diff --git a/ckpts/llama-3b/global_step100/bf16_zero_pp_rank_117_mp_rank_02_optim_states.pt b/ckpts/llama-3b/global_step100/bf16_zero_pp_rank_117_mp_rank_02_optim_states.pt new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9190e943fcd21706942944695afc0077ec18721a --- /dev/null +++ b/ckpts/llama-3b/global_step100/bf16_zero_pp_rank_117_mp_rank_02_optim_states.pt @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1 +oid sha256:8634498c78ef5764c676db79ff9d360b4afd7e3a4e6c68c11730145ccfab4d01 +size 41830340 diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eb890c8b8c0ab5cad3a72f7eeb33dd3824ed20af --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +""" +compat +====== + +Cross-compatible functions for different versions of Python. + +Other items: +* platform checker +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +import os +import platform +import sys +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +from pandas.compat._constants import ( + IS64, + ISMUSL, + PY310, + PY311, + PY312, + PYPY, +) +import pandas.compat.compressors +from pandas.compat.numpy import is_numpy_dev +from pandas.compat.pyarrow import ( + pa_version_under10p1, + pa_version_under11p0, + pa_version_under13p0, + pa_version_under14p0, + pa_version_under14p1, + pa_version_under16p0, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import F + + +def set_function_name(f: F, name: str, cls: type) -> F: + """ + Bind the name/qualname attributes of the function. + """ + f.__name__ = name + f.__qualname__ = f"{cls.__name__}.{name}" + f.__module__ = cls.__module__ + return f + + +def is_platform_little_endian() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform is little endian. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform is little endian. + """ + return sys.byteorder == "little" + + +def is_platform_windows() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform is windows. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform is windows. + """ + return sys.platform in ["win32", "cygwin"] + + +def is_platform_linux() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform is linux. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform is linux. + """ + return sys.platform == "linux" + + +def is_platform_mac() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform is mac. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform is mac. + """ + return sys.platform == "darwin" + + +def is_platform_arm() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform use ARM architecture. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform uses ARM architecture. + """ + return platform.machine() in ("arm64", "aarch64") or platform.machine().startswith( + "armv" + ) + + +def is_platform_power() -> bool: + """ + Checking if the running platform use Power architecture. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running platform uses ARM architecture. + """ + return platform.machine() in ("ppc64", "ppc64le") + + +def is_ci_environment() -> bool: + """ + Checking if running in a continuous integration environment by checking + the PANDAS_CI environment variable. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if the running in a continuous integration environment. + """ + return os.environ.get("PANDAS_CI", "0") == "1" + + +def get_lzma_file() -> type[pandas.compat.compressors.LZMAFile]: + """ + Importing the `LZMAFile` class from the `lzma` module. + + Returns + ------- + class + The `LZMAFile` class from the `lzma` module. + + Raises + ------ + RuntimeError + If the `lzma` module was not imported correctly, or didn't exist. + """ + if not pandas.compat.compressors.has_lzma: + raise RuntimeError( + "lzma module not available. " + "A Python re-install with the proper dependencies, " + "might be required to solve this issue." + ) + return pandas.compat.compressors.LZMAFile + + +def get_bz2_file() -> type[pandas.compat.compressors.BZ2File]: + """ + Importing the `BZ2File` class from the `bz2` module. + + Returns + ------- + class + The `BZ2File` class from the `bz2` module. + + Raises + ------ + RuntimeError + If the `bz2` module was not imported correctly, or didn't exist. + """ + if not pandas.compat.compressors.has_bz2: + raise RuntimeError( + "bz2 module not available. " + "A Python re-install with the proper dependencies, " + "might be required to solve this issue." + ) + return pandas.compat.compressors.BZ2File + + +__all__ = [ + "is_numpy_dev", + "pa_version_under10p1", + "pa_version_under11p0", + "pa_version_under13p0", + "pa_version_under14p0", + "pa_version_under14p1", + "pa_version_under16p0", + "IS64", + "ISMUSL", + "PY310", + "PY311", + "PY312", + "PYPY", +] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..dc38c1b3434e6b0c7d738ff6032a20df3e057fae Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_constants.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_constants.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1e1ce1d907b11cb86fde5dd511864061eaa83c15 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_constants.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_optional.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_optional.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d837331e404776542ac7e2896f4f5636ac7043f2 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/_optional.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/compressors.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/compressors.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9392d05a4c08565e4caec32e94de630957509892 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/compressors.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pickle_compat.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pickle_compat.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..feb1691b1916580a55d00e2a7beaf8c730685629 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pickle_compat.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pyarrow.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pyarrow.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b27bfbd13a5ffd9ecdce31a004fd68ce39e2e682 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/__pycache__/pyarrow.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_constants.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_constants.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7bc3fbaaefebf69d8ebd622406dc9357237add1a --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_constants.py @@ -0,0 +1,30 @@ +""" +_constants +====== + +Constants relevant for the Python implementation. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import platform +import sys +import sysconfig + +IS64 = sys.maxsize > 2**32 + +PY310 = sys.version_info >= (3, 10) +PY311 = sys.version_info >= (3, 11) +PY312 = sys.version_info >= (3, 12) +PYPY = platform.python_implementation() == "PyPy" +ISMUSL = "musl" in (sysconfig.get_config_var("HOST_GNU_TYPE") or "") +REF_COUNT = 2 if PY311 else 3 + +__all__ = [ + "IS64", + "ISMUSL", + "PY310", + "PY311", + "PY312", + "PYPY", +] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_optional.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_optional.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2bc6cd46f09a7e4b103658f9c2ec9a69d93d00b9 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/_optional.py @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +import importlib +import sys +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING +import warnings + +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +from pandas.util.version import Version + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + import types + +# Update install.rst & setup.cfg when updating versions! + +VERSIONS = { + "adbc-driver-postgresql": "0.8.0", + "adbc-driver-sqlite": "0.8.0", + "bs4": "4.11.2", + "blosc": "1.21.3", + "bottleneck": "1.3.6", + "dataframe-api-compat": "0.1.7", + "fastparquet": "2022.12.0", + "fsspec": "2022.11.0", + "html5lib": "1.1", + "hypothesis": "6.46.1", + "gcsfs": "2022.11.0", + "jinja2": "3.1.2", + "lxml.etree": "4.9.2", + "matplotlib": "3.6.3", + "numba": "0.56.4", + "numexpr": "2.8.4", + "odfpy": "1.4.1", + "openpyxl": "3.1.0", + "pandas_gbq": "0.19.0", + "psycopg2": "2.9.6", # (dt dec pq3 ext lo64) + "pymysql": "1.0.2", + "pyarrow": "10.0.1", + "pyreadstat": "1.2.0", + "pytest": "7.3.2", + "python-calamine": "0.1.7", + "pyxlsb": "1.0.10", + "s3fs": "2022.11.0", + "scipy": "1.10.0", + "sqlalchemy": "2.0.0", + "tables": "3.8.0", + "tabulate": "0.9.0", + "xarray": "2022.12.0", + "xlrd": "2.0.1", + "xlsxwriter": "3.0.5", + "zstandard": "0.19.0", + "tzdata": "2022.7", + "qtpy": "2.3.0", + "pyqt5": "5.15.9", +} + +# A mapping from import name to package name (on PyPI) for packages where +# these two names are different. + +INSTALL_MAPPING = { + "bs4": "beautifulsoup4", + "bottleneck": "Bottleneck", + "jinja2": "Jinja2", + "lxml.etree": "lxml", + "odf": "odfpy", + "pandas_gbq": "pandas-gbq", + "python_calamine": "python-calamine", + "sqlalchemy": "SQLAlchemy", + "tables": "pytables", +} + + +def get_version(module: types.ModuleType) -> str: + version = getattr(module, "__version__", None) + + if version is None: + raise ImportError(f"Can't determine version for {module.__name__}") + if module.__name__ == "psycopg2": + # psycopg2 appends " (dt dec pq3 ext lo64)" to it's version + version = version.split()[0] + return version + + +def import_optional_dependency( + name: str, + extra: str = "", + errors: str = "raise", + min_version: str | None = None, +): + """ + Import an optional dependency. + + By default, if a dependency is missing an ImportError with a nice + message will be raised. If a dependency is present, but too old, + we raise. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + The module name. + extra : str + Additional text to include in the ImportError message. + errors : str {'raise', 'warn', 'ignore'} + What to do when a dependency is not found or its version is too old. + + * raise : Raise an ImportError + * warn : Only applicable when a module's version is to old. + Warns that the version is too old and returns None + * ignore: If the module is not installed, return None, otherwise, + return the module, even if the version is too old. + It's expected that users validate the version locally when + using ``errors="ignore"`` (see. ``io/html.py``) + min_version : str, default None + Specify a minimum version that is different from the global pandas + minimum version required. + Returns + ------- + maybe_module : Optional[ModuleType] + The imported module, when found and the version is correct. + None is returned when the package is not found and `errors` + is False, or when the package's version is too old and `errors` + is ``'warn'`` or ``'ignore'``. + """ + assert errors in {"warn", "raise", "ignore"} + + package_name = INSTALL_MAPPING.get(name) + install_name = package_name if package_name is not None else name + + msg = ( + f"Missing optional dependency '{install_name}'. {extra} " + f"Use pip or conda to install {install_name}." + ) + try: + module = importlib.import_module(name) + except ImportError: + if errors == "raise": + raise ImportError(msg) + return None + + # Handle submodules: if we have submodule, grab parent module from sys.modules + parent = name.split(".")[0] + if parent != name: + install_name = parent + module_to_get = sys.modules[install_name] + else: + module_to_get = module + minimum_version = min_version if min_version is not None else VERSIONS.get(parent) + if minimum_version: + version = get_version(module_to_get) + if version and Version(version) < Version(minimum_version): + msg = ( + f"Pandas requires version '{minimum_version}' or newer of '{parent}' " + f"(version '{version}' currently installed)." + ) + if errors == "warn": + warnings.warn( + msg, + UserWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return None + elif errors == "raise": + raise ImportError(msg) + else: + return None + + return module diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/compressors.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/compressors.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1f31e34c092c9672559ca2f5194cb1da7083d03b --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/compressors.py @@ -0,0 +1,77 @@ +""" +Patched ``BZ2File`` and ``LZMAFile`` to handle pickle protocol 5. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from pickle import PickleBuffer + +from pandas.compat._constants import PY310 + +try: + import bz2 + + has_bz2 = True +except ImportError: + has_bz2 = False + +try: + import lzma + + has_lzma = True +except ImportError: + has_lzma = False + + +def flatten_buffer( + b: bytes | bytearray | memoryview | PickleBuffer, +) -> bytes | bytearray | memoryview: + """ + Return some 1-D `uint8` typed buffer. + + Coerces anything that does not match that description to one that does + without copying if possible (otherwise will copy). + """ + + if isinstance(b, (bytes, bytearray)): + return b + + if not isinstance(b, PickleBuffer): + b = PickleBuffer(b) + + try: + # coerce to 1-D `uint8` C-contiguous `memoryview` zero-copy + return b.raw() + except BufferError: + # perform in-memory copy if buffer is not contiguous + return memoryview(b).tobytes("A") + + +if has_bz2: + + class BZ2File(bz2.BZ2File): + if not PY310: + + def write(self, b) -> int: + # Workaround issue where `bz2.BZ2File` expects `len` + # to return the number of bytes in `b` by converting + # `b` into something that meets that constraint with + # minimal copying. + # + # Note: This is fixed in Python 3.10. + return super().write(flatten_buffer(b)) + + +if has_lzma: + + class LZMAFile(lzma.LZMAFile): + if not PY310: + + def write(self, b) -> int: + # Workaround issue where `lzma.LZMAFile` expects `len` + # to return the number of bytes in `b` by converting + # `b` into something that meets that constraint with + # minimal copying. + # + # Note: This is fixed in Python 3.10. + return super().write(flatten_buffer(b)) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3014bd652d8c46b49bcf34e8d050679f70e3f7da --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,53 @@ +""" support numpy compatibility across versions """ +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from pandas.util.version import Version + +# numpy versioning +_np_version = np.__version__ +_nlv = Version(_np_version) +np_version_lt1p23 = _nlv < Version("1.23") +np_version_gte1p24 = _nlv >= Version("1.24") +np_version_gte1p24p3 = _nlv >= Version("1.24.3") +np_version_gte1p25 = _nlv >= Version("1.25") +np_version_gt2 = _nlv >= Version("2.0.0.dev0") +is_numpy_dev = _nlv.dev is not None +_min_numpy_ver = "1.22.4" + + +if _nlv < Version(_min_numpy_ver): + raise ImportError( + f"this version of pandas is incompatible with numpy < {_min_numpy_ver}\n" + f"your numpy version is {_np_version}.\n" + f"Please upgrade numpy to >= {_min_numpy_ver} to use this pandas version" + ) + + +np_long: type +np_ulong: type + +if np_version_gt2: + try: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + r".*In the future `np\.long` will be defined as.*", + FutureWarning, + ) + np_long = np.long # type: ignore[attr-defined] + np_ulong = np.ulong # type: ignore[attr-defined] + except AttributeError: + np_long = np.int_ + np_ulong = np.uint +else: + np_long = np.int_ + np_ulong = np.uint + + +__all__ = [ + "np", + "_np_version", + "is_numpy_dev", +] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0bfb00524c6b99d062fbd0f2636c4c4ac39b27ac Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/function.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/function.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a601c287a38c63c47a1f1c413f716843f444b465 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/__pycache__/function.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4df30f7f4a8a79984ca6de521ac058bd30fd8faf --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/numpy/function.py @@ -0,0 +1,418 @@ +""" +For compatibility with numpy libraries, pandas functions or methods have to +accept '*args' and '**kwargs' parameters to accommodate numpy arguments that +are not actually used or respected in the pandas implementation. + +To ensure that users do not abuse these parameters, validation is performed in +'validators.py' to make sure that any extra parameters passed correspond ONLY +to those in the numpy signature. Part of that validation includes whether or +not the user attempted to pass in non-default values for these extraneous +parameters. As we want to discourage users from relying on these parameters +when calling the pandas implementation, we want them only to pass in the +default values for these parameters. + +This module provides a set of commonly used default arguments for functions and +methods that are spread throughout the codebase. This module will make it +easier to adjust to future upstream changes in the analogous numpy signatures. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + TypeVar, + cast, + overload, +) + +import numpy as np +from numpy import ndarray + +from pandas._libs.lib import ( + is_bool, + is_integer, +) +from pandas.errors import UnsupportedFunctionCall +from pandas.util._validators import ( + validate_args, + validate_args_and_kwargs, + validate_kwargs, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + Axis, + AxisInt, + ) + + AxisNoneT = TypeVar("AxisNoneT", Axis, None) + + +class CompatValidator: + def __init__( + self, + defaults, + fname=None, + method: str | None = None, + max_fname_arg_count=None, + ) -> None: + self.fname = fname + self.method = method + self.defaults = defaults + self.max_fname_arg_count = max_fname_arg_count + + def __call__( + self, + args, + kwargs, + fname=None, + max_fname_arg_count=None, + method: str | None = None, + ) -> None: + if not args and not kwargs: + return None + + fname = self.fname if fname is None else fname + max_fname_arg_count = ( + self.max_fname_arg_count + if max_fname_arg_count is None + else max_fname_arg_count + ) + method = self.method if method is None else method + + if method == "args": + validate_args(fname, args, max_fname_arg_count, self.defaults) + elif method == "kwargs": + validate_kwargs(fname, kwargs, self.defaults) + elif method == "both": + validate_args_and_kwargs( + fname, args, kwargs, max_fname_arg_count, self.defaults + ) + else: + raise ValueError(f"invalid validation method '{method}'") + + +ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS = {"out": None} +validate_argmin = CompatValidator( + ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="argmin", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_argmax = CompatValidator( + ARGMINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="argmax", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + + +def process_skipna(skipna: bool | ndarray | None, args) -> tuple[bool, Any]: + if isinstance(skipna, ndarray) or skipna is None: + args = (skipna,) + args + skipna = True + + return skipna, args + + +def validate_argmin_with_skipna(skipna: bool | ndarray | None, args, kwargs) -> bool: + """ + If 'Series.argmin' is called via the 'numpy' library, the third parameter + in its signature is 'out', which takes either an ndarray or 'None', so + check if the 'skipna' parameter is either an instance of ndarray or is + None, since 'skipna' itself should be a boolean + """ + skipna, args = process_skipna(skipna, args) + validate_argmin(args, kwargs) + return skipna + + +def validate_argmax_with_skipna(skipna: bool | ndarray | None, args, kwargs) -> bool: + """ + If 'Series.argmax' is called via the 'numpy' library, the third parameter + in its signature is 'out', which takes either an ndarray or 'None', so + check if the 'skipna' parameter is either an instance of ndarray or is + None, since 'skipna' itself should be a boolean + """ + skipna, args = process_skipna(skipna, args) + validate_argmax(args, kwargs) + return skipna + + +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS: dict[str, int | str | None] = {} +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS["axis"] = -1 +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS["kind"] = "quicksort" +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS["order"] = None +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS["kind"] = None +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS["stable"] = None + + +validate_argsort = CompatValidator( + ARGSORT_DEFAULTS, fname="argsort", max_fname_arg_count=0, method="both" +) + +# two different signatures of argsort, this second validation for when the +# `kind` param is supported +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS_KIND: dict[str, int | None] = {} +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS_KIND["axis"] = -1 +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS_KIND["order"] = None +ARGSORT_DEFAULTS_KIND["stable"] = None +validate_argsort_kind = CompatValidator( + ARGSORT_DEFAULTS_KIND, fname="argsort", max_fname_arg_count=0, method="both" +) + + +def validate_argsort_with_ascending(ascending: bool | int | None, args, kwargs) -> bool: + """ + If 'Categorical.argsort' is called via the 'numpy' library, the first + parameter in its signature is 'axis', which takes either an integer or + 'None', so check if the 'ascending' parameter has either integer type or is + None, since 'ascending' itself should be a boolean + """ + if is_integer(ascending) or ascending is None: + args = (ascending,) + args + ascending = True + + validate_argsort_kind(args, kwargs, max_fname_arg_count=3) + ascending = cast(bool, ascending) + return ascending + + +CLIP_DEFAULTS: dict[str, Any] = {"out": None} +validate_clip = CompatValidator( + CLIP_DEFAULTS, fname="clip", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=3 +) + + +@overload +def validate_clip_with_axis(axis: ndarray, args, kwargs) -> None: + ... + + +@overload +def validate_clip_with_axis(axis: AxisNoneT, args, kwargs) -> AxisNoneT: + ... + + +def validate_clip_with_axis( + axis: ndarray | AxisNoneT, args, kwargs +) -> AxisNoneT | None: + """ + If 'NDFrame.clip' is called via the numpy library, the third parameter in + its signature is 'out', which can takes an ndarray, so check if the 'axis' + parameter is an instance of ndarray, since 'axis' itself should either be + an integer or None + """ + if isinstance(axis, ndarray): + args = (axis,) + args + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "None", + # variable has type "Union[ndarray[Any, Any], str, int]") + axis = None # type: ignore[assignment] + + validate_clip(args, kwargs) + # error: Incompatible return value type (got "Union[ndarray[Any, Any], + # str, int]", expected "Union[str, int, None]") + return axis # type: ignore[return-value] + + +CUM_FUNC_DEFAULTS: dict[str, Any] = {} +CUM_FUNC_DEFAULTS["dtype"] = None +CUM_FUNC_DEFAULTS["out"] = None +validate_cum_func = CompatValidator( + CUM_FUNC_DEFAULTS, method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_cumsum = CompatValidator( + CUM_FUNC_DEFAULTS, fname="cumsum", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + + +def validate_cum_func_with_skipna(skipna: bool, args, kwargs, name) -> bool: + """ + If this function is called via the 'numpy' library, the third parameter in + its signature is 'dtype', which takes either a 'numpy' dtype or 'None', so + check if the 'skipna' parameter is a boolean or not + """ + if not is_bool(skipna): + args = (skipna,) + args + skipna = True + elif isinstance(skipna, np.bool_): + skipna = bool(skipna) + + validate_cum_func(args, kwargs, fname=name) + return skipna + + +ALLANY_DEFAULTS: dict[str, bool | None] = {} +ALLANY_DEFAULTS["dtype"] = None +ALLANY_DEFAULTS["out"] = None +ALLANY_DEFAULTS["keepdims"] = False +ALLANY_DEFAULTS["axis"] = None +validate_all = CompatValidator( + ALLANY_DEFAULTS, fname="all", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_any = CompatValidator( + ALLANY_DEFAULTS, fname="any", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +LOGICAL_FUNC_DEFAULTS = {"out": None, "keepdims": False} +validate_logical_func = CompatValidator(LOGICAL_FUNC_DEFAULTS, method="kwargs") + +MINMAX_DEFAULTS = {"axis": None, "dtype": None, "out": None, "keepdims": False} +validate_min = CompatValidator( + MINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="min", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_max = CompatValidator( + MINMAX_DEFAULTS, fname="max", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +RESHAPE_DEFAULTS: dict[str, str] = {"order": "C"} +validate_reshape = CompatValidator( + RESHAPE_DEFAULTS, fname="reshape", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +REPEAT_DEFAULTS: dict[str, Any] = {"axis": None} +validate_repeat = CompatValidator( + REPEAT_DEFAULTS, fname="repeat", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +ROUND_DEFAULTS: dict[str, Any] = {"out": None} +validate_round = CompatValidator( + ROUND_DEFAULTS, fname="round", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +SORT_DEFAULTS: dict[str, int | str | None] = {} +SORT_DEFAULTS["axis"] = -1 +SORT_DEFAULTS["kind"] = "quicksort" +SORT_DEFAULTS["order"] = None +validate_sort = CompatValidator(SORT_DEFAULTS, fname="sort", method="kwargs") + +STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS: dict[str, Any | None] = {} +STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS["dtype"] = None +STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS["out"] = None + +SUM_DEFAULTS = STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS.copy() +SUM_DEFAULTS["axis"] = None +SUM_DEFAULTS["keepdims"] = False +SUM_DEFAULTS["initial"] = None + +PROD_DEFAULTS = SUM_DEFAULTS.copy() + +MEAN_DEFAULTS = SUM_DEFAULTS.copy() + +MEDIAN_DEFAULTS = STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS.copy() +MEDIAN_DEFAULTS["overwrite_input"] = False +MEDIAN_DEFAULTS["keepdims"] = False + +STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS["keepdims"] = False + +validate_stat_func = CompatValidator(STAT_FUNC_DEFAULTS, method="kwargs") +validate_sum = CompatValidator( + SUM_DEFAULTS, fname="sum", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_prod = CompatValidator( + PROD_DEFAULTS, fname="prod", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_mean = CompatValidator( + MEAN_DEFAULTS, fname="mean", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) +validate_median = CompatValidator( + MEDIAN_DEFAULTS, fname="median", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=1 +) + +STAT_DDOF_FUNC_DEFAULTS: dict[str, bool | None] = {} +STAT_DDOF_FUNC_DEFAULTS["dtype"] = None +STAT_DDOF_FUNC_DEFAULTS["out"] = None +STAT_DDOF_FUNC_DEFAULTS["keepdims"] = False +validate_stat_ddof_func = CompatValidator(STAT_DDOF_FUNC_DEFAULTS, method="kwargs") + +TAKE_DEFAULTS: dict[str, str | None] = {} +TAKE_DEFAULTS["out"] = None +TAKE_DEFAULTS["mode"] = "raise" +validate_take = CompatValidator(TAKE_DEFAULTS, fname="take", method="kwargs") + + +def validate_take_with_convert(convert: ndarray | bool | None, args, kwargs) -> bool: + """ + If this function is called via the 'numpy' library, the third parameter in + its signature is 'axis', which takes either an ndarray or 'None', so check + if the 'convert' parameter is either an instance of ndarray or is None + """ + if isinstance(convert, ndarray) or convert is None: + args = (convert,) + args + convert = True + + validate_take(args, kwargs, max_fname_arg_count=3, method="both") + return convert + + +TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS = {"axes": None} +validate_transpose = CompatValidator( + TRANSPOSE_DEFAULTS, fname="transpose", method="both", max_fname_arg_count=0 +) + + +def validate_groupby_func(name: str, args, kwargs, allowed=None) -> None: + """ + 'args' and 'kwargs' should be empty, except for allowed kwargs because all + of their necessary parameters are explicitly listed in the function + signature + """ + if allowed is None: + allowed = [] + + kwargs = set(kwargs) - set(allowed) + + if len(args) + len(kwargs) > 0: + raise UnsupportedFunctionCall( + "numpy operations are not valid with groupby. " + f"Use .groupby(...).{name}() instead" + ) + + +RESAMPLER_NUMPY_OPS = ("min", "max", "sum", "prod", "mean", "std", "var") + + +def validate_resampler_func(method: str, args, kwargs) -> None: + """ + 'args' and 'kwargs' should be empty because all of their necessary + parameters are explicitly listed in the function signature + """ + if len(args) + len(kwargs) > 0: + if method in RESAMPLER_NUMPY_OPS: + raise UnsupportedFunctionCall( + "numpy operations are not valid with resample. " + f"Use .resample(...).{method}() instead" + ) + raise TypeError("too many arguments passed in") + + +def validate_minmax_axis(axis: AxisInt | None, ndim: int = 1) -> None: + """ + Ensure that the axis argument passed to min, max, argmin, or argmax is zero + or None, as otherwise it will be incorrectly ignored. + + Parameters + ---------- + axis : int or None + ndim : int, default 1 + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + """ + if axis is None: + return + if axis >= ndim or (axis < 0 and ndim + axis < 0): + raise ValueError(f"`axis` must be fewer than the number of dimensions ({ndim})") + + +_validation_funcs = { + "median": validate_median, + "mean": validate_mean, + "min": validate_min, + "max": validate_max, + "sum": validate_sum, + "prod": validate_prod, +} + + +def validate_func(fname, args, kwargs) -> None: + if fname not in _validation_funcs: + return validate_stat_func(args, kwargs, fname=fname) + + validation_func = _validation_funcs[fname] + return validation_func(args, kwargs) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pickle_compat.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pickle_compat.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cd98087c06c18634304c29d88837017a6952a4fc --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pickle_compat.py @@ -0,0 +1,262 @@ +""" +Support pre-0.12 series pickle compatibility. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +import contextlib +import copy +import io +import pickle as pkl +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._libs.arrays import NDArrayBacked +from pandas._libs.tslibs import BaseOffset + +from pandas import Index +from pandas.core.arrays import ( + DatetimeArray, + PeriodArray, + TimedeltaArray, +) +from pandas.core.internals import BlockManager + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import Generator + + +def load_reduce(self) -> None: + stack = self.stack + args = stack.pop() + func = stack[-1] + + try: + stack[-1] = func(*args) + return + except TypeError as err: + # If we have a deprecated function, + # try to replace and try again. + + msg = "_reconstruct: First argument must be a sub-type of ndarray" + + if msg in str(err): + try: + cls = args[0] + stack[-1] = object.__new__(cls) + return + except TypeError: + pass + elif args and isinstance(args[0], type) and issubclass(args[0], BaseOffset): + # TypeError: object.__new__(Day) is not safe, use Day.__new__() + cls = args[0] + stack[-1] = cls.__new__(*args) + return + elif args and issubclass(args[0], PeriodArray): + cls = args[0] + stack[-1] = NDArrayBacked.__new__(*args) + return + + raise + + +# If classes are moved, provide compat here. +_class_locations_map = { + ("pandas.core.sparse.array", "SparseArray"): ("pandas.core.arrays", "SparseArray"), + # 15477 + ("pandas.core.base", "FrozenNDArray"): ("numpy", "ndarray"), + # Re-routing unpickle block logic to go through _unpickle_block instead + # for pandas <= 1.3.5 + ("pandas.core.internals.blocks", "new_block"): ( + "pandas._libs.internals", + "_unpickle_block", + ), + ("pandas.core.indexes.frozen", "FrozenNDArray"): ("numpy", "ndarray"), + ("pandas.core.base", "FrozenList"): ("pandas.core.indexes.frozen", "FrozenList"), + # 10890 + ("pandas.core.series", "TimeSeries"): ("pandas.core.series", "Series"), + ("pandas.sparse.series", "SparseTimeSeries"): ( + "pandas.core.sparse.series", + "SparseSeries", + ), + # 12588, extensions moving + ("pandas._sparse", "BlockIndex"): ("pandas._libs.sparse", "BlockIndex"), + ("pandas.tslib", "Timestamp"): ("pandas._libs.tslib", "Timestamp"), + # 18543 moving period + ("pandas._period", "Period"): ("pandas._libs.tslibs.period", "Period"), + ("pandas._libs.period", "Period"): ("pandas._libs.tslibs.period", "Period"), + # 18014 moved __nat_unpickle from _libs.tslib-->_libs.tslibs.nattype + ("pandas.tslib", "__nat_unpickle"): ( + "pandas._libs.tslibs.nattype", + "__nat_unpickle", + ), + ("pandas._libs.tslib", "__nat_unpickle"): ( + "pandas._libs.tslibs.nattype", + "__nat_unpickle", + ), + # 15998 top-level dirs moving + ("pandas.sparse.array", "SparseArray"): ( + "pandas.core.arrays.sparse", + "SparseArray", + ), + ("pandas.indexes.base", "_new_Index"): ("pandas.core.indexes.base", "_new_Index"), + ("pandas.indexes.base", "Index"): ("pandas.core.indexes.base", "Index"), + ("pandas.indexes.numeric", "Int64Index"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.base", + "Index", # updated in 50775 + ), + ("pandas.indexes.range", "RangeIndex"): ("pandas.core.indexes.range", "RangeIndex"), + ("pandas.indexes.multi", "MultiIndex"): ("pandas.core.indexes.multi", "MultiIndex"), + ("pandas.tseries.index", "_new_DatetimeIndex"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.datetimes", + "_new_DatetimeIndex", + ), + ("pandas.tseries.index", "DatetimeIndex"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.datetimes", + "DatetimeIndex", + ), + ("pandas.tseries.period", "PeriodIndex"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.period", + "PeriodIndex", + ), + # 19269, arrays moving + ("pandas.core.categorical", "Categorical"): ("pandas.core.arrays", "Categorical"), + # 19939, add timedeltaindex, float64index compat from 15998 move + ("pandas.tseries.tdi", "TimedeltaIndex"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.timedeltas", + "TimedeltaIndex", + ), + ("pandas.indexes.numeric", "Float64Index"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.base", + "Index", # updated in 50775 + ), + # 50775, remove Int64Index, UInt64Index & Float64Index from codabase + ("pandas.core.indexes.numeric", "Int64Index"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.base", + "Index", + ), + ("pandas.core.indexes.numeric", "UInt64Index"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.base", + "Index", + ), + ("pandas.core.indexes.numeric", "Float64Index"): ( + "pandas.core.indexes.base", + "Index", + ), + ("pandas.core.arrays.sparse.dtype", "SparseDtype"): ( + "pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes", + "SparseDtype", + ), +} + + +# our Unpickler sub-class to override methods and some dispatcher +# functions for compat and uses a non-public class of the pickle module. + + +class Unpickler(pkl._Unpickler): + def find_class(self, module, name): + # override superclass + key = (module, name) + module, name = _class_locations_map.get(key, key) + return super().find_class(module, name) + + +Unpickler.dispatch = copy.copy(Unpickler.dispatch) +Unpickler.dispatch[pkl.REDUCE[0]] = load_reduce + + +def load_newobj(self) -> None: + args = self.stack.pop() + cls = self.stack[-1] + + # compat + if issubclass(cls, Index): + obj = object.__new__(cls) + elif issubclass(cls, DatetimeArray) and not args: + arr = np.array([], dtype="M8[ns]") + obj = cls.__new__(cls, arr, arr.dtype) + elif issubclass(cls, TimedeltaArray) and not args: + arr = np.array([], dtype="m8[ns]") + obj = cls.__new__(cls, arr, arr.dtype) + elif cls is BlockManager and not args: + obj = cls.__new__(cls, (), [], False) + else: + obj = cls.__new__(cls, *args) + + self.stack[-1] = obj + + +Unpickler.dispatch[pkl.NEWOBJ[0]] = load_newobj + + +def load_newobj_ex(self) -> None: + kwargs = self.stack.pop() + args = self.stack.pop() + cls = self.stack.pop() + + # compat + if issubclass(cls, Index): + obj = object.__new__(cls) + else: + obj = cls.__new__(cls, *args, **kwargs) + self.append(obj) + + +try: + Unpickler.dispatch[pkl.NEWOBJ_EX[0]] = load_newobj_ex +except (AttributeError, KeyError): + pass + + +def load(fh, encoding: str | None = None, is_verbose: bool = False): + """ + Load a pickle, with a provided encoding, + + Parameters + ---------- + fh : a filelike object + encoding : an optional encoding + is_verbose : show exception output + """ + try: + fh.seek(0) + if encoding is not None: + up = Unpickler(fh, encoding=encoding) + else: + up = Unpickler(fh) + # "Unpickler" has no attribute "is_verbose" [attr-defined] + up.is_verbose = is_verbose # type: ignore[attr-defined] + + return up.load() + except (ValueError, TypeError): + raise + + +def loads( + bytes_object: bytes, + *, + fix_imports: bool = True, + encoding: str = "ASCII", + errors: str = "strict", +): + """ + Analogous to pickle._loads. + """ + fd = io.BytesIO(bytes_object) + return Unpickler( + fd, fix_imports=fix_imports, encoding=encoding, errors=errors + ).load() + + +@contextlib.contextmanager +def patch_pickle() -> Generator[None, None, None]: + """ + Temporarily patch pickle to use our unpickler. + """ + orig_loads = pkl.loads + try: + setattr(pkl, "loads", loads) + yield + finally: + setattr(pkl, "loads", orig_loads) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pyarrow.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pyarrow.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a2dfa69bbf236b3df1e2963d50f3c9aca387d4e3 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/compat/pyarrow.py @@ -0,0 +1,27 @@ +""" support pyarrow compatibility across versions """ + +from __future__ import annotations + +from pandas.util.version import Version + +try: + import pyarrow as pa + + _palv = Version(Version(pa.__version__).base_version) + pa_version_under10p1 = _palv < Version("10.0.1") + pa_version_under11p0 = _palv < Version("11.0.0") + pa_version_under12p0 = _palv < Version("12.0.0") + pa_version_under13p0 = _palv < Version("13.0.0") + pa_version_under14p0 = _palv < Version("14.0.0") + pa_version_under14p1 = _palv < Version("14.0.1") + pa_version_under15p0 = _palv < Version("15.0.0") + pa_version_under16p0 = _palv < Version("16.0.0") +except ImportError: + pa_version_under10p1 = True + pa_version_under11p0 = True + pa_version_under12p0 = True + pa_version_under13p0 = True + pa_version_under14p0 = True + pa_version_under14p1 = True + pa_version_under15p0 = True + pa_version_under16p0 = True diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..c804b81c49e7c8abb406f2132909df6036df1c09 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,13 @@ +# ruff: noqa: TCH004 +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + # import modules that have public classes/functions + from pandas.io import ( + formats, + json, + stata, + ) + + # mark only those modules as public + __all__ = ["formats", "json", "stata"] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/_util.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/_util.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3b2ae5daffdbaf515a330a54a83e550751e29fdb --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/_util.py @@ -0,0 +1,34 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +from typing import Callable + +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency + +import pandas as pd + + +def _arrow_dtype_mapping() -> dict: + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + return { + pa.int8(): pd.Int8Dtype(), + pa.int16(): pd.Int16Dtype(), + pa.int32(): pd.Int32Dtype(), + pa.int64(): pd.Int64Dtype(), + pa.uint8(): pd.UInt8Dtype(), + pa.uint16(): pd.UInt16Dtype(), + pa.uint32(): pd.UInt32Dtype(), + pa.uint64(): pd.UInt64Dtype(), + pa.bool_(): pd.BooleanDtype(), + pa.string(): pd.StringDtype(), + pa.float32(): pd.Float32Dtype(), + pa.float64(): pd.Float64Dtype(), + } + + +def arrow_string_types_mapper() -> Callable: + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + + return { + pa.string(): pd.StringDtype(storage="pyarrow_numpy"), + pa.large_string(): pd.StringDtype(storage="pyarrow_numpy"), + }.get diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/api.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/api.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4e8b34a61dfc62992a37d9fab3263ee00a28d1fc --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/api.py @@ -0,0 +1,65 @@ +""" +Data IO api +""" + +from pandas.io.clipboards import read_clipboard +from pandas.io.excel import ( + ExcelFile, + ExcelWriter, + read_excel, +) +from pandas.io.feather_format import read_feather +from pandas.io.gbq import read_gbq +from pandas.io.html import read_html +from pandas.io.json import read_json +from pandas.io.orc import read_orc +from pandas.io.parquet import read_parquet +from pandas.io.parsers import ( + read_csv, + read_fwf, + read_table, +) +from pandas.io.pickle import ( + read_pickle, + to_pickle, +) +from pandas.io.pytables import ( + HDFStore, + read_hdf, +) +from pandas.io.sas import read_sas +from pandas.io.spss import read_spss +from pandas.io.sql import ( + read_sql, + read_sql_query, + read_sql_table, +) +from pandas.io.stata import read_stata +from pandas.io.xml import read_xml + +__all__ = [ + "ExcelFile", + "ExcelWriter", + "HDFStore", + "read_clipboard", + "read_csv", + "read_excel", + "read_feather", + "read_fwf", + "read_gbq", + "read_hdf", + "read_html", + "read_json", + "read_orc", + "read_parquet", + "read_pickle", + "read_sas", + "read_spss", + "read_sql", + "read_sql_query", + "read_sql_table", + "read_stata", + "read_table", + "read_xml", + "to_pickle", +] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/clipboards.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/clipboards.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a15e37328e9fa95587d53b58b1af10e1e57fd60c --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/clipboards.py @@ -0,0 +1,197 @@ +""" io on the clipboard """ +from __future__ import annotations + +from io import StringIO +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING +import warnings + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCDataFrame + +from pandas import ( + get_option, + option_context, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import DtypeBackend + + +def read_clipboard( + sep: str = r"\s+", + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + **kwargs, +): # pragma: no cover + r""" + Read text from clipboard and pass to :func:`~pandas.read_csv`. + + Parses clipboard contents similar to how CSV files are parsed + using :func:`~pandas.read_csv`. + + Parameters + ---------- + sep : str, default '\\s+' + A string or regex delimiter. The default of ``'\\s+'`` denotes + one or more whitespace characters. + + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + **kwargs + See :func:`~pandas.read_csv` for the full argument list. + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + A parsed :class:`~pandas.DataFrame` object. + + See Also + -------- + DataFrame.to_clipboard : Copy object to the system clipboard. + read_csv : Read a comma-separated values (csv) file into DataFrame. + read_fwf : Read a table of fixed-width formatted lines into DataFrame. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 3], [4, 5, 6]], columns=['A', 'B', 'C']) + >>> df.to_clipboard() # doctest: +SKIP + >>> pd.read_clipboard() # doctest: +SKIP + A B C + 0 1 2 3 + 1 4 5 6 + """ + encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", "utf-8") + + # only utf-8 is valid for passed value because that's what clipboard + # supports + if encoding is not None and encoding.lower().replace("-", "") != "utf8": + raise NotImplementedError("reading from clipboard only supports utf-8 encoding") + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + from pandas.io.clipboard import clipboard_get + from pandas.io.parsers import read_csv + + text = clipboard_get() + + # Try to decode (if needed, as "text" might already be a string here). + try: + text = text.decode(kwargs.get("encoding") or get_option("display.encoding")) + except AttributeError: + pass + + # Excel copies into clipboard with \t separation + # inspect no more then the 10 first lines, if they + # all contain an equal number (>0) of tabs, infer + # that this came from excel and set 'sep' accordingly + lines = text[:10000].split("\n")[:-1][:10] + + # Need to remove leading white space, since read_csv + # accepts: + # a b + # 0 1 2 + # 1 3 4 + + counts = {x.lstrip(" ").count("\t") for x in lines} + if len(lines) > 1 and len(counts) == 1 and counts.pop() != 0: + sep = "\t" + # check the number of leading tabs in the first line + # to account for index columns + index_length = len(lines[0]) - len(lines[0].lstrip(" \t")) + if index_length != 0: + kwargs.setdefault("index_col", list(range(index_length))) + + # Edge case where sep is specified to be None, return to default + if sep is None and kwargs.get("delim_whitespace") is None: + sep = r"\s+" + + # Regex separator currently only works with python engine. + # Default to python if separator is multi-character (regex) + if len(sep) > 1 and kwargs.get("engine") is None: + kwargs["engine"] = "python" + elif len(sep) > 1 and kwargs.get("engine") == "c": + warnings.warn( + "read_clipboard with regex separator does not work properly with c engine.", + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + return read_csv(StringIO(text), sep=sep, dtype_backend=dtype_backend, **kwargs) + + +def to_clipboard( + obj, excel: bool | None = True, sep: str | None = None, **kwargs +) -> None: # pragma: no cover + """ + Attempt to write text representation of object to the system clipboard + The clipboard can be then pasted into Excel for example. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : the object to write to the clipboard + excel : bool, defaults to True + if True, use the provided separator, writing in a csv + format for allowing easy pasting into excel. + if False, write a string representation of the object + to the clipboard + sep : optional, defaults to tab + other keywords are passed to to_csv + + Notes + ----- + Requirements for your platform + - Linux: xclip, or xsel (with PyQt4 modules) + - Windows: + - OS X: + """ + encoding = kwargs.pop("encoding", "utf-8") + + # testing if an invalid encoding is passed to clipboard + if encoding is not None and encoding.lower().replace("-", "") != "utf8": + raise ValueError("clipboard only supports utf-8 encoding") + + from pandas.io.clipboard import clipboard_set + + if excel is None: + excel = True + + if excel: + try: + if sep is None: + sep = "\t" + buf = StringIO() + + # clipboard_set (pyperclip) expects unicode + obj.to_csv(buf, sep=sep, encoding="utf-8", **kwargs) + text = buf.getvalue() + + clipboard_set(text) + return + except TypeError: + warnings.warn( + "to_clipboard in excel mode requires a single character separator.", + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + elif sep is not None: + warnings.warn( + "to_clipboard with excel=False ignores the sep argument.", + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + if isinstance(obj, ABCDataFrame): + # str(df) has various unhelpful defaults, like truncation + with option_context("display.max_colwidth", None): + objstr = obj.to_string(**kwargs) + else: + objstr = str(obj) + clipboard_set(objstr) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/common.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/common.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..72c9deeb54fc7aaab781b2870171cf983a47da1f --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/common.py @@ -0,0 +1,1267 @@ +"""Common IO api utilities""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from abc import ( + ABC, + abstractmethod, +) +import codecs +from collections import defaultdict +from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Mapping, + Sequence, +) +import dataclasses +import functools +import gzip +from io import ( + BufferedIOBase, + BytesIO, + RawIOBase, + StringIO, + TextIOBase, + TextIOWrapper, +) +import mmap +import os +from pathlib import Path +import re +import tarfile +from typing import ( + IO, + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + AnyStr, + DefaultDict, + Generic, + Literal, + TypeVar, + cast, + overload, +) +from urllib.parse import ( + urljoin, + urlparse as parse_url, + uses_netloc, + uses_params, + uses_relative, +) +import warnings +import zipfile + +from pandas._typing import ( + BaseBuffer, + ReadCsvBuffer, +) +from pandas.compat import ( + get_bz2_file, + get_lzma_file, +) +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import ( + is_bool, + is_file_like, + is_integer, + is_list_like, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ABCMultiIndex + +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +_VALID_URLS = set(uses_relative + uses_netloc + uses_params) +_VALID_URLS.discard("") +_RFC_3986_PATTERN = re.compile(r"^[A-Za-z][A-Za-z0-9+\-+.]*://") + +BaseBufferT = TypeVar("BaseBufferT", bound=BaseBuffer) + + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from types import TracebackType + + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionDict, + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import MultiIndex + + +@dataclasses.dataclass +class IOArgs: + """ + Return value of io/common.py:_get_filepath_or_buffer. + """ + + filepath_or_buffer: str | BaseBuffer + encoding: str + mode: str + compression: CompressionDict + should_close: bool = False + + +@dataclasses.dataclass +class IOHandles(Generic[AnyStr]): + """ + Return value of io/common.py:get_handle + + Can be used as a context manager. + + This is used to easily close created buffers and to handle corner cases when + TextIOWrapper is inserted. + + handle: The file handle to be used. + created_handles: All file handles that are created by get_handle + is_wrapped: Whether a TextIOWrapper needs to be detached. + """ + + # handle might not implement the IO-interface + handle: IO[AnyStr] + compression: CompressionDict + created_handles: list[IO[bytes] | IO[str]] = dataclasses.field(default_factory=list) + is_wrapped: bool = False + + def close(self) -> None: + """ + Close all created buffers. + + Note: If a TextIOWrapper was inserted, it is flushed and detached to + avoid closing the potentially user-created buffer. + """ + if self.is_wrapped: + assert isinstance(self.handle, TextIOWrapper) + self.handle.flush() + self.handle.detach() + self.created_handles.remove(self.handle) + for handle in self.created_handles: + handle.close() + self.created_handles = [] + self.is_wrapped = False + + def __enter__(self) -> IOHandles[AnyStr]: + return self + + def __exit__( + self, + exc_type: type[BaseException] | None, + exc_value: BaseException | None, + traceback: TracebackType | None, + ) -> None: + self.close() + + +def is_url(url: object) -> bool: + """ + Check to see if a URL has a valid protocol. + + Parameters + ---------- + url : str or unicode + + Returns + ------- + isurl : bool + If `url` has a valid protocol return True otherwise False. + """ + if not isinstance(url, str): + return False + return parse_url(url).scheme in _VALID_URLS + + +@overload +def _expand_user(filepath_or_buffer: str) -> str: + ... + + +@overload +def _expand_user(filepath_or_buffer: BaseBufferT) -> BaseBufferT: + ... + + +def _expand_user(filepath_or_buffer: str | BaseBufferT) -> str | BaseBufferT: + """ + Return the argument with an initial component of ~ or ~user + replaced by that user's home directory. + + Parameters + ---------- + filepath_or_buffer : object to be converted if possible + + Returns + ------- + expanded_filepath_or_buffer : an expanded filepath or the + input if not expandable + """ + if isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, str): + return os.path.expanduser(filepath_or_buffer) + return filepath_or_buffer + + +def validate_header_arg(header: object) -> None: + if header is None: + return + if is_integer(header): + header = cast(int, header) + if header < 0: + # GH 27779 + raise ValueError( + "Passing negative integer to header is invalid. " + "For no header, use header=None instead" + ) + return + if is_list_like(header, allow_sets=False): + header = cast(Sequence, header) + if not all(map(is_integer, header)): + raise ValueError("header must be integer or list of integers") + if any(i < 0 for i in header): + raise ValueError("cannot specify multi-index header with negative integers") + return + if is_bool(header): + raise TypeError( + "Passing a bool to header is invalid. Use header=None for no header or " + "header=int or list-like of ints to specify " + "the row(s) making up the column names" + ) + # GH 16338 + raise ValueError("header must be integer or list of integers") + + +@overload +def stringify_path(filepath_or_buffer: FilePath, convert_file_like: bool = ...) -> str: + ... + + +@overload +def stringify_path( + filepath_or_buffer: BaseBufferT, convert_file_like: bool = ... +) -> BaseBufferT: + ... + + +def stringify_path( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | BaseBufferT, + convert_file_like: bool = False, +) -> str | BaseBufferT: + """ + Attempt to convert a path-like object to a string. + + Parameters + ---------- + filepath_or_buffer : object to be converted + + Returns + ------- + str_filepath_or_buffer : maybe a string version of the object + + Notes + ----- + Objects supporting the fspath protocol are coerced + according to its __fspath__ method. + + Any other object is passed through unchanged, which includes bytes, + strings, buffers, or anything else that's not even path-like. + """ + if not convert_file_like and is_file_like(filepath_or_buffer): + # GH 38125: some fsspec objects implement os.PathLike but have already opened a + # file. This prevents opening the file a second time. infer_compression calls + # this function with convert_file_like=True to infer the compression. + return cast(BaseBufferT, filepath_or_buffer) + + if isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, os.PathLike): + filepath_or_buffer = filepath_or_buffer.__fspath__() + return _expand_user(filepath_or_buffer) + + +def urlopen(*args, **kwargs): + """ + Lazy-import wrapper for stdlib urlopen, as that imports a big chunk of + the stdlib. + """ + import urllib.request + + return urllib.request.urlopen(*args, **kwargs) + + +def is_fsspec_url(url: FilePath | BaseBuffer) -> bool: + """ + Returns true if the given URL looks like + something fsspec can handle + """ + return ( + isinstance(url, str) + and bool(_RFC_3986_PATTERN.match(url)) + and not url.startswith(("http://", "https://")) + ) + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "filepath_or_buffer", +) +def _get_filepath_or_buffer( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + encoding: str = "utf-8", + compression: CompressionOptions | None = None, + mode: str = "r", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, +) -> IOArgs: + """ + If the filepath_or_buffer is a url, translate and return the buffer. + Otherwise passthrough. + + Parameters + ---------- + filepath_or_buffer : a url, filepath (str, py.path.local or pathlib.Path), + or buffer + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + encoding : the encoding to use to decode bytes, default is 'utf-8' + mode : str, optional + + {storage_options} + + + Returns the dataclass IOArgs. + """ + filepath_or_buffer = stringify_path(filepath_or_buffer) + + # handle compression dict + compression_method, compression = get_compression_method(compression) + compression_method = infer_compression(filepath_or_buffer, compression_method) + + # GH21227 internal compression is not used for non-binary handles. + if compression_method and hasattr(filepath_or_buffer, "write") and "b" not in mode: + warnings.warn( + "compression has no effect when passing a non-binary object as input.", + RuntimeWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + compression_method = None + + compression = dict(compression, method=compression_method) + + # bz2 and xz do not write the byte order mark for utf-16 and utf-32 + # print a warning when writing such files + if ( + "w" in mode + and compression_method in ["bz2", "xz"] + and encoding in ["utf-16", "utf-32"] + ): + warnings.warn( + f"{compression} will not write the byte order mark for {encoding}", + UnicodeWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + # Use binary mode when converting path-like objects to file-like objects (fsspec) + # except when text mode is explicitly requested. The original mode is returned if + # fsspec is not used. + fsspec_mode = mode + if "t" not in fsspec_mode and "b" not in fsspec_mode: + fsspec_mode += "b" + + if isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, str) and is_url(filepath_or_buffer): + # TODO: fsspec can also handle HTTP via requests, but leaving this + # unchanged. using fsspec appears to break the ability to infer if the + # server responded with gzipped data + storage_options = storage_options or {} + + # waiting until now for importing to match intended lazy logic of + # urlopen function defined elsewhere in this module + import urllib.request + + # assuming storage_options is to be interpreted as headers + req_info = urllib.request.Request(filepath_or_buffer, headers=storage_options) + with urlopen(req_info) as req: + content_encoding = req.headers.get("Content-Encoding", None) + if content_encoding == "gzip": + # Override compression based on Content-Encoding header + compression = {"method": "gzip"} + reader = BytesIO(req.read()) + return IOArgs( + filepath_or_buffer=reader, + encoding=encoding, + compression=compression, + should_close=True, + mode=fsspec_mode, + ) + + if is_fsspec_url(filepath_or_buffer): + assert isinstance( + filepath_or_buffer, str + ) # just to appease mypy for this branch + # two special-case s3-like protocols; these have special meaning in Hadoop, + # but are equivalent to just "s3" from fsspec's point of view + # cc #11071 + if filepath_or_buffer.startswith("s3a://"): + filepath_or_buffer = filepath_or_buffer.replace("s3a://", "s3://") + if filepath_or_buffer.startswith("s3n://"): + filepath_or_buffer = filepath_or_buffer.replace("s3n://", "s3://") + fsspec = import_optional_dependency("fsspec") + + # If botocore is installed we fallback to reading with anon=True + # to allow reads from public buckets + err_types_to_retry_with_anon: list[Any] = [] + try: + import_optional_dependency("botocore") + from botocore.exceptions import ( + ClientError, + NoCredentialsError, + ) + + err_types_to_retry_with_anon = [ + ClientError, + NoCredentialsError, + PermissionError, + ] + except ImportError: + pass + + try: + file_obj = fsspec.open( + filepath_or_buffer, mode=fsspec_mode, **(storage_options or {}) + ).open() + # GH 34626 Reads from Public Buckets without Credentials needs anon=True + except tuple(err_types_to_retry_with_anon): + if storage_options is None: + storage_options = {"anon": True} + else: + # don't mutate user input. + storage_options = dict(storage_options) + storage_options["anon"] = True + file_obj = fsspec.open( + filepath_or_buffer, mode=fsspec_mode, **(storage_options or {}) + ).open() + + return IOArgs( + filepath_or_buffer=file_obj, + encoding=encoding, + compression=compression, + should_close=True, + mode=fsspec_mode, + ) + elif storage_options: + raise ValueError( + "storage_options passed with file object or non-fsspec file path" + ) + + if isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, (str, bytes, mmap.mmap)): + return IOArgs( + filepath_or_buffer=_expand_user(filepath_or_buffer), + encoding=encoding, + compression=compression, + should_close=False, + mode=mode, + ) + + # is_file_like requires (read | write) & __iter__ but __iter__ is only + # needed for read_csv(engine=python) + if not ( + hasattr(filepath_or_buffer, "read") or hasattr(filepath_or_buffer, "write") + ): + msg = f"Invalid file path or buffer object type: {type(filepath_or_buffer)}" + raise ValueError(msg) + + return IOArgs( + filepath_or_buffer=filepath_or_buffer, + encoding=encoding, + compression=compression, + should_close=False, + mode=mode, + ) + + +def file_path_to_url(path: str) -> str: + """ + converts an absolute native path to a FILE URL. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : a path in native format + + Returns + ------- + a valid FILE URL + """ + # lazify expensive import (~30ms) + from urllib.request import pathname2url + + return urljoin("file:", pathname2url(path)) + + +extension_to_compression = { + ".tar": "tar", + ".tar.gz": "tar", + ".tar.bz2": "tar", + ".tar.xz": "tar", + ".gz": "gzip", + ".bz2": "bz2", + ".zip": "zip", + ".xz": "xz", + ".zst": "zstd", +} +_supported_compressions = set(extension_to_compression.values()) + + +def get_compression_method( + compression: CompressionOptions, +) -> tuple[str | None, CompressionDict]: + """ + Simplifies a compression argument to a compression method string and + a mapping containing additional arguments. + + Parameters + ---------- + compression : str or mapping + If string, specifies the compression method. If mapping, value at key + 'method' specifies compression method. + + Returns + ------- + tuple of ({compression method}, Optional[str] + {compression arguments}, Dict[str, Any]) + + Raises + ------ + ValueError on mapping missing 'method' key + """ + compression_method: str | None + if isinstance(compression, Mapping): + compression_args = dict(compression) + try: + compression_method = compression_args.pop("method") + except KeyError as err: + raise ValueError("If mapping, compression must have key 'method'") from err + else: + compression_args = {} + compression_method = compression + return compression_method, compression_args + + +@doc(compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "filepath_or_buffer") +def infer_compression( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | BaseBuffer, compression: str | None +) -> str | None: + """ + Get the compression method for filepath_or_buffer. If compression='infer', + the inferred compression method is returned. Otherwise, the input + compression method is returned unchanged, unless it's invalid, in which + case an error is raised. + + Parameters + ---------- + filepath_or_buffer : str or file handle + File path or object. + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + Returns + ------- + string or None + + Raises + ------ + ValueError on invalid compression specified. + """ + if compression is None: + return None + + # Infer compression + if compression == "infer": + # Convert all path types (e.g. pathlib.Path) to strings + filepath_or_buffer = stringify_path(filepath_or_buffer, convert_file_like=True) + if not isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, str): + # Cannot infer compression of a buffer, assume no compression + return None + + # Infer compression from the filename/URL extension + for extension, compression in extension_to_compression.items(): + if filepath_or_buffer.lower().endswith(extension): + return compression + return None + + # Compression has been specified. Check that it's valid + if compression in _supported_compressions: + return compression + + valid = ["infer", None] + sorted(_supported_compressions) + msg = ( + f"Unrecognized compression type: {compression}\n" + f"Valid compression types are {valid}" + ) + raise ValueError(msg) + + +def check_parent_directory(path: Path | str) -> None: + """ + Check if parent directory of a file exists, raise OSError if it does not + + Parameters + ---------- + path: Path or str + Path to check parent directory of + """ + parent = Path(path).parent + if not parent.is_dir(): + raise OSError(rf"Cannot save file into a non-existent directory: '{parent}'") + + +@overload +def get_handle( + path_or_buf: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + mode: str, + *, + encoding: str | None = ..., + compression: CompressionOptions = ..., + memory_map: bool = ..., + is_text: Literal[False], + errors: str | None = ..., + storage_options: StorageOptions = ..., +) -> IOHandles[bytes]: + ... + + +@overload +def get_handle( + path_or_buf: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + mode: str, + *, + encoding: str | None = ..., + compression: CompressionOptions = ..., + memory_map: bool = ..., + is_text: Literal[True] = ..., + errors: str | None = ..., + storage_options: StorageOptions = ..., +) -> IOHandles[str]: + ... + + +@overload +def get_handle( + path_or_buf: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + mode: str, + *, + encoding: str | None = ..., + compression: CompressionOptions = ..., + memory_map: bool = ..., + is_text: bool = ..., + errors: str | None = ..., + storage_options: StorageOptions = ..., +) -> IOHandles[str] | IOHandles[bytes]: + ... + + +@doc(compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "path_or_buf") +def get_handle( + path_or_buf: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + mode: str, + *, + encoding: str | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions | None = None, + memory_map: bool = False, + is_text: bool = True, + errors: str | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, +) -> IOHandles[str] | IOHandles[bytes]: + """ + Get file handle for given path/buffer and mode. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_buf : str or file handle + File path or object. + mode : str + Mode to open path_or_buf with. + encoding : str or None + Encoding to use. + {compression_options} + + May be a dict with key 'method' as compression mode + and other keys as compression options if compression + mode is 'zip'. + + Passing compression options as keys in dict is + supported for compression modes 'gzip', 'bz2', 'zstd' and 'zip'. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + memory_map : bool, default False + See parsers._parser_params for more information. Only used by read_csv. + is_text : bool, default True + Whether the type of the content passed to the file/buffer is string or + bytes. This is not the same as `"b" not in mode`. If a string content is + passed to a binary file/buffer, a wrapper is inserted. + errors : str, default 'strict' + Specifies how encoding and decoding errors are to be handled. + See the errors argument for :func:`open` for a full list + of options. + storage_options: StorageOptions = None + Passed to _get_filepath_or_buffer + + Returns the dataclass IOHandles + """ + # Windows does not default to utf-8. Set to utf-8 for a consistent behavior + encoding = encoding or "utf-8" + + errors = errors or "strict" + + # read_csv does not know whether the buffer is opened in binary/text mode + if _is_binary_mode(path_or_buf, mode) and "b" not in mode: + mode += "b" + + # validate encoding and errors + codecs.lookup(encoding) + if isinstance(errors, str): + codecs.lookup_error(errors) + + # open URLs + ioargs = _get_filepath_or_buffer( + path_or_buf, + encoding=encoding, + compression=compression, + mode=mode, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) + + handle = ioargs.filepath_or_buffer + handles: list[BaseBuffer] + + # memory mapping needs to be the first step + # only used for read_csv + handle, memory_map, handles = _maybe_memory_map(handle, memory_map) + + is_path = isinstance(handle, str) + compression_args = dict(ioargs.compression) + compression = compression_args.pop("method") + + # Only for write methods + if "r" not in mode and is_path: + check_parent_directory(str(handle)) + + if compression: + if compression != "zstd": + # compression libraries do not like an explicit text-mode + ioargs.mode = ioargs.mode.replace("t", "") + elif compression == "zstd" and "b" not in ioargs.mode: + # python-zstandard defaults to text mode, but we always expect + # compression libraries to use binary mode. + ioargs.mode += "b" + + # GZ Compression + if compression == "gzip": + if isinstance(handle, str): + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type + # "GzipFile", variable has type "Union[str, BaseBuffer]") + handle = gzip.GzipFile( # type: ignore[assignment] + filename=handle, + mode=ioargs.mode, + **compression_args, + ) + else: + handle = gzip.GzipFile( + # No overload variant of "GzipFile" matches argument types + # "Union[str, BaseBuffer]", "str", "Dict[str, Any]" + fileobj=handle, # type: ignore[call-overload] + mode=ioargs.mode, + **compression_args, + ) + + # BZ Compression + elif compression == "bz2": + # Overload of "BZ2File" to handle pickle protocol 5 + # "Union[str, BaseBuffer]", "str", "Dict[str, Any]" + handle = get_bz2_file()( # type: ignore[call-overload] + handle, + mode=ioargs.mode, + **compression_args, + ) + + # ZIP Compression + elif compression == "zip": + # error: Argument 1 to "_BytesZipFile" has incompatible type + # "Union[str, BaseBuffer]"; expected "Union[Union[str, PathLike[str]], + # ReadBuffer[bytes], WriteBuffer[bytes]]" + handle = _BytesZipFile( + handle, ioargs.mode, **compression_args # type: ignore[arg-type] + ) + if handle.buffer.mode == "r": + handles.append(handle) + zip_names = handle.buffer.namelist() + if len(zip_names) == 1: + handle = handle.buffer.open(zip_names.pop()) + elif not zip_names: + raise ValueError(f"Zero files found in ZIP file {path_or_buf}") + else: + raise ValueError( + "Multiple files found in ZIP file. " + f"Only one file per ZIP: {zip_names}" + ) + + # TAR Encoding + elif compression == "tar": + compression_args.setdefault("mode", ioargs.mode) + if isinstance(handle, str): + handle = _BytesTarFile(name=handle, **compression_args) + else: + # error: Argument "fileobj" to "_BytesTarFile" has incompatible + # type "BaseBuffer"; expected "Union[ReadBuffer[bytes], + # WriteBuffer[bytes], None]" + handle = _BytesTarFile( + fileobj=handle, **compression_args # type: ignore[arg-type] + ) + assert isinstance(handle, _BytesTarFile) + if "r" in handle.buffer.mode: + handles.append(handle) + files = handle.buffer.getnames() + if len(files) == 1: + file = handle.buffer.extractfile(files[0]) + assert file is not None + handle = file + elif not files: + raise ValueError(f"Zero files found in TAR archive {path_or_buf}") + else: + raise ValueError( + "Multiple files found in TAR archive. " + f"Only one file per TAR archive: {files}" + ) + + # XZ Compression + elif compression == "xz": + # error: Argument 1 to "LZMAFile" has incompatible type "Union[str, + # BaseBuffer]"; expected "Optional[Union[Union[str, bytes, PathLike[str], + # PathLike[bytes]], IO[bytes]], None]" + handle = get_lzma_file()( + handle, ioargs.mode, **compression_args # type: ignore[arg-type] + ) + + # Zstd Compression + elif compression == "zstd": + zstd = import_optional_dependency("zstandard") + if "r" in ioargs.mode: + open_args = {"dctx": zstd.ZstdDecompressor(**compression_args)} + else: + open_args = {"cctx": zstd.ZstdCompressor(**compression_args)} + handle = zstd.open( + handle, + mode=ioargs.mode, + **open_args, + ) + + # Unrecognized Compression + else: + msg = f"Unrecognized compression type: {compression}" + raise ValueError(msg) + + assert not isinstance(handle, str) + handles.append(handle) + + elif isinstance(handle, str): + # Check whether the filename is to be opened in binary mode. + # Binary mode does not support 'encoding' and 'newline'. + if ioargs.encoding and "b" not in ioargs.mode: + # Encoding + handle = open( + handle, + ioargs.mode, + encoding=ioargs.encoding, + errors=errors, + newline="", + ) + else: + # Binary mode + handle = open(handle, ioargs.mode) + handles.append(handle) + + # Convert BytesIO or file objects passed with an encoding + is_wrapped = False + if not is_text and ioargs.mode == "rb" and isinstance(handle, TextIOBase): + # not added to handles as it does not open/buffer resources + handle = _BytesIOWrapper( + handle, + encoding=ioargs.encoding, + ) + elif is_text and ( + compression or memory_map or _is_binary_mode(handle, ioargs.mode) + ): + if ( + not hasattr(handle, "readable") + or not hasattr(handle, "writable") + or not hasattr(handle, "seekable") + ): + handle = _IOWrapper(handle) + # error: Argument 1 to "TextIOWrapper" has incompatible type + # "_IOWrapper"; expected "IO[bytes]" + handle = TextIOWrapper( + handle, # type: ignore[arg-type] + encoding=ioargs.encoding, + errors=errors, + newline="", + ) + handles.append(handle) + # only marked as wrapped when the caller provided a handle + is_wrapped = not ( + isinstance(ioargs.filepath_or_buffer, str) or ioargs.should_close + ) + + if "r" in ioargs.mode and not hasattr(handle, "read"): + raise TypeError( + "Expected file path name or file-like object, " + f"got {type(ioargs.filepath_or_buffer)} type" + ) + + handles.reverse() # close the most recently added buffer first + if ioargs.should_close: + assert not isinstance(ioargs.filepath_or_buffer, str) + handles.append(ioargs.filepath_or_buffer) + + return IOHandles( + # error: Argument "handle" to "IOHandles" has incompatible type + # "Union[TextIOWrapper, GzipFile, BaseBuffer, typing.IO[bytes], + # typing.IO[Any]]"; expected "pandas._typing.IO[Any]" + handle=handle, # type: ignore[arg-type] + # error: Argument "created_handles" to "IOHandles" has incompatible type + # "List[BaseBuffer]"; expected "List[Union[IO[bytes], IO[str]]]" + created_handles=handles, # type: ignore[arg-type] + is_wrapped=is_wrapped, + compression=ioargs.compression, + ) + + +# error: Definition of "__enter__" in base class "IOBase" is incompatible +# with definition in base class "BinaryIO" +class _BufferedWriter(BytesIO, ABC): # type: ignore[misc] + """ + Some objects do not support multiple .write() calls (TarFile and ZipFile). + This wrapper writes to the underlying buffer on close. + """ + + buffer = BytesIO() + + @abstractmethod + def write_to_buffer(self) -> None: + ... + + def close(self) -> None: + if self.closed: + # already closed + return + if self.getbuffer().nbytes: + # write to buffer + self.seek(0) + with self.buffer: + self.write_to_buffer() + else: + self.buffer.close() + super().close() + + +class _BytesTarFile(_BufferedWriter): + def __init__( + self, + name: str | None = None, + mode: Literal["r", "a", "w", "x"] = "r", + fileobj: ReadBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[bytes] | None = None, + archive_name: str | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + super().__init__() + self.archive_name = archive_name + self.name = name + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "TarFile", + # base class "_BufferedWriter" defined the type as "BytesIO") + self.buffer: tarfile.TarFile = tarfile.TarFile.open( # type: ignore[assignment] + name=name, + mode=self.extend_mode(mode), + fileobj=fileobj, + **kwargs, + ) + + def extend_mode(self, mode: str) -> str: + mode = mode.replace("b", "") + if mode != "w": + return mode + if self.name is not None: + suffix = Path(self.name).suffix + if suffix in (".gz", ".xz", ".bz2"): + mode = f"{mode}:{suffix[1:]}" + return mode + + def infer_filename(self) -> str | None: + """ + If an explicit archive_name is not given, we still want the file inside the zip + file not to be named something.tar, because that causes confusion (GH39465). + """ + if self.name is None: + return None + + filename = Path(self.name) + if filename.suffix == ".tar": + return filename.with_suffix("").name + elif filename.suffix in (".tar.gz", ".tar.bz2", ".tar.xz"): + return filename.with_suffix("").with_suffix("").name + return filename.name + + def write_to_buffer(self) -> None: + # TarFile needs a non-empty string + archive_name = self.archive_name or self.infer_filename() or "tar" + tarinfo = tarfile.TarInfo(name=archive_name) + tarinfo.size = len(self.getvalue()) + self.buffer.addfile(tarinfo, self) + + +class _BytesZipFile(_BufferedWriter): + def __init__( + self, + file: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[bytes], + mode: str, + archive_name: str | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + super().__init__() + mode = mode.replace("b", "") + self.archive_name = archive_name + + kwargs.setdefault("compression", zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED) + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type "ZipFile", + # base class "_BufferedWriter" defined the type as "BytesIO") + self.buffer: zipfile.ZipFile = zipfile.ZipFile( # type: ignore[assignment] + file, mode, **kwargs + ) + + def infer_filename(self) -> str | None: + """ + If an explicit archive_name is not given, we still want the file inside the zip + file not to be named something.zip, because that causes confusion (GH39465). + """ + if isinstance(self.buffer.filename, (os.PathLike, str)): + filename = Path(self.buffer.filename) + if filename.suffix == ".zip": + return filename.with_suffix("").name + return filename.name + return None + + def write_to_buffer(self) -> None: + # ZipFile needs a non-empty string + archive_name = self.archive_name or self.infer_filename() or "zip" + self.buffer.writestr(archive_name, self.getvalue()) + + +class _IOWrapper: + # TextIOWrapper is overly strict: it request that the buffer has seekable, readable, + # and writable. If we have a read-only buffer, we shouldn't need writable and vice + # versa. Some buffers, are seek/read/writ-able but they do not have the "-able" + # methods, e.g., tempfile.SpooledTemporaryFile. + # If a buffer does not have the above "-able" methods, we simple assume they are + # seek/read/writ-able. + def __init__(self, buffer: BaseBuffer) -> None: + self.buffer = buffer + + def __getattr__(self, name: str): + return getattr(self.buffer, name) + + def readable(self) -> bool: + if hasattr(self.buffer, "readable"): + return self.buffer.readable() + return True + + def seekable(self) -> bool: + if hasattr(self.buffer, "seekable"): + return self.buffer.seekable() + return True + + def writable(self) -> bool: + if hasattr(self.buffer, "writable"): + return self.buffer.writable() + return True + + +class _BytesIOWrapper: + # Wrapper that wraps a StringIO buffer and reads bytes from it + # Created for compat with pyarrow read_csv + def __init__(self, buffer: StringIO | TextIOBase, encoding: str = "utf-8") -> None: + self.buffer = buffer + self.encoding = encoding + # Because a character can be represented by more than 1 byte, + # it is possible that reading will produce more bytes than n + # We store the extra bytes in this overflow variable, and append the + # overflow to the front of the bytestring the next time reading is performed + self.overflow = b"" + + def __getattr__(self, attr: str): + return getattr(self.buffer, attr) + + def read(self, n: int | None = -1) -> bytes: + assert self.buffer is not None + bytestring = self.buffer.read(n).encode(self.encoding) + # When n=-1/n greater than remaining bytes: Read entire file/rest of file + combined_bytestring = self.overflow + bytestring + if n is None or n < 0 or n >= len(combined_bytestring): + self.overflow = b"" + return combined_bytestring + else: + to_return = combined_bytestring[:n] + self.overflow = combined_bytestring[n:] + return to_return + + +def _maybe_memory_map( + handle: str | BaseBuffer, memory_map: bool +) -> tuple[str | BaseBuffer, bool, list[BaseBuffer]]: + """Try to memory map file/buffer.""" + handles: list[BaseBuffer] = [] + memory_map &= hasattr(handle, "fileno") or isinstance(handle, str) + if not memory_map: + return handle, memory_map, handles + + # mmap used by only read_csv + handle = cast(ReadCsvBuffer, handle) + + # need to open the file first + if isinstance(handle, str): + handle = open(handle, "rb") + handles.append(handle) + + try: + # open mmap and adds *-able + # error: Argument 1 to "_IOWrapper" has incompatible type "mmap"; + # expected "BaseBuffer" + wrapped = _IOWrapper( + mmap.mmap( + handle.fileno(), 0, access=mmap.ACCESS_READ # type: ignore[arg-type] + ) + ) + finally: + for handle in reversed(handles): + # error: "BaseBuffer" has no attribute "close" + handle.close() # type: ignore[attr-defined] + + return wrapped, memory_map, [wrapped] + + +def file_exists(filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | BaseBuffer) -> bool: + """Test whether file exists.""" + exists = False + filepath_or_buffer = stringify_path(filepath_or_buffer) + if not isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, str): + return exists + try: + exists = os.path.exists(filepath_or_buffer) + # gh-5874: if the filepath is too long will raise here + except (TypeError, ValueError): + pass + return exists + + +def _is_binary_mode(handle: FilePath | BaseBuffer, mode: str) -> bool: + """Whether the handle is opened in binary mode""" + # specified by user + if "t" in mode or "b" in mode: + return "b" in mode + + # exceptions + text_classes = ( + # classes that expect string but have 'b' in mode + codecs.StreamWriter, + codecs.StreamReader, + codecs.StreamReaderWriter, + ) + if issubclass(type(handle), text_classes): + return False + + return isinstance(handle, _get_binary_io_classes()) or "b" in getattr( + handle, "mode", mode + ) + + +@functools.lru_cache +def _get_binary_io_classes() -> tuple[type, ...]: + """IO classes that that expect bytes""" + binary_classes: tuple[type, ...] = (BufferedIOBase, RawIOBase) + + # python-zstandard doesn't use any of the builtin base classes; instead we + # have to use the `zstd.ZstdDecompressionReader` class for isinstance checks. + # Unfortunately `zstd.ZstdDecompressionReader` isn't exposed by python-zstandard + # so we have to get it from a `zstd.ZstdDecompressor` instance. + # See also https://github.com/indygreg/python-zstandard/pull/165. + zstd = import_optional_dependency("zstandard", errors="ignore") + if zstd is not None: + with zstd.ZstdDecompressor().stream_reader(b"") as reader: + binary_classes += (type(reader),) + + return binary_classes + + +def is_potential_multi_index( + columns: Sequence[Hashable] | MultiIndex, + index_col: bool | Sequence[int] | None = None, +) -> bool: + """ + Check whether or not the `columns` parameter + could be converted into a MultiIndex. + + Parameters + ---------- + columns : array-like + Object which may or may not be convertible into a MultiIndex + index_col : None, bool or list, optional + Column or columns to use as the (possibly hierarchical) index + + Returns + ------- + bool : Whether or not columns could become a MultiIndex + """ + if index_col is None or isinstance(index_col, bool): + index_col = [] + + return bool( + len(columns) + and not isinstance(columns, ABCMultiIndex) + and all(isinstance(c, tuple) for c in columns if c not in list(index_col)) + ) + + +def dedup_names( + names: Sequence[Hashable], is_potential_multiindex: bool +) -> Sequence[Hashable]: + """ + Rename column names if duplicates exist. + + Currently the renaming is done by appending a period and an autonumeric, + but a custom pattern may be supported in the future. + + Examples + -------- + >>> dedup_names(["x", "y", "x", "x"], is_potential_multiindex=False) + ['x', 'y', 'x.1', 'x.2'] + """ + names = list(names) # so we can index + counts: DefaultDict[Hashable, int] = defaultdict(int) + + for i, col in enumerate(names): + cur_count = counts[col] + + while cur_count > 0: + counts[col] = cur_count + 1 + + if is_potential_multiindex: + # for mypy + assert isinstance(col, tuple) + col = col[:-1] + (f"{col[-1]}.{cur_count}",) + else: + col = f"{col}.{cur_count}" + cur_count = counts[col] + + names[i] = col + counts[col] = cur_count + 1 + + return names diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/feather_format.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/feather_format.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..d0aaf83b84cb241ebdd872c1c8b7982fadc9acdb --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/feather_format.py @@ -0,0 +1,143 @@ +""" feather-format compat """ +from __future__ import annotations + +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, +) + +from pandas._config import using_pyarrow_string_dtype + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +import pandas as pd +from pandas.core.api import DataFrame +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io._util import arrow_string_types_mapper +from pandas.io.common import get_handle + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Sequence, + ) + + from pandas._typing import ( + DtypeBackend, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + +@doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) +def to_feather( + df: DataFrame, + path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + **kwargs: Any, +) -> None: + """ + Write a DataFrame to the binary Feather format. + + Parameters + ---------- + df : DataFrame + path : str, path object, or file-like object + {storage_options} + **kwargs : + Additional keywords passed to `pyarrow.feather.write_feather`. + + """ + import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + from pyarrow import feather + + if not isinstance(df, DataFrame): + raise ValueError("feather only support IO with DataFrames") + + with get_handle( + path, "wb", storage_options=storage_options, is_text=False + ) as handles: + feather.write_feather(df, handles.handle, **kwargs) + + +@doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) +def read_feather( + path: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes], + columns: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + use_threads: bool = True, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Load a feather-format object from the file path. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``read()`` function. The string could be a URL. + Valid URL schemes include http, ftp, s3, and file. For file URLs, a host is + expected. A local file could be: ``file://localhost/path/to/table.feather``. + columns : sequence, default None + If not provided, all columns are read. + use_threads : bool, default True + Whether to parallelize reading using multiple threads. + {storage_options} + + dtype_backend : {{'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + type of object stored in file + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.read_feather("path/to/file.feather") # doctest: +SKIP + """ + import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + from pyarrow import feather + + # import utils to register the pyarrow extension types + import pandas.core.arrays.arrow.extension_types # pyright: ignore[reportUnusedImport] # noqa: F401 + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + with get_handle( + path, "rb", storage_options=storage_options, is_text=False + ) as handles: + if dtype_backend is lib.no_default and not using_pyarrow_string_dtype(): + return feather.read_feather( + handles.handle, columns=columns, use_threads=bool(use_threads) + ) + + pa_table = feather.read_table( + handles.handle, columns=columns, use_threads=bool(use_threads) + ) + + if dtype_backend == "numpy_nullable": + from pandas.io._util import _arrow_dtype_mapping + + return pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=_arrow_dtype_mapping().get) + + elif dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + return pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=pd.ArrowDtype) + + elif using_pyarrow_string_dtype(): + return pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=arrow_string_types_mapper()) + else: + raise NotImplementedError diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5e56b1bc7ba4377cc5de9d68a1424524aef21cb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,9 @@ +# ruff: noqa: TCH004 +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + # import modules that have public classes/functions + from pandas.io.formats import style + + # and mark only those modules as public + __all__ = ["style"] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5a360c48d22b80483ce16b4e80c89864bca32dc6 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/_color_data.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/_color_data.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b345679e8adb961d23f48e9f5da94939f6ef0eb5 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/_color_data.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/console.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/console.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..a3569435d455dc8c3de67b678f88ebf4543993f1 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/console.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/css.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/css.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fa73ccd312d04852b99543090ea04900de713366 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/css.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/csvs.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/csvs.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..1a1382fbf93dc797f78064c6000ff2a215cb0361 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/csvs.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/excel.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/excel.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..583f5392343ac56e82a2e2b9fcba77c7159ec102 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/excel.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/format.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/format.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..bb77fe9900a01d823379889f5826577f2d1a06b0 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/format.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/html.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/html.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0cf0c3f2d01536e8b5cef76e0acce0d78894f036 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/html.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/info.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/info.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5ac6c853d2b414db66ab3c9322ca36ec262c37fb Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/info.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/printing.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/printing.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..38218666a2dad373fa3858c42c4a76460e862e14 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/printing.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/string.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/string.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cfb24410dc895711b0de82c3954efea8cc39f80a Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/string.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..28d4a87f389962a0f54705eb1a45f226fa5c6100 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style_render.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style_render.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5cd07f6c017235e1e207c35c1a06544e0c5cabb9 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/style_render.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/xml.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/xml.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ddb0b2c5a8df092e0390d3adc0df4d695baf4762 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/__pycache__/xml.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/_color_data.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/_color_data.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2e7cb7f29646eb11c0ec83d8a909a8cfd7953182 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/_color_data.py @@ -0,0 +1,157 @@ +# GH37967: Enable the use of CSS named colors, as defined in +# matplotlib.colors.CSS4_COLORS, when exporting to Excel. +# This data has been copied here, instead of being imported from matplotlib, +# not to have ``to_excel`` methods require matplotlib. +# source: matplotlib._color_data (3.3.3) +from __future__ import annotations + +CSS4_COLORS = { + "aliceblue": "F0F8FF", + "antiquewhite": "FAEBD7", + "aqua": "00FFFF", + "aquamarine": "7FFFD4", + "azure": "F0FFFF", + "beige": "F5F5DC", + "bisque": "FFE4C4", + "black": "000000", + "blanchedalmond": "FFEBCD", + "blue": "0000FF", + "blueviolet": "8A2BE2", + "brown": "A52A2A", + "burlywood": "DEB887", + "cadetblue": "5F9EA0", + "chartreuse": "7FFF00", + "chocolate": "D2691E", + "coral": "FF7F50", + "cornflowerblue": "6495ED", + "cornsilk": "FFF8DC", + "crimson": "DC143C", + "cyan": "00FFFF", + "darkblue": "00008B", + "darkcyan": "008B8B", + "darkgoldenrod": "B8860B", + "darkgray": "A9A9A9", + "darkgreen": "006400", + "darkgrey": "A9A9A9", + "darkkhaki": "BDB76B", + "darkmagenta": "8B008B", + "darkolivegreen": "556B2F", + "darkorange": "FF8C00", + "darkorchid": "9932CC", + "darkred": "8B0000", + "darksalmon": "E9967A", + "darkseagreen": "8FBC8F", + "darkslateblue": "483D8B", + "darkslategray": "2F4F4F", + "darkslategrey": "2F4F4F", + "darkturquoise": "00CED1", + "darkviolet": "9400D3", + "deeppink": "FF1493", + "deepskyblue": "00BFFF", + "dimgray": "696969", + "dimgrey": "696969", + "dodgerblue": "1E90FF", + "firebrick": "B22222", + "floralwhite": "FFFAF0", + "forestgreen": "228B22", + "fuchsia": "FF00FF", + "gainsboro": "DCDCDC", + "ghostwhite": "F8F8FF", + "gold": "FFD700", + "goldenrod": "DAA520", + "gray": "808080", + "green": "008000", + "greenyellow": "ADFF2F", + "grey": "808080", + "honeydew": "F0FFF0", + "hotpink": "FF69B4", + "indianred": "CD5C5C", + "indigo": "4B0082", + "ivory": "FFFFF0", + "khaki": "F0E68C", + "lavender": "E6E6FA", + "lavenderblush": "FFF0F5", + "lawngreen": "7CFC00", + "lemonchiffon": "FFFACD", + "lightblue": "ADD8E6", + "lightcoral": "F08080", + "lightcyan": "E0FFFF", + "lightgoldenrodyellow": "FAFAD2", + "lightgray": "D3D3D3", + "lightgreen": "90EE90", + "lightgrey": "D3D3D3", + "lightpink": "FFB6C1", + "lightsalmon": "FFA07A", + "lightseagreen": "20B2AA", + "lightskyblue": "87CEFA", + "lightslategray": "778899", + "lightslategrey": "778899", + "lightsteelblue": "B0C4DE", + "lightyellow": "FFFFE0", + "lime": "00FF00", + "limegreen": "32CD32", + "linen": "FAF0E6", + "magenta": "FF00FF", + "maroon": "800000", + "mediumaquamarine": "66CDAA", + "mediumblue": "0000CD", + "mediumorchid": "BA55D3", + "mediumpurple": "9370DB", + "mediumseagreen": "3CB371", + "mediumslateblue": "7B68EE", + "mediumspringgreen": "00FA9A", + "mediumturquoise": "48D1CC", + "mediumvioletred": "C71585", + "midnightblue": "191970", + "mintcream": "F5FFFA", + "mistyrose": "FFE4E1", + "moccasin": "FFE4B5", + "navajowhite": "FFDEAD", + "navy": "000080", + "oldlace": "FDF5E6", + "olive": "808000", + "olivedrab": "6B8E23", + "orange": "FFA500", + "orangered": "FF4500", + "orchid": "DA70D6", + "palegoldenrod": "EEE8AA", + "palegreen": "98FB98", + "paleturquoise": "AFEEEE", + "palevioletred": "DB7093", + "papayawhip": "FFEFD5", + "peachpuff": "FFDAB9", + "peru": "CD853F", + "pink": "FFC0CB", + "plum": "DDA0DD", + "powderblue": "B0E0E6", + "purple": "800080", + "rebeccapurple": "663399", + "red": "FF0000", + "rosybrown": "BC8F8F", + "royalblue": "4169E1", + "saddlebrown": "8B4513", + "salmon": "FA8072", + "sandybrown": "F4A460", + "seagreen": "2E8B57", + "seashell": "FFF5EE", + "sienna": "A0522D", + "silver": "C0C0C0", + "skyblue": "87CEEB", + "slateblue": "6A5ACD", + "slategray": "708090", + "slategrey": "708090", + "snow": "FFFAFA", + "springgreen": "00FF7F", + "steelblue": "4682B4", + "tan": "D2B48C", + "teal": "008080", + "thistle": "D8BFD8", + "tomato": "FF6347", + "turquoise": "40E0D0", + "violet": "EE82EE", + "wheat": "F5DEB3", + "white": "FFFFFF", + "whitesmoke": "F5F5F5", + "yellow": "FFFF00", + "yellowgreen": "9ACD32", +} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/console.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/console.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2a6cbe07629031687c249f70b51bdfbe2dd84041 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/console.py @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ +""" +Internal module for console introspection +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from shutil import get_terminal_size + + +def get_console_size() -> tuple[int | None, int | None]: + """ + Return console size as tuple = (width, height). + + Returns (None,None) in non-interactive session. + """ + from pandas import get_option + + display_width = get_option("display.width") + display_height = get_option("display.max_rows") + + # Consider + # interactive shell terminal, can detect term size + # interactive non-shell terminal (ipnb/ipqtconsole), cannot detect term + # size non-interactive script, should disregard term size + + # in addition + # width,height have default values, but setting to 'None' signals + # should use Auto-Detection, But only in interactive shell-terminal. + # Simple. yeah. + + if in_interactive_session(): + if in_ipython_frontend(): + # sane defaults for interactive non-shell terminal + # match default for width,height in config_init + from pandas._config.config import get_default_val + + terminal_width = get_default_val("display.width") + terminal_height = get_default_val("display.max_rows") + else: + # pure terminal + terminal_width, terminal_height = get_terminal_size() + else: + terminal_width, terminal_height = None, None + + # Note if the User sets width/Height to None (auto-detection) + # and we're in a script (non-inter), this will return (None,None) + # caller needs to deal. + return display_width or terminal_width, display_height or terminal_height + + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Detect our environment + + +def in_interactive_session() -> bool: + """ + Check if we're running in an interactive shell. + + Returns + ------- + bool + True if running under python/ipython interactive shell. + """ + from pandas import get_option + + def check_main(): + try: + import __main__ as main + except ModuleNotFoundError: + return get_option("mode.sim_interactive") + return not hasattr(main, "__file__") or get_option("mode.sim_interactive") + + try: + # error: Name '__IPYTHON__' is not defined + return __IPYTHON__ or check_main() # type: ignore[name-defined] + except NameError: + return check_main() + + +def in_ipython_frontend() -> bool: + """ + Check if we're inside an IPython zmq frontend. + + Returns + ------- + bool + """ + try: + # error: Name 'get_ipython' is not defined + ip = get_ipython() # type: ignore[name-defined] + return "zmq" in str(type(ip)).lower() + except NameError: + pass + + return False diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/css.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/css.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ccce60c00a9e02bf3bb7f21c5ec799b7123e8eed --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/css.py @@ -0,0 +1,421 @@ +""" +Utilities for interpreting CSS from Stylers for formatting non-HTML outputs. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +import re +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Callable, +) +import warnings + +from pandas.errors import CSSWarning +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Generator, + Iterable, + Iterator, + ) + + +def _side_expander(prop_fmt: str) -> Callable: + """ + Wrapper to expand shorthand property into top, right, bottom, left properties + + Parameters + ---------- + side : str + The border side to expand into properties + + Returns + ------- + function: Return to call when a 'border(-{side}): {value}' string is encountered + """ + + def expand(self, prop, value: str) -> Generator[tuple[str, str], None, None]: + """ + Expand shorthand property into side-specific property (top, right, bottom, left) + + Parameters + ---------- + prop (str): CSS property name + value (str): String token for property + + Yields + ------ + Tuple (str, str): Expanded property, value + """ + tokens = value.split() + try: + mapping = self.SIDE_SHORTHANDS[len(tokens)] + except KeyError: + warnings.warn( + f'Could not expand "{prop}: {value}"', + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return + for key, idx in zip(self.SIDES, mapping): + yield prop_fmt.format(key), tokens[idx] + + return expand + + +def _border_expander(side: str = "") -> Callable: + """ + Wrapper to expand 'border' property into border color, style, and width properties + + Parameters + ---------- + side : str + The border side to expand into properties + + Returns + ------- + function: Return to call when a 'border(-{side}): {value}' string is encountered + """ + if side != "": + side = f"-{side}" + + def expand(self, prop, value: str) -> Generator[tuple[str, str], None, None]: + """ + Expand border into color, style, and width tuples + + Parameters + ---------- + prop : str + CSS property name passed to styler + value : str + Value passed to styler for property + + Yields + ------ + Tuple (str, str): Expanded property, value + """ + tokens = value.split() + if len(tokens) == 0 or len(tokens) > 3: + warnings.warn( + f'Too many tokens provided to "{prop}" (expected 1-3)', + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + # TODO: Can we use current color as initial value to comply with CSS standards? + border_declarations = { + f"border{side}-color": "black", + f"border{side}-style": "none", + f"border{side}-width": "medium", + } + for token in tokens: + if token.lower() in self.BORDER_STYLES: + border_declarations[f"border{side}-style"] = token + elif any(ratio in token.lower() for ratio in self.BORDER_WIDTH_RATIOS): + border_declarations[f"border{side}-width"] = token + else: + border_declarations[f"border{side}-color"] = token + # TODO: Warn user if item entered more than once (e.g. "border: red green") + + # Per CSS, "border" will reset previous "border-*" definitions + yield from self.atomize(border_declarations.items()) + + return expand + + +class CSSResolver: + """ + A callable for parsing and resolving CSS to atomic properties. + """ + + UNIT_RATIOS = { + "pt": ("pt", 1), + "em": ("em", 1), + "rem": ("pt", 12), + "ex": ("em", 0.5), + # 'ch': + "px": ("pt", 0.75), + "pc": ("pt", 12), + "in": ("pt", 72), + "cm": ("in", 1 / 2.54), + "mm": ("in", 1 / 25.4), + "q": ("mm", 0.25), + "!!default": ("em", 0), + } + + FONT_SIZE_RATIOS = UNIT_RATIOS.copy() + FONT_SIZE_RATIOS.update( + { + "%": ("em", 0.01), + "xx-small": ("rem", 0.5), + "x-small": ("rem", 0.625), + "small": ("rem", 0.8), + "medium": ("rem", 1), + "large": ("rem", 1.125), + "x-large": ("rem", 1.5), + "xx-large": ("rem", 2), + "smaller": ("em", 1 / 1.2), + "larger": ("em", 1.2), + "!!default": ("em", 1), + } + ) + + MARGIN_RATIOS = UNIT_RATIOS.copy() + MARGIN_RATIOS.update({"none": ("pt", 0)}) + + BORDER_WIDTH_RATIOS = UNIT_RATIOS.copy() + BORDER_WIDTH_RATIOS.update( + { + "none": ("pt", 0), + "thick": ("px", 4), + "medium": ("px", 2), + "thin": ("px", 1), + # Default: medium only if solid + } + ) + + BORDER_STYLES = [ + "none", + "hidden", + "dotted", + "dashed", + "solid", + "double", + "groove", + "ridge", + "inset", + "outset", + "mediumdashdot", + "dashdotdot", + "hair", + "mediumdashdotdot", + "dashdot", + "slantdashdot", + "mediumdashed", + ] + + SIDE_SHORTHANDS = { + 1: [0, 0, 0, 0], + 2: [0, 1, 0, 1], + 3: [0, 1, 2, 1], + 4: [0, 1, 2, 3], + } + + SIDES = ("top", "right", "bottom", "left") + + CSS_EXPANSIONS = { + **{ + (f"border-{prop}" if prop else "border"): _border_expander(prop) + for prop in ["", "top", "right", "bottom", "left"] + }, + **{ + f"border-{prop}": _side_expander(f"border-{{:s}}-{prop}") + for prop in ["color", "style", "width"] + }, + "margin": _side_expander("margin-{:s}"), + "padding": _side_expander("padding-{:s}"), + } + + def __call__( + self, + declarations: str | Iterable[tuple[str, str]], + inherited: dict[str, str] | None = None, + ) -> dict[str, str]: + """ + The given declarations to atomic properties. + + Parameters + ---------- + declarations_str : str | Iterable[tuple[str, str]] + A CSS string or set of CSS declaration tuples + e.g. "font-weight: bold; background: blue" or + {("font-weight", "bold"), ("background", "blue")} + inherited : dict, optional + Atomic properties indicating the inherited style context in which + declarations_str is to be resolved. ``inherited`` should already + be resolved, i.e. valid output of this method. + + Returns + ------- + dict + Atomic CSS 2.2 properties. + + Examples + -------- + >>> resolve = CSSResolver() + >>> inherited = {'font-family': 'serif', 'font-weight': 'bold'} + >>> out = resolve(''' + ... border-color: BLUE RED; + ... font-size: 1em; + ... font-size: 2em; + ... font-weight: normal; + ... font-weight: inherit; + ... ''', inherited) + >>> sorted(out.items()) # doctest: +NORMALIZE_WHITESPACE + [('border-bottom-color', 'blue'), + ('border-left-color', 'red'), + ('border-right-color', 'red'), + ('border-top-color', 'blue'), + ('font-family', 'serif'), + ('font-size', '24pt'), + ('font-weight', 'bold')] + """ + if isinstance(declarations, str): + declarations = self.parse(declarations) + props = dict(self.atomize(declarations)) + if inherited is None: + inherited = {} + + props = self._update_initial(props, inherited) + props = self._update_font_size(props, inherited) + return self._update_other_units(props) + + def _update_initial( + self, + props: dict[str, str], + inherited: dict[str, str], + ) -> dict[str, str]: + # 1. resolve inherited, initial + for prop, val in inherited.items(): + if prop not in props: + props[prop] = val + + new_props = props.copy() + for prop, val in props.items(): + if val == "inherit": + val = inherited.get(prop, "initial") + + if val in ("initial", None): + # we do not define a complete initial stylesheet + del new_props[prop] + else: + new_props[prop] = val + return new_props + + def _update_font_size( + self, + props: dict[str, str], + inherited: dict[str, str], + ) -> dict[str, str]: + # 2. resolve relative font size + if props.get("font-size"): + props["font-size"] = self.size_to_pt( + props["font-size"], + self._get_font_size(inherited), + conversions=self.FONT_SIZE_RATIOS, + ) + return props + + def _get_font_size(self, props: dict[str, str]) -> float | None: + if props.get("font-size"): + font_size_string = props["font-size"] + return self._get_float_font_size_from_pt(font_size_string) + return None + + def _get_float_font_size_from_pt(self, font_size_string: str) -> float: + assert font_size_string.endswith("pt") + return float(font_size_string.rstrip("pt")) + + def _update_other_units(self, props: dict[str, str]) -> dict[str, str]: + font_size = self._get_font_size(props) + # 3. TODO: resolve other font-relative units + for side in self.SIDES: + prop = f"border-{side}-width" + if prop in props: + props[prop] = self.size_to_pt( + props[prop], + em_pt=font_size, + conversions=self.BORDER_WIDTH_RATIOS, + ) + + for prop in [f"margin-{side}", f"padding-{side}"]: + if prop in props: + # TODO: support % + props[prop] = self.size_to_pt( + props[prop], + em_pt=font_size, + conversions=self.MARGIN_RATIOS, + ) + return props + + def size_to_pt(self, in_val, em_pt=None, conversions=UNIT_RATIOS) -> str: + def _error(): + warnings.warn( + f"Unhandled size: {repr(in_val)}", + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return self.size_to_pt("1!!default", conversions=conversions) + + match = re.match(r"^(\S*?)([a-zA-Z%!].*)", in_val) + if match is None: + return _error() + + val, unit = match.groups() + if val == "": + # hack for 'large' etc. + val = 1 + else: + try: + val = float(val) + except ValueError: + return _error() + + while unit != "pt": + if unit == "em": + if em_pt is None: + unit = "rem" + else: + val *= em_pt + unit = "pt" + continue + + try: + unit, mul = conversions[unit] + except KeyError: + return _error() + val *= mul + + val = round(val, 5) + if int(val) == val: + size_fmt = f"{int(val):d}pt" + else: + size_fmt = f"{val:f}pt" + return size_fmt + + def atomize(self, declarations: Iterable) -> Generator[tuple[str, str], None, None]: + for prop, value in declarations: + prop = prop.lower() + value = value.lower() + if prop in self.CSS_EXPANSIONS: + expand = self.CSS_EXPANSIONS[prop] + yield from expand(self, prop, value) + else: + yield prop, value + + def parse(self, declarations_str: str) -> Iterator[tuple[str, str]]: + """ + Generates (prop, value) pairs from declarations. + + In a future version may generate parsed tokens from tinycss/tinycss2 + + Parameters + ---------- + declarations_str : str + """ + for decl in declarations_str.split(";"): + if not decl.strip(): + continue + prop, sep, val = decl.partition(":") + prop = prop.strip().lower() + # TODO: don't lowercase case sensitive parts of values (strings) + val = val.strip().lower() + if sep: + yield prop, val + else: + warnings.warn( + f"Ill-formatted attribute: expected a colon in {repr(decl)}", + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..50503e862ef433901f40715987c2105f6f16263a --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/csvs.py @@ -0,0 +1,330 @@ +""" +Module for formatting output data into CSV files. