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#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# Show PSIP data (and other packets) from MPEG TS streams from ATSC broadcasts
# Warning: very rough, incomplete, you're probably better off using VLC 3.0 (show Media Information,
# go to Codec Details, then scroll down to the EPG (electronic program guide) sections)
# https://gist.github.com/rxseger/caa0f1839ad87d6c1d5aaf667d86bf20
import sys
import struct
import binascii
type_strings = []
def decode_ts_packet(packet):
fields = {}
# 32-bit field
# comments from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream#Packet
word = struct.unpack('!I', packet[0:4])[0]
# Bit pattern of 0x47 (ASCII char 'G')
sync = (word & 0xff000000) >> 24
if sync != 0x47:
print('Bad packet sync byte (desync?):', [packet])
raise SystemExit
fields['transport_error_indicator'] = (word & 0x800000) != 0
# Set when a demodulator can't correct errors from FEC data; indicating the packet is corrupt
# print transport_error_indicator
# Set when a PES, PSI, or DVB-MIP packet begins immediately following the header.
fields['payload_unit_start_indicator'] = (word & 0x400000) != 0
# "Set when the current packet has a higher priority than other packets with the same PID.
fields['transport_priority'] = (word & 0x200000) != 0
# Packet Identifier, describing the payload data.
fields['pid'] = (word & 0x1fff00) >> 8
# '00' = Not scrambled.
# For DVB-CSA and ATSC DES only:[8]
# '01' (0x40) = Reserved for future use
# '10' (0x80) = Scrambled with even key
# '11' (0xC0) = Scrambled with odd key
fields['scrambling_control'] = (word & 0xc0) >> 6
# 01 – no adaptation field, payload only,
# 10 – adaptation field only, no payload,
# 11 – adaptation field followed by payload,
# 00 - RESERVED for future use [9]
fields['adaptation_field_control'] = (word & 0x30) >> 4
if fields['adaptation_field_control'] == 1:
has_adapt = False
has_payload = True
elif fields['adaptation_field_control'] == 2:
has_adapt = True
has_payload = False
elif fields['adaptation_field_control'] == 3:
has_adapt = True
has_payload = True
else:
# 00 - RESERVED for future use
# hence tstools "### Packet PID 14ae has adaptation field control = 0
# which is a reserved value (no payload, no adaptation field)"
# just assume payload, don't spam, and mark it corrupted
has_adapt = False
has_payload = True
fields['corrupted_adaption_control_field'] = True
# Sequence number of payload packets (0x00 to 0x0F) within each stream (except PID 8191)
# Incremented per-PID, only when a payload flag is set.
fields['cont_counter'] = word & 0xf
payload_start = 5
if has_adapt:
adapt_length = struct.unpack('b', bytes([packet[5]]))[0]
if 6 + adapt_length > len(packet):
print("adaptation field beyond length of packet", [packet], adapt_length, len(packet))
raise SystemExit
fields['adapt'] = packet[6:6 + adapt_length]
payload_start = 6 + adapt_length
# TODO: decode Adaptation Field Format
if has_payload:
fields['payload'] = packet[payload_start:]
else:
# No payload here according to the bitfields - save it anyways
extra = packet[payload_start:]
if len(extra) != 0:
fields['corrupt_payload'] = extra
return fields
def ascii_dump(s):
s2 = ''
printable = 0
for c in s:
if ord(' ') <= c <= ord('~'):
s2 += str(c)
printable += 1
else:
s2 += '.'
