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summarization	[ { "content": "This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. It includes both fully recognised states, states with limited or zero recognition, and dependent territories of both African and non-African states. It lists 56 sovereign states (54 of which are member states of the United Nations), two non-sovereign (dependent) territories of non-African sovereign states, and ten sub-national regions of non-African sovereign states. Malta and parts of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain are located on the African continental plate, some considerably closer to the African mainland than the European mainland but, politically, are generally considered to be European by convention. Egypt, although extending into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, is considered an African state. What is the total number of geographical entities (states, territories, regions) in Africa?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There are 56 sovereign states, 2 non-sovereign states, and 10 regions in Africa. This totals 56 + 2 + 10 = 68 territories.", "role": "assistant" } ]	This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa. It includes both fully recognised states, states with limited or zero recognition, and dependent territories of both African and non-African states. It lists 56 sovereign states (54 of which are member states of the United Nations), two non-sovereign (dependent) territories of non-African sovereign states, and ten sub-national regions of non-African sovereign states. Malta and parts of France, Italy, Portugal, and Spain are located on the African continental plate, some considerably closer to the African mainland than the European mainland but, politically, are generally considered to be European by convention. Egypt, although extending into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, is considered an African state. What is the total number of geographical entities (states, territories, regions) in Africa?
general_qa	[ { "content": "How does one get accepted into a United States federal academy like West Point.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "In order to get excepted into a United States Federal Academy, one has to receive a nomination either from a congressman, senator, or president. The process is long and requires patience, but can be rewarding.", "role": "assistant" } ]	How does one get accepted into a United States federal academy like West Point.
classification	[ { "content": "Classify the following animals as either plant-only eaters or meat eaters: kangaroo, camel, bear, bison, cat, hippo, wolf, raccoon, alligator, hawk, rabbit, koala, horse, zebra, giraffe, goat, shark, dog, chicken, snake.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Animals that eat only plants are called Herbivores. Those include: bison, camel, giraffe, goat, hippo, horse, kangaroo, koala, rabbit, zebra.\nAnimals that eat only meat are called carnivores. Animals that eat a combination of meat and plants are called omnivores. Carnivores and omnivores include: alligator, bear, cat, chicken, dog, hawk, raccoon, shark, snake, wolf.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Classify the following animals as either plant-only eaters or meat eaters: kangaroo, camel, bear, bison, cat, hippo, wolf, raccoon, alligator, hawk, rabbit, koala, horse, zebra, giraffe, goat, shark, dog, chicken, snake.
general_qa	[ { "content": "Why is it important to brush and floss your teeth everyday?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "It is important to use a toothbrush to remove food build-up and plaque that can accumulate on tooth surfaces. Flossing is important to remove build-up in between teeth in the areas a toothbrush cannot reach. If plaque is not removed within 24 hours, it can harden into calculus which can only be removed with a professional cleaning. If plaque and calculus remain on teeth it can increase the risk of gum disease and cavities. Maintaining a healthy mouth is important for oral health as well as systemic health, e.g. Cardiovascular Health. Dentists recommend to brush your teeth twice a day for 2 minutes each time and flossing at least once a day. When brushing it is best to wait 30 minutes after drinking acidic beverages, such as coffee or citrus juice. Dentists recommend using a soft bristle toothbrush with gentle pressure and using toothpaste with fluoride which can help reduce the risk of cavities by strengthening the enamel.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Why is it important to brush and floss your teeth everyday?
brainstorming	[ { "content": "Give me a list of ten vegetables that are green.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. Asparagus\n2. Brussel sprout\n3. Green bean\n4. Broccoli\n5. Kale\n6. Peas\n7. Cabbage\n8. Celery\n9. Artichoke\n10. Arugula", "role": "assistant" } ]	Give me a list of ten vegetables that are green.
brainstorming	[ { "content": "Name three movies that have an optimistic post-apocalyptic feel.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Love and Monsters (2020)\nFree Guy (2021)\nDungeons & Dragons: Honor Among Thieves (2023)", "role": "assistant" } ]	Name three movies that have an optimistic post-apocalyptic feel.
brainstorming	[ { "content": "What are the best tips for professional Safari photography ?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "-Patience is key, while most animals have predictable migratory patterns, a number of factors can occur to disrupt that. If you are in a vehicle, try driving around and finding other spots. \n-Carry at least 2 cameras, one with a wide angle lens and one with telephoto lens. As you won’t have time to swap out lenses as different animals move around you. \n-Gear can be very heavy, so don’t bring too large a telephoto lens, as shooting from a vehicle can be challenging. \n-Be conscious of your surroundings, don’t be too distracted as you are still in an active environment and animals can react to you.", "role": "assistant" } ]	What are the best tips for professional Safari photography ?
open_qa	[ { "content": "List five titles by Veronica Roth.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Divergent, Allegiant, Insurgent, Carve the Mark, Chosen Ones", "role": "assistant" } ]	List five titles by Veronica Roth.
