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| creation_date
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|---|---|---|---|---|
1702.05494
|
Time-resolved polarimetry of the superluminous SN 2015bn with the Nordic Optical Telescope
|
We present imaging polarimetry of the superluminous supernova SN 2015bn, obtained over nine epochs between $-$20 and $+$46 days with the Nordic Optical Telescope. This was a nearby, slowly-evolving Type I superluminous supernova that has been studied extensively and for which two epochs of spectropolarimetry are also available. Based on field stars, we determine the interstellar polarisation in the Galaxy to be negligible. The polarisation of SN 2015bn shows a statistically significant increase during the last epochs, confirming previous findings. Our well-sampled imaging polarimetry series allows us to determine that this increase (from $\sim 0.54\%$ to $\gtrsim 1.10\%$) coincides in time with rapid changes that took place in the optical spectrum. We conclude that the supernova underwent a `phase transition' at around $+$20 days, when the photospheric emission shifted from an outer layer, dominated by natal C and O, to a more aspherical inner core, dominated by freshly nucleosynthesized material. This two-layered model might account for the characteristic appearance and properties of Type I superluminous supernovae.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.HE",
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.SR"
] | 2017-02-17T19:00:15Z |
2302.06977
|
N-recollements and Virtually Gorenstein Algebras
|
The relation between the $n$-recollements of stable categories of Gorenstein projective modules and the virtual Gorensteinness of algebras are investigated. Let $A,B$, and $C$ be finite dimensional algebras. We prove that if the stable category of Gorenstein projective $A$-modules admits a $n$-recollement relative to that of $B$ and $C$ with $n\geq 2$, then $A$ is virtually Gorenstein if and only if so are $B$ and $C$.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.RA",
"Mathematics Archive->math.RT"
] | 2023-02-14T11:15:46Z |
2002.11371
|
PuzzleNet: Scene Text Detection by Segment Context Graph Learning
|
Recently, a series of decomposition-based scene text detection methods has achieved impressive progress by decomposing challenging text regions into pieces and linking them in a bottom-up manner. However, most of them merely focus on linking independent text pieces while the context information is underestimated. In the puzzle game, the solver often put pieces together in a logical way according to the contextual information of each piece, in order to arrive at the correct solution. Inspired by it, we propose a novel decomposition-based method, termed Puzzle Networks (PuzzleNet), to address the challenging scene text detection task in this work. PuzzleNet consists of the Segment Proposal Network (SPN) that predicts the candidate text segments fitting arbitrary shape of text region, and the two-branch Multiple-Similarity Graph Convolutional Network (MSGCN) that models both appearance and geometry correlations between each segment to its contextual ones. By building segments as context graphs, MSGCN effectively employs segment context to predict combinations of segments. Final detections of polygon shape are produced by merging segments according to the predicted combinations. Evaluations on three benchmark datasets, ICDAR15, MSRA-TD500 and SCUT-CTW1500, have demonstrated that our method can achieve better or comparable performance than current state-of-the-arts, which is beneficial from the exploitation of segment context graph.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2020-02-26T09:21:05Z |
2001.10510
|
Thermodynamic geometry and interacting microstructures of BTZ black holes
|
In this work, we present a study to probe the nature of interactions between black hole microstructures for the case of the BTZ black holes. Even though BTZ black holes without any angular momentum or electric charge thermodynamically behave as an ideal gas, i.e. with non-interacting microstructures; in the presence of electric charge or angular momentum, BTZ black holes are associated with repulsive interactions among the microstructures. We extend the study to the case of exotic BTZ black holes with mass $M = \alpha m + \gamma \frac{j}{l}$ and angular momentum $J=\alpha j + \gamma l m$, for arbitrary values of $ (\alpha, \gamma)$ ranging from purely exotic $(\alpha=0,\gamma=1)$, slightly exotic $(\alpha > \frac{1}{2},\gamma < \frac{1}{2})$ and highly exotic $(\alpha < \frac{1}{2}, \gamma > \frac{1}{2})$. We find that unlike the normal BTZ black holes (the case $\alpha =1,\gamma =0$), there exist both attraction as well as repulsion dominated regions in all the cases of exotic BTZ black holes.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2020-01-28T18:27:30Z |
hep-ph/0702056
|
R-Parity Violation and Non-Abelian Discrete Family Symmetry
|
We investigate the implications of R-parity violating operators in a model with family symmetry. The family symmetry can determine the form of R-parity violating operators as well as the Yukawa matrices responsible for fermion masses and mixings. In this paper we consider a concrete model with non-abelian discrete symmetry Q_6 which contains only three R-parity violating operators. We find that ratios of decay rates of the lepton flavor violating processes are fixed thanks to the family symmetry, predicting BR(tau to 3e)/BR(tau to 3mu) ~ 4 m_{mu}^2/m_{tau}^2.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2007-02-05T10:36:33Z |
hep-ph/0208152
|
Primordial magnetic fields
|
Large scale magnetic fields represent a triple point where cosmology, high-energy physics and astrophysics meet for different but related purposes. After reviewing the implications of large scale magnetic fields in these different areas, the role of primordial magnetic fields is discussed in various physical processes occurring prior to the decoupling epoch with particular attention to the big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) epoch and to the electroweak (EW) epoch. The generation of matter--antimatter isocurvature fluctuations, induced by hypermagnetic fields, is analyzed in light of a possible increase of extra-relativistic species at BBN. It is argued that stochastic GW backgrounds can be generated by hypermagnetic fields at the LISA frequency. The problem of the origin of large scale magnetic fields is also scrutinized.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2002-08-15T16:45:05Z |
2210.06847
|
Superconductivity in doped triangular Mott insulators: the roles of parent spin backgrounds and charge kinetic energy
|
We study the prerequisites for realizing superconductivity in doped triangular-lattice Mott insulators by considering three distinct parent spin backgrounds, i.e., $120^{\circ}$ antiferromagnets, quantum spin liquid, and stripy antiferromagnets, and all possible sign combinations $(\tau_1, \tau_2)$ of nearest-neighbor hopping and next-nearest-neighbor hopping $(t_1, t_2)$. Based on density-matrix renormalization group calculations, we find that, with finite $t_2$ and specific sign combinations $(\tau_1, \tau_2)$, the quasi-long-range superconductivity order can always be achieved, regardless of the nature of the parent spin backgrounds. Besides specific hopping signs $(\tau_1, \tau_2)$, these superconductivity phases in triangular lattices are commonly characterized by short-ranged spin correlations and two charges per stripe. In the robust superconductivity phase realized at larger $t_2/t_1$, flipping the signs $\tau_2$ and $\tau_1$ gives rise to the stripe phase without strong pairing and pseudogap-like phase without Cooper-pair phase coherence, respectively. Interestingly, the roles of the two hopping signs are switched at smaller $t_2/t_1$. Moreover, different sign combinations $(\tau_1, \tau_2)$ would stabilize distinct phases including superconductivity, charge density waves, spin density waves, and pseudogap-like phases accordingly. Our findings suggest the important role of charge kinetic energy in realizing superconductivity in doped triangular-lattice Mott insulators.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el",
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.supr-con"
] | 2022-10-13T08:57:38Z |
hep-ex/0605069
|
Prospects for measuring Higgs properties at the LHC
|
In the following, the prospects for measuring the SM Higgs properties at the LHC are reviewed, in particular its mass, width, spin, CP eigenstates as well as its couplings to the SM fermions and gauge bosons. The possibility of performing the difficult trilinear Higgs self-coupling measurement is also discussed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ex"
] | 2006-05-16T08:07:27Z |
2101.02127
|
RethNet: Object-by-Object Learning for Detecting Facial Skin Problems
|
Semantic segmentation is a hot topic in computer vision where the most challenging tasks of object detection and recognition have been handling by the success of semantic segmentation approaches. We propose a concept of object-by-object learning technique to detect 11 types of facial skin lesions using semantic segmentation methods. Detecting individual skin lesion in a dense group is a challenging task, because of ambiguities in the appearance of the visual data. We observe that there exist co-occurrent visual relations between object classes (e.g., wrinkle and age spot, or papule and whitehead, etc.). In fact, rich contextual information significantly helps to handle the issue. Therefore, we propose REthinker blocks that are composed of the locally constructed convLSTM/Conv3D layers and SE module as a one-shot attention mechanism whose responsibility is to increase network's sensitivity in the local and global contextual representation that supports to capture ambiguously appeared objects and co-occurrence interactions between object classes. Experiments show that our proposed model reached MIoU of 79.46% on the test of a prepared dataset, representing a 15.34% improvement over Deeplab v3+ (MIoU of 64.12%).
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2021-01-06T16:41:03Z |
2208.11584
|
An objective collapse model without state dependent stochasticity
|
The impossibility of describing measurement in quantum mechanics while using a quantum mechanical model for the measurement machine, remains one of its central problems. Objective collapse theories attempt to resolve this problem by proposing alterations to Schroedinger's equation. Here, we present a minimal model for an objective collapse theory that, in contrast to previous proposals, does not employ state dependent stochastic terms in its construction. It is an explicit proof of principle that it is possible for Born's rule to emerge from a stochastic evolution in which no properties of the stochastic process depend on the state being evolved. We propose the presented model as a basis from which more realistic objective collapse theories can be constructed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el",
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2022-08-24T14:46:39Z |
cond-mat/0502467
|
High-energy Cu spin excitations in PrBa2Cu3O6+x
|
This paper describes high-energy neutron inelastic scattering measurements of propagating magnetic excitations in PrBa2Cu3O6+x (x approx 0.2 and 0.93). The measurements probe the acoustic and optic modes of the antiferromagnetically-ordered copper--oxygen bilayers in the energy range 50-150 meV. The observed magnon dispersion can be described satisfactorily in this energy range by a spin wave model including intra- and inter-layer nearest-neighbour exchange constants J_parallel and J_perp. We find J_parallel = 127 +/- 10 meV and J_perp = 5.5 +/- 0.9 meV. The value of J_parallel is virtually the same as that found in YBa2Cu3O6.2, but J_perp is a factor of two smaller. To within experimental error the values of J_parallel and J_perp for PrBa2Cu3O6+x do not vary with oxygen doping.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el",
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.supr-con"
] | 2005-02-18T18:48:47Z |
1610.00446
|
Informational and entropic criteria of self-organization
|
The work is devoted to study of the following problem: can we use any qualitative criteria for realization of such universal phenomenon as self-organization in open systems? We have defined values of information at fixed points of probability function of density of information and entropy. Physical meaning of these values as criteria of self-affinity and self-similarity in chaotic processes have been explained. We have shown that self-organization occurs if normalized information entropy S belongs to the range 0.567<S<0.806. The validity of these findings is confirmed by calculation of value of S for hierarchical sets of well-known fractals.
|
[
"Physics Archive->nlin->nlin.AO"
] | 2016-10-03T08:54:17Z |
1810.13279
|
Product of Invariant Types Modulo Domination-Equivalence
|
We investigate the interaction between the product of invariant types and domination-equivalence. We present a theory where the latter is not a congruence with respect to the former, provide sufficient conditions for it to be, and study the resulting quotient when it is.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.LO"
] | 2018-10-31T13:37:27Z |
2103.05050
|
Forbidden intersections for codes
|
Determining the maximum size of a $t$-intersecting code in $[m]^n$ was a longstanding open problem of Frankl and F\"uredi, solved independently by Ahlswede and Khachatrian and by Frankl and Tokushige. We extend their result to the setting of forbidden intersections, by showing that for any $m>2$ and $n$ large compared with $t$ (but not necessarily $m$) that the same bound holds for codes with the weaker property of being $(t-1)$-avoiding, i.e.\ having no two vectors that agree on exactly $t-1$ coordinates. Our proof proceeds via a junta approximation result of independent interest, which we prove via a development of our recent theory of global hypercontractivity: we show that any $(t-1)$-avoiding code is approximately contained in a $t$-intersecting junta (a code where membership is determined by a constant number of co-ordinates). In particular, when $t=1$ this gives an alternative proof of a recent result of Eberhard, Kahn, Narayanan and Spirkl that symmetric intersecting codes in $[m]^n$ have size $o(m^n)$.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2021-03-08T20:10:09Z |
1312.0235
|
A Galois-Grothendieck-type correspondence for groupoid actions
|
In this paper we present a Galois-Grothendieck-type correspondence for groupoid actions. As an application a Galois-type correspondence is also given.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.RA"
] | 2013-12-01T15:38:35Z |
hep-th/9605188
|
On the Evolution Operator Kernel for the Coulomb and Coulomb--Like Potentials
|
With a help of the Schwinger --- DeWitt expansion analytical properties of the evolution operator kernel for the Schr\"odinger equation in time variable $t$ are studied for the Coulomb and Coulomb-like (which behaves themselves as $1/|\vec q|$ when $|\vec q| \to 0$) potentials. It turned out to be that the Schwinger --- DeWitt expansion for them is divergent. So, the kernels for these potentials have additional (beyond $\delta$-like) singularity at $t=0$. Hence, the initial condition is fulfilled only in asymptotic sense. It is established that the potentials considered do not belong to the class of potentials, which have at $t=0$ exactly $\delta$-like singularity and for which the initial condition is fulfilled in rigorous sense (such as $V(q) = -\frac{\lambda (\lambda-1)}{2} \frac {1}{\cosh^2 q}$ for integer $\lambda$).
