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although neurocognitive models have been proposed to explain anosognosia in alzheimer ' s disease ( ad ), the neural cascade responsible for its origin in the human brain remains unknown. here, we build on a mechanistic dual - path hypothesis that brings error - monitoring and emotional processing systems as key elements for self - awareness, with distinct impacts on the emergence of anosognosia in ad. proceeding from the notion of anosognosia as a dimensional syndrome, ranging from the lack of concern about one ' s own deficits ( i. e., anosodiaphoria ) to the complete lack of awareness of deficits, our hypothesis states that ( i ) unawareness of deficits would result from a failure in the error - monitoring system, whereas ( ii ) anosodiaphoria would more likely result from an imbalance between emotional processing and error - monitoring systems. in the first case, a synaptic failure in the error - monitoring system, in which the cingulate cortex plays a major role, would have a negative impact on error ( or deficits ) awareness, preventing patients from becoming aware of their condition. in the second case, an impairment in the emotional processing system, in which the amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex play a major role, would prevent patients from monitoring the internal milieu for relevant errors ( or deficits ) and assigning appropriate value to them, thus biasing their impact on the error - monitoring system. our hypothesis stems from two scientific premises. one comes from preliminary results in ad patients showing a synaptic failure in the error - monitoring system and decline of awareness at the time of diagnosis. another comes from the somatic marker hypothesis, which proposes that emotional signals are critical to adaptive behavior. further exploration will be of great interest to illuminate the foundations of self - awareness and improve our understanding of the underlying mechanisms of anosognosia in ad.
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arxiv:2302.05723
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in order to clarify electronic states and energy dissipations due to a motion of a vortex core in pure fese, which is a candidate superconductor possessing a super - clean core, we measured the microwave surface impedance of pure fese single crystals under finite magnetic fields. from the magnetic - field dependence of the flux - flow resistivity, we found that a barometer of electronic states inside the vortex core $ \ omega _ { 0 } \ tau _ { \ rm core } $ is $ 1 \ pm0. 5 $, suggesting that the vortex core of pure fese is in the moderately clean regime contrary to the expectation of the super - clean core. we also found that the mean - free path inside the vortex core is suppressed at the distance of the order of the core radius. based on observed results and previous reports, we discussed possible origins of rather small $ \ omega _ { 0 } \ tau _ { \ rm core } $ value in terms of the multiple - bands nature of fese and additional mechanisms producing extra energy dissipations specific to the vortex core in motion.
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arxiv:1801.00262
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for each infinite series of the classical lie groups of type b, c or d, we introduce a family of polynomials parametrized by the elements of the corresponding weyl group of infinite rank. these polynomials represent the schubert classes in the equivariant cohomology of the appropriate flag variety. they satisfy a stability property, and are a natural extension of the ( single ) schubert polynomials of billey and haiman, which represent non - equivariant schubert classes. they are also positive in a certain sense, and when indexed by maximal grassmannian elements, or by the longest element in a finite weyl group, these polynomials can be expressed in terms of the factorial analogues of schur ' s q - or p - functions defined earlier by ivanov.
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arxiv:0810.1348
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this paper is the first of several parts introducing a new powerful algebra : the algebra of the pseudo - observables. this is a c * - algebra whose set is formed by formal expressions involving observables. the algebra is constructed by applying the occam ' s razor principle, in order to obtain the minimal description of physical reality. proceeding in such a manner, every aspect of quantum mechanics acquires a clear physical interpretation or a logical explanation, providing, for instance, in a natural way the reason for the structure of complex algebra and the matrix structure of werner heisenberg ' s formulation of quantum mechanics. last but not least, the very general hypotheses assumed, allow one to state that quantum mechanics is the unique minimal description of physical reality.
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arxiv:1707.05633
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the last decade has seen great progress in both dynamic network modeling and topic modeling. this paper draws upon both areas to create a bayesian method that allows topic discovery to inform the latent network model and the network structure to facilitate topic identification. we apply this method to the 467 top political blogs of 2012. our results find complex community structure within this set of blogs, where community membership depends strongly upon the set of topics in which the blogger is interested.
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arxiv:1610.05756
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although deep learning ( dl ) methods becoming increasingly popular in vulnerability detection, their performance is seriously limited by insufficient training data. this is mainly because few existing software organizations can maintain a complete set of high - quality samples for dl - based vulnerability detection. due to the concerns about privacy leakage, most of them are reluctant to share data, resulting in the data silo problem. since enables collaboratively model training without data sharing, federated learning ( fl ) has been investigated as a promising means of addressing the data silo problem in dl - based vulnerability detection. however, since existing fl - based vulnerability detection methods focus on specific applications, it is still far unclear i ) how well fl adapts to common vulnerability detection tasks and ii ) how to design a high - performance fl solution for a specific vulnerability detection task. to answer these two questions, this paper first proposes vulfl, an effective evaluation framework for fl - based vulnerability detection. then, based on vulfl, this paper conducts a comprehensive study to reveal the underlying capabilities of fl in dealing with different types of cwes, especially when facing various data heterogeneity scenarios. our experimental results show that, compared to independent training, fl can significantly improve the detection performance of common ai models on all investigated cwes, though the performance of fl - based vulnerability detection is limited by heterogeneous data. to highlight the performance differences between different fl solutions for vulnerability detection, we extensively investigate the impacts of different configuration strategies for each framework component of vulfl. our study sheds light on the potential of fl in vulnerability detection, which can be used to guide the design of fl - based solutions for vulnerability detection.
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arxiv:2411.16099
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continuous movement of discrete spectrum of the schr \ " { o } dinger operator $ h ( z ) = - \ frac { d ^ 2 } { dx ^ 2 } + v _ 0 + z v _ 1 $, with $ \ int _ 0 ^ \ infty { x | v _ j ( x ) | dx } < \ infty $, on the half - line is studied as $ z $ moves along a continuous path in the complex plane. the analysis provides information regarding the members of the discrete spectrum of the non - selfadjoint operator that are evolved from the discrete spectrum of the corresponding selfadjoint operator.
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arxiv:1804.09560
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as large eye - tracking datasets are created, data privacy is a pressing concern for the eye - tracking community. de - identifying data does not guarantee privacy because multiple datasets can be linked for inferences. a common belief is that aggregating individuals ' data into composite representations such as heatmaps protects the individual. however, we analytically examine the privacy of ( noise - free ) heatmaps and show that they do not guarantee privacy. we further propose two noise mechanisms that guarantee privacy and analyze their privacy - utility tradeoff. analysis reveals that our gaussian noise mechanism is an elegant solution to preserve privacy for heatmaps. our results have implications for interdisciplinary research to create differentially private mechanisms for eye tracking.
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arxiv:1904.06809
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significance does not improve, this typically shows the experiments have just been repeated until a success occurs due to chance variations. = = = personalization of issues = = = tight social groups and authoritarian personality, suppression of dissent and groupthink can enhance the adoption of beliefs that have no rational basis. in attempting to confirm their beliefs, the group tends to identify their critics as enemies. assertion of a conspiracy on the part of the mainstream scientific community, government, or educational facilities to suppress pseudoscientific information. people who make these accusations often compare themselves to galileo galilei and his persecution by the roman catholic church ; this comparison is commonly known as the galileo gambit. attacking the motives, character, morality, or competence of critics, rather than their arguments ( see ad hominem ) = = = use of misleading language = = = creating scientific - sounding terms to persuade non - experts to believe statements that may be false or meaningless : for example, a long - standing hoax refers to water by the rarely used formal name " dihydrogen monoxide " and describes it as the main constituent in most poisonous solutions to show how easily the general public can be misled. using established terms in idiosyncratic ways, thereby demonstrating unfamiliarity with mainstream work in the discipline. = = prevalence of pseudoscientific beliefs = = = = = countries = = = the ministry of ayush in the government of india is purposed with developing education, research and propagation of indigenous alternative medicine systems in india. the ministry has faced significant criticism for funding systems that lack biological plausibility and are either untested or conclusively proven as ineffective. quality of research has been poor, and drugs have been launched without any rigorous pharmacological studies and meaningful clinical trials on ayurveda or other alternative healthcare systems. there is no credible efficacy or scientific basis of any of these forms of treatment. in his book the demon - haunted world, carl sagan discusses the government of china and the chinese communist party ' s concern about western pseudoscience developments and certain ancient chinese practices in china. he sees pseudoscience occurring in the united states as part of a worldwide trend and suggests its causes, dangers, diagnosis and treatment may be universal. a large percentage of the united states population lacks scientific literacy, not adequately understanding scientific principles and method. in the journal of college science teaching, art hobson writes, " pseudoscientific beliefs are surprisingly widespread in our culture even among public school science teachers and newspaper editors, and are closely
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pseudoscience
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we study conformally flat hypersurfaces $ f \ colon m ^ { 3 } \ to \ q ^ { 4 } ( c ) $ with three distinct principal curvatures and constant mean curvature $ h $ in a space form with constant sectional curvature $ c $. first we extend a theorem due to defever when $ c = 0 $ and show that there is no such hypersurface if $ h \ neq 0 $. our main results are for the minimal case $ h = 0 $. if $ c \ neq 0 $, we prove that if $ f \ colon m ^ { 3 } \ to \ q ^ { 4 } ( c ) $ is a minimal conformally flat hypersurface with three distinct principal curvatures then $ f ( m ^ 3 ) $ is an open subset of a generalized cone over a clifford torus in an umbilical hypersurface $ \ q ^ { 3 } ( \ tilde c ) \ subset \ q ^ 4 ( c ) $, $ \ tilde c > 0 $, with $ \ tilde c \ geq c $ if $ c > 0 $. for $ c = 0 $, we show that, besides the cone over the clifford torus in $ \ sf ^ 3 \ subset \ r ^ 4 $, there exists precisely a one - parameter family of ( congruence classes of ) minimal isometric immersions $ f \ colon m ^ 3 \ to \ r ^ 4 $ with three distinct principal curvatures of simply - connected conformally flat riemannian manifolds.
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arxiv:1706.02394
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plasmonic excitations behave fundamentally different in layered materials in comparison to bulk systems. they form gapless modes, which in turn couple at low energies to the electrons. thereby they can strongly influence superconducting instabilities. here, we show how these excitations can be controlled from the outside via changes in the dielectric environment or in the doping level, which allows for external tuning of the superconducting transition temperature. by solving the gap equation for an effective system, we find that the plasmonic influence can both strongly enhance or reduce the transition temperature, depending on the details of the plasmon - phonon interplay. we formulate simple experimental guidelines to find plasmon - induced elevated transition temperatures in layered materials.
