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{"id": 7277, "premise": "Not all people can become civil servants.", "hypothesis": "There must be some people who can't be civil servants can be inferred.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7794, "premise": "In the process of studying the situation of a certain town, the following information has been obtained: (1) the villagers in the rich village of Zhang are very industrious; (2) some villagers in the relatively poor village of Li are also very industrious.", "hypothesis": "Some very industrious people are not villagers in Zhang Village can be inferred.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3272, "premise": "A German scientist did a study in which he showed a group of 6-month-old babies pictures of the same size and color. Some pictures showed flowers or fish, and others showed spiders or snakes. They found that the babies did not respond significantly to pictures of flowers or fish, but all had significantly larger pupils when shown pictures of spiders or snakes. As a result, the scientist believes fear of dangerous animals is something we are born with, not learned.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Everyone expresses fear in different ways' is the premise of the above argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4115, "premise": "Some animal eggs will hatch by the heat generated when microorganisms in the soil and compost decompose organic matter, but these microorganisms (including bacteria) will also penetrate the eggshell and infect embryos. Naturally, this ratio is higher than 20%. However, in In Australia, there is a bird named Congzhong pheasant , whose eggs are only 9% infected. Researchers have found that their eggshells contain lysozyme. Based on this, the researchers believe that the key factor is that this substance is likely to resist Bacteria infestation.", "hypothesis": "The amount of lysozyme contained in the eggshell of the Congzhong pheasant is roughly the same as that of other animals is true and does not weaken the above conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8074, "premise": "The paddy field is not only a rice planting area, but also a farm where the rice is perfumed and the fish is fat and shrimp is strong. Traditional dwarf rice is densely planted because of the pursuit of maximum yield. In addition, the plant stalk is short and the space in the paddy field is narrow, resulting in poor air circulation and reduced effective oxygen content in the water. The high-stalk rice has a tall plant type, luxuriant leaves and a high canopy, and the plant spacing is relatively sparse, which can provide a good habitat for rice field animals such as frogs, fish and loach, and has the advantage of being suitable for the combination of planting and breeding. The problem of insufficient air convection and insufficient space above the paddy field caused by too dense plants. Compared with the current common paddy field comprehensive planting and breeding model, the economic benefits of this model are significantly improved, which will greatly enhance the enthusiasm of farmers for planting.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'It will become the development direction of rice farming in the future' is this passage intended to illustrate the cultivation of high stalk rice.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14674, "premise": "The Blackridge Company, a software retailer, recently implemented a service offering free telephone support for its customers. After 3 months of service, the average length of a technical support call was 15 minutes, 3 minutes higher than the company's target length of 12 minutes. After studying the operations of the new telephone support division, the company discovered that customer support agents were putting customers on hold for an average of 4 minutes per call while these agents researched possible solutions to the technical issues at hand.", "hypothesis": "The Blackridge Company could reduce the average length of its customer support calls by providing an online support service in addition to the telephone support service.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4170, "premise": "Motto: Originally refers to the aphorisms written on the side of the seat to motivate, alert and restrain one's behavior. Later, one or a few aphorisms that are remembered by a person or often remind oneself are also called a motto.", "hypothesis": "Based on the above definition, the statement 'If nature knows, it will perceive the immutable law of prosperity and decline. It is the inevitable law of the development of human society to change, develop and advance constantly' is not suitable for use as a motto.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7174, "premise": "Environmentalists pay attention to the high cost of protecting endangered animals and propose that we should decide which animals to be protected by evaluating the value of various endangered animals to human beings. This method is not practical, because it is impossible to predict the future value of an animal. It is also impossible to evaluate the value of animals that make indirect but important contributions to human beings today.", "hypothesis": "The main argument of the above is that because the method of judging the value of animals to human beings is not perfect, the decisions made on this basis are not reliable.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 15186, "premise": "A chemical present in all grapes helps reduce blood cholesterol in humans. The chemical is also present in red wine and grape juice, bECACAut not in white wine. Both red wine and grape juice are produced using whole grapes; white wine is produced without using the grape skins.", "hypothesis": "The skins of red grapes but not of other grapes contain the chemical that reduces blood cholesterol most strongly supports which of the following conclusions.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12815, "premise": "Nearly everyone has complained of a mistaken utility bill that cannot easily be corrected or of computer files that cannot readily be retrieved. Yet few people today would tolerate waiting in long lines while clerks search for information that can now be found in seconds, and almost no one who has used a word processor would return to a typewriter.", "hypothesis": "The principle that the fact that people complain about some consequences of technology cannot be taken as a reliable indication that they would choose to live without it conforms most closely to the information above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11121, "premise": "At Tromen University this semester, some students taking French Literature 205 are also taking Biology 218. Every student taking Biology 218 at Tromen is a biology major. Ttherefore, some of the students taking French Literature 205 are not French-literature majors.", "hypothesis": "The conclusion drawn above follows logically if it is assumed to be true at Tromen University that it is not possible to major in both biology and French literature.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1981, "premise": "There is a saying that the human brain has a reward circuit for sugar, that is, sugar intake, which causes the brain to secrete substances that make people happy. Dopamine is the eloquent salesman who makes you fall into a sugar trap before you know it. However, eating too much can be counterproductive. The study found that the consequences of long-term high sugar may lead not only to physical obesity, but also to psychological depression. But it will not take overnight to understand the relationship between food and human body and mind. It will be a long-term study.", "hypothesis": "People who eat sugar for a long time are more likely to be depressed according to this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8333, "premise": "Throughout history, we will find that people are eager to know what will happen in the future. From primitive myths, religious stories to folk legends, there are many contents about prediction. A common feature of these predictions is mystery-knowing what it is but not why. In the history of natural development, scientists have also made predictions many times, and their methods are very different from those of mysticism. For example, in the early days of ancient Greek civilization, the philosopher Fengles traveled to Babylon, learned the periodic law of solar and lunar eclipses and successfully predicted a solar eclipse. This prediction is based on hundreds of years of astronomical observations and laws of Babylonian astronomers, which anyone can do as long as they study hard. There are many such successful predictions of solar and lunar eclipses in ancient China.", "hypothesis": "The intended description of this passage is \"There are a large number of successful cases of scientific prediction at all times and all over the world.