{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Welcome to the Second Lab - Week 1, Day 3\n", "\n", "Today we will work with lots of models! This is a way to get comfortable with APIs." ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
\n", " \n", " \n", "

Important point - please read

\n", " The way I collaborate with you may be different to other courses you've taken. I prefer not to type code while you watch. Rather, I execute Jupyter Labs, like this, and give you an intuition for what's going on. My suggestion is that you carefully execute this yourself, after watching the lecture. Add print statements to understand what's going on, and then come up with your own variations.

If you have time, I'd love it if you submit a PR for changes in the community_contributions folder - instructions in the resources. Also, if you have a Github account, use this to showcase your variations. Not only is this essential practice, but it demonstrates your skills to others, including perhaps future clients or employers...\n", " \n", "
" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 12, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# Start with imports - ask ChatGPT to explain any package that you don't know\n", "\n", "import os\n", "import json\n", "from dotenv import load_dotenv\n", "from openai import OpenAI\n", "from openai import AzureOpenAI\n", "from anthropic import Anthropic\n", "from IPython.display import Markdown, display" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "True" ] }, "execution_count": 13, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "# Always remember to do this!\n", "load_dotenv(override=True)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 14, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "OpenAI API Key exists and begins BHvtnTIW\n", "Anthropic API Key not set (and this is optional)\n", "Google API Key not set (and this is optional)\n", "DeepSeek API Key not set (and this is optional)\n", "Groq API Key not set (and this is optional)\n" ] } ], "source": [ "# Print the key prefixes to help with any debugging\n", "\n", "from sys import api_version\n", "\n", "\n", "openai_api_key = os.getenv('OPENAI_API_KEY')\n", "azure_endpoint = os.getenv('AZURE_ENDPOINT')\n", "api_version= os.getenv('OPENAI_API_VERSION')\n", "\n", "anthropic_api_key = os.getenv('ANTHROPIC_API_KEY')\n", "google_api_key = os.getenv('GOOGLE_API_KEY')\n", "deepseek_api_key = os.getenv('DEEPSEEK_API_KEY')\n", "groq_api_key = os.getenv('GROQ_API_KEY')\n", "\n", "if openai_api_key:\n", " print(f\"OpenAI API Key exists and begins {openai_api_key[:8]}\")\n", "else:\n", " print(\"OpenAI API Key not set\")\n", " \n", "if anthropic_api_key:\n", " print(f\"Anthropic API Key exists and begins {anthropic_api_key[:7]}\")\n", "else:\n", " print(\"Anthropic API Key not set (and this is optional)\")\n", "\n", "if google_api_key:\n", " print(f\"Google API Key exists and begins {google_api_key[:2]}\")\n", "else:\n", " print(\"Google API Key not set (and this is optional)\")\n", "\n", "if deepseek_api_key:\n", " print(f\"DeepSeek API Key exists and begins {deepseek_api_key[:3]}\")\n", "else:\n", " print(\"DeepSeek API Key not set (and this is optional)\")\n", "\n", "if groq_api_key:\n", " print(f\"Groq API Key exists and begins {groq_api_key[:4]}\")\n", "else:\n", " print(\"Groq API Key not set (and this is optional)\")" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 15, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "request = \"Please come up with a challenging, nuanced question that I can ask a number of LLMs to evaluate their intelligence. \"\n", "request += \"Answer only with the question, no explanation.\"\n", "messages = [{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": request}]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/plain": [ "[{'role': 'user',\n", " 'content': 'Please come up with a challenging, nuanced question that I can ask a number of LLMs to evaluate their intelligence. Answer only with the question, no explanation.'}]" ] }, "execution_count": 16, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "execute_result" } ], "source": [ "messages" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 17, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "How would you approach resolving a moral dilemma where two individual's lives are at stake, with one life directly dependent on your decision to save the other, and both lives have equal intrinsic value to the society at large?\n" ] } ], "source": [ "openai = AzureOpenAI(\n", " api_key=openai_api_key,\n", " azure_endpoint=azure_endpoint,\n", " # api_version=\"2024-12-01-preview\",\n", ")\n", "response = openai.chat.completions.create(\n", " model=\"gpt-4o-mini\",\n", " messages=messages,\n", ")\n", "question = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "print(question)\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 18, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "competitors = []\n", "answers = []\n", "messages = [{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": question}]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 19, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/markdown": [ "Resolving a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake, each with equal intrinsic value to society, is highly complex and sensitive. Here are some steps I would consider in approaching this situation:\n", "\n", "1. **Assess the Situation**: Gather all relevant information about the context. Understand the specifics of why one life is dependent on the decision to save the other. Are there any legal, ethical, or situational frameworks that could guide your decision?\n", "\n", "2. **Evaluate the Individuals**: While both lives are deemed to have equal intrinsic value, look at any contextual factors that may impact the decision. This could include their roles in the community, dependents, or potential for future contributions. However, this step should be approached cautiously to avoid unnecessary biases.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider Ethical Frameworks**:\n", " - **Utilitarianism**: This framework focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number. Assess whether saving one individual over the other would lead to better overall outcomes.\n", " - **Deontological Ethics**: Consider the moral obligations and duties involved. Are there prior commitments or rules that might dictate a course of action?\n", " - **Virtue Ethics**: Reflect on what a good person would do in such a situation and how the decision would align with virtues like compassion, fairness, and integrity.