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llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER

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+pip

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE

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+Copyright (c) 2012 Erik Rose
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies
+of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do
+so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
+AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/METADATA

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+Metadata-Version: 2.1
+Name: more-itertools
+Version: 10.2.0
+Summary: More routines for operating on iterables, beyond itertools
+Keywords: itertools,iterator,iteration,filter,peek,peekable,chunk,chunked
+Author-email: Erik Rose <[email protected]>
+Requires-Python: >=3.8
+Description-Content-Type: text/x-rst
+Classifier: Development Status :: 5 - Production/Stable
+Classifier: Intended Audience :: Developers
+Classifier: Natural Language :: English
+Classifier: License :: OSI Approved :: MIT License
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.9
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.10
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.11
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3.12
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython
+Classifier: Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy
+Classifier: Topic :: Software Development :: Libraries
+Project-URL: Homepage, https://github.com/more-itertools/more-itertools
+
+==============
+More Itertools
+==============
+
+.. image:: https://readthedocs.org/projects/more-itertools/badge/?version=latest
+  :target: https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/
+
+Python's ``itertools`` library is a gem - you can compose elegant solutions
+for a variety of problems with the functions it provides. In ``more-itertools``
+we collect additional building blocks, recipes, and routines for working with
+Python iterables.
+
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Grouping               | `chunked <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.chunked>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `ichunked <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.ichunked>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `chunked_even <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.chunked_even>`_,                                                                     |
+|                        | `sliced <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sliced>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `constrained_batches <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.constrained_batches>`_,                                                       |
+|                        | `distribute <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.distribute>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `divide <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.divide>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `split_at <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.split_at>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `split_before <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.split_before>`_,                                                                     |
+|                        | `split_after <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.split_after>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `split_into <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.split_into>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `split_when <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.split_when>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `bucket <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.bucket>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `unzip <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.unzip>`_,                                                                                   |
+|                        | `batched <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.batched>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `grouper <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.grouper>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `partition <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.partition>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `transpose <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.transpose>`_                                                                            |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Lookahead and lookback | `spy <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.spy>`_,                                                                                       |
+|                        | `peekable <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.peekable>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `seekable <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.seekable>`_                                                                              |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Windowing              | `windowed <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.windowed>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `substrings <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.substrings>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `substrings_indexes <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.substrings_indexes>`_,                                                         |
+|                        | `stagger <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.stagger>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `windowed_complete <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.windowed_complete>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `pairwise <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.pairwise>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `triplewise <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.triplewise>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `sliding_window <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sliding_window>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `subslices <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.subslices>`_                                                                            |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Augmenting             | `count_cycle <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.count_cycle>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `intersperse <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.intersperse>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `padded <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.padded>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `repeat_each <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.repeat_each>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `mark_ends <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.mark_ends>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `repeat_last <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.repeat_last>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `adjacent <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.adjacent>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `groupby_transform <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.groupby_transform>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `pad_none <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.pad_none>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `ncycles <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.ncycles>`_                                                                                |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Combining              | `collapse <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.collapse>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `sort_together <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sort_together>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `interleave <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.interleave>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `interleave_longest <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.interleave_longest>`_,                                                         |
+|                        | `interleave_evenly <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.interleave_evenly>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `zip_offset <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.zip_offset>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `zip_equal <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.zip_equal>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `zip_broadcast <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.zip_broadcast>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `dotproduct <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.dotproduct>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `convolve <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.convolve>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `flatten <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.flatten>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `roundrobin <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.roundrobin>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `prepend <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.prepend>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `value_chain <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.value_chain>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `partial_product <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.partial_product>`_                                                                |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Summarizing            | `ilen <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.ilen>`_,                                                                                     |
+|                        | `unique_to_each <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.unique_to_each>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `sample <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sample>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `consecutive_groups <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.consecutive_groups>`_,                                                         |
+|                        | `run_length <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.run_length>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `map_reduce <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.map_reduce>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `exactly_n <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.exactly_n>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `is_sorted <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.is_sorted>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `all_equal <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.all_equal>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `all_unique <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.all_unique>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `minmax <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.minmax>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `first_true <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.first_true>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `quantify <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.quantify>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `iequals <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.iequals>`_                                                                                |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Selecting              | `islice_extended <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.islice_extended>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `first <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.first>`_,                                                                                   |
+|                        | `last <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.last>`_,                                                                                     |
+|                        | `one <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.one>`_,                                                                                       |
+|                        | `only <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.only>`_,                                                                                     |
+|                        | `strictly_n <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.strictly_n>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `strip <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.strip>`_,                                                                                   |
+|                        | `lstrip <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.lstrip>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `rstrip <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.rstrip>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `filter_except <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.filter_except>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `map_except <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.map_except>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `filter_map <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.filter_map>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `iter_suppress <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.iter_suppress>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `nth_or_last <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth_or_last>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `unique_in_window <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.unique_in_window>`_,                                                             |
+|                        | `before_and_after <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.before_and_after>`_,                                                             |
+|                        | `nth <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth>`_,                                                                                       |
+|                        | `take <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.take>`_,                                                                                     |
+|                        | `tail <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.tail>`_,                                                                                     |
+|                        | `unique_everseen <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.unique_everseen>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `unique_justseen <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.unique_justseen>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `duplicates_everseen <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.duplicates_everseen>`_,                                                       |
+|                        | `duplicates_justseen <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.duplicates_justseen>`_,                                                       |
+|                        | `classify_unique <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.classify_unique>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `longest_common_prefix <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.longest_common_prefix>`_,                                                   |
+|                        | `takewhile_inclusive <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.takewhile_inclusive>`_                                                        |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Combinatorics          | `distinct_permutations <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.distinct_permutations>`_,                                                   |
+|                        | `distinct_combinations <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.distinct_combinations>`_,                                                   |
+|                        | `circular_shifts <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.circular_shifts>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `partitions <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.partitions>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `set_partitions <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.set_partitions>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `product_index <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.product_index>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `combination_index <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.combination_index>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `permutation_index <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.permutation_index>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `combination_with_replacement_index <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.combination_with_replacement_index>`_,                         |
+|                        | `gray_product  <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.gray_product>`_,                                                                    |
+|                        | `outer_product  <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.outer_product>`_,                                                                  |
+|                        | `powerset <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.powerset>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `random_product <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.random_product>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `random_permutation <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.random_permutation>`_,                                                         |
+|                        | `random_combination <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.random_combination>`_,                                                         |
+|                        | `random_combination_with_replacement <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.random_combination_with_replacement>`_,                       |
+|                        | `nth_product <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth_product>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `nth_permutation <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth_permutation>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `nth_combination <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth_combination>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `nth_combination_with_replacement <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.nth_combination_with_replacement>`_                              |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Wrapping               | `always_iterable <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.always_iterable>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `always_reversible <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.always_reversible>`_,                                                           |
+|                        | `countable <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.countable>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `consumer <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.consumer>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `with_iter <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.with_iter>`_,                                                                           |
+|                        | `iter_except <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.iter_except>`_                                                                        |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+| Others                 | `locate <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.locate>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `rlocate <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.rlocate>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `replace <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.replace>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `numeric_range <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.numeric_range>`_,                                                                   |
+|                        | `side_effect <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.side_effect>`_,                                                                       |
+|                        | `iterate <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.iterate>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `difference <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.difference>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `make_decorator <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.make_decorator>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `SequenceView <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.SequenceView>`_,                                                                     |
+|                        | `time_limited <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.time_limited>`_,                                                                     |
+|                        | `map_if <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.map_if>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `iter_index <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.iter_index>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `consume <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.consume>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `tabulate <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.tabulate>`_,                                                                             |
+|                        | `repeatfunc <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.repeatfunc>`_,                                                                         |
+|                        | `polynomial_from_roots <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.polynomial_from_roots>`_,                                                   |
+|                        | `polynomial_eval <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.polynomial_eval>`_,                                                               |
+|                        | `polynomial_derivative <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.polynomial_derivative>`_,                                                   |
+|                        | `sieve <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sieve>`_,                                                                                   |
+|                        | `factor <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.factor>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `matmul <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.matmul>`_,                                                                                 |
+|                        | `sum_of_squares <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.sum_of_squares>`_,                                                                 |
+|                        | `totient <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.totient>`_,                                                                               |
+|                        | `reshape <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html#more_itertools.reshape>`_                                                                                |
++------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
+
+
+Getting started
+===============
+
+To get started, install the library with `pip <https://pip.pypa.io/en/stable/>`_:
+
+.. code-block:: shell
+
+    pip install more-itertools
+
+The recipes from the `itertools docs <https://docs.python.org/3/library/itertools.html#itertools-recipes>`_
+are included in the top-level package:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> from more_itertools import flatten
+    >>> iterable = [(0, 1), (2, 3)]
+    >>> list(flatten(iterable))
+    [0, 1, 2, 3]
+
+Several new recipes are available as well:
+
+.. code-block:: python
+
+    >>> from more_itertools import chunked
+    >>> iterable = [0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]
+    >>> list(chunked(iterable, 3))
+    [[0, 1, 2], [3, 4, 5], [6, 7, 8]]
+
+    >>> from more_itertools import spy
+    >>> iterable = (x * x for x in range(1, 6))
+    >>> head, iterable = spy(iterable, n=3)
+    >>> list(head)
+    [1, 4, 9]
+    >>> list(iterable)
+    [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
+
+
+
+For the full listing of functions, see the `API documentation <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/api.html>`_.
+
+
+Links elsewhere
+===============
+
+Blog posts about ``more-itertools``:
+
+* `Yo, I heard you like decorators <https://www.bbayles.com/index/decorator_factory>`__
+* `Tour of Python Itertools <https://martinheinz.dev/blog/16>`__ (`Alternate <https://dev.to/martinheinz/tour-of-python-itertools-4122>`__)
+* `Real-World Python More Itertools <https://www.gidware.com/real-world-more-itertools/>`_
+
+
+Development
+===========
+
+``more-itertools`` is maintained by `@erikrose <https://github.com/erikrose>`_
+and `@bbayles <https://github.com/bbayles>`_, with help from `many others <https://github.com/more-itertools/more-itertools/graphs/contributors>`_.
+If you have a problem or suggestion, please file a bug or pull request in this
+repository. Thanks for contributing!
+
+
+Version History
+===============
+
+The version history can be found in `documentation <https://more-itertools.readthedocs.io/en/stable/versions.html>`_.
+

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/RECORD

@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/INSTALLER,sha256=zuuue4knoyJ-UwPPXg8fezS7VCrXJQrAP7zeNuwvFQg,4
+more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/LICENSE,sha256=CfHIyelBrz5YTVlkHqm4fYPAyw_QB-te85Gn4mQ8GkY,1053
+more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/METADATA,sha256=lTIPxfD4IiP6aHzPjP4dXmzRRUmiXicAB6qnY82T-Gs,34886
+more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/RECORD,,
+more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL,sha256=rSgq_JpHF9fHR1lx53qwg_1-2LypZE_qmcuXbVUq948,81
+more_itertools/__init__.py,sha256=VodgFyRJvpnHbAMgseYRiP7r928FFOAakmQrl6J88os,149
+more_itertools/__init__.pyi,sha256=5B3eTzON1BBuOLob1vCflyEb2lSd6usXQQ-Cv-hXkeA,43
+more_itertools/__pycache__/__init__.cpython-310.pyc,,
+more_itertools/__pycache__/more.cpython-310.pyc,,
+more_itertools/__pycache__/recipes.cpython-310.pyc,,
+more_itertools/more.py,sha256=jYdpbgXHf8yZDByPrhluxpe0D_IXRk2tfQnyfOFMi74,143045
+more_itertools/more.pyi,sha256=KTHYeqr0rFbn1GWRnv0jY64JRNnKKT0kA3kmsah8DYQ,21044
+more_itertools/py.typed,sha256=47DEQpj8HBSa-_TImW-5JCeuQeRkm5NMpJWZG3hSuFU,0
+more_itertools/recipes.py,sha256=Rb3OhzJTCn2biutDEUSImbuY-8NDS1lkHt0My-uCOf4,27548
+more_itertools/recipes.pyi,sha256=T1IuEVXCqw2NeJJNW036MtWi8BVfR8Ilpf7cBmvhBaQ,4436

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/more_itertools-10.2.0.dist-info/WHEEL

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Wheel-Version: 1.0
+Generator: flit 3.8.0
+Root-Is-Purelib: true
+Tag: py3-none-any

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/__config__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
+# This file is generated by numpy's build process
+# It contains system_info results at the time of building this package.
+from enum import Enum
+from numpy.core._multiarray_umath import (
+    __cpu_features__,
+    __cpu_baseline__,
+    __cpu_dispatch__,
+)
+
+__all__ = ["show"]
+_built_with_meson = True
+
+
+class DisplayModes(Enum):
+    stdout = "stdout"
+    dicts = "dicts"
+
+
+def _cleanup(d):
+    """
+    Removes empty values in a `dict` recursively
+    This ensures we remove values that Meson could not provide to CONFIG
+    """
+    if isinstance(d, dict):
+        return {k: _cleanup(v) for k, v in d.items() if v and _cleanup(v)}
+    else:
+        return d
+
+
+CONFIG = _cleanup(
+    {
+        "Compilers": {
+            "c": {
+                "name": "gcc",
+                "linker": r"ld.bfd",
+                "version": "10.2.1",
+                "commands": r"cc",
+                "args": r"-fno-strict-aliasing",
+                "linker args": r"-Wl,--strip-debug, -fno-strict-aliasing",
+            },
+            "cython": {
+                "name": "cython",
+                "linker": r"cython",
+                "version": "3.0.8",
+                "commands": r"cython",
+                "args": r"",
+                "linker args": r"",
+            },
+            "c++": {
+                "name": "gcc",
+                "linker": r"ld.bfd",
+                "version": "10.2.1",
+                "commands": r"c++",
+                "args": r"",
+                "linker args": r"-Wl,--strip-debug",
+            },
+        },
+        "Machine Information": {
+            "host": {
+                "cpu": "x86_64",
+                "family": "x86_64",
+                "endian": "little",
+                "system": "linux",
+            },
+            "build": {
+                "cpu": "x86_64",
+                "family": "x86_64",
+                "endian": "little",
+                "system": "linux",
+            },
+            "cross-compiled": bool("False".lower().replace("false", "")),
+        },
+        "Build Dependencies": {
+            "blas": {
+                "name": "openblas64",
+                "found": bool("True".lower().replace("false", "")),
+                "version": "0.3.23.dev",
+                "detection method": "pkgconfig",
+                "include directory": r"/usr/local/include",
+                "lib directory": r"/usr/local/lib",
+                "openblas configuration": r"USE_64BITINT=1 DYNAMIC_ARCH=1 DYNAMIC_OLDER= NO_CBLAS= NO_LAPACK= NO_LAPACKE= NO_AFFINITY=1 USE_OPENMP= HASWELL MAX_THREADS=2",
+                "pc file directory": r"/usr/local/lib/pkgconfig",
+            },
+            "lapack": {
+                "name": "dep139863411681952",
+                "found": bool("True".lower().replace("false", "")),
+                "version": "1.26.4",
+                "detection method": "internal",
+                "include directory": r"unknown",
+                "lib directory": r"unknown",
+                "openblas configuration": r"unknown",
+                "pc file directory": r"unknown",
+            },
+        },
+        "Python Information": {
+            "path": r"/opt/python/cp310-cp310/bin/python",
+            "version": "3.10",
+        },
+        "SIMD Extensions": {
+            "baseline": __cpu_baseline__,
+            "found": [
+                feature for feature in __cpu_dispatch__ if __cpu_features__[feature]
+            ],
+            "not found": [
+                feature for feature in __cpu_dispatch__ if not __cpu_features__[feature]
+            ],
+        },
+    }
+)
+
+
+def _check_pyyaml():
+    import yaml
+
+    return yaml
+
+
+def show(mode=DisplayModes.stdout.value):
+    """
+    Show libraries and system information on which NumPy was built
+    and is being used
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    mode : {`'stdout'`, `'dicts'`}, optional.
+        Indicates how to display the config information.
+        `'stdout'` prints to console, `'dicts'` returns a dictionary
+        of the configuration.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : {`dict`, `None`}
+        If mode is `'dicts'`, a dict is returned, else None
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    get_include : Returns the directory containing NumPy C
+                  header files.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    1. The `'stdout'` mode will give more readable
+       output if ``pyyaml`` is installed
+
+    """
+    if mode == DisplayModes.stdout.value:
+        try:  # Non-standard library, check import
+            yaml = _check_pyyaml()
+
+            print(yaml.dump(CONFIG))
+        except ModuleNotFoundError:
+            import warnings
+            import json
+
+            warnings.warn("Install `pyyaml` for better output", stacklevel=1)
+            print(json.dumps(CONFIG, indent=2))
+    elif mode == DisplayModes.dicts.value:
+        return CONFIG
+    else:
+        raise AttributeError(
+            f"Invalid `mode`, use one of: {', '.join([e.value for e in DisplayModes])}"
+        )

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,1050 @@
+# NumPy static imports for Cython >= 3.0
+#
+# If any of the PyArray_* functions are called, import_array must be
+# called first.  This is done automatically by Cython 3.0+ if a call
+# is not detected inside of the module.
+#
+# Author: Dag Sverre Seljebotn
+#
+
+from cpython.ref cimport Py_INCREF
+from cpython.object cimport PyObject, PyTypeObject, PyObject_TypeCheck
+cimport libc.stdio as stdio
+
+
+cdef extern from *:
+    # Leave a marker that the NumPy declarations came from NumPy itself and not from Cython.
+    # See https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/3573
+    """
+    /* Using NumPy API declarations from "numpy/__init__.cython-30.pxd" */
+    """
+
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef int Py_intptr_t
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
+    ctypedef Py_intptr_t npy_intp
+    ctypedef size_t npy_uintp
+
+    cdef enum NPY_TYPES:
+        NPY_BOOL
+        NPY_BYTE
+        NPY_UBYTE
+        NPY_SHORT
+        NPY_USHORT
+        NPY_INT
+        NPY_UINT
+        NPY_LONG
+        NPY_ULONG
+        NPY_LONGLONG
+        NPY_ULONGLONG
+        NPY_FLOAT
+        NPY_DOUBLE
+        NPY_LONGDOUBLE
+        NPY_CFLOAT
+        NPY_CDOUBLE
+        NPY_CLONGDOUBLE
+        NPY_OBJECT
+        NPY_STRING
+        NPY_UNICODE
+        NPY_VOID
+        NPY_DATETIME
+        NPY_TIMEDELTA
+        NPY_NTYPES
+        NPY_NOTYPE
+
+        NPY_INT8
+        NPY_INT16
+        NPY_INT32
+        NPY_INT64
+        NPY_INT128
+        NPY_INT256
+        NPY_UINT8
+        NPY_UINT16
+        NPY_UINT32
+        NPY_UINT64
+        NPY_UINT128
+        NPY_UINT256
+        NPY_FLOAT16
+        NPY_FLOAT32
+        NPY_FLOAT64
+        NPY_FLOAT80
+        NPY_FLOAT96
+        NPY_FLOAT128
+        NPY_FLOAT256
+        NPY_COMPLEX32
+        NPY_COMPLEX64
+        NPY_COMPLEX128
+        NPY_COMPLEX160
+        NPY_COMPLEX192
+        NPY_COMPLEX256
+        NPY_COMPLEX512
+
+        NPY_INTP
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_ORDER:
+        NPY_ANYORDER
+        NPY_CORDER
+        NPY_FORTRANORDER
+        NPY_KEEPORDER
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_CASTING:
+        NPY_NO_CASTING
+        NPY_EQUIV_CASTING
+        NPY_SAFE_CASTING
+        NPY_SAME_KIND_CASTING
+        NPY_UNSAFE_CASTING
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_CLIPMODE:
+        NPY_CLIP
+        NPY_WRAP
+        NPY_RAISE
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SCALARKIND:
+        NPY_NOSCALAR,
+        NPY_BOOL_SCALAR,
+        NPY_INTPOS_SCALAR,
+        NPY_INTNEG_SCALAR,
+        NPY_FLOAT_SCALAR,
+        NPY_COMPLEX_SCALAR,
+        NPY_OBJECT_SCALAR
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SORTKIND:
+        NPY_QUICKSORT
+        NPY_HEAPSORT
+        NPY_MERGESORT
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SEARCHSIDE:
+        NPY_SEARCHLEFT
+        NPY_SEARCHRIGHT
+
+    enum:
+        # DEPRECATED since NumPy 1.7 ! Do not use in new code!
+        NPY_C_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_F_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_FORTRAN
+        NPY_OWNDATA
+        NPY_FORCECAST
+        NPY_ENSURECOPY
+        NPY_ENSUREARRAY
+        NPY_ELEMENTSTRIDES
+        NPY_ALIGNED
+        NPY_NOTSWAPPED
+        NPY_WRITEABLE
+        NPY_ARR_HAS_DESCR
+
+        NPY_BEHAVED
+        NPY_BEHAVED_NS
+        NPY_CARRAY
+        NPY_CARRAY_RO
+        NPY_FARRAY
+        NPY_FARRAY_RO
+        NPY_DEFAULT
+
+        NPY_IN_ARRAY
+        NPY_OUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_INOUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_IN_FARRAY
+        NPY_OUT_FARRAY
+        NPY_INOUT_FARRAY
+
+        NPY_UPDATE_ALL
+
+    enum:
+        # Added in NumPy 1.7 to replace the deprecated enums above.
+        NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_ARRAY_OWNDATA
+        NPY_ARRAY_FORCECAST
+        NPY_ARRAY_ENSURECOPY
+        NPY_ARRAY_ENSUREARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_ELEMENTSTRIDES
+        NPY_ARRAY_ALIGNED
+        NPY_ARRAY_NOTSWAPPED
+        NPY_ARRAY_WRITEABLE
+        NPY_ARRAY_WRITEBACKIFCOPY
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_BEHAVED
+        NPY_ARRAY_BEHAVED_NS
+        NPY_ARRAY_CARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_CARRAY_RO
+        NPY_ARRAY_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_FARRAY_RO
+        NPY_ARRAY_DEFAULT
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_IN_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_OUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_INOUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_IN_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_OUT_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_INOUT_FARRAY
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_UPDATE_ALL
+
+    cdef enum:
+        NPY_MAXDIMS
+
+    npy_intp NPY_MAX_ELSIZE
+
+    ctypedef void (*PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc)(void *, void *, npy_intp, void *,  void *)
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_ArrayDescr:
+        # shape is a tuple, but Cython doesn't support "tuple shape"
+        # inside a non-PyObject declaration, so we have to declare it
+        # as just a PyObject*.
+        PyObject* shape
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_Descr:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.dtype [object PyArray_Descr, check_size ignore]:
+        # Use PyDataType_* macros when possible, however there are no macros
+        # for accessing some of the fields, so some are defined.
+        cdef PyTypeObject* typeobj
+        cdef char kind
+        cdef char type
+        # Numpy sometimes mutates this without warning (e.g. it'll
+        # sometimes change "|" to "<" in shared dtype objects on
+        # little-endian machines). If this matters to you, use
+        # PyArray_IsNativeByteOrder(dtype.byteorder) instead of
+        # directly accessing this field.
+        cdef char byteorder
+        cdef char flags
+        cdef int type_num
+        cdef int itemsize "elsize"
+        cdef int alignment
+        cdef object fields
+        cdef tuple names
+        # Use PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY to test whether this field is
+        # valid (the pointer can be NULL). Most users should access
+        # this field via the inline helper method PyDataType_SHAPE.
+        cdef PyArray_ArrayDescr* subarray
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.flatiter [object PyArrayIterObject, check_size ignore]:
+        # Use through macros
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.broadcast [object PyArrayMultiIterObject, check_size ignore]:
+        # Use through macros
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArrayObject:
+        # For use in situations where ndarray can't replace PyArrayObject*,
+        # like PyArrayObject**.
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.ndarray [object PyArrayObject, check_size ignore]:
+        cdef __cythonbufferdefaults__ = {"mode": "strided"}
+
+        # NOTE: no field declarations since direct access is deprecated since NumPy 1.7
+        # Instead, we use properties that map to the corresponding C-API functions.
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline PyObject* base(self) nogil:
+            """Returns a borrowed reference to the object owning the data/memory.
+            """
+            return PyArray_BASE(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline dtype descr(self):
+            """Returns an owned reference to the dtype of the array.
+            """
+            return <dtype>PyArray_DESCR(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline int ndim(self) nogil:
+            """Returns the number of dimensions in the array.
+            """
+            return PyArray_NDIM(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline npy_intp *shape(self) nogil:
+            """Returns a pointer to the dimensions/shape of the array.
+            The number of elements matches the number of dimensions of the array (ndim).
+            Can return NULL for 0-dimensional arrays.
+            """
+            return PyArray_DIMS(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline npy_intp *strides(self) nogil:
+            """Returns a pointer to the strides of the array.
+            The number of elements matches the number of dimensions of the array (ndim).
+            """
+            return PyArray_STRIDES(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline npy_intp size(self) nogil:
+            """Returns the total size (in number of elements) of the array.
+            """
+            return PyArray_SIZE(self)
+
+        @property
+        cdef inline char* data(self) nogil:
+            """The pointer to the data buffer as a char*.
+            This is provided for legacy reasons to avoid direct struct field access.
+            For new code that needs this access, you probably want to cast the result
+            of `PyArray_DATA()` instead, which returns a 'void*'.
+            """
+            return PyArray_BYTES(self)
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_bool
+
+    ctypedef signed char      npy_byte
+    ctypedef signed short     npy_short
+    ctypedef signed int       npy_int
+    ctypedef signed long      npy_long
+    ctypedef signed long long npy_longlong
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_ubyte
+    ctypedef unsigned short     npy_ushort
+    ctypedef unsigned int       npy_uint
+    ctypedef unsigned long      npy_ulong
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_ulonglong
+
+    ctypedef float        npy_float
+    ctypedef double       npy_double
+    ctypedef long double  npy_longdouble
+
+    ctypedef signed char        npy_int8
+    ctypedef signed short       npy_int16
+    ctypedef signed int         npy_int32
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int64
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int96
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int128
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_uint8
+    ctypedef unsigned short     npy_uint16
+    ctypedef unsigned int       npy_uint32
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint64
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint96
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint128
+
+    ctypedef float        npy_float32
+    ctypedef double       npy_float64
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float80
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float96
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float128
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_cfloat:
+        float real
+        float imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_cdouble:
+        double real
+        double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_clongdouble:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex64:
+        float real
+        float imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex128:
+        double real
+        double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex160:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex192:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex256:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_Dims:
+        npy_intp *ptr
+        int len
+
+    int _import_array() except -1
+    # A second definition so _import_array isn't marked as used when we use it here.
+    # Do not use - subject to change any time.
+    int __pyx_import_array "_import_array"() except -1
+
+    #
+    # Macros from ndarrayobject.h
+    #
+    bint PyArray_CHKFLAGS(ndarray m, int flags) nogil
+    bint PyArray_IS_C_CONTIGUOUS(ndarray arr) nogil
+    bint PyArray_IS_F_CONTIGUOUS(ndarray arr) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCONTIGUOUS(ndarray m) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISWRITEABLE(ndarray m) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISALIGNED(ndarray m) nogil
+
+    int PyArray_NDIM(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISONESEGMENT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFORTRAN(ndarray) nogil
+    int PyArray_FORTRANIF(ndarray) nogil
+
+    void* PyArray_DATA(ndarray) nogil
+    char* PyArray_BYTES(ndarray) nogil
+
+    npy_intp* PyArray_DIMS(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp* PyArray_STRIDES(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_DIM(ndarray, size_t) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_STRIDE(ndarray, size_t) nogil
+
+    PyObject *PyArray_BASE(ndarray) nogil  # returns borrowed reference!
+    PyArray_Descr *PyArray_DESCR(ndarray) nogil  # returns borrowed reference to dtype!
+    PyArray_Descr *PyArray_DTYPE(ndarray) nogil  # returns borrowed reference to dtype! NP 1.7+ alias for descr.
+    int PyArray_FLAGS(ndarray) nogil
+    void PyArray_CLEARFLAGS(ndarray, int flags) nogil  # Added in NumPy 1.7
+    void PyArray_ENABLEFLAGS(ndarray, int flags) nogil  # Added in NumPy 1.7
+    npy_intp PyArray_ITEMSIZE(ndarray) nogil
+    int PyArray_TYPE(ndarray arr) nogil
+
+    object PyArray_GETITEM(ndarray arr, void *itemptr)
+    int PyArray_SETITEM(ndarray arr, void *itemptr, object obj) except -1
+
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISBOOL(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISUNSIGNED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISSIGNED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISINTEGER(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISFLOAT(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISNUMBER(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISSTRING(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISCOMPLEX(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISPYTHON(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISFLEXIBLE(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISUSERDEF(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISEXTENDED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISOBJECT(int) nogil
+
+    bint PyDataType_ISBOOL(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISUNSIGNED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISSIGNED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISINTEGER(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISFLOAT(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISNUMBER(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISSTRING(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISCOMPLEX(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISPYTHON(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISFLEXIBLE(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISUSERDEF(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISEXTENDED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISOBJECT(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_HASFIELDS(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY(dtype) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISBOOL(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISUNSIGNED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISSIGNED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISINTEGER(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFLOAT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISNUMBER(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISSTRING(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCOMPLEX(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISPYTHON(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFLEXIBLE(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISUSERDEF(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISEXTENDED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISOBJECT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_HASFIELDS(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISVARIABLE(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_SAFEALIGNEDCOPY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISNBO(char) nogil              # works on ndarray.byteorder
+    bint PyArray_IsNativeByteOrder(char) nogil # works on ndarray.byteorder
+    bint PyArray_ISNOTSWAPPED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBYTESWAPPED(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_FLAGSWAP(ndarray, int) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISCARRAY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCARRAY_RO(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFARRAY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFARRAY_RO(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBEHAVED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBEHAVED_RO(ndarray) nogil
+
+
+    bint PyDataType_ISNOTSWAPPED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISBYTESWAPPED(dtype) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_DescrCheck(object)
+
+    bint PyArray_Check(object)
+    bint PyArray_CheckExact(object)
+
+    # Cannot be supported due to out arg:
+    # bint PyArray_HasArrayInterfaceType(object, dtype, object, object&)
+    # bint PyArray_HasArrayInterface(op, out)
+
+
+    bint PyArray_IsZeroDim(object)
+    # Cannot be supported due to ## ## in macro:
+    # bint PyArray_IsScalar(object, verbatim work)
+    bint PyArray_CheckScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsPythonNumber(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsPythonScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsAnyScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_CheckAnyScalar(object)
+
+    ndarray PyArray_GETCONTIGUOUS(ndarray)
+    bint PyArray_SAMESHAPE(ndarray, ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_SIZE(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_NBYTES(ndarray) nogil
+
+    object PyArray_FROM_O(object)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OF(object m, int flags)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OT(object m, int type)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OTF(object m, int type, int flags)
+    object PyArray_FROMANY(object m, int type, int min, int max, int flags)
+    object PyArray_ZEROS(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int type, int fortran)
+    object PyArray_EMPTY(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int type, int fortran)
+    void PyArray_FILLWBYTE(object, int val)
+    npy_intp PyArray_REFCOUNT(object)
+    object PyArray_ContiguousFromAny(op, int, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivArrTypes(ndarray a1, ndarray a2)
+    bint PyArray_EquivByteorders(int b1, int b2) nogil
+    object PyArray_SimpleNew(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int typenum)
+    object PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int typenum, void* data)
+    #object PyArray_SimpleNewFromDescr(int nd, npy_intp* dims, dtype descr)
+    object PyArray_ToScalar(void* data, ndarray arr)
+
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR1(ndarray m, npy_intp i) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR2(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR3(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j, npy_intp k) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR4(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j, npy_intp k, npy_intp l) nogil
+
+    # Cannot be supported due to out arg
+    # void PyArray_DESCR_REPLACE(descr)
+
+
+    object PyArray_Copy(ndarray)
+    object PyArray_FromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    object PyArray_ContiguousFromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    object PyArray_CopyFromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+
+    object PyArray_Cast(ndarray mp, int type_num)
+    object PyArray_Take(ndarray ap, object items, int axis)
+    object PyArray_Put(ndarray ap, object items, object values)
+
+    void PyArray_ITER_RESET(flatiter it) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_NEXT(flatiter it) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_GOTO(flatiter it, npy_intp* destination) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_GOTO1D(flatiter it, npy_intp ind) nogil
+    void* PyArray_ITER_DATA(flatiter it) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ITER_NOTDONE(flatiter it) nogil
+
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_RESET(broadcast multi) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_NEXT(broadcast multi) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_GOTO(broadcast multi, npy_intp dest) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_GOTO1D(broadcast multi, npy_intp ind) nogil
+    void* PyArray_MultiIter_DATA(broadcast multi, npy_intp i) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_NEXTi(broadcast multi, npy_intp i) nogil
+    bint PyArray_MultiIter_NOTDONE(broadcast multi) nogil
+
+    # Functions from __multiarray_api.h
+
+    # Functions taking dtype and returning object/ndarray are disabled
+    # for now as they steal dtype references. I'm conservative and disable
+    # more than is probably needed until it can be checked further.
+    int PyArray_SetNumericOps (object) except -1
+    object PyArray_GetNumericOps ()
+    int PyArray_INCREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_INCREF...
+    int PyArray_XDECREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_DECREF...
+    void PyArray_SetStringFunction (object, int)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromType (int)
+    object PyArray_TypeObjectFromType (int)
+    char * PyArray_Zero (ndarray)
+    char * PyArray_One (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_CastToType (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    int PyArray_CastTo (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CastAnyTo (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CanCastSafely (int, int)  # writes errors
+    npy_bool PyArray_CanCastTo (dtype, dtype)  # writes errors
+    int PyArray_ObjectType (object, int) except 0
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromObject (object, dtype)
+    #ndarray* PyArray_ConvertToCommonType (object, int *)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromScalar (object)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromTypeObject (object)
+    npy_intp PyArray_Size (object)
+    #object PyArray_Scalar (void *, dtype, object)
+    #object PyArray_FromScalar (object, dtype)
+    void PyArray_ScalarAsCtype (object, void *)
+    #int PyArray_CastScalarToCtype (object, void *, dtype)
+    #int PyArray_CastScalarDirect (object, dtype, void *, int)
+    object PyArray_ScalarFromObject (object)
+    #PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc * PyArray_GetCastFunc (dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_FromDims (int, int *, int)
+    #object PyArray_FromDimsAndDataAndDescr (int, int *, dtype, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromAny (object, dtype, int, int, int, object)
+    object PyArray_EnsureArray (object)
+    object PyArray_EnsureAnyArray (object)
+    #object PyArray_FromFile (stdio.FILE *, dtype, npy_intp, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromString (char *, npy_intp, dtype, npy_intp, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromBuffer (object, dtype, npy_intp, npy_intp)
+    #object PyArray_FromIter (object, dtype, npy_intp)
+    object PyArray_Return (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_GetField (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    #int PyArray_SetField (ndarray, dtype, int, object) except -1
+    object PyArray_Byteswap (ndarray, npy_bool)
+    object PyArray_Resize (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *, int, NPY_ORDER)
+    int PyArray_MoveInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyAnyInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyObject (ndarray, object) except -1
+    object PyArray_NewCopy (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_ToList (ndarray)
+    object PyArray_ToString (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    int PyArray_ToFile (ndarray, stdio.FILE *, char *, char *) except -1
+    int PyArray_Dump (object, object, int) except -1
+    object PyArray_Dumps (object, int)
+    int PyArray_ValidType (int)  # Cannot error
+    void PyArray_UpdateFlags (ndarray, int)
+    object PyArray_New (type, int, npy_intp *, int, npy_intp *, void *, int, int, object)
+    #object PyArray_NewFromDescr (type, dtype, int, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *, int, object)
+    #dtype PyArray_DescrNew (dtype)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrNewFromType (int)
+    double PyArray_GetPriority (object, double)  # clears errors as of 1.25
+    object PyArray_IterNew (object)
+    object PyArray_MultiIterNew (int, ...)
+
+    int PyArray_PyIntAsInt (object) except? -1
+    npy_intp PyArray_PyIntAsIntp (object)
+    int PyArray_Broadcast (broadcast) except -1
+    void PyArray_FillObjectArray (ndarray, object) except *
+    int PyArray_FillWithScalar (ndarray, object) except -1
+    npy_bool PyArray_CheckStrides (int, int, npy_intp, npy_intp, npy_intp *, npy_intp *)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrNewByteorder (dtype, char)
+    object PyArray_IterAllButAxis (object, int *)
+    #object PyArray_CheckFromAny (object, dtype, int, int, int, object)
+    #object PyArray_FromArray (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_FromInterface (object)
+    object PyArray_FromStructInterface (object)
+    #object PyArray_FromArrayAttr (object, dtype, object)
+    #NPY_SCALARKIND PyArray_ScalarKind (int, ndarray*)
+    int PyArray_CanCoerceScalar (int, int, NPY_SCALARKIND)
+    object PyArray_NewFlagsObject (object)
+    npy_bool PyArray_CanCastScalar (type, type)
+    #int PyArray_CompareUCS4 (npy_ucs4 *, npy_ucs4 *, register size_t)
+    int PyArray_RemoveSmallest (broadcast) except -1
+    int PyArray_ElementStrides (object)
+    void PyArray_Item_INCREF (char *, dtype) except *
+    void PyArray_Item_XDECREF (char *, dtype) except *
+    object PyArray_FieldNames (object)
+    object PyArray_Transpose (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *)
+    object PyArray_TakeFrom (ndarray, object, int, ndarray, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    object PyArray_PutTo (ndarray, object, object, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    object PyArray_PutMask (ndarray, object, object)
+    object PyArray_Repeat (ndarray, object, int)
+    object PyArray_Choose (ndarray, object, ndarray, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    int PyArray_Sort (ndarray, int, NPY_SORTKIND) except -1
+    object PyArray_ArgSort (ndarray, int, NPY_SORTKIND)
+    object PyArray_SearchSorted (ndarray, object, NPY_SEARCHSIDE, PyObject *)
+    object PyArray_ArgMax (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_ArgMin (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Reshape (ndarray, object)
+    object PyArray_Newshape (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_Squeeze (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_View (ndarray, dtype, type)
+    object PyArray_SwapAxes (ndarray, int, int)
+    object PyArray_Max (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Min (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Ptp (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Mean (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Trace (ndarray, int, int, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Diagonal (ndarray, int, int, int)
+    object PyArray_Clip (ndarray, object, object, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Conjugate (ndarray, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Nonzero (ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Std (ndarray, int, int, ndarray, int)
+    object PyArray_Sum (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_CumSum (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Prod (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_CumProd (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_All (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Any (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Compress (ndarray, object, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Flatten (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_Ravel (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    npy_intp PyArray_MultiplyList (npy_intp *, int)
+    int PyArray_MultiplyIntList (int *, int)
+    void * PyArray_GetPtr (ndarray, npy_intp*)
+    int PyArray_CompareLists (npy_intp *, npy_intp *, int)
+    #int PyArray_AsCArray (object*, void *, npy_intp *, int, dtype)
+    #int PyArray_As1D (object*, char **, int *, int)
+    #int PyArray_As2D (object*, char ***, int *, int *, int)
+    int PyArray_Free (object, void *)
+    #int PyArray_Converter (object, object*)
+    int PyArray_IntpFromSequence (object, npy_intp *, int) except -1
+    object PyArray_Concatenate (object, int)
+    object PyArray_InnerProduct (object, object)
+    object PyArray_MatrixProduct (object, object)
+    object PyArray_CopyAndTranspose (object)
+    object PyArray_Correlate (object, object, int)
+    int PyArray_TypestrConvert (int, int)
+    #int PyArray_DescrConverter (object, dtype*) except 0
+    #int PyArray_DescrConverter2 (object, dtype*) except 0
+    int PyArray_IntpConverter (object, PyArray_Dims *) except 0
+    #int PyArray_BufferConverter (object, chunk) except 0
+    int PyArray_AxisConverter (object, int *) except 0
+    int PyArray_BoolConverter (object, npy_bool *) except 0
+    int PyArray_ByteorderConverter (object, char *) except 0
+    int PyArray_OrderConverter (object, NPY_ORDER *) except 0
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivTypes (dtype, dtype)  # clears errors
+    #object PyArray_Zeros (int, npy_intp *, dtype, int)
+    #object PyArray_Empty (int, npy_intp *, dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_Where (object, object, object)
+    object PyArray_Arange (double, double, double, int)
+    #object PyArray_ArangeObj (object, object, object, dtype)
+    int PyArray_SortkindConverter (object, NPY_SORTKIND *) except 0
+    object PyArray_LexSort (object, int)
+    object PyArray_Round (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivTypenums (int, int)
+    int PyArray_RegisterDataType (dtype) except -1
+    int PyArray_RegisterCastFunc (dtype, int, PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc *) except -1
+    int PyArray_RegisterCanCast (dtype, int, NPY_SCALARKIND) except -1
+    #void PyArray_InitArrFuncs (PyArray_ArrFuncs *)
+    object PyArray_IntTupleFromIntp (int, npy_intp *)
+    int PyArray_TypeNumFromName (char *)
+    int PyArray_ClipmodeConverter (object, NPY_CLIPMODE *) except 0
+    #int PyArray_OutputConverter (object, ndarray*) except 0
+    object PyArray_BroadcastToShape (object, npy_intp *, int)
+    void _PyArray_SigintHandler (int)
+    void* _PyArray_GetSigintBuf ()
+    #int PyArray_DescrAlignConverter (object, dtype*) except 0
+    #int PyArray_DescrAlignConverter2 (object, dtype*) except 0
+    int PyArray_SearchsideConverter (object, void *) except 0
+    object PyArray_CheckAxis (ndarray, int *, int)
+    npy_intp PyArray_OverflowMultiplyList (npy_intp *, int)
+    int PyArray_CompareString (char *, char *, size_t)
+    int PyArray_SetBaseObject(ndarray, base) except -1 # NOTE: steals a reference to base! Use "set_array_base()" instead.
+
+
+# Typedefs that matches the runtime dtype objects in
+# the numpy module.
+
+# The ones that are commented out needs an IFDEF function
+# in Cython to enable them only on the right systems.
+
+ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
+ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
+ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
+ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t
+#ctypedef npy_int96      int96_t
+#ctypedef npy_int128     int128_t
+
+ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
+ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
+ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
+ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t
+#ctypedef npy_uint96     uint96_t
+#ctypedef npy_uint128    uint128_t
+
+ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t
+ctypedef npy_float64    float64_t
+#ctypedef npy_float80    float80_t
+#ctypedef npy_float128   float128_t
+
+ctypedef float complex  complex64_t
+ctypedef double complex complex128_t
+
+# The int types are mapped a bit surprising --
+# numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
+ctypedef npy_long       int_t
+ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
+
+ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
+ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
+
+ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t
+ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t
+
+ctypedef npy_double     float_t
+ctypedef npy_double     double_t
+ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
+
+ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
+ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t
+ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
+
+ctypedef npy_cdouble     complex_t
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew1(a):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(1, <void*>a)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew2(a, b):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(2, <void*>a, <void*>b)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew3(a, b, c):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(3, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*> c)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew4(a, b, c, d):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(4, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*>c, <void*> d)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew5(a, b, c, d, e):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(5, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*>c, <void*> d, <void*> e)
+
+cdef inline tuple PyDataType_SHAPE(dtype d):
+    if PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY(d):
+        return <tuple>d.subarray.shape
+    else:
+        return ()
+
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ndarrayobject.h":
+    PyTypeObject PyTimedeltaArrType_Type
+    PyTypeObject PyDatetimeArrType_Type
+    ctypedef int64_t npy_timedelta
+    ctypedef int64_t npy_datetime
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ndarraytypes.h":
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_DatetimeMetaData:
+        NPY_DATETIMEUNIT base
+        int64_t num
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/arrayscalars.h":
+
+    # abstract types
+    ctypedef class numpy.generic [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.number [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.integer [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.signedinteger [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.unsignedinteger [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.inexact [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.floating [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.complexfloating [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.flexible [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.character [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDatetimeScalarObject:
+        # PyObject_HEAD
+        npy_datetime obval
+        PyArray_DatetimeMetaData obmeta
+
+    ctypedef struct PyTimedeltaScalarObject:
+        # PyObject_HEAD
+        npy_timedelta obval
+        PyArray_DatetimeMetaData obmeta
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_DATETIMEUNIT:
+        NPY_FR_Y
+        NPY_FR_M
+        NPY_FR_W
+        NPY_FR_D
+        NPY_FR_B
+        NPY_FR_h
+        NPY_FR_m
+        NPY_FR_s
+        NPY_FR_ms
+        NPY_FR_us
+        NPY_FR_ns
+        NPY_FR_ps
+        NPY_FR_fs
+        NPY_FR_as
+        NPY_FR_GENERIC
+
+
+#
+# ufunc API
+#
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ufuncobject.h":
+
+    ctypedef void (*PyUFuncGenericFunction) (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.ufunc [object PyUFuncObject, check_size ignore]:
+        cdef:
+            int nin, nout, nargs
+            int identity
+            PyUFuncGenericFunction *functions
+            void **data
+            int ntypes
+            int check_return
+            char *name
+            char *types
+            char *doc
+            void *ptr
+            PyObject *obj
+            PyObject *userloops
+
+    cdef enum:
+        PyUFunc_Zero
+        PyUFunc_One
+        PyUFunc_None
+        UFUNC_ERR_IGNORE
+        UFUNC_ERR_WARN
+        UFUNC_ERR_RAISE
+        UFUNC_ERR_CALL
+        UFUNC_ERR_PRINT
+        UFUNC_ERR_LOG
+        UFUNC_MASK_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_MASK_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_MASK_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_MASK_INVALID
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_INVALID
+        UFUNC_FPE_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_FPE_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_FPE_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_FPE_INVALID
+        UFUNC_ERR_DEFAULT
+        UFUNC_ERR_DEFAULT2
+
+    object PyUFunc_FromFuncAndData(PyUFuncGenericFunction *,
+          void **, char *, int, int, int, int, char *, char *, int)
+    int PyUFunc_RegisterLoopForType(ufunc, int,
+                                    PyUFuncGenericFunction, int *, void *) except -1
+    void PyUFunc_f_f_As_d_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_d_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_f_f \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_g_g \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_F_F_As_D_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_F_F \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_D_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_G_G \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_O_O \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_ff_f_As_dd_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_ff_f \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_dd_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_gg_g \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_FF_F_As_DD_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_DD_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_FF_F \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_GG_G \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_OO_O \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_O_O_method \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_OO_O_method \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_On_Om \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    int PyUFunc_GetPyValues \
+        (char *, int *, int *, PyObject **)
+    int PyUFunc_checkfperr \
+           (int, PyObject *, int *)
+    void PyUFunc_clearfperr()
+    int PyUFunc_getfperr()
+    int PyUFunc_handlefperr \
+        (int, PyObject *, int, int *) except -1
+    int PyUFunc_ReplaceLoopBySignature \
+        (ufunc, PyUFuncGenericFunction, int *, PyUFuncGenericFunction *)
+    object PyUFunc_FromFuncAndDataAndSignature \
+             (PyUFuncGenericFunction *, void **, char *, int, int, int,
+              int, char *, char *, int, char *)
+
+    int _import_umath() except -1
+
+cdef inline void set_array_base(ndarray arr, object base):
+    Py_INCREF(base) # important to do this before stealing the reference below!
+    PyArray_SetBaseObject(arr, base)
+
+cdef inline object get_array_base(ndarray arr):
+    base = PyArray_BASE(arr)
+    if base is NULL:
+        return None
+    return <object>base
+
+# Versions of the import_* functions which are more suitable for
+# Cython code.
+cdef inline int import_array() except -1:
+    try:
+        __pyx_import_array()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.multiarray failed to import")
+
+cdef inline int import_umath() except -1:
+    try:
+        _import_umath()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.umath failed to import")
+
+cdef inline int import_ufunc() except -1:
+    try:
+        _import_umath()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.umath failed to import")
+
+
+cdef inline bint is_timedelta64_object(object obj):
+    """
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(obj, np.timedelta64)`
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    obj : object
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    bool
+    """
+    return PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyTimedeltaArrType_Type)
+
+
+cdef inline bint is_datetime64_object(object obj):
+    """
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(obj, np.datetime64)`
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    obj : object
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    bool
+    """
+    return PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyDatetimeArrType_Type)
+
+
+cdef inline npy_datetime get_datetime64_value(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the int64 value underlying scalar numpy datetime64 object
+
+    Note that to interpret this as a datetime, the corresponding unit is
+    also needed.  That can be found using `get_datetime64_unit`.
+    """
+    return (<PyDatetimeScalarObject*>obj).obval
+
+
+cdef inline npy_timedelta get_timedelta64_value(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the int64 value underlying scalar numpy timedelta64 object
+    """
+    return (<PyTimedeltaScalarObject*>obj).obval
+
+
+cdef inline NPY_DATETIMEUNIT get_datetime64_unit(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the unit part of the dtype for a numpy datetime64 object.
+    """
+    return <NPY_DATETIMEUNIT>(<PyDatetimeScalarObject*>obj).obmeta.base

