text
stringlengths
127
2.59k
{"id": 4364, "premise": "Although winter is approaching, the price of oil used by industrial consumers is particularly low this year and may remain. Therefore, unless the winter is particularly cold, the price of natural gas used by industrial consumers may also remain at a low level.", "hypothesis": "Industrial users who consume large amounts of natural gas can quickly and cheaply switch to using oil as an alternative best supports the above conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1794, "premise": "What is magical realism? To put it simply is to put a magical cloak on reality without harming the truth of reality. This is the most important school of novels in Latin America in the 20th century, which originated in the 1930s, mainly manifested in the exploration of American Indian and black myths and legends, and evolved into a profound reflection on the social reality of Latin America after the 1940s. Through the appearance of various mythological archetypes to show the mix of Latin American culture and social deformities. The reason why magical realism can take root in Latin America is closely related to the unique civilization and social reality of this continent.", "hypothesis": "The influence of Latin American Civilization and Social characteristics on Magic realism is most likely to be introduced next.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5023, "premise": "It is impossible to hope to bring more convenience to life through the Cloud serviceof information technology, but at the same time do not want to bear the risk of personal information being leaked.", "hypothesis": "It is possible not to risk the leak of personal information if you do not use the cloud service best describes the situation described in the passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2980, "premise": "All of Cuizhu's college classmates work in a German-funded enterprise. Xi Lan is a university classmate of Cuizhu, and Jian Song is the department manager of the German-funded enterprise. Some of the employees of the German-funded company are from Huai'an. The employees of the German-funded company have gone to Germany to study, and they all speak German.", "hypothesis": "Xilan can speak German can be derived from the given statements.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5700, "premise": "The study found that the birth defect rate of IVF is about 9%, and that of naturally conceived infants is about 6.6%. The proportion of eye defects of these two parts of infants is 0.3% and 0.2%, the proportion of cardiac abnormalities is 5% and 3%, and the proportion of reproductive system defects is 1.5% and 1%, respectively. Therefore, it can be explained that the birth defect rate of IVF is higher than that of naturally conceived infants.", "hypothesis": "Most parents who choose IVF technology have abnormal reproductive system function, which will increase the failure rate of this technology questions this conclusion most.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1630, "premise": "How to guard against bicycle thieves? Don't mention the 24-hour surveillance video. The camera often generates a large amount of image data. Even if the theft is recorded, it is often ignored during playback. In Britain, where surveillance video is very popular, more than 500,000 bicycles are stolen every year, of which less than 5% can finally return to their original owners.", "hypothesis": "The passage mainly explains that you should be more careful when playing back surveillance video data.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10875, "premise": "First legislator: Medical research is predominantly done on groups of patients that include only men. For example, the effects of coffee drinking on health are evaluated only for men, and studies are lacking on hormone treatments for older women. Government-sponsored medical research should be required to include studies of women. Second legislator: Considerations of male / female balance such as this are inappropriate with respect to research; they have no place in science.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Serving as a subject for medical research can provide a patient access to new treatments but also can subject the patient to risks' most directly counters the second legislator's objection.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1909, "premise": "If people leave culture, leave the creation and accumulation of culture, and leave the value and meaning of the cultural world, they will naturally lose the meaning of realistic cultural value, and it will be impossible to really realize human essence. On the other hand, if culture leaves people, it will become water without a source.", "hypothesis": "The argument is supported by the statement 'Culture and the realization of human essence are interdependent.'", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7056, "premise": "In the face of earthquakes, science is still promising. Through the study of seismic waves, it is found that seismic waves include P-waves and S-waves. The former propagates faster but has less destructive power, while the latter is the opposite. Therefore, through the seismic monitoring network, people monitor the P-waves of seismic waves with faster propagation speed and send signals to the monitoring center, The monitoring center can send an alarm to the public and key facilities by radio waves through the client. In other words, the earthquake alarm is a race between radio waves and seismic shear waves, which can warn people when the seismic shear waves have not yet arrived.", "hypothesis": "This passage is intended to explain that the accuracy and speed of earthquake warning systems need to be improved.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10896, "premise": "All actors are exuberant people and all exuberant people are extroverts, but nevertheless it is true that some shy people are actors.", "hypothesis": "Some shy people are extroverts is not necessarily true if the statements above are true.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14430, "premise": "Researcher: The use of the newest drug in treating this disease should be discontinued. The treatment usually wreaks havoc with the normal functioning of the human body, causing severe side effects such as total loss of hair, debilitating nausea, and intense pain in the joints.", "hypothesis": "The argument's reasoning is flawed because the argument fails to consider the consequences of not administering the treatment.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10219, "premise": "There are seven candidates hired by Haier: F, G, H, I, W, X and Y, of which one needs to be assigned to the public relations department, three to the production department and three to the sales department. The personnel allocation of these seven employees must meet the following conditions: (1) H and Y must be assigned to the same department. (2) F and G cannot be assigned to the same department. (3) if X is assigned to the sales department, W is assigned to the production department. (4) F must be assigned to the production department.", "hypothesis": "If the statement 'I and W are assigned to the sales department' is true, then the allocation of seven employees can be fully determined.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8751, "premise": "Ms. Zheng said that the GDP growth rate of Hengyuan City was higher than that of Yiyang City in the past decade, so the economic outlook of Hengyuan City was better than that of Yiyang City.Mr. Hu said, I don't agree with you. Although the GDP growth rate of Hengyuan City is higher than that of Yiyang City, the GDP value of Yiyang City is higher.", "hypothesis": "The focus of the dispute between Ms. Zheng and Mr. Hu is whether or not a city's GDP growth rate indicates a good economic prospect.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6106, "premise": "Once a small advertising light box can kill about 350000 insects a year. The night as bright as day will also seriously affect the life cycle of insects, especially adults. Insects are an important link in the natural food chain. Many small animals, birds and bats take insects as their main food, and many plants are pollinated by insects. If the species and number of insects change, It will seriously affect the ecological environment. The pressure of excessive lighting on energy waste and environmental pollution is self-evident.", "hypothesis": "The passage is intended to emphasize the interference of light pollution on natural ecological balance.