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Free shuttles | Is there restricitons to traveling of the Free shuttles? | Las Vegas Strip | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0
] | [
"Some of the shuttles have a policy requiring a room key from an affiliated casino.",
"Enforcement of these policies may vary.",
" Between Harrah's and the Rio.",
"Approximately every 30 minutes.",
" Between Sam's Town and Bill's Gamblin' Hall, Harrah's, Riviera, and Tropicana.",
"Approximately every hour and a half.",
" Between Paris/Bally's and the Rio.",
"Approximately every 30 minutes.",
" Between Hard Rock and the Fashion Show Mall.",
"Leaves the Hard Rock every 60 minutes on the hour.",
" Between Trump International Hotel and The Forum Shops at Caesars Palace.",
"Leaves the Trump Las Vegas every 15 minutes.",
" Between Trump International Hotel and the Wynn.",
"Leaves the Trump Las Vegas every 15 minutes."
] | [] |
Abstract | How old is Yoshikazu? | Jiro Dreams of Sushi | false | 6MOVIES
| [
4
] | [
"Jiro Dreams of Sushi is a 2011 American documentary film directed by David Gelb.",
"The film follows , an 85-year-old sushi master and owner of Sukiyabashi Jiro, a Michelin three-star restaurant, on his continuing quest to perfect the art of sushi.",
"The film also profiles Jiro's two sons, both of whom are also sushi chefs.",
"The younger son, Takashi (隆士), left Sukiyabashi Jiro to open a mirror image of his father's restaurant in Roppongi Hills.",
"The 50-year-old elder son, Yoshikazu (禎一), obligated to succeed his father, still works for Jiro and is faced with the prospect of one day taking over the flagship restaurant."
] | [
5
] |
Variants and related activities | How are Free-diving and Scuba diving different? | Snorkeling | true | 4SPORT
| [
3,
4
] | [
"Bog snorkelling: An individual sport, popular in the United Kingdom and Australia.",
"Finswimming: An individual sport, the most popular competitive sport of CMAS, the only of this federation present in World Games.",
"Finswimmers use a slightly different snorkel, suited for hydrodynamics and speed.",
"Free-diving: Any form of diving without breathing apparatus, but often referring to competitive apnea as a sport.",
"Scuba diving: A form of untethered diving using a self-contained portable breathing apparatus, frequently as a pastime.",
"Spearfishing: Fishing with a spear often with snorkelling equipment, either for competitive sport or to obtain food.",
"Underwater hockey: A competitive team-sport played in swimming pools using snorkelling equipment, sticks and a puck.",
"Underwater rugby: A competitive team-sport played in deeper swimming pools using snorkelling equipment, baskets and a ball."
] | [
5
] |
Early modern history (1536–1849) | When was Sweden attacked by Denmark | Denmark | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
3
] | [
"Early modern history (1536–1849).",
"After Sweden permanently broke away from the Kalmar Union in 1523, Denmark tried on two occasions to reassert control over Sweden.",
"The first was in the Northern Seven Years' War which lasted from 1563 until 1570.",
"The second occasion was the Kalmar War when King Christian IV attacked Sweden in 1611 but failed to accomplish his main objective of forcing Sweden to return to the union with Denmark.",
"The war led to no territorial changes, but Sweden was forced to pay a war indemnity of 1 million silver riksdaler to Denmark, an amount known as the \"Älvsborg ransom\".",
"King Christian used this money to found several towns and fortresses, most notably Glückstadt (founded as a rival to Hamburg), Christiania (following a fire destroying the original city of Oslo), Christianshavn, Christianstad, and Christiansand.",
"Christian also constructed a number of buildings, most notably Børsen, Rundetårn, Nyboder, Rosenborg, a silver mine, and a copper mill.",
"Inspired by the Dutch East India Company, he founded a similar Danish company and planned to claim Ceylon as a colony, but the company only managed to acquire Tranquebar on India's Coromandel Coast.",
"Denmark's large colonial aspirations were limited to a few key trading posts in Africa and India.",
"In the Thirty Years' War, Christian tried to become the leader of the Lutheran states in Germany but suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Lutter.",
"The result was that the Catholic army under Albrecht von Wallenstein was able to invade, occupy, and pillage Jutland, forcing Denmark to withdraw from the war.",
"Denmark managed to avoid territorial concessions, but Gustavus Adolphus' intervention in Germany was seen as a sign that the military power of Sweden was on the rise while Denmark's influence in the region was declining.",
"Swedish armies invaded Jutland in 1643 and claimed Skåne in 1644.",
"According to Geoffrey Parker, \"The Swedish occupation caused a drop in agricultural production and a shortage of capital; harvest failure and plague ravaged the land between 1647 and 1651; Denmark's population fell by 20 per cent.",
"\"In the 1645 Treaty of Brømsebro, Denmark surrendered Halland, Gotland, the last parts of Danish Estonia, and several provinces in Norway.",
"In 1657, King Frederick III declared war on Sweden and marched on Bremen-Verden.",
"This led to a massive Danish defeat and the armies of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden conquered both Jutland, Funen, and much of Zealand before signing the Peace of Roskilde in February 1658 which gave Sweden control of Skåne, Blekinge, Trøndelag, and the island of Bornholm.",
"Charles X Gustav quickly regretted not having destroyed Denmark completely and in August 1658 he began a two-year long siege of Copenhagen but failed to take the capital.",
"In the following peace settlement, Denmark managed to maintain its independence and regain control of Trøndelag and Bornholm.",
"Denmark tried to regain control of Skåne in the Scanian War (1675–79) but this attempt was a failure.",
"Following the Great Northern War (1700–21), Denmark managed to restore control of the parts of Schleswig and Holstein ruled by the house of Holstein-Gottorp in 1721 and 1773, respectively.",
"In the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark originally tried to pursue a policy of neutrality and trade with both France and the United Kingdom and joined the League of Armed Neutrality with Russia, Sweden, and Prussia.",
"The British considered this a hostile act and attacked Copenhagen in both 1801 and 1807, in one case carrying off the Danish fleet, in the other, burning large parts of Copenhagen.",
"This led to the so-called Danish-British Gunboat War.",
"The British control of the waterways between Denmark and Norway proved disastrous to the union's economy and in 1813, Denmark-Norway went bankrupt.",
"The Danish-Norwegian union was dissolved by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814.",
"Norway entered a new union with Sweden which lasted until 1905.",
"Denmark kept the colonies of Iceland, Faroe Islands, and Greenland.",
"Apart from the Nordic colonies, Denmark ruled over Danish India (Tranquebar in India) from 1620 to 1869, the Danish Gold Coast (Ghana) from 1658 to 1850, and the Danish West Indies (the U.S. Virgin Islands) from 1671 to 1917."
] | [
2
] |
Box office | How much did the limited release of the movie gross? | Zero Dark Thirty | false | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"The limited release of \"Zero Dark Thirty\" grossed $417,150 in the United States and Canada in only five theaters.",
"A wide release followed on January 11.",
"\"Entertainment Weekly\" wrote, \"The controversial Oscar contender easily topped the chart in its first weekend of wide release with $24.4 million.\"",
"\"Zero Dark Thirty\" grossed $95,720,716 in the U.S. and Canada, along with $37,100,000 in other countries, for a worldwide total of $132,820,716.",
"It was the top-grossing film of its wide release premiere weekend."
] | [
5
] |
Layout | How is the architecture adapted and how many buildings are arranged? | Machu Picchu | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
2,
3
] | [
"The site is roughly divided into an urban sector and an agricultural sector, as well as the upper town and the lower town.",
"The temples are part of the upper town, the warehouses the lower.",
"The architecture is adapted to the natural form of the mountains.",
"Approximately 200 buildings are arranged on wide parallel terraces around a vast central square that is oriented east-west.",
"The various \"kanchas\" or compounds are long and narrow in order to exploit the terrain.",
"Extensive terraces were used for agriculture and sophisticated channeling systems provided irrigation for the fields.",
"Numerous stone stairways set in the walls allowed access to the different levels across the site.",
"The eastern section of the city was probably residential.",
"The western, separated by the square, was for religious and ceremonial purposes.",
"This section contains the Torreón, the massive tower which may have been used as an observatory.",
"Located in the first zone are the primary archaeological treasures: the \"Intihuatana\", the \"Temple of the Sun\" and the \"Room of the Three Windows\".",
"These were dedicated to \"Inti\", their sun god and greatest deity.",
"The Popular District, or Residential District, is the place where the lower-class people lived.",
"It includes storage buildings and simple houses.",
"The royalty area, a sector for the nobility, is a group of houses located in rows over a slope; the residence of the Amautas (wise persons) was characterized by its reddish walls, and the zone of the \"Ñustas\" (princesses) had trapezoid-shaped rooms.",
"The Monumental Mausoleum is a carved statue with a vaulted interior and carved drawings.",
"It was used for rites or sacrifices.",
"The Guardhouse is a three-sided building, with one of its long sides opening onto the Terrace of the Ceremonial Rock.",
"The three-sided style of Inca architecture is known as the \"wayrona\" style."
] | [
5
] |
Charity episodes | Who met in the scene called "Time Crash" on the Doctor Who show? | Doctor Who | true | 1TV
| [
12
] | [
"In 1983, coinciding with the series' 20th anniversary, a charity special titled \"The Five Doctors\" was produced in aid of Children in Need, featuring three of the first five Doctors, a new actor to replace the deceased William Hartnell, and unused footage to represent Tom Baker.",
"This was a full-length, 90-minute film, the longest single episode of \"Doctor Who\" produced to date (the television movie ran slightly longer on broadcast where it included commercial breaks).",
"In 1993, for the franchise's 30th anniversary, another charity special, titled \"Dimensions in Time\" was produced for Children in Need, featuring all of the surviving actors who played the Doctor and a number of previous companions.",
"It also featured a crossover with the soap opera \"EastEnders\", the action taking place in the latter's Albert Square location and around Greenwich.",
"The special was one of several special 3D programmes the BBC produced at the time, using a 3D system that made use of the Pulfrich effect requiring glasses with one darkened lens; the picture would look normal to those viewers who watched without the glasses.",
"In 1999, another special, \"Doctor Who and the Curse of Fatal Death\", was made for Comic Relief and later released on VHS.",
"An affectionate parody of the television series, it was split into four segments, mimicking the traditional serial format, complete with cliffhangers, and running down the same corridor several times when being chased (the version released on video was split into only two episodes).",
"In the story, the Doctor (Rowan Atkinson) encounters both the Master (Jonathan Pryce) and the Daleks.",
"During the special the Doctor is forced to regenerate several times, with his subsequent incarnations played by, in order, Richard E. Grant, Jim Broadbent, Hugh Grant and Joanna Lumley.",
"The script was written by Steven Moffat, later to be head writer and executive producer to the revived series.",
"Since the return of \"Doctor Who\" in 2005, the franchise has produced two original \"mini-episodes\" to support Children in Need.",
"The first, aired in November 2005, was an which introduced David Tennant as the Tenth Doctor.",
"It was followed in November 2007 by \"Time Crash\", a 7-minute scene which featured the Tenth Doctor meeting the Fifth Doctor (played once again by Peter Davison).",
"A set of two mini-episodes, titled \"Space\" and \"Time\" respectively, were produced to support Comic Relief.",
"They were aired during the Comic Relief 2011 event.",
"During 2011 Children in Need, an exclusively-filmed segment showed the Doctor addressing the viewer, attempting to persuade them to purchase items of his clothing, which were going up for auction for Children in Need.",
"The 2012 edition of CiN featured the mini-episode \"The Great Detective\"."
] | [
3
] |
Ahwahneechee and the Mariposa Wars | In what year did Jim Savage lead the Mariposa Battalion west? | Yosemite National Park | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
5
] | [
"Ahwahneechee and the Mariposa Wars.",
"As revealed by archeological finds, the Yosemite Valley has been inhabited for nearly 3000 years.",
"The Paiute and Sierra Miwok peoples lived in the area long before the first explorations by American settlers into the region.",
"A band of Paiute called the \"Ahwahneechee\" were living in the Yosemite Valley when the first known group of European Americans entered it.",
"The California Gold Rush in the mid-19th century dramatically increased travel by European-Americans in the area, causing competition for resources between the regional Paiute and Miwok and the miners and hangers on.",
"In 1851 as part of the Mariposa Wars intended to suppress Native American resistance, United States Army Major Jim Savage led the Mariposa Battalion into the west end of Yosemite Valley.",
"He was pursuing forces of around 200 Ahwahneechee led by Chief Tenaya.",
"Accounts from this battalion were the first well-documented reports of ethnic Europeans entering Yosemite Valley.",
"Attached to Savage's unit was Dr. Lafayette Bunnell, the company physician, who later wrote about his awestruck impressions of the valley in \"The Discovery of the Yosemite\".",
"Bunnell is credited with naming Yosemite Valley, based on his interviews with Chief Tenaya.",
"Bunnell wrote that Chief Tenaya was the founder of the Pai-Ute Colony of Ah-wah-nee.",
"The Miwok, a neighboring tribe, and most white settlers considered the Ahwahneechee to be especially violent because of their frequent territorial disputes.",
"The Miwok term for the Pai-Ute band was \"yohhe'meti,\" meaning \"they are killers\".",
"Correspondence and articles written by members of the battalion helped to popularize the natural wonders of the Yosemite Valley and the surrounding area.",
"Chief Tenaya and his Ahwahneechee were eventually captured and their village burned; they were removed to a reservation near Fresno, California.",
"The chief and some others were later allowed to return to Yosemite Valley.",
"In the spring of 1852 they attacked a group of eight gold miners, and then moved east to flee law enforcement.",
"Near Mono Lake, they took refuge with the nearby Mono tribe of Paiute.",
"They stole horses from their hosts and moved away, but the Mono Paiutes tracked down and killed many of the Ahwahneechee, including Chief Tenaya.",
"The Mono Paiute took the survivors as captives back to Mono Lake and absorbed them into the Mono Lake Paiute tribe.",
"A reconstructed \"Indian Village of Ahwahnee\" has been erected behind the Yosemite Museum, located next to the Yosemite Valley Visitor Center."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What day and month did the countries declare war on Germany? | Invasion of Poland | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign or 1939 Defensive War or the Fourth Partition of Poland (Polish: \"Kampania wrześniowa\" or \"Wojna obronna 1939 roku\" or \"IV rozbiór Polski\") in Poland and the Poland Campaign (German: \"Polenfeldzug\") or Fall Weiß (Case White) in Germany, was an invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II in Europe.",
"The German invasion began on 1 September 1939, one week after the signing of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, while the Soviet invasion commenced on 17 September 1939 following the Molotov-Tōgō agreement which terminated the Russian and Japanese hostilities (Nomonhan incident) in the east on 16 September 1939.",
"The campaign ended on 6 October 1939 with Germany and the Soviet Union dividing and annexing the whole of Poland.",
"The morning after the Gleiwitz incident, German forces invaded Poland from the north, south, and west.",
"As the Germans advanced, Polish forces withdrew from their forward bases of operation close to the Polish–German border to more established lines of defence to the east.",
"After the mid-September Polish defeat in the Battle of the Bzura, the Germans gained an undisputed advantage.",
"Polish forces then withdrew to the southeast where they prepared for a long defence of the Romanian Bridgehead and awaited expected support and relief from France and the United Kingdom.",
"The two countries had pacts with Poland and had declared war on Germany on 3 September, though in the end their aid to Poland in the September campaign was very limited.",
"The Soviet Red Army's invasion of Eastern Poland on 17 September, in accordance with a secret protocol of the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, rendered the Polish plan of defence obsolete.",
"Facing a second front, the Polish government concluded the defence of the Romanian Bridgehead was no longer feasible and ordered an emergency evacuation of all troops to neutral Romania.",
"On 6 October, following the Polish defeat at the Battle of Kock, German and Soviet forces gained full control over Poland.",
"The success of the invasion marked the end of the Second Polish Republic, though Poland never formally surrendered.",
"On 8 October, after an initial period of military administration, Germany directly annexed western Poland and the former Free City of Danzig and placed the remaining block of territory under the administration of the newly established General Government.",
"The Soviet Union incorporated its newly acquired areas into its constituent Belarusian and Ukrainian republics, and immediately started a campaign of sovietization.",
"In the aftermath of the invasion, a collective of underground resistance organizations formed the Polish Underground State within the territory of the former Polish state.",
"Many of the military exiles that managed to escape Poland subsequently joined the Polish Armed Forces in the West, an armed force loyal to the Polish government in exile."
] | [
0
] |
Track listing | How long is the Lovelife remix | Counting Stars | false | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
";CD single",
" \"Counting Stars\" – 4:17",
" \"Counting Stars\" (Lovelife remix) – 3:55"
] | [
5
] |
Recording | Who is the artist responsible for additional vocal production? | Love the Way You Lie | true | 0MUSIC
| [
13
] | [
"Mike Strange recorded and mixed Eminem's vocals at Effigy Studios in Ferndale, Michigan.",
"The sessions took two days.",
"Strange edited the vocals with D-Verb—a reverberation software—and an Extra Long Delay plug-in.",
"He preferred to make few changes; for \"Love the Way You Lie\" he almost exclusively used board compression and console equalization.",
"Strange used the Bricasti and Eventide Reverb 2016 mixing tools for \"brighter\" reverberation.",
"Detroit musician Luis Resto has contributed to the arrangement on many of Eminem's songs, but did not do so for \"Love the Way You Lie\".",
"According to Strange, \"Everything we needed was already in the track, apart from the vocals.\"",
"Two to three weeks after the sessions, Alex da Kid arrived to help mix and master the track.",
"He wanted to replace the acoustic guitar on the demo, but Eminem chose to keep it.",
"Strange said, \"It was simply a matter of trying to match and then to improve on the demo da Kid'd sent us.\"",
"Strange's brother Joe engineered the track.",
"Rihanna's recording sessions took place at Sun Studios in Dublin, Ireland.",
"Marcos Tovar mixed her vocals, which were engineered by Spike Lindsey and mastered from Detroit over the Internet.",
"The American songwriter Makeba Riddick provided additional vocal production.",
"Strange used equalization, compression and reverberation but left the vocal balance.",
"He assumed that Rihanna was satisfied with her recorded vocals and did not make major changes on her seven stereo vocal tracks."
] | [
3
] |
Polish defence plan | Where were Poland's most valuable resources located? | Invasion of Poland | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
1
] | [
"The Polish political determination to deploy forces directly at the German-Polish border, based on the Polish-British Common Defense Pact, shaped the country's defence plan, \"Plan West\".",
"Poland's most valuable natural resources, industry and population were located along the western border in Eastern Upper Silesia.",
"Polish policy centred on their protection especially since many politicians feared that if Poland were to retreat from the regions disputed by Germany, Britain and France would sign a separate peace treaty with Germany similar to the Munich Agreement of 1938.",
"The fact that none of Poland's allies had specifically guaranteed Polish borders or territorial integrity certainly did not help in easing Polish concerns.",
"For these reasons, Poland disregarded French advice to deploy the bulk of their forces behind the natural barriers such as the Vistula and San rivers, even though some Polish generals supported it as a better strategy.",
"The West Plan did permit the Polish armies to retreat inside the country, but it was supposed to be a slow retreat behind prepared positions and was intended to give the armed forces time to complete its mobilization and execute a general counteroffensive with the support of the Western Allies.",
"The Polish General Staff had not begun elaborating the \"West\" defence plan until 4 March 1939.",
"It was assumed that the Polish Army, fighting in the initial phase of the war alone, would be compelled to defend the western regions of the country.",
"The plan of operations took into account, first of all, the numerical and material superiority of the enemy and, consequently, assumed the defensive character of Polish operations.",
"The Polish intentions were: the defence of the western regions judged as indispensable for waging the war, the taking advantage of the propitious conditions for counterblows by reserve units, the avoidance of being smashed before the beginning of Allied operations in the West and the making of decisions depending of the existing situation.",
"The operational plan had not been elaborated in detail and concerned only the first stage of operations.",
"The British and French estimated that Poland should be able to defend itself for two to three months, while Poland estimated it could do so for at least six months.",
"Poland drafted its estimates based upon the expectation that the Western Allies honor their treaty obligations and quickly start an offensive of their own.",
"In addition, the French and British expected the war to develop into trench warfare much like World War I.",
"The Polish government was not notified of this strategy and based all of its defence plans on promises of quick relief by their Western allies.",
"Polish forces were stretched thinly along the Polish-German border and lacked compact defence lines and good defence positions along disadvantageous terrain.",
"This strategy also left supply lines poorly protected.",
"One-third of Poland's forces were massed in or near the Polish Corridor, making them vulnerable to a double envelopment from East Prussia and the west.",
"Another third were concentrated in the north-central part of the country, between the major cities of Łódź and Warsaw.",
"The forward positioning of Polish forces vastly increased the difficulty of carrying out strategic maneuvers, compounded by inadequate mobility, as Polish units often lacked the ability to retreat from their defensive positions as they were being overrun by more mobile German mechanized formations.",
"As the prospect of conflict increased, the British government pressed Marshal Edward Rydz-Śmigły to evacuate the most modern elements of the Polish Navy from the Baltic Sea.",
"In the event of war the Polish military leaders realized that the ships which remained in the Baltic were likely to be quickly sunk by the Germans.",
"Furthermore, the Danish straits were well within operating range of the German \"Kriegsmarine\" and \"Luftwaffe\", so there was little chance of an evacuation plan succeeding if implemented after hostilities began.",
"Four days after the signing of the Polish-British Common Defense Pact, three destroyers of the Polish Navy executed the Peking Plan and consequently evacuated to Great Britain.",
"Although the Polish military had prepared for conflict, the civilian population remained largely unprepared.",
"Polish pre-war propaganda emphasized that any German invasion would be easily repelled.",
"Consequently, Polish defeats during the German invasion came as a shock to the civilian population.",
"Lacking training for such a disaster, the civilian population panicked and retreated east, spreading chaos, lowering troop morale and making road transportation for Polish troops very difficult."