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/__init__.pxd

@@ -0,0 +1,1015 @@
+# NumPy static imports for Cython < 3.0
+#
+# If any of the PyArray_* functions are called, import_array must be
+# called first.
+#
+# Author: Dag Sverre Seljebotn
+#
+
+DEF _buffer_format_string_len = 255
+
+cimport cpython.buffer as pybuf
+from cpython.ref cimport Py_INCREF
+from cpython.mem cimport PyObject_Malloc, PyObject_Free
+from cpython.object cimport PyObject, PyTypeObject
+from cpython.buffer cimport PyObject_GetBuffer
+from cpython.type cimport type
+cimport libc.stdio as stdio
+
+cdef extern from "Python.h":
+    ctypedef int Py_intptr_t
+    bint PyObject_TypeCheck(object obj, PyTypeObject* type)
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/arrayobject.h":
+    ctypedef Py_intptr_t npy_intp
+    ctypedef size_t npy_uintp
+
+    cdef enum NPY_TYPES:
+        NPY_BOOL
+        NPY_BYTE
+        NPY_UBYTE
+        NPY_SHORT
+        NPY_USHORT
+        NPY_INT
+        NPY_UINT
+        NPY_LONG
+        NPY_ULONG
+        NPY_LONGLONG
+        NPY_ULONGLONG
+        NPY_FLOAT
+        NPY_DOUBLE
+        NPY_LONGDOUBLE
+        NPY_CFLOAT
+        NPY_CDOUBLE
+        NPY_CLONGDOUBLE
+        NPY_OBJECT
+        NPY_STRING
+        NPY_UNICODE
+        NPY_VOID
+        NPY_DATETIME
+        NPY_TIMEDELTA
+        NPY_NTYPES
+        NPY_NOTYPE
+
+        NPY_INT8
+        NPY_INT16
+        NPY_INT32
+        NPY_INT64
+        NPY_INT128
+        NPY_INT256
+        NPY_UINT8
+        NPY_UINT16
+        NPY_UINT32
+        NPY_UINT64
+        NPY_UINT128
+        NPY_UINT256
+        NPY_FLOAT16
+        NPY_FLOAT32
+        NPY_FLOAT64
+        NPY_FLOAT80
+        NPY_FLOAT96
+        NPY_FLOAT128
+        NPY_FLOAT256
+        NPY_COMPLEX32
+        NPY_COMPLEX64
+        NPY_COMPLEX128
+        NPY_COMPLEX160
+        NPY_COMPLEX192
+        NPY_COMPLEX256
+        NPY_COMPLEX512
+
+        NPY_INTP
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_ORDER:
+        NPY_ANYORDER
+        NPY_CORDER
+        NPY_FORTRANORDER
+        NPY_KEEPORDER
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_CASTING:
+        NPY_NO_CASTING
+        NPY_EQUIV_CASTING
+        NPY_SAFE_CASTING
+        NPY_SAME_KIND_CASTING
+        NPY_UNSAFE_CASTING
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_CLIPMODE:
+        NPY_CLIP
+        NPY_WRAP
+        NPY_RAISE
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SCALARKIND:
+        NPY_NOSCALAR,
+        NPY_BOOL_SCALAR,
+        NPY_INTPOS_SCALAR,
+        NPY_INTNEG_SCALAR,
+        NPY_FLOAT_SCALAR,
+        NPY_COMPLEX_SCALAR,
+        NPY_OBJECT_SCALAR
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SORTKIND:
+        NPY_QUICKSORT
+        NPY_HEAPSORT
+        NPY_MERGESORT
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_SEARCHSIDE:
+        NPY_SEARCHLEFT
+        NPY_SEARCHRIGHT
+
+    enum:
+        # DEPRECATED since NumPy 1.7 ! Do not use in new code!
+        NPY_C_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_F_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_FORTRAN
+        NPY_OWNDATA
+        NPY_FORCECAST
+        NPY_ENSURECOPY
+        NPY_ENSUREARRAY
+        NPY_ELEMENTSTRIDES
+        NPY_ALIGNED
+        NPY_NOTSWAPPED
+        NPY_WRITEABLE
+        NPY_ARR_HAS_DESCR
+
+        NPY_BEHAVED
+        NPY_BEHAVED_NS
+        NPY_CARRAY
+        NPY_CARRAY_RO
+        NPY_FARRAY
+        NPY_FARRAY_RO
+        NPY_DEFAULT
+
+        NPY_IN_ARRAY
+        NPY_OUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_INOUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_IN_FARRAY
+        NPY_OUT_FARRAY
+        NPY_INOUT_FARRAY
+
+        NPY_UPDATE_ALL
+
+    enum:
+        # Added in NumPy 1.7 to replace the deprecated enums above.
+        NPY_ARRAY_C_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_ARRAY_F_CONTIGUOUS
+        NPY_ARRAY_OWNDATA
+        NPY_ARRAY_FORCECAST
+        NPY_ARRAY_ENSURECOPY
+        NPY_ARRAY_ENSUREARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_ELEMENTSTRIDES
+        NPY_ARRAY_ALIGNED
+        NPY_ARRAY_NOTSWAPPED
+        NPY_ARRAY_WRITEABLE
+        NPY_ARRAY_WRITEBACKIFCOPY
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_BEHAVED
+        NPY_ARRAY_BEHAVED_NS
+        NPY_ARRAY_CARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_CARRAY_RO
+        NPY_ARRAY_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_FARRAY_RO
+        NPY_ARRAY_DEFAULT
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_IN_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_OUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_INOUT_ARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_IN_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_OUT_FARRAY
+        NPY_ARRAY_INOUT_FARRAY
+
+        NPY_ARRAY_UPDATE_ALL
+
+    cdef enum:
+        NPY_MAXDIMS
+
+    npy_intp NPY_MAX_ELSIZE
+
+    ctypedef void (*PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc)(void *, void *, npy_intp, void *,  void *)
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_ArrayDescr:
+        # shape is a tuple, but Cython doesn't support "tuple shape"
+        # inside a non-PyObject declaration, so we have to declare it
+        # as just a PyObject*.
+        PyObject* shape
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_Descr:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.dtype [object PyArray_Descr, check_size ignore]:
+        # Use PyDataType_* macros when possible, however there are no macros
+        # for accessing some of the fields, so some are defined.
+        cdef PyTypeObject* typeobj
+        cdef char kind
+        cdef char type
+        # Numpy sometimes mutates this without warning (e.g. it'll
+        # sometimes change "|" to "<" in shared dtype objects on
+        # little-endian machines). If this matters to you, use
+        # PyArray_IsNativeByteOrder(dtype.byteorder) instead of
+        # directly accessing this field.
+        cdef char byteorder
+        cdef char flags
+        cdef int type_num
+        cdef int itemsize "elsize"
+        cdef int alignment
+        cdef object fields
+        cdef tuple names
+        # Use PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY to test whether this field is
+        # valid (the pointer can be NULL). Most users should access
+        # this field via the inline helper method PyDataType_SHAPE.
+        cdef PyArray_ArrayDescr* subarray
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.flatiter [object PyArrayIterObject, check_size ignore]:
+        # Use through macros
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.broadcast [object PyArrayMultiIterObject, check_size ignore]:
+        cdef int numiter
+        cdef npy_intp size, index
+        cdef int nd
+        cdef npy_intp *dimensions
+        cdef void **iters
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArrayObject:
+        # For use in situations where ndarray can't replace PyArrayObject*,
+        # like PyArrayObject**.
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.ndarray [object PyArrayObject, check_size ignore]:
+        cdef __cythonbufferdefaults__ = {"mode": "strided"}
+
+        cdef:
+            # Only taking a few of the most commonly used and stable fields.
+            # One should use PyArray_* macros instead to access the C fields.
+            char *data
+            int ndim "nd"
+            npy_intp *shape "dimensions"
+            npy_intp *strides
+            dtype descr  # deprecated since NumPy 1.7 !
+            PyObject* base #  NOT PUBLIC, DO NOT USE !
+
+
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_bool
+
+    ctypedef signed char      npy_byte
+    ctypedef signed short     npy_short
+    ctypedef signed int       npy_int
+    ctypedef signed long      npy_long
+    ctypedef signed long long npy_longlong
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_ubyte
+    ctypedef unsigned short     npy_ushort
+    ctypedef unsigned int       npy_uint
+    ctypedef unsigned long      npy_ulong
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_ulonglong
+
+    ctypedef float        npy_float
+    ctypedef double       npy_double
+    ctypedef long double  npy_longdouble
+
+    ctypedef signed char        npy_int8
+    ctypedef signed short       npy_int16
+    ctypedef signed int         npy_int32
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int64
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int96
+    ctypedef signed long long   npy_int128
+
+    ctypedef unsigned char      npy_uint8
+    ctypedef unsigned short     npy_uint16
+    ctypedef unsigned int       npy_uint32
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint64
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint96
+    ctypedef unsigned long long npy_uint128
+
+    ctypedef float        npy_float32
+    ctypedef double       npy_float64
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float80
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float96
+    ctypedef long double  npy_float128
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_cfloat:
+        float real
+        float imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_cdouble:
+        double real
+        double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_clongdouble:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex64:
+        float real
+        float imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex128:
+        double real
+        double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex160:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex192:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct npy_complex256:
+        long double real
+        long double imag
+
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_Dims:
+        npy_intp *ptr
+        int len
+
+    int _import_array() except -1
+    # A second definition so _import_array isn't marked as used when we use it here.
+    # Do not use - subject to change any time.
+    int __pyx_import_array "_import_array"() except -1
+
+    #
+    # Macros from ndarrayobject.h
+    #
+    bint PyArray_CHKFLAGS(ndarray m, int flags) nogil
+    bint PyArray_IS_C_CONTIGUOUS(ndarray arr) nogil
+    bint PyArray_IS_F_CONTIGUOUS(ndarray arr) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCONTIGUOUS(ndarray m) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISWRITEABLE(ndarray m) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISALIGNED(ndarray m) nogil
+
+    int PyArray_NDIM(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISONESEGMENT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFORTRAN(ndarray) nogil
+    int PyArray_FORTRANIF(ndarray) nogil
+
+    void* PyArray_DATA(ndarray) nogil
+    char* PyArray_BYTES(ndarray) nogil
+
+    npy_intp* PyArray_DIMS(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp* PyArray_STRIDES(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_DIM(ndarray, size_t) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_STRIDE(ndarray, size_t) nogil
+
+    PyObject *PyArray_BASE(ndarray) nogil  # returns borrowed reference!
+    PyArray_Descr *PyArray_DESCR(ndarray) nogil  # returns borrowed reference to dtype!
+    int PyArray_FLAGS(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_ITEMSIZE(ndarray) nogil
+    int PyArray_TYPE(ndarray arr) nogil
+
+    object PyArray_GETITEM(ndarray arr, void *itemptr)
+    int PyArray_SETITEM(ndarray arr, void *itemptr, object obj) except -1
+
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISBOOL(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISUNSIGNED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISSIGNED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISINTEGER(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISFLOAT(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISNUMBER(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISSTRING(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISCOMPLEX(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISPYTHON(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISFLEXIBLE(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISUSERDEF(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISEXTENDED(int) nogil
+    bint PyTypeNum_ISOBJECT(int) nogil
+
+    bint PyDataType_ISBOOL(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISUNSIGNED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISSIGNED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISINTEGER(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISFLOAT(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISNUMBER(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISSTRING(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISCOMPLEX(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISPYTHON(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISFLEXIBLE(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISUSERDEF(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISEXTENDED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISOBJECT(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_HASFIELDS(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY(dtype) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISBOOL(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISUNSIGNED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISSIGNED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISINTEGER(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFLOAT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISNUMBER(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISSTRING(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCOMPLEX(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISPYTHON(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFLEXIBLE(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISUSERDEF(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISEXTENDED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISOBJECT(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_HASFIELDS(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISVARIABLE(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_SAFEALIGNEDCOPY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISNBO(char) nogil              # works on ndarray.byteorder
+    bint PyArray_IsNativeByteOrder(char) nogil # works on ndarray.byteorder
+    bint PyArray_ISNOTSWAPPED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBYTESWAPPED(ndarray) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_FLAGSWAP(ndarray, int) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_ISCARRAY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISCARRAY_RO(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFARRAY(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISFARRAY_RO(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBEHAVED(ndarray) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ISBEHAVED_RO(ndarray) nogil
+
+
+    bint PyDataType_ISNOTSWAPPED(dtype) nogil
+    bint PyDataType_ISBYTESWAPPED(dtype) nogil
+
+    bint PyArray_DescrCheck(object)
+
+    bint PyArray_Check(object)
+    bint PyArray_CheckExact(object)
+
+    # Cannot be supported due to out arg:
+    # bint PyArray_HasArrayInterfaceType(object, dtype, object, object&)
+    # bint PyArray_HasArrayInterface(op, out)
+
+
+    bint PyArray_IsZeroDim(object)
+    # Cannot be supported due to ## ## in macro:
+    # bint PyArray_IsScalar(object, verbatim work)
+    bint PyArray_CheckScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsPythonNumber(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsPythonScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_IsAnyScalar(object)
+    bint PyArray_CheckAnyScalar(object)
+
+    ndarray PyArray_GETCONTIGUOUS(ndarray)
+    bint PyArray_SAMESHAPE(ndarray, ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_SIZE(ndarray) nogil
+    npy_intp PyArray_NBYTES(ndarray) nogil
+
+    object PyArray_FROM_O(object)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OF(object m, int flags)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OT(object m, int type)
+    object PyArray_FROM_OTF(object m, int type, int flags)
+    object PyArray_FROMANY(object m, int type, int min, int max, int flags)
+    object PyArray_ZEROS(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int type, int fortran)
+    object PyArray_EMPTY(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int type, int fortran)
+    void PyArray_FILLWBYTE(object, int val)
+    npy_intp PyArray_REFCOUNT(object)
+    object PyArray_ContiguousFromAny(op, int, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivArrTypes(ndarray a1, ndarray a2)
+    bint PyArray_EquivByteorders(int b1, int b2) nogil
+    object PyArray_SimpleNew(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int typenum)
+    object PyArray_SimpleNewFromData(int nd, npy_intp* dims, int typenum, void* data)
+    #object PyArray_SimpleNewFromDescr(int nd, npy_intp* dims, dtype descr)
+    object PyArray_ToScalar(void* data, ndarray arr)
+
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR1(ndarray m, npy_intp i) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR2(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR3(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j, npy_intp k) nogil
+    void* PyArray_GETPTR4(ndarray m, npy_intp i, npy_intp j, npy_intp k, npy_intp l) nogil
+
+    # Cannot be supported due to out arg
+    # void PyArray_DESCR_REPLACE(descr)
+
+
+    object PyArray_Copy(ndarray)
+    object PyArray_FromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    object PyArray_ContiguousFromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+    object PyArray_CopyFromObject(object op, int type, int min_depth, int max_depth)
+
+    object PyArray_Cast(ndarray mp, int type_num)
+    object PyArray_Take(ndarray ap, object items, int axis)
+    object PyArray_Put(ndarray ap, object items, object values)
+
+    void PyArray_ITER_RESET(flatiter it) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_NEXT(flatiter it) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_GOTO(flatiter it, npy_intp* destination) nogil
+    void PyArray_ITER_GOTO1D(flatiter it, npy_intp ind) nogil
+    void* PyArray_ITER_DATA(flatiter it) nogil
+    bint PyArray_ITER_NOTDONE(flatiter it) nogil
+
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_RESET(broadcast multi) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_NEXT(broadcast multi) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_GOTO(broadcast multi, npy_intp dest) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_GOTO1D(broadcast multi, npy_intp ind) nogil
+    void* PyArray_MultiIter_DATA(broadcast multi, npy_intp i) nogil
+    void PyArray_MultiIter_NEXTi(broadcast multi, npy_intp i) nogil
+    bint PyArray_MultiIter_NOTDONE(broadcast multi) nogil
+
+    # Functions from __multiarray_api.h
+
+    # Functions taking dtype and returning object/ndarray are disabled
+    # for now as they steal dtype references. I'm conservative and disable
+    # more than is probably needed until it can be checked further.
+    int PyArray_SetNumericOps (object) except -1
+    object PyArray_GetNumericOps ()
+    int PyArray_INCREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_INCREF...
+    int PyArray_XDECREF (ndarray) except *  # uses PyArray_Item_DECREF...
+    void PyArray_SetStringFunction (object, int)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromType (int)
+    object PyArray_TypeObjectFromType (int)
+    char * PyArray_Zero (ndarray)
+    char * PyArray_One (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_CastToType (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    int PyArray_CastTo (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CastAnyTo (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CanCastSafely (int, int)  # writes errors
+    npy_bool PyArray_CanCastTo (dtype, dtype)  # writes errors
+    int PyArray_ObjectType (object, int) except 0
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromObject (object, dtype)
+    #ndarray* PyArray_ConvertToCommonType (object, int *)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromScalar (object)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrFromTypeObject (object)
+    npy_intp PyArray_Size (object)
+    #object PyArray_Scalar (void *, dtype, object)
+    #object PyArray_FromScalar (object, dtype)
+    void PyArray_ScalarAsCtype (object, void *)
+    #int PyArray_CastScalarToCtype (object, void *, dtype)
+    #int PyArray_CastScalarDirect (object, dtype, void *, int)
+    object PyArray_ScalarFromObject (object)
+    #PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc * PyArray_GetCastFunc (dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_FromDims (int, int *, int)
+    #object PyArray_FromDimsAndDataAndDescr (int, int *, dtype, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromAny (object, dtype, int, int, int, object)
+    object PyArray_EnsureArray (object)
+    object PyArray_EnsureAnyArray (object)
+    #object PyArray_FromFile (stdio.FILE *, dtype, npy_intp, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromString (char *, npy_intp, dtype, npy_intp, char *)
+    #object PyArray_FromBuffer (object, dtype, npy_intp, npy_intp)
+    #object PyArray_FromIter (object, dtype, npy_intp)
+    object PyArray_Return (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_GetField (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    #int PyArray_SetField (ndarray, dtype, int, object) except -1
+    object PyArray_Byteswap (ndarray, npy_bool)
+    object PyArray_Resize (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *, int, NPY_ORDER)
+    int PyArray_MoveInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyAnyInto (ndarray, ndarray) except -1
+    int PyArray_CopyObject (ndarray, object) except -1
+    object PyArray_NewCopy (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_ToList (ndarray)
+    object PyArray_ToString (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    int PyArray_ToFile (ndarray, stdio.FILE *, char *, char *) except -1
+    int PyArray_Dump (object, object, int) except -1
+    object PyArray_Dumps (object, int)
+    int PyArray_ValidType (int)  # Cannot error
+    void PyArray_UpdateFlags (ndarray, int)
+    object PyArray_New (type, int, npy_intp *, int, npy_intp *, void *, int, int, object)
+    #object PyArray_NewFromDescr (type, dtype, int, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *, int, object)
+    #dtype PyArray_DescrNew (dtype)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrNewFromType (int)
+    double PyArray_GetPriority (object, double)  # clears errors as of 1.25
+    object PyArray_IterNew (object)
+    object PyArray_MultiIterNew (int, ...)
+
+    int PyArray_PyIntAsInt (object) except? -1
+    npy_intp PyArray_PyIntAsIntp (object)
+    int PyArray_Broadcast (broadcast) except -1
+    void PyArray_FillObjectArray (ndarray, object) except *
+    int PyArray_FillWithScalar (ndarray, object) except -1
+    npy_bool PyArray_CheckStrides (int, int, npy_intp, npy_intp, npy_intp *, npy_intp *)
+    dtype PyArray_DescrNewByteorder (dtype, char)
+    object PyArray_IterAllButAxis (object, int *)
+    #object PyArray_CheckFromAny (object, dtype, int, int, int, object)
+    #object PyArray_FromArray (ndarray, dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_FromInterface (object)
+    object PyArray_FromStructInterface (object)
+    #object PyArray_FromArrayAttr (object, dtype, object)
+    #NPY_SCALARKIND PyArray_ScalarKind (int, ndarray*)
+    int PyArray_CanCoerceScalar (int, int, NPY_SCALARKIND)
+    object PyArray_NewFlagsObject (object)
+    npy_bool PyArray_CanCastScalar (type, type)
+    #int PyArray_CompareUCS4 (npy_ucs4 *, npy_ucs4 *, register size_t)
+    int PyArray_RemoveSmallest (broadcast) except -1
+    int PyArray_ElementStrides (object)
+    void PyArray_Item_INCREF (char *, dtype) except *
+    void PyArray_Item_XDECREF (char *, dtype) except *
+    object PyArray_FieldNames (object)
+    object PyArray_Transpose (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *)
+    object PyArray_TakeFrom (ndarray, object, int, ndarray, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    object PyArray_PutTo (ndarray, object, object, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    object PyArray_PutMask (ndarray, object, object)
+    object PyArray_Repeat (ndarray, object, int)
+    object PyArray_Choose (ndarray, object, ndarray, NPY_CLIPMODE)
+    int PyArray_Sort (ndarray, int, NPY_SORTKIND) except -1
+    object PyArray_ArgSort (ndarray, int, NPY_SORTKIND)
+    object PyArray_SearchSorted (ndarray, object, NPY_SEARCHSIDE, PyObject *)
+    object PyArray_ArgMax (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_ArgMin (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Reshape (ndarray, object)
+    object PyArray_Newshape (ndarray, PyArray_Dims *, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_Squeeze (ndarray)
+    #object PyArray_View (ndarray, dtype, type)
+    object PyArray_SwapAxes (ndarray, int, int)
+    object PyArray_Max (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Min (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Ptp (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Mean (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Trace (ndarray, int, int, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Diagonal (ndarray, int, int, int)
+    object PyArray_Clip (ndarray, object, object, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Conjugate (ndarray, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Nonzero (ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Std (ndarray, int, int, ndarray, int)
+    object PyArray_Sum (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_CumSum (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Prod (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_CumProd (ndarray, int, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_All (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Any (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Compress (ndarray, object, int, ndarray)
+    object PyArray_Flatten (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    object PyArray_Ravel (ndarray, NPY_ORDER)
+    npy_intp PyArray_MultiplyList (npy_intp *, int)
+    int PyArray_MultiplyIntList (int *, int)
+    void * PyArray_GetPtr (ndarray, npy_intp*)
+    int PyArray_CompareLists (npy_intp *, npy_intp *, int)
+    #int PyArray_AsCArray (object*, void *, npy_intp *, int, dtype)
+    #int PyArray_As1D (object*, char **, int *, int)
+    #int PyArray_As2D (object*, char ***, int *, int *, int)
+    int PyArray_Free (object, void *)
+    #int PyArray_Converter (object, object*)
+    int PyArray_IntpFromSequence (object, npy_intp *, int) except -1
+    object PyArray_Concatenate (object, int)
+    object PyArray_InnerProduct (object, object)
+    object PyArray_MatrixProduct (object, object)
+    object PyArray_CopyAndTranspose (object)
+    object PyArray_Correlate (object, object, int)
+    int PyArray_TypestrConvert (int, int)
+    #int PyArray_DescrConverter (object, dtype*) except 0
+    #int PyArray_DescrConverter2 (object, dtype*) except 0
+    int PyArray_IntpConverter (object, PyArray_Dims *) except 0
+    #int PyArray_BufferConverter (object, chunk) except 0
+    int PyArray_AxisConverter (object, int *) except 0
+    int PyArray_BoolConverter (object, npy_bool *) except 0
+    int PyArray_ByteorderConverter (object, char *) except 0
+    int PyArray_OrderConverter (object, NPY_ORDER *) except 0
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivTypes (dtype, dtype)  # clears errors
+    #object PyArray_Zeros (int, npy_intp *, dtype, int)
+    #object PyArray_Empty (int, npy_intp *, dtype, int)
+    object PyArray_Where (object, object, object)
+    object PyArray_Arange (double, double, double, int)
+    #object PyArray_ArangeObj (object, object, object, dtype)
+    int PyArray_SortkindConverter (object, NPY_SORTKIND *) except 0
+    object PyArray_LexSort (object, int)
+    object PyArray_Round (ndarray, int, ndarray)
+    unsigned char PyArray_EquivTypenums (int, int)
+    int PyArray_RegisterDataType (dtype) except -1
+    int PyArray_RegisterCastFunc (dtype, int, PyArray_VectorUnaryFunc *) except -1
+    int PyArray_RegisterCanCast (dtype, int, NPY_SCALARKIND) except -1
+    #void PyArray_InitArrFuncs (PyArray_ArrFuncs *)
+    object PyArray_IntTupleFromIntp (int, npy_intp *)
+    int PyArray_TypeNumFromName (char *)
+    int PyArray_ClipmodeConverter (object, NPY_CLIPMODE *) except 0
+    #int PyArray_OutputConverter (object, ndarray*) except 0
+    object PyArray_BroadcastToShape (object, npy_intp *, int)
+    void _PyArray_SigintHandler (int)
+    void* _PyArray_GetSigintBuf ()
+    #int PyArray_DescrAlignConverter (object, dtype*) except 0
+    #int PyArray_DescrAlignConverter2 (object, dtype*) except 0
+    int PyArray_SearchsideConverter (object, void *) except 0
+    object PyArray_CheckAxis (ndarray, int *, int)
+    npy_intp PyArray_OverflowMultiplyList (npy_intp *, int)
+    int PyArray_CompareString (char *, char *, size_t)
+    int PyArray_SetBaseObject(ndarray, base) except -1 # NOTE: steals a reference to base! Use "set_array_base()" instead.
+
+
+# Typedefs that matches the runtime dtype objects in
+# the numpy module.
+
+# The ones that are commented out needs an IFDEF function
+# in Cython to enable them only on the right systems.
+
+ctypedef npy_int8       int8_t
+ctypedef npy_int16      int16_t
+ctypedef npy_int32      int32_t
+ctypedef npy_int64      int64_t
+#ctypedef npy_int96      int96_t
+#ctypedef npy_int128     int128_t
+
+ctypedef npy_uint8      uint8_t
+ctypedef npy_uint16     uint16_t
+ctypedef npy_uint32     uint32_t
+ctypedef npy_uint64     uint64_t
+#ctypedef npy_uint96     uint96_t
+#ctypedef npy_uint128    uint128_t
+
+ctypedef npy_float32    float32_t
+ctypedef npy_float64    float64_t
+#ctypedef npy_float80    float80_t
+#ctypedef npy_float128   float128_t
+
+ctypedef float complex  complex64_t
+ctypedef double complex complex128_t
+
+# The int types are mapped a bit surprising --
+# numpy.int corresponds to 'l' and numpy.long to 'q'
+ctypedef npy_long       int_t
+ctypedef npy_longlong   longlong_t
+
+ctypedef npy_ulong      uint_t
+ctypedef npy_ulonglong  ulonglong_t
+
+ctypedef npy_intp       intp_t
+ctypedef npy_uintp      uintp_t
+
+ctypedef npy_double     float_t
+ctypedef npy_double     double_t
+ctypedef npy_longdouble longdouble_t
+
+ctypedef npy_cfloat      cfloat_t
+ctypedef npy_cdouble     cdouble_t
+ctypedef npy_clongdouble clongdouble_t
+
+ctypedef npy_cdouble     complex_t
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew1(a):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(1, <void*>a)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew2(a, b):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(2, <void*>a, <void*>b)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew3(a, b, c):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(3, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*> c)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew4(a, b, c, d):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(4, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*>c, <void*> d)
+
+cdef inline object PyArray_MultiIterNew5(a, b, c, d, e):
+    return PyArray_MultiIterNew(5, <void*>a, <void*>b, <void*>c, <void*> d, <void*> e)
+
+cdef inline tuple PyDataType_SHAPE(dtype d):
+    if PyDataType_HASSUBARRAY(d):
+        return <tuple>d.subarray.shape
+    else:
+        return ()
+
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ndarrayobject.h":
+    PyTypeObject PyTimedeltaArrType_Type
+    PyTypeObject PyDatetimeArrType_Type
+    ctypedef int64_t npy_timedelta
+    ctypedef int64_t npy_datetime
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ndarraytypes.h":
+    ctypedef struct PyArray_DatetimeMetaData:
+        NPY_DATETIMEUNIT base
+        int64_t num
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/arrayscalars.h":
+
+    # abstract types
+    ctypedef class numpy.generic [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.number [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.integer [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.signedinteger [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.unsignedinteger [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.inexact [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.floating [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.complexfloating [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.flexible [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+    ctypedef class numpy.character [object PyObject]:
+        pass
+
+    ctypedef struct PyDatetimeScalarObject:
+        # PyObject_HEAD
+        npy_datetime obval
+        PyArray_DatetimeMetaData obmeta
+
+    ctypedef struct PyTimedeltaScalarObject:
+        # PyObject_HEAD
+        npy_timedelta obval
+        PyArray_DatetimeMetaData obmeta
+
+    ctypedef enum NPY_DATETIMEUNIT:
+        NPY_FR_Y
+        NPY_FR_M
+        NPY_FR_W
+        NPY_FR_D
+        NPY_FR_B
+        NPY_FR_h
+        NPY_FR_m
+        NPY_FR_s
+        NPY_FR_ms
+        NPY_FR_us
+        NPY_FR_ns
+        NPY_FR_ps
+        NPY_FR_fs
+        NPY_FR_as
+        NPY_FR_GENERIC
+
+
+#
+# ufunc API
+#
+
+cdef extern from "numpy/ufuncobject.h":
+
+    ctypedef void (*PyUFuncGenericFunction) (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+
+    ctypedef class numpy.ufunc [object PyUFuncObject, check_size ignore]:
+        cdef:
+            int nin, nout, nargs
+            int identity
+            PyUFuncGenericFunction *functions
+            void **data
+            int ntypes
+            int check_return
+            char *name
+            char *types
+            char *doc
+            void *ptr
+            PyObject *obj
+            PyObject *userloops
+
+    cdef enum:
+        PyUFunc_Zero
+        PyUFunc_One
+        PyUFunc_None
+        UFUNC_ERR_IGNORE
+        UFUNC_ERR_WARN
+        UFUNC_ERR_RAISE
+        UFUNC_ERR_CALL
+        UFUNC_ERR_PRINT
+        UFUNC_ERR_LOG
+        UFUNC_MASK_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_MASK_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_MASK_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_MASK_INVALID
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_SHIFT_INVALID
+        UFUNC_FPE_DIVIDEBYZERO
+        UFUNC_FPE_OVERFLOW
+        UFUNC_FPE_UNDERFLOW
+        UFUNC_FPE_INVALID
+        UFUNC_ERR_DEFAULT
+        UFUNC_ERR_DEFAULT2
+
+    object PyUFunc_FromFuncAndData(PyUFuncGenericFunction *,
+          void **, char *, int, int, int, int, char *, char *, int)
+    int PyUFunc_RegisterLoopForType(ufunc, int,
+                                    PyUFuncGenericFunction, int *, void *) except -1
+    void PyUFunc_f_f_As_d_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_d_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_f_f \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_g_g \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_F_F_As_D_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_F_F \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_D_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_G_G \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_O_O \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_ff_f_As_dd_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_ff_f \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_dd_d \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_gg_g \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_FF_F_As_DD_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_DD_D \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_FF_F \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_GG_G \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_OO_O \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_O_O_method \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_OO_O_method \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    void PyUFunc_On_Om \
+         (char **, npy_intp *, npy_intp *, void *)
+    int PyUFunc_GetPyValues \
+        (char *, int *, int *, PyObject **)
+    int PyUFunc_checkfperr \
+           (int, PyObject *, int *)
+    void PyUFunc_clearfperr()
+    int PyUFunc_getfperr()
+    int PyUFunc_handlefperr \
+        (int, PyObject *, int, int *) except -1
+    int PyUFunc_ReplaceLoopBySignature \
+        (ufunc, PyUFuncGenericFunction, int *, PyUFuncGenericFunction *)
+    object PyUFunc_FromFuncAndDataAndSignature \
+             (PyUFuncGenericFunction *, void **, char *, int, int, int,
+              int, char *, char *, int, char *)
+
+    int _import_umath() except -1
+
+cdef inline void set_array_base(ndarray arr, object base):
+    Py_INCREF(base) # important to do this before stealing the reference below!
+    PyArray_SetBaseObject(arr, base)
+
+cdef inline object get_array_base(ndarray arr):
+    base = PyArray_BASE(arr)
+    if base is NULL:
+        return None
+    return <object>base
+
+# Versions of the import_* functions which are more suitable for
+# Cython code.
+cdef inline int import_array() except -1:
+    try:
+        __pyx_import_array()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.multiarray failed to import")
+
+cdef inline int import_umath() except -1:
+    try:
+        _import_umath()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.umath failed to import")
+
+cdef inline int import_ufunc() except -1:
+    try:
+        _import_umath()
+    except Exception:
+        raise ImportError("numpy.core.umath failed to import")
+
+cdef extern from *:
+    # Leave a marker that the NumPy declarations came from this file
+    # See https://github.com/cython/cython/issues/3573
+    """
+    /* NumPy API declarations from "numpy/__init__.pxd" */
+    """
+
+
+cdef inline bint is_timedelta64_object(object obj):
+    """
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(obj, np.timedelta64)`
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    obj : object
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    bool
+    """
+    return PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyTimedeltaArrType_Type)
+
+
+cdef inline bint is_datetime64_object(object obj):
+    """
+    Cython equivalent of `isinstance(obj, np.datetime64)`
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    obj : object
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    bool
+    """
+    return PyObject_TypeCheck(obj, &PyDatetimeArrType_Type)
+
+
+cdef inline npy_datetime get_datetime64_value(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the int64 value underlying scalar numpy datetime64 object
+
+    Note that to interpret this as a datetime, the corresponding unit is
+    also needed.  That can be found using `get_datetime64_unit`.
+    """
+    return (<PyDatetimeScalarObject*>obj).obval
+
+
+cdef inline npy_timedelta get_timedelta64_value(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the int64 value underlying scalar numpy timedelta64 object
+    """
+    return (<PyTimedeltaScalarObject*>obj).obval
+
+
+cdef inline NPY_DATETIMEUNIT get_datetime64_unit(object obj) nogil:
+    """
+    returns the unit part of the dtype for a numpy datetime64 object.
+    """
+    return <NPY_DATETIMEUNIT>(<PyDatetimeScalarObject*>obj).obmeta.base

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,461 @@
+"""
+NumPy
+=====
+
+Provides
+  1. An array object of arbitrary homogeneous items
+  2. Fast mathematical operations over arrays
+  3. Linear Algebra, Fourier Transforms, Random Number Generation
+
+How to use the documentation
+----------------------------
+Documentation is available in two forms: docstrings provided
+with the code, and a loose standing reference guide, available from
+`the NumPy homepage <https://numpy.org>`_.
+
+We recommend exploring the docstrings using
+`IPython <https://ipython.org>`_, an advanced Python shell with
+TAB-completion and introspection capabilities.  See below for further
+instructions.
+
+The docstring examples assume that `numpy` has been imported as ``np``::
+
+  >>> import numpy as np
+
+Code snippets are indicated by three greater-than signs::
+
+  >>> x = 42
+  >>> x = x + 1
+
+Use the built-in ``help`` function to view a function's docstring::
+
+  >>> help(np.sort)
+  ... # doctest: +SKIP
+
+For some objects, ``np.info(obj)`` may provide additional help.  This is
+particularly true if you see the line "Help on ufunc object:" at the top
+of the help() page.  Ufuncs are implemented in C, not Python, for speed.
+The native Python help() does not know how to view their help, but our
+np.info() function does.
+
+To search for documents containing a keyword, do::
+
+  >>> np.lookfor('keyword')
+  ... # doctest: +SKIP
+
+General-purpose documents like a glossary and help on the basic concepts
+of numpy are available under the ``doc`` sub-module::
+
+  >>> from numpy import doc
+  >>> help(doc)
+  ... # doctest: +SKIP
+
+Available subpackages
+---------------------
+lib
+    Basic functions used by several sub-packages.
+random
+    Core Random Tools
+linalg
+    Core Linear Algebra Tools
+fft
+    Core FFT routines
+polynomial
+    Polynomial tools
+testing
+    NumPy testing tools
+distutils
+    Enhancements to distutils with support for
+    Fortran compilers support and more  (for Python <= 3.11).
+
+Utilities
+---------
+test
+    Run numpy unittests
+show_config
+    Show numpy build configuration
+matlib
+    Make everything matrices.
+__version__
+    NumPy version string
+
+Viewing documentation using IPython
+-----------------------------------
+
+Start IPython and import `numpy` usually under the alias ``np``: `import
+numpy as np`.  Then, directly past or use the ``%cpaste`` magic to paste
+examples into the shell.  To see which functions are available in `numpy`,
+type ``np.<TAB>`` (where ``<TAB>`` refers to the TAB key), or use
+``np.*cos*?<ENTER>`` (where ``<ENTER>`` refers to the ENTER key) to narrow
+down the list.  To view the docstring for a function, use
+``np.cos?<ENTER>`` (to view the docstring) and ``np.cos??<ENTER>`` (to view
+the source code).
+
+Copies vs. in-place operation
+-----------------------------
+Most of the functions in `numpy` return a copy of the array argument
+(e.g., `np.sort`).  In-place versions of these functions are often
+available as array methods, i.e. ``x = np.array([1,2,3]); x.sort()``.
+Exceptions to this rule are documented.
+
+"""
+import sys
+import warnings
+
+from ._globals import _NoValue, _CopyMode
+# These exceptions were moved in 1.25 and are hidden from __dir__()
+from .exceptions import (
+    ComplexWarning, ModuleDeprecationWarning, VisibleDeprecationWarning,
+    TooHardError, AxisError)
+
+
+# If a version with git hash was stored, use that instead
+from . import version
+from .version import __version__
+
+# We first need to detect if we're being called as part of the numpy setup
+# procedure itself in a reliable manner.
+try:
+    __NUMPY_SETUP__
+except NameError:
+    __NUMPY_SETUP__ = False
+
+if __NUMPY_SETUP__:
+    sys.stderr.write('Running from numpy source directory.\n')
+else:
+    # Allow distributors to run custom init code before importing numpy.core
+    from . import _distributor_init
+
+    try:
+        from numpy.__config__ import show as show_config
+    except ImportError as e:
+        msg = """Error importing numpy: you should not try to import numpy from
+        its source directory; please exit the numpy source tree, and relaunch
+        your python interpreter from there."""
+        raise ImportError(msg) from e
+
+    __all__ = [
+        'exceptions', 'ModuleDeprecationWarning', 'VisibleDeprecationWarning',
+        'ComplexWarning', 'TooHardError', 'AxisError']
+
+    # mapping of {name: (value, deprecation_msg)}
+    __deprecated_attrs__ = {}
+
+    from . import core
+    from .core import *
+    from . import compat
+    from . import exceptions
+    from . import dtypes
+    from . import lib
+    # NOTE: to be revisited following future namespace cleanup.
+    # See gh-14454 and gh-15672 for discussion.
+    from .lib import *
+
+    from . import linalg
+    from . import fft
+    from . import polynomial
+    from . import random
+    from . import ctypeslib
+    from . import ma
+    from . import matrixlib as _mat
+    from .matrixlib import *
+
+    # Deprecations introduced in NumPy 1.20.0, 2020-06-06
+    import builtins as _builtins
+
+    _msg = (
+        "module 'numpy' has no attribute '{n}'.\n"
+        "`np.{n}` was a deprecated alias for the builtin `{n}`. "
+        "To avoid this error in existing code, use `{n}` by itself. "
+        "Doing this will not modify any behavior and is safe. {extended_msg}\n"
+        "The aliases was originally deprecated in NumPy 1.20; for more "
+        "details and guidance see the original release note at:\n"
+        "    https://numpy.org/devdocs/release/1.20.0-notes.html#deprecations")
+
+    _specific_msg = (
+        "If you specifically wanted the numpy scalar type, use `np.{}` here.")
+
+    _int_extended_msg = (
+        "When replacing `np.{}`, you may wish to use e.g. `np.int64` "
+        "or `np.int32` to specify the precision. If you wish to review "
+        "your current use, check the release note link for "
+        "additional information.")
+
+    _type_info = [
+        ("object", ""),  # The NumPy scalar only exists by name.
+        ("bool", _specific_msg.format("bool_")),
+        ("float", _specific_msg.format("float64")),
+        ("complex", _specific_msg.format("complex128")),
+        ("str", _specific_msg.format("str_")),
+        ("int", _int_extended_msg.format("int"))]
+
+    __former_attrs__ = {
+         n: _msg.format(n=n, extended_msg=extended_msg)
+         for n, extended_msg in _type_info
+     }
+
+    # Future warning introduced in NumPy 1.24.0, 2022-11-17
+    _msg = (
+        "`np.{n}` is a deprecated alias for `{an}`.  (Deprecated NumPy 1.24)")
+
+    # Some of these are awkward (since `np.str` may be preferable in the long
+    # term), but overall the names ending in 0 seem undesirable
+    _type_info = [
+        ("bool8", bool_, "np.bool_"),
+        ("int0", intp, "np.intp"),
+        ("uint0", uintp, "np.uintp"),
+        ("str0", str_, "np.str_"),
+        ("bytes0", bytes_, "np.bytes_"),
+        ("void0", void, "np.void"),
+        ("object0", object_,
+            "`np.object0` is a deprecated alias for `np.object_`. "
+            "`object` can be used instead.  (Deprecated NumPy 1.24)")]
+
+    # Some of these could be defined right away, but most were aliases to
+    # the Python objects and only removed in NumPy 1.24.  Defining them should
+    # probably wait for NumPy 1.26 or 2.0.
+    # When defined, these should possibly not be added to `__all__` to avoid
+    # import with `from numpy import *`.
+    __future_scalars__ = {"bool", "long", "ulong", "str", "bytes", "object"}
+
+    __deprecated_attrs__.update({
+        n: (alias, _msg.format(n=n, an=an)) for n, alias, an in _type_info})
+
+    import math
+
+    __deprecated_attrs__['math'] = (math,
+        "`np.math` is a deprecated alias for the standard library `math` "
+        "module (Deprecated Numpy 1.25). Replace usages of `np.math` with "
+        "`math`")
+
+    del math, _msg, _type_info
+
+    from .core import abs
+    # now that numpy modules are imported, can initialize limits
+    core.getlimits._register_known_types()
+
+    __all__.extend(['__version__', 'show_config'])
+    __all__.extend(core.__all__)
+    __all__.extend(_mat.__all__)
+    __all__.extend(lib.__all__)
+    __all__.extend(['linalg', 'fft', 'random', 'ctypeslib', 'ma'])
+
+    # Remove min and max from __all__ to avoid `from numpy import *` override
+    # the builtins min/max. Temporary fix for 1.25.x/1.26.x, see gh-24229.
+    __all__.remove('min')
+    __all__.remove('max')
+    __all__.remove('round')
+
+    # Remove one of the two occurrences of `issubdtype`, which is exposed as
+    # both `numpy.core.issubdtype` and `numpy.lib.issubdtype`.
+    __all__.remove('issubdtype')
+
+    # These are exported by np.core, but are replaced by the builtins below
+    # remove them to ensure that we don't end up with `np.long == np.int_`,
+    # which would be a breaking change.
+    del long, unicode
+    __all__.remove('long')
+    __all__.remove('unicode')
+
+    # Remove things that are in the numpy.lib but not in the numpy namespace
+    # Note that there is a test (numpy/tests/test_public_api.py:test_numpy_namespace)
+    # that prevents adding more things to the main namespace by accident.
+    # The list below will grow until the `from .lib import *` fixme above is
+    # taken care of
+    __all__.remove('Arrayterator')
+    del Arrayterator
+
+    # These names were removed in NumPy 1.20.  For at least one release,
+    # attempts to access these names in the numpy namespace will trigger
+    # a warning, and calling the function will raise an exception.
+    _financial_names = ['fv', 'ipmt', 'irr', 'mirr', 'nper', 'npv', 'pmt',
+                        'ppmt', 'pv', 'rate']
+    __expired_functions__ = {
+        name: (f'In accordance with NEP 32, the function {name} was removed '
+               'from NumPy version 1.20.  A replacement for this function '
+               'is available in the numpy_financial library: '
+               'https://pypi.org/project/numpy-financial')
+        for name in _financial_names}
+
+    # Filter out Cython harmless warnings
+    warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message="numpy.dtype size changed")
+    warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message="numpy.ufunc size changed")
+    warnings.filterwarnings("ignore", message="numpy.ndarray size changed")
+
+    # oldnumeric and numarray were removed in 1.9. In case some packages import
+    # but do not use them, we define them here for backward compatibility.
+    oldnumeric = 'removed'
+    numarray = 'removed'
+
+    def __getattr__(attr):
+        # Warn for expired attributes, and return a dummy function
+        # that always raises an exception.
+        import warnings
+        import math
+        try:
+            msg = __expired_functions__[attr]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(msg, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+            def _expired(*args, **kwds):
+                raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+            return _expired
+
+        # Emit warnings for deprecated attributes
+        try:
+            val, msg = __deprecated_attrs__[attr]
+        except KeyError:
+            pass
+        else:
+            warnings.warn(msg, DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return val
+
+        if attr in __future_scalars__:
+            # And future warnings for those that will change, but also give
+            # the AttributeError
+            warnings.warn(
+                f"In the future `np.{attr}` will be defined as the "
+                "corresponding NumPy scalar.", FutureWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+        if attr in __former_attrs__:
+            raise AttributeError(__former_attrs__[attr])
+
+        if attr == 'testing':
+            import numpy.testing as testing
+            return testing
+        elif attr == 'Tester':
+            "Removed in NumPy 1.25.0"
+            raise RuntimeError("Tester was removed in NumPy 1.25.")
+
+        raise AttributeError("module {!r} has no attribute "
+                             "{!r}".format(__name__, attr))
+
+    def __dir__():
+        public_symbols = globals().keys() | {'testing'}
+        public_symbols -= {
+            "core", "matrixlib",
+            # These were moved in 1.25 and may be deprecated eventually:
+            "ModuleDeprecationWarning", "VisibleDeprecationWarning",
+            "ComplexWarning", "TooHardError", "AxisError"
+        }
+        return list(public_symbols)
+
+    # Pytest testing
+    from numpy._pytesttester import PytestTester
+    test = PytestTester(__name__)
+    del PytestTester
+
+    def _sanity_check():
+        """
+        Quick sanity checks for common bugs caused by environment.
+        There are some cases e.g. with wrong BLAS ABI that cause wrong
+        results under specific runtime conditions that are not necessarily
+        achieved during test suite runs, and it is useful to catch those early.
+
+        See https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/8577 and other
+        similar bug reports.
+
+        """
+        try:
+            x = ones(2, dtype=float32)
+            if not abs(x.dot(x) - float32(2.0)) < 1e-5:
+                raise AssertionError()
+        except AssertionError:
+            msg = ("The current Numpy installation ({!r}) fails to "
+                   "pass simple sanity checks. This can be caused for example "
+                   "by incorrect BLAS library being linked in, or by mixing "
+                   "package managers (pip, conda, apt, ...). Search closed "
+                   "numpy issues for similar problems.")
+            raise RuntimeError(msg.format(__file__)) from None
+
+    _sanity_check()
+    del _sanity_check
+
+    def _mac_os_check():
+        """
+        Quick Sanity check for Mac OS look for accelerate build bugs.
+        Testing numpy polyfit calls init_dgelsd(LAPACK)
+        """
+        try:
+            c = array([3., 2., 1.])
+            x = linspace(0, 2, 5)
+            y = polyval(c, x)
+            _ = polyfit(x, y, 2, cov=True)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+    if sys.platform == "darwin":
+        from . import exceptions
+        with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
+            _mac_os_check()
+            # Throw runtime error, if the test failed Check for warning and error_message
+            if len(w) > 0:
+                for _wn in w:
+                    if _wn.category is exceptions.RankWarning:
+                        # Ignore other warnings, they may not be relevant (see gh-25433).
+                        error_message = f"{_wn.category.__name__}: {str(_wn.message)}"
+                        msg = (
+                            "Polyfit sanity test emitted a warning, most likely due "
+                            "to using a buggy Accelerate backend."
+                            "\nIf you compiled yourself, more information is available at:"
+                            "\nhttps://numpy.org/devdocs/building/index.html"
+                            "\nOtherwise report this to the vendor "
+                            "that provided NumPy.\n\n{}\n".format(error_message))
+                        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+                del _wn
+            del w
+    del _mac_os_check
+
+    # We usually use madvise hugepages support, but on some old kernels it
+    # is slow and thus better avoided.
+    # Specifically kernel version 4.6 had a bug fix which probably fixed this:
+    # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/commit/7cf91a98e607c2f935dbcc177d70011e95b8faff
+    import os
+    use_hugepage = os.environ.get("NUMPY_MADVISE_HUGEPAGE", None)
+    if sys.platform == "linux" and use_hugepage is None:
+        # If there is an issue with parsing the kernel version,
+        # set use_hugepages to 0. Usage of LooseVersion will handle
+        # the kernel version parsing better, but avoided since it
+        # will increase the import time. See: #16679 for related discussion.
+        try:
+            use_hugepage = 1
+            kernel_version = os.uname().release.split(".")[:2]
+            kernel_version = tuple(int(v) for v in kernel_version)
+            if kernel_version < (4, 6):
+                use_hugepage = 0
+        except ValueError:
+            use_hugepages = 0
+    elif use_hugepage is None:
+        # This is not Linux, so it should not matter, just enable anyway
+        use_hugepage = 1
+    else:
+        use_hugepage = int(use_hugepage)
+
+    # Note that this will currently only make a difference on Linux
+    core.multiarray._set_madvise_hugepage(use_hugepage)
+    del use_hugepage
+
+    # Give a warning if NumPy is reloaded or imported on a sub-interpreter
+    # We do this from python, since the C-module may not be reloaded and
+    # it is tidier organized.
+    core.multiarray._multiarray_umath._reload_guard()
+
+    # default to "weak" promotion for "NumPy 2".
+    core._set_promotion_state(
+        os.environ.get("NPY_PROMOTION_STATE",
+                       "weak" if _using_numpy2_behavior() else "legacy"))
+
+    # Tell PyInstaller where to find hook-numpy.py
+    def _pyinstaller_hooks_dir():
+        from pathlib import Path
+        return [str(Path(__file__).with_name("_pyinstaller").resolve())]
+
+    # Remove symbols imported for internal use
+    del os
+
+
+# Remove symbols imported for internal use
+del sys, warnings

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/_globals.py

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+"""
+Module defining global singleton classes.
+
+This module raises a RuntimeError if an attempt to reload it is made. In that
+way the identities of the classes defined here are fixed and will remain so
+even if numpy itself is reloaded. In particular, a function like the following
+will still work correctly after numpy is reloaded::
+
+    def foo(arg=np._NoValue):
+        if arg is np._NoValue:
+            ...
+
+That was not the case when the singleton classes were defined in the numpy
+``__init__.py`` file. See gh-7844 for a discussion of the reload problem that
+motivated this module.
+
+"""
+import enum
+
+from ._utils import set_module as _set_module
+
+__all__ = ['_NoValue', '_CopyMode']
+
+
+# Disallow reloading this module so as to preserve the identities of the
+# classes defined here.
+if '_is_loaded' in globals():
+    raise RuntimeError('Reloading numpy._globals is not allowed')
+_is_loaded = True
+
+
+class _NoValueType:
+    """Special keyword value.
+
+    The instance of this class may be used as the default value assigned to a
+    keyword if no other obvious default (e.g., `None`) is suitable,
+
+    Common reasons for using this keyword are:
+
+    - A new keyword is added to a function, and that function forwards its
+      inputs to another function or method which can be defined outside of
+      NumPy. For example, ``np.std(x)`` calls ``x.std``, so when a ``keepdims``
+      keyword was added that could only be forwarded if the user explicitly
+      specified ``keepdims``; downstream array libraries may not have added
+      the same keyword, so adding ``x.std(..., keepdims=keepdims)``
+      unconditionally could have broken previously working code.
+    - A keyword is being deprecated, and a deprecation warning must only be
+      emitted when the keyword is used.
+
+    """
+    __instance = None
+    def __new__(cls):
+        # ensure that only one instance exists
+        if not cls.__instance:
+            cls.__instance = super().__new__(cls)
+        return cls.__instance
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<no value>"
+
+
+_NoValue = _NoValueType()
+
+
+@_set_module("numpy")
+class _CopyMode(enum.Enum):
+    """
+    An enumeration for the copy modes supported
+    by numpy.copy() and numpy.array(). The following three modes are supported,
+
+    - ALWAYS: This means that a deep copy of the input
+              array will always be taken.
+    - IF_NEEDED: This means that a deep copy of the input
+                 array will be taken only if necessary.
+    - NEVER: This means that the deep copy will never be taken.
+             If a copy cannot be avoided then a `ValueError` will be
+             raised.
+
+    Note that the buffer-protocol could in theory do copies.  NumPy currently
+    assumes an object exporting the buffer protocol will never do this.
+    """
+
+    ALWAYS = True
+    IF_NEEDED = False
+    NEVER = 2
+
+    def __bool__(self):
+        # For backwards compatibility
+        if self == _CopyMode.ALWAYS:
+            return True
+
+        if self == _CopyMode.IF_NEEDED:
+            return False
+
+        raise ValueError(f"{self} is neither True nor False.")

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/_pytesttester.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+from collections.abc import Iterable
+from typing import Literal as L
+
+__all__: list[str]
+
+class PytestTester:
+    module_name: str
+    def __init__(self, module_name: str) -> None: ...
+    def __call__(
+        self,
+        label: L["fast", "full"] = ...,
+        verbose: int = ...,
+        extra_argv: None | Iterable[str] = ...,
+        doctests: L[False] = ...,
+        coverage: bool = ...,
+        durations: int = ...,
+        tests: None | Iterable[str] = ...,
+    ) -> bool: ...

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/ctypeslib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,545 @@
+"""
+============================
+``ctypes`` Utility Functions
+============================
+
+See Also
+--------
+load_library : Load a C library.
+ndpointer : Array restype/argtype with verification.
+as_ctypes : Create a ctypes array from an ndarray.
+as_array : Create an ndarray from a ctypes array.
+
+References
+----------
+.. [1] "SciPy Cookbook: ctypes", https://scipy-cookbook.readthedocs.io/items/Ctypes.html
+
+Examples
+--------
+Load the C library:
+
+>>> _lib = np.ctypeslib.load_library('libmystuff', '.')     #doctest: +SKIP
+
+Our result type, an ndarray that must be of type double, be 1-dimensional
+and is C-contiguous in memory:
+
+>>> array_1d_double = np.ctypeslib.ndpointer(
+...                          dtype=np.double,
+...                          ndim=1, flags='CONTIGUOUS')    #doctest: +SKIP
+
+Our C-function typically takes an array and updates its values
+in-place.  For example::
+
+    void foo_func(double* x, int length)
+    {
+        int i;
+        for (i = 0; i < length; i++) {
+            x[i] = i*i;
+        }
+    }
+
+We wrap it using:
+
+>>> _lib.foo_func.restype = None                      #doctest: +SKIP
+>>> _lib.foo_func.argtypes = [array_1d_double, c_int] #doctest: +SKIP
+
+Then, we're ready to call ``foo_func``:
+
+>>> out = np.empty(15, dtype=np.double)
+>>> _lib.foo_func(out, len(out))                #doctest: +SKIP
+
+"""
+__all__ = ['load_library', 'ndpointer', 'c_intp', 'as_ctypes', 'as_array',
+           'as_ctypes_type']
+
+import os
+from numpy import (
+    integer, ndarray, dtype as _dtype, asarray, frombuffer
+)
+from numpy.core.multiarray import _flagdict, flagsobj
+
+try:
+    import ctypes
+except ImportError:
+    ctypes = None
+
+if ctypes is None:
+    def _dummy(*args, **kwds):
+        """
+        Dummy object that raises an ImportError if ctypes is not available.
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        ImportError
+            If ctypes is not available.
+
+        """
+        raise ImportError("ctypes is not available.")
+    load_library = _dummy
+    as_ctypes = _dummy
+    as_array = _dummy
+    from numpy import intp as c_intp
+    _ndptr_base = object
+else:
+    import numpy.core._internal as nic
+    c_intp = nic._getintp_ctype()
+    del nic
+    _ndptr_base = ctypes.c_void_p
+
+    # Adapted from Albert Strasheim
+    def load_library(libname, loader_path):
+        """
+        It is possible to load a library using
+
+        >>> lib = ctypes.cdll[<full_path_name>] # doctest: +SKIP
+
+        But there are cross-platform considerations, such as library file extensions,
+        plus the fact Windows will just load the first library it finds with that name.
+        NumPy supplies the load_library function as a convenience.
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 1.20.0
+            Allow libname and loader_path to take any
+            :term:`python:path-like object`.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        libname : path-like
+            Name of the library, which can have 'lib' as a prefix,
+            but without an extension.
+        loader_path : path-like
+            Where the library can be found.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        ctypes.cdll[libpath] : library object
+           A ctypes library object
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        OSError
+            If there is no library with the expected extension, or the
+            library is defective and cannot be loaded.
+        """
+        # Convert path-like objects into strings
+        libname = os.fsdecode(libname)
+        loader_path = os.fsdecode(loader_path)
+
+        ext = os.path.splitext(libname)[1]
+        if not ext:
+            import sys
+            import sysconfig
+            # Try to load library with platform-specific name, otherwise
+            # default to libname.[so|dll|dylib].  Sometimes, these files are
+            # built erroneously on non-linux platforms.
+            base_ext = ".so"
+            if sys.platform.startswith("darwin"):
+                base_ext = ".dylib"
+            elif sys.platform.startswith("win"):
+                base_ext = ".dll"
+            libname_ext = [libname + base_ext]
+            so_ext = sysconfig.get_config_var("EXT_SUFFIX")
+            if not so_ext == base_ext:
+                libname_ext.insert(0, libname + so_ext)
+        else:
+            libname_ext = [libname]
+
+        loader_path = os.path.abspath(loader_path)
+        if not os.path.isdir(loader_path):
+            libdir = os.path.dirname(loader_path)
+        else:
+            libdir = loader_path
+
+        for ln in libname_ext:
+            libpath = os.path.join(libdir, ln)
+            if os.path.exists(libpath):
+                try:
+                    return ctypes.cdll[libpath]
+                except OSError:
+                    ## defective lib file
+                    raise
+        ## if no successful return in the libname_ext loop:
+        raise OSError("no file with expected extension")
+
+
+def _num_fromflags(flaglist):
+    num = 0
+    for val in flaglist:
+        num += _flagdict[val]
+    return num
+
+_flagnames = ['C_CONTIGUOUS', 'F_CONTIGUOUS', 'ALIGNED', 'WRITEABLE',
+              'OWNDATA', 'WRITEBACKIFCOPY']
+def _flags_fromnum(num):
+    res = []
+    for key in _flagnames:
+        value = _flagdict[key]
+        if (num & value):
+            res.append(key)
+    return res
+
+
+class _ndptr(_ndptr_base):
+    @classmethod
+    def from_param(cls, obj):
+        if not isinstance(obj, ndarray):
+            raise TypeError("argument must be an ndarray")
+        if cls._dtype_ is not None \
+               and obj.dtype != cls._dtype_:
+            raise TypeError("array must have data type %s" % cls._dtype_)
+        if cls._ndim_ is not None \
+               and obj.ndim != cls._ndim_:
+            raise TypeError("array must have %d dimension(s)" % cls._ndim_)
+        if cls._shape_ is not None \
+               and obj.shape != cls._shape_:
+            raise TypeError("array must have shape %s" % str(cls._shape_))
+        if cls._flags_ is not None \
+               and ((obj.flags.num & cls._flags_) != cls._flags_):
+            raise TypeError("array must have flags %s" %
+                    _flags_fromnum(cls._flags_))
+        return obj.ctypes
+
+
+class _concrete_ndptr(_ndptr):
+    """
+    Like _ndptr, but with `_shape_` and `_dtype_` specified.
+
+    Notably, this means the pointer has enough information to reconstruct
+    the array, which is not generally true.
+    """
+    def _check_retval_(self):
+        """
+        This method is called when this class is used as the .restype
+        attribute for a shared-library function, to automatically wrap the
+        pointer into an array.
+        """
+        return self.contents
+
+    @property
+    def contents(self):
+        """
+        Get an ndarray viewing the data pointed to by this pointer.
+
+        This mirrors the `contents` attribute of a normal ctypes pointer
+        """
+        full_dtype = _dtype((self._dtype_, self._shape_))
+        full_ctype = ctypes.c_char * full_dtype.itemsize
+        buffer = ctypes.cast(self, ctypes.POINTER(full_ctype)).contents
+        return frombuffer(buffer, dtype=full_dtype).squeeze(axis=0)
+
+
+# Factory for an array-checking class with from_param defined for
+#  use with ctypes argtypes mechanism
+_pointer_type_cache = {}
+def ndpointer(dtype=None, ndim=None, shape=None, flags=None):
+    """
+    Array-checking restype/argtypes.
+
+    An ndpointer instance is used to describe an ndarray in restypes
+    and argtypes specifications.  This approach is more flexible than
+    using, for example, ``POINTER(c_double)``, since several restrictions
+    can be specified, which are verified upon calling the ctypes function.
+    These include data type, number of dimensions, shape and flags.  If a
+    given array does not satisfy the specified restrictions,
+    a ``TypeError`` is raised.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        Array data-type.
+    ndim : int, optional
+        Number of array dimensions.
+    shape : tuple of ints, optional
+        Array shape.
+    flags : str or tuple of str
+        Array flags; may be one or more of:
+
+          - C_CONTIGUOUS / C / CONTIGUOUS
+          - F_CONTIGUOUS / F / FORTRAN
+          - OWNDATA / O
+          - WRITEABLE / W
+          - ALIGNED / A
+          - WRITEBACKIFCOPY / X
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    klass : ndpointer type object
+        A type object, which is an ``_ndtpr`` instance containing
+        dtype, ndim, shape and flags information.
+
+    Raises
+    ------
+    TypeError
+        If a given array does not satisfy the specified restrictions.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> clib.somefunc.argtypes = [np.ctypeslib.ndpointer(dtype=np.float64,
+    ...                                                  ndim=1,
+    ...                                                  flags='C_CONTIGUOUS')]
+    ... #doctest: +SKIP
+    >>> clib.somefunc(np.array([1, 2, 3], dtype=np.float64))
+    ... #doctest: +SKIP
+
+    """
+
+    # normalize dtype to an Optional[dtype]
+    if dtype is not None:
+        dtype = _dtype(dtype)
+
+    # normalize flags to an Optional[int]
+    num = None
+    if flags is not None:
+        if isinstance(flags, str):
+            flags = flags.split(',')
+        elif isinstance(flags, (int, integer)):
+            num = flags
+            flags = _flags_fromnum(num)
+        elif isinstance(flags, flagsobj):
+            num = flags.num
+            flags = _flags_fromnum(num)
+        if num is None:
+            try:
+                flags = [x.strip().upper() for x in flags]
+            except Exception as e:
+                raise TypeError("invalid flags specification") from e
+            num = _num_fromflags(flags)
+
+    # normalize shape to an Optional[tuple]
+    if shape is not None:
+        try:
+            shape = tuple(shape)
+        except TypeError:
+            # single integer -> 1-tuple
+            shape = (shape,)
+
+    cache_key = (dtype, ndim, shape, num)
+
+    try:
+        return _pointer_type_cache[cache_key]
+    except KeyError:
+        pass
+
+    # produce a name for the new type
+    if dtype is None:
+        name = 'any'
+    elif dtype.names is not None:
+        name = str(id(dtype))
+    else:
+        name = dtype.str
+    if ndim is not None:
+        name += "_%dd" % ndim
+    if shape is not None:
+        name += "_"+"x".join(str(x) for x in shape)
+    if flags is not None:
+        name += "_"+"_".join(flags)
+
+    if dtype is not None and shape is not None:
+        base = _concrete_ndptr
+    else:
+        base = _ndptr
+
+    klass = type("ndpointer_%s"%name, (base,),
+                 {"_dtype_": dtype,
+                  "_shape_" : shape,
+                  "_ndim_" : ndim,
+                  "_flags_" : num})
+    _pointer_type_cache[cache_key] = klass
+    return klass
+
+
+if ctypes is not None:
+    def _ctype_ndarray(element_type, shape):
+        """ Create an ndarray of the given element type and shape """
+        for dim in shape[::-1]:
+            element_type = dim * element_type
+            # prevent the type name include np.ctypeslib
+            element_type.__module__ = None
+        return element_type
+
+
+    def _get_scalar_type_map():
+        """
+        Return a dictionary mapping native endian scalar dtype to ctypes types
+        """
+        ct = ctypes
+        simple_types = [
+            ct.c_byte, ct.c_short, ct.c_int, ct.c_long, ct.c_longlong,
+            ct.c_ubyte, ct.c_ushort, ct.c_uint, ct.c_ulong, ct.c_ulonglong,
+            ct.c_float, ct.c_double,
+            ct.c_bool,
+        ]
+        return {_dtype(ctype): ctype for ctype in simple_types}
+
+
+    _scalar_type_map = _get_scalar_type_map()
+
+
+    def _ctype_from_dtype_scalar(dtype):
+        # swapping twice ensure that `=` is promoted to <, >, or |
+        dtype_with_endian = dtype.newbyteorder('S').newbyteorder('S')
+        dtype_native = dtype.newbyteorder('=')
+        try:
+            ctype = _scalar_type_map[dtype_native]
+        except KeyError as e:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "Converting {!r} to a ctypes type".format(dtype)
+            ) from None
+
+        if dtype_with_endian.byteorder == '>':
+            ctype = ctype.__ctype_be__
+        elif dtype_with_endian.byteorder == '<':
+            ctype = ctype.__ctype_le__
+
+        return ctype
+
+
+    def _ctype_from_dtype_subarray(dtype):
+        element_dtype, shape = dtype.subdtype
+        ctype = _ctype_from_dtype(element_dtype)
+        return _ctype_ndarray(ctype, shape)
+
+
+    def _ctype_from_dtype_structured(dtype):
+        # extract offsets of each field
+        field_data = []
+        for name in dtype.names:
+            field_dtype, offset = dtype.fields[name][:2]
+            field_data.append((offset, name, _ctype_from_dtype(field_dtype)))
+
+        # ctypes doesn't care about field order
+        field_data = sorted(field_data, key=lambda f: f[0])
+
+        if len(field_data) > 1 and all(offset == 0 for offset, name, ctype in field_data):
+            # union, if multiple fields all at address 0
+            size = 0
+            _fields_ = []
+            for offset, name, ctype in field_data:
+                _fields_.append((name, ctype))
+                size = max(size, ctypes.sizeof(ctype))
+
+            # pad to the right size
+            if dtype.itemsize != size:
+                _fields_.append(('', ctypes.c_char * dtype.itemsize))
+
+            # we inserted manual padding, so always `_pack_`
+            return type('union', (ctypes.Union,), dict(
+                _fields_=_fields_,
+                _pack_=1,
+                __module__=None,
+            ))
+        else:
+            last_offset = 0
+            _fields_ = []
+            for offset, name, ctype in field_data:
+                padding = offset - last_offset
+                if padding < 0:
+                    raise NotImplementedError("Overlapping fields")
+                if padding > 0:
+                    _fields_.append(('', ctypes.c_char * padding))
+
+                _fields_.append((name, ctype))
+                last_offset = offset + ctypes.sizeof(ctype)
+
+
+            padding = dtype.itemsize - last_offset
+            if padding > 0:
+                _fields_.append(('', ctypes.c_char * padding))
+
+            # we inserted manual padding, so always `_pack_`
+            return type('struct', (ctypes.Structure,), dict(
+                _fields_=_fields_,
+                _pack_=1,
+                __module__=None,
+            ))
+
+
+    def _ctype_from_dtype(dtype):
+        if dtype.fields is not None:
+            return _ctype_from_dtype_structured(dtype)
+        elif dtype.subdtype is not None:
+            return _ctype_from_dtype_subarray(dtype)
+        else:
+            return _ctype_from_dtype_scalar(dtype)
+
+
+    def as_ctypes_type(dtype):
+        r"""
+        Convert a dtype into a ctypes type.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        dtype : dtype
+            The dtype to convert
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+        ctype
+            A ctype scalar, union, array, or struct
+
+        Raises
+        ------
+        NotImplementedError
+            If the conversion is not possible
+
+        Notes
+        -----
+        This function does not losslessly round-trip in either direction.
+
+        ``np.dtype(as_ctypes_type(dt))`` will:
+
+         - insert padding fields
+         - reorder fields to be sorted by offset
+         - discard field titles
+
+        ``as_ctypes_type(np.dtype(ctype))`` will:
+
+         - discard the class names of `ctypes.Structure`\ s and
+           `ctypes.Union`\ s
+         - convert single-element `ctypes.Union`\ s into single-element
+           `ctypes.Structure`\ s
+         - insert padding fields
+
+        """
+        return _ctype_from_dtype(_dtype(dtype))
+
+
+    def as_array(obj, shape=None):
+        """
+        Create a numpy array from a ctypes array or POINTER.
+
+        The numpy array shares the memory with the ctypes object.
+
+        The shape parameter must be given if converting from a ctypes POINTER.
+        The shape parameter is ignored if converting from a ctypes array
+        """
+        if isinstance(obj, ctypes._Pointer):
+            # convert pointers to an array of the desired shape
+            if shape is None:
+                raise TypeError(
+                    'as_array() requires a shape argument when called on a '
+                    'pointer')
+            p_arr_type = ctypes.POINTER(_ctype_ndarray(obj._type_, shape))
+            obj = ctypes.cast(obj, p_arr_type).contents
+
+        return asarray(obj)
+
+
+    def as_ctypes(obj):
+        """Create and return a ctypes object from a numpy array.  Actually
+        anything that exposes the __array_interface__ is accepted."""
+        ai = obj.__array_interface__
+        if ai["strides"]:
+            raise TypeError("strided arrays not supported")
+        if ai["version"] != 3:
+            raise TypeError("only __array_interface__ version 3 supported")
+        addr, readonly = ai["data"]
+        if readonly:
+            raise TypeError("readonly arrays unsupported")
+
+        # can't use `_dtype((ai["typestr"], ai["shape"]))` here, as it overflows
+        # dtype.itemsize (gh-14214)
+        ctype_scalar = as_ctypes_type(ai["typestr"])
+        result_type = _ctype_ndarray(ctype_scalar, ai["shape"])
+        result = result_type.from_address(addr)
+        result.__keep = obj
+        return result