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Iterable, + Iterator, + Sequence, +) +import csv as csvlib +import os +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + cast, +) + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._libs import writers as libwriters +from pandas._typing import SequenceNotStr +from pandas.util._decorators import cache_readonly + +from pandas.core.dtypes.generic import ( + ABCDatetimeIndex, + ABCIndex, + ABCMultiIndex, + ABCPeriodIndex, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import notna + +from pandas.core.indexes.api import Index + +from pandas.io.common import get_handle + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + FloatFormatType, + IndexLabel, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + npt, + ) + + from pandas.io.formats.format import DataFrameFormatter + + +_DEFAULT_CHUNKSIZE_CELLS = 100_000 + + +class CSVFormatter: + cols: npt.NDArray[np.object_] + + def __init__( + self, + formatter: DataFrameFormatter, + path_or_buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | WriteBuffer[bytes] = "", + sep: str = ",", + cols: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + index_label: IndexLabel | None = None, + mode: str = "w", + encoding: str | None = None, + errors: str = "strict", + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + quoting: int | None = None, + lineterminator: str | None = "\n", + chunksize: int | None = None, + quotechar: str | None = '"', + date_format: str | None = None, + doublequote: bool = True, + escapechar: str | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.fmt = formatter + + self.obj = self.fmt.frame + + self.filepath_or_buffer = path_or_buf + self.encoding = encoding + self.compression: CompressionOptions = compression + self.mode = mode + self.storage_options = storage_options + + self.sep = sep + self.index_label = self._initialize_index_label(index_label) + self.errors = errors + self.quoting = quoting or csvlib.QUOTE_MINIMAL + self.quotechar = self._initialize_quotechar(quotechar) + self.doublequote = doublequote + self.escapechar = escapechar + self.lineterminator = lineterminator or os.linesep + self.date_format = date_format + self.cols = self._initialize_columns(cols) + self.chunksize = self._initialize_chunksize(chunksize) + + @property + def na_rep(self) -> str: + return self.fmt.na_rep + + @property + def float_format(self) -> FloatFormatType | None: + return self.fmt.float_format + + @property + def decimal(self) -> str: + return self.fmt.decimal + + @property + def header(self) -> bool | SequenceNotStr[str]: + return self.fmt.header + + @property + def index(self) -> bool: + return self.fmt.index + + def _initialize_index_label(self, index_label: IndexLabel | None) -> IndexLabel: + if index_label is not False: + if index_label is None: + return self._get_index_label_from_obj() + elif not isinstance(index_label, (list, tuple, np.ndarray, ABCIndex)): + # given a string for a DF with Index + return [index_label] + return index_label + + def _get_index_label_from_obj(self) -> Sequence[Hashable]: + if isinstance(self.obj.index, ABCMultiIndex): + return self._get_index_label_multiindex() + else: + return self._get_index_label_flat() + + def _get_index_label_multiindex(self) -> Sequence[Hashable]: + return [name or "" for name in self.obj.index.names] + + def _get_index_label_flat(self) -> Sequence[Hashable]: + index_label = self.obj.index.name + return [""] if index_label is None else [index_label] + + def _initialize_quotechar(self, quotechar: str | None) -> str | None: + if self.quoting != csvlib.QUOTE_NONE: + # prevents crash in _csv + return quotechar + return None + + @property + def has_mi_columns(self) -> bool: + return bool(isinstance(self.obj.columns, ABCMultiIndex)) + + def _initialize_columns( + self, cols: Iterable[Hashable] | None + ) -> npt.NDArray[np.object_]: + # validate mi options + if self.has_mi_columns: + if cols is not None: + msg = "cannot specify cols with a MultiIndex on the columns" + raise TypeError(msg) + + if cols is not None: + if isinstance(cols, ABCIndex): + cols = cols._get_values_for_csv(**self._number_format) + else: + cols = list(cols) + self.obj = self.obj.loc[:, cols] + + # update columns to include possible multiplicity of dupes + # and make sure cols is just a list of labels + new_cols = self.obj.columns + return new_cols._get_values_for_csv(**self._number_format) + + def _initialize_chunksize(self, chunksize: int | None) -> int: + if chunksize is None: + return (_DEFAULT_CHUNKSIZE_CELLS // (len(self.cols) or 1)) or 1 + return int(chunksize) + + @property + def _number_format(self) -> dict[str, Any]: + """Dictionary used for storing number formatting settings.""" + return { + "na_rep": self.na_rep, + "float_format": self.float_format, + "date_format": self.date_format, + "quoting": self.quoting, + "decimal": self.decimal, + } + + @cache_readonly + def data_index(self) -> Index: + data_index = self.obj.index + if ( + isinstance(data_index, (ABCDatetimeIndex, ABCPeriodIndex)) + and self.date_format is not None + ): + data_index = Index( + [x.strftime(self.date_format) if notna(x) else "" for x in data_index] + ) + elif isinstance(data_index, ABCMultiIndex): + data_index = data_index.remove_unused_levels() + return data_index + + @property + def nlevels(self) -> int: + if self.index: + return getattr(self.data_index, "nlevels", 1) + else: + return 0 + + @property + def _has_aliases(self) -> bool: + return isinstance(self.header, (tuple, list, np.ndarray, ABCIndex)) + + @property + def _need_to_save_header(self) -> bool: + return bool(self._has_aliases or self.header) + + @property + def write_cols(self) -> SequenceNotStr[Hashable]: + if self._has_aliases: + assert not isinstance(self.header, bool) + if len(self.header) != len(self.cols): + raise ValueError( + f"Writing {len(self.cols)} cols but got {len(self.header)} aliases" + ) + return self.header + else: + # self.cols is an ndarray derived from Index._get_values_for_csv, + # so its entries are strings, i.e. hashable + return cast(SequenceNotStr[Hashable], self.cols) + + @property + def encoded_labels(self) -> list[Hashable]: + encoded_labels: list[Hashable] = [] + + if self.index and self.index_label: + assert isinstance(self.index_label, Sequence) + encoded_labels = list(self.index_label) + + if not self.has_mi_columns or self._has_aliases: + encoded_labels += list(self.write_cols) + + return encoded_labels + + def save(self) -> None: + """ + Create the writer & save. + """ + # apply compression and byte/text conversion + with get_handle( + self.filepath_or_buffer, + self.mode, + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + compression=self.compression, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + ) as handles: + # Note: self.encoding is irrelevant here + self.writer = csvlib.writer( + handles.handle, + lineterminator=self.lineterminator, + delimiter=self.sep, + quoting=self.quoting, + doublequote=self.doublequote, + escapechar=self.escapechar, + quotechar=self.quotechar, + ) + + self._save() + + def _save(self) -> None: + if self._need_to_save_header: + self._save_header() + self._save_body() + + def _save_header(self) -> None: + if not self.has_mi_columns or self._has_aliases: + self.writer.writerow(self.encoded_labels) + else: + for row in self._generate_multiindex_header_rows(): + self.writer.writerow(row) + + def _generate_multiindex_header_rows(self) -> Iterator[list[Hashable]]: + columns = self.obj.columns + for i in range(columns.nlevels): + # we need at least 1 index column to write our col names + col_line = [] + if self.index: + # name is the first column + col_line.append(columns.names[i]) + + if isinstance(self.index_label, list) and len(self.index_label) > 1: + col_line.extend([""] * (len(self.index_label) - 1)) + + col_line.extend(columns._get_level_values(i)) + yield col_line + + # Write out the index line if it's not empty. + # Otherwise, we will print out an extraneous + # blank line between the mi and the data rows. + if self.encoded_labels and set(self.encoded_labels) != {""}: + yield self.encoded_labels + [""] * len(columns) + + def _save_body(self) -> None: + nrows = len(self.data_index) + chunks = (nrows // self.chunksize) + 1 + for i in range(chunks): + start_i = i * self.chunksize + end_i = min(start_i + self.chunksize, nrows) + if start_i >= end_i: + break + self._save_chunk(start_i, end_i) + + def _save_chunk(self, start_i: int, end_i: int) -> None: + # create the data for a chunk + slicer = slice(start_i, end_i) + df = self.obj.iloc[slicer] + + res = df._get_values_for_csv(**self._number_format) + data = list(res._iter_column_arrays()) + + ix = self.data_index[slicer]._get_values_for_csv(**self._number_format) + libwriters.write_csv_rows( + data, + ix, + self.nlevels, + self.cols, + self.writer, + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/excel.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/excel.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5fd23cd7d918ad0efddb1088d79fd78f6079cca7 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/excel.py @@ -0,0 +1,962 @@ +""" +Utilities for conversion to writer-agnostic Excel representation. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Iterable, + Mapping, + Sequence, +) +import functools +import itertools +import re +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Callable, + cast, +) +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._libs.lib import is_list_like +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +from pandas.core.dtypes import missing +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import ( + is_float, + is_scalar, +) + +from pandas import ( + DataFrame, + Index, + MultiIndex, + PeriodIndex, +) +import pandas.core.common as com +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.formats._color_data import CSS4_COLORS +from pandas.io.formats.css import ( + CSSResolver, + CSSWarning, +) +from pandas.io.formats.format import get_level_lengths +from pandas.io.formats.printing import pprint_thing + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + FilePath, + IndexLabel, + StorageOptions, + WriteExcelBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import ExcelWriter + + +class ExcelCell: + __fields__ = ("row", "col", "val", "style", "mergestart", "mergeend") + __slots__ = __fields__ + + def __init__( + self, + row: int, + col: int, + val, + style=None, + mergestart: int | None = None, + mergeend: int | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.row = row + self.col = col + self.val = val + self.style = style + self.mergestart = mergestart + self.mergeend = mergeend + + +class CssExcelCell(ExcelCell): + def __init__( + self, + row: int, + col: int, + val, + style: dict | None, + css_styles: dict[tuple[int, int], list[tuple[str, Any]]] | None, + css_row: int, + css_col: int, + css_converter: Callable | None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + if css_styles and css_converter: + # Use dict to get only one (case-insensitive) declaration per property + declaration_dict = { + prop.lower(): val for prop, val in css_styles[css_row, css_col] + } + # Convert to frozenset for order-invariant caching + unique_declarations = frozenset(declaration_dict.items()) + style = css_converter(unique_declarations) + + super().__init__(row=row, col=col, val=val, style=style, **kwargs) + + +class CSSToExcelConverter: + """ + A callable for converting CSS declarations to ExcelWriter styles + + Supports parts of CSS 2.2, with minimal CSS 3.0 support (e.g. text-shadow), + focusing on font styling, backgrounds, borders and alignment. + + Operates by first computing CSS styles in a fairly generic + way (see :meth:`compute_css`) then determining Excel style + properties from CSS properties (see :meth:`build_xlstyle`). + + Parameters + ---------- + inherited : str, optional + CSS declarations understood to be the containing scope for the + CSS processed by :meth:`__call__`. + """ + + NAMED_COLORS = CSS4_COLORS + + VERTICAL_MAP = { + "top": "top", + "text-top": "top", + "middle": "center", + "baseline": "bottom", + "bottom": "bottom", + "text-bottom": "bottom", + # OpenXML also has 'justify', 'distributed' + } + + BOLD_MAP = { + "bold": True, + "bolder": True, + "600": True, + "700": True, + "800": True, + "900": True, + "normal": False, + "lighter": False, + "100": False, + "200": False, + "300": False, + "400": False, + "500": False, + } + + ITALIC_MAP = { + "normal": False, + "italic": True, + "oblique": True, + } + + FAMILY_MAP = { + "serif": 1, # roman + "sans-serif": 2, # swiss + "cursive": 4, # script + "fantasy": 5, # decorative + } + + BORDER_STYLE_MAP = { + style.lower(): style + for style in [ + "dashed", + "mediumDashDot", + "dashDotDot", + "hair", + "dotted", + "mediumDashDotDot", + "double", + "dashDot", + "slantDashDot", + "mediumDashed", + ] + } + + # NB: Most of the methods here could be classmethods, as only __init__ + # and __call__ make use of instance attributes. We leave them as + # instancemethods so that users can easily experiment with extensions + # without monkey-patching. + inherited: dict[str, str] | None + + def __init__(self, inherited: str | None = None) -> None: + if inherited is not None: + self.inherited = self.compute_css(inherited) + else: + self.inherited = None + # We should avoid cache on the __call__ method. + # Otherwise once the method __call__ has been called + # garbage collection no longer deletes the instance. + self._call_cached = functools.cache(self._call_uncached) + + compute_css = CSSResolver() + + def __call__( + self, declarations: str | frozenset[tuple[str, str]] + ) -> dict[str, dict[str, str]]: + """ + Convert CSS declarations to ExcelWriter style. + + Parameters + ---------- + declarations : str | frozenset[tuple[str, str]] + CSS string or set of CSS declaration tuples. + e.g. "font-weight: bold; background: blue" or + {("font-weight", "bold"), ("background", "blue")} + + Returns + ------- + xlstyle : dict + A style as interpreted by ExcelWriter when found in + ExcelCell.style. + """ + return self._call_cached(declarations) + + def _call_uncached( + self, declarations: str | frozenset[tuple[str, str]] + ) -> dict[str, dict[str, str]]: + properties = self.compute_css(declarations, self.inherited) + return self.build_xlstyle(properties) + + def build_xlstyle(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> dict[str, dict[str, str]]: + out = { + "alignment": self.build_alignment(props), + "border": self.build_border(props), + "fill": self.build_fill(props), + "font": self.build_font(props), + "number_format": self.build_number_format(props), + } + + # TODO: handle cell width and height: needs support in pandas.io.excel + + def remove_none(d: dict[str, str | None]) -> None: + """Remove key where value is None, through nested dicts""" + for k, v in list(d.items()): + if v is None: + del d[k] + elif isinstance(v, dict): + remove_none(v) + if not v: + del d[k] + + remove_none(out) + return out + + def build_alignment(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> dict[str, bool | str | None]: + # TODO: text-indent, padding-left -> alignment.indent + return { + "horizontal": props.get("text-align"), + "vertical": self._get_vertical_alignment(props), + "wrap_text": self._get_is_wrap_text(props), + } + + def _get_vertical_alignment(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> str | None: + vertical_align = props.get("vertical-align") + if vertical_align: + return self.VERTICAL_MAP.get(vertical_align) + return None + + def _get_is_wrap_text(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> bool | None: + if props.get("white-space") is None: + return None + return bool(props["white-space"] not in ("nowrap", "pre", "pre-line")) + + def build_border( + self, props: Mapping[str, str] + ) -> dict[str, dict[str, str | None]]: + return { + side: { + "style": self._border_style( + props.get(f"border-{side}-style"), + props.get(f"border-{side}-width"), + self.color_to_excel(props.get(f"border-{side}-color")), + ), + "color": self.color_to_excel(props.get(f"border-{side}-color")), + } + for side in ["top", "right", "bottom", "left"] + } + + def _border_style(self, style: str | None, width: str | None, color: str | None): + # convert styles and widths to openxml, one of: + # 'dashDot' + # 'dashDotDot' + # 'dashed' + # 'dotted' + # 'double' + # 'hair' + # 'medium' + # 'mediumDashDot' + # 'mediumDashDotDot' + # 'mediumDashed' + # 'slantDashDot' + # 'thick' + # 'thin' + if width is None and style is None and color is None: + # Return None will remove "border" from style dictionary + return None + + if width is None and style is None: + # Return "none" will keep "border" in style dictionary + return "none" + + if style in ("none", "hidden"): + return "none" + + width_name = self._get_width_name(width) + if width_name is None: + return "none" + + if style in (None, "groove", "ridge", "inset", "outset", "solid"): + # not handled + return width_name + + if style == "double": + return "double" + if style == "dotted": + if width_name in ("hair", "thin"): + return "dotted" + return "mediumDashDotDot" + if style == "dashed": + if width_name in ("hair", "thin"): + return "dashed" + return "mediumDashed" + elif style in self.BORDER_STYLE_MAP: + # Excel-specific styles + return self.BORDER_STYLE_MAP[style] + else: + warnings.warn( + f"Unhandled border style format: {repr(style)}", + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return "none" + + def _get_width_name(self, width_input: str | None) -> str | None: + width = self._width_to_float(width_input) + if width < 1e-5: + return None + elif width < 1.3: + return "thin" + elif width < 2.8: + return "medium" + return "thick" + + def _width_to_float(self, width: str | None) -> float: + if width is None: + width = "2pt" + return self._pt_to_float(width) + + def _pt_to_float(self, pt_string: str) -> float: + assert pt_string.endswith("pt") + return float(pt_string.rstrip("pt")) + + def build_fill(self, props: Mapping[str, str]): + # TODO: perhaps allow for special properties + # -excel-pattern-bgcolor and -excel-pattern-type + fill_color = props.get("background-color") + if fill_color not in (None, "transparent", "none"): + return {"fgColor": self.color_to_excel(fill_color), "patternType": "solid"} + + def build_number_format(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> dict[str, str | None]: + fc = props.get("number-format") + fc = fc.replace("§", ";") if isinstance(fc, str) else fc + return {"format_code": fc} + + def build_font( + self, props: Mapping[str, str] + ) -> dict[str, bool | float | str | None]: + font_names = self._get_font_names(props) + decoration = self._get_decoration(props) + return { + "name": font_names[0] if font_names else None, + "family": self._select_font_family(font_names), + "size": self._get_font_size(props), + "bold": self._get_is_bold(props), + "italic": self._get_is_italic(props), + "underline": ("single" if "underline" in decoration else None), + "strike": ("line-through" in decoration) or None, + "color": self.color_to_excel(props.get("color")), + # shadow if nonzero digit before shadow color + "shadow": self._get_shadow(props), + } + + def _get_is_bold(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> bool | None: + weight = props.get("font-weight") + if weight: + return self.BOLD_MAP.get(weight) + return None + + def _get_is_italic(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> bool | None: + font_style = props.get("font-style") + if font_style: + return self.ITALIC_MAP.get(font_style) + return None + + def _get_decoration(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> Sequence[str]: + decoration = props.get("text-decoration") + if decoration is not None: + return decoration.split() + else: + return () + + def _get_underline(self, decoration: Sequence[str]) -> str | None: + if "underline" in decoration: + return "single" + return None + + def _get_shadow(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> bool | None: + if "text-shadow" in props: + return bool(re.search("^[^#(]*[1-9]", props["text-shadow"])) + return None + + def _get_font_names(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> Sequence[str]: + font_names_tmp = re.findall( + r"""(?x) + ( + "(?:[^"]|\\")+" + | + '(?:[^']|\\')+' + | + [^'",]+ + )(?=,|\s*$) + """, + props.get("font-family", ""), + ) + + font_names = [] + for name in font_names_tmp: + if name[:1] == '"': + name = name[1:-1].replace('\\"', '"') + elif name[:1] == "'": + name = name[1:-1].replace("\\'", "'") + else: + name = name.strip() + if name: + font_names.append(name) + return font_names + + def _get_font_size(self, props: Mapping[str, str]) -> float | None: + size = props.get("font-size") + if size is None: + return size + return self._pt_to_float(size) + + def _select_font_family(self, font_names: Sequence[str]) -> int | None: + family = None + for name in font_names: + family = self.FAMILY_MAP.get(name) + if family: + break + + return family + + def color_to_excel(self, val: str | None) -> str | None: + if val is None: + return None + + if self._is_hex_color(val): + return self._convert_hex_to_excel(val) + + try: + return self.NAMED_COLORS[val] + except KeyError: + warnings.warn( + f"Unhandled color format: {repr(val)}", + CSSWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return None + + def _is_hex_color(self, color_string: str) -> bool: + return bool(color_string.startswith("#")) + + def _convert_hex_to_excel(self, color_string: str) -> str: + code = color_string.lstrip("#") + if self._is_shorthand_color(color_string): + return (code[0] * 2 + code[1] * 2 + code[2] * 2).upper() + else: + return code.upper() + + def _is_shorthand_color(self, color_string: str) -> bool: + """Check if color code is shorthand. + + #FFF is a shorthand as opposed to full #FFFFFF. + """ + code = color_string.lstrip("#") + if len(code) == 3: + return True + elif len(code) == 6: + return False + else: + raise ValueError(f"Unexpected color {color_string}") + + +class ExcelFormatter: + """ + Class for formatting a DataFrame to a list of ExcelCells, + + Parameters + ---------- + df : DataFrame or Styler + na_rep: na representation + float_format : str, default None + Format string for floating point numbers + cols : sequence, optional + Columns to write + header : bool or sequence of str, default True + Write out column names. If a list of string is given it is + assumed to be aliases for the column names + index : bool, default True + output row names (index) + index_label : str or sequence, default None + Column label for index column(s) if desired. If None is given, and + `header` and `index` are True, then the index names are used. A + sequence should be given if the DataFrame uses MultiIndex. + merge_cells : bool, default False + Format MultiIndex and Hierarchical Rows as merged cells. + inf_rep : str, default `'inf'` + representation for np.inf values (which aren't representable in Excel) + A `'-'` sign will be added in front of -inf. + style_converter : callable, optional + This translates Styler styles (CSS) into ExcelWriter styles. + Defaults to ``CSSToExcelConverter()``. + It should have signature css_declarations string -> excel style. + This is only called for body cells. + """ + + max_rows = 2**20 + max_cols = 2**14 + + def __init__( + self, + df, + na_rep: str = "", + float_format: str | None = None, + cols: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + header: Sequence[Hashable] | bool = True, + index: bool = True, + index_label: IndexLabel | None = None, + merge_cells: bool = False, + inf_rep: str = "inf", + style_converter: Callable | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.rowcounter = 0 + self.na_rep = na_rep + if not isinstance(df, DataFrame): + self.styler = df + self.styler._compute() # calculate applied styles + df = df.data + if style_converter is None: + style_converter = CSSToExcelConverter() + self.style_converter: Callable | None = style_converter + else: + self.styler = None + self.style_converter = None + self.df = df + if cols is not None: + # all missing, raise + if not len(Index(cols).intersection(df.columns)): + raise KeyError("passes columns are not ALL present dataframe") + + if len(Index(cols).intersection(df.columns)) != len(set(cols)): + # Deprecated in GH#17295, enforced in 1.0.0 + raise KeyError("Not all names specified in 'columns' are found") + + self.df = df.reindex(columns=cols) + + self.columns = self.df.columns + self.float_format = float_format + self.index = index + self.index_label = index_label + self.header = header + self.merge_cells = merge_cells + self.inf_rep = inf_rep + + @property + def header_style(self) -> dict[str, dict[str, str | bool]]: + return { + "font": {"bold": True}, + "borders": { + "top": "thin", + "right": "thin", + "bottom": "thin", + "left": "thin", + }, + "alignment": {"horizontal": "center", "vertical": "top"}, + } + + def _format_value(self, val): + if is_scalar(val) and missing.isna(val): + val = self.na_rep + elif is_float(val): + if missing.isposinf_scalar(val): + val = self.inf_rep + elif missing.isneginf_scalar(val): + val = f"-{self.inf_rep}" + elif self.float_format is not None: + val = float(self.float_format % val) + if getattr(val, "tzinfo", None) is not None: + raise ValueError( + "Excel does not support datetimes with " + "timezones. Please ensure that datetimes " + "are timezone unaware before writing to Excel." + ) + return val + + def _format_header_mi(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + if self.columns.nlevels > 1: + if not self.index: + raise NotImplementedError( + "Writing to Excel with MultiIndex columns and no " + "index ('index'=False) is not yet implemented." + ) + + if not (self._has_aliases or self.header): + return + + columns = self.columns + level_strs = columns._format_multi( + sparsify=self.merge_cells, include_names=False + ) + level_lengths = get_level_lengths(level_strs) + coloffset = 0 + lnum = 0 + + if self.index and isinstance(self.df.index, MultiIndex): + coloffset = len(self.df.index[0]) - 1 + + if self.merge_cells: + # Format multi-index as a merged cells. + for lnum, name in enumerate(columns.names): + yield ExcelCell( + row=lnum, + col=coloffset, + val=name, + style=self.header_style, + ) + + for lnum, (spans, levels, level_codes) in enumerate( + zip(level_lengths, columns.levels, columns.codes) + ): + values = levels.take(level_codes) + for i, span_val in spans.items(): + mergestart, mergeend = None, None + if span_val > 1: + mergestart, mergeend = lnum, coloffset + i + span_val + yield CssExcelCell( + row=lnum, + col=coloffset + i + 1, + val=values[i], + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_columns", None), + css_row=lnum, + css_col=i, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + mergestart=mergestart, + mergeend=mergeend, + ) + else: + # Format in legacy format with dots to indicate levels. + for i, values in enumerate(zip(*level_strs)): + v = ".".join(map(pprint_thing, values)) + yield CssExcelCell( + row=lnum, + col=coloffset + i + 1, + val=v, + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_columns", None), + css_row=lnum, + css_col=i, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + ) + + self.rowcounter = lnum + + def _format_header_regular(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + if self._has_aliases or self.header: + coloffset = 0 + + if self.index: + coloffset = 1 + if isinstance(self.df.index, MultiIndex): + coloffset = len(self.df.index.names) + + colnames = self.columns + if self._has_aliases: + self.header = cast(Sequence, self.header) + if len(self.header) != len(self.columns): + raise ValueError( + f"Writing {len(self.columns)} cols " + f"but got {len(self.header)} aliases" + ) + colnames = self.header + + for colindex, colname in enumerate(colnames): + yield CssExcelCell( + row=self.rowcounter, + col=colindex + coloffset, + val=colname, + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_columns", None), + css_row=0, + css_col=colindex, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + ) + + def _format_header(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + gen: Iterable[ExcelCell] + + if isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex): + gen = self._format_header_mi() + else: + gen = self._format_header_regular() + + gen2: Iterable[ExcelCell] = () + + if self.df.index.names: + row = [x if x is not None else "" for x in self.df.index.names] + [ + "" + ] * len(self.columns) + if functools.reduce(lambda x, y: x and y, (x != "" for x in row)): + gen2 = ( + ExcelCell(self.rowcounter, colindex, val, self.header_style) + for colindex, val in enumerate(row) + ) + self.rowcounter += 1 + return itertools.chain(gen, gen2) + + def _format_body(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + if isinstance(self.df.index, MultiIndex): + return self._format_hierarchical_rows() + else: + return self._format_regular_rows() + + def _format_regular_rows(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + if self._has_aliases or self.header: + self.rowcounter += 1 + + # output index and index_label? + if self.index: + # check aliases + # if list only take first as this is not a MultiIndex + if self.index_label and isinstance( + self.index_label, (list, tuple, np.ndarray, Index) + ): + index_label = self.index_label[0] + # if string good to go + elif self.index_label and isinstance(self.index_label, str): + index_label = self.index_label + else: + index_label = self.df.index.names[0] + + if isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex): + self.rowcounter += 1 + + if index_label and self.header is not False: + yield ExcelCell(self.rowcounter - 1, 0, index_label, self.header_style) + + # write index_values + index_values = self.df.index + if isinstance(self.df.index, PeriodIndex): + index_values = self.df.index.to_timestamp() + + for idx, idxval in enumerate(index_values): + yield CssExcelCell( + row=self.rowcounter + idx, + col=0, + val=idxval, + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_index", None), + css_row=idx, + css_col=0, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + ) + coloffset = 1 + else: + coloffset = 0 + + yield from self._generate_body(coloffset) + + def _format_hierarchical_rows(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + if self._has_aliases or self.header: + self.rowcounter += 1 + + gcolidx = 0 + + if self.index: + index_labels = self.df.index.names + # check for aliases + if self.index_label and isinstance( + self.index_label, (list, tuple, np.ndarray, Index) + ): + index_labels = self.index_label + + # MultiIndex columns require an extra row + # with index names (blank if None) for + # unambiguous round-trip, unless not merging, + # in which case the names all go on one row Issue #11328 + if isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex) and self.merge_cells: + self.rowcounter += 1 + + # if index labels are not empty go ahead and dump + if com.any_not_none(*index_labels) and self.header is not False: + for cidx, name in enumerate(index_labels): + yield ExcelCell(self.rowcounter - 1, cidx, name, self.header_style) + + if self.merge_cells: + # Format hierarchical rows as merged cells. + level_strs = self.df.index._format_multi( + sparsify=True, include_names=False + ) + level_lengths = get_level_lengths(level_strs) + + for spans, levels, level_codes in zip( + level_lengths, self.df.index.levels, self.df.index.codes + ): + values = levels.take( + level_codes, + allow_fill=levels._can_hold_na, + fill_value=levels._na_value, + ) + + for i, span_val in spans.items(): + mergestart, mergeend = None, None + if span_val > 1: + mergestart = self.rowcounter + i + span_val - 1 + mergeend = gcolidx + yield CssExcelCell( + row=self.rowcounter + i, + col=gcolidx, + val=values[i], + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_index", None), + css_row=i, + css_col=gcolidx, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + mergestart=mergestart, + mergeend=mergeend, + ) + gcolidx += 1 + + else: + # Format hierarchical rows with non-merged values. + for indexcolvals in zip(*self.df.index): + for idx, indexcolval in enumerate(indexcolvals): + yield CssExcelCell( + row=self.rowcounter + idx, + col=gcolidx, + val=indexcolval, + style=self.header_style, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx_index", None), + css_row=idx, + css_col=gcolidx, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + ) + gcolidx += 1 + + yield from self._generate_body(gcolidx) + + @property + def _has_aliases(self) -> bool: + """Whether the aliases for column names are present.""" + return is_list_like(self.header) + + def _generate_body(self, coloffset: int) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + # Write the body of the frame data series by series. + for colidx in range(len(self.columns)): + series = self.df.iloc[:, colidx] + for i, val in enumerate(series): + yield CssExcelCell( + row=self.rowcounter + i, + col=colidx + coloffset, + val=val, + style=None, + css_styles=getattr(self.styler, "ctx", None), + css_row=i, + css_col=colidx, + css_converter=self.style_converter, + ) + + def get_formatted_cells(self) -> Iterable[ExcelCell]: + for cell in itertools.chain(self._format_header(), self._format_body()): + cell.val = self._format_value(cell.val) + yield cell + + @doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) + def write( + self, + writer: FilePath | WriteExcelBuffer | ExcelWriter, + sheet_name: str = "Sheet1", + startrow: int = 0, + startcol: int = 0, + freeze_panes: tuple[int, int] | None = None, + engine: str | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + engine_kwargs: dict | None = None, + ) -> None: + """ + writer : path-like, file-like, or ExcelWriter object + File path or existing ExcelWriter + sheet_name : str, default 'Sheet1' + Name of sheet which will contain DataFrame + startrow : + upper left cell row to dump data frame + startcol : + upper left cell column to dump data frame + freeze_panes : tuple of integer (length 2), default None + Specifies the one-based bottommost row and rightmost column that + is to be frozen + engine : string, default None + write engine to use if writer is a path - you can also set this + via the options ``io.excel.xlsx.writer``, + or ``io.excel.xlsm.writer``. + + {storage_options} + + engine_kwargs: dict, optional + Arbitrary keyword arguments passed to excel engine. + """ + from pandas.io.excel import ExcelWriter + + num_rows, num_cols = self.df.shape + if num_rows > self.max_rows or num_cols > self.max_cols: + raise ValueError( + f"This sheet is too large! Your sheet size is: {num_rows}, {num_cols} " + f"Max sheet size is: {self.max_rows}, {self.max_cols}" + ) + + if engine_kwargs is None: + engine_kwargs = {} + + formatted_cells = self.get_formatted_cells() + if isinstance(writer, ExcelWriter): + need_save = False + else: + writer = ExcelWriter( + writer, + engine=engine, + storage_options=storage_options, + engine_kwargs=engine_kwargs, + ) + need_save = True + + try: + writer._write_cells( + formatted_cells, + sheet_name, + startrow=startrow, + startcol=startcol, + freeze_panes=freeze_panes, + ) + finally: + # make sure to close opened file handles + if need_save: + writer.close() diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..00c7526edfa4894fab655cb5bbfdf2aa93c4e96d --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/format.py @@ -0,0 +1,2058 @@ +""" +Internal module for formatting output data in csv, html, xml, +and latex files. This module also applies to display formatting. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections.abc import ( + Generator, + Hashable, + Mapping, + Sequence, +) +from contextlib import contextmanager +from csv import QUOTE_NONE +from decimal import Decimal +from functools import partial +from io import StringIO +import math +import re +from shutil import get_terminal_size +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Callable, + Final, + cast, +) + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._config.config import ( + get_option, + set_option, +) + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas._libs.missing import NA +from pandas._libs.tslibs import ( + NaT, + Timedelta, + Timestamp, +) +from pandas._libs.tslibs.nattype import NaTType + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import ( + is_complex_dtype, + is_float, + is_integer, + is_list_like, + is_numeric_dtype, + is_scalar, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import ( + CategoricalDtype, + DatetimeTZDtype, + ExtensionDtype, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import ( + isna, + notna, +) + +from pandas.core.arrays import ( + Categorical, + DatetimeArray, + ExtensionArray, + TimedeltaArray, +) +from pandas.core.arrays.string_ import StringDtype +from pandas.core.base import PandasObject +import pandas.core.common as com +from pandas.core.indexes.api import ( + Index, + MultiIndex, + PeriodIndex, + ensure_index, +) +from pandas.core.indexes.datetimes import DatetimeIndex +from pandas.core.indexes.timedeltas import TimedeltaIndex +from pandas.core.reshape.concat import concat + +from pandas.io.common import ( + check_parent_directory, + stringify_path, +) +from pandas.io.formats import printing + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + ArrayLike, + Axes, + ColspaceArgType, + ColspaceType, + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + FloatFormatType, + FormattersType, + IndexLabel, + SequenceNotStr, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import ( + DataFrame, + Series, + ) + + +common_docstring: Final = """ + Parameters + ---------- + buf : str, Path or StringIO-like, optional, default None + Buffer to write to. If None, the output is returned as a string. + columns : array-like, optional, default None + The subset of columns to write. Writes all columns by default. + col_space : %(col_space_type)s, optional + %(col_space)s. + header : %(header_type)s, optional + %(header)s. + index : bool, optional, default True + Whether to print index (row) labels. + na_rep : str, optional, default 'NaN' + String representation of ``NaN`` to use. + formatters : list, tuple or dict of one-param. functions, optional + Formatter functions to apply to columns' elements by position or + name. + The result of each function must be a unicode string. + List/tuple must be of length equal to the number of columns. + float_format : one-parameter function, optional, default None + Formatter function to apply to columns' elements if they are + floats. This function must return a unicode string and will be + applied only to the non-``NaN`` elements, with ``NaN`` being + handled by ``na_rep``. + sparsify : bool, optional, default True + Set to False for a DataFrame with a hierarchical index to print + every multiindex key at each row. + index_names : bool, optional, default True + Prints the names of the indexes. + justify : str, default None + How to justify the column labels. If None uses the option from + the print configuration (controlled by set_option), 'right' out + of the box. Valid values are + + * left + * right + * center + * justify + * justify-all + * start + * end + * inherit + * match-parent + * initial + * unset. + max_rows : int, optional + Maximum number of rows to display in the console. + max_cols : int, optional + Maximum number of columns to display in the console. + show_dimensions : bool, default False + Display DataFrame dimensions (number of rows by number of columns). + decimal : str, default '.' + Character recognized as decimal separator, e.g. ',' in Europe. + """ + +VALID_JUSTIFY_PARAMETERS = ( + "left", + "right", + "center", + "justify", + "justify-all", + "start", + "end", + "inherit", + "match-parent", + "initial", + "unset", +) + +return_docstring: Final = """ + Returns + ------- + str or None + If buf is None, returns the result as a string. Otherwise returns + None. + """ + + +class SeriesFormatter: + """ + Implement the main logic of Series.to_string, which underlies + Series.__repr__. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + series: Series, + *, + length: bool | str = True, + header: bool = True, + index: bool = True, + na_rep: str = "NaN", + name: bool = False, + float_format: str | None = None, + dtype: bool = True, + max_rows: int | None = None, + min_rows: int | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.series = series + self.buf = StringIO() + self.name = name + self.na_rep = na_rep + self.header = header + self.length = length + self.index = index + self.max_rows = max_rows + self.min_rows = min_rows + + if float_format is None: + float_format = get_option("display.float_format") + self.float_format = float_format + self.dtype = dtype + self.adj = printing.get_adjustment() + + self._chk_truncate() + + def _chk_truncate(self) -> None: + self.tr_row_num: int | None + + min_rows = self.min_rows + max_rows = self.max_rows + # truncation determined by max_rows, actual truncated number of rows + # used below by min_rows + is_truncated_vertically = max_rows and (len(self.series) > max_rows) + series = self.series + if is_truncated_vertically: + max_rows = cast(int, max_rows) + if min_rows: + # if min_rows is set (not None or 0), set max_rows to minimum + # of both + max_rows = min(min_rows, max_rows) + if max_rows == 1: + row_num = max_rows + series = series.iloc[:max_rows] + else: + row_num = max_rows // 2 + series = concat((series.iloc[:row_num], series.iloc[-row_num:])) + self.tr_row_num = row_num + else: + self.tr_row_num = None + self.tr_series = series + self.is_truncated_vertically = is_truncated_vertically + + def _get_footer(self) -> str: + name = self.series.name + footer = "" + + index = self.series.index + if ( + isinstance(index, (DatetimeIndex, PeriodIndex, TimedeltaIndex)) + and index.freq is not None + ): + footer += f"Freq: {index.freqstr}" + + if self.name is not False and name is not None: + if footer: + footer += ", " + + series_name = printing.pprint_thing(name, escape_chars=("\t", "\r", "\n")) + footer += f"Name: {series_name}" + + if self.length is True or ( + self.length == "truncate" and self.is_truncated_vertically + ): + if footer: + footer += ", " + footer += f"Length: {len(self.series)}" + + if self.dtype is not False and self.dtype is not None: + dtype_name = getattr(self.tr_series.dtype, "name", None) + if dtype_name: + if footer: + footer += ", " + footer += f"dtype: {printing.pprint_thing(dtype_name)}" + + # level infos are added to the end and in a new line, like it is done + # for Categoricals + if isinstance(self.tr_series.dtype, CategoricalDtype): + level_info = self.tr_series._values._get_repr_footer() + if footer: + footer += "\n" + footer += level_info + + return str(footer) + + def _get_formatted_values(self) -> list[str]: + return format_array( + self.tr_series._values, + None, + float_format=self.float_format, + na_rep=self.na_rep, + leading_space=self.index, + ) + + def to_string(self) -> str: + series = self.tr_series + footer = self._get_footer() + + if len(series) == 0: + return f"{type(self.series).__name__}([], {footer})" + + index = series.index + have_header = _has_names(index) + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + fmt_index = index._format_multi(include_names=True, sparsify=None) + adj = printing.get_adjustment() + fmt_index = adj.adjoin(2, *fmt_index).split("\n") + else: + fmt_index = index._format_flat(include_name=True) + fmt_values = self._get_formatted_values() + + if self.is_truncated_vertically: + n_header_rows = 0 + row_num = self.tr_row_num + row_num = cast(int, row_num) + width = self.adj.len(fmt_values[row_num - 1]) + if width > 3: + dot_str = "..." + else: + dot_str = ".." + # Series uses mode=center because it has single value columns + # DataFrame uses mode=left + dot_str = self.adj.justify([dot_str], width, mode="center")[0] + fmt_values.insert(row_num + n_header_rows, dot_str) + fmt_index.insert(row_num + 1, "") + + if self.index: + result = self.adj.adjoin(3, *[fmt_index[1:], fmt_values]) + else: + result = self.adj.adjoin(3, fmt_values) + + if self.header and have_header: + result = fmt_index[0] + "\n" + result + + if footer: + result += "\n" + footer + + return str("".join(result)) + + +def get_dataframe_repr_params() -> dict[str, Any]: + """Get the parameters used to repr(dataFrame) calls using DataFrame.to_string. + + Supplying these parameters to DataFrame.to_string is equivalent to calling + ``repr(DataFrame)``. This is useful if you want to adjust the repr output. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Example + ------- + >>> import pandas as pd + >>> + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]]) + >>> repr_params = pd.io.formats.format.get_dataframe_repr_params() + >>> repr(df) == df.to_string(**repr_params) + True + """ + from pandas.io.formats import console + + if get_option("display.expand_frame_repr"): + line_width, _ = console.get_console_size() + else: + line_width = None + return { + "max_rows": get_option("display.max_rows"), + "min_rows": get_option("display.min_rows"), + "max_cols": get_option("display.max_columns"), + "max_colwidth": get_option("display.max_colwidth"), + "show_dimensions": get_option("display.show_dimensions"), + "line_width": line_width, + } + + +def get_series_repr_params() -> dict[str, Any]: + """Get the parameters used to repr(Series) calls using Series.to_string. + + Supplying these parameters to Series.to_string is equivalent to calling + ``repr(series)``. This is useful if you want to adjust the series repr output. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Example + ------- + >>> import pandas as pd + >>> + >>> ser = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4]) + >>> repr_params = pd.io.formats.format.get_series_repr_params() + >>> repr(ser) == ser.to_string(**repr_params) + True + """ + width, height = get_terminal_size() + max_rows_opt = get_option("display.max_rows") + max_rows = height if max_rows_opt == 0 else max_rows_opt + min_rows = height if max_rows_opt == 0 else get_option("display.min_rows") + + return { + "name": True, + "dtype": True, + "min_rows": min_rows, + "max_rows": max_rows, + "length": get_option("display.show_dimensions"), + } + + +class DataFrameFormatter: + """ + Class for processing dataframe formatting options and data. + + Used by DataFrame.to_string, which backs DataFrame.__repr__. + """ + + __doc__ = __doc__ if __doc__ else "" + __doc__ += common_docstring + return_docstring + + def __init__( + self, + frame: DataFrame, + columns: Axes | None = None, + col_space: ColspaceArgType | None = None, + header: bool | SequenceNotStr[str] = True, + index: bool = True, + na_rep: str = "NaN", + formatters: FormattersType | None = None, + justify: str | None = None, + float_format: FloatFormatType | None = None, + sparsify: bool | None = None, + index_names: bool = True, + max_rows: int | None = None, + min_rows: int | None = None, + max_cols: int | None = None, + show_dimensions: bool | str = False, + decimal: str = ".", + bold_rows: bool = False, + escape: bool = True, + ) -> None: + self.frame = frame + self.columns = self._initialize_columns(columns) + self.col_space = self._initialize_colspace(col_space) + self.header = header + self.index = index + self.na_rep = na_rep + self.formatters = self._initialize_formatters(formatters) + self.justify = self._initialize_justify(justify) + self.float_format = float_format + self.sparsify = self._initialize_sparsify(sparsify) + self.show_index_names = index_names + self.decimal = decimal + self.bold_rows = bold_rows + self.escape = escape + self.max_rows = max_rows + self.min_rows = min_rows + self.max_cols = max_cols + self.show_dimensions = show_dimensions + + self.max_cols_fitted = self._calc_max_cols_fitted() + self.max_rows_fitted = self._calc_max_rows_fitted() + + self.tr_frame = self.frame + self.truncate() + self.adj = printing.get_adjustment() + + def get_strcols(self) -> list[list[str]]: + """ + Render a DataFrame to a list of columns (as lists of strings). + """ + strcols = self._get_strcols_without_index() + + if self.index: + str_index = self._get_formatted_index(self.tr_frame) + strcols.insert(0, str_index) + + return strcols + + @property + def should_show_dimensions(self) -> bool: + return self.show_dimensions is True or ( + self.show_dimensions == "truncate" and self.is_truncated + ) + + @property + def is_truncated(self) -> bool: + return bool(self.is_truncated_horizontally or self.is_truncated_vertically) + + @property + def is_truncated_horizontally(self) -> bool: + return bool(self.max_cols_fitted and (len(self.columns) > self.max_cols_fitted)) + + @property + def is_truncated_vertically(self) -> bool: + return bool(self.max_rows_fitted and (len(self.frame) > self.max_rows_fitted)) + + @property + def dimensions_info(self) -> str: + return f"\n\n[{len(self.frame)} rows x {len(self.frame.columns)} columns]" + + @property + def has_index_names(self) -> bool: + return _has_names(self.frame.index) + + @property + def has_column_names(self) -> bool: + return _has_names(self.frame.columns) + + @property + def show_row_idx_names(self) -> bool: + return all((self.has_index_names, self.index, self.show_index_names)) + + @property + def show_col_idx_names(self) -> bool: + return all((self.has_column_names, self.show_index_names, self.header)) + + @property + def max_rows_displayed(self) -> int: + return min(self.max_rows or len(self.frame), len(self.frame)) + + def _initialize_sparsify(self, sparsify: bool | None) -> bool: + if sparsify is None: + return get_option("display.multi_sparse") + return sparsify + + def _initialize_formatters( + self, formatters: FormattersType | None + ) -> FormattersType: + if formatters is None: + return {} + elif len(self.frame.columns) == len(formatters) or isinstance(formatters, dict): + return formatters + else: + raise ValueError( + f"Formatters length({len(formatters)}) should match " + f"DataFrame number of columns({len(self.frame.columns)})" + ) + + def _initialize_justify(self, justify: str | None) -> str: + if justify is None: + return get_option("display.colheader_justify") + else: + return justify + + def _initialize_columns(self, columns: Axes | None) -> Index: + if columns is not None: + cols = ensure_index(columns) + self.frame = self.frame[cols] + return cols + else: + return self.frame.columns + + def _initialize_colspace(self, col_space: ColspaceArgType | None) -> ColspaceType: + result: ColspaceType + + if col_space is None: + result = {} + elif isinstance(col_space, (int, str)): + result = {"": col_space} + result.update({column: col_space for column in self.frame.columns}) + elif isinstance(col_space, Mapping): + for column in col_space.keys(): + if column not in self.frame.columns and column != "": + raise ValueError( + f"Col_space is defined for an unknown column: {column}" + ) + result = col_space + else: + if len(self.frame.columns) != len(col_space): + raise ValueError( + f"Col_space length({len(col_space)}) should match " + f"DataFrame number of columns({len(self.frame.columns)})" + ) + result = dict(zip(self.frame.columns, col_space)) + return result + + def _calc_max_cols_fitted(self) -> int | None: + """Number of columns fitting the screen.""" + if not self._is_in_terminal(): + return self.max_cols + + width, _ = get_terminal_size() + if self._is_screen_narrow(width): + return width + else: + return self.max_cols + + def _calc_max_rows_fitted(self) -> int | None: + """Number of rows with data fitting the screen.""" + max_rows: int | None + + if self._is_in_terminal(): + _, height = get_terminal_size() + if self.max_rows == 0: + # rows available to fill with actual data + return height - self._get_number_of_auxiliary_rows() + + if self._is_screen_short(height): + max_rows = height + else: + max_rows = self.max_rows + else: + max_rows = self.max_rows + + return self._adjust_max_rows(max_rows) + + def _adjust_max_rows(self, max_rows: int | None) -> int | None: + """Adjust max_rows using display logic. + + See description here: + https://pandas.pydata.org/docs/dev/user_guide/options.html#frequently-used-options + + GH #37359 + """ + if max_rows: + if (len(self.frame) > max_rows) and self.min_rows: + # if truncated, set max_rows showed to min_rows + max_rows = min(self.min_rows, max_rows) + return max_rows + + def _is_in_terminal(self) -> bool: + """Check if the output is to be shown in terminal.""" + return bool(self.max_cols == 0 or self.max_rows == 0) + + def _is_screen_narrow(self, max_width) -> bool: + return bool(self.max_cols == 0 and len(self.frame.columns) > max_width) + + def _is_screen_short(self, max_height) -> bool: + return bool(self.max_rows == 0 and len(self.frame) > max_height) + + def _get_number_of_auxiliary_rows(self) -> int: + """Get number of rows occupied by prompt, dots and dimension info.""" + dot_row = 1 + prompt_row = 1 + num_rows = dot_row + prompt_row + + if self.show_dimensions: + num_rows += len(self.dimensions_info.splitlines()) + + if self.header: + num_rows += 1 + + return num_rows + + def truncate(self) -> None: + """ + Check whether the frame should be truncated. If so, slice the frame up. + """ + if self.is_truncated_horizontally: + self._truncate_horizontally() + + if self.is_truncated_vertically: + self._truncate_vertically() + + def _truncate_horizontally(self) -> None: + """Remove columns, which are not to be displayed and adjust formatters. + + Attributes affected: + - tr_frame + - formatters + - tr_col_num + """ + assert self.max_cols_fitted is not None + col_num = self.max_cols_fitted // 2 + if col_num >= 1: + left = self.tr_frame.iloc[:, :col_num] + right = self.tr_frame.iloc[:, -col_num:] + self.tr_frame = concat((left, right), axis=1) + + # truncate formatter + if isinstance(self.formatters, (list, tuple)): + self.formatters = [ + *self.formatters[:col_num], + *self.formatters[-col_num:], + ] + else: + col_num = cast(int, self.max_cols) + self.tr_frame = self.tr_frame.iloc[:, :col_num] + self.tr_col_num = col_num + + def _truncate_vertically(self) -> None: + """Remove rows, which are not to be displayed. + + Attributes affected: + - tr_frame + - tr_row_num + """ + assert self.max_rows_fitted is not None + row_num = self.max_rows_fitted // 2 + if row_num >= 1: + _len = len(self.tr_frame) + _slice = np.hstack([np.arange(row_num), np.arange(_len - row_num, _len)]) + self.tr_frame = self.tr_frame.iloc[_slice] + else: + row_num = cast(int, self.max_rows) + self.tr_frame = self.tr_frame.iloc[:row_num, :] + self.tr_row_num = row_num + + def _get_strcols_without_index(self) -> list[list[str]]: + strcols: list[list[str]] = [] + + if not is_list_like(self.header) and not self.header: + for i, c in enumerate(self.tr_frame): + fmt_values = self.format_col(i) + fmt_values = _make_fixed_width( + strings=fmt_values, + justify=self.justify, + minimum=int(self.col_space.get(c, 0)), + adj=self.adj, + ) + strcols.append(fmt_values) + return strcols + + if is_list_like(self.header): + # cast here since can't be bool if is_list_like + self.header = cast(list[str], self.header) + if len(self.header) != len(self.columns): + raise ValueError( + f"Writing {len(self.columns)} cols " + f"but got {len(self.header)} aliases" + ) + str_columns = [[label] for label in self.header] + else: + str_columns = self._get_formatted_column_labels(self.tr_frame) + + if self.show_row_idx_names: + for x in str_columns: + x.append("") + + for i, c in enumerate(self.tr_frame): + cheader = str_columns[i] + header_colwidth = max( + int(self.col_space.get(c, 0)), *(self.adj.len(x) for x in cheader) + ) + fmt_values = self.format_col(i) + fmt_values = _make_fixed_width( + fmt_values, self.justify, minimum=header_colwidth, adj=self.adj + ) + + max_len = max(*(self.adj.len(x) for x in fmt_values), header_colwidth) + cheader = self.adj.justify(cheader, max_len, mode=self.justify) + strcols.append(cheader + fmt_values) + + return strcols + + def format_col(self, i: int) -> list[str]: + frame = self.tr_frame + formatter = self._get_formatter(i) + return format_array( + frame.iloc[:, i]._values, + formatter, + float_format=self.float_format, + na_rep=self.na_rep, + space=self.col_space.get(frame.columns[i]), + decimal=self.decimal, + leading_space=self.index, + ) + + def _get_formatter(self, i: str | int) -> Callable | None: + if isinstance(self.formatters, (list, tuple)): + if is_integer(i): + i = cast(int, i) + return self.formatters[i] + else: + return None + else: + if is_integer(i) and i not in self.columns: + i = self.columns[i] + return self.formatters.get(i, None) + + def _get_formatted_column_labels(self, frame: DataFrame) -> list[list[str]]: + from pandas.core.indexes.multi import sparsify_labels + + columns = frame.columns + + if isinstance(columns, MultiIndex): + fmt_columns = columns._format_multi(sparsify=False, include_names=False) + fmt_columns = list(zip(*fmt_columns)) + dtypes = self.frame.dtypes._values + + # if we have a Float level, they don't use leading space at all + restrict_formatting = any(level.is_floating for level in columns.levels) + need_leadsp = dict(zip(fmt_columns, map(is_numeric_dtype, dtypes))) + + def space_format(x, y): + if ( + y not in self.formatters + and need_leadsp[x] + and not restrict_formatting + ): + return " " + y + return y + + str_columns_tuple = list( + zip(*([space_format(x, y) for y in x] for x in fmt_columns)) + ) + if self.sparsify and len(str_columns_tuple): + str_columns_tuple = sparsify_labels(str_columns_tuple) + + str_columns = [list(x) for x in zip(*str_columns_tuple)] + else: + fmt_columns = columns._format_flat(include_name=False) + dtypes = self.frame.dtypes + need_leadsp = dict(zip(fmt_columns, map(is_numeric_dtype, dtypes))) + str_columns = [ + [" " + x if not self._get_formatter(i) and need_leadsp[x] else x] + for i, x in enumerate(fmt_columns) + ] + # self.str_columns = str_columns + return str_columns + + def _get_formatted_index(self, frame: DataFrame) -> list[str]: + # Note: this is only used by to_string() and to_latex(), not by + # to_html(). so safe to cast col_space here. + col_space = {k: cast(int, v) for k, v in self.col_space.items()} + index = frame.index + columns = frame.columns + fmt = self._get_formatter("__index__") + + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + fmt_index = index._format_multi( + sparsify=self.sparsify, + include_names=self.show_row_idx_names, + formatter=fmt, + ) + else: + fmt_index = [ + index._format_flat(include_name=self.show_row_idx_names, formatter=fmt) + ] + + fmt_index = [ + tuple( + _make_fixed_width( + list(x), justify="left", minimum=col_space.get("", 0), adj=self.adj + ) + ) + for x in fmt_index + ] + + adjoined = self.adj.adjoin(1, *fmt_index).split("\n") + + # empty space for columns + if self.show_col_idx_names: + col_header = [str(x) for x in self._get_column_name_list()] + else: + col_header = [""] * columns.nlevels + + if self.header: + return col_header + adjoined + else: + return adjoined + + def _get_column_name_list(self) -> list[Hashable]: + names: list[Hashable] = [] + columns = self.frame.columns + if isinstance(columns, MultiIndex): + names.extend("" if name is None else name for name in columns.names) + else: + names.append("" if columns.name is None else columns.name) + return names + + +class DataFrameRenderer: + """Class for creating dataframe output in multiple formats. + + Called in pandas.core.generic.NDFrame: + - to_csv + - to_latex + + Called in pandas.core.frame.DataFrame: + - to_html + - to_string + + Parameters + ---------- + fmt : DataFrameFormatter + Formatter with the formatting options. + """ + + def __init__(self, fmt: DataFrameFormatter) -> None: + self.fmt = fmt + + def to_html( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, + classes: str | list | tuple | None = None, + notebook: bool = False, + border: int | bool | None = None, + table_id: str | None = None, + render_links: bool = False, + ) -> str | None: + """ + Render a DataFrame to a html table. + + Parameters + ---------- + buf : str, path object, file-like object, or None, default None + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a string ``write()`` function. If None, the result is + returned as a string. + encoding : str, default “utf-8” + Set character encoding. + classes : str or list-like + classes to include in the `class` attribute of the opening + ```` tag, in addition to the default "dataframe". + notebook : {True, False}, optional, default False + Whether the generated HTML is for IPython Notebook. + border : int + A ``border=border`` attribute is included in the opening + ``
`` tag. Default ``pd.options.display.html.border``. + table_id : str, optional + A css id is included in the opening `
` tag if specified. + render_links : bool, default False + Convert URLs to HTML links. + """ + from pandas.io.formats.html import ( + HTMLFormatter, + NotebookFormatter, + ) + + Klass = NotebookFormatter if notebook else HTMLFormatter + + html_formatter = Klass( + self.fmt, + classes=classes, + border=border, + table_id=table_id, + render_links=render_links, + ) + string = html_formatter.to_string() + return save_to_buffer(string, buf=buf, encoding=encoding) + + def to_string( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, + line_width: int | None = None, + ) -> str | None: + """ + Render a DataFrame to a console-friendly tabular output. + + Parameters + ---------- + buf : str, path object, file-like object, or None, default None + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a string ``write()`` function. If None, the result is + returned as a string. + encoding: str, default “utf-8” + Set character encoding. + line_width : int, optional + Width to wrap a line in characters. + """ + from pandas.io.formats.string import StringFormatter + + string_formatter = StringFormatter(self.fmt, line_width=line_width) + string = string_formatter.to_string() + return save_to_buffer(string, buf=buf, encoding=encoding) + + def to_csv( + self, + path_or_buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, + sep: str = ",", + columns: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + index_label: IndexLabel | None = None, + mode: str = "w", + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + quoting: int | None = None, + quotechar: str = '"', + lineterminator: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + date_format: str | None = None, + doublequote: bool = True, + escapechar: str | None = None, + errors: str = "strict", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + ) -> str | None: + """ + Render dataframe as comma-separated file. + """ + from pandas.io.formats.csvs import CSVFormatter + + if path_or_buf is None: + created_buffer = True + path_or_buf = StringIO() + else: + created_buffer = False + + csv_formatter = CSVFormatter( + path_or_buf=path_or_buf, + lineterminator=lineterminator, + sep=sep, + encoding=encoding, + errors=errors, + compression=compression, + quoting=quoting, + cols=columns, + index_label=index_label, + mode=mode, + chunksize=chunksize, + quotechar=quotechar, + date_format=date_format, + doublequote=doublequote, + escapechar=escapechar, + storage_options=storage_options, + formatter=self.fmt, + ) + csv_formatter.save() + + if created_buffer: + assert isinstance(path_or_buf, StringIO) + content = path_or_buf.getvalue() + path_or_buf.close() + return content + + return None + + +def save_to_buffer( + string: str, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, +) -> str | None: + """ + Perform serialization. Write to buf or return as string if buf is None. + """ + with _get_buffer(buf, encoding=encoding) as fd: + fd.write(string) + if buf is None: + # error: "WriteBuffer[str]" has no attribute "getvalue" + return fd.getvalue() # type: ignore[attr-defined] + return None + + +@contextmanager +def _get_buffer( + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None, encoding: str | None = None +) -> Generator[WriteBuffer[str], None, None] | Generator[StringIO, None, None]: + """ + Context manager to open, yield and close buffer for filenames or Path-like + objects, otherwise yield buf unchanged. + """ + if buf is not None: + buf = stringify_path(buf) + else: + buf = StringIO() + + if encoding is None: + encoding = "utf-8" + elif not isinstance(buf, str): + raise ValueError("buf is not a file name and encoding is specified.") + + if hasattr(buf, "write"): + # Incompatible types in "yield" (actual type "Union[str, WriteBuffer[str], + # StringIO]", expected type "Union[WriteBuffer[str], StringIO]") + yield buf # type: ignore[misc] + elif isinstance(buf, str): + check_parent_directory(str(buf)) + with open(buf, "w", encoding=encoding, newline="") as f: + # GH#30034 open instead of codecs.open prevents a file leak + # if we have an invalid encoding argument. + # newline="" is needed to roundtrip correctly on + # windows test_to_latex_filename + yield f + else: + raise TypeError("buf is not a file name and it has no write method") + + +# ---------------------------------------------------------------------- +# Array formatters + + +def format_array( + values: ArrayLike, + formatter: Callable | None, + float_format: FloatFormatType | None = None, + na_rep: str = "NaN", + digits: int | None = None, + space: str | int | None = None, + justify: str = "right", + decimal: str = ".", + leading_space: bool | None = True, + quoting: int | None = None, + fallback_formatter: Callable | None = None, +) -> list[str]: + """ + Format an array for printing. + + Parameters + ---------- + values : np.ndarray or ExtensionArray + formatter + float_format + na_rep + digits + space + justify + decimal + leading_space : bool, optional, default True + Whether the array should be formatted with a leading space. + When an array as a column of a Series or DataFrame, we do want + the leading space to pad between columns. + + When formatting an Index subclass + (e.g. IntervalIndex._get_values_for_csv), we don't want the + leading space since it should be left-aligned. + fallback_formatter + + Returns + ------- + List[str] + """ + fmt_klass: type[_GenericArrayFormatter] + if lib.is_np_dtype(values.dtype, "M"): + fmt_klass = _Datetime64Formatter + values = cast(DatetimeArray, values) + elif isinstance(values.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype): + fmt_klass = _Datetime64TZFormatter + values = cast(DatetimeArray, values) + elif lib.is_np_dtype(values.dtype, "m"): + fmt_klass = _Timedelta64Formatter + values = cast(TimedeltaArray, values) + elif isinstance(values.dtype, ExtensionDtype): + fmt_klass = _ExtensionArrayFormatter + elif lib.is_np_dtype(values.dtype, "fc"): + fmt_klass = FloatArrayFormatter + elif lib.is_np_dtype(values.dtype, "iu"): + fmt_klass = _IntArrayFormatter + else: + fmt_klass = _GenericArrayFormatter + + if space is None: + space = 12 + + if float_format is None: + float_format = get_option("display.float_format") + + if digits is None: + digits = get_option("display.precision") + + fmt_obj = fmt_klass( + values, + digits=digits, + na_rep=na_rep, + float_format=float_format, + formatter=formatter, + space=space, + justify=justify, + decimal=decimal, + leading_space=leading_space, + quoting=quoting, + fallback_formatter=fallback_formatter, + ) + + return fmt_obj.get_result() + + +class _GenericArrayFormatter: + def __init__( + self, + values: ArrayLike, + digits: int = 7, + formatter: Callable | None = None, + na_rep: str = "NaN", + space: str | int = 12, + float_format: FloatFormatType | None = None, + justify: str = "right", + decimal: str = ".", + quoting: int | None = None, + fixed_width: bool = True, + leading_space: bool | None = True, + fallback_formatter: Callable | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.values = values + self.digits = digits + self.na_rep = na_rep + self.space = space + self.formatter = formatter + self.float_format = float_format + self.justify = justify + self.decimal = decimal + self.quoting = quoting + self.fixed_width = fixed_width + self.leading_space = leading_space + self.fallback_formatter = fallback_formatter + + def get_result(self) -> list[str]: + fmt_values = self._format_strings() + return _make_fixed_width(fmt_values, self.justify) + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + if self.float_format is None: + float_format = get_option("display.float_format") + if float_format is None: + precision = get_option("display.precision") + float_format = lambda x: _trim_zeros_single_float( + f"{x: .{precision:d}f}" + ) + else: + float_format = self.float_format + + if self.formatter is not None: + formatter = self.formatter + elif self.fallback_formatter is not None: + formatter = self.fallback_formatter + else: + quote_strings = self.quoting is not None and self.quoting != QUOTE_NONE + formatter = partial( + printing.pprint_thing, + escape_chars=("\t", "\r", "\n"), + quote_strings=quote_strings, + ) + + def _format(x): + if self.na_rep is not None and is_scalar(x) and isna(x): + if x is None: + return "None" + elif x is NA: + return str(NA) + elif lib.is_float(x) and np.isinf(x): + # TODO(3.0): this will be unreachable when use_inf_as_na + # deprecation is enforced + return str(x) + elif x is NaT or isinstance(x, (np.datetime64, np.timedelta64)): + return "NaT" + return self.na_rep + elif isinstance(x, PandasObject): + return str(x) + elif isinstance(x, StringDtype): + return repr(x) + else: + # object dtype + return str(formatter(x)) + + vals = self.values + if not isinstance(vals, np.ndarray): + raise TypeError( + "ExtensionArray formatting should use _ExtensionArrayFormatter" + ) + inferred = lib.map_infer(vals, is_float) + is_float_type = ( + inferred + # vals may have 2 or more dimensions + & np.all(notna(vals), axis=tuple(range(1, len(vals.shape)))) + ) + leading_space = self.leading_space + if leading_space is None: + leading_space = is_float_type.any() + + fmt_values = [] + for i, v in enumerate(vals): + if (not is_float_type[i] or self.formatter is not None) and leading_space: + fmt_values.append(f" {_format(v)}") + elif is_float_type[i]: + fmt_values.append(float_format(v)) + else: + if leading_space is False: + # False specifically, so that the default is + # to include a space if we get here. + tpl = "{v}" + else: + tpl = " {v}" + fmt_values.append(tpl.format(v=_format(v))) + + return fmt_values + + +class FloatArrayFormatter(_GenericArrayFormatter): + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None: + super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) + + # float_format is expected to be a string + # formatter should be used to pass a function + if self.float_format is not None and self.formatter is None: + # GH21625, GH22270 + self.fixed_width = False + if callable(self.float_format): + self.formatter = self.float_format + self.float_format = None + + def _value_formatter( + self, + float_format: FloatFormatType | None = None, + threshold: float | None = None, + ) -> Callable: + """Returns a function to be applied on each value to format it""" + # the float_format parameter supersedes self.float_format + if float_format is None: + float_format = self.float_format + + # we are going to compose different functions, to first convert to + # a string, then replace the decimal symbol, and finally chop according + # to the threshold + + # when there is no float_format, we use str instead of '%g' + # because str(0.0) = '0.0' while '%g' % 0.0 = '0' + if float_format: + + def base_formatter(v): + assert float_format is not None # for mypy + # error: "str" not callable + # error: Unexpected keyword argument "value" for "__call__" of + # "EngFormatter" + return ( + float_format(value=v) # type: ignore[operator,call-arg] + if notna(v) + else self.na_rep + ) + + else: + + def base_formatter(v): + return str(v) if notna(v) else self.na_rep + + if self.decimal != ".": + + def decimal_formatter(v): + return base_formatter(v).replace(".", self.decimal, 1) + + else: + decimal_formatter = base_formatter + + if threshold is None: + return decimal_formatter + + def formatter(value): + if notna(value): + if abs(value) > threshold: + return decimal_formatter(value) + else: + return decimal_formatter(0.0) + else: + return self.na_rep + + return formatter + + def get_result_as_array(self) -> np.ndarray: + """ + Returns the float values converted into strings using + the parameters given at initialisation, as a numpy array + """ + + def format_with_na_rep(values: ArrayLike, formatter: Callable, na_rep: str): + mask = isna(values) + formatted = np.array( + [ + formatter(val) if not m else na_rep + for val, m in zip(values.ravel(), mask.ravel()) + ] + ).reshape(values.shape) + return formatted + + def format_complex_with_na_rep( + values: ArrayLike, formatter: Callable, na_rep: str + ): + real_values = np.real(values).ravel() # type: ignore[arg-type] + imag_values = np.imag(values).ravel() # type: ignore[arg-type] + real_mask, imag_mask = isna(real_values), isna(imag_values) + formatted_lst = [] + for val, real_val, imag_val, re_isna, im_isna in zip( + values.ravel(), + real_values, + imag_values, + real_mask, + imag_mask, + ): + if not re_isna and not im_isna: + formatted_lst.append(formatter(val)) + elif not re_isna: # xxx+nanj + formatted_lst.append(f"{formatter(real_val)}+{na_rep}j") + elif not im_isna: # nan[+/-]xxxj + # The imaginary part may either start with a "-" or a space + imag_formatted = formatter(imag_val).strip() + if imag_formatted.startswith("-"): + formatted_lst.append(f"{na_rep}{imag_formatted}j") + else: + formatted_lst.append(f"{na_rep}+{imag_formatted}j") + else: # nan+nanj + formatted_lst.append(f"{na_rep}+{na_rep}j") + return np.array(formatted_lst).reshape(values.shape) + + if self.formatter is not None: + return format_with_na_rep(self.values, self.formatter, self.na_rep) + + if self.fixed_width: + threshold = get_option("display.chop_threshold") + else: + threshold = None + + # if we have a fixed_width, we'll need to try different float_format + def format_values_with(float_format): + formatter = self._value_formatter(float_format, threshold) + + # default formatter leaves a space to the left when formatting + # floats, must be consistent for left-justifying NaNs (GH #25061) + na_rep = " " + self.na_rep if self.justify == "left" else self.na_rep + + # different formatting strategies for complex and non-complex data + # need to distinguish complex and float NaNs (GH #53762) + values = self.values + is_complex = is_complex_dtype(values) + + # separate the wheat from the chaff + if is_complex: + values = format_complex_with_na_rep(values, formatter, na_rep) + else: + values = format_with_na_rep(values, formatter, na_rep) + + if self.fixed_width: + if is_complex: + result = _trim_zeros_complex(values, self.decimal) + else: + result = _trim_zeros_float(values, self.decimal) + return np.asarray(result, dtype="object") + + return values + + # There is a special default string when we are fixed-width + # The default is otherwise to use str instead of a formatting string + float_format: FloatFormatType | None + if self.float_format is None: + if self.fixed_width: + if self.leading_space is True: + fmt_str = "{value: .{digits:d}f}" + else: + fmt_str = "{value:.{digits:d}f}" + float_format = partial(fmt_str.format, digits=self.digits) + else: + float_format = self.float_format + else: + float_format = lambda value: self.float_format % value + + formatted_values = format_values_with(float_format) + + if not self.fixed_width: + return formatted_values + + # we need do convert to engineering format if some values are too small + # and would appear as 0, or if some values are too big and take too + # much space + + if len(formatted_values) > 0: + maxlen = max(len(x) for x in formatted_values) + too_long = maxlen > self.digits + 6 + else: + too_long = False + + abs_vals = np.abs(self.values) + # this is pretty arbitrary for now + # large values: more that 8 characters including decimal symbol + # and first digit, hence > 1e6 + has_large_values = (abs_vals > 1e6).any() + has_small_values = ((abs_vals < 10 ** (-self.digits)) & (abs_vals > 0)).any() + + if has_small_values or (too_long and has_large_values): + if self.leading_space is True: + fmt_str = "{value: .{digits:d}e}" + else: + fmt_str = "{value:.{digits:d}e}" + float_format = partial(fmt_str.format, digits=self.digits) + formatted_values = format_values_with(float_format) + + return formatted_values + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + return list(self.get_result_as_array()) + + +class _IntArrayFormatter(_GenericArrayFormatter): + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + if self.leading_space is False: + formatter_str = lambda x: f"{x:d}".format(x=x) + else: + formatter_str = lambda x: f"{x: d}".format(x=x) + formatter = self.formatter or formatter_str + fmt_values = [formatter(x) for x in self.values] + return fmt_values + + +class _Datetime64Formatter(_GenericArrayFormatter): + values: DatetimeArray + + def __init__( + self, + values: DatetimeArray, + nat_rep: str = "NaT", + date_format: None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + super().__init__(values, **kwargs) + self.nat_rep = nat_rep + self.date_format = date_format + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + """we by definition have DO NOT have a TZ""" + values = self.values + + if self.formatter is not None: + return [self.formatter(x) for x in values] + + fmt_values = values._format_native_types( + na_rep=self.nat_rep, date_format=self.date_format + ) + return fmt_values.tolist() + + +class _ExtensionArrayFormatter(_GenericArrayFormatter): + values: ExtensionArray + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + values = self.values + + formatter = self.formatter + fallback_formatter = None + if formatter is None: + fallback_formatter = values._formatter(boxed=True) + + if isinstance(values, Categorical): + # Categorical is special for now, so that we can preserve tzinfo + array = values._internal_get_values() + else: + array = np.asarray(values, dtype=object) + + fmt_values = format_array( + array, + formatter, + float_format=self.float_format, + na_rep=self.na_rep, + digits=self.digits, + space=self.space, + justify=self.justify, + decimal=self.decimal, + leading_space=self.leading_space, + quoting=self.quoting, + fallback_formatter=fallback_formatter, + ) + return fmt_values + + +def format_percentiles( + percentiles: (np.ndarray | Sequence[float]), +) -> list[str]: + """ + Outputs rounded and formatted percentiles. + + Parameters + ---------- + percentiles : list-like, containing floats from interval [0,1] + + Returns + ------- + formatted : list of strings + + Notes + ----- + Rounding precision is chosen so that: (1) if any two elements of + ``percentiles`` differ, they remain different after rounding + (2) no entry is *rounded* to 0% or 100%. + Any non-integer is always rounded to at least 1 decimal place. + + Examples + -------- + Keeps all entries different after rounding: + + >>> format_percentiles([0.01999, 0.02001, 0.5, 0.666666, 0.9999]) + ['1.999%', '2.001%', '50%', '66.667%', '99.99%'] + + No element is rounded to 0% or 100% (unless already equal to it). + Duplicates are allowed: + + >>> format_percentiles([0, 0.5, 0.02001, 0.5, 0.666666, 0.9999]) + ['0%', '50%', '2.0%', '50%', '66.67%', '99.99%'] + """ + percentiles = np.asarray(percentiles) + + # It checks for np.nan as well + if ( + not is_numeric_dtype(percentiles) + or not np.all(percentiles >= 0) + or not np.all(percentiles <= 1) + ): + raise ValueError("percentiles should all be in the interval [0,1]") + + percentiles = 100 * percentiles + prec = get_precision(percentiles) + percentiles_round_type = percentiles.round(prec).astype(int) + + int_idx = np.isclose(percentiles_round_type, percentiles) + + if np.all(int_idx): + out = percentiles_round_type.astype(str) + return [i + "%" for i in out] + + unique_pcts = np.unique(percentiles) + prec = get_precision(unique_pcts) + out = np.empty_like(percentiles, dtype=object) + out[int_idx] = percentiles[int_idx].round().astype(int).astype(str) + + out[~int_idx] = percentiles[~int_idx].round(prec).astype(str) + return [i + "%" for i in out] + + +def get_precision(array: np.ndarray | Sequence[float]) -> int: + to_begin = array[0] if array[0] > 0 else None + to_end = 100 - array[-1] if array[-1] < 100 else None + diff = np.ediff1d(array, to_begin=to_begin, to_end=to_end) + diff = abs(diff) + prec = -np.floor(np.log10(np.min(diff))).astype(int) + prec = max(1, prec) + return prec + + +def _format_datetime64(x: NaTType | Timestamp, nat_rep: str = "NaT") -> str: + if x is NaT: + return nat_rep + + # Timestamp.__str__ falls back to datetime.datetime.__str__ = isoformat(sep=' ') + # so it already uses string formatting rather than strftime (faster). + return str(x) + + +def _format_datetime64_dateonly( + x: NaTType | Timestamp, + nat_rep: str = "NaT", + date_format: str | None = None, +) -> str: + if isinstance(x, NaTType): + return nat_rep + + if date_format: + return x.strftime(date_format) + else: + # Timestamp._date_repr relies on string formatting (faster than strftime) + return x._date_repr + + +def get_format_datetime64( + is_dates_only: bool, nat_rep: str = "NaT", date_format: str | None = None +) -> Callable: + """Return a formatter callable taking a datetime64 as input and providing + a string as output""" + + if is_dates_only: + return lambda x: _format_datetime64_dateonly( + x, nat_rep=nat_rep, date_format=date_format + ) + else: + return lambda x: _format_datetime64(x, nat_rep=nat_rep) + + +class _Datetime64TZFormatter(_Datetime64Formatter): + values: DatetimeArray + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + """we by definition have a TZ""" + ido = self.values._is_dates_only + values = self.values.astype(object) + formatter = self.formatter or get_format_datetime64( + ido, date_format=self.date_format + ) + fmt_values = [formatter(x) for x in values] + + return fmt_values + + +class _Timedelta64Formatter(_GenericArrayFormatter): + values: TimedeltaArray + + def __init__( + self, + values: TimedeltaArray, + nat_rep: str = "NaT", + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + # TODO: nat_rep is never passed, na_rep is. + super().__init__(values, **kwargs) + self.nat_rep = nat_rep + + def _format_strings(self) -> list[str]: + formatter = self.formatter or get_format_timedelta64( + self.values, nat_rep=self.nat_rep, box=False + ) + return [formatter(x) for x in self.values] + + +def get_format_timedelta64( + values: TimedeltaArray, + nat_rep: str | float = "NaT", + box: bool = False, +) -> Callable: + """ + Return a formatter function for a range of timedeltas. + These will all have the same format argument + + If box, then show the return in quotes + """ + even_days = values._is_dates_only + + if even_days: + format = None + else: + format = "long" + + def _formatter(x): + if x is None or (is_scalar(x) and isna(x)): + return nat_rep + + if not isinstance(x, Timedelta): + x = Timedelta(x) + + # Timedelta._repr_base uses string formatting (faster than strftime) + result = x._repr_base(format=format) + if box: + result = f"'{result}'" + return result + + return _formatter + + +def _make_fixed_width( + strings: list[str], + justify: str = "right", + minimum: int | None = None, + adj: printing._TextAdjustment | None = None, +) -> list[str]: + if len(strings) == 0 or justify == "all": + return strings + + if adj is None: + adjustment = printing.get_adjustment() + else: + adjustment = adj + + max_len = max(adjustment.len(x) for x in strings) + + if minimum is not None: + max_len = max(minimum, max_len) + + conf_max = get_option("display.max_colwidth") + if conf_max is not None and max_len > conf_max: + max_len = conf_max + + def just(x: str) -> str: + if conf_max is not None: + if (conf_max > 3) & (adjustment.len(x) > max_len): + x = x[: max_len - 3] + "..." + return x + + strings = [just(x) for x in strings] + result = adjustment.justify(strings, max_len, mode=justify) + return result + + +def _trim_zeros_complex(str_complexes: ArrayLike, decimal: str = ".") -> list[str]: + """ + Separates the real and imaginary parts from the complex number, and + executes the _trim_zeros_float method on each of those. + """ + real_part, imag_part = [], [] + for x in str_complexes: + # Complex numbers are represented as "(-)xxx(+/-)xxxj" + # The split will give [{"", "-"}, "xxx", "+/-", "xxx", "j", ""] + # Therefore, the imaginary part is the 4th and 3rd last elements, + # and the real part is everything before the imaginary part + trimmed = re.split(r"([j+-])", x) + real_part.append("".join(trimmed[:-4])) + imag_part.append("".join(trimmed[-4:-2])) + + # We want to align the lengths of the real and imaginary parts of each complex + # number, as well as the lengths the real (resp. complex) parts of all numbers + # in the array + n = len(str_complexes) + padded_parts = _trim_zeros_float(real_part + imag_part, decimal) + if len(padded_parts) == 0: + return [] + padded_length = max(len(part) for part in padded_parts) - 1 + padded = [ + real_pt # real part, possibly NaN + + imag_pt[0] # +/- + + f"{imag_pt[1:]:>{padded_length}}" # complex part (no sign), possibly nan + + "j" + for real_pt, imag_pt in zip(padded_parts[:n], padded_parts[n:]) + ] + return padded + + +def _trim_zeros_single_float(str_float: str) -> str: + """ + Trims trailing zeros after a decimal point, + leaving just one if necessary. + """ + str_float = str_float.rstrip("0") + if str_float.endswith("."): + str_float += "0" + + return str_float + + +def _trim_zeros_float( + str_floats: ArrayLike | list[str], decimal: str = "." +) -> list[str]: + """ + Trims the maximum number of trailing zeros equally from + all numbers containing decimals, leaving just one if + necessary. + """ + trimmed = str_floats + number_regex = re.compile(rf"^\s*[\+-]?[0-9]+\{decimal}[0-9]*$") + + def is_number_with_decimal(x) -> bool: + return re.match(number_regex, x) is not None + + def should_trim(values: ArrayLike | list[str]) -> bool: + """ + Determine if an array of strings should be trimmed. + + Returns True if all numbers containing decimals (defined by the + above regular expression) within the array end in a zero, otherwise + returns False. + """ + numbers = [x for x in values if is_number_with_decimal(x)] + return len(numbers) > 0 and all(x.endswith("0") for x in numbers) + + while should_trim(trimmed): + trimmed = [x[:-1] if is_number_with_decimal(x) else x for x in trimmed] + + # leave one 0 after the decimal points if need be. + result = [ + x + "0" if is_number_with_decimal(x) and x.endswith(decimal) else x + for x in trimmed + ] + return result + + +def _has_names(index: Index) -> bool: + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + return com.any_not_none(*index.names) + else: + return index.name is not None + + +class EngFormatter: + """ + Formats float values according to engineering format. + + Based on matplotlib.ticker.EngFormatter + """ + + # The SI engineering prefixes + ENG_PREFIXES = { + -24: "y", + -21: "z", + -18: "a", + -15: "f", + -12: "p", + -9: "n", + -6: "u", + -3: "m", + 0: "", + 3: "k", + 6: "M", + 9: "G", + 12: "T", + 15: "P", + 18: "E", + 21: "Z", + 24: "Y", + } + + def __init__( + self, accuracy: int | None = None, use_eng_prefix: bool = False + ) -> None: + self.accuracy = accuracy + self.use_eng_prefix = use_eng_prefix + + def __call__(self, num: float) -> str: + """ + Formats a number in engineering notation, appending a letter + representing the power of 1000 of the original number. Some examples: + >>> format_eng = EngFormatter(accuracy=0, use_eng_prefix=True) + >>> format_eng(0) + ' 0' + >>> format_eng = EngFormatter(accuracy=1, use_eng_prefix=True) + >>> format_eng(1_000_000) + ' 1.0M' + >>> format_eng = EngFormatter(accuracy=2, use_eng_prefix=False) + >>> format_eng("-1e-6") + '-1.00E-06' + + @param num: the value to represent + @type num: either a numeric value or a string that can be converted to + a numeric value (as per decimal.Decimal constructor) + + @return: engineering formatted string + """ + dnum = Decimal(str(num)) + + if Decimal.is_nan(dnum): + return "NaN" + + if Decimal.is_infinite(dnum): + return "inf" + + sign = 1 + + if dnum < 0: # pragma: no cover + sign = -1 + dnum = -dnum + + if dnum != 0: + pow10 = Decimal(int(math.floor(dnum.log10() / 3) * 3)) + else: + pow10 = Decimal(0) + + pow10 = pow10.min(max(self.ENG_PREFIXES.keys())) + pow10 = pow10.max(min(self.ENG_PREFIXES.keys())) + int_pow10 = int(pow10) + + if self.use_eng_prefix: + prefix = self.ENG_PREFIXES[int_pow10] + elif int_pow10 < 0: + prefix = f"E-{-int_pow10:02d}" + else: + prefix = f"E+{int_pow10:02d}" + + mant = sign * dnum / (10**pow10) + + if self.accuracy is None: # pragma: no cover + format_str = "{mant: g}{prefix}" + else: + format_str = f"{{mant: .{self.accuracy:d}f}}{{prefix}}" + + formatted = format_str.format(mant=mant, prefix=prefix) + + return formatted + + +def set_eng_float_format(accuracy: int = 3, use_eng_prefix: bool = False) -> None: + """ + Format float representation in DataFrame with SI notation. + + Parameters + ---------- + accuracy : int, default 3 + Number of decimal digits after the floating point. + use_eng_prefix : bool, default False + Whether to represent a value with SI prefixes. + + Returns + ------- + None + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([1e-9, 1e-3, 1, 1e3, 1e6]) + >>> df + 0 + 0 1.000000e-09 + 1 1.000000e-03 + 2 1.000000e+00 + 3 1.000000e+03 + 4 1.000000e+06 + + >>> pd.set_eng_float_format(accuracy=1) + >>> df + 0 + 0 1.0E-09 + 1 1.0E-03 + 2 1.0E+00 + 3 1.0E+03 + 4 1.0E+06 + + >>> pd.set_eng_float_format(use_eng_prefix=True) + >>> df + 0 + 0 1.000n + 1 1.000m + 2 1.000 + 3 1.000k + 4 1.000M + + >>> pd.set_eng_float_format(accuracy=1, use_eng_prefix=True) + >>> df + 0 + 0 1.0n + 1 1.0m + 2 1.0 + 3 1.0k + 4 1.0M + + >>> pd.set_option("display.float_format", None) # unset option + """ + set_option("display.float_format", EngFormatter(accuracy, use_eng_prefix)) + + +def get_level_lengths( + levels: Any, sentinel: bool | object | str = "" +) -> list[dict[int, int]]: + """ + For each index in each level the function returns lengths of indexes. + + Parameters + ---------- + levels : list of lists + List of values on for level. + sentinel : string, optional + Value which states that no new index starts on there. + + Returns + ------- + Returns list of maps. For each level returns map of indexes (key is index + in row and value is length of index). + """ + if len(levels) == 0: + return [] + + control = [True] * len(levels[0]) + + result = [] + for level in levels: + last_index = 0 + + lengths = {} + for i, key in enumerate(level): + if control[i] and key == sentinel: + pass + else: + control[i] = False + lengths[last_index] = i - last_index + last_index = i + + lengths[last_index] = len(level) - last_index + + result.append(lengths) + + return result + + +def buffer_put_lines(buf: WriteBuffer[str], lines: list[str]) -> None: + """ + Appends lines to a buffer. + + Parameters + ---------- + buf + The buffer to write to + lines + The lines to append. + """ + if any(isinstance(x, str) for x in lines): + lines = [str(x) for x in lines] + buf.write("\n".join(lines)) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/html.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/html.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..794ce77b3b45ec38d9fa58a708939e53bb8ae629 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/html.py @@ -0,0 +1,646 @@ +""" +Module for formatting output data in HTML. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from textwrap import dedent +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Final, + cast, +) + +from pandas._config import get_option + +from pandas._libs import lib + +from pandas import ( + MultiIndex, + option_context, +) + +from pandas.io.common import is_url +from pandas.io.formats.format import ( + DataFrameFormatter, + get_level_lengths, +) +from pandas.io.formats.printing import pprint_thing + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Iterable, + Mapping, + ) + + +class HTMLFormatter: + """ + Internal class for formatting output data in html. + This class is intended for shared functionality between + DataFrame.to_html() and DataFrame._repr_html_(). + Any logic in common with other output formatting methods + should ideally be inherited from classes in format.py + and this class responsible for only producing html markup. + """ + + indent_delta: Final = 2 + + def __init__( + self, + formatter: DataFrameFormatter, + classes: str | list[str] | tuple[str, ...] | None = None, + border: int | bool | None = None, + table_id: str | None = None, + render_links: bool = False, + ) -> None: + self.fmt = formatter + self.classes = classes + + self.frame = self.fmt.frame + self.columns = self.fmt.tr_frame.columns + self.elements: list[str] = [] + self.bold_rows = self.fmt.bold_rows + self.escape = self.fmt.escape + self.show_dimensions = self.fmt.show_dimensions + if border is None or border is True: + border = cast(int, get_option("display.html.border")) + elif not border: + border = None + + self.border = border + self.table_id = table_id + self.render_links = render_links + + self.col_space = {} + is_multi_index = isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex) + for column, value in self.fmt.col_space.items(): + col_space_value = f"{value}px" if isinstance(value, int) else value + self.col_space[column] = col_space_value + # GH 53885: Handling case where column is index + # Flatten the data in the multi index and add in the map + if is_multi_index and isinstance(column, tuple): + for column_index in column: + self.col_space[str(column_index)] = col_space_value + + def to_string(self) -> str: + lines = self.render() + if any(isinstance(x, str) for x in lines): + lines = [str(x) for x in lines] + return "\n".join(lines) + + def render(self) -> list[str]: + self._write_table() + + if self.should_show_dimensions: + by = chr(215) # × # noqa: RUF003 + self.write( + f"

{len(self.frame)} rows {by} {len(self.frame.columns)} columns

" + ) + + return self.elements + + @property + def should_show_dimensions(self) -> bool: + return self.fmt.should_show_dimensions + + @property + def show_row_idx_names(self) -> bool: + return self.fmt.show_row_idx_names + + @property + def show_col_idx_names(self) -> bool: + return self.fmt.show_col_idx_names + + @property + def row_levels(self) -> int: + if self.fmt.index: + # showing (row) index + return self.frame.index.nlevels + elif self.show_col_idx_names: + # see gh-22579 + # Column misalignment also occurs for + # a standard index when the columns index is named. + # If the row index is not displayed a column of + # blank cells need to be included before the DataFrame values. + return 1 + # not showing (row) index + return 0 + + def _get_columns_formatted_values(self) -> Iterable: + return self.columns + + @property + def is_truncated(self) -> bool: + return self.fmt.is_truncated + + @property + def ncols(self) -> int: + return len(self.fmt.tr_frame.columns) + + def write(self, s: Any, indent: int = 0) -> None: + rs = pprint_thing(s) + self.elements.append(" " * indent + rs) + + def write_th( + self, s: Any, header: bool = False, indent: int = 0, tags: str | None = None + ) -> None: + """ + Method for writing a formatted . This will + cause min-width to be set if there is one. + indent : int, default 0 + The indentation level of the cell. + tags : str, default None + Tags to include in the cell. + + Returns + ------- + A written ", indent) + else: + self.write(f'', indent) + indent += indent_delta + + for i, s in enumerate(line): + val_tag = tags.get(i, None) + if header or (self.bold_rows and i < nindex_levels): + self.write_th(s, indent=indent, header=header, tags=val_tag) + else: + self.write_td(s, indent, tags=val_tag) + + indent -= indent_delta + self.write("", indent) + + def _write_table(self, indent: int = 0) -> None: + _classes = ["dataframe"] # Default class. + use_mathjax = get_option("display.html.use_mathjax") + if not use_mathjax: + _classes.append("tex2jax_ignore") + if self.classes is not None: + if isinstance(self.classes, str): + self.classes = self.classes.split() + if not isinstance(self.classes, (list, tuple)): + raise TypeError( + "classes must be a string, list, " + f"or tuple, not {type(self.classes)}" + ) + _classes.extend(self.classes) + + if self.table_id is None: + id_section = "" + else: + id_section = f' id="{self.table_id}"' + + if self.border is None: + border_attr = "" + else: + border_attr = f' border="{self.border}"' + + self.write( + f'', + indent, + ) + + if self.fmt.header or self.show_row_idx_names: + self._write_header(indent + self.indent_delta) + + self._write_body(indent + self.indent_delta) + + self.write("
cell. + + If col_space is set on the formatter then that is used for + the value of min-width. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : object + The data to be written inside the cell. + header : bool, default False + Set to True if the is for use inside
cell. + """ + col_space = self.col_space.get(s, None) + + if header and col_space is not None: + tags = tags or "" + tags += f'style="min-width: {col_space};"' + + self._write_cell(s, kind="th", indent=indent, tags=tags) + + def write_td(self, s: Any, indent: int = 0, tags: str | None = None) -> None: + self._write_cell(s, kind="td", indent=indent, tags=tags) + + def _write_cell( + self, s: Any, kind: str = "td", indent: int = 0, tags: str | None = None + ) -> None: + if tags is not None: + start_tag = f"<{kind} {tags}>" + else: + start_tag = f"<{kind}>" + + if self.escape: + # escape & first to prevent double escaping of & + esc = {"&": r"&", "<": r"<", ">": r">"} + else: + esc = {} + + rs = pprint_thing(s, escape_chars=esc).strip() + + if self.render_links and is_url(rs): + rs_unescaped = pprint_thing(s, escape_chars={}).strip() + start_tag += f'' + end_a = "" + else: + end_a = "" + + self.write(f"{start_tag}{rs}{end_a}", indent) + + def write_tr( + self, + line: Iterable, + indent: int = 0, + indent_delta: int = 0, + header: bool = False, + align: str | None = None, + tags: dict[int, str] | None = None, + nindex_levels: int = 0, + ) -> None: + if tags is None: + tags = {} + + if align is None: + self.write("
", indent) + + def _write_col_header(self, indent: int) -> None: + row: list[Hashable] + is_truncated_horizontally = self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally + if isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex): + template = 'colspan="{span:d}" halign="left"' + + sentinel: lib.NoDefault | bool + if self.fmt.sparsify: + # GH3547 + sentinel = lib.no_default + else: + sentinel = False + levels = self.columns._format_multi(sparsify=sentinel, include_names=False) + level_lengths = get_level_lengths(levels, sentinel) + inner_lvl = len(level_lengths) - 1 + for lnum, (records, values) in enumerate(zip(level_lengths, levels)): + if is_truncated_horizontally: + # modify the header lines + ins_col = self.fmt.tr_col_num + if self.fmt.sparsify: + recs_new = {} + # Increment tags after ... col. + for tag, span in list(records.items()): + if tag >= ins_col: + recs_new[tag + 1] = span + elif tag + span > ins_col: + recs_new[tag] = span + 1 + if lnum == inner_lvl: + values = ( + values[:ins_col] + ("...",) + values[ins_col:] + ) + else: + # sparse col headers do not receive a ... + values = ( + values[:ins_col] + + (values[ins_col - 1],) + + values[ins_col:] + ) + else: + recs_new[tag] = span + # if ins_col lies between tags, all col headers + # get ... + if tag + span == ins_col: + recs_new[ins_col] = 1 + values = values[:ins_col] + ("...",) + values[ins_col:] + records = recs_new + inner_lvl = len(level_lengths) - 1 + if lnum == inner_lvl: + records[ins_col] = 1 + else: + recs_new = {} + for tag, span in list(records.items()): + if tag >= ins_col: + recs_new[tag + 1] = span + else: + recs_new[tag] = span + recs_new[ins_col] = 1 + records = recs_new + values = values[:ins_col] + ["..."] + values[ins_col:] + + # see gh-22579 + # Column Offset Bug with to_html(index=False) with + # MultiIndex Columns and Index. + # Initially fill row with blank cells before column names. + # TODO: Refactor to remove code duplication with code + # block below for standard columns index. + row = [""] * (self.row_levels - 1) + if self.fmt.index or self.show_col_idx_names: + # see gh-22747 + # If to_html(index_names=False) do not show columns + # index names. + # TODO: Refactor to use _get_column_name_list from + # DataFrameFormatter class and create a + # _get_formatted_column_labels function for code + # parity with DataFrameFormatter class. + if self.fmt.show_index_names: + name = self.columns.names[lnum] + row.append(pprint_thing(name or "")) + else: + row.append("") + + tags = {} + j = len(row) + for i, v in enumerate(values): + if i in records: + if records[i] > 1: + tags[j] = template.format(span=records[i]) + else: + continue + j += 1 + row.append(v) + self.write_tr(row, indent, self.indent_delta, tags=tags, header=True) + else: + # see gh-22579 + # Column misalignment also occurs for + # a standard index when the columns index is named. + # Initially fill row with blank cells before column names. + # TODO: Refactor to remove code duplication with code block + # above for columns MultiIndex. + row = [""] * (self.row_levels - 1) + if self.fmt.index or self.show_col_idx_names: + # see gh-22747 + # If to_html(index_names=False) do not show columns + # index names. + # TODO: Refactor to use _get_column_name_list from + # DataFrameFormatter class. + if self.fmt.show_index_names: + row.append(self.columns.name or "") + else: + row.append("") + row.extend(self._get_columns_formatted_values()) + align = self.fmt.justify + + if is_truncated_horizontally: + ins_col = self.row_levels + self.fmt.tr_col_num + row.insert(ins_col, "...") + + self.write_tr(row, indent, self.indent_delta, header=True, align=align) + + def _write_row_header(self, indent: int) -> None: + is_truncated_horizontally = self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally + row = [x if x is not None else "" for x in self.frame.index.names] + [""] * ( + self.ncols + (1 if is_truncated_horizontally else 0) + ) + self.write_tr(row, indent, self.indent_delta, header=True) + + def _write_header(self, indent: int) -> None: + self.write("", indent) + + if self.fmt.header: + self._write_col_header(indent + self.indent_delta) + + if self.show_row_idx_names: + self._write_row_header(indent + self.indent_delta) + + self.write("", indent) + + def _get_formatted_values(self) -> dict[int, list[str]]: + with option_context("display.max_colwidth", None): + fmt_values = {i: self.fmt.format_col(i) for i in range(self.ncols)} + return fmt_values + + def _write_body(self, indent: int) -> None: + self.write("", indent) + fmt_values = self._get_formatted_values() + + # write values + if self.fmt.index and isinstance(self.frame.index, MultiIndex): + self._write_hierarchical_rows(fmt_values, indent + self.indent_delta) + else: + self._write_regular_rows(fmt_values, indent + self.indent_delta) + + self.write("", indent) + + def _write_regular_rows( + self, fmt_values: Mapping[int, list[str]], indent: int + ) -> None: + is_truncated_horizontally = self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally + is_truncated_vertically = self.fmt.is_truncated_vertically + + nrows = len(self.fmt.tr_frame) + + if self.fmt.index: + fmt = self.fmt._get_formatter("__index__") + if fmt is not None: + index_values = self.fmt.tr_frame.index.map(fmt) + else: + # only reached with non-Multi index + index_values = self.fmt.tr_frame.index._format_flat(include_name=False) + + row: list[str] = [] + for i in range(nrows): + if is_truncated_vertically and i == (self.fmt.tr_row_num): + str_sep_row = ["..."] * len(row) + self.write_tr( + str_sep_row, + indent, + self.indent_delta, + tags=None, + nindex_levels=self.row_levels, + ) + + row = [] + if self.fmt.index: + row.append(index_values[i]) + # see gh-22579 + # Column misalignment also occurs for + # a standard index when the columns index is named. + # Add blank cell before data cells. + elif self.show_col_idx_names: + row.append("") + row.extend(fmt_values[j][i] for j in range(self.ncols)) + + if is_truncated_horizontally: + dot_col_ix = self.fmt.tr_col_num + self.row_levels + row.insert(dot_col_ix, "...") + self.write_tr( + row, indent, self.indent_delta, tags=None, nindex_levels=self.row_levels + ) + + def _write_hierarchical_rows( + self, fmt_values: Mapping[int, list[str]], indent: int + ) -> None: + template = 'rowspan="{span}" valign="top"' + + is_truncated_horizontally = self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally + is_truncated_vertically = self.fmt.is_truncated_vertically + frame = self.fmt.tr_frame + nrows = len(frame) + + assert isinstance(frame.index, MultiIndex) + idx_values = frame.index._format_multi(sparsify=False, include_names=False) + idx_values = list(zip(*idx_values)) + + if self.fmt.sparsify: + # GH3547 + sentinel = lib.no_default + levels = frame.index._format_multi(sparsify=sentinel, include_names=False) + + level_lengths = get_level_lengths(levels, sentinel) + inner_lvl = len(level_lengths) - 1 + if is_truncated_vertically: + # Insert ... row and adjust idx_values and + # level_lengths to take this into account. + ins_row = self.fmt.tr_row_num + inserted = False + for lnum, records in enumerate(level_lengths): + rec_new = {} + for tag, span in list(records.items()): + if tag >= ins_row: + rec_new[tag + 1] = span + elif tag + span > ins_row: + rec_new[tag] = span + 1 + + # GH 14882 - Make sure insertion done once + if not inserted: + dot_row = list(idx_values[ins_row - 1]) + dot_row[-1] = "..." + idx_values.insert(ins_row, tuple(dot_row)) + inserted = True + else: + dot_row = list(idx_values[ins_row]) + dot_row[inner_lvl - lnum] = "..." + idx_values[ins_row] = tuple(dot_row) + else: + rec_new[tag] = span + # If ins_row lies between tags, all cols idx cols + # receive ... + if tag + span == ins_row: + rec_new[ins_row] = 1 + if lnum == 0: + idx_values.insert( + ins_row, tuple(["..."] * len(level_lengths)) + ) + + # GH 14882 - Place ... in correct level + elif inserted: + dot_row = list(idx_values[ins_row]) + dot_row[inner_lvl - lnum] = "..." + idx_values[ins_row] = tuple(dot_row) + level_lengths[lnum] = rec_new + + level_lengths[inner_lvl][ins_row] = 1 + for ix_col in fmt_values: + fmt_values[ix_col].insert(ins_row, "...") + nrows += 1 + + for i in range(nrows): + row = [] + tags = {} + + sparse_offset = 0 + j = 0 + for records, v in zip(level_lengths, idx_values[i]): + if i in records: + if records[i] > 1: + tags[j] = template.format(span=records[i]) + else: + sparse_offset += 1 + continue + + j += 1 + row.append(v) + + row.extend(fmt_values[j][i] for j in range(self.ncols)) + if is_truncated_horizontally: + row.insert( + self.row_levels - sparse_offset + self.fmt.tr_col_num, "..." + ) + self.write_tr( + row, + indent, + self.indent_delta, + tags=tags, + nindex_levels=len(levels) - sparse_offset, + ) + else: + row = [] + for i in range(len(frame)): + if is_truncated_vertically and i == (self.fmt.tr_row_num): + str_sep_row = ["..."] * len(row) + self.write_tr( + str_sep_row, + indent, + self.indent_delta, + tags=None, + nindex_levels=self.row_levels, + ) + + idx_values = list( + zip(*frame.index._format_multi(sparsify=False, include_names=False)) + ) + row = [] + row.extend(idx_values[i]) + row.extend(fmt_values[j][i] for j in range(self.ncols)) + if is_truncated_horizontally: + row.insert(self.row_levels + self.fmt.tr_col_num, "...") + self.write_tr( + row, + indent, + self.indent_delta, + tags=None, + nindex_levels=frame.index.nlevels, + ) + + +class NotebookFormatter(HTMLFormatter): + """ + Internal class for formatting output data in html for display in Jupyter + Notebooks. This class is intended for functionality specific to + DataFrame._repr_html_() and DataFrame.to_html(notebook=True) + """ + + def _get_formatted_values(self) -> dict[int, list[str]]: + return {i: self.fmt.format_col(i) for i in range(self.ncols)} + + def _get_columns_formatted_values(self) -> list[str]: + # only reached with non-Multi Index + return self.columns._format_flat(include_name=False) + + def write_style(self) -> None: + # We use the "scoped" attribute here so that the desired + # style properties for the data frame are not then applied + # throughout the entire notebook. + template_first = """\ + """ + template_select = """\ + .dataframe %s { + %s: %s; + }""" + element_props = [ + ("tbody tr th:only-of-type", "vertical-align", "middle"), + ("tbody tr th", "vertical-align", "top"), + ] + if isinstance(self.columns, MultiIndex): + element_props.append(("thead tr th", "text-align", "left")) + if self.show_row_idx_names: + element_props.append( + ("thead tr:last-of-type th", "text-align", "right") + ) + else: + element_props.append(("thead th", "text-align", "right")) + template_mid = "\n\n".join(template_select % t for t in element_props) + template = dedent(f"{template_first}\n{template_mid}\n{template_last}") + self.write(template) + + def render(self) -> list[str]: + self.write("