\"", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12895, "premise": "Critic: It is common to argue that there is a distinction between literary and genre fiction. The first should be interpreted, so this argument goes, while the second is merely a source of easy pleasure. But this is a specious distinction -- not because every work should be interpreted, but because no work should be. When we evaluate a work principally for its themes and ideas, we cut ourselves off from the work' s emotional impact.", "hypothesis": "The claim that when we evaluate a work principally for its themes and ideas, we cut ourselves off from the work's emotional impact is offered as support for the conclusion in the critic's argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4975, "premise": "In the United States, the average life span of cancer patients, that is the life span from being diagnosed with cancer to death is 7 years, while the average life span of cancer patients in Asia is only 4 years. Therefore, the United States has a higher level of medical care in extending the lifespan of cancer patients than Asia.", "hypothesis": "On the whole, the United States' awareness of self-care is higher than that of Asians, so the early diagnosis rate of cancer patients in the United States is higher than that in Asia is true and will weaken the above argument most.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10821, "premise": "Smith' s new grazing land consists entirely of fescue grass. Half of the grass contains a species of fungus that makes cows ill when they eat it. Smith' s cows will most likely learn to graze exclusively on the grass that does not contain the fungus, since, like many other animals, cows will avoid eating a patch of grass if they sense a substance in it that has made them ill.", "hypothesis": "At least some cows that have been made ill by the fungus are capable of sensing the fungus in fescue grass is an assumption required by the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9949, "premise": "A class plans to select two from three girls, including Fang Rufen, Guo Yanran, and he Zhilian, and three from five boys, including Peng Youwen, Qiu Zhijie, Ren Xiangyang, Song Wenkai, and Tang Xiaohua, to form a group of five college students to teach on a voluntary basis in the mountain area. Requirements: (1) Guo Yanran and Tang Xiaohua are not selected at the same time; (2) Peng Youwen and Song Wenkai are not selected at the same time; (3) Qiu Zhijie and Tang Xiaohua are not selected at the same time.", "hypothesis": "If He Zhilian is not selected, Tang Xiaohua is also not selected.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12939, "premise": "By examining the fossilized leaves of any prehistoric plant it is possible to determine the climate in which that specimen grew because the size and shape of a leaf are unique to a given climate. Since the climate at a given location depends on the altitude at that location, it follows that the size and shape of a fossilized leaf also indicates the altitude at which the plant grew.", "hypothesis": "The reasoning in the argument is vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that it fails to demonstrate that no species of plant can long survive a violent change in its environment.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1683, "premise": "Artificial intelligence refers to the intelligence shown by artificial systems. The core issues of artificial intelligence include reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception, movement and the ability to manipulate objects.", "hypothesis": "The technological breakthrough 'By using the digital theorem proving program, scientists have proved 38 theorems in the second chapter of the book Mathematical principles' has nothing to do with artificial intelligence.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7922, "premise": "The baby has built up a certain model of the outside world in his mind, a certain view of the outside world. If the model fits the outside world, they are satisfied; If it is not, that is, the desired result does not occur, they feel dissatisfied.", "hypothesis": "If a baby smiles at a familiar face, it means that the face corresponded to some expectation in his mind according to the text.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11577, "premise": "Veterinarians generally derive some of their income from selling several manufacturers' lines of pet-care products. Knowing that pet owners rarely throw away mail from their pet' s veterinarian unread, one manufacturer of pet-care products offered free promotional materials on its products to veterinarians for mailing to their clients. Very few veterinarians accepted the offer, however, even though the manufacturer's products are of high quality.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Many pet owners have begun demanding quality in products they buy for their pets that is as high as that in products they buy for themselves' most helps to explain the veterinarian's reaction to the manufacturer's promotional scheme.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12638, "premise": "The current proposal to give college students a broader choice in planning their own courses of study should be abandoned. The students who are supporting the proposal will never be satisfied, no matter what requirements are established. Some of these students have reached their third year without declaring a major. One first-year student has failed to complete four required courses. Several others have indicated a serious indifference to grades and intellectual achievement.", "hypothesis": "A flaw in the argument is that it distorts the proposal advocated by opponents.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14541, "premise": "Over the past few decades dozens of people have claimed to have sighted the Yeti in the Himalayas. This provides strong evidence that the creature exists.", "hypothesis": "The argument's reasoning is questionable because it fails to consider alternative explanations for the reported sightings.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4853, "premise": "Mr. Zhao, Mr. Qian, Mr. Sun and Mr. Li took part in a skills competition and won the first four places in the competition. It is understood that their relationship is as follows. First, Mr. Sun and Mr. Li often meet to play basketball together. Second, the first and third place just met in this competition; Third, the second can't ride a bike, nor play basketball; Fourth, Mr. Zhao's rank is higher than That of Mr. Qian. Fifth, Mr. Qian and Mr. Li ride bicycles to work together every day.", "hypothesis": "According to the above conditions, the correct order to judge the winner of the first, second, third and fourth places in this competition is Mr. Li, Mr. Zhao, Mr. Sun, and Mr. Qian.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4178, "premise": "A, B, C, D and E live in houses 1,2,3,4 and 5 in the same neighborhood. It is now known that A and B are not neighbors. B's room number is smaller than D's. The number of rooms in room C is even number. Room number A is 3 higher than E.", "hypothesis": "According to the above conditions, D Lives in room number 3.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10791, "premise": "Nuclear fusion is a process whereby the nuclei of atoms are joined, or fused, and in which energy is released. One of the by-products of fusion is helium-4 gas. A recent fusion experiment was conducted using heavy water contained in a sealed flask. The flask was, in turn, contained in an air-filled chamber designed to eliminate extraneous vibration. After the experiment, a measurable amount of helium-4 gas was found in the air of the chamber. The experimenters cited this evidence in support of their conclusion that fusion had been achieved.