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| "paper_id": "A94-1000", | |
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| "date_generated": "2023-01-19T01:13:44.743337Z" | |
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| "title": "Acquiring Knowledge from Encyclopedic Texts", | |
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| "first": "Flavia", | |
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| "abstract": [], | |
| "body_text": [ | |
| { | |
| "text": "This volume represents the fourth proceedings of an \"ACL Applied\" conference. The contents of these pages illustrate some of the changes that have influenced us since the first such conference in 1983: a heightened emphasis on applications and commercial enterprise, integration of natural language processing with other technologies, and the emergence of innovative new applications and methods. The pace of change in the field has become so rapid that the community felt a need to have an applied conference on a regular basis; hence, this conference follows the third by only two years.", | |
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| "section": "PREFACE", | |
| "sec_num": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "text": "Never has the interplay between computational linguistics and applications been so active and harmonious. Emerging applications and even emerging commercial successes have driven research, for example, in multimedia systems, information retrieval, lexical representation, multi-lingual tools, and document processing. New methods in turn have led to improved applicability and commercial viability. The work reported here falls on both sides of an important boundary: the \"technology push\" that helps to create applications and markets, and the \"market pull\" that guides research and development, creates funding, and heightens the excitement in the field.", | |
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| "section": "PREFACE", | |
| "sec_num": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "text": "The process by which this proceedings has been created reflects some of the same changes that have driven the research. Much of the preparation, review, revision, and final transmission of the papers was done electronically, leading to the rapid, easy, and accurate exchange and reproduction of materials between points as distant as North America and Asia, as well as Eastern and Southern Europe. The same worldwide connectivity that makes this possible is also responsible for some of the advances in the field as well as for some emerging applications.", | |
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| "section": "PREFACE", | |
| "sec_num": null | |
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| { | |
| "text": "A number of people deserve special recognition for their contribution to this effort. Trisha Yannuzzi of the Institute for Research in Cognitive Science and Craig Reynolds of the GRASP Laboratory at the University of Pennsylvania helped to coordinate the program committee activities as well as the preparation of the proceedings, with help from Jodi Kerper and others at IRCS. Uwe Reyle, along with Christian Rohrer and others in Stuttgart, made the conference arrangements and did publicity as well as the cover layout. Fernando Pereira, Karen Sparck Jones, and others in the ACL provided logistical as well as moral support. These individuals contributed to a global, integrated project representative of the current state of the art. ", | |
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| "section": "PREFACE", | |
| "sec_num": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "text": "Takahiro Wakao ........................................................................", | |
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| ], | |
| "back_matter": [ | |
| { | |
| "text": " Aizawa, Teruaki ..................... 28 Akamine, Susumu .................. 196 Araki, Tetsuo ....................... 198 Barros, Flavia A .................... 119 Basili, Roberto ..................... 174 Bates, Madeleine ................... 132 Bobrow, Robert .................... 132 Bolshakov, Igor A ................... 200 Bond, Francis .................. 184, 190 Cahill, Lynne J ..................... 211 CMdwell, David E ..................... 1 Carter, David ........................ 59 Chen, David ", | |
| "cite_spans": [ | |
| { | |
| "start": 1, | |
| "end": 8, | |
| "text": "Aizawa,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 9, | |
| "end": 50, | |
| "text": "Teruaki ..................... 28 Akamine,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 51, | |
| "end": 87, | |
| "text": "Susumu .................. 196 Araki,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 88, | |
| "end": 130, | |
| "text": "Tetsuo ....................... 198 Barros,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 131, | |
| "end": 172, | |
| "text": "Flavia A .................... 119 Basili,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 173, | |
| "end": 213, | |
| "text": "Roberto ..................... 174 Bates,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 214, | |
| "end": 255, | |
| "text": "Madeleine ................... 132 Bobrow,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 256, | |