") + self.write_style() + super().render() + self.write("
") + return self.elements diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/info.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/info.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..552affbd053f2bed3f4d5f678ddf8eb293f65b01 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/info.py @@ -0,0 +1,1101 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +from abc import ( + ABC, + abstractmethod, +) +import sys +from textwrap import dedent +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +from pandas._config import get_option + +from pandas.io.formats import format as fmt +from pandas.io.formats.printing import pprint_thing + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Iterable, + Iterator, + Mapping, + Sequence, + ) + + from pandas._typing import ( + Dtype, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import ( + DataFrame, + Index, + Series, + ) + + +frame_max_cols_sub = dedent( + """\ + max_cols : int, optional + When to switch from the verbose to the truncated output. If the + DataFrame has more than `max_cols` columns, the truncated output + is used. By default, the setting in + ``pandas.options.display.max_info_columns`` is used.""" +) + + +show_counts_sub = dedent( + """\ + show_counts : bool, optional + Whether to show the non-null counts. By default, this is shown + only if the DataFrame is smaller than + ``pandas.options.display.max_info_rows`` and + ``pandas.options.display.max_info_columns``. A value of True always + shows the counts, and False never shows the counts.""" +) + + +frame_examples_sub = dedent( + """\ + >>> int_values = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + >>> text_values = ['alpha', 'beta', 'gamma', 'delta', 'epsilon'] + >>> float_values = [0.0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0] + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"int_col": int_values, "text_col": text_values, + ... "float_col": float_values}) + >>> df + int_col text_col float_col + 0 1 alpha 0.00 + 1 2 beta 0.25 + 2 3 gamma 0.50 + 3 4 delta 0.75 + 4 5 epsilon 1.00 + + Prints information of all columns: + + >>> df.info(verbose=True) + + RangeIndex: 5 entries, 0 to 4 + Data columns (total 3 columns): + # Column Non-Null Count Dtype + --- ------ -------------- ----- + 0 int_col 5 non-null int64 + 1 text_col 5 non-null object + 2 float_col 5 non-null float64 + dtypes: float64(1), int64(1), object(1) + memory usage: 248.0+ bytes + + Prints a summary of columns count and its dtypes but not per column + information: + + >>> df.info(verbose=False) + + RangeIndex: 5 entries, 0 to 4 + Columns: 3 entries, int_col to float_col + dtypes: float64(1), int64(1), object(1) + memory usage: 248.0+ bytes + + Pipe output of DataFrame.info to buffer instead of sys.stdout, get + buffer content and writes to a text file: + + >>> import io + >>> buffer = io.StringIO() + >>> df.info(buf=buffer) + >>> s = buffer.getvalue() + >>> with open("df_info.txt", "w", + ... encoding="utf-8") as f: # doctest: +SKIP + ... f.write(s) + 260 + + The `memory_usage` parameter allows deep introspection mode, specially + useful for big DataFrames and fine-tune memory optimization: + + >>> random_strings_array = np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6) + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({ + ... 'column_1': np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6), + ... 'column_2': np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6), + ... 'column_3': np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6) + ... }) + >>> df.info() + + RangeIndex: 1000000 entries, 0 to 999999 + Data columns (total 3 columns): + # Column Non-Null Count Dtype + --- ------ -------------- ----- + 0 column_1 1000000 non-null object + 1 column_2 1000000 non-null object + 2 column_3 1000000 non-null object + dtypes: object(3) + memory usage: 22.9+ MB + + >>> df.info(memory_usage='deep') + + RangeIndex: 1000000 entries, 0 to 999999 + Data columns (total 3 columns): + # Column Non-Null Count Dtype + --- ------ -------------- ----- + 0 column_1 1000000 non-null object + 1 column_2 1000000 non-null object + 2 column_3 1000000 non-null object + dtypes: object(3) + memory usage: 165.9 MB""" +) + + +frame_see_also_sub = dedent( + """\ + DataFrame.describe: Generate descriptive statistics of DataFrame + columns. + DataFrame.memory_usage: Memory usage of DataFrame columns.""" +) + + +frame_sub_kwargs = { + "klass": "DataFrame", + "type_sub": " and columns", + "max_cols_sub": frame_max_cols_sub, + "show_counts_sub": show_counts_sub, + "examples_sub": frame_examples_sub, + "see_also_sub": frame_see_also_sub, + "version_added_sub": "", +} + + +series_examples_sub = dedent( + """\ + >>> int_values = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] + >>> text_values = ['alpha', 'beta', 'gamma', 'delta', 'epsilon'] + >>> s = pd.Series(text_values, index=int_values) + >>> s.info() + + Index: 5 entries, 1 to 5 + Series name: None + Non-Null Count Dtype + -------------- ----- + 5 non-null object + dtypes: object(1) + memory usage: 80.0+ bytes + + Prints a summary excluding information about its values: + + >>> s.info(verbose=False) + + Index: 5 entries, 1 to 5 + dtypes: object(1) + memory usage: 80.0+ bytes + + Pipe output of Series.info to buffer instead of sys.stdout, get + buffer content and writes to a text file: + + >>> import io + >>> buffer = io.StringIO() + >>> s.info(buf=buffer) + >>> s = buffer.getvalue() + >>> with open("df_info.txt", "w", + ... encoding="utf-8") as f: # doctest: +SKIP + ... f.write(s) + 260 + + The `memory_usage` parameter allows deep introspection mode, specially + useful for big Series and fine-tune memory optimization: + + >>> random_strings_array = np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6) + >>> s = pd.Series(np.random.choice(['a', 'b', 'c'], 10 ** 6)) + >>> s.info() + + RangeIndex: 1000000 entries, 0 to 999999 + Series name: None + Non-Null Count Dtype + -------------- ----- + 1000000 non-null object + dtypes: object(1) + memory usage: 7.6+ MB + + >>> s.info(memory_usage='deep') + + RangeIndex: 1000000 entries, 0 to 999999 + Series name: None + Non-Null Count Dtype + -------------- ----- + 1000000 non-null object + dtypes: object(1) + memory usage: 55.3 MB""" +) + + +series_see_also_sub = dedent( + """\ + Series.describe: Generate descriptive statistics of Series. + Series.memory_usage: Memory usage of Series.""" +) + + +series_sub_kwargs = { + "klass": "Series", + "type_sub": "", + "max_cols_sub": "", + "show_counts_sub": show_counts_sub, + "examples_sub": series_examples_sub, + "see_also_sub": series_see_also_sub, + "version_added_sub": "\n.. versionadded:: 1.4.0\n", +} + + +INFO_DOCSTRING = dedent( + """ + Print a concise summary of a {klass}. + + This method prints information about a {klass} including + the index dtype{type_sub}, non-null values and memory usage. + {version_added_sub}\ + + Parameters + ---------- + verbose : bool, optional + Whether to print the full summary. By default, the setting in + ``pandas.options.display.max_info_columns`` is followed. + buf : writable buffer, defaults to sys.stdout + Where to send the output. By default, the output is printed to + sys.stdout. Pass a writable buffer if you need to further process + the output. + {max_cols_sub} + memory_usage : bool, str, optional + Specifies whether total memory usage of the {klass} + elements (including the index) should be displayed. By default, + this follows the ``pandas.options.display.memory_usage`` setting. + + True always show memory usage. False never shows memory usage. + A value of 'deep' is equivalent to "True with deep introspection". + Memory usage is shown in human-readable units (base-2 + representation). Without deep introspection a memory estimation is + made based in column dtype and number of rows assuming values + consume the same memory amount for corresponding dtypes. With deep + memory introspection, a real memory usage calculation is performed + at the cost of computational resources. See the + :ref:`Frequently Asked Questions ` for more + details. + {show_counts_sub} + + Returns + ------- + None + This method prints a summary of a {klass} and returns None. + + See Also + -------- + {see_also_sub} + + Examples + -------- + {examples_sub} + """ +) + + +def _put_str(s: str | Dtype, space: int) -> str: + """ + Make string of specified length, padding to the right if necessary. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : Union[str, Dtype] + String to be formatted. + space : int + Length to force string to be of. + + Returns + ------- + str + String coerced to given length. + + Examples + -------- + >>> pd.io.formats.info._put_str("panda", 6) + 'panda ' + >>> pd.io.formats.info._put_str("panda", 4) + 'pand' + """ + return str(s)[:space].ljust(space) + + +def _sizeof_fmt(num: float, size_qualifier: str) -> str: + """ + Return size in human readable format. + + Parameters + ---------- + num : int + Size in bytes. + size_qualifier : str + Either empty, or '+' (if lower bound). + + Returns + ------- + str + Size in human readable format. + + Examples + -------- + >>> _sizeof_fmt(23028, '') + '22.5 KB' + + >>> _sizeof_fmt(23028, '+') + '22.5+ KB' + """ + for x in ["bytes", "KB", "MB", "GB", "TB"]: + if num < 1024.0: + return f"{num:3.1f}{size_qualifier} {x}" + num /= 1024.0 + return f"{num:3.1f}{size_qualifier} PB" + + +def _initialize_memory_usage( + memory_usage: bool | str | None = None, +) -> bool | str: + """Get memory usage based on inputs and display options.""" + if memory_usage is None: + memory_usage = get_option("display.memory_usage") + return memory_usage + + +class _BaseInfo(ABC): + """ + Base class for DataFrameInfo and SeriesInfo. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : DataFrame or Series + Either dataframe or series. + memory_usage : bool or str, optional + If "deep", introspect the data deeply by interrogating object dtypes + for system-level memory consumption, and include it in the returned + values. + """ + + data: DataFrame | Series + memory_usage: bool | str + + @property + @abstractmethod + def dtypes(self) -> Iterable[Dtype]: + """ + Dtypes. + + Returns + ------- + dtypes : sequence + Dtype of each of the DataFrame's columns (or one series column). + """ + + @property + @abstractmethod + def dtype_counts(self) -> Mapping[str, int]: + """Mapping dtype - number of counts.""" + + @property + @abstractmethod + def non_null_counts(self) -> Sequence[int]: + """Sequence of non-null counts for all columns or column (if series).""" + + @property + @abstractmethod + def memory_usage_bytes(self) -> int: + """ + Memory usage in bytes. + + Returns + ------- + memory_usage_bytes : int + Object's total memory usage in bytes. + """ + + @property + def memory_usage_string(self) -> str: + """Memory usage in a form of human readable string.""" + return f"{_sizeof_fmt(self.memory_usage_bytes, self.size_qualifier)}\n" + + @property + def size_qualifier(self) -> str: + size_qualifier = "" + if self.memory_usage: + if self.memory_usage != "deep": + # size_qualifier is just a best effort; not guaranteed to catch + # all cases (e.g., it misses categorical data even with object + # categories) + if ( + "object" in self.dtype_counts + or self.data.index._is_memory_usage_qualified() + ): + size_qualifier = "+" + return size_qualifier + + @abstractmethod + def render( + self, + *, + buf: WriteBuffer[str] | None, + max_cols: int | None, + verbose: bool | None, + show_counts: bool | None, + ) -> None: + pass + + +class DataFrameInfo(_BaseInfo): + """ + Class storing dataframe-specific info. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + data: DataFrame, + memory_usage: bool | str | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.data: DataFrame = data + self.memory_usage = _initialize_memory_usage(memory_usage) + + @property + def dtype_counts(self) -> Mapping[str, int]: + return _get_dataframe_dtype_counts(self.data) + + @property + def dtypes(self) -> Iterable[Dtype]: + """ + Dtypes. + + Returns + ------- + dtypes + Dtype of each of the DataFrame's columns. + """ + return self.data.dtypes + + @property + def ids(self) -> Index: + """ + Column names. + + Returns + ------- + ids : Index + DataFrame's column names. + """ + return self.data.columns + + @property + def col_count(self) -> int: + """Number of columns to be summarized.""" + return len(self.ids) + + @property + def non_null_counts(self) -> Sequence[int]: + """Sequence of non-null counts for all columns or column (if series).""" + return self.data.count() + + @property + def memory_usage_bytes(self) -> int: + deep = self.memory_usage == "deep" + return self.data.memory_usage(index=True, deep=deep).sum() + + def render( + self, + *, + buf: WriteBuffer[str] | None, + max_cols: int | None, + verbose: bool | None, + show_counts: bool | None, + ) -> None: + printer = _DataFrameInfoPrinter( + info=self, + max_cols=max_cols, + verbose=verbose, + show_counts=show_counts, + ) + printer.to_buffer(buf) + + +class SeriesInfo(_BaseInfo): + """ + Class storing series-specific info. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + data: Series, + memory_usage: bool | str | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.data: Series = data + self.memory_usage = _initialize_memory_usage(memory_usage) + + def render( + self, + *, + buf: WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + max_cols: int | None = None, + verbose: bool | None = None, + show_counts: bool | None = None, + ) -> None: + if max_cols is not None: + raise ValueError( + "Argument `max_cols` can only be passed " + "in DataFrame.info, not Series.info" + ) + printer = _SeriesInfoPrinter( + info=self, + verbose=verbose, + show_counts=show_counts, + ) + printer.to_buffer(buf) + + @property + def non_null_counts(self) -> Sequence[int]: + return [self.data.count()] + + @property + def dtypes(self) -> Iterable[Dtype]: + return [self.data.dtypes] + + @property + def dtype_counts(self) -> Mapping[str, int]: + from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame + + return _get_dataframe_dtype_counts(DataFrame(self.data)) + + @property + def memory_usage_bytes(self) -> int: + """Memory usage in bytes. + + Returns + ------- + memory_usage_bytes : int + Object's total memory usage in bytes. + """ + deep = self.memory_usage == "deep" + return self.data.memory_usage(index=True, deep=deep) + + +class _InfoPrinterAbstract: + """ + Class for printing dataframe or series info. + """ + + def to_buffer(self, buf: WriteBuffer[str] | None = None) -> None: + """Save dataframe info into buffer.""" + table_builder = self._create_table_builder() + lines = table_builder.get_lines() + if buf is None: # pragma: no cover + buf = sys.stdout + fmt.buffer_put_lines(buf, lines) + + @abstractmethod + def _create_table_builder(self) -> _TableBuilderAbstract: + """Create instance of table builder.""" + + +class _DataFrameInfoPrinter(_InfoPrinterAbstract): + """ + Class for printing dataframe info. + + Parameters + ---------- + info : DataFrameInfo + Instance of DataFrameInfo. + max_cols : int, optional + When to switch from the verbose to the truncated output. + verbose : bool, optional + Whether to print the full summary. + show_counts : bool, optional + Whether to show the non-null counts. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + info: DataFrameInfo, + max_cols: int | None = None, + verbose: bool | None = None, + show_counts: bool | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.info = info + self.data = info.data + self.verbose = verbose + self.max_cols = self._initialize_max_cols(max_cols) + self.show_counts = self._initialize_show_counts(show_counts) + + @property + def max_rows(self) -> int: + """Maximum info rows to be displayed.""" + return get_option("display.max_info_rows", len(self.data) + 1) + + @property + def exceeds_info_cols(self) -> bool: + """Check if number of columns to be summarized does not exceed maximum.""" + return bool(self.col_count > self.max_cols) + + @property + def exceeds_info_rows(self) -> bool: + """Check if number of rows to be summarized does not exceed maximum.""" + return bool(len(self.data) > self.max_rows) + + @property + def col_count(self) -> int: + """Number of columns to be summarized.""" + return self.info.col_count + + def _initialize_max_cols(self, max_cols: int | None) -> int: + if max_cols is None: + return get_option("display.max_info_columns", self.col_count + 1) + return max_cols + + def _initialize_show_counts(self, show_counts: bool | None) -> bool: + if show_counts is None: + return bool(not self.exceeds_info_cols and not self.exceeds_info_rows) + else: + return show_counts + + def _create_table_builder(self) -> _DataFrameTableBuilder: + """ + Create instance of table builder based on verbosity and display settings. + """ + if self.verbose: + return _DataFrameTableBuilderVerbose( + info=self.info, + with_counts=self.show_counts, + ) + elif self.verbose is False: # specifically set to False, not necessarily None + return _DataFrameTableBuilderNonVerbose(info=self.info) + elif self.exceeds_info_cols: + return _DataFrameTableBuilderNonVerbose(info=self.info) + else: + return _DataFrameTableBuilderVerbose( + info=self.info, + with_counts=self.show_counts, + ) + + +class _SeriesInfoPrinter(_InfoPrinterAbstract): + """Class for printing series info. + + Parameters + ---------- + info : SeriesInfo + Instance of SeriesInfo. + verbose : bool, optional + Whether to print the full summary. + show_counts : bool, optional + Whether to show the non-null counts. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + info: SeriesInfo, + verbose: bool | None = None, + show_counts: bool | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.info = info + self.data = info.data + self.verbose = verbose + self.show_counts = self._initialize_show_counts(show_counts) + + def _create_table_builder(self) -> _SeriesTableBuilder: + """ + Create instance of table builder based on verbosity. + """ + if self.verbose or self.verbose is None: + return _SeriesTableBuilderVerbose( + info=self.info, + with_counts=self.show_counts, + ) + else: + return _SeriesTableBuilderNonVerbose(info=self.info) + + def _initialize_show_counts(self, show_counts: bool | None) -> bool: + if show_counts is None: + return True + else: + return show_counts + + +class _TableBuilderAbstract(ABC): + """ + Abstract builder for info table. + """ + + _lines: list[str] + info: _BaseInfo + + @abstractmethod + def get_lines(self) -> list[str]: + """Product in a form of list of lines (strings).""" + + @property + def data(self) -> DataFrame | Series: + return self.info.data + + @property + def dtypes(self) -> Iterable[Dtype]: + """Dtypes of each of the DataFrame's columns.""" + return self.info.dtypes + + @property + def dtype_counts(self) -> Mapping[str, int]: + """Mapping dtype - number of counts.""" + return self.info.dtype_counts + + @property + def display_memory_usage(self) -> bool: + """Whether to display memory usage.""" + return bool(self.info.memory_usage) + + @property + def memory_usage_string(self) -> str: + """Memory usage string with proper size qualifier.""" + return self.info.memory_usage_string + + @property + def non_null_counts(self) -> Sequence[int]: + return self.info.non_null_counts + + def add_object_type_line(self) -> None: + """Add line with string representation of dataframe to the table.""" + self._lines.append(str(type(self.data))) + + def add_index_range_line(self) -> None: + """Add line with range of indices to the table.""" + self._lines.append(self.data.index._summary()) + + def add_dtypes_line(self) -> None: + """Add summary line with dtypes present in dataframe.""" + collected_dtypes = [ + f"{key}({val:d})" for key, val in sorted(self.dtype_counts.items()) + ] + self._lines.append(f"dtypes: {', '.join(collected_dtypes)}") + + +class _DataFrameTableBuilder(_TableBuilderAbstract): + """ + Abstract builder for dataframe info table. + + Parameters + ---------- + info : DataFrameInfo. + Instance of DataFrameInfo. + """ + + def __init__(self, *, info: DataFrameInfo) -> None: + self.info: DataFrameInfo = info + + def get_lines(self) -> list[str]: + self._lines = [] + if self.col_count == 0: + self._fill_empty_info() + else: + self._fill_non_empty_info() + return self._lines + + def _fill_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to empty dataframe.""" + self.add_object_type_line() + self.add_index_range_line() + self._lines.append(f"Empty {type(self.data).__name__}\n") + + @abstractmethod + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty dataframe.""" + + @property + def data(self) -> DataFrame: + """DataFrame.""" + return self.info.data + + @property + def ids(self) -> Index: + """Dataframe columns.""" + return self.info.ids + + @property + def col_count(self) -> int: + """Number of dataframe columns to be summarized.""" + return self.info.col_count + + def add_memory_usage_line(self) -> None: + """Add line containing memory usage.""" + self._lines.append(f"memory usage: {self.memory_usage_string}") + + +class _DataFrameTableBuilderNonVerbose(_DataFrameTableBuilder): + """ + Dataframe info table builder for non-verbose output. + """ + + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty dataframe.""" + self.add_object_type_line() + self.add_index_range_line() + self.add_columns_summary_line() + self.add_dtypes_line() + if self.display_memory_usage: + self.add_memory_usage_line() + + def add_columns_summary_line(self) -> None: + self._lines.append(self.ids._summary(name="Columns")) + + +class _TableBuilderVerboseMixin(_TableBuilderAbstract): + """ + Mixin for verbose info output. + """ + + SPACING: str = " " * 2 + strrows: Sequence[Sequence[str]] + gross_column_widths: Sequence[int] + with_counts: bool + + @property + @abstractmethod + def headers(self) -> Sequence[str]: + """Headers names of the columns in verbose table.""" + + @property + def header_column_widths(self) -> Sequence[int]: + """Widths of header columns (only titles).""" + return [len(col) for col in self.headers] + + def _get_gross_column_widths(self) -> Sequence[int]: + """Get widths of columns containing both headers and actual content.""" + body_column_widths = self._get_body_column_widths() + return [ + max(*widths) + for widths in zip(self.header_column_widths, body_column_widths) + ] + + def _get_body_column_widths(self) -> Sequence[int]: + """Get widths of table content columns.""" + strcols: Sequence[Sequence[str]] = list(zip(*self.strrows)) + return [max(len(x) for x in col) for col in strcols] + + def _gen_rows(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """ + Generator function yielding rows content. + + Each element represents a row comprising a sequence of strings. + """ + if self.with_counts: + return self._gen_rows_with_counts() + else: + return self._gen_rows_without_counts() + + @abstractmethod + def _gen_rows_with_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data with counts.""" + + @abstractmethod + def _gen_rows_without_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data without counts.""" + + def add_header_line(self) -> None: + header_line = self.SPACING.join( + [ + _put_str(header, col_width) + for header, col_width in zip(self.headers, self.gross_column_widths) + ] + ) + self._lines.append(header_line) + + def add_separator_line(self) -> None: + separator_line = self.SPACING.join( + [ + _put_str("-" * header_colwidth, gross_colwidth) + for header_colwidth, gross_colwidth in zip( + self.header_column_widths, self.gross_column_widths + ) + ] + ) + self._lines.append(separator_line) + + def add_body_lines(self) -> None: + for row in self.strrows: + body_line = self.SPACING.join( + [ + _put_str(col, gross_colwidth) + for col, gross_colwidth in zip(row, self.gross_column_widths) + ] + ) + self._lines.append(body_line) + + def _gen_non_null_counts(self) -> Iterator[str]: + """Iterator with string representation of non-null counts.""" + for count in self.non_null_counts: + yield f"{count} non-null" + + def _gen_dtypes(self) -> Iterator[str]: + """Iterator with string representation of column dtypes.""" + for dtype in self.dtypes: + yield pprint_thing(dtype) + + +class _DataFrameTableBuilderVerbose(_DataFrameTableBuilder, _TableBuilderVerboseMixin): + """ + Dataframe info table builder for verbose output. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + *, + info: DataFrameInfo, + with_counts: bool, + ) -> None: + self.info = info + self.with_counts = with_counts + self.strrows: Sequence[Sequence[str]] = list(self._gen_rows()) + self.gross_column_widths: Sequence[int] = self._get_gross_column_widths() + + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty dataframe.""" + self.add_object_type_line() + self.add_index_range_line() + self.add_columns_summary_line() + self.add_header_line() + self.add_separator_line() + self.add_body_lines() + self.add_dtypes_line() + if self.display_memory_usage: + self.add_memory_usage_line() + + @property + def headers(self) -> Sequence[str]: + """Headers names of the columns in verbose table.""" + if self.with_counts: + return [" # ", "Column", "Non-Null Count", "Dtype"] + return [" # ", "Column", "Dtype"] + + def add_columns_summary_line(self) -> None: + self._lines.append(f"Data columns (total {self.col_count} columns):") + + def _gen_rows_without_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data without counts.""" + yield from zip( + self._gen_line_numbers(), + self._gen_columns(), + self._gen_dtypes(), + ) + + def _gen_rows_with_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data with counts.""" + yield from zip( + self._gen_line_numbers(), + self._gen_columns(), + self._gen_non_null_counts(), + self._gen_dtypes(), + ) + + def _gen_line_numbers(self) -> Iterator[str]: + """Iterator with string representation of column numbers.""" + for i, _ in enumerate(self.ids): + yield f" {i}" + + def _gen_columns(self) -> Iterator[str]: + """Iterator with string representation of column names.""" + for col in self.ids: + yield pprint_thing(col) + + +class _SeriesTableBuilder(_TableBuilderAbstract): + """ + Abstract builder for series info table. + + Parameters + ---------- + info : SeriesInfo. + Instance of SeriesInfo. + """ + + def __init__(self, *, info: SeriesInfo) -> None: + self.info: SeriesInfo = info + + def get_lines(self) -> list[str]: + self._lines = [] + self._fill_non_empty_info() + return self._lines + + @property + def data(self) -> Series: + """Series.""" + return self.info.data + + def add_memory_usage_line(self) -> None: + """Add line containing memory usage.""" + self._lines.append(f"memory usage: {self.memory_usage_string}") + + @abstractmethod + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty series.""" + + +class _SeriesTableBuilderNonVerbose(_SeriesTableBuilder): + """ + Series info table builder for non-verbose output. + """ + + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty series.""" + self.add_object_type_line() + self.add_index_range_line() + self.add_dtypes_line() + if self.display_memory_usage: + self.add_memory_usage_line() + + +class _SeriesTableBuilderVerbose(_SeriesTableBuilder, _TableBuilderVerboseMixin): + """ + Series info table builder for verbose output. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + *, + info: SeriesInfo, + with_counts: bool, + ) -> None: + self.info = info + self.with_counts = with_counts + self.strrows: Sequence[Sequence[str]] = list(self._gen_rows()) + self.gross_column_widths: Sequence[int] = self._get_gross_column_widths() + + def _fill_non_empty_info(self) -> None: + """Add lines to the info table, pertaining to non-empty series.""" + self.add_object_type_line() + self.add_index_range_line() + self.add_series_name_line() + self.add_header_line() + self.add_separator_line() + self.add_body_lines() + self.add_dtypes_line() + if self.display_memory_usage: + self.add_memory_usage_line() + + def add_series_name_line(self) -> None: + self._lines.append(f"Series name: {self.data.name}") + + @property + def headers(self) -> Sequence[str]: + """Headers names of the columns in verbose table.""" + if self.with_counts: + return ["Non-Null Count", "Dtype"] + return ["Dtype"] + + def _gen_rows_without_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data without counts.""" + yield from self._gen_dtypes() + + def _gen_rows_with_counts(self) -> Iterator[Sequence[str]]: + """Iterator with string representation of body data with counts.""" + yield from zip( + self._gen_non_null_counts(), + self._gen_dtypes(), + ) + + +def _get_dataframe_dtype_counts(df: DataFrame) -> Mapping[str, int]: + """ + Create mapping between datatypes and their number of occurrences. + """ + # groupby dtype.name to collect e.g. Categorical columns + return df.dtypes.value_counts().groupby(lambda x: x.name).sum() diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/printing.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/printing.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..2cc9368f8846a6423655040673df283d111efeda --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/printing.py @@ -0,0 +1,572 @@ +""" +Printing tools. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections.abc import ( + Iterable, + Mapping, + Sequence, +) +import sys +from typing import ( + Any, + Callable, + TypeVar, + Union, +) +from unicodedata import east_asian_width + +from pandas._config import get_option + +from pandas.core.dtypes.inference import is_sequence + +from pandas.io.formats.console import get_console_size + +EscapeChars = Union[Mapping[str, str], Iterable[str]] +_KT = TypeVar("_KT") +_VT = TypeVar("_VT") + + +def adjoin(space: int, *lists: list[str], **kwargs) -> str: + """ + Glues together two sets of strings using the amount of space requested. + The idea is to prettify. + + ---------- + space : int + number of spaces for padding + lists : str + list of str which being joined + strlen : callable + function used to calculate the length of each str. Needed for unicode + handling. + justfunc : callable + function used to justify str. Needed for unicode handling. + """ + strlen = kwargs.pop("strlen", len) + justfunc = kwargs.pop("justfunc", _adj_justify) + + newLists = [] + lengths = [max(map(strlen, x)) + space for x in lists[:-1]] + # not the last one + lengths.append(max(map(len, lists[-1]))) + maxLen = max(map(len, lists)) + for i, lst in enumerate(lists): + nl = justfunc(lst, lengths[i], mode="left") + nl = ([" " * lengths[i]] * (maxLen - len(lst))) + nl + newLists.append(nl) + toJoin = zip(*newLists) + return "\n".join("".join(lines) for lines in toJoin) + + +def _adj_justify(texts: Iterable[str], max_len: int, mode: str = "right") -> list[str]: + """ + Perform ljust, center, rjust against string or list-like + """ + if mode == "left": + return [x.ljust(max_len) for x in texts] + elif mode == "center": + return [x.center(max_len) for x in texts] + else: + return [x.rjust(max_len) for x in texts] + + +# Unicode consolidation +# --------------------- +# +# pprinting utility functions for generating Unicode text or +# bytes(3.x)/str(2.x) representations of objects. +# Try to use these as much as possible rather than rolling your own. +# +# When to use +# ----------- +# +# 1) If you're writing code internal to pandas (no I/O directly involved), +# use pprint_thing(). +# +# It will always return unicode text which can handled by other +# parts of the package without breakage. +# +# 2) if you need to write something out to file, use +# pprint_thing_encoded(encoding). +# +# If no encoding is specified, it defaults to utf-8. Since encoding pure +# ascii with utf-8 is a no-op you can safely use the default utf-8 if you're +# working with straight ascii. + + +def _pprint_seq( + seq: Sequence, _nest_lvl: int = 0, max_seq_items: int | None = None, **kwds +) -> str: + """ + internal. pprinter for iterables. you should probably use pprint_thing() + rather than calling this directly. + + bounds length of printed sequence, depending on options + """ + if isinstance(seq, set): + fmt = "{{{body}}}" + else: + fmt = "[{body}]" if hasattr(seq, "__setitem__") else "({body})" + + if max_seq_items is False: + nitems = len(seq) + else: + nitems = max_seq_items or get_option("max_seq_items") or len(seq) + + s = iter(seq) + # handle sets, no slicing + r = [ + pprint_thing(next(s), _nest_lvl + 1, max_seq_items=max_seq_items, **kwds) + for i in range(min(nitems, len(seq))) + ] + body = ", ".join(r) + + if nitems < len(seq): + body += ", ..." + elif isinstance(seq, tuple) and len(seq) == 1: + body += "," + + return fmt.format(body=body) + + +def _pprint_dict( + seq: Mapping, _nest_lvl: int = 0, max_seq_items: int | None = None, **kwds +) -> str: + """ + internal. pprinter for iterables. you should probably use pprint_thing() + rather than calling this directly. + """ + fmt = "{{{things}}}" + pairs = [] + + pfmt = "{key}: {val}" + + if max_seq_items is False: + nitems = len(seq) + else: + nitems = max_seq_items or get_option("max_seq_items") or len(seq) + + for k, v in list(seq.items())[:nitems]: + pairs.append( + pfmt.format( + key=pprint_thing(k, _nest_lvl + 1, max_seq_items=max_seq_items, **kwds), + val=pprint_thing(v, _nest_lvl + 1, max_seq_items=max_seq_items, **kwds), + ) + ) + + if nitems < len(seq): + return fmt.format(things=", ".join(pairs) + ", ...") + else: + return fmt.format(things=", ".join(pairs)) + + +def pprint_thing( + thing: Any, + _nest_lvl: int = 0, + escape_chars: EscapeChars | None = None, + default_escapes: bool = False, + quote_strings: bool = False, + max_seq_items: int | None = None, +) -> str: + """ + This function is the sanctioned way of converting objects + to a string representation and properly handles nested sequences. + + Parameters + ---------- + thing : anything to be formatted + _nest_lvl : internal use only. pprint_thing() is mutually-recursive + with pprint_sequence, this argument is used to keep track of the + current nesting level, and limit it. + escape_chars : list or dict, optional + Characters to escape. If a dict is passed the values are the + replacements + default_escapes : bool, default False + Whether the input escape characters replaces or adds to the defaults + max_seq_items : int or None, default None + Pass through to other pretty printers to limit sequence printing + + Returns + ------- + str + """ + + def as_escaped_string( + thing: Any, escape_chars: EscapeChars | None = escape_chars + ) -> str: + translate = {"\t": r"\t", "\n": r"\n", "\r": r"\r"} + if isinstance(escape_chars, dict): + if default_escapes: + translate.update(escape_chars) + else: + translate = escape_chars + escape_chars = list(escape_chars.keys()) + else: + escape_chars = escape_chars or () + + result = str(thing) + for c in escape_chars: + result = result.replace(c, translate[c]) + return result + + if hasattr(thing, "__next__"): + return str(thing) + elif isinstance(thing, dict) and _nest_lvl < get_option( + "display.pprint_nest_depth" + ): + result = _pprint_dict( + thing, _nest_lvl, quote_strings=True, max_seq_items=max_seq_items + ) + elif is_sequence(thing) and _nest_lvl < get_option("display.pprint_nest_depth"): + result = _pprint_seq( + thing, + _nest_lvl, + escape_chars=escape_chars, + quote_strings=quote_strings, + max_seq_items=max_seq_items, + ) + elif isinstance(thing, str) and quote_strings: + result = f"'{as_escaped_string(thing)}'" + else: + result = as_escaped_string(thing) + + return result + + +def pprint_thing_encoded( + object, encoding: str = "utf-8", errors: str = "replace" +) -> bytes: + value = pprint_thing(object) # get unicode representation of object + return value.encode(encoding, errors) + + +def enable_data_resource_formatter(enable: bool) -> None: + if "IPython" not in sys.modules: + # definitely not in IPython + return + from IPython import get_ipython + + ip = get_ipython() + if ip is None: + # still not in IPython + return + + formatters = ip.display_formatter.formatters + mimetype = "application/vnd.dataresource+json" + + if enable: + if mimetype not in formatters: + # define tableschema formatter + from IPython.core.formatters import BaseFormatter + from traitlets import ObjectName + + class TableSchemaFormatter(BaseFormatter): + print_method = ObjectName("_repr_data_resource_") + _return_type = (dict,) + + # register it: + formatters[mimetype] = TableSchemaFormatter() + # enable it if it's been disabled: + formatters[mimetype].enabled = True + # unregister tableschema mime-type + elif mimetype in formatters: + formatters[mimetype].enabled = False + + +def default_pprint(thing: Any, max_seq_items: int | None = None) -> str: + return pprint_thing( + thing, + escape_chars=("\t", "\r", "\n"), + quote_strings=True, + max_seq_items=max_seq_items, + ) + + +def format_object_summary( + obj, + formatter: Callable, + is_justify: bool = True, + name: str | None = None, + indent_for_name: bool = True, + line_break_each_value: bool = False, +) -> str: + """ + Return the formatted obj as a unicode string + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : object + must be iterable and support __getitem__ + formatter : callable + string formatter for an element + is_justify : bool + should justify the display + name : name, optional + defaults to the class name of the obj + indent_for_name : bool, default True + Whether subsequent lines should be indented to + align with the name. + line_break_each_value : bool, default False + If True, inserts a line break for each value of ``obj``. + If False, only break lines when the a line of values gets wider + than the display width. + + Returns + ------- + summary string + """ + display_width, _ = get_console_size() + if display_width is None: + display_width = get_option("display.width") or 80 + if name is None: + name = type(obj).__name__ + + if indent_for_name: + name_len = len(name) + space1 = f'\n{(" " * (name_len + 1))}' + space2 = f'\n{(" " * (name_len + 2))}' + else: + space1 = "\n" + space2 = "\n " # space for the opening '[' + + n = len(obj) + if line_break_each_value: + # If we want to vertically align on each value of obj, we need to + # separate values by a line break and indent the values + sep = ",\n " + " " * len(name) + else: + sep = "," + max_seq_items = get_option("display.max_seq_items") or n + + # are we a truncated display + is_truncated = n > max_seq_items + + # adj can optionally handle unicode eastern asian width + adj = get_adjustment() + + def _extend_line( + s: str, line: str, value: str, display_width: int, next_line_prefix: str + ) -> tuple[str, str]: + if adj.len(line.rstrip()) + adj.len(value.rstrip()) >= display_width: + s += line.rstrip() + line = next_line_prefix + line += value + return s, line + + def best_len(values: list[str]) -> int: + if values: + return max(adj.len(x) for x in values) + else: + return 0 + + close = ", " + + if n == 0: + summary = f"[]{close}" + elif n == 1 and not line_break_each_value: + first = formatter(obj[0]) + summary = f"[{first}]{close}" + elif n == 2 and not line_break_each_value: + first = formatter(obj[0]) + last = formatter(obj[-1]) + summary = f"[{first}, {last}]{close}" + else: + if max_seq_items == 1: + # If max_seq_items=1 show only last element + head = [] + tail = [formatter(x) for x in obj[-1:]] + elif n > max_seq_items: + n = min(max_seq_items // 2, 10) + head = [formatter(x) for x in obj[:n]] + tail = [formatter(x) for x in obj[-n:]] + else: + head = [] + tail = [formatter(x) for x in obj] + + # adjust all values to max length if needed + if is_justify: + if line_break_each_value: + # Justify each string in the values of head and tail, so the + # strings will right align when head and tail are stacked + # vertically. + head, tail = _justify(head, tail) + elif is_truncated or not ( + len(", ".join(head)) < display_width + and len(", ".join(tail)) < display_width + ): + # Each string in head and tail should align with each other + max_length = max(best_len(head), best_len(tail)) + head = [x.rjust(max_length) for x in head] + tail = [x.rjust(max_length) for x in tail] + # If we are not truncated and we are only a single + # line, then don't justify + + if line_break_each_value: + # Now head and tail are of type List[Tuple[str]]. Below we + # convert them into List[str], so there will be one string per + # value. Also truncate items horizontally if wider than + # max_space + max_space = display_width - len(space2) + value = tail[0] + max_items = 1 + for num_items in reversed(range(1, len(value) + 1)): + pprinted_seq = _pprint_seq(value, max_seq_items=num_items) + if len(pprinted_seq) < max_space: + max_items = num_items + break + head = [_pprint_seq(x, max_seq_items=max_items) for x in head] + tail = [_pprint_seq(x, max_seq_items=max_items) for x in tail] + + summary = "" + line = space2 + + for head_value in head: + word = head_value + sep + " " + summary, line = _extend_line(summary, line, word, display_width, space2) + + if is_truncated: + # remove trailing space of last line + summary += line.rstrip() + space2 + "..." + line = space2 + + for tail_item in tail[:-1]: + word = tail_item + sep + " " + summary, line = _extend_line(summary, line, word, display_width, space2) + + # last value: no sep added + 1 space of width used for trailing ',' + summary, line = _extend_line(summary, line, tail[-1], display_width - 2, space2) + summary += line + + # right now close is either '' or ', ' + # Now we want to include the ']', but not the maybe space. + close = "]" + close.rstrip(" ") + summary += close + + if len(summary) > (display_width) or line_break_each_value: + summary += space1 + else: # one row + summary += " " + + # remove initial space + summary = "[" + summary[len(space2) :] + + return summary + + +def _justify( + head: list[Sequence[str]], tail: list[Sequence[str]] +) -> tuple[list[tuple[str, ...]], list[tuple[str, ...]]]: + """ + Justify items in head and tail, so they are right-aligned when stacked. + + Parameters + ---------- + head : list-like of list-likes of strings + tail : list-like of list-likes of strings + + Returns + ------- + tuple of list of tuples of strings + Same as head and tail, but items are right aligned when stacked + vertically. + + Examples + -------- + >>> _justify([['a', 'b']], [['abc', 'abcd']]) + ([(' a', ' b')], [('abc', 'abcd')]) + """ + combined = head + tail + + # For each position for the sequences in ``combined``, + # find the length of the largest string. + max_length = [0] * len(combined[0]) + for inner_seq in combined: + length = [len(item) for item in inner_seq] + max_length = [max(x, y) for x, y in zip(max_length, length)] + + # justify each item in each list-like in head and tail using max_length + head_tuples = [ + tuple(x.rjust(max_len) for x, max_len in zip(seq, max_length)) for seq in head + ] + tail_tuples = [ + tuple(x.rjust(max_len) for x, max_len in zip(seq, max_length)) for seq in tail + ] + return head_tuples, tail_tuples + + +class PrettyDict(dict[_KT, _VT]): + """Dict extension to support abbreviated __repr__""" + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + return pprint_thing(self) + + +class _TextAdjustment: + def __init__(self) -> None: + self.encoding = get_option("display.encoding") + + def len(self, text: str) -> int: + return len(text) + + def justify(self, texts: Any, max_len: int, mode: str = "right") -> list[str]: + """ + Perform ljust, center, rjust against string or list-like + """ + if mode == "left": + return [x.ljust(max_len) for x in texts] + elif mode == "center": + return [x.center(max_len) for x in texts] + else: + return [x.rjust(max_len) for x in texts] + + def adjoin(self, space: int, *lists, **kwargs) -> str: + return adjoin(space, *lists, strlen=self.len, justfunc=self.justify, **kwargs) + + +class _EastAsianTextAdjustment(_TextAdjustment): + def __init__(self) -> None: + super().__init__() + if get_option("display.unicode.ambiguous_as_wide"): + self.ambiguous_width = 2 + else: + self.ambiguous_width = 1 + + # Definition of East Asian Width + # https://unicode.org/reports/tr11/ + # Ambiguous width can be changed by option + self._EAW_MAP = {"Na": 1, "N": 1, "W": 2, "F": 2, "H": 1} + + def len(self, text: str) -> int: + """ + Calculate display width considering unicode East Asian Width + """ + if not isinstance(text, str): + return len(text) + + return sum( + self._EAW_MAP.get(east_asian_width(c), self.ambiguous_width) for c in text + ) + + def justify( + self, texts: Iterable[str], max_len: int, mode: str = "right" + ) -> list[str]: + # re-calculate padding space per str considering East Asian Width + def _get_pad(t): + return max_len - self.len(t) + len(t) + + if mode == "left": + return [x.ljust(_get_pad(x)) for x in texts] + elif mode == "center": + return [x.center(_get_pad(x)) for x in texts] + else: + return [x.rjust(_get_pad(x)) for x in texts] + + +def get_adjustment() -> _TextAdjustment: + use_east_asian_width = get_option("display.unicode.east_asian_width") + if use_east_asian_width: + return _EastAsianTextAdjustment() + else: + return _TextAdjustment() diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..cdad388592717dff79fde61bf35a12c0635034c1 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/string.py @@ -0,0 +1,206 @@ +""" +Module for formatting output data in console (to string). +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from shutil import get_terminal_size +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +import numpy as np + +from pandas.io.formats.printing import pprint_thing + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import Iterable + + from pandas.io.formats.format import DataFrameFormatter + + +class StringFormatter: + """Formatter for string representation of a dataframe.""" + + def __init__(self, fmt: DataFrameFormatter, line_width: int | None = None) -> None: + self.fmt = fmt + self.adj = fmt.adj + self.frame = fmt.frame + self.line_width = line_width + + def to_string(self) -> str: + text = self._get_string_representation() + if self.fmt.should_show_dimensions: + text = f"{text}{self.fmt.dimensions_info}" + return text + + def _get_strcols(self) -> list[list[str]]: + strcols = self.fmt.get_strcols() + if self.fmt.is_truncated: + strcols = self._insert_dot_separators(strcols) + return strcols + + def _get_string_representation(self) -> str: + if self.fmt.frame.empty: + return self._empty_info_line + + strcols = self._get_strcols() + + if self.line_width is None: + # no need to wrap around just print the whole frame + return self.adj.adjoin(1, *strcols) + + if self._need_to_wrap_around: + return self._join_multiline(strcols) + + return self._fit_strcols_to_terminal_width(strcols) + + @property + def _empty_info_line(self) -> str: + return ( + f"Empty {type(self.frame).__name__}\n" + f"Columns: {pprint_thing(self.frame.columns)}\n" + f"Index: {pprint_thing(self.frame.index)}" + ) + + @property + def _need_to_wrap_around(self) -> bool: + return bool(self.fmt.max_cols is None or self.fmt.max_cols > 0) + + def _insert_dot_separators(self, strcols: list[list[str]]) -> list[list[str]]: + str_index = self.fmt._get_formatted_index(self.fmt.tr_frame) + index_length = len(str_index) + + if self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally: + strcols = self._insert_dot_separator_horizontal(strcols, index_length) + + if self.fmt.is_truncated_vertically: + strcols = self._insert_dot_separator_vertical(strcols, index_length) + + return strcols + + @property + def _adjusted_tr_col_num(self) -> int: + return self.fmt.tr_col_num + 1 if self.fmt.index else self.fmt.tr_col_num + + def _insert_dot_separator_horizontal( + self, strcols: list[list[str]], index_length: int + ) -> list[list[str]]: + strcols.insert(self._adjusted_tr_col_num, [" ..."] * index_length) + return strcols + + def _insert_dot_separator_vertical( + self, strcols: list[list[str]], index_length: int + ) -> list[list[str]]: + n_header_rows = index_length - len(self.fmt.tr_frame) + row_num = self.fmt.tr_row_num + for ix, col in enumerate(strcols): + cwidth = self.adj.len(col[row_num]) + + if self.fmt.is_truncated_horizontally: + is_dot_col = ix == self._adjusted_tr_col_num + else: + is_dot_col = False + + if cwidth > 3 or is_dot_col: + dots = "..." + else: + dots = ".." + + if ix == 0 and self.fmt.index: + dot_mode = "left" + elif is_dot_col: + cwidth = 4 + dot_mode = "right" + else: + dot_mode = "right" + + dot_str = self.adj.justify([dots], cwidth, mode=dot_mode)[0] + col.insert(row_num + n_header_rows, dot_str) + return strcols + + def _join_multiline(self, strcols_input: Iterable[list[str]]) -> str: + lwidth = self.line_width + adjoin_width = 1 + strcols = list(strcols_input) + + if self.fmt.index: + idx = strcols.pop(0) + lwidth -= np.array([self.adj.len(x) for x in idx]).max() + adjoin_width + + col_widths = [ + np.array([self.adj.len(x) for x in col]).max() if len(col) > 0 else 0 + for col in strcols + ] + + assert lwidth is not None + col_bins = _binify(col_widths, lwidth) + nbins = len(col_bins) + + str_lst = [] + start = 0 + for i, end in enumerate(col_bins): + row = strcols[start:end] + if self.fmt.index: + row.insert(0, idx) + if nbins > 1: + nrows = len(row[-1]) + if end <= len(strcols) and i < nbins - 1: + row.append([" \\"] + [" "] * (nrows - 1)) + else: + row.append([" "] * nrows) + str_lst.append(self.adj.adjoin(adjoin_width, *row)) + start = end + return "\n\n".join(str_lst) + + def _fit_strcols_to_terminal_width(self, strcols: list[list[str]]) -> str: + from pandas import Series + + lines = self.adj.adjoin(1, *strcols).split("\n") + max_len = Series(lines).str.len().max() + # plus truncate dot col + width, _ = get_terminal_size() + dif = max_len - width + # '+ 1' to avoid too wide repr (GH PR #17023) + adj_dif = dif + 1 + col_lens = Series([Series(ele).str.len().max() for ele in strcols]) + n_cols = len(col_lens) + counter = 0 + while adj_dif > 0 and n_cols > 1: + counter += 1 + mid = round(n_cols / 2) + mid_ix = col_lens.index[mid] + col_len = col_lens[mid_ix] + # adjoin adds one + adj_dif -= col_len + 1 + col_lens = col_lens.drop(mid_ix) + n_cols = len(col_lens) + + # subtract index column + max_cols_fitted = n_cols - self.fmt.index + # GH-21180. Ensure that we print at least two. + max_cols_fitted = max(max_cols_fitted, 2) + self.fmt.max_cols_fitted = max_cols_fitted + + # Call again _truncate to cut frame appropriately + # and then generate string representation + self.fmt.truncate() + strcols = self._get_strcols() + return self.adj.adjoin(1, *strcols) + + +def _binify(cols: list[int], line_width: int) -> list[int]: + adjoin_width = 1 + bins = [] + curr_width = 0 + i_last_column = len(cols) - 1 + for i, w in enumerate(cols): + w_adjoined = w + adjoin_width + curr_width += w_adjoined + if i_last_column == i: + wrap = curr_width + 1 > line_width and i > 0 + else: + wrap = curr_width + 2 > line_width and i > 0 + if wrap: + bins.append(i) + curr_width = w_adjoined + + bins.append(len(cols)) + return bins diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b62f7581ac2205c8c1821b6030b56f13a77c6379 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/style.py @@ -0,0 +1,4136 @@ +""" +Module for applying conditional formatting to DataFrames and Series. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from contextlib import contextmanager +import copy +from functools import partial +import operator +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Callable, + overload, +) +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._config import get_option + +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._decorators import ( + Substitution, + doc, +) +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +import pandas as pd +from pandas import ( + IndexSlice, + RangeIndex, +) +import pandas.core.common as com +from pandas.core.frame import ( + DataFrame, + Series, +) +from pandas.core.generic import NDFrame +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.formats.format import save_to_buffer + +jinja2 = import_optional_dependency("jinja2", extra="DataFrame.style requires jinja2.") + +from pandas.io.formats.style_render import ( + CSSProperties, + CSSStyles, + ExtFormatter, + StylerRenderer, + Subset, + Tooltips, + format_table_styles, + maybe_convert_css_to_tuples, + non_reducing_slice, + refactor_levels, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Generator, + Hashable, + Sequence, + ) + + from matplotlib.colors import Colormap + + from pandas._typing import ( + Axis, + AxisInt, + FilePath, + IndexLabel, + IntervalClosedType, + Level, + QuantileInterpolation, + Scalar, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + WriteExcelBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import ExcelWriter + +try: + import matplotlib as mpl + import matplotlib.pyplot as plt + + has_mpl = True +except ImportError: + has_mpl = False + + +@contextmanager +def _mpl(func: Callable) -> Generator[tuple[Any, Any], None, None]: + if has_mpl: + yield plt, mpl + else: + raise ImportError(f"{func.__name__} requires matplotlib.") + + +#### +# Shared Doc Strings + +subset_args = """subset : label, array-like, IndexSlice, optional + A valid 2d input to `DataFrame.loc[]`, or, in the case of a 1d input + or single key, to `DataFrame.loc[:, ]` where the columns are + prioritised, to limit ``data`` to *before* applying the function.""" + +properties_args = """props : str, default None + CSS properties to use for highlighting. If ``props`` is given, ``color`` + is not used.""" + +coloring_args = """color : str, default '{default}' + Background color to use for highlighting.""" + +buffering_args = """buf : str, path object, file-like object, optional + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a string ``write()`` function. If ``None``, the result is + returned as a string.""" + +encoding_args = """encoding : str, optional + Character encoding setting for file output (and meta tags if available). + Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.render.encoding`` value of "utf-8".""" + +# +### + + +class Styler(StylerRenderer): + r""" + Helps style a DataFrame or Series according to the data with HTML and CSS. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : Series or DataFrame + Data to be styled - either a Series or DataFrame. + precision : int, optional + Precision to round floats to. If not given defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.format.precision``. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 + table_styles : list-like, default None + List of {selector: (attr, value)} dicts; see Notes. + uuid : str, default None + A unique identifier to avoid CSS collisions; generated automatically. + caption : str, tuple, default None + String caption to attach to the table. Tuple only used for LaTeX dual captions. + table_attributes : str, default None + Items that show up in the opening ```` tag + in addition to automatic (by default) id. + cell_ids : bool, default True + If True, each cell will have an ``id`` attribute in their HTML tag. + The ``id`` takes the form ``T__row_col`` + where ```` is the unique identifier, ```` is the row + number and ```` is the column number. + na_rep : str, optional + Representation for missing values. + If ``na_rep`` is None, no special formatting is applied, and falls back to + ``pandas.options.styler.format.na_rep``. + + uuid_len : int, default 5 + If ``uuid`` is not specified, the length of the ``uuid`` to randomly generate + expressed in hex characters, in range [0, 32]. + decimal : str, optional + Character used as decimal separator for floats, complex and integers. If not + given uses ``pandas.options.styler.format.decimal``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + thousands : str, optional, default None + Character used as thousands separator for floats, complex and integers. If not + given uses ``pandas.options.styler.format.thousands``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + escape : str, optional + Use 'html' to replace the characters ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``'``, and ``"`` + in cell display string with HTML-safe sequences. + Use 'latex' to replace the characters ``&``, ``%``, ``$``, ``#``, ``_``, + ``{``, ``}``, ``~``, ``^``, and ``\`` in the cell display string with + LaTeX-safe sequences. Use 'latex-math' to replace the characters + the same way as in 'latex' mode, except for math substrings, + which either are surrounded by two characters ``$`` or start with + the character ``\(`` and end with ``\)``. + If not given uses ``pandas.options.styler.format.escape``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + formatter : str, callable, dict, optional + Object to define how values are displayed. See ``Styler.format``. If not given + uses ``pandas.options.styler.format.formatter``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Attributes + ---------- + env : Jinja2 jinja2.Environment + template_html : Jinja2 Template + template_html_table : Jinja2 Template + template_html_style : Jinja2 Template + template_latex : Jinja2 Template + loader : Jinja2 Loader + + See Also + -------- + DataFrame.style : Return a Styler object containing methods for building + a styled HTML representation for the DataFrame. + + Notes + ----- + Most styling will be done by passing style functions into + ``Styler.apply`` or ``Styler.map``. Style functions should + return values with strings containing CSS ``'attr: value'`` that will + be applied to the indicated cells. + + If using in the Jupyter notebook, Styler has defined a ``_repr_html_`` + to automatically render itself. Otherwise call Styler.to_html to get + the generated HTML. + + CSS classes are attached to the generated HTML + + * Index and Column names include ``index_name`` and ``level`` + where `k` is its level in a MultiIndex + * Index label cells include + + * ``row_heading`` + * ``row`` where `n` is the numeric position of the row + * ``level`` where `k` is the level in a MultiIndex + + * Column label cells include + * ``col_heading`` + * ``col`` where `n` is the numeric position of the column + * ``level`` where `k` is the level in a MultiIndex + + * Blank cells include ``blank`` + * Data cells include ``data`` + * Trimmed cells include ``col_trim`` or ``row_trim``. + + Any, or all, or these classes can be renamed by using the ``css_class_names`` + argument in ``Styler.set_table_classes``, giving a value such as + *{"row": "MY_ROW_CLASS", "col_trim": "", "row_trim": ""}*. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1.0, 2.0, 3.0], [4, 5, 6]], index=['a', 'b'], + ... columns=['A', 'B', 'C']) + >>> pd.io.formats.style.Styler(df, precision=2, + ... caption="My table") # doctest: +SKIP + + Please see: + `Table Visualization <../../user_guide/style.ipynb>`_ for more examples. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + data: DataFrame | Series, + precision: int | None = None, + table_styles: CSSStyles | None = None, + uuid: str | None = None, + caption: str | tuple | list | None = None, + table_attributes: str | None = None, + cell_ids: bool = True, + na_rep: str | None = None, + uuid_len: int = 5, + decimal: str | None = None, + thousands: str | None = None, + escape: str | None = None, + formatter: ExtFormatter | None = None, + ) -> None: + super().__init__( + data=data, + uuid=uuid, + uuid_len=uuid_len, + table_styles=table_styles, + table_attributes=table_attributes, + caption=caption, + cell_ids=cell_ids, + precision=precision, + ) + + # validate ordered args + thousands = thousands or get_option("styler.format.thousands") + decimal = decimal or get_option("styler.format.decimal") + na_rep = na_rep or get_option("styler.format.na_rep") + escape = escape or get_option("styler.format.escape") + formatter = formatter or get_option("styler.format.formatter") + # precision is handled by superclass as default for performance + + self.format( + formatter=formatter, + precision=precision, + na_rep=na_rep, + escape=escape, + decimal=decimal, + thousands=thousands, + ) + + def concat(self, other: Styler) -> Styler: + """ + Append another Styler to combine the output into a single table. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + other : Styler + The other Styler object which has already been styled and formatted. The + data for this Styler must have the same columns as the original, and the + number of index levels must also be the same to render correctly. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + Notes + ----- + The purpose of this method is to extend existing styled dataframes with other + metrics that may be useful but may not conform to the original's structure. + For example adding a sub total row, or displaying metrics such as means, + variance or counts. + + Styles that are applied using the ``apply``, ``map``, ``apply_index`` + and ``map_index``, and formatting applied with ``format`` and + ``format_index`` will be preserved. + + .. warning:: + Only the output methods ``to_html``, ``to_string`` and ``to_latex`` + currently work with concatenated Stylers. + + Other output methods, including ``to_excel``, **do not** work with + concatenated Stylers. + + The following should be noted: + + - ``table_styles``, ``table_attributes``, ``caption`` and ``uuid`` are all + inherited from the original Styler and not ``other``. + - hidden columns and hidden index levels will be inherited from the + original Styler + - ``css`` will be inherited from the original Styler, and the value of + keys ``data``, ``row_heading`` and ``row`` will be prepended with + ``foot0_``. If more concats are chained, their styles will be prepended + with ``foot1_``, ''foot_2'', etc., and if a concatenated style have + another concatanated style, the second style will be prepended with + ``foot{parent}_foot{child}_``. + + A common use case is to concatenate user defined functions with + ``DataFrame.agg`` or with described statistics via ``DataFrame.describe``. + See examples. + + Examples + -------- + A common use case is adding totals rows, or otherwise, via methods calculated + in ``DataFrame.agg``. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[4, 6], [1, 9], [3, 4], [5, 5], [9, 6]], + ... columns=["Mike", "Jim"], + ... index=["Mon", "Tue", "Wed", "Thurs", "Fri"]) + >>> styler = df.style.concat(df.agg(["sum"]).style) # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/footer_simple.png + + Since the concatenated object is a Styler the existing functionality can be + used to conditionally format it as well as the original. + + >>> descriptors = df.agg(["sum", "mean", lambda s: s.dtype]) + >>> descriptors.index = ["Total", "Average", "dtype"] + >>> other = (descriptors.style + ... .highlight_max(axis=1, subset=(["Total", "Average"], slice(None))) + ... .format(subset=("Average", slice(None)), precision=2, decimal=",") + ... .map(lambda v: "font-weight: bold;")) + >>> styler = (df.style + ... .highlight_max(color="salmon") + ... .set_table_styles([{"selector": ".foot_row0", + ... "props": "border-top: 1px solid black;"}])) + >>> styler.concat(other) # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/footer_extended.png + + When ``other`` has fewer index levels than the original Styler it is possible + to extend the index in ``other``, with placeholder levels. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1], [2]], + ... index=pd.MultiIndex.from_product([[0], [1, 2]])) + >>> descriptors = df.agg(["sum"]) + >>> descriptors.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_product([[""], descriptors.index]) + >>> df.style.concat(descriptors.style) # doctest: +SKIP + """ + if not isinstance(other, Styler): + raise TypeError("`other` must be of type `Styler`") + if not self.data.columns.equals(other.data.columns): + raise ValueError("`other.data` must have same columns as `Styler.data`") + if not self.data.index.nlevels == other.data.index.nlevels: + raise ValueError( + "number of index levels must be same in `other` " + "as in `Styler`. See documentation for suggestions." + ) + self.concatenated.append(other) + return self + + def _repr_html_(self) -> str | None: + """ + Hooks into Jupyter notebook rich display system, which calls _repr_html_ by + default if an object is returned at the end of a cell. + """ + if get_option("styler.render.repr") == "html": + return self.to_html() + return None + + def _repr_latex_(self) -> str | None: + if get_option("styler.render.repr") == "latex": + return self.to_latex() + return None + + def set_tooltips( + self, + ttips: DataFrame, + props: CSSProperties | None = None, + css_class: str | None = None, + ) -> Styler: + """ + Set the DataFrame of strings on ``Styler`` generating ``:hover`` tooltips. + + These string based tooltips are only applicable to ``
`` HTML elements, + and cannot be used for column or index headers. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + ttips : DataFrame + DataFrame containing strings that will be translated to tooltips, mapped + by identical column and index values that must exist on the underlying + Styler data. None, NaN values, and empty strings will be ignored and + not affect the rendered HTML. + props : list-like or str, optional + List of (attr, value) tuples or a valid CSS string. If ``None`` adopts + the internal default values described in notes. + css_class : str, optional + Name of the tooltip class used in CSS, should conform to HTML standards. + Only useful if integrating tooltips with external CSS. If ``None`` uses the + internal default value 'pd-t'. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + Notes + ----- + Tooltips are created by adding `` to each data cell + and then manipulating the table level CSS to attach pseudo hover and pseudo + after selectors to produce the required the results. + + The default properties for the tooltip CSS class are: + + - visibility: hidden + - position: absolute + - z-index: 1 + - background-color: black + - color: white + - transform: translate(-20px, -20px) + + The property 'visibility: hidden;' is a key prerequisite to the hover + functionality, and should always be included in any manual properties + specification, using the ``props`` argument. + + Tooltips are not designed to be efficient, and can add large amounts of + additional HTML for larger tables, since they also require that ``cell_ids`` + is forced to `True`. + + Examples + -------- + Basic application + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame(data=[[0, 1], [2, 3]]) + >>> ttips = pd.DataFrame( + ... data=[["Min", ""], [np.nan, "Max"]], columns=df.columns, index=df.index + ... ) + >>> s = df.style.set_tooltips(ttips).to_html() + + Optionally controlling the tooltip visual display + + >>> df.style.set_tooltips(ttips, css_class='tt-add', props=[ + ... ('visibility', 'hidden'), + ... ('position', 'absolute'), + ... ('z-index', 1)]) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.set_tooltips(ttips, css_class='tt-add', + ... props='visibility:hidden; position:absolute; z-index:1;') + ... # doctest: +SKIP + """ + if not self.cell_ids: + # tooltips not optimised for individual cell check. requires reasonable + # redesign and more extensive code for a feature that might be rarely used. + raise NotImplementedError( + "Tooltips can only render with 'cell_ids' is True." + ) + if not ttips.index.is_unique or not ttips.columns.is_unique: + raise KeyError( + "Tooltips render only if `ttips` has unique index and columns." + ) + if self.tooltips is None: # create a default instance if necessary + self.tooltips = Tooltips() + self.tooltips.tt_data = ttips + if props: + self.tooltips.class_properties = props + if css_class: + self.tooltips.class_name = css_class + + return self + + @doc( + NDFrame.to_excel, + klass="Styler", + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + storage_options_versionadded="1.5.0", + ) + def to_excel( + self, + excel_writer: FilePath | WriteExcelBuffer | ExcelWriter, + sheet_name: str = "Sheet1", + na_rep: str = "", + float_format: str | None = None, + columns: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + header: Sequence[Hashable] | bool = True, + index: bool = True, + index_label: IndexLabel | None = None, + startrow: int = 0, + startcol: int = 0, + engine: str | None = None, + merge_cells: bool = True, + encoding: str | None = None, + inf_rep: str = "inf", + verbose: bool = True, + freeze_panes: tuple[int, int] | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + ) -> None: + from pandas.io.formats.excel import ExcelFormatter + + formatter = ExcelFormatter( + self, + na_rep=na_rep, + cols=columns, + header=header, + float_format=float_format, + index=index, + index_label=index_label, + merge_cells=merge_cells, + inf_rep=inf_rep, + ) + formatter.write( + excel_writer, + sheet_name=sheet_name, + startrow=startrow, + startcol=startcol, + freeze_panes=freeze_panes, + engine=engine, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) + + @overload + def to_latex( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str], + *, + column_format: str | None = ..., + position: str | None = ..., + position_float: str | None = ..., + hrules: bool | None = ..., + clines: str | None = ..., + label: str | None = ..., + caption: str | tuple | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + multirow_align: str | None = ..., + multicol_align: str | None = ..., + siunitx: bool = ..., + environment: str | None = ..., + encoding: str | None = ..., + convert_css: bool = ..., + ) -> None: + ... + + @overload + def to_latex( + self, + buf: None = ..., + *, + column_format: str | None = ..., + position: str | None = ..., + position_float: str | None = ..., + hrules: bool | None = ..., + clines: str | None = ..., + label: str | None = ..., + caption: str | tuple | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + multirow_align: str | None = ..., + multicol_align: str | None = ..., + siunitx: bool = ..., + environment: str | None = ..., + encoding: str | None = ..., + convert_css: bool = ..., + ) -> str: + ... + + def to_latex( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + *, + column_format: str | None = None, + position: str | None = None, + position_float: str | None = None, + hrules: bool | None = None, + clines: str | None = None, + label: str | None = None, + caption: str | tuple | None = None, + sparse_index: bool | None = None, + sparse_columns: bool | None = None, + multirow_align: str | None = None, + multicol_align: str | None = None, + siunitx: bool = False, + environment: str | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, + convert_css: bool = False, + ) -> str | None: + r""" + Write Styler to a file, buffer or string in LaTeX format. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + buf : str, path object, file-like object, or None, default None + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a string ``write()`` function. If None, the result is + returned as a string. + column_format : str, optional + The LaTeX column specification placed in location: + + \\begin{tabular}{} + + Defaults to 'l' for index and + non-numeric data columns, and, for numeric data columns, + to 'r' by default, or 'S' if ``siunitx`` is ``True``. + position : str, optional + The LaTeX positional argument (e.g. 'h!') for tables, placed in location: + + ``\\begin{table}[]``. + position_float : {"centering", "raggedleft", "raggedright"}, optional + The LaTeX float command placed in location: + + \\begin{table}[] + + \\ + + Cannot be used if ``environment`` is "longtable". + hrules : bool + Set to `True` to add \\toprule, \\midrule and \\bottomrule from the + {booktabs} LaTeX package. + Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.latex.hrules``, which is `False`. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 + clines : str, optional + Use to control adding \\cline commands for the index labels separation. + Possible values are: + + - `None`: no cline commands are added (default). + - `"all;data"`: a cline is added for every index value extending the + width of the table, including data entries. + - `"all;index"`: as above with lines extending only the width of the + index entries. + - `"skip-last;data"`: a cline is added for each index value except the + last level (which is never sparsified), extending the widtn of the + table. + - `"skip-last;index"`: as above with lines extending only the width of the + index entries. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + label : str, optional + The LaTeX label included as: \\label{
}. + If tuple, i.e ("full caption", "short caption"), the caption included + as: \\caption[]{}. + sparse_index : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each row. + Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.index``, which is `True`. + sparse_columns : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each + column. Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.columns``, which + is `True`. + multirow_align : {"c", "t", "b", "naive"}, optional + If sparsifying hierarchical MultiIndexes whether to align text centrally, + at the top or bottom using the multirow package. If not given defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.latex.multirow_align``, which is `"c"`. + If "naive" is given renders without multirow. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 + multicol_align : {"r", "c", "l", "naive-l", "naive-r"}, optional + If sparsifying hierarchical MultiIndex columns whether to align text at + the left, centrally, or at the right. If not given defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.latex.multicol_align``, which is "r". + If a naive option is given renders without multicol. + Pipe decorators can also be added to non-naive values to draw vertical + rules, e.g. "\|r" will draw a rule on the left side of right aligned merged + cells. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 + siunitx : bool, default False + Set to ``True`` to structure LaTeX compatible with the {siunitx} package. + environment : str, optional + If given, the environment that will replace 'table' in ``\\begin{table}``. + If 'longtable' is specified then a more suitable template is + rendered. If not given defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.latex.environment``, which is `None`. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + encoding : str, optional + Character encoding setting. Defaults + to ``pandas.options.styler.render.encoding``, which is "utf-8". + convert_css : bool, default False + Convert simple cell-styles from CSS to LaTeX format. Any CSS not found in + conversion table is dropped. A style can be forced by adding option + `--latex`. See notes. + + Returns + ------- + str or None + If `buf` is None, returns the result as a string. Otherwise returns `None`. + + See Also + -------- + Styler.format: Format the text display value of cells. + + Notes + ----- + **Latex Packages** + + For the following features we recommend the following LaTeX inclusions: + + ===================== ========================================================== + Feature Inclusion + ===================== ========================================================== + sparse columns none: included within default {tabular} environment + sparse rows \\usepackage{multirow} + hrules \\usepackage{booktabs} + colors \\usepackage[table]{xcolor} + siunitx \\usepackage{siunitx} + bold (with siunitx) | \\usepackage{etoolbox} + | \\robustify\\bfseries + | \\sisetup{detect-all = true} *(within {document})* + italic (with siunitx) | \\usepackage{etoolbox} + | \\robustify\\itshape + | \\sisetup{detect-all = true} *(within {document})* + environment \\usepackage{longtable} if arg is "longtable" + | or any other relevant environment package + hyperlinks \\usepackage{hyperref} + ===================== ========================================================== + + **Cell Styles** + + LaTeX styling can only be rendered if the accompanying styling functions have + been constructed with appropriate LaTeX commands. All styling + functionality is built around the concept of a CSS ``(, )`` + pair (see `Table Visualization <../../user_guide/style.ipynb>`_), and this + should be replaced by a LaTeX + ``(, )`` approach. Each cell will be styled individually + using nested LaTeX commands with their accompanied options. + + For example the following code will highlight and bold a cell in HTML-CSS: + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1,2], [3,4]]) + >>> s = df.style.highlight_max(axis=None, + ... props='background-color:red; font-weight:bold;') + >>> s.to_html() # doctest: +SKIP + + The equivalent using LaTeX only commands is the following: + + >>> s = df.style.highlight_max(axis=None, + ... props='cellcolor:{red}; bfseries: ;') + >>> s.to_latex() # doctest: +SKIP + + Internally these structured LaTeX ``(, )`` pairs + are translated to the + ``display_value`` with the default structure: + ``\ ``. + Where there are multiple commands the latter is nested recursively, so that + the above example highlighted cell is rendered as + ``\cellcolor{red} \bfseries 4``. + + Occasionally this format does not suit the applied command, or + combination of LaTeX packages that is in use, so additional flags can be + added to the ````, within the tuple, to result in different + positions of required braces (the **default** being the same as ``--nowrap``): + + =================================== ============================================ + Tuple Format Output Structure + =================================== ============================================ + (,) \\ + (, ``--nowrap``) \\ + (, ``--rwrap``) \\{} + (, ``--wrap``) {\\ } + (, ``--lwrap``) {\\} + (, ``--dwrap``) {\\}{} + =================================== ============================================ + + For example the `textbf` command for font-weight + should always be used with `--rwrap` so ``('textbf', '--rwrap')`` will render a + working cell, wrapped with braces, as ``\textbf{}``. + + A more comprehensive example is as follows: + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2.2, "dogs"], [3, 4.4, "cats"], [2, 6.6, "cows"]], + ... index=["ix1", "ix2", "ix3"], + ... columns=["Integers", "Floats", "Strings"]) + >>> s = df.style.highlight_max( + ... props='cellcolor:[HTML]{FFFF00}; color:{red};' + ... 'textit:--rwrap; textbf:--rwrap;' + ... ) + >>> s.to_latex() # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/latex_1.png + + **Table Styles** + + Internally Styler uses its ``table_styles`` object to parse the + ``column_format``, ``position``, ``position_float``, and ``label`` + input arguments. These arguments are added to table styles in the format: + + .. code-block:: python + + set_table_styles([ + {"selector": "column_format", "props": f":{column_format};"}, + {"selector": "position", "props": f":{position};"}, + {"selector": "position_float", "props": f":{position_float};"}, + {"selector": "label", "props": f":{{{label.replace(':','§')}}};"} + ], overwrite=False) + + Exception is made for the ``hrules`` argument which, in fact, controls all three + commands: ``toprule``, ``bottomrule`` and ``midrule`` simultaneously. Instead of + setting ``hrules`` to ``True``, it is also possible to set each + individual rule definition, by manually setting the ``table_styles``, + for example below we set a regular ``toprule``, set an ``hline`` for + ``bottomrule`` and exclude the ``midrule``: + + .. code-block:: python + + set_table_styles([ + {'selector': 'toprule', 'props': ':toprule;'}, + {'selector': 'bottomrule', 'props': ':hline;'}, + ], overwrite=False) + + If other ``commands`` are added to table styles they will be detected, and + positioned immediately above the '\\begin{tabular}' command. For example to + add odd and even row coloring, from the {colortbl} package, in format + ``\rowcolors{1}{pink}{red}``, use: + + .. code-block:: python + + set_table_styles([ + {'selector': 'rowcolors', 'props': ':{1}{pink}{red};'} + ], overwrite=False) + + A more comprehensive example using these arguments is as follows: + + >>> df.columns = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([ + ... ("Numeric", "Integers"), + ... ("Numeric", "Floats"), + ... ("Non-Numeric", "Strings") + ... ]) + >>> df.index = pd.MultiIndex.from_tuples([ + ... ("L0", "ix1"), ("L0", "ix2"), ("L1", "ix3") + ... ]) + >>> s = df.style.highlight_max( + ... props='cellcolor:[HTML]{FFFF00}; color:{red}; itshape:; bfseries:;' + ... ) + >>> s.to_latex( + ... column_format="rrrrr", position="h", position_float="centering", + ... hrules=True, label="table:5", caption="Styled LaTeX Table", + ... multirow_align="t", multicol_align="r" + ... ) # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/latex_2.png + + **Formatting** + + To format values :meth:`Styler.format` should be used prior to calling + `Styler.to_latex`, as well as other methods such as :meth:`Styler.hide` + for example: + + >>> s.clear() + >>> s.table_styles = [] + >>> s.caption = None + >>> s.format({ + ... ("Numeric", "Integers"): '\${}', + ... ("Numeric", "Floats"): '{:.3f}', + ... ("Non-Numeric", "Strings"): str.upper + ... }) # doctest: +SKIP + Numeric Non-Numeric + Integers Floats Strings + L0 ix1 $1 2.200 DOGS + ix2 $3 4.400 CATS + L1 ix3 $2 6.600 COWS + + >>> s.to_latex() # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{llrrl} + {} & {} & \multicolumn{2}{r}{Numeric} & {Non-Numeric} \\ + {} & {} & {Integers} & {Floats} & {Strings} \\ + \multirow[c]{2}{*}{L0} & ix1 & \\$1 & 2.200 & DOGS \\ + & ix2 & \$3 & 4.400 & CATS \\ + L1 & ix3 & \$2 & 6.600 & COWS \\ + \end{tabular} + + **CSS Conversion** + + This method can convert a Styler constructured with HTML-CSS to LaTeX using + the following limited conversions. + + ================== ==================== ============= ========================== + CSS Attribute CSS value LaTeX Command LaTeX Options + ================== ==================== ============= ========================== + font-weight | bold | bfseries + | bolder | bfseries + font-style | italic | itshape + | oblique | slshape + background-color | red cellcolor | {red}--lwrap + | #fe01ea | [HTML]{FE01EA}--lwrap + | #f0e | [HTML]{FF00EE}--lwrap + | rgb(128,255,0) | [rgb]{0.5,1,0}--lwrap + | rgba(128,0,0,0.5) | [rgb]{0.5,0,0}--lwrap + | rgb(25%,255,50%) | [rgb]{0.25,1,0.5}--lwrap + color | red color | {red} + | #fe01ea | [HTML]{FE01EA} + | #f0e | [HTML]{FF00EE} + | rgb(128,255,0) | [rgb]{0.5,1,0} + | rgba(128,0,0,0.5) | [rgb]{0.5,0,0} + | rgb(25%,255,50%) | [rgb]{0.25,1,0.5} + ================== ==================== ============= ========================== + + It is also possible to add user-defined LaTeX only styles to a HTML-CSS Styler + using the ``--latex`` flag, and to add LaTeX parsing options that the + converter will detect within a CSS-comment. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1]]) + >>> df.style.set_properties( + ... **{"font-weight": "bold /* --dwrap */", "Huge": "--latex--rwrap"} + ... ).to_latex(convert_css=True) # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{lr} + {} & {0} \\ + 0 & {\bfseries}{\Huge{1}} \\ + \end{tabular} + + Examples + -------- + Below we give a complete step by step example adding some advanced features + and noting some common gotchas. + + First we create the DataFrame and Styler as usual, including MultiIndex rows + and columns, which allow for more advanced formatting options: + + >>> cidx = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([ + ... ["Equity", "Equity", "Equity", "Equity", + ... "Stats", "Stats", "Stats", "Stats", "Rating"], + ... ["Energy", "Energy", "Consumer", "Consumer", "", "", "", "", ""], + ... ["BP", "Shell", "H&M", "Unilever", + ... "Std Dev", "Variance", "52w High", "52w Low", ""] + ... ]) + >>> iidx = pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([ + ... ["Equity", "Equity", "Equity", "Equity"], + ... ["Energy", "Energy", "Consumer", "Consumer"], + ... ["BP", "Shell", "H&M", "Unilever"] + ... ]) + >>> styler = pd.DataFrame([ + ... [1, 0.8, 0.66, 0.72, 32.1678, 32.1678**2, 335.12, 240.89, "Buy"], + ... [0.8, 1.0, 0.69, 0.79, 1.876, 1.876**2, 14.12, 19.78, "Hold"], + ... [0.66, 0.69, 1.0, 0.86, 7, 7**2, 210.9, 140.6, "Buy"], + ... [0.72, 0.79, 0.86, 1.0, 213.76, 213.76**2, 2807, 3678, "Sell"], + ... ], columns=cidx, index=iidx).style + + Second we will format the display and, since our table is quite wide, will + hide the repeated level-0 of the index: + + >>> (styler.format(subset="Equity", precision=2) + ... .format(subset="Stats", precision=1, thousands=",") + ... .format(subset="Rating", formatter=str.upper) + ... .format_index(escape="latex", axis=1) + ... .format_index(escape="latex", axis=0) + ... .hide(level=0, axis=0)) # doctest: +SKIP + + Note that one of the string entries of the index and column headers is "H&M". + Without applying the `escape="latex"` option to the `format_index` method the + resultant LaTeX will fail to render, and the error returned is quite + difficult to debug. Using the appropriate escape the "&" is converted to "\\&". + + Thirdly we will apply some (CSS-HTML) styles to our object. We will use a + builtin method and also define our own method to highlight the stock + recommendation: + + >>> def rating_color(v): + ... if v == "Buy": color = "#33ff85" + ... elif v == "Sell": color = "#ff5933" + ... else: color = "#ffdd33" + ... return f"color: {color}; font-weight: bold;" + >>> (styler.background_gradient(cmap="inferno", subset="Equity", vmin=0, vmax=1) + ... .map(rating_color, subset="Rating")) # doctest: +SKIP + + All the above styles will work with HTML (see below) and LaTeX upon conversion: + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/latex_stocks_html.png + + However, we finally want to add one LaTeX only style + (from the {graphicx} package), that is not easy to convert from CSS and + pandas does not support it. Notice the `--latex` flag used here, + as well as `--rwrap` to ensure this is formatted correctly and + not ignored upon conversion. + + >>> styler.map_index( + ... lambda v: "rotatebox:{45}--rwrap--latex;", level=2, axis=1 + ... ) # doctest: +SKIP + + Finally we render our LaTeX adding in other options as required: + + >>> styler.to_latex( + ... caption="Selected stock correlation and simple statistics.", + ... clines="skip-last;data", + ... convert_css=True, + ... position_float="centering", + ... multicol_align="|c|", + ... hrules=True, + ... ) # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{table} + \centering + \caption{Selected stock correlation and simple statistics.} + \begin{tabular}{llrrrrrrrrl} + \toprule + & & \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{Equity} & \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{Stats} & Rating \\ + & & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Energy} & \multicolumn{2}{|c|}{Consumer} & + \multicolumn{4}{|c|}{} & \\ + & & \rotatebox{45}{BP} & \rotatebox{45}{Shell} & \rotatebox{45}{H\&M} & + \rotatebox{45}{Unilever} & \rotatebox{45}{Std Dev} & \rotatebox{45}{Variance} & + \rotatebox{45}{52w High} & \rotatebox{45}{52w Low} & \rotatebox{45}{} \\ + \midrule + \multirow[c]{2}{*}{Energy} & BP & {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCFFA4}} + \color[HTML]{000000} 1.00 & {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCA50A}} \color[HTML]{000000} + 0.80 & {\cellcolor[HTML]{EB6628}} \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} 0.66 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{F68013}} \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} 0.72 & 32.2 & 1,034.8 & 335.1 + & 240.9 & \color[HTML]{33FF85} \bfseries BUY \\ + & Shell & {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCA50A}} \color[HTML]{000000} 0.80 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCFFA4}} \color[HTML]{000000} 1.00 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{F1731D}} \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} 0.69 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCA108}} \color[HTML]{000000} 0.79 & 1.9 & 3.5 & 14.1 & + 19.8 & \color[HTML]{FFDD33} \bfseries HOLD \\ + \cline{1-11} + \multirow[c]{2}{*}{Consumer} & H\&M & {\cellcolor[HTML]{EB6628}} + \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} 0.66 & {\cellcolor[HTML]{F1731D}} \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} + 0.69 & {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCFFA4}} \color[HTML]{000000} 1.00 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FAC42A}} \color[HTML]{000000} 0.86 & 7.0 & 49.0 & 210.9 & + 140.6 & \color[HTML]{33FF85} \bfseries BUY \\ + & Unilever & {\cellcolor[HTML]{F68013}} \color[HTML]{F1F1F1} 0.72 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCA108}} \color[HTML]{000000} 0.79 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FAC42A}} \color[HTML]{000000} 0.86 & + {\cellcolor[HTML]{FCFFA4}} \color[HTML]{000000} 1.00 & 213.8 & 45,693.3 & + 2,807.0 & 3,678.0 & \color[HTML]{FF5933} \bfseries SELL \\ + \cline{1-11} + \bottomrule + \end{tabular} + \end{table} + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/latex_stocks.png + """ + obj = self._copy(deepcopy=True) # manipulate table_styles on obj, not self + + table_selectors = ( + [style["selector"] for style in self.table_styles] + if self.table_styles is not None + else [] + ) + + if column_format is not None: + # add more recent setting to table_styles + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "column_format", "props": f":{column_format}"}], + overwrite=False, + ) + elif "column_format" in table_selectors: + pass # adopt what has been previously set in table_styles + else: + # create a default: set float, complex, int cols to 'r' ('S'), index to 'l' + _original_columns = self.data.columns + self.data.columns = RangeIndex(stop=len(self.data.columns)) + numeric_cols = self.data._get_numeric_data().columns.to_list() + self.data.columns = _original_columns + column_format = "" + for level in range(self.index.nlevels): + column_format += "" if self.hide_index_[level] else "l" + for ci, _ in enumerate(self.data.columns): + if ci not in self.hidden_columns: + column_format += ( + ("r" if not siunitx else "S") if ci in numeric_cols else "l" + ) + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "column_format", "props": f":{column_format}"}], + overwrite=False, + ) + + if position: + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "position", "props": f":{position}"}], + overwrite=False, + ) + + if position_float: + if environment == "longtable": + raise ValueError( + "`position_float` cannot be used in 'longtable' `environment`" + ) + if position_float not in ["raggedright", "raggedleft", "centering"]: + raise ValueError( + f"`position_float` should be one of " + f"'raggedright', 'raggedleft', 'centering', " + f"got: '{position_float}'" + ) + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "position_float", "props": f":{position_float}"}], + overwrite=False, + ) + + hrules = get_option("styler.latex.hrules") if hrules is None else hrules + if hrules: + obj.set_table_styles( + [ + {"selector": "toprule", "props": ":toprule"}, + {"selector": "midrule", "props": ":midrule"}, + {"selector": "bottomrule", "props": ":bottomrule"}, + ], + overwrite=False, + ) + + if label: + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "label", "props": f":{{{label.replace(':', '§')}}}"}], + overwrite=False, + ) + + if caption: + obj.set_caption(caption) + + if sparse_index is None: + sparse_index = get_option("styler.sparse.index") + if sparse_columns is None: + sparse_columns = get_option("styler.sparse.columns") + environment = environment or get_option("styler.latex.environment") + multicol_align = multicol_align or get_option("styler.latex.multicol_align") + multirow_align = multirow_align or get_option("styler.latex.multirow_align") + latex = obj._render_latex( + sparse_index=sparse_index, + sparse_columns=sparse_columns, + multirow_align=multirow_align, + multicol_align=multicol_align, + environment=environment, + convert_css=convert_css, + siunitx=siunitx, + clines=clines, + ) + + encoding = ( + (encoding or get_option("styler.render.encoding")) + if isinstance(buf, str) # i.e. a filepath + else encoding + ) + return save_to_buffer(latex, buf=buf, encoding=encoding) + + @overload + def to_html( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str], + *, + table_uuid: str | None = ..., + table_attributes: str | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + bold_headers: bool = ..., + caption: str | None = ..., + max_rows: int | None = ..., + max_columns: int | None = ..., + encoding: str | None = ..., + doctype_html: bool = ..., + exclude_styles: bool = ..., + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + ... + + @overload + def to_html( + self, + buf: None = ..., + *, + table_uuid: str | None = ..., + table_attributes: str | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + bold_headers: bool = ..., + caption: str | None = ..., + max_rows: int | None = ..., + max_columns: int | None = ..., + encoding: str | None = ..., + doctype_html: bool = ..., + exclude_styles: bool = ..., + **kwargs, + ) -> str: + ... + + @Substitution(buf=buffering_args, encoding=encoding_args) + def to_html( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + *, + table_uuid: str | None = None, + table_attributes: str | None = None, + sparse_index: bool | None = None, + sparse_columns: bool | None = None, + bold_headers: bool = False, + caption: str | None = None, + max_rows: int | None = None, + max_columns: int | None = None, + encoding: str | None = None, + doctype_html: bool = False, + exclude_styles: bool = False, + **kwargs, + ) -> str | None: + """ + Write Styler to a file, buffer or string in HTML-CSS format. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + %(buf)s + table_uuid : str, optional + Id attribute assigned to the HTML element in the format: + + ``
`` + + If not given uses Styler's initially assigned value. + table_attributes : str, optional + Attributes to assign within the `
` HTML element in the format: + + ``
>`` + + If not given defaults to Styler's preexisting value. + sparse_index : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each row. + Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.index`` value. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + sparse_columns : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each + column. Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.columns`` value. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + bold_headers : bool, optional + Adds "font-weight: bold;" as a CSS property to table style header cells. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + caption : str, optional + Set, or overwrite, the caption on Styler before rendering. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + max_rows : int, optional + The maximum number of rows that will be rendered. Defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_rows/max_columns``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + max_columns : int, optional + The maximum number of columns that will be rendered. Defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_columns``, which is None. + + Rows and columns may be reduced if the number of total elements is + large. This value is set to ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_elements``, + which is 262144 (18 bit browser rendering). + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + %(encoding)s + doctype_html : bool, default False + Whether to output a fully structured HTML file including all + HTML elements, or just the core `` +
+ + + + + + + ... + """ + obj = self._copy(deepcopy=True) # manipulate table_styles on obj, not self + + if table_uuid: + obj.set_uuid(table_uuid) + + if table_attributes: + obj.set_table_attributes(table_attributes) + + if sparse_index is None: + sparse_index = get_option("styler.sparse.index") + if sparse_columns is None: + sparse_columns = get_option("styler.sparse.columns") + + if bold_headers: + obj.set_table_styles( + [{"selector": "th", "props": "font-weight: bold;"}], overwrite=False + ) + + if caption is not None: + obj.set_caption(caption) + + # Build HTML string.. + html = obj._render_html( + sparse_index=sparse_index, + sparse_columns=sparse_columns, + max_rows=max_rows, + max_cols=max_columns, + exclude_styles=exclude_styles, + encoding=encoding or get_option("styler.render.encoding"), + doctype_html=doctype_html, + **kwargs, + ) + + return save_to_buffer( + html, buf=buf, encoding=(encoding if buf is not None else None) + ) + + @overload + def to_string( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str], + *, + encoding: str | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + max_rows: int | None = ..., + max_columns: int | None = ..., + delimiter: str = ..., + ) -> None: + ... + + @overload + def to_string( + self, + buf: None = ..., + *, + encoding: str | None = ..., + sparse_index: bool | None = ..., + sparse_columns: bool | None = ..., + max_rows: int | None = ..., + max_columns: int | None = ..., + delimiter: str = ..., + ) -> str: + ... + + @Substitution(buf=buffering_args, encoding=encoding_args) + def to_string( + self, + buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + *, + encoding: str | None = None, + sparse_index: bool | None = None, + sparse_columns: bool | None = None, + max_rows: int | None = None, + max_columns: int | None = None, + delimiter: str = " ", + ) -> str | None: + """ + Write Styler to a file, buffer or string in text format. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + %(buf)s + %(encoding)s + sparse_index : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each row. + Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.index`` value. + sparse_columns : bool, optional + Whether to sparsify the display of a hierarchical index. Setting to False + will display each explicit level element in a hierarchical key for each + column. Defaults to ``pandas.options.styler.sparse.columns`` value. + max_rows : int, optional + The maximum number of rows that will be rendered. Defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_rows``, which is None. + max_columns : int, optional + The maximum number of columns that will be rendered. Defaults to + ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_columns``, which is None. + + Rows and columns may be reduced if the number of total elements is + large. This value is set to ``pandas.options.styler.render.max_elements``, + which is 262144 (18 bit browser rendering). + delimiter : str, default single space + The separator between data elements. + + Returns + ------- + str or None + If `buf` is None, returns the result as a string. Otherwise returns `None`. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, 4]}) + >>> df.style.to_string() + ' A B\\n0 1 3\\n1 2 4\\n' + """ + obj = self._copy(deepcopy=True) + + if sparse_index is None: + sparse_index = get_option("styler.sparse.index") + if sparse_columns is None: + sparse_columns = get_option("styler.sparse.columns") + + text = obj._render_string( + sparse_columns=sparse_columns, + sparse_index=sparse_index, + max_rows=max_rows, + max_cols=max_columns, + delimiter=delimiter, + ) + return save_to_buffer( + text, buf=buf, encoding=(encoding if buf is not None else None) + ) + + def set_td_classes(self, classes: DataFrame) -> Styler: + """ + Set the ``class`` attribute of ``
 AB
`` HTML elements. + + Parameters + ---------- + classes : DataFrame + DataFrame containing strings that will be translated to CSS classes, + mapped by identical column and index key values that must exist on the + underlying Styler data. None, NaN values, and empty strings will + be ignored and not affect the rendered HTML. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.set_table_styles: Set the table styles included within the ``' + '' + ' ' + ' ' + ' ' + ' ' + ' ' + ' ' + '
0
1