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arxiv:1803.04576
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unipolar devices constructed from ferromagnetic semiconducting materials with variable magnetization direction are shown theoretically to behave very similarly to nonmagnetic bipolar devices such as the p - n diode and the bipolar ( junction ) transistor. such devices may be applicable for magnetic sensing, nonvolatile memory, and reprogrammable logic.
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arxiv:cond-mat/0012484
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we study schwinger - dyson equation for fermions in yukawa and wess - zumino models, in terms of dynamical mass generation and the wavefunction renormalization function. in the yukawa model with $ \ gamma _ 5 $ - type interaction between scalars and fermions, we find a critical coupling in the quenched approximation above which fermions acquire dynamical mass. this is shown to be true beyond the bare 3 - point vertex approximation. in the wess - zumino model, there is a neat cancellation of terms leading to no dynamical mass for fermions. we comment on the conditions under which these results are general beyond the rainbow approximation and also on the ones under which supersymmetry is preserved and the scalars as well do not acquire mass. the results are in accordance with the non - renormalization theorem at least to order $ \ alpha $ in perturbation theory. in both the models, we also evaluate the wavefunction renormalization function, analytically in the neighbourhood of the critical coupling and numerically, away from it.
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arxiv:hep-ph/9906360
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we present novel constraints on boosted light dark matter particles ( denoted as ` ` $ \ chi $ ' ' ) from evaporating primordial black holes ( pbhs ) using 205. 4 kg $ \ cdot $ day data from the china jinping underground laboratory ' s cdex - 10 p - type point contact germanium detector with a 160 evee analysis threshold. $ \ chi $ from pbhs with masses ranging from 1 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { 15 } $ g to 7 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { 16 } $ g are searched in this work. in the presence of pbh abundance compatible with present bounds, our result excludes the $ \ chi $ - nucleon elastic - scattering cross section region from 3. 4 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { - 32 } $ cm $ ^ { 2 } $ to 2. 3 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { - 29 } $ cm $ ^ { 2 } $ for $ \ chi $ of 1 kev to 24 mev from pbhs with masses of 5 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { 15 } $ g, as well as from 1. 1 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { - 28 } $ cm $ ^ { 2 } $ to 7. 6 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { - 28 } $ cm $ ^ { 2 } $ for $ \ chi $ of 1 kev to 0. 6 mev from pbhs with masses of 7 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { 16 } $ g. if the $ \ chi $ - nucleon elastic - scattering cross section can be determined in the future, the abundance of pbhs may be severely constrained by $ \ chi $ evaporation. with the lower threshold ( 160 evee ) of the cdex - 10 experiment compared to the previously used experiments, this work allows for a better reach at soft spectra produced by heavier pbhs, which demonstrates the vast potential of such a technical route to pursue $ \ chi $ from larger pbhs with a low threshold.
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arxiv:2211.07477
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skew dyck paths are like dyck paths, but an additional south - west step $ ( - 1, - 1 ) $ is allowed, provided that the path does not intersect itself. lattice paths with catastrophes can drop from any level to the origin in just one step. we combine these two ideas. the analysis is strictly based on generating functions, and the kernel method is used.
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arxiv:2201.02518
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we experimentally study the susceptibility to symmetry breaking of a closed turbulent von k \ ' { a } rm \ ' { a } n swirling flow from $ re = 150 $ to $ re \ simeq 10 ^ { 6 } $. we report a divergence of this susceptibility at an intermediate reynolds number $ re = re _ \ chi \ simeq 90 \, 000 $ which gives experimental evidence that such a highly space and time fluctuating system can undergo a " phase transition ". this transition is furthermore associated with a peak in the amplitude of fluctuations of the instantaneous flow symmetry corresponding to intermittencies between spontaneously symmetry breaking metastable states.
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arxiv:1010.2322
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last - mile delivery of goods has gained a lot of attraction during the covid - 19 pandemic. however, current package delivery processes often lead to parking in the second lane, which in turn has negative effects on the urban environment in which the deliveries take place, i. e., traffic congestion and safety issues for other road users. to tackle these challenges, an effective autonomous delivery system is required that guarantees efficient, flexible and safe delivery of goods. the project logismile, co - funded by eit urban mobility, pilots an autonomous delivery vehicle dubbed the autonomous hub vehicle ( ahv ) that works in cooperation with a small autonomous robot called the autonomous delivery device ( add ). with the two cooperating robots, the project logismile aims to find a possible solution to the challenges of urban goods distribution in congested areas and to demonstrate the future of urban mobility. as a member of nieders \ " achsische forschungszentrum f \ " ur fahrzeugtechnik ( nff ), the institute for software and systems engineering ( isse ) developed an integrated software safety architecture for runtime monitoring of the ahv, with ( 1 ) a dependability cage ( dc ) used for the on - board monitoring of the ahv, and ( 2 ) a remote command control center ( ccc ) which enables the remote off - board supervision of a fleet of ahvs. the dc supervises the vehicle continuously and in case of any safety violation, it switches the nominal driving mode to degraded driving mode or fail - safe mode. additionally, the ccc also manages the communication of the ahv with the add and provides fail - operational solutions for the ahv when it cannot handle complex situations autonomously. the runtime monitoring concept developed for the ahv has been demonstrated in 2022 in hamburg. we report on the obtained results and on the lessons learned.
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arxiv:2307.04454
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recently we have reported the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the quarks and gluons by using the lattice qcd method at the zero temperature. similarly we have also reported the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the thermalized quark - gluon plasma by using the lattice qcd method at the finite temperature. in this paper we extend this to non - equilibrium qcd and present the correct formulation of the hadron formation from the non - equilibrium quark - gluon plasma by using the closed time path integral formalism. hadron formation from the non - equilibrium quark - gluon plasma is necessary to detect the quark - gluon plasma at rhic and lhc.
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arxiv:1904.11374
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the definition of weighted distance measure involves weights. the paper proposes a weighted distance measure without the help of weights. here, weights are intrinsically added to the measure, and for this, the concept of metric space is generalized based on a novel divided difference operator. the proposed operator is used over a two - dimensional sequence of bounded variation, and it generalizes metric space with the introduction of a multivalued metric space called spatial metric space. the environment considered for the study is a two - dimensional atanassov intuitionistic fuzzy set ( aifs ) under the assumption that membership and non - membership components are its independent variables. the weighted distance measure is proposed as a spatial distance measure in the spatial metric space. the spatial distance measure consists of three branches. in the first branch, there is a domination of membership values, non - membership values dominate the second branch, and the third branch is equidominant. the domination of membership and non - membership values are not in the form of weights in the proposed spatial distance measure, and hence it is a measure independent of weights. the proposed spatial metric space is mathematically studied, and as an implication, the spatial similarity measure is multivalued in nature. the spatial similarity measure can recognize a maximum of three patterns simultaneously. the spatial similarity measure is tested for the pattern recognition problems and the obtained classification results are compared with some other existing similarity measures to show its potency. this study connects the double sequence to the application domain via a divided difference operator for the first time while proposing a novel divided difference operator - based spatial metric space.
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arxiv:2312.12020
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we report the discovery using spitzers high resolution spectrograph of 7 active galactic nuclei ( agn ) in a sample of 32 late - type galaxies that show no definitive signatures of agn in their optical spectra. our observations suggest that the agn detection rate in late - type galaxies is possibly 4 times larger than what optical spectroscopic observations alone suggest. we demonstrate using photoionization models with an input agn and an extreme euv - bright starburst ionizing radiation field that the observed mid - infrared line ratios cannot be replicated unless an agn contribution, in some cases as little as 10 % of the total galaxy luminosity, is included. these models show that when the fraction of the total luminosity due to the agn is low, optical diagnostics are insensitive to the presence of the agn. in this regime of parameter space, the mid - infrared diagnostics offer a powerful tool for uncovering agn missed by optical spectroscopy. the agn bolometric luminosities in our sample range from ~ 3 x 10 ^ 41 - ~ 2 x 10 ^ 43 ergs s ^ - 1, which, based on the eddington limit, corresponds to a lower mass limit for the black hole that ranges from ~ 3 x 10 ^ 3mdot to as high as ~ 1. 5 x 10 ^ 5mdot. these lower mass limits however do not put a strain on the well - known relationship between the black hole mass and the host galaxy ' s stellar velocity dispersion established in predominantly early - type galaxies. our findings add to the growing evidence that black holes do form and grow in low - bulge environments and that they are significantly more common than optical studies indicate.
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arxiv:0801.2759
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in this paper we consider a class of inflation models on the brane where the dominant part of the inflaton scalar potential does not depend on the inflaton field value during inflation. in particular, we consider supernatural inflation, its hilltop version, a - term inflation, and supersymmetric ( susy ) d - and f - term hybrid inflation on the brane. we show that the parameter space can be broadened, the inflation scale generally can be lowered, and still possible to have the spectral index $ n _ s = 0. 96 $.
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arxiv:0912.5423
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motivated by the experimental measurement of the decay rate, $ \ gamma $, and the longitudinal polarization, $ p _ l $, in the cabibbo favored decay $ d _ s ^ + \ to \ phi { \ rho } ^ { + } $, we have studied theoretical prediction within the context of factorization approximation invoking several form factors models. we were able to obtain agreement with experiment for both $ \ gamma $ and $ p _ l $ by using experimentally measured values of the form factors $ a _ 1 ^ { d _ s \ phi } ( 0 ) $, $ a _ 2 ^ { d _ s \ phi } ( 0 ) $ and $ v ^ { d _ s \ phi } ( 0 ) $ in the semi - leptonic decay $ d _ s ^ + \ to \ phi l ^ { + } \ nu _ { l } $. we have also included in our calculation the effect of the final state interaction ( $ fsi $ ) by working with the partial waves amplitudes $ s $, $ p $ and $ d $. numerical calculation shows that the decay amplitude is dominated by $ s $ wave, and that the polarization is sensitive to the interference between $ s $ and $ d $ waves. the range of the phase difference $ \ delta _ { sd } = \ delta _ s - \ delta _ d $ accommodated by experimental error in $ p _ l $ is large.
