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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Easton,_Maryland
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Easton, Maryland
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History
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Easton, Maryland / History
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English: Image of a market day in en:Easton, Maryland. This image is of the Market House in the town square of Easton. Market Days were held every week, and farmers brought produce, craftsmen brought goods to sell, and, yes, sometimes slave sales were held there. This image is of the outside of the building. It is impossible to see the inside, and to know what is being sold. While it may be more exciting to believe this is a slave sale, the facts are that no one can determine from the image what is being sold in the building.
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Easton is an incorporated town and the county seat of Talbot County, Maryland, United States. The population was 15,945 at the 2010 census, with an estimated population in 2019 of 16,671. The primary ZIP Code is 21601, and the secondary is 21606. The primary phone exchange is 822, the auxiliary exchanges are 820, 763, and 770, and the area code is 410.
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Easton may be named because of its location east of Saint Michaels, however it is more likely that it was named after Easton in Somersetshire, England.
Jesse Hughes, a footwear manufacturer and dealer, did business in Easton between 1861-1879. His business records, which are held by the University of Maryland Libraries, provide insight into 19th century town life.
In 1916, the town erected the "Talbot Boys" statue in honor of Confederate soldiers from Talbot County. In 2015, and again August 2020, the Talbot County Council voted against removing the statue. In 2011, local officials added a statue of Frederick Douglass, the noted abolitionist, who was born a slave in 1818 at Wye House plantation near Easton.
The town was home to four franchises of the Eastern Shore Baseball League — the Farmers, Browns, Cubs, and Yankees. The Third Haven Meeting House, the oldest Quaker meeting house and one of the oldest places of worship in Maryland, is in Easton. ArtHouse Live, a resident theatre company, is also based in Easton.
In 2008, a lost painting of a Paris street scene by Édouard Cortès was discovered amongst donated items at a Goodwill Industries store in Easton. After an alert store manager noticed that it was a signed original, the painting was auctioned for $40,600 at Sotheby's.
The town of Easton seems to have received its official beginning from an Act of the Assembly of the Province of Maryland dated November 4, 1710. The act was entitled, "An Act for the Building of a Court House for Talbot County, at Armstrong's Old Field near Pitt's Bridge". Pitt's Bridge crossed a stream forming the headwaters of the Tred Avon or Third Haven River. It was located at a point where North Washington Street crosses this stream, now enclosed in culverts, north of the Talbottown Shopping Center, and passes under the Electric Plant property. Prior to this date, the court had met at York, a small settlement north of Dover Bridge. The court decided that this location was not convenient to all sections of the county and, in order to change the location, the above act of the Assembly was passed. As a result of this act, two acres of land were purchased from Philemon Armstrong, at a cost of 5,000 pounds of tobacco. Upon this tract, the same plot upon which the present Talbot County Court House now stands, the court house, a brick building 20 x 30 feet, was erected at a cost of 115,000 pounds of tobacco. The courts of the county were held in this building from 1712 until 1794. A tavern to accommodate those who attended court was one of the first buildings erected; stores and dwellings followed. The village was then known as "Talbot Court House". These were not the first buildings in the area. The frame meeting house of the Society of Friends was built between 1682 and 1684. The Wye plantation was settled in the 1650s by Welsh Puritan and wealthy planter Edward Lloyd and is owned and occupied by the 11th generation of that family.
In 2018, Easton was named one of America's top 5 coolest towns to buy a vacation home by Forbes.
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Market House in the town square of Easton during the mid-nineteenth century.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Beck
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West Beck
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West Beck
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English: Wansford Bridge, near Driffield, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.Bridge over the River Hull (or West Beck) which carries the lane between Wansford and Skerne, seen from the footpath on the river's south bank.
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West Beck is the common name given to the upper section of the old River Hull, as it rises in the foothills of the Yorkshire Wolds. After reaching Frodingham Beck at Emmotland, it becomes called the River Hull. It is noteworthy for being the most northerly chalk stream in England. It provides fly fishing for wild brown trout and grayling.
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West Beck is the common name given to the upper section of the old River Hull, as it rises in the foothills of the Yorkshire Wolds. After reaching Frodingham Beck at Emmotland, it becomes called the River Hull. It is noteworthy for being the most northerly chalk stream in England. It provides fly fishing for wild brown trout and grayling.
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Wansford Bridge spanning the West Beck
| 1,195 | 0 |
success
| null | 640 | 459 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali_Janbulad
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Ali Janbulad
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Family background
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Ali Janbulad / Family background
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English: Map of Syria in the Ottoman Empire in 1600. العربية: خريطة فرنسية تقريبية عام 1600 تظهر سوريا (بلاد الشام) حسب التقسيم الإداري العثماني آنذاك من طوروس إلى سيناء.
| null | false | false |
Ali Janbulad Pasha was a 16th/17th century Kurdish tribal chief from Kilis and a rebel Ottoman governor of Aleppo who wielded practical supremacy over Syria in c. 1606–1607. His rebellion, launched to avenge the execution of his uncle Huseyn ibn Janbulad by the commander Jigalazade Sinan Pasha in 1605, gained currency among northern Syria's Kurdish, Turkmen and Arab tribes and expanded to include local Syrian governors and chiefs, most prominently Fakhr al-Din Ma'n of Mount Lebanon and his erstwhile enemy Yusuf Sayfa Pasha of Tripoli. Ali formed a secret military alliance with the Grand Duke of Tuscany, Ferdinand I, with the explicit aim of jointly destroying the Ottoman Empire and establishing the Janbulad family as the sovereigns of Syria.
Ali's burgeoning ties with several Celali revolt leaders, whose influence spanned central Anatolia, Cilicia and part of Mesopotamia, posed a major threat to the Empire at a time in which it was at war with Austria-Hungary in the west and Safavid Iran in the east. The prospect of a foreign-backed, wide-scale rebellion in the Ottoman heartland prompted Grand Vizier Kuyucu Murad Pasha to launch an expedition against Ali.
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Ali was the grandson of Janbulad ibn Qasim al-Kurdi (d. 1572), the sanjak-bey (district governor) of Kilis, part of Aleppo Eyalet, who suppressed brigandage in the district and took part in the 1571 Ottoman conquest of Cyprus during the war with Venice (1570–1573). He belonged to a family of Kurdish tribal chieftains based in the Kurd-Dagh (Kurd Mountains) west of Kilis and Aleppo. The family name Janbulad translates from Kurdish as "soul of steel". Janbulad and his family were rewarded for their military achievements with the hereditary governorships of the sanjaks of Kilis and Ma'arra. According to the historian William Griswold, the hereditary appointments to the militarily strategic and lucrative posts were "generous and represented considerable respect" by the Sublime Porte (imperial Ottoman government in Constantinople) for Janbulad. He built at least one Sunni Muslim mosque in Kilis in 1562 before his governorship, and he or one of his family members built a bathhouse in the city.
After Janbulad's death his lands were bequeathed to his sons Huseyn and Habib. A third son, Ahmed, was Ali's father. Huseyn was a sipahi (fief-holding cavalryman) in Damascus and inherited the tribal emirate of Kilis, which he shared on a rotational arrangement with Habib. He participated in the 1578 Ottoman campaigns against the Safavids in Georgia and eastern Anatolia. Three years later he was appointed beylerbey (provincial governor) of Aleppo Eyalet, the first Kurd to attain the rank of beylerbey in Ottoman history and the first local to be appointed governor of Aleppo. In 1585 he was the lieutenant commander of Grand Vizier Sinan Pasha during the capture of Yerevan from the Safavid shah Mohammad Khodabanda. During his governorship Huseyn likely struggled against rivals seeking the post and accumulated debts. Not long after Yerevan, the Porte dismissed Huseyn and Habib from their Kilis and Ma'arra posts for unclear reasons, reassigning control of Kilis to a certain Kurd, Dev Sulayman. The authorities imprisoned Huseyn in Aleppo and sold his assets at a low price to pay back his debts and diminish his strength.
Upon his release Huseyn returned to Kilis and with his musketeers drove out Dev Suleyman and reclaimed his former hereditary lands. By 1600 he had accrued significant wealth and influence with the Porte, and a well-trained and compensated army of sekbans, as well as his Kurdish tribesmen and Turkmen and Arab tribal levies from northern Syria. Huseyn was reappointed beylerbey of Aleppo in July 1604. Aleppo was a particularly wealthy city and the revenues of its province amounted to about 3.6 million akces. Around one year later Huseyn was executed in Van by the order of the general Jigalazade Sinan Pasha for refusing join the campaign against the Safavids.
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Map of Ottoman Syria (in French) c. 1600, showing the eyalets of Aleppo, Tripoli and Damascus
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{}
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azinhoso
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Azinhoso
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Azinhoso
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Português: Igreja Matriz de Azinhoso. English: Main church in Azinhoso. (photographed by Fernando A. G. Pereira)
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Main Church in Azinhoso
| true | true |
Azinhoso is a Portuguese freguesia in the Concelho of Mogadouro. The population in 2011 was 307, in an area of 30.80 km². It was parish and capital of Concelho between 1386 and the beginning of the 19th century. In 1801 it had 302 inhabitants.
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Azinhoso is a Portuguese freguesia ("civil parish") in the Concelho of Mogadouro. The population in 2011 was 307, in an area of 30.80 km². It was parish and capital of Concelho between 1386 and the beginning of the 19th century. In 1801 it had 302 inhabitants.
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Main Church in Azinhoso
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Condor_(APC)
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Condor (APC)
| null |
Condor (APC)
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English: Malaysian Condor on exhibition during Malaysian Armed Forces 80th anniversary.
| null | true | true |
The Condor is a 4×4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier originally designed by Thyssen-Henschel of Germany and manufactured by Henschel Wehrtechnik GmbH. The first prototype was completed in 1978. The Condor was designed as a successor to its UR-416 APC. The upgraded Condor 2 was first sold in 2004. Today, the Condor is considered a legacy product of Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles, part of Rheinmetall's Vehicle Systems Division. The nearest vehicle to the Condor in RMMV's current product range is the Survivor R.
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The Condor is a 4×4 wheeled armoured personnel carrier originally designed by Thyssen-Henschel of Germany and manufactured by Henschel Wehrtechnik GmbH. The first prototype was completed in 1978. The Condor was designed as a successor to its UR-416 APC. The upgraded Condor 2 was first sold in 2004. Today, the Condor is considered a legacy product of Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles, part of Rheinmetall's Vehicle Systems Division. The nearest vehicle to the Condor in RMMV's current product range is the Survivor R.
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A Condor of the Malaysian Army.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xenophobia_in_South_Africa
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Xenophobia in South Africa
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Attacks against Somali entrepreneurs
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Xenophobia in South Africa / Attacks in 2013–19 / Attacks against Somali entrepreneurs
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English: "Say No to Xenophobia", Harold Cressy High School, Cape Town, South Africa
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Prior to 1994, immigrants from elsewhere faced discrimination and even violence in South Africa. After majority rule in 1994, contrary to expectations, the incidence of xenophobia increased. Between 2000 and March 2008, at least 67 people died in what were identified as xenophobic attacks. In May 2008, a series of attacks left 62 people dead; although 21 of those killed were South African citizens. The attacks were motivated by xenophobia. In 2015, another nationwide spike in xenophobic attacks against immigrants in general prompted a number of foreign governments to begin repatriating their citizens. A Pew Research poll conducted in 2018 showed that 62% of South Africans viewed immigrants as a burden on society by taking jobs and social benefits and that 61% of South Africans thought that immigrants were more responsible for crime than other groups. Between 2010 and 2017 the immigrant community in South Africa increased from 2 million people to 4 million people.
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On 30 May 2013, 25-year-old Abdi Nasir Mahmoud Good, was stoned to death. The violence was captured on a mobile phone and shared on the Internet.
Three Somali shopkeepers had been killed in June 2013 and the Somali government requested the South African authorities to do more to protect their nationals. Among those murdered were two brothers who were allegedly hacked to death. The attacks led to public outcry and worldwide protests by the Somali diaspora, in Cape Town, London and Minneapolis.
South African Foreign Minister Maite Nkoana-Mashabane expressed the government's "strongest condemnation" of the violence which had seen looting and the death of a Somali shopkeeper. Somali Prime Minister Abdi Farah Shirdon expressed concern for the safety of Somalis in South Africa, calling on the government there to intervene to stop violence against Somali people after deadly attacks in Pretoria and Port Elizabeth.
On 7 June 2014, a Somali national, in his 50s, was reportedly stoned to death and two others were seriously injured when the angry mob of locals attacked their shop in extension 6, late on Saturday. Three more Somalis were wounded from gunshots and shops were looted.
After another round of xenophobic violence against Somali entrepreneurs in April 2015, Somalia's government announced that it would evacuate its citizens from South Africa.
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Anti-xenophobia poster, Harold Cressy High School, Cape Town 2014
| 1,205 | 0 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Africa
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Catholic Church in Africa
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Catholic Church in Africa
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Português: Mapa da porcentagem de católicos na ÁfricaEnglish: Map of Catholic population percentages in Africa
| null | false | false |
The Catholic Church in Africa refers to parts of the Catholic Church in the various countries in the continent of Africa.
Christian activity in Africa began in the 1st century when the Patriarchate of Alexandria in Egypt was formed as one of the four original Patriarchs of the East.
However, the Islamic conquest in the 7th century resulted in a harsh decline for Christianity in northern Africa.
Yet, at least outside the Islamic majority parts of northern Africa, the presence of the Catholic Church has recovered and grown in the modern era in Africa as a whole, one of the reasons being the French colonization of several countries in Africa. Catholic Church membership rose from 2 million in 1900 to 140 million in 2000. In 2005, the Catholic Church in Africa, including Eastern Catholic Churches, embraced approximately 135 million of the 809 million people in Africa. In 2009, when Pope Benedict XVI visited Africa, it was estimated at 158 million. Most belong to the Latin Church, but there are also millions of members of the Eastern Catholic Churches. By 2025, one-sixth of the world's Catholics are expected to be Africans.
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The Catholic Church in Africa refers to parts of the Catholic Church in the various countries in the continent of Africa.
Christian activity in Africa began in the 1st century when the Patriarchate of Alexandria in Egypt was formed as one of the four original Patriarchs of the East (the others being Constantinople, Antioch, and Jerusalem).
However, the Islamic conquest in the 7th century resulted in a harsh decline for Christianity in northern Africa.
Yet, at least outside the Islamic majority parts of northern Africa, the presence of the Catholic Church has recovered and grown in the modern era in Africa as a whole, one of the reasons being the French colonization of several countries in Africa. Catholic Church membership rose from 2 million in 1900 to 140 million in 2000. In 2005, the Catholic Church in Africa, including Eastern Catholic Churches, embraced approximately 135 million of the 809 million people in Africa. In 2009, when Pope Benedict XVI visited Africa, it was estimated at 158 million. Most belong to the Latin Church, but there are also millions of members of the Eastern Catholic Churches. By 2025, one-sixth (230 million) of the world's Catholics are expected to be Africans.
The world's largest seminary is in Nigeria, which borders on Cameroon in western Africa, and Africa produces a large percentage of the world's priests. As of June 26, 2020, there are also 29 Cardinals from Africa, out of 222, and 400,000 catechists. Cardinal Peter Turkson, formerly Archbishop of Cape Coast, Ghana, is Africa's youngest Cardinal at 64 years old, and was also one of several prelates from Africa estimated as papabile for the Papacy in the last papal conclave of 2013.
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Catholicism in africa by percentage
| 1,213 | 0 |
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| 600 | 609 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W._P._Carey_School_of_Business
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W. P. Carey School of Business
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Programs
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W. P. Carey School of Business / Programs
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English: A panorama of McCord Hall, a building housing the w:W. P. Carey School of Business in w:Arizona State University at the Tempe campus.
| null | false | true |
The W. P. Carey School of Business is the business school of Arizona State University and is one of the largest business schools in the United States, with over 250 faculty, and more than 1,000 graduate and 10,000 undergraduate students. The school was named for William P. Carey following his $50 million gift in 2003. In 2014, the W. P. Carey School was ranked 22nd in the world for economics and business by Shanghai Jiao Tong University's Academic Ranking of World Universities.
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W. P. Carey offers two undergraduate degrees: a Bachelor of Science degree with option of nine business majors and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Business with several concentration options that combines core business courses with a focus in one of 16 interdisciplinary areas from other colleges. The W. P. Carey undergraduate business program is ranked 27th in the nation overall by US News & World Report. The W. P. Carey graduate programs office offers several different way for students to receive their Master's of Business Administration: Full-Time, Evening, Weekend, and Executive.
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McCord Hall opened in 2013 as a home for the W. P. Carey School's MBA programs.
| 1,210 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 3,864 | 640 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2007_Alnwick_District_Council_election
|
2007 Alnwick District Council election
| null |
2007 Alnwick District Council election
|
English: A map of the results of the 2007 Alnwick Council election. Colour legend by wards won:    Liberal Democrats    Conservative party    Independent    Labour
| null | false | true |
Elections to Alnwick District Council were held for the final time on 3 May 2007. The whole council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control. The council was abolished in 2009 when Northumberland County Council became a unitary authority.
|
Elections to Alnwick District Council were held for the final time on 3 May 2007. The whole council was up for election and the council stayed under no overall control. The council was abolished in 2009 when Northumberland County Council became a unitary authority.
|
Map of the results of the 2007 Alnwick council election. Liberal Democrats in yellow, Conservatives in blue, Independents in white and Labour in red.
| 1,221 | 0 |
success
| null | 605 | 480 |
{}
| 605 | 480 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurasian_lynx
|
Eurasian lynx
|
Taxonomy
|
Eurasian lynx / Taxonomy
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Eurasian Lynx of Scandinavian type (Lynx lynx lynx) Photo: ToB, June 26th 2003
| null | false | true |
The Eurasian lynx is a medium-sized wild cat occurring from Northern, Central and Eastern Europe to Central Asia and Siberia, the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalayas. It inhabits temperate and boreal forests up to an altitude of 5,500 m.
Because of its wide distribution, it has been listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2008. It is threatened by habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching and depletion of prey. The Eurasian lynx population in Europe is estimated at comprising maximum 10,000 individuals and is considered stable.
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Felis lynx was the scientific name used in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus in his work Systema Naturae.
In the 19th and 20th centuries, the following Eurasian lynx subspecies were proposed:
Northern lynx (L. l. lynx) Linnaeus, 1758: Fennoscandia, Baltic states, Poland, Belarus, European part of eastern, western, northern, central part of Russia, Ural Mountains, Western Siberia east to the Yenisei river
Turkestan lynx (L. l. isabellinus) Blyth, 1847: Central Asia
Caucasian lynx (L. l. dinniki) Satunin, 1915: Caucasus
Siberian lynx (L. l. wrangeli) Ognew, 1928: Eastern Siberia
Balkan lynx (L. l. balcanicus) Bures, 1941: Balkans
Carpathian lynx (L. l. carpathicus) Kratochvil & Stollmann, 1963: Carpathian Mountains, Central Europe
The following subspecies were also described, but are now not considered valid:
Altai lynx (L. l. wardi) Lydekker, 1904: Altai Mountains
Baikal lynx (L. l. kozlovi) Fetisov, 1950: Central Siberia
Amur lynx (L. l. stroganovi) Heptner, 1969: Amur region
The Sardinian lynx (L. l. sardiniae) Mola, 1908 was a misidentified Sardinian wild cat.
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Northern lynx (Lynx lynx lynx), mounted
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| null | 640 | 480 |
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| 640 | 480 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WHIPS
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WHIPS
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WHIPS
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Photos from a 7-day test drive of the 2013 Volvo XC60. More information can be found at: www.hightechdad.com
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Whiplash Protection System is a system to protect against automotive whiplash injuries introduced by Volvo in 1998. It was launched when the Volvo S80 was released for the 1999 model year and has since been part of the standard equipment of all new Volvo cars.
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Whiplash Protection System (WHIPS) is a system to protect against automotive whiplash injuries introduced by Volvo in 1998. It was launched when the Volvo S80 was released for the 1999 model year and has since been part of the standard equipment of all new Volvo cars.
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WHIPS head restraints in XC60
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icarus
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Icarus
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Classical literature
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Icarus / Classical literature
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English: The Sun or the Fall of Icarus, 1819 (dated and signed). Français : Le Soleil, ou la Chute d'Ircare, 1819 (daté et signé).
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In Greek mythology, Icarus is the son of the master craftsman Daedalus, the creator of the Labyrinth. Icarus and his father attempt to escape from Crete by means of wings that his father constructed from feathers and wax. Icarus' father warns him first of complacency and then of hubris, asking that he fly neither too low nor too high, so the sea's dampness would not clog his wings nor the sun's heat melt them. Icarus ignored his father's instructions not to fly too close to the sun; when the wax in his wings melted he tumbled out of the sky and fell into the sea where he drowned, sparking the idiom "don't fly too close to the sun".
This tragic theme of failure at the hands of hubris contains similarities to that of Phaethon.
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Icarus' flight was often alluded to by Greek poets in passing, but the story was told briefly in Pseudo-Apollodorus. In the literature of ancient Rome, the myth was of interest to Augustan writers. Hyginus narrates it in Fabula 40, beginning with the bovine love affair of Pasiphaë, daughter of the Sun, resulting in the birth of the Minotaur. Ovid narrates the story of Icarus at some length in the Metamorphoses (viii.183–235), and refers to it elsewhere.
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The Sun, or the Fall of Icarus (1819) by Merry-Joseph Blondel, in the Rotunda of Apollo at the Louvre
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_of_the_Dukes_of_Bourbon
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Château of the Dukes of Bourbon
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Château of the Dukes of Bourbon
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The castle of Montluçon (France) I took this photo in July 2006
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The Château of the Dukes of Bourbon is a castle in Montluçon, France, largely built by the Dukes of Bourbon.
In 1070, Guillaume, son of Archambaud IV of Bourbon became Seigneur of Montluçon and built a fortress on a castrum.
The English occupied the Castle of Montluçon from 1171 to 1188. After that invasion, Philip Augustus handed it over to the Bourbon family. The latter transformed it into a stronghold.
The remainder of the castle was built starting from 1370, at the heart of the Hundred Years' War, by Louis II, Duke of Bourbon.
The edifice was surrounded by a double row of ramparts, was drilled by four doors and counted forty-one watchtowers. During the unification of the Bourbonnais to the crown of France, during the reign of Francis I, the castle was abandoned. Louis II Duke of Bourbon, was the main contributor to the construction of the castle. It was started during the Hundred Years' War, but people still worked on it on the eve of the Renaissance. In the first half of the 14th century, Louis II, Duke of Bourbon and his successors raised the big abode, more or less such as it is today.
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The Château of the Dukes of Bourbon is a castle in Montluçon, France, largely built by the Dukes of Bourbon.
In 1070, Guillaume, son of Archambaud IV of Bourbon (died 1095) became Seigneur of Montluçon and built a fortress on a castrum.
The English occupied the Castle of Montluçon from 1171 to 1188. After that invasion, Philip Augustus handed it over to the Bourbon family. The latter transformed it into a stronghold.
The remainder of the castle was built starting from 1370, at the heart of the Hundred Years' War, by Louis II, Duke of Bourbon.
The edifice was surrounded by a double row of ramparts, was drilled by four doors and counted forty-one watchtowers. During the unification of the Bourbonnais to the crown of France, during the reign of Francis I, the castle was abandoned. Louis II Duke of Bourbon, was the main contributor to the construction of the castle. It was started during the Hundred Years' War, but people still worked on it on the eve of the Renaissance. In the first half of the 14th century, Louis II, Duke of Bourbon and his successors raised the big abode, more or less such as it is today. The square tower, the opening of the East facade, the North wing and the Clock Tower are dated from the middle of the 15th century and belong to three construction campaigns, the two first ones being very close to each other. Finally, during the last half of the 15th century, the gallery was raised on the court, and the North inside was embellished.
These varied constructions, even though quite modern, enable us to follow the well-known evolution that was produced in the French military architecture during the 15th century. Louis II came up with the idea of a real fortified castle that he couldn’t achieve, and which was embellished by his successors, with a gallery, an elegant turret and wide openings, became a place of pleasure for the last Dukes of Bourbon.
It has been abandoned since 1527.
After 1662, the princes of Condé, became lords tenants of crown lands of the Bourbonnais, conceded the castle to a farmer and they became totally disinterested by it. This one is in a very poor shape according to Nicolas de Nicolay who observed that "without really taking care of the roof the castle fell in ruins, which was a "big shame".
During the Revolution, only the coats of arms of the Dukes of Bourbon were destroyed from the Clock Tower. Then the police court, took its place in one of the rooms of the castle which, because of its size, served also as a place of meeting for the General Assembly of the inhabitants.
The city of Montluçon bought the castle from Louis Joseph (the Prince of Condé at the time) on 8 April 1816 in order to do an infantry barracks. From that moment, the most deplorable demolitions happened.
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Montluçon castle
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{}
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Santiago_Maldonado
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Death of Santiago Maldonado
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Reactions
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Death of Santiago Maldonado / Reactions
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Manifestantes y cartel en frente del consulado argentino en Colonia del Sacramento: Dónde está Santiago Maldonado?
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The death of Santiago Maldonado refers to the drowning of an Argentine activist who went missing after the Argentine National Gendarmerie dispersed a demonstration against the Benetton Group's activities in Mapuche territory in Cushamen Department, Chubut Province, Argentina, on August 1 2017. Maldonado's body was found in October in the nearby Chubut River. The autopsy of the body indicated that Santiago's cause of death was "drowning by immersion in the water of the Chubut River, contributed by hypothermia", that it was a "traumatic death", that there were no signs of violence, and that the body had stayed underwater for at least 55 days. In November, a commission of 55 forensic experts asserted that Maldonado died by asphyxia and hypothermia, and that there were no evidence of blows or injuries to his body. Maldonado's family continue to believe he was a victim of a forced disappearance.