' + """ + if not classes.index.is_unique or not classes.columns.is_unique: + raise KeyError( + "Classes render only if `classes` has unique index and columns." + ) + classes = classes.reindex_like(self.data) + + for r, row_tup in enumerate(classes.itertuples()): + for c, value in enumerate(row_tup[1:]): + if not (pd.isna(value) or value == ""): + self.cell_context[(r, c)] = str(value) + + return self + + def _update_ctx(self, attrs: DataFrame) -> None: + """ + Update the state of the ``Styler`` for data cells. + + Collects a mapping of {index_label: [('', ''), ..]}. + + Parameters + ---------- + attrs : DataFrame + should contain strings of ': ;: ' + Whitespace shouldn't matter and the final trailing ';' shouldn't + matter. + """ + if not self.index.is_unique or not self.columns.is_unique: + raise KeyError( + "`Styler.apply` and `.map` are not compatible " + "with non-unique index or columns." + ) + + for cn in attrs.columns: + j = self.columns.get_loc(cn) + ser = attrs[cn] + for rn, c in ser.items(): + if not c or pd.isna(c): + continue + css_list = maybe_convert_css_to_tuples(c) + i = self.index.get_loc(rn) + self.ctx[(i, j)].extend(css_list) + + def _update_ctx_header(self, attrs: DataFrame, axis: AxisInt) -> None: + """ + Update the state of the ``Styler`` for header cells. + + Collects a mapping of {index_label: [('', ''), ..]}. + + Parameters + ---------- + attrs : Series + Should contain strings of ': ;: ', and an + integer index. + Whitespace shouldn't matter and the final trailing ';' shouldn't + matter. + axis : int + Identifies whether the ctx object being updated is the index or columns + """ + for j in attrs.columns: + ser = attrs[j] + for i, c in ser.items(): + if not c: + continue + css_list = maybe_convert_css_to_tuples(c) + if axis == 0: + self.ctx_index[(i, j)].extend(css_list) + else: + self.ctx_columns[(j, i)].extend(css_list) + + def _copy(self, deepcopy: bool = False) -> Styler: + """ + Copies a Styler, allowing for deepcopy or shallow copy + + Copying a Styler aims to recreate a new Styler object which contains the same + data and styles as the original. + + Data dependent attributes [copied and NOT exported]: + - formatting (._display_funcs) + - hidden index values or column values (.hidden_rows, .hidden_columns) + - tooltips + - cell_context (cell css classes) + - ctx (cell css styles) + - caption + - concatenated stylers + + Non-data dependent attributes [copied and exported]: + - css + - hidden index state and hidden columns state (.hide_index_, .hide_columns_) + - table_attributes + - table_styles + - applied styles (_todo) + + """ + # GH 40675, 52728 + styler = type(self)( + self.data, # populates attributes 'data', 'columns', 'index' as shallow + ) + shallow = [ # simple string or boolean immutables + "hide_index_", + "hide_columns_", + "hide_column_names", + "hide_index_names", + "table_attributes", + "cell_ids", + "caption", + "uuid", + "uuid_len", + "template_latex", # also copy templates if these have been customised + "template_html_style", + "template_html_table", + "template_html", + ] + deep = [ # nested lists or dicts + "css", + "concatenated", + "_display_funcs", + "_display_funcs_index", + "_display_funcs_columns", + "hidden_rows", + "hidden_columns", + "ctx", + "ctx_index", + "ctx_columns", + "cell_context", + "_todo", + "table_styles", + "tooltips", + ] + + for attr in shallow: + setattr(styler, attr, getattr(self, attr)) + + for attr in deep: + val = getattr(self, attr) + setattr(styler, attr, copy.deepcopy(val) if deepcopy else val) + + return styler + + def __copy__(self) -> Styler: + return self._copy(deepcopy=False) + + def __deepcopy__(self, memo) -> Styler: + return self._copy(deepcopy=True) + + def clear(self) -> None: + """ + Reset the ``Styler``, removing any previously applied styles. + + Returns None. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({'A': [1, 2], 'B': [3, np.nan]}) + + After any added style: + + >>> df.style.highlight_null(color='yellow') # doctest: +SKIP + + Remove it with: + + >>> df.style.clear() # doctest: +SKIP + + Please see: + `Table Visualization <../../user_guide/style.ipynb>`_ for more examples. + """ + # create default GH 40675 + clean_copy = Styler(self.data, uuid=self.uuid) + clean_attrs = [a for a in clean_copy.__dict__ if not callable(a)] + self_attrs = [a for a in self.__dict__ if not callable(a)] # maybe more attrs + for attr in clean_attrs: + setattr(self, attr, getattr(clean_copy, attr)) + for attr in set(self_attrs).difference(clean_attrs): + delattr(self, attr) + + def _apply( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: Axis | None = 0, + subset: Subset | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + subset = slice(None) if subset is None else subset + subset = non_reducing_slice(subset) + data = self.data.loc[subset] + if data.empty: + result = DataFrame() + elif axis is None: + result = func(data, **kwargs) + if not isinstance(result, DataFrame): + if not isinstance(result, np.ndarray): + raise TypeError( + f"Function {repr(func)} must return a DataFrame or ndarray " + f"when passed to `Styler.apply` with axis=None" + ) + if data.shape != result.shape: + raise ValueError( + f"Function {repr(func)} returned ndarray with wrong shape.\n" + f"Result has shape: {result.shape}\n" + f"Expected shape: {data.shape}" + ) + result = DataFrame(result, index=data.index, columns=data.columns) + else: + axis = self.data._get_axis_number(axis) + if axis == 0: + result = data.apply(func, axis=0, **kwargs) + else: + result = data.T.apply(func, axis=0, **kwargs).T # see GH 42005 + + if isinstance(result, Series): + raise ValueError( + f"Function {repr(func)} resulted in the apply method collapsing to a " + f"Series.\nUsually, this is the result of the function returning a " + f"single value, instead of list-like." + ) + msg = ( + f"Function {repr(func)} created invalid {{0}} labels.\nUsually, this is " + f"the result of the function returning a " + f"{'Series' if axis is not None else 'DataFrame'} which contains invalid " + f"labels, or returning an incorrectly shaped, list-like object which " + f"cannot be mapped to labels, possibly due to applying the function along " + f"the wrong axis.\n" + f"Result {{0}} has shape: {{1}}\n" + f"Expected {{0}} shape: {{2}}" + ) + if not all(result.index.isin(data.index)): + raise ValueError(msg.format("index", result.index.shape, data.index.shape)) + if not all(result.columns.isin(data.columns)): + raise ValueError( + msg.format("columns", result.columns.shape, data.columns.shape) + ) + self._update_ctx(result) + return self + + @Substitution(subset=subset_args) + def apply( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: Axis | None = 0, + subset: Subset | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + """ + Apply a CSS-styling function column-wise, row-wise, or table-wise. + + Updates the HTML representation with the result. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + ``func`` should take a Series if ``axis`` in [0,1] and return a list-like + object of same length, or a Series, not necessarily of same length, with + valid index labels considering ``subset``. + ``func`` should take a DataFrame if ``axis`` is ``None`` and return either + an ndarray with the same shape or a DataFrame, not necessarily of the same + shape, with valid index and columns labels considering ``subset``. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.3.0 + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 + + axis : {0 or 'index', 1 or 'columns', None}, default 0 + Apply to each column (``axis=0`` or ``'index'``), to each row + (``axis=1`` or ``'columns'``), or to the entire DataFrame at once + with ``axis=None``. + %(subset)s + **kwargs : dict + Pass along to ``func``. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.map_index: Apply a CSS-styling function to headers elementwise. + Styler.apply_index: Apply a CSS-styling function to headers level-wise. + Styler.map: Apply a CSS-styling function elementwise. + + Notes + ----- + The elements of the output of ``func`` should be CSS styles as strings, in the + format 'attribute: value; attribute2: value2; ...' or, + if nothing is to be applied to that element, an empty string or ``None``. + + This is similar to ``DataFrame.apply``, except that ``axis=None`` + applies the function to the entire DataFrame at once, + rather than column-wise or row-wise. + + Examples + -------- + >>> def highlight_max(x, color): + ... return np.where(x == np.nanmax(x.to_numpy()), f"color: {color};", None) + >>> df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 2), columns=["A", "B"]) + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='red') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='blue', axis=1) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='green', axis=None) # doctest: +SKIP + + Using ``subset`` to restrict application to a single column or multiple columns + + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='red', subset="A") + ... # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='red', subset=["A", "B"]) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + Using a 2d input to ``subset`` to select rows in addition to columns + + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='red', subset=([0, 1, 2], slice(None))) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.apply(highlight_max, color='red', subset=(slice(0, 5, 2), "A")) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + Using a function which returns a Series / DataFrame of unequal length but + containing valid index labels + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4], [4, 6]], index=["A1", "A2", "Total"]) + >>> total_style = pd.Series("font-weight: bold;", index=["Total"]) + >>> df.style.apply(lambda s: total_style) # doctest: +SKIP + + See `Table Visualization <../../user_guide/style.ipynb>`_ user guide for + more details. + """ + self._todo.append( + (lambda instance: getattr(instance, "_apply"), (func, axis, subset), kwargs) + ) + return self + + def _apply_index( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: Axis = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + method: str = "apply", + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + axis = self.data._get_axis_number(axis) + obj = self.index if axis == 0 else self.columns + + levels_ = refactor_levels(level, obj) + data = DataFrame(obj.to_list()).loc[:, levels_] + + if method == "apply": + result = data.apply(func, axis=0, **kwargs) + elif method == "map": + result = data.map(func, **kwargs) + + self._update_ctx_header(result, axis) + return self + + @doc( + this="apply", + wise="level-wise", + alt="map", + altwise="elementwise", + func="take a Series and return a string array of the same length", + input_note="the index as a Series, if an Index, or a level of a MultiIndex", + output_note="an identically sized array of CSS styles as strings", + var="s", + ret='np.where(s == "B", "background-color: yellow;", "")', + ret2='["background-color: yellow;" if "x" in v else "" for v in s]', + ) + def apply_index( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: AxisInt | str = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + """ + Apply a CSS-styling function to the index or column headers, {wise}. + + Updates the HTML representation with the result. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + Styler.applymap_index was deprecated and renamed to Styler.map_index. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + ``func`` should {func}. + axis : {{0, 1, "index", "columns"}} + The headers over which to apply the function. + level : int, str, list, optional + If index is MultiIndex the level(s) over which to apply the function. + **kwargs : dict + Pass along to ``func``. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.{alt}_index: Apply a CSS-styling function to headers {altwise}. + Styler.apply: Apply a CSS-styling function column-wise, row-wise, or table-wise. + Styler.map: Apply a CSS-styling function elementwise. + + Notes + ----- + Each input to ``func`` will be {input_note}. The output of ``func`` should be + {output_note}, in the format 'attribute: value; attribute2: value2; ...' + or, if nothing is to be applied to that element, an empty string or ``None``. + + Examples + -------- + Basic usage to conditionally highlight values in the index. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1,2], [3,4]], index=["A", "B"]) + >>> def color_b(s): + ... return {ret} + >>> df.style.{this}_index(color_b) # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/appmaphead1.png + + Selectively applying to specific levels of MultiIndex columns. + + >>> midx = pd.MultiIndex.from_product([['ix', 'jy'], [0, 1], ['x3', 'z4']]) + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([np.arange(8)], columns=midx) + >>> def highlight_x({var}): + ... return {ret2} + >>> df.style.{this}_index(highlight_x, axis="columns", level=[0, 2]) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/appmaphead2.png + """ + self._todo.append( + ( + lambda instance: getattr(instance, "_apply_index"), + (func, axis, level, "apply"), + kwargs, + ) + ) + return self + + @doc( + apply_index, + this="map", + wise="elementwise", + alt="apply", + altwise="level-wise", + func="take a scalar and return a string", + input_note="an index value, if an Index, or a level value of a MultiIndex", + output_note="CSS styles as a string", + var="v", + ret='"background-color: yellow;" if v == "B" else None', + ret2='"background-color: yellow;" if "x" in v else None', + ) + def map_index( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: AxisInt | str = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + self._todo.append( + ( + lambda instance: getattr(instance, "_apply_index"), + (func, axis, level, "map"), + kwargs, + ) + ) + return self + + def applymap_index( + self, + func: Callable, + axis: AxisInt | str = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + **kwargs, + ) -> Styler: + """ + Apply a CSS-styling function to the index or column headers, elementwise. + + .. deprecated:: 2.1.0 + + Styler.applymap_index has been deprecated. Use Styler.map_index instead. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + ``func`` should take a scalar and return a string. + axis : {{0, 1, "index", "columns"}} + The headers over which to apply the function. + level : int, str, list, optional + If index is MultiIndex the level(s) over which to apply the function. + **kwargs : dict + Pass along to ``func``. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + """ + warnings.warn( + "Styler.applymap_index has been deprecated. Use Styler.map_index instead.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return self.map_index(func, axis, level, **kwargs) + + def _map(self, func: Callable, subset: Subset | None = None, **kwargs) -> Styler: + func = partial(func, **kwargs) # map doesn't take kwargs? + if subset is None: + subset = IndexSlice[:] + subset = non_reducing_slice(subset) + result = self.data.loc[subset].map(func) + self._update_ctx(result) + return self + + @Substitution(subset=subset_args) + def map(self, func: Callable, subset: Subset | None = None, **kwargs) -> Styler: + """ + Apply a CSS-styling function elementwise. + + Updates the HTML representation with the result. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + ``func`` should take a scalar and return a string. + %(subset)s + **kwargs : dict + Pass along to ``func``. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.map_index: Apply a CSS-styling function to headers elementwise. + Styler.apply_index: Apply a CSS-styling function to headers level-wise. + Styler.apply: Apply a CSS-styling function column-wise, row-wise, or table-wise. + + Notes + ----- + The elements of the output of ``func`` should be CSS styles as strings, in the + format 'attribute: value; attribute2: value2; ...' or, + if nothing is to be applied to that element, an empty string or ``None``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> def color_negative(v, color): + ... return f"color: {color};" if v < 0 else None + >>> df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(5, 2), columns=["A", "B"]) + >>> df.style.map(color_negative, color='red') # doctest: +SKIP + + Using ``subset`` to restrict application to a single column or multiple columns + + >>> df.style.map(color_negative, color='red', subset="A") + ... # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.map(color_negative, color='red', subset=["A", "B"]) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + Using a 2d input to ``subset`` to select rows in addition to columns + + >>> df.style.map(color_negative, color='red', + ... subset=([0,1,2], slice(None))) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.style.map(color_negative, color='red', subset=(slice(0,5,2), "A")) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + See `Table Visualization <../../user_guide/style.ipynb>`_ user guide for + more details. + """ + self._todo.append( + (lambda instance: getattr(instance, "_map"), (func, subset), kwargs) + ) + return self + + @Substitution(subset=subset_args) + def applymap( + self, func: Callable, subset: Subset | None = None, **kwargs + ) -> Styler: + """ + Apply a CSS-styling function elementwise. + + .. deprecated:: 2.1.0 + + Styler.applymap has been deprecated. Use Styler.map instead. + + Parameters + ---------- + func : function + ``func`` should take a scalar and return a string. + %(subset)s + **kwargs : dict + Pass along to ``func``. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + """ + warnings.warn( + "Styler.applymap has been deprecated. Use Styler.map instead.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return self.map(func, subset, **kwargs) + + def set_table_attributes(self, attributes: str) -> Styler: + """ + Set the table attributes added to the ```` HTML element. + + These are items in addition to automatic (by default) ``id`` attribute. + + Parameters + ---------- + attributes : str + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.set_table_styles: Set the table styles included within the `` block + + Parameters + ---------- + sparsify_index : bool + Whether index_headers section will add rowspan attributes (>1) to elements. + + Returns + ------- + body : list + The associated HTML elements needed for template rendering. + """ + rlabels = self.data.index.tolist() + if not isinstance(self.data.index, MultiIndex): + rlabels = [[x] for x in rlabels] + + body: list = [] + visible_row_count: int = 0 + for r, row_tup in [ + z for z in enumerate(self.data.itertuples()) if z[0] not in self.hidden_rows + ]: + visible_row_count += 1 + if self._check_trim( + visible_row_count, + max_rows, + body, + "row", + ): + break + + body_row = self._generate_body_row( + (r, row_tup, rlabels), max_cols, idx_lengths + ) + body.append(body_row) + return body + + def _check_trim( + self, + count: int, + max: int, + obj: list, + element: str, + css: str | None = None, + value: str = "...", + ) -> bool: + """ + Indicates whether to break render loops and append a trimming indicator + + Parameters + ---------- + count : int + The loop count of previous visible items. + max : int + The allowable rendered items in the loop. + obj : list + The current render collection of the rendered items. + element : str + The type of element to append in the case a trimming indicator is needed. + css : str, optional + The css to add to the trimming indicator element. + value : str, optional + The value of the elements display if necessary. + + Returns + ------- + result : bool + Whether a trimming element was required and appended. + """ + if count > max: + if element == "row": + obj.append(self._generate_trimmed_row(max)) + else: + obj.append(_element(element, css, value, True, attributes="")) + return True + return False + + def _generate_trimmed_row(self, max_cols: int) -> list: + """ + When a render has too many rows we generate a trimming row containing "..." + + Parameters + ---------- + max_cols : int + Number of permissible columns + + Returns + ------- + list of elements + """ + index_headers = [ + _element( + "th", + ( + f"{self.css['row_heading']} {self.css['level']}{c} " + f"{self.css['row_trim']}" + ), + "...", + not self.hide_index_[c], + attributes="", + ) + for c in range(self.data.index.nlevels) + ] + + data: list = [] + visible_col_count: int = 0 + for c, _ in enumerate(self.columns): + data_element_visible = c not in self.hidden_columns + if data_element_visible: + visible_col_count += 1 + if self._check_trim( + visible_col_count, + max_cols, + data, + "td", + f"{self.css['data']} {self.css['row_trim']} {self.css['col_trim']}", + ): + break + + data.append( + _element( + "td", + f"{self.css['data']} {self.css['col']}{c} {self.css['row_trim']}", + "...", + data_element_visible, + attributes="", + ) + ) + + return index_headers + data + + def _generate_body_row( + self, + iter: tuple, + max_cols: int, + idx_lengths: dict, + ): + """ + Generate a regular row for the body section of appropriate format. + + +--------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ + | index_header_0 ... index_header_n | data_by_column ... | + +--------------------------------------------+---------------------------+ + + Parameters + ---------- + iter : tuple + Iterable from outer scope: row number, row data tuple, row index labels. + max_cols : int + Number of permissible columns. + idx_lengths : dict + A map of the sparsification structure of the index + + Returns + ------- + list of elements + """ + r, row_tup, rlabels = iter + + index_headers = [] + for c, value in enumerate(rlabels[r]): + header_element_visible = ( + _is_visible(r, c, idx_lengths) and not self.hide_index_[c] + ) + header_element = _element( + "th", + ( + f"{self.css['row_heading']} {self.css['level']}{c} " + f"{self.css['row']}{r}" + ), + value, + header_element_visible, + display_value=self._display_funcs_index[(r, c)](value), + attributes=( + f'rowspan="{idx_lengths.get((c, r), 0)}"' + if idx_lengths.get((c, r), 0) > 1 + else "" + ), + ) + + if self.cell_ids: + header_element[ + "id" + ] = f"{self.css['level']}{c}_{self.css['row']}{r}" # id is given + if ( + header_element_visible + and (r, c) in self.ctx_index + and self.ctx_index[r, c] + ): + # always add id if a style is specified + header_element["id"] = f"{self.css['level']}{c}_{self.css['row']}{r}" + self.cellstyle_map_index[tuple(self.ctx_index[r, c])].append( + f"{self.css['level']}{c}_{self.css['row']}{r}" + ) + + index_headers.append(header_element) + + data: list = [] + visible_col_count: int = 0 + for c, value in enumerate(row_tup[1:]): + data_element_visible = ( + c not in self.hidden_columns and r not in self.hidden_rows + ) + if data_element_visible: + visible_col_count += 1 + if self._check_trim( + visible_col_count, + max_cols, + data, + "td", + f"{self.css['data']} {self.css['row']}{r} {self.css['col_trim']}", + ): + break + + # add custom classes from cell context + cls = "" + if (r, c) in self.cell_context: + cls = " " + self.cell_context[r, c] + + data_element = _element( + "td", + ( + f"{self.css['data']} {self.css['row']}{r} " + f"{self.css['col']}{c}{cls}" + ), + value, + data_element_visible, + attributes="", + display_value=self._display_funcs[(r, c)](value), + ) + + if self.cell_ids: + data_element["id"] = f"{self.css['row']}{r}_{self.css['col']}{c}" + if data_element_visible and (r, c) in self.ctx and self.ctx[r, c]: + # always add id if needed due to specified style + data_element["id"] = f"{self.css['row']}{r}_{self.css['col']}{c}" + self.cellstyle_map[tuple(self.ctx[r, c])].append( + f"{self.css['row']}{r}_{self.css['col']}{c}" + ) + + data.append(data_element) + + return index_headers + data + + def _translate_latex(self, d: dict, clines: str | None) -> None: + r""" + Post-process the default render dict for the LaTeX template format. + + Processing items included are: + - Remove hidden columns from the non-headers part of the body. + - Place cellstyles directly in td cells rather than use cellstyle_map. + - Remove hidden indexes or reinsert missing th elements if part of multiindex + or multirow sparsification (so that \multirow and \multicol work correctly). + """ + index_levels = self.index.nlevels + visible_index_level_n = index_levels - sum(self.hide_index_) + d["head"] = [ + [ + {**col, "cellstyle": self.ctx_columns[r, c - visible_index_level_n]} + for c, col in enumerate(row) + if col["is_visible"] + ] + for r, row in enumerate(d["head"]) + ] + + def _concatenated_visible_rows(obj, n, row_indices): + """ + Extract all visible row indices recursively from concatenated stylers. + """ + row_indices.extend( + [r + n for r in range(len(obj.index)) if r not in obj.hidden_rows] + ) + n += len(obj.index) + for concatenated in obj.concatenated: + n = _concatenated_visible_rows(concatenated, n, row_indices) + return n + + def concatenated_visible_rows(obj): + row_indices: list[int] = [] + _concatenated_visible_rows(obj, 0, row_indices) + # TODO try to consolidate the concat visible rows + # methods to a single function / recursion for simplicity + return row_indices + + body = [] + for r, row in zip(concatenated_visible_rows(self), d["body"]): + # note: cannot enumerate d["body"] because rows were dropped if hidden + # during _translate_body so must zip to acquire the true r-index associated + # with the ctx obj which contains the cell styles. + if all(self.hide_index_): + row_body_headers = [] + else: + row_body_headers = [ + { + **col, + "display_value": col["display_value"] + if col["is_visible"] + else "", + "cellstyle": self.ctx_index[r, c], + } + for c, col in enumerate(row[:index_levels]) + if (col["type"] == "th" and not self.hide_index_[c]) + ] + + row_body_cells = [ + {**col, "cellstyle": self.ctx[r, c]} + for c, col in enumerate(row[index_levels:]) + if (col["is_visible"] and col["type"] == "td") + ] + + body.append(row_body_headers + row_body_cells) + d["body"] = body + + # clines are determined from info on index_lengths and hidden_rows and input + # to a dict defining which row clines should be added in the template. + if clines not in [ + None, + "all;data", + "all;index", + "skip-last;data", + "skip-last;index", + ]: + raise ValueError( + f"`clines` value of {clines} is invalid. Should either be None or one " + f"of 'all;data', 'all;index', 'skip-last;data', 'skip-last;index'." + ) + if clines is not None: + data_len = len(row_body_cells) if "data" in clines and d["body"] else 0 + + d["clines"] = defaultdict(list) + visible_row_indexes: list[int] = [ + r for r in range(len(self.data.index)) if r not in self.hidden_rows + ] + visible_index_levels: list[int] = [ + i for i in range(index_levels) if not self.hide_index_[i] + ] + for rn, r in enumerate(visible_row_indexes): + for lvln, lvl in enumerate(visible_index_levels): + if lvl == index_levels - 1 and "skip-last" in clines: + continue + idx_len = d["index_lengths"].get((lvl, r), None) + if idx_len is not None: # i.e. not a sparsified entry + d["clines"][rn + idx_len].append( + f"\\cline{{{lvln+1}-{len(visible_index_levels)+data_len}}}" + ) + + def format( + self, + formatter: ExtFormatter | None = None, + subset: Subset | None = None, + na_rep: str | None = None, + precision: int | None = None, + decimal: str = ".", + thousands: str | None = None, + escape: str | None = None, + hyperlinks: str | None = None, + ) -> StylerRenderer: + r""" + Format the text display value of cells. + + Parameters + ---------- + formatter : str, callable, dict or None + Object to define how values are displayed. See notes. + subset : label, array-like, IndexSlice, optional + A valid 2d input to `DataFrame.loc[]`, or, in the case of a 1d input + or single key, to `DataFrame.loc[:, ]` where the columns are + prioritised, to limit ``data`` to *before* applying the function. + na_rep : str, optional + Representation for missing values. + If ``na_rep`` is None, no special formatting is applied. + precision : int, optional + Floating point precision to use for display purposes, if not determined by + the specified ``formatter``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + decimal : str, default "." + Character used as decimal separator for floats, complex and integers. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + thousands : str, optional, default None + Character used as thousands separator for floats, complex and integers. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + escape : str, optional + Use 'html' to replace the characters ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``'``, and ``"`` + in cell display string with HTML-safe sequences. + Use 'latex' to replace the characters ``&``, ``%``, ``$``, ``#``, ``_``, + ``{``, ``}``, ``~``, ``^``, and ``\`` in the cell display string with + LaTeX-safe sequences. + Use 'latex-math' to replace the characters the same way as in 'latex' mode, + except for math substrings, which either are surrounded + by two characters ``$`` or start with the character ``\(`` and + end with ``\)``. Escaping is done before ``formatter``. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + hyperlinks : {"html", "latex"}, optional + Convert string patterns containing https://, http://, ftp:// or www. to + HTML tags as clickable URL hyperlinks if "html", or LaTeX \href + commands if "latex". + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.format_index: Format the text display value of index labels. + + Notes + ----- + This method assigns a formatting function, ``formatter``, to each cell in the + DataFrame. If ``formatter`` is ``None``, then the default formatter is used. + If a callable then that function should take a data value as input and return + a displayable representation, such as a string. If ``formatter`` is + given as a string this is assumed to be a valid Python format specification + and is wrapped to a callable as ``string.format(x)``. If a ``dict`` is given, + keys should correspond to column names, and values should be string or + callable, as above. + + The default formatter currently expresses floats and complex numbers with the + pandas display precision unless using the ``precision`` argument here. The + default formatter does not adjust the representation of missing values unless + the ``na_rep`` argument is used. + + The ``subset`` argument defines which region to apply the formatting function + to. If the ``formatter`` argument is given in dict form but does not include + all columns within the subset then these columns will have the default formatter + applied. Any columns in the formatter dict excluded from the subset will + be ignored. + + When using a ``formatter`` string the dtypes must be compatible, otherwise a + `ValueError` will be raised. + + When instantiating a Styler, default formatting can be applied be setting the + ``pandas.options``: + + - ``styler.format.formatter``: default None. + - ``styler.format.na_rep``: default None. + - ``styler.format.precision``: default 6. + - ``styler.format.decimal``: default ".". + - ``styler.format.thousands``: default None. + - ``styler.format.escape``: default None. + + .. warning:: + `Styler.format` is ignored when using the output format `Styler.to_excel`, + since Excel and Python have inherrently different formatting structures. + However, it is possible to use the `number-format` pseudo CSS attribute + to force Excel permissible formatting. See examples. + + Examples + -------- + Using ``na_rep`` and ``precision`` with the default ``formatter`` + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[np.nan, 1.0, 'A'], [2.0, np.nan, 3.0]]) + >>> df.style.format(na_rep='MISS', precision=3) # doctest: +SKIP + 0 1 2 + 0 MISS 1.000 A + 1 2.000 MISS 3.000 + + Using a ``formatter`` specification on consistent column dtypes + + >>> df.style.format('{:.2f}', na_rep='MISS', subset=[0,1]) # doctest: +SKIP + 0 1 2 + 0 MISS 1.00 A + 1 2.00 MISS 3.000000 + + Using the default ``formatter`` for unspecified columns + + >>> df.style.format({0: '{:.2f}', 1: '£ {:.1f}'}, na_rep='MISS', precision=1) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + 0 1 2 + 0 MISS £ 1.0 A + 1 2.00 MISS 3.0 + + Multiple ``na_rep`` or ``precision`` specifications under the default + ``formatter``. + + >>> (df.style.format(na_rep='MISS', precision=1, subset=[0]) + ... .format(na_rep='PASS', precision=2, subset=[1, 2])) # doctest: +SKIP + 0 1 2 + 0 MISS 1.00 A + 1 2.0 PASS 3.00 + + Using a callable ``formatter`` function. + + >>> func = lambda s: 'STRING' if isinstance(s, str) else 'FLOAT' + >>> df.style.format({0: '{:.1f}', 2: func}, precision=4, na_rep='MISS') + ... # doctest: +SKIP + 0 1 2 + 0 MISS 1.0000 STRING + 1 2.0 MISS FLOAT + + Using a ``formatter`` with HTML ``escape`` and ``na_rep``. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([['
', '"A&B"', None]]) + >>> s = df.style.format( + ... '{0}', escape="html", na_rep="NA" + ... ) + >>> s.to_html() # doctest: +SKIP + ... + + + + ... + + Using a ``formatter`` with ``escape`` in 'latex' mode. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([["123"], ["~ ^"], ["$%#"]]) + >>> df.style.format("\\textbf{{{}}}", escape="latex").to_latex() + ... # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{ll} + & 0 \\ + 0 & \textbf{123} \\ + 1 & \textbf{\textasciitilde \space \textasciicircum } \\ + 2 & \textbf{\$\%\#} \\ + \end{tabular} + + Applying ``escape`` in 'latex-math' mode. In the example below + we enter math mode using the character ``$``. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[r"$\sum_{i=1}^{10} a_i$ a~b $\alpha \ + ... = \frac{\beta}{\zeta^2}$"], ["%#^ $ \$x^2 $"]]) + >>> df.style.format(escape="latex-math").to_latex() + ... # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{ll} + & 0 \\ + 0 & $\sum_{i=1}^{10} a_i$ a\textasciitilde b $\alpha = \frac{\beta}{\zeta^2}$ \\ + 1 & \%\#\textasciicircum \space $ \$x^2 $ \\ + \end{tabular} + + We can use the character ``\(`` to enter math mode and the character ``\)`` + to close math mode. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[r"\(\sum_{i=1}^{10} a_i\) a~b \(\alpha \ + ... = \frac{\beta}{\zeta^2}\)"], ["%#^ \( \$x^2 \)"]]) + >>> df.style.format(escape="latex-math").to_latex() + ... # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{ll} + & 0 \\ + 0 & \(\sum_{i=1}^{10} a_i\) a\textasciitilde b \(\alpha + = \frac{\beta}{\zeta^2}\) \\ + 1 & \%\#\textasciicircum \space \( \$x^2 \) \\ + \end{tabular} + + If we have in one DataFrame cell a combination of both shorthands + for math formulas, the shorthand with the sign ``$`` will be applied. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[r"\( x^2 \) $x^2$"], \ + ... [r"$\frac{\beta}{\zeta}$ \(\frac{\beta}{\zeta}\)"]]) + >>> df.style.format(escape="latex-math").to_latex() + ... # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{ll} + & 0 \\ + 0 & \textbackslash ( x\textasciicircum 2 \textbackslash ) $x^2$ \\ + 1 & $\frac{\beta}{\zeta}$ \textbackslash (\textbackslash + frac\{\textbackslash beta\}\{\textbackslash zeta\}\textbackslash ) \\ + \end{tabular} + + Pandas defines a `number-format` pseudo CSS attribute instead of the `.format` + method to create `to_excel` permissible formatting. Note that semi-colons are + CSS protected characters but used as separators in Excel's format string. + Replace semi-colons with the section separator character (ASCII-245) when + defining the formatting here. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"A": [1, 0, -1]}) + >>> pseudo_css = "number-format: 0§[Red](0)§-§@;" + >>> filename = "formatted_file.xlsx" + >>> df.style.map(lambda v: pseudo_css).to_excel(filename) # doctest: +SKIP + + .. figure:: ../../_static/style/format_excel_css.png + """ + if all( + ( + formatter is None, + subset is None, + precision is None, + decimal == ".", + thousands is None, + na_rep is None, + escape is None, + hyperlinks is None, + ) + ): + self._display_funcs.clear() + return self # clear the formatter / revert to default and avoid looping + + subset = slice(None) if subset is None else subset + subset = non_reducing_slice(subset) + data = self.data.loc[subset] + + if not isinstance(formatter, dict): + formatter = {col: formatter for col in data.columns} + + cis = self.columns.get_indexer_for(data.columns) + ris = self.index.get_indexer_for(data.index) + for ci in cis: + format_func = _maybe_wrap_formatter( + formatter.get(self.columns[ci]), + na_rep=na_rep, + precision=precision, + decimal=decimal, + thousands=thousands, + escape=escape, + hyperlinks=hyperlinks, + ) + for ri in ris: + self._display_funcs[(ri, ci)] = format_func + + return self + + def format_index( + self, + formatter: ExtFormatter | None = None, + axis: Axis = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + na_rep: str | None = None, + precision: int | None = None, + decimal: str = ".", + thousands: str | None = None, + escape: str | None = None, + hyperlinks: str | None = None, + ) -> StylerRenderer: + r""" + Format the text display value of index labels or column headers. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + formatter : str, callable, dict or None + Object to define how values are displayed. See notes. + axis : {0, "index", 1, "columns"} + Whether to apply the formatter to the index or column headers. + level : int, str, list + The level(s) over which to apply the generic formatter. + na_rep : str, optional + Representation for missing values. + If ``na_rep`` is None, no special formatting is applied. + precision : int, optional + Floating point precision to use for display purposes, if not determined by + the specified ``formatter``. + decimal : str, default "." + Character used as decimal separator for floats, complex and integers. + thousands : str, optional, default None + Character used as thousands separator for floats, complex and integers. + escape : str, optional + Use 'html' to replace the characters ``&``, ``<``, ``>``, ``'``, and ``"`` + in cell display string with HTML-safe sequences. + Use 'latex' to replace the characters ``&``, ``%``, ``$``, ``#``, ``_``, + ``{``, ``}``, ``~``, ``^``, and ``\`` in the cell display string with + LaTeX-safe sequences. + Escaping is done before ``formatter``. + hyperlinks : {"html", "latex"}, optional + Convert string patterns containing https://, http://, ftp:// or www. to + HTML tags as clickable URL hyperlinks if "html", or LaTeX \href + commands if "latex". + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.format: Format the text display value of data cells. + + Notes + ----- + This method assigns a formatting function, ``formatter``, to each level label + in the DataFrame's index or column headers. If ``formatter`` is ``None``, + then the default formatter is used. + If a callable then that function should take a label value as input and return + a displayable representation, such as a string. If ``formatter`` is + given as a string this is assumed to be a valid Python format specification + and is wrapped to a callable as ``string.format(x)``. If a ``dict`` is given, + keys should correspond to MultiIndex level numbers or names, and values should + be string or callable, as above. + + The default formatter currently expresses floats and complex numbers with the + pandas display precision unless using the ``precision`` argument here. The + default formatter does not adjust the representation of missing values unless + the ``na_rep`` argument is used. + + The ``level`` argument defines which levels of a MultiIndex to apply the + method to. If the ``formatter`` argument is given in dict form but does + not include all levels within the level argument then these unspecified levels + will have the default formatter applied. Any levels in the formatter dict + specifically excluded from the level argument will be ignored. + + When using a ``formatter`` string the dtypes must be compatible, otherwise a + `ValueError` will be raised. + + .. warning:: + `Styler.format_index` is ignored when using the output format + `Styler.to_excel`, since Excel and Python have inherrently different + formatting structures. + However, it is possible to use the `number-format` pseudo CSS attribute + to force Excel permissible formatting. See documentation for `Styler.format`. + + Examples + -------- + Using ``na_rep`` and ``precision`` with the default ``formatter`` + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], columns=[2.0, np.nan, 4.0]) + >>> df.style.format_index(axis=1, na_rep='MISS', precision=3) # doctest: +SKIP + 2.000 MISS 4.000 + 0 1 2 3 + + Using a ``formatter`` specification on consistent dtypes in a level + + >>> df.style.format_index('{:.2f}', axis=1, na_rep='MISS') # doctest: +SKIP + 2.00 MISS 4.00 + 0 1 2 3 + + Using the default ``formatter`` for unspecified levels + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], + ... columns=pd.MultiIndex.from_arrays([["a", "a", "b"],[2, np.nan, 4]])) + >>> df.style.format_index({0: lambda v: v.upper()}, axis=1, precision=1) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + A B + 2.0 nan 4.0 + 0 1 2 3 + + Using a callable ``formatter`` function. + + >>> func = lambda s: 'STRING' if isinstance(s, str) else 'FLOAT' + >>> df.style.format_index(func, axis=1, na_rep='MISS') + ... # doctest: +SKIP + STRING STRING + FLOAT MISS FLOAT + 0 1 2 3 + + Using a ``formatter`` with HTML ``escape`` and ``na_rep``. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], columns=['"A"', 'A&B', None]) + >>> s = df.style.format_index('$ {0}', axis=1, escape="html", na_rep="NA") + ... # doctest: +SKIP + + + or element. + """ + if "display_value" not in kwargs: + kwargs["display_value"] = value + return { + "type": html_element, + "value": value, + "class": html_class, + "is_visible": is_visible, + **kwargs, + } + + +def _get_trimming_maximums( + rn, + cn, + max_elements, + max_rows=None, + max_cols=None, + scaling_factor: float = 0.8, +) -> tuple[int, int]: + """ + Recursively reduce the number of rows and columns to satisfy max elements. + + Parameters + ---------- + rn, cn : int + The number of input rows / columns + max_elements : int + The number of allowable elements + max_rows, max_cols : int, optional + Directly specify an initial maximum rows or columns before compression. + scaling_factor : float + Factor at which to reduce the number of rows / columns to fit. + + Returns + ------- + rn, cn : tuple + New rn and cn values that satisfy the max_elements constraint + """ + + def scale_down(rn, cn): + if cn >= rn: + return rn, int(cn * scaling_factor) + else: + return int(rn * scaling_factor), cn + + if max_rows: + rn = max_rows if rn > max_rows else rn + if max_cols: + cn = max_cols if cn > max_cols else cn + + while rn * cn > max_elements: + rn, cn = scale_down(rn, cn) + + return rn, cn + + +def _get_level_lengths( + index: Index, + sparsify: bool, + max_index: int, + hidden_elements: Sequence[int] | None = None, +): + """ + Given an index, find the level length for each element. + + Parameters + ---------- + index : Index + Index or columns to determine lengths of each element + sparsify : bool + Whether to hide or show each distinct element in a MultiIndex + max_index : int + The maximum number of elements to analyse along the index due to trimming + hidden_elements : sequence of int + Index positions of elements hidden from display in the index affecting + length + + Returns + ------- + Dict : + Result is a dictionary of (level, initial_position): span + """ + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + levels = index._format_multi(sparsify=lib.no_default, include_names=False) + else: + levels = index._format_flat(include_name=False) + + if hidden_elements is None: + hidden_elements = [] + + lengths = {} + if not isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + for i, value in enumerate(levels): + if i not in hidden_elements: + lengths[(0, i)] = 1 + return lengths + + for i, lvl in enumerate(levels): + visible_row_count = 0 # used to break loop due to display trimming + for j, row in enumerate(lvl): + if visible_row_count > max_index: + break + if not sparsify: + # then lengths will always equal 1 since no aggregation. + if j not in hidden_elements: + lengths[(i, j)] = 1 + visible_row_count += 1 + elif (row is not lib.no_default) and (j not in hidden_elements): + # this element has not been sparsified so must be the start of section + last_label = j + lengths[(i, last_label)] = 1 + visible_row_count += 1 + elif row is not lib.no_default: + # even if the above is hidden, keep track of it in case length > 1 and + # later elements are visible + last_label = j + lengths[(i, last_label)] = 0 + elif j not in hidden_elements: + # then element must be part of sparsified section and is visible + visible_row_count += 1 + if visible_row_count > max_index: + break # do not add a length since the render trim limit reached + if lengths[(i, last_label)] == 0: + # if previous iteration was first-of-section but hidden then offset + last_label = j + lengths[(i, last_label)] = 1 + else: + # else add to previous iteration + lengths[(i, last_label)] += 1 + + non_zero_lengths = { + element: length for element, length in lengths.items() if length >= 1 + } + + return non_zero_lengths + + +def _is_visible(idx_row, idx_col, lengths) -> bool: + """ + Index -> {(idx_row, idx_col): bool}). + """ + return (idx_col, idx_row) in lengths + + +def format_table_styles(styles: CSSStyles) -> CSSStyles: + """ + looks for multiple CSS selectors and separates them: + [{'selector': 'td, th', 'props': 'a:v;'}] + ---> [{'selector': 'td', 'props': 'a:v;'}, + {'selector': 'th', 'props': 'a:v;'}] + """ + return [ + {"selector": selector, "props": css_dict["props"]} + for css_dict in styles + for selector in css_dict["selector"].split(",") + ] + + +def _default_formatter(x: Any, precision: int, thousands: bool = False) -> Any: + """ + Format the display of a value + + Parameters + ---------- + x : Any + Input variable to be formatted + precision : Int + Floating point precision used if ``x`` is float or complex. + thousands : bool, default False + Whether to group digits with thousands separated with ",". + + Returns + ------- + value : Any + Matches input type, or string if input is float or complex or int with sep. + """ + if is_float(x) or is_complex(x): + return f"{x:,.{precision}f}" if thousands else f"{x:.{precision}f}" + elif is_integer(x): + return f"{x:,}" if thousands else str(x) + return x + + +def _wrap_decimal_thousands( + formatter: Callable, decimal: str, thousands: str | None +) -> Callable: + """ + Takes a string formatting function and wraps logic to deal with thousands and + decimal parameters, in the case that they are non-standard and that the input + is a (float, complex, int). + """ + + def wrapper(x): + if is_float(x) or is_integer(x) or is_complex(x): + if decimal != "." and thousands is not None and thousands != ",": + return ( + formatter(x) + .replace(",", "§_§-") # rare string to avoid "," <-> "." clash. + .replace(".", decimal) + .replace("§_§-", thousands) + ) + elif decimal != "." and (thousands is None or thousands == ","): + return formatter(x).replace(".", decimal) + elif decimal == "." and thousands is not None and thousands != ",": + return formatter(x).replace(",", thousands) + return formatter(x) + + return wrapper + + +def _str_escape(x, escape): + """if escaping: only use on str, else return input""" + if isinstance(x, str): + if escape == "html": + return escape_html(x) + elif escape == "latex": + return _escape_latex(x) + elif escape == "latex-math": + return _escape_latex_math(x) + else: + raise ValueError( + f"`escape` only permitted in {{'html', 'latex', 'latex-math'}}, \ +got {escape}" + ) + return x + + +def _render_href(x, format): + """uses regex to detect a common URL pattern and converts to href tag in format.""" + if isinstance(x, str): + if format == "html": + href = '{0}' + elif format == "latex": + href = r"\href{{{0}}}{{{0}}}" + else: + raise ValueError("``hyperlinks`` format can only be 'html' or 'latex'") + pat = r"((http|ftp)s?:\/\/|www.)[\w/\-?=%.:@]+\.[\w/\-&?=%.,':;~!@#$*()\[\]]+" + return re.sub(pat, lambda m: href.format(m.group(0)), x) + return x + + +def _maybe_wrap_formatter( + formatter: BaseFormatter | None = None, + na_rep: str | None = None, + precision: int | None = None, + decimal: str = ".", + thousands: str | None = None, + escape: str | None = None, + hyperlinks: str | None = None, +) -> Callable: + """ + Allows formatters to be expressed as str, callable or None, where None returns + a default formatting function. wraps with na_rep, and precision where they are + available. + """ + # Get initial func from input string, input callable, or from default factory + if isinstance(formatter, str): + func_0 = lambda x: formatter.format(x) + elif callable(formatter): + func_0 = formatter + elif formatter is None: + precision = ( + get_option("styler.format.precision") if precision is None else precision + ) + func_0 = partial( + _default_formatter, precision=precision, thousands=(thousands is not None) + ) + else: + raise TypeError(f"'formatter' expected str or callable, got {type(formatter)}") + + # Replace chars if escaping + if escape is not None: + func_1 = lambda x: func_0(_str_escape(x, escape=escape)) + else: + func_1 = func_0 + + # Replace decimals and thousands if non-standard inputs detected + if decimal != "." or (thousands is not None and thousands != ","): + func_2 = _wrap_decimal_thousands(func_1, decimal=decimal, thousands=thousands) + else: + func_2 = func_1 + + # Render links + if hyperlinks is not None: + func_3 = lambda x: func_2(_render_href(x, format=hyperlinks)) + else: + func_3 = func_2 + + # Replace missing values if na_rep + if na_rep is None: + return func_3 + else: + return lambda x: na_rep if (isna(x) is True) else func_3(x) + + +def non_reducing_slice(slice_: Subset): + """ + Ensure that a slice doesn't reduce to a Series or Scalar. + + Any user-passed `subset` should have this called on it + to make sure we're always working with DataFrames. + """ + # default to column slice, like DataFrame + # ['A', 'B'] -> IndexSlices[:, ['A', 'B']] + kinds = (ABCSeries, np.ndarray, Index, list, str) + if isinstance(slice_, kinds): + slice_ = IndexSlice[:, slice_] + + def pred(part) -> bool: + """ + Returns + ------- + bool + True if slice does *not* reduce, + False if `part` is a tuple. + """ + # true when slice does *not* reduce, False when part is a tuple, + # i.e. MultiIndex slice + if isinstance(part, tuple): + # GH#39421 check for sub-slice: + return any((isinstance(s, slice) or is_list_like(s)) for s in part) + else: + return isinstance(part, slice) or is_list_like(part) + + if not is_list_like(slice_): + if not isinstance(slice_, slice): + # a 1-d slice, like df.loc[1] + slice_ = [[slice_]] + else: + # slice(a, b, c) + slice_ = [slice_] # to tuplize later + else: + # error: Item "slice" of "Union[slice, Sequence[Any]]" has no attribute + # "__iter__" (not iterable) -> is specifically list_like in conditional + slice_ = [p if pred(p) else [p] for p in slice_] # type: ignore[union-attr] + return tuple(slice_) + + +def maybe_convert_css_to_tuples(style: CSSProperties) -> CSSList: + """ + Convert css-string to sequence of tuples format if needed. + 'color:red; border:1px solid black;' -> [('color', 'red'), + ('border','1px solid red')] + """ + if isinstance(style, str): + s = style.split(";") + try: + return [ + (x.split(":")[0].strip(), x.split(":")[1].strip()) + for x in s + if x.strip() != "" + ] + except IndexError: + raise ValueError( + "Styles supplied as string must follow CSS rule formats, " + f"for example 'attr: val;'. '{style}' was given." + ) + return style + + +def refactor_levels( + level: Level | list[Level] | None, + obj: Index, +) -> list[int]: + """ + Returns a consistent levels arg for use in ``hide_index`` or ``hide_columns``. + + Parameters + ---------- + level : int, str, list + Original ``level`` arg supplied to above methods. + obj: + Either ``self.index`` or ``self.columns`` + + Returns + ------- + list : refactored arg with a list of levels to hide + """ + if level is None: + levels_: list[int] = list(range(obj.nlevels)) + elif isinstance(level, int): + levels_ = [level] + elif isinstance(level, str): + levels_ = [obj._get_level_number(level)] + elif isinstance(level, list): + levels_ = [ + obj._get_level_number(lev) if not isinstance(lev, int) else lev + for lev in level + ] + else: + raise ValueError("`level` must be of type `int`, `str` or list of such") + return levels_ + + +class Tooltips: + """ + An extension to ``Styler`` that allows for and manipulates tooltips on hover + of ``
<div></div>"A&B"NA$ "A"$ A&BNA + ... + + Using a ``formatter`` with LaTeX ``escape``. + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2, 3]], columns=["123", "~", "$%#"]) + >>> df.style.format_index("\\textbf{{{}}}", escape="latex", axis=1).to_latex() + ... # doctest: +SKIP + \begin{tabular}{lrrr} + {} & {\textbf{123}} & {\textbf{\textasciitilde }} & {\textbf{\$\%\#}} \\ + 0 & 1 & 2 & 3 \\ + \end{tabular} + """ + axis = self.data._get_axis_number(axis) + if axis == 0: + display_funcs_, obj = self._display_funcs_index, self.index + else: + display_funcs_, obj = self._display_funcs_columns, self.columns + levels_ = refactor_levels(level, obj) + + if all( + ( + formatter is None, + level is None, + precision is None, + decimal == ".", + thousands is None, + na_rep is None, + escape is None, + hyperlinks is None, + ) + ): + display_funcs_.clear() + return self # clear the formatter / revert to default and avoid looping + + if not isinstance(formatter, dict): + formatter = {level: formatter for level in levels_} + else: + formatter = { + obj._get_level_number(level): formatter_ + for level, formatter_ in formatter.items() + } + + for lvl in levels_: + format_func = _maybe_wrap_formatter( + formatter.get(lvl), + na_rep=na_rep, + precision=precision, + decimal=decimal, + thousands=thousands, + escape=escape, + hyperlinks=hyperlinks, + ) + + for idx in [(i, lvl) if axis == 0 else (lvl, i) for i in range(len(obj))]: + display_funcs_[idx] = format_func + + return self + + def relabel_index( + self, + labels: Sequence | Index, + axis: Axis = 0, + level: Level | list[Level] | None = None, + ) -> StylerRenderer: + r""" + Relabel the index, or column header, keys to display a set of specified values. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + labels : list-like or Index + New labels to display. Must have same length as the underlying values not + hidden. + axis : {"index", 0, "columns", 1} + Apply to the index or columns. + level : int, str, list, optional + The level(s) over which to apply the new labels. If `None` will apply + to all levels of an Index or MultiIndex which are not hidden. + + Returns + ------- + Styler + + See Also + -------- + Styler.format_index: Format the text display value of index or column headers. + Styler.hide: Hide the index, column headers, or specified data from display. + + Notes + ----- + As part of Styler, this method allows the display of an index to be + completely user-specified without affecting the underlying DataFrame data, + index, or column headers. This means that the flexibility of indexing is + maintained whilst the final display is customisable. + + Since Styler is designed to be progressively constructed with method chaining, + this method is adapted to react to the **currently specified hidden elements**. + This is useful because it means one does not have to specify all the new + labels if the majority of an index, or column headers, have already been hidden. + The following produce equivalent display (note the length of ``labels`` in + each case). + + .. code-block:: python + + # relabel first, then hide + df = pd.DataFrame({"col": ["a", "b", "c"]}) + df.style.relabel_index(["A", "B", "C"]).hide([0,1]) + # hide first, then relabel + df = pd.DataFrame({"col": ["a", "b", "c"]}) + df.style.hide([0,1]).relabel_index(["C"]) + + This method should be used, rather than :meth:`Styler.format_index`, in one of + the following cases (see examples): + + - A specified set of labels are required which are not a function of the + underlying index keys. + - The function of the underlying index keys requires a counter variable, + such as those available upon enumeration. + + Examples + -------- + Basic use + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"col": ["a", "b", "c"]}) + >>> df.style.relabel_index(["A", "B", "C"]) # doctest: +SKIP + col + A a + B b + C c + + Chaining with pre-hidden elements + + >>> df.style.hide([0,1]).relabel_index(["C"]) # doctest: +SKIP + col + C c + + Using a MultiIndex + + >>> midx = pd.MultiIndex.from_product([[0, 1], [0, 1], [0, 1]]) + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"col": list(range(8))}, index=midx) + >>> styler = df.style # doctest: +SKIP + col + 0 0 0 0 + 1 1 + 1 0 2 + 1 3 + 1 0 0 4 + 1 5 + 1 0 6 + 1 7 + >>> styler.hide((midx.get_level_values(0)==0)|(midx.get_level_values(1)==0)) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + >>> styler.hide(level=[0,1]) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> styler.relabel_index(["binary6", "binary7"]) # doctest: +SKIP + col + binary6 6 + binary7 7 + + We can also achieve the above by indexing first and then re-labeling + + >>> styler = df.loc[[(1,1,0), (1,1,1)]].style + >>> styler.hide(level=[0,1]).relabel_index(["binary6", "binary7"]) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + col + binary6 6 + binary7 7 + + Defining a formatting function which uses an enumeration counter. Also note + that the value of the index key is passed in the case of string labels so it + can also be inserted into the label, using curly brackets (or double curly + brackets if the string if pre-formatted), + + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"samples": np.random.rand(10)}) + >>> styler = df.loc[np.random.randint(0,10,3)].style + >>> styler.relabel_index([f"sample{i+1} ({{}})" for i in range(3)]) + ... # doctest: +SKIP + samples + sample1 (5) 0.315811 + sample2 (0) 0.495941 + sample3 (2) 0.067946 + """ + axis = self.data._get_axis_number(axis) + if axis == 0: + display_funcs_, obj = self._display_funcs_index, self.index + hidden_labels, hidden_lvls = self.hidden_rows, self.hide_index_ + else: + display_funcs_, obj = self._display_funcs_columns, self.columns + hidden_labels, hidden_lvls = self.hidden_columns, self.hide_columns_ + visible_len = len(obj) - len(set(hidden_labels)) + if len(labels) != visible_len: + raise ValueError( + "``labels`` must be of length equal to the number of " + f"visible labels along ``axis`` ({visible_len})." + ) + + if level is None: + level = [i for i in range(obj.nlevels) if not hidden_lvls[i]] + levels_ = refactor_levels(level, obj) + + def alias_(x, value): + if isinstance(value, str): + return value.format(x) + return value + + for ai, i in enumerate([i for i in range(len(obj)) if i not in hidden_labels]): + if len(levels_) == 1: + idx = (i, levels_[0]) if axis == 0 else (levels_[0], i) + display_funcs_[idx] = partial(alias_, value=labels[ai]) + else: + for aj, lvl in enumerate(levels_): + idx = (i, lvl) if axis == 0 else (lvl, i) + display_funcs_[idx] = partial(alias_, value=labels[ai][aj]) + + return self + + +def _element( + html_element: str, + html_class: str | None, + value: Any, + is_visible: bool, + **kwargs, +) -> dict: + """ + Template to return container with information for a `` cells in the HTML result. + + Parameters + ---------- + css_name: str, default "pd-t" + Name of the CSS class that controls visualisation of tooltips. + css_props: list-like, default; see Notes + List of (attr, value) tuples defining properties of the CSS class. + tooltips: DataFrame, default empty + DataFrame of strings aligned with underlying Styler data for tooltip + display. + + Notes + ----- + The default properties for the tooltip CSS class are: + + - visibility: hidden + - position: absolute + - z-index: 1 + - background-color: black + - color: white + - transform: translate(-20px, -20px) + + Hidden visibility is a key prerequisite to the hover functionality, and should + always be included in any manual properties specification. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + css_props: CSSProperties = [ + ("visibility", "hidden"), + ("position", "absolute"), + ("z-index", 1), + ("background-color", "black"), + ("color", "white"), + ("transform", "translate(-20px, -20px)"), + ], + css_name: str = "pd-t", + tooltips: DataFrame = DataFrame(), + ) -> None: + self.class_name = css_name + self.class_properties = css_props + self.tt_data = tooltips + self.table_styles: CSSStyles = [] + + @property + def _class_styles(self): + """ + Combine the ``_Tooltips`` CSS class name and CSS properties to the format + required to extend the underlying ``Styler`` `table_styles` to allow + tooltips to render in HTML. + + Returns + ------- + styles : List + """ + return [ + { + "selector": f".{self.class_name}", + "props": maybe_convert_css_to_tuples(self.class_properties), + } + ] + + def _pseudo_css(self, uuid: str, name: str, row: int, col: int, text: str): + """ + For every table data-cell that has a valid tooltip (not None, NaN or + empty string) must create two pseudo CSS entries for the specific + element id which are added to overall table styles: + an on hover visibility change and a content change + dependent upon the user's chosen display string. + + For example: + [{"selector": "T__row1_col1:hover .pd-t", + "props": [("visibility", "visible")]}, + {"selector": "T__row1_col1 .pd-t::after", + "props": [("content", "Some Valid Text String")]}] + + Parameters + ---------- + uuid: str + The uuid of the Styler instance + name: str + The css-name of the class used for styling tooltips + row : int + The row index of the specified tooltip string data + col : int + The col index of the specified tooltip string data + text : str + The textual content of the tooltip to be displayed in HTML. + + Returns + ------- + pseudo_css : List + """ + selector_id = "#T_" + uuid + "_row" + str(row) + "_col" + str(col) + return [ + { + "selector": selector_id + f":hover .{name}", + "props": [("visibility", "visible")], + }, + { + "selector": selector_id + f" .{name}::after", + "props": [("content", f'"{text}"')], + }, + ] + + def _translate(self, styler: StylerRenderer, d: dict): + """ + Mutate the render dictionary to allow for tooltips: + + - Add ```` HTML element to each data cells ``display_value``. Ignores + headers. + - Add table level CSS styles to control pseudo classes. + + Parameters + ---------- + styler_data : DataFrame + Underlying ``Styler`` DataFrame used for reindexing. + uuid : str + The underlying ``Styler`` uuid for CSS id. + d : dict + The dictionary prior to final render + + Returns + ------- + render_dict : Dict + """ + self.tt_data = self.tt_data.reindex_like(styler.data) + if self.tt_data.empty: + return d + + name = self.class_name + mask = (self.tt_data.isna()) | (self.tt_data.eq("")) # empty string = no ttip + self.table_styles = [ + style + for sublist in [ + self._pseudo_css(styler.uuid, name, i, j, str(self.tt_data.iloc[i, j])) + for i in range(len(self.tt_data.index)) + for j in range(len(self.tt_data.columns)) + if not ( + mask.iloc[i, j] + or i in styler.hidden_rows + or j in styler.hidden_columns + ) + ] + for style in sublist + ] + + if self.table_styles: + # add span class to every cell only if at least 1 non-empty tooltip + for row in d["body"]: + for item in row: + if item["type"] == "td": + item["display_value"] = ( + str(item["display_value"]) + + f'' + ) + d["table_styles"].extend(self._class_styles) + d["table_styles"].extend(self.table_styles) + + return d + + +def _parse_latex_table_wrapping(table_styles: CSSStyles, caption: str | None) -> bool: + """ + Indicate whether LaTeX {tabular} should be wrapped with a {table} environment. + + Parses the `table_styles` and detects any selectors which must be included outside + of {tabular}, i.e. indicating that wrapping must occur, and therefore return True, + or if a caption exists and requires similar. + """ + IGNORED_WRAPPERS = ["toprule", "midrule", "bottomrule", "column_format"] + # ignored selectors are included with {tabular} so do not need wrapping + return ( + table_styles is not None + and any(d["selector"] not in IGNORED_WRAPPERS for d in table_styles) + ) or caption is not None + + +def _parse_latex_table_styles(table_styles: CSSStyles, selector: str) -> str | None: + """ + Return the first 'props' 'value' from ``tables_styles`` identified by ``selector``. + + Examples + -------- + >>> table_styles = [{'selector': 'foo', 'props': [('attr','value')]}, + ... {'selector': 'bar', 'props': [('attr', 'overwritten')]}, + ... {'selector': 'bar', 'props': [('a1', 'baz'), ('a2', 'ignore')]}] + >>> _parse_latex_table_styles(table_styles, selector='bar') + 'baz' + + Notes + ----- + The replacement of "§" with ":" is to avoid the CSS problem where ":" has structural + significance and cannot be used in LaTeX labels, but is often required by them. + """ + for style in table_styles[::-1]: # in reverse for most recently applied style + if style["selector"] == selector: + return str(style["props"][0][1]).replace("§", ":") + return None + + +def _parse_latex_cell_styles( + latex_styles: CSSList, display_value: str, convert_css: bool = False +) -> str: + r""" + Mutate the ``display_value`` string including LaTeX commands from ``latex_styles``. + + This method builds a recursive latex chain of commands based on the + CSSList input, nested around ``display_value``. + + If a CSS style is given as ('', '') this is translated to + '\{display_value}', and this value is treated as the + display value for the next iteration. + + The most recent style forms the inner component, for example for styles: + `[('c1', 'o1'), ('c2', 'o2')]` this returns: `\c1o1{\c2o2{display_value}}` + + Sometimes latex commands have to be wrapped with curly braces in different ways: + We create some parsing flags to identify the different behaviours: + + - `--rwrap` : `\{}` + - `--wrap` : `{\ }` + - `--nowrap` : `\ ` + - `--lwrap` : `{\} ` + - `--dwrap` : `{\}{}` + + For example for styles: + `[('c1', 'o1--wrap'), ('c2', 'o2')]` this returns: `{\c1o1 \c2o2{display_value}} + """ + if convert_css: + latex_styles = _parse_latex_css_conversion(latex_styles) + for command, options in latex_styles[::-1]: # in reverse for most recent style + formatter = { + "--wrap": f"{{\\{command}--to_parse {display_value}}}", + "--nowrap": f"\\{command}--to_parse {display_value}", + "--lwrap": f"{{\\{command}--to_parse}} {display_value}", + "--rwrap": f"\\{command}--to_parse{{{display_value}}}", + "--dwrap": f"{{\\{command}--to_parse}}{{{display_value}}}", + } + display_value = f"\\{command}{options} {display_value}" + for arg in ["--nowrap", "--wrap", "--lwrap", "--rwrap", "--dwrap"]: + if arg in str(options): + display_value = formatter[arg].replace( + "--to_parse", _parse_latex_options_strip(value=options, arg=arg) + ) + break # only ever one purposeful entry + return display_value + + +def _parse_latex_header_span( + cell: dict[str, Any], + multirow_align: str, + multicol_align: str, + wrap: bool = False, + convert_css: bool = False, +) -> str: + r""" + Refactor the cell `display_value` if a 'colspan' or 'rowspan' attribute is present. + + 'rowspan' and 'colspan' do not occur simultaneouly. If they are detected then + the `display_value` is altered to a LaTeX `multirow` or `multicol` command + respectively, with the appropriate cell-span. + + ``wrap`` is used to enclose the `display_value` in braces which is needed for + column headers using an siunitx package. + + Requires the package {multirow}, whereas multicol support is usually built in + to the {tabular} environment. + + Examples + -------- + >>> cell = {'cellstyle': '', 'display_value':'text', 'attributes': 'colspan="3"'} + >>> _parse_latex_header_span(cell, 't', 'c') + '\\multicolumn{3}{c}{text}' + """ + display_val = _parse_latex_cell_styles( + cell["cellstyle"], cell["display_value"], convert_css + ) + if "attributes" in cell: + attrs = cell["attributes"] + if 'colspan="' in attrs: + colspan = attrs[attrs.find('colspan="') + 9 :] # len('colspan="') = 9 + colspan = int(colspan[: colspan.find('"')]) + if "naive-l" == multicol_align: + out = f"{{{display_val}}}" if wrap else f"{display_val}" + blanks = " & {}" if wrap else " &" + return out + blanks * (colspan - 1) + elif "naive-r" == multicol_align: + out = f"{{{display_val}}}" if wrap else f"{display_val}" + blanks = "{} & " if wrap else "& " + return blanks * (colspan - 1) + out + return f"\\multicolumn{{{colspan}}}{{{multicol_align}}}{{{display_val}}}" + elif 'rowspan="' in attrs: + if multirow_align == "naive": + return display_val + rowspan = attrs[attrs.find('rowspan="') + 9 :] + rowspan = int(rowspan[: rowspan.find('"')]) + return f"\\multirow[{multirow_align}]{{{rowspan}}}{{*}}{{{display_val}}}" + if wrap: + return f"{{{display_val}}}" + else: + return display_val + + +def _parse_latex_options_strip(value: str | float, arg: str) -> str: + """ + Strip a css_value which may have latex wrapping arguments, css comment identifiers, + and whitespaces, to a valid string for latex options parsing. + + For example: 'red /* --wrap */ ' --> 'red' + """ + return str(value).replace(arg, "").replace("/*", "").replace("*/", "").strip() + + +def _parse_latex_css_conversion(styles: CSSList) -> CSSList: + """ + Convert CSS (attribute,value) pairs to equivalent LaTeX (command,options) pairs. + + Ignore conversion if tagged with `--latex` option, skipped if no conversion found. + """ + + def font_weight(value, arg): + if value in ("bold", "bolder"): + return "bfseries", f"{arg}" + return None + + def font_style(value, arg): + if value == "italic": + return "itshape", f"{arg}" + if value == "oblique": + return "slshape", f"{arg}" + return None + + def color(value, user_arg, command, comm_arg): + """ + CSS colors have 5 formats to process: + + - 6 digit hex code: "#ff23ee" --> [HTML]{FF23EE} + - 3 digit hex code: "#f0e" --> [HTML]{FF00EE} + - rgba: rgba(128, 255, 0, 0.5) --> [rgb]{0.502, 1.000, 0.000} + - rgb: rgb(128, 255, 0,) --> [rbg]{0.502, 1.000, 0.000} + - string: red --> {red} + + Additionally rgb or rgba can be expressed in % which is also parsed. + """ + arg = user_arg if user_arg != "" else comm_arg + + if value[0] == "#" and len(value) == 7: # color is hex code + return command, f"[HTML]{{{value[1:].upper()}}}{arg}" + if value[0] == "#" and len(value) == 4: # color is short hex code + val = f"{value[1].upper()*2}{value[2].upper()*2}{value[3].upper()*2}" + return command, f"[HTML]{{{val}}}{arg}" + elif value[:3] == "rgb": # color is rgb or rgba + r = re.findall("(?<=\\()[0-9\\s%]+(?=,)", value)[0].strip() + r = float(r[:-1]) / 100 if "%" in r else int(r) / 255 + g = re.findall("(?<=,)[0-9\\s%]+(?=,)", value)[0].strip() + g = float(g[:-1]) / 100 if "%" in g else int(g) / 255 + if value[3] == "a": # color is rgba + b = re.findall("(?<=,)[0-9\\s%]+(?=,)", value)[1].strip() + else: # color is rgb + b = re.findall("(?<=,)[0-9\\s%]+(?=\\))", value)[0].strip() + b = float(b[:-1]) / 100 if "%" in b else int(b) / 255 + return command, f"[rgb]{{{r:.3f}, {g:.3f}, {b:.3f}}}{arg}" + else: + return command, f"{{{value}}}{arg}" # color is likely string-named + + CONVERTED_ATTRIBUTES: dict[str, Callable] = { + "font-weight": font_weight, + "background-color": partial(color, command="cellcolor", comm_arg="--lwrap"), + "color": partial(color, command="color", comm_arg=""), + "font-style": font_style, + } + + latex_styles: CSSList = [] + for attribute, value in styles: + if isinstance(value, str) and "--latex" in value: + # return the style without conversion but drop '--latex' + latex_styles.append((attribute, value.replace("--latex", ""))) + if attribute in CONVERTED_ATTRIBUTES: + arg = "" + for x in ["--wrap", "--nowrap", "--lwrap", "--dwrap", "--rwrap"]: + if x in str(value): + arg, value = x, _parse_latex_options_strip(value, x) + break + latex_style = CONVERTED_ATTRIBUTES[attribute](value, arg) + if latex_style is not None: + latex_styles.extend([latex_style]) + return latex_styles + + +def _escape_latex(s: str) -> str: + r""" + Replace the characters ``&``, ``%``, ``$``, ``#``, ``_``, ``{``, ``}``, + ``~``, ``^``, and ``\`` in the string with LaTeX-safe sequences. + + Use this if you need to display text that might contain such characters in LaTeX. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : str + Input to be escaped + + Return + ------ + str : + Escaped string + """ + return ( + s.replace("\\", "ab2§=§8yz") # rare string for final conversion: avoid \\ clash + .replace("ab2§=§8yz ", "ab2§=§8yz\\space ") # since \backslash gobbles spaces + .replace("&", "\\&") + .replace("%", "\\%") + .replace("$", "\\$") + .replace("#", "\\#") + .replace("_", "\\_") + .replace("{", "\\{") + .replace("}", "\\}") + .replace("~ ", "~\\space ") # since \textasciitilde gobbles spaces + .replace("~", "\\textasciitilde ") + .replace("^ ", "^\\space ") # since \textasciicircum gobbles spaces + .replace("^", "\\textasciicircum ") + .replace("ab2§=§8yz", "\\textbackslash ") + ) + + +def _math_mode_with_dollar(s: str) -> str: + r""" + All characters in LaTeX math mode are preserved. + + The substrings in LaTeX math mode, which start with + the character ``$`` and end with ``$``, are preserved + without escaping. Otherwise regular LaTeX escaping applies. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : str + Input to be escaped + + Return + ------ + str : + Escaped string + """ + s = s.replace(r"\$", r"rt8§=§7wz") + pattern = re.compile(r"\$.*?\$") + pos = 0 + ps = pattern.search(s, pos) + res = [] + while ps: + res.append(_escape_latex(s[pos : ps.span()[0]])) + res.append(ps.group()) + pos = ps.span()[1] + ps = pattern.search(s, pos) + + res.append(_escape_latex(s[pos : len(s)])) + return "".join(res).replace(r"rt8§=§7wz", r"\$") + + +def _math_mode_with_parentheses(s: str) -> str: + r""" + All characters in LaTeX math mode are preserved. + + The substrings in LaTeX math mode, which start with + the character ``\(`` and end with ``\)``, are preserved + without escaping. Otherwise regular LaTeX escaping applies. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : str + Input to be escaped + + Return + ------ + str : + Escaped string + """ + s = s.replace(r"\(", r"LEFT§=§6yzLEFT").replace(r"\)", r"RIGHTab5§=§RIGHT") + res = [] + for item in re.split(r"LEFT§=§6yz|ab5§=§RIGHT", s): + if item.startswith("LEFT") and item.endswith("RIGHT"): + res.append(item.replace("LEFT", r"\(").replace("RIGHT", r"\)")) + elif "LEFT" in item and "RIGHT" in item: + res.append( + _escape_latex(item).replace("LEFT", r"\(").replace("RIGHT", r"\)") + ) + else: + res.append( + _escape_latex(item) + .replace("LEFT", r"\textbackslash (") + .replace("RIGHT", r"\textbackslash )") + ) + return "".join(res) + + +def _escape_latex_math(s: str) -> str: + r""" + All characters in LaTeX math mode are preserved. + + The substrings in LaTeX math mode, which either are surrounded + by two characters ``$`` or start with the character ``\(`` and end with ``\)``, + are preserved without escaping. Otherwise regular LaTeX escaping applies. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : str + Input to be escaped + + Return + ------ + str : + Escaped string + """ + s = s.replace(r"\$", r"rt8§=§7wz") + ps_d = re.compile(r"\$.*?\$").search(s, 0) + ps_p = re.compile(r"\(.*?\)").search(s, 0) + mode = [] + if ps_d: + mode.append(ps_d.span()[0]) + if ps_p: + mode.append(ps_p.span()[0]) + if len(mode) == 0: + return _escape_latex(s.replace(r"rt8§=§7wz", r"\$")) + if s[mode[0]] == r"$": + return _math_mode_with_dollar(s.replace(r"rt8§=§7wz", r"\$")) + if s[mode[0] - 1 : mode[0] + 1] == r"\(": + return _math_mode_with_parentheses(s.replace(r"rt8§=§7wz", r"\$")) + else: + return _escape_latex(s.replace(r"rt8§=§7wz", r"\$")) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..8c63be3ad788a8abddf3588b2b9dd6d6126f5df3 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,16 @@ +{# Update the html_style/table_structure.html documentation too #} +{% if doctype_html %} + + + + +{% if not exclude_styles %}{% include html_style_tpl %}{% endif %} + + +{% include html_table_tpl %} + + +{% elif not doctype_html %} +{% if not exclude_styles %}{% include html_style_tpl %}{% endif %} +{% include html_table_tpl %} +{% endif %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_style.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_style.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..5c3fcd97f51bbec263399922579420dfa9ceef9c --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_style.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,26 @@ +{%- block before_style -%}{%- endblock before_style -%} +{% block style %} + +{% endblock style %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_table.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_table.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..17118d2bb21ccd185780d44c83a5242b12bd2a0d --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/html_table.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,63 @@ +{% block before_table %}{% endblock before_table %} +{% block table %} +{% if exclude_styles %} + +{% else %} +
+{% endif %} +{% block caption %} +{% if caption and caption is string %} + +{% elif caption and caption is sequence %} + +{% endif %} +{% endblock caption %} +{% block thead %} + +{% block before_head_rows %}{% endblock %} +{% for r in head %} +{% block head_tr scoped %} + +{% if exclude_styles %} +{% for c in r %} +{% if c.is_visible != False %} + <{{c.type}} {{c.attributes}}>{{c.display_value}} +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +{% else %} +{% for c in r %} +{% if c.is_visible != False %} + <{{c.type}} {%- if c.id is defined %} id="T_{{uuid}}_{{c.id}}" {%- endif %} class="{{c.class}}" {{c.attributes}}>{{c.display_value}} +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +{% endif %} + +{% endblock head_tr %} +{% endfor %} +{% block after_head_rows %}{% endblock %} + +{% endblock thead %} +{% block tbody %} + +{% block before_rows %}{% endblock before_rows %} +{% for r in body %} +{% block tr scoped %} + +{% if exclude_styles %} +{% for c in r %}{% if c.is_visible != False %} + <{{c.type}} {{c.attributes}}>{{c.display_value}} +{% endif %}{% endfor %} +{% else %} +{% for c in r %}{% if c.is_visible != False %} + <{{c.type}} {%- if c.id is defined %} id="T_{{uuid}}_{{c.id}}" {%- endif %} class="{{c.class}}" {{c.attributes}}>{{c.display_value}} +{% endif %}{% endfor %} +{% endif %} + +{% endblock tr %} +{% endfor %} +{% block after_rows %}{% endblock after_rows %} + +{% endblock tbody %} +
{{caption}}{{caption[0]}}
+{% endblock table %} +{% block after_table %}{% endblock after_table %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ae341bbc29823489d9d15e354fae0ce2e10a046d --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +{% if environment == "longtable" %} +{% include "latex_longtable.tpl" %} +{% else %} +{% include "latex_table.tpl" %} +{% endif %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_longtable.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_longtable.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b97843eeb918da1b12f6f2edd585c8e42d6b7bb5 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_longtable.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,82 @@ +\begin{longtable} +{%- set position = parse_table(table_styles, 'position') %} +{%- if position is not none %} +[{{position}}] +{%- endif %} +{%- set column_format = parse_table(table_styles, 'column_format') %} +{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{column_format}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} + +{% for style in table_styles %} +{% if style['selector'] not in ['position', 'position_float', 'caption', 'toprule', 'midrule', 'bottomrule', 'column_format', 'label'] %} +\{{style['selector']}}{{parse_table(table_styles, style['selector'])}} +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +{% if caption and caption is string %} +\caption{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} +{%- set label = parse_table(table_styles, 'label') %} +{%- if label is not none %} + \label{{label}} +{%- endif %} \\ +{% elif caption and caption is sequence %} +\caption[{{caption[1]}}]{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption[0]}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} +{%- set label = parse_table(table_styles, 'label') %} +{%- if label is not none %} + \label{{label}} +{%- endif %} \\ +{% else %} +{%- set label = parse_table(table_styles, 'label') %} +{%- if label is not none %} +\label{{label}} \\ +{% endif %} +{% endif %} +{% set toprule = parse_table(table_styles, 'toprule') %} +{% if toprule is not none %} +\{{toprule}} +{% endif %} +{% for row in head %} +{% for c in row %}{%- if not loop.first %} & {% endif %}{{parse_header(c, multirow_align, multicol_align, siunitx)}}{% endfor %} \\ +{% endfor %} +{% set midrule = parse_table(table_styles, 'midrule') %} +{% if midrule is not none %} +\{{midrule}} +{% endif %} +\endfirsthead +{% if caption and caption is string %} +\caption[]{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} \\ +{% elif caption and caption is sequence %} +\caption[]{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption[0]}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} \\ +{% endif %} +{% if toprule is not none %} +\{{toprule}} +{% endif %} +{% for row in head %} +{% for c in row %}{%- if not loop.first %} & {% endif %}{{parse_header(c, multirow_align, multicol_align, siunitx)}}{% endfor %} \\ +{% endfor %} +{% if midrule is not none %} +\{{midrule}} +{% endif %} +\endhead +{% if midrule is not none %} +\{{midrule}} +{% endif %} +\multicolumn{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{body[0]|length}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %}{r}{Continued on next page} \\ +{% if midrule is not none %} +\{{midrule}} +{% endif %} +\endfoot +{% set bottomrule = parse_table(table_styles, 'bottomrule') %} +{% if bottomrule is not none %} +\{{bottomrule}} +{% endif %} +\endlastfoot +{% for row in body %} +{% for c in row %}{% if not loop.first %} & {% endif %} + {%- if c.type == 'th' %}{{parse_header(c, multirow_align, multicol_align)}}{% else %}{{parse_cell(c.cellstyle, c.display_value, convert_css)}}{% endif %} +{%- endfor %} \\ +{% if clines and clines[loop.index] | length > 0 %} + {%- for cline in clines[loop.index] %}{% if not loop.first %} {% endif %}{{ cline }}{% endfor %} + +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +\end{longtable} +{% raw %}{% endraw %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_table.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_table.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..7858cb4c945534a4d21cd4474460fd1abcf01f82 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/latex_table.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,57 @@ +{% if environment or parse_wrap(table_styles, caption) %} +\begin{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{environment if environment else "table"}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} +{%- set position = parse_table(table_styles, 'position') %} +{%- if position is not none %} +[{{position}}] +{%- endif %} + +{% set position_float = parse_table(table_styles, 'position_float') %} +{% if position_float is not none%} +\{{position_float}} +{% endif %} +{% if caption and caption is string %} +\caption{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} + +{% elif caption and caption is sequence %} +\caption[{{caption[1]}}]{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{caption[0]}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} + +{% endif %} +{% for style in table_styles %} +{% if style['selector'] not in ['position', 'position_float', 'caption', 'toprule', 'midrule', 'bottomrule', 'column_format'] %} +\{{style['selector']}}{{parse_table(table_styles, style['selector'])}} +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +{% endif %} +\begin{tabular} +{%- set column_format = parse_table(table_styles, 'column_format') %} +{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{column_format}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} + +{% set toprule = parse_table(table_styles, 'toprule') %} +{% if toprule is not none %} +\{{toprule}} +{% endif %} +{% for row in head %} +{% for c in row %}{%- if not loop.first %} & {% endif %}{{parse_header(c, multirow_align, multicol_align, siunitx, convert_css)}}{% endfor %} \\ +{% endfor %} +{% set midrule = parse_table(table_styles, 'midrule') %} +{% if midrule is not none %} +\{{midrule}} +{% endif %} +{% for row in body %} +{% for c in row %}{% if not loop.first %} & {% endif %} + {%- if c.type == 'th' %}{{parse_header(c, multirow_align, multicol_align, False, convert_css)}}{% else %}{{parse_cell(c.cellstyle, c.display_value, convert_css)}}{% endif %} +{%- endfor %} \\ +{% if clines and clines[loop.index] | length > 0 %} + {%- for cline in clines[loop.index] %}{% if not loop.first %} {% endif %}{{ cline }}{% endfor %} + +{% endif %} +{% endfor %} +{% set bottomrule = parse_table(table_styles, 'bottomrule') %} +{% if bottomrule is not none %} +\{{bottomrule}} +{% endif %} +\end{tabular} +{% if environment or parse_wrap(table_styles, caption) %} +\end{% raw %}{{% endraw %}{{environment if environment else "table"}}{% raw %}}{% endraw %} + +{% endif %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/string.tpl b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/string.tpl new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..06aeb2b4e413c61a912b535056c19c794d4b9c85 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/templates/string.tpl @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +{% for r in head %} +{% for c in r %}{% if c["is_visible"] %} +{{ c["display_value"] }}{% if not loop.last %}{{ delimiter }}{% endif %} +{% endif %}{% endfor %} + +{% endfor %} +{% for r in body %} +{% for c in r %}{% if c["is_visible"] %} +{{ c["display_value"] }}{% if not loop.last %}{{ delimiter }}{% endif %} +{% endif %}{% endfor %} + +{% endfor %} diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/xml.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/xml.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..f56fca8d7ef4446727bfa34166b0c6b5a2856338 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/formats/xml.py @@ -0,0 +1,560 @@ +""" +:mod:`pandas.io.formats.xml` is a module for formatting data in XML. +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +import codecs +import io +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + final, +) +import warnings + +from pandas.errors import AbstractMethodError +from pandas.util._decorators import ( + cache_readonly, + doc, +) + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import is_list_like +from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import isna + +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.common import get_handle +from pandas.io.xml import ( + get_data_from_filepath, + preprocess_data, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import DataFrame + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "path_or_buffer", +) +class _BaseXMLFormatter: + """ + Subclass for formatting data in XML. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_buffer : str or file-like + This can be either a string of raw XML, a valid URL, + file or file-like object. + + index : bool + Whether to include index in xml document. + + row_name : str + Name for root of xml document. Default is 'data'. + + root_name : str + Name for row elements of xml document. Default is 'row'. + + na_rep : str + Missing data representation. + + attrs_cols : list + List of columns to write as attributes in row element. + + elem_cols : list + List of columns to write as children in row element. + + namespaces : dict + The namespaces to define in XML document as dicts with key + being namespace and value the URI. + + prefix : str + The prefix for each element in XML document including root. + + encoding : str + Encoding of xml object or document. + + xml_declaration : bool + Whether to include xml declaration at top line item in xml. + + pretty_print : bool + Whether to write xml document with line breaks and indentation. + + stylesheet : str or file-like + A URL, file, file-like object, or a raw string containing XSLT. + + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + {storage_options} + + See also + -------- + pandas.io.formats.xml.EtreeXMLFormatter + pandas.io.formats.xml.LxmlXMLFormatter + + """ + + def __init__( + self, + frame: DataFrame, + path_or_buffer: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[str] | None = None, + index: bool = True, + root_name: str | None = "data", + row_name: str | None = "row", + na_rep: str | None = None, + attr_cols: list[str] | None = None, + elem_cols: list[str] | None = None, + namespaces: dict[str | None, str] | None = None, + prefix: str | None = None, + encoding: str = "utf-8", + xml_declaration: bool | None = True, + pretty_print: bool | None = True, + stylesheet: FilePath | ReadBuffer[str] | ReadBuffer[bytes] | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.frame = frame + self.path_or_buffer = path_or_buffer + self.index = index + self.root_name = root_name + self.row_name = row_name + self.na_rep = na_rep + self.attr_cols = attr_cols + self.elem_cols = elem_cols + self.namespaces = namespaces + self.prefix = prefix + self.encoding = encoding + self.xml_declaration = xml_declaration + self.pretty_print = pretty_print + self.stylesheet = stylesheet + self.compression: CompressionOptions = compression + self.storage_options = storage_options + + self.orig_cols = self.frame.columns.tolist() + self.frame_dicts = self._process_dataframe() + + self._validate_columns() + self._validate_encoding() + self.prefix_uri = self._get_prefix_uri() + self._handle_indexes() + + def _build_tree(self) -> bytes: + """ + Build tree from data. + + This method initializes the root and builds attributes and elements + with optional namespaces. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + @final + def _validate_columns(self) -> None: + """ + Validate elems_cols and attrs_cols. + + This method will check if columns is list-like. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + * If value is not a list and less then length of nodes. + """ + if self.attr_cols and not is_list_like(self.attr_cols): + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.attr_cols).__name__} is not a valid type for attr_cols" + ) + + if self.elem_cols and not is_list_like(self.elem_cols): + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.elem_cols).__name__} is not a valid type for elem_cols" + ) + + @final + def _validate_encoding(self) -> None: + """ + Validate encoding. + + This method will check if encoding is among listed under codecs. + + Raises + ------ + LookupError + * If encoding is not available in codecs. + """ + + codecs.lookup(self.encoding) + + @final + def _process_dataframe(self) -> dict[int | str, dict[str, Any]]: + """ + Adjust Data Frame to fit xml output. + + This method will adjust underlying data frame for xml output, + including optionally replacing missing values and including indexes. + """ + + df = self.frame + + if self.index: + df = df.reset_index() + + if self.na_rep is not None: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "Downcasting object dtype arrays", + category=FutureWarning, + ) + df = df.fillna(self.na_rep) + + return df.to_dict(orient="index") + + @final + def _handle_indexes(self) -> None: + """ + Handle indexes. + + This method will add indexes into attr_cols or elem_cols. + """ + + if not self.index: + return + + first_key = next(iter(self.frame_dicts)) + indexes: list[str] = [ + x for x in self.frame_dicts[first_key].keys() if x not in self.orig_cols + ] + + if self.attr_cols: + self.attr_cols = indexes + self.attr_cols + + if self.elem_cols: + self.elem_cols = indexes + self.elem_cols + + def _get_prefix_uri(self) -> str: + """ + Get uri of namespace prefix. + + This method retrieves corresponding URI to prefix in namespaces. + + Raises + ------ + KeyError + *If prefix is not included in namespace dict. + """ + + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + @final + def _other_namespaces(self) -> dict: + """ + Define other namespaces. + + This method will build dictionary of namespaces attributes + for root element, conditionally with optional namespaces and + prefix. + """ + + nmsp_dict: dict[str, str] = {} + if self.namespaces: + nmsp_dict = { + f"xmlns{p if p=='' else f':{p}'}": n + for p, n in self.namespaces.items() + if n != self.prefix_uri[1:-1] + } + + return nmsp_dict + + @final + def _build_attribs(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> Any: + """ + Create attributes of row. + + This method adds attributes using attr_cols to row element and + works with tuples for multindex or hierarchical columns. + """ + + if not self.attr_cols: + return elem_row + + for col in self.attr_cols: + attr_name = self._get_flat_col_name(col) + try: + if not isna(d[col]): + elem_row.attrib[attr_name] = str(d[col]) + except KeyError: + raise KeyError(f"no valid column, {col}") + return elem_row + + @final + def _get_flat_col_name(self, col: str | tuple) -> str: + flat_col = col + if isinstance(col, tuple): + flat_col = ( + "".join([str(c) for c in col]).strip() + if "" in col + else "_".join([str(c) for c in col]).strip() + ) + return f"{self.prefix_uri}{flat_col}" + + @cache_readonly + def _sub_element_cls(self): + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + @final + def _build_elems(self, d: dict[str, Any], elem_row: Any) -> None: + """ + Create child elements of row. + + This method adds child elements using elem_cols to row element and + works with tuples for multindex or hierarchical columns. + """ + sub_element_cls = self._sub_element_cls + + if not self.elem_cols: + return + + for col in self.elem_cols: + elem_name = self._get_flat_col_name(col) + try: + val = None if isna(d[col]) or d[col] == "" else str(d[col]) + sub_element_cls(elem_row, elem_name).text = val + except KeyError: + raise KeyError(f"no valid column, {col}") + + @final + def write_output(self) -> str | None: + xml_doc = self._build_tree() + + if self.path_or_buffer is not None: + with get_handle( + self.path_or_buffer, + "wb", + compression=self.compression, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + is_text=False, + ) as handles: + handles.handle.write(xml_doc) + return None + + else: + return xml_doc.decode(self.encoding).rstrip() + + +class EtreeXMLFormatter(_BaseXMLFormatter): + """ + Class for formatting data in xml using Python standard library + modules: `xml.etree.ElementTree` and `xml.dom.minidom`. + """ + + def _build_tree(self) -> bytes: + from xml.etree.ElementTree import ( + Element, + SubElement, + tostring, + ) + + self.root = Element( + f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.root_name}", attrib=self._other_namespaces() + ) + + for d in self.frame_dicts.values(): + elem_row = SubElement(self.root, f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.row_name}") + + if not self.attr_cols and not self.elem_cols: + self.elem_cols = list(d.keys()) + self._build_elems(d, elem_row) + + else: + elem_row = self._build_attribs(d, elem_row) + self._build_elems(d, elem_row) + + self.out_xml = tostring( + self.root, + method="xml", + encoding=self.encoding, + xml_declaration=self.xml_declaration, + ) + + if self.pretty_print: + self.out_xml = self._prettify_tree() + + if self.stylesheet is not None: + raise ValueError( + "To use stylesheet, you need lxml installed and selected as parser." + ) + + return self.out_xml + + def _get_prefix_uri(self) -> str: + from xml.etree.ElementTree import register_namespace + + uri = "" + if self.namespaces: + for p, n in self.namespaces.items(): + if isinstance(p, str) and isinstance(n, str): + register_namespace(p, n) + if self.prefix: + try: + uri = f"{{{self.namespaces[self.prefix]}}}" + except KeyError: + raise KeyError(f"{self.prefix} is not included in namespaces") + elif "" in self.namespaces: + uri = f'{{{self.namespaces[""]}}}' + else: + uri = "" + + return uri + + @cache_readonly + def _sub_element_cls(self): + from xml.etree.ElementTree import SubElement + + return SubElement + + def _prettify_tree(self) -> bytes: + """ + Output tree for pretty print format. + + This method will pretty print xml with line breaks and indentation. + """ + + from xml.dom.minidom import parseString + + dom = parseString(self.out_xml) + + return dom.toprettyxml(indent=" ", encoding=self.encoding) + + +class LxmlXMLFormatter(_BaseXMLFormatter): + """ + Class for formatting data in xml using Python standard library + modules: `xml.etree.ElementTree` and `xml.dom.minidom`. + """ + + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None: + super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) + + self._convert_empty_str_key() + + def _build_tree(self) -> bytes: + """ + Build tree from data. + + This method initializes the root and builds attributes and elements + with optional namespaces. + """ + from lxml.etree import ( + Element, + SubElement, + tostring, + ) + + self.root = Element(f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.root_name}", nsmap=self.namespaces) + + for d in self.frame_dicts.values(): + elem_row = SubElement(self.root, f"{self.prefix_uri}{self.row_name}") + + if not self.attr_cols and not self.elem_cols: + self.elem_cols = list(d.keys()) + self._build_elems(d, elem_row) + + else: + elem_row = self._build_attribs(d, elem_row) + self._build_elems(d, elem_row) + + self.out_xml = tostring( + self.root, + pretty_print=self.pretty_print, + method="xml", + encoding=self.encoding, + xml_declaration=self.xml_declaration, + ) + + if self.stylesheet is not None: + self.out_xml = self._transform_doc() + + return self.out_xml + + def _convert_empty_str_key(self) -> None: + """ + Replace zero-length string in `namespaces`. + + This method will replace '' with None to align to `lxml` + requirement that empty string prefixes are not allowed. + """ + + if self.namespaces and "" in self.namespaces.keys(): + self.namespaces[None] = self.namespaces.pop("", "default") + + def _get_prefix_uri(self) -> str: + uri = "" + if self.namespaces: + if self.prefix: + try: + uri = f"{{{self.namespaces[self.prefix]}}}" + except KeyError: + raise KeyError(f"{self.prefix} is not included in namespaces") + elif "" in self.namespaces: + uri = f'{{{self.namespaces[""]}}}' + else: + uri = "" + + return uri + + @cache_readonly + def _sub_element_cls(self): + from lxml.etree import SubElement + + return SubElement + + def _transform_doc(self) -> bytes: + """ + Parse stylesheet from file or buffer and run it. + + This method will parse stylesheet object into tree for parsing + conditionally by its specific object type, then transforms + original tree with XSLT script. + """ + from lxml.etree import ( + XSLT, + XMLParser, + fromstring, + parse, + ) + + style_doc = self.stylesheet + assert style_doc is not None # is ensured by caller + + handle_data = get_data_from_filepath( + filepath_or_buffer=style_doc, + encoding=self.encoding, + compression=self.compression, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + ) + + with preprocess_data(handle_data) as xml_data: + curr_parser = XMLParser(encoding=self.encoding) + + if isinstance(xml_data, io.StringIO): + xsl_doc = fromstring( + xml_data.getvalue().encode(self.encoding), parser=curr_parser + ) + else: + xsl_doc = parse(xml_data, parser=curr_parser) + + transformer = XSLT(xsl_doc) + new_doc = transformer(self.root) + + return bytes(new_doc) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/gbq.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/gbq.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..350002bf461ff91f477371c1570e8cbf2ee090bb --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/gbq.py @@ -0,0 +1,255 @@ +""" Google BigQuery support """ +from __future__ import annotations + +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, +) +import warnings + +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + import google.auth + + from pandas import DataFrame + + +def _try_import(): + # since pandas is a dependency of pandas-gbq + # we need to import on first use + msg = ( + "pandas-gbq is required to load data from Google BigQuery. " + "See the docs: https://pandas-gbq.readthedocs.io." + ) + pandas_gbq = import_optional_dependency("pandas_gbq", extra=msg) + return pandas_gbq + + +def read_gbq( + query: str, + project_id: str | None = None, + index_col: str | None = None, + col_order: list[str] | None = None, + reauth: bool = False, + auth_local_webserver: bool = True, + dialect: str | None = None, + location: str | None = None, + configuration: dict[str, Any] | None = None, + credentials: google.auth.credentials.Credentials | None = None, + use_bqstorage_api: bool | None = None, + max_results: int | None = None, + progress_bar_type: str | None = None, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Load data from Google BigQuery. + + .. deprecated:: 2.2.0 + + Please use ``pandas_gbq.read_gbq`` instead. + + This function requires the `pandas-gbq package + `__. + + See the `How to authenticate with Google BigQuery + `__ + guide for authentication instructions. + + Parameters + ---------- + query : str + SQL-Like Query to return data values. + project_id : str, optional + Google BigQuery Account project ID. Optional when available from + the environment. + index_col : str, optional + Name of result column to use for index in results DataFrame. + col_order : list(str), optional + List of BigQuery column names in the desired order for results + DataFrame. + reauth : bool, default False + Force Google BigQuery to re-authenticate the user. This is useful + if multiple accounts are used. + auth_local_webserver : bool, default True + Use the `local webserver flow`_ instead of the `console flow`_ + when getting user credentials. + + .. _local webserver flow: + https://google-auth-oauthlib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/google_auth_oauthlib.flow.html#google_auth_oauthlib.flow.InstalledAppFlow.run_local_server + .. _console flow: + https://google-auth-oauthlib.readthedocs.io/en/latest/reference/google_auth_oauthlib.flow.html#google_auth_oauthlib.flow.InstalledAppFlow.run_console + + *New in version 0.2.0 of pandas-gbq*. + + .. versionchanged:: 1.5.0 + Default value is changed to ``True``. Google has deprecated the + ``auth_local_webserver = False`` `"out of band" (copy-paste) + flow + `_. + dialect : str, default 'legacy' + Note: The default value is changing to 'standard' in a future version. + + SQL syntax dialect to use. Value can be one of: + + ``'legacy'`` + Use BigQuery's legacy SQL dialect. For more information see + `BigQuery Legacy SQL Reference + `__. + ``'standard'`` + Use BigQuery's standard SQL, which is + compliant with the SQL 2011 standard. For more information + see `BigQuery Standard SQL Reference + `__. + location : str, optional + Location where the query job should run. See the `BigQuery locations + documentation + `__ for a + list of available locations. The location must match that of any + datasets used in the query. + + *New in version 0.5.0 of pandas-gbq*. + configuration : dict, optional + Query config parameters for job processing. + For example: + + configuration = {'query': {'useQueryCache': False}} + + For more information see `BigQuery REST API Reference + `__. + credentials : google.auth.credentials.Credentials, optional + Credentials for accessing Google APIs. Use this parameter to override + default credentials, such as to use Compute Engine + :class:`google.auth.compute_engine.Credentials` or Service Account + :class:`google.oauth2.service_account.Credentials` directly. + + *New in version 0.8.0 of pandas-gbq*. + use_bqstorage_api : bool, default False + Use the `BigQuery Storage API + `__ to + download query results quickly, but at an increased cost. To use this + API, first `enable it in the Cloud Console + `__. + You must also have the `bigquery.readsessions.create + `__ + permission on the project you are billing queries to. + + This feature requires version 0.10.0 or later of the ``pandas-gbq`` + package. It also requires the ``google-cloud-bigquery-storage`` and + ``fastavro`` packages. + + max_results : int, optional + If set, limit the maximum number of rows to fetch from the query + results. + + progress_bar_type : Optional, str + If set, use the `tqdm `__ library to + display a progress bar while the data downloads. Install the + ``tqdm`` package to use this feature. + + Possible values of ``progress_bar_type`` include: + + ``None`` + No progress bar. + ``'tqdm'`` + Use the :func:`tqdm.tqdm` function to print a progress bar + to :data:`sys.stderr`. + ``'tqdm_notebook'`` + Use the :func:`tqdm.tqdm_notebook` function to display a + progress bar as a Jupyter notebook widget. + ``'tqdm_gui'`` + Use the :func:`tqdm.tqdm_gui` function to display a + progress bar as a graphical dialog box. + + Returns + ------- + df: DataFrame + DataFrame representing results of query. + + See Also + -------- + pandas_gbq.read_gbq : This function in the pandas-gbq library. + DataFrame.to_gbq : Write a DataFrame to Google BigQuery. + + Examples + -------- + Example taken from `Google BigQuery documentation + `_ + + >>> sql = "SELECT name FROM table_name WHERE state = 'TX' LIMIT 100;" + >>> df = pd.read_gbq(sql, dialect="standard") # doctest: +SKIP + >>> project_id = "your-project-id" # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df = pd.read_gbq(sql, + ... project_id=project_id, + ... dialect="standard" + ... ) # doctest: +SKIP + """ + warnings.warn( + "read_gbq is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. " + "Please use pandas_gbq.read_gbq instead: " + "https://pandas-gbq.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#pandas_gbq.read_gbq", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + pandas_gbq = _try_import() + + kwargs: dict[str, str | bool | int | None] = {} + + # START: new kwargs. Don't populate unless explicitly set. + if use_bqstorage_api is not None: + kwargs["use_bqstorage_api"] = use_bqstorage_api + if max_results is not None: + kwargs["max_results"] = max_results + + kwargs["progress_bar_type"] = progress_bar_type + # END: new kwargs + + return pandas_gbq.read_gbq( + query, + project_id=project_id, + index_col=index_col, + col_order=col_order, + reauth=reauth, + auth_local_webserver=auth_local_webserver, + dialect=dialect, + location=location, + configuration=configuration, + credentials=credentials, + **kwargs, + ) + + +def to_gbq( + dataframe: DataFrame, + destination_table: str, + project_id: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + reauth: bool = False, + if_exists: str = "fail", + auth_local_webserver: bool = True, + table_schema: list[dict[str, str]] | None = None, + location: str | None = None, + progress_bar: bool = True, + credentials: google.auth.credentials.Credentials | None = None, +) -> None: + warnings.warn( + "to_gbq is deprecated and will be removed in a future version. " + "Please use pandas_gbq.to_gbq instead: " + "https://pandas-gbq.readthedocs.io/en/latest/api.html#pandas_gbq.to_gbq", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + pandas_gbq = _try_import() + pandas_gbq.to_gbq( + dataframe, + destination_table, + project_id=project_id, + chunksize=chunksize, + reauth=reauth, + if_exists=if_exists, + auth_local_webserver=auth_local_webserver, + table_schema=table_schema, + location=location, + progress_bar=progress_bar, + credentials=credentials, + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/html.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/html.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4eeeb1b655f8ac55309edeacd593f5a5c2516678 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/html.py @@ -0,0 +1,1259 @@ +""" +:mod:`pandas.io.html` is a module containing functionality for dealing with +HTML IO. + +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections import abc +import numbers +import re +from re import Pattern +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Literal, + cast, +) +import warnings + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.errors import ( + AbstractMethodError, + EmptyDataError, +) +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import is_list_like + +from pandas import isna +from pandas.core.indexes.base import Index +from pandas.core.indexes.multi import MultiIndex +from pandas.core.series import Series +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.common import ( + file_exists, + get_handle, + is_file_like, + is_fsspec_url, + is_url, + stringify_path, + validate_header_arg, +) +from pandas.io.formats.printing import pprint_thing +from pandas.io.parsers import TextParser + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Iterable, + Sequence, + ) + + from pandas._typing import ( + BaseBuffer, + DtypeBackend, + FilePath, + HTMLFlavors, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + ) + + from pandas import DataFrame + +############# +# READ HTML # +############# +_RE_WHITESPACE = re.compile(r"[\r\n]+|\s{2,}") + + +def _remove_whitespace(s: str, regex: Pattern = _RE_WHITESPACE) -> str: + """ + Replace extra whitespace inside of a string with a single space. + + Parameters + ---------- + s : str or unicode + The string from which to remove extra whitespace. + regex : re.Pattern + The regular expression to use to remove extra whitespace. + + Returns + ------- + subd : str or unicode + `s` with all extra whitespace replaced with a single space. + """ + return regex.sub(" ", s.strip()) + + +def _get_skiprows(skiprows: int | Sequence[int] | slice | None) -> int | Sequence[int]: + """ + Get an iterator given an integer, slice or container. + + Parameters + ---------- + skiprows : int, slice, container + The iterator to use to skip rows; can also be a slice. + + Raises + ------ + TypeError + * If `skiprows` is not a slice, integer, or Container + + Returns + ------- + it : iterable + A proper iterator to use to skip rows of a DataFrame. + """ + if isinstance(skiprows, slice): + start, step = skiprows.start or 0, skiprows.step or 1 + return list(range(start, skiprows.stop, step)) + elif isinstance(skiprows, numbers.Integral) or is_list_like(skiprows): + return cast("int | Sequence[int]", skiprows) + elif skiprows is None: + return 0 + raise TypeError(f"{type(skiprows).__name__} is not a valid type for skipping rows") + + +def _read( + obj: FilePath | BaseBuffer, + encoding: str | None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None, +) -> str | bytes: + """ + Try to read from a url, file or string. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : str, unicode, path object, or file-like object + + Returns + ------- + raw_text : str + """ + text: str | bytes + if ( + is_url(obj) + or hasattr(obj, "read") + or (isinstance(obj, str) and file_exists(obj)) + ): + with get_handle( + obj, "r", encoding=encoding, storage_options=storage_options + ) as handles: + text = handles.handle.read() + elif isinstance(obj, (str, bytes)): + text = obj + else: + raise TypeError(f"Cannot read object of type '{type(obj).__name__}'") + return text + + +class _HtmlFrameParser: + """ + Base class for parsers that parse HTML into DataFrames. + + Parameters + ---------- + io : str or file-like + This can be either a string of raw HTML, a valid URL using the HTTP, + FTP, or FILE protocols or a file-like object. + + match : str or regex + The text to match in the document. + + attrs : dict + List of HTML element attributes to match. + + encoding : str + Encoding to be used by parser + + displayed_only : bool + Whether or not items with "display:none" should be ignored + + extract_links : {None, "all", "header", "body", "footer"} + Table elements in the specified section(s) with tags will have their + href extracted. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Attributes + ---------- + io : str or file-like + raw HTML, URL, or file-like object + + match : regex + The text to match in the raw HTML + + attrs : dict-like + A dictionary of valid table attributes to use to search for table + elements. + + encoding : str + Encoding to be used by parser + + displayed_only : bool + Whether or not items with "display:none" should be ignored + + extract_links : {None, "all", "header", "body", "footer"} + Table elements in the specified section(s) with tags will have their + href extracted. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Notes + ----- + To subclass this class effectively you must override the following methods: + * :func:`_build_doc` + * :func:`_attr_getter` + * :func:`_href_getter` + * :func:`_text_getter` + * :func:`_parse_td` + * :func:`_parse_thead_tr` + * :func:`_parse_tbody_tr` + * :func:`_parse_tfoot_tr` + * :func:`_parse_tables` + * :func:`_equals_tag` + See each method's respective documentation for details on their + functionality. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + io: FilePath | ReadBuffer[str] | ReadBuffer[bytes], + match: str | Pattern, + attrs: dict[str, str] | None, + encoding: str, + displayed_only: bool, + extract_links: Literal[None, "header", "footer", "body", "all"], + storage_options: StorageOptions = None, + ) -> None: + self.io = io + self.match = match + self.attrs = attrs + self.encoding = encoding + self.displayed_only = displayed_only + self.extract_links = extract_links + self.storage_options = storage_options + + def parse_tables(self): + """ + Parse and return all tables from the DOM. + + Returns + ------- + list of parsed (header, body, footer) tuples from tables. + """ + tables = self._parse_tables(self._build_doc(), self.match, self.attrs) + return (self._parse_thead_tbody_tfoot(table) for table in tables) + + def _attr_getter(self, obj, attr): + """ + Return the attribute value of an individual DOM node. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : node-like + A DOM node. + + attr : str or unicode + The attribute, such as "colspan" + + Returns + ------- + str or unicode + The attribute value. + """ + # Both lxml and BeautifulSoup have the same implementation: + return obj.get(attr) + + def _href_getter(self, obj) -> str | None: + """ + Return a href if the DOM node contains a child or None. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : node-like + A DOM node. + + Returns + ------- + href : str or unicode + The href from the child of the DOM node. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _text_getter(self, obj): + """ + Return the text of an individual DOM node. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : node-like + A DOM node. + + Returns + ------- + text : str or unicode + The text from an individual DOM node. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_td(self, obj): + """ + Return the td elements from a row element. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : node-like + A DOM node. + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + These are the elements of each row, i.e., the columns. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_thead_tr(self, table): + """ + Return the list of thead row elements from the parsed table element. + + Parameters + ---------- + table : a table element that contains zero or more thead elements. + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + These are the row elements of a table. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_tbody_tr(self, table): + """ + Return the list of tbody row elements from the parsed table element. + + HTML5 table bodies consist of either 0 or more elements (which + only contain elements) or 0 or more elements. This method + checks for both structures. + + Parameters + ---------- + table : a table element that contains row elements. + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + These are the row elements of a table. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_tfoot_tr(self, table): + """ + Return the list of tfoot row elements from the parsed table element. + + Parameters + ---------- + table : a table element that contains row elements. + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + These are the row elements of a table. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_tables(self, document, match, attrs): + """ + Return all tables from the parsed DOM. + + Parameters + ---------- + document : the DOM from which to parse the table element. + + match : str or regular expression + The text to search for in the DOM tree. + + attrs : dict + A dictionary of table attributes that can be used to disambiguate + multiple tables on a page. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError : `match` does not match any text in the document. + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + HTML