] | [
4
] |
Box office | What was "Teen Wolf" ranked in it's opening weekend? | Teen Wolf | true | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"Box office.",
"Released on August 23, 1985, \"Teen Wolf\" debuted at #2 in its opening weekend, behind \"Back to the Future\" (also starring Michael J.",
"Fox).",
"After its initial run, the film grossed $33,086,661 domestically, with a worldwide gross of about $80 million."
] | [
0
] |
Early modern history (1536–1849) | When was the Northern Seven Years War? | Denmark | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"Early modern history (1536–1849).",
"After Sweden permanently broke away from the Kalmar Union in 1523, Denmark tried on two occasions to reassert control over Sweden.",
"The first was in the Northern Seven Years' War which lasted from 1563 until 1570.",
"The second occasion was the Kalmar War when King Christian IV attacked Sweden in 1611 but failed to accomplish his main objective of forcing Sweden to return to the union with Denmark.",
"The war led to no territorial changes, but Sweden was forced to pay a war indemnity of 1 million silver riksdaler to Denmark, an amount known as the \"Älvsborg ransom\".",
"King Christian used this money to found several towns and fortresses, most notably Glückstadt (founded as a rival to Hamburg), Christiania (following a fire destroying the original city of Oslo), Christianshavn, Christianstad, and Christiansand.",
"Christian also constructed a number of buildings, most notably Børsen, Rundetårn, Nyboder, Rosenborg, a silver mine, and a copper mill.",
"Inspired by the Dutch East India Company, he founded a similar Danish company and planned to claim Ceylon as a colony, but the company only managed to acquire Tranquebar on India's Coromandel Coast.",
"Denmark's large colonial aspirations were limited to a few key trading posts in Africa and India.",
"In the Thirty Years' War, Christian tried to become the leader of the Lutheran states in Germany but suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Lutter.",
"The result was that the Catholic army under Albrecht von Wallenstein was able to invade, occupy, and pillage Jutland, forcing Denmark to withdraw from the war.",
"Denmark managed to avoid territorial concessions, but Gustavus Adolphus' intervention in Germany was seen as a sign that the military power of Sweden was on the rise while Denmark's influence in the region was declining.",
"Swedish armies invaded Jutland in 1643 and claimed Skåne in 1644.",
"According to Geoffrey Parker, \"The Swedish occupation caused a drop in agricultural production and a shortage of capital; harvest failure and plague ravaged the land between 1647 and 1651; Denmark's population fell by 20 per cent.",
"\"In the 1645 Treaty of Brømsebro, Denmark surrendered Halland, Gotland, the last parts of Danish Estonia, and several provinces in Norway.",
"In 1657, King Frederick III declared war on Sweden and marched on Bremen-Verden.",
"This led to a massive Danish defeat and the armies of King Charles X Gustav of Sweden conquered both Jutland, Funen, and much of Zealand before signing the Peace of Roskilde in February 1658 which gave Sweden control of Skåne, Blekinge, Trøndelag, and the island of Bornholm.",
"Charles X Gustav quickly regretted not having destroyed Denmark completely and in August 1658 he began a two-year long siege of Copenhagen but failed to take the capital.",
"In the following peace settlement, Denmark managed to maintain its independence and regain control of Trøndelag and Bornholm.",
"Denmark tried to regain control of Skåne in the Scanian War (1675–79) but this attempt was a failure.",
"Following the Great Northern War (1700–21), Denmark managed to restore control of the parts of Schleswig and Holstein ruled by the house of Holstein-Gottorp in 1721 and 1773, respectively.",
"In the Napoleonic Wars, Denmark originally tried to pursue a policy of neutrality and trade with both France and the United Kingdom and joined the League of Armed Neutrality with Russia, Sweden, and Prussia.",
"The British considered this a hostile act and attacked Copenhagen in both 1801 and 1807, in one case carrying off the Danish fleet, in the other, burning large parts of Copenhagen.",
"This led to the so-called Danish-British Gunboat War.",
"The British control of the waterways between Denmark and Norway proved disastrous to the union's economy and in 1813, Denmark-Norway went bankrupt.",
"The Danish-Norwegian union was dissolved by the Treaty of Kiel in 1814.",
"Norway entered a new union with Sweden which lasted until 1905.",
"Denmark kept the colonies of Iceland, Faroe Islands, and Greenland.",
"Apart from the Nordic colonies, Denmark ruled over Danish India (Tranquebar in India) from 1620 to 1869, the Danish Gold Coast (Ghana) from 1658 to 1850, and the Danish West Indies (the U.S. Virgin Islands) from 1671 to 1917."
] | [
2
] |
Style and technique | What year was "The Red Armchair" painted? | Pablo Picasso | true | 3ART
| [
5
] | [
"Picasso was exceptionally prolific throughout his long lifetime.",
"The total number of artworks he produced has been estimated at 50,000, comprising 1,885 paintings; 1,228 sculptures; 2,880 ceramics, roughly 12,000 drawings, many thousands of prints, and numerous tapestries and rugs.",
"The medium in which Picasso made his most important contribution was painting.",
"In his paintings, Picasso used color as an expressive element, but relied on drawing rather than subtleties of color to create form and space.",
"He sometimes added sand to his paint to vary its texture.",
"A nanoprobe of Picasso's \"The Red Armchair\" (1931) by physicists at Argonne National Laboratory in 2012 confirmed art historians' belief that Picasso used common house paint in many of his paintings.",
"Much of his painting was done at night by artificial light.",
"Picasso's early sculptures were carved from wood or modeled in wax or clay, but from 1909 to 1928 Picasso abandoned modeling and instead made sculptural constructions using diverse materials.",
"An example is \"Guitar\" (1912), a relief construction made of sheet metal and wire that Jane Fluegel terms a \"three-dimensional planar counterpart of Cubist painting\" that marks a \"revolutionary departure from the traditional approaches, modeling and carving\".",
"From the beginning of his career, Picasso displayed an interest in subject matter of every kind, and demonstrated a great stylistic versatility that enabled him to work in several styles at once.",
"For example, his paintings of 1917 included the pointillist \"Woman with a Mantilla\", the Cubist \"Figure in an Armchair\", and the naturalistic \"Harlequin\" (all in the Museu Picasso, Barcelona).",
"In 1919, he made a number of drawings from postcards and photographs that reflect his interest in the stylistic conventions and static character of posed photographs.",
"In 1921 he simultaneously painted several large neoclassical paintings and two versions of the Cubist composition \"Three Musicians\" (Museum of Modern Art, New York; Philadelphia Museum of Art).",
"In an interview published in 1923, Picasso said, \"The several manners I have used in my art must not be considered as an evolution, or as steps towards an unknown ideal of painting … If the subjects I have wanted to express have suggested different ways of expression I have never hesitated to adopt them.",
"\"Although his Cubist works approach abstraction, Picasso never relinquished the objects of the real world as subject matter.",
"Prominent in his Cubist paintings are forms easily recognized as guitars, violins, and bottles.",
"When Picasso depicted complex narrative scenes it was usually in prints, drawings, and small-scale works; \"Guernica\" (1937) is one of his few large narrative paintings.",
"Picasso painted mostly from imagination or memory.",
"According to William Rubin, Picasso \"could only make great art from subjects that truly involved him ….",
"Unlike Matisse, Picasso had eschewed models virtually all his mature life, preferring to paint individuals whose lives had both impinged on, and had real significance for, his own.\"",
"The art critic Arthur Danto said Picasso's work constitutes a \"vast pictorial autobiography\" that provides some basis for the popular conception that \"Picasso invented a new style each time he fell in love with a new woman\".",
"The autobiographical nature of Picasso's art is reinforced by his habit of dating his works, often to the day.",
"He explained: \"I want to leave to posterity a documentation that will be as complete as possible.",
"That's why I put a date on everything I do.\""
] | [
0
] |
History | What at the National Air and Space Museum is referred to as Rocket Row? | National Air and Space Museum | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
5
] | [
"The museum was originally called the National Air Museum when formed on August 12, 1946 by an act of Congress and signed into law by President Harry S. Truman.",
"Some pieces in the National Air and Space Museum collection date back to the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia after which the Chinese Imperial Commission donated a group of kites to the Smithsonian after Smithsonian Secretary Spencer Fullerton Baird convinced exhibiters that shipping them home would be too costly.",
"The Stringfellow steam engine intended for aircraft was added to the collection in 1889, the first piece actively acquired by the Smithsonian now in the current NASM collection.",
"After the establishment of the museum, there was no one building that could hold all the items to be displayed, many obtained from the United States Army and United States Navy collections of domestic and captured aircraft from World War I.",
"Some pieces were on display in the Arts and Industries Building, some were stored in the Aircraft Building (also known as the \"Tin Shed\"), a large temporary metal shed in the Smithsonian Castle's south yard.",
"Larger missiles and rockets were displayed outdoors in what was known as Rocket Row.",
"The shed housed at large Martin bomber, a LePere fighter-bomber, and an Aeromarine 39B floatplane.",
"Still, much of the collection remained in storage due to a lack of display space.",
"The combination of the large numbers of aircraft donated to the Smithsonian after World War II and the need for hangar and factory space for the Korean War drove the Smithsonian to look for its own facility to store and restore aircraft.",
"The current Garber Facility was ceded to the Smithsonian by the Maryland-National Capital Park and Planning Commission in 1952 after the curator Paul E. Garber spotted the wooded area from the air.",
"Bulldozers from Fort Belvoir and prefabricated buildings from the United States Navy kept the initial costs low.",
"The space race in the 1950s and 1960s led to the renaming of the museum to the National Air and Space Museum, and finally congressional passage of appropriations for the construction of the new exhibition hall, which opened July 1, 1976 at the height of the United States Bicentennial festivities under the leadership of Director Michael Collins, who had flown to the Moon on Apollo 11.",
"The Steven F. Udvar-Hazy Center opened in 2003, funded by a private donation.",
"The museum received COSTAR, the corrective optics instrument installed in the Hubble Space Telescope during its first servicing mission (STS-61), when it was removed and returned to Earth after Space Shuttle mission STS-125.",
"The museum also holds the backup mirror for the Hubble which, unlike the one that was launched, was ground to the correct shape.",
"There were once plans for it to be installed to the Hubble itself, but plans to return the satellite to Earth were scrapped after the Space Shuttle \"Columbia\" disaster in 2003; the mission was re-considered as too risky.",
"The Smithsonian has also been promised the International Cometary Explorer, which is currently in a solar orbit that occasionally brings it back to Earth, should NASA attempt to recover it."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | How is a fish steak made? | Steak | true | 9FOOD
| [
1
] | [
"A steak (from Old Norse \"steik\", \"roast\") is generally a cut of beef sliced perpendicular to the muscle fibers, or of fish cut perpendicular to the spine.",
"Meat steaks are usually grilled, pan-fried, or broiled, while fish steaks may also be baked.",
"Steak can also be meat cooked in sauce, such as steak and kidney pie, or minced meat formed into a steak shape, such as Salisbury steak and hamburger steak.",
"Without qualification, the word \"steak\" generally refers to beefsteak.",
"Steaks from other animals are usually qualified as, \"e.g.",
"\", 'swordfish steak' or 'venison steak'."
] | [
5
] |
Weapons | How many locations can keep stocks of the smallpox virus? | Virus | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
3
] | [
"The ability of viruses to cause devastating epidemics in human societies has led to the concern that viruses could be weaponised for biological warfare.",
"Further concern was raised by the successful recreation of the infamous 1918 influenza virus in a laboratory.",
"The smallpox virus devastated numerous societies throughout history before its eradication.",
"There are only two centers in the world that are authorized by the WHO to keep stocks of smallpox virus: the Vector Institute in Russia and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States.",
"However fears that it may be used as a weapon may not be totally unfounded.",
"As the vaccine for smallpox sometimes had severe side-effects, it is no longer used routinely in any country.",
"Thus, much of the modern human population has almost no established resistance to smallpox, and would be vulnerable to the virus."
] | [
5
] |
History | what is one of the oldest forms of combat | Wrestling | false | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"Wrestling represents one of the oldest forms of combat.",
"Literary references to it occur as early as in the Iliad, in which Homer recounts the Trojan War of the 13th or 12th century BC.",
"The origins of wrestling go back 15,000 years through cave drawings in France.",
"Babylonian and Egyptian reliefs show wrestlers using most of the holds known in the present-day sport.",
"In ancient Greece wrestling occupied a prominent place in legend and literature; wrestling competition, brutal in many aspects, served as the focal sport of the ancient Olympic Games.",
"The ancient Romans borrowed heavily from Greek wrestling, but eliminated much of its brutality.",
"During the Middle Ages (fifth century to fifteenth century) wrestling remained popular and enjoyed the patronage of many royal families, including those of France, Japan and England.",
"Early European settlers in America brought a strong wrestling tradition with them if they came from England.",
"The settlers also found wrestling to be popular among Native Americans.",
"Amateur wrestling flourished throughout the early years of the North American colonies and served as a popular activity at country fairs, holiday celebrations, and in military exercises.",
"The first organized national wrestling tournament took place in New York City in 1888, and wrestling has been an event at every modern Olympic Games since the 1904 games in Saint Louis, Missouri (a demonstration had been performed at the first modern Olympics).",
"The International Federation of Associated Wrestling Styles (FILA) originated in 1912 in Antwerp, Belgium.",
"The 1st NCAA Wrestling Championships were also held in 1912, in Ames, Iowa.",
"USA Wrestling, located in Colorado Springs, Colorado, became the national governing body of amateur wrestling in 1983.",
"It conducts competitions for all age-levels."
] | [
0
] |
Aftermath | On May 8th 1945, who caused the Germans to surrender? | Operation Barbarossa | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"With the failure of the Battle of Moscow, all German plans of a quick defeat of the Soviet Union had to be revised.",
"The Soviet counteroffensives in the winter of 1941 caused heavy casualties on both sides, but ultimately eliminated the German threat to Moscow.",
"Nevertheless, despite this setback, the Soviet Union had suffered heavily from the loss of large parts of its army, allowing the Germans to mount another large-scale offensive in the summer of 1942, called Case Blue, now directed towards the oil fields of Baku.",
"This offensive failed just as \"Barbarossa\" had: the Germans again conquered vast amounts of no-mans-land, but they had again failed to achieve their ultimate goals when they were defeated at Stalingrad.",
"By then, the Soviet war economy was fully operational, so the Soviet Union was able to simply outproduce the Germans, who were not prepared for a long war of attrition.",
"As a result, the Germans' last all-out offensive in 1943 at the battle of Kursk failed.",
"After three years of constant warfare, the Germans were exhausted; thus the Soviets were finally able to defeat the Germans decisively in Operation \"Bagration\" during the summer of 1944.",
"This led to a chain of Soviet victories which pushed the Germans back to Berlin in just one year, leading to the surrender of Germany on 8 May 1945."
] | [
3
] |
Religion | What number of shrines are in the Forbidden City? | Forbidden City | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
3
] | [
"Religion was an important part of life for the imperial court.",
"In the Qing dynasty, the Palace of Earthly Harmony became a place of Manchu Shamanist ceremony.",
"At the same time, the native Chinese Taoist religion continued to have an important role throughout the Ming and Qing dynasties.",
"There were two Taoist shrines, one in the imperial garden and another in the central area of the Inner Court.",
"Another prevalent form of religion in the Qing dynasty palace was Buddhism.",
"A number of temples and shrines were scattered throughout the Inner Court, including that of Tibetan Buddhism or Lamaism.",
"Buddhist iconography also proliferated in the interior decorations of many buildings.",
"Of these, the Pavilion of the Rain of Flowers is one of the most important.",
"It housed a large number of Buddhist statues, icons, and mandalas, placed in ritualistic arrangements."
] | [
0
] |
1960s | When did Warhol first show his work? | Andy Warhol | true | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"He began exhibiting his work during the 1950s.",
"He held exhibitions at the Hugo Gallery, and the Bodley Gallery in New York City and in California his first West Coast gallery exhibition was on July 9, 1962, in the Ferus Gallery of Los Angeles.",
"The exhibition marked his West Coast debut of pop art.",
"Andy Warhol's first New York solo pop art exhibition was hosted at Eleanor Ward's Stable Gallery November 6–24, 1962.",
"The exhibit included the works \"Marilyn Diptych\", \"100 Soup Cans\", \"100 Coke Bottles,\" and \"100 Dollar Bills\".",
"At the Stable Gallery exhibit, the artist met for the first time poet John Giorno who would star in Warhol's first film, \"Sleep\", in 1963.",
"It was during the 1960s that Warhol began to make paintings of iconic American objects such as dollar bills, mushroom clouds, electric chairs, Campbell's Soup Cans, Coca-Cola bottles, celebrities such as Marilyn Monroe, Elvis Presley, Marlon Brando, Troy Donahue, Muhammad Ali, and Elizabeth Taylor, as well as newspaper headlines or photographs of police dogs attacking civil rights protesters.",
"During these years, he founded his studio, \"The Factory\" and gathered about him a wide range of artists, writers, musicians, and underground celebrities.",
"His work became popular and controversial.",
"Warhol had this to say about Coca Cola:New York's Museum of Modern Art hosted a Symposium on pop art in December 1962 during which artists like Warhol were attacked for \"capitulating\" to consumerism.",
"Critics were scandalized by Warhol's open embrace of market culture.",
"This symposium set the tone for Warhol's reception.",
"Throughout the decade it became increasingly clear that there had been a profound change in the culture of the art world, and that Warhol was at the center of that shift.",
"A pivotal event was the 1964 exhibit \"The American Supermarket\", a show held in Paul Bianchini's Upper East Side gallery.",
"The show was presented as a typical U.S. small supermarket environment, except that everything in it—from the produce, canned goods, meat, posters on the wall, etc.—was created by six prominent pop artists of the time, among them the controversial (and like-minded) Billy Apple, Mary Inman, and Robert Watts.",
"Warhol's painting of a can of Campbell's soup cost $1,500 while each autographed can sold for $6.",
"The exhibit was one of the first mass events that directly confronted the general public with both pop art and the perennial question of what art is.",
"As an advertisement illustrator in the 1950s, Warhol used assistants to increase his productivity.",
"Collaboration would remain a defining (and controversial) aspect of his working methods throughout his career; this was particularly true in the 1960s.",
"One of the most important collaborators during this period was Gerard Malanga.",
"Malanga assisted the artist with the production of silkscreens, films, sculpture, and other works at \"The Factory,\" Warhol's aluminum foil-and-silver-paint-lined studio on 47th Street (later moved to Broadway).",
"Other members of Warhol's Factory crowd included Freddie Herko, Ondine, Ronald Tavel, Mary Woronov, Billy Name, and Brigid Berlin (from whom he apparently got the idea to tape-record his phone conversations).",
"During the 1960s, Warhol also groomed a retinue of bohemian and counterculture eccentrics upon whom he bestowed the designation \"Superstars\", including Nico, Joe Dallesandro, Edie Sedgwick, Viva, Ultra Violet, Holly Woodlawn, Jackie Curtis, and Candy Darling.",
"These people all participated in the Factory films, and some—like Berlin—remained friends with Warhol until his death.",
"Important figures in the New York underground art/cinema world, such as writer John Giorno and film-maker Jack Smith, also appear in Warhol films of the 1960s, revealing Warhol's connections to a diverse range of artistic scenes during this time."
