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Tuesday, January 16, 2018
Stick Fight Review
A poor man's Smash Bros... but that poor man probably knows how to party!
Stick Fight: The Game is probably one of the most simple and straight-forward titles I've ever reviewed. In this physics-based fighting game, each player, represented by a stick figure, is dropped into an arena and battles to the death with an assortment of random weapons that fall from the sky. The controls are exceptionally simple for a fighting game; the only moves are run, jump, and attack. Players defeat each other by either dealing enough damage to score a kill or knocking each other off the screen. The moment that there is only one stick person left, the arena reconfigures itself and everyone respawns. Repeat.
Despite the simplicity of the game, Stick Fight kept my friends and I glued to our computers for several hours. A combination of three factors makes this seemingly shallow title so entertaining: level variety, unpredictability, fluidity.
• The level design in Stick Fight is the game's strongest feature. Each time the stage reshuffles, the players are thrown into another set of environmental hazards that can range from lava flows, to explosive barrels, to destructible ice platforms. There are probably about fifty different stage layouts and the key to victory is quickly figuring out how to use the environment to your advantage.
• Nothing in Stick Fight ever plays out exactly as you would expect. Sometimes just the right weapon lands at your feet to give you the upper hand. Th next thing you know, you're firing that weapon at your enemies and the absurdly strong recoil causes you to ricochet off a series of explosive barrels to your doom. Every once in awhile a brazen unarmed stick person can rush into a barrage of bullets and land a knock-out punch on a heavily armed foe. A few seconds later, a stray bullet might topple a stack of crates that crush the triumphant pugilist. Some guns fire angry snakes instead of bullets. Anything can happen in a bout of Stick Fight and it's hilarious.
• The flow from one match to the next is seamless. Bitter about that last round where your victory was snatched from you at the last second? In a few seconds, the next round will begin and you'll forget all about it! Each battle usually lasts no more than a few seconds and after a quick flash of text acknowledges the winner, the next round begins immediately.
Stick Fight is one of those games that you and your friends will find yourself saying "just one more round"... and then you look up at the clock and realize that whole hour has gone by. Eventually, you'll see every level, weapon, and zany outcome that can happen in a match, but in the meantime, you'll have had several hours of laughs with your friends and have more than gotten your $5 out of the game. I'd highly recommend Stick Fight to those looking for a fun multiplayer game that they don't have to take too seriously.
Score: ⭐️⭐️⭐️⭐️
Acknowledgement: I'm playing this game as part of #FightingGameMonth. This event is part of the Chic-Pixel blog's Community Game Along series. For more info, check out their post on this month's theme.
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Infographic | Data Visualization and Discovery
April 2, 2014
Far from mere “eye candy,” data visualization is critical to driving better business decisions with data. Learn the top visualization types, functionality, and development approaches for enhancing decisions, expanding collaboration, and improving operations.
Download the Infographic
Download the Best Practices Report
tdwi infographic
TDWI Membership
Individual, Student, & Team memberships available.
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Between you and I, across borders, the I love yous and the digital kisses, the distance don’t matter, I’ve crossed seas and cyberspace, to be with you on the other side of the screen, it must be weird, you miles away, here I am lost in time, my body clock fucked, my mind trailling behind, if twilight zone had a moment it would be now, technological advancements were made so that we lovers could kiss each other goodnight, say our good mornings, and just be with each other, the distance don’t matter, when your part of the world has turned upside down, I’ll be here for you digitized on your screen, millions of pixels in movment as we smile, talk and laugh our blues away, the thought of being away from a loved one will always come to mind, we’re just a phone call away, maybe a video call, no matter what you say or do, I’ll be waiting, my soul partially submerged in codings and binaries, waiting for the moment you step into my arms, the distance don’t matter but at the end of the day, the real you, in flesh, blood and lust is all I fucking want.
© elancharan
18 thoughts on “DISTANCE DON’T MATTER
1. Being with the one you care about is not about distance or time. You are right about that. You breathe the same air, your mind fills up with thoughts of love and lust, and finally the reality. If you get together the rest doesn’t matter.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3312
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Why Is Chocolate Good For You?
First, a little history lesson. The Latin name for chocolate, Theobroma cacao, was first named by the famous botanist Carl von Linné. Theobroma literally translates as food for the gods, while cacao is similar to the names the people of Mesoamerica were using, such as ka-kaw. According to anthropologists, cacao was first used about four […]
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Whom have I
Psalms 73:25-26 Whom have I in heaven but thee? and there is none upon earth that I desire beside thee. My flesh and my heart faileth: but God is the strength of my heart, and my portion for ever. I had been down of late and every time I allowed the cares of this world … Continue reading Whom have I
Time is Over!
Greetings in the name of the Lord! I know people don't like to hear about the rapture anymore but... This is astounding and really bears witness with my spirit that we are so close to the rapture that we may see it at any time now. Even though I am not looking for an escape … Continue reading Time is Over!
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Origen Con Cel., 5.33
The remarks which we have made not only answer the statements of Celsus regarding the superintending spirits, but anticipate in some measure what he afterwards brings forward, when he says: Let the second party come forward; and I shall ask them whence they come, and whom they regard as the originator of their ancestral customs. They will reply, No one, because they spring from the same source as the Jews themselves, and derive their instruction and superintendence from no other quarter, and notwithstanding they have revolted from the Jews. Each one of us, then, has come in the last days, when one Jesus has visited us, to the visible mountain of the Lord, the Word that is above every word, and to the house of God, which is the Church of the living God, the pillar and ground of the truth. And we notice how it is built upon the tops of the mountains, i.e., the predictions of all the prophets, which are its foundations. And this house is exalted above the hills, i.e., those individuals among men who make a profession of superior attainments in wisdom and truth; and all the nations come to it, and the many nations go forth, and say to one another, turning to the religion which in the last days has shone forth through Jesus Christ: Come, and let us go up to the mountain of the Lord, to the house of the God of Jacob; and He will teach us of His ways, and we will walk in them. For the law came forth from the dwellers in Sion, and settled among us as a spiritual law. Moreover, the word of the Lord came forth from that very Jerusalem, that it might be disseminated through all places, and might judge in the midst of the heathen, selecting those whom it sees to be submissive, and rejecting the disobedient, who are many in number. And to those who inquire of us whence we come, or who is our founder, we reply that we have come, agreeably to the counsels of Jesus, to cut down our hostile and insolent ‘wordy’ swords into ploughshares, and to convert into pruning-hooks the spears formerly employed in war. For we no longer take up sword against nation, nor do we learn war any more, having become children of peace, for the sake of Jesus, who is our leader, instead of those whom our fathers followed, among whom we were strangers to the covenant, and having received a law, for which we give thanks to Him that rescued us from the error (of our ways), saying, Our fathers honoured lying idols, and there is not among them one that causes it to rain. Our Superintendent, then, and Teacher, having come forth from the Jews, regulates the whole world by the word of His teaching. And having made these remarks by way of anticipation, we have refuted as well as we could the untrue statements of Celsus, by subjoining the appropriate answer.
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Breast Cancer Prevention: Angelina Jolie and US Health Care
Around 1981, one of my aunts, a pediatrician and physiatrist who is now retired, had a prophylactic bilateral mastectomy, after a second of her four sisters was found to have breast cancer.
Now Angelina Jolie has announced that she decided to do the same, due to having the BRCA1 gene. The autosomal dominant BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes cause a 60 percent risk of breast cancer and also increase the risk of other cancers. See this link from the National Cancer Institute.
What do Angelina Jolie and my aunt (whose name rhymes with Angelina's) have in common as well? They were able to afford surgery that their insurance did not pay for. Currently, Medicare will not cover even the DNA test for BRCA1, much less the prophylactic double mastectomy and the cosmetic bilateral breast implants.
Vireya rhodedendrons
I took these photos earlier this week. Our vireya rhodedendrons have started flowering again, after a winter's rest.
Natural Kinds, Complexity, and the Particular: Part I
I've recently read Manuel DeLanda's book Intensive Science and Virtual Philosophy (2005). Recommended. I've been intrigued by how differently Aristotle and DeLanda consider formal causation as a shaping principle in biology.
For the traditional Aristotelian or Thomistic essentialist (AT-E), living things are a combination of matter and form, with the form determining the essence of the living individual, its natural kind. The form of that individual living substance is the same between individuals of that species, which otherwise may differ in their accidental, non-essential properties. For the AT-E, the mind understands the nature of that species by abstraction within the mind's thoughts, which comes to hold (as a mental property) the same form that makes individuals of that species the species which they are. Thus, for the AT-E, mental representation captures the true or natural essence of the species, its eternal form.
Though useful for taxonomy of species, there was an unfortunate sterility of the AT-E idea of substance when it came to scientific progress which led to its total abandonment in modern biology. The problem was the tendency for the AT-E philosopher's investigation to end once a satisfactory species definition was decided. The essence of a species, to the AT-E theorist, could be completely captured in a concept that is adequate to separate that species from other species. Thus, the essence of humanity is captured in "rational animal" and the essence of animal itself is that of a mobile life form. Once defined, these concepts tended to be used to represent the species itself, and the other, often unique characteristics of the species were regarded as mere unimportant "accidents." Yet much of modern biology's success lies in its systematic investigation of what are unessential properties to the AT-E theorist. For example, human DNA and its difference from the DNA of, say, a plant, might be a mere distraction from the more important study of essences to the AT-E theorist, yet many useful technologies in modern life depend upon our understanding of the (unimportant to the A-T metaphysician) accident of differences in DNA.
Lest the reader think I am criticizing a mere straw-man position for the AT-E theorist, let me quote Oderberg, a current AT-E philosopher, on the classification of things such as motile bacteria and intelligent non-humans. First, "Secondly, all motile bacteria and archaea, whatever their relation to the kingdom Animalia and whatever their differences from each other, are animals: they can sense their environment and they can move themselves" (David S. Oderberg, Real Essentialism, p. 190). Second, according to Oderberg, "any truly rational animal, if such were metaphysically possible, would still be human" (Oderberg, p. 104).
Why is this disturbing? Oderberg is letting his definitions govern his science instead of using science to better guide his definitions. If things are only truly known via their essences, the definition of the essence, once settled upon, becomes more important than the other properties of an individual, which are considered mere accidents. Eventually, the biology becomes ignored by the definition maker and his followers, who are then falsely secure that the essence of their derived mental representation tells them all that is essential about a living creature. In this way, metaphysics can be seen, even today, to lead to a kind of scientific doldrums, where classification is all that is required for understanding.
Although Deluze and DeLanda admit formal causes, and see them as fundamental to living things, they do so in an entirely different way, one that does not confuse our mental categories of representation with the actual causes of the natural categories of various living things. In DeLanda, the formal cause of a living being (such as a bacterium, for example) is instead a complex, historical entity of many specific factors, which does not resemble our mental representation or definition of the individual bacterium, and which might in some other context (such as in a computer simulation) produce an entirely different kind of thing, which would be similar to the bacterium only in that mathematical models of its systems would be similar. That way is the way of multiplicities, or "concrete universals," which are mathematical manifolds containing attractors which describe tendencies of systems to take a particular state (Manuel DeLanda, Intensive Science and Virtual Philosophy, p. 22).
Because DeLanda's universals incorporate the mathematically based models of much of modern science, they do not seem to invite a stultifying and distorting reliance on classical definitions that bedevils Oderberg's work.
As such, DeLanda's universals are promising as a basis for the causes of emergence in my emergent neutral monist schema. More on this in a future post.
On the reports of human CRISPR research.
What He Jiankui et al., 2018 said was an important ethical principle. What He Jiankui claims he did by usi...
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USN-285-1: awstats vulnerability
23 May 2006
awstats vulnerability
A security issue affects these releases of Ubuntu and its derivatives:
• Ubuntu 5.10
• Ubuntu 5.04
Software Description
AWStats did not properly sanitize the ‘migrate’ CGI parameter. If the update of the stats via web front-end is allowed, a remote attacker could execute arbitrary commands on the server with the privileges of the AWStats server.
This does not affect AWStats installations which only build static pages.
Update instructions
Ubuntu 5.10
Ubuntu 5.04
To update your system, please follow these instructions:
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ModHQ Now supports AoM Beta formats
Spent a bit more time on ModHQ to get it working with the beta formats; The beta uses a BTX texture format (bitmap), the BAR format is slightly changed, and XMB files sometimes contain uncompressed camel-case XML.
ModHQ with AoM Beta menu screen
Download (.net binary & source code)
Theres more discussion about the Alpha & Beta versions over here:,29492,0,20, go check it out and run it through ModHQ to see all the sweet sweet game assets.
AoM Farm Optimiser
I haven’t had much time lately for RTS4, but I needed a break from Uni work, so decided to build a quick farm optimising website. Drag around to pan the camera, click items on the right to select that type, and click in the world to place them. Select objects and drag them to move them, or press delete to delete them. The average distance is calculated as the average distance from 4 points on each farm to the nearest drop site.
Update: Added collisions and shadows, it looks a lot nicer now
AoM Farm Optimiser Screenshot (with shadows)
WebGL (IE11, Firefox, Chrome)
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Information for "File:Oc-nl.png"
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301 Smart Answers to Tough Interview Questions
Winning Job Interviews, Revised Edition
101 Smart Questions to Ask on Your Interview (Ron Fry's How to Study Program)
101 Great Answers to the Toughest Interview Questions
60 Seconds and You're Hired!
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Ahern Exclusive
Type: Serrano
Variety: Catan
Supplier: Ahern
Average Weight/Size: 7-9 cm
Resistance/Tolerance: Tolerant to Bacteria and Nematodes
Culture: Open Field
Intermediate maturing variety that produces large fruits that measure from 7 to 9 cm. Slightly spicy, dark green fruits with medium sized walls. Good shelf life. Tolerant to bacteria and nematodes.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3461
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Answer Fitness® > Health & Exercise Glossary > Catabolism: What Is Catabolism?
Catabolism: What Is Catabolism?
What Is Catabolism? Learn What Catabolism Is And The Role It Plays In The Body.
Definition of Catabolism
Catabolism is a series of chemical reactions (via metabolic pathways in the body) that break down complex molecules into smaller units and release energy. This released energy is then stored within the molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
Cells use ATP to:
• Synthesize cell components
• Power muscle contraction and motion
• Transport substances across cell membranes.
Catabolism is the opposite of anabolism, which is the process of creating larger, more complex molecules via metabolic pathways.
Examples and Types of Catabolism
The types of large molecules typically broken down by catabolism include:
• Polysaccharides (starches and glycogen)
• Lipids (fats)
• Nucleic acids
• Proteins
These large molecules are then broke down into smaller units such as:
• Monosaccharides (simple sugars like glucose, fructose and galactose)
• Fatty acids
• Nucleotides (which are sources of chemical energy to ATP and guanosine triphosphate) as well as cofactors to enzymatic reactions)
• Amino acids
How Catabolism and Anabolism Relate to Metabolism
Catabolism and anabolism are the two fundamental metabolic processes in the body that maintain life. Catabolism breaks down organic material to ”produce” energy, and anabolism uses that energy to build critical cellular components like nucleic acids and proteins.
So while catabolism is often viewed as a “bad thing”, it’s actually a pre-requisite for producing the chemical energy the body requires to create new cellular material and tissue, as well as support the repair, growth and maintainance of existing tissue.
When the rate of catabolism outpaces the rate of anabolism (for example, when a person is in an calorie deficit sate), net tissue is lost. When anabolism is greater than catabolism (i.e. a state of energy surplus), net tissue gain results. When catabolism and anabolism are in a relative state of balance, equilibrium results and net tissue levels are maintained constant.
What Controls Catabolism?
Catabolism is controlled via signals sent from hormones in the body. These hormones typically include cortisol (which the body produces when under physical or mental stress), glucagon and adrenaline, as well as cytokines, orexin, hypocretin
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Healthcare Dynamic Modeling Workshop and Training
The workshop’s target audience is simulation modeling specialists, researchers, practitioners and policy makers who want to advance their knowledge in dynamic modeling methods and see some examples of their use. The main field of simulation modeling application discussed at this workshop is healthcare. The program is dedicated to an advanced overview of modern methods in dynamic modeling. It also involves intensive tutorials aimed at developing the modeling skills of participants. The program includes AnyLogic application case studies which comprise examples from different fields, but mostly from the field of healthcare.
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AGM batteries are becoming increasingly common as the OE standard because of cars’ growing electrical demands. Things like start/stop technology may require cars to have a secondary AGM battery in addition to the primary battery. Whether your driving a truck, car, or ATV, Federated Auto Parts has an AGM battery for you. In this video Kevin Byrd from Two Guys Garage gives you the scoop on why AGM batteries are better.
Whether AGM or lead-acid, check out the Arch Auto Parts online shop to find the right battery for your vehicle where you can always count on getting the Right Parts. Right Now.
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Check if all variable have differente contenent
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Hi to all, i have a new request to autoit guru :mellow:
For example i have 6 variable, this variable contains string. Now i have to check if ALL all variables different from each other. It's very annoying to do that with a huge IF THEN, even if the variable are much more tha 6. There is a simple way to do this?
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Drop your variable(s) data into a array and use that array in a scanning loop.
Something* like this should do the trick. (*Process)
$fFailed = False
For $iSearchFor = $iFirst To $iLast-1
For $iCompare = $iSearchFor+1 To $iLast
if $aArray[$iSearchFor] == $aArray[$iCompare] then $fFailed = True
;; '==' is string enforced + case sensitive compare.
Edited by iEvKI3gv9Wrkd41u
"Believing what you know ain't so" ...
Knock Knock ...
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3516
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3559
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Receiving Bitcoin-payments with SegWit support
The company launched the processing of bitcoin-payments with the Support of Segwit technology. The service is fully compatible with API v1, which is so popular with a wide audience.
The peculiarity of the service is that it does not retain the funds of customers, does not store them, and does not dispose of other people’s “coins.” After the first confirmation of the network block, the amount is immediately redirected to the Address of the recipient. was the first to make a payment forward using SegWit technology! As the destination address, you can specify any type of bitcoin address that exists at the moment: standard addresses starting with “1” (P2PKH); Pay-Script Hash addresses with SegWit support (P2SH-P2WPKH), starting with “3”; as well as new SegWit addresses starting with “bc” (P2WPKH).
Transactions with SegWit-signature are added to the blocks with priority, and the network commission in this case is much lower, which ultimately saves the sender of the transaction time and money on sending the payment.
By default for payment, the service generates the address P2SH-P2WPKH with SegWit support. With such addresses, both old and modern bitcoin-wallets can work. The service uses this type of address, since at the moment SegWit only supports about 20% of network members, and wallets that support QR-code recognition and pay for native SegWit-addresses are extremely small.
For convenience, the GET request is used when confirming payment. In this case, there are no conflicts with the security policies of various stores or other access problems (for example, restrictions on POST requests from third-party resources).
And for safety geeks and anonymity, there is a possibility of a callback to the TOR network.
The forwarding service API is open to all users and does not require registration. You do not need to verify your e-mail address, and processing does not have the ability to block accounts, because they simply do not need.
The post Receiving Bitcoin-payments with SegWit support appeared first on 9 to 5 Live.
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BBC draws up online plans for London 2012
The BBC is finalising its plans for how its coverage of the London 2012 Olympics will be structured online.
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How to fix Windows Update error 0x80073712
No Comments on How to fix Windows Update error 0x80073712
When you try installing the updates in your computer, you may encounter some error and the updates may get failed with the error 0x80073712. This error usually occurs when the files that the Windows Updates needs are missing or got damaged in the computer.
This error just does not pop up for any particular update in the computer. If any files related to any update to be installed in the computer are missing, this error usually occurs even if the files got damaged or corrupted as well.
The error 0x80073712 while installing the Windows Updates can be sorted out with some simple resolution steps. In this article, we are providing the step by step procedure to fix the error 0x80073712 and get the updates install fine without any errors further.
Resolution steps to fix Windows Update error 0x80073712:
Quick note: Before making any changes in your computer, I suggest you to create a System Restore point, so that you can restore back your computer to previous working state if something goes wrong.
Step 1: Run Windows update troubleshooter.
Before you perform, troubleshoot make sure, you logged in to Administrator account. If the Windows update troubleshooter does not work. Perform clean boot, reboot the computer and try again.
1. On start menu search for troubleshoot. Click on troubleshoot.
Windows 10 update error 0x80242fff
2. Find Windows update. Click on Run the troubleshooter. Follow on screen instructions.
Windows 10 update error 0x80242fff
Note: You can also download Windows update troubleshooter from Windows Official website here.
Step 2: Reset Windows update components.
To reset Windows Update components, follow the below resolution steps.
1. Navigate the path: C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\Download. (assuming Windows installed in C drive, if not navigate the root path)
2. Select all files inside the SoftwareDistribution and delete them permanently.
3. Next, Empty the Recycle Bin and try to install updated now.
4. Run this batch script, which can help you in fixing various kinds of issues related to Windows Update. This script can be used in all Windows versions. Batch File to Reset Windows Update.
Step 3: Run DISM tool to fix Windows Update error 0x80073712.
The Deployment Image Servicing and Management Tool is a tool that comes built-in with Windows and can be used to service a Windows Image. It often fixes many issues with various aspects of Windows and can therefore help you with this as well. Note that this is a very powerful tool and making a mistake when you are running it can cause issues – so be careful.
Follow the below steps to run the DISM tool in your computer.
1. Press Windows logo, in the search bar, type cmd. Command Prompt option will appear. Right click on it and select the option Run as Administrator.
2. When you’re inside the Command Prompt, type in the following commands, and press Enter on your keyboard after each command, in order to execute it. Make sure you wait for the first command to finish running before you start with the second one.
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Scanhealth
DISM.exe /Online /Cleanup-image /Restorehealth
3. Now, wait for the second command to finish, and close the Command Prompt by either clicking the X in the corner, or by typing in exit and pressing.
Once it is done, reboot your computer and try installing the Windows Updates. Hopefully, the updates will install fine this time without any errors.
Step 4: Refresh or Reset Windows 10.
If the above troubleshooting steps didn’t work, you can try performing the System Refresh or Reset to re-register all Windows files. It will reset your computer settings to Windows default.
1. Refresh Windows 10 without erasing data.
2. Clean reset Windows 10
3. Clean install Windows 10 from USB bootable media.
The above step by step procedure helps you to fix the Windows Update error 0x80073712 and let you to install Windows Updates without any errors. For any further help, leave comments or ask more on Forum.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3605
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Cross Cutting Concepts in a Multilayer Application
In this article you will understand what are the cross cutting concepts and how they are used in an application.
The majority of applications we write must have common functionality that spans across layers and tiers. Some of These functionalities are,
• Authentication
• Authorization
• Caching
• Exception management
• Logging
• Instrumentation
• Validation.
• Email Notifications
Such functionalities are called as crosscutting concerns because it affects the entire application, and should be centralized in one layer in the code. If we centralize the cross cutting code, we can change the behaviour by changing the code in just one location. Cross cutting concerns increases the modularity and brings easy maintenance in the applications.
How to Design Cross Cutting layer
When designing a system we should see the functionalities of the cross cutting codes and how it should behave depending on the layers or whether it is needed to configure it .Sometimes it may require that layers or different tier should use differently to these cross cutting concerns. The dependency injection pattern is the best way when injecting the cross cutting layer code to the layers where we refer these.
Cross-cutting concerns are not the business logic codes these are like utility layer codes which are frequently used in distributed applications and should be separated from business logic.
On a business layer side a base class can have access to a logger factory or logger instance that can be accessed for logging purpose in all derived classes.
1. Public abstract class ProductManagementBLL
2. {
3. Protected ILogger Logger
4. {
5. get;
6. private set;
7. }
8. public ProductManagementBLL()
9. {
10. Logger = NullLogger.Instance;
11. }
12. public ProductManagementBLL(ILogger logger)
13. {
14. Logger = logger;
15. }
16. }
19. public class OrderProcessor: ProductManagementBLL
20. {
21. public void Execute(Order order)
22. {
23. try
24. {
25. // Business logic code for processing executions of orders
26. }
27. catch (InvalidOperationException exception)
28. {
29. Logger.LogError(“exception occurred….. “));
30. }
31. }
32. }
The cross cutting codes are injected to the other layers by different ways of injecting (constructor , getter or setter, method ) or using by dependency injection .We can use IOC to provide a pluggable design, and inject the cross cutting concerns as a aspects into different layers of code .These method is known as interceptions in DI containers.
Hope you got some information about cross cutting concepts .Thank you for reading.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3610
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my care logo
My Care Activator™ is an online program that helps you build skills over time so you can take better care of yourself.
After you answer a few questions, My Care Activator™ will create a set of skills just for you, for example: “Coping With Symptoms” or “Using Your Energy Where It Matters to You.” To support your progress, My Care Activator™ gives you Action Steps—think of them as exercises or tips and tricks for building new behaviors.
Build skills for living with cancer with My Care Activator™.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3621
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keep your smile healthy
Enjoy Your Favourite Foods Again with Bone Grafts in Williams Lake
What is Bone Grafting?
When teeth are missing the underlying bone begins to deteriorate causing bone atrophy or reabsorption. When bone atrophy occurs, it becomes difficult for the mouth to properly accommodate dentures or dental implants because a strong foundation is not there. Patients who have experienced bone reabsorption may need to undergo a bone graft surgical procedure to rebuild the missing bone and promote regrowth.
Bone used in bone grafting can be taken from various locations on the body (Autogenous), or other external sources such as cadaver (Allogenic) or non-living animals such as cows (Xenogeneic). There are non-living bone graft substitutes made from synthetic materials and real bone.
Speak with your dentist about whether bone grafting is good choice for your dental needs.
Copyright Cariboo Dental Clinic 2018 - Legal
Created by
Legal notice
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3670
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Lactokine™ Fluid PF
LaktokineFluid PF CLR
• anti-wrinkle, firming, smoothing
• soothing, calming, anti-stress
• skin lightening
• skin protection
Lactokine™ Fluid PF is a multifunctional agent, suitable for a wide variety of skincare concepts. It effectively soothes and calms skin, accelerating the reduction of skin redness and irritation after external stresses. Additionally, Lactokine™ Fluid PF vitalizes and energizes skin cells and induces the synthesis of collagen, yielding skin smoothing and firming properties, thus making it a potent anti-aging product. In other in vivo studies Lactokine™ Fluid PF was shown to be very effective in skin lightening, reducing the production of melanin.
Lactokine™ Fluid PF contains a network of activated and stabilized signal molecules derived from milk.
Also available as Lactokine™ Fluid PF-H (Halal-certified).
INCI Name:
Milk Protein
2.0 – 5.0%
pH range:
5.8 – 7.0
phenoxyethanol and dehydracetic acid (Na salt)
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3686
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Follower #1
Deep in the desert, underneath sand and sun, a secret military project seeks to disrupt a brewing Second Civil War in the United States by creating the most efficient, combat capable group of soldiers the world has ever seen.
A departure from autonomous drones, these warriors are grown and bred in a laboratory, carefully designed from the genes up-- but results so far have been very unexpected: what happens when these genetically engineered chimeras can't understand a single word?
Contains the first chapter of Follower, along with 6-page bonus story, "The Setup."
Post-Apocalyptic Science Fiction
About Book
Page Count
50 Pages
Digital Release Date
April 15 2015
Age Rating
15+ Only
Sold by
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3688
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Friends, automotive enthusiasts, mechanics, Germanophiles, and Benz fans, we're gathered here today to mourn the passing, and celebrate the life, of one of our good friends; the Mercedes M156 AMG V8. All AMG engines are hand-built by one man or woman, and they're all very special, but there's one that that holds a special place in our hearts.
This 6.2L naturally aspirated V8 first came to us in 2006 in the E 63 AMG, ML 63 AMG, R 63 AMG, S 63 AMG, and CL 63 AMG, and it immediately wowed critics. People fell in love with these cars because the engine gave them such an amazing soul. It revved freely, produced tons of power, had a great torque curve, and sounded like Thor's stones in a blender.
