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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/10937 | How to Thaw, Cook, and Cool Foods, at Safe Temperatures
Frozen foods should be thawed correctly, because there are harmful microorganisms, which will grow rapidly, at unsafe levels that can make us sick.
Those same microorganisms can be harmful in cooking your meat, poultry, seafood, egg, etc. If the internal cooking temperature does not reach a level safe enough to destroy them.
The same applies to cooling foods. If temperature is not taken from high to low, at safe levels that will prevent microorganisms from growing. Food borne illnesses are frequently caused, because of improper cooling.
Thawing Foods
Time is very important in thawing. For example, if you are thawing 5lbs of ground beef, you will need approximately 48 hours, where as a 20lb turkey will need 2 to 4 days in the best compact refrigerator.
You can also thaw in cold running water, at temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit or 21 degrees Celsius, or lower. You should never use this method, unless in emergency situations.
Microwave can also be use in thawing, but only if food is going to be cooked immediately. Thawing in the stainless steel microwave must be a part of the cooking process. Don’t ever thaw a roast or turkey, in the microwave. Avoid spilling juices, while thawing. When thawing in the microwave, put food in a container, because the juices from thawing can cause cross contamination.
Recommended Reading: Best Boning and Fillet Knives for Your Kitchen
Cooking Temperature
Raw food should be cooked to correct temperature. A chicken for example, with stuffing, must reach temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit or 74 degrees Celsius, before it’s ready to be eaten. When checking temperature, always stick thermometer in the thickest part, to ensure correct temperature. Pork on the other hand, must be cooked to a temperature of 155 degrees Fahrenheit or 68 degrees Celsius. Microorganisms will be destroyed, if foods are cooked to correct temperature.
Cooling Food
Foods must be taken from a higher to lower temperature rapidly, to take it out of the danger zone. The maximum cooling time is 6 hours. Food should be taken from temperature 140 degrees Fahrenheit or 60 degrees 70 degrees Celsius within 2 hours, and from 70 degrees Fahrenheit or 21 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Fahrenheit or 4 degrees Celsius, within the next 4 hours.
You should divide foods in small amount, then put in stainless steel three inch pans. Chill pans in the best chest freezer while cooking, so they will be ready to go. A roast must be cut in quarters (which conveniently makes it easy to place in your best roaster oven.
You can also use an ice bath. Put ice in a large container, place container with food on ice, stir frequently. Once food reaches temperature of 40 degrees Fahrenheit or 4 degrees Celsius, put in refrigerator. Avoid upper shelves, use bottom to prevent cross contamination. Don’t cover until fully cool. If you must cover, use plastic or parchment paper. Be sure to cut holes, to let warm air out. Let inspector, Hazard Analysis and Control Points. (HACCP) be your guide, when Thawing, Cooking, and Cooling food, and you will never have to deal with food borne illnesses.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/10941 | Founder of Time etc
Barnaby Lashbrooke is the founder of virtual assistant platform Time etc. This is business number two for Barnaby, who kickstarted his career aged 17, building a web hosting business from his bedroom, which he sold six years later for a multi-million pound sum.
He realised the need for virtual assistants after being bogged down by admin tasks when growing his first business. It didn't take a genius to realise that having the company founder chasing late payers, scheduling staff annual leave and sorting out digital filing systems was not conducive to growing his business, so he set out to fix the problem.
After almost a decade, and an expansion into America, Time etc has worked with more than 10,000 clients and completed around 1.5 million tasks for time-poor entrepreneurs and professionals. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/10978 | Page tree
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Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) is a United States copyright law which implements two 1996 WIPO treaties.
It criminalizes production and dissemination of technology, devices, or services that are used to circumvent measures that control access to copyrighted works (commonly known as DRM) and criminalizes the act of circumventing an access control, even when there is no infringement of copyright itself.
DMCA also heightens the penalties for copyright infringement on the Internet. Passed on October 8, 1998 by a unanimous vote in the United States Senate and signed into law by President Bill Clinton on October 28, 1998, the DMCA amended title 17 of the U.S. Code to extend the reach of copyright, while limiting the liability of Online Providers from copyright infringement by their users. On May 22, 2001, the European Union passed the EU Copyright Directive or EUCD, similar in many ways to the DMCA.
Our DMCA policy can be found at under "DMCA Policy" |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/10991 | Домейн/IP Адрес проверка:
Последни пет whois търсения: bnvnp.com, bnvnp.com, bnvno.com, gdief.com, bnvno.com
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Детайлна справка с информация за: tuxua.com (0.766 сек.)
tuxua.com domain lookup results from whois.verisign-grs.com server:
No match for "TUXUA.COM".
>>> Last update of whois database: 2020-01-23T05:44:57Z <<<
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/10995 | Bismuth phosphate process
Hanford's U Plant was the third plutonium processing canyon built at the Hanford Site. Because the B and T Plants could process sufficient plutonium, it became a training facility.
The bismuth-phosphate process was used to extract plutonium from irradiated uranium taken from nuclear reactors.[1][2] It was developed during World War II by Stanley G. Thompson, a chemist working for the Manhattan Project at the University of California, Berkeley. This process was used to produce plutonium at the Hanford Site. Plutonium was used in the atomic bomb that was used in the atomic bombing of Nagasaki in August 1945. The process was superseded in the 1950s by the REDOX and PUREX processes.
During World War II, the Allied Manhattan Project attempted to develop the first atomic bombs.[3] One method was to make a bomb using plutonium, which was first produced by deuteron bombardment of uranium in the 60-inch (150 cm) cyclotron at the Berkeley Radiation Laboratory at the University of California, Berkeley. It was isolated on 14 December 1940 and chemically identified on 23 February 1941, by Glenn T. Seaborg, Edwin McMillan, Joseph W. Kennedy and Arthur Wahl.[4] It was thought that plutonium-239 would be fissile like uranium-235 and suitable for use in an atomic bomb.[5]
Plutonium could be produced through the irradiation of uranium-238 in a nuclear reactor, although no one had yet built one.[6] This was not the Manhattan Project's chemists' problem; theirs was to develop a large-scale process for separating fission products, some of which were dangerously radioactive; uranium, the chemistry of which little was known; and plutonium, the chemistry of which almost nothing at all was known and which at first was only available in microscopic quantities.[7]
Four methods of separation were pursued. Seaborg performed the first successful separation of a weighable quantity of plutonium in August 1942, using a process involving lanthanum fluoride.[7] Isadore Perlman and William J. Knox, Jr., looked into peroxide separation because most elements form soluble peroxides in neutral or acid solution. They soon discovered that plutonium was an exception. After a good deal of experimentation, they found that they could precipitate it by adding hydrogen peroxide to a dilute uranyl nitrate solution. They were then able to get the process to work but it produced tons of precipitate, where the lanthanum fluoride process would produce kilograms.[8]
John E. Willard tried an alternative approach, based on the fact that some silicates absorbed plutonium more readily than other elements; this was found to work but with low efficiency. Theodore T. Magel and Daniel K. Koshland, Jr., researched a solvent-extraction processes and Harrison Brown and Orville F. Hill experimented with separation using volatility reactions, based on how uranium could be readily volatilized by fluorine.[8] They and other chemists at the Manhattan Project's Radiation Laboratory at the University of California, Metallurgical Laboratory at the University of Chicago and Ames Laboratory at Iowa State College, explored plutonium chemistry.[9] A crucial discovery was that plutonium had two oxidation states, a tetravalent (+4) state and hexavalent (+6) state. with different chemical properties.[10]
The lanthanum fluoride process became the preferred method for use in the Manhattan Project's plutonium separation semiworks at the Clinton Engineer Works and the production facilities at the Hanford Site but further work with the process revealed difficulties.[11] It required large amounts of hydrogen fluoride, which corroded the equipment and Charles M. Cooper from DuPont, who would be responsible for the design and construction of the facilities, began experiencing problems with stabilizing the plutonium in its hexavalent state in the fluoride solution. There were also difficulties with recovering the precipitate through filtration or centrifugation.[8]
While the chemical engineers worked on these problems, Seaborg asked Stanley G. Thompson, a colleague at Berkeley, to have a look at the possibility of a phosphate process. It was known that the phosphates of many heavy metals were insoluble in an acid solutions. Thompson tried phosphates of thorium, uranium, cerium, niobium and zirconium without success. He did not expect bismuth phosphate (BiPO
) to work any better but when he tried it on 19 December 1942, he was surprised to find that it carried 98 percent of the plutonium in solution.[12] Bismuth phosphate was similar in its crystalline structure to plutonium phosphate and this became known as the bismuth phosphate process.[13][14] Cooper and Burris B. Cunningham were able to replicate Thompson's results and the bismuth phosphate process was adopted as a fallback in case lanthanum fluoride could not be made to work. The processes were similar and the equipment used for lanthanum fluoride could be adapted for use with Thompson's bismuth phosphate process.[12] In May 1943, the DuPont engineers decided to adopt the bismuth phosphate process for use in the Clinton semiworks and the Hanford production site.[11]
The T Plant was the first plutonium separation plant. It was nicknamed the “Queen Mary” for its resemblance to the ocean liner.
The bismuth phosphate process involved taking the irradiated uranium fuel slugs and removing their aluminium cladding. Because there were highly radioactive fission products inside, this had to be done remotely behind a thick concrete barrier.[15] This was done in the "Canyons" (B and T buildings) at Hanford. The slugs were dumped into boiling sodium hydroxide to which sodium nitrate was added. With the aluminium jackets removed, a dissolver was charged with about three tons of unclad slugs. Nitric acid was added to dissolve about one ton at a time.[16]
The second step was to separate the plutonium from the uranium and the fission products. Bismuth nitrate and phosphoric acid were added, producing bismuth phosphate, which was precipitated carrying the plutonium with it. This was very similar to the lanthanum fluoride process, in which lanthanum fluoride was used as the carrier.[17] The precipitate was removed from the solution with a centrifuge and the liquid discharged as waste. Getting rid of the fission products reduced the gamma radiation by 90 percent. The precipitate was a plutonium-containing cake which was placed in another tank and dissolved in nitric acid. Sodium bismuthate or potassium permanganate was added to oxidize the plutonium.[16] Plutonium would be carried by the bismuth phosphate in the tetravalent state but not in the hexavalent state.[17] The bismuth phosphate would then be precipitated as a by product, leaving the plutonium behind in solution.[16]
This step was then repeated in the third step. The plutonium was reduced again by adding ferrous ammonium sulfate. Bismuth nitrate and phosphoric acid were added and bismuth phosphate precipitated. It was dissolved in nitric acid and the bismuth phosphate was precipitated. This step resulted in reducing the gamma radiation by four more orders of magnitude, so the plutonium-bearing solution now had 100,000-th of the original gamma radiation. The plutonium solution was transferred from the 224 buildings to the 221 buildings, through underground pipes. In the fourth step, phosphoric acid was added and the bismuth phosphate precipitated and removed; potassium permanganate was added to oxidize the plutonium.[18]
In the "crossover" step, the lanthanum fluoride process was used. Lanthanum salts and hydrogen fluoride were added again and lanthanum fluoride was precipitated, while hexavalent plutonium was left in solution. This removed lanthanides like cerium, strontium and lanthanum, that bismuth phosphate could not. The plutonium was again reduced with oxalic acid and the lanthanum fluoride process was repeated. This time potassium hydroxide was added to metathesize the solution. Liquid was removed with a centrifuge and the solid dissolved in nitric acid to form plutonium nitrate. At this point, a 330-US-gallon (1,200 l) batch sent would have been concentrated to 8 US gallons (30 l).[18]
The final step was carried out at the 231-Z building, where hydrogen peroxide, sulfates and ammonium nitrate were added to the solution and the hexavalent plutonium was precipitated as plutonium peroxide. This was dissolved in nitric acid and put into shipping cans, which were boiled in hot air to produce a plutonium nitrate paste. Each can weighed about 1 kg and was shipped to the Los Alamos Laboratory.[18] Shipments were made in a truck carrying twenty cans and the first arrived at Los Alamos on 2 February 1945.[19] The plutonium was used in the Fat Man bomb design tested in the Trinity nuclear test on 16 July 1945, and in the bombing of Nagasaki on 9 August 1945.[20]
In 1947, experiments began at Hanford on a new REDOX process, which was more efficient. Construction of a new REDOX plant commenced in 1949 and operations began in January 1952, the B plant closing that year. Improvements to the T plant resulted in a 30 percent increase in productivity and improvements were made to the B plant. There were plans to reactivate the B plant but the new PUREX plant that opened in January 1956 was so efficient that the T plant was closed in March 1956 and plans to reactivate the B plant were abandoned.[21] By 1960, the PUREX plant's output had surpassed the combined output of the B and T plants and the REDOX plant.[22]
1. ^ US patent 2799553, Stanley G. Thompson and Glenn T. Seaborg, "Phosphate method for separation of radioactive elements"
2. ^ US patent 2785951, Stanley G. Thompson and Glenn T. Seaborg, "Bismuth Phosphate Method for the Separation of Plutonium from Aqueous Solutions"
3. ^ Jones 1985, p. vii.
4. ^ Seaborg 1981, pp. 2–4.
5. ^ Jones 1985, pp. 28–30.
6. ^ "Manhattan Project: The Plutonium Path to the Bomb, 1942–1944". United States Department of Energy – Office of History and Heritage Resources. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
7. ^ a b "Manhattan Project: Seaborg and Plutonium Chemistry, Met Lab, 1942–1944". United States Department of Energy – Office of History and Heritage Resources. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
8. ^ a b c Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 182–184.
9. ^ Jones 1985, p. 193.
10. ^ Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 89.
11. ^ a b Jones 1985, p. 194.
12. ^ a b Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 185.
13. ^ Gerber 1996, p. 4–1.
14. ^ Seaborg 1981, p. 11.
15. ^ Hewlett & Anderson 1962, p. 208.
16. ^ a b c Gerber 1996, p. 4-6.
17. ^ a b "Thompson's Process". Archived from the original on 11 May 2006. Retrieved 17 April 2017.
18. ^ a b c Gerber 1996, p. 4-7.
19. ^ Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 309–310.
20. ^ Hewlett & Anderson 1962, pp. 375–380, 403–404.
21. ^ Gerber 1996, p. 4-10.
22. ^ Gerber 1996, p. 4-14. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11000 | Improving the regression testing infrastructure
Francois Gouget fgouget at
Fri Mar 29 14:39:33 CST 2002
On Fri, 29 Mar 2002, Eric Pouech wrote:
> the global test goes as :
> 1/ the parent creates the child
> 2/ the parent waits for the child to terminate
> 3/ the child process stores most information it can gather in a
> temporary file
> 4/ the child terminates
> 5/ the parent does the final checking
For the parameter testing I was thinking of storing the expected argv
parameters in environment variables. Then, we need a way to tell the
child to do specific tests (maybe one more environment variable) and it
would then compare the contents of the environment variables with what
it got.
But since we do not control the main/WinMain, we would have to rely
on getmainargs or __argv, __argp tricks (which means parts of the test
may only be possible in msvcrt).
The approach above would probably not work testing environment
variable passing. So alternately, since the two share the same code, you
could instruct the child to expect to receive the data corresponding to
global array 5.
Could one of the approaches above replace the temporary file
Francois Gouget fgouget at
War doesn't determine who's right. War determines who's left.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11002 | makedep: Sanitize the module names before turning them into resource ids.
Alexandre Julliard julliard at
Fri Feb 20 01:22:51 CST 2015
Francois Gouget <fgouget at> writes:
> Resource ids cannot contain dashes so replace them with underscores.
> This makes it possible to build tests for dlls containing dashes into their names like the api-* ones.
There's no reason that resource ids can't contain dashes, and besides,
winetest won't know what to do with it if you change the name.
Alexandre Julliard
julliard at
More information about the wine-devel mailing list |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11031 | Book 6 Chapter 13
B6C13: A drop of blood
The Purple Demon Tower’s structure is really unusual. There is a hexagonal hall connecting to the main entrance. Each side of the hexagon has a corridor. Except for the one that connects the hall with the entrance, the other 5 corridors have several rooms each.
That is the first floor. Standing in the hall of this floor, one can see the endless ocean by looking up because the corresponding part of the hall on the 2nd floor is empty.
“This tower looks pretty good from the outside and its interior is even more pleasing to the eye and the mind.” Qin Yu stands in the hall and observes the tower’s combination of various colors. He really wants to find out who designed this Purple Demon Tower because not only is its structure new and unique, its interior coloration is also extremely outstanding.
Even the 3 Di brothers cannot help but give rare smiles.
“All right, let’s go upstairs through the north corridor.” Di Jian orders directly.
Di Qing and Di Luan also nod. As for Qin Yu … he simply has no right to disagree. Of course, he cannot be bothered to disagree either. Even though he is being escorted by the 3 majesties, there is an indifferent smile on his face all the time.
It seems he does not worry about himself at all.
“Smile? Let’s see if you can still smile after arriving in the Nine Demons Hall.” Di Luan laughs coldly in his mind. He is already imagining Qin Yu getting absorbed by the terror jellyfish guardian.
After getting on the 2nd floor, they go along the north corridor directly. There are rooms on either side of this corridor. Di Luan observes carefully then says to Di Jian and Di Qing: “2nd brother, 6th brother, I’ll stay in this room on the left. 6th brother will stay in this room on the right. 2nd brother and Qin Yu will stay in the room in the middle.”