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The amount of helium-4 found in the chamber's air did not exceed the amount of helium-4 that is found in ordinary air' would cast doubt on the experimenters' conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8563, "premise": "More than 400 East Asian languages, including Chinese, Tibetan, Qiang and Burmese, are considered to share a common ancestral language, collectively known as the Sino-Tibetan language family, whose mother tongue is second only to the Indo-European family. For a long time, linguists have long disputed the genetic relationship, the time of differentiation and the place of origin of each language branch within the Sino-Tibetan language family. Recently, the research team of Fudan University announced that, using analytical methods such as linguistics and genetics, they found that the Sino-Tibetan language family originated in northern China in the Neolithic Age and was divided for the first time about 6,000 years ago. The results were recently published online in the British journal Nature in the form of original research papers.", "hypothesis": "The relationship between the Sino-Tibetan language family and the Indo-European language family is not likely to be introduced in this passage next.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11641, "premise": "Nutritionist: The food pyramid was amended to provide the public with a healthier nutrition plan to combat the obesity epidemic. The base of the previous food pyramid -- the grains group -- advised people to eat six-to-eleven servings of pasta and bread per day. In contrast, the updated pictorial nutrition guide shows a plate, and it reduces the percentage of dietary intake of grains and replaces the difference with lean proteins and vegetables. The updated guide has been wildly successful, as citizens have lost a significant amount of weight.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Eating six-to-eleven servings of pasta and bread increased citizens' risk of heart disease' most strengthens the nutritionist's conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8866, "premise": "The coach of a provincial go team selects four of the seven players E, F, G, H, J, K and M to participate in the professional league. The selection must meet the following conditions: one of E or F will participate, but not both. One of J or K participates, but not both. If J participates, G participates. M will not participate unless F participates.", "hypothesis": "G or H, or both, will definitely take part in the competition.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 513, "premise": "Projective identity refers to a behavior pattern in which a person induces others to respond in an established way, which is reflected in interpersonal relationships. It is often that A projects the good or bad object in his heart onto B and thinks that B is good or bad. And B accepts this projection fantasy, so he treats A in the way envisaged by A, Then A further verified his hypothesis and thought that B was the person he thought.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, projective identity is an outstanding father can naturally raise excellent children.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2461, "premise": "It is impossible that all Hong Kong people can speak Mandarin.", "hypothesis": " Inevitably, all Hong Kong people can't speak Mandarin has the closest meaning to the above judgment.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14103, "premise": "Albumin, one element of blood plasma, is an effective substitute for plasma in treating or preventing shock, the collapse of blood vessels due to a drop in the liquid volume of the bloodstream. Injected into the bloodstream, albumin absorbs enough liquid from surrounding tissues to keep the blood vessels open. It has an advantage over plasma because it can be made available for emergencies while taking up a fraction of the shipping and storage space of plasma.", "hypothesis": "Dehydrated foods have much the same food value as ordinary foods and are more convenient for hikers because they are lighter and take up less space in backpacks best illustrates the principle illustrated by the stated advantage of using albumin as a substitute for plasma.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2455, "premise": "At the end of the Second World War, women of childbearing age in a country reached the lowest point. In the mid-1950s, 10 years after the end of the Second World War, the average family had 4.5 children. Ten years ago, the number of women of childbearing age in the country reached an all-time high. At present, the average family has only 1.82 children.", "hypothesis": "The number of women of childbearing age has nothing to do with fertility can be drawn from the above.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12137, "premise": "Lobsters and other crustaceans eaten by humans are more likely to contract gill diseases when sewage contaminates their water. Under a recent proposal, millions of gallons of local sewage each day would be rerouted many kilometers offshore. Although this would substantially reduce the amount of sewage in the harbor where lobsters are caught, the proposal is pointless, because hardly any lobsters live long enough to be harmed by those diseases.", "hypothesis": "Humans often become ill as a result of eating lobsters with gill diseases most seriously weakens the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8344, "premise": "Youth A, B, C, D and E from a village applied for employment in a housing maintenance company. According to their respective expertise, five of them were employed as welders, bricklayers, electricians, carpenters and plumbers. It is known that each of them does only one type of work, and one of their five people does each type of work, and it is also known that: (1) if A works as a welder, C works as a carpenter; (2) if one of B and D works as a plumber, then A works as a welder; (3) C or works as a bricklayer, or an electrician.", "hypothesis": "If E works as a bricklayer, it can be inferred that A works as a plumber.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1279, "premise": "Generally speaking, broken objects are always unbeautiful. But how to explain the fact that the remains of so many ancient buildings, sculptures and even daily necessities are considered beautiful? It may be because these remains with aesthetic value are of great value, either because of their considerable scale, or because of important practical functions, such as magnificent palaces, mausoleums, temples, city walls, ancient bridges, ancient pagodas, etc., it contains the extraordinary wisdom and great hard work of our predecessors, whether it is destroyed in war or natural disasters, it will arouse people's regret and caress the remains to think of the whole. There are a large number of such ancient buildings in the UNESCO World Heritage project, such as the Great Wall of China, the Parthenon in Greece, Angkor Wat in Cambodia and so on.", "hypothesis": "The main content of this text is why ruins are beautiful.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11559, "premise": "Politicians often advocate increased overall economic productivity while ignoring its drawbacks. For example, attempting to increase the productivity of a corporation means attempting to increase its profitability, which typically leads to a reduction in the number of workers employed by that corporation. Thus, attempting to increase productivity in the economy as a whole may benefit business owners, but will increase the number of unemployed workers.", "hypothesis": "The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument presumes, without providing justification, that increased unemployment is sufficient reason to abandon increased productivity as an economic goal.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3569, "premise": "Digital divide: refers to the trend of information gaps between different countries, regions, industries, companies, and communities in the global digitalization process due to differences in the degree of ownership, application, and innovation capabilities of information and network technologies.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, the phenomenon of large companies having the ability and capital to establish big data systems, while small companies often look to them, belongs to the digital divide.