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Andhra Pradesh (English: /ˌɑːndrə prəˈdɛʃ/, Telugu: [ãːndʱrɐ prɐdeːʃ] (listen) abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,975 km2 (62,925 sq mi) and tenth-most-populous state, with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the north-west, Chhattisgarh to the north, Odisha to the north-east, Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east. It has the second longest coastline in India after Gujarat, of about 974 km (605 mi). Andhra State was the first state to be formed on a linguistic basis in India on 1 October 1953. On 1 November 1956, Andhra State was merged with the Telugu-speaking areas (ten districts) of the Hyderabad State to form United Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, these merged areas of Hyderabad State were bifurcated from United Andhra Pradesh to form the new state Telangana. The present form of Andhra is similar to Andhra state, but some mandalas like Bhadrachalam are still included in Telangana. Amaravati serves as the capital of the state with the largest city being Visakhapatnam.\n\nAndhra Pradesh was once a major Buddhist pilgrimage site in the country and a Buddhist learning center which can be seen in many sites in the state in the form of monastery ruins, chaityas, and stupas. It is also known for being the land of Koh-i-Noor and other globally known diamonds from Kollur Mine. It is also a major producer of rice known as the \"Rice bowl of India\". Its official language is Telugu; one of the classical languages of India, the fourth most spoken language in India, and the 13th-most spoken language in the world. Andhra Pradesh's second official language is Urdu. From the passage provided, extract the population of Andhra Pradesh", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The population of Andhra Pradesh is 49,386,799", "role": "assistant" } ]	Andhra Pradesh (English: /ˌɑːndrə prəˈdɛʃ/, Telugu: [ãːndʱrɐ prɐdeːʃ] (listen) abbr. AP) is a state in the south-eastern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,975 km2 (62,925 sq mi) and tenth-most-populous state, with 49,386,799 inhabitants. It is bordered by Telangana to the north-west, Chhattisgarh to the north, Odisha to the north-east, Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the west and the Bay of Bengal to the east. It has the second longest coastline in India after Gujarat, of about 974 km (605 mi). Andhra State was the first state to be formed on a linguistic basis in India on 1 October 1953. On 1 November 1956, Andhra State was merged with the Telugu-speaking areas (ten districts) of the Hyderabad State to form United Andhra Pradesh. In 2014, these merged areas of Hyderabad State were bifurcated from United Andhra Pradesh to form the new state Telangana. The present form of Andhra is similar to Andhra state, but some mandalas like Bhadrachalam are still included in Telangana. Amaravati serves as the capital of the state with the largest city being Visakhapatnam. Andhra Pradesh was once a major Buddhist pilgrimage site in the country and a Buddhist learning center which can be seen in many sites in the state in the form of monastery ruins, chaityas, and stupas. It is also known for being the land of Koh-i-Noor and other globally known diamonds from Kollur Mine. It is also a major producer of rice known as the "Rice bowl of India". Its official language is Telugu; one of the classical languages of India, the fourth most spoken language in India, and the 13th-most spoken language in the world. Andhra Pradesh's second official language is Urdu. From the passage provided, extract the population of Andhra Pradesh
general_qa	[ { "content": "Can you summarize the book Annihilation?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Annihilation is a science fiction book taking place in the southern US inside a mysterious Area X. A team is assembled to explore the domain of Area X, led by a character only known as the psychologist. The main character is known as the biologist. These expeditions are managed by a mysterious government organization known as the Southern Reach.\n\nThe expedition centers on two notable landmarks within Area X, the topological anomaly, which the biologists calls a tower but is really a tunnel, and a lighthouse. The expedition encounters an entity within the topological anomaly that \"writes\" living words of non-sense on the wall of the anomaly in fungus. \n\nEarly in the expedition, the biologist is contaminated by the fungus of the words in the anomaly, which grants her immunity to hypnotic suggestion, which the psychologist uses to control the other members of the expedition. The plot follows the biologist pursuing the psychologist in search of answers, leading a confrontation at the lighthouse. The psychologist jumps from the lighthouse, presumably forced to by the entity behind Area X, but lives long enough to confront the biologist. During the climax of that encounter, the psychologist shouts \"Annihilation!\" multiple times, and it is revealed that this is a hypnotic trigger word designed to induce suicide in the other expedition members.\n\nAfter the psychologist succumbs to her injuries at the base of the lighthouse, the biologist embarks on a journey north to an island that is possibly related to the disappearance of her husband, who was a member of the previous expedition.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Can you summarize the book Annihilation?
open_qa	[ { "content": "Whale skin is how many cm deep?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "15 cm", "role": "assistant" } ]	Whale skin is how many cm deep?
general_qa	[ { "content": "Why and how are people choosing to electrify their homes?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "An increasingly popular trend is to replace dirty appliances (in other words, those that consume gas or other carbon-based fuel sources) with clean energy appliances (typically those powered by electricity that is in turn generated by solar or wind power). The main motivation for doing so is to reduce a household's carbon footprint and help address global warming. Government incentives, economies of scale and technological innovation have also made it possible for consumers to save money by changing to electric appliances. The most common household appliances that have traditionally been powered by gas are the furnace, water heater, stove, air conditioning unit, and dryer. Replacements for these appliances include heat pumps that can replace both the furnace and air conditioner, electric water heaters and dryers, and induction stoves. To power these electric appliances in environmentally friendly ways, consumers are either generating the electricity on their property by installing rooftop solar panels or they are selecting green energy sources when they pick their plan from their local utility provider.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Why and how are people choosing to electrify their homes?