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/ctypeslib.pyi

@@ -0,0 +1,251 @@
+# NOTE: Numpy's mypy plugin is used for importing the correct
+# platform-specific `ctypes._SimpleCData[int]` sub-type
+from ctypes import c_int64 as _c_intp
+
+import os
+import sys
+import ctypes
+from collections.abc import Iterable, Sequence
+from typing import (
+    Literal as L,
+    Any,
+    Union,
+    TypeVar,
+    Generic,
+    overload,
+    ClassVar,
+)
+
+from numpy import (
+    ndarray,
+    dtype,
+    generic,
+    bool_,
+    byte,
+    short,
+    intc,
+    int_,
+    longlong,
+    ubyte,
+    ushort,
+    uintc,
+    uint,
+    ulonglong,
+    single,
+    double,
+    longdouble,
+    void,
+)
+from numpy.core._internal import _ctypes
+from numpy.core.multiarray import flagsobj
+from numpy._typing import (
+    # Arrays
+    NDArray,
+    _ArrayLike,
+
+    # Shapes
+    _ShapeLike,
+
+    # DTypes
+    DTypeLike,
+    _DTypeLike,
+    _VoidDTypeLike,
+    _BoolCodes,
+    _UByteCodes,
+    _UShortCodes,
+    _UIntCCodes,
+    _UIntCodes,
+    _ULongLongCodes,
+    _ByteCodes,
+    _ShortCodes,
+    _IntCCodes,
+    _IntCodes,
+    _LongLongCodes,
+    _SingleCodes,
+    _DoubleCodes,
+    _LongDoubleCodes,
+)
+
+# TODO: Add a proper `_Shape` bound once we've got variadic typevars
+_DType = TypeVar("_DType", bound=dtype[Any])
+_DTypeOptional = TypeVar("_DTypeOptional", bound=None | dtype[Any])
+_SCT = TypeVar("_SCT", bound=generic)
+
+_FlagsKind = L[
+    'C_CONTIGUOUS', 'CONTIGUOUS', 'C',
+    'F_CONTIGUOUS', 'FORTRAN', 'F',
+    'ALIGNED', 'A',
+    'WRITEABLE', 'W',
+    'OWNDATA', 'O',
+    'WRITEBACKIFCOPY', 'X',
+]
+
+# TODO: Add a shape typevar once we have variadic typevars (PEP 646)
+class _ndptr(ctypes.c_void_p, Generic[_DTypeOptional]):
+    # In practice these 4 classvars are defined in the dynamic class
+    # returned by `ndpointer`
+    _dtype_: ClassVar[_DTypeOptional]
+    _shape_: ClassVar[None]
+    _ndim_: ClassVar[None | int]
+    _flags_: ClassVar[None | list[_FlagsKind]]
+
+    @overload
+    @classmethod
+    def from_param(cls: type[_ndptr[None]], obj: ndarray[Any, Any]) -> _ctypes[Any]: ...
+    @overload
+    @classmethod
+    def from_param(cls: type[_ndptr[_DType]], obj: ndarray[Any, _DType]) -> _ctypes[Any]: ...
+
+class _concrete_ndptr(_ndptr[_DType]):
+    _dtype_: ClassVar[_DType]
+    _shape_: ClassVar[tuple[int, ...]]
+    @property
+    def contents(self) -> ndarray[Any, _DType]: ...
+
+def load_library(
+    libname: str | bytes | os.PathLike[str] | os.PathLike[bytes],
+    loader_path: str | bytes | os.PathLike[str] | os.PathLike[bytes],
+) -> ctypes.CDLL: ...
+
+__all__: list[str]
+
+c_intp = _c_intp
+
+@overload
+def ndpointer(
+    dtype: None = ...,
+    ndim: int = ...,
+    shape: None | _ShapeLike = ...,
+    flags: None | _FlagsKind | Iterable[_FlagsKind] | int | flagsobj = ...,
+) -> type[_ndptr[None]]: ...
+@overload
+def ndpointer(
+    dtype: _DTypeLike[_SCT],
+    ndim: int = ...,
+    *,
+    shape: _ShapeLike,
+    flags: None | _FlagsKind | Iterable[_FlagsKind] | int | flagsobj = ...,
+) -> type[_concrete_ndptr[dtype[_SCT]]]: ...
+@overload
+def ndpointer(
+    dtype: DTypeLike,
+    ndim: int = ...,
+    *,
+    shape: _ShapeLike,
+    flags: None | _FlagsKind | Iterable[_FlagsKind] | int | flagsobj = ...,
+) -> type[_concrete_ndptr[dtype[Any]]]: ...
+@overload
+def ndpointer(
+    dtype: _DTypeLike[_SCT],
+    ndim: int = ...,
+    shape: None = ...,
+    flags: None | _FlagsKind | Iterable[_FlagsKind] | int | flagsobj = ...,
+) -> type[_ndptr[dtype[_SCT]]]: ...
+@overload
+def ndpointer(
+    dtype: DTypeLike,
+    ndim: int = ...,
+    shape: None = ...,
+    flags: None | _FlagsKind | Iterable[_FlagsKind] | int | flagsobj = ...,
+) -> type[_ndptr[dtype[Any]]]: ...
+
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _BoolCodes | _DTypeLike[bool_] | type[ctypes.c_bool]) -> type[ctypes.c_bool]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _ByteCodes | _DTypeLike[byte] | type[ctypes.c_byte]) -> type[ctypes.c_byte]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _ShortCodes | _DTypeLike[short] | type[ctypes.c_short]) -> type[ctypes.c_short]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _IntCCodes | _DTypeLike[intc] | type[ctypes.c_int]) -> type[ctypes.c_int]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _IntCodes | _DTypeLike[int_] | type[int | ctypes.c_long]) -> type[ctypes.c_long]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _LongLongCodes | _DTypeLike[longlong] | type[ctypes.c_longlong]) -> type[ctypes.c_longlong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _UByteCodes | _DTypeLike[ubyte] | type[ctypes.c_ubyte]) -> type[ctypes.c_ubyte]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _UShortCodes | _DTypeLike[ushort] | type[ctypes.c_ushort]) -> type[ctypes.c_ushort]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _UIntCCodes | _DTypeLike[uintc] | type[ctypes.c_uint]) -> type[ctypes.c_uint]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _UIntCodes | _DTypeLike[uint] | type[ctypes.c_ulong]) -> type[ctypes.c_ulong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _ULongLongCodes | _DTypeLike[ulonglong] | type[ctypes.c_ulonglong]) -> type[ctypes.c_ulonglong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _SingleCodes | _DTypeLike[single] | type[ctypes.c_float]) -> type[ctypes.c_float]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _DoubleCodes | _DTypeLike[double] | type[float | ctypes.c_double]) -> type[ctypes.c_double]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _LongDoubleCodes | _DTypeLike[longdouble] | type[ctypes.c_longdouble]) -> type[ctypes.c_longdouble]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: _VoidDTypeLike) -> type[Any]: ...  # `ctypes.Union` or `ctypes.Structure`
+@overload
+def as_ctypes_type(dtype: str) -> type[Any]: ...
+
+@overload
+def as_array(obj: ctypes._PointerLike, shape: Sequence[int]) -> NDArray[Any]: ...
+@overload
+def as_array(obj: _ArrayLike[_SCT], shape: None | _ShapeLike = ...) -> NDArray[_SCT]: ...
+@overload
+def as_array(obj: object, shape: None | _ShapeLike = ...) -> NDArray[Any]: ...
+
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: bool_) -> ctypes.c_bool: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: byte) -> ctypes.c_byte: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: short) -> ctypes.c_short: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: intc) -> ctypes.c_int: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: int_) -> ctypes.c_long: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: longlong) -> ctypes.c_longlong: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: ubyte) -> ctypes.c_ubyte: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: ushort) -> ctypes.c_ushort: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: uintc) -> ctypes.c_uint: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: uint) -> ctypes.c_ulong: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: ulonglong) -> ctypes.c_ulonglong: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: single) -> ctypes.c_float: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: double) -> ctypes.c_double: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: longdouble) -> ctypes.c_longdouble: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: void) -> Any: ...  # `ctypes.Union` or `ctypes.Structure`
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[bool_]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_bool]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[byte]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_byte]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[short]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_short]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[intc]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_int]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[int_]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_long]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[longlong]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_longlong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[ubyte]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_ubyte]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[ushort]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_ushort]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[uintc]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_uint]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[uint]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_ulong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[ulonglong]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_ulonglong]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[single]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_float]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[double]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_double]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[longdouble]) -> ctypes.Array[ctypes.c_longdouble]: ...
+@overload
+def as_ctypes(obj: NDArray[void]) -> ctypes.Array[Any]: ...  # `ctypes.Union` or `ctypes.Structure`

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/numpy/matlib.py

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+import warnings
+
+# 2018-05-29, PendingDeprecationWarning added to matrix.__new__
+# 2020-01-23, numpy 1.19.0 PendingDeprecatonWarning
+warnings.warn("Importing from numpy.matlib is deprecated since 1.19.0. "
+              "The matrix subclass is not the recommended way to represent "
+              "matrices or deal with linear algebra (see "
+              "https://docs.scipy.org/doc/numpy/user/numpy-for-matlab-users.html). "
+              "Please adjust your code to use regular ndarray. ",
+              PendingDeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+import numpy as np
+from numpy.matrixlib.defmatrix import matrix, asmatrix
+# Matlib.py contains all functions in the numpy namespace with a few
+# replacements. See doc/source/reference/routines.matlib.rst for details.
+# Need * as we're copying the numpy namespace.
+from numpy import *  # noqa: F403
+
+__version__ = np.__version__
+
+__all__ = np.__all__[:] # copy numpy namespace
+__all__ += ['rand', 'randn', 'repmat']
+
+def empty(shape, dtype=None, order='C'):
+    """Return a new matrix of given shape and type, without initializing entries.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    shape : int or tuple of int
+        Shape of the empty matrix.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        Desired output data-type.
+    order : {'C', 'F'}, optional
+        Whether to store multi-dimensional data in row-major
+        (C-style) or column-major (Fortran-style) order in
+        memory.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    empty_like, zeros
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    `empty`, unlike `zeros`, does not set the matrix values to zero,
+    and may therefore be marginally faster.  On the other hand, it requires
+    the user to manually set all the values in the array, and should be
+    used with caution.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.empty((2, 2))    # filled with random data
+    matrix([[  6.76425276e-320,   9.79033856e-307], # random
+            [  7.39337286e-309,   3.22135945e-309]])
+    >>> np.matlib.empty((2, 2), dtype=int)
+    matrix([[ 6600475,        0], # random
+            [ 6586976, 22740995]])
+
+    """
+    return ndarray.__new__(matrix, shape, dtype, order=order)
+
+def ones(shape, dtype=None, order='C'):
+    """
+    Matrix of ones.
+
+    Return a matrix of given shape and type, filled with ones.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    shape : {sequence of ints, int}
+        Shape of the matrix
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        The desired data-type for the matrix, default is np.float64.
+    order : {'C', 'F'}, optional
+        Whether to store matrix in C- or Fortran-contiguous order,
+        default is 'C'.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : matrix
+        Matrix of ones of given shape, dtype, and order.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    ones : Array of ones.
+    matlib.zeros : Zero matrix.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    If `shape` has length one i.e. ``(N,)``, or is a scalar ``N``,
+    `out` becomes a single row matrix of shape ``(1,N)``.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> np.matlib.ones((2,3))
+    matrix([[1.,  1.,  1.],
+            [1.,  1.,  1.]])
+
+    >>> np.matlib.ones(2)
+    matrix([[1.,  1.]])
+
+    """
+    a = ndarray.__new__(matrix, shape, dtype, order=order)
+    a.fill(1)
+    return a
+
+def zeros(shape, dtype=None, order='C'):
+    """
+    Return a matrix of given shape and type, filled with zeros.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    shape : int or sequence of ints
+        Shape of the matrix
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        The desired data-type for the matrix, default is float.
+    order : {'C', 'F'}, optional
+        Whether to store the result in C- or Fortran-contiguous order,
+        default is 'C'.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : matrix
+        Zero matrix of given shape, dtype, and order.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.zeros : Equivalent array function.
+    matlib.ones : Return a matrix of ones.
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    If `shape` has length one i.e. ``(N,)``, or is a scalar ``N``,
+    `out` becomes a single row matrix of shape ``(1,N)``.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.zeros((2, 3))
+    matrix([[0.,  0.,  0.],
+            [0.,  0.,  0.]])
+
+    >>> np.matlib.zeros(2)
+    matrix([[0.,  0.]])
+
+    """
+    a = ndarray.__new__(matrix, shape, dtype, order=order)
+    a.fill(0)
+    return a
+
+def identity(n,dtype=None):
+    """
+    Returns the square identity matrix of given size.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    n : int
+        Size of the returned identity matrix.
+    dtype : data-type, optional
+        Data-type of the output. Defaults to ``float``.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : matrix
+        `n` x `n` matrix with its main diagonal set to one,
+        and all other elements zero.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.identity : Equivalent array function.
+    matlib.eye : More general matrix identity function.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.identity(3, dtype=int)
+    matrix([[1, 0, 0],
+            [0, 1, 0],
+            [0, 0, 1]])
+
+    """
+    a = array([1]+n*[0], dtype=dtype)
+    b = empty((n, n), dtype=dtype)
+    b.flat = a
+    return b
+
+def eye(n,M=None, k=0, dtype=float, order='C'):
+    """
+    Return a matrix with ones on the diagonal and zeros elsewhere.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    n : int
+        Number of rows in the output.
+    M : int, optional
+        Number of columns in the output, defaults to `n`.
+    k : int, optional
+        Index of the diagonal: 0 refers to the main diagonal,
+        a positive value refers to an upper diagonal,
+        and a negative value to a lower diagonal.
+    dtype : dtype, optional
+        Data-type of the returned matrix.
+    order : {'C', 'F'}, optional
+        Whether the output should be stored in row-major (C-style) or
+        column-major (Fortran-style) order in memory.
+
+        .. versionadded:: 1.14.0
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    I : matrix
+        A `n` x `M` matrix where all elements are equal to zero,
+        except for the `k`-th diagonal, whose values are equal to one.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    numpy.eye : Equivalent array function.
+    identity : Square identity matrix.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.eye(3, k=1, dtype=float)
+    matrix([[0.,  1.,  0.],
+            [0.,  0.,  1.],
+            [0.,  0.,  0.]])
+
+    """
+    return asmatrix(np.eye(n, M=M, k=k, dtype=dtype, order=order))
+
+def rand(*args):
+    """
+    Return a matrix of random values with given shape.
+
+    Create a matrix of the given shape and propagate it with
+    random samples from a uniform distribution over ``[0, 1)``.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    \\*args : Arguments
+        Shape of the output.
+        If given as N integers, each integer specifies the size of one
+        dimension.
+        If given as a tuple, this tuple gives the complete shape.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : ndarray
+        The matrix of random values with shape given by `\\*args`.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    randn, numpy.random.RandomState.rand
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> np.random.seed(123)
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.rand(2, 3)
+    matrix([[0.69646919, 0.28613933, 0.22685145],
+            [0.55131477, 0.71946897, 0.42310646]])
+    >>> np.matlib.rand((2, 3))
+    matrix([[0.9807642 , 0.68482974, 0.4809319 ],
+            [0.39211752, 0.34317802, 0.72904971]])
+
+    If the first argument is a tuple, other arguments are ignored:
+
+    >>> np.matlib.rand((2, 3), 4)
+    matrix([[0.43857224, 0.0596779 , 0.39804426],
+            [0.73799541, 0.18249173, 0.17545176]])
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(args[0], tuple):
+        args = args[0]
+    return asmatrix(np.random.rand(*args))
+
+def randn(*args):
+    """
+    Return a random matrix with data from the "standard normal" distribution.
+
+    `randn` generates a matrix filled with random floats sampled from a
+    univariate "normal" (Gaussian) distribution of mean 0 and variance 1.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    \\*args : Arguments
+        Shape of the output.
+        If given as N integers, each integer specifies the size of one
+        dimension. If given as a tuple, this tuple gives the complete shape.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    Z : matrix of floats
+        A matrix of floating-point samples drawn from the standard normal
+        distribution.
+
+    See Also
+    --------
+    rand, numpy.random.RandomState.randn
+
+    Notes
+    -----
+    For random samples from the normal distribution with mean ``mu`` and
+    standard deviation ``sigma``, use::
+
+        sigma * np.matlib.randn(...) + mu
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> np.random.seed(123)
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> np.matlib.randn(1)
+    matrix([[-1.0856306]])
+    >>> np.matlib.randn(1, 2, 3)
+    matrix([[ 0.99734545,  0.2829785 , -1.50629471],
+            [-0.57860025,  1.65143654, -2.42667924]])
+
+    Two-by-four matrix of samples from the normal distribution with
+    mean 3 and standard deviation 2.5:
+
+    >>> 2.5 * np.matlib.randn((2, 4)) + 3
+    matrix([[1.92771843, 6.16484065, 0.83314899, 1.30278462],
+            [2.76322758, 6.72847407, 1.40274501, 1.8900451 ]])
+
+    """
+    if isinstance(args[0], tuple):
+        args = args[0]
+    return asmatrix(np.random.randn(*args))
+
+def repmat(a, m, n):
+    """
+    Repeat a 0-D to 2-D array or matrix MxN times.
+
+    Parameters
+    ----------
+    a : array_like
+        The array or matrix to be repeated.
+    m, n : int
+        The number of times `a` is repeated along the first and second axes.
+
+    Returns
+    -------
+    out : ndarray
+        The result of repeating `a`.
+
+    Examples
+    --------
+    >>> import numpy.matlib
+    >>> a0 = np.array(1)
+    >>> np.matlib.repmat(a0, 2, 3)
+    array([[1, 1, 1],
+           [1, 1, 1]])
+
+    >>> a1 = np.arange(4)
+    >>> np.matlib.repmat(a1, 2, 2)
+    array([[0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3],
+           [0, 1, 2, 3, 0, 1, 2, 3]])
+
+    >>> a2 = np.asmatrix(np.arange(6).reshape(2, 3))
+    >>> np.matlib.repmat(a2, 2, 3)
+    matrix([[0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2],
+            [3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5],
+            [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2],
+            [3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5, 3, 4, 5]])
+
+    """
+    a = asanyarray(a)
+    ndim = a.ndim
+    if ndim == 0:
+        origrows, origcols = (1, 1)
+    elif ndim == 1:
+        origrows, origcols = (1, a.shape[0])
+    else:
+        origrows, origcols = a.shape
+    rows = origrows * m
+    cols = origcols * n
+    c = a.reshape(1, a.size).repeat(m, 0).reshape(rows, origcols).repeat(n, 0)
+    return c.reshape(rows, cols)

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2492 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""psutil is a cross-platform library for retrieving information on
+running processes and system utilization (CPU, memory, disks, network,
+sensors) in Python. Supported platforms:
+
+ - Linux
+ - Windows
+ - macOS
+ - FreeBSD
+ - OpenBSD
+ - NetBSD
+ - Sun Solaris
+ - AIX
+
+Works with Python versions 2.7 and 3.6+.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import division
+
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import datetime
+import functools
+import os
+import signal
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import threading
+import time
+
+
+try:
+    import pwd
+except ImportError:
+    pwd = None
+
+from . import _common
+from ._common import AIX
+from ._common import BSD
+from ._common import CONN_CLOSE
+from ._common import CONN_CLOSE_WAIT
+from ._common import CONN_CLOSING
+from ._common import CONN_ESTABLISHED
+from ._common import CONN_FIN_WAIT1
+from ._common import CONN_FIN_WAIT2
+from ._common import CONN_LAST_ACK
+from ._common import CONN_LISTEN
+from ._common import CONN_NONE
+from ._common import CONN_SYN_RECV
+from ._common import CONN_SYN_SENT
+from ._common import CONN_TIME_WAIT
+from ._common import FREEBSD  # NOQA
+from ._common import LINUX
+from ._common import MACOS
+from ._common import NETBSD  # NOQA
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_FULL
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_HALF
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN
+from ._common import OPENBSD  # NOQA
+from ._common import OSX  # deprecated alias
+from ._common import POSIX  # NOQA
+from ._common import POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+from ._common import POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+from ._common import STATUS_DEAD
+from ._common import STATUS_DISK_SLEEP
+from ._common import STATUS_IDLE
+from ._common import STATUS_LOCKED
+from ._common import STATUS_PARKED
+from ._common import STATUS_RUNNING
+from ._common import STATUS_SLEEPING
+from ._common import STATUS_STOPPED
+from ._common import STATUS_TRACING_STOP
+from ._common import STATUS_WAITING
+from ._common import STATUS_WAKING
+from ._common import STATUS_ZOMBIE
+from ._common import SUNOS
+from ._common import WINDOWS
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import Error
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import TimeoutExpired
+from ._common import ZombieProcess
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import wrap_numbers as _wrap_numbers
+from ._compat import PY3 as _PY3
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+from ._compat import SubprocessTimeoutExpired as _SubprocessTimeoutExpired
+from ._compat import long
+
+
+if LINUX:
+    # This is public API and it will be retrieved from _pslinux.py
+    # via sys.modules.
+    PROCFS_PATH = "/proc"
+
+    from . import _pslinux as _psplatform
+    from ._pslinux import IOPRIO_CLASS_BE  # NOQA
+    from ._pslinux import IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE  # NOQA
+    from ._pslinux import IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE  # NOQA
+    from ._pslinux import IOPRIO_CLASS_RT  # NOQA
+
+elif WINDOWS:
+    from . import _pswindows as _psplatform
+    from ._psutil_windows import ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._psutil_windows import BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._psutil_windows import HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._psutil_windows import IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._psutil_windows import NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._psutil_windows import REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS  # NOQA
+    from ._pswindows import CONN_DELETE_TCB  # NOQA
+    from ._pswindows import IOPRIO_HIGH  # NOQA
+    from ._pswindows import IOPRIO_LOW  # NOQA
+    from ._pswindows import IOPRIO_NORMAL  # NOQA
+    from ._pswindows import IOPRIO_VERYLOW  # NOQA
+
+elif MACOS:
+    from . import _psosx as _psplatform
+
+elif BSD:
+    from . import _psbsd as _psplatform
+
+elif SUNOS:
+    from . import _pssunos as _psplatform
+    from ._pssunos import CONN_BOUND  # NOQA
+    from ._pssunos import CONN_IDLE  # NOQA
+
+    # This is public writable API which is read from _pslinux.py and
+    # _pssunos.py via sys.modules.
+    PROCFS_PATH = "/proc"
+
+elif AIX:
+    from . import _psaix as _psplatform
+
+    # This is public API and it will be retrieved from _pslinux.py
+    # via sys.modules.
+    PROCFS_PATH = "/proc"
+
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+    raise NotImplementedError('platform %s is not supported' % sys.platform)
+
+
+# fmt: off
+__all__ = [
+    # exceptions
+    "Error", "NoSuchProcess", "ZombieProcess", "AccessDenied",
+    "TimeoutExpired",
+
+    # constants
+    "version_info", "__version__",
+
+    "STATUS_RUNNING", "STATUS_IDLE", "STATUS_SLEEPING", "STATUS_DISK_SLEEP",
+    "STATUS_STOPPED", "STATUS_TRACING_STOP", "STATUS_ZOMBIE", "STATUS_DEAD",
+    "STATUS_WAKING", "STATUS_LOCKED", "STATUS_WAITING", "STATUS_LOCKED",
+    "STATUS_PARKED",
+
+    "CONN_ESTABLISHED", "CONN_SYN_SENT", "CONN_SYN_RECV", "CONN_FIN_WAIT1",
+    "CONN_FIN_WAIT2", "CONN_TIME_WAIT", "CONN_CLOSE", "CONN_CLOSE_WAIT",
+    "CONN_LAST_ACK", "CONN_LISTEN", "CONN_CLOSING", "CONN_NONE",
+    # "CONN_IDLE", "CONN_BOUND",
+
+    "AF_LINK",
+
+    "NIC_DUPLEX_FULL", "NIC_DUPLEX_HALF", "NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN",
+
+    "POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN", "POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED",
+
+    "BSD", "FREEBSD", "LINUX", "NETBSD", "OPENBSD", "MACOS", "OSX", "POSIX",
+    "SUNOS", "WINDOWS", "AIX",
+
+    # "RLIM_INFINITY", "RLIMIT_AS", "RLIMIT_CORE", "RLIMIT_CPU", "RLIMIT_DATA",
+    # "RLIMIT_FSIZE", "RLIMIT_LOCKS", "RLIMIT_MEMLOCK", "RLIMIT_NOFILE",
+    # "RLIMIT_NPROC", "RLIMIT_RSS", "RLIMIT_STACK", "RLIMIT_MSGQUEUE",
+    # "RLIMIT_NICE", "RLIMIT_RTPRIO", "RLIMIT_RTTIME", "RLIMIT_SIGPENDING",
+
+    # classes
+    "Process", "Popen",
+
+    # functions
+    "pid_exists", "pids", "process_iter", "wait_procs",             # proc
+    "virtual_memory", "swap_memory",                                # memory
+    "cpu_times", "cpu_percent", "cpu_times_percent", "cpu_count",   # cpu
+    "cpu_stats",  # "cpu_freq", "getloadavg"
+    "net_io_counters", "net_connections", "net_if_addrs",           # network
+    "net_if_stats",
+    "disk_io_counters", "disk_partitions", "disk_usage",            # disk
+    # "sensors_temperatures", "sensors_battery", "sensors_fans"     # sensors
+    "users", "boot_time",                                           # others
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+__all__.extend(_psplatform.__extra__all__)
+
+# Linux, FreeBSD
+if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "rlimit"):
+    # Populate global namespace with RLIM* constants.
+    from . import _psutil_posix
+
+    _globals = globals()
+    _name = None
+    for _name in dir(_psutil_posix):
+        if _name.startswith('RLIM') and _name.isupper():
+            _globals[_name] = getattr(_psutil_posix, _name)
+            __all__.append(_name)
+    del _globals, _name
+
+AF_LINK = _psplatform.AF_LINK
+
+__author__ = "Giampaolo Rodola'"
+__version__ = "5.9.8"
+version_info = tuple([int(num) for num in __version__.split('.')])
+
+_timer = getattr(time, 'monotonic', time.time)
+_TOTAL_PHYMEM = None
+_LOWEST_PID = None
+_SENTINEL = object()
+
+# Sanity check in case the user messed up with psutil installation
+# or did something weird with sys.path. In this case we might end
+# up importing a python module using a C extension module which
+# was compiled for a different version of psutil.
+# We want to prevent that by failing sooner rather than later.
+# See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/564
+if int(__version__.replace('.', '')) != getattr(
+    _psplatform.cext, 'version', None
+):
+    msg = "version conflict: %r C extension " % _psplatform.cext.__file__
+    msg += "module was built for another version of psutil"
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.cext, 'version'):
+        msg += " (%s instead of %s)" % (
+            '.'.join([x for x in str(_psplatform.cext.version)]),
+            __version__,
+        )
+    else:
+        msg += " (different than %s)" % __version__
+    msg += "; you may try to 'pip uninstall psutil', manually remove %s" % (
+        getattr(
+            _psplatform.cext,
+            "__file__",
+            "the existing psutil install directory",
+        )
+    )
+    msg += " or clean the virtual env somehow, then reinstall"
+    raise ImportError(msg)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Utils
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+if hasattr(_psplatform, 'ppid_map'):
+    # Faster version (Windows and Linux).
+    _ppid_map = _psplatform.ppid_map
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def _ppid_map():
+        """Return a {pid: ppid, ...} dict for all running processes in
+        one shot. Used to speed up Process.children().
+        """
+        ret = {}
+        for pid in pids():
+            try:
+                ret[pid] = _psplatform.Process(pid).ppid()
+            except (NoSuchProcess, ZombieProcess):
+                pass
+        return ret
+
+
+def _pprint_secs(secs):
+    """Format seconds in a human readable form."""
+    now = time.time()
+    secs_ago = int(now - secs)
+    fmt = "%H:%M:%S" if secs_ago < 60 * 60 * 24 else "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S"
+    return datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(secs).strftime(fmt)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Process class
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+class Process(object):  # noqa: UP004
+    """Represents an OS process with the given PID.
+    If PID is omitted current process PID (os.getpid()) is used.
+    Raise NoSuchProcess if PID does not exist.
+
+    Note that most of the methods of this class do not make sure
+    the PID of the process being queried has been reused over time.
+    That means you might end up retrieving an information referring
+    to another process in case the original one this instance
+    refers to is gone in the meantime.
+
+    The only exceptions for which process identity is pre-emptively
+    checked and guaranteed are:
+
+     - parent()
+     - children()
+     - nice() (set)
+     - ionice() (set)
+     - rlimit() (set)
+     - cpu_affinity (set)
+     - suspend()
+     - resume()
+     - send_signal()
+     - terminate()
+     - kill()
+
+    To prevent this problem for all other methods you can:
+     - use is_running() before querying the process
+     - if you're continuously iterating over a set of Process
+       instances use process_iter() which pre-emptively checks
+       process identity for every yielded instance
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, pid=None):
+        self._init(pid)
+
+    def _init(self, pid, _ignore_nsp=False):
+        if pid is None:
+            pid = os.getpid()
+        else:
+            if not _PY3 and not isinstance(pid, (int, long)):
+                msg = "pid must be an integer (got %r)" % pid
+                raise TypeError(msg)
+            if pid < 0:
+                msg = "pid must be a positive integer (got %s)" % pid
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            try:
+                _psplatform.cext.check_pid_range(pid)
+            except OverflowError:
+                msg = "process PID out of range (got %s)" % pid
+                raise NoSuchProcess(pid, msg=msg)
+
+        self._pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._exe = None
+        self._create_time = None
+        self._gone = False
+        self._pid_reused = False
+        self._hash = None
+        self._lock = threading.RLock()
+        # used for caching on Windows only (on POSIX ppid may change)
+        self._ppid = None
+        # platform-specific modules define an _psplatform.Process
+        # implementation class
+        self._proc = _psplatform.Process(pid)
+        self._last_sys_cpu_times = None
+        self._last_proc_cpu_times = None
+        self._exitcode = _SENTINEL
+        # cache creation time for later use in is_running() method
+        try:
+            self.create_time()
+        except AccessDenied:
+            # We should never get here as AFAIK we're able to get
+            # process creation time on all platforms even as a
+            # limited user.
+            pass
+        except ZombieProcess:
+            # Zombies can still be queried by this class (although
+            # not always) and pids() return them so just go on.
+            pass
+        except NoSuchProcess:
+            if not _ignore_nsp:
+                msg = "process PID not found"
+                raise NoSuchProcess(pid, msg=msg)
+            else:
+                self._gone = True
+        # This pair is supposed to identify a Process instance
+        # univocally over time (the PID alone is not enough as
+        # it might refer to a process whose PID has been reused).
+        # This will be used later in __eq__() and is_running().
+        self._ident = (self.pid, self._create_time)
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        info = collections.OrderedDict()
+        info["pid"] = self.pid
+        if self._name:
+            info['name'] = self._name
+        with self.oneshot():
+            try:
+                info["name"] = self.name()
+                info["status"] = self.status()
+            except ZombieProcess:
+                info["status"] = "zombie"
+            except NoSuchProcess:
+                info["status"] = "terminated"
+            except AccessDenied:
+                pass
+            if self._exitcode not in (_SENTINEL, None):
+                info["exitcode"] = self._exitcode
+            if self._create_time is not None:
+                info['started'] = _pprint_secs(self._create_time)
+            return "%s.%s(%s)" % (
+                self.__class__.__module__,
+                self.__class__.__name__,
+                ", ".join(["%s=%r" % (k, v) for k, v in info.items()]),
+            )
+
+    __repr__ = __str__
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        # Test for equality with another Process object based
+        # on PID and creation time.
+        if not isinstance(other, Process):
+            return NotImplemented
+        if OPENBSD or NETBSD:  # pragma: no cover
+            # Zombie processes on Open/NetBSD have a creation time of
+            # 0.0. This covers the case when a process started normally
+            # (so it has a ctime), then it turned into a zombie. It's
+            # important to do this because is_running() depends on
+            # __eq__.
+            pid1, ctime1 = self._ident
+            pid2, ctime2 = other._ident
+            if pid1 == pid2:
+                if ctime1 and not ctime2:
+                    try:
+                        return self.status() == STATUS_ZOMBIE
+                    except Error:
+                        pass
+        return self._ident == other._ident
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def __hash__(self):
+        if self._hash is None:
+            self._hash = hash(self._ident)
+        return self._hash
+
+    def _raise_if_pid_reused(self):
+        """Raises NoSuchProcess in case process PID has been reused."""
+        if not self.is_running() and self._pid_reused:
+            # We may directly raise NSP in here already if PID is just
+            # not running, but I prefer NSP to be raised naturally by
+            # the actual Process API call. This way unit tests will tell
+            # us if the API is broken (aka don't raise NSP when it
+            # should). We also remain consistent with all other "get"
+            # APIs which don't use _raise_if_pid_reused().
+            msg = "process no longer exists and its PID has been reused"
+            raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name, msg=msg)
+
+    @property
+    def pid(self):
+        """The process PID."""
+        return self._pid
+
+    # --- utility methods
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def oneshot(self):
+        """Utility context manager which considerably speeds up the
+        retrieval of multiple process information at the same time.
+
+        Internally different process info (e.g. name, ppid, uids,
+        gids, ...) may be fetched by using the same routine, but
+        only one information is returned and the others are discarded.
+        When using this context manager the internal routine is
+        executed once (in the example below on name()) and the
+        other info are cached.
+
+        The cache is cleared when exiting the context manager block.
+        The advice is to use this every time you retrieve more than
+        one information about the process. If you're lucky, you'll
+        get a hell of a speedup.
+
+        >>> import psutil
+        >>> p = psutil.Process()
+        >>> with p.oneshot():
+        ...     p.name()  # collect multiple info
+        ...     p.cpu_times()  # return cached value
+        ...     p.cpu_percent()  # return cached value
+        ...     p.create_time()  # return cached value
+        ...
+        >>>
+        """
+        with self._lock:
+            if hasattr(self, "_cache"):
+                # NOOP: this covers the use case where the user enters the
+                # context twice:
+                #
+                # >>> with p.oneshot():
+                # ...    with p.oneshot():
+                # ...
+                #
+                # Also, since as_dict() internally uses oneshot()
+                # I expect that the code below will be a pretty common
+                # "mistake" that the user will make, so let's guard
+                # against that:
+                #
+                # >>> with p.oneshot():
+                # ...    p.as_dict()
+                # ...
+                yield
+            else:
+                try:
+                    # cached in case cpu_percent() is used
+                    self.cpu_times.cache_activate(self)
+                    # cached in case memory_percent() is used
+                    self.memory_info.cache_activate(self)
+                    # cached in case parent() is used
+                    self.ppid.cache_activate(self)
+                    # cached in case username() is used
+                    if POSIX:
+                        self.uids.cache_activate(self)
+                    # specific implementation cache
+                    self._proc.oneshot_enter()
+                    yield
+                finally:
+                    self.cpu_times.cache_deactivate(self)
+                    self.memory_info.cache_deactivate(self)
+                    self.ppid.cache_deactivate(self)
+                    if POSIX:
+                        self.uids.cache_deactivate(self)
+                    self._proc.oneshot_exit()
+
+    def as_dict(self, attrs=None, ad_value=None):
+        """Utility method returning process information as a
+        hashable dictionary.
+        If *attrs* is specified it must be a list of strings
+        reflecting available Process class' attribute names
+        (e.g. ['cpu_times', 'name']) else all public (read
+        only) attributes are assumed.
+        *ad_value* is the value which gets assigned in case
+        AccessDenied or ZombieProcess exception is raised when
+        retrieving that particular process information.
+        """
+        valid_names = _as_dict_attrnames
+        if attrs is not None:
+            if not isinstance(attrs, (list, tuple, set, frozenset)):
+                msg = "invalid attrs type %s" % type(attrs)
+                raise TypeError(msg)
+            attrs = set(attrs)
+            invalid_names = attrs - valid_names
+            if invalid_names:
+                msg = "invalid attr name%s %s" % (
+                    "s" if len(invalid_names) > 1 else "",
+                    ", ".join(map(repr, invalid_names)),
+                )
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+
+        retdict = {}
+        ls = attrs or valid_names
+        with self.oneshot():
+            for name in ls:
+                try:
+                    if name == 'pid':
+                        ret = self.pid
+                    else:
+                        meth = getattr(self, name)
+                        ret = meth()
+                except (AccessDenied, ZombieProcess):
+                    ret = ad_value
+                except NotImplementedError:
+                    # in case of not implemented functionality (may happen
+                    # on old or exotic systems) we want to crash only if
+                    # the user explicitly asked for that particular attr
+                    if attrs:
+                        raise
+                    continue
+                retdict[name] = ret
+        return retdict
+
+    def parent(self):
+        """Return the parent process as a Process object pre-emptively
+        checking whether PID has been reused.
+        If no parent is known return None.
+        """
+        lowest_pid = _LOWEST_PID if _LOWEST_PID is not None else pids()[0]
+        if self.pid == lowest_pid:
+            return None
+        ppid = self.ppid()
+        if ppid is not None:
+            ctime = self.create_time()
+            try:
+                parent = Process(ppid)
+                if parent.create_time() <= ctime:
+                    return parent
+                # ...else ppid has been reused by another process
+            except NoSuchProcess:
+                pass
+
+    def parents(self):
+        """Return the parents of this process as a list of Process
+        instances. If no parents are known return an empty list.
+        """
+        parents = []
+        proc = self.parent()
+        while proc is not None:
+            parents.append(proc)
+            proc = proc.parent()
+        return parents
+
+    def is_running(self):
+        """Return whether this process is running.
+        It also checks if PID has been reused by another process in
+        which case return False.
+        """
+        if self._gone or self._pid_reused:
+            return False
+        try:
+            # Checking if PID is alive is not enough as the PID might
+            # have been reused by another process: we also want to
+            # verify process identity.
+            # Process identity / uniqueness over time is guaranteed by
+            # (PID + creation time) and that is verified in __eq__.
+            self._pid_reused = self != Process(self.pid)
+            return not self._pid_reused
+        except ZombieProcess:
+            # We should never get here as it's already handled in
+            # Process.__init__; here just for extra safety.
+            return True
+        except NoSuchProcess:
+            self._gone = True
+            return False
+
+    # --- actual API
+
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def ppid(self):
+        """The process parent PID.
+        On Windows the return value is cached after first call.
+        """
+        # On POSIX we don't want to cache the ppid as it may unexpectedly
+        # change to 1 (init) in case this process turns into a zombie:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/321
+        # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/356722/
+
+        # XXX should we check creation time here rather than in
+        # Process.parent()?
+        self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+        if POSIX:
+            return self._proc.ppid()
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._ppid = self._ppid or self._proc.ppid()
+            return self._ppid
+
+    def name(self):
+        """The process name. The return value is cached after first call."""
+        # Process name is only cached on Windows as on POSIX it may
+        # change, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/692
+        if WINDOWS and self._name is not None:
+            return self._name
+        name = self._proc.name()
+        if POSIX and len(name) >= 15:
+            # On UNIX the name gets truncated to the first 15 characters.
+            # If it matches the first part of the cmdline we return that
+            # one instead because it's usually more explicative.
+            # Examples are "gnome-keyring-d" vs. "gnome-keyring-daemon".
+            try:
+                cmdline = self.cmdline()
+            except (AccessDenied, ZombieProcess):
+                # Just pass and return the truncated name: it's better
+                # than nothing. Note: there are actual cases where a
+                # zombie process can return a name() but not a
+                # cmdline(), see:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2239
+                pass
+            else:
+                if cmdline:
+                    extended_name = os.path.basename(cmdline[0])
+                    if extended_name.startswith(name):
+                        name = extended_name
+        self._name = name
+        self._proc._name = name
+        return name
+
+    def exe(self):
+        """The process executable as an absolute path.
+        May also be an empty string.
+        The return value is cached after first call.
+        """
+
+        def guess_it(fallback):
+            # try to guess exe from cmdline[0] in absence of a native
+            # exe representation
+            cmdline = self.cmdline()
+            if cmdline and hasattr(os, 'access') and hasattr(os, 'X_OK'):
+                exe = cmdline[0]  # the possible exe
+                # Attempt to guess only in case of an absolute path.
+                # It is not safe otherwise as the process might have
+                # changed cwd.
+                if (
+                    os.path.isabs(exe)
+                    and os.path.isfile(exe)
+                    and os.access(exe, os.X_OK)
+                ):
+                    return exe
+            if isinstance(fallback, AccessDenied):
+                raise fallback
+            return fallback
+
+        if self._exe is None:
+            try:
+                exe = self._proc.exe()
+            except AccessDenied as err:
+                return guess_it(fallback=err)
+            else:
+                if not exe:
+                    # underlying implementation can legitimately return an
+                    # empty string; if that's the case we don't want to
+                    # raise AD while guessing from the cmdline
+                    try:
+                        exe = guess_it(fallback=exe)
+                    except AccessDenied:
+                        pass
+                self._exe = exe
+        return self._exe
+
+    def cmdline(self):
+        """The command line this process has been called with."""
+        return self._proc.cmdline()
+
+    def status(self):
+        """The process current status as a STATUS_* constant."""
+        try:
+            return self._proc.status()
+        except ZombieProcess:
+            return STATUS_ZOMBIE
+
+    def username(self):
+        """The name of the user that owns the process.
+        On UNIX this is calculated by using *real* process uid.
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            if pwd is None:
+                # might happen if python was installed from sources
+                msg = "requires pwd module shipped with standard python"
+                raise ImportError(msg)
+            real_uid = self.uids().real
+            try:
+                return pwd.getpwuid(real_uid).pw_name
+            except KeyError:
+                # the uid can't be resolved by the system
+                return str(real_uid)
+        else:
+            return self._proc.username()
+
+    def create_time(self):
+        """The process creation time as a floating point number
+        expressed in seconds since the epoch.
+        The return value is cached after first call.
+        """
+        if self._create_time is None:
+            self._create_time = self._proc.create_time()
+        return self._create_time
+
+    def cwd(self):
+        """Process current working directory as an absolute path."""
+        return self._proc.cwd()
+
+    def nice(self, value=None):
+        """Get or set process niceness (priority)."""
+        if value is None:
+            return self._proc.nice_get()
+        else:
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            self._proc.nice_set(value)
+
+    if POSIX:
+
+        @memoize_when_activated
+        def uids(self):
+            """Return process UIDs as a (real, effective, saved)
+            namedtuple.
+            """
+            return self._proc.uids()
+
+        def gids(self):
+            """Return process GIDs as a (real, effective, saved)
+            namedtuple.
+            """
+            return self._proc.gids()
+
+        def terminal(self):
+            """The terminal associated with this process, if any,
+            else None.
+            """
+            return self._proc.terminal()
+
+        def num_fds(self):
+            """Return the number of file descriptors opened by this
+            process (POSIX only).
+            """
+            return self._proc.num_fds()
+
+    # Linux, BSD, AIX and Windows only
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "io_counters"):
+
+        def io_counters(self):
+            """Return process I/O statistics as a
+            (read_count, write_count, read_bytes, write_bytes)
+            namedtuple.
+            Those are the number of read/write calls performed and the
+            amount of bytes read and written by the process.
+            """
+            return self._proc.io_counters()
+
+    # Linux and Windows
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "ionice_get"):
+
+        def ionice(self, ioclass=None, value=None):
+            """Get or set process I/O niceness (priority).
+
+            On Linux *ioclass* is one of the IOPRIO_CLASS_* constants.
+            *value* is a number which goes from 0 to 7. The higher the
+            value, the lower the I/O priority of the process.
+
+            On Windows only *ioclass* is used and it can be set to 2
+            (normal), 1 (low) or 0 (very low).
+
+            Available on Linux and Windows > Vista only.
+            """
+            if ioclass is None:
+                if value is not None:
+                    msg = "'ioclass' argument must be specified"
+                    raise ValueError(msg)
+                return self._proc.ionice_get()
+            else:
+                self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+                return self._proc.ionice_set(ioclass, value)
+
+    # Linux / FreeBSD only
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "rlimit"):
+
+        def rlimit(self, resource, limits=None):
+            """Get or set process resource limits as a (soft, hard)
+            tuple.
+
+            *resource* is one of the RLIMIT_* constants.
+            *limits* is supposed to be a (soft, hard) tuple.
+
+            See "man prlimit" for further info.
+            Available on Linux and FreeBSD only.
+            """
+            if limits is not None:
+                self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            return self._proc.rlimit(resource, limits)
+
+    # Windows, Linux and FreeBSD only
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "cpu_affinity_get"):
+
+        def cpu_affinity(self, cpus=None):
+            """Get or set process CPU affinity.
+            If specified, *cpus* must be a list of CPUs for which you
+            want to set the affinity (e.g. [0, 1]).
+            If an empty list is passed, all egible CPUs are assumed
+            (and set).
+            (Windows, Linux and BSD only).
+            """
+            if cpus is None:
+                return sorted(set(self._proc.cpu_affinity_get()))
+            else:
+                self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+                if not cpus:
+                    if hasattr(self._proc, "_get_eligible_cpus"):
+                        cpus = self._proc._get_eligible_cpus()
+                    else:
+                        cpus = tuple(range(len(cpu_times(percpu=True))))
+                self._proc.cpu_affinity_set(list(set(cpus)))
+
+    # Linux, FreeBSD, SunOS
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "cpu_num"):
+
+        def cpu_num(self):
+            """Return what CPU this process is currently running on.
+            The returned number should be <= psutil.cpu_count()
+            and <= len(psutil.cpu_percent(percpu=True)).
+            It may be used in conjunction with
+            psutil.cpu_percent(percpu=True) to observe the system
+            workload distributed across CPUs.
+            """
+            return self._proc.cpu_num()
+
+    # All platforms has it, but maybe not in the future.
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "environ"):
+
+        def environ(self):
+            """The environment variables of the process as a dict.  Note: this
+            might not reflect changes made after the process started.
+            """
+            return self._proc.environ()
+
+    if WINDOWS:
+
+        def num_handles(self):
+            """Return the number of handles opened by this process
+            (Windows only).
+            """
+            return self._proc.num_handles()
+
+    def num_ctx_switches(self):
+        """Return the number of voluntary and involuntary context
+        switches performed by this process.
+        """
+        return self._proc.num_ctx_switches()
+
+    def num_threads(self):
+        """Return the number of threads used by this process."""
+        return self._proc.num_threads()
+
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "threads"):
+
+        def threads(self):
+            """Return threads opened by process as a list of
+            (id, user_time, system_time) namedtuples representing
+            thread id and thread CPU times (user/system).
+            On OpenBSD this method requires root access.
+            """
+            return self._proc.threads()
+
+    def children(self, recursive=False):
+        """Return the children of this process as a list of Process
+        instances, pre-emptively checking whether PID has been reused.
+        If *recursive* is True return all the parent descendants.
+
+        Example (A == this process):
+
+         A ─┐
+            │
+            ├─ B (child) ─┐
+            │             └─ X (grandchild) ─┐
+            │                                └─ Y (great grandchild)
+            ├─ C (child)
+            └─ D (child)
+
+        >>> import psutil
+        >>> p = psutil.Process()
+        >>> p.children()
+        B, C, D
+        >>> p.children(recursive=True)
+        B, X, Y, C, D
+
+        Note that in the example above if process X disappears
+        process Y won't be listed as the reference to process A
+        is lost.
+        """
+        self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+        ppid_map = _ppid_map()
+        ret = []
+        if not recursive:
+            for pid, ppid in ppid_map.items():
+                if ppid == self.pid:
+                    try:
+                        child = Process(pid)
+                        # if child happens to be older than its parent
+                        # (self) it means child's PID has been reused
+                        if self.create_time() <= child.create_time():
+                            ret.append(child)
+                    except (NoSuchProcess, ZombieProcess):
+                        pass
+        else:
+            # Construct a {pid: [child pids]} dict
+            reverse_ppid_map = collections.defaultdict(list)
+            for pid, ppid in ppid_map.items():
+                reverse_ppid_map[ppid].append(pid)
+            # Recursively traverse that dict, starting from self.pid,
+            # such that we only call Process() on actual children
+            seen = set()
+            stack = [self.pid]
+            while stack:
+                pid = stack.pop()
+                if pid in seen:
+                    # Since pids can be reused while the ppid_map is
+                    # constructed, there may be rare instances where
+                    # there's a cycle in the recorded process "tree".
+                    continue
+                seen.add(pid)
+                for child_pid in reverse_ppid_map[pid]:
+                    try:
+                        child = Process(child_pid)
+                        # if child happens to be older than its parent
+                        # (self) it means child's PID has been reused
+                        intime = self.create_time() <= child.create_time()
+                        if intime:
+                            ret.append(child)
+                            stack.append(child_pid)
+                    except (NoSuchProcess, ZombieProcess):
+                        pass
+        return ret
+
+    def cpu_percent(self, interval=None):
+        """Return a float representing the current process CPU
+        utilization as a percentage.
+
+        When *interval* is 0.0 or None (default) compares process times
+        to system CPU times elapsed since last call, returning
+        immediately (non-blocking). That means that the first time
+        this is called it will return a meaningful 0.0 value.
+
+        When *interval* is > 0.0 compares process times to system CPU
+        times elapsed before and after the interval (blocking).
+
+        In this case is recommended for accuracy that this function
+        be called with at least 0.1 seconds between calls.
+
+        A value > 100.0 can be returned in case of processes running
+        multiple threads on different CPU cores.
+
+        The returned value is explicitly NOT split evenly between
+        all available logical CPUs. This means that a busy loop process
+        running on a system with 2 logical CPUs will be reported as
+        having 100% CPU utilization instead of 50%.
+
+        Examples:
+
+          >>> import psutil
+          >>> p = psutil.Process(os.getpid())
+          >>> # blocking
+          >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=1)
+          2.0
+          >>> # non-blocking (percentage since last call)
+          >>> p.cpu_percent(interval=None)
+          2.9
+          >>>
+        """
+        blocking = interval is not None and interval > 0.0
+        if interval is not None and interval < 0:
+            msg = "interval is not positive (got %r)" % interval
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        num_cpus = cpu_count() or 1
+
+        def timer():
+            return _timer() * num_cpus
+
+        if blocking:
+            st1 = timer()
+            pt1 = self._proc.cpu_times()
+            time.sleep(interval)
+            st2 = timer()
+            pt2 = self._proc.cpu_times()
+        else:
+            st1 = self._last_sys_cpu_times
+            pt1 = self._last_proc_cpu_times
+            st2 = timer()
+            pt2 = self._proc.cpu_times()
+            if st1 is None or pt1 is None:
+                self._last_sys_cpu_times = st2
+                self._last_proc_cpu_times = pt2
+                return 0.0
+
+        delta_proc = (pt2.user - pt1.user) + (pt2.system - pt1.system)
+        delta_time = st2 - st1
+        # reset values for next call in case of interval == None
+        self._last_sys_cpu_times = st2
+        self._last_proc_cpu_times = pt2
+
+        try:
+            # This is the utilization split evenly between all CPUs.
+            # E.g. a busy loop process on a 2-CPU-cores system at this
+            # point is reported as 50% instead of 100%.
+            overall_cpus_percent = (delta_proc / delta_time) * 100
+        except ZeroDivisionError:
+            # interval was too low
+            return 0.0
+        else:
+            # Note 1:
+            # in order to emulate "top" we multiply the value for the num
+            # of CPU cores. This way the busy process will be reported as
+            # having 100% (or more) usage.
+            #
+            # Note 2:
+            # taskmgr.exe on Windows differs in that it will show 50%
+            # instead.
+            #
+            # Note 3:
+            # a percentage > 100 is legitimate as it can result from a
+            # process with multiple threads running on different CPU
+            # cores (top does the same), see:
+            # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1032357
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/474
+            single_cpu_percent = overall_cpus_percent * num_cpus
+            return round(single_cpu_percent, 1)
+
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        """Return a (user, system, children_user, children_system)
+        namedtuple representing the accumulated process time, in
+        seconds.
+        This is similar to os.times() but per-process.
+        On macOS and Windows children_user and children_system are
+        always set to 0.
+        """
+        return self._proc.cpu_times()
+
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def memory_info(self):
+        """Return a namedtuple with variable fields depending on the
+        platform, representing memory information about the process.
+
+        The "portable" fields available on all platforms are `rss` and `vms`.
+
+        All numbers are expressed in bytes.
+        """
+        return self._proc.memory_info()
+
+    @_common.deprecated_method(replacement="memory_info")
+    def memory_info_ex(self):
+        return self.memory_info()
+
+    def memory_full_info(self):
+        """This method returns the same information as memory_info(),
+        plus, on some platform (Linux, macOS, Windows), also provides
+        additional metrics (USS, PSS and swap).
+        The additional metrics provide a better representation of actual
+        process memory usage.
+
+        Namely USS is the memory which is unique to a process and which
+        would be freed if the process was terminated right now.
+
+        It does so by passing through the whole process address.
+        As such it usually requires higher user privileges than
+        memory_info() and is considerably slower.
+        """
+        return self._proc.memory_full_info()
+
+    def memory_percent(self, memtype="rss"):
+        """Compare process memory to total physical system memory and
+        calculate process memory utilization as a percentage.
+        *memtype* argument is a string that dictates what type of
+        process memory you want to compare against (defaults to "rss").
+        The list of available strings can be obtained like this:
+
+        >>> psutil.Process().memory_info()._fields
+        ('rss', 'vms', 'shared', 'text', 'lib', 'data', 'dirty', 'uss', 'pss')
+        """
+        valid_types = list(_psplatform.pfullmem._fields)
+        if memtype not in valid_types:
+            msg = "invalid memtype %r; valid types are %r" % (
+                memtype,
+                tuple(valid_types),
+            )
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        fun = (
+            self.memory_info
+            if memtype in _psplatform.pmem._fields
+            else self.memory_full_info
+        )
+        metrics = fun()
+        value = getattr(metrics, memtype)
+
+        # use cached value if available
+        total_phymem = _TOTAL_PHYMEM or virtual_memory().total
+        if not total_phymem > 0:
+            # we should never get here
+            msg = (
+                "can't calculate process memory percent because total physical"
+                " system memory is not positive (%r)" % (total_phymem)
+            )
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        return (value / float(total_phymem)) * 100
+
+    if hasattr(_psplatform.Process, "memory_maps"):
+
+        def memory_maps(self, grouped=True):
+            """Return process' mapped memory regions as a list of namedtuples
+            whose fields are variable depending on the platform.
+
+            If *grouped* is True the mapped regions with the same 'path'
+            are grouped together and the different memory fields are summed.
+
+            If *grouped* is False every mapped region is shown as a single
+            entity and the namedtuple will also include the mapped region's
+            address space ('addr') and permission set ('perms').
+            """
+            it = self._proc.memory_maps()
+            if grouped:
+                d = {}
+                for tupl in it:
+                    path = tupl[2]
+                    nums = tupl[3:]
+                    try:
+                        d[path] = map(lambda x, y: x + y, d[path], nums)
+                    except KeyError:
+                        d[path] = nums
+                nt = _psplatform.pmmap_grouped
+                return [nt(path, *d[path]) for path in d]  # NOQA
+            else:
+                nt = _psplatform.pmmap_ext
+                return [nt(*x) for x in it]
+
+    def open_files(self):
+        """Return files opened by process as a list of
+        (path, fd) namedtuples including the absolute file name
+        and file descriptor number.
+        """
+        return self._proc.open_files()
+
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        """Return socket connections opened by process as a list of
+        (fd, family, type, laddr, raddr, status) namedtuples.
+        The *kind* parameter filters for connections that match the
+        following criteria:
+
+        +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+        | Kind Value | Connections using                                  |
+        +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+        | inet       | IPv4 and IPv6                                      |
+        | inet4      | IPv4                                               |
+        | inet6      | IPv6                                               |
+        | tcp        | TCP                                                |
+        | tcp4       | TCP over IPv4                                      |
+        | tcp6       | TCP over IPv6                                      |
+        | udp        | UDP                                                |
+        | udp4       | UDP over IPv4                                      |
+        | udp6       | UDP over IPv6                                      |
+        | unix       | UNIX socket (both UDP and TCP protocols)           |
+        | all        | the sum of all the possible families and protocols |
+        +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+        """
+        return self._proc.connections(kind)
+
+    # --- signals
+
+    if POSIX:
+
+        def _send_signal(self, sig):
+            assert not self.pid < 0, self.pid
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            if self.pid == 0:
+                # see "man 2 kill"
+                msg = (
+                    "preventing sending signal to process with PID 0 as it "
+                    "would affect every process in the process group of the "
+                    "calling process (os.getpid()) instead of PID 0"
+                )
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            try:
+                os.kill(self.pid, sig)
+            except ProcessLookupError:
+                if OPENBSD and pid_exists(self.pid):
+                    # We do this because os.kill() lies in case of
+                    # zombie processes.
+                    raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
+                else:
+                    self._gone = True
+                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+            except PermissionError:
+                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+
+    def send_signal(self, sig):
+        """Send a signal *sig* to process pre-emptively checking
+        whether PID has been reused (see signal module constants) .
+        On Windows only SIGTERM is valid and is treated as an alias
+        for kill().
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            self._send_signal(sig)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            if sig != signal.SIGTERM and not self.is_running():
+                msg = "process no longer exists"
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name, msg=msg)
+            self._proc.send_signal(sig)
+
+    def suspend(self):
+        """Suspend process execution with SIGSTOP pre-emptively checking
+        whether PID has been reused.
+        On Windows this has the effect of suspending all process threads.
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            self._send_signal(signal.SIGSTOP)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            self._proc.suspend()
+
+    def resume(self):
+        """Resume process execution with SIGCONT pre-emptively checking
+        whether PID has been reused.
+        On Windows this has the effect of resuming all process threads.
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            self._send_signal(signal.SIGCONT)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            self._proc.resume()
+
+    def terminate(self):
+        """Terminate the process with SIGTERM pre-emptively checking
+        whether PID has been reused.
+        On Windows this is an alias for kill().
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            self._send_signal(signal.SIGTERM)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            self._proc.kill()
+
+    def kill(self):
+        """Kill the current process with SIGKILL pre-emptively checking
+        whether PID has been reused.
+        """
+        if POSIX:
+            self._send_signal(signal.SIGKILL)
+        else:  # pragma: no cover
+            self._raise_if_pid_reused()
+            self._proc.kill()
+
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        """Wait for process to terminate and, if process is a children
+        of os.getpid(), also return its exit code, else None.
+        On Windows there's no such limitation (exit code is always
+        returned).
+
+        If the process is already terminated immediately return None
+        instead of raising NoSuchProcess.
+
+        If *timeout* (in seconds) is specified and process is still
+        alive raise TimeoutExpired.
+
+        To wait for multiple Process(es) use psutil.wait_procs().
+        """
+        if timeout is not None and not timeout >= 0:
+            msg = "timeout must be a positive integer"
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+        if self._exitcode is not _SENTINEL:
+            return self._exitcode
+        self._exitcode = self._proc.wait(timeout)
+        return self._exitcode
+
+
+# The valid attr names which can be processed by Process.as_dict().
+# fmt: off
+_as_dict_attrnames = set(
+    [x for x in dir(Process) if not x.startswith('_') and x not in
+     {'send_signal', 'suspend', 'resume', 'terminate', 'kill', 'wait',
+      'is_running', 'as_dict', 'parent', 'parents', 'children', 'rlimit',
+      'memory_info_ex', 'oneshot'}])
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Popen class
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+class Popen(Process):
+    """Same as subprocess.Popen, but in addition it provides all
+    psutil.Process methods in a single class.
+    For the following methods which are common to both classes, psutil
+    implementation takes precedence:
+
+    * send_signal()
+    * terminate()
+    * kill()
+
+    This is done in order to avoid killing another process in case its
+    PID has been reused, fixing BPO-6973.
+
+      >>> import psutil
+      >>> from subprocess import PIPE
+      >>> p = psutil.Popen(["python", "-c", "print 'hi'"], stdout=PIPE)
+      >>> p.name()
+      'python'
+      >>> p.uids()
+      user(real=1000, effective=1000, saved=1000)
+      >>> p.username()
+      'giampaolo'
+      >>> p.communicate()
+      ('hi', None)
+      >>> p.terminate()
+      >>> p.wait(timeout=2)
+      0
+      >>>
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        # Explicitly avoid to raise NoSuchProcess in case the process
+        # spawned by subprocess.Popen terminates too quickly, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/193
+        self.__subproc = subprocess.Popen(*args, **kwargs)
+        self._init(self.__subproc.pid, _ignore_nsp=True)
+
+    def __dir__(self):
+        return sorted(set(dir(Popen) + dir(subprocess.Popen)))
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        if hasattr(self.__subproc, '__enter__'):
+            self.__subproc.__enter__()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        if hasattr(self.__subproc, '__exit__'):
+            return self.__subproc.__exit__(*args, **kwargs)
+        else:
+            if self.stdout:
+                self.stdout.close()
+            if self.stderr:
+                self.stderr.close()
+            try:
+                # Flushing a BufferedWriter may raise an error.
+                if self.stdin:
+                    self.stdin.close()
+            finally:
+                # Wait for the process to terminate, to avoid zombies.
+                self.wait()
+
+    def __getattribute__(self, name):
+        try:
+            return object.__getattribute__(self, name)
+        except AttributeError:
+            try:
+                return object.__getattribute__(self.__subproc, name)
+            except AttributeError:
+                msg = "%s instance has no attribute '%s'" % (
+                    self.__class__.__name__,
+                    name,
+                )
+                raise AttributeError(msg)
+
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        if self.__subproc.returncode is not None:
+            return self.__subproc.returncode
+        ret = super(Popen, self).wait(timeout)  # noqa
+        self.__subproc.returncode = ret
+        return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- system processes related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def pids():
+    """Return a list of current running PIDs."""
+    global _LOWEST_PID
+    ret = sorted(_psplatform.pids())
+    _LOWEST_PID = ret[0]
+    return ret
+
+
+def pid_exists(pid):
+    """Return True if given PID exists in the current process list.
+    This is faster than doing "pid in psutil.pids()" and
+    should be preferred.
+    """
+    if pid < 0:
+        return False
+    elif pid == 0 and POSIX:
+        # On POSIX we use os.kill() to determine PID existence.
+        # According to "man 2 kill" PID 0 has a special meaning
+        # though: it refers to <<every process in the process
+        # group of the calling process>> and that is not we want
+        # to do here.
+        return pid in pids()
+    else:
+        return _psplatform.pid_exists(pid)
+
+
+_pmap = {}
+
+
+def process_iter(attrs=None, ad_value=None):
+    """Return a generator yielding a Process instance for all
+    running processes.
+
+    Every new Process instance is only created once and then cached
+    into an internal table which is updated every time this is used.
+
+    Cached Process instances are checked for identity so that you're
+    safe in case a PID has been reused by another process, in which
+    case the cached instance is updated.
+
+    The sorting order in which processes are yielded is based on
+    their PIDs.
+
+    *attrs* and *ad_value* have the same meaning as in
+    Process.as_dict(). If *attrs* is specified as_dict() is called
+    and the resulting dict is stored as a 'info' attribute attached
+    to returned Process instance.
+    If *attrs* is an empty list it will retrieve all process info
+    (slow).
+    """
+    global _pmap
+
+    def add(pid):
+        proc = Process(pid)
+        if attrs is not None:
+            proc.info = proc.as_dict(attrs=attrs, ad_value=ad_value)
+        pmap[proc.pid] = proc
+        return proc
+
+    def remove(pid):
+        pmap.pop(pid, None)
+
+    pmap = _pmap.copy()
+    a = set(pids())
+    b = set(pmap.keys())
+    new_pids = a - b
+    gone_pids = b - a
+    for pid in gone_pids:
+        remove(pid)
+    try:
+        ls = sorted(list(pmap.items()) + list(dict.fromkeys(new_pids).items()))
+        for pid, proc in ls:
+            try:
+                if proc is None:  # new process
+                    yield add(pid)
+                else:
+                    # use is_running() to check whether PID has been
+                    # reused by another process in which case yield a
+                    # new Process instance
+                    if proc.is_running():
+                        if attrs is not None:
+                            proc.info = proc.as_dict(
+                                attrs=attrs, ad_value=ad_value
+                            )
+                        yield proc
+                    else:
+                        yield add(pid)
+            except NoSuchProcess:
+                remove(pid)
+            except AccessDenied:
+                # Process creation time can't be determined hence there's
+                # no way to tell whether the pid of the cached process
+                # has been reused. Just return the cached version.
+                if proc is None and pid in pmap:
+                    try:
+                        yield pmap[pid]
+                    except KeyError:
+                        # If we get here it is likely that 2 threads were
+                        # using process_iter().
+                        pass
+                else:
+                    raise
+    finally:
+        _pmap = pmap
+
+
+def wait_procs(procs, timeout=None, callback=None):
+    """Convenience function which waits for a list of processes to
+    terminate.
+
+    Return a (gone, alive) tuple indicating which processes
+    are gone and which ones are still alive.
+
+    The gone ones will have a new *returncode* attribute indicating
+    process exit status (may be None).
+
+    *callback* is a function which gets called every time a process
+    terminates (a Process instance is passed as callback argument).
+
+    Function will return as soon as all processes terminate or when
+    *timeout* occurs.
+    Differently from Process.wait() it will not raise TimeoutExpired if
+    *timeout* occurs.
+
+    Typical use case is:
+
+     - send SIGTERM to a list of processes
+     - give them some time to terminate
+     - send SIGKILL to those ones which are still alive
+
+    Example:
+
+    >>> def on_terminate(proc):
+    ...     print("process {} terminated".format(proc))
+    ...
+    >>> for p in procs:
+    ...    p.terminate()
+    ...
+    >>> gone, alive = wait_procs(procs, timeout=3, callback=on_terminate)
+    >>> for p in alive:
+    ...     p.kill()
+    """
+
+    def check_gone(proc, timeout):
+        try:
+            returncode = proc.wait(timeout=timeout)
+        except TimeoutExpired:
+            pass
+        except _SubprocessTimeoutExpired:
+            pass
+        else:
+            if returncode is not None or not proc.is_running():
+                # Set new Process instance attribute.
+                proc.returncode = returncode
+                gone.add(proc)
+                if callback is not None:
+                    callback(proc)
+
+    if timeout is not None and not timeout >= 0:
+        msg = "timeout must be a positive integer, got %s" % timeout
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    gone = set()
+    alive = set(procs)
+    if callback is not None and not callable(callback):
+        msg = "callback %r is not a callable" % callback
+        raise TypeError(msg)
+    if timeout is not None:
+        deadline = _timer() + timeout
+
+    while alive:
+        if timeout is not None and timeout <= 0:
+            break
+        for proc in alive:
+            # Make sure that every complete iteration (all processes)
+            # will last max 1 sec.
+            # We do this because we don't want to wait too long on a
+            # single process: in case it terminates too late other
+            # processes may disappear in the meantime and their PID
+            # reused.
+            max_timeout = 1.0 / len(alive)
+            if timeout is not None:
+                timeout = min((deadline - _timer()), max_timeout)
+                if timeout <= 0:
+                    break
+                check_gone(proc, timeout)
+            else:
+                check_gone(proc, max_timeout)
+        alive = alive - gone
+
+    if alive:
+        # Last attempt over processes survived so far.
+        # timeout == 0 won't make this function wait any further.
+        for proc in alive:
+            check_gone(proc, 0)
+        alive = alive - gone
+
+    return (list(gone), list(alive))
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_count(logical=True):
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system (same as
+    os.cpu_count() in Python 3.4).
+
+    If *logical* is False return the number of physical cores only
+    (e.g. hyper thread CPUs are excluded).
+
+    Return None if undetermined.
+
+    The return value is cached after first call.
+    If desired cache can be cleared like this:
+
+    >>> psutil.cpu_count.cache_clear()
+    """
+    if logical:
+        ret = _psplatform.cpu_count_logical()
+    else:
+        ret = _psplatform.cpu_count_cores()
+    if ret is not None and ret < 1:
+        ret = None
+    return ret
+
+
+def cpu_times(percpu=False):
+    """Return system-wide CPU times as a namedtuple.
+    Every CPU time represents the seconds the CPU has spent in the
+    given mode. The namedtuple's fields availability varies depending on the
+    platform:
+
+     - user
+     - system
+     - idle
+     - nice (UNIX)
+     - iowait (Linux)
+     - irq (Linux, FreeBSD)
+     - softirq (Linux)
+     - steal (Linux >= 2.6.11)
+     - guest (Linux >= 2.6.24)
+     - guest_nice (Linux >= 3.2.0)
+
+    When *percpu* is True return a list of namedtuples for each CPU.
+    First element of the list refers to first CPU, second element
+    to second CPU and so on.
+    The order of the list is consistent across calls.
+    """
+    if not percpu:
+        return _psplatform.cpu_times()
+    else:
+        return _psplatform.per_cpu_times()
+
+
+try:
+    _last_cpu_times = {threading.current_thread().ident: cpu_times()}
+except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+    # Don't want to crash at import time.
+    _last_cpu_times = {}
+
+try:
+    _last_per_cpu_times = {
+        threading.current_thread().ident: cpu_times(percpu=True)
+    }
+except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+    # Don't want to crash at import time.
+    _last_per_cpu_times = {}
+
+
+def _cpu_tot_time(times):
+    """Given a cpu_time() ntuple calculates the total CPU time
+    (including idle time).
+    """
+    tot = sum(times)
+    if LINUX:
+        # On Linux guest times are already accounted in "user" or
+        # "nice" times, so we subtract them from total.
+        # Htop does the same. References:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/940
+        # http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/178045
+        # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/
+        #     447976ef4fd09b1be88b316d1a81553f1aa7cd07/kernel/sched/
+        #     cputime.c#L158
+        tot -= getattr(times, "guest", 0)  # Linux 2.6.24+
+        tot -= getattr(times, "guest_nice", 0)  # Linux 3.2.0+
+    return tot
+
+
+def _cpu_busy_time(times):
+    """Given a cpu_time() ntuple calculates the busy CPU time.
+    We do so by subtracting all idle CPU times.
+    """
+    busy = _cpu_tot_time(times)
+    busy -= times.idle
+    # Linux: "iowait" is time during which the CPU does not do anything
+    # (waits for IO to complete). On Linux IO wait is *not* accounted
+    # in "idle" time so we subtract it. Htop does the same.
+    # References:
+    # https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/
+    #     447976ef4fd09b1be88b316d1a81553f1aa7cd07/kernel/sched/cputime.c#L244
+    busy -= getattr(times, "iowait", 0)
+    return busy
+
+
+def _cpu_times_deltas(t1, t2):
+    assert t1._fields == t2._fields, (t1, t2)
+    field_deltas = []
+    for field in _psplatform.scputimes._fields:
+        field_delta = getattr(t2, field) - getattr(t1, field)
+        # CPU times are always supposed to increase over time
+        # or at least remain the same and that's because time
+        # cannot go backwards.
+        # Surprisingly sometimes this might not be the case (at
+        # least on Windows and Linux), see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/392
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/645
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1210
+        # Trim negative deltas to zero to ignore decreasing fields.
+        # top does the same. Reference:
+        # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/v3.3.12/top/top.c#L5063
+        field_delta = max(0, field_delta)
+        field_deltas.append(field_delta)
+    return _psplatform.scputimes(*field_deltas)
+
+
+def cpu_percent(interval=None, percpu=False):
+    """Return a float representing the current system-wide CPU
+    utilization as a percentage.
+
+    When *interval* is > 0.0 compares system CPU times elapsed before
+    and after the interval (blocking).
+
+    When *interval* is 0.0 or None compares system CPU times elapsed
+    since last call or module import, returning immediately (non
+    blocking). That means the first time this is called it will
+    return a meaningless 0.0 value which you should ignore.
+    In this case is recommended for accuracy that this function be
+    called with at least 0.1 seconds between calls.
+
+    When *percpu* is True returns a list of floats representing the
+    utilization as a percentage for each CPU.
+    First element of the list refers to first CPU, second element
+    to second CPU and so on.
+    The order of the list is consistent across calls.
+
+    Examples:
+
+      >>> # blocking, system-wide
+      >>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1)
+      2.0
+      >>>
+      >>> # blocking, per-cpu
+      >>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=1, percpu=True)
+      [2.0, 1.0]
+      >>>
+      >>> # non-blocking (percentage since last call)
+      >>> psutil.cpu_percent(interval=None)
+      2.9
+      >>>
+    """
+    tid = threading.current_thread().ident
+    blocking = interval is not None and interval > 0.0
+    if interval is not None and interval < 0:
+        msg = "interval is not positive (got %r)" % interval
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    def calculate(t1, t2):
+        times_delta = _cpu_times_deltas(t1, t2)
+        all_delta = _cpu_tot_time(times_delta)
+        busy_delta = _cpu_busy_time(times_delta)
+
+        try:
+            busy_perc = (busy_delta / all_delta) * 100
+        except ZeroDivisionError:
+            return 0.0
+        else:
+            return round(busy_perc, 1)
+
+    # system-wide usage
+    if not percpu:
+        if blocking:
+            t1 = cpu_times()
+            time.sleep(interval)
+        else:
+            t1 = _last_cpu_times.get(tid) or cpu_times()
+        _last_cpu_times[tid] = cpu_times()
+        return calculate(t1, _last_cpu_times[tid])
+    # per-cpu usage
+    else:
+        ret = []
+        if blocking:
+            tot1 = cpu_times(percpu=True)
+            time.sleep(interval)
+        else:
+            tot1 = _last_per_cpu_times.get(tid) or cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        _last_per_cpu_times[tid] = cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        for t1, t2 in zip(tot1, _last_per_cpu_times[tid]):
+            ret.append(calculate(t1, t2))
+        return ret
+
+
+# Use a separate dict for cpu_times_percent(), so it's independent from
+# cpu_percent() and they can both be used within the same program.
+_last_cpu_times_2 = _last_cpu_times.copy()
+_last_per_cpu_times_2 = _last_per_cpu_times.copy()
+
+
+def cpu_times_percent(interval=None, percpu=False):
+    """Same as cpu_percent() but provides utilization percentages
+    for each specific CPU time as is returned by cpu_times().
+    For instance, on Linux we'll get:
+
+      >>> cpu_times_percent()
+      cpupercent(user=4.8, nice=0.0, system=4.8, idle=90.5, iowait=0.0,
+                 irq=0.0, softirq=0.0, steal=0.0, guest=0.0, guest_nice=0.0)
+      >>>
+
+    *interval* and *percpu* arguments have the same meaning as in
+    cpu_percent().
+    """
+    tid = threading.current_thread().ident
+    blocking = interval is not None and interval > 0.0
+    if interval is not None and interval < 0:
+        msg = "interval is not positive (got %r)" % interval
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    def calculate(t1, t2):
+        nums = []
+        times_delta = _cpu_times_deltas(t1, t2)
+        all_delta = _cpu_tot_time(times_delta)
+        # "scale" is the value to multiply each delta with to get percentages.
+        # We use "max" to avoid division by zero (if all_delta is 0, then all
+        # fields are 0 so percentages will be 0 too. all_delta cannot be a
+        # fraction because cpu times are integers)
+        scale = 100.0 / max(1, all_delta)
+        for field_delta in times_delta:
+            field_perc = field_delta * scale
+            field_perc = round(field_perc, 1)
+            # make sure we don't return negative values or values over 100%
+            field_perc = min(max(0.0, field_perc), 100.0)
+            nums.append(field_perc)
+        return _psplatform.scputimes(*nums)
+
+    # system-wide usage
+    if not percpu:
+        if blocking:
+            t1 = cpu_times()
+            time.sleep(interval)
+        else:
+            t1 = _last_cpu_times_2.get(tid) or cpu_times()
+        _last_cpu_times_2[tid] = cpu_times()
+        return calculate(t1, _last_cpu_times_2[tid])
+    # per-cpu usage
+    else:
+        ret = []
+        if blocking:
+            tot1 = cpu_times(percpu=True)
+            time.sleep(interval)
+        else:
+            tot1 = _last_per_cpu_times_2.get(tid) or cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        _last_per_cpu_times_2[tid] = cpu_times(percpu=True)
+        for t1, t2 in zip(tot1, _last_per_cpu_times_2[tid]):
+            ret.append(calculate(t1, t2))
+        return ret
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    """Return CPU statistics."""
+    return _psplatform.cpu_stats()
+
+
+if hasattr(_psplatform, "cpu_freq"):
+
+    def cpu_freq(percpu=False):
+        """Return CPU frequency as a namedtuple including current,
+        min and max frequency expressed in Mhz.
+
+        If *percpu* is True and the system supports per-cpu frequency
+        retrieval (Linux only) a list of frequencies is returned for
+        each CPU. If not a list with one element is returned.
+        """
+        ret = _psplatform.cpu_freq()
+        if percpu:
+            return ret
+        else:
+            num_cpus = float(len(ret))
+            if num_cpus == 0:
+                return None
+            elif num_cpus == 1:
+                return ret[0]
+            else:
+                currs, mins, maxs = 0.0, 0.0, 0.0
+                set_none = False
+                for cpu in ret:
+                    currs += cpu.current
+                    # On Linux if /proc/cpuinfo is used min/max are set
+                    # to None.
+                    if LINUX and cpu.min is None:
+                        set_none = True
+                        continue
+                    mins += cpu.min
+                    maxs += cpu.max
+
+                current = currs / num_cpus
+
+                if set_none:
+                    min_ = max_ = None
+                else:
+                    min_ = mins / num_cpus
+                    max_ = maxs / num_cpus
+
+                return _common.scpufreq(current, min_, max_)
+
+    __all__.append("cpu_freq")
+
+
+if hasattr(os, "getloadavg") or hasattr(_psplatform, "getloadavg"):
+    # Perform this hasattr check once on import time to either use the
+    # platform based code or proxy straight from the os module.
+    if hasattr(os, "getloadavg"):
+        getloadavg = os.getloadavg
+    else:
+        getloadavg = _psplatform.getloadavg
+
+    __all__.append("getloadavg")
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- system memory related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    """Return statistics about system memory usage as a namedtuple
+    including the following fields, expressed in bytes:
+
+     - total:
+       total physical memory available.
+
+     - available:
+       the memory that can be given instantly to processes without the
+       system going into swap.
+       This is calculated by summing different memory values depending
+       on the platform and it is supposed to be used to monitor actual
+       memory usage in a cross platform fashion.
+
+     - percent:
+       the percentage usage calculated as (total - available) / total * 100
+
+     - used:
+        memory used, calculated differently depending on the platform and
+        designed for informational purposes only:
+        macOS: active + wired
+        BSD: active + wired + cached
+        Linux: total - free
+
+     - free:
+       memory not being used at all (zeroed) that is readily available;
+       note that this doesn't reflect the actual memory available
+       (use 'available' instead)
+
+    Platform-specific fields:
+
+     - active (UNIX):
+       memory currently in use or very recently used, and so it is in RAM.
+
+     - inactive (UNIX):
+       memory that is marked as not used.
+
+     - buffers (BSD, Linux):
+       cache for things like file system metadata.
+
+     - cached (BSD, macOS):
+       cache for various things.
+
+     - wired (macOS, BSD):
+       memory that is marked to always stay in RAM. It is never moved to disk.
+
+     - shared (BSD):
+       memory that may be simultaneously accessed by multiple processes.
+
+    The sum of 'used' and 'available' does not necessarily equal total.
+    On Windows 'available' and 'free' are the same.
+    """
+    global _TOTAL_PHYMEM
+    ret = _psplatform.virtual_memory()
+    # cached for later use in Process.memory_percent()
+    _TOTAL_PHYMEM = ret.total
+    return ret
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Return system swap memory statistics as a namedtuple including
+    the following fields:
+
+     - total:   total swap memory in bytes
+     - used:    used swap memory in bytes
+     - free:    free swap memory in bytes
+     - percent: the percentage usage
+     - sin:     no. of bytes the system has swapped in from disk (cumulative)
+     - sout:    no. of bytes the system has swapped out from disk (cumulative)
+
+    'sin' and 'sout' on Windows are meaningless and always set to 0.
+    """
+    return _psplatform.swap_memory()
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disks/paritions related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def disk_usage(path):
+    """Return disk usage statistics about the given *path* as a
+    namedtuple including total, used and free space expressed in bytes
+    plus the percentage usage.
+    """
+    return _psplatform.disk_usage(path)
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all=False):
+    """Return mounted partitions as a list of
+    (device, mountpoint, fstype, opts) namedtuple.
+    'opts' field is a raw string separated by commas indicating mount
+    options which may vary depending on the platform.
+
+    If *all* parameter is False return physical devices only and ignore
+    all others.
+    """
+
+    def pathconf(path, name):
+        try:
+            return os.pathconf(path, name)
+        except (OSError, AttributeError):
+            pass
+
+    ret = _psplatform.disk_partitions(all)
+    if POSIX:
+        new = []
+        for item in ret:
+            nt = item._replace(
+                maxfile=pathconf(item.mountpoint, 'PC_NAME_MAX'),
+                maxpath=pathconf(item.mountpoint, 'PC_PATH_MAX'),
+            )
+            new.append(nt)
+        return new
+    else:
+        return ret
+
+
+def disk_io_counters(perdisk=False, nowrap=True):
+    """Return system disk I/O statistics as a namedtuple including
+    the following fields:
+
+     - read_count:  number of reads
+     - write_count: number of writes
+     - read_bytes:  number of bytes read
+     - write_bytes: number of bytes written
+     - read_time:   time spent reading from disk (in ms)
+     - write_time:  time spent writing to disk (in ms)
+
+    Platform specific:
+
+     - busy_time: (Linux, FreeBSD) time spent doing actual I/Os (in ms)
+     - read_merged_count (Linux): number of merged reads
+     - write_merged_count (Linux): number of merged writes
+
+    If *perdisk* is True return the same information for every
+    physical disk installed on the system as a dictionary
+    with partition names as the keys and the namedtuple
+    described above as the values.
+
+    If *nowrap* is True it detects and adjust the numbers which overflow
+    and wrap (restart from 0) and add "old value" to "new value" so that
+    the returned numbers will always be increasing or remain the same,
+    but never decrease.
+    "disk_io_counters.cache_clear()" can be used to invalidate the
+    cache.
+
+    On recent Windows versions 'diskperf -y' command may need to be
+    executed first otherwise this function won't find any disk.
+    """
+    kwargs = dict(perdisk=perdisk) if LINUX else {}
+    rawdict = _psplatform.disk_io_counters(**kwargs)
+    if not rawdict:
+        return {} if perdisk else None
+    if nowrap:
+        rawdict = _wrap_numbers(rawdict, 'psutil.disk_io_counters')
+    nt = getattr(_psplatform, "sdiskio", _common.sdiskio)
+    if perdisk:
+        for disk, fields in rawdict.items():
+            rawdict[disk] = nt(*fields)
+        return rawdict
+    else:
+        return nt(*(sum(x) for x in zip(*rawdict.values())))
+
+
+disk_io_counters.cache_clear = functools.partial(
+    _wrap_numbers.cache_clear, 'psutil.disk_io_counters'
+)
+disk_io_counters.cache_clear.__doc__ = "Clears nowrap argument cache"
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def net_io_counters(pernic=False, nowrap=True):
+    """Return network I/O statistics as a namedtuple including
+    the following fields:
+
+     - bytes_sent:   number of bytes sent
+     - bytes_recv:   number of bytes received
+     - packets_sent: number of packets sent
+     - packets_recv: number of packets received
+     - errin:        total number of errors while receiving
+     - errout:       total number of errors while sending
+     - dropin:       total number of incoming packets which were dropped
+     - dropout:      total number of outgoing packets which were dropped
+                     (always 0 on macOS and BSD)
+
+    If *pernic* is True return the same information for every
+    network interface installed on the system as a dictionary
+    with network interface names as the keys and the namedtuple
+    described above as the values.
+
+    If *nowrap* is True it detects and adjust the numbers which overflow
+    and wrap (restart from 0) and add "old value" to "new value" so that
+    the returned numbers will always be increasing or remain the same,
+    but never decrease.
+    "net_io_counters.cache_clear()" can be used to invalidate the
+    cache.
+    """
+    rawdict = _psplatform.net_io_counters()
+    if not rawdict:
+        return {} if pernic else None
+    if nowrap:
+        rawdict = _wrap_numbers(rawdict, 'psutil.net_io_counters')
+    if pernic:
+        for nic, fields in rawdict.items():
+            rawdict[nic] = _common.snetio(*fields)
+        return rawdict
+    else:
+        return _common.snetio(*[sum(x) for x in zip(*rawdict.values())])
+
+
+net_io_counters.cache_clear = functools.partial(
+    _wrap_numbers.cache_clear, 'psutil.net_io_counters'
+)
+net_io_counters.cache_clear.__doc__ = "Clears nowrap argument cache"
+
+
+def net_connections(kind='inet'):
+    """Return system-wide socket connections as a list of
+    (fd, family, type, laddr, raddr, status, pid) namedtuples.
+    In case of limited privileges 'fd' and 'pid' may be set to -1
+    and None respectively.
+    The *kind* parameter filters for connections that fit the
+    following criteria:
+
+    +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+    | Kind Value | Connections using                                  |
+    +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+    | inet       | IPv4 and IPv6                                      |
+    | inet4      | IPv4                                               |
+    | inet6      | IPv6                                               |
+    | tcp        | TCP                                                |
+    | tcp4       | TCP over IPv4                                      |
+    | tcp6       | TCP over IPv6                                      |
+    | udp        | UDP                                                |
+    | udp4       | UDP over IPv4                                      |
+    | udp6       | UDP over IPv6                                      |
+    | unix       | UNIX socket (both UDP and TCP protocols)           |
+    | all        | the sum of all the possible families and protocols |
+    +------------+----------------------------------------------------+
+
+    On macOS this function requires root privileges.
+    """
+    return _psplatform.net_connections(kind)
+
+
+def net_if_addrs():
+    """Return the addresses associated to each NIC (network interface
+    card) installed on the system as a dictionary whose keys are the
+    NIC names and value is a list of namedtuples for each address
+    assigned to the NIC. Each namedtuple includes 5 fields:
+
+     - family: can be either socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6 or
+               psutil.AF_LINK, which refers to a MAC address.
+     - address: is the primary address and it is always set.
+     - netmask: and 'broadcast' and 'ptp' may be None.
+     - ptp: stands for "point to point" and references the
+            destination address on a point to point interface
+            (typically a VPN).
+     - broadcast: and *ptp* are mutually exclusive.
+
+    Note: you can have more than one address of the same family
+    associated with each interface.
+    """
+    has_enums = _PY3
+    if has_enums:
+        import socket
+    rawlist = _psplatform.net_if_addrs()
+    rawlist.sort(key=lambda x: x[1])  # sort by family
+    ret = collections.defaultdict(list)
+    for name, fam, addr, mask, broadcast, ptp in rawlist:
+        if has_enums:
+            try:
+                fam = socket.AddressFamily(fam)
+            except ValueError:
+                if WINDOWS and fam == -1:
+                    fam = _psplatform.AF_LINK
+                elif (
+                    hasattr(_psplatform, "AF_LINK")
+                    and fam == _psplatform.AF_LINK
+                ):
+                    # Linux defines AF_LINK as an alias for AF_PACKET.
+                    # We re-set the family here so that repr(family)
+                    # will show AF_LINK rather than AF_PACKET
+                    fam = _psplatform.AF_LINK
+        if fam == _psplatform.AF_LINK:
+            # The underlying C function may return an incomplete MAC
+            # address in which case we fill it with null bytes, see:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/786
+            separator = ":" if POSIX else "-"
+            while addr.count(separator) < 5:
+                addr += "%s00" % separator
+        ret[name].append(_common.snicaddr(fam, addr, mask, broadcast, ptp))
+    return dict(ret)
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Return information about each NIC (network interface card)
+    installed on the system as a dictionary whose keys are the
+    NIC names and value is a namedtuple with the following fields:
+
+     - isup: whether the interface is up (bool)
+     - duplex: can be either NIC_DUPLEX_FULL, NIC_DUPLEX_HALF or
+               NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN
+     - speed: the NIC speed expressed in mega bits (MB); if it can't
+              be determined (e.g. 'localhost') it will be set to 0.
+     - mtu: the maximum transmission unit expressed in bytes.
+    """
+    return _psplatform.net_if_stats()
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- sensors
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# Linux, macOS
+if hasattr(_psplatform, "sensors_temperatures"):
+
+    def sensors_temperatures(fahrenheit=False):
+        """Return hardware temperatures. Each entry is a namedtuple
+        representing a certain hardware sensor (it may be a CPU, an
+        hard disk or something else, depending on the OS and its
+        configuration).
+        All temperatures are expressed in celsius unless *fahrenheit*
+        is set to True.
+        """
+
+        def convert(n):
+            if n is not None:
+                return (float(n) * 9 / 5) + 32 if fahrenheit else n
+
+        ret = collections.defaultdict(list)
+        rawdict = _psplatform.sensors_temperatures()
+
+        for name, values in rawdict.items():
+            while values:
+                label, current, high, critical = values.pop(0)
+                current = convert(current)
+                high = convert(high)
+                critical = convert(critical)
+
+                if high and not critical:
+                    critical = high
+                elif critical and not high:
+                    high = critical
+
+                ret[name].append(
+                    _common.shwtemp(label, current, high, critical)
+                )
+
+        return dict(ret)
+
+    __all__.append("sensors_temperatures")
+
+
+# Linux
+if hasattr(_psplatform, "sensors_fans"):
+
+    def sensors_fans():
+        """Return fans speed. Each entry is a namedtuple
+        representing a certain hardware sensor.
+        All speed are expressed in RPM (rounds per minute).
+        """
+        return _psplatform.sensors_fans()
+
+    __all__.append("sensors_fans")
+
+
+# Linux, Windows, FreeBSD, macOS
+if hasattr(_psplatform, "sensors_battery"):
+
+    def sensors_battery():
+        """Return battery information. If no battery is installed
+        returns None.
+
+         - percent: battery power left as a percentage.
+         - secsleft: a rough approximation of how many seconds are left
+                     before the battery runs out of power. May be
+                     POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED or POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED.
+         - power_plugged: True if the AC power cable is connected.
+        """
+        return _psplatform.sensors_battery()
+
+    __all__.append("sensors_battery")
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system related functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """Return the system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    # Note: we are not caching this because it is subject to
+    # system clock updates.
+    return _psplatform.boot_time()
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return users currently connected on the system as a list of
+    namedtuples including the following fields.
+
+     - user: the name of the user
+     - terminal: the tty or pseudo-tty associated with the user, if any.
+     - host: the host name associated with the entry, if any.
+     - started: the creation time as a floating point number expressed in
+       seconds since the epoch.
+    """
+    return _psplatform.users()
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Windows services
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+if WINDOWS:
+
+    def win_service_iter():
+        """Return a generator yielding a WindowsService instance for all
+        Windows services installed.
+        """
+        return _psplatform.win_service_iter()
+
+    def win_service_get(name):
+        """Get a Windows service by *name*.
+        Raise NoSuchProcess if no service with such name exists.
+        """
+        return _psplatform.win_service_get(name)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def _set_debug(value):
+    """Enable or disable PSUTIL_DEBUG option, which prints debugging
+    messages to stderr.
+    """
+    import psutil._common
+
+    psutil._common.PSUTIL_DEBUG = bool(value)
+    _psplatform.cext.set_debug(bool(value))
+
+
+def test():  # pragma: no cover
+    from ._common import bytes2human
+    from ._compat import get_terminal_size
+
+    today_day = datetime.date.today()
+    # fmt: off
+    templ = "%-10s %5s %5s %7s %7s %5s %6s %6s %6s  %s"
+    attrs = ['pid', 'memory_percent', 'name', 'cmdline', 'cpu_times',
+             'create_time', 'memory_info', 'status', 'nice', 'username']
+    print(templ % ("USER", "PID", "%MEM", "VSZ", "RSS", "NICE",  # NOQA
+                   "STATUS", "START", "TIME", "CMDLINE"))
+    # fmt: on
+    for p in process_iter(attrs, ad_value=None):
+        if p.info['create_time']:
+            ctime = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(p.info['create_time'])
+            if ctime.date() == today_day:
+                ctime = ctime.strftime("%H:%M")
+            else:
+                ctime = ctime.strftime("%b%d")
+        else:
+            ctime = ''
+        if p.info['cpu_times']:
+            cputime = time.strftime(
+                "%M:%S", time.localtime(sum(p.info['cpu_times']))
+            )
+        else:
+            cputime = ''
+
+        user = p.info['username'] or ''
+        if not user and POSIX:
+            try:
+                user = p.uids()[0]
+            except Error:
+                pass
+        if user and WINDOWS and '\\' in user:
+            user = user.split('\\')[1]
+        user = user[:9]
+        vms = (
+            bytes2human(p.info['memory_info'].vms)
+            if p.info['memory_info'] is not None
+            else ''
+        )
+        rss = (
+            bytes2human(p.info['memory_info'].rss)
+            if p.info['memory_info'] is not None
+            else ''
+        )
+        memp = (
+            round(p.info['memory_percent'], 1)
+            if p.info['memory_percent'] is not None
+            else ''
+        )
+        nice = int(p.info['nice']) if p.info['nice'] else ''
+        if p.info['cmdline']:
+            cmdline = ' '.join(p.info['cmdline'])
+        else:
+            cmdline = p.info['name']
+        status = p.info['status'][:5] if p.info['status'] else ''
+
+        line = templ % (
+            user[:10],
+            p.info['pid'],
+            memp,
+            vms,
+            rss,
+            nice,
+            status,
+            ctime,
+            cputime,
+            cmdline,
+        )
+        print(line[: get_terminal_size()[0]])  # NOQA
+
+
+del memoize_when_activated, division
+if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+    del num, x  # noqa
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    test()