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arxiv:hep-ph/9801239
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we study the physisorption of organic oligomers on the zno ( $ 10 \ bar { 1 } 0 $ ) surface using first - principles density - functional theory and non - empirical embedding methods. we find that both in - plane location and orientation of the molecules are completely determined by the coupling of their quadrupole moments to the periodic dipolar electric field present at the semiconductor surface. the adsorption is associated with the formation of a molecular dipole moment perpendicular to the surface, which bears an unexpected linear relation to the molecule - substrate interaction energy. long oligomers such as sexiphenyl become well - aligned with stabilization energies of several 100 mev along rows of positive electric field, in full agreement with recent experiments. these findings define a new route towards the realization of highly - ordered self - assembled arrays of oligomers / polymers on zno ( $ 10 \ bar { 1 } 0 $ ) and similar surfaces.
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arxiv:1101.4076
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this paper is devoted to numerical simulation of a charged particle beam submitted to a strong oscillating electric field. for that, we consider a two - scale numerical approach as follows : we first recall the two - scale model which is obtained by using two - scale convergence techniques ; then, we numerically solve this limit model by using a backward semi - lagrangian method and we propose a new mesh of the phase space which allows us to simplify the solution of the poisson ' s equation. finally, we present some numerical results which have been obtained by the new method, and we validate its efficiency through long time simulations.
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arxiv:0812.3822
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we have obtained a good quality r $ \ sim $ 400 0. 8 - 2. 5 $ \ mu $ m spectrum and accurate photometry of gl 570d, one of the coolest and least luminous brown dwarfs currently known. the spectrum shows that gl 570d has deeper absorptions in the strong water and methane bands at 1. 12 - 1. 17 $ \ mu $ m, 1. 33 - 1. 45 $ \ mu $ m, 1. 62 - 1. 88 $ \ mu $ m, and 2. 20 - 2. 45 $ \ mu $ m and is both bluer at j - k and redder at $ k - l ^ { \ prime } $ than previously observed t dwarfs. data analysis using model spectra coupled with knowledge of the well - understood primary implies that for the same surface gravity, gl 570d is about 160 k cooler than gl 229b. for an age range of 2 - 5 gyr gl 570d has an effective temperature in the range 784 - 824 k, a log gravity in the range 5. 00 - 5. 27 cm s $ ^ { - 2 } $, and a luminosity in the range 2. 88 - 2. 98 $ \ times $ 10 $ ^ { - 6 } $ l $ _ \ odot $.
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arxiv:astro-ph/0103187
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quantile regression models provide a wide picture of the conditional distributions of the response variable by capturing the effect of the covariates at different quantile levels. in most applications, the parametric form of those conditional distributions is unknown and varies across the covariate space, so fitting the given quantile levels simultaneously without relying on parametric assumptions is crucial. in this work we propose a bayesian model for simultaneous linear quantile regression. more specifically, we propose to model the conditional distributions by using random probability measures known as quantile pyramids. unlike many existing approaches, our framework allows us to specify meaningful priors on the conditional distributions, whilst retaining the flexibility afforded by the nonparametric error distribution formulation. simulation studies demonstrate the flexibility of the proposed approach in estimating diverse scenarios, generally outperforming other competitive methods. the method is particularly promising for modelling the extremal quantiles. applications to linear splines and extreme value analysis are also explored through real data examples.
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arxiv:1606.05407
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video resolutions used in variety of media are constantly rising. while manufacturers struggle to perfect their screens it is also important to ensure high quality of displayed image. overall quality can be measured using mean opinion score ( mos ). video quality can be affected by miscellaneous artifacts, appearing at every stage of video creation and transmission. in this paper, we present a solution to calculate four distinct video quality metrics that can be applied to a real time video quality assessment system. our assessment module is capable of processing 8k resolution in real time set at the level of 30 frames per second. throughput of 2. 19 gb / s surpasses performance of pure software solutions. to concentrate on architectural optimization, the module was created using high level language.
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arxiv:1609.06109
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we propose an ising machine made of microelectromechanical systems ( mems ), where the annealing process is automatically executed by a dissipation mechanism. the core structure is a series of buckled plates. two stable positions of each plate ( left and right ) represent its binary state acting as a bit so that a plate works as a mechanical memory. the electrostatic interaction between adjacent plates is introduced by applying voltage. plates continue to flip between two stable buckled positions until the series of plates reaches a local minimum due to the damping of the mechanical motion. \ red { first, we design ising machines simulating a ferromagnetic ( fm ) interaction and an antiferromagnetic ( af ) interaction separately. then, we propose a fully - connected mems \ network representing a coexistence system of fm and af interactions in an arbitrary way, by way of which an arbitrary combinatorial problem described by the ising model can be solved. } the present mechanism works at room temperature without external magnetic field, which is very different from the standard classical or quantum annealing mechanism.
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arxiv:2106.09931
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we study the power and limitations of posted prices in multi - unit markets, where agents arrive sequentially in an arbitrary order. we prove upper and lower bounds on the largest fraction of the optimal social welfare that can be guaranteed with posted prices, under a range of assumptions about the designer ' s information and agents ' valuations. our results provide insights about the relative power of uniform and non - uniform prices, the relative difficulty of different valuation classes, and the implications of different informational assumptions. among other results, we prove constant - factor guarantees for agents with ( symmetric ) subadditive valuations, even in an incomplete - information setting and with uniform prices.
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arxiv:1705.06623
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two novel results for the gravitational memory effect are presented in this paper. we first extend the formula for the memory effect to solutions with arbitrary two surface boundary topology. the memory effect for the robinson - trautman solution is obtained in its standard form. then we propose a new observational effect for the spin memory. it is a time delay of time - like free falling observers.
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arxiv:1812.07168
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canonical neutrino oscillations arise due to the propagation of three mass eigenstates from production to detection. we aspire to capture, in one simple framework, a broad range of new physics effects on neutrino propagation beyond this canonical picture - this can be done by promoting the neutrino propagators to the general k \ " all \ ' en - lehmann form. in this work we demonstrate how models predicting additional light propagating species of neutrino are naturally accommodated in this language and propose a simple model spectrum composed of just three ` broadened ' states as a flexible ansatz by which to explore the phenomenology of new physics in neutrino propagation. reinterpreting existing neutrino oscillation measurements, we illustrate how this framework provides the capacity to probe deviations from the standard three - neutrino scenario systematically and generally. whilst current data allows for relatively strong constraints on broadened neutrinos, we find the upcoming juno experiment will yield significant improvements, particularly for the heaviest neutrino, paving the way to a clearer understanding of how neutrinos propagate in vacuum.
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arxiv:2209.11270
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there are two standard ways of peeling an orange : either cut the skin along meridians, or cut it along a spiral. we consider here the second method, and study the shape of the spiral strip, when unfolded on a table. we derive a formula that describes the corresponding flattened - out spiral. cutting the peel with progressively thinner strip widths, we obtain a sequence of increasingly long spirals. we show that, after rescaling, these spirals tends to a definite shape, known as the euler spiral. the euler spiral has applications in many fields of science. in optics, the illumination intensity at a point behind a slit is computed from the distance between two points on the euler spiral. the euler spiral also provides optimal curvature for train tracks between a straight run and an upcoming bend. it is striking that it can be also obtained with an orange and a kitchen knife.
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arxiv:1202.3033
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. = = = definitions = = = equations are often used to introduce new terms or symbols for constants, assert equalities, and introduce shorthand for complex expressions, which is called " equal by definition ", and often denoted with ( : = { \ displaystyle : = } ). it is similar to the concept of assignment of a variable in computer science. for example, e : = n = 0 ∞ 1 n! { \ textstyle \ mathbb { e } : = \ sum _ { n = 0 } ^ { \ infty } { \ frac { 1 } { n! } } } defines euler ' s number, and i 2 = − 1 { \ displaystyle i ^ { 2 } = - 1 } is the defining property of the imaginary number i. { \ displaystyle i. } in mathematical logic, this is called an extension by definition ( by equality ) which is a conservative extension to a formal system. this is done by taking the equation defining the new constant symbol as a new axiom of the theory. the first recorded symbolic use of " equal by definition " appeared in logica matematica ( 1894 ) by cesare burali - forti, an italian mathematician. burali - forti, in his book, used the notation ( = def { \ displaystyle = _ { \ text { def } } } ). = = in logic = = = = = history = = = equality is often considered a primitive notion, informally said to be " a relation each thing bears to itself and to no other thing ". this tradition can be traced back to at least 350 bc by aristotle : in his categories, he defines the notion of quantity in terms of a more primitive equality ( distinct from identity or similarity ), stating : the most distinctive mark of quantity is that equality and inequality are predicated of it. each of the aforesaid quantities is said to be equal or unequal. for instance, one solid is said to be equal or unequal to another ; number, too, and time can have these terms applied to them, indeed can all those kinds of quantity that have been mentioned. that which is not a quantity can by no means, it would seem, be termed equal or unequal to anything else. one particular disposition or one particular quality, such as whiteness, is by no means compared with another in terms of equality and inequality but rather in terms of similarity. thus it is the distinctive mark of quantity that it can be called equal
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equality_(mathematics)
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a two - parameter quantum algebra $ u _ { qp } ( { \ rm u } _ 2 ) $ is briefly investigated in this paper. the basic ingredients of a model based on the $ u _ { qp } ( { \ rm u } _ 2 ) $ symmetry, the $ qp $ - rotator model, are presented in detail. some general tendencies arising from the application of this model to the description of rotational bands of various atomic nuclei are summarized.
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arxiv:nucl-th/9602015
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due to the huge category number, the sophisticated combinations of various strokes and radicals, and the free writing or printing styles, generating chinese characters with diverse styles is always considered as a difficult task. in this paper, an efficient and generalized deep framework, namely, the w - net, is introduced for the one - shot arbitrary - style chinese character generation task. specifically, given a single character ( one - shot ) with a specific style ( e. g., a printed font or hand - writing style ), the proposed w - net model is capable of learning and generating any arbitrary characters sharing the style similar to the given single character. such appealing property was rarely seen in the literature. we have compared the proposed w - net framework to many other competitive methods. experimental results showed the proposed method is significantly superior in the one - shot setting.