information_extraction	[ { "content": "The Muscovy duck has been domesticated for centuries, and is widely traded as \"Barbary duck\". Muscovy breeds are popular because they have stronger-tasting meat — sometimes compared to roasted beef — than that of the domestic duck. The meat is lean when compared to the fatty meat of mallard-derived ducks, its leanness and tenderness being often compared to veal. Muscovy ducks are also less noisy, and sometimes marketed as a \"quackless\" duck; even though they are not completely silent, they do not actually quack (except in cases of extreme stress). The carcass of a Muscovy duck is also much heavier than most other domestic ducks, which makes it ideal for the dinner table. Extract the ways to spell \"Muscovy duck\" using the sample as a reference, and place them in a list.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "- Muscovy duck\n- Barbary duck\n- Quackless duck", "role": "assistant" } ]	The Muscovy duck has been domesticated for centuries, and is widely traded as "Barbary duck". Muscovy breeds are popular because they have stronger-tasting meat — sometimes compared to roasted beef — than that of the domestic duck. The meat is lean when compared to the fatty meat of mallard-derived ducks, its leanness and tenderness being often compared to veal. Muscovy ducks are also less noisy, and sometimes marketed as a "quackless" duck; even though they are not completely silent, they do not actually quack (except in cases of extreme stress). The carcass of a Muscovy duck is also much heavier than most other domestic ducks, which makes it ideal for the dinner table. Extract the ways to spell "Muscovy duck" using the sample as a reference, and place them in a list.
classification	[ { "content": "Tell me whether those countries are in Europe or America: England, United states, France, Spain, Canada, Italy, Colombia, Peru", "role": "user" }, { "content": "England is in Europe, United States is in America, France is in Europe, Spain is in Europe, Canada is in America, Italy is in Europe, Colombia is in America, Peru is in America", "role": "assistant" } ]	Tell me whether those countries are in Europe or America: England, United states, France, Spain, Canada, Italy, Colombia, Peru
brainstorming	[ { "content": "Think of five words that rhyme with kits", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Bits, nits, slits, brits, ditz", "role": "assistant" } ]	Think of five words that rhyme with kits
brainstorming	[ { "content": "What are some good beginner songs to learn on guitar?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The following are good songs a beginner can learn on guitar:\n\n- Smoke on the Water by Deep Purple\n- Brown Eyed Girl by Van Morrison\n- Heart of Gold by Neil Young\n- Seven Nation Army by The White Stripes\n- What's Up? by 4 Non Blondes\n- Wild Thing by The Troggs\n- Wonderwall by Oasis", "role": "assistant" } ]	What are some good beginner songs to learn on guitar?
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Conisbrough Castle is a medieval fortification in Conisbrough, South Yorkshire, England. The castle was initially built in the 11th century by William de Warenne, the Earl of Surrey, after the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Hamelin Plantagenet, the illegitimate, parvenu brother of Henry II, acquired the property by marriage in the late 12th century. Hamelin and his son William rebuilt the castle in stone, including its prominent 28-metre (92 ft)-high keep. The castle remained in the family line into the 14th century, despite being seized several times by the Crown. The fortification was then given to Edmund of Langley, passing back into royal ownership in 1461. Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name}", "role": "user" }, { "content": "• William de Warenne\n• Hamelin Plantagenet\n• Henry II\n• William Plantagenet\n• Edmund of Langley", "role": "assistant" } ]	Conisbrough Castle is a medieval fortification in Conisbrough, South Yorkshire, England. The castle was initially built in the 11th century by William de Warenne, the Earl of Surrey, after the Norman conquest of England in 1066. Hamelin Plantagenet, the illegitimate, parvenu brother of Henry II, acquired the property by marriage in the late 12th century. Hamelin and his son William rebuilt the castle in stone, including its prominent 28-metre (92 ft)-high keep. The castle remained in the family line into the 14th century, despite being seized several times by the Crown. The fortification was then given to Edmund of Langley, passing back into royal ownership in 1461. Extract all of the names of people mentioned in this paragraph and list them using bullets in the format {Name}
general_qa	[ { "content": "Why is Rafael Nadal so successful on clay courts?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "There are a lot of factors contributing to Rafael Nadal's success on clay. It starts with his preferred play style, heavy topspin. Heavily top spun ball bites into the surface more and jumped up higher, making it harder for the opponents to get the ball back. Next is his physical prowess -- clay courts are slow, which leads to longer points, so the players have to be in fantastic physical shape for them to keep playing at their best levels for 3-4 hours on average. Finally, Rafael Nadal's attitude and competitive spirit -- never give up, always plays with a high-intensity point in point out, and plays the sport with humility make him the ultimate champion he is on clay courts.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Why is Rafael Nadal so successful on clay courts?
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Radiative heat transfer is the transfer of energy via thermal radiation, i.e., electromagnetic waves. It occurs across vacuum or any transparent medium (solid or fluid or gas). Thermal radiation is emitted by all objects at temperatures above absolute zero, due to random movements of atoms and molecules in matter. Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles (protons and electrons), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation which carries away energy. Radiation is typically only important in engineering applications for very hot objects, or for objects with a large temperature difference. From the passage provided, provide the two scenarios in bullet form where radiative heat transfer is an important consideration.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Radiative heat transfer is an important consideration when:\n- Engineering applications for very hot objects\n- Engineering applications for objects with a large temperature difference", "role": "assistant" } ]	Radiative heat transfer is the transfer of energy via thermal radiation, i.e., electromagnetic waves. It occurs across vacuum or any transparent medium (solid or fluid or gas). Thermal radiation is emitted by all objects at temperatures above absolute zero, due to random movements of atoms and molecules in matter. Since these atoms and molecules are composed of charged particles (protons and electrons), their movement results in the emission of electromagnetic radiation which carries away energy. Radiation is typically only important in engineering applications for very hot objects, or for objects with a large temperature difference. From the passage provided, provide the two scenarios in bullet form where radiative heat transfer is an important consideration.
open_qa	[ { "content": "Name some famous anime shows?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Attack on Titan, Naruto, Dragon Ball, Bleach, One Piece", "role": "assistant" } ]	Name some famous anime shows?