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4376, "premise": "Gao Ming must be a master swimmer, because he goes swimming every day.", "hypothesis": "The premise 'Unless you are a good swimmer, people don't go swimming every day' serves as the basis for the above conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9154, "premise": "Because the conclusions of quantum theory are counterintuitive, some scientists hold different views on the theory. Although they try to strictly show that the assertion of quantum theory is imprecise (that is, they try to strictly falsify it), they find that its error is usually reasonable. within the accepted statistical range. These results of quantum theory differ from those of competing theories, and it seems reasonable to accept quantum theory.", "hypothesis": "The principle that if an attempt is made to strictly falsify a theory, but it has stood all the tests, then it should be accepted is most helpful in justifying the above reasoning.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5585, "premise": "Environmental impact assessment refers to the investigation, prediction and evaluation of what impact the plan or project will have on the atmosphere, water, soil, organisms and the environmental system composed of them, and what impact the results of these impacts will have on human health and living environment, as well as the natural environment, economy, culture and historical environment, Based on this, the countermeasures and measures to prevent or reduce environmental pollution and damage are formulated.", "hypothesis": "Before the construction of an airport, a city predicted the aircraft noise and put forward some suggestions on land use control around the airport belongs to environmental impact assessment according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5537, "premise": "A team of researchers compiled brain data from more than 140 non-human animals. to study why primate brains are larger than other vertebrates.In the study, the researchers not only considered the socialization of primates, such as race size, social systems and mating systems.Their eating habits were also studied, and whether they ate leaves, fruit or omnivores.According to the researchers, dietary habits are the main reason for the large size of the primate's brain.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The results of the study did not show a relationship between fruit or leaf intake and brain volume in the same primate species' best supports the above conclusions.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8340, "premise": "Four contestants, Zhang, Liu, Li and Zhao, who were not familiar with each other, participated in the university speech contest. They come from mathematics, logic, literature and history majors. Before the game, the four people made the following guesses: Zhang: Zhao's major is logic; Liu: Li's major is literature; Li: Zhang's major is not mathematics; Zhao: Liu's major is history. It was learned afterwards that only the guesses of mathematics and logic professionals were correct.", "hypothesis": "Zhang's major is Mathematics, Liu's major is logic, Li's major is literature and Zhao's major is history based on the above information.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3366, "premise": "Personal morality consists of moral cognition, moral emotion, moral will and moral behavior. Moral cognition is the primary link for the transformation of social moral requirements into personal internal morality and the basis for the formation of morality.", "hypothesis": "We should advocate the construction of basic ethics in the whole society is correct.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 310, "premise": "University graduates who have not obtained a teacher qualification certificate cannot be employed as teachers by schools in a certain area. All students in the history department of the normal university in that area must obtain a teacher qualification certificate before graduation. Therefore, any graduate of the history department of the university can be hired as a teacher in the area.", "hypothesis": "If true, all students who have obtained teacher qualification certificates from the history department of the normal university in the area can graduate, can make the above argument stand.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14952, "premise": "Observatory director: Some say that funding the megatelescope will benefit only the astronomers who will work with it. This dangerous point of view, applied to the work of Maxwell, Newton, or Einstein, would have stifled their research and deprived the world of beneficial applications, such as the development of radio, that followed from that research.", "hypothesis": "It does not show that the proposed megatelescope research is worthy of comparison with that of eminent scientists in its potential for applications is the strongest criticism of the argument that the statements above are put forward as an argument in favor of development of the megatelescope.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13474, "premise": "Last year a global disturbance of weather patterns disrupted harvests in many of the world's important agricultural areas. Worldwide production of soybeans, an important source of protein for people and livestock alike, was not adversely affected, however. Indeed, last year's soybean crop was actually slightly larger than average. Nevertheless, the weather phenomenon is probably responsible for a recent increase in the world price of soybeans.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Heavy rains attributable to the weather phenomenon improved grazing pastures last year, allowing farmers in many parts of the world to reduce their dependence on supplemental feed' provides the strongest justification for the attribution of the increase in soybean prices to the weather phenomenon.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3452, "premise": "Administrative License refers to a specific administrative act in which the administrative subject grants or confirms the legal qualification or legal right of the administrative counterpart to engage in certain activities by issuing licenses and other forms according to the application of the administrative counterpart and examination according to law under the general prohibition of law.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, after reviewing the qualification of an import enterprise, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce granted it import certification does not involve administrative licensing.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1491, "premise": "Wechat provides a vibrant public life, which makes it difficult to reach a consensus on public discussion rules. The renovation speed of social tools is far faster than the formation speed of public discussion rules. In other words, this rapidly gushing discussion enthusiasm and the pleasure of just getting rid of realistic rules make people unwilling to be subject to any framework, so that in recent years, what rules to follow to debate, It has also become a common topic of public debate. As an expert said, shared media can promote the development of social forces independent of the state, but it obviously needs a long multi-dimensional collision and repeated struggle to take shape. Wechat not only promotes the freedom of individual discourse and the equality of discourse power, but also makes this standing in line and tearing more frequent and lower cost.", "hypothesis": "The passage mainly says that it is very difficult to form new rules of public discussion under shared media.