import os
os.system('pip install gradio==4.29.0')

import random
from dataclasses import dataclass
from typing import Any, List, Dict, Optional, Union, Tuple
import cv2
import torch
import requests
import numpy as np
from PIL import Image
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from transformers import AutoModelForMaskGeneration, AutoProcessor, pipeline
import gradio as gr
import spaces
import json

@dataclass
class BoundingBox:
    xmin: int
    ymin: int
    xmax: int
    ymax: int

    @property
    def xyxy(self) -> List[float]:
        return [self.xmin, self.ymin, self.xmax, self.ymax]
@dataclass
class DetectionResult:
    score: float
    label: str
    box: BoundingBox
    mask: Optional[np.ndarray] = None

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(cls, detection_dict: Dict) -> 'DetectionResult':
        return cls(
            score=detection_dict['score'],
            label=detection_dict['label'],
            box=BoundingBox(
                xmin=detection_dict['box']['xmin'],
                ymin=detection_dict['box']['ymin'],
                xmax=detection_dict['box']['xmax'],
                ymax=detection_dict['box']['ymax']
            )
        )

def annotate(image: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], detection_results: List[DetectionResult]) -> np.ndarray:
    image_cv2 = np.array(image) if isinstance(image, Image.Image) else image
    image_cv2 = cv2.cvtColor(image_cv2, cv2.COLOR_RGB2BGR)
    
    # Make the entire background yellow
    yellow_background = np.full(image_cv2.shape, (0, 255, 255), dtype=np.uint8)
    
    for detection in detection_results:
        label = detection.label
        score = detection.score
        box = detection.box
        mask = detection.mask
        
        if mask is not None:
            mask_uint8 = (mask * 255).astype(np.uint8)
            contours, _ = cv2.findContours(mask_uint8, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
            cv2.drawContours(yellow_background, contours, -1, (0, 0, 0), cv2.FILLED)
        
        # Drawing bounding box (border and inside should be yellow)
        cv2.rectangle(yellow_background, (box.xmin, box.ymin), (box.xmax, box.ymax), (0, 255, 255), cv2.FILLED)  # Fill inside with yellow
        cv2.rectangle(yellow_background, (box.xmin, box.ymin), (box.xmax, box.ymax), (0, 255, 255), 2)  # Draw border yellow

        if mask is not None:
            # Overlay the insect on top of the yellow background
            insect_region = image_cv2[box.ymin:box.ymax, box.xmin:box.xmax]
            yellow_background[box.ymin:box.ymax, box.xmin:box.xmax] = cv2.bitwise_and(yellow_background[box.ymin:box.ymax, box.xmin:box.xmax], insect_region, mask=mask[box.ymin:box.ymax, box.xmin:box.xmax])
    
    return cv2.cvtColor(yellow_background, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)

def plot_detections(image: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], detections: List[DetectionResult]) -> np.ndarray:
    annotated_image = annotate(image, detections)
    return annotated_image

def load_image(image: Union[str, Image.Image]) -> Image.Image:
    if isinstance(image, str) and image.startswith("http"):
        image = Image.open(requests.get(image, stream=True).raw).convert("RGB")
    elif isinstance(image, str):
        image = Image.open(image).convert("RGB")
    else:
        image = image.convert("RGB")
    return image

def get_boxes(detection_results: List[DetectionResult]) -> List[List[List[float]]]:
    boxes = []
    for result in detection_results:
        xyxy = result.box.xyxy
        boxes.append(xyxy)
    return [boxes]

def mask_to_polygon(mask: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
    contours, _ = cv2.findContours(mask, cv2.RETR_EXTERNAL, cv2.CHAIN_APPROX_SIMPLE)
    if len(contours) == 0:
        return np.array([])
    largest_contour = max(contours, key=cv2.contourArea)
    return largest_contour

def refine_masks(masks: torch.BoolTensor, polygon_refinement: bool = False) -> List[np.ndarray]:
    masks = masks.cpu().float().permute(0, 2, 3, 1).mean(axis=-1).numpy().astype(np.uint8)
    masks = (masks > 0).astype(np.uint8)
    if polygon_refinement:
        for idx, mask in enumerate(masks):
            shape = mask.shape
            polygon = mask_to_polygon(mask)
            masks[idx] = cv2.fillPoly(np.zeros(shape, dtype=np.uint8), [polygon], 1)
    return list(masks)

@spaces.GPU
def detect(image: Image.Image, labels: List[str], threshold: float = 0.3, detector_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List<Dict[str, Any]]:
    detector_id = detector_id if detector_id else "IDEA-Research/grounding-dino-base"
    object_detector = pipeline(model=detector_id, task="zero-shot-object-detection", device="cuda")
    labels = [label if label.endswith(".") else label+"." for label in labels]
    results = object_detector(image, candidate_labels=labels, threshold=threshold)
    return [DetectionResult.from_dict(result) for result in results]