general_qa	[ { "content": "Why do some scholars think that campaigns do not matter much for presidential election outcomes? Why do other scholars and practitioners think that campaigns do matter?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Scholars argue that there are three main reasons that campaigns do not matter in elections. One, that other factors have a greater influence than campaigns, such as if a candidate is an incumbent, party identification of the candidate, state of the economy, and finally, macro-trends like wars and presidential approval. Second, the public does not care about politics so they don't pay attention to campaign functions like speeches, candidate gaffes, or advertising. Third, in presidential elections, each side has about the same amount of experts and money which cancels out any advantage those resources might bring.\nOther scholars argue that campaigns do matter, and they also have three main reasons for this. One, that after controlling for incumbency, campaign spending does impact a candidates performance. Secondly, Gerber and Green argue that campaigns personalized outreach, such as, door-to-door or digital contact, will influence the person contacted to go and vote for the candidate. Finally, for non-presidential elections, the campaign resources vary enormously between candidates and the campaign with the most resources is favored to win the election.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Why do some scholars think that campaigns do not matter much for presidential election outcomes? Why do other scholars and practitioners think that campaigns do matter?
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Bears use shelters, such as caves and logs, as their dens; most species occupy their dens during the winter for a long period of hibernation, up to 100 day How long do bears hibernate?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Bears can hibernate up to 100 days in their dens during the winter", "role": "assistant" } ]	Bears use shelters, such as caves and logs, as their dens; most species occupy their dens during the winter for a long period of hibernation, up to 100 day How long do bears hibernate?
closed_qa	[ { "content": "The 2010 Tennessee Titans season was the team's 41st season in the National Football League, their 51st overall and their 14th season in Tennessee. The Titans hoped to improve on their 8–8 record from the 2009 season, but they failed to do so and ended up finishing 6-10. They started the season 5-2, but lost the next 8 of 9. This was the Titans’ final season under head coach Jeff Fisher, who resigned on January 27, 2011 after 17 seasons with the team.\n\nOffseason\nPersonnel changes\nOn January 25, Kennedy Pola, who previously served as the Jacksonville Jaguars' running backs coach for the past five seasons, was hired to the same position with the Titans, replacing Earnest Byner, who was fired the same day. (Ironically, Byner was later named the new Jaguars' running backs coach ten days later.) On May 14, Ruston Webster, who served as the Seattle Seahawks' vice president of player personnel for the past four seasons, was hired to the same position with the Titans.\n\nOn July 27, Kennedy Pola left the Titans and accepted the offensive coordinator position at USC. On July 28, the following changes were made to the Titans' coaching staff: Craig Johnson was moved from quarterbacks coach to the running backs coach vacated by Kennedy Pola, and will also serve as assistant head coach. Dowell Loggains, who previously served as quality control of offense, was named the new quarterbacks coach, while offensive assistant Richie Hessman will serve as quality control of offense. How many seasons was Jeff Fisher the head coach of the Titans while they were not in Tennessee?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "3 seasons", "role": "assistant" } ]	The 2010 Tennessee Titans season was the team's 41st season in the National Football League, their 51st overall and their 14th season in Tennessee. The Titans hoped to improve on their 8–8 record from the 2009 season, but they failed to do so and ended up finishing 6-10. They started the season 5-2, but lost the next 8 of 9. This was the Titans’ final season under head coach Jeff Fisher, who resigned on January 27, 2011 after 17 seasons with the team. Offseason Personnel changes On January 25, Kennedy Pola, who previously served as the Jacksonville Jaguars' running backs coach for the past five seasons, was hired to the same position with the Titans, replacing Earnest Byner, who was fired the same day. (Ironically, Byner was later named the new Jaguars' running backs coach ten days later.) On May 14, Ruston Webster, who served as the Seattle Seahawks' vice president of player personnel for the past four seasons, was hired to the same position with the Titans. On July 27, Kennedy Pola left the Titans and accepted the offensive coordinator position at USC. On July 28, the following changes were made to the Titans' coaching staff: Craig Johnson was moved from quarterbacks coach to the running backs coach vacated by Kennedy Pola, and will also serve as assistant head coach. Dowell Loggains, who previously served as quality control of offense, was named the new quarterbacks coach, while offensive assistant Richie Hessman will serve as quality control of offense. How many seasons was Jeff Fisher the head coach of the Titans while they were not in Tennessee?
brainstorming	[ { "content": "Who are the best five living male comedians in the US?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "1. Dave Chapelle\n2. Adam Sandler\n3. Chris Rock\n4. Kevin Hart\n5. Aziz Ansari", "role": "assistant" } ]	Who are the best five living male comedians in the US?
general_qa	[ { "content": "How would you categorize the following sports into two groups; baseball, archery, decathlon, hockey", "role": "user" }, { "content": "One way of categorizing these sports is by whether they're team or individual competitions:\n\nTeam - baseball and hockey\n\nIndividual - archery and decathlon", "role": "assistant" } ]	How would you categorize the following sports into two groups; baseball, archery, decathlon, hockey
summarization	[ { "content": "The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed. The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 50,000 - 60,000 years. Some consensus dates early flutes to about 40,000 years ago. However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible, as many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials. How long have musical instruments been in existence?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "This depends on what is defined as a musical instrument. In very ancient civilizations humans likely used non-durable materials to create rhythm or music. These likely included animal skins, wood and other materials that long ago degraded with no remaining physical record. If one defines the first musical instrument as a device specifically made for the purpose of creating a musical melody, it is likely the simple flute. But there is debate about when the first flute was made, ranging from 40,000 to 60,000 years ago.", "role": "assistant" } ]	The date and origin of the first device considered a musical instrument is disputed. The oldest object that some scholars refer to as a musical instrument, a simple flute, dates back as far as 50,000 - 60,000 years. Some consensus dates early flutes to about 40,000 years ago. However, most historians believe that determining a specific time of musical instrument invention is impossible, as many early musical instruments were made from animal skins, bone, wood, and other non-durable materials. How long have musical instruments been in existence?
