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jpeg -- Python library reference
jpeg -- Python library reference Prev: aifc (aifc.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 12.4. Built-in Module `jpeg` The module `jpeg` provides access to the jpeg compressor and decompressor written by the Independent JPEG Group. JPEG is a (draft?) standard for compressing pictures. For details on jpeg or the Independent JPEG G...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/jpeg.html
Limitations -- Python library reference
Limitations -- Python library reference Prev: Reference Manual (reference_manual.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10.6. Limitations There are two fundamental limitations on this profiler. The first is that it relies on the Python interpreter to dispatch call, return, and exception events. Compiled C code does not get inte...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/limitations.html
mac -- Python library reference
mac -- Python library reference Prev: Macintosh Specific Services (macintosh_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.1. Built-in Module `mac` This module provides a subset of the operating system dependent functionality provided by the optional built-in module `posix`. It is best accessed through the more port...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/mac.html
macconsole -- Python library reference
macconsole -- Python library reference Prev: ctb (ctb.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.4. Built-in Module `macconsole` This module is available on the Macintosh, provided Python has been built using the Think C compiler. It provides an interface to the Think console package, with which basic text windows can be created. ...
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macconsole options object -- Python library reference
macconsole options object -- Python library reference Prev: macconsole (macconsole.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.4.1. macconsole options object These options are examined when a window is created:
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macdnr -- Python library reference
macdnr -- Python library reference Prev: macconsole (macconsole.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.5. Built-in Module `macdnr` This module provides an interface to the Macintosh Domain Name Resolver. It is usually used in conjunction with the mactcp module, to map hostnames to IP-addresses. It may not be available in all...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/macdnr.html
macfs -- Python library reference
macfs -- Python library reference Prev: macdnr (macdnr.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.6. Built-in Module `macfs` This module provides access to macintosh FSSpec handling, the Alias Manager, finder aliases and the Standard File package. Whenever a function or method expects a file argument, this argument can be one of t...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/macfs.html
Macintosh Specific Services -- Python library reference
Macintosh Specific Services -- Python library reference Prev: Cryptographic Services (cryptographic_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14. Macintosh Specific Services The modules in this chapter are available on the Apple Macintosh only. ## Menu
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macpath -- Python library reference
macpath -- Python library reference Prev: mac (mac.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.2. Standard Module `macpath` This module provides a subset of the pathname manipulation functions available from the optional standard module `posixpath`. It is best accessed through the more portable standard module `os`, as `os.path`. ...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/macpath.html
macspeech -- Python library reference
macspeech -- Python library reference Prev: mactcp (mactcp.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.8. Built-in Module `macspeech` This module provides an interface to the Macintosh Speech Manager, allowing you to let the Macintosh utter phrases. You need a version of the speech manager extension (version 1 and 2 have been teste...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/macspeech.html
mactcp -- Python library reference
mactcp -- Python library reference Prev: macfs (macfs.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 14.7. Built-in Module `mactcp` This module provides an interface to the Macintosh TCP/IP driver MacTCP.`macdnr` which provides an interface to the name-server (allowing you to translate hostnames to ip-addresses), a module `MACTCP` which ...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/mactcp.html
Mapping Types -- Python library reference
Mapping Types -- Python library reference Prev: Sequence Types (sequence_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.6. Mapping Types A mapping object maps values of one type (the key type) to arbitrary objects. Mappings are mutable objects. There is currently only one standard mapping type, the dictionary. A dictionary'...
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marshal -- Python library reference
marshal -- Python library reference Prev: copy (copy.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.7. Built-in Module `marshal` This module contains functions that can read and write Python values in a binary format. The format is specific to Python, but independent of machine architecture issues (e.g., you can write a Python value t...
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math -- Python library reference
math -- Python library reference Prev: Miscellaneous Services (miscellaneous_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 5.1. Built-in Module `math` This module is always available. It provides access to the mathematical functions defined by the C standard. They are: Note that `frexp` and `modf` have a different call/return p...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/math.html
md5 -- Python library reference
md5 -- Python library reference Prev: Cryptographic Services (cryptographic_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 13.1. Built-in Module `md5` This module implements the interface to RSA's MD5 message digest algorithm (see also Internet RFC 1321). Its use is quite straightforward: use the `md5.new()` to create an md5 ob...