\n", "\n", "4. **Consult Others**: If possible, seek advice from trusted colleagues, mentors, or ethics committees. Their input could provide diverse perspectives and help you think through the implications of your decision.\n", "\n", "5. **Emotional Reflection**: Recognize the emotional weight of the decision. Reflect on your own feelings and the potential impact on all involved, including yourself after the decision is made.\n", "\n", "6. **Action Plan**: Decide on the course of action. Prepare to communicate your decision clearly and compassionately to all parties involved, considering that they will be affected deeply by your choice.\n", "\n", "7. **Prepare for Consequences**: Acknowledge that whatever choice you make, there will be legal, emotional, and societal repercussions. Be ready to accept and manage these consequences.\n", "\n", "8. **Reflect Post-Decision**: After the decision has been made, take time to reflect on the process and the outcome. Consider what you learned and how it might inform your future decision-making in similar situations.\n", "\n", "Ultimately, while there may not be a \"right\" answer, a careful, thoughtful approach that weighs the ethical considerations and consequences is essential." ], "text/plain": [ "" ] }, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "# The API we know well\n", "\n", "model_name = \"gpt-4o-mini\"\n", "\n", "response = openai.chat.completions.create(model=model_name, messages=messages)\n", "answer = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 20, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "ename": "TypeError", "evalue": "\"Could not resolve authentication method. Expected either api_key or auth_token to be set. Or for one of the `X-Api-Key` or `Authorization` headers to be explicitly omitted\"", "output_type": "error", "traceback": [ "\u001b[31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[39m", "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m Traceback (most recent call last)", "\u001b[36mCell\u001b[39m\u001b[36m \u001b[39m\u001b[32mIn[20]\u001b[39m\u001b[32m, line 6\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 3\u001b[39m model_name = \u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mclaude-3-7-sonnet-latest\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 5\u001b[39m claude = Anthropic()\n\u001b[32m----> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m6\u001b[39m response = \u001b[43mclaude\u001b[49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmessages\u001b[49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43mcreate\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmodel\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmodel_name\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mmessages\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmessages\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mmax_tokens\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[32;43m1000\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 7\u001b[39m answer = response.content[\u001b[32m0\u001b[39m].text\n\u001b[32m 9\u001b[39m display(Markdown(answer))\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_utils/_utils.py:283\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mrequired_args..inner..wrapper\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(*args, **kwargs)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 281\u001b[39m msg = \u001b[33mf\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mMissing required argument: \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mquote(missing[\u001b[32m0\u001b[39m])\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 282\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mTypeError\u001b[39;00m(msg)\n\u001b[32m--> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m283\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[43mfunc\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43m*\u001b[49m\u001b[43margs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m*\u001b[49m\u001b[43m*\u001b[49m\u001b[43mkwargs\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/resources/messages/messages.py:978\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mMessages.create\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, max_tokens, messages, model, metadata, service_tier, stop_sequences, stream, system, temperature, thinking, tool_choice, tools, top_k, top_p, extra_headers, extra_query, extra_body, timeout)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 971\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m model \u001b[38;5;129;01min\u001b[39;00m DEPRECATED_MODELS:\n\u001b[32m 972\u001b[39m warnings.warn(\n\u001b[32m 973\u001b[39m \u001b[33mf\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mThe model \u001b[39m\u001b[33m'\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mmodel\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[33m'\u001b[39m\u001b[33m is deprecated and will reach end-of-life on \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00mDEPRECATED_MODELS[model]\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[33m.\u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;130;01m\\n\u001b[39;00m\u001b[33mPlease migrate to a newer model. Visit https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/resources/model-deprecations for more information.\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[32m 974\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;167;01mDeprecationWarning\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[32m 975\u001b[39m stacklevel=\u001b[32m3\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[32m 976\u001b[39m )\n\u001b[32m--> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m978\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43m_post\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 979\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m/v1/messages\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 980\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mbody\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmaybe_transform\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 981\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m{\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 982\u001b[39m \u001b[43m 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\u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43mservice_tier\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mservice_tier\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 987\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43mstop_sequences\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstop_sequences\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 