closed_qa	[ { "content": "The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the National Football Conference (NFC) North division. It is the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, dating back to 1919, and is the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States. Home games have been played at Lambeau Field since 1957. They have the most wins of any NFL franchise. Who are the Green Bay Packers and who owns them?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the National Football Conference (NFC) North division. The 'Packers' are the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, dating back to 1919, and is the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States.", "role": "assistant" } ]	The Green Bay Packers are a professional American football team based in Green Bay, Wisconsin. The Packers compete in the National Football League (NFL) as a member club of the National Football Conference (NFC) North division. It is the third-oldest franchise in the NFL, dating back to 1919, and is the only non-profit, community-owned major league professional sports team based in the United States. Home games have been played at Lambeau Field since 1957. They have the most wins of any NFL franchise. Who are the Green Bay Packers and who owns them?
general_qa	[ { "content": "What Constitutes a Foul in Football?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "As a rule, a football foul would be an unfair act committed by a player which interferes with active play. A match referee would decide on the foul while officiating the game's laws.\n\nThere are different outcomes that punish soccer fouls. The referee can award either a direct or an indirect free-kick (depending on the offence). In some cases, a foul in football results in a penalty spot kick awarded to the opposing team.", "role": "assistant" } ]	What Constitutes a Foul in Football?
classification	[ { "content": "Classify each of these as a type of instrument or a type of school subject: Mathematics, Saxophone, french horn, history, physical education, Oboe, science, drums, geography, flute, tuba", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Types of instruments are: french Horn, oboe, drums, flute, and tuba. Types of school subjects are: mathematics, history, physical education, science, and geography.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Classify each of these as a type of instrument or a type of school subject: Mathematics, Saxophone, french horn, history, physical education, Oboe, science, drums, geography, flute, tuba
summarization	[ { "content": "The CIA has covertly hired Professor Jerry Hathaway at Pacific Technical University to develop the power source for \"Crossbow\": a laser weapon precise enough to commit illegal political assassinations from outer space. Hathaway uses his position to recruit brilliant students to do the work for him but, aside from his graduate student and toady Kent, does not tell them the reason for their research.\n\nHathaway's latest prospect is genius high school student Mitch Taylor. Despite his youth and inexperience, Hathaway makes Mitch the lead on the project due to his innovative and original ideas in the field of laser physics. Mitch is roomed with Chris Knight, another member of the team, a legend in the \"National Physics Club\" and one of Mitch's idols. Mitch's ideal of Chris is shattered, however, when Chris turns out to be more of a goof-off than a hard-working student. Meanwhile, Hathaway hopes Mitch will encourage Chris to straighten up his act and that their two exceptional minds can develop a proper power source.\n\nWith the deadline quickly approaching, Mitch feels the pressure to complete the project while Chris continues in his carefree attitude. After inviting Mitch to a pool party to blow off steam, Kent reports this to Hathaway, who lambasts Mitch. Mitch breaks down and tearfully calls his parents, telling them he wants to go home. Kent records the call without Mitch's knowledge and later plays the recording over the school's public address system, humiliating Mitch. As Mitch begins packing to leave, Chris explains about the pressures of school and burdens of being highly intelligent by relating the history of former Pacific Tech student Lazlo Hollyfeld. Lazlo cracked under the pressure and disappeared (actually now living in the university's tunnels beneath Chris and Mitch's closet). Chris, fearing the same could happen to him, learned to lighten up and begin enjoying life. Mitch acquiesces to stay and they exact revenge on Kent by disassembling his car and reassembling it in his dorm room.\n\nHathaway, angry about the still-incomplete project and Chris's attitude, informs Chris that he intends to fail him in his final course needed for graduation and will give a coveted after-graduation job, originally promised to Chris, to Kent instead, as well as take steps to ensure Chris will never find work in the field of laser physics. Chris is disheartened and Mitch must use Chris's same argument to convince him to stay. The two commit themselves to finishing the 5 megawatt laser and making sure Chris passes Hathaway's final exam.\n\nKent sabotages their latest, nearly-successful apparatus. Though Chris knows Kent destroyed the laser, he can do nothing about it and is left to brood over the injustice; this inspires him to come up with a whole new system. The new solution works flawlessly, impressing Hathaway; he congratulates Chris and assures him that he will graduate. Chris and Mitch leave and celebrate, but Lazlo arrives to tell them his suspicions regarding the possible uses of such a laser. Realizing he is right, they return to the lab, but all the laser equipment has already been removed by Hathaway.\n\nThey surreptitiously implant a radio transmitter in Kent's mouth and use it convince him he is speaking to Jesus. Kent divulges the location of the Air Force base where the equipment has been installed on a B-1 bomber. Chris and Mitch sneak onto the airbase and reprogram the coordinates of the target before going to Hathaway's home to set up a small prism. They gather outside Hathaway's home to watch as another school professor and a Congressman arrive, having been told of the test. Kent arrives and, though he was told by Jesus to remain outside, he goes inside. The laser test begins, with the new target being Hathaway's house. A very large bag of popcorn (Hathaway detests popcorn) is heated by the laser refracted by the prism, filling the house entirely and causing it to burst at the seams, with Kent riding a popcorn wave through the front door. Lazlo arrives in an RV—which he has won using mathematics in a blind sweepstakes contest—to tell them he is leaving. Later, Hathaway arrives to see what has become of his house. Summarize the plot synopsis of the movie Real Genius in 3 sentences.