return s2, printable
def decode_pat(payload):
t = binascii.b2a_hex(payload)
if t not in type_strings:
type_strings.append(t)
print('PAT', binascii.b2a_hex(payload))
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/Syntax/TableSections/Pat.aspx
section_length = (payload[1] & 0xf << 8) | payload[2] # 12-bit field
print(section_length)
# after extra fields (transport_stream_id to last_section_num, by size, minus CRC-32 at end
program_count = (section_length - 5) / 4 - 1
program_map_pids = {}
print("PAT:")
for i in range(0, int(program_count)):
at = 8 + (i * 4) # skip headers, just get to the program numbers table
program_number = struct.unpack("!H", payload[at:at + 2])[0]
if at + 2 > len(payload):
break
program_map_pid = struct.unpack("!H", payload[at + 2:at + 2 + 2])[0]
# the pid is only 13 bits, upper 3 bits of this field are 'reserved' (I see 0b111)
reserved = (program_map_pid & 0xe000) >> 13
program_map_pid &= 0x1fff
print(i, "%.4x %.4x" % (program_number, program_map_pid))
program_map_pids[program_map_pid] = program_number
i += 1
return program_map_pids
DESC_NAMES = {
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/semantics/mpeg-2/descriptors/Default.aspx
0: 'Reserved',
1: 'Reserved',
2: 'video_stream_descriptor', # 13818-1
3: 'audio_stream_descriptor', # '13818-1
4: 'hierarchy_descriptor:', # 13818-1
5: 'registration_descriptor', # 13818-1
6: 'data_stream_alignment_descriptor', # 13818-1
7: 'target_background_grid_descriptor', # 13818-1
8: 'video_window_descriptor', # 13818-1
9: 'CA_descriptor', # 13818-1
10: 'ISO_639_language_descriptor', # 13818-1
11: 'system_clock_descriptor', # 13818-1
12: 'multiplex_buffer_utilization_descriptor', # 13818-1
13: 'copyright_descriptor', # 13818-1
14: 'maximum_bitrate_descriptor', # 13818-1
15: 'private_data_indicator_descriptor', # 13818-1
16: 'smoothing_buffer_descriptor', # 13818-1
17: 'STD_descriptor', # 3818-1
18: 'IBP_descriptor:', # 13818-1
27: 'MPEG-4_video_descriptor', # 3818-1
28: 'MPEG-4_audio_descriptor', # 13818-1
29: 'IOD_descriptor', # 13818-1
30: 'SL_descriptor', # 14496-1
31: 'FMC_descriptor', # 13818-1
32: 'External_ES_ID_descriptor:', # 13818-1
33: 'MuxCode_descriptor', # 13818-1
34: 'FmxBufferSize_descriptor:', # 14496
35: 'MultiplexBuffer_descriptor', # 14496
36: 'FlexMuxTiming_descriptor', # 14496
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/atsc/semantics/descriptors/Default.aspx
129: 'AC-3 Descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/52
20: 'association_tag descriptor', # A/52
173: 'ATSC Private Information descriptor', # PMT, EIT 1 or more A/52
134: 'Caption Service Descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/65
163: 'Component name descriptor', # PMT A/65
135: 'Content Advisory Descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/65
198: 'Content Identifier descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/57
164: 'Data Service descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/65
166: 'Download descriptor', # PMT, EIT A/90
169: 'DCC Arriving request descriptor', # DCCT A/65
168: 'DCC Departing request descriptor', # DCCT A/65
178: 'Enhanced Signaling descriptor', # PMT A/53
160: 'Extended Channel name descriptor', # VCT A/65
167: 'Multiprotocol Encapsulation descriptor', # A/90
165: 'pid_count descriptor', # VCT A/65
171: 'Genre descriptor', # VCT A/65
170: 'Redistribution Control descriptor', # EIT, PMT A/65
161: 'Service location descriptor', # VCT A/65
128: 'Stuffing Descriptor', # any A/65