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_common.py

@@ -0,0 +1,983 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Common objects shared by __init__.py and _ps*.py modules."""
+
+# Note: this module is imported by setup.py so it should not import
+# psutil or third-party modules.
+
+from __future__ import division
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import functools
+import os
+import socket
+import stat
+import sys
+import threading
+import warnings
+from collections import namedtuple
+from socket import AF_INET
+from socket import SOCK_DGRAM
+from socket import SOCK_STREAM
+
+
+try:
+    from socket import AF_INET6
+except ImportError:
+    AF_INET6 = None
+try:
+    from socket import AF_UNIX
+except ImportError:
+    AF_UNIX = None
+
+
+# can't take it from _common.py as this script is imported by setup.py
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] >= 3
+if PY3:
+    import enum
+else:
+    enum = None
+
+
+PSUTIL_DEBUG = bool(os.getenv('PSUTIL_DEBUG'))
+_DEFAULT = object()
+
+# fmt: off
+__all__ = [
+    # OS constants
+    'FREEBSD', 'BSD', 'LINUX', 'NETBSD', 'OPENBSD', 'MACOS', 'OSX', 'POSIX',
+    'SUNOS', 'WINDOWS',
+    # connection constants
+    'CONN_CLOSE', 'CONN_CLOSE_WAIT', 'CONN_CLOSING', 'CONN_ESTABLISHED',
+    'CONN_FIN_WAIT1', 'CONN_FIN_WAIT2', 'CONN_LAST_ACK', 'CONN_LISTEN',
+    'CONN_NONE', 'CONN_SYN_RECV', 'CONN_SYN_SENT', 'CONN_TIME_WAIT',
+    # net constants
+    'NIC_DUPLEX_FULL', 'NIC_DUPLEX_HALF', 'NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN',
+    # process status constants
+    'STATUS_DEAD', 'STATUS_DISK_SLEEP', 'STATUS_IDLE', 'STATUS_LOCKED',
+    'STATUS_RUNNING', 'STATUS_SLEEPING', 'STATUS_STOPPED', 'STATUS_SUSPENDED',
+    'STATUS_TRACING_STOP', 'STATUS_WAITING', 'STATUS_WAKE_KILL',
+    'STATUS_WAKING', 'STATUS_ZOMBIE', 'STATUS_PARKED',
+    # other constants
+    'ENCODING', 'ENCODING_ERRS', 'AF_INET6',
+    # named tuples
+    'pconn', 'pcputimes', 'pctxsw', 'pgids', 'pio', 'pionice', 'popenfile',
+    'pthread', 'puids', 'sconn', 'scpustats', 'sdiskio', 'sdiskpart',
+    'sdiskusage', 'snetio', 'snicaddr', 'snicstats', 'sswap', 'suser',
+    # utility functions
+    'conn_tmap', 'deprecated_method', 'isfile_strict', 'memoize',
+    'parse_environ_block', 'path_exists_strict', 'usage_percent',
+    'supports_ipv6', 'sockfam_to_enum', 'socktype_to_enum', "wrap_numbers",
+    'open_text', 'open_binary', 'cat', 'bcat',
+    'bytes2human', 'conn_to_ntuple', 'debug',
+    # shell utils
+    'hilite', 'term_supports_colors', 'print_color',
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- OS constants
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+POSIX = os.name == "posix"
+WINDOWS = os.name == "nt"
+LINUX = sys.platform.startswith("linux")
+MACOS = sys.platform.startswith("darwin")
+OSX = MACOS  # deprecated alias
+FREEBSD = sys.platform.startswith(("freebsd", "midnightbsd"))
+OPENBSD = sys.platform.startswith("openbsd")
+NETBSD = sys.platform.startswith("netbsd")
+BSD = FREEBSD or OPENBSD or NETBSD
+SUNOS = sys.platform.startswith(("sunos", "solaris"))
+AIX = sys.platform.startswith("aix")
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- API constants
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+# Process.status()
+STATUS_RUNNING = "running"
+STATUS_SLEEPING = "sleeping"
+STATUS_DISK_SLEEP = "disk-sleep"
+STATUS_STOPPED = "stopped"
+STATUS_TRACING_STOP = "tracing-stop"
+STATUS_ZOMBIE = "zombie"
+STATUS_DEAD = "dead"
+STATUS_WAKE_KILL = "wake-kill"
+STATUS_WAKING = "waking"
+STATUS_IDLE = "idle"  # Linux, macOS, FreeBSD
+STATUS_LOCKED = "locked"  # FreeBSD
+STATUS_WAITING = "waiting"  # FreeBSD
+STATUS_SUSPENDED = "suspended"  # NetBSD
+STATUS_PARKED = "parked"  # Linux
+
+# Process.connections() and psutil.net_connections()
+CONN_ESTABLISHED = "ESTABLISHED"
+CONN_SYN_SENT = "SYN_SENT"
+CONN_SYN_RECV = "SYN_RECV"
+CONN_FIN_WAIT1 = "FIN_WAIT1"
+CONN_FIN_WAIT2 = "FIN_WAIT2"
+CONN_TIME_WAIT = "TIME_WAIT"
+CONN_CLOSE = "CLOSE"
+CONN_CLOSE_WAIT = "CLOSE_WAIT"
+CONN_LAST_ACK = "LAST_ACK"
+CONN_LISTEN = "LISTEN"
+CONN_CLOSING = "CLOSING"
+CONN_NONE = "NONE"
+
+# net_if_stats()
+if enum is None:
+    NIC_DUPLEX_FULL = 2
+    NIC_DUPLEX_HALF = 1
+    NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN = 0
+else:
+
+    class NicDuplex(enum.IntEnum):
+        NIC_DUPLEX_FULL = 2
+        NIC_DUPLEX_HALF = 1
+        NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN = 0
+
+    globals().update(NicDuplex.__members__)
+
+# sensors_battery()
+if enum is None:
+    POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN = -1
+    POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED = -2
+else:
+
+    class BatteryTime(enum.IntEnum):
+        POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN = -1
+        POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED = -2
+
+    globals().update(BatteryTime.__members__)
+
+# --- others
+
+ENCODING = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+if not PY3:
+    ENCODING_ERRS = "replace"
+else:
+    try:
+        ENCODING_ERRS = sys.getfilesystemencodeerrors()  # py 3.6
+    except AttributeError:
+        ENCODING_ERRS = "surrogateescape" if POSIX else "replace"
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- namedtuples
+# ===================================================================
+
+# --- for system functions
+
+# fmt: off
+# psutil.swap_memory()
+sswap = namedtuple('sswap', ['total', 'used', 'free', 'percent', 'sin',
+                             'sout'])
+# psutil.disk_usage()
+sdiskusage = namedtuple('sdiskusage', ['total', 'used', 'free', 'percent'])
+# psutil.disk_io_counters()
+sdiskio = namedtuple('sdiskio', ['read_count', 'write_count',
+                                 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes',
+                                 'read_time', 'write_time'])
+# psutil.disk_partitions()
+sdiskpart = namedtuple('sdiskpart', ['device', 'mountpoint', 'fstype', 'opts',
+                                     'maxfile', 'maxpath'])
+# psutil.net_io_counters()
+snetio = namedtuple('snetio', ['bytes_sent', 'bytes_recv',
+                               'packets_sent', 'packets_recv',
+                               'errin', 'errout',
+                               'dropin', 'dropout'])
+# psutil.users()
+suser = namedtuple('suser', ['name', 'terminal', 'host', 'started', 'pid'])
+# psutil.net_connections()
+sconn = namedtuple('sconn', ['fd', 'family', 'type', 'laddr', 'raddr',
+                             'status', 'pid'])
+# psutil.net_if_addrs()
+snicaddr = namedtuple('snicaddr',
+                      ['family', 'address', 'netmask', 'broadcast', 'ptp'])
+# psutil.net_if_stats()
+snicstats = namedtuple('snicstats',
+                       ['isup', 'duplex', 'speed', 'mtu', 'flags'])
+# psutil.cpu_stats()
+scpustats = namedtuple(
+    'scpustats', ['ctx_switches', 'interrupts', 'soft_interrupts', 'syscalls'])
+# psutil.cpu_freq()
+scpufreq = namedtuple('scpufreq', ['current', 'min', 'max'])
+# psutil.sensors_temperatures()
+shwtemp = namedtuple(
+    'shwtemp', ['label', 'current', 'high', 'critical'])
+# psutil.sensors_battery()
+sbattery = namedtuple('sbattery', ['percent', 'secsleft', 'power_plugged'])
+# psutil.sensors_fans()
+sfan = namedtuple('sfan', ['label', 'current'])
+# fmt: on
+
+# --- for Process methods
+
+# psutil.Process.cpu_times()
+pcputimes = namedtuple(
+    'pcputimes', ['user', 'system', 'children_user', 'children_system']
+)
+# psutil.Process.open_files()
+popenfile = namedtuple('popenfile', ['path', 'fd'])
+# psutil.Process.threads()
+pthread = namedtuple('pthread', ['id', 'user_time', 'system_time'])
+# psutil.Process.uids()
+puids = namedtuple('puids', ['real', 'effective', 'saved'])
+# psutil.Process.gids()
+pgids = namedtuple('pgids', ['real', 'effective', 'saved'])
+# psutil.Process.io_counters()
+pio = namedtuple(
+    'pio', ['read_count', 'write_count', 'read_bytes', 'write_bytes']
+)
+# psutil.Process.ionice()
+pionice = namedtuple('pionice', ['ioclass', 'value'])
+# psutil.Process.ctx_switches()
+pctxsw = namedtuple('pctxsw', ['voluntary', 'involuntary'])
+# psutil.Process.connections()
+pconn = namedtuple(
+    'pconn', ['fd', 'family', 'type', 'laddr', 'raddr', 'status']
+)
+
+# psutil.connections() and psutil.Process.connections()
+addr = namedtuple('addr', ['ip', 'port'])
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- Process.connections() 'kind' parameter mapping
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+conn_tmap = {
+    "all": ([AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    "tcp": ([AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM]),
+    "tcp4": ([AF_INET], [SOCK_STREAM]),
+    "udp": ([AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    "udp4": ([AF_INET], [SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    "inet": ([AF_INET, AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    "inet4": ([AF_INET], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    "inet6": ([AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM]),
+}
+
+if AF_INET6 is not None:
+    conn_tmap.update({
+        "tcp6": ([AF_INET6], [SOCK_STREAM]),
+        "udp6": ([AF_INET6], [SOCK_DGRAM]),
+    })
+
+if AF_UNIX is not None:
+    conn_tmap.update({"unix": ([AF_UNIX], [SOCK_STREAM, SOCK_DGRAM])})
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Exceptions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+class Error(Exception):
+    """Base exception class. All other psutil exceptions inherit
+    from this one.
+    """
+
+    __module__ = 'psutil'
+
+    def _infodict(self, attrs):
+        info = collections.OrderedDict()
+        for name in attrs:
+            value = getattr(self, name, None)
+            if value:  # noqa
+                info[name] = value
+            elif name == "pid" and value == 0:
+                info[name] = value
+        return info
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        # invoked on `raise Error`
+        info = self._infodict(("pid", "ppid", "name"))
+        if info:
+            details = "(%s)" % ", ".join(
+                ["%s=%r" % (k, v) for k, v in info.items()]
+            )
+        else:
+            details = None
+        return " ".join([x for x in (getattr(self, "msg", ""), details) if x])
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        # invoked on `repr(Error)`
+        info = self._infodict(("pid", "ppid", "name", "seconds", "msg"))
+        details = ", ".join(["%s=%r" % (k, v) for k, v in info.items()])
+        return "psutil.%s(%s)" % (self.__class__.__name__, details)
+
+
+class NoSuchProcess(Error):
+    """Exception raised when a process with a certain PID doesn't
+    or no longer exists.
+    """
+
+    __module__ = 'psutil'
+
+    def __init__(self, pid, name=None, msg=None):
+        Error.__init__(self)
+        self.pid = pid
+        self.name = name
+        self.msg = msg or "process no longer exists"
+
+
+class ZombieProcess(NoSuchProcess):
+    """Exception raised when querying a zombie process. This is
+    raised on macOS, BSD and Solaris only, and not always: depending
+    on the query the OS may be able to succeed anyway.
+    On Linux all zombie processes are querable (hence this is never
+    raised). Windows doesn't have zombie processes.
+    """
+
+    __module__ = 'psutil'
+
+    def __init__(self, pid, name=None, ppid=None, msg=None):
+        NoSuchProcess.__init__(self, pid, name, msg)
+        self.ppid = ppid
+        self.msg = msg or "PID still exists but it's a zombie"
+
+
+class AccessDenied(Error):
+    """Exception raised when permission to perform an action is denied."""
+
+    __module__ = 'psutil'
+
+    def __init__(self, pid=None, name=None, msg=None):
+        Error.__init__(self)
+        self.pid = pid
+        self.name = name
+        self.msg = msg or ""
+
+
+class TimeoutExpired(Error):
+    """Raised on Process.wait(timeout) if timeout expires and process
+    is still alive.
+    """
+
+    __module__ = 'psutil'
+
+    def __init__(self, seconds, pid=None, name=None):
+        Error.__init__(self)
+        self.seconds = seconds
+        self.pid = pid
+        self.name = name
+        self.msg = "timeout after %s seconds" % seconds
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- utils
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+# This should be in _compat.py rather than here, but does not work well
+# with setup.py importing this module via a sys.path trick.
+if PY3:
+    if isinstance(__builtins__, dict):  # cpython
+        exec_ = __builtins__["exec"]
+    else:  # pypy
+        exec_ = getattr(__builtins__, "exec")  # noqa
+
+    exec_("""def raise_from(value, from_value):
+    try:
+        raise value from from_value
+    finally:
+        value = None
+    """)
+else:
+
+    def raise_from(value, from_value):
+        raise value
+
+
+def usage_percent(used, total, round_=None):
+    """Calculate percentage usage of 'used' against 'total'."""
+    try:
+        ret = (float(used) / total) * 100
+    except ZeroDivisionError:
+        return 0.0
+    else:
+        if round_ is not None:
+            ret = round(ret, round_)
+        return ret
+
+
+def memoize(fun):
+    """A simple memoize decorator for functions supporting (hashable)
+    positional arguments.
+    It also provides a cache_clear() function for clearing the cache:
+
+    >>> @memoize
+    ... def foo()
+    ...     return 1
+        ...
+    >>> foo()
+    1
+    >>> foo.cache_clear()
+    >>>
+
+    It supports:
+     - functions
+     - classes (acts as a @singleton)
+     - staticmethods
+     - classmethods
+
+    It does NOT support:
+     - methods
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        key = (args, frozenset(sorted(kwargs.items())))
+        try:
+            return cache[key]
+        except KeyError:
+            try:
+                ret = cache[key] = fun(*args, **kwargs)
+            except Exception as err:  # noqa: BLE001
+                raise raise_from(err, None)
+            return ret
+
+    def cache_clear():
+        """Clear cache."""
+        cache.clear()
+
+    cache = {}
+    wrapper.cache_clear = cache_clear
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def memoize_when_activated(fun):
+    """A memoize decorator which is disabled by default. It can be
+    activated and deactivated on request.
+    For efficiency reasons it can be used only against class methods
+    accepting no arguments.
+
+    >>> class Foo:
+    ...     @memoize
+    ...     def foo()
+    ...         print(1)
+    ...
+    >>> f = Foo()
+    >>> # deactivated (default)
+    >>> foo()
+    1
+    >>> foo()
+    1
+    >>>
+    >>> # activated
+    >>> foo.cache_activate(self)
+    >>> foo()
+    1
+    >>> foo()
+    >>> foo()
+    >>>
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self):
+        try:
+            # case 1: we previously entered oneshot() ctx
+            ret = self._cache[fun]
+        except AttributeError:
+            # case 2: we never entered oneshot() ctx
+            try:
+                return fun(self)
+            except Exception as err:  # noqa: BLE001
+                raise raise_from(err, None)
+        except KeyError:
+            # case 3: we entered oneshot() ctx but there's no cache
+            # for this entry yet
+            try:
+                ret = fun(self)
+            except Exception as err:  # noqa: BLE001
+                raise raise_from(err, None)
+            try:
+                self._cache[fun] = ret
+            except AttributeError:
+                # multi-threading race condition, see:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1948
+                pass
+        return ret
+
+    def cache_activate(proc):
+        """Activate cache. Expects a Process instance. Cache will be
+        stored as a "_cache" instance attribute.
+        """
+        proc._cache = {}
+
+    def cache_deactivate(proc):
+        """Deactivate and clear cache."""
+        try:
+            del proc._cache
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+
+    wrapper.cache_activate = cache_activate
+    wrapper.cache_deactivate = cache_deactivate
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def isfile_strict(path):
+    """Same as os.path.isfile() but does not swallow EACCES / EPERM
+    exceptions, see:
+    http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2012-June/120787.html.
+    """
+    try:
+        st = os.stat(path)
+    except OSError as err:
+        if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
+            raise
+        return False
+    else:
+        return stat.S_ISREG(st.st_mode)
+
+
+def path_exists_strict(path):
+    """Same as os.path.exists() but does not swallow EACCES / EPERM
+    exceptions. See:
+    http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2012-June/120787.html.
+    """
+    try:
+        os.stat(path)
+    except OSError as err:
+        if err.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
+            raise
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+@memoize
+def supports_ipv6():
+    """Return True if IPv6 is supported on this platform."""
+    if not socket.has_ipv6 or AF_INET6 is None:
+        return False
+    try:
+        sock = socket.socket(AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        with contextlib.closing(sock):
+            sock.bind(("::1", 0))
+        return True
+    except socket.error:
+        return False
+
+
+def parse_environ_block(data):
+    """Parse a C environ block of environment variables into a dictionary."""
+    # The block is usually raw data from the target process.  It might contain
+    # trailing garbage and lines that do not look like assignments.
+    ret = {}
+    pos = 0
+
+    # localize global variable to speed up access.
+    WINDOWS_ = WINDOWS
+    while True:
+        next_pos = data.find("\0", pos)
+        # nul byte at the beginning or double nul byte means finish
+        if next_pos <= pos:
+            break
+        # there might not be an equals sign
+        equal_pos = data.find("=", pos, next_pos)
+        if equal_pos > pos:
+            key = data[pos:equal_pos]
+            value = data[equal_pos + 1 : next_pos]
+            # Windows expects environment variables to be uppercase only
+            if WINDOWS_:
+                key = key.upper()
+            ret[key] = value
+        pos = next_pos + 1
+
+    return ret
+
+
+def sockfam_to_enum(num):
+    """Convert a numeric socket family value to an IntEnum member.
+    If it's not a known member, return the numeric value itself.
+    """
+    if enum is None:
+        return num
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        try:
+            return socket.AddressFamily(num)
+        except ValueError:
+            return num
+
+
+def socktype_to_enum(num):
+    """Convert a numeric socket type value to an IntEnum member.
+    If it's not a known member, return the numeric value itself.
+    """
+    if enum is None:
+        return num
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        try:
+            return socket.SocketKind(num)
+        except ValueError:
+            return num
+
+
+def conn_to_ntuple(fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status, status_map, pid=None):
+    """Convert a raw connection tuple to a proper ntuple."""
+    if fam in (socket.AF_INET, AF_INET6):
+        if laddr:
+            laddr = addr(*laddr)
+        if raddr:
+            raddr = addr(*raddr)
+    if type_ == socket.SOCK_STREAM and fam in (AF_INET, AF_INET6):
+        status = status_map.get(status, CONN_NONE)
+    else:
+        status = CONN_NONE  # ignore whatever C returned to us
+    fam = sockfam_to_enum(fam)
+    type_ = socktype_to_enum(type_)
+    if pid is None:
+        return pconn(fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status)
+    else:
+        return sconn(fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid)
+
+
+def deprecated_method(replacement):
+    """A decorator which can be used to mark a method as deprecated
+    'replcement' is the method name which will be called instead.
+    """
+
+    def outer(fun):
+        msg = "%s() is deprecated and will be removed; use %s() instead" % (
+            fun.__name__,
+            replacement,
+        )
+        if fun.__doc__ is None:
+            fun.__doc__ = msg
+
+        @functools.wraps(fun)
+        def inner(self, *args, **kwargs):
+            warnings.warn(msg, category=DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
+            return getattr(self, replacement)(*args, **kwargs)
+
+        return inner
+
+    return outer
+
+
+class _WrapNumbers:
+    """Watches numbers so that they don't overflow and wrap
+    (reset to zero).
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.lock = threading.Lock()
+        self.cache = {}
+        self.reminders = {}
+        self.reminder_keys = {}
+
+    def _add_dict(self, input_dict, name):
+        assert name not in self.cache
+        assert name not in self.reminders
+        assert name not in self.reminder_keys
+        self.cache[name] = input_dict
+        self.reminders[name] = collections.defaultdict(int)
+        self.reminder_keys[name] = collections.defaultdict(set)
+
+    def _remove_dead_reminders(self, input_dict, name):
+        """In case the number of keys changed between calls (e.g. a
+        disk disappears) this removes the entry from self.reminders.
+        """
+        old_dict = self.cache[name]
+        gone_keys = set(old_dict.keys()) - set(input_dict.keys())
+        for gone_key in gone_keys:
+            for remkey in self.reminder_keys[name][gone_key]:
+                del self.reminders[name][remkey]
+            del self.reminder_keys[name][gone_key]
+
+    def run(self, input_dict, name):
+        """Cache dict and sum numbers which overflow and wrap.
+        Return an updated copy of `input_dict`.
+        """
+        if name not in self.cache:
+            # This was the first call.
+            self._add_dict(input_dict, name)
+            return input_dict
+
+        self._remove_dead_reminders(input_dict, name)
+
+        old_dict = self.cache[name]
+        new_dict = {}
+        for key in input_dict:
+            input_tuple = input_dict[key]
+            try:
+                old_tuple = old_dict[key]
+            except KeyError:
+                # The input dict has a new key (e.g. a new disk or NIC)
+                # which didn't exist in the previous call.
+                new_dict[key] = input_tuple
+                continue
+
+            bits = []
+            for i in range(len(input_tuple)):
+                input_value = input_tuple[i]
+                old_value = old_tuple[i]
+                remkey = (key, i)
+                if input_value < old_value:
+                    # it wrapped!
+                    self.reminders[name][remkey] += old_value
+                    self.reminder_keys[name][key].add(remkey)
+                bits.append(input_value + self.reminders[name][remkey])
+
+            new_dict[key] = tuple(bits)
+
+        self.cache[name] = input_dict
+        return new_dict
+
+    def cache_clear(self, name=None):
+        """Clear the internal cache, optionally only for function 'name'."""
+        with self.lock:
+            if name is None:
+                self.cache.clear()
+                self.reminders.clear()
+                self.reminder_keys.clear()
+            else:
+                self.cache.pop(name, None)
+                self.reminders.pop(name, None)
+                self.reminder_keys.pop(name, None)
+
+    def cache_info(self):
+        """Return internal cache dicts as a tuple of 3 elements."""
+        with self.lock:
+            return (self.cache, self.reminders, self.reminder_keys)
+
+
+def wrap_numbers(input_dict, name):
+    """Given an `input_dict` and a function `name`, adjust the numbers
+    which "wrap" (restart from zero) across different calls by adding
+    "old value" to "new value" and return an updated dict.
+    """
+    with _wn.lock:
+        return _wn.run(input_dict, name)
+
+
+_wn = _WrapNumbers()
+wrap_numbers.cache_clear = _wn.cache_clear
+wrap_numbers.cache_info = _wn.cache_info
+
+
+# The read buffer size for open() builtin. This (also) dictates how
+# much data we read(2) when iterating over file lines as in:
+#   >>> with open(file) as f:
+#   ...    for line in f:
+#   ...        ...
+# Default per-line buffer size for binary files is 1K. For text files
+# is 8K. We use a bigger buffer (32K) in order to have more consistent
+# results when reading /proc pseudo files on Linux, see:
+# https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2050
+# On Python 2 this also speeds up the reading of big files:
+# (namely /proc/{pid}/smaps and /proc/net/*):
+# https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/708
+FILE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE = 32 * 1024
+
+
+def open_binary(fname):
+    return open(fname, "rb", buffering=FILE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE)
+
+
+def open_text(fname):
+    """On Python 3 opens a file in text mode by using fs encoding and
+    a proper en/decoding errors handler.
+    On Python 2 this is just an alias for open(name, 'rt').
+    """
+    if not PY3:
+        return open(fname, buffering=FILE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE)
+
+    # See:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/675
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/733
+    fobj = open(
+        fname,
+        buffering=FILE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE,
+        encoding=ENCODING,
+        errors=ENCODING_ERRS,
+    )
+    try:
+        # Dictates per-line read(2) buffer size. Defaults is 8k. See:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2050#issuecomment-1013387546
+        fobj._CHUNK_SIZE = FILE_READ_BUFFER_SIZE
+    except AttributeError:
+        pass
+    except Exception:
+        fobj.close()
+        raise
+
+    return fobj
+
+
+def cat(fname, fallback=_DEFAULT, _open=open_text):
+    """Read entire file content and return it as a string. File is
+    opened in text mode. If specified, `fallback` is the value
+    returned in case of error, either if the file does not exist or
+    it can't be read().
+    """
+    if fallback is _DEFAULT:
+        with _open(fname) as f:
+            return f.read()
+    else:
+        try:
+            with _open(fname) as f:
+                return f.read()
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            return fallback
+
+
+def bcat(fname, fallback=_DEFAULT):
+    """Same as above but opens file in binary mode."""
+    return cat(fname, fallback=fallback, _open=open_binary)
+
+
+def bytes2human(n, format="%(value).1f%(symbol)s"):
+    """Used by various scripts. See: http://goo.gl/zeJZl.
+
+    >>> bytes2human(10000)
+    '9.8K'
+    >>> bytes2human(100001221)
+    '95.4M'
+    """
+    symbols = ('B', 'K', 'M', 'G', 'T', 'P', 'E', 'Z', 'Y')
+    prefix = {}
+    for i, s in enumerate(symbols[1:]):
+        prefix[s] = 1 << (i + 1) * 10
+    for symbol in reversed(symbols[1:]):
+        if abs(n) >= prefix[symbol]:
+            value = float(n) / prefix[symbol]
+            return format % locals()
+    return format % dict(symbol=symbols[0], value=n)
+
+
+def get_procfs_path():
+    """Return updated psutil.PROCFS_PATH constant."""
+    return sys.modules['psutil'].PROCFS_PATH
+
+
+if PY3:
+
+    def decode(s):
+        return s.decode(encoding=ENCODING, errors=ENCODING_ERRS)
+
+else:
+
+    def decode(s):
+        return s
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- shell utils
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@memoize
+def term_supports_colors(file=sys.stdout):  # pragma: no cover
+    if os.name == 'nt':
+        return True
+    try:
+        import curses
+
+        assert file.isatty()
+        curses.setupterm()
+        assert curses.tigetnum("colors") > 0
+    except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+        return False
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+def hilite(s, color=None, bold=False):  # pragma: no cover
+    """Return an highlighted version of 'string'."""
+    if not term_supports_colors():
+        return s
+    attr = []
+    colors = dict(
+        blue='34',
+        brown='33',
+        darkgrey='30',
+        green='32',
+        grey='37',
+        lightblue='36',
+        red='91',
+        violet='35',
+        yellow='93',
+    )
+    colors[None] = '29'
+    try:
+        color = colors[color]
+    except KeyError:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "invalid color %r; choose between %s" % (list(colors.keys()))
+        )
+    attr.append(color)
+    if bold:
+        attr.append('1')
+    return '\x1b[%sm%s\x1b[0m' % (';'.join(attr), s)
+
+
+def print_color(
+    s, color=None, bold=False, file=sys.stdout
+):  # pragma: no cover
+    """Print a colorized version of string."""
+    if not term_supports_colors():
+        print(s, file=file)  # NOQA
+    elif POSIX:
+        print(hilite(s, color, bold), file=file)  # NOQA
+    else:
+        import ctypes
+
+        DEFAULT_COLOR = 7
+        GetStdHandle = ctypes.windll.Kernel32.GetStdHandle
+        SetConsoleTextAttribute = (
+            ctypes.windll.Kernel32.SetConsoleTextAttribute
+        )
+
+        colors = dict(green=2, red=4, brown=6, yellow=6)
+        colors[None] = DEFAULT_COLOR
+        try:
+            color = colors[color]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid color %r; choose between %r"
+                % (color, list(colors.keys()))
+            )
+        if bold and color <= 7:
+            color += 8
+
+        handle_id = -12 if file is sys.stderr else -11
+        GetStdHandle.restype = ctypes.c_ulong
+        handle = GetStdHandle(handle_id)
+        SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, color)
+        try:
+            print(s, file=file)  # NOQA
+        finally:
+            SetConsoleTextAttribute(handle, DEFAULT_COLOR)
+
+
+def debug(msg):
+    """If PSUTIL_DEBUG env var is set, print a debug message to stderr."""
+    if PSUTIL_DEBUG:
+        import inspect
+
+        fname, lineno, _, lines, index = inspect.getframeinfo(
+            inspect.currentframe().f_back
+        )
+        if isinstance(msg, Exception):
+            if isinstance(msg, (OSError, IOError, EnvironmentError)):
+                # ...because str(exc) may contain info about the file name
+                msg = "ignoring %s" % msg
+            else:
+                msg = "ignoring %r" % msg
+        print(  # noqa
+            "psutil-debug [%s:%s]> %s" % (fname, lineno, msg), file=sys.stderr
+        )