988\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43mstream\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 989\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43msystem\u001b[39;49m\u001b[33;43m\"\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m:\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43msystem\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 990\u001b[39m \u001b[43m 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\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmessage_create_params\u001b[49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43mMessageCreateParamsNonStreaming\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1000\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1001\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43moptions\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mmake_request_options\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1002\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_headers\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_headers\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_query\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_query\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_body\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mextra_body\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mtimeout\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mtimeout\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1003\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1004\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mcast_to\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mMessage\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1005\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;129;43;01mor\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[38;5;28;43;01mFalse\u001b[39;49;00m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1006\u001b[39m \u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream_cls\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mStream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m[\u001b[49m\u001b[43mRawMessageStreamEvent\u001b[49m\u001b[43m]\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1007\u001b[39m \u001b[43m\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_base_client.py:1314\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mSyncAPIClient.post\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, path, cast_to, body, options, files, stream, stream_cls)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 1300\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mdef\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;250m \u001b[39m\u001b[34mpost\u001b[39m(\n\u001b[32m 1301\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[32m 1302\u001b[39m path: \u001b[38;5;28mstr\u001b[39m,\n\u001b[32m (...)\u001b[39m\u001b[32m 1309\u001b[39m stream_cls: \u001b[38;5;28mtype\u001b[39m[_StreamT] | \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m = \u001b[38;5;28;01mNone\u001b[39;00m,\n\u001b[32m 1310\u001b[39m ) -> ResponseT | _StreamT:\n\u001b[32m 1311\u001b[39m opts = FinalRequestOptions.construct(\n\u001b[32m 1312\u001b[39m method=\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mpost\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m, url=path, json_data=body, files=to_httpx_files(files), **options\n\u001b[32m 1313\u001b[39m )\n\u001b[32m-> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1314\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m cast(ResponseT, \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43mrequest\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mcast_to\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mopts\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream_cls\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mstream_cls\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m)\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_base_client.py:1023\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mSyncAPIClient.request\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, cast_to, options, stream, stream_cls)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 1020\u001b[39m options = \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m._prepare_options(options)\n\u001b[32m 1022\u001b[39m remaining_retries = max_retries - retries_taken\n\u001b[32m-> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m1023\u001b[39m request = \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43m_build_request\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43moptions\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mretries_taken\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mretries_taken\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 1024\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m._prepare_request(request)\n\u001b[32m 1026\u001b[39m kwargs: HttpxSendArgs = {}\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_base_client.py:506\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mBaseClient._build_request\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, options, retries_taken)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 503\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01melse\u001b[39;00m:\n\u001b[32m 504\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mRuntimeError\u001b[39;00m(\u001b[33mf\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mUnexpected JSON data type, \u001b[39m\u001b[38;5;132;01m{\u001b[39;00m\u001b[38;5;28mtype\u001b[39m(json_data)\u001b[38;5;132;01m}\u001b[39;00m\u001b[33m, cannot merge with `extra_body`\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m)\n\u001b[32m--> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m506\u001b[39m headers = \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43m_build_headers\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43moptions\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mretries_taken\u001b[49m\u001b[43m=\u001b[49m\u001b[43mretries_taken\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 507\u001b[39m params = _merge_mappings(\u001b[38;5;28mself\u001b[39m.default_query, options.params)\n\u001b[32m 508\u001b[39m content_type = headers.get(\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mContent-Type\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m)\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_base_client.py:447\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mBaseClient._build_headers\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, options, retries_taken)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 437\u001b[39m custom_headers = options.headers \u001b[38;5;129;01mor\u001b[39;00m {}\n\u001b[32m 438\u001b[39m headers_dict = _merge_mappings(\n\u001b[32m 439\u001b[39m {\n\u001b[32m 440\u001b[39m \u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mx-stainless-timeout\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m: \u001b[38;5;28mstr\u001b[39m(options.timeout.read)\n\u001b[32m (...)