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ckpts/universal/global_step80/zero/24.mlp.dense_h_to_4h.weight/exp_avg.pt

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+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:2d95348d63ff37f429c12caa2847fa139f4b005d19b8b49a3efdbafe9ceed34c
+size 33555612

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/betweenness.py

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+"""Betweenness centrality measures."""
+from collections import deque
+from heapq import heappop, heappush
+from itertools import count
+
+import networkx as nx
+from networkx.algorithms.shortest_paths.weighted import _weight_function
+from networkx.utils import py_random_state
+from networkx.utils.decorators import not_implemented_for
+
+__all__ = ["betweenness_centrality", "edge_betweenness_centrality"]
+
+
+@py_random_state(5)
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def betweenness_centrality(
+    G, k=None, normalized=True, weight=None, endpoints=False, seed=None
+):
+    r"""Compute the shortest-path betweenness centrality for nodes.
+
+    Betweenness centrality of a node $v$ is the sum of the
+    fraction of all-pairs shortest paths that pass through $v$
+
+    .. math::
+
+       c_B(v) =\sum_{s,t \in V} \frac{\sigma(s, t|v)}{\sigma(s, t)}
+
+    where $V$ is the set of nodes, $\sigma(s, t)$ is the number of
+    shortest $(s, t)$-paths,  and $\sigma(s, t|v)$ is the number of
+    those paths  passing through some  node $v$ other than $s, t$.
+    If $s = t$, $\sigma(s, t) = 1$, and if $v \in {s, t}$,
+    $\sigma(s, t|v) = 0$ [2]_.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph.
+
+    k : int, optional (default=None)
+      If k is not None use k node samples to estimate betweenness.
+      The value of k <= n where n is the number of nodes in the graph.
+      Higher values give better approximation.
+
+    normalized : bool, optional
+      If True the betweenness values are normalized by `2/((n-1)(n-2))`
+      for graphs, and `1/((n-1)(n-2))` for directed graphs where `n`
+      is the number of nodes in G.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, all edge weights are considered equal.
+      Otherwise holds the name of the edge attribute used as weight.
+      Weights are used to calculate weighted shortest paths, so they are
+      interpreted as distances.
+
+    endpoints : bool, optional
+      If True include the endpoints in the shortest path counts.
+
+    seed : integer, random_state, or None (default)
+        Indicator of random number generation state.
+        See :ref:`Randomness<randomness>`.
+        Note that this is only used if k is not None.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with betweenness centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    edge_betweenness_centrality
+    load_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The algorithm is from Ulrik Brandes [1]_.
+    See [4]_ for the original first published version and [2]_ for details on
+    algorithms for variations and related metrics.
+
+    For approximate betweenness calculations set k=#samples to use
+    k nodes ("pivots") to estimate the betweenness values. For an estimate
+    of the number of pivots needed see [3]_.
+
+    For weighted graphs the edge weights must be greater than zero.
+    Zero edge weights can produce an infinite number of equal length
+    paths between pairs of nodes.
+
+    The total number of paths between source and target is counted
+    differently for directed and undirected graphs. Directed paths
+    are easy to count. Undirected paths are tricky: should a path
+    from "u" to "v" count as 1 undirected path or as 2 directed paths?
+
+    For betweenness_centrality we report the number of undirected
+    paths when G is undirected.
+
+    For betweenness_centrality_subset the reporting is different.
+    If the source and target subsets are the same, then we want
+    to count undirected paths. But if the source and target subsets
+    differ -- for example, if sources is {0} and targets is {1},
+    then we are only counting the paths in one direction. They are
+    undirected paths but we are counting them in a directed way.
+    To count them as undirected paths, each should count as half a path.
+
+    This algorithm is not guaranteed to be correct if edge weights
+    are floating point numbers. As a workaround you can use integer
+    numbers by multiplying the relevant edge attributes by a convenient
+    constant factor (eg 100) and converting to integers.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Ulrik Brandes:
+       A Faster Algorithm for Betweenness Centrality.
+       Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25(2):163-177, 2001.
+       https://doi.org/10.1080/0022250X.2001.9990249
+    .. [2] Ulrik Brandes:
+       On Variants of Shortest-Path Betweenness
+       Centrality and their Generic Computation.
+       Social Networks 30(2):136-145, 2008.
+       https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2007.11.001
+    .. [3] Ulrik Brandes and Christian Pich:
+       Centrality Estimation in Large Networks.
+       International Journal of Bifurcation and Chaos 17(7):2303-2318, 2007.
+       https://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0218127407018403
+    .. [4] Linton C. Freeman:
+       A set of measures of centrality based on betweenness.
+       Sociometry 40: 35–41, 1977
+       https://doi.org/10.2307/3033543
+    """
+    betweenness = dict.fromkeys(G, 0.0)  # b[v]=0 for v in G
+    if k is None:
+        nodes = G
+    else:
+        nodes = seed.sample(list(G.nodes()), k)
+    for s in nodes:
+        # single source shortest paths
+        if weight is None:  # use BFS
+            S, P, sigma, _ = _single_source_shortest_path_basic(G, s)
+        else:  # use Dijkstra's algorithm
+            S, P, sigma, _ = _single_source_dijkstra_path_basic(G, s, weight)
+        # accumulation
+        if endpoints:
+            betweenness, _ = _accumulate_endpoints(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s)
+        else:
+            betweenness, _ = _accumulate_basic(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s)
+    # rescaling
+    betweenness = _rescale(
+        betweenness,
+        len(G),
+        normalized=normalized,
+        directed=G.is_directed(),
+        k=k,
+        endpoints=endpoints,
+    )
+    return betweenness
+
+
+@py_random_state(4)
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def edge_betweenness_centrality(G, k=None, normalized=True, weight=None, seed=None):
+    r"""Compute betweenness centrality for edges.
+
+    Betweenness centrality of an edge $e$ is the sum of the
+    fraction of all-pairs shortest paths that pass through $e$
+
+    .. math::
+
+       c_B(e) =\sum_{s,t \in V} \frac{\sigma(s, t|e)}{\sigma(s, t)}
+
+    where $V$ is the set of nodes, $\sigma(s, t)$ is the number of
+    shortest $(s, t)$-paths, and $\sigma(s, t|e)$ is the number of
+    those paths passing through edge $e$ [2]_.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph.
+
+    k : int, optional (default=None)
+      If k is not None use k node samples to estimate betweenness.
+      The value of k <= n where n is the number of nodes in the graph.
+      Higher values give better approximation.
+
+    normalized : bool, optional
+      If True the betweenness values are normalized by $2/(n(n-1))$
+      for graphs, and $1/(n(n-1))$ for directed graphs where $n$
+      is the number of nodes in G.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, all edge weights are considered equal.
+      Otherwise holds the name of the edge attribute used as weight.