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12723, "premise": "Geneticist: Ethicists have fears, many of them reasonable, about the prospect of cloning human beings, that is, producing exact genetic duplicates. But the horror-movie image of a wealthy person creating an army of exact duplicates is completely unrealistic. Clones must be raised and educated, a long-term process that could never produce adults identical to the original in terms of outlook, personality, or goals. More realistic is the possibility that wealthy individuals might use clones as living organ banks. ", "hypothesis": "The statement 'It is a reason for discounting one possible fear concerning the cloning of human beings' plays the role of the claim that cloning will not produce adults with identical personalities in the geneticist's argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4781, "premise": "There is a report that: Those who think that the zoo's safety management measures are already in place should be sober in the face of the following news reports. Yesterday, a man fell into the monkey mountain. Fortunately, the management arrived in time to disperse the monkeys, The man was sent to the hospital for emergency treatment, and it did not cause serious consequences. Therefore, the zoo's safety measures should be further improved.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"It was extremely accidental that the man fell into the Monkey Mountain, and there has been no such incident in the zoo for ten years\" is the most effective to refute the viewpoint of the above report.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10657, "premise": "The cost of manufacturing automobiles is considerably greater in Esteria than in Burdistan. In order to stimulate Esterian consumers' purchases of domestically manufactured automobiles, the Esterian government has historically charged taxes on automobiles manufactured in Burdistan. Five years ago, however, the Esterian government dropped those taxes; in those five years, the number of workers employed in Esterian automobile factories has decreased by 30%. Ttherefore, the number of vehicles manufactured and sold in Esteria must have decreased in the last five years.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Because vehicles manufactured in Esteria have a reputation for high quality, many Esterian consumers have continued to purchase domestically manufactured vehicles since the tax was abolished' most weakens the argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2236, "premise": "From the perspective of top-level design, the cultivation and construction of craftsman spirit in China should be based on building a cooperative guarantee platform, carrying out pluralistic dialogue among different subjects, constructing a cooperative development mechanism of industry, teaching and research, and strengthening the function of spiritual cultivation in vocational colleges. From the perspective of coordinated development, the main body of craftsman spirit in our country urgently needs to strengthen the market management system, cultivate high-quality consumer market, constantly improve the salary system of technical and skilled personnel and construct vocational colleges according to their own role orientation and functional attributes, training center, enterprise three-station interaction mechanism.", "hypothesis": "Building a collaborative platform is the focus of cultivating the spirit of craftsmen is the main description of this paragraph.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7655, "premise": "After comparing bone changes in people living in Europe over the past 33,000 years, the researchers found that the strength of both leg bones continued to decline from the Middle Stone Age 10,000 years ago to the Roman Empire 2,000 years ago, but the strength of the upper arm bone, which was not related to running, remained stable. It was during this period that agriculture began to rise and human beings gradually changed to a settled way of life. The rise of agriculture has led to lighter bones in modern humans, but the strength of the two later leg bones has barely changed. The researchers concluded that the effects of mechanization and urbanization on bone strength were not significant.", "hypothesis": "The most likely hypothesis for the researchers' conclusion is that from 33,000 years ago to 10,000 years ago, the human way of life has not changed significantly.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10433, "premise": "One study showed that eating celery could help curb aggressive emotions. 151 women were surveyed. Of the women who said they ate celery regularly, 95 percent said they were rarely aggressive or outright provoked. Of the women who didn't eat celery regularly, 53 percent said they were often anxious, angry, and aggressive.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Those women who often eat celery pay more attention to fitness, and fitness consumes a lot of physical energy, is very tired, and suppresses aggressive emotions' weakens the above conclusion, except.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1404, "premise": "The number of human genes is almost the same as that of mammals such as cats and dogs, and very close to that of mice. What is even more exasperating is that rice has twice as many genes as humans.", "hypothesis": "The point of view you want to express in this paragraph is that the number of genes does not represent the level of species.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14003, "premise": "Researchers have discovered that caffeine can be as physically addictive as other psychoactive substances. Some people find that they become unusually depressed, drowsy, or even irritable if they do not have their customary dose of caffeine. This is significant because as many people consume caffeine as consume any one of the other addictive psychoactive substances.", "hypothesis": "If alcohol is a physically addictive psychoactive substance, there are not more people who consume alcohol than consume caffeine can be logically concluded from the information above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11767, "premise": "Art historian: This painting, purportedly by Mary Cassatt, is a forgery. Although the canvas and other materials are consistent with most of Cassatt' s work, and the subject matter is similar to that of Cassatt' s finest paintings, the brush style of this painting is not found in any work known to be Cassatt' s. Hence this painting is definitely not a genuine Cassatt.", "hypothesis": "The art historian's argument depends on assuming that none of Cassatt's works is painted using a brush style that is not exhibited in any of her known works.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8646, "premise": "The newspaper group of a certain city encountered difficulties in operation and went to a consulting company for assistance. The consulting company sent Dr. Zhang to investigate the period of the publishing of the target newspaper. There is a morning paper in the morning, a daily newspaper in the morning and an evening paper in the afternoon, all of which are not prepared for night. Dr. Zhang suggested that they should set up a Metropolitan Night News to occupy this market.", "hypothesis": "The period of the publishing of the newspaper and the reading time of the reader being different can properly point out the problems in Dr. Zhang's analysis.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8783, "premise": "Harbin people are all northerners, and some Harbin people are not workers.", "hypothesis": "If the above proposition is correct, some workers must also be northerners.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14144, "premise": "Geneticist: Billions of dollars are spent each year on high-profile experiments that attempt to link particular human genes with particular personality traits. Though such experiments seem to promise a new understanding of human nature, they have few practical consequences. Meanwhile, more mundane and practical genetic projects -- for example, those that look for natural ways to make edible plants hardier or more nutritious -- are grossly underfunded. Thus, funding for human gene research should be reduced while funding for other genetic research should be increased.", "hypothesis": "Experiments that get little media attention and are not widely supported by the public are more valuable than are those that get much media coverage and have wide public support is a principle that, if valid, most helps to justify the geneticist's reasoning.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13228, "premise": "To use the pool at City Gym, one must have a membership there. Sarah has a membership at City Gym. She must ttherefore use the pool there at least occasionally.", "hypothesis": "The reasoning in the argument is flawed in that the argument treats a statement whose truth is required for the conclusion to be true as though it were a statement whose truth ensures that the conclusion is true.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3337, "premise": "Last year, a shopping mall sold 20 million yuan in two days on national day. This year, the shopping mall is expected to reach 70 million yuan during National Day.