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11213, "premise": "Nature constantly adjusts the atmospheric carbon level. An increase in the level causes the atmosphere to hold more heat, which causes more water to evaporate from the oceans, which causes increased rain. Rain washes some carbon from the air into the oceans, where it eventually becomes part of the seabed. A decrease in atmospheric carbon causes the atmosphere to hold less heat, which causes decreased evaporation from the oceans, which causes less rain, and thus less carbon is washed into the oceans. Yet some environmentalists worry that burning fossil fuels may raise atmospheric carbon to a dangerous level. It is true that a sustained increase would threaten human life. But the environmentalists should relax -- nature will continually adjust the carbon level.", "hypothesis": "A decrease in the level of atmospheric heat causes a decrease in the level of carbon in the atmosphere cannot be inferred from the information in the passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13833, "premise": "Allowing more steel imports would depress domestic steel prices and harm domestic steel manufacturers. Since the present government will not do anything that would harm the domestic steel industry, it will not lift restrictions on steel imports.", "hypothesis": "The pattern of reasoning in the argument above is most similar to that in which the statement 'Since workers are already guaranteed the right to a safe and healthful workplace by law, there is no need for the government to establish further costly health regulations for people who work all day at computer terminals' is made.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13972, "premise": "Editorial in Krenlandian Newspaper: Krenland' s steelmakers are losing domestic sales because of lower-priced imports, in many cases because foreign governments subsidize their steel industries in ways that are banned by international treaties. But whatever the cause, the cost is ultimately going to be jobs in Krenland' s steel industry. Ttherefore, it would protect not only steel companies but also industrial employment in Krenland if our government took measures to reduce cheap steel imports.", "hypothesis": "For many Krenlandian manufacturers who face severe international competition in both domestic and export markets, steel constitutes a significant part of their raw material costs most seriously weakens the editorial's argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8760, "premise": "Crimes involving the use of guns are more likely to lead to homicides than other types of crimes, but most crimes involving the use of guns do not lead to homicides.Therefore, it is not necessary to distinguish the illegal use of guns as a serious criminal offence from other criminal offences in criminal law.", "hypothesis": "Obese people are more likely to suffer from heart disease than normal weight people, but obesity accounts for only a small proportion of China's population, therefore there is no need for medical and health circles to emphasize the risk of heart disease is a similar logical loophole to the one in the above argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10576, "premise": "Among people who have a history of chronic trouble falling asleep, some rely only on sleeping pills to help them fall asleep, and others practice behavior modification techniques and do not take sleeping pills. Those who rely only on behavior modification fall asleep more quickly than do those who rely only on sleeping pills, so behavior modification is more effective than are sleeping pills in helping people to fall asleep.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The people who are the most likely to take sleeping pills rather than practice behavior modification techniques are those who have previously had the most trouble falling asleep' most weakens the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5723, "premise": "The digital divide refers to the fact that people's information acquisition, information processing and information dissemination are all realized through digital technology due to the influence of information and the Internet. As a result, the gap between different individuals, groups or countries in ideology, economy, culture and politics is getting bigger and bigger.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, Xiao Zhao's obsession with online games and the disputes he has with his parents over it do not involve the digital divide.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11725, "premise": "The shooting at the convenience store occurred just before dawn this morning, and the last police officer did not leave the scene until late this afternoon. With all the commotion, no one could have been anywhere within the vicinity of the scene of the shooting and fail to notice it. Jeffrey must have noticed the scene, no matter what he says. He admits that he went to work as usual that morning, and the only way for him to get from his home to his worksite is to go past the convenience store.", "hypothesis": "The main conclusion of the argument is that Jeffrey noticed the scene of the shooting this morning.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3759, "premise": "Health refers to a person with normal intelligence, reasonable behavior, can adapt to normal work, social interaction or study, and can resist general diseases.", "hypothesis": "According to the definition of health, Lao Li, a university professor in his fifties, who is still energetic in his work and suffered from the flu this spring, belongs to health.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13390, "premise": "A natural history museum contains several displays of wild animals. These displays are created by drying and mounting animal skins. In some of the older displays, the animals' skins have started to deteriorate because of low humidity and the heat of the lights. The older displays are lit by tungsten lamps but the newer ones are lit by compact fluorescent lamps designed for use in museums. These lamps give off as much light as the tungsten lamps but less heat.", "hypothesis": "The statements above, if true, most strongly support the statement 'The displays that are lit by many compact fluorescent lamps are more prone to deterioration than the displays that are lit by a few tungsten lamps'.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14037, "premise": "Trust, which cannot be sustained in the absence of mutual respect, is essential to any long-lasting relationship, personal or professional. However, personal relationships, such as marriage or friendship, additionally require natural affinity. If a personal relationship is to endure, it must be supported by the twin pillars of mutual respect and affinity.", "hypothesis": " A friendship supported solely by trust and mutual respect will not be long-lasting if the statements above are true.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14062, "premise": "When an airplane is taken out of service for maintenance, it is often repainted as well, and during the repainting no other maintenance work can be done on the plane. In order to reduce maintenance time, airline officials are considering using a new nontoxic plastic film instead of paint. The film takes just as long to apply as paint does, but many other maintenance tasks can be carried out at the same time.", "hypothesis": "At the end of its useful life, the film can be removed much more quickly than paint can is further evidence that using the film will help the airline officials achieve their goal.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8246, "premise": "A few days ago, young people known as Internet aborigines are becoming the main consumers of cultural products such as movies and TV dramas, and their preferences shape the direction of the market and the direction of creation. On the positive side, this is conducive to the formation of an effective docking between the supply and demand of creative products, so as to stimulate production and activate the market potential, but on the other hand, over-reliance on market demand may also lead to the creator's medium-and long-term loss. The new generation of young people have diverse interests and do not have a high degree of attention. in many cases, the resulting market demand does not have medium-and long-term vitality. If creators and producers blindly follow the ever-changing interests of young people, they will inevitably lose sight of one or the other and fall into a passive position. Therefore, creators and producers should carefully study the social basis and real and effective needs behind these interests.", "hypothesis": "The paragraph that highlights the problems in the cultural and creative industry is 'Blindly cater to the preferences of the audience'.