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{"id": 15095, "premise": "Magazine article: The Environmental Commissioner' s new proposals are called Fresh Thinking on the Environment, and a nationwide debate on them has been announced. Well, fresh thinkingfrom such an unlikely source as the commissioner does deserve closer inspection. Unfortunately we discovered that these proposals are virtually identical to those issued three months ago by Tsarque Inc. under the heading New Environmentalism (Tsarque Inc. ' s chief is a close friend of the commissioner). Since Tsarque Inc. ' s polluting has marked it as an environmental nightmare, in our opinion the nationwide debate can end here.", "hypothesis": "\n\nA flaw in the magazine article's reasoning is that it dismisses the proposals because of their source rather than because of their substance.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8065, "premise": "Similar empirical knowledge of ancient Greece and ancient China produced similar theoretical insights, such as Aristotle's and Mohist Classics' understanding of leverage principle. However, the initial mechanics theory of ancient Greece soon developed into a synthesis of theoretical knowledge, while the mechanical tradition of Chinese Mohism was interrupted after the warring states period. Ancient Chinese science is not good at observing and recognizing the movement of objects and forming a systematic theory, which is an obvious weakness. In contrast, the Chinese have made more outstanding achievements in solving practical problems.", "hypothesis": "The reasons for the interruption of scientific tradition in ancient China are intended to be explained in this paragraph.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8463, "premise": "Install a metal rod at the top of a tall building, connect it with a metal plate buried underground, and discharge through the tip of the metal rod to gradually neutralize the electricity carried by the clouds and the electricity on the ground, so as to protect the building from lightning.This phenomenon is known as the lightning rod effect in the management community. It refers to the method of management, that is, to conduct guidance before things happen, to prevent accidents or disasters before they occur, and to lead the positive development of the situation, that is, if it is good and good, it will certainly be peaceful if it can be guided.", "hypothesis": "In the reconstruction of a garage in a residential area, the property owner extensively solicited the opinions of the owners and reached a consensus so that the project could be carried out smoothly has nothing to do with the lightning rod effect according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9101, "premise": "Countries with a small highly educated population are destined to be economically and politically weak. However, countries with a large highly educated population have a serious financial commitment to public education. So any country with a government that can make such a commitment will get rid of economic and political weakness.", "hypothesis": "A person who knows how to teach can understand the personality of the students he teaches is most similar to the above argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12893, "premise": "The number of tornadoes recorded annually in North America has more than tripled since 1953. Yet meteorologists insist that the climatic factors affecting the creation of tornadoes are unchanged.", "hypothesis": "Many more citizens are helping authorities detect tornadoes now than in 1953 most helps to resolve the apparent discrepancy described above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1938, "premise": "Two kinds of things have opposite characteristics in nature, size, appearance and so on. When people recognize one thing, they will think of another thing from the opposite. This kind of association is called contrastive association.", "hypothesis": "Su Shi's nostalgia for Nujiao Chibi and nostalgia: the river flows eastward, and the surging waves sweep away all the heroes of the ages. To the west of the old camp, people say that is Chibi where Zhou Yu fought fiercely during the three Kingdoms period uses contrastive association according to the above definition.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 26, "premise": "A recent study by an insurance company showed that those who work in a comfortable working environment are 25% more productive than those who work in an uncomfortable working environment. This shows that the ever-improving working environment can increase the productivity of workers.", "hypothesis": "A comfortable working environment is usually a reward for highly productive employees challenges most to the above causal connection.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 898, "premise": "Zhang Ming said that if Li Ming is selected as the coach, then Wang Fang will be the team leader. Li Hong said she disagree with that.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"Choose Li Ming as the coach, but can't let Wang Fang as the team leader\" best fits Li Hong's meaning.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8057, "premise": "Today, people often know that tigers have always lived in the mountains, and they do not know the history of their withdrawal from the plains. During the Tang and Song dynasties, with the transfer of the economic and cultural center from the Yellow River basin to the Yangtze River basin, a large number of northern population moved southward and the South China tiger completely withdrew from the plain area. After that, idioms such as diverting the tiger from the mountain, letting the tiger return to the mountain and sitting on the mountain to watch the tiger fight showed that people had mistakenly regarded the tiger as a mountain species at that time and did not know that the tiger was forced up the mountain because of human activities.", "hypothesis": "The most accurate summary of the gist of this passage is that it describes the history of tigers retreating to the mountains with human activities.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5938, "premise": "Grain can be traded in the futures market before harvest. If the rice production is predicted to be insufficient, the price of rice futures will rise; if the rice harvest is predicted, the price of rice futures will fall. Suppose this morning, Meteorologists predict that it will rain in rice producing areas tomorrow. Because sufficient rain is very important to the current growth of rice, today's rice futures prices will drop significantly.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Agricultural experts announced today that a rice germ is spreading' weakens the above view most severely.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1333, "premise": "The traditional view of understanding the working mechanism of visual perception can be traced back to Descartes, a French philosopher in the 16th century. Descartes believes that the brain will first construct a mirror model of the external world, and then in the brain, we observe the world like watching a movie. According to this view, inverted glasses will also invert the internal mirror model, and the brain generates visual perception according to this inverted mirror. However, more and more people began to question this explanation, and Degenna was one of them. The visual phenomenon he experienced on the 30th day of the experiment made him completely stand on the opposite of Cartesian mirror theory.", "hypothesis": "The working mechanism of visual perception is most likely to be said in the above paragraph.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3409, "premise": "Fever is a common symptom in children. There are often such children in clinical practice. Low fever usually lasts for a while after the fever subsides, but the physical signs and laboratory parameters are normal. At the same time, there was no obvious discomfort and the child's mental status was good. Western medicine has no specific treatment. In addition, some patients have fever of unknown cause, which often lasts for 1 ~ 2 months. As a result, these children often seek treatment in traditional Chinese medicine.", "hypothesis": "The option that can be inferred from this text is that there is a secret formula for treating persistent fever in children with traditional Chinese medicine.