] | [
2
] |
Religion | What exactly makes Jerusalem such a special place of importance for Mulims, Christians, and Jews alike? | Israel | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
8
] | [
"Israel and the Palestinian territories comprise the major part of the Holy Land, a region of significant importances to all Abrahamic religions – Jews, Christians, Muslims and Baha'is.",
"The religious affiliation of Israeli Jews varies widely: a social survey for those over the age of 20 indicates that 55% say they are \"traditional\", while 20% consider themselves \"secular Jews\", 17% define themselves as \"Religious Zionists\"; 8% define themselves as \"Haredi Jews\".",
"While the ultra-Orthodox, or Haredim, represented only 5% of Israel's population in 1990, they are expected to represent more than one-fifth of Israel's Jewish population by 2028.",
"Making up 16% of the population, Muslims constitute Israel's largest religious minority.",
"About 2% of the population are Christian and 1.5% are Druze.",
"The Christian population primarily comprises Palestinian Christians, but also includes post-Soviet immigrants and the Foreign Laborers of multinational origins and followers of Messianic Judaism, considered by most Christians and Jews to be a form of Christianity.",
"Members of many other religious groups, including Buddhists and Hindus, maintain a presence in Israel, albeit in small numbers.",
"Out of more than one million immigrants from the former Soviet Union in Israel, about 300,000 are considered not Jewish by the Orthodox rabbinate.",
"The city of Jerusalem is of special importance to Jews, Muslims and Christians as it is the home of sites that are pivotal to their religious beliefs, such as the Israeli-controlled Old City that incorporates the Western Wall and the Temple Mount, the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.",
"Other locations of religious importance in Israel are Nazareth (holy in Christianity as the site of the Annunciation of Mary), Tiberias and Safed (two of the Four Holy Cities in Judaism), the White Mosque in Ramla (holy in Islam as the shrine of the prophet Saleh), and the Church of Saint George in Lod (holy in Christianity and Islam as the tomb of Saint George or Al Khidr).",
"A number of other religious landmarks are located in the West Bank, among them Joseph's tomb in Shechem, the birthplace of Jesus and Rachel's Tomb in Bethlehem, and the Cave of the Patriarchs in Hebron.",
"The administrative center of the Bahá'í Faith and the Shrine of the Báb are located at the Bahá'í World Centre in Haifa and the leader of the faith is buried in Acre.",
"Apart from maintenance staff, there is no Bahá'í community in Israel, although it is a destination for pilgrimages.",
"Bahá'í staff in Israel do not teach their faith to Israelis following strict policy."
] | [
0
] |
Counter puncher | What is an advantage of counter hitting? | Boxing | false | 4SPORT
| [
11
] | [
"Counter punchers are slippery, defensive style fighters who often rely on their opponent's mistakes in order to gain the advantage, whether it be on the score cards or more preferably a knockout.",
"They use their well-rounded defense to avoid or block shots and then immediately catch the opponent off guard with a well placed and timed punch.",
"A fight with a skilled counter-puncher can turn into a war of attrition, where each shot landed is a battle in itself.",
"Thus, fighting against counter punchers requires constant feinting and the ability to avoid telegraphing ones attacks.",
"To be truly successful using this style they must have good reflexes, a high level of prediction and awareness, pinpoint accuracy and speed, both in striking and in footwork.",
"Notable counter punchers include Vitali Klitschko, Floyd Mayweather, Jr., Evander Holyfield, Max Schmeling, Chris Byrd, Jim Corbett, Jack Johnson, Bernard Hopkins, Laszlo Papp, Jerry Quarry, Anselmo Moreno, James Toney, Marvin Hagler, Juan Manuel Márquez, Humberto Soto, Roger Mayweather, Pernell Whitaker and Sergio Gabriel Martinez.",
"Counter punchers usually wear their opponents down by causing them to miss their punches.",
"The more the opponent misses, the faster they'll tire, and the psychological effects of being unable to land a hit will start to sink in.",
"The counter puncher often tries to outplay their opponent entirely, not just in a physical sense, but also in a mental and emotional sense.",
"This style can be incredibly difficult, especially against seasoned fighters, but winning a fight without getting hit is often worth the pay-off.",
"They usually try to stay away from the center of the ring, in order to outmaneuver and chip away at their opponents.",
"A large advantage in counter-hitting is the forward momentum of the attacker, which drives them further into your return strike.",
"As such, knockouts are more common than one would expect from a defensive style."
] | [
0
] |
Cast | Who played Joshua in the movie Life is Beautiful? | Life Is Beautiful | true | 6MOVIES
| [
2
] | [
" Roberto Benigni as Guido Orefice",
" Nicoletta Braschi as Dora",
" Giorgio Cantarini as Joshua",
" Giustino Durano as Uncle Eliseo",
" Horst Buchholz as Doctor Lessing",
" Marisa Paredes as Dora's mother",
" Sergio Bustric as Ferruccio",
" Amerigo Fontani as Rodolfo"
] | [
3
] |
Interior | How many chambers are in the Lincoln memorial? | Lincoln Memorial | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"The area where the statue stands is 60 feet wide, 74 feet long, and 60 feet high.",
"The interior of the Memorial is divided into three chambers by two rows of Ionic columns.",
"These columns, four in each row, are tall and in diameter at their base.",
"The north and south side chambers contain carved inscriptions of Lincoln's second inaugural address and his Gettysburg Address.",
"Bordering these inscriptions are pilasters ornamented with fasces, eagles, and wreaths.",
"The inscriptions and adjoining ornamentation were done by Evelyn Beatrice Longman.",
"The Memorial is filled with symbolism: the 36 columns represent the states in the union at the time of Lincoln's death, the 48 stone festoons on the attic above the columns represent the 48 states in 1922.",
"Above each of the inscriptions is a mural painted by Jules Guerin graphically portraying governing principles evident in Lincoln's life.",
"On the south wall mural, Freedom, Liberty, Immortality, Justice, and the Law are pictured, while the north wall portrays Unity, Fraternity, and Charity.",
"Both scenes contain a background of cypress trees, the emblem of Eternity.",
"The murals were crafted with a special mixture of paint which included elements of kerosene and wax to protect the exposed artwork from fluctuations in temperature and moisture conditions.",
"The ceiling of the Memorial, above the floor, is composed of bronze girders, ornamented with laurel and oak leaves.",
"Between the girders are panels of Alabama marble, saturated with paraffin to increase their translucency.",
"Despite the increased light from this device, Bacon and French felt the statue required even more light.",
"They decided upon an artificial lighting system in which a louvered lighting panel would be set in the ceiling with metal slats to conceal the great floodlights.",
"Custodians could adjust the lights from a control room, varying them according to the outside light.",
"Funds for this expensive system were appropriated by Congress in 1926, and in 1929, seven years after the dedication, the statue was properly lighted.",
"Since that time, only one major alteration has taken place in the Memorial's design.",
"This was the addition of an elevator within the structure to aid handicapped visitors, which was installed in the mid-1970s."
] | [
5
] |
Recurring cast | Who portrays Father Michael? | The New Normal (TV series) | true | 1TV
| [
7
] | [
" Jackie Hoffman as Frances, David's mother",
" Barry Bostwick as Marty, David's father",
" Mary Kay Place as Colleen, Bryan's mother",
" Marlo Thomas as Nancy Niles, Jane's boss",
" Cheri Oteri as Carla, Bryan and David's baby consultant",
" John Stamos as Brice, Jane's love interest and co-worker at Niles and Windsor Realtors",
" Michael Hitchcock as Gary, the head of the surrogacy firm",
" John Benjamin Hickey as Father Michael",
"Sterling Sulieman as Clint, Rocky's brother"
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | How many people work at the Disneyland Resort? | Disneyland | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
11
] | [
"Disneyland Park, originally Disneyland, is the first of two theme parks built at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California, opened on July 17, 1955.",
"It is the only theme park designed and built under the direct supervision of Walt Disney.",
"It was originally the only attraction on the property; its name was changed to Disneyland Park to distinguish it from the expanding complex in the 1990s.",
"Walt Disney came up with the concept of Disneyland after visiting various amusement parks with his daughters in the 1930s and 1940s.",
"He initially envisioned building a tourist attraction adjacent to his studios in Burbank to entertain fans who wished to visit; however, he soon realized that the proposed site was too small.",
"After hiring a consultant to help him determine an appropriate site for his project, Walt bought a site near Anaheim in 1953.",
"Construction began in 1954 and the park was unveiled during a special televised press event on the ABC Television Network on July 17, 1955.",
"Since its opening, Disneyland has undergone a number of expansions and renovations, including the addition of New Orleans Square in 1966, Bear Country (now Critter Country) in 1972, and Mickey's Toontown in 1993.",
"Disney California Adventure Park was built on the site of Disneyland's original parking lot and opened in 2001.",
"Disneyland has a larger cumulative attendance than any other theme park in the world, with over 650 million guests since it opened.",
"In 2011, the park hosted approximately 16.14 million guests, making it the second most visited park in the world that calendar year.",
"According to a March 2005 report from the Disney Company, there are 65,700 jobs supported by the Disneyland Resort, which includes, at the Resort itself, 20,000 direct Disney employees and 3,800 third-party employees (that is, independent contractors or their employees)."
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | What does bibimbap mean? | Bibimbap | true | 9FOOD
| [
1
] | [
"Bibimbap (비빔밥, , sometimes anglicized bi bim bap or bi bim bop) is a signature Korean dish.",
"The word literally means \"mixed rice\".",
"\"Bibimbap\" is served as a bowl of warm white rice topped with \"namul\" (sautéed and seasoned vegetables) and \"gochujang\" (chili pepper paste).",
"A raw or fried egg and sliced meat (usually beef) are common additions.",
"The ingredients are stirred together thoroughly just before eating.",
"It is best served hot.",
"In Korea, Jeonju, Jinju, and Tongyeong are especially famous for their versions of bibimbap.",
"In 2011, it was listed at number 40 on the \"World's 50 most delicious foods\" readers' poll compiled by CNN Travel."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What is the definition of a person swimming? | Human swimming | true | 4SPORT
| [
0
] | [
"Human swimming is the self propulsion of a person through water or other liquid, for survival, recreation, sport, exercise or other reason.",
"Locomotion is achieved through coordinated movement of the limbs, the body, or both.",
"Humans are able to hold their breath underwater and undertake rudimentary locomotive swimming within weeks of birth, as an evolutionary response.",
"Swimming is consistently found to be among the top recreational activities undertaken by the public, and in some countries, swimming lessons are a compulsory part of the educational curriculum.",
"As a formalized sport, swimming features in a range of local, national and international competitions, including featuring in every modern summer Olympics."
] | [
0
] |
Initial reactions | What was the most important condition of the offer? | Marshall Plan | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"While the Soviet ambassador in Washington suspected that the Marshall Plan could lead to the creation of an anti-Soviet bloc, Stalin was open to the offer.",
"He directed that—in negotiations to be held in Paris regarding the aid—countries in the Eastern Bloc should not reject economic conditions being placed upon them.",
"Stalin only changed his outlook when he learned that (a) credit would only be extended under conditions of economic cooperation and,(b) aid would also be extended to Germany in total, an eventuality which Stalin thought would hamper the Soviets' ability to exercise influence in western Germany.",
"Initially, Stalin maneuvered to kill the Plan, or at least hamper it by means of destructive participation in the Paris talks regarding conditions.",
"He quickly realized, however, that this would be impossible after Molotov reported—following his arrival in Paris in July 1947—that conditions for the credit were non-negotiable.",
"Looming as just as large a concern was the Czechoslovak eagerness to accept the aid, as well as indications of a similar Polish attitude.",
"Stalin suspected a possibility that these Eastern Bloc countries might defy Soviet directives not to accept the aid, potentially causing a loss of control of the Eastern Bloc.",
"In addition, the most important condition was that every country choosing to take advantage of the plan would need to have its economic situation independently assessed—a level of scrutiny to which the Soviets could not agree.",
"Bevin and Bidault also insisted that any aid be accompanied by the creation of a unified European economy, something incompatible with the strict Soviet command economy."
] | [
0
] |
American nurses | What was the name of the first female nurse to be killed by gunfire? | Vietnam War | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
8
] | [
"Women in the Vietnam War.",
"American nurses.",
"During the Vietnam War, American women served on active duty doing a variety of jobs.",
"Early in 1963, the Army Nurse Corps (ANC) launched Operation Nightingale, an intensive effort to recruit nurses to serve in Vietnam.",
"Most nurses who volunteered to serve in Vietnam came from predominantly working or middle-class families with histories of military service.",
"The majority of these women were white Catholics and Protestants.",
"Because the need for medical aid was great, many nurses underwent a concentrated four-month training program before being deployed to Vietnam in the ANC.",
"Due to the shortage of staff, nurses usually worked twelve-hour shifts, six days per week and often suffered from exhaustion.",
"First Lieutenant Sharon Lane was the only female military nurse to be killed by enemy gunfire during the war, on 8 June 1969.",
"At the start of the Vietnam War, it was commonly thought that American women had no place in the military.",
"Their traditional place had been in the domestic sphere, but with the war came opportunity for the expansion of gender roles.",
"In Vietnam, women held a variety of jobs which included operating complex data processing equipment and serving as stenographers.",
"Although a small number of women were assigned to combat zones, they were never allowed directly in the field of battle.",
"The women who served in the military were solely volunteers.",
"They faced a plethora of challenges, one of which was the relatively small number of female soldiers.",
"Living in a male-dominated environment created tensions between the sexes.",
"While this high male to female ratio was often uncomfortable for women, many men reported that having women in the field with them boosted their morale.",
"Although this was not the women's purpose, it was one positive result of the their service.",
"By 1973, approximately 7,500 women had served in Vietnam in the Southeast Asian theater.",
"In that same year, the military lifted the prohibition on women entering the armed forces.",
"American women serving in Vietnam were subject to societal stereotypes.",
"Many Americans either considered females serving in Vietnam masculine for living under the army discipline, or judged them to be women of questionable moral character who enlisted for the sole purpose of seducing men.",
"To address this problem, the ANC released advertisements portraying women in the ANC as \"proper, professional and well protected.\"",
"(26) This effort to highlight the positive aspects of a nursing career reflected the ideas of second-wave feminism that occurred during the 1960s–1970s in the United States.",
"Although female military nurses lived in a heavily male environment, very few cases of sexual harassment were ever reported.",
"In 2008, by contrast, approximately one-third of women in the military felt that they had been sexually harassed compared with one-third of men."
] | [
0
] |
Plot | How old is Suzy Bishop from "Moonrise Kingdom" and where and with whom does she live? | Moonrise Kingdom | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"In September 1965, on a New England island called New Penzance, 12-year-old orphan Sam Shakusky is attending a Khaki Scout summer camp, Camp Ivanhoe, led by Scoutmaster Randy Ward.",
"Suzy Bishop, also 12, lives on the island with her parents, Walt and Lauraboth attorneysand her three younger brothers in a house called Summer's End.",
"Sam and Suzy, both introverted, intelligent, and mature for their age, met in the summer of 1964 during a church performance of \"Noye's Fludde\" and have been pen pals since then.",
"Having fallen in love over the course of their correspondence, they have made a secret pact to reunite and run away together.",
"Sam brings camping equipment, and Suzy brings her binoculars, six books, her cat, and her brother's battery-powered record player.",
"They hike, camp, and fish together in the wilderness with the goal of reaching a secluded cove on the island.",
"They are confronted by a group of Khaki Scouts who try to capture them, and during the resulting altercation Suzy injures one of the Scouts with scissors and Camp Ivanhoe's dog is killed by a stray shot from a bow and arrow wielded by one of the Scouts.",
"The Scouts flee, and Sam and Suzy hike to the cove, which they name Moonrise Kingdom.",
"They set up camp, and go swimming.",
"Later, while drying off, they begin dancing to Françoise Hardy in their underwear.",
"As the romantic tension between them grows, they kiss repeatedly.",
"Suzy's parents, Scoutmaster Ward, the Scouts from Camp Ivanhoe, and Island Police Captain Duffy Sharp find Sam and Suzy in their tent at the cove.",
"Suzy's parents take her home and when Sharp contacts the foster parents he is told that they no longer wish to house Sam.",
"He stays with Sharp while they await the arrival of \"Social Services\"an otherwise nameless woman with plans to place Sam in a \"juvenile refuge\" and to explore the possibility of treating him with electroshock therapy.",
"The Camp Ivanhoe Scouts have a change of heart and decide to help the couple.",
"Together, they paddle to neighboring St. Jack Wood Island to seek out the help of Cousin Ben, an older relative of one of the Scouts.",
"Ben works at Fort Lebanon, a larger Khaki Scout summer camp located on St. Jack Wood Island and run by Commander Pierce, who is Ward's boss and views Ward as incompetent.",
"Ben decides that the best available option is to try to get Sam and Suzy aboard a crabbing boat anchored off the island so that Sam can work as a crewman and avoid Social Services, but before leaving he performs a \"wedding\" ceremony, which he admits is not legally binding.",
"Sam and Suzy never make it onto the crabbing boat, and instead are pursued by Suzy's parents, Captain Sharp, Social Services, and the Scouts of Fort Lebanon under the command of Scoutmaster Ward, who displays great leadership after Commander Pierce is incapacitated.",
"A violent hurricane and flash flood strike only three days after Sam and Suzy first ran away from home and, after many twists and turns, Sharp apprehends Sam and Suzy on the steeple of the church in which they first met.",
"The steeple is destroyed by lightning, but everyone survives.",
"During the storm, Sharp decides to become Sam's legal guardian, thus saving Sam from the orphanage, as well as allowing him to remain on New Penzance Island and maintain contact with Suzy.",
"At Summer's End, Sam is painting a landscape of Moonrise Kingdom.",
"Suzy and her brothers are called to dinner.",
"Sam tells Suzy, \"See you tomorrow\", and slips out through the window to join Sharp in his patrol car."
] | [
4,
5
] |
Special-purpose cakes | What typesw of cakes are associated with Christmas? | Cake | true | 9FOOD
| [
5
] | [
"Cakes may be classified according to the occasion for which they are intended.",
"For example, wedding cakes, birthday cakes, cakes for first communion, Christmas cakes, Halloween cakes and Passover plava (a type of sponge cake sometimes made with matzo meal) are all identified primarily according to the celebration they are intended to accompany.",
"The cutting of a wedding cake constitutes a social ceremony in some cultures.",
"The Ancient Roman marriage ritual of \"confarreatio\" originated in the sharing of a cake.",
"Particular types of cake may be associated with particular festivals, such as stollen or chocolate log (at Christmas), babka and simnel cake (at Easter), or mooncake.",
"There has been a long tradition of decorating an iced cake at Christmas time; other cakes associated with Christmas include chocolate log and mince pies."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What was the release date in France for This is Not a Film? | This Is Not a Film | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"This Is Not a Film () is an Iranian documentary film by Jafar Panahi and Mojtaba Mirtahmasb.",
"It was released on 28 September 2011 in France, distributed by Kanibal Films Distribution.",
"The film was smuggled from Iran to Cannes in a flash drive hidden inside a birthday cake.",
"It was specially screened at the 2011 Cannes Film Festival and later at the New York Film Festival, and others.",
"It also took part in the International Competition of the 27th Warsaw International Film Festival."