Di Jian nods then immediately enters that room on the right. By contrast, Di Qing shouts at Qin Yu: “Go inside with me, Qin Yu.”
“Why so hot-tempered? Relax, relax!” Qin Yu says smilingly then comes into the room in the middle in a relaxed manner at once.
Di Luan warns from behind: “Be careful, 2nd brother, this Qin Yu fella is no good and he is comparable to a middle Dongxu expert. You definitely can’t let your guard down.” Hearing Di Luan’s warning, Di Qing can only nod his head. But the look he gives Qin Yu becomes even fiercer.
He cannot relax his concentration at any time.
The 3 majesties know well that both the Azure Dragon Palace and the Blue Water Mansion probably do not want to let them return to the Nine Demons Hall safely. Therefore, even though they are currently inside the Great Shell Cave, they do not dare to treat anything lightly.
After all, the Great Shell Cave is basically defenseless in the eyes of the Azure Dragon Palace’s and the Blue Water Mansion’s experts.
In the middle room, Di Qing is sitting with legs crossed and eyes closed, but his holy sense has surrounded Qin Yu completely as he cannot afford to let Qin Yu make any surreptitious moves. Qin Yu, however, has been well-behaved by sitting with legs crossed and eyes closed very quietly all along.
Suddenly, Qin Yu opens his eyes and looks smilingly at Di Qing.
“Hey, 2nd majesty,” calls he. Seeing Di Qing have no reactions, he immediately calls a bit louder: “Di Qing!” Even though Qin Yu cannot tell the Nine Demons Hall’s 9 majesties apart by appearances, he knows their names. Thus he knows that he is staying in the same room with Di Qing, the 2nd majesty.
Di Qing frowns then opens his eyes and casts a glance at Qin Yu: “Shut up!”
“2nd majesty, you’re a little bored, aren’t you? Let’s have a chat with each other.” Qin Yu stands up and walks towards Di Qing as if he wants to approach Di Qing, whose face changes color instantly. The defensive demonic elemental energy around Di Qing's body becomes stronger. His purple armor, however, already covered his body long ago.
Di Qing shouts at Qin Yu. He is confident that he can defeat Qin Yu, but he thinks that the gap in power between them is not very big and, therefore, if Qin Yu uses a sneak attack when they are very near each other, he will either be killed or be badly injured.
“Why so jumpy?” Even though Qin Yu says so, he stops upon seeing Di Qing’s careful behavior.
Di Qing says coldly: “Sit down on your own place, otherwise …”
Before Di Qing can finish his sentence, Qin Yu hurriedly says: “Alright, don’t worry. I’m going to go back and stop disturbing you.” He is still smiling, seeming not angered at all. He then immediately returns to the place he was sitting on just now.
“Why so fussy?”
He talks to himself and sits down with legs crossed and eyes closed to quietly practice.
Seeing this, Di Qing also shuts his eyes. But he does not dare to relax his holy sense one bit. Watching over Qin Yu is really not an easy job.
Time flies. In the blink of an eye, 4 to 6 hours has passed.
Qin Yu opens his eyes and takes a look at the room’s door before shutting them again immediately. But he thinks to himself: “Given the Blue Water Mansion’s and the Azure Dragon Palace’s influences, what I said last time in the main hall must’ve been leaked out. They should come here tonight.”
Even if the 3 Di brothers had eliminated all the witnesses in the main hall that day, the same secret information would have still been leaked out because before the arrival of the 3 majesties Qin Yu had already made arrangements for it to be spread.
His expectation is correct. The Azure Dragon Palace’s and the Blue Water Mansion’s forces have both arrived.
Thanks to a message from Fu Hao, Lord Lou knows that 3 majesties of the Nine Demons Hall are staying in the Purple Demon Tower with Qin Yu. He is currently hiding in an artificial mountain far from the tower and has suppressed his aura completely. Even if Lord Teng, whose power is comparable to his, were here, perhaps he would still not be detected.
Lord Lou’s eyes have reverted to their normal green color.
He strokes his thin moustache with a hint of relaxation on his face.
“This time even Di Jian has come here. In a real fight, I won’t necessarily be a match for this Purple Demon aquatic dragon. Even if I can snatch that Qin Yu fella, it’ll be very hard to escape. I better hide here and wait for Teng Shan to get into action first. Maybe I’ll be able to take advantage of the muddied waters.”
Lord Lou stays there watching the Purple Demon Tower alone with his entire attention. He does not dare to relax in the least.
While Lord Lou has been in hiding for a long time, Lord Teng of the Azure Dragon Palace is different.
“Those fellas just entered the Purple Demon Tower so they must be tense. When they have rested for 6 hours and become totally relaxed, I’ll secretly snatch that Qin Yu fella.” Lord Teng is standing on a mountain peak of an underwater mountain range and looking at the Great Shell Cave in the distance.
There are 5 guardians standing behind him.
Time passes but his face is always solemn as if it is carved out of rock.
“It’s about time.”
Lord Teng’s eyes suddenly brighten. Concurrently with this, he says to the 5 guardians behind him through holy sense communication: “All of you get ready. After I snatch Qin Yu and come back, you’ll have to obstruct that Di Jian fella.”
“Yes sir!”
The 5 guardians bow and answer via their holy senses.
They do not dare to say anything aloud for the moment even though the Great Shell Cave is very far from them because they cannot afford to take any chances. After all, Di Jian is a late Dongxu stage expert so his holy sense is incredibly formidable.
Lord Teng pulls off his blood-red robe and sucks it into his spatial ring with a grab. He has to do this because a blood-red robe is fairly noticeable at the bottom of the ocean. Dressed completely in black, he then begins to rush towards the Great Shell Cave using only his physical power.
Horned dragons are also demonic beasts with extremely strong bodies. Lord Teng therefore easily enters the Great Shell Cave then approaches the Purple Demon Tower directly.
Lord Teng’s body is indistinct so none of the Great Shell Cave’s members sees him. However, Lord Lou, who has been watching the surroundings of the Purple Demon Tower and waiting for him impatiently, has noticed him.
“Teng Shan has finally appeared. It’s been such a long time.”
Lord Lou becomes totally excited. He stays still in hiding in the artificial mountain and focuses his entire attention on the Purple Demon Tower, waiting for the situation that will arise after Lord Teng comes into the tower.
“In a real fight, I’m probably no match for Di Jian, but his holy sense is definitely inferior to mine.” Lord Teng is completely sure about this because his soul has reached the peak of the late Dongxu stage. To be exact, it has touched the doorsill of the early Kongming stage.
Therefore, it is no nonsense to say that his holy sense is stronger than Di Jian’s.
Like a ghost, Lord Teng quietly enters the Purple Demon Tower through the secret door that Fu Hao told him about before. He then expands his holy sense until it covers the whole tower. He quickly discovers his target’s location, that is, Qin Yu and Di Qing’s room.
In the room next to Qin Yu’s room on the right, Di Jian suddenly opens his eyes.
Just now, a tinge of fear appeared in his heart, but it vanished quickly. Di Jian does not know what is going on, but he becomes even more cautious and does not dare to loosen up anymore.
Lord Teng goes into the north corridor of the 2nd floor like a gust of wind. His movements do not cause any sounds at all. He does not dare to even use one bit of his elemental energy either.
Suddenly he stops.
“It’s this room.” His eyes brighten as he looks at Qin Yu and Di Qing’s room.
“I must hit in one move and badly injure that Di Qing fella right away. But … I definitely can’t kill him. Otherwise, given the tempers of those Nine Demons Hall’s brothers, they’ll surely cause my Azure Dragon Palace trouble.” Lord Teng has made up his mind. His eyes flash with fierceness.
The door opens. Winds blow. A black light beam shoots into the room.
Di Qing suddenly opens his eyes. Before he can utter a word, the opponent has already thrown a punch at him. He only has enough time to block it with an arm. A deep bang is heard, followed by the sounds of bones getting shattered. Di Qing’s right arm has been smashed and 2 of his breastbones have been broken.
One was intentional while the other was unprepared.
One is at the late Dongxu stage while the other is only at the middle Dongxu stage.
One attacked with full power, aiming to hit and seriously injure the opponent in one strike, while the other hurriedly made a block.
Therefore, it is impossible for Di Qing not to be badly injured!
There is immediately a shout in the room next door on the right. Afterwards, an explosion is heard as a silhouette goes into Qin Yu’s room by breaking through the wall between the 2 rooms directly. However, by now, Lord Teng has already rushed up to Qin Yu’s side.
He makes a grab at Qin Yu while saying via holy sense communication: “Don’t resist. I’m here to save you.”
Qin Yu gives a faint smile and laughs inwardly: “You’ve finally come.”
Not resist?
Can Qin Yu possibly not resist? He certainly cannot, because this is the chance he has been waiting for.
Even though Lord Teng said so to Qin Yu using his holy sense, he does not think that Qin Yu is willing to be grabbed by him. Therefore, he executes this grab with all his might. Qin Yu reaches out his hands, which turn golden instantly.
He then draws a circle in the air with his hands. His golden stellar energy forms a Tai Chi symbol.
Qin Yu’s stellar energy and Lord Teng’s grab collide with each other. That golden Tai Chi symbol can only last for a moment before falling apart. Afterwards --
Qin Yu immediately utters a miserable cry and is sent flying powerlessly towards Di Qing. At this moment, with a furious expression, a maddened Di Jian shouts coldly: “Teng Shan!!!” He then charges at Teng Shan like a pouncing fierce tiger.
Teng Shan knows at once that the situation is bad for him because he is no match for Di Jian. However, it will not be easy for Di Jian to defeat him either.
“Teng Shan!”
Compared to Di Jian, Di Luan has reacted even faster. He has broken into this room from the other side and blocked Teng Shan’s way directly. When Teng Shan sees Di Luan in front of him, a hint of disdain appears on his face. He immediately knocks Di Luan out of the Purple Demon Tower with a wave of his hand.
He then rushes out through a window.
Di Qing and Di Luan have been badly injured in quick succession.
At this moment, Di Jian basically has no time to check on Di Qing and Di Luan. His first choice is to fight off Teng Shan immediately.
Qin Yu is falling down helplessly. Judging by his trajectory, he should land beside Di Qing.
However, when Qin Yu is about to touch the floor, his body accelerates strangely in an instant and shoots straight at Di Qing. The initial distance between them is too short while Qin Yu reaches his top speed in the blink of an eye.
In addition to that, Di Qing is severely injured.
Qin Yu’s voice rises in Di Qing’s mind through holy sense communication. Badly-injured Di Qing is immediately terrified. At this moment, a short sword appears in Qin Yu’s palm. It is none other than the Flaming Sword. He thrusts it straight at the place hit by Teng Shan just now on Di Qing’s body.
The purple armor at this place was already shattered by Teng Shan’s attack while Qin Yu’s sword is a top-grade holy weapon and a large amount of golden stellar energy has been channeled into the tip of the sword. In terms of offensive power, this sword strike even surpasses Teng Shan’s attack just now.
A very soft sound is heard as Qin Yu’s Flaming Sword pierces into Di Qing’s chest and punctures his lung.
Because the Flaming Sword is extremely thin like a cicada’s wing, the wound is almost invisible.
Seeing the ruthless look in Qin Yu’s eyes, Di Qing is horrified. He wants to flee at once using his yuanying but a stream of golden stellar energy comes out from the Flaming Sword and coils around his yuanying directly like a golden rope.
“Spare my life, Qin Yu. Spare my life. If you spare me, my brothers definitely won’t harm you. Spare my life.” As his life is hanging by a thread, Di Qing says in terror using his holy sense.
“It’s too late!”
In an instant, the golden rope’s far end, which is sharp like a needle, penetrates the yuanying. Di Qing’s soul is immediately destroyed. Qin Yu then falls to the floor beside Di Qing as if he is severely injured.
As for Di Qing’s yuanying, he does not take it.
The reason for this is that he wants to put the blame on Teng Shan. He makes his internal energy surge up, causing blood to come out of his mouth. After all, he has to fake his serious injuries convincingly. Qin Yu then lies powerlessly on the floor. His whole face is very pale.
Suddenly, a silhouette rushes into the room. This is none other than Di Luan, who is holding a jade bottle in his hand.
“Why haven’t you taken a Jade Dawn Pill, 2nd brother?”
Now Di Luan’s injuries have mostly healed. However, as soon as he pulls Di Qing up, he is stupefied. His entire body freezes. In an instant, he lets out an anguished cry: “2nd brother!!!”
Only at this moment does a drop of blood begin to slowly come out from the wound that the Flaming Sword left on Di Qing’s body.
End of b6c13.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11056 | 4x4 Tours in Carmarthenshire
4x4 Tours in Carmarthenshire
4x4 Tracks in Carmarthenshire, 4x4 Off Road Guided Tours in Carmarthenshire: Look up for prices, request your estimate and find the best offers in UK 4x4 driving clubs in Carmarthenshire. Off road tracks in Carmarthenshire and 4x4 experiencies in Carmarthenshire are a perfect activity for birthday’s parties, corporate entertainment, team building, social events, weddings and original gifts.
4x4 Tours companies in Carmarthenshire
Shaggy Sheep Wales 4x4 Routes
Company Abernant (Carmarthenshire)
Get offroad with Shaggy Sheep Wales with our 4x4 driving weekends. If you want to find out what this adventure is all about, pushing a 4x4 to its limit over rugged farmland and woodland, driving over impossible terrain and conquer nature, then you need to join us as we drive over North and... (4x4 Clubs Carmarthenshire)
Company in Abernant
Bronwen · Hello, Im just wondering the prices and packages availible? Also do you do gift vouchers? A quick response would be apprechiated as I need to find a |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11072 | My Father’s Last Words
My Father’s Last Words
by Melissa Carmean
The anguish of my stroll to the sanitarium during the fall breeze of that chilled day was beset by children who were out in the streets on their bicycles, either riding them or walking alongside them. They clutched the leaves fallen from the trees, gripping them with their tacky hands. They held their leaf-strewn palms out, looking to me as if to say ‘look what this dying earth has gifted me. You are not so lucky with your own gifts, are you, old man?”
One never knew in Arkham if the children were the products of well-educated men, or if they had been fathered instead by the mindless brutes who worked the mines forty miles outside town. In fact, mindlessness must have been a prerequisite for them to perform such a demanding and death-wrapped task. Still, those men often spent their numbered nights seeking comfort in whatever woman they could lure away from her home. So, in this way, it was rather difficult to know the origins of the offspring of any given couple. Until, of course, the child reached a certain age and its intellect either flourished or floundered. Or, if the child happened to be a victim of the regular disappearances that occurred selectively, and exclusively within the poorest families of Arkham.
My double-breasted jacket warmed me on my stroll. Though the air produced a certain chill that crept well beneath the skin of the residents here, that chill ran deeper even through me, for I knew on that very day I was to say good-bye to my father.
The sanitarium was within sight and perhaps unluckily for me, was located mere blocks from the family home I had indeed inherited from Father. Whether that inheritance was the result of Father’s demented madness, or due to the fact that I was his only living heir- I would never know. Originally, Father wished for Mother to inherit it, but Mother had disappeared. After she’d gone missing, all my father could speak of, for years, were the blue of her eyes, the pale blonde of her hair, and her unique scent of lavender which he often claimed followed him long after her demise.
I shuffled lazily down the sidewalk as though it were I that day, who would meet my maker. The excessive spires of the sanitarium first entered my view, but as I crested the small hill (and automobiles sped past me, causing yet another chill to spread through me), the curved mansard roof was visible as well. The combination of those two spires and that curvature of the mansard roof (under which were situated, like rows of blinded eyes, many windows, all barred, all lining the building) had often been the topic of discussion amongst the residents of Arkham. No one was quite certain from whence this architectural choice had emerged, and which architect had made the final decision upon the style of the sanitarium, but what was often discussed-when one was within eyeshot of this eyesore- was how utterly disturbing the decision had turned out to be.
The children had long ceased following me, as they feared rounding the crest of that hill and having to look upon the daunting figure of that building, inside of which dwelled all manner of the ill and the mad.
Upon entrance of the building, one’s senses were assaulted by odors and sounds which were equally as grotesque. The high, slanted, cobwebbed ceilings highlighted the neglect of the building, as well as the patients housed beneath them. The cries of the mad, the phlegmatic coughs of the tubercular, and the cries of pain of the dying- all fused with the scent of decay, of necrosis, the scent of madness and the disrepair of the human consciousness.
Father was housed on the fourth floor. I crept up the wooden stairs that issued cries similar to those of the myriad patients, the primal cries of their incurable diseases. Each creak and crack only brought about more creaks and inspired the cackles of the mad throughout the sanitarium. I imagined that every patient knew I’d arrived, and their madness seeped through the walls, penetrating my own ears, my own mind, my own soul.
Father had long been unable to speak coherent English. The dementia had wilted his mind so. It had been four long years since I’d heard him utter a discernable syllable through his madness, and I was not expecting anything more than the nonsensical hums and sputtering that had become his mode of communication.
I entered his room and placed my hat on a hook. My father was asleep; his snores had turned from the slumber of the resting into the rattle of the grave-doomed. He did not stir as I pulled a chair that, too, screamed in pain. A plea to be euthanized. The upholstery of the chair was riddled with marks which appeared to have been scratched into it by some nefarious creature, but I was familiar enough with the sanitarium to know that those marks were made by the last grasps at humanity one of the patients had left within them. They were nail-shaped, and the stuffing was mold-covered from years of human sweat and other expulsions, and that viscous material spilled through slits carved by the damned.