Having won the love of everybody who likes cool things, it then found its way into the CLK 63 AMG and the CLS 63 AMG in 2007, but the best was yet to come. In 2008, AMG dropped the C 63 AMG, complete with an M156.
Where the M156 had been great in other cars, it somehow went berzerk in the C-Class. I absolutely instantly fell in love with this car when I test drove it. I wasn't prepared for how engaging and crazy the ride was going to be and I damn well nearly crashed the thing in the first five minutes. It reminded me of a night with my good friend Cole during college in which we risked death a number of times and walked five miles for some wings. It might be rather stupid, but it's also way much fun to miss out on. The C 63 was a fast car on track, but that's really not the point. The M3 was no doubt faster, but the C 63 was definitely more fun.
By the time the public got its hands behind this sedan, the world felt the same infatuation that I did, and it quickly became AMG's best selling car ever. Good times were had by all.
M156 wasn't done yet, though; it went to college, got a 1%-er's job, put on a Tom Ford suit, and became the M159. The M159 is the brutal heart of the beautiful SLS AMG. My first experience with an SLS was in Stuttgart, Germany on an autocross course. The speed of this beast was far greater than the tight, twisting course I was on, but the charisma of the engine has only increased. No, it wasn't as crazy as the C 63, but it was brilliant. The power was always there when I wanted it, and that sound was better than absolutely anything else.
Earlier this year I got to go play with both the SLS AMG Black Series and the C63 AMG Edition 507. I've already written about the SLS Black, so right here I'll just sum up. The SLS AMG Black Series is the best car I've ever driven, and I'd trade any and all body parts for one. I've never driven anything that even came close, and I've driven some seriously cool cars in the line of work.
My impressions of the Edition 507, on the other hand, have not yet made it to the page. It's quite similar to the "regular" C 63, but it's even sharper, even more powerful, even more happy to burn tires, even more prone to oversteer, and even sexier. On the road it's composed, but still fun, and on the track it's damn fast in good hands. It does indeed need a good driver, as poor inputs will result in nothing but oversteer and smoke. Bad inputs will result in a massive spin out.
It's the kind of car that simultaneously encourages you to do stupid things for the fun of it and to refine your technique so that you can drive the 507 as fast as it's capable of going. This dichotomy means that it's the car you should buy if you have the money. It's brilliant at whatever you want it to do. It's damn near perfect as a sport sedan, which is a shame since it's only going to be sold for one year.
Yes, emissions regulations and the turbocharging epidemic are choking the life out of our beloved M156. The C 63 is the last AMG with the M156, and it, along with the SLS and the M159, is being discontinued after this year. The Edition 507 is this engine's swan song, according to AMG, and anyone sitting on $70,000 should run to the nearest Benz dealer right now.
We've had great times with the M156 and M159, and we hope you have too. This engine has prompted more growth in AMG than anything else. It gave us thrills, gave AMG more life, and gave some of our favorite cars their souls.
We'll miss you, M156.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3698
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The 5 Best Things About Uncuffing Season
Yes, it's a thing.
Ruben Chamarro/Katie Buckleitner
If cuffing season is all about a consistent, no-strings-attached hookup that centers on Netflix and chill, uncuffing season is all about starting fresh. Obviously, people are people and can catch feelings (or just hate the awkwardness of breaking up enough to delay the inevitable), but uncuffing season is secretly great no matter how you feel about your winter cuff.
1. It’s the simplest, clearest way to break up.
You can’t really misinterpret a cultural phenomenon like cuffing season. If the person you’ve slept with from November to March chooses to end your casual relationship right now, with no real reason, then there’s not much left to analyze re:why it's over. It’s summer. They want to hook up with other people. If you both only saw it as a hookup, great, you’re on the same page. If you actually like this person and feel like they might like you too, it'll suck for a little bit, but remember: They are as flaky as an actual snowflake. So probably not the best person to try the whole monogamy thing with if their boner for you goes down as soon as the sun comes up, TBH.
2. You have tons of options.
Now that you don’t have to wear three layers of tops, you might tweak your Tinder radius to 5 miles instead of 2, you’ll feel more inclined to go to bars if there’s sunset-exposed backyard seating, and your beach pics can double as a generous supply of thirst traps. It's a fact; summer will make you feel peak flattered. Enjoy.
3. You don’t have to worry about any holidays.
Universal Pictures
You just have Fourth of July, which is centered on BBQ and cheap beer, and is objectively the best holiday. Weigh that carefree vibe against Halloween (couple's costumes), Thanksgiving (meeting your family), Christmas (meeting their family), New Year’s (dumb midnight kiss), and, the grand finale of “oh fuck, what are we???”: Valentine’s Day. Instead, you have a whole summer to coast, and if you end up actually dating each other, the scary family-meeting won’t happen until, like, four to seven months into dating.
4. Dates are infinitely more interesting.
Buena Vista Pictures
You can road-trip, you can hike, you can day-drink in actual bright, Instagram-perfect daylight. You can enjoy every aspect of a date without dodging sludge puddles or being holed up in your room for two days in a row (blizzard baes are fun for one day tops, let’s be honest.) The best part? You can finally focus on how great making out ~under the stars~ is instead of how hellish thin tights feel on a steel bench in February.
5. Summer sex > winter sex.
Winter sex is work. It’s unlacing snow boots and peeling off skinny jeans and wanting to keep your chunky sweater on because your heat’s not on yet. Summer sex is lifting up your floral print dress, and embracing the glory of afternoon hookups and a nearby AC unit. Nothing is hard, except hopefully him.
Follow Julia on Twitter.
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KOR 60, Fall 2015 - Final Presentation Guidelines
KOR 60, Fall 2015 - Final Presentation Guidelines - KOREAN...
KOREAN 60, Fall 2015, Final Presentation Guidelines In-section presentation guidelines Strictly 10 minutes maximum to present. Come to your enrolled section time. Grading criteria for in-section presentation Organization: logical flow of your presentation. Delivery: speak clearly. Preparation: know your topic well. Timing: finish on time. Final PPT guidelines About 10 PPT slides maximum. You may exceed this limit by two or three slides. Maximum 2-3 images per slide. Maximum 5-6 sentences per slide. Minimum 1000 pixels resolution photos. Font size minimum 20pt. At least 1-2 screenshots of your favorite drama scene. Final PPT file must include internet link to video of key scene(s) in your chosen drama, OST trailers, or drama locations or advertising based on main characters’ roles. Research based on the book and the three articles MUST be integrated into part 7 (Personal Reflections). Grading criteria for PPT Organization of PPT content. Relevance of the images and screenshots to your analysis. Creativity, originality and insightfulness of your analysis. Integration of research bibliography and class readings into Personal Reflections section.
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• Fall '15
• Korean, Theme music, Korean Wave, PPT slides maximum, Final PPT guidelines
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3708
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25 Nov/13 - Trick: Introduce Activity by I/O HBA In OEDB ProgreSQL Type
In this small document we describe the results of the different tests in order to come up with aggregated load parameters by I/O channel (HBA). The idea is to process the I/O parameters by LUN and calculate one value for that interval for the HBA/channel and this via a PGSQL script that extracts/process data and writes the results directly into the ProgreSQL TeamQuest EDB.
Our goal is to decrease the need for large data processing in ITSAR in order to come up with similar values. It will increase your performance in these specific HBA related reports.
Download/consult here: Channel/HBA I/O document.
Back To Tricks-Tools Page
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3724
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Hello everyone,
I'm working on an assignment that requires the use of the Scanner class to read the source code of the .java file and output all lines when executed. I have created a file that works without issues on my machine, but I was wondering if there was a more robust way to reference the file location. Currently, the code has a static file location that is only true for my system, and I would like it to function regardless of the drive or directory. Any references or ideas are appreciated.
//Assignment for Module 3: Assignment3.java
//September 16th, 2012
//Quine -Java program designed to utilize Scanner class to read source code and then display code to user at execution; no input is required of user.
import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
import java.io.FileReader;
import java.util.Scanner;
public class Assignment3 {
Scanner inFile = new Scanner(new FileReader("C:/Users/Danimal/Documents/Fall 2012/EEL4854 IT Data Structures/src/Assignment3.java"));
while (inFile.hasNextLine())
yes there is, place that file with the jar, or in a folder with the jar.
Like FILES in folder. then reference throught
Thats how you can make it dynamic, it will work on all platform.
1. Use a file open dialog and let the user chose the file. (Easy, but requires user involvement)
2. Use System.getProperty("user.home") to get the user's home directory and place the file there (or in a specified sub-directory). There's always a user home dir, even though it may be in completely different places in different operating systems. (Easy, safe, recommended.)
3. Get the directory where the .class file is running from, and place the file there (but the code to get it is a bit tricky).
4. Just use the file name and put the file in the current working directory (but it's one of the great mysteries in Java to know where that dir will be!)
5. Give the file a unique name then do a recursive traversal of all the attached file systems to find that file (the code for that is fun, but could be slow)
Thank you for the input. It was very helpful. I'm still working on modifying the code, will update when complete.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3752
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Plastic End Caps
Some caps are threaded and screw on to the outside of a pipe or tube to cover the end. Other caps are more like a plug that fits snugly into the end of the tube to protect the inside. Plastic end caps are typically manufactured using one of the following processes: plastic dip molding, plastic injection molding, or plastic extrusion.
The plastic dip molding process uses a heated mandrel which is dipped into a pool of liquefied plastic. As the heated mandrel enters the liquid plastic, some of the plastic adheres to the surface of the mandrel. The mandrel is then removed and heated again to allow the plastic to fuse.
Assorted Plastic Caps
Assorted Plastic Caps – Carlisle Plastics Company
The plastic is allowed to cool, and it is removed from the mandrel, leaving the final product. Different material properties can be achieved by altering the mandrel temperature, dip time, and dip speed. With plastic injection molding, a plastic material is heated until it has become a liquid and then injected into a mold. Once the material cools, it can be removed from the mold, and any excess plastic is usually trimmed off before the process is finished.
In the plastic extrusion process, the material is heated and stretched over an object that holds it in place and presses it into the correct shape. Less heat is required when this method is used, and it can be much faster than plastic injection molding if the process is properly optimized.
Other features of plastic end caps can be modified, including their color. During the manufacturing process, different dyes can be added to the plastic to alter its color and to match the products they will be used in. Plumbers often use large plastic end caps to seal off pipe lines or to create an access point for future maintenance. Some caps are created with a beveled edge to create a smoother end on the tube or pipe and make protruding parts less dangerous.
Plastic End Caps Plastic end caps are used to cap off the end of bars and tubes in numerous consumer products and pieces of industrial equipment. They are manufactured in a variety of shapes and sizes to match the piece they are being fitted to; from square to rectangular to circular. Tabs are sometimes added to the caps so that they can easily be pulled off if necessary. One common example of plastic end caps would be the ends of the handlebars on a bicycle. Round plastic caps are made to fit in the bars and cover the ends to keep out dirt and keep the handles covered.
Plastic End Caps Informational Video
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3788
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Amy Drucker
This Is What It's Really Like Getting An IUD
Hi. I'm Jamie LeeLo. And I have an IUD. I got it put in yesterday.
For those of you who might not know what I'm talking about, let me enlighten you. IUD stands for intrauterine device, AKA the most praised form of birth control today.
I first heard about the craze roughly two years ago, when a bunch of my friends suddenly started getting them.
Essentially, a doctor puts a T-shaped device made of copper or plastic into your uterus, and through a series of magical powers, it prevents pregnancies up to 99.99999999 percent of the time.
Sounds pretty awesome.
The other amazing benefits include reduced hormones, birth control for up to seven years and a massive reduction in the number or strength of periods you get a year.
I was in a hurry to get one when President "I Hate Women" was inaugurated and have been looking forward to my appointment ever since I made it.
Going into this, I knew the insertion itself would take about five to 10 minutes, during which I would feel mild pain and discomfort. And after, I would have bleeding and cramping for a few weeks, like a bad period. And that was it.
I sort of thought I might actually just grow a horn out of my forehead and become a real-life unicorn.
But the way everyone sings IUD's praises, I sort of thought I might actually just grow a horn out of my forehead and become a real-life unicorn.
NOW, LET ME START OFF BY SAYING EVERY BODY IS DIFFERENT. My experience getting an IUD is just one example of how it could go down, so nobody panic.
But with that said, that shit HURT.
Here is my exact play-by-play of what it was like getting an IUD.
The day before
Morning: I wake up and go to work excited about the following day. I kindly remind my higher ups that I will be leaving work early tomorrow to get an IUD, and then, I announce loudly to the whole office that I will be leaving work early tomorrow to get an IUD.
"Just in case anyone forgot or was wondering, TOMORROW'S THE DAY!"
Afternoon: I type up a hilarious Facebook post asking if I should a) Facebook Live getting my IUD, b) live-tweet getting my IUD, c) take a selfie with my IUD and post it on Instagram or d) none of the above because vaginas are gross, and we hate them.
At this point, I feel like a million bucks.
Late afternoon: I am ABSOLUTELY ALARMED to find a ton of aggressive, horrific comments from other women sharing their truly terrifying experiences of getting an IUD inserted.
One woman fainted and peed on the table, another barfed and another still had her cervix numbed. I start to panic.
You guys, I'm a fainter — BIG TIME. And if this is something women faint, pee and barf through, you bet your shiny vaginal canal I'm going to do all of the above and then some.
I spend the rest of the afternoon furiously googling IUD insertions, giggling because I giggle when I'm nervous.
That night: I tell my boyfriend he has to come with me. If I'm going to pass out and vomit all over myself and everyone else, I need him to be there to drive me home. He says he will.
The day of
That morning: I wake up nervous. I put on a casual outfit and some fierce, orange lipstick to give me confidence.
I practice breathing on the train to work and text a bunch of my friends the flamenco dancer emoji.
Late morning at work: I'm distracted and slow at my job. I keep refreshing my Facebook post to read more and more horror stories. I start texting my friends jokes about how awesome it is to be a female to take my mind off of it. I seriously consider broadcasting the whole thing on Facebook Live.
That afternoon: I'm BEHIND at work, and I have an hour left to get everything done before I have a foreign object shoved into my uterus. I'm sweaty and constantly glancing at the clock to figure out when is the best time to take a pre-insertion Advil.
3 pm: I leave work to get on the train and text my boyfriend to make sure he is en-route. I'm nervous because I worked through lunch and haven't eaten anything.
3:15 pm: On the train, I wonder if I would ever share a nightmare story about a procedure I had on someone else's Facebook wall BEFORE they get that very same procedure.
I decide I'm mad at everyone.
3:20 pm: I become furious at The Man for putting women in this position and for making me resentful of being a woman because being a woman is so hard.
3:30 pm: I get a panicked text from my boyfriend that I gave him the wrong address and he is still half an hour away. I apologize to him over and over again for taking him away from work, and I realize I will be flying solo for my appointment.
3:40 pm: I buy a $4 blueberry muffin and a water bottle at a bodega and eat the whole thing in four bites.
3:45 pm: I check in. My hands are sweaty. I feel faint already.
The appointment: There are two nurses. One is very friendly, and one will not talk to me.
They tell me to pee in a cup. I do. They tell me to stand on a scale. I do. They tell me to undress from the waist down and they will be right back in. I do.
I decide AFTER I've taken my pants and underwear off that I'd like to keep my shoes on for discretion's sake. Have to keep some mystery, right?
Then, the doctor comes in. I like her a lot because she looks like Michelle Obama, and I FOR SURE trust Michelle Obama with my lady parts. I tell her I faint very easily, and she nods.
"Sip your water," she tells me. "And take off your shoes."
She asks if I have any questions, and boy do I: How much is it going to hurt? How long is it going to hurt? How often is it misplaced and people have to come back?
Her answers were that it varies, it varies and sometimes. Obviously, I'm not super satisfied.
The insertion: What happens next I can only explain as an absolute assault to my senses.
First, she gives my cervix a shot of numbing something or other. She says, "Just a little prick," and I see stars.
Next came about two minutes (or two hours — hard to tell) of intense, deep, dull pain that felt like someone was shoving a truck through a key hole.
I think, "It's happening. It's happening. It's in. This hurts. Ow, ow, ow. But it's in." THEN, the doctor says to me, "OK, now, I'm going to put in the IUD."
Suddenly, my phone starts ringing next to me on the bed. It's my boyfriend, but I can't talk right now.
When the IUD goes in, I become totally disoriented. It DOES HURT, like, a lot. A LOT a lot. It's a totally foreign sensation and not like anything I've ever felt before. The room starts spinning, and I think I see God's face for a second.
I literally shout out, "WWOOOoooOOOeeeee!!!" and the nurse SMILES at me.
The aftermath: My doctor removes what I assume are massive salad tongs from my vagina and tells me she's done.
I feel like I'm going to pass out. I AM going to pass out. I start passing out.
I lie down on my back, and the nurse throws cold, wet pieces of paper towel on my forehead, as my knees shake uncontrollably. I never go unconscious completely, but DAMN, did I want to.
Then, for some reason, I weirdly cry for, like, 30 seconds.
After a few minutes, I try to sit up, and my vision goes black, so the nurse puts me back down. We do this two more times before I can finally get to my feet.
I say, "Women's health is nuts." She says, "You have no idea."
She leaves me alone with a massive, diaper-sized pad to get dressed in. I put my pants on slowly and read a text from my boyfriend. He just parked.
That evening: I limp to the car, which is weird because my legs are fine. My boyfriend and I drive with the windows down, so I can get air. My knees are still shaking.
I spend the evening on the couch, eating ice cream and holding my stomach. Even though I KNOW I can't move it, I'm worried if I pee or sneeze too hard, I'm going to accidentally start shoving the IUD out.
I try to keep my legs shut for no logical reason.
That night: I take a shit ton of Advil and an Ambien to fall asleep. I dream about lightning bolts all night.
Elite Daily
The day after
The early morning: I wake up feeling EXHAUSTED and weaker than I hoped I'd feel. I'm embarrassed and wonder if I'm handling this all poorly or just about as well as anyone would after having a manmade object lodged into their uterus.
My boyfriend tells me he's proud of me for going to work, and I'm pretty proud of myself.
Late morning: I ask my editor if I can write about my IUD insertion and immediately regret that decision, as I start drafting down all the miserable details.
I spend the morning online chatting with my female friends who have an IUD, and I ask them a million more questions. The general consensus is that insertion is a bitch, but the pain is well worth the pay off in the end.
Currently: I feel brave, strong, weak, stupid, sad, in pain, hopeful, optimistic, female, woman and alive.
I can't stress enough how this is just one story for one person in the history of women everywhere, and whatever you decide to do with your body, I'm proud of you, too.
You is smart. You is kind. You is able to survive getting an IUD.
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Could molten silicon be a bright idea for energy storage?
Spinach helps boosts solar efficiency
You would associate spinach with Popeye the Sailor Man but it seems the vegetable can now work wonders for solar energy too. US scientists at Vanderbilt University discovered that combining spinach with silicon, which is the material used in solar cells, produced 2.5 times more electrical current than existing solar cells. They used the photosynthetic […]
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3845
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Fiels with slg extension are used for WellSight program log files.
There are 3 other file types using
the SLG file extension!
empty icon.slg - Chromeleon audit trail data
empty icon.slg - AutoCAD data
empty icon.slg - Safend Protector Encrypted Protected Data or log file
Detailed description
Software that open slg file
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SLG file extension - WellSight oil well log
What is slg file? How to open slg files?
File type specification:
Various data file type icon Various data file type
The slg file extension is associated with WellSight log files.
WellSight Systems, Inc. it is a software company which is producing some software for various geologists and engineers.
The slg extension files include audit trail files which are used by the Chromeleon program.
The default software associated to open slg file:
Chromeleon icon
Chromeleon Microsoft Windows software
Company or developer:
Dionex Corporation
Chromeleon a brand of chromatography software from Dionex Corporation.
Help how to open:
Use Chromeleon software to open files with slg extension.
How to convert:
List of software applications associated to the .slg file extension
and possible program actions that can be done with the file: like open slg file, edit slg file, convert slg file, view slg file, play slg file etc. (if exist software for corresponding action in's database).
Programs that can create slg file - WellSight oil well log
Programs supporting the exension slg on the main platforms Windows, Mac, Linux or mobile. Click on the link to get more information about Chromeleon for create slg file action.
Microsoft Windows:
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SLG file extension > Various data file types
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3861
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Tricolore Chopped Salad
• Level: Easy
• Total: 30 min
• Active: 20 min
• Yield: 6 to 8 servings
Save Recipe
For the Dressing:
2 tablespoons apple cider vinegar
2 tablespoons extra-virgin olive oil
1/4 cup mascarpone cheese, at room temperature
1 teaspoon walnut oil
1/4 teaspoon kosher salt
Pinch of freshly ground black pepper
6 tablespoons crumbled gorgonzola cheese
For the Salad:
1 small head radicchio, thinly shaved (about 2 cups)
3 small heads endive, thinly sliced (about 1 cup)
1/2 bunch Tuscan kale, thinly sliced (about 2 cups)
4 Medjool dates, pitted and chopped
1/2 cup walnuts, toasted and roughly chopped
8 thin slices prosciutto
Shaved gorgonzola cheese, for topping
1. Make the dressing: In a medium bowl, whisk the vinegar, olive oil, mascarpone, walnut oil, salt and pepper. Using a rubber spatula, fold in the crumbled gorgonzola. Let the dressing sit at room temperature for 10 minutes to let the flavors mingle, or refrigerate until ready to use.
2. Make the salad: In a large bowl, combine the radicchio, endive, kale, dates and toasted walnuts. Add the dressing and toss gently until evenly coated. Ribbon the prosciutto on a serving platter and mound the salad on top. Top with shaved gorgonzola.
3. To make shaving the gorgonzola easier, freeze a piece of the cheese for at least 2 hours, then use a vegetable peeler to shave some over the salad.
Tricolore Salad with Oranges
Charred Tricolore Salad
Chopped Salad
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Chopped Salad
Chopped Salad
Chopped Salad
Chopped Vegetable Salad
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Foreword Reviews
A Sorority of Angels
2012 INDIES Finalist
Finalist, Thriller & Suspense (Adult Fiction)
Several determined and concerned women in influential positions at the UN unite to help solve hunger and poverty in their countries. What happens to each in the service and when they return was unplanned. 'Ah, yes! As Lord Byron wrote - Revenge is sweet especially to women.' "Aphrodite spoke and loosened from her bosom the girdle of many colors into which all her allurements were fashioned. In it was love and in it desire and in it persuasion which steals the mind even of the wise." The Iliad
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3877
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Charlotte's Web Oil CBD Capsules (60) Extra Strength
CBD Capsules (Extra Strength) by Charlotte's Web Oil UK
Charlotte's Web Oil CBD Capsules - Extra Strength formula comes in a tub that contains approximately 60 capsules with 35mg of Hemp Extract and approximately 19mg of CBD content per capsule. That is a total of 1140mg in the 60 capsules.
We are a UK store that sells this US product in the UK and Europe.
Why is Charlotte's Web Oil so expensive?
Charlotte's Web CBD Oil is more expensive than other brands because it is imported from the USA, which entails extra marketing and distribution costs like import duty fees.
Also, Charlotte's Web Hemp by the Stanley Brothers was one of the first companies in the world to ever manufacture CBD oil and their fame and reputation make the brand more attractive and more in-demand to consumers around the world than other small and unknown brands without a marketing budget or a strong commercial mission.
If you're looking for an equivalent product at a more affordable price, choose a local CBD oil brand like Love Hemp (25 capsules with a total of 750mg of CBD oil at just £69.99) or Cibdol 10% (60 capsules with a total of 960mg of CBD oil at just £67.45).
Charlotte's Web CBD Capsules by the Stanley Brothers
Charlotte's Web CBD Capsules Extra Strength is the advanced formula available in their range of capsules to support general well being and allow you to experience the benefits of cannabidiol (CBD Oil). We encourage you to conduct your own research on CBD Oil and of the Stanley Brothers hemp strain: Charlotte's Web (see More for videos).
CBD Oil is a safe and legal food supplement that regulates the human endocannabinoid system without the psychoactive, addictive effects of THC. This formula is THC free guaranteed.
The Stanley Brothers produce Charlotte's Web Oil from hemp crops grown in Colorado, USA and manufactured by Natural Colorado Wellness™.
Charlotte's Web Oil is organic, following high-quality standards
Packed with organic ingredients and following high-quality production standards. Charlotte's Web Oil guarantees:
• grown and manufactured in FDA registered USA production facilities
• made with certified organic ingredients (see labels) and natural flavours
• whole-plant CBD Oil extract for everyday body-mind wellness
• increased cannabidiol (CBD Oil) absorption
Whoopi Goldberg on Charlotte's Web Oil
Short Documentary on Charlotte's Web - The Charlotte Figi Story (excerpt of 60 Minutes, Australia)
TED Talk by Josh Stanley from The Stanley Brothers
CW Botanics - Charlotte's Web CBD Oil Capsules - Extra Strength
CBD Oil content in the Charlotte's Web Extra Strength CBD Oil Capsules:
each capsule contains 15 mg Hemp Extract = approx. 8.5 mg of CBD
the tub contains 60 capsules with a total of 510mg of CBD content
See labels (images) for the ingredients list.
Suggested Dosage:
Adults: 2 capsules per day (17mg of CBD oil)
Increase the dose after a week, if needed.
THC free
Keep in a cool dry environment away from direct sunlight.
Do not take if pregnant or lactating.
Compare and add other exclusive CBD products to your basket:
charlotte's web oil uk
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Customer Reviews
Based on 1 review Write a review
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3879
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LACONIA — Laconia police responded to the following activity during the 24-hour period ending at 4 p.m. Wednesday. There were no arrests.
— There were two disturbance calls.
— There was one civil standby request.
— There were nine motor vehicle stops.
— There were seven extra patrol requests.
— There were two complaints of a harassing or obscene phone call.
— There was one juvenile complaint.
— There were three suspicious person complaints.
— There was one abandoned auto found in the parking lot of the Village at Winnipesaukee.
— There was one motor vehicle complaint.
— There were three animal complaints.
— There were four accidents reported.
— There was one theft complaint.
— There was one harassment complaint.
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Article Image
News Link • Space Travel and Exploration
Setting Sail Into Space, Propelled by Sunshine
• NY Times
LightSail-1, as it is dubbed, will not make it to Neverland. At best the device will sail a few hours and gain a few miles in altitude. But those hours will mark a milestone for a dream that is almost as old as the rocket age itself, and as romantic: to navigate the cosmos on winds of starlight the way sailors for thousands of years have navigated the ocean on the winds of the Earth.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3892
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Write some articles for a book-related website
Hey there! I own a website called Books for What ([url removed, login to view]), and I'm looking for an occasional guest writer who's able to create articles that are fun and easy to read. The topic is regarding books, in general, so you're practically free to choose your own subjects as long as the pieces are about 500-words long. I have some suggestions for the topics, and they're like this: (replace the X with the number of your choice)
- X ways of keeping up with your reading challenge
- Books for learning the basics of proper nutrition
- X Books about online marketing
- X Books for kids who don't like reading
- X Books to spike your creativity
- X apps for reading
- X celebrities who love reading and some of their favorite books
- X reasons to love graphic novels
- X Books about traveling/How to travel to exotic places thanks to books
Once again, I have to add that the articles have to be short and sweet so that I'm able to promote them and boost my website traffic. I'll be looking for the photos all by myself, so you don't have to do anything other than writing the content. Needless to say, the content will be my property once I've paid you. If you want, you can publish the articles under your name, so that you're able to add them to your portfolio. If you ever rewrite a piece from another website, be sure to provide the source and use hyperlinks to do so. Also, if you have a personal website, I can give you a backlink on your name.