] | [
0
] |
Music | Wat did Roger Ebert say in All is Lost | All Is Lost | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"The film score to \"All Is Lost\" is composed by Edward Sharpe and the Magnetic Zeros’ frontman Alex Ebert, who signed on to the film in November 2012.",
"Speaking of the experience of working on the film, Ebert said, \"This project was a dream—an open space to play in but also space to listen to the elements—wind, water, rain, sun, are the story's other characters to me.",
"I knew I had quite a task ahead of me: to at once allow the elements to sing and to give Redford a voice with which to, once in a while, respond.\"",
"The \"extra features\" of the Blu-ray Disc explicate on the unique development of the sound track, music, script and other production considerations.",
"A soundtrack album featuring ten original compositions and one new song all written, composed, and produced by Ebert was released on October 1, 2013 by Community Music.",
"On September 12, 2013, the song \"Amen\" from the soundtrack was made available for streaming."
] | [] |
Energy | What are the roles that molecules play of chemical substances of food? | Biology | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
2
] | [
"The survival of a living organism depends on the continuous input of energy.",
"Chemical reactions that are responsible for its structure and function are tuned to extract energy from substances that act as its food and transform them to help form new cells and sustain them.",
"In this process, molecules of chemical substances that constitute food play two roles; first, they contain energy that can be transformed for biological chemical reactions; second, they develop new molecular structures made up of biomolecules.",
"The organisms responsible for the introduction of energy into an ecosystem are known as producers or autotrophs.",
"Nearly all of these organisms originally draw energy from the sun.",
"Plants and other phototrophs use solar energy via a process known as photosynthesis to convert raw materials into organic molecules, such as ATP, whose bonds can be broken to release energy.",
"A few ecosystems, however, depend entirely on energy extracted by chemotrophs from methane, sulfides, or other non-luminal energy sources.",
"Some of the captured energy is used to produce biomass to sustain life and provide energy for growth and development.",
"The majority of the rest of this energy is lost as heat and waste molecules.",
"The most important processes for converting the energy trapped in chemical substances into energy useful to sustain life are metabolism and cellular respiration."
] | [
0
] |
Casting | Did ABC Give a reason to the change in who would play the role? | Private Practice (TV series) | false | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"On , it was announced by ABC that Merrin Dungey, who played the role of Naomi Bennett, would be replaced by four time Tony winner Audra McDonald.",
"ABC gave no reason for this change.",
"On , it was announced that a new character, played by KaDee Strickland, had been added to the main cast.",
"Tony Award Winner Idina Menzel appeared in two episodes during the second season.",
"Menzel was married to \"Private Practice\" star Taye Diggs.",
"David Sutcliffe, Jayne Brook, and Josh Hopkins also appeared in \"Private Practice\"."
] | [
3
] |
Critical reaction | What year was the film Rio Bravo made? | The Avengers (2012 film) | false | 6MOVIES
| [
23
] | [
"Critical reaction.",
"Todd McCarthy of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" gave a positive review of the film, remarking, \"It's clamorous, the save-the-world story is one everyone's seen time and again, and the characters have been around for more than half a century in 500 comic book issues.",
"But Whedon and his cohorts have managed to stir all the personalities and ingredients together so that the resulting dish, however familiar, is irresistibly tasty again.\"",
"To \"Rolling Stone\" journalist Peter Travers, the film epitomized an exceptional blockbuster.",
"\"It's also the blockbuster,\" Travers said, \"I saw in my head when I imagined a movie that brought together the idols of the Marvel world in one shiny, stupendously exciting package.",
"It's \"Transformers\" with a brain, a heart and a working sense of humor.\"",
"Justin Chang of \"Variety\" wrote, \"Like a superior, state-of-the-art model built from reconstituted parts, Joss Whedon's buoyant, witty and robustly entertaining superhero smash-up is escapism of a sophisticated order, boasting a tonal assurance and rich reserves of humor that offset the potentially lumbering and unavoidably formulaic aspects of this 143-minute team-origin story.\"",
"Kenneth Turan of the \"Los Angeles Times\" complimented the film's frenetic pace, while Roger Ebert of the \"Chicago Sun-Times\" commented that it \"provides its fans with exactly what they desire.",
"Whether it is exactly what they deserve is arguable\".",
"Conversely, A. O. Scott of \"The New York Times\" believed that \"while \"The Avengers\" is hardly worth raging about, its failures are significant and dispiriting.",
"The light, amusing bits cannot overcome the grinding, hectic emptiness, the bloated cynicism that is less a shortcoming of this particular film than a feature of the genre.",
"\"The performances of several cast members was a frequent topic in the critiques.",
"In particular, Mark Ruffalo's portrayal of Dr. Bruce Banner/the Hulk was well-received by commentators.",
"Joe Neumaier opined that his performance was superior to the rest of the cast; \"Ruffalo is the revelation, turning Banner into a wry reservoir of calm ready to become a volcano.\"",
"Similarly, \"The New Yorker\" Anthony Lane proclaimed Ruffalo's acting to be one of the film's highlights—alongside Downey.",
"\"The Village Voice\" Karina Longworth concluded: \"Ruffalo successfully refreshes the Hulk myth, playing Banner as an adorably bashful nerd-genius who, in contrast to the preening hunks on the team, knows better than to draw attention to himself.\"",
"Travers asserted that the actor resonated a \"scruffy warmth and humor\" vibe, while Turan felt that he surpassed predecessors Edward Norton and Eric Bana in playing the character.",
"Owen Gleiberman of \"Entertainment Weekly\" wrote that \"the smartest thing the filmmakers did was to get Mark Ruffalo to play Bruce Banner as a man so sensitive that he's at war, every moment, with himself.",
"(The film finally solves the Hulk problem: He's a lot more fun in small doses.",
")\"Referring to Downey, Joe Morgenstein of \"The Wall Street Journal\"—despite complimenting Downey's performance—favored his work in \"Iron Man\" over his acting in \"The Avengers\": \"His Iron Man is certainly a team player, but Mr. Downey comes to the party with two insuperable superpowers: a character of established sophistication—the industrialist/inventor Tony Stark, a sharp-tongued man of the world—and his own quicksilver presence that finds its finest expression in self-irony.\"",
"Neumaier praised Evans, stating that he accurately conveyed his character's internal conflicts.",
"Commentators appreciated the character development and dialogue.",
"Associated Press reviewer Christy Lemire wrote that the script \"sparkles as brightly as the special effects; these people may be wearing ridiculous costumes but they're well fleshed-out underneath.\"",
"Scott suggested that certain parts of the film permeated a charm that he felt was similar to the western film \"Rio Bravo\" (1959).",
"Longworth felt that while Whedon's script demonstrated the backstory of the characters, the film does not explore it \"in a substantive way\"."
] | [
0
] |
SeaWorld response | Who were the recipients of the letters from the Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project? | Blackfish (film) | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"SeaWorld Entertainment refused to take part in the production of \"Blackfish\", and later claimed the film was inaccurate, saying in a statement:SeaWorld responded further with an open letter rebutting the claims.",
"The Oceanic Preservation Society and The Orca Project, a non-profit focusing on orca in captivity, responded with open letters criticizing SeaWorld's claims.",
"Marine researcher Debbie Giles also offered rebuttals to SeaWorld, finding its assertions inaccurate.",
"SeaWorld also created a section of its website titled \"Truth About Blackfish,\" addressing the claims stated above and highlighting other problems with the film:",
"The implication that SeaWorld separates mothers and very young calves, pointing out that Tillikum was not collected by SeaWorld; that Takara was 12 years old when moved and Kalina was moved when she was over 4 years old.",
"The inclusion of a SeaWorld video of a female trainer riding a killer whale, while one of the cast members, Samantha Berg, talks about her experience at Shamu Stadium, pointing out that the segment implies that Berg had relevant experience when the video used in the film was actually shot 10 years \"after\" Berg had left SeaWorld (The trainer depicted in the video is not Berg but rather a current SeaWorld employee at the time of \"Blackfish\"'s production).",
"The film's use of animal rights activists who have aggressively campaigned against marine mammal display and have no expertise with killer whale behavior in captivity, specifically Howard Garrett, Lori Marino and Ken Balcomb; the film's reliance on statements by David Duffus, a professor of geography whom Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s (OSHA) Judge Kenneth Welsch found \"has no expertise in the training of captive killer whales.\"",
"The film's use of false and misleading statements about the circumstances of Brancheau’s death, specifically the opening sequence's separate generic training and performance footage edited together and synched with actual 911 calls, \"to mislead the audience into believing it is viewing the actual footage of Ms. Brancheau swimming with Tilikum prior to the fatal incident,\" when the opening sequence does not depict either Brancheau or Tilikum, or even an attack, and that no one was ever allowed to swim in the water with Tilikum, including Brancheau; and the use of an edited recording of an EMT technician, subsequently proved to be mistaken, suggesting that Tilikum swallowed Brancheau’s arm during the attack.",
"On February 27, 2014, SeaWorld filed a complaint with the U.S. Department of Labor, claiming the Occupational Safety and Health Administration investigator who investigated Brancheau's death had behaved unethically by aiding the filmmakers.",
"Cowperthwaite denied claims of improper collaboration.",
"In March 2014, Cowperthwaite responded with rebuttals to several but not all of SeaWorld's website claims and challenged SeaWorld to a public debate."
] | [
3
] |
The Exclusion Zone | What is the human population of the Exclusion Zone? | Chernobyl disaster | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
1
] | [
"An area originally extending in all directions from the plant is officially called the \"zone of alienation\".",
"It is largely uninhabited, except for about 300 residents who have refused to leave.",
"The area has largely reverted to forest, and has been overrun by wildlife because of a lack of competition with humans for space and resources.",
"Even today, radiation levels are so high that the workers responsible for rebuilding the sarcophagus are only allowed to work five hours a day for one month before taking 15 days of rest.",
"Ukrainian officials estimate the area will not be safe for human life again for another 20,000 years.",
"In 2011 Ukraine opened up the sealed zone around the Chernobyl reactor to tourists who wish to learn more about the tragedy that occurred in 1986."
] | [
0
] |
Architecture | since 1991, how many orthodox churches have been rebuilt? | Russia | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
14
] | [
"Since the Christianization of Kievan Rus' for several ages Russian architecture was influenced predominantly by the Byzantine architecture.",
"Apart from fortifications (kremlins), the main stone buildings of ancient Rus' were Orthodox churches with their many domes, often gilded or brightly painted.",
"Aristotle Fioravanti and other Italian architects brought Renaissance trends into Russia since the late 15th century, while the 16th century saw the development of unique tent-like churches culminating in Saint Basil's Cathedral.",
"By that time the onion dome design was also fully developed.",
"In the 17th century, the \"fiery style\" of ornamentation flourished in Moscow and Yaroslavl, gradually paving the way for the Naryshkin baroque of the 1690s.",
"After the reforms of Peter the Great the change of architectural styles in Russia generally followed that in the Western Europe.",
"The 18th-century taste for rococo architecture led to the ornate works of Bartolomeo Rastrelli and his followers.",
"The reigns of Catherine the Great and her grandson Alexander I saw the flourishing of Neoclassical architecture, most notably in the capital city of Saint Petersburg.",
"The second half of the 19th century was dominated by the Neo-Byzantine and Russian Revival styles.",
"Prevalent styles of the 20th century were the Art Nouveau, Constructivism, and the Stalin Empire style.",
"In 1955, a new Soviet leader, Nikita Khrushchev, condemned the \"excesses\" of the former academic architecture, and the late Soviet era was dominated by plain functionalism in architecture.",
"This helped somewhat to resolve the housing problem, but created a large quantity of buildings of low architectural quality, much in contrast with the previous bright styles.",
"The situation improved in the recent two decades.",
"Many temples demolished in Soviet times were rebuilt, and this process continues along with the restoration of various historical buildings destroyed in World War II.",
"A total of 23,000 Orthodox churches have been rebuilt between 1991 and 2010, which effectively quadrapled the number of operating churches in Russia."
] | [
5
] |
"Joey" | What year did the series finale of "Friends" take place? | Friends | false | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"Spin-offs.",
"After the series finale in 2004, LeBlanc signed on for the spin-off series, \"Joey\", following Joey's move to Los Angeles to pursue his acting career.",
"Kauffman and Crane were not interested in the spin-off, although Bright agreed to executive produce the series with Scott Silveri and Shana Goldberg-Meehan.",
"NBC heavily promoted \"Joey\" and gave it \"Friends\"' Thursday 8:00 pm timeslot.",
"The pilot was watched by 18.60 million American viewers, but ratings continually decreased throughout the series' two seasons, averaging 10.20 million viewers in the first season and 7.10 million in the second.",
"The final broadcast episode on March 7, 2006 was watched by 7.09 million viewers; NBC cancelled the series on May 15, 2006 after two seasons.",
"Bright blamed the collaboration between NBC executives, the studio and other producers for quickly ruining the series:"
] | [
0
] |
Western politics and society | When did Quigley's role end? | Astrology | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
7
] | [
"Cultural impact.",
"Western politics and society.",
"In the West, political leaders have sometimes consulted astrologers.",
"Louis de Wohl worked as an astrologer for the British intelligence agency MI5, after it was claimed that Hitler used astrology to time his actions.",
"The War Office was \"interested to know what Hitler's own astrologers would be telling him from week to week\".",
"In fact, de Wohl's predictions were so inaccurate that he was soon labelled a \"complete charlatan\" and it was later shown that Hitler considered astrology to be \"complete nonsense\".",
"After John Hinckley's attempted assassination of U.S. President Ronald Reagan, first lady Nancy Reagan commissioned astrologer Joan Quigley to act as the secret White House astrologer.",
"However, Quigley's role ended in 1988 when it became public through the memoirs of former chief of staff, Donald Regan.",
"There was a boom in interest in astrology in the late 1960s.",
"The sociologist Marcello Truzzi described three levels of involvement of \"Astrology-believers\" to account for its revived popularity in the face of scientific discrediting.",
"He found that most astrology-believers did not claim it was a scientific explanation with predictive power.",
"Instead, those superficially involved, knowing \"next to nothing\" about astrology's 'mechanics', read newspaper astrology columns, and could benefit from \"tension-management of anxieties\" and \"a cognitive belief-system that transcends science\".",
"Those at the second level usually had their horoscopes cast and sought advice and predictions.",
"They were much younger than those at the first level, and could benefit from knowledge of the language of astrology and the resulting ability to belong to a coherent and exclusive group.",
"Those at the third level were highly involved and usually cast horoscopes for themselves.",
"Astrology provided this small minority of astrology-believers with a \"\"meaningful\" view of their universe and them an \"understanding\" of their place in it.\"",
"This third group took astrology seriously, possibly as a \"sacred canopy\", whereas the other two groups took it playfully and irreverently.",
"In 1953, sociologist Theodor W. Adorno conducted a study of the astrology column of a Los Angeles newspaper as part of a project examining mass culture in capitalist society.",
"Adorno believed that popular astrology, as a device, invariably led to statements which encouraged conformity, and that astrologers who went against conformity with statement discouraging performance at work etc.",
"would risk losing their jobs.",
"Adorno concluded that astrology was a large-scale manifestation of systematic irrationalism, where individuals were subtly being led to believe that the author of the column was addressing them directly through the use of flattery and vague generalisations.",
"Adorno drew a parallel with the phrase opium of the people, by Karl Marx, by commenting \"occultism is the metaphysic of the dopes\".",
"A 2005 Gallup poll and a 2009 survey by the Pew Research Center reported that 25% of U.S. adults believe in astrology."
] | [
2
] |
Law, law enforcement, and judicial system | The prisons were closed in which locations? | Sweden | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
13
] | [
"The Supreme Court of Sweden is the third and final instance in all civil and criminal cases in Sweden.",
"Before a case can be decided by the Supreme Court, leave to appeal must be obtained, and with few exceptions, leave to appeal can be granted only when the case is of interest as a precedent.",
"The Supreme Court consists of 16 Councillors of Justice, or \"justitieråd\", which are appointed by the government, but the court as an institution is independent of the Riksdag, and the government is not able to interfere with the decisions of the court.",
"The law is enforced in Sweden by several government entities.",
"The Swedish Police Service is a Government agency concerned with police matters.",
"The National Task Force is a national SWAT unit within the National Criminal Investigation Department.",
"The Swedish Security Service's responsibilities are counter-espionage, anti-terrorist activities, protection of the constitution and protection of sensitive objects and people.",
"According to a victimization survey of 1,201 residents in 2005, Sweden has above-average crime rates compared to other EU countries.",
"Sweden has high or above-average levels of assaults, sexual assaults, hate crimes, and consumer fraud.",
"Sweden has low levels of burglary, car theft and drug problems.",
"Bribe seeking is rare.",
"A mid-November 2013 news report announced that four prisons in Sweden were closed during the year due to a significant drop in the number of inmates.",
"The decrease in the number of Swedish prisoners was considered \"out-of-the-ordinary\" by the head of Sweden's prison and probation services, with prison numbers in Sweden falling by around 1% a year since 2004.",
"Prisons were closed in the towns of Åby, Håja, Båtshagen, and Kristianstad."
] | [] |
Abstract | When did Abraham Lincoln die? | Assassination of Abraham Lincoln | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
6,
7
] | [
"United States President Abraham Lincoln was shot on Good Friday, April 14, 1865, while attending the play \"Our American Cousin\" at Ford's Theatre as the American Civil War was drawing to a close.",
"The assassination occurred five days after the commander of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia, General Robert E. Lee, surrendered to Lieutenant General Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Army of the Potomac, ending the American Civil War.",
"Lincoln was the first American president to be assassinated, though an unsuccessful attempt had been made on Andrew Jackson 30 years before in 1835.",
"The assassination of Lincoln was planned and carried out by the well-known stage actor John Wilkes Booth, as part of a larger conspiracy in a bid to revive the Confederate cause.",
"Booth's co-conspirators were Lewis Powell and David Herold, who were assigned to kill Secretary of State William H. Seward, and George Atzerodt who was to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson.",
"By simultaneously eliminating the top three people in the administration, Booth and his co-conspirators hoped to sever the continuity of the United States government.",
"Lincoln was shot while watching the play \"Our American Cousin\" with his wife Mary Todd Lincoln at Ford's Theatre in Washington, D.C..",
"He died early the next morning.",
"The rest of the conspirators' plot failed; Powell only managed to wound Seward, while Atzerodt, Johnson's would-be assassin, lost his nerve and fled to Washington."
] | [
2
] |
United Kingdom | What are common filling options for donuts? | Doughnut | false | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
"In some parts of Scotland, ring doughnuts are referred to as \"doughrings\", with the 'doughnut' moniker being reserved exclusively for the nut-shaped variety.",
"Glazed, twisted rope-shaped doughnuts are known as \"yum-yums\".",
"It is also possible to buy fudge doughnuts in certain regions of Scotland.",
"Also known as doughnoughts, referring to the 'zero' shape or 'nought', being supplied in bakeries and supermarkets.",
"Fillings include jam, custard, cream, sweet mincemeat, chocolate and apple.",
"Common ring toppings are sprinkle-iced and chocolate.",
"In Northern Ireland, ring doughnuts are known as 'gravy rings', gravy being an archaic term for hot cooking oil."
] | [
0
] |
Objections over the unattributed use of recordings of 9/11 victims | In who's name did her family make a charitable donation? | Zero Dark Thirty | true | 6MOVIES
| [
2
] | [
"According to the relatives of Betty Ong, a flight attendant on a hijacked American Airlines plane, a clip from her call to headquarters was used in the beginning of the film without attribution.",
"They demanded that, if the film won any awards, the filmmakers apologize at the Academy Awards ceremony for using the clip without getting her heirs' consent.",
"Her family also asked that the film's U.S. distributors make a charitable donation in Ong's name, and should go on record that the Ong family does not endorse the use of torture.",
"The end of the film already includes a statement paying tribute to the victims and the families of the 9/11 attacks, and the film producers have already contributed to the memorial and museum being built at Ground Zero.",
"Mary and Frank Fetchet, parents of Brad Fetchet, who worked on the 89th floor of the World Trade Center's south tower, criticized the filmmakers for using a recording of their son's voicemail without permission.",
"The recording has previously been heard in broadcast TV news reports and in testimony for the 9/11 Commission."