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"During the National Day every year, the mall found that the daily sales were almost the same\" best supports the above reasoning.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 15038, "premise": "Naturalist: The recent claims that the Tasmanian tiger is not extinct are false. The Tasmanian tiger' s natural habitat was taken over by sheep farming decades ago, resulting in the animal' s systematic elimination from the area. Since then naturalists working in the region have discovered no hard evidence of its survival, such as carcasses or tracks. In spite of alleged sightings of the animal, the Tasmanian tiger no longer exists.", "hypothesis": "The assumption that the Tasmanian tiger did not move and adapt to a different region in response to the loss of habitat is on which the naturalist's argument depends.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8329, "premise": "Versailles literature refers to a way of speaking in a low-key but actually self-showing way of speaking in a variety of public occasions by suppressing and then raising, openly derogating and praising.", "hypothesis": "The option 'Friends envied Mr. Zheng's good living habits, and he explained many times why: when he was a child, his family was very poor, and he often had a bowl of gruel for dinner in the evening. In order not to starve, he had to go to bed early and get up early to form such a habit' belongs to Versailles literature.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8483, "premise": "The level of governance of a city is often measured not by how many high-rise buildings it has built, but also by how much dignity the vulnerable groups have and whether their lives can be basically guaranteed. This is usually the case, and the same is true during the prevention and control of the epidemic. The task of prevention and control is arduous, and it is not easy to take care of all aspects and every group. But the more under these conditions, the more we should pay attention to the people who need the most attention: the more the public's life is pressed the pause button, the more we should pay attention to those who do not have a sustainable life, and provide them with warmth and confidence.", "hypothesis": "Through this passage, it is intended that the author emphasizes that it is particularly important to protect people's livelihood during the prevention and control of the epidemic.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13050, "premise": "Economist: Countries with lower tax rates tend to have stronger economies. Although higher taxes raise more revenue, highly taxed consumers have less disposable income. An economy can never grow if consumers aren' t able to purchase goods and services. Ttherefore, the government should lower tax rates across the board.", "hypothesis": "The economist's argument depends on assuming that consumers' disposable income is directly related to their ability to purchase goods and services.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5616, "premise": "The total population of a country has declined since 2005. It is estimated that by 2100, the total population of the country will be only half of the current one. Therefore, the government has issued a series of policies to encourage fertility. However, so far, the average number of children born by women in the country is only 1.3, far lower than the level of maintaining the normal renewal of the population (2.07) Therefore, some people believe that these policies to encourage fertility implemented by the government have not achieved the expected results.", "hypothesis": "If the government did not introduce a policy to encourage fertility, the total child population would be much lower than it is now can best refute the above assertion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12966, "premise": "Household indebtedness, which some theorists regard as causing recession, was high preceding the recent recession, but so was the value of assets owned by households. Admittedly, if most of the assets were owned by quite affluent households, and most of the debt was owed by low-income households, high household debt levels could have been the cause of the recession despite high asset values: low-income households might have decreased spending in order to pay off debts while the quite affluent ones might simply have failed to increase spending. But, in fact, quite affluent people must have owed most of the household debt, since money is not lent to those without assets. Ttherefore, the real cause must lie elsewhere.", "hypothesis": "The argument is structured to lead to the conclusion that high levels of household debt have little impact on the economy.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7063, "premise": "When we are suffering from some psychological pain, such as loneliness, social isolation, self doubt, negative emotions, and feel that life is meaningless, nostalgia can play a role in coping mechanism. These troubles make the brain begin to screen its own memory bank and summarize some fragments with specific narrative characteristics. Through nostalgia, we can resurface past successful experiences and close interpersonal relationships, At that time, our lives were safe and orderly. The psychologist explained: you are reiterating to yourself that 'I have done great things' and hope this sentence can predict the future development.' although I am not sure now, looking at my past, I know that I am a lovable person. I am destined to achieve great things'.", "hypothesis": "Nostalgia will make us escape from reality is inconsistent with the original text.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12409, "premise": "The waters off the coast of Iceland are filled with pods of killer whales, which migrate there during the summer. Wildlife parks that rely on the killer whales for entertainment hunt the killer whale almost exclusively in the water of Iceland, because strict sanctions forbid them from doing so off the coast of North America, an area also abundant in killer whales. Since Iceland recently gave into pressure from international groups opposed to the hunting of killer whales, it too will forbid the hunting of killer whales off its coast. Ttherefore, all wildlife parks will be forced to end their shows featuring killer whales once their current killer whales are unable to perform.", "hypothesis": "In-park killer whale births have become increasingly common, especially in those wildlife parks that harbor a large number of killer whales, and does not cast doubt on the conclusion of the argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7668, "premise": "Lao Zhang, Lao Zhang's sister, Lao Zhang's son and Lao Zhang's daughter have a table tennis match. After the competition, it was found that the age of the first place was the same as that of the fourth place, but the sex of the first twin (one of the above four) was different from that of the fourth place.", "hypothesis": "Based on the above information, Lao Zhang's son is No. 1.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6633, "premise": "In British education, children are expected to respect not only family and friends, but also love and responsibility for all life. It is the nature of children to love small animals. To cherish and cherish small animals as the entry point and hand over to children to cherish life is a common way adopted by kindergartens and primary schools in Britain. In addition, some wildlife parks or rescue centers in the UK also work with primary and secondary schools to organize visits for injured animals and abandoned pets. Under this educational background, parents will deliberately teach their children to understand the meaning of life and pass on rationality and warmth from generation to generation.", "hypothesis": "The main content of the discussion refers to respect for life conveying rationality and warmth.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11898, "premise": "Planetary bodies differ from one another in their composition, but most of those in the Solar System have solid surfaces. Unless the core of such a planetary body generates enough heat to cause volcanic action, the surface of the body will not be renewed for millions of years. Any planetary body with a solid surface whose surface is not renewed for millions of years becomes heavily pockmarked by meteorite craters, just like the Earth' s Moon. Some old planetary bodies in the Solar System, such as Europa, a very cold moon belonging to Jupiter, have solid icy surfaces with very few meteorite craters.", "hypothesis": "If the claims above are true, then some planetary bodies whose cores generate enough heat to cause volcanic action do not have solid icy surfaces must, on the basis of them, be true.