+      Weights are used to calculate weighted shortest paths, so they are
+      interpreted as distances.
+
+    seed : integer, random_state, or None (default)
+        Indicator of random number generation state.
+        See :ref:`Randomness<randomness>`.
+        Note that this is only used if k is not None.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    edges : dictionary
+       Dictionary of edges with betweenness centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    betweenness_centrality
+    edge_load
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The algorithm is from Ulrik Brandes [1]_.
+
+    For weighted graphs the edge weights must be greater than zero.
+    Zero edge weights can produce an infinite number of equal length
+    paths between pairs of nodes.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1]  A Faster Algorithm for Betweenness Centrality. Ulrik Brandes,
+       Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25(2):163-177, 2001.
+       https://doi.org/10.1080/0022250X.2001.9990249
+    .. [2] Ulrik Brandes: On Variants of Shortest-Path Betweenness
+       Centrality and their Generic Computation.
+       Social Networks 30(2):136-145, 2008.
+       https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socnet.2007.11.001
+    """
+    betweenness = dict.fromkeys(G, 0.0)  # b[v]=0 for v in G
+    # b[e]=0 for e in G.edges()
+    betweenness.update(dict.fromkeys(G.edges(), 0.0))
+    if k is None:
+        nodes = G
+    else:
+        nodes = seed.sample(list(G.nodes()), k)
+    for s in nodes:
+        # single source shortest paths
+        if weight is None:  # use BFS
+            S, P, sigma, _ = _single_source_shortest_path_basic(G, s)
+        else:  # use Dijkstra's algorithm
+            S, P, sigma, _ = _single_source_dijkstra_path_basic(G, s, weight)
+        # accumulation
+        betweenness = _accumulate_edges(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s)
+    # rescaling
+    for n in G:  # remove nodes to only return edges
+        del betweenness[n]
+    betweenness = _rescale_e(
+        betweenness, len(G), normalized=normalized, directed=G.is_directed()
+    )
+    if G.is_multigraph():
+        betweenness = _add_edge_keys(G, betweenness, weight=weight)
+    return betweenness
+
+
+# helpers for betweenness centrality
+
+
+def _single_source_shortest_path_basic(G, s):
+    S = []
+    P = {}
+    for v in G:
+        P[v] = []
+    sigma = dict.fromkeys(G, 0.0)  # sigma[v]=0 for v in G
+    D = {}
+    sigma[s] = 1.0
+    D[s] = 0
+    Q = deque([s])
+    while Q:  # use BFS to find shortest paths
+        v = Q.popleft()
+        S.append(v)
+        Dv = D[v]
+        sigmav = sigma[v]
+        for w in G[v]:
+            if w not in D:
+                Q.append(w)
+                D[w] = Dv + 1
+            if D[w] == Dv + 1:  # this is a shortest path, count paths
+                sigma[w] += sigmav
+                P[w].append(v)  # predecessors
+    return S, P, sigma, D
+
+
+def _single_source_dijkstra_path_basic(G, s, weight):
+    weight = _weight_function(G, weight)
+    # modified from Eppstein
+    S = []
+    P = {}
+    for v in G:
+        P[v] = []
+    sigma = dict.fromkeys(G, 0.0)  # sigma[v]=0 for v in G
+    D = {}
+    sigma[s] = 1.0
+    push = heappush
+    pop = heappop
+    seen = {s: 0}
+    c = count()
+    Q = []  # use Q as heap with (distance,node id) tuples
+    push(Q, (0, next(c), s, s))
+    while Q:
+        (dist, _, pred, v) = pop(Q)
+        if v in D:
+            continue  # already searched this node.
+        sigma[v] += sigma[pred]  # count paths
+        S.append(v)
+        D[v] = dist
+        for w, edgedata in G[v].items():
+            vw_dist = dist + weight(v, w, edgedata)
+            if w not in D and (w not in seen or vw_dist < seen[w]):
+                seen[w] = vw_dist
+                push(Q, (vw_dist, next(c), v, w))
+                sigma[w] = 0.0
+                P[w] = [v]
+            elif vw_dist == seen[w]:  # handle equal paths
+                sigma[w] += sigma[v]
+                P[w].append(v)
+    return S, P, sigma, D
+
+
+def _accumulate_basic(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s):
+    delta = dict.fromkeys(S, 0)
+    while S:
+        w = S.pop()
+        coeff = (1 + delta[w]) / sigma[w]
+        for v in P[w]:
+            delta[v] += sigma[v] * coeff
+        if w != s:
+            betweenness[w] += delta[w]
+    return betweenness, delta
+
+
+def _accumulate_endpoints(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s):
+    betweenness[s] += len(S) - 1
+    delta = dict.fromkeys(S, 0)
+    while S:
+        w = S.pop()
+        coeff = (1 + delta[w]) / sigma[w]
+        for v in P[w]:
+            delta[v] += sigma[v] * coeff
+        if w != s:
+            betweenness[w] += delta[w] + 1
+    return betweenness, delta
+
+
+def _accumulate_edges(betweenness, S, P, sigma, s):
+    delta = dict.fromkeys(S, 0)
+    while S:
+        w = S.pop()
+        coeff = (1 + delta[w]) / sigma[w]
+        for v in P[w]:
+            c = sigma[v] * coeff
+            if (v, w) not in betweenness:
+                betweenness[(w, v)] += c
+            else:
+                betweenness[(v, w)] += c
+            delta[v] += c
+        if w != s:
+            betweenness[w] += delta[w]
+    return betweenness
+
+
+def _rescale(betweenness, n, normalized, directed=False, k=None, endpoints=False):
+    if normalized:
+        if endpoints:
+            if n < 2:
+                scale = None  # no normalization
+            else:
+                # Scale factor should include endpoint nodes
+                scale = 1 / (n * (n - 1))
+        elif n <= 2:
+            scale = None  # no normalization b=0 for all nodes
+        else:
+            scale = 1 / ((n - 1) * (n - 2))
+    else:  # rescale by 2 for undirected graphs
+        if not directed:
+            scale = 0.5
+        else:
+            scale = None
+    if scale is not None:
+        if k is not None:
+            scale = scale * n / k
+        for v in betweenness:
+            betweenness[v] *= scale
+    return betweenness
+
+
+def _rescale_e(betweenness, n, normalized, directed=False, k=None):
+    if normalized:
+        if n <= 1:
+            scale = None  # no normalization b=0 for all nodes
+        else:
+            scale = 1 / (n * (n - 1))
+    else:  # rescale by 2 for undirected graphs
+        if not directed:
+            scale = 0.5
+        else:
+            scale = None
+    if scale is not None:
+        if k is not None:
+            scale = scale * n / k
+        for v in betweenness:
+            betweenness[v] *= scale
+    return betweenness
+
+
+@not_implemented_for("graph")
+def _add_edge_keys(G, betweenness, weight=None):
+    r"""Adds the corrected betweenness centrality (BC) values for multigraphs.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : NetworkX graph.
+
+    betweenness : dictionary
+        Dictionary mapping adjacent node tuples to betweenness centrality values.
+
+    weight : string or function
+        See `_weight_function` for details. Defaults to `None`.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    edges : dictionary
+        The parameter `betweenness` including edges with keys and their
+        betweenness centrality values.
+
+    The BC value is divided among edges of equal weight.
+    """
+    _weight = _weight_function(G, weight)
+
+    edge_bc = dict.fromkeys(G.edges, 0.0)
+    for u, v in betweenness:
+        d = G[u][v]
+        wt = _weight(u, v, d)
+        keys = [k for k in d if _weight(u, v, {k: d[k]}) == wt]
+        bc = betweenness[(u, v)] / len(keys)
+        for k in keys:
+            edge_bc[(u, v, k)] = bc
+
+    return edge_bc