\u001b[39m\u001b[32m 445\u001b[39m custom_headers,\n\u001b[32m 446\u001b[39m )\n\u001b[32m--> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m447\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;43mself\u001b[39;49m\u001b[43m.\u001b[49m\u001b[43m_validate_headers\u001b[49m\u001b[43m(\u001b[49m\u001b[43mheaders_dict\u001b[49m\u001b[43m,\u001b[49m\u001b[43m \u001b[49m\u001b[43mcustom_headers\u001b[49m\u001b[43m)\u001b[49m\n\u001b[32m 449\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;66;03m# headers are case-insensitive while dictionaries are not.\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[32m 450\u001b[39m headers = httpx.Headers(headers_dict)\n", "\u001b[36mFile \u001b[39m\u001b[32m~/agents/agents/.venv/lib/python3.12/site-packages/anthropic/_client.py:196\u001b[39m, in \u001b[36mAnthropic._validate_headers\u001b[39m\u001b[34m(self, headers, custom_headers)\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 193\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mif\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;28misinstance\u001b[39m(custom_headers.get(\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mAuthorization\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m), Omit):\n\u001b[32m 194\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mreturn\u001b[39;00m\n\u001b[32m--> \u001b[39m\u001b[32m196\u001b[39m \u001b[38;5;28;01mraise\u001b[39;00m \u001b[38;5;167;01mTypeError\u001b[39;00m(\n\u001b[32m 197\u001b[39m \u001b[33m'\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33mCould not resolve authentication method. Expected either api_key or auth_token to be set. Or for one of the `X-Api-Key` or `Authorization` headers to be explicitly omitted\u001b[39m\u001b[33m\"\u001b[39m\u001b[33m'\u001b[39m\n\u001b[32m 198\u001b[39m )\n", "\u001b[31mTypeError\u001b[39m: \"Could not resolve authentication method. Expected either api_key or auth_token to be set. Or for one of the `X-Api-Key` or `Authorization` headers to be explicitly omitted\"" ] } ], "source": [ "# Anthropic has a slightly different API, and Max Tokens is required\n", "\n", "model_name = \"claude-3-7-sonnet-latest\"\n", "\n", "claude = Anthropic()\n", "response = claude.messages.create(model=model_name, messages=messages, max_tokens=1000)\n", "answer = response.content[0].text\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "gemini = OpenAI(api_key=google_api_key, base_url=\"https://generativelanguage.googleapis.com/v1beta/openai/\")\n", "model_name = \"gemini-2.0-flash\"\n", "\n", "response = gemini.chat.completions.create(model=model_name, messages=messages)\n", "answer = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "deepseek = OpenAI(api_key=deepseek_api_key, base_url=\"https://api.deepseek.com/v1\")\n", "model_name = \"deepseek-chat\"\n", "\n", "response = deepseek.chat.completions.create(model=model_name, messages=messages)\n", "answer = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "groq = OpenAI(api_key=groq_api_key, base_url=\"https://api.groq.com/openai/v1\")\n", "model_name = \"llama-3.3-70b-versatile\"\n", "\n", "response = groq.chat.completions.create(model=model_name, messages=messages)\n", "answer = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## For the next cell, we will use Ollama\n", "\n", "Ollama runs a local web service that gives an OpenAI compatible endpoint, \n", "and runs models locally using high performance C++ code.\n", "\n", "If you don't have Ollama, install it here by visiting https://ollama.com then pressing Download and following the instructions.\n", "\n", "After it's installed, you should be able to visit here: http://localhost:11434 and see the message \"Ollama is running\"\n", "\n", "You might need to restart Cursor (and maybe reboot). Then open a Terminal (control+\\`) and run `ollama serve`\n", "\n", "Useful Ollama commands (run these in the terminal, or with an exclamation mark in this notebook):\n", "\n", "`ollama pull ` downloads a model locally \n", "`ollama ls` lists all the models you've downloaded \n", "`ollama rm ` deletes the specified model from your downloads" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
\n", " \n", " \n", "

Super important - ignore me at your peril!

\n", " The model called llama3.3 is FAR too large for home computers - it's not intended for personal computing and will consume all your resources! Stick with the nicely sized llama3.2 or llama3.2:1b and if you want larger, try llama3.1 or smaller variants of Qwen, Gemma, Phi or DeepSeek. See the the Ollama models page for a full list of models and sizes.\n", " \n", "
" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠋ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠙ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠹ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠸ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠼ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠴ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠧ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠧ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠇ 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manifest ⠴ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠦ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠧ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠇ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l\u001b[?2026h\u001b[?25l\u001b[1Gpulling manifest ⠋ \u001b[K\u001b[?25h\u001b[?2026l^C\n" ] } ], "source": [ "!ollama pull llama3.2" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 21, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "data": { "text/markdown": [ "When faced with a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake and each has equally significant value to society, resolving it requires careful consideration of various factors. Here's a structured approach:\n", "\n", "1. **Acknowledge the dilemma**: Identify the conflicting values, interests, or principles involved in the situation. Recognize that there is no clear-cut \"right\" or \"wrong\" answer.\n", "\n", "2. **Understand the context and facts**: Gather as much information as possible about the individuals involved, their relationships, motivations, and potential consequences of each action.