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Kirchnerism and human rights organizations exploited the case to advance a political discourse against Macri. Treating the case like a forced disappearance allowed to draw comparisons between his government and the Dirty War that took place during the National Reorganization Process, in the 1970s. According to this narrative, Macri would have a covert plan to kidnap and kill demonstrators, the gendarmerie, the judiciary and the media would be working alongside Macri in such a plan, and Maldonado would be just the first victim of it. Human rights organizations had aligned themselves with the Kirchners during the government of both Néstor and Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, even in topics unrelated to human rights, and often worked as their spokesmen. They kept this role since 2015, when Macri defeated Cristina Kirchner in the presidential elections. This, however, undermined their legitimacy in the Argentine society, as an increasingly portion of the population loses interest in the events of the 1970s, and their public image got tied to that of Cristina Kirchner.
The disappearance of Maldonado has also mobilized international human rights organizations, such as Amnesty International and Human Rights Watch. In Buenos Aires, La Plata, Bariloche, Mar del Plata, Bahía Blanca, General Madariaga, Mendoza, Malargüe, El Bolsón, Rawson, Viedma, Gualeguaychú, Rosario and Neuquen thousands of people marched in demonstrations demanding that Maldonado appears alive and the resignation of Bullrich. People also marched to demand that Santiago Maldonado is brought back alive in Bogotá (Colombia), Asunción (Paraguay), Montevideo (Uruguay), Canelones and Fray Bentos (Uruguay). In Spain, several Argentine residents marched to Plaça de Catalunya to ask for Santiago Maldonado. On August 11, there was a large mass demonstration in Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires. On August 21, during the 49th ordinary session of PARLASUR, in Montevideo, Argentine representatives condemned the disappearance of Santiago Maldonado.
The disappearance of Maldonado took place shortly before the 2017 midterm elections. Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, leader of one of the opposition parties, mentioned the case repeatedly during her rallies. Kirchner and several Kirchnerite politicians used it to draw controversial comparisons between the presidency of Mauricio Macri and the 1970s Dirty War. However, political analysts consider that the case is unlikely to affect the election results, and that the aggressive rhetoric of Kirchner may actually scare independent voters and increase the chances of the Cambiemos official coalition. the corpse of Maldonado was found a few days before the elections. By the time of voting, the Maldonado family had confirmed his identity and the initial autopsy revealed no signs of violence against the body; the official results of the full autopsy would be released a pair of weeks later.
August 30 is the International Day of the Disappeared, and several teachers affiliated to the CTERA union mentioned the event during school classes. This action was rejected by groups of parents because it described the involvement of the Gendarmerie as a confirmed fact, and it was considered a case of political indoctrination.
The Macri administration first negated the disappearance of Maldonado. As the days went by, members of Mr. Macri's cabinet send contradictory messages.
On September 1, 2017, a month after Santiago Maldonado's disappearance, thousands of people expressed themselves through rallies and demonstrations asking for his appearance alive. The largest demonstration took place in Plaza de Mayo and was organized by Grandmothers of the Plaza de Mayo, Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo (Línea Fundadora), Relatives of the Disappeared and Imprisoned for Political Reasons, HIJOS, the Center for Legal and Social Studies (CELS), the Argentine League for the Rights of Man, and the Permanent Assembly for Human Rights, among other organizations. In other cities, such as Mendoza, Mar del Plata, San Luis, San Juan, Neuquén, Salta, Posadas, Jujuy, Santiago del Estero,
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Demonstrators in Uruguay ask for the whereabouts of Santiago Maldonado
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| 1,747 | 680 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Canadian_damselflies
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List of Canadian damselflies
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Genus Argia, Dancers
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List of Canadian damselflies / Family Coenagrionidae, Pond Damsels / Genus Argia, Dancers
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English: Powdered Dancer (Argia moesta) damselfly perched near Spring Creek in Garland, Texas.
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This is a list of damselflies of Canada.
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Argia alberta, Paiute Dancer
Argia apicalis, Blue-fronted Dancer
Argia bipunctulata, Seepage Dancer
Argia emma, Emma's Dancer
Argia fumipennis, Variable Dancer and Violet Dancer
Argia moesta, Powdered Dancer
Argia plana, Springwater Dancer
Argia tibialis, Blue-tipped Dancer
Argia translata, Dusky Dancer
Argia vivida, Vivid Dancer
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Powdered Dancer (Argia moesta)
| 1,224 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sogndal
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Sogndal
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Industrial revolution
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Sogndal / History / Industrial revolution
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See above
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Sogndal is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located on the northern shore of the Sognefjorden in the traditional district of Sogn. The village of Hermansverk is the administrative center of Sogndal municipality. Other villages include Kaupanger, Kjørnes, Fimreite, Nornes, and Fjærland. Sogndal Airport, Haukåsen is located 10 kilometres southwest of Kaupanger.
The Norwegian dialect spoken in Sogndal is called sognamål.
In 1917, a farmer in Sogndal plowed up the Eggja stone, a gravestone with runic inscriptions important for the history of the Old Norse language.
The 1,258-square-kilometre municipality is the 83rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Sogndal is the 97th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 11,847. The municipality's population density is 9.6 inhabitants per square kilometre and its population has increased by 12.2% over the previous 10-year period.
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The center of Sogndal, Sogndalsfjøra has a long and remarkable history as a seaside settlement. It probably served as the center of the parish for centuries, with general stores and bakeries testifying to its early importance as a center of commerce and trade.
This was a community characterized by vigorous activity. There were boat landings for farmers living alongside the fjord, military functions were established here, and later on, house owners would rent rooms to the first students of the newly established folk high school. Legal assemblies were held at Hofslund, the vicar lived just nearby, and the church was located within sight at Stedje.
Sogndalsfjøra was inhabited as early as the 17th century. By 1701, the number of permanent residents had reached 60-70, mainly people who did not own property but made their living as day laborers. A century later, the population had increased to 222, and by 1900, 422 residents were registered.
Towards the end of the 19th century, the industrial base had been widened and strengthened. In 1881, there were house painters, a goldsmith, saddlers, carpenters, shoemakers, watchmakers, a tinker, and a butcher. Ten years later, Sogndalsfjøra had its own insurance agent, a telephone operator, an ”automobile chauffeur”, a photographer, and a printer. Sogndalsfjøra was no longer a slum, it was becoming a center of trade, commerce and education.
Sogndal has never been a typical industrial community. Situated along the river 300 metres (980 ft) upstream from the fjord, there was a matchstick factory from the mid-19th century onwards. Later, a wool mill and a bottling plant for soft drinks and fruit juices were added. In 1911, a hydroelectric power station with a 200 kilowatt generator was built here. This was one of the region's first power stations, in fact one of the very first in rural Norway.
On the other side of the river is the Stedje Mill, a turbine-driven grain mill that was of great importance to Sogndal and the neighboring parishes during the early 20th century. It was established in 1893 and remained in use until the 1960s, owned and run by the same family through three generations.
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Sogndalsfjøra
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| 3,584 | 2,321 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croft_Circuit
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Croft Circuit
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History
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Croft Circuit / History
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Fabrizio Giovanardi driving a Vauxhall at the Croft round of the 2008 British Touring Car Championship.
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Croft Circuit is a motor racing circuit located near Dalton-on-Tees in North Yorkshire, England. The tarmac circuit is just over 2 miles long and is based on the lands of an airfield, but has long since moved on from being a basic airfield circuit. The circuit holds meetings of the British Touring Car Championship, British Rallycross and Pickup Truck Racing race series.
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The first records of racing at Croft date back to the 1920s, but it was after the Second World War that Croft circuit became a significant motorsport venue.
At the beginning of the Second World War an airfield named RAF Croft was built on the site now occupied by the circuit. RAF Croft also known as Croft Aerodrome, was mainly used as a bomber airfield. It was home to a number of different aircraft types including Wellington, Lancaster, Whitley, Stirling and Halifax bombers.
There were a number of notorious accidents mainly involving returning bombers missing their runway. One bomber made it all the way back from Germany only to crash into a tree at Atley Hill, about 4 miles (6 km) away; all the crew were killed. The dead stump of the tree survived as a grim memorial on Atley Hill until it was grubbed out by the landowner in the mid 1990s.
Croft Aerodrome was home to a number of squadrons including 419 Squadron from Canada. The platforms at the nearby Eryholme railway station were often crowded with airmen and ground crew during the war years. The verges along the public access road to Croft Aerodrome were used to store racks of bombs and other military equipment, a fascinating attraction to local children at the time.
At the end of hostilities the aerodrome was abandoned by the RAF, it is still possible to see some military era buildings and structures surviving on nearby farmland, though most of the major structures such as hangars have been demolished and used as hardcore in the nearby villages of North Cowton, Dalton-on-Tees and Croft-on-Tees.
In 1947 businessman and councillor John Neasham acquired the lease to the land and formed Darlington and District Aero Club. However, the club folded after only 5 years and the airfield fell into disuse.
During the late 1940s and into the 1950s, Darlington & District Motor Club held Motor Race Meetings on various layouts utilising the runways and perimeter roads and then in 1962 Bruce Ropner and fellow enthusiasts bought half the venue at public auction, completing a track on the site in July 1964. The first meeting in August 1964, attracted a crowd of between 30,000 and 50,000 people.
Over the years the circuit has played host to many famous names and has hosted national and international meetings. However, slowly attention focussed on circuits in the south of England such as Brands Hatch, Silverstone and Lydden and in December 1967 Croft began hosting Rallycross. The events were utilised by ITV's World Of Sport and were televised live. Whilst Rallycross was considered to be a winter sport, circuit racing continued. By 1981 the profitability had fallen and with the circuit requiring a total resurfacing, it closed to circuit racing. Local farmer, George Shield, agreed a lease to run Rallycross and, in conjunction with Darlington & District Motor Club, successfully developed the track for this sport. Croft held the FIA Internations-Cup events of 1987 and 1990 as well as the 1994 British round of the FIA European Rallycross Championship.
With the attention brought by Rallycross the decision was taken to reintroduce tarmac racing and became a popular host of motorcycle and car racing.
In 1997 the circuit underwent a major transformation - the circuit was extended to 2.127 miles (3.423 km) and new pits, paddock complex, control tower and spectator areas were constructed.
British Touring Cars and British Superbikes soon came to the circuit. British Superbikes remained a regular feature until 2011, while British Touring Cars remain a regular feature on the calendar.
A regular Monster Energy British Rallycross Championship fixture continues the long history of Rallycross at Croft. The MSA British RallyCross Grand Prix featured at Croft in 2013.
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Fabrizio Giovanardi at the complex.
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success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SCR-270
|
SCR-270
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Deployment and Incomprehension
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SCR-270 / Deployment and Incomprehension
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English: Original Caption: Radio set SR-271-D at Evans Signal laboratory show shelter for components and operating personnel, 100 foot tower, and antennae modified for PPI display. IFF antenna is shown top center on radar antenna. This is the non portable version of the SR-270 which was otherwise identical in capabilities and equipment to the SR-270. alteration- this version has a border cropped which credits the photo to Lieutenant Zahl. Original at the above location. This photo is credited to First Lieutenant Harold Zahl, who pioneered Radar use by the Army air corps. The photo appears in a paper by him from the period. these photos would not have been saved were it not for Dr. Howard W. Andrews, who had the foresight to preserve them along with Lieutenant (Dr.) Zahl's papers for posterity. Credit and thanks to H.W. Andrews for preseving these photos.
| null | false | true |
The SCR-270 was one of the first operational early-warning radars. It was the U.S. Army's primary long-distance radar throughout World War II and was deployed around the world. Its also known as the Pearl Harbor Radar, since it was an SCR-270 set that detected the incoming raid about 45 minutes before the December 7, 1941, attack on Pearl Harbor commenced.
Two versions were produced, the mobile SCR-270, and the fixed SCR-271 which used the same electronics but used an antenna with somewhat greater resolution. An upgraded version, the SCR-289, was also produced, but saw little use. The -270 versions were eventually replaced by newer microwave units based on cavity magnetron that was introduced to the US during the Tizard Mission. The only early warning system of the sort to see action in World War II was the AN/CPS-1, which was available in mid-1944, in time for D-day.
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The non portable version, the SCR-271-A, s/n 1 was delivered to the Canal Zone and began operation in October 1940 at Fort Sherman on the Atlantic end of the Panama Canal. It picked up airliners at 117 miles (188 km) in its initial test run. The second set was set up on Fort Grant's Taboga Island on the Pacific end of the Canal by December 1940, thus giving radar coverage to the vitally important but vulnerable Panama Canal. Westinghouse quickly ramped up production, and produced 100 by the end of 1941.
Operators of sets that were sent to the Panama canal, the Philippines, Hawaii and other strategic locations were all gathered for an air defense school at Mitchel Field, New York in April 1941. The school was the culmination of efforts begun in 1940, when the War Department created the Air Defense Command headed by Brig. Gen. James E. Chaney. Chaney was tasked by Hap Arnold to collect all information on the British air defense system and transfer the knowledge as quickly as possible to the US military. Air Marshal Dowding, one of the designers of the Ground-controlled interception (GCI) air defense system used during the Battle of Britain, was at the school and discussed with the American generals the design and urgency of establishing the Hawaiian system, in particular emphasizing the need for thorough radar site coverage along the coasts.
Despite the high level attention and the excellence of the school in training on the use of the SCR-270 and its integration and coordination with fighter intercepts, the army did not follow through on supporting the junior officers who were trained at this session. Air defense required direct control of assets spread out over disparate units; anti aircraft guns, radars, and interceptor aircraft were not under a unified command. This had been one of the primary problems identified by Robert Watson-Watt prior to the war, when a demonstration of an early radar system had gone comically wrong even though the radar system itself had worked perfectly. Dowding was well aware of the importance of a unified command, but this knowledge did not result in changes within the U.S. Army structure.
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Non portable version: the SCR-271 at Camp Evans[3]
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/SCR-271-D-600.jpg
| 1,218 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 2,141 | 2,648 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rewe-Zentral_AG_v_Bundesmonopolverwaltung_f%C3%BCr_Branntwein
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Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein
| null |
Rewe-Zentral AG v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein
| null | null | true | false |
Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein Case C-120/78, popularly known as Cassis de Dijon after its subject matter, is an EU law decision of the European Court of Justice. The Court held that a regulation applying to both imported and to domestic goods that produces an effect equivalent to a quantitative import restriction is an unlawful restriction on the free movement of goods. The case is a seminal judicial interpretation of article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. In the same ruling, the Court established the so-called rule of reason, allowing non-discriminatory restrictive measures to be justified on grounds other than those listed in article 34 TFEU.
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Rewe-Zentral v Bundesmonopolverwaltung für Branntwein (1979) Case C-120/78, popularly known as Cassis de Dijon after its subject matter, is an EU law decision of the European Court of Justice. The Court held that a regulation applying to both imported and to domestic goods (an "indistinctly applicable measure") that produces an effect equivalent to a quantitative import restriction is an unlawful restriction on the free movement of goods. The case is a seminal judicial interpretation of article 34 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union. In the same ruling, the Court established the so-called rule of reason, allowing non-discriminatory restrictive measures to be justified on grounds other than those listed in article 34 TFEU.
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European Court of Justice
| 1,232 | 0 |
failed_to_resize
| null | null | null | null | null | null |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Narumi_Takahashi
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Narumi Takahashi
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Partnership with Tran
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Narumi Takahashi / Career / Partnership with Tran
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Narumi Takahashi and Mervin Tran at the 2011 Four Continents Championships.
| null | false | true |
Narumi Takahashi is a Japanese retired pair skater and six-time Japanese national champion. With former partner Mervin Tran, she was the 2012 World bronze medalist, the 2010 Junior World silver medalist, and the 2010–11 Junior Grand Prix Final champion. They were the first pair to win a World medal for Japan. She has also skated with Ryo Shibata, Ryuichi Kihara and Alexandr Zaboev.
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Takahashi moved to Montreal, Quebec after two years of corresponding with Richard Gauthier, whom she met at a competition in China. Gauthier began looking for a partner for her in Canada. Bruno Marcotte recommended Mervin Tran, who until that point had been a single skater. Tran agreed to come to Montreal for a tryout and the pair began training together in July 2007. During their career together, they trained in St. Leonard and received funding from the Japanese skating association.
Takahashi/Tran made their international debut on the 2007–2008 ISU Junior Grand Prix, where they placed 12th and 6th at their events. They won the Japan Junior Championships and earned a trip to 2008 Junior Worlds, where they placed 15th.
In the 2008–2009 season, Takahashi/Tran placed 4th at their first Junior Grand Prix event. They won the bronze medal at their second event, qualifying them for the 2008-2009 ISU Junior Grand Prix Final, where they placed 7th. They won the senior title at the 2008–2009 Japanese Championships. At the 2009 Junior Worlds, they placed 7th.
During the 2009–2010 season, Takahashi/Tran competed on the Junior Grand Prix circuit. They won the bronze medal at their first event and gold at their second event, which qualified them for the 2009–2010 Junior Grand Prix Final. They also debuted on the senior Grand Prix series with an 8th-place finish at NHK Trophy. They won silver at the JGP Final and at the Junior World Championships. They became the second pair representing Japan to medal at an ISU Championships (Yuko Kavaguti / Alexander Markuntsov were the first pair when they won silver in 2001).
During the 2010–2011 season, Takahashi/Tran won silver medals at their JGP events and qualified for the Junior Grand Prix Final. They won gold at the event, becoming the first pair representing Japan to win the title. They also won their first medals on the senior Grand Prix series, a bronze at 2010 NHK Trophy, and then silver at 2010 Cup of Russia. As a result, they were first alternates to the senior Grand Prix Final. They won the bronze medal at the 2011 Junior Worlds. They also made their senior World Championships debut, finishing 9th.
During the 2011–2012 season, Takahashi/Tran's first Grand Prix assignment was 2011 Skate Canada International, where they finished fourth. They won the silver medal at their second event, 2011 NHK Trophy. In November 2011, Tran said he was considering pursuing Japanese citizenship in order to allow the couple to compete at the Olympics but said it was a difficult decision because it would mean giving up his Canadian citizenship. They became the first Japanese pair to qualify for the senior Grand Prix Final.
At the 2012 World Championships, Takahashi/Tran placed third in both programs and won the bronze medal. They became the first pair to medal for Japan at a senior World Championships. They placed third at the 2012 World Team Trophy. In April 2012, Tran said he would continue to consider an application for Japanese citizenship and the president of the Japanese Olympic Committee said he was "willing to make a special request (on behalf of Tran) to the government if necessary." In May 2012, a government official said it would be difficult to naturalize Tran because he had never resided in Japan.
In April 2012, Takahashi dislocated her left shoulder while practicing a lift. After five or six recurrences, she decided to undergo surgery on October 30. As a result, the pair withdrew from their 2012–2013 Grand Prix events, the 2012 Cup of China and 2012 NHK Trophy. They said they would miss about four to six months. On December 18, 2012, the Japanese Skating Federation announced that the pair had ended their partnership.
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Takahashi/Tran in 2011
| 1,230 | 0 |
success
| null | 378 | 567 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toyota_Sienta
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Toyota Sienta
| null |
Toyota Sienta
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English: 2016 Toyota Sienta 1.5 V (NSP170R)
| null | true | true |
The Toyota Sienta is a mini MPV with sliding doors manufactured by Toyota. It was introduced in September 2003, based on the Vitz subcompact car, and is available at all Japanese network dealerships. The Sienta is currently sold in Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, Laos and Thailand. The Sienta will be coming soon in Brazil, Cambodia, China, Malaysia, Philippines, United Arab Emirates, United States & Vietnam.
The "Sienta" name is derived from the Spanish word "siete", which means "seven" and English word "entertain".
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The Toyota Sienta (Japanese: トヨタ・シエンタ, Toyota Shienta) is a mini MPV with sliding doors manufactured by Toyota. It was introduced in September 2003, based on the Vitz subcompact car, and is available at all Japanese network dealerships. The Sienta is currently sold in Japan, Hong Kong, Singapore, Indonesia, Taiwan, Laos and Thailand. The Sienta will be coming soon in Brazil, Cambodia, China, Malaysia, Philippines, United Arab Emirates, United States & Vietnam.
The "Sienta" name is derived from the Spanish word "siete", which means "seven" (referring to its maximum passenger capacity) and English word "entertain".
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2016 Toyota Sienta 1.5 V (NSP170, Indonesia)
| 1,220 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luminous_gemstones
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Luminous gemstones
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Gem mining legends
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Luminous gemstones / Mythological luminosity / Gem mining legends
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Français : fluorescence de cristaux de scheelite et de mica var. muscovite sous rayonnement ultra-violet.
| null | false | false |
Folktales about luminous gemstones are an almost worldwide motif in mythology and history among Asian, European, African, and American cultures. Some stories about light-emitting gems may have been based on luminescent and phosphorescent minerals such as diamonds.
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Second, there are stories about miners finding luminous gems at night and extracting them by day (Ball 1938: 500-501). One notable exception is Pliny's c. 77 CE Natural History that describes finding carbuncles in the daytime, some kinds "doe glitter and shine of their owne nature: by reason whereof, they are discovered soone wheresoever they lie, by the reverberation of the Sun-beams" (Harvey 1957: 34).
In the 1st century BCE, the Greek historians Diodorus Siculus (c. 90-30) and Strabo (c. 63-24) both record the peridot (gem-quality olivine) mine of Egyptian king Ptolemy II Philadelphus (r. 285–246 BCE) on the barren, forbidden island of Ophiodes (Ὀφιώδηςνήσος, "Snakey") or Topazios (Τοπάζιος, "Topaz"), modern Zabargad Island, off the ancient Red Sea port Berenice Troglodytica.
Diodorus says Philadelphus exterminated the "divers sorts of dreadful Serpents" that formerly infested on the island on account of the "Topaz, a resplendent Stone, of a delightful Aspect, like to Glass, of a Golden colour, and of admirable brightness; and therefore all were forbidden to set footing upon that Place; and if any landed there, he was presently put to death by the Keepers of the Island." The Egyptian mining technique relied upon luminosity. "This Stone grows in the Rocks, darken'd by the brightness of the Sun; it's not seen in the Day, but shines bright and glorious in the darkest Night, and discovers itself at a great distance. The Keepers of the Island disperse themselves into several Places to search for this stone, and wherever it appears, they mark the Place, with a great Vessel of largeness sufficient to cover the sparkling Stone; and then in the Day time, go to the Place, and cut out the Stone, and deliver it to those that are Artists in polishing of 'em." (tr. Oldfather et al. 1814 3: 36). According to Strabo, "The topaz is a transparent stone sparkling with a golden lustre, which, however, is not easy to be distinguished in the day-time, on account of the brightness of the surrounding light, but at night the stones are visible to those who collect them. The collectors place a vessel over the spot [where the topazes are seen] as a mark, and dig them up in the day." (tr. Hamilton and Falconer 1889 3:103). Ball notes that the legendary "topaz" of Topazios island is olivine, which is not luminescent while true topaz is, and suggests, "This tale may well have been told to travelers by astute Egyptian gem merchants anxious to enhance the value of their wares by exaggerating the dangers inherent to procuring the olivines." (1938: 500). In the present day, the island mine is now submerged underwater and inaccessible.
The theme of locating luminous gems at night is found in other sources. The c. 125 CE didactic Christian text Physiologus states that the diamond ("carbuncle") is not to be found in the day but only at night, which may imply that it emits light (Laufer 1915:62). The Anglo-Indian diplomat Thomas Douglas Forsyth says that in 632, the ancient Iranian Saka Buddhist Kingdom of Khotan sent a "splendid jade stone" as tribute to Emperor Taizong of Tang. Khotan's rivers were famous for their jade, "which was discovered by its shining in the water at night", and divers would procure it in shallow waters after the snowmelt floods had subsided (1875: 113). The Bohemian rabbi Petachiah of Regensburg (d. c. 1225) adapted Strabo's story for the gold he saw in the land of Ishmael, east of Nineveh, where "the gold grows like herbs. In the night its brightness is seen when a mark is made with dust or lime. They then come in the morning and gather the herbs upon which the gold is found." (tr. Benisch and Ainsworth 1856: 51, 53).
A modern parallel to ancient miners seeking luminous gems at nighttime is mineworkers using portable shortwave ultraviolet lamps to locate ores that respond with color-specific fluorescence. For instance, under short-wave UV light, scheelite, a tungsten ore, fluoresces a bright sky-blue, and willemite, a minor ore of zinc, fluoresces green (Ball 1938: 501).
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Scheelite under ultraviolet light
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/25/Scheelite_sous_U.V._%28Chine%29_.jpg
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success
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Justice_Prisoner_and_Alien_Transportation_System
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Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System
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Today
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Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System / Today
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English: prisoner wearing hancuffs with a "blue box" security cover, secured with a chain around his waist and a padlock Deutsch: Gefangener in Handschellen mit "Blue Box" Sicherheitsverschluss, fixiert mit einer Bauchkette und gesichert mit einem Vorhängeschloss
| null | false | false |
The Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System, nicknamed "Con Air", or ICE Air is an agency of the federal government of the United States charged with the transportation of persons in legal custody among prisons, detention centers, courthouses, and other locations. It is the largest prison transport network in the world. Though primarily used by the Federal Bureau of Prisons or U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement, JPATS also assists military and state law enforcement.