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The CIA hires Professor Jerry Hathaway to develop the power source for a laser powerful and precise enough to vaporize human targets from outer space. Hathaway's newly recruited genius Mitch, along with his previous prodigy, Chris, work together to develop the technology and succeed, only to later learn of Hathaway's true intention for their work. The students and their friends sabotage their own invention and teach Hathaway a lesson by having the laser to pop an enormous bag of popcorn in Jerry's house, knowing that he hates popcorn.", "role": "assistant" } ]	The CIA has covertly hired Professor Jerry Hathaway at Pacific Technical University to develop the power source for "Crossbow": a laser weapon precise enough to commit illegal political assassinations from outer space. Hathaway uses his position to recruit brilliant students to do the work for him but, aside from his graduate student and toady Kent, does not tell them the reason for their research. Hathaway's latest prospect is genius high school student Mitch Taylor. Despite his youth and inexperience, Hathaway makes Mitch the lead on the project due to his innovative and original ideas in the field of laser physics. Mitch is roomed with Chris Knight, another member of the team, a legend in the "National Physics Club" and one of Mitch's idols. Mitch's ideal of Chris is shattered, however, when Chris turns out to be more of a goof-off than a hard-working student. Meanwhile, Hathaway hopes Mitch will encourage Chris to straighten up his act and that their two exceptional minds can develop a proper power source. With the deadline quickly approaching, Mitch feels the pressure to complete the project while Chris continues in his carefree attitude. After inviting Mitch to a pool party to blow off steam, Kent reports this to Hathaway, who lambasts Mitch. Mitch breaks down and tearfully calls his parents, telling them he wants to go home. Kent records the call without Mitch's knowledge and later plays the recording over the school's public address system, humiliating Mitch. As Mitch begins packing to leave, Chris explains about the pressures of school and burdens of being highly intelligent by relating the history of former Pacific Tech student Lazlo Hollyfeld. Lazlo cracked under the pressure and disappeared (actually now living in the university's tunnels beneath Chris and Mitch's closet). Chris, fearing the same could happen to him, learned to lighten up and begin enjoying life. Mitch acquiesces to stay and they exact revenge on Kent by disassembling his car and reassembling it in his dorm room. Hathaway, angry about the still-incomplete project and Chris's attitude, informs Chris that he intends to fail him in his final course needed for graduation and will give a coveted after-graduation job, originally promised to Chris, to Kent instead, as well as take steps to ensure Chris will never find work in the field of laser physics. Chris is disheartened and Mitch must use Chris's same argument to convince him to stay. The two commit themselves to finishing the 5 megawatt laser and making sure Chris passes Hathaway's final exam. Kent sabotages their latest, nearly-successful apparatus. Though Chris knows Kent destroyed the laser, he can do nothing about it and is left to brood over the injustice; this inspires him to come up with a whole new system. The new solution works flawlessly, impressing Hathaway; he congratulates Chris and assures him that he will graduate. Chris and Mitch leave and celebrate, but Lazlo arrives to tell them his suspicions regarding the possible uses of such a laser. Realizing he is right, they return to the lab, but all the laser equipment has already been removed by Hathaway. They surreptitiously implant a radio transmitter in Kent's mouth and use it convince him he is speaking to Jesus. Kent divulges the location of the Air Force base where the equipment has been installed on a B-1 bomber. Chris and Mitch sneak onto the airbase and reprogram the coordinates of the target before going to Hathaway's home to set up a small prism. They gather outside Hathaway's home to watch as another school professor and a Congressman arrive, having been told of the test. Kent arrives and, though he was told by Jesus to remain outside, he goes inside. The laser test begins, with the new target being Hathaway's house. A very large bag of popcorn (Hathaway detests popcorn) is heated by the laser refracted by the prism, filling the house entirely and causing it to burst at the seams, with Kent riding a popcorn wave through the front door. Lazlo arrives in an RV—which he has won using mathematics in a blind sweepstakes contest—to tell them he is leaving. Later, Hathaway arrives to see what has become of his house. Summarize the plot synopsis of the movie Real Genius in 3 sentences.
closed_qa	[ { "content": "With the onset of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, an unprecedented growth in urbanisation took place, and the number of High Streets (the primary street for retail in Britain) rapidly grew. London was the world's largest city from about 1831 to 1925, with a population density of 325 per hectare. In addition to the growing number of stores selling goods such as Harding, Howell & Co. on Pall Mall—a contender for the first department store—the streets had scores of street sellers loudly advertising their goods and services. London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. Rising traffic congestion led to the creation of the world's first local urban rail network. The Metropolitan Board of Works oversaw infrastructure expansion in the capital and some surrounding counties; it was abolished in 1889 when the London County Council was created out of county areas surrounding the capital. Given this paragraph about London, give me one reason why epidemics were spread in London.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "London's overcrowded conditions is one reason why epidemics spread in London.", "role": "assistant" } ]	With the onset of the Industrial Revolution in Britain, an unprecedented growth in urbanisation took place, and the number of High Streets (the primary street for retail in Britain) rapidly grew. London was the world's largest city from about 1831 to 1925, with a population density of 325 per hectare. In addition to the growing number of stores selling goods such as Harding, Howell & Co. on Pall Mall—a contender for the first department store—the streets had scores of street sellers loudly advertising their goods and services. London's overcrowded conditions led to cholera epidemics, claiming 14,000 lives in 1848, and 6,000 in 1866. Rising traffic congestion led to the creation of the world's first local urban rail network. The Metropolitan Board of Works oversaw infrastructure expansion in the capital and some surrounding counties; it was abolished in 1889 when the London County Council was created out of county areas surrounding the capital. Given this paragraph about London, give me one reason why epidemics were spread in London.