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 324, "premise": "Xiao Wang and Xiao Li are now second-year students in the Department of Economics. When assessing the scholarship based on the total scores of the first-year course, it is known that they both have the same scores in the course of economic principles, while the other six courses such as English and Advanced Mathematics have slight differences. In the end, Xiao Wang won the scholarship.", "hypothesis": "If Xiao Wang's lowest score is much higher than Xiao Li's, we can judge that Xiao Wang's total score is higher than Xiao Li's.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11459, "premise": "Humans began to spread across North America around 12, 000 years ago, as the climate became warmer. During the same period the large mammals that were once abundant in North America, such as the mastodon, the woolly mammoth, and the saber-toothed tiger, became extinct. Thus, contrary to the myth that humans formerly lived in harmony with the rest of nature, it is clear that even 12, 000 years ago human activity was causing the extinction of animal species.", "hypothesis": "The argument is most vulnerable to the criticism that the evidence it cites is consistent with the alternative hypothesis that the large mammals' extinction was a direct result of the same change in climate that allowed humans to spread across North America.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11560, "premise": "On the basis of the available evidence, Antarctica has generally been thought to have been covered by ice for at least the past 14 million years. Recently, however, three-million-year-old fossils of a kind previously found only in ocean-floor sediments were discovered under the ice sheet covering central Antarctica. About three million years ago, ttherefore, the Antarctic ice sheet must temporarily have melted. After all, either severe climatic warming or volcanic activity in Antarctica' s mountains could have melted the ice sheet, thus raising sea levels and submerging the continent.", "hypothesis": "The main conclusion of the argument is that the ice sheet covering Antarctica has not been continuously present throughout the past 14 million years.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12966, "premise": "Household indebtedness, which some theorists regard as causing recession, was high preceding the recent recession, but so was the value of assets owned by households. Admittedly, if most of the assets were owned by quite affluent households, and most of the debt was owed by low-income households, high household debt levels could have been the cause of the recession despite high asset values: low-income households might have decreased spending in order to pay off debts while the quite affluent ones might simply have failed to increase spending. But, in fact, quite affluent people must have owed most of the household debt, since money is not lent to those without assets. Ttherefore, the real cause must lie elsewhere.", "hypothesis": "The conclusion of the argument is that high levels of household debt have little impact on the economy.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2169, "premise": "Psychologists have long supported the theory of mathematical talent; mathematical ability is the ability that human beings have from birth, even animals have this ability. They believe that there is a natural mathematical core, through self development, this mathematical core will eventually grow into all the mathematical abilities we are familiar with. Recently, some opponents have put forward a different point of view; mathematical ability has no talent and it can only be the product of culture.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Babies aged 10 to 12 months already know that three black spots and four black spots are different' can best support the views of opponents.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8614, "premise": "Ordinary consumers are limited by the status of professional and vulnerable groups and cannot effectively identify false or distorted negative information. Even if companies try to clarify, in the current public opinion dissemination environment of good things don't go out, bad things spread thousands of miles, the strong memory effect will It makes it difficult for people who pursue risk aversion to change their original misconceptions, and they will still use it as a guide for consumer decision-making for a long time in the future, which makes it difficult to clarify the injustice of some law-abiding companies, and also gives Businesses have suffered serious losses.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The regulatory department establishes credit files for enterprises and provides consumers with a dynamic panorama of the company's situation' would most weaken the above argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13155, "premise": "The mayor boasts that the average ambulance turnaround time, the time from summons to delivery of the patient, has been reduced this year for top-priority emergencies. This is a serious misrepresentation. This reduction was produced simply by redefining top priority. Such emergencies used to include gunshot wounds and electrocutions, the most time-consuming cases. Now they are limited strictly to heart attacks and strokes.", "hypothesis": "One half of all of last year's top-priority emergencies were gunshot wounds and electrocution cases would strengthen the author's conclusion that it was the redefinition of top priority that produced the reduction in turnaround time.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4203, "premise": "Financing refers to the monetary transaction means or acquisition of assets to pay more than the purchase price of cash, and the monetary means used to raise funds", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, Xiao Zhang in order to facilitate commuting, take out their 80,000 yuan savings, find parents borrowed 30,000 yuan, bought a car is not financing.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13196, "premise": "Federal investigators, called in at the request of the management of Ploutos National Bank, recently apprehended a ring of seven embezzlers from among the bank' s employees. The bank management decided to call in the federal investigators when they were unable to account for millions of dollars missing in their budget for this year. All the funds those seven individuals embezzled have been returned to the bank, and that accounts for about two thirds of the total amount missing. All seven of the accused have plea-bargained to avoid trial and are now serving in prison on reduced sentences.", "hypothesis": "The conclusion that the Ploutos National Bank still has reason to suspect more embezzlers beyond the seven apprehended by Federal investigators can most properly be drawn from the information above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4567, "premise": "Some people believe that high levels of testosterone are the main cause of heart attack in men. However, this view is wrong, because testosterone levels in men with heart disease are generally lower than those in men without heart disease.", "hypothesis": "The above discussion is based on the assumption that hormone levels other than testosterone significantly affect a person's likelihood of heart disease.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10731, "premise": "Correctly measuring the productivity of service workers is complex. Consider, for example, postal workers: they are often said to be more productive if more letters are delivered per postal worker. But is this really true? What if more letters are lost or delayed per worker at the same time that more are delivered?", "hypothesis": "The objection implied above to the productivity measure described is based on doubts about the truth of the statement that 'The number of letters delivered is relevant to measuring the productivity of postal workers.'", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3340, "premise": "A unit selects students to study abroad on the condition that they are proficient in business and fluent in English or French. Xiao Hong was not selected.", "hypothesis": "If Xiao Hong is proficient in business, she is not fluent in English and French can be derived from the above information.