| "end": 298, | |
| "text": "Robert .................... 132 Bolshakov,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 299, | |
| "end": 335, | |
| "text": "Igor A ................... 200 Bond,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 336, | |
| "end": 367, | |
| "text": "Francis .................. 184,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 368, | |
| "end": 379, | |
| "text": "190 Cahill,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 380, | |
| "end": 422, | |
| "text": "Lynne J ..................... 211 CMdwell,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 423, | |
| "end": 462, | |
| "text": "David E ..................... 1 Carter,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 463, | |
| "end": 502, | |
| "text": "David ........................ 59 Chen,", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| }, | |
| { | |
| "start": 503, | |
| "end": 508, | |
| "text": "David", | |
| "ref_id": null | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "ref_spans": [], | |
| "eq_spans": [], | |
| "section": "AUTHOR INDEX", | |
| "sec_num": null | |
| } | |
| ], | |
| "bib_entries": {}, | |
| "ref_entries": { | |
| "TABREF1": { | |
| "type_str": "table", | |
| "num": null, | |
| "html": null, | |
| "content": "<table><tr><td>Document Image Understanding</td></tr><tr><td>Language Determination: Natural Language Processing from Scanned Document Images</td></tr><tr><td>The Delphi Natural Language Understanding System Madeleine Bates, Lexical Processing Naoto Ido Tagging Models Tagging and Morphological Disambiguation of Turkish Text</td></tr><tr><td>Tagging Accurately --Don't Guess If You Know</td></tr><tr><td>Pasi Tapanainen & Does Baum-Welch Re-estimation Help Taggers?</td></tr><tr><td>Text Categorization and Retrieval</td></tr><tr><td>Text Processing A Probabilistic Model for Text Categorization: Based on a Single Random Variable with</td></tr><tr><td>Multiple Values Exploiting Sophisticated Representations for Document Retrieval Makoto Iwayama K: Might a Semantic Lexicon Support Hypertextual Authoring?</td></tr></table>", | |
| "text": "Text GenerationBilingual Generation of Job Descriptions from Quasi-Conceptual ~brmsDavid E. Caldwell & Tatiana Korelsky .................................................... 1 Practical Issues in Automatic Documentation GenerationKathleen McKeown, Karen Kukich & James Shaw ......................................... 7 Penelope Sibun & A. Lawrence Spitz ..................................................... 15 Modeling Content Identification from Document Images TakehiroNakayama ...................................................................... Katoh ~z Teruaki Aizawa .......................................................... Dagan & Ken Church ................................................................ 34 Symmetric Pattern Matching Analysis for English Coordinate Structures Akitoshi Okumura &: Kazunori Muraki ................................................... 41 Atro Voutilainen ..................................................... 47 David Elworthy .......................................................................... 53 Improving Language Models By Clustering Training Sentences David Carter ............................................................................ 59 Steven Finch ............................................................................. 65 Combination of Symbolic and Statistical Approaches for Grammatical Knowledge Acquisition Masaki Kiyono & Jun'ichi Tsujii ......................................................... Robert Bobrow, Robert Ingria & David Stallard ....................... 132 Understanding Location Descriptions in the Lei System David N. Chin, Matthew McGranaghan & Tung-Tse Chen .............................. 138 Kemal Ofiazer ~\u00a2 Ilker KuruSz .......................................................... 144 A Robust Category Guesser for Dutch Medical Language Peter Spyns ............................................................................ 150 Handling Japanese Homophone Errors in Revision Support System for Japanese Texts; Revise Masahiro Oku .......................................................................... 156 Takenobu Tokunaga ................................................ 162 Robust Text Processing in Automated Information Retrieval Tomek Strzalkowski ..................................................................... 168 Roberto Basili, Fabrizio Grisoli ~ Maria Teresa Pazienza ................................ 174 Posters Improving Chinese Tokenization with Linguistic Filters on Statistical Lexical Acquisition Dekai Wu & Pascale Fung ................................................. -............. 180 viii Automatic Acquisition of Semantic Attributes for User Defined Words in Japanese to English Machine Translation ~:~ Satoru Ikehara, Satoshi Shirai, Akio Yokoo, Francis Bond & Yoshie Omi ................. 184 Degraded Text Recognition Using Word Collocation and Visual Inter-Word Constraints Tao Hong & Jonathan J. Hull ........................................................... 186 Using Syntactic Dependencies for Word Alignment Fathi Debili, Ely,s Sammouda ~: Adnane Zribi .........................................." | |
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