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arxiv:2406.06122
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the new means for information retrieval called information literacy skills. all catalogs, databases, and a growing number of books are available on the internet. in addition, the expanding free access to open access journals and sources such as wikipedia has fundamentally impacted how information is accessed. information literacy is the ability to " determine the extent of information needed, access the needed information effectively and efficiently, evaluate information and its sources critically, incorporate selected information into one ' s knowledge base, use information effectively to accomplish a specific purpose, and understand the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of information, and access and use information ethically and legally. " in the early 2000s, dlist, digital library for information sciences and technology was established. it was the first open access archive for the multidisciplinary ' library and information sciences ' building a global scholarly communication consortium and the lis commons in order to increase the visibility of research literature, bridge the divide between practice, teaching, and research communities, and improve visibility, uncitedness, and integrate scholarly work in the critical information infrastructures of archives, libraries, and museums. social justice, an important ethical value in librarianship and in the 21st century has become an important research area, if not subdiscipline of lis. = = journals = = see also list of library and information science journals category : library science journals journal citation reports for listing according to impact factor ) some core journals in lis are : annual review of information science and technology ( arist ) ( 1966 – 2011 ) el profesional de la informacion ( epi ) ( 1992 – ) ( formerly information world en espanol ) information processing and management information research : an international electronic journal ( ir ) ( 1995 – ) italian journal of library and information studies ( jlis. it ) journal of documentation ( jdoc ) ( 1945 – ) journal of information science ( jis ) ( 1979 – ) journal of the association for information science and technology ( formerly journal of the american society for information science and technology ) ( jasist ) ( 1950 – ) knowledge organization ( journal ) library literature and information science retrospective library trends ( 1952 – ) scientometrics ( journal ) ( 1978 – ) the library quarterly ( lq ) ( 1931 – ) grandhalaya sarvaswam ( 1915 – ) important bibliographical databases in lis are, among others, social sciences citation index and library and information science abstracts = = conferences = = this is a list of some of the major conferences
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Library_and_information_science
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this paper has been withdrawn by the authors due to the existence of main results in the literature.
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arxiv:hep-th/0406114
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it is shown that any transverse invariant measure of a foliated space can be considered as a measure on the ambient space.
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arxiv:1103.4696
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##gonomics at cornell university published several studies about this technology. in 2005, apple acquired fingerworks and its multi - touch technology. in 2004, french start - up jazzmutant developed the lemur input device, a music controller that became in 2005 the first commercial product to feature a proprietary transparent multi - touch screen, allowing direct, ten - finger manipulation on the display. in january 2007, multi - touch technology became mainstream with the iphone, and in its iphone announcement apple even stated it " invented multi touch ", however both the function and the term predate the announcement or patent requests, except for the area of capacitive mobile screens, which did not exist before fingerworks / apple ' s technology ( fingerworks filed patents in 2001 – 2005, subsequent multi - touch refinements were patented by apple ). however, the u. s. patent and trademark office declared that the " pinch - to - zoom " functionality was predicted by u. s. patent # 7, 844, 915 relating to gestures on touch screens, filed by bran ferren and daniel hillis in 2005, as was inertial scrolling, thus invalidated a key claims of apple ' s patent. in 2001, microsoft ' s table - top touch platform, microsoft pixelsense ( formerly surface ) started development, which interacts with both the user ' s touch and their electronic devices and became commercial on may 29, 2007. similarly, in 2001, mitsubishi electric research laboratories ( merl ) began development of a multi - touch, multi - user system called diamondtouch. in 2008, the diamondtouch became a commercial product and is also based on capacitance, but able to differentiate between multiple simultaneous users or rather, the chairs in which each user is seated or the floorpad on which the user is standing. in 2007, nortd labs open source system offered its cubit ( multi - touch ). small - scale touch devices rapidly became commonplace in 2008. the number of touch screen telephones was expected to increase from 200, 000 shipped in 2006 to 21 million in 2012. in may 2015, apple was granted a patent for a " fusion keyboard ", which turns individual physical keys into multi - touch buttons. = = applications = = apple has retailed and distributed numerous products using multi - touch technology, most prominently including its iphone smartphone and ipad tablet. additionally, apple also holds several patents related to the implementation of multi - touch in user interfaces, however the legitimacy of some patents has been disputed. apple additionally attempted to
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-touch
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in the current era of digital communication and widespread use of social media, it is crucial to develop an understanding of persuasive techniques employed in written text. this knowledge is essential for effectively discerning accurate information and making informed decisions. to address this need, this paper presents a comprehensive empirical study focused on identifying persuasive techniques in arabic social media content. to achieve this objective, we utilize pre - trained language models ( plms ) and leverage the araleval dataset, which encompasses two tasks : binary classification to determine the presence or absence of persuasion techniques, and multi - label classification to identify the specific types of techniques employed in the text. our study explores three different learning approaches by harnessing the power of plms : feature extraction, fine - tuning, and prompt engineering techniques. through extensive experimentation, we find that the fine - tuning approach yields the highest results on the aforementioned dataset, achieving an f1 - micro score of 0. 865 and an f1 - weighted score of 0. 861. furthermore, our analysis sheds light on an interesting finding. while the performance of the gpt model is relatively lower compared to the other approaches, we have observed that by employing few - shot learning techniques, we can enhance its results by up to 20 \ %. this offers promising directions for future research and exploration in this topic \ footnote { upon acceptance, the source code will be released on github. }.
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arxiv:2405.12884
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the two - user multiple access channel ( mac ) with cooperative encoders and channel state information ( csi ) is considered where two different scenarios are investigated : a two - user mac with common message ( maccm ) and a two - user mac with conferencing encoders ( macce ). for both situations, the two cases where the csi is known to the encoders either non - causally or causally are studied. achievable rate regions are established for both discrete memoryless channels and gaussian channels with additive interference. the achievable rate regions derived for the gaussian models with additive interference known non - causally to the encoders are shown to coincide with the capacity region of the same channel with no interference. therefore, the capacity region for such channels is established.
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arxiv:1009.6008
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we compute the o ( 1 / nf ^ 2 ) corrections to the flavour non - singlet quark bilinear currents in qcd in arbitrary spacetime dimensions. hence, the anomalous dimension of the qed current $ \ bar { \ psi } \ sigma ^ { \ mu \ nu } \ psi $ is deduced at four loops in the msbar scheme up to one unknown parameter.
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arxiv:hep-ph/0105038
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it is considered a closed system of non - linear equations for the entrainment matrix of a non - relativistic mixture of superfluid nucleons at arbitrary temperatures below the onset of neutron superfluidity, which takes into account the essential dependence of the superfluid energy gap in the nucleon spectra on the velocities of superfluid flows. it is assumed that the protons condense into the isotropic $ ^ 1 $ s $ _ 0 $ state, and the neutrons are paired into the spin - triplet $ ^ 3 $ p $ _ 2 $ state. it is derived an analytic solution to the non - linear equations for the entrainment matrix under temperatures just below the critical value for the neutron superfluidity onset. in general case of an arbitrary temperature of the superfluid mixture the non - linear equations are solved numerically and fitted by simple formulas convenient for a practical use with an arbitrary set of the landau parameters.
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arxiv:1806.05072
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we demonstrate experimental generation of spatially - entangled photon - pairs by spontaneous parametric down conversion ( spdc ) using a partial spatially coherent pump beam. by varying the spatial coherence of the pump, we show its influence on the downconverted photon ' s spatial correlations and on their degree of entanglement, in excellent agreement with theory. we then exploit this property to produce pairs of photons with a specific degree of entanglement by tailoring of the pump coherence length. this work thus unravels the fundamental transfer of coherence occuring in spdc processes, and provides a simple experimental scheme to generate photon - pairs with a well - defined degree of spatial entanglement, which may be useful for quantum communication and information processing
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arxiv:1812.02046
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besides the growing interest in old concepts like temperature and entropy at the nanoscale, theories of relaxation and transport have recently regained a lot of attention. with the electronic circuits and computer chips getting smaller and smaller, a fresh look should be appropriate on the equilibrium and nonequilibrium thermodynamics at small length scales far below the thermodynamic limit, i. e. on the theoretical understanding of original macroscopic processes, e. g. transport of energy, heat, charge, mass, magnetization etc. only from the foundations of a theory its limits of applicability may be inferred. this review tries to give an overview of the background and recent developments in the field of nonequilibrium quantum thermodynamics focusing on the transport of heat in small quantum systems.
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arxiv:cond-mat/0611612
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for a series of univariate or multivariate complex multiple wiener - it \ ^ o integrals, we appreciably improve the previously known contractions condition of complex fourth moment theorem ( fmt ) and present a fourth moment type berry - ess \ ' een bound under wasserstein distance. note that in some special cases of univariate complex multiple wiener - it \ ^ o integral, the berry - ess \ ' een bound we acquired is optimal. a remarkable fact is that the berry - ess \ ' een bound of multivariate complex multiple wiener - it \ ^ o integral is related to the partially order of the index of the complex multiple wiener - it \ ^ o integral, which has no real counterparts as far as we know. as an application, we explore the asymptotic property for the numerator of a ratio process which originates from the classical chandler wobble model.
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arxiv:2304.08088
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we introduce a new self - accelerating wave packet solution of the schrodinger equation in one dimension. we obtain an exact analytical parabolic cylinder wave for the inverted harmonic potential. we show that truncated parabolic cylinder waves exhibits their accelerating feature.
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arxiv:1611.05434
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we investigate support schemes for infinitesimal unipotent supergroups and their representations. our main results provide a non - cohomological description of these schemes which generalizes the classical work of suslin, friedlander, and bendel. as a consequence, support schemes in this setting have the desired features of such a theory, including naturality with respect to group homomorphisms, the tensor product property, and realizability. as an application of the theory developed here, we investigate support varieties for certain finite - dimensional hopf subalgebras of the steenrod algebra.
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arxiv:1811.04840
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we study the minimal requirements to obtain axion strings for axions with exponentially good quality. these ingredients appear in theories where an axion coming from a higher - form gauge field mixes with the phase of a complex scalar field in a situation that resembles higher - groups. the resulting axion is perturbatively massless and inherits a high - quality shift symmetry from the global higher - form symmetry while being compatible with a post - inflationary axion scenario. due to differences and resemblances with both, extra - dimensional and field theory axions, we call this field the higher axion. to this end, we study a toy model on a 5 - dimensional manifold with boundary. the boundary hosts the complex scalar that provides axion strings through standard mechanisms. in addition, we study how these scenarios may arise in heterotic string theory and type ii string compactifications.
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arxiv:2503.18707
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extended drinfel ' d algebra ( exda ) is the underlying symmetry of non - abelian duality in the low - energy effective theory of string theory. non - abelian u - dualities in maximal supergravities have been studied well, but there has been no study on non - abelian dualities in half - maximal supergravities. in this paper, we construct the exda for half - maximal supergravities in $ d \ geq 4 $. we also find an extension of the homogeneous classical yang - baxter equation in these theories.