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider multiple perspectives**: Engage with diverse viewpoints, including:\n", "\t* Empathy: Understand both individuals' stories, desires, aspirations, fears, and needs.\n", "\t* Ethical theories (e.g., deontology, consequentialism, virtue ethics).\n", "\t* Legal and social contexts that may influence the resolution.\n", "\n", "4. **Weigh moral frameworks**: Consider key concepts like harm or benefit reduction, fairness, proportionality, distributive justice, and autonomy.\n", "\n", "5. **Consult with others**: Seek the counsel of experts (e.g., law enforcement, medical professionals), trusted mentors, or peers to gain a broader understanding and new insights.\n", "\n", "6. **Utilize critical thinking skills**:\n", "\t* Analyze data systematically.\n", "\t* Identify patterns, biases, or assumptions.\n", "\t* Explore alternative scenarios and outcomes.\n", "\t* Consider long-term implications of each option.\n", "\n", "7. **Integrate decision-making aspects**: Combine objective analysis with subjective values, if both seem relevant to the situation (be aware that this can introduce more uncertainty).\n", "\n", "8. **Make a decision based on best judgment**: Evaluate your options together using all relevant factors gathered and applied through your analytical processes. Consider whether there is still hope after you have made your choice.\n", "\n", "Some additional concepts which assist in solving such problems could be:\n", "\n", "- Pragmatism: Considering the results of each option.\n", "- Relational ethics: Focusing on connections between people with different needs, rights and roles (which often involves looking beyond individual perspectives)." ], "text/plain": [ "" ] }, "metadata": {}, "output_type": "display_data" } ], "source": [ "ollama = OpenAI(base_url='http://localhost:11434/v1', api_key='ollama')\n", "model_name = \"llama3.2\"\n", "\n", "response = ollama.chat.completions.create(model=model_name, messages=messages)\n", "answer = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "\n", "display(Markdown(answer))\n", "competitors.append(model_name)\n", "answers.append(answer)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 22, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "['gpt-4o-mini', 'llama3.2']\n", "['Resolving a moral dilemma where two individuals\\' lives are at stake, each with equal intrinsic value to society, is highly complex and sensitive. Here are some steps I would consider in approaching this situation:\\n\\n1. **Assess the Situation**: Gather all relevant information about the context. Understand the specifics of why one life is dependent on the decision to save the other. Are there any legal, ethical, or situational frameworks that could guide your decision?\\n\\n2. **Evaluate the Individuals**: While both lives are deemed to have equal intrinsic value, look at any contextual factors that may impact the decision. This could include their roles in the community, dependents, or potential for future contributions. However, this step should be approached cautiously to avoid unnecessary biases.\\n\\n3. **Consider Ethical Frameworks**:\\n - **Utilitarianism**: This framework focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number. Assess whether saving one individual over the other would lead to better overall outcomes.\\n - **Deontological Ethics**: Consider the moral obligations and duties involved. Are there prior commitments or rules that might dictate a course of action?\\n - **Virtue Ethics**: Reflect on what a good person would do in such a situation and how the decision would align with virtues like compassion, fairness, and integrity.\\n\\n4. **Consult Others**: If possible, seek advice from trusted colleagues, mentors, or ethics committees. Their input could provide diverse perspectives and help you think through the implications of your decision.\\n\\n5. **Emotional Reflection**: Recognize the emotional weight of the decision. Reflect on your own feelings and the potential impact on all involved, including yourself after the decision is made.\\n\\n6. **Action Plan**: Decide on the course of action. Prepare to communicate your decision clearly and compassionately to all parties involved, considering that they will be affected deeply by your choice.\\n\\n7. **Prepare for Consequences**: Acknowledge that whatever choice you make, there will be legal, emotional, and societal repercussions. Be ready to accept and manage these consequences.\\n\\n8. **Reflect Post-Decision**: After the decision has been made, take time to reflect on the process and the outcome. Consider what you learned and how it might inform your future decision-making in similar situations.\\n\\nUltimately, while there may not be a \"right\" answer, a careful, thoughtful approach that weighs the ethical considerations and consequences is essential.', 'When faced with a moral dilemma where two individuals\\' lives are at stake and each has equally significant value to society, resolving it requires careful consideration of various factors. Here\\'s a structured approach:\\n\\n1. **Acknowledge the dilemma**: Identify the conflicting values, interests, or principles involved in the situation. Recognize that there is no clear-cut \"right\" or \"wrong\" answer.\\n\\n2. **Understand the context and facts**: Gather as much information as possible about the individuals involved, their relationships, motivations, and potential consequences of each action.\\n\\n3. **Consider multiple perspectives**: Engage with diverse viewpoints, including:\\n\\t* Empathy: Understand both individuals\\' stories, desires, aspirations, fears, and needs.\\n\\t* Ethical theories (e.g., deontology, consequentialism, virtue ethics).\\n\\t* Legal and social contexts that may influence the resolution.\\n\\n4. **Weigh moral frameworks**: Consider key concepts like harm or benefit reduction, fairness, proportionality, distributive justice, and autonomy.\\n\\n5. **Consult with others**: Seek the counsel of experts (e.g., law enforcement, medical professionals), trusted mentors, or peers to gain a broader understanding and new insights.\\n\\n6. **Utilize critical thinking skills**:\\n\\t* Analyze data systematically.\\n\\t* Identify patterns, biases, or assumptions.\\n\\t* Explore alternative scenarios and outcomes.\\n\\t* Consider long-term implications of each option.\\n\\n7. **Integrate decision-making aspects**: Combine objective analysis with subjective values, if both seem relevant to the situation (be aware that this can introduce more uncertainty).\\n\\n8. **Make a decision based on best judgment**: Evaluate your options together using all relevant factors gathered and applied through your analytical processes. Consider whether there is still hope after you have made your choice.