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/current_flow_betweenness_subset.py

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+"""Current-flow betweenness centrality measures for subsets of nodes."""
+import networkx as nx
+from networkx.algorithms.centrality.flow_matrix import flow_matrix_row
+from networkx.utils import not_implemented_for, reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering
+
+__all__ = [
+    "current_flow_betweenness_centrality_subset",
+    "edge_current_flow_betweenness_centrality_subset",
+]
+
+
+@not_implemented_for("directed")
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def current_flow_betweenness_centrality_subset(
+    G, sources, targets, normalized=True, weight=None, dtype=float, solver="lu"
+):
+    r"""Compute current-flow betweenness centrality for subsets of nodes.
+
+    Current-flow betweenness centrality uses an electrical current
+    model for information spreading in contrast to betweenness
+    centrality which uses shortest paths.
+
+    Current-flow betweenness centrality is also known as
+    random-walk betweenness centrality [2]_.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph
+
+    sources: list of nodes
+      Nodes to use as sources for current
+
+    targets: list of nodes
+      Nodes to use as sinks for current
+
+    normalized : bool, optional (default=True)
+      If True the betweenness values are normalized by b=b/(n-1)(n-2) where
+      n is the number of nodes in G.
+
+    weight : string or None, optional (default=None)
+      Key for edge data used as the edge weight.
+      If None, then use 1 as each edge weight.
+      The weight reflects the capacity or the strength of the
+      edge.
+
+    dtype: data type (float)
+      Default data type for internal matrices.
+      Set to np.float32 for lower memory consumption.
+
+    solver: string (default='lu')
+       Type of linear solver to use for computing the flow matrix.
+       Options are "full" (uses most memory), "lu" (recommended), and
+       "cg" (uses least memory).
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with betweenness centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    approximate_current_flow_betweenness_centrality
+    betweenness_centrality
+    edge_betweenness_centrality
+    edge_current_flow_betweenness_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Current-flow betweenness can be computed in $O(I(n-1)+mn \log n)$
+    time [1]_, where $I(n-1)$ is the time needed to compute the
+    inverse Laplacian.  For a full matrix this is $O(n^3)$ but using
+    sparse methods you can achieve $O(nm{\sqrt k})$ where $k$ is the
+    Laplacian matrix condition number.
+
+    The space required is $O(nw)$ where $w$ is the width of the sparse
+    Laplacian matrix.  Worse case is $w=n$ for $O(n^2)$.
+
+    If the edges have a 'weight' attribute they will be used as
+    weights in this algorithm.  Unspecified weights are set to 1.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Centrality Measures Based on Current Flow.
+       Ulrik Brandes and Daniel Fleischer,
+       Proc. 22nd Symp. Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS '05).
+       LNCS 3404, pp. 533-544. Springer-Verlag, 2005.
+       https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31856-9_44
+
+    .. [2] A measure of betweenness centrality based on random walks,
+       M. E. J. Newman, Social Networks 27, 39-54 (2005).
+    """
+    import numpy as np
+
+    from networkx.utils import reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering
+
+    if not nx.is_connected(G):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("Graph not connected.")
+    N = G.number_of_nodes()
+    ordering = list(reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G))
+    # make a copy with integer labels according to rcm ordering
+    # this could be done without a copy if we really wanted to
+    mapping = dict(zip(ordering, range(N)))
+    H = nx.relabel_nodes(G, mapping)
+    betweenness = dict.fromkeys(H, 0.0)  # b[n]=0 for n in H
+    for row, (s, t) in flow_matrix_row(H, weight=weight, dtype=dtype, solver=solver):
+        for ss in sources:
+            i = mapping[ss]
+            for tt in targets:
+                j = mapping[tt]
+                betweenness[s] += 0.5 * abs(row.item(i) - row.item(j))
+                betweenness[t] += 0.5 * abs(row.item(i) - row.item(j))
+    if normalized:
+        nb = (N - 1.0) * (N - 2.0)  # normalization factor
+    else:
+        nb = 2.0
+    for node in H:
+        betweenness[node] = betweenness[node] / nb + 1.0 / (2 - N)
+    return {ordering[node]: value for node, value in betweenness.items()}
+
+
+@not_implemented_for("directed")
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def edge_current_flow_betweenness_centrality_subset(
+    G, sources, targets, normalized=True, weight=None, dtype=float, solver="lu"
+):
+    r"""Compute current-flow betweenness centrality for edges using subsets
+    of nodes.
+
+    Current-flow betweenness centrality uses an electrical current
+    model for information spreading in contrast to betweenness
+    centrality which uses shortest paths.
+
+    Current-flow betweenness centrality is also known as
+    random-walk betweenness centrality [2]_.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph
+
+    sources: list of nodes
+      Nodes to use as sources for current
+
+    targets: list of nodes
+      Nodes to use as sinks for current
+
+    normalized : bool, optional (default=True)
+      If True the betweenness values are normalized by b=b/(n-1)(n-2) where
+      n is the number of nodes in G.
+
+    weight : string or None, optional (default=None)
+      Key for edge data used as the edge weight.
+      If None, then use 1 as each edge weight.
+      The weight reflects the capacity or the strength of the
+      edge.
+
+    dtype: data type (float)
+      Default data type for internal matrices.
+      Set to np.float32 for lower memory consumption.
+
+    solver: string (default='lu')
+       Type of linear solver to use for computing the flow matrix.
+       Options are "full" (uses most memory), "lu" (recommended), and
+       "cg" (uses least memory).
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dict
+       Dictionary of edge tuples with betweenness centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    betweenness_centrality
+    edge_betweenness_centrality
+    current_flow_betweenness_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Current-flow betweenness can be computed in $O(I(n-1)+mn \log n)$
+    time [1]_, where $I(n-1)$ is the time needed to compute the
+    inverse Laplacian.  For a full matrix this is $O(n^3)$ but using
+    sparse methods you can achieve $O(nm{\sqrt k})$ where $k$ is the
+    Laplacian matrix condition number.
+
+    The space required is $O(nw)$ where $w$ is the width of the sparse
+    Laplacian matrix.  Worse case is $w=n$ for $O(n^2)$.
+
+    If the edges have a 'weight' attribute they will be used as
+    weights in this algorithm.  Unspecified weights are set to 1.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Centrality Measures Based on Current Flow.
+       Ulrik Brandes and Daniel Fleischer,
+       Proc. 22nd Symp. Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science (STACS '05).
+       LNCS 3404, pp. 533-544. Springer-Verlag, 2005.
+       https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-31856-9_44
+
+    .. [2] A measure of betweenness centrality based on random walks,
+       M. E. J. Newman, Social Networks 27, 39-54 (2005).
+    """
+    import numpy as np
+
+    if not nx.is_connected(G):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("Graph not connected.")
+    N = G.number_of_nodes()
+    ordering = list(reverse_cuthill_mckee_ordering(G))
+    # make a copy with integer labels according to rcm ordering
+    # this could be done without a copy if we really wanted to
+    mapping = dict(zip(ordering, range(N)))
+    H = nx.relabel_nodes(G, mapping)
+    edges = (tuple(sorted((u, v))) for u, v in H.edges())
+    betweenness = dict.fromkeys(edges, 0.0)
+    if normalized:
+        nb = (N - 1.0) * (N - 2.0)  # normalization factor
+    else:
+        nb = 2.0
+    for row, (e) in flow_matrix_row(H, weight=weight, dtype=dtype, solver=solver):
+        for ss in sources:
+            i = mapping[ss]
+            for tt in targets:
+                j = mapping[tt]
+                betweenness[e] += 0.5 * abs(row.item(i) - row.item(j))
+        betweenness[e] /= nb
+    return {(ordering[s], ordering[t]): value for (s, t), value in betweenness.items()}

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/dispersion.py

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+from itertools import combinations
+
+import networkx as nx
+
+__all__ = ["dispersion"]
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable
+def dispersion(G, u=None, v=None, normalized=True, alpha=1.0, b=0.0, c=0.0):
+    r"""Calculate dispersion between `u` and `v` in `G`.
+
+    A link between two actors (`u` and `v`) has a high dispersion when their
+    mutual ties (`s` and `t`) are not well connected with each other.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+        A NetworkX graph.
+    u : node, optional
+        The source for the dispersion score (e.g. ego node of the network).
+    v : node, optional
+        The target of the dispersion score if specified.
+    normalized : bool
+        If True (default) normalize by the embeddedness of the nodes (u and v).
+    alpha, b, c : float
+        Parameters for the normalization procedure. When `normalized` is True,
+        the dispersion value is normalized by::
+
+            result = ((dispersion + b) ** alpha) / (embeddedness + c)
+
+        as long as the denominator is nonzero.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+        If u (v) is specified, returns a dictionary of nodes with dispersion
+        score for all "target" ("source") nodes. If neither u nor v is
+        specified, returns a dictionary of dictionaries for all nodes 'u' in the
+        graph with a dispersion score for each node 'v'.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    This implementation follows Lars Backstrom and Jon Kleinberg [1]_. Typical
+    usage would be to run dispersion on the ego network $G_u$ if $u$ were
+    specified.  Running :func:`dispersion` with neither $u$ nor $v$ specified
+    can take some time to complete.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Romantic Partnerships and the Dispersion of Social Ties:
+        A Network Analysis of Relationship Status on Facebook.
+        Lars Backstrom, Jon Kleinberg.
+        https://arxiv.org/pdf/1310.6753v1.pdf
+
+    """
+
+    def _dispersion(G_u, u, v):
+        """dispersion for all nodes 'v' in a ego network G_u of node 'u'"""
+        u_nbrs = set(G_u[u])
+        ST = {n for n in G_u[v] if n in u_nbrs}
+        set_uv = {u, v}
+        # all possible ties of connections that u and b share
+        possib = combinations(ST, 2)
+        total = 0
+        for s, t in possib:
+            # neighbors of s that are in G_u, not including u and v
+            nbrs_s = u_nbrs.intersection(G_u[s]) - set_uv
+            # s and t are not directly connected
+            if t not in nbrs_s:
+                # s and t do not share a connection
+                if nbrs_s.isdisjoint(G_u[t]):
+                    # tick for disp(u, v)
+                    total += 1
+        # neighbors that u and v share
+        embeddedness = len(ST)
+
+        dispersion_val = total
+        if normalized:
+            dispersion_val = (total + b) ** alpha
+            if embeddedness + c != 0:
+                dispersion_val /= embeddedness + c
+
+        return dispersion_val
+
+    if u is None:
+        # v and u are not specified
+        if v is None:
+            results = {n: {} for n in G}
+            for u in G:
+                for v in G[u]:
+                    results[u][v] = _dispersion(G, u, v)
+        # u is not specified, but v is
+        else:
+            results = dict.fromkeys(G[v], {})
+            for u in G[v]:
+                results[u] = _dispersion(G, v, u)
+    else:
+        # u is specified with no target v
+        if v is None:
+            results = dict.fromkeys(G[u], {})
+            for v in G[u]:
+                results[v] = _dispersion(G, u, v)
+        # both u and v are specified
+        else:
+            results = _dispersion(G, u, v)
+
+    return results