The agency is managed by the United States Marshals Service out of the JPATS headquarters in Kansas City, Missouri. JPATS was formed in 1995 from the merger of the Marshals Service air fleet with that of the Immigration and Naturalization Service. JPATS completes more than 260,000 prisoner/alien movements per year. Air fleet operations are located in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, with hubs in Las Vegas, Nevada; Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Additionally, the Federal Transfer Center at Oklahoma City's Will Rogers World Airport was built especially to facilitate prisoner transport on JPATS.
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Today's JPATS fleet has expanded to three full-sized aircraft. These planes fly a large series of routes that serve nearly every major U.S. city.
The flight schedules are kept secret from the public, and are known only to those directly involved in its operation. Inmates scheduled to fly are given little or no advance notice of their flight, to deter escapes and sabotage, and to prevent harm from outsiders.
Passengers aboard a flight are restrained with handcuffs as well as ankle and waist chains which are double- or even triple-locked. Those who pose additional danger may be forced to wear additional restraints, such as reinforced mittens that completely isolate and almost completely immobilize the hands, handcuff covers which conceal the keyholes, and face masks to prevent biting and spitting. However, due to FAA regulations inmates are not physically restrained to their seats in any way except for seat belts used during takeoff and landing.
Flight and seating arrangements are made carefully with the intent to separate inmates who may conflict with one another. Members of rival prison gangs may be transported on different days to help reduce the risk of an in-flight incident.
Unlike the practice of most jails, male and female inmates fly together on the same planes.
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Prisoner in handcuffs augmented with a handcuff cover and belly chains
| 1,216 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 4,608 | 3,456 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Culture_of_Mexico
|
Culture of Mexico
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See also
|
Culture of Mexico / See also
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Dahlia "Dahlstar Sunset Pink"
| null | false | true |
The culture of Mexico reflects the country's complex history and is the result of the gradual blending of native culture with Spanish culture and other Mexican cultures.
First inhabited more than 10,000 years ago, the cultures that developed in Mexico became one of the cradles of civilization. During the 300-year rule by the Spanish, Mexico was a crossroad for the people and cultures of Europe, Africa, and Asia. The government of independent Mexico actively promoted shared cultural traits in order to create a national identity.
The culture of an individual Mexican is influenced by their familial ties, gender, religion, location, and social class, among other factors. In many ways, contemporary life in the cities of Mexico has become similar to that in neighboring United States and Europe, with provincial people conserving traditions more than city dwellers.
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National symbols of Mexico
List of museums in Mexico
Folktales of Mexico
Ghosts in Mexican culture
Festivals in Mexico
Mexican handcrafts and folk art
Textiles of Mexico
Mexican ceramics
Traditional Mexican handcrafted toys
China Poblana
Papel picado
Vaquero
Quinceañera, celebration of a girl's fifteenth birthday
Lotería, game
Serape, shawl
Conquian, card game
Alebrije, folk art sculptures
El Chavo del Ocho, sitcom
Rodeo
Narcoculture in Mexico
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The dahlia was declared the national flower of Mexico in 1963.
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| null | 530 | 488 |
{}
| 530 | 488 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herschel_Island
|
Herschel Island
| null |
Herschel Island
|
Herschel Island in the arctic, location circled. Basic map is NASA Blue Marble image, with the circle drawn in Inkscape.
| null | true | true |
Herschel Island is an island in the Beaufort Sea, which lies 5 km off the coast of Yukon in Canada, of which it is administratively a part. It is Yukon's only offshore island.
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Herschel Island (French: Île d'Herschel; Inuit: Qikiqtaruk) is an island in the Beaufort Sea (part of the Arctic Ocean), which lies 5 km (3.1 mi) off the coast of Yukon in Canada, of which it is administratively a part. It is Yukon's only offshore island.
|
Location of Herschel Island
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/75/Wfm_herschell_island_location.jpg
| 1,229 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,280 | 948 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joe_Schriner
|
Joe Schriner
| null |
Joe Schriner
|
English: Photo of Brian Carroll and Joe Schriner at the 2019 ASP Midwestern Regional Meeting at the Carlisle Inn of Walnut Creek
| null | true | true |
Joseph Charles Schriner is an American political activist and journalist. Schriner has run for the United States presidency in five consecutive election cycles spanning from 2000 to 2016. Advocating Christian democracy politics, he has primarily run as an independent candidate, until the 2020 presidential election when he ran as an American Solidarity Party candidate instead. He also ran as a Republican during the early portions of the 2000 and 2016 presidential election cycles. He also vied unsuccessfully for the Green Party presidential nomination during the 2008 election cycle.
Before becoming a perennial candidate, Schriner spent a significant amount of travelling across the United States and conducting ad hoc interviews with individuals he met. Schriner purports that these subjective experiences leave him better-informed about national social, political, and economic issues than experienced policymakers. He has been interviewed by numerous media outlets over the years and has spoken at various colleges and universities.
Schriner has been billed as "average Joe" in the media. He is also sometimes referred to as "Joe the Painter."
|
Joseph Charles Schriner (born March 3, 1955) is an American political activist and journalist. Schriner has run for the United States presidency in five consecutive election cycles spanning from 2000 to 2016. Advocating Christian democracy politics, he has primarily run as an independent candidate, until the 2020 presidential election when he ran as an American Solidarity Party candidate instead. He also ran as a Republican during the early portions of the 2000 and 2016 presidential election cycles. He also vied unsuccessfully for the Green Party presidential nomination during the 2008 election cycle.
Before becoming a perennial candidate, Schriner spent a significant amount of travelling across the United States and conducting ad hoc interviews with individuals he met. Schriner purports that these subjective experiences leave him better-informed about national social, political, and economic issues than experienced policymakers. He has been interviewed by numerous media outlets over the years and has spoken at various colleges and universities.
Schriner has been billed as "average Joe" in the media. He is also sometimes referred to as "Joe the Painter." He is currently self-employed as a house painter. In addition, he is a free-lance writer for his hometown newspaper, The Bluffton News.
|
Schriner participating in a presidential debate for the nomination of the American Solidarity Party in 2019
| 1,223 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 602 | 812 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pasaport_Ferry_Terminal
|
Pasaport Ferry Terminal
|
History
|
Pasaport Ferry Terminal / History
|
English: Kantar Karakolu (police station) on Pasaport Wharf, Izmir, Turkey Français : Kantar Karakolu (poste de police) sur le quai Pasaport, Izmir, Turquie
| null | false | false |
Pasaport Ferry Terminal is a passenger ferry terminal in Konak, İzmir on the Gulf of İzmir. It is located at the northern end of the historic Pasaport Quay on the southwestern side of Cumhuriyet Square. İzdeniz operates commuter ferry service to other terminals around the city. Pasaport was originally built in 1884, as an add-on to the Pasaport Harbor which was constructed between 1867 and 1884.
Pasaport Terminal is the halfway point between Alsancak and Konak Terminals.
|
The ferry terminal building was constructed as part of the Port of Smyrna along with the quay and the breakwater by the French company Guiffray after projects of British engineers between 1867 and 1886. It was used as a checkpoint for international sea traffic. It took its name from its function as passport control site. A historic postcard featuring the building names it as the "Débarcadère et Bureau de Passeports" (Wharf and Passport Office).
The 1884-established passenger ferry line company, the "Gulf of Smyrna Ottoman Ferries Hamidiyye Inc.", operated Pasaport Ferry Terminal in the past connecting it with the ferry terminals Karşıyaka, Alaybey, Osmanzade, Turan, Bayraklı, Konak, Karataş, Salhane and Göztepe with a flotilla of eight passenger ferry boats. The company's head office was also in the building.
In 1922, the Great Fire of Smyrna, which began four days after the Turkish troops recaptured the city on September 9 that ended the Greco-Turkish War (1919–22), destroyed the building along with much of the port city. The building remained a ruin for some years.
Redesigned in inspiration of Seljuk-Ottoman architectural style of the First National Architectural Movement, it was rebuilt in the office time of Kâzım Dirik, who was appointed governor of the city in 1926.
In 1948, the building became headquarters of the Customs Guard Command. From 1957 on, it hosted the Customs Guard Directorate following the reorganization of the Customs Administration.
In 1970, the nearby police station of Kantar moved next to the building.
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Pasaport Quay viewed from the west
| 1,226 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 4,049 | 2,745 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grafton_Gully
|
Grafton Gully
| null |
Grafton Gully
|
Grafton Gully in Auckland City, New Zealand in 1863, looking north from todays Khyber Pass Road area (approximated) towards Rangitoto Island. Extended information on origin webpage reads:Grafton Gully, Auckland, looking north 1863 / Reference number: 1/2-096099-G 1 b&w original negative(s). Wet collodion glass negative 4.5 x 7.25 inches. / Part of Beere, Daniel Manders, 1833-1909 :Negatives of New Zealand and Australia (PAColl-3081) Photographic Archive, / Scope and contents: Grafton Gully, Auckland, looking north towards the Waitemata Harbour with Devonport and Rangitoto in the background, photographed in 1863 by Daniel Manders Beere.
| null | false | true |
Grafton Gully is a deep and very wide gully running northwards towards the sea through the volcanic hills of the Auckland volcanic field in New Zealand. It divides the CBD from the suburbs of Grafton and Parnell in the east.
One of early Governors of New Zealand was Robert FitzRoy, whose grandfather was the third Duke of Grafton. The suburb that developed next to the Government Domain and Hospital was called Grafton. Eventually the adjoining gully became known as Grafton Gully although many people continued to call it Cemetery Gully for some years.
Grafton Gully is crossed by Grafton Bridge near its south end. Symonds Street Cemetery lies on its western slope.
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Grafton Gully is a deep (about 50 m) and very wide (about 100 m) gully running northwards towards the sea through the volcanic hills of the Auckland volcanic field in New Zealand. It divides the CBD from the suburbs of Grafton and Parnell in the east.
One of early Governors of New Zealand was Robert FitzRoy, whose grandfather was the third Duke of Grafton. The suburb that developed next to the Government Domain and Hospital was called Grafton. Eventually the adjoining gully became known as Grafton Gully although many people continued to call it Cemetery Gully for some years.
Grafton Gully is crossed by Grafton Bridge near its south end. Symonds Street Cemetery lies on its western slope.
|
Grafton Gully looking northwards in 1863.
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/18/Grafton_Gully_As_Existing_In_1863.jpg
| 1,225 | 0 |
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| null | 640 | 400 |
{}
| 640 | 400 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuno_Resende
|
Nuno Resende
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From musicals to Eurovision (2000-2008)
|
Nuno Resende / Biography / From musicals to Eurovision (2000-2008)
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Français : Nuno Resende dans Les Demoiselles de Rochefort en 2003
| null | false | false |
Nuno Resende is a Portuguese singer.
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In 2000, under the pseudonym of Nuno, he sings Allez, allez, allez, the official song of the Belgian football team nicknamed Les Diables rouges. From 2000 to the end of 2002, Nuno Resende is an understudy in Roméo et Juliette, de la Haine à l'Amour, by Gérard Presgurvic. The cast wins the NRJ Music Award of the Francophone song in 2001.
In 2003, he takes part in the musical Les Demoiselles de Rochefort.
Composed by Alec Mansion and Frédéric Zeitoun, Le grand soir (The Big Night) is the song he defends at the Eurovision Contest in 2005, for Belgium. He does not get through to the finals, with only 29 points, and ends 22nd out of 25 contestants at the semi-finals. · ·
In 2007, he plays the leading part in the musical Aladin, with Florence Coste, at the Palais des congrès de Paris and then in the French Zéniths. Nuno is nominated to the Marius for his performance.
From September 2008 to January 2009 he plays the parts of Roger and Dany in the musical Grease in Paris. The production is nominated to the Globes de Cristal Award in 2009.
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Nuno Resende in Les Demoiselles de Rochefort (2003)
| 1,239 | 0 |
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| null | 150 | 150 |
{}
| 150 | 150 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/High-speed_rail_in_Australia
|
High-speed rail in Australia
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1984 CSIRO proposal
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High-speed rail in Australia / History / 1984 CSIRO proposal
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English: Colour photograph of man (Dr Paul Wild) in dark jacket, grey trousers, shirt and tie standing on track in front of French TGV high-speed train.
| null | false | true |
High-speed rail in Australia has been under investigation since the early 1980s. Every Federal Government since this time has investigated the feasibility of constructing high speed rail, but to date nothing has ever gone beyond the detailed planning stage. The most commonly suggested route is between Australia's two largest cities, Sydney and Melbourne, which is the world's second busiest air corridor. Various corridors have been proposed for a potential high-speed line.
The Australian rail speed record of 210 km/h was set by Queensland Rail's Electric Tilt Train during a trial run in 1998. This speed is just above the internationally accepted definition of high-speed rail of 200 km/h. The Transwa WDA/WDB/WDC class, V/Line VLocity and XPT are capable of 210 km/h. However, these trains, as well as the V/Line VLocity and Diesel Tilt Train, operate at a high of 160 km/h in passenger service.
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The first true high-speed rail proposal was presented to the Hawke Government in June 1984 by the CSIRO, spearheaded by its chairman, Dr Paul Wild. The proposal was to link Melbourne, Canberra and Sydney via a coastal corridor, based on French TGV (Train à Grande Vitesse) technology. The proposal estimated construction costs at A$2.5 billion ($7.0 billion in 2013), with initial revenue of A$150 million per annum exceeding operating costs of A$50 million per annum. The proposal attracted much public and media attention, as well as some private sector capital for feasibility studies.
In September 1984, the Bureau of Transport Economics found that the probable construction costs had been underestimated by A$1.5 billion, and the proposal would therefore be uneconomic. The Minister for Transport, Peter Morris, rejected the proposal.
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Paul Wild on track in front of a TGV, France, 1989
| 1,222 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,363 | 1,176 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma_Watson
|
Emma Watson
|
2012–present
|
Emma Watson / Career / 2012–present
|
English: Emma Watson at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival.
|
Watson at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival
| false | true |
Emma Charlotte Duerre Watson is an English actress, model, and activist. Born in Paris and brought up in Oxfordshire, Watson attended the Dragon School and trained as an actress at the Oxford branch of Stagecoach Theatre Arts. As a child, she rose to prominence with her first professional acting role as Hermione Granger in the Harry Potter film series, having acted only in school plays previously.
Watson also appeared in the 2007 television adaptation of the novel Ballet Shoes and lent her voice to The Tale of Despereaux. After the last Harry Potter film, she took on starring and supporting roles in My Week with Marilyn, The Perks of Being a Wallflower and The Bling Ring, made an appearance as an exaggerated version of herself in This Is the End, and played the title character's adopted daughter in Noah. She went on to star as Belle in the musical romantic fantasy Beauty and the Beast and Meg March in the coming-of-age film Little Women, the latter of which was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture. Her other film roles include Regression, Colonia, and The Circle.
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In May 2010, Watson was reported to be in talks to star in Stephen Chbosky's The Perks of Being a Wallflower, based on the 1999 novel of the same name. Filming began in summer of 2011, and the film was released in September 2012. Watson starred as Sam, a high school senior who befriends a fellow student called Charlie (Logan Lerman), and helps him through his freshman year. The film opened to favourable reviews; David Sexton of the London Evening Standard opined that Watson's performance was "plausible and touching".
In The Bling Ring (2013), Watson starred as Nicki. The film is based on the real-life Bling Ring robberies, with Watson playing a fictionalised version of Alexis Neiers, a television personality who was one of seven teenagers involved in the robberies. While the film mostly received mixed reviews, critics gave almost unanimous praise for Watson's performance. Watson also had a supporting role in the apocalyptic comedy This Is the End (2013), in which she, Seth Rogen, James Franco and many others played "exaggerated versions of themselves" and Watson memorably dropped the "f-bomb". She said she could not pass up the opportunity to make her first comedy and "work with some of the best comedians ... in the world right now".
In June 2012, Watson was confirmed for the role as Ila in Darren Aronofsky's Noah, which began filming the following month, and was released in March 2014. In March 2013, it was reported that Watson was in negotiations to star as the title character in a live-action Disney adaptation of Cinderella. Kenneth Branagh was attached to direct the adaptation, while Cate Blanchett had reportedly agreed to play the evil stepmother. Watson was offered the role, but turned it down because she did not connect with the character. The role ultimately went to Lily James. In October 2013, Watson was chosen as the Woman of the Year by British GQ. That same month, she was one of two British actors to land atop a readers' poll of the sexiest movie stars of 2013, beating Scarlett Johansson and Jennifer Lawrence for the actresses' title in an online poll of more than 50,000 film fans. Benedict Cumberbatch took the men's vote.
Watson joined Judi Dench, Robert Downey Jr., Mike Leigh, Julia Louis-Dreyfus, and Mark Ruffalo as recipients of the 2014 Britannia Awards, presented on 30 October in Los Angeles. Watson was awarded British Artist of the Year and she dedicated the prize to Millie, her pet hamster who died as Watson was filming Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone. Watson starred in two 2015 releases, the thriller films Colonia, opposite Daniel Brühl and Michael Nyqvist; and Regression by Alejandro Amenábar, alongside Ethan Hawke and her Harry Potter co-star David Thewlis. Both received generally negative reviews. She also appeared in an episode of The Vicar of Dibley, in which she played Reverend Iris. In February 2016, Watson announced she was taking a year-long break from acting. She planned to spend the time on her "personal development" and her women's rights work.
Watson starred as Belle in the 2017 live-action Disney adaptation of Beauty and the Beast directed by Bill Condon, and starring opposite Dan Stevens as the Beast. The film earned over $1.2 billion at the box office and emerged as the second highest-grossing film of 2017, behind only Star Wars: The Last Jedi, and the 14th highest-grossing film of all time. Her reported fee was $3 million upfront with profit participation, bringing her total salary up to $15 million. The film garnered positive reviews; Richard Roeper of the Chicago Sun-Times thought her performance was "all pluck and spunk and sass and smarts and fierce independence as Belle". Later that year, she starred opposite Tom Hanks in the film adaptation of Dave Eggers' novel The Circle, playing Mae Holland, a young tech worker who takes a job at a powerful Internet corporation, only to find herself in a perilous situation concerning privacy, surveillance and freedom.
In 2019, Watson starred as Meg March in Greta Gerwig's Academy Award-nominated adaptation of Louisa May Alcott's nov
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Watson at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival
| 1,237 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Netherlands
|
Constitution of the Netherlands
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History
|
Constitution of the Netherlands / History
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Nederlands: Bronzen herdenkingsplaquette (opmerking: Gemaakt voor boek Monumenten voor Oranje en Nassau) English: Bronze plaque commemorating the actions of Willem II der Nederlanden during the Revolutions of 1848.
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The Constitution for the Kingdom of the Netherlands is one of two fundamental documents governing the Kingdom of the Netherlands as well as the fundamental law of the European territory of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. It is generally seen as directly derived from the one issued in 1815, constituting a constitutional monarchy; it is the third oldest constitution still in use worldwide.
A revision in 1848 instituted a system of parliamentary democracy. In 1983, a major revision of the Constitution of the Netherlands was undertaken, almost fully rewriting the text and adding new civil rights. The text is sober, devoid of legal or political doctrine and includes a bill of rights. It prohibits the judiciary to test laws and treaties against the constitution, as this is considered a prerogative of the legislature. There is no constitutional court in the Netherlands, except for the Constitutional Court of Sint Maarten which only governs the Sint Maarten legislator. The Kingdom of the Netherlands also includes Aruba, Curaçao and Sint Maarten: there is an overarching instrument of the entire kingdom that has constitution characterisics: the Statute of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.
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The first constitution of the Netherlands as a whole, in the sense of a fundamental law which applied to all its provinces and cities, is the 1579 constitution, which established the confederal republic of the Seven United Provinces. The constitution was empowered by the Union of Utrecht, thus by treaty. Article XIII of the treaty granted each inhabitant of the Republic freedom of conscience.
After the French invasion of 1794 the Batavian Republic, a unitary state, was proclaimed. On 31 January 1795 it issued a bill of rights, the Verklaring der Rechten van den Mensch en van den Burger. On 1 May 1798 a new constitution, the first in the modern formal sense, the Staatsregeling voor het Bataafsche Volk, written by a Constitutional Assembly, went into force, approved by the National Assembly. The Napoleonic Kingdom of Holland, a constitutional monarchy, was established by the Constitutie voor het Koningrijk Holland on 7 August 1806. In 1810 the kingdom was annexed by the French Empire.
After the French troops had been driven out by Russian Cossacks, the new independent state of the Netherlands, a principality, was established by the constitution of 29 March 1814, the Grondwet voor de Vereenigde Nederlanden. William VI of Orange, instated on 2 December 1813 as "Sovereign Prince" by acclamation, and only accepting "under the safeguard of a free constitution, assuring your freedom against possible future abuses", had first appointed a number of men of good standing as electors and these approved the constitution, written by a commission headed by Gijsbert Karel van Hogendorp. On 24 August 1815 William — since 16 March King William I of the Netherlands — having proclaimed himself King of the larger United Netherlands six days earlier, issued the first version of the current constitution, the Grondwet voor het Koningrijk der Nederlanden or Loi fondamentale du Royaume des Pays-Bas, establishing the United Kingdom of the Netherlands, now expanding his realm with the territory of the present state of Belgium, which would again secede from it in 1830. It included a limited unentrenched bill of rights, with freedom of religion, the principle of habeas corpus, the right of petition and freedom of the press as its main points. In the Treaty of London of 1814 the Allies had ordered that the original Dutch state would devise the new constitution. It had been approved by the new States General (consisting of 55 members) of the Northern Netherlands, but rejected by the majority of appointed electors (796 against 527) of the Southern Netherlands. As 126, however, had indicated that they were against because of the (by them still considered too limited) freedom of religion, which was mandatory under the Treaty of Vienna that ordered the union of the Northern and the Southern Netherlands, their votes and those of the men having refused to vote, were added to the minority, and by this infamous "Hollandic Arithmetic" William felt justified to proclaim the new kingdom.
Regarding the government's political structure the 1815 constitution did not diverge much from the situation during the Republic: the 110 members of House of Representatives (lower house) of the States General, the "Second Chamber" as it is still called, were still appointed by the States-Provincial (for three years; each year a third was replaced), who themselves were filled with nobility members or appointed by the city councils, just like under the ancien régime. However, now also some rural delegates were appointed to all States-Provincial (first only true for Friesland) and the city councils were appointed by electoral colleges which were in turn elected by a select group of male citizens of good standing and paying a certain amount of taxes, so very indirectly there was a modicum of democracy introduced to the system. In all the administration was very monarchical, with the king appointing for life the members of the Senate, the "First Chamber", that mockingly was called the Ménagerie du Roi. In 1840, when a new revision was made necessary by the independence of Belgium, a f
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A plaque commemorating the actions of William II during 1848.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Document_mosaicing
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Document mosaicing
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Images mosaicing
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Document mosaicing / Images mosaicing
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English: Mosaicing of two document images. In the overlap region the pixels are blended, using an unweighted mean at the centre of the region and increasingly weighted means towards the edges. This blending operation eliminates any abrupt seams in the mosaic, but will result in a blurred composite if the registration is not accurate. Blurring is evident in the affine mosaic (b), but not in the mosaic constructed using a plane-to-plane projectivity (a). Close-ups of typical seams from (a) and (b) are shown in (c) and (d) respectively. Note the system’s ability to cope with mixtures of fonts and unaligned columns.
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Document mosaicing is a process that stitches multiple, overlapping snapshot images of a document together to produce one large, high resolution composite. The document is slid under a stationary, over-the-desk camera by hand until all parts of the document are snapshotted by the camera’s field of view. As the document slid under the camera, all motion of the document is coarsely tracked by the vision system. The document is periodically snapshotted such that the successive snapshots are overlap by about 50%. The system then finds the overlapped pairs and stitches them together repeatedly until all pairs are stitched together as one piece of document.
The document mosaicing can be divided into four main processes.
Tracking
Feature detecting
Correspondences establishing
Images mosaicing.
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Given the list of corresponding points of the two images, finding the transformation of the overlapping portion of the images is the next process. Assuming a pinhole camera model, the transformation between pixels (u,v) of image 1 and pixels (u0, v0) of image 2 is demonstrated by a plane-to-plane projectivity.
The parameters of the projectivity is found from four pairs of matching points. RANSAC regression technique is used to reject outlying matches and estimate the projectivity from the remaining good matches.
The projectivity is fine-tuned using correlation at the corners of the overlapping portion to obtain four correspondences to sub-pixel accuracy. Therefore, image1 is then transformed into image2’s coordinate system using Eq.1. The typical result of the process is shown in Figure 5.
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Figure 5 : Mosaicing of two document images. Blurring is evident in the affine mosaic (b), but not in the mosaic constructed using a plane-to-plane projectivity (a). Close-ups of typical seams of (a) and (b) are shown in (c) and (d) respectively.[1]
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aragonese_dialects
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Aragonese dialects
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Aragonese dialects
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The Aragonese language has many local varieties, which are grouped in valley varieties or comarca varieties. The term dialect is ambiguous and it can be used to refer to well-known valley varieties, such as cheso or ansotano. The best-known classification, by Francho Nagore, divides all Aragonese varieties in four groups or main dialects: Western, Central, Southern, and Eastern.
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The Aragonese language has many local varieties, which are grouped in valley varieties or comarca varieties. The term dialect is ambiguous and it can be used to refer to well-known valley varieties, such as cheso or ansotano. The best-known classification, by Francho Nagore, divides all Aragonese varieties in four groups or main dialects: Western, Central, Southern, and Eastern.