] | [
3
] |
Healthcare | Where does The U.K. rank in provision of healthcare according to the WHO in the year 2000? | United Kingdom | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"Healthcare in the United Kingdom is a devolved matter and each country has its own system of private and publicly funded health care, together with alternative, holistic and complementary treatments.",
"Public healthcare is provided to all UK permanent residents and is mostly free at the point of need, being paid for from general taxation.",
"The World Health Organization, in 2000, ranked the provision of healthcare in the United Kingdom as fifteenth best in Europe and eighteenth in the world.",
"Regulatory bodies are organised on a UK-wide basis such as the General Medical Council, the Nursing and Midwifery Council and non-governmental-based, such as the Royal Colleges.",
"However, political and operational responsibility for healthcare lies with four national executives; healthcare in England is the responsibility of the UK Government; healthcare in Northern Ireland is the responsibility of the Northern Ireland Executive; healthcare in Scotland is the responsibility of the Scottish Government; and healthcare in Wales is the responsibility of the Welsh Assembly Government.",
"Each National Health Service has different policies and priorities, resulting in contrasts.",
"Since 1979 expenditure on healthcare has been increased significantly to bring it closer to the European Union average.",
"The UK spends around 8.4 per cent of its gross domestic product on healthcare, which is 0.5 percentage points below the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development average and about one percentage point below the average of the European Union."
] | [
4,
3
] |
Internationalization of the renminbi | When did the renminbi become the eighth-most-traded currency in the world? | China | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"In November 2010, Russia began using the Chinese renminbi in its bilateral trade with China.",
"This was soon followed by Japan, Australia, Singapore, and the United Kingdom.",
"As a result of the rapid internationalization of the renminbi, it became the eighth-most-traded currency in the world in 2013."
] | [
2
] |
Merchandising | The South Park pinball machine was released when? | South Park | true | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"Merchandising related to the show is an industry which generates several million dollars a year.",
"In 1998, the top-selling specialty T-shirt in the United States was based on \"South Park\", and US$30 million in T-shirt sales was reached during the show's first season.",
"A \"South Park\" pinball machine was released in 1999 by Sega Pinball.",
"The companies Fun 4 All, Mezco Toyz, and Mirage have produced various South Park action figures, collectibles, and plush dolls.",
"Comedy Central entered into an agreement with Frito-Lay to sell 1.5 million bags of Cheesy Poofs, Cartman's favorite snack from the show, at Wal-Mart until the premiere of the second half of the fifteenth season on October 5, 2011."
] | [
2
] |
Environment | Several environmental laws were introduced in Japan in response to rising public concern in what year? | Japan | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
1
] | [
"In the period of rapid economic growth after World War II, environmental policies were downplayed by the government and industrial corporations; as a result, environmental pollution was widespread in the 1950s and 1960s.",
"Responding to rising concern about the problem, the government introduced several environmental protection laws in 1970.",
"The oil crisis in 1973 also encouraged the efficient use of energy because of Japan's lack of natural resources.",
"Current environmental issues include urban air pollution (NOx, suspended particulate matter, and toxics), waste management, water eutrophication, nature conservation, climate change, chemical management and international co-operation for conservation.",
"Japan is one of the world's leaders in the development of new environment-friendly technologies, and is ranked 26th best in the world in the 2014 Environmental Performance Index.",
"As a signatory of the Kyoto Protocol, and host of the 1997 conference which created it, Japan is under treaty obligation to reduce its carbon dioxide emissions and to take other steps to curb climate change."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | Who was the author of the book series "Pretty Little Liars"? | Pretty Little Liars | false | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"Pretty Little Liars is a series of young-adult novels by author Sara Shepard, beginning with 2006's inaugural entry of the same name.",
"The series follows the lives of four girls – Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery, and Emily Fields – whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader, Alison DiLaurentis, in the summer after 7th grade.",
"Later, when the girls are juniors in high school, they begin receiving various messages from someone using the alias \"A\" who threatens to expose their secrets.",
"The novels explore several different topics and themes such as bullying, murder, drug addiction, underage drinking, eating disorders, homosexuality, peer-pressure, infidelity, and mental illness.",
"Moral ambiguity and the consequences of lying (suggested by the title) are featured prominently in the series; the girls constantly create their own problems through their unwillingness or inability to tell the truth about certain events and misdeeds they have done.",
"The novels have appeared on the \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list.",
"A television series adaptation loosely based on the novels debuted on June 8, 2010 on ABC Family.",
"The twelfth book in the series, \"Burned\", was released on December 4, 2012.",
"A prequel, \"Ali's Pretty Little Lies\", was released on January 2, 2013.",
"Additionally, a thirteenth book, \"Crushed\", was released June 4, 2013.",
"The fourteenth book, \"Deadly\", was released on December 3, 2013.",
"On June 3, 2014 the 15th book Toxic is to be released.",
"Shepard revealed that she is planning on writing three more novels for the series."
] | [
3
] |
Personnel | Which two people wrote the song "Love the Way You Lie"? | Love the Way You Lie | false | 0MUSIC
| [
3,
4
] | [
"The credits for \"Love the Way You Lie\" are adapted from the liner notes of \"Recovery\".",
" Eminem – mixing engineer, writer, vocalist",
" Rihanna – vocalist",
" Skylar Grey – writer",
" Alex da Kid – mastering engineer, mixing engineer, producer, writer",
" Mike Strange – mixing engineer, recording engineer",
" Marcos Tovar – recording engineer",
" Joe Strange – engineering assistant",
" Spike Lindsey – engineering assistant",
" Makeba Riddick – producer (vocals)",
" J. Brow – guitarist"
] | [] |
Abstract | How did Rembrandt typically sign his name on his paintings? | The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp | false | 3ART
| [
5
] | [
"The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is a 1632 oil painting on canvas by Rembrandt housed in the Mauritshuis museum in The Hague, the Netherlands.",
"Dr. Nicolaes Tulp is pictured explaining the musculature of the arm to medical professionals.",
"Some of the spectators are various doctors who paid commissions to be included in the painting.",
"The painting is signed in the top-left hand corner \"Rembrant.",
"f 1632\".",
"This may be the first instance of Rembrandt signing a painting with his forename (in its original form) as opposed to the monogramme \"RHL\" (Rembrant Harmenszoon of Leiden), and is thus a sign of his growing artistic confidence.",
"The event can be dated to 16 January 1632: the Amsterdam Guild of Surgeons, of which Tulp was official City Anatomist, permitted only one public dissection a year, and the body would have to be that of an executed criminal.",
"Anatomy lessons were a social event in the 17th century, taking place in lecture rooms that were actual theatres, with students, colleagues and the general public being permitted to attend on payment of an entrance fee.",
"The spectators are appropriately dressed for a solemn social occasion.",
"It is thought that the uppermost (not holding the paper) and farthest left figures were added to the picture later.",
"One person is missing: the Preparator, whose task it was to prepare the body for the lesson.",
"In the 17th century an important scientist such as Dr. Tulp would not be involved in menial and bloody work like dissection, and such tasks would be left to others.",
"It is for this reason that the picture shows no cutting instruments.",
"Instead we see in the lower right corner an enormous open textbook on anatomy, possibly the 1543 \"De humani corporis fabrica\" (\"Fabric of the Human Body\") by Andreas Vesalius.",
"Medical specialists have commented on the accuracy of muscles and tendons painted by the 26-year-old Rembrandt.",
"It is not known where he obtained such knowledge; it is possible that he copied the details from an anatomical textbook.",
"However, in 2006 Dutch researchers recreated the scene with a male cadaver, revealing several discrepancies of the exposed left forearm compared to that of a real corpse.",
"The surgically astute will notice that the origin of the exposed forearm muscles would seem to indicate that the flexor compartment originates at the lateral epicondyle, when it is, in fact, the medial epicondyle.",
"It is the common extensor origin that originates at the lateral epicondyle.",
"In a 2007 study, the American artist and anatomist David J. Jackowe and his colleagues demonstrated that the mysterious white cord that courses along the ulnar aspect of the cadaver's carpus and little finger, long thought to be either an ulnar nerve variant or artistic error, is most likely the tendon of an anomalous forearm muscle, the accessory abductor digiti minimi. "
] | [
5
] |
Boats | Why does a wakeboarding boat make it easier to jump? | Wakeboarding | true | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"The most common difference between a regular runabout and a wakeboarding boat is the wakeboard tower, normally constructed of thick-walled stainless steel or aluminum tubing, which places the \"pull point\" about off the water's surface.",
"The high tow point makes it easier to jump and get air as the rope is not pulling downward as when it is attached to the low tow point used for skiing.",
"Most modern wakeboarding boats also have a variable ballast system, which allows for water to be pumped into and out of ballast tanks from the surrounding water.",
"Adding ballast increases displacement, and consequently enlarges the wake produced.",
"A significant portion of wakeboarding boats utilizes V-drive propulsion.",
"These boats have a regular inboard engine, but are turned 180° such that the transmission is in front of the engine, rather than behind, or \"inline\", which is a more common layout for inboard tournament ski boats.",
"The prop shaft exits the transmission towards the rear of the boat, so that the prop is placed directly under the engine.",
"When viewed from the side, such a layout appears as a \"V\" lying on its side.",
"This layout allows for better weight distribution(with the engine farther aft), and places the prop farther forward, reducing the danger of the spinning prop near the stern of the vessel, where riders enter and exit the water."
] | [
1
] |
Synopsis | "The Invisible War" culminates with what institute's culture of sexual harassment and sexual assault? | The Invisible War | false | 6MOVIES
| [
9,
10
] | [
"",
"\"The Invisible War\" features interviews with veterans from multiple branches of the United States Armed Forces who recount the events surrounding their assaults.",
"Their stories show many common themes, such as the lack of recourse to an impartial justice system, reprisals against survivors instead of against perpetrators, the absence of adequate emotional and physical care for survivors, the unhindered advancement of perpetrators' careers, and the forced expulsion of survivors from service.",
"Interspersed with these first person testimonies are interviews with advocates, journalists, mental health professionals, active duty and retired generals, Department of Defense officials, and members of the military justice system.",
"The film also includes footage, often shot by the veterans themselves, which documents their lives and continuing struggles in the aftermath of their assaults.",
"In the film's most prominent narrative, Coast Guard veteran Seaman Kori Cioca struggles to earn benefits from the Department of Veterans Affairs to pay for the many medical difficulties that have resulted from her rape.",
"With the help of attorney Susan L. Burke, Cioca, along with other survivors featured in the film, brings a civil suit against the Department of Defense alleging a failure to adequately address sexual assault within the military.",
"Other past incidents of sexual abuse recounted in the film include the 1991 Navy Tailhook scandal, the 1996 Army Aberdeen scandal, and the 2003 Air Force Academy scandal.",
"\"The Invisible War\" uses these examples to argue that the military has consistently made empty promises to address its high rate of sexual assault.",
"These stories culminate with an examination of the previously unreported culture of sexual harassment and sexual assault at the prestigious Marine Barracks Washington.",
"The survivors and advocates featured in the film call for changes to the way the military handles sexual assault, such as shifting prosecution away from unit commanders, who often are either friends with assailants or are assailants themselves."
] | [
0
] |
Conquest (1519) | How many conquistadores moved on to the Aztec capital? | Mexico | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"Conquest (1519).",
"The Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire began in February 1519 when Hernán Cortés arrived at the port in Veracruz with ca.",
"500 conquistadores, and later moved on to the Aztec capital.",
"On his search for gold and other riches, Cortés decided to invade and conquer the Aztec empire.",
"The ruler of the Aztec empire upon the arrival of the Spaniards was Moctezuma II, who was later killed; his successor and brother Cuitláhuac took control of the Aztec empire, but was among the first to fall from the smallpox epidemic a short time later.",
"Unintentionally introduced by Spanish conquerors, smallpox ravaged Mesoamerica in the 1520s, killing more than 3 million Aztecs.",
"Other sources, however, mentioned that the death toll of the Aztecs might have reached up to 15 million (out of a population of less than 30 million).",
"Severely weakened, the Aztec empire was easily defeated by Cortés and his forces on his second return.",
"Smallpox was a devastating and selective disease—it generally killed Aztecs but not Spaniards, who as Europeans had already been exposed to it for centuries and were therefore much more immune to it.",
"The deaths caused by smallpox are believed to have triggered a rapid growth of Christianity in Mexico and the Americas.",
"At first, the Aztecs believed the epidemic was a punishment from an angry god, but they later accepted their fate and no longer resisted the Spanish rule.",
"Many of the surviving Aztecs blamed the cause of smallpox to the superiority of the Christian god, which resulted in the acceptance of Catholicism and yielding to the Spanish rule throughout Mexico.",
"The territory became part of the Spanish Empire under the name of New Spain.",
"Mexico City was systematically rebuilt by Cortés following the Fall of Tenochtitlan in 1521.",
"Much of the identity, traditions and architecture of Mexico were created during the colonial period."
] | [
5
] |
Layout | When was the Grand Central School of Art located in the terminal? | Grand Central Terminal | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
18
] | [
"The tracks are numbered according to their location in the terminal building.",
"The upper level tracks are numbered 11 to 42 east to west.",
"Tracks 22 and 31 were removed in the late 1990s to build concourses for Grand Central North, track 12 was removed to expand the platform between tracks 11 and 13, and track 14 is only used for loading a garbage train.",
"The lower level has 27 tracks, numbered 100 to 126, east to west, though only tracks 102–112, and 114–116 are currently used for passenger service.",
"Often, local and off-peak trains depart from the lower level while express, super-express, and peak trains depart from the main concourse.",
"Odd numbered tracks are usually on the east side (right side facing north) of the platform; even numbered tracks on the west.",
"The public timetables for April 3, 2011 show 286 weekday departures: 74 Hudson, 101 Harlem and 111 New Haven Line.",
"Besides platforms, Grand Central has restaurants, such as the Oyster Bar and various fast food outlets surrounding the Dining Concourse on the level below the Main Concourse, as well as delis, bakeries, newsstands, a gourmet and fresh food market, an annex of the New York Transit Museum, and more than forty retail stores.",
"Grand Central generally contains only private outlets and small franchises.",
"There are chain outlets in the complex: Starbucks coffee shop, a Rite Aid pharmacy and an Apple Store which opened to the public on December 9, 2011.",
"Other chain stores anticipated to open in the future include a Shake Shack.",
"A \"secret\" sub-basement known as M42 lies under the Terminal, containing the AC to DC converters used to supply DC traction current to the Terminal.",
"The exact location of M42 is a closely guarded secret and does not appear on maps, though it has been shown on television, most notably, the History Channel program \"Cities of the Underworld\" and also a National Geographic special.",
"The original rotary converters were not removed in the late 20th century when solid-state ones took over their job, and they remain as a historical record.",
"During World War II, this facility was closely guarded because its sabotage would have greatly impaired troop movement on the Eastern Seaboard.",
"However, Abwehr (a German espionage service) was aware of it and sent two spies to sabotage it.",
"The spies were arrested by the FBI before they could strike.",
"It is said that any unauthorized person entering the facility during the war risked being shot on sight: the rotary converters used at the time could have easily been crippled by a bucket of sand.",
"From 1924 through 1944, the attic of the east wing contained a art school and gallery space called the Grand Central School of Art."
] | [
2
] |
Legal jurisdiction | How did the defendant make his case relating to wildlife crime? | Yellowstone National Park | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
3
] | [
"The entire park is within the jurisdiction of the United States District Court for the District of Wyoming, making it the only federal court district that includes portions of more than one state (Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming).",
"Law professor Brian C. Kalt has argued that it may be impossible to impanel a jury in compliance with the Vicinage Clause of the Sixth Amendment for a crime committed solely in the unpopulated Idaho portion of the park (and that it would be difficult to do so for a crime committed solely in the lightly populated Montana portion).",
"One defendant accused of a wildlife-related crime in the Montana portion of the park attempted to raise this argument.",
"He eventually pleaded guilty."
] | [
5
] |
Viking and Middle Ages | Why is it believed that Denmark became Christian? | Denmark | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
7
] | [
"From the 8th to the 10th century, the Danes, as well as Norwegians and Swedes, were known as Vikings.",
"They colonised, raided, and traded in all parts of Europe.",
"Viking explorers first discovered Iceland by accident in the 9th century, on the way towards the Faroe Islands and eventually came across \"Vinland\" (Land of wine), also known today as Newfoundland, a province in Canada.",
"The Danish Vikings were most active in the British Isles and Western Europe.",
"They conquered and settled parts of England (known as the Danelaw) under King Sweyn Forkbeard in 1013, Ireland, and France where they founded Normandy.",
"More Anglo-Saxon pence of this period have been found in Denmark than in England.",
"As attested by the Jelling stones, the Danes were united and Christianised about 965 by Harald Bluetooth.",
"It is believed that Denmark became Christian for political reasons so as not to get invaded by the rising Christian power in Europe, Germania, which was an important trading area for the Danes.",
"In that case Harald built six fortresses around Denmark called Trelleborg and built a further Danevirke.",
"In the early 11th century, Canute the Great won and united Denmark, England, and Norway for almost 30 years.",
"Throughout the High and Late Middle Ages, Denmark also included Skåneland (Skåne, Halland, and Blekinge) and Danish kings ruled Danish Estonia, as well as the duchies of Schleswig and Holstein.",
"Most of the latter two now form the state of Schleswig-Holstein in northern Germany.",
"In 1397, Denmark entered into a personal union with Norway and Sweden, united under Queen Margaret I.",
"The three countries were to be treated as equals in the union.",
"However, even from the start Margaret may not have been so idealistic—treating Denmark as the clear \"senior\" partner of the union.",
"Thus, much of the next 125 years of Scandinavian history revolves around this union, with Sweden breaking off and being re-conquered repeatedly.",
"The issue was for practical purposes resolved on 17 June 1523, as Swedish King Gustav Vasa conquered the city of Stockholm.",
"The Protestant Reformation came to Scandinavia in the 1530s, and following the Count's Feud civil war, Denmark converted to Lutheranism in 1536.",
"Later that year, Denmark entered into a union with Norway."
] | [
1
] |
Political discussion | Where was the 15th UNFCCC Converence held? | Global warming | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
11
] | [
"Discourse about global warming.",
"Political discussion.",
"Most countries are Parties to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC).",
"The ultimate objective of the Convention is to prevent dangerous human interference of the climate system.",
"As is stated in the Convention, this requires that GHG concentrations are stabilized in the atmosphere at a level where ecosystems can adapt naturally to climate change, food production is not threatened, and economic development can proceed in a sustainable fashion.",
"The Framework Convention was agreed in 1992, but since then, global emissions have risen.",
"During negotiations, the G77 (a lobbying group in the United Nations representing 133 developing nations) pushed for a mandate requiring developed countries to \" the lead\" in reducing their emissions.",
"This was justified on the basis that: the developed world's emissions had contributed most to the stock of GHGs in the atmosphere; per-capita emissions (i.e., emissions per head of population) were still relatively low in developing countries; and the emissions of developing countries would grow to meet their development needs.",
"This mandate was sustained in the Kyoto Protocol to the Framework Convention, which entered into legal effect in 2005.",
"In ratifying the Kyoto Protocol, most developed countries accepted legally binding commitments to limit their emissions.",
"These first-round commitments expired in 2012.US President George W. Bush rejected the treaty on the basis that \"it exempts 80% of the world, including major population centers such as China and India, from compliance, and would cause serious harm to the US economy.",
"\"At the 15th UNFCCC Conference of the Parties, held in 2009 at Copenhagen, several UNFCCC Parties produced the Copenhagen Accord.",
"Parties associated with the Accord (140 countries, as of November 2010)aim to limit the future increase in global mean temperature to below .",
"A preliminary assessment published in November 2010 by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) suggests a possible \"emissions gap\" between the voluntary pledges made in the Accord and the emissions cuts necessary to have a \"likely\" (greater than 66% probability) chance of meeting the objective.",
"The UNEP assessment takes the objective as being measured against the pre-industrial global mean temperature level.",
"To having a likely chance of meeting the objective, assessed studies generally indicated the need for global emissions to peak before 2020, with substantial declines in emissions thereafter.",
"The 16th Conference of the Parties (COP16) was held at Cancún in 2010.",
"It produced an agreement, not a binding treaty, that the Parties should take urgent action to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet a goal of limiting global warming to above pre-industrial temperatures.",
"It also recognized the need to consider strengthening the goal to a global average rise of ."