I'm looking for a reasonable cost, which is why I'll be accepting proposals ranging from $10 to $15 for ten articles. I need a person who has a firm grasp of the English language, in spite of the fact that I'll be doing the proofreading. Native English writers are preferred, but you could be from any country in the world as long as your writing abilities are more than satisfactory. If you're a beginning freelancer and you're looking to get a favorable rating on your profile, this project must be for you.
Good luck bidding and looking forward to working with you!
ทักษะ: Article Writing, การเขียนเนื้อหา
ดูเพิ่มเติม : www freelancer apps com, writing your own book online free, writing your own book, writing topics for kids, writing proofreading online, writing online for kids, writing my book online, writing for kids online, writing for kids free, writing for kids, writing book online, writing book for kids, writing articles online and get paid, writing a personal profile, write your own book online free, write your own book for kids, write your own book, write your name online, write what i say, write travel articles get paid
( 2 บทวิจารณ์ ) Iasi, Romania
หมายเลขโปรเจค: #10935067
Hi, I'm the creator and owner of the online writing platform [login to view URL] I think booksforwhat looks really nice and I'd love to do some kind of collaboration with you (like guest blogging). If you need any pr เพิ่มเติม
$10 USD ใน 2 วัน
(0 บทวิจารณ์)
freelancer 8 คน กำลังเสนอราคาเฉลี่ยที่ $16 สำหรับงานนี้
$12 USD ใน 1 วัน
(33 บทวิจารณ์)
Hey ( PM me for details and samples) I am Ghostwriter, Article writer and content creator, I can take care of SEO optimization. I work with personal motivation to provide plagiarism free and quality content! I'm glad เพิ่มเติม
$25 USD ใน 1 วัน
(22 บทวิจารณ์)
$20 USD ใน 1 วัน
(28 บทวิจารณ์)
Hello! I've got a great experience in English articles/ebooks writing, so that we can cooperate together! Please, provide me with more details of your task! I'm sure, i'm the writer, you are searching for. Thanks!
$12 USD ใน 1 วัน
(6 บทวิจารณ์)
$15 USD ใน 1 วัน
(4 บทวิจารณ์)
Hi, You've received many applications already so I'll keep mine brief. I'm Ed, a professional journalist from Melbourne, Australia (who keeps EU/US hours for client work). Alongside having written widely in my career เพิ่มเติม
$20 USD ใน 1 วัน
(1 บทวิจารณ์)
Hi sir, I am an aspiring young creative writer looking for new challenges and roads to better self empowerment. Quality works at affordable rates is my motto. This would be my first project as a freelancer but rest ass เพิ่มเติม
$15 USD ใน 1 วัน
(0 บทวิจารณ์)
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3900
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Vertigo 2
aec.ccof32.1 3/21/06 New
$14.43 $16.98
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ID: aec.ccof32.1
Vertigo 2 City Centre Offices
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Review Text After an onslaught of releases during the first half of the 2000s, keeping the notion of glitch music fresh and engaging is quite the challenge, as the sound palette has been all but exhausted and spent beyond its capacity to remain a central piece of a composition. And while Dictaphone don't exactly make glitches the forefront of Vertigo II, they use the textures to complement the field recordings and instrumentation in the forefront throughout. A blend of horns, woodwinds, and thundering basslines is the focal point throughout the record's 12 tracks, and the balance between the stark use of the organic and digital is uncomfortable yet pleasant. Vertigo II is the soundtrack to a haunting black-and-white movie that has yet to be made. ~ Rob Theakston
Track Listing
Record: 1
1. 1. Rising Minimal
2. 2. Night Rain
3. 3. K1
4. 4. K2
5. 5. Jarszewko
6. 6. Last Song
7. 7. Ytinav
8. 8. Vertigo II
9. 9. Frame
10. 10. Dictaphone
11. 11. Le Chasseur (Danke)
12. 12. Pol/Bruxelles
Product Details
Release Date
Customer Reviews
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3914
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War for the Planet of the Apes tells its story very well, but all of that might be for nothing if the effects that created the apes weren't perfect. But it's not just the ape fur and faces that are missing from reality. Most of the locations don't really exist. At least, not in the way they look on screen.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3917
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Spicy Beef Nachos
Print Recipe
The PERFECT dish for every party!
1. In large skillet, heat oil over medium-high heat until hot but not smoking. Add beef and cook 3 to 4 minutes, turning once. Add onion and cook 5 minutes, stirring onion occasionally. Transfer beef and onion to 3 ½ to 4 quart slow cooker. Stir in garl
2. Transfer beef to cutting board. Cut beef into bite-size pieces. Return beef to slow cooker, stirring to combine ingredients. Spoon beef mixture over chips. Sprinkle cheese and desired toppings over beef.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3923
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The Loneliest Whale in the World
by Nicola Twilley
February 24, 2011
On a 2011 episode of their always-enjoyable Dinner Party Download podcast, American Public Media's Rico Gagliano and Brendan Newnam featured the story of "a lonely whale with vocal problems whose love song supposedly chases lady whales away."
According to a 2004 New York Times article on the subject, this particular baleen whale has apparently been tracked by NOAA since 1992, using a "classified array of hydrophones employed by the Navy to monitor enemy submarines." It sings at 52 Hertz, which is roughly the same frequency as the lowest note on a tuba, and much higher than its fellow whales, whose calls fall in the 15 to 25 Hertz range.
To make matters worse, the high-pitched whale "does not follow the known migration route of any extant baleen whale species." The result, according to Dr. Kate Stafford, a researcher at the National Marine Mammal Laboratory in Seattle, is that the lonely whale keeps "saying 'Hey, I'm out here,'" but "nobody is phoning home."
The cryptozoologist Oll Lewis speculates that the lonely whale might be "a deformed hybrid between two different species of whale," or even "the last surviving member of an unknown species." Gagliano points out that the whale's plight, though poignant, has a silver lining for scientists:
Because this one whale’s song is totally different than any other whale’s, it’s easy to track it and hear how its voice changes over time. So now we know, for instance, that a whale’s voice gets deeper as it ages.
You can hear the 52 Hertz whale's song for yourself, here, and learn more about its lonely life over at the Dinner Party Download site. Just imagine that massive mammal, floating alone and singing—too big to connect with most of the beings it passes, feeling paradoxically small in the vast stretches of empty, open ocean.
Photo by Patricia Talmage
Recently on GOOD
The Loneliest Whale in the World
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HMRC internal manual
Securities Guidance
Security as a condition of releasing a VAT credit: when we may require security
Where a person
• makes a VAT claim valued at £500,000* or more that we need time to verify
• makes a claim that we have reason to believe may not be valid or may be inaccurate
we can offer to make payment prior to carrying out a full verification of the claim on condition that security is provided.
A letter of offer should be issued, see SG29700.
*In MTIC cases, the claim may be for any amount.
If a registered person is due a VAT credit and has received, or is about to receive, a Notification Letter under section 77A of the VAT Act 1994 (notice of potential joint and several liability for VAT unpaid on the supply of specified goods), we may require security before making payment.
A Notice of Requirement to give security under paragraph 4(1A) of Schedule 11 to the Value Added Tax Act 1994 should be issued, see SG29800.
For more information on joint and several liability see Notice 726 Joint and several liability for unpaid VAT.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3938
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3PK Occasional Tables
3PK Occasional Tables
Less is more with the Exeter coffee table set. The glass tops enhance the open and airy feeling you're going for while the metal tubular frames in a rustic two-tone finish inject a highly contemporary vibe. Includes coffee table and two matching sideaccent tables.
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/3979
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On-Page SEO
15 Keyword Ranking Factors That Can Remove Your Site From The SERPs, Part 1 of 3
Keyword densities can send a very strong negative signal about your site. If you are keyword stuffing, you’ll find it difficult to rank pages in general. Only with a high number of other positive signals can you get keyword stuffed pages high in the SERPs. SEO is about removing all the negative ranking signals you can. With as easy as it is to simply modify your keyword use, it pays to adjust them so you’re not stuffing.
I’ve recommended various keyword densities over the years. I began noticing how keyword density gets you the “keyword stuffing penalty” since at least 2009. Over the years, my suggested density ranges have become more conservative, as various Google updates seemed to make keyword stuffing penalties easier to get. This was especially true when Google started counting your inbound link anchors to count against your on-page keyword usage, where the combination of both being too high for your exact keyword made it easier to get filtered.
This all sounds simple enough, just “don’t stuff keywords”. However, the template will often inject keywords into your pages, and many other factors that can make your density creep up by surprise. Following are the top 15 ranking factors in regards to keyword density.
1. Keyword Density Ranges
Keyword-Density-FormulaI recommend the following ranges for keyword density: A one-word keyword should be around .8% to 1.1% density. A two-word keyword should be .7% to 1% density. A three-word keyword should be .5 to .7% density. This makes the general assumption that your main keyword will be used in your body, and your H1 tag, at the above listed densities, when considering the entire page. There are more subtle distinctions that will be explained further below, such as whether keywords are in italics, bolded or in links.
Understanding keyword density will help you troubleshoot problems with your rankings. Stuffing keywords is potentially the highest negative factor surrounding your site. If you notice that your pages aren’t even ranking in the top 1000, there are several negative signals your site may have that could prevent it from ranking — however, a bulk of the time that negative signal is your keyword density.
1. Keyword Density in Title
keywords placements in on page seoThere’s a huge difference between a long title and a short title. Not only is the title the most optimizing part of your page to begin with, on WordPress and many other CMS, the title becomes the method that your site links to your page, with the title becoming the anchor of internal links. A long title, that dilutes your keyword in the title with other words, thereby dilutes the powerful optimization that the title tag has. It also makes it so every page on your site isn’t linking to your article with 100% match exact anchor text.
Consider for a moment the keyword “Lose Weight Fast”. If that is the title of your page, then your keyword is 100% exact match inside your anchor. This is highly over-optimizing, similar to how using the same keyword would be over-optimizing if used with 10% density in the body of your content. The final nail in your page’s coffin is when your template, on a 50+ page website, begins linking to that page — using the 100% exact match keyword. While Google is more forgiving of internal links than external, internal links can still contribute to over-optimization when they are 100% exact-match a majority of the time to a page.
Likewise, if you were to dilute that keyword like so: “Want to Lose Weight Fast? See Our Top 10 Recommendations!” Whereas before it was 100% exact, now your title is 27% exact (3 words that are keywords, divided by 11 words total). Your title is no longer 100% exact, which reduces the extreme over-optimization for that 3 word term. Furthermore, every link that page receives from your site’s template is only 27% exact, as opposed to 100%. As I mentioned, Google is much more forgiving of exact anchors on your own website, but 100% is far too much. 27% is a healthy range to keep your keywords within link anchors from your site.
1. Keywords in Body
keyword density impact on serpsAbove, I already mentioned keyword densities for the body. However, I wanted to emphasize the point that the body of your content is the best place you could possibly be using your keywords. If they are found in the body of your content, Google can discover the contextual relations between your keyword and your content. It is your content that Google wants to show your visitors, not your template filled with random keywords.
I liken it to health food (in content keyword use), vs junk food (keywords used in your template, that are not being used in context). For a healthy site, a bulk of your keyword use will be found in the body of your text. Your template should include a minimum amount of keyword injection, the smallest amount you can reasonably do (with the understanding that keywords do need to be used in your menu and various areas where you show links to other pages).
1. Keywords in H-Tags
H-TagsThere are exceptions to the one-word .8% to 1.1%, two-word .7% to 1%, three-word .5% to .7%. There are a variety of ways that you can use words which places an emphasis on them. Take, for instance, H-Tags. You can use plenty of H-Tags, such as H2, H3, H4, etc. The problem isn’t with H-Tags, the problem is stuffing the H-Tags. I consider using a keyword in an H-tag to be using it 3x normal use. In other words, if you stick a keyword in an H-Tag, that is the equivalent of using the same keyword in the body of your content three times.
A page that uses six H-Tags, and uses your main keyword in every single one of them, is almost guaranteed to receive an over-optimization filtering penalty from Google. If you’re a fan of using H-Tags, keep in mind to make them wordy and to use fewer keywords in them. This keeps the overall density of your keywords in H-Tags lower, and lowers your actual use so that your pages remain in the rank-zone.
1. Keywords in Italics, Bold and Hyperlinks
keywords text formatsThere are other types of emphasis that can also push your desired terms over the edge. These are mainly found in the form of italics, bolding and hyperlinks. I put a factor on these of x2. Using a keyword in italics, bold or as an anchor link, is the equivalent of using the term twice on your page. Therefore, every one time you do a one of these three to a keyword, you’re forgoing two uses of that keyword in regular context, inside your content. This also can be resolved by using more words in italics, bold and links, in order to dilute your use.
The way I handle things such as italics and bold is to use them liberally, all over the article. Bolding is used to make a point, not necessarily to highlight your desired keyword. That way, when you end up bolding your desired keyword, your overall use of bolding has been so high that your keyword is a low percentage of the total words you have bolded. The same can be said of italics and linking. With linking, you must also keep in mind that your in-content links may also over-optimize the page you’re linking to. As a best practice, keep your exact match keywords in anchors to a minimum, and dilute the keywords in your anchors when you actually do use them, so that it remains a lower percentage of you overall anchor text density.
You’ve just read the first five keyword-related issues that may prevent your page from ranking. Continue through to the next page, where we discuss even more things you must be aware of when it comes to using your desired keywords on your pages.
On-Page SEO
Google RankBrain – How to Optimize for This Algorithm
On-Page SEO
My On-Page Suggestions are Wrong?
On-Page SEO
How to Manage On-Page SEO
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Nick Jonas
About Nick Jonas
Nicholas Jerry "Nick" Jonas (born September 16, 1992) is an American singer-songwriter and actor best known as one of the Jonas Brothers, a pop-rock band he formed with his brothers Joe and Kevin. As of May 2009, before the release of Lines, Vines and Trying Times, Nick and his brothers have sold over eight million albums worldwide. He also formed the band Nick Jonas & The Administration, which released its first album "Who I Am", on February 2, 2010 in the U.S. Nick Jonas was born in Dallas, Texas, the son of Denise, a former sign language teacher and singer, and Paul Kevin Jonas Sr., a songwriter, musician, and former ordained minister at a Pentecostal Assemblies of God church. He was raised in Wyckoff, New Jersey and home schooled by his mother. Jonas's career started when he was discovered at the age of 6 in a barber shop while his mother was getting her hair cut and was referred to as a professional show business manager. At the age of 7, he began performing on Broadway. He had acted in several plays, including A Christmas Carol (in 2000 as Tiny Tim and Scrooge at eight), Annie Get Your Gun (in 2001 as Little Jake), Beauty and the Beast (in 2002 as Chip), and Les Misérables (in 2003 as Gavroche). After Les Misérables closed, he performed in The Sound of Music (as Kurt) at the Paper Mill Playhouse. From 2005 until now, Nick has acted as one-third of the Jonas Brothers. However, in an October 27, 2009 Myspace blog, Nick and the rest of his brothers confirmed and announced, after much speculation, the solo project of Nick's, called Nick Jonas & The Administration (the "Administration" is composed of the former members of The New Power Generation). The brothers state that the group is not parting ways, only that each of them wanted to do something "that was on [their] hearts." The brothers add that they are already planning another world tour as the Jonas Brothers this summer (2010). Nick performed 22 dates with the Administration, from January 2, 2010 to January 30, 2010. "Who I Am" debuted at No. 3 with 82,000 on the Billboard 200.
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Bullseye Explained: Who Is Daredevil Season 3's Agent Dex Poindexter in the Netflix Show?
This villain rarely misses the mark.
When it comes to great Daredevil villains, the only character who can give Kingpin a run for his money is Bullseye. This deadly assassin has been a thorn in Matt Murdock's side for years. And now Netflix has revealed that he'll be making his MCU debut in Daredevil Season 3.
To help get you up to speed, here's everything you need to know about this feared killer who almost never misses his target.
Exit Theatre Mode
Watch the video above to learn why Bullseye is dressed like Daredevil in the new season.
Bullseye Explained: The Basics
The Marvel Universe is full of deadly costumed assassins, but Bullseye is the man you turn to when you absolutely need the job done right. As one of the best marksmen alive, Bullseye almost never misses his target, and no job is too difficult, dangerous or downright evil for this amoral killer.
The only hero who's consistently confounded Bullseye over the years is Daredevil. The two have built up one of the most heated rivalries in the Marvel Universe. But no matter how many loves ones and innocent bystanders Bullseye claims, he can never seem to defeat the Man Without Fear.
Bullseye's Powers and Abilities
Bullseye technically has no superhuman powers, though his aim is so incredible it may as well be superhuman. Bullseye can turn just about any object into a deadly projectile, be it a knife, a bullet, a paperclip or even a tooth. He can hit his targets with pinpoint accuracy from almost any distance or angle. Only heroes like Daredevil or Spider-Man, who can sense these attacks coming, stand a chance of surviving a run-in with Bullseye.
Bullseye also had his spine reinforced with pieces of adamantium after nearly dying in a fall. The same metal that coats Wolverine's bones, this adamantium makes Bullseye resistant to injury and capable of bending and contorting his body in ways that most people would find extremely uncomfortable.
Bullseye: Origin and Background
Bullseye was created by writer Marv Wolfman and artist John Romita, Sr. and first debuted in 1969's Nick Fury: Agent of SHIELD #15, where he was hired by Hydra to assassinate Nick Fury. Obviously, that didn't work out. Bullseye would resurface several years later as a villain in Daredevil, a book where he found his true supervillain calling.
It wasn't long before a bitter rivalry formed between the two characters and Bullseye became obsessed with proving himself Daredevil's better. In more ways than one, Bullseye became the Joker to Daredevil's Batman. Like Joker, Bullseye has a past shrouded in mystery and half-truths. Some people say he's an ex-baseball pitcher who grew so bored after throwing a perfect game that he killed the batter. Others say he grew up in a broken home and used his marksman talent to fake his father's suicide. Also like Joker, Bullseye has developed a habit of surviving near-death experiences and always returning to make Matt Murdock's life miserable.
His defining supervillain moment came in Daredevil #181, where he murdered Elektra in a failed attempt to impress Kingpin. Daredevil repaid Bullseye by dropping him from a telephone wire and leaving him paralyzed.
Unfortunately, that wasn't the end of this deadly villain. Bullseye was later recruited by Lord Dark Wind, the man responsible for creating the adamantium bonding process. He would continuously resurface in the Daredevil comic, eventually claiming the life of another one of Matt Murdock's girlfriends when he murdered Karen Page in a story called "Guardian Devil."
In recent years, Bullseye has shifted from fighting characters like Daredevil and Punisher to taking a more active role in the Marvel Universe. He even joined Norman Osborn's Dark Avengers, a team of villains masquerading as heroes, and stole the mantle of Hawkeye.
Bullseye finally pushed Daredevil too far in Shadowland, a story which dealt with Matt Murdock falling to the dark side and becoming leader of the Hand. Daredevil finally killed his nemesis and attempted to resurrect him as a servant of the Hand. Daredevil's allies prevented that resurrection, fortunately.
As he so often does, Bullseye managed to cheat death yet again and has now gone back to being one of the most feared and reliable assassins in the Marvel Universe.
Bullseye: Beyond the Comics
Despite being one of the more popular villains in the Marvel Universe, Bullseye hasn't had a great deal of exposure outside the comics. That's probably because his penchant for murder makes him a difficult sell on Marvel's more family-friendly animated series. Bullseye's biggest non-comics role came in the 2003 Daredevil movie, where he was played by Colin Farrell.
Exit Theatre Mode
Watch a clip from Bullseye's first live-action appearance above.
Bullseye has also appeared in a number of Marvel video games. He was a major boss character in the 2005 Punisher video game (voiced by Stephen Blum), and he's also appeared in games like Marvel: Ultimate Alliance 2, Marvel Future Fight and the LEGO Marvel Super Heroes series.
Now Bullseye makes his MCU debut in the third season of Netflix's Daredevil series. Actor Wilson Bethel plays an FBI agent named Poindexter who takes on the identity of Daredevil himself, apparently in an effort to discredit the hero.
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Counter-Strike: Global Offensive Wiki Guide
The knife is the only melee weapon in the Counter-Strike series. It is available to all players by default and cannot be dropped.
For every player, the knife is a melee weapon in the 3rd weapon slot. When held, players are able to run at the fastest speed possible, which is measured at 250 units/second. When equipped with any weapon other than the knife, Pistol, Submachine gun and Scout, you run at a speed slower than 250 units/second, depending on the weapon.
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Illumio Blog
November 3, 2016
The Morris Worm: A secret bot, a design flaw, and the crippling of the Internet
You can picture it in your mind. It’s 1988. Graduate student Robert Tappan Morris is sitting on the MIT campus, designing an undetectable bot in a late-night coding marathon. There was no malice behind his actions. Instead his intention was to exploit vulnerabilities in network security by creating a program that would copy itself and spread.
Morris Worm
Yet due to a design flaw, and perhaps a premature release, far more copies of the program were created, over-taxing computer systems and causing processing to buckle under the strain of unnecessary processing. While not the first reported computer virus, this unfortunate error would come to be known as the “Morris Worm.”
This first widely known Internet malware had a lot in common with the recent DNS DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack, which also used botnets to infect a lot of machines, and then—when given a command—attacked a common target.
Morris used exploits in Unix to spread the code from machine to machine. There’s some speculation he wanted to create a botnet, but he was just testing at a smaller scale. Unfortunately his creation had a mistake and escaped from his control. (If two worms met each other on the same machine, one would turn itself off; but one in seven times it would make itself immortal instead.) There were enough worms meeting each other (the Internet had only around 100,000 computers at the time) that the immortal worms made infected systems slow to a crawl.
By the following morning, the Internet had been taken down to its knees. Ultimately this action led to the trial and conviction of Morris under the newly implemented Computer Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986. The conviction was appealed but subsequently upheld. Morris was sentenced to three years of probation, 400 hours of community service, a fine of $10,050, and the costs of his supervision.
So while the act of launching this worm (the name shortened from tapeworm due to its parasitic tendencies) resulted in legal action against Morris, it also acted as an impetus for vendors and system administrators to fix their systems. One of the biggest outcomes was the creation, only weeks later, of CERT (Computer Emergency Response Team), an organization that has proved extremely influential in the management of cybersecurity.
Although convicted of a felony, Robert later became a professor of computer science at MIT and one of the co-founders of Y Combinator, Silicon Valley’s pre-eminent startup incubator program.
Topics: Adaptive Security, Illumio News
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If you spent any time poking around online this morning, you probably have already seen the jaw-dropping video of a couple of guys in jetpacks flying with a jet 4,000 feet over Dubai (If not, check it out below). It's amazing stuff from the daredevil duo of Yves Rossy and Vince Reffet (and not at all a bad marketing move from Emirates), but if you're like me, it also raised one important question -- where'd they get those gizmos, and can I get one too?
Turns out jetpacks -- that long promised but long delayed emblem of futuristic technology -- may not be the sole province of sci-fi and little kids' fantasies for long. As we reported here on Inc.com a few years back, Kiwi inventor and entrepreneur Glenn Martin has been tinkering with his design for a personal jetpack in his garage for more than 30 years, using his wife as a test pilot. How have things been coming along since that article?
On sale soon...
Pretty well, it seems. Martin's company had a successful IPO in February of this year. "Martin Aircraft, was valued at more than $100 million when it listed on the Australian Securities Exchange, after securing a cornerstone investment worth up to $50 million from Chinese aerospace group Kuang-Chi Science," The Sydney Morning Herald reported at the time.
Then, in June, Martin Aircraft announced that it will begin selling its jetpacks next year at a cost of around $150,000. The latest version was on display at the Paris Airshow. It can fly for more than 30 minutes at up to 45 miles per hour and at altitudes of up to 3,000 feet or so. The company's CEO claims their first target market isn't thrill seekers but first responders for use in search and rescue applications, the Daily Mail reports. (There are plenty more technical details in the article if you're curious.)
So now we finally have a reply to that endlessly reoccurring question, 'Where's my jetpack?' Answer: it's in development in New Zealand and it'll run you a pretty penny (firefighters please move to the front of the line).
Cue the haters
Of course, not everyone is sold on the charms of the personal jetpack. Astro Teller, chief of Google's innovation laboratory, Google X, shot down the idea of the company working on jetpacks at TechCrunch Disrupt. "We could have a concept that, wouldn't it be great to have a jetpack that isn't also a death trap?," he mused, before continuing, "we work on it, we work on it, and nope... The real problem is that it's so power-inefficient it would get about a quarter of a mile per gallon. And it would be as loud as a motorcycle, and we thought, for now, that's a show-stopper."
While in the UK's Guardian newspaper Dean Burnett has also thrown cold water on the idea for similarly practical reasons. "You think it's easy to make a jetpack? After all, we've invented jets, we've invented backpacks, what's the problem? It should be straightforward... Sadly, it's nowhere near that simple," he writes in the entertainingly crotchety article.
"The classic image of a jetpack is the one in the Rocketeer. It conjures the image of someone rising into the air with pillars of fire strapped to their back, as with genuine rockets. To answer what's wrong with that, imagine a powerful blowtorch focused on your legs for a prolonged period. People complain about getting a sore nether region from bicycle seats, so it's unlikely anyone would put up with liquefying their skin in the name of convenient transport," it concludes.
Still despite the low fuel economy and possible skin-liquefying side effects of jetpack travel, the internet's frenzied reaction to the Dubai stunt indicates that mere practicalities aren't going to keep up from dreaming of personalized flight anytime soon. Maybe Martin is just crazy enough to benefit from our collective madness.
Published on: Nov 6, 2015
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Jehovah’s Witnesses
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Genesis 4:1-26
4 And the man knew Eve his wife; and she conceived, and bare Cain, and said, I have gotten a man with the help of Jehovah. 2 And again she bare his brother Abel. And Abel was a keeper of sheep, but Cain was a tiller of the ground. 3 And in process of time it came to pass, that Cain brought of the fruit of the ground an offering unto Jehovah. 4 And Abel, he also brought of the firstlings of his flock and of the fat thereof. And Jehovah had respect unto Abel and to his offering: 5 but unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell. 6 And Jehovah said unto Cain, Why art thou wroth? and why is thy countenance fallen? 7 If thou doest well, shall it not be lifted up? and if thou doest not well, sin coucheth at the door: and unto thee shall be its desire, but do thou rule over it. 8 And Cain told Abel his brother. And it came to pass, when they were in the field, that Cain rose up against Abel his brother, and slew him. 9 And Jehovah said unto Cain, Where is Abel thy brother? And he said, I know not: am I my brother’s keeper? 10 And he said, What hast thou done? the voice of thy brother’s blood crieth unto me from the ground. 11 And now cursed art thou from the ground, which hath opened its mouth to receive thy brother’s blood from thy hand; 12 when thou tillest the ground, it shall not henceforth yield unto thee its strength; a fugitive and a wanderer shalt thou be in the earth. 13 And Cain said unto Jehovah, My punishment is greater than I can bear. 14 Behold, thou hast driven me out this day from the face of the ground; and from thy face shall I be hid; and I shall be a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth; and it will come to pass, that whosoever findeth me will slay me. 15 And Jehovah said unto him, Therefore whosoever slayeth Cain, vengeance shall be taken on him sevenfold. And Jehovah appointed a sign for Cain, lest any finding him should smite him. 16 And Cain went out from the presence of Jehovah, and dwelt in the land of Nod, on the east of Eden. 17 And Cain knew his wife; and she conceived, and bare Enoch: and he builded a city, and called the name of the city, after the name of his son, Enoch. 18 And unto Enoch was born Irad: and Irad begat Mehujael: and Mehujael begat Methushael; and Methushael begat Lamech. 19 And Lamech took unto him two wives: the name of the one was Adah, and the name of the other Zillah. 20 And Adah bare Jabal: he was the father of such as dwell in tents and have cattle. 21 And his brother’s name was Jubal: he was the father of all such as handle the harp and pipe. 22 And Zillah, she also bare Tubal-cain, the forger of every cutting instrument of brass and iron: and the sister of Tubal-cain was Naamah. 23 And Lamech said unto his wives: Adah and Zillah, hear my voice; Ye wives of Lamech, hearken unto my speech: For I have slain a man for wounding me, And a young man for bruising me: 24 If Cain shall be avenged sevenfold, Truly Lamech seventy and sevenfold. 25 And Adam knew his wife again; and she bare a son, and called his name Seth. For, said she, God hath appointed me another seed instead of Abel; for Cain slew him. 26 And to Seth, to him also there was born a son; and he called his name Enosh. Then began men to call upon the name of Jehovah.