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Aragonese dialects.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenny_Garrett
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Kenny Garrett
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Biography
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Kenny Garrett / Biography
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Christian McBride, Vinnie Colaiuta, Kenny Garrett and John McLaughlin playing jazz
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Kenny Garrett is an American post-bop jazz saxophonist and flautist who gained recognition in his youth as a member of the Duke Ellington Orchestra and of Miles Davis's band. Since then, he has pursued a solo career.
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Kenny Garrett was born in Detroit, Michigan, on October 9, 1960. His father was a carpenter who played tenor saxophone as a hobby. Garrett's own career as a saxophonist took off when he joined the Duke Ellington Orchestra, under the leadership of Mercer Ellington, in 1978. Garrett also played and recorded with Art Blakey, Miles Davis, Freddie Hubbard, and Woody Shaw before developing his career as a leader.
In 1984, he recorded his first album as a bandleader, Introducing Kenny Garrett, on the CrissCross label. Garrett signed to the Warner Bros. Records label, and beginning with Black Hope, in 1992, he recorded eight albums for them. Garrett's music sometimes exhibits Asian influences, an aspect which is especially prevalent in his 2006 Grammy-nominated recording Beyond the Wall.
Garrett joined the "Five Peace Band" of Chick Corea, John McLaughlin, Christian McBride and Brian Blade/Vinnie Colaiuta around 2008. The CD Five Peace Band – Live won a Grammy Award in 2010.
In 2011, Garrett was presented with an Honorary Doctorate in Music from Berklee College of Music, Boston, Massachusetts. Garrett also was the Commencement Speaker for graduates.
In 2012, Garrett received a Soul Train Award nomination for his 2012 studio album Seeds from the Underground in the Best Traditional Jazz Artist/Group category. Also in 2012, Grammy nominations for Seeds from the Underground followed in the Best Jazz Instrumental Album and Best Improvised Jazz Solo categories, and Seeds From The Underground received a NAACP Image Award nomination in the Outstanding Jazz Album category. In 2013, Garrett won an Echo Award in the Saxophonist of the Year category.
Garrett's Pushing the World Away album received a Grammy nomination in the Best Jazz Instrumental Album category in 2013.
Garrett has been a resident of Glen Ridge, New Jersey.
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Christian McBride, John McLaughlin, Vinnie Colaiuta and Garrett in 2008
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jindai_Station
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Jindai Station
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Jindai Station
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Jindai Station, on the Tazawako Line, Semboku, Akita, Japan
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Jindai Station is a railway station located in the city of Semboku, Akita Prefecture, Japan, operated by JR East.
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Jindai Station (神代駅, Jindai-eki) is a railway station located in the city of Semboku, Akita Prefecture, Japan, operated by JR East.
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Jindai Station in August 2008
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Projective_plane
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Projective plane
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Projective plane
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English: Railroad tracks "vanishing" into the distance Suomi: Ratakiskot "katoamassa" kaukaisuuteen.
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In mathematics, a projective plane is a geometric structure that extends the concept of a plane. In the ordinary Euclidean plane, two lines typically intersect in a single point, but there are some pairs of lines that do not intersect. A projective plane can be thought of as an ordinary plane equipped with additional "points at infinity" where parallel lines intersect. Thus any two distinct lines in a projective plane intersect in one and only one point.
Renaissance artists, in developing the techniques of drawing in perspective, laid the groundwork for this mathematical topic. The archetypical example is the real projective plane, also known as the extended Euclidean plane. This example, in slightly different guises, is important in algebraic geometry, topology and projective geometry where it may be denoted variously by PG, RP², or P₂, among other notations. There are many other projective planes, both infinite, such as the complex projective plane, and finite, such as the Fano plane.
A projective plane is a 2-dimensional projective space, but not all projective planes can be embedded in 3-dimensional projective spaces.
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In mathematics, a projective plane is a geometric structure that extends the concept of a plane. In the ordinary Euclidean plane, two lines typically intersect in a single point, but there are some pairs of lines (namely, parallel lines) that do not intersect. A projective plane can be thought of as an ordinary plane equipped with additional "points at infinity" where parallel lines intersect. Thus any two distinct lines in a projective plane intersect in one and only one point.
Renaissance artists, in developing the techniques of drawing in perspective, laid the groundwork for this mathematical topic. The archetypical example is the real projective plane, also known as the extended Euclidean plane. This example, in slightly different guises, is important in algebraic geometry, topology and projective geometry where it may be denoted variously by PG(2, R), RP², or P₂(R), among other notations. There are many other projective planes, both infinite, such as the complex projective plane, and finite, such as the Fano plane.
A projective plane is a 2-dimensional projective space, but not all projective planes can be embedded in 3-dimensional projective spaces. Such embeddability is a consequence of a property known as Desargues' theorem, not shared by all projective planes.
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These parallel lines appear to intersect in the vanishing point "at infinity". In a projective plane this is actually true.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel_Mart%C3%ADnez_de_Pinillos_S%C3%A1enz
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Miguel Martínez de Pinillos Sáenz
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Politics
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Miguel Martínez de Pinillos Sáenz / Politics
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For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. Der Ex-Diktator Spaniens, Primo de Rivera gestorben ! Aufnahmen aus der Glanzzeit seiner Diktatur. Porträt des spanischen Ex-Diktator Primo de Revera. Information added by Wikimedia users.Español: Retrato de Miguel Primo de Rivera a finales de 1921, entonces senador, cuando es nombrado Gabriel de Orozco nuevo capitán general de la Región Militar de Madrid.[1]
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Miguel Martínez de Pinillos Sáenz was a Spanish entrepreneur. He is known mostly as a ship-owner, who operated a Cádiz-based fleet of merchant vessels on Mediterranean and Atlantic routes. He is recognized also as a locally known conservative politician, briefly serving in the Cortes as a Carlist deputy.
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Political preferences of Pinillos’ ancestors are unclear; it is merely known that he was raised in a pious Catholic ambience. One authors claims he embraced an Integrist outlook, information not confirmed in the Integrist press of the era. Though his cousin Sebastian Martínez de Pinillos was in 1918 elected to Cortes from Cádiz on the conservative ticket, none of the sources consulted refers to Miguel’s political activity during the Restauración period. Apart from high-life engagements, his only non-commercial public endeavors were related to charity.
Martínez de Pinillos was first noted in politics when engaged in local incarnations of the primoderiverista regime. He became member of Somatén and joined Unión Patriotica, in the mid-1920s growing to vice-president of its provincial Cádiz branch. In April 1925 he was offered seat in the Diputación Provincial, though it is not clear how long he performed the role. In the late 1920s he was active in Patronal del Comercio, Industria y Navegación, an attempt to form a domesticated labor organization. During Dictablanda he seemed leaning towards a cautious "law and order" stance, as late as in February 1931 presiding over initiatives in support of the army and Guardia Civil.
During early months of the Republic Pinillos was active in a local, vaguely conservative Acción Ciudadana, in January 1932 emerging as its president. The formation was leaning towards Alfonsist monarchism; it hosted one of the most prestigious Acción Nacional politicians, Antonio Goicoechea. In early 1933 Martínez de Pinillos was still reported vice-president, but he left before AC got incorporated into CEDA. Having neared the Carlists, during the 1933 electoral campaign he already represented their Comunión Tradicionalista on a coalition Frente de Derechas list. Elected, he joint the Carlist minority. Though he moved from Cádiz to Madrid and set up his headquarters in hotel Ritz, Martínez de Pinillos remained a passive parliamentarian. He joined Comisión de Marina but did not speak a single time during the plenary chamber sessions, which did not spare him mockery in Republican press.
Pinillos remained moderately active in Carlist realm; he is scarcely mentioned as taking part in party propaganda gatherings or as active in the party structures; his most significant appointment was to Comisión de Hacienda of the Traditionalist executive. His most notable high-profile event was a massively attended 1934 feast of Andalusian Carlists on the estate of Quintillo. Featured among most prominent party leaders he seemed overwhelmed, as reflected in one of his few literary attempts. Taking advantage of his wealth, he was rather listed among those who financially supported Carlist sport ventures, Traditionalist labor organizations and the party press. Martínez de Pinillos is not noted as engaged in the 1936 electoral campaign; according to one source, following outbreak of the Civil War he withdrew from active politics.
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Miguel Primo de Rivera
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tama_Cemetery
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Tama Cemetery
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Notable interments
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Tama Cemetery / Notable interments
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English: Tombstone of Uchimura Kanzō in Tokyo Tama Cemetery in Fuchu, Tokyo, Japan. It is inscribed "I for Japan, Japan for the World, The World for Christ, And All for God." and "Sleep with my wife, Shizuko." 日本語: 多磨霊園にある内村鑑三の墓（東京都府中市多磨町4丁目）。「I for Japan, Japan for the World, The World for Christ, And All for God.」と刻まれている。下には、「妻 静子ともに眠る」と彫られている。
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Tama Cemetery in Tokyo is the largest municipal cemetery in Japan. It is split between the cities of Fuchu and Koganei within the Tokyo Metropolis. First established in April 1923 as Tama Graveyard, it was redesignated Tama Cemetery in 1935. It is one of the largest green areas in Tokyo.
People interred at Tama Cemetery include: Gensui The Marquis Saigō, the famous Meiji politician and naval commander; Gensui The Marquis Tōgō, the famous naval commander at the Battle of Tsushima; Gensui Yamamoto Isoroku, commander-in-chief of Japan's Combined Fleet during World War II; noted author, playwright, nationalist, and right-wing thinker Mishima Yukio; and General Baron Araki, a military commander who became one of the principal right-wing political theorists of the later Japanese Empire.
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Aikawa Yoshisuke (1880-1967), the founder and first president of the Nissan zaibatsu between 1931 and 1945
General Anami Korechika (1887-1945), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II, and War Minister at the surrender of Japan
General Baron Araki Sadao (1877-1966), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army before World War II and one of the principal nationalist right-wing political theorists in the late Japanese Empire
Arita Hachirō (1884-1965), the Minister for Foreign Affairs for three terms, who is believed to have originated the concept of the Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere
Azuma Ryōtarō (1893-1983), Governor of Tokyo from 1959 to 1967
Vice Admiral Fukudome Shigeru (1891-1971), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
Lt-General Furushō Motoo (1882-1940), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army
Baron Tanaka Giichi (1864-1929), a general in the Imperial Japanese Army, and the 26th Prime Minister of Japan from 20 April 1927 to 2 July 1929
Hara Shūjirō (1871-1934), a politician who served as Minister for Colonial Affairs in the Empire of Japan
General Hayashi Senjūrō (1876-1943), the Imperial Japanese Army commander of the Chosen Army of Japan in Korea during the Mukden Incident and the invasion of Manchuria, and 33rd Prime Minister of Japan from 2 February 1937 to 4 June 1937
Gensui The Marquis Tōgō Heihachirō (1848-1934), a Gensui (or 'marshal-admiral') in the Imperial Japanese Navy and one of Japan's greatest naval heroes
Baron Honjō Shigeru (1876-1945), a general in the Imperial Japanese Army during the early period of the Second Sino-Japanese War
General Ichinohe Hyoe (1855-1931), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army
Ino Hiroya (1891-1980), a politician and cabinet minister in Japan
Lt-General Inoue Masakichi (1886-1975), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army during World War II
Admiral Inoue Shigeyoshi (1889-1975), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II and a Vice-Minister of the Navy
Kanemitsu Tsuneo (1877-1955), politician and cabinet minister in the Empire of Japan
Lt-General Kawagishi Bunzaburō (1882-1957), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army during the early stages of the Second Sino-Japanese War
Baron Den Kenjirō (1855-1930), a cabinet minister in the pre-war government of the Empire of Japan and the 8th Japanese Governor-General of Taiwan from October 29, 1919 to September 1923
Baron Hiranuma Kiichirō (1867-1952), a prominent pre–World War II right-wing Japanese politician and the 35th Prime Minister of Japan from 5 January 1939 to 30 August 1939
Kinoshita Mokutarō (1885-1945), a Japanese author, Dramaturge, poet, art historian and literary critic
Kishida Ryūsei (1891-1929), a Taishō and Shōwa period painter
Kitagawa Fuyuhiko (1900-1990), a Japanese poet and film critic
Count Kodama Hideo (1876-1947), a politician, and wartime cabinet minister in the Empire of Japan
Gensui Koga Mineichi (1885-1944), a commander-in-chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy's Combined Fleet
Kurata Hyakuzō (1891-1943), a Japanese essayist and playwright on religious subjects that was active during the Taishō and early Shōwa periods
Vice Admiral Kurita Takeo (1889-1977), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II
Matsuda Genji (1876-1936), a politician and cabinet minister in the Empire of Japan
Mishima Tokushichi (1893-1975), a Japanese metallurgist
Mishima Yukio (1925-1970), a Japanese author, poet, playwright, actor, and film director
Nakajima Chikuhei (1884-1949), founder of the Nakajima Aircraft Company and a cabinet minister for several posts
Noda Kōgo (1893-1968), a Japanese screenwriter most famous for collaborating with film director Ozu Yasujirō
Admiral Okada Keisuke (1868-1952), senior naval commander who served as the 31st Prime Minister of Japan from 8 July 1934 to 9 March 1936
Lt-General Sakurai Shōzō (1889-1985), a senior commander in the Imperial Japanese Army during the Second Sino-Japanese War and World War II
Admiral Baron Kataoka Shichirō (18
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Tombstone of Uchimura Kanzō
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| 3,400 | 2,550 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_diffusion_electrode
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Gas diffusion electrode
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Bonded electrode
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Gas diffusion electrode / Bonded electrode
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REM picture of a PTFE/Ag gas diffusion electrode
| null | false | true |
Gas diffusion electrodes are electrodes with a conjunction of a solid, liquid and gaseous interface, and an electrical conducting catalyst supporting an electrochemical reaction between the liquid and the gaseous phase.
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Since about 1970, PTFEs are used to produce an electrode having both hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties while chemically stable and which can be used as binders. This means that, in places with a high proportion of PTFE, no electrolyte can penetrate the pore system and vice versa. In that case the catalyst itself should be non-hydrophobic.
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SEM-image from the PTFE-silver electrode
|
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/57/SilFlon_REM.jpg
| 1,250 | 0 |
success
| null | 200 | 152 |
{}
| 200 | 152 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mark_Antony
|
Mark Antony
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Roman–Parthian relations
|
Mark Antony / Master of the Roman East / Antony's Parthian War / Roman–Parthian relations
| null | null | false | false |
Marcus Antonius, commonly known in English as Mark Antony or Anthony, was a Roman politician and general who played a critical role in the transformation of the Roman Republic from a constitutional republic into the autocratic Roman Empire.
Antony was a supporter of Julius Caesar, and served as one of his generals during the conquest of Gaul and the Civil War. Antony was appointed administrator of Italy while Caesar eliminated political opponents in Greece, North Africa, and Spain. After Caesar's death in 44 BC, Antony joined forces with Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, another of Caesar's generals, and Octavian, Caesar's great-nephew and adopted son, forming a three-man dictatorship known to historians as the Second Triumvirate. The Triumvirs defeated Caesar's murderers, the Liberatores, at the Battle of Philippi in 42 BC, and divided the government of the Republic between themselves. Antony was assigned Rome's eastern provinces, including the client kingdom of Egypt, then ruled by Cleopatra VII Philopator, and was given the command in Rome's war against Parthia.
Relations among the triumvirs were strained as the various members sought greater political power.
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The rise of the Parthian Empire in the 3rd century BC and Rome's expansion into the Eastern Mediterranean during the 2nd century BC brought the two powers into direct contact, causing centuries of tumultuous and strained relations. Though periods of peace developed cultural and commercial exchanges, war was a constant threat. Influence over the buffer state of the Kingdom of Armenia, located to the north-east of Roman Syria, was often a central issue in the Roman-Parthian conflict. In 95 BC, Parthian Shah Mithridates II, installed Tigranes the Great as Parthian's client-king over Armenia. Tigranes would wage a series of three wars against Rome before being ultimately defeated by Pompey in 66 BC. Thereafter, with his son Artavasdes II in Rome as a hostage, Tigranes would rule Armenia as an ally of Rome until his death in 55 BC. Rome then installed Artavasdes II as king and continued its influence over Armenia.
In 53 BC, Rome's governor of Syria, Marcus Licinius Crassus, led an expedition across the Euphrates River into Parthian territory to confront the Parthian Shah Orodes II. Artavasdes II offered Crassus the aid of nearly forty thousand troops to assist his Parthian expedition on the condition that Crassus invade through Armenia as the safer route. Crassus refused, choosing instead the more direct route by crossing the Euphrates directly into desert Parthian territory. Crassus' actions proved disastrous as his army was defeated at the Battle of Carrhae by a numerically inferior Parthian force. Crassus' defeat forced Armenia to shift its loyalty to Parthia, with Artavasdes II's sister marrying Orodes' son and heir Pacorus.
In early 44 BC, Julius Caesar announced his intentions to invade Parthia and restore Roman power in the East. His reasons were to punish the Parthians for assisting Pompey in the recent civil war, to avenge Crassus' defeat at Carrhae, and especially to match the glory of Alexander the Great for himself. Before Caesar could launch his campaign, however, he was assassinated. As part of the compromise between Antony and the Republicans to restore order following Caesar's murder, Publius Cornelius Dolabella was assigned the governorship of Syria and command over Caesar's planned Parthian campaign. The compromise did not hold, however, and the Republicans were forced to flee to the East. The Republicans directed Quintus Labienus to attract the Parthians to their side in the resulting war against Antony and Octavian. After the Republicans were defeated at the Battle of Philippi, Labienus joined the Parthians. Despite Rome's internal turmoil during the time, the Parthians did not immediately benefit from the power vacuum in the East due to Orodes II's reluctance despite Labienus' urgings to the contrary.
In the summer of 41 BC, Antony, to reassert Roman power in the East, conquered Palmyra on the Roman-Parthian border. Antony then spent the winter of 41 BC in Alexandria with Cleopatra, leaving only two legions to defend the Syrian border against Parthian incursions. The legions, however, were composed of former Republican troops and Labienus convinced Orodes II to invade.
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A map of the Parthian Empire. Parthia shared its western border along the Euphrates River with Rome.
| 1,248 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 1,200 | 830 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fak%C5%9Fehir_%C3%87am_and_Sakura_City_Hospital
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Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital
| null |
Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital
|
English: Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital in Istanbul, Turkey
| null | true | true |
Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, also known as Başakşehir City Hospital, is a large hospital complex in Başakşehir district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was developed jointly by Turkish and Japanese cooperation, symbolized in the name with Çam ve Sakura. The hospital complex opened in May 2020.
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Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital (Turkish: Başakşehir Çam ve Sakura Şehir Hastanesi), also known as Başakşehir City Hospital, is a large hospital complex in Başakşehir district of Istanbul, Turkey. It was developed jointly by Turkish and Japanese cooperation, symbolized in the name with Çam ve Sakura (English: pine and cherry blossom). The hospital complex opened in May 2020.
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Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital in Başakşehir, Istanbul Province.
| 1,234 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 4,691 | 3,107 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regina_Grabolle
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Regina Grabolle
| null |
Regina Grabolle
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For documentary purposes the German Federal Archive often retained the original image captions, which may be erroneous, biased, obsolete or politically extreme. Regina Grabolle ADN-ZB Mittelstädt 21.5.80 Berlin: DDR-Turnmeisterschaften -Mit ausgezeichneten 38,80 Punkten sicherte sich die Titelveteidigerin Regina Grabolle die Führung nach der Pflicht. Die 15jährige Dynamo-Sportlerin turnte zweimal 9,65 Punkte (Barren und Boden), erhielt für ihren Sprung 9,7 Punkte und am Balken sogar 9,8 Punkte.
| null | true | false |
Regina Grabolle is a retired German artistic gymnast. She won two bronze medals at the 1979 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, on the balance beam and in the team competition.
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Regina Grabolle (born 18 May 1965) is a retired German artistic gymnast. She won two bronze medals at the 1979 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships, on the balance beam and in the team competition.
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Grabolle in 1980
| 1,253 | 0 |
success
| null | 498 | 542 |
{}
| 498 | 542 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robin_Wikman
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Robin Wikman
| null |
Robin Wikman
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English: Robin Wikman's official profilepicture at Hammarby IF's homepage
| null | true | true |
Robin Wikman is a Finnish-Swedish former footballer who last played for FC Stockholm Internazionale. He holds both Finnish and Swedish citizenship.
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Robin Wikman (born 21 January 1986) is a Finnish-Swedish former footballer who last played for FC Stockholm Internazionale. He holds both Finnish and Swedish citizenship.
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Wikman in 2011
| 1,254 | 0 |
success
| null | 411 | 544 |
{}
| 411 | 544 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_armour
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Chinese armour
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Song dynasty (960–1279)
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Chinese armour / Medieval armour / Song dynasty (960–1279)
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中文（简体）: 《大驾卤薄图》中之宋朝骑兵图
| null | false | false |
Chinese armour was predominantly lamellar from the Warring States period onward, prior to which animal parts such as rhinoceros hide, rawhide, and turtle shells were used for protection. Lamellar armour was supplemented by scale armour since the Warring States period or earlier. Partial plate armour was popular from the Northern and Southern dynasties, and mail and mountain pattern armour from the Tang dynasty. Chain mail had been known since the Han Dynasty, but did not see widespread production or battlefield use, and may have seen as "exotic foreign armor" used as a display of wealth for wealthier officers and soldiers. During the Ming dynasty, brigandine began to supplant lamellar armour and was used to a great degree into the Qing dynasty. By the 19th century most Qing armour, which was of the brigandine type, were purely ceremonial, having kept the outer studs for aesthetic purposes, and omitted the protective metal plates.
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During the Song dynasty (960–1279) it became fashionable to create warts on pieces of armour to imitate cold forged steel, a product typically produced by non-Han people in modern Qinghai. Warts created from cold work were actually spots of higher carbon in the original steel, thus aesthetic warts on non-cold forged steel served no purpose. According to Shen Kuo, armour constructed of cold forged steel was impenetrable to arrows shot at a distance of 50 paces. Even if the arrow happened to hit a drill hole, the arrowhead was the one which was ruined. However crossbows were still prized for their ability to penetrate heavy armour.
The History of Song notes that Song "tools of war were exceedingly effective, never before seen in recent times," and "their weapons and armor were very good", but "their troops weren't always effective."
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Armoured Song cavalry
| 1,252 | 0 |
success
| null | 505 | 1,008 |
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| 505 | 1,008 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pevensey_Castle
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Pevensey Castle
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Inner bailey
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Pevensey Castle / Architecture / Interior / Inner bailey
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English: The South-East View of Pevensey-Castle, in the County of Sussex
| null | false | true |
Pevensey Castle is a medieval castle and former Roman Saxon Shore fort at Pevensey in the English county of East Sussex. The site is a Scheduled Monument in the care of English Heritage and is open to visitors. Built around 290 AD and known to the Romans as Anderitum, the fort appears to have been the base for a fleet called the Classis Anderidaensis. The reasons for its construction are unclear; long thought to have been part of a Roman defensive system to guard the British and Gallic coasts against Saxon pirates, it has more recently been suggested that Anderitum and the other Saxon Shore forts were built by a usurper in an ultimately unsuccessful attempt to prevent Rome from reimposing its control over Britain.
Anderitum fell into ruin following the end of the Roman occupation but was reoccupied in 1066 by the Normans, for whom it became a key strategic bulwark. A stone keep and fortification was built within the Roman walls and faced several sieges. Although its garrison was twice starved into surrender, it was never successfully stormed.
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The Normans divided the interior of the old Roman fort into two fortified enclosures, referred to as the inner and outer baileys. The inner bailey of the castle was, in effect, a castle within a castle, consisting of a walled fortification with a tower at each corner, surrounded by a moat and with a keep of unusual design at its eastern extremity, adjoining the old Roman curtain wall. The present stone fortifications of the inner bailey date mainly from the 13th and 14th centuries. They replaced the original wood and earth fortifications of the Norman inner bailey, which occupied a much larger area of the Roman fort's interior. Traces of the Norman bailey's ditch and earthen rampart, which stretched right across the interior of the fort, can still be seen today. The inner bailey protected the castle's most important domestic buildings, while the outer bailey was used for buildings of lesser importance such as a granary for the manor of Pevensey.
The inner bailey's moat – which is fed by a spring – was probably over 18 metres (59 ft) wide when first dug. The moat protected a mid-13th century curtain wall, which is still largely intact, that divides the inner and outer baileys. A wooden bridge around 20.7 metres (68 ft) long linked the inner and outer baileys, though the cost of maintaining it prompted its replacement in 1405 with a stone causeway and drawbridge pit that can still be seen today. The principal entrance to the inner bailey was through the early 13th century gatehouse at the end of the entrance bridge, which had two D-shaped towers flanking a vaulted entrance passage. The towers were built on three levels with arrow slits in each level and basements below, which have survived intact. One of the basements can be reached via a spiral staircase; the other can only be accessed through a hole in the tower's floor and may have been used as a prison cell or oubliette. The gatehouse towers were built with open backs, which were probably closed by a wooden wall.
Three other towers still stand on the east, north and south sides of the inner bailey's curtain wall. Built in the mid-13th century, they each had three floors which were accessed through separate entrances on each level. Lighting was provided by arrow-slits, and the upper room in each tower, which was the only one to have a fireplace, was probably used as a lodging area. A latrine was also provided. Only the north tower is known to have been completed; however, its vaulted basement was mostly destroyed around 1317 when the roof and floors of the tower collapsed into it. It is not clear whether the south and east towers were ever completed. An estimate written in 1317 reveals that the towers were thatched, lacking castellations and a proper lead roof, but it is not known whether the work itemised in the estimate was ever carried out. The interiors of the towers were substantially modified in 1940.