@spaces.GPU
def segment(image: Image.Image, detection_results: List[DetectionResult], polygon_refinement: bool = False, segmenter_id: Optional[str] = None) -> List[DetectionResult]:
    segmenter_id = segmenter_id if segmenter_id else "martintmv/InsectSAM"
    segmentator = AutoModelForMaskGeneration.from_pretrained(segmenter_id).to("cuda")
    processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(segmenter_id)
    boxes = get_boxes(detection_results)
    inputs = processor(images=image, input_boxes=boxes, return_tensors="pt").to("cuda")
    outputs = segmentator(**inputs)
    masks = processor.post_process_masks(masks=outputs.pred_masks, original_sizes=inputs.original_sizes, reshaped_input_sizes=inputs.reshaped_input_sizes)[0]
    masks = refine_masks(masks, polygon_refinement)
    for detection_result, mask in zip(detection_results, masks):
        detection_result.mask = mask
    return detection_results

def grounded_segmentation(image: Union[Image.Image, str], labels: List[str], threshold: float = 0.3, polygon_refinement: bool = False, detector_id: Optional[str] = None, segmenter_id: Optional[str] = None) -> Tuple[np.ndarray, List[DetectionResult]]:
    image = load_image(image)
    detections = detect(image, labels, threshold, detector_id)
    detections = segment(image, detections, polygon_refinement, segmenter_id)
    return np.array(image), detections

def mask_to_min_max(mask: np.ndarray) -> Tuple[int, int, int, int]:
    y, x = np.where(mask)
    return x.min(), y.min(), x.max(), y.max()

def extract_and_paste_insect(original_image: np.ndarray, detection: DetectionResult, background: np.ndarray) -> None:
    mask = detection.mask
    xmin, ymin, xmax, ymax = mask_to_min_max(mask)
    insect_crop = original_image[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]
    mask_crop = mask[ymin:ymax, xmin:xmax]

    insect = cv2.bitwise_and(insect_crop, insect_crop, mask=mask_crop)

    x_offset, y_offset = xmin, ymin
    x_end, y_end = x_offset + insect.shape[1], y_offset + insect.shape[0]

    background[y_offset:y_end, x_offset:x_end] = insect

def create_yellow_background_with_insects(image: np.ndarray, detections: List[DetectionResult]) -> np.ndarray:
    yellow_background = np.full((image.shape[0], image.shape[1], 3), (0, 255, 255), dtype=np.uint8)  # BGR for yellow
    for detection in detections:
        if detection.mask is not None:
            extract_and_paste_insect(image, detection, yellow_background)
    # Convert back to RGB to match Gradio's expected input format
    yellow_background = cv2.cvtColor(yellow_background, cv2.COLOR_BGR2RGB)
    return yellow_background

def run_length_encoding(mask):
    pixels = mask.flatten()
    rle = []
    last_val = 0
    count = 0
    for pixel in pixels:
        if pixel == last_val:
            count += 1
        else:
            if count > 0:
                rle.append(count)
            count = 1
            last_val = pixel
    if count > 0:
        rle.append(count)
    return rle

def detections_to_json(detections):
    detections_list = []
    for detection in detections:
        detection_dict = {
            "score": detection.score,
            "label": detection.label,
            "box": {
                "xmin": detection.box.xmin,
                "ymin": detection.box.ymin,
                "xmax": detection.box.xmax,
                "ymax": detection.box.ymax
            },
            "mask": run_length_encoding(detection.mask) if detection.mask is not None else None
        }
        detections_list.append(detection_dict)
    return detections_list

def process_image(image, include_json):
    labels = ["insect"]
    original_image, detections = grounded_segmentation(image, labels, threshold=0.3, polygon_refinement=True)
    yellow_background_with_insects = create_yellow_background_with_insects(np.array(original_image), detections)
    if include_json:
        detections_json = detections_to_json(detections)
        json_output_path = "insect_detections.json"
        with open(json_output_path, 'w') as json_file:
            json.dump(detections_json, json_file, indent=4)
        return yellow_background_with_insects, json.dumps(detections_json, separators=(',', ':'))
    else:
        return yellow_background_with_insects, None

examples = [
    ["flower-night.jpg"]
]

gr.Interface(
    fn=process_image,
    inputs=[gr.Image(type="pil"), gr.Checkbox(label="Include JSON", value=False)],
    outputs=[gr.Image(type="numpy"), gr.Textbox()],
    title="InsectSAM 🐞",
    examples=examples
).launch()