The wheels, too, of the chair, made such soul-scathing outcries as I maneuvered it to the bed of my father. For a moment, I simply looked upon the face of a man whom I no longer knew, who had been deceased for years.
It’s finally come to an end,’ I thought as I reached forward and gripped Father’s pale hand, the landscape of which was only leant color by the deep brown of its liver spots, and the blue of his risen veins. The topography of those veins indeed looked familiar, and in my weary state, I almost imagined that they displayed the roads and valleys of Arkham itself. I shook my head and leaned in closer.
A deep gasp issued from the lungs of Father, and he sat, sprung from thin mattress, his back arched in an odd curvature. The blanket which had covered him sunk below the bones of his hips, revealing untended bedsores, and the withered flesh resulted from them.
Father opened his mouth and gasped again. A hearty intake of breath that nearly made me proud, hopeful even that he could yet live. That hope was dashed as his linens slipped further, only to reveal the mashed, pruned, and withered meat of his flesh. The pus of which had stained the sheets beneath a deep yellow-green. A pungent odor emerged and immediately filled the room.
I reached for the bell to ring a nurse, but Father’s skeletal hand shot out to prevent my doing so, and I looked at the face of this man whom I’d known since birth, but whose eyes were alien- indeed, his irises were scarcely visible as they’d rolled far back into his orbit, and the gleaming whites were had taken over all real estate of his sockets.
His grip upon my wrist was of a strength I had not known, nor had I ever encountered. Father hacked many times, and blood flew from him lips. A guttural hum issued from his diaphragm. Finally, he spoke:
“Richard, son. Leave the dumbwaiter be. They’re looking for the page. They’re looking for the page. If they find the page- they will own the Earth once more and the meek shall be banished from it. Richard. Steer yourself from that crawlspace beneath. If you enter, all will be lost.”
What remaining hair I possessed upon my scalp prickled, and a great shiver racked the whole of my body.
His grip loosened, and he sank back onto his bed. The arm he had used to grip my wrist dangled uselessly at the side of the bed. The veins in his hands had receded, and the man did not breathe another breath.
I ran. I ran past the wails of the patients of the sanitarium. I ran through the streets, where children no longer played, where moonlight was the only source of illumination. After I’d emerged on the side of the hill that allowed me no view of the sanitarium, I slowed. I was, after all, an old man myself. I was incapable of running the entire way home, though I wanted nothing more than to do so.
I lit a cigarette and stood in the middle of that abandoned road, Father’s warning stuck firmly in the grey matter of my mind.
Why would he utter such words to me?
A half-hour passed. A half-hour during which I smoked cigarette after cigarette. My hands trembled so that I often could not adeptly affix the cigarette to the holder, and even dropped the holder upon the sidewalk.
I hunched over, the words of my Father still swarming my mind. I lit a match and searched the street for the cigarette holder, but I was never to find it. Instead, I found deep, thick trails of a reddish liquid, each crisscrossed with another. The pattern of them had a familiar attribute, and the moment that I noticed they shared a pattern with the veins of Father’s hands, that the pools of liquid shared the pattern of his liver-spotted flesh, I dropped my cigarette, as well.
There was a distinct odor of copper in the air, and as I fumbled about and lit match after match examining the street, the moonlight highlighted the abandoned bicycles of the children, which were strewn haphazardly throughout the residential street. On one of the bicycles, a wheel was in constant motion, a wheel in desperate need of a greasing, as each turn it made emitted a raven-like screech that echoed through the emptied street. That noise, that raven wail, was soon joined by the high-pitched howling of something much larger, and much more animalistic. A great shadow lurked over me, hundreds of stories tall, as liquid dripped upon my form.
My bones, muscles, and flesh were frozen as I scanned the length of the being which stood before me. My mind managed to conclude that this creature must be responsible for the disappearances of the poor children of Arkham. It was almost as if the creature itself communicated this fact to me via telepathy. I simply knew it to be so.
Its stature was that of nothing I’d seen before in life, and the shadows of tentacles twisted on the pavement before me. The body of the creature was scale-encrusted, and the face of it- what I could see of its face- was that writhing mass of tentacles I’d seen shadowed on the pavement. My bowels loosened, there in the familiar road of my hometown as I gazed upon the creature who had, grasped within his great tentacles, the corpses of children. His deep-set, massive eyes bore into mine and the being opened its mammoth jaw, projecting a growl into the night that echoed from the hill to the sanitarium- the sound was similar to the screeches and howls I’d heard throughout the night. It bore into my skull as I pressed the palms of my hands hard into my ears.
Muscle memory was the only bodily function that seemed to do its diligence as my legs, of their own accord, picked up and carried me through the streets, all the way home, where, once I’d entered the front door, I leaned the full weight of my being against it, as if that alone would be enough to keep such a tremendous creature from me.
No physical barrier would be enough, as I would soon learn. My eyesight was webbed with dark lines that grew ever-thicker, and the howl of the creature reverberated through my mind and seemed entrenched within my very soul. My very bones imitated that cry as it swirled like a smoke in my brain, and choked my nerves. The part of me that had once been capable of thinking ceased its functions, and I was motivated by instinct alone.
Automatically my feet carried me to the basement. My hands grasped a lantern, and there, in a corner, rested the dumbwaiter.
The thick, black lines spread throug my vision, the newer ones were simply grey, and through those, I could still envisage the pail that rested atop the dumbwaiter. Filled with concrete, the thirty-gallon bucket was not easily swayed from its position, but an inner-strength resumed control of me as I pushed it, inch by inch, as it scraped against the bottom of the dumbwaiter. Metal cutting into metal. Finally, I relieved it of its position, and I lifted the dumbwaiter.
A hole- perfectly man-sized- rested beneath. I lifted the dumbwaiter with one arm while the other cradled the lantern. I lowered myself into the narrow hole, encased on all sides by rotted wood and the termite-ridden foundation of my childhood home. Inch by inch I scuttled through that rotted hell, until I was met with a ten-foot drop into a space I could only crawl through. I had not known, ever, there had been a crawlspace beneath my home. Father had never mentioned it. Mother certainly wouldn’t have known of its existence.
I placed the lantern behind me, as the space would not allow me to carry it through. I must have crawled a quarter-mile through stagnant water that smelled and felt centuries old, all the while the inhuman howl of the beast had begun to work its way through my own throat.
The lantern light dimmed, and my vision was failing. The small walls of the crawlspace grew ever more confining the further I ventured into it. The scent of stagnant water gave way, eventually, to a pleasant scent; lavender.
I finally reached the end of that hellscape, where I found a skeletal figure, the flesh wilted from its bones. I needed to creep within inches to see the face of the corpse, to see that it still had eyes, while my own eyes grew darker, weighted. The flesh of my face felt constricted, tightened. I reached a hand up to my face, and poked a tentative finger, lightly, into one eye. The texture was rubbery and thick with the veins of those black webs, which had started beneath the surface, but had now grown. As I trailed a finger down my face, I felt the same rubberized texture of the veined webbing beneath my eyes, on my cheeks. It grew around my mouth, and had taken root in my nostrils.
I was familiar with the symbols of death. I had memorized them well. I would not live to shimmy out of this room.
As the textured veins sprouted upward through my nostrils, I felt them also take root and crawl down my esophagus. They wrapped themselves tightly about my lungs. Still, on my hands and knees I shuffled forward, closer to the skeleton in the corner.
It had decayed severely, other than the eyes. Large, blue, misted eyes stared back and me, and as my vision continued to fail, I reached out and touched the long, pale hair that sprouted from the corpse. The scent of lavender nearly provided me a comfort as I felt the arms of the dead woman- whom I now understood was, indeed, my mother. I gripped her hand in a symbol of unity, as we would both meet our ends here, but before I could grasp the bones of her fingers, I felt the dry crunch of an old sheet of paper, rolled up in her fist. She clutched the paper so tightly, I ripped her hand from her wrist, clawing it away from her, dispersing her digits through the water on the ground.
The lamplight was no longer an option. My throat was full of the veins of that rubberized substance, which had now grown like vines, or tentacles, and reached out of my mouth, and began to wrap around my head, entering my ears, tightening… tightening. I held the paper in defeat for a moment, before I realized that in my pocket, still, were matches. I scrambled quickly to light one. Many had been dampened either by my own refuse, or the stagnant water of the floor. The last match, however, struck.
A pinhole remained of my vision, and as that substance choked me, crushed me, and tore into my brain, I read the first few lines of the page, lines which stole what was left of my breath.
The match went out from lack of oxygen in the crawlspace. I curled my body into the fetal position, and as the howl of that creature became the only sound inside or outside of my mind, the thick veins grew into larger veins, into tentacles.
As they choked me, maddened me, and crushed my face, I lay my head on my mother’s lap, pretending that things were as they had always been when I was a child- that she would reach out and stroke my hair, sing words of comfort to me. But I could imagine her song for no more than a moment.
The howl overwhelmed me as the bones of my skull punctured my brain, and I could smell the lavender no more.
Cthulhu: The Horror in Dunwich coming soon to Kickstarter |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11073 | view liblfds.6/building.txt @ 1106:2d392ecdd366
Fix race is xenvbd causing 30 second freeze under high load
author James Harper <>
date Tue Nov 11 23:08:11 2014 +1100 (2014-11-11)
parents 6300617040e0
line source
1 building liblfds
4 Windows (user-mode)
6 1. Use Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 or Visual C++ 2008 Express Edition
7 to load "liblfds.sln".
9 2. Use Microsoft Windows SDK and GNUmake to run (obviously
10 you'll need to have run the appropriate vcvars*.bat first; you can build
11 for both IA64, 64-bit and 32-bit - just run the correct vcvars batch file).
13 Targets are "librel", "libdbg", "dllrel", "dlldbg" and "clean". You need
14 to clean between switching targets.
16 Windows (kernel)
18 Use the Windows Driver Kit "build" command. Prior to running "build",
19 if you wish to build a static library, run the batch file
20 "runme_before_win_kernel_static_lib_build.bat"; if you wish to
21 build a dynamic library, instead run "runme_before_win_kernel_dynamic_lib_build.bat".
23 The Windows kernel build system is rather limited and rather than
24 really rather messing up the directory/file structure just for the
25 Windows kernel platform, I've instead arranged it that these batch
26 files do the necessary work so that "build" will work.
28 The batch files are idempotent; you can run them as often as you
29 like, in any order, at any time (before or after builds), and they'll
30 do the right thing.
32 Linux
33 =====
34 Use GNUmake to run "makefile.linux". Targets are "arrel", "ardbg",
35 "sorel", "sodbg" and "clean". You need to clean between switching
36 targets. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11087 | Hardware Zone at ZeroNights 2019 — ZeroNights 2019
Hardware Zone at ZeroNights 2019
Hardware lovers, there will be a special zone for you at ZeroNights 2019.
If you are interested in listening to hardware-related reports, joining competitions, and meeting experts of the sphere — welcome to Hardware Zone!
Hardware Zone is a place where the interests of people who deal with hardware and software security intersect.
Here everyone will definitely find lots of interesting things. During the two days of ZeroNights, you will have a chance to discuss attacks on hardware, AVR microcontrollers and their specific features, vulnerabilities of common locks and ways to crack them, etc.
Each report will be accompanied by competition tasks and quests so that you could put into practice the gained knowledge.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11127 | Tuesday, August 26th, 2008 4:47am
road sign, New Zealand
This we ask of you:
please, please! Do not shag the sheep…
the cows, they might see.
1. Philipp says:
This is fake. This is Photoshop. Please tell me it’s Photoshop!
2. admin says:
Not Photoshop! I drove past this sign on Waiheke Island and nearly went off the road!
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11157 | EAGLE Tools Revisited
I revisited the tools I previously put together to process EagleCAD files for manufacture. I extended my export tools to generate all the gerbers required for most major board houses (like Advanced Circuits) and PNGs required for Fab modules (used by the Media Lab’s Modella).
As icing on the cake, I also wrote a python script to generate csv parts lists that can be easily uploaded to Digikey.
So, the scripts (a Makefile and a python script, eagle_parts) can export:
These tools will work best under Unixy operating systems, maybe someone can get it to work under Cygwin, I’ve used them under OSX. They depend on a few pretty usual command line tools including GNU make, git, and python and a few unusual tools like EAGLE, gerbv, and imagemagick.
All of these tools should be easy to install via repositories (like macports, fink, apt etc). The only wrinkle under OSX is making EAGLE usable from the command line which can be easily enabled with a softlink
ln -s /usr/bin/eagle /Applications/EAGLE/EAGLE.app/Contents/MacOS/EAGLE
To install the tools, first grab a copy of my eagle_tools git repo
git clone git://bardagjy.com/eagle_tools
In my repo, you’ll get three directories; cam, dru, and export. In the cam directory I’ve shared my Advanced Circuits and Barebones cam files. In the dru directory I’ve shared my design rules for the Modella and Advanced Circuits. In the export directory is a sample makefile and a python script eagle_parts for exporting Digikey compatible csv parts lists.
To use the export tools, copy the makefile into your project directory and change the PROJECT variable to the name of your project. I assume the your .brd and .sch files are the name of your project, though this is not enforced by EAGLE (I should probably fix this in the future).
I prefer to make a softlink from my git repo to /usr/bin
ln -s eagle_tools/export/eagle_parts /usr/bin/eagle_parts
While I’m at it, I link the repo cam and dru files to the system installed cam and dru files.
That’s it! Feel free to ask questions in the comments.
1. […] I have posted an automated tools for gerber export here […]
2. Adrian wrote:
This sounds pretty cool.
Unfortunately your git repo is not working…git clones fail with a connection timed out. Might be better off hosted on github.
• andy wrote:
Adrian, sorry, I updated my git urls. Try $git clone git://git.bardagjy.com/eagle_tools
I do update it fairly regularly to keep up with changes to gerbv and imagemagik. Sorry about the url mixup, hope you give it a try!
3. Adam Setapen wrote:
Nice! I stumbled on this today.
You switched the syntax of the link command. But I still love you.
4. atommann wrote:
Hi Andy,
I want to try your eagle tools, but the repository does not work git://git.bardagjy.com/eagle_tools |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11185 | Friday, April 5, 2019
Baloney for Big Folk
Baloney is still around. You know, mild thinly-sliced sausage that just fits on sandwich bread. It has to be a century since the butcher sliced it off to order, since it's come pre-sliced and sealed in a plastic wrapper probably since around the time Superman made it to the comics. Reliably the same shape and taste in every grocery store here in the U.S., and likely elsewhere as well. Bologna, if you do your grocery shopping on-line. It's my belief that the secret for its longevity lies in a hearty dislike for undependability when one's wish is to just be fed.
Kids are known for that. They don't appreciate their food playing tricks on them. When, inevitably, we become big folk that need for something as reliable as a baloney sandwich, an anchor of sorts, does not leave us.
I could go off on a coffee tangent here, as I see coffee having some striking similarities to bologna. I will, instead, get back to something more bedrock, healthier, and more available. We as earthlings always have what is right under our feet. We have our Earth. It's vibrancy flows up into us through the energy centers in the bottoms of our feet. Those so-called first chakra openings can be widened with a thought. Try it. Say this, "I expand my connection to Earth so that I may be fed." See if it doesn't feel better than baloney.
1 comment:
1. Not quite a century since the butcher lopped off a slice for me when my mother was shopping the meat counter:) I'm adopting your suggestion for my morning yoga/qigong practice...I'll start and end with it...maybe add it to breathing before meals. You are so smart, Maureen! My feet are tingling in anticipation. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11186 | Saturday, December 30, 2017
When 'Slippery Slope' Isn't a Fallacy
Casual logicians often parrot the assertion that "Slippery Slope" is a logical fallacy. It must be... they read it on the Internet. However, repeating what you've read doesn't substitute for thought and proper application, and a Slippery Slope is only a logical fallacy under specific circumstances; those being when the conclusion doesn't follow from the facts. As a fallacy, I'd say it's a special case of non-sequitur (disguised by a series of weak links instead of an immediately stated conclusion that doesn't fit the facts).
At other times, it's no fallacy at all; and that's when the chain of events to the conclusion do follow from the premise... and moreso, when the conclusion is actually demonstrated.
For instance, look at this faulty description of a "Slippery Slope" argument:
"If we allow gay marriage, the next thing we know, people will want to marry their dogs, or their cats, or what about their pigs?"
The problem here is that those -- exactly -- do in fact happen. Here's one website that describes twelve cases: marriage to dogs, cats, horses, cows, goats, a dolphin, and even frogs. You can google more on your own.
Those who employ this particular example are engaging in a more egregious example of their own: the "Suppressed Evidence" fallacy. Because the hard evidence doesn't support their own conclusions, they simply choose to pretend that it doesn't exist. They reject objective reality and substitute their own.
This segues nicely into the topic of dysphoria, which takes us to this article in the National Post:
Becoming disabled by choice, not chance: 'Transabled' people feel like impostors in their fully working bodies
Here we have examples of people who now claim to be "trans-abled"; and who then have elective surgery performed, or mutilate their own bodies, to better fit their self-image of being disabled... lame, blind, etc.
This is a type of delusion: somatic, which is a delusion that the person has some physical defect or general medical condition.
Other examples are those of people who claim to be trans-species, or trans-age.
To be clear, such people are mentally ill. Keep in mind that calling this a "delusion" has nothing to do with fear or hatred. There is no emotion in the recognition of facts. A delusion is readily defined: As phrased by Wikipedia, "a delusion is a mistaken belief that is held with strong conviction even when presented with superior evidence to the contrary."