The interior of the inner bailey is now a broad, grassy area dominated by the stump of the keep at its eastern edge, which survives only up to its first floor. Despite the massive nature of the ruins, they preserve little of the original design apart from its unique ground plan. It consisted of a rectangular block measuring about 16.8 metres (55 ft) by 9 metres (30 ft) internally with seven projecting towers, a design found in no other medieval castle. Nothing remains of the interior and the uniqueness of its design makes it difficult to reconstruct its internal layout. Surviving 14th century documents record that it contained a kitchen and a chapel, and had an iron door at its main entrance which was approached up a wooden stair. Like most Norman keeps, the entrance was situated on the first floor; the ground floor lacks any openings and it appears to have been constructed as a solid mass of masonry filled with clay. The near-total destruction of everything above the first floor means that the keep's original height is unknown, but it may have stood to a height of about 25 metres (82 ft) or so.
The keep underwent at least two redesigns in the first half of the 14th
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Samuel and Nathaniel Buck's depiction of the ruined castle in 1737
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,905 | 1,614 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betty_Flores
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Betty Flores
| null |
Betty Flores
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English: Senator Kay Bailey Hutchison with Mayor Betty Flores of Laredo hold a press conference at the Laredo Airport regarding airport security and trade. -- (12/9/02)
| null | false | true |
Elizabeth G. "Betty" Flores is an American banker and former mayor of Laredo, Texas. She was the first Latina woman to be mayor in Laredo's 240 year history.
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Elizabeth G. "Betty" Flores (born December 28, 1944) is an American banker and former mayor of Laredo, Texas. She was the first Latina woman to be mayor in Laredo's 240 year history.
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Kay Bailey Hutchison and Betty Flores
| 1,258 | 0 |
success
| null | 350 | 325 |
{"Image ExifOffset": "26"}
| 350 | 325 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miz_Cracker
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Miz Cracker
| null |
Miz Cracker
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Miz Cracker at RuPaul's DragCon LA 2018
| null | true | true |
Miz Cracker is the stage name of Maxwell Heller, an American drag queen and television personality. She is best known for placing fifth on the tenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race and for being a runner-up on the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars.
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Miz Cracker (born April 19, 1984) is the stage name of Maxwell Heller, an American drag queen and television personality. She is best known for placing fifth on the tenth season of RuPaul's Drag Race and for being a runner-up on the fifth season of RuPaul's Drag Race All Stars.
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Miz Cracker at RuPaul's DragCon LA 2018
| 1,255 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 900 | 600 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fatback
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Fatback
| null |
Fatback
| null | null | false | false |
Fatback is a cut of meat from a domestic pig. It consists of the layer of adipose tissue under the skin of the back, with or without the skin. Fatback is "hard fat" and is distinct from the visceral fat that occurs in the abdominal cavity which is called "soft fat" and is used to produce leaf lard.
Like other types of pig fat, fatback may be rendered to make a high quality lard, and is one source of salt pork. Finely diced or coarsely ground fatback is an important ingredient in sausage making and in some meat dishes.
Fatback is an important element of traditional charcuterie. In several European cultures it is used to make specialty bacon. Containing no skeletal muscle, this bacon is a delicacy.
At one time fatback was Italy's basic cooking fat, especially in regions where olive trees are sparse or absent, but health concerns have reduced its popularity. However, it provides a rich, authentic flavour for the classic battuto – sautéed vegetables, herbs and flavourings – that forms the basis of many traditional dishes. Today, pancetta is often used instead.
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Fatback is a cut of meat from a domestic pig. It consists of the layer of adipose tissue (subcutaneous fat) under the skin of the back, with or without the skin (pork rind). Fatback is "hard fat" and is distinct from the visceral fat that occurs in the abdominal cavity which is called "soft fat" and is used to produce leaf lard.
Like other types of pig fat, fatback may be rendered to make a high quality lard, and is one source of salt pork. Finely diced or coarsely ground fatback is an important ingredient in sausage making and in some meat dishes.
Fatback is an important element of traditional charcuterie. In several European cultures it is used to make specialty bacon. Containing no skeletal muscle, this bacon is a delicacy.
At one time fatback was Italy's basic cooking fat, especially in regions where olive trees are sparse or absent, but health concerns have reduced its popularity. However, it provides a rich, authentic flavour for the classic battuto – sautéed vegetables, herbs and flavourings – that forms the basis of many traditional dishes. Today, pancetta is often used instead.
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1: fatback
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5d/Schwein_Speck.svg
| 1,227 | 0 |
failed_to_resize
| null | null | null | null | null | null |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luxborough_Galley
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Luxborough Galley
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Survivors
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Luxborough Galley / Survivors
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English: The yawl of the Luxborough Galley
| null | false | true |
The Luxborough Galley was an English ship involved in a notorious maritime incident during the 18th century.
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The escape on the boat left those fleeing in a precarious situation, with no food or water, no compass, and ill-prepared for an ocean voyage to safety. Some of those on board the yawl, decrying their predicament, proposed to relieve their craft's burden by casting the alleged instigators of the blaze, the two boys, into the ocean. This was overruled, and the captain vetoed a proposal to settle the matters by allotment. The later deaths of some occupants made this unnecessary.
The Luxborough's crew were adrift for two weeks, and their number was reduced to twelve before their rescue by fishermen off the coast of Newfoundland. The captain died the next day. They were tended to by their rescuers before setting out for a major port. Only five men reached this destination; one man went to New England and the rest reached London on 14 October. Of the few survivors, William Boys survived to the age of 74; the surgeon, Scrimsour, to 80; and George Mould died at Greenwich Hospital aged 82.
The gruesome details of the survivors of the Luxborough Galley appeared in notices in newspapers. In September, the Evening Post and others reprinted the ghoulish report of the Boston Gazette. An account of the incident was the subject of a 1787 book by William Boys, the son of one survivor, Commodore William Boys, R.N. (c. 1700–1774), who had risen through the ranks to become lieutenant-governor of Greenwich Hospital.
The Penny Magazine of 1834 reproduced part of Boys' narrative, comparing it to the later disaster of the sinking of Royal George. The narrative detailed the journey leading up to the sinking, and the means by which they navigated, improvised a sail, and obtained a meagre amount of water. The frank account of the fifth day of the voyage gave the recipe for their continued survival,
The sensation of hunger was not so urgent, but we all saw the necessity of recruiting our bodies with some more substantial nourishment, and it was at this time we found ourselves impelled to adopt the horrible expedient of eating part of the bodies of our dead companions, and drinking their blood. Our surgeon, Mr. Scrimsour, a man of the utmost humanity, first suggested the idea, and, resolute to set us an example, ate the first morsel himself; but, at the second mouthful, turned his face away from as many as he could and wept. With great reluctance we brought ourselves to try different parts of the bodies of six, but could relish only the hearts, of which we ate three. We drank the blood of four. By cutting the throat a little while after death, we collected a little more than a pint from each body. Here I cannot but mention the particular respect shown by the men to the officers, for the men who were employed in the melancholy business of collecting the blood in a pewter bason that was in the boat, and the rest of the people, would never touch a drop till the captain, surgeon, and myself had taken as much as we thought proper. And I can truly affirm, we were so affected by this strong instance of their regard that we always left them a larger share than of right belonged to them. This expedient, so shocking in relation, and so distressing to us in the use, was undoubtedly the means of preserving those who survived, as we constantly found ourselves refreshed and invigorated by this nourishment, however unnatural.
We often saw birds flying over our heads, and fish playing round the boat's stern, which we strove to catch with our hat-bands knotted together, and a pin for a hook, baited with a piece of the dead men's bodies; but with all our contrivance could not catch either fish or bird.
John Nichols mentions Boys' work in his Literary Anecdotes, and ends his retelling of the events by remarking on the "very great age" of the few survivors. A series of paintings detailing the events was displayed by the younger Boys in his parlour, according to Thomas Pennant.
Another series of small paintings, attributed to John Cleveley the Elder in 1727, are assumed to be reproductions of the same; these were acquired by the Greenwich Hospital and are now part of th
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The survivors, with improvised sail, in the mid-Atlantic. Cleveley, c. 1727.[3]
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{}
| 2,000 | 1,548 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Criticism_of_Muhammad
|
Criticism of Muhammad
|
Early Middle Ages
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Criticism of Muhammad / Critics / Christian criticism / Early Middle Ages
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English: This 1508 engraving by Dutch artist Lucas van Leyden illustrates a legend about Mohammed that circulated in Europe during the medieval era; according to a 1908 New York Times article which reprinted this image, "The famous print of the year, 1508, is an illustration of the story of the Prophet Mohammed and the Monk Sergius. Mohammed, when in company with his friend Sergius, drank too much wine and fell asleep. Before he awakened a soldier killed Sergius and placed the sword in Mohammed's hand. When the prophet wakened the soldier and his companions told him that while drunk he had slain the monk. Therefore Mohammed forbade the drinking of wine by his followers." A high-resolution reproduction of this engraving can be viewed here, and a museum catalog listing giving all its specifics is here; this copy is in the Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco.
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Criticism of Muhammad has existed since the 7th century, when Muhammad was decried by his non-Muslim Arab contemporaries for preaching monotheism, and by the Jewish tribes of Arabia for what they claimed were unwarranted appropriation of Biblical narratives and figures, vituperation of the Jewish faith, and proclaiming himself as "the last prophet" without performing any miracle or showing any personal requirement demanded in the Hebrew Bible to distinguish a true prophet chosen by the God of Israel from a false claimant. For these reasons, they gave him the derogatory nickname ha-Meshuggah. During the Middle Ages various Western and Byzantine Christian thinkers considered Muhammad to be a perverted, deplorable man, a false prophet, and even the Antichrist, as he was frequently seen in Christendom as a heretic or possessed by demons. Some of them, like Thomas Aquinas, criticized Muhammad's promises of carnal pleasure in the afterlife.
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The earliest documented Christian knowledge of Muhammad stems from Byzantine sources, written shortly after Muhammad's death in 632. In the Doctrina Jacobi nuper baptizati, a dialogue between a recent Christian convert and several Jews, one participant writes that his brother "wrote to [him] saying that a deceiving prophet has appeared amidst the Saracens". Another participant in the Doctrina replies about Muhammad: "He is deceiving. For do prophets come with sword and chariot?, …[Y]ou will discover nothing true from the said prophet except human bloodshed".
One Christian who came under the early dominion of the Islamic Caliphate was John of Damascus (c. 676–749 AD), who was familiar with Islam and Arabic. The second chapter of his book, The Fount of Wisdom, titled "Concerning Heresies", presents a series of discussions between Christians and Muslims. John claimed that an Arian monk (whom he did not know was Bahira) influenced Muhammad and the writer viewed the Islamic doctrines as nothing more than a hodgepodge culled from the Bible. Among the first sources representing Muhammad is the polemical work "Concerning Heresy" (Perì hairéseōn) of John of Damascus, translated from Greek into Latin. In this manuscript, the Syrian priest represents Muhammad as a "false prophet," and an "Antichrist". Some demonstrate that Muhammad was pointed out in this manuscript as "Mamed", but this study was corrected by Ahlam Sbaihat who affirmed that it is the form ΜΩΑΜΕθ (Moameth) which is mentioned in this manuscript. The phoneme h and the gemination of m do not exist in Greek so it has disappeared from John's uses.
From the 9th century onwards, highly negative biographies of Muhammad were written in Latin, such as the one by Álvaro of Córdoba proclaiming him the Antichrist. Since the 7th century, Muhammad and his name have been connected to several stereotypes. Many sources mentioned exaggerated and sometimes wrong stereotypes. These stereotypes are born in the East but adopted by or developed in Western cultures. These references played a principal role in introducing Muhammad and his religion to the West as the false prophet, Saracen prince or deity, the Biblical beast, a schismatic from Christianity and a satanic creature, and the Antichrist.
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Muhammed and the Monk Sergius (Bahira), 1508, by Dutch artist Lucas van Leyden. In early Christian criticism, it was claimed that Bahira was a heretical monk whose errant views inspired the Qur'an.[32]
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{}
| 1,151 | 1,536 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oakland,_California
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Oakland, California
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Sports
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Oakland, California / Sports
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English: The checklist card of the 1984 Mother's Cookies Oakland Athletics trading cards set. An aerial photograph of the Oakland Coliseum appears on the front of the card and a checklist of all 28 of the trading cards in the set appears on the back. The card is numbered #28 in the set.
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Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States. A major West Coast port city, Oakland is the largest city in the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay Area, the third largest city overall in the San Francisco Bay Area, the eighth most populated city in California, and the 45th most populated city in the United States. With a population of 433,031 as of 2019, it serves as a trade center for the San Francisco Bay Area; its Port of Oakland is the busiest port in the San Francisco Bay, the entirety of Northern California, and the fifth busiest in the United States of America. An act to incorporate the city was passed on May 4, 1852, and incorporation was later approved on March 25, 1854, which officially made Oakland a city. Oakland is a charter city.
Oakland's territory covers what was once a mosaic of California coastal terrace prairie, oak woodland, and north coastal scrub. Its land served as a rich resource when its hillside oak and redwood timber were logged to build San Francisco. Oakland's fertile flatland soils helped it become a prolific agricultural region.
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Oakland currently has professional teams in two sports: baseball and indoor football. The Oakland Athletics MLB club won three consecutive World Series championships in 1972, 1973, and 1974, and appeared in another three consecutive World Series from 1988 to 1990, winning their fourth championship in 1989. On November 28, 2018, the Athletics announced plans to build a new ballpark at Howard Terminal, set to open in 2023. In 2020, the Oakland Panthers of the Indoor Football League will begin play.
Oakland's former football team, the Oakland Raiders of the National Football League (NFL), won Super Bowl XI in 1976, Super Bowl XV in 1980, and Super Bowl XVIII in 1983, while they were in Los Angeles. They also appeared in Super Bowl II in 1967 and Super Bowl XXXVII in 2002. The Raiders left Oakland for Los Angeles in 1982, where they won a third Super Bowl championship and returned to Oakland in 1995. The Raiders have since relocated to Las Vegas and are now known as the Las Vegas Raiders.
Oakland's former basketball team, the Golden State Warriors won the 1974–75, 2014–15, 2016–17, and the 2017–18 NBA championships, while losing in 2016 and 2019. The Warriors announced in April 2014 that they would leave Oakland once their new arena was built across the Bay in San Francisco. In 2019, the Warriors moved to Chase Center across the Bay. Since the team remained in the Bay Area, they decided not to revert to the San Francisco Warriors name it had in its first stint with the city.
Oakland's former sports teams include:
Oakland Raiders, National Football League, 1960–1981, 1995–2019. (played at the Oakland Coliseum before relocating to Las Vegas in 2020.)
Golden State Warriors, National Basketball Association, 1971–2019. (played in Oakland Arena before moving back to San Francisco for the 2019–20 season.)
Oakland Oaks, Pacific Coast League of Baseball, 1903–1955. (The Oaks played at Oaks Park in Emeryville after 1912.)
Oakland Larks, West Coast Negro Baseball League, 1946.
Oakland Hornets, member of American Football League (1944)
Oakland Oaks, American Basketball League, 1962.
Oakland Oaks, American Basketball Association, 1967–1969.
Oakland Seals, National Hockey League, 1967–1976.
Oakland Clippers, National Professional Soccer League, 1967; North American Soccer League, 1968.
Oakland Stompers, North American Soccer League, 1978.
Oakland Invaders, United States Football League, 1983–1985.
Oakland Skates, Roller Hockey International, 1993–1996.
Oakland Slammers, International Basketball League, 2005–2006.
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The Oakland Coliseum, home of the Oakland Athletics baseball team
| 1,247 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 1,514 | 1,100 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kazuki_Tomono
|
Kazuki Tomono
|
2017–2018 season: Worlds debut
|
Kazuki Tomono / Career / 2017–2018 season: Worlds debut
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English: Photos – World Championships 2018 – Men (Kazuki TOMONO JPN – 5th Place)
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Kazuki Tomono is a Japanese figure skater. He is the 2018 Rostelecom Cup bronze medalist and has represented Japan at the Four Continents and World Championships, achieving his best placement, fifth, at the 2018 World Championships.
|
Tomono began his season with a fifth-place finish at the 2017 U.S. Figure Skating Classic. In November, he replaced Daisuke Murakami at the 2017 NHK Trophy and finished 7th.
He placed fourth overall at the 2018 Japan Championships after placing fifth in both segments.
At the 2018 Coupe du Printemps, he won the silver medal at the senior men's competition.
He was selected to compete at the 2018 Worlds in Milan, Italy after the withdrawal of Yuzuru Hanyu. He finished eleventh in the short program, third in the free skate, and fifth overall, setting new personal bests in all segments of the competition. His breakout performances and result helped Team Japan secure three berths for the 2019 World Figure Skating Championships.
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Tomono placed 5th at the 2018 World Championships
| 1,262 | 0 |
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| null | 400 | 600 |
{}
| 400 | 600 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Restoration_and_tolerance_of_Paganism_from_Julian_until_Valens
|
Restoration and tolerance of Paganism from Julian until Valens
|
Religious toleration under Jovian, Valentinian and Valens
|
Restoration and tolerance of Paganism from Julian until Valens / Religious toleration under Jovian, Valentinian and Valens
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Français : Feuillet d'un diptyque des Nicomaques et des Symmaques : prêtresse de Cérès accomplissant un rite en l'honneur de Cybèle. Ivoire, œuvre italienne (de Rome ?), vers 400 ap. J.-C. Provenance : puits de l'abbaye de Montier-en-Der, diocèse de Langres (Haute-Marne). L'autre feuillet est conservé au Victoria and Albert Museum de Londres.
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The restoration and tolerance of Paganism from Julian until Valens, from 361 till 375 was a brief period of relative tolerance towards Pagans, preceded by the persecutions of Constantius II and followed by those of Emperor Gratian.
Under the sole rule of the emperor Julian from 361 to 363, Paganism saw an attempt at restoration; while from 363 till 375, under the reigns of Jovian, Valens and Valentinian I, it received a relative tolerance.
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After the death of Julian, Jovian seems to have instituted a policy of religious toleration which avoided the extremes of Constantius and Julian. Under Valentinian and Valens this period of religious toleration continued. Pagan writers praise both of these emperors for their liberal religious policies. Valentinian, who ruled in the west, seems to have only been a halfhearted Christian as he avoided attending his inaugural ceremony by twenty-four hours in order to avoid an inauspicious day (the intercalary day of the bissextile year). Valentinian and Valens granted complete toleration for all cults at the beginning of their reign in 364. Valentinian even allowed the performance of nocturnal sacrifices, which had been previously prohibited due to the attempt of some people to practice unlawful divination under the cover of the night, after the proconsul of Greece appealed to him. Valentinian also confirmed the rights and privileges of the Pagan priests and confirmed the right of Pagans to be the exclusive caretakers of their temples. Valens, who was ruling in the east, was an Arian and was too engaged with fighting against the Orthodox Christians to bother much with the Pagans. In both the west and east severe laws were once again passed prohibiting private divination. Due to the over zealousness of the populace to stop harmful divination, the haruspices and augurs began to be afraid to show themselves in public. This led the emperors to formally authorize the practice of official and lawful divination by law in 371.
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Ivory diptych of a priestess of Ceres, still in fully classical style, ca 400: the "idol" was defaced and thrown in a well at Montier-en-Der (later an abbey) where it was found. (Musée de Cluny) Many works of art were destroyed in the Christian era.[11]
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/11/Symmachi-Nicomachi_diptych_2.JPG
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| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 926 | 1,985 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Irish_War_of_Independence
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Irish War of Independence
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North-east
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Irish War of Independence / North-east
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English: Conflict deaths of the Troubles 1920-1922 in Belfast, areas with more than 50/100/150 deaths per km² Deutsch: Tote der Unruhen in Belfast zwischen 1920 und 1922, Gebiete mit mehr als 50/100/150 Toten pro km²
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The Irish War of Independence or Anglo-Irish War was a guerrilla war fought in Ireland from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army and British forces: the British Army, along with the quasi-military Royal Irish Constabulary and its paramilitary forces the Auxiliaries and Ulster Special Constabulary. It was an escalation of the Irish revolutionary period into warfare.
In April 1916, Irish republicans launched the Easter Rising against British rule and proclaimed an Irish Republic. Although it was crushed after a week of fighting, the Easter Rising and the British response led to greater popular support for Irish independence. In the December 1918 election, the republican party Sinn Féin won a landslide victory in Ireland. On 21 January 1919 they formed a breakaway government and declared Irish independence. That day, two RIC officers were shot dead in the Soloheadbeg ambush by IRA volunteers acting on their own initiative. The conflict developed gradually. For much of 1919, IRA activity involved capturing weaponry and freeing republican prisoners, while the Dáil set about building a state.
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In the Government of Ireland Act 1920 (enacted in December 1920), the British government attempted to solve the conflict by creating two Home Rule parliaments in Ireland: Northern Ireland and Southern Ireland. While Dáil Éireann ignored this, deeming the Irish Republic to be already in existence, Unionists in the north-east accepted it and prepared to form their own government. In this part of Ireland, which was predominantly Protestant and Unionist, there was, as a result, a very different pattern of violence from the rest of the country. Whereas in the south and west, the conflict was between the IRA and British forces, in the north-east and particularly in Belfast, it often developed into a cycle of sectarian killings between Catholics, who were largely Nationalist, and Protestants, who were mostly Unionist.
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Conflict deaths in Belfast 1920–1922. 50–100 deaths per km² 100–150 deaths per km² over 150 deaths per km²
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/a9/Conflict_deaths_of_the_Troubles_1920-1922_in_Belfast.jpg
| 1,228 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 1,208 | 1,136 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juan_Manuel_Moreno
|
Juan Manuel Moreno
| null |
Juan Manuel Moreno
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Jornada de clausura Convención 2019 Partido Popular en Madrid.
| null | true | false |
Juan Manuel Moreno Bonilla is a Spanish politician and member of the People's Party, currently and since 18 January 2019 President of the Regional Government of Andalusia as well as President of the PP Andalusian branch. He represented the Cantabria constituency in the Spanish Congress of Deputies from 2000 to 2004 and the Málaga constituency from 2007 to 2011. He has also been a member of the Senate of Spain and Parliament of Andalusia.
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Juan Manuel Moreno Bonilla (born 1 May 1970) is a Spanish politician and member of the People's Party, currently and since 18 January 2019 President of the Regional Government of Andalusia as well as President of the PP Andalusian branch. He represented the Cantabria constituency in the Spanish Congress of Deputies from 2000 to 2004 and the Málaga constituency from 2007 to 2011. He has also been a member of the Senate of Spain and Parliament of Andalusia.
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On 20 January 2019
| 1,265 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,109 | 1,478 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_the_Mesozoic_life_of_Wyoming
|
List of the Mesozoic life of Wyoming
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K
|
List of the Mesozoic life of Wyoming / K
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English: Size comparison of Kaatedocus siberi and a human.
| null | false | true |
This list of the Mesozoic life of Wyoming contains the various prehistoric life-forms whose fossilized remains have been reported from within the US state of Wyoming and are between 252.17 and 66 million years of age.
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†Kaatedocus – type locality for genus
†Kaatedocus siberi – type locality for species
†Koskinonodon – type locality for genus
†Koskinonodon perfectus – type locality for species
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Diagram illustrating the size of the Late Jurassic long-necked dinosaur Kaatedocus with an anachronistic human to scale
| 1,264 | 0 |
success
| null | 865 | 219 |
{}
| 865 | 219 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savai%CA%BBi
|
Savaiʻi
|
Geography
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Savaiʻi / Geography
| null | null | false | false |
Savaiʻi is the largest and highest island in Samoa and the Samoan Islands chain. The island is the sixth largest in Polynesia, behind the three main islands of New Zealand and the Hawaiian Islands of Hawaii and Maui.
The island of Savaiʻi is also referred to by Samoans as Salafai, a classical Samoan term used in oratory and prose. The island is home to 43,142 people who make up 24% of the country's population.
The only township and ferry terminal is Salelologa, the main entry point to the island, situated at the east end of Savaiʻi. A tar sealed road serves as the one main highway, connecting most of the villages with local buses reaching most settlements.
Savaiʻi is made up of six itūmālō. Each district is made up of villages with strong traditional ties of kinship, history, land and matai chief titles. There is also some limited ecotourism development which operates mostly within the villages. The Mau, Samoa's non-violent movement for political independence during colonialism in the early 1900s, had its beginnings on Savaiʻi with the Mau a Pule movement.
The island is the largest shield volcano in the South Pacific with recent eruptions in the early 1900s.
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Savaiʻi island lies north west of Upolu. These two largest islands of Samoa are separated by the Apolima Strait which is about 8 miles (13 km) wide with the small inhabited islands of Manono and Apolima between them.
Savaiʻi island is of volcanic origin and the mountainous interiors are covered with dense rain forests. The surrounding landscape consists of fertile plateaux and coastal plains with numerous rivers and streams.