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/eigenvector.py

@@ -0,0 +1,341 @@
+"""Functions for computing eigenvector centrality."""
+import math
+
+import networkx as nx
+from networkx.utils import not_implemented_for
+
+__all__ = ["eigenvector_centrality", "eigenvector_centrality_numpy"]
+
+
+@not_implemented_for("multigraph")
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def eigenvector_centrality(G, max_iter=100, tol=1.0e-6, nstart=None, weight=None):
+    r"""Compute the eigenvector centrality for the graph G.
+
+    Eigenvector centrality computes the centrality for a node by adding
+    the centrality of its predecessors. The centrality for node $i$ is the
+    $i$-th element of a left eigenvector associated with the eigenvalue $\lambda$
+    of maximum modulus that is positive. Such an eigenvector $x$ is
+    defined up to a multiplicative constant by the equation
+
+    .. math::
+
+         \lambda x^T = x^T A,
+
+    where $A$ is the adjacency matrix of the graph G. By definition of
+    row-column product, the equation above is equivalent to
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \lambda x_i = \sum_{j\to i}x_j.
+
+    That is, adding the eigenvector centralities of the predecessors of
+    $i$ one obtains the eigenvector centrality of $i$ multiplied by
+    $\lambda$. In the case of undirected graphs, $x$ also solves the familiar
+    right-eigenvector equation $Ax = \lambda x$.
+
+    By virtue of the Perron–Frobenius theorem [1]_, if G is strongly
+    connected there is a unique eigenvector $x$, and all its entries
+    are strictly positive.
+
+    If G is not strongly connected there might be several left
+    eigenvectors associated with $\lambda$, and some of their elements
+    might be zero.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A networkx graph.
+
+    max_iter : integer, optional (default=100)
+      Maximum number of power iterations.
+
+    tol : float, optional (default=1.0e-6)
+      Error tolerance (in Euclidean norm) used to check convergence in
+      power iteration.
+
+    nstart : dictionary, optional (default=None)
+      Starting value of power iteration for each node. Must have a nonzero
+      projection on the desired eigenvector for the power method to converge.
+      If None, this implementation uses an all-ones vector, which is a safe
+      choice.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, all edge weights are considered equal. Otherwise holds the
+      name of the edge attribute used as weight. In this measure the
+      weight is interpreted as the connection strength.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with eigenvector centrality as the value. The
+       associated vector has unit Euclidean norm and the values are
+       nonegative.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
+    >>> centrality = nx.eigenvector_centrality(G)
+    >>> sorted((v, f"{c:0.2f}") for v, c in centrality.items())
+    [(0, '0.37'), (1, '0.60'), (2, '0.60'), (3, '0.37')]
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    NetworkXPointlessConcept
+        If the graph G is the null graph.
+
+    NetworkXError
+        If each value in `nstart` is zero.
+
+    PowerIterationFailedConvergence
+        If the algorithm fails to converge to the specified tolerance
+        within the specified number of iterations of the power iteration
+        method.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    eigenvector_centrality_numpy
+    :func:`~networkx.algorithms.link_analysis.pagerank_alg.pagerank`
+    :func:`~networkx.algorithms.link_analysis.hits_alg.hits`
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Eigenvector centrality was introduced by Landau [2]_ for chess
+    tournaments. It was later rediscovered by Wei [3]_ and then
+    popularized by Kendall [4]_ in the context of sport ranking. Berge
+    introduced a general definition for graphs based on social connections
+    [5]_. Bonacich [6]_ reintroduced again eigenvector centrality and made
+    it popular in link analysis.
+
+    This function computes the left dominant eigenvector, which corresponds
+    to adding the centrality of predecessors: this is the usual approach.
+    To add the centrality of successors first reverse the graph with
+    ``G.reverse()``.
+
+    The implementation uses power iteration [7]_ to compute a dominant
+    eigenvector starting from the provided vector `nstart`. Convergence is
+    guaranteed as long as `nstart` has a nonzero projection on a dominant
+    eigenvector, which certainly happens using the default value.
+
+    The method stops when the change in the computed vector between two
+    iterations is smaller than an error tolerance of ``G.number_of_nodes()
+    * tol`` or after ``max_iter`` iterations, but in the second case it
+    raises an exception.
+
+    This implementation uses $(A + I)$ rather than the adjacency matrix
+    $A$ because the change preserves eigenvectors, but it shifts the
+    spectrum, thus guaranteeing convergence even for networks with
+    negative eigenvalues of maximum modulus.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Abraham Berman and Robert J. Plemmons.
+       "Nonnegative Matrices in the Mathematical Sciences."
+       Classics in Applied Mathematics. SIAM, 1994.
+
+    .. [2] Edmund Landau.
+       "Zur relativen Wertbemessung der Turnierresultate."
+       Deutsches Wochenschach, 11:366–369, 1895.
+
+    .. [3] Teh-Hsing Wei.
+       "The Algebraic Foundations of Ranking Theory."
+       PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 1952.
+
+    .. [4] Maurice G. Kendall.
+       "Further contributions to the theory of paired comparisons."
+       Biometrics, 11(1):43–62, 1955.
+       https://www.jstor.org/stable/3001479
+
+    .. [5] Claude Berge
+       "Théorie des graphes et ses applications."
+       Dunod, Paris, France, 1958.
+
+    .. [6] Phillip Bonacich.
+       "Technique for analyzing overlapping memberships."
+       Sociological Methodology, 4:176–185, 1972.
+       https://www.jstor.org/stable/270732
+
+    .. [7] Power iteration:: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_iteration
+
+    """
+    if len(G) == 0:
+        raise nx.NetworkXPointlessConcept(
+            "cannot compute centrality for the null graph"
+        )
+    # If no initial vector is provided, start with the all-ones vector.
+    if nstart is None:
+        nstart = {v: 1 for v in G}
+    if all(v == 0 for v in nstart.values()):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("initial vector cannot have all zero values")
+    # Normalize the initial vector so that each entry is in [0, 1]. This is
+    # guaranteed to never have a divide-by-zero error by the previous line.
+    nstart_sum = sum(nstart.values())
+    x = {k: v / nstart_sum for k, v in nstart.items()}
+    nnodes = G.number_of_nodes()
+    # make up to max_iter iterations
+    for _ in range(max_iter):
+        xlast = x
+        x = xlast.copy()  # Start with xlast times I to iterate with (A+I)
+        # do the multiplication y^T = x^T A (left eigenvector)
+        for n in x:
+            for nbr in G[n]:
+                w = G[n][nbr].get(weight, 1) if weight else 1
+                x[nbr] += xlast[n] * w
+        # Normalize the vector. The normalization denominator `norm`
+        # should never be zero by the Perron--Frobenius
+        # theorem. However, in case it is due to numerical error, we
+        # assume the norm to be one instead.
+        norm = math.hypot(*x.values()) or 1
+        x = {k: v / norm for k, v in x.items()}
+        # Check for convergence (in the L_1 norm).
+        if sum(abs(x[n] - xlast[n]) for n in x) < nnodes * tol:
+            return x
+    raise nx.PowerIterationFailedConvergence(max_iter)
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def eigenvector_centrality_numpy(G, weight=None, max_iter=50, tol=0):
+    r"""Compute the eigenvector centrality for the graph G.
+
+    Eigenvector centrality computes the centrality for a node by adding
+    the centrality of its predecessors. The centrality for node $i$ is the
+    $i$-th element of a left eigenvector associated with the eigenvalue $\lambda$
+    of maximum modulus that is positive. Such an eigenvector $x$ is
+    defined up to a multiplicative constant by the equation
+
+    .. math::
+
+         \lambda x^T = x^T A,
+
+    where $A$ is the adjacency matrix of the graph G. By definition of
+    row-column product, the equation above is equivalent to
+
+    .. math::
+
+        \lambda x_i = \sum_{j\to i}x_j.
+
+    That is, adding the eigenvector centralities of the predecessors of
+    $i$ one obtains the eigenvector centrality of $i$ multiplied by
+    $\lambda$. In the case of undirected graphs, $x$ also solves the familiar
+    right-eigenvector equation $Ax = \lambda x$.
+
+    By virtue of the Perron–Frobenius theorem [1]_, if G is strongly
+    connected there is a unique eigenvector $x$, and all its entries
+    are strictly positive.
+
+    If G is not strongly connected there might be several left
+    eigenvectors associated with $\lambda$, and some of their elements
+    might be zero.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A networkx graph.
+
+    max_iter : integer, optional (default=50)
+      Maximum number of Arnoldi update iterations allowed.
+
+    tol : float, optional (default=0)
+      Relative accuracy for eigenvalues (stopping criterion).
+      The default value of 0 implies machine precision.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, all edge weights are considered equal. Otherwise holds the
+      name of the edge attribute used as weight. In this measure the
+      weight is interpreted as the connection strength.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with eigenvector centrality as the value. The
+       associated vector has unit Euclidean norm and the values are
+       nonegative.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> G = nx.path_graph(4)
+    >>> centrality = nx.eigenvector_centrality_numpy(G)
+    >>> print([f"{node} {centrality[node]:0.2f}" for node in centrality])
+    ['0 0.37', '1 0.60', '2 0.60', '3 0.37']
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    NetworkXPointlessConcept
+        If the graph G is the null graph.
+
+    ArpackNoConvergence
+        When the requested convergence is not obtained. The currently
+        converged eigenvalues and eigenvectors can be found as
+        eigenvalues and eigenvectors attributes of the exception object.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    :func:`scipy.sparse.linalg.eigs`
+    eigenvector_centrality
+    :func:`~networkx.algorithms.link_analysis.pagerank_alg.pagerank`
+    :func:`~networkx.algorithms.link_analysis.hits_alg.hits`
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Eigenvector centrality was introduced by Landau [2]_ for chess
+    tournaments. It was later rediscovered by Wei [3]_ and then
+    popularized by Kendall [4]_ in the context of sport ranking. Berge
+    introduced a general definition for graphs based on social connections
+    [5]_. Bonacich [6]_ reintroduced again eigenvector centrality and made
+    it popular in link analysis.
+
+    This function computes the left dominant eigenvector, which corresponds
+    to adding the centrality of predecessors: this is the usual approach.
+    To add the centrality of successors first reverse the graph with
+    ``G.reverse()``.
+
+    This implementation uses the
+    :func:`SciPy sparse eigenvalue solver<scipy.sparse.linalg.eigs>` (ARPACK)
+    to find the largest eigenvalue/eigenvector pair using Arnoldi iterations
+    [7]_.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Abraham Berman and Robert J. Plemmons.
+       "Nonnegative Matrices in the Mathematical Sciences."
+       Classics in Applied Mathematics. SIAM, 1994.
+
+    .. [2] Edmund Landau.
+       "Zur relativen Wertbemessung der Turnierresultate."
+       Deutsches Wochenschach, 11:366–369, 1895.
+
+    .. [3] Teh-Hsing Wei.
+       "The Algebraic Foundations of Ranking Theory."
+       PhD thesis, University of Cambridge, 1952.
+
+    .. [4] Maurice G. Kendall.
+       "Further contributions to the theory of paired comparisons."
+       Biometrics, 11(1):43–62, 1955.
+       https://www.jstor.org/stable/3001479
+
+    .. [5] Claude Berge
+       "Théorie des graphes et ses applications."
+       Dunod, Paris, France, 1958.
+
+    .. [6] Phillip Bonacich.
+       "Technique for analyzing overlapping memberships."
+       Sociological Methodology, 4:176–185, 1972.
+       https://www.jstor.org/stable/270732
+
+    .. [7] Arnoldi iteration:: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arnoldi_iteration
+
+    """
+    import numpy as np
+    import scipy as sp
+
+    if len(G) == 0:
+        raise nx.NetworkXPointlessConcept(
+            "cannot compute centrality for the null graph"
+        )
+    M = nx.to_scipy_sparse_array(G, nodelist=list(G), weight=weight, dtype=float)
+    _, eigenvector = sp.sparse.linalg.eigs(
+        M.T, k=1, which="LR", maxiter=max_iter, tol=tol
+    )
+    largest = eigenvector.flatten().real
+    norm = np.sign(largest.sum()) * sp.linalg.norm(largest)
+    return dict(zip(G, (largest / norm).tolist()))