\\n\\nSome additional concepts which assist in solving such problems could be:\\n\\n- Pragmatism: Considering the results of each option.\\n- Relational ethics: Focusing on connections between people with different needs, rights and roles (which often involves looking beyond individual perspectives).']\n" ] } ], "source": [ "# So where are we?\n", "\n", "print(competitors)\n", "print(answers)\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 23, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Competitor: gpt-4o-mini\n", "\n", "Resolving a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake, each with equal intrinsic value to society, is highly complex and sensitive. Here are some steps I would consider in approaching this situation:\n", "\n", "1. **Assess the Situation**: Gather all relevant information about the context. Understand the specifics of why one life is dependent on the decision to save the other. Are there any legal, ethical, or situational frameworks that could guide your decision?\n", "\n", "2. **Evaluate the Individuals**: While both lives are deemed to have equal intrinsic value, look at any contextual factors that may impact the decision. This could include their roles in the community, dependents, or potential for future contributions. However, this step should be approached cautiously to avoid unnecessary biases.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider Ethical Frameworks**:\n", " - **Utilitarianism**: This framework focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number. Assess whether saving one individual over the other would lead to better overall outcomes.\n", " - **Deontological Ethics**: Consider the moral obligations and duties involved. Are there prior commitments or rules that might dictate a course of action?\n", " - **Virtue Ethics**: Reflect on what a good person would do in such a situation and how the decision would align with virtues like compassion, fairness, and integrity.\n", "\n", "4. **Consult Others**: If possible, seek advice from trusted colleagues, mentors, or ethics committees. Their input could provide diverse perspectives and help you think through the implications of your decision.\n", "\n", "5. **Emotional Reflection**: Recognize the emotional weight of the decision. Reflect on your own feelings and the potential impact on all involved, including yourself after the decision is made.\n", "\n", "6. **Action Plan**: Decide on the course of action. Prepare to communicate your decision clearly and compassionately to all parties involved, considering that they will be affected deeply by your choice.\n", "\n", "7. **Prepare for Consequences**: Acknowledge that whatever choice you make, there will be legal, emotional, and societal repercussions. Be ready to accept and manage these consequences.\n", "\n", "8. **Reflect Post-Decision**: After the decision has been made, take time to reflect on the process and the outcome. Consider what you learned and how it might inform your future decision-making in similar situations.\n", "\n", "Ultimately, while there may not be a \"right\" answer, a careful, thoughtful approach that weighs the ethical considerations and consequences is essential.\n", "Competitor: llama3.2\n", "\n", "When faced with a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake and each has equally significant value to society, resolving it requires careful consideration of various factors. Here's a structured approach:\n", "\n", "1. **Acknowledge the dilemma**: Identify the conflicting values, interests, or principles involved in the situation. Recognize that there is no clear-cut \"right\" or \"wrong\" answer.\n", "\n", "2. **Understand the context and facts**: Gather as much information as possible about the individuals involved, their relationships, motivations, and potential consequences of each action.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider multiple perspectives**: Engage with diverse viewpoints, including:\n", "\t* Empathy: Understand both individuals' stories, desires, aspirations, fears, and needs.\n", "\t* Ethical theories (e.g., deontology, consequentialism, virtue ethics).\n", "\t* Legal and social contexts that may influence the resolution.\n", "\n", "4. **Weigh moral frameworks**: Consider key concepts like harm or benefit reduction, fairness, proportionality, distributive justice, and autonomy.\n", "\n", "5. **Consult with others**: Seek the counsel of experts (e.g., law enforcement, medical professionals), trusted mentors, or peers to gain a broader understanding and new insights.\n", "\n", "6. **Utilize critical thinking skills**:\n", "\t* Analyze data systematically.\n", "\t* Identify patterns, biases, or assumptions.\n", "\t* Explore alternative scenarios and outcomes.\n", "\t* Consider long-term implications of each option.\n", "\n", "7. **Integrate decision-making aspects**: Combine objective analysis with subjective values, if both seem relevant to the situation (be aware that this can introduce more uncertainty).\n", "\n", "8. **Make a decision based on best judgment**: Evaluate your options together using all relevant factors gathered and applied through your analytical processes. Consider whether there is still hope after you have made your choice.\n", "\n", "Some additional concepts which assist in solving such problems could be:\n", "\n", "- Pragmatism: Considering the results of each option.\n", "- Relational ethics: Focusing on connections between people with different needs, rights and roles (which often involves looking beyond individual perspectives).\n" ] } ], "source": [ "# It's nice to know how to use \"zip\"\n", "for competitor, answer in zip(competitors, answers):\n", " print(f\"Competitor: {competitor}\\n\\n{answer}\")\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 24, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "# Let's bring this together - note the use of \"enumerate\"\n", "\n", "together = \"\"\n", "for index, answer in enumerate(answers):\n", " together += f\"# Response from competitor {index+1}\\n\\n\"\n", " together += answer + \"\\n\\n\"" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 25, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "# Response from competitor 1\n", "\n", "Resolving a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake, each with equal intrinsic value to society, is highly complex and sensitive. Here are some steps I would consider in approaching this situation:\n", "\n", "1. **Assess the Situation**: Gather all relevant information about the context. Understand the specifics of why one life is dependent on the decision to save the other. Are there any legal, ethical, or situational frameworks that could guide your decision?