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th",
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 1996-05-25T06:16:58Z |
2104.02067
|
Spinorial coordinates for Lorentzian 4-metrics
|
Lorentzian 4-metrics are expressed in spinorial coordinates. In these coordinates the metric components can be factorized into a product of complex conjugate quantities. The linearized theory and Einstein's vacuum field equations are studied using these coordinates. The relationship between Lorentzian and complex 4-metrics is discussed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 2021-04-05T16:03:14Z |
2006.10391
|
Non-Hermiticity and topological invariants of magnon Bogoliubov-de Gennes systems
|
Since the theoretical prediction and experimental observation of the thermal Hall effect of magnons, a variety of novel phenomena that may occur in magnonic systems have been proposed. In this paper, we review the recent advances in the study of topological phases of magnon Bogoliubov-de Gennes (BdG) systems. After giving an overview of the previous works on electronic topological insulators and the thermal Hall effect of magnons, we provide the necessary background for bosonic BdG systems, with a particular emphasis on their non-Hermiticity arising from the diagonalization of the BdG Hamiltonian. After that, we introduce the definitions of $ \mathbb{Z}_2 $ topological invariants for bosonic systems with pseudo-time-reversal symmetry, which ensures the existence of bosonic counterparts of "Kramers pairs". Because of the intrinsic non-Hermiticity of the bosonic BdG systems, these topological invariants have to be defined in terms of the bosonic Berry connection and curvature. We then introduce theoretical models that can be thought of as magnonic analogues of two- and three-dimensional topological insulators in class AII. We demonstrate analytically and numerically that the $ \mathbb{Z}_2 $ topological invariants precisely characterize the presence of gapless edge/surface states. We also predict that bilayer CrI$_3$ with a particular stacking would be an ideal candidate for realization of a two-dimensional magnon system characterized by a nontrivial $ \mathbb{Z}_2 $ topological invariant. For three-dimensional topological magnon systems, the thermal Hall effect of magnons is expected to occur when a magnetic field is applied to the surface.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2020-06-18T09:50:42Z |
1906.00687
|
Relation Embedding with Dihedral Group in Knowledge Graph
|
Link prediction is critical for the application of incomplete knowledge graph (KG) in the downstream tasks. As a family of effective approaches for link predictions, embedding methods try to learn low-rank representations for both entities and relations such that the bilinear form defined therein is a well-behaved scoring function. Despite of their successful performances, existing bilinear forms overlook the modeling of relation compositions, resulting in lacks of interpretability for reasoning on KG. To fulfill this gap, we propose a new model called DihEdral, named after dihedral symmetry group. This new model learns knowledge graph embeddings that can capture relation compositions by nature. Furthermore, our approach models the relation embeddings parametrized by discrete values, thereby decrease the solution space drastically. Our experiments show that DihEdral is able to capture all desired properties such as (skew-) symmetry, inversion and (non-) Abelian composition, and outperforms existing bilinear form based approach and is comparable to or better than deep learning models such as ConvE.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.AI",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2019-06-03T10:13:32Z |
1505.06063
|
Majorization relation in quantum critical systems
|
The most basic local conversion is local operations and classical communications (LOCC), which is also the most natural restriction in quantum information processing. We investigate the conversions between the ground states in quantum critical systems via LOCC and propose an novel method to reveal the different convertibility via majorization relation when a quantum phase transition occurs. The ground-state local convertibility in the one-dimensional transverse field Ising model is studied. It is shown that the LOCC convertibility changes nearly at the phase transition point. The relation between the order of quantum phase transitions and the LOCC convertibility is discussed. Our results are compared with the corresponding results using the Renyi entropy and the LOCC convertibility with assisted entanglement.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2015-05-22T13:23:58Z |
2003.01364
|
multi-patch aggregation models for resampling detection
|
Images captured nowadays are of varying dimensions with smartphones and DSLR's allowing users to choose from a list of available image resolutions. It is therefore imperative for forensic algorithms such as resampling detection to scale well for images of varying dimensions. However, in our experiments, we observed that many state-of-the-art forensic algorithms are sensitive to image size and their performance quickly degenerates when operated on images of diverse dimensions despite re-training them using multiple image sizes. To handle this issue, we propose a novel pooling strategy called ITERATIVE POOLING. This pooling strategy can dynamically adjust input tensors in a discrete without much loss of information as in ROI Max-pooling. This pooling strategy can be used with any of the existing deep models and for demonstration purposes, we show its utility on Resnet-18 for the case of resampling detection a fundamental operation for any image sought of image manipulation. Compared to existing strategies and Max-pooling it gives up to 7-8% improvement on public datasets.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2020-03-03T07:19:56Z |
hep-th/0502215
|
Quantum Relaxation of the Cosmological Constant
|
We describe a mechanism that drives the Cosmological Constant to zero value. This mechanism is based on the quantum triviality of $\lambda \phi^4$ field theory and works in $AdS$ space. Some subtleties of the model are discussed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2005-02-23T21:01:16Z |
1710.03171
|
Density matrix approach to photon-assisted tunneling in the transfer Hamiltonian formalism
|
The transfer Hamiltonian tunneling current is derived in a time-dependent density matrix formulation and is used to examine photon-assisted tunneling. Bardeen's tunneling expression arises as the result of first order perturbation theory in a mean-field expansion of the density matrix. Photon-assisted tunneling from confined electromagnetic fields in the forbidden barrier region occurs due to time-varying polarization and wavefunction overlap in the gap, which leads to a non-zero tunneling current in asymmetric device structures, even in an unbiased state. The photon energy is seen to act as an effective temperature dependent bias in a uniform barrier asymmetric tunneling example problem. Higher order terms in the density matrix expansion give rise to multi-photon enhanced tunneling currents that can be considered an extension of non-linear optics where the non-linear conductance plays a similar role as the non-linear susceptibilities in the continuity equations.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2017-10-09T16:16:51Z |
cond-mat/0308550
|
Interaction Effects at Crossings of Spin-Polarised One-Dimensional Subbands
|
We report conductance measurements of ballistic one-dimensional (1D) wires defined in GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures in an in-plane magnetic field, B. When the Zeeman energy is equal to the 1D subband energy spacing, the spin-split subband N(up-spin) intersects (N+1)(down-spin), where N is the index of the spin-degenerate 1D subband. At the crossing of N=1(up-spin) and N=2(down-spin) subbands, there is a spontaneous splitting giving rise to an additional conductance structure evolving from the 1.5(2e^2/h) plateau. With further increase in B, the structure develops into a plateau and lowers to 2e^2/h. With increasing temperature and magnetic field the structure shows characteristics of the 0.7 structure. Our results suggest that at low densities a spontaneous spin splitting occurs whenever two 1D subbands of opposite spins cross.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2003-08-26T16:43:14Z |
cond-mat/0204147
|
Topological Confinement of Spins and Charges: Spinons as pi-junctions
|
Topologically nontrivial states, the solitons, emerge as elementary excitations in 1D electronic systems. In a quasi 1D material the topological requirements originate the spin- or charge- roton like excitations with charge- or spin- kinks localized in the core. They result from the spin-charge recombination due to confinement and the combined symmetry. The rotons possess semi-integer winding numbers which may be relevant to configurations discussed in connection to quantum computing schemes. Practically important is the case of the spinon functioning as the single electronic pi- junction in a quasi 1D superconducting material.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2002-04-05T16:22:39Z |
2007.12867
|
Electron scattering in a superlattice of line defects on the surface of topological insulators
|
The electron scattering from periodic line defects on the surface of topological insulators with hexagonal warping effect is investigated theoretically by means of a transfer matrix method. The influence of surface line defects, acting as structural ripples on propagation of electrons are studied in two perpendicular directions due to the asymmetry of warped energy contour under momentum exchange. The transmission profiles and the details of resonant peaks which vary with the number of defects and the strength of their potentials are strongly dependent on the direction in which the line defects extend. At low energies, the quantum interference between the incident and reflected propagating electrons has the dominant contribution in transmission resonances, while at high energies the multiple scattering processes on the constant-energy contour also appear because of the strong warping effect. By increasing the spatial separation between the line defects, the minimum value of electrical conductance remains significantly high at low incident energies, while the minimum value may approach zero at high energies as the number of defects is increased. Our findings suggest that the potential ripples on the surface of topological insulators can be utilized to control the local electronic properties of these materials.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2020-07-25T06:31:53Z |
2103.12092
|
Recursion relations for 5-point conformal blocks
|
We consider 5-point functions in conformal field theories in d > 2 dimensions. Using weight-shifting operators, we derive recursion relations which allow for the computation of arbitrary conformal blocks appearing in 5-point functions of scalar operators, reducing them to a linear combination of blocks with scalars exchanged. We additionally derive recursion relations for the conformal blocks which appear when one of the external operators in the 5-point function has spin 1 or 2. Our results allow us to formulate positivity constraints using 5-point functions which describe the expectation value of the energy operator in bilocal states created by two scalars.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.MP",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th",
"Physics Archive->math-ph"
] | 2021-03-22T18:00:17Z |
2103.08178
|
Modeling and forecasting Spread of COVID-19 epidemic in Iran until Sep 22, 2021, based on deep learning
|
The recent global outbreak of covid-19 is affecting many countries around the world. Due to the growing number of newly infected individuals and the health-care system bottlenecks, it will be useful to predict the upcoming number of patients. This study aims to efficiently forecast the is used to estimate new cases, number of deaths, and number of recovered patients in Iran for 180 days, using the official dataset of the Iranian Ministry of Health and Medical Education and the impact of control measures on the spread of COVID-19. Four different types of forecasting techniques, time series, and machine learning algorithms, are developed and the best performing method for the given case study is determined. Under the time series, we consider the four algorithms including Prophet, Long short-term memory, Autoregressive, Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average models. On comparing the different techniques, we found that deep learning methods yield better results than time series forecasting algorithms. More specifically, the least value of the error measures is observed in seasonal ANN and LSTM models. Our findings showed that if precautionary measures are taken seriously, the number of new cases and deaths will decrease, and the number of deaths in September 2021 will reach zero.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.AI",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG",
"Statistics Archive->stat.ML"
] | 2021-03-15T07:36:12Z |
cond-mat/0310547
|
Phenomenological framework for nonequilibrium steady states of molecular motors
|
An expression for the energetic efficiency of a molecular motor is presented in terms of an effective temperature, which was defined based on the ratio of the correlation function to the susceptibility of its velocity. We also present a numerical result regarding this temperature for a thermal ratchet model. Furthermore, our expression of efficiency using known values for kinesin can adequately explain the experimental results. The framework presented here has a closed form phenomenologically, and is independent of any detailed models.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.soft",