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Menu Objects -- Python library reference
Menu Objects -- Python library reference Prev: Drawing Objects (drawing_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 15.1.4. Menu Objects A menu object represents a menu. The menu is destroyed when the menu object is deleted. The following methods are defined:
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Message Objects -- Python library reference
Message Objects -- Python library reference Prev: rfc822 (rfc822.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 11.10.1. Message Objects A `Message` instance has the following methods: `Message` instances also support a read-only mapping interface. In particular: `m[name]` is the same as `m.getheader(name)`; and `len(m)`, `m.has_key(nam...
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Methods -- Python library reference
Methods -- Python library reference Prev: Functions (functions.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.7.4. Methods Methods are functions that are called using the attribute notation. There are two flavors: built-in methods (such as `append()` on lists) and class instance methods. Built-in methods are described with the typ...
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mimetools -- Python library reference
mimetools -- Python library reference Prev: rfc822 (rfc822.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.11. Standard Module `mimetools` This module defines a subclass of the class `rfc822.Message` and a number of utility functions that are useful for the manipulation for MIME style multipart or encoded message. It defines the follow...
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mimetools.Message Methods -- Python library reference
mimetools.Message Methods -- Python library reference Prev: mimetools (mimetools.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 11.11.1. Additional Methods of Message objects The `mimetools.Message` class defines the following methods in addition to the `rfc822.Message` class:
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Miscellaneous Services -- Python library reference
Miscellaneous Services -- Python library reference Prev: String Services (string_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 5. Miscellaneous Services The modules described in this chapter provide miscellaneous services that are available in all Python versions. Here's an overview: ## Menu
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Module Index -- Python library reference
Module Index -- Python library reference Prev: Variable Index (variable_index.html) Top: Top (top.html) # Module Index
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Modules -- Python library reference
Modules -- Python library reference Prev: Other Built-in Types (other_built-in_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.7.1. Modules The only special operation on a module is attribute access: `m . name`, where m is a module and name accesses a name defined in m's symbol table. Module attributes can be assigned to. (N...
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More String Operations -- Python library reference
More String Operations -- Python library reference Prev: Sequence Types (sequence_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.5.1. More String Operations String objects have one unique built-in operation: the `%` operator (modulo) with a string left argument interprets this string as a C sprintf format string to be applied...
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mpz -- Python library reference
mpz -- Python library reference Prev: md5 (md5.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 13.2. Built-in Module `mpz` This module implements the interface to part of the GNU MP library. This library contains arbitrary precision integer and rational number arithmetic routines. Only the interfaces to the integer (`mpz_...') routines ar...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/mpz.html
Multimedia Services -- Python library reference
Multimedia Services -- Python library reference Prev: Internet and WWW (internet_and_www.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 12. Multimedia Services The modules described in this chapter implement various algorithms or interfaces that are mainly useful for multimedia applications. They are available at the discretion of the i...
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Mutable Sequence Types -- Python library reference
Mutable Sequence Types -- Python library reference Prev: More String Operations (more_string_operations.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.5.2. Mutable Sequence Types List objects support additional operations that allow in-place modification of the object. These operations would be supported by other mutable sequence t...
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NNTP Objects -- Python library reference
NNTP Objects -- Python library reference Prev: nntplib (nntplib.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 11.6.1. NNTP Objects NNTP instances have the following methods. The response that is returned as the first item in the return tuple of almost all methods is the server's response: a string beginning with a three-digit code. If...
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nntplib -- Python library reference
nntplib -- Python library reference Prev: gopherlib (gopherlib.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.6. Standard Module `nntplib` This module defines the class `NNTP` which implements the client side of the NNTP protocol. It can be used to implement a news reader or poster, or automated news processors. For more information...
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Numeric Types -- Python library reference
Numeric Types -- Python library reference Prev: Comparisons (comparisons.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.4. Numeric Types There are three numeric types: plain integers, long integers, and floating point numbers. Plain integers (also just called integers) are implemented using `long` in C, which gives them at least 32...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/numeric_types.html
OldProfile Class -- Python library reference
OldProfile Class -- Python library reference Prev: Profiler Extensions (profiler_extensions.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 10.8.1. OldProfile Class The following derived profiler simulates the old style profiler, providing errant results on recursive functions. The reason for the usefulness of this profiler is that it ru...
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Optional Operating System Services -- Python library reference
Optional Operating System Services -- Python library reference Prev: Generic Operating System Services (generic_operating_system_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 7. Optional Operating System Services The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to operating system features that are available on selected...