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9222, "premise": "Pascal, a modern French thinker, once argued that either there was a Christian God or there was no Christian God. If you believe that God exists and live in a Christian way, then if God does exist, you will have endless blessings: if God does not exist, you will have very little to lose. But suppose you don't believe that God exists and don't live in a Christian way. If God doesn't exist, you have nothing to lose: if God does exist, you will be punished endlessly. So don't hesitate, choose to believe in God and live in a Christian way.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'If God does not exist, we choose to believe in God, which will lead to our wrong understanding of the world and muddle through our lives' best illustrates the loophole in the logic of this argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2067, "premise": "Liu Yong, the first batch of volunteers for college students to volunteer for the western region, wrote in his diary: there is a kind of job, you don't know the hardship without experience, you don't know the happiness without experiencing it, and you don't know the purity of it without having it.", "hypothesis": "The true meaning of happy work is the main expression of this passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1724, "premise": "Poverty often conjures up images of low mud huts, shabby bedding and cloudy eyes. These are indeed poor people living below the city's minimum standard of living. The man died of illness and owed a lot of money. One of his two children was disabled, but their house was bright and clean, with a refrigerator, a washing machine, and beautiful curtains and curtains. The hostess's smile is as clear as her house, she said, refrigerator, washing machine are neighbors eliminated down to send, curtains and curtains are made of their own paper, the children are very sensible, finished homework to help me do odd jobs......", "hypothesis": "Out of the psychological shadow, keep good hope, life is a bit of change does not include the truth of this passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1371, "premise": "In a broad sense, environmental culture includes both material results and spiritual results; in a narrow sense, it only includes spiritual results. It mainly refers to those achieved on environmental protection issues, national, national, Even the broad consensus of the entire mankind, as well as the expressions of various cultures and arts that contain these consensus content.", "hypothesis": "The meaning of 'It' in the passage is Environmental culture in a narrow sense.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4796, "premise": "Economists believe that the government's control over energy use is redundant, and the market can completely adjust the contradiction between energy supply and demand. If energy is really tight, then it is reflected in the market that energy prices will naturally rise, and the rise in energy prices will be a problem. On the one hand, people will reduce the use of energy because of the increase in usage costs, and on the other hand, because of the increase in profits, energy suppliers will increase the supply.", "hypothesis": " After energy prices rise, people will use more energy-saving products can effectively challenge the assertion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1460, "premise": "Twenty years ago, a high-level diplomatic conference on the Middle East would have been unthinkable without U.S. participation and leadership. Today, Turkey, Russia and Iran are negotiating without Washington, while the Syrian opposition is heading to Moscow to discuss the country's future. Russia has also strengthened ties with Egypt, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and Israel.", "hypothesis": "The main meaning of the expression is that the United States control and influence in the Middle East has declined significantly.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7567, "premise": "Formative evaluation: refers to the evaluation of the degree to which students or project implementers have reached the predetermined goal formed by the teacher or the competent department in the process of teaching or the project.", "hypothesis": "Teachers give students' usual grades based on the Q&A situation in the classroom is formative evaluations.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14006, "premise": "Linguist: Only if a sentence can be diagrammed is it grammatical. Any grammatical sentence is recognized as grammatical by speakers of its language. Speaker X' s sentence can be diagrammed. So, speaker X' s sentence will be recognized as grammatical by speakers of its language.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'most people are unable to diagram sentences correctly' is the reason the linguist's reasoning is flawed.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7902, "premise": "An organ holds an autumn track and field meeting for staff and workers. It is known that all the workers who signed up for the sprint competition signed up for the shot put competition, all the workers who signed up for the long jump competition did not sign up for the shot put competition, and the staff and workers who signed up for the high jump competition also signed up for the long jump competition. The staff and workers who did not sign up for the high jump competition also did not sign up for the long-distance running competition.", "hypothesis": "All the workers who signed up for the sprint race did not sign up for the long-distance race can be inferred from the above statement.\n\n", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7630, "premise": "Dominant response refers to a habitual action that is extremely proficiency and is made without thinking when encountering a certain stimulus.", "hypothesis": "Chinese people usually extend their right hand to shake hands with their friends whom they have not seen for years is not the dominant response.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13533, "premise": "A study followed a group of teenagers who had never smoked and tracked whether they took up smoking and how their mental health changed. After one year, the incidence of depression among those who had taken up smoking was four times as high as it was among those who had not. Since nicotine in cigarettes changes brain chemistry, perhaps thereby affecting mood, it is likely that smoking contributes to depression in teenagers.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Some participants entered and emerged from a period of depression within the year of the study' most strengthens the argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9989, "premise": "There are two types of activities organized by the community: the health type and the leisure type. According to the statistics of all the participants, the organizers found that some of the elderly in the community participated in all the health-preserving activities and some participated in all the leisure activities.", "hypothesis": "Any activity organized by the community is attended by the elderly in the community must be true according to this statistics.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8344, "premise": "Youth A, B, C, D and E from a village applied for employment in a housing maintenance company. According to their respective expertise, five of them were employed as welders, bricklayers, electricians, carpenters and plumbers. It is known that each of them does only one type of work, and one of their five people does each type of work, and it is also known that: (1) if A works as a welder, C works as a carpenter; (2) if one of B and D works as a plumber, then A works as a welder; (3) C or works as a bricklayer, or an electrician.", "hypothesis": "If E works as a bricklayer, then it can be inferred that A works as the carpentry.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7997, "premise": "Every time the government introduces an economic policy, it will change the income expectations of some interest groups. Out of self-interest, these interest groups always try to offset the loss caused by the policy through various behavior choices. At this time, if the government really changes the original policy, the result will not only invalidate the policy issued by the government, but also make the government's ability of economic regulation and control decline continuously due to the loss of credibility.", "hypothesis": "The main statement of this passage is 'The government must continue to implement the policies it has formulated'.