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14094, "premise": "Mate is a beverage found in much of South America. While it is uncertain where mate was first made, there are more varieties of it found in Paraguay than anywhere else. Also, mate is used more widely there than anywhere else. Ttherefore, Paraguay is likely the place where mate originated.", "hypothesis": "It is rare for there to be a great variety of types of a beverage in a place where the beverage has not been in use for a very long time would most strengthen the argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13424, "premise": "Traces of cultivated emmer wheat have been found among the earliest agricultural remains of many archaeological sites in Europe and Asia. The only place where the wild form of emmer wheat has been found growing is a relatively narrow strip of southwest Asia. Since the oldest remains of cultivated emmer wheat yet found are from village sites in the same narrow strip, it is clear that emmer wheat was first domesticated somewhere in that strip.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"The present-day distribution of another wild wheat, einkorn, which was also domesticated early in the development of agriculture, covers a much larger area of southwest Asia\" most strengthens the argument.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7186, "premise": "Rationalization refers to the phenomenon that people will come up with various reasons to forgive themselves or justify their failure after setbacks.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, Xiao Wang's statement that those who did well in the exam depended on rote learning does not belong to the rationalization.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1336, "premise": "Lithium-ion battery is a very important energy storage technology, which is widely used in portable electronic devices and new energy vehicles. With the advent of the era of electric vehicles and smart grid, the large-scale development of lithium-ion battery is restricted by the bottleneck of lithium resource shortage. Compared with lithium, sodium has rich reserves, wide distribution, low cost, and similar physical and chemical properties to lithium. Therefore, the research of sodium ion battery has attracted extensive attention in scientific research and industry again. Compared with lithium-ion battery, sodium ion battery usually has low energy density. Although it is not suitable for the field of portable electronic equipment and electric vehicles with high demand for energy density, it is suitable for low-speed electric vehicles and communication base stations with low energy density and cost sensitivity, household energy storage and other fields.", "hypothesis": "Lithium-ion batteries will not be completely replaced by sodium ion batteries matches the meaning of this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7206, "premise": "Adaptation refers to the process of reorganization and transformation of the subject's cognitive structure caused when the original cognitive structure cannot assimilate the information provided by the new environment, that is, the process of the individual's cognitive structure changes due to the influence of external stimuli.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, Xiaofang's refusal of the stranger's invitation is an example of adaptation.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10604, "premise": "Travel agent: Although most low-fare airlines have had few, if any, accidents, very few such airlines have been in existence long enough for their safety records to be reliably established. Major airlines, on the other hand, usually have longstanding records reliably indicating their degree of safety. Hence, passengers are safer on a major airline than on one of the newer low-fare airlines.", "hypothesis": "The criticism to which the reasoning in the travel agent's argument is most vulnerable is that the argument draws a general conclusion about how safe passengers are on different airlines on the basis of safety records that are each from too brief a period to adequately justify such a conclusion.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11970, "premise": "Insects can see ultraviolet light and are known to identify important food sources and mating sites by sensing the characteristic patterns of ultraviolet light that these things reflect. Insects are also attracted to Glomosus spiderwebs, which reflect ultraviolet light. Thus, insects are probably attracted to these webs because of the specific patterns of ultraviolet light that these webs reflect.", "hypothesis": " When Drosophila fruit flies were placed before two Glomosus webs, one illuminated with white light containing an ultraviolet component and one illuminated with white light without an ultraviolet component, the majority flew to the ultraviolet reflecting web most strongly supports the argument.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7559, "premise": "Monday syndrome: It refers to symptoms such as dizziness, chest tightness, abdominal distension, loss of appetite, body aches, and inability to concentrate due to excessive consumption of energy to deal with things outside of work on weekends.", "hypothesis": "Monday syndrome can be seen in people who have a busy and tiring weekend, followed by having to go back to work on Monday. This is exemplified by Xiao Li's experience of climbing and traveling during the May Day holiday and feeling exhausted when he returned to work.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2224, "premise": "From the perspective of legal operation, it has been proposed that the application for heritage of peasant paintings will cause contradictions in the determination of copyright, because the authors of the national and national cultural heritage are collective and anonymous. The author of peasant painting is very clear and has the subject and object conditions stipulated in the copyright law.", "hypothesis": "According to the context, the statement that the peasant paintings own the copyright of the work is incorrect.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4723, "premise": "Ecological threshold refers to a point or an interval at which the ecosystem changes rapidly from one state to another. The driving force for this transformation comes from the weak additional changes of one or more key ecological factors. The Ecological Threshold Zone implies the gradual transformation process of the ecosystem from one stable state to another, rather than the sudden transformation like the point threshold.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'If it is found that the local ecosystem will be threatened by serious drought if the temperature rises by 3.75% of the benchmark temperature, then 3.75% is its ecological threshold' is wrong according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 396, "premise": "Redundancy design means that sufficient room shall be reserved in the process of human resources appointment, use, dismissal and promotion, so as to make the overall operation process of human resources have a certain flexibility. When a decision deviates, there shall be room for correction and re decision-making.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, a certain company recruiting a group of college students every year and letting them intern in each position as a reserve cadre training is not a redundant design.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2395, "premise": "Screenwriter moviegoers are those who don't mind being spoiled by spoilers and even inquire about plot introductions and review all kinds of movies in advance. This kind of moviegoers pursue the feeling of controlling the development of the plot and don't like surprises.", "hypothesis": "Xiao du belongs to the screenwriter moviegoers according to the above definition, because he pays attention to rational thinking about everything and has the impulse to watch movies only after he understands the authoritative evaluation, the content of the plot, and the characteristics of the picture.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8359, "premise": "The development of a country should be committed to making the cake of economic development bigger, on this basis, pay attention to fair distribution. For regional economic development, the concept of comparative advantage should be firmly established. There are great differences in physical and geographical conditions in different places. Even if the two natural conditions are exactly the same, geographically adjacent provinces or cities, the best mode of development is not for everyone to develop the same production structure, but should have their own division of labor.", "hypothesis": "The economic development of different regions should be consistent with the local comparative advantages is emphasized by the author through this passage.