] | [
4
] |
Advancing the ball | How can you advance a ball in water polo? | Water polo | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"When the offense takes possession of the ball, the strategy is to advance the ball down the field of play and to score a goal.",
"Players can move the ball by throwing it to a teammate or swimming with the ball in front of them (\"dribbling\").",
"If an attacker uses his/her arm to push away a defending player and free up space for a pass or shot, the referee will rule a turnover and the defence will take possession of the ball.",
"If an attacker advances inside the 2-meter line without the ball or before the ball is inside the 2-meter area, (s)he is ruled offside and the ball is turned over to the defence.",
"This is often overlooked if the attacker is well to the side of the pool or when the ball is at the other side of the pool."
] | [
5
] |
Background and writing | What type of radio stations was the song sent to after the album was released? | All I Want for Christmas Is You | false | 0MUSIC
| [
11
] | [
"After a string of commercially successful albums, Carey's label Columbia Records began exercising the idea of the singer releasing a Christmas album.",
"They felt that up until that point, Carey had been viewed as a pop singer.",
"With the record, Columbia intended to broaden Carey's target market, and have her perceived more as an entertainer, not just a singer.",
"Having been brought up as Christian and always celebrating Christmas, she agreed to create a holiday-themed album.",
"With Walter Afanasieff, Carey co-wrote \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" while recording the album in mid-1994.",
"In an interview, Carey explained the inspiration behind the song:I'm a very festive person and I love the holidays.",
"I've sung Christmas songs since I was a little girl.",
"I used to go Christmas caroling.",
"When it came to the album, we had to have a nice balance between standard Christian hymns and fun songs.",
"It was definitely a priority for me to write at least a few new songs, but for the most part people really want to hear the standards at Christmas time, no matter how good a new song is.",
"Ostensibly, the song was inspired by Carey's romantic sentiments toward her then-husband Tommy Mottola.",
"After the album's release, many promotional singles were released; while other songs were sent to Christian airplay radio stations, \"All I Want for Christmas Is You\" was sent to pop and Top 40 channels.",
"Author Chris Nickson described the song as \"fun and mellow\", and he felt its uptempo beat contrasted with the album's strong religious theme, broadening the album's appeal to teenage audiences."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | In what year was George Michael cleared of his charged? | Can't Smile Without You | false | 0MUSIC
| [
12
] | [
"\"Can't Smile Without You\" is a song written by Christian Arnold, David Martin, and Geoff Morrow, best known in its rendition by Barry Manilow.",
"\"Can't Smile Without You\" was the first single to be released from Manilow's album \"Even Now\".",
"The song was released as a single in 1978 where it reached the number one spot on Billboard's AC chart, and the number three spot on the Billboard Hot 100.",
"Previously, the song was recorded by The Carpenters on their album \"A Kind of Hush\" in 1976, and was featured as the B-side of their hit \"Calling Occupants of Interplanetary Craft\" the following year.",
"Manilow's version had slightly different lyrics from the Carpenters, such as the Carpenters's line \"I can't laugh and I can't walk / I'm finding it hard even to talk,\" was changed in Manilow's version to \"I can't laugh and I can't sing / I'm finding it hard to do anything\" (the latter is likely the original lyric, changed by the Carpenters because the lyric \"I can't sing\" when being sung makes no sense).",
"The Carpenters remixed the song for the B-side of \"Calling Occupants\" in September 1977, again revising the lyric to read \"I can't laugh and I can't sleep / I don't even talk to people I meet\".",
"Additional orchestration was also included in the remix.",
"A version on Manilow's greatest hits box set, \"The Complete Collection and Then Some...\" combines the first half of Take 1 with the double-tracked second half of his released version.",
"Engelbert Humperdinck released the song, using the same lyrics as the original Carpenters version, on his After the Lovin' album, 1976.",
"On behalf of the songwriters, publishing company Dick James Music sued George Michael for plagiarism in the mid-'80s, claiming that the 1984 Wham!",
"single \"Last Christmas\" lifted its melody from \"Can't Smile Without You.\"",
"The case was settled out of court.",
"In 2010 George Michael was publicly cleared of all charges.",
"Jerry Lewis often sings the song on his annual Muscular Dystrophy Association telethon, with altered lyrics that speak of the need for the viewers to call in their pledge.",
"The song has appeared in such films as \"Four Weddings and a Funeral\", ', \"Unconditional Love\", \"Starsky & Hutch\", ' and \"Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas\".",
"In 2008, there was an attempt by Tottenham Hotspur F.C.",
"supporters following their League Cup win to get the song to Number One, as they see this song as being a part of the club, with the words \"Can't Smile Without You\" being seen on many flags, banners, and websites as a slogan to the club.",
"In 2010, GP Maxine Brooks released the song as a charity single for Nurse's Aid, supporting wounded soldiers and in memory of a WWI heroine."
] | [
0
] |
Pathogens | What are characteristics of organisms that can cause disease, but live on us everyday without typically giving us disease? | Bacteria | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
5,
6
] | [
"If bacteria form a parasitic association with other organisms, they are classed as pathogens.",
"Pathogenic bacteria are a major cause of human death and disease and cause infections such as tetanus, typhoid fever, diphtheria, syphilis, cholera, foodborne illness, leprosy and tuberculosis.",
"A pathogenic cause for a known medical disease may only be discovered many years after, as was the case with \"Helicobacter pylori\" and peptic ulcer disease.",
"Bacterial diseases are also important in agriculture, with bacteria causing leaf spot, fire blight and wilts in plants, as well as Johne's disease, mastitis, salmonella and anthrax in farm animals.",
"Each species of pathogen has a characteristic spectrum of interactions with its human hosts.",
"Some organisms, such as \"Staphylococcus\" or \"Streptococcus\", can cause skin infections, pneumonia, meningitis and even overwhelming sepsis, a systemic inflammatory response producing shock, massive vasodilation and death.",
"Yet these organisms are also part of the normal human flora and usually exist on the skin or in the nose without causing any disease at all.",
"Other organisms invariably cause disease in humans, such as the Rickettsia, which are obligate intracellular parasites able to grow and reproduce only within the cells of other organisms.",
"One species of Rickettsia causes typhus, while another causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.",
"\"Chlamydia\", another phylum of obligate intracellular parasites, contains species that can cause pneumonia, or urinary tract infection and may be involved in coronary heart disease.",
"Finally, some species such as \"Pseudomonas aeruginosa\", \"Burkholderia cenocepacia\", and \"Mycobacterium avium\" are opportunistic pathogens and cause disease mainly in people suffering from immunosuppression or cystic fibrosis.",
"Bacterial infections may be treated with antibiotics, which are classified as bacteriocidal if they kill bacteria, or bacteriostatic if they just prevent bacterial growth.",
"There are many types of antibiotics and each class inhibits a process that is different in the pathogen from that found in the host.",
"An example of how antibiotics produce selective toxicity are chloramphenicol and puromycin, which inhibit the bacterial ribosome, but not the structurally different eukaryotic ribosome.",
"Antibiotics are used both in treating human disease and in intensive farming to promote animal growth, where they may be contributing to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance in bacterial populations.",
"Infections can be prevented by antiseptic measures such as sterilizing the skin prior to piercing it with the needle of a syringe, and by proper care of indwelling catheters.",
"Surgical and dental instruments are also sterilized to prevent contamination by bacteria.",
"Disinfectants such as bleach are used to kill bacteria or other pathogens on surfaces to prevent contamination and further reduce the risk of infection."
] | [
0
] |
In pop culture and media | Who's 1960 album featured a Pollock painting as its cover artwork? | Jackson Pollock | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"In 1960, Ornette Coleman's album \"\" featured a Pollock painting as its cover artwork.",
"The British indie band The Stone Roses were heavily influenced by Pollock; they have cover artwork made of pastiches of his work.",
"In the early 1990s, three groups of movie makers were developing Pollock biographical projects, each based on a different source.",
"The project that at first seemed most advanced was a joint venture between Barbra Streisand's Barwood Films and Robert De Niro's TriBeCa Productions (De Niro's parents were friends of Krasner and Pollock).",
"The script, by Christopher Cleveland, was to be based on Jeffrey Potter's 1985 oral biography, \"To a Violent Grave,\" a collection of reminiscences by Pollock's friends.",
"Streisand was to play the role of Lee Krasner, and De Niro was to portray Pollock.",
"A second was to be based on \"Love Affair\" (1974), a memoir by Ruth Kligman, who was Pollock's lover in the six months before his death.",
"This was to be directed by Harold Becker, with Al Pacino playing Pollock.",
"In 2000, the biographical film \"Pollock\", based on the Pulitzer Prize-winning biography, \"Jackson Pollock: An American Saga\", was released.",
"Marcia Gay Harden won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for her portrayal of Lee Krasner.",
"The movie was the project of Ed Harris, who portrayed Pollock and directed it.",
"He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Actor.",
"The Pollock-Krasner Foundation did not authorize or collaborate with any production.",
"In September 2009, the art historian Henry Adams claimed in \"Smithsonian Magazine\" that Pollock had written his name in his famous painting \"Mural\" (1943).",
"The painting is now insured for $140 million.",
"In 2011, the Republican Iowa State Representative Scott Raecker introduced a bill to force the sale of the artwork, held by The University of Iowa, in order to fund scholarships, but his bill created such controversy that it was quickly withdrawn."
] | [
3
] |
Music | Which artists appear on the Despicable Me soundtrack? | Despicable Me | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"",
"\"Despicable Me: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack\" is the soundtrack to the film of the same name, and it was released on July 6, 2010.",
"It featured new songs from the film written and performed by Pharrell Williams, and performances by Destinee & Paris, The Sylvers, Robin Thicke and The Bee Gees."
] | [] |
Theories of mechanical aid | What is the Hockney-Falco thesis? | Johannes Vermeer | false | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"Vermeer's painting techniques have long been a source of debate, given their almost photorealistic attention to detail, despite Vermeer having had no formal training, and despite only limited evidence that Vermeer had created any preparatory sketches or traces for his paintings.",
"In 2001, British artist David Hockney published the book \"Secret Knowledge: Rediscovering the Lost Techniques of the Old Masters\", in which he argued that Vermeer - among other Renaissance artists including Hans Holbein and Diego Velázquez - used optics, and specifically some combination of curved mirrors, camera obscura and camera lucida, to achieve precise positioning in their compositions.",
"This became known as the Hockney–Falco thesis, named after Hockney and Charles M. Falco, another proponent of the theory.",
"Working independently, in 2001 British architecture professor Philip Steadman published the book \"Vermeer's Camera: Uncovering the Truth behind the Masterpieces\", which specifically claimed that Vermeer had used a camera obscura to create his paintings.",
"Noting that many of Vermeer's paintings had been painted in the same room, Steadman found six of his paintings that are precisely the right size if they had been painted from inside a camera obscura in the room's back wall.",
"Supporters of these theories have pointed to evidence in some of Vermeer's paintings, such as the often-discussed sparkling pearly highlights in Vermeer's paintings, which they argue are the result of the primitive lens of a camera obscura producing halation.",
"It was also postulated that a camera obscura was the mechanical cause of the \"exaggerated\" perspective seen in \"Lady at the Virginals with a Gentleman\" (London, Royal Collection).",
"In 2008, American entrepreneur and inventor Tim Jenison developed the theory that Vermeer had used a camera obscura along with a \"comparator mirror\", which is similar in concept to a camera lucida but much simpler, and allows for easily matching color values.",
"He later modified the theory to simply involve a concave mirror and a comparator mirror.",
"He spent the next five years testing his theory by attempting to re-create \"The Music Lesson\" himself using these tools, a process captured in the 2013 documentary film \"Tim's Vermeer\".",
"This theory remains disputed.",
"Aside from the accurately observed mirror reflection above the lady at the virginals, there is no historical evidence regarding Vermeer's interest in optics.",
"The detailed inventory of the artist's belongings drawn up after his death does not include a camera obscura or any similar device."
] | [
0
] |
Critical response | How many stars did Peter Howell award Kung Fu Panda? | Kung Fu Panda | false | 6MOVIES
| [
10
] | [
"Critical response.",
"\"Kung Fu Panda\" has received positive reviews from critics.",
"Rotten Tomatoes reported that 88% of 164 critics gave the film a positive review.",
"The film has an approval rating of 76% from a select group of critics and an approval rating of 83% from users of the site.",
"Metacritic reported the film had an average score of 73 out of 100, based on 33 reviews.",
"Richard Corliss of \"Time Magazine\" gave \"Kung Fu Panda\" a positive review, stating the picture \"provides a master course in cunning visual art and ultra-satisfying entertainment\".",
"\"The New York Times\" said, \"At once fuzzy-wuzzy and industrial strength, the tacky-sounding \"Kung Fu Panda\" is high concept with a heart,\" and the review called the film \"consistently diverting\" and \"visually arresting\".",
"Chris Barsanti of \"Filmcritic.com\" commented, \"Blazing across the screen with eye-popping, sublime artwork, \"Kung Fu Panda\" sets itself apart from the modern domestic animation trend with its sheer beauty [...] the film enters instant classic status as some of the most gorgeous animation Hollywood has produced since the golden age of Disney.\"",
"Michael Phillips of the \"Chicago Tribune\" called the film \"one of the few comedies of 2008 in any style or genre that knows what it’s doing\".",
"However, Tom Charity of CNN criticized the action for \" to blur into a whirlwind of slapstick chaos\" and considered the character of Po similar to others played by Black.",
"Peter Howell of \"The Toronto Star\" awarded the film two and a half stars, considering it to have a \"lack of story\" that \"frequently manages to amuse, if not entirely to delight\"."
] | [
5
] |
Stereotactic radiation | How long do traditional radiation treatments for cancer last? | Radiation therapy | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"Stereotactic radiation is a specialized type of external beam radiation therapy.",
"It uses focused radiation beams targeting a well-defined tumor using extremely detailed imaging scans.",
"Radiation oncologists perform stereotactic treatments, often with the help of a neurosurgeon for tumors in the brain or spine.",
"There are two types of stereotactic radiation.",
"Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is when doctors use a single or several stereotactic radiation treatments of the brain or spine.",
"Stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) refers to one or several stereotactic radiation treatments with the body, such as the lungs.",
"Some doctors say an advantage to stereotactic treatments are they deliver the right amount of radiation to the cancer in a shorter amount of time than traditional treatments, which can often take six to 11 weeks.",
"Plus treatments are given with extreme accuracy, which should limit the effect of the radiation on healthy tissues.",
"One problem with stereotactic treatments is that they are only suitable for certain small tumors.",
"Stereotactic treatments can be confusing because many hospitals call the treatments by the name of the manufacturer rather than calling it SRS or SBRT.",
"Brand names for these treatments include Axesse, Cyberknife, Gamma Knife, Novalis, Primatom, Synergy, X-Knife, TomoTherapy, Trilogy and Truebeam.",
"This list changes as equipment manufacturers continue to develop new, specialized technologies to treat cancers."
] | [
5
] |
Production history | When did Disney's Hollywood Studios open? | Disney's Hollywood Studios | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
2
] | [
"The Walt Disney Company's original concept of the Disney-MGM Studios was to operate it as a full fledged television and motion picture production facility, not just a theme park.",
"In 1988, among the first feature-length movies filmed at the facility, prior to its completion and opening as a theme park, were \"Ernest Saves Christmas\" and \"Newsies\".",
"When the park opened in 1989, the studio/production facilities housed two major components, the first of which was Walt Disney Feature Animation Florida, where Disney produced a number of projects, including \"Mulan\", \"Lilo & Stitch\", \"Brother Bear\", and sequences from other 1990s-early 2000s Disney animated features.",
"The second, larger component was Walt Disney Studios Florida, which consisted of three sound stages used for various Disney projects including The Disney Channel's \"Mickey Mouse Club\", \"Teen Win, Lose or Draw\" and \"Adventures in Wonderland\".",
"Several third party productions also used the Studios, including \"Superboy\" (first season only, from 1988–1989), \"Thunder in Paradise\", a revival of \"Let's Make a Deal\", special broadcasts of \"Wheel of Fortune\" and airplane interior sequences for the feature film \"Passenger 57\".",
"In addition, a number of music videos and several tapings for World Championship Wrestling (as well as live broadcasts of WCW Monday Nitro) were also shot there.",
"Even The Post Group had a Florida-based post-production facility located on the Studio lot throughout the 1990s.",
"All these production and post-production facilities were constructed to be an integral part of the theme park's Backstage Studio Tour as well.",
"During the closing credits of the \"Mickey Mouse Club\" (later, \"MMC\" in its final seasons) and \"Adventures in Wonderland\", the lit Disney-MGM water tower appeared on the screen and one of the cast said, \"(insert show title here) was taped at the Disney-MGM Studios at the Walt Disney World Resort, Lake Buena Vista, Florida.\"",
"Disney management (including CEO Michael Eisner) decided to downsize Disney's Florida operations by closing the animation studio, laying-off personnel and then moving the operations to the main animation studio in Burbank, California.",
"A radio studio is also located on the lot, appropriately behind \"Sounds Dangerous\".",
"It originally housed the first children's radio network Radio Aahs which rented the studio.",
"Later, Disney founded Radio Disney and essentially drove Radio Aahs out of business.",
"Radio Disney decided it was no longer profitable to operate in Florida so they moved all of their shows from the Disney-MGM Studios to the Radio Disney headquarters in Dallas, Texas and the once bustling Disney Studios Florida radio studios are now used as remote studios for radio shows that are visiting Disney or the Orlando area and need a broadcast facility."
] | [
2
] |
Rules and regulations | If a golfer earns money on the sport, what are they prohibited from doing? | Golf | true | 4SPORT
| [
6
] | [
"The rules of golf are internationally standardised and are jointly governed by The R&A, spun off in 2004 from The Royal and Ancient Golf Club of St Andrews (founded 1754), and the United States Golf Association (USGA).",
"The underlying principle of the rules is fairness.",
"As stated on the back cover of the official rule book:",
"\"Play the ball as it lies, play the course as you find it, and if you cannot do either, do what is fair.",
"\"",
"There are strict regulations regarding the amateur status of golfers.",
"Essentially, anybody who has ever received payment or compensation for giving instruction, or played golf for money, is not considered an amateur and may not participate in competitions limited solely to amateurs.",
"However, amateur golfers may receive expenses that comply with strict guidelines and they may accept non-cash prizes within the limits established by the Rules of Amateur Status.",
"In addition to the officially printed rules, golfers also abide by a set of guidelines called golf etiquette.",
"Etiquette guidelines cover matters such as safety, fairness, pace of play, and a player's obligation to contribute to the care of the course.",
"Though there are no penalties for breach of etiquette rules, players generally follow the rules of golf etiquette in an effort to improve everyone's playing experience."
] | [
0
] |
U.S. television ratings | Does Greys Anatomy have a high amount of viewers? | Grey's Anatomy | false | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"",
"\"Greys Anatomy\" has received high viewership and ratings since its debut.",
"The first four seasons of the program each ranked in the top ten among all viewers, reaching its peak Nielsen ratings in the second season, attracting an average of 19.44 million viewers per episode, and ranking at fifth place overall.",
"Following the show's time-slot being relocated, overall rankings steadily declined, dropping below the top ten in its fifth season.",
"\"Grey's Anatomy\" made its greatest fall from its sixth to seventh season, slipping from seventeenth place to thirty-first.",
"The series is on a steady decline in terms of overall viewership and rankings, yet \"Grey's Anatomy\" still holds value in charts when numbers are pulled from the digital video recorder (DVR).",
"It was the most recorded show between 2007 and 2011, based on cumulative totals, and has been for several years in a row.",
"The most-watched episode of the series is \"It's the End of the World\", with 37.88 million viewers, aided by a lead-in from Super Bowl XL.",
"In contrast, the least-watched episode is \"The Lion Sleeps Tonight\", which garnered 8.19 million viewers—a 30% decrease from \"It's the End of the World\".",
"In 2011, \"Grey's Anatomy\" was named the fourth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.67 million per half hour, behind \"Desperate Housewives\", \"Two and a Half Men\", and \"American Idol\" at the top.",
"In 2012, the show was the fifth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.75 million per half hour, behind \"Glee\", \"Two and a Half Men\", \"The X Factor (U.S.)\" and \"American Idol\".",
"While \"Grey's Anatomy\" is no longer ranked in the top numbers for overall ratings, the show's ranking in the key 18–49 demographic has remained high.",
"As of season eight, the series is the highest-rated drama on television in the target demographic.",
"Below is a table of \"Grey's Anatomy\"s seasonal rankings in the U.S. television market, based on average total viewers per episode.",
"Each U.S. network television season starts in September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps."