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7205, "premise": "Karma relationship refers to the interpersonal relationship formed by the needs of occupation or industry activities.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, the Karma relationship includes Mr. Huang, who is a salesman of the company, and Mr. He, the Hongyuan manager, who Mr. Huang got to know over time because he often worked in Hongyuan company.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10639, "premise": "Politician: Democracy requires that there be no restrictions on the ability of citizens to share their ideas freely, without fear of reprisal. Ttherefore the right to have private conversations, unmonitored by the government, is essential to democracy. For a government to monitor conversations on the Internet would thus be a setback for democracy.", "hypothesis": "The claim that democracy depends on the ability of citizens to share their ideas freely, without fear of reprisal is a claim for which no support is provided, and which is used to support a claim that is itself used to support the argument's main conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14835, "premise": "Two paleontologists, Dr. Tyson and Dr. Rees, disagree over the interpretation of certain footprints that were left among other footprints in hardened volcanic ash at site G. Dr. Tyson claims they are clearly early hominid footprints since they show human characteristics: a squarish heel and a big toe immediately adjacent to the next toe. However, since the footprints indicate that if hominids made those prints they would have had to walk in an unexpected cross-stepping manner, by placing the left foot to the right of the right foot, Dr. Rees rejects Dr. Tyson' s conclusion.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Footprints shaped like a human's that do not show a cross-stepping pattern exist at site M, which is a mile away from site G, and the two sets of footprints are contemporaneous' most seriously undermines Dr. Tyson's conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5095, "premise": "The researchers studied the effects of climate change factors such as monsoon, rainy season, high temperature and drought on the growth environment and quality value of tea in Pu'er, Yunnan Province. They traced the factors leading to the changes of chemical substances in tea and found that in the rainy season, when their growth speed is accelerated, the content of catechin and methylxanthine in leaves is only half of that in the dry season. Therefore, the researchers believe that climate change will affect the content of beneficial chemicals in Yunnan Pu'er tea.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'In the past five years, the content of beneficial chemical components in Pu'er tea in a mountainous area of Yunnan has little difference between rainy season and dry season' best supports the above argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6685, "premise": "With the development of production, people's division of labor is more and more detailed, science and literature are gradually separated, forming scientific community and literary world. Nowadays, the division of labor is more detailed, and people who study science are limited to a certain discipline, a certain major, or even a certain topic for a lifetime. In this way, walking apart like a mountain often limits people's sight and hearing to a very small world and becomes a slave to the division of labor.", "hypothesis": "To treat liberal arts and science equally, neither liberal arts nor science should be emphasized most directly supports this view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7889, "premise": "Reverse urbanization refers to the phenomenon that urban residents take the initiative to flow from urban areas to suburban or rural areas due to work, life, environment and other reasons.", "hypothesis": "The option \"Due to the adjustment of the establishment system, Ms. Lin's husband moved from the big city to the Gobi Desert thousands of miles away. In order to support her husband's work, Ms. Lin planned to take her son to settle down near the new residence\" belongs to the reverse urbanization.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13135, "premise": "Book Review: When I read a novel set in a city I know well, I must see that the writer knows the city at least as well as I do if I am to take that writer seriously. If the writer is faking, I know immediately and do not trust that writer. When a novelist demonstrates the required knowledge, I trust the storyteller, so I trust the tale. This trust increases my enjoyment of a good novel. Peter Lee' s second novel is set in San Francisco. In this novel, as in his first, Lee passes my test with flying colors.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Peter Lee's first novel was set in San Francisco' can be properly inferred from the passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8758, "premise": "Xiao Chen said that at present, comet D3, which was partly in orbit away from the sun in 1996, has recently been able to detect its flickering light through solar telescopes.In the past, people have never observed such a twinkle in a comet far from the sun, so this flicker must be an unusual phenomenon.Xiao Wang said that usually people do not observe comets far away from the sun, and the flicker of Comet D3 discovered in 1996 was obtained by continuous and careful tracking and observation.", "hypothesis": "Pointing out that Xiao Chen's argument is obviously unconvincing can best summarize the methods used by Xiao Wang to refute Xiao Chen's point of view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8405, "premise": "The right of formation refers to the right to change or destroy the legal relationship according to the meaning of the obligee.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, the option 'A buys a batch of mobile phones from B in accordance with the contract' does not belong to the exercise of the right of formation.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2768, "premise": "Frugality should be the standard for selecting state cadres. How can a person who doesn't know how to be frugal be responsible for managing money for the people?", "hypothesis": "The statement 'A person who lives frugally will certainly become a competent national cadre' is not consistent with the conclusion of the title stem.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6940, "premise": "At present, there is still a phenomenon of arbitrary fees in education in China, with a variety of names, the proportion of family education expenditure in family personal consumption is too high, and the educational burden of families and children is heavy. In Beijing, when a child graduates from primary school to high school, various education-related expenses are conservatively estimated at more than 100000 yuan.", "hypothesis": "The main content of this text is that there is still a phenomenon of arbitrary charging in education in China.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13809, "premise": "The proportion of fat calories in the diets of people who read the nutrition labels on food products is significantly lower than it is in the diets of people who do not read nutrition labels. This shows that reading these labels promotes healthful dietary behavior.", "hypothesis": "The reasoning in the argument above is flawed in that the argument illicitly infers a cause from a correlation.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12593, "premise": "Few animals brave the midday heat of the Sahara desert. An exception is the silver ant, which chooses this time of day to leave its nest and scout for food, typically the corpses of heat-stricken animals. Even the silver ant, however, must be careful: at such times they can become victims of the heat themselves.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Silver ants cool themselves by climbing onto small pieces of dried vegetation to take advantage of random light breezes' LEAST helps to explain the silver ant's choice of scavenging times.