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.stat-mech"
] | 2003-10-23T08:32:18Z |
1707.06252
|
Multi-parameter estimation in networked quantum sensors
|
We introduce a general model for a network of quantum sensors, and we use this model to consider the question: When can entanglement between the sensors, and/or global measurements, enhance the precision with which the network can measure a set of unknown parameters? We rigorously answer this question by presenting precise theorems proving that for a broad class of problems there is, at most, a very limited intrinsic advantage to using entangled states or global measurements. Moreover, for many estimation problems separable states and local measurements are optimal, and can achieve the ultimate quantum limit on the estimation uncertainty. This immediately implies that there are broad conditions under which simultaneous estimation of multiple parameters cannot outperform individual, independent estimations. Our results apply to any situation in which spatially localized sensors are unitarily encoded with independent parameters, such as when estimating multiple linear or non-linear optical phase shifts in quantum imaging, or when mapping out the spatial profile of an unknown magnetic field. We conclude by showing that entangling the sensors can enhance the estimation precision when the parameters of interest are global properties of the entire network.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2017-07-19T18:12:34Z |
1402.6466
|
Bipartite decomposition of random graphs
|
For a graph $G=(V,E)$, let $\tau(G)$ denote the minimum number of pairwise edge disjoint complete bipartite subgraphs of $G$ so that each edge of $G$ belongs to exactly one of them. It is easy to see that for every graph $G$, $\tau(G) \leq n -\alpha(G)$, where $\alpha(G)$ is the maximum size of an independent set of $G$. Erd\H{o}s conjectured in the 80s that for almost every graph $G$ equality holds, i.e., that for the random graph $G(n,0.5)$, $\tau(G)=n-\alpha(G)$ with high probability, that is, with probability that tends to $1$ as $n$ tends to infinity. Here we show that this conjecture is (slightly) false, proving that for most values of $n$ tending to infinity and for $G=G(n,0.5)$, $\tau(G) \leq n-\alpha(G)-1$ with high probability, and that for some sequences of values of $n$ tending to infinity $\tau(G) \leq n-\alpha(G)-2$ with probability bounded away from $0$. We also study the typical value of $\tau(G)$ for random graphs $G=G(n,p)$ with $p < 0.5$ and show that there is an absolute positive constant $c$ so that for all $p \leq c$ and for $G=G(n,p)$, $\tau(G)=n-\Theta(\alpha(G))$ with high probability.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2014-02-26T09:21:33Z |
1410.4251
|
M\"obius Polynomials and Splitting Algebras of Direct Products of Posets
|
In this paper, we will study the M\"obius polynomial, an invariant of ranked posets that arises in the study of splitting algebras. We will present a formula for the M\"obius polynomial of the direct product of posets in terms of the M\"obius polynomials of the factors. We will then use this formula to calculate Hilbert series and graded trace generating functions associated to the splitting algebras of the Boolean algebra and the poset of factors of a natural number n.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.RA"
] | 2014-10-15T22:44:09Z |
2306.17240
|
Cosmological gravity on all scales III: non-linear matter power spectrum in phenomenological modified gravity
|
Model-independent tests of gravity with cosmology are important when testing extensions to the standard cosmological model. To maximise the impact of these tests one requires predictions for the matter power spectrum on non-linear scales. In this work we validate the \texttt{ReACT} approach to the non-linear matter power spectrum against a suite of phenomenological modified gravity N-body simulations with a time-varying gravitational constant, covering a wider range of parameter space than previously examined. This vanilla application of \texttt{ReACT} has limited range and precision due to the different concentration-mass relation $c(M)$ that occurs when gravity is modified. We extend this approach with a fitting function for a modified concentration-mass relation, allowing for accurate (1$\%$) computation of the matter power spectrum up $k=2\,h\,{\rm Mpc}^{-1}$ across a substantial range of parameter space. This fitting function allows precision model-independent tests of modified gravity to be carried out using the data from upcoming large scale structure surveys.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.CO",
"Physics Archive->gr-qc"
] | 2023-06-29T18:09:48Z |
1701.00751
|
Peculiar double-periodic pulsation in RR Lyrae stars of the OGLE collection. II. Short-period stars with dominant radial fundamental mode
|
We report the discovery of a new group of double-periodic stars in the OGLE Galactic bulge photometry. In 38 stars identified as fundamental mode RR~Lyrae and 4 classified as the first-overtone RR~Lyrae, we detected additional shorter periodicity. Periods of the dominant variability in the newly discovered group are $0.28<P_{\rm D}<0.41$\,days. Period ratios $(0.68 - 0.72)$ are smaller than the period ratios of the Galactic bulge RRd stars. The typical amplitude ratio (of the additional to the dominant periodicity) is 20\,\% for the stars identified as fundamental mode RR~Lyrae and 50\,\% for stars classified as the first-overtone RR~Lyrae. Ten stars from our sample exhibit equidistant peaks in the frequency spectrum, that suggest the Blazhko-type modulation of the main pulsation frequency and/or the additional periodicity. The Fourier coefficients $R_{\mathrm{21}}$ and $R_{\mathrm{31}}$ are one of the lowest among fundamental mode RR Lyrae stars, but among the highest for the first-overtone pulsators. For the phase Fourier coefficients $\varphi_{\mathrm{21}}$ and $\varphi_{\mathrm{31}}$, our stars lie in between RRab and RRc stars. Discussed stars were compared with the radial, linear pulsation models. Their position in the Petersen diagram cannot be reproduced assuming that two radial modes are excited and their physical parameters are similar to that characteristic for RR~Lyrae stars. The non-radial mode scenario also faces difficulties. We conclude that the dominant variability is most likely due to pulsation in the radial fundamental mode including stars classified as the first overtone mode pulsators. At this point, we cannot explain the nature of the additional periodicity. Even more, classification of the stars as RR~Lyrae should be treated as tentative.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.SR"
] | 2017-01-03T17:27:42Z |
0904.2663
|
Nuclear Saturation with Low Momentum Interactions
|
Relativistic effects are investigated in nuclear matter calculations employing renormalized low-momentum nucleon-nucleon ($NN$) interactions. It is demonstrated that the relativistic effects cure a problem of non-relativistic low-momentum interactions, which fail to reproduce saturation of nuclear matter. Including relativistic effects, one already obtains saturation in a Hartree-Fock calculation. Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations lead to a further improvement of the saturation properties. The results are rather insensitive to the realistic $NN$ interaction on which they are based.
|
[
"Physics Archive->nucl->nucl-th"
] | 2009-04-17T09:50:24Z |
2311.02730
|
Spontaneous baryogenesis and generation of gravitational waves in a new model of quintessential $\alpha$-attractor
|
We apply a new version of quintessential $\alpha$-attractor inflaton potential (arXiv: 2305.00230 [gr-qc]) to make a detailed analysis of the phenomenon of \emph{spontaneous baryogenesis} in the post-inflationary kination period. In this context, we compute various temperatures, their respective number of e-folds, densities and the freeze-out values of baryon-to-entropy ratio ($\eta_F$) at different mass scales, as functions of $\alpha$. The numerical calculations show that the baryon-to-entropy ratio is obtained as: for $\alpha = 0.29 - 0.30$, $\eta_F = 8.7\times 10^{-11} - 8.5\times 10^{-11}$ and for $\alpha = 4.2 - 4.3$, $\eta_F = 8.5\times 10^{-11} - 8.6\times 10^{-11}$. The results are found to satisfy experimental bounds quite satisfactorily. We also find a blue-tilted spectrum of relic gravitational waves (GW) of frequencies lying in two narrow bands corresponding to the two regions of $\alpha$, indicated above, \emph{viz.,} $f_{\mathrm{end}} = 2.00\times 10^{10} - 2.10\times 10^{10}$ Hz for lower region of $\alpha$ and $f_{\mathrm{end}} = 2.12\times 10^{10} - 2.11\times 10^{10}$ Hz for higher region of $\alpha$, during transition from inflation to kination, which is supported by current literature. The present-day peak values of the amplitudes of GWs emitted during radiation domination, ($(\Omega_{\mathrm{GW},0}^{(\mathrm{RD})})_{\mathrm{peak}}$), are found to be $\sim 10^{-7}$, which is consistent with the requirement for nucleosynthesis and the associated root-mean-square values, ($\Omega_{\mathrm{GW},0}^{(\mathrm{RD})}\sim 10^{-18}$), conform to the characteristic strain of the ongoing GW-detectors. In this way, a unified picture of the roles of quintessential $\alpha$-attractor model, considered here, in inflation, quintessence, spontaneous baryogenesis and the gravitational waves production, emerges from the present study.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2023-11-05T18:30:38Z |
2209.03717
|
Generalised theta operators on unitary Shimura varieties
|
The main result of this paper is the construction of a new class of weight shifting operators, similar to the theta operators of arXiv:1902.10911, arXiv:1712.06969 and others, which are defined on the lower Ekedahl-Oort strata of the geometric special fibre of unitary Shimura varieties of signature $(n-1, 1)$ at a good prime $p$, split in the in the reflex field $E$, which we assume to be quadratic imaginary. These operators act on certain graded sheaves which are obtained from the arithmetic structure of the EO strata, in particular the $p$-rank on each stratum. We expect these operators to have applications to the study of Hecke-eigensystems of modular forms modulo $p$ and generalisations of the weight part of Serre's conjecture.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG",
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2022-09-08T11:22:03Z |
1405.2678
|
The boundary Harnack inequality for variable exponent $p$-Laplacian, Carleson estimates, barrier functions and $p(\cdot)$-harmonic measures
|
We investigate various boundary decay estimates for $p(\cdot)$-harmonic functions. For domains in $\mathbb{R}^n, n\geq 2$ satisfying the ball condition ($C^{1,1}$-domains) we show the boundary Harnack inequality for $p(\cdot)$-harmonic functions under the assumption that the variable exponent $p$ is a bounded Lipschitz function. The proof involves barrier functions and chaining arguments. Moreover, we prove a Carleson type estimate for $p(\cdot)$-harmonic functions in NTA domains in $\mathbb{R}^n$ and provide lower- and upper- growth estimates and a doubling property for a $p(\cdot)$-harmonic measure.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP"
] | 2014-05-12T08:59:47Z |
1702.01983
|
Face Aging With Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks
|
It has been recently shown that Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) can produce synthetic images of exceptional visual fidelity. In this work, we propose the GAN-based method for automatic face aging. Contrary to previous works employing GANs for altering of facial attributes, we make a particular emphasize on preserving the original person's identity in the aged version of his/her face. To this end, we introduce a novel approach for "Identity-Preserving" optimization of GAN's latent vectors. The objective evaluation of the resulting aged and rejuvenated face images by the state-of-the-art face recognition and age estimation solutions demonstrate the high potential of the proposed method.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2017-02-07T12:40:35Z |
0806.3076
|
Precursors in Swift Gamma Ray Bursts with redshift
|
We study a sample of Gamma-Ray Bursts detected by the Swift satellite with known redshift which show a precursor in the Swift-BAT light curve. We analyze the spectra of the precursors and compare them with the time integrated spectra of the prompt emission. We find neither a correlation between the two slopes nor a tendency for the precursors spectra to be systematically harder or softer than the prompt ones. The energetics of the precursors are large: on average, they are just a factor of a few less energetic (in the source rest frame energy range 15-150 keV) than the entire bursts. These properties do not depend upon the quiescent time between the end of the precursor and the start of the main event. These results suggest that what has been called a "precursor" is not a phenomenon distinct from the main event, but is tightly connected with it, even if, in some case, the quiescent time intervals can be longer than 100 seconds.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2008-06-18T20:00:05Z |
0804.3561
|
Asymptotic expansion of the integrated density of states of a two-dimensional periodic Schrodinger operator
|
We prove the complete asymptotic expansion of the integrated density of states of a two-dimensional Schrodinger operator with a smooth periodic potential
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.MP",
"Mathematics Archive->math.SP",
"Physics Archive->math-ph"
] | 2008-04-22T15:39:41Z |
1302.3309
|
Socially Stable Matchings
|