elements to be parsed into raw data. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _equals_tag(self, obj, tag) -> bool: + """ + Return whether an individual DOM node matches a tag + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : node-like + A DOM node. + + tag : str + Tag name to be checked for equality. + + Returns + ------- + boolean + Whether `obj`'s tag name is `tag` + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _build_doc(self): + """ + Return a tree-like object that can be used to iterate over the DOM. + + Returns + ------- + node-like + The DOM from which to parse the table element. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_thead_tbody_tfoot(self, table_html): + """ + Given a table, return parsed header, body, and foot. + + Parameters + ---------- + table_html : node-like + + Returns + ------- + tuple of (header, body, footer), each a list of list-of-text rows. + + Notes + ----- + Header and body are lists-of-lists. Top level list is a list of + rows. Each row is a list of str text. + + Logic: Use , , elements to identify + header, body, and footer, otherwise: + - Put all rows into body + - Move rows from top of body to header only if + all elements inside row are . Move the top all- or + while body_rows and row_is_all_th(body_rows[0]): + header_rows.append(body_rows.pop(0)) + + header = self._expand_colspan_rowspan(header_rows, section="header") + body = self._expand_colspan_rowspan(body_rows, section="body") + footer = self._expand_colspan_rowspan(footer_rows, section="footer") + + return header, body, footer + + def _expand_colspan_rowspan( + self, rows, section: Literal["header", "footer", "body"] + ): + """ + Given a list of s, return a list of text rows. + + Parameters + ---------- + rows : list of node-like + List of s + section : the section that the rows belong to (header, body or footer). + + Returns + ------- + list of list + Each returned row is a list of str text, or tuple (text, link) + if extract_links is not None. + + Notes + ----- + Any cell with ``rowspan`` or ``colspan`` will have its contents copied + to subsequent cells. + """ + all_texts = [] # list of rows, each a list of str + text: str | tuple + remainder: list[ + tuple[int, str | tuple, int] + ] = [] # list of (index, text, nrows) + + for tr in rows: + texts = [] # the output for this row + next_remainder = [] + + index = 0 + tds = self._parse_td(tr) + for td in tds: + # Append texts from previous rows with rowspan>1 that come + # before this or (see _parse_thead_tr). + return row.xpath("./td|./th") + + def _parse_tables(self, document, match, kwargs): + pattern = match.pattern + + # 1. check all descendants for the given pattern and only search tables + # GH 49929 + xpath_expr = f"//table[.//text()[re:test(., {repr(pattern)})]]" + + # if any table attributes were given build an xpath expression to + # search for them + if kwargs: + xpath_expr += _build_xpath_expr(kwargs) + + tables = document.xpath(xpath_expr, namespaces=_re_namespace) + + tables = self._handle_hidden_tables(tables, "attrib") + if self.displayed_only: + for table in tables: + # lxml utilizes XPATH 1.0 which does not have regex + # support. As a result, we find all elements with a style + # attribute and iterate them to check for display:none + for elem in table.xpath(".//style"): + elem.drop_tree() + for elem in table.xpath(".//*[@style]"): + if "display:none" in elem.attrib.get("style", "").replace(" ", ""): + elem.drop_tree() + if not tables: + raise ValueError(f"No tables found matching regex {repr(pattern)}") + return tables + + def _equals_tag(self, obj, tag) -> bool: + return obj.tag == tag + + def _build_doc(self): + """ + Raises + ------ + ValueError + * If a URL that lxml cannot parse is passed. + + Exception + * Any other ``Exception`` thrown. For example, trying to parse a + URL that is syntactically correct on a machine with no internet + connection will fail. + + See Also + -------- + pandas.io.html._HtmlFrameParser._build_doc + """ + from lxml.etree import XMLSyntaxError + from lxml.html import ( + HTMLParser, + fromstring, + parse, + ) + + parser = HTMLParser(recover=True, encoding=self.encoding) + + try: + if is_url(self.io): + with get_handle( + self.io, "r", storage_options=self.storage_options + ) as f: + r = parse(f.handle, parser=parser) + else: + # try to parse the input in the simplest way + r = parse(self.io, parser=parser) + try: + r = r.getroot() + except AttributeError: + pass + except (UnicodeDecodeError, OSError) as e: + # if the input is a blob of html goop + if not is_url(self.io): + r = fromstring(self.io, parser=parser) + + try: + r = r.getroot() + except AttributeError: + pass + else: + raise e + else: + if not hasattr(r, "text_content"): + raise XMLSyntaxError("no text parsed from document", 0, 0, 0) + + for br in r.xpath("*//br"): + br.tail = "\n" + (br.tail or "") + + return r + + def _parse_thead_tr(self, table): + rows = [] + + for thead in table.xpath(".//thead"): + rows.extend(thead.xpath("./tr")) + + # HACK: lxml does not clean up the clearly-erroneous + # . (Missing ). Add + # the and _pretend_ it's a ; _parse_td() will find its + # children as though it's a . + # + # Better solution would be to use html5lib. + elements_at_root = thead.xpath("./td|./th") + if elements_at_root: + rows.append(thead) + + return rows + + def _parse_tbody_tr(self, table): + from_tbody = table.xpath(".//tbody//tr") + from_root = table.xpath("./tr") + # HTML spec: at most one of these lists has content + return from_tbody + from_root + + def _parse_tfoot_tr(self, table): + return table.xpath(".//tfoot//tr") + + +def _expand_elements(body) -> None: + data = [len(elem) for elem in body] + lens = Series(data) + lens_max = lens.max() + not_max = lens[lens != lens_max] + + empty = [""] + for ind, length in not_max.items(): + body[ind] += empty * (lens_max - length) + + +def _data_to_frame(**kwargs): + head, body, foot = kwargs.pop("data") + header = kwargs.pop("header") + kwargs["skiprows"] = _get_skiprows(kwargs["skiprows"]) + if head: + body = head + body + + # Infer header when there is a or top
+ - Move rows from bottom of body to footer only if + all elements inside row are + """ + header_rows = self._parse_thead_tr(table_html) + body_rows = self._parse_tbody_tr(table_html) + footer_rows = self._parse_tfoot_tr(table_html) + + def row_is_all_th(row): + return all(self._equals_tag(t, "th") for t in self._parse_td(row)) + + if not header_rows: + # The table has no
rows from + # body_rows to header_rows. (This is a common case because many + # tables in the wild have no
+ while remainder and remainder[0][0] <= index: + prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan = remainder.pop(0) + texts.append(prev_text) + if prev_rowspan > 1: + next_remainder.append((prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan - 1)) + index += 1 + + # Append the text from this , colspan times + text = _remove_whitespace(self._text_getter(td)) + if self.extract_links in ("all", section): + href = self._href_getter(td) + text = (text, href) + rowspan = int(self._attr_getter(td, "rowspan") or 1) + colspan = int(self._attr_getter(td, "colspan") or 1) + + for _ in range(colspan): + texts.append(text) + if rowspan > 1: + next_remainder.append((index, text, rowspan - 1)) + index += 1 + + # Append texts from previous rows at the final position + for prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan in remainder: + texts.append(prev_text) + if prev_rowspan > 1: + next_remainder.append((prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan - 1)) + + all_texts.append(texts) + remainder = next_remainder + + # Append rows that only appear because the previous row had non-1 + # rowspan + while remainder: + next_remainder = [] + texts = [] + for prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan in remainder: + texts.append(prev_text) + if prev_rowspan > 1: + next_remainder.append((prev_i, prev_text, prev_rowspan - 1)) + all_texts.append(texts) + remainder = next_remainder + + return all_texts + + def _handle_hidden_tables(self, tbl_list, attr_name: str): + """ + Return list of tables, potentially removing hidden elements + + Parameters + ---------- + tbl_list : list of node-like + Type of list elements will vary depending upon parser used + attr_name : str + Name of the accessor for retrieving HTML attributes + + Returns + ------- + list of node-like + Return type matches `tbl_list` + """ + if not self.displayed_only: + return tbl_list + + return [ + x + for x in tbl_list + if "display:none" + not in getattr(x, attr_name).get("style", "").replace(" ", "") + ] + + +class _BeautifulSoupHtml5LibFrameParser(_HtmlFrameParser): + """ + HTML to DataFrame parser that uses BeautifulSoup under the hood. + + See Also + -------- + pandas.io.html._HtmlFrameParser + pandas.io.html._LxmlFrameParser + + Notes + ----- + Documentation strings for this class are in the base class + :class:`pandas.io.html._HtmlFrameParser`. + """ + + def _parse_tables(self, document, match, attrs): + element_name = "table" + tables = document.find_all(element_name, attrs=attrs) + if not tables: + raise ValueError("No tables found") + + result = [] + unique_tables = set() + tables = self._handle_hidden_tables(tables, "attrs") + + for table in tables: + if self.displayed_only: + for elem in table.find_all("style"): + elem.decompose() + + for elem in table.find_all(style=re.compile(r"display:\s*none")): + elem.decompose() + + if table not in unique_tables and table.find(string=match) is not None: + result.append(table) + unique_tables.add(table) + if not result: + raise ValueError(f"No tables found matching pattern {repr(match.pattern)}") + return result + + def _href_getter(self, obj) -> str | None: + a = obj.find("a", href=True) + return None if not a else a["href"] + + def _text_getter(self, obj): + return obj.text + + def _equals_tag(self, obj, tag) -> bool: + return obj.name == tag + + def _parse_td(self, row): + return row.find_all(("td", "th"), recursive=False) + + def _parse_thead_tr(self, table): + return table.select("thead tr") + + def _parse_tbody_tr(self, table): + from_tbody = table.select("tbody tr") + from_root = table.find_all("tr", recursive=False) + # HTML spec: at most one of these lists has content + return from_tbody + from_root + + def _parse_tfoot_tr(self, table): + return table.select("tfoot tr") + + def _setup_build_doc(self): + raw_text = _read(self.io, self.encoding, self.storage_options) + if not raw_text: + raise ValueError(f"No text parsed from document: {self.io}") + return raw_text + + def _build_doc(self): + from bs4 import BeautifulSoup + + bdoc = self._setup_build_doc() + if isinstance(bdoc, bytes) and self.encoding is not None: + udoc = bdoc.decode(self.encoding) + from_encoding = None + else: + udoc = bdoc + from_encoding = self.encoding + + soup = BeautifulSoup(udoc, features="html5lib", from_encoding=from_encoding) + + for br in soup.find_all("br"): + br.replace_with("\n" + br.text) + + return soup + + +def _build_xpath_expr(attrs) -> str: + """ + Build an xpath expression to simulate bs4's ability to pass in kwargs to + search for attributes when using the lxml parser. + + Parameters + ---------- + attrs : dict + A dict of HTML attributes. These are NOT checked for validity. + + Returns + ------- + expr : unicode + An XPath expression that checks for the given HTML attributes. + """ + # give class attribute as class_ because class is a python keyword + if "class_" in attrs: + attrs["class"] = attrs.pop("class_") + + s = " and ".join([f"@{k}={repr(v)}" for k, v in attrs.items()]) + return f"[{s}]" + + +_re_namespace = {"re": "http://exslt.org/regular-expressions"} + + +class _LxmlFrameParser(_HtmlFrameParser): + """ + HTML to DataFrame parser that uses lxml under the hood. + + Warning + ------- + This parser can only handle HTTP, FTP, and FILE urls. + + See Also + -------- + _HtmlFrameParser + _BeautifulSoupLxmlFrameParser + + Notes + ----- + Documentation strings for this class are in the base class + :class:`_HtmlFrameParser`. + """ + + def _href_getter(self, obj) -> str | None: + href = obj.xpath(".//a/@href") + return None if not href else href[0] + + def _text_getter(self, obj): + return obj.text_content() + + def _parse_td(self, row): + # Look for direct children only: the "row" element here may be a + #
foobar
-only rows + if header is None: + if len(head) == 1: + header = 0 + else: + # ignore all-empty-text rows + header = [i for i, row in enumerate(head) if any(text for text in row)] + + if foot: + body += foot + + # fill out elements of body that are "ragged" + _expand_elements(body) + with TextParser(body, header=header, **kwargs) as tp: + return tp.read() + + +_valid_parsers = { + "lxml": _LxmlFrameParser, + None: _LxmlFrameParser, + "html5lib": _BeautifulSoupHtml5LibFrameParser, + "bs4": _BeautifulSoupHtml5LibFrameParser, +} + + +def _parser_dispatch(flavor: HTMLFlavors | None) -> type[_HtmlFrameParser]: + """ + Choose the parser based on the input flavor. + + Parameters + ---------- + flavor : {{"lxml", "html5lib", "bs4"}} or None + The type of parser to use. This must be a valid backend. + + Returns + ------- + cls : _HtmlFrameParser subclass + The parser class based on the requested input flavor. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + * If `flavor` is not a valid backend. + ImportError + * If you do not have the requested `flavor` + """ + valid_parsers = list(_valid_parsers.keys()) + if flavor not in valid_parsers: + raise ValueError( + f"{repr(flavor)} is not a valid flavor, valid flavors are {valid_parsers}" + ) + + if flavor in ("bs4", "html5lib"): + import_optional_dependency("html5lib") + import_optional_dependency("bs4") + else: + import_optional_dependency("lxml.etree") + return _valid_parsers[flavor] + + +def _print_as_set(s) -> str: + arg = ", ".join([pprint_thing(el) for el in s]) + return f"{{{arg}}}" + + +def _validate_flavor(flavor): + if flavor is None: + flavor = "lxml", "bs4" + elif isinstance(flavor, str): + flavor = (flavor,) + elif isinstance(flavor, abc.Iterable): + if not all(isinstance(flav, str) for flav in flavor): + raise TypeError( + f"Object of type {repr(type(flavor).__name__)} " + f"is not an iterable of strings" + ) + else: + msg = repr(flavor) if isinstance(flavor, str) else str(flavor) + msg += " is not a valid flavor" + raise ValueError(msg) + + flavor = tuple(flavor) + valid_flavors = set(_valid_parsers) + flavor_set = set(flavor) + + if not flavor_set & valid_flavors: + raise ValueError( + f"{_print_as_set(flavor_set)} is not a valid set of flavors, valid " + f"flavors are {_print_as_set(valid_flavors)}" + ) + return flavor + + +def _parse( + flavor, + io, + match, + attrs, + encoding, + displayed_only, + extract_links, + storage_options, + **kwargs, +): + flavor = _validate_flavor(flavor) + compiled_match = re.compile(match) # you can pass a compiled regex here + + retained = None + for flav in flavor: + parser = _parser_dispatch(flav) + p = parser( + io, + compiled_match, + attrs, + encoding, + displayed_only, + extract_links, + storage_options, + ) + + try: + tables = p.parse_tables() + except ValueError as caught: + # if `io` is an io-like object, check if it's seekable + # and try to rewind it before trying the next parser + if hasattr(io, "seekable") and io.seekable(): + io.seek(0) + elif hasattr(io, "seekable") and not io.seekable(): + # if we couldn't rewind it, let the user know + raise ValueError( + f"The flavor {flav} failed to parse your input. " + "Since you passed a non-rewindable file " + "object, we can't rewind it to try " + "another parser. Try read_html() with a different flavor." + ) from caught + + retained = caught + else: + break + else: + assert retained is not None # for mypy + raise retained + + ret = [] + for table in tables: + try: + df = _data_to_frame(data=table, **kwargs) + # Cast MultiIndex header to an Index of tuples when extracting header + # links and replace nan with None (therefore can't use mi.to_flat_index()). + # This maintains consistency of selection (e.g. df.columns.str[1]) + if extract_links in ("all", "header") and isinstance( + df.columns, MultiIndex + ): + df.columns = Index( + ((col[0], None if isna(col[1]) else col[1]) for col in df.columns), + tupleize_cols=False, + ) + + ret.append(df) + except EmptyDataError: # empty table + continue + return ret + + +@doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) +def read_html( + io: FilePath | ReadBuffer[str], + *, + match: str | Pattern = ".+", + flavor: HTMLFlavors | Sequence[HTMLFlavors] | None = None, + header: int | Sequence[int] | None = None, + index_col: int | Sequence[int] | None = None, + skiprows: int | Sequence[int] | slice | None = None, + attrs: dict[str, str] | None = None, + parse_dates: bool = False, + thousands: str | None = ",", + encoding: str | None = None, + decimal: str = ".", + converters: dict | None = None, + na_values: Iterable[object] | None = None, + keep_default_na: bool = True, + displayed_only: bool = True, + extract_links: Literal[None, "header", "footer", "body", "all"] = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + storage_options: StorageOptions = None, +) -> list[DataFrame]: + r""" + Read HTML tables into a ``list`` of ``DataFrame`` objects. + + Parameters + ---------- + io : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a string ``read()`` function. + The string can represent a URL or the HTML itself. Note that + lxml only accepts the http, ftp and file url protocols. If you have a + URL that starts with ``'https'`` you might try removing the ``'s'``. + + .. deprecated:: 2.1.0 + Passing html literal strings is deprecated. + Wrap literal string/bytes input in ``io.StringIO``/``io.BytesIO`` instead. + + match : str or compiled regular expression, optional + The set of tables containing text matching this regex or string will be + returned. Unless the HTML is extremely simple you will probably need to + pass a non-empty string here. Defaults to '.+' (match any non-empty + string). The default value will return all tables contained on a page. + This value is converted to a regular expression so that there is + consistent behavior between Beautiful Soup and lxml. + + flavor : {{"lxml", "html5lib", "bs4"}} or list-like, optional + The parsing engine (or list of parsing engines) to use. 'bs4' and + 'html5lib' are synonymous with each other, they are both there for + backwards compatibility. The default of ``None`` tries to use ``lxml`` + to parse and if that fails it falls back on ``bs4`` + ``html5lib``. + + header : int or list-like, optional + The row (or list of rows for a :class:`~pandas.MultiIndex`) to use to + make the columns headers. + + index_col : int or list-like, optional + The column (or list of columns) to use to create the index. + + skiprows : int, list-like or slice, optional + Number of rows to skip after parsing the column integer. 0-based. If a + sequence of integers or a slice is given, will skip the rows indexed by + that sequence. Note that a single element sequence means 'skip the nth + row' whereas an integer means 'skip n rows'. + + attrs : dict, optional + This is a dictionary of attributes that you can pass to use to identify + the table in the HTML. These are not checked for validity before being + passed to lxml or Beautiful Soup. However, these attributes must be + valid HTML table attributes to work correctly. For example, :: + + attrs = {{'id': 'table'}} + + is a valid attribute dictionary because the 'id' HTML tag attribute is + a valid HTML attribute for *any* HTML tag as per `this document + `__. :: + + attrs = {{'asdf': 'table'}} + + is *not* a valid attribute dictionary because 'asdf' is not a valid + HTML attribute even if it is a valid XML attribute. Valid HTML 4.01 + table attributes can be found `here + `__. A + working draft of the HTML 5 spec can be found `here + `__. It contains the + latest information on table attributes for the modern web. + + parse_dates : bool, optional + See :func:`~read_csv` for more details. + + thousands : str, optional + Separator to use to parse thousands. Defaults to ``','``. + + encoding : str, optional + The encoding used to decode the web page. Defaults to ``None``.``None`` + preserves the previous encoding behavior, which depends on the + underlying parser library (e.g., the parser library will try to use + the encoding provided by the document). + + decimal : str, default '.' + Character to recognize as decimal point (e.g. use ',' for European + data). + + converters : dict, default None + Dict of functions for converting values in certain columns. Keys can + either be integers or column labels, values are functions that take one + input argument, the cell (not column) content, and return the + transformed content. + + na_values : iterable, default None + Custom NA values. + + keep_default_na : bool, default True + If na_values are specified and keep_default_na is False the default NaN + values are overridden, otherwise they're appended to. + + displayed_only : bool, default True + Whether elements with "display: none" should be parsed. + + extract_links : {{None, "all", "header", "body", "footer"}} + Table elements in the specified section(s) with tags will have their + href extracted. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + dtype_backend : {{'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + {storage_options} + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + + Returns + ------- + dfs + A list of DataFrames. + + See Also + -------- + read_csv : Read a comma-separated values (csv) file into DataFrame. + + Notes + ----- + Before using this function you should read the :ref:`gotchas about the + HTML parsing libraries `. + + Expect to do some cleanup after you call this function. For example, you + might need to manually assign column names if the column names are + converted to NaN when you pass the `header=0` argument. We try to assume as + little as possible about the structure of the table and push the + idiosyncrasies of the HTML contained in the table to the user. + + This function searches for ```` elements and only for ```` + and ```` or ```` argument, it is used to construct + the header, otherwise the function attempts to find the header within + the body (by putting rows with only ``
`` rows and ```` elements within each ``
`` + element in the table. ```` stands for "table data". This function + attempts to properly handle ``colspan`` and ``rowspan`` attributes. + If the function has a ``
`` elements into the header). + + Similar to :func:`~read_csv` the `header` argument is applied + **after** `skiprows` is applied. + + This function will *always* return a list of :class:`DataFrame` *or* + it will fail, e.g., it will *not* return an empty list. + + Examples + -------- + See the :ref:`read_html documentation in the IO section of the docs + ` for some examples of reading in HTML tables. + """ + # Type check here. We don't want to parse only to fail because of an + # invalid value of an integer skiprows. + if isinstance(skiprows, numbers.Integral) and skiprows < 0: + raise ValueError( + "cannot skip rows starting from the end of the " + "data (you passed a negative value)" + ) + if extract_links not in [None, "header", "footer", "body", "all"]: + raise ValueError( + "`extract_links` must be one of " + '{None, "header", "footer", "body", "all"}, got ' + f'"{extract_links}"' + ) + + validate_header_arg(header) + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + io = stringify_path(io) + + if isinstance(io, str) and not any( + [ + is_file_like(io), + file_exists(io), + is_url(io), + is_fsspec_url(io), + ] + ): + warnings.warn( + "Passing literal html to 'read_html' is deprecated and " + "will be removed in a future version. To read from a " + "literal string, wrap it in a 'StringIO' object.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + return _parse( + flavor=flavor, + io=io, + match=match, + header=header, + index_col=index_col, + skiprows=skiprows, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + thousands=thousands, + attrs=attrs, + encoding=encoding, + decimal=decimal, + converters=converters, + na_values=na_values, + keep_default_na=keep_default_na, + displayed_only=displayed_only, + extract_links=extract_links, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/orc.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/orc.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..fed9463c38d5deb907cb7df0adee03152380d7a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/orc.py @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ +""" orc compat """ +from __future__ import annotations + +import io +from types import ModuleType +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Literal, +) + +from pandas._config import using_pyarrow_string_dtype + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +import pandas as pd +from pandas.core.indexes.api import default_index + +from pandas.io._util import arrow_string_types_mapper +from pandas.io.common import ( + get_handle, + is_fsspec_url, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + import fsspec + import pyarrow.fs + + from pandas._typing import ( + DtypeBackend, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame + + +def read_orc( + path: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes], + columns: list[str] | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + filesystem: pyarrow.fs.FileSystem | fsspec.spec.AbstractFileSystem | None = None, + **kwargs: Any, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Load an ORC object from the file path, returning a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``read()`` function. The string could be a URL. + Valid URL schemes include http, ftp, s3, and file. For file URLs, a host is + expected. A local file could be: + ``file://localhost/path/to/table.orc``. + columns : list, default None + If not None, only these columns will be read from the file. + Output always follows the ordering of the file and not the columns list. + This mirrors the original behaviour of + :external+pyarrow:py:meth:`pyarrow.orc.ORCFile.read`. + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + filesystem : fsspec or pyarrow filesystem, default None + Filesystem object to use when reading the parquet file. + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + + **kwargs + Any additional kwargs are passed to pyarrow. + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + Notes + ----- + Before using this function you should read the :ref:`user guide about ORC ` + and :ref:`install optional dependencies `. + + If ``path`` is a URI scheme pointing to a local or remote file (e.g. "s3://"), + a ``pyarrow.fs`` filesystem will be attempted to read the file. You can also pass a + pyarrow or fsspec filesystem object into the filesystem keyword to override this + behavior. + + Examples + -------- + >>> result = pd.read_orc("example_pa.orc") # doctest: +SKIP + """ + # we require a newer version of pyarrow than we support for parquet + + orc = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow.orc") + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + with get_handle(path, "rb", is_text=False) as handles: + source = handles.handle + if is_fsspec_url(path) and filesystem is None: + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + pa_fs = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow.fs") + try: + filesystem, source = pa_fs.FileSystem.from_uri(path) + except (TypeError, pa.ArrowInvalid): + pass + + pa_table = orc.read_table( + source=source, columns=columns, filesystem=filesystem, **kwargs + ) + if dtype_backend is not lib.no_default: + if dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + df = pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=pd.ArrowDtype) + else: + from pandas.io._util import _arrow_dtype_mapping + + mapping = _arrow_dtype_mapping() + df = pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=mapping.get) + return df + else: + if using_pyarrow_string_dtype(): + types_mapper = arrow_string_types_mapper() + else: + types_mapper = None + return pa_table.to_pandas(types_mapper=types_mapper) + + +def to_orc( + df: DataFrame, + path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | None = None, + *, + engine: Literal["pyarrow"] = "pyarrow", + index: bool | None = None, + engine_kwargs: dict[str, Any] | None = None, +) -> bytes | None: + """ + Write a DataFrame to the ORC format. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + df : DataFrame + The dataframe to be written to ORC. Raises NotImplementedError + if dtype of one or more columns is category, unsigned integers, + intervals, periods or sparse. + path : str, file-like object or None, default None + If a string, it will be used as Root Directory path + when writing a partitioned dataset. By file-like object, + we refer to objects with a write() method, such as a file handle + (e.g. via builtin open function). If path is None, + a bytes object is returned. + engine : str, default 'pyarrow' + ORC library to use. + index : bool, optional + If ``True``, include the dataframe's index(es) in the file output. If + ``False``, they will not be written to the file. + If ``None``, similar to ``infer`` the dataframe's index(es) + will be saved. However, instead of being saved as values, + the RangeIndex will be stored as a range in the metadata so it + doesn't require much space and is faster. Other indexes will + be included as columns in the file output. + engine_kwargs : dict[str, Any] or None, default None + Additional keyword arguments passed to :func:`pyarrow.orc.write_table`. + + Returns + ------- + bytes if no path argument is provided else None + + Raises + ------ + NotImplementedError + Dtype of one or more columns is category, unsigned integers, interval, + period or sparse. + ValueError + engine is not pyarrow. + + Notes + ----- + * Before using this function you should read the + :ref:`user guide about ORC ` and + :ref:`install optional dependencies `. + * This function requires `pyarrow `_ + library. + * For supported dtypes please refer to `supported ORC features in Arrow + `__. + * Currently timezones in datetime columns are not preserved when a + dataframe is converted into ORC files. + """ + if index is None: + index = df.index.names[0] is not None + if engine_kwargs is None: + engine_kwargs = {} + + # validate index + # -------------- + + # validate that we have only a default index + # raise on anything else as we don't serialize the index + + if not df.index.equals(default_index(len(df))): + raise ValueError( + "orc does not support serializing a non-default index for the index; " + "you can .reset_index() to make the index into column(s)" + ) + + if df.index.name is not None: + raise ValueError("orc does not serialize index meta-data on a default index") + + if engine != "pyarrow": + raise ValueError("engine must be 'pyarrow'") + engine = import_optional_dependency(engine, min_version="10.0.1") + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + orc = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow.orc") + + was_none = path is None + if was_none: + path = io.BytesIO() + assert path is not None # For mypy + with get_handle(path, "wb", is_text=False) as handles: + assert isinstance(engine, ModuleType) # For mypy + try: + orc.write_table( + engine.Table.from_pandas(df, preserve_index=index), + handles.handle, + **engine_kwargs, + ) + except (TypeError, pa.ArrowNotImplementedError) as e: + raise NotImplementedError( + "The dtype of one or more columns is not supported yet." + ) from e + + if was_none: + assert isinstance(path, io.BytesIO) # For mypy + return path.getvalue() + return None diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9570d6f8b26bd85585e5a46145b7871f1bb6eb3a --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/parquet.py @@ -0,0 +1,676 @@ +""" parquet compat """ +from __future__ import annotations + +import io +import json +import os +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Literal, +) +import warnings +from warnings import catch_warnings + +from pandas._config import using_pyarrow_string_dtype +from pandas._config.config import _get_option + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.errors import AbstractMethodError +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +import pandas as pd +from pandas import ( + DataFrame, + get_option, +) +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io._util import arrow_string_types_mapper +from pandas.io.common import ( + IOHandles, + get_handle, + is_fsspec_url, + is_url, + stringify_path, +) + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + DtypeBackend, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + +def get_engine(engine: str) -> BaseImpl: + """return our implementation""" + if engine == "auto": + engine = get_option("io.parquet.engine") + + if engine == "auto": + # try engines in this order + engine_classes = [PyArrowImpl, FastParquetImpl] + + error_msgs = "" + for engine_class in engine_classes: + try: + return engine_class() + except ImportError as err: + error_msgs += "\n - " + str(err) + + raise ImportError( + "Unable to find a usable engine; " + "tried using: 'pyarrow', 'fastparquet'.\n" + "A suitable version of " + "pyarrow or fastparquet is required for parquet " + "support.\n" + "Trying to import the above resulted in these errors:" + f"{error_msgs}" + ) + + if engine == "pyarrow": + return PyArrowImpl() + elif engine == "fastparquet": + return FastParquetImpl() + + raise ValueError("engine must be one of 'pyarrow', 'fastparquet'") + + +def _get_path_or_handle( + path: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[bytes], + fs: Any, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + mode: str = "rb", + is_dir: bool = False, +) -> tuple[ + FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | WriteBuffer[bytes], IOHandles[bytes] | None, Any +]: + """File handling for PyArrow.""" + path_or_handle = stringify_path(path) + if fs is not None: + pa_fs = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow.fs", errors="ignore") + fsspec = import_optional_dependency("fsspec", errors="ignore") + if pa_fs is not None and isinstance(fs, pa_fs.FileSystem): + if storage_options: + raise NotImplementedError( + "storage_options not supported with a pyarrow FileSystem." + ) + elif fsspec is not None and isinstance(fs, fsspec.spec.AbstractFileSystem): + pass + else: + raise ValueError( + f"filesystem must be a pyarrow or fsspec FileSystem, " + f"not a {type(fs).__name__}" + ) + if is_fsspec_url(path_or_handle) and fs is None: + if storage_options is None: + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + pa_fs = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow.fs") + + try: + fs, path_or_handle = pa_fs.FileSystem.from_uri(path) + except (TypeError, pa.ArrowInvalid): + pass + if fs is None: + fsspec = import_optional_dependency("fsspec") + fs, path_or_handle = fsspec.core.url_to_fs( + path_or_handle, **(storage_options or {}) + ) + elif storage_options and (not is_url(path_or_handle) or mode != "rb"): + # can't write to a remote url + # without making use of fsspec at the moment + raise ValueError("storage_options passed with buffer, or non-supported URL") + + handles = None + if ( + not fs + and not is_dir + and isinstance(path_or_handle, str) + and not os.path.isdir(path_or_handle) + ): + # use get_handle only when we are very certain that it is not a directory + # fsspec resources can also point to directories + # this branch is used for example when reading from non-fsspec URLs + handles = get_handle( + path_or_handle, mode, is_text=False, storage_options=storage_options + ) + fs = None + path_or_handle = handles.handle + return path_or_handle, handles, fs + + +class BaseImpl: + @staticmethod + def validate_dataframe(df: DataFrame) -> None: + if not isinstance(df, DataFrame): + raise ValueError("to_parquet only supports IO with DataFrames") + + def write(self, df: DataFrame, path, compression, **kwargs): + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def read(self, path, columns=None, **kwargs) -> DataFrame: + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + +class PyArrowImpl(BaseImpl): + def __init__(self) -> None: + import_optional_dependency( + "pyarrow", extra="pyarrow is required for parquet support." + ) + import pyarrow.parquet + + # import utils to register the pyarrow extension types + import pandas.core.arrays.arrow.extension_types # pyright: ignore[reportUnusedImport] # noqa: F401 + + self.api = pyarrow + + def write( + self, + df: DataFrame, + path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + compression: str | None = "snappy", + index: bool | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + partition_cols: list[str] | None = None, + filesystem=None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + self.validate_dataframe(df) + + from_pandas_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {"schema": kwargs.pop("schema", None)} + if index is not None: + from_pandas_kwargs["preserve_index"] = index + + table = self.api.Table.from_pandas(df, **from_pandas_kwargs) + + if df.attrs: + df_metadata = {"PANDAS_ATTRS": json.dumps(df.attrs)} + existing_metadata = table.schema.metadata + merged_metadata = {**existing_metadata, **df_metadata} + table = table.replace_schema_metadata(merged_metadata) + + path_or_handle, handles, filesystem = _get_path_or_handle( + path, + filesystem, + storage_options=storage_options, + mode="wb", + is_dir=partition_cols is not None, + ) + if ( + isinstance(path_or_handle, io.BufferedWriter) + and hasattr(path_or_handle, "name") + and isinstance(path_or_handle.name, (str, bytes)) + ): + if isinstance(path_or_handle.name, bytes): + path_or_handle = path_or_handle.name.decode() + else: + path_or_handle = path_or_handle.name + + try: + if partition_cols is not None: + # writes to multiple files under the given path + self.api.parquet.write_to_dataset( + table, + path_or_handle, + compression=compression, + partition_cols=partition_cols, + filesystem=filesystem, + **kwargs, + ) + else: + # write to single output file + self.api.parquet.write_table( + table, + path_or_handle, + compression=compression, + filesystem=filesystem, + **kwargs, + ) + finally: + if handles is not None: + handles.close() + + def read( + self, + path, + columns=None, + filters=None, + use_nullable_dtypes: bool = False, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + filesystem=None, + **kwargs, + ) -> DataFrame: + kwargs["use_pandas_metadata"] = True + + to_pandas_kwargs = {} + if dtype_backend == "numpy_nullable": + from pandas.io._util import _arrow_dtype_mapping + + mapping = _arrow_dtype_mapping() + to_pandas_kwargs["types_mapper"] = mapping.get + elif dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + to_pandas_kwargs["types_mapper"] = pd.ArrowDtype # type: ignore[assignment] + elif using_pyarrow_string_dtype(): + to_pandas_kwargs["types_mapper"] = arrow_string_types_mapper() + + manager = _get_option("mode.data_manager", silent=True) + if manager == "array": + to_pandas_kwargs["split_blocks"] = True # type: ignore[assignment] + + path_or_handle, handles, filesystem = _get_path_or_handle( + path, + filesystem, + storage_options=storage_options, + mode="rb", + ) + try: + pa_table = self.api.parquet.read_table( + path_or_handle, + columns=columns, + filesystem=filesystem, + filters=filters, + **kwargs, + ) + result = pa_table.to_pandas(**to_pandas_kwargs) + + if manager == "array": + result = result._as_manager("array", copy=False) + + if pa_table.schema.metadata: + if b"PANDAS_ATTRS" in pa_table.schema.metadata: + df_metadata = pa_table.schema.metadata[b"PANDAS_ATTRS"] + result.attrs = json.loads(df_metadata) + return result + finally: + if handles is not None: + handles.close() + + +class FastParquetImpl(BaseImpl): + def __init__(self) -> None: + # since pandas is a dependency of fastparquet + # we need to import on first use + fastparquet = import_optional_dependency( + "fastparquet", extra="fastparquet is required for parquet support." + ) + self.api = fastparquet + + def write( + self, + df: DataFrame, + path, + compression: Literal["snappy", "gzip", "brotli"] | None = "snappy", + index=None, + partition_cols=None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + filesystem=None, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + self.validate_dataframe(df) + + if "partition_on" in kwargs and partition_cols is not None: + raise ValueError( + "Cannot use both partition_on and " + "partition_cols. Use partition_cols for partitioning data" + ) + if "partition_on" in kwargs: + partition_cols = kwargs.pop("partition_on") + + if partition_cols is not None: + kwargs["file_scheme"] = "hive" + + if filesystem is not None: + raise NotImplementedError( + "filesystem is not implemented for the fastparquet engine." + ) + + # cannot use get_handle as write() does not accept file buffers + path = stringify_path(path) + if is_fsspec_url(path): + fsspec = import_optional_dependency("fsspec") + + # if filesystem is provided by fsspec, file must be opened in 'wb' mode. + kwargs["open_with"] = lambda path, _: fsspec.open( + path, "wb", **(storage_options or {}) + ).open() + elif storage_options: + raise ValueError( + "storage_options passed with file object or non-fsspec file path" + ) + + with catch_warnings(record=True): + self.api.write( + path, + df, + compression=compression, + write_index=index, + partition_on=partition_cols, + **kwargs, + ) + + def read( + self, + path, + columns=None, + filters=None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + filesystem=None, + **kwargs, + ) -> DataFrame: + parquet_kwargs: dict[str, Any] = {} + use_nullable_dtypes = kwargs.pop("use_nullable_dtypes", False) + dtype_backend = kwargs.pop("dtype_backend", lib.no_default) + # We are disabling nullable dtypes for fastparquet pending discussion + parquet_kwargs["pandas_nulls"] = False + if use_nullable_dtypes: + raise ValueError( + "The 'use_nullable_dtypes' argument is not supported for the " + "fastparquet engine" + ) + if dtype_backend is not lib.no_default: + raise ValueError( + "The 'dtype_backend' argument is not supported for the " + "fastparquet engine" + ) + if filesystem is not None: + raise NotImplementedError( + "filesystem is not implemented for the fastparquet engine." + ) + path = stringify_path(path) + handles = None + if is_fsspec_url(path): + fsspec = import_optional_dependency("fsspec") + + parquet_kwargs["fs"] = fsspec.open(path, "rb", **(storage_options or {})).fs + elif isinstance(path, str) and not os.path.isdir(path): + # use get_handle only when we are very certain that it is not a directory + # fsspec resources can also point to directories + # this branch is used for example when reading from non-fsspec URLs + handles = get_handle( + path, "rb", is_text=False, storage_options=storage_options + ) + path = handles.handle + + try: + parquet_file = self.api.ParquetFile(path, **parquet_kwargs) + return parquet_file.to_pandas(columns=columns, filters=filters, **kwargs) + finally: + if handles is not None: + handles.close() + + +@doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) +def to_parquet( + df: DataFrame, + path: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + compression: str | None = "snappy", + index: bool | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + partition_cols: list[str] | None = None, + filesystem: Any = None, + **kwargs, +) -> bytes | None: + """ + Write a DataFrame to the parquet format. + + Parameters + ---------- + df : DataFrame + path : str, path object, file-like object, or None, default None + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``write()`` function. If None, the result is + returned as bytes. If a string, it will be used as Root Directory path + when writing a partitioned dataset. The engine fastparquet does not + accept file-like objects. + engine : {{'auto', 'pyarrow', 'fastparquet'}}, default 'auto' + Parquet library to use. If 'auto', then the option + ``io.parquet.engine`` is used. The default ``io.parquet.engine`` + behavior is to try 'pyarrow', falling back to 'fastparquet' if + 'pyarrow' is unavailable. + + When using the ``'pyarrow'`` engine and no storage options are provided + and a filesystem is implemented by both ``pyarrow.fs`` and ``fsspec`` + (e.g. "s3://"), then the ``pyarrow.fs`` filesystem is attempted first. + Use the filesystem keyword with an instantiated fsspec filesystem + if you wish to use its implementation. + compression : {{'snappy', 'gzip', 'brotli', 'lz4', 'zstd', None}}, + default 'snappy'. Name of the compression to use. Use ``None`` + for no compression. + index : bool, default None + If ``True``, include the dataframe's index(es) in the file output. If + ``False``, they will not be written to the file. + If ``None``, similar to ``True`` the dataframe's index(es) + will be saved. However, instead of being saved as values, + the RangeIndex will be stored as a range in the metadata so it + doesn't require much space and is faster. Other indexes will + be included as columns in the file output. + partition_cols : str or list, optional, default None + Column names by which to partition the dataset. + Columns are partitioned in the order they are given. + Must be None if path is not a string. + {storage_options} + + filesystem : fsspec or pyarrow filesystem, default None + Filesystem object to use when reading the parquet file. Only implemented + for ``engine="pyarrow"``. + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + + kwargs + Additional keyword arguments passed to the engine + + Returns + ------- + bytes if no path argument is provided else None + """ + if isinstance(partition_cols, str): + partition_cols = [partition_cols] + impl = get_engine(engine) + + path_or_buf: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes] = io.BytesIO() if path is None else path + + impl.write( + df, + path_or_buf, + compression=compression, + index=index, + partition_cols=partition_cols, + storage_options=storage_options, + filesystem=filesystem, + **kwargs, + ) + + if path is None: + assert isinstance(path_or_buf, io.BytesIO) + return path_or_buf.getvalue() + else: + return None + + +@doc(storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"]) +def read_parquet( + path: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes], + engine: str = "auto", + columns: list[str] | None = None, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + use_nullable_dtypes: bool | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + filesystem: Any = None, + filters: list[tuple] | list[list[tuple]] | None = None, + **kwargs, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Load a parquet object from the file path, returning a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : str, path object or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``read()`` function. + The string could be a URL. Valid URL schemes include http, ftp, s3, + gs, and file. For file URLs, a host is expected. A local file could be: + ``file://localhost/path/to/table.parquet``. + A file URL can also be a path to a directory that contains multiple + partitioned parquet files. Both pyarrow and fastparquet support + paths to directories as well as file URLs. A directory path could be: + ``file://localhost/path/to/tables`` or ``s3://bucket/partition_dir``. + engine : {{'auto', 'pyarrow', 'fastparquet'}}, default 'auto' + Parquet library to use. If 'auto', then the option + ``io.parquet.engine`` is used. The default ``io.parquet.engine`` + behavior is to try 'pyarrow', falling back to 'fastparquet' if + 'pyarrow' is unavailable. + + When using the ``'pyarrow'`` engine and no storage options are provided + and a filesystem is implemented by both ``pyarrow.fs`` and ``fsspec`` + (e.g. "s3://"), then the ``pyarrow.fs`` filesystem is attempted first. + Use the filesystem keyword with an instantiated fsspec filesystem + if you wish to use its implementation. + columns : list, default=None + If not None, only these columns will be read from the file. + {storage_options} + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + use_nullable_dtypes : bool, default False + If True, use dtypes that use ``pd.NA`` as missing value indicator + for the resulting DataFrame. (only applicable for the ``pyarrow`` + engine) + As new dtypes are added that support ``pd.NA`` in the future, the + output with this option will change to use those dtypes. + Note: this is an experimental option, and behaviour (e.g. additional + support dtypes) may change without notice. + + .. deprecated:: 2.0 + + dtype_backend : {{'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + filesystem : fsspec or pyarrow filesystem, default None + Filesystem object to use when reading the parquet file. Only implemented + for ``engine="pyarrow"``. + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + + filters : List[Tuple] or List[List[Tuple]], default None + To filter out data. + Filter syntax: [[(column, op, val), ...],...] + where op is [==, =, >, >=, <, <=, !=, in, not in] + The innermost tuples are transposed into a set of filters applied + through an `AND` operation. + The outer list combines these sets of filters through an `OR` + operation. + A single list of tuples can also be used, meaning that no `OR` + operation between set of filters is to be conducted. + + Using this argument will NOT result in row-wise filtering of the final + partitions unless ``engine="pyarrow"`` is also specified. For + other engines, filtering is only performed at the partition level, that is, + to prevent the loading of some row-groups and/or files. + + .. versionadded:: 2.1.0 + + **kwargs + Any additional kwargs are passed to the engine. + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + See Also + -------- + DataFrame.to_parquet : Create a parquet object that serializes a DataFrame. + + Examples + -------- + >>> original_df = pd.DataFrame( + ... {{"foo": range(5), "bar": range(5, 10)}} + ... ) + >>> original_df + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + >>> df_parquet_bytes = original_df.to_parquet() + >>> from io import BytesIO + >>> restored_df = pd.read_parquet(BytesIO(df_parquet_bytes)) + >>> restored_df + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + >>> restored_df.equals(original_df) + True + >>> restored_bar = pd.read_parquet(BytesIO(df_parquet_bytes), columns=["bar"]) + >>> restored_bar + bar + 0 5 + 1 6 + 2 7 + 3 8 + 4 9 + >>> restored_bar.equals(original_df[['bar']]) + True + + The function uses `kwargs` that are passed directly to the engine. + In the following example, we use the `filters` argument of the pyarrow + engine to filter the rows of the DataFrame. + + Since `pyarrow` is the default engine, we can omit the `engine` argument. + Note that the `filters` argument is implemented by the `pyarrow` engine, + which can benefit from multithreading and also potentially be more + economical in terms of memory. + + >>> sel = [("foo", ">", 2)] + >>> restored_part = pd.read_parquet(BytesIO(df_parquet_bytes), filters=sel) + >>> restored_part + foo bar + 0 3 8 + 1 4 9 + """ + + impl = get_engine(engine) + + if use_nullable_dtypes is not lib.no_default: + msg = ( + "The argument 'use_nullable_dtypes' is deprecated and will be removed " + "in a future version." + ) + if use_nullable_dtypes is True: + msg += ( + "Use dtype_backend='numpy_nullable' instead of use_nullable_dtype=True." + ) + warnings.warn(msg, FutureWarning, stacklevel=find_stack_level()) + else: + use_nullable_dtypes = False + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + return impl.read( + path, + columns=columns, + filters=filters, + storage_options=storage_options, + use_nullable_dtypes=use_nullable_dtypes, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + filesystem=filesystem, + **kwargs, + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/pickle.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/pickle.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..0dae0e7106b69a471f0c2702158cfe0f11f0389c --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/pickle.py @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ +""" pickle compat """ +from __future__ import annotations + +import pickle +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, +) +import warnings + +from pandas.compat import pickle_compat as pc +from pandas.util._decorators import doc + +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.common import get_handle + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + ReadPickleBuffer, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + + from pandas import ( + DataFrame, + Series, + ) + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "filepath_or_buffer", +) +def to_pickle( + obj: Any, + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + protocol: int = pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL, + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, +) -> None: + """ + Pickle (serialize) object to file. + + Parameters + ---------- + obj : any object + Any python object. + filepath_or_buffer : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``write()`` function. + Also accepts URL. URL has to be of S3 or GCS. + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + protocol : int + Int which indicates which protocol should be used by the pickler, + default HIGHEST_PROTOCOL (see [1], paragraph 12.1.2). The possible + values for this parameter depend on the version of Python. For Python + 2.x, possible values are 0, 1, 2. For Python>=3.0, 3 is a valid value. + For Python >= 3.4, 4 is a valid value. A negative value for the + protocol parameter is equivalent to setting its value to + HIGHEST_PROTOCOL. + + {storage_options} + + .. [1] https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html + + See Also + -------- + read_pickle : Load pickled pandas object (or any object) from file. + DataFrame.to_hdf : Write DataFrame to an HDF5 file. + DataFrame.to_sql : Write DataFrame to a SQL database. + DataFrame.to_parquet : Write a DataFrame to the binary parquet format. + + Examples + -------- + >>> original_df = pd.DataFrame({{"foo": range(5), "bar": range(5, 10)}}) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> original_df # doctest: +SKIP + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + >>> pd.to_pickle(original_df, "./dummy.pkl") # doctest: +SKIP + + >>> unpickled_df = pd.read_pickle("./dummy.pkl") # doctest: +SKIP + >>> unpickled_df # doctest: +SKIP + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + """ # noqa: E501 + if protocol < 0: + protocol = pickle.HIGHEST_PROTOCOL + + with get_handle( + filepath_or_buffer, + "wb", + compression=compression, + is_text=False, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) as handles: + # letting pickle write directly to the buffer is more memory-efficient + pickle.dump(obj, handles.handle, protocol=protocol) + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + decompression_options=_shared_docs["decompression_options"] % "filepath_or_buffer", +) +def read_pickle( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | ReadPickleBuffer, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, +) -> DataFrame | Series: + """ + Load pickled pandas object (or any object) from file. + + .. warning:: + + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be + unsafe. See `here `__. + + Parameters + ---------- + filepath_or_buffer : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a binary ``readlines()`` function. + Also accepts URL. URL is not limited to S3 and GCS. + + {decompression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + {storage_options} + + Returns + ------- + same type as object stored in file + + See Also + -------- + DataFrame.to_pickle : Pickle (serialize) DataFrame object to file. + Series.to_pickle : Pickle (serialize) Series object to file. + read_hdf : Read HDF5 file into a DataFrame. + read_sql : Read SQL query or database table into a DataFrame. + read_parquet : Load a parquet object, returning a DataFrame. + + Notes + ----- + read_pickle is only guaranteed to be backwards compatible to pandas 0.20.3 + provided the object was serialized with to_pickle. + + Examples + -------- + >>> original_df = pd.DataFrame( + ... {{"foo": range(5), "bar": range(5, 10)}} + ... ) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> original_df # doctest: +SKIP + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + >>> pd.to_pickle(original_df, "./dummy.pkl") # doctest: +SKIP + + >>> unpickled_df = pd.read_pickle("./dummy.pkl") # doctest: +SKIP + >>> unpickled_df # doctest: +SKIP + foo bar + 0 0 5 + 1 1 6 + 2 2 7 + 3 3 8 + 4 4 9 + """ + excs_to_catch = (AttributeError, ImportError, ModuleNotFoundError, TypeError) + with get_handle( + filepath_or_buffer, + "rb", + compression=compression, + is_text=False, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) as handles: + # 1) try standard library Pickle + # 2) try pickle_compat (older pandas version) to handle subclass changes + # 3) try pickle_compat with latin-1 encoding upon a UnicodeDecodeError + + try: + # TypeError for Cython complaints about object.__new__ vs Tick.__new__ + try: + with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True): + # We want to silence any warnings about, e.g. moved modules. + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", Warning) + return pickle.load(handles.handle) + except excs_to_catch: + # e.g. + # "No module named 'pandas.core.sparse.series'" + # "Can't get attribute '__nat_unpickle' on str: + # set the encoding if we need + if encoding is None: + encoding = _default_encoding + + return encoding + + +def _ensure_str(name): + """ + Ensure that an index / column name is a str (python 3); otherwise they + may be np.string dtype. Non-string dtypes are passed through unchanged. + + https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/13492 + """ + if isinstance(name, str): + name = str(name) + return name + + +Term = PyTablesExpr + + +def _ensure_term(where, scope_level: int): + """ + Ensure that the where is a Term or a list of Term. + + This makes sure that we are capturing the scope of variables that are + passed create the terms here with a frame_level=2 (we are 2 levels down) + """ + # only consider list/tuple here as an ndarray is automatically a coordinate + # list + level = scope_level + 1 + if isinstance(where, (list, tuple)): + where = [ + Term(term, scope_level=level + 1) if maybe_expression(term) else term + for term in where + if term is not None + ] + elif maybe_expression(where): + where = Term(where, scope_level=level) + return where if where is None or len(where) else None + + +incompatibility_doc: Final = """ +where criteria is being ignored as this version [%s] is too old (or +not-defined), read the file in and write it out to a new file to upgrade (with +the copy_to method) +""" + +attribute_conflict_doc: Final = """ +the [%s] attribute of the existing index is [%s] which conflicts with the new +[%s], resetting the attribute to None +""" + +performance_doc: Final = """ +your performance may suffer as PyTables will pickle object types that it cannot +map directly to c-types [inferred_type->%s,key->%s] [items->%s] +""" + +# formats +_FORMAT_MAP = {"f": "fixed", "fixed": "fixed", "t": "table", "table": "table"} + +# axes map +_AXES_MAP = {DataFrame: [0]} + +# register our configuration options +dropna_doc: Final = """ +: boolean + drop ALL nan rows when appending to a table +""" +format_doc: Final = """ +: format + default format writing format, if None, then + put will default to 'fixed' and append will default to 'table' +""" + +with config.config_prefix("io.hdf"): + config.register_option("dropna_table", False, dropna_doc, validator=config.is_bool) + config.register_option( + "default_format", + None, + format_doc, + validator=config.is_one_of_factory(["fixed", "table", None]), + ) + +# oh the troubles to reduce import time +_table_mod = None +_table_file_open_policy_is_strict = False + + +def _tables(): + global _table_mod + global _table_file_open_policy_is_strict + if _table_mod is None: + import tables + + _table_mod = tables + + # set the file open policy + # return the file open policy; this changes as of pytables 3.1 + # depending on the HDF5 version + with suppress(AttributeError): + _table_file_open_policy_is_strict = ( + tables.file._FILE_OPEN_POLICY == "strict" + ) + + return _table_mod + + +# interface to/from ### + + +def to_hdf( + path_or_buf: FilePath | HDFStore, + key: str, + value: DataFrame | Series, + mode: str = "a", + complevel: int | None = None, + complib: str | None = None, + append: bool = False, + format: str | None = None, + index: bool = True, + min_itemsize: int | dict[str, int] | None = None, + nan_rep=None, + dropna: bool | None = None, + data_columns: Literal[True] | list[str] | None = None, + errors: str = "strict", + encoding: str = "UTF-8", +) -> None: + """store this object, close it if we opened it""" + if append: + f = lambda store: store.append( + key, + value, + format=format, + index=index, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + dropna=dropna, + data_columns=data_columns, + errors=errors, + encoding=encoding, + ) + else: + # NB: dropna is not passed to `put` + f = lambda store: store.put( + key, + value, + format=format, + index=index, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + data_columns=data_columns, + errors=errors, + encoding=encoding, + dropna=dropna, + ) + + path_or_buf = stringify_path(path_or_buf) + if isinstance(path_or_buf, str): + with HDFStore( + path_or_buf, mode=mode, complevel=complevel, complib=complib + ) as store: + f(store) + else: + f(path_or_buf) + + +def read_hdf( + path_or_buf: FilePath | HDFStore, + key=None, + mode: str = "r", + errors: str = "strict", + where: str | list | None = None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + columns: list[str] | None = None, + iterator: bool = False, + chunksize: int | None = None, + **kwargs, +): + """ + Read from the store, close it if we opened it. + + Retrieve pandas object stored in file, optionally based on where + criteria. + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_buf : str, path object, pandas.HDFStore + Any valid string path is acceptable. Only supports the local file system, + remote URLs and file-like objects are not supported. + + If you want to pass in a path object, pandas accepts any + ``os.PathLike``. + + Alternatively, pandas accepts an open :class:`pandas.HDFStore` object. + + key : object, optional + The group identifier in the store. Can be omitted if the HDF file + contains a single pandas object. + mode : {'r', 'r+', 'a'}, default 'r' + Mode to use when opening the file. Ignored if path_or_buf is a + :class:`pandas.HDFStore`. Default is 'r'. + errors : str, default 'strict' + Specifies how encoding and decoding errors are to be handled. + See the errors argument for :func:`open` for a full list + of options. + where : list, optional + A list of Term (or convertible) objects. + start : int, optional + Row number to start selection. + stop : int, optional + Row number to stop selection. + columns : list, optional + A list of columns names to return. + iterator : bool, optional + Return an iterator object. + chunksize : int, optional + Number of rows to include in an iteration when using an iterator. + **kwargs + Additional keyword arguments passed to HDFStore. + + Returns + ------- + object + The selected object. Return type depends on the object stored. + + See Also + -------- + DataFrame.to_hdf : Write a HDF file from a DataFrame. + HDFStore : Low-level access to HDF files. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 1.0, 'a']], columns=['x', 'y', 'z']) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df.to_hdf('./store.h5', 'data') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> reread = pd.read_hdf('./store.h5') # doctest: +SKIP + """ + if mode not in ["r", "r+", "a"]: + raise ValueError( + f"mode {mode} is not allowed while performing a read. " + f"Allowed modes are r, r+ and a." + ) + # grab the scope + if where is not None: + where = _ensure_term(where, scope_level=1) + + if isinstance(path_or_buf, HDFStore): + if not path_or_buf.is_open: + raise OSError("The HDFStore must be open for reading.") + + store = path_or_buf + auto_close = False + else: + path_or_buf = stringify_path(path_or_buf) + if not isinstance(path_or_buf, str): + raise NotImplementedError( + "Support for generic buffers has not been implemented." + ) + try: + exists = os.path.exists(path_or_buf) + + # if filepath is too long + except (TypeError, ValueError): + exists = False + + if not exists: + raise FileNotFoundError(f"File {path_or_buf} does not exist") + + store = HDFStore(path_or_buf, mode=mode, errors=errors, **kwargs) + # can't auto open/close if we are using an iterator + # so delegate to the iterator + auto_close = True + + try: + if key is None: + groups = store.groups() + if len(groups) == 0: + raise ValueError( + "Dataset(s) incompatible with Pandas data types, " + "not table, or no datasets found in HDF5 file." + ) + candidate_only_group = groups[0] + + # For the HDF file to have only one dataset, all other groups + # should then be metadata groups for that candidate group. (This + # assumes that the groups() method enumerates parent groups + # before their children.) + for group_to_check in groups[1:]: + if not _is_metadata_of(group_to_check, candidate_only_group): + raise ValueError( + "key must be provided when HDF5 " + "file contains multiple datasets." + ) + key = candidate_only_group._v_pathname + return store.select( + key, + where=where, + start=start, + stop=stop, + columns=columns, + iterator=iterator, + chunksize=chunksize, + auto_close=auto_close, + ) + except (ValueError, TypeError, LookupError): + if not isinstance(path_or_buf, HDFStore): + # if there is an error, close the store if we opened it. + with suppress(AttributeError): + store.close() + + raise + + +def _is_metadata_of(group: Node, parent_group: Node) -> bool: + """Check if a given group is a metadata group for a given parent_group.""" + if group._v_depth <= parent_group._v_depth: + return False + + current = group + while current._v_depth > 1: + parent = current._v_parent + if parent == parent_group and current._v_name == "meta": + return True + current = current._v_parent + return False + + +class HDFStore: + """ + Dict-like IO interface for storing pandas objects in PyTables. + + Either Fixed or Table format. + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : str + File path to HDF5 file. + mode : {'a', 'w', 'r', 'r+'}, default 'a' + + ``'r'`` + Read-only; no data can be modified. + ``'w'`` + Write; a new file is created (an existing file with the same + name would be deleted). + ``'a'`` + Append; an existing file is opened for reading and writing, + and if the file does not exist it is created. + ``'r+'`` + It is similar to ``'a'``, but the file must already exist. + complevel : int, 0-9, default None + Specifies a compression level for data. + A value of 0 or None disables compression. + complib : {'zlib', 'lzo', 'bzip2', 'blosc'}, default 'zlib' + Specifies the compression library to be used. + These additional compressors for Blosc are supported + (default if no compressor specified: 'blosc:blosclz'): + {'blosc:blosclz', 'blosc:lz4', 'blosc:lz4hc', 'blosc:snappy', + 'blosc:zlib', 'blosc:zstd'}. + Specifying a compression library which is not available issues + a ValueError. + fletcher32 : bool, default False + If applying compression use the fletcher32 checksum. + **kwargs + These parameters will be passed to the PyTables open_file method. + + Examples + -------- + >>> bar = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(10, 4)) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore('test.h5') + >>> store['foo'] = bar # write to HDF5 + >>> bar = store['foo'] # retrieve + >>> store.close() + + **Create or load HDF5 file in-memory** + + When passing the `driver` option to the PyTables open_file method through + **kwargs, the HDF5 file is loaded or created in-memory and will only be + written when closed: + + >>> bar = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(10, 4)) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore('test.h5', driver='H5FD_CORE') + >>> store['foo'] = bar + >>> store.close() # only now, data is written to disk + """ + + _handle: File | None + _mode: str + + def __init__( + self, + path, + mode: str = "a", + complevel: int | None = None, + complib=None, + fletcher32: bool = False, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + if "format" in kwargs: + raise ValueError("format is not a defined argument for HDFStore") + + tables = import_optional_dependency("tables") + + if complib is not None and complib not in tables.filters.all_complibs: + raise ValueError( + f"complib only supports {tables.filters.all_complibs} compression." + ) + + if complib is None and complevel is not None: + complib = tables.filters.default_complib + + self._path = stringify_path(path) + if mode is None: + mode = "a" + self._mode = mode + self._handle = None + self._complevel = complevel if complevel else 0 + self._complib = complib + self._fletcher32 = fletcher32 + self._filters = None + self.open(mode=mode, **kwargs) + + def __fspath__(self) -> str: + return self._path + + @property + def root(self): + """return the root node""" + self._check_if_open() + assert self._handle is not None # for mypy + return self._handle.root + + @property + def filename(self) -> str: + return self._path + + def __getitem__(self, key: str): + return self.get(key) + + def __setitem__(self, key: str, value) -> None: + self.put(key, value) + + def __delitem__(self, key: str) -> None: + return self.remove(key) + + def __getattr__(self, name: str): + """allow attribute access to get stores""" + try: + return self.get(name) + except (KeyError, ClosedFileError): + pass + raise AttributeError( + f"'{type(self).__name__}' object has no attribute '{name}'" + ) + + def __contains__(self, key: str) -> bool: + """ + check for existence of this key + can match the exact pathname or the pathnm w/o the leading '/' + """ + node = self.get_node(key) + if node is not None: + name = node._v_pathname + if key in (name, name[1:]): + return True + return False + + def __len__(self) -> int: + return len(self.groups()) + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + pstr = pprint_thing(self._path) + return f"{type(self)}\nFile path: {pstr}\n" + + def __enter__(self) -> Self: + return self + + def __exit__( + self, + exc_type: type[BaseException] | None, + exc_value: BaseException | None, + traceback: TracebackType | None, + ) -> None: + self.close() + + def keys(self, include: str = "pandas") -> list[str]: + """ + Return a list of keys corresponding to objects stored in HDFStore. + + Parameters + ---------- + + include : str, default 'pandas' + When kind equals 'pandas' return pandas objects. + When kind equals 'native' return native HDF5 Table objects. + + Returns + ------- + list + List of ABSOLUTE path-names (e.g. have the leading '/'). + + Raises + ------ + raises ValueError if kind has an illegal value + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.get('data') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> print(store.keys()) # doctest: +SKIP + ['/data1', '/data2'] + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + """ + if include == "pandas": + return [n._v_pathname for n in self.groups()] + + elif include == "native": + assert self._handle is not None # mypy + return [ + n._v_pathname for n in self._handle.walk_nodes("/", classname="Table") + ] + raise ValueError( + f"`include` should be either 'pandas' or 'native' but is '{include}'" + ) + + def __iter__(self) -> Iterator[str]: + return iter(self.keys()) + + def items(self) -> Iterator[tuple[str, list]]: + """ + iterate on key->group + """ + for g in self.groups(): + yield g._v_pathname, g + + def open(self, mode: str = "a", **kwargs) -> None: + """ + Open the file in the specified mode + + Parameters + ---------- + mode : {'a', 'w', 'r', 'r+'}, default 'a' + See HDFStore docstring or tables.open_file for info about modes + **kwargs + These parameters will be passed to the PyTables open_file method. + """ + tables = _tables() + + if self._mode != mode: + # if we are changing a write mode to read, ok + if self._mode in ["a", "w"] and mode in ["r", "r+"]: + pass + elif mode in ["w"]: + # this would truncate, raise here + if self.is_open: + raise PossibleDataLossError( + f"Re-opening the file [{self._path}] with mode [{self._mode}] " + "will delete the current file!" + ) + + self._mode = mode + + # close and reopen the handle + if self.is_open: + self.close() + + if self._complevel and self._complevel > 0: + self._filters = _tables().Filters( + self._complevel, self._complib, fletcher32=self._fletcher32 + ) + + if _table_file_open_policy_is_strict and self.is_open: + msg = ( + "Cannot open HDF5 file, which is already opened, " + "even in read-only mode." + ) + raise ValueError(msg) + + self._handle = tables.open_file(self._path, self._mode, **kwargs) + + def close(self) -> None: + """ + Close the PyTables file handle + """ + if self._handle is not None: + self._handle.close() + self._handle = None + + @property + def is_open(self) -> bool: + """ + return a boolean indicating whether the file is open + """ + if self._handle is None: + return False + return bool(self._handle.isopen) + + def flush(self, fsync: bool = False) -> None: + """ + Force all buffered modifications to be written to disk. + + Parameters + ---------- + fsync : bool (default False) + call ``os.fsync()`` on the file handle to force writing to disk. + + Notes + ----- + Without ``fsync=True``, flushing may not guarantee that the OS writes + to disk. With fsync, the operation will block until the OS claims the + file has been written; however, other caching layers may still + interfere. + """ + if self._handle is not None: + self._handle.flush() + if fsync: + with suppress(OSError): + os.fsync(self._handle.fileno()) + + def get(self, key: str): + """ + Retrieve pandas object stored in file. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + + Returns + ------- + object + Same type as object stored in file. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.get('data') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + """ + with patch_pickle(): + # GH#31167 Without this patch, pickle doesn't know how to unpickle + # old DateOffset objects now that they are cdef classes. + group = self.get_node(key) + if group is None: + raise KeyError(f"No object named {key} in the file") + return self._read_group(group) + + def select( + self, + key: str, + where=None, + start=None, + stop=None, + columns=None, + iterator: bool = False, + chunksize: int | None = None, + auto_close: bool = False, + ): + """ + Retrieve pandas object stored in file, optionally based on where criteria. + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + Object being retrieved from file. + where : list or None + List of Term (or convertible) objects, optional. + start : int or None + Row number to start selection. + stop : int, default None + Row number to stop selection. + columns : list or None + A list of columns that if not None, will limit the return columns. + iterator : bool or False + Returns an iterator. + chunksize : int or None + Number or rows to include in iteration, return an iterator. + auto_close : bool or False + Should automatically close the store when finished. + + Returns + ------- + object + Retrieved object from file. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.get('data') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> print(store.keys()) # doctest: +SKIP + ['/data1', '/data2'] + >>> store.select('/data1') # doctest: +SKIP + A B + 0 1 2 + 1 3 4 + >>> store.select('/data1', where='columns == A') # doctest: +SKIP + A + 0 1 + 1 3 + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + """ + group = self.get_node(key) + if group is None: + raise KeyError(f"No object named {key} in the file") + + # create the storer and axes + where = _ensure_term(where, scope_level=1) + s = self._create_storer(group) + s.infer_axes() + + # function to call on iteration + def func(_start, _stop, _where): + return s.read(start=_start, stop=_stop, where=_where, columns=columns) + + # create the iterator + it = TableIterator( + self, + s, + func, + where=where, + nrows=s.nrows, + start=start, + stop=stop, + iterator=iterator, + chunksize=chunksize, + auto_close=auto_close, + ) + + return it.get_result() + + def select_as_coordinates( + self, + key: str, + where=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + """ + return the selection as an Index + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + where : list of Term (or convertible) objects, optional + start : integer (defaults to None), row number to start selection + stop : integer (defaults to None), row number to stop selection + """ + where = _ensure_term(where, scope_level=1) + tbl = self.get_storer(key) + if not isinstance(tbl, Table): + raise TypeError("can only read_coordinates with a table") + return tbl.read_coordinates(where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + + def select_column( + self, + key: str, + column: str, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + """ + return a single column from the table. This is generally only useful to + select an indexable + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + column : str + The column of interest. + start : int or None, default None + stop : int or None, default None + + Raises + ------ + raises KeyError if the column is not found (or key is not a valid + store) + raises ValueError if the column can not be extracted individually (it + is part of a data block) + + """ + tbl = self.get_storer(key) + if not isinstance(tbl, Table): + raise TypeError("can only read_column with a table") + return tbl.read_column(column=column, start=start, stop=stop) + + def select_as_multiple( + self, + keys, + where=None, + selector=None, + columns=None, + start=None, + stop=None, + iterator: bool = False, + chunksize: int | None = None, + auto_close: bool = False, + ): + """ + Retrieve pandas objects from multiple tables. + + .. warning:: + + Pandas uses PyTables for reading and writing HDF5 files, which allows + serializing object-dtype data with pickle when using the "fixed" format. + Loading pickled data received from untrusted sources can be unsafe. + + See: https://docs.python.org/3/library/pickle.html for more. + + Parameters + ---------- + keys : a list of the tables + selector : the table to apply the where criteria (defaults to keys[0] + if not supplied) + columns : the columns I want back + start : integer (defaults to None), row number to start selection + stop : integer (defaults to None), row number to stop selection + iterator : bool, return an iterator, default False + chunksize : nrows to include in iteration, return an iterator + auto_close : bool, default False + Should automatically close the store when finished. + + Raises + ------ + raises KeyError if keys or selector is not found or keys is empty + raises TypeError if keys is not a list or tuple + raises ValueError if the tables are not ALL THE SAME DIMENSIONS + """ + # default to single select + where = _ensure_term(where, scope_level=1) + if isinstance(keys, (list, tuple)) and len(keys) == 1: + keys = keys[0] + if isinstance(keys, str): + return self.select( + key=keys, + where=where, + columns=columns, + start=start, + stop=stop, + iterator=iterator, + chunksize=chunksize, + auto_close=auto_close, + ) + + if not isinstance(keys, (list, tuple)): + raise TypeError("keys must be a list/tuple") + + if not len(keys): + raise ValueError("keys must have a non-zero length") + + if selector is None: + selector = keys[0] + + # collect the tables + tbls = [self.get_storer(k) for k in keys] + s = self.get_storer(selector) + + # validate rows + nrows = None + for t, k in itertools.chain([(s, selector)], zip(tbls, keys)): + if t is None: + raise KeyError(f"Invalid table [{k}]") + if not t.is_table: + raise TypeError( + f"object [{t.pathname}] is not a table, and cannot be used in all " + "select as multiple" + ) + + if nrows is None: + nrows = t.nrows + elif t.nrows != nrows: + raise ValueError("all tables must have exactly the same nrows!") + + # The isinstance checks here are redundant with the check above, + # but necessary for mypy; see GH#29757 + _tbls = [x for x in tbls if isinstance(x, Table)] + + # axis is the concentration axes + axis = {t.non_index_axes[0][0] for t in _tbls}.pop() + + def func(_start, _stop, _where): + # retrieve the objs, _where is always passed as a set of + # coordinates here + objs = [ + t.read(where=_where, columns=columns, start=_start, stop=_stop) + for t in tbls + ] + + # concat and return + return concat(objs, axis=axis, verify_integrity=False)._consolidate() + + # create the iterator + it = TableIterator( + self, + s, + func, + where=where, + nrows=nrows, + start=start, + stop=stop, + iterator=iterator, + chunksize=chunksize, + auto_close=auto_close, + ) + + return it.get_result(coordinates=True) + + def put( + self, + key: str, + value: DataFrame | Series, + format=None, + index: bool = True, + append: bool = False, + complib=None, + complevel: int | None = None, + min_itemsize: int | dict[str, int] | None = None, + nan_rep=None, + data_columns: Literal[True] | list[str] | None = None, + encoding=None, + errors: str = "strict", + track_times: bool = True, + dropna: bool = False, + ) -> None: + """ + Store object in HDFStore. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + value : {Series, DataFrame} + format : 'fixed(f)|table(t)', default is 'fixed' + Format to use when storing object in HDFStore. Value can be one of: + + ``'fixed'`` + Fixed format. Fast writing/reading. Not-appendable, nor searchable. + ``'table'`` + Table format. Write as a PyTables Table structure which may perform + worse but allow more flexible operations like searching / selecting + subsets of the data. + index : bool, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column. + append : bool, default False + This will force Table format, append the input data to the existing. + data_columns : list of columns or True, default None + List of columns to create as data columns, or True to use all columns. + See `here + `__. + encoding : str, default None + Provide an encoding for strings. + track_times : bool, default True + Parameter is propagated to 'create_table' method of 'PyTables'. + If set to False it enables to have the same h5 files (same hashes) + independent on creation time. + dropna : bool, default False, optional + Remove missing values. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + """ + if format is None: + format = get_option("io.hdf.default_format") or "fixed" + format = self._validate_format(format) + self._write_to_group( + key, + value, + format=format, + index=index, + append=append, + complib=complib, + complevel=complevel, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + data_columns=data_columns, + encoding=encoding, + errors=errors, + track_times=track_times, + dropna=dropna, + ) + + def remove(self, key: str, where=None, start=None, stop=None) -> None: + """ + Remove pandas object partially by specifying the where condition + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + Node to remove or delete rows from + where : list of Term (or convertible) objects, optional + start : integer (defaults to None), row number to start selection + stop : integer (defaults to None), row number to stop selection + + Returns + ------- + number of rows removed (or None if not a Table) + + Raises + ------ + raises KeyError if key is not a valid store + + """ + where = _ensure_term(where, scope_level=1) + try: + s = self.get_storer(key) + except KeyError: + # the key is not a valid store, re-raising KeyError + raise + except AssertionError: + # surface any assertion errors for e.g. debugging + raise + except Exception as err: + # In tests we get here with ClosedFileError, TypeError, and + # _table_mod.NoSuchNodeError. TODO: Catch only these? + + if where is not None: + raise ValueError( + "trying to remove a node with a non-None where clause!" + ) from err + + # we are actually trying to remove a node (with children) + node = self.get_node(key) + if node is not None: + node._f_remove(recursive=True) + return None + + # remove the node + if com.all_none(where, start, stop): + s.group._f_remove(recursive=True) + + # delete from the table + else: + if not s.is_table: + raise ValueError( + "can only remove with where on objects written as tables" + ) + return s.delete(where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + + def append( + self, + key: str, + value: DataFrame | Series, + format=None, + axes=None, + index: bool | list[str] = True, + append: bool = True, + complib=None, + complevel: int | None = None, + columns=None, + min_itemsize: int | dict[str, int] | None = None, + nan_rep=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + expectedrows=None, + dropna: bool | None = None, + data_columns: Literal[True] | list[str] | None = None, + encoding=None, + errors: str = "strict", + ) -> None: + """ + Append to Table in file. + + Node must already exist and be Table format. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + value : {Series, DataFrame} + format : 'table' is the default + Format to use when storing object in HDFStore. Value can be one of: + + ``'table'`` + Table format. Write as a PyTables Table structure which may perform + worse but allow more flexible operations like searching / selecting + subsets of the data. + index : bool, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column. + append : bool, default True + Append the input data to the existing. + data_columns : list of columns, or True, default None + List of columns to create as indexed data columns for on-disk + queries, or True to use all columns. By default only the axes + of the object are indexed. See `here + `__. + min_itemsize : dict of columns that specify minimum str sizes + nan_rep : str to use as str nan representation + chunksize : size to chunk the writing + expectedrows : expected TOTAL row size of this table + encoding : default None, provide an encoding for str + dropna : bool, default False, optional + Do not write an ALL nan row to the store settable + by the option 'io.hdf.dropna_table'. + + Notes + ----- + Does *not* check if data being appended overlaps with existing + data in the table, so be careful + + Examples + -------- + >>> df1 = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df1, format='table') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df2 = pd.DataFrame([[5, 6], [7, 8]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store.append('data', df2) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + A B + 0 1 2 + 1 3 4 + 0 5 6 + 1 7 8 + """ + if columns is not None: + raise TypeError( + "columns is not a supported keyword in append, try data_columns" + ) + + if dropna is None: + dropna = get_option("io.hdf.dropna_table") + if format is None: + format = get_option("io.hdf.default_format") or "table" + format = self._validate_format(format) + self._write_to_group( + key, + value, + format=format, + axes=axes, + index=index, + append=append, + complib=complib, + complevel=complevel, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + chunksize=chunksize, + expectedrows=expectedrows, + dropna=dropna, + data_columns=data_columns, + encoding=encoding, + errors=errors, + ) + + def append_to_multiple( + self, + d: dict, + value, + selector, + data_columns=None, + axes=None, + dropna: bool = False, + **kwargs, + ) -> None: + """ + Append to multiple tables + + Parameters + ---------- + d : a dict of table_name to table_columns, None is acceptable as the + values of one node (this will get all the remaining columns) + value : a pandas object + selector : a string that designates the indexable table; all of its + columns will be designed as data_columns, unless data_columns is + passed, in which case these are used + data_columns : list of columns to create as data columns, or True to + use all columns + dropna : if evaluates to True, drop rows from all tables if any single + row in each table has all NaN. Default False. + + Notes + ----- + axes parameter is currently not accepted + + """ + if axes is not None: + raise TypeError( + "axes is currently not accepted as a parameter to append_to_multiple; " + "you can create the tables independently instead" + ) + + if not isinstance(d, dict): + raise ValueError( + "append_to_multiple must have a dictionary specified as the " + "way to split the value" + ) + + if selector not in d: + raise ValueError( + "append_to_multiple requires a selector that is in passed dict" + ) + + # figure out the splitting axis (the non_index_axis) + axis = next(iter(set(range(value.ndim)) - set(_AXES_MAP[type(value)]))) + + # figure out how to split the value + remain_key = None + remain_values: list = [] + for k, v in d.items(): + if v is None: + if remain_key is not None: + raise ValueError( + "append_to_multiple can only have one value in d that is None" + ) + remain_key = k + else: + remain_values.extend(v) + if remain_key is not None: + ordered = value.axes[axis] + ordd = ordered.difference(Index(remain_values)) + ordd = sorted(ordered.get_indexer(ordd)) + d[remain_key] = ordered.take(ordd) + + # data_columns + if data_columns is None: + data_columns = d[selector] + + # ensure rows are synchronized across the tables + if dropna: + idxs = (value[cols].dropna(how="all").index for cols in d.values()) + valid_index = next(idxs) + for index in idxs: + valid_index = valid_index.intersection(index) + value = value.loc[valid_index] + + min_itemsize = kwargs.pop("min_itemsize", None) + + # append + for k, v in d.items(): + dc = data_columns if k == selector else None + + # compute the val + val = value.reindex(v, axis=axis) + + filtered = ( + {key: value for (key, value) in min_itemsize.items() if key in v} + if min_itemsize is not None + else None + ) + self.append(k, val, data_columns=dc, min_itemsize=filtered, **kwargs) + + def create_table_index( + self, + key: str, + columns=None, + optlevel: int | None = None, + kind: str | None = None, + ) -> None: + """ + Create a pytables index on the table. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + columns : None, bool, or listlike[str] + Indicate which columns to create an index on. + + * False : Do not create any indexes. + * True : Create indexes on all columns. + * None : Create indexes on all columns. + * listlike : Create indexes on the given columns. + + optlevel : int or None, default None + Optimization level, if None, pytables defaults to 6. + kind : str or None, default None + Kind of index, if None, pytables defaults to "medium". + + Raises + ------ + TypeError: raises if the node is not a table + """ + # version requirements + _tables() + s = self.get_storer(key) + if s is None: + return + + if not isinstance(s, Table): + raise TypeError("cannot create table index on a Fixed format store") + s.create_index(columns=columns, optlevel=optlevel, kind=kind) + + def groups(self) -> list: + """ + Return a list of all the top-level nodes. + + Each node returned is not a pandas storage object. + + Returns + ------- + list + List of objects. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> print(store.groups()) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + [/data (Group) '' + children := ['axis0' (Array), 'axis1' (Array), 'block0_values' (Array), + 'block0_items' (Array)]] + """ + _tables() + self._check_if_open() + assert self._handle is not None # for mypy + assert _table_mod is not None # for mypy + return [ + g + for g in self._handle.walk_groups() + if ( + not isinstance(g, _table_mod.link.Link) + and ( + getattr(g._v_attrs, "pandas_type", None) + or getattr(g, "table", None) + or (isinstance(g, _table_mod.table.Table) and g._v_name != "table") + ) + ) + ] + + def walk(self, where: str = "/") -> Iterator[tuple[str, list[str], list[str]]]: + """ + Walk the pytables group hierarchy for pandas objects. + + This generator will yield the group path, subgroups and pandas object + names for each group. + + Any non-pandas PyTables objects that are not a group will be ignored. + + The `where` group itself is listed first (preorder), then each of its + child groups (following an alphanumerical order) is also traversed, + following the same procedure. + + Parameters + ---------- + where : str, default "/" + Group where to start walking. + + Yields + ------ + path : str + Full path to a group (without trailing '/'). + groups : list + Names (strings) of the groups contained in `path`. + leaves : list + Names (strings) of the pandas objects contained in `path`. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df1 = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df1, format='table') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df2 = pd.DataFrame([[5, 6], [7, 8]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store.append('data', df2) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + >>> for group in store.walk(): # doctest: +SKIP + ... print(group) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + """ + _tables() + self._check_if_open() + assert self._handle is not None # for mypy + assert _table_mod is not None # for mypy + + for g in self._handle.walk_groups(where): + if getattr(g._v_attrs, "pandas_type", None) is not None: + continue + + groups = [] + leaves = [] + for child in g._v_children.values(): + pandas_type = getattr(child._v_attrs, "pandas_type", None) + if pandas_type is None: + if isinstance(child, _table_mod.group.Group): + groups.append(child._v_name) + else: + leaves.append(child._v_name) + + yield (g._v_pathname.rstrip("/"), groups, leaves) + + def get_node(self, key: str) -> Node | None: + """return the node with the key or None if it does not exist""" + self._check_if_open() + if not key.startswith("/"): + key = "/" + key + + assert self._handle is not None + assert _table_mod is not None # for mypy + try: + node = self._handle.get_node(self.root, key) + except _table_mod.exceptions.NoSuchNodeError: + return None + + assert isinstance(node, _table_mod.Node), type(node) + return node + + def get_storer(self, key: str) -> GenericFixed | Table: + """return the storer object for a key, raise if not in the file""" + group = self.get_node(key) + if group is None: + raise KeyError(f"No object named {key} in the file") + + s = self._create_storer(group) + s.infer_axes() + return s + + def copy( + self, + file, + mode: str = "w", + propindexes: bool = True, + keys=None, + complib=None, + complevel: int | None = None, + fletcher32: bool = False, + overwrite: bool = True, + ) -> HDFStore: + """ + Copy the existing store to a new file, updating in place. + + Parameters + ---------- + propindexes : bool, default True + Restore indexes in copied file. + keys : list, optional + List of keys to include in the copy (defaults to all). + overwrite : bool, default True + Whether to overwrite (remove and replace) existing nodes in the new store. + mode, complib, complevel, fletcher32 same as in HDFStore.__init__ + + Returns + ------- + open file handle of the new store + """ + new_store = HDFStore( + file, mode=mode, complib=complib, complevel=complevel, fletcher32=fletcher32 + ) + if keys is None: + keys = list(self.keys()) + if not isinstance(keys, (tuple, list)): + keys = [keys] + for k in keys: + s = self.get_storer(k) + if s is not None: + if k in new_store: + if overwrite: + new_store.remove(k) + + data = self.select(k) + if isinstance(s, Table): + index: bool | list[str] = False + if propindexes: + index = [a.name for a in s.axes if a.is_indexed] + new_store.append( + k, + data, + index=index, + data_columns=getattr(s, "data_columns", None), + encoding=s.encoding, + ) + else: + new_store.put(k, data, encoding=s.encoding) + + return new_store + + def info(self) -> str: + """ + Print detailed information on the store. + + Returns + ------- + str + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=['A', 'B']) + >>> store = pd.HDFStore("store.h5", 'w') # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.put('data', df) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> print(store.info()) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> store.close() # doctest: +SKIP + + File path: store.h5 + /data frame (shape->[2,2]) + """ + path = pprint_thing(self._path) + output = f"{type(self)}\nFile path: {path}\n" + + if self.is_open: + lkeys = sorted(self.keys()) + if len(lkeys): + keys = [] + values = [] + + for k in lkeys: + try: + s = self.get_storer(k) + if s is not None: + keys.append(pprint_thing(s.pathname or k)) + values.append(pprint_thing(s or "invalid_HDFStore node")) + except AssertionError: + # surface any assertion errors for e.g. debugging + raise + except Exception as detail: + keys.append(k) + dstr = pprint_thing(detail) + values.append(f"[invalid_HDFStore node: {dstr}]") + + output += adjoin(12, keys, values) + else: + output += "Empty" + else: + output += "File is CLOSED" + + return output + + # ------------------------------------------------------------------------ + # private methods + + def _check_if_open(self) -> None: + if not self.is_open: + raise ClosedFileError(f"{self._path} file is not open!") + + def _validate_format(self, format: str) -> str: + """validate / deprecate formats""" + # validate + try: + format = _FORMAT_MAP[format.lower()] + except KeyError as err: + raise TypeError(f"invalid HDFStore format specified [{format}]") from err + + return format + + def _create_storer( + self, + group, + format=None, + value: DataFrame | Series | None = None, + encoding: str = "UTF-8", + errors: str = "strict", + ) -> GenericFixed | Table: + """return a suitable class to operate""" + cls: type[GenericFixed | Table] + + if value is not None and not isinstance(value, (Series, DataFrame)): + raise TypeError("value must be None, Series, or DataFrame") + + pt = _ensure_decoded(getattr(group._v_attrs, "pandas_type", None)) + tt = _ensure_decoded(getattr(group._v_attrs, "table_type", None)) + + # infer the pt from the passed value + if pt is None: + if value is None: + _tables() + assert _table_mod is not None # for mypy + if getattr(group, "table", None) or isinstance( + group, _table_mod.table.Table + ): + pt = "frame_table" + tt = "generic_table" + else: + raise TypeError( + "cannot create a storer if the object is not existing " + "nor a value are passed" + ) + else: + if isinstance(value, Series): + pt = "series" + else: + pt = "frame" + + # we are actually a table + if format == "table": + pt += "_table" + + # a storer node + if "table" not in pt: + _STORER_MAP = {"series": SeriesFixed, "frame": FrameFixed} + try: + cls = _STORER_MAP[pt] + except KeyError as err: + raise TypeError( + f"cannot properly create the storer for: [_STORER_MAP] [group->" + f"{group},value->{type(value)},format->{format}" + ) from err + return cls(self, group, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) + + # existing node (and must be a table) + if tt is None: + # if we are a writer, determine the tt + if value is not None: + if pt == "series_table": + index = getattr(value, "index", None) + if index is not None: + if index.nlevels == 1: + tt = "appendable_series" + elif index.nlevels > 1: + tt = "appendable_multiseries" + elif pt == "frame_table": + index = getattr(value, "index", None) + if index is not None: + if index.nlevels == 1: + tt = "appendable_frame" + elif index.nlevels > 1: + tt = "appendable_multiframe" + + _TABLE_MAP = { + "generic_table": GenericTable, + "appendable_series": AppendableSeriesTable, + "appendable_multiseries": AppendableMultiSeriesTable, + "appendable_frame": AppendableFrameTable, + "appendable_multiframe": AppendableMultiFrameTable, + "worm": WORMTable, + } + try: + cls = _TABLE_MAP[tt] + except KeyError as err: + raise TypeError( + f"cannot properly create the storer for: [_TABLE_MAP] [group->" + f"{group},value->{type(value)},format->{format}" + ) from err + + return cls(self, group, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) + + def _write_to_group( + self, + key: str, + value: DataFrame | Series, + format, + axes=None, + index: bool | list[str] = True, + append: bool = False, + complib=None, + complevel: int | None = None, + fletcher32=None, + min_itemsize: int | dict[str, int] | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + expectedrows=None, + dropna: bool = False, + nan_rep=None, + data_columns=None, + encoding=None, + errors: str = "strict", + track_times: bool = True, + ) -> None: + # we don't want to store a table node at all if our object is 0-len + # as there are not dtypes + if getattr(value, "empty", None) and (format == "table" or append): + return + + group = self._identify_group(key, append) + + s = self._create_storer(group, format, value, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) + if append: + # raise if we are trying to append to a Fixed format, + # or a table that exists (and we are putting) + if not s.is_table or (s.is_table and format == "fixed" and s.is_exists): + raise ValueError("Can only append to Tables") + if not s.is_exists: + s.set_object_info() + else: + s.set_object_info() + + if not s.is_table and complib: + raise ValueError("Compression not supported on Fixed format stores") + + # write the object + s.write( + obj=value, + axes=axes, + append=append, + complib=complib, + complevel=complevel, + fletcher32=fletcher32, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + chunksize=chunksize, + expectedrows=expectedrows, + dropna=dropna, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + data_columns=data_columns, + track_times=track_times, + ) + + if isinstance(s, Table) and index: + s.create_index(columns=index) + + def _read_group(self, group: Node): + s = self._create_storer(group) + s.infer_axes() + return s.read() + + def _identify_group(self, key: str, append: bool) -> Node: + """Identify HDF5 group based on key, delete/create group if needed.""" + group = self.get_node(key) + + # we make this assertion for mypy; the get_node call will already + # have raised if this is incorrect + assert self._handle is not None + + # remove the node if we are not appending + if group is not None and not append: + self._handle.remove_node(group, recursive=True) + group = None + + if group is None: + group = self._create_nodes_and_group(key) + + return group + + def _create_nodes_and_group(self, key: str) -> Node: + """Create nodes from key and return group name.""" + # assertion for mypy + assert self._handle is not None + + paths = key.split("/") + # recursively create the groups + path = "/" + for p in paths: + if not len(p): + continue + new_path = path + if not path.endswith("/"): + new_path += "/" + new_path += p + group = self.get_node(new_path) + if group is None: + group = self._handle.create_group(path, p) + path = new_path + return group + + +class TableIterator: + """ + Define the iteration interface on a table + + Parameters + ---------- + store : HDFStore + s : the referred storer + func : the function to execute the query + where : the where of the query + nrows : the rows to iterate on + start : the passed start value (default is None) + stop : the passed stop value (default is None) + iterator : bool, default False + Whether to use the default iterator. + chunksize : the passed chunking value (default is 100000) + auto_close : bool, default False + Whether to automatically close the store at the end of iteration. + """ + + chunksize: int | None + store: HDFStore + s: GenericFixed | Table + + def __init__( + self, + store: HDFStore, + s: GenericFixed | Table, + func, + where, + nrows, + start=None, + stop=None, + iterator: bool = False, + chunksize: int | None = None, + auto_close: bool = False, + ) -> None: + self.store = store + self.s = s + self.func = func + self.where = where + + # set start/stop if they are not set if we are a table + if self.s.is_table: + if nrows is None: + nrows = 0 + if start is None: + start = 0 + if stop is None: + stop = nrows + stop = min(nrows, stop) + + self.nrows = nrows + self.start = start + self.stop = stop + + self.coordinates = None + if iterator or chunksize is not None: + if chunksize is None: + chunksize = 100000 + self.chunksize = int(chunksize) + else: + self.chunksize = None + + self.auto_close = auto_close + + def __iter__(self) -> Iterator: + # iterate + current = self.start + if self.coordinates is None: + raise ValueError("Cannot iterate until get_result is called.") + while current < self.stop: + stop = min(current + self.chunksize, self.stop) + value = self.func(None, None, self.coordinates[current:stop]) + current = stop + if value is None or not len(value): + continue + + yield value + + self.close() + + def close(self) -> None: + if self.auto_close: + self.store.close() + + def get_result(self, coordinates: bool = False): + # return the actual iterator + if self.chunksize is not None: + if not isinstance(self.s, Table): + raise TypeError("can only use an iterator or chunksize on a table") + + self.coordinates = self.s.read_coordinates(where=self.where) + + return self + + # if specified read via coordinates (necessary for multiple selections + if coordinates: + if not isinstance(self.s, Table): + raise TypeError("can only read_coordinates on a table") + where = self.s.read_coordinates( + where=self.where, start=self.start, stop=self.stop + ) + else: + where = self.where + + # directly return the result + results = self.func(self.start, self.stop, where) + self.close() + return results + + +class IndexCol: + """ + an index column description class + + Parameters + ---------- + axis : axis which I reference + values : the ndarray like converted values + kind : a string description of this type + typ : the pytables type + pos : the position in the pytables + + """ + + is_an_indexable: bool = True + is_data_indexable: bool = True + _info_fields = ["freq", "tz", "index_name"] + + def __init__( + self, + name: str, + values=None, + kind=None, + typ=None, + cname: str | None = None, + axis=None, + pos=None, + freq=None, + tz=None, + index_name=None, + ordered=None, + table=None, + meta=None, + metadata=None, + ) -> None: + if not isinstance(name, str): + raise ValueError("`name` must be a str.") + + self.values = values + self.kind = kind + self.typ = typ + self.name = name + self.cname = cname or name + self.axis = axis + self.pos = pos + self.freq = freq + self.tz = tz + self.index_name = index_name + self.ordered = ordered + self.table = table + self.meta = meta + self.metadata = metadata + + if pos is not None: + self.set_pos(pos) + + # These are ensured as long as the passed arguments match the + # constructor annotations. + assert isinstance(self.name, str) + assert isinstance(self.cname, str) + + @property + def itemsize(self) -> int: + # Assumes self.typ has already been initialized + return self.typ.itemsize + + @property + def kind_attr(self) -> str: + return f"{self.name}_kind" + + def set_pos(self, pos: int) -> None: + """set the position of this column in the Table""" + self.pos = pos + if pos is not None and self.typ is not None: + self.typ._v_pos = pos + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + temp = tuple( + map(pprint_thing, (self.name, self.cname, self.axis, self.pos, self.kind)) + ) + return ",".join( + [ + f"{key}->{value}" + for key, value in zip(["name", "cname", "axis", "pos", "kind"], temp) + ] + ) + + def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: + """compare 2 col items""" + return all( + getattr(self, a, None) == getattr(other, a, None) + for a in ["name", "cname", "axis", "pos"] + ) + + def __ne__(self, other) -> bool: + return not self.__eq__(other) + + @property + def is_indexed(self) -> bool: + """return whether I am an indexed column""" + if not hasattr(self.table, "cols"): + # e.g. if infer hasn't been called yet, self.table will be None. + return False + return getattr(self.table.cols, self.cname).is_indexed + + def convert( + self, values: np.ndarray, nan_rep, encoding: str, errors: str + ) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray] | tuple[Index, Index]: + """ + Convert the data from this selection to the appropriate pandas type. + """ + assert isinstance(values, np.ndarray), type(values) + + # values is a recarray + if values.dtype.fields is not None: + # Copy, otherwise values will be a view + # preventing the original recarry from being free'ed + values = values[self.cname].copy() + + val_kind = _ensure_decoded(self.kind) + values = _maybe_convert(values, val_kind, encoding, errors) + kwargs = {} + kwargs["name"] = _ensure_decoded(self.index_name) + + if self.freq is not None: + kwargs["freq"] = _ensure_decoded(self.freq) + + factory: type[Index | DatetimeIndex] = Index + if lib.is_np_dtype(values.dtype, "M") or isinstance( + values.