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 592, "premise": "Synesthesia also known as shifting consciousness, is to describe objective things , with the language of image and the transfer of feeling, the human hearing, smell, taste, touch and other different feelings of each other to move the conversion, which will originally represent the A feeling of the words used to represent the feeling of B, so that the image is more lively, novel a rhetorical style", "hypothesis": "\"Your eyes are like stars in the sky\" does not use the synonym according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4135, "premise": "The advent of refrigerators caused the collapse of the ice market. In the past, people used ice to keep food fresh, but now refrigerators have replaced the role of ice.For the same reason, due to the results of bioengineering, what will happen to the research of crops that can resist pests?", "hypothesis": "The best answer to the above question is \"Increase the yield of crops.\"", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12366, "premise": "Technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities, and not only by direct application of innovations. After all, the design, production, testing, and marketing of new technology has itself become a growing industry that is turning around the fortunes of once-ailing communities. The companies involved create jobs, add to the tax base, and contribute to an upbeat spirit of renewal.", "hypothesis": "The conclusion drawn by the argument as a whole is that the direct application of innovations is not the only way in which technology is radically improving the quality of life in some communities.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12121, "premise": "A major chemical spill occurred five years ago at Baker' s Beach, the world' s sole nesting ground for Merrick sea turtles, and prevented nearly all the eggs laid that year from hatching. Yet the number of adult female Merricks returning to lay their eggs at Baker' s Beach has actually increased somewhat since five years ago. Clearly, environmentalists' prediction that the world' s Merrick population would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded.", "hypothesis": "Female Merrick sea turtles begin returning to Baker's Beach to lay their eggs when they are ten years old most seriously undermines the argument offered in refutation of the environmentalists' prediction.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11071, "premise": "A year ago the government reduced the highway speed limit, and in the year since, there have been significantly fewer highway fatalities than there were in the previous year. Ttherefore, speed limit reduction can reduce traffic fatalities.", "hypothesis": "The argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that it takes for granted that highway traffic has not increased over the past year.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14441, "premise": "Automobile ownership was rare in Sabresia as recently as 30 years ago, but with continuing growth of personal income there, automobile ownership has become steadily more common. Consequently, there are now far more automobiles on Sabresia' s roads than there were 30 years ago, and the annual number of automobile accidents has increased significantly. Yet the annual number of deaths and injuries resulting from automobile accidents has not increased significantly.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'With more and more people owning cars, the average number of passengers in a car on the road has dropped dramatically' most helps to explain why deaths and injuries resulting from automobile accidents have not increased significantly.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6147, "premise": "The principle of visible light communication technology is very simple, light represents 1, light off represents 0, and the combination of light and off carries information. However, because the frequency of visible light is much higher than that of wireless network communication signals, its propagation is very linear, and a slight obstruction will cause communication interruption. Taking into account the development trend of technology and product practicability, visible light communication is not likely to replace wireless networks and be widely used in homes, but this does not mean that this technology has no practical value. This technology has exciting application prospects in broadcast-style public communications. Using visible light communication technology, LED signal lights can tell the driver that there is congestion going straight ahead, and it is recommended to turn right to take another road.", "hypothesis": "Visible light communication technology will shine in public communication can be deduced from this text.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 786, "premise": "Recently, a new supermarket was opened in Changning District of Shanghai. From the outside, it is a typical Chinese chain supermarket. The shelves are full of various food and daily necessities. All the goods in the store, the appearance is no different from ordinary goods, but the inside is empty, and there is no trace of unpacking on the packaging. Visitors have no idea how the goods were emptied. Although this is a goods-emptying supermarket, it is very popular.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Some buyers do not know that it is empty' can best explain the above phenomenon.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5888, "premise": "An ambitious young man wanted to invent a solution that could dissolve everything.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'After this solution is developed, what container do you plan to use to hold it?' can best make this young man change his original intentions.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9584, "premise": "In the flow of information, the individual is almost in the main position of risk, that is, to bear all the consequences brought by uncertain risks. However, from the point of view of information acquisition, disclosure and result acceptance, individuals are basically in a negative and passive position, and those who can control the corresponding risks or obtain more symmetrical information to a large extent, is the platform or enterprise side to master personal information. Therefore, it is often those who are at risk who cannot afford the risk, while the person in charge of the risk may be absent when they bear the risk.", "hypothesis": "The option 'How to make the beneficiary of information bear the responsibility of risk' is most likely to be discussed in this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2317, "premise": "Psychologists have long supported the theory of mathematical talent; mathematical ability is the ability that human beings have from birth, even animals have this ability. They believe that there is a natural mathematical core, through self-development, this mathematical core will eventually grow into all the mathematical abilities we are familiar with. Recently, some opponents have put forward a different point of view; mathematical ability has no talent, can only be the product of culture.", "hypothesis": "Most of the residents of primitive tribes can only express numbers below 5 or even less best supports the opponent's view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13959, "premise": "Sambar deer are physically incapable of digesting meat. Yet sambar deer have been reported feeding on box turtles after killing them.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Sambar deer kill box turtles only occasionally' best resolves the discrepancy above.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3164, "premise": "Although computers can help people communicate, computer games hinder the development of teenagers' communication skills. They spend their spare time playing computer games instead of communicating with others. Therefore, young people who spend their spare time playing computer games have worse communication skills than other children.", "hypothesis": "The above conclusions are most likely based on the assumption that children who do not play computer games in their spare time are communicating with others at least for some time.