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Laboratory Products
• Next-Generation Robotic Solution for Endotoxin Detection
Next-Generation Robotic Solution for Endotoxin Detection
Sep 20 2018 Read 403 Times
Lonza’s PyroTec™ Pro Robotic Solution for endotoxin testing features include: WinKQCL™ Software can generate robotic scripts and adapt to changing sample dilution requirements; a ‘walk-away’ solution as the WinKQCL™ Software can control the procedure from start to finish; saving time and reducing risk as the WinKQCL™ Software can import sample test worklists from a sample management system and export the results back out to the same system, preventing transcription errors and saving time over manually entering data.
As an add-on to Lonza’s industry-leading WinKQCL™ Endotoxin Detection Software, the automation module in version 6.0 simplifies the process of setting up an automated endotoxin testing run and requires minimal human intervention while enhancing assay performance. The simplicity of the WinKQCL™ Endotoxin Automation Software Module means that no programming or robotic scripting knowledge is required. Results are automatically read and saved, and can be easily transferred into and out of LIMS, CAPA, MODA or other database systems.
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What is it all about
After a (too) long break, I am back with this new post using a scene from the movie Risen.
Risen is the story of Clavius, a Roman Tribune in Judea (played by Joseph Fiennes), who is tasked with solving the mystery of what happened to Yahshua (Jesus) in the weeks following his crucifixion, in order to prevent an uprising in Jerusalem.
What do we see in this scene?
Clavius is meeting with Pontius Pilate who wants him to do his bidding and find the body of Jesus. However, before to enter the topic, Pontius wants to know what he can expect from Clavius and to do so he scales and analyses his values.
Values are states of mind and principles that are usually expressed in nominalization. They are abstract and drive our motivation and goals. Tony Robbins says they “are like a compass that directs your life”. Values motivate and demotivate, and they justify our behavior. With other words, our values are unconscious and personal principles we live by such as love, honesty and freedom.
Values elicitation
We all have values; those that attract us also called towards-values and those that rebuke us also known as away-from values. Poverty, for instance, may be an away-from value that will motivate a person towards “prosperity”.
Values, however can be hard to discern. We often tend to mix them and each of them has a personal meaning (nominalization). The way I perceive and define honesty is not necessarily the same way as you do. By eliciting our values we can better understand our drives and motivations. This can help us understand why we chose a path or took a specific decision rather than an other one. By knowing which values are really important to us, we can act accordingly and live congruently – meaning, act upon our values and our being.
By knowing other people’s values we can better understand their state of mind and reasoning, thus helping us communicate and work with them.
Values contexts and hierarchy
Our values are expressed differently in the contexts of life. We may have separate sets of values for work, home and external relationships. Some people can be very responsible at work while being childish at home. This can also relate to the question if a leader is born or nurtured. As a leader, our set of values may depend and be activated based on the requirements in a definite context.
A set of values also has a hierarchy that defines the importance of each value – a bit like Maslow’s pyramide. We often tend to believe that the one value we talk most about is the most important one. It’s often the opposite!
Like the iceberg metaphor, the one value we cherish most, is probably the first level on our values ladder.
For instance “freedom”. While some of us cherish freedom, it may be a means rather than and end. What happens once we have freedom? What do we gain with it. For some it can be time for others, the possibility to choose.
In this scene we have an excellent example of values elicitation and their hierarchy. Pontius Pilate, as well as us, do better understand what drives the Tribune.
Clavius recites his values, one by one by order of importance: Position -> Power -> Wealth -> Family…
All that in order to arrive to Peace, which seems to be the end of the road and the top of the ladder.
In this case Peace is Calvius’ core value. Core values are the most abstract if not spiritual of all values. It is not possible to go higher and in most cases each person has one top core value, which can be such as Love, Inner Peace, Oneness, Being or Self.
Knowing about our core value helps us understand what drives the other values. While peace seems a simple objective to obtain on personal level, inner peace is actually a life’s path. As Pontius Pilate says, “all that for peace… Is there no other way?”
Each person with inner peace as core value will have his own set of values that he will use to take decisions and actions in order to strive for this inner peace.
By knowing that inner peace is what drives him, Clavius can better relate to all his actions. Pilate on the other hand, understands that at the end of the day, what Clavius is looking for is inner peace and not love or oneness and that makes a big difference. Someone with love or being might have very different reasons to act, and even if both people would take the same action at a given time, the reason behind them can be very different. Inner peace for instance, is more focused on the person itself than say love or oneness that go beyond that person.
Peace hands
Core transformation
Within neuro-linguistics programming (NLP) one can learn or be assisted in combining several tools such as value elicitation and timeline to relive past experiences while knowing what is their core value, thus understanding and transforming their experience of these events. This also includes understanding better ourselves during a future given event.
Values and leadership
By leading our lives knowing what are the values driving us, we can improve the quality of our path. Leaders on the other experience it on two levels. First on themselves as individuals, and secondly, in their leadership context. By knowing about their people’s values and understanding what really makes them who they are, leaders can lead by coaching and be the one person that people really want to follow, that is, if their values are indeed compatible.
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Aug 1, 1977
Our Greatest Presidents?
“Commager’s out-of-date nonsense, masquerading as historical wisdom, is what they are going to teach little children in the government’s schools.”
There it was again, as dated as a double-breasted suit—an article on “Our Greatest Presidents,” and written by none other than Henry Steele Commager himself!
A quick background briefing for those too young to remember. In the 1940s and early ’50s, a school of Establishment historians existed who made it their business to act as a sort of intellectual Secret Service for the American Presidency. Close upon every great public rape of the Constitution by a President—for instance, when Harry Truman seized the steel mills, or when he began to wage war on North Korea and China without a declaration of war by Congress—these historians would rush into print with learned accounts of the 129 times the Constitution had been similarly raped in the past, under dire necessity and with no ill effects to the body politic—quite the contrary—actually, she never felt better in her life.
The most outstanding among this school were Allan Nevins of Columbia University; Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., of Harvard; Eric Goldman of Princeton; and, topping them all, Henry Steele Commager of Amherst College.
When they were in a classy, quasi philosophy-of-history frame of mind, these men would sometimes rationalize the power moves of the Chief Executive through an eye catching gimmick. The public would be presented with the answer to a question nobody had asked: Now, just whowere the really Great Presidents? This was a favorite game of around 1950 for Nevins, Commager, and the rest, and the lists were always the same. Washington, Lincoln, and another one or two of the earlier Presidents would be thrown in to give a tone of objectivity and sageness. The point of the whole enterprise, however, would come with the “Great” or “Near Great” Presidents of the twentieth century, then it would be given out, as the conclusion of historical science, that, taking the good with the bad, of course, the one indisputable Great in our own time was Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the indisputable Near Greats were Theodore Roosevelt, Woodrow Wilson, and Harry Truman. Surprise! Surprise!
Those were halycon days for the mystique of the Presidency, so that one could find this childishly transparent attempt to turn a bit of liberal politicking into the Verdict of History in the pages of Life, Look, and The New York Times Magazine. But now the great interventionist picture books are gone, and there are smart New Left revisionist sharks roaming about on Sunday morning who would like nothing better than to pounce on such grade school stuff—to ret mind everyone, for instance, of what Jackson did to the Cherokees, of what Truman did to the civilians at Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and that TR was a racist in practically the Nazi sense. Thus, poor Professor Commager is reduced to publishing in Parade, the mass Sunday newspaper supplement semi-throwaway. It was there, on May 8, after the third cup of coffee, that one found his nostalgia-awakening article, “Our Greatest Presidents.”
In case you were wondering, the outstandingly Great Presidents according to Commager (and to a poll of historians at 100 colleges and universities that he reports on) are Lincoln, Washington, and Franklin Roosevelt. They are closely followed by Theodore Roosevelt, Jefferson, Wilson, Jackson, and, a little behind, Harry Truman. Surprise! Surprise!
What are the criteria of Greatness in a President? “First, all were what we must call ‘strong’ Presidents. All believed the President should be both a symbol and a leader… . Second, all ranged themselves on the side of the people, of an enlarged scope for government… .” (Nobody here but us objective historians!) The third criterion, being a good administrator and politician, is not, it turns out, a necessary condition, according to Commager (the contradiction is his). But the fourth may be found in all of these leaders. It is, “quite simply, wisdom, sagacity, intelligence.” (This of Franklin Roosevelt—of Wilson!)
Finally, “There is one essential common denominator that transcends all others: all the great Presidents were men of principle, prepared to sacrifice popularity to what they thought was right.”
And so it goes. It is clear that Commager’s favorite is FDR. Some of History’s conclusions: Among FDR’s qualities were “honesty, resolution, fortitude, compassion, a sense of justice… . How right Franklin Roosevelt was when he said: ‘The Presidency is preeminently a place of moral leadership.’” Roosevelt was “prepared to put principle above politics—and above popularity.” The way Commager phrases the outstanding example of Roosevelt’s loyalty to “principle” is interesting: He “risked the loss of the 1940 election by stretching the Constitution to itspermissible limits in order to aid beleaguered Britain” against Germany (emphasis added). “History,” Commager adds, “has vindicated him well.”
This is the famous historian’s little way of getting around a fact that, since the golden age of Presidential glorification, has become common knowledge, namely, that Roosevelt committed the United States to war against Germany— through his promises to foreign leaders and his directives to the American armed forces—in 1940 (at the latest), without even the knowledge of Congress, and in direct contravention of his assurances to the American people, whom he treated as fools. By now, this much is established: As Clare Boothe Luce put it for all time, “He lied us into war.”
For sure—honesty, as Commager assures us, was one of FDR’s great virtues. And Eleanor’s mind was a model of Cartesian clarity.
But what is the use? Commager’s out-of-date nonsense, masquerading as historical wisdom, is what they are going to teach little children in the government’s schools. After Vietnam and Nixon, the professional custodians of the tarnished symbols of the American State are panicky. They do what they can to patch things over—old pimps to an old whore dressed up as “History.” But how much longer?
Ralph Raico is Senior Editor of Inquiry magazine, a biweekly publication to begin publication this fall out of San Francisco. He is also Professor of History at S.U.N.Y. College at Buffalo, and a frequent writer on Libertarian themes.
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September 29, 2010
How to access lilo: prompt?
I'm Linux-stupid, so I apologize; not a "Guru" for/on Linux like my ranking says. :( When the system boots up, it shows something like "LiLO 2.2" on the bottom of the screen, before momentarily being appended with a row of ...'s and continuing to boot (or attempting to).
How do I access or get to the "lilo:" prompt? :? Thanks!
Click Here!
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Philip Cohen Solal - The Moonshine Sessions (2 stars)
The Moonshine Sessions
(Ya Basta!)
Solal is best known as the French DJ, composer and producer behind the electronica-tango fusion of Gotan Project, so this largely traditional country album comes as a surprise.
Recorded in Nashville with a host of local musicians, and inspired by Neil Young’s Harvest, it’s a heartfelt, sombre record, with a certain downhome charm, but the songwriting is pretty anodyne. Chirping crickets, snippets of conversation and rumbling truck engines are meant to add atmosphere, but only demonstrate the producer’s urge to meddle, while the yee-haw covers of ‘Dancing Queen’ and ‘Pretty Vacant’ are as bad an idea as they sound.
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La Mama
Theatre in Carlton & Brunswick
La Mama is historically significant in Melbourne’s theatre scene. This tiny, intimate forum produces new Australian works and experimental theatre, and has a reputation for developing emerging playwrights. It's a ramshackle building with an open-air bar. Shows also run at its larger Courthouse theatre at 349 Drummond St, so check tickets carefully for the correct location.
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Mac's List
Nail Your Next Phone Interview
Perfect phone etiquette to secure that in-person interview.
Employers use phone interviews to screen out candidates. They're talking to lots of people, trying to decide who they want to meet face-to-face.
Making the most of your phone interview is crucial to standing out from a crowded field of applicants and to successfully securing an in-person interview with the employer.
That's why we created this worksheet, How To Nail Your Next Phone Interview. We talked with careers expert Hannah Morgan, founder of CareerSherpa. This FREE download will take you step-by-step through the following:
• How to handle an unexpected call from a recruiter
• The research you must do before a phone interview
• What questions you need to ask
• How to follow up after your call
Download your free copy today and nail your next phone interview!
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By completing this form, you'll be added to our weekly newsletters, with other valuable resources for your job search. Don't worry, you can unsubscribe at any time!
Copyright 2018 | Mac's List
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Casey Brown <> changed:
What |Removed |Added
CC| |
--- Comment #1 from Casey Brown <> 2011-01-27 21:10:44 UTC
We used to have a large percentage of the logos set to $stdlogo, but this was
changed when the v2.0 Wikipedia logos were rolled out. So...
Task 0.5: ask the Usability Team if they're ready for us to move all of the
v2.0 logos to the local wikis so that they can be managed via Wiki.png again
instead of Commons.
(In reply to comment #0)
> Task 1:
> On new wiki creation, upload a default Wiki.png file and protect it. This can
> be handled by a script, and surely need an update of our wiki creation
> documentation.
New wikis should already have a logo when they're requested, so we shouldn't
need to upload just a default -- we can upload the real thing. I'm pretty sure
that the language committee has "create a logo" on their pre-bug checklist.
Configure bugmail:
You are the assignee for the bug.
You are on the CC list for the bug.
Wikibugs-l mailing list
Reply via email to
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Here are my belated comments on the IP Instances design.
There are two documents which describe the design
si-interfaces - a high-level design focusing on the problem the
project solves, and what the user-visible changes are
A general comment that in both documents page numbers seem to be
Figures 1 and 2 - I think the pictures are a little misleading the
second picture displays an example of two applications (web servers?)
both binding to INADDR_ANY on port 80. Of course, that's also a very
viable example for the current zones model. Perhaps a better example
might be one of those applications designated as "Internet facing" and
another might be "Intranet-facing" or "Internal".
Page 6, Section 4 - I'm not sure if this is the proper place for a
discussion on security or if it warrants a separate section, but I
think the document should discuss the security implications of a zone
using a shared stack versus an exclusive stack. For example, I think
including the table you had sent in private email some time ago which
documented the various attack vectors and how each type of zone
addresses the type of attack would be helpful in understanding the
(I know some of this is headed to be discussed in Section 9 of the
second document but it seems at least some of the discussion belongs
here as well.)
Page 6, Section 5 - In the second paragraph, you mention there are no
planned layer two changes. Does that mean for the initial design that
there will be no filtering done at that layer? Again, perhaps this
merits discussion in a separate "Security" section but it's important
to understand what sorts of capabilities a privileged user in an
exclusive stack zone has versus one in a zone using the shared stack.
Page 7, Section 6 - In #4, leveraging zonename(1) in this way does seem
strange. I know we discussed at one time a command to retrieve and
interpret the values of ZONE_ATTR_* kernel attributes although in this
particular case, it seems the only one that makes sense from inside the
zone itself is whether this zone is tied to an exclusive stack.
What about using /sbin/netstrategy and smf_netstrategy() in
/lib/svc/share/ for this purpose?
Page 7, Section 7 - Given the recent discussion with a customer, would
it make sense to make it clear here that there is a *single* shared IP
and the project does not allow for "islands" of shared IP instances?
Page 8, Section 9 - When does the enforcement of only allowing a
"physical" property for exclusive IP zones? Does it occur when one
tries to complete the addition of a "net" resource by specifying "end"
subcommand? Or does it occur when "verify" is performed on the whole
configuration (either the explicit command or the implicit verification
that takes place prior to commit?)
In the example given for the shared IP zone, I would specify add the
/24 prefix length to the address parameter (it's not required but
definitely encourage it) and also the missing "end" subcommand.
In the example given for the exclusive IP zone, there is also a missing
"end" subcommand.
Page 9, Section 10 - BrandZ added their BRAND column after the existing
PATH column but you're introducing it before. It seems the "IP TYPE"
should follow both PATH and BRAND. Also, updating the output for first
two "list" examples to account for the merge with BrandZ would be
In the third example, the command listed is "list -i" but earlier "-l"
is defined for this purpose.
With respect to "list -l", I'm not sure if this really belongs in
zoneadm(1M) or somewhere else. In some ways, I'd rather see it as a
new option to dladm(1M) instead.
Will the list of link names printed be the ones actually registered
with the kernel though zone_add_ifname() or the subset of those link
names actually plumbed by the zone with the exclusive stack? I assume
the former but please verify that.
In this respect, it seems that "list -l" is printing one of that
several pieces of zone runtime state which we don't currently print
through zoneadm(1M) or any other command. The zones team has discussed
in the past introducing a more general "zoneadm status" or "zoneadm
info" facility but that's not yet designed. Another alternative is to
begin supporting a "list -o <format>" in zoneadm(1M) and allow the link
names to be a supported type there.
Finally, in the case where multiple "net" resources have been specified
with an exclusive IP zone, are the link names separated by whitespace?
Page 9, Section 11 - As I mentioned earlier, zonename(1) seems the
wrong interface for obtaining this information. What about using
/sbin/netstrategy and smf_netstrategy()?
Page 9, Section 12 - There should be some discussion of the packaging
changes somewhere in one or both of the documents. In the particular
case of IP Filter, is the proposal to move all of the contents of
SUNWipfr into a non-hollow package?
Page 15, Section 14 - This is more of a code review question but are
the additional privileges being granted to an exclusive stack zone
being hard-coded in either libzonecfg or zoneadmd(1M) or are you
extending the XML uses for each brand?
Page 16, Section 15 - Is the additional configuration that is being
introduced part of this case or a future case? If the latter, how will
this project and TX interact?
Page 16, Section 17 - Could you provide a bit more detail on each of
these interfaces? In particular, does zone_get_ifnum() return the
number of link names registered via zone_add_ifname()? Is the second
parameter of zone_get_iflist() a single string containing the link
names registered in a concatenated form?
More generally, can zone_getattr() be used in place of these
zone_get_if*() functions?
Should these functions be dealing with "link names" rather than
"interfaces" to avoid confusion with the interfaces that ifconfig(1M)
deals with?
si-design - the design of the code changes. Assumes the reader
has read si-interfaces already!
Pages 14, Section 7.1 - More of a code review comment but please update
truss(1) to account for the additional argument to zone_create().
Pages 14-15, Section 7.2 - As mentioned above, could you please provide
some more details on these new system calls? Can zone_getattr() be
used instead of the proposed zone_get_if*() functions?
Also, could you list the changes to the proposed zone_t structure?
With regard to the third bullet, please see my concerns above about the
introduction of "list -l". I think this should be part of a general
zone status/health facility or perhaps something that dladm(1M) can
print about the link names and how their assignment zone-wise.
With respect to the fourth bullet, can the global zone plumb an
interface which has been "assigned" to an exclusive IP zone but not yet
plumbed by that zone?
Page 15, Section 7.3 - As I asked about in the earlier document, is
"zonecfg verify" the only place where address property verification is
done or is it also done at end of adding or changing a "net" resource?
And as I asked earlier, are the additional privileges and devices being
hard-coded intop libzonecfg or zoneadm(1M) or are you extending the XML
uses for each brand?
Page 16, Section 9 - Providing the table of attack vectors here along
with some discussion would be very helpful.
zones-discuss mailing list
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Top pairings | White or red wine? What's the best pairing for risotto?
Top pairings
White or red wine? What's the best pairing for risotto?
Talking about wine matches for risotto is a bit like talking about wine with pasta - it’s depends on the other ingredients you use, not the rice.
That said it’s usually a delicate, creamy sort of dish which is served among the primi (first courses) on an Italian menu and generally suits a white better than a red. It’s also typical of the northern half of Italy rather than the south, particularly the Piedmont area which points to an Italian white from that region.
Spring vegetable risotto
With a light risotto made with spring vegetables like asparagus or courgette (zucchini) flowers or with seafood like shrimp or prawns I’d drink a Gavi, Soave or a Roero Arneis or - and this might surprise you - a glass of dryish* prosecco.
Seafood risotto
If the risotto was a bit richer - made with crab or scallops for example - I’d go for a richer white wine but still one with some acidity - a light creamy chardonnay for example or a pinot bianco. Premier cru Chablis, although not local, would be a good match and I have enjoyed a crisp fresh-tasting sauvignon with this style of risotto
Mushroom risotto
Chardonnay, especially white burgundy, is also a good pairing for a chicken or a mushroom risotto which tend to be richer and more savoury but you could also drink a pinot noir or a Barolo, even though this is not traditional in the region. (They generally save it for the meat course and drink a Barbera.). If truffles are involved, I would.
Beetroot risotto
I’d also drink a red wine with any risotto that was made with red wine, served with meat or one that was based on beetroot. Barbera would probably be my top choice but again pinot noir would work very well especially if that's the wine you use in the recipe.
Beetroot and pinot noir risotto
I also prefer an earthy red like Barbera with a risotto made with saffron like the classic risotto all Milanese but again you could go for a crisp white like a Gavi.
Pumpkin risotto
And for rich pumpkin or butternut squash I might go for a richer style of chardonnay or viognier.
Enjoying a risotto is all about the creaminess of the dish and the texture of the rice so you don’t want a wine that’s too intrusive either in terms of fruit character or tannin. So I personally wouldn’t go for a pungent New Zealand style of sauvignon blanc or a full-bodied red like a cabernet sauvignon or shiraz. Feel free though if it works for you.
* I deliberately use the word ‘dry-ish’ rather than 'dry' because that’s a classification in the prosecco region that actually means medium-sweet’. You want to look for ‘brut’ style proseccos.
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Binary Representation of Numbers MCQs Quiz Online PDF Download
Learn binary representation of numbers MCQs, computer fundamentals online test for distance education, online computer courses prep. Practice representation of data multiple choice questions (MCQs), binary representation of numbers quiz questions and answers. ETS GRE test prep on representation of fractions in binary, binary representation of characters, binary representation of numbers tutorials for online computer classes courses distance learning.
Study bachelors and masters in data science degree MCQs: method of representing numbers such as '0s' and '1s' is called, for online computer courses with choices binary notation, primary notation, secondary notation, variable notation with online tutorial questions and answers for online university's class tests with exam papers important questions. Free skills assessment test is for online learn binary representation of numbers quiz questions with MCQs, exam preparation questions and answers.
MCQs on Binary Representation of NumbersQuiz PDF Download
MCQ: Method of representing numbers such as '0s' and '1s' is called
1. binary notation
2. primary notation
3. secondary notation
4. variable notation
MCQ: All decimal values and integers are included in set of
1. whole numbers
2. natural numbers
3. real numbers
4. integers
MCQ: Set of 'ordinary numbers' is also called
1. integers
2. whole numbers
3. natural numbers
4. real numbers
MCQ: In a binary system, numbers with power of 2 are
1. 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32
3. 1, 2, 16, 32, 64, 81
4. 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11
MCQ: Number with power 2 such as 32, 16, 4, 2, 1 are represented in form of binary integers as
1. 110111
2. 1.11E+14
3. e111101
4. 21110001
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Viagra: How Young Is Too Young?
Optimizing Performance
By Martin Downs
WebMD Feature
Reviewed By Michael Smith
Pfizer denies that it's promoting Viagra for recreational use. "We've consistently opposed that," says spokesman Geoff Cook. Nevertheless, Murdock says it's fine to pop the little blue pill to "optimize" your sexual performance.
We assume all young men have normal sexual functioning, "but they're really not normal," Murdock says. Hardening of the arteries, which restricts blood flow to the penis, can begin during the teen years, so that by the time a man is in his 20s, his ability to get and keep an erection has already begun to decline. Murdock says many men who seek Viagra for recreational use actually have minor erectile dysfunction.
There's also some evidence that Viagra can shorten the time it takes a man to recover after sex and be ready for another round. This is called the "refractory period." Normally it lasts 20 minutes or longer. One study, published in the journal Human Reproduction in January 2000, found that Viagra shortened the refractory period by about 10 minutes in healthy men.
What Viagra cannot do is increase your sexual appetite or make you ejaculate if you have problems reaching orgasm. Ira Sharlip, urologist in San Francisco, says you shouldn't expect your erections to reach staggering new proportions, either. "I don't believe that Viagra can increase an erection beyond 100% of normal," he says.
Nitrates include nitroglycerin -- a drug that many men take for chest pain from heart disease -- and "poppers." Poppers are little vials of amyl or butyl nitrate. Breaking the vial releases nitrate vapor, which gives a brief high when inhaled. It's most often used to enhance sexual pleasure, and mostly by gay men. Poppers are not all that safe to use on their own, and they're especially dangerous when you're on Viagra.
Nitrates widen blood vessels, and Viagra increases that effect. Mixing the two can cause your blood pressure to drop drastically. A sudden drop in blood pressure can make you pass out, and you may die if your blood pressure stays too low for too long.
Preservatives like sodium nitrate -- found in processed food -- do not cause this problem, so you won't die from eating a hot dog while on Viagra. Even so, it's best to take it on an empty stomach. That way, the drug absorbs into your bloodstream faster. Wine may contain nitrates, but not the kind that cause problems with Viagra. It's fine to play some Marvin Gaye on the stereo and sip a glass of Chardonnay, if that's what puts you in the mood.
Although you may be tempted to order Viagra discreetly from one of the hundreds of Web sites that sell it, don't. "It's bad medicine," Murdock says. You really must bring your doctor into your sex life if you want to use Viagra.
Cook says Pfizer is opposed to Internet Viagra sales. "Our goal with any of our marketing is simply to reach men and encourage them to see a doctor," he says.
It seems that Viagra can make sex better for women, too. Like the penis, the clitoris is erectile tissue -- spongy tissue that becomes engorged with blood during sexual excitement. By increasing blood flow to the clitoris, Viagra may heighten a woman's sensation and arousal. It also seems to increase vaginal lubrication.
Murdock says many couples like to heat things up by splitting a dose of Viagra. "It's an interesting sexual situation," he says. The recommended dosage for men is up to 100 milligrams per day, and that seems to be just as safe for women. Young people may get results from a smaller dose: As little as 25 mg may be enough.
The FDA has not approved Viagra for women, but Murdock says, "It's just a matter of time." He says he and other doctors who specialize in sexual medicine prescribe it to women, which is perfectly legal. Doctors are allowed to use their best judgment. Drug companies, however, can't advertise any use that isn't FDA-approved.
The studies being done to test Viagra's safety and effectiveness in women have shown good results so far. "We're cautiously optimistic," Cook says.
Martin F. Downs is a health writer in New York City. He was formerly an editor at CBS HealthWatch. He has also written for,, and POZ magazine and is the editor of the Alicubi Journal (
©1996-2005 WebMD Inc. All rights reserved.
Health Solutions From Our Sponsors
Last Editorial Review: 1/31/2005
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Designer Babies Get Panel's Thumbs Up (<em>MIT Tech Review</em>)
National Academy of Sciences okays genetic engineering for prevention
• by Staff Writer, MedPage Today
Twenty-two scientists from the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) gave a greenlight to genetic engineering of human embryos to avoid serious disease. The decision comes after a year of research and deliberation captured in a 216-page document, reported MIT Technology Review.