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/flow_matrix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+# Helpers for current-flow betweenness and current-flow closeness
+# Lazy computations for inverse Laplacian and flow-matrix rows.
+import networkx as nx
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def flow_matrix_row(G, weight=None, dtype=float, solver="lu"):
+    # Generate a row of the current-flow matrix
+    import numpy as np
+
+    solvername = {
+        "full": FullInverseLaplacian,
+        "lu": SuperLUInverseLaplacian,
+        "cg": CGInverseLaplacian,
+    }
+    n = G.number_of_nodes()
+    L = nx.laplacian_matrix(G, nodelist=range(n), weight=weight).asformat("csc")
+    L = L.astype(dtype)
+    C = solvername[solver](L, dtype=dtype)  # initialize solver
+    w = C.w  # w is the Laplacian matrix width
+    # row-by-row flow matrix
+    for u, v in sorted(sorted((u, v)) for u, v in G.edges()):
+        B = np.zeros(w, dtype=dtype)
+        c = G[u][v].get(weight, 1.0)
+        B[u % w] = c
+        B[v % w] = -c
+        # get only the rows needed in the inverse laplacian
+        # and multiply to get the flow matrix row
+        row = B @ C.get_rows(u, v)
+        yield row, (u, v)
+
+
+# Class to compute the inverse laplacian only for specified rows
+# Allows computation of the current-flow matrix without storing entire
+# inverse laplacian matrix
+class InverseLaplacian:
+    def __init__(self, L, width=None, dtype=None):
+        global np
+        import numpy as np
+
+        (n, n) = L.shape
+        self.dtype = dtype
+        self.n = n
+        if width is None:
+            self.w = self.width(L)
+        else:
+            self.w = width
+        self.C = np.zeros((self.w, n), dtype=dtype)
+        self.L1 = L[1:, 1:]
+        self.init_solver(L)
+
+    def init_solver(self, L):
+        pass
+
+    def solve(self, r):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("Implement solver")
+
+    def solve_inverse(self, r):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("Implement solver")
+
+    def get_rows(self, r1, r2):
+        for r in range(r1, r2 + 1):
+            self.C[r % self.w, 1:] = self.solve_inverse(r)
+        return self.C
+
+    def get_row(self, r):
+        self.C[r % self.w, 1:] = self.solve_inverse(r)
+        return self.C[r % self.w]
+
+    def width(self, L):
+        m = 0
+        for i, row in enumerate(L):
+            w = 0
+            x, y = np.nonzero(row)
+            if len(y) > 0:
+                v = y - i
+                w = v.max() - v.min() + 1
+                m = max(w, m)
+        return m
+
+
+class FullInverseLaplacian(InverseLaplacian):
+    def init_solver(self, L):
+        self.IL = np.zeros(L.shape, dtype=self.dtype)
+        self.IL[1:, 1:] = np.linalg.inv(self.L1.todense())
+
+    def solve(self, rhs):
+        s = np.zeros(rhs.shape, dtype=self.dtype)
+        s = self.IL @ rhs
+        return s
+
+    def solve_inverse(self, r):
+        return self.IL[r, 1:]
+
+
+class SuperLUInverseLaplacian(InverseLaplacian):
+    def init_solver(self, L):
+        import scipy as sp
+
+        self.lusolve = sp.sparse.linalg.factorized(self.L1.tocsc())
+
+    def solve_inverse(self, r):
+        rhs = np.zeros(self.n, dtype=self.dtype)
+        rhs[r] = 1
+        return self.lusolve(rhs[1:])
+
+    def solve(self, rhs):
+        s = np.zeros(rhs.shape, dtype=self.dtype)
+        s[1:] = self.lusolve(rhs[1:])
+        return s
+
+
+class CGInverseLaplacian(InverseLaplacian):
+    def init_solver(self, L):
+        global sp
+        import scipy as sp
+
+        ilu = sp.sparse.linalg.spilu(self.L1.tocsc())
+        n = self.n - 1
+        self.M = sp.sparse.linalg.LinearOperator(shape=(n, n), matvec=ilu.solve)
+
+    def solve(self, rhs):
+        s = np.zeros(rhs.shape, dtype=self.dtype)
+        s[1:] = sp.sparse.linalg.cg(self.L1, rhs[1:], M=self.M, atol=0)[0]
+        return s
+
+    def solve_inverse(self, r):
+        rhs = np.zeros(self.n, self.dtype)
+        rhs[r] = 1
+        return sp.sparse.linalg.cg(self.L1, rhs[1:], M=self.M, atol=0)[0]