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10671, "premise": "Editorial: Supporters of the proposed law that would require bicyclists to wear helmets are seriously misguided. The number of pedestrians who die yearly as a result of accidents involving automobiles is five times the number of deaths resulting from bicycle accidents, and drunken driving exacts a much higher toll than both combined. Yet there are no calls for a ban on alcohol or walking down the street.", "hypothesis": "It is foolish to require lab workers to wear safety goggles when working with acids and other dangerous liquids. No one suggests that people stop eating or socializing, even though more people become ill due to food poisoning and contagious diseases than are injured in laboratory accidents exhibits a pattern of flawed reasoning most similar to that in the argument above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11288, "premise": "Conservationist: The risk to airplane passengers from collisions between airplanes using the airport and birds from the wildlife refuge is negligible. In the 10 years since the refuge was established, only 20 planes have been damaged in collisions with birds, and no passenger has been injured as a result of such a collision. The wildlife refuge ttherefore poses no safety risk. Pilot: You neglect to mention that 17 of those 20 collisions occurred within the past 2 years, and that the number of birds in the refuge is rapidly increasing. As the number of collisions between birds and airplanes increases, so does the likelihood that at least one such collision will result in passenger injuries.", "hypothesis": "The pilot counters the conservationist by attempting to show that the conservationist's description of the facts is misleading.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3370, "premise": "To make a correct analysis and judgment of social phenomena, even if they are regional, they must go into the real society for investigation and research, and must not speculate. To understand the causal relationship of things and establish relevant theories, there must be no realistic data for verifying the theory.", "hypothesis": "To engage in social research, we must collect data from practical work is correct.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12822, "premise": "Neither a rising standard of living nor balanced trade, by itself, establishes a country's ability to compete in the international marketplace. Both are required simultaneously since standards of living can rise because of growing trade deficits and trade can be balanced by means of a decline in a country's standard of living.", "hypothesis": "A proper test of a country's ability to be competitive is its ability to balance its trade while its standard of living falls, if the facts stated in the passage above are true.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1741, "premise": "Mencius once said this sentence in Gao Zi Shang: Reason and righteousness please my heart, and meat please my mouth. This statement is truthful, exquisite, and quite enlightening. The practice of life has also been told time and time again. We, all the reason that fits my heart, always explain the profound things in a simple way. For example, chu huan means that delicacies such as beef and mutton fits my taste. maybe the speaker is sincere, but the listener doesn't care, or the speaker is hoarse and the listener is sleepy. After all, the appeal does not depend on the high voice, let alone the power of the microphone, but should be as dazzling, eye-catching, beautiful and enlightening as the peacock opens the screen.", "hypothesis": "The emphasis of this text is that only true reason can make people truly believe.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10572, "premise": "Patient: Pharmacists maintain that doctors should not be permitted to sell the medicine that they prescribe because doctors would then be tempted to prescribe unnecessary medicines in order to earn extra income. But pharmacists have a financial interest in having a monopoly on the sale of prescription medicines, so their objection to the sale of medicines by doctors cannot be taken seriously.", "hypothesis": "The patient's argument proceeds by attempting to discredit a position by questioning the motives of the proponents of that position.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7137, "premise": "Xiao Li said, I passed all the exams this time and got my motor vehicle driver's license.", "hypothesis": "If what Xiao Li said is not true, then Xiao Li failed in one subject at most.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6120, "premise": "When talking about French literature in the eyes of the Chinese people, the French can't help but say in a contemptuous tone: you like the camellia girl. in the eyes of the French, it's still some taste to like Dumas. After all, he has a count of Monte Cristo and three musketeers. What does Dumas have? It's just a social flower. French literature is the pride of the French and plays an important role in world literature. It's obviously disrespect for French literature to only like the camellia girl. It became popular in China almost a hundred years ago. At that time, it was the failure of the reform movement of 1898, people were depressed and the road of improvement was not feasible, We have to make do with random novels. The birth of Camellia girl in China is at the right time.", "hypothesis": "This passage is intended to explain that a preference for literary works can reflect one's taste.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10715, "premise": "While grapefruit juice is a healthy drink, it has been discovered that a chemical in the juice affects how certain medicines are absorbed, with the result that normal medicinal doses act like higher doses. Getting the wrong dose is dangerous. Since it is always desirable to take the lowest effective dose, the best medical approach would be to take lower doses of these medicines along with prescribed amounts of grapefruit juice.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The amount of the chemical in grapefruit juice is highly unpredictable from glass to glass' most seriously weakens the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1906, "premise": "In the process of policy implementation, there is still a lack of strong institutions from top to bottom to inspect and supervise the implementation of various policies. Often, whenever there are problems that need to be solved, they issue a document, make some new regulations, or set up new institutions, and pay less attention to the implementation of these policies. Due to the lack of supervision and guarantee system for the implementation of laws, regulations or policy documents, whether they are implemented or not is the same. Over time, the wind that orders are not carried out and prohibitions are still arbitrary will naturally prevail.", "hypothesis": "The argument is supported by the statement 'It is necessary to strengthen the implementation of policies.'", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12651, "premise": "Certain genetically modified strains of maize produce a powerful natural insecticide. The insecticide occurs throughout the plant, including its pollen. Maize pollen is dispersed by the wind and frequently blows onto milkweed plants that grow near maize fields. Caterpillars of monarch butterflies feed exclusively on milkweed leaves. When these caterpillars are fed milkweed leaves dusted with pollen from modified maize plants, they die. Ttherefore, by using genetically modified maize, farmers put monarch butterflies at risk.", "hypothesis": "Determining whether monarch butterfly caterpillars are actively feeding during the part of the growing season when maize is releasing pollen would be most useful to evaluate the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7938, "premise": "It is a miracle that a few children can grow up to be independent thinkers, open-minded and knowledgeable after such exam-oriented education.", "hypothesis": "Teaching to the test does not fit the meaning of the passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7319, "premise": "Pledge of rights means that the debtor or a third party takes his rights such as creditor's rights, equity, copyright, etc as security.", "hypothesis": "The pledge of rights is that Zhang will own the patent rights as a guarantee to pay off the debt due to debt.