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7997, "premise": "Every time the government introduces an economic policy, it will change the income expectations of some interest groups. Out of self-interest, these interest groups always try to offset the loss caused by the policy through various behavior choices. At this time, if the government really changes the original policy, the result will not only invalidate the policy issued by the government, but also make the government's ability of economic regulation and control decline continuously due to the loss of credibility.", "hypothesis": "The main statement of this passage is that the government must continue to implement the policies it has formulated.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11560, "premise": "On the basis of the available evidence, Antarctica has generally been thought to have been covered by ice for at least the past 14 million years. Recently, however, three-million-year-old fossils of a kind previously found only in ocean-floor sediments were discovered under the ice sheet covering central Antarctica. About three million years ago, ttherefore, the Antarctic ice sheet must temporarily have melted. After all, either severe climatic warming or volcanic activity in Antarctica' s mountains could have melted the ice sheet, thus raising sea levels and submerging the continent.", "hypothesis": "The main conclusion of the argument is that Antarctica is no longer generally thought to have been covered by ice for the past 14 million years.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10563, "premise": "One theater plans to present seven plays over seven weeks in the fall. They are F, G., J, K, O, R, S. There is one play a week, and each play runs exactly one week. The repertory must meet the following conditions :(1) G must be performed in the third week. (2) O and S cannot be performed continuously. (3) K must be staged before J and S. (4) F and J must be scheduled to perform in two consecutive weeks.", "hypothesis": "Five kinds of arrangements are available if R is arranged in the fifth week and O in the second week.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4873, "premise": "One housewife discarded a pair of old sofas. Another housewife picked them back from the outside and repaired them, so that the sofas are not only practical but also beautiful at home.", "hypothesis": "Whether a thing is useful depends largely on people's judgment is correct based on the above conclusions.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5690, "premise": "Submissive interaction refers to the action process with the same nature or the same direction among actors, which often has three forms: sending signals or hints to others intentionally or unintentionally and causing others to respond; Act in the way of others without consideration; Actors accept the way others act under pressure from others and do so.", "hypothesis": "Everyone can see Xiao Liu's business ability. Even the picky old director agrees to choose Xiao Liu as the business director does not belong to submissive interaction according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3324, "premise": "Some skin care cosmetics with excellent results are made by Noah Company. All of Noah's skin care products are expensive, and expensive skin care products are trusted by women without exception.", "hypothesis": " Some of the skin-care products that women trust don't actually work as well can't be inferred from the conclusion of the problem.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1949, "premise": "Nowadays, the young and new generation of parents have generally received perfect higher education and some of them have the experience of studying and living abroad, so they have their own understanding and requirements for their children's enlightening education. Imported cartoons, no matter in narrative style or in means of expression, are closer to their aesthetic standards. At the same time, children's understanding ability is also increasing, they can observe and understand the world earlier. In fact, China is not without such animation resources, such as Journey to the West has become a classic, repeatedly adapted and popular, because its mythological system is the projection of reality. The key question is whether domestic producers have the ability to think deeply and explore reality.", "hypothesis": "According to the above passage, the author's point of view is that the depression of domestic animation stems from poor producers.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8110, "premise": "Although the cold winter is the high incidence of cardiovascular disease, but in the hot and sultry Indian summer season, the humidity in the air is increased, oxygen content is reduced, usually suffering from hypertension, coronary heart disease often feel uncomfortable, chest tightness, shortness of breath, dizziness and other symptoms. In addition, high temperature weather will make the human body sweat too much, blood concentration, if not timely supplement water, easy to form plaques; Acute myocardial infarction occurs when plaque breaks off and clots form, blocking blood vessels. In addition, people often do not get a good sleep on hot summer nights, which is also an important cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Sultry weather can also make people mood swings, mood irritability, which is also a risk factor for coronary heart disease. In this period of time, because of work overworked and lack of rest, especially to guard against sudden attack of myocardial infarction.", "hypothesis": "The best heading for this paragraph is 'Prevent myocardial infarction at the turn of summer and autumn'.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12966, "premise": "Household indebtedness, which some theorists regard as causing recession, was high preceding the recent recession, but so was the value of assets owned by households. Admittedly, if most of the assets were owned by quite affluent households, and most of the debt was owed by low-income households, high household debt levels could have been the cause of the recession despite high asset values: low-income households might have decreased spending in order to pay off debts while the quite affluent ones might simply have failed to increase spending. But, in fact, quite affluent people must have owed most of the household debt, since money is not lent to those without assets. Ttherefore, the real cause must lie elsewhere.", "hypothesis": "The argument is structured to lead to the conclusion that high levels of household debt have little impact on the economy.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1973, "premise": "Although new retail has become the hottest concept at present, there is no accurate definition of what new retail is. The professional saying is the reconstruction of people, goods, and market under the Internet and big data. popular understanding is probably the combination of online and offline, and then supplemented by artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and other technical means to achieve all-round upgrading of the production and sales of the traditional retail industry.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The new retail can make up for the lack of a single offline sales channel in the traditional retail industry' can be inferred from the original text.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3298, "premise": "In my opinion, as a strict aesthetic proposition, the statement Small is beautiful is untenable. For example, classical poets like to chant small bridges and flowing water, small mouths like cherries, but there are many people take the opposite hobby, to praise the bridge across the sea or Sophia Loren mouth.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Small is beautiful is incorrect' can be inferred from the given information.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 546, "premise": "Witkeys refers to people who convert their wisdom, knowledge, ability and experience into actual benefits through the Internet. They make their knowledge, wisdom, experience and skills reflect economic value by solving problems in science, technology, work, life and learning on the Internet", "hypothesis": "\n\nThe website described in the above definition belongs to a Witkey mode.