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os -- Python library reference
os -- Python library reference Prev: Generic Operating System Services (generic_operating_system_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 6.1. Standard Module `os` This module provides a more portable way of using operating system (OS) dependent functionality than importing an OS dependent built-in module like `posix`. Whe...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/os.html
Other Built-in Types -- Python library reference
Other Built-in Types -- Python library reference Prev: Mapping Types (mapping_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.7. Other Built-in Types The interpreter supports several other kinds of objects. Most of these support only one or two operations. ## Menu
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pickle -- Python library reference
pickle -- Python library reference Prev: traceback (traceback.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.4. Standard Module `pickle` The `pickle` module implements a basic but powerful algorithm for ``pickling'' (a.k.a. serializing, marshalling or flattening) nearly arbitrary Python objects. This is the act of converting objects t...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/pickle.html
Port Objects -- Python library reference
Port Objects -- Python library reference Prev: Configuration Objects (configuration_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 16.1.2. Port Objects Port objects (returned by `al.openport()` have the following methods:
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posix -- Python library reference
posix -- Python library reference Prev: UNIX Specific Services (unix_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8.1. Built-in Module `posix` This module provides access to operating system functionality that is standardized by the C Standard and the POSIX standard (a thinly disguised UNIX interface). Do not import t...
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posixfile -- Python library reference
posixfile -- Python library reference Prev: fcntl (fcntl.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8.10. Standard Module `posixfile` This module implements some additional functionality over the built-in file objects. In particular, it implements file locking, control over the file flags, and an easy interface to duplicate the file...
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posixpath -- Python library reference
posixpath -- Python library reference Prev: posix (posix.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8.2. Standard Module `posixpath` This module implements some useful functions on POSIX pathnames. Do not import this module directly. Instead, import the module `os` and use `os.path`.
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Profiler Changes -- Python library reference
Profiler Changes -- Python library reference Prev: Profiler Introduction (profiler_introduction.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10.2. How Is This Profiler Different From The Old Profiler? The big changes from old profiling module are that you get more information, and you pay less CPU time. It's not a trade-off, it's a tr...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/profiler_changes.html
Profiler Extensions -- Python library reference
Profiler Extensions -- Python library reference Prev: Calibration (calibration.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10.8. Extensions --- Deriving Better Profilers The `Profile` class of module `profile` was written so that derived classes could be developed to extend the profiler. Rather than describing all the details of such...
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Profiler Introduction -- Python library reference
Profiler Introduction -- Python library reference Prev: The Python Profiler (the_python_profiler.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10.1. Introduction to the profiler A profiler is a program that describes the run time performance of a program, providing a variety of statistics. This documentation describes the profiler func...
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pwd -- Python library reference
pwd -- Python library reference Prev: posixpath (posixpath.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8.3. Built-in Module `pwd` This module provides access to the UNIX password database. It is available on all UNIX versions. Password database entries are reported as 7-tuples containing the following items from the password database ...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/pwd.html
Python Services -- Python library reference
Python Services -- Python library reference Prev: Built-in Objects (built-in_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3. Python Services The modules described in this chapter provide a wide range of services related to the Python interpreter and its interaction with its environment. Here's an overview: ## Menu
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rand -- Python library reference
rand -- Python library reference Prev: math (math.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 5.2. Standard Module `rand` This module implements a pseudo-random number generator with an interface similar to `rand()` in C. the following functions:
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rect -- Python library reference
rect -- Python library reference Prev: stdwinevents (stdwinevents.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 15.3. Standard Module `rect` This module contains useful operations on rectangles. A rectangle is defined as in module `stdwin`: a pair of points, where a point is a pair of integers. For example, the rectangle is a rectangle ...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/rect.html
Reference Manual -- Python library reference
Reference Manual -- Python library reference Prev: Deterministic Profiling (deterministic_profiling.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10.5. Reference Manual The primary entry point for the profiler is the global function `profile.run()`. It is typically used to create any profile information. The reports are formatted and ...
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https://docs.python.org/{python_version}/python-lib/reference_manual.html
regex -- Python library reference
regex -- Python library reference Prev: string (string.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 4.2. Built-in Module `regex` This module provides regular expression matching operations similar to those found in Emacs. It is always available. By default the patterns are Emacs-style regular expressions; there is a way to change the ...
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regsub -- Python library reference
regsub -- Python library reference Prev: regex (regex.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 4.3. Standard Module `regsub` This module defines a number of functions useful for working with regular expressions (see built-in module `regex`).
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rfc822 -- Python library reference
rfc822 -- Python library reference Prev: sgmllib (sgmllib.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.10. Standard Module `rfc822` This module defines a class, `Message`, which represents a collection of ``email headers'' as defined by the Internet standard RFC 822. It is used in various contexts, usually to read such headers from...