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_compat.py

@@ -0,0 +1,483 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Module which provides compatibility with older Python versions.
+This is more future-compatible rather than the opposite (prefer latest
+Python 3 way of doing things).
+"""
+
+import collections
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import functools
+import os
+import sys
+import types
+
+
+# fmt: off
+__all__ = [
+    # constants
+    "PY3",
+    # builtins
+    "long", "range", "super", "unicode", "basestring",
+    # literals
+    "u", "b",
+    # collections module
+    "lru_cache",
+    # shutil module
+    "which", "get_terminal_size",
+    # contextlib module
+    "redirect_stderr",
+    # python 3 exceptions
+    "FileNotFoundError", "PermissionError", "ProcessLookupError",
+    "InterruptedError", "ChildProcessError", "FileExistsError",
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+PY3 = sys.version_info[0] >= 3
+_SENTINEL = object()
+
+if PY3:
+    long = int
+    xrange = range
+    unicode = str
+    basestring = str
+    range = range
+
+    def u(s):
+        return s
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s.encode("latin-1")
+
+else:
+    long = long
+    range = xrange
+    unicode = unicode
+    basestring = basestring
+
+    def u(s):
+        return unicode(s, "unicode_escape")
+
+    def b(s):
+        return s
+
+
+# --- builtins
+
+
+# Python 3 super().
+# Taken from "future" package.
+# Credit: Ryan Kelly
+if PY3:
+    super = super
+else:
+    _builtin_super = super
+
+    def super(type_=_SENTINEL, type_or_obj=_SENTINEL, framedepth=1):
+        """Like Python 3 builtin super(). If called without any arguments
+        it attempts to infer them at runtime.
+        """
+        if type_ is _SENTINEL:
+            f = sys._getframe(framedepth)
+            try:
+                # Get the function's first positional argument.
+                type_or_obj = f.f_locals[f.f_code.co_varnames[0]]
+            except (IndexError, KeyError):
+                msg = 'super() used in a function with no args'
+                raise RuntimeError(msg)
+            try:
+                # Get the MRO so we can crawl it.
+                mro = type_or_obj.__mro__
+            except (AttributeError, RuntimeError):
+                try:
+                    mro = type_or_obj.__class__.__mro__
+                except AttributeError:
+                    msg = 'super() used in a non-newstyle class'
+                    raise RuntimeError(msg)
+            for type_ in mro:
+                #  Find the class that owns the currently-executing method.
+                for meth in type_.__dict__.values():
+                    # Drill down through any wrappers to the underlying func.
+                    # This handles e.g. classmethod() and staticmethod().
+                    try:
+                        while not isinstance(meth, types.FunctionType):
+                            if isinstance(meth, property):
+                                # Calling __get__ on the property will invoke
+                                # user code which might throw exceptions or
+                                # have side effects
+                                meth = meth.fget
+                            else:
+                                try:
+                                    meth = meth.__func__
+                                except AttributeError:
+                                    meth = meth.__get__(type_or_obj, type_)
+                    except (AttributeError, TypeError):
+                        continue
+                    if meth.func_code is f.f_code:
+                        break  # found
+                else:
+                    # Not found. Move onto the next class in MRO.
+                    continue
+                break  # found
+            else:
+                msg = 'super() called outside a method'
+                raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+        # Dispatch to builtin super().
+        if type_or_obj is not _SENTINEL:
+            return _builtin_super(type_, type_or_obj)
+        return _builtin_super(type_)
+
+
+# --- exceptions
+
+
+if PY3:
+    FileNotFoundError = FileNotFoundError  # NOQA
+    PermissionError = PermissionError  # NOQA
+    ProcessLookupError = ProcessLookupError  # NOQA
+    InterruptedError = InterruptedError  # NOQA
+    ChildProcessError = ChildProcessError  # NOQA
+    FileExistsError = FileExistsError  # NOQA
+else:
+    # https://github.com/PythonCharmers/python-future/blob/exceptions/
+    #     src/future/types/exceptions/pep3151.py
+    import platform
+
+    def _instance_checking_exception(base_exception=Exception):
+        def wrapped(instance_checker):
+            class TemporaryClass(base_exception):
+                def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                    if len(args) == 1 and isinstance(args[0], TemporaryClass):
+                        unwrap_me = args[0]
+                        for attr in dir(unwrap_me):
+                            if not attr.startswith('__'):
+                                setattr(self, attr, getattr(unwrap_me, attr))
+                    else:
+                        super(TemporaryClass, self).__init__(  # noqa
+                            *args, **kwargs
+                        )
+
+                class __metaclass__(type):
+                    def __instancecheck__(cls, inst):
+                        return instance_checker(inst)
+
+                    def __subclasscheck__(cls, classinfo):
+                        value = sys.exc_info()[1]
+                        return isinstance(value, cls)
+
+            TemporaryClass.__name__ = instance_checker.__name__
+            TemporaryClass.__doc__ = instance_checker.__doc__
+            return TemporaryClass
+
+        return wrapped
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def FileNotFoundError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) == errno.ENOENT
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def ProcessLookupError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) == errno.ESRCH
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def PermissionError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) in (errno.EACCES, errno.EPERM)
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def InterruptedError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) == errno.EINTR
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def ChildProcessError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) == errno.ECHILD
+
+    @_instance_checking_exception(EnvironmentError)
+    def FileExistsError(inst):
+        return getattr(inst, 'errno', _SENTINEL) == errno.EEXIST
+
+    if platform.python_implementation() != "CPython":
+        try:
+            raise OSError(errno.EEXIST, "perm")
+        except FileExistsError:
+            pass
+        except OSError:
+            msg = (
+                "broken or incompatible Python implementation, see: "
+                "https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1659"
+            )
+            raise RuntimeError(msg)
+
+
+# --- stdlib additions
+
+
+# py 3.2 functools.lru_cache
+# Taken from: http://code.activestate.com/recipes/578078
+# Credit: Raymond Hettinger
+try:
+    from functools import lru_cache
+except ImportError:
+    try:
+        from threading import RLock
+    except ImportError:
+        from dummy_threading import RLock
+
+    _CacheInfo = collections.namedtuple(
+        "CacheInfo", ["hits", "misses", "maxsize", "currsize"]
+    )
+
+    class _HashedSeq(list):
+        __slots__ = ('hashvalue',)
+
+        def __init__(self, tup, hash=hash):
+            self[:] = tup
+            self.hashvalue = hash(tup)
+
+        def __hash__(self):
+            return self.hashvalue
+
+    def _make_key(
+        args,
+        kwds,
+        typed,
+        kwd_mark=(_SENTINEL,),
+        fasttypes=set((int, str, frozenset, type(None))),  # noqa
+        sorted=sorted,
+        tuple=tuple,
+        type=type,
+        len=len,
+    ):
+        key = args
+        if kwds:
+            sorted_items = sorted(kwds.items())
+            key += kwd_mark
+            for item in sorted_items:
+                key += item
+        if typed:
+            key += tuple(type(v) for v in args)
+            if kwds:
+                key += tuple(type(v) for k, v in sorted_items)
+        elif len(key) == 1 and type(key[0]) in fasttypes:
+            return key[0]
+        return _HashedSeq(key)
+
+    def lru_cache(maxsize=100, typed=False):
+        """Least-recently-used cache decorator, see:
+        http://docs.python.org/3/library/functools.html#functools.lru_cache.
+        """
+
+        def decorating_function(user_function):
+            cache = {}
+            stats = [0, 0]
+            HITS, MISSES = 0, 1
+            make_key = _make_key
+            cache_get = cache.get
+            _len = len
+            lock = RLock()
+            root = []
+            root[:] = [root, root, None, None]
+            nonlocal_root = [root]
+            PREV, NEXT, KEY, RESULT = 0, 1, 2, 3
+            if maxsize == 0:
+
+                def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+                    result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
+                    stats[MISSES] += 1
+                    return result
+
+            elif maxsize is None:
+
+                def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+                    key = make_key(args, kwds, typed)
+                    result = cache_get(key, root)
+                    if result is not root:
+                        stats[HITS] += 1
+                        return result
+                    result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
+                    cache[key] = result
+                    stats[MISSES] += 1
+                    return result
+
+            else:
+
+                def wrapper(*args, **kwds):
+                    if kwds or typed:
+                        key = make_key(args, kwds, typed)
+                    else:
+                        key = args
+                    lock.acquire()
+                    try:
+                        link = cache_get(key)
+                        if link is not None:
+                            (root,) = nonlocal_root
+                            link_prev, link_next, key, result = link
+                            link_prev[NEXT] = link_next
+                            link_next[PREV] = link_prev
+                            last = root[PREV]
+                            last[NEXT] = root[PREV] = link
+                            link[PREV] = last
+                            link[NEXT] = root
+                            stats[HITS] += 1
+                            return result
+                    finally:
+                        lock.release()
+                    result = user_function(*args, **kwds)
+                    lock.acquire()
+                    try:
+                        (root,) = nonlocal_root
+                        if key in cache:
+                            pass
+                        elif _len(cache) >= maxsize:
+                            oldroot = root
+                            oldroot[KEY] = key
+                            oldroot[RESULT] = result
+                            root = nonlocal_root[0] = oldroot[NEXT]
+                            oldkey = root[KEY]
+                            root[KEY] = root[RESULT] = None
+                            del cache[oldkey]
+                            cache[key] = oldroot
+                        else:
+                            last = root[PREV]
+                            link = [last, root, key, result]
+                            last[NEXT] = root[PREV] = cache[key] = link
+                        stats[MISSES] += 1
+                    finally:
+                        lock.release()
+                    return result
+
+            def cache_info():
+                """Report cache statistics."""
+                lock.acquire()
+                try:
+                    return _CacheInfo(
+                        stats[HITS], stats[MISSES], maxsize, len(cache)
+                    )
+                finally:
+                    lock.release()
+
+            def cache_clear():
+                """Clear the cache and cache statistics."""
+                lock.acquire()
+                try:
+                    cache.clear()
+                    root = nonlocal_root[0]
+                    root[:] = [root, root, None, None]
+                    stats[:] = [0, 0]
+                finally:
+                    lock.release()
+
+            wrapper.__wrapped__ = user_function
+            wrapper.cache_info = cache_info
+            wrapper.cache_clear = cache_clear
+            return functools.update_wrapper(wrapper, user_function)
+
+        return decorating_function
+
+
+# python 3.3
+try:
+    from shutil import which
+except ImportError:
+
+    def which(cmd, mode=os.F_OK | os.X_OK, path=None):
+        """Given a command, mode, and a PATH string, return the path which
+        conforms to the given mode on the PATH, or None if there is no such
+        file.
+
+        `mode` defaults to os.F_OK | os.X_OK. `path` defaults to the result
+        of os.environ.get("PATH"), or can be overridden with a custom search
+        path.
+        """
+
+        def _access_check(fn, mode):
+            return (
+                os.path.exists(fn)
+                and os.access(fn, mode)
+                and not os.path.isdir(fn)
+            )
+
+        if os.path.dirname(cmd):
+            if _access_check(cmd, mode):
+                return cmd
+            return None
+
+        if path is None:
+            path = os.environ.get("PATH", os.defpath)
+        if not path:
+            return None
+        path = path.split(os.pathsep)
+
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            if os.curdir not in path:
+                path.insert(0, os.curdir)
+
+            pathext = os.environ.get("PATHEXT", "").split(os.pathsep)
+            if any(cmd.lower().endswith(ext.lower()) for ext in pathext):
+                files = [cmd]
+            else:
+                files = [cmd + ext for ext in pathext]
+        else:
+            files = [cmd]
+
+        seen = set()
+        for dir in path:
+            normdir = os.path.normcase(dir)
+            if normdir not in seen:
+                seen.add(normdir)
+                for thefile in files:
+                    name = os.path.join(dir, thefile)
+                    if _access_check(name, mode):
+                        return name
+        return None
+
+
+# python 3.3
+try:
+    from shutil import get_terminal_size
+except ImportError:
+
+    def get_terminal_size(fallback=(80, 24)):
+        try:
+            import fcntl
+            import struct
+            import termios
+        except ImportError:
+            return fallback
+        else:
+            try:
+                # This should work on Linux.
+                res = struct.unpack(
+                    'hh', fcntl.ioctl(1, termios.TIOCGWINSZ, '1234')
+                )
+                return (res[1], res[0])
+            except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+                return fallback
+
+
+# python 3.3
+try:
+    from subprocess import TimeoutExpired as SubprocessTimeoutExpired
+except ImportError:
+
+    class SubprocessTimeoutExpired(Exception):
+        pass
+
+
+# python 3.5
+try:
+    from contextlib import redirect_stderr
+except ImportError:
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def redirect_stderr(new_target):
+        original = sys.stderr
+        try:
+            sys.stderr = new_target
+            yield new_target
+        finally:
+            sys.stderr = original

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_psaix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'
+# Copyright (c) 2017, Arnon Yaari
+# All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""AIX platform implementation."""
+
+import functools
+import glob
+import os
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import _common
+from . import _psposix
+from . import _psutil_aix as cext
+from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_FULL
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_HALF
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import ZombieProcess
+from ._common import conn_to_ntuple
+from ._common import get_procfs_path
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PY3
+from ._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+
+
+__extra__all__ = ["PROCFS_PATH"]
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- globals
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+HAS_THREADS = hasattr(cext, "proc_threads")
+HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS = hasattr(cext, "net_io_counters")
+HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS = hasattr(cext, "proc_io_counters")
+
+PAGE_SIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize()
+AF_LINK = cext_posix.AF_LINK
+
+PROC_STATUSES = {
+    cext.SIDL: _common.STATUS_IDLE,
+    cext.SZOMB: _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE,
+    cext.SACTIVE: _common.STATUS_RUNNING,
+    cext.SSWAP: _common.STATUS_RUNNING,  # TODO what status is this?
+    cext.SSTOP: _common.STATUS_STOPPED,
+}
+
+TCP_STATUSES = {
+    cext.TCPS_ESTABLISHED: _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_SENT: _common.CONN_SYN_SENT,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_RCVD: _common.CONN_SYN_RECV,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_1: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2,
+    cext.TCPS_TIME_WAIT: _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSED: _common.CONN_CLOSE,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSE_WAIT: _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_LAST_ACK: _common.CONN_LAST_ACK,
+    cext.TCPS_LISTEN: _common.CONN_LISTEN,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSING: _common.CONN_CLOSING,
+    cext.PSUTIL_CONN_NONE: _common.CONN_NONE,
+}
+
+proc_info_map = dict(
+    ppid=0,
+    rss=1,
+    vms=2,
+    create_time=3,
+    nice=4,
+    num_threads=5,
+    status=6,
+    ttynr=7,
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- named tuples
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# psutil.Process.memory_info()
+pmem = namedtuple('pmem', ['rss', 'vms'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_full_info()
+pfullmem = pmem
+# psutil.Process.cpu_times()
+scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', ['user', 'system', 'idle', 'iowait'])
+# psutil.virtual_memory()
+svmem = namedtuple('svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free'])
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- memory
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    total, avail, free, pinned, inuse = cext.virtual_mem()
+    percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1)
+    return svmem(total, avail, percent, inuse, free)
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Swap system memory as a (total, used, free, sin, sout) tuple."""
+    total, free, sin, sout = cext.swap_mem()
+    used = total - free
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, sin, sout)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_times():
+    """Return system-wide CPU times as a named tuple."""
+    ret = cext.per_cpu_times()
+    return scputimes(*[sum(x) for x in zip(*ret)])
+
+
+def per_cpu_times():
+    """Return system per-CPU times as a list of named tuples."""
+    ret = cext.per_cpu_times()
+    return [scputimes(*x) for x in ret]
+
+
+def cpu_count_logical():
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system."""
+    try:
+        return os.sysconf("SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN")
+    except ValueError:
+        # mimic os.cpu_count() behavior
+        return None
+
+
+def cpu_count_cores():
+    cmd = ["lsdev", "-Cc", "processor"]
+    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+    if PY3:
+        stdout, stderr = (
+            x.decode(sys.stdout.encoding) for x in (stdout, stderr)
+        )
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise RuntimeError("%r command error\n%s" % (cmd, stderr))
+    processors = stdout.strip().splitlines()
+    return len(processors) or None
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    """Return various CPU stats as a named tuple."""
+    ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls = cext.cpu_stats()
+    return _common.scpustats(
+        ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls
+    )
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disks
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+disk_io_counters = cext.disk_io_counters
+disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all=False):
+    """Return system disk partitions."""
+    # TODO - the filtering logic should be better checked so that
+    # it tries to reflect 'df' as much as possible
+    retlist = []
+    partitions = cext.disk_partitions()
+    for partition in partitions:
+        device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition
+        if device == 'none':
+            device = ''
+        if not all:
+            # Differently from, say, Linux, we don't have a list of
+            # common fs types so the best we can do, AFAIK, is to
+            # filter by filesystem having a total size > 0.
+            if not disk_usage(mountpoint).total:
+                continue
+        maxfile = maxpath = None  # set later
+        ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(
+            device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, maxfile, maxpath
+        )
+        retlist.append(ntuple)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs
+
+if HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS:
+    net_io_counters = cext.net_io_counters
+
+
+def net_connections(kind, _pid=-1):
+    """Return socket connections.  If pid == -1 return system-wide
+    connections (as opposed to connections opened by one process only).
+    """
+    cmap = _common.conn_tmap
+    if kind not in cmap:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s"
+            % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in cmap]))
+        )
+    families, types = _common.conn_tmap[kind]
+    rawlist = cext.net_connections(_pid)
+    ret = []
+    for item in rawlist:
+        fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid = item
+        if fam not in families:
+            continue
+        if type_ not in types:
+            continue
+        nt = conn_to_ntuple(
+            fd,
+            fam,
+            type_,
+            laddr,
+            raddr,
+            status,
+            TCP_STATUSES,
+            pid=pid if _pid == -1 else None,
+        )
+        ret.append(nt)
+    return ret
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu)."""
+    duplex_map = {"Full": NIC_DUPLEX_FULL, "Half": NIC_DUPLEX_HALF}
+    names = set([x[0] for x in net_if_addrs()])
+    ret = {}
+    for name in names:
+        mtu = cext_posix.net_if_mtu(name)
+        flags = cext_posix.net_if_flags(name)
+
+        # try to get speed and duplex
+        # TODO: rewrite this in C (entstat forks, so use truss -f to follow.
+        # looks like it is using an undocumented ioctl?)
+        duplex = ""
+        speed = 0
+        p = subprocess.Popen(
+            ["/usr/bin/entstat", "-d", name],
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        )
+        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+        if PY3:
+            stdout, stderr = (
+                x.decode(sys.stdout.encoding) for x in (stdout, stderr)
+            )
+        if p.returncode == 0:
+            re_result = re.search(
+                r"Running: (\d+) Mbps.*?(\w+) Duplex", stdout
+            )
+            if re_result is not None:
+                speed = int(re_result.group(1))
+                duplex = re_result.group(2)
+
+        output_flags = ','.join(flags)
+        isup = 'running' in flags
+        duplex = duplex_map.get(duplex, NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN)
+        ret[name] = _common.snicstats(isup, duplex, speed, mtu, output_flags)
+    return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """The system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    return cext.boot_time()
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    rawlist = cext.users()
+    localhost = (':0.0', ':0')
+    for item in rawlist:
+        user, tty, hostname, tstamp, user_process, pid = item
+        # note: the underlying C function includes entries about
+        # system boot, run level and others.  We might want
+        # to use them in the future.
+        if not user_process:
+            continue
+        if hostname in localhost:
+            hostname = 'localhost'
+        nt = _common.suser(user, tty, hostname, tstamp, pid)
+        retlist.append(nt)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- processes
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def pids():
+    """Returns a list of PIDs currently running on the system."""
+    return [int(x) for x in os.listdir(get_procfs_path()) if x.isdigit()]
+
+
+def pid_exists(pid):
+    """Check for the existence of a unix pid."""
+    return os.path.exists(os.path.join(get_procfs_path(), str(pid), "psinfo"))
+
+
+def wrap_exceptions(fun):
+    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
+    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
+            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
+            # process is gone in meantime.
+            if not pid_exists(self.pid):
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+            else:
+                raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
+        except PermissionError:
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Process:
+    """Wrapper class around underlying C implementation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_procfs_path", "_cache"]
+
+    def __init__(self, pid):
+        self.pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._ppid = None
+        self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+
+    def oneshot_enter(self):
+        self._proc_basic_info.cache_activate(self)
+        self._proc_cred.cache_activate(self)
+
+    def oneshot_exit(self):
+        self._proc_basic_info.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._proc_cred.cache_deactivate(self)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_basic_info(self):
+        return cext.proc_basic_info(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_cred(self):
+        return cext.proc_cred(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def name(self):
+        if self.pid == 0:
+            return "swapper"
+        # note: max 16 characters
+        return cext.proc_name(self.pid, self._procfs_path).rstrip("\x00")
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def exe(self):
+        # there is no way to get executable path in AIX other than to guess,
+        # and guessing is more complex than what's in the wrapping class
+        cmdline = self.cmdline()
+        if not cmdline:
+            return ''
+        exe = cmdline[0]
+        if os.path.sep in exe:
+            # relative or absolute path
+            if not os.path.isabs(exe):
+                # if cwd has changed, we're out of luck - this may be wrong!
+                exe = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(self.cwd(), exe))
+            if (
+                os.path.isabs(exe)
+                and os.path.isfile(exe)
+                and os.access(exe, os.X_OK)
+            ):
+                return exe
+            # not found, move to search in PATH using basename only
+            exe = os.path.basename(exe)
+        # search for exe name PATH
+        for path in os.environ["PATH"].split(":"):
+            possible_exe = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(path, exe))
+            if os.path.isfile(possible_exe) and os.access(
+                possible_exe, os.X_OK
+            ):
+                return possible_exe
+        return ''
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cmdline(self):
+        return cext.proc_args(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def environ(self):
+        return cext.proc_environ(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def create_time(self):
+        return self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['create_time']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_threads(self):
+        return self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['num_threads']]
+
+    if HAS_THREADS:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def threads(self):
+            rawlist = cext.proc_threads(self.pid)
+            retlist = []
+            for thread_id, utime, stime in rawlist:
+                ntuple = _common.pthread(thread_id, utime, stime)
+                retlist.append(ntuple)
+            # The underlying C implementation retrieves all OS threads
+            # and filters them by PID.  At this point we can't tell whether
+            # an empty list means there were no connections for process or
+            # process is no longer active so we force NSP in case the PID
+            # is no longer there.
+            if not retlist:
+                # will raise NSP if process is gone
+                os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+            return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        ret = net_connections(kind, _pid=self.pid)
+        # The underlying C implementation retrieves all OS connections
+        # and filters them by PID.  At this point we can't tell whether
+        # an empty list means there were no connections for process or
+        # process is no longer active so we force NSP in case the PID
+        # is no longer there.
+        if not ret:
+            # will raise NSP if process is gone
+            os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_get(self):
+        return cext_posix.getpriority(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_set(self, value):
+        return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ppid(self):
+        self._ppid = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['ppid']]
+        return self._ppid
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def uids(self):
+        real, effective, saved, _, _, _ = self._proc_cred()
+        return _common.puids(real, effective, saved)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def gids(self):
+        _, _, _, real, effective, saved = self._proc_cred()
+        return _common.puids(real, effective, saved)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        t = cext.proc_cpu_times(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+        return _common.pcputimes(*t)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def terminal(self):
+        ttydev = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['ttynr']]
+        # convert from 64-bit dev_t to 32-bit dev_t and then map the device
+        ttydev = ((ttydev & 0x0000FFFF00000000) >> 16) | (ttydev & 0xFFFF)
+        # try to match rdev of /dev/pts/* files ttydev
+        for dev in glob.glob("/dev/**/*"):
+            if os.stat(dev).st_rdev == ttydev:
+                return dev
+        return None
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cwd(self):
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        try:
+            result = os.readlink("%s/%s/cwd" % (procfs_path, self.pid))
+            return result.rstrip('/')
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            os.stat("%s/%s" % (procfs_path, self.pid))  # raise NSP or AD
+            return ""
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_info(self):
+        ret = self._proc_basic_info()
+        rss = ret[proc_info_map['rss']] * 1024
+        vms = ret[proc_info_map['vms']] * 1024
+        return pmem(rss, vms)
+
+    memory_full_info = memory_info
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def status(self):
+        code = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['status']]
+        # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway)
+        return PROC_STATUSES.get(code, '?')
+
+    def open_files(self):
+        # TODO rewrite without using procfiles (stat /proc/pid/fd/* and then
+        # find matching name of the inode)
+        p = subprocess.Popen(
+            ["/usr/bin/procfiles", "-n", str(self.pid)],
+            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+            stderr=subprocess.PIPE,
+        )
+        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+        if PY3:
+            stdout, stderr = (
+                x.decode(sys.stdout.encoding) for x in (stdout, stderr)
+            )
+        if "no such process" in stderr.lower():
+            raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+        procfiles = re.findall(r"(\d+): S_IFREG.*\s*.*name:(.*)\n", stdout)
+        retlist = []
+        for fd, path in procfiles:
+            path = path.strip()
+            if path.startswith("//"):
+                path = path[1:]
+            if path.lower() == "cannot be retrieved":
+                continue
+            retlist.append(_common.popenfile(path, int(fd)))
+        return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_fds(self):
+        if self.pid == 0:  # no /proc/0/fd
+            return 0
+        return len(os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_ctx_switches(self):
+        return _common.pctxsw(*cext.proc_num_ctx_switches(self.pid))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name)
+
+    if HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def io_counters(self):
+            try:
+                rc, wc, rb, wb = cext.proc_io_counters(self.pid)
+            except OSError:
+                # if process is terminated, proc_io_counters returns OSError
+                # instead of NSP
+                if not pid_exists(self.pid):
+                    raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+                raise
+            return _common.pio(rc, wc, rb, wb)