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/harmonic.py

@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+"""Functions for computing the harmonic centrality of a graph."""
+from functools import partial
+
+import networkx as nx
+
+__all__ = ["harmonic_centrality"]
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="distance")
+def harmonic_centrality(G, nbunch=None, distance=None, sources=None):
+    r"""Compute harmonic centrality for nodes.
+
+    Harmonic centrality [1]_ of a node `u` is the sum of the reciprocal
+    of the shortest path distances from all other nodes to `u`
+
+    .. math::
+
+        C(u) = \sum_{v \neq u} \frac{1}{d(v, u)}
+
+    where `d(v, u)` is the shortest-path distance between `v` and `u`.
+
+    If `sources` is given as an argument, the returned harmonic centrality
+    values are calculated as the sum of the reciprocals of the shortest
+    path distances from the nodes specified in `sources` to `u` instead
+    of from all nodes to `u`.
+
+    Notice that higher values indicate higher centrality.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph
+
+    nbunch : container (default: all nodes in G)
+      Container of nodes for which harmonic centrality values are calculated.
+
+    sources : container (default: all nodes in G)
+      Container of nodes `v` over which reciprocal distances are computed.
+      Nodes not in `G` are silently ignored.
+
+    distance : edge attribute key, optional (default=None)
+      Use the specified edge attribute as the edge distance in shortest
+      path calculations.  If `None`, then each edge will have distance equal to 1.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+      Dictionary of nodes with harmonic centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    betweenness_centrality, load_centrality, eigenvector_centrality,
+    degree_centrality, closeness_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    If the 'distance' keyword is set to an edge attribute key then the
+    shortest-path length will be computed using Dijkstra's algorithm with
+    that edge attribute as the edge weight.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Boldi, Paolo, and Sebastiano Vigna. "Axioms for centrality."
+           Internet Mathematics 10.3-4 (2014): 222-262.
+    """
+
+    nbunch = set(G.nbunch_iter(nbunch)) if nbunch is not None else set(G.nodes)
+    sources = set(G.nbunch_iter(sources)) if sources is not None else G.nodes
+
+    spl = partial(nx.shortest_path_length, G, weight=distance)
+    centrality = {u: 0 for u in nbunch}
+    for v in sources:
+        dist = spl(v)
+        for u in nbunch.intersection(dist):
+            d = dist[u]
+            if d == 0:  # handle u == v and edges with 0 weight
+                continue
+            centrality[u] += 1 / d
+
+    return centrality

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/laplacian.py

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+"""
+Laplacian centrality measures.
+"""
+import networkx as nx
+
+__all__ = ["laplacian_centrality"]
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def laplacian_centrality(
+    G, normalized=True, nodelist=None, weight="weight", walk_type=None, alpha=0.95
+):
+    r"""Compute the Laplacian centrality for nodes in the graph `G`.
+
+    The Laplacian Centrality of a node ``i`` is measured by the drop in the
+    Laplacian Energy after deleting node ``i`` from the graph. The Laplacian Energy
+    is the sum of the squared eigenvalues of a graph's Laplacian matrix.
+
+    .. math::
+
+        C_L(u_i,G) = \frac{(\Delta E)_i}{E_L (G)} = \frac{E_L (G)-E_L (G_i)}{E_L (G)}
+
+        E_L (G) = \sum_{i=0}^n \lambda_i^2
+
+    Where $E_L (G)$ is the Laplacian energy of graph `G`,
+    E_L (G_i) is the Laplacian energy of graph `G` after deleting node ``i``
+    and $\lambda_i$ are the eigenvalues of `G`'s Laplacian matrix.
+    This formula shows the normalized value. Without normalization,
+    the numerator on the right side is returned.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+        A networkx graph
+
+    normalized : bool (default = True)
+        If True the centrality score is scaled so the sum over all nodes is 1.
+        If False the centrality score for each node is the drop in Laplacian
+        energy when that node is removed.
+
+    nodelist : list, optional (default = None)
+        The rows and columns are ordered according to the nodes in nodelist.
+        If nodelist is None, then the ordering is produced by G.nodes().
+
+    weight: string or None, optional (default=`weight`)
+        Optional parameter `weight` to compute the Laplacian matrix.
+        The edge data key used to compute each value in the matrix.
+        If None, then each edge has weight 1.
+
+    walk_type : string or None, optional (default=None)
+        Optional parameter `walk_type` used when calling
+        :func:`directed_laplacian_matrix <networkx.directed_laplacian_matrix>`.
+        One of ``"random"``, ``"lazy"``, or ``"pagerank"``. If ``walk_type=None``
+        (the default), then a value is selected according to the properties of `G`:
+        - ``walk_type="random"`` if `G` is strongly connected and aperiodic
+        - ``walk_type="lazy"`` if `G` is strongly connected but not aperiodic
+        - ``walk_type="pagerank"`` for all other cases.
+
+    alpha : real (default = 0.95)
+        Optional parameter `alpha` used when calling
+        :func:`directed_laplacian_matrix <networkx.directed_laplacian_matrix>`.
+        (1 - alpha) is the teleportation probability used with pagerank.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with Laplacian centrality as the value.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> G = nx.Graph()
+    >>> edges = [(0, 1, 4), (0, 2, 2), (2, 1, 1), (1, 3, 2), (1, 4, 2), (4, 5, 1)]
+    >>> G.add_weighted_edges_from(edges)
+    >>> sorted((v, f"{c:0.2f}") for v, c in laplacian_centrality(G).items())
+    [(0, '0.70'), (1, '0.90'), (2, '0.28'), (3, '0.22'), (4, '0.26'), (5, '0.04')]
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The algorithm is implemented based on [1]_ with an extension to directed graphs
+    using the ``directed_laplacian_matrix`` function.
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    NetworkXPointlessConcept
+        If the graph `G` is the null graph.
+    ZeroDivisionError
+        If the graph `G` has no edges (is empty) and normalization is requested.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Qi, X., Fuller, E., Wu, Q., Wu, Y., and Zhang, C.-Q. (2012).
+       Laplacian centrality: A new centrality measure for weighted networks.
+       Information Sciences, 194:240-253.
+       https://math.wvu.edu/~cqzhang/Publication-files/my-paper/INS-2012-Laplacian-W.pdf
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    :func:`~networkx.linalg.laplacianmatrix.directed_laplacian_matrix`
+    :func:`~networkx.linalg.laplacianmatrix.laplacian_matrix`
+    """
+    import numpy as np
+    import scipy as sp
+
+    if len(G) == 0:
+        raise nx.NetworkXPointlessConcept("null graph has no centrality defined")
+    if G.size(weight=weight) == 0:
+        if normalized:
+            raise ZeroDivisionError("graph with no edges has zero full energy")
+        return {n: 0 for n in G}
+
+    if nodelist is not None:
+        nodeset = set(G.nbunch_iter(nodelist))
+        if len(nodeset) != len(nodelist):
+            raise nx.NetworkXError("nodelist has duplicate nodes or nodes not in G")
+        nodes = nodelist + [n for n in G if n not in nodeset]
+    else:
+        nodelist = nodes = list(G)
+
+    if G.is_directed():
+        lap_matrix = nx.directed_laplacian_matrix(G, nodes, weight, walk_type, alpha)
+    else:
+        lap_matrix = nx.laplacian_matrix(G, nodes, weight).toarray()
+
+    full_energy = np.power(sp.linalg.eigh(lap_matrix, eigvals_only=True), 2).sum()
+
+    # calculate laplacian centrality
+    laplace_centralities_dict = {}
+    for i, node in enumerate(nodelist):
+        # remove row and col i from lap_matrix
+        all_but_i = list(np.arange(lap_matrix.shape[0]))
+        all_but_i.remove(i)
+        A_2 = lap_matrix[all_but_i, :][:, all_but_i]
+
+        # Adjust diagonal for removed row
+        new_diag = lap_matrix.diagonal() - abs(lap_matrix[:, i])
+        np.fill_diagonal(A_2, new_diag[all_but_i])
+
+        if len(all_but_i) > 0:  # catches degenerate case of single node
+            new_energy = np.power(sp.linalg.eigh(A_2, eigvals_only=True), 2).sum()
+        else:
+            new_energy = 0.0
+
+        lapl_cent = full_energy - new_energy
+        if normalized:
+            lapl_cent = lapl_cent / full_energy
+
+        laplace_centralities_dict[node] = float(lapl_cent)
+
+    return laplace_centralities_dict