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rgbimg -- Python library reference
rgbimg -- Python library reference Prev: jpeg (jpeg.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 12.5. Built-in Module `rgbimg` The rgbimg module allows python programs to access SGI imglib image files (also known as .rgb files). The module is far from complete, but is provided anyway since the functionality that there is is enough in...
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rotor -- Python library reference
rotor -- Python library reference Prev: mpz (mpz.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 13.3. Built-in Module `rotor` This module implements a rotor-based encryption algorithm, contributed by Lance Ellinghouse. The design is derived from the Enigma device, a machine used during World War II to encipher messages. A rotor is simp...
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select -- Python library reference
select -- Python library reference Prev: socket (socket.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 7.3. Built-in Module `select` This module provides access to the function `select` available in most UNIX versions. It defines the following:
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Sequence Types -- Python library reference
Sequence Types -- Python library reference Prev: Numeric Types (numeric_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.5. Sequence Types There are three sequence types: strings, lists and tuples. Strings literals are written in single or double quotes: `'xyzzy'`, `"frobozz"`. See Chapter 2 of the Python Reference Manual for mo...
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SGI IRIX Specific Services -- Python library reference
SGI IRIX Specific Services -- Python library reference Prev: Standard Windowing Interface (standard_windowing_interface.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 16. SGI IRIX Specific Services The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to features that are unique to SGI's IRIX operating system (versions 4 and 5). ## Me...
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sgmllib -- Python library reference
sgmllib -- Python library reference Prev: htmllib (htmllib.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.9. Standard Module `sgmllib` This module defines a class `SGMLParser` which serves as the basis for parsing text files formatted in SGML (Standard Generalized Mark-up Language). In fact, it does not provide a full SGML parser ---...
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shelve -- Python library reference
shelve -- Python library reference Prev: pickle (pickle.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.5. Standard Module `shelve` A ``shelf'' is a persistent, dictionary-like object. The difference with ``dbm'' databases is that the values (not the keys!) in a shelf can be essentially arbitrary Python objects --- anything that the `p...
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signal -- Python library reference
signal -- Python library reference Prev: Optional Operating System Services (optional_operating_system_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 7.1. Built-in Module `signal` This module provides mechanisms to use signal handlers in Python. Some general rules for working with signals handlers: - • A handler for a particular...
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socket -- Python library reference
socket -- Python library reference Prev: signal (signal.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 7.2. Built-in Module `socket` This module provides access to the BSD socket interface. It is available on UNIX systems that support this interface. For an introduction to socket programming (in C), see the following papers: An Introduct...
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Socket Example -- Python library reference
Socket Example -- Python library reference Prev: Socket Objects (socket_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 7.2.2. Example Here are two minimal example programs using the TCP/IP protocol: a server that echoes all data that it receives back (servicing only one client), and a client using it. Note that a server must pe...
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Socket Objects -- Python library reference
Socket Objects -- Python library reference Prev: socket (socket.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 7.2.1. Socket Objects Socket objects have the following methods. Except for `makefile()` these correspond to UNIX system calls applicable to sockets. Note that there are no methods `read()` or `write()`; use `recv()` and `sen...
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Special Attributes -- Python library reference
Special Attributes -- Python library reference Prev: Other Built-in Types (other_built-in_types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.8. Special Attributes The implementation adds a few special read-only attributes to several object types, where they are relevant: - • `x .__dict__` is a dictionary of some sort used to store...
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speech channel objects -- Python library reference
speech channel objects -- Python library reference Prev: voice objects (voice_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.8.2. speech channel objects A speech channel object allows you to speak strings with slightly more control than `SpeakString()`, and allows you to use multiple speakers at the same time. Please note tha...
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Standard Windowing Interface -- Python library reference
Standard Windowing Interface -- Python library reference Prev: Macintosh Specific Services (macintosh_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 15. Standard Windowing Interface The modules in this chapter are available only on those systems where the STDWIN library is available. STDWIN runs on UNIX under X11 and o...
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stdwin -- Python library reference
stdwin -- Python library reference Prev: Standard Windowing Interface (standard_windowing_interface.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 15.1. Built-in Module `stdwin` This module defines several new object types and functions that provide access to the functionality of STDWIN. On Unix running X11, it can only be used if the `D...