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_pslinux.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2366 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Linux platform implementation."""
+
+from __future__ import division
+
+import base64
+import collections
+import errno
+import functools
+import glob
+import os
+import re
+import socket
+import struct
+import sys
+import warnings
+from collections import defaultdict
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import _common
+from . import _psposix
+from . import _psutil_linux as cext
+from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_FULL
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_HALF
+from ._common import NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import ZombieProcess
+from ._common import bcat
+from ._common import cat
+from ._common import debug
+from ._common import decode
+from ._common import get_procfs_path
+from ._common import isfile_strict
+from ._common import memoize
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import open_binary
+from ._common import open_text
+from ._common import parse_environ_block
+from ._common import path_exists_strict
+from ._common import supports_ipv6
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PY3
+from ._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+from ._compat import b
+from ._compat import basestring
+
+
+if PY3:
+    import enum
+else:
+    enum = None
+
+
+# fmt: off
+__extra__all__ = [
+    #
+    'PROCFS_PATH',
+    # io prio constants
+    "IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE", "IOPRIO_CLASS_RT", "IOPRIO_CLASS_BE",
+    "IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE",
+    # connection status constants
+    "CONN_ESTABLISHED", "CONN_SYN_SENT", "CONN_SYN_RECV", "CONN_FIN_WAIT1",
+    "CONN_FIN_WAIT2", "CONN_TIME_WAIT", "CONN_CLOSE", "CONN_CLOSE_WAIT",
+    "CONN_LAST_ACK", "CONN_LISTEN", "CONN_CLOSING",
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- globals
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+POWER_SUPPLY_PATH = "/sys/class/power_supply"
+HAS_PROC_SMAPS = os.path.exists('/proc/%s/smaps' % os.getpid())
+HAS_PROC_SMAPS_ROLLUP = os.path.exists('/proc/%s/smaps_rollup' % os.getpid())
+HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_ioprio_get")
+HAS_CPU_AFFINITY = hasattr(cext, "proc_cpu_affinity_get")
+
+# Number of clock ticks per second
+CLOCK_TICKS = os.sysconf("SC_CLK_TCK")
+PAGESIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize()
+BOOT_TIME = None  # set later
+LITTLE_ENDIAN = sys.byteorder == 'little'
+
+# "man iostat" states that sectors are equivalent with blocks and have
+# a size of 512 bytes. Despite this value can be queried at runtime
+# via /sys/block/{DISK}/queue/hw_sector_size and results may vary
+# between 1k, 2k, or 4k... 512 appears to be a magic constant used
+# throughout Linux source code:
+# * https://stackoverflow.com/a/38136179/376587
+# * https://lists.gt.net/linux/kernel/2241060
+# * https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1305
+# * https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/
+#     4f671fe2f9523a1ea206f63fe60a7c7b3a56d5c7/include/linux/bio.h#L99
+# * https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/8/17/234
+DISK_SECTOR_SIZE = 512
+
+if enum is None:
+    AF_LINK = socket.AF_PACKET
+else:
+    AddressFamily = enum.IntEnum(
+        'AddressFamily', {'AF_LINK': int(socket.AF_PACKET)}
+    )
+    AF_LINK = AddressFamily.AF_LINK
+
+# ioprio_* constants http://linux.die.net/man/2/ioprio_get
+if enum is None:
+    IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0
+    IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1
+    IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2
+    IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3
+else:
+
+    class IOPriority(enum.IntEnum):
+        IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE = 0
+        IOPRIO_CLASS_RT = 1
+        IOPRIO_CLASS_BE = 2
+        IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE = 3
+
+    globals().update(IOPriority.__members__)
+
+# See:
+# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blame/master/fs/proc/array.c
+# ...and (TASK_* constants):
+# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/linux/sched.h
+PROC_STATUSES = {
+    "R": _common.STATUS_RUNNING,
+    "S": _common.STATUS_SLEEPING,
+    "D": _common.STATUS_DISK_SLEEP,
+    "T": _common.STATUS_STOPPED,
+    "t": _common.STATUS_TRACING_STOP,
+    "Z": _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE,
+    "X": _common.STATUS_DEAD,
+    "x": _common.STATUS_DEAD,
+    "K": _common.STATUS_WAKE_KILL,
+    "W": _common.STATUS_WAKING,
+    "I": _common.STATUS_IDLE,
+    "P": _common.STATUS_PARKED,
+}
+
+# https://github.com/torvalds/linux/blob/master/include/net/tcp_states.h
+TCP_STATUSES = {
+    "01": _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED,
+    "02": _common.CONN_SYN_SENT,
+    "03": _common.CONN_SYN_RECV,
+    "04": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1,
+    "05": _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2,
+    "06": _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT,
+    "07": _common.CONN_CLOSE,
+    "08": _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT,
+    "09": _common.CONN_LAST_ACK,
+    "0A": _common.CONN_LISTEN,
+    "0B": _common.CONN_CLOSING,
+}
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- named tuples
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# fmt: off
+# psutil.virtual_memory()
+svmem = namedtuple(
+    'svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free',
+              'active', 'inactive', 'buffers', 'cached', 'shared', 'slab'])
+# psutil.disk_io_counters()
+sdiskio = namedtuple(
+    'sdiskio', ['read_count', 'write_count',
+                'read_bytes', 'write_bytes',
+                'read_time', 'write_time',
+                'read_merged_count', 'write_merged_count',
+                'busy_time'])
+# psutil.Process().open_files()
+popenfile = namedtuple(
+    'popenfile', ['path', 'fd', 'position', 'mode', 'flags'])
+# psutil.Process().memory_info()
+pmem = namedtuple('pmem', 'rss vms shared text lib data dirty')
+# psutil.Process().memory_full_info()
+pfullmem = namedtuple('pfullmem', pmem._fields + ('uss', 'pss', 'swap'))
+# psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=True)
+pmmap_grouped = namedtuple(
+    'pmmap_grouped',
+    ['path', 'rss', 'size', 'pss', 'shared_clean', 'shared_dirty',
+     'private_clean', 'private_dirty', 'referenced', 'anonymous', 'swap'])
+# psutil.Process().memory_maps(grouped=False)
+pmmap_ext = namedtuple(
+    'pmmap_ext', 'addr perms ' + ' '.join(pmmap_grouped._fields))
+# psutil.Process.io_counters()
+pio = namedtuple('pio', ['read_count', 'write_count',
+                         'read_bytes', 'write_bytes',
+                         'read_chars', 'write_chars'])
+# psutil.Process.cpu_times()
+pcputimes = namedtuple('pcputimes',
+                       ['user', 'system', 'children_user', 'children_system',
+                        'iowait'])
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- utils
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def readlink(path):
+    """Wrapper around os.readlink()."""
+    assert isinstance(path, basestring), path
+    path = os.readlink(path)
+    # readlink() might return paths containing null bytes ('\x00')
+    # resulting in "TypeError: must be encoded string without NULL
+    # bytes, not str" errors when the string is passed to other
+    # fs-related functions (os.*, open(), ...).
+    # Apparently everything after '\x00' is garbage (we can have
+    # ' (deleted)', 'new' and possibly others), see:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/717
+    path = path.split('\x00')[0]
+    # Certain paths have ' (deleted)' appended. Usually this is
+    # bogus as the file actually exists. Even if it doesn't we
+    # don't care.
+    if path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not path_exists_strict(path):
+        path = path[:-10]
+    return path
+
+
+def file_flags_to_mode(flags):
+    """Convert file's open() flags into a readable string.
+    Used by Process.open_files().
+    """
+    modes_map = {os.O_RDONLY: 'r', os.O_WRONLY: 'w', os.O_RDWR: 'w+'}
+    mode = modes_map[flags & (os.O_RDONLY | os.O_WRONLY | os.O_RDWR)]
+    if flags & os.O_APPEND:
+        mode = mode.replace('w', 'a', 1)
+    mode = mode.replace('w+', 'r+')
+    # possible values: r, w, a, r+, a+
+    return mode
+
+
+def is_storage_device(name):
+    """Return True if the given name refers to a root device (e.g.
+    "sda", "nvme0n1") as opposed to a logical partition (e.g.  "sda1",
+    "nvme0n1p1"). If name is a virtual device (e.g. "loop1", "ram")
+    return True.
+    """
+    # Re-adapted from iostat source code, see:
+    # https://github.com/sysstat/sysstat/blob/
+    #     97912938cd476645b267280069e83b1c8dc0e1c7/common.c#L208
+    # Some devices may have a slash in their name (e.g. cciss/c0d0...).
+    name = name.replace('/', '!')
+    including_virtual = True
+    if including_virtual:
+        path = "/sys/block/%s" % name
+    else:
+        path = "/sys/block/%s/device" % name
+    return os.access(path, os.F_OK)
+
+
+@memoize
+def set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path):
+    """Set a namedtuple of variable fields depending on the CPU times
+    available on this Linux kernel version which may be:
+    (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq, [steal, [guest,
+     [guest_nice]]])
+    Used by cpu_times() function.
+    """
+    global scputimes
+    with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f:
+        values = f.readline().split()[1:]
+    fields = ['user', 'nice', 'system', 'idle', 'iowait', 'irq', 'softirq']
+    vlen = len(values)
+    if vlen >= 8:
+        # Linux >= 2.6.11
+        fields.append('steal')
+    if vlen >= 9:
+        # Linux >= 2.6.24
+        fields.append('guest')
+    if vlen >= 10:
+        # Linux >= 3.2.0
+        fields.append('guest_nice')
+    scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', fields)
+
+
+try:
+    set_scputimes_ntuple("/proc")
+except Exception as err:  # noqa: BLE001
+    # Don't want to crash at import time.
+    debug("ignoring exception on import: %r" % err)
+    scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', 'user system idle')(0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- prlimit
+# =====================================================================
+
+# Backport of resource.prlimit() for Python 2. Originally this was done
+# in C, but CentOS-6 which we use to create manylinux wheels is too old
+# and does not support prlimit() syscall. As such the resulting wheel
+# would not include prlimit(), even when installed on newer systems.
+# This is the only part of psutil using ctypes.
+
+prlimit = None
+try:
+    from resource import prlimit  # python >= 3.4
+except ImportError:
+    import ctypes
+
+    libc = ctypes.CDLL(None, use_errno=True)
+
+    if hasattr(libc, "prlimit"):
+
+        def prlimit(pid, resource_, limits=None):
+            class StructRlimit(ctypes.Structure):
+                _fields_ = [
+                    ('rlim_cur', ctypes.c_longlong),
+                    ('rlim_max', ctypes.c_longlong),
+                ]
+
+            current = StructRlimit()
+            if limits is None:
+                # get
+                ret = libc.prlimit(pid, resource_, None, ctypes.byref(current))
+            else:
+                # set
+                new = StructRlimit()
+                new.rlim_cur = limits[0]
+                new.rlim_max = limits[1]
+                ret = libc.prlimit(
+                    pid, resource_, ctypes.byref(new), ctypes.byref(current)
+                )
+
+            if ret != 0:
+                errno_ = ctypes.get_errno()
+                raise OSError(errno_, os.strerror(errno_))
+            return (current.rlim_cur, current.rlim_max)
+
+
+if prlimit is not None:
+    __extra__all__.extend(
+        [x for x in dir(cext) if x.startswith('RLIM') and x.isupper()]
+    )
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- system memory
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def calculate_avail_vmem(mems):
+    """Fallback for kernels < 3.14 where /proc/meminfo does not provide
+    "MemAvailable", see:
+    https://blog.famzah.net/2014/09/24/.
+
+    This code reimplements the algorithm outlined here:
+    https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/
+        commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773
+
+    We use this function also when "MemAvailable" returns 0 (possibly a
+    kernel bug, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1915).
+    In that case this routine matches "free" CLI tool result ("available"
+    column).
+
+    XXX: on recent kernels this calculation may differ by ~1.5% compared
+    to "MemAvailable:", as it's calculated slightly differently.
+    It is still way more realistic than doing (free + cached) though.
+    See:
+    * https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/issues/42
+    * https://github.com/famzah/linux-memavailable-procfs/issues/2
+    """
+    # Note about "fallback" value. According to:
+    # https://git.kernel.org/cgit/linux/kernel/git/torvalds/linux.git/
+    #     commit/?id=34e431b0ae398fc54ea69ff85ec700722c9da773
+    # ...long ago "available" memory was calculated as (free + cached),
+    # We use fallback when one of these is missing from /proc/meminfo:
+    # "Active(file)": introduced in 2.6.28 / Dec 2008
+    # "Inactive(file)": introduced in 2.6.28 / Dec 2008
+    # "SReclaimable": introduced in 2.6.19 / Nov 2006
+    # /proc/zoneinfo: introduced in 2.6.13 / Aug 2005
+    free = mems[b'MemFree:']
+    fallback = free + mems.get(b"Cached:", 0)
+    try:
+        lru_active_file = mems[b'Active(file):']
+        lru_inactive_file = mems[b'Inactive(file):']
+        slab_reclaimable = mems[b'SReclaimable:']
+    except KeyError as err:
+        debug(
+            "%s is missing from /proc/meminfo; using an approximation for "
+            "calculating available memory"
+            % err.args[0]
+        )
+        return fallback
+    try:
+        f = open_binary('%s/zoneinfo' % get_procfs_path())
+    except IOError:
+        return fallback  # kernel 2.6.13
+
+    watermark_low = 0
+    with f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip()
+            if line.startswith(b'low'):
+                watermark_low += int(line.split()[1])
+    watermark_low *= PAGESIZE
+
+    avail = free - watermark_low
+    pagecache = lru_active_file + lru_inactive_file
+    pagecache -= min(pagecache / 2, watermark_low)
+    avail += pagecache
+    avail += slab_reclaimable - min(slab_reclaimable / 2.0, watermark_low)
+    return int(avail)
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    """Report virtual memory stats.
+    This implementation mimicks procps-ng-3.3.12, aka "free" CLI tool:
+    https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/
+        24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c#L778-791
+    The returned values are supposed to match both "free" and "vmstat -s"
+    CLI tools.
+    """
+    missing_fields = []
+    mems = {}
+    with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            fields = line.split()
+            mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024
+
+    # /proc doc states that the available fields in /proc/meminfo vary
+    # by architecture and compile options, but these 3 values are also
+    # returned by sysinfo(2); as such we assume they are always there.
+    total = mems[b'MemTotal:']
+    free = mems[b'MemFree:']
+    try:
+        buffers = mems[b'Buffers:']
+    except KeyError:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1010
+        buffers = 0
+        missing_fields.append('buffers')
+    try:
+        cached = mems[b"Cached:"]
+    except KeyError:
+        cached = 0
+        missing_fields.append('cached')
+    else:
+        # "free" cmdline utility sums reclaimable to cached.
+        # Older versions of procps used to add slab memory instead.
+        # This got changed in:
+        # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/commit/
+        #     05d751c4f076a2f0118b914c5e51cfbb4762ad8e
+        cached += mems.get(b"SReclaimable:", 0)  # since kernel 2.6.19
+
+    try:
+        shared = mems[b'Shmem:']  # since kernel 2.6.32
+    except KeyError:
+        try:
+            shared = mems[b'MemShared:']  # kernels 2.4
+        except KeyError:
+            shared = 0
+            missing_fields.append('shared')
+
+    try:
+        active = mems[b"Active:"]
+    except KeyError:
+        active = 0
+        missing_fields.append('active')
+
+    try:
+        inactive = mems[b"Inactive:"]
+    except KeyError:
+        try:
+            inactive = (
+                mems[b"Inact_dirty:"]
+                + mems[b"Inact_clean:"]
+                + mems[b"Inact_laundry:"]
+            )
+        except KeyError:
+            inactive = 0
+            missing_fields.append('inactive')
+
+    try:
+        slab = mems[b"Slab:"]
+    except KeyError:
+        slab = 0
+
+    used = total - free - cached - buffers
+    if used < 0:
+        # May be symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such
+        # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host.
+        used = total - free
+
+    # - starting from 4.4.0 we match free's "available" column.
+    #   Before 4.4.0 we calculated it as (free + buffers + cached)
+    #   which matched htop.
+    # - free and htop available memory differs as per:
+    #   http://askubuntu.com/a/369589
+    #   http://unix.stackexchange.com/a/65852/168884
+    # - MemAvailable has been introduced in kernel 3.14
+    try:
+        avail = mems[b'MemAvailable:']
+    except KeyError:
+        avail = calculate_avail_vmem(mems)
+    else:
+        if avail == 0:
+            # Yes, it can happen (probably a kernel bug):
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1915
+            # In this case "free" CLI tool makes an estimate. We do the same,
+            # and it matches "free" CLI tool.
+            avail = calculate_avail_vmem(mems)
+
+    if avail < 0:
+        avail = 0
+        missing_fields.append('available')
+    elif avail > total:
+        # If avail is greater than total or our calculation overflows,
+        # that's symptomatic of running within a LCX container where such
+        # values will be dramatically distorted over those of the host.
+        # https://gitlab.com/procps-ng/procps/blob/
+        #     24fd2605c51fccc375ab0287cec33aa767f06718/proc/sysinfo.c#L764
+        avail = free
+
+    percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1)
+
+    # Warn about missing metrics which are set to 0.
+    if missing_fields:
+        msg = "%s memory stats couldn't be determined and %s set to 0" % (
+            ", ".join(missing_fields),
+            "was" if len(missing_fields) == 1 else "were",
+        )
+        warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+    return svmem(
+        total,
+        avail,
+        percent,
+        used,
+        free,
+        active,
+        inactive,
+        buffers,
+        cached,
+        shared,
+        slab,
+    )
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Return swap memory metrics."""
+    mems = {}
+    with open_binary('%s/meminfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            fields = line.split()
+            mems[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024
+    # We prefer /proc/meminfo over sysinfo() syscall so that
+    # psutil.PROCFS_PATH can be used in order to allow retrieval
+    # for linux containers, see:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1015
+    try:
+        total = mems[b'SwapTotal:']
+        free = mems[b'SwapFree:']
+    except KeyError:
+        _, _, _, _, total, free, unit_multiplier = cext.linux_sysinfo()
+        total *= unit_multiplier
+        free *= unit_multiplier
+
+    used = total - free
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    # get pgin/pgouts
+    try:
+        f = open_binary("%s/vmstat" % get_procfs_path())
+    except IOError as err:
+        # see https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/722
+        msg = (
+            "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't "
+            + "be determined and were set to 0 (%s)" % str(err)
+        )
+        warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2)
+        sin = sout = 0
+    else:
+        with f:
+            sin = sout = None
+            for line in f:
+                # values are expressed in 4 kilo bytes, we want
+                # bytes instead
+                if line.startswith(b'pswpin'):
+                    sin = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024
+                elif line.startswith(b'pswpout'):
+                    sout = int(line.split(b' ')[1]) * 4 * 1024
+                if sin is not None and sout is not None:
+                    break
+            else:
+                # we might get here when dealing with exotic Linux
+                # flavors, see:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/313
+                msg = "'sin' and 'sout' swap memory stats couldn't "
+                msg += "be determined and were set to 0"
+                warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning, stacklevel=2)
+                sin = sout = 0
+    return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, sin, sout)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_times():
+    """Return a named tuple representing the following system-wide
+    CPU times:
+    (user, nice, system, idle, iowait, irq, softirq [steal, [guest,
+     [guest_nice]]])
+    Last 3 fields may not be available on all Linux kernel versions.
+    """
+    procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+    set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path)
+    with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f:
+        values = f.readline().split()
+    fields = values[1 : len(scputimes._fields) + 1]
+    fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields]
+    return scputimes(*fields)
+
+
+def per_cpu_times():
+    """Return a list of namedtuple representing the CPU times
+    for every CPU available on the system.
+    """
+    procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+    set_scputimes_ntuple(procfs_path)
+    cpus = []
+    with open_binary('%s/stat' % procfs_path) as f:
+        # get rid of the first line which refers to system wide CPU stats
+        f.readline()
+        for line in f:
+            if line.startswith(b'cpu'):
+                values = line.split()
+                fields = values[1 : len(scputimes._fields) + 1]
+                fields = [float(x) / CLOCK_TICKS for x in fields]
+                entry = scputimes(*fields)
+                cpus.append(entry)
+        return cpus
+
+
+def cpu_count_logical():
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system."""
+    try:
+        return os.sysconf("SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN")
+    except ValueError:
+        # as a second fallback we try to parse /proc/cpuinfo
+        num = 0
+        with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+            for line in f:
+                if line.lower().startswith(b'processor'):
+                    num += 1
+
+        # unknown format (e.g. amrel/sparc architectures), see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/200
+        # try to parse /proc/stat as a last resort
+        if num == 0:
+            search = re.compile(r'cpu\d')
+            with open_text('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    line = line.split(' ')[0]
+                    if search.match(line):
+                        num += 1
+
+        if num == 0:
+            # mimic os.cpu_count()
+            return None
+        return num
+
+
+def cpu_count_cores():
+    """Return the number of CPU cores in the system."""
+    # Method #1
+    ls = set()
+    # These 2 files are the same but */core_cpus_list is newer while
+    # */thread_siblings_list is deprecated and may disappear in the future.
+    # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/admin-guide/cputopology.rst
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1727#issuecomment-707624964
+    # https://lkml.org/lkml/2019/2/26/41
+    p1 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/core_cpus_list"
+    p2 = "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/topology/thread_siblings_list"
+    for path in glob.glob(p1) or glob.glob(p2):
+        with open_binary(path) as f:
+            ls.add(f.read().strip())
+    result = len(ls)
+    if result != 0:
+        return result
+
+    # Method #2
+    mapping = {}
+    current_info = {}
+    with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            line = line.strip().lower()
+            if not line:
+                # new section
+                try:
+                    mapping[current_info[b'physical id']] = current_info[
+                        b'cpu cores'
+                    ]
+                except KeyError:
+                    pass
+                current_info = {}
+            else:
+                # ongoing section
+                if line.startswith((b'physical id', b'cpu cores')):
+                    key, value = line.split(b'\t:', 1)
+                    current_info[key] = int(value)
+
+    result = sum(mapping.values())
+    return result or None  # mimic os.cpu_count()
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    """Return various CPU stats as a named tuple."""
+    with open_binary('%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        ctx_switches = None
+        interrupts = None
+        soft_interrupts = None
+        for line in f:
+            if line.startswith(b'ctxt'):
+                ctx_switches = int(line.split()[1])
+            elif line.startswith(b'intr'):
+                interrupts = int(line.split()[1])
+            elif line.startswith(b'softirq'):
+                soft_interrupts = int(line.split()[1])
+            if (
+                ctx_switches is not None
+                and soft_interrupts is not None
+                and interrupts is not None
+            ):
+                break
+    syscalls = 0
+    return _common.scpustats(
+        ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls
+    )
+
+
+def _cpu_get_cpuinfo_freq():
+    """Return current CPU frequency from cpuinfo if available."""
+    ret = []
+    with open_binary('%s/cpuinfo' % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            if line.lower().startswith(b'cpu mhz'):
+                ret.append(float(line.split(b':', 1)[1]))
+    return ret
+
+
+if os.path.exists("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy0") or os.path.exists(
+    "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq"
+):
+
+    def cpu_freq():
+        """Return frequency metrics for all CPUs.
+        Contrarily to other OSes, Linux updates these values in
+        real-time.
+        """
+        cpuinfo_freqs = _cpu_get_cpuinfo_freq()
+        paths = glob.glob(
+            "/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpufreq/policy[0-9]*"
+        ) or glob.glob("/sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu[0-9]*/cpufreq")
+        paths.sort(key=lambda x: int(re.search(r"[0-9]+", x).group()))
+        ret = []
+        pjoin = os.path.join
+        for i, path in enumerate(paths):
+            if len(paths) == len(cpuinfo_freqs):
+                # take cached value from cpuinfo if available, see:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1851
+                curr = cpuinfo_freqs[i] * 1000
+            else:
+                curr = bcat(pjoin(path, "scaling_cur_freq"), fallback=None)
+            if curr is None:
+                # Likely an old RedHat, see:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1071
+                curr = bcat(pjoin(path, "cpuinfo_cur_freq"), fallback=None)
+                if curr is None:
+                    msg = "can't find current frequency file"
+                    raise NotImplementedError(msg)
+            curr = int(curr) / 1000
+            max_ = int(bcat(pjoin(path, "scaling_max_freq"))) / 1000
+            min_ = int(bcat(pjoin(path, "scaling_min_freq"))) / 1000
+            ret.append(_common.scpufreq(curr, min_, max_))
+        return ret
+
+else:
+
+    def cpu_freq():
+        """Alternate implementation using /proc/cpuinfo.
+        min and max frequencies are not available and are set to None.
+        """
+        return [_common.scpufreq(x, 0.0, 0.0) for x in _cpu_get_cpuinfo_freq()]
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs
+
+
+class _Ipv6UnsupportedError(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class Connections:
+    """A wrapper on top of /proc/net/* files, retrieving per-process
+    and system-wide open connections (TCP, UDP, UNIX) similarly to
+    "netstat -an".
+
+    Note: in case of UNIX sockets we're only able to determine the
+    local endpoint/path, not the one it's connected to.
+    According to [1] it would be possible but not easily.
+
+    [1] http://serverfault.com/a/417946
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        # The string represents the basename of the corresponding
+        # /proc/net/{proto_name} file.
+        tcp4 = ("tcp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        tcp6 = ("tcp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        udp4 = ("udp", socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+        udp6 = ("udp6", socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+        unix = ("unix", socket.AF_UNIX, None)
+        self.tmap = {
+            "all": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6, unix),
+            "tcp": (tcp4, tcp6),
+            "tcp4": (tcp4,),
+            "tcp6": (tcp6,),
+            "udp": (udp4, udp6),
+            "udp4": (udp4,),
+            "udp6": (udp6,),
+            "unix": (unix,),
+            "inet": (tcp4, tcp6, udp4, udp6),
+            "inet4": (tcp4, udp4),
+            "inet6": (tcp6, udp6),
+        }
+        self._procfs_path = None
+
+    def get_proc_inodes(self, pid):
+        inodes = defaultdict(list)
+        for fd in os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, pid)):
+            try:
+                inode = readlink("%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, pid, fd))
+            except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+                # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime;
+                # os.stat('/proc/%s' % self.pid) will be done later
+                # to force NSP (if it's the case)
+                continue
+            except OSError as err:
+                if err.errno == errno.EINVAL:
+                    # not a link
+                    continue
+                if err.errno == errno.ENAMETOOLONG:
+                    # file name too long
+                    debug(err)
+                    continue
+                raise
+            else:
+                if inode.startswith('socket:['):
+                    # the process is using a socket
+                    inode = inode[8:][:-1]
+                    inodes[inode].append((pid, int(fd)))
+        return inodes
+
+    def get_all_inodes(self):
+        inodes = {}
+        for pid in pids():
+            try:
+                inodes.update(self.get_proc_inodes(pid))
+            except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError, PermissionError):
+                # os.listdir() is gonna raise a lot of access denied
+                # exceptions in case of unprivileged user; that's fine
+                # as we'll just end up returning a connection with PID
+                # and fd set to None anyway.
+                # Both netstat -an and lsof does the same so it's
+                # unlikely we can do any better.
+                # ENOENT just means a PID disappeared on us.
+                continue
+        return inodes
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def decode_address(addr, family):
+        """Accept an "ip:port" address as displayed in /proc/net/*
+        and convert it into a human readable form, like:
+
+        "0500000A:0016" -> ("10.0.0.5", 22)
+        "0000000000000000FFFF00000100007F:9E49" -> ("::ffff:127.0.0.1", 40521)
+
+        The IP address portion is a little or big endian four-byte
+        hexadecimal number; that is, the least significant byte is listed
+        first, so we need to reverse the order of the bytes to convert it
+        to an IP address.
+        The port is represented as a two-byte hexadecimal number.
+
+        Reference:
+        http://linuxdevcenter.com/pub/a/linux/2000/11/16/LinuxAdmin.html
+        """
+        ip, port = addr.split(':')
+        port = int(port, 16)
+        # this usually refers to a local socket in listen mode with
+        # no end-points connected
+        if not port:
+            return ()
+        if PY3:
+            ip = ip.encode('ascii')
+        if family == socket.AF_INET:
+            # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201
+            if LITTLE_ENDIAN:
+                ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip)[::-1])
+            else:
+                ip = socket.inet_ntop(family, base64.b16decode(ip))
+        else:  # IPv6
+            ip = base64.b16decode(ip)
+            try:
+                # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/201
+                if LITTLE_ENDIAN:
+                    ip = socket.inet_ntop(
+                        socket.AF_INET6,
+                        struct.pack('>4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip)),
+                    )
+                else:
+                    ip = socket.inet_ntop(
+                        socket.AF_INET6,
+                        struct.pack('<4I', *struct.unpack('<4I', ip)),
+                    )
+            except ValueError:
+                # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/623
+                if not supports_ipv6():
+                    raise _Ipv6UnsupportedError
+                else:
+                    raise
+        return _common.addr(ip, port)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_inet(file, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=None):
+        """Parse /proc/net/tcp* and /proc/net/udp* files."""
+        if file.endswith('6') and not os.path.exists(file):
+            # IPv6 not supported
+            return
+        with open_text(file) as f:
+            f.readline()  # skip the first line
+            for lineno, line in enumerate(f, 1):
+                try:
+                    _, laddr, raddr, status, _, _, _, _, _, inode = (
+                        line.split()[:10]
+                    )
+                except ValueError:
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "error while parsing %s; malformed line %s %r"
+                        % (file, lineno, line)
+                    )
+                if inode in inodes:
+                    # # We assume inet sockets are unique, so we error
+                    # # out if there are multiple references to the
+                    # # same inode. We won't do this for UNIX sockets.
+                    # if len(inodes[inode]) > 1 and family != socket.AF_UNIX:
+                    #     raise ValueError("ambiguous inode with multiple "
+                    #                      "PIDs references")
+                    pid, fd = inodes[inode][0]
+                else:
+                    pid, fd = None, -1
+                if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid:
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    if type_ == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+                        status = TCP_STATUSES[status]
+                    else:
+                        status = _common.CONN_NONE
+                    try:
+                        laddr = Connections.decode_address(laddr, family)
+                        raddr = Connections.decode_address(raddr, family)
+                    except _Ipv6UnsupportedError:
+                        continue
+                    yield (fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid)
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def process_unix(file, family, inodes, filter_pid=None):
+        """Parse /proc/net/unix files."""
+        with open_text(file) as f:
+            f.readline()  # skip the first line
+            for line in f:
+                tokens = line.split()
+                try:
+                    _, _, _, _, type_, _, inode = tokens[0:7]
+                except ValueError:
+                    if ' ' not in line:
+                        # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/766
+                        continue
+                    raise RuntimeError(
+                        "error while parsing %s; malformed line %r"
+                        % (file, line)
+                    )
+                if inode in inodes:  # noqa
+                    # With UNIX sockets we can have a single inode
+                    # referencing many file descriptors.
+                    pairs = inodes[inode]
+                else:
+                    pairs = [(None, -1)]
+                for pid, fd in pairs:
+                    if filter_pid is not None and filter_pid != pid:
+                        continue
+                    else:
+                        path = tokens[-1] if len(tokens) == 8 else ''
+                        type_ = _common.socktype_to_enum(int(type_))
+                        # XXX: determining the remote endpoint of a
+                        # UNIX socket on Linux is not possible, see:
+                        # https://serverfault.com/questions/252723/
+                        raddr = ""
+                        status = _common.CONN_NONE
+                        yield (fd, family, type_, path, raddr, status, pid)
+
+    def retrieve(self, kind, pid=None):
+        if kind not in self.tmap:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s"
+                % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in self.tmap]))
+            )
+        self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+        if pid is not None:
+            inodes = self.get_proc_inodes(pid)
+            if not inodes:
+                # no connections for this process
+                return []
+        else:
+            inodes = self.get_all_inodes()
+        ret = set()
+        for proto_name, family, type_ in self.tmap[kind]:
+            path = "%s/net/%s" % (self._procfs_path, proto_name)
+            if family in (socket.AF_INET, socket.AF_INET6):
+                ls = self.process_inet(
+                    path, family, type_, inodes, filter_pid=pid
+                )
+            else:
+                ls = self.process_unix(path, family, inodes, filter_pid=pid)
+            for fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, bound_pid in ls:
+                if pid:
+                    conn = _common.pconn(
+                        fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status
+                    )
+                else:
+                    conn = _common.sconn(
+                        fd, family, type_, laddr, raddr, status, bound_pid
+                    )
+                ret.add(conn)
+        return list(ret)
+
+
+_connections = Connections()
+
+
+def net_connections(kind='inet'):
+    """Return system-wide open connections."""
+    return _connections.retrieve(kind)
+
+
+def net_io_counters():
+    """Return network I/O statistics for every network interface
+    installed on the system as a dict of raw tuples.
+    """
+    with open_text("%s/net/dev" % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+        lines = f.readlines()
+    retdict = {}
+    for line in lines[2:]:
+        colon = line.rfind(':')
+        assert colon > 0, repr(line)
+        name = line[:colon].strip()
+        fields = line[colon + 1 :].strip().split()
+
+        # in
+        (
+            bytes_recv,
+            packets_recv,
+            errin,
+            dropin,
+            fifoin,  # unused
+            framein,  # unused
+            compressedin,  # unused
+            multicastin,  # unused
+            # out
+            bytes_sent,
+            packets_sent,
+            errout,
+            dropout,
+            fifoout,  # unused
+            collisionsout,  # unused
+            carrierout,  # unused
+            compressedout,
+        ) = map(int, fields)
+
+        retdict[name] = (
+            bytes_sent,
+            bytes_recv,
+            packets_sent,
+            packets_recv,
+            errin,
+            errout,
+            dropin,
+            dropout,
+        )
+    return retdict
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu)."""
+    duplex_map = {
+        cext.DUPLEX_FULL: NIC_DUPLEX_FULL,
+        cext.DUPLEX_HALF: NIC_DUPLEX_HALF,
+        cext.DUPLEX_UNKNOWN: NIC_DUPLEX_UNKNOWN,
+    }
+    names = net_io_counters().keys()
+    ret = {}
+    for name in names:
+        try:
+            mtu = cext_posix.net_if_mtu(name)
+            flags = cext_posix.net_if_flags(name)
+            duplex, speed = cext.net_if_duplex_speed(name)
+        except OSError as err:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1279
+            if err.errno != errno.ENODEV:
+                raise
+            else:
+                debug(err)
+        else:
+            output_flags = ','.join(flags)
+            isup = 'running' in flags
+            ret[name] = _common.snicstats(
+                isup, duplex_map[duplex], speed, mtu, output_flags
+            )
+    return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disks
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage
+
+
+def disk_io_counters(perdisk=False):
+    """Return disk I/O statistics for every disk installed on the
+    system as a dict of raw tuples.
+    """
+
+    def read_procfs():
+        # OK, this is a bit confusing. The format of /proc/diskstats can
+        # have 3 variations.
+        # On Linux 2.4 each line has always 15 fields, e.g.:
+        # "3     0   8 hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8"
+        # On Linux 2.6+ each line *usually* has 14 fields, and the disk
+        # name is in another position, like this:
+        # "3    0   hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8"
+        # ...unless (Linux 2.6) the line refers to a partition instead
+        # of a disk, in which case the line has less fields (7):
+        # "3    1   hda1 8 8 8 8"
+        # 4.18+ has 4 fields added:
+        # "3    0   hda 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 0 0 0 0"
+        # 5.5 has 2 more fields.
+        # See:
+        # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/iostats.txt
+        # https://www.kernel.org/doc/Documentation/ABI/testing/procfs-diskstats
+        with open_text("%s/diskstats" % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+            lines = f.readlines()
+        for line in lines:
+            fields = line.split()
+            flen = len(fields)
+            # fmt: off
+            if flen == 15:
+                # Linux 2.4
+                name = fields[3]
+                reads = int(fields[2])
+                (reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged,
+                    wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[4:14])
+            elif flen == 14 or flen >= 18:
+                # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a disk
+                name = fields[2]
+                (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged,
+                    wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time, _) = map(int, fields[3:14])
+            elif flen == 7:
+                # Linux 2.6+, line referring to a partition
+                name = fields[2]
+                reads, rbytes, writes, wbytes = map(int, fields[3:])
+                rtime = wtime = reads_merged = writes_merged = busy_time = 0
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("not sure how to interpret line %r" % line)
+            yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime,
+                   reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time)
+            # fmt: on
+
+    def read_sysfs():
+        for block in os.listdir('/sys/block'):
+            for root, _, files in os.walk(os.path.join('/sys/block', block)):
+                if 'stat' not in files:
+                    continue
+                with open_text(os.path.join(root, 'stat')) as f:
+                    fields = f.read().strip().split()
+                name = os.path.basename(root)
+                # fmt: off
+                (reads, reads_merged, rbytes, rtime, writes, writes_merged,
+                    wbytes, wtime, _, busy_time) = map(int, fields[:10])
+                yield (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime,
+                       wtime, reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time)
+                # fmt: on
+
+    if os.path.exists('%s/diskstats' % get_procfs_path()):
+        gen = read_procfs()
+    elif os.path.exists('/sys/block'):
+        gen = read_sysfs()
+    else:
+        raise NotImplementedError(
+            "%s/diskstats nor /sys/block filesystem are available on this "
+            "system"
+            % get_procfs_path()
+        )
+
+    retdict = {}
+    for entry in gen:
+        # fmt: off
+        (name, reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime, reads_merged,
+            writes_merged, busy_time) = entry
+        if not perdisk and not is_storage_device(name):
+            # perdisk=False means we want to calculate totals so we skip
+            # partitions (e.g. 'sda1', 'nvme0n1p1') and only include
+            # base disk devices (e.g. 'sda', 'nvme0n1'). Base disks
+            # include a total of all their partitions + some extra size
+            # of their own:
+            #     $ cat /proc/diskstats
+            #     259       0 sda 10485760 ...
+            #     259       1 sda1 5186039 ...
+            #     259       1 sda2 5082039 ...
+            # See:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1313
+            continue
+
+        rbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE
+        wbytes *= DISK_SECTOR_SIZE
+        retdict[name] = (reads, writes, rbytes, wbytes, rtime, wtime,
+                         reads_merged, writes_merged, busy_time)
+        # fmt: on
+
+    return retdict
+
+
+class RootFsDeviceFinder:
+    """disk_partitions() may return partitions with device == "/dev/root"
+    or "rootfs". This container class uses different strategies to try to
+    obtain the real device path. Resources:
+    https://bootlin.com/blog/find-root-device/
+    https://www.systutorials.com/how-to-find-the-disk-where-root-is-on-in-bash-on-linux/.
+    """
+
+    __slots__ = ['major', 'minor']
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        dev = os.stat("/").st_dev
+        self.major = os.major(dev)
+        self.minor = os.minor(dev)
+
+    def ask_proc_partitions(self):
+        with open_text("%s/partitions" % get_procfs_path()) as f:
+            for line in f.readlines()[2:]:
+                fields = line.split()
+                if len(fields) < 4:  # just for extra safety
+                    continue
+                major = int(fields[0]) if fields[0].isdigit() else None
+                minor = int(fields[1]) if fields[1].isdigit() else None
+                name = fields[3]
+                if major == self.major and minor == self.minor:
+                    if name:  # just for extra safety
+                        return "/dev/%s" % name
+
+    def ask_sys_dev_block(self):
+        path = "/sys/dev/block/%s:%s/uevent" % (self.major, self.minor)
+        with open_text(path) as f:
+            for line in f:
+                if line.startswith("DEVNAME="):
+                    name = line.strip().rpartition("DEVNAME=")[2]
+                    if name:  # just for extra safety
+                        return "/dev/%s" % name
+
+    def ask_sys_class_block(self):
+        needle = "%s:%s" % (self.major, self.minor)
+        files = glob.iglob("/sys/class/block/*/dev")
+        for file in files:
+            try:
+                f = open_text(file)
+            except FileNotFoundError:  # race condition
+                continue
+            else:
+                with f:
+                    data = f.read().strip()
+                    if data == needle:
+                        name = os.path.basename(os.path.dirname(file))
+                        return "/dev/%s" % name
+
+    def find(self):
+        path = None
+        if path is None:
+            try:
+                path = self.ask_proc_partitions()
+            except (IOError, OSError) as err:
+                debug(err)
+        if path is None:
+            try:
+                path = self.ask_sys_dev_block()
+            except (IOError, OSError) as err:
+                debug(err)
+        if path is None:
+            try:
+                path = self.ask_sys_class_block()
+            except (IOError, OSError) as err:
+                debug(err)
+        # We use exists() because the "/dev/*" part of the path is hard
+        # coded, so we want to be sure.
+        if path is not None and os.path.exists(path):
+            return path
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all=False):
+    """Return mounted disk partitions as a list of namedtuples."""
+    fstypes = set()
+    procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+    if not all:
+        with open_text("%s/filesystems" % procfs_path) as f:
+            for line in f:
+                line = line.strip()
+                if not line.startswith("nodev"):
+                    fstypes.add(line.strip())
+                else:
+                    # ignore all lines starting with "nodev" except "nodev zfs"
+                    fstype = line.split("\t")[1]
+                    if fstype == "zfs":
+                        fstypes.add("zfs")
+
+    # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1307
+    if procfs_path == "/proc" and os.path.isfile('/etc/mtab'):
+        mounts_path = os.path.realpath("/etc/mtab")
+    else:
+        mounts_path = os.path.realpath("%s/self/mounts" % procfs_path)
+
+    retlist = []
+    partitions = cext.disk_partitions(mounts_path)
+    for partition in partitions:
+        device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition
+        if device == 'none':
+            device = ''
+        if device in ("/dev/root", "rootfs"):
+            device = RootFsDeviceFinder().find() or device
+        if not all:
+            if device == '' or fstype not in fstypes:
+                continue
+        maxfile = maxpath = None  # set later
+        ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(
+            device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, maxfile, maxpath
+        )
+        retlist.append(ntuple)
+
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- sensors
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def sensors_temperatures():
+    """Return hardware (CPU and others) temperatures as a dict
+    including hardware name, label, current, max and critical
+    temperatures.
+
+    Implementation notes:
+    - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to
+      retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it
+      only (old distros will probably use something else)
+    - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon
+    - /sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone* is another one but it's more
+      difficult to parse
+    """
+    ret = collections.defaultdict(list)
+    basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*')
+    # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971
+    # https://github.com/nicolargo/glances/issues/1060
+    basenames.extend(glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/temp*_*'))
+    basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames]))
+
+    # Only add the coretemp hwmon entries if they're not already in
+    # /sys/class/hwmon/
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1708
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1648
+    basenames2 = glob.glob(
+        '/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/hwmon*/temp*_*'
+    )
+    repl = re.compile('/sys/devices/platform/coretemp.*/hwmon/')
+    for name in basenames2:
+        altname = repl.sub('/sys/class/hwmon/', name)
+        if altname not in basenames:
+            basenames.append(name)
+
+    for base in basenames:
+        try:
+            path = base + '_input'
+            current = float(bcat(path)) / 1000.0
+            path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name')
+            unit_name = cat(path).strip()
+        except (IOError, OSError, ValueError):
+            # A lot of things can go wrong here, so let's just skip the
+            # whole entry. Sure thing is Linux's /sys/class/hwmon really
+            # is a stinky broken mess.
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1009
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1101
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1129
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1245
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1323
+            continue
+
+        high = bcat(base + '_max', fallback=None)
+        critical = bcat(base + '_crit', fallback=None)
+        label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='').strip()
+
+        if high is not None:
+            try:
+                high = float(high) / 1000.0
+            except ValueError:
+                high = None
+        if critical is not None:
+            try:
+                critical = float(critical) / 1000.0
+            except ValueError:
+                critical = None
+
+        ret[unit_name].append((label, current, high, critical))
+
+    # Indication that no sensors were detected in /sys/class/hwmon/
+    if not basenames:
+        basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/thermal/thermal_zone*')
+        basenames = sorted(set(basenames))
+
+        for base in basenames:
+            try:
+                path = os.path.join(base, 'temp')
+                current = float(bcat(path)) / 1000.0
+                path = os.path.join(base, 'type')
+                unit_name = cat(path).strip()
+            except (IOError, OSError, ValueError) as err:
+                debug(err)
+                continue
+
+            trip_paths = glob.glob(base + '/trip_point*')
+            trip_points = set([
+                '_'.join(os.path.basename(p).split('_')[0:3])
+                for p in trip_paths
+            ])
+            critical = None
+            high = None
+            for trip_point in trip_points:
+                path = os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_type")
+                trip_type = cat(path, fallback='').strip()
+                if trip_type == 'critical':
+                    critical = bcat(
+                        os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), fallback=None
+                    )
+                elif trip_type == 'high':
+                    high = bcat(
+                        os.path.join(base, trip_point + "_temp"), fallback=None
+                    )
+
+                if high is not None:
+                    try:
+                        high = float(high) / 1000.0
+                    except ValueError:
+                        high = None
+                if critical is not None:
+                    try:
+                        critical = float(critical) / 1000.0
+                    except ValueError:
+                        critical = None
+
+            ret[unit_name].append(('', current, high, critical))
+
+    return dict(ret)
+
+
+def sensors_fans():
+    """Return hardware fans info (for CPU and other peripherals) as a
+    dict including hardware label and current speed.
+
+    Implementation notes:
+    - /sys/class/hwmon looks like the most recent interface to
+      retrieve this info, and this implementation relies on it
+      only (old distros will probably use something else)
+    - lm-sensors on Ubuntu 16.04 relies on /sys/class/hwmon
+    """
+    ret = collections.defaultdict(list)
+    basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/fan*_*')
+    if not basenames:
+        # CentOS has an intermediate /device directory:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/971
+        basenames = glob.glob('/sys/class/hwmon/hwmon*/device/fan*_*')
+
+    basenames = sorted(set([x.split('_')[0] for x in basenames]))
+    for base in basenames:
+        try:
+            current = int(bcat(base + '_input'))
+        except (IOError, OSError) as err:
+            debug(err)
+            continue
+        unit_name = cat(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(base), 'name')).strip()
+        label = cat(base + '_label', fallback='').strip()
+        ret[unit_name].append(_common.sfan(label, current))
+
+    return dict(ret)
+
+
+def sensors_battery():
+    """Return battery information.
+    Implementation note: it appears /sys/class/power_supply/BAT0/
+    directory structure may vary and provide files with the same
+    meaning but under different names, see:
+    https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/966.
+    """
+    null = object()
+
+    def multi_bcat(*paths):
+        """Attempt to read the content of multiple files which may
+        not exist. If none of them exist return None.
+        """
+        for path in paths:
+            ret = bcat(path, fallback=null)
+            if ret != null:
+                try:
+                    return int(ret)
+                except ValueError:
+                    return ret.strip()
+        return None
+
+    bats = [
+        x
+        for x in os.listdir(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH)
+        if x.startswith('BAT') or 'battery' in x.lower()
+    ]
+    if not bats:
+        return None
+    # Get the first available battery. Usually this is "BAT0", except
+    # some rare exceptions:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1238
+    root = os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, sorted(bats)[0])
+
+    # Base metrics.
+    energy_now = multi_bcat(root + "/energy_now", root + "/charge_now")
+    power_now = multi_bcat(root + "/power_now", root + "/current_now")
+    energy_full = multi_bcat(root + "/energy_full", root + "/charge_full")
+    time_to_empty = multi_bcat(root + "/time_to_empty_now")
+
+    # Percent. If we have energy_full the percentage will be more
+    # accurate compared to reading /capacity file (float vs. int).
+    if energy_full is not None and energy_now is not None:
+        try:
+            percent = 100.0 * energy_now / energy_full
+        except ZeroDivisionError:
+            percent = 0.0
+    else:
+        percent = int(cat(root + "/capacity", fallback=-1))
+        if percent == -1:
+            return None
+
+    # Is AC power cable plugged in?
+    # Note: AC0 is not always available and sometimes (e.g. CentOS7)
+    # it's called "AC".
+    power_plugged = None
+    online = multi_bcat(
+        os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC0/online"),
+        os.path.join(POWER_SUPPLY_PATH, "AC/online"),
+    )
+    if online is not None:
+        power_plugged = online == 1
+    else:
+        status = cat(root + "/status", fallback="").strip().lower()
+        if status == "discharging":
+            power_plugged = False
+        elif status in ("charging", "full"):
+            power_plugged = True
+
+    # Seconds left.
+    # Note to self: we may also calculate the charging ETA as per:
+    # https://github.com/thialfihar/dotfiles/blob/
+    #     013937745fd9050c30146290e8f963d65c0179e6/bin/battery.py#L55
+    if power_plugged:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+    elif energy_now is not None and power_now is not None:
+        try:
+            secsleft = int(energy_now / power_now * 3600)
+        except ZeroDivisionError:
+            secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+    elif time_to_empty is not None:
+        secsleft = int(time_to_empty * 60)
+        if secsleft < 0:
+            secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+    else:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+
+    return _common.sbattery(percent, secsleft, power_plugged)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    rawlist = cext.users()
+    for item in rawlist:
+        user, tty, hostname, tstamp, pid = item
+        nt = _common.suser(user, tty or None, hostname, tstamp, pid)
+        retlist.append(nt)
+    return retlist
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """Return the system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    global BOOT_TIME
+    path = '%s/stat' % get_procfs_path()
+    with open_binary(path) as f:
+        for line in f:
+            if line.startswith(b'btime'):
+                ret = float(line.strip().split()[1])
+                BOOT_TIME = ret
+                return ret
+        raise RuntimeError("line 'btime' not found in %s" % path)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- processes
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def pids():
+    """Returns a list of PIDs currently running on the system."""
+    return [int(x) for x in os.listdir(b(get_procfs_path())) if x.isdigit()]
+
+
+def pid_exists(pid):
+    """Check for the existence of a unix PID. Linux TIDs are not
+    supported (always return False).
+    """
+    if not _psposix.pid_exists(pid):
+        return False
+    else:
+        # Linux's apparently does not distinguish between PIDs and TIDs
+        # (thread IDs).
+        # listdir("/proc") won't show any TID (only PIDs) but
+        # os.stat("/proc/{tid}") will succeed if {tid} exists.
+        # os.kill() can also be passed a TID. This is quite confusing.
+        # In here we want to enforce this distinction and support PIDs
+        # only, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/687
+        try:
+            # Note: already checked that this is faster than using a
+            # regular expr. Also (a lot) faster than doing
+            # 'return pid in pids()'
+            path = "%s/%s/status" % (get_procfs_path(), pid)
+            with open_binary(path) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    if line.startswith(b"Tgid:"):
+                        tgid = int(line.split()[1])
+                        # If tgid and pid are the same then we're
+                        # dealing with a process PID.
+                        return tgid == pid
+                raise ValueError("'Tgid' line not found in %s" % path)
+        except (EnvironmentError, ValueError):
+            return pid in pids()
+
+
+def ppid_map():
+    """Obtain a {pid: ppid, ...} dict for all running processes in
+    one shot. Used to speed up Process.children().
+    """
+    ret = {}
+    procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+    for pid in pids():
+        try:
+            with open_binary("%s/%s/stat" % (procfs_path, pid)) as f:
+                data = f.read()
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+            # Note: we should be able to access /stat for all processes
+            # aka it's unlikely we'll bump into EPERM, which is good.
+            pass
+        else:
+            rpar = data.rfind(b')')
+            dset = data[rpar + 2 :].split()
+            ppid = int(dset[1])
+            ret[pid] = ppid
+    return ret
+
+
+def wrap_exceptions(fun):
+    """Decorator which translates bare OSError and IOError exceptions
+    into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except PermissionError:
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+        except ProcessLookupError:
+            self._raise_if_zombie()
+            raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            self._raise_if_zombie()
+            if not os.path.exists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+            raise
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Process:
+    """Linux process implementation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_procfs_path", "_cache"]
+
+    def __init__(self, pid):
+        self.pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._ppid = None
+        self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+
+    def _is_zombie(self):
+        # Note: most of the times Linux is able to return info about the
+        # process even if it's a zombie, and /proc/{pid} will exist.
+        # There are some exceptions though, like exe(), cmdline() and
+        # memory_maps(). In these cases /proc/{pid}/{file} exists but
+        # it's empty. Instead of returning a "null" value we'll raise an
+        # exception.
+        try:
+            data = bcat("%s/%s/stat" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        except (IOError, OSError):
+            return False
+        else:
+            rpar = data.rfind(b')')
+            status = data[rpar + 2 : rpar + 3]
+            return status == b"Z"
+
+    def _raise_if_zombie(self):
+        if self._is_zombie():
+            raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
+
+    def _raise_if_not_alive(self):
+        """Raise NSP if the process disappeared on us."""
+        # For those C function who do not raise NSP, possibly returning
+        # incorrect or incomplete result.
+        os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _parse_stat_file(self):
+        """Parse /proc/{pid}/stat file and return a dict with various
+        process info.
+        Using "man proc" as a reference: where "man proc" refers to
+        position N always subtract 3 (e.g ppid position 4 in
+        'man proc' == position 1 in here).
+        The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is
+        in use.
+        """
+        data = bcat("%s/%s/stat" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        # Process name is between parentheses. It can contain spaces and
+        # other parentheses. This is taken into account by looking for
+        # the first occurrence of "(" and the last occurrence of ")".
+        rpar = data.rfind(b')')
+        name = data[data.find(b'(') + 1 : rpar]
+        fields = data[rpar + 2 :].split()
+
+        ret = {}
+        ret['name'] = name
+        ret['status'] = fields[0]
+        ret['ppid'] = fields[1]
+        ret['ttynr'] = fields[4]
+        ret['utime'] = fields[11]
+        ret['stime'] = fields[12]
+        ret['children_utime'] = fields[13]
+        ret['children_stime'] = fields[14]
+        ret['create_time'] = fields[19]
+        ret['cpu_num'] = fields[36]
+        ret['blkio_ticks'] = fields[39]  # aka 'delayacct_blkio_ticks'
+
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _read_status_file(self):
+        """Read /proc/{pid}/stat file and return its content.
+        The return value is cached in case oneshot() ctx manager is
+        in use.
+        """
+        with open_binary("%s/%s/status" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+            return f.read()
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _read_smaps_file(self):
+        with open_binary("%s/%s/smaps" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+            return f.read().strip()
+
+    def oneshot_enter(self):
+        self._parse_stat_file.cache_activate(self)
+        self._read_status_file.cache_activate(self)
+        self._read_smaps_file.cache_activate(self)
+
+    def oneshot_exit(self):
+        self._parse_stat_file.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._read_status_file.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._read_smaps_file.cache_deactivate(self)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def name(self):
+        name = self._parse_stat_file()['name']
+        if PY3:
+            name = decode(name)
+        # XXX - gets changed later and probably needs refactoring
+        return name
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def exe(self):
+        try:
+            return readlink("%s/%s/exe" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+            self._raise_if_zombie()
+            # no such file error; might be raised also if the
+            # path actually exists for system processes with
+            # low pids (about 0-20)
+            if os.path.lexists("%s/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)):
+                return ""
+            raise
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cmdline(self):
+        with open_text("%s/%s/cmdline" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+            data = f.read()
+        if not data:
+            # may happen in case of zombie process
+            self._raise_if_zombie()
+            return []
+        # 'man proc' states that args are separated by null bytes '\0'
+        # and last char is supposed to be a null byte. Nevertheless
+        # some processes may change their cmdline after being started
+        # (via setproctitle() or similar), they are usually not
+        # compliant with this rule and use spaces instead. Google
+        # Chrome process is an example. See:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1179
+        sep = '\x00' if data.endswith('\x00') else ' '
+        if data.endswith(sep):
+            data = data[:-1]
+        cmdline = data.split(sep)
+        # Sometimes last char is a null byte '\0' but the args are
+        # separated by spaces, see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/
+        # issues/1179#issuecomment-552984549
+        if sep == '\x00' and len(cmdline) == 1 and ' ' in data:
+            cmdline = data.split(' ')
+        return cmdline
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def environ(self):
+        with open_text("%s/%s/environ" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+            data = f.read()
+        return parse_environ_block(data)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def terminal(self):
+        tty_nr = int(self._parse_stat_file()['ttynr'])
+        tmap = _psposix.get_terminal_map()
+        try:
+            return tmap[tty_nr]
+        except KeyError:
+            return None
+
+    # May not be available on old kernels.
+    if os.path.exists('/proc/%s/io' % os.getpid()):
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def io_counters(self):
+            fname = "%s/%s/io" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)
+            fields = {}
+            with open_binary(fname) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004
+                    line = line.strip()
+                    if line:
+                        try:
+                            name, value = line.split(b': ')
+                        except ValueError:
+                            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1004
+                            continue
+                        else:
+                            fields[name] = int(value)
+            if not fields:
+                raise RuntimeError("%s file was empty" % fname)
+            try:
+                return pio(
+                    fields[b'syscr'],  # read syscalls
+                    fields[b'syscw'],  # write syscalls
+                    fields[b'read_bytes'],  # read bytes
+                    fields[b'write_bytes'],  # write bytes
+                    fields[b'rchar'],  # read chars
+                    fields[b'wchar'],  # write chars
+                )
+            except KeyError as err:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    "%r field was not found in %s; found fields are %r"
+                    % (err.args[0], fname, fields)
+                )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        values = self._parse_stat_file()
+        utime = float(values['utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS
+        stime = float(values['stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS
+        children_utime = float(values['children_utime']) / CLOCK_TICKS
+        children_stime = float(values['children_stime']) / CLOCK_TICKS
+        iowait = float(values['blkio_ticks']) / CLOCK_TICKS
+        return pcputimes(utime, stime, children_utime, children_stime, iowait)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_num(self):
+        """What CPU the process is on."""
+        return int(self._parse_stat_file()['cpu_num'])
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def create_time(self):
+        ctime = float(self._parse_stat_file()['create_time'])
+        # According to documentation, starttime is in field 21 and the
+        # unit is jiffies (clock ticks).
+        # We first divide it for clock ticks and then add uptime returning
+        # seconds since the epoch.
+        # Also use cached value if available.
+        bt = BOOT_TIME or boot_time()
+        return (ctime / CLOCK_TICKS) + bt
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_info(self):
+        #  ============================================================
+        # | FIELD  | DESCRIPTION                         | AKA  | TOP  |
+        #  ============================================================
+        # | rss    | resident set size                   |      | RES  |
+        # | vms    | total program size                  | size | VIRT |
+        # | shared | shared pages (from shared mappings) |      | SHR  |
+        # | text   | text ('code')                       | trs  | CODE |
+        # | lib    | library (unused in Linux 2.6)       | lrs  |      |
+        # | data   | data + stack                        | drs  | DATA |
+        # | dirty  | dirty pages (unused in Linux 2.6)   | dt   |      |
+        #  ============================================================
+        with open_binary("%s/%s/statm" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+            vms, rss, shared, text, lib, data, dirty = (
+                int(x) * PAGESIZE for x in f.readline().split()[:7]
+            )
+        return pmem(rss, vms, shared, text, lib, data, dirty)
+
+    if HAS_PROC_SMAPS_ROLLUP or HAS_PROC_SMAPS:
+
+        def _parse_smaps_rollup(self):
+            # /proc/pid/smaps_rollup was added to Linux in 2017. Faster
+            # than /proc/pid/smaps. It reports higher PSS than */smaps
+            # (from 1k up to 200k higher; tested against all processes).
+            # IMPORTANT: /proc/pid/smaps_rollup is weird, because it
+            # raises ESRCH / ENOENT for many PIDs, even if they're alive
+            # (also as root). In that case we'll use /proc/pid/smaps as
+            # fallback, which is slower but has a +50% success rate
+            # compared to /proc/pid/smaps_rollup.
+            uss = pss = swap = 0
+            with open_binary(
+                "{}/{}/smaps_rollup".format(self._procfs_path, self.pid)
+            ) as f:
+                for line in f:
+                    if line.startswith(b"Private_"):
+                        # Private_Clean, Private_Dirty, Private_Hugetlb
+                        uss += int(line.split()[1]) * 1024
+                    elif line.startswith(b"Pss:"):
+                        pss = int(line.split()[1]) * 1024
+                    elif line.startswith(b"Swap:"):
+                        swap = int(line.split()[1]) * 1024
+            return (uss, pss, swap)
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def _parse_smaps(
+            self,
+            # Gets Private_Clean, Private_Dirty, Private_Hugetlb.
+            _private_re=re.compile(br"\nPrivate.*:\s+(\d+)"),
+            _pss_re=re.compile(br"\nPss\:\s+(\d+)"),
+            _swap_re=re.compile(br"\nSwap\:\s+(\d+)"),
+        ):
+            # /proc/pid/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if
+            # CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled.
+
+            # Note: using 3 regexes is faster than reading the file
+            # line by line.
+            # XXX: on Python 3 the 2 regexes are 30% slower than on
+            # Python 2 though. Figure out why.
+            #
+            # You might be tempted to calculate USS by subtracting
+            # the "shared" value from the "resident" value in
+            # /proc/<pid>/statm. But at least on Linux, statm's "shared"
+            # value actually counts pages backed by files, which has
+            # little to do with whether the pages are actually shared.
+            # /proc/self/smaps on the other hand appears to give us the
+            # correct information.
+            smaps_data = self._read_smaps_file()
+            # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes.
+            # The code below will not crash though and will result to 0.
+            uss = sum(map(int, _private_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024
+            pss = sum(map(int, _pss_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024
+            swap = sum(map(int, _swap_re.findall(smaps_data))) * 1024
+            return (uss, pss, swap)
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def memory_full_info(self):
+            if HAS_PROC_SMAPS_ROLLUP:  # faster
+                try:
+                    uss, pss, swap = self._parse_smaps_rollup()
+                except (ProcessLookupError, FileNotFoundError):
+                    uss, pss, swap = self._parse_smaps()
+            else:
+                uss, pss, swap = self._parse_smaps()
+            basic_mem = self.memory_info()
+            return pfullmem(*basic_mem + (uss, pss, swap))
+
+    else:
+        memory_full_info = memory_info
+
+    if HAS_PROC_SMAPS:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def memory_maps(self):
+            """Return process's mapped memory regions as a list of named
+            tuples. Fields are explained in 'man proc'; here is an updated
+            (Apr 2012) version: http://goo.gl/fmebo.
+
+            /proc/{PID}/smaps does not exist on kernels < 2.6.14 or if
+            CONFIG_MMU kernel configuration option is not enabled.
+            """
+
+            def get_blocks(lines, current_block):
+                data = {}
+                for line in lines:
+                    fields = line.split(None, 5)
+                    if not fields[0].endswith(b':'):
+                        # new block section
+                        yield (current_block.pop(), data)
+                        current_block.append(line)
+                    else:
+                        try:
+                            data[fields[0]] = int(fields[1]) * 1024
+                        except ValueError:
+                            if fields[0].startswith(b'VmFlags:'):
+                                # see issue #369
+                                continue
+                            else:
+                                raise ValueError(
+                                    "don't know how to interpret line %r"
+                                    % line
+                                )
+                yield (current_block.pop(), data)
+
+            data = self._read_smaps_file()
+            # Note: smaps file can be empty for certain processes or for
+            # zombies.
+            if not data:
+                self._raise_if_zombie()
+                return []
+            lines = data.split(b'\n')
+            ls = []
+            first_line = lines.pop(0)
+            current_block = [first_line]
+            for header, data in get_blocks(lines, current_block):
+                hfields = header.split(None, 5)
+                try:
+                    addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = hfields
+                except ValueError:
+                    addr, perms, offset, dev, inode, path = hfields + ['']
+                if not path:
+                    path = '[anon]'
+                else:
+                    if PY3:
+                        path = decode(path)
+                    path = path.strip()
+                    if path.endswith(' (deleted)') and not path_exists_strict(
+                        path
+                    ):
+                        path = path[:-10]
+                ls.append((
+                    decode(addr),
+                    decode(perms),
+                    path,
+                    data.get(b'Rss:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Size:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Pss:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Shared_Clean:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Shared_Dirty:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Private_Clean:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Private_Dirty:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Referenced:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Anonymous:', 0),
+                    data.get(b'Swap:', 0),
+                ))
+            return ls
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cwd(self):
+        return readlink("%s/%s/cwd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_ctx_switches(
+        self, _ctxsw_re=re.compile(br'ctxt_switches:\t(\d+)')
+    ):
+        data = self._read_status_file()
+        ctxsw = _ctxsw_re.findall(data)
+        if not ctxsw:
+            raise NotImplementedError(
+                "'voluntary_ctxt_switches' and 'nonvoluntary_ctxt_switches'"
+                "lines were not found in %s/%s/status; the kernel is "
+                "probably older than 2.6.23" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)
+            )
+        else:
+            return _common.pctxsw(int(ctxsw[0]), int(ctxsw[1]))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_threads(self, _num_threads_re=re.compile(br'Threads:\t(\d+)')):
+        # Note: on Python 3 using a re is faster than iterating over file
+        # line by line. On Python 2 is the exact opposite, and iterating
+        # over a file on Python 3 is slower than on Python 2.
+        data = self._read_status_file()
+        return int(_num_threads_re.findall(data)[0])
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def threads(self):
+        thread_ids = os.listdir("%s/%s/task" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        thread_ids.sort()
+        retlist = []
+        hit_enoent = False
+        for thread_id in thread_ids:
+            fname = "%s/%s/task/%s/stat" % (
+                self._procfs_path,
+                self.pid,
+                thread_id,
+            )
+            try:
+                with open_binary(fname) as f:
+                    st = f.read().strip()
+            except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+                # no such file or directory or no such process;
+                # it means thread disappeared on us
+                hit_enoent = True
+                continue
+            # ignore the first two values ("pid (exe)")
+            st = st[st.find(b')') + 2 :]
+            values = st.split(b' ')
+            utime = float(values[11]) / CLOCK_TICKS
+            stime = float(values[12]) / CLOCK_TICKS
+            ntuple = _common.pthread(int(thread_id), utime, stime)
+            retlist.append(ntuple)
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._raise_if_not_alive()
+        return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_get(self):
+        # with open_text('%s/%s/stat' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)) as f:
+        #   data = f.read()
+        #   return int(data.split()[18])
+
+        # Use C implementation
+        return cext_posix.getpriority(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_set(self, value):
+        return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value)
+
+    # starting from CentOS 6.
+    if HAS_CPU_AFFINITY:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def cpu_affinity_get(self):
+            return cext.proc_cpu_affinity_get(self.pid)
+
+        def _get_eligible_cpus(
+            self, _re=re.compile(br"Cpus_allowed_list:\t(\d+)-(\d+)")
+        ):
+            # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/956
+            data = self._read_status_file()
+            match = _re.findall(data)
+            if match:
+                return list(range(int(match[0][0]), int(match[0][1]) + 1))
+            else:
+                return list(range(len(per_cpu_times())))
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def cpu_affinity_set(self, cpus):
+            try:
+                cext.proc_cpu_affinity_set(self.pid, cpus)
+            except (OSError, ValueError) as err:
+                if isinstance(err, ValueError) or err.errno == errno.EINVAL:
+                    eligible_cpus = self._get_eligible_cpus()
+                    all_cpus = tuple(range(len(per_cpu_times())))
+                    for cpu in cpus:
+                        if cpu not in all_cpus:
+                            raise ValueError(
+                                "invalid CPU number %r; choose between %s"
+                                % (cpu, eligible_cpus)
+                            )
+                        if cpu not in eligible_cpus:
+                            raise ValueError(
+                                "CPU number %r is not eligible; choose "
+                                "between %s" % (cpu, eligible_cpus)
+                            )
+                raise
+
+    # only starting from kernel 2.6.13
+    if HAS_PROC_IO_PRIORITY:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def ionice_get(self):
+            ioclass, value = cext.proc_ioprio_get(self.pid)
+            if enum is not None:
+                ioclass = IOPriority(ioclass)
+            return _common.pionice(ioclass, value)
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def ionice_set(self, ioclass, value):
+            if value is None:
+                value = 0
+            if value and ioclass in (IOPRIO_CLASS_IDLE, IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE):
+                raise ValueError("%r ioclass accepts no value" % ioclass)
+            if value < 0 or value > 7:
+                msg = "value not in 0-7 range"
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            return cext.proc_ioprio_set(self.pid, ioclass, value)
+
+    if prlimit is not None:
+
+        @wrap_exceptions
+        def rlimit(self, resource_, limits=None):
+            # If pid is 0 prlimit() applies to the calling process and
+            # we don't want that. We should never get here though as
+            # PID 0 is not supported on Linux.
+            if self.pid == 0:
+                msg = "can't use prlimit() against PID 0 process"
+                raise ValueError(msg)
+            try:
+                if limits is None:
+                    # get
+                    return prlimit(self.pid, resource_)
+                else:
+                    # set
+                    if len(limits) != 2:
+                        msg = (
+                            "second argument must be a (soft, hard) "
+                            + "tuple, got %s" % repr(limits)
+                        )
+                        raise ValueError(msg)
+                    prlimit(self.pid, resource_, limits)
+            except OSError as err:
+                if err.errno == errno.ENOSYS:
+                    # I saw this happening on Travis:
+                    # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/51368273
+                    self._raise_if_zombie()
+                raise
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def status(self):
+        letter = self._parse_stat_file()['status']
+        if PY3:
+            letter = letter.decode()
+        # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway)
+        return PROC_STATUSES.get(letter, '?')
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def open_files(self):
+        retlist = []
+        files = os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+        hit_enoent = False
+        for fd in files:
+            file = "%s/%s/fd/%s" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid, fd)
+            try:
+                path = readlink(file)
+            except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+                # ENOENT == file which is gone in the meantime
+                hit_enoent = True
+                continue
+            except OSError as err:
+                if err.errno == errno.EINVAL:
+                    # not a link
+                    continue
+                if err.errno == errno.ENAMETOOLONG:
+                    # file name too long
+                    debug(err)
+                    continue
+                raise
+            else:
+                # If path is not an absolute there's no way to tell
+                # whether it's a regular file or not, so we skip it.
+                # A regular file is always supposed to be have an
+                # absolute path though.
+                if path.startswith('/') and isfile_strict(path):
+                    # Get file position and flags.
+                    file = "%s/%s/fdinfo/%s" % (
+                        self._procfs_path,
+                        self.pid,
+                        fd,
+                    )
+                    try:
+                        with open_binary(file) as f:
+                            pos = int(f.readline().split()[1])
+                            flags = int(f.readline().split()[1], 8)
+                    except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+                        # fd gone in the meantime; process may
+                        # still be alive
+                        hit_enoent = True
+                    else:
+                        mode = file_flags_to_mode(flags)
+                        ntuple = popenfile(
+                            path, int(fd), int(pos), mode, flags
+                        )
+                        retlist.append(ntuple)
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._raise_if_not_alive()
+        return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        ret = _connections.retrieve(kind, self.pid)
+        self._raise_if_not_alive()
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_fds(self):
+        return len(os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ppid(self):
+        return int(self._parse_stat_file()['ppid'])
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def uids(self, _uids_re=re.compile(br'Uid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')):
+        data = self._read_status_file()
+        real, effective, saved = _uids_re.findall(data)[0]
+        return _common.puids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def gids(self, _gids_re=re.compile(br'Gid:\t(\d+)\t(\d+)\t(\d+)')):
+        data = self._read_status_file()
+        real, effective, saved = _gids_re.findall(data)[0]
+        return _common.pgids(int(real), int(effective), int(saved))

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_psosx.py

@@ -0,0 +1,555 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""macOS platform implementation."""
+
+import errno
+import functools
+import os
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import _common
+from . import _psposix
+from . import _psutil_osx as cext
+from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import ZombieProcess
+from ._common import conn_tmap
+from ._common import conn_to_ntuple
+from ._common import isfile_strict
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import parse_environ_block
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+
+
+__extra__all__ = []
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- globals
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+PAGESIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize()
+AF_LINK = cext_posix.AF_LINK
+
+TCP_STATUSES = {
+    cext.TCPS_ESTABLISHED: _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_SENT: _common.CONN_SYN_SENT,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_RECEIVED: _common.CONN_SYN_RECV,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_1: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2,
+    cext.TCPS_TIME_WAIT: _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSED: _common.CONN_CLOSE,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSE_WAIT: _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_LAST_ACK: _common.CONN_LAST_ACK,
+    cext.TCPS_LISTEN: _common.CONN_LISTEN,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSING: _common.CONN_CLOSING,
+    cext.PSUTIL_CONN_NONE: _common.CONN_NONE,
+}
+
+PROC_STATUSES = {
+    cext.SIDL: _common.STATUS_IDLE,
+    cext.SRUN: _common.STATUS_RUNNING,
+    cext.SSLEEP: _common.STATUS_SLEEPING,
+    cext.SSTOP: _common.STATUS_STOPPED,
+    cext.SZOMB: _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE,
+}
+
+kinfo_proc_map = dict(
+    ppid=0,
+    ruid=1,
+    euid=2,
+    suid=3,
+    rgid=4,
+    egid=5,
+    sgid=6,
+    ttynr=7,
+    ctime=8,
+    status=9,
+    name=10,
+)
+
+pidtaskinfo_map = dict(
+    cpuutime=0,
+    cpustime=1,
+    rss=2,
+    vms=3,
+    pfaults=4,
+    pageins=5,
+    numthreads=6,
+    volctxsw=7,
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- named tuples
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# fmt: off
+# psutil.cpu_times()
+scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', ['user', 'nice', 'system', 'idle'])
+# psutil.virtual_memory()
+svmem = namedtuple(
+    'svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free',
+              'active', 'inactive', 'wired'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_info()
+pmem = namedtuple('pmem', ['rss', 'vms', 'pfaults', 'pageins'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_full_info()
+pfullmem = namedtuple('pfullmem', pmem._fields + ('uss', ))
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- memory
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    """System virtual memory as a namedtuple."""
+    total, active, inactive, wired, free, speculative = cext.virtual_mem()
+    # This is how Zabbix calculate avail and used mem:
+    # https://github.com/zabbix/zabbix/blob/trunk/src/libs/zbxsysinfo/
+    #     osx/memory.c
+    # Also see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1277
+    avail = inactive + free
+    used = active + wired
+    # This is NOT how Zabbix calculates free mem but it matches "free"
+    # cmdline utility.
+    free -= speculative
+    percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1)
+    return svmem(total, avail, percent, used, free, active, inactive, wired)
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Swap system memory as a (total, used, free, sin, sout) tuple."""
+    total, used, free, sin, sout = cext.swap_mem()
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, sin, sout)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_times():
+    """Return system CPU times as a namedtuple."""
+    user, nice, system, idle = cext.cpu_times()
+    return scputimes(user, nice, system, idle)
+
+
+def per_cpu_times():
+    """Return system CPU times as a named tuple."""
+    ret = []
+    for cpu_t in cext.per_cpu_times():
+        user, nice, system, idle = cpu_t
+        item = scputimes(user, nice, system, idle)
+        ret.append(item)
+    return ret
+
+
+def cpu_count_logical():
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system."""
+    return cext.cpu_count_logical()
+
+
+def cpu_count_cores():
+    """Return the number of CPU cores in the system."""
+    return cext.cpu_count_cores()
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls, traps = (
+        cext.cpu_stats()
+    )
+    return _common.scpustats(
+        ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls
+    )
+
+
+def cpu_freq():
+    """Return CPU frequency.
+    On macOS per-cpu frequency is not supported.
+    Also, the returned frequency never changes, see:
+    https://arstechnica.com/civis/viewtopic.php?f=19&t=465002.
+    """
+    curr, min_, max_ = cext.cpu_freq()
+    return [_common.scpufreq(curr, min_, max_)]
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disks
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage
+disk_io_counters = cext.disk_io_counters
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all=False):
+    """Return mounted disk partitions as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    partitions = cext.disk_partitions()
+    for partition in partitions:
+        device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition
+        if device == 'none':
+            device = ''
+        if not all:
+            if not os.path.isabs(device) or not os.path.exists(device):
+                continue
+        maxfile = maxpath = None  # set later
+        ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(
+            device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, maxfile, maxpath
+        )
+        retlist.append(ntuple)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- sensors
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def sensors_battery():
+    """Return battery information."""
+    try:
+        percent, minsleft, power_plugged = cext.sensors_battery()
+    except NotImplementedError:
+        # no power source - return None according to interface
+        return None
+    power_plugged = power_plugged == 1
+    if power_plugged:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+    elif minsleft == -1:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+    else:
+        secsleft = minsleft * 60
+    return _common.sbattery(percent, secsleft, power_plugged)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+net_io_counters = cext.net_io_counters
+net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs
+
+
+def net_connections(kind='inet'):
+    """System-wide network connections."""
+    # Note: on macOS this will fail with AccessDenied unless
+    # the process is owned by root.
+    ret = []
+    for pid in pids():
+        try:
+            cons = Process(pid).connections(kind)
+        except NoSuchProcess:
+            continue
+        else:
+            if cons:
+                for c in cons:
+                    c = list(c) + [pid]
+                    ret.append(_common.sconn(*c))
+    return ret
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu)."""
+    names = net_io_counters().keys()
+    ret = {}
+    for name in names:
+        try:
+            mtu = cext_posix.net_if_mtu(name)
+            flags = cext_posix.net_if_flags(name)
+            duplex, speed = cext_posix.net_if_duplex_speed(name)
+        except OSError as err:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1279
+            if err.errno != errno.ENODEV:
+                raise
+        else:
+            if hasattr(_common, 'NicDuplex'):
+                duplex = _common.NicDuplex(duplex)
+            output_flags = ','.join(flags)
+            isup = 'running' in flags
+            ret[name] = _common.snicstats(
+                isup, duplex, speed, mtu, output_flags
+            )
+    return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """The system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    return cext.boot_time()
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    rawlist = cext.users()
+    for item in rawlist:
+        user, tty, hostname, tstamp, pid = item
+        if tty == '~':
+            continue  # reboot or shutdown
+        if not tstamp:
+            continue
+        nt = _common.suser(user, tty or None, hostname or None, tstamp, pid)
+        retlist.append(nt)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- processes
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def pids():
+    ls = cext.pids()
+    if 0 not in ls:
+        # On certain macOS versions pids() C doesn't return PID 0 but
+        # "ps" does and the process is querable via sysctl():
+        # https://travis-ci.org/giampaolo/psutil/jobs/309619941
+        try:
+            Process(0).create_time()
+            ls.insert(0, 0)
+        except NoSuchProcess:
+            pass
+        except AccessDenied:
+            ls.insert(0, 0)
+    return ls
+
+
+pid_exists = _psposix.pid_exists
+
+
+def is_zombie(pid):
+    try:
+        st = cext.proc_kinfo_oneshot(pid)[kinfo_proc_map['status']]
+        return st == cext.SZOMB
+    except OSError:
+        return False
+
+
+def wrap_exceptions(fun):
+    """Decorator which translates bare OSError exceptions into
+    NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except ProcessLookupError:
+            if is_zombie(self.pid):
+                raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
+            else:
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+        except PermissionError:
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Process:
+    """Wrapper class around underlying C implementation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_cache"]
+
+    def __init__(self, pid):
+        self.pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._ppid = None
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _get_kinfo_proc(self):
+        # Note: should work with all PIDs without permission issues.
+        ret = cext.proc_kinfo_oneshot(self.pid)
+        assert len(ret) == len(kinfo_proc_map)
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _get_pidtaskinfo(self):
+        # Note: should work for PIDs owned by user only.
+        ret = cext.proc_pidtaskinfo_oneshot(self.pid)
+        assert len(ret) == len(pidtaskinfo_map)
+        return ret
+
+    def oneshot_enter(self):
+        self._get_kinfo_proc.cache_activate(self)
+        self._get_pidtaskinfo.cache_activate(self)
+
+    def oneshot_exit(self):
+        self._get_kinfo_proc.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._get_pidtaskinfo.cache_deactivate(self)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def name(self):
+        name = self._get_kinfo_proc()[kinfo_proc_map['name']]
+        return name if name is not None else cext.proc_name(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def exe(self):
+        return cext.proc_exe(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cmdline(self):
+        return cext.proc_cmdline(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def environ(self):
+        return parse_environ_block(cext.proc_environ(self.pid))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ppid(self):
+        self._ppid = self._get_kinfo_proc()[kinfo_proc_map['ppid']]
+        return self._ppid
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cwd(self):
+        return cext.proc_cwd(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def uids(self):
+        rawtuple = self._get_kinfo_proc()
+        return _common.puids(
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['ruid']],
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['euid']],
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['suid']],
+        )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def gids(self):
+        rawtuple = self._get_kinfo_proc()
+        return _common.puids(
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['rgid']],
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['egid']],
+            rawtuple[kinfo_proc_map['sgid']],
+        )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def terminal(self):
+        tty_nr = self._get_kinfo_proc()[kinfo_proc_map['ttynr']]
+        tmap = _psposix.get_terminal_map()
+        try:
+            return tmap[tty_nr]
+        except KeyError:
+            return None
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_info(self):
+        rawtuple = self._get_pidtaskinfo()
+        return pmem(
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['rss']],
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['vms']],
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['pfaults']],
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['pageins']],
+        )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_full_info(self):
+        basic_mem = self.memory_info()
+        uss = cext.proc_memory_uss(self.pid)
+        return pfullmem(*basic_mem + (uss,))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        rawtuple = self._get_pidtaskinfo()
+        return _common.pcputimes(
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['cpuutime']],
+            rawtuple[pidtaskinfo_map['cpustime']],
+            # children user / system times are not retrievable (set to 0)
+            0.0,
+            0.0,
+        )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def create_time(self):
+        return self._get_kinfo_proc()[kinfo_proc_map['ctime']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_ctx_switches(self):
+        # Unvoluntary value seems not to be available;
+        # getrusage() numbers seems to confirm this theory.
+        # We set it to 0.
+        vol = self._get_pidtaskinfo()[pidtaskinfo_map['volctxsw']]
+        return _common.pctxsw(vol, 0)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_threads(self):
+        return self._get_pidtaskinfo()[pidtaskinfo_map['numthreads']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def open_files(self):
+        if self.pid == 0:
+            return []
+        files = []
+        rawlist = cext.proc_open_files(self.pid)
+        for path, fd in rawlist:
+            if isfile_strict(path):
+                ntuple = _common.popenfile(path, fd)
+                files.append(ntuple)
+        return files
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        if kind not in conn_tmap:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s"
+                % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in conn_tmap]))
+            )
+        families, types = conn_tmap[kind]
+        rawlist = cext.proc_connections(self.pid, families, types)
+        ret = []
+        for item in rawlist:
+            fd, fam, type, laddr, raddr, status = item
+            nt = conn_to_ntuple(
+                fd, fam, type, laddr, raddr, status, TCP_STATUSES
+            )
+            ret.append(nt)
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_fds(self):
+        if self.pid == 0:
+            return 0
+        return cext.proc_num_fds(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_get(self):
+        return cext_posix.getpriority(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_set(self, value):
+        return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def status(self):
+        code = self._get_kinfo_proc()[kinfo_proc_map['status']]
+        # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway)
+        return PROC_STATUSES.get(code, '?')
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def threads(self):
+        rawlist = cext.proc_threads(self.pid)
+        retlist = []
+        for thread_id, utime, stime in rawlist:
+            ntuple = _common.pthread(thread_id, utime, stime)
+            retlist.append(ntuple)
+        return retlist

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_psposix.py

@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Routines common to all posix systems."""
+
+import glob
+import os
+import signal
+import sys
+import time
+
+from ._common import MACOS
+from ._common import TimeoutExpired
+from ._common import memoize
+from ._common import sdiskusage
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PY3
+from ._compat import ChildProcessError
+from ._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from ._compat import InterruptedError
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+from ._compat import unicode
+
+
+if MACOS:
+    from . import _psutil_osx
+
+
+if PY3:
+    import enum
+else:
+    enum = None
+
+
+__all__ = ['pid_exists', 'wait_pid', 'disk_usage', 'get_terminal_map']
+
+
+def pid_exists(pid):
+    """Check whether pid exists in the current process table."""
+    if pid == 0:
+        # According to "man 2 kill" PID 0 has a special meaning:
+        # it refers to <<every process in the process group of the
+        # calling process>> so we don't want to go any further.
+        # If we get here it means this UNIX platform *does* have
+        # a process with id 0.
+        return True
+    try:
+        os.kill(pid, 0)
+    except ProcessLookupError:
+        return False
+    except PermissionError:
+        # EPERM clearly means there's a process to deny access to
+        return True
+    # According to "man 2 kill" possible error values are
+    # (EINVAL, EPERM, ESRCH)
+    else:
+        return True
+
+
+# Python 3.5 signals enum (contributed by me ^^):
+# https://bugs.python.org/issue21076
+if enum is not None and hasattr(signal, "Signals"):
+    Negsignal = enum.IntEnum(
+        'Negsignal', dict([(x.name, -x.value) for x in signal.Signals])
+    )
+
+    def negsig_to_enum(num):
+        """Convert a negative signal value to an enum."""
+        try:
+            return Negsignal(num)
+        except ValueError:
+            return num
+
+else:  # pragma: no cover
+
+    def negsig_to_enum(num):
+        return num
+
+
+def wait_pid(
+    pid,
+    timeout=None,
+    proc_name=None,
+    _waitpid=os.waitpid,
+    _timer=getattr(time, 'monotonic', time.time),  # noqa: B008
+    _min=min,
+    _sleep=time.sleep,
+    _pid_exists=pid_exists,
+):
+    """Wait for a process PID to terminate.
+
+    If the process terminated normally by calling exit(3) or _exit(2),
+    or by returning from main(), the return value is the positive integer
+    passed to *exit().
+
+    If it was terminated by a signal it returns the negated value of the
+    signal which caused the termination (e.g. -SIGTERM).
+
+    If PID is not a children of os.getpid() (current process) just
+    wait until the process disappears and return None.
+
+    If PID does not exist at all return None immediately.
+
+    If *timeout* != None and process is still alive raise TimeoutExpired.
+    timeout=0 is also possible (either return immediately or raise).
+    """
+    if pid <= 0:
+        # see "man waitpid"
+        msg = "can't wait for PID 0"
+        raise ValueError(msg)
+    interval = 0.0001
+    flags = 0
+    if timeout is not None:
+        flags |= os.WNOHANG
+        stop_at = _timer() + timeout
+
+    def sleep(interval):
+        # Sleep for some time and return a new increased interval.
+        if timeout is not None:
+            if _timer() >= stop_at:
+                raise TimeoutExpired(timeout, pid=pid, name=proc_name)
+        _sleep(interval)
+        return _min(interval * 2, 0.04)
+
+    # See: https://linux.die.net/man/2/waitpid
+    while True:
+        try:
+            retpid, status = os.waitpid(pid, flags)
+        except InterruptedError:
+            interval = sleep(interval)
+        except ChildProcessError:
+            # This has two meanings:
+            # - PID is not a child of os.getpid() in which case
+            #   we keep polling until it's gone
+            # - PID never existed in the first place
+            # In both cases we'll eventually return None as we
+            # can't determine its exit status code.
+            while _pid_exists(pid):
+                interval = sleep(interval)
+            return
+        else:
+            if retpid == 0:
+                # WNOHANG flag was used and PID is still running.
+                interval = sleep(interval)
+                continue
+
+            if os.WIFEXITED(status):
+                # Process terminated normally by calling exit(3) or _exit(2),
+                # or by returning from main(). The return value is the
+                # positive integer passed to *exit().
+                return os.WEXITSTATUS(status)
+            elif os.WIFSIGNALED(status):
+                # Process exited due to a signal. Return the negative value
+                # of that signal.
+                return negsig_to_enum(-os.WTERMSIG(status))
+            # elif os.WIFSTOPPED(status):
+            #     # Process was stopped via SIGSTOP or is being traced, and
+            #     # waitpid() was called with WUNTRACED flag. PID is still
+            #     # alive. From now on waitpid() will keep returning (0, 0)
+            #     # until the process state doesn't change.
+            #     # It may make sense to catch/enable this since stopped PIDs
+            #     # ignore SIGTERM.
+            #     interval = sleep(interval)
+            #     continue
+            # elif os.WIFCONTINUED(status):
+            #     # Process was resumed via SIGCONT and waitpid() was called
+            #     # with WCONTINUED flag.
+            #     interval = sleep(interval)
+            #     continue
+            else:
+                # Should never happen.
+                raise ValueError("unknown process exit status %r" % status)
+
+
+def disk_usage(path):
+    """Return disk usage associated with path.
+    Note: UNIX usually reserves 5% disk space which is not accessible
+    by user. In this function "total" and "used" values reflect the
+    total and used disk space whereas "free" and "percent" represent
+    the "free" and "used percent" user disk space.
+    """
+    if PY3:
+        st = os.statvfs(path)
+    else:  # pragma: no cover
+        # os.statvfs() does not support unicode on Python 2:
+        # - https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/416
+        # - http://bugs.python.org/issue18695
+        try:
+            st = os.statvfs(path)
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            if isinstance(path, unicode):
+                try:
+                    path = path.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding())
+                except UnicodeEncodeError:
+                    pass
+                st = os.statvfs(path)
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    # Total space which is only available to root (unless changed
+    # at system level).
+    total = st.f_blocks * st.f_frsize
+    # Remaining free space usable by root.
+    avail_to_root = st.f_bfree * st.f_frsize
+    # Remaining free space usable by user.
+    avail_to_user = st.f_bavail * st.f_frsize
+    # Total space being used in general.
+    used = total - avail_to_root
+    if MACOS:
+        # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/2152
+        used = _psutil_osx.disk_usage_used(path, used)
+    # Total space which is available to user (same as 'total' but
+    # for the user).
+    total_user = used + avail_to_user
+    # User usage percent compared to the total amount of space
+    # the user can use. This number would be higher if compared
+    # to root's because the user has less space (usually -5%).
+    usage_percent_user = usage_percent(used, total_user, round_=1)
+
+    # NB: the percentage is -5% than what shown by df due to
+    # reserved blocks that we are currently not considering:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/829#issuecomment-223750462
+    return sdiskusage(
+        total=total, used=used, free=avail_to_user, percent=usage_percent_user
+    )
+
+
+@memoize
+def get_terminal_map():
+    """Get a map of device-id -> path as a dict.
+    Used by Process.terminal().
+    """
+    ret = {}
+    ls = glob.glob('/dev/tty*') + glob.glob('/dev/pts/*')
+    for name in ls:
+        assert name not in ret, name
+        try:
+            ret[os.stat(name).st_rdev] = name
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            pass
+    return ret