In two-sided matching markets, the agents are partitioned into two sets. Each agent wishes to be matched to an agent in the other set and has a strict preference over these potential matches. A matching is stable if there are no blocking pairs, i.e., no pair of agents that prefer each other to their assigned matches. In this paper we study a variant of stable matching motivated by the fact that, in most centralized markets, many agents do not have direct communication with each other. Hence even if some blocking pairs exist, the agents involved in those pairs may not be able to coordinate a deviation. We model communication channels with a bipartite graph between the two sets of agents which we call the social graph, and we study socially stable matchings. A matching is socially stable if there are no blocking pairs that are connected by an edge in the social graph. Socially stable matchings vary in size and so we look for a maximum socially stable matching. We prove that this problem is NP-hard and, assuming the unique games conjecture, hard to approximate within a factor of 3/2-{\epsilon}, for any constant {\epsilon}>0. We complement the hardness results with a 3/2-approximation algorithm.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.GT"
] | 2013-02-14T04:37:06Z |
2111.12851
|
A Tractable Approach to Coverage Analysis in Downlink Satellite Networks
|
Satellite networks are promising to provide ubiquitous and high-capacity global wireless connectivity. Traditionally, satellite networks are modeled by placing satellites on a grid of multiple circular orbit geometries. Such a network model, however, requires intricate system-level simulations to evaluate coverage performance, and analytical understanding of the satellite network is limited. Continuing the success of stochastic geometry in a tractable analysis for terrestrial networks, in this paper, we develop novel models that are tractable for the coverage analysis of satellite networks using stochastic geometry. By modeling the locations of satellites and users using Poisson point processes on the surfaces of concentric spheres, we characterize analytical expressions for the coverage probability of a typical downlink user as a function of relevant parameters, including path-loss exponent, satellite height, density, and Nakagami fading parameter. Then, we also derive a tight lower bound of the coverage probability in tractable expression while keeping full generality. Leveraging the derived expression, we identify the optimal density of satellites in terms of the height and the path-loss exponent. Our key finding is that the optimal average number of satellites decreases logarithmically with the satellite height to maximize the coverage performance. Simulation results verify the exactness of the derived expressions.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.IT",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.NI",
"Mathematics Archive->math.IT"
] | 2021-11-25T00:08:00Z |
2203.13987
|
On the Viability of Monocular Depth Pre-training for Semantic Segmentation
|
We explore how pre-training a model to infer depth from a single image compares to pre-training the model for a semantic task, e.g. ImageNet classification, for the purpose of downstream transfer to semantic segmentation. The question of whether pre-training on geometric tasks is viable for downstream transfer to semantic tasks is important for two reasons, one practical and the other scientific. In practice, if it were viable, one could reduce pre-training costs and bias due to human annotation at scale. If, however, it were not, then that would affirm human annotation as an inductive vehicle so powerful to justify the annotation effort. Yet the bootstrapping question would still be unanswered: How did the ability to assign labels to semantically coherent regions emerge? If pre-training on a geometric task was sufficient to prime a notion of 'object', leveraging the regularities of the environment (what Gibson called 'detached objects'), that would reduce the gap to semantic inference as a matter of aligning labels, which could be done with few examples. To test these hypotheses, we have designed multiple controlled experiments that require minimal fine-tuning, using common benchmarks such as KITTI, Cityscapes, and NYU-V2: We explore different forms of supervision for depth estimation, training pipelines, and data resolutions for semantic fine-tuning. We find that depth pre-training exceeds performance relative to ImageNet pre-training on average by 5.8% mIoU and 5.2% pixel accuracy. Surprisingly, we find that optical flow estimation, which is a closely related task to depth estimation as it optimizes the same photometric reprojection error, is considerably less effective.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2022-03-26T04:27:28Z |
2202.06839
|
Close-up and Whispering: An Understanding of Multimodal and Parasocial Interactions in YouTube ASMR videos
|
ASMR (Autonomous Sensory Meridian Response) has grown to immense popularity on YouTube and drawn HCI designers' attention to its effects and applications in design. YouTube ASMR creators incorporate visual elements, sounds, motifs of touching and tasting, and other scenarios in multisensory video interactions to deliver enjoyable and relaxing experiences to their viewers. ASMRtists engage viewers by social, physical, and task attractions. Research has identified the benefits of ASMR in mental wellbeing. However, ASMR remains an understudied phenomenon in the HCI community, constraining designers' ability to incorporate ASMR in video-based designs. This work annotates and analyzes the interaction modalities and parasocial attractions of 2663 videos to identify unique experiences. YouTube comment sections are also analyzed to compare viewers' responses to different ASMR interactions. We find that ASMR videos are experiences of multimodal social connection, relaxing physical intimacy, and sensory-rich activity observation. Design implications are discussed to foster future ASMR-augmented video interactions.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.HC"
] | 2022-02-14T16:21:52Z |
1309.7142
|
Multiplicity of normalized solutions for a class of nonlinear Schrodinger-Poisson-Slater equations
|
In this paper, we prove a multiplicity result of solutions for the following stationary Schr\"odinger-Poisson-Slater equations \begin{equation}\label{eq-abstract} -\Delta u - \lambda u + (\left | x \right |^{-1}\ast \left | u \right |^2) u - |u|^{p-2}u = 0 \ \mbox{ in } \ \mathbb{R}^{3}, \end{equation} where $\lambda\in \R$ is a parameter, and $p\in (2,6)$. The solutions we obtained have a prescribed $L^2$-norm. Our proofs are mainly inspired by a recent work of Bartsch and De Valeriola [7].
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AP"
] | 2013-09-27T08:18:29Z |
2303.14472
|
Growing integer partitions with uniform marginals and the equivalence of partition ensembles
|
We present an explicit construction of a Markovian random growth process on integer partitions such that given it visits some level $n$, it passes through any partition $\lambda$ of $n$ with equal probabilities. The construction has continuous time, but we also investigate its discrete time jump chain. The jump probabilities are given by explicit but complicated expressions, so we find their asymptotic behavior as the partition becomes large. This allows us to explain how the limit shape is formed. Using the known connection of the considered probabilistic objects to Poisson point processes, we give an alternative description of the partition growth process in these terms. Then we apply the constructed growth process to find sufficient conditions for a phenomenon known as equivalence of two ensembles of random partitions for a finite number of partition characteristics.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.PR"
] | 2023-03-25T13:57:11Z |
2108.01263
|
Twist polynomials of delta-matroids
|
Recently, Gross, Mansour and Tucker introduced the partial duality polynomial of a ribbon graph and posed a conjecture that there is no orientable ribbon graph whose partial duality polynomial has only one non-constant term. We found an infinite family of counterexamples for the conjecture and showed that essentially these are the only counterexamples. This is also obtained independently by Chumutov and Vignes-Tourneret and they posed a problem: it would be interesting to know whether the partial duality polynomial and the related conjectures would make sence for general delta-matroids. In this paper, we show that partial duality polynomials have delta-matroid analogues. We introduce the twist polynomials of delta-matroids and discuss its basic properties for delta-matroids. We give a characterization of even normal binary delta-matroids whose twist polynomials have only one term and then prove that the twist polynomial of a normal binary delta-matroid contains non-zero constant term if and only if its intersection graph is bipartite.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2021-08-03T02:56:40Z |
cond-mat/0406439
|
Electronic phase separation in the itinerant metamagnetic transition of Sr$_4$Ru$_3$O$_{10}$
|
Triple-layered ruthenate Sr$_4$Ru$_3$O$_{10}$ shows a first-order itinerant metamagnetic transition for in-plane magnetic fields. Our experiments revealed rather surprising behavior in the low-temperature transport properties near this transition. The in-plane magnetoresistivity $\rho$$_{ab}$(H) exhibits ultrasharp steps as the magnetic field sweeps down through the transition. Temperature sweeps of $\rho$$_{ab}$ for fields within the transition regime show non-metallic behavior in the up-sweep cycle of magnetic field, but show a significant drop in the down-sweep cycle. These observations indicate that the transition occurs via a new electronic phase separation process; a lowly polarized state is mixed with a ferromagnetic state within the transition regime.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.str-el"
] | 2004-06-18T17:36:31Z |
2209.10264
|
Extremal octagonal chains with respect to the Kirchhoff index
|
Let $G$ be a connected graph. The resistance distance between any two vertices of $G$ is equal to the effective resistance between them in the corresponding electrical network constructed from $G$ by replacing each edge with a unit resistor. The Kirchhoff index is defined as the sum of resistance distances between all pairs of the vertices. These indices have been computed for many interesting graphs, such as linear polyomino chain, linear/M\"{o}bius/cylinder hexagonal chain, and linear/M\"{o}bius/cylinder octagonal chain. In this paper, we characterized the maximum and minimum octagonal chains with respect to the Kirchhoff index.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CO"
] | 2022-09-21T11:14:23Z |
2104.07394
|
Dyakonov surface waves in dielectric crystals with negative anisotropy
|
We report the prediction of a new type of Dyakonov surface waves that propagate along the flat strip of the interface between two dielectrics with negative anisotropy. It is shown that the surface waves condition is satisfied for negatively anisotropic dielectrics due to specific boundaries of the strip waveguide confined between two metallic plates. Such modes are studied by the perturbation theory in the approximation of weak anisotropy. The existence of Dyakonov surface waves in negative uniaxial crystals motivates us to reconsider the list of materials suitable for their practical implementation. We believe that this work opens a new unexplored research area in the field of surface waves.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.optics"
] | 2021-04-15T11:48:39Z |
hep-th/0606004
|
Nonabelian solutions in AdS_4 and d=11 supergravity
|
We consider solutions of the four dimensional Einstein-Yang-Mills system with a negative cosmological constant $\Lambda=-3g^2$, where $g$ is the nonabelian gauge coupling constant. This theory corresponds to a consistent truncation of ${\cal N}=4$ gauged supergravity and may be uplifted to $d=11$ supergravity. A systematic study of all known solutions is presented as well as new configurations corresponding to rotating regular dyons and rotating nonabelian black holes. The thermodynamics of the static black hole solutions is also discussed. The generic EYM solutions present a nonvanishing magnetic flux at infinity and should give us information about the structure of a CFT in a background SU(2) field. We argue that the existence of these configurations violating the no hair conjecture is puzzling from the AdS/CFT point of view.
|
[
"Physics Archive->gr-qc",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2006-05-31T21:14:11Z |
1403.5096
|
Deterministic preparation of superpositions of vacuum plus one photon by adaptive homodyne detection: experimental considerations
|
The preparation stage of optical qubits is an essential task in all the experimental setups employed for the test and demonstration of Quantum Optics principles. We consider a deterministic protocol for the preparation of qubits as a superposition of vacuum and one photon number states, which has the advantage to reduce the amount of resources required via phase-sensitive measurements using a local oscillator ('dyne detection'). We investigate the performances of the protocol using different phase measurement schemes: homodyne, heterodyne, and adaptive dyne detection (involving a feedback loop). First, we define a suitable figure of merit for the prepared state and we obtain an analytical expression for that in terms of the phase measurement considered. Further, we study limitations that the phase measurement can exhibit, such as delay or limited resources in the feedback strategy. Finally, we evaluate the figure of merit of the protocol for different mode-shapes handily available in an experimental setup. We show that even in the presence of such limitations simple feedback algorithms can perform surprisingly well, outperforming the protocols when simple homodyne or heterodyne schemes are employed.