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype + ): + factory = DatetimeIndex + elif values.dtype == "i8" and "freq" in kwargs: + # PeriodIndex data is stored as i8 + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type + # "Callable[[Any, KwArg(Any)], PeriodIndex]", variable has type + # "Union[Type[Index], Type[DatetimeIndex]]") + factory = lambda x, **kwds: PeriodIndex.from_ordinals( # type: ignore[assignment] + x, freq=kwds.get("freq", None) + )._rename( + kwds["name"] + ) + + # making an Index instance could throw a number of different errors + try: + new_pd_index = factory(values, **kwargs) + except ValueError: + # if the output freq is different that what we recorded, + # it should be None (see also 'doc example part 2') + if "freq" in kwargs: + kwargs["freq"] = None + new_pd_index = factory(values, **kwargs) + final_pd_index = _set_tz(new_pd_index, self.tz) + return final_pd_index, final_pd_index + + def take_data(self): + """return the values""" + return self.values + + @property + def attrs(self): + return self.table._v_attrs + + @property + def description(self): + return self.table.description + + @property + def col(self): + """return my current col description""" + return getattr(self.description, self.cname, None) + + @property + def cvalues(self): + """return my cython values""" + return self.values + + def __iter__(self) -> Iterator: + return iter(self.values) + + def maybe_set_size(self, min_itemsize=None) -> None: + """ + maybe set a string col itemsize: + min_itemsize can be an integer or a dict with this columns name + with an integer size + """ + if _ensure_decoded(self.kind) == "string": + if isinstance(min_itemsize, dict): + min_itemsize = min_itemsize.get(self.name) + + if min_itemsize is not None and self.typ.itemsize < min_itemsize: + self.typ = _tables().StringCol(itemsize=min_itemsize, pos=self.pos) + + def validate_names(self) -> None: + pass + + def validate_and_set(self, handler: AppendableTable, append: bool) -> None: + self.table = handler.table + self.validate_col() + self.validate_attr(append) + self.validate_metadata(handler) + self.write_metadata(handler) + self.set_attr() + + def validate_col(self, itemsize=None): + """validate this column: return the compared against itemsize""" + # validate this column for string truncation (or reset to the max size) + if _ensure_decoded(self.kind) == "string": + c = self.col + if c is not None: + if itemsize is None: + itemsize = self.itemsize + if c.itemsize < itemsize: + raise ValueError( + f"Trying to store a string with len [{itemsize}] in " + f"[{self.cname}] column but\nthis column has a limit of " + f"[{c.itemsize}]!\nConsider using min_itemsize to " + "preset the sizes on these columns" + ) + return c.itemsize + + return None + + def validate_attr(self, append: bool) -> None: + # check for backwards incompatibility + if append: + existing_kind = getattr(self.attrs, self.kind_attr, None) + if existing_kind is not None and existing_kind != self.kind: + raise TypeError( + f"incompatible kind in col [{existing_kind} - {self.kind}]" + ) + + def update_info(self, info) -> None: + """ + set/update the info for this indexable with the key/value + if there is a conflict raise/warn as needed + """ + for key in self._info_fields: + value = getattr(self, key, None) + idx = info.setdefault(self.name, {}) + + existing_value = idx.get(key) + if key in idx and value is not None and existing_value != value: + # frequency/name just warn + if key in ["freq", "index_name"]: + ws = attribute_conflict_doc % (key, existing_value, value) + warnings.warn( + ws, AttributeConflictWarning, stacklevel=find_stack_level() + ) + + # reset + idx[key] = None + setattr(self, key, None) + + else: + raise ValueError( + f"invalid info for [{self.name}] for [{key}], " + f"existing_value [{existing_value}] conflicts with " + f"new value [{value}]" + ) + elif value is not None or existing_value is not None: + idx[key] = value + + def set_info(self, info) -> None: + """set my state from the passed info""" + idx = info.get(self.name) + if idx is not None: + self.__dict__.update(idx) + + def set_attr(self) -> None: + """set the kind for this column""" + setattr(self.attrs, self.kind_attr, self.kind) + + def validate_metadata(self, handler: AppendableTable) -> None: + """validate that kind=category does not change the categories""" + if self.meta == "category": + new_metadata = self.metadata + cur_metadata = handler.read_metadata(self.cname) + if ( + new_metadata is not None + and cur_metadata is not None + and not array_equivalent( + new_metadata, cur_metadata, strict_nan=True, dtype_equal=True + ) + ): + raise ValueError( + "cannot append a categorical with " + "different categories to the existing" + ) + + def write_metadata(self, handler: AppendableTable) -> None: + """set the meta data""" + if self.metadata is not None: + handler.write_metadata(self.cname, self.metadata) + + +class GenericIndexCol(IndexCol): + """an index which is not represented in the data of the table""" + + @property + def is_indexed(self) -> bool: + return False + + def convert( + self, values: np.ndarray, nan_rep, encoding: str, errors: str + ) -> tuple[Index, Index]: + """ + Convert the data from this selection to the appropriate pandas type. + + Parameters + ---------- + values : np.ndarray + nan_rep : str + encoding : str + errors : str + """ + assert isinstance(values, np.ndarray), type(values) + + index = RangeIndex(len(values)) + return index, index + + def set_attr(self) -> None: + pass + + +class DataCol(IndexCol): + """ + a data holding column, by definition this is not indexable + + Parameters + ---------- + data : the actual data + cname : the column name in the table to hold the data (typically + values) + meta : a string description of the metadata + metadata : the actual metadata + """ + + is_an_indexable = False + is_data_indexable = False + _info_fields = ["tz", "ordered"] + + def __init__( + self, + name: str, + values=None, + kind=None, + typ=None, + cname: str | None = None, + pos=None, + tz=None, + ordered=None, + table=None, + meta=None, + metadata=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + data=None, + ) -> None: + super().__init__( + name=name, + values=values, + kind=kind, + typ=typ, + pos=pos, + cname=cname, + tz=tz, + ordered=ordered, + table=table, + meta=meta, + metadata=metadata, + ) + self.dtype = dtype + self.data = data + + @property + def dtype_attr(self) -> str: + return f"{self.name}_dtype" + + @property + def meta_attr(self) -> str: + return f"{self.name}_meta" + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + temp = tuple( + map( + pprint_thing, (self.name, self.cname, self.dtype, self.kind, self.shape) + ) + ) + return ",".join( + [ + f"{key}->{value}" + for key, value in zip(["name", "cname", "dtype", "kind", "shape"], temp) + ] + ) + + def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: + """compare 2 col items""" + return all( + getattr(self, a, None) == getattr(other, a, None) + for a in ["name", "cname", "dtype", "pos"] + ) + + def set_data(self, data: ArrayLike) -> None: + assert data is not None + assert self.dtype is None + + data, dtype_name = _get_data_and_dtype_name(data) + + self.data = data + self.dtype = dtype_name + self.kind = _dtype_to_kind(dtype_name) + + def take_data(self): + """return the data""" + return self.data + + @classmethod + def _get_atom(cls, values: ArrayLike) -> Col: + """ + Get an appropriately typed and shaped pytables.Col object for values. + """ + dtype = values.dtype + # error: Item "ExtensionDtype" of "Union[ExtensionDtype, dtype[Any]]" has no + # attribute "itemsize" + itemsize = dtype.itemsize # type: ignore[union-attr] + + shape = values.shape + if values.ndim == 1: + # EA, use block shape pretending it is 2D + # TODO(EA2D): not necessary with 2D EAs + shape = (1, values.size) + + if isinstance(values, Categorical): + codes = values.codes + atom = cls.get_atom_data(shape, kind=codes.dtype.name) + elif lib.is_np_dtype(dtype, "M") or isinstance(dtype, DatetimeTZDtype): + atom = cls.get_atom_datetime64(shape) + elif lib.is_np_dtype(dtype, "m"): + atom = cls.get_atom_timedelta64(shape) + elif is_complex_dtype(dtype): + atom = _tables().ComplexCol(itemsize=itemsize, shape=shape[0]) + elif is_string_dtype(dtype): + atom = cls.get_atom_string(shape, itemsize) + else: + atom = cls.get_atom_data(shape, kind=dtype.name) + + return atom + + @classmethod + def get_atom_string(cls, shape, itemsize): + return _tables().StringCol(itemsize=itemsize, shape=shape[0]) + + @classmethod + def get_atom_coltype(cls, kind: str) -> type[Col]: + """return the PyTables column class for this column""" + if kind.startswith("uint"): + k4 = kind[4:] + col_name = f"UInt{k4}Col" + elif kind.startswith("period"): + # we store as integer + col_name = "Int64Col" + else: + kcap = kind.capitalize() + col_name = f"{kcap}Col" + + return getattr(_tables(), col_name) + + @classmethod + def get_atom_data(cls, shape, kind: str) -> Col: + return cls.get_atom_coltype(kind=kind)(shape=shape[0]) + + @classmethod + def get_atom_datetime64(cls, shape): + return _tables().Int64Col(shape=shape[0]) + + @classmethod + def get_atom_timedelta64(cls, shape): + return _tables().Int64Col(shape=shape[0]) + + @property + def shape(self): + return getattr(self.data, "shape", None) + + @property + def cvalues(self): + """return my cython values""" + return self.data + + def validate_attr(self, append) -> None: + """validate that we have the same order as the existing & same dtype""" + if append: + existing_fields = getattr(self.attrs, self.kind_attr, None) + if existing_fields is not None and existing_fields != list(self.values): + raise ValueError("appended items do not match existing items in table!") + + existing_dtype = getattr(self.attrs, self.dtype_attr, None) + if existing_dtype is not None and existing_dtype != self.dtype: + raise ValueError( + "appended items dtype do not match existing items dtype in table!" + ) + + def convert(self, values: np.ndarray, nan_rep, encoding: str, errors: str): + """ + Convert the data from this selection to the appropriate pandas type. + + Parameters + ---------- + values : np.ndarray + nan_rep : + encoding : str + errors : str + + Returns + ------- + index : listlike to become an Index + data : ndarraylike to become a column + """ + assert isinstance(values, np.ndarray), type(values) + + # values is a recarray + if values.dtype.fields is not None: + values = values[self.cname] + + assert self.typ is not None + if self.dtype is None: + # Note: in tests we never have timedelta64 or datetime64, + # so the _get_data_and_dtype_name may be unnecessary + converted, dtype_name = _get_data_and_dtype_name(values) + kind = _dtype_to_kind(dtype_name) + else: + converted = values + dtype_name = self.dtype + kind = self.kind + + assert isinstance(converted, np.ndarray) # for mypy + + # use the meta if needed + meta = _ensure_decoded(self.meta) + metadata = self.metadata + ordered = self.ordered + tz = self.tz + + assert dtype_name is not None + # convert to the correct dtype + dtype = _ensure_decoded(dtype_name) + + # reverse converts + if dtype.startswith("datetime64"): + # recreate with tz if indicated + converted = _set_tz(converted, tz, coerce=True) + + elif dtype == "timedelta64": + converted = np.asarray(converted, dtype="m8[ns]") + elif dtype == "date": + try: + converted = np.asarray( + [date.fromordinal(v) for v in converted], dtype=object + ) + except ValueError: + converted = np.asarray( + [date.fromtimestamp(v) for v in converted], dtype=object + ) + + elif meta == "category": + # we have a categorical + categories = metadata + codes = converted.ravel() + + # if we have stored a NaN in the categories + # then strip it; in theory we could have BOTH + # -1s in the codes and nulls :< + if categories is None: + # Handle case of NaN-only categorical columns in which case + # the categories are an empty array; when this is stored, + # pytables cannot write a zero-len array, so on readback + # the categories would be None and `read_hdf()` would fail. + categories = Index([], dtype=np.float64) + else: + mask = isna(categories) + if mask.any(): + categories = categories[~mask] + codes[codes != -1] -= mask.astype(int).cumsum()._values + + converted = Categorical.from_codes( + codes, categories=categories, ordered=ordered, validate=False + ) + + else: + try: + converted = converted.astype(dtype, copy=False) + except TypeError: + converted = converted.astype("O", copy=False) + + # convert nans / decode + if _ensure_decoded(kind) == "string": + converted = _unconvert_string_array( + converted, nan_rep=nan_rep, encoding=encoding, errors=errors + ) + + return self.values, converted + + def set_attr(self) -> None: + """set the data for this column""" + setattr(self.attrs, self.kind_attr, self.values) + setattr(self.attrs, self.meta_attr, self.meta) + assert self.dtype is not None + setattr(self.attrs, self.dtype_attr, self.dtype) + + +class DataIndexableCol(DataCol): + """represent a data column that can be indexed""" + + is_data_indexable = True + + def validate_names(self) -> None: + if not is_string_dtype(Index(self.values).dtype): + # TODO: should the message here be more specifically non-str? + raise ValueError("cannot have non-object label DataIndexableCol") + + @classmethod + def get_atom_string(cls, shape, itemsize): + return _tables().StringCol(itemsize=itemsize) + + @classmethod + def get_atom_data(cls, shape, kind: str) -> Col: + return cls.get_atom_coltype(kind=kind)() + + @classmethod + def get_atom_datetime64(cls, shape): + return _tables().Int64Col() + + @classmethod + def get_atom_timedelta64(cls, shape): + return _tables().Int64Col() + + +class GenericDataIndexableCol(DataIndexableCol): + """represent a generic pytables data column""" + + +class Fixed: + """ + represent an object in my store + facilitate read/write of various types of objects + this is an abstract base class + + Parameters + ---------- + parent : HDFStore + group : Node + The group node where the table resides. + """ + + pandas_kind: str + format_type: str = "fixed" # GH#30962 needed by dask + obj_type: type[DataFrame | Series] + ndim: int + parent: HDFStore + is_table: bool = False + + def __init__( + self, + parent: HDFStore, + group: Node, + encoding: str | None = "UTF-8", + errors: str = "strict", + ) -> None: + assert isinstance(parent, HDFStore), type(parent) + assert _table_mod is not None # needed for mypy + assert isinstance(group, _table_mod.Node), type(group) + self.parent = parent + self.group = group + self.encoding = _ensure_encoding(encoding) + self.errors = errors + + @property + def is_old_version(self) -> bool: + return self.version[0] <= 0 and self.version[1] <= 10 and self.version[2] < 1 + + @property + def version(self) -> tuple[int, int, int]: + """compute and set our version""" + version = _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.group._v_attrs, "pandas_version", None)) + try: + version = tuple(int(x) for x in version.split(".")) + if len(version) == 2: + version = version + (0,) + except AttributeError: + version = (0, 0, 0) + return version + + @property + def pandas_type(self): + return _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.group._v_attrs, "pandas_type", None)) + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + """return a pretty representation of myself""" + self.infer_axes() + s = self.shape + if s is not None: + if isinstance(s, (list, tuple)): + jshape = ",".join([pprint_thing(x) for x in s]) + s = f"[{jshape}]" + return f"{self.pandas_type:12.12} (shape->{s})" + return self.pandas_type + + def set_object_info(self) -> None: + """set my pandas type & version""" + self.attrs.pandas_type = str(self.pandas_kind) + self.attrs.pandas_version = str(_version) + + def copy(self) -> Fixed: + new_self = copy.copy(self) + return new_self + + @property + def shape(self): + return self.nrows + + @property + def pathname(self): + return self.group._v_pathname + + @property + def _handle(self): + return self.parent._handle + + @property + def _filters(self): + return self.parent._filters + + @property + def _complevel(self) -> int: + return self.parent._complevel + + @property + def _fletcher32(self) -> bool: + return self.parent._fletcher32 + + @property + def attrs(self): + return self.group._v_attrs + + def set_attrs(self) -> None: + """set our object attributes""" + + def get_attrs(self) -> None: + """get our object attributes""" + + @property + def storable(self): + """return my storable""" + return self.group + + @property + def is_exists(self) -> bool: + return False + + @property + def nrows(self): + return getattr(self.storable, "nrows", None) + + def validate(self, other) -> Literal[True] | None: + """validate against an existing storable""" + if other is None: + return None + return True + + def validate_version(self, where=None) -> None: + """are we trying to operate on an old version?""" + + def infer_axes(self) -> bool: + """ + infer the axes of my storer + return a boolean indicating if we have a valid storer or not + """ + s = self.storable + if s is None: + return False + self.get_attrs() + return True + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + raise NotImplementedError( + "cannot read on an abstract storer: subclasses should implement" + ) + + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: + raise NotImplementedError( + "cannot write on an abstract storer: subclasses should implement" + ) + + def delete( + self, where=None, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ) -> None: + """ + support fully deleting the node in its entirety (only) - where + specification must be None + """ + if com.all_none(where, start, stop): + self._handle.remove_node(self.group, recursive=True) + return None + + raise TypeError("cannot delete on an abstract storer") + + +class GenericFixed(Fixed): + """a generified fixed version""" + + _index_type_map = {DatetimeIndex: "datetime", PeriodIndex: "period"} + _reverse_index_map = {v: k for k, v in _index_type_map.items()} + attributes: list[str] = [] + + # indexer helpers + def _class_to_alias(self, cls) -> str: + return self._index_type_map.get(cls, "") + + def _alias_to_class(self, alias): + if isinstance(alias, type): # pragma: no cover + # compat: for a short period of time master stored types + return alias + return self._reverse_index_map.get(alias, Index) + + def _get_index_factory(self, attrs): + index_class = self._alias_to_class( + _ensure_decoded(getattr(attrs, "index_class", "")) + ) + + factory: Callable + + if index_class == DatetimeIndex: + + def f(values, freq=None, tz=None): + # data are already in UTC, localize and convert if tz present + dta = DatetimeArray._simple_new( + values.values, dtype=values.dtype, freq=freq + ) + result = DatetimeIndex._simple_new(dta, name=None) + if tz is not None: + result = result.tz_localize("UTC").tz_convert(tz) + return result + + factory = f + elif index_class == PeriodIndex: + + def f(values, freq=None, tz=None): + dtype = PeriodDtype(freq) + parr = PeriodArray._simple_new(values, dtype=dtype) + return PeriodIndex._simple_new(parr, name=None) + + factory = f + else: + factory = index_class + + kwargs = {} + if "freq" in attrs: + kwargs["freq"] = attrs["freq"] + if index_class is Index: + # DTI/PI would be gotten by _alias_to_class + factory = TimedeltaIndex + + if "tz" in attrs: + if isinstance(attrs["tz"], bytes): + # created by python2 + kwargs["tz"] = attrs["tz"].decode("utf-8") + else: + # created by python3 + kwargs["tz"] = attrs["tz"] + assert index_class is DatetimeIndex # just checking + + return factory, kwargs + + def validate_read(self, columns, where) -> None: + """ + raise if any keywords are passed which are not-None + """ + if columns is not None: + raise TypeError( + "cannot pass a column specification when reading " + "a Fixed format store. this store must be selected in its entirety" + ) + if where is not None: + raise TypeError( + "cannot pass a where specification when reading " + "from a Fixed format store. this store must be selected in its entirety" + ) + + @property + def is_exists(self) -> bool: + return True + + def set_attrs(self) -> None: + """set our object attributes""" + self.attrs.encoding = self.encoding + self.attrs.errors = self.errors + + def get_attrs(self) -> None: + """retrieve our attributes""" + self.encoding = _ensure_encoding(getattr(self.attrs, "encoding", None)) + self.errors = _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.attrs, "errors", "strict")) + for n in self.attributes: + setattr(self, n, _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.attrs, n, None))) + + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: + self.set_attrs() + + def read_array(self, key: str, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None): + """read an array for the specified node (off of group""" + import tables + + node = getattr(self.group, key) + attrs = node._v_attrs + + transposed = getattr(attrs, "transposed", False) + + if isinstance(node, tables.VLArray): + ret = node[0][start:stop] + else: + dtype = _ensure_decoded(getattr(attrs, "value_type", None)) + shape = getattr(attrs, "shape", None) + + if shape is not None: + # length 0 axis + ret = np.empty(shape, dtype=dtype) + else: + ret = node[start:stop] + + if dtype and dtype.startswith("datetime64"): + # reconstruct a timezone if indicated + tz = getattr(attrs, "tz", None) + ret = _set_tz(ret, tz, coerce=True) + + elif dtype == "timedelta64": + ret = np.asarray(ret, dtype="m8[ns]") + + if transposed: + return ret.T + else: + return ret + + def read_index( + self, key: str, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ) -> Index: + variety = _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.attrs, f"{key}_variety")) + + if variety == "multi": + return self.read_multi_index(key, start=start, stop=stop) + elif variety == "regular": + node = getattr(self.group, key) + index = self.read_index_node(node, start=start, stop=stop) + return index + else: # pragma: no cover + raise TypeError(f"unrecognized index variety: {variety}") + + def write_index(self, key: str, index: Index) -> None: + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + setattr(self.attrs, f"{key}_variety", "multi") + self.write_multi_index(key, index) + else: + setattr(self.attrs, f"{key}_variety", "regular") + converted = _convert_index("index", index, self.encoding, self.errors) + + self.write_array(key, converted.values) + + node = getattr(self.group, key) + node._v_attrs.kind = converted.kind + node._v_attrs.name = index.name + + if isinstance(index, (DatetimeIndex, PeriodIndex)): + node._v_attrs.index_class = self._class_to_alias(type(index)) + + if isinstance(index, (DatetimeIndex, PeriodIndex, TimedeltaIndex)): + node._v_attrs.freq = index.freq + + if isinstance(index, DatetimeIndex) and index.tz is not None: + node._v_attrs.tz = _get_tz(index.tz) + + def write_multi_index(self, key: str, index: MultiIndex) -> None: + setattr(self.attrs, f"{key}_nlevels", index.nlevels) + + for i, (lev, level_codes, name) in enumerate( + zip(index.levels, index.codes, index.names) + ): + # write the level + if isinstance(lev.dtype, ExtensionDtype): + raise NotImplementedError( + "Saving a MultiIndex with an extension dtype is not supported." + ) + level_key = f"{key}_level{i}" + conv_level = _convert_index(level_key, lev, self.encoding, self.errors) + self.write_array(level_key, conv_level.values) + node = getattr(self.group, level_key) + node._v_attrs.kind = conv_level.kind + node._v_attrs.name = name + + # write the name + setattr(node._v_attrs, f"{key}_name{name}", name) + + # write the labels + label_key = f"{key}_label{i}" + self.write_array(label_key, level_codes) + + def read_multi_index( + self, key: str, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ) -> MultiIndex: + nlevels = getattr(self.attrs, f"{key}_nlevels") + + levels = [] + codes = [] + names: list[Hashable] = [] + for i in range(nlevels): + level_key = f"{key}_level{i}" + node = getattr(self.group, level_key) + lev = self.read_index_node(node, start=start, stop=stop) + levels.append(lev) + names.append(lev.name) + + label_key = f"{key}_label{i}" + level_codes = self.read_array(label_key, start=start, stop=stop) + codes.append(level_codes) + + return MultiIndex( + levels=levels, codes=codes, names=names, verify_integrity=True + ) + + def read_index_node( + self, node: Node, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ) -> Index: + data = node[start:stop] + # If the index was an empty array write_array_empty() will + # have written a sentinel. Here we replace it with the original. + if "shape" in node._v_attrs and np.prod(node._v_attrs.shape) == 0: + data = np.empty(node._v_attrs.shape, dtype=node._v_attrs.value_type) + kind = _ensure_decoded(node._v_attrs.kind) + name = None + + if "name" in node._v_attrs: + name = _ensure_str(node._v_attrs.name) + name = _ensure_decoded(name) + + attrs = node._v_attrs + factory, kwargs = self._get_index_factory(attrs) + + if kind in ("date", "object"): + index = factory( + _unconvert_index( + data, kind, encoding=self.encoding, errors=self.errors + ), + dtype=object, + **kwargs, + ) + else: + index = factory( + _unconvert_index( + data, kind, encoding=self.encoding, errors=self.errors + ), + **kwargs, + ) + + index.name = name + + return index + + def write_array_empty(self, key: str, value: ArrayLike) -> None: + """write a 0-len array""" + # ugly hack for length 0 axes + arr = np.empty((1,) * value.ndim) + self._handle.create_array(self.group, key, arr) + node = getattr(self.group, key) + node._v_attrs.value_type = str(value.dtype) + node._v_attrs.shape = value.shape + + def write_array( + self, key: str, obj: AnyArrayLike, items: Index | None = None + ) -> None: + # TODO: we only have a few tests that get here, the only EA + # that gets passed is DatetimeArray, and we never have + # both self._filters and EA + + value = extract_array(obj, extract_numpy=True) + + if key in self.group: + self._handle.remove_node(self.group, key) + + # Transform needed to interface with pytables row/col notation + empty_array = value.size == 0 + transposed = False + + if isinstance(value.dtype, CategoricalDtype): + raise NotImplementedError( + "Cannot store a category dtype in a HDF5 dataset that uses format=" + '"fixed". Use format="table".' + ) + if not empty_array: + if hasattr(value, "T"): + # ExtensionArrays (1d) may not have transpose. + value = value.T + transposed = True + + atom = None + if self._filters is not None: + with suppress(ValueError): + # get the atom for this datatype + atom = _tables().Atom.from_dtype(value.dtype) + + if atom is not None: + # We only get here if self._filters is non-None and + # the Atom.from_dtype call succeeded + + # create an empty chunked array and fill it from value + if not empty_array: + ca = self._handle.create_carray( + self.group, key, atom, value.shape, filters=self._filters + ) + ca[:] = value + + else: + self.write_array_empty(key, value) + + elif value.dtype.type == np.object_: + # infer the type, warn if we have a non-string type here (for + # performance) + inferred_type = lib.infer_dtype(value, skipna=False) + if empty_array: + pass + elif inferred_type == "string": + pass + else: + ws = performance_doc % (inferred_type, key, items) + warnings.warn(ws, PerformanceWarning, stacklevel=find_stack_level()) + + vlarr = self._handle.create_vlarray(self.group, key, _tables().ObjectAtom()) + vlarr.append(value) + + elif lib.is_np_dtype(value.dtype, "M"): + self._handle.create_array(self.group, key, value.view("i8")) + getattr(self.group, key)._v_attrs.value_type = str(value.dtype) + elif isinstance(value.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype): + # store as UTC + # with a zone + + # error: Item "ExtensionArray" of "Union[Any, ExtensionArray]" has no + # attribute "asi8" + self._handle.create_array( + self.group, key, value.asi8 # type: ignore[union-attr] + ) + + node = getattr(self.group, key) + # error: Item "ExtensionArray" of "Union[Any, ExtensionArray]" has no + # attribute "tz" + node._v_attrs.tz = _get_tz(value.tz) # type: ignore[union-attr] + node._v_attrs.value_type = f"datetime64[{value.dtype.unit}]" + elif lib.is_np_dtype(value.dtype, "m"): + self._handle.create_array(self.group, key, value.view("i8")) + getattr(self.group, key)._v_attrs.value_type = "timedelta64" + elif empty_array: + self.write_array_empty(key, value) + else: + self._handle.create_array(self.group, key, value) + + getattr(self.group, key)._v_attrs.transposed = transposed + + +class SeriesFixed(GenericFixed): + pandas_kind = "series" + attributes = ["name"] + + name: Hashable + + @property + def shape(self): + try: + return (len(self.group.values),) + except (TypeError, AttributeError): + return None + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ) -> Series: + self.validate_read(columns, where) + index = self.read_index("index", start=start, stop=stop) + values = self.read_array("values", start=start, stop=stop) + result = Series(values, index=index, name=self.name, copy=False) + if using_pyarrow_string_dtype() and is_string_array(values, skipna=True): + result = result.astype("string[pyarrow_numpy]") + return result + + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: + super().write(obj, **kwargs) + self.write_index("index", obj.index) + self.write_array("values", obj) + self.attrs.name = obj.name + + +class BlockManagerFixed(GenericFixed): + attributes = ["ndim", "nblocks"] + + nblocks: int + + @property + def shape(self) -> Shape | None: + try: + ndim = self.ndim + + # items + items = 0 + for i in range(self.nblocks): + node = getattr(self.group, f"block{i}_items") + shape = getattr(node, "shape", None) + if shape is not None: + items += shape[0] + + # data shape + node = self.group.block0_values + shape = getattr(node, "shape", None) + if shape is not None: + shape = list(shape[0 : (ndim - 1)]) + else: + shape = [] + + shape.append(items) + + return shape + except AttributeError: + return None + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ) -> DataFrame: + # start, stop applied to rows, so 0th axis only + self.validate_read(columns, where) + select_axis = self.obj_type()._get_block_manager_axis(0) + + axes = [] + for i in range(self.ndim): + _start, _stop = (start, stop) if i == select_axis else (None, None) + ax = self.read_index(f"axis{i}", start=_start, stop=_stop) + axes.append(ax) + + items = axes[0] + dfs = [] + + for i in range(self.nblocks): + blk_items = self.read_index(f"block{i}_items") + values = self.read_array(f"block{i}_values", start=_start, stop=_stop) + + columns = items[items.get_indexer(blk_items)] + df = DataFrame(values.T, columns=columns, index=axes[1], copy=False) + if using_pyarrow_string_dtype() and is_string_array(values, skipna=True): + df = df.astype("string[pyarrow_numpy]") + dfs.append(df) + + if len(dfs) > 0: + out = concat(dfs, axis=1, copy=True) + if using_copy_on_write(): + # with CoW, concat ignores the copy keyword. Here, we still want + # to copy to enforce optimized column-major layout + out = out.copy() + out = out.reindex(columns=items, copy=False) + return out + + return DataFrame(columns=axes[0], index=axes[1]) + + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: + super().write(obj, **kwargs) + + # TODO(ArrayManager) HDFStore relies on accessing the blocks + if isinstance(obj._mgr, ArrayManager): + obj = obj._as_manager("block") + + data = obj._mgr + if not data.is_consolidated(): + data = data.consolidate() + + self.attrs.ndim = data.ndim + for i, ax in enumerate(data.axes): + if i == 0 and (not ax.is_unique): + raise ValueError("Columns index has to be unique for fixed format") + self.write_index(f"axis{i}", ax) + + # Supporting mixed-type DataFrame objects...nontrivial + self.attrs.nblocks = len(data.blocks) + for i, blk in enumerate(data.blocks): + # I have no idea why, but writing values before items fixed #2299 + blk_items = data.items.take(blk.mgr_locs) + self.write_array(f"block{i}_values", blk.values, items=blk_items) + self.write_index(f"block{i}_items", blk_items) + + +class FrameFixed(BlockManagerFixed): + pandas_kind = "frame" + obj_type = DataFrame + + +class Table(Fixed): + """ + represent a table: + facilitate read/write of various types of tables + + Attrs in Table Node + ------------------- + These are attributes that are store in the main table node, they are + necessary to recreate these tables when read back in. + + index_axes : a list of tuples of the (original indexing axis and + index column) + non_index_axes: a list of tuples of the (original index axis and + columns on a non-indexing axis) + values_axes : a list of the columns which comprise the data of this + table + data_columns : a list of the columns that we are allowing indexing + (these become single columns in values_axes) + nan_rep : the string to use for nan representations for string + objects + levels : the names of levels + metadata : the names of the metadata columns + """ + + pandas_kind = "wide_table" + format_type: str = "table" # GH#30962 needed by dask + table_type: str + levels: int | list[Hashable] = 1 + is_table = True + + metadata: list + + def __init__( + self, + parent: HDFStore, + group: Node, + encoding: str | None = None, + errors: str = "strict", + index_axes: list[IndexCol] | None = None, + non_index_axes: list[tuple[AxisInt, Any]] | None = None, + values_axes: list[DataCol] | None = None, + data_columns: list | None = None, + info: dict | None = None, + nan_rep=None, + ) -> None: + super().__init__(parent, group, encoding=encoding, errors=errors) + self.index_axes = index_axes or [] + self.non_index_axes = non_index_axes or [] + self.values_axes = values_axes or [] + self.data_columns = data_columns or [] + self.info = info or {} + self.nan_rep = nan_rep + + @property + def table_type_short(self) -> str: + return self.table_type.split("_")[0] + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + """return a pretty representation of myself""" + self.infer_axes() + jdc = ",".join(self.data_columns) if len(self.data_columns) else "" + dc = f",dc->[{jdc}]" + + ver = "" + if self.is_old_version: + jver = ".".join([str(x) for x in self.version]) + ver = f"[{jver}]" + + jindex_axes = ",".join([a.name for a in self.index_axes]) + return ( + f"{self.pandas_type:12.12}{ver} " + f"(typ->{self.table_type_short},nrows->{self.nrows}," + f"ncols->{self.ncols},indexers->[{jindex_axes}]{dc})" + ) + + def __getitem__(self, c: str): + """return the axis for c""" + for a in self.axes: + if c == a.name: + return a + return None + + def validate(self, other) -> None: + """validate against an existing table""" + if other is None: + return + + if other.table_type != self.table_type: + raise TypeError( + "incompatible table_type with existing " + f"[{other.table_type} - {self.table_type}]" + ) + + for c in ["index_axes", "non_index_axes", "values_axes"]: + sv = getattr(self, c, None) + ov = getattr(other, c, None) + if sv != ov: + # show the error for the specific axes + # Argument 1 to "enumerate" has incompatible type + # "Optional[Any]"; expected "Iterable[Any]" [arg-type] + for i, sax in enumerate(sv): # type: ignore[arg-type] + # Value of type "Optional[Any]" is not indexable [index] + oax = ov[i] # type: ignore[index] + if sax != oax: + raise ValueError( + f"invalid combination of [{c}] on appending data " + f"[{sax}] vs current table [{oax}]" + ) + + # should never get here + raise Exception( + f"invalid combination of [{c}] on appending data [{sv}] vs " + f"current table [{ov}]" + ) + + @property + def is_multi_index(self) -> bool: + """the levels attribute is 1 or a list in the case of a multi-index""" + return isinstance(self.levels, list) + + def validate_multiindex( + self, obj: DataFrame | Series + ) -> tuple[DataFrame, list[Hashable]]: + """ + validate that we can store the multi-index; reset and return the + new object + """ + levels = com.fill_missing_names(obj.index.names) + try: + reset_obj = obj.reset_index() + except ValueError as err: + raise ValueError( + "duplicate names/columns in the multi-index when storing as a table" + ) from err + assert isinstance(reset_obj, DataFrame) # for mypy + return reset_obj, levels + + @property + def nrows_expected(self) -> int: + """based on our axes, compute the expected nrows""" + return np.prod([i.cvalues.shape[0] for i in self.index_axes]) + + @property + def is_exists(self) -> bool: + """has this table been created""" + return "table" in self.group + + @property + def storable(self): + return getattr(self.group, "table", None) + + @property + def table(self): + """return the table group (this is my storable)""" + return self.storable + + @property + def dtype(self): + return self.table.dtype + + @property + def description(self): + return self.table.description + + @property + def axes(self) -> itertools.chain[IndexCol]: + return itertools.chain(self.index_axes, self.values_axes) + + @property + def ncols(self) -> int: + """the number of total columns in the values axes""" + return sum(len(a.values) for a in self.values_axes) + + @property + def is_transposed(self) -> bool: + return False + + @property + def data_orientation(self) -> tuple[int, ...]: + """return a tuple of my permutated axes, non_indexable at the front""" + return tuple( + itertools.chain( + [int(a[0]) for a in self.non_index_axes], + [int(a.axis) for a in self.index_axes], + ) + ) + + def queryables(self) -> dict[str, Any]: + """return a dict of the kinds allowable columns for this object""" + # mypy doesn't recognize DataFrame._AXIS_NAMES, so we re-write it here + axis_names = {0: "index", 1: "columns"} + + # compute the values_axes queryables + d1 = [(a.cname, a) for a in self.index_axes] + d2 = [(axis_names[axis], None) for axis, values in self.non_index_axes] + d3 = [ + (v.cname, v) for v in self.values_axes if v.name in set(self.data_columns) + ] + + return dict(d1 + d2 + d3) + + def index_cols(self): + """return a list of my index cols""" + # Note: each `i.cname` below is assured to be a str. + return [(i.axis, i.cname) for i in self.index_axes] + + def values_cols(self) -> list[str]: + """return a list of my values cols""" + return [i.cname for i in self.values_axes] + + def _get_metadata_path(self, key: str) -> str: + """return the metadata pathname for this key""" + group = self.group._v_pathname + return f"{group}/meta/{key}/meta" + + def write_metadata(self, key: str, values: np.ndarray) -> None: + """ + Write out a metadata array to the key as a fixed-format Series. + + Parameters + ---------- + key : str + values : ndarray + """ + self.parent.put( + self._get_metadata_path(key), + Series(values, copy=False), + format="table", + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + nan_rep=self.nan_rep, + ) + + def read_metadata(self, key: str): + """return the meta data array for this key""" + if getattr(getattr(self.group, "meta", None), key, None) is not None: + return self.parent.select(self._get_metadata_path(key)) + return None + + def set_attrs(self) -> None: + """set our table type & indexables""" + self.attrs.table_type = str(self.table_type) + self.attrs.index_cols = self.index_cols() + self.attrs.values_cols = self.values_cols() + self.attrs.non_index_axes = self.non_index_axes + self.attrs.data_columns = self.data_columns + self.attrs.nan_rep = self.nan_rep + self.attrs.encoding = self.encoding + self.attrs.errors = self.errors + self.attrs.levels = self.levels + self.attrs.info = self.info + + def get_attrs(self) -> None: + """retrieve our attributes""" + self.non_index_axes = getattr(self.attrs, "non_index_axes", None) or [] + self.data_columns = getattr(self.attrs, "data_columns", None) or [] + self.info = getattr(self.attrs, "info", None) or {} + self.nan_rep = getattr(self.attrs, "nan_rep", None) + self.encoding = _ensure_encoding(getattr(self.attrs, "encoding", None)) + self.errors = _ensure_decoded(getattr(self.attrs, "errors", "strict")) + self.levels: list[Hashable] = getattr(self.attrs, "levels", None) or [] + self.index_axes = [a for a in self.indexables if a.is_an_indexable] + self.values_axes = [a for a in self.indexables if not a.is_an_indexable] + + def validate_version(self, where=None) -> None: + """are we trying to operate on an old version?""" + if where is not None: + if self.is_old_version: + ws = incompatibility_doc % ".".join([str(x) for x in self.version]) + warnings.warn( + ws, + IncompatibilityWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + def validate_min_itemsize(self, min_itemsize) -> None: + """ + validate the min_itemsize doesn't contain items that are not in the + axes this needs data_columns to be defined + """ + if min_itemsize is None: + return + if not isinstance(min_itemsize, dict): + return + + q = self.queryables() + for k in min_itemsize: + # ok, apply generally + if k == "values": + continue + if k not in q: + raise ValueError( + f"min_itemsize has the key [{k}] which is not an axis or " + "data_column" + ) + + @cache_readonly + def indexables(self): + """create/cache the indexables if they don't exist""" + _indexables = [] + + desc = self.description + table_attrs = self.table.attrs + + # Note: each of the `name` kwargs below are str, ensured + # by the definition in index_cols. + # index columns + for i, (axis, name) in enumerate(self.attrs.index_cols): + atom = getattr(desc, name) + md = self.read_metadata(name) + meta = "category" if md is not None else None + + kind_attr = f"{name}_kind" + kind = getattr(table_attrs, kind_attr, None) + + index_col = IndexCol( + name=name, + axis=axis, + pos=i, + kind=kind, + typ=atom, + table=self.table, + meta=meta, + metadata=md, + ) + _indexables.append(index_col) + + # values columns + dc = set(self.data_columns) + base_pos = len(_indexables) + + def f(i, c): + assert isinstance(c, str) + klass = DataCol + if c in dc: + klass = DataIndexableCol + + atom = getattr(desc, c) + adj_name = _maybe_adjust_name(c, self.version) + + # TODO: why kind_attr here? + values = getattr(table_attrs, f"{adj_name}_kind", None) + dtype = getattr(table_attrs, f"{adj_name}_dtype", None) + # Argument 1 to "_dtype_to_kind" has incompatible type + # "Optional[Any]"; expected "str" [arg-type] + kind = _dtype_to_kind(dtype) # type: ignore[arg-type] + + md = self.read_metadata(c) + # TODO: figure out why these two versions of `meta` dont always match. + # meta = "category" if md is not None else None + meta = getattr(table_attrs, f"{adj_name}_meta", None) + + obj = klass( + name=adj_name, + cname=c, + values=values, + kind=kind, + pos=base_pos + i, + typ=atom, + table=self.table, + meta=meta, + metadata=md, + dtype=dtype, + ) + return obj + + # Note: the definition of `values_cols` ensures that each + # `c` below is a str. + _indexables.extend([f(i, c) for i, c in enumerate(self.attrs.values_cols)]) + + return _indexables + + def create_index( + self, columns=None, optlevel=None, kind: str | None = None + ) -> None: + """ + Create a pytables index on the specified columns. + + Parameters + ---------- + columns : None, bool, or listlike[str] + Indicate which columns to create an index on. + + * False : Do not create any indexes. + * True : Create indexes on all columns. + * None : Create indexes on all columns. + * listlike : Create indexes on the given columns. + + optlevel : int or None, default None + Optimization level, if None, pytables defaults to 6. + kind : str or None, default None + Kind of index, if None, pytables defaults to "medium". + + Raises + ------ + TypeError if trying to create an index on a complex-type column. + + Notes + ----- + Cannot index Time64Col or ComplexCol. + Pytables must be >= 3.0. + """ + if not self.infer_axes(): + return + if columns is False: + return + + # index all indexables and data_columns + if columns is None or columns is True: + columns = [a.cname for a in self.axes if a.is_data_indexable] + if not isinstance(columns, (tuple, list)): + columns = [columns] + + kw = {} + if optlevel is not None: + kw["optlevel"] = optlevel + if kind is not None: + kw["kind"] = kind + + table = self.table + for c in columns: + v = getattr(table.cols, c, None) + if v is not None: + # remove the index if the kind/optlevel have changed + if v.is_indexed: + index = v.index + cur_optlevel = index.optlevel + cur_kind = index.kind + + if kind is not None and cur_kind != kind: + v.remove_index() + else: + kw["kind"] = cur_kind + + if optlevel is not None and cur_optlevel != optlevel: + v.remove_index() + else: + kw["optlevel"] = cur_optlevel + + # create the index + if not v.is_indexed: + if v.type.startswith("complex"): + raise TypeError( + "Columns containing complex values can be stored but " + "cannot be indexed when using table format. Either use " + "fixed format, set index=False, or do not include " + "the columns containing complex values to " + "data_columns when initializing the table." + ) + v.create_index(**kw) + elif c in self.non_index_axes[0][1]: + # GH 28156 + raise AttributeError( + f"column {c} is not a data_column.\n" + f"In order to read column {c} you must reload the dataframe \n" + f"into HDFStore and include {c} with the data_columns argument." + ) + + def _read_axes( + self, where, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ) -> list[tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray] | tuple[Index, Index]]: + """ + Create the axes sniffed from the table. + + Parameters + ---------- + where : ??? + start : int or None, default None + stop : int or None, default None + + Returns + ------- + List[Tuple[index_values, column_values]] + """ + # create the selection + selection = Selection(self, where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + values = selection.select() + + results = [] + # convert the data + for a in self.axes: + a.set_info(self.info) + res = a.convert( + values, + nan_rep=self.nan_rep, + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + ) + results.append(res) + + return results + + @classmethod + def get_object(cls, obj, transposed: bool): + """return the data for this obj""" + return obj + + def validate_data_columns(self, data_columns, min_itemsize, non_index_axes): + """ + take the input data_columns and min_itemize and create a data + columns spec + """ + if not len(non_index_axes): + return [] + + axis, axis_labels = non_index_axes[0] + info = self.info.get(axis, {}) + if info.get("type") == "MultiIndex" and data_columns: + raise ValueError( + f"cannot use a multi-index on axis [{axis}] with " + f"data_columns {data_columns}" + ) + + # evaluate the passed data_columns, True == use all columns + # take only valid axis labels + if data_columns is True: + data_columns = list(axis_labels) + elif data_columns is None: + data_columns = [] + + # if min_itemsize is a dict, add the keys (exclude 'values') + if isinstance(min_itemsize, dict): + existing_data_columns = set(data_columns) + data_columns = list(data_columns) # ensure we do not modify + data_columns.extend( + [ + k + for k in min_itemsize.keys() + if k != "values" and k not in existing_data_columns + ] + ) + + # return valid columns in the order of our axis + return [c for c in data_columns if c in axis_labels] + + def _create_axes( + self, + axes, + obj: DataFrame, + validate: bool = True, + nan_rep=None, + data_columns=None, + min_itemsize=None, + ): + """ + Create and return the axes. + + Parameters + ---------- + axes: list or None + The names or numbers of the axes to create. + obj : DataFrame + The object to create axes on. + validate: bool, default True + Whether to validate the obj against an existing object already written. + nan_rep : + A value to use for string column nan_rep. + data_columns : List[str], True, or None, default None + Specify the columns that we want to create to allow indexing on. + + * True : Use all available columns. + * None : Use no columns. + * List[str] : Use the specified columns. + + min_itemsize: Dict[str, int] or None, default None + The min itemsize for a column in bytes. + """ + if not isinstance(obj, DataFrame): + group = self.group._v_name + raise TypeError( + f"cannot properly create the storer for: [group->{group}," + f"value->{type(obj)}]" + ) + + # set the default axes if needed + if axes is None: + axes = [0] + + # map axes to numbers + axes = [obj._get_axis_number(a) for a in axes] + + # do we have an existing table (if so, use its axes & data_columns) + if self.infer_axes(): + table_exists = True + axes = [a.axis for a in self.index_axes] + data_columns = list(self.data_columns) + nan_rep = self.nan_rep + # TODO: do we always have validate=True here? + else: + table_exists = False + + new_info = self.info + + assert self.ndim == 2 # with next check, we must have len(axes) == 1 + # currently support on ndim-1 axes + if len(axes) != self.ndim - 1: + raise ValueError( + "currently only support ndim-1 indexers in an AppendableTable" + ) + + # create according to the new data + new_non_index_axes: list = [] + + # nan_representation + if nan_rep is None: + nan_rep = "nan" + + # We construct the non-index-axis first, since that alters new_info + idx = next(x for x in [0, 1] if x not in axes) + + a = obj.axes[idx] + # we might be able to change the axes on the appending data if necessary + append_axis = list(a) + if table_exists: + indexer = len(new_non_index_axes) # i.e. 0 + exist_axis = self.non_index_axes[indexer][1] + if not array_equivalent( + np.array(append_axis), + np.array(exist_axis), + strict_nan=True, + dtype_equal=True, + ): + # ahah! -> reindex + if array_equivalent( + np.array(sorted(append_axis)), + np.array(sorted(exist_axis)), + strict_nan=True, + dtype_equal=True, + ): + append_axis = exist_axis + + # the non_index_axes info + info = new_info.setdefault(idx, {}) + info["names"] = list(a.names) + info["type"] = type(a).__name__ + + new_non_index_axes.append((idx, append_axis)) + + # Now we can construct our new index axis + idx = axes[0] + a = obj.axes[idx] + axis_name = obj._get_axis_name(idx) + new_index = _convert_index(axis_name, a, self.encoding, self.errors) + new_index.axis = idx + + # Because we are always 2D, there is only one new_index, so + # we know it will have pos=0 + new_index.set_pos(0) + new_index.update_info(new_info) + new_index.maybe_set_size(min_itemsize) # check for column conflicts + + new_index_axes = [new_index] + j = len(new_index_axes) # i.e. 1 + assert j == 1 + + # reindex by our non_index_axes & compute data_columns + assert len(new_non_index_axes) == 1 + for a in new_non_index_axes: + obj = _reindex_axis(obj, a[0], a[1]) + + transposed = new_index.axis == 1 + + # figure out data_columns and get out blocks + data_columns = self.validate_data_columns( + data_columns, min_itemsize, new_non_index_axes + ) + + frame = self.get_object(obj, transposed)._consolidate() + + blocks, blk_items = self._get_blocks_and_items( + frame, table_exists, new_non_index_axes, self.values_axes, data_columns + ) + + # add my values + vaxes = [] + for i, (blk, b_items) in enumerate(zip(blocks, blk_items)): + # shape of the data column are the indexable axes + klass = DataCol + name = None + + # we have a data_column + if data_columns and len(b_items) == 1 and b_items[0] in data_columns: + klass = DataIndexableCol + name = b_items[0] + if not (name is None or isinstance(name, str)): + # TODO: should the message here be more specifically non-str? + raise ValueError("cannot have non-object label DataIndexableCol") + + # make sure that we match up the existing columns + # if we have an existing table + existing_col: DataCol | None + + if table_exists and validate: + try: + existing_col = self.values_axes[i] + except (IndexError, KeyError) as err: + raise ValueError( + f"Incompatible appended table [{blocks}]" + f"with existing table [{self.values_axes}]" + ) from err + else: + existing_col = None + + new_name = name or f"values_block_{i}" + data_converted = _maybe_convert_for_string_atom( + new_name, + blk.values, + existing_col=existing_col, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + columns=b_items, + ) + adj_name = _maybe_adjust_name(new_name, self.version) + + typ = klass._get_atom(data_converted) + kind = _dtype_to_kind(data_converted.dtype.name) + tz = None + if getattr(data_converted, "tz", None) is not None: + tz = _get_tz(data_converted.tz) + + meta = metadata = ordered = None + if isinstance(data_converted.dtype, CategoricalDtype): + ordered = data_converted.ordered + meta = "category" + metadata = np.asarray(data_converted.categories).ravel() + + data, dtype_name = _get_data_and_dtype_name(data_converted) + + col = klass( + name=adj_name, + cname=new_name, + values=list(b_items), + typ=typ, + pos=j, + kind=kind, + tz=tz, + ordered=ordered, + meta=meta, + metadata=metadata, + dtype=dtype_name, + data=data, + ) + col.update_info(new_info) + + vaxes.append(col) + + j += 1 + + dcs = [col.name for col in vaxes if col.is_data_indexable] + + new_table = type(self)( + parent=self.parent, + group=self.group, + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + index_axes=new_index_axes, + non_index_axes=new_non_index_axes, + values_axes=vaxes, + data_columns=dcs, + info=new_info, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + ) + if hasattr(self, "levels"): + # TODO: get this into constructor, only for appropriate subclass + new_table.levels = self.levels + + new_table.validate_min_itemsize(min_itemsize) + + if validate and table_exists: + new_table.validate(self) + + return new_table + + @staticmethod + def _get_blocks_and_items( + frame: DataFrame, + table_exists: bool, + new_non_index_axes, + values_axes, + data_columns, + ): + # Helper to clarify non-state-altering parts of _create_axes + + # TODO(ArrayManager) HDFStore relies on accessing the blocks + if isinstance(frame._mgr, ArrayManager): + frame = frame._as_manager("block") + + def get_blk_items(mgr): + return [mgr.items.take(blk.mgr_locs) for blk in mgr.blocks] + + mgr = frame._mgr + mgr = cast(BlockManager, mgr) + blocks: list[Block] = list(mgr.blocks) + blk_items: list[Index] = get_blk_items(mgr) + + if len(data_columns): + # TODO: prove that we only get here with axis == 1? + # It is the case in all extant tests, but NOT the case + # outside this `if len(data_columns)` check. + + axis, axis_labels = new_non_index_axes[0] + new_labels = Index(axis_labels).difference(Index(data_columns)) + mgr = frame.reindex(new_labels, axis=axis)._mgr + mgr = cast(BlockManager, mgr) + + blocks = list(mgr.blocks) + blk_items = get_blk_items(mgr) + for c in data_columns: + # This reindex would raise ValueError if we had a duplicate + # index, so we can infer that (as long as axis==1) we + # get a single column back, so a single block. + mgr = frame.reindex([c], axis=axis)._mgr + mgr = cast(BlockManager, mgr) + blocks.extend(mgr.blocks) + blk_items.extend(get_blk_items(mgr)) + + # reorder the blocks in the same order as the existing table if we can + if table_exists: + by_items = { + tuple(b_items.tolist()): (b, b_items) + for b, b_items in zip(blocks, blk_items) + } + new_blocks: list[Block] = [] + new_blk_items = [] + for ea in values_axes: + items = tuple(ea.values) + try: + b, b_items = by_items.pop(items) + new_blocks.append(b) + new_blk_items.append(b_items) + except (IndexError, KeyError) as err: + jitems = ",".join([pprint_thing(item) for item in items]) + raise ValueError( + f"cannot match existing table structure for [{jitems}] " + "on appending data" + ) from err + blocks = new_blocks + blk_items = new_blk_items + + return blocks, blk_items + + def process_axes(self, obj, selection: Selection, columns=None) -> DataFrame: + """process axes filters""" + # make a copy to avoid side effects + if columns is not None: + columns = list(columns) + + # make sure to include levels if we have them + if columns is not None and self.is_multi_index: + assert isinstance(self.levels, list) # assured by is_multi_index + for n in self.levels: + if n not in columns: + columns.insert(0, n) + + # reorder by any non_index_axes & limit to the select columns + for axis, labels in self.non_index_axes: + obj = _reindex_axis(obj, axis, labels, columns) + + def process_filter(field, filt, op): + for axis_name in obj._AXIS_ORDERS: + axis_number = obj._get_axis_number(axis_name) + axis_values = obj._get_axis(axis_name) + assert axis_number is not None + + # see if the field is the name of an axis + if field == axis_name: + # if we have a multi-index, then need to include + # the levels + if self.is_multi_index: + filt = filt.union(Index(self.levels)) + + takers = op(axis_values, filt) + return obj.loc(axis=axis_number)[takers] + + # this might be the name of a file IN an axis + elif field in axis_values: + # we need to filter on this dimension + values = ensure_index(getattr(obj, field).values) + filt = ensure_index(filt) + + # hack until we support reversed dim flags + if isinstance(obj, DataFrame): + axis_number = 1 - axis_number + + takers = op(values, filt) + return obj.loc(axis=axis_number)[takers] + + raise ValueError(f"cannot find the field [{field}] for filtering!") + + # apply the selection filters (but keep in the same order) + if selection.filter is not None: + for field, op, filt in selection.filter.format(): + obj = process_filter(field, filt, op) + + return obj + + def create_description( + self, + complib, + complevel: int | None, + fletcher32: bool, + expectedrows: int | None, + ) -> dict[str, Any]: + """create the description of the table from the axes & values""" + # provided expected rows if its passed + if expectedrows is None: + expectedrows = max(self.nrows_expected, 10000) + + d = {"name": "table", "expectedrows": expectedrows} + + # description from the axes & values + d["description"] = {a.cname: a.typ for a in self.axes} + + if complib: + if complevel is None: + complevel = self._complevel or 9 + filters = _tables().Filters( + complevel=complevel, + complib=complib, + fletcher32=fletcher32 or self._fletcher32, + ) + d["filters"] = filters + elif self._filters is not None: + d["filters"] = self._filters + + return d + + def read_coordinates( + self, where=None, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None + ): + """ + select coordinates (row numbers) from a table; return the + coordinates object + """ + # validate the version + self.validate_version(where) + + # infer the data kind + if not self.infer_axes(): + return False + + # create the selection + selection = Selection(self, where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + coords = selection.select_coords() + if selection.filter is not None: + for field, op, filt in selection.filter.format(): + data = self.read_column( + field, start=coords.min(), stop=coords.max() + 1 + ) + coords = coords[op(data.iloc[coords - coords.min()], filt).values] + + return Index(coords) + + def read_column( + self, + column: str, + where=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + """ + return a single column from the table, generally only indexables + are interesting + """ + # validate the version + self.validate_version() + + # infer the data kind + if not self.infer_axes(): + return False + + if where is not None: + raise TypeError("read_column does not currently accept a where clause") + + # find the axes + for a in self.axes: + if column == a.name: + if not a.is_data_indexable: + raise ValueError( + f"column [{column}] can not be extracted individually; " + "it is not data indexable" + ) + + # column must be an indexable or a data column + c = getattr(self.table.cols, column) + a.set_info(self.info) + col_values = a.convert( + c[start:stop], + nan_rep=self.nan_rep, + encoding=self.encoding, + errors=self.errors, + ) + return Series(_set_tz(col_values[1], a.tz), name=column, copy=False) + + raise KeyError(f"column [{column}] not found in the table") + + +class WORMTable(Table): + """ + a write-once read-many table: this format DOES NOT ALLOW appending to a + table. writing is a one-time operation the data are stored in a format + that allows for searching the data on disk + """ + + table_type = "worm" + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + """ + read the indices and the indexing array, calculate offset rows and return + """ + raise NotImplementedError("WORMTable needs to implement read") + + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: + """ + write in a format that we can search later on (but cannot append + to): write out the indices and the values using _write_array + (e.g. a CArray) create an indexing table so that we can search + """ + raise NotImplementedError("WORMTable needs to implement write") + + +class AppendableTable(Table): + """support the new appendable table formats""" + + table_type = "appendable" + + # error: Signature of "write" incompatible with supertype "Fixed" + def write( # type: ignore[override] + self, + obj, + axes=None, + append: bool = False, + complib=None, + complevel=None, + fletcher32=None, + min_itemsize=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + expectedrows=None, + dropna: bool = False, + nan_rep=None, + data_columns=None, + track_times: bool = True, + ) -> None: + if not append and self.is_exists: + self._handle.remove_node(self.group, "table") + + # create the axes + table = self._create_axes( + axes=axes, + obj=obj, + validate=append, + min_itemsize=min_itemsize, + nan_rep=nan_rep, + data_columns=data_columns, + ) + + for a in table.axes: + a.validate_names() + + if not table.is_exists: + # create the table + options = table.create_description( + complib=complib, + complevel=complevel, + fletcher32=fletcher32, + expectedrows=expectedrows, + ) + + # set the table attributes + table.set_attrs() + + options["track_times"] = track_times + + # create the table + table._handle.create_table(table.group, **options) + + # update my info + table.attrs.info = table.info + + # validate the axes and set the kinds + for a in table.axes: + a.validate_and_set(table, append) + + # add the rows + table.write_data(chunksize, dropna=dropna) + + def write_data(self, chunksize: int | None, dropna: bool = False) -> None: + """ + we form the data into a 2-d including indexes,values,mask write chunk-by-chunk + """ + names = self.dtype.names + nrows = self.nrows_expected + + # if dropna==True, then drop ALL nan rows + masks = [] + if dropna: + for a in self.values_axes: + # figure the mask: only do if we can successfully process this + # column, otherwise ignore the mask + mask = isna(a.data).all(axis=0) + if isinstance(mask, np.ndarray): + masks.append(mask.astype("u1", copy=False)) + + # consolidate masks + if len(masks): + mask = masks[0] + for m in masks[1:]: + mask = mask & m + mask = mask.ravel() + else: + mask = None + + # broadcast the indexes if needed + indexes = [a.cvalues for a in self.index_axes] + nindexes = len(indexes) + assert nindexes == 1, nindexes # ensures we dont need to broadcast + + # transpose the values so first dimension is last + # reshape the values if needed + values = [a.take_data() for a in self.values_axes] + values = [v.transpose(np.roll(np.arange(v.ndim), v.ndim - 1)) for v in values] + bvalues = [] + for i, v in enumerate(values): + new_shape = (nrows,) + self.dtype[names[nindexes + i]].shape + bvalues.append(v.reshape(new_shape)) + + # write the chunks + if chunksize is None: + chunksize = 100000 + + rows = np.empty(min(chunksize, nrows), dtype=self.dtype) + chunks = nrows // chunksize + 1 + for i in range(chunks): + start_i = i * chunksize + end_i = min((i + 1) * chunksize, nrows) + if start_i >= end_i: + break + + self.write_data_chunk( + rows, + indexes=[a[start_i:end_i] for a in indexes], + mask=mask[start_i:end_i] if mask is not None else None, + values=[v[start_i:end_i] for v in bvalues], + ) + + def write_data_chunk( + self, + rows: np.ndarray, + indexes: list[np.ndarray], + mask: npt.NDArray[np.bool_] | None, + values: list[np.ndarray], + ) -> None: + """ + Parameters + ---------- + rows : an empty memory space where we are putting the chunk + indexes : an array of the indexes + mask : an array of the masks + values : an array of the values + """ + # 0 len + for v in values: + if not np.prod(v.shape): + return + + nrows = indexes[0].shape[0] + if nrows != len(rows): + rows = np.empty(nrows, dtype=self.dtype) + names = self.dtype.names + nindexes = len(indexes) + + # indexes + for i, idx in enumerate(indexes): + rows[names[i]] = idx + + # values + for i, v in enumerate(values): + rows[names[i + nindexes]] = v + + # mask + if mask is not None: + m = ~mask.ravel().astype(bool, copy=False) + if not m.all(): + rows = rows[m] + + if len(rows): + self.table.append(rows) + self.table.flush() + + def delete(self, where=None, start: int | None = None, stop: int | None = None): + # delete all rows (and return the nrows) + if where is None or not len(where): + if start is None and stop is None: + nrows = self.nrows + self._handle.remove_node(self.group, recursive=True) + else: + # pytables<3.0 would remove a single row with stop=None + if stop is None: + stop = self.nrows + nrows = self.table.remove_rows(start=start, stop=stop) + self.table.flush() + return nrows + + # infer the data kind + if not self.infer_axes(): + return None + + # create the selection + table = self.table + selection = Selection(self, where, start=start, stop=stop) + values = selection.select_coords() + + # delete the rows in reverse order + sorted_series = Series(values, copy=False).sort_values() + ln = len(sorted_series) + + if ln: + # construct groups of consecutive rows + diff = sorted_series.diff() + groups = list(diff[diff > 1].index) + + # 1 group + if not len(groups): + groups = [0] + + # final element + if groups[-1] != ln: + groups.append(ln) + + # initial element + if groups[0] != 0: + groups.insert(0, 0) + + # we must remove in reverse order! + pg = groups.pop() + for g in reversed(groups): + rows = sorted_series.take(range(g, pg)) + table.remove_rows( + start=rows[rows.index[0]], stop=rows[rows.index[-1]] + 1 + ) + pg = g + + self.table.flush() + + # return the number of rows removed + return ln + + +class AppendableFrameTable(AppendableTable): + """support the new appendable table formats""" + + pandas_kind = "frame_table" + table_type = "appendable_frame" + ndim = 2 + obj_type: type[DataFrame | Series] = DataFrame + + @property + def is_transposed(self) -> bool: + return self.index_axes[0].axis == 1 + + @classmethod + def get_object(cls, obj, transposed: bool): + """these are written transposed""" + if transposed: + obj = obj.T + return obj + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + # validate the version + self.validate_version(where) + + # infer the data kind + if not self.infer_axes(): + return None + + result = self._read_axes(where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + + info = ( + self.info.get(self.non_index_axes[0][0], {}) + if len(self.non_index_axes) + else {} + ) + + inds = [i for i, ax in enumerate(self.axes) if ax is self.index_axes[0]] + assert len(inds) == 1 + ind = inds[0] + + index = result[ind][0] + + frames = [] + for i, a in enumerate(self.axes): + if a not in self.values_axes: + continue + index_vals, cvalues = result[i] + + # we could have a multi-index constructor here + # ensure_index doesn't recognized our list-of-tuples here + if info.get("type") != "MultiIndex": + cols = Index(index_vals) + else: + cols = MultiIndex.from_tuples(index_vals) + + names = info.get("names") + if names is not None: + cols.set_names(names, inplace=True) + + if self.is_transposed: + values = cvalues + index_ = cols + cols_ = Index(index, name=getattr(index, "name", None)) + else: + values = cvalues.T + index_ = Index(index, name=getattr(index, "name", None)) + cols_ = cols + + # if we have a DataIndexableCol, its shape will only be 1 dim + if values.ndim == 1 and isinstance(values, np.ndarray): + values = values.reshape((1, values.shape[0])) + + if isinstance(values, np.ndarray): + df = DataFrame(values.T, columns=cols_, index=index_, copy=False) + elif isinstance(values, Index): + df = DataFrame(values, columns=cols_, index=index_) + else: + # Categorical + df = DataFrame._from_arrays([values], columns=cols_, index=index_) + if not (using_pyarrow_string_dtype() and values.dtype.kind == "O"): + assert (df.dtypes == values.dtype).all(), (df.dtypes, values.dtype) + if using_pyarrow_string_dtype() and is_string_array( + values, # type: ignore[arg-type] + skipna=True, + ): + df = df.astype("string[pyarrow_numpy]") + frames.append(df) + + if len(frames) == 1: + df = frames[0] + else: + df = concat(frames, axis=1) + + selection = Selection(self, where=where, start=start, stop=stop) + # apply the selection filters & axis orderings + df = self.process_axes(df, selection=selection, columns=columns) + return df + + +class AppendableSeriesTable(AppendableFrameTable): + """support the new appendable table formats""" + + pandas_kind = "series_table" + table_type = "appendable_series" + ndim = 2 + obj_type = Series + + @property + def is_transposed(self) -> bool: + return False + + @classmethod + def get_object(cls, obj, transposed: bool): + return obj + + # error: Signature of "write" incompatible with supertype "Fixed" + def write(self, obj, data_columns=None, **kwargs) -> None: # type: ignore[override] + """we are going to write this as a frame table""" + if not isinstance(obj, DataFrame): + name = obj.name or "values" + obj = obj.to_frame(name) + super().write(obj=obj, data_columns=obj.columns.tolist(), **kwargs) + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ) -> Series: + is_multi_index = self.is_multi_index + if columns is not None and is_multi_index: + assert isinstance(self.levels, list) # needed for mypy + for n in self.levels: + if n not in columns: + columns.insert(0, n) + s = super().read(where=where, columns=columns, start=start, stop=stop) + if is_multi_index: + s.set_index(self.levels, inplace=True) + + s = s.iloc[:, 0] + + # remove the default name + if s.name == "values": + s.name = None + return s + + +class AppendableMultiSeriesTable(AppendableSeriesTable): + """support the new appendable table formats""" + + pandas_kind = "series_table" + table_type = "appendable_multiseries" + + # error: Signature of "write" incompatible with supertype "Fixed" + def write(self, obj, **kwargs) -> None: # type: ignore[override] + """we are going to write this as a frame table""" + name = obj.name or "values" + newobj, self.levels = self.validate_multiindex(obj) + assert isinstance(self.levels, list) # for mypy + cols = list(self.levels) + cols.append(name) + newobj.columns = Index(cols) + super().write(obj=newobj, **kwargs) + + +class GenericTable(AppendableFrameTable): + """a table that read/writes the generic pytables table format""" + + pandas_kind = "frame_table" + table_type = "generic_table" + ndim = 2 + obj_type = DataFrame + levels: list[Hashable] + + @property + def pandas_type(self) -> str: + return self.pandas_kind + + @property + def storable(self): + return getattr(self.group, "table", None) or self.group + + def get_attrs(self) -> None: + """retrieve our attributes""" + self.non_index_axes = [] + self.nan_rep = None + self.levels = [] + + self.index_axes = [a for a in self.indexables if a.is_an_indexable] + self.values_axes = [a for a in self.indexables if not a.is_an_indexable] + self.data_columns = [a.name for a in self.values_axes] + + @cache_readonly + def indexables(self): + """create the indexables from the table description""" + d = self.description + + # TODO: can we get a typ for this? AFAICT it is the only place + # where we aren't passing one + # the index columns is just a simple index + md = self.read_metadata("index") + meta = "category" if md is not None else None + index_col = GenericIndexCol( + name="index", axis=0, table=self.table, meta=meta, metadata=md + ) + + _indexables: list[GenericIndexCol | GenericDataIndexableCol] = [index_col] + + for i, n in enumerate(d._v_names): + assert isinstance(n, str) + + atom = getattr(d, n) + md = self.read_metadata(n) + meta = "category" if md is not None else None + dc = GenericDataIndexableCol( + name=n, + pos=i, + values=[n], + typ=atom, + table=self.table, + meta=meta, + metadata=md, + ) + _indexables.append(dc) + + return _indexables + + # error: Signature of "write" incompatible with supertype "AppendableTable" + def write(self, **kwargs) -> None: # type: ignore[override] + raise NotImplementedError("cannot write on an generic table") + + +class AppendableMultiFrameTable(AppendableFrameTable): + """a frame with a multi-index""" + + table_type = "appendable_multiframe" + obj_type = DataFrame + ndim = 2 + _re_levels = re.compile(r"^level_\d+$") + + @property + def table_type_short(self) -> str: + return "appendable_multi" + + # error: Signature of "write" incompatible with supertype "Fixed" + def write(self, obj, data_columns=None, **kwargs) -> None: # type: ignore[override] + if data_columns is None: + data_columns = [] + elif data_columns is True: + data_columns = obj.columns.tolist() + obj, self.levels = self.validate_multiindex(obj) + assert isinstance(self.levels, list) # for mypy + for n in self.levels: + if n not in data_columns: + data_columns.insert(0, n) + super().write(obj=obj, data_columns=data_columns, **kwargs) + + def read( + self, + where=None, + columns=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ): + df = super().read(where=where, columns=columns, start=start, stop=stop) + df = df.set_index(self.levels) + + # remove names for 'level_%d' + df.index = df.index.set_names( + [None if self._re_levels.search(name) else name for name in df.index.names] + ) + + return df + + +def _reindex_axis( + obj: DataFrame, axis: AxisInt, labels: Index, other=None +) -> DataFrame: + ax = obj._get_axis(axis) + labels = ensure_index(labels) + + # try not to reindex even if other is provided + # if it equals our current index + if other is not None: + other = ensure_index(other) + if (other is None or labels.equals(other)) and labels.equals(ax): + return obj + + labels = ensure_index(labels.unique()) + if other is not None: + labels = ensure_index(other.unique()).intersection(labels, sort=False) + if not labels.equals(ax): + slicer: list[slice | Index] = [slice(None, None)] * obj.ndim + slicer[axis] = labels + obj = obj.loc[tuple(slicer)] + return obj + + +# tz to/from coercion + + +def _get_tz(tz: tzinfo) -> str | tzinfo: + """for a tz-aware type, return an encoded zone""" + zone = timezones.get_timezone(tz) + return zone + + +@overload +def _set_tz( + values: np.ndarray | Index, tz: str | tzinfo, coerce: bool = False +) -> DatetimeIndex: + ... + + +@overload +def _set_tz(values: np.ndarray | Index, tz: None, coerce: bool = False) -> np.ndarray: + ... + + +def _set_tz( + values: np.ndarray | Index, tz: str | tzinfo | None, coerce: bool = False +) -> np.ndarray | DatetimeIndex: + """ + coerce the values to a DatetimeIndex if tz is set + preserve the input shape if possible + + Parameters + ---------- + values : ndarray or Index + tz : str or tzinfo + coerce : if we do not have a passed timezone, coerce to M8[ns] ndarray + """ + if isinstance(values, DatetimeIndex): + # If values is tzaware, the tz gets dropped in the values.ravel() + # call below (which returns an ndarray). So we are only non-lossy + # if `tz` matches `values.tz`. + assert values.tz is None or values.tz == tz + if values.tz is not None: + return values + + if tz is not None: + if isinstance(values, DatetimeIndex): + name = values.name + else: + name = None + values = values.ravel() + + tz = _ensure_decoded(tz) + values = DatetimeIndex(values, name=name) + values = values.tz_localize("UTC").tz_convert(tz) + elif coerce: + values = np.asarray(values, dtype="M8[ns]") + + # error: Incompatible return value type (got "Union[ndarray, Index]", + # expected "Union[ndarray, DatetimeIndex]") + return values # type: ignore[return-value] + + +def _convert_index(name: str, index: Index, encoding: str, errors: str) -> IndexCol: + assert isinstance(name, str) + + index_name = index.name + # error: Argument 1 to "_get_data_and_dtype_name" has incompatible type "Index"; + # expected "Union[ExtensionArray, ndarray]" + converted, dtype_name = _get_data_and_dtype_name(index) # type: ignore[arg-type] + kind = _dtype_to_kind(dtype_name) + atom = DataIndexableCol._get_atom(converted) + + if ( + lib.is_np_dtype(index.dtype, "iu") + or needs_i8_conversion(index.dtype) + or is_bool_dtype(index.dtype) + ): + # Includes Index, RangeIndex, DatetimeIndex, TimedeltaIndex, PeriodIndex, + # in which case "kind" is "integer", "integer", "datetime64", + # "timedelta64", and "integer", respectively. + return IndexCol( + name, + values=converted, + kind=kind, + typ=atom, + freq=getattr(index, "freq", None), + tz=getattr(index, "tz", None), + index_name=index_name, + ) + + if isinstance(index, MultiIndex): + raise TypeError("MultiIndex not supported here!") + + inferred_type = lib.infer_dtype(index, skipna=False) + # we won't get inferred_type of "datetime64" or "timedelta64" as these + # would go through the DatetimeIndex/TimedeltaIndex paths above + + values = np.asarray(index) + + if inferred_type == "date": + converted = np.asarray([v.toordinal() for v in values], dtype=np.int32) + return IndexCol( + name, converted, "date", _tables().Time32Col(), index_name=index_name + ) + elif inferred_type == "string": + converted = _convert_string_array(values, encoding, errors) + itemsize = converted.dtype.itemsize + return IndexCol( + name, + converted, + "string", + _tables().StringCol(itemsize), + index_name=index_name, + ) + + elif inferred_type in ["integer", "floating"]: + return IndexCol( + name, values=converted, kind=kind, typ=atom, index_name=index_name + ) + else: + assert isinstance(converted, np.ndarray) and converted.dtype == object + assert kind == "object", kind + atom = _tables().ObjectAtom() + return IndexCol(name, converted, kind, atom, index_name=index_name) + + +def _unconvert_index(data, kind: str, encoding: str, errors: str) -> np.ndarray | Index: + index: Index | np.ndarray + + if kind.startswith("datetime64"): + if kind == "datetime64": + # created before we stored resolution information + index = DatetimeIndex(data) + else: + index = DatetimeIndex(data.view(kind)) + elif kind == "timedelta64": + index = TimedeltaIndex(data) + elif kind == "date": + try: + index = np.asarray([date.fromordinal(v) for v in data], dtype=object) + except ValueError: + index = np.asarray([date.fromtimestamp(v) for v in data], dtype=object) + elif kind in ("integer", "float", "bool"): + index = np.asarray(data) + elif kind in ("string"): + index = _unconvert_string_array( + data, nan_rep=None, encoding=encoding, errors=errors + ) + elif kind == "object": + index = np.asarray(data[0]) + else: # pragma: no cover + raise ValueError(f"unrecognized index type {kind}") + return index + + +def _maybe_convert_for_string_atom( + name: str, + bvalues: ArrayLike, + existing_col, + min_itemsize, + nan_rep, + encoding, + errors, + columns: list[str], +): + if bvalues.dtype != object: + return bvalues + + bvalues = cast(np.ndarray, bvalues) + + dtype_name = bvalues.dtype.name + inferred_type = lib.infer_dtype(bvalues, skipna=False) + + if inferred_type == "date": + raise TypeError("[date] is not implemented as a table column") + if inferred_type == "datetime": + # after GH#8260 + # this only would be hit for a multi-timezone dtype which is an error + raise TypeError( + "too many timezones in this block, create separate data columns" + ) + + if not (inferred_type == "string" or dtype_name == "object"): + return bvalues + + mask = isna(bvalues) + data = bvalues.copy() + data[mask] = nan_rep + + # see if we have a valid string type + inferred_type = lib.infer_dtype(data, skipna=False) + if inferred_type != "string": + # we cannot serialize this data, so report an exception on a column + # by column basis + + # expected behaviour: + # search block for a non-string object column by column + for i in range(data.shape[0]): + col = data[i] + inferred_type = lib.infer_dtype(col, skipna=False) + if inferred_type != "string": + error_column_label = columns[i] if len(columns) > i else f"No.{i}" + raise TypeError( + f"Cannot serialize the column [{error_column_label}]\n" + f"because its data contents are not [string] but " + f"[{inferred_type}] object dtype" + ) + + # itemsize is the maximum length of a string (along any dimension) + + data_converted = _convert_string_array(data, encoding, errors).reshape(data.shape) + itemsize = data_converted.itemsize + + # specified min_itemsize? + if isinstance(min_itemsize, dict): + min_itemsize = int(min_itemsize.get(name) or min_itemsize.get("values") or 0) + itemsize = max(min_itemsize or 0, itemsize) + + # check for column in the values conflicts + if existing_col is not None: + eci = existing_col.validate_col(itemsize) + if eci is not None and eci > itemsize: + itemsize = eci + + data_converted = data_converted.astype(f"|S{itemsize}", copy=False) + return data_converted + + +def _convert_string_array(data: np.ndarray, encoding: str, errors: str) -> np.ndarray: + """ + Take a string-like that is object dtype and coerce to a fixed size string type. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : np.ndarray[object] + encoding : str + errors : str + Handler for encoding errors. + + Returns + ------- + np.ndarray[fixed-length-string] + """ + # encode if needed + if len(data): + data = ( + Series(data.ravel(), copy=False) + .str.encode(encoding, errors) + ._values.reshape(data.shape) + ) + + # create the sized dtype + ensured = ensure_object(data.ravel()) + itemsize = max(1, libwriters.max_len_string_array(ensured)) + + data = np.asarray(data, dtype=f"S{itemsize}") + return data + + +def _unconvert_string_array( + data: np.ndarray, nan_rep, encoding: str, errors: str +) -> np.ndarray: + """ + Inverse of _convert_string_array. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : np.ndarray[fixed-length-string] + nan_rep : the storage repr of NaN + encoding : str + errors : str + Handler for encoding errors. + + Returns + ------- + np.ndarray[object] + Decoded data. + """ + shape = data.shape + data = np.asarray(data.ravel(), dtype=object) + + if len(data): + itemsize = libwriters.max_len_string_array(ensure_object(data)) + dtype = f"U{itemsize}" + + if isinstance(data[0], bytes): + data = Series(data, copy=False).str.decode(encoding, errors=errors)._values + else: + data = data.astype(dtype, copy=False).astype(object, copy=False) + + if nan_rep is None: + nan_rep = "nan" + + libwriters.string_array_replace_from_nan_rep(data, nan_rep) + return data.reshape(shape) + + +def _maybe_convert(values: np.ndarray, val_kind: str, encoding: str, errors: str): + assert isinstance(val_kind, str), type(val_kind) + if _need_convert(val_kind): + conv = _get_converter(val_kind, encoding, errors) + values = conv(values) + return values + + +def _get_converter(kind: str, encoding: str, errors: str): + if kind == "datetime64": + return lambda x: np.asarray(x, dtype="M8[ns]") + elif "datetime64" in kind: + return lambda x: np.asarray(x, dtype=kind) + elif kind == "string": + return lambda x: _unconvert_string_array( + x, nan_rep=None, encoding=encoding, errors=errors + ) + else: # pragma: no cover + raise ValueError(f"invalid kind {kind}") + + +def _need_convert(kind: str) -> bool: + if kind in ("datetime64", "string") or "datetime64" in kind: + return True + return False + + +def _maybe_adjust_name(name: str, version: Sequence[int]) -> str: + """ + Prior to 0.10.1, we named values blocks like: values_block_0 an the + name values_0, adjust the given name if necessary. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + version : Tuple[int, int, int] + + Returns + ------- + str + """ + if isinstance(version, str) or len(version) < 3: + raise ValueError("Version is incorrect, expected sequence of 3 integers.") + + if version[0] == 0 and version[1] <= 10 and version[2] == 0: + m = re.search(r"values_block_(\d+)", name) + if m: + grp = m.groups()[0] + name = f"values_{grp}" + return name + + +def _dtype_to_kind(dtype_str: str) -> str: + """ + Find the "kind" string describing the given dtype name. + """ + dtype_str = _ensure_decoded(dtype_str) + + if dtype_str.startswith(("string", "bytes")): + kind = "string" + elif dtype_str.startswith("float"): + kind = "float" + elif dtype_str.startswith("complex"): + kind = "complex" + elif dtype_str.startswith(("int", "uint")): + kind = "integer" + elif dtype_str.startswith("datetime64"): + kind = dtype_str + elif dtype_str.startswith("timedelta"): + kind = "timedelta64" + elif dtype_str.startswith("bool"): + kind = "bool" + elif dtype_str.startswith("category"): + kind = "category" + elif dtype_str.startswith("period"): + # We store the `freq` attr so we can restore from integers + kind = "integer" + elif dtype_str == "object": + kind = "object" + else: + raise ValueError(f"cannot interpret dtype of [{dtype_str}]") + + return kind + + +def _get_data_and_dtype_name(data: ArrayLike): + """ + Convert the passed data into a storable form and a dtype string. + """ + if isinstance(data, Categorical): + data = data.codes + + if isinstance(data.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype): + # For datetime64tz we need to drop the TZ in tests TODO: why? + dtype_name = f"datetime64[{data.dtype.unit}]" + else: + dtype_name = data.dtype.name + + if data.dtype.kind in "mM": + data = np.asarray(data.view("i8")) + # TODO: we used to reshape for the dt64tz case, but no longer + # doing that doesn't seem to break anything. why? + + elif isinstance(data, PeriodIndex): + data = data.asi8 + + data = np.asarray(data) + return data, dtype_name + + +class Selection: + """ + Carries out a selection operation on a tables.Table object. + + Parameters + ---------- + table : a Table object + where : list of Terms (or convertible to) + start, stop: indices to start and/or stop selection + + """ + + def __init__( + self, + table: Table, + where=None, + start: int | None = None, + stop: int | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.table = table + self.where = where + self.start = start + self.stop = stop + self.condition = None + self.filter = None + self.terms = None + self.coordinates = None + + if is_list_like(where): + # see if we have a passed coordinate like + with suppress(ValueError): + inferred = lib.infer_dtype(where, skipna=False) + if inferred in ("integer", "boolean"): + where = np.asarray(where) + if where.dtype == np.bool_: + start, stop = self.start, self.stop + if start is None: + start = 0 + if stop is None: + stop = self.table.nrows + self.coordinates = np.arange(start, stop)[where] + elif issubclass(where.dtype.type, np.integer): + if (self.start is not None and (where < self.start).any()) or ( + self.stop is not None and (where >= self.stop).any() + ): + raise ValueError( + "where must have index locations >= start and < stop" + ) + self.coordinates = where + + if self.coordinates is None: + self.terms = self.generate(where) + + # create the numexpr & the filter + if self.terms is not None: + self.condition, self.filter = self.terms.evaluate() + + def generate(self, where): + """where can be a : dict,list,tuple,string""" + if where is None: + return None + + q = self.table.queryables() + try: + return PyTablesExpr(where, queryables=q, encoding=self.table.encoding) + except NameError as err: + # raise a nice message, suggesting that the user should use + # data_columns + qkeys = ",".join(q.keys()) + msg = dedent( + f"""\ + The passed where expression: {where} + contains an invalid variable reference + all of the variable references must be a reference to + an axis (e.g. 'index' or 'columns'), or a data_column + The currently defined references are: {qkeys} + """ + ) + raise ValueError(msg) from err + + def select(self): + """ + generate the selection + """ + if self.condition is not None: + return self.table.table.read_where( + self.condition.format(), start=self.start, stop=self.stop + ) + elif self.coordinates is not None: + return self.table.table.read_coordinates(self.coordinates) + return self.table.table.read(start=self.start, stop=self.stop) + + def select_coords(self): + """ + generate the selection + """ + start, stop = self.start, self.stop + nrows = self.table.nrows + if start is None: + start = 0 + elif start < 0: + start += nrows + if stop is None: + stop = nrows + elif stop < 0: + stop += nrows + + if self.condition is not None: + return self.table.table.get_where_list( + self.condition.format(), start=start, stop=stop, sort=True + ) + elif self.coordinates is not None: + return self.coordinates + + return np.arange(start, stop) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/spss.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/spss.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..db31a07df79e6de2862e57fd75de0bd4b9c2455d --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/spss.py @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +from pandas.core.dtypes.inference import is_list_like + +from pandas.io.common import stringify_path + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import Sequence + from pathlib import Path + + from pandas._typing import DtypeBackend + + from pandas import DataFrame + + +def read_spss( + path: str | Path, + usecols: Sequence[str] | None = None, + convert_categoricals: bool = True, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Load an SPSS file from the file path, returning a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + path : str or Path + File path. + usecols : list-like, optional + Return a subset of the columns. If None, return all columns. + convert_categoricals : bool, default is True + Convert categorical columns into pd.Categorical. + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.read_spss("spss_data.sav") # doctest: +SKIP + """ + pyreadstat = import_optional_dependency("pyreadstat") + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + if usecols is not None: + if not is_list_like(usecols): + raise TypeError("usecols must be list-like.") + usecols = list(usecols) # pyreadstat requires a list + + df, metadata = pyreadstat.read_sav( + stringify_path(path), usecols=usecols, apply_value_formats=convert_categoricals + ) + df.attrs = metadata.__dict__ + if dtype_backend is not lib.no_default: + df = df.convert_dtypes(dtype_backend=dtype_backend) + return df diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3e17175167f25a4bfc7eb559070927f56dc84eae --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/sql.py @@ -0,0 +1,2926 @@ +""" +Collection of query wrappers / abstractions to both facilitate data +retrieval and to reduce dependency on DB-specific API. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +from abc import ( + ABC, + abstractmethod, +) +from contextlib import ( + ExitStack, + contextmanager, +) +from datetime import ( + date, + datetime, + time, +) +from functools import partial +import re +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Callable, + Literal, + cast, + overload, +) +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._config import using_pyarrow_string_dtype + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.errors import ( + AbstractMethodError, + DatabaseError, +) +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import ( + is_dict_like, + is_list_like, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import ( + ArrowDtype, + DatetimeTZDtype, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.missing import isna + +from pandas import get_option +from pandas.core.api import ( + DataFrame, + Series, +) +from pandas.core.arrays import ArrowExtensionArray +from pandas.core.base import PandasObject +import pandas.core.common as com +from pandas.core.common import maybe_make_list +from pandas.core.internals.construction import convert_object_array +from pandas.core.tools.datetimes import to_datetime + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Iterator, + Mapping, + ) + + from sqlalchemy import Table + from sqlalchemy.sql.expression import ( + Select, + TextClause, + ) + + from pandas._typing import ( + DateTimeErrorChoices, + DtypeArg, + DtypeBackend, + IndexLabel, + Self, + ) + + from pandas import Index + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# -- Helper functions + + +def _process_parse_dates_argument(parse_dates): + """Process parse_dates argument for read_sql functions""" + # handle non-list entries for parse_dates gracefully + if parse_dates is True or parse_dates is None or parse_dates is False: + parse_dates = [] + + elif not hasattr(parse_dates, "__iter__"): + parse_dates = [parse_dates] + return parse_dates + + +def _handle_date_column( + col, utc: bool = False, format: str | dict[str, Any] | None = None +): + if isinstance(format, dict): + # GH35185 Allow custom error values in parse_dates argument of + # read_sql like functions. + # Format can take on custom to_datetime argument values such as + # {"errors": "coerce"} or {"dayfirst": True} + error: DateTimeErrorChoices = format.pop("errors", None) or "ignore" + if error == "ignore": + try: + return to_datetime(col, **format) + except (TypeError, ValueError): + # TODO: not reached 2023-10-27; needed? + return col + return to_datetime(col, errors=error, **format) + else: + # Allow passing of formatting string for integers + # GH17855 + if format is None and ( + issubclass(col.dtype.type, np.floating) + or issubclass(col.dtype.type, np.integer) + ): + format = "s" + if format in ["D", "d", "h", "m", "s", "ms", "us", "ns"]: + return to_datetime(col, errors="coerce", unit=format, utc=utc) + elif isinstance(col.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype): + # coerce to UTC timezone + # GH11216 + return to_datetime(col, utc=True) + else: + return to_datetime(col, errors="coerce", format=format, utc=utc) + + +def _parse_date_columns(data_frame, parse_dates): + """ + Force non-datetime columns to be read as such. + Supports both string formatted and integer timestamp columns. + """ + parse_dates = _process_parse_dates_argument(parse_dates) + + # we want to coerce datetime64_tz dtypes for now to UTC + # we could in theory do a 'nice' conversion from a FixedOffset tz + # GH11216 + for i, (col_name, df_col) in enumerate(data_frame.items()): + if isinstance(df_col.dtype, DatetimeTZDtype) or col_name in parse_dates: + try: + fmt = parse_dates[col_name] + except (KeyError, TypeError): + fmt = None + data_frame.isetitem(i, _handle_date_column(df_col, format=fmt)) + + return data_frame + + +def _convert_arrays_to_dataframe( + data, + columns, + coerce_float: bool = True, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", +) -> DataFrame: + content = lib.to_object_array_tuples(data) + arrays = convert_object_array( + list(content.T), + dtype=None, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + if dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + pa = import_optional_dependency("pyarrow") + + result_arrays = [] + for arr in arrays: + pa_array = pa.array(arr, from_pandas=True) + if arr.dtype == "string": + # TODO: Arrow still infers strings arrays as regular strings instead + # of large_string, which is what we preserver everywhere else for + # dtype_backend="pyarrow". We may want to reconsider this + pa_array = pa_array.cast(pa.string()) + result_arrays.append(ArrowExtensionArray(pa_array)) + arrays = result_arrays # type: ignore[assignment] + if arrays: + df = DataFrame(dict(zip(list(range(len(columns))), arrays))) + df.columns = columns + return df + else: + return DataFrame(columns=columns) + + +def _wrap_result( + data, + columns, + index_col=None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", +): + """Wrap result set of a SQLAlchemy query in a DataFrame.""" + frame = _convert_arrays_to_dataframe(data, columns, coerce_float, dtype_backend) + + if dtype: + frame = frame.astype(dtype) + + frame = _parse_date_columns(frame, parse_dates) + + if index_col is not None: + frame = frame.set_index(index_col) + + return frame + + +def _wrap_result_adbc( + df: DataFrame, + *, + index_col=None, + parse_dates=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", +) -> DataFrame: + """Wrap result set of a SQLAlchemy query in a DataFrame.""" + if dtype: + df = df.astype(dtype) + + df = _parse_date_columns(df, parse_dates) + + if index_col is not None: + df = df.set_index(index_col) + + return df + + +def execute(sql, con, params=None): + """ + Execute the given SQL query using the provided connection object. + + Parameters + ---------- + sql : string + SQL query to be executed. + con : SQLAlchemy connection or sqlite3 connection + If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. + params : list or tuple, optional, default: None + List of parameters to pass to execute method. + + Returns + ------- + Results Iterable + """ + warnings.warn( + "`pandas.io.sql.execute` is deprecated and " + "will be removed in the future version.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) # GH50185 + sqlalchemy = import_optional_dependency("sqlalchemy", errors="ignore") + + if sqlalchemy is not None and isinstance(con, (str, sqlalchemy.engine.Engine)): + raise TypeError("pandas.io.sql.execute requires a connection") # GH50185 + with pandasSQL_builder(con, need_transaction=True) as pandas_sql: + return pandas_sql.execute(sql, params) + + +# ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- +# -- Read and write to DataFrames + + +@overload +def read_sql_table( + table_name: str, + con, + schema=..., + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = ..., + columns: list[str] | None = ..., + chunksize: None = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., +) -> DataFrame: + ... + + +@overload +def read_sql_table( + table_name: str, + con, + schema=..., + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = ..., + columns: list[str] | None = ..., + chunksize: int = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., +) -> Iterator[DataFrame]: + ... + + +def read_sql_table( + table_name: str, + con, + schema: str | None = None, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = None, + columns: list[str] | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, +) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + + Given a table name and a SQLAlchemy connectable, returns a DataFrame. + This function does not support DBAPI connections. + + Parameters + ---------- + table_name : str + Name of SQL table in database. + con : SQLAlchemy connectable or str + A database URI could be provided as str. + SQLite DBAPI connection mode not supported. + schema : str, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to query (if database flavor + supports this). Uses default schema if None (default). + index_col : str or list of str, optional, default: None + Column(s) to set as index(MultiIndex). + coerce_float : bool, default True + Attempts to convert values of non-string, non-numeric objects (like + decimal.Decimal) to floating point. Can result in loss of Precision. + parse_dates : list or dict, default None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg dict}``, where the arg dict corresponds + to the keyword arguments of :func:`pandas.to_datetime` + Especially useful with databases without native Datetime support, + such as SQLite. + columns : list, default None + List of column names to select from SQL table. + chunksize : int, default None + If specified, returns an iterator where `chunksize` is the number of + rows to include in each chunk. + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame or Iterator[DataFrame] + A SQL table is returned as two-dimensional data structure with labeled + axes. + + See Also + -------- + read_sql_query : Read SQL query into a DataFrame. + read_sql : Read SQL query or database table into a DataFrame. + + Notes + ----- + Any datetime values with time zone information will be converted to UTC. + + Examples + -------- + >>> pd.read_sql_table('table_name', 'postgres:///db_name') # doctest:+SKIP + """ + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + if dtype_backend is lib.no_default: + dtype_backend = "numpy" # type: ignore[assignment] + assert dtype_backend is not lib.no_default + + with pandasSQL_builder(con, schema=schema, need_transaction=True) as pandas_sql: + if not pandas_sql.has_table(table_name): + raise ValueError(f"Table {table_name} not found") + + table = pandas_sql.read_table( + table_name, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + columns=columns, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + + if table is not None: + return table + else: + raise ValueError(f"Table {table_name} not found", con) + + +@overload +def read_sql_query( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + params: list[Any] | Mapping[str, Any] | None = ..., + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = ..., + chunksize: None = ..., + dtype: DtypeArg | None = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., +) -> DataFrame: + ... + + +@overload +def read_sql_query( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + params: list[Any] | Mapping[str, Any] | None = ..., + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = ..., + chunksize: int = ..., + dtype: DtypeArg | None = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., +) -> Iterator[DataFrame]: + ... + + +def read_sql_query( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + params: list[Any] | Mapping[str, Any] | None = None, + parse_dates: list[str] | dict[str, str] | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, +) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL query into a DataFrame. + + Returns a DataFrame corresponding to the result set of the query + string. Optionally provide an `index_col` parameter to use one of the + columns as the index, otherwise default integer index will be used. + + Parameters + ---------- + sql : str SQL query or SQLAlchemy Selectable (select or text object) + SQL query to be executed. + con : SQLAlchemy connectable, str, or sqlite3 connection + Using SQLAlchemy makes it possible to use any DB supported by that + library. If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. + index_col : str or list of str, optional, default: None + Column(s) to set as index(MultiIndex). + coerce_float : bool, default True + Attempts to convert values of non-string, non-numeric objects (like + decimal.Decimal) to floating point. Useful for SQL result sets. + params : list, tuple or mapping, optional, default: None + List of parameters to pass to execute method. The syntax used + to pass parameters is database driver dependent. Check your + database driver documentation for which of the five syntax styles, + described in PEP 249's paramstyle, is supported. + Eg. for psycopg2, uses %(name)s so use params={'name' : 'value'}. + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg dict}``, where the arg dict corresponds + to the keyword arguments of :func:`pandas.to_datetime` + Especially useful with databases without native Datetime support, + such as SQLite. + chunksize : int, default None + If specified, return an iterator where `chunksize` is the number of + rows to include in each chunk. + dtype : Type name or dict of columns + Data type for data or columns. E.g. np.float64 or + {'a': np.float64, 'b': np.int32, 'c': 'Int64'}. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame or Iterator[DataFrame] + + See Also + -------- + read_sql_table : Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + read_sql : Read SQL query or database table into a DataFrame. + + Notes + ----- + Any datetime values with time zone information parsed via the `parse_dates` + parameter will be converted to UTC. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from sqlalchemy import create_engine # doctest: +SKIP + >>> engine = create_engine("sqlite:///database.db") # doctest: +SKIP + >>> with engine.connect() as conn, conn.begin(): # doctest: +SKIP + ... data = pd.read_sql_table("data", conn) # doctest: +SKIP + """ + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + if dtype_backend is lib.no_default: + dtype_backend = "numpy" # type: ignore[assignment] + assert dtype_backend is not lib.no_default + + with pandasSQL_builder(con) as pandas_sql: + return pandas_sql.read_query( + sql, + index_col=index_col, + params=params, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + + +@overload +def read_sql( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + params=..., + parse_dates=..., + columns: list[str] = ..., + chunksize: None = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, +) -> DataFrame: + ... + + +@overload +def read_sql( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = ..., + coerce_float=..., + params=..., + parse_dates=..., + columns: list[str] = ..., + chunksize: int = ..., + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = ..., + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, +) -> Iterator[DataFrame]: + ... + + +def read_sql( + sql, + con, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + params=None, + parse_dates=None, + columns: list[str] | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, +) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL query or database table into a DataFrame. + + This function is a convenience wrapper around ``read_sql_table`` and + ``read_sql_query`` (for backward compatibility). It will delegate + to the specific function depending on the provided input. A SQL query + will be routed to ``read_sql_query``, while a database table name will + be routed to ``read_sql_table``. Note that the delegated function might + have more specific notes about their functionality not listed here. + + Parameters + ---------- + sql : str or SQLAlchemy Selectable (select or text object) + SQL query to be executed or a table name. + con : ADBC Connection, SQLAlchemy connectable, str, or sqlite3 connection + ADBC provides high performance I/O with native type support, where available. + Using SQLAlchemy makes it possible to use any DB supported by that + library. If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. The user is responsible + for engine disposal and connection closure for the ADBC connection and + SQLAlchemy connectable; str connections are closed automatically. See + `here `_. + index_col : str or list of str, optional, default: None + Column(s) to set as index(MultiIndex). + coerce_float : bool, default True + Attempts to convert values of non-string, non-numeric objects (like + decimal.Decimal) to floating point, useful for SQL result sets. + params : list, tuple or dict, optional, default: None + List of parameters to pass to execute method. The syntax used + to pass parameters is database driver dependent. Check your + database driver documentation for which of the five syntax styles, + described in PEP 249's paramstyle, is supported. + Eg. for psycopg2, uses %(name)s so use params={'name' : 'value'}. + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg dict}``, where the arg dict corresponds + to the keyword arguments of :func:`pandas.to_datetime` + Especially useful with databases without native Datetime support, + such as SQLite. + columns : list, default: None + List of column names to select from SQL table (only used when reading + a table). + chunksize : int, default None + If specified, return an iterator where `chunksize` is the + number of rows to include in each chunk. + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + dtype : Type name or dict of columns + Data type for data or columns. E.g. np.float64 or + {'a': np.float64, 'b': np.int32, 'c': 'Int64'}. + The argument is ignored if a table is passed instead of a query. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame or Iterator[DataFrame] + + See Also + -------- + read_sql_table : Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + read_sql_query : Read SQL query into a DataFrame. + + Examples + -------- + Read data from SQL via either a SQL query or a SQL tablename. + When using a SQLite database only SQL queries are accepted, + providing only the SQL tablename will result in an error. + + >>> from sqlite3 import connect + >>> conn = connect(':memory:') + >>> df = pd.DataFrame(data=[[0, '10/11/12'], [1, '12/11/10']], + ... columns=['int_column', 'date_column']) + >>> df.to_sql(name='test_data', con=conn) + 2 + + >>> pd.read_sql('SELECT int_column, date_column FROM test_data', conn) + int_column date_column + 0 0 10/11/12 + 1 1 12/11/10 + + >>> pd.read_sql('test_data', 'postgres:///db_name') # doctest:+SKIP + + Apply date parsing to columns through the ``parse_dates`` argument + The ``parse_dates`` argument calls ``pd.to_datetime`` on the provided columns. + Custom argument values for applying ``pd.to_datetime`` on a column are specified + via a dictionary format: + + >>> pd.read_sql('SELECT int_column, date_column FROM test_data', + ... conn, + ... parse_dates={"date_column": {"format": "%d/%m/%y"}}) + int_column date_column + 0 0 2012-11-10 + 1 1 2010-11-12 + + .. versionadded:: 2.2.0 + + pandas now supports reading via ADBC drivers + + >>> from adbc_driver_postgresql import dbapi # doctest:+SKIP + >>> with dbapi.connect('postgres:///db_name') as conn: # doctest:+SKIP + ... pd.read_sql('SELECT int_column FROM test_data', conn) + int_column + 0 0 + 1 1 + """ + + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + if dtype_backend is lib.no_default: + dtype_backend = "numpy" # type: ignore[assignment] + assert dtype_backend is not lib.no_default + + with pandasSQL_builder(con) as pandas_sql: + if isinstance(pandas_sql, SQLiteDatabase): + return pandas_sql.read_query( + sql, + index_col=index_col, + params=params, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + dtype=dtype, + ) + + try: + _is_table_name = pandas_sql.has_table(sql) + except Exception: + # using generic exception to catch errors from sql drivers (GH24988) + _is_table_name = False + + if _is_table_name: + return pandas_sql.read_table( + sql, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + columns=columns, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + else: + return pandas_sql.read_query( + sql, + index_col=index_col, + params=params, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + dtype=dtype, + ) + + +def to_sql( + frame, + name: str, + con, + schema: str | None = None, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + index: bool = True, + index_label: IndexLabel | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + **engine_kwargs, +) -> int | None: + """ + Write records stored in a DataFrame to a SQL database. + + Parameters + ---------- + frame : DataFrame, Series + name : str + Name of SQL table. + con : ADBC Connection, SQLAlchemy connectable, str, or sqlite3 connection + or sqlite3 DBAPI2 connection + ADBC provides high performance I/O with native type support, where available. + Using SQLAlchemy makes it possible to use any DB supported by that + library. + If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. + schema : str, optional + Name of SQL schema in database to write to (if database flavor + supports this). If None, use default schema (default). + if_exists : {'fail', 'replace', 'append'}, default 'fail' + - fail: If table exists, do nothing. + - replace: If table exists, drop it, recreate it, and insert data. + - append: If table exists, insert data. Create if does not exist. + index : bool, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column. + index_label : str or sequence, optional + Column label for index column(s). If None is given (default) and + `index` is True, then the index names are used. + A sequence should be given if the DataFrame uses MultiIndex. + chunksize : int, optional + Specify the number of rows in each batch to be written at a time. + By default, all rows will be written at once. + dtype : dict or scalar, optional + Specifying the datatype for columns. If a dictionary is used, the + keys should be the column names and the values should be the + SQLAlchemy types or strings for the sqlite3 fallback mode. If a + scalar is provided, it will be applied to all columns. + method : {None, 'multi', callable}, optional + Controls the SQL insertion clause used: + + - None : Uses standard SQL ``INSERT`` clause (one per row). + - ``'multi'``: Pass multiple values in a single ``INSERT`` clause. + - callable with signature ``(pd_table, conn, keys, data_iter) -> int | None``. + + Details and a sample callable implementation can be found in the + section :ref:`insert method `. + engine : {'auto', 'sqlalchemy'}, default 'auto' + SQL engine library to use. If 'auto', then the option + ``io.sql.engine`` is used. The default ``io.sql.engine`` + behavior is 'sqlalchemy' + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + **engine_kwargs + Any additional kwargs are passed to the engine. + + Returns + ------- + None or int + Number of rows affected by to_sql. None is returned if the callable + passed into ``method`` does not return an integer number of rows. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Notes + ----- + The returned rows affected is the sum of the ``rowcount`` attribute of ``sqlite3.Cursor`` + or SQLAlchemy connectable. If using ADBC the returned rows are the result + of ``Cursor.adbc_ingest``. The returned value may not reflect the exact number of written + rows as stipulated in the + `sqlite3 `__ or + `SQLAlchemy `__ + """ # noqa: E501 + if if_exists not in ("fail", "replace", "append"): + raise ValueError(f"'{if_exists}' is not valid for if_exists") + + if isinstance(frame, Series): + frame = frame.to_frame() + elif not isinstance(frame, DataFrame): + raise NotImplementedError( + "'frame' argument should be either a Series or a DataFrame" + ) + + with pandasSQL_builder(con, schema=schema, need_transaction=True) as pandas_sql: + return pandas_sql.to_sql( + frame, + name, + if_exists=if_exists, + index=index, + index_label=index_label, + schema=schema, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype=dtype, + method=method, + engine=engine, + **engine_kwargs, + ) + + +def has_table(table_name: str, con, schema: str | None = None) -> bool: + """ + Check if DataBase has named table. + + Parameters + ---------- + table_name: string + Name of SQL table. + con: ADBC Connection, SQLAlchemy connectable, str, or sqlite3 connection + ADBC provides high performance I/O with native type support, where available. + Using SQLAlchemy makes it possible to use any DB supported by that + library. + If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to write to (if database flavor supports + this). If None, use default schema (default). + + Returns + ------- + boolean + """ + with pandasSQL_builder(con, schema=schema) as pandas_sql: + return pandas_sql.has_table(table_name) + + +table_exists = has_table + + +def pandasSQL_builder( + con, + schema: str | None = None, + need_transaction: bool = False, +) -> PandasSQL: + """ + Convenience function to return the correct PandasSQL subclass based on the + provided parameters. Also creates a sqlalchemy connection and transaction + if necessary. + """ + import sqlite3 + + if isinstance(con, sqlite3.Connection) or con is None: + return SQLiteDatabase(con) + + sqlalchemy = import_optional_dependency("sqlalchemy", errors="ignore") + + if isinstance(con, str) and sqlalchemy is None: + raise ImportError("Using URI string without sqlalchemy installed.") + + if sqlalchemy is not None and isinstance(con, (str, sqlalchemy.engine.Connectable)): + return SQLDatabase(con, schema, need_transaction) + + adbc = import_optional_dependency("adbc_driver_manager.dbapi", errors="ignore") + if adbc and isinstance(con, adbc.Connection): + return ADBCDatabase(con) + + warnings.warn( + "pandas only supports SQLAlchemy connectable (engine/connection) or " + "database string URI or sqlite3 DBAPI2 connection. Other DBAPI2 " + "objects are not tested. Please consider using SQLAlchemy.", + UserWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return SQLiteDatabase(con) + + +class SQLTable(PandasObject): + """ + For mapping Pandas tables to SQL tables. + Uses fact that table is reflected by SQLAlchemy to + do better type conversions. + Also holds various flags needed to avoid having to + pass them between functions all the time. + """ + + # TODO: support for multiIndex + + def __init__( + self, + name: str, + pandas_sql_engine, + frame=None, + index: bool | str | list[str] | None = True, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + prefix: str = "pandas", + index_label=None, + schema=None, + keys=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + ) -> None: + self.name = name + self.pd_sql = pandas_sql_engine + self.prefix = prefix + self.frame = frame + self.index = self._index_name(index, index_label) + self.schema = schema + self.if_exists = if_exists + self.keys = keys + self.dtype = dtype + + if frame is not None: + # We want to initialize based on a dataframe + self.table = self._create_table_setup() + else: + # no data provided, read-only mode + self.table = self.pd_sql.get_table(self.name, self.schema) + + if self.table is None: + raise ValueError(f"Could not init table '{name}'") + + if not len(self.name): + raise ValueError("Empty table name specified") + + def exists(self): + return self.pd_sql.has_table(self.name, self.schema) + + def sql_schema(self) -> str: + from sqlalchemy.schema import CreateTable + + return str(CreateTable(self.table).compile(self.pd_sql.con)) + + def _execute_create(self) -> None: + # Inserting table into database, add to MetaData object + self.table = self.table.to_metadata(self.pd_sql.meta) + with self.pd_sql.run_transaction(): + self.table.create(bind=self.pd_sql.con) + + def create(self) -> None: + if self.exists(): + if self.if_exists == "fail": + raise ValueError(f"Table '{self.name}' already exists.") + if self.if_exists == "replace": + self.pd_sql.drop_table(self.name, self.schema) + self._execute_create() + elif self.if_exists == "append": + pass + else: + raise ValueError(f"'{self.if_exists}' is not valid for if_exists") + else: + self._execute_create() + + def _execute_insert(self, conn, keys: list[str], data_iter) -> int: + """ + Execute SQL statement inserting data + + Parameters + ---------- + conn : sqlalchemy.engine.Engine or sqlalchemy.engine.Connection + keys : list of str + Column names + data_iter : generator of list + Each item contains a list of values to be inserted + """ + data = [dict(zip(keys, row)) for row in data_iter] + result = conn.execute(self.table.insert(), data) + return result.rowcount + + def _execute_insert_multi(self, conn, keys: list[str], data_iter) -> int: + """ + Alternative to _execute_insert for DBs support multi-value INSERT. + + Note: multi-value insert is usually faster for analytics DBs + and tables containing a few columns + but performance degrades quickly with increase of columns. + + """ + + from sqlalchemy import insert + + data = [dict(zip(keys, row)) for row in data_iter] + stmt = insert(self.table).values(data) + result = conn.execute(stmt) + return result.rowcount + + def insert_data(self) -> tuple[list[str], list[np.ndarray]]: + if self.index is not None: + temp = self.frame.copy() + temp.index.names = self.index + try: + temp.reset_index(inplace=True) + except ValueError as err: + raise ValueError(f"duplicate name in index/columns: {err}") from err + else: + temp = self.frame + + column_names = list(map(str, temp.columns)) + ncols = len(column_names) + # this just pre-allocates the list: None's will be replaced with ndarrays + # error: List item 0 has incompatible type "None"; expected "ndarray" + data_list: list[np.ndarray] = [None] * ncols # type: ignore[list-item] + + for i, (_, ser) in enumerate(temp.items()): + if ser.dtype.kind == "M": + if isinstance(ser._values, ArrowExtensionArray): + import pyarrow as pa + + if pa.types.is_date(ser.dtype.pyarrow_dtype): + # GH#53854 to_pydatetime not supported for pyarrow date dtypes + d = ser._values.to_numpy(dtype=object) + else: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", category=FutureWarning) + # GH#52459 to_pydatetime will return Index[object] + d = np.asarray(ser.dt.to_pydatetime(), dtype=object) + else: + d = ser._values.to_pydatetime() + elif ser.dtype.kind == "m": + vals = ser._values + if isinstance(vals, ArrowExtensionArray): + vals = vals.to_numpy(dtype=np.dtype("m8[ns]")) + # store as integers, see GH#6921, GH#7076 + d = vals.view("i8").astype(object) + else: + d = ser._values.astype(object) + + assert isinstance(d, np.ndarray), type(d) + + if ser._can_hold_na: + # Note: this will miss timedeltas since they are converted to int + mask = isna(d) + d[mask] = None + + data_list[i] = d + + return column_names, data_list + + def insert( + self, + chunksize: int | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + ) -> int | None: + # set insert method + if method is None: + exec_insert = self._execute_insert + elif method == "multi": + exec_insert = self._execute_insert_multi + elif callable(method): + exec_insert = partial(method, self) + else: + raise ValueError(f"Invalid parameter `method`: {method}") + + keys, data_list = self.insert_data() + + nrows = len(self.frame) + + if nrows == 0: + return 0 + + if chunksize is None: + chunksize = nrows + elif chunksize == 0: + raise ValueError("chunksize argument should be non-zero") + + chunks = (nrows // chunksize) + 1 + total_inserted = None + with self.pd_sql.run_transaction() as conn: + for i in range(chunks): + start_i = i * chunksize + end_i = min((i + 1) * chunksize, nrows) + if start_i >= end_i: + break + + chunk_iter = zip(*(arr[start_i:end_i] for arr in data_list)) + num_inserted = exec_insert(conn, keys, chunk_iter) + # GH 46891 + if num_inserted is not None: + if total_inserted is None: + total_inserted = num_inserted + else: + total_inserted += num_inserted + return total_inserted + + def _query_iterator( + self, + result, + exit_stack: ExitStack, + chunksize: int | None, + columns, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ): + """Return generator through chunked result set.""" + has_read_data = False + with exit_stack: + while True: + data = result.fetchmany(chunksize) + if not data: + if not has_read_data: + yield DataFrame.from_records( + [], columns=columns, coerce_float=coerce_float + ) + break + + has_read_data = True + self.frame = _convert_arrays_to_dataframe( + data, columns, coerce_float, dtype_backend + ) + + self._harmonize_columns( + parse_dates=parse_dates, dtype_backend=dtype_backend + ) + + if self.index is not None: + self.frame.set_index(self.index, inplace=True) + + yield self.frame + + def read( + self, + exit_stack: ExitStack, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + columns=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + from sqlalchemy import select + + if columns is not None and len(columns) > 0: + cols = [self.table.c[n] for n in columns] + if self.index is not None: + for idx in self.index[::-1]: + cols.insert(0, self.table.c[idx]) + sql_select = select(*cols) + else: + sql_select = select(self.table) + result = self.pd_sql.execute(sql_select) + column_names = result.keys() + + if chunksize is not None: + return self._query_iterator( + result, + exit_stack, + chunksize, + column_names, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + else: + data = result.fetchall() + self.frame = _convert_arrays_to_dataframe( + data, column_names, coerce_float, dtype_backend + ) + + self._harmonize_columns( + parse_dates=parse_dates, dtype_backend=dtype_backend + ) + + if self.index is not None: + self.frame.set_index(self.index, inplace=True) + + return self.frame + + def _index_name(self, index, index_label): + # for writing: index=True to include index in sql table + if index is True: + nlevels = self.frame.index.nlevels + # if index_label is specified, set this as index name(s) + if index_label is not None: + if not isinstance(index_label, list): + index_label = [index_label] + if len(index_label) != nlevels: + raise ValueError( + "Length of 'index_label' should match number of " + f"levels, which is {nlevels}" + ) + return index_label + # return the used column labels for the index columns + if ( + nlevels == 1 + and "index" not in self.frame.columns + and self.frame.index.name is None + ): + return ["index"] + else: + return com.fill_missing_names(self.frame.index.names) + + # for reading: index=(list of) string to specify column to set as index + elif isinstance(index, str): + return [index] + elif isinstance(index, list): + return index + else: + return None + + def _get_column_names_and_types(self, dtype_mapper): + column_names_and_types = [] + if self.index is not None: + for i, idx_label in enumerate(self.index): + idx_type = dtype_mapper(self.frame.index._get_level_values(i)) + column_names_and_types.append((str(idx_label), idx_type, True)) + + column_names_and_types += [ + (str(self.frame.columns[i]), dtype_mapper(self.frame.iloc[:, i]), False) + for i in range(len(self.frame.columns)) + ] + + return column_names_and_types + + def _create_table_setup(self): + from sqlalchemy import ( + Column, + PrimaryKeyConstraint, + Table, + ) + from sqlalchemy.schema import MetaData + + column_names_and_types = self._get_column_names_and_types(self._sqlalchemy_type) + + columns: list[Any] = [ + Column(name, typ, index=is_index) + for name, typ, is_index in column_names_and_types + ] + + if self.keys is not None: + if not is_list_like(self.keys): + keys = [self.keys] + else: + keys = self.keys + pkc = PrimaryKeyConstraint(*keys, name=self.name + "_pk") + columns.append(pkc) + + schema = self.schema or self.pd_sql.meta.schema + + # At this point, attach to new metadata, only attach to self.meta + # once table is created. + meta = MetaData() + return Table(self.name, meta, *columns, schema=schema) + + def _harmonize_columns( + self, + parse_dates=None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> None: + """ + Make the DataFrame's column types align with the SQL table + column types. + Need to work around limited NA value support. Floats are always + fine, ints must always be floats if there are Null values. + Booleans are hard because converting bool column with None replaces + all Nones with false. Therefore only convert bool if there are no + NA values. + Datetimes should already be converted to np.datetime64 if supported, + but here we also force conversion if required. + """ + parse_dates = _process_parse_dates_argument(parse_dates) + + for sql_col in self.table.columns: + col_name = sql_col.name + try: + df_col = self.frame[col_name] + + # Handle date parsing upfront; don't try to convert columns + # twice + if col_name in parse_dates: + try: + fmt = parse_dates[col_name] + except TypeError: + fmt = None + self.frame[col_name] = _handle_date_column(df_col, format=fmt) + continue + + # the type the dataframe column should have + col_type = self._get_dtype(sql_col.type) + + if ( + col_type is datetime + or col_type is date + or col_type is DatetimeTZDtype + ): + # Convert tz-aware Datetime SQL columns to UTC + utc = col_type is DatetimeTZDtype + self.frame[col_name] = _handle_date_column(df_col, utc=utc) + elif dtype_backend == "numpy" and col_type is float: + # floats support NA, can always convert! + self.frame[col_name] = df_col.astype(col_type, copy=False) + + elif dtype_backend == "numpy" and len(df_col) == df_col.count(): + # No NA values, can convert ints and bools + if col_type is np.dtype("int64") or col_type is bool: + self.frame[col_name] = df_col.astype(col_type, copy=False) + except KeyError: + pass # this column not in results + + def _sqlalchemy_type(self, col: Index | Series): + dtype: DtypeArg = self.dtype or {} + if is_dict_like(dtype): + dtype = cast(dict, dtype) + if col.name in dtype: + return dtype[col.name] + + # Infer type of column, while ignoring missing values. + # Needed for inserting typed data containing NULLs, GH 8778. + col_type = lib.infer_dtype(col, skipna=True) + + from sqlalchemy.types import ( + TIMESTAMP, + BigInteger, + Boolean, + Date, + DateTime, + Float, + Integer, + SmallInteger, + Text, + Time, + ) + + if col_type in ("datetime64", "datetime"): + # GH 9086: TIMESTAMP is the suggested type if the column contains + # timezone information + try: + # error: Item "Index" of "Union[Index, Series]" has no attribute "dt" + if col.dt.tz is not None: # type: ignore[union-attr] + return TIMESTAMP(timezone=True) + except AttributeError: + # The column is actually a DatetimeIndex + # GH 26761 or an Index with date-like data e.g. 9999-01-01 + if getattr(col, "tz", None) is not None: + return TIMESTAMP(timezone=True) + return DateTime + if col_type == "timedelta64": + warnings.warn( + "the 'timedelta' type is not supported, and will be " + "written as integer values (ns frequency) to the database.", + UserWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return BigInteger + elif col_type == "floating": + if col.dtype == "float32": + return Float(precision=23) + else: + return Float(precision=53) + elif col_type == "integer": + # GH35076 Map pandas integer to optimal SQLAlchemy integer type + if col.dtype.name.lower() in ("int8", "uint8", "int16"): + return SmallInteger + elif col.dtype.name.lower() in ("uint16", "int32"): + return Integer + elif col.dtype.name.lower() == "uint64": + raise ValueError("Unsigned 64 bit integer datatype is not supported") + else: + return BigInteger + elif col_type == "boolean": + return Boolean + elif col_type == "date": + return Date + elif col_type == "time": + return Time + elif col_type == "complex": + raise ValueError("Complex datatypes not supported") + + return Text + + def _get_dtype(self, sqltype): + from sqlalchemy.types import ( + TIMESTAMP, + Boolean, + Date, + DateTime, + Float, + Integer, + ) + + if isinstance(sqltype, Float): + return float + elif isinstance(sqltype, Integer): + # TODO: Refine integer size. + return np.dtype("int64") + elif isinstance(sqltype, TIMESTAMP): + # we have a timezone capable type + if not sqltype.timezone: + return datetime + return DatetimeTZDtype + elif isinstance(sqltype, DateTime): + # Caution: np.datetime64 is also a subclass of np.number. + return datetime + elif isinstance(sqltype, Date): + return date + elif isinstance(sqltype, Boolean): + return bool + return object + + +class PandasSQL(PandasObject, ABC): + """ + Subclasses Should define read_query and to_sql. + """ + + def __enter__(self) -> Self: + return self + + def __exit__(self, *args) -> None: + pass + + def read_table( + self, + table_name: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + columns=None, + schema: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + raise NotImplementedError + + @abstractmethod + def read_query( + self, + sql: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + params=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def to_sql( + self, + frame, + name: str, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + index: bool = True, + index_label=None, + schema=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def execute(self, sql: str | Select | TextClause, params=None): + pass + + @abstractmethod + def has_table(self, name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> bool: + pass + + @abstractmethod + def _create_sql_schema( + self, + frame: DataFrame, + table_name: str, + keys: list[str] | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + schema: str | None = None, + ) -> str: + pass + + +class BaseEngine: + def insert_records( + self, + table: SQLTable, + con, + frame, + name: str, + index: bool | str | list[str] | None = True, + schema=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + method=None, + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + """ + Inserts data into already-prepared table + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + +class SQLAlchemyEngine(BaseEngine): + def __init__(self) -> None: + import_optional_dependency( + "sqlalchemy", extra="sqlalchemy is required for SQL support." + ) + + def insert_records( + self, + table: SQLTable, + con, + frame, + name: str, + index: bool | str | list[str] | None = True, + schema=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + method=None, + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + from sqlalchemy import exc + + try: + return table.insert(chunksize=chunksize, method=method) + except exc.StatementError as err: + # GH34431 + # https://stackoverflow.com/a/67358288/6067848 + msg = r"""(\(1054, "Unknown column 'inf(e0)?' in 'field list'"\))(?# + )|inf can not be used with MySQL""" + err_text = str(err.orig) + if re.search(msg, err_text): + raise ValueError("inf cannot be used with MySQL") from err + raise err + + +def get_engine(engine: str) -> BaseEngine: + """return our implementation""" + if engine == "auto": + engine = get_option("io.sql.engine") + + if engine == "auto": + # try engines in this order + engine_classes = [SQLAlchemyEngine] + + error_msgs = "" + for engine_class in engine_classes: + try: + return engine_class() + except ImportError as err: + error_msgs += "\n - " + str(err) + + raise ImportError( + "Unable to find a usable engine; " + "tried using: 'sqlalchemy'.\n" + "A suitable version of " + "sqlalchemy is required for sql I/O " + "support.\n" + "Trying to import the above resulted in these errors:" + f"{error_msgs}" + ) + + if engine == "sqlalchemy": + return SQLAlchemyEngine() + + raise ValueError("engine must be one of 'auto', 'sqlalchemy'") + + +class SQLDatabase(PandasSQL): + """ + This class enables conversion between DataFrame and SQL databases + using SQLAlchemy to handle DataBase abstraction. + + Parameters + ---------- + con : SQLAlchemy Connectable or URI string. + Connectable to connect with the database. Using SQLAlchemy makes it + possible to use any DB supported by that library. + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to write to (if database flavor + supports this). If None, use default schema (default). + need_transaction : bool, default False + If True, SQLDatabase will create a transaction. + + """ + + def __init__( + self, con, schema: str | None = None, need_transaction: bool = False + ) -> None: + from sqlalchemy import create_engine + from sqlalchemy.engine import Engine + from sqlalchemy.schema import MetaData + + # self.exit_stack cleans up the Engine and Connection and commits the + # transaction if any of those objects was created below. + # Cleanup happens either in self.__exit__ or at the end of the iterator + # returned by read_sql when chunksize is not None. + self.exit_stack = ExitStack() + if isinstance(con, str): + con = create_engine(con) + self.exit_stack.callback(con.dispose) + if isinstance(con, Engine): + con = self.exit_stack.enter_context(con.connect()) + if need_transaction and not con.in_transaction(): + self.exit_stack.enter_context(con.begin()) + self.con = con + self.meta = MetaData(schema=schema) + self.returns_generator = False + + def __exit__(self, *args) -> None: + if not self.returns_generator: + self.exit_stack.close() + + @contextmanager + def run_transaction(self): + if not self.con.in_transaction(): + with self.con.begin(): + yield self.con + else: + yield self.con + + def execute(self, sql: str | Select | TextClause, params=None): + """Simple passthrough to SQLAlchemy connectable""" + args = [] if params is None else [params] + if isinstance(sql, str): + return self.con.exec_driver_sql(sql, *args) + return self.con.execute(sql, *args) + + def read_table( + self, + table_name: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + columns=None, + schema: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + table_name : str + Name of SQL table in database. + index_col : string, optional, default: None + Column to set as index. + coerce_float : bool, default True + Attempts to convert values of non-string, non-numeric objects + (like decimal.Decimal) to floating point. This can result in + loss of precision. + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg}``, where the arg corresponds + to the keyword arguments of :func:`pandas.to_datetime`. + Especially useful with databases without native Datetime support, + such as SQLite. + columns : list, default: None + List of column names to select from SQL table. + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to query (if database flavor + supports this). If specified, this overwrites the default + schema of the SQL database object. + chunksize : int, default None + If specified, return an iterator where `chunksize` is the number + of rows to include in each chunk. + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + See Also + -------- + pandas.read_sql_table + SQLDatabase.read_query + + """ + self.meta.reflect(bind=self.con, only=[table_name], views=True) + table = SQLTable(table_name, self, index=index_col, schema=schema) + if chunksize is not None: + self.returns_generator = True + return table.read( + self.exit_stack, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + columns=columns, + chunksize=chunksize, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + + @staticmethod + def _query_iterator( + result, + exit_stack: ExitStack, + chunksize: int, + columns, + index_col=None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ): + """Return generator through chunked result set""" + has_read_data = False + with exit_stack: + while True: + data = result.fetchmany(chunksize) + if not data: + if not has_read_data: + yield _wrap_result( + [], + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + break + + has_read_data = True + yield _wrap_result( + data, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + + def read_query( + self, + sql: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + params=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL query into a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + sql : str + SQL query to be executed. + index_col : string, optional, default: None + Column name to use as index for the returned DataFrame object. + coerce_float : bool, default True + Attempt to convert values of non-string, non-numeric objects (like + decimal.Decimal) to floating point, useful for SQL result sets. + params : list, tuple or dict, optional, default: None + List of parameters to pass to execute method. The syntax used + to pass parameters is database driver dependent. Check your + database driver documentation for which of the five syntax styles, + described in PEP 249's paramstyle, is supported. + Eg. for psycopg2, uses %(name)s so use params={'name' : 'value'} + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg dict}``, where the arg dict + corresponds to the keyword arguments of + :func:`pandas.to_datetime` Especially useful with databases + without native Datetime support, such as SQLite. + chunksize : int, default None + If specified, return an iterator where `chunksize` is the number + of rows to include in each chunk. + dtype : Type name or dict of columns + Data type for data or columns. E.g. np.float64 or + {'a': np.float64, 'b': np.int32, 'c': 'Int64'} + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + See Also + -------- + read_sql_table : Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + read_sql + + """ + result = self.execute(sql, params) + columns = result.keys() + + if chunksize is not None: + self.returns_generator = True + return self._query_iterator( + result, + self.exit_stack, + chunksize, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + else: + data = result.fetchall() + frame = _wrap_result( + data, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + return frame + + read_sql = read_query + + def prep_table( + self, + frame, + name: str, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + index: bool | str | list[str] | None = True, + index_label=None, + schema=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + ) -> SQLTable: + """ + Prepares table in the database for data insertion. Creates it if needed, etc. + """ + if dtype: + if not is_dict_like(dtype): + # error: Value expression in dictionary comprehension has incompatible + # type "Union[ExtensionDtype, str, dtype[Any], Type[object], + # Dict[Hashable, Union[ExtensionDtype, Union[str, dtype[Any]], + # Type[str], Type[float], Type[int], Type[complex], Type[bool], + # Type[object]]]]"; expected type "Union[ExtensionDtype, str, + # dtype[Any], Type[object]]" + dtype = {col_name: dtype for col_name in frame} # type: ignore[misc] + else: + dtype = cast(dict, dtype) + + from sqlalchemy.types import TypeEngine + + for col, my_type in dtype.items(): + if isinstance(my_type, type) and issubclass(my_type, TypeEngine): + pass + elif isinstance(my_type, TypeEngine): + pass + else: + raise ValueError(f"The type of {col} is not a SQLAlchemy type") + + table = SQLTable( + name, + self, + frame=frame, + index=index, + if_exists=if_exists, + index_label=index_label, + schema=schema, + dtype=dtype, + ) + table.create() + return table + + def check_case_sensitive( + self, + name: str, + schema: str | None, + ) -> None: + """ + Checks table name for issues with case-sensitivity. + Method is called after data is inserted. + """ + if not name.isdigit() and not name.islower(): + # check for potentially case sensitivity issues (GH7815) + # Only check when name is not a number and name is not lower case + from sqlalchemy import inspect as sqlalchemy_inspect + + insp = sqlalchemy_inspect(self.con) + table_names = insp.get_table_names(schema=schema or self.meta.schema) + if name not in table_names: + msg = ( + f"The provided table name '{name}' is not found exactly as " + "such in the database after writing the table, possibly " + "due to case sensitivity issues. Consider using lower " + "case table names." + ) + warnings.warn( + msg, + UserWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + def to_sql( + self, + frame, + name: str, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + index: bool = True, + index_label=None, + schema: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + """ + Write records stored in a DataFrame to a SQL database. + + Parameters + ---------- + frame : DataFrame + name : string + Name of SQL table. + if_exists : {'fail', 'replace', 'append'}, default 'fail' + - fail: If table exists, do nothing. + - replace: If table exists, drop it, recreate it, and insert data. + - append: If table exists, insert data. Create if does not exist. + index : boolean, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column. + index_label : string or sequence, default None + Column label for index column(s). If None is given (default) and + `index` is True, then the index names are used. + A sequence should be given if the DataFrame uses MultiIndex. + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to write to (if database flavor + supports this). If specified, this overwrites the default + schema of the SQLDatabase object. + chunksize : int, default None + If not None, then rows will be written in batches of this size at a + time. If None, all rows will be written at once. + dtype : single type or dict of column name to SQL type, default None + Optional specifying the datatype for columns. The SQL type should + be a SQLAlchemy type. If all columns are of the same type, one + single value can be used. + method : {None', 'multi', callable}, default None + Controls the SQL insertion clause used: + + * None : Uses standard SQL ``INSERT`` clause (one per row). + * 'multi': Pass multiple values in a single ``INSERT`` clause. + * callable with signature ``(pd_table, conn, keys, data_iter)``. + + Details and a sample callable implementation can be found in the + section :ref:`insert method `. + engine : {'auto', 'sqlalchemy'}, default 'auto' + SQL engine library to use. If 'auto', then the option + ``io.sql.engine`` is used. The default ``io.sql.engine`` + behavior is 'sqlalchemy' + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + **engine_kwargs + Any additional kwargs are passed to the engine. + """ + sql_engine = get_engine(engine) + + table = self.prep_table( + frame=frame, + name=name, + if_exists=if_exists, + index=index, + index_label=index_label, + schema=schema, + dtype=dtype, + ) + + total_inserted = sql_engine.insert_records( + table=table, + con=self.con, + frame=frame, + name=name, + index=index, + schema=schema, + chunksize=chunksize, + method=method, + **engine_kwargs, + ) + + self.check_case_sensitive(name=name, schema=schema) + return total_inserted + + @property + def tables(self): + return self.meta.tables + + def has_table(self, name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> bool: + from sqlalchemy import inspect as sqlalchemy_inspect + + insp = sqlalchemy_inspect(self.con) + return insp.has_table(name, schema or self.meta.schema) + + def get_table(self, table_name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> Table: + from sqlalchemy import ( + Numeric, + Table, + ) + + schema = schema or self.meta.schema + tbl = Table(table_name, self.meta, autoload_with=self.con, schema=schema) + for column in tbl.columns: + if isinstance(column.type, Numeric): + column.type.asdecimal = False + return tbl + + def drop_table(self, table_name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> None: + schema = schema or self.meta.schema + if self.has_table(table_name, schema): + self.meta.reflect( + bind=self.con, only=[table_name], schema=schema, views=True + ) + with self.run_transaction(): + self.get_table(table_name, schema).drop(bind=self.con) + self.meta.clear() + + def _create_sql_schema( + self, + frame: DataFrame, + table_name: str, + keys: list[str] | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + schema: str | None = None, + ) -> str: + table = SQLTable( + table_name, + self, + frame=frame, + index=False, + keys=keys, + dtype=dtype, + schema=schema, + ) + return str(table.sql_schema()) + + +# ---- SQL without SQLAlchemy --- + + +class ADBCDatabase(PandasSQL): + """ + This class enables conversion between DataFrame and SQL databases + using ADBC to handle DataBase abstraction. + + Parameters + ---------- + con : adbc_driver_manager.dbapi.Connection + """ + + def __init__(self, con) -> None: + self.con = con + + @contextmanager + def run_transaction(self): + with self.con.cursor() as cur: + try: + yield cur + except Exception: + self.con.rollback() + raise + self.con.commit() + + def execute(self, sql: str | Select | TextClause, params=None): + if not isinstance(sql, str): + raise TypeError("Query must be a string unless using sqlalchemy.") + args = [] if params is None else [params] + cur = self.con.cursor() + try: + cur.execute(sql, *args) + return cur + except Exception as exc: + try: + self.con.rollback() + except Exception as inner_exc: # pragma: no cover + ex = DatabaseError( + f"Execution failed on sql: {sql}\n{exc}\nunable to rollback" + ) + raise ex from inner_exc + + ex = DatabaseError(f"Execution failed on sql '{sql}': {exc}") + raise ex from exc + + def read_table( + self, + table_name: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + columns=None, + schema: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + table_name : str + Name of SQL table in database. + coerce_float : bool, default True + Raises NotImplementedError + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg}``, where the arg corresponds + to the keyword arguments of :func:`pandas.to_datetime`. + Especially useful with databases without native Datetime support, + such as SQLite. + columns : list, default: None + List of column names to select from SQL table. + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to query (if database flavor + supports this). If specified, this overwrites the default + schema of the SQL database object. + chunksize : int, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + dtype_backend : {'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + See Also + -------- + pandas.read_sql_table + SQLDatabase.read_query + + """ + if coerce_float is not True: + raise NotImplementedError( + "'coerce_float' is not implemented for ADBC drivers" + ) + if chunksize: + raise NotImplementedError("'chunksize' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + + if columns: + if index_col: + index_select = maybe_make_list(index_col) + else: + index_select = [] + to_select = index_select + columns + select_list = ", ".join(f'"{x}"' for x in to_select) + else: + select_list = "*" + if schema: + stmt = f"SELECT {select_list} FROM {schema}.{table_name}" + else: + stmt = f"SELECT {select_list} FROM {table_name}" + + mapping: type[ArrowDtype] | None | Callable + if dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + mapping = ArrowDtype + elif dtype_backend == "numpy_nullable": + from pandas.io._util import _arrow_dtype_mapping + + mapping = _arrow_dtype_mapping().get + elif using_pyarrow_string_dtype(): + from pandas.io._util import arrow_string_types_mapper + + arrow_string_types_mapper() + else: + mapping = None + + with self.con.cursor() as cur: + cur.execute(stmt) + df = cur.fetch_arrow_table().to_pandas(types_mapper=mapping) + + return _wrap_result_adbc( + df, + index_col=index_col, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + ) + + def read_query( + self, + sql: str, + index_col: str | list[str] | None = None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + params=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + """ + Read SQL query into a DataFrame. + + Parameters + ---------- + sql : str + SQL query to be executed. + index_col : string, optional, default: None + Column name to use as index for the returned DataFrame object. + coerce_float : bool, default True + Raises NotImplementedError + params : list, tuple or dict, optional, default: None + Raises NotImplementedError + parse_dates : list or dict, default: None + - List of column names to parse as dates. + - Dict of ``{column_name: format string}`` where format string is + strftime compatible in case of parsing string times, or is one of + (D, s, ns, ms, us) in case of parsing integer timestamps. + - Dict of ``{column_name: arg dict}``, where the arg dict + corresponds to the keyword arguments of + :func:`pandas.to_datetime` Especially useful with databases + without native Datetime support, such as SQLite. + chunksize : int, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + dtype : Type name or dict of columns + Data type for data or columns. E.g. np.float64 or + {'a': np.float64, 'b': np.int32, 'c': 'Int64'} + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + + See Also + -------- + read_sql_table : Read SQL database table into a DataFrame. + read_sql + + """ + if coerce_float is not True: + raise NotImplementedError( + "'coerce_float' is not implemented for ADBC drivers" + ) + if params: + raise NotImplementedError("'params' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + if chunksize: + raise NotImplementedError("'chunksize' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + + mapping: type[ArrowDtype] | None | Callable + if dtype_backend == "pyarrow": + mapping = ArrowDtype + elif dtype_backend == "numpy_nullable": + from pandas.io._util import _arrow_dtype_mapping + + mapping = _arrow_dtype_mapping().get + else: + mapping = None + + with self.con.cursor() as cur: + cur.execute(sql) + df = cur.fetch_arrow_table().to_pandas(types_mapper=mapping) + + return _wrap_result_adbc( + df, + index_col=index_col, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + ) + + read_sql = read_query + + def to_sql( + self, + frame, + name: str, + if_exists: Literal["fail", "replace", "append"] = "fail", + index: bool = True, + index_label=None, + schema: str | None = None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + """ + Write records stored in a DataFrame to a SQL database. + + Parameters + ---------- + frame : DataFrame + name : string + Name of SQL table. + if_exists : {'fail', 'replace', 'append'}, default 'fail' + - fail: If table exists, do nothing. + - replace: If table exists, drop it, recreate it, and insert data. + - append: If table exists, insert data. Create if does not exist. + index : boolean, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column. + index_label : string or sequence, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + schema : string, default None + Name of SQL schema in database to write to (if database flavor + supports this). If specified, this overwrites the default + schema of the SQLDatabase object. + chunksize : int, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + dtype : single type or dict of column name to SQL type, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + method : {None', 'multi', callable}, default None + Raises NotImplementedError + engine : {'auto', 'sqlalchemy'}, default 'auto' + Raises NotImplementedError if not set to 'auto' + """ + if index_label: + raise NotImplementedError( + "'index_label' is not implemented for ADBC drivers" + ) + if chunksize: + raise NotImplementedError("'chunksize' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + if dtype: + raise NotImplementedError("'dtype' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + if method: + raise NotImplementedError("'method' is not implemented for ADBC drivers") + if engine != "auto": + raise NotImplementedError( + "engine != 'auto' not implemented for ADBC drivers" + ) + + if schema: + table_name = f"{schema}.{name}" + else: + table_name = name + + # pandas if_exists="append" will still create the + # table if it does not exist; ADBC is more explicit with append/create + # as applicable modes, so the semantics get blurred across + # the libraries + mode = "create" + if self.has_table(name, schema): + if if_exists == "fail": + raise ValueError(f"Table '{table_name}' already exists.") + elif if_exists == "replace": + with self.con.cursor() as cur: + cur.execute(f"DROP TABLE {table_name}") + elif if_exists == "append": + mode = "append" + + import pyarrow as pa + + try: + tbl = pa.Table.from_pandas(frame, preserve_index=index) + except pa.ArrowNotImplementedError as exc: + raise ValueError("datatypes not supported") from exc + + with self.con.cursor() as cur: + total_inserted = cur.adbc_ingest( + table_name=name, data=tbl, mode=mode, db_schema_name=schema + ) + + self.con.commit() + return total_inserted + + def has_table(self, name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> bool: + meta = self.con.adbc_get_objects( + db_schema_filter=schema, table_name_filter=name + ).read_all() + + for catalog_schema in meta["catalog_db_schemas"].to_pylist(): + if not catalog_schema: + continue + for schema_record in catalog_schema: + if not schema_record: + continue + + for table_record in schema_record["db_schema_tables"]: + if table_record["table_name"] == name: + return True + + return False + + def _create_sql_schema( + self, + frame: DataFrame, + table_name: str, + keys: list[str] | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + schema: str | None = None, + ) -> str: + raise NotImplementedError("not implemented for adbc") + + +# sqlite-specific sql strings and handler class +# dictionary used for readability purposes +_SQL_TYPES = { + "string": "TEXT", + "floating": "REAL", + "integer": "INTEGER", + "datetime": "TIMESTAMP", + "date": "DATE", + "time": "TIME", + "boolean": "INTEGER", +} + + +def _get_unicode_name(name: object): + try: + uname = str(name).encode("utf-8", "strict").decode("utf-8") + except UnicodeError as err: + raise ValueError(f"Cannot convert identifier to UTF-8: '{name}'") from err + return uname + + +def _get_valid_sqlite_name(name: object): + # See https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6514274/how-do-you-escape-strings\ + # -for-sqlite-table-column-names-in-python + # Ensure the string can be encoded as UTF-8. + # Ensure the string does not include any NUL characters. + # Replace all " with "". + # Wrap the entire thing in double quotes. + + uname = _get_unicode_name(name) + if not len(uname): + raise ValueError("Empty table or column name specified") + + nul_index = uname.find("\x00") + if nul_index >= 0: + raise ValueError("SQLite identifier cannot contain NULs") + return '"' + uname.replace('"', '""') + '"' + + +class SQLiteTable(SQLTable): + """ + Patch the SQLTable for fallback support. + Instead of a table variable just use the Create Table statement. + """ + + def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs) -> None: + super().__init__(*args, **kwargs) + + self._register_date_adapters() + + def _register_date_adapters(self) -> None: + # GH 8341 + # register an adapter callable for datetime.time object + import sqlite3 + + # this will transform time(12,34,56,789) into '12:34:56.000789' + # (this is what sqlalchemy does) + def _adapt_time(t) -> str: + # This is faster than strftime + return f"{t.hour:02d}:{t.minute:02d}:{t.second:02d}.{t.microsecond:06d}" + + # Also register adapters for date/datetime and co + # xref https://docs.python.org/3.12/library/sqlite3.html#adapter-and-converter-recipes + # Python 3.12+ doesn't auto-register adapters for us anymore + + adapt_date_iso = lambda val: val.isoformat() + adapt_datetime_iso = lambda val: val.isoformat(" ") + + sqlite3.register_adapter(time, _adapt_time) + + sqlite3.register_adapter(date, adapt_date_iso) + sqlite3.register_adapter(datetime, adapt_datetime_iso) + + convert_date = lambda val: date.fromisoformat(val.decode()) + convert_timestamp = lambda val: datetime.fromisoformat(val.decode()) + + sqlite3.register_converter("date", convert_date) + sqlite3.register_converter("timestamp", convert_timestamp) + + def sql_schema(self) -> str: + return str(";\n".join(self.table)) + + def _execute_create(self) -> None: + with self.pd_sql.run_transaction() as conn: + for stmt in self.table: + conn.execute(stmt) + + def insert_statement(self, *, num_rows: int) -> str: + names = list(map(str, self.frame.columns)) + wld = "?" # wildcard char + escape = _get_valid_sqlite_name + + if self.index is not None: + for idx in self.index[::-1]: + names.insert(0, idx) + + bracketed_names = [escape(column) for column in names] + col_names = ",".join(bracketed_names) + + row_wildcards = ",".join([wld] * len(names)) + wildcards = ",".join([f"({row_wildcards})" for _ in range(num_rows)]) + insert_statement = ( + f"INSERT INTO {escape(self.name)} ({col_names}) VALUES {wildcards}" + ) + return insert_statement + + def _execute_insert(self, conn, keys, data_iter) -> int: + data_list = list(data_iter) + conn.executemany(self.insert_statement(num_rows=1), data_list) + return conn.rowcount + + def _execute_insert_multi(self, conn, keys, data_iter) -> int: + data_list = list(data_iter) + flattened_data = [x for row in data_list for x in row] + conn.execute(self.insert_statement(num_rows=len(data_list)), flattened_data) + return conn.rowcount + + def _create_table_setup(self): + """ + Return a list of SQL statements that creates a table reflecting the + structure of a DataFrame. The first entry will be a CREATE TABLE + statement while the rest will be CREATE INDEX statements. + """ + column_names_and_types = self._get_column_names_and_types(self._sql_type_name) + escape = _get_valid_sqlite_name + + create_tbl_stmts = [ + escape(cname) + " " + ctype for cname, ctype, _ in column_names_and_types + ] + + if self.keys is not None and len(self.keys): + if not is_list_like(self.keys): + keys = [self.keys] + else: + keys = self.keys + cnames_br = ", ".join([escape(c) for c in keys]) + create_tbl_stmts.append( + f"CONSTRAINT {self.name}_pk PRIMARY KEY ({cnames_br})" + ) + if self.schema: + schema_name = self.schema + "." + else: + schema_name = "" + create_stmts = [ + "CREATE TABLE " + + schema_name + + escape(self.name) + + " (\n" + + ",\n ".join(create_tbl_stmts) + + "\n)" + ] + + ix_cols = [cname for cname, _, is_index in column_names_and_types if is_index] + if len(ix_cols): + cnames = "_".join(ix_cols) + cnames_br = ",".join([escape(c) for c in ix_cols]) + create_stmts.append( + "CREATE INDEX " + + escape("ix_" + self.name + "_" + cnames) + + "ON " + + escape(self.name) + + " (" + + cnames_br + + ")" + ) + + return create_stmts + + def _sql_type_name(self, col): + dtype: DtypeArg = self.dtype or {} + if is_dict_like(dtype): + dtype = cast(dict, dtype) + if col.name in dtype: + return dtype[col.name] + + # Infer type of column, while ignoring missing values. + # Needed for inserting typed data containing NULLs, GH 8778. + col_type = lib.infer_dtype(col, skipna=True) + + if col_type == "timedelta64": + warnings.warn( + "the 'timedelta' type is not supported, and will be " + "written as integer values (ns frequency) to the database.", + UserWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + col_type = "integer" + + elif col_type == "datetime64": + col_type = "datetime" + + elif col_type == "empty": + col_type = "string" + + elif col_type == "complex": + raise ValueError("Complex datatypes not supported") + + if col_type not in _SQL_TYPES: + col_type = "string" + + return _SQL_TYPES[col_type] + + +class SQLiteDatabase(PandasSQL): + """ + Version of SQLDatabase to support SQLite connections (fallback without + SQLAlchemy). This should only be used internally. + + Parameters + ---------- + con : sqlite connection object + + """ + + def __init__(self, con) -> None: + self.con = con + + @contextmanager + def run_transaction(self): + cur = self.con.cursor() + try: + yield cur + self.con.commit() + except Exception: + self.con.rollback() + raise + finally: + cur.close() + + def execute(self, sql: str | Select | TextClause, params=None): + if not isinstance(sql, str): + raise TypeError("Query must be a string unless using sqlalchemy.") + args = [] if params is None else [params] + cur = self.con.cursor() + try: + cur.execute(sql, *args) + return cur + except Exception as exc: + try: + self.con.rollback() + except Exception as inner_exc: # pragma: no cover + ex = DatabaseError( + f"Execution failed on sql: {sql}\n{exc}\nunable to rollback" + ) + raise ex from inner_exc + + ex = DatabaseError(f"Execution failed on sql '{sql}': {exc}") + raise ex from exc + + @staticmethod + def _query_iterator( + cursor, + chunksize: int, + columns, + index_col=None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ): + """Return generator through chunked result set""" + has_read_data = False + while True: + data = cursor.fetchmany(chunksize) + if type(data) == tuple: + data = list(data) + if not data: + cursor.close() + if not has_read_data: + result = DataFrame.from_records( + [], columns=columns, coerce_float=coerce_float + ) + if dtype: + result = result.astype(dtype) + yield result + break + + has_read_data = True + yield _wrap_result( + data, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + + def read_query( + self, + sql, + index_col=None, + coerce_float: bool = True, + parse_dates=None, + params=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | Literal["numpy"] = "numpy", + ) -> DataFrame | Iterator[DataFrame]: + cursor = self.execute(sql, params) + columns = [col_desc[0] for col_desc in cursor.description] + + if chunksize is not None: + return self._query_iterator( + cursor, + chunksize, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + else: + data = self._fetchall_as_list(cursor) + cursor.close() + + frame = _wrap_result( + data, + columns, + index_col=index_col, + coerce_float=coerce_float, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype=dtype, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) + return frame + + def _fetchall_as_list(self, cur): + result = cur.fetchall() + if not isinstance(result, list): + result = list(result) + return result + + def to_sql( + self, + frame, + name: str, + if_exists: str = "fail", + index: bool = True, + index_label=None, + schema=None, + chunksize: int | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + method: Literal["multi"] | Callable | None = None, + engine: str = "auto", + **engine_kwargs, + ) -> int | None: + """ + Write records stored in a DataFrame to a SQL database. + + Parameters + ---------- + frame: DataFrame + name: string + Name of SQL table. + if_exists: {'fail', 'replace', 'append'}, default 'fail' + fail: If table exists, do nothing. + replace: If table exists, drop it, recreate it, and insert data. + append: If table exists, insert data. Create if it does not exist. + index : bool, default True + Write DataFrame index as a column + index_label : string or sequence, default None + Column label for index column(s). If None is given (default) and + `index` is True, then the index names are used. + A sequence should be given if the DataFrame uses MultiIndex. + schema : string, default None + Ignored parameter included for compatibility with SQLAlchemy + version of ``to_sql``. + chunksize : int, default None + If not None, then rows will be written in batches of this + size at a time. If None, all rows will be written at once. + dtype : single type or dict of column name to SQL type, default None + Optional specifying the datatype for columns. The SQL type should + be a string. If all columns are of the same type, one single value + can be used. + method : {None, 'multi', callable}, default None + Controls the SQL insertion clause used: + + * None : Uses standard SQL ``INSERT`` clause (one per row). + * 'multi': Pass multiple values in a single ``INSERT`` clause. + * callable with signature ``(pd_table, conn, keys, data_iter)``. + + Details and a sample callable implementation can be found in the + section :ref:`insert method `. + """ + if dtype: + if not is_dict_like(dtype): + # error: Value expression in dictionary comprehension has incompatible + # type "Union[ExtensionDtype, str, dtype[Any], Type[object], + # Dict[Hashable, Union[ExtensionDtype, Union[str, dtype[Any]], + # Type[str], Type[float], Type[int], Type[complex], Type[bool], + # Type[object]]]]"; expected type "Union[ExtensionDtype, str, + # dtype[Any], Type[object]]" + dtype = {col_name: dtype for col_name in frame} # type: ignore[misc] + else: + dtype = cast(dict, dtype) + + for col, my_type in dtype.items(): + if not isinstance(my_type, str): + raise ValueError(f"{col} ({my_type}) not a string") + + table = SQLiteTable( + name, + self, + frame=frame, + index=index, + if_exists=if_exists, + index_label=index_label, + dtype=dtype, + ) + table.create() + return table.insert(chunksize, method) + + def has_table(self, name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> bool: + wld = "?" + query = f""" + SELECT + name + FROM + sqlite_master + WHERE + type IN ('table', 'view') + AND name={wld}; + """ + + return len(self.execute(query, [name]).fetchall()) > 0 + + def get_table(self, table_name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> None: + return None # not supported in fallback mode + + def drop_table(self, name: str, schema: str | None = None) -> None: + drop_sql = f"DROP TABLE {_get_valid_sqlite_name(name)}" + self.execute(drop_sql) + + def _create_sql_schema( + self, + frame, + table_name: str, + keys=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + schema: str | None = None, + ) -> str: + table = SQLiteTable( + table_name, + self, + frame=frame, + index=False, + keys=keys, + dtype=dtype, + schema=schema, + ) + return str(table.sql_schema()) + + +def get_schema( + frame, + name: str, + keys=None, + con=None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + schema: str | None = None, +) -> str: + """ + Get the SQL db table schema for the given frame. + + Parameters + ---------- + frame : DataFrame + name : str + name of SQL table + keys : string or sequence, default: None + columns to use a primary key + con: ADBC Connection, SQLAlchemy connectable, sqlite3 connection, default: None + ADBC provides high performance I/O with native type support, where available. + Using SQLAlchemy makes it possible to use any DB supported by that + library + If a DBAPI2 object, only sqlite3 is supported. + dtype : dict of column name to SQL type, default None + Optional specifying the datatype for columns. The SQL type should + be a SQLAlchemy type, or a string for sqlite3 fallback connection. + schema: str, default: None + Optional specifying the schema to be used in creating the table. + """ + with pandasSQL_builder(con=con) as pandas_sql: + return pandas_sql._create_sql_schema( + frame, name, keys=keys, dtype=dtype, schema=schema + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/stata.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/stata.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4abf9af185a01284ab4c3ba968335117b3f9b81b --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/stata.py @@ -0,0 +1,3763 @@ +""" +Module contains tools for processing Stata files into DataFrames + +The StataReader below was originally written by Joe Presbrey as part of PyDTA. +It has been extended and improved by Skipper Seabold from the Statsmodels +project who also developed the StataWriter and was finally added to pandas in +a once again improved version. + +You can find more information on http://presbrey.mit.edu/PyDTA and +https://www.statsmodels.org/devel/ +""" +from __future__ import annotations + +from collections import abc +from datetime import ( + datetime, + timedelta, +) +from io import BytesIO +import os +import struct +import sys +from typing import ( + IO, + TYPE_CHECKING, + AnyStr, + Callable, + Final, + cast, +) +import warnings + +import numpy as np + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas._libs.lib import infer_dtype +from pandas._libs.writers import max_len_string_array +from pandas.errors import ( + CategoricalConversionWarning, + InvalidColumnName, + PossiblePrecisionLoss, + ValueLabelTypeMismatch, +) +from pandas.util._decorators import ( + Appender, + doc, +) +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level + +from pandas.core.dtypes.base import ExtensionDtype +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import ( + ensure_object, + is_numeric_dtype, + is_string_dtype, +) +from pandas.core.dtypes.dtypes import CategoricalDtype + +from pandas import ( + Categorical, + DatetimeIndex, + NaT, + Timestamp, + isna, + to_datetime, + to_timedelta, +) +from pandas.core.frame import DataFrame +from pandas.core.indexes.base import Index +from pandas.core.indexes.range import RangeIndex +from pandas.core.series import Series +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.common import get_handle + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import ( + Hashable, + Sequence, + ) + from types import TracebackType + from typing import Literal + + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionOptions, + FilePath, + ReadBuffer, + Self, + StorageOptions, + WriteBuffer, + ) + +_version_error = ( + "Version of given Stata file is {version}. pandas supports importing " + "versions 105, 108, 111 (Stata 7SE), 113 (Stata 8/9), " + "114 (Stata 10/11), 115 (Stata 12), 117 (Stata 13), 118 (Stata 14/15/16)," + "and 119 (Stata 15/16, over 32,767 variables)." +) + +_statafile_processing_params1 = """\ +convert_dates : bool, default True + Convert date variables to DataFrame time values. +convert_categoricals : bool, default True + Read value labels and convert columns to Categorical/Factor variables.""" + +_statafile_processing_params2 = """\ +index_col : str, optional + Column to set as index. +convert_missing : bool, default False + Flag indicating whether to convert missing values to their Stata + representations. If False, missing values are replaced with nan. + If True, columns containing missing values are returned with + object data types and missing values are represented by + StataMissingValue objects. +preserve_dtypes : bool, default True + Preserve Stata datatypes. If False, numeric data are upcast to pandas + default types for foreign data (float64 or int64). +columns : list or None + Columns to retain. Columns will be returned in the given order. None + returns all columns. +order_categoricals : bool, default True + Flag indicating whether converted categorical data are ordered.""" + +_chunksize_params = """\ +chunksize : int, default None + Return StataReader object for iterations, returns chunks with + given number of lines.""" + +_iterator_params = """\ +iterator : bool, default False + Return StataReader object.""" + +_reader_notes = """\ +Notes +----- +Categorical variables read through an iterator may not have the same +categories and dtype. This occurs when a variable stored in a DTA +file is associated to an incomplete set of value labels that only +label a strict subset of the values.""" + +_read_stata_doc = f""" +Read Stata file into DataFrame. + +Parameters +---------- +filepath_or_buffer : str, path object or file-like object + Any valid string path is acceptable. The string could be a URL. Valid + URL schemes include http, ftp, s3, and file. For file URLs, a host is + expected. A local file could be: ``file://localhost/path/to/table.dta``. + + If you want to pass in a path object, pandas accepts any ``os.PathLike``. + + By file-like object, we refer to objects with a ``read()`` method, + such as a file handle (e.g. via builtin ``open`` function) + or ``StringIO``. +{_statafile_processing_params1} +{_statafile_processing_params2} +{_chunksize_params} +{_iterator_params} +{_shared_docs["decompression_options"] % "filepath_or_buffer"} +{_shared_docs["storage_options"]} + +Returns +------- +DataFrame or pandas.api.typing.StataReader + +See Also +-------- +io.stata.StataReader : Low-level reader for Stata data files. +DataFrame.to_stata: Export Stata data files. + +{_reader_notes} + +Examples +-------- + +Creating a dummy stata for this example + +>>> df = pd.DataFrame({{'animal': ['falcon', 'parrot', 'falcon', 'parrot'], +... 'speed': [350, 18, 361, 15]}}) # doctest: +SKIP +>>> df.to_stata('animals.dta') # doctest: +SKIP + +Read a Stata dta file: + +>>> df = pd.read_stata('animals.dta') # doctest: +SKIP + +Read a Stata dta file in 10,000 line chunks: + +>>> values = np.random.randint(0, 10, size=(20_000, 1), dtype="uint8") # doctest: +SKIP +>>> df = pd.DataFrame(values, columns=["i"]) # doctest: +SKIP +>>> df.to_stata('filename.dta') # doctest: +SKIP + +>>> with pd.read_stata('filename.dta', chunksize=10000) as itr: # doctest: +SKIP +>>> for chunk in itr: +... # Operate on a single chunk, e.g., chunk.mean() +... pass # doctest: +SKIP +""" + +_read_method_doc = f"""\ +Reads observations from Stata file, converting them into a dataframe + +Parameters +---------- +nrows : int + Number of lines to read from data file, if None read whole file. +{_statafile_processing_params1} +{_statafile_processing_params2} + +Returns +------- +DataFrame +""" + +_stata_reader_doc = f"""\ +Class for reading Stata dta files. + +Parameters +---------- +path_or_buf : path (string), buffer or path object + string, path object (pathlib.Path or py._path.local.LocalPath) or object + implementing a binary read() functions. +{_statafile_processing_params1} +{_statafile_processing_params2} +{_chunksize_params} +{_shared_docs["decompression_options"]} +{_shared_docs["storage_options"]} + +{_reader_notes} +""" + + +_date_formats = ["%tc", "%tC", "%td", "%d", "%tw", "%tm", "%tq", "%th", "%ty"] + + +stata_epoch: Final = datetime(1960, 1, 1) + + +def _stata_elapsed_date_to_datetime_vec(dates: Series, fmt: str) -> Series: + """ + Convert from SIF to datetime. https://www.stata.com/help.cgi?datetime + + Parameters + ---------- + dates : Series + The Stata Internal Format date to convert to datetime according to fmt + fmt : str + The format to convert to. Can be, tc, td, tw, tm, tq, th, ty + Returns + + Returns + ------- + converted : Series + The converted dates + + Examples + -------- + >>> dates = pd.Series([52]) + >>> _stata_elapsed_date_to_datetime_vec(dates , "%tw") + 0 1961-01-01 + dtype: datetime64[ns] + + Notes + ----- + datetime/c - tc + milliseconds since 01jan1960 00:00:00.000, assuming 86,400 s/day + datetime/C - tC - NOT IMPLEMENTED + milliseconds since 01jan1960 00:00:00.000, adjusted for leap seconds + date - td + days since 01jan1960 (01jan1960 = 0) + weekly date - tw + weeks since 1960w1 + This assumes 52 weeks in a year, then adds 7 * remainder of the weeks. + The datetime value is the start of the week in terms of days in the + year, not ISO calendar weeks. + monthly date - tm + months since 1960m1 + quarterly date - tq + quarters since 1960q1 + half-yearly date - th + half-years since 1960h1 yearly + date - ty + years since 0000 + """ + MIN_YEAR, MAX_YEAR = Timestamp.min.year, Timestamp.max.year + MAX_DAY_DELTA = (Timestamp.max - datetime(1960, 1, 1)).days + MIN_DAY_DELTA = (Timestamp.min - datetime(1960, 1, 1)).days + MIN_MS_DELTA = MIN_DAY_DELTA * 24 * 3600 * 1000 + MAX_MS_DELTA = MAX_DAY_DELTA * 24 * 3600 * 1000 + + def convert_year_month_safe(year, month) -> Series: + """ + Convert year and month to datetimes, using pandas vectorized versions + when the date range falls within the range supported by pandas. + Otherwise it falls back to a slower but more robust method + using datetime. + """ + if year.max() < MAX_YEAR and year.min() > MIN_YEAR: + return to_datetime(100 * year + month, format="%Y%m") + else: + index = getattr(year, "index", None) + return Series([datetime(y, m, 1) for y, m in zip(year, month)], index=index) + + def convert_year_days_safe(year, days) -> Series: + """ + Converts year (e.g. 1999) and days since the start of the year to a + datetime or datetime64 Series + """ + if year.max() < (MAX_YEAR - 1) and year.min() > MIN_YEAR: + return to_datetime(year, format="%Y") + to_timedelta(days, unit="d") + else: + index = getattr(year, "index", None) + value = [ + datetime(y, 1, 1) + timedelta(days=int(d)) for y, d in zip(year, days) + ] + return Series(value, index=index) + + def convert_delta_safe(base, deltas, unit) -> Series: + """ + Convert base dates and deltas to datetimes, using pandas vectorized + versions if the deltas satisfy restrictions required to be expressed + as dates in pandas. + """ + index = getattr(deltas, "index", None) + if unit == "d": + if deltas.max() > MAX_DAY_DELTA or deltas.min() < MIN_DAY_DELTA: + values = [base + timedelta(days=int(d)) for d in deltas] + return Series(values, index=index) + elif unit == "ms": + if deltas.max() > MAX_MS_DELTA or deltas.min() < MIN_MS_DELTA: + values = [ + base + timedelta(microseconds=(int(d) * 1000)) for d in deltas + ] + return Series(values, index=index) + else: + raise ValueError("format not understood") + base = to_datetime(base) + deltas = to_timedelta(deltas, unit=unit) + return base + deltas + + # TODO(non-nano): If/when pandas supports more than datetime64[ns], this + # should be improved to use correct range, e.g. datetime[Y] for yearly + bad_locs = np.isnan(dates) + has_bad_values = False + if bad_locs.any(): + has_bad_values = True + dates._values[bad_locs] = 1.0 # Replace with NaT + dates = dates.astype(np.int64) + + if fmt.startswith(("%tc", "tc")): # Delta ms relative to base + base = stata_epoch + ms = dates + conv_dates = convert_delta_safe(base, ms, "ms") + elif fmt.startswith(("%tC", "tC")): + warnings.warn( + "Encountered %tC format. Leaving in Stata Internal Format.", + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + conv_dates = Series(dates, dtype=object) + if has_bad_values: + conv_dates[bad_locs] = NaT + return conv_dates + # Delta days relative to base + elif fmt.startswith(("%td", "td", "%d", "d")): + base = stata_epoch + days = dates + conv_dates = convert_delta_safe(base, days, "d") + # does not count leap days - 7 days is a week. + # 52nd week may have more than 7 days + elif fmt.startswith(("%tw", "tw")): + year = stata_epoch.year + dates // 52 + days = (dates % 52) * 7 + conv_dates = convert_year_days_safe(year, days) + elif fmt.startswith(("%tm", "tm")): # Delta months relative to base + year = stata_epoch.year + dates // 12 + month = (dates % 12) + 1 + conv_dates = convert_year_month_safe(year, month) + elif fmt.startswith(("%tq", "tq")): # Delta quarters relative to base + year = stata_epoch.year + dates // 4 + quarter_month = (dates % 4) * 3 + 1 + conv_dates = convert_year_month_safe(year, quarter_month) + elif fmt.startswith(("%th", "th")): # Delta half-years relative to base + year = stata_epoch.year + dates // 2 + month = (dates % 2) * 6 + 1 + conv_dates = convert_year_month_safe(year, month) + elif fmt.startswith(("%ty", "ty")): # Years -- not delta + year = dates + first_month = np.ones_like(dates) + conv_dates = convert_year_month_safe(year, first_month) + else: + raise ValueError(f"Date fmt {fmt} not understood") + + if has_bad_values: # Restore NaT for bad values + conv_dates[bad_locs] = NaT + + return conv_dates + + +def _datetime_to_stata_elapsed_vec(dates: Series, fmt: str) -> Series: + """ + Convert from datetime to SIF. https://www.stata.com/help.cgi?datetime + + Parameters + ---------- + dates : Series + Series or array containing datetime or datetime64[ns] to + convert to the Stata Internal Format given by fmt + fmt : str + The format to convert to. Can be, tc, td, tw, tm, tq, th, ty + """ + index = dates.index + NS_PER_DAY = 24 * 3600 * 1000 * 1000 * 1000 + US_PER_DAY = NS_PER_DAY / 1000 + + def parse_dates_safe( + dates: Series, delta: bool = False, year: bool = False, days: bool = False + ): + d = {} + if lib.is_np_dtype(dates.dtype, "M"): + if delta: + time_delta = dates - Timestamp(stata_epoch).as_unit("ns") + d["delta"] = time_delta._values.view(np.int64) // 1000 # microseconds + if days or year: + date_index = DatetimeIndex(dates) + d["year"] = date_index._data.year + d["month"] = date_index._data.month + if days: + days_in_ns = dates._values.view(np.int64) - to_datetime( + d["year"], format="%Y" + )._values.view(np.int64) + d["days"] = days_in_ns // NS_PER_DAY + + elif infer_dtype(dates, skipna=False) == "datetime": + if delta: + delta = dates._values - stata_epoch + + def f(x: timedelta) -> float: + return US_PER_DAY * x.days + 1000000 * x.seconds + x.microseconds + + v = np.vectorize(f) + d["delta"] = v(delta) + if year: + year_month = dates.apply(lambda x: 100 * x.year + x.month) + d["year"] = year_month._values // 100 + d["month"] = year_month._values - d["year"] * 100 + if days: + + def g(x: datetime) -> int: + return (x - datetime(x.year, 1, 1)).days + + v = np.vectorize(g) + d["days"] = v(dates) + else: + raise ValueError( + "Columns containing dates must contain either " + "datetime64, datetime or null values." + ) + + return DataFrame(d, index=index) + + bad_loc = isna(dates) + index = dates.index + if bad_loc.any(): + if lib.is_np_dtype(dates.dtype, "M"): + dates._values[bad_loc] = to_datetime(stata_epoch) + else: + dates._values[bad_loc] = stata_epoch + + if fmt in ["%tc", "tc"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, delta=True) + conv_dates = d.delta / 1000 + elif fmt in ["%tC", "tC"]: + warnings.warn( + "Stata Internal Format tC not supported.", + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + conv_dates = dates + elif fmt in ["%td", "td"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, delta=True) + conv_dates = d.delta // US_PER_DAY + elif fmt in ["%tw", "tw"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, year=True, days=True) + conv_dates = 52 * (d.year - stata_epoch.year) + d.days // 7 + elif fmt in ["%tm", "tm"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, year=True) + conv_dates = 12 * (d.year - stata_epoch.year) + d.month - 1 + elif fmt in ["%tq", "tq"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, year=True) + conv_dates = 4 * (d.year - stata_epoch.year) + (d.month - 1) // 3 + elif fmt in ["%th", "th"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, year=True) + conv_dates = 2 * (d.year - stata_epoch.year) + (d.month > 6).astype(int) + elif fmt in ["%ty", "ty"]: + d = parse_dates_safe(dates, year=True) + conv_dates = d.year + else: + raise ValueError(f"Format {fmt} is not a known Stata date format") + + conv_dates = Series(conv_dates, dtype=np.float64, copy=False) + missing_value = struct.unpack(" DataFrame: + """ + Checks the dtypes of the columns of a pandas DataFrame for + compatibility with the data types and ranges supported by Stata, and + converts if necessary. + + Parameters + ---------- + data : DataFrame + The DataFrame to check and convert + + Notes + ----- + Numeric columns in Stata must be one of int8, int16, int32, float32 or + float64, with some additional value restrictions. int8 and int16 columns + are checked for violations of the value restrictions and upcast if needed. + int64 data is not usable in Stata, and so it is downcast to int32 whenever + the value are in the int32 range, and sidecast to float64 when larger than + this range. If the int64 values are outside of the range of those + perfectly representable as float64 values, a warning is raised. + + bool columns are cast to int8. uint columns are converted to int of the + same size if there is no loss in precision, otherwise are upcast to a + larger type. uint64 is currently not supported since it is concerted to + object in a DataFrame. + """ + ws = "" + # original, if small, if large + conversion_data: tuple[ + tuple[type, type, type], + tuple[type, type, type], + tuple[type, type, type], + tuple[type, type, type], + tuple[type, type, type], + ] = ( + (np.bool_, np.int8, np.int8), + (np.uint8, np.int8, np.int16), + (np.uint16, np.int16, np.int32), + (np.uint32, np.int32, np.int64), + (np.uint64, np.int64, np.float64), + ) + + float32_max = struct.unpack("= 2**53: + ws = precision_loss_doc.format("uint64", "float64") + + data[col] = data[col].astype(dtype) + + # Check values and upcast if necessary + + if dtype == np.int8 and not empty_df: + if data[col].max() > 100 or data[col].min() < -127: + data[col] = data[col].astype(np.int16) + elif dtype == np.int16 and not empty_df: + if data[col].max() > 32740 or data[col].min() < -32767: + data[col] = data[col].astype(np.int32) + elif dtype == np.int64: + if empty_df or ( + data[col].max() <= 2147483620 and data[col].min() >= -2147483647 + ): + data[col] = data[col].astype(np.int32) + else: + data[col] = data[col].astype(np.float64) + if data[col].max() >= 2**53 or data[col].min() <= -(2**53): + ws = precision_loss_doc.format("int64", "float64") + elif dtype in (np.float32, np.float64): + if np.isinf(data[col]).any(): + raise ValueError( + f"Column {col} contains infinity or -infinity" + "which is outside the range supported by Stata." + ) + value = data[col].max() + if dtype == np.float32 and value > float32_max: + data[col] = data[col].astype(np.float64) + elif dtype == np.float64: + if value > float64_max: + raise ValueError( + f"Column {col} has a maximum value ({value}) outside the range " + f"supported by Stata ({float64_max})" + ) + if is_nullable_int: + if orig_missing.any(): + # Replace missing by Stata sentinel value + sentinel = StataMissingValue.BASE_MISSING_VALUES[data[col].dtype.name] + data.loc[orig_missing, col] = sentinel + if ws: + warnings.warn( + ws, + PossiblePrecisionLoss, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + return data + + +class StataValueLabel: + """ + Parse a categorical column and prepare formatted output + + Parameters + ---------- + catarray : Series + Categorical Series to encode + encoding : {"latin-1", "utf-8"} + Encoding to use for value labels. + """ + + def __init__( + self, catarray: Series, encoding: Literal["latin-1", "utf-8"] = "latin-1" + ) -> None: + if encoding not in ("latin-1", "utf-8"): + raise ValueError("Only latin-1 and utf-8 are supported.") + self.labname = catarray.name + self._encoding = encoding + categories = catarray.cat.categories + self.value_labels = enumerate(categories) + + self._prepare_value_labels() + + def _prepare_value_labels(self) -> None: + """Encode value labels.""" + + self.text_len = 0 + self.txt: list[bytes] = [] + self.n = 0 + # Offsets (length of categories), converted to int32 + self.off = np.array([], dtype=np.int32) + # Values, converted to int32 + self.val = np.array([], dtype=np.int32) + self.len = 0 + + # Compute lengths and setup lists of offsets and labels + offsets: list[int] = [] + values: list[float] = [] + for vl in self.value_labels: + category: str | bytes = vl[1] + if not isinstance(category, str): + category = str(category) + warnings.warn( + value_label_mismatch_doc.format(self.labname), + ValueLabelTypeMismatch, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + category = category.encode(self._encoding) + offsets.append(self.text_len) + self.text_len += len(category) + 1 # +1 for the padding + values.append(vl[0]) + self.txt.append(category) + self.n += 1 + + if self.text_len > 32000: + raise ValueError( + "Stata value labels for a single variable must " + "have a combined length less than 32,000 characters." + ) + + # Ensure int32 + self.off = np.array(offsets, dtype=np.int32) + self.val = np.array(values, dtype=np.int32) + + # Total length + self.len = 4 + 4 + 4 * self.n + 4 * self.n + self.text_len + + def generate_value_label(self, byteorder: str) -> bytes: + """ + Generate the binary representation of the value labels. + + Parameters + ---------- + byteorder : str + Byte order of the output + + Returns + ------- + value_label : bytes + Bytes containing the formatted value label + """ + encoding = self._encoding + bio = BytesIO() + null_byte = b"\x00" + + # len + bio.write(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", self.len)) + + # labname + labname = str(self.labname)[:32].encode(encoding) + lab_len = 32 if encoding not in ("utf-8", "utf8") else 128 + labname = _pad_bytes(labname, lab_len + 1) + bio.write(labname) + + # padding - 3 bytes + for i in range(3): + bio.write(struct.pack("c", null_byte)) + + # value_label_table + # n - int32 + bio.write(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", self.n)) + + # textlen - int32 + bio.write(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", self.text_len)) + + # off - int32 array (n elements) + for offset in self.off: + bio.write(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", offset)) + + # val - int32 array (n elements) + for value in self.val: + bio.write(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", value)) + + # txt - Text labels, null terminated + for text in self.txt: + bio.write(text + null_byte) + + return bio.getvalue() + + +class StataNonCatValueLabel(StataValueLabel): + """ + Prepare formatted version of value labels + + Parameters + ---------- + labname : str + Value label name + value_labels: Dictionary + Mapping of values to labels + encoding : {"latin-1", "utf-8"} + Encoding to use for value labels. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + labname: str, + value_labels: dict[float, str], + encoding: Literal["latin-1", "utf-8"] = "latin-1", + ) -> None: + if encoding not in ("latin-1", "utf-8"): + raise ValueError("Only latin-1 and utf-8 are supported.") + + self.labname = labname + self._encoding = encoding + self.value_labels = sorted( # type: ignore[assignment] + value_labels.items(), key=lambda x: x[0] + ) + self._prepare_value_labels() + + +class StataMissingValue: + """ + An observation's missing value. + + Parameters + ---------- + value : {int, float} + The Stata missing value code + + Notes + ----- + More information: + + Integer missing values make the code '.', '.a', ..., '.z' to the ranges + 101 ... 127 (for int8), 32741 ... 32767 (for int16) and 2147483621 ... + 2147483647 (for int32). Missing values for floating point data types are + more complex but the pattern is simple to discern from the following table. + + np.float32 missing values (float in Stata) + 0000007f . + 0008007f .a + 0010007f .b + ... + 00c0007f .x + 00c8007f .y + 00d0007f .z + + np.float64 missing values (double in Stata) + 000000000000e07f . + 000000000001e07f .a + 000000000002e07f .b + ... + 000000000018e07f .x + 000000000019e07f .y + 00000000001ae07f .z + """ + + # Construct a dictionary of missing values + MISSING_VALUES: dict[float, str] = {} + bases: Final = (101, 32741, 2147483621) + for b in bases: + # Conversion to long to avoid hash issues on 32 bit platforms #8968 + MISSING_VALUES[b] = "." + for i in range(1, 27): + MISSING_VALUES[i + b] = "." + chr(96 + i) + + float32_base: bytes = b"\x00\x00\x00\x7f" + increment_32: int = struct.unpack(" 0: + MISSING_VALUES[key] += chr(96 + i) + int_value = struct.unpack(" 0: + MISSING_VALUES[key] += chr(96 + i) + int_value = struct.unpack("q", struct.pack(" None: + self._value = value + # Conversion to int to avoid hash issues on 32 bit platforms #8968 + value = int(value) if value < 2147483648 else float(value) + self._str = self.MISSING_VALUES[value] + + @property + def string(self) -> str: + """ + The Stata representation of the missing value: '.', '.a'..'.z' + + Returns + ------- + str + The representation of the missing value. + """ + return self._str + + @property + def value(self) -> float: + """ + The binary representation of the missing value. + + Returns + ------- + {int, float} + The binary representation of the missing value. + """ + return self._value + + def __str__(self) -> str: + return self.string + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + return f"{type(self)}({self})" + + def __eq__(self, other: object) -> bool: + return ( + isinstance(other, type(self)) + and self.string == other.string + and self.value == other.value + ) + + @classmethod + def get_base_missing_value(cls, dtype: np.dtype) -> float: + if dtype.type is np.int8: + value = cls.BASE_MISSING_VALUES["int8"] + elif dtype.type is np.int16: + value = cls.BASE_MISSING_VALUES["int16"] + elif dtype.type is np.int32: + value = cls.BASE_MISSING_VALUES["int32"] + elif dtype.type is np.float32: + value = cls.BASE_MISSING_VALUES["float32"] + elif dtype.type is np.float64: + value = cls.BASE_MISSING_VALUES["float64"] + else: + raise ValueError("Unsupported dtype") + return value + + +class StataParser: + def __init__(self) -> None: + # type code. + # -------------------- + # str1 1 = 0x01 + # str2 2 = 0x02 + # ... + # str244 244 = 0xf4 + # byte 251 = 0xfb (sic) + # int 252 = 0xfc + # long 253 = 0xfd + # float 254 = 0xfe + # double 255 = 0xff + # -------------------- + # NOTE: the byte type seems to be reserved for categorical variables + # with a label, but the underlying variable is -127 to 100 + # we're going to drop the label and cast to int + self.DTYPE_MAP = dict( + [(i, np.dtype(f"S{i}")) for i in range(1, 245)] + + [ + (251, np.dtype(np.int8)), + (252, np.dtype(np.int16)), + (253, np.dtype(np.int32)), + (254, np.dtype(np.float32)), + (255, np.dtype(np.float64)), + ] + ) + self.DTYPE_MAP_XML: dict[int, np.dtype] = { + 32768: np.dtype(np.uint8), # Keys to GSO + 65526: np.dtype(np.float64), + 65527: np.dtype(np.float32), + 65528: np.dtype(np.int32), + 65529: np.dtype(np.int16), + 65530: np.dtype(np.int8), + } + self.TYPE_MAP = list(tuple(range(251)) + tuple("bhlfd")) + self.TYPE_MAP_XML = { + # Not really a Q, unclear how to handle byteswap + 32768: "Q", + 65526: "d", + 65527: "f", + 65528: "l", + 65529: "h", + 65530: "b", + } + # NOTE: technically, some of these are wrong. there are more numbers + # that can be represented. it's the 27 ABOVE and BELOW the max listed + # numeric data type in [U] 12.2.2 of the 11.2 manual + float32_min = b"\xff\xff\xff\xfe" + float32_max = b"\xff\xff\xff\x7e" + float64_min = b"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xef\xff" + float64_max = b"\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xff\xdf\x7f" + self.VALID_RANGE = { + "b": (-127, 100), + "h": (-32767, 32740), + "l": (-2147483647, 2147483620), + "f": ( + np.float32(struct.unpack(" None: + super().__init__() + + # Arguments to the reader (can be temporarily overridden in + # calls to read). + self._convert_dates = convert_dates + self._convert_categoricals = convert_categoricals + self._index_col = index_col + self._convert_missing = convert_missing + self._preserve_dtypes = preserve_dtypes + self._columns = columns + self._order_categoricals = order_categoricals + self._original_path_or_buf = path_or_buf + self._compression = compression + self._storage_options = storage_options + self._encoding = "" + self._chunksize = chunksize + self._using_iterator = False + self._entered = False + if self._chunksize is None: + self._chunksize = 1 + elif not isinstance(chunksize, int) or chunksize <= 0: + raise ValueError("chunksize must be a positive integer when set.") + + # State variables for the file + self._close_file: Callable[[], None] | None = None + self._missing_values = False + self._can_read_value_labels = False + self._column_selector_set = False + self._value_labels_read = False + self._data_read = False + self._dtype: np.dtype | None = None + self._lines_read = 0 + + self._native_byteorder = _set_endianness(sys.byteorder) + + def _ensure_open(self) -> None: + """ + Ensure the file has been opened and its header data read. + """ + if not hasattr(self, "_path_or_buf"): + self._open_file() + + def _open_file(self) -> None: + """ + Open the file (with compression options, etc.), and read header information. + """ + if not self._entered: + warnings.warn( + "StataReader is being used without using a context manager. " + "Using StataReader as a context manager is the only supported method.", + ResourceWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + handles = get_handle( + self._original_path_or_buf, + "rb", + storage_options=self._storage_options, + is_text=False, + compression=self._compression, + ) + if hasattr(handles.handle, "seekable") and handles.handle.seekable(): + # If the handle is directly seekable, use it without an extra copy. + self._path_or_buf = handles.handle + self._close_file = handles.close + else: + # Copy to memory, and ensure no encoding. + with handles: + self._path_or_buf = BytesIO(handles.handle.read()) + self._close_file = self._path_or_buf.close + + self._read_header() + self._setup_dtype() + + def __enter__(self) -> Self: + """enter context manager""" + self._entered = True + return self + + def __exit__( + self, + exc_type: type[BaseException] | None, + exc_value: BaseException | None, + traceback: TracebackType | None, + ) -> None: + if self._close_file: + self._close_file() + + def close(self) -> None: + """Close the handle if its open. + + .. deprecated: 2.0.0 + + The close method is not part of the public API. + The only supported way to use StataReader is to use it as a context manager. + """ + warnings.warn( + "The StataReader.close() method is not part of the public API and " + "will be removed in a future version without notice. " + "Using StataReader as a context manager is the only supported method.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + if self._close_file: + self._close_file() + + def _set_encoding(self) -> None: + """ + Set string encoding which depends on file version + """ + if self._format_version < 118: + self._encoding = "latin-1" + else: + self._encoding = "utf-8" + + def _read_int8(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack("b", self._path_or_buf.read(1))[0] + + def _read_uint8(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack("B", self._path_or_buf.read(1))[0] + + def _read_uint16(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}H", self._path_or_buf.read(2))[0] + + def _read_uint32(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}I", self._path_or_buf.read(4))[0] + + def _read_uint64(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}Q", self._path_or_buf.read(8))[0] + + def _read_int16(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}h", self._path_or_buf.read(2))[0] + + def _read_int32(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}i", self._path_or_buf.read(4))[0] + + def _read_int64(self) -> int: + return struct.unpack(f"{self._byteorder}q", self._path_or_buf.read(8))[0] + + def _read_char8(self) -> bytes: + return struct.unpack("c", self._path_or_buf.read(1))[0] + + def _read_int16_count(self, count: int) -> tuple[int, ...]: + return struct.unpack( + f"{self._byteorder}{'h' * count}", + self._path_or_buf.read(2 * count), + ) + + def _read_header(self) -> None: + first_char = self._read_char8() + if first_char == b"<": + self._read_new_header() + else: + self._read_old_header(first_char) + + def _read_new_header(self) -> None: + # The first part of the header is common to 117 - 119. + self._path_or_buf.read(27) # stata_dta>
+ self._format_version = int(self._path_or_buf.read(3)) + if self._format_version not in [117, 118, 119]: + raise ValueError(_version_error.format(version=self._format_version)) + self._set_encoding() + self._path_or_buf.read(21) # + self._byteorder = ">" if self._path_or_buf.read(3) == b"MSF" else "<" + self._path_or_buf.read(15) # + self._nvar = ( + self._read_uint16() if self._format_version <= 118 else self._read_uint32() + ) + self._path_or_buf.read(7) # + + self._nobs = self._get_nobs() + self._path_or_buf.read(11) # + self._time_stamp = self._get_time_stamp() + self._path_or_buf.read(26) #