Superior evidence could include the following:
• You have a full set of working limbs; therefore you are not a paraplegic.
• You are a human, right down to the DNA; therefore you are not a cat.
• You have an X and a Y chromosome; therefore you are not a woman.
Delusions are often harmless. A person with delusional disorder can be high-functioning; holding down a job, paying bills, socializing normally (except for their sometimes quirky idosyncracies). They shouldn't persecuted, because persecuting someone makes you a dick. But being free from persecution doesn't mean they're not still delusional. Nor does it mean that it is "the right thing" to force other, non-delusional, people to enable their dysfunction. I'd say "the right thing" is self-evident: to help them over their difficulties, if possible.
No, I'm not a psychiatrist. You don't have to be a psychiatrist to recognize dysfunction when you see it, or to employ logic, or to to recognize the difference between a person's claims about their "identity" and the overwhelming physical evidence to the contrary. And as psychiatrists go, I think you'd have to be a pretty damned poor one to ignore that evidence yourself. And let's look at those claims, please... although every strand of DNA in a body shows the person to be one thing, this is discarded in favor of a pattern of behavior. Get that? Rather than conclude that the pattern of behavior is the issue, the conclusion is that every cell of every organ in the body is wrong. That's not even rational.
And while there are cases where hormonal imbalances exist, and other organs play a part; the conclusion drawn by enablist psychiatry is that the behavior is the deciding factor. Once this decision is made even once, and because the initial step itself ignores overwhelming evidence to the contrary, it's not possible to justify a distinction between one kind of dysphoria (which is "ok") and other kinds (that are not). Hence, the slippery slope is real, and we do see people marrying their pets, and we do see people cutting off their limbs, and we do see medical professionals who stepped onto that slope not merely rationalizing mutilation and bestiality; but performing mutilations themselves; and we do see people who want this "normalized".
A "Slippery Slope" is not a fallacy when it's the news.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11189 | Quick Zebra Striping in Rails
Posted by admin 12/08/2007 at 08h57
Striping table rows is usually a necessity when making accessible web pages. This can be a tedious task. Through the ages (and by ages I mean the last 10 years or so) there have been many ways to do this in many dynamic languages. Everything from taking the modulo of the index when iterating through the set, to flipping a counter back and forth.
Well, if you’re programming in rails, you get a much easier way to do it via the cycle method. Let me show you how easy it is:
<% @objects.each do |obj| %>
<tr class="<%= cycle("even", "odd") %>">
<td><%= obj.id %></td>
<td><%= obj.title %></td>
<% end %>
Simplicity itself. Now as you loop through the set, it will cycle the class name of the row between “even” and “odd”. Now all you need to do is set CSS values for those classes and your done.
Here is a quick example of a CSS class for odd:
Gotta love rails.
Rescuing Ruby
Posted by admin 11/08/2007 at 19h07
Now, before anyone goes crazy, this article has nothing to do with saving ruby from something, i just couldnt think of a better title. We will be talking about rescue and some cool tricks that can be done with it.
As most of you vets know, every thing in Ruby is an object. What most noobs dont realize is how powerful that can be and how concise your code can become. Of course, the flip side of that problem is what i call, newbie-come-expert. It’s basically the stage in a noob’s study of a language where they think they know enough to write really cool software. What actually happens is they end up with code like this:
@objects.map {|e| [e.id, e.title]}.sort {|a, b| a.last <=> b.last}.map {|e| e.join(" ")}.join("\n")
Dont worry noobs, everyone does it. I’m still trying to undo it from some of my older code.
Anyway, my point is, sometimes Ruby’s dynamicism (say that 3 times fast) can lead to messy code so use this tip wisely.
On to the actual tip.
So, like I said before, EVERYTHING in Ruby is an object, even the remains of a rescue clause or an inline rescue which is what we will be playing with here.
How many of you have done this:
@person = Person.find(some_id)
only to get the following error:
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound: Couldn't find Person with ID=22
It’s pretty annoying, mainly because this type of thing could easily happen in a live app. A user goes to find something that isnt there. One way around it is to have a rescue at the end of the method, but what if you have multiple finds that could throw errors? What if you still need to be able to proceed with whatever you are doing, even if the object isnt found?
This is where inline @rescue@’s can help.
Now you can pull all of your finds together and end them with a rescue.
Let’s say you had the following code:
@person = Person.find(params[:id])
@employee = Employee.find(params[:employee_id])
Now, if either of these finds fail, you will get an error. Instead of rescuing the entire method, you can resuce each statement and make the return value nil and check for nil like you normally would.
New code:
@person = Person.find(params[:id]) rescue nil
@employee = Employee.find(params[:employee_id]) rescue nil
Now when you cant find the ID, it will rescue and just set the variables to nil and move on.
You can also set the rescues to another default datatype instead of nil.
Now, you may be saying, “Wait, why would a user need to enter an id”. Well, one example is an order id, or a tracking number. Anyway, I have run across this a couple of times and thought i’d write something about it.
until next time.
Flvorful has launched!
Posted by admin 11/08/2007 at 18h06
Rails Plugin - Jake's Rails Toolbox
Posted by admin 10/07/2007 at 13h56
hello all,
Ive recreated my old plugin and updated with some new features.
I created this plugin as a hodgepodge of different methods/hacks that i have found useful over the course of developing Rails Apps. I packaged it up as one plugin because most of the methods have nothing to do with each other, but i find them are very useful going from project to project.
Lets talk about them:
ActiveRecord Hacks:
1. Dynamic “nice_date”
Basically, i got tired of typing object.created_at.strftime(“%m-%d-%Y”) so i came up with the following method_missing hack for any Time attribute in an ActiveRecord object. Just prepend “nice_” in front of any Datetime attribute and you will get a nicely formatted date string. Plus some other goodies :)
# => Mon Dec 04 12:36:55 CST 2006
# => "12-04-2006" (mm-dd-YYYY)
# => "04-12-2006" (dd-mm-YYYY)
plus, for you guys (and gals) that like using slashes instead of dashes:
# => "12/04/2006" (mm/dd/YYYY)
# => "04/12/2006" (dd/mm/YYYY)
and finally:
# => "Mon, 04 Dec 2006 12:36:55 -0600" (rfc822)
The attribute must be an instance of Time or a NoMethodError will be thrown
2. Dynamic SEO formatting.
Any method that returns a string can use this dynamic method. This method will create an SEO friendly string out of the attribute chosen (for use mainly in URLS). It will append the objects id (not the object_id, but the id key from the database) so that you can use params[:id] and not have to create new routes.
puts object.id
# => 1
object.title = " Rails is freaking awesome, didn't you know that? "
puts object.seo_title
# => "1-rails-is-freaking-awesome-didnt-you-know-that"
3. nice_name
This one is pretty simple. I found myself adding this same method to alot of my applications. Basically it looks for an attribute called “first_name” and one called “last_name” and combines them together with a space in between.
object.first_name = "jake"
object.last_name = "varghese"
# => "jake varghese"
If the method doesn’t have EITHER first_name or last_name, then a NoMethodError
will be thrown. It must have both attributes
4. create/new from XML
Create an ActiveRecord Object from XML. This method relies on the basics of AR’s current to_xml method (basically, it must be formatted the same).The differences between new_from_xml and create_from_xml are the same as the differences between AR.new and AR.create
If your XML string contains multiple records, it will parse out each record and create an object. The “multiple record” call returns an array like find(:all)
person = Person.new_from_xml(xml_string)
# => #<Project:0x2430758 @attributes={"prototype_url"=>nil, "company"=>"some value",
"order_id"=>45564, "phone_number"=>555544455, "created_at"=>nil,
"email_address"=>[email protected]}, @new_record=true>
String Hacks:
1. SEO friendly.
This method is used in the AR seo hack. It takes a string and makes it seo friendly.
c.title = " Rails is freaking awesome, didn’t you know that? "
# => “rails-is-freaking-awesome-didnt-you-know-that”
Float Hacks:
1. to_s override.
I really hate using sprintf, mainly because i always have to go online and look up the syntax. I figured i make that a little easier. Now you can print floats with different precision as easily as:
4.123456.to_s(1) # => “4.1”
4.123456.to_s(3) # => “4.12”
4.123456.to_s(3) # => “4.123”
4.123456.to_s(4) # => “4.1235” (Note the auto rounding from 4.123456)
4.123456.to_s # => “4.123456”
Hash Hacks:
1. Method Missing hack to allow for easy hash referencing.
I can never remember whether the Hash i am playing with has symbols for keys or strings. I also dont like typing the brackets (not all text editors have the cool “auto close brace” feature). That’s why i came up with this method missing hack. Instead of explaining what it does, I’ll just show you.
hsh = {"project"=>
#=> {"prototype_url"=>nil, "designer_id"=>2, "finished_at"=>nil,
"phone_number"=>"512225555", "website"=>"http://www.ggg.com",
#=> nil
#=> 2
#=> test
So instead of hsh[“project”] you can just write hsh.project
and that’s it. If you want to try it yourself, just run
script/plugin install http://jakes-rails-toolbox.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/jakes_toolbox
You can also checkout the latest rev via SVN at:
svn checkout http://jakes-rails-toolbox.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ vendor/plugins
New Rails Plugin - Acts As Noteable
Posted by admin 10/06/2007 at 13h51
So I was at work and I needed to add notes to multiple models in the same project (before i only had to worry about one model with notes, so it was pretty straightforward). So i bit down and knocked out this little plugin.
I borrowed heavily from Acts As Rateable by Juixe
Run the following command:
script/plugin install http://acts-as-noteable.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/acts_as_noteable
The install will try and copy some scripts over, this works sometimes. If you get a rake error do the following:
1. cd vendor/plugins/acts_as_noteable
2. rake update_scripts
Create a new rails migration:
script/generate migration add_notes_to_project
and add the following self.up and self.down methods
def self.up
create_table "notes", :force => true do |t|
t.column "from", :string, :limit => 50, :default => ""
t.column "body", :text, :default => ""
t.column "created_at", :datetime, :null => false
t.column "noteable_id", :integer, :default => 0, :null => false
t.column "noteable_type", :string, :limit => 15, :default => "", :null => false
def self.down
drop_table :notes
(one day i’ll add a migration script to the plugin to automatically add this :) )
After that run “rake migrate” to create the table.
Now all you need to do is call acts_as_noteable in your model:
class Model < ActiveRecord::Base
Now your model is notable, but that’s not all.
For only 19.95 you get a Helper method to help you create a nice form. Ok, so i am not actually charging, but whatever.
Here’s how the helper works.
In the view you want to display notes in put the following:
<%= display_notes(object) %>
This will create a div filled with the note entries for the object and a AJAX form to add new notes to the object as well as delete notes from the object. The add and delete methods are stored in the notes_controller.rb that gets copied over into your app/controllers directory.
The full implementation for this method is:
<%= display_notes(obj, partial_name = "notes/note", controller_name = "notes") %>
I added the partial name and controller name in case you have multiple controllers in different folders, this way you can display notes for objects whose controllers are buried deep in a folder.
Example: I have an “admin” folder for all the backend stuff and I needed a way to reference the notes controller from different places, otherwise RAILS will assume you are trying to reference a controller from the current folder your in.
After you have called display_notes, your done.
Note** This plugin has not been tested with Rails 2.0 yet |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11192 | Thursday, November 6, 2008
Excel at Excel (Or My Quick Tips for MS Excel)
In this space, sometimes I'll offer strategic insight into the Business Intelligence space, and sometimes I'll offer helpful tips to the grunts* in the field, actually doing the heavy lifting of reporting, analyzing, and planning. These tips will cover mostly Microsoft products, since that’s what I specialize in. I have tips for SQL Reporting Services, SQL Integration Services, SQL Analysis Services, MDX, T-SQL, and most importantly, Microsoft Excel.
The major arrow of every analyst's quiver is Microsoft Excel. Without exception, it is heavily used at every single one of my customers. I won't give away all of my tips now. What would keep you coming back? Certainly not my charming personality...
Here are a few overlooked gems that Microsoft Excel offers you:
-By default, when you look at a spreadsheet, you see the results of the formulas, not the formulas themselves. You can manually set "Show Formulas", or you can just click CTRL-' (that a single quote.) Usually you can find that key just to the left of the 1 key on the top row of your keyboard.
-You can look at the same workbook in two different windows. You can keep "Show Formula" on one view of the workbook and the default results of the formulas on the other view of the workbook. This works great if you have multiple monitors, displaying each view on its own monitor.
-In Excel 2007, the status bar is better than ever. Highlight some cells and look at your status bar at the bottom of the screen. You'll see a count, sum, and average right in front of you. In addition, right-click on the status bar and check out all of your options. You'll be surprised at what you can view down there.
-Most people know how to save a workbook, but did you know you can save an entire workspace? When you work on those month-end reports, and you find yourself looking at the same four worksheets over and over again, save it as a workspace. The next time you work on month-end, just open up the workspace and those four worksheets will open right in front of you. It's hidden on the View tab of the ribbon. It's called "Save Workspace."
-If you want the same report to open each time you start your computer, just follow these steps. First, put a shortcut to MS Excel in the Startup folder of your Start menu. Then find the startup folder of MS Excel. Put your workbook in there. You can usually find it at "C:\Users\Ike(unless your name is not Ike, then just use your name)\AppData\Roaming\Microsoft\Excel\XLStart".
That's it for now. Keep checking back for more quick tips and hints.
*I use the word “grunts” with nothing but respect and fondness. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11220 | The Broken God Machine
By Christopher Buecheler
The metal thing has kept a grim vigil within its blasted circle of bone for more than ten thousand years, and those who cross the boundaries of that ring can expect only death. Standing as God to a cracked and broken people, it waits for the one who holds within him the key that can unlock the miracles of the land beyond.
Pehr lives with his family in their village by the sea, far removed from the metal thing and its worshipers. He is sixteen, fit and strong, nearly ready to take the Hunter's Test and become a man. All he has ever known exists on this small strip of land, trapped between the churning sea on one side and the deadly jungle on the other.
When the vile creatures known as Lagos descend upon his village, Pehr's world is shattered, his family destroyed, and his life thrown into chaos. What begins as a simple attempt to rescue his cousin becomes instead a journey that will change him forever. Somewhere, past the jungle and through the mountains, a girl with purple eyes stands upon the vast plains of her land. She is searching for him, and when at last they meet, the choices they make will bring the entire human race salvation … or destruction.
High above them both, the metal thing awaits.
The Broken God Machine Cover |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11254 | Firms using banks to finance working capital (% of firms) in Lower middle income was reported at 24.99 % in 2018, according to the World Bank collection of development indicators, compiled from officially recognized sources.
Please Paste this Code in your Website
lower middle income firms using banks to finance working capital percent of firms wb data
Firms using banks to finance working capital are the percentage of firms using bank loans to finance working capital.
Lower middle income | Private Sector |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11261 | Sign InHome
Stirling Bridge Jigsaw Puzzle
Jigsaw Puzzle
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The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. On September 11, 1297 the forces of Andrew Murrray (or Moray) and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne, 7th Earl of Surrey and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling, on the River Forth.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11264 | Saturday, February 7, 2009
Finding the Path...
The projects is passing one its bad moment.
As I figured out the first real game level (will be called "The Last Bridge") very complex, I wanna reach this target. But drawing the level with a lot of enemies, allies and presentations is not enough!
In the first level the stealth mode will be very important, but the Hero must be able to hide behind objects.
So I developed the sigh feature (in a way that probably must be refactored later... how can I know if a vector is passing on a solid object? Mah!).
The game has a lot of problems now with the physical borders. Enemy and the hero itself often block the walk when touching a wall or something similar.
I need a pathfinder algorithm! Very popular is the A* (read it a-star) but I need to port it on a non-tile reality...
On the pygame mailing list something suggest a long discussion to read. I hope this help! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11270 | Castletown Beach, Co. Sligo
Built by a forefather, the stone gable unmoved
iron eaten by salt, torn by wind.
Below, he rounded stones defend the sand from
thieving waves that steal the precious grains, a battle
lost in time.
white sand slopes to darker grey and seaweed clad
rocks lie in pools, waiting for the salty wash to
engulf them again.
- Ciaran Burke
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11280 | Making Plans
November 13, 2017:
Lorna and Marcos go to the Mansion and have a chat with Nate about preparing for Genosha. It's agreed that Marcos needs more training.
NPCs: None.
Mentions: Scott Summers, Magneto
Mood Music: [*\# None.]
Fade In…
Its that time of day in the mid afternoon, where dinner time crowds are thinning out and people trying to avoid the meal time rush can be found wandering about outside. the sound of Birds chirping began to cease for the most part, but people still yelled at each other, horns honked,New York was New York, and loud as ever. Marcos decided to pay a visit to the X-mansion and just…well, look around.
Last couple of times he saw it, strange things tended to happen. Like that one time he met a chick that was apparently a snow leopard or some such. Strange times, but seriously cool. He was wearing a black leather jacket today with a red T-shirt that had Black Sabbath on it. Rockbands. Regardless, he's just walking about the grounds, saying hi to people as he passes them, the whole nine.
Though he did wonder if he would meet any more X-men today.
Lorna walked alongside Marcos, because of course she was. There were plans to be made, details to work out. She might no longer call herself an active member of the X-men, but she still cared. Still wanted in on the mission to Genosha. She itched to go, to … well to see the man that was her father again after several years. It was like a vice in her chest, tightening with worry each time she thought about it.