|
[
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2014-03-20T10:58:31Z |
2005.09751
|
Phase transitions and control measures for network epidemics caused by infections with presymptomatic, asymptomatic,and symptomatic stages
|
We investigate phase transitions associated with three control methods for epidemics on small world networks. Motivated by the behavior of SARS-CoV-2, we construct a theoretical SIR model of a virus that exhibits presymptomatic, asymptomatic, and symptomatic stages in two possible pathways. Using agent-based simulations on small world networks, we observe phase transitions for epidemic spread related to: 1) Global social distancing with a fixed probability of adherence. 2) Individually initiated social isolation when a threshold number of contacts are infected. 3) Viral shedding rate. The primary driver of total number of infections is the viral shedding rate, with probability of social distancing being the next critical factor. Individually initiated social isolation was effective when initiated in response to a single infected contact. For each of these control measures, the total number of infections exhibits a sharp phase transition as the strength of the measure is varied.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.SI",
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.soc-ph"
] | 2020-05-19T20:41:02Z |
2210.05117
|
DA-VSR: Domain Adaptable Volumetric Super-Resolution For Medical Images
|
Medical image super-resolution (SR) is an active research area that has many potential applications, including reducing scan time, bettering visual understanding, increasing robustness in downstream tasks, etc. However, applying deep-learning-based SR approaches for clinical applications often encounters issues of domain inconsistency, as the test data may be acquired by different machines or on different organs. In this work, we present a novel algorithm called domain adaptable volumetric super-resolution (DA-VSR) to better bridge the domain inconsistency gap. DA-VSR uses a unified feature extraction backbone and a series of network heads to improve image quality over different planes. Furthermore, DA-VSR leverages the in-plane and through-plane resolution differences on the test data to achieve a self-learned domain adaptation. As such, DA-VSR combines the advantages of a strong feature generator learned through supervised training and the ability to tune to the idiosyncrasies of the test volumes through unsupervised learning. Through experiments, we demonstrate that DA-VSR significantly improves super-resolution quality across numerous datasets of different domains, thereby taking a further step toward real clinical applications.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV",
"Electrical Engineering and Systems Science Archive->eess.IV"
] | 2022-10-11T03:16:35Z |
1310.5867
|
Depleted cores, multi-component fits, and structural parameter relations for luminous early-type galaxies
|
New surface brightness profiles from 26 early-type galaxies with partially depleted cores have been extracted from the full radial extent of HST images, giving us a total sample of 31 such core-Sersic galaxies. We have carefully quantified the radial stellar distributions of the elliptical galaxies using the core-Sersic model whereas for the lenticular galaxies a core-Sersic bulge plus an exponential disc model gives the best representation. We additionally caution about the excessive use of multiple Sersic functions for decomposing galaxies and compare with past fits in the literature. The structural parameters obtained from our fitted models are in general, in good agreement with our initial study using radially limited (R < 10") profiles, and are used here to update several galaxy scaling relations. We find near-linear relations between the break radius R_b and the spheroid luminosity L such that R_b ~ L^(1.13 +/- 0.13), and with the supermassive black hole mass M_BH such that R_b ~ M_BH^(0.83+/- 0.21). This is internally consistent with the notion that major, dry mergers add the stellar and black hole mass in equal proportion, i.e., M_BH ~ L. In addition, we observe a linear relation R_b ~ R_e^(0.98 +/- 0.15) for the core-Sersic elliptical galaxies, where R_e is the galaxies' effective half light radii, which is collectively consistent with the approximately-linear, bright-end of the curved L-R_e relation. Finally, we measure accurate stellar mass deficits M_def that are in general 0.5-4 M_BH, and we identify two galaxies (NGC 1399, NGC 5061) that, due to their high M_def/M_BH ratio, may have experienced oscillatory core-passage by a kicked black hole. The galaxy scaling relations and stellar mass deficits favor core-Sersic galaxy formation through a few `dry' major merger events involving supermassive black holes such that M_def ~ M_BH^(3.70 +/- 0.76), for M_BH > 2 X 10^8 M_sun.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.CO"
] | 2013-10-22T10:16:19Z |
astro-ph/0609230
|
ISO Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Galactic Bulge AGB Stars
|
To study the nature of Bulge AGB stars and in particular their circumstellar dust, we have analysed mid-infrared spectra obtained with the ISOCAM CVF spectrometer in three Bulge fields. The ISOCAM 5-16.5 micron CVF spectra were obtained as part of the ISOGAL infrared survey of the inner Galaxy. A classification of the shape of the 10 micron dust feature was made for each case. The spectra of the individual sources were modelled using a radiative transfer model. Different combinations of amorphous silicates and aluminium-oxide dust were used in the modelling. Spectra were obtained for 29 sources of which 26 are likely to be Bulge AGB stars. Our modelling shows that the stars suffer mass loss rates in the range of 10^{-8} - 5 x 10^{-7} Msun / yr, which is at the low end of the mass-loss rates experienced on the Thermally Pulsing AGB. The luminosities range from 1,700 to 7,700 Lsun as expected for a population of AGB stars with Minit of 1.5 - 2Msun. In agreement with the condensation sequence scenario, we find that the dust content is dominated by Al_2O_3 grains in this sample of low mass-loss rate stars.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2006-09-08T14:50:32Z |
1612.05194
|
Light charged Higgs boson scenario in 3HDMs
|
The measurement of the $B\to X_s\gamma$ process gives important constraints on physics related to charged Higgs bosons ($H^\pm$). In 2-Higgs Doublet Models (2HDMs) with a softly-broken $Z_2$ symmetry, a light $H^\pm$ scenario, in which $H^\pm$ can be produced via the top decay, is possible in two of four types of Yukawa interactions (the so-called Type-I and Type-X). In these types of 2HDMs, the $H^\pm \to \tau^\pm \nu$ decay mode is dominant in wide regions of the parameter space. In this report, we discuss the other possibility of a light charged Higgs boson scenario in 3-Higgs-Doublet Models (3HDMs) based on the results obtained in Ref. [1]. We show that charged Higgs bosons can mainly decay into $cb$ without contradiction with the $B\to X_s\gamma$ data and the direct searches for charged Higgs bosons at the LHC, and this scenario cannot be realized in the 2HDMs.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2016-12-15T19:12:23Z |
1601.08021
|
A Biologically Inspired Model of Distributed Online Communication Supporting Efficient Search and Diffusion of Innovation
|
We inhabit a world that is not only small but supports efficient decentralized search - an individual using local information can establish a line of communication with another completely unknown individual. Here we augment a hierarchical social network model with communication between and within communities. We argue that organization into communities would decrease overall decentralized search times. We take inspiration from the biological immune system which organizes search for pathogens in a hybrid modular strategy. Our strategy has relevance in search for rare amounts of information in online social networks. Our work also has implications for design of efficient online networks that could have an impact on networks of human collaboration, scientific collaboration and networks used in targeted manhunts. Real world systems, like online social networks, have high associated delays for long-distance links, since they are built on top of physical networks. Such systems have been shown to densify. Hence such networks will have a communication cost due to space and the requirement of maintaining connections. We have incorporated such a non-spatial cost to communication. We introduce the notion of a community size that increases with the size of the system, which is shown to reduce the time to search for information in networks. Our final strategy balances search times and participation costs and is shown to decrease time to find information in decentralized search in online social networks. Our strategy also balances strong-ties and weak-ties over long distances and may ultimately lead to more productive and innovative networks of human communication and enterprise. We hope that this work will lay the foundation for strategies aimed at producing global scale human interaction networks that are sustainable and lead to a more networked, diverse and prosperous society.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.SI"
] | 2016-01-29T10:06:47Z |
2304.08167
|
Classification of news spreading barriers
|
News media is one of the most effective mechanisms for spreading information internationally, and many events from different areas are internationally relevant. However, news coverage for some news events is limited to a specific geographical region because of information spreading barriers, which can be political, geographical, economic, cultural, or linguistic. In this paper, we propose an approach to barrier classification where we infer the semantics of news articles through Wikipedia concepts. To that end, we collected news articles and annotated them for different kinds of barriers using the metadata of news publishers. Then, we utilize the Wikipedia concepts along with the body text of news articles as features to infer the news-spreading barriers. We compare our approach to the classical text classification methods, deep learning, and transformer-based methods. The results show that the proposed approach using Wikipedia concepts based semantic knowledge offers better performance than the usual for classifying the news-spreading barriers.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.AI",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL"
] | 2023-04-10T20:13:54Z |
2306.16562
|
Towards Automated PKI Trust Transfer for IoT
|
IoT deployments grow in numbers and size and questions of long time support and maintainability become increasingly important. To prevent vendor lock-in, standard compliant capabilities to transfer control of IoT devices between service providers must be offered. We propose a lightweight protocol for transfer of control, and we show that the overhead for the involved IoT devices is small and the overall required manual overhead is minimal. We analyse the fulfilment of the security requirements to verify that the stipulated requirements are satisfied.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.NI"
] | 2023-06-28T21:03:29Z |
2309.02724
|
Offensive Hebrew Corpus and Detection using BERT
|
Offensive language detection has been well studied in many languages, but it is lagging behind in low-resource languages, such as Hebrew. In this paper, we present a new offensive language corpus in Hebrew. A total of 15,881 tweets were retrieved from Twitter. Each was labeled with one or more of five classes (abusive, hate, violence, pornographic, or none offensive) by Arabic-Hebrew bilingual speakers. The annotation process was challenging as each annotator is expected to be familiar with the Israeli culture, politics, and practices to understand the context of each tweet. We fine-tuned two Hebrew BERT models, HeBERT and AlephBERT, using our proposed dataset and another published dataset. We observed that our data boosts HeBERT performance by 2% when combined with D_OLaH. Fine-tuning AlephBERT on our data and testing on D_OLaH yields 69% accuracy, while fine-tuning on D_OLaH and testing on our data yields 57% accuracy, which may be an indication to the generalizability our data offers. Our dataset and fine-tuned models are available on GitHub and Huggingface.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.AI",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2023-09-06T05:18:43Z |
2103.16801
|
Joint Khmer Word Segmentation and Part-of-Speech Tagging Using Deep Learning
|