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4124, "premise": "National civil servants: refer to persons who represent the country or government, are engaged in the management of public affairs, and provide public services. According to the Civil Servants Law that came into effect on January 1, 2006, civil servants in my country refer to all levels of state administrative agencies Workers other than workers.", "hypothesis": "The Director of Henan Provincial Labor Department does not belong to the ranks of civil servants according to the above definition.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14363, "premise": "Most veterinarians, and especially those at university veterinary research centers, have a devoted interest in the biological sciences. But most veterinarians choose their profession primarily because they love animals. Among persons who are seriously interested in biological science but lack any special love for animals, one does not find any prominent veterinarians.", "hypothesis": "Few veterinarians at university research centers chose their profession primarily because they love animals cannot be true if all of the statements above are true.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7121, "premise": "A unilateral civil legal act is a juristic act that can be established according to the will of one party.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, the act of Xiao Zhang discarding an old sofa and a 40% new washing machine after moving is a unilateral civil legal act.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10415, "premise": "A unit arranges 6 people on duty on The first day, the second day, the third day of the new year. They are G., H, K, L, P, and S. Two people are required to be on duty every day. The personnel arrangement must meet the following conditions: (1) L and P must be on duty on the same day. (2) G and H cannot be on duty on the same day. (3) If K is on duty in the first day, then G is on duty in the second day. (4) ) If S is on duty in the third day, then H is on duty in the second day.", "hypothesis": "If H is on duty on the same day as the day before S, then G is on duty in the second day.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7498, "premise": "Everything that is conducive to the peaceful development of cross-strait relations should be vigorously promoted, and everything that undermines the peaceful development of cross-strait relations must be firmly opposed.", "hypothesis": "Everything that should be vigorously promoted is conducive to the peaceful development of cross-strait relations can be inferred based on the given information.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8254, "premise": "In the face of a major epidemic, timely release of authoritative information and open and transparent response to public concerns can effectively solve the problem of information asymmetry, reduce the space for the spread of false information such as rumors, and better maintain social stability. For some time, relevant departments and relevant institutions have released data on confirmed, suspected, cured and dead people in a timely manner. Some Internet enterprises have used big data, cloud computing and visualization technology to launch products such as Real-time epidemic situation dynamic, Co-ride patient query system and Fever Clinic Map, which simultaneously popularize scientific protection knowledge, effectively meet the information needs of the public, and guide the masses to look at the epidemic rationally. Enhance self-prevention awareness and protection ability.", "hypothesis": "The content that this text is meant to emphasize is enhancing the ability of self-protection by means of technology.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1649, "premise": "The development of the Internet of things, an emerging industry, is strong. In only a few years, the industrial scale of the Internet of things has shown a compound growth rate of more than 30% a year. Intellectual property rights such as patents provide strong support for the rapid rise of this sunrise industry. It is predicted that in the next few years, the global Internet of things market will grow rapidly. China's Internet of things market will reach 750 billion yuan in 2015, and the market prospect will far exceed the computer, Internet, mobile communications and other markets. From the current situation of patent applications in China, the number of core technology patents and international patent applications submitted through the Patent Cooperation Treaty is obviously insufficient. Therefore, industry experts point out that it is necessary to accelerate the patent layout of the Internet of things industry in China.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The industry of the Internet of things in China will become the pillar industry of our country in the future' does not match the meaning of the passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5879, "premise": "There is a multiple-choice paper with 6 questions, and the scoring standard is: 8 points for a correct answer, 0 points for a wrong answer, and 2 points for no answer.", "hypothesis": "If a classmate scored 20 points, they answered at least three short questions correctly.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8578, "premise": "Scientists have been arguing about who was the ancestor of birds for a long time. There are mainly three theories about the origin of birds: the origin of slotted teeth, the origin of dinosaurs and the sister group of crocodiles, among which the origin of slotted teeth and the origin of dinosaurs have been hotly debated recently. The newly discovered fossils in recent years, especially a series of fossils found in western Liaoning, China, have once again stirred up the debate about the origin of birds, proving that birds are really descendants of dinosaurs.", "hypothesis": "Using an electron microscope, scientists found a melanosome in dinosaur fossils, which is also found in bird feathers, which is a continuation of dinosaur genes, if true, best supports the above conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14609, "premise": "Many scholars claim that Shakespeare' s portrayal of Richard III was extremely inaccurate, arguing that he derived that portrayal from propagandists opposed to Richard III. But these claims are irrelevant for appreciating Shakespeare' s work. The character of Richard III as portrayed in Shakespeare' s drama is fascinating and illuminating both aesthetically and morally, regardless of its relation to historical fact.", "hypothesis": "The principle that in historical drama, the aesthetic value of the work is not necessarily undermined by historical inaccuracies most helps to justify the reasoning in the argument above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9943, "premise": "In one study, 51 volunteers from middle school students were divided into a test group and a control group and trained in the same math skills. During the five-day training, the researchers used a technique called transcranial random noise stimulation to deliver mild shocks to areas of the brain thought to be related to computing power in 25 members of the test group. The results of subsequent tests showed that the ability to perform mathematical operations of the members of the test group was significantly higher than that of the control group. To their surprise, the improvement of this ability can last at least half a year. As a result, the researchers believe that to deliver mild shocks in the brain can improve the brain's ability to calculate.