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Diagram showing how islands are formed by hotspots
| 1,269 | 0 |
failed_to_resize
| null | null | null | null | null | null |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maritime_industries_of_Taiwan
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Maritime industries of Taiwan
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Shipbuilding
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Maritime industries of Taiwan / Shipbuilding
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中文（繁體）: 艤裝中的行政院海岸巡防署海洋巡防總局宜蘭艦（CG128）
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The maritime industries of Taiwan are a large part of Taiwan’s economy. Industries of particular importance are shipbuilding, boat building, maritime transport, aquaculture, mariculture, commercial fishing, seafood processing, offshore wind power and various forms of tourism. Deep sea mining, especially of dormant hydrothermal vents, is also being considered for the future. In 2018 Taiwan was the fourth largest yacht building nation. Taiwan is home to a number of maritime museums and maritime colleges.
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The modern shipbuilding industry of Taiwan began in 1948 when the Government established the Taiwan Shipbuilding Corporation (TSBC) in Keelung. In 1957 the US based Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation established the Ingalls Taiwan Shipbuilding and Drydock Company, which subsequently rented the TSBC shipyard and produced 14 vessels between 1957 and 1962. The Government prioritized shipbuilding as one of the core industries of the economy, in 1973 they established the China Shipbuilding Corporation which was merged with TSBC in 1978. In 2008 the ship and boat building industry had a production value of 2.09b USD with CSBC accounting for 54% of production, small and medium yards 22% and yacht builders 16%.
As of 2009 there were 116 shipyards (including 34 yacht builders) and 10 marine equipment companies in Taiwan. Major shipyards include CSBC Corporation, Taiwan, Jong Shyn Shipbuilding Company, and Lungteh Shipbuilding. Military and Coast Guard orders make up a large portion of shipbuilders books by dollar value. Between the Taiwanese Navy and the Coast Guard Administration Taiwan spends approximately a billion dollars a year on new vessel construction.
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Yilan (CG128) under construction
| 1,251 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tambunan_District
|
Tambunan District
| null |
Tambunan District
|
English: Tambunan District Office (Majlis Daerah Tambunan)
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Tambunan District Council
| true | false |
The Tambunan District is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the Interior Division which includes the districts of Beaufort, Keningau, Kuala Penyu, Nabawan, Sipitang, Tambunan and Tenom. The capital of the district is in Tambunan Town.
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The Tambunan District (Malay: Daerah Tambunan) is an administrative district in the Malaysian state of Sabah, part of the Interior Division which includes the districts of Beaufort, Keningau, Kuala Penyu, Nabawan, Sipitang, Tambunan and Tenom. The capital of the district is in Tambunan Town.
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Tambunan District Council office.
| 1,263 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,800 | 1,041 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_Regio
|
Alpha Regio
| null |
Alpha Regio
| null | null | true | false |
Alpha Regio is a region of the planet Venus extending for about 1500 kilometers centered at 22°S, 5°E.
It was discovered and named by Richard Goldstein in 1964. The name was approved by the International Astronomical Union's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature between 1976 and 1979. Maxwell Montes, Alpha Regio, and Beta Regio are the three exceptions to the rule that the surface features of Venus are to be named for females: women or goddesses.
The surface of the region is what is known as Tessera, meaning a terrain that has been highly deformed and where the deformation strikes in multiple directions and is closely spaced. The term comes from the Greek word for “tiled”. Like all tessera regions, it sits above the surrounding terrain at an elevation of 1 to 2 kilometers, and is heavily deformed by what appears to be contractional folding. Like most tessera units, the surrounding volcanic plains appear to have flowed around Alpha's margins and thus are younger than Alpha.
An infrared map prepared by the Venus Express orbiter shows that the rocks on the Alpha Regio plateau are lighter in colour and look old compared to the majority of the planet.
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Alpha Regio is a region of the planet Venus extending for about 1500 kilometers centered at 22°S, 5°E.
It was discovered and named by Richard Goldstein in 1964. The name was approved by the International Astronomical Union's Working Group for Planetary System Nomenclature (IAU/WGPSN) between 1976 and 1979. Maxwell Montes, Alpha Regio, and Beta Regio are the three exceptions to the rule that the surface features of Venus are to be named for females: women or goddesses.
The surface of the region is what is known as Tessera, meaning a terrain that has been highly deformed and where the deformation strikes in multiple directions and is closely spaced. The term comes from the Greek word for “tiled” (Russian investigators analyzing Venera 15 and Venera 16 imagery thought this terrain looked like a parquet floor). Like all tessera regions, it sits above the surrounding terrain at an elevation of 1 to 2 kilometers, and is heavily deformed by what appears to be contractional folding. Like most tessera units, the surrounding volcanic plains appear to have flowed around Alpha's margins and thus are younger than Alpha.
An infrared map prepared by the Venus Express orbiter shows that the rocks on the Alpha Regio plateau are lighter in colour and look old compared to the majority of the planet. On Earth, such light-coloured rocks are usually granite and form continents.
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A portion of Alpha Regio is displayed in this three-dimensional perspective view of the surface of Venus.
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/32/Alpha_Regio_3D.jpg
| 1,166 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 5,000 | 4,000 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GNR_Class_J4
|
GNR Class J4
| null |
GNR Class J4
|
English: An ex-GN 0-6-0 at Immingham Locomotive Depot. Resting in the Yard is ex-Great Northern J3 0-6-0 No. 4142. (See also TA1915 : A Gresley K2 2-6-0 at Immingham Locomotive Depot).
| null | true | true |
The Great Northern Railway J4 Class was a class of 302 0-6-0 steam locomotives, introduced in 1882 designed by Patrick Stirling for goods traffic. Just over half of these were rebuilt to a design by Henry Ivatt between 1912 and 1928.
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The Great Northern Railway J4 Class was a class of 302 0-6-0 steam locomotives, introduced in 1882 designed by Patrick Stirling for goods traffic. Just over half of these were rebuilt to a design by Henry Ivatt between 1912 and 1928.
|
LNER J4 No. 4142. at Immingham Locomotive Depot 1947
| 1,266 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,390 | 1,436 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Two_Centuries_of_Silence
|
Two Centuries of Silence
| null |
Two Centuries of Silence
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English: Two centuries of silence book فارسی: کتاب دو قرن سکوت
| null | true | false |
Two Centuries of Silence is a book written in Persian by Abdolhossein Zarrinkoub, a prominent Iranian scholar of Iran's culture, history and literature. The work is a historical account of the events and circumstances of the first two centuries of the Iranian history following the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century AD until the rise of the Tahirid Dynasty, a Muslim dynasty of native Iranian origin.
Zarrinkoub presents a lengthy discussion on the large flux and influence of the Arabs on the literature, language, culture and society of Persia during the two centuries following the Islamic conquest of Iran. Zarrinkoub discusses how the Arab/Islamic conquest was followed by almost "two centuries of silence" socially, culturally and politically by native Persians.
In the preface to the second edition of his book, in 1957, Zarinkoob writes, “I picked up my pen and crossed out what was dubious, dark, and incorrect in the first edition. Many such instances were occasions that in the past―either due to immaturity or by prejudice―I had been unable to rightly acknowledge the faults, iniquities, and defeats of Iran." "Now, did I do my duty properly in this revision?
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Two Centuries of Silence (Persian: دو قرن سکوت, romanized: Do Qarn Sokut, [d̪o ɢæɾn soˈkʰuːt̪ʰ]) is a book written in Persian by Abdolhossein Zarrinkoub, a prominent Iranian scholar of Iran's culture, history and literature. The work is a historical account of the events and circumstances of the first two centuries of the Iranian history following the Arab conquest of Iran in the 7th century AD until the rise of the Tahirid Dynasty, a Muslim dynasty of native Iranian origin.
Zarrinkoub presents a lengthy discussion on the large flux and influence of the Arabs on the literature, language, culture and society of Persia during the two centuries following the Islamic conquest of Iran. Zarrinkoub discusses how the Arab/Islamic conquest was followed by almost "two centuries of silence" socially, culturally and politically by native Persians.
In the preface to the second edition of his book, in 1957, Zarinkoob writes, “I picked up my pen and crossed out what was dubious, dark, and incorrect in the first edition. Many such instances were occasions that in the past―either due to immaturity or by prejudice―I had been unable to rightly acknowledge the faults, iniquities, and defeats of Iran." "Now, did I do my duty properly in this revision? I do not know, and I am still of the opinion that the moment a history writer chooses a topic, he has strayed from neutrality."
According to Touraj Daryaee, Two Centuries of Silence "has been the standard book for the Persian audience for the past half a century. It is only recently that new works are being accepted as an alternative to Zarrinkub’s view."
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First edition cover
| 1,231 | 0 |
success
| null | 500 | 665 |
{}
| 500 | 665 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doctor_Manhattan
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Doctor Manhattan
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Scientific accuracy
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Doctor Manhattan / Characterization / Powers and abilities / Scientific accuracy
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English: The following is the author's description of the photograph quoted directly from the photograph's Flickr page."Argonne National Laboratory and Idaho National Laboratory have announced a collaboration to study how to better recycle spent nuclear fuel." Read morePhoto: Samples from Idaho National Laboratory's Advanced Test Reactor (ATR) core will be sent to Argonne's ATLAS particle accelerator for analysis to learn the characteristics of the nuclear material. Powered up, the fuel plates can be seen glowing bright blue. The core is submerged in water for cooling." More on the ATR
| null | false | true |
Doctor Manhattan, often shortened to Dr. Manhattan, is a fictional character who appears in comics published by DC Comics. He is not considered a super hero. He debuted in the graphic novel limited series Watchmen, published in 1986 and 1987. Doctor Manhattan was created by writer Alan Moore with artist Dave Gibbons.
The Watchmen series is noted for addressing metaphysical issues and questions, Doctor Manhattan being the primary exponent. He is often used as an example of a post-human god. Reception towards the character is positive and he has appeared and has been mentioned in various forms of media. Doctor Manhattan later appeared in the Before Watchmen comic book prequel, with his own individual issue miniseries.
In 2016, as part of DC Comics' Rebirth relaunch, Manhattan became a major character in the DC Universe. He was revealed to be responsible for the Flashpoint event, creating The New 52 timeline in the process a factor that removed 10 years of history of the DC characters. This led him to become one of the main characters in the Doomsday Clock miniseries, published from 2017 to 2019. In 2019, Manhattan also became a major character in HBO's Watchmen.
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In the 2009 film adaptation Watchmen, physics professor James Kakalios of the University of Minnesota was used as a scientific consultant, and shed light on the potential scientific explanations of Doctor Manhattan's powers both in the film and the comic.
Kakalios explained that the intrinsic field has basis in reality in that it is a representation of a collection of the electromagnetic, and strong and weak nuclear forces. Kakalios explained that if a being were able to manipulate matter, such a being would have complete control over these three forces; hence, the "intrinsic field" would exist. Kakalios also explained that while it is unlikely, Doctor Manhattan's teleportation abilities could seemingly be achieved through quantum tunnelling, should Doctor Manhattan have control over his probability wave functions.
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Cherenkov radiation inspired Doctor Manhattan's appearance in the 2009 film adaptation.
| 1,270 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,791 | 3,668 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Temple,_Modhera
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Sun Temple, Modhera
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Pillars
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Sun Temple, Modhera / Architecture / Pillars
|
English: Sun (Surya) Temple (11th century) at Modhera (Gujarat, India) Author : Uday Parmar
| null | false | true |
The Sun Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to the solar deity Surya located at Modhera village of Mehsana district, Gujarat, India. It is situated on the bank of the river Pushpavati. It was built after 1026-27 CE during the reign of Bhima I of the Chaulukya dynasty. No worship is offered now and is protected monument maintained by Archaeological Survey of India. The temple complex has three components: Gudhamandapa, the shrine hall; Sabhamandapa, the assembly hall and Kunda, the reservoir. The halls have intricately carved exterior and pillars. The reservoir has steps to reach the bottom and numerous small shrines.
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The pillars of Sabhamandapa and Gudhamandapa are of two types; short and tall. The short pillars rest on the walls and support the roof. The tall pillars rise from the floor.
Short pillars
The shaft is square in shape to half of its height followed by the vase and then followed by an octagonal shaft. It is surmounted by a capital and a bracket. The square part has a floral design in a circle on each side of the face. The vase is decorated similarly on its corners. The octagonal part has four bands; the topmost has kirtimukha. The capital has three annulets.
Tall pillars
They arise from square or octagonal base, kumbhi, with triangular ornamentation on each face. Above it is kalasha. It is followed by a deep band and the next is kevala decorated with chaitya-windows. the next is kirtimukha. The next is triangular pediment with chaitya-windows.
The next is the beginning of the shaft. It is first decorated with standing figures, mostly dancers, on all eight faces enclosed in ringed pilasters. The next band with scenes of men and beasts is separated from it by the round pillow-like band. It is followed by a still smaller band with sixteen standing human figures separated by small annulet below. The next is a band of leaves. Then the shaft becomes circular and had three or four bands having a row of male warriors, lozenges, circles and kirtimukha at last. The kirtimukhas are separated by chain and bell ornamentation.
It follows capital similar to small pillars crowned with makara brackets if eight stilted pillar and dwarfs in the rests. the eight stilted pillars have one more shaft and similar type of capital which is crowned with brackets of volutes and pendant leaves.
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Pillars of Kirti-Torana and steps leading to Kunda
| 1,267 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,272 | 1,704 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sarah_Orne_Jewett
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Sarah Orne Jewett
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Career
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Sarah Orne Jewett / Career
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English: Black and white portrait of American author Sarah Orne Jewett, reading from a book. Image from Literary Pilgrimages in New England to the Homes of Famous Makers of American Literature... by Edwin M. Bacon. New York: Silver, Burdett and Company, 1902: p. 129
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Theodora Sarah Orne Jewett was an American novelist, short story writer and poet, best known for her local color works set along or near the southern seacoast of Maine. Jewett is recognized as an important practitioner of American literary regionalism.
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At age 19, Jewett published her first important story in the Atlantic Monthly, and her reputation grew throughout the 1870s and 1880s. Her literary importance arises from her careful, if subdued, vignettes of country life that reflect a contemporary interest in local color rather than in plot. Jewett possessed a keen descriptive gift that William Dean Howells called "an uncommon feeling for talk — I hear your people." Jewett made her reputation with the novella The Country of the Pointed Firs (1896). A Country Doctor (1884), a novel reflecting her father and her early ambitions for a medical career, and A White Heron (1886), a collection of short stories are among her finest work. Some of Jewett's poetry was collected in Verses (1916), and she also wrote three children's books. Willa Cather described Jewett as a significant influence on her development as a writer, and "feminist critics have since championed her writing for its rich account of women's lives and voices."
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Sarah Orne Jewett reading.
| 1,271 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 1,512 | 1,028 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISS_National_Lab
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ISS National Lab
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History
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ISS National Lab / History
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English: The International Space Station is featured in this image photographed by an STS-132 crew member on board the Space Shuttle Atlantis after the station and shuttle began their post-undocking relative separation. Undocking of the two spacecraft occurred at 10:22 CDT on 23 May 2010, ending a seven-day stay that saw the addition of a new station module, Rassvet, replacement of batteries and resupply of the orbiting outpost.
| null | false | true |
The ISS US National Lab, commonly known as the ISS National Lab, is a US government-funded national laboratory established in 2005 by the 2005 NASA Authorization Act. With principal research facilities located in the United States Orbital Segment of the International Space Station, the Laboratory conducts research in life sciences, physical sciences, technology development and remote sensing for a broad range of academic, government and commercial users. Of the 270 payloads that the Center for the Advancement of Science in Space has sent to the ISS, 176 have been for commercial companies including Merck, Novartis, Eli Lilly and Company, Hewlett-Packard Enterprise, Honeywell, and Procter & Gamble.
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The ISS has been an operational science platform since the installation of the Destiny module in February 2001. The 2005 NASA Authorization Act designated the US segment of ISS as a National Lab in order to “…help improve life on Earth, foster relationships among NASA, other Federal agencies, and the private sector, and advance STEM education through utilization of unique ISS Capabilities in microgravity.” In the NASA Authorization Act of 2010, Congress directed NASA to choose a not-for-profit entity to manage the US National Lab. In August 2011, NASA entered into a 10-year agreement with CASIS in order to fully develop the ISS US segment as a National Laboratory. In July 2017, NASA extended the contract with CASIS to manage the US National Lab through September 2024.
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International Space Station after undocking of STS-132
| 1,272 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 3,319 | 2,116 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_male_professional_bodybuilders
|
List of male professional bodybuilders
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S
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List of male professional bodybuilders / S
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English: Photo of Arnold Schwarzenegger before defending the title for his fifth Mr. Olympia contest in 1974.
| null | false | true |
This is a list of male professional bodybuilders.
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Feras Saied
Frank Saldo
Monte Saldo
Bruno Sammartino, longest reigning champion in professional wrestling history
Silvio Samuel
Eugen Sandow, "father" of modern bodybuilding
Miloš Šarčev
Marko Savolainen, "Supermass"
Günter Schlierkamp, "The Gentle Giant"
Sonny Schmidt, "Samoan" 1995 Masters Olympia Champion
Armin Scholz
Arnold Schwarzenegger, "The Oak", Mr Universe 1968, seven-time Mr. Olympia, actor, politician
Larry Scott, "The Legend", 2-time Mr. Universe, 2-time Mr. Olympia
Vic Seipke
Sergey Shelestov
Radosław Słodkiewicz
Gary Strydom
Joel Stubbs
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Arnold Schwarzenegger in 1974.
| 1,277 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 925 | 1,344 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Populus
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Populus
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Description
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Populus / Description
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Nederlands: Populier mannelijke bloeiwijze English: Populus x canadensis male inflorescences
| null | false | false |
Populus is a genus of 25–30 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere. English names variously applied to different species include poplar, aspen, and cottonwood.
The western balsam poplar was the first tree whose full DNA code had been determined by DNA sequencing, in 2006.
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The genus has a large genetic diversity, and can grow from 15–50 m (49–164 ft) tall, with trunks up to 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) in diameter.
The bark on young trees is smooth, white to greenish or dark grey, and often has conspicuous lenticels; on old trees, it remains smooth in some species, but becomes rough and deeply fissured in others. The shoots are stout, with (unlike in the related willows) the terminal bud present. The leaves are spirally arranged, and vary in shape from triangular to circular or (rarely) lobed, and with a long petiole; in species in the sections Populus and Aigeiros, the petioles are laterally flattened, so that breezes easily cause the leaves to wobble back and forth, giving the whole tree a "twinkling" appearance in a breeze. Leaf size is very variable even on a single tree, typically with small leaves on side shoots, and very large leaves on strong-growing lead shoots. The leaves often turn bright gold to yellow before they fall during autumn.
The flowers are mostly dioecious (rarely monoecious) and appear in early spring before the leaves. They are borne in long, drooping, sessile or pedunculate catkins produced from buds formed in the axils of the leaves of the previous year. The flowers are each seated in a cup-shaped disk which is borne on the base of a scale which is itself attached to the rachis of the catkin. The scales are obovate, lobed, and fringed, membranous, hairy or smooth, and usually caducous. The male flowers are without calyx or corolla, and comprise a group of four to 60 stamens inserted on a disk; filaments are short and pale yellow; anthers are oblong, purple or red, introrse, and two-celled; the cells open longitudinally. The female flower also has no calyx or corolla, and comprises a single-celled ovary seated in a cup-shaped disk. The style is short, with two to four stigmata, variously lobed, and numerous ovules. Pollination is by wind, with the female catkins lengthening considerably between pollination and maturity. The fruit is a two- to four-valved dehiscent capsule, green to reddish-brown, mature in midsummer, containing numerous minute light brown seeds surrounded by tufts of long, soft, white hairs which aid wind dispersal.
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Male catkins of Populus × canadensis
| 1,273 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 1,356 | 2,016 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Boro_Bike_Tour
|
Five Boro Bike Tour
| null |
Five Boro Bike Tour
|
Five Boro Bike tour 2008. Photo was taken at the Starting point at the World Trade Center Site. New York City
| null | false | true |
The TD Five Boro Bike Tour is an annual recreational cycling event in New York City. It is produced by Bike New York. Conducted on the first Sunday of May, the 40-mile ride includes over 30,000 riders. The route takes riders through all five of New York's boroughs and across five major bridges. The entire route, including bridges and expressways which normally prohibit cyclists, is closed to automobile traffic for the ride.
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The TD Five Boro Bike Tour is an annual recreational cycling event in New York City. It is produced by Bike New York. Conducted on the first Sunday of May, the 40-mile (64 km) ride includes over 30,000 riders. The route takes riders through all five of New York's boroughs and across five major bridges. The entire route, including bridges and expressways which normally prohibit cyclists, is closed to automobile traffic for the ride.
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Riders at the starting point
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4b/Jrb_05042008_five_boro_bike_tour_new_york_001.jpg
| 1,268 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 3,072 | 2,304 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iwate-Kawaguchi_Station
|
Iwate-Kawaguchi Station
| null |
Iwate-Kawaguchi Station
|
（岩手川口駅）
| null | true | false |
Iwate-Kawaguchi Station is a railway station on the Iwate Ginga Railway Line in the town of Iwate, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, operated by the Iwate Ginga Railway.
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Iwate-Kawaguchi Station (岩手川口駅, Iwate-Kawaguchi-eki) is a railway station on the Iwate Ginga Railway Line in the town of Iwate, Iwate Prefecture, Japan, operated by the Iwate Ginga Railway.
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Iwate-Kawaguchi Station in August 2007
| 1,275 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,280 | 960 |
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serravalle,_Switzerland
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Serravalle, Switzerland
| null |
Serravalle, Switzerland
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Malvaglia, Ticino
|
Malvaglia
| true | true |
Serravalle is a municipality of the district Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was created on 1 April 2012 when the former municipalities of Malvaglia, Semione and Ludiano merged to form the new municipality of Serravalle.
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Serravalle is a municipality of the district Blenio in the canton of Ticino in Switzerland. It was created on 1 April 2012 when the former municipalities of Malvaglia, Semione and Ludiano merged to form the new municipality of Serravalle.
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Malvaglia
| 1,274 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 3,072 | 2,304 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Depressaria_pimpinellae
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Depressaria pimpinellae
| null |
Depressaria pimpinellae
|
English: Stainton’s Natural History of the Tineina (1855–1873): Depressaria pimpinellae
| null | false | true |
Depressaria pimpinellae is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Portugal and most of the Balkan Peninsula.
The wingspan is 16–22 mm. Adults are on wing from September and after overwintering, again in the following spring.
The larvae feed on Pimpinella saxifraga and Pimpinella major. They live in a silken spinning.
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Depressaria pimpinellae is a moth of the family Depressariidae. It is found in most of Europe, except Ireland, Portugal and most of the Balkan Peninsula.
The wingspan is 16–22 mm. Adults are on wing from September and after overwintering, again in the following spring.
The larvae feed on Pimpinella saxifraga and Pimpinella major. They live in a silken spinning.
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Larva
| 1,286 | 0 |
success
| null | 272 | 173 |
{}
| 272 | 173 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sikorsky_H-19_Chickasaw
|
Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw
|
Operational history
|
Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw / Operational history
|
English: Sikorsky H-19D Chickasaw
| null | false | true |
The Sikorsky H-19 Chickasaw was a multi-purpose helicopter used by the United States Army and United States Air Force. It was also license-built by Westland Aircraft as the Westland Whirlwind in the United Kingdom. United States Navy and United States Coast Guard models were designated HO4S, while those of the U.S. Marine Corps were designated HRS. In 1962, the U.S. Navy, U.S. Coast Guard and U.S. Marine Corps versions were all redesignated as H-19s like their U.S. Army and U.S. Air Force counterparts.
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The H-19 Chickasaw holds the distinction of being the U.S. Army's first true transport helicopter and, as such, played an important role in the initial formulation of Army doctrine regarding air mobility and the battlefield employment of troop-carrying helicopters. The H-19 underwent live service tests in the hands of the 6th Transportation Company, during the Korean War beginning in 1951 as an unarmed transport helicopter. Undergoing tests such as medical evacuation, tactical control and frontline cargo support, the helicopter succeeded admirably in surpassing the capabilities of the H-5 Dragonfly which had been used throughout the war by the Army.
The U.S. Marine Corps made extensive use of the H-19 in the Korean War. It was designated as the HRS in USMC service. Marine Squadron HMR-161 arrived in Korea on September 2, 1951 with 15 HRS-1 helicopters. The new helicopter squadron started operations upon arrival. On September 13, 1951, during Operation Windmill I, HMR-161 transported 18,848 pounds of gear and 74 Marines onto a ridge in the Punchbowl area. A week later HMR-161 shuttled 224 recon company marines and 17,772 pounds of supplies to a remote hilltop in the same area. Their performance continued to improve and in Operation Haylift II on February 23–27, 1953, HMR-161 lifted 1.6 million pounds of cargo to resupply two regiments. Although HMR-161 helicopters were operating in hot landing zones they did not lose any helicopters to enemy fire. HRS-1 helicopters were also used to relocate rocket launcher batteries. Because rockets create much visible dust when fired they make an easy target for enemy artillery. To reduce their exposure, launchers and crews were moved twice a day. Each HRS-1 helicopter carried four rocket launchers and extra rockets as external cargo, with the crew in the cabin. The HRS-1 helicopter proved to be durable and reliable in Korean service. One reportedly flew home after losing 18 in (46 cm) of main rotor blade to a tree. HMR-161 reported 90% aircraft availability.
The U.S. Air Force ordered 50 H-19A's for rescue duties in 1951. These aircraft were the primary rescue and medical evacuation helicopters for the USAF during the Korean War. The Air Force continued to use the H-19 through the 1960s, ultimately acquiring 270 of the H-19B model.
On 1 September 1953, Sabena used the S-55 to inaugurate the first commercial helicopter service in Europe, with routes between Rotterdam and Maastricht in the Netherlands and Cologne and Bonn in Germany.