Khmer text is written from left to right with optional space. Space is not served as a word boundary but instead, it is used for readability or other functional purposes. Word segmentation is a prior step for downstream tasks such as part-of-speech (POS) tagging and thus, the robustness of POS tagging highly depends on word segmentation. The conventional Khmer POS tagging is a two-stage process that begins with word segmentation and then actual tagging of each word, afterward. In this work, a joint word segmentation and POS tagging approach using a single deep learning model is proposed so that word segmentation and POS tagging can be performed spontaneously. The proposed model was trained and tested using the publicly available Khmer POS dataset. The validation suggested that the performance of the joint model is on par with the conventional two-stage POS tagging.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL",
"Computer Science Archive->cs.LG"
] | 2021-03-31T04:26:54Z |
2310.05096
|
Origin of the broadband emission from the transition blazar B2 1308+326
|
Transition blazars exhibit a shift from one subclass to the next during different flux states. It is therefore crucial to study them to understand the underlying physics of blazars. We probe the origin of the multi-wavelength emission from the transition blazar B2 1308+326 using 14-year-long gamma-ray light curve from Fermi and the quasi-simultaneous data from Swift. We used the Bayesian block algorithm to identify epochs of flaring and quiescent flux states and modelled the broadband SEDs for these epochs. We employed the one-zone leptonic model in which the synchrotron emission causes the low-energy part of the SED and the high-energy part is produced by the IC emission of external seed photons. We also investigated its multi-band variability properties and gamma-ray flux distribution, and the correlation between optical and gamma-ray emissions. We observed a historically bright flare from B2 1308+326 across the optical to gamma-ray bands in June and July 2022. The highest daily averaged gamma-ray flux was (14.24$\pm$2.36) $\times$ 10$^{-7}$ ph cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ and was detected on 1 July 2022. The gamma-ray flux distribution was found to be log-normal. The optical and gamma-ray emissions are well correlated with zero time lag. The synchrotron peak frequency changes from $\sim 8 \times$ 10$^{12}$ Hz (in the quiescent state) to $\sim 6 \times$ 10$^{14}$ Hz (in the flaring state), together with a decrease in the Compton dominance providing a hint that the source transitions from a LSP to an ISP. The SEDs for these two states are well-fitted by one-zone leptonic models. The parameters in the model fits are essentially consistent between both SEDs, except for the Doppler-beaming factor, which changes from $\sim$15.6 to $\sim$27 during the transition. An increase in the Doppler factor might cause both the flare and the transition of B2 1308+326 from an LSP to an ISP blazar.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.HE"
] | 2023-10-08T09:54:11Z |
1808.04409
|
Thou shalt not hate: Countering Online Hate Speech
|
Hate content in social media is ever-increasing. While Facebook, Twitter, Google have attempted to take several steps to tackle the hateful content, they have mostly been unsuccessful. Counterspeech is seen as an effective way of tackling the online hate without any harm to the freedom of speech. Thus, an alternative strategy for these platforms could be to promote counterspeech as a defense against hate content. However, in order to have a successful promotion of such counterspeech, one has to have a deep understanding of its dynamics in the online world. Lack of carefully curated data largely inhibits such understanding. In this paper, we create and release the first ever dataset for counterspeech using comments from YouTube. The data contains 13,924 manually annotated comments where the labels indicate whether a comment is a counterspeech or not. This data allows us to perform a rigorous measurement study characterizing the linguistic structure of counterspeech for the first time. This analysis results in various interesting insights such as: the counterspeech comments receive much more likes as compared to the non-counterspeech comments, for certain communities majority of the non-counterspeech comments tend to be hate speech, the different types of counterspeech are not all equally effective and the language choice of users posting counterspeech is largely different from those posting non-counterspeech as revealed by a detailed psycholinguistic analysis. Finally, we build a set of machine learning models that are able to automatically detect counterspeech in YouTube videos with an F1-score of 0.71. We also build multilabel models that can detect different types of counterspeech in a comment with an F1-score of 0.60.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.SI"
] | 2018-08-13T19:12:16Z |
astro-ph/0303114
|
SCUBA Observations of Dust around Lindroos Stars: Evidence for a Substantial Submillimetre Disc Population
|
We have observed 22 Lindroos stars with SCUBA on the JCMT to search for evidence of dust discs. Stars in this sample are the less massive companions of B-type primaries and have ages of 10-170Myr. Dust was detected around three of these stars (HD74067, HD112412 and HD99803B). The emission around HD74067 is centrally peaked and is approximately symmetrically distributed out to ~70". This emission either arises from a two component disc, one circumstellar and the other circumbinary with dust masses of 0.3 and >27Mearth respectively, or an unrelated background object. The other two detections we attribute to circumsecondary discs with masses of 0.04 and 0.3Mearth; a circumprimary disc is also present around HD112413 with a similar mass to that around the companion HD112412. Cross-correlation of our sample with the IRAS catalogs only showed evidence for dust emission at 25um and 60um toward one star (HD1438); none of the sub-mm detections were evident in the far-IR data implying that these discs are cold (<40K assuming beta=1). Our sub-mm detections are some of the first of dust discs surrounding evolved stars that were not detected by IRAS or ISO and imply that 9-14% of stars could harbour previously undetected dust discs that await discovery in unbiased sub-mm surveys. If these discs are protoplanetary remnants, rather than secondary debris discs, dust lifetime arguments show that they must be devoid of small <0.1mm grains. Thus it may be possible to determine the origin of these discs from their spectral energy distributions. The low dust masses for this sample support the picture that protoplanetary dust discs are depleted to the levels of the brightest debris discs (~1Mearth) within 10Myr.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 2003-03-05T12:22:00Z |
0806.1741
|
Heavy quark potential with dynamical flavors: a first order transition
|
We study the static potential between external quark-antiquark pairs in a strongly coupled gauge theory with a large number of colors and massive dynamical flavors, using a dual string description. When the constituent mass of the dynamical quarks is set below a certain critical value, we find a first order phase transition between a linear and a Coulomb-like regime. Above the critical mass the two phases are smoothly connected. We also study the dependence on the theory parameters of the quark-antiquark separation at which the static configuration decays into specific static-dynamical mesons.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-lat",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2008-06-10T20:08:19Z |
1809.00530
|
Adaptive Semi-supervised Learning for Cross-domain Sentiment Classification
|
We consider the cross-domain sentiment classification problem, where a sentiment classifier is to be learned from a source domain and to be generalized to a target domain. Our approach explicitly minimizes the distance between the source and the target instances in an embedded feature space. With the difference between source and target minimized, we then exploit additional information from the target domain by consolidating the idea of semi-supervised learning, for which, we jointly employ two regularizations -- entropy minimization and self-ensemble bootstrapping -- to incorporate the unlabeled target data for classifier refinement. Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach can better leverage unlabeled data from the target domain and achieve substantial improvements over baseline methods in various experimental settings.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL"
] | 2018-09-03T10:15:04Z |
1610.08998
|
Giant modulation of the electronic band gap of carbon nanotubes by dielectric screening
|
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are a promising material for high-performance electronics beyond silicon. But unlike silicon, the nature of the transport band gap in CNTs is not fully understood. The transport gap in CNTs is predicted to be strongly driven by electron-electron (e-e) interactions and correlations, even at room temperature. Here, we use dielectric liquids to screen e-e interactions in individual suspended ultra-clean CNTs. Using multiple techniques, the transport gap is measured as dielectric screening is increased. Changing the dielectric environment from air to isopropanol, we observe a 25% reduction in the transport gap of semiconducting CNTs, and a 32% reduction in the band gap of narrow-gap CNTs. Additional measurements are reported in dielectric oils. Our results elucidate the nature of the transport gap in CNTs, and show that dielectric environment offers a mechanism for significant control over the transport band gap.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 2016-10-27T20:15:25Z |
math/0406098
|
Curved Hexagonal Packings of Equal Disks in a Circle
|
For each k >= 1 and corresponding hexagonal number h(k) = 3k(k+1)+1, we introduce m(k) = max[(k-1)!/ 2, 1] packings of h(k) equal disks inside a circle which we call "the curved hexagonal packings". The curved hexagonal packing of 7 disks (k = 1, m(1)=1) is well known and the one of 19 disks (k = 2, m(2)=1) has been previously conjectured to be optimal. New curved hexagonal packings of 37, 61, and 91 disks (k = 3, 4, and 5, m(3)=1, m(4)=3, and m(5)=12) were the densest we obtained on a computer using a so-called "billiards" simulation algorithm. A curved hexagonal packing pattern is invariant under a 60 degree rotation. For k tending to infinity, the density (covering fraction) of curved hexagonal packings tends to pi*pi/12. The limit is smaller than the density of the known optimum disk packing in the infinite plane. We found disk configurations that are denser than curved hexagonal packings for 127, 169, and 217 disks (k = 6, 7, and 8). In addition to new packings for h(k) disks, we present new packings we found for h(k)+1 and h(k)-1 disks for k up to 5, i.e., for 36, 38, 60, 62, 90, and 92 disks. The additional packings show the ``tightness'' of the curved hexagonal pattern for k =< 5: deleting a disk does not change the optimum packing and its quality significantly, but adding a disk causes a substantial rearrangement in the optimum packing and substantially decreases the quality.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.MG"
] | 2004-06-06T06:09:11Z |
2305.06649
|
Calabi-Bernstein type results for critical points of a weighted area functional in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ and $\mathbb{L}^{3}$
|
In this paper we prove some Calabi-Bernstein type and non-existence results concerning complete $[\varphi,\vec{e}_{3}]$-minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{R}^{3}$ whose Gauss maps lie on compacts subsets of open hemispheres of $\mathbb{S}^{2}$. We also give a general non-existence result for complete spacelike $[\varphi,\vec{e}_{3}]$-maximal surfaces in $\mathbb{L}^{3}$ and, in particular, we obtain a Calabi-Bernstein type result when $\dot{\varphi}$ is bounded.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.DG"
] | 2023-05-11T08:32:44Z |
hep-ph/9307329
|
Novel Quark Fragmentation Functions and the Nucleon's Transversity Distribution
|
We define twist-two and twist-three quark fragmentation functions in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD) and study their physical implications. Using this formalism we show how the nucleon's transversity distribution can be measured in single pion inclusive electroproduction.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 1993-07-23T21:45:35Z |
1109.5504
|
Entire minimal parabolic trajectories: the planar anisotropic Kepler problem
|
We continue the variational approach to parabolic trajectories introduced in our previous paper [5], which sees parabolic orbits as minimal phase transitions. We deepen and complete the analysis in the planar case for homogeneous singular potentials. We characterize all parabolic orbits connecting two minimal central configurations as free-time Morse minimizers (in a given homotopy class of paths). These may occur for at most one value of the homogeneity exponent. In addition, we link this threshold of existence of parabolic trajectories with the absence of collisions for all the minimizers of fixed-ends problems. Also the existence of action minimizing periodic trajectories with nontrivial homotopy type can be related with the same threshold.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.DS"