162: 'Time-shifted service descriptor', # VCT A/65hdtv $
}
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/semantics/mpeg-2/descriptor__loop.aspx
# "A descriptor() designation in a table denotes the location of a
# descriptor loop that may contain zero or more individual descriptors"
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/semantics/mpeg-2/descriptors/Default.aspx
# a simple repeated type(tag)-length-value format
def decode_descriptors(data):
at = 0
descriptors = {}
while True:
if at + 2 > len(data):
break
tag = data[at]
at += 1
length = data[at]
at += 1
value = data[at:at + length]
at += length
name = DESC_NAMES.get(tag)
if name is None:
name = 'unknown-%d' % (tag,)
print("descriptor %d (%s) %s" % (tag, name, [value]))
descriptors[name] = value
return descriptors
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/Syntax/TableSections/PMTs.aspx
def decode_pmt(pid, program, payload):
t = binascii.b2a_hex(payload)
if t not in type_strings:
type_strings.append(t)
print('PMT for Program %d at PID %.4x: %s' % (pid, program, [payload]))
pcr_pid = struct.unpack("!H", payload[8:10])[0]
reserved = (pcr_pid & 0xe000) >> 13
pcr_pid &= 0x1fff
# http://www.etherguidesystems.com/Help/SDOs/MPEG/semantics/mpeg-2/PCR_PID.aspx
# program clock reference, not too interesting
# print "PCR PID: %.4x" % (pcr_pid,)
desc1 = payload[12:]
descriptors = decode_descriptors(desc1)
# TODO: parse descriptors inside loop (per stream), after first descriptor list
def decode_psip(payload):
print('Found PSIP full', [payload])
table_id = ord(payload[0])
# print 'PSIP table %.2x' % (table_id,)
# TODO: decode these
# https://web.archive.org/web/20070221145014/http://www.atsc.org/standards/a_69.pdf pg. 84 table m.1
# Table M.1 Bit Stream Syntax for the Master Guide Table
if table_id == 0xc7:
print('PSIP MGT', [payload])
decode_mgt(payload)
# Table M.2 Bit Stream Syntax for the Terrestrial Virtual Channel Table
elif table_id == 0xc8:
print('PSIP VCT', payload.encode('hex'), '\n', 'PSIP VCT', [payload])
# note: for(i=0; i<num_channels_in_section; i++) {
# short_name 7*16 unicode BMP - is 16-bit Unicode! K\x00I\x00C\x00U\x00-\x00H\x00D = KICU-HD
decode_vct(payload)
# Table M.3 Bit Stream Syntax for the Event Information Table
elif table_id == 0xcb:
print('PSIP EIT', [payload])
# Table M.4 Bit Stream Syntax for the Extended Text Table
elif table_id == 0xcc:
print('PSIP ETT', [payload])
# Table M.5 Bit Stream Syntax for the System Time Table
elif table_id == 0xcd:
print('PSIP STT', [payload])
# Table M.6 Bit Stream Syntax for the Rating Region Table
elif table_id == 0xca:
print('PSIP RRT', [payload])
# Table M.7 Bit Stream Syntax for the Directed Channel Change Table
elif table_id == 0xd3:
print('PSIP DCCT', [payload])
else:
print('PSIP unknown table id %.2x' % (table_id,))
def decode_mgt_table_type(x):
# table_type here is a 16-bit type:
# https://web.archive.org/web/20070423004711/http://www.atsc.org/standards/a_65cr1_with_amend_1.pdf
# Table 6.3 Table Types, pg. 27
if x == 0x0000:
return 'Terrestrial VCT with current_next_indicator=1'
elif x == 0x0001:
return 'Terrestrial VCT with current_next_indicator=0'
elif x == 0x0002:
return 'Cable VCT with current_next_indicator=1'
elif x == 0x0003:
return 'Cable VCT with current_next_indicator=0'
elif x == 0x004:
return 'Channel ETT'
elif x == 0x005:
return 'DCCSCT'
# elif x >= 0x006 and x <= 0x00ff:
# return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
elif 0x0100 <= x <= 0x017f:
return 'EIT-%d' % (x - 0x0100)
# elif x >= 0x0180 and x <= 0x01ff:
# return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
elif 0x0200 <= x <= 0x027f:
return 'Event ETT-%d' % (x - 0x0200)
# elif x >= 0x0280 and x <= 0x0300:
# return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
elif 0x0301 <= x <= 0x03ff:
return 'RRT with rating_region-%d' % (x - 0x0301)
elif 0x0400 <= x <= 0x0fff:
return 'User private-%.4x' % (x,)
# elif x >= 0x1000 and x <= 0x13ff:
# return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
elif 0x1400 <= x <= 0x14ff:
return 'DCCT with dcc_id-%d' % (x - 0x1400)
# elif x >= 0x1500 and x <= 0x1fff:
# return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
else:
return 'Reserved for future ATSC use-%.4x' % (x,)
psip_table_pids = {}
# Table M.1 Bit Stream Syntax for the Master Guide Table
def decode_mgt(payload):
t = binascii.b2a_hex(payload)
if t not in type_strings:
type_strings.append(t)
print('PSIP MGT', payload.encode('hex'))
assert payload[0] == '\xc7', 'decodeMGT not MGT'
section_length = struct.unpack('!H', payload[1:3])[0]
section_length &= 0xfff
print('PSIP MGT section_length', section_length)
table_id_extension = struct.unpack('!H', payload[3:5])[0]
print('PSIP MGT table_id_extension', table_id_extension)
# reserved, version_number, current_next_indicator
version_etc = ord(payload[5])
print('PSIP MGT version_etc %.2x' % (version_etc,))
# 0x00 in spec
section_number = ord(payload[6])
assert section_number == 0, 'decodeMGT section_number != 0'
last_section_number = ord(payload[7])
assert last_section_number == 0, 'decodeMGT last_section_number != 0'
protocol_version = ord(payload[8])
print('PSIP MGT protocol_version', protocol_version)
# This 16-bit unsigned has a range of 6 – 370 (for terrestrial) and 2 – 370 for cable.
tables_defined = struct.unpack('!H', payload[9:11])[0]
print('PSIP MGT tables_defined', tables_defined)
at = 11
tables = []
for i in range(0, tables_defined):
if at > len(payload):
# off end of payload TODO: probably have a bug in stitching together packets
break
table_type = struct.unpack('!H', payload[at:at + 2])[0]
table_type_name = decode_mgt_table_type(table_type)
print('PSIP MGT %i table_type %.4x %s' % (i, table_type, table_type_name))
at += 2
# table_type here is a 16-bit type:
# https://web.archive.org/web/20070423004711/http://www.atsc.org/standards/a_65cr1_with_amend_1.pdf
# Table 6.3 Table Types, pg. 27
table_type_pid = struct.unpack('!H', payload[at:at + 2])[0]
table_type_pid &= 0x1fff
print('PSIP MGT %i table_type_pid %.4x' % (i, table_type_pid))
at += 2
# reserved, table_type_version_number
reserved_version = ord(payload[at])
print('PSIP MGT %i reserved_version %.2x' % (i, reserved_version))
at += 1
# number of bytes of the table in the referenced pid
if at + 4 > len(payload):
break
number_bytes = struct.unpack('!I', payload[at:at + 4])[0]
print('PSIP MGT %i number_bytes %d' % (i, number_bytes))
at += 4
table_type_descriptors_length = struct.unpack('!H', payload[at:at + 2])[0]
table_type_descriptors_length &= 0xfff
print('PSIP MGT %i table_type_descriptors_length %d' % (i, table_type_descriptors_length))
at += 2
# skip over variable-length descriptors data TODO: decode?
descriptors_data = payload[at:at + table_type_descriptors_length]
at += table_type_descriptors_length
# save the pid, then we can recognize EIT and ETT tables (non-0x1ffb PIDs)
psip_table_pids[table_type_pid] = table_type_name
return tables # TODO: other info?