] | [] |
Marketing | What was Lots-O Huggin Bear called in Japan? | Toy Story 3 | false | 6MOVIES
| [
14
] | [
"The film's first teaser trailer was released with \"Up\" in Disney Digital 3-D, on May 29, 2009.",
"On October 2, 2009, \"Toy Story\" and \"Toy Story 2\" were re-released as a double feature in Disney Digital 3-D.",
"The first full-length trailer was attached as an exclusive sneak peek and a first footage to the \"Toy Story\" double feature, on October 12, 2009.",
"A second teaser was released on February 10, 2010, followed by a second full-length trailer on February 11, and appeared in 3D showings of \"Alice in Wonderland\" and \"How to Train Your Dragon\".",
"On March 23, 2010, \"Toy Story\" was released on Blu-ray/DVD combo pack, which included a small feature of \"The Story of \"Toy Story 3\"\".",
"In addition, \"Toy Story 2\" was released on the same day in the same format, which had a small feature on the \"Characters of \"Toy Story 3\"\".",
"Mattel, Thinkway Toys, and Lego are among companies who produced toys to promote the film.",
"Fisher Price, a Mattel Company, has released \"Toy Story 3\" with twenty-one 3D images for viewing with the View-Master viewer.",
"Disney Interactive Studios also produced a video game based on the film, \"\", which was released for Microsoft Windows, Xbox 360, Wii, PlayStation 3, Nintendo DS, and PSP on June 15, 2010.",
"A PlayStation 2 version was released on October 30, 2010, as part of a PS2 bundle and separately on November 2, 2010 (the same day \"Toy Story 3\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray).",
"It was also the last Disney/Pixar game to be released on PlayStation 2.",
"\"Toy Story 3\" was featured in Apple's iPhone OS 4 Event on April 8, 2010, with Steve Jobs demonstrating a \"Toy Story 3\" themed iAd written in HTML5.",
"Pixar designed a commercial for the toy, Lots-O'-Huggin' Bear, and formatted it to appear as if it came from an old VCR recording.",
"The recording was altered with distorted sound, noise along the bottom of the screen, and flickering video, all designed to make it look like a converted recording from around 1983.",
"A Japanese version of the commercial was also released online, with the name \"Lots-O'-Huggin Bear\" replaced with \"Little Hug-Hug Bear\" (Japanese:ハグハグベアちゃん/\"Hagu Hagu Beya-Chan\").",
"On \"Dancing with the Stars\" May 11, 2010, episode, the Gipsy Kings performed a Spanish-language version of the song \"You've Got a Friend in Me,\" which featured a paso doble dance choreographed by Cheryl Burke and Tony Dovolani.",
"Both the song and dance are featured in the film.",
"\"Toy Story 3\" was promoted with airings of the first and second film on several channels in the weeks preceding the film's release, including Disney Channel, Disney XD, and ABC Family.",
"Sneak peeks of \"Toy Story 3\" were also revealed, primarily on Disney Channel."
] | [
0
] |
Terminology | In UK countries, what is known as pudding? | Pudding | true | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"In the United Kingdom and most Commonwealth countries, \"pudding\" can be used to describe both sweet and savory dishes.",
"However, unless qualified, the term in everyday usage typically denotes a dessert; in the UK, \"pudding\" is used as synonym for a dessert course.",
"Dessert puddings are rich, fairly homogeneous starch- or dairy-based desserts such as rice pudding, steamed cake mixtures such as Treacle sponge pudding with or without the addition of ingredients such as dried fruits such as Christmas pudding.",
"Savory dishes include things such as Yorkshire pudding, black pudding, suet pudding and steak and kidney pudding.",
"In the United States and Canada, \"pudding\" characteristically denotes a sweet milk-based dessert similar in consistency to egg-based custards, instant custards or a mousse, often commercially set using gelatin or similar collagen agent such as the Jello brand line of products.",
"In Commonwealth countries these puddings are called custards (often shortened to curd) if they are egg-thickened, blancmange if starch-thickened, and jelly if gelatin based.",
"Pudding may also refer to other dishes such as bread and rice pudding, although typically these names derive from the origin as British dishes."
] | [
0
] |
Water polo equipment | What equipment is necessary for water polo? | Water polo | true | 4SPORT
| [
2,
3,
5,
6,
8
] | [
" equipment.",
"Little player equipment is needed to play water polo.",
"Items required in water polo include:",
"Ball: A water polo ball is constructed of waterproof material to allow it to float on the water.",
"The cover is textured to give players additional grip.",
"The size of the ball is different for men's, women's and junior games.",
"Caps: A water polo cap is used to protect the players' heads and ears, and to make them identifiable from afar.",
"Home team field players wear numbered white caps; Visiting team field players wear numbered dark-colored or black caps.",
"Both starting goalkeepers wear red caps (sometimes quartered), numbered \"1\" (substitute goalies' caps are numbered either \"13\" for FINA international play or \"15\" for NCAA play) Caps are fitted with ear protectors.",
"Goals: Two goals are needed in order to play water polo.",
"These can either be put on the side of the pool, or in the pool using floaters.",
"Mouthguard: A mouthguard is not mandatory in most tournaments, but is recommended.",
"Swimwear: Male water polo players wear either swim briefs or jammers (thigh-length trunks).",
"Female players must wear a one-piece swimsuit.",
"Suit-grabbing fouls are common, so players often wear tight-fitting suits, and may layer on several suits at a time for additional security.",
"Many swimwear labels also sell specialized water polo suits that feature reinforced stitching and tougher fabric.",
"Female water polo suits are generally one-piece outfits which do not have open backs, but zip securely up the back so as to not have straps that can be easily grabbed."
] | [
0
] |
Critical reception | Which two songwriters make up the duo Espionage? | Drive By (song) | false | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"",
"\"Billboard\" gave the song a positive review stating:If at first you succeed -- why not try again?",
"For the first single from its forthcoming \"California 37,\" Train returns to the Espionage, the Norwegian songwriting and production duo of Espen Lind and Amund Bjorklund that helped the group put together its 2010 comeback smash \"Hey Soul Sister.\"",
"\"Drive By\" starts with a staccato guitar strum and a percussive thump that certainly recalls its predecessor, with a slight ethnic flavor that makes it recall a Bar Mitzvah reception.",
"Frontman Pat Monahan semi-speaks the in tuneful, rap-like cadence, then turns to smooth pop singing for the choruses.",
"The lyric, however, is a bit darker, with Monahan's protagonist trying to convince a one-night-stand that he really wants to \"get down to the more-than-friends\" at last.",
"We bet she's heard that from all the pop singers, but Monahan pleads with enough joyful exuberance that she -- and we -- might just buy it."
] | [] |
Pre-colonial history | Who is the British artist who created some of the earliest painting of Victoria Falls? | Victoria Falls | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
15
] | [
"Archaeological sites around the falls have yielded \"Homo habilis\" stone artifacts from 3 million years ago, 50,000-year-old Middle Stone Age tools and Late Stone Age (10,000 and 2,000 years ago) weapons, adornments and digging tools.",
"Iron-using Khoisan hunter-gatherers displaced these Stone Age people and in turn were displaced by Bantu tribes such as the southern Tonga people known as the Batoka/Tokalea, who called the falls \"Shungu na mutitima\".",
"The Matabele, later arrivals, named them \"aManz' aThunqayo\", and the Batswana and Makololo (whose language is used by the Lozi people) call them \"Mosi-o-Tunya\".",
"All these names mean essentially \"the smoke that thunders\".",
"A map from c.1750 drawn by Jacques Nicolas Bellin for Abbé Antoine François Prevost d'Exiles marks the falls as \"cataractes\" and notes a settlement to the north of the Zambezi as being friendly with the Portuguese at the time.",
"Earlier still Nicolas de Fer's 1715 map of southern Africa has the fall clearly marked in the correct position.",
"It also has dotted lines denoting trade routes that David Livingstone followed 140 years later.",
"The first European to see the falls was David Livingstone on 17 November 1855, during his 1852–56 journey from the upper Zambezi to the mouth of the river.",
"The falls were well known to local tribes, and Voortrekker hunters may have known of them, as may the Arabs under a name equivalent to \"the end of the world\".",
"Europeans were sceptical of their reports, perhaps thinking that the lack of mountains and valleys on the plateau made a large falls unlikely.",
"Livingstone had been told about the falls before he reached them from upriver and was paddled across to a small island that now bears the name Livingstone Island in Zambia.",
"Livingstone had previously been impressed by the Ngonye Falls further upstream, but found the new falls much more impressive, and gave them their English name in honour of Queen Victoria.",
"He wrote of the falls, \"No one can imagine the beauty of the view from anything witnessed in England.",
"It had never been seen before by European eyes; but scenes so lovely must have been gazed upon by angels in their flight.",
"\"In 1860, Livingstone returned to the area and made a detailed study of the falls with John Kirk.",
"Other early European visitors included Portuguese explorer Serpa Pinto, Czech explorer Emil Holub, who made the first detailed plan of the falls and its surroundings in 1875 (published in 1880), and British artist Thomas Baines, who executed some of the earliest paintings of the falls.",
"Until the area was opened up by the building of the railway in 1905, though, the falls were seldom visited by other Europeans."
] | [
3
] |
Training | In which season is Luge played? | Luge | false | 4SPORT
| [
12
] | [
"The sport of luge requires an athlete to balance mental and physical fitness.",
"To become an elite luger, a competitor must begin training at an early age and spend decades honing their skills.",
"Physically, a luger must have strong neck, upper body, abdominal, and thigh muscles.",
"Strength training is essential to withstand the extreme G-forces of tight turns at high speeds.",
"Since lugers have very little protection other than a visor and helmet, they must be able to endure the physical pounding administered by the track when mistakes are made.",
"Mentally a luger must maintain total focus as they steer their sled through more than a kilometer of curves and straights at high speed.",
"Dozens of subtle movements and weight shifts are required to find the perfect line down the track.",
"Consistency is essential for success.",
"Sled maintenance is also an important element for success.",
"Serious lugers spend hours meticulously sanding their \"steels,\" and making other important adjustments and repairs to their sleds.",
"No luger can possibly achieve elite status without working closely with an experienced coaching staff, implementing suggestions and fine tuning technique.",
"Other lugers will often give tips that can improve a slider's ability to find the \"sweet spot\" on the track.",
"Though luge is a winter sport, it requires daily, year-round training."
] | [] |
Name and signature | Rebrandnt's practice of singinig his work with his first name was inspired by what artists? | Rembrandt | false | 3ART
| [
10
] | [
"",
"\"Rembrandt\" is a modification of the spelling of the artist's first name that he introduced in 1633.",
"Roughly speaking, his earliest signatures (ca.",
"1625) consisted of an initial \"R\", or the monogram \"RH\" (for Rembrant Harmenszoon; i.e.",
"\"Rembrant, the son of Harmen\"), and starting in 1629, \"RHL\" (the \"L\" stood, presumably, for Leiden).",
"In 1632, he used this monogram early in the year, then added his patronymic to it, \"RHL-van Rijn\", but replaced this form in that same year and began using his first name alone with its original spelling, \"Rembrant\".",
"In 1633 he added a \"d\", and maintained this form consistently from then on, proving that this minor change had a meaning for him (whatever it might have been).",
"This change is purely visual; it does not change the way his name is pronounced.",
"Curiously enough, despite the large number of paintings and etchings signed with this modified first name, most of their documents that mentioned him during his lifetime retained the original \"Rembrant\" spelling.",
"(Note: the rough chronology of signature forms above applies to the paintings, and to a lesser degree to the etchings; from 1632, presumably, there is only one etching signed \"RHL-v. Rijn,\" the large-format \"Raising of Lazarus,\" B 73).",
"His practice of signing his work with his first name, later followed by Vincent van Gogh, was probably inspired by Raphael, Leonardo da Vinci and Michelangelo who, then as now, were referred to by their first names alone."
] | [
0
] |
Slopestyle | A snowboard course has what kind of obstacles? | Snowboarding | true | 4SPORT
| [
1,
2
] | [
"Competitors perform tricks while descending a course, moving around, over, across, up, or down terrain features.",
"The course is full of obstacles including boxes, rails, jumps, jibs (includes anything the board or rider can slide across).",
"Slope-style contests consists of choosing your own line in a terrain park using a variety of boxes, jibs and jumps.",
"To win a slope-style contest one must pick the best and most difficult line in the terrain park and have a smooth flowing line of tricks performed on the obstacles.",
"Overall impression is also a huge factor in winning a slope-style contest.",
"The rider who lands the hardest tricks will not always win over the rider who lands easy"
] | [
0
] |
Thefts | Where is the Munch Museum located? | The Scream | false | 3ART
| [
23
] | [
"",
"\"The Scream\" has been the target of a number of thefts and theft attempts.",
"Some damage has been suffered in these thefts.",
"On 12 February 1994, the same day as the opening of the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, two men broke into the National Gallery, Oslo, and stole its version of \"The Scream\", leaving a note reading \"Thanks for the poor security\".",
"The painting had been moved down to a second-story gallery as part of the Olympic festivities.",
"After the gallery refused to pay a ransom demand of US$1 million in March 1994, Norwegian police set up a sting operation with assistance from the British police (SO10) and the Getty Museum and the painting was recovered undamaged on 7 May 1994.",
"In January 1996, four men were convicted in connection with the theft, including Pål Enger, who had been convicted of stealing Munch's \"Vampire\" in 1988.",
"They were released on appeal on legal grounds: the British agents involved in the sting operation had entered Norway under false identities.",
"The 1910 tempera on board version of \"The Scream\" was stolen on 22 August 2004, during daylight hours, when masked gunmen entered the Munch Museum in Oslo and stole it and Munch's \"Madonna\".",
"A bystander photographed the robbers as they escaped to their car with the artwork.",
"On 8 April 2005, Norwegian police arrested a suspect in connection with the theft, but the paintings remained missing and it was rumored that they had been burned by the thieves to destroy evidence.",
"On 1 June 2005, with four suspects already in custody in connection with the crime, the city government of Oslo offered a reward of 2 million Norwegian krone (roughly US$313,500 or €231,200) for information that could help locate the paintings.",
"Although the paintings remained missing, six men went on trial in early 2006, variously charged with either helping to plan or participating in the robbery.",
"Three of the men were convicted and sentenced to between four and eight years in prison in May 2006, and two of the convicted, Bjørn Hoen and Petter Tharaldsen, were also ordered to pay compensation of 750 million kroner (roughly US$117.6 million or €86.7 million) to the City of Oslo.",
"The Munch Museum was closed for ten months for a security overhaul.",
"On 31 August 2006, Norwegian police announced that a police operation had recovered both \"The Scream\" and \"Madonna\", but did not reveal detailed circumstances of the recovery.",
"The paintings were said to be in a better-than-expected condition.",
"\"We are 100 percent certain they are the originals,\" police chief Iver Stensrud told a news conference.",
"\"The damage was much less than feared.\"",
"Munch Museum director Ingebjørg Ydstie confirmed the condition of the paintings, saying it was much better than expected and that the damage could be repaired.",
"\"The Scream\" had moisture damage on the lower left corner, while \"Madonna\" suffered several tears on the right side of the painting as well as two holes in Madonna's arm.",
"Before repairs and restoration began, the paintings were put on public display by the Munch Museum beginning 27 September 2006.",
"During the five-day exhibition, 5,500 people viewed the damaged paintings.",
"The conserved works went back on display on 23 May 2008, when the exhibition \"Scream and Madonna — Revisited\" at the Munch Museum in Oslo displayed the paintings together.",
"Some damage to \"The Scream\" may prove impossible to repair, but the overall integrity of the work has not been compromised."
] | [
4
] |
Hollywood | Where is the Radio Broadcast Center building located at? | Universal Studios Florida | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
2
] | [
"The Hollywood section of the park greets guests with recreations of some of Hollywood's greatest monuments, such as Schwab's Drug Store and Mel's Drive-In.",
"These recreations are accompanied by two shows and a walkthrough exhibit.",
"Hollywood is also home to the world famous state of the art Radio Broadcast Center.",
"The studios are on the corner between Schwab's and The Brown Derby.",
"The Radio Broadcast Center hosts radio stations from all over the world.",
"Lucy: A Tribute is a walk-through museum featuring the best of \"America's favorite redhead\", Lucille Ball.",
"\"Universal's Horror Make-Up Show\" is a live stage show that shows guests how horror film special effects are created.",
"Before the main show guests experience a pre-show walk-through of set pieces and props used in various horror movies.",
"The pre-show currently houses a character appearance by Hellboy from \"\".",
"In August 2008, a section of the pre-show lobby was included to contain material from Halloween Horror Nights which includes some concept art, and a timeline of park map covers dating from its debut year in 1991 as Fright Nights.",
"Both of these attractions opened in 1990.",
"The final attraction is .",
"The show is a live, 3D experience that combines a 3-D film with an actual stage show based on the film \"Terminator 2\".",
"Hollywood's two dining outlets are recreations of actual Hollywood outlets.",
"\"Schwab's Pharmacy\" and \"Mel's Drive-In\" offer guests a variety of food and beverage options.",
"A third outlet, named \"Cafe La Bamba\", operates seasonally.",
"Guests can purchase Terminator merchandise from \"Cyber Image\" and magic-related items from \"Theatre Magic\"."
] | [
4
] |
Constituent states | How many states are in Germany? | Germany | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"Germany comprises sixteen states which are collectively referred to as \"Länder\".",
"</ref>Each state has its own state constitution and is largely autonomous in regard to its internal organisation.",
"Because of differences in size and population the subdivisions of these states vary, especially as between city states (\"Stadtstaaten\") and states with larger territories (\"Flächenländer\").",
"For regional administrative purposes five states, namely Baden-Württemberg, Bavaria, Hesse, North Rhine-Westphalia and Saxony, consist of a total of 22 Government Districts (\"Regierungsbezirke\").",
"Germany is divided into 403 districts (\"Kreise\") at a municipal level; these consist of 301 rural districts and 102 urban districts."
] | [
5
] |
Ecological and environmental | who started modern ethology? | Biology | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
11
] | [
"Ecology studies the distribution and abundance of living organisms, and the interactions between organisms and their environment.",
"The habitat of an organism can be described as the local abiotic factors such as climate and ecology, in addition to the other organisms and biotic factors that share its environment.",
"One reason that biological systems can be difficult to study is that so many different interactions with other organisms and the environment are possible, even on small scales.",
"A microscopic bacterium in a local sugar gradient is responding to its environment as much as a lion searching for food in the African savanna.",
"For any species, behaviors can be co-operative, competitive, parasitic, or symbiotic.",
"Matters become more complex when two or more species interact in an ecosystem.",
"Ecological systems are studied at several different levels, from individuals and populations to ecosystems and the biosphere.",
"The term population biology is often used interchangeably with population ecology, although \"population biology\" is more frequently used when studying diseases, viruses, and microbes, while population ecology is more commonly used when studying plants and animals.",
"Ecology draws on many subdisciplines.",
"Ethology studies animal behavior (particularly that of social animals such as primates and canids), and is sometimes considered a branch of zoology.",
"Ethologists have been particularly concerned with the evolution of behavior and the understanding of behavior in terms of the theory of natural selection.",
"In one sense, the first modern ethologist was Charles Darwin, whose book, \"The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals,\" influenced many ethologists to come.",
"Biogeography studies the spatial distribution of organisms on the Earth, focusing on topics like plate tectonics, climate change, dispersal and migration, and cladistics."