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arxiv:2106.02041
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fully entangled fraction ( fef ) is a significant figure of merit for density matrices. in bipartite $ d \ otimes d $ quantum systems, the threshold value fef $ > 1 / d $, carries significant implications for quantum information processing tasks. like separability, the value of fef is also related to the choice of global basis of the underlying hilbert space. a state having its fef $ \ le 1 / d $, might give a value $ > 1 / d $ in another global basis. a change in the global basis corresponds to a global unitary action on the quantum state. in the present work, we find that there are quantum states whose fef remains less than $ 1 / d $, under the action of any global unitary i. e., any choice of global basis. we invoke the hyperplane separation theorem to demarcate the set from states whose fef can be increased beyond $ 1 / d $ through global unitary action. consequent to this, we probe the marginals of a pure three party system in qubits. we observe that under some restrictions on the parameters, even if two parties collaborate ( through unitary action on their combined system ) they will not be able to breach the fef threshold. the study is further extended to include some classes of mixed three qubit and three qutrit systems. furthermore, the implications of our work pertaining to $ k - $ copy nonlocality and teleportation are also investigated.
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arxiv:2201.11360
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analyses of the three valence - quark bound - state problem in relativistic quantum field theory predict that the nucleon may be understood primarily as a borromean bound - state, in which binding arises mainly from two separate effects. one originates in non - abelian facets of qcd that are expressed in the strong running coupling and generate confined but strongly - correlated colour - antitriplet diquark clusters in both the scalar - isoscalar and pseudovector - isotriplet channels. that attraction is magnified by quark exchange associated with diquark breakup and reformation. diquark clustering is driven by the same mechanism which dynamically breaks chiral symmetry in the standard model. it has numerous observable consequences, the complete elucidation of which requires a framework that also simultaneously expresses the running of the coupling and masses in the strong interaction. planned experiments are capable of validating this picture.
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arxiv:1506.05112
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we investigate both analytically and numerically the evolution of scalar perturbations generated in models which exhibit a smooth transition from a contracting to an expanding friedmann universe. we find that the resulting spectral index in the late radiation dominated universe depends on which of the $ \ psi $ or \ $ zeta $ variables passes regularly through the transition. the results can be parameterized through the exponent $ q $ defining the rate of contraction of the universe. for $ q \ geq - 1 / 2 $ we find that there are no stable cases where both variables are regular during the transition. in particular, for $ 0 < q \ ll 1 $, we find that the resulting spectral index is close to scale invariant if $ \ psi $ is regular, whereas it has a steep blue behavior if $ \ zeta $ is regular. we also show that as long as $ q \ leqslant 1 $, perturbations arising from the bardeen potential remain small during contraction in the sense that there exists a gauge in which all the metric and matter perturbation variables are small.
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arxiv:hep-th/0301198
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in the simplest realization of brownian motion, a colloidal sphere moves randomly in an isotropic fluid ; its mean squared displacement ( msd ) grows linearly with time $ \ textit { \ tau } $. brownian motion in an orientationally ordered fluid, a nematic, is anisotropic, with the msd being larger along the axis of molecular orientation, called the director. we show that at short time scales, the anisotropic diffusion in a nematic becomes also anomalous, with the msd growing slower ( subdiffusion ) and faster ( superdiffusion ) than $ \ textit { \ tau } $. the anomalous diffusion occurs at time scales that correspond to the relaxation times of director deformations around the sphere. once the nematic melts, the diffusion becomes normal and isotropic. the experiment shows that the deformations and fluctuations of long - range orientational order profoundly influence diffusive regimes.
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arxiv:1311.2548
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observed solar neutrino fluxes are employed to constrain the interior composition of the sun. including the effects of neutrino flavor mixing, the results from homestake, sudbury, and gallium experiments constrain the mg, si, and fe abundances in the solar interior to be within a factor 0. 89 to 1. 34 of the surface values with 68 % confidence. if the o and / or ne abundances are increased in the interior to resolve helioseismic discrepancies with recent standard solar models, then the nominal interior mg, si, and fe abundances are constrained to a range of 0. 83 to 1. 24 relative to the surface. additional research is needed to determine whether the sun ' s interior is metal poor relative to its surface.
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arxiv:astro-ph/0605647
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we find a new class of hopf algebras, local quasitriangular hopf algebras, which generalize quasitriangular hopf algebras. using these hopf algebras, we obtain solutions of the yang - baxter equation in a systematic way. the category of modules with finite cycles over a local quasitriangular hopf algebra is a braided tensor category.
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arxiv:math/0601541
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there is a growing need for anomaly detection methods that can broaden the search for new particles in a model - agnostic manner. most proposals for new methods focus exclusively on signal sensitivity. however, it is not enough to select anomalous events - there must also be a strategy to provide context to the selected events. we propose the first complete strategy for unsupervised detection of non - resonant anomalies that includes both signal sensitivity and a data - driven method for background estimation. our technique is built out of two simultaneously - trained autoencoders that are forced to be decorrelated from each other. this method can be deployed offline for non - resonant anomaly detection and is also the first complete online - compatible anomaly detection strategy. we show that our method achieves excellent performance on a variety of signals prepared for the adc2021 data challenge.
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arxiv:2111.06417
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weather radar data synthesis can fill in data for areas where ground observations are missing. existing methods often employ reconstruction - based approaches with mse loss to reconstruct radar data from satellite observation. however, such methods lead to over - smoothing, which hinders the generation of high - frequency details or high - value observation areas associated with convective weather. to address this issue, we propose a two - stage diffusion - based method called diffsr. we first pre - train a reconstruction model on global - scale data to obtain radar estimation and then synthesize radar reflectivity by combining radar estimation results with satellite data as conditions for the diffusion model. extensive experiments show that our method achieves state - of - the - art ( sota ) results, demonstrating the ability to generate high - frequency details and high - value areas.
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arxiv:2411.06714
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imposter syndrome is a psychological phenomenon that affects individuals who doubt their skills and abilities, despite possessing the necessary competencies. this can lead to a lack of confidence and poor performance. while research has explored the impacts of imposter syndrome on students and professionals in various fields, there is limited knowledge on how it affects code comprehension in software engineering. in this exploratory study, we investigate the prevalence of imposter syndrome among final - year undergraduate computer science students and its effects on their code comprehension cognition using an eye tracker and heart rate monitor. key findings demonstrate that students identifying as male exhibit lower imposter syndrome levels when analyzing code, and higher imposter syndrome is associated with increased time reviewing a code snippet and a lower likelihood of solving it correctly. this study provides initial data on this topic and establishes a foundation for further research to support student academic success and improve developer productivity and mental well - being.
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arxiv:2404.10194
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we present a general method to calculate the connected correlation function of random ising chains at zero temperature. this quantity is shown to relate to the surviving probability of some one - dimensional, adsorbing random walker on a finite intervall, the size of which is controlled by the strength of the randomness. for different random field and random bond distributions the correlation length is exactly calculated.
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arxiv:cond-mat/9403029
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we revisit the problem of selecting an item from $ n $ choices that appear before us in random sequential order so as to minimize the expected rank of the item selected. in particular, we examine the stopping rule where we reject the first $ k $ items and then select the first subsequent item that ranks lower than the $ l $ - th lowest - ranked item among the first $ k $. we prove that the optimal rule has $ k \ sim n / { \ mathrm e } $, as in the classical secretary problem where our sole objective is to select the item of lowest rank ; however, with the optimally chosen $ l $, here we can get the expected rank of the item selected to be less than any positive power of $ n $ ( as $ n $ approaches infinity ). we also introduce a common generalization where our goal is to minimize the expected rank of the item selected, but this rank must be within the lowest $ d $.
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arxiv:1512.02996
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when it is tried to control drones, there are many different ways through various devices, using either motions like facial motion, special gloves with sensors, red, green, blue cameras on the laptop or even using smartwatches by performing gestures that are picked up by motion sensors. the paper proposes a work on how drones could be controlled using brainwaves without any of those devices. the drone control system of the current research was developed using electroencephalogram signals took by an emotiv insight headset. the electroencephalogram signals are collected from the users brain. the processed signal is then sent to the computer via bluetooth. the headset employs bluetooth low energy for wireless transmission. the brain of the user is trained in order to use the generated electroencephalogram data. the final signal is transmitted to raspberry pi zero via the mqtt messaging protocol. the raspberry pi controls the movement of the drone through the incoming signal from the headset. after years, brain control can replace many normal input sources like keyboards, touch screens or other traditional ways, so it enhances interactive experiences and provides new ways for disabled people to engage with their surroundings.
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arxiv:2102.01429
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understanding how tangential singularities evolve under smoothing processes was one of the first problem concerning regularization of filippov systems. in this paper, we are interested in $ c ^ n $ - regularizations of filippov systems around visible regular - tangential singularities of even multiplicity. more specifically, using fenichel theory and blow - up methods, we aim to understand how the trajectories of the regularized system transits through the region of regularization. we apply our results to investigate $ c ^ n $ - regularizations of boundary limit cycles with even multiplicity contact with the switching manifold.
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arxiv:2003.09547
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motivated by the recent experiment by marguerite et al. [ 1 ] on imaging in graphene samples, we investigate theoretically the dissipation induced by resonant impurities in the quantum hall regime. the impurity induced forward scattering of electrons at quantum hall edges leads to an enhanced phonon emission, which reaches its maximum when the impurity state is tuned to resonance by a scanning tip voltage. our analysis of the effect of the tip potential on the dissipation reveals peculiar thermal rings around the impurities, in consistency with experimental observations. remarkably, this impurity - induced dissipation reveals non - trivial features that are unique for chiral 1d systems such as quantum hall edges. first, the dissipation is not accompanied by the generation of resistance. second, this type of dissipation is highly nonlocal : a single impurity induces heat transfer to phonons along the whole edge.
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arxiv:1908.05035
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the contribution of d waves to physical observables for neutral pion photoproduction in the near threshold region is studied. heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory to one loop, and up to $ { \ cal o } ( q ^ 4 ) $, is used to account for the s and p waves, while d waves are added in an almost model - independent way using standard born terms and vector mesons. it is found that the inclusion of d waves is necessary to extract the $ e _ { 0 + } $ multipole reliably from present and forthcoming data and to assess the low - energy constants of chiral perturbation theory. arguments are presented demonstrating that f - wave contributions are negligible in the near - threshold region.