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7465, "premise": "In the Six Dynasties, the famous talker Liu Zun talked a lot, but he also admired people who didn't talk. He was very happy to see Jiang Quan not speaking often, and said: Jiang Quan can't speak, but it's really admirable to be able to not speak. Jiang Quan knew that he was not talking, but he knew how to hide. Not everyone knows where his shortcomings are, so as to be a teacher, there are countless people who can talk about it. It is excusable to be able to talk and love to talk; many people know that they are not good at talking. It happens that they keep talking and explode their shortness, which is often annoying. Therefore, it can be said that Jiang Quan's doing this is actually an extremely rare kind of intelligence.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Being able to speak without saying is a kind of extremely rare intelligence' can best support the above statement.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6101, "premise": "Most ancient Chinese scientific works are empirical summaries rather than theoretical discussions. All the inventions recorded are to solve practical problems in national and social life, rather than trying to make a major breakthrough in a certain research field. In terms of research methods, Chinese science and technology attaches importance to comprehensive overall research and grasp things as a whole, Instead of separating the research objects from the complex connections, studying their entities and attributes independently and exploring their mysteries in detail, this made the science and technology in ancient China not develop to a higher level.", "hypothesis": "The emphasis of this paragraph is the fundamental reason why the level of science and technology in ancient China did not make great progress.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1612, "premise": "A market research company compared the expenditure of family children's education and cultivation in Shanghai, Beijing and Guangzhou, and found that the expenditure level paid by families to schools for children's education in the three places was the lowest in Beijing. In terms of other education expenditure, the expenditure level of families in Shanghai is significantly lower. On the overall level, the pocket money obtained by children in Shanghai and the living expenses borne by their parents are also lower than those in Beijing.", "hypothesis": "The overall level of expenditure on children's education in Guangzhou is higher than that in Shanghai.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 664, "premise": "Robot: It is an automated machine. The difference is that this machine has some intelligence similar to humans or creatures, such as perception ability, planning ability, movement ability and coordination ability. It is an automated machine with a high degree of flexibility.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, a machine that looks like a human is a robot.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 1328, "premise": "When it comes to the impact of ocean acidification, the treasure crab with a fishery value of about 2.20 dollars per year may be impacted by the reduction of its own food source and will face a strong downturn in the next 50 years. However, pteropods, copepods and small marine organisms with shells vulnerable to acidification may experience a slight decline because they are rich enough to withstand most of the impact. At the same time, marine mammals and seabirds are less affected by ocean acidification.", "hypothesis": "Ocean acidification affects the development of marine life can be inferred from the above words.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2236, "premise": "From the perspective of top-level design, the cultivation and construction of craftsman spirit in China should be based on building a cooperative guarantee platform, carrying out pluralistic dialogue among different subjects, constructing a cooperative development mechanism of industry, teaching and research, and strengthening the function of spiritual cultivation in vocational colleges. From the perspective of coordinated development, the main body of craftsman spirit in our country urgently needs to strengthen the market management system, cultivate high-quality consumer market, constantly improve the salary system of technical and skilled personnel and construct vocational colleges according to their own role orientation and functional attributes, training center, enterprise three-station interaction mechanism.", "hypothesis": "The main description of this paragraph is The main strategies of cultivating the spirit of craftsmen in China.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9674, "premise": "It is a win-win move to make use of the human resources of the sanitation workers and connect them with the standard demand for shared bicycle parking: although the concurrent ownership of bicycles will increase the labor burden of the sanitation workers, their income will also increase; the participation of sanitation workers in the management of bicycles will help bicycle enterprises to reduce losses and costs, and spend more funds on the development of enterprises. For the management of the city, bicycles are arranged in an orderly manner, and the appearance of the city will be better.", "hypothesis": "The option 'Managing bicycles can increase the income of sanitation workers' is intended to describe this passage.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 2730, "premise": "Professor Zhang: the prehistoric essential tools found in South America existed 13,000 years ago. Some archaeologists believe that these tools were used by people whose ancestors migrated from Siberia to Alaska. This view is untenable. In order to reach South America, these people had to trek 13, 000 years ago, and 13, 000-year-old wooden tools were never found between Alaska and South America. Researcher Li: I'm afraid you've overlooked: these wooden tools are found in peat bogs, which are rarely found in North America. Wooden tools rot and dissolve in ordinary soil within a few years.", "hypothesis": "The problem discussed by Professor Zhang and researcher Li is whether it is possible for these people to complete the long journey from Alaska to South America by 13,000 years ago.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3979, "premise": "Administrative license refers to the act of an administrative organ granting a citizen, legal person or other organization permission to engage in certain activities upon examination in accordance with law.", "hypothesis": "The C Trade and Industry Bureau issued a business license to a school canteen on the application of it is an administrative license according to the above definition.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5778, "premise": "Contract of gift refers to a contract in which one party to a contract gives its property to the other party without compensation. The party giving the property is called the giver and the party receiving the property is called the grantee.", "hypothesis": "According to the above definition, providing one's residence for free to a friend to use during the period of studying abroad may result in a contract of gift.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11140, "premise": "The French novelist Colette (1873-1954) has been widely praised for the vividness of her language. But many critics complain that her novels are indifferent to important moral questions. This charge is unfair. Each of her novels is a poetic condensation of a major emotional crisis in the life of an ordinary person of her time. Such emotional crises almost invariably raise important moral questions.", "hypothesis": "A novel that poetically condenses a major emotional crisis does not have to be indifferent to the important moral questions raised by that crisis is an assumption on which the argument depends.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12909, "premise": "If a President is elected, then he or she won the nomination of a major party and received at least 270 Electoral College votes, even if he or she did not win the popular vote.", "hypothesis": "Some Presidents have received less than 270 Electoral College votes must be true.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7508, "premise": "Role pressure refers to the fact that in an organization or a specific social environment, there are unfavorable factors that interfere with the action of the role task, which causes the individual to fall into a dilemma of knowing what to do.", "hypothesis": "Role pressure refers to the requirement for bank staff to greet customers with smiles, even if some people find it difficult to do so.