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_pssunos.py

@@ -0,0 +1,756 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Sun OS Solaris platform implementation."""
+
+import errno
+import functools
+import os
+import socket
+import subprocess
+import sys
+from collections import namedtuple
+from socket import AF_INET
+
+from . import _common
+from . import _psposix
+from . import _psutil_posix as cext_posix
+from . import _psutil_sunos as cext
+from ._common import AF_INET6
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import ZombieProcess
+from ._common import debug
+from ._common import get_procfs_path
+from ._common import isfile_strict
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import sockfam_to_enum
+from ._common import socktype_to_enum
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PY3
+from ._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from ._compat import PermissionError
+from ._compat import ProcessLookupError
+from ._compat import b
+
+
+__extra__all__ = ["CONN_IDLE", "CONN_BOUND", "PROCFS_PATH"]
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- globals
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+PAGE_SIZE = cext_posix.getpagesize()
+AF_LINK = cext_posix.AF_LINK
+IS_64_BIT = sys.maxsize > 2**32
+
+CONN_IDLE = "IDLE"
+CONN_BOUND = "BOUND"
+
+PROC_STATUSES = {
+    cext.SSLEEP: _common.STATUS_SLEEPING,
+    cext.SRUN: _common.STATUS_RUNNING,
+    cext.SZOMB: _common.STATUS_ZOMBIE,
+    cext.SSTOP: _common.STATUS_STOPPED,
+    cext.SIDL: _common.STATUS_IDLE,
+    cext.SONPROC: _common.STATUS_RUNNING,  # same as run
+    cext.SWAIT: _common.STATUS_WAITING,
+}
+
+TCP_STATUSES = {
+    cext.TCPS_ESTABLISHED: _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_SENT: _common.CONN_SYN_SENT,
+    cext.TCPS_SYN_RCVD: _common.CONN_SYN_RECV,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_1: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1,
+    cext.TCPS_FIN_WAIT_2: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2,
+    cext.TCPS_TIME_WAIT: _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSED: _common.CONN_CLOSE,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSE_WAIT: _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT,
+    cext.TCPS_LAST_ACK: _common.CONN_LAST_ACK,
+    cext.TCPS_LISTEN: _common.CONN_LISTEN,
+    cext.TCPS_CLOSING: _common.CONN_CLOSING,
+    cext.PSUTIL_CONN_NONE: _common.CONN_NONE,
+    cext.TCPS_IDLE: CONN_IDLE,  # sunos specific
+    cext.TCPS_BOUND: CONN_BOUND,  # sunos specific
+}
+
+proc_info_map = dict(
+    ppid=0,
+    rss=1,
+    vms=2,
+    create_time=3,
+    nice=4,
+    num_threads=5,
+    status=6,
+    ttynr=7,
+    uid=8,
+    euid=9,
+    gid=10,
+    egid=11,
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- named tuples
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# psutil.cpu_times()
+scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes', ['user', 'system', 'idle', 'iowait'])
+# psutil.cpu_times(percpu=True)
+pcputimes = namedtuple(
+    'pcputimes', ['user', 'system', 'children_user', 'children_system']
+)
+# psutil.virtual_memory()
+svmem = namedtuple('svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_info()
+pmem = namedtuple('pmem', ['rss', 'vms'])
+pfullmem = pmem
+# psutil.Process.memory_maps(grouped=True)
+pmmap_grouped = namedtuple(
+    'pmmap_grouped', ['path', 'rss', 'anonymous', 'locked']
+)
+# psutil.Process.memory_maps(grouped=False)
+pmmap_ext = namedtuple(
+    'pmmap_ext', 'addr perms ' + ' '.join(pmmap_grouped._fields)
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- memory
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    """Report virtual memory metrics."""
+    # we could have done this with kstat, but IMHO this is good enough
+    total = os.sysconf('SC_PHYS_PAGES') * PAGE_SIZE
+    # note: there's no difference on Solaris
+    free = avail = os.sysconf('SC_AVPHYS_PAGES') * PAGE_SIZE
+    used = total - free
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    return svmem(total, avail, percent, used, free)
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Report swap memory metrics."""
+    sin, sout = cext.swap_mem()
+    # XXX
+    # we are supposed to get total/free by doing so:
+    # http://cvs.opensolaris.org/source/xref/onnv/onnv-gate/
+    #     usr/src/cmd/swap/swap.c
+    # ...nevertheless I can't manage to obtain the same numbers as 'swap'
+    # cmdline utility, so let's parse its output (sigh!)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(
+        [
+            '/usr/bin/env',
+            'PATH=/usr/sbin:/sbin:%s' % os.environ['PATH'],
+            'swap',
+            '-l',
+        ],
+        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+    )
+    stdout, _ = p.communicate()
+    if PY3:
+        stdout = stdout.decode(sys.stdout.encoding)
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise RuntimeError("'swap -l' failed (retcode=%s)" % p.returncode)
+
+    lines = stdout.strip().split('\n')[1:]
+    if not lines:
+        msg = 'no swap device(s) configured'
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+    total = free = 0
+    for line in lines:
+        line = line.split()
+        t, f = line[3:5]
+        total += int(int(t) * 512)
+        free += int(int(f) * 512)
+    used = total - free
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    return _common.sswap(
+        total, used, free, percent, sin * PAGE_SIZE, sout * PAGE_SIZE
+    )
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_times():
+    """Return system-wide CPU times as a named tuple."""
+    ret = cext.per_cpu_times()
+    return scputimes(*[sum(x) for x in zip(*ret)])
+
+
+def per_cpu_times():
+    """Return system per-CPU times as a list of named tuples."""
+    ret = cext.per_cpu_times()
+    return [scputimes(*x) for x in ret]
+
+
+def cpu_count_logical():
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system."""
+    try:
+        return os.sysconf("SC_NPROCESSORS_ONLN")
+    except ValueError:
+        # mimic os.cpu_count() behavior
+        return None
+
+
+def cpu_count_cores():
+    """Return the number of CPU cores in the system."""
+    return cext.cpu_count_cores()
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    """Return various CPU stats as a named tuple."""
+    ctx_switches, interrupts, syscalls, traps = cext.cpu_stats()
+    soft_interrupts = 0
+    return _common.scpustats(
+        ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls
+    )
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disks
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+disk_io_counters = cext.disk_io_counters
+disk_usage = _psposix.disk_usage
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all=False):
+    """Return system disk partitions."""
+    # TODO - the filtering logic should be better checked so that
+    # it tries to reflect 'df' as much as possible
+    retlist = []
+    partitions = cext.disk_partitions()
+    for partition in partitions:
+        device, mountpoint, fstype, opts = partition
+        if device == 'none':
+            device = ''
+        if not all:
+            # Differently from, say, Linux, we don't have a list of
+            # common fs types so the best we can do, AFAIK, is to
+            # filter by filesystem having a total size > 0.
+            try:
+                if not disk_usage(mountpoint).total:
+                    continue
+            except OSError as err:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1674
+                debug("skipping %r: %s" % (mountpoint, err))
+                continue
+        maxfile = maxpath = None  # set later
+        ntuple = _common.sdiskpart(
+            device, mountpoint, fstype, opts, maxfile, maxpath
+        )
+        retlist.append(ntuple)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+net_io_counters = cext.net_io_counters
+net_if_addrs = cext_posix.net_if_addrs
+
+
+def net_connections(kind, _pid=-1):
+    """Return socket connections.  If pid == -1 return system-wide
+    connections (as opposed to connections opened by one process only).
+    Only INET sockets are returned (UNIX are not).
+    """
+    cmap = _common.conn_tmap.copy()
+    if _pid == -1:
+        cmap.pop('unix', 0)
+    if kind not in cmap:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s"
+            % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in cmap]))
+        )
+    families, types = _common.conn_tmap[kind]
+    rawlist = cext.net_connections(_pid)
+    ret = set()
+    for item in rawlist:
+        fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid = item
+        if fam not in families:
+            continue
+        if type_ not in types:
+            continue
+        # TODO: refactor and use _common.conn_to_ntuple.
+        if fam in (AF_INET, AF_INET6):
+            if laddr:
+                laddr = _common.addr(*laddr)
+            if raddr:
+                raddr = _common.addr(*raddr)
+        status = TCP_STATUSES[status]
+        fam = sockfam_to_enum(fam)
+        type_ = socktype_to_enum(type_)
+        if _pid == -1:
+            nt = _common.sconn(fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status, pid)
+        else:
+            nt = _common.pconn(fd, fam, type_, laddr, raddr, status)
+        ret.add(nt)
+    return list(ret)
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu)."""
+    ret = cext.net_if_stats()
+    for name, items in ret.items():
+        isup, duplex, speed, mtu = items
+        if hasattr(_common, 'NicDuplex'):
+            duplex = _common.NicDuplex(duplex)
+        ret[name] = _common.snicstats(isup, duplex, speed, mtu, '')
+    return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """The system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    return cext.boot_time()
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    rawlist = cext.users()
+    localhost = (':0.0', ':0')
+    for item in rawlist:
+        user, tty, hostname, tstamp, user_process, pid = item
+        # note: the underlying C function includes entries about
+        # system boot, run level and others.  We might want
+        # to use them in the future.
+        if not user_process:
+            continue
+        if hostname in localhost:
+            hostname = 'localhost'
+        nt = _common.suser(user, tty, hostname, tstamp, pid)
+        retlist.append(nt)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- processes
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def pids():
+    """Returns a list of PIDs currently running on the system."""
+    return [int(x) for x in os.listdir(b(get_procfs_path())) if x.isdigit()]
+
+
+def pid_exists(pid):
+    """Check for the existence of a unix pid."""
+    return _psposix.pid_exists(pid)
+
+
+def wrap_exceptions(fun):
+    """Call callable into a try/except clause and translate ENOENT,
+    EACCES and EPERM in NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied exceptions.
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except (FileNotFoundError, ProcessLookupError):
+            # ENOENT (no such file or directory) gets raised on open().
+            # ESRCH (no such process) can get raised on read() if
+            # process is gone in meantime.
+            if not pid_exists(self.pid):
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+            else:
+                raise ZombieProcess(self.pid, self._name, self._ppid)
+        except PermissionError:
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+        except OSError:
+            if self.pid == 0:
+                if 0 in pids():
+                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+                else:
+                    raise
+            raise
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Process:
+    """Wrapper class around underlying C implementation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_procfs_path", "_cache"]
+
+    def __init__(self, pid):
+        self.pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._ppid = None
+        self._procfs_path = get_procfs_path()
+
+    def _assert_alive(self):
+        """Raise NSP if the process disappeared on us."""
+        # For those C function who do not raise NSP, possibly returning
+        # incorrect or incomplete result.
+        os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+
+    def oneshot_enter(self):
+        self._proc_name_and_args.cache_activate(self)
+        self._proc_basic_info.cache_activate(self)
+        self._proc_cred.cache_activate(self)
+
+    def oneshot_exit(self):
+        self._proc_name_and_args.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._proc_basic_info.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self._proc_cred.cache_deactivate(self)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_name_and_args(self):
+        return cext.proc_name_and_args(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_basic_info(self):
+        if self.pid == 0 and not os.path.exists(
+            '%s/%s/psinfo' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)
+        ):
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid)
+        ret = cext.proc_basic_info(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+        assert len(ret) == len(proc_info_map)
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_cred(self):
+        return cext.proc_cred(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def name(self):
+        # note: max len == 15
+        return self._proc_name_and_args()[0]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def exe(self):
+        try:
+            return os.readlink(
+                "%s/%s/path/a.out" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)
+            )
+        except OSError:
+            pass  # continue and guess the exe name from the cmdline
+        # Will be guessed later from cmdline but we want to explicitly
+        # invoke cmdline here in order to get an AccessDenied
+        # exception if the user has not enough privileges.
+        self.cmdline()
+        return ""
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cmdline(self):
+        return self._proc_name_and_args()[1].split(' ')
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def environ(self):
+        return cext.proc_environ(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def create_time(self):
+        return self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['create_time']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_threads(self):
+        return self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['num_threads']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_get(self):
+        # Note #1: getpriority(3) doesn't work for realtime processes.
+        # Psinfo is what ps uses, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1194
+        return self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['nice']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_set(self, value):
+        if self.pid in (2, 3):
+            # Special case PIDs: internally setpriority(3) return ESRCH
+            # (no such process), no matter what.
+            # The process actually exists though, as it has a name,
+            # creation time, etc.
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+        return cext_posix.setpriority(self.pid, value)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ppid(self):
+        self._ppid = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['ppid']]
+        return self._ppid
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def uids(self):
+        try:
+            real, effective, saved, _, _, _ = self._proc_cred()
+        except AccessDenied:
+            real = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['uid']]
+            effective = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['euid']]
+            saved = None
+        return _common.puids(real, effective, saved)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def gids(self):
+        try:
+            _, _, _, real, effective, saved = self._proc_cred()
+        except AccessDenied:
+            real = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['gid']]
+            effective = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['egid']]
+            saved = None
+        return _common.puids(real, effective, saved)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        try:
+            times = cext.proc_cpu_times(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if err.errno == errno.EOVERFLOW and not IS_64_BIT:
+                # We may get here if we attempt to query a 64bit process
+                # with a 32bit python.
+                # Error originates from read() and also tools like "cat"
+                # fail in the same way (!).
+                # Since there simply is no way to determine CPU times we
+                # return 0.0 as a fallback. See:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/857
+                times = (0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0)
+            else:
+                raise
+        return _common.pcputimes(*times)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_num(self):
+        return cext.proc_cpu_num(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def terminal(self):
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        hit_enoent = False
+        tty = wrap_exceptions(self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['ttynr']])
+        if tty != cext.PRNODEV:
+            for x in (0, 1, 2, 255):
+                try:
+                    return os.readlink(
+                        '%s/%d/path/%d' % (procfs_path, self.pid, x)
+                    )
+                except FileNotFoundError:
+                    hit_enoent = True
+                    continue
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._assert_alive()
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cwd(self):
+        # /proc/PID/path/cwd may not be resolved by readlink() even if
+        # it exists (ls shows it). If that's the case and the process
+        # is still alive return None (we can return None also on BSD).
+        # Reference: http://goo.gl/55XgO
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        try:
+            return os.readlink("%s/%s/path/cwd" % (procfs_path, self.pid))
+        except FileNotFoundError:
+            os.stat("%s/%s" % (procfs_path, self.pid))  # raise NSP or AD
+            return ""
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_info(self):
+        ret = self._proc_basic_info()
+        rss = ret[proc_info_map['rss']] * 1024
+        vms = ret[proc_info_map['vms']] * 1024
+        return pmem(rss, vms)
+
+    memory_full_info = memory_info
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def status(self):
+        code = self._proc_basic_info()[proc_info_map['status']]
+        # XXX is '?' legit? (we're not supposed to return it anyway)
+        return PROC_STATUSES.get(code, '?')
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def threads(self):
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        ret = []
+        tids = os.listdir('%s/%d/lwp' % (procfs_path, self.pid))
+        hit_enoent = False
+        for tid in tids:
+            tid = int(tid)
+            try:
+                utime, stime = cext.query_process_thread(
+                    self.pid, tid, procfs_path
+                )
+            except EnvironmentError as err:
+                if err.errno == errno.EOVERFLOW and not IS_64_BIT:
+                    # We may get here if we attempt to query a 64bit process
+                    # with a 32bit python.
+                    # Error originates from read() and also tools like "cat"
+                    # fail in the same way (!).
+                    # Since there simply is no way to determine CPU times we
+                    # return 0.0 as a fallback. See:
+                    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/857
+                    continue
+                # ENOENT == thread gone in meantime
+                if err.errno == errno.ENOENT:
+                    hit_enoent = True
+                    continue
+                raise
+            else:
+                nt = _common.pthread(tid, utime, stime)
+                ret.append(nt)
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._assert_alive()
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def open_files(self):
+        retlist = []
+        hit_enoent = False
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        pathdir = '%s/%d/path' % (procfs_path, self.pid)
+        for fd in os.listdir('%s/%d/fd' % (procfs_path, self.pid)):
+            path = os.path.join(pathdir, fd)
+            if os.path.islink(path):
+                try:
+                    file = os.readlink(path)
+                except FileNotFoundError:
+                    hit_enoent = True
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    if isfile_strict(file):
+                        retlist.append(_common.popenfile(file, int(fd)))
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._assert_alive()
+        return retlist
+
+    def _get_unix_sockets(self, pid):
+        """Get UNIX sockets used by process by parsing 'pfiles' output."""
+        # TODO: rewrite this in C (...but the damn netstat source code
+        # does not include this part! Argh!!)
+        cmd = ["pfiles", str(pid)]
+        p = subprocess.Popen(
+            cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE
+        )
+        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+        if PY3:
+            stdout, stderr = (
+                x.decode(sys.stdout.encoding) for x in (stdout, stderr)
+            )
+        if p.returncode != 0:
+            if 'permission denied' in stderr.lower():
+                raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+            if 'no such process' in stderr.lower():
+                raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+            raise RuntimeError("%r command error\n%s" % (cmd, stderr))
+
+        lines = stdout.split('\n')[2:]
+        for i, line in enumerate(lines):
+            line = line.lstrip()
+            if line.startswith('sockname: AF_UNIX'):
+                path = line.split(' ', 2)[2]
+                type = lines[i - 2].strip()
+                if type == 'SOCK_STREAM':
+                    type = socket.SOCK_STREAM
+                elif type == 'SOCK_DGRAM':
+                    type = socket.SOCK_DGRAM
+                else:
+                    type = -1
+                yield (-1, socket.AF_UNIX, type, path, "", _common.CONN_NONE)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        ret = net_connections(kind, _pid=self.pid)
+        # The underlying C implementation retrieves all OS connections
+        # and filters them by PID.  At this point we can't tell whether
+        # an empty list means there were no connections for process or
+        # process is no longer active so we force NSP in case the PID
+        # is no longer there.
+        if not ret:
+            # will raise NSP if process is gone
+            os.stat('%s/%s' % (self._procfs_path, self.pid))
+
+        # UNIX sockets
+        if kind in ('all', 'unix'):
+            ret.extend([
+                _common.pconn(*conn)
+                for conn in self._get_unix_sockets(self.pid)
+            ])
+        return ret
+
+    nt_mmap_grouped = namedtuple('mmap', 'path rss anon locked')
+    nt_mmap_ext = namedtuple('mmap', 'addr perms path rss anon locked')
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_maps(self):
+        def toaddr(start, end):
+            return '%s-%s' % (
+                hex(start)[2:].strip('L'),
+                hex(end)[2:].strip('L'),
+            )
+
+        procfs_path = self._procfs_path
+        retlist = []
+        try:
+            rawlist = cext.proc_memory_maps(self.pid, procfs_path)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if err.errno == errno.EOVERFLOW and not IS_64_BIT:
+                # We may get here if we attempt to query a 64bit process
+                # with a 32bit python.
+                # Error originates from read() and also tools like "cat"
+                # fail in the same way (!).
+                # Since there simply is no way to determine CPU times we
+                # return 0.0 as a fallback. See:
+                # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/857
+                return []
+            else:
+                raise
+        hit_enoent = False
+        for item in rawlist:
+            addr, addrsize, perm, name, rss, anon, locked = item
+            addr = toaddr(addr, addrsize)
+            if not name.startswith('['):
+                try:
+                    name = os.readlink(
+                        '%s/%s/path/%s' % (procfs_path, self.pid, name)
+                    )
+                except OSError as err:
+                    if err.errno == errno.ENOENT:
+                        # sometimes the link may not be resolved by
+                        # readlink() even if it exists (ls shows it).
+                        # If that's the case we just return the
+                        # unresolved link path.
+                        # This seems an incosistency with /proc similar
+                        # to: http://goo.gl/55XgO
+                        name = '%s/%s/path/%s' % (procfs_path, self.pid, name)
+                        hit_enoent = True
+                    else:
+                        raise
+            retlist.append((addr, perm, name, rss, anon, locked))
+        if hit_enoent:
+            self._assert_alive()
+        return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_fds(self):
+        return len(os.listdir("%s/%s/fd" % (self._procfs_path, self.pid)))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_ctx_switches(self):
+        return _common.pctxsw(
+            *cext.proc_num_ctx_switches(self.pid, self._procfs_path)
+        )
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        return _psposix.wait_pid(self.pid, timeout, self._name)

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/_pswindows.py

@@ -0,0 +1,1170 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Windows platform implementation."""
+
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import functools
+import os
+import signal
+import sys
+import time
+from collections import namedtuple
+
+from . import _common
+from ._common import ENCODING
+from ._common import ENCODING_ERRS
+from ._common import AccessDenied
+from ._common import NoSuchProcess
+from ._common import TimeoutExpired
+from ._common import conn_tmap
+from ._common import conn_to_ntuple
+from ._common import debug
+from ._common import isfile_strict
+from ._common import memoize
+from ._common import memoize_when_activated
+from ._common import parse_environ_block
+from ._common import usage_percent
+from ._compat import PY3
+from ._compat import long
+from ._compat import lru_cache
+from ._compat import range
+from ._compat import unicode
+from ._psutil_windows import ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+from ._psutil_windows import BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+from ._psutil_windows import HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS
+from ._psutil_windows import IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS
+from ._psutil_windows import NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+from ._psutil_windows import REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS
+
+
+try:
+    from . import _psutil_windows as cext
+except ImportError as err:
+    if (
+        str(err).lower().startswith("dll load failed")
+        and sys.getwindowsversion()[0] < 6
+    ):
+        # We may get here if:
+        # 1) we are on an old Windows version
+        # 2) psutil was installed via pip + wheel
+        # See: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/811
+        msg = "this Windows version is too old (< Windows Vista); "
+        msg += "psutil 3.4.2 is the latest version which supports Windows "
+        msg += "2000, XP and 2003 server"
+        raise RuntimeError(msg)
+    else:
+        raise
+
+if PY3:
+    import enum
+else:
+    enum = None
+
+# process priority constants, import from __init__.py:
+# http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms686219(v=vs.85).aspx
+# fmt: off
+__extra__all__ = [
+    "win_service_iter", "win_service_get",
+    # Process priority
+    "ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS", "BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS",
+    "HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS", "IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS", "NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS",
+    "REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS",
+    # IO priority
+    "IOPRIO_VERYLOW", "IOPRIO_LOW", "IOPRIO_NORMAL", "IOPRIO_HIGH",
+    # others
+    "CONN_DELETE_TCB", "AF_LINK",
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- globals
+# =====================================================================
+
+CONN_DELETE_TCB = "DELETE_TCB"
+ERROR_PARTIAL_COPY = 299
+PYPY = '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names
+
+if enum is None:
+    AF_LINK = -1
+else:
+    AddressFamily = enum.IntEnum('AddressFamily', {'AF_LINK': -1})
+    AF_LINK = AddressFamily.AF_LINK
+
+TCP_STATUSES = {
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_ESTAB: _common.CONN_ESTABLISHED,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_SYN_SENT: _common.CONN_SYN_SENT,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_SYN_RCVD: _common.CONN_SYN_RECV,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_FIN_WAIT1: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT1,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_FIN_WAIT2: _common.CONN_FIN_WAIT2,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_TIME_WAIT: _common.CONN_TIME_WAIT,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_CLOSED: _common.CONN_CLOSE,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_CLOSE_WAIT: _common.CONN_CLOSE_WAIT,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_LAST_ACK: _common.CONN_LAST_ACK,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_LISTEN: _common.CONN_LISTEN,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_CLOSING: _common.CONN_CLOSING,
+    cext.MIB_TCP_STATE_DELETE_TCB: CONN_DELETE_TCB,
+    cext.PSUTIL_CONN_NONE: _common.CONN_NONE,
+}
+
+if enum is not None:
+
+    class Priority(enum.IntEnum):
+        ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = ABOVE_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+        BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = BELOW_NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+        HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS = HIGH_PRIORITY_CLASS
+        IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS = IDLE_PRIORITY_CLASS
+        NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS = NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS
+        REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS = REALTIME_PRIORITY_CLASS
+
+    globals().update(Priority.__members__)
+
+if enum is None:
+    IOPRIO_VERYLOW = 0
+    IOPRIO_LOW = 1
+    IOPRIO_NORMAL = 2
+    IOPRIO_HIGH = 3
+else:
+
+    class IOPriority(enum.IntEnum):
+        IOPRIO_VERYLOW = 0
+        IOPRIO_LOW = 1
+        IOPRIO_NORMAL = 2
+        IOPRIO_HIGH = 3
+
+    globals().update(IOPriority.__members__)
+
+pinfo_map = dict(
+    num_handles=0,
+    ctx_switches=1,
+    user_time=2,
+    kernel_time=3,
+    create_time=4,
+    num_threads=5,
+    io_rcount=6,
+    io_wcount=7,
+    io_rbytes=8,
+    io_wbytes=9,
+    io_count_others=10,
+    io_bytes_others=11,
+    num_page_faults=12,
+    peak_wset=13,
+    wset=14,
+    peak_paged_pool=15,
+    paged_pool=16,
+    peak_non_paged_pool=17,
+    non_paged_pool=18,
+    pagefile=19,
+    peak_pagefile=20,
+    mem_private=21,
+)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- named tuples
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+# fmt: off
+# psutil.cpu_times()
+scputimes = namedtuple('scputimes',
+                       ['user', 'system', 'idle', 'interrupt', 'dpc'])
+# psutil.virtual_memory()
+svmem = namedtuple('svmem', ['total', 'available', 'percent', 'used', 'free'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_info()
+pmem = namedtuple(
+    'pmem', ['rss', 'vms',
+             'num_page_faults', 'peak_wset', 'wset', 'peak_paged_pool',
+             'paged_pool', 'peak_nonpaged_pool', 'nonpaged_pool',
+             'pagefile', 'peak_pagefile', 'private'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_full_info()
+pfullmem = namedtuple('pfullmem', pmem._fields + ('uss', ))
+# psutil.Process.memory_maps(grouped=True)
+pmmap_grouped = namedtuple('pmmap_grouped', ['path', 'rss'])
+# psutil.Process.memory_maps(grouped=False)
+pmmap_ext = namedtuple(
+    'pmmap_ext', 'addr perms ' + ' '.join(pmmap_grouped._fields))
+# psutil.Process.io_counters()
+pio = namedtuple('pio', ['read_count', 'write_count',
+                         'read_bytes', 'write_bytes',
+                         'other_count', 'other_bytes'])
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- utils
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+@lru_cache(maxsize=512)
+def convert_dos_path(s):
+    r"""Convert paths using native DOS format like:
+        "\Device\HarddiskVolume1\Windows\systemew\file.txt"
+    into:
+        "C:\Windows\systemew\file.txt".
+    """
+    rawdrive = '\\'.join(s.split('\\')[:3])
+    driveletter = cext.QueryDosDevice(rawdrive)
+    remainder = s[len(rawdrive) :]
+    return os.path.join(driveletter, remainder)
+
+
+def py2_strencode(s):
+    """Encode a unicode string to a byte string by using the default fs
+    encoding + "replace" error handler.
+    """
+    if PY3:
+        return s
+    else:
+        if isinstance(s, str):
+            return s
+        else:
+            return s.encode(ENCODING, ENCODING_ERRS)
+
+
+@memoize
+def getpagesize():
+    return cext.getpagesize()
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- memory
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def virtual_memory():
+    """System virtual memory as a namedtuple."""
+    mem = cext.virtual_mem()
+    totphys, availphys, totsys, availsys = mem
+    #
+    total = totphys
+    avail = availphys
+    free = availphys
+    used = total - avail
+    percent = usage_percent((total - avail), total, round_=1)
+    return svmem(total, avail, percent, used, free)
+
+
+def swap_memory():
+    """Swap system memory as a (total, used, free, sin, sout) tuple."""
+    mem = cext.virtual_mem()
+
+    total_phys = mem[0]
+    total_system = mem[2]
+
+    # system memory (commit total/limit) is the sum of physical and swap
+    # thus physical memory values need to be subtracted to get swap values
+    total = total_system - total_phys
+    # commit total is incremented immediately (decrementing free_system)
+    # while the corresponding free physical value is not decremented until
+    # pages are accessed, so we can't use free system memory for swap.
+    # instead, we calculate page file usage based on performance counter
+    if total > 0:
+        percentswap = cext.swap_percent()
+        used = int(0.01 * percentswap * total)
+    else:
+        percentswap = 0.0
+        used = 0
+
+    free = total - used
+    percent = round(percentswap, 1)
+    return _common.sswap(total, used, free, percent, 0, 0)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- disk
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+disk_io_counters = cext.disk_io_counters
+
+
+def disk_usage(path):
+    """Return disk usage associated with path."""
+    if PY3 and isinstance(path, bytes):
+        # XXX: do we want to use "strict"? Probably yes, in order
+        # to fail immediately. After all we are accepting input here...
+        path = path.decode(ENCODING, errors="strict")
+    total, free = cext.disk_usage(path)
+    used = total - free
+    percent = usage_percent(used, total, round_=1)
+    return _common.sdiskusage(total, used, free, percent)
+
+
+def disk_partitions(all):
+    """Return disk partitions."""
+    rawlist = cext.disk_partitions(all)
+    return [_common.sdiskpart(*x) for x in rawlist]
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- CPU
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def cpu_times():
+    """Return system CPU times as a named tuple."""
+    user, system, idle = cext.cpu_times()
+    # Internally, GetSystemTimes() is used, and it doesn't return
+    # interrupt and dpc times. cext.per_cpu_times() does, so we
+    # rely on it to get those only.
+    percpu_summed = scputimes(*[sum(n) for n in zip(*cext.per_cpu_times())])
+    return scputimes(
+        user, system, idle, percpu_summed.interrupt, percpu_summed.dpc
+    )
+
+
+def per_cpu_times():
+    """Return system per-CPU times as a list of named tuples."""
+    ret = []
+    for user, system, idle, interrupt, dpc in cext.per_cpu_times():
+        item = scputimes(user, system, idle, interrupt, dpc)
+        ret.append(item)
+    return ret
+
+
+def cpu_count_logical():
+    """Return the number of logical CPUs in the system."""
+    return cext.cpu_count_logical()
+
+
+def cpu_count_cores():
+    """Return the number of CPU cores in the system."""
+    return cext.cpu_count_cores()
+
+
+def cpu_stats():
+    """Return CPU statistics."""
+    ctx_switches, interrupts, dpcs, syscalls = cext.cpu_stats()
+    soft_interrupts = 0
+    return _common.scpustats(
+        ctx_switches, interrupts, soft_interrupts, syscalls
+    )
+
+
+def cpu_freq():
+    """Return CPU frequency.
+    On Windows per-cpu frequency is not supported.
+    """
+    curr, max_ = cext.cpu_freq()
+    min_ = 0.0
+    return [_common.scpufreq(float(curr), min_, float(max_))]
+
+
+_loadavg_inititialized = False
+
+
+def getloadavg():
+    """Return the number of processes in the system run queue averaged
+    over the last 1, 5, and 15 minutes respectively as a tuple.
+    """
+    global _loadavg_inititialized
+
+    if not _loadavg_inititialized:
+        cext.init_loadavg_counter()
+        _loadavg_inititialized = True
+
+    # Drop to 2 decimal points which is what Linux does
+    raw_loads = cext.getloadavg()
+    return tuple([round(load, 2) for load in raw_loads])
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- network
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def net_connections(kind, _pid=-1):
+    """Return socket connections.  If pid == -1 return system-wide
+    connections (as opposed to connections opened by one process only).
+    """
+    if kind not in conn_tmap:
+        raise ValueError(
+            "invalid %r kind argument; choose between %s"
+            % (kind, ', '.join([repr(x) for x in conn_tmap]))
+        )
+    families, types = conn_tmap[kind]
+    rawlist = cext.net_connections(_pid, families, types)
+    ret = set()
+    for item in rawlist:
+        fd, fam, type, laddr, raddr, status, pid = item
+        nt = conn_to_ntuple(
+            fd,
+            fam,
+            type,
+            laddr,
+            raddr,
+            status,
+            TCP_STATUSES,
+            pid=pid if _pid == -1 else None,
+        )
+        ret.add(nt)
+    return list(ret)
+
+
+def net_if_stats():
+    """Get NIC stats (isup, duplex, speed, mtu)."""
+    ret = {}
+    rawdict = cext.net_if_stats()
+    for name, items in rawdict.items():
+        if not PY3:
+            assert isinstance(name, unicode), type(name)
+            name = py2_strencode(name)
+        isup, duplex, speed, mtu = items
+        if hasattr(_common, 'NicDuplex'):
+            duplex = _common.NicDuplex(duplex)
+        ret[name] = _common.snicstats(isup, duplex, speed, mtu, '')
+    return ret
+
+
+def net_io_counters():
+    """Return network I/O statistics for every network interface
+    installed on the system as a dict of raw tuples.
+    """
+    ret = cext.net_io_counters()
+    return dict([(py2_strencode(k), v) for k, v in ret.items()])
+
+
+def net_if_addrs():
+    """Return the addresses associated to each NIC."""
+    ret = []
+    for items in cext.net_if_addrs():
+        items = list(items)
+        items[0] = py2_strencode(items[0])
+        ret.append(items)
+    return ret
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- sensors
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def sensors_battery():
+    """Return battery information."""
+    # For constants meaning see:
+    # https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/
+    #     aa373232(v=vs.85).aspx
+    acline_status, flags, percent, secsleft = cext.sensors_battery()
+    power_plugged = acline_status == 1
+    no_battery = bool(flags & 128)
+    charging = bool(flags & 8)
+
+    if no_battery:
+        return None
+    if power_plugged or charging:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNLIMITED
+    elif secsleft == -1:
+        secsleft = _common.POWER_TIME_UNKNOWN
+
+    return _common.sbattery(percent, secsleft, power_plugged)
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- other system functions
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+_last_btime = 0
+
+
+def boot_time():
+    """The system boot time expressed in seconds since the epoch."""
+    # This dirty hack is to adjust the precision of the returned
+    # value which may have a 1 second fluctuation, see:
+    # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1007
+    global _last_btime
+    ret = float(cext.boot_time())
+    if abs(ret - _last_btime) <= 1:
+        return _last_btime
+    else:
+        _last_btime = ret
+        return ret
+
+
+def users():
+    """Return currently connected users as a list of namedtuples."""
+    retlist = []
+    rawlist = cext.users()
+    for item in rawlist:
+        user, hostname, tstamp = item
+        user = py2_strencode(user)
+        nt = _common.suser(user, None, hostname, tstamp, None)
+        retlist.append(nt)
+    return retlist
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- Windows services
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+def win_service_iter():
+    """Yields a list of WindowsService instances."""
+    for name, display_name in cext.winservice_enumerate():
+        yield WindowsService(py2_strencode(name), py2_strencode(display_name))
+
+
+def win_service_get(name):
+    """Open a Windows service and return it as a WindowsService instance."""
+    service = WindowsService(name, None)
+    service._display_name = service._query_config()['display_name']
+    return service
+
+
+class WindowsService:
+    """Represents an installed Windows service."""
+
+    def __init__(self, name, display_name):
+        self._name = name
+        self._display_name = display_name
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        details = "(name=%r, display_name=%r)" % (
+            self._name,
+            self._display_name,
+        )
+        return "%s%s" % (self.__class__.__name__, details)
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        return "<%s at %s>" % (self.__str__(), id(self))
+
+    def __eq__(self, other):
+        # Test for equality with another WindosService object based
+        # on name.
+        if not isinstance(other, WindowsService):
+            return NotImplemented
+        return self._name == other._name
+
+    def __ne__(self, other):
+        return not self == other
+
+    def _query_config(self):
+        with self._wrap_exceptions():
+            display_name, binpath, username, start_type = (
+                cext.winservice_query_config(self._name)
+            )
+        # XXX - update _self.display_name?
+        return dict(
+            display_name=py2_strencode(display_name),
+            binpath=py2_strencode(binpath),
+            username=py2_strencode(username),
+            start_type=py2_strencode(start_type),
+        )
+
+    def _query_status(self):
+        with self._wrap_exceptions():
+            status, pid = cext.winservice_query_status(self._name)
+        if pid == 0:
+            pid = None
+        return dict(status=status, pid=pid)
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def _wrap_exceptions(self):
+        """Ctx manager which translates bare OSError and WindowsError
+        exceptions into NoSuchProcess and AccessDenied.
+        """
+        try:
+            yield
+        except OSError as err:
+            if is_permission_err(err):
+                msg = (
+                    "service %r is not querable (not enough privileges)"
+                    % self._name
+                )
+                raise AccessDenied(pid=None, name=self._name, msg=msg)
+            elif err.winerror in (
+                cext.ERROR_INVALID_NAME,
+                cext.ERROR_SERVICE_DOES_NOT_EXIST,
+            ):
+                msg = "service %r does not exist" % self._name
+                raise NoSuchProcess(pid=None, name=self._name, msg=msg)
+            else:
+                raise
+
+    # config query
+
+    def name(self):
+        """The service name. This string is how a service is referenced
+        and can be passed to win_service_get() to get a new
+        WindowsService instance.
+        """
+        return self._name
+
+    def display_name(self):
+        """The service display name. The value is cached when this class
+        is instantiated.
+        """
+        return self._display_name
+
+    def binpath(self):
+        """The fully qualified path to the service binary/exe file as
+        a string, including command line arguments.
+        """
+        return self._query_config()['binpath']
+
+    def username(self):
+        """The name of the user that owns this service."""
+        return self._query_config()['username']
+
+    def start_type(self):
+        """A string which can either be "automatic", "manual" or
+        "disabled".
+        """
+        return self._query_config()['start_type']
+
+    # status query
+
+    def pid(self):
+        """The process PID, if any, else None. This can be passed
+        to Process class to control the service's process.
+        """
+        return self._query_status()['pid']
+
+    def status(self):
+        """Service status as a string."""
+        return self._query_status()['status']
+
+    def description(self):
+        """Service long description."""
+        return py2_strencode(cext.winservice_query_descr(self.name()))
+
+    # utils
+
+    def as_dict(self):
+        """Utility method retrieving all the information above as a
+        dictionary.
+        """
+        d = self._query_config()
+        d.update(self._query_status())
+        d['name'] = self.name()
+        d['display_name'] = self.display_name()
+        d['description'] = self.description()
+        return d
+
+    # actions
+    # XXX: the necessary C bindings for start() and stop() are
+    # implemented but for now I prefer not to expose them.
+    # I may change my mind in the future. Reasons:
+    # - they require Administrator privileges
+    # - can't implement a timeout for stop() (unless by using a thread,
+    #   which sucks)
+    # - would require adding ServiceAlreadyStarted and
+    #   ServiceAlreadyStopped exceptions, adding two new APIs.
+    # - we might also want to have modify(), which would basically mean
+    #   rewriting win32serviceutil.ChangeServiceConfig, which involves a
+    #   lot of stuff (and API constants which would pollute the API), see:
+    #   http://pyxr.sourceforge.net/PyXR/c/python24/lib/site-packages/
+    #       win32/lib/win32serviceutil.py.html#0175
+    # - psutil is typically about "read only" monitoring stuff;
+    #   win_service_* APIs should only be used to retrieve a service and
+    #   check whether it's running
+
+    # def start(self, timeout=None):
+    #     with self._wrap_exceptions():
+    #         cext.winservice_start(self.name())
+    #         if timeout:
+    #             giveup_at = time.time() + timeout
+    #             while True:
+    #                 if self.status() == "running":
+    #                     return
+    #                 else:
+    #                     if time.time() > giveup_at:
+    #                         raise TimeoutExpired(timeout)
+    #                     else:
+    #                         time.sleep(.1)
+
+    # def stop(self):
+    #     # Note: timeout is not implemented because it's just not
+    #     # possible, see:
+    #     # http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11973228/
+    #     with self._wrap_exceptions():
+    #         return cext.winservice_stop(self.name())
+
+
+# =====================================================================
+# --- processes
+# =====================================================================
+
+
+pids = cext.pids
+pid_exists = cext.pid_exists
+ppid_map = cext.ppid_map  # used internally by Process.children()
+
+
+def is_permission_err(exc):
+    """Return True if this is a permission error."""
+    assert isinstance(exc, OSError), exc
+    if exc.errno in (errno.EPERM, errno.EACCES):
+        return True
+    # On Python 2 OSError doesn't always have 'winerror'. Sometimes
+    # it does, in which case the original exception was WindowsError
+    # (which is a subclass of OSError).
+    if getattr(exc, "winerror", -1) in (
+        cext.ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED,
+        cext.ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD,
+    ):
+        return True
+    return False
+
+
+def convert_oserror(exc, pid=None, name=None):
+    """Convert OSError into NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied."""
+    assert isinstance(exc, OSError), exc
+    if is_permission_err(exc):
+        return AccessDenied(pid=pid, name=name)
+    if exc.errno == errno.ESRCH:
+        return NoSuchProcess(pid=pid, name=name)
+    raise exc
+
+
+def wrap_exceptions(fun):
+    """Decorator which converts OSError into NoSuchProcess or AccessDenied."""
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+        except OSError as err:
+            raise convert_oserror(err, pid=self.pid, name=self._name)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+def retry_error_partial_copy(fun):
+    """Workaround for https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/875.
+    See: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/4457745#4457745.
+    """
+
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        delay = 0.0001
+        times = 33
+        for _ in range(times):  # retries for roughly 1 second
+            try:
+                return fun(self, *args, **kwargs)
+            except WindowsError as _:
+                err = _
+                if err.winerror == ERROR_PARTIAL_COPY:
+                    time.sleep(delay)
+                    delay = min(delay * 2, 0.04)
+                    continue
+                raise
+        msg = (
+            "{} retried {} times, converted to AccessDenied as it's still"
+            "returning {}".format(fun, times, err)
+        )
+        raise AccessDenied(pid=self.pid, name=self._name, msg=msg)
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+class Process:
+    """Wrapper class around underlying C implementation."""
+
+    __slots__ = ["pid", "_name", "_ppid", "_cache"]
+
+    def __init__(self, pid):
+        self.pid = pid
+        self._name = None
+        self._ppid = None
+
+    # --- oneshot() stuff
+
+    def oneshot_enter(self):
+        self._proc_info.cache_activate(self)
+        self.exe.cache_activate(self)
+
+    def oneshot_exit(self):
+        self._proc_info.cache_deactivate(self)
+        self.exe.cache_deactivate(self)
+
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def _proc_info(self):
+        """Return multiple information about this process as a
+        raw tuple.
+        """
+        ret = cext.proc_info(self.pid)
+        assert len(ret) == len(pinfo_map)
+        return ret
+
+    def name(self):
+        """Return process name, which on Windows is always the final
+        part of the executable.
+        """
+        # This is how PIDs 0 and 4 are always represented in taskmgr
+        # and process-hacker.
+        if self.pid == 0:
+            return "System Idle Process"
+        if self.pid == 4:
+            return "System"
+        return os.path.basename(self.exe())
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @memoize_when_activated
+    def exe(self):
+        if PYPY:
+            try:
+                exe = cext.proc_exe(self.pid)
+            except WindowsError as err:
+                # 24 = ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES. Not sure why this happens
+                # (perhaps PyPy's JIT delaying garbage collection of files?).
+                if err.errno == 24:
+                    debug("%r translated into AccessDenied" % err)
+                    raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+                raise
+        else:
+            exe = cext.proc_exe(self.pid)
+        if not PY3:
+            exe = py2_strencode(exe)
+        if exe.startswith('\\'):
+            return convert_dos_path(exe)
+        return exe  # May be "Registry", "MemCompression", ...
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @retry_error_partial_copy
+    def cmdline(self):
+        if cext.WINVER >= cext.WINDOWS_8_1:
+            # PEB method detects cmdline changes but requires more
+            # privileges: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/1398
+            try:
+                ret = cext.proc_cmdline(self.pid, use_peb=True)
+            except OSError as err:
+                if is_permission_err(err):
+                    ret = cext.proc_cmdline(self.pid, use_peb=False)
+                else:
+                    raise
+        else:
+            ret = cext.proc_cmdline(self.pid, use_peb=True)
+        if PY3:
+            return ret
+        else:
+            return [py2_strencode(s) for s in ret]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @retry_error_partial_copy
+    def environ(self):
+        ustr = cext.proc_environ(self.pid)
+        if ustr and not PY3:
+            assert isinstance(ustr, unicode), type(ustr)
+        return parse_environ_block(py2_strencode(ustr))
+
+    def ppid(self):
+        try:
+            return ppid_map()[self.pid]
+        except KeyError:
+            raise NoSuchProcess(self.pid, self._name)
+
+    def _get_raw_meminfo(self):
+        try:
+            return cext.proc_memory_info(self.pid)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if is_permission_err(err):
+                # TODO: the C ext can probably be refactored in order
+                # to get this from cext.proc_info()
+                info = self._proc_info()
+                return (
+                    info[pinfo_map['num_page_faults']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['peak_wset']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['wset']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['peak_paged_pool']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['paged_pool']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['peak_non_paged_pool']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['non_paged_pool']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['pagefile']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['peak_pagefile']],
+                    info[pinfo_map['mem_private']],
+                )
+            raise
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_info(self):
+        # on Windows RSS == WorkingSetSize and VSM == PagefileUsage.
+        # Underlying C function returns fields of PROCESS_MEMORY_COUNTERS
+        # struct.
+        t = self._get_raw_meminfo()
+        rss = t[2]  # wset
+        vms = t[7]  # pagefile
+        return pmem(*(rss, vms) + t)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def memory_full_info(self):
+        basic_mem = self.memory_info()
+        uss = cext.proc_memory_uss(self.pid)
+        uss *= getpagesize()
+        return pfullmem(*basic_mem + (uss,))
+
+    def memory_maps(self):
+        try:
+            raw = cext.proc_memory_maps(self.pid)
+        except OSError as err:
+            # XXX - can't use wrap_exceptions decorator as we're
+            # returning a generator; probably needs refactoring.
+            raise convert_oserror(err, self.pid, self._name)
+        else:
+            for addr, perm, path, rss in raw:
+                path = convert_dos_path(path)
+                if not PY3:
+                    path = py2_strencode(path)
+                addr = hex(addr)
+                yield (addr, perm, path, rss)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def kill(self):
+        return cext.proc_kill(self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def send_signal(self, sig):
+        if sig == signal.SIGTERM:
+            cext.proc_kill(self.pid)
+        # py >= 2.7
+        elif sig in (
+            getattr(signal, "CTRL_C_EVENT", object()),
+            getattr(signal, "CTRL_BREAK_EVENT", object()),
+        ):
+            os.kill(self.pid, sig)
+        else:
+            msg = (
+                "only SIGTERM, CTRL_C_EVENT and CTRL_BREAK_EVENT signals "
+                "are supported on Windows"
+            )
+            raise ValueError(msg)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def wait(self, timeout=None):
+        if timeout is None:
+            cext_timeout = cext.INFINITE
+        else:
+            # WaitForSingleObject() expects time in milliseconds.
+            cext_timeout = int(timeout * 1000)
+
+        timer = getattr(time, 'monotonic', time.time)
+        stop_at = timer() + timeout if timeout is not None else None
+
+        try:
+            # Exit code is supposed to come from GetExitCodeProcess().
+            # May also be None if OpenProcess() failed with
+            # ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER, meaning PID is already gone.
+            exit_code = cext.proc_wait(self.pid, cext_timeout)
+        except cext.TimeoutExpired:
+            # WaitForSingleObject() returned WAIT_TIMEOUT. Just raise.
+            raise TimeoutExpired(timeout, self.pid, self._name)
+        except cext.TimeoutAbandoned:
+            # WaitForSingleObject() returned WAIT_ABANDONED, see:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/1224
+            # We'll just rely on the internal polling and return None
+            # when the PID disappears. Subprocess module does the same
+            # (return None):
+            # https://github.com/python/cpython/blob/
+            #     be50a7b627d0aa37e08fa8e2d5568891f19903ce/
+            #     Lib/subprocess.py#L1193-L1194
+            exit_code = None
+
+        # At this point WaitForSingleObject() returned WAIT_OBJECT_0,
+        # meaning the process is gone. Stupidly there are cases where
+        # its PID may still stick around so we do a further internal
+        # polling.
+        delay = 0.0001
+        while True:
+            if not pid_exists(self.pid):
+                return exit_code
+            if stop_at and timer() >= stop_at:
+                raise TimeoutExpired(timeout, pid=self.pid, name=self._name)
+            time.sleep(delay)
+            delay = min(delay * 2, 0.04)  # incremental delay
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def username(self):
+        if self.pid in (0, 4):
+            return 'NT AUTHORITY\\SYSTEM'
+        domain, user = cext.proc_username(self.pid)
+        return py2_strencode(domain) + '\\' + py2_strencode(user)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def create_time(self):
+        # Note: proc_times() not put under oneshot() 'cause create_time()
+        # is already cached by the main Process class.
+        try:
+            user, system, created = cext.proc_times(self.pid)
+            return created
+        except OSError as err:
+            if is_permission_err(err):
+                return self._proc_info()[pinfo_map['create_time']]
+            raise
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_threads(self):
+        return self._proc_info()[pinfo_map['num_threads']]
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def threads(self):
+        rawlist = cext.proc_threads(self.pid)
+        retlist = []
+        for thread_id, utime, stime in rawlist:
+            ntuple = _common.pthread(thread_id, utime, stime)
+            retlist.append(ntuple)
+        return retlist
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_times(self):
+        try:
+            user, system, created = cext.proc_times(self.pid)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if not is_permission_err(err):
+                raise
+            info = self._proc_info()
+            user = info[pinfo_map['user_time']]
+            system = info[pinfo_map['kernel_time']]
+        # Children user/system times are not retrievable (set to 0).
+        return _common.pcputimes(user, system, 0.0, 0.0)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def suspend(self):
+        cext.proc_suspend_or_resume(self.pid, True)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def resume(self):
+        cext.proc_suspend_or_resume(self.pid, False)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    @retry_error_partial_copy
+    def cwd(self):
+        if self.pid in (0, 4):
+            raise AccessDenied(self.pid, self._name)
+        # return a normalized pathname since the native C function appends
+        # "\\" at the and of the path
+        path = cext.proc_cwd(self.pid)
+        return py2_strencode(os.path.normpath(path))
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def open_files(self):
+        if self.pid in (0, 4):
+            return []
+        ret = set()
+        # Filenames come in in native format like:
+        # "\Device\HarddiskVolume1\Windows\systemew\file.txt"
+        # Convert the first part in the corresponding drive letter
+        # (e.g. "C:\") by using Windows's QueryDosDevice()
+        raw_file_names = cext.proc_open_files(self.pid)
+        for _file in raw_file_names:
+            _file = convert_dos_path(_file)
+            if isfile_strict(_file):
+                if not PY3:
+                    _file = py2_strencode(_file)
+                ntuple = _common.popenfile(_file, -1)
+                ret.add(ntuple)
+        return list(ret)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def connections(self, kind='inet'):
+        return net_connections(kind, _pid=self.pid)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_get(self):
+        value = cext.proc_priority_get(self.pid)
+        if enum is not None:
+            value = Priority(value)
+        return value
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def nice_set(self, value):
+        return cext.proc_priority_set(self.pid, value)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ionice_get(self):
+        ret = cext.proc_io_priority_get(self.pid)
+        if enum is not None:
+            ret = IOPriority(ret)
+        return ret
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def ionice_set(self, ioclass, value):
+        if value:
+            msg = "value argument not accepted on Windows"
+            raise TypeError(msg)
+        if ioclass not in (
+            IOPRIO_VERYLOW,
+            IOPRIO_LOW,
+            IOPRIO_NORMAL,
+            IOPRIO_HIGH,
+        ):
+            raise ValueError("%s is not a valid priority" % ioclass)
+        cext.proc_io_priority_set(self.pid, ioclass)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def io_counters(self):
+        try:
+            ret = cext.proc_io_counters(self.pid)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if not is_permission_err(err):
+                raise
+            info = self._proc_info()
+            ret = (
+                info[pinfo_map['io_rcount']],
+                info[pinfo_map['io_wcount']],
+                info[pinfo_map['io_rbytes']],
+                info[pinfo_map['io_wbytes']],
+                info[pinfo_map['io_count_others']],
+                info[pinfo_map['io_bytes_others']],
+            )
+        return pio(*ret)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def status(self):
+        suspended = cext.proc_is_suspended(self.pid)
+        if suspended:
+            return _common.STATUS_STOPPED
+        else:
+            return _common.STATUS_RUNNING
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_affinity_get(self):
+        def from_bitmask(x):
+            return [i for i in range(64) if (1 << i) & x]
+
+        bitmask = cext.proc_cpu_affinity_get(self.pid)
+        return from_bitmask(bitmask)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def cpu_affinity_set(self, value):
+        def to_bitmask(ls):
+            if not ls:
+                raise ValueError("invalid argument %r" % ls)
+            out = 0
+            for b in ls:
+                out |= 2**b
+            return out
+
+        # SetProcessAffinityMask() states that ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER
+        # is returned for an invalid CPU but this seems not to be true,
+        # therefore we check CPUs validy beforehand.
+        allcpus = list(range(len(per_cpu_times())))
+        for cpu in value:
+            if cpu not in allcpus:
+                if not isinstance(cpu, (int, long)):
+                    raise TypeError(
+                        "invalid CPU %r; an integer is required" % cpu
+                    )
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("invalid CPU %r" % cpu)
+
+        bitmask = to_bitmask(value)
+        cext.proc_cpu_affinity_set(self.pid, bitmask)
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_handles(self):
+        try:
+            return cext.proc_num_handles(self.pid)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if is_permission_err(err):
+                return self._proc_info()[pinfo_map['num_handles']]
+            raise
+
+    @wrap_exceptions
+    def num_ctx_switches(self):
+        ctx_switches = self._proc_info()[pinfo_map['ctx_switches']]
+        # only voluntary ctx switches are supported
+        return _common.pctxsw(ctx_switches, 0)