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STDWIN Example -- Python library reference
STDWIN Example -- Python library reference Prev: Text-edit Objects (text-edit_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 15.1.7. Example Here is a minimal example of using STDWIN in Python. It creates a window and draws the string ``Hello world'' in the top left corner of the window. The window will be correctly redrawn when...
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STDWIN Functions -- Python library reference
STDWIN Functions -- Python library reference Prev: stdwin (stdwin.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 15.1.1. Functions Defined in Module `stdwin` The following functions are defined in the `stdwin` module: ## ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) (#footnoteref1) The Python version of STDWIN does not support draw procedures; al...
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stdwinevents -- Python library reference
stdwinevents -- Python library reference Prev: stdwin (stdwin.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 15.2. Standard Module `stdwinevents` This module defines constants used by STDWIN for event types (`WE_ACTIVATE` etc.), command codes (`WC_LEFT` etc.) and selection types (`WS_PRIMARY` etc.). Read the file for details. Suggested u...
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string -- Python library reference
string -- Python library reference Prev: String Services (string_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 4.1. Standard Module `string` This module defines some constants useful for checking character classes and some useful string functions. See the modules `regex` and `regsub` for string functions based on regular expre...
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String Services -- Python library reference
String Services -- Python library reference Prev: Python Services (python_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 4. String Services The modules described in this chapter provide a wide range of string manipulation operations. Here's an overview: ## Menu
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struct -- Python library reference
struct -- Python library reference Prev: regsub (regsub.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 4.4. Built-in Module `struct` This module performs conversions between Python values and C structs represented as Python strings. It uses format strings (explained below) as compact descriptions of the lay-out of the C structs and the ...
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sunaudiodev -- Python library reference
sunaudiodev -- Python library reference Prev: SunOS Specific Services (sunos_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 17.1. Built-in Module `sunaudiodev` This module allows you to access the sun audio interface. The sun audio hardware is capable of recording and playing back audio data in U-LAW format with a sampl...
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SunOS Specific Services -- Python library reference
SunOS Specific Services -- Python library reference Prev: SGI IRIX Specific Services (sgi_irix_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 17. SunOS Specific Services The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to features that are unique to the SunOS operating system (versions 4 and 5; the latter is als...
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sys -- Python library reference
sys -- Python library reference Prev: Python Services (python_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.1. Built-in Module `sys` This module provides access to some variables used or maintained by the interpreter and to functions that interact strongly with the interpreter. It is always available.
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TCP Status Objects -- Python library reference
TCP Status Objects -- Python library reference Prev: TCP Stream Objects (tcp_stream_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.7.2. TCP Status Objects This object has no methods, only some members holding information on the connection. A complete description of all fields in this objects can be found in the Apple document...
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TCP Stream Objects -- Python library reference
TCP Stream Objects -- Python library reference Prev: mactcp (mactcp.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.7.1. TCP Stream Objects
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tempfile -- Python library reference
tempfile -- Python library reference Prev: getopt (getopt.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 6.4. Standard Module `tempfile` This module generates temporary file names. It is not UNIX specific, but it may require some help on non-UNIX systems. Note: the modules does not create temporary files, nor does it automatically remov...
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TERMIOS -- Python library reference
TERMIOS -- Python library reference Prev: termios (termios.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8.8. Standard Module `TERMIOS` This module defines the symbolic constants required to use the `termios` module (see the previous section). See the Posix or UNIX manual pages (or the source) for a list of those constants. Note: this ...
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termios Example -- Python library reference
termios Example -- Python library reference Prev: termios (termios.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 8.7.1. Example Here's a function that prompts for a password with echoing turned off. Note the technique using a separate `termios.tcgetattr()` call and a `try ... finally` statement to ensure that the old tty attributes are...
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Text-edit Objects -- Python library reference
Text-edit Objects -- Python library reference Prev: Bitmap Objects (bitmap_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 15.1.6. Text-edit Objects A text-edit object represents a text-edit block. For semantics, see the STDWIN documentation for C programmers. The following methods exist:
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The Null Object -- Python library reference
The Null Object -- Python library reference Prev: Type Objects (type_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.7.7. The Null Object This object is returned by functions that don't explicitly return a value. It supports no special operations. There is exactly one null object, named `None` (a built-in name). It is writ...
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The Python Debugger -- Python library reference
The Python Debugger -- Python library reference Prev: UNIX Specific Services (unix_specific_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 9. The Python Debugger The module `pdb` defines an interactive source code debugger for Python programs. It supports setting breakpoints and single stepping at the source line level, inspect...