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/load.py

@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+"""Load centrality."""
+from operator import itemgetter
+
+import networkx as nx
+
+__all__ = ["load_centrality", "edge_load_centrality"]
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def newman_betweenness_centrality(G, v=None, cutoff=None, normalized=True, weight=None):
+    """Compute load centrality for nodes.
+
+    The load centrality of a node is the fraction of all shortest
+    paths that pass through that node.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A networkx graph.
+
+    normalized : bool, optional (default=True)
+      If True the betweenness values are normalized by b=b/(n-1)(n-2) where
+      n is the number of nodes in G.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, edge weights are ignored.
+      Otherwise holds the name of the edge attribute used as weight.
+      The weight of an edge is treated as the length or distance between the two sides.
+
+    cutoff : bool, optional (default=None)
+      If specified, only consider paths of length <= cutoff.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    betweenness_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    Load centrality is slightly different than betweenness. It was originally
+    introduced by [2]_. For this load algorithm see [1]_.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Mark E. J. Newman:
+       Scientific collaboration networks. II.
+       Shortest paths, weighted networks, and centrality.
+       Physical Review E 64, 016132, 2001.
+       http://journals.aps.org/pre/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevE.64.016132
+    .. [2] Kwang-Il Goh, Byungnam Kahng and Doochul Kim
+       Universal behavior of Load Distribution in Scale-Free Networks.
+       Physical Review Letters 87(27):1–4, 2001.
+       https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.87.278701
+    """
+    if v is not None:  # only one node
+        betweenness = 0.0
+        for source in G:
+            ubetween = _node_betweenness(G, source, cutoff, False, weight)
+            betweenness += ubetween[v] if v in ubetween else 0
+        if normalized:
+            order = G.order()
+            if order <= 2:
+                return betweenness  # no normalization b=0 for all nodes
+            betweenness *= 1.0 / ((order - 1) * (order - 2))
+    else:
+        betweenness = {}.fromkeys(G, 0.0)
+        for source in betweenness:
+            ubetween = _node_betweenness(G, source, cutoff, False, weight)
+            for vk in ubetween:
+                betweenness[vk] += ubetween[vk]
+        if normalized:
+            order = G.order()
+            if order <= 2:
+                return betweenness  # no normalization b=0 for all nodes
+            scale = 1.0 / ((order - 1) * (order - 2))
+            for v in betweenness:
+                betweenness[v] *= scale
+    return betweenness  # all nodes
+
+
+def _node_betweenness(G, source, cutoff=False, normalized=True, weight=None):
+    """Node betweenness_centrality helper:
+
+    See betweenness_centrality for what you probably want.
+    This actually computes "load" and not betweenness.
+    See https://networkx.lanl.gov/ticket/103
+
+    This calculates the load of each node for paths from a single source.
+    (The fraction of number of shortests paths from source that go
+    through each node.)
+
+    To get the load for a node you need to do all-pairs shortest paths.
+
+    If weight is not None then use Dijkstra for finding shortest paths.
+    """
+    # get the predecessor and path length data
+    if weight is None:
+        (pred, length) = nx.predecessor(G, source, cutoff=cutoff, return_seen=True)
+    else:
+        (pred, length) = nx.dijkstra_predecessor_and_distance(G, source, cutoff, weight)
+
+    # order the nodes by path length
+    onodes = [(l, vert) for (vert, l) in length.items()]
+    onodes.sort()
+    onodes[:] = [vert for (l, vert) in onodes if l > 0]
+
+    # initialize betweenness
+    between = {}.fromkeys(length, 1.0)
+
+    while onodes:
+        v = onodes.pop()
+        if v in pred:
+            num_paths = len(pred[v])  # Discount betweenness if more than
+            for x in pred[v]:  # one shortest path.
+                if x == source:  # stop if hit source because all remaining v
+                    break  # also have pred[v]==[source]
+                between[x] += between[v] / num_paths
+    #  remove source
+    for v in between:
+        between[v] -= 1
+    # rescale to be between 0 and 1
+    if normalized:
+        l = len(between)
+        if l > 2:
+            # scale by 1/the number of possible paths
+            scale = 1 / ((l - 1) * (l - 2))
+            for v in between:
+                between[v] *= scale
+    return between
+
+
+load_centrality = newman_betweenness_centrality
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable
+def edge_load_centrality(G, cutoff=False):
+    """Compute edge load.
+
+    WARNING: This concept of edge load has not been analysed
+    or discussed outside of NetworkX that we know of.
+    It is based loosely on load_centrality in the sense that
+    it counts the number of shortest paths which cross each edge.
+    This function is for demonstration and testing purposes.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+        A networkx graph
+
+    cutoff : bool, optional (default=False)
+        If specified, only consider paths of length <= cutoff.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    A dict keyed by edge 2-tuple to the number of shortest paths
+    which use that edge. Where more than one path is shortest
+    the count is divided equally among paths.
+    """
+    betweenness = {}
+    for u, v in G.edges():
+        betweenness[(u, v)] = 0.0
+        betweenness[(v, u)] = 0.0
+
+    for source in G:
+        ubetween = _edge_betweenness(G, source, cutoff=cutoff)
+        for e, ubetweenv in ubetween.items():
+            betweenness[e] += ubetweenv  # cumulative total
+    return betweenness
+
+
+def _edge_betweenness(G, source, nodes=None, cutoff=False):
+    """Edge betweenness helper."""
+    # get the predecessor data
+    (pred, length) = nx.predecessor(G, source, cutoff=cutoff, return_seen=True)
+    # order the nodes by path length
+    onodes = [n for n, d in sorted(length.items(), key=itemgetter(1))]
+    # initialize betweenness, doesn't account for any edge weights
+    between = {}
+    for u, v in G.edges(nodes):
+        between[(u, v)] = 1.0
+        between[(v, u)] = 1.0
+
+    while onodes:  # work through all paths
+        v = onodes.pop()
+        if v in pred:
+            # Discount betweenness if more than one shortest path.
+            num_paths = len(pred[v])
+            for w in pred[v]:
+                if w in pred:
+                    # Discount betweenness, mult path
+                    num_paths = len(pred[w])
+                    for x in pred[w]:
+                        between[(w, x)] += between[(v, w)] / num_paths
+                        between[(x, w)] += between[(w, v)] / num_paths
+    return between

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/percolation.py

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+"""Percolation centrality measures."""
+
+import networkx as nx
+from networkx.algorithms.centrality.betweenness import (
+    _single_source_dijkstra_path_basic as dijkstra,
+)
+from networkx.algorithms.centrality.betweenness import (
+    _single_source_shortest_path_basic as shortest_path,
+)
+
+__all__ = ["percolation_centrality"]
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(node_attrs="attribute", edge_attrs="weight")
+def percolation_centrality(G, attribute="percolation", states=None, weight=None):
+    r"""Compute the percolation centrality for nodes.
+
+    Percolation centrality of a node $v$, at a given time, is defined
+    as the proportion of ‘percolated paths’ that go through that node.
+
+    This measure quantifies relative impact of nodes based on their
+    topological connectivity, as well as their percolation states.
+
+    Percolation states of nodes are used to depict network percolation
+    scenarios (such as during infection transmission in a social network
+    of individuals, spreading of computer viruses on computer networks, or
+    transmission of disease over a network of towns) over time. In this
+    measure usually the percolation state is expressed as a decimal
+    between 0.0 and 1.0.
+
+    When all nodes are in the same percolated state this measure is
+    equivalent to betweenness centrality.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A NetworkX graph.
+
+    attribute : None or string, optional (default='percolation')
+      Name of the node attribute to use for percolation state, used
+      if `states` is None. If a node does not set the attribute the
+      state of that node will be set to the default value of 1.
+      If all nodes do not have the attribute all nodes will be set to
+      1 and the centrality measure will be equivalent to betweenness centrality.
+
+    states : None or dict, optional (default=None)
+      Specify percolation states for the nodes, nodes as keys states
+      as values.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, all edge weights are considered equal.
+      Otherwise holds the name of the edge attribute used as weight.
+      The weight of an edge is treated as the length or distance between the two sides.
+
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    nodes : dictionary
+       Dictionary of nodes with percolation centrality as the value.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    betweenness_centrality
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    The algorithm is from Mahendra Piraveenan, Mikhail Prokopenko, and
+    Liaquat Hossain [1]_
+    Pair dependencies are calculated and accumulated using [2]_
+
+    For weighted graphs the edge weights must be greater than zero.
+    Zero edge weights can produce an infinite number of equal length
+    paths between pairs of nodes.
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Mahendra Piraveenan, Mikhail Prokopenko, Liaquat Hossain
+       Percolation Centrality: Quantifying Graph-Theoretic Impact of Nodes
+       during Percolation in Networks
+       http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0053095
+    .. [2] Ulrik Brandes:
+       A Faster Algorithm for Betweenness Centrality.
+       Journal of Mathematical Sociology 25(2):163-177, 2001.
+       https://doi.org/10.1080/0022250X.2001.9990249
+    """
+    percolation = dict.fromkeys(G, 0.0)  # b[v]=0 for v in G
+
+    nodes = G
+
+    if states is None:
+        states = nx.get_node_attributes(nodes, attribute, default=1)
+
+    # sum of all percolation states
+    p_sigma_x_t = 0.0
+    for v in states.values():
+        p_sigma_x_t += v
+
+    for s in nodes:
+        # single source shortest paths
+        if weight is None:  # use BFS
+            S, P, sigma, _ = shortest_path(G, s)
+        else:  # use Dijkstra's algorithm
+            S, P, sigma, _ = dijkstra(G, s, weight)
+        # accumulation
+        percolation = _accumulate_percolation(
+            percolation, S, P, sigma, s, states, p_sigma_x_t
+        )
+
+    n = len(G)
+
+    for v in percolation:
+        percolation[v] *= 1 / (n - 2)
+
+    return percolation
+
+
+def _accumulate_percolation(percolation, S, P, sigma, s, states, p_sigma_x_t):
+    delta = dict.fromkeys(S, 0)
+    while S:
+        w = S.pop()
+        coeff = (1 + delta[w]) / sigma[w]
+        for v in P[w]:
+            delta[v] += sigma[v] * coeff
+        if w != s:
+            # percolation weight
+            pw_s_w = states[s] / (p_sigma_x_t - states[w])
+            percolation[w] += delta[w] * pw_s_w
+    return percolation