\n", "\n", "2. **Evaluate the Individuals**: While both lives are deemed to have equal intrinsic value, look at any contextual factors that may impact the decision. This could include their roles in the community, dependents, or potential for future contributions. However, this step should be approached cautiously to avoid unnecessary biases.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider Ethical Frameworks**:\n", " - **Utilitarianism**: This framework focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number. Assess whether saving one individual over the other would lead to better overall outcomes.\n", " - **Deontological Ethics**: Consider the moral obligations and duties involved. Are there prior commitments or rules that might dictate a course of action?\n", " - **Virtue Ethics**: Reflect on what a good person would do in such a situation and how the decision would align with virtues like compassion, fairness, and integrity.\n", "\n", "4. **Consult Others**: If possible, seek advice from trusted colleagues, mentors, or ethics committees. Their input could provide diverse perspectives and help you think through the implications of your decision.\n", "\n", "5. **Emotional Reflection**: Recognize the emotional weight of the decision. Reflect on your own feelings and the potential impact on all involved, including yourself after the decision is made.\n", "\n", "6. **Action Plan**: Decide on the course of action. Prepare to communicate your decision clearly and compassionately to all parties involved, considering that they will be affected deeply by your choice.\n", "\n", "7. **Prepare for Consequences**: Acknowledge that whatever choice you make, there will be legal, emotional, and societal repercussions. Be ready to accept and manage these consequences.\n", "\n", "8. **Reflect Post-Decision**: After the decision has been made, take time to reflect on the process and the outcome. Consider what you learned and how it might inform your future decision-making in similar situations.\n", "\n", "Ultimately, while there may not be a \"right\" answer, a careful, thoughtful approach that weighs the ethical considerations and consequences is essential.\n", "\n", "# Response from competitor 2\n", "\n", "When faced with a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake and each has equally significant value to society, resolving it requires careful consideration of various factors. Here's a structured approach:\n", "\n", "1. **Acknowledge the dilemma**: Identify the conflicting values, interests, or principles involved in the situation. Recognize that there is no clear-cut \"right\" or \"wrong\" answer.\n", "\n", "2. **Understand the context and facts**: Gather as much information as possible about the individuals involved, their relationships, motivations, and potential consequences of each action.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider multiple perspectives**: Engage with diverse viewpoints, including:\n", "\t* Empathy: Understand both individuals' stories, desires, aspirations, fears, and needs.\n", "\t* Ethical theories (e.g., deontology, consequentialism, virtue ethics).\n", "\t* Legal and social contexts that may influence the resolution.\n", "\n", "4. **Weigh moral frameworks**: Consider key concepts like harm or benefit reduction, fairness, proportionality, distributive justice, and autonomy.\n", "\n", "5. **Consult with others**: Seek the counsel of experts (e.g., law enforcement, medical professionals), trusted mentors, or peers to gain a broader understanding and new insights.\n", "\n", "6. **Utilize critical thinking skills**:\n", "\t* Analyze data systematically.\n", "\t* Identify patterns, biases, or assumptions.\n", "\t* Explore alternative scenarios and outcomes.\n", "\t* Consider long-term implications of each option.\n", "\n", "7. **Integrate decision-making aspects**: Combine objective analysis with subjective values, if both seem relevant to the situation (be aware that this can introduce more uncertainty).\n", "\n", "8. **Make a decision based on best judgment**: Evaluate your options together using all relevant factors gathered and applied through your analytical processes. Consider whether there is still hope after you have made your choice.\n", "\n", "Some additional concepts which assist in solving such problems could be:\n", "\n", "- Pragmatism: Considering the results of each option.\n", "- Relational ethics: Focusing on connections between people with different needs, rights and roles (which often involves looking beyond individual perspectives).\n", "\n", "\n" ] } ], "source": [ "print(together)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 26, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "judge = f\"\"\"You are judging a competition between {len(competitors)} competitors.\n", "Each model has been given this question:\n", "\n", "{question}\n", "\n", "Your job is to evaluate each response for clarity and strength of argument, and rank them in order of best to worst.\n", "Respond with JSON, and only JSON, with the following format:\n", "{{\"results\": [\"best competitor number\", \"second best competitor number\", \"third best competitor number\", ...]}}\n", "\n", "Here are the responses from each competitor:\n", "\n", "{together}\n", "\n", "Now respond with the JSON with the ranked order of the competitors, nothing else. Do not include markdown formatting or code blocks.\"\"\"\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 27, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "You are judging a competition between 2 competitors.\n", "Each model has been given this question:\n", "\n", "How would you approach resolving a moral dilemma where two individual's lives are at stake, with one life directly dependent on your decision to save the other, and both lives have equal intrinsic value to the society at large?\n", "\n", "Your job is to evaluate each response for clarity and strength of argument, and rank them in order of best to worst.\n", "Respond with JSON, and only JSON, with the following format:\n", "{\"results\": [\"best competitor number\", \"second best competitor number\", \"third best competitor number\", ...]}\n", "\n", "Here are the responses from each competitor:\n", "\n", "# Response from competitor 1\n", "\n", "Resolving a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake, each with equal intrinsic value to society, is highly complex and sensitive. Here are some steps I would consider in approaching this situation:\n", "\n", "1. **Assess the Situation**: Gather all relevant information about the context. Understand the specifics of why one life is dependent on the decision to save the other. Are there any legal, ethical, or situational frameworks that could guide your decision?