Datasets:

coding-kelps
/

liaisons-claim-stance-sample

topic stringlengths 5 99	parent_argument stringlengths 27 124	child_argument stringlengths 28 169	relation stringclasses 2 values
ASEAN	This house would disband ASEAN	ASEAN has subscribed to the notion of democratic peace	attack
American Jobs Act	This house would pass the American Jobs Act	The American Jobs Act gives more tax breaks, thus contributing more to the federal deficit	attack
Holocaust denial	This house believes that Holocaust denial should be a criminal offence	The way of fighting Holocaust deniers is with history and with truth	attack
Israel's 2008-2009 military operations against Gaza	This house believes that Israel's 2008-2009 military operations against Gaza were justified	Israel targeted Palestinian civilians as a matter of policy	attack
advertising	This house believes that advertising is harmful	Advertising is a powerful educational tool capable of reaching and motivating large audiences	attack
all nations have a right to nuclear weapons	This house believes all nations have a right to nuclear weapons	more countries with nuclear weapons may increase the possibility of nuclear warfare	attack
atheism	This house believes atheism is the only way	basic facts, such as humanity's existence, are best explained by the existence of God	attack
austerity measures	This house believes that Europe should weaken its austerity measures to guarantee its citizens greater social support	deficit spending is always bad policy	attack
barrier methods of contraception	This house believes that the Catholic Church is justified in forbidding the use of barrier methods of contraception	Condoms (male or female) are used to protect against STIs	attack
blasphemy	This house would criminalize blasphemy	The 'defamation of religions' concept is used to justify censorship	attack
boxing	This house would ban boxing	Referees will stop the bout if a boxer is seriously injured	attack
bribery	This house believes that bribery is sometimes acceptable	corruption increases the cost of business	attack
build high rises for housing	This house would build high rises for housing	Tower Blocks grew a reputation for being undesirable low cost housing	attack
build hydroelectric dams	This house would build hydroelectric dams	Hydroelectric projects can be disruptive to surrounding aquatic ecosystems	attack
build the Keystone XL pipeline	This house would build the Keystone XL pipeline	The production of bitumen and synthetic crude oil emits more greenhouse gases than the production of conventional crude oil	attack
burning the stars and stripes	This house would prohibit burning the stars and stripes	the First Amendment protects such activity as symbolic speech	attack
collective bargaining rights claimed by trades unions	This house would abolish all collective bargaining rights claimed by trades unions	The right to bargain collectively with an employer enhances the human dignity	attack
congressional earmarks	This house would abolish congressional earmarks	directing money to particular purposes is a core constitutional function of Congress	attack
democratic governments should require voters to present photo identification at the polling station	This house believes that democratic governments should require voters to present photo identification at the polling station	Identification requirements may heighten the opportunities for confusion and voter intimidation	attack
democratization	This house would promote democratization	Democracy in general is criticized for ignoring the rights of the minority	attack
endangered species	This house believes that endangered species should be protected	Any efforts to protect the world’s remaining natural habitat and biodiversity will compete directly with humans’ growing demand for natural resources	attack
enforce term limits on the legislative branch of government	This house would enforce term limits on the legislative branch of government	Limiting terms deprives voters of the right to choose whom they want in office	attack
freedom of speech	This house believes that it is sometimes right for the government to restrict freedom of speech	there ought to exist the fullest liberty of professing and discussing, as a matter of ethical conviction, any doctrine, however immoral it may be considered	attack
fund education using a voucher scheme	This house would fund education using a voucher scheme	the tuition voucher proposal would undermine public education	attack
gambling	This house would ban gambling	gambling increases aggregate demand for goods and services in the economy	attack
governments should choose open source software	This house believes governments should choose open source software in order to encourage its use	Open source software will often be less usable	attack
have children	This house would never have children	having children is frequently viewed as a measure of success	attack
housewives should be paid for their work	This house believes that housewives should be paid for their work	Women's jobs in the home are not part of any market	attack
implement playoffs in collegiate level American football	This house would implement playoffs in collegiate level American football	Implementation of a playoff system would lead to other, more serious consequences	attack
institute a mandatory retirement age	This house would institute a mandatory retirement age	the age at which retirement is mandated is often somewhat arbitrary and not based upon an actual physical evaluation of an individual person	attack
intellectual property rights	This house would abolish intellectual property rights	artists cannot produce new works without an economic incentive	attack
leaking of military documents	This house believes that the leaking of military documents by Anat Kamm was justified	leaks .. may have a very negative security impact for people involved	attack
make physical education compulsory	This house would make physical education compulsory	Not everyone benefits equally from exercise	attack
multiculturalism	This house would embrace multiculturalism	Multiculturalism is divisive	attack
national service	This house would reintroduce national service	adequate military strength could be maintained without having conscription	attack
only teach abstinence for sex education in schools	This house would only teach abstinence for sex education in schools	Adolescents who begin having sexual intercourse need to understand the importance of using an effective contraceptive every time they have sex	attack
open primaries	This house believes that open primaries are the most effective method of selecting candidates for elections	A party's basic function is to choose its own leaders	attack
partial birth abortions	This house would ban partial birth abortions	A state's ban on partial birth abortion is unconstitutional	attack
raising the school leaving age to 18	This house supports raising the school leaving age to 18	Schools inhibit a person’s will and ability to self-learn	attack
re-engage with Myanmar	This house would re-engage with Myanmar	economic sanctions and political pressure on the Burmese military regime remain the only feasible policy to achieve a restoration of democracy and human rights in Burma	attack
subsidize poor communities	This house would subsidize poor communities	foreign aid is seen to be serving the interests of the donor more than the recipient	attack
subsidize the growing of tobacco	This house believes that states should not subsidize the growing of tobacco	commercial tobacco production is a vital part of the American and world economy	attack
the blockade of Gaza	This house believes that Israel should lift the blockade of Gaza	The situation in Gaza is the direct result of Hamas' rule and priorities	attack
the creation of private universities in the UK	This house would encourage the creation of private universities in the UK	Tuition fees at private universities tend to be higher than at public universities	attack
the monarchy	This house would abolish the monarchy	Monarchy safeguards the constitutional rights of the individual	attack
the one-child policy of the republic of China	This house supports the one-child policy of the republic of China	China's birth control policy is thought to have been a significant contribution to the gender imbalance in mainland China	attack
the right to asylum	This house believes that the right to asylum should not be absolute	Migration provides a positive resource for the economy	attack
the right to bear arms	This house would limit the right to bear arms	Right-to-carry laws serve as a deterrent against crime	attack
the sale of violent video games to minors	This house believes that the sale of violent video games to minors should be banned	No evidence links video games to youth violence	attack
the use of affirmative action	This house believes in the use of affirmative action	Affirmative action perpetuates racial division	attack