+ self._path_or_buf.read(8) # 0x0000000000000000 + self._path_or_buf.read(8) # position of + + self._seek_vartypes = self._read_int64() + 16 + self._seek_varnames = self._read_int64() + 10 + self._seek_sortlist = self._read_int64() + 10 + self._seek_formats = self._read_int64() + 9 + self._seek_value_label_names = self._read_int64() + 19 + + # Requires version-specific treatment + self._seek_variable_labels = self._get_seek_variable_labels() + + self._path_or_buf.read(8) # + self._data_location = self._read_int64() + 6 + self._seek_strls = self._read_int64() + 7 + self._seek_value_labels = self._read_int64() + 14 + + self._typlist, self._dtyplist = self._get_dtypes(self._seek_vartypes) + + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_varnames) + self._varlist = self._get_varlist() + + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_sortlist) + self._srtlist = self._read_int16_count(self._nvar + 1)[:-1] + + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_formats) + self._fmtlist = self._get_fmtlist() + + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_value_label_names) + self._lbllist = self._get_lbllist() + + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_variable_labels) + self._variable_labels = self._get_variable_labels() + + # Get data type information, works for versions 117-119. + def _get_dtypes( + self, seek_vartypes: int + ) -> tuple[list[int | str], list[str | np.dtype]]: + self._path_or_buf.seek(seek_vartypes) + typlist = [] + dtyplist = [] + for _ in range(self._nvar): + typ = self._read_uint16() + if typ <= 2045: + typlist.append(typ) + dtyplist.append(str(typ)) + else: + try: + typlist.append(self.TYPE_MAP_XML[typ]) # type: ignore[arg-type] + dtyplist.append(self.DTYPE_MAP_XML[typ]) # type: ignore[arg-type] + except KeyError as err: + raise ValueError(f"cannot convert stata types [{typ}]") from err + + return typlist, dtyplist # type: ignore[return-value] + + def _get_varlist(self) -> list[str]: + # 33 in order formats, 129 in formats 118 and 119 + b = 33 if self._format_version < 118 else 129 + return [self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(b)) for _ in range(self._nvar)] + + # Returns the format list + def _get_fmtlist(self) -> list[str]: + if self._format_version >= 118: + b = 57 + elif self._format_version > 113: + b = 49 + elif self._format_version > 104: + b = 12 + else: + b = 7 + + return [self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(b)) for _ in range(self._nvar)] + + # Returns the label list + def _get_lbllist(self) -> list[str]: + if self._format_version >= 118: + b = 129 + elif self._format_version > 108: + b = 33 + else: + b = 9 + return [self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(b)) for _ in range(self._nvar)] + + def _get_variable_labels(self) -> list[str]: + if self._format_version >= 118: + vlblist = [ + self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(321)) for _ in range(self._nvar) + ] + elif self._format_version > 105: + vlblist = [ + self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(81)) for _ in range(self._nvar) + ] + else: + vlblist = [ + self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(32)) for _ in range(self._nvar) + ] + return vlblist + + def _get_nobs(self) -> int: + if self._format_version >= 118: + return self._read_uint64() + else: + return self._read_uint32() + + def _get_data_label(self) -> str: + if self._format_version >= 118: + strlen = self._read_uint16() + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(strlen)) + elif self._format_version == 117: + strlen = self._read_int8() + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(strlen)) + elif self._format_version > 105: + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(81)) + else: + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(32)) + + def _get_time_stamp(self) -> str: + if self._format_version >= 118: + strlen = self._read_int8() + return self._path_or_buf.read(strlen).decode("utf-8") + elif self._format_version == 117: + strlen = self._read_int8() + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(strlen)) + elif self._format_version > 104: + return self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(18)) + else: + raise ValueError() + + def _get_seek_variable_labels(self) -> int: + if self._format_version == 117: + self._path_or_buf.read(8) # , throw away + # Stata 117 data files do not follow the described format. This is + # a work around that uses the previous label, 33 bytes for each + # variable, 20 for the closing tag and 17 for the opening tag + return self._seek_value_label_names + (33 * self._nvar) + 20 + 17 + elif self._format_version >= 118: + return self._read_int64() + 17 + else: + raise ValueError() + + def _read_old_header(self, first_char: bytes) -> None: + self._format_version = int(first_char[0]) + if self._format_version not in [104, 105, 108, 111, 113, 114, 115]: + raise ValueError(_version_error.format(version=self._format_version)) + self._set_encoding() + self._byteorder = ">" if self._read_int8() == 0x1 else "<" + self._filetype = self._read_int8() + self._path_or_buf.read(1) # unused + + self._nvar = self._read_uint16() + self._nobs = self._get_nobs() + + self._data_label = self._get_data_label() + + self._time_stamp = self._get_time_stamp() + + # descriptors + if self._format_version > 108: + typlist = [int(c) for c in self._path_or_buf.read(self._nvar)] + else: + buf = self._path_or_buf.read(self._nvar) + typlistb = np.frombuffer(buf, dtype=np.uint8) + typlist = [] + for tp in typlistb: + if tp in self.OLD_TYPE_MAPPING: + typlist.append(self.OLD_TYPE_MAPPING[tp]) + else: + typlist.append(tp - 127) # bytes + + try: + self._typlist = [self.TYPE_MAP[typ] for typ in typlist] + except ValueError as err: + invalid_types = ",".join([str(x) for x in typlist]) + raise ValueError(f"cannot convert stata types [{invalid_types}]") from err + try: + self._dtyplist = [self.DTYPE_MAP[typ] for typ in typlist] + except ValueError as err: + invalid_dtypes = ",".join([str(x) for x in typlist]) + raise ValueError(f"cannot convert stata dtypes [{invalid_dtypes}]") from err + + if self._format_version > 108: + self._varlist = [ + self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(33)) for _ in range(self._nvar) + ] + else: + self._varlist = [ + self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(9)) for _ in range(self._nvar) + ] + self._srtlist = self._read_int16_count(self._nvar + 1)[:-1] + + self._fmtlist = self._get_fmtlist() + + self._lbllist = self._get_lbllist() + + self._variable_labels = self._get_variable_labels() + + # ignore expansion fields (Format 105 and later) + # When reading, read five bytes; the last four bytes now tell you + # the size of the next read, which you discard. You then continue + # like this until you read 5 bytes of zeros. + + if self._format_version > 104: + while True: + data_type = self._read_int8() + if self._format_version > 108: + data_len = self._read_int32() + else: + data_len = self._read_int16() + if data_type == 0: + break + self._path_or_buf.read(data_len) + + # necessary data to continue parsing + self._data_location = self._path_or_buf.tell() + + def _setup_dtype(self) -> np.dtype: + """Map between numpy and state dtypes""" + if self._dtype is not None: + return self._dtype + + dtypes = [] # Convert struct data types to numpy data type + for i, typ in enumerate(self._typlist): + if typ in self.NUMPY_TYPE_MAP: + typ = cast(str, typ) # only strs in NUMPY_TYPE_MAP + dtypes.append((f"s{i}", f"{self._byteorder}{self.NUMPY_TYPE_MAP[typ]}")) + else: + dtypes.append((f"s{i}", f"S{typ}")) + self._dtype = np.dtype(dtypes) + + return self._dtype + + def _decode(self, s: bytes) -> str: + # have bytes not strings, so must decode + s = s.partition(b"\0")[0] + try: + return s.decode(self._encoding) + except UnicodeDecodeError: + # GH 25960, fallback to handle incorrect format produced when 117 + # files are converted to 118 files in Stata + encoding = self._encoding + msg = f""" +One or more strings in the dta file could not be decoded using {encoding}, and +so the fallback encoding of latin-1 is being used. This can happen when a file +has been incorrectly encoded by Stata or some other software. You should verify +the string values returned are correct.""" + warnings.warn( + msg, + UnicodeWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + return s.decode("latin-1") + + def _read_value_labels(self) -> None: + self._ensure_open() + if self._value_labels_read: + # Don't read twice + return + if self._format_version <= 108: + # Value labels are not supported in version 108 and earlier. + self._value_labels_read = True + self._value_label_dict: dict[str, dict[float, str]] = {} + return + + if self._format_version >= 117: + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_value_labels) + else: + assert self._dtype is not None + offset = self._nobs * self._dtype.itemsize + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._data_location + offset) + + self._value_labels_read = True + self._value_label_dict = {} + + while True: + if self._format_version >= 117: + if self._path_or_buf.read(5) == b" + break # end of value label table + + slength = self._path_or_buf.read(4) + if not slength: + break # end of value label table (format < 117) + if self._format_version <= 117: + labname = self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(33)) + else: + labname = self._decode(self._path_or_buf.read(129)) + self._path_or_buf.read(3) # padding + + n = self._read_uint32() + txtlen = self._read_uint32() + off = np.frombuffer( + self._path_or_buf.read(4 * n), dtype=f"{self._byteorder}i4", count=n + ) + val = np.frombuffer( + self._path_or_buf.read(4 * n), dtype=f"{self._byteorder}i4", count=n + ) + ii = np.argsort(off) + off = off[ii] + val = val[ii] + txt = self._path_or_buf.read(txtlen) + self._value_label_dict[labname] = {} + for i in range(n): + end = off[i + 1] if i < n - 1 else txtlen + self._value_label_dict[labname][val[i]] = self._decode( + txt[off[i] : end] + ) + if self._format_version >= 117: + self._path_or_buf.read(6) # + self._value_labels_read = True + + def _read_strls(self) -> None: + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._seek_strls) + # Wrap v_o in a string to allow uint64 values as keys on 32bit OS + self.GSO = {"0": ""} + while True: + if self._path_or_buf.read(3) != b"GSO": + break + + if self._format_version == 117: + v_o = self._read_uint64() + else: + buf = self._path_or_buf.read(12) + # Only tested on little endian file on little endian machine. + v_size = 2 if self._format_version == 118 else 3 + if self._byteorder == "<": + buf = buf[0:v_size] + buf[4 : (12 - v_size)] + else: + # This path may not be correct, impossible to test + buf = buf[0:v_size] + buf[(4 + v_size) :] + v_o = struct.unpack("Q", buf)[0] + typ = self._read_uint8() + length = self._read_uint32() + va = self._path_or_buf.read(length) + if typ == 130: + decoded_va = va[0:-1].decode(self._encoding) + else: + # Stata says typ 129 can be binary, so use str + decoded_va = str(va) + # Wrap v_o in a string to allow uint64 values as keys on 32bit OS + self.GSO[str(v_o)] = decoded_va + + def __next__(self) -> DataFrame: + self._using_iterator = True + return self.read(nrows=self._chunksize) + + def get_chunk(self, size: int | None = None) -> DataFrame: + """ + Reads lines from Stata file and returns as dataframe + + Parameters + ---------- + size : int, defaults to None + Number of lines to read. If None, reads whole file. + + Returns + ------- + DataFrame + """ + if size is None: + size = self._chunksize + return self.read(nrows=size) + + @Appender(_read_method_doc) + def read( + self, + nrows: int | None = None, + convert_dates: bool | None = None, + convert_categoricals: bool | None = None, + index_col: str | None = None, + convert_missing: bool | None = None, + preserve_dtypes: bool | None = None, + columns: Sequence[str] | None = None, + order_categoricals: bool | None = None, + ) -> DataFrame: + self._ensure_open() + + # Handle options + if convert_dates is None: + convert_dates = self._convert_dates + if convert_categoricals is None: + convert_categoricals = self._convert_categoricals + if convert_missing is None: + convert_missing = self._convert_missing + if preserve_dtypes is None: + preserve_dtypes = self._preserve_dtypes + if columns is None: + columns = self._columns + if order_categoricals is None: + order_categoricals = self._order_categoricals + if index_col is None: + index_col = self._index_col + if nrows is None: + nrows = self._nobs + + # Handle empty file or chunk. If reading incrementally raise + # StopIteration. If reading the whole thing return an empty + # data frame. + if (self._nobs == 0) and nrows == 0: + self._can_read_value_labels = True + self._data_read = True + data = DataFrame(columns=self._varlist) + # Apply dtypes correctly + for i, col in enumerate(data.columns): + dt = self._dtyplist[i] + if isinstance(dt, np.dtype): + if dt.char != "S": + data[col] = data[col].astype(dt) + if columns is not None: + data = self._do_select_columns(data, columns) + return data + + if (self._format_version >= 117) and (not self._value_labels_read): + self._can_read_value_labels = True + self._read_strls() + + # Read data + assert self._dtype is not None + dtype = self._dtype + max_read_len = (self._nobs - self._lines_read) * dtype.itemsize + read_len = nrows * dtype.itemsize + read_len = min(read_len, max_read_len) + if read_len <= 0: + # Iterator has finished, should never be here unless + # we are reading the file incrementally + if convert_categoricals: + self._read_value_labels() + raise StopIteration + offset = self._lines_read * dtype.itemsize + self._path_or_buf.seek(self._data_location + offset) + read_lines = min(nrows, self._nobs - self._lines_read) + raw_data = np.frombuffer( + self._path_or_buf.read(read_len), dtype=dtype, count=read_lines + ) + + self._lines_read += read_lines + if self._lines_read == self._nobs: + self._can_read_value_labels = True + self._data_read = True + # if necessary, swap the byte order to native here + if self._byteorder != self._native_byteorder: + raw_data = raw_data.byteswap().view(raw_data.dtype.newbyteorder()) + + if convert_categoricals: + self._read_value_labels() + + if len(raw_data) == 0: + data = DataFrame(columns=self._varlist) + else: + data = DataFrame.from_records(raw_data) + data.columns = Index(self._varlist) + + # If index is not specified, use actual row number rather than + # restarting at 0 for each chunk. + if index_col is None: + data.index = RangeIndex( + self._lines_read - read_lines, self._lines_read + ) # set attr instead of set_index to avoid copy + + if columns is not None: + data = self._do_select_columns(data, columns) + + # Decode strings + for col, typ in zip(data, self._typlist): + if isinstance(typ, int): + data[col] = data[col].apply(self._decode) + + data = self._insert_strls(data) + + # Convert columns (if needed) to match input type + valid_dtypes = [i for i, dtyp in enumerate(self._dtyplist) if dtyp is not None] + object_type = np.dtype(object) + for idx in valid_dtypes: + dtype = data.iloc[:, idx].dtype + if dtype not in (object_type, self._dtyplist[idx]): + data.isetitem(idx, data.iloc[:, idx].astype(dtype)) + + data = self._do_convert_missing(data, convert_missing) + + if convert_dates: + for i, fmt in enumerate(self._fmtlist): + if any(fmt.startswith(date_fmt) for date_fmt in _date_formats): + data.isetitem( + i, _stata_elapsed_date_to_datetime_vec(data.iloc[:, i], fmt) + ) + + if convert_categoricals and self._format_version > 108: + data = self._do_convert_categoricals( + data, self._value_label_dict, self._lbllist, order_categoricals + ) + + if not preserve_dtypes: + retyped_data = [] + convert = False + for col in data: + dtype = data[col].dtype + if dtype in (np.dtype(np.float16), np.dtype(np.float32)): + dtype = np.dtype(np.float64) + convert = True + elif dtype in ( + np.dtype(np.int8), + np.dtype(np.int16), + np.dtype(np.int32), + ): + dtype = np.dtype(np.int64) + convert = True + retyped_data.append((col, data[col].astype(dtype))) + if convert: + data = DataFrame.from_dict(dict(retyped_data)) + + if index_col is not None: + data = data.set_index(data.pop(index_col)) + + return data + + def _do_convert_missing(self, data: DataFrame, convert_missing: bool) -> DataFrame: + # Check for missing values, and replace if found + replacements = {} + for i in range(len(data.columns)): + fmt = self._typlist[i] + if fmt not in self.VALID_RANGE: + continue + + fmt = cast(str, fmt) # only strs in VALID_RANGE + nmin, nmax = self.VALID_RANGE[fmt] + series = data.iloc[:, i] + + # appreciably faster to do this with ndarray instead of Series + svals = series._values + missing = (svals < nmin) | (svals > nmax) + + if not missing.any(): + continue + + if convert_missing: # Replacement follows Stata notation + missing_loc = np.nonzero(np.asarray(missing))[0] + umissing, umissing_loc = np.unique(series[missing], return_inverse=True) + replacement = Series(series, dtype=object) + for j, um in enumerate(umissing): + missing_value = StataMissingValue(um) + + loc = missing_loc[umissing_loc == j] + replacement.iloc[loc] = missing_value + else: # All replacements are identical + dtype = series.dtype + if dtype not in (np.float32, np.float64): + dtype = np.float64 + replacement = Series(series, dtype=dtype) + if not replacement._values.flags["WRITEABLE"]: + # only relevant for ArrayManager; construction + # path for BlockManager ensures writeability + replacement = replacement.copy() + # Note: operating on ._values is much faster than directly + # TODO: can we fix that? + replacement._values[missing] = np.nan + replacements[i] = replacement + if replacements: + for idx, value in replacements.items(): + data.isetitem(idx, value) + return data + + def _insert_strls(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + if not hasattr(self, "GSO") or len(self.GSO) == 0: + return data + for i, typ in enumerate(self._typlist): + if typ != "Q": + continue + # Wrap v_o in a string to allow uint64 values as keys on 32bit OS + data.isetitem(i, [self.GSO[str(k)] for k in data.iloc[:, i]]) + return data + + def _do_select_columns(self, data: DataFrame, columns: Sequence[str]) -> DataFrame: + if not self._column_selector_set: + column_set = set(columns) + if len(column_set) != len(columns): + raise ValueError("columns contains duplicate entries") + unmatched = column_set.difference(data.columns) + if unmatched: + joined = ", ".join(list(unmatched)) + raise ValueError( + "The following columns were not " + f"found in the Stata data set: {joined}" + ) + # Copy information for retained columns for later processing + dtyplist = [] + typlist = [] + fmtlist = [] + lbllist = [] + for col in columns: + i = data.columns.get_loc(col) + dtyplist.append(self._dtyplist[i]) + typlist.append(self._typlist[i]) + fmtlist.append(self._fmtlist[i]) + lbllist.append(self._lbllist[i]) + + self._dtyplist = dtyplist + self._typlist = typlist + self._fmtlist = fmtlist + self._lbllist = lbllist + self._column_selector_set = True + + return data[columns] + + def _do_convert_categoricals( + self, + data: DataFrame, + value_label_dict: dict[str, dict[float, str]], + lbllist: Sequence[str], + order_categoricals: bool, + ) -> DataFrame: + """ + Converts categorical columns to Categorical type. + """ + if not value_label_dict: + return data + cat_converted_data = [] + for col, label in zip(data, lbllist): + if label in value_label_dict: + # Explicit call with ordered=True + vl = value_label_dict[label] + keys = np.array(list(vl.keys())) + column = data[col] + key_matches = column.isin(keys) + if self._using_iterator and key_matches.all(): + initial_categories: np.ndarray | None = keys + # If all categories are in the keys and we are iterating, + # use the same keys for all chunks. If some are missing + # value labels, then we will fall back to the categories + # varying across chunks. + else: + if self._using_iterator: + # warn is using an iterator + warnings.warn( + categorical_conversion_warning, + CategoricalConversionWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + initial_categories = None + cat_data = Categorical( + column, categories=initial_categories, ordered=order_categoricals + ) + if initial_categories is None: + # If None here, then we need to match the cats in the Categorical + categories = [] + for category in cat_data.categories: + if category in vl: + categories.append(vl[category]) + else: + categories.append(category) + else: + # If all cats are matched, we can use the values + categories = list(vl.values()) + try: + # Try to catch duplicate categories + # TODO: if we get a non-copying rename_categories, use that + cat_data = cat_data.rename_categories(categories) + except ValueError as err: + vc = Series(categories, copy=False).value_counts() + repeated_cats = list(vc.index[vc > 1]) + repeats = "-" * 80 + "\n" + "\n".join(repeated_cats) + # GH 25772 + msg = f""" +Value labels for column {col} are not unique. These cannot be converted to +pandas categoricals. + +Either read the file with `convert_categoricals` set to False or use the +low level interface in `StataReader` to separately read the values and the +value_labels. + +The repeated labels are: +{repeats} +""" + raise ValueError(msg) from err + # TODO: is the next line needed above in the data(...) method? + cat_series = Series(cat_data, index=data.index, copy=False) + cat_converted_data.append((col, cat_series)) + else: + cat_converted_data.append((col, data[col])) + data = DataFrame(dict(cat_converted_data), copy=False) + return data + + @property + def data_label(self) -> str: + """ + Return data label of Stata file. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([(1,)], columns=["variable"]) + >>> time_stamp = pd.Timestamp(2000, 2, 29, 14, 21) + >>> data_label = "This is a data file." + >>> path = "/My_path/filename.dta" + >>> df.to_stata(path, time_stamp=time_stamp, # doctest: +SKIP + ... data_label=data_label, # doctest: +SKIP + ... version=None) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> with pd.io.stata.StataReader(path) as reader: # doctest: +SKIP + ... print(reader.data_label) # doctest: +SKIP + This is a data file. + """ + self._ensure_open() + return self._data_label + + @property + def time_stamp(self) -> str: + """ + Return time stamp of Stata file. + """ + self._ensure_open() + return self._time_stamp + + def variable_labels(self) -> dict[str, str]: + """ + Return a dict associating each variable name with corresponding label. + + Returns + ------- + dict + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=["col_1", "col_2"]) + >>> time_stamp = pd.Timestamp(2000, 2, 29, 14, 21) + >>> path = "/My_path/filename.dta" + >>> variable_labels = {"col_1": "This is an example"} + >>> df.to_stata(path, time_stamp=time_stamp, # doctest: +SKIP + ... variable_labels=variable_labels, version=None) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> with pd.io.stata.StataReader(path) as reader: # doctest: +SKIP + ... print(reader.variable_labels()) # doctest: +SKIP + {'index': '', 'col_1': 'This is an example', 'col_2': ''} + >>> pd.read_stata(path) # doctest: +SKIP + index col_1 col_2 + 0 0 1 2 + 1 1 3 4 + """ + self._ensure_open() + return dict(zip(self._varlist, self._variable_labels)) + + def value_labels(self) -> dict[str, dict[float, str]]: + """ + Return a nested dict associating each variable name to its value and label. + + Returns + ------- + dict + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame([[1, 2], [3, 4]], columns=["col_1", "col_2"]) + >>> time_stamp = pd.Timestamp(2000, 2, 29, 14, 21) + >>> path = "/My_path/filename.dta" + >>> value_labels = {"col_1": {3: "x"}} + >>> df.to_stata(path, time_stamp=time_stamp, # doctest: +SKIP + ... value_labels=value_labels, version=None) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> with pd.io.stata.StataReader(path) as reader: # doctest: +SKIP + ... print(reader.value_labels()) # doctest: +SKIP + {'col_1': {3: 'x'}} + >>> pd.read_stata(path) # doctest: +SKIP + index col_1 col_2 + 0 0 1 2 + 1 1 x 4 + """ + if not self._value_labels_read: + self._read_value_labels() + + return self._value_label_dict + + +@Appender(_read_stata_doc) +def read_stata( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes], + *, + convert_dates: bool = True, + convert_categoricals: bool = True, + index_col: str | None = None, + convert_missing: bool = False, + preserve_dtypes: bool = True, + columns: Sequence[str] | None = None, + order_categoricals: bool = True, + chunksize: int | None = None, + iterator: bool = False, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, +) -> DataFrame | StataReader: + reader = StataReader( + filepath_or_buffer, + convert_dates=convert_dates, + convert_categoricals=convert_categoricals, + index_col=index_col, + convert_missing=convert_missing, + preserve_dtypes=preserve_dtypes, + columns=columns, + order_categoricals=order_categoricals, + chunksize=chunksize, + storage_options=storage_options, + compression=compression, + ) + + if iterator or chunksize: + return reader + + with reader: + return reader.read() + + +def _set_endianness(endianness: str) -> str: + if endianness.lower() in ["<", "little"]: + return "<" + elif endianness.lower() in [">", "big"]: + return ">" + else: # pragma : no cover + raise ValueError(f"Endianness {endianness} not understood") + + +def _pad_bytes(name: AnyStr, length: int) -> AnyStr: + """ + Take a char string and pads it with null bytes until it's length chars. + """ + if isinstance(name, bytes): + return name + b"\x00" * (length - len(name)) + return name + "\x00" * (length - len(name)) + + +def _convert_datetime_to_stata_type(fmt: str) -> np.dtype: + """ + Convert from one of the stata date formats to a type in TYPE_MAP. + """ + if fmt in [ + "tc", + "%tc", + "td", + "%td", + "tw", + "%tw", + "tm", + "%tm", + "tq", + "%tq", + "th", + "%th", + "ty", + "%ty", + ]: + return np.dtype(np.float64) # Stata expects doubles for SIFs + else: + raise NotImplementedError(f"Format {fmt} not implemented") + + +def _maybe_convert_to_int_keys(convert_dates: dict, varlist: list[Hashable]) -> dict: + new_dict = {} + for key in convert_dates: + if not convert_dates[key].startswith("%"): # make sure proper fmts + convert_dates[key] = "%" + convert_dates[key] + if key in varlist: + new_dict.update({varlist.index(key): convert_dates[key]}) + else: + if not isinstance(key, int): + raise ValueError("convert_dates key must be a column or an integer") + new_dict.update({key: convert_dates[key]}) + return new_dict + + +def _dtype_to_stata_type(dtype: np.dtype, column: Series) -> int: + """ + Convert dtype types to stata types. Returns the byte of the given ordinal. + See TYPE_MAP and comments for an explanation. This is also explained in + the dta spec. + 1 - 244 are strings of this length + Pandas Stata + 251 - for int8 byte + 252 - for int16 int + 253 - for int32 long + 254 - for float32 float + 255 - for double double + + If there are dates to convert, then dtype will already have the correct + type inserted. + """ + # TODO: expand to handle datetime to integer conversion + if dtype.type is np.object_: # try to coerce it to the biggest string + # not memory efficient, what else could we + # do? + itemsize = max_len_string_array(ensure_object(column._values)) + return max(itemsize, 1) + elif dtype.type is np.float64: + return 255 + elif dtype.type is np.float32: + return 254 + elif dtype.type is np.int32: + return 253 + elif dtype.type is np.int16: + return 252 + elif dtype.type is np.int8: + return 251 + else: # pragma : no cover + raise NotImplementedError(f"Data type {dtype} not supported.") + + +def _dtype_to_default_stata_fmt( + dtype, column: Series, dta_version: int = 114, force_strl: bool = False +) -> str: + """ + Map numpy dtype to stata's default format for this type. Not terribly + important since users can change this in Stata. Semantics are + + object -> "%DDs" where DD is the length of the string. If not a string, + raise ValueError + float64 -> "%10.0g" + float32 -> "%9.0g" + int64 -> "%9.0g" + int32 -> "%12.0g" + int16 -> "%8.0g" + int8 -> "%8.0g" + strl -> "%9s" + """ + # TODO: Refactor to combine type with format + # TODO: expand this to handle a default datetime format? + if dta_version < 117: + max_str_len = 244 + else: + max_str_len = 2045 + if force_strl: + return "%9s" + if dtype.type is np.object_: + itemsize = max_len_string_array(ensure_object(column._values)) + if itemsize > max_str_len: + if dta_version >= 117: + return "%9s" + else: + raise ValueError(excessive_string_length_error.format(column.name)) + return "%" + str(max(itemsize, 1)) + "s" + elif dtype == np.float64: + return "%10.0g" + elif dtype == np.float32: + return "%9.0g" + elif dtype == np.int32: + return "%12.0g" + elif dtype in (np.int8, np.int16): + return "%8.0g" + else: # pragma : no cover + raise NotImplementedError(f"Data type {dtype} not supported.") + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + compression_options=_shared_docs["compression_options"] % "fname", +) +class StataWriter(StataParser): + """ + A class for writing Stata binary dta files + + Parameters + ---------- + fname : path (string), buffer or path object + string, path object (pathlib.Path or py._path.local.LocalPath) or + object implementing a binary write() functions. If using a buffer + then the buffer will not be automatically closed after the file + is written. + data : DataFrame + Input to save + convert_dates : dict + Dictionary mapping columns containing datetime types to stata internal + format to use when writing the dates. Options are 'tc', 'td', 'tm', + 'tw', 'th', 'tq', 'ty'. Column can be either an integer or a name. + Datetime columns that do not have a conversion type specified will be + converted to 'tc'. Raises NotImplementedError if a datetime column has + timezone information + write_index : bool + Write the index to Stata dataset. + byteorder : str + Can be ">", "<", "little", or "big". default is `sys.byteorder` + time_stamp : datetime + A datetime to use as file creation date. Default is the current time + data_label : str + A label for the data set. Must be 80 characters or smaller. + variable_labels : dict + Dictionary containing columns as keys and variable labels as values. + Each label must be 80 characters or smaller. + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + {storage_options} + + value_labels : dict of dicts + Dictionary containing columns as keys and dictionaries of column value + to labels as values. The combined length of all labels for a single + variable must be 32,000 characters or smaller. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Returns + ------- + writer : StataWriter instance + The StataWriter instance has a write_file method, which will + write the file to the given `fname`. + + Raises + ------ + NotImplementedError + * If datetimes contain timezone information + ValueError + * Columns listed in convert_dates are neither datetime64[ns] + or datetime + * Column dtype is not representable in Stata + * Column listed in convert_dates is not in DataFrame + * Categorical label contains more than 32,000 characters + + Examples + -------- + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([[1.0, 1]], columns=['a', 'b']) + >>> writer = StataWriter('./data_file.dta', data) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Directly write a zip file + >>> compression = {{"method": "zip", "archive_name": "data_file.dta"}} + >>> writer = StataWriter('./data_file.zip', data, compression=compression) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Save a DataFrame with dates + >>> from datetime import datetime + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([[datetime(2000,1,1)]], columns=['date']) + >>> writer = StataWriter('./date_data_file.dta', data, {{'date' : 'tw'}}) + >>> writer.write_file() + """ + + _max_string_length = 244 + _encoding: Literal["latin-1", "utf-8"] = "latin-1" + + def __init__( + self, + fname: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + data: DataFrame, + convert_dates: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + write_index: bool = True, + byteorder: str | None = None, + time_stamp: datetime | None = None, + data_label: str | None = None, + variable_labels: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + *, + value_labels: dict[Hashable, dict[float, str]] | None = None, + ) -> None: + super().__init__() + self.data = data + self._convert_dates = {} if convert_dates is None else convert_dates + self._write_index = write_index + self._time_stamp = time_stamp + self._data_label = data_label + self._variable_labels = variable_labels + self._non_cat_value_labels = value_labels + self._value_labels: list[StataValueLabel] = [] + self._has_value_labels = np.array([], dtype=bool) + self._compression = compression + self._output_file: IO[bytes] | None = None + self._converted_names: dict[Hashable, str] = {} + # attach nobs, nvars, data, varlist, typlist + self._prepare_pandas(data) + self.storage_options = storage_options + + if byteorder is None: + byteorder = sys.byteorder + self._byteorder = _set_endianness(byteorder) + self._fname = fname + self.type_converters = {253: np.int32, 252: np.int16, 251: np.int8} + + def _write(self, to_write: str) -> None: + """ + Helper to call encode before writing to file for Python 3 compat. + """ + self.handles.handle.write(to_write.encode(self._encoding)) + + def _write_bytes(self, value: bytes) -> None: + """ + Helper to assert file is open before writing. + """ + self.handles.handle.write(value) + + def _prepare_non_cat_value_labels( + self, data: DataFrame + ) -> list[StataNonCatValueLabel]: + """ + Check for value labels provided for non-categorical columns. Value + labels + """ + non_cat_value_labels: list[StataNonCatValueLabel] = [] + if self._non_cat_value_labels is None: + return non_cat_value_labels + + for labname, labels in self._non_cat_value_labels.items(): + if labname in self._converted_names: + colname = self._converted_names[labname] + elif labname in data.columns: + colname = str(labname) + else: + raise KeyError( + f"Can't create value labels for {labname}, it wasn't " + "found in the dataset." + ) + + if not is_numeric_dtype(data[colname].dtype): + # Labels should not be passed explicitly for categorical + # columns that will be converted to int + raise ValueError( + f"Can't create value labels for {labname}, value labels " + "can only be applied to numeric columns." + ) + svl = StataNonCatValueLabel(colname, labels, self._encoding) + non_cat_value_labels.append(svl) + return non_cat_value_labels + + def _prepare_categoricals(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + """ + Check for categorical columns, retain categorical information for + Stata file and convert categorical data to int + """ + is_cat = [isinstance(dtype, CategoricalDtype) for dtype in data.dtypes] + if not any(is_cat): + return data + + self._has_value_labels |= np.array(is_cat) + + get_base_missing_value = StataMissingValue.get_base_missing_value + data_formatted = [] + for col, col_is_cat in zip(data, is_cat): + if col_is_cat: + svl = StataValueLabel(data[col], encoding=self._encoding) + self._value_labels.append(svl) + dtype = data[col].cat.codes.dtype + if dtype == np.int64: + raise ValueError( + "It is not possible to export " + "int64-based categorical data to Stata." + ) + values = data[col].cat.codes._values.copy() + + # Upcast if needed so that correct missing values can be set + if values.max() >= get_base_missing_value(dtype): + if dtype == np.int8: + dtype = np.dtype(np.int16) + elif dtype == np.int16: + dtype = np.dtype(np.int32) + else: + dtype = np.dtype(np.float64) + values = np.array(values, dtype=dtype) + + # Replace missing values with Stata missing value for type + values[values == -1] = get_base_missing_value(dtype) + data_formatted.append((col, values)) + else: + data_formatted.append((col, data[col])) + return DataFrame.from_dict(dict(data_formatted)) + + def _replace_nans(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + # return data + """ + Checks floating point data columns for nans, and replaces these with + the generic Stata for missing value (.) + """ + for c in data: + dtype = data[c].dtype + if dtype in (np.float32, np.float64): + if dtype == np.float32: + replacement = self.MISSING_VALUES["f"] + else: + replacement = self.MISSING_VALUES["d"] + data[c] = data[c].fillna(replacement) + + return data + + def _update_strl_names(self) -> None: + """No-op, forward compatibility""" + + def _validate_variable_name(self, name: str) -> str: + """ + Validate variable names for Stata export. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Variable name + + Returns + ------- + str + The validated name with invalid characters replaced with + underscores. + + Notes + ----- + Stata 114 and 117 support ascii characters in a-z, A-Z, 0-9 + and _. + """ + for c in name: + if ( + (c < "A" or c > "Z") + and (c < "a" or c > "z") + and (c < "0" or c > "9") + and c != "_" + ): + name = name.replace(c, "_") + return name + + def _check_column_names(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + """ + Checks column names to ensure that they are valid Stata column names. + This includes checks for: + * Non-string names + * Stata keywords + * Variables that start with numbers + * Variables with names that are too long + + When an illegal variable name is detected, it is converted, and if + dates are exported, the variable name is propagated to the date + conversion dictionary + """ + converted_names: dict[Hashable, str] = {} + columns = list(data.columns) + original_columns = columns[:] + + duplicate_var_id = 0 + for j, name in enumerate(columns): + orig_name = name + if not isinstance(name, str): + name = str(name) + + name = self._validate_variable_name(name) + + # Variable name must not be a reserved word + if name in self.RESERVED_WORDS: + name = "_" + name + + # Variable name may not start with a number + if "0" <= name[0] <= "9": + name = "_" + name + + name = name[: min(len(name), 32)] + + if not name == orig_name: + # check for duplicates + while columns.count(name) > 0: + # prepend ascending number to avoid duplicates + name = "_" + str(duplicate_var_id) + name + name = name[: min(len(name), 32)] + duplicate_var_id += 1 + converted_names[orig_name] = name + + columns[j] = name + + data.columns = Index(columns) + + # Check date conversion, and fix key if needed + if self._convert_dates: + for c, o in zip(columns, original_columns): + if c != o: + self._convert_dates[c] = self._convert_dates[o] + del self._convert_dates[o] + + if converted_names: + conversion_warning = [] + for orig_name, name in converted_names.items(): + msg = f"{orig_name} -> {name}" + conversion_warning.append(msg) + + ws = invalid_name_doc.format("\n ".join(conversion_warning)) + warnings.warn( + ws, + InvalidColumnName, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + self._converted_names = converted_names + self._update_strl_names() + + return data + + def _set_formats_and_types(self, dtypes: Series) -> None: + self.fmtlist: list[str] = [] + self.typlist: list[int] = [] + for col, dtype in dtypes.items(): + self.fmtlist.append(_dtype_to_default_stata_fmt(dtype, self.data[col])) + self.typlist.append(_dtype_to_stata_type(dtype, self.data[col])) + + def _prepare_pandas(self, data: DataFrame) -> None: + # NOTE: we might need a different API / class for pandas objects so + # we can set different semantics - handle this with a PR to pandas.io + + data = data.copy() + + if self._write_index: + temp = data.reset_index() + if isinstance(temp, DataFrame): + data = temp + + # Ensure column names are strings + data = self._check_column_names(data) + + # Check columns for compatibility with stata, upcast if necessary + # Raise if outside the supported range + data = _cast_to_stata_types(data) + + # Replace NaNs with Stata missing values + data = self._replace_nans(data) + + # Set all columns to initially unlabelled + self._has_value_labels = np.repeat(False, data.shape[1]) + + # Create value labels for non-categorical data + non_cat_value_labels = self._prepare_non_cat_value_labels(data) + + non_cat_columns = [svl.labname for svl in non_cat_value_labels] + has_non_cat_val_labels = data.columns.isin(non_cat_columns) + self._has_value_labels |= has_non_cat_val_labels + self._value_labels.extend(non_cat_value_labels) + + # Convert categoricals to int data, and strip labels + data = self._prepare_categoricals(data) + + self.nobs, self.nvar = data.shape + self.data = data + self.varlist = data.columns.tolist() + + dtypes = data.dtypes + + # Ensure all date columns are converted + for col in data: + if col in self._convert_dates: + continue + if lib.is_np_dtype(data[col].dtype, "M"): + self._convert_dates[col] = "tc" + + self._convert_dates = _maybe_convert_to_int_keys( + self._convert_dates, self.varlist + ) + for key in self._convert_dates: + new_type = _convert_datetime_to_stata_type(self._convert_dates[key]) + dtypes.iloc[key] = np.dtype(new_type) + + # Verify object arrays are strings and encode to bytes + self._encode_strings() + + self._set_formats_and_types(dtypes) + + # set the given format for the datetime cols + if self._convert_dates is not None: + for key in self._convert_dates: + if isinstance(key, int): + self.fmtlist[key] = self._convert_dates[key] + + def _encode_strings(self) -> None: + """ + Encode strings in dta-specific encoding + + Do not encode columns marked for date conversion or for strL + conversion. The strL converter independently handles conversion and + also accepts empty string arrays. + """ + convert_dates = self._convert_dates + # _convert_strl is not available in dta 114 + convert_strl = getattr(self, "_convert_strl", []) + for i, col in enumerate(self.data): + # Skip columns marked for date conversion or strl conversion + if i in convert_dates or col in convert_strl: + continue + column = self.data[col] + dtype = column.dtype + if dtype.type is np.object_: + inferred_dtype = infer_dtype(column, skipna=True) + if not ((inferred_dtype == "string") or len(column) == 0): + col = column.name + raise ValueError( + f"""\ +Column `{col}` cannot be exported.\n\nOnly string-like object arrays +containing all strings or a mix of strings and None can be exported. +Object arrays containing only null values are prohibited. Other object +types cannot be exported and must first be converted to one of the +supported types.""" + ) + encoded = self.data[col].str.encode(self._encoding) + # If larger than _max_string_length do nothing + if ( + max_len_string_array(ensure_object(encoded._values)) + <= self._max_string_length + ): + self.data[col] = encoded + + def write_file(self) -> None: + """ + Export DataFrame object to Stata dta format. + + Examples + -------- + >>> df = pd.DataFrame({"fully_labelled": [1, 2, 3, 3, 1], + ... "partially_labelled": [1.0, 2.0, np.nan, 9.0, np.nan], + ... "Y": [7, 7, 9, 8, 10], + ... "Z": pd.Categorical(["j", "k", "l", "k", "j"]), + ... }) + >>> path = "/My_path/filename.dta" + >>> labels = {"fully_labelled": {1: "one", 2: "two", 3: "three"}, + ... "partially_labelled": {1.0: "one", 2.0: "two"}, + ... } + >>> writer = pd.io.stata.StataWriter(path, + ... df, + ... value_labels=labels) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> writer.write_file() # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df = pd.read_stata(path) # doctest: +SKIP + >>> df # doctest: +SKIP + index fully_labelled partially_labeled Y Z + 0 0 one one 7 j + 1 1 two two 7 k + 2 2 three NaN 9 l + 3 3 three 9.0 8 k + 4 4 one NaN 10 j + """ + with get_handle( + self._fname, + "wb", + compression=self._compression, + is_text=False, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + ) as self.handles: + if self.handles.compression["method"] is not None: + # ZipFile creates a file (with the same name) for each write call. + # Write it first into a buffer and then write the buffer to the ZipFile. + self._output_file, self.handles.handle = self.handles.handle, BytesIO() + self.handles.created_handles.append(self.handles.handle) + + try: + self._write_header( + data_label=self._data_label, time_stamp=self._time_stamp + ) + self._write_map() + self._write_variable_types() + self._write_varnames() + self._write_sortlist() + self._write_formats() + self._write_value_label_names() + self._write_variable_labels() + self._write_expansion_fields() + self._write_characteristics() + records = self._prepare_data() + self._write_data(records) + self._write_strls() + self._write_value_labels() + self._write_file_close_tag() + self._write_map() + self._close() + except Exception as exc: + self.handles.close() + if isinstance(self._fname, (str, os.PathLike)) and os.path.isfile( + self._fname + ): + try: + os.unlink(self._fname) + except OSError: + warnings.warn( + f"This save was not successful but {self._fname} could not " + "be deleted. This file is not valid.", + ResourceWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + raise exc + + def _close(self) -> None: + """ + Close the file if it was created by the writer. + + If a buffer or file-like object was passed in, for example a GzipFile, + then leave this file open for the caller to close. + """ + # write compression + if self._output_file is not None: + assert isinstance(self.handles.handle, BytesIO) + bio, self.handles.handle = self.handles.handle, self._output_file + self.handles.handle.write(bio.getvalue()) + + def _write_map(self) -> None: + """No-op, future compatibility""" + + def _write_file_close_tag(self) -> None: + """No-op, future compatibility""" + + def _write_characteristics(self) -> None: + """No-op, future compatibility""" + + def _write_strls(self) -> None: + """No-op, future compatibility""" + + def _write_expansion_fields(self) -> None: + """Write 5 zeros for expansion fields""" + self._write(_pad_bytes("", 5)) + + def _write_value_labels(self) -> None: + for vl in self._value_labels: + self._write_bytes(vl.generate_value_label(self._byteorder)) + + def _write_header( + self, + data_label: str | None = None, + time_stamp: datetime | None = None, + ) -> None: + byteorder = self._byteorder + # ds_format - just use 114 + self._write_bytes(struct.pack("b", 114)) + # byteorder + self._write(byteorder == ">" and "\x01" or "\x02") + # filetype + self._write("\x01") + # unused + self._write("\x00") + # number of vars, 2 bytes + self._write_bytes(struct.pack(byteorder + "h", self.nvar)[:2]) + # number of obs, 4 bytes + self._write_bytes(struct.pack(byteorder + "i", self.nobs)[:4]) + # data label 81 bytes, char, null terminated + if data_label is None: + self._write_bytes(self._null_terminate_bytes(_pad_bytes("", 80))) + else: + self._write_bytes( + self._null_terminate_bytes(_pad_bytes(data_label[:80], 80)) + ) + # time stamp, 18 bytes, char, null terminated + # format dd Mon yyyy hh:mm + if time_stamp is None: + time_stamp = datetime.now() + elif not isinstance(time_stamp, datetime): + raise ValueError("time_stamp should be datetime type") + # GH #13856 + # Avoid locale-specific month conversion + months = [ + "Jan", + "Feb", + "Mar", + "Apr", + "May", + "Jun", + "Jul", + "Aug", + "Sep", + "Oct", + "Nov", + "Dec", + ] + month_lookup = {i + 1: month for i, month in enumerate(months)} + ts = ( + time_stamp.strftime("%d ") + + month_lookup[time_stamp.month] + + time_stamp.strftime(" %Y %H:%M") + ) + self._write_bytes(self._null_terminate_bytes(ts)) + + def _write_variable_types(self) -> None: + for typ in self.typlist: + self._write_bytes(struct.pack("B", typ)) + + def _write_varnames(self) -> None: + # varlist names are checked by _check_column_names + # varlist, requires null terminated + for name in self.varlist: + name = self._null_terminate_str(name) + name = _pad_bytes(name[:32], 33) + self._write(name) + + def _write_sortlist(self) -> None: + # srtlist, 2*(nvar+1), int array, encoded by byteorder + srtlist = _pad_bytes("", 2 * (self.nvar + 1)) + self._write(srtlist) + + def _write_formats(self) -> None: + # fmtlist, 49*nvar, char array + for fmt in self.fmtlist: + self._write(_pad_bytes(fmt, 49)) + + def _write_value_label_names(self) -> None: + # lbllist, 33*nvar, char array + for i in range(self.nvar): + # Use variable name when categorical + if self._has_value_labels[i]: + name = self.varlist[i] + name = self._null_terminate_str(name) + name = _pad_bytes(name[:32], 33) + self._write(name) + else: # Default is empty label + self._write(_pad_bytes("", 33)) + + def _write_variable_labels(self) -> None: + # Missing labels are 80 blank characters plus null termination + blank = _pad_bytes("", 81) + + if self._variable_labels is None: + for i in range(self.nvar): + self._write(blank) + return + + for col in self.data: + if col in self._variable_labels: + label = self._variable_labels[col] + if len(label) > 80: + raise ValueError("Variable labels must be 80 characters or fewer") + is_latin1 = all(ord(c) < 256 for c in label) + if not is_latin1: + raise ValueError( + "Variable labels must contain only characters that " + "can be encoded in Latin-1" + ) + self._write(_pad_bytes(label, 81)) + else: + self._write(blank) + + def _convert_strls(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + """No-op, future compatibility""" + return data + + def _prepare_data(self) -> np.rec.recarray: + data = self.data + typlist = self.typlist + convert_dates = self._convert_dates + # 1. Convert dates + if self._convert_dates is not None: + for i, col in enumerate(data): + if i in convert_dates: + data[col] = _datetime_to_stata_elapsed_vec( + data[col], self.fmtlist[i] + ) + # 2. Convert strls + data = self._convert_strls(data) + + # 3. Convert bad string data to '' and pad to correct length + dtypes = {} + native_byteorder = self._byteorder == _set_endianness(sys.byteorder) + for i, col in enumerate(data): + typ = typlist[i] + if typ <= self._max_string_length: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.filterwarnings( + "ignore", + "Downcasting object dtype arrays", + category=FutureWarning, + ) + dc = data[col].fillna("") + data[col] = dc.apply(_pad_bytes, args=(typ,)) + stype = f"S{typ}" + dtypes[col] = stype + data[col] = data[col].astype(stype) + else: + dtype = data[col].dtype + if not native_byteorder: + dtype = dtype.newbyteorder(self._byteorder) + dtypes[col] = dtype + + return data.to_records(index=False, column_dtypes=dtypes) + + def _write_data(self, records: np.rec.recarray) -> None: + self._write_bytes(records.tobytes()) + + @staticmethod + def _null_terminate_str(s: str) -> str: + s += "\x00" + return s + + def _null_terminate_bytes(self, s: str) -> bytes: + return self._null_terminate_str(s).encode(self._encoding) + + +def _dtype_to_stata_type_117(dtype: np.dtype, column: Series, force_strl: bool) -> int: + """ + Converts dtype types to stata types. Returns the byte of the given ordinal. + See TYPE_MAP and comments for an explanation. This is also explained in + the dta spec. + 1 - 2045 are strings of this length + Pandas Stata + 32768 - for object strL + 65526 - for int8 byte + 65527 - for int16 int + 65528 - for int32 long + 65529 - for float32 float + 65530 - for double double + + If there are dates to convert, then dtype will already have the correct + type inserted. + """ + # TODO: expand to handle datetime to integer conversion + if force_strl: + return 32768 + if dtype.type is np.object_: # try to coerce it to the biggest string + # not memory efficient, what else could we + # do? + itemsize = max_len_string_array(ensure_object(column._values)) + itemsize = max(itemsize, 1) + if itemsize <= 2045: + return itemsize + return 32768 + elif dtype.type is np.float64: + return 65526 + elif dtype.type is np.float32: + return 65527 + elif dtype.type is np.int32: + return 65528 + elif dtype.type is np.int16: + return 65529 + elif dtype.type is np.int8: + return 65530 + else: # pragma : no cover + raise NotImplementedError(f"Data type {dtype} not supported.") + + +def _pad_bytes_new(name: str | bytes, length: int) -> bytes: + """ + Takes a bytes instance and pads it with null bytes until it's length chars. + """ + if isinstance(name, str): + name = bytes(name, "utf-8") + return name + b"\x00" * (length - len(name)) + + +class StataStrLWriter: + """ + Converter for Stata StrLs + + Stata StrLs map 8 byte values to strings which are stored using a + dictionary-like format where strings are keyed to two values. + + Parameters + ---------- + df : DataFrame + DataFrame to convert + columns : Sequence[str] + List of columns names to convert to StrL + version : int, optional + dta version. Currently supports 117, 118 and 119 + byteorder : str, optional + Can be ">", "<", "little", or "big". default is `sys.byteorder` + + Notes + ----- + Supports creation of the StrL block of a dta file for dta versions + 117, 118 and 119. These differ in how the GSO is stored. 118 and + 119 store the GSO lookup value as a uint32 and a uint64, while 117 + uses two uint32s. 118 and 119 also encode all strings as unicode + which is required by the format. 117 uses 'latin-1' a fixed width + encoding that extends the 7-bit ascii table with an additional 128 + characters. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + df: DataFrame, + columns: Sequence[str], + version: int = 117, + byteorder: str | None = None, + ) -> None: + if version not in (117, 118, 119): + raise ValueError("Only dta versions 117, 118 and 119 supported") + self._dta_ver = version + + self.df = df + self.columns = columns + self._gso_table = {"": (0, 0)} + if byteorder is None: + byteorder = sys.byteorder + self._byteorder = _set_endianness(byteorder) + + gso_v_type = "I" # uint32 + gso_o_type = "Q" # uint64 + self._encoding = "utf-8" + if version == 117: + o_size = 4 + gso_o_type = "I" # 117 used uint32 + self._encoding = "latin-1" + elif version == 118: + o_size = 6 + else: # version == 119 + o_size = 5 + self._o_offet = 2 ** (8 * (8 - o_size)) + self._gso_o_type = gso_o_type + self._gso_v_type = gso_v_type + + def _convert_key(self, key: tuple[int, int]) -> int: + v, o = key + return v + self._o_offet * o + + def generate_table(self) -> tuple[dict[str, tuple[int, int]], DataFrame]: + """ + Generates the GSO lookup table for the DataFrame + + Returns + ------- + gso_table : dict + Ordered dictionary using the string found as keys + and their lookup position (v,o) as values + gso_df : DataFrame + DataFrame where strl columns have been converted to + (v,o) values + + Notes + ----- + Modifies the DataFrame in-place. + + The DataFrame returned encodes the (v,o) values as uint64s. The + encoding depends on the dta version, and can be expressed as + + enc = v + o * 2 ** (o_size * 8) + + so that v is stored in the lower bits and o is in the upper + bits. o_size is + + * 117: 4 + * 118: 6 + * 119: 5 + """ + gso_table = self._gso_table + gso_df = self.df + columns = list(gso_df.columns) + selected = gso_df[self.columns] + col_index = [(col, columns.index(col)) for col in self.columns] + keys = np.empty(selected.shape, dtype=np.uint64) + for o, (idx, row) in enumerate(selected.iterrows()): + for j, (col, v) in enumerate(col_index): + val = row[col] + # Allow columns with mixed str and None (GH 23633) + val = "" if val is None else val + key = gso_table.get(val, None) + if key is None: + # Stata prefers human numbers + key = (v + 1, o + 1) + gso_table[val] = key + keys[o, j] = self._convert_key(key) + for i, col in enumerate(self.columns): + gso_df[col] = keys[:, i] + + return gso_table, gso_df + + def generate_blob(self, gso_table: dict[str, tuple[int, int]]) -> bytes: + """ + Generates the binary blob of GSOs that is written to the dta file. + + Parameters + ---------- + gso_table : dict + Ordered dictionary (str, vo) + + Returns + ------- + gso : bytes + Binary content of dta file to be placed between strl tags + + Notes + ----- + Output format depends on dta version. 117 uses two uint32s to + express v and o while 118+ uses a uint32 for v and a uint64 for o. + """ + # Format information + # Length includes null term + # 117 + # GSOvvvvooootllllxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx...x + # 3 u4 u4 u1 u4 string + null term + # + # 118, 119 + # GSOvvvvooooooootllllxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx...x + # 3 u4 u8 u1 u4 string + null term + + bio = BytesIO() + gso = bytes("GSO", "ascii") + gso_type = struct.pack(self._byteorder + "B", 130) + null = struct.pack(self._byteorder + "B", 0) + v_type = self._byteorder + self._gso_v_type + o_type = self._byteorder + self._gso_o_type + len_type = self._byteorder + "I" + for strl, vo in gso_table.items(): + if vo == (0, 0): + continue + v, o = vo + + # GSO + bio.write(gso) + + # vvvv + bio.write(struct.pack(v_type, v)) + + # oooo / oooooooo + bio.write(struct.pack(o_type, o)) + + # t + bio.write(gso_type) + + # llll + utf8_string = bytes(strl, "utf-8") + bio.write(struct.pack(len_type, len(utf8_string) + 1)) + + # xxx...xxx + bio.write(utf8_string) + bio.write(null) + + return bio.getvalue() + + +class StataWriter117(StataWriter): + """ + A class for writing Stata binary dta files in Stata 13 format (117) + + Parameters + ---------- + fname : path (string), buffer or path object + string, path object (pathlib.Path or py._path.local.LocalPath) or + object implementing a binary write() functions. If using a buffer + then the buffer will not be automatically closed after the file + is written. + data : DataFrame + Input to save + convert_dates : dict + Dictionary mapping columns containing datetime types to stata internal + format to use when writing the dates. Options are 'tc', 'td', 'tm', + 'tw', 'th', 'tq', 'ty'. Column can be either an integer or a name. + Datetime columns that do not have a conversion type specified will be + converted to 'tc'. Raises NotImplementedError if a datetime column has + timezone information + write_index : bool + Write the index to Stata dataset. + byteorder : str + Can be ">", "<", "little", or "big". default is `sys.byteorder` + time_stamp : datetime + A datetime to use as file creation date. Default is the current time + data_label : str + A label for the data set. Must be 80 characters or smaller. + variable_labels : dict + Dictionary containing columns as keys and variable labels as values. + Each label must be 80 characters or smaller. + convert_strl : list + List of columns names to convert to Stata StrL format. Columns with + more than 2045 characters are automatically written as StrL. + Smaller columns can be converted by including the column name. Using + StrLs can reduce output file size when strings are longer than 8 + characters, and either frequently repeated or sparse. + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + value_labels : dict of dicts + Dictionary containing columns as keys and dictionaries of column value + to labels as values. The combined length of all labels for a single + variable must be 32,000 characters or smaller. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Returns + ------- + writer : StataWriter117 instance + The StataWriter117 instance has a write_file method, which will + write the file to the given `fname`. + + Raises + ------ + NotImplementedError + * If datetimes contain timezone information + ValueError + * Columns listed in convert_dates are neither datetime64[ns] + or datetime + * Column dtype is not representable in Stata + * Column listed in convert_dates is not in DataFrame + * Categorical label contains more than 32,000 characters + + Examples + -------- + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([[1.0, 1, 'a']], columns=['a', 'b', 'c']) + >>> writer = pd.io.stata.StataWriter117('./data_file.dta', data) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Directly write a zip file + >>> compression = {"method": "zip", "archive_name": "data_file.dta"} + >>> writer = pd.io.stata.StataWriter117( + ... './data_file.zip', data, compression=compression + ... ) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Or with long strings stored in strl format + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([['A relatively long string'], [''], ['']], + ... columns=['strls']) + >>> writer = pd.io.stata.StataWriter117( + ... './data_file_with_long_strings.dta', data, convert_strl=['strls']) + >>> writer.write_file() + """ + + _max_string_length = 2045 + _dta_version = 117 + + def __init__( + self, + fname: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + data: DataFrame, + convert_dates: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + write_index: bool = True, + byteorder: str | None = None, + time_stamp: datetime | None = None, + data_label: str | None = None, + variable_labels: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + convert_strl: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + *, + value_labels: dict[Hashable, dict[float, str]] | None = None, + ) -> None: + # Copy to new list since convert_strl might be modified later + self._convert_strl: list[Hashable] = [] + if convert_strl is not None: + self._convert_strl.extend(convert_strl) + + super().__init__( + fname, + data, + convert_dates, + write_index, + byteorder=byteorder, + time_stamp=time_stamp, + data_label=data_label, + variable_labels=variable_labels, + value_labels=value_labels, + compression=compression, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) + self._map: dict[str, int] = {} + self._strl_blob = b"" + + @staticmethod + def _tag(val: str | bytes, tag: str) -> bytes: + """Surround val with """ + if isinstance(val, str): + val = bytes(val, "utf-8") + return bytes("<" + tag + ">", "utf-8") + val + bytes("", "utf-8") + + def _update_map(self, tag: str) -> None: + """Update map location for tag with file position""" + assert self.handles.handle is not None + self._map[tag] = self.handles.handle.tell() + + def _write_header( + self, + data_label: str | None = None, + time_stamp: datetime | None = None, + ) -> None: + """Write the file header""" + byteorder = self._byteorder + self._write_bytes(bytes("", "utf-8")) + bio = BytesIO() + # ds_format - 117 + bio.write(self._tag(bytes(str(self._dta_version), "utf-8"), "release")) + # byteorder + bio.write(self._tag(byteorder == ">" and "MSF" or "LSF", "byteorder")) + # number of vars, 2 bytes in 117 and 118, 4 byte in 119 + nvar_type = "H" if self._dta_version <= 118 else "I" + bio.write(self._tag(struct.pack(byteorder + nvar_type, self.nvar), "K")) + # 117 uses 4 bytes, 118 uses 8 + nobs_size = "I" if self._dta_version == 117 else "Q" + bio.write(self._tag(struct.pack(byteorder + nobs_size, self.nobs), "N")) + # data label 81 bytes, char, null terminated + label = data_label[:80] if data_label is not None else "" + encoded_label = label.encode(self._encoding) + label_size = "B" if self._dta_version == 117 else "H" + label_len = struct.pack(byteorder + label_size, len(encoded_label)) + encoded_label = label_len + encoded_label + bio.write(self._tag(encoded_label, "label")) + # time stamp, 18 bytes, char, null terminated + # format dd Mon yyyy hh:mm + if time_stamp is None: + time_stamp = datetime.now() + elif not isinstance(time_stamp, datetime): + raise ValueError("time_stamp should be datetime type") + # Avoid locale-specific month conversion + months = [ + "Jan", + "Feb", + "Mar", + "Apr", + "May", + "Jun", + "Jul", + "Aug", + "Sep", + "Oct", + "Nov", + "Dec", + ] + month_lookup = {i + 1: month for i, month in enumerate(months)} + ts = ( + time_stamp.strftime("%d ") + + month_lookup[time_stamp.month] + + time_stamp.strftime(" %Y %H:%M") + ) + # '\x11' added due to inspection of Stata file + stata_ts = b"\x11" + bytes(ts, "utf-8") + bio.write(self._tag(stata_ts, "timestamp")) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "header")) + + def _write_map(self) -> None: + """ + Called twice during file write. The first populates the values in + the map with 0s. The second call writes the final map locations when + all blocks have been written. + """ + if not self._map: + self._map = { + "stata_data": 0, + "map": self.handles.handle.tell(), + "variable_types": 0, + "varnames": 0, + "sortlist": 0, + "formats": 0, + "value_label_names": 0, + "variable_labels": 0, + "characteristics": 0, + "data": 0, + "strls": 0, + "value_labels": 0, + "stata_data_close": 0, + "end-of-file": 0, + } + # Move to start of map + self.handles.handle.seek(self._map["map"]) + bio = BytesIO() + for val in self._map.values(): + bio.write(struct.pack(self._byteorder + "Q", val)) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "map")) + + def _write_variable_types(self) -> None: + self._update_map("variable_types") + bio = BytesIO() + for typ in self.typlist: + bio.write(struct.pack(self._byteorder + "H", typ)) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "variable_types")) + + def _write_varnames(self) -> None: + self._update_map("varnames") + bio = BytesIO() + # 118 scales by 4 to accommodate utf-8 data worst case encoding + vn_len = 32 if self._dta_version == 117 else 128 + for name in self.varlist: + name = self._null_terminate_str(name) + name = _pad_bytes_new(name[:32].encode(self._encoding), vn_len + 1) + bio.write(name) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "varnames")) + + def _write_sortlist(self) -> None: + self._update_map("sortlist") + sort_size = 2 if self._dta_version < 119 else 4 + self._write_bytes(self._tag(b"\x00" * sort_size * (self.nvar + 1), "sortlist")) + + def _write_formats(self) -> None: + self._update_map("formats") + bio = BytesIO() + fmt_len = 49 if self._dta_version == 117 else 57 + for fmt in self.fmtlist: + bio.write(_pad_bytes_new(fmt.encode(self._encoding), fmt_len)) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "formats")) + + def _write_value_label_names(self) -> None: + self._update_map("value_label_names") + bio = BytesIO() + # 118 scales by 4 to accommodate utf-8 data worst case encoding + vl_len = 32 if self._dta_version == 117 else 128 + for i in range(self.nvar): + # Use variable name when categorical + name = "" # default name + if self._has_value_labels[i]: + name = self.varlist[i] + name = self._null_terminate_str(name) + encoded_name = _pad_bytes_new(name[:32].encode(self._encoding), vl_len + 1) + bio.write(encoded_name) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "value_label_names")) + + def _write_variable_labels(self) -> None: + # Missing labels are 80 blank characters plus null termination + self._update_map("variable_labels") + bio = BytesIO() + # 118 scales by 4 to accommodate utf-8 data worst case encoding + vl_len = 80 if self._dta_version == 117 else 320 + blank = _pad_bytes_new("", vl_len + 1) + + if self._variable_labels is None: + for _ in range(self.nvar): + bio.write(blank) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "variable_labels")) + return + + for col in self.data: + if col in self._variable_labels: + label = self._variable_labels[col] + if len(label) > 80: + raise ValueError("Variable labels must be 80 characters or fewer") + try: + encoded = label.encode(self._encoding) + except UnicodeEncodeError as err: + raise ValueError( + "Variable labels must contain only characters that " + f"can be encoded in {self._encoding}" + ) from err + + bio.write(_pad_bytes_new(encoded, vl_len + 1)) + else: + bio.write(blank) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "variable_labels")) + + def _write_characteristics(self) -> None: + self._update_map("characteristics") + self._write_bytes(self._tag(b"", "characteristics")) + + def _write_data(self, records) -> None: + self._update_map("data") + self._write_bytes(b"") + self._write_bytes(records.tobytes()) + self._write_bytes(b"") + + def _write_strls(self) -> None: + self._update_map("strls") + self._write_bytes(self._tag(self._strl_blob, "strls")) + + def _write_expansion_fields(self) -> None: + """No-op in dta 117+""" + + def _write_value_labels(self) -> None: + self._update_map("value_labels") + bio = BytesIO() + for vl in self._value_labels: + lab = vl.generate_value_label(self._byteorder) + lab = self._tag(lab, "lbl") + bio.write(lab) + self._write_bytes(self._tag(bio.getvalue(), "value_labels")) + + def _write_file_close_tag(self) -> None: + self._update_map("stata_data_close") + self._write_bytes(bytes("", "utf-8")) + self._update_map("end-of-file") + + def _update_strl_names(self) -> None: + """ + Update column names for conversion to strl if they might have been + changed to comply with Stata naming rules + """ + # Update convert_strl if names changed + for orig, new in self._converted_names.items(): + if orig in self._convert_strl: + idx = self._convert_strl.index(orig) + self._convert_strl[idx] = new + + def _convert_strls(self, data: DataFrame) -> DataFrame: + """ + Convert columns to StrLs if either very large or in the + convert_strl variable + """ + convert_cols = [ + col + for i, col in enumerate(data) + if self.typlist[i] == 32768 or col in self._convert_strl + ] + + if convert_cols: + ssw = StataStrLWriter(data, convert_cols, version=self._dta_version) + tab, new_data = ssw.generate_table() + data = new_data + self._strl_blob = ssw.generate_blob(tab) + return data + + def _set_formats_and_types(self, dtypes: Series) -> None: + self.typlist = [] + self.fmtlist = [] + for col, dtype in dtypes.items(): + force_strl = col in self._convert_strl + fmt = _dtype_to_default_stata_fmt( + dtype, + self.data[col], + dta_version=self._dta_version, + force_strl=force_strl, + ) + self.fmtlist.append(fmt) + self.typlist.append( + _dtype_to_stata_type_117(dtype, self.data[col], force_strl) + ) + + +class StataWriterUTF8(StataWriter117): + """ + Stata binary dta file writing in Stata 15 (118) and 16 (119) formats + + DTA 118 and 119 format files support unicode string data (both fixed + and strL) format. Unicode is also supported in value labels, variable + labels and the dataset label. Format 119 is automatically used if the + file contains more than 32,767 variables. + + Parameters + ---------- + fname : path (string), buffer or path object + string, path object (pathlib.Path or py._path.local.LocalPath) or + object implementing a binary write() functions. If using a buffer + then the buffer will not be automatically closed after the file + is written. + data : DataFrame + Input to save + convert_dates : dict, default None + Dictionary mapping columns containing datetime types to stata internal + format to use when writing the dates. Options are 'tc', 'td', 'tm', + 'tw', 'th', 'tq', 'ty'. Column can be either an integer or a name. + Datetime columns that do not have a conversion type specified will be + converted to 'tc'. Raises NotImplementedError if a datetime column has + timezone information + write_index : bool, default True + Write the index to Stata dataset. + byteorder : str, default None + Can be ">", "<", "little", or "big". default is `sys.byteorder` + time_stamp : datetime, default None + A datetime to use as file creation date. Default is the current time + data_label : str, default None + A label for the data set. Must be 80 characters or smaller. + variable_labels : dict, default None + Dictionary containing columns as keys and variable labels as values. + Each label must be 80 characters or smaller. + convert_strl : list, default None + List of columns names to convert to Stata StrL format. Columns with + more than 2045 characters are automatically written as StrL. + Smaller columns can be converted by including the column name. Using + StrLs can reduce output file size when strings are longer than 8 + characters, and either frequently repeated or sparse. + version : int, default None + The dta version to use. By default, uses the size of data to determine + the version. 118 is used if data.shape[1] <= 32767, and 119 is used + for storing larger DataFrames. + {compression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + value_labels : dict of dicts + Dictionary containing columns as keys and dictionaries of column value + to labels as values. The combined length of all labels for a single + variable must be 32,000 characters or smaller. + + .. versionadded:: 1.4.0 + + Returns + ------- + StataWriterUTF8 + The instance has a write_file method, which will write the file to the + given `fname`. + + Raises + ------ + NotImplementedError + * If datetimes contain timezone information + ValueError + * Columns listed in convert_dates are neither datetime64[ns] + or datetime + * Column dtype is not representable in Stata + * Column listed in convert_dates is not in DataFrame + * Categorical label contains more than 32,000 characters + + Examples + -------- + Using Unicode data and column names + + >>> from pandas.io.stata import StataWriterUTF8 + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([[1.0, 1, 'ᴬ']], columns=['a', 'β', 'ĉ']) + >>> writer = StataWriterUTF8('./data_file.dta', data) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Directly write a zip file + >>> compression = {"method": "zip", "archive_name": "data_file.dta"} + >>> writer = StataWriterUTF8('./data_file.zip', data, compression=compression) + >>> writer.write_file() + + Or with long strings stored in strl format + + >>> data = pd.DataFrame([['ᴀ relatively long ŝtring'], [''], ['']], + ... columns=['strls']) + >>> writer = StataWriterUTF8('./data_file_with_long_strings.dta', data, + ... convert_strl=['strls']) + >>> writer.write_file() + """ + + _encoding: Literal["utf-8"] = "utf-8" + + def __init__( + self, + fname: FilePath | WriteBuffer[bytes], + data: DataFrame, + convert_dates: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + write_index: bool = True, + byteorder: str | None = None, + time_stamp: datetime | None = None, + data_label: str | None = None, + variable_labels: dict[Hashable, str] | None = None, + convert_strl: Sequence[Hashable] | None = None, + version: int | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + *, + value_labels: dict[Hashable, dict[float, str]] | None = None, + ) -> None: + if version is None: + version = 118 if data.shape[1] <= 32767 else 119 + elif version not in (118, 119): + raise ValueError("version must be either 118 or 119.") + elif version == 118 and data.shape[1] > 32767: + raise ValueError( + "You must use version 119 for data sets containing more than" + "32,767 variables" + ) + + super().__init__( + fname, + data, + convert_dates=convert_dates, + write_index=write_index, + byteorder=byteorder, + time_stamp=time_stamp, + data_label=data_label, + variable_labels=variable_labels, + value_labels=value_labels, + convert_strl=convert_strl, + compression=compression, + storage_options=storage_options, + ) + # Override version set in StataWriter117 init + self._dta_version = version + + def _validate_variable_name(self, name: str) -> str: + """ + Validate variable names for Stata export. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Variable name + + Returns + ------- + str + The validated name with invalid characters replaced with + underscores. + + Notes + ----- + Stata 118+ support most unicode characters. The only limitation is in + the ascii range where the characters supported are a-z, A-Z, 0-9 and _. + """ + # High code points appear to be acceptable + for c in name: + if ( + ( + ord(c) < 128 + and (c < "A" or c > "Z") + and (c < "a" or c > "z") + and (c < "0" or c > "9") + and c != "_" + ) + or 128 <= ord(c) < 192 + or c in {"×", "÷"} # noqa: RUF001 + ): + name = name.replace(c, "_") + + return name diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/xml.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/xml.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..ac497cd266027f7af71884996182e1725baba361 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/io/xml.py @@ -0,0 +1,1177 @@ +""" +:mod:``pandas.io.xml`` is a module for reading XML. +""" + +from __future__ import annotations + +import io +from os import PathLike +from typing import ( + TYPE_CHECKING, + Any, + Callable, +) +import warnings + +from pandas._libs import lib +from pandas.compat._optional import import_optional_dependency +from pandas.errors import ( + AbstractMethodError, + ParserError, +) +from pandas.util._decorators import doc +from pandas.util._exceptions import find_stack_level +from pandas.util._validators import check_dtype_backend + +from pandas.core.dtypes.common import is_list_like + +from pandas.core.shared_docs import _shared_docs + +from pandas.io.common import ( + file_exists, + get_handle, + infer_compression, + is_file_like, + is_fsspec_url, + is_url, + stringify_path, +) +from pandas.io.parsers import TextParser + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + from collections.abc import Sequence + from xml.etree.ElementTree import Element + + from lxml import etree + + from pandas._typing import ( + CompressionOptions, + ConvertersArg, + DtypeArg, + DtypeBackend, + FilePath, + ParseDatesArg, + ReadBuffer, + StorageOptions, + XMLParsers, + ) + + from pandas import DataFrame + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + decompression_options=_shared_docs["decompression_options"] % "path_or_buffer", +) +class _XMLFrameParser: + """ + Internal subclass to parse XML into DataFrames. + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_buffer : a valid JSON ``str``, path object or file-like object + Any valid string path is acceptable. The string could be a URL. Valid + URL schemes include http, ftp, s3, and file. + + xpath : str or regex + The ``XPath`` expression to parse required set of nodes for + migration to :class:`~pandas.DataFrame`. ``etree`` supports limited ``XPath``. + + namespaces : dict + The namespaces defined in XML document (``xmlns:namespace='URI'``) + as dicts with key being namespace and value the URI. + + elems_only : bool + Parse only the child elements at the specified ``xpath``. + + attrs_only : bool + Parse only the attributes at the specified ``xpath``. + + names : list + Column names for :class:`~pandas.DataFrame` of parsed XML data. + + dtype : dict + Data type for data or columns. E.g. {{'a': np.float64, + 'b': np.int32, 'c': 'Int64'}} + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + converters : dict, optional + Dict of functions for converting values in certain columns. Keys can + either be integers or column labels. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + parse_dates : bool or list of int or names or list of lists or dict + Converts either index or select columns to datetimes + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + encoding : str + Encoding of xml object or document. + + stylesheet : str or file-like + URL, file, file-like object, or a raw string containing XSLT, + ``etree`` does not support XSLT but retained for consistency. + + iterparse : dict, optional + Dict with row element as key and list of descendant elements + and/or attributes as value to be retrieved in iterparsing of + XML document. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + {decompression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + {storage_options} + + See also + -------- + pandas.io.xml._EtreeFrameParser + pandas.io.xml._LxmlFrameParser + + Notes + ----- + To subclass this class effectively you must override the following methods:` + * :func:`parse_data` + * :func:`_parse_nodes` + * :func:`_iterparse_nodes` + * :func:`_parse_doc` + * :func:`_validate_names` + * :func:`_validate_path` + + + See each method's respective documentation for details on their + functionality. + """ + + def __init__( + self, + path_or_buffer: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str], + xpath: str, + namespaces: dict[str, str] | None, + elems_only: bool, + attrs_only: bool, + names: Sequence[str] | None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None, + converters: ConvertersArg | None, + parse_dates: ParseDatesArg | None, + encoding: str | None, + stylesheet: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] | None, + iterparse: dict[str, list[str]] | None, + compression: CompressionOptions, + storage_options: StorageOptions, + ) -> None: + self.path_or_buffer = path_or_buffer + self.xpath = xpath + self.namespaces = namespaces + self.elems_only = elems_only + self.attrs_only = attrs_only + self.names = names + self.dtype = dtype + self.converters = converters + self.parse_dates = parse_dates + self.encoding = encoding + self.stylesheet = stylesheet + self.iterparse = iterparse + self.is_style = None + self.compression: CompressionOptions = compression + self.storage_options = storage_options + + def parse_data(self) -> list[dict[str, str | None]]: + """ + Parse xml data. + + This method will call the other internal methods to + validate ``xpath``, names, parse and return specific nodes. + """ + + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_nodes(self, elems: list[Any]) -> list[dict[str, str | None]]: + """ + Parse xml nodes. + + This method will parse the children and attributes of elements + in ``xpath``, conditionally for only elements, only attributes + or both while optionally renaming node names. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + * If only elements and only attributes are specified. + + Notes + ----- + Namespace URIs will be removed from return node values. Also, + elements with missing children or attributes compared to siblings + will have optional keys filled with None values. + """ + + dicts: list[dict[str, str | None]] + + if self.elems_only and self.attrs_only: + raise ValueError("Either element or attributes can be parsed not both.") + if self.elems_only: + if self.names: + dicts = [ + { + **( + {el.tag: el.text} + if el.text and not el.text.isspace() + else {} + ), + **{ + nm: ch.text if ch.text else None + for nm, ch in zip(self.names, el.findall("*")) + }, + } + for el in elems + ] + else: + dicts = [ + {ch.tag: ch.text if ch.text else None for ch in el.findall("*")} + for el in elems + ] + + elif self.attrs_only: + dicts = [ + {k: v if v else None for k, v in el.attrib.items()} for el in elems + ] + + elif self.names: + dicts = [ + { + **el.attrib, + **({el.tag: el.text} if el.text and not el.text.isspace() else {}), + **{ + nm: ch.text if ch.text else None + for nm, ch in zip(self.names, el.findall("*")) + }, + } + for el in elems + ] + + else: + dicts = [ + { + **el.attrib, + **({el.tag: el.text} if el.text and not el.text.isspace() else {}), + **{ch.tag: ch.text if ch.text else None for ch in el.findall("*")}, + } + for el in elems + ] + + dicts = [ + {k.split("}")[1] if "}" in k else k: v for k, v in d.items()} for d in dicts + ] + + keys = list(dict.fromkeys([k for d in dicts for k in d.keys()])) + dicts = [{k: d[k] if k in d.keys() else None for k in keys} for d in dicts] + + if self.names: + dicts = [dict(zip(self.names, d.values())) for d in dicts] + + return dicts + + def _iterparse_nodes(self, iterparse: Callable) -> list[dict[str, str | None]]: + """ + Iterparse xml nodes. + + This method will read in local disk, decompressed XML files for elements + and underlying descendants using iterparse, a method to iterate through + an XML tree without holding entire XML tree in memory. + + Raises + ------ + TypeError + * If ``iterparse`` is not a dict or its dict value is not list-like. + ParserError + * If ``path_or_buffer`` is not a physical file on disk or file-like object. + * If no data is returned from selected items in ``iterparse``. + + Notes + ----- + Namespace URIs will be removed from return node values. Also, + elements with missing children or attributes in submitted list + will have optional keys filled with None values. + """ + + dicts: list[dict[str, str | None]] = [] + row: dict[str, str | None] | None = None + + if not isinstance(self.iterparse, dict): + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.iterparse).__name__} is not a valid type for iterparse" + ) + + row_node = next(iter(self.iterparse.keys())) if self.iterparse else "" + if not is_list_like(self.iterparse[row_node]): + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.iterparse[row_node])} is not a valid type " + "for value in iterparse" + ) + + if (not hasattr(self.path_or_buffer, "read")) and ( + not isinstance(self.path_or_buffer, (str, PathLike)) + or is_url(self.path_or_buffer) + or is_fsspec_url(self.path_or_buffer) + or ( + isinstance(self.path_or_buffer, str) + and self.path_or_buffer.startswith((" list[Any]: + """ + Validate ``xpath``. + + This method checks for syntax, evaluation, or empty nodes return. + + Raises + ------ + SyntaxError + * If xpah is not supported or issues with namespaces. + + ValueError + * If xpah does not return any nodes. + """ + + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _validate_names(self) -> None: + """ + Validate names. + + This method will check if names is a list-like and aligns + with length of parse nodes. + + Raises + ------ + ValueError + * If value is not a list and less then length of nodes. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + def _parse_doc( + self, raw_doc: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] + ) -> Element | etree._Element: + """ + Build tree from path_or_buffer. + + This method will parse XML object into tree + either from string/bytes or file location. + """ + raise AbstractMethodError(self) + + +class _EtreeFrameParser(_XMLFrameParser): + """ + Internal class to parse XML into DataFrames with the Python + standard library XML module: `xml.etree.ElementTree`. + """ + + def parse_data(self) -> list[dict[str, str | None]]: + from xml.etree.ElementTree import iterparse + + if self.stylesheet is not None: + raise ValueError( + "To use stylesheet, you need lxml installed and selected as parser." + ) + + if self.iterparse is None: + self.xml_doc = self._parse_doc(self.path_or_buffer) + elems = self._validate_path() + + self._validate_names() + + xml_dicts: list[dict[str, str | None]] = ( + self._parse_nodes(elems) + if self.iterparse is None + else self._iterparse_nodes(iterparse) + ) + + return xml_dicts + + def _validate_path(self) -> list[Any]: + """ + Notes + ----- + ``etree`` supports limited ``XPath``. If user attempts a more complex + expression syntax error will raise. + """ + + msg = ( + "xpath does not return any nodes or attributes. " + "Be sure to specify in `xpath` the parent nodes of " + "children and attributes to parse. " + "If document uses namespaces denoted with " + "xmlns, be sure to define namespaces and " + "use them in xpath." + ) + try: + elems = self.xml_doc.findall(self.xpath, namespaces=self.namespaces) + children = [ch for el in elems for ch in el.findall("*")] + attrs = {k: v for el in elems for k, v in el.attrib.items()} + + if elems is None: + raise ValueError(msg) + + if elems is not None: + if self.elems_only and children == []: + raise ValueError(msg) + if self.attrs_only and attrs == {}: + raise ValueError(msg) + if children == [] and attrs == {}: + raise ValueError(msg) + + except (KeyError, SyntaxError): + raise SyntaxError( + "You have used an incorrect or unsupported XPath " + "expression for etree library or you used an " + "undeclared namespace prefix." + ) + + return elems + + def _validate_names(self) -> None: + children: list[Any] + + if self.names: + if self.iterparse: + children = self.iterparse[next(iter(self.iterparse))] + else: + parent = self.xml_doc.find(self.xpath, namespaces=self.namespaces) + children = parent.findall("*") if parent is not None else [] + + if is_list_like(self.names): + if len(self.names) < len(children): + raise ValueError( + "names does not match length of child elements in xpath." + ) + else: + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.names).__name__} is not a valid type for names" + ) + + def _parse_doc( + self, raw_doc: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] + ) -> Element: + from xml.etree.ElementTree import ( + XMLParser, + parse, + ) + + handle_data = get_data_from_filepath( + filepath_or_buffer=raw_doc, + encoding=self.encoding, + compression=self.compression, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + ) + + with preprocess_data(handle_data) as xml_data: + curr_parser = XMLParser(encoding=self.encoding) + document = parse(xml_data, parser=curr_parser) + + return document.getroot() + + +class _LxmlFrameParser(_XMLFrameParser): + """ + Internal class to parse XML into :class:`~pandas.DataFrame` with third-party + full-featured XML library, ``lxml``, that supports + ``XPath`` 1.0 and XSLT 1.0. + """ + + def parse_data(self) -> list[dict[str, str | None]]: + """ + Parse xml data. + + This method will call the other internal methods to + validate ``xpath``, names, optionally parse and run XSLT, + and parse original or transformed XML and return specific nodes. + """ + from lxml.etree import iterparse + + if self.iterparse is None: + self.xml_doc = self._parse_doc(self.path_or_buffer) + + if self.stylesheet: + self.xsl_doc = self._parse_doc(self.stylesheet) + self.xml_doc = self._transform_doc() + + elems = self._validate_path() + + self._validate_names() + + xml_dicts: list[dict[str, str | None]] = ( + self._parse_nodes(elems) + if self.iterparse is None + else self._iterparse_nodes(iterparse) + ) + + return xml_dicts + + def _validate_path(self) -> list[Any]: + msg = ( + "xpath does not return any nodes or attributes. " + "Be sure to specify in `xpath` the parent nodes of " + "children and attributes to parse. " + "If document uses namespaces denoted with " + "xmlns, be sure to define namespaces and " + "use them in xpath." + ) + + elems = self.xml_doc.xpath(self.xpath, namespaces=self.namespaces) + children = [ch for el in elems for ch in el.xpath("*")] + attrs = {k: v for el in elems for k, v in el.attrib.items()} + + if elems == []: + raise ValueError(msg) + + if elems != []: + if self.elems_only and children == []: + raise ValueError(msg) + if self.attrs_only and attrs == {}: + raise ValueError(msg) + if children == [] and attrs == {}: + raise ValueError(msg) + + return elems + + def _validate_names(self) -> None: + children: list[Any] + + if self.names: + if self.iterparse: + children = self.iterparse[next(iter(self.iterparse))] + else: + children = self.xml_doc.xpath( + self.xpath + "[1]/*", namespaces=self.namespaces + ) + + if is_list_like(self.names): + if len(self.names) < len(children): + raise ValueError( + "names does not match length of child elements in xpath." + ) + else: + raise TypeError( + f"{type(self.names).__name__} is not a valid type for names" + ) + + def _parse_doc( + self, raw_doc: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] + ) -> etree._Element: + from lxml.etree import ( + XMLParser, + fromstring, + parse, + ) + + handle_data = get_data_from_filepath( + filepath_or_buffer=raw_doc, + encoding=self.encoding, + compression=self.compression, + storage_options=self.storage_options, + ) + + with preprocess_data(handle_data) as xml_data: + curr_parser = XMLParser(encoding=self.encoding) + + if isinstance(xml_data, io.StringIO): + if self.encoding is None: + raise TypeError( + "Can not pass encoding None when input is StringIO." + ) + + document = fromstring( + xml_data.getvalue().encode(self.encoding), parser=curr_parser + ) + else: + document = parse(xml_data, parser=curr_parser) + + return document + + def _transform_doc(self) -> etree._XSLTResultTree: + """ + Transform original tree using stylesheet. + + This method will transform original xml using XSLT script into + am ideally flatter xml document for easier parsing and migration + to Data Frame. + """ + from lxml.etree import XSLT + + transformer = XSLT(self.xsl_doc) + new_doc = transformer(self.xml_doc) + + return new_doc + + +def get_data_from_filepath( + filepath_or_buffer: FilePath | bytes | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str], + encoding: str | None, + compression: CompressionOptions, + storage_options: StorageOptions, +) -> str | bytes | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str]: + """ + Extract raw XML data. + + The method accepts three input types: + 1. filepath (string-like) + 2. file-like object (e.g. open file object, StringIO) + 3. XML string or bytes + + This method turns (1) into (2) to simplify the rest of the processing. + It returns input types (2) and (3) unchanged. + """ + if not isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, bytes): + filepath_or_buffer = stringify_path(filepath_or_buffer) + + if ( + isinstance(filepath_or_buffer, str) + and not filepath_or_buffer.startswith((" io.StringIO | io.BytesIO: + """ + Convert extracted raw data. + + This method will return underlying data of extracted XML content. + The data either has a `read` attribute (e.g. a file object or a + StringIO/BytesIO) or is a string or bytes that is an XML document. + """ + + if isinstance(data, str): + data = io.StringIO(data) + + elif isinstance(data, bytes): + data = io.BytesIO(data) + + return data + + +def _data_to_frame(data, **kwargs) -> DataFrame: + """ + Convert parsed data to Data Frame. + + This method will bind xml dictionary data of keys and values + into named columns of Data Frame using the built-in TextParser + class that build Data Frame and infers specific dtypes. + """ + + tags = next(iter(data)) + nodes = [list(d.values()) for d in data] + + try: + with TextParser(nodes, names=tags, **kwargs) as tp: + return tp.read() + except ParserError: + raise ParserError( + "XML document may be too complex for import. " + "Try to flatten document and use distinct " + "element and attribute names." + ) + + +def _parse( + path_or_buffer: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str], + xpath: str, + namespaces: dict[str, str] | None, + elems_only: bool, + attrs_only: bool, + names: Sequence[str] | None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None, + converters: ConvertersArg | None, + parse_dates: ParseDatesArg | None, + encoding: str | None, + parser: XMLParsers, + stylesheet: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] | None, + iterparse: dict[str, list[str]] | None, + compression: CompressionOptions, + storage_options: StorageOptions, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, + **kwargs, +) -> DataFrame: + """ + Call internal parsers. + + This method will conditionally call internal parsers: + LxmlFrameParser and/or EtreeParser. + + Raises + ------ + ImportError + * If lxml is not installed if selected as parser. + + ValueError + * If parser is not lxml or etree. + """ + + p: _EtreeFrameParser | _LxmlFrameParser + + if isinstance(path_or_buffer, str) and not any( + [ + is_file_like(path_or_buffer), + file_exists(path_or_buffer), + is_url(path_or_buffer), + is_fsspec_url(path_or_buffer), + ] + ): + warnings.warn( + "Passing literal xml to 'read_xml' is deprecated and " + "will be removed in a future version. To read from a " + "literal string, wrap it in a 'StringIO' object.", + FutureWarning, + stacklevel=find_stack_level(), + ) + + if parser == "lxml": + lxml = import_optional_dependency("lxml.etree", errors="ignore") + + if lxml is not None: + p = _LxmlFrameParser( + path_or_buffer, + xpath, + namespaces, + elems_only, + attrs_only, + names, + dtype, + converters, + parse_dates, + encoding, + stylesheet, + iterparse, + compression, + storage_options, + ) + else: + raise ImportError("lxml not found, please install or use the etree parser.") + + elif parser == "etree": + p = _EtreeFrameParser( + path_or_buffer, + xpath, + namespaces, + elems_only, + attrs_only, + names, + dtype, + converters, + parse_dates, + encoding, + stylesheet, + iterparse, + compression, + storage_options, + ) + else: + raise ValueError("Values for parser can only be lxml or etree.") + + data_dicts = p.parse_data() + + return _data_to_frame( + data=data_dicts, + dtype=dtype, + converters=converters, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + **kwargs, + ) + + +@doc( + storage_options=_shared_docs["storage_options"], + decompression_options=_shared_docs["decompression_options"] % "path_or_buffer", +) +def read_xml( + path_or_buffer: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str], + *, + xpath: str = "./*", + namespaces: dict[str, str] | None = None, + elems_only: bool = False, + attrs_only: bool = False, + names: Sequence[str] | None = None, + dtype: DtypeArg | None = None, + converters: ConvertersArg | None = None, + parse_dates: ParseDatesArg | None = None, + # encoding can not be None for lxml and StringIO input + encoding: str | None = "utf-8", + parser: XMLParsers = "lxml", + stylesheet: FilePath | ReadBuffer[bytes] | ReadBuffer[str] | None = None, + iterparse: dict[str, list[str]] | None = None, + compression: CompressionOptions = "infer", + storage_options: StorageOptions | None = None, + dtype_backend: DtypeBackend | lib.NoDefault = lib.no_default, +) -> DataFrame: + r""" + Read XML document into a :class:`~pandas.DataFrame` object. + + .. versionadded:: 1.3.0 + + Parameters + ---------- + path_or_buffer : str, path object, or file-like object + String, path object (implementing ``os.PathLike[str]``), or file-like + object implementing a ``read()`` function. The string can be any valid XML + string or a path. The string can further be a URL. Valid URL schemes + include http, ftp, s3, and file. + + .. deprecated:: 2.1.0 + Passing xml literal strings is deprecated. + Wrap literal xml input in ``io.StringIO`` or ``io.BytesIO`` instead. + + xpath : str, optional, default './\*' + The ``XPath`` to parse required set of nodes for migration to + :class:`~pandas.DataFrame`.``XPath`` should return a collection of elements + and not a single element. Note: The ``etree`` parser supports limited ``XPath`` + expressions. For more complex ``XPath``, use ``lxml`` which requires + installation. + + namespaces : dict, optional + The namespaces defined in XML document as dicts with key being + namespace prefix and value the URI. There is no need to include all + namespaces in XML, only the ones used in ``xpath`` expression. + Note: if XML document uses default namespace denoted as + `xmlns=''` without a prefix, you must assign any temporary + namespace prefix such as 'doc' to the URI in order to parse + underlying nodes and/or attributes. For example, :: + + namespaces = {{"doc": "https://example.com"}} + + elems_only : bool, optional, default False + Parse only the child elements at the specified ``xpath``. By default, + all child elements and non-empty text nodes are returned. + + attrs_only : bool, optional, default False + Parse only the attributes at the specified ``xpath``. + By default, all attributes are returned. + + names : list-like, optional + Column names for DataFrame of parsed XML data. Use this parameter to + rename original element names and distinguish same named elements and + attributes. + + dtype : Type name or dict of column -> type, optional + Data type for data or columns. E.g. {{'a': np.float64, 'b': np.int32, + 'c': 'Int64'}} + Use `str` or `object` together with suitable `na_values` settings + to preserve and not interpret dtype. + If converters are specified, they will be applied INSTEAD + of dtype conversion. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + converters : dict, optional + Dict of functions for converting values in certain columns. Keys can either + be integers or column labels. + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + parse_dates : bool or list of int or names or list of lists or dict, default False + Identifiers to parse index or columns to datetime. The behavior is as follows: + + * boolean. If True -> try parsing the index. + * list of int or names. e.g. If [1, 2, 3] -> try parsing columns 1, 2, 3 + each as a separate date column. + * list of lists. e.g. If [[1, 3]] -> combine columns 1 and 3 and parse as + a single date column. + * dict, e.g. {{'foo' : [1, 3]}} -> parse columns 1, 3 as date and call + result 'foo' + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + encoding : str, optional, default 'utf-8' + Encoding of XML document. + + parser : {{'lxml','etree'}}, default 'lxml' + Parser module to use for retrieval of data. Only 'lxml' and + 'etree' are supported. With 'lxml' more complex ``XPath`` searches + and ability to use XSLT stylesheet are supported. + + stylesheet : str, path object or file-like object + A URL, file-like object, or a raw string containing an XSLT script. + This stylesheet should flatten complex, deeply nested XML documents + for easier parsing. To use this feature you must have ``lxml`` module + installed and specify 'lxml' as ``parser``. The ``xpath`` must + reference nodes of transformed XML document generated after XSLT + transformation and not the original XML document. Only XSLT 1.0 + scripts and not later versions is currently supported. + + iterparse : dict, optional + The nodes or attributes to retrieve in iterparsing of XML document + as a dict with key being the name of repeating element and value being + list of elements or attribute names that are descendants of the repeated + element. Note: If this option is used, it will replace ``xpath`` parsing + and unlike ``xpath``, descendants do not need to relate to each other but can + exist any where in document under the repeating element. This memory- + efficient method should be used for very large XML files (500MB, 1GB, or 5GB+). + For example, :: + + iterparse = {{"row_element": ["child_elem", "attr", "grandchild_elem"]}} + + .. versionadded:: 1.5.0 + + {decompression_options} + + .. versionchanged:: 1.4.0 Zstandard support. + + {storage_options} + + dtype_backend : {{'numpy_nullable', 'pyarrow'}}, default 'numpy_nullable' + Back-end data type applied to the resultant :class:`DataFrame` + (still experimental). Behaviour is as follows: + + * ``"numpy_nullable"``: returns nullable-dtype-backed :class:`DataFrame` + (default). + * ``"pyarrow"``: returns pyarrow-backed nullable :class:`ArrowDtype` + DataFrame. + + .. versionadded:: 2.0 + + Returns + ------- + df + A DataFrame. + + See Also + -------- + read_json : Convert a JSON string to pandas object. + read_html : Read HTML tables into a list of DataFrame objects. + + Notes + ----- + This method is best designed to import shallow XML documents in + following format which is the ideal fit for the two-dimensions of a + ``DataFrame`` (row by column). :: + + + + data + data + data + ... + + + ... + + ... + + + As a file format, XML documents can be designed any way including + layout of elements and attributes as long as it conforms to W3C + specifications. Therefore, this method is a convenience handler for + a specific flatter design and not all possible XML structures. + + However, for more complex XML documents, ``stylesheet`` allows you to + temporarily redesign original document with XSLT (a special purpose + language) for a flatter version for migration to a DataFrame. + + This function will *always* return a single :class:`DataFrame` or raise + exceptions due to issues with XML document, ``xpath``, or other + parameters. + + See the :ref:`read_xml documentation in the IO section of the docs + ` for more information in using this method to parse XML + files to DataFrames. + + Examples + -------- + >>> from io import StringIO + >>> xml = ''' + ... + ... + ... square + ... 360 + ... 4.0 + ... + ... + ... circle + ... 360 + ... + ... + ... + ... triangle + ... 180 + ... 3.0 + ... + ... ''' + + >>> df = pd.read_xml(StringIO(xml)) + >>> df + shape degrees sides + 0 square 360 4.0 + 1 circle 360 NaN + 2 triangle 180 3.0 + + >>> xml = ''' + ... + ... + ... + ... + ... ''' + + >>> df = pd.read_xml(StringIO(xml), xpath=".//row") + >>> df + shape degrees sides + 0 square 360 4.0 + 1 circle 360 NaN + 2 triangle 180 3.0 + + >>> xml = ''' + ... + ... + ... square + ... 360 + ... 4.0 + ... + ... + ... circle + ... 360 + ... + ... + ... + ... triangle + ... 180 + ... 3.0 + ... + ... ''' + + >>> df = pd.read_xml(StringIO(xml), + ... xpath="//doc:row", + ... namespaces={{"doc": "https://example.com"}}) + >>> df + shape degrees sides + 0 square 360 4.0 + 1 circle 360 NaN + 2 triangle 180 3.0 + + >>> xml_data = ''' + ... + ... + ... 0 + ... 1 + ... 2.5 + ... True + ... a + ... 2019-12-31 00:00:00 + ... + ... + ... 1 + ... 4.5 + ... False + ... b + ... 2019-12-31 00:00:00 + ... + ... + ... ''' + + >>> df = pd.read_xml(StringIO(xml_data), + ... dtype_backend="numpy_nullable", + ... parse_dates=["e"]) + >>> df + index a b c d e + 0 0 1 2.5 True a 2019-12-31 + 1 1 4.5 False b 2019-12-31 + """ + check_dtype_backend(dtype_backend) + + return _parse( + path_or_buffer=path_or_buffer, + xpath=xpath, + namespaces=namespaces, + elems_only=elems_only, + attrs_only=attrs_only, + names=names, + dtype=dtype, + converters=converters, + parse_dates=parse_dates, + encoding=encoding, + parser=parser, + stylesheet=stylesheet, + iterparse=iterparse, + compression=compression, + storage_options=storage_options, + dtype_backend=dtype_backend, + ) diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__init__.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__init__.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..e361726dc6f80d41cb4975641b44624427b489d6 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__init__.py @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +# ruff: noqa: TCH004 +from typing import TYPE_CHECKING + +if TYPE_CHECKING: + # import modules that have public classes/functions: + from pandas.tseries import ( + frequencies, + offsets, + ) + + # and mark only those modules as public + __all__ = ["frequencies", "offsets"] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..9e1da8750ac9da4a263e63741626fa9c87c1f214 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/api.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/api.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..651cabe9d5aa388a0f347ab4984f4514d89d67da Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/api.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/frequencies.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/frequencies.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b1278f5ac9c91e486b45ee01cb1c58bdff6d35ad Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/frequencies.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/holiday.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/holiday.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3f60c3ce2f2688c9e982796bd9b0fbeb57c7076e Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/holiday.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/offsets.cpython-310.pyc b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/offsets.cpython-310.pyc new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..6d73f2fe74e1c9f268f560b49dfc2b1951aa3b20 Binary files /dev/null and b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/__pycache__/offsets.cpython-310.pyc differ diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/holiday.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/holiday.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..3c429a960b45181c831055cb3e877dbc4cad3b30 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/holiday.py @@ -0,0 +1,634 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +from datetime import ( + datetime, + timedelta, +) +import warnings + +from dateutil.relativedelta import ( + FR, + MO, + SA, + SU, + TH, + TU, + WE, +) +import numpy as np + +from pandas.errors import PerformanceWarning + +from pandas import ( + DateOffset, + DatetimeIndex, + Series, + Timestamp, + concat, + date_range, +) + +from pandas.tseries.offsets import ( + Day, + Easter, +) + + +def next_monday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + If holiday falls on Saturday, use following Monday instead; + if holiday falls on Sunday, use Monday instead + """ + if dt.weekday() == 5: + return dt + timedelta(2) + elif dt.weekday() == 6: + return dt + timedelta(1) + return dt + + +def next_monday_or_tuesday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + For second holiday of two adjacent ones! + If holiday falls on Saturday, use following Monday instead; + if holiday falls on Sunday or Monday, use following Tuesday instead + (because Monday is already taken by adjacent holiday on the day before) + """ + dow = dt.weekday() + if dow in (5, 6): + return dt + timedelta(2) + if dow == 0: + return dt + timedelta(1) + return dt + + +def previous_friday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + If holiday falls on Saturday or Sunday, use previous Friday instead. + """ + if dt.weekday() == 5: + return dt - timedelta(1) + elif dt.weekday() == 6: + return dt - timedelta(2) + return dt + + +def sunday_to_monday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + If holiday falls on Sunday, use day thereafter (Monday) instead. + """ + if dt.weekday() == 6: + return dt + timedelta(1) + return dt + + +def weekend_to_monday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + If holiday falls on Sunday or Saturday, + use day thereafter (Monday) instead. + Needed for holidays such as Christmas observation in Europe + """ + if dt.weekday() == 6: + return dt + timedelta(1) + elif dt.weekday() == 5: + return dt + timedelta(2) + return dt + + +def nearest_workday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + If holiday falls on Saturday, use day before (Friday) instead; + if holiday falls on Sunday, use day thereafter (Monday) instead. + """ + if dt.weekday() == 5: + return dt - timedelta(1) + elif dt.weekday() == 6: + return dt + timedelta(1) + return dt + + +def next_workday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + returns next weekday used for observances + """ + dt += timedelta(days=1) + while dt.weekday() > 4: + # Mon-Fri are 0-4 + dt += timedelta(days=1) + return dt + + +def previous_workday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + returns previous weekday used for observances + """ + dt -= timedelta(days=1) + while dt.weekday() > 4: + # Mon-Fri are 0-4 + dt -= timedelta(days=1) + return dt + + +def before_nearest_workday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + returns previous workday after nearest workday + """ + return previous_workday(nearest_workday(dt)) + + +def after_nearest_workday(dt: datetime) -> datetime: + """ + returns next workday after nearest workday + needed for Boxing day or multiple holidays in a series + """ + return next_workday(nearest_workday(dt)) + + +class Holiday: + """ + Class that defines a holiday with start/end dates and rules + for observance. + """ + + start_date: Timestamp | None + end_date: Timestamp | None + days_of_week: tuple[int, ...] | None + + def __init__( + self, + name: str, + year=None, + month=None, + day=None, + offset=None, + observance=None, + start_date=None, + end_date=None, + days_of_week=None, + ) -> None: + """ + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the holiday , defaults to class name + offset : array of pandas.tseries.offsets or + class from pandas.tseries.offsets + computes offset from date + observance: function + computes when holiday is given a pandas Timestamp + days_of_week: + provide a tuple of days e.g (0,1,2,3,) for Monday Through Thursday + Monday=0,..,Sunday=6 + + Examples + -------- + >>> from dateutil.relativedelta import MO + + >>> USMemorialDay = pd.tseries.holiday.Holiday( + ... "Memorial Day", month=5, day=31, offset=pd.DateOffset(weekday=MO(-1)) + ... ) + >>> USMemorialDay + Holiday: Memorial Day (month=5, day=31, offset=) + + >>> USLaborDay = pd.tseries.holiday.Holiday( + ... "Labor Day", month=9, day=1, offset=pd.DateOffset(weekday=MO(1)) + ... ) + >>> USLaborDay + Holiday: Labor Day (month=9, day=1, offset=) + + >>> July3rd = pd.tseries.holiday.Holiday("July 3rd", month=7, day=3) + >>> July3rd + Holiday: July 3rd (month=7, day=3, ) + + >>> NewYears = pd.tseries.holiday.Holiday( + ... "New Years Day", month=1, day=1, + ... observance=pd.tseries.holiday.nearest_workday + ... ) + >>> NewYears # doctest: +SKIP + Holiday: New Years Day ( + month=1, day=1, observance= + ) + + >>> July3rd = pd.tseries.holiday.Holiday( + ... "July 3rd", month=7, day=3, + ... days_of_week=(0, 1, 2, 3) + ... ) + >>> July3rd + Holiday: July 3rd (month=7, day=3, ) + """ + if offset is not None and observance is not None: + raise NotImplementedError("Cannot use both offset and observance.") + + self.name = name + self.year = year + self.month = month + self.day = day + self.offset = offset + self.start_date = ( + Timestamp(start_date) if start_date is not None else start_date + ) + self.end_date = Timestamp(end_date) if end_date is not None else end_date + self.observance = observance + assert days_of_week is None or type(days_of_week) == tuple + self.days_of_week = days_of_week + + def __repr__(self) -> str: + info = "" + if self.year is not None: + info += f"year={self.year}, " + info += f"month={self.month}, day={self.day}, " + + if self.offset is not None: + info += f"offset={self.offset}" + + if self.observance is not None: + info += f"observance={self.observance}" + + repr = f"Holiday: {self.name} ({info})" + return repr + + def dates( + self, start_date, end_date, return_name: bool = False + ) -> Series | DatetimeIndex: + """ + Calculate holidays observed between start date and end date + + Parameters + ---------- + start_date : starting date, datetime-like, optional + end_date : ending date, datetime-like, optional + return_name : bool, optional, default=False + If True, return a series that has dates and holiday names. + False will only return dates. + + Returns + ------- + Series or DatetimeIndex + Series if return_name is True + """ + start_date = Timestamp(start_date) + end_date = Timestamp(end_date) + + filter_start_date = start_date + filter_end_date = end_date + + if self.year is not None: + dt = Timestamp(datetime(self.year, self.month, self.day)) + dti = DatetimeIndex([dt]) + if return_name: + return Series(self.name, index=dti) + else: + return dti + + dates = self._reference_dates(start_date, end_date) + holiday_dates = self._apply_rule(dates) + if self.days_of_week is not None: + holiday_dates = holiday_dates[ + np.isin( + # error: "DatetimeIndex" has no attribute "dayofweek" + holiday_dates.dayofweek, # type: ignore[attr-defined] + self.days_of_week, + ).ravel() + ] + + if self.start_date is not None: + filter_start_date = max( + self.start_date.tz_localize(filter_start_date.tz), filter_start_date + ) + if self.end_date is not None: + filter_end_date = min( + self.end_date.tz_localize(filter_end_date.tz), filter_end_date + ) + holiday_dates = holiday_dates[ + (holiday_dates >= filter_start_date) & (holiday_dates <= filter_end_date) + ] + if return_name: + return Series(self.name, index=holiday_dates) + return holiday_dates + + def _reference_dates( + self, start_date: Timestamp, end_date: Timestamp + ) -> DatetimeIndex: + """ + Get reference dates for the holiday. + + Return reference dates for the holiday also returning the year + prior to the start_date and year following the end_date. This ensures + that any offsets to be applied will yield the holidays within + the passed in dates. + """ + if self.start_date is not None: + start_date = self.start_date.tz_localize(start_date.tz) + + if self.end_date is not None: + end_date = self.end_date.tz_localize(start_date.tz) + + year_offset = DateOffset(years=1) + reference_start_date = Timestamp( + datetime(start_date.year - 1, self.month, self.day) + ) + + reference_end_date = Timestamp( + datetime(end_date.year + 1, self.month, self.day) + ) + # Don't process unnecessary holidays + dates = date_range( + start=reference_start_date, + end=reference_end_date, + freq=year_offset, + tz=start_date.tz, + ) + + return dates + + def _apply_rule(self, dates: DatetimeIndex) -> DatetimeIndex: + """ + Apply the given offset/observance to a DatetimeIndex of dates. + + Parameters + ---------- + dates : DatetimeIndex + Dates to apply the given offset/observance rule + + Returns + ------- + Dates with rules applied + """ + if dates.empty: + return dates.copy() + + if self.observance is not None: + return dates.map(lambda d: self.observance(d)) + + if self.offset is not None: + if not isinstance(self.offset, list): + offsets = [self.offset] + else: + offsets = self.offset + for offset in offsets: + # if we are adding a non-vectorized value + # ignore the PerformanceWarnings: + with warnings.catch_warnings(): + warnings.simplefilter("ignore", PerformanceWarning) + dates += offset + return dates + + +holiday_calendars = {} + + +def register(cls) -> None: + try: + name = cls.name + except AttributeError: + name = cls.__name__ + holiday_calendars[name] = cls + + +def get_calendar(name: str): + """ + Return an instance of a calendar based on its name. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Calendar name to return an instance of + """ + return holiday_calendars[name]() + + +class HolidayCalendarMetaClass(type): + def __new__(cls, clsname: str, bases, attrs): + calendar_class = super().__new__(cls, clsname, bases, attrs) + register(calendar_class) + return calendar_class + + +class AbstractHolidayCalendar(metaclass=HolidayCalendarMetaClass): + """ + Abstract interface to create holidays following certain rules. + """ + + rules: list[Holiday] = [] + start_date = Timestamp(datetime(1970, 1, 1)) + end_date = Timestamp(datetime(2200, 12, 31)) + _cache = None + + def __init__(self, name: str = "", rules=None) -> None: + """ + Initializes holiday object with a given set a rules. Normally + classes just have the rules defined within them. + + Parameters + ---------- + name : str + Name of the holiday calendar, defaults to class name + rules : array of Holiday objects + A set of rules used to create the holidays. + """ + super().__init__() + if not name: + name = type(self).__name__ + self.name = name + + if rules is not None: + self.rules = rules + + def rule_from_name(self, name: str): + for rule in self.rules: + if rule.name == name: + return rule + + return None + + def holidays(self, start=None, end=None, return_name: bool = False): + """ + Returns a curve with holidays between start_date and end_date + + Parameters + ---------- + start : starting date, datetime-like, optional + end : ending date, datetime-like, optional + return_name : bool, optional + If True, return a series that has dates and holiday names. + False will only return a DatetimeIndex of dates. + + Returns + ------- + DatetimeIndex of holidays + """ + if self.rules is None: + raise Exception( + f"Holiday Calendar {self.name} does not have any rules specified" + ) + + if start is None: + start = AbstractHolidayCalendar.start_date + + if end is None: + end = AbstractHolidayCalendar.end_date + + start = Timestamp(start) + end = Timestamp(end) + + # If we don't have a cache or the dates are outside the prior cache, we + # get them again + if self._cache is None or start < self._cache[0] or end > self._cache[1]: + pre_holidays = [ + rule.dates(start, end, return_name=True) for rule in self.rules + ] + if pre_holidays: + # error: Argument 1 to "concat" has incompatible type + # "List[Union[Series, DatetimeIndex]]"; expected + # "Union[Iterable[DataFrame], Mapping[, DataFrame]]" + holidays = concat(pre_holidays) # type: ignore[arg-type] + else: + # error: Incompatible types in assignment (expression has type + # "Series", variable has type "DataFrame") + holidays = Series( + index=DatetimeIndex([]), dtype=object + ) # type: ignore[assignment] + + self._cache = (start, end, holidays.sort_index()) + + holidays = self._cache[2] + holidays = holidays[start:end] + + if return_name: + return holidays + else: + return holidays.index + + @staticmethod + def merge_class(base, other): + """ + Merge holiday calendars together. The base calendar + will take precedence to other. The merge will be done + based on each holiday's name. + + Parameters + ---------- + base : AbstractHolidayCalendar + instance/subclass or array of Holiday objects + other : AbstractHolidayCalendar + instance/subclass or array of Holiday objects + """ + try: + other = other.rules + except AttributeError: + pass + + if not isinstance(other, list): + other = [other] + other_holidays = {holiday.name: holiday for holiday in other} + + try: + base = base.rules + except AttributeError: + pass + + if not isinstance(base, list): + base = [base] + base_holidays = {holiday.name: holiday for holiday in base} + + other_holidays.update(base_holidays) + return list(other_holidays.values()) + + def merge(self, other, inplace: bool = False): + """ + Merge holiday calendars together. The caller's class + rules take precedence. The merge will be done + based on each holiday's name. + + Parameters + ---------- + other : holiday calendar + inplace : bool (default=False) + If True set rule_table to holidays, else return array of Holidays + """ + holidays = self.merge_class(self, other) + if inplace: + self.rules = holidays + else: + return holidays + + +USMemorialDay = Holiday( + "Memorial Day", month=5, day=31, offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(-1)) +) +USLaborDay = Holiday("Labor Day", month=9, day=1, offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(1))) +USColumbusDay = Holiday( + "Columbus Day", month=10, day=1, offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(2)) +) +USThanksgivingDay = Holiday( + "Thanksgiving Day", month=11, day=1, offset=DateOffset(weekday=TH(4)) +) +USMartinLutherKingJr = Holiday( + "Birthday of Martin Luther King, Jr.", + start_date=datetime(1986, 1, 1), + month=1, + day=1, + offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(3)), +) +USPresidentsDay = Holiday( + "Washington's Birthday", month=2, day=1, offset=DateOffset(weekday=MO(3)) +) +GoodFriday = Holiday("Good Friday", month=1, day=1, offset=[Easter(), Day(-2)]) + +EasterMonday = Holiday("Easter Monday", month=1, day=1, offset=[Easter(), Day(1)]) + + +class USFederalHolidayCalendar(AbstractHolidayCalendar): + """ + US Federal Government Holiday Calendar based on rules specified by: + https://www.opm.gov/policy-data-oversight/pay-leave/federal-holidays/ + """ + + rules = [ + Holiday("New Year's Day", month=1, day=1, observance=nearest_workday), + USMartinLutherKingJr, + USPresidentsDay, + USMemorialDay, + Holiday( + "Juneteenth National Independence Day", + month=6, + day=19, + start_date="2021-06-18", + observance=nearest_workday, + ), + Holiday("Independence Day", month=7, day=4, observance=nearest_workday), + USLaborDay, + USColumbusDay, + Holiday("Veterans Day", month=11, day=11, observance=nearest_workday), + USThanksgivingDay, + Holiday("Christmas Day", month=12, day=25, observance=nearest_workday), + ] + + +def HolidayCalendarFactory(name: str, base, other, base_class=AbstractHolidayCalendar): + rules = AbstractHolidayCalendar.merge_class(base, other) + calendar_class = type(name, (base_class,), {"rules": rules, "name": name}) + return calendar_class + + +__all__ = [ + "after_nearest_workday", + "before_nearest_workday", + "FR", + "get_calendar", + "HolidayCalendarFactory", + "MO", + "nearest_workday", + "next_monday", + "next_monday_or_tuesday", + "next_workday", + "previous_friday", + "previous_workday", + "register", + "SA", + "SU", + "sunday_to_monday", + "TH", + "TU", + "WE", + "weekend_to_monday", +] diff --git a/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/offsets.py b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/offsets.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..169c9cc18a7fde6289a112ba5932cbb634eb3714 --- /dev/null +++ b/venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/pandas/tseries/offsets.py @@ -0,0 +1,91 @@ +from __future__ import annotations + +from pandas._libs.tslibs.offsets import ( + FY5253, + BaseOffset, + BDay, + BMonthBegin, + BMonthEnd, + BQuarterBegin, + BQuarterEnd, + BusinessDay, + BusinessHour, + BusinessMonthBegin, + BusinessMonthEnd, + BYearBegin, + BYearEnd, + CBMonthBegin, + CBMonthEnd, + CDay, + CustomBusinessDay, + CustomBusinessHour, + CustomBusinessMonthBegin, + CustomBusinessMonthEnd, + DateOffset, + Day, + Easter, + FY5253Quarter, + Hour, + LastWeekOfMonth, + Micro, + Milli, + Minute, + MonthBegin, + MonthEnd, + Nano, + QuarterBegin, + QuarterEnd, + Second, + SemiMonthBegin, + SemiMonthEnd, + Tick, + Week, + WeekOfMonth, + YearBegin, + YearEnd, +) + +__all__ = [ + "Day", + "BaseOffset", + "BusinessDay", + "BusinessMonthBegin", + "BusinessMonthEnd", + "BDay", + "CustomBusinessDay", + "CustomBusinessMonthBegin", + "CustomBusinessMonthEnd", + "CDay", + "CBMonthEnd", + "CBMonthBegin", + "MonthBegin", + "BMonthBegin", + "MonthEnd", + "BMonthEnd", + "SemiMonthEnd", + "SemiMonthBegin", + "BusinessHour", + "CustomBusinessHour", + "YearBegin", + "BYearBegin", + "YearEnd", + "BYearEnd", + "QuarterBegin", + "BQuarterBegin", + "QuarterEnd", + "BQuarterEnd", + "LastWeekOfMonth", + "FY5253Quarter", + "FY5253", + "Week", + "WeekOfMonth", + "Easter", + "Tick", + "Hour", + "Minute", + "Second", + "Milli", + "Micro", + "Nano", + "DateOffset", +]