That and the unfinished business in regards to her possible siblings?
It was weighing on her particularly hard. So she was back to the mansion again, hand in hand with Marcos. A hoodie of faded green under a black leather jacket, fingerless gloves and her usual steel toed boots followed. Well, that and a hat, because it was chilly outside and while Marcos was a heater, it wasn't fair to constantly ask that of him.
The cold (short of truly polar cold) does not bother Nate much. He became used to it in his childhood, growing up in a clone pod Mr. Sinister didn't want too comfortable. 'Cold is in the mind' he said to the astral projection of six year-old Nate. Jerk.
Still, Nate wears a brand new armored jacket. Over his brand new paramilitary uniform. Still the grey-black colors he wore in Genosha, but the Xs are back to his shoulders and belt. Since they are in the school grounds, he also wears openly the utility belt with the large combat knife. Maybe a bit of a startling sight when he almost runs into them, just out of the kitchen.
Of course there is a coffee mug in his hand. It is almost part of the uniform too, although Lorna probably has not been around enough to notice how much coffee he consumes. "Lorna, hello… ah, Marcos. Welcome back. How goes?"
Marcos would give Lorna's hand a small squeeze, looking around the place. "It really is beautiful out." he eventually comments, because ironically enough he enjoys the cold weather. Though when he sees Nate, he gives the fellow a little wave with his free hand, though he notices his attire.
"Been Busy?" he asks curiously, looking at the X's on Nates shoulders and on his utility belt. Everyone has a style right? He may or may not softly wonder if he could join the X-men to get a beastly costume. Regardless, he turns his attention back to Lorna, and gives her a half hug to provide body heat. Because it was in the job description of Boyfriend when they decided to date.
Lorna glanced around once at Marcos' comment and she slowly nodded, a sigh pulling at her lips. "Yeah, I guess so. When I was going to school here I never really appreciated it." A faint smile traced the corners of her lips as she looked around and back to Marcos. "It's pretty different than Mutant Town, yeah?"
Green eyes settled on Nate as he approached and she offered a wave toward the young man with a flap of her gloved hand. Gloves meant no swirly rainbows between the two lovers. But they were still sickenly cute with the way that Lorna curled up under the half hug of Marcos' arm.
"Hey Nate. Nice suit."
Nate hrms. "Oh right. Just out of the fabricator… it has more armor than the previous one. I kind of like it," a faint smile is offered, and he concentrates, forcing the uniform to switch into something more casual and without so blatant X-symbols. Now he almost looks like he is wearing cargo pants and a regular leather jacket.
"I get shot with alarming frequency," he mentions lightly. "Laura keeps telling me to stop bleeding so much. Here trying to comply."
Marcos smiles to Lorna warmly when she curls up into him, which he is more than happy to allow to share his body heat. He didn't mind being a little flirty with his girlfriend, but he does turn his head to Nate when he flat out changes clothes all cool-tech like.
"Whoa….that was awesome." he admits, before his eyes fall upon Lorna "Only a little bit." a grin there, but it's sincere, looking back to Nate when he speaks "Who's Laura? seems nice." he shrugs, he was possibly just being sarcastic.
Lorna's lips twitched, "If you wanted armor you should've talked to me. You know I'm pretty good at mixing alloys.." She offered lightly, then she paused, consider and her smile faded.
"Maybe not such a good idea actually. You should look into using a plastic based polymer.." She exhaled a breath, and shifted awkwardly on her feet.
"Considering what happened last time you went to Genosha? Yeah, armor is a good idea. And Laura is right." A glance was spared for Marcos as he mentioned Laura and she dragged her lower lip between her teeth.
"Laura uhm… takes some getting used to. I guess you could say."
"No steel," definitely. Not for Magneto. In general. "Mostly Kevlar, light ceramics that are psycho-sensitive, so I can shift them easily with the T.K." Not that any amount of armor could have protecting him from what happened in Genosha with Jean's clone. But it did protect him from sniper bullets.
"Laura has been through a lot," he mentions. "Just give her a chance. She is a good person and means well. Illy and me have been working to get her more… normal. Mostly succeeded, I think. She is speaking far more than a couple years ago."
Marcos chuckles a bit when Lorna starts to become more vocal when armor is mentioned, smiling at her a bit. "Ah, gotcha gotcha. Well, if what Nate here says is true, I think we'll get along just fine. Hopefully she doesnt rage at me." but he nods, having been through quite a bit himself. "Consider chance given." a chuckle there for a moment.
"Psycho sensitive? Nifty." he comments, pondering things but he shrugs
Lorna grimaced again as Nate talks about the Kevlar and other bits and pieces. Still, she nods and falls silent for a bit the subject of Laura came up. "She has, and she's getting better. I assume she doesn't throw knives at the other kids around here and I'm just special, right?" She arched a brow, and tilted her head at Nate. Her hand giving Marcos' arm a squeeze.
"We should ask to get you armor too." She murmured, glancing to Nate. "He wants to come with me to Genosha."
Nate eehs about Laura throwing knives. No, she doesn't do that. Probably someone mentioned they wanted to be kept on their toes and she went helpful-literal. "Maybe she just wanted to see your powers in action," he suggest. "She has never thrown a knife to me, but she has been… well, she spends a good deal of time training and learning and tends to view anything else as a waste of time. Her childhood was nasty. Worse than mine."
Yes. Worse than growing up in a scorched, war-thorn hellhole. At least Nate had good friends.
"Ah, so you are coming," the young man seizes Marcos up, quickly. "Some armor would be good. Supposedly we are in a diplomatic mission, but I expect plenty of fighting because it never fails. If you are not used to it. Well, Lorna can shield you. But you might want to go through a few intensive training sessions before we leave. Scott will have to clear you up for those. I don't have the codes."
Marcos seems to just -beam- when he hears about armor. "Whoa…whoa whoa..I get armor?!" he looks like a kid on christmas day who got -exactly- what he wanted even though he wasn't asking for it. But he does cough a bit, but when he hears Laura threw a knife at Lorna, he sighs.
"Okay…instantly on the wrong side of me, this Laura." he squeezes Lorna's shoulder then "But! I'll be optimistic." he smiles big and warm, though he does look to Nate at his words "Alright…would always be good to be more in depth with my powers than before right? training sounds nice."
Lorna nodded, "I was telling him I figure it'll go south, it's kind of what we deal with on a regular basis. And he's used to following along with me and I'm just the poster child for a troubled young girl." She glanced from Nate back to Marcos and patted his hand.
"I'll make sure there's no metal on you anywhere. If it comes to it, I can keep a barrier up if you stick near me. It won't be much use against my father's magnetic blasts, but I can at least keep you safe from most everything else." She whispered.
"And Laura saw me cooking, it's what drew her to the kitchen after all. I think the knife was because I mentioned training via dodging wrenches." She shrugged lightly and dragged a fingerless glove through her hair. "Don't hold that against her at least." She murmured toward her boyfriend.
"..Also yeah. Training sounds like a good idea. Marcos is solid on the street and in hairy situations, but he hasn't gone up against other mutants as much.."
"Sentinels are more likely problem this time," mentions Nate. Evil grin. "Supposedly we are not going to fight Mags. If it comes to that, I will handle him." He is serious this time. Magneto is a weight class into himself. Nate has gone through many battle simulations and he usually loses. But at least he feels at least he has a chance.
And he is being his usual suicidal self. The only way the X-Men defeated Magneto in the past was through teamwork. Scott will probably yell at him later for suggesting it.
Still a diplomatic-ish mission. But Nate has other things in mind.
Marcos turns his head to Lorna, leaning into her when she whispers to him so that he could hear her, whispering in return so only they could hear "Alright…I'll trust it's main composition to you." he says confident in her ability and opinion. Though she was right, he's not too experienced in fighting other mutants, just street scum and police.
Back to normal volume and out of Lorna's ear. "Alrighty, so that's what happened. Alright, consider her in initial good graces again." he hugs Lorna in that half-hug he gave her previously before turning his attention to nate.
"Oh…those giant robots? Think I saw them in the news a few years back. No bueno." he sighs a bit…well, if that didn't make him nervous….heh. great, giant robots. But he did tilt his head at Nate "In videos I've seen of you guys fighting, I'm pretty sure it took all of you to take him down. Don't go it alone even if your confident in your abilities….lord knows I've done the same and still got my ass handed to me on a few occasions. Given, situations radically different…." he sighs then. point was made!
Lorna frowned faintly, "You think they're still going to be on the island?" She arched a brow and considered. She hated Sentinels. But then, the subject shifted back to her father and despite the warmth of Marcos' arm around her shoulders she felt cold.
"Magneto causes violence where ever he goes. If it doesn't come to blows I'll be shocked." Green eyes flickered back toward Marcos and she gave his hand a squeeze. "I have a feeling that the rest of the world is going to have problems with him being active again, and you know, alive. Never mind that the Brotherhood might start picking up again." Like her siblings… but that was another family drama waiting to happen.
"The Genoshan had a factory," points out Nate. "Chances all the Sentinels have been deactivated in a month are near zero. Chances all the Magistrates and supremacist are suddenly okay with the change of government? Less than zero." He sighs, finishes his coffee and points back with his thumb. "Go find Scott, let Lorna take you to the training room later. It is a neat place." And if Lorna is smart they will also talk about ways they can take down Magneto. "I am going back to the city, I will be back late in the night. Maybe. Take care."
Marcos nods a few times to Lorna, keeping her close to him as he listens to Nate's theory of chances that the Sentinels are deactivated…but it doesnt exactly make Marcos feel any better because…well, they're still there! so he just kinda takes a breath, and when Nate takes his leave, he waves at him. "So long Nate. See you soon."
Though now talk of training actually has him a little excited. He's not an expert with his powers, but he could explore everything he could possibly do with them if he sticks with the X-Men. Besides, fighting the bad guys this time around sounds awesome.
He gives Lorna a kiss on the cheek "Don't worry, it'll be alright. If we end up fighting, well, we stick together."
Lorna nodded to Nate in regards to the Sentinels and her expression closed off briefly in thought. She waved to him as Nate departed and she glanced back up at Marocs as he spoke and pressed a kiss to her cheek. She sighed, turning to face him fully. Her hands made to entwine with his and she gave them a gentle squeeze. "If my father shows up.. I don't know how much use I'll be. My powers… they're the same. And he's so much stronger than I am. He can over power me. I'm useless against him other than being in the way." She whispered, "If he shows up, looking to attack.. I don't know .." She pursed her lips together and fought the urge to grimace again.
"Don't attack him directly. Your powers based on charged particles, his shields will block them. It'll exhaust you before you get any sort of hit on him. It's better for you to attack the surroundings—" She broke off, swallowing a hard lump in her throat that stole her breath and voice.
Marcos gives Lorna's hands a good squeeze, looking her right in the eyes as he hears her concerns and advice. He could tell she was nervous…or perhaps afraid may be the better word. They -are- probably going to end up facing off against the biggest mutant bad (Apocalypse aside) that he knows of. He chuckles to her lightly.
"Lorna…" he touches his forehead to hers to have her look at him, love in his eyes "Don't worry Lorna. Everything will be alright. We're a team you and I. We'll get through it together. I'll work on my powers and use the environment to help out. You'll be surprised of what Light can do." he smiles warmly to her, before he leans in to kiss her lips lovingly.
Lorna's hands closed and locked around his own tightly, as if afraid that he might vanish from sight. When she'd been trapped in that other world? It had been the knowledge that he was here, safe and unharmed and not in imminent danger that kept her going. Along with the hope that she might be able to get home. Now she was dragging him into a dangerous situation, far more dangerous than anything they'd faced together in the past year or so.
Her heart squeezed painfully in her chest and she returned the affection he offered wholly. At least until she broke away, green eyes flickering over him.
"You've never faced him down.. and I've never had to actually fight him. I don't know how he'll treat me.. he hadn't seen me in over three years and even then.. I don't know if he'll try to kill me for interfering or trying to go Darth Vader on me and ask me to join him." Her throat tighened up.
"…And I honestly don't what's worse Marcos, because I'm scared that the situtation there might be bad enough that I'll find myself agreeing with him.."
Marcos hums against her lips just lightly enough before they pull away, his deep brown eyes looking into her own. "Yeah…you're right. I haven't. Hell, he oculd try to kill me on sight even." he states the possibilities…but not like Lorna has to hear them. He does nod a couple of times though. "You can never know how he'll treat you. Who knows? he could end up welcoming you as family."
He was always the optimist, though he does shrug "and if he tries to convince you a ton, don't worry, I'll be there to keep you straight." he smiles to her, looking her in the eyes "Let's look after each other okay? I'll be sure you're a good distance from him at all times." he does smile though, he frowns soon after when he hears that she's afraid that she might end up agreeing with him.
"Hey…hey, even if you do, his methods arn't…they're not exactly the best. Us against the world." he smiles.
Lorna's lips twisted into another grimace, even as Marcos attempted to sooth her fears with optimism, it was hard to offer much else back. "He didn't kill me three years ago, so I guess there's that." He had said he's stayed away due to some promise he'd made her mother.. But how much can that matter to a man that has killed thousands? Never mind that she wasn't attempting to fight against him then.
She didn't even know the situation in Genosha well enough yet. Didn't know if she could find an argument to not work with him there. Where mutants had been held as slaves and tormented.. It made her stomach knot sickeningly and she had to fight the bile that rose at the back of her throat at the thought.
She focused on Marcos' words, her green eyes lifting toward him. "I don't agree with his methods, no.. but.. I don't believe exactly in the Professor's dreams anymore either." She whispered. "I left looking for answers.. and I found that I don't agree with either of them… but I'm scared that my anger will get away from me as it did in Nate's world. I was constantly on edge, Marcos. I didn't feel like myself." She gave his hands another tight squeeze. Of course, he hadn't been there to be her rock either.
Marcos looks at her as she speaks, completely and fully, before he just walks her over to a nearby bench to have her sit down. "Sit down with me Lorna." he smiels warmly to her, widening his arms for her to possibly sit in his lap or just in his embrace. "If he didn't kill you then…well, that helps. I'd be happy that he didn't." he laughs then good naturedly.
But he smiles to her with a warmth "Hey…I don't even know in full what the professors dreams are. Worse comes to worse…well, we'l make our own way if both of them isn't how we decide to roll alright?" he smiles to her warmly. "I'm sorry you know…..sorry I wasn't there. If I was…I…" he sighs a moment.
Lorna moved at his gentle urging, settling onto his lap as he offered it to her, her arms sliding around his shoulders for support as her frame curled up into his body heat all too happily. The cold was not a place, generally speaking, to work out issues that had been plaguing a person. Still, in an environment where there were telepaths and mutants with heightened senses, it was as close to privacy as they'd get.
"The Professor, and Scott and Jean by exntension believe that humans and mutants can peacefully co-exist. And that the X-men stand up for those that are too weak to protect themselves.. That people in general are good and peaceful relations can be achieved. My father.. and the Brotherhood don't think it's possible." Her lips pursed together.
"They think that if mutants are to gain rights, and safety that it has to be taken by force. That humanity will never accept us." She whispered, "Along with mutant supremacy of course. And the concept that the ends justify the means.." She leaned forward, shifting as she cupped her hands against his cheeks.
"And then there's us.. in between it all.." She whispered, pressing her forehead against his own.
"I am not sorry you weren't in that awful world. I survived. I came back. I will always come back to you. You being safe meant the world to me. To know that you were still alive and well and here? Jean had said she had hope that Scott didn't end up there.. and he did. That you were no where near the Danger Room and weren't brought over too? It gave me the strength to fight to come back. I'm not sorry that you weren't there. Even if I missed you.."
Marcos would wrap his arms around Lorna when she curls up into him and explains the main differences between the Brotehrhood and the X-Men. He looked into her eyes the whole way. "Ah….I see now….it makes sense I guess. It explains how they've both been going at it for years. Though if I had an opinion of one or the other…I'd have to go with the X-lings." he sighs a moment, though he looks at Lorna when she cups his cheeks.
"and then there's us." he presses his forehead to hers, their hair mixing together as their heads came closer.
"Maybe…but I could have helped you. Even if I was alive in that world, that would have been enough." he looks guilty that he wasn't there, even though it was far beyond his control. He looks at Lorna though when she states that he was her reason of keeping going. He fights back a tear, but he does smile warmly to her. "I love you Lorna."
Lorna sighed into his embrace, the warmth as always, so uniquely his was just as pervasive a means of calming her as wrapping a thick blanket around most people was. She brushed her thumb against his jaw line gently, her eyes half slipping shut. "I want the Professor's dream. I want it to be reality. I want our kind to have a future and to be able to live.." She murmured softly.
"I just don't see it happening in our life time. I don't think it's possible so fast. Maybe our children's children.. but even then. I think of all the groups that man has hated over the centuries, and I just keep thinking.. that was when it was differences of faith, nation, skin, gender… Not something as open as mutations." She pursed her lips together, and bit back another sigh.
"I don't approve of the Brotherhood's message, their methods.. But I do agree that we have to stand up for each other. Fight for each other. Protect each other." Her hand flattened to smooth against his cheek.
"..I know you would have done everything you could've done to help. It's what you do. Why do you think I'm not arguing for you to stay behind while I run off to certain danger?" Her lips twitched. "You go, I go. I go, you go. Package deal, right?"