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The Python Profiler -- Python library reference
The Python Profiler -- Python library reference Prev: The Python Debugger (the_python_debugger.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 10. The Python Profiler Copyright @copyright 1994, by InfoSeek Corporation, all rights reserved. Written by James Roskind(1) (#footnotetext1) Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this Py...
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The Stats Class -- Python library reference
The Stats Class -- Python library reference Prev: Reference Manual (reference_manual.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 10.5.1. The `Stats` Class ## ---------- Footnotes ---------- (1) (#footnoteref1) This was once necessary, when Python would print any unused expression result that was not `None`. The method is still defin...
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thread -- Python library reference
thread -- Python library reference Prev: select (select.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 7.4. Built-in Module `thread` This module provides low-level primitives for working with multiple threads (a.k.a. light-weight processes or tasks) --- multiple threads of control sharing their global data space. For synchronization, si...
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time -- Python library reference
time -- Python library reference Prev: os (os.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 6.2. Built-in Module `time` This module provides various time-related functions. It is always available. An explanation of some terminology and conventions is in order. - • The ``epoch'' is the point where the time starts. On January 1st of that ...
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Top -- Python library reference
Top -- Python library reference Prev: (dir) (../dir.html) # The Python library This file describes the built-in types, exceptions and functions and the standard modules that come with the Python system. It assumes basic knowledge about the Python language. For an informal introduction to the language, see the Python ...
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traceback -- Python library reference
traceback -- Python library reference Prev: types (types.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.3. Standard Module `traceback` This module provides a standard interface to format and print stack traces of Python programs. It exactly mimics the behavior of the Python interpreter when it prints a stack trace. This is useful whe...
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Truth Value Testing -- Python library reference
Truth Value Testing -- Python library reference Prev: Types (types.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 2.1.1. Truth Value Testing Any object can be tested for truth value, for use in an `if` or `while` condition or as operand of the Boolean operations below. The following values are considered false: - • `None` • zero of an...
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Type Objects -- Python library reference
Type Objects -- Python library reference Prev: Code Objects (code_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ### 2.1.7.6. Type Objects Type objects represent the various object types. An object's type is accessed by the built-in function `type()`. There are no special operations on types. The standard module `types` defines ...
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types -- Python library reference
types -- Python library reference Prev: sys (sys.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 3.2. Standard Module `types` This module defines names for all object types that are used by the standard Python interpreter (but not for the types defined by various extension modules). It is safe to use ```from types import *`'' --- the mod...
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UDP Stream Objects -- Python library reference
UDP Stream Objects -- Python library reference Prev: TCP Status Objects (tcp_status_objects.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.7.3. UDP Stream Objects Note that, unlike the name suggests, there is nothing stream-like about UDP.
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UNIX Specific Services -- Python library reference
UNIX Specific Services -- Python library reference Prev: Optional Operating System Services (optional_operating_system_services.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 8. UNIX Specific Services The modules described in this chapter provide interfaces to features that are unique to the UNIX operating system, or in some cases to som...
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urllib -- Python library reference
urllib -- Python library reference Prev: cgi (cgi.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.2. Standard Module `urllib` This module provides a high-level interface for fetching data across the World-Wide Web. In particular, the `urlopen` function is similar to the built-in function `open`, but accepts URLs (Universal Resource Lo...
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urlparse -- Python library reference
urlparse -- Python library reference Prev: nntplib (nntplib.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 11.7. Standard Module `urlparse` This module defines a standard interface to break URL strings up in components (addessing scheme, network location, path etc.), to combine the components back into a URL string, and to convert a ``re...
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Variable Index -- Python library reference
Variable Index -- Python library reference Prev: Function Index (function_index.html) Top: Top (top.html) # Variable Index
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voice objects -- Python library reference
voice objects -- Python library reference Prev: macspeech (macspeech.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 14.8.1. voice objects Voice objects contain the description of a voice. It is currently not yet possible to access the parameters of a voice.
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whrandom -- Python library reference
whrandom -- Python library reference Prev: rand (rand.html) Top: Top (top.html) # 5.3. Standard Module `whrandom` This module implements a Wichmann-Hill pseudo-random number generator. It defines the following functions:
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Window Objects -- Python library reference
Window Objects -- Python library reference Prev: STDWIN Functions (stdwin_functions.html) Top: Top (top.html) ## 15.1.2. Window Objects Window objects are created by `stdwin.open()`. They are closed by their `close()` method or when they are garbage-collected. Window objects have the following methods:
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Footnotes
guido@cwi.nl
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