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arxiv:0902.3412
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recent sophisticated cnn - based algorithms have demonstrated their extraordinary ability to automate counting crowds from images, thanks to their structures which are designed to address the issue of various head scales. however, these complicated architectures also increase computational complexity enormously, making real - time estimation implausible. thus, in this paper, a new method, based on inception - v3, is proposed to reduce the amount of computation. this proposed approach ( icc ), exploits the first five inception blocks and the contextual module designed in can to extract features at different receptive fields, thereby being context - aware. the employment of these two different strategies can also increase the model ' s robustness. experiments show that icc can at best reduce 85. 3 percent calculations with 24. 4 percent performance loss. this high efficiency contributes significantly to the deployment of crowd counting models in surveillance systems to guard the public safety. the code will be available at https : / / github. com / yimingma / crowdcounting - icc, and its pre - trained weights on the crowd counting dataset, which comprises a large variety of scenes from surveillance perspectives, will also open - sourced.
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arxiv:2210.09796
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recent inverse problem solvers that leverage generative diffusion priors have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional quality. however, adaptation of the prior is necessary when there exists a discrepancy between the training and testing distributions. in this work, we propose deep diffusion image prior ( ddip ), which generalizes the recent adaptation method of scd by introducing a formal connection to the deep image prior. under this framework, we propose an efficient adaptation method dubbed d3ip, specified for 3d measurements, which accelerates ddip by orders of magnitude while achieving superior performance. d3ip enables seamless integration of 3d inverse solvers and thus leads to coherent 3d reconstruction. moreover, we show that meta - learning techniques can also be applied to yield even better performance. we show that our method is capable of solving diverse 3d reconstructive tasks from the generative prior trained only with phantom images that are vastly different from the training set, opening up new opportunities of applying diffusion inverse solvers even when training with gold standard data is impossible. code : https : / / github. com / hj - harry / ddip3d
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arxiv:2407.10641
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the international mathematical olympiad ( imo ) is a mathematical olympiad for pre - university students, and is the oldest of the international science olympiads. it is widely regarded as the most prestigious mathematical competition in the world. the first imo was held in romania in 1959. it has since been held annually, except in 1980. more than 100 countries participate. each country sends a team of up to six students, plus one team leader, one deputy leader, and observers. awards are given to approximately the top - scoring 50 % of the individual contestants. teams are not officially recognized — all scores are given only to individual contestants, but team scoring is unofficially compared more than individual scores. = = question type = = the content ranges from extremely difficult algebra and pre - calculus problems to problems in branches of mathematics not conventionally covered in secondary or high school and often not at university level either, such as projective and complex geometry, functional equations, combinatorics, and well - grounded number theory, of which extensive knowledge of theorems is required. calculus, though allowed in solutions, is never required, as there is a principle that anyone with a basic understanding of mathematics should understand the problems, even if the solutions require a great deal more knowledge. supporters of this principle claim that this allows more universality and creates an incentive to find elegant, deceptively simple - looking problems which nevertheless require a certain level of ingenuity, often times a great deal of ingenuity to net all points for a given imo problem. = = selection process = = the selection process differs by country, but it often consists of a series of tests which admit fewer students at each progressing test. contestants must be under the age of 20 and must not be registered at any tertiary institution. subject to these conditions, an individual may participate any number of times in the imo. = = history = = the first imo was held in romania in 1959. since then it has been held every year ( except in 1980, when it was cancelled due to internal strife in mongolia ). it was initially founded for eastern european member countries of the warsaw pact, under the ussr bloc of influence, but later other countries participated as well. because of this eastern origin, the imos were first hosted only in eastern european countries, and gradually spread to other nations. sources differ about the cities hosting some of the early imos. this may be partly because leaders and students are generally housed at different locations, and partly because after the competition the students were sometimes based in multiple cities for the rest
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Mathematical_Olympiad
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intense terahetz ( thz ) pulses induce a photoluminescence ( pl ) flash from undoped high - quality gaas / algaas quantum wells under continuous wave laser excitation. the number of excitons increases 10000 - fold from that of the steady state under only laser excitation. the thz electric field dependence and the relaxation dynamics of the pl flash intensity suggest that the strong electric field of the thz pulse ionizes impurity states during the one - picosecond period of the thz pulse and release carriers from a giant reservoir containing impurity states in the algaas layers.
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arxiv:1307.4151
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for flashy hydrographs when there is no overland flow visible. therefore, there is a need for discovery science in field hydrology, despite any unusual hydrological hypotheses that are formed. = = = psychology = = = an example of discovery science being enhanced for human brain function can be seen in the 1000 functional connectomes project ( fcp ). this project was launched in 2009 as a way of generating and collecting functional magnetic resonance imaging ( fmri ) data from over 1, 000 individuals. similarly to decoding the human genome, the mapping of human brain function presents challenges to the functional neuroimaging community. for the first phase of discovery science, it is necessary to accumulate and share large - scale datasets for data mining. traditionally, the neuroimaging community within psychology has focused on task - based and hypothesis - driven approaches, however, a powerful tool for discovery science has emerged in the form of resting - state functional mri ( r - fmri ). the potential of discovery science remains vast, e. g. 1 ) helping with decision - making and guiding clinical diagnoses by developing objective measures of brain functional integrity, 2 ) assessing the level of efficacy of treatment interventions, and 3 ) tracking responses to treatment. among the scientific community, recruiting participation and achieving collaboration from the broad population is essential for successfully implementing discovery - based science in the context of human brain function. = = methodology = = discovery - based methodologies are often viewed in contrast to traditional scientific practice, where hypotheses are formed before close examination of experimental data. however, from a philosophical perspective where all or most of the observable " low - hanging fruit " has already been plucked, examining the phenomenological world more closely than the senses alone ( even augmented senses, e. g. via microscopes, telescopes, bifocals etc. ) opens a new source of knowledge for hypothesis formation. this process is also known as inductive reasoning or the use of specific observations to make generalisations. discovery science is usually a complex process, and consequently does not follow a simple linear cause and effect pattern. this means that outcomes are uncertain, and it is expected to have disappointing results as a fundamental part of discovery science. in particular, this may apply to medicine for the critically ill, where disease syndromes may be complex and multi - factorial. in psychiatry, studying complex relationships between brain and behaviour requires a large - scale science. this calls for a need to conceptually switch from hypothesis - driven
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discovery_science
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owe to the powerful generative priors, the pre - trained text - to - image ( t2i ) diffusion models have become increasingly popular in solving the real - world image super - resolution problem. however, as a consequence of the heavy quality degradation of input low - resolution ( lr ) images, the destruction of local structures can lead to ambiguous image semantics. as a result, the content of reproduced high - resolution image may have semantic errors, deteriorating the super - resolution performance. to address this issue, we present a semantics - aware approach to better preserve the semantic fidelity of generative real - world image super - resolution. first, we train a degradation - aware prompt extractor, which can generate accurate soft and hard semantic prompts even under strong degradation. the hard semantic prompts refer to the image tags, aiming to enhance the local perception ability of the t2i model, while the soft semantic prompts compensate for the hard ones to provide additional representation information. these semantic prompts encourage the t2i model to generate detailed and semantically accurate results. furthermore, during the inference process, we integrate the lr images into the initial sampling noise to mitigate the diffusion model ' s tendency to generate excessive random details. the experiments show that our method can reproduce more realistic image details and hold better the semantics. the source code of our method can be found at https : / / github. com / cswry / seesr.
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arxiv:2311.16518
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this letter presents the first demonstration of multi - tile stitching for large scale 3d imaging in single objective light - sheet microscopy. we show undistorted 3d imaging spanning complete zebrafish larvae, and over 1 mm3 volumes for thick mouse brain sections. we use remote galvo scanning for light - sheet creation and develop a processing pipeline for 3d tiling across different axes. with the improved one photon ( 1p ) tilt - invariant scanned oblique plane illumination ( sopi ) microscope presented here, we demonstrate cellular resolution imaging at depths exceeding 330 um in optically scattering mouse brain samples, and dendritic imaging in more superficial layers.
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arxiv:1901.00498
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compact formulas for bounce and transit orbit averaging of the fluctuation - amplitude eikonal factor in axisymmetric tokamak geometry, which is frequently encountered in bounce - gyrokinetic description of microturbulence, are given in terms of the jacobi elliptic functions and elliptic integrals. these formulas are readily applicable to the calculation of the neoclassical susceptibility in the framework of modern bounce - gyrokinetic theory. in the long - wavelength limit for axisymmetric electrostatic perturbations, we recover the expression for the rosenbluth - hinton residual zonal flow [ rosenbluth and hinton, phys. ~ rev. ~ lett. ~ { \ bf 80 }, 724 ( 1998 ) ] accurately.
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arxiv:1408.2789
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phenomenological relations exist between the peak luminosity and other observables of type ia supernovae ( sne ~ ia ), that allow one to standardize their peak luminosities. however, several issues are yet to be clarified : sne ~ ia show color variations after the standardization. also, individual sne ~ ia can show residuals in their standardized peak absolute magnitude at the level of $ \ sim 0. 15 $ mag. in this paper, we explore how the color and luminosity residual are related to the wavelength shift of nebular emission lines observed at $ \ gsim 150 $ days after maximum light. a sample of 11 sne ia which likely suffer from little host extinction indicates a correlation ( $ 3. 3 \ sigma $ ) between the peak $ b - v $ color and the late - time emission - line shift. furthermore, a nearly identical relation applies for a larger sample in which only three sne with $ b - v \ gsim 0. 2 $ mag are excluded. following the interpretation that the late - time emission - line shift is a tracer of the viewing direction from which an off - centre explosion is observed, we suggest that the viewing direction is a dominant factor controlling the sn color and that a large part of the color variations is intrinsic, rather than due to the host extinction. we also investigate a relation between the peak luminosity residuals and the wavelength shift in nebular emission lines in a sample of 20 sne. we thereby found a hint of a correlation ( at $ \ sim 1. 6 \ sigma $ level ). the confirmation of this will require a future sample of sne with more accurate distance estimates. radiation transfer simulations for a toy explosion model where different viewing angles cause the late - time emission - line shift are presented, predicting a strong correlation between the color and shift, and a weaker one for the luminosity residual.