# Table M.2 Bit Stream Syntax for the Terrestrial Virtual Channel Table
def decode_vct(payload):
t = binascii.b2a_hex(payload)
if t not in type_strings:
type_strings.append(t)
num_channels_in_section = ord(payload[9:10])
print('VCT number of channels:', num_channels_in_section)
short_name = payload[11:11 + 13]
short_name = short_name.replace('\0', '') # TODO: decode UTF-16 BE
print('VCT channel short_name:', short_name)
chinfo = struct.unpack("!I", payload[24:24 + 4])[0]
print("VCT chinfo %.4x" % (chinfo,))
reserved = (chinfo & 0xf0000000) >> 28
assert reserved == 0xf, '%x != 0xf in chinfo' % (reserved,)
major_channel_number = (chinfo & 0x0cff0000) >> 18
minor_channel_number = (chinfo & 0x000cff00) >> 8
print("VCT virtual channel %d-%d" % (major_channel_number, minor_channel_number))
modulation_mode = chinfo & 0xff
if modulation_mode == 4:
modulation_mode_name = '8VSB'
else:
modulation_mode_name = None
print("VCT modulation mode", modulation_mode, modulation_mode_name)
carrier_frequency = struct.unpack("!I", payload[28:28 + 4])[0]
print("VCT carrier frequency", carrier_frequency)
# "The FCC will12 issue a TSID for each digital station upon licensing.", odd for digital, even analog
channel_tsid = struct.unpack("!H", payload[32:32 + 2])[0]
print("VCT channel TSID", channel_tsid)
program_number = struct.unpack("!H", payload[34:34 + 2])[0]
print("VCT program number", program_number)
# EMT_location, access_controlled, hidden, reserved, hide_guide, reserved, service_type
flags = struct.unpack("!H", payload[34:34 + 2])[0]
print("VCT misc flags %.4x" % (flags,))
service_type = flags & 0x3f
# a_69.pdf page 29
# 1 denotes an NTSC analog service
# 2 denotes an ATSC full digital TV service including video, audio (if present) and data (if present)
# 3 denotes an ATSC audio and data (if present) service
# 4 denotes a ATSC data service
service_types = {
1: 'NTSC analog',
2: 'ATSC full digital',
3: 'ATSC audio and data',
4: 'ATSC data'
}
print("VCT service type", service_type, service_types.get(service_type))
source_id = struct.unpack("!H", payload[36:36 + 2])[0]
# "The source_id is a critical internal index13 for representing the particular logical channel.
# Broadcasters can assign arbitrary source_id numbers from 1 to 4095 for non registered sources14"
print("VCT source id", source_id, ("%.4x" % source_id))
desc_len = struct.unpack("!H", payload[38:38 + 2])[0]
# 6 bits top reserved, lower 10 are descriptors_length
desc_len &= 0x3ff
print("VCT descriptors length", desc_len)
print("VCT descriptors", decode_descriptors(payload[40:40 + desc_len]))
# TODO: decode all in loop
# Table M.3 Bit Stream Syntax for the Event Information Table
def decode_eit(payload, table_type_name):
t = binascii.b2a_hex(payload)
if t not in type_strings:
type_strings.append(t)