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7749, "premise": "Linguistic intelligence refers to the use of computer programs to achieve language communication between humans and machines, or to allow machines to autonomously complete language-related tasks.", "hypothesis": "Linguistic intelligence is the ability to excel in activities that involve the use of language, such as writing poetry or playing Go. In this context, the statement that the artificial intelligence Alpha Dog defeated many world-class Go masters with absolute advantage in a long-term competition demonstrates linguistic intelligence.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 47, "premise": "A new type of computer keyboard has been introduced on the market. The new type of keyboard has the three most characteristics that traditional keyboards do not have, that is, the most commonly used keys are designed at the position closest to the most flexible fingers. The new type of keyboard can greatly improve typing speed and reduce error rate. Therefore, replacing the traditional keyboard with a new keyboard can quickly improve the efficiency of the relevant departments.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The more efficient one can use the traditional keyboard, the less proficient one can use the new keyboard in the short term' would weaken the above argument most.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9374, "premise": "As temperatures rise, so does the chance that tropical rainforests will be struck by lightning and start fires. However, current monitoring shows that although the American rainforest is hit by lightning more frequently, it does not cause more forest fires. The researchers believe that this may have something to do with the large increase in the number of vines in the rainforest in recent years.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'The stem of the vine has less resistance relative to the branch and can conduct lightning like a lightning rod on a building, allowing most of the current to flow from its own stem' can best support the above conclusion.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9195, "premise": "My running ability has never been very strong, but since I used X brand running shoes, my running performance has improved greatly. Now I can run faster and farther, and my muscles are less sore after the run. Runner magazine also said that X-brand running shoes are the best-selling shoes on the market. Therefore, all people who want to improve their running performance should buy X-brand running shoes.", "hypothesis": "If you buy X brand running shoes, they will make you run faster and farther does not lead to a more reasonable conclusion from the above than the conclusion drawn by me.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 7616, "premise": "Through actual investigations, it was found that some defendants were innocent or even framed; not all suspects were criminals.", "hypothesis": "If the situation of the above investigation is true, then all the suspects are not criminals.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10925, "premise": "Researchers have found that when very overweight people, who tend to have relatively low metabolic rates, lose weight primarily through dieting, their metabolisms generally remain unchanged. They will thus burn significantly fewer calories at the new weight than do people whose weight is normally at that level. Such newly thin persons will, ttherefore, ultimately regain weight until their body size again matches their metabolic rate.", "hypothesis": "The conclusion of the argument above depends on the assumption that relatively few very overweight people who have dieted down to a new weight tend to continue to consume substantially fewer calories than do people whose normal weight is at that level.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 15062, "premise": "For one academic year all the students at a high school were observed. The aim was to test the hypothesis that studying more increased a student' s chances of earning a higher grade. It turned out that the students who spent the most time studying did not earn grades as high as did many students who studied less. Nonetheless, the researchers concluded that the results of the observation supported the initial hypothesis.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'Students who spent more time studying understood the course material better than other students did' most helps to explain why the researchers drew the conclusion described above.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 32, "premise": "In a certain place, two production management methods A and B were tried out in two factories. Their pilot work was carried out as follows: Method A was tried out in a large factory with leadership of high education level; Method B was tried out in a small factory with leadership of low education level, and Method A resulted in good economic benefits; Method B not good. Therefore, it was concluded that Method A was the reason for achieving better economic benefits.", "hypothesis": "The following options can weaken the above conclusion, except: Compared with Method A and Method B, Method B is actually better. Unfortunately, the foundation of the small factory that implements this method is too poor.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 13649, "premise": "Nearly all mail that is correctly addressed arrives at its destination within two business days of being sent. In fact, correctly addressed mail takes longer than this only when it is damaged in transit. Overall, however, most mail arrives three business days or more after being sent.", "hypothesis": "A large proportion of mail is incorrectly addressed must be true if the statements above are true.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3863, "premise": "A manager asked several employees to cut a 30-centimeter strip from each wrinkle tape, only use visual inspection, not measuring tools. Then, each listener was asked to cut a 150 cm and 600 cm tape. After everyone was cut, the manager took out a tape measure and carefully measured each piece of paper and announced the results: 30 cm group, the average error of less than 6%, 150 cm group, the average error rose to 11%; 600 cm group, the average error was as high as 19%, with individual differences of 100 cm.", "hypothesis": "The smaller and more focused the target, the easier it is to get close to it can be derived from the options.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 3480, "premise": "A student cheated in the exam and was found by the invigilator of the college. If the teacher reported the matter to the school, the student will be expelled from the school; If the student is expelled, the college's year-end assessment will be rejected by one vote. If the teacher does not report the matter to the school, the student's cheating in the exam will become more and more serious.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'If the college's year-end assessment is not rejected by one vote, the phenomenon of students cheating in the examination will become more and more serious' can be inferred.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10869, "premise": "In the last election, 89 percent of reporters voted for the incumbent. The content of news programs reveals that reporters allowed the personal biases reflected in this voting pattern to affect their news coverage: 54 percent of coverage concerning the challenger was negative, compared with only 30 percent of that concerning the incumbent.", "hypothesis": "The statement 'ignores the possibility that there was more negative news worthy of reporting concerning the challenger than there was concerning the incumbent' makes the argument logically most vulnerable to criticism.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 11493, "premise": "Politician: The current crisis in mathematics education must be overcome if we are to remain competitive in the global economy. Alleviating this crisis requires the employment of successful teaching methods. No method of teaching a subject can succeed that does not get students to spend a significant amount of time outside of class studying that subject.", "hypothesis": "If students spend a significant amount of time outside of class studying mathematics, the current crisis in mathematics education will be overcome follows logically from the statements above.