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arxiv:1101.3935
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a room - temperature mechanical oscillator undergoes thermal brownian motion with an amplitude much larger than the amplitude associated with a single phonon of excitation. this motion can be read out and manipulated using laser light using a cavity - optomechanical approach. by performing a strong quantum measurement, i. e., counting single photons in the sidebands imparted on a laser, we herald the addition and subtraction of single phonons on the 300k thermal motional state of a 4ghz mechanical oscillator. to understand the resulting mechanical state, we implement a tomography scheme and observe highly non - gaussian phase - space distributions. using a maximum likelihood method, we infer the density matrix of the oscillator and confirm the counter - intuitive doubling of the mean phonon number resulting from phonon addition and subtraction.
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arxiv:2102.04017
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we investigate powerspace constructions on topological spaces, with a particular focus on the category of quasi - polish spaces. we show that the upper and lower powerspaces commute on all quasi - polish spaces, and show more generally that this commutativity is equivalent to the topological property of consonance. we then investigate powerspace constructions on the open set lattices of quasi - polish spaces, and provide a complete characterization of how the upper and lower powerspaces distribute over the open set lattice construction.
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arxiv:1709.06226
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portfolio managers are typically constrained by turnover limits, minimum and maximum stock positions, cardinality, a target market capitalization and sometimes the need to hew to a style ( such as growth or value ). in addition, portfolio managers often use multifactor stock models to choose stocks based upon their respective fundamental data. we use multiobjective evolutionary algorithms ( moeas ) to satisfy the above real - world constraints. the portfolios generated consistently outperform typical performance benchmarks and have statistically significant asset selection.
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arxiv:1109.3488
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science fiction ( often shortened to sci - fi or abbreviated sf ) is a genre of speculative fiction that stereotypically deals with imaginative and futuristic concepts : these concepts include advanced science and technology, space exploration, time travel, parallel universes, and extraterrestrial life. the genre can explore science and technology in different ways, such as human responses to or the consequences of theoretical new advancements. science fiction is related to fantasy ( together abbreviated sf & f ), horror, and superhero fiction, and it contains many subgenres. the genre ' s exact definition has long been disputed among authors, critics, scholars, and readers. major subgenres include hard science fiction, which emphasizes scientific accuracy, and soft science fiction, which focuses on social sciences. other notable subgenres are cyberpunk, which explores the interface between technology and society, and climate fiction, which addresses environmental issues. precedents for science fiction are claimed to exist as far back as antiquity, but the modern genre arose primarily in the 19th and early 20th centuries, when popular writers began looking to technological progress for inspiration and speculation. mary shelley ' s frankenstein, written in 1818, is often credited as the first true science fiction novel. jules verne and h. g. wells are pivotal figures in the genre ' s development. in the 20th century, the genre grew during the golden age of science fiction ; it expanded with the introduction of space operas, dystopian literature, and pulp magazines. science fiction has come to influence not only literature, but also film, television, and culture at large. science fiction can criticize present - day society and explore alternatives, as well as provide entertainment and inspire a " sense of wonder ". = = definitions = = according to isaac asimov, " science fiction can be defined as that branch of literature which deals with the reaction of human beings to changes in science and technology. " robert a. heinlein wrote that " a handy short definition of almost all science fiction might read : realistic speculation about possible future events, based solidly on adequate knowledge of the real world, past and present, and on a thorough understanding of the nature and significance of the scientific method. " american science fiction author and editor lester del rey wrote, " even the devoted aficionado or fan — has a hard time trying to explain what science fiction is, " and the lack of a " full satisfactory definition " is because " there are no easily delineated limits to science fiction. " another definition comes from the literature book by d
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science_fiction
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we point out that the quantum dynamical map of an open quantum system can be generated by an effective liouville operator. the effective liouville shows the dynamical breaking of time reversibility. this breaking of reversibility is expressed by the effective liouville ' s discrete spectrum having negative imaginary parts. this generated dynamics of open quantum systems is capable of memory effects described by a frequency dependence of the spectrum. when memory effects can be neglected or smoothed out, the effective liouville generates the well known semi - group dynamics of open systems in the markov approximation. the spectral analysis of the effective liouville - with or without memory - allows to represent the quantum dynamical map and expectation values of physical quantities by metric expressions using complex eigenvalues and bi - orthonormal eigenmodes. the long time dynamics is dominated by the zero - mode, which forms the stationary state of the open system. the relaxation time scale $ \ tau $ is set by the inverse of the smallest negative imaginary part of the non - vanishing effective eigenvalues of the effective liouville. in generic cases of system - environment - coupling this time scale $ \ tau $ is the relevant scale for both, the relaxation of diagonal elements ( populations ) and the decay of off - diagonal elements ( coherences ) of an initial density matrix in the stationary state ' s diagonal representation. it also sets the time scale after which the entropy tends to its stationary value. the effective liouville and its spectral content thus give a framework to study the dynamic breaking of time reversibility, memory effects, decoherence, relaxation to a stationary state and the role of entropy in open quantum systems.
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arxiv:1707.09660
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let $ h = - d ^ 2 / dx ^ 2 + q ( x ) $, $ x \ in \ mathbb { r } $, where $ q ( x ) $ is a periodic potential, and suppose that the spectrum $ \ sigma ( h ) $ of $ h $ is the positive semi - axis $ [ 0, \ infty ) $. in the case where $ q ( x ) $ is real - valued ( and locally square - integrable ) a well - known result of g. borg states that $ q ( x ) $ must vanish almost everywhere. however, as it was first observed by m. g. gasymov, there is an abundance of complex - valued potentials for which $ \ sigma ( h ) = [ 0, \ infty ) $. in this article we conjecture a characterization of all complex - valued potentials whose spectrum is $ [ 0, \ infty ) $. we also present an analog of borg ' s result for complex potentials.
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arxiv:2409.10266
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let $ g $ be a group and $ x ( g ) $ its sidki double. the idempotent conjecture says that there should be no non - trivial idempotent in the complex group ring of a torsion - free group. we investigate this conjecture for the sidki double of a torsion - free group, and obtain a partial result.
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arxiv:2204.02176
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in this paper, we derive taylor ' s theorem for beta - fractional derivative. we also investigate some new properties of taylor ' s theorem and some useful related theorems for this derivative. we extend some recent and classical integral inequalities to this new simple interesting fractional calculus including steffensen and hermit - hadamard inequality.
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arxiv:2002.01426
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the tile calorimeter ( tilecal ) is the hadronic calorimeter covering the most central region of the atlas experiment at lhc. the tilecal readout consists of about 10000 channels. the atlas upgrade program is divided in three phases : the phase ~ 0 occurs during 2013 - 2014, phase ~ 1 during 2018 - 1019 and finally phase ~ 2, which is foreseen for 2022 - 2023, whereafter the peak luminosity will reach 5 - 7 x 10 $ ^ { 34 } $ cm $ ^ 2 $ s $ ^ { - 1 } $ ( hl - lhc ). the main tilecal upgrade is focused on the phase ~ 2 period. the upgrade aims at replacing the majority of the on - and off - detector electronics so that all calorimeter signals are directly digitized and sent to the off - detector electronics in the counting room. all new electronics must be able to cope with the increased radiation levels. an ambitious upgrade development program is pursued to study different electronics options. three options are presently being investigated for the front - end electronic upgrade. the first option is an improved version of the present system built using commercial components, the second alternative is based on the development of a dedicated asic ( application specific integrated circuit ) and the third is the development of a new version of the qie ( charge integrator and encoder ) based on the one developed for fermilab. all three options will use the same readout and control system using high speed ( up to 40 gb / s ) links for communication and clock synchronization. for the off - detector electronics a new back - end architecture is being developed. a demonstrator prototype read - out for a slice of the calorimeter with most of the new electronics, but still compatible with the present system, is planned to be inserted in atlas already in mid 2014 ( at the end of the phase ~ 0 upgrade ).
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arxiv:1305.0859
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the precise point cloud ground segmentation is a crucial prerequisite of virtually all perception tasks for lidar sensors in autonomous vehicles. especially the clustering and extraction of objects from a point cloud usually relies on an accurate removal of ground points. the correct estimation of the surrounding terrain is important for aspects of the drivability of a surface, path planning, and obstacle prediction. in this article, we propose our system groundgrid which relies on 2d elevation maps to solve the terrain estimation and point cloud ground segmentation problems. we evaluate the ground segmentation and terrain estimation performance of groundgrid and compare it to other state - of - the - art methods using the semantickitti dataset and a novel evaluation method relying on airborne lidar scanning. the results show that groundgrid is capable of outperforming other state - of - the - art systems with an average iou of 94. 78 % while maintaining a high run - time performance of 171hz. the source code is available at https : / / github. com / dcmlr / groundgrid
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arxiv:2405.15664
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the thermally activated vortex bundle flow over the directional - dependent energy barrier in type - ii superconductors is investigated. the coherent oscillation frequency and the mean direction of the random collective pinning force of the vortex bundles are evaluated by applying the random walk theorem. the thermally activated vortex bundle flow velocity is obtained. the temperature - and field - dependent hall and longitudinal resistivities induced by the bundle flow for type - ii superconducting bulk materials and thin films are calculated. all the results are in agreement with the experiments.
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arxiv:0910.0581
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autocorrelation functions ( acfs ) are studied for a sample of 16 long gamma - ray bursts ( grbs ) with known redshift z, that were observed by the batse and konus experiments. when corrected for cosmic time dilation, the acf shows a bimodal distribution. a narrow width class ( 11 bursts ) has at half - maximum a mean width of 1. 6 s with a relative dispersion of 32 %, while a broad width class ( 5 bursts ) has a width of 7. 5 s with a 4 % dispersion. the separation between the two mean values is highly significant ( > 7 standard deviations ). this temporal property could be used on the large existing database of grbs with unknown redshift. the broad width set shows a very good linear correlation between width at half - maximum and ( 1 + z ), with a correlation coefficient r = 0. 995 and a probability of chance alignment < 0. 0004. the potential application of this correlation to cosmology studies is discussed, using it in combination with recently proposed luminosity indicators.
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arxiv:astro-ph/0402107
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we compute the casimir energy between an unusual pair of parallel plates at finite temperature, namely, a perfectely conducting plate ( $ \ epsilon \ to \ infty $ ) and an infinitely permeable one ( $ \ mu \ to \ infty $ ) by applying the generalized zeta function method. we also compute the casimir pressure and discuss the high and the low temperature limits.