venv/lib/python3.10/site-packages/networkx/algorithms/centrality/reaching.py

@@ -0,0 +1,206 @@
+"""Functions for computing reaching centrality of a node or a graph."""
+
+import networkx as nx
+from networkx.utils import pairwise
+
+__all__ = ["global_reaching_centrality", "local_reaching_centrality"]
+
+
+def _average_weight(G, path, weight=None):
+    """Returns the average weight of an edge in a weighted path.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : graph
+      A networkx graph.
+
+    path: list
+      A list of vertices that define the path.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+      If None, edge weights are ignored.  Then the average weight of an edge
+      is assumed to be the multiplicative inverse of the length of the path.
+      Otherwise holds the name of the edge attribute used as weight.
+    """
+    path_length = len(path) - 1
+    if path_length <= 0:
+        return 0
+    if weight is None:
+        return 1 / path_length
+    total_weight = sum(G.edges[i, j][weight] for i, j in pairwise(path))
+    return total_weight / path_length
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def global_reaching_centrality(G, weight=None, normalized=True):
+    """Returns the global reaching centrality of a directed graph.
+
+    The *global reaching centrality* of a weighted directed graph is the
+    average over all nodes of the difference between the local reaching
+    centrality of the node and the greatest local reaching centrality of
+    any node in the graph [1]_. For more information on the local
+    reaching centrality, see :func:`local_reaching_centrality`.
+    Informally, the local reaching centrality is the proportion of the
+    graph that is reachable from the neighbors of the node.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : DiGraph
+        A networkx DiGraph.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+        Attribute to use for edge weights. If ``None``, each edge weight
+        is assumed to be one. A higher weight implies a stronger
+        connection between nodes and a *shorter* path length.
+
+    normalized : bool, optional (default=True)
+        Whether to normalize the edge weights by the total sum of edge
+        weights.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    h : float
+        The global reaching centrality of the graph.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> G = nx.DiGraph()
+    >>> G.add_edge(1, 2)
+    >>> G.add_edge(1, 3)
+    >>> nx.global_reaching_centrality(G)
+    1.0
+    >>> G.add_edge(3, 2)
+    >>> nx.global_reaching_centrality(G)
+    0.75
+
+    See also
+    --------
+    local_reaching_centrality
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Mones, Enys, Lilla Vicsek, and Tamás Vicsek.
+           "Hierarchy Measure for Complex Networks."
+           *PLoS ONE* 7.3 (2012): e33799.
+           https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033799
+    """
+    if nx.is_negatively_weighted(G, weight=weight):
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("edge weights must be positive")
+    total_weight = G.size(weight=weight)
+    if total_weight <= 0:
+        raise nx.NetworkXError("Size of G must be positive")
+
+    # If provided, weights must be interpreted as connection strength
+    # (so higher weights are more likely to be chosen). However, the
+    # shortest path algorithms in NetworkX assume the provided "weight"
+    # is actually a distance (so edges with higher weight are less
+    # likely to be chosen). Therefore we need to invert the weights when
+    # computing shortest paths.
+    #
+    # If weight is None, we leave it as-is so that the shortest path
+    # algorithm can use a faster, unweighted algorithm.
+    if weight is not None:
+
+        def as_distance(u, v, d):
+            return total_weight / d.get(weight, 1)
+
+        shortest_paths = nx.shortest_path(G, weight=as_distance)
+    else:
+        shortest_paths = nx.shortest_path(G)
+
+    centrality = local_reaching_centrality
+    # TODO This can be trivially parallelized.
+    lrc = [
+        centrality(G, node, paths=paths, weight=weight, normalized=normalized)
+        for node, paths in shortest_paths.items()
+    ]
+
+    max_lrc = max(lrc)
+    return sum(max_lrc - c for c in lrc) / (len(G) - 1)
+
+
+@nx._dispatchable(edge_attrs="weight")
+def local_reaching_centrality(G, v, paths=None, weight=None, normalized=True):
+    """Returns the local reaching centrality of a node in a directed
+    graph.
+
+    The *local reaching centrality* of a node in a directed graph is the
+    proportion of other nodes reachable from that node [1]_.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    G : DiGraph
+        A NetworkX DiGraph.
+
+    v : node
+        A node in the directed graph `G`.
+
+    paths : dictionary (default=None)
+        If this is not `None` it must be a dictionary representation
+        of single-source shortest paths, as computed by, for example,
+        :func:`networkx.shortest_path` with source node `v`. Use this
+        keyword argument if you intend to invoke this function many
+        times but don't want the paths to be recomputed each time.
+
+    weight : None or string, optional (default=None)
+        Attribute to use for edge weights.  If `None`, each edge weight
+        is assumed to be one. A higher weight implies a stronger
+        connection between nodes and a *shorter* path length.
+
+    normalized : bool, optional (default=True)
+        Whether to normalize the edge weights by the total sum of edge
+        weights.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    h : float
+        The local reaching centrality of the node ``v`` in the graph
+        ``G``.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> G = nx.DiGraph()
+    >>> G.add_edges_from([(1, 2), (1, 3)])
+    >>> nx.local_reaching_centrality(G, 3)
+    0.0
+    >>> G.add_edge(3, 2)
+    >>> nx.local_reaching_centrality(G, 3)
+    0.5
+
+    See also
+    --------
+    global_reaching_centrality
+
+    References
+    ----------
+    .. [1] Mones, Enys, Lilla Vicsek, and Tamás Vicsek.
+           "Hierarchy Measure for Complex Networks."
+           *PLoS ONE* 7.3 (2012): e33799.
+           https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0033799
+    """
+    if paths is None:
+        if nx.is_negatively_weighted(G, weight=weight):
+            raise nx.NetworkXError("edge weights must be positive")
+        total_weight = G.size(weight=weight)
+        if total_weight <= 0:
+            raise nx.NetworkXError("Size of G must be positive")
+        if weight is not None:
+            # Interpret weights as lengths.
+            def as_distance(u, v, d):
+                return total_weight / d.get(weight, 1)
+
+            paths = nx.shortest_path(G, source=v, weight=as_distance)
+        else:
+            paths = nx.shortest_path(G, source=v)
+    # If the graph is unweighted, simply return the proportion of nodes
+    # reachable from the source node ``v``.
+    if weight is None and G.is_directed():
+        return (len(paths) - 1) / (len(G) - 1)
+    if normalized and weight is not None:
+        norm = G.size(weight=weight) / G.size()
+    else:
+        norm = 1
+    # TODO This can be trivially parallelized.
+    avgw = (_average_weight(G, path, weight=weight) for path in paths.values())
+    sum_avg_weight = sum(avgw) / norm
+    return sum_avg_weight / (len(G) - 1)