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 14175, "premise": "Ann will either take a leave of absence from Technocomp and return in a year or else she will quit her job there; but she would not do either one unless she were offered a one-year teaching fellowship at a prestigious university. Technocomp will allow her to take a leave of absence if it does not find out that she has been offered the fellowship, but not otherwise. Ttherefore, Ann will quit her job at Technocomp only if Technocomp finds out she has been offered the fellowship.", "hypothesis": "Assuming that Ann will take a leave of absence if Technocomp allows her to take a leave of absence allows the conclusion above to be properly drawn.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 4355, "premise": "Civil servants refer to staff who perform public duties in accordance with the law, are included in the administrative staff, and are paid by the state finances for wages and benefits.", "hypothesis": "Judge of Dongcheng District Court is not a civil servant.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 827, "premise": "In trade with China, France lags far behind Japan and the United States, and even lags behind the United Kingdom and Italy. China's GDP growth rate this year is expected to reach 7.5% to 7.8%, compared with the first seven months of 2001. France Trade with China only increased by 2.7%, while the trade of China with other European countries, who are France's competitors, increased by an average of 10%.", "hypothesis": "The option \"France's trade with China lags far behind other developed countries\" can be inferred.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 9288, "premise": "The case of Xu Yunhe in Tianjin: while driving, Xu Yunhe encountered Mrs. Wang crossing the guardrail in the center of the road. Mrs. Wang fell to the ground and was injured. Xu helped her up. Mrs. Wang insisted that she was hit by Xu. After judicial identification, Xu's car did not touch her. The court of first instance held that Xu was only four or five meters away from Mrs. Wang when she saw her, and that she must have fallen because she was frightened by Xu's car and ordered Xu to bear 40% of the responsibility and compensate Mrs. Wang 108606 yuan.", "hypothesis": "The verdict goes against traditional morality: like the Nanjing Pengyu case, it will deter the public from extending a helping hand to the injured best points out the flaws in the first instance of the case.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessary Condtional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6791, "premise": "On the page does the German Shepherd Dog understand English, the book corrects my understanding of Jenny Goodall. The author criticizes: there is a woman in the United States who claims to be a scientist who claims to be able to talk to Gigi, the mother orangutan. She said Gigi told her interesting stories about death and heaven in orangutan Esperanto, and she answered in dumb language. Unfortunately, other researchers who imitated her found nothing, indicating that this so-called communication is actually based on fantasy. ", "hypothesis": "The author's original knowledge of Jenny Goodall is that the communication between Jenny Goodall and Gigi, the mother orangutan, is actually based on fantasy.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 5631, "premise": "Peak-End Rule means that the experience of remembering something depends on the feeling at the beginning and end.", "hypothesis": "The bank designed the business hall spacious and bright is not applied to the Peak-End Rule according to the above definition.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10694, "premise": "Because the death of a spouse creates a void in one' s life and leads to depression, it is very difficult to lead a normal life after the death of a spouse. The ability to lead a normal life after the death of a spouse is improved by filling the void with another important element. In one study, half of those attempting to recover after the death of a spouse were told to embark on a new career, and the other half were told to take time off work to fully comprehend their loss. After one year, those in the first group reported lower rates of depression and positive feelings about their lives, and the second group reported higher rates of depression and negative feelings about their lives.", "hypothesis": "The participants in the study mentioned in the paragraph above who embarked on a new career all reported continuing to feel relatively happy with their lives ten years after the death of their spouses strengthens the argument above EXCEPT.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Disjunctive Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 8963, "premise": "People who are in favor of the death penalty usually give two reasons: first, the fear of death will prevent others from committing the same terrible crime; second, the death penalty is cheaper than its alternative, life imprisonment. However, reliable research shows that life imprisonment is preferable to the death penalty from an economic point of view. People think that it is not true that the death penalty saves money. Therefore, the death penalty should be abolished.", "hypothesis": "It is only natural to abolish the death penalty and there is no need to discuss it is an appropriate evaluation of the argument in the main part of the question.", "label": "not-entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12444, "premise": "Journalist: Obviously, though some animals are purely carnivorous, none would survive without plants. But the dependence is mutual. Many plant species would never have come to be had there been no animals to pollinate, fertilize, and broadcast their seeds. Also, plants' photosynthetic activity would deplete the carbon dioxide in Earth' s atmosphere were it not constantly being replenished by the exhalation of animals, engine fumes, and smoke from fires, many set by human beings.", "hypothesis": "The main conclusion of the journalist's argument is that just as animals are dependent on plants for their survival, plants are dependent on animals for theirs.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 10237, "premise": "A new medical technology can be used clinically only if it is effective and safe. In 1998, American scientists successfully made human embryonic stem cells grow and proliferate in vitro. if this stem cell technology is combined with cloning technology, the necessary tissue cells can be cultured from patients' somatic cells to replace patients' damaged cells. to treat a variety of difficult diseases, this is the so-called therapeutic cloning. But now therapeutic cloning is still a long way from clinical use.", "hypothesis": "The statement \"At present, scientists are far from understanding the mechanism by which human embryonic stem cells differentiate into various cells and how to prevent them from turning into cancer cells\" will give the above conclusion the strongest support.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Necessry Condtional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 12789, "premise": "Terry: If You want to get a decent job, you should go to college. Mark: That is not true. There are other reasons to go to college than wanting to get a good job.", "hypothesis": "Mark's response shows that he interpreted Terry's remarks to mean that wanting to get a decent job is the only reason for going to college.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true}}
{"id": 6424, "premise": "The Yellow River is the second largest river in China and one of the few naked rivers in the world. She started from the northern foot of Bayan Kara Mountain and accepted thousands of streams and rivers, flowing eastward through Qinghai, Sichuan, Gansu, Ningxia, Inner Mongolia, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and other nine provinces and regions, into the vast sea. With a total length of 5464 kilometers and a basin area of more than 750000 square kilometers, it is like a golden dragon lying with its head held high on the vast land in the north of our country.", "hypothesis": "The option 'The Yellow River is the cradle of the Chinese nation' does not belong to the characteristics of the Yellow River.", "label": "entailment", "type": {"Categorical Reasoning": true, "Sufficient Conditional Reasoning": true, "Conjunctive Reasoning": true}}