# print 'EIT',table_type_name,[payload]
# not bothering to fully decode table here, just dumping ASCII text good enough to see program names...
# example:
# EIT EIT-0 ('............D........eng....Gag Concert.....eng.?....
# (../..eng..D........eng....School 2013.....eng.?....
# (../..eng..D........eng....Marry Me, Mary.....eng.?....
# (../..eng..............', 75)
# TODO: fully parse
print('EIT', table_type_name, ascii_dump(payload))
def main():
if len(sys.argv) > 1:
f = open(sys.argv[1], 'rb')
else:
f = sys.stdin
packet_count = 0
program_map_pids = None
accumulated_1ffb_payload = None
while True:
# Packets are all 188 bytes
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream#Important_elements_of_a_transport_stream
packet = f.read(188)
if len(packet) == 0:
break
if len(packet) != 188:
print("%d != %d" % (len(packet), 188))
print("Incomplete packet:", [packet])
raise SystemExit
fields = decode_ts_packet(packet)
if fields['transport_error_indicator']:
# print 'corrupted'
# skip corrupted packets TODO: although could TRY to decode, usually fruitless
continue
# the PAT, of pid 0000, is where it all begins
if fields['pid'] == 0x0000:
program_map_pids = decode_pat(fields['payload'])
# once we know the PAT, watch for pids that match it
if program_map_pids and fields['pid'] in program_map_pids.keys():
program = program_map_pids[fields['pid']]
decode_pmt(fields['pid'], program, fields['payload'])
print('PAYLOAD')
print(binascii.b2a_hex(fields['payload']))
print('PACKET')
print(binascii.b2a_hex(packet))
# http://www.bretl.com/mpeghtml/ATSCPSIP.HTM
# "The base tables (Sytem Time Table, STT; Rating Region table, RRT;
# Master Guide Table, MGT; and Virtual Channel Table, VCT)
# are all labeled with the base packet ID (base PID), 0x1FFB."
# Wikipedia confusingly labels 0x1ffb (8187)
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream#Packet_Identifier_.28PID.29
# as "Used by DigiCipher 2/ATSC MGT metadata"
# (well, I found it confusing - sounded like it was for encryption, but actually used by ATSC for PSIP!)
# MGT = Master Guide Table, links to all other tables, example:
# http://pastebin.com/XNArF3QZ http://archive.is/tSbne
if fields['pid'] == 0x1ffb:
print('Found 1ffb psip', fields)
if fields['payload_unit_start_indicator']: # TODO: reconstruct all packets
if accumulated_1ffb_payload and len(accumulated_1ffb_payload) != 0:
# when see start of next, decode previous, if have one
# accumulated_1ffb_payload
def trim_array(a):
s1 = ''
started = False
for elem in a:
if elem is not None:
s1 += elem
started = True
else:
if started:
# print 'Skipping PSIP MGT with corrupted packets',[s]
#: maybe try partial decode anyway,
# but for now hoping get complete uncorrupted stream later
# return False # holes, not full decode
pass # TODO?
return s1
print('Accumulated 1ffb psip', accumulated_1ffb_payload)
full = trim_array(accumulated_1ffb_payload)
if full:
decode_psip(full)
accumulated_1ffb_payload = [None] * 16
if accumulated_1ffb_payload is not None: # if didn't start in middle (only accumulate full start->end)
accumulated_1ffb_payload[fields['cont_counter']] = fields['payload']
elif fields['pid'] in psip_table_pids.keys():
table_type_name = psip_table_pids[fields['pid']]
print('TABLE TYPE NAME %.4x %s' % (fields['pid'], table_type_name))
if table_type_name == 'Channel EIT' or table_type_name.startswith('EIT-'):
if 'payload' in fields:
# Event Information Tables
decode_eit(fields['payload'], table_type_name)
else:
# TODO
pass
if fields.get('payload'):
s, printable = ascii_dump(fields['payload'])
# show packet payloads that probably are text
if printable > 100:
print("PID w/ text: %.4x %s" % (fields['pid'], s))
# print [fields['payload']]
packet_count += 1
if packet_count % 100000 == 0:
print('#####################################################################')
print('', file=sys.stderr)
for t in type_strings:
print(t, file=sys.stderr)
print('#####################################################################')
print("Read %s packets\n\n" % (packet_count,))
print('#####################################################################')
for t in type_strings:
print(t, file=sys.stderr)
print('#####################################################################\n\n')
# TODO: decode by packet identifiers
# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MPEG_transport_stream#Packet_Identifier_.28PID.29
# 32-8186 0x0020-0x1FFA May be assigned as needed to Program Map Tables, elementary streams and other data tables
# 8188-8190 0x1FFC-0x1FFE May be assigned as needed to Program Map Tables, elementary streams and other data tables
# PAT (pid 0000) ->
# PMT
# NIT (from PAT or 0x0010)
# ./tstools/bin/tsreport mpeg.ts -justpid 0x1e00 |grep -v adapt|unhex
main()
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