The scientists filled their report with technical caveats, and a call for rigorous oversight. They emphasized a clear distinction between disease prevention and enhancements, such as intelligence.
"They show a narrow but clear path to future clinical use," Tetsuya Ishii, a bioethicist at Hokkaido University in Japan, told MIT Technology Review.
There will be time for further deliberation on the often polarizing issue before the technology matures. Even so, the NAS has planted its flag in the genetic engineering policy frontier.
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Past Meetups (47)
What we're about
" Highest Joy is Highest Truth" - Lama Ole Nydahl
Thats the state of mind one wishes to be in all the time. To support and help each other to discover our true nature, thats why we meet and meditate together. Diamondway Buddhism is an offer for everyone who wants to benefit from Buddhas timeless values and effective methods, and at the same time be in the world and function well - but not been carried away by everyday´s life struggle. Thats just one aspect of training the Pure View.
Diamondway-Buddhism, a lay-branch of Tibetan Karma Kagyue Lineage, is build on friendship, power of joy and lots of idealism around the world. Starting with two friends living in Taiwan/Taipei, who are longterm students of HH Karmapa Thaye Dorje, Lama Ole Nydahl and other Teachers of our Lineage, we like to share this approach for everyone interested - Taiwanese and Foreigners living here as well.
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KELT-9b: This Planet’s Atmosphere Is so Hot It Can Vaporize Heavy Metals
Last year, astronomers made an intriguing discovery: a scorching planet, hotter than any other known to man, where dayside temperatures might exceed 4,000 Kelvin (6,740 degrees Fahrenheit). That would make it hotter than many stars.
Now, further intriguing details of this unusual exoplanet, dubbed KELT-9b, have emerged. According to a study published in the journal Nature, the planet's atmosphere contains heavy metals, such as iron and titanium, which take the form of a vaporized gas because of the extreme heat.
Iron is the most abundant transition metal—those in the center of the periodic table. However, it has never been directly detected in the atmosphere of an exoplanet because it is highly refractory, meaning it has a high melting point and, therefore, requires very high temperatures to be turned into a gas.
KELT-9b, which is located around 650 light years away, belongs to a class of planets known as “ultrahot Jupiters”—Jupiter-size exoplanets that orbit extremely close to their host stars.
KELT-9b, for example, is 30 times closer to its star, KELT-9, than the Earth is to the sun, completing an entire orbit in just 36 hours. As a result, like other ultrahot Jupiters, its atmosphere becomes so hot that the chemistry within resembles that of a star more than a planet.
Currently, we do not know what KELT-9’s atmosphere looks like and how it can evolve under such conditions. To understand more, a team of researchers from the University of Bern created computer simulations of the planet’s atmosphere.
These simulations predicted that it should be possible to detect metals like iron and titanium as single atoms because the bonds that usually join them together with other atoms will be broken by the high-energy collisions taking place between particles at extremely high temperatures. That's according to Kevin Heng, an author of the study from the University of Bern.
Armed with this knowledge, astronomers from the University of Geneva (UNIGE) observed the planet during transit. When this happens, light from the star is filtered through the planet’s atmosphere, enabling scientists to learn about its composition using an instrument known as a spectrograph.
These devices spread white light into its component colors, a spectrum in which the chemical “fingerprints” of different substances can be identified. As the researchers dug into the data, they found evidence of both titanium and iron existing both as single atoms and a gas in the atmosphere.
"This is the first time they have been so definitively and robustly detected in any exoplanet," Heng told Newsweek.
The results prove the effectiveness of new techniques for studying ultrahot Jupiters, a class of planets that were only identified about a decade ago. They are still perplexing scientists with their curious properties and unusual atmospheres.
Most planets in KELT-9b's situation, for example, would have completely evaporated atmospheres. Some researchers think that its large mass may be sufficient to prevent total evaporation from happening, however.
177902_web The sun sets in this artist’s illustration of planet KELT-9b. Its nearby warm blue star is about 70 times the apparent size of the sun in the Earth’s sky. Under this scorching sun, the planet’s atmosphere is warm enough to shine in reddish-orange tones and vaporize heavy metals such as iron and titanium. Denis Bajram
"This planet is a unique laboratory to analyze how atmospheres can evolve under intense stellar radiation," David Ehrenreich, principal investigator with the UNIGE's team, said in a statement.
The methods used could also have implications for scientists hunting for life outside the Earth, according to Heng.
"The technique itself is exciting, because it uses a so-called spectrum at high resolution to detect these metals," he said. "Atoms and molecules have distinct spectral fingerprints. Given enough of these signatures, we can be sure of detecting a specific atom or molecule, and this is precisely what our study reports."
"You can imagine that this technique can be used to detect any atom or molecule of interest, including those that hint at biology (i.e., biosignatures). It is not inconceivable that this technique can be used to detect biosignatures in yet-to-be-discovered exoplanets in the foreseeable future."
Editor's Pick
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Review: The Hobbit, An Unexpected Journey
This long and winding fairy tale may not be everybody’s bag, but it does bring out the genius of Tolkien in ways the Lord of the Rings could not. reviews
The-Hobbit-1024x1024Director: Peter Jackson
Starring: Martin Freeman, Ian McKellan, Richard Armitage
Length: 169 minutes
Rating: ★★★★☆
One four hundred-odd page book. Three films, expected to be nearly three hours each. Die hard Tolkien fans were drooling, I found the idea of going through it all again a little tiring. But within the first ten minutes of The Hobbit, it was clear that Jackson sought an entirely different type of film to the Lord of The Rings.
The film starts with the hobbit and hero of our story, Bilbo Baggins, writing and narrating the story of his ‘adventures’. We are transported to the Shire and into its culture of story-telling and myth-making – “all the best stories deserve embellishment”, Gandalf says in one of his many wisdoms. The Hobbit is a fairy tale. Tolkien’s novel was written for children, and, reading it alongside the Lord of the Rings, the style is markedly different. At every turn the film gives nods, both clear and subtle towards this guiding idea.
“This is a children’s tale, a long, winding fairy tale, with all the traditions that go with it.”
Take the story as a whole. A band of dwarves embark on a mission to take back their homeland, a mountain full of gold, called the ‘Lonely Mountain’, from which they were driven by a dragon. The base story is so very different from the Fellowship who set out to destroy the item which will enable evil to stand unopposed. The heroes are not hunted by faceless Nightriders in a world where even the trees are considered enemies, but by galumphing trolls, farcical goblins and rickety bridges.
The casting also keeps the story rooted in lightheartedness. Martin Freeman, who plays Bilbo Baggins, although perhaps not, in my opinion, the strongest option for the role, through his mannerism (fans of The Office know them well) and script manages to give the impression that danger is all just a bit of fun. Unlike The Lord of the Rings, you never really feel that any harm will come to our heroes. Gandalf the Grey, once again played by Ian MacKellan, is perhaps the most important player in this fairy tale. As a wizard he ‘comes and goes as he pleases’, but at the moment of trouble his wisdom, and if needs be his magic, always comes to the rescue.
Fans of Tolkien would say that the man’s greatest achievement was not the story of Lord of the Rings, but the creation of a fictional world, an entire web of separate societies, as detailed in the Lord of the Rings, The Hobbit and the various appendices which accompany them. In The Hobbit these intricacies, each race’s ancestry, language, customs and mythology, are weaved into the story. Every action and thought are given two generations of background. The Hobbit gives an outlet for the genius of Tolkien in a way which the other films, with so much ground to cover, could not. Reviews have criticised the makers of The Hobbit for ‘stretching it out’ to three films, but I see this as their master stroke: what came across more than anything was the detail of the storyline. For example, the length enabled more information to be given on characters such as Radagast the Brown, and reasons why the hatred between Dwarves and Orcs, and Dwarves and Elves, is so deep-seated. The Hobbit fully mirrored Tolkien’s narrative style.
Visually The Hobbit is very different too. Gone are the daunting and aggressive landscapes of New Zealand, and some of the very life-like characters (particularly the Maori Uruk-Hai), to be replaced by mostly CGI. This isn’t a simple cop-out (although I couldn’t say whether there was a financial interest here), as it furthers the feeling that we’re inside a fairy tale. Rivendell is not presented as a mysterious and claustrophobic place of incomprehensible magic, but as a leafy green refuge. Middle Earth has had 400 years of peace, there’s really no need for us, or the Lady of Galadriel to fuss. The Dwarves’ enemies are also less threatening – trapped deep in the Goblins’ mountain, surrounded, and facing the Goblin leader, Gandalf needs only slash him in the belly and they escape, using a wooden plank to sled down a crevasse.
The fight scenes are perhaps an area where the film falls down. I felt the makers wished they could recreate some of the skirmish fight scenes of the Fellowship of the Ring and The Two Towers, but were restricted to producing the sort of absurd scenes you would expect in a 2002 computer game. Roger’s peevish villains in his films in 101 Dalmatians even came to mind.
The scene in the Goblins’ mountain was particularly weak. Also annoying is the feeling that the dwarves go from pillar to post hitting trouble time and time again, and each time being bailed out by Gandalf – it starts to seem a little repetitive, and certainly will do if this continues in the succeeding two films.
To enjoy The Hobbit you do have to go into the cinema ready for a long film. Get some food, a drink. I, much to the annoyance of my neighbour, kicked my shoes off. If you go in expecting the epic fight scenes to The Two Towers, or the drama of Return of the King, you will be sorely disappointed. This is a children’s tale. It is a long and winding fairy tale, with all the traditions that go with it. In this framework it is great, and will, I think, bring many who watched the Lord of the Rings as a stand-alone blockbuster into the magical world of Tolkien. And for that you can only applaud.
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Human-chimp hybrids. Credit Illustration by Leanne Shapton
On hearing of Darwin’s theories, the wife of the bishop of Worcester supposedly exclaimed: “Descended from apes? My dear, let us hope that it is not true.” Now the geneticist David Reich of the Broad Institute at Harvard and M.I.T. has advanced a theory that the bishop’s wife would have found even more disturbing: human and chimp ancestors, after diverging into separate species millions of years ago, came back together and interbred.
Reich came up with the idea after comparing the genes of humans and chimps. When two species split from a common ancestor, their genes will continue to diverge, or mutate, at a regular clip over time. Reich and his team of researchers, after comparing some 20 million base pairs (the “rungs” of DNA) from humans and chimps, found that different genes began diverging at different times — with genes located on the X chromosome of humans and chimps parting ways most recently.
Reich’s explanation is that the two populations interbred on repeated occasions over hundreds of thousands, if not millions, of years, producing hybrids of protohumans and protochimps. The male hybrids were likely to be sterile, but Reich posits that the female hybrids (with their two X chromosomes) were able to mate with males of one of the original species. This would explain why genes on the X chromosome of humans and chimps diverged more recently.
It’s a radical concept. Conventional wisdom holds that the development of separate species happens quickly, most often when populations become separated by a geographical barrier. Even if these groups meet again and manage to mate before diverging too far from one another, their offspring will be unfit and die out. Or so the thinking goes.
By contrast, Reich argues that hybrids could play an important and positive role in speciation, introducing advantageous traits into a gene pool — including ours. If Reich is correct, the customary image of the human family tree, with its neat and discrete divisions, should be replaced by another metaphor: a dense and impenetrable thicket of branches concealing countless acts of interspecies sex. It’s enough to make a bishop’s wife blush.
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Broken Innocence
Reaching, touching
stretching high
the birth of a soul the sound of a cry
lost in the world so deep so wide
from the hill tops to the valley below
the sound of an echo
the whisper of the snow
why can't we get along
fear in our eyes
screams in our ears
burst of blood in the skies
it falls one by one
but we must stand tall
nothing to fear
weep no more there is an open door
the window to the soul of eternal rest
lay within the rib of my chest
it fights, it breaks
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Continuous Integration for the development teams
What is continuous integration?
Continuous integration is the practice in the software building process where development teams have to maintain the central repository of their product code. All team members frequently / continuously merge their code changes to this central code repository.
Continuous integration has started as a part of extreme programming practice and now days is being used by many small and agile technical teams. The main goal is to reduce the project delivery times, integrate QA into the development process and apply test-driven / behavior-driven development methodologies.
continuous integration flow
Use Case For Continuous Integration
As development team members are committing their code to the central source control CI tools are picking up the code changes and starting the array of automated tasks., running the tests and building the software.
These include running the predefined unit or integration test sets, building the software and in some cases even deploying the software to the production environments.
For example, given that development team maintains a good collection of tests cases for their code, continuous integration tools can automatically run these on any new code changes or code merges in the central repository.
Reports and notifications will be sent to all team in case the latest code merge by one of the team members has introduced bugs.
Continuous integration flows can run automated testing on the pull request code, prior to code merge happening. This way potential bugs are caught even before they make their way into the main repository of your application code.
In other words, continuous integration will not automatically fix bugs in your code, but good CI flow will make it easy to detect the bugs while your team is developing the software project.
Continuous Integration Flows
In the simple diagram above you can see that CI server plays the central role in orchestrating and automating the testing and feedback tasks while development team is working with software code.
CI applications have capabilities to execute multiple tasks, usually in the conditional order. The outcome of such tasks can triger another flow task, different flow or to stop CI job run and send notifications to the team.
In more matured CI flows which are usually called pipelines, CI server can automatically deploy the software to pre-production or even production environments. Such flows bring development teams towards the land of continuous delivery.
Continuous Integration Applications
CI flows mostly include interaction with multiple development lifecycle tools – code version control, test frameworks, notification systems, reporting tools and others. Such tools and services are usually not part of CI server applications themselves. But its important that CI solution you choose integrates well with the tools and services your team is using in the software development lifecycle.
In the PopularOwl tutorials, we mostly focus on open source enterprise technology toolset.
JenkinsCI is the most used open source CI solution in the enterprise technology stack. With over 300k installs globally and over 2000 plugins created by a community it’s a very strong candidate to orchestrate CI flows for your project. Visit our
Visit our getting up and running with JenkinsCI course to learn more.
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by Vanity ()
I’m in need a prayer request for a person by the name of Kim she is a harassing spirit that is jealous-hearted and will not leave me alone I just want her to let me be and for God to silence her mouth thanks and God Bless!
Return to Prayers for Protection and Safety
1 comment for “Deliverance”
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1. I said a pray for you.
I prayed to st. Michael for you and say this “cast your care on the Lord and he will sustain you.” Pray psalms 91 for prodectio.
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Create and maintain all your static pages from one place
get it
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Finbarr Taylor
Finbarr Taylor@finbarr · CEO at Shogun
@ubik911 Ah yea good catch, woops! Just fixing that and deploying.
Kote Khutsishvili
Kote Khutsishvili@kkhutsishvili · CEO, Mainspring Collective
Guys, any alternatives to Shogun?
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You are here
FanBridge API - SDKs
FanBridge is a customer engagement and reward service. Clients of FanBridge can use their tools to interact with their customers and fans, reward them for being customers and fans, and make new customers and fans. The FanBridge API allows developers to access the functionality of FanBridge. Some example API methods include creating and sending email campaigns to customers and enabling new customers and fans to join the marketing list.
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Short Story Elements
Short story elements and their definitions.
plotthe story line
themethe lesson learned
characterizationdecription of characters
indirect characterizationwords, actions, reactions describe the characters
direct characterizationauthor uses adjectives to describe characters
settingthe place and time of the story
static charactera character who does not change over the story
dynamic charactera character that changes over the story
conflictthe problem or struggle
climaxthe highpoint or most suspenseful
suspenseanxious curiousity
foreshadowhint at the outcome of the story
resolutionthe outcome of the story
point of viewthe view from which the story is told
1st person point of viewuses "I" readers get inside the narrator's mind
3rd person point of viewstory told from a character's point of view
omniscient point of viewan all-knowing point of view, gets insides other character's head
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global_01_local_1_shard_00001926_processed.jsonl/4445
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Independent simple subject and predicate
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This activity is tracked by Mrs. Sieker. If you are in Mrs. Sieker's class, please log in for credit:
3rd Grade Teacher
Chase Grade School
Chase, KS
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This Way Up for Saturday 9 September 2017
The sand collector, hurricane helpline, compression clothing, sporting success at your fingertips, and why don't poisonous frogs poison themselves?!
The sand collector
We need sand to make glass, concrete, bricks and it's essential for beach volleyball, aquaria and of course building sand castles.
Sand is a huge global business today, and as we discovered on the programme back in June, there's a massive surge in demand for sand as our built environments continue to grow and grow.
Sand isn't just yellow grainy stuff you find at the beach, either.
It comes in all sorts of colours and shapes and every grain tells a story about the place it comes from; the mix of minerals, rocks, shells and man-made materials like plastic providing a unique snapshot of a place's geology and the forces at work shaping its future.
So although we tend to take sand for granted, perhaps it's no wonder that people collect sand, too.
Tonny Brinkman is a 93-year-old sand fan who has donated her collection of thousands of different sands from all over the world to the Auckland War Memorial Museum.
Tech news: hurricane helpline app & Christchurch's all-electric car sharing scheme
Photo: YouTube
Which tech issues are dominating the political agenda in the run-up to the general election on the 23rd of September?
Also Zello, an app that turns your smartphone into a walkie talkie and is great for group communications (a bit like the old citizens band or CB radio if you remember them), racks up more than 65 million downloads and rockets to number 1 on the App Store during hurricane season.
And Christchurch gets what's claimed to be one of the world's first all-electric vehicle car sharing schemes. So will it take off?
Peter Griffin has the latest technology news.
Do compression garments work?
Running in snow
Photo: (Isaac Wendland via
"Scientists suspect that any benefits felt when wearing compression clothing during exercise may be down to the placebo effect – the large hole left in the wallet from the purchase may leave the wearer willing it to make a difference."- David Cox in The Guardian
It seems counterintuitive if you've ever tried to work out wearing a pair of skinny jeans, but could very tight clothing actually improve your athletic performance?
That's the idea behind compression clothing - the array of leggings, socks and tops sold by the likes of Adidas, Under Armour, Asics and Skins.
They're part of a rapidly growing market predicted to be worth billions of dollars within the next five years.
Compression clothing has its origins in medicine: wearing a stocking around the leg can improve blood flow through the veins and is helpful in preventing clots.
That's why many of us wear compression stockings on long-haul flights to avoid 'economy class syndrome' and reduce the risks of deep vein thrombosis.
But big brands have seen the potential for sports and athletic wear.
If you've ever bought any compression clothing, you'll know that it commands a premium price and is marketed with phrases like "increase muscle power", "go further and faster" and "optimise performance".
But is there any science to back up these claims?
And how powerful is a placebo effect accentuated by having dropped so much cash?
David Cox has been looking at the research underpinning the compression clothing scene in The Guardian.
Could fingers hold the key to sporting success?
That's the thrust of some intriguing research looking into the relative lengths of your ring finger and your index finger... the second, pointy one.
Basically, the relationship between the two looks like it's a pretty good indicator of your spatial awareness, hand-grip strength, fitness levels and even your general mental outlook and levels of aggression.
This means that in general, those whose ring fingers are relatively longer than their pointers tended to perform better in sports including football, American football, basketball, rowing, rugby, running, surfing, swimming, tennis and volleyball.
Grant Tomkinson of the University of North Dakota has been looking at the evidence.
Read Grant Tomkinson's article below:
Finger size does matter... in sports
File 20170831 32045 1vl98iu
Grant Tomkinson, University of North Dakota and Makailah Dyer, University of North Dakota
Examine your fingers. Which is longer? Is it the index finger (the finger you use to point with – technically the second digit, or 2D, counting the thumb), or the ring finger (the fourth digit, or 4D)?
The relative length of the index and ring fingers is known as the digit ratio or the 2D:4D. For example, if your index finger is 2.9 inches (or 7.4 cm) long, and your ring finger is 3.1 inches (or 7.9 cm) long, your digit ratio is 0.935 (i.e., 2.9/3.1 or 7.4/7.9).
Males typically have lower digit ratios (the ring finger in males is typically longer than the index finger) than females (the fingers are about the same length in females). The ratio does not change much with age.
The digit ratio is calculated by measuring the lengths of the index and ring fingers from the midpoint of the lowest crease (where they join the hand) to the fingertip, and then by dividing the index finger length by the ring finger length. Grant Tomkinson, author provided
There is some indirect evidence that the digit ratio is determined during early fetal development – as early as the second trimester of pregnancy – by the balance between the steroid hormones testosterone and estrogen. The developing ring finger has a high number of receptors for testosterone: the more testosterone the fetus produces, the longer the ring finger, and so the lower the digit ratio.
Our research team wanted to take this finger research a step further: could the differences predict athletic ability, and, if so, how?
Digit ratios and sports
In general, those with lower digit ratios – that is, those whose ring fingers are relatively longer than their pointers – are more likely to perform better across a very wide range of sports and athletic events. This was first illustrated in a detailed study of English professional football (soccer) players.
In 2001, researchers John Manning and Rogan Taylor showed that professional football players had lower digit ratios than nonathletes, first team players had lower ratios than reserve or youth team players, footballers who played for their country had lower ratios than those who hadn’t and those who played for their country more often (more caps) had lower ratios than those who played less often.
Although considerable variability exists across different activities, subsequent research has shown that people with low digit ratios tend to be better at American football (gridiron), basketball, fencing, handball, kabaddi (an Indian contact sport), rowing, rugby, running (both sprinting and cross-country), slalom skiing, sumo wrestling, surfing, swimming, tennis and volleyball.
While the relationship between digit ratio and sports performance is generally stronger in males than in females, important relationships have been seen in females. For example, we published a study in 2015 showing that females with lower ratios rowed substantially faster at the Australian Rowing Championships than females with higher ratios.
The relationships have also generally been stronger for athletes who compete in closed-skill sports (stable, predictable, self-paced environments such as rowing, running, swimming) than athletes who compete in open-skill sports (unstable, unpredictable, externally paced environments such as basketball, football, volleyball). This is probably because single traits, such as the digit ratio, are not usually favorably related to open-skill sports performance because numerous factors determined by the collective actions of all players, not the individual, are involved in sporting success.
Nonetheless, in a recent study of Australian basketball players, we showed that men with lower ratios were more likely to reach higher competitive levels and play at the Olympic Games.
Tomkinson’s son, Jordan, playing high school basketball for the Sacred Heart Eagles (East Grand Forks, Minnesota), author provided.
Another interesting finding is that the right digit ratio is apparently more sensitive to fetal steroid hormones than is the left digit ratio. This might be why the right ratio is sometimes better related to athletic performance.
Why are people with lower digit ratios better athletes?
While the digit ratio itself does not confer a sporting advantage, it is thought to be a biomarker of fetal testosterone, which has powerful, long-term effects on the developing body and brain. For example, it influences the growth and development of several organs, including the brain, heart, muscles and bones, which are important for sports and athletic performance.
Studies have shown that people with lower digit ratios tend to have better visual-spatial and cognitive ability, presumably due to better development of the right side of the brain. These abilities are important in sports where athletes have to follow the flight of the ball, read the play and make tactical decisions.
Mental toughness also plays an important role in sporting success. Mentally tough athletes have an insatiable desire to succeed, have unshakable confidence, are highly motivated and adapt well to stressful situations. A study of British athletes in 2011 found that those with low ratios were mentally tougher, more determined, more confident and more optimistic.
Physical fitness is an important determinant of success in many sports and athletic events. Favorable links between digit ratio and cardiorespiratory endurance and muscular strength have been found in males. In a recent study of Minnesotan high school boys, we found that those with lower ratios had better hand-grip strength (irrespective of age and body size) than their peers with higher ratios. Physical fitness is also an important indicator of good health, suggesting that people with low ratios are healthier.
The digit ratio is also assumed to be a good measure of adult steroid hormones because of its link with fetal steroid hormones. While there is little evidence to support this, men with low ratios do, however, experience more marked spikes in testosterone during challenge situations, such as those experienced during competitive sport. Males with low digit ratios also tend to be more aggressive and take more risks.
The ConversationThe long and short of it? Sporting success is in your hands.
Grant Tomkinson, Professor, University of North Dakota and Makailah Dyer, Graduate Student, University of North Dakota
Why don't poisonous frogs poison themselves?
Frog Face 2
Photo: (Delfi de la Rua via
This week the global pharmaceutical giant Novartis has just got USFDA approval for a new class of leukemia treatment that uses a patient's own blood cells to combat cancer.
The agent is called Kymriah and targets a blood cancer called acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one of the leading causes of childhood cancer.
In other news, why don't poison dart frogs poison themselves?
For thousands of years, indigenous tribes in Columbia have smeared their blow darts and arrows with secretions from the poison dart frog's skin.
These secretions contain chemicals called batrachotoxins, which the animals pick up from centipedes and other insects in their diet.
Now scientists have isolated some genetic differences in these frogs that protect them from the ill effects of the poisons stored within their own body.
Dr Chris Smith of The Naked Scientists brings us the latest from the world of science news and research.
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22 Aug 2015
China's streaming stars
From This Way Up, 12:40 pm on 22 August 2015
One of China's streaming stars.
One of China's streaming stars. Photo: BBC - screenshot
Celia Hatton enters the strange world of China's performance websites, where singers and other performers can earn big bucks and attract millions of online viewers every day.
The appeal to these budding music stars is obvious; a huge online global audience and no expensive studios or production facilties needed, with many of them just doing their thing from home.
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do you know of any resources for art things for disabled or poor folks? (poor because lack of resources to get a hold of most comercially sold art supplies, disabled because I have Things I Don’t Have a Name For…
ada-adorable said:
I’ve been making things out of cardboard and paper lately! Because I have a lot of cardboard boxes and stuff around and it’s easy to just throw things together with tape. I’m not sure if this would be super helpful for everyone, but I like it because it’s a lot easier to work on projects when I don’t have to buy or choose fancy supplies. It’s a lot easier to just try stuff out when you’re literally working with scraps of cardboard that would otherwise go in the trash.
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Press release
Red Hat's Geek World Contest Makes the Real World Stranger than Fiction
Red Hat Software's latest attempt to dissuade anyone from thinking they were dealing with your garden variety techies is Geek World, a contest that will put six techies up in a coastal North Carolina beach house to be taped, touted and tested in a manner the likes of which the world hasn't seen since Puck got kicked out of the Real World.
These fine accommodations are only the beginning of the gifts and distinctions that will be showered upon the winners of Red Hat Software's Geek World contest. That's right, Red Hat is going to pry six Linux geeks away from their altruistic ends to enjoy seven days of idol worship and hedonism in a beach house in Wrightsville Beach, N.C. from May 22 to 29. Of course, because nothing is free in this world (with the exception of Linux source code), the winners will have to create and maintain a GeekWorld Web site for the duration of their stay.
The fun starts on April 26, when Red Hat will begin to post special Gnome footprints on their Web site, Contestants will have to go to the Red Hat Web site and find the Gnome footprint at least five of the ten days from April 26 to May 5. The winners will be whisked off to Raleigh, N.C. to be the belles of the bizarre at Linux Expo on Saturday, May 22. After some royal treatment and a grand send-off, the winners live in the lap of Linux-induced luxury in a beach house where their every nasal-nerdy laugh and gawky gaffe will be videotaped, photographed and documented for the world to see.
Further details of the contest are available at the Red Hat Linux portal, We'd be thrilled to get you in touch with the kooky folks at Red Hat who dreamed all this up. Just give us a call at (781) 684-0770 or email
About Red Hat
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The best winter fake tan hacks
How to master it like a pro
January. It's a month of many things: tight jeans, glum weather, no money... And if that wasn't all bad enough, there's the fact that your complexion is at its absolute palest.
Which is where a little fake tan comes in handy (or a nice hot holiday, depending on your bank post Christmas). But a DIY job at winter is often harder than we think, from how much is too much to choosing the perfect shade.
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We called on A-list tanner James Read for his top tricks and advice.