] | 2011-09-26T09:43:31Z |
2205.02242
|
The Four-Loop Rapidity Anomalous Dimension and Event Shapes to Fourth Logarithmic Order
|
We obtain the quark and gluon rapidity anomalous dimension to fourth order in QCD. We calculate the N$^3$LO rapidity anomalous dimensions to higher order in the dimensional regulator and make use of the soft/rapidity anomalous dimension correspondence in conjunction with the recent determination of the N$^4$LO threshold anomalous dimensions to achieve our result. We show that the results for the quark and gluon rapidity anomalous dimensions at four loops are related by generalized Casimir scaling. Using the N$^4$LO rapidity anomalous dimension, we perform the resummation of the Energy-Energy Correlation in the back-to-back limit at N$^4$LL, achieving for the first time the resummation of an event shape at this logarithmic order. We present numerical results and observe a reduction of perturbative uncertainties on the resummed cross section to below 1%.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph",
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 2022-05-04T18:00:02Z |
1706.02391
|
The Inverse Spectral Problem for Jacobi-Type Pencils
|
In this paper we study the inverse spectral problem for Jacobi-type pencils. By a Jacobi-type pencil we mean the following pencil $J_5 - \lambda J_3$, where $J_3$ is a Jacobi matrix and $J_5$ is a semi-infinite real symmetric five-diagonal matrix with positive numbers on the second subdiagonal. In the case of a special perturbation of orthogonal polynomials on a finite interval the corresponding spectral function takes an explicit form.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.CA"
] | 2017-06-07T21:53:07Z |
hep-th/9707097
|
Curvature Expansion for the Gluodynamics String including Perturbative Gluonic Contributions
|
Perturbation theory in the nonperturbative QCD vacuum and the non-Abelian Stokes theorem, representing a Wilson loop in the SU(2) gluodynamics as an integral over all the orientations in colour space, are applied to a derivation of the correction to the string effective action in the lowest order in the coupling constant $g$. This correction is due to the interaction of perturbative gluons with the string world sheet and affects only the coupling constant of the rigidity term, while its contribution to the string tension of the Nambu-Goto term vanishes. The obtained correction to the rigidity coupling constant multiplicatively depends on the colour "spin" of the representation of the Wilson loop under consideration and a certain path integral, which includes the background Wilson loop average.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th"
] | 1997-07-10T12:34:41Z |
1711.01515
|
Learning Word Embeddings from Speech
|
In this paper, we propose a novel deep neural network architecture, Sequence-to-Sequence Audio2Vec, for unsupervised learning of fixed-length vector representations of audio segments excised from a speech corpus, where the vectors contain semantic information pertaining to the segments, and are close to other vectors in the embedding space if their corresponding segments are semantically similar. The design of the proposed model is based on the RNN Encoder-Decoder framework, and borrows the methodology of continuous skip-grams for training. The learned vector representations are evaluated on 13 widely used word similarity benchmarks, and achieved competitive results to that of GloVe. The biggest advantage of the proposed model is its capability of extracting semantic information of audio segments taken directly from raw speech, without relying on any other modalities such as text or images, which are challenging and expensive to collect and annotate.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CL"
] | 2017-11-05T01:36:58Z |
astro-ph/9812069
|
Radio and Far-IR Extragalactic Sources at Planck Frequencies
|
We discuss the main uncertainties affecting estimates of small scale fluctuations due to extragalactic sources in the Planck Surveyor frequency bands. Conservative estimates allow us to confidently conclude that, in the frequency range 100--200 GHz, the contaminating effect of extragalactic sources is well below the expected anisotropy level of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), down to angular scales of at least $\simeq 10'$. Hence, an accurate subtraction of foreground fluctuations is not critical for the determination of the CMB power spectrum up to multipoles $\ell \simeq 1000$. In any case, Planck's wide frequency coverage will allow to carefully control foreground contributions. On the other hand, the all sky surveys at 9 frequencies, spanning the range 30--900 GHz, will be unique in providing complete samples comprising from several hundreds to many thousands of extragalactic sources, selected in an essentially unexplored frequency interval. New classes of sources may be revealed in these data.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph"
] | 1998-12-03T11:17:21Z |
2105.06828
|
Spalling-induced liftoff and transfer of electronic films using a van der Waals release layer
|
Heterogeneous integration strategies are increasingly being employed to achieve more compact and capable electronics systems for multiple applications including space, electric vehicles, and wearable and medical devices. To enable new integration strategies, the growth and transfer of thin electronic films and devices, including III-nitrides, metal oxides, and two-dimensional (2D) materials, using 2D boron nitride (BN)-on-sapphire templates is demonstrated. The van der Waals BN layer, in this case, acts as a preferred mechanical release layer for precise separation at the substrate-film interface and leaves a smooth surface suitable for van der Waals bonding. A tensilely-stressed Ni layer sputtered on top of the film induces controlled spalling fracture which propagates at the BN/sapphire interface. By incorporating controlled spalling, the process yield and sensitivity is greatly improved, owed to the greater fracture energy provided by the stressed metal layer relative to a soft tape or rubber stamp. With stress playing a critical role in this process, the influence of residual stress on detrimental cracking and bowing is investigated. Additionally, a selected area lift-off technique is developed which allows for isolation and transfer of individual devices while maximizing wafer area use and minimizing extra alignment steps in the integration process.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.app-ph"
] | 2021-05-14T13:45:15Z |
1707.09501
|
On the truncated two-dimensional moment problem
|
We study the truncated two-dimensional moment problem (with rectangular data): to find a non-negative measure $\mu(\delta)$, $\delta\in\mathfrak{B}(\mathbb{R}^2)$, such that $\int_{\mathbb{R}^2} x_1^m x_2^n d\mu = s_{m,n}$, $0\leq m\leq M,\quad 0\leq n\leq N$, where $\{ s_{m,n} \}_{0\leq m\leq M,\ 0\leq n\leq N}$ is a prescribed sequence of real numbers; $M,N\in\mathbb{Z}_+$. For the cases $M=N=1$ and $M=1, N=2$ explicit numerical necessary and sufficient conditions for the solvability of the moment problem are given. In the cases $M=N=2$; $M=2, N=3$; $M=3, N=2$; $M=3, N=3$ some explicit numerical sufficient conditions for the solvability are obtained. In all the cases some solutions (not necessarily atomic) of the moment problem can be constructed.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.FA"
] | 2017-07-29T11:44:32Z |
2305.09835
|
Invariant measures of Toeplitz subshifts on non-amenable groups
|
Let $G$ be a countable residually finite group (for instance $\mathbb{F}_2$) and let $\overleftarrow{G}$ be a totally disconnected metric compactification of $G$ equipped with the action of $G$ by left multiplication. For every $r\geq 1$ we construct a Toeplitz $G$-subshift $(X,\sigma,G)$, which is an almost one-to-one extension of $\overleftarrow{G}$, having $r$ ergodic measures $\nu_1, \cdots,\nu_r$ such that for every $1\leq i\leq r$ the measure-theoretic dynamical system $(X,\sigma,G,\nu_i)$ is isomorphic to $\overleftarrow{G}$ endowed with the Haar measure. The construction we propose is general (for amenable and non-amenable residually finite groups), however, we point out the differences and obstructions that could appear when the acting group is not amenable.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.DS"
] | 2023-05-16T22:34:55Z |
2001.09722
|
The lowest of the low: discovery of SN 2019gsc and the nature of faint Iax supernovae
|
We present the discovery and optical follow-up of the faintest supernova-like transient known. The event (SN 2019gsc) was discovered in a star-forming host at 53\,Mpc by ATLAS. A detailed multi-colour light curve was gathered with Pan-STARRS1 and follow-up spectroscopy was obtained with the NOT and Gemini-North. The spectra near maximum light show narrow features at low velocities of 3000 to 4000 km s$^{-1}$, similar to the extremely low luminosity SNe 2010ae and 2008ha, and the light curve displays a similar fast decline (\dmr $0.91 \pm 0.10$ mag). SNe 2010ae and 2008ha have been classified as type Iax supernovae, and together the three either make up a distinct physical class of their own or are at the extreme low luminosity end of this diverse supernova population. The bolometric light curve is consistent with a low kinetic energy of explosion ($E_{\rm k} \sim 10^{49}$ erg s$^{-1}$), a modest ejected mass ($M_{\rm ej} \sim 0.2$ \msol) and radioactive powering by $^{56}$Ni ($M_{\rm Ni} \sim 2 \times 10^{-3}$ \msol). The spectra are quite well reproduced with radiative transfer models (TARDIS) and a composition dominated by carbon, oxygen, magnesium, silicon and sulphur. Remarkably, all three of these extreme Iax events are in similar low-metallicity star-forming environments. The combination of the observational constraints for all three may be best explained by deflagrations of near $M_{\rm Ch}$ hybrid carbon-oxygen-neon white dwarfs which have short evolutionary pathways to formation.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.HE"
] | 2020-01-27T12:48:39Z |
1311.6644
|
Far-infrared molecular lines from Low- to High-Mass Star Forming Regions observed with Herschel
|
(Abridged) We study the response of the gas to energetic processes associated with high-mass star formation and compare it with studies on low- and intermediate-mass young stellar objects (YSOs) using the same methods. The far-IR line emission and absorption of CO, H$_2$O, OH, and [OI] reveals the excitation and the relative contribution of different species to the gas cooling budget. Herschel-PACS spectra covering 55-190 um are analyzed for ten high-mass star forming regions of various luminosities and evolutionary stages at spatial scales of ~10^4 AU. Radiative transfer models are used to determine the contribution of the envelope to the far-IR CO emission. The close environments of high-mass YSOs show strong far-IR emission from molecules, atoms, and ions. Water is detected in all 10 objects even up to high excitation lines. CO lines from J=14-13 up to typically 29-28 show a single temperature component, Trot~300 K. Typical H$_2$O temperatures are Trot~250 K, while OH has Trot~80 K. Far-IR line cooling is dominated by CO (~75 %) and to a smaller extent by OI (~20 %), which increases for the most evolved sources. H$_2$O is less important as a coolant for high-mass sources because many lines are in absorption. Emission from the envelope is responsible for ~45-85 % of the total CO luminosity in high-mass sources compared with only ~10 % for low-mass YSOs. The highest-J lines originate most likely from shocks, based on the strong correlation of CO and H$_2$O with physical parameters of the sources from low- to high-masses. Excitation of warm CO is very similar for all mass regimes, whereas H$_2$O temperatures are ~100 K higher for high-mass sources than the low-mass YSOs. Molecular cooling is ~4 times more important than cooling by [OI]. The total far-IR line luminosity is about 10$^{-3}$ and 10$^{-5}$ times lower than the dust luminosity for the low- and high-mass YSOs.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.SR"
] | 2013-11-26T12:43:50Z |
cond-mat/9804313
|
Magnetoconductance noise and irreversibilities in submicron wires of spin-glass n-CdMnTe
|
Signatures of spin-glass freezing such as the appearance of 1/f conductance noise, the recovery of universal conductance fluctuations, aging, as well as magnetic and thermal irreversibilities are detected in mesoscopic wires of CdMnTe:I at millikelvin temperatures. Spectral characteristics of conductance time series are consistent with the droplet model of short-range spin-glasses.