open_qa	[ { "content": "How do solar panels create energy?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Solar panels convert the radiant energy from sunlight into electric energy in the form of direct current electricity.", "role": "assistant" } ]	How do solar panels create energy?
closed_qa	[ { "content": "The company was incorporated as Tesla Motors, Inc. on July 1, 2003, by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. Eberhard and Tarpenning served as CEO and CFO, respectively. Eberhard said he wanted to build \"a car manufacturer that is also a technology company\", with its core technologies as \"the battery, the computer software, and the proprietary motor\".\n\nIan Wright was Tesla's third employee, joining a few months later. In February 2004, the company raised $7.5 million in series A funding, including $6.5 million from Elon Musk, who had received $100 million from the sale of his interest in PayPal two years earlier. Musk became the chairman of the board of directors and the largest shareholder of Tesla. J. B. Straubel joined Tesla in May 2004 as chief technical officer.\n\nA lawsuit settlement agreed to by Eberhard and Tesla in September 2009 allows all five – Eberhard, Tarpenning, Wright, Musk, and Straubel – to call themselves co-founders. Given this paragraph about the founding of Tesla, who was the chairman of the board of directors as of March 2004?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Elon Musk", "role": "assistant" } ]	The company was incorporated as Tesla Motors, Inc. on July 1, 2003, by Martin Eberhard and Marc Tarpenning. Eberhard and Tarpenning served as CEO and CFO, respectively. Eberhard said he wanted to build "a car manufacturer that is also a technology company", with its core technologies as "the battery, the computer software, and the proprietary motor". Ian Wright was Tesla's third employee, joining a few months later. In February 2004, the company raised $7.5 million in series A funding, including $6.5 million from Elon Musk, who had received $100 million from the sale of his interest in PayPal two years earlier. Musk became the chairman of the board of directors and the largest shareholder of Tesla. J. B. Straubel joined Tesla in May 2004 as chief technical officer. A lawsuit settlement agreed to by Eberhard and Tesla in September 2009 allows all five – Eberhard, Tarpenning, Wright, Musk, and Straubel – to call themselves co-founders. Given this paragraph about the founding of Tesla, who was the chairman of the board of directors as of March 2004?
classification	[ { "content": "Choose the word which is different from the rest: hangar, platform, dock, park, bus stand", "role": "user" }, { "content": "All except park are places to await for transportation", "role": "assistant" } ]	Choose the word which is different from the rest: hangar, platform, dock, park, bus stand
creative_writing	[ { "content": "List the ingredients and step by step instructions to make a glass of AMF.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Ingredients:\n3/4 oz vodka\n3/4 oz rum\n3/4 oz tequila\n3/4 oz gin\n3/4 oz blue curaçao\n3/4 oz simple syrup\n3/4 oz lemon juice\nSprite or 7up\nPreserved cherry\n\nSteps:\n1. Mix the vodka, rum, tequila, gin, blue curaçao, simple syrup, and lemon juice in a glass filled with ice.\n2. Top the glass off with the Sprite or 7up and stir.\n3. Garnish with the preserved cherry.", "role": "assistant" } ]	List the ingredients and step by step instructions to make a glass of AMF.
open_qa	[ { "content": "What are the words of House Tyrell?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "\"Growing Strong\"", "role": "assistant" } ]	What are the words of House Tyrell?
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Technological advances also renewed interest in mental states and mental representations. English neuroscientist Charles Sherrington and Canadian psychologist Donald O. Hebb used experimental methods to link psychological phenomena to the structure and function of the brain. The rise of computer science, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence underlined the value of comparing information processing in humans and machines.\n\nA popular and representative topic in this area is cognitive bias, or irrational thought. Psychologists (and economists) have classified and described a sizeable catalogue of biases which recur frequently in human thought. The availability heuristic, for example, is the tendency to overestimate the importance of something which happens to come readily to mind.\n\nElements of behaviorism and cognitive psychology were synthesized to form cognitive behavioral therapy, a form of psychotherapy modified from techniques developed by American psychologist Albert Ellis and American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck.\n\nOn a broader level, cognitive science is an interdisciplinary enterprise involving cognitive psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, linguists, and researchers in artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction, and computational neuroscience. The discipline of cognitive science covers cognitive psychology as well as philosophy of mind, computer science, and neuroscience. Computer simulations are sometimes used to model phenomena of interest. What is CBT?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is a form of psychological treatment that is very effective to treat anxiety, substance abuse, eating disorders and several other mental health disorders.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Technological advances also renewed interest in mental states and mental representations. English neuroscientist Charles Sherrington and Canadian psychologist Donald O. Hebb used experimental methods to link psychological phenomena to the structure and function of the brain. The rise of computer science, cybernetics, and artificial intelligence underlined the value of comparing information processing in humans and machines. A popular and representative topic in this area is cognitive bias, or irrational thought. Psychologists (and economists) have classified and described a sizeable catalogue of biases which recur frequently in human thought. The availability heuristic, for example, is the tendency to overestimate the importance of something which happens to come readily to mind. Elements of behaviorism and cognitive psychology were synthesized to form cognitive behavioral therapy, a form of psychotherapy modified from techniques developed by American psychologist Albert Ellis and American psychiatrist Aaron T. Beck. On a broader level, cognitive science is an interdisciplinary enterprise involving cognitive psychologists, cognitive neuroscientists, linguists, and researchers in artificial intelligence, human–computer interaction, and computational neuroscience. The discipline of cognitive science covers cognitive psychology as well as philosophy of mind, computer science, and neuroscience. Computer simulations are sometimes used to model phenomena of interest. What is CBT?