Marcos would nod a few times to Lorna "I want that dream too." he rests his head with hers, listening to her words about how she feels about if the dream of Xavier is truly liable and possible. "Maybe…but even with the Brotherhoods methods, It'll likely take the same amount of time…and just because we may be superior, it doesnt make it right. White people arn't superior to black people, or vice versa. males arn't better than females, and vice versa. Why should mutants and humans be any different…" he sighs. Given, in those social battles people couldn't fly or do insane things of that ilk.
But he does smile to Lorna when she smoothes her hand against his cheek, which he leans his face into to indulge in. "We are a package deal. Where you go, I follow. Where I go, I want you with me every step of the way. I love you Lorna. I wouldn't want it any other way." he holds her close to him, his lips touching hers.
Lorna nodded, "I know. I know.. Mutants are treated like trash, or worse.. we're like the ultimate racist's fear. The boogeyman that can actually fight back. It's a small wonder that people are afraid of us. With people like my father out there.. Pietro and Wanda.. They're playing right into those fears. It's not right to perpetuate the same hatred.." Her lips twisted and pursed into a thin line of thought.
"I need to talk to my father about them.. He can't be unaware of them." She muttered, looking away. Something to talk to Magneto about that wasn't about the politics of mutant rights. Shocker there. Family and mutants. The two subjects that Lorna knew her father felt strongly about one way or another.
Then of course, Marcos continued on about them being a package deal and she smiled, warmth returning to her expression. She returned the kiss, and lingered close afterward. "C'mon, we need to find someone to unlock the Danger Room so we can start training you up some more. Since we're a package deal and all, we need to get you up to snuff for dealing with my family.." She murmured.
Marcos would smile to her warmly, listening to her as they just lay there with each other, and enjoyed the kiss…they always were there for each other. No ifs ands or buts. It wouldn't be the first time he agreed to come along with no questions asked because it was Lorna.
When the Danger room is brought up, as well as combatting her family, he nods a bit. "Alright…though I think we can rest here a little longer." he kisses her forehead then, a hand coming up to massage her scalp. "Well…I always did want to meet your father." for reasons…possibly involving a ring. Regardless!
Lorna smiled as he nodded and ran his fingers through her hair. She adored such simple touches, and leaned into it, her eyes drifting shut. "Alright, you've convinced me we can stay outside in the cold a little while longer.." She murmured, leaning into the massage. She shifted, curling up more firmly in his embrace against the cold.
Her lips twitching faintly. "..Can't say I've ever dated a man that willingly decided he wanted to meet Magneto.." She whispered softly.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11297 | 05 November 2005
Petition for Appeal Freak Out
The petition is written. I even hand delivered a copy to the Commonwealth Attorney at the end of the week. Unfortunately, I was too lazy to get in the office on time this morning and get it out by certified mail. It's not a problem; for a change I actually got it done early.
So, I'm rereading a copy of the statute I have laying around and think I spot an error. Something is not in the statute which I thought was there - something which will change the entire argument. I freak out. I've given this thing to the prosecutor. I've got a gazillion copies printed up and ready to mail out to the court of appeals and my client. I go into panic mode. I look to all the sources I can find online free - no help. I look on VersusLaw - no help. I get on to WestLaw and pay the extortionate rates. $4.50 to do a keycite. I copy the info I need and get off of WestLaw as quickly as I can just in case it's charging me more for each second I'm logged in.
I look over the West history of the statute. It doesn't show the change which is freaking me out. I look over the history again. It still doesn't show the change. For a second I start to think that it's no wonder I missed the change if WestLaw did. Then I think again. Something's wrong. I look at the typed out version of the statute which freaked me out and *ping* I finally get it. When I copied the statute I took out the non-relevant addition which the General Assembly added as of 01July 2005. I also took out the phrase immediately before it which should have still been in the statute. What an idiot. I wasted an hour on this garbage just to find out I hadn't made an error.
1 comment:
Anonymous said...
Not to mention the $4.50! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11329 | See if this sounds familiar:
Mom: “Johnny, please put the bag of chips back in the kitchen.”
Johnny: “I wasn’t the only one eating them! Why do I have to put them away? It’s not fair!”
Not the response you were hoping for.
Or, consider this:
Johnny: “OK mom,” (and he does it).
Obviously, much better.
Your kids receive many parental requests each day. They will develop some type of habit in responding to those requests. Generally speaking, they will develop a habit of either “fast listening” or “slow listening.”
Fast listening is when your kids respond with respectful words and respectful actions. For example, when you ask them to brush their teeth, they can say “OK” and do it, or they can respond with a respectful question or comment.
Slow listening is when your kids respond by ignoring, arguing, defiance, or any response that is disrespectful.
Bad habits often start small and grow bigger. Occasional instances of slow listening gradually become more frequent. If you let them go unchecked, you can have disrespectful kids on your hands before you know what hit you.
If you want to teach your kids to be respectful fast listeners from the very start, here are a few ideas that will help:
1) Review fast listening. Sit down with your kids and explain what fast listening is (see above). Give them a few examples of how fast listening will sound and look to a typical parental request.
2) Require fast listening. When you ask your kids to do something, expect them to respond respectfully, or in other words, to fast listen. If they don’t, remind them in a warm but firm way. I call this “on the spot coaching.” Do what you can to help your kids make the right response.
3) Reward fast listening. When your kids respond respectfully to a parental request, let them know that you noticed and appreciate their effort to be respectful. Warm, encouraging positive feedback from a parent can go a long way in helping your kids develop good habits.
4) Respond to slow listening. Finally, when your kids slow listen, respond immediately. Your response should clearly communicate that slow listening is not acceptable. You may give them a chance to correct their response, as I described in #2 above. You may use a Time Out or other negative consequence. But respond you must, if you want your kids to learn the lesson that slow listening is a one-way ticket to nowhere.
Fast listening is simply a respectful response to a parental request. It is a habit that you definitely want your kids to develop. The fact is, your kids will develop many habits as they grow up. Make sure fast listening is one of them.
They’ll thank you for it.
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French orthography
Article Id: WHEBN0002102415
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Title: French orthography
Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Language: English
Subject: French language, French grammar, Aspirated h, Camp Chezar, Ouagadougou
Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia
French orthography
French orthography encompasses the spelling and punctuation of the French language. It is based on a combination of phonemic and historical principles. The spelling of words is largely based on the pronunciation of Old French c. 1100–1200 CE and has stayed more or less the same since then, despite enormous changes to the pronunciation of the language in the intervening years. This has resulted in a complicated relationship between spelling and sound, especially for vowels; a multitude of silent letters; and a large number of homophones (e.g., saint/sein/sain/ceins/ceint, sang/sans/cent). Later attempts to respell some words in accordance with their Latin etymologies further increased the number of silent letters (e.g., temps vs. older tens – compare English "tense", which reflects the original spelling – and vingt vs. older vint). Nevertheless, there are rules governing French orthography which allow for a reasonable degree of accuracy when producing French words from their written forms. The reverse operation, producing written forms from a pronunciation, fails with a higher frequency.
The French alphabet is based on the 26 letters of the Latin alphabet, uppercase and lowercase, with five diacritics and two orthographic ligatures.
Letter Name Name (IPA) Diacritics and ligatures
A a /ɑ/ Àà, Ââ, Ææ, Ää
B /be/
C /se/ Çç
D /de/
E e /ə/ Éé, Èè, Êê, Ëë
F effe /ɛf/
G /ʒe/
H ache /aʃ/
I i /i/ Îî, Ïï
J ji /ʒi/
K ka /kɑ/
L elle /ɛl/
M emme /ɛm/
N enne /ɛn/
O o /o/ Ôô, Œœ, Öö
P /pe/
Q qu /ky/
R erre /ɛʁ/
S esse /ɛs/
T /te/
U u /y/ Ùù, Ûû, Üü
V /ve/
W double vé /dubləve/
X ixe /iks/
Y i grec /iɡʁɛk/ Ÿÿ
Z zède /zɛd/
The letters w and k are rarely used except in loan words or regional words. The phoneme /w/ sound is usually written ou; the /k/ sound is usually written c anywhere but before e, i, qu before e, i, and que at the ends of words. However, k is common in the metrological prefix kilo- (originally from Greek χίλια chilia "a thousand"): kilogramme, kilomètre, kilowatt, kilohertz, etc.
The usual diacritic marks are the acute ( ´, accent aigu), the grave ( ` , accent grave), the circumflex ( ˆ , circonflexe), the diaeresis ( ¨ , tréma), and the cedilla ( ¸ , cédille). Diacritics have no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
• Acute accent (é): Over e, indicates uniquely the sound /e/. An é in modern French is often used where a combination of e and a consonant, usually s, would have been used formerly: écouter < escouter.
• Grave accent (à, è, ù): Over a or u, used primarily to distinguish homophones: à ("to") vs. a ("has"), ou ("or") vs. ("where"; ù exists only in this word). Over an e, indicates the sound /ɛ/.
• Circumflex (â, ê, î, ô, û): Over a, e and o, indicates the sound /ɑ/, /ɛ/ and /o/, respectively, but the distinction a /a/ vs. â /ɑ/ tends to disappear in Parisian French, so they are pronounced both [a]. In Belgian French, ê is pronounced [ɛː]. Most often indicates the historical deletion of an adjacent letter (usually an s or a vowel): château < castel, fête < feste, sûr < seur, dîner < disner. (In medieval manuscripts many letters were often written as diacritical marks: the circumflex for "s" and the tilde for "n" are examples.) It has also come to be used to distinguish homophones: du ("of the") vs. (past participle of devoir "to have to do something (pertaining to an act)"); however is in fact written thus because of a dropped e: deu). (See Use of the circumflex in French.) Since the 1990 orthographic changes, the circumflex on most i and u may be dropped when it does not serve to dintinguish homophones: chaîne becomes chaine but sûr (sure) does not change because of sur (on).
• Diaeresis or tréma (ë, ï, ü, ÿ): Over e, i, u or y, indicates that a vowel is to be pronounced separately from the preceding one: naïve, Noël. A diaeresis on y only occurs in some proper names and in modern editions of old French texts. Some proper names in which ÿ appears include Aÿ (commune in canton de la Marne, formerly Aÿ-Champagne), Rue des Cloÿs (alley in the 18th arrondissement of Paris), Croÿ (family name and hotel on the Boulevard Raspail, Paris), Château du Feÿ (near Joigny), Ghÿs (name of Flemish origin spelt Ghijs where ij in handwriting looked like ÿ to French clerks), L'Haÿ-les-Roses (commune between Paris and Orly airport), Pierre Louÿs (author), Moÿ (place in commune de l'Aisne and family name), and Le Blanc de Nicolaÿ (an insurance company in eastern France). The diaeresis on u appears in the Biblical proper names Archélaüs, Capharnaüm, Emmaüs, Ésaü, and Saül, as well as French names such as Haüy. Nevertheless, since the 1990 orthographic changes, the diaeresis in words containing guë (such as aiguë or ciguë) may be moved onto the u: aigüe, cigüe, and by analogy may be used in verbs such as j'argüe. In addition, words coming from German retain their umlaut (ä, ö and ü) if applicable but use French pronunciation, such as Kärcher (trademark of a pressure washer).
• Cedilla (ç): Under c, this is pronounced /s/ rather than /k/. Thus je lance "I throw" (with c = [s] before e), je lançais "I was throwing" (c would be pronounced [k] before a without the cedilla). The c cedilla (ç) softens the hard /k/ sound to /s/ before the vowels a, o or u, for example, ça /sa/. Ç is never used before the vowels e, i, or y, since these three vowels always produce a soft /s/ sound (ce, ci, cycle).
The tilde diacritical mark ( ˜ ) above n is occasionally used in French for words and names of Spanish origin that have been incorporated into the language (e.g., cañon, El Niño). Like the other diacritics, the tilde has no impact on the primary alphabetical order.
Diacritics are often omitted on capital letters, mainly for technical reasons. It is widely believed that they are not required; however both the Académie française and the Office québécois de la langue française reject this usage and confirm that "in French, the accent has full orthographic value",[1] except for acronyms but not for abbreviations (e.g., CEE, ALENA, but É.-U.).[2] Nevertheless, diacritics are often ignored in word games, including crosswords, Scrabble, and Des chiffres et des lettres.
The two ligatures œ and æ, have orthographic value. For determining alphabetical order, these ligatures are treated like the sequences oe and ae.
(French: o, e dans l'o or o, e collés/liés) This ligature is a mandatory contraction of oe in certain words. Some of these are native French words, with the pronunciation /œ/ or /ø/, e.g., sœur "sister" /sœʁ/, œuvre "work (of art)" /œvʁ/. Note that it usually appears in the combination œu; œil "eye" is an exception. Many of these words were originally written with the digraph eu; the o in the ligature represents a sometimes artificial attempt to imitate the Latin spelling: Latin bovem > Old French buef/beuf > Modern French bœuf.
Œ is also used in words of Greek origin, as the Latin rendering of the Greek diphthong οι, e.g., cœlacanthe "coelacanth". These words used to be pronounced with the vowel /e/, but in recent years a spelling pronunciation with /ø/ has taken hold, e.g., œsophage /ezɔfaʒ/ or /øzɔfaʒ/, Œdipe /edip/ or /ødip/ etc. The pronunciation with /e/ is often seen to be more correct.
When œ is found behind the letter c, the c can be pronounced /k/ in some cases (cœur), or /s/ in others (cœlacanthe).
The ligature œ is not used when both letters contribute different sounds. For example, when o is part of a prefix (coexister), or when e is part of a suffix (minoen), or in the word moelle and its derivatives.[3]
(French: a, e dans l'a or a, e collés/liés) This ligature is rare, appearing only in some words of Latin and Greek origin like tænia, ex æquo, cæcum, æthyse (as named dog’s parsley).[4] It generally represents the vowel /e/, like é.
The sequence ae appears in loanwords where both sounds are heard, as in maestro and paella.[5]
Digraphs and trigraphs
French digraphs and trigraphs have both historical and phonological origins. In the first case, it is a vestige of the spelling in the word's original language (usually Latin or Greek) maintained in modern French, for example, the use of ph in words like téléphone, th in words like théorème, or ch in chaotique. In the second case, a digraph is due to an archaic pronunciation, such as eu, au, oi, ai, and œu, or is merely a convenient way to expand the twenty-six-letter alphabet to cover all relevant phonemes, as in ch, on, an, ou, un, and in. Some cases are a mixture of these or are used for purely pragmatic reasons, such as ge for /ʒ/ in il mangeait ('he ate'), where the e serves to indicate a "soft" g inherent in the verb's root.
