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med_paragraph_simplification.py
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# coding=utf-8
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# Copyright 2020 The HuggingFace Datasets Authors and the current dataset script contributor.
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#
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# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
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# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
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# You may obtain a copy of the License at
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#
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# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
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#
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# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
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# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
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# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
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# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
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# limitations under the License.
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"""Covid Dialog dataset in English and Chinese"""
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import copy
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import os
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import re
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import textwrap
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import datasets
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# BibTeX citation
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_CITATION = """\
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@inproceedings{devaraj-etal-2021-paragraph,
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title = "Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts",
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author = "Devaraj, Ashwin and Marshall, Iain and Wallace, Byron and Li, Junyi Jessy",
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booktitle = "Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for
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Computational Linguistics",
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month = jun,
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year = "2021",
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publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
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url = "https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2021.naacl-main.395",
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pages = "4972--4984",
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"""
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# Official description of the dataset
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_DESCRIPTION = textwrap.dedent(
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"""
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"Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts" (Devaraj et al.) studies the problem of learning to simplify
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medical texts. One of their contributions is a new corpus that is composed of technical abstracts and their
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lay summaries on various clinical topics.
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The author generated train/val/test splits, which are available in the GitHub repository linked in the paper.
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The following is an example from the dataset:
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{
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"doi": "10.1002/14651858.CD011112.pub2",
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"abstract": "We included six studies (reported as seven papers) involving 326 participants whose ages ranged
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from 39 to 83 years, with a gender bias towards men (73% to 95% across studies), reflecting the characteristics
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of patients with HNC. The risk of bias in the studies was generally high. We did not pool data from studies
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because of significant differences in the interventions and outcomes evaluated. We found a lack of
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standardisation and consistency in the outcomes measured and the endpoints at which they were evaluated.
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We found no evidence that therapeutic exercises were better than TAU, or any other treatment, in improving the
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safety and efficiency of oral swallowing (our primary outcome) or in improving any of the secondary outcomes.
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Using the GRADE system, we classified the overall quality of the evidence for each outcome as very low, due to
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the limited number of trials and their low quality. There were no adverse events reported that were directly
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attributable to the intervention (swallowing exercises). We found no evidence that undertaking therapeutic
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exercises before, during and/or immediately after HNC treatment leads to improvement in oral swallowing. This
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absence of evidence may be due to the small participant numbers in trials, resulting in insufficient power to
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detect any difference. Data from the identified trials could not be combined due to differences in the choice
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of primary outcomes and in the measurement tools used to assess them, and the differing baseline and endpoints
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across studies. Designing and implementing studies with stronger methodological rigour is essential. There needs
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to be agreement about the key primary outcomes, the choice of validated assessment tools to measure them and the
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time points at which those measurements are made.",
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"pls": "We included six studies with 326 participants who undertook therapeutic exercises before, during and/or
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after HNC treatment. We could not combine the results of the studies because of the variation in participants'
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cancers, their treatments, the outcomes measured and the tools used to assess them, as well as the differing
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time points for testing. Researchers have compared: (i) therapeutic exercises versus treatment as usual (TAU);
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(ii) therapeutic exercises versus sham therapy; (iii) therapeutic exercises plus TAU versus TAU. The therapeutic
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exercises varied in their design, timing and intensity. TAU involved managing patients' dysphagia when it
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occurred, including inserting a tube for non-oral feeding. The evidence is up to date to 1 July 2016. We found
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no evidence that therapeutic exercises were better than TAU, or any other treatment, in improving the safety and
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efficiency of oral swallowing (our primary outcome) or in improving any of the secondary outcomes. However,
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there is insufficient evidence to draw any clear conclusion about the effects of undertaking therapeutic
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exercises before during and/or immediately after HNC treatment on preventing or reducing dysphagia. Studies had
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small participant numbers, used complex interventions and varied in the choice of outcomes measured, making it
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difficult to draw reliable conclusions. There were no reported adverse events directly attributable to the
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intervention (swallowing exercises). The current quality of the evidence to support the use of therapeutic
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exercises before, during and/or immediately after HNC treatment to prevent/reduce dysphagia is very low. We need
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better designed, rigorous studies with larger participant numbers and agreed endpoints and outcome measurements
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in order to draw clear(er) conclusions."
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},
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where "pls" stands for "plain-language summary".
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Paper: http://arxiv.org/abs/2104.05767
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Code: https://github.com/AshOlogn/Paragraph-level-Simplification-of-Medical-Texts
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"""
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)
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# Link to an official homepage for the dataset here
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_HOMEPAGE = "https://github.com/AshOlogn/Paragraph-level-Simplification-of-Medical-Texts"
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_LICENSE = ""
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import datasets
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import os
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import json
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class Builder(datasets.GeneratorBasedBuilder):
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VERSION = datasets.Version("1.0.0")
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BUILDER_CONFIGS = [datasets.BuilderConfig(name="default", version=datasets.Version("1.0.0"), description=_DESCRIPTION)]
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def _info(self):
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features = datasets.Features(
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{
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"query": datasets.Value("string"),
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"answer": datasets.Value("string"),
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}
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)
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return datasets.DatasetInfo(
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description=f"Covid Dialogue dataset, as preprocessed and shuffled in HELM",
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features=features,
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homepage=_HOMEPAGE,
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license=_LICENSE,
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citation=_CITATION,
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)
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def _split_generators(self, dl_manager):
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test_target = dl_manager.download("test.source")
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test_source = dl_manager.download("test.source")
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train_source = dl_manager.download("train.source")
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train_target = dl_manager.download("train.target")
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val_source = dl_manager.download("valid.source")
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val_target = dl_manager.download("valid.target")
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return [
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datasets.SplitGenerator(
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name=datasets.Split.TRAIN,
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gen_kwargs={"target": train_target, "source": train_source},
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),
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datasets.SplitGenerator(
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name=datasets.Split.VALIDATION,
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gen_kwargs={"target": val_target, "source": val_source},
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),
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datasets.SplitGenerator(
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name=datasets.Split.TEST,
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gen_kwargs={"target": test_target, "source": test_source},
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),
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]
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# method parameters are unpacked from `gen_kwargs` as given in `_split_generators`
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def _generate_examples(self, source, target):
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with open(source, encoding="utf-8") as f_source:
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with open(target, encoding="utf-8") as f_target:
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for idx, (s, t) in enumerate(zip(f_source, f_target)):
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yield idx, {"query": s.rstrip(), "answer": t.rstrip()}
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