\n", "\n", "2. **Evaluate the Individuals**: While both lives are deemed to have equal intrinsic value, look at any contextual factors that may impact the decision. This could include their roles in the community, dependents, or potential for future contributions. However, this step should be approached cautiously to avoid unnecessary biases.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider Ethical Frameworks**:\n", " - **Utilitarianism**: This framework focuses on the greatest good for the greatest number. Assess whether saving one individual over the other would lead to better overall outcomes.\n", " - **Deontological Ethics**: Consider the moral obligations and duties involved. Are there prior commitments or rules that might dictate a course of action?\n", " - **Virtue Ethics**: Reflect on what a good person would do in such a situation and how the decision would align with virtues like compassion, fairness, and integrity.\n", "\n", "4. **Consult Others**: If possible, seek advice from trusted colleagues, mentors, or ethics committees. Their input could provide diverse perspectives and help you think through the implications of your decision.\n", "\n", "5. **Emotional Reflection**: Recognize the emotional weight of the decision. Reflect on your own feelings and the potential impact on all involved, including yourself after the decision is made.\n", "\n", "6. **Action Plan**: Decide on the course of action. Prepare to communicate your decision clearly and compassionately to all parties involved, considering that they will be affected deeply by your choice.\n", "\n", "7. **Prepare for Consequences**: Acknowledge that whatever choice you make, there will be legal, emotional, and societal repercussions. Be ready to accept and manage these consequences.\n", "\n", "8. **Reflect Post-Decision**: After the decision has been made, take time to reflect on the process and the outcome. Consider what you learned and how it might inform your future decision-making in similar situations.\n", "\n", "Ultimately, while there may not be a \"right\" answer, a careful, thoughtful approach that weighs the ethical considerations and consequences is essential.\n", "\n", "# Response from competitor 2\n", "\n", "When faced with a moral dilemma where two individuals' lives are at stake and each has equally significant value to society, resolving it requires careful consideration of various factors. Here's a structured approach:\n", "\n", "1. **Acknowledge the dilemma**: Identify the conflicting values, interests, or principles involved in the situation. Recognize that there is no clear-cut \"right\" or \"wrong\" answer.\n", "\n", "2. **Understand the context and facts**: Gather as much information as possible about the individuals involved, their relationships, motivations, and potential consequences of each action.\n", "\n", "3. **Consider multiple perspectives**: Engage with diverse viewpoints, including:\n", "\t* Empathy: Understand both individuals' stories, desires, aspirations, fears, and needs.\n", "\t* Ethical theories (e.g., deontology, consequentialism, virtue ethics).\n", "\t* Legal and social contexts that may influence the resolution.\n", "\n", "4. **Weigh moral frameworks**: Consider key concepts like harm or benefit reduction, fairness, proportionality, distributive justice, and autonomy.\n", "\n", "5. **Consult with others**: Seek the counsel of experts (e.g., law enforcement, medical professionals), trusted mentors, or peers to gain a broader understanding and new insights.\n", "\n", "6. **Utilize critical thinking skills**:\n", "\t* Analyze data systematically.\n", "\t* Identify patterns, biases, or assumptions.\n", "\t* Explore alternative scenarios and outcomes.\n", "\t* Consider long-term implications of each option.\n", "\n", "7. **Integrate decision-making aspects**: Combine objective analysis with subjective values, if both seem relevant to the situation (be aware that this can introduce more uncertainty).\n", "\n", "8. **Make a decision based on best judgment**: Evaluate your options together using all relevant factors gathered and applied through your analytical processes. Consider whether there is still hope after you have made your choice.\n", "\n", "Some additional concepts which assist in solving such problems could be:\n", "\n", "- Pragmatism: Considering the results of each option.\n", "- Relational ethics: Focusing on connections between people with different needs, rights and roles (which often involves looking beyond individual perspectives).\n", "\n", "\n", "\n", "Now respond with the JSON with the ranked order of the competitors, nothing else. Do not include markdown formatting or code blocks.\n" ] } ], "source": [ "print(judge)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 28, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "judge_messages = [{\"role\": \"user\", \"content\": judge}]" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 29, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "{\"results\": [\"1\", \"2\"]}\n" ] } ], "source": [ "# Judgement time!\n", "\n", "# openai = OpenAI()\n", "response = openai.chat.completions.create(\n", " model=\"o3-mini\",\n", " messages=judge_messages,\n", ")\n", "results = response.choices[0].message.content\n", "print(results)\n" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 30, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Rank 1: gpt-4o-mini\n", "Rank 2: llama3.2\n" ] } ], "source": [ "# OK let's turn this into results!\n", "\n", "results_dict = json.loads(results)\n", "ranks = results_dict[\"results\"]\n", "for index, result in enumerate(ranks):\n", " competitor = competitors[int(result)-1]\n", " print(f\"Rank {index+1}: {competitor}\")" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
\n", " \n", " \n", "

Exercise

\n", " Which pattern(s) did this use? Try updating this to add another Agentic design pattern.\n", " \n", "
" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "\n", " \n", " \n", " \n", " \n", "
\n", " \n", " \n", "

Commercial implications

\n", " These kinds of patterns - to send a task to multiple models, and evaluate results,\n", " are common where you need to improve the quality of your LLM response. This approach can be universally applied\n", " to business projects where accuracy is critical.\n", " \n", "
" ] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": ".venv", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.12.3" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 2 }