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/tests/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,2043 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Test utilities."""
+
+from __future__ import print_function
+
+import atexit
+import contextlib
+import ctypes
+import errno
+import functools
+import gc
+import inspect
+import os
+import platform
+import random
+import re
+import select
+import shlex
+import shutil
+import signal
+import socket
+import stat
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+import textwrap
+import threading
+import time
+import unittest
+import warnings
+from socket import AF_INET
+from socket import AF_INET6
+from socket import SOCK_STREAM
+
+import psutil
+from psutil import AIX
+from psutil import LINUX
+from psutil import MACOS
+from psutil import NETBSD
+from psutil import OPENBSD
+from psutil import POSIX
+from psutil import SUNOS
+from psutil import WINDOWS
+from psutil._common import bytes2human
+from psutil._common import debug
+from psutil._common import memoize
+from psutil._common import print_color
+from psutil._common import supports_ipv6
+from psutil._compat import PY3
+from psutil._compat import FileExistsError
+from psutil._compat import FileNotFoundError
+from psutil._compat import range
+from psutil._compat import super
+from psutil._compat import u
+from psutil._compat import unicode
+from psutil._compat import which
+
+
+try:
+    from unittest import mock  # py3
+except ImportError:
+    with warnings.catch_warnings():
+        warnings.simplefilter("ignore")
+        import mock  # NOQA - requires "pip install mock"
+
+if PY3:
+    import enum
+else:
+    enum = None
+
+if POSIX:
+    from psutil._psposix import wait_pid
+
+
+# fmt: off
+__all__ = [
+    # constants
+    'APPVEYOR', 'DEVNULL', 'GLOBAL_TIMEOUT', 'TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM', 'NO_RETRIES',
+    'PYPY', 'PYTHON_EXE', 'PYTHON_EXE_ENV', 'ROOT_DIR', 'SCRIPTS_DIR',
+    'TESTFN_PREFIX', 'UNICODE_SUFFIX', 'INVALID_UNICODE_SUFFIX',
+    'CI_TESTING', 'VALID_PROC_STATUSES', 'TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE', 'IS_64BIT',
+    "HAS_CPU_AFFINITY", "HAS_CPU_FREQ", "HAS_ENVIRON", "HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS",
+    "HAS_IONICE", "HAS_MEMORY_MAPS", "HAS_PROC_CPU_NUM", "HAS_RLIMIT",
+    "HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY", "HAS_BATTERY", "HAS_SENSORS_FANS",
+    "HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES", "MACOS_11PLUS",
+    "MACOS_12PLUS", "COVERAGE",
+    # subprocesses
+    'pyrun', 'terminate', 'reap_children', 'spawn_testproc', 'spawn_zombie',
+    'spawn_children_pair',
+    # threads
+    'ThreadTask',
+    # test utils
+    'unittest', 'skip_on_access_denied', 'skip_on_not_implemented',
+    'retry_on_failure', 'TestMemoryLeak', 'PsutilTestCase',
+    'process_namespace', 'system_namespace', 'print_sysinfo',
+    'is_win_secure_system_proc',
+    # fs utils
+    'chdir', 'safe_rmpath', 'create_py_exe', 'create_c_exe', 'get_testfn',
+    # os
+    'get_winver', 'kernel_version',
+    # sync primitives
+    'call_until', 'wait_for_pid', 'wait_for_file',
+    # network
+    'check_net_address', 'filter_proc_connections',
+    'get_free_port', 'bind_socket', 'bind_unix_socket', 'tcp_socketpair',
+    'unix_socketpair', 'create_sockets',
+    # compat
+    'reload_module', 'import_module_by_path',
+    # others
+    'warn', 'copyload_shared_lib', 'is_namedtuple',
+]
+# fmt: on
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- constants
+# ===================================================================
+
+# --- platforms
+
+PYPY = '__pypy__' in sys.builtin_module_names
+# whether we're running this test suite on a Continuous Integration service
+APPVEYOR = 'APPVEYOR' in os.environ
+GITHUB_ACTIONS = 'GITHUB_ACTIONS' in os.environ or 'CIBUILDWHEEL' in os.environ
+CI_TESTING = APPVEYOR or GITHUB_ACTIONS
+COVERAGE = 'COVERAGE_RUN' in os.environ
+# are we a 64 bit process?
+IS_64BIT = sys.maxsize > 2**32
+
+
+@memoize
+def macos_version():
+    version_str = platform.mac_ver()[0]
+    version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
+    if version == (10, 16):
+        # When built against an older macOS SDK, Python will report
+        # macOS 10.16 instead of the real version.
+        version_str = subprocess.check_output(
+            [
+                sys.executable,
+                "-sS",
+                "-c",
+                "import platform; print(platform.mac_ver()[0])",
+            ],
+            env={"SYSTEM_VERSION_COMPAT": "0"},
+            universal_newlines=True,
+        )
+        version = tuple(map(int, version_str.split(".")[:2]))
+    return version
+
+
+if MACOS:
+    MACOS_11PLUS = macos_version() > (10, 15)
+    MACOS_12PLUS = macos_version() >= (12, 0)
+else:
+    MACOS_11PLUS = False
+    MACOS_12PLUS = False
+
+
+# --- configurable defaults
+
+# how many times retry_on_failure() decorator will retry
+NO_RETRIES = 10
+# bytes tolerance for system-wide related tests
+TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM = 5 * 1024 * 1024  # 5MB
+TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE = 10 * 1024 * 1024  # 10MB
+# the timeout used in functions which have to wait
+GLOBAL_TIMEOUT = 5
+# be more tolerant if we're on CI in order to avoid false positives
+if CI_TESTING:
+    NO_RETRIES *= 3
+    GLOBAL_TIMEOUT *= 3
+    TOLERANCE_SYS_MEM *= 4
+    TOLERANCE_DISK_USAGE *= 3
+
+# --- file names
+
+# Disambiguate TESTFN for parallel testing.
+if os.name == 'java':
+    # Jython disallows @ in module names
+    TESTFN_PREFIX = '$psutil-%s-' % os.getpid()
+else:
+    TESTFN_PREFIX = '@psutil-%s-' % os.getpid()
+UNICODE_SUFFIX = u("-ƒőő")
+# An invalid unicode string.
+if PY3:
+    INVALID_UNICODE_SUFFIX = b"f\xc0\x80".decode('utf8', 'surrogateescape')
+else:
+    INVALID_UNICODE_SUFFIX = "f\xc0\x80"
+ASCII_FS = sys.getfilesystemencoding().lower() in ('ascii', 'us-ascii')
+
+# --- paths
+
+ROOT_DIR = os.path.realpath(
+    os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), '..', '..')
+)
+SCRIPTS_DIR = os.environ.get(
+    "PSUTIL_SCRIPTS_DIR", os.path.join(ROOT_DIR, 'scripts')
+)
+HERE = os.path.realpath(os.path.dirname(__file__))
+
+# --- support
+
+HAS_CONNECTIONS_UNIX = POSIX and not SUNOS
+HAS_CPU_AFFINITY = hasattr(psutil.Process, "cpu_affinity")
+HAS_CPU_FREQ = hasattr(psutil, "cpu_freq")
+HAS_GETLOADAVG = hasattr(psutil, "getloadavg")
+HAS_ENVIRON = hasattr(psutil.Process, "environ")
+HAS_IONICE = hasattr(psutil.Process, "ionice")
+HAS_MEMORY_MAPS = hasattr(psutil.Process, "memory_maps")
+HAS_NET_IO_COUNTERS = hasattr(psutil, "net_io_counters")
+HAS_PROC_CPU_NUM = hasattr(psutil.Process, "cpu_num")
+HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS = hasattr(psutil.Process, "io_counters")
+HAS_RLIMIT = hasattr(psutil.Process, "rlimit")
+HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY = hasattr(psutil, "sensors_battery")
+try:
+    HAS_BATTERY = HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY and bool(psutil.sensors_battery())
+except Exception:  # noqa: BLE001
+    HAS_BATTERY = False
+HAS_SENSORS_FANS = hasattr(psutil, "sensors_fans")
+HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES = hasattr(psutil, "sensors_temperatures")
+HAS_THREADS = hasattr(psutil.Process, "threads")
+SKIP_SYSCONS = (MACOS or AIX) and os.getuid() != 0
+
+# --- misc
+
+
+def _get_py_exe():
+    def attempt(exe):
+        try:
+            subprocess.check_call(
+                [exe, "-V"], stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE
+            )
+        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+            return None
+        else:
+            return exe
+
+    env = os.environ.copy()
+
+    # On Windows, starting with python 3.7, virtual environments use a
+    # venv launcher startup process. This does not play well when
+    # counting spawned processes, or when relying on the PID of the
+    # spawned process to do some checks, e.g. connections check per PID.
+    # Let's use the base python in this case.
+    base = getattr(sys, "_base_executable", None)
+    if WINDOWS and sys.version_info >= (3, 7) and base is not None:
+        # We need to set __PYVENV_LAUNCHER__ to sys.executable for the
+        # base python executable to know about the environment.
+        env["__PYVENV_LAUNCHER__"] = sys.executable
+        return base, env
+    elif GITHUB_ACTIONS:
+        return sys.executable, env
+    elif MACOS:
+        exe = (
+            attempt(sys.executable)
+            or attempt(os.path.realpath(sys.executable))
+            or attempt(which("python%s.%s" % sys.version_info[:2]))
+            or attempt(psutil.Process().exe())
+        )
+        if not exe:
+            raise ValueError("can't find python exe real abspath")
+        return exe, env
+    else:
+        exe = os.path.realpath(sys.executable)
+        assert os.path.exists(exe), exe
+        return exe, env
+
+
+PYTHON_EXE, PYTHON_EXE_ENV = _get_py_exe()
+DEVNULL = open(os.devnull, 'r+')
+atexit.register(DEVNULL.close)
+
+VALID_PROC_STATUSES = [
+    getattr(psutil, x) for x in dir(psutil) if x.startswith('STATUS_')
+]
+AF_UNIX = getattr(socket, "AF_UNIX", object())
+
+_subprocesses_started = set()
+_pids_started = set()
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- threads
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class ThreadTask(threading.Thread):
+    """A thread task which does nothing expect staying alive."""
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        super().__init__()
+        self._running = False
+        self._interval = 0.001
+        self._flag = threading.Event()
+
+    def __repr__(self):
+        name = self.__class__.__name__
+        return '<%s running=%s at %#x>' % (name, self._running, id(self))
+
+    def __enter__(self):
+        self.start()
+        return self
+
+    def __exit__(self, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.stop()
+
+    def start(self):
+        """Start thread and keep it running until an explicit
+        stop() request. Polls for shutdown every 'timeout' seconds.
+        """
+        if self._running:
+            raise ValueError("already started")
+        threading.Thread.start(self)
+        self._flag.wait()
+
+    def run(self):
+        self._running = True
+        self._flag.set()
+        while self._running:
+            time.sleep(self._interval)
+
+    def stop(self):
+        """Stop thread execution and and waits until it is stopped."""
+        if not self._running:
+            raise ValueError("already stopped")
+        self._running = False
+        self.join()
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- subprocesses
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+def _reap_children_on_err(fun):
+    @functools.wraps(fun)
+    def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+        try:
+            return fun(*args, **kwargs)
+        except Exception:
+            reap_children()
+            raise
+
+    return wrapper
+
+
+@_reap_children_on_err
+def spawn_testproc(cmd=None, **kwds):
+    """Create a python subprocess which does nothing for some secs and
+    return it as a subprocess.Popen instance.
+    If "cmd" is specified that is used instead of python.
+    By default stdin and stdout are redirected to /dev/null.
+    It also attempts to make sure the process is in a reasonably
+    initialized state.
+    The process is registered for cleanup on reap_children().
+    """
+    kwds.setdefault("stdin", DEVNULL)
+    kwds.setdefault("stdout", DEVNULL)
+    kwds.setdefault("cwd", os.getcwd())
+    kwds.setdefault("env", PYTHON_EXE_ENV)
+    if WINDOWS:
+        # Prevents the subprocess to open error dialogs. This will also
+        # cause stderr to be suppressed, which is suboptimal in order
+        # to debug broken tests.
+        CREATE_NO_WINDOW = 0x8000000
+        kwds.setdefault("creationflags", CREATE_NO_WINDOW)
+    if cmd is None:
+        testfn = get_testfn(dir=os.getcwd())
+        try:
+            safe_rmpath(testfn)
+            pyline = (
+                "import time;"
+                + "open(r'%s', 'w').close();" % testfn
+                + "[time.sleep(0.1) for x in range(100)];"  # 10 secs
+            )
+            cmd = [PYTHON_EXE, "-c", pyline]
+            sproc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, **kwds)
+            _subprocesses_started.add(sproc)
+            wait_for_file(testfn, delete=True, empty=True)
+        finally:
+            safe_rmpath(testfn)
+    else:
+        sproc = subprocess.Popen(cmd, **kwds)
+        _subprocesses_started.add(sproc)
+        wait_for_pid(sproc.pid)
+    return sproc
+
+
+@_reap_children_on_err
+def spawn_children_pair():
+    """Create a subprocess which creates another one as in:
+    A (us) -> B (child) -> C (grandchild).
+    Return a (child, grandchild) tuple.
+    The 2 processes are fully initialized and will live for 60 secs
+    and are registered for cleanup on reap_children().
+    """
+    tfile = None
+    testfn = get_testfn(dir=os.getcwd())
+    try:
+        s = textwrap.dedent("""\
+            import subprocess, os, sys, time
+            s = "import os, time;"
+            s += "f = open('%s', 'w');"
+            s += "f.write(str(os.getpid()));"
+            s += "f.close();"
+            s += "time.sleep(60);"
+            p = subprocess.Popen([r'%s', '-c', s])
+            p.wait()
+            """ % (os.path.basename(testfn), PYTHON_EXE))
+        # On Windows if we create a subprocess with CREATE_NO_WINDOW flag
+        # set (which is the default) a "conhost.exe" extra process will be
+        # spawned as a child. We don't want that.
+        if WINDOWS:
+            subp, tfile = pyrun(s, creationflags=0)
+        else:
+            subp, tfile = pyrun(s)
+        child = psutil.Process(subp.pid)
+        grandchild_pid = int(wait_for_file(testfn, delete=True, empty=False))
+        _pids_started.add(grandchild_pid)
+        grandchild = psutil.Process(grandchild_pid)
+        return (child, grandchild)
+    finally:
+        safe_rmpath(testfn)
+        if tfile is not None:
+            safe_rmpath(tfile)
+
+
+def spawn_zombie():
+    """Create a zombie process and return a (parent, zombie) process tuple.
+    In order to kill the zombie parent must be terminate()d first, then
+    zombie must be wait()ed on.
+    """
+    assert psutil.POSIX
+    unix_file = get_testfn()
+    src = textwrap.dedent("""\
+        import os, sys, time, socket, contextlib
+        child_pid = os.fork()
+        if child_pid > 0:
+            time.sleep(3000)
+        else:
+            # this is the zombie process
+            s = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
+            with contextlib.closing(s):
+                s.connect('%s')
+                if sys.version_info < (3, ):
+                    pid = str(os.getpid())
+                else:
+                    pid = bytes(str(os.getpid()), 'ascii')
+                s.sendall(pid)
+        """ % unix_file)
+    tfile = None
+    sock = bind_unix_socket(unix_file)
+    try:
+        sock.settimeout(GLOBAL_TIMEOUT)
+        parent, tfile = pyrun(src)
+        conn, _ = sock.accept()
+        try:
+            select.select([conn.fileno()], [], [], GLOBAL_TIMEOUT)
+            zpid = int(conn.recv(1024))
+            _pids_started.add(zpid)
+            zombie = psutil.Process(zpid)
+            call_until(zombie.status, "ret == psutil.STATUS_ZOMBIE")
+            return (parent, zombie)
+        finally:
+            conn.close()
+    finally:
+        sock.close()
+        safe_rmpath(unix_file)
+        if tfile is not None:
+            safe_rmpath(tfile)
+
+
+@_reap_children_on_err
+def pyrun(src, **kwds):
+    """Run python 'src' code string in a separate interpreter.
+    Returns a subprocess.Popen instance and the test file where the source
+    code was written.
+    """
+    kwds.setdefault("stdout", None)
+    kwds.setdefault("stderr", None)
+    srcfile = get_testfn()
+    try:
+        with open(srcfile, "w") as f:
+            f.write(src)
+        subp = spawn_testproc([PYTHON_EXE, f.name], **kwds)
+        wait_for_pid(subp.pid)
+        return (subp, srcfile)
+    except Exception:
+        safe_rmpath(srcfile)
+        raise
+
+
+@_reap_children_on_err
+def sh(cmd, **kwds):
+    """Run cmd in a subprocess and return its output.
+    raises RuntimeError on error.
+    """
+    # Prevents subprocess to open error dialogs in case of error.
+    flags = 0x8000000 if WINDOWS else 0
+    kwds.setdefault("stdout", subprocess.PIPE)
+    kwds.setdefault("stderr", subprocess.PIPE)
+    kwds.setdefault("universal_newlines", True)
+    kwds.setdefault("creationflags", flags)
+    if isinstance(cmd, str):
+        cmd = shlex.split(cmd)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, **kwds)
+    _subprocesses_started.add(p)
+    if PY3:
+        stdout, stderr = p.communicate(timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT)
+    else:
+        stdout, stderr = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode != 0:
+        raise RuntimeError(stderr)
+    if stderr:
+        warn(stderr)
+    if stdout.endswith('\n'):
+        stdout = stdout[:-1]
+    return stdout
+
+
+def terminate(proc_or_pid, sig=signal.SIGTERM, wait_timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT):
+    """Terminate a process and wait() for it.
+    Process can be a PID or an instance of psutil.Process(),
+    subprocess.Popen() or psutil.Popen().
+    If it's a subprocess.Popen() or psutil.Popen() instance also closes
+    its stdin / stdout / stderr fds.
+    PID is wait()ed even if the process is already gone (kills zombies).
+    Does nothing if the process does not exist.
+    Return process exit status.
+    """
+
+    def wait(proc, timeout):
+        if isinstance(proc, subprocess.Popen) and not PY3:
+            proc.wait()
+        else:
+            proc.wait(timeout)
+        if WINDOWS and isinstance(proc, subprocess.Popen):
+            # Otherwise PID may still hang around.
+            try:
+                return psutil.Process(proc.pid).wait(timeout)
+            except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+                pass
+
+    def sendsig(proc, sig):
+        # XXX: otherwise the build hangs for some reason.
+        if MACOS and GITHUB_ACTIONS:
+            sig = signal.SIGKILL
+        # If the process received SIGSTOP, SIGCONT is necessary first,
+        # otherwise SIGTERM won't work.
+        if POSIX and sig != signal.SIGKILL:
+            proc.send_signal(signal.SIGCONT)
+        proc.send_signal(sig)
+
+    def term_subprocess_proc(proc, timeout):
+        try:
+            sendsig(proc, sig)
+        except OSError as err:
+            if WINDOWS and err.winerror == 6:  # "invalid handle"
+                pass
+            elif err.errno != errno.ESRCH:
+                raise
+        return wait(proc, timeout)
+
+    def term_psutil_proc(proc, timeout):
+        try:
+            sendsig(proc, sig)
+        except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+            pass
+        return wait(proc, timeout)
+
+    def term_pid(pid, timeout):
+        try:
+            proc = psutil.Process(pid)
+        except psutil.NoSuchProcess:
+            # Needed to kill zombies.
+            if POSIX:
+                return wait_pid(pid, timeout)
+        else:
+            return term_psutil_proc(proc, timeout)
+
+    def flush_popen(proc):
+        if proc.stdout:
+            proc.stdout.close()
+        if proc.stderr:
+            proc.stderr.close()
+        # Flushing a BufferedWriter may raise an error.
+        if proc.stdin:
+            proc.stdin.close()
+
+    p = proc_or_pid
+    try:
+        if isinstance(p, int):
+            return term_pid(p, wait_timeout)
+        elif isinstance(p, (psutil.Process, psutil.Popen)):
+            return term_psutil_proc(p, wait_timeout)
+        elif isinstance(p, subprocess.Popen):
+            return term_subprocess_proc(p, wait_timeout)
+        else:
+            raise TypeError("wrong type %r" % p)
+    finally:
+        if isinstance(p, (subprocess.Popen, psutil.Popen)):
+            flush_popen(p)
+        pid = p if isinstance(p, int) else p.pid
+        assert not psutil.pid_exists(pid), pid
+
+
+def reap_children(recursive=False):
+    """Terminate and wait() any subprocess started by this test suite
+    and any children currently running, ensuring that no processes stick
+    around to hog resources.
+    If recursive is True it also tries to terminate and wait()
+    all grandchildren started by this process.
+    """
+    # Get the children here before terminating them, as in case of
+    # recursive=True we don't want to lose the intermediate reference
+    # pointing to the grandchildren.
+    children = psutil.Process().children(recursive=recursive)
+
+    # Terminate subprocess.Popen.
+    while _subprocesses_started:
+        subp = _subprocesses_started.pop()
+        terminate(subp)
+
+    # Collect started pids.
+    while _pids_started:
+        pid = _pids_started.pop()
+        terminate(pid)
+
+    # Terminate children.
+    if children:
+        for p in children:
+            terminate(p, wait_timeout=None)
+        _, alive = psutil.wait_procs(children, timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT)
+        for p in alive:
+            warn("couldn't terminate process %r; attempting kill()" % p)
+            terminate(p, sig=signal.SIGKILL)
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- OS
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+def kernel_version():
+    """Return a tuple such as (2, 6, 36)."""
+    if not POSIX:
+        raise NotImplementedError("not POSIX")
+    s = ""
+    uname = os.uname()[2]
+    for c in uname:
+        if c.isdigit() or c == '.':
+            s += c
+        else:
+            break
+    if not s:
+        raise ValueError("can't parse %r" % uname)
+    minor = 0
+    micro = 0
+    nums = s.split('.')
+    major = int(nums[0])
+    if len(nums) >= 2:
+        minor = int(nums[1])
+    if len(nums) >= 3:
+        micro = int(nums[2])
+    return (major, minor, micro)
+
+
+def get_winver():
+    if not WINDOWS:
+        raise NotImplementedError("not WINDOWS")
+    wv = sys.getwindowsversion()
+    if hasattr(wv, 'service_pack_major'):  # python >= 2.7
+        sp = wv.service_pack_major or 0
+    else:
+        r = re.search(r"\s\d$", wv[4])
+        sp = int(r.group(0)) if r else 0
+    return (wv[0], wv[1], sp)
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- sync primitives
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class retry:
+    """A retry decorator."""
+
+    def __init__(
+        self,
+        exception=Exception,
+        timeout=None,
+        retries=None,
+        interval=0.001,
+        logfun=None,
+    ):
+        if timeout and retries:
+            raise ValueError("timeout and retries args are mutually exclusive")
+        self.exception = exception
+        self.timeout = timeout
+        self.retries = retries
+        self.interval = interval
+        self.logfun = logfun
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        if self.timeout:
+            stop_at = time.time() + self.timeout
+            while time.time() < stop_at:
+                yield
+        elif self.retries:
+            for _ in range(self.retries):
+                yield
+        else:
+            while True:
+                yield
+
+    def sleep(self):
+        if self.interval is not None:
+            time.sleep(self.interval)
+
+    def __call__(self, fun):
+        @functools.wraps(fun)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            exc = None
+            for _ in self:
+                try:
+                    return fun(*args, **kwargs)
+                except self.exception as _:  # NOQA
+                    exc = _
+                    if self.logfun is not None:
+                        self.logfun(exc)
+                    self.sleep()
+                    continue
+            if PY3:
+                raise exc
+            else:
+                raise
+
+        # This way the user of the decorated function can change config
+        # parameters.
+        wrapper.decorator = self
+        return wrapper
+
+
+@retry(
+    exception=psutil.NoSuchProcess,
+    logfun=None,
+    timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT,
+    interval=0.001,
+)
+def wait_for_pid(pid):
+    """Wait for pid to show up in the process list then return.
+    Used in the test suite to give time the sub process to initialize.
+    """
+    if pid not in psutil.pids():
+        raise psutil.NoSuchProcess(pid)
+    psutil.Process(pid)
+
+
+@retry(
+    exception=(FileNotFoundError, AssertionError),
+    logfun=None,
+    timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT,
+    interval=0.001,
+)
+def wait_for_file(fname, delete=True, empty=False):
+    """Wait for a file to be written on disk with some content."""
+    with open(fname, "rb") as f:
+        data = f.read()
+    if not empty:
+        assert data
+    if delete:
+        safe_rmpath(fname)
+    return data
+
+
+@retry(
+    exception=AssertionError,
+    logfun=None,
+    timeout=GLOBAL_TIMEOUT,
+    interval=0.001,
+)
+def call_until(fun, expr):
+    """Keep calling function for timeout secs and exit if eval()
+    expression is True.
+    """
+    ret = fun()
+    assert eval(expr)  # noqa
+    return ret
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- fs
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+def safe_rmpath(path):
+    """Convenience function for removing temporary test files or dirs."""
+
+    def retry_fun(fun):
+        # On Windows it could happen that the file or directory has
+        # open handles or references preventing the delete operation
+        # to succeed immediately, so we retry for a while. See:
+        # https://bugs.python.org/issue33240
+        stop_at = time.time() + GLOBAL_TIMEOUT
+        while time.time() < stop_at:
+            try:
+                return fun()
+            except FileNotFoundError:
+                pass
+            except WindowsError as _:
+                err = _
+                warn("ignoring %s" % (str(err)))
+            time.sleep(0.01)
+        raise err
+
+    try:
+        st = os.stat(path)
+        if stat.S_ISDIR(st.st_mode):
+            fun = functools.partial(shutil.rmtree, path)
+        else:
+            fun = functools.partial(os.remove, path)
+        if POSIX:
+            fun()
+        else:
+            retry_fun(fun)
+    except FileNotFoundError:
+        pass
+
+
+def safe_mkdir(dir):
+    """Convenience function for creating a directory."""
+    try:
+        os.mkdir(dir)
+    except FileExistsError:
+        pass
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def chdir(dirname):
+    """Context manager which temporarily changes the current directory."""
+    curdir = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        os.chdir(dirname)
+        yield
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(curdir)
+
+
+def create_py_exe(path):
+    """Create a Python executable file in the given location."""
+    assert not os.path.exists(path), path
+    atexit.register(safe_rmpath, path)
+    shutil.copyfile(PYTHON_EXE, path)
+    if POSIX:
+        st = os.stat(path)
+        os.chmod(path, st.st_mode | stat.S_IEXEC)
+    return path
+
+
+def create_c_exe(path, c_code=None):
+    """Create a compiled C executable in the given location."""
+    assert not os.path.exists(path), path
+    if not which("gcc"):
+        raise unittest.SkipTest("gcc is not installed")
+    if c_code is None:
+        c_code = textwrap.dedent("""
+            #include <unistd.h>
+            int main() {
+                pause();
+                return 1;
+            }
+            """)
+    else:
+        assert isinstance(c_code, str), c_code
+
+    atexit.register(safe_rmpath, path)
+    with open(get_testfn(suffix='.c'), "w") as f:
+        f.write(c_code)
+    try:
+        subprocess.check_call(["gcc", f.name, "-o", path])
+    finally:
+        safe_rmpath(f.name)
+    return path
+
+
+def get_testfn(suffix="", dir=None):
+    """Return an absolute pathname of a file or dir that did not
+    exist at the time this call is made. Also schedule it for safe
+    deletion at interpreter exit. It's technically racy but probably
+    not really due to the time variant.
+    """
+    while True:
+        name = tempfile.mktemp(prefix=TESTFN_PREFIX, suffix=suffix, dir=dir)
+        if not os.path.exists(name):  # also include dirs
+            path = os.path.realpath(name)  # needed for OSX
+            atexit.register(safe_rmpath, path)
+            return path
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- testing
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+class TestCase(unittest.TestCase):
+
+    # Print a full path representation of the single unit tests
+    # being run.
+    def __str__(self):
+        fqmod = self.__class__.__module__
+        if not fqmod.startswith('psutil.'):
+            fqmod = 'psutil.tests.' + fqmod
+        return "%s.%s.%s" % (
+            fqmod,
+            self.__class__.__name__,
+            self._testMethodName,
+        )
+
+    # assertRaisesRegexp renamed to assertRaisesRegex in 3.3;
+    # add support for the new name.
+    if not hasattr(unittest.TestCase, 'assertRaisesRegex'):
+        assertRaisesRegex = unittest.TestCase.assertRaisesRegexp  # noqa
+
+    # ...otherwise multiprocessing.Pool complains
+    if not PY3:
+
+        def runTest(self):
+            pass
+
+        @contextlib.contextmanager
+        def subTest(self, *args, **kw):
+            # fake it for python 2.7
+            yield
+
+
+# monkey patch default unittest.TestCase
+unittest.TestCase = TestCase
+
+
+class PsutilTestCase(TestCase):
+    """Test class providing auto-cleanup wrappers on top of process
+    test utilities.
+    """
+
+    def get_testfn(self, suffix="", dir=None):
+        fname = get_testfn(suffix=suffix, dir=dir)
+        self.addCleanup(safe_rmpath, fname)
+        return fname
+
+    def spawn_testproc(self, *args, **kwds):
+        sproc = spawn_testproc(*args, **kwds)
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, sproc)
+        return sproc
+
+    def spawn_children_pair(self):
+        child1, child2 = spawn_children_pair()
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, child2)
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, child1)  # executed first
+        return (child1, child2)
+
+    def spawn_zombie(self):
+        parent, zombie = spawn_zombie()
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, zombie)
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, parent)  # executed first
+        return (parent, zombie)
+
+    def pyrun(self, *args, **kwds):
+        sproc, srcfile = pyrun(*args, **kwds)
+        self.addCleanup(safe_rmpath, srcfile)
+        self.addCleanup(terminate, sproc)  # executed first
+        return sproc
+
+    def _check_proc_exc(self, proc, exc):
+        self.assertIsInstance(exc, psutil.Error)
+        self.assertEqual(exc.pid, proc.pid)
+        self.assertEqual(exc.name, proc._name)
+        if exc.name:
+            self.assertNotEqual(exc.name, "")
+        if isinstance(exc, psutil.ZombieProcess):
+            self.assertEqual(exc.ppid, proc._ppid)
+            if exc.ppid is not None:
+                self.assertGreaterEqual(exc.ppid, 0)
+        str(exc)
+        repr(exc)
+
+    def assertPidGone(self, pid):
+        with self.assertRaises(psutil.NoSuchProcess) as cm:
+            try:
+                psutil.Process(pid)
+            except psutil.ZombieProcess:
+                raise AssertionError("wasn't supposed to raise ZombieProcess")
+        self.assertEqual(cm.exception.pid, pid)
+        self.assertEqual(cm.exception.name, None)
+        assert not psutil.pid_exists(pid), pid
+        self.assertNotIn(pid, psutil.pids())
+        self.assertNotIn(pid, [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()])
+
+    def assertProcessGone(self, proc):
+        self.assertPidGone(proc.pid)
+        ns = process_namespace(proc)
+        for fun, name in ns.iter(ns.all, clear_cache=True):
+            with self.subTest(proc=proc, name=name):
+                try:
+                    ret = fun()
+                except psutil.ZombieProcess:
+                    raise
+                except psutil.NoSuchProcess as exc:
+                    self._check_proc_exc(proc, exc)
+                else:
+                    msg = "Process.%s() didn't raise NSP and returned %r" % (
+                        name,
+                        ret,
+                    )
+                    raise AssertionError(msg)
+        proc.wait(timeout=0)  # assert not raise TimeoutExpired
+
+    def assertProcessZombie(self, proc):
+        # A zombie process should always be instantiable.
+        clone = psutil.Process(proc.pid)
+        # Cloned zombie on Open/NetBSD has null creation time, see:
+        # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2287
+        self.assertEqual(proc, clone)
+        if not (OPENBSD or NETBSD):
+            self.assertEqual(hash(proc), hash(clone))
+        # Its status always be querable.
+        self.assertEqual(proc.status(), psutil.STATUS_ZOMBIE)
+        # It should be considered 'running'.
+        assert proc.is_running()
+        assert psutil.pid_exists(proc.pid)
+        # as_dict() shouldn't crash.
+        proc.as_dict()
+        # It should show up in pids() and process_iter().
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, psutil.pids())
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()])
+        psutil._pmap = {}
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()])
+        # Call all methods.
+        ns = process_namespace(proc)
+        for fun, name in ns.iter(ns.all, clear_cache=True):
+            with self.subTest(proc=proc, name=name):
+                try:
+                    fun()
+                except (psutil.ZombieProcess, psutil.AccessDenied) as exc:
+                    self._check_proc_exc(proc, exc)
+        if LINUX:
+            # https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/pull/2288
+            with self.assertRaises(psutil.ZombieProcess) as cm:
+                proc.cmdline()
+            self._check_proc_exc(proc, cm.exception)
+            with self.assertRaises(psutil.ZombieProcess) as cm:
+                proc.exe()
+            self._check_proc_exc(proc, cm.exception)
+            with self.assertRaises(psutil.ZombieProcess) as cm:
+                proc.memory_maps()
+            self._check_proc_exc(proc, cm.exception)
+        # Zombie cannot be signaled or terminated.
+        proc.suspend()
+        proc.resume()
+        proc.terminate()
+        proc.kill()
+        assert proc.is_running()
+        assert psutil.pid_exists(proc.pid)
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, psutil.pids())
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()])
+        psutil._pmap = {}
+        self.assertIn(proc.pid, [x.pid for x in psutil.process_iter()])
+
+        # Its parent should 'see' it (edit: not true on BSD and MACOS).
+        # descendants = [x.pid for x in psutil.Process().children(
+        #                recursive=True)]
+        # self.assertIn(proc.pid, descendants)
+
+        # __eq__ can't be relied upon because creation time may not be
+        # querable.
+        # self.assertEqual(proc, psutil.Process(proc.pid))
+
+        # XXX should we also assume ppid() to be usable? Note: this
+        # would be an important use case as the only way to get
+        # rid of a zombie is to kill its parent.
+        # self.assertEqual(proc.ppid(), os.getpid())
+
+
+@unittest.skipIf(PYPY, "unreliable on PYPY")
+class TestMemoryLeak(PsutilTestCase):
+    """Test framework class for detecting function memory leaks,
+    typically functions implemented in C which forgot to free() memory
+    from the heap. It does so by checking whether the process memory
+    usage increased before and after calling the function many times.
+
+    Note that this is hard (probably impossible) to do reliably, due
+    to how the OS handles memory, the GC and so on (memory can even
+    decrease!). In order to avoid false positives, in case of failure
+    (mem > 0) we retry the test for up to 5 times, increasing call
+    repetitions each time. If the memory keeps increasing then it's a
+    failure.
+
+    If available (Linux, OSX, Windows), USS memory is used for comparison,
+    since it's supposed to be more precise, see:
+    https://gmpy.dev/blog/2016/real-process-memory-and-environ-in-python
+    If not, RSS memory is used. mallinfo() on Linux and _heapwalk() on
+    Windows may give even more precision, but at the moment are not
+    implemented.
+
+    PyPy appears to be completely unstable for this framework, probably
+    because of its JIT, so tests on PYPY are skipped.
+
+    Usage:
+
+        class TestLeaks(psutil.tests.TestMemoryLeak):
+
+            def test_fun(self):
+                self.execute(some_function)
+    """
+
+    # Configurable class attrs.
+    times = 200
+    warmup_times = 10
+    tolerance = 0  # memory
+    retries = 10 if CI_TESTING else 5
+    verbose = True
+    _thisproc = psutil.Process()
+    _psutil_debug_orig = bool(os.getenv('PSUTIL_DEBUG'))
+
+    @classmethod
+    def setUpClass(cls):
+        psutil._set_debug(False)  # avoid spamming to stderr
+
+    @classmethod
+    def tearDownClass(cls):
+        psutil._set_debug(cls._psutil_debug_orig)
+
+    def _get_mem(self):
+        # USS is the closest thing we have to "real" memory usage and it
+        # should be less likely to produce false positives.
+        mem = self._thisproc.memory_full_info()
+        return getattr(mem, "uss", mem.rss)
+
+    def _get_num_fds(self):
+        if POSIX:
+            return self._thisproc.num_fds()
+        else:
+            return self._thisproc.num_handles()
+
+    def _log(self, msg):
+        if self.verbose:
+            print_color(msg, color="yellow", file=sys.stderr)
+
+    def _check_fds(self, fun):
+        """Makes sure num_fds() (POSIX) or num_handles() (Windows) does
+        not increase after calling a function.  Used to discover forgotten
+        close(2) and CloseHandle syscalls.
+        """
+        before = self._get_num_fds()
+        self.call(fun)
+        after = self._get_num_fds()
+        diff = after - before
+        if diff < 0:
+            raise self.fail(
+                "negative diff %r (gc probably collected a "
+                "resource from a previous test)" % diff
+            )
+        if diff > 0:
+            type_ = "fd" if POSIX else "handle"
+            if diff > 1:
+                type_ += "s"
+            msg = "%s unclosed %s after calling %r" % (diff, type_, fun)
+            raise self.fail(msg)
+
+    def _call_ntimes(self, fun, times):
+        """Get 2 distinct memory samples, before and after having
+        called fun repeatedly, and return the memory difference.
+        """
+        gc.collect(generation=1)
+        mem1 = self._get_mem()
+        for x in range(times):
+            ret = self.call(fun)
+            del x, ret
+        gc.collect(generation=1)
+        mem2 = self._get_mem()
+        self.assertEqual(gc.garbage, [])
+        diff = mem2 - mem1  # can also be negative
+        return diff
+
+    def _check_mem(self, fun, times, retries, tolerance):
+        messages = []
+        prev_mem = 0
+        increase = times
+        for idx in range(1, retries + 1):
+            mem = self._call_ntimes(fun, times)
+            msg = "Run #%s: extra-mem=%s, per-call=%s, calls=%s" % (
+                idx,
+                bytes2human(mem),
+                bytes2human(mem / times),
+                times,
+            )
+            messages.append(msg)
+            success = mem <= tolerance or mem <= prev_mem
+            if success:
+                if idx > 1:
+                    self._log(msg)
+                return
+            else:
+                if idx == 1:
+                    print()  # NOQA
+                self._log(msg)
+                times += increase
+                prev_mem = mem
+        raise self.fail(". ".join(messages))
+
+    # ---
+
+    def call(self, fun):
+        return fun()
+
+    def execute(
+        self, fun, times=None, warmup_times=None, retries=None, tolerance=None
+    ):
+        """Test a callable."""
+        times = times if times is not None else self.times
+        warmup_times = (
+            warmup_times if warmup_times is not None else self.warmup_times
+        )
+        retries = retries if retries is not None else self.retries
+        tolerance = tolerance if tolerance is not None else self.tolerance
+        try:
+            assert times >= 1, "times must be >= 1"
+            assert warmup_times >= 0, "warmup_times must be >= 0"
+            assert retries >= 0, "retries must be >= 0"
+            assert tolerance >= 0, "tolerance must be >= 0"
+        except AssertionError as err:
+            raise ValueError(str(err))
+
+        self._call_ntimes(fun, warmup_times)  # warm up
+        self._check_fds(fun)
+        self._check_mem(fun, times=times, retries=retries, tolerance=tolerance)
+
+    def execute_w_exc(self, exc, fun, **kwargs):
+        """Convenience method to test a callable while making sure it
+        raises an exception on every call.
+        """
+
+        def call():
+            self.assertRaises(exc, fun)
+
+        self.execute(call, **kwargs)
+
+
+def print_sysinfo():
+    import collections
+    import datetime
+    import getpass
+    import locale
+    import pprint
+
+    try:
+        import pip
+    except ImportError:
+        pip = None
+    try:
+        import wheel
+    except ImportError:
+        wheel = None
+
+    info = collections.OrderedDict()
+
+    # OS
+    if psutil.LINUX and which('lsb_release'):
+        info['OS'] = sh('lsb_release -d -s')
+    elif psutil.OSX:
+        info['OS'] = 'Darwin %s' % platform.mac_ver()[0]
+    elif psutil.WINDOWS:
+        info['OS'] = "Windows " + ' '.join(map(str, platform.win32_ver()))
+        if hasattr(platform, 'win32_edition'):
+            info['OS'] += ", " + platform.win32_edition()
+    else:
+        info['OS'] = "%s %s" % (platform.system(), platform.version())
+    info['arch'] = ', '.join(
+        list(platform.architecture()) + [platform.machine()]
+    )
+    if psutil.POSIX:
+        info['kernel'] = platform.uname()[2]
+
+    # python
+    info['python'] = ', '.join([
+        platform.python_implementation(),
+        platform.python_version(),
+        platform.python_compiler(),
+    ])
+    info['pip'] = getattr(pip, '__version__', 'not installed')
+    if wheel is not None:
+        info['pip'] += " (wheel=%s)" % wheel.__version__
+
+    # UNIX
+    if psutil.POSIX:
+        if which('gcc'):
+            out = sh(['gcc', '--version'])
+            info['gcc'] = str(out).split('\n')[0]
+        else:
+            info['gcc'] = 'not installed'
+        s = platform.libc_ver()[1]
+        if s:
+            info['glibc'] = s
+
+    # system
+    info['fs-encoding'] = sys.getfilesystemencoding()
+    lang = locale.getlocale()
+    info['lang'] = '%s, %s' % (lang[0], lang[1])
+    info['boot-time'] = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(
+        psutil.boot_time()
+    ).strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+    info['time'] = datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
+    info['user'] = getpass.getuser()
+    info['home'] = os.path.expanduser("~")
+    info['cwd'] = os.getcwd()
+    info['pyexe'] = PYTHON_EXE
+    info['hostname'] = platform.node()
+    info['PID'] = os.getpid()
+
+    # metrics
+    info['cpus'] = psutil.cpu_count()
+    info['loadavg'] = "%.1f%%, %.1f%%, %.1f%%" % (
+        tuple([x / psutil.cpu_count() * 100 for x in psutil.getloadavg()])
+    )
+    mem = psutil.virtual_memory()
+    info['memory'] = "%s%%, used=%s, total=%s" % (
+        int(mem.percent),
+        bytes2human(mem.used),
+        bytes2human(mem.total),
+    )
+    swap = psutil.swap_memory()
+    info['swap'] = "%s%%, used=%s, total=%s" % (
+        int(swap.percent),
+        bytes2human(swap.used),
+        bytes2human(swap.total),
+    )
+    info['pids'] = len(psutil.pids())
+    pinfo = psutil.Process().as_dict()
+    pinfo.pop('memory_maps', None)
+    info['proc'] = pprint.pformat(pinfo)
+
+    print("=" * 70, file=sys.stderr)  # NOQA
+    for k, v in info.items():
+        print("%-17s %s" % (k + ':', v), file=sys.stderr)  # NOQA
+    print("=" * 70, file=sys.stderr)  # NOQA
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    if WINDOWS:
+        os.system("tasklist")
+    elif which("ps"):
+        os.system("ps aux")
+    print("=" * 70, file=sys.stderr)  # NOQA
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+
+def is_win_secure_system_proc(pid):
+    # see: https://github.com/giampaolo/psutil/issues/2338
+    @memoize
+    def get_procs():
+        ret = {}
+        out = sh("tasklist.exe /NH /FO csv")
+        for line in out.splitlines()[1:]:
+            bits = [x.replace('"', "") for x in line.split(",")]
+            name, pid = bits[0], int(bits[1])
+            ret[pid] = name
+        return ret
+
+    try:
+        return get_procs()[pid] == "Secure System"
+    except KeyError:
+        return False
+
+
+def _get_eligible_cpu():
+    p = psutil.Process()
+    if hasattr(p, "cpu_num"):
+        return p.cpu_num()
+    elif hasattr(p, "cpu_affinity"):
+        return random.choice(p.cpu_affinity())
+    return 0
+
+
+class process_namespace:
+    """A container that lists all Process class method names + some
+    reasonable parameters to be called with. Utility methods (parent(),
+    children(), ...) are excluded.
+
+    >>> ns = process_namespace(psutil.Process())
+    >>> for fun, name in ns.iter(ns.getters):
+    ...    fun()
+    """
+
+    utils = [('cpu_percent', (), {}), ('memory_percent', (), {})]
+
+    ignored = [
+        ('as_dict', (), {}),
+        ('children', (), {'recursive': True}),
+        ('is_running', (), {}),
+        ('memory_info_ex', (), {}),
+        ('oneshot', (), {}),
+        ('parent', (), {}),
+        ('parents', (), {}),
+        ('pid', (), {}),
+        ('wait', (0,), {}),
+    ]
+
+    getters = [
+        ('cmdline', (), {}),
+        ('connections', (), {'kind': 'all'}),
+        ('cpu_times', (), {}),
+        ('create_time', (), {}),
+        ('cwd', (), {}),
+        ('exe', (), {}),
+        ('memory_full_info', (), {}),
+        ('memory_info', (), {}),
+        ('name', (), {}),
+        ('nice', (), {}),
+        ('num_ctx_switches', (), {}),
+        ('num_threads', (), {}),
+        ('open_files', (), {}),
+        ('ppid', (), {}),
+        ('status', (), {}),
+        ('threads', (), {}),
+        ('username', (), {}),
+    ]
+    if POSIX:
+        getters += [('uids', (), {})]
+        getters += [('gids', (), {})]
+        getters += [('terminal', (), {})]
+        getters += [('num_fds', (), {})]
+    if HAS_PROC_IO_COUNTERS:
+        getters += [('io_counters', (), {})]
+    if HAS_IONICE:
+        getters += [('ionice', (), {})]
+    if HAS_RLIMIT:
+        getters += [('rlimit', (psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE,), {})]
+    if HAS_CPU_AFFINITY:
+        getters += [('cpu_affinity', (), {})]
+    if HAS_PROC_CPU_NUM:
+        getters += [('cpu_num', (), {})]
+    if HAS_ENVIRON:
+        getters += [('environ', (), {})]
+    if WINDOWS:
+        getters += [('num_handles', (), {})]
+    if HAS_MEMORY_MAPS:
+        getters += [('memory_maps', (), {'grouped': False})]
+
+    setters = []
+    if POSIX:
+        setters += [('nice', (0,), {})]
+    else:
+        setters += [('nice', (psutil.NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS,), {})]
+    if HAS_RLIMIT:
+        setters += [('rlimit', (psutil.RLIMIT_NOFILE, (1024, 4096)), {})]
+    if HAS_IONICE:
+        if LINUX:
+            setters += [('ionice', (psutil.IOPRIO_CLASS_NONE, 0), {})]
+        else:
+            setters += [('ionice', (psutil.IOPRIO_NORMAL,), {})]
+    if HAS_CPU_AFFINITY:
+        setters += [('cpu_affinity', ([_get_eligible_cpu()],), {})]
+
+    killers = [
+        ('send_signal', (signal.SIGTERM,), {}),
+        ('suspend', (), {}),
+        ('resume', (), {}),
+        ('terminate', (), {}),
+        ('kill', (), {}),
+    ]
+    if WINDOWS:
+        killers += [('send_signal', (signal.CTRL_C_EVENT,), {})]
+        killers += [('send_signal', (signal.CTRL_BREAK_EVENT,), {})]
+
+    all = utils + getters + setters + killers
+
+    def __init__(self, proc):
+        self._proc = proc
+
+    def iter(self, ls, clear_cache=True):
+        """Given a list of tuples yields a set of (fun, fun_name) tuples
+        in random order.
+        """
+        ls = list(ls)
+        random.shuffle(ls)
+        for fun_name, args, kwds in ls:
+            if clear_cache:
+                self.clear_cache()
+            fun = getattr(self._proc, fun_name)
+            fun = functools.partial(fun, *args, **kwds)
+            yield (fun, fun_name)
+
+    def clear_cache(self):
+        """Clear the cache of a Process instance."""
+        self._proc._init(self._proc.pid, _ignore_nsp=True)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def test_class_coverage(cls, test_class, ls):
+        """Given a TestCase instance and a list of tuples checks that
+        the class defines the required test method names.
+        """
+        for fun_name, _, _ in ls:
+            meth_name = 'test_' + fun_name
+            if not hasattr(test_class, meth_name):
+                msg = "%r class should define a '%s' method" % (
+                    test_class.__class__.__name__,
+                    meth_name,
+                )
+                raise AttributeError(msg)
+
+    @classmethod
+    def test(cls):
+        this = set([x[0] for x in cls.all])
+        ignored = set([x[0] for x in cls.ignored])
+        klass = set([x for x in dir(psutil.Process) if x[0] != '_'])
+        leftout = (this | ignored) ^ klass
+        if leftout:
+            raise ValueError("uncovered Process class names: %r" % leftout)
+
+
+class system_namespace:
+    """A container that lists all the module-level, system-related APIs.
+    Utilities such as cpu_percent() are excluded. Usage:
+
+    >>> ns = system_namespace
+    >>> for fun, name in ns.iter(ns.getters):
+    ...    fun()
+    """
+
+    getters = [
+        ('boot_time', (), {}),
+        ('cpu_count', (), {'logical': False}),
+        ('cpu_count', (), {'logical': True}),
+        ('cpu_stats', (), {}),
+        ('cpu_times', (), {'percpu': False}),
+        ('cpu_times', (), {'percpu': True}),
+        ('disk_io_counters', (), {'perdisk': True}),
+        ('disk_partitions', (), {'all': True}),
+        ('disk_usage', (os.getcwd(),), {}),
+        ('net_connections', (), {'kind': 'all'}),
+        ('net_if_addrs', (), {}),
+        ('net_if_stats', (), {}),
+        ('net_io_counters', (), {'pernic': True}),
+        ('pid_exists', (os.getpid(),), {}),
+        ('pids', (), {}),
+        ('swap_memory', (), {}),
+        ('users', (), {}),
+        ('virtual_memory', (), {}),
+    ]
+    if HAS_CPU_FREQ:
+        getters += [('cpu_freq', (), {'percpu': True})]
+    if HAS_GETLOADAVG:
+        getters += [('getloadavg', (), {})]
+    if HAS_SENSORS_TEMPERATURES:
+        getters += [('sensors_temperatures', (), {})]
+    if HAS_SENSORS_FANS:
+        getters += [('sensors_fans', (), {})]
+    if HAS_SENSORS_BATTERY:
+        getters += [('sensors_battery', (), {})]
+    if WINDOWS:
+        getters += [('win_service_iter', (), {})]
+        getters += [('win_service_get', ('alg',), {})]
+
+    ignored = [
+        ('process_iter', (), {}),
+        ('wait_procs', ([psutil.Process()],), {}),
+        ('cpu_percent', (), {}),
+        ('cpu_times_percent', (), {}),
+    ]
+
+    all = getters
+
+    @staticmethod
+    def iter(ls):
+        """Given a list of tuples yields a set of (fun, fun_name) tuples
+        in random order.
+        """
+        ls = list(ls)
+        random.shuffle(ls)
+        for fun_name, args, kwds in ls:
+            fun = getattr(psutil, fun_name)
+            fun = functools.partial(fun, *args, **kwds)
+            yield (fun, fun_name)
+
+    test_class_coverage = process_namespace.test_class_coverage
+
+
+def serialrun(klass):
+    """A decorator to mark a TestCase class. When running parallel tests,
+    class' unit tests will be run serially (1 process).
+    """
+    # assert issubclass(klass, unittest.TestCase), klass
+    assert inspect.isclass(klass), klass
+    klass._serialrun = True
+    return klass
+
+
+def retry_on_failure(retries=NO_RETRIES):
+    """Decorator which runs a test function and retries N times before
+    actually failing.
+    """
+
+    def logfun(exc):
+        print("%r, retrying" % exc, file=sys.stderr)  # NOQA
+
+    return retry(
+        exception=AssertionError, timeout=None, retries=retries, logfun=logfun
+    )
+
+
+def skip_on_access_denied(only_if=None):
+    """Decorator to Ignore AccessDenied exceptions."""
+
+    def decorator(fun):
+        @functools.wraps(fun)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                return fun(*args, **kwargs)
+            except psutil.AccessDenied:
+                if only_if is not None:
+                    if not only_if:
+                        raise
+                raise unittest.SkipTest("raises AccessDenied")
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+def skip_on_not_implemented(only_if=None):
+    """Decorator to Ignore NotImplementedError exceptions."""
+
+    def decorator(fun):
+        @functools.wraps(fun)
+        def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
+            try:
+                return fun(*args, **kwargs)
+            except NotImplementedError:
+                if only_if is not None:
+                    if not only_if:
+                        raise
+                msg = (
+                    "%r was skipped because it raised NotImplementedError"
+                    % fun.__name__
+                )
+                raise unittest.SkipTest(msg)
+
+        return wrapper
+
+    return decorator
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- network
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+# XXX: no longer used
+def get_free_port(host='127.0.0.1'):
+    """Return an unused TCP port. Subject to race conditions."""
+    with contextlib.closing(socket.socket()) as sock:
+        sock.bind((host, 0))
+        return sock.getsockname()[1]
+
+
+def bind_socket(family=AF_INET, type=SOCK_STREAM, addr=None):
+    """Binds a generic socket."""
+    if addr is None and family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6):
+        addr = ("", 0)
+    sock = socket.socket(family, type)
+    try:
+        if os.name not in ('nt', 'cygwin'):
+            sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1)
+        sock.bind(addr)
+        if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+            sock.listen(5)
+        return sock
+    except Exception:
+        sock.close()
+        raise
+
+
+def bind_unix_socket(name, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM):
+    """Bind a UNIX socket."""
+    assert psutil.POSIX
+    assert not os.path.exists(name), name
+    sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, type)
+    try:
+        sock.bind(name)
+        if type == socket.SOCK_STREAM:
+            sock.listen(5)
+    except Exception:
+        sock.close()
+        raise
+    return sock
+
+
+def tcp_socketpair(family, addr=("", 0)):
+    """Build a pair of TCP sockets connected to each other.
+    Return a (server, client) tuple.
+    """
+    with contextlib.closing(socket.socket(family, SOCK_STREAM)) as ll:
+        ll.bind(addr)
+        ll.listen(5)
+        addr = ll.getsockname()
+        c = socket.socket(family, SOCK_STREAM)
+        try:
+            c.connect(addr)
+            caddr = c.getsockname()
+            while True:
+                a, addr = ll.accept()
+                # check that we've got the correct client
+                if addr == caddr:
+                    return (a, c)
+                a.close()
+        except OSError:
+            c.close()
+            raise
+
+
+def unix_socketpair(name):
+    """Build a pair of UNIX sockets connected to each other through
+    the same UNIX file name.
+    Return a (server, client) tuple.
+    """
+    assert psutil.POSIX
+    server = client = None
+    try:
+        server = bind_unix_socket(name, type=socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        server.setblocking(0)
+        client = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX, socket.SOCK_STREAM)
+        client.setblocking(0)
+        client.connect(name)
+        # new = server.accept()
+    except Exception:
+        if server is not None:
+            server.close()
+        if client is not None:
+            client.close()
+        raise
+    return (server, client)
+
+
+@contextlib.contextmanager
+def create_sockets():
+    """Open as many socket families / types as possible."""
+    socks = []
+    fname1 = fname2 = None
+    try:
+        socks.append(bind_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM))
+        socks.append(bind_socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM))
+        if supports_ipv6():
+            socks.append(bind_socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_STREAM))
+            socks.append(bind_socket(socket.AF_INET6, socket.SOCK_DGRAM))
+        if POSIX and HAS_CONNECTIONS_UNIX:
+            fname1 = get_testfn()
+            fname2 = get_testfn()
+            s1, s2 = unix_socketpair(fname1)
+            s3 = bind_unix_socket(fname2, type=socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+            for s in (s1, s2, s3):
+                socks.append(s)
+        yield socks
+    finally:
+        for s in socks:
+            s.close()
+        for fname in (fname1, fname2):
+            if fname is not None:
+                safe_rmpath(fname)
+
+
+def check_net_address(addr, family):
+    """Check a net address validity. Supported families are IPv4,
+    IPv6 and MAC addresses.
+    """
+    import ipaddress  # python >= 3.3 / requires "pip install ipaddress"
+
+    if enum and PY3 and not PYPY:
+        assert isinstance(family, enum.IntEnum), family
+    if family == socket.AF_INET:
+        octs = [int(x) for x in addr.split('.')]
+        assert len(octs) == 4, addr
+        for num in octs:
+            assert 0 <= num <= 255, addr
+        if not PY3:
+            addr = unicode(addr)
+        ipaddress.IPv4Address(addr)
+    elif family == socket.AF_INET6:
+        assert isinstance(addr, str), addr
+        if not PY3:
+            addr = unicode(addr)
+        ipaddress.IPv6Address(addr)
+    elif family == psutil.AF_LINK:
+        assert re.match(r'([a-fA-F0-9]{2}[:|\-]?){6}', addr) is not None, addr
+    else:
+        raise ValueError("unknown family %r" % family)
+
+
+def check_connection_ntuple(conn):
+    """Check validity of a connection namedtuple."""
+
+    def check_ntuple(conn):
+        has_pid = len(conn) == 7
+        assert len(conn) in (6, 7), len(conn)
+        assert conn[0] == conn.fd, conn.fd
+        assert conn[1] == conn.family, conn.family
+        assert conn[2] == conn.type, conn.type
+        assert conn[3] == conn.laddr, conn.laddr
+        assert conn[4] == conn.raddr, conn.raddr
+        assert conn[5] == conn.status, conn.status
+        if has_pid:
+            assert conn[6] == conn.pid, conn.pid
+
+    def check_family(conn):
+        assert conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6, AF_UNIX), conn.family
+        if enum is not None:
+            assert isinstance(conn.family, enum.IntEnum), conn
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(conn.family, int), conn
+        if conn.family == AF_INET:
+            # actually try to bind the local socket; ignore IPv6
+            # sockets as their address might be represented as
+            # an IPv4-mapped-address (e.g. "::127.0.0.1")
+            # and that's rejected by bind()
+            s = socket.socket(conn.family, conn.type)
+            with contextlib.closing(s):
+                try:
+                    s.bind((conn.laddr[0], 0))
+                except socket.error as err:
+                    if err.errno != errno.EADDRNOTAVAIL:
+                        raise
+        elif conn.family == AF_UNIX:
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE, conn.status
+
+    def check_type(conn):
+        # SOCK_SEQPACKET may happen in case of AF_UNIX socks
+        SOCK_SEQPACKET = getattr(socket, "SOCK_SEQPACKET", object())
+        assert conn.type in (
+            socket.SOCK_STREAM,
+            socket.SOCK_DGRAM,
+            SOCK_SEQPACKET,
+        ), conn.type
+        if enum is not None:
+            assert isinstance(conn.type, enum.IntEnum), conn
+        else:
+            assert isinstance(conn.type, int), conn
+        if conn.type == socket.SOCK_DGRAM:
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE, conn.status
+
+    def check_addrs(conn):
+        # check IP address and port sanity
+        for addr in (conn.laddr, conn.raddr):
+            if conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6):
+                assert isinstance(addr, tuple), type(addr)
+                if not addr:
+                    continue
+                assert isinstance(addr.port, int), type(addr.port)
+                assert 0 <= addr.port <= 65535, addr.port
+                check_net_address(addr.ip, conn.family)
+            elif conn.family == AF_UNIX:
+                assert isinstance(addr, str), type(addr)
+
+    def check_status(conn):
+        assert isinstance(conn.status, str), conn.status
+        valids = [
+            getattr(psutil, x) for x in dir(psutil) if x.startswith('CONN_')
+        ]
+        assert conn.status in valids, conn.status
+        if conn.family in (AF_INET, AF_INET6) and conn.type == SOCK_STREAM:
+            assert conn.status != psutil.CONN_NONE, conn.status
+        else:
+            assert conn.status == psutil.CONN_NONE, conn.status
+
+    check_ntuple(conn)
+    check_family(conn)
+    check_type(conn)
+    check_addrs(conn)
+    check_status(conn)
+
+
+def filter_proc_connections(cons):
+    """Our process may start with some open UNIX sockets which are not
+    initialized by us, invalidating unit tests.
+    """
+    new = []
+    for conn in cons:
+        if POSIX and conn.family == socket.AF_UNIX:
+            if MACOS and "/syslog" in conn.raddr:
+                debug("skipping %s" % str(conn))
+                continue
+        new.append(conn)
+    return new
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- compatibility
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+def reload_module(module):
+    """Backport of importlib.reload of Python 3.3+."""
+    try:
+        import importlib
+
+        if not hasattr(importlib, 'reload'):  # python <=3.3
+            raise ImportError
+    except ImportError:
+        import imp
+
+        return imp.reload(module)
+    else:
+        return importlib.reload(module)
+
+
+def import_module_by_path(path):
+    name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(path))[0]
+    if sys.version_info[0] < 3:
+        import imp
+
+        return imp.load_source(name, path)
+    else:
+        import importlib.util
+
+        spec = importlib.util.spec_from_file_location(name, path)
+        mod = importlib.util.module_from_spec(spec)
+        spec.loader.exec_module(mod)
+        return mod
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- others
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+def warn(msg):
+    """Raise a warning msg."""
+    warnings.warn(msg, UserWarning, stacklevel=2)
+
+
+def is_namedtuple(x):
+    """Check if object is an instance of namedtuple."""
+    t = type(x)
+    b = t.__bases__
+    if len(b) != 1 or b[0] != tuple:
+        return False
+    f = getattr(t, '_fields', None)
+    if not isinstance(f, tuple):
+        return False
+    return all(isinstance(n, str) for n in f)
+
+
+if POSIX:
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def copyload_shared_lib(suffix=""):
+        """Ctx manager which picks up a random shared CO lib used
+        by this process, copies it in another location and loads it
+        in memory via ctypes. Return the new absolutized path.
+        """
+        exe = 'pypy' if PYPY else 'python'
+        ext = ".so"
+        dst = get_testfn(suffix=suffix + ext)
+        libs = [
+            x.path
+            for x in psutil.Process().memory_maps()
+            if os.path.splitext(x.path)[1] == ext and exe in x.path.lower()
+        ]
+        src = random.choice(libs)
+        shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
+        try:
+            ctypes.CDLL(dst)
+            yield dst
+        finally:
+            safe_rmpath(dst)
+
+else:
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def copyload_shared_lib(suffix=""):
+        """Ctx manager which picks up a random shared DLL lib used
+        by this process, copies it in another location and loads it
+        in memory via ctypes.
+        Return the new absolutized, normcased path.
+        """
+        from ctypes import WinError
+        from ctypes import wintypes
+
+        ext = ".dll"
+        dst = get_testfn(suffix=suffix + ext)
+        libs = [
+            x.path
+            for x in psutil.Process().memory_maps()
+            if x.path.lower().endswith(ext)
+            and 'python' in os.path.basename(x.path).lower()
+            and 'wow64' not in x.path.lower()
+        ]
+        if PYPY and not libs:
+            libs = [
+                x.path
+                for x in psutil.Process().memory_maps()
+                if 'pypy' in os.path.basename(x.path).lower()
+            ]
+        src = random.choice(libs)
+        shutil.copyfile(src, dst)
+        cfile = None
+        try:
+            cfile = ctypes.WinDLL(dst)
+            yield dst
+        finally:
+            # Work around OverflowError:
+            # - https://ci.appveyor.com/project/giampaolo/psutil/build/1207/
+            #       job/o53330pbnri9bcw7
+            # - http://bugs.python.org/issue30286
+            # - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/23522055
+            if cfile is not None:
+                FreeLibrary = ctypes.windll.kernel32.FreeLibrary
+                FreeLibrary.argtypes = [wintypes.HMODULE]
+                ret = FreeLibrary(cfile._handle)
+                if ret == 0:
+                    WinError()
+            safe_rmpath(dst)
+
+
+# ===================================================================
+# --- Exit funs (first is executed last)
+# ===================================================================
+
+
+# this is executed first
+@atexit.register
+def cleanup_test_procs():
+    reap_children(recursive=True)
+
+
+# atexit module does not execute exit functions in case of SIGTERM, which
+# gets sent to test subprocesses, which is a problem if they import this
+# module. With this it will. See:
+# https://gmpy.dev/blog/2016/how-to-always-execute-exit-functions-in-python
+if POSIX:
+    signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, lambda sig, _: sys.exit(sig))

llmeval-env/lib/python3.10/site-packages/psutil/tests/__main__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2009, Giampaolo Rodola'. All rights reserved.
+# Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+# found in the LICENSE file.
+
+"""Run unit tests. This is invoked by:
+$ python -m psutil.tests.
+"""
+
+from .runner import main
+
+
+main()