Sound to spelling correspondences
Consonants and combinations of consonant letters
Spelling Major value
Examples of major value Minor values
Examples of minor value Exceptions
-bs, -cs, -ds, -gs, -ps, -ts Ø plombs, blancs, prends, longs, draps, achats
b, bb non-finally /b/ ballon, abbé
finally Ø plomb
ç /s/ ça, garçon, reçu
c before e, i, y /s/ cyclone, loquace, douce, ciel, ceux
initially/medially elsewhere /k/ cabas, crasse, cœur, sac /s/ cœlacanthe
finally Ø tabac, blanc /k/ lac, donc
cc before e, i, y /ks/ accès
elsewhere /k/ accord
ch /ʃ/ chat, douche /k/ chaotique, chlore
d, dd non-finally /d/ doux, adresse, addition
finally Ø pied, accord
f, ff /f/ fait, affoler
g before e, i, y /ʒ/ gens, manger
initially/medially elsewhere /ɡ/ gain, glacier
finally Ø long /g/ zigzag
gg before e, i, y // suggérer
elsewhere /g/ aggraver
gn /ɲ/ montagne, agneau /gn/ gnou
h Ø habite, hiver
j /ʒ/ joue, jeter
l, ll non-finally /l/ lait, allier
finally Ø fusil, /l/ il, quel
m, mm /m/ mou, pomme
n, nn /n/ nouvel, panne
ng /ŋ/ parking, camping
p, pp non-finally /p/ pain, appel
finally Ø corp, trop
ph /f/ téléphone, photo
-pt /pt/ concept /t/ sept
r, rr /ʁ/ rat, barre
s initially
between two consonants
between a vowel and a consonant
/s/ sacre, estime, penser, instituer /z/ transat, transiter
between two vowels /z/ rose, paysage
finally Ø dans, repas /s/ fils
sc before e, i, y /s/ science
elsewhere /sk/ script
ss /s/ baisser, passer
t, tt non-finally /t/ tout, attente
finally Ø tant, raffut /t/ est (direction)
th /t/ thème, thermique
v /v/ ville, vanne
x next to
a voiceless consonant
/ks/ expansion
medially elsewhere /ɡz/ exigence, exulter /s/
finally Ø paix, deux /s/
six, dix
index, pharynx
xc before e, i, y /ks/ exciter
elsewhere /ksk/ excavation
y /j/ yeux, yole
z non-finally /z/ zain, gazette
finally Ø chez /z/ gaz
Vowels and combinations of vowel letters
Spelling Major value
Examples of major value Minor values
Examples of minor value Exceptions
a, à /a/ patte, arable, là /ɑ/ araser, base
â /ɑ/ château
ai /ɛ/
vrai, faite
baisser, aiguille
/ə/ faisons[6]
/ɛ/ mtre, chne
/ai/ nf, hr
aie /ɛ/ baie
aou /u/ saoul, août
au /o/ haut, augure /ɔ/ sauropode, dinosaure
ay elsewhere /ɛj/ ayons, essayer /ei/ pays, /aj/ mayonnaise, papaye
finally /ɛ/ gamay, margay, railway
e elsewhere /ə/ repeser, genoux /e/ essence /a/ femme, fréquemment,[7] solennel
before two or more consonants
(including double consonants),
x (in all cases), or
a final consonant (silent or pronounced)
/ɛ/ est, estival, voyelle, examiner, exécuter, quel, chalet /e/ et
in a position where
it can be easily elided
Ø caisse, unique, acheter, franchement /ə/ que, secret, je
é, ée /e/ clé, échapper, idée
è /ɛ/ relève, zèle
ê /ɛ/ tête, crêpe, forêt, prêt
eau /o/ eau, oiseaux
ei /ɛ/ neige, reine
/ɛ/ rtre
eu phonologically finally
before /z/
/ø/ heureux, peu, chanteuse /y/ eu
elsewhere /œ/ beurre, jeune /ø/ feutre, neutre
/ø/ jne
i elsewhere /i/ ici, proscrire
before vowel /j/ fief, ionique, rien
-ie /i/ régie
o phonologically finally /o/ pro, mot, gros
elsewhere /ɔ/ carotte, offre /o/ frosse, fosse
ô /o/ tôt, cône
œ /œ/ œil /e/ œsophage
oe /oe/ coefficient /we/ moelleux
œu /œ/ sœur, cœur /ø/ vœu
oi, oie /wa/ roi, oiseau, foie, trois, noix /ɔ/ oignon
/oi/ ct, astérde
ou elsewhere /u/ ouvrir, sous
before vowel /w/ ouest, couiner, oui
-oue /u/ roue
oy /waj/ moyen, royaume /ɔj/ goyave, cow-boy
u elsewhere /y/ tu, juge
before vowel /ɥ/ huit, tuer
-ue final /y/ rue
y /i/ cyclone, style
Combinations of vowel and consonant letters
Spelling Major value
Examples of major value Minor values
Examples of minor value Exceptions
ail, aille /aj/ ail, taille, travailler
aim, ain (before consonant or finally) /ɛ̃/ faim, saint, bains
am, an (before consonant or finally) /ɑ̃/ ambiance, France /am/ Viêt-Nam
aen (before consonant or finally) /ɑ̃/ Caen
aon (before consonant or finally) /ɑ̃/ paon /aɔ̃/ pharaon
cqu /k/ acquit, acquéreur
eil, eille /ɛj/ pareil, soleil, oreille
ein (before consonant or finally) /ɛ̃/ plein, sein
em, en (before consonant or finally) /ɑ̃/ embaucher, vent /ɛ̃/ examen /ɛm/ totem /ən/ venir
-ent /ɑ̃/ firmament
-ent (3rd person plural ending) Ø parlent, finissaient
-er /e/ aller, transporter /ɛʁ/ hiver, super
-es Ø Nantes, faites /e//ɛ/
/ez/(in liaison)
les, des, es
les attaques
-et (final) /ɛ/ cachet, jouet /ɛt/ net
euil, euille /œj/ deuil, portefeuille
eun (before consonant or finally) /œ̃/ jeun
ge (before vowel) /ʒ/ geai, mangea
gu /ɡ/ guerre, dingue /ɡɥ/ aiguille, linguistique ambiguïté
ien (before consonant or finally) /jɛ̃/ rien, vient /jɑ̃/ patient, quotient
-il (after vowel) /j/ ail, conseil /l/ cocktail
/il/ huile
-il (not after vowel) /il/ il, fil /i/ outil, fils, fusil
-ill- (after vowel) /j/ paille, nouille
-ill- (not after vowel) /ij/ grillage, bille /il/ mille, million, billion, ville, villa, village, tranquille[8]
im, in (before consonant or finally) /ɛ̃/ importer, vin /in/ sprint
oign /waɲ/ poigner, témoignage /ɔɲ/ oignon
œil, œill /œj/ œil, œillette
oin (before consonant or finally) /wɛ̃/ point
oïn /oɛ̃ coïncidence
om, on (before consonant or finally) /ɔ̃/ ombre, bon /ə/ Monsieur
ouil, ouille /uj/ fenouil, brouillard
qu /k/ quand, pourquoi /kɥ/ équilatéral, /kw/ aquarium
ti + vowel (behind s, x, or in first position) /tj/ bastion, gestionnaire, tiens, extion
ti + vowel (medially elsewhere) /sj/ attention, fonctionnaire, initiation /tj/ pitié,
abstiens, augmentions, partiez and all conjugated forms of verbs with a radical ending in -t and derived of tenir
uil /ɥil/ huile, tuile /il/ (after a g or q) équilibre
uille /ɥij/ cuillère, juillet /ij/ (after g or q) guillemet, quille
ueil, ueill /œj/ orgueil, accueillir
uin (before consonant or finally) /ɥɛ̃/ juin
um, un (before consonant or finally) /œ̃/ parfum, brun /ɔm/ album, maximum
ym, yn (before consonant or finally) /ɛ̃/ sympa, syndrome /im/ gymnase, hymne
^1 In cases where those combination are pronounced /j/, the vowel (or combination of vowel) before the il or ill is pronounced normally and is not influenced by the i. For example, in rail, the a is pronounced /a/, in mouiller, the ou is still pronounced /u/.
^2 These rules about the pronunciation of the letter t in French might be more complex: words portions [pɔʁsjɔ̃] (noun, 'portions') and portions [pɔʁtjɔ̃] (conjugated form of the verb porter, 'to carry') are some examples of this complexity. The best way to know how to pronounce it would be to check in a dictionary.
^3 There are numerous French words, which contain uil or uille after a g or a q but still, the uil or uille are pronounced respectively /ɥil/ or /ɥij/ even without the diaresis, like in aiguille, equilatéral.
Words from Greek
The spelling of French words of Greek origin is complicated by a number of digraphs which originated in the Latin transcriptions. The digraphs ph, th, and ch normally represent /f/, /t/, and /k/ in Greek loanwords, respectively; and the ligatures æ and œ in Greek loanwords represent the same vowel as é (/e/). Further, many words in the international scientific vocabulary were constructed in French from Greek roots and have kept their digraphs (e.g., stratosphère, photographie).
History of French orthography
The Oaths of Strasbourg from 842 is the earliest text written in the early form of French called Romance or Gallo-Romance.
The Celtic vernaculars of the inhabitants of Gaul disappeared progressively over the course of the Roman conquest as the Latin languages began to replace them: written (Classic) Latin and spoken (vulgar) Latin. Classic Latin, taught in schools, remained the language of religious services, of scientific works, of legislative acts and of certain literary works. Vulgar Latin, spoken by the Roman soldiers and merchants, and adopted by the natives, evolved slowly, taking the forms of different spoken Roman vernaculars according to the region of the country. These vernaculars divided into two branches in the Gallo-Romance language family, langue d'oïl north of the Loire River, langue d'oc in the south.[9]
Old French
In the 9th century, the Romance vernaculars were already quite far from Latin. For example, to understand the Bible, written in Latin, footnotes were necessary. With consolidation of the royal powers, beginning in the 13th century, the Francien vernacular, in usage then on the Île-de-France, brought it little by little to the other languages and evolved toward Classic French.
The languages found in the manuscripts dating from the 9th century to the 13th century form what is known as Old French or ancien français. These languages continued to evolve until, in the 14th century to the 16th century, Middle French (moyen français) emerged.[9]
Middle French
During the Middle French period (c. 1300–1600), modern spelling practices were largely established. This happened especially during the 16th century, under the influence of printers. The overall trend was towards continuity with Old French spelling, although some changes were made under the influence of changed pronunciation habits; for example, the Old French distinction between the diphthongs eu and ue was eliminated in favor of consistent eu,[10] as both diphthongs had come to be pronounced /ø/ or /œ/ (depending on the surrounding sounds). However, many other distinctions that had become equally superfluous were maintained, e.g. between s and soft c or between ai and ei. It is likely that etymology was the guiding factor here: The distinction between s/c and ai/ei reflects corresponding distinctions in the spelling of the underlying Latin words, whereas no such distinction exists in the case of eu/ue.
This period also saw the development of some explicitly etymological spellings, e.g. temps "time", vingt "twenty" and poids "weight". (Note that in many cases, the etymologizing was sloppy or occasionally completely incorrect. For example, vingt reflects Latin VIGINTI, with the g in wrong place, and poids actually reflects Latin PENSUM, with no d at all; the spelling poids is due to an incorrect derivation from Latin PONDUS.) The trend towards etymologizing sometimes produced absurd (and generally rejected) spellings such as sçapvoir for normal savoir "to know", which attempted to combine Latin SAPERE "to be wise" (the correct origin of savoir) with SCIRE "to know".
Classical French
Modern French spelling was codified in the late 17th century by the Académie française, based largely on previously established spelling conventions. Some reforms have occurred since then, but most have been fairly minor. The most significant changes have been:
• Adoption of j and v to represent consonants, in place of former i and u.
• Addition of a circumflex accent to reflect historically long vowels. During the Middle French period, a distinction developed between long and short vowels, with long vowels largely stemming from a lost /s/ before a consonant, as in même (cf. Spanish mismo), but sometimes from the coalescence of similar vowels, as in âge from earlier aage, eage (early Old French *edage < Vulgar Latin *aetaticum, cf. Spanish edad < *aetate). Prior to this, such words continued to be spelled historically (e.g. mesme and age). Ironically, by the time this convention was adopted in the 19th century, the former distinction between short and long vowels had largely disappeared in all but the most conservative pronunciations, with vowels automatically pronounced long or short depending on the phonological context (see French phonology).
• Use of ai in place of oi where pronounced /ɛ/ rather than /wa/. The most significant effect of this was to change the spelling of all imperfect verbs (formerly spelled -ois, -oit, -oient rather than -ais, -ait, -aient).
Modern French
In October 1989, Michel Rocard, then-Prime Minister of France, established the Superior Council of the French Language (Conseil supérieur de la langue française) in Paris. He designated experts – among them linguists, representatives of the Académie française and lexicographers – to propose standardizing several points, a few of those points being:
• The uniting hyphen in all compound numerals
i.e. trente-et-un
• The plural of compound words, the second element always takes the plural s
For example un après-midi, des après-midis
• The circumflex accent ˆ disappears on all the u and i except for words for which it is needed for differentiation
As in coût (cost) --> cout, abîme (abyss) --> abime but sûr (sure) because of sur (on)
• The past participle of laisser followed by an infinitive verb is invariable (works now the same way as the verb faire)
elle s'est laissée mourir --> elle s'est laissé mourir
Quickly, the experts set to work. Their conclusions were submitted to Belgian and Québécois linguistic political organizations. They were likewise submitted to the Académie française, which endorsed them unanimously, saying:
Current orthography remains that of usage, and the "recommendations" of the High Council of the French language only enter into play with words that may be written in a different manner without being considered as incorrect or as faults.
The changes were published in the Official Journal of the French Republic (Journal officiel de la République française) in December 1990.
• Fouché, Pierre (1956). Traité de prononciation française. Paris: Klincksieck.
• Tranel, Bernard (1987). The Sounds of French: An Introduction. Cambridge, New York: Cambridge University Press.
See also
1. ^ Académie française, accentuation
2. ^ Banque de dépannage linguistique from the Office québécois de la langue française,
3. ^ See wikt:fr:Catégorie:oe non ligaturé en français
4. ^ (French) La ligature æ.
5. ^ See wikt:fr:Catégorie:ae non ligaturé en français
6. ^
7. ^
8. ^
9. ^ a b Translation of Évolution de la langue française du Ve au XVe siècle. See also Langue romane (French) and Romance languages (English).
10. ^ Except in a few words such as accueil, where the ue spelling was necessary to retain the hard /k/ pronunciation of the c.
External links
• alternate French spelling
• 1990 spelling reform on the French Academy website
• Recording of 3 different voices pronouncing the French alphabet
• Online editor for typing French accents
• French alphabet pronounced by a native speaker (Youtube)
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11338 | What's New in Delphi 2005
By: Anders Ohlsson
Abstract: A Technical White Paper By Bob Swart on all that's new in Delphi 2005
What's new in Delphi 2005
Whats New in Delphi 2005?
by Bob Swart (www.drbob42.com)
Bob Swart Training & Consultancy (eBob42)
Borland Delphi 2005 Splash Screen
1. Introduction
Borland Delphi 2005 is the latest version of Borland Delphi, offering Rapid Application Development for the Microsoft Windows Operating System and the Microsoft .NET Framework version 1.1. with both the Delphi language (for Win32 and .NET 1.1) and C# (for .NET 1.1 only).
Product Overview
Delphi 2005 can be seen as having three different personalities: a Win32 personality using the Delphi language (where Delphi 2005 is the successor of Borland Delphi 7), and two .NET personalities: one using Delphi as language (the successor of Borland Delphi 8 for the Microsoft .NET Framework), and the other using C# as language. With respect to the latter personality, Delphi 2005 is the upgrade from Borland C#Builder 1.0.
As a result, Delphi 2005 is the next step for current Borland Delphi 3 through 8 and Borland C#Builder developers for rapid application development (RAD) on Win32 as well as the .NET Framework.
Key Features
[Feel free to suggest others/changes!]
- Support for three different personalities: Delphi for Win32, Delphi for .NET and C# all from within one development (and debugging) environment.
- Easy migration of Win32 applications to .NET within the same development environment.
- Support for the Delphi language with several enhancements like multi-unit namespaces, for ... in ... do loops, inline functions and other code optimisations.
- Support for WinForms, ASP.NET Web Forms as well as Borland's own VCL framework on .NET, and VCL for Win32 with visual designers to build applications the RAD way.
- Support for heterogeneous database access (using any ADO.NET Data Adapter not just BdpDataAdapter) as well as multi-tier database applications with new DataSync, DataHub, RemoteServer and RemoteConnection components.
- Support for refactoring to restructure your source code, increasing the maintainability and chances of successful reuse.
- Support for unit testing with DUnit and NUnit, using the extreme unit-test framework in Delphi for Win32, Delphi for .NET and C# projects to increase the quality of your code.
- Support for Enterprise Core Objects II - a UML compliant Object Model Framework and Object Persistence, with support for databases through the Borland Data Provider, and now also available for ASP.NET.
- Support for ASP.NET with DB Web controls to facilitate the design, implementation and deployment of powerful data-driven Web applications.
- Support for version and team development, with a special backup and history view of your project files, plus optional integration with StarTeam.
- Support for integration with J2EE Enterprise JavaBeans (EJB) or CORBA servers with the Janeva solution for Delphi for .NET and C# applications.
2. Borland Delphi 2005
This white paper will discuss the major enhancements in Borland Delphi 2005, grouped by area. First, the Integrated Development Environment (IDE) enhancements are covered, followed by refactoring, unit testing with DUnit and NUnit, enhancements in the database and Web areas, ALM support, and finally Delphi compiler, language and debugging enhancements.
2.1 IDE
The Delphi 2005 Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is significantly extended and enhanced in nearly every area.
Welcome Page
The Welcome Page is redesigned, showing not only the recent projects, but also the recent news from Borland Developer Network and RSS News feeds (depending on the availability of an internet connection).
Multiple Personalities
Delphi 2005 supports multiple personalities, featuring Delphi for Win32, Delphi for .NET and C# projects. As a little helpful hint, a personality icon in the IDE toolbar displays the active personality (Delphi for Win32 , Delphi for .NET , or C# ).
Project Manager
The Delphi 2005 Project Manager now displays the directory structure of the entire project (and for ASP.NET projects even offers the ability to create and manage subdirectories in your project directory), which offers better insight into where files are placed and which files to deploy. Within a Project Group, we can add projects for different targets (and personalities), and switch from one project to another - and hence one personality to another, instantly.
The Project Manager and the Object Inspector now work together, as you can select a file in the Project Manager, which results in the Object Inspector showing information like the file name and full path, plus file specific properties like the culture, name and version number of assemblies, or the Copy Local option. Most of these properties will be read-only (displayed in grey font), while some can be used to actually change for example the filename or Copy Local status. The Project Manager is also StarTeam aware and offers context sensitive commands within the Project Manager for managing projects stored in StarTeam.
Backup and History
The Borland Delphi 2005 IDE transparently maintains multilevel backups and a history of your project source files in a hidden __history directory of your project directory. This replaces the old .~ files. The __history directory can contain multiple versions of your project (by default the latest 10 versions are maintained), and can be used as a local version control repository.
The History View is used to examine the current and backup versions of your project files, and even view at insightful (and intelligent) difference views between two different versions, showing exactly what you added, removed or modified in your source code. Apart from just looking at the differences, you can also revert changes, going back in time to backup versions of your files.
The History View also supports StarTeam for even more complete team view of your projects history (see ALM section).
Floating VCL Designers
Borland Delphi 2005 now offers a choice of free-floating VCL designers, just like Borland Delphi 7 and prior (as opposed to the fixed form designers of Borland Delphi 8). By default, the Embedded Designer is used, but you can uncheck the Embedded Designer option in the VCL Designer node of the Delphi Options.
Delphi 2005 Tools Options dialog
This not only allows you to view your form designer and source code at the same time, it also allows you to simultaneously view multiple forms and data modules at design-time.
Sync Edit
Borland Delphi 2005 offers a new Sync Edit feature, which allows you to edit multiple occurrences of symbols in a section of selected code (allowing you to rename them all at once, for example). Note that the Sync Edit feature is lexical, and is therefore best used for small portions of source code (like a routine or method implementation). For renaming identifiers within larger portions of source code, it's recommended to use the refactoring features, which uses a syntactic and semantic engine instead.