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Before the experiment, the math scores of the two groups were about the same' best supports the researchers' view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10679, "premise": "Although computers can enhance people's ability to communicate, computer games are a cause of underdeveloped communication skills in children. After-school hours spent playing computer games are hours not spent talking with people. Ttherefore, children who spend all their spare time playing these games have less experience in interpersonal communication than other children have.", "hypothesis": "The assumption that children who do not spend all of their after-school hours playing computer games spend at least some of that time talking with other people is required by the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7968, "premise": "Because foreign forecasters often change their posts, and our country has a serious and responsible forecaster team with many years of practical experience, which makes up for the shortcomings of detection equipment and numerical forecasting.", "hypothesis": "The accuracy of typhoon forecasting is also affected by the situation of the forecaster himself can be known from this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 947, "premise": "Some people say that complete selflessness has two meanings: first, to serve others unconditionally; second, to refuse any service from others.", "hypothesis": "It is impossible for all people to be completely selfless is the logical inference of the above point of view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9388, "premise": "In one study, the researchers observed the classroom participation of nearly 300 children in grade 2 and grade 4 over the course of a school year. Participation is measured by attentive behavior and distraction in class. The former refers to answering questions, raising hands to speak or participating in discussions, while the latter refers to behaviors such as small talk. In the experiment, half of the students stood at high desks while the other half sat. It was found that the students who stood up and listened to the class were more attentive than those who sat.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"Sitting for a long time will increase the pressure on the spine, which is not conducive to the health of students\" can best support the above conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11797, "premise": "Although this bottle is labeled vinegar, no fizzing occurred when some of the liquid in it was added to powder from this box labeled baking soda. But when an acidic liquid such as vinegar is added to baking soda the resulting mixture fizzes, so this bottle clearly has been mislabeled.", "hypothesis": "A flaw in the reasoning in the argument above is that this argument fails to exclude an alternative explanation for the observed effect.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14855, "premise": "Airport administrator: According to the latest figures, less than 1 commercial flight in 2 million strays off course while landing, a number low enough to allow runways to be built closer together without a significant increase in risk. Opponents of closer runways claim that the number is closer to 1 in 20, 000, but this figure is based on a partial review of air traffic control tapes and so is relatively unreliable compared to the other figure, which is based on a thorough study of the flight reports required of pilots for all commercial flights.", "hypothesis": "The argument presumes, without providing justification, that the air traffic control tapes studied do not provide accurate information concerning specific flights most accurately describes a flaw in the airport administrator's argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6999, "premise": "The upper leaves of sugarbeet grow vertically and the leaf clusters are funnel-shaped. the configuration structure of foliar space formed by this growth mode is very powerful in the absorption of light and improves the photosynthetic efficiency of plants and populations.On the other hand, the leaves of plantain are whorled, and the angle between the leaves is 137.5 degrees, which is the chord angle of the golden section of the circle. The leaves grow according to this angle and can make full use of light.As the trunk grows taller, the leaves of the pear tree rise in a logarithmic spiral, and each leaf will not cover the leaves below.", "hypothesis": "The main content of this text is that different growth environments lead to differences in the growth of plant leaves.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13437, "premise": "People who browse the web for medical information often cannot discriminate between scientifically valid information and quackery. Much of the quackery is particularly appealing to readers with no medical background because it is usually written more clearly than scientific papers. Thus, people who rely on the web when attempting to diagnose their medical conditions are likely to do themselves more harm than good.", "hypothesis": "People attempting to diagnose their medical conditions will do themselves more harm than good only if they rely on quackery instead of scientifically valid information is an assumption the argument requires.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13228, "premise": "To use the pool at City Gym, one must have a membership there. Sarah has a membership at City Gym. She must ttherefore use the pool there at least occasionally.", "hypothesis": "The argument concludes that a person has a certain attribute simply because that person belongs to a group most of whose members have that attribute is flawed in its reasoning.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13594, "premise": "Scientists, puzzled about the development of penicillin-resistant bacteria in patients who had not been taking penicillin, believe they have found an explanation. The relevant group of patients have dental fillings made of mercury-containing amalgam, and the bacteria the patients develop are immune to mercury poisoning. Scientists have concluded that the genes causing resistance to penicillin are closely bundled on the chromosomes of bacteria with the gene that produces immunity to mercury poisoning. Exposure to the mercury kills off bacteria that lack the relevant immunity gene, and leaves room for those that possess both the mercury-immunity gene and the penicillin-resistance gene to flourish.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'It is a generalization that, if true, rules out the possibility that some people who do not take penicillin develop bacteria resistant to it' most accurately characterizes the role played in the passage by the unstated assumption that some patients who take penicillin develop bacteria with an immunity to penicillin.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9310, "premise": "One theater plans to present seven plays over seven weeks in the fall. They are F, G., J, K, O, R, S. There is one play a week, and each play runs exactly one week. The repertory must meet the following conditions :(1) G must be performed in the third week. (2) O and S cannot be performed continuously. (3) K must be staged before J and S. (4) F and J must be scheduled to perform in two consecutive weeks.", "hypothesis": "For any acceptable arrangement, F must be scheduled for a week after K.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 180, "premise": "Small animals suitable for experimental use must reproduce fast and their genes should be as similar to humans as possible. Some small animals reproduce fast but have few genes similar to humans. Therefore, some fast-breeding small animals are not suitable for experiments.", "hypothesis": "According to relevant regulations, to obtain the National Scholarship for Poor Students, applicants must have poor families and excellent grades. Some of the scholarship recipients have very poor families, but their grades are not excellent. Therefore, the rules for assessing the National Scholarship for Poor Students have not been strictly implemented has the most similar logical structure to the question.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2184, "premise": "There is a lack of financial support for the development of rural tourism, which urgently needs to be solved. Rural tourism scenic spot is a multi-faceted open area which belongs to the public space. The government is duty-bound to improve the development environment. By integrating financial funds, they can promote the upgrading of scenic spots, encourage all localities to increase financial support in the form of prizes instead of compensation, build first and then make up; they can pry financial funds to build a docking platform between banks and the government, solve the loan problems of operators, and increase credit to rural tourism. New financing models such as PPP and crowdfunding can also encourage social capital to enter the countryside so that rural tourism can be invested, well built and well managed.", "hypothesis": "The construction and management of rural tourism needs financial support is emphasized in this passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2067, "premise": "Liu Yong, the first batch of volunteers for college students to volunteer for the western region, wrote in his diary: there is a kind of job, you don't know the hardship without experience, you don't know the happiness without experiencing it, and you don't know the purity of it without having it.", "hypothesis": "The main expression of this passage is that happiness comes from one's sincere devotion to work.