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11053, "premise": "Morris High School has introduced a policy designed to improve the working conditions of its new teachers. As a result of this policy, only one-quarter of all part-time teachers now quit during their first year. However, a third of all full-time teachers now quit during their first year. Thus, more full-time than part-time teachers at Morris now quit during their first year.", "hypothesis": "The argument's reasoning is questionable because the argument fails to rule out the possibility that Morris High School employs more new part-time teachers than new full-time teachers.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1313, "premise": "When the development of the enterprise organization is slow and bad problems occur internally, the enterprise must change the management mode. When the external change has little impact, the enterprise can make small adjustments from the daily management details to adapt to the change. When small adjustments cannot adapt to changes, enterprises need to consider management change. It should be noted that adaptive adjustment and management change may not be 100% successful, but if they do not make adjustments or changes, the operation of enterprises will inevitably fail.", "hypothesis": "If there are bad problems within the enterprise, adaptive adjustment can be considered first is an accurate understanding with regard to this paragraph.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1064, "premise": "Induced motion refers to the illusion of motion of an adjacent stationary object due to the motion of an object.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, when we look at the night sky and see the moon moving and the clouds stationary, it is an example of induced motion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8953, "premise": "There are five volcanic islands E, F, G, H and I along the eastern coast of a country, which are arranged in a straight line from north to south. At the same time, it is found that: (1) F is adjacent to H and to the north of H. (2) I and E are adjacent. (3) G is somewhere to the north of F.", "hypothesis": "If G is found to be the northernmost island, the possible order of the group of islands is 4.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5386, "premise": "When the problem is difficult to be solved directly, Application of Transforming Thought refers to the characteristics of the nature, conditions and relations of the problem; Adopt appropriate transformation methods to transform the problem, and finally turn it into an easy, simpler or solved problem.", "hypothesis": "Application of Transforming Thought applies to legal researchers theorizing legal methods, which rise to legal methodology.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3247, "premise": "Recessive hunger is the hunger symptom of the hidden nutritional requirement, which is caused by the imbalance of nutrition or the lack of some vitamins and essential minerals, and the excessive intake of other nutrients.", "hypothesis": " Uncle Wang uses clear porridge and hot soup as his main diet because of his weak intestines and stomach. He does not often eat big fish and meat and raw and cold melons and fruits. Later, due to lack of protein and vitamins in his diet, his memory loss was caused is recess", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 64, "premise": "Modern Western Aesthetics, instead of applying the traditional philosophical methods in the past, it moves towards psychological aesthetics and scientific aesthetics. Psychological aesthetics uses scientific methods to study human aesthetic psychology, focusing on the subject; scientific aesthetics uses scientific methods to analyze the structure and function of aesthetic objects, focusing on the object. But no matter which method is adopted, they think that endless philosophical and speculative discussions on the essence of beauty (the definition of beauty) are meaningless.", "hypothesis": "It can be seen from this that psychological aesthetics studies the aesthetic psychology of people, focusing on the study of the subject and content of aesthetic.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13389, "premise": "Essayist: Human history is filled with the longing for eternal youth and immortality. Yet aging and death are normal and inevitable, indeed even desirable. Just imagine the ethical, social, and economic consequences that would result if it ever became possible to prevent them.", "hypothesis": "The claim that human history is filled with the longing for eternal youth and immortality is one of the conclusions of the argument, though it is not the main conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6123, "premise": "In the cinema chain in the United States, whether it is a blockbuster movie or a low-cost production, the ticket price is the same. This does not seem to be in line with the economic theory that the size of demand determines the price. Some researchers pointed out that the ticket prices of all movies released in any theater at the same time were the same, and this phenomenon formed in the 1970s. This is not only the case in the film industry, but also sports events and performances. Although in certain times and in certain regions, mobile pricing can make film companies and theaters obtain higher revenue, but for theaters, keeping the same ticket prices for different movies still has more advantages than disadvantages.", "hypothesis": "Reasons why the same ticket price for different movies is more beneficial to the cinema is most likely to be said next in this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10692, "premise": "Real estate agent: Upon selling a home, the sellers are legally entitled to remove any items that are not permanent fixtures. Legally, large appliances like dishwashers are not permanent fixtures. However, since many prospective buyers of the home are likely to assume that large appliances in the home would be included with its purchase, sellers who will be keeping the appliances are morally obliged either to remove them before showing the home or to indicate in some other way that the appliances are not included.", "hypothesis": "If a home's sellers have indicated in some way that a large appliance is included with the home's purchase, then they are morally obliged not to remove that appliance after showing the home is a principle that most helps to justify the real estate agent's argumentation.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10364, "premise": "There are 6 pieces of blue and white porcelain: S, Y, M, Q, K, X. The age of each piece is different, and the exhibition is sorted from the earliest to the latest from left to right. The known conditions are as follows: (1) the age of M is earlier than that of X. (2) if the age of Y is earlier than that of M, then the age of Q is earlier than that of K and X. (3) if the age of M is earlier than that of Y, then the age of K is earlier than that of Q and X. (4) the age of S is either earlier than Y or M, and it can't have both.", "hypothesis": "The option Y cannot be the earliest porcelain.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9854, "premise": "Sonic boom is that when the aircraft breaks through the sound barrier, due to the compression of the air can not spread rapidly, it will gradually form a shock surface. The highly concentrated acoustic energy on the shock surface causes a loud sound, which makes people feel a short and extremely strong explosion. Sonic boom occur only when they break through the sound barrier, that is, flying at supersonic speeds. The sonic booms cloud is a conical cloud with the aircraft as the central axis and spreads uniformly from the front of the wing to all sides. It is mainly due to the fact that the velocity of the air flow is faster than the conduction speed of the air when breaking through the speed of sound, which can not effectively pull down the airflow, resulting in a decrease in density, a decrease in air pressure, and water vapor condensing into tiny water droplets, which looks like a cloud-like state to the naked eye. Sonic boom cloud often appear in transonic flights, but not only in transonic flights.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, when a sonic boom is produced, there will be a sonic boom cloud.