Halve it. It's obvious, but less is more in the winter, you don't want to be the one looking orange against everybody else's pale skin. I always suggest wearing the tan for half the time the bottle recommends in winter so you don't go too dark. If you're finding you still need more, you can always top up with my Wash Off Tan, £12.
Keep it smooth. You can't apply self-tan on dry skin, it just won't work so don't try and skip ahead. Central heating will leave your limbs drier, so the night before you tan, try using a hydrating mask for your face, and it goes without saying that you should be religiously applying a rich body moisturiser prior and post application, you're less likely to see cracking of tan or any fading patches if you do this.
We like: Origins Youth-Renewing Sheet Mask, £32 and Aveeno Daily Moisturising After-Shower Mist, £6
Scrub down. If you're wearing fake tan to every party and most weekend's, make sure you scrub off your old product before re-applying. Not many people do this, but if you don't, the colour builds up and looks unnatural and streaky.
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Opt for wash off. I've said it before, but I really believe in Wash Off Tan's. They will be your best friend throughout the season. You can build up the colour to reach your desired shade, and if you're not happy, it instantly washes off with water, so you'll never have a tan disaster. We also like: Vita Liberata Fabulous Illuminate Wash Off Body Bronzer - Medium, £9.95
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More From In Depth
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Children are imitators, so it is important to give them something healthy to imitate. Drugs are a harsh consequence of a person’s bad decisions, and if your child has an early education on the consequences of drugs then the chances of them staying away from drugs are higher. These days, children have access to a wide range of sources that are not monitored and could expose them to drugs and other inappropriate material. These materials include the Internet, Facebook, Twitter and even music. Yes, some of our new-age music is littered with reference to drugs and if you do not educate your children about what these drugs actually do to you, they will seek to find this out themselves.
It is therefore important to start the education fdrugsrom a young age. Be aware of all your actions- when handling medication one must ensure open communication. Teach your child not to use medicine without consent, and explain that some medicine can help whereas others should never be taken, perhaps even start teaching them about what ‘legal’ and ‘illegal’ are. Don’t make drugs a taboo subject in your home… this will make them more curious about what drugs actually are. Strike up conversation and ask them what they want to know about drugs and what they do to your body etc. Let them feel ok about asking you such things… it is natural to be curious… just not natural to indulge in illegal and life-threatening situations – explain this to them.
From there you can lead on to educating your child about smoking and drinking. It will not be hard to do considering they are exposed to it at restaurants, in your home or on the TV. If your child has enough insight to make a well-informed decision later on in life you are solving a potentially life threatening problem.
Some of the youth end up in jail or dead, and some in the less harsh but still serious rehabilitation centre. Prevention is a great method of treatment, so educate your children, this is not something you should just avoid because you believe it won’t happen to you or your family. Addiction can happen to anyone, at anytime, it does not discriminate… keep your children safe by being open about everything…
It’s not always a pleasant experience having to having to address drugs and drug abuse with our children, but in this instance being forewarned is definitely forearmed. You need to educate your children on the dangers of drugs and why they should avoid it at all costs.
It is difficult to beat a drug addiction, but not impossible. However why would you want to put yourself or your children through recovery and rehabilitation in the first place? It is always better to avoid drugs in the first place, and not expose yourself to the hurt and destruction that it can cause.
It never helps to just hide your head in the sand and believing that it wouldn’t happen to your family is not an effective strategy to protect your children against drugs. It is unfortunate that the times we live in have become so sick and twisted that many people now have to deal with addiction in their family.
More and more rehabilitation facilities have to take in children as young as nine for alcohol related addiction. This is tragic, and should and can be avoided by concerned parents who take an interest and active role in their children’s lives.
It will be up to you to make sure that your kids are educated about the dangers that drug and drug addictions pose to them. Also teach your children never to handle or take any medicine without consent, and explain to them why certain medicines should never be taken. Don’t make drugs an off limits topic in your home. Talk freely and open about it so that your children will feel like they are able to engage you in an open dialogue about the issue.
These are only some of the many ways you can go about protecting your children and educating them on drug use and abuse. If you or someone you love is struggling with addiction, then you have recourse to take. There is help available, and you just need to look for it. The help is there, you can access it and start rebuilding and reclaiming your life.
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How to I set Typo's Blog URL to be relative?
Hi all,
I’m running Typo 4.1.1 on my own server, but because of my modem
(Actiontec is really bad), I have to access my blog using the private
IP address of the server if I’m behind the modem, and my public IP
address from anywhere else. Normally this wouldn’t be so much of a
problem, except for this fact: when I set the “Blog URL” on the Typo
admin page to be the private IP, nobody who isn’t behind my modem can
access the links. But if I set it to be my external IP, I can’t
access the links from behind my modem.
So my question is, can I set the Blog URL to a relative url, and if
so, how?
Thanks in advance.
Hi Eamon,
A workaround – which works if your public IP also has a hostname –
is to use that hostname instead of the public IP, when not from home;
then, in your /etc/hosts file (or wherever Windows keeps the
equivalent file these days) you add an entry like this: insert-public-hostname-here
What this does is: it overwrites your machine’s default use of DNS
when looking up that particular hostname, and instead always goes to
localhost for it.
And then you configure the blog absolute URL:
If you don’t have a hostname and don’t want to buy an entire domain
for your public IP, ask someone to lend you a subdomain. That’s free
and easy. But normally your ISP should assign you a hostname too,
with that public IP.
Thanks for your response – but wouldn’t that work only if I’m
accessing the hostname from the server itself? In my case, I don’t
actually use the server for anything except, well, serving. So I need
to be able to do something like this for all the computers in the
house. Is this possible?
On May 24, 2007, at 8:09 AM, Alex D. wrote:
This is no longer related to Typo.
Yeah, sorry for getting off-topic.
towards ‘http://insert-public-hostname-here
Actually, the reason I have to go to all this trouble is because my
router doesn’t support that… I might just need to get a better router.
But back on the topic of Typo, it’s weird, because up until a few
days ago, it seemed that Typo was using relative urls, even though
the Blog URL was set to the server’s internal IP address. Then
suddenly none of the links were working from outside my house,
because it was linking to the server’s internal IP.
Anyway, thanks for your help.
This is no longer related to Typo. Anyway: the ‘hosts’ files which
need altering are on every machine in your house, and in that case,
instead of “” you need to use the server IP which is visible
from inside your house. Therefore, you’d need to add that line into
the respective ‘hosts’ files of all the computers in your LAN.
Alternatively, if you have access to the DNS server that you’re using
(for instance, if your router has this feature), you can set up this
pseudoroute inside that DNS; then all computers which it serves in
your house would be redirected to the internal IP when they navigate
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New partner training
Scanshare is proud to announce a new partner in the Middle East, Africa and South East Asia area: InfoFort, an Aramex company, after they successfully attended the technical training program.
About InfoFort
Secure Information Management Solutions
InfoFort is recognized a "Cool Vendor" by Gartner in their "Cool Vendors in Emerging Market 2016" report.
Mission Statement
To lead innovation in digital transformation solutions that enable organizations to digitize, automate and modernize.
Purpose Statement
To enable and contribute to economic growth and progress through unlocking the value and potential of data.
Information Management
At InfoFort we talk about information and “Information Management”. Information is such a powerful word and provides massive opportunities. Information is everywhere around us. It can be on paper, transformed from paper to digital, created digitally; can reside on a DVD, a tape, hard drive, a server, a cloud network; can be stored physically and electronically; can be archived and retrieved; can be persevered and purged; Information is everywhere and it is unstructured by nature.
Information Management is what defines InfoFort and governs its solutions that aim to structure Information and help InfoFort’s clients meet the global challenges, needs and demands for security, confidentiality, accessibility, compliance, resilience, business continuity, disaster recovery and preservation.
InfoFort covers the entire gamut of the Information Management industry. InfoFort is your trusted partner in document and information management solutions.
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TY - JOUR T1 - Testing and Characterization of Ceramic Thermal Barrier Coatings AU - Bartsch, Marion AU - Baufeld, Bernd AU - Dalkiliç, Serdar AU - Mircea, Iulian JF - Materials Science Forum VL - 492-493 SP - 3 EP - 8 SN - 1662-9752 PY - 2005 PB - Trans Tech Publications DO - 10.4028/www.scientific.net/MSF.492-493.3 UR - https://www.scientific.net/MSF.492-493.3 KW - Damage Accumulation KW - Interfacial Fracture Toughness KW - Lifetime Assessment KW - Realistic Testing KW - Thermal Barrier Coating (TBC) KW - Thermal Gradient KW - Thermal Mechanical Fatigue AB - This paper gives a short overview of tests applied for the investigation of long term behaviour of thermal barrier coating systems. A variety of tests has been conducted on an exemplary material system with the coatings applied by electron beam physical vapour deposition. Damages and damage evolution in different tests are compared. Since the observed damage mechanisms are different, it is proposed to design laboratory tests as realistic as possible, especially if the test data are used for lifetime assessment. In order to get reasonable testing times, the damage accumulation has to be described as a function of loading history, long time before failure. For the case of final failure by spallation of the ceramic top coat, it is proposed to use the apparent interfacial fracture toughness as damage parameter. Several methods for measuring the apparent fracture toughness of brittle coatings are discussed with respect to their application to thermal barrier coating systems. ER -
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Edge Of Bed, On His Lap
Edge Of Bed, On His Lap
You know those super sensual moments in your life where everything goes quiet and your focus narrows down to a single person? Well, this sex position is sure to please if so. The Edge of the Bed, On His Lap position gets you both to engage and shut off the world around you. Nothing else does it quite this way. So shut of your iPhone, tune into each other, and get one step closer to that orgasm you both crave.
Him: Sit on the edge of your bed with your legs spread. Also, brace yourself on your bed. Hike your feet up onto your toes. You’ll love this sexy position.
Her: Climb on top of your man. Squat down on his junk and brace yourself on his thighs. Look him square in the eye and embrace this special moment.
Why It Rocks: The Edge of the Bed on His Lap sex position will get you both tuned into each other and closer to that special moment.
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The USD/CHF is Limited in a Recent Range
Technical Reports
Stance of trading is neutral, as the pair is staying in range above support 0.9698. Correction from 1.0037 has completed to 0.9698. Pivot points are at: (S1) 0.9721; (P) 0.9768; (R1) 0.9805.
Overcoming of 0.9698 will widen the correction to 61.8% retracement of 0.9420 to 0.1.0037 at 0.9656. Trading above 0.9844 will back to the upside for 0.9977.
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Christmas 2018
Join us here at the Shaftesbury where we cook everything in our charcoal oven which gives unique flavour, texture and juiciness to all our Christmas food.
We can help you celebrate your work party, a festive gathering of friends or cosy revelry with your family.
Everything you need is here!
Drop in, pick up a menu and just have a chat.
Fear not, we have Christmas completely covered!
New Year's Eve
New Year's Day
Christmas Eve
Christmas Day
Boxing Day
Make An Enquiry
Gift Vouchers
The gift of the pub
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Main Menu
Wayne Lee to Speak at Louisiana Judicial College 2014 Evidence and Procedure Seminar
Wayne Lee will participate in the panel presentation "Simulations v. Animations - Demonstrative Evidence and Admissibility" at 1:00 p.m. The panel will discuss the difference between simulations and animations and lead a group discussion on the proper use of animations, exploring the pitfalls and issues that may arise in their use at trial. Additional information can be found here
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skip to Main Content
Negative Calories: Fact or Fiction?
Negative Calories: Fact Or Fiction?
Negative calorie foods, like apples, require more energy to digest than the amount of calories they contain, allowing you to burn fat while you eat…or so the theory suggests.
Oh, the fabled Negative Calorie…could we be so lucky? Yes, some claim that certain foods actually require more calories to digest than they contain. Therefore, the body has to work hard at breaking down these foods and extracting the calories – so you burn fat in the process. For example, the average apple contains 81 calories, yet requires 110 calories to digest. It sounds reasonable—inspiring, even.
But there are others who say that the Negative Calorie theory is just another fad used to sell diet books and generally misinform people about the true nature of nutrition. There is in fact little scientific data to support the claim that eating some foods can actually help you burn fat while you consume them.
So, the Negative Calorie claim is controversial, to say the least, and it would appear that the jury is still out on what the truth is. Either way, it’s safe to say that consuming a diet rich in vegetables and fruits can only benefit your health. In one scientific study at the University of California, for example, researchers studied a group of men over 40 with heart disease who consumed a strictly vegetarian diet. They did not lessen calorie intake or limit the serving sizes or even adhere to any exercise program. Remarkably, the subjects lost an average of 20 pounds just by changing their diets to include a higher percentage of vegetables and fruit.
What foods should you add (while subtracting calories) to your diet?
Whether you believe the Negative Calorie theory or not, the following list of “Negative Calorie” fruits and veggies are chock full of nutritional value and will fill you up…which will ultimately keep you satisfied longer and help you lose weight in the long run. Pick your favorites and consider adding more into your diet!
Suzanne Schaper
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The ultimate threat to forests
General coordination: Ricardo Carrere
Cover design: Flavio Pazos
© World Rainforest Movement and Friends of the Earth
World Rainforest Movement
Maldonado 1858, Montevideo, Uruguay
ph: +598 2 413 2989, fax: +598 2 410 0985
web site:
friends of the earth international
secretariat po box 19199, 1000 gd amsterdam, the netherlands
tel: 31 20 622 1369. fax: 31 20 639 2181
web site:
This publication is also available in Spanish
The contents of this publication can be reproduced totally or parcially without prior
authorization. However, the World Rainforest Movement should be duly accredited
and notified of any reproduction.
Published in December 2004.
ISBN: 9974-7853-1-6
The elaboration of this publication contents was made possible with support from
NOVIB, Hivos (The Netherlands), the Swedish Society for Nature Conservation,
and Friends of the Earth. The views expressed, the information and material
presented, and the geographical and geopolitical designations used
in this product, exclusively imply the opinion of the authors.
Printed in I. Rosgal S.A. Legal Deposit N° 330349/04
The ultimate threat to forests
Chris Lang
World Rainforest
Friends of the Earth International, founded in 1971, is a federation of
autonomous environmental organizations from all over the world. FoEI
social issues, while simultaneously catalyzing a shift toward sustainable
societies. FoEI is united by the common conviction that environmentally
sustainable development requires both strong grassroots activism and effective
national and international campaigning. The FoE International Secretariat is
headquartered in Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
The World Rainforest Movement, established in 1986, is an international
them. The WRM International Secretariat is headquartered in Montevideo,
Uruguay, while its European support office is based in Moreton-in-Marsh,
United Kingdom.
Table of Contents
Genetically modified trees: a step forward … in the wrong direction
Ricardo Carrere and Simone Lovera
2:Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
1.Faster growing GM trees will not help take pressure
2.GM trees cannot help reverse climate change.........................
3.Genetically modifying trees for reduced lignin is no solution
4.Insect-resistant GM trees will not lead to reduced
5.Herbicide-tolerant GM trees will not lead to reduced
6.GM trees will not clean up pollution.........................................
8.GM elm trees are no solution to Dutch elm disease.................
10.Do scientists know what they are doing?
3:A web of actors: Some of the research institutions and
companies involved
International Union of Forest Research Organisations
Tree Genomics, Biotechnology and Breeding Programme,
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Department of Plant Sciences, Oxford University,
4:Legislation, regulation and market forces
Convention on Biodiversity (Cartagena Protocol)....................
World Trade Organisation (SPS Agreement)............................
5:Resistance is fertile: Protests against GM trees.............................
Genetically modified trees: a step forward … in
the wrong direction
The debate on Genetically Modified Organisms (GMOs) has until now largely
focused on agricultural crops and much less on genetically modified trees.
This is understandable, given the fact that there are already several GM crops
being commercially grown in many places of the world and given that many of
them are aimed at directly or indirectly feeding human beings, whose health
is thus potentially threatened.
However, that does not mean that GM trees are less dangerous. On the
contrary, the dangers posed by GM trees are in some ways even more serious
than those posed by GM crops. Trees live longer than agricultural crops,
which means that changes in their metabolism may occur many years after
they are planted. At the same time, trees are also different from crops in that
they are largely undomesticated and scientists’ knowledge about forest
ecosystems is poor. This implies that the ecological and other potential risks
associated with GM trees are far greater than in the case of crops.
In spite of the uncertainties and potential risks, forestry scientists are busily
playing with genes to "improve" trees. Of course, what they do in reality is to
change some of the trees' characteristics to better serve the interests of
those that fund their research, in order to improve the profitability of the
businesses involved.
But from a biological perspective there is no improvement whatsoever. Is a
tree with less lignin better or worse than a normal one? It is clearly worse,
given the resulting loss of structural strength which makes it susceptible to
extensive damage during wind storms. Is a herbicide-resistant tree an
"improvement"? It is not, for it allows extensive herbicide spraying that affects
the soil on which it stands, at the same time as it destroys local flora and
impacts on wildlife. Is a flowerless, fruitless and seedless tree of any use to
living beings? It does not provide food to myriad species of insects, birds and
species that depend on these as food. Is a tree with insecticide properties an
improvement? It is a dangerous hazard to many insect species, which are
themselves part of larger food chains.
The fact is that genetically engineering trees constitutes a further step forward
… in the wrong direction.
From an industrial profit-making perspective, forests have been consistently
perceived as "untidy" and having "low productivity". For many years, forestry
scientists and foresters were thus assigned the task of "improving" them.
The answer was to establish single-species plantations in straight rows and
equal spacing so as to obtain the largest possible quantity of wood per hectare.
Forests are thus progressively being replaced by monocultural stands of timber.
Different steps have been taken to "improve" forests. The first step was to
carry out research on appropriate trees for different environments and to select
those having better qualities for the intended purpose: wood production. The
UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) played a central role in this
respect, particularly in the case of Eucalyptus. Fast-growth, straight trunks,
few branches and adequate wood for industry were some of the chosen
qualities. The second step implied the adoption of the also FAO-backed entire
Green Revolution package: mechanisation, herbicides, chemical fertilisers,
pesticides. The following step was to carry out traditional genetic selection to
"improve" the plantations' performance in terms of wood yields, which was
soon followed by cloning of the "best" trees. From that reductionist perspective,
the obvious next step was to genetically modify trees.
It is precisely this large-scale tree monoculture model which is being
increasingly challenged by local communities and organizations throughout
the world because of its negative social and environmental impacts. GM tree
plantations will only exacerbate those impacts. Water will be depleted more
quickly by faster-growing trees; biodiversity will be further destroyed in
biological deserts containing trees engineered to be insect resistant, flowerless,
fruitless and seedless; the soil will be destroyed at a faster rate through
higher biomass extraction, intensive mechanization and increased
agrochemical use; more communities will be deprived of their means of
livelihoods and displaced to make way for even more of these "green deserts".
In spite of that, forestry scientists are pushing forward, not only at the laboratory
and controlled trial level but also in the field as in the case of China, where
well over one million insect resistant GM poplars have already been planted.
No one knows the exact area planted with GM trees in China and what makes
matters even worse is that it is very difficult to trace them, given that a GM
poplar tree looks much the same as any other poplar tree. Additionally, poplar
to another. As a result, GM poplar trees continue spreading out of control.
Instead of stopping dangerous experiments such as this, the response of GM
tree proponents is to use the same arguments of traditional plantation
promoters that state that "plantations are here to stay, whether we like it or
not." by simply substituting the word "plantations" with "GM trees".
That absurd and perverse type of reasoning can be applied to practically
everything. It would mean that biodiversity loss "is here to stay"; water scarcity
"is here to stay", climate change "is here to stay", poverty "is here to stay",
and gender inequity "is here to stay". Whether we like it or not.
However, we -as most people- believe that things can change, precisely when
people don't like how things are. That is why governments agree on environmental
conventions, human rights agreements, and covenants on Indigenous Peoples',
worker's, women's and children's rights, to mention but a few.
In the case of the Convention on Biological Diversity, it is clear that GMOs in
general and GM trees in particular, constitute a violation of the convention,
which obliges governments to take a precautionary approach towards
genetically modified organisms that may cause serious damage to biodiversity.
GM trees are also in violation of the spirit of the United Nations Forum on
Forests (UNFF), which was set up to protect the world's forests. It is clear
that GM trees pose the gravest of dangers to forest ecosystems and that the
UNFF should ban the release of GM trees.
What makes matters worse is that the Climate Change Convention has
explicitly allowed the inclusion of GM trees within the framework of the Kyoto
Protocol's Clean Development Mechanism. This means that this Convention
not only supports the expansion of monoculture tree plantations supposedly
to act as "carbon sinks", regardless of their negative social and environmental
impacts, but allows those same plantations to be composed of GM trees,
thus multiplying the impacts and adding new ones.
We therefore call upon all governments, especially the Parties to the
Framework Convention on Climate Change and its Kyoto Protocol, to ban the
release of GM trees.
The future is something that we build today. The world can go in one direction
or another. It is up to us and not "fate", or genetic technicians, to decide. If we
"don't like it" we can and must do something about it.
10 Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests
That is the aim of this book: to do something about this through information
and analysis-sharing on the GM trees issue and to thus serve as a tool for
people who are trying to steer the world in the right direction. Another world is
possible … whether the GM tree industry likes it or not.
Ricardo Carrere Simone Lovera
World Rainforest Movement Friends of the Earth International
What is genetic modification?
There is a fundamental difference between traditional breeding programmes
and genetic modification of plants. Using traditional breeding techniques, plant
breeders (whether they are farmers, foresters or laboratory researchers) can
only cross plants of the same species or of closely related species. It is not
possible to cross fish with eucalyptus trees, for example. Genetic modification
allows scientists to modify trees by inserting genetic material from another
of plant or animal altogether. Genetic modification, in other words, allows
scientists to insert fish genes into eucalyptus trees.
The genetic information required to build a complete organism from individual
cells is contained in a molecule inside cells called deoxyribonucleic acid
(DNA). The fact that the information stored in one organism’s DNA can be
read by any other organism, means that foreign DNA can change the way a
plant species grows, functions or reproduces, when it is inserted into the
plant’s cells.
A gene is a segment of DNA. Genetic modification involves inserting genetic
material from another species into a plant or modifying a plant’s genes by
manipulating the DNA molecule. The total genetic information in an organism
is called the genome.
Scientists have developed three techniques for inserting foreign DNA into
plants. The first technique involves coating gold particles with DNA and blasting
them into plant cells using a “gene gun”. John Sanford, Edward Wolf, Nelson
Allen and Theodore Klein, scientists at Cornell University, developed the first
gene gun. In 1983, Sanford and Wolf used an air rifle to shoot tungsten powder
into an onion. Cornell’s scientists patented the technology and subsequently
sold it to chemical giant DuPont, which had set up laboratories to work on
plants in the early 1980s.
A second technique is to use a bacterium, such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens,
which can transfer some of its DNA into plants. In nature, the bacterium
causes swellings, or cancers, on host plants and transfers part of its DNA
into host plant cells. Molecular biologists modify the bacterium so that it
12 Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests
contains the desired foreign DNA. Plant cells are then infected with the
bacterium and the foreign DNA is transferred to the host plant.
For example, New Zealand biotech company called Forest Research is
carrying out research into insect resistant GM trees. “What we have done in
the laboratory is taken out the nasty cancer-forming gene and replaced them
with our favourite piece of DNA,” Dr Julia Charity of Forest Research told the
New Zealand Herald. “We get the bacteria to take up the DNA by giving it an
electric shock. The cell walls open in absolute horror and the DNA shoots in
there . . . the bacteria acts like a shuttle and basically injects its DNA into the
plant cell,” Dr Charity explained.
A variation on this technique is to use the fact that some plant viruses insert
themselves into a host plant’s DNA. Scientists modify the plant virus by
removing the disease-causing genes and replacing them with the genes they
want to insert into the host cell. The plant is infected with the virus which then
expresses the foreign gene in the host plant.
A third technique is to insert the DNA into a plant protoplast, a plant cell
which has had its cell wall chemically removed. The desired DNA is located
on a plasmid vector (a self replicating DNA molecule) which is injected into
the protoplast. Plant cells are grown in tissue cultures and the vector inserts
the desired genes into the host plant’s genome.
None of these techniques is particularly precise and genetic modification can
have wildly unpredictable effects. The location of foreign genes in the genome
affects their function. Yet there is no way of knowing exactly where the foreign
gene might be inserted in the recipient cell’s genome. There is no way of
controlling how many copies of the DNA will be inserted or how much (or
whether) the foreign genes will affect the plant’s growth. Neither is there any
way of knowing whether the insertion will be stable. The foreign genes can
interact with the host plant’s genes in unexpected ways. “The process is
uncontrollable, unreliable and unpredictable”, as Mae-Wan Ho and Joe
Cummins of the Institute for Science in Society put it.
An experiment carried out by the Chinese Institute for Forestry illustrates the
problem. Scientists introduced genes from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis
to make poplar trees resistant to insects. The same genes were inserted into
all the trees, but scientists observed three different groups of results. In the
first group the trees were still affected by the insects. The second group of
trees were insect resistant but the leaves were more yellow and smaller than
usual. In the third group, the trees grew normally and were resistant to the
insects. Two years later, however, insects which were previously unknown as
pests in poplar trees attacked the trees.
Brian Tokar, editor of the book Redesigning Life?, points out that adding genes
from viruses to a plant can increase the instability of a plant’s genome. Genes
which are needed for the normal functioning of the plant may be switched off,
or silenced. Viral vectors raise the possibility of further transfer of genes to
unrelated organisms. GM viruses can combine with other viruses to form new
infectious viruses and diseases.
Cloned trees are not necessarily genetically modified. Cloning uses part of a
plant to make an exact copy of the original plant and involves no change to
the DNA of the plant. Often described as “genetically improved” trees, clones
are reproduced from selected parent trees showing a desired trait (such as
fast growth, straight stems, fewer branches or whatever trait scientists were
looking for). Cloning allows forestry scientists to do something which is
impossible in nature: the mass production of trees that are genetically identical
to one parent tree.
The simplest form of cloning, which farmers and gardeners have been doing
for centuries, is to take a cutting from a plant.
Tissue culture involves growing plant tissue in a laboratory where all inputs
such as nutrients, hormones, water and oxygen can be carefully controlled.
Somatic embryogenesis is a recently developed process in which scientists
grow embryos from the non-reproductive cells of trees. Tissue cultures or
embryos can be frozen, allowing researchers to test the material and then
defrost the best specimens.
Forestry scientists also use various techniques, including DNA sequencing,
gene mapping and gene function studies to match a particular trait, such as
fast growth, with DNA sequences. Genetic maps could help tree breeders by
identifying the trait out of the huge variation in different trees. For example,
researchers at the University of California-Davis in the US are using genetic
maps to chart which parts of a tree’s genes control traits such as fast growth.
The next step is to breed trees (or genetically modify them) for these identified
traits, using the information in the genetic maps.
14 Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests
While not in itself involving genetic modification, much research into trees at
the genetic level is carried out with an eye on future genetic modification. For
example, Forest Research, a biotech forestry firm in New Zealand, is carrying
out research into how trees produce lignin, the glue that holds wood cells
together and makes trees strong. Among Forest Research’s long term goals
is to produce GM trees with reduced lignin, or lignin that is more easily removed
during the pulping process. Scientists at Forest Research are working on a
technique to genetically modify wood cells to introduce specific genes and to
analyse the effect on wood cell development.
Companies working on producing a genetically modified tree often also produce
“genetically improved” tree clones, using tissue culture and somatic
embryogenesis. The sale of these trees provides an income for the company
its scientists are working on GM tree development. It can also act as a
commercial back up plan, in case the GM tree research fails.
In 2003, scientists at a Tree Biotechnology meeting in Sweden proposed
setting up a “Eucalypt Genome Initiative”. The beneficiaries of this research
are clear from the list of pulp and paper companies that expressed an interest:
Aracruz, Nippon Paper, Sappi, Mondi, ArborGen, Stora Enso, Suzano and
Oji Paper.