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arxiv:hep-th/9807162
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we compute characteristic numbers of crepant resolutions of weierstrass models corresponding to elliptically fibered fourfolds $ y $ dual in f - theory to a gauge theory with gauge group $ g $. in contrast to the case of fivefolds, chern and pontryagin numbers of fourfolds are invariant under crepant birational maps. it follows that chern and pontryagin numbers are independent on a choice of a crepant resolution. we present the results for the euler characteristic, the holomorphic genera, the todd - genus, the $ l $ - genus, the $ \ hat { a } $ - genus, and the curvature invariant $ x _ 8 $ that appears in m - theory. we also show that certain characteristic classes are independent on the choice of the kodaria fiber characterizing the group $ g $. that is the case of $ \ int _ y c _ 1 ^ 2 c _ 2 $, the arithmetic genus, and the $ \ hat { a } $ - genus. thus, it is enough to know $ \ int _ y c _ 2 ^ 2 $ and the euler characteristic $ \ chi ( y ) $ to determine all the chern numbers of an elliptically fibered fourfold. we consider the cases of $ g = $ su ( $ n $ ) for ( $ n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 $ ), usp ( $ 4 $ ), spin ( $ 7 $ ), spin ( $ 8 $ ), spin ( $ 10 $ ), g $ _ 2 $, f $ _ 4 $, e $ _ 6 $, e $ _ 7 $, or e $ _ 8 $.
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arxiv:1807.08755
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we introduce a new class of isolated magnetic skyrmions emerging within tilted ferromagnetic phases of polar magnets with easy - plane anisotropy. the asymmetric magnetic structure of these skyrmions is associated with an intricate pattern of the energy density, which exhibits positive and negative asymptotics with respect to the surrounding state with a ferromagnetic moment tilted away from the polar axis. correspondingly, the skyrmion - skyrmion interaction has an anisotropic character and can be either attractive or repulsive depending on the relative orientation of the skyrmion pair. we investigate the stability of these novel asymmetric skyrmions against the elliptical cone state and follow their transformation into axisymmetric skyrmions, when the tilted ferromagnetic moment of the host phase is reduced. our theory gives clear directions for experimental studies of isolated asymmetric skyrmions and their clusters embedded in tilted ferromagnetic phases.
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arxiv:1704.00100
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it is known that for nonlinear electrodynamics the first law of black hole mechanics holds, however the smarr ' s formula for the total mass does not. in this contribution we discuss the point and determine the corresponding expressions for the bardeen black hole solution that represents a nonlinear magnetic monopole. the same is done for the regular black hole solution derived by ayon - beato and garcia, showing that in the case that variations of the electric charge are involved, the smarr ' s formula does not longer is valid.
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arxiv:gr-qc/0405116
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i describe some phenomenological contexts in which it is possible to investigate effects induced by ( string - motivated ) canonical noncommutative spacetime. due to the peculiar structure of the theory the usual criteria adopted for the choice of experimental contexts in which to test a theory may not be applicable here ; care is required in taking into account the effects of ir / uv mixing. this invites one to consider contexts involving particles of relatively high energies, like high - energy cosmic rays and certain high - energy gamma rays observed from distant astrophysical sources.
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arxiv:hep-th/0401136
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we propose the ( gamma, p ) reaction as a means of producing possible quasi - bound states of omega mesons in nuclei. we use an effective lagrangian, based on chiral su ( 3 ) symmetry and vector meson dominance, in order to construct the omega - nuclear potential. the contribution of bound omega states is observable in the missing energy spectra of protons emitted in forward direction for several nuclei.
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arxiv:nucl-th/0012052
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phase coherence and vortex order in the fully frustrated xy model on a two - dimensional honeycomb lattice are studied by extensive monte carlo simulations using the parallel tempering method and finite - size scaling. no evidence is found for an equilibrium order - disorder or a spin / vortex - glass transition, suggested in previous simulation works. instead, the scaling analysis of correlations of phase and vortex variables in the full equilibrated system is consistent with a phase transition where the critical temperature vanishes and the correlation lengths diverge as a power - law with decreasing temperatures and corresponding critical exponents $ \ nu _ { ph } $ and $ \ nu _ { v } $. this behavior and the near agreement of the critical exponents suggest a zero - temperature transition scenario where phase and vortex variables remain coupled on large length scales.
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arxiv:1204.3291
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dual - comb spectroscopy utilizes two sets of comb lines with slightly different comb - tooth - spacings, and optical spectral information is acquired by measuring the radio - frequency beat notes between the sets of comb lines. it holds the promise as a real - time, high - resolution analytical spectroscopy tool for a range of applications. however, the stringent requirement on the coherence between comb lines from two separate lasers and the sophisticated control system to achieve that have confined the technology to the top metrology laboratories. by replacing control electronics with an all - optical dual - comb lasing scheme, a simplified dual - comb spectroscopy scheme is demonstrated using just one dual - wavelength, passively mode - locked fiber laser. dual - comb pulses with a repetition - frequency difference determined by the intracavity dispersion are shown to be sufficiently stable against common - mode cavity drifts and noises. as sufficiently low relative linewidth is maintained between two sets of comb lines, capability to resolve rf beat notes between comb teeth and picometer - wide optical spectral features is demonstrated using a simple data acquisition and processing system in an all - fiber setup. possibility to use energy - efficient, free - running fiber lasers with a small comb - tooth - spacing could enable the realization of low - cost dual - comb spectroscopy systems affordable to more applications.
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arxiv:1602.07788
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in many applications of multiple testing, ancillary information is available, reflecting the hypothesis null or alternative status. several methods have been developed to leverage this ancillary information to enhance testing power, typically requiring the ancillary information is helpful enough to ensure favorable performance. in this paper, we develop a robust and effective distance - assisted multiple testing procedure named dart2, designed to be powerful and robust regardless of the quality of ancillary information. when the ancillary information is helpful, dart2 can asymptotically control fdr while improving power ; otherwise, dart2 can still control fdr and maintain power at least as high as ignoring the ancillary information. we demonstrated dart2 ' s superior performance compared to existing methods through numerical studies under various settings. in addition, dart2 has been applied to a gene association study where we have shown its superior accuracy and robustness under two different types of ancillary information.
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arxiv:2409.03618
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this paper has been withdrawn by the author ( s ), due an error in the proof.
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arxiv:math/0606749
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frenkel exciton population dynamics of an excitonic dimer is studied by comparing results from a quantum master equation ( qme ) involving rates from second - order perturbative treatment with respect to the excitonic coupling with non - perturbative results from ` ` hierarchical equations of motion ' ' ( heom ). by formulating generic liouville - space expressions for the rates, we can choose to evaluate them either via heom propagations or by applying cumulant expansion. the coupling of electronic transitions to bath modes is modeled either as overdamped oscillators for description of thermal bath components or as underdamped oscillators to account for intramolecular vibrations. cases of initial nonequilibrium and equilibrium vibrations are discussed. in case of heom initial equilibration enters via a polaron transformation. pointing out the differences between the nonequilibrium and equilibrium approach in the context of the projection operator formalism, we identify a further description, where the transfer dynamics is driven only by fluctuations without involvement of dissipation. despite this approximation, also this approach can yield meaningful results in certain parameter regimes. while for the chosen model heom has no technical advantage for evaluation of the rate expressions compared to cumulant expansion, there are situations where only evaluation with heom is applicable. for instance, a separation of reference and interaction hamiltonian via a polaron transformation to account for the interplay between coulomb coupling and vibrational oscillations of the bath at the level of a second - order treatment can be adjusted for a treatment with heom.
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arxiv:2008.12667
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credit scoring is a rapidly expanding analytical technique used by banks and other financial institutions. academic studies on credit scoring provide a range of classification techniques used to differentiate between good and bad borrowers. the main contribution of this paper is to introduce a new method for credit scoring based on gaussian mixture models. our algorithm classifies consumers into groups which are labeled as positive or negative. labels are estimated according to the probability associated with each class. we apply our model with real world databases from australia, japan, and germany. numerical results show that not only our model ' s performance is comparable to others, but also its flexibility avoids over - fitting even in the absence of standard cross validation techniques. the framework developed by this paper can provide a computationally efficient and powerful tool for assessment of consumer default risk in related financial institutions.
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arxiv:2010.13388
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in this paper, we perform a bayesian statistical fit to estimate the free parameters of a nonsingular black hole in conformal gravity by employing megamaser astrophysical data of the supermassive black hole hosted at the center of the active galactic nucleus of ngc 4258. this estimation has been carried out by taking into account a general relativistic approach, which makes use of the positions on the sky of the photon sources and the frequency shift observations from the water megamaser system in circular motion around the black hole. within the framework of conformal gravity, a way to eliminate the singularity at r = 0 from the schwarzschild spacetime is by introducing a conformal factor characterized by a length scale parameter l and an integer parameter n. therefore, the spacetime geometry depends on the mass of the black hole, and the conformal gravity parameters l and n. in this work, we estimate the mass - to - distance ratio m / d and the length scale ratio l / d for fixed values of the integer parameter n = 1, 2. this method leads to posterior gaussian distribution for all the parameters, thus obtaining a most probable value for the length scale parameter l, in contrast to the information extracted from previous constraints based on x - ray astrophysical data, where an upper bound for the parameter l has been established. furthermore, we obtain new physical properties regarding the existence of the isco radius for this nonsingular spacetime.
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arxiv:2504.04588
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we study radiative corrections to the mass spectrum and the triple higgs boson coupling in the model with an additional y = 1 triplet field. in this model, the vacuum expectation value for the triplet field is strongly constrained from the electroweak precision data, under which characteristic mass spectrum appear at the tree level ; i. e., $ m _ { h ^ { + + } } ^ 2 - m _ { h ^ + } ^ 2 \ simeq m _ { h ^ + } ^ 2 - m _ a ^ 2 $ and $ m _ a ^ 2 \ simeq m _ h ^ 2 $, where the cp - even ( $ h $ ), the cp - odd ( $ a $ ) and the doubly - charged ( $ h ^ { \ pm \ pm } $ ) as well as the singly - charged ( $ h ^ \ pm $ ) higgs bosons are the triplet - like. we evaluate how the tree - level formulae are modified at the one - loop level. the $ hhh $ coupling for the standard model - like higgs boson ( $ h $ ) is also calculated at the one - loop level. one - loop corrections to these quantities can be large enough for identification of the model by future precision data at the lhc or the international linear collider.
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arxiv:1204.1951
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