the use of performance enhancing drugs in professional sports	This house would permit the use of performance enhancing drugs in professional sports	Many former athletes suffer from health problems related to steroid consumption	attack
the use of truth and reconciliation commissions	This house supports the use of truth and reconciliation commissions	abuses of human rights have gone unpunished under truth commissions	attack
unleash the free market	This house would unleash the free market	Governmental intervention can result in potential gains in efficiency	attack
wind power	This house believes that wind power should be a primary focus of future energy supply	Wind farms are causing annoyance and ill health in people	attack
year round schooling	This house would introduce year round schooling	children need the 2–3 months off to relax and also to take a break from other childhood stresses associated with school	attack
ASEAN	This house would disband ASEAN	ASEAN has begun to be less successful at restraining its members and resolving border disputes	support
American Jobs Act	This house would pass the American Jobs Act	The American Jobs Act, would give businesses incentives to hire unemployed and disabled veterans	support
Holocaust denial	This house believes that Holocaust denial should be a criminal offence	Holocaust denial is described as an affront to our humanity	support
Israel's 2008-2009 military operations against Gaza	This house believes that Israel's 2008-2009 military operations against Gaza were justified	Palestinian security forces do little or nothing to prevent rocket attacks	support
advertising	This house believes that advertising is harmful	Advertising is not without social costs	support
all nations have a right to nuclear weapons	This house believes all nations have a right to nuclear weapons	unlike conventional weapons, nuclear weapons successfully deter all-out war between states	support
atheism	This house believes atheism is the only way	arguments for the existence of God show insufficient reason to believe	support
austerity measures	This house believes that Europe should weaken its austerity measures to guarantee its citizens greater social support	negative impact of tighter fiscal policy could offset the positive impact	support
barrier methods of contraception	This house believes that the Catholic Church is justified in forbidding the use of barrier methods of contraception	God created sexual intercourse to be both unitive and procreative	support
blasphemy	This house would criminalize blasphemy	humiliation of the values that are held in high esteem by people cannot be justified by the freedom of speech	support
boxing	This house would ban boxing	Headgear is not permitted in professional bouts, and boxers are generally allowed to take much more damage before a fight is halted	support
bribery	This house believes that bribery is sometimes acceptable	In some cases where the system of law is not well-implemented, bribes may be a way for companies to continue their businesses	support
build high rises for housing	This house would build high rises for housing	Planning policies which increase population densities in urban areas do tend to reduce car use	support
build hydroelectric dams	This house would build hydroelectric dams	Among sources of renewable energy, hydroelectric plants have the advantages of being long-lived	support
build the Keystone XL pipeline	This house would build the Keystone XL pipeline	oil and gas pipelines are an important asset of the economic development of almost any country	support
burning the stars and stripes	This house would prohibit burning the stars and stripes	Americans support a flag desecration amendment	support
collective bargaining rights claimed by trades unions	This house would abolish all collective bargaining rights claimed by trades unions	unionized workers raise their own wages above their natural rate at the expense of their businesses or other workers	support
congressional earmarks	This house would abolish congressional earmarks	benefits of a vote only reach a particular portion of the population, while the tax costs that pay for the vote are spread throughout the entire populace	support
democratic governments should require voters to present photo identification at the polling station	This house believes that democratic governments should require voters to present photo identification at the polling station	Photo identification is necessary to prevent widespread voter fraud	support
democratization	This house would promote democratization	Democratization empowers people legally in entitling them to practice freedom	support
endangered species	This house believes that endangered species should be protected	humans are losing animals that could have served as biological control agents	support
enforce term limits on the legislative branch of government	This house would enforce term limits on the legislative branch of government	Freed from political considerations related to re-election, lawmakers would be more free to vote on the merits	support
freedom of speech	This house believes that it is sometimes right for the government to restrict freedom of speech	Reasonable restrictions on freedom of expression can be imposed in the interest of public order	support
fund education using a voucher scheme	This house would fund education using a voucher scheme	a "competitive education market" would lead to "innovation and improvement	support
gambling	This house would ban gambling	nearly all the western states' governments outlawed gambling	support
governments should choose open source software	This house believes governments should choose open source software in order to encourage its use	open-source software is inherently safer	support
have children	This house would never have children	the best thing for a man is not to be born	support
housewives should be paid for their work	This house believes that housewives should be paid for their work	Care work is essential to human well-being	support
implement playoffs in collegiate level American football	This house would implement playoffs in collegiate level American football	a single loss can potentially end a team's chance at a National Championship or propel some other team into the title game under the current system	support
institute a mandatory retirement age	This house would institute a mandatory retirement age	Separation of older people from active roles in society benefits both society and older individuals	support
intellectual property rights	This house would abolish intellectual property rights	Patents are critisized as state-granted monopolies inconsistent with free trade	support
leaking of military documents	This house believes that the leaking of military documents by Anat Kamm was justified	government information should be available to the public	support
make physical education compulsory	This house would make physical education compulsory	people die as a result of physical inactivity	support
multiculturalism	This house would embrace multiculturalism	Diversity makes available more ways of solving problems and responding to catastrophes	support
national service	This house would reintroduce national service	bringing back the draft would remedy the social disparity	support
only teach abstinence for sex education in schools	This house would only teach abstinence for sex education in schools	sexual behavior outside of marriage is immoral	support
open primaries	This house believes that open primaries are the most effective method of selecting candidates for elections	the open primary allows nonpartisan or independent voters to participate in the nominating process	support
partial birth abortions	This house would ban partial birth abortions	abortion has negative effects on society	support
raising the school leaving age to 18	This house supports raising the school leaving age to 18	Raising the school leaving age will tackle the problem of young people leaving school unskilled	support
re-engage with Myanmar	This house would re-engage with Myanmar	since the transition to new government in August 2011, Burma's human rights record has been improving	support
subsidize poor communities	This house would subsidize poor communities	economic inequality contributes to crime	support
subsidize the growing of tobacco	This house believes that states should not subsidize the growing of tobacco	smoking-related health problems contribute to rising health care costs	support
the blockade of Gaza	This house believes that Israel should lift the blockade of Gaza	all that is being achieved through the blockade is to "enrich Hamas and marginalize even further the voices of moderation	support
the creation of private universities in the UK	This house would encourage the creation of private universities in the UK	private entities are more efficiently run	support
the monarchy	This house would abolish the monarchy	people are given greater dignity from choosing their head of state	support