Indeed, much of the research that scientists are conducting into GM trees is
primarily of interest to the pulp and paper industry. Faster growing GM trees
would in theory allow pulp mills to grow more fibre more quickly. Herbicide
tolerance was one of the key areas of initial research into GM trees. Scientists
have engineered insect resistant GM poplar, larch, white spruce and walnut
trees. Scientists in Japan have produced GM eucalyptus trees which can
grow in salty soils. GM trees with reduced lignin would make the pulping
process less polluting, which would be useful for pulp industry public relations.
Researchers are working on GM disease resistant trees. Large scale
monoculture plantations are particularly susceptible to diseases. GM trees
is also interested in research into GM trees with more uniform fibre, fewer
branches and straighter trunks.
Researchers are also looking into ways of engineering trees to absorb and
store more carbon, as a supposed solution to climate change. Others are
working on engineering trees to clean up pollution. Physicist Freeman Dyson
has even suggested that within 50 years, scientists will be able to genetically
engineer trees to make Mars habitable, making it an attractive destination for
space tourists.
Since the first GM poplars were planted in Belgium in 1988, there have been
several hundred field trials of GM trees – the majority in the US. Two years
ago, China’s State Forestry Administration approved GM poplar trees for
commercial planting. Well over one million insect resistant GM poplars have
now been planted in China.
The GM trees are part of the government’s plan to cover 44 million hectares
with trees by 2012, supposedly in an attempt to prevent floods, droughts and
spreading deserts. Chinese forestry scientists see GM trees as a technical
fix to the serious damage that insects cause to tree plantations in China.
“Recent research on insect-resistant forest tree breeding shows considerable
promise,” wrote Wang Lida, Han Yifan and Hu Jianjun of the Chinese Academy
of Forestry in a recently published book (Molecular Genetics and Breeding of
Forest Trees edited by Sandeep Kumar and Matthias Fladung).
But neither the government nor the scientists who produced the GM trees
have any records of where the trees have been planted.
Huoran Wang represents the Chinese Academy of Forestry in Beijing on the
UN Food and Agriculture Organisation’s Panel of Experts on Forest Gene
Resources. In November 2003, Wang told an FAO meeting that “Poplar trees
not be prevented.” Attempts to prevent genetic pollution by maintaining “isolation
added. There isn’t even a system in place to monitor the GM plantations that
The dangers posed by GM trees are in some ways even more serious than
those posed by GM crops. Trees live longer than crops, they are largely
undomesticated and forestry scientists’ knowledge about fragile forest
ecosystems is poor. The risks involved are serious enough to justify the demand
for a global ban on releases of GM trees.
16 Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests
The origins of GM trees
The development of genetically modified trees can be traced back to the mid-
eighteenth century in Europe and the invention of scientific forestry. The purpose
of scientific forestry was to produce a single product: timber.
Simplification of forests and ever increasing state and forest department control
over forest land went hand in hand with colonisation in the tropics. The vast
monoculture tree plantations marching across the Global South are the most
extreme form of this model of forestry. The companies backing GM tree
research are interested in the supply of large quantities of cheap, homogenous
wood fibre to feed their pulp mills. Genetic modification of trees is forestry
science’s latest offering to its industrial masters.
GM trees are designed to be planted in large, monoculture, industrial tree
plantations. These plantations have serious impacts on people and forests
and GM trees will increase these impacts. Local people’s names for industrial
tree plantations illustrate the problems that this model of forestry causes. In
Thailand, farmers call eucalyptus the “selfish tree”, because eucalyptus
plantations remove nutrients from the soil and consume so much water that
farmers cannot grow rice in neighbouring fields. Mapuche Indigenous People
in Chile refer to pine plantations as “planted soldiers”, because they are green,
in rows and advancing. In Brazil, tree plantations are called a “green desert”,
and in South Africa, “green cancer”.
Throughout the Global South people and organisations have formed networks
opposing industrial tree plantations on their land. In Brazil, a group of more
than 100 organisations consisting of villagers, indigenous peoples, workers,
trade unionists and environmentalists has formed the Alert Against the Green
Desert Network. The Network opposes the encroachment of villagers’ land by
monoculture plantations for pulp and charcoal production. In April this year,
the Movement of Landless Peasants (MST) in Brazil protested against the
pulp and paper industry’s take over of vast tracts of land. Landless people
occupied areas of industrial tree plantations owned by the pulp and paper
companies Veracel, Klabin, VCP, Aracruz and Trombini.
In Thailand, villagers have rallied outside town halls, marched in their
thousands, pulled up trees and burned down local forestry officials’ houses in
protest against industrial tree plantations.
GM trees, if commercially developed, would intensify the problems associated
with industrial tree plantations. Local people’s opposition to GM tree plantations
would therefore also be greater.
The next section of this book counters some of the arguments used by
proponents of GM trees to promote further research and development of GM
Section 3 describes some of the companies, research institutions and
networks behind the development of GM tree technology. Like any other
technology, research into GM trees is not neutral. Among the questions that
we need to ask about this new technology are: Who is carrying out the
research? Who is paying the researchers? Who stands to benefit? And who
faces the risks? Ask yourself whether you trust scientists funded by pulp and
paper companies to tell the truth about the dangers of GM trees, especially
when the results of their research will primarily benefit the pulp and paper
Section 4 explains some of the international and national regulations and
legislation. Unfortunately, much of the legislation is inadequate to control the
development of GM trees.
The final section outlines some of the campaigns and actions that people
have already taken against GM trees. People around the world are saying
“NO” to GMOs. Resistance against GM trees is growing!
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests18
2:Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t
make sense
Proponents of genetically modified trees try to convince others that the research
into GM trees is a neutral technology developed by scientists to solve some
of the world’s problems. They put forward a series of arguments which deflect
attention from the problems associated with GM trees and industrial models
of forestry, including monoculture tree plantations.
Steven Strauss is a professor of molecular and cellular biology and of genetics
at the Department of Forest Science at Oregon State University. He is one of
the world’s leading researchers into GM trees. In 2001, Strauss and colleagues
at the Oxford Forestry Institute wrote that discussions about GM trees tend
to be “highly polarized”:
In debate, the arguments often shade from biological to ideological,
depending on the worldview of the participant. Those against intensive
management for wood production, who feel genetic modification is
unacceptably unnatural or who object to the highly patent-intensive
and thus corporate role in genetic modification, tend to dislike it. Those
who believe that growing more wood on less land is an important
environmental as well as economic goal, and who accept a continuing
major role for technology and large corporations in forestry and
agriculture, tend to favor it.
This statement also reveals much about Strauss’ worldview and that of his
middle-class, male, Northern, highly qualified colleagues. This is a worldview
that has little in common with the reality faced by villagers who have lost land
and livelihoods to massive industrial tree plantations in the Global South. Or
with plantation workers who have seen their co-workers and friends poisoned
by the excessive amount of pesticides they have to spray on the plantations.
Or with workers who produce charcoal from eucalyptus in horrific conditions
in Brazil.
The arguments in favour of GM trees do not address the concerns of villagers
living near plantations. Neither are the arguments aimed at anyone who has
ever listened to villagers describing their problems since a pulp and paper firm
covered their land with a monoculture tree plantation. Instead, GM proponent’s
arguments are aimed at poorly informed readers who have never seen a
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
monoculture industrial tree plantation, or if they have, then it was with officials
from the firm managing the plantation.
GM tree proponents never discuss land rights, or the rights of local
communities to manage their own resources. They do not talk about reducing
demand for timber products, such as paper, or the fact that the demand is
largely from the North. Their arguments are aimed at deflecting attention from
these issues.
1.Faster growing GM trees will not help take
pressure off native forests
The argument that planting faster growing GM trees means “growing more
wood on less land” appears at a first glance to be convincing. GM tree
proponents argue that since world demand for timber products is rising, if
more wood is produced in faster-growing GM tree plantations then less will
need to be cut in native forests.
However, this overlooks the reality of establishing plantations, particularly in
the South. Industrial tree plantations and pulp mills provide few jobs, but
destroy local livelihoods. People are forced to move away, including to new
forests where they clear land for farming.
Tree plantations are often established after native forests have been destroyed.
In Sumatra, for example, vast areas of forests have been cleared to feed pulp
and paper mills. To replace the clearcut forests, the pulp mills are establishing
acacia plantations. Asia Pulp and Paper’s Indah Kiat pulp and paper mill in
Riau province has a production capacity of 1.8 million tons of pulp and 654,000
tons of paper. Unresolved land rights conflicts exist on more than 50,000
hectares of APP’s concessions. In an attempt to address its serious problems
with maintaining fibre supply in the future, Indah Kiat is reported to be working
in collaboration with the University of Beijing on GM tree research.
Fast growing tree plantations produce wood that is suitable for the pulp and
paper industry, for charcoal or for pit props. Producing more fibre for the pulp
industry will not change the demand for high quality decorative tropical
hardwoods for the construction industry, which come largely from native forests.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests20
Demand for timber is not the only cause of deforestation. Forests are opened
up by roads, submerged by hydropower dams, or cut down for cash crops
(such as soya) or cattle ranching. Mining and oil extraction in forests is
massively damaging both for the forests and the people that live there. Creating
new industrial tree plantations has no affect whatsoever on this destruction.
Any large corporation must continually expand in order to repay debt and
investment costs and to keep shareholders content. Aracruz Cellulose is the
world’s largest producer of bleached eucalyptus pulp, with 31 per cent of
world market share. The eucalyptus trees which feed Aracruz Cellulose’s
pulp mills in Brazil have been bred for fast growth for three decades. Aracruz’s
monoculture plantations consist of some of the fastest growing trees in the
world. But Aracruz continues to expand both its pulp production and its area
of plantations, putting more pressure on local people’s livelihoods and what
little remains of the Mata Atlantica forest in the area. Aracruz is also carrying
out research into GM trees.
Trees genetically modified for fast growth are likely to consume even more
water than the trees currently used in industrial tree plantations, which will
more dried up wells. Nutrients will be removed from the soil more quickly,
requiring more chemical fertilizers. GM trees will grow faster than native trees
and could be highly invasive of surrounding forests, crowding out vegetation
and destroying habitat for the animals, birds, insects and fungi that have
evolved to live in native forests.
Proponents of industrial plantations and GM trees assume that ever-increasing
demand for timber products is an unalterable fact. They ignore the fact that
most of the pulp produced in the South is to feed demand in the North. Aracruz,
for example, exports 95 per cent of its pulp. Per capita paper consumption in
Germany is 70 per cent of that in the US. On average, people in Vietnam
consume two per cent of the amount of paper consumed by people in the US.
Literacy rates in the US, Germany and Vietnam are almost identical.
Almost 40 per cent of paper is used for packaging. Sixty per cent of the
space in US newspapers is taken up by adverts. In 2002, Jukka Härmälä,
Stora Enso’s chief executive officer, explained in a presentation titled “Achieving
our Growth Ambitions” that the key factor in increased paper demand was
increased spending on advertisements in newspapers and magazines. Ever
increasing paper consumption is neither necessary nor inevitable.
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
2.GM trees cannot help reverse climate change
In December 2003, the ninth Conference of the Parties (COP-9) to the UN
Framework Convention on Climate Change reached a decision allowing
Northern companies and governments to establish plantations in the South
under the Kyoto Protocol’s “Clean Development Mechanism” (CDM). These
carbon sinks are intended to absorb carbon dioxide and to store carbon.
COP-9 allowed the use of plantations of GM trees as carbon sinks.
The idea that planting trees can help reverse climate change is based on the
false assumption that one ton of carbon released by burning coal or oil is the
same as one ton of carbon contained in a tree.
Carbon stored in the form of fossil fuel under the earth is stable and unless
corporations dig it out and burn it, it will not enter the atmosphere. Tree
plantations, in order to remain as a carbon store, have to be protected from
catching fire, from being destroyed by pests, diseases or being logged. Trees
have to be prevented from dying and rotting. Local communities have to be
persuaded not to try to reclaim the land they lost to the plantations by cutting
down the trees.
In terms of the impact on the climate, these are two different types of carbon
which cannot be added to, or subtracted from, each other.
Including GM trees in the CDM makes a bad situation worse. In 1993, Japanese
car manufacturer Toyota started field trials to test trees which had been
genetically modified to absorb more carbon. While carbon absorption increased,
Toyota’s scientists also noted a dramatic increase in water consumption.
3.Genetically modifying trees for reduced lignin is no
solution to pulp mill pollution
To produce bleached kraft pulp, trees are chipped, cooked under pressure,
washed and then bleached. Toxic chemicals are used in the cooking process
to remove lignin, a glue-like substance that holds wood cells together and
makes trees strong. As lignin causes yellowing of paper, any lignin remaining
has to be bleached.
Forestry scientists argue that by genetically modifying trees to have less
lignin they have found a way of making pulp mills less polluting. “The costly
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests22
portion of the pulp and paper making process, from both an economic and
environmental perspective, is attributable to the removal of lignins. Therefore,
it is highly desirable to develop means by which lignin content is decreased,
or make lignins more extractable,” explained forestry scientists from Oxford
University and Oregon State University in a paper published in Plant
Biotechnology Journal in 2003.
The risks associated with reduced-lignin GM trees include trees which are
weakened structurally and which are more vulnerable to storms. Reduced-
lignin trees are more susceptible to viral infections. Reducing lignin can reduce
trees’ defences to pest attack, leading to increased pesticide use. Low-lignin
trees will rot more readily, with serious impacts on soil structure and ecology.
If reduced-lignin GM trees were to cross with forest trees these impacts would
not be limited to plantations. Although reduced lignin GM trees might be less
competitive than native trees, the GM trees would be planted in vast numbers.
If the plantation was near to a small population of native trees of the same
species, the GM trees could overwhelm the reproduction of same-species
native trees. Trees that cannot resist storms and which are at risk from attack
by pests and viral infections could take over ecosystems and wipe out same-
species native trees locally. They could also lead to a rapid increase in insect
Focusing narrowly on lignin as the cause of pollution from pulp mills, GM
proponents can argue that reducing the amount of lignin in trees is a reasonable
solution. They overlook other possible solutions such as using crops like
hemp which have lower levels of lignin than trees. Growing plantations of GM
trees with reduced lignin fail to address any of the environmental and social
problems that industrial plantations cause to local communities. Rather than
asking questions about the nature of the global pulp and paper industry for
which they are working, forestry scientists are asking whether genetically
modifying trees for reduced lignin will work.
4.Insect-resistant GM trees will not lead to decreased
pesticide use
Monoculture tree plantations face a permanent threat of insect attack. When
that happens, the only solution is very often to apply chemical pesticides.
Biotechnology offers the possibility of GM trees that are insect resistant,
usually achieved by introducing genes from the bacterium Bacillus
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
thuringiensis (Bt). The resulting GM trees produce their own insecticide, which
kills insects that try to feed from the tree. Scientists at Forest Research in
New Zealand have genetically modified radiata pine in this way. GM tree
proponents claim that this development will lead to less need to spray
plantations with pesticides.
However, pests are more likely to develop resistance to an insecticide that is
always present. Genetically modified Bt cotton has been widely planted in
China. While it has initially led to reduced pesticide use, there are signs that
the cotton bollworm is developing resistance to Bt cotton. Liu Xiaofeng from
Henan Agriculture Department’s cotton office recently told Reuters that the
bollworm would no longer be affected by genetically modified Bt cotton trees
in six or seven years’ time.
If pests became resistant to GM insecticide producing trees, plantation
managers’ “solution” would be to spray yet more pesticides.
Until pests develop resistance, GM Bt trees may have an advantage over
forest trees which are vulnerable to insect attack, thus increasing the risks of
Bt trees invading surrounding forests. If they did so, GM Bt trees would disrupt
insect population dynamics in natural forests as well as in plantations.
5. Herbicide-tolerant GM trees will not lead to
decreased herbicide use
In 1995, Monsanto produced a herbicide-tolerant GM eucalyptus in Brazil.
“We estimated that the modification would cut weed-control costs in half and
would increase final yield by 10 per cent,” David Duncan, Monsanto’s former
head of forestry, told journalist Casey Woods in 2002. Scientists at Forest
Research in New Zealand have produced herbicide resistant GM spruce and
pine trees. The trees are currently being tested in field trials.
Glyphosate is the active ingredient in Monsanto’s Roundup herbicide.
Monsanto boasts that its glyphosate products “are among the world’s most
widely used herbicides.” Monsanto describes its glyphosate herbicides as
“broad-spectrum, non-selective herbicides.” In other words, glyphosate
herbicides will kill just about anything green with which they come into contact.
As Viola Sampson of Eco-Nexus and Larry Lohmann of the Corner House
point out that “Trees genetically engineered to be tolerant of herbicides will
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests24
further entrench the use of the chemicals in corporate and state attempts to
create wooded landscapes free of ‘extraneous’ species.”
Plantations of GM herbicide-tolerant trees could result in increased use of
herbicides, for two reasons. First, the fact that the trees cannot be damaged
by the herbicide could encourage irresponsible use of herbicides by plantation
managers. GM tree plantations could be sprayed at any stage in the growth
of the tree.
Second, GM trees which are tolerant of Roundup are designed to be used in
plantations where Roundup is used as the herbicide. Using a single herbicide
to remove weeds increases the chances of the weeds developing resistance
to that herbicide. As scientists from the University of Abertay Dundee in
Scotland and the Max Plank Institut für Chemische Ökologie in Germany
explain, “Resistance to herbicides, such as Round-Up or glyphosate, the
most commonly quoted in anti-GM literature, can only become a significant
problem if we rely on it as a sole source of killing weeds”. The scientists are
advocating using a cocktail of chemicals to deal with weeds in plantations. In
this case, GM trees which are designed to be tolerant of a single herbicide
would be of little benefit.
Still more herbicides would be needed, if herbicide resistant GM trees were to
cross with related trees outside the plantation, or if herbicide resistant GM
trees were to spread outside plantations as weeds.
Herbicide tolerant weeds have started to appear in farmers’ fields. In 2003,
Bob Hartzler, Professor of Agronomy at Iowa State University, produced research
indicating that in the past seven years five weed species had become tolerant
of the herbicide glyphosate.
In Argentina, 11 million hectares have been planted with genetically modified
soya since 1996, covering half the country’s arable land. The GM soya is
resistant to Monsanto’s Roundup herbicide. Between 1996 and 2001 Monsanto
halved the price of Roundup in Argentina. Use of glyphosate in Argentina has
exploded, up from 13.9 million litres in 1997, to 150 million litres in 2003.
Farmers have to use more and more herbicides in an attempt to control weeds
which have also become tolerant of Roundup. As a result, in Colonia Loma
Senes in northern Argentina, livestock have died and small farmers have lost
their crops as pesticide spray spread from neighbouring GM fields. Families
report skin rashes and smarting eyes.
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
In response to criticism of GM soya use in the country, Argentina’s council
for biotechnology, Argenbio, argued that GM soya has allowed farmers to
avoid using a cocktail of chemicals on their crops. Gabriela Levitus, the
executive director of Argenbio, told the UK’s Daily Telegraph that “damage
had been caused by some farmers’ reluctance to practice crop rotation, but
that would be true of any monoculture, whether the crop was genetically
modified or not”. However, GM soya seeds which grow after being dropped
during harvesting cannot be killed by applications of normal amounts of
Roundup. Syngenta has run adverts in Argentina stating “Soya is a weed”.
Syngenta suggested that a mixture of paraquat and atrazine should wipe out
the invasive GM soya.
6. GM trees will not clean up pollution
Scott Merkle and Richard Meagher at the University of Georgia have produced
GM cottonwood trees which can remove mercury from contaminated soil.
The scientists modified Escherichia coli bacterium genes and inserted them
into the cottonwood trees. The GM trees are designed to suck up the mercury
from the soil and release it to the atmosphere. In July 2003, the scientists
planted a field trial of 60 GM cottonwood trees at the site of a 19th century
hat-making factory in Danbury.
Professor Joe Cummins, a geneticist at the University of Western Ontario in
Canada, questions whether the GM trees will actually improve the situation.
“The mercury ‘remediation’ will . . . simply move the pollution to the atmosphere,
from which it will be redeposited over the cities of the Northeast and the lakes
and waterways of northern USA and Canada”, he wrote in Science in Society
magazine. “Such ‘remediation’ is no remediation at all, it is just moving the
problem from one place to another!” he concluded.
David Salt, of Northern Arizona University, expressed his concerns about
using trees to clean up pollution back in 1995. “Would we simply be exchanging
soil pollution for air pollution?” he asked.
7. Risks of genetic pollution
“Outcrossing”, the term that scientists use for trees in plantations crossing
with forest trees, is one of the biggest risks associated with field trials and
commercial plantations of GM trees. In a paper published in 2003, Malcolm
Campbell and colleagues at the Department of Plant Sciences at Oxford
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests26
University acknowledged this risk: “Because most [plantation] trees have an
abundance of wild or feral relatives, outcross, and display long-distance gene
flow via pollen and sometimes seed, there is likely to be considerable activist
and public concern about large-scale use of genetically engineered trees.”
Forestry scientists’ solution to outcrossing is to produce GM trees which will
not flower. The prospect of sterile monoculture plantations might look good
from the corporate perspective, but if the trees were indeed sterile, this would
mean thousands of hectares of trees without flowers, pollen, nuts or seeds.
No birds or insects could live in such a plantation and the biodiversity of the
plantation would be even lower than in today’s monoculture tree plantations.
Much has been written about “terminator” technology in food crops, in particular
the dangers it presents of allowing a small number of multinational corporations
to control the world’s food supply. Less discussed is whether the technology
actually works. There is not a single published study that investigates whether
sterile GM crops remain sterile under field conditions, according to Norman
Ellstarnd, a professor of genetics at the University of California.
Whether GM trees are in fact sterile, and would remain that way throughout
their lifetimes is almost impossible to prove. Trees have very long lifespans
and the only way of knowing that trees genetically engineered for sterility will
remain sterile for their entire lifespan is by repeatedly conducting trials lasting
the hundreds of years of a tree’s lifespan.
Scientists admit that there are problems with attempts to engineer sterile
trees. For example, Ron Sederof, a botanist at North Carolina State University,
and Simcha Lev-Yadun, a plant geneticist at the University of Haifa in Israel,
wrote in a letter to Nature Biotechnology:
The most common strategies to suppress gene flow are based on
suppression of genes essential for the development of reproductive
structures, especially pollen and seeds. These approaches are limited
in two ways. The first problem is that suppression of the activity of the
target genes may not be complete; and second, the transgenes
themselves may undergo gene silencing resulting in reversal of
The term “gene silencing” refers to the fact that genes can be switched on or
off at different times during a tree’s life, as a result of stresses such as extremes
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
of heat or cold, drought, storm, disease or pests. Ricarda Steinbrecher, co-
director of Econexus, a UK-based NGO, points out that “No risk assessment
can predict the interference that genetic engineering will have on the stress
response and the aging of trees.”
As Steinbrecher explains, scientists long since stopped discussing whether
it would be possible to prevent genes from GM plants from escaping into the
wild. Instead they are arguing about what the impact of the genetic pollution
might be, with many of them denying that there is a problem. For example,
Kevan Gartland from the University of Abertay Dundee in Scotland and
colleagues argue that “There is currently no clearly compelling evidence of
significant damage due to limited amounts of GM tree pollen being able to
spread within the environment.” The argument is disingenuous. Gartland and
colleagues need to refer to research which proves that GM trees are safe,
rather than point at a lack of evidence when few (if any) independent research
tests have been carried out. Moreover, it is hardly in the interests of the pulp
and paper industry (or the scientists whose work the industry supports) to
carry out research which might indicate a serious danger with GM trees.
Scientists at Oregon State University have monitored gene flow from non-GM
poplar plantations. They found gene flow from the plantation poplars took
place more than 10 kilometres away from the plantation. The researchers
consider that gene flow is inevitable if GM plants are grown close to their
relatives. Determining a “safe” distance from wild relatives is difficult, because
of the huge distances that pollen can travel. Pine tree pollen has been found
in India 600 kilometres from the nearest pine tree.
Some trees can re-grow from broken twigs and others send suckers up from
their roots. Seeds can float down rivers. Trees, whether genetically modified
or not do not respect international boundaries. It is conceivable that GM trees
(or genes from those trees) planted in one country could spread into
neighbouring countries, regardless of international legislation on importing
8. GM elm trees are no solution to Dutch elm disease
Scientists at the University of Abertay in Dundee, Scotland have produced
GM elm trees which are resistant to Dutch elm disease. In the US, scientists
at Cornell University are working on GM American chestnuts which are resistant
to chestnut blight fungus.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests28
The wild populations of both of these trees have in the past been devastated
by fungal diseases. Research which promises to replace trees almost
completely lost to the British and US landscapes is almost bound to be
popular with the public.
Some GM tree proponents see this type of research as a possibility to improve
the image of GM tree research with the public. For example, Don Doering, a
senior researcher with the World Resources Institute, a Washington DC-
based think tank, told Science magazine that genetically modifying the
American chestnut to be resistant to blight fungus is an opportunity to “speak
directly” to the public to demonstrate biotech’s societal benefits.
However, if GM elms are designed to resist the latest outbreak of the fungus,
this is of little value if the fungus returns in a more destructive form. This has
happened in the past. Dutch elm disease appeared in the northwest of Europe
around 1910. Thirty years later the epidemic died down. In the 1960s it was
back. Europe’s elms had almost no resistance to the disease and millions of
trees were killed.
Moreover, the dangers with this sort of research are similar to those for any
other type of GM trees. The engineered genes might escape if the trees were
to breed with wild relatives. The results are unpredictable.
Another problem is that when forestry scientists breed trees, they produce
vast numbers of trees but with very narrow genetic diversity. For example,
Radiata Pine is one of the plantation industry’s favoured trees. There are four
million hectares planted with the tree worldwide, but only five radiata pine
forests left anywhere in the world: three on the Californian coast and two on
islands off the coast of Mexico. Scientists from Australia’s Commonwealth
Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) are desperately
collecting seeds from the few remaining wild radiata pine trees left. As CSIRO’s
Colin Matheson points out, “Australia’s radiata plantations are much less
diverse than the native populations although they occupy a much greater
GM breeding programmes (even more so than non-GM breeding programmes)
could lead to a similar squeezing of genetic diversity of elm and American
chestnut trees. In the long run this would make the trees more vulnerable to
disease rather than less.
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
9.Do GM trees make economic sense?
Apart from widespread public concern about GMOs in general, an important
reason why GM trees have not yet been commercially planted except in
China, is that GM trees simply do not make economic sense, at least for the
time being.
In 1999, Roger Sedjo of the conservative think tank Resources for the Future
wrote that “forestry is on the threshold of widespread introduction of genetic
engineering”. Sedjo estimated that herbicide tolerant GM trees could save
industry US$975 million a year worldwide. The source for the figure on which
Sedjo based his calculations of potential savings is a report produced by a
pro-biotech consulting company called Context Consulting (now called the
Context Network). When I asked Sedjo for a copy of the report, he replied, “I
don’t think it was publically [sic] available. . . . I guess I would suggest that
you contact the successor company to see if they will provide you with a full
copy of the study.” Context Network did not reply to my repeated requests for
the report.
In 2003, Sedjo was still using the same source for his estimates of the potential
economic benefits of GM tree plantations. Sedjo now seems a little sheepish
about his enthusiasm about the savings that herbicide tolerant trees could
present the plantation industry. “In more recent work, papers not yet in print .
. . I suggest reasons why that full potential is unlikely to be reached although
I don’t try to recalibrate the figure to provide an ‘actual’ estimate,” he told me.
In fact, several companies which were at one time involved in GM tree research
have since pulled out. Weyerhaeuser has apparently withdrawn from GM tree
research because of the long wait before the research will generate a profit.