summarization	[ { "content": "The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936: on 17 and 18 July, part of the military carried out a coup d'état that triumphed in only part of the country. The situation led to a civil war, in which the territory was divided into two zones: one under the authority of the Republican government, that counted on outside support from the Soviet Union and Mexico (and from International Brigades), and the other controlled by the putschists (the Nationalist or rebel faction), most critically supported by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The Republic was not supported by the Western powers due to the British-led policy of non-intervention. General Francisco Franco was sworn in as the supreme leader of the rebels on 1 October 1936. An uneasy relationship between the Republican government and the grassroots anarchists who had initiated a partial Social revolution also ensued.\n\n\nRepublican volunteers at Teruel, 1936\nThe civil war was viciously fought and there were many atrocities committed by all sides. The war claimed the lives of over 500,000 people and caused the flight of up to a half-million citizens from the country. On 1 April 1939, five months before the beginning of World War II, the rebel side led by Franco emerged victorious, imposing a dictatorship over the whole country. Thousands of men and women were imprisoned after the civil war in Francoist concentration camps, with approximately 367,000 to 500,000 prisoners being held in 50 camps or prisons. Give me a brief summary of the spanish civil war", "role": "user" }, { "content": "The Spanish Civil War started on the 17th and 18th of July 1936 due to a coup d'etat by the military that divided the country into two zones, one side led by the republican government, the other controlled by the putschists (nationalists). The war claimed 500,000 lives and caused a mass exodus of up to 500,000 more. It ended on the 1st of April 1939 with the nationalists taking control of the country, imposing a dictatorship led by General Franco.", "role": "assistant" } ]	The Spanish Civil War broke out in 1936: on 17 and 18 July, part of the military carried out a coup d'état that triumphed in only part of the country. The situation led to a civil war, in which the territory was divided into two zones: one under the authority of the Republican government, that counted on outside support from the Soviet Union and Mexico (and from International Brigades), and the other controlled by the putschists (the Nationalist or rebel faction), most critically supported by Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy. The Republic was not supported by the Western powers due to the British-led policy of non-intervention. General Francisco Franco was sworn in as the supreme leader of the rebels on 1 October 1936. An uneasy relationship between the Republican government and the grassroots anarchists who had initiated a partial Social revolution also ensued. Republican volunteers at Teruel, 1936 The civil war was viciously fought and there were many atrocities committed by all sides. The war claimed the lives of over 500,000 people and caused the flight of up to a half-million citizens from the country. On 1 April 1939, five months before the beginning of World War II, the rebel side led by Franco emerged victorious, imposing a dictatorship over the whole country. Thousands of men and women were imprisoned after the civil war in Francoist concentration camps, with approximately 367,000 to 500,000 prisoners being held in 50 camps or prisons. Give me a brief summary of the spanish civil war
information_extraction	[ { "content": "Mount Shakspere is a 12,174-foot-elevation (3,711 meter) summit located in Fresno County, California, United States.\n\nDescription\nThe mountain is set four miles west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in the Palisades area of Kings Canyon National Park. It is situated 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of Middle Palisade, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of Giraud Peak, and one mile north-northwest of line parent Observation Peak. Mt. Shakspere ranks as the 384th-highest summit in California, and topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 3,500 feet (1,100 meters) above Palisade Creek in approximately one mile (1.6 km). The first ascent of the summit was made July 20, 1930, by Francis P. Farquhar, Mary Lou Michaels, Doris Drust, Lorna Kilgariff, and Robert L. Lipman. This mountain's name has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. How tall is Mt. Shakspere?", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Mount Shakspere is 12,174 feet tall", "role": "assistant" } ]	Mount Shakspere is a 12,174-foot-elevation (3,711 meter) summit located in Fresno County, California, United States. Description The mountain is set four miles west of the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range, in the Palisades area of Kings Canyon National Park. It is situated 4.5 miles (7.2 km) southwest of Middle Palisade, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of Giraud Peak, and one mile north-northwest of line parent Observation Peak. Mt. Shakspere ranks as the 384th-highest summit in California, and topographic relief is significant as the summit rises over 3,500 feet (1,100 meters) above Palisade Creek in approximately one mile (1.6 km). The first ascent of the summit was made July 20, 1930, by Francis P. Farquhar, Mary Lou Michaels, Doris Drust, Lorna Kilgariff, and Robert L. Lipman. This mountain's name has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names. How tall is Mt. Shakspere?
classification	[ { "content": "Tell me whether these are popular sports are more popular in United States of America or in Australia.", "role": "user" }, { "content": "Basketball, American Football, Baseball, and Lacrosse are more popular in the United States of America. Soccer, Australian Rules Football, Rugby, and Cricket are more popular in Australia.", "role": "assistant" } ]	Tell me whether these are popular sports are more popular in United States of America or in Australia.