France made aggressive use of helicopters in Algeria, both as troop transports and gunships, Piasecki/Vertol H-21 and Sud-built Sikorski H-34 helicopters rapidly displaced fixed-wing aircraft for the transport of paras and quick-reaction commando teams. In Indochina, a small number of Hiller H-23s and Sikorsky H-19s were available for casualty evacuation. In 1956, the French Air Force experimented with arming the H-19, then being superseded in service by the more capable Piasecki H-21 and Sikorsky H-34 helicopters. The H-19 was originally fitted with a 20-mm cannon, two rocket launchers, two 12.7-mm machine guns, and a 7.5-mm light machine gun firing from the cabin windows, but this load proved far too heavy, and even lightly armed H-19 gunships fitted with flexible machine guns for self-defense proved underpowered.
The H-19 was also used by the French forces in the First Indochina War. A small number of war-worn H-19s were given to the Republic of Vietnam Air Force in 1958, when the French military departed. These saw very limited service in the early days of the Vietnam War, before being supplanted by the more capable Sikorsky H-34 Choctaw.
The H-19 left U.S. military service when the CH-19E was retired by U.S. Navy squadron HC-5 on 26 February 1969. Surplus H-19s were sold on the open market, and civil interest was sufficient that Sikorsky (and later Orlando Helicopter Airways) offered conversion kits allowing a military surplus H-19 to be commercially operated under a standard Federal Aviation Administration type certificate as an S-55B. Turboshaft con
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H-19D on display at the Museum of Aviation
| 1,233 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{}
| 6,001 | 4,004 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katholischer_Studentenverein_Arminia_Bonn
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Katholischer Studentenverein Arminia Bonn
| null |
Katholischer Studentenverein Arminia Bonn
|
Vorstand der K.St.V. Arminia Bonn im Wintersemester 1896/97, rechts Konrad Adenauer
| null | false | false |
The Katholischer Studentenverein Arminia is one of Germany's oldest Catholic male student societies.
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The Katholischer Studentenverein Arminia (Catholic Students Society Arminia) is one of Germany's oldest Catholic male student societies.
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Arminia's board in 1896/97 - on the very right side Konrad Adenauer
| 1,285 | 0 |
success
| null | 643 | 460 |
{"Image Software": "GIMP 2.6.5", "Image DateTime": "2009:02:28 18:59:23"}
| 643 | 460 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Neuveville
|
La Neuveville
|
Economy
|
La Neuveville / Economy
|
Deutsch: Bahnhof la Neuveville/BE Schweiz
| null | false | false |
La Neuveville is a municipality in the Jura bernois administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland, located in the French-speaking Bernese Jura.
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As of 2011, La Neuveville had an unemployment rate of 1.7%. As of 2008, there were a total of 1,468 people employed in the municipality. Of these, there were 48 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 20 businesses involved in this sector. 578 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 44 businesses in this sector. 842 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 127 businesses in this sector. There were 1,650 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 43.8% of the workforce.
In 2008 there were a total of 1,223 full-time equivalent jobs. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 34, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 536 of which 451 or (84.1%) were in manufacturing and 69 (12.9%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 653. In the tertiary sector; 123 or 18.8% were in wholesale or retail sales or the repair of motor vehicles, 48 or 7.4% were in the movement and storage of goods, 66 or 10.1% were in a hotel or restaurant, 13 or 2.0% were in the information industry, 15 or 2.3% were the insurance or financial industry, 61 or 9.3% were technical professionals or scientists, 50 or 7.7% were in education and 223 or 34.2% were in health care.
In 2000, there were 809 workers who commuted into the municipality and 928 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 1.1 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. A total of 722 workers (47.2% of the 1,531 total workers in the municipality) both lived and worked in La Neuveville.
Of the working population, 13.5% used public transportation to get to work, and 56.2% used a private car.
In 2011 the average local and cantonal tax rate on a married resident of La Neuveville making 150,000 CHF was 12.4%, while an unmarried resident's rate was 18.2%. For comparison, the average rate for the entire canton in 2006 was 13.9% and the nationwide rate was 11.6%. In 2009 there were a total of 1,538 tax payers in the municipality. Of that total, 603 made over 75 thousand CHF per year. There were 9 people who made between 15 and 20 thousand per year. The average income of the over 75,000 CHF group in La Neuveville was 132,219 CHF, while the average across all of Switzerland was 130,478 CHF.
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La Neuveville train station
| 1,276 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,048 | 1,536 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_Quijano
|
Aníbal Quijano
| null |
Aníbal Quijano
|
Quito, Ecuador. 25 de agosto de 2015. El Canciller Subrogante, Xavier Lasso inaugura el III Congreso Latinoamericano y Caribeño de Ciencias Sociales, que se realiza en Quito en las instalaciones de FLACSO Ecuador, como parte de la evento se destaca la ponencia magistral del Sociólogo Peruano, Aníbal Quijano. Carlos Pozo / Cancillería Ecuador
| null | false | false |
Aníbal Quijano was a Peruvian sociologist and humanist thinker, known for having developed the concept of "coloniality of power". His body of work has been influential in the fields of decolonial studies and critical theory.
|
Aníbal Quijano (17 November 1930 – 31 May 2018) was a Peruvian sociologist and humanist thinker, known for having developed the concept of "coloniality of power". His body of work has been influential in the fields of decolonial studies and critical theory.
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Quijano in August 2015
| 1,244 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,046 | 1,802 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahatao,_Batanes
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Mahatao, Batanes
| null |
Mahatao, Batanes
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English: San Carlos Borromeo Church
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Mahatao Church
| true | true |
Mahatao, officially the Municipality of Mahatao, is a 6th class municipality in the province of Batanes, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 1,555 people.
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Mahatao, officially the Municipality of Mahatao (Ivatan: Kavahayan nu Mahatao; Tagalog: Bayan ng Mahatao), is a 6th class municipality in the province of Batanes, Philippines. According to the 2015 census, it has a population of 1,555 people.
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Mahatao Church
| 1,279 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 4,608 | 2,592 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neanderthals_in_popular_culture
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Neanderthals in popular culture
| null |
Neanderthals in popular culture
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Neanderthal Museum Krapina
| null | false | true |
Neanderthals have been portrayed in popular culture since the early 20th century. Early depictions were based on notions of the proverbially crude, low-browed caveman; since the latter part of the 20th century, some depictions were modeled on more sympathetic reconstructions of life in the Middle Paleolithic era.
In popular idiom, the word "Neanderthal" is sometimes used as an insult, to suggest that a person combines a deficiency in intelligence and a tendency to use brute force. It may also imply that the person is old-fashioned or attached to outdated ideas, much in the same way as the terms "dinosaur" or "Yahoo" are also used.
There are a number of sympathetic literary portrayals of Neanderthals, as in the novel The Inheritors by William Golding, Isaac Asimov's short story "The Ugly Little Boy", or the more serious treatment by Finnish palaeontologist Björn Kurtén, and British psychologist Stan Gooch in his hybrid-origin theory of humans.
|
Neanderthals have been portrayed in popular culture since the early 20th century. Early depictions were based on notions of the proverbially crude, low-browed caveman; since the latter part of the 20th century, some depictions were modeled on more sympathetic reconstructions of life in the Middle Paleolithic era.
In popular idiom, the word "Neanderthal" is sometimes used as an insult, to suggest that a person combines a deficiency in intelligence and a tendency to use brute force. It may also imply that the person is old-fashioned or attached to outdated ideas, much in the same way as the terms "dinosaur" or "Yahoo" are also used.
There are a number of sympathetic literary portrayals of Neanderthals, as in the novel The Inheritors by William Golding, Isaac Asimov's short story "The Ugly Little Boy", or the more serious treatment by Finnish palaeontologist Björn Kurtén (in several works including Dance of the Tiger), and British psychologist Stan Gooch in his hybrid-origin theory of humans.
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Sculptural family group at Krapina Neanderthal Site (Croatia)
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Krapina-Neanderthal-3.JPG
| 1,282 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,816 | 2,112 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sabrina_Jeffries
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Sabrina Jeffries
| null |
Sabrina Jeffries
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English: American novelist Sabrina Jeffries.
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Sabrina Jeffries
| true | true |
Sabrina Jeffries is the pen name of a best-selling American author of romance novels, who also writes under the pen names Deborah Martin and Deborah Nicholas.
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Sabrina Jeffries is the pen name of a best-selling American author of romance novels, who also writes under the pen names Deborah Martin and Deborah Nicholas.
|
Sabrina Jeffries
| 1,290 | 0 |
success
| null | 305 | 321 |
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| 305 | 321 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yousef_al-Mahafdha
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Yousef al-Mahafdha
|
Involvement in Bahraini Uprising
|
Yousef al-Mahafdha / Involvement in Bahraini Uprising
|
English: S. Yousif al-Mahafdha and Zainab al-Khawaja obsvering a protest in Jidhafs
| null | false | true |
Yousef al-Mahafdha is a member of the Bahrain Centre for Human Rights and the organization's acting vice president.
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In February 2011, large-scale pro-democracy protests began in Bahrain as part of the international Arab Spring. Al-Mahafdha is a member of the board of directors at BCHR who participated in the 12 March 2011 march on the royal palace. Eight days later, his family reported that a group of 25 plainclothes police officers had come to his home at night and searched it, though al-Mahafda himself had been absent. His family was reportedly told that if al-Mahafda did not come to the police station voluntarily, the police officers would return "every night" until he did. BCHR also alleged that security forces were working to block al-Mahafdha's travels. On 5 December 2011, al-Mahafdha, Rajab, and Mohammed Al-Maskati of the Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights were named in a death threat by Adel Flaifel, a former State Securities Services official, causing the International Federation for Human Rights and World Organisation Against Torture to call for an international letter-writing campaign on their behalf. On 6 January 2012, a stun grenade thrown by security forces injured al-Mahafda's arm during a protest.
On 25 January 2012, al-Mahafdha participated in an open seminar organised by Al Wefaq, Bahrain's main opposition party, in which he criticized the government on freedom of press, suppression of peaceful protests, blocking opposition websites and delaying visits of international human rights organizations. After the arrest of BCHR president Nabeel Rajab, al-Mahafdha became acting head of the organization.
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Al-Mahafdha and Zainab al-Khawaja monitoring a protest in Jidhafs and tweeting about updates
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| 647 | 952 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Bangalore
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List of birds of Bangalore
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Family: Ciconiidae
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List of birds of Bangalore / Ciconiiformes / Family: Ciconiidae
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A painted stork standing tall at the Ranganthittu Bird Sanctuary, Karnataka, India.
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The following is a list of birds found in and around Bangalore in Karnataka, India.
The Nandi Hills, Bannerghatta forest ranges and the Kaveri valley/Sangam area are included in addition to the Bangalore city limits roughly extending 40 kilometres around the city centre. The area has been studied from early times due to its climate and accessibility during the Colonial period. This list also includes annotations. This list is largely based on an annotated checklist published in 1994. The family placement and sequence of families is based on the IOC world bird list.
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Painted stork, Mycteria leucocephala
Asian openbill, Anastomus oscitans
Woolly-necked stork, Ciconia episcopus
White stork, Ciconia ciconia
Black stork, Ciconia nigra
Black-necked stork, Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus
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Painted stork
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success
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| 1,432 | 2,104 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Air_India_Flight_245
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Air India Flight 245
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Air India Flight 245
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English: Air India L-1049G Super Constellation at Prague Airport
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Air India Flight 245 was a scheduled Air India passenger flight that crashed into Mont Blanc, France on the morning of 3 November 1950.
The plane operating the flight was a Lockheed L-749A Constellation named Malabar Princess, registered VT-CQP. It was piloted by Captain Alan R. Saint, 34, and co-pilot V. Y. Korgaokar. It was carrying 40 passengers and 8 crew on a Bombay-Istanbul-Geneva-London route. While over France, descending towards Geneva Airport, the flight crashed into the French Alps, killing all on board.
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Air India Flight 245 was a scheduled Air India passenger flight that crashed into Mont Blanc, France on the morning of 3 November 1950.
The plane operating the flight was a Lockheed L-749A Constellation named Malabar Princess, registered VT-CQP. It was piloted by Captain Alan R. Saint, 34, and co-pilot V. Y. Korgaokar. It was carrying 40 passengers and 8 crew on a Bombay-Istanbul-Geneva-London route. While over France, descending towards Geneva Airport, the flight crashed into the French Alps, killing all on board.
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A similar Lockheed Constellation at Prague Airport in 1961
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{}
| 1,024 | 683 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aircraft_in_fiction
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Aircraft in fiction
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Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2
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Aircraft in fiction / Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2
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Aircraft in fiction covers various real-world aircraft that have made significant appearances in fiction over the decades, including in books, films, toys, TV programs, video games, and other media. These appearances spotlight the popularity of different models of aircraft, and showcase the different types for the general public.
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A replica Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2c was used in the production of the BBC Great War drama series Wings which aired in 1977–1978. The replica was originally commissioned in 1969 by Universal Studios for a proposed big-budget film Biggles Sweeps the Skies but the project was cancelled after the aircraft was built. The replica was constructed by engineer and pilot Charles Boddington who was later killed during the making of the 1971 film Von Richthofen & Brown. His son Matthew recently rebuilt the aircraft (after it was badly damaged in an accidental crash in the US) and it flew again at Sywell aerodrome, UK, in 2011.
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A Royal Aircraft Factory B.E.2
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/5f/Royal_aircraft_factory_BE2c_at_the_Imperial_War_Museum.jpg
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,396 | 1,376 |
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Milan
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Milan
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Milan
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English: 7 of The Most Iconic Landmarks and Places of MilanItaliano: 7 dei luoghi e luoghi più famosi di Milano
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Clockwise from top: Porta Nuova, Sforza Castle, La Scala, Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milano Centrale railway station, Arch of Peace and Milan Cathedral.
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Milan is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome. Milan served as the capital of the Western Roman Empire, the Duchy of Milan and the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.
The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million while its metropolitan city has 3.26 million inhabitants. Its continuously built-up urban area, that stretches well beyond the boundaries of the administrative metropolitan city, is the fourth largest in the EU with 5.27 million inhabitants. The population within the wider Milan metropolitan area, also known as Greater Milan, is estimated at 8.2 million, making it by far the largest metropolitan area in Italy and the 3rd largest in the EU.
Milan is considered a leading alpha global city, with strengths in the fields of art, commerce, design, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, services, research and tourism. Its business district hosts Italy's stock exchange, and the headquarters of national and international banks and companies. In terms of GDP, it has the second-largest economy among EU cities after Paris, and is the wealthiest among EU non-capital cities.
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Milan (/mɪˈlæn/, US also /mɪˈlɑːn/, Milanese: [miˈlãː] (listen); Italian: Milano [miˈlaːno] (listen)) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome. Milan served as the capital of the Western Roman Empire, the Duchy of Milan and the Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia.
The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million while its metropolitan city has 3.26 million inhabitants. Its continuously built-up urban area, that stretches well beyond the boundaries of the administrative metropolitan city, is the fourth largest in the EU with 5.27 million inhabitants. The population within the wider Milan metropolitan area, also known as Greater Milan, is estimated at 8.2 million, making it by far the largest metropolitan area in Italy and the 3rd largest in the EU.
Milan is considered a leading alpha global city, with strengths in the fields of art, commerce, design, education, entertainment, fashion, finance, healthcare, media, services, research and tourism. Its business district hosts Italy's stock exchange (Italian: Borsa Italiana), and the headquarters of national and international banks and companies. In terms of GDP, it has the second-largest economy among EU cities after Paris, and is the wealthiest among EU non-capital cities. Milan is considered part of the Blue Banana and one of the "Four Motors for Europe".
The city has been recognized as one of the world's four fashion capitals thanks to several international events and fairs, including Milan Fashion Week and the Milan Furniture Fair, which are currently among the world's biggest in terms of revenue, visitors and growth. It hosted the Universal Exposition in 1906 and 2015. The city hosts numerous cultural institutions, academies and universities, with 11% of the national total of enrolled students. Milan is the destination of 8 million overseas visitors every year, attracted by its museums and art galleries that include some of the most important collections in the world, including major works by Leonardo da Vinci. The city is served by many luxury hotels and is the fifth-most starred in the world by Michelin Guide. The city is home to two of Europe's most successful football teams, A.C. Milan and F.C. Internazionale, and one of Europe's main basketball teams, Olimpia Milano. Milan will host the 2026 Winter Olympics together with Cortina d'Ampezzo.
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Clockwise from top: Porta Nuova, Sforza Castle, La Scala, Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II, Milano Centrale railway station, Arch of Peace and Milan Cathedral.
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_architecture
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Japanese architecture
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Japanese architecture
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English: The building in this photograph is the Kinkaku, or Golden Pavilion, which is the shariden at Rokuonji, the Temple of the Golden Pavilion, in Kyoto, Japan. Same exposure as Image:Kinkaku3402.jpg and Image:Kinkaku3402CB.jpg (see gallery). I retouched the upper left corner to remove some pine needles. Français : Le bâtiment sur cette photographie est Kinkaku, ou Pavillon Doré, qui est le shariden à Rokuonji, le Temple du Pavillon Doré, à Kyoto, Japon. Même exposition que Kinkaku3402 et Kinkaku3402CB (voir galerie). Coin en haut à gauche retouché pour enlever des épines de pin.
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Japanese architecture has been typified by wooden structures, elevated slightly off the ground, with tiled or thatched roofs. Sliding doors were used in place of walls, allowing the internal configuration of a space to be customized for different occasions. People usually sat on cushions or otherwise on the floor, traditionally; chairs and high tables were not widely used until the 20th century. Since the 19th century, however, Japan has incorporated much of Western, modern, and post-modern architecture into construction and design, and is today a leader in cutting-edge architectural design and technology.
The earliest Japanese architecture was seen in prehistoric times in simple pit-houses and stores adapted to the needs of a hunter-gatherer population. Influence from Han Dynasty China via Korea saw the introduction of more complex grain stores and ceremonial burial chambers.
The introduction of Buddhism in Japan during the sixth century was a catalyst for large-scale temple building using complicated techniques in wood. Influence from the Chinese Sui and Tang dynasties led to the foundation of the first permanent capital in Nara.
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Japanese architecture (日本建築, Nihon kenchiku) has been typified by wooden structures, elevated slightly off the ground, with tiled or thatched roofs. Sliding doors (fusuma) were used in place of walls, allowing the internal configuration of a space to be customized for different occasions. People usually sat on cushions or otherwise on the floor, traditionally; chairs and high tables were not widely used until the 20th century. Since the 19th century, however, Japan has incorporated much of Western, modern, and post-modern architecture into construction and design, and is today a leader in cutting-edge architectural design and technology.
The earliest Japanese architecture was seen in prehistoric times in simple pit-houses and stores adapted to the needs of a hunter-gatherer population. Influence from Han Dynasty China via Korea saw the introduction of more complex grain stores and ceremonial burial chambers.
The introduction of Buddhism in Japan during the sixth century was a catalyst for large-scale temple building using complicated techniques in wood. Influence from the Chinese Sui and Tang dynasties led to the foundation of the first permanent capital in Nara. Its checkerboard street layout used the Chinese capital of Chang'an as a template for its design. A gradual increase in the size of buildings led to standard units of measurement as well as refinements in layout and garden design. The introduction of the tea ceremony emphasised simplicity and modest design as a counterpoint to the excesses of the aristocracy.
During the Meiji Restoration of 1868 the history of Japanese architecture was radically changed by two important events. The first was the Kami and Buddhas Separation Act of 1868, which formally separated Buddhism from Shinto and Buddhist temples from Shinto shrines, breaking an association between the two which had lasted well over a thousand years.
Second, it was then that Japan underwent a period of intense Westernization in order to compete with other developed countries. Initially, architects and styles from abroad were imported to Japan, but gradually the country taught its own architects and began to express its own style. Architects returning from study with Western architects introduced the International Style of modernism into Japan. However, it was not until after the Second World War that Japanese architects made an impression on the international scene, firstly with the work of architects like Kenzo Tange and then with theoretical movements, like Metabolism.
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Kinkaku-ji, Kyoto, originally built in 1397 (Muromachi period)
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| 2,125 | 1,489 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_castle
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Japanese castle
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Buildings
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Japanese castle / Architecture and defenses / Buildings
| null | null | false | false |
Japanese castles were fortresses constructed primarily of wood and stone. They evolved from the wooden stockades of earlier centuries, and came into their best-known form in the 16th century. Castles in Japan were built to guard important or strategic sites, such as ports, river crossings, or crossroads, and almost always incorporated the landscape into their defenses.
Though they were built to last and used more stone in their construction than most Japanese buildings, castles were still constructed primarily of wood, and many were destroyed over the years. This was especially true during the Sengoku period, when many of these castles were first built. However, many were rebuilt, either later in the Sengoku period, in the Edo period that followed, or more recently, as national heritage sites or museums. Today there are more than one hundred castles extant, or partially extant, in Japan; it is estimated that once there were five thousand. Some castles, such as the ones at Matsue and Kōchi, both built in 1611, remain extant in their original forms, not having suffered any damage from sieges or other threats.
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The castle keep, usually three to five stories tall, is known as the tenshukaku (天守閣), and may be linked to a number of smaller buildings of two or three stories. Some castles, notably Azuchi, had keeps of as many as seven stories. The keep was the tallest and most elaborate building in the complex, and often also the largest. The number of stories and building layout as perceived from outside the keep rarely corresponds to the internal layout; for example, what appears to be the third story from outside may in fact be the fourth. This certainly must have helped to confuse attackers, preventing them from knowing which story or which window to attack, and likely disorienting the attacker somewhat once he made his way in through a window.
The least militarily equipped of the castle buildings, the keep was defended by the walls and towers, and its ornamental role was never ignored; few buildings in Japan, least of all castle keeps, were ever built with attention to function purely over artistic and architectural form. Keeps were meant to be impressive not only in their size and in implying military might, but also in their beauty and the implication of a daimyō's wealth. Though obviously well within the general sphere of Japanese architecture, much of the aesthetics and design of the castle was quite distinct from styles or influences seen in Shintō shrines, Buddhist temples, or Japanese homes. The intricate gables and windows are a fine example of this.
On those occasions when a castle was infiltrated or invaded by enemy forces, the central keep served as the last bastion of refuge, and a point from which counter-attacks and attempts to retake the castle could be made. If the castle ultimately fell, certain rooms within the keep would more often than not become the site of the seppuku (ritual suicide) of the daimyō, his family, and closest retainers.
Palisades lined the top of the castle's walls, and patches of trees, usually pines, symbolic of eternity or immortality, were planted along them. These served the dual purpose of adding natural beautiful scenery to a daimyō's home, representing part of his garden, and also obscuring the insides of the castle compound from spies or scouts.
A variety of towers or turrets, called yagura (櫓), placed at the corners of the walls, over the gates, or in other positions, served a number of purposes. Though some were used for the obvious defensive purposes, and as watchtowers, others served as water towers or for moon-viewing. As the residences of purportedly wealthy and powerful lords, towers for moon-viewing, balconies for taking in the scenery, tea rooms and gardens proliferated. These were by no means solely martial structures, but many elements served dual purposes. Gardens and orchards, for example, though primarily simply for the purpose of adding beauty and a degree of luxuriousness to the lord's residence, could also provide water and fruit in case of supplies running down due to siege, as well as wood for a variety of purposes.
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Reconstructed Kokura Castle from the nearby Japanese garden.
| 1,298 | 0 |
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| null | 640 | 480 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanye_West_production_discography
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Kanye West production discography
| null |
Kanye West production discography
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Kanye West working in the studio
| null | false | true |
The following list is a discography of production by Kanye West, an American rapper and record producer. It includes all of his work, as well as music he produced and co-produced. The music is listed in sequential order by release date.
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The following list is a discography of production by Kanye West, an American rapper and record producer. It includes all of his work, as well as music he produced and co-produced. The music is listed in sequential order by release date.
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West working in the studio with his mentor No I.D. (left)
| 1,288 | 0 |
success
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| 3,888 | 2,592 |
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https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nightwing
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Nightwing
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Nightwing
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Nightwing cosplay.
| null | false | true |
Nightwing is a name that has been used by several fictional characters in the DC Comics Universe. The name was used early on with characters related to Superman. Superman was the first to use the name. The most well know use of the name for a character was the original Robin, Dick Grayson. The Comic book Nightwing, about this version of the character was printed from 1996 until 2009. A new volume of the comic has been published from 2011 and is still being published today.
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Nightwing is a name that has been used by several fictional characters in the DC Comics Universe. The name was used early on with characters related to Superman. Superman was the first to use the name. The most well know use of the name for a character was the original Robin, Dick Grayson. The Comic book Nightwing, about this version of the character was printed from 1996 until 2009. A new volume of the comic has been published from 2011 and is still being published today.
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Nightwing cosplayer
| 1,300 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 2,304 | 3,456 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peniocereus_greggii
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Peniocereus greggii
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Description
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Peniocereus greggii / Description
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English: Peniocereus greggii (var. transmontanus) with fruit in the Sonoran Desert of Sahuarita, Arizona.
| null | false | true |
Peniocereus greggii is a cactus species native to Arizona, New Mexico, Texas; and Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Sonora, and Zacatecas. Common names include Arizona queen of the night, nightblooming cereus and Reina de la noche. The species name greggii honors Josiah Gregg, a merchant, explorer, naturalist, and author of the American Southwest and Northern Mexico.