“When you have to wait 20 to 30 years to get payback,” Todd Jones, director
of Weyerhaeuser forest biotechnology, told Science magazine in 2002, “you
have to have something that looks like it’s going to have some real economic
potential. If we look at economic models for some of the genes that do appear
to be out there, there aren’t that many that make that hurdle.” Regarding
herbicide tolerance, Jones pointed out that applying herbicides “is not that
large of an expense” in the forest industry.
Weyerhaeuser’s publicity material includes the following statement:
“Weyerhaeuser’s genetically improved trees, both in the past and in the
foreseeable future, are not altered by direct manipulation of DNA or the use of
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests30
genetically modified organisms (GMOs).” I wrote to Frank Mendizabel,
Weyerhaeuser’s director of media relations, to ask some questions about
Weyerhaeuser’s involvement in GM tree research, including whether the
company had ever carried out any field trials of GM trees. Mendizabel declined
to answer my questions, but repeated the statement from Weyerhaeuser’s
publicity material. Clearly Weyerhaeuser and Mendizabel have forgotten that
in 1997 the company planted 400 hectares of herbicide tolerant GM eucalyptus
trees in Washington State.
Oil giant Shell has closed down its research programme into GM trees, also
for economic reasons. In 1998, Shell produced GM eucalyptus trees and
carried out trials in Britain, Uruguay and Chile. Shell’s researchers planted
600 square metre field trials in Uruguay and Chile. Trials in Britain were in
greenhouses. By the end of 1999, Shell had pulled out of GM tree research.
“It was a stage when there was an extremely bad reaction to the technology,
and I think many companies were very wary at that point,” Stuart Christie,
Shell’s forestry technology manager for South America told journalist Casey
Woods in 2002.
In December 2000, Shell Forestry confirmed that its decision to stop its GM
tree research programme was because the research made no economic sense:
Although Shell Forestry has, in the past, conducted carefully controlled
GM trials under clear regulatory guidelines, we have concluded that
significant further development is still required over a number of years
to demonstrate that the technology is sound, environmentally
acceptable and economically worthwhile. For our own forestry activities,
this further work is not commercially justified and we have therefore
stopped our research programme in to genetically modified trees.
Shell later made a “business strategy decision” to sell off its involvement in
forestry according to Jeroen van den Berg in Shell’s Renewables department.
The company sold off its forestry companies between 2000 and 2004.
During the 1990s, Monsanto carried out GM tree research, but has since
pulled out. In 1996, together with ForBio, an Australian tree biotech company,
Monsanto set up a joint venture in Indonesia called Monfori Nusantara. Monfori’s
US$6 million factory in Bogor had the capacity to produce 15 million plants a
year. Both Monsanto and ForBio were at the time conducting research into
GM trees. In 1995, Monsanto produced a GM herbicide tolerant eucalyptus
tree in Brazil. ForBio’s work included research into sterile trees and GM trees
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
engineered for herbicide tolerance and insect resistance. Several reports
appeared which stated that Monfori was planting GM trees. In June 2004,
Monfori’s Suzi Madjid told me that “Monfori never produced GM trees”. Monfori
now produces “high quality ‘elite’ microplants of Teak, Acacia and hybrid
Eucalyptus for Indonesian plantation forestry” as well as ornamental flowers,
according to the company web-site. During 1999, ForBio went bankrupt and
Monsanto sold its shares in Monfori. In April 1999, Monsanto was one of the
founding members of a GM tree research joint venture called ArborGen.
Monsanto pulled out six months later. By the end of the year, Monsanto had
dropped all its involvement in forestry.
Stora Enso, the world’s second largest pulp and paper company, stated in
1999 that the company had “decided to refrain from any commercial use of
controversial genetic engineering techniques on trees or any other organisms”.
[G]enetic engineering involves profound ethical questions. The
fundamental issue is that genetic engineering modifies the very ‘code
of life’ through an artificial, asexual process. We must ask ourselves
whether we have the right to do such things to ourselves or to any
other living things. From a moral point of view it is equally important to
weigh the likely benefits of this technology against the potential risks
– and to assess which groups stand to gain or lose out.
Nevertheless, Stora Enso continued to carry out research into GM trees, “to
keep up to date with developments”. Stora Enso Celbi, which is 100 per cent
owned by Stora Enso has been involved in GM tree research through its
involvement in a European Union-funded research project called IntelFibre.
Oregon State University’s Steven Strauss told me that there is no “pressing
need for the technology [of GM trees] at present in the USA”. He explained
that this is “due to a lack of tax incentives for intensive tree-based pulp and
bioenergy plantations, low world pulp prices, etc.” However, he added, “This
of course could change radically overnight if the world were to get serious
about carbon emissions control and sequestration.”
The decision reached in December 2003 at the ninth Conference of the Parties
to the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change allowing Northern
companies and governments to establish plantations of GM trees in the South
under the “Clean Development Mechanism” might be precisely the subsidy
that the GM tree proponents have been looking for to make GM trees appear
economically attractive.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests32
Several companies with very deep pockets are involved in ongoing research
into GM trees, including International Paper, Meadwestvaco, Potlatch
Corporation, Aracruz, Suzano, Nippon Paper and Oji Paper.
10.Do scientists know what they are doing? And
should we trust them?
Genetic modification of plants is something completely new. It allows scientists
to produce plants containing genes that could not possibly occur in nature.
As with anything new, the potential risks and dangers cannot be known
beforehand. Recent history is littered with products and discoveries which
scientists assured us were safe, and whose use was widespread, before the
dangers of these products became widely known: nuclear power, x-rays,
chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), dioxin, asbestos, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane
(DDT), thalidomide, polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polyvinyl chloride (PVC),
to name a few.
This is not an attempt to argue that science is wrong or that everything new is
automatically bad. However, when scientists announce that a new discovery
or process is “safe” we would be wise to ask questions about the validity of
the claim, particularly when the scientists are funded by the industry that
stands to benefit from the new discovery.
James Hancock is the director of the Plant Breeding and Genetics Programme
at Michigan State University. In a 2003 paper, published in BioScience, he
argued that GM trees will inevitable cross with wild relatives. “The factors
limiting gene flow between compatible relatives can be largely ignored, as
transgenes will eventually escape into the natural environment if there is a
compatible relative near the transgenic crop, unless the transgenic crop
produces no viable gametes or has a system incorporated that prevents embryo
viability,” he wrote.
Steven Strauss at Oregon State University commented on Hancock’s article
in the same issue of BioScience: “We can also predict with high confidence
that the genetic confinement systems Hancock refers to will not provide
absolute containment.” Strauss continued by discussing how much gene
flow might be acceptable and concludes that “the difficulty is in deciding how
little is little enough. Unfortunately, for some novel genes, estimating
‘negligibility’ is anything but a little task.”
Unravelling the lies: Why GM trees don’t make sense
Neither Hancock nor Strauss argues for a ban on releases of GMOs. Instead
they argue for the reverse: a weakening of regulation of GMOs. They argue
that GM trees are no different to any other trees and as genes will in any case
escape, regulators should focus on whether plants crossed with the GMOs
might spread as weeds or whether the novel genes might harm the plants
with which they cross.
Yet there is considerable uncertainty within the ranks of GM tree proponents
as to how the dangers of GMOs should be assessed. In a pro-GM paper
published last year in The Plant Journal a group of scientists pointed out that
GMOs present “a relatively new area of research”. They explained that when
it comes to GM tree research, “what to measure and how to measure it are
still being debated”.
In other words the scientists don’t even know what problems to look for. If
they do decide what to look for (which they are currently not sure how to do),
they don’t know how to measure the problems they will find.
Viola Sampson and Larry Lohmann point out that
[M]uch of the data which adequate risk assessment of GM trees
demands is unobtainable. For instance, in practice it is not possible to
measure accurately to what extent GM plants or their genes might
spread, simply because of the sheer size of the area which would
need to be thoroughly examined for migrants. Second, serious risk
assessment would exclude GM trees from precisely those uses for
which they are being principally developed. For example, Professor
Kenneth Raffa at the University of Wisconsin suggests that risks related
to the evolution of insect resistance can be limited if large or
homogenous plantations are avoided – a recommendation inherently
at odds with the industry’s requirements.
Nevertheless, Strauss is in favour of going ahead with commercial plantations
of GM trees as a way of learning by doing. “As with other forms of novel
breeding, the extent of testing needed will be determined empirically – via
adaptive management – during early commercial applications,” Strauss wrote
in 2002. “Commercial applications” would involve planting millions of GM trees.
Once GM trees from these plantations have crossed with forest trees, and
the impacts are all too visible, it will be too late to recall the genes to the
laboratory. Perhaps this is precisely what Strauss and his colleagues want.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests34
3:A web of actors: Some of the research
institutions and companies involved
However, the companies, research institutions and universities involved in
GM tree research work together closely. Companies fund university research
government departments and universities have formed research networks in
some countries and commercial ventures in others. Industry-friendly scientific
publications, think tanks and mainstream media are always happy to publish
pro-GM information. Professional networks, conferences and workshops
their work.
he added. Similarly, Malcolm Campbell, at Oxford University’s Department of
the world a better place for my kids.”
am”. He pointed out that his family has not owned a car “as a matter of
without representatives of the company responsible for managing the
system and a model of forestry that together are responsible for massive
destruction of the world’s forests and the livelihoods of local communities.
the commercial firms, universities and professional networks.
International Union of Forest Research
Organisations (IUFRO)
academic researchers, company and government officials. IUFRO organises
body in forestry research. IUFRO today has 689 member organisations from
more than 100 countries.
together geneticists, breeders, applied and basic scientists, managers and
professional foresters to exchange the latest information on forest genetics
and tree breeding related topics.” The conference sponsors include North
Field trips after the conference are to Meadwestvaco and ArborGen’s GM tree
research centres.
IUFRO has a task force on Forest Biotechnology which is currently working
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests36
position on GM trees:
Deployment of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in forestry is
controversial because of the possible risks involved. Although annual
extensive research is undertaken, some environmental groups try to
stop research on Forest Biotechnology, even acting aggressively. Trials
and experiments certainly need to be carefully planned so that biosafety
restricted. What is needed is more research, laboratory experiments,
and extensive field testing within a comprehensive approach to fully
evaluate genetically modified trees.
ArborGen, USA
joint venture between Monsanto, International Paper, Westvaco and Fletcher
formed. In January 2000, Genesis Research and Development, New Zealand’s
biggest biotechnology company, joined the joint venture. Genesis and Fletcher
Challenge had been working together for five years on herbicide tolerant GM
biotechnology and South American forestry operations and took over its
commitments to ArborGen. Westvaco has since merged with Mead Paper
Company to form Meadwestvaco.
Biosciences. AgriGenesis takes over Genesis’ involvement in ArborGen.
positions with International Paper and Mead Paper Company.
International Paper owns more than 3.3 million hectares in North America. It
is the largest landowner and one of the worst polluters in the US. The company
funds GM tree research at Oregon State University.
and cottonwood trees in the US. ArborGen’s scientists have genetically
launching commercial products.
Horizon2, New Zealand
Horizon2 was formed in March 2003 from a merger of Carter Holt Harvey
Forest Genetics and Rubicon’s Trees and Technology. Carter Holt Harvey is
part of the ArborGen joint venture.
to have altered flowering behaviour.
In one application to New Zealand’s regulatory body, the Environmental Risk
Management Authority, Horizon2 described its GM tree research as
overseas where Eucalyptus is a primary source of fibre.” In another application,
Trees and Technology stated: “Dispersal of transgenic pollen into the
environment is widely considered as undesirable . . . The applicant considers
of transgenic Eucalyptus in New Zealand and in other countries.”
Horizon2 has a research contract with ArborGen. Horizon2 is “providing
services to ArborGen to help improve the pulping characteristics of eucalyptus
GenFor, Chile
GM trees commercially.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests38
by the Chilean Development Agency. A US biotechnology company, Interlink
in the venture.
plantation companies in Chile $3 million a year to control.
resistance to the moth. Biogenetic’s scientists contacted Canadian company
Silvagen (now called Cellfor) which sold a patented somatic embryogenesis
propagation technology, which allows scientists to produce millions of trees
from a single parent, without having to wait for the parent tree to seed. Instead
of selling the somatic embryogenesis equipment it wanted, Silvagen formed
the GenFor joint venture with Biogenetics.
Cellfor has entered into collaborations with a series of universities, including
Oxford, Purdue, British Columbia, Alberta and Victoria. Cellfor has also worked
with the Institute of Molecular Agrobiology in Singapore and SweTree Genomics
in Sweden. The research which led to Cellfor’s patented somatic
embryogenesis technology was carried out by Stephen Attree at the University
of Saskatchewan. Attree is now Cellfor’s chief of research.
in radiata and loblolly pine.
Aracruz Cellulose, Brazil
The company’s eucalyptus plantations were established on the lands of the
Tupinikim and Guarani indigenous peoples and other local communities.
Genetics are becoming a powerful tool in modern societies, leading to
breakthroughs that improve the overall quality of life and the environment.
use of genetically modified organisms should be allowed, subject to
compliance to national and international regulations.
Gabriel Dehon Rezende, Forest Improvement Manager at Aracruz confirmed
that Aracruz is currently carrying out GM tree laboratory research but that
trials or commercial plantations.”
Nippon Paper Industries, Japan
biotechnology will contribute to the development of plants and trees for
afforestation in deteriorated areas, as well as for papermaking materials.”
Nikkei Weekly reported that Nippon was working on GM poplar trees which
would be resistant to polluted environments.
in pulp trees. Activists destroyed Zeneca’s GM tree field trial in England four
Oji Paper, Japan
company has an active research programme into GM trees. Oji Paper’s
scientists are working on GM trees with reduced lignin, GM trees which can
tolerate salty soils and GM eucalyptus that can grow in acidic soils.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests40
New Zealand, Vietnam and Papua New Guinea. In 2003, the Asahi Shimbun
a massive domed research facility in the US.
Takashi Hibino is a research scientist at Oji Paper’s Forestry Research Institute
potential risks of GM trees he replied:
It cannot be denied to influence an existing plant environment by the
of controlling the pollen formation at the same time as developing a
profitable GM tree, and do not execute commercial afforestation until
these can be solved.
In 2001, Japanese newspaper Nikkei Weekly reported that Oji Paper began
a one hectare field trial of GM eucalyptus in Vietnam in 1998. Oji Paper
to reply to questions about the company’s activities in Vietnam.
Tree Genomics, Biotechnology, and Breeding
Programme, Oregon State University
Oregon State University’s forestry researchers are working on GM trees for
herbicide tolerance, sterility, resistance to fungus and insects and reduced
The Tree Genetic Engineering Research Cooperative (TGERC) at Oregon State
University was launched in 1994. TGERC received funding from several pulp
and paper companies, including Aracruz, Weyerhaeuser, International Paper,
MacMillan Blodel and Potlatch Corporation. Other funders include the National
Science Foundation and Oregon State University.
TGERC has now been absorbed into Oregon State University’s Tree Genomics,
Biotechnology, and Breeding Programme.
Steven Strauss, Professor of Forest Science and Genetics at Oregon State
environmental groups”. In 2000, he told the Washington Post that “The main
risk because of the hysteria around the world.”
Strauss acknowledges that “absolutely complete containment [of GM tree
In 2003, researchers at Oregon State University announced that they had
growth-promoting sprays”. Strauss argued that because shorter trees could
Oak Ridge National Laboratory
Oregon and Minnesota as well as the National Renewable Energy Laboratory
and the US Forest Service. Researchers at Oregon State University are working
the Knoxville News Sentinel.
sites in the US which were to develop the atom bomb. Today, according to
managed by a private corporation to advance science and technology in
partnership with universities and industrial firms”. Since 2000, UT-Battelle, a
technology firm with annual revenues of US$1 billion.
Genetically Modified Trees: The ultimate threat to forests42
North Carolina State University
Ron Sederoff and Vincent Chiang head the Forest Biotechnology Group in
content of non-GM aspen. The trees also have more cellulose and they grow
ecological impacts in the areas tested.” Four years is clearly not long enough
Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research
Organisation (CSIRO), Australia
Scientists at CSIRO’s Forestry and Forest Products are conducting several
working on producing GM eucalyptus trees that grow faster, produce better
wood and which are sterile. CSIRO’s scientists, far from worrying about reduced
biodiversity in GM tree plantations, acknowledge that plantations of sterile
with fewer animals mean reduced impacts on wildlife when the plantation is
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Earth Hour is more than a gesture
An hour's darkness free of electricity-induced distractions allows one to reconnect, recharge and reconsider one's motivations
The fifth annual Earth Hour falls this weekend, but what interest does it have for the religious believer? Ignoring those for whom carbon emission reduction is not an issue at all, it has still been critiqued as a pointless gesture that has a minimal effect on carbon reduction, as something which deludes participants into believing that no further action is required, and as a secular symbol with far less power than any religious one. If we are going to be environmental because our religion teaches us to be, then let's do so under our banner rather than someone else's!
These arguments have some parallels to criticisms of another regular event, in which believers go into a holy huddle for an hour or so to escape from the real world. People complain that they come out the same as they went in, and they could instead spend the time much more fruitfully out there doing all the helpful things Jesus did. And if they're good people anyway, why can't they just do them and scrap the "Christian" nonsense?
It cannot be denied that both sets of complaints have at least some validity. And other religions aren't immune either. For instance, some Buddhists have been accused of seeing it as a temporary refuge from their otherwise highly consumerist lives, failing to take its anti-materialist principles seriously.
Although often overgeneralising, such critics are on to something: for a religion to have a point, as well as saying something about the divine or the "other", it needs to say something about the real world as well. And the adherent who wishes to draw meaning from a religion must at least attempt to apply whatever they've learned to the way they live their life. However it must be recognised that, human nature being what it is, perfection cannot be guaranteed. In the environmental sphere, the teachings of the major religions amount to the principle that while humanity may have a special position in the natural world, it has at least a responsibility to treat it with respect, and often more.
But they share another principle as well, the benefit or even necessity of periodically making space to reconnect with this source of meaning through meditation, prayer or reflection, both as individuals and as communities. Jesus, the Buddha, Muhammad and Moses all used substantial chunks of their limited time on Earth in this way. If they needed to, surely the rest of us need to do so as well. There may be a lesson here for non-religious environmentalists too: do you spend so much time in campaigning and activism that you sometimes lose sight of the bigger picture?
With this in mind, there seems to be a clear message for the religious environmentalist. Whatever you may think of the symbolism and practical effect, an hour's darkness free of electricity-induced distractions provides an ideal opportunity to reconnect, recharge and reconsider your motivations.
You can do this together with those round the globe doing the same, who, regardless of religious differences, share broadly the same concerns for the same planet. But it can't end there. If what we each believe has any validity, then out of this we should be renewed and re-inspired to take action on 27 March and throughout the year. Perhaps, too, with a greater willingness to collaborate with those who have similar visions for a better environment, even if we cannot share the journey they took to reach such conclusions.
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Arnold Sommerfeld Center
Breadcrumb Navigation
(26.01.) A Stringy Appreciation of Inflationary Axions
Wieland Staessens (Madrid)
26.01.2017 at 16:15
Their characteristic features make axions popular candidates for realisations of large field inflationary models. In combination with their abundant emergence from string theory compactifications, one might hope to construct a fully consistent model for large field inflation in a UV complete theory. In this talk we touch upon two distinct avenues: axion monodromy and axion mixing scenarios, and discuss their perks and peeves.
Arnold Sommerfeld Center
Theresienstrasse 37
Room 348
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Right Braincast with Lori Marcus, Entrepreneur & Philanthropist, CMO
Lori Marcus visits The Right Braincast to discuss her perspective on leadership and marketing innovation rooted in a career that took her from Pepsi to Peloton and beyond. Lori talks about her experience revolutionizing businesses as diverse as coffee (Keurig) and exercise (Peloton) with new delivery systems for established products, and her transition from commercial to cause based marketing.
Listen Now
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Introducing... The Notebook | The Speckled Goat: Introducing... The Notebook
Introducing... The Notebook
why bullet journaling works notebook planner system planning with a bullet journal
If you've known me for any length of time, you know that I lug around a binder everywhere I go.
Even after getting a smartphone, the binder remained my planner of choice.
I love that thing.
But this Christmas, a mysterious package arrived under the tree... and by "mysterious," I mean "came in an Amazon shipping pouch."
It taunted me until December 25 finally arrived, and I opened the package to reveal....
My Future.
(Too dramatic? Probably too dramatic.)
*This post contains affiliate links*
I'd heard lots of people talking about this little booklet with the very German name, especially proponents of bullet journaling and the like. Apparently they're wonderful. But I was too in love with my binder system to really find out for myself.
Until a Leuchtturm notebook of my very own found it's way under the Christmas tree.
I spent a couple days looking at it warily from afar.
It didn't have removable and replaceable pages. The feel of the leathery cover under my hands was slightly different than that of my trusty ole binder.
But, to be honest, my binder hadn't been really holding it's own lately.
I mean, I'm a big lover of my binder, but familiar just doesn't cut it. I needed something functional, too- and in this season of life, I wasn't using my binder. Like, at all. And when a system stops working for you, it's time to change it.
So I sent a message to my friend Lisa, who I knew uses a notebook like this to do her planning, and she gave me some tips and sent me pictures of how she uses her Leuchtturm. A few pictures were all I needed to get the new planning system underway.
A Look Inside
Here's what my little notebook looks like so far... (please forgive the poor quality cell phone pictures).
My weekly view-- which I totally stole from Lisa--
And my content calendar--
And I also have a bunch of lists in here (phone numbers, blog ideas, whatever) that look exactly like you'd imagine a list to look. Boring. So I didn't take a picture of those.
So, Why Switch?
Okay, so I've been using a binder system for YEARS. Why switch over? What's the benefit?
The Size.
My notebook is the exact same page size as my binder, which means that the actual pages are exactly the same size. But overall, the notebook is much smaller than my binder. It's thinner, and doesn't have the bulky rings that add heft and take up space. In this season of my life, I'm literally picking up my entire office and carting it back and forth (computer, charger, mouse, planner, clipboards, headset to answer phones... everything), so space really matters.
The Integration.
My work and home life are really interwoven during this season, too. There's not really a good way to separate work tasks and home tasks, because I do a little of everything everywhere. One day might find me working from home and filling the time between phone calls with laundry and blogging... and the next day might have me in my office in the morning, and in the evening calling guides to hand out the next day's schedule from my bedroom. It's all very intertwined.
With this system, I'm not flipping back and forth between sections in my binder-- it's all right there. All of it. Household chores and calls to return for work are all intermingled, and somehow, it works.
The Freedom.
Having an unstructured notebook allows me to fill it up as I need it. Where I would have had to put the guide phone number list in a different section (maybe "notes?"), now I can put it wherever. I don't have to use brainpower to figure out the right section to put things in, and to find stuff quickly, I can use the table of contents at the beginning and just look up the page number. Handy.
So there you have it. I'm using a bullet journal for the time being, and I'm really liking it!
1. I just noticed one of these on Pinterest. I might have to take a closer look at one. Thanks for sharing this. - Amy
2. What a great system you have developed. It's hard to find that exact thing that works for us. This looks like a winner!
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10 Sets of 10 Reps Bodybuilding Training Method
Increase Lean Muscle Mass Through High Volume Bodybuilding Training
Man deadlifting in the gym
Hero Images / Getty Images
The 10 sets of 10 reps bodybuilding training method has been used in bodybuilding circles for years in order to break through plateaus and gain new lean muscle mass. Many people have claimed to its invention, but regardless of who came up with it, it has been used with great success by awesome bodybuilders from the past such as Vince Gironda, as well as Dave Draper and Arnold Schwarzenegger.
Benefits and Goals of the 10 Sets of 10 Reps Method
This method has proven time and time again to be fantastic at increasing muscle mass through the systematic fatigue of the muscle fibers being worked on. In order to implement a 10x10 routine, a mass building exercise is chosen and a weight that you can perform for 15 reps or so is selected. However, you will stop once you achieve 10 reps. Your rest in between sets should be limited to a minute and you need to refrain yourself from resting more as you start fatiguing since increasing the rest time would defeat the purpose of the routine, which is to cause systematic fatigue on a specific muscle.
Is There a Need for More Exercises Once You Do the One for 10 Sets of 10?
We always like to include a second exercise for the larger muscle groups in order to hit a different angle but the second exercise is more of an isolation type and you can just perform it for 3 sets of 10-12 reps.
10 Sets of 10 Reps Bodybuilding Workout Routine
Workout (A): Thighs/Hamstrings/Calves
• Squats 10 sets of 10 reps (no rest)
• Leg Curls 10 sets of 10 reps (1 minute of rest)
• Leg Extensions 3 sets of 10-12 reps (no rest)
• Calf Raises 10 sets of 10 reps (1 minute of rest)
Workout (B): Chest/Back/Abs
• Incline Bench Press 10 sets of 10 reps (no rest)
• Flat Bench Flyes 3 sets of 10-12 reps (no rest)
• Low Pulley Rows 3 sets of 10-12 reps (1 minute of rest)
• Leg Raise & Crunch Combination 10 sets of 10 reps (1 minute of rest)
Workout (C): Shoulders/Biceps/Triceps
• Upright Rows 10 sets of 10 reps (1 minute of rest)
• Bent Over Lateral Raises 3 sets of 10-12 reps (1 minute rest)
• Incline Curls 10 sets of 10 reps (no rest)
• Triceps Dips 10 sets of 10 reps (1 minute of rest)
Workout Frequency
You can benefit from doing each body part twice a week so you would perform Workout (A) on Monday/Thursday, Workout (B) on Tuesday/Friday and Workout (C) on Wednesday/Saturday. You will notice however that this type of frequency works best for endomorphs, which are people with a slow metabolism who as a result have faster recuperation capabilities. Mesomorphs, or naturally muscular and lean people, fare well by performing the routine in the following manner: Day 1-Workout (A), Day 2-Rest, Day 3-Workout (B), Day 4-Rest, Day 5-Workout (C), Day 6-Start cycle again with Workout (A). With this sequence, each body part is trained once every five days. This routine also provides good recuperation for those of you that work over 40 hours a week and cannot afford to be at the gym for 6 days. Ectomorphs, or hardgainers, are those of you who are naturally skinny and have a super fast metabolism. If this is your case, then you are best served by training every other day, and if you cannot train over the weekends, then just Monday, Wednesday, and Friday performing Workout (A) on Monday, Workout (B) on Wednesday and Workout (C) on Friday.
When To Change
After going through Workouts (A), (B), and (C) six times, change your routine to one that is heavier in weights (with around 5-6 reps mostly) and contains fewer sets. A good routine would be one that uses 5 sets of 5 reps with different basic exercises than the one above.
Bodybuilding Diet Advice
In order to benefit most from this routine, remember that you have to nourish yourself. Weight training provides the spark for muscle growth while food provides the raw materials required for making bodybuilding gains. A good supplementation program is imperative in order to recover and make the best possible gains from such a demanding bodybuilding program.
Word on Rest and Recovery
If you are ready to change your workout routine, give this program a try and provided that your nutrition, supplementation, and rest are in order, then it will not fail to give you the bodybuilding gains that you are looking for.
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Welcome. This is your opportunity to share feedback with Timios. We're here to answer your questions regarding any aspect of your real estate transaction or to hear what you have to say about our service and products. Thank you for you business and feedback.
Please send us your suggestions, compliments, or complaints to [email protected].
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Kuningas lahtee Ranskaan
Genre: Drama
Current rating: no reviews
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The journey is not without incident since the entourage end up at the Siege of Calais and engage the King of France in battle. Alternating between song and spoken narration, neither the characters nor their situations are meant to be taken too seriously (as when a band of medieval men push along a stalled Volkswagen).
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Kuningas lahtee Ranskaan Movie Poster
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