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7007, "premise": "Civilization and culture are different. Civilization makes all ethnic groups in all places more and more similar. according to the German Elyas's process of civilization, civilization is a group society in which everyone lives according to the same rules, just like dancing to a beat and not stepping on his feet; and culture makes a nation different from other nations, it is born, not rules but habits. In fact, urbanization can also be seen this way: with the rapid development of cities, skyscrapers have become urban symbols, which is actually the result of the strong development of modern civilization in every corner of the world. However, we hope that civilization will not overwhelm culture and that identity will not eliminate differences.", "hypothesis": "The main content of this text is to emphasize the necessity of preserving culture in the process of urbanization.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5157, "premise": "Every year, a magazine publishes a ranking of car sales for the year. Management consultants believe that this ranking should not be the basis for each consumer to decide which car to buy.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The higher-ranking automakers in the magazine use this to advertise in order to attract more consumers' would best support the management consultant's point of view.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9149, "premise": "Due to the aging population, the German government is facing a dilemma: if the pension system is not reformed, pensions will be unsustainable. Policies to solve this dilemma include increasing the proportion of pension contributions, lowering the level of pension payments, and raising the retirement age. Among them, raising the retirement age has faced the greatest resistance, and governments that implement such a policy may lose a large number of votes in the next election. But the German government completed the legal process in 2007 to raise the retirement age from 65 to 67.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'In 2001, Germany established the upper limit of pension contributions by law, and in 2004, the lower limit of pension payment was determined. The two policies have been used to the extreme' best explains why the German government took the risk with this policy.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4824, "premise": "Farmer Xiao Li went to the farmers market to sell fruits,Apples, pears, oranges, and peaches each have a box,three boxes of apples, pears and oranges, with an average of 51 per box;Three boxes of pears, oranges, and peaches, with an average of 47 per box; Two boxes of apples and peaches, with an average of 43 per box.", "hypothesis": "There are 49 apples.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7046, "premise": "Compared with government public relations, non-governmental diplomacy is more flexible, the communication content and carrier are easier to be accepted, and can achieve the effect of moistening things silently. At present, more and more foreign people visit China, more and more Chinese citizens go abroad, and the development of online media also makes it easier for the general public to influence public opinion. Therefore, we should make good use of the situation, through news media and community organizations, non-governmental organizations and other channels, guide the domestic public to actively cooperate with public diplomacy, actively disseminate China's cultural traditions and values, and maintain the national image.", "hypothesis": "The passage is intended to emphasize the difference between non-governmental diplomacy and government public relations.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3255, "premise": "Suppose if Zhang Nan and Lin Feng are not volunteers, then Yangmei is a volunteer is the premise, Lin Feng is a volunteer is the conclusion", "hypothesis": "The premise of the argument is that neither Yang nor Zhang is a volunteer.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12005, "premise": "Electric washing machines, first introduced in the United States in 1925, significantly reduced the amount of time spent washing a given amount of clothes, yet the average amount of time households spent washing clothes increased after 1925. This increase is partially accounted for by the fact that many urban households had previously sent their clothes to professional laundries. But the average amount of time spent washing clothes also increased for rural households with no access to professional laundries.", "hypothesis": "The earliest electric washing machines required the user to spend much more time beside the machine than do modern electric washing machines most helps to explain why the time spent washing clothes increased in rural areas.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6448, "premise": "The issue of food security has become a focus of our government and society. From the international background, affected by the American subprime crisis, asset prices represented by stocks and real estate are falling rapidly all over the world. Because of the decline in the stock and real estate markets, a huge amount of hot money around the world has shifted the focus of speculation to oil and food, leading to rising prices of oil and food, two commodities that affect human clothing, food, housing and transportation. From a domestic point of view, after this year's bumper summer grain harvest, grain prices continue to hover at low prices, widening the price gap with the international market. At the same time, the prices of vegetables, pork and many materials are rising, but grain prices have not risen significantly. Once China's existing grain price system is lost, it will directly affect the normal operation of our economy and social stability.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Substantially raising domestic grain prices and narrowing the price gap at home and abroad are important strategies for China to deal with the global food crisis' is not in line with the idea of this text.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 78, "premise": "The four teams A, B, C, and D are in a round robin match (each team has one game against the other teams). The results: Team B loses one game, Team C wins one less than Team B, and Team B wins one less than Team D.", "hypothesis": "The ranking of Team A is fourth place.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1260, "premise": "According to a survey report in 2017, more than 80 percent of households believe that reading is an important way for children to understand the world and acquire knowledge, and more than 60 percent believe that reading is of great significance for children to develop loving learning habits and healthy character. In real life, more than 30% of the minor children of the surveyed families can read every day, and more than 60% of the children can read between half an hour and an hour at a time. But only 30% of the parents surveyed often accompany their children to read, and nearly 60% of families let their children read by themselves. Interestingly, although parents themselves have taken up too much time by mobile phones, computers and TV, some parents want to squeeze their children's time to play with electronic products and watch TV with the help of reading.", "hypothesis": "The most suitable title for this passage is 'Put down your phone so that you can read with your children.'", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}

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