End of preview. Expand in Data Studio

⚠️ This repository is a part of an academical project for the Heriot-Watt University, no third-party contributions are accepted.

Dataset Card for Liaison's IBM Claim Stance Dataset Sample

About the Dataset

Dataset Summary

The present dataset is a result of processing the IBM Debater Claim Stance Dataset to create representative samples. The size has been reduced to roughly 100 entries, enabling the benchmarking of models for relation-based argument mining tasks with limited resources. You can also find here the associated benchmarking framework and results.

The sample also modifies the original dataset to achieve a more balanced plurality of stances and topics, and creates a new "unrelated" class in argument relation (following a simple rule-based data augmentation algorithm). Further details on the preprocessing can be found on GitHub.

Dataset Structure

parent_argument - The first argument that states a position regarding a topic
child_argument - Another argument that is compared to the parent argument
relation - The argumentative relation of the child argument to the parent argument. It can either be support/attack in the binary split or support/attack/unrelated in the ternary split

About Contributions

As mentioned earlier, this work is part of an academic project for the validation of my Master's Degree at Heriot-Watt University, preventing me from accepting any contributions until the final release of my project. Thank you for your understanding.

Associated Works

This work is part of a collection of works whose ultimate goal is to deliver a framework to automatically analyze social media content (e.g., X, Reddit) to extract their argumentative value and predict their relations, leveraging Large Language Models' (LLMs) abilities:

liaisons (the developed client for social media content analysis)
liaisons-preprocess (the preprocessing of the original IBM dataset)
liaisons-experiments (the benchmarking framework that the sample is intended to be used with)
liaisons-experiments-results (the obtained results with this benchmarking)
mantis-shrimp (the configuration-as-code used to set up my workstation for this project)