Delphi 2005 SyncEdit in action
Error Insight
The Borland Delphi 2005 IDE offers a new feature called Error Insight, which highlights syntax errors in Delphi, C# or HTML code as you type. Error Insight will display a red squiggle under the syntax error, including a message with more information about the error. This feature helps you to fix syntax errors in your source code before you even have to start to compile your projects. In addition to undeclared identifiers and misspelled keywords and reserved words, Error Insight also identifies symbols that are not in scope (like a type from a namespace which has to be added to the uses or using clause before it can be used).
Find References
The Borland Delphi 2005 IDE has an enhanced way to find references powered by the new refactoring engine, and use the results to navigate through your source code. You can find local references (within a single source file) of symbols (like fields, methods, properties, variables, etc.), or you can find and examine all references, which will go through all source files of your project.
The references are presented in a treeview, and each node can be used to quickly navigate through your project. If you double-click on a node, the code editor will bring you to the actual line in the source code. This is a very convenient and quick way to access your project files.
Delphi 2005 Find References treeview result
Find Reference Results are always available via the Views menu, and the treeview can even contain multiple results at once, showing the result of previous searches.
Help Insight
The new Help Insight offers help on symbols like classes, properties, methods or events as you type. Help Insight can show up at two different occasions: either as a tooltip popup, or in combination with a Code Insight popup.
A Help Insight ToolTip window pops-up when moving the mouse in the code editor over a symbol. It produces a tooltip window with information about the specific symbol inside, including relevant links to additional information from the on-line help.
You can also get the Help Insight window in combination with a Code Insight window, in which case the Help Insight gives more information about the currently selected code insight item. This can be very helpful if you need to select a property, method or event but need to know which one should be selected for a specific purpose you have in mind.
Delphi 2005 Help Insight on Code Insight
Help Insights are also generated from your own classes and methods as well.
Structure View
The upper left corner of the Delphi 2005 IDE contains the Structure View. This window is used in different situations. It can show the hierarchy of source code in the Code Editor, HTML controls in the HTML Designer, as well as the hierarchy of visual controls in the VCL Forms Designer. For a source code structure, the Structure View will also dynamically display syntax errors in the top node called 'Errors', which lists all errors found by Error Insight.
Delphi 2005 Structure View
When viewing the structure of visual components, you can double-click on items in the Structure View to be taken to the specific component in the Forms Designer. When viewing the structure of source code of HTML, you can double-click on items in the Structure View to be taken to the corresponding declaration in the code editor.
Search Results
When performing searches, the results are now displayed in a convenient treeview, with the hits grouped by filename. You can browse through the files, and open the nodes to view the individual hits inside the specific file.
Tool Palette
The search mechanism of the Tool Palette has been enhanced so that you can now enter the first letter(s) of a component, and immediately only the categories and components that start with this letter(s) are filtered for you, highlighting the letter(s) you typed and filtering further as you type. Pressing enter will place the current selected component on the form in the designer.
Tool Palette Wizards
In addition to showing components (when in design view) or code snippets (when the code editor has the focus), the Tool Palette has been enhanced to also show the wizards from the Object Repository to start new projects, with the Object Repository categories translated into Tool Palette categories. This allows you to easily create new files, projects, and objects from the wizard with a quick hot key.
2.2 Refactoring
Refactoring is the process of reshaping existing source code by adding structure to it, without changing the behaviour and output of your code, thereby making it easier for actual reuse and maintenance.
Borland Delphi 2005 refactoring support includes a number of very helpful new features, from extracting methods to declaring new variables or fields, extracting resource strings, renaming identifiers and refining the namespace and uses clauses.
Delphi 2005 Refactor Menu
Rename Symbols [Delphi/C#]
While the Sync Edit feature allows you to lexically rename identifiers in a selected section of source code, for larger sections of source code Delphi 2005 refactoring offers the option to rename symbols (like fields, methods, properties, variables, etc.) using Refactor - Rename. The refactoring dialog will even allow you to view all references before refactoring (so you can verify all places where the rename will be made).
This feature adds real refactoring intelligence to the standard search and replace functionality, by not just renaming any symbol within the current scope, but only those that are indeed the same as the selected symbol .For example, if you have both a method X and a local variable X, and you want to rename only the method X, Refactor - Rename ensures the local variable X will be left alone, as it recognizes its not the same as the method X).
Declare Variable [Delphi]
While writing source code, it may happen that you use variables before you declare them. The Delphi 2005 refactoring allows you to automatically declare these variables using Refactor - Declare Variable, offering you a dialog to enter the specifics, and adding the variable declaration to the current scope.
This option is only available for variables that are not yet declared, of course, but will allow you to focus on the code and algorithm logic, without having to manually navigate to the beginning of the scope to add a variable declaration. Declare variable works well with Error insights, when an undeclared variable is highlighted by error insights simply right click on the variable to declare.
Declare Field [Delphi]
Similar to declaring undeclared variables, Delphi 2005 Refactoring offers the ability to declare class fields using Refactor - Declare Field. If the field conflicts with an existing field in the same scope, then the Refactoring dialog will allow you to resolve the conflict.
This feature greatly reduces time to extend your classes with fields while writing your source code, without forcing you to return to your class declaration and add the field definition manually.
Extract Method [Delphi]
Delphi 2005 refactoring allows you to select a portion of source code (which might be a portion that is repeated in several places, or could be used in other places), and refactor it by turning the code into a method, extracting the selected source code. The refactored method will automatically get a parameter list as well as local variable declarations, and the original section of source code will be replaced by a call to the newly refactored method. Breaking long sections of code into methods increases maintainability and reusability.
Extract Resource String [Delphi]
There's nothing harder to localise than a portion of source code that uses hard coded quoted strings inside. Delphi 2005 refactoring now allows you to extract these quoted strings and replace them with resource strings (adding the resource string declarations to the implementation section of your code).
Import Namespace [Delphi/C#]
Sometimes you use classes, methods, fields or types that are defined in another namespace. In order to add the corresponding namespace to the uses (for Borland Delphi) or using (for C#) clause, Delphi 2005 refactoring offers the ability to automatically import the required namespace for a selected identifier, using Refactor - Import Namespace.
This feature will save you a lot of time looking up namespaces otherwise.
2.3 NUnit/DUnit Testing
Unit testing is a methodology of adding tests to your code in such a way, that the tests themselves can be run and verified by a test project, reporting the continued validity of your source code. For best results, unit testing should be applied right from the start, adding tests to your classes as you write the actual code itself (some people even believe you should write your test first, and then the actual code to test). Unit testing can also play a very helpful role when applying refactoring, if only to verify that the resulting refactored source code is still behaving the same - correct - way.
A unit testing framework is often called an Xtreme testing framework, related to Xtreme Programming. Delphi 2005 includes both DUnit (for Win32 and .NET) and NUnit. DUnit (http://dunit.sourceforge.net/) is the Delphi version of the unit-testing framework (for both Win32 and .NET), while NUnit (http://www.nunit.org/) is a .NET language neutral unit-testing framework which can be used with both C# and Delphi for .NET.
Both DUnit and NUnit are included and integrated with Delphi 2005.
Test Project Wizard
For every project, you can add an associated test project to the project group using the New Test Project Wizard. For Delphi Win32 projects, this will use the DUnit test framework. For Delphi for .NET projects, you can select either the .NET version of the DUnit test framework, or the NUnit test framework, and finally for C# projects this will use the NUnit test framework. Both the DUnit (for .NET or Win32) and NUnit test frameworks offer a choice of a GUI or console test runner to execute and display the test results.
Test Case Wizard
Within a test project, you can use the New Test Case Wizard to add specific test cases for units that belong to the project. For each unit, you can select the classes and methods of these classes that will be added to the test. An example test skeleton can also be generated so you can later add your own tests manually.
Test Runners
Once a test project with test cases is maintained, there is a separate test-runner environment that you can start from the Delphi 2005 IDE to run the tests, and view the results. You get feedback on all errors and failures (if any), the tests that were not run, and the output written to the console.
Unit testing helps to increase the quality, maintainability and reuse capabilities of your code, and having unit testing integrated into the Delphi 2005 IDE makes it even easier to implement.
2.4 Database
Borland Delphi 2005 offers ADO.NET-specific as well as VCL and VCL for .NET database support.
ADO.NET Database Support
A number of database enhancements were implemented in Delphi 2005, particularly in the ADO.NET technology, but also to BDE, dbExpress and the availability of dbGO for ADO on .NET.
Borland Data Provider Enhancements
There are a number of Borland Data Provider for ADO.NET improvements, including support for InterBase Boolean fields, Oracle packages, localized table name support, Schema Name list retrieval, and Sybase 12.5 support.
This brings the list of certified BDP ADO.NET data provider drivers to the following: Borland InterBase 7.5 (should also work but is not certified with InterBase 7.1, 7.0 and 6.5), Oracle 10g (should also work with Oracle 9.2.0 and 9.1.0), IBM DB2 UDB 8.x (should also work with 7.x), Microsoft SQL Server 2000, Microsoft MSDE 2000, Microsoft Access 2000, and Sybase 12.5.
Designer Enhancements
There are significant database related ADO.NET designer enhancements in Delphi 2005. There is new Stored Procedure Testing support, where you can specify the stored procedure to test, including the input parameters, and then actually run the stored procedure and view output parameter values (if any).
Delphi 2005 Stored Procedure dialog testing SUB_TOT_BUDGET
A special table mapping feature helps you to specify the table mapping for a BdpDataAdapter, where you can specify the mapping between columns of a DataTable and an in-memory DataSet with more descriptive column names. You can also add or remove columns for the in-memory dataset.
The Object Inspector now offers a Connection String Editor for the SQLConnection component, allowing specifying the connection string for an ADO.NET provider.
BDP Remoting, Heterogeneous support
New ADO.NET components called RemoteServer and RemoteConnection offer RAD support for building multi-tier applications (using .NET remoting infrastructure). Two other new ADO.NET components, called DataHub and DataSync, offer support for aggregating heterogeneous databases into single datasets. The four components can be combined, resulting in distributed applications using multiple different ADO.NET data providers. In this architecture, the DataHub and RemoteConnection are part of the thin-client tier, while the RemoteServer and DataSync components are part of the server tier, connected to the data providers.
The AutoUpdate method of the BdpDataAdapter is also enhanced and is now capable of resolving multi-table updates and better error handling.
Data Migration
A special BDP component called bdpCopyTable supports data migration, and enables you to copy tables including data from one BDP supported database to another.
Typed Datasets (.NET)
Typed Datasets now produce code that compile to standalone .NET assemblies. Typed Datasets also support datasets from Web Services. The Project Manager offers context menus to start the Relation and Table Collection Editors for a dataset, so you can modify a typed dataset more conveniently.
Database Explorer enhancements
The Database Explorer, for BDP data providers, has been enhanced in several areas as well. It now supports easy data migration from one BDP data provider to another, with a feature that allows you to copy a table from one BDP data provider, and pasting the table in another BDP data provider. This will copy and reconstruct the table meta data as well as the data to the target database even if the source and target databases are of completely different vendors; from Oracle to MSSQL for example. This corresponds to the behaviour of the BdpCopyTable component.
The Data Explorer offers additional meta data capabilities, and allows you to view and modify the database schema directly from the Data Explorer. You can create new tables, alter tables or drop existing tables.
It's also possible to drag a stored procedure directly from the Data Explorer to a Forms Designer, which will create an instance of the BdpConnection (when needed) and BdpCommand, automatically assigns the stored procedure to the BdpCommand, and populate the parameters for the stored procedure.
VCL and VCL.NET Database Support
Delphi 2005 contains database support for VCL and VCL for .NET applications in the form of BDE, dbExpress and dbGo for ADO as well as InterBase Express (IBX). These data access technologies exist for both VCL and VCL for .NET projects, and offer a seamless migration path from Win32 to .NET.
dbGO for ADO
When building VCL for .NET applications, Delphi 2005 now supports dbGO for ADO for both Win32 and .NET, which also makes migration of Win32 dbGO for ADO applications to the .NET Framework possible. The dbGO for ADO components require MDAC 2.8.
The dbExpress components have been extended by a TSimpleDataSet for .NET, better performance for TSQLStoredProc, and meta data improvements.
The following certified drivers are available for dbExpress: Borland InterBase 7.5 (should also work but is not certified with InterBase 7.1, 7.0 and 6.5), Oracle 10g (should also work with Oracle 9.2.0 and 9.1.0), IBM DB2 UDB 8.x (should also work with 7.x), Microsoft SQL Server 2000, IBM Informix 9.x, SQL Anywhere 9 (should also work with ASA 8), MySQL 4.0.x, and Sybase 12.5.
The Borland Database Engine (BDE) - for VCL or VCL for .NET applications - supports local dBASE and Paradox tables. The BDE for .NET has been enhanced with the ability to dynamically load the BDE DLLs, without the need to specify the path. It also offers increased BLOB performance, and includes some of the BDE components for .NET that were not available before, namely TUpdateSQL, TNestedTable, and TStoredProc.
InterBase Express (IBX) offers direct connectivity to InterBase for VCL as well as VCL for .NET applications.
2.5 Web
Delphi 2005 contains a number of Web development enhancements both for VCL (for Win32 and .NET) and ASP.NET.
Web Deployment Manager
Delphi 2005 now contains a special Web Deployment Manager, which can be used for ASP.NET Web Form and ASP.NET Web Service projects, as well as IntraWeb for both VCL and VCL for .NET. The Web Deployment Manager can be used to connect to either a directory (local or on a network) or an FTP target. The Deployment View will show both the local files (from the project directory) and the remote files (from the directory or FTP location), and gives you the option to deploy the entire project in one click. You can also compare files, remove files, etc. Deployment settings are stored with your project, so you can always redeploy with your specific settings at a later time. This is very powerful and ideal for fast deployment.
Apart from supporting ASP.NET and IntraWeb projects, the Web Deployment Manager can be extended to support other project types as well.
DB Web Controls
The DB Web controls can be used to build powerful data-driven ASP.NET Web Form applications. Delphi 2005 introduces a number of new DB Web controls, including DBWebAggregateControl, DBWebSound, DBWebVideo, and DBWebNavigationExtender.
The DBWebAggregateControl can be used to display aggregate values of columns from a dataset. Available aggregate operations include Avg, Count, Min, Max, and Sum.
The DBWebSound and DBWebVideo controls are included to support audio and video formats, connecting through a DBWebDataSource to fields from a dataset or from a URL.
The DBWebNavigationExtender is especially helpful in situations where you want to allow updates to be sent to the database, but without using the DBWebNavigation control (specifically the ApplyToServer button of this control). The DBWebNavigationExtender is a non-visual control that can be used to extend standard Web Controls - like a Button - with the functionality of the DBWebNavigator buttons. So you can build your own navigation controls.
Apart from these four new DB Web controls, the DbWebDataSource has been extended with a new OnAutoApplyRequest event, and now supports cascading updates and deletes.
Apart from the DbWebDataSource, DB Web controls can now also connect to an EcoDataSource - which hooks to an ECO II ExpressionHandler.
Delphi 2005 also offers a New DB Web Control wizard that enables you to write your own DB Web compatible ASP.NET control (which can also connect to a DbWebDataSource or EcoDataSource).
The DB Web controls now support XML Caching, which is a powerful feature that can be used as a server-side briefcase for web clients.
DB Web Navigation
Delphi 2005 DB Web controls now have the ability to control the navigation order, using a Navigation API with RegisterNextControl, RegisterPreviousControl, RegisterFirstControl, RegisterLastControl, RegisterInsertControl, RegisterDeleteControl, RegisterUpdateControl, RegisterCancelControl, RegisterUndoControl, RegisterUndoAllControl, RegisterApplyControl, RegisterRefreshControl, and RegisterGoToControl.
Server Controls
ASP.NET HTML controls can now be represented as controls in the code behind file, by using the Run AS Server Control option which adds the runat=server attribute to the scripting control, as well as a control declaration in the code-behind source file.
Template Editors
Delphi 2005 now supports Template Editors for the DataGrid and DataList controls, enabling you to define and easily edit your own custom template columns.
When using VCL (for Win32 or .NET) Delphi 2005 supports web applications with IntraWeb from AtoZedSoftware (www.atozed.com). IntraWeb offers RAD WYSIWYG design for Web applications, in many aspects like ASP.NET, but also different in certain areas. The main advantage of IntraWeb is its support for transparent user and state management, which ASP.NET doesnt. IntraWeb Web applications are compatible with non-visual VCL components, like the data-access categories BDE, dbExpress, dbGo for ADO and InterBase Express (which means a migration path from Win32 to .NET) whereas ASP.NET applications use native .NET components with ADO.NET and BDP for data access capabilities.
2.6 Enterprise Core Objects II
Borland C#Builder 1.0 and Borland Delphi 8 included the first version of Enterprise Core Objects (ECO), which is greatly enhanced for highly scalable enterprise application development in Delphi 2005. There are several enhancements available in Enterprise Core Objects II compared to the initial version.
The most important ECO II enhancements can be summarized as follows
- support for scalable, distributed applications
- support for ASP.NET (both Web Forms and Web Services)
- support for mapping from existing databases
- overall ease-of-use enhancements to make life in the ECO space easier
Scalable, Distributed Applications
Most importantly, ECO II is now enterprise scalable. Where the first version was a client/server solution, ECO II supports