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.mes-hall"
] | 1998-04-29T13:04:12Z |
1601.02199
|
A Search for Hidden Photon CDM in a Multi-Cathode Counter (MCC) data
|
A search for hidden photon cold dark matter in a mass range from 5 to 500 eV in data collected during 60 days in November and December, 2015 by a Multi-Cathode Counter (MCC) is reported. From the analyses of this data we found no evidence for the existence of HP CDM and set an upper limit on the photon-HP mixing parameter $\chi$. This is the first result obtained by direct measurements in this mass range for hidden photon CDM using a single electron event in MCC as a signature.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ex",
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.ins-det"
] | 2016-01-10T11:04:41Z |
1412.8496
|
Accurate Localization in Dense Urban Area Using Google Street View Image
|
Accurate information about the location and orientation of a camera in mobile devices is central to the utilization of location-based services (LBS). Most of such mobile devices rely on GPS data but this data is subject to inaccuracy due to imperfections in the quality of the signal provided by satellites. This shortcoming has spurred the research into improving the accuracy of localization. Since mobile devices have camera, a major thrust of this research has been seeks to acquire the local scene and apply image retrieval techniques by querying a GPS-tagged image database to find the best match for the acquired scene.. The techniques are however computationally demanding and unsuitable for real-time applications such as assistive technology for navigation by the blind and visually impaired which motivated out work. To overcome the high complexity of those techniques, we investigated the use of inertial sensors as an aid in image-retrieval-based approach. Armed with information of media other than images, such as data from the GPS module along with orientation sensors such as accelerometer and gyro, we sought to limit the size of the image set to c search for the best match. Specifically, data from the orientation sensors along with Dilution of precision (DOP) from GPS are used to find the angle of view and estimation of position. We present analysis of the reduction in the image set size for the search as well as simulations to demonstrate the effectiveness in a fast implementation with 98% Estimated Position Error.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2014-12-29T22:09:41Z |
1801.09069
|
Radiative decays of light-quark mesons to a pion revisited in the covariant oscillator quark model
|
The present talk consists of two parts. The first one is allocated for consideration of the dimension of bilocal meson fields for quark-antiquark meson systems, which have been so far treated as the bosonic fields independent of constituent quark flavors, in the covariant oscillator quark model. Revisiting the electromagnetic currents of quark-antiquark meson systems, we show that the bilocal meson fields should be bosonic for light-quark meson systems, while fermionic for heavy-light and heavy-heavy meson systems. In the second part we apply the effective electromagnetic interactions of meson systems derived in the first part to radiative decay processes for the excited states of light-quark mesons. The calculated results for the $\pi \gamma$ decay widths of the $a_1(1260)$, $a_2(1320)$, $b_1(1235)$ and $\pi_2(1670)$ mesons are in fair agreement with experiment, except for the $b_1(1235)$ meson. As for the $\rho(770)^0 \gamma$ decay width of the $f_1(1285)$ the present model strongly supports the experimental results in 1995 and 2016, respectively, of VES and CLAS Collaborations, not the average value by the Particle Data Group.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-ph"
] | 2018-01-27T10:49:43Z |
2007.04668
|
On a conjecture of Seneta
|
In this short note we prove that $h_\beta(x) = \beta \int_0^x y^{\beta-1} \overline F(y) \mathrm{d} y$ is regularly varying with index $\rho \in [0,\beta)$ if and only if $V_\beta (x) = \int_{[0,x]} y^\beta \mathrm{d} F(y)$ is regularly varying with the same index. This implies an extended version of a recent conjecture by Seneta.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.PR"
] | 2020-07-09T09:53:20Z |
1802.05891
|
Training Deep Face Recognition Systems with Synthetic Data
|
Recent advances in deep learning have significantly increased the performance of face recognition systems. The performance and reliability of these models depend heavily on the amount and quality of the training data. However, the collection of annotated large datasets does not scale well and the control over the quality of the data decreases with the size of the dataset. In this work, we explore how synthetically generated data can be used to decrease the number of real-world images needed for training deep face recognition systems. In particular, we make use of a 3D morphable face model for the generation of images with arbitrary amounts of facial identities and with full control over image variations, such as pose, illumination, and background. In our experiments with an off-the-shelf face recognition software we observe the following phenomena: 1) The amount of real training data needed to train competitive deep face recognition systems can be reduced significantly. 2) Combining large-scale real-world data with synthetic data leads to an increased performance. 3) Models trained only on synthetic data with strong variations in pose, illumination, and background perform very well across different datasets even without dataset adaptation. 4) The real-to-virtual performance gap can be closed when using synthetic data for pre-training, followed by fine-tuning with real-world images. 5) There are no observable negative effects of pre-training with synthetic data. Thus, any face recognition system in our experiments benefits from using synthetic face images. The synthetic data generator, as well as all experiments, are publicly available.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.CV"
] | 2018-02-16T11:05:18Z |
1602.06571
|
Mean Field Equilibria for Competitive Exploration in Resource Sharing Settings
|
We consider a model of nomadic agents exploring and competing for time-varying location-specific resources, arising in crowdsourced transportation services, online communities, and in traditional location based economic activity. This model comprises a group of agents, and a set of locations each endowed with a dynamic stochastic resource process. Each agent derives a periodic reward determined by the overall resource level at her location, and the number of other agents there. Each agent is strategic and free to move between locations, and at each time decides whether to stay at the same node or switch to another one. We study the equilibrium behavior of the agents as a function of dynamics of the stochastic resource process and the nature of the externality each agent imposes on others at the same location. In the asymptotic limit with the number of agents and locations increasing proportionally, we show that an equilibrium exists and has a threshold structure, where each agent decides to switch to a different location based only on their current location's resource level and the number of other agents at that location. This result provides insight into how system structure affects the agents' collective ability to explore their domain to find and effectively utilize resource-rich areas. It also allows assessing the impact of changing the reward structure through penalties or subsidies.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.GT"
] | 2016-02-21T20:05:15Z |
2001.03123
|
Graded Coherence of Certain Extensions of Graded Algebras
|
Let $\k$ be a field, and let $A$ and $B$ be connected $\N$-graded $\k$-algebras. The algebra $A$ is said to be a graded right-free extension of $B$ provided there is a surjective graded algebra morphism $\pi: A \to B$ such that $\ker\pi$ is free as a right $A$-module. Suppose that $B$ is graded left coherent, and that $A$ is a graded right-free extension of $B$. We characterize when $A$ is also graded left coherent. We apply our criterion to prove graded coherence of certain non-Noetherian graded twisted tensor products.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.RA"
] | 2020-01-09T17:34:39Z |
cond-mat/0402676
|
Comments on "On the application of the Gallavotti--Cohen fluctuation relation to thermostatted steady states near equilibrium"
|
The various versions of cond-mat/0312353 discuss results obtained by me&coworkers in the last decade. I have received requests to comment on the paper and the comments are collected here, including some that I tried to point in the course of discussions that can be found in the web page http://ipparco.roma1.infn.it
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.stat-mech"
] | 2004-02-27T10:52:50Z |
2306.12771
|
Faster Compression of Deterministic Finite Automata
|
Deterministic finite automata (DFA) are a classic tool for high throughput matching of regular expressions, both in theory and practice. Due to their high space consumption, extensive research has been devoted to compressed representations of DFAs that still support efficient pattern matching queries. Kumar~et~al.~[SIGCOMM 2006] introduced the \emph{delayed deterministic finite automaton} (\ddfa{}) which exploits the large redundancy between inter-state transitions in the automaton. They showed it to obtain up to two orders of magnitude compression of real-world DFAs, and their work formed the basis of numerous subsequent results. Their algorithm, as well as later algorithms based on their idea, have an inherent quadratic-time bottleneck, as they consider every pair of states to compute the optimal compression. In this work we present a simple, general framework based on locality-sensitive hashing for speeding up these algorithms to achieve sub-quadratic construction times for \ddfa{}s. We apply the framework to speed up several algorithms to near-linear time, and experimentally evaluate their performance on real-world regular expression sets extracted from modern intrusion detection systems. We find an order of magnitude improvement in compression times, with either little or no loss of compression, or even significantly better compression in some cases.
|
[
"Computer Science Archive->cs.DS"
] | 2023-06-22T09:51:40Z |
1510.01101
|
Stationary shapes of deformable particles moving at low Reynolds numbers
|
Lecture Notes of the Summer School ``Microswimmers -- From Single Particle Motion to Collective Behaviour'', organised by the DFG Priority Programme SPP 1726 (Forschungszentrum J{\"{u}}lich, 2015).
|
[
"Physics Archive->cond-mat->cond-mat.soft"
] | 2015-10-05T11:10:20Z |
1511.06618
|
A few questions about curves on surfaces
|
In this note we address the following kind of question: let X be a smooth, irreducible, projective surface and D a divisor on X$satisfying some sort of positivity hypothesis, then is there some multiple of D depending only on X which is effective or movable? We describe some examples, discuss some conjectures and prove some results that suggest that the answer should in general be negative, unless one puts some really strong hypotheses either on D or on X.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.AG"
] | 2015-11-20T14:43:32Z |
2003.03368
|
Rapid Filamentary Accretion as the Origin of Extended Thin Discs
|
Galactic outflows driven by stellar feedback are crucial for explaining the inefficiency of star formation in galaxies. Although strong feedback can promote the formation of galactic discs by limiting star formation at early times and removing low angular momentum gas, it is not understood how the same feedback can result in diverse objects such as elliptical galaxies or razor thin spiral galaxies. We investigate this problem using cosmological zoom-in simulations of two galaxies forming within $10^{12}~\mathrm{M_\odot}$ halos with almost identical mass accretion histories and halo spin parameters. However, the two resulting galaxies end up with very different bulge-to-disc ratios at $z = 0$. At $z>1.5$, the two galaxies feature a surface density of star formation $\Sigma_{\rm SFR}\simeq 10~\mathrm{M_\odot}~{\rm yr}^{-1}~{\rm kpc}^{-2}$, leading to strong outflows. After the last starburst episode, both galaxies feature a dramatic gaseous disc growth from 1~kpc to 5~kpc during 1~Gyr, a decisive event we dub "the Grand Twirl". After this event, the evolutionary tracks diverge strongly, with one galaxy ending up as a bulge-dominated galaxy, whereas the other ends up as a disc-dominated galaxy. The origins of this dichotomy are the angular momentum of the accreted gas, and whether it adds constructively to the initial disc angular momentum. The build-up of this extended disc leads to a rapid lowering of $\Sigma_{\rm SFR}$ by over two orders of magnitude with $\Sigma_{\rm SFR} \lesssim 0.1~\mathrm{M_\odot}~{\rm yr}^{-1}~{\rm kpc}^{-2}$, in remarkable agreement with what is derived from Milky Way stellar populations. As a consequence, supernovae explosions are spread out and cannot launch galactic outflows anymore, allowing for the persistence of a thin, gently star forming, extended disc.
|
[
"Physics Archive->astro-ph->astro-ph.GA"
] | 2020-03-06T18:59:58Z |
1409.4840
|
Vacuum fluctuations in the presence of nonlinear boundary conditions
|
We consider a system consisting of a quantum, massless, real scalar field, in the presence of nonlinear mirrors: infinite parallel planes, upon which the field satisfies nonlinear boundary conditions. The latter are implemented by non-quadratic interaction vertices, strictly localized on the mirrors. By using the appropriate perturbative expansions, we obtain approximate expressions for the Casimir energy corresponding to weak coupling, regarding the strength of the interaction terms. We also comment on an alternative expansion scheme that may be useful when the weak coupling expansion is not justified.
|
[
"Physics Archive->hep->hep-th",
"Physics Archive->quant-ph"
] | 2014-09-17T00:33:51Z |
physics/0504141
|
Methodical Instructions For Solutions of Problems in Nuclear Physics
|
This is a set of methodical instructions for solutions of problems in Nuclear Physics. It is written on the basis of seminars to the course of lectures on``Nuclear Physics'' delivered at the Physical and Mechanical Faculty of the St. Petersburg State Polytechnic University for the students of the 4th Course in ``Technical Physics'' and ``Medical Physics''. The main aim of these methodical instructions is to develop the experience of students in scientific approaches to solutions of practical problems in Nuclear Physics.
|
[
"Physics Archive->physics->physics.ed-ph"
] | 2005-04-20T19:42:51Z |
1902.01014
|
Lagrangian formalism and Lie group approach for commutative semigroup of differential equations
|
A set of linear second-order differential equations is converted into a semigroup, whose algebraic structure is used to generate many novel equations. Two independent methods that can be used to derive the equations of the semigroup are considered, namely, the Lagrangian formalism and the Lie group approach. The advantages and disadvantages of each method are discussed, and it is shown that the Lagrangian formalism can be established for all equations of the semigroup, however, the Lie group approach is only limited to a certain sub-semigroup . The obtained results are discussed in the context of their applications in mathematical physics.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.MP",
"Physics Archive->math-ph"
] | 2019-02-04T02:42:21Z |
1703.05434
|
On $p$-adic multiple Barnes-Euler zeta functions and the corresponding log gamma functions
|
Suppose that $\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_N$ are positive real numbers and $x$ is a complex number with positive real part. The multiple Barnes-Euler zeta function $\zeta_{E,N}(s,x;\bar\omega)$ with parameter vector $\bar\omega=(\omega_1,\ldots,\omega_N)$ is defined as a deformation of the Barnes multiple zeta function as follows $$ \zeta_{E,N}(s,x;\bar\omega)=\sum_{t_1=0}^\infty\cdots\sum_{t_N=0}^\infty \frac{(-1)^{t_1+\cdots+t_N}}{(x+\omega_1t_1+\cdots+\omega_Nt_N)^s}. $$ In this paper, based on the fermionic $p$-adic integral, we define the $p$-adic analogue of multiple Barnes-Euler zeta function $\zeta_{E,N}(s,x;\bar\omega)$ which we denote by $\zeta_{p,E,N}(s,x;\bar\omega).$ We prove several properties of $\zeta_{p,E,N}(s,x; \bar\omega)$, including the convergent Laurent series expansion, the distribution formula, the difference equation, the reflection functional equation and the derivative formula. By computing the values of this kind of $p$-adic zeta function at nonpositive integers, we show that it interpolates the higher order Euler polynomials $E_{N,n}(x;\bar\omega)$ $p$-adically. Furthermore, we define the corresponding multiple $p$-adic Diamond-Euler Log Gamma function. We also show that the multiple $p$-adic Diamond-Euler Log Gamma function ${\rm Log}\, \Gamma_{\! D,E,N}(x;\bar\omega)$ has an integral representation by the multiple fermionic $p$-adic integral, and it satisfies the distribution formula, the difference equation, the reflection functional equation, the derivative formula and also the Stirling's series expansions.
|
[
"Mathematics Archive->math.NT"
] | 2017-03-16T00:19:48Z |
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