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This cactus has stems about 1/2-1 inch wide with 6-9 edges. Its flowers are white, up to 30 centimetres in diameter with a scent redolent of vanilla. The flowers open after sundown, closing and wasting after a few hours. By 9 am the next day they are gone.
They usually bloom one night a year in June or July. In any given area, they all bloom at the same time. They look dead during the rest of the year. They have a large tuber that tastes a bit like a potato. They tend to be ubiquitous throughout the higher Sonoran Desert area around Tucson. See "A Natural History of the Sonoran Desert" published by the Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum, pg 197.
Tohono Chul in Tucson, Arizona has the largest private collection of Sonoran Desert native Night-blooming Cereus - Peniocereus greggii. Each summer this botanical garden/museum hosts "Bloom Night," the one night each summer it is predicted the greatest number of cereus flowers will be in bloom, opening from 6pm until midnight to allow guests to stroll the grounds and view the flowers.
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Peniocereus greggii with fruit in Sahuarita, Arizona.
| 1,294 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 4,608 | 3,456 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Heathen_Chinee
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The Heathen Chinee
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Response
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The Heathen Chinee / Response
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English: The "Heathen Chinee", hand-colored lithograph illustrating Bret Harte's 1870 narrative poem satirizing anti-Chinese sentiment in northern California.
| null | false | true |
"The Heathen Chinee", originally published as "Plain Language from Truthful James", is a narrative poem by American writer Bret Harte. It was published for the first time in September 1870 in the Overland Monthly. It was written as a parody of Algernon Charles Swinburne's Atalanta in Calydon, and satirized anti-Chinese sentiment in northern California.
The poem became popular and was frequently republished. To Harte's dismay, however, the poem reinforced racism among his readers instead of challenging it as he intended. Nevertheless, he returned to the character years later. The poem also inspired or influenced several adaptations.
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"Plain Language from Truthful James" (or "The Heathen Chinee") was very popular among general readers. One New York newspaper reported on the frenzy over the poem: "Strolling down Broadway... we saw a crowd of men and boys, of high and low degree, swarming about a shop-window, pushing, laughing, and struggling... Elbowing our way through the crowd, we discovered an illustrated copy of Bret Harte's poem 'The Heathen Chinee.'"
The poem's popularity came, in part, from the ambiguity over its racial message. The narrator implies that the cheating of the Chinese man was no worse than that of the white man, but the irony was too subtle for general readers. The message matched one Harte had written elsewhere in exposing white people's hypocrisy. As he wrote later, the Chinese "did as the Caucasian did in all respects, and, being more patient and frugal, did it a little better".
Harte had repeatedly opposed anti-Chinese sentiment since as early as 1863, both privately and publicly. In 1866, for example, he wrote a letter defending the "peaceable citizens" of San Francisco's Chinatown who were "patient under abuse, and that patience, I am ashamed to say, they have to exercise continually in California". After the discovery of a murdered woman in Chinatown, whose cause of death was uncertain, Harte wrote, "as her head was caved in it is thought by some physicians that she died of galloping Christianity of the malignant California type".
In this vein, Harte intended "Plain Language from Truthful James" to be a satire of the prevalent prejudice among Irish laborers in northern California against the Chinese immigrants competing for the same work. However, the predominantly white middle-class readership of the Overland and the periodicals that reprinted it interpreted and embraced the poem as mocking the Chinese. These immigrants had been drawn in by the California Gold Rush and a boom in labor jobs, but relations with American-born citizens were tense. The more recent economic downturn in California had made tensions even worse. Readers took certain phrases of the poem out of context, including "we are ruined by Chinese cheap labor!", and used the poem to reinforce their own racism.
The poem was also frequently parodied. The poem "Three Aces", signed "Carl Byng", was published in the Buffalo Express in December 1870, not long after "Plain Language from Truthful James" first appeared. The poem was widely attributed to Mark Twain and labeled a "feeble imitation" of Harte. Twain angrily denied the charge and demanded a retraction, writing to the editor Thomas Bailey Aldrich, "I am not in the imitation business". Harte, in turn, targeted Twain years later in his 1893 story "Ingénue of the Sierras" by creating an unsavory character named "Charley Bing", modeled after Twain. The incident was one of several in a long rivalry between the two authors. In 1898, The Overland Monthly ran a poem making fun of Harte himself, who had moved to Europe in 1871 and never returned, for forgetting what life was like in the west.
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c.1871 Currier & Ives lithograph
| 1,299 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,536 | 1,145 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Store_Kongensgade_Faience_Manufactury
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Store Kongensgade Faience Manufactury
|
Products
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Store Kongensgade Faience Manufactury / Products
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Punch bowl from the factory in Store Kongensgade on display at Frederiksborg Castle, Danish Museum of National History, 2017
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Store Kongensgade Faience Manufactury, active from 1722 to the late 1770s, was a faience ceramics manufacturer located on Store Kongensgade in Copenhagen. It was the first manufacturer of faience in the Nordic countries. It is especially rememberred for its bishop-bowls and tray tables but has also produced decorative tiles for several historic buildings.
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A characteristic product from the faience factory in Store Kongensgade was so-called bishop-bowl, a type of punch bowl designed in the shape of a mitre (bishop's hat) and used for serving an alcoholic drink known as "bishop". The factory is also known for its tray tables. The porcelain has usually blue but manganese violet decorations are occasionally seen. More everyday items and tiles were also produced at the factory.
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Punch bowl from the factory on display at Frederiksborg Castle
| 1,293 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 3,648 | 5,472 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kit_Kat
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Kit Kat
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Global confection
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Kit Kat / Global confection
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English: A variety of Japanese exclusive Kit Kat flavors on display in a store in Osaka, Japan.
| null | false | true |
Kit Kat is a chocolate-covered wafer bar confection created by Rowntree's of York, United Kingdom, and is now produced globally by Nestlé, which acquired Rowntree in 1988, with the exception of the United States, where it is made under license by the H. B. Reese Candy Company, a division of The Hershey Company. The standard bars consist of two or four pieces composed of three layers of wafer, separated and covered by an outer layer of chocolate. Each finger can be snapped from the bar separately. There are many different flavours of Kit Kat, including milk, white, and dark chocolate.
The original four-finger version of the bar was developed after a worker at Rowntree's York factory put a suggestion in the recommendation box for 'a chocolate bar that a man could take to work in his pack up'. It was launched in September 1935 in the UK as Rowntree's Chocolate Crisp, and the later two-finger version was launched in 1936. It was renamed Kit Kat Chocolate Crisp in 1937, and just Kit Kat after World War II. Since 1957, the slogan for the Kit Kat in the UK and elsewhere has been "Have a break... have a Kit Kat".
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Kit Kat bars are produced in 16 countries by Nestlé: Brazil, Mexico, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, Germany, Russia, Japan, China, Malaysia, Thailand, India, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Bulgaria and Algeria. Kit Kat bars in the United States are produced under licence by The Hershey Company, a Nestlé competitor, due to a prior licensing agreement with Rowntree.
The year 2003 was a turning point for the Kit Kat bar as well as the confectionery industry in general. The popularity of low carb diets, and the push to healthier eating stifled sales growth in many parts of the world. In addition, fierce competition from Cadbury's newly formed Dairy Milk superbrand also contributed to Kit Kat sales decreasing considerably in its home market of the UK, and threatened to depose it from its No.1 position. The solution adopted by Nestlé and others was to increase dramatically the number of new and unique variations of their confections and market them as limited or special editions, usually only available for a few months at a time so as not lose sales of their standard products. The strategy initially reversed the decline of the Kit Kat and has been adopted worldwide by Nestlé, Hershey, Mars, and others with similar success.
This has resulted in many new flavours and varieties of the Kit Kat and other confections appearing globally since then. While some flavours succeeded, many failed, alienating some consumers in the process, causing Nestlé to scale back on new releases.
In September 2006, Nestlé announced that they would be cutting 645 jobs in their York factory and moving all Smarties production to their Hamburg factory, which had already been producing two-thirds. They stated that this move would allow for a £20 million investment to modernise the antiquated York factory and improve Kit Kat production.
As dark chocolate has seen increased demand and favour worldwide because of its purported health benefits, in September 2006 the four-finger Kit Kat Fine Dark was launched in the United Kingdom as a permanent product, and packaging for the entire brand was changed. Hershey had sold the four-finger Kit Kat Dark in the US several years previously as a limited edition, and began doing so again.
Nestlé now manufactures two-finger Kit Kats with natural flavourings, and for the first time, Kit Kats in this format are suitable for vegans. It is not known at this date whether or not other varieties will follow suit. In 2014, Kit Kat was ranked the third best selling chocolate bar in the United Kingdom, after Dairy Milk and Galaxy.
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Kit Kat varieties on display in Osaka, Japan
| 1,301 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illinois_Institute_of_Art_%E2%80%93_Chicago
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Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago
| null |
Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago
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Bedroom view down to the Illinois Institute of Art and the CTA tracks at the site of the 1977_Chicago_Loop_derailment.
| null | true | true |
Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was a for-profit art and culinary school, which briefly operated as a non-profit institution before it closed in 2018. The school was one of a number of Art Institutes, a franchise of for-profit art colleges with many branches in North America, owned and operated by Education Management Corporation. EDMC owned the college from 1975 until 2017, when, facing significant financial problems and declining enrollment, the company sold the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, along with 30 other Art Institute schools, to Dream Center Education, a Los Angeles-based Pentecostal organization.
Dream Center permanently closed 18 Art Institute schools, including the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, at the end of 2018.
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Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago was a for-profit art and culinary school, which briefly operated as a non-profit institution before it closed in 2018. The school was one of a number of Art Institutes, a franchise of for-profit art colleges with many branches in North America, owned and operated by Education Management Corporation. EDMC owned the college from 1975 until 2017, when, facing significant financial problems and declining enrollment, the company sold the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, along with 30 other Art Institute schools, to Dream Center Education, a Los Angeles-based Pentecostal organization.
Dream Center permanently closed 18 Art Institute schools, including the Illinois Institute of Art – Chicago, at the end of 2018.
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Illinois Institute of Art building
| 1,295 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glyptodon
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Glyptodon
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Carapace
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Glyptodon / Anatomy / Carapace
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English: Glyptodon skeleton Deutsch: Glyptodon Skelett
| null | false | true |
Glyptodon was a genus of large, heavily armored mammals of the subfamily Glyptodontinae – relatives of armadillos – that lived during the Pleistocene epoch. It was roughly the same size and weight as a Volkswagen Beetle, though flatter in shape. With its rounded, bony shell and squat limbs, it superficially resembled a turtle, and the much earlier dinosaurian ankylosaur – providing an example of the convergent evolution of unrelated lineages into similar forms. In 2016 an analysis of Doedicurus mtDNA found it was, in fact, nested within the modern armadillos as the sister group of a clade consisting of Chlamyphorinae and Tolypeutinae. For this reason, glyptodonts and all armadillos but Dasypus were relocated to a new family, Chlamyphoridae, and glyptodonts were demoted from the former family Glyptodontidae to a subfamily.
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It was covered by a protective shell composed of more than 1,000 2.5 cm-thick bony plates, called osteoderms or scutes. Each species of glyptodont had its own unique osteoderm pattern and shell type. With this protection, they were armored like turtles. Unlike most turtles, glyptodonts could not withdraw their heads, but instead had a bony cap on the top of their skull. Even the tail of Glyptodon had a ring of bones for protection. Such a massive shell needed considerable support, evidenced by features such as fused vertebrae, short but massive limbs, and a broad shoulder girdle.
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Glyptodon skeleton and shell in Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin
| 1,303 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janeth_Arcain
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Janeth Arcain
| null |
Janeth Arcain
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Foto: Divulgação
| null | true | false |
Janeth dos Santos Arcain is a retired Brazilian professional women's basketball player. She played in the United States for the Houston Comets in the Women's National Basketball Association from 1997–2005.
Arcain is one of the players inducted in the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2015. She was inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2019.
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Janeth dos Santos Arcain (Portuguese pronunciation: [ʒaˈnɛtʃi dus ˈsɐ̃tuz aɾˈkɐ̃j], born April 11, 1969 in São Paulo, Brazil) is a retired Brazilian professional women's basketball player. She played in the United States for the Houston Comets in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) from 1997–2005.
Arcain is one of the players inducted in the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2015. She was inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2019.
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Janeth in 2007
| 1,292 | 0 |
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| null | 512 | 512 |
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| 1,938 | 1,308 |
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_McLaughlin_(musician)
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John McLaughlin (musician)
| null |
John McLaughlin (musician)
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English: John McLaughlin, Blue Note, Chick Corea's 75th Birthday
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John McLaughlin performing on Chick Corea's 75th Birthday at the Blue Note Jazz Club in New York City on December 10, 2016
| true | true |
John McLaughlin is an English guitarist, bandleader, and composer. A pioneer of jazz fusion, his music combines elements of jazz with rock, world music, Indian classical music, Western classical music, flamenco, and blues.
After contributing to several key British groups of the early 1960s, McLaughlin made Extrapolation, his first album as a bandleader, in 1969. He then moved to the U.S., where he played with Tony Williams's group Lifetime and then with Miles Davis on his electric jazz-fusion albums In a Silent Way, Bitches Brew, Jack Johnson, and On the Corner. His 1970s electric band, the Mahavishnu Orchestra, performed a technically virtuosic and complex style of music that fused electric jazz and rock with Indian influences.
McLaughlin's solo on "Miles Beyond" from his album Live at Ronnie Scott's won the 2018 Grammy Award for the Best Improvised Jazz Solo. He has been awarded multiple "Guitarist of the Year" and "Best Jazz Guitarist" awards from magazines such as DownBeat and Guitar Player based on reader polls. In 2003, he was ranked 49th in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time".
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John McLaughlin (born 4 January 1942) is an English guitarist, bandleader, and composer. A pioneer of jazz fusion, his music combines elements of jazz with rock, world music, Indian classical music, Western classical music, flamenco, and blues.
After contributing to several key British groups of the early 1960s, McLaughlin made Extrapolation, his first album as a bandleader, in 1969. He then moved to the U.S., where he played with Tony Williams's group Lifetime and then with Miles Davis on his electric jazz-fusion albums In a Silent Way, Bitches Brew, Jack Johnson, and On the Corner. His 1970s electric band, the Mahavishnu Orchestra, performed a technically virtuosic and complex style of music that fused electric jazz and rock with Indian influences.
McLaughlin's solo on "Miles Beyond" from his album Live at Ronnie Scott's won the 2018 Grammy Award for the Best Improvised Jazz Solo. He has been awarded multiple "Guitarist of the Year" and "Best Jazz Guitarist" awards from magazines such as DownBeat and Guitar Player based on reader polls. In 2003, he was ranked 49th in Rolling Stone magazine's list of the "100 Greatest Guitarists of All Time". In 2009, DownBeat included McLaughlin in its unranked list of "75 Great Guitarists", in the "Modern Jazz Maestros" category. In 2012, Guitar World magazine ranked him 63rd on its top 100 list. In 2010, Jeff Beck called McLaughlin "the best guitarist alive," and Pat Metheny has also described him as the world's greatest guitarist. In 2017, McLaughlin was awarded an honorary doctorate of music from Berklee College of Music.
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John McLaughlin performing on Chick Corea's 75th Birthday at the Blue Note Jazz Club in New York City on December 10, 2016
| 1,306 | 0 |
success
| null | 512 | 512 |
{"Image Make": "Apple", "Image Model": "iPhone 6", "Image XResolution": "72", "Image YResolution": "72", "Image ResolutionUnit": "Pixels/Inch", "Image Software": "10.1", "Image DateTime": "2016:12:10 23:30:49", "Image ExifOffset": "180", "GPS GPSLatitudeRef": "N", "GPS GPSLatitude": "[40, 43, 5129/100]", "GPS GPSLongitudeRef": "W", "GPS GPSLongitude": "[74, 0, 143/50]", "GPS GPSAltitudeRef": "0", "GPS GPSAltitude": "7105/697", "GPS GPSTimeStamp": "[4, 30, 42]", "GPS GPSSpeedRef": "K", "GPS GPSSpeed": "0", "GPS GPSImgDirectionRef": "T", "GPS GPSImgDirection": "108979/342", "GPS GPSDestBearingRef": "T", "GPS GPSDestBearing": "108979/342", "GPS GPSDate": "2016:12:11", "GPS Tag 0x001F": "65", "Image GPSInfo": "1584", "EXIF ExposureTime": "1/30", "EXIF FNumber": "11/5", "EXIF ExposureProgram": "Program Normal", "EXIF ISOSpeedRatings": "160", "EXIF ExifVersion": "0221", "EXIF DateTimeOriginal": "2016:12:10 23:30:49", "EXIF DateTimeDigitized": "2016:12:10 23:30:49", "EXIF ComponentsConfiguration": "YCbCr", "EXIF ShutterSpeedValue": "5845/1191", "EXIF ApertureValue": "7892/3469", "EXIF BrightnessValue": "1129/803", "EXIF ExposureBiasValue": "0", "EXIF MeteringMode": "Spot", "EXIF Flash": "Flash did not fire, compulsory flash mode", "EXIF FocalLength": "83/20", "EXIF SubjectArea": "[2113, 1123, 610, 612]", "EXIF SubSecTimeOriginal": "441", "EXIF SubSecTimeDigitized": "441", "EXIF FlashPixVersion": "0100", "EXIF ColorSpace": "sRGB", "EXIF ExifImageWidth": "740", "EXIF ExifImageLength": "1039", "EXIF SensingMethod": "One-chip color area", "EXIF SceneType": "Directly Photographed", "EXIF ExposureMode": "Auto Exposure", "EXIF WhiteBalance": "Auto", "EXIF FocalLengthIn35mmFilm": "29", "EXIF SceneCaptureType": "Standard", "EXIF LensSpecification": "[83/20, 83/20, 11/5, 11/5]", "EXIF LensMake": "Apple", "EXIF LensModel": "iPhone 6 back camera 4.15mm f/2.2"}
| 740 | 1,039 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Carvel
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Richard Carvel
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Adaptations
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Richard Carvel / Adaptations
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English: Photograph of American actor John Drew Jr, in the role of Richard Carvel, a play by Edward Everett Rose based on the popular 1899 novel by Winston Churchill. See also https://books.google.com/books?id=YhoOAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA227#v=onepage&q&f=false
| null | false | true |
Richard Carvel is a historical novel by the American novelist Winston Churchill. It was first published in 1899 and was exceptionally successful, selling around two million copies and making the author a rich man. The novel takes the form of the memoirs of an eighteenth-century gentleman, the Richard Carvel of the title, and runs to eight volumes. It is set partly in Maryland and partly in London, England, during the American revolutionary era.
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Edward Everett Rose adapted the novel for the stage, and Richard Carvel, the play, appeared on Broadway between September 1900 and January 1901. There were 129 performances in all. Richard Carvel was played by John Drew and Dorothy Manners by Ida Conquest. The play was produced by Charles Frohman at the Empire Theatre.
Waltzes from the play were published as sheet music under the title Richard Carvel Waltzes, with a picture of the character in eighteenth-century dress.
A silent film based on the novel was mooted and started production around 1915, but its IMDb entry notes: "There is no reliable documentation that a film bearing this title was ever completed or released."
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John Drew as Richard Carvel on Broadway
| 1,304 | 0 |
success
| null | 431 | 704 |
{}
| 431 | 704 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Boyne
|
Battle of the Boyne
|
The battle
|
Battle of the Boyne / The battle
|
King William III at the Battle of the Boyne, 1 July 1690 (O. S.)
| null | false | true |
The Battle of the Boyne was a battle in 1690 between the forces of the deposed King James II of England and Ireland, VII of Scotland, versus those of King William III who, with his wife Queen Mary II, had acceded to the Crowns of England and Scotland in 1689. The battle took place across the River Boyne close to the town of Drogheda in the Kingdom of Ireland, modern-day Republic of Ireland, and resulted in a victory for William. This turned the tide in James's failed attempt to regain the British crown and ultimately aided in ensuring the continued Protestant ascendancy in Ireland.
The battle took place on 1 July 1690 O.S. William's forces defeated James's army, which consisted mostly of raw recruits. Although the Williamite War in Ireland continued until October 1691, James fled to France after the Boyne, never to return. The symbolic importance of this battle has made it one of the best-known battles in the history of the British Isles and a key part of the folklore of the Orange Order. Its commemoration today is principally by the Orange Order, which records the first commemorative parades as having been held in 1791.
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William sailed from Hoylake in Cheshire, landing at Carrickfergus, County Antrim on 14 June O.S. and marched south, intending to take Dublin. He was heard to remark that "the place was worth fighting for". James chose to place his line of defence on the River Boyne, around 30 miles (48 km) from Dublin. The Williamites reached the Boyne on 29 June. The day before the battle, William himself had a narrow escape when he was wounded in the shoulder by Jacobite artillery while surveying the fords over which his troops would cross the Boyne.
The battle itself was fought on 1 July O.S. (11th N.S.), for control of a ford on the Boyne near Drogheda, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) northwest of the hamlet of Oldbridge (and about 1.5 kilometres (0.9 mi) west-northwest of the modern Boyne River Bridge). As a diversionary tactic, William sent about a quarter of his men under the cover of morning mist to cross the river at Roughgrange, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of Donore and about 6 miles (9.7 km) southwest of Oldbridge. The Duke of Schomberg's son, Meinhardt, led this crossing, which a small force of Irish dragoons in picquet under Neil O'Neill unsuccessfully opposed.
James, an inexperienced general, thought that he might be outflanked and sent a large part of his army, including his best French troops along with most of his artillery, to counter this move. What neither side had realised was that there was a deep, swampy ravine at Roughgrange. Because of this ravine, the opposing forces there could not engage each other, but literally sat out the battle as artillery engaged. The Williamite forces went on a long detour march which, later in the day, almost saw them cut off the Jacobite retreat at the village of Naul.
At the main ford near Oldbridge, William's infantry, led by the elite Dutch Blue Guards, forced their way across the river, using their superior firepower to slowly drive back the enemy foot soldiers, but were pinned down when the Jacobite cavalry, commanded by James II's son the James FitzJames, 1st Duke of Berwick, counter-attacked. Having secured the village of Oldbridge, some Williamite infantry tried to hold off successive Jacobite Irish cavalry attacks with disciplined volley fire, but were scattered and driven into the river, with the exception of the Blue Guards. William's second-in-command, the Duke of Schomberg, and George Walker were killed in this phase of the battle.
The Williamites were not able to resume their advance until their own horsemen managed to cross the river and, after being badly mauled, particularly the Huguenots, managed to hold off the Jacobite cavalry until the cavalry retired and regrouped at Donore, where they once again put up stiff resistance before retiring.
The Jacobites retired in good order. William had a chance to trap them as they retreated across the River Nanny at Duleek, but his troops were held up by a successful rear-guard action. The Dutch secretary of King William, Constantijn Huygens Jr., has given a good description (in Dutch) of the battle and its aftermath, including subsequent cruelties committed by the victorious soldiers.
The casualty figures of the battle were quite low for a battle of such a scale—of the 50,000 or so participants, about 2,000 died. 75% of the dead were Jacobites. William's army had far more wounded. At the time, most casualties of battles tended to be inflicted in the pursuit of an already-beaten enemy; this did not happen at the Boyne, as the counter-attacks of the skilled Jacobite cavalry screened the retreat of the rest of their army, and in addition William was always disinclined to endanger the person of James, since he was the father of his wife, Mary. The Jacobites were badly demoralised by the order to retreat, which lost them the battle. Many of the Irish infantrymen deserted, abandoning clothing in their escape. The Williamites triumphantly marched into Dublin two days after the battle. The Jacobite army abandoned the city and marched to Limerick, behind the River Shannon, where they were unsuccessfully besieged.
Soon after the battl
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The Battle of the Boyne, painted by Benjamin West in 1778.
| 1,308 | 0 |
success
| null | 600 | 428 |
{"Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormat": "44", "Thumbnail JPEGInterchangeFormatLength": "6570"}
| 600 | 428 |
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Munroe_(pencil_maker)
|
William Munroe (pencil maker)
|
Early life
|
William Munroe (pencil maker) / Early life
|
English: Monument Square and Mill-Dam Company, Concord , Mass.
| null | false | true |
William Munroe was a prominent cabinet-maker and pencil manufacturer of Concord, Massachusetts.
|
Munroe was born on the Seaver Farm in Roxbury in Suffolk County, Massachusetts. His father was a merchant during the time he was growing up. He received little formal schooling prior to being a teenager. When he was thirteen Munroe worked as a farmhand for a while at his grandparents' farm in Roxbury. Though he liked farming, he figured that there had to be a better way to make a living and desired to learn a skilled trade. At fourteen he became a wheelwright’s assistant. After working at this for a while he quit and briefly became a cabinet-maker’s assistant. He then worked at various day labor jobs through the age of sixteen. When he was seventeen he became employed with his second cousin deacon Nehemiah Munroe, a cabinet-maker in downtown Roxbury. He was exceptionally sharp at this trade, able to follow the written diagrams of the various pieces of furniture to make them precisely. He had his own innovative ideas and even devised a new method of hanging table leaves from their hinges, drawing a new concept that was followed thereafter.
Munroe became a journeyman in the shop for about six months after becoming twenty one years old, completing his apprenticeship. In 1800 he left and went to Concord, Massachusetts. There he worked for his older brothers, Daniel and Nathaniel, who were clockmakers. He passed his time by making clock cases. The brothers wrote in Munroe on a contract as a full partner in their business from 1801 though 1804.
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Monument Square and the Mill-Dam Company at Concord, Massachusetts
| 1,305 | 0 |
success
| null | 500 | 293 |
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| 500 | 293 |
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