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 432, "premise": "The careful design of some products makes the products convenient and efficient, brings comfort to customers, and customers don't have to read complex instructions or ask for help from others. On the contrary, some products are designed without considering users' habits and needs, so people will encounter difficulties or confusion in the process of use. This kind of products are called Norman Products.", "hypothesis": "The shape and size of car radio buttons are the same as those of other equipment switches. It is difficult for users to distinguish which radio button is, according to the above definition, a Norman Product.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2375, "premise": "When you think about the origin of the fertile land, you can't help but feel a feeling that can be passed down from generation to generation. The planet on which we live was a lonely boulder in the oldest times, without a layer of soil. It took hundreds of millions of years for the power of the sun's wind and rain and the remains of primitive creatures to create layers of soil, and only a thin layer of soil was added to the earth every thousand years. Think of our loess plateau in North China, where the soil is 50 meters thick. That should be the masterpiece of nature for how long!", "hypothesis": "With the power of the sun, wind and rain, coupled with the remains of primitive creatures, it took hundreds of millions of years to create layers of soil for the earth has a wrong understanding of the original text.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2673, "premise": "The Campus Food Festival of Jianghai University opened. Five people from a female dormitory actively signed up for the activity. Their names are Jin can, Mu Xin, Narcissus, Huoshan and Tulun. The organizers require each applicant to make only one dish to participate in the evaluation, but bring their own ingredients. Limited to conditions, the dormitory has only five kinds of ingredients: Flammulina velutipes, fungus, peach, ham and potatoes. It is required that only 2 people can choose each kind of food. Each person can only choose two kinds of ingredients, and the first word of the name of the food selected by each person is different from his or her surname. It is known that: (1) if Jin can chooses peaches, daffodils do not choose Flammulina velutipes; (2) if Mu Xin chooses Flammulina velutipes or potatoes, she must also choose Auricularia auricula; (3) if Huo Shan chooses peaches, she must also choose fungus and potatoes; (4) if Mu Xin chooses ham, Huoshan does not choose Flammulina velutipes.", "hypothesis": "Based on this, it can be concluded that Huoshan chooses fungus and peach is correct.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5714, "premise": "A traveler wants to go to the railway station. In the morning, he starts from the hotel and arrives at an intersection. The intersection leads to four directions: Southeast and northwest. There are hotels, hotels, bookstores and railway stations in the four directions. The bookshop is in the northeast of the hotel and the hotel is in the northwest of the railway station.", "hypothesis": "The traveler should go south to reach the railway station.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 724, "premise": "Economies of Scope is an economy brought about by the business scope rather than scale of manufacturers. It is an economic phenomenon that the cost of producing two products at the same time is lower than that of producing the second product respectively", "hypothesis": "A dairy factory that produces cheese and yogurt together, and has improved their products and increased their sales volume as a result of their production processes learning from each other, belongs to Economies of Scope according to the above definition.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9598, "premise": "Semantic generalization refers to a word that originally refers to a specific thing or phenomenon, and later can generally refer to a number of related things or phenomena.", "hypothesis": "In ancient times, river specifically refers to the Yellow River, but now it can also refer to other rivers belongs to semantic generalization.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9673, "premise": "Since ancient times, the study of rhetoric has always included the level of ethics. The so-called rhetoric is the skill, skill or art of using language to persuade others effectively. The ethical value of rhetoric as a public discourse includes good motivation, goodwill to others and the truth of the content of the discourse. If you leave or turn your back on such ethical values, speech skills will become a kind of improper rhetoric, a means that can be used to achieve an end, an improper sophistry or clever speech.", "hypothesis": "The central topic of this passage is the connotation of ethical value.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13994, "premise": "Mysterious ancient tracks cut into limestone have recently been found on the island of Malta. The tracks wander, sometimes disappearing under modem structures. Their origin and purpose are unknown, but evidence indicates that they could have connected settlements or water sources. One archaeologist hypothesizes, based on the tracks' physical appearance and surroundings, that they were made in about 1000 B. C. by animal-drawn carts.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Areas near the tracks have yielded relatively large amounts of fossilized animal excrement dating from approximately 1000 B. C.' most helps to support the archaeologist's hypothesis mentioned above.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2573, "premise": "In a certain institute, all the engineers are union members, some managers are masters, some engineers are masters, all union members have applied for credit cards, there is no manager to apply for credit cards.", "hypothesis": "A manager who doesn't apply for a credit card is a counterexample of the above premise.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 392, "premise": "Courtyard economy refers to a form of operation in which farmers make full use of the family courtyard space, surrounding non contracted empty land and various resources to engage in highly intensive commodity production, mainly including planting, breeding and processing industry.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, planting flowers and plants on the balcony to beautify the living environment is a courtyard economy.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10348, "premise": "Critical thinking in Business, a core subject at the University of Sydney's business school, was taken by 1200 students in the final exam, but more than 400 failed, 80 percent of whom were Chinese students. The University of Sydney explained: Chinese students lack critical thinking and are not good at English.The student's representative L complained: The level of English for the students admitted by the school is recognized by the school, and the entrance examination required IELTS to be 7, and we have all reached this level.", "hypothesis": "The assumption that student representative L's complaint depends on is that the school's requirements for the English proficiency of students for admission are the same as those for the completion of each subject after admission.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13799, "premise": "Sunflowers growing in pots were placed, with their roots submerged, in the pond contaminated with radioactive elements. The sunflowers kept growing; in the process, they absorbed radioactive elements. Within twelve days, 85 percent of the radioactive elements were removed from the water, which is no less than can be accomplished with the much more expensive conventional filtration techniques. Scientists ttherefore propose using sunflowers for decontamination wherever there are radioactively contaminated ponds.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Some plants other than sunflowers can also remove radioactive elements from water' points to a limitation on the applicability of the proposed method of decontamination.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12456, "premise": "When the famous art collector Vidmar died, a public auction of her collection, the largest privately owned, was held. I can' t possibly afford any of those works because hers is among the most valuable collections ever assembled by a single person, declared art lover MacNeil.", "hypothesis": "The flawed pattern of reasoning in MacNeil's argument is most closely parallel to the statement 'This paragraph is long. So the sentences that comprise it are long.'", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}

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