] | [
3
] |
Optical | What is the most common type of microscope? | Microscope | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"The most common type of microscope (and the first invented) is the optical microscope.",
"This is an optical instrument containing one or more lenses producing an enlarged image of a sample placed in the focal plane.",
"Optical microscopes have refractive glass and occasionally of plastic or quartz, to focus light into the eye or another light detector.",
"Mirror-based optical microscopes operate in the same manner.",
"Typical magnification of a light microscope, assuming visible range light, is up to 1250x with a theoretical resolution limit of around 0.250 micrometres or 250 nanometres.",
"This limits the practical magnification limit to ~1500x.",
"Specialized techniques (e.g., scanning confocal microscopy, Vertico SMI) may exceed this magnification but the resolution is diffraction limited.",
"The use of shorter wavelengths of light, such as the ultraviolet, is one way to improve the spatial resolution of the optical microscope, as are devices such as the near-field scanning optical microscope.",
"Sarfus, a recent optical technique increases the sensitivity of standard optical microscope to a point it becomes possible to directly visualize nanometric films (down to 0.3 nanometre) and isolated nano-objects (down to 2 nm-diameter).",
"The technique is based on the use of non-reflecting substrates for cross-polarized reflected light microscopy.",
"Ultraviolet light enables the resolution of microscopic features, as well as to image samples that are transparent to the eye.",
"Near infrared light can be used to visualize circuitry embedded in bonded silicon devices, since silicon is transparent in this region of wavelengths.",
"In fluorescence microscopy, many wavelengths of light, ranging from the ultraviolet to the visible can be used to cause samples to fluoresce to allow viewing by eye or with the use of specifically sensitive cameras.",
"Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy illumination technique in which small phase shifts in the light passing through a transparent specimen are converted into amplitude or contrast changes in the image.",
"The use of phase contrast does not require staining to view the slide.",
"This microscope technique made it possible to study the cell cycle in live cells.",
"The traditional optical microscope has more recently evolved into the digital microscope.",
"In addition to, or instead of, directly viewing the object through the eyepieces, a type of sensor similar to those used in a digital camera is used to obtain an image, which is then displayed on a computer monitor.",
"These sensors may use CMOS or charge-coupled device (CCD) technology, depending on the application."
] | [
0
] |
Financing | How much was America's down payment on the Louisiana Purchase? | Louisiana Purchase | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"The American government used $3 million in gold as a down payment, and issued bonds for the balance to pay France for the purchase.",
"Earlier that year, Francis Baring and Company of London had become the U.S. government's official banking agent in London.",
"Because of this favored position, the US asked the Baring firm to handle the transaction.",
"Francis Baring's son Alexander was in Paris at the time and helped in the negotiations.",
"Another Baring advantage was a close relationship with Hope and Company of Amsterdam.",
"The two banking houses worked together to facilitate and underwrite the Purchase.",
"Because Napoleon wanted to receive his money as quickly as possible, the two firms received the American bonds and paid cash to France."
] | [
5
] |
Dental health | What components of cheese helps prevent tooth decy? | Cheese | false | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Some studies claim that cheddar, mozzarella, Swiss and American cheeses can help to prevent tooth decay.",
"Several mechanisms for this protection have been proposed:",
" The calcium, protein, and phosphorus in cheese may act to protect tooth enamel.",
" Cheese increases saliva flow, washing away acids and sugars."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | When did the Wright brothers make the famous flight at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina? | Wright Brothers flights of 1909 | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"Airplane inventors Wilbur and Orville Wright are famed for making the first controlled, powered, heavier-than-air flights on 17 December 1903 at Kitty Hawk, North Carolina.",
"Lesser-known are other flights of theirs which played an important role at the dawn of aviation history.",
"In 1909 Wilbur was invited by the Hudson-Fulton Celebration Committee to make paid exhibition flights to help mark 300 years of New York history, including Henry Hudson discovering Manhattan and Robert Fulton starting a successful commercial steamboat service on the Hudson River.",
"The committee wanted the Wrights to demonstrate flights over the water around New York City.",
"Orville was making flights for customers in Germany, so Wilbur, who had just finished training U.S. Army pilots, accepted the job."
] | [
2
] |
Early history and cancellation | What did the "Family Guy" episode that debuted to 22 million viewers air after? | Family Guy | true | 1TV
| [
1
] | [
"",
"\"Family Guy\" officially premiered after Fox's broadcast of Super Bowl XXXIII on January 31, 1999, with \"Death Has a Shadow\".",
"The show debuted to 22 million viewers, and immediately generated controversy regarding its adult content.",
"The show returned on April 11, 1999, with \"I Never Met the Dead Man\".",
"\"Family Guy\" garnered decent ratings in Fox's 8:30 pm slot on Sunday, scheduled between \"The Simpsons\" and \"The X-Files\".",
"At the end of its first season, the show was No.",
"33 in the Nielsen ratings, with 12.8 million households tuning in.",
"The show launched its second season in a new time slot, Thursday at 9 pm, on September 23, 1999.",
"\"Family Guy\" was pitted against NBC's \"Frasier\", and the series' ratings declined sharply.",
"Fox removed \"Family Guy\" from the network's permanent schedule, and began airing episodes irregularly.",
"The show returned on March 7, 2000, at 8:30 pm on Tuesdays, but was constantly beaten in the ratings by the new breakout hit \"Who Wants to Be a Millionaire\", coming in at No.",
"114 in the Nielsen Ratings with 6.320 million households tuning in.",
"Fox announced that the show had been canceled in 2000, at the end of the second season.",
"However, following a last-minute reprieve, Fox announced on July 24, 2000, its intention to order 13 additional episodes of \"Family Guy\" to form a third season.",
"The show returned November 8, 2001, once again in a tough time slot: Thursday nights at 8:00 pm ET.",
"This slot brought it into competition with \"Survivor\" and \"Friends\".",
"(This situation was later referenced in \"\").",
"During its second- and third-season runs, Fox frequently moved the show around to different days and time slots with little or no notice and, consequently, the show's ratings suffered.",
"Upon Fox's annual unveiling of its 2002 fall line-up on May 15, 2002, \"Family Guy\" was absent.",
"Fox announced that the show had been officially canceled shortly thereafter."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | How much money did Batman Begins amount on it's opening weekend? | Batman Begins | false | 6MOVIES
| [
9
] | [
"Batman Begins is a 2005 British-American superhero film based on the fictional DC Comics character Batman, co-written and directed by Christopher Nolan.",
"It stars Christian Bale as Batman along with Michael Caine, Liam Neeson, Katie Holmes, Gary Oldman, and Morgan Freeman.",
"The film reboots the \"Batman\" film series, telling the origin story of the character from Bruce Wayne's initial fear of bats, the death of his parents, his journey to become Batman, and his fight against Ra's al Ghul's plot to destroy Gotham City.",
"It draws inspiration from classic comic book storylines such as \"The Man Who Falls\", ', and '.",
"After a series of unsuccessful projects to resurrect Batman on screen following the 1997 critical failure of \"Batman & Robin\", Nolan and David S. Goyer began to work on the film in early 2003 and aimed for a darker and more realistic tone, with humanity and realism being the basis of the film.",
"The goal was to get the audience to care for both Batman and Bruce Wayne.",
"The film, which was primarily shot in Iceland and Chicago, relied on traditional stunts and miniatures – computer-generated imagery was used minimally.",
"\"Batman Begins\" was both critically and commercially successful.",
"The film opened on June 17, 2005, in the United States and Canada in 3,858 theaters.",
"It grossed $48 million in its opening weekend in North America, eventually grossing over $372 million worldwide.",
"The film received critical acclaim and has been considered by many as one of the best superhero films ever made.",
"Critics noted that fear was a common motif throughout the film, and remarked that it had a darker tone compared with previous \"Batman\" films.",
"The film was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Cinematography and three BAFTA awards.",
"The film is followed by \"The Dark Knight\" (2008) and \"The Dark Knight Rises\" (2012) in a continual story-arc, which has later been referred to as \"The Dark Knight\" trilogy."
] | [
5
] |
Covers | When did singing sisters Cimorelli post their Youtube cover of Payphone? | Payphone (song) | false | 0MUSIC
| [
0
] | [
"On 7 May 2012, singing sisters Cimorelli posted a cover on YouTube, which has been watched over 15 million times but Dani and Lauren changed up the rap.",
"Tanner Patrick, Dave Days, Megan Nicole, Tiffany Alvord and Avery also posted cover versions of \"Payphone\".",
"In July 2012, Canadian indie group Walk off the Earth released a cover on YouTube where many of the instruments being played are looped live, allowing one member to effectively play six instruments over the course of the song, with the recorded loops all playing at once.",
"The same month, the band Boyce Avenue also released a cover of the song.",
"American post-hardcore group Crown The Empire has done a heavy cover of the song as well for Fearless Records' compilation album \"Punk Goes Pop 5\".",
"Comedy rapper Rucka Rucka Ali recorded a parody, \"Dago\", on his 2012 album \"Rucka's World\".",
"In October 2012, Daniel Evans, a finalist on season 5 of The X Factor (UK) published and subsequently released an acoustic piano ballad version on his YouTube channel."
] | [
2
] |
Commercial performance | What country does Perry have the most number ones? | Wide Awake (Katy Perry song) | true | 0MUSIC
| [
15
] | [
"Upon the release of \"Teenage Dream: The Complete Confection\", \"Wide Awake\" made its first appearance on the U.S. \"Billboard\" Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles chart at number 19 based on digital sales alone.",
"After Perry's performance on the 2012 Billboard Music Awards, it debuted on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100 at number 35 as the second highest debut of the week, behind Philip Philips' \"Home\".",
"The same week, the song debuted on multiple \"Billboard\" component charts - at number 29 on the Pop Songs and 35 on the Adult Pop Songs charts.",
"For the chart issue dated June 4, 2012, \"Wide Awake\" debuted at number 50 on the Dance/Club Play Songs chart as well as moving 5 spots on the Pop songs chart to number 20.",
"The song reached the summit on the week of August 4, 2012.",
"On June 13, 2012, the single moved ten positions to nine on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, and has sold 402,000 downloads.",
"The following week, the single reached number 4, and on the chart dated August 11, 2012, it peaked at number 2 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, making the song Perry's eighth consecutive single to reach the top 3 of the chart since \"California Gurls\", as well as her first song to peak in the runner-up position.",
"It was kept off the top spot by Carly Rae Jepsen's \"Call Me Maybe\".",
"On the week August 4, 2012, the song topped the Hot Dance Club Songs chart, making her tenth consecutive number-one on the chart since 2009's \"Waking Up in Vegas\", extending her own record.",
"On the \"Pop Songs\" chart, it is her ninth number-one single tied with Rihanna as artists with most number one on chart.",
"The song has sold over 3,074,841 downloads in the US as of 2013.",
"In Australia, the song debuted at number 26 on the Australian Singles Chart, and peaked at number 4, position it stayed in for three weeks.",
"In New Zealand, the song debuted at number 32, and peaked at number 1 on July 1, 2012, making it Perry's seventh single from the album \"Teenage Dream\" to peak inside the top ten, and her sixth song from the \"Teenage Dream\" era to take out the number one spot.",
"The song was then certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of New Zealand (RIANZ).",
"The song is the eighth song from \"Teenage Dream\" to enter the top ten, and the ninth consecutive top ten single since \"Waking Up in Vegas\" and its eleventh top ten overall.",
"The song makes Perry the female artist with the most number ones on New Zealand (eight), passing the previous record of Mariah Carey with seven number 1 singles.",
"In Canada, the song peaked at number 1, becoming her eighth single to do so.",
"The song became the 21st best selling single in New Zealand of 2012.",
"In the United Kingdom, the song debuted at number 69 on the UK Singles Chart, due to strong downloads in April 2012.",
"The song then re-entered at number 74 in May 2012.",
"It has currently peaked at number 9, selling 24,545 copies in that country.",
"In Ireland, the song launched at number 30 and is currently peaking at number 6."
] | [
0
] |
History | Who was the creator of the modern form of sushi? | Sushi | false | 9FOOD
| [
13
] | [
"The original type of sushi, known today as \"nare-zushi\" (,) was first made in Southeast Asia, possibly along what is now known as the Mekong River.",
"The term \"sushi\" comes from an archaic grammatical form no longer used in other contexts; literally, \"sushi\" means \"sour-tasting\", a reflection of its historic fermented origins.",
"The oldest form of sushi in Japan, \"narezushi\", still very closely resembles this process, wherein fish is fermented via being wrapped in soured fermenting rice.",
"The fish proteins break down via fermentation into their constituent amino acids.",
"The fermenting rice and fish results in a sour taste and also one of the five basic tastes, called \"umami\" in Japanese.",
"Contemporary Japanese sushi has little resemblance to the traditional lacto-fermented rice dish.",
"Originally, when the fermented fish was taken out of the rice, only the fish was consumed while the fermented rice was discarded.",
"The strong-tasting and smelling \"funazushi\", a kind of \"narezushi\" made near Lake Biwa in Japan, resembles the traditional fermented dish.",
"Beginning in the Muromachi period (1336–1573) of Japan, vinegar was added to the mixture for better taste and preservation.",
"The vinegar accentuated the rice's sourness and was known to increase its shelf life, allowing the fermentation process to be shortened and eventually abandoned.",
"In the following centuries, sushi in Osaka evolved into \"oshi-zushi\".",
"The seafood and rice were pressed using wooden (usually bamboo) molds.",
"By the mid 18th century, this form of sushi had reached Edo (contemporary Tokyo).",
"The contemporary version, internationally known as \"sushi\", was created by Hanaya Yohei (1799–1858) at the end of the Edo period in Edo.",
"Sushi invented by Hanaya was an early form of fast food that was not fermented (therefore prepared quickly) and could be conveniently eaten with one's hands.",
"Originally, this sushi was known as \"Edomae zushi\" because it used freshly caught fish in the \"Edo-mae\" (Edo Bay or Tokyo Bay).",
"Though the fish used in modern sushi no longer usually comes from Tokyo Bay, it is still formally known as \"Edomae nigirizushi\".",
"The \"Oxford English Dictionary\" notes the earliest written mention of sushi in English in an 1893 book, \"A Japanese Interior\", where it mentions sushi as \"\"a roll of cold rice with fish, sea-weed, or some other flavoring\"\".",
"However, there is also mention of sushi in a Japanese-English dictionary from 1873, and an 1879 article on Japanese cookery in the journal \"Notes and Queries\"."
] | [
3
] |
Issues | When was "Yokum v. 615 Bourbon Street"? | Bourbon Street | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
1
] | [
"Historically noise violations were the responsibility of the party making the noise.",
"This changed in 1996 with \"Yokum v. 615 Bourbon Street\".",
"The case ruled that the property owner, not the noise-maker is responsible for noise violations.",
"A 2010 city ordinance stipulates that no music may be played in the French Quarter between 8 pm and 9 am.",
"Enforcement has been inconsistent and critics claim its goals are vague.",
"Some even state that is unconstitutional.",
"Besides being difficult to enforce, music aficionados claim that noise ordinances threaten the city's music culture.",
"Local jazz bands, such as the To Be Continued Brass Band, who play in the streets would be prohibited from doing so under such ordinances.",
"Aggressive solicitation bans are a newer issue on Bourbon Street.",
"In 2011, an ordinance was passed that banned individuals and groups from \"disseminating any social, political or religious message\" at night.",
"The ordinance does not explain the justification for this ban.",
"On September 21, 2012, the ACLU of Louisiana won a temporary restraining order against the ban on behalf of Kelsey McCauley, a woman who converted to Christianity through a religious group's activities on Bourbon Street which had several of its members arrested, and some of which were cited, on September 14, 2012 for violating the ordinance.",
"A hearing was set for October 1, 2012.",
"On July 25, 2013, the New Orleans City Council voted 6-0 to amend the law to remove the Bourbon Street ban, with language that was acceptable to attorneys on all opposing sides."
] | [
2
] |
Further periodic table extensions | Is Pekka Pyykko theorise about the Madelung rule? | Periodic table | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
2
] | [
"It is unclear whether new elements will continue the pattern of the current periodic table as period 8, or require further adaptations or adjustments.",
"Seaborg expected the eighth period to follow the previously established pattern exactly, so that it would include a two-element s-block for elements 119 and 120, a new g-block for the next 18 elements, and 30 additional elements continuing the current f-, d-, and p-blocks.",
"More recently, physicists such as Pekka Pyykkö have theorized that these additional elements do not follow the Madelung rule, which predicts how electron shells are filled and thus affects the appearance of the present periodic table."
] | [] |
Etymology and discovery | Which Latin word does quantum come from? | Quantum | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"The word \"quantum\" comes from the Latin \"quantus\", for \"how much\".",
"\"Quanta\", short for \"quanta of electricity\" (electrons) was used in a 1902 article on the photoelectric effect by Philipp Lenard, who credited Hermann von Helmholtz for using the word in the area of electricity.",
"However, the word quantum in general was well known before 1900.",
"It was often used by physicians, such as in the term quantum satis.",
"Both Helmholtz and Julius von Mayer were physicians as well as physicists.",
"Helmholtz used \"quantum\" with reference to heat in his article on Mayer's work, and indeed, the word \"quantum\" can be found in the formulation of the first law of thermodynamics by Mayer in his letter dated July 24, 1841.",
"Max Planck used \"quanta\" to mean \"quanta of matter and electricity\", gas, and heat.",
"In 1905, in response to Planck's work and the experimental work of Lenard, who explained his results by using the term \"quanta of electricity\", Albert Einstein suggested that radiation existed in spatially localized packets which he called \"quanta of light\" (\"Lightquanta\").",
"The concept of quantization of radiation was discovered in 1900 by Max Planck, who had been trying to understand the emission of radiation from heated objects, known as black-body radiation.",
"By assuming that energy can only be absorbed or released in tiny, differential, discrete packets he called \"bundles\" or \"energy elements\", Planck accounted for the fact that certain objects change colour when heated.",
"On December 14, 1900, Planck reported his revolutionary findings to the German Physical Society, and introduced the idea of quantization for the first time as a part of his research on black-body radiation.",
"As a result of his experiments, Planck deduced the numerical value of \"h\", known as the Planck constant, and could also report a more precise value for the Avogadro–Loschmidt number, the number of real molecules in a mole and the unit of electrical charge, to the German Physical Society.",
"After his theory was validated, Planck was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1918 for his discovery."
] | [] |
Varieties | What is dak galbi made with? | Galbi | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"Dwaeji galbi () is made with pork ribs that can be seasoned with a typical ganjang-based sauce or gochujang-based sauce (chili pepper condiment).",
"In the latter case, the dish is called \"maeun dwaeji galbi\" (), literally meaning \"hot and spicy pork ribs\" in Korean.",
"Dak galbi () is made with chicken legs although the name contains \"galbi\".",
"It is seasoned with a gochujang-based sauce, but \"maeun\" (매운, hot and spicy) is not prefixed.",
"Tteokgalbi () is made much like meat balls.",
"Ground beef ribs are clumped together in chunks before being grilled.",
"Rice cakes (tteok) is often grilled with the tteokgalbi, typically at the center of it.",
"L.A.",
"galbi () is made with beef ribs thinly cut across the bone.",
"As the name suggests, this is an American variation that originates from South Korean expatriate communities in the Californian city of Los Angeles.",
"It is prepared in the same way as regular galbi, except that the ribs are cut differently.",
"Because most American butcheries cut ribs rib-eye style, instead of the thicker chunks of individual ribs South Koreans typically do in their own country, South Korean-owned restaurants in Los Angeles made galbi with these thinner cuts of beef with several ribs.",
"This variation has since made its way back to South Korea as well."
] | [
0
] |
Miscellaneous | CNN readers ranked it and which number for the best song of 2012? | Gangnam Style | false | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"The music video came in first with 21% rating in the 2012 Billboard.com's readers poll, beating \"Where Have You Been\" by Rihanna (19%) and \"Beauty and a Beat\" by Justin Bieber featuring Nicki Minaj (11%).",
"The song was the most popular song played on New Year's Eve and the most sung song on the day, leaving \"Auld Lang Syne\" in second place for the first time since 2005, on karaoke company Lucky Voice's online service in the United Kingdom.",
"CNN readers picked \"Gangnam Style\" as the eighth best song of 2012.",
"\"The Week\" (US edition) ranked the song's global popularity at No.",
"6 with the strapline \"'Gangnam Style' takes over the world\" on the 13 biggest pop culture moments of the year list.",
"The phenomenon of the song and the video was also picked as one of the 2012's most viral moments in music by Wendy Geller of Yahoo!",
"Music, and No.",
"2 on the 2012 top 20 music moments list after Whitney Houston's passing by \"Billboard\", being written \"If there's one meme, song and face that has been truly inescapable in the second half of 2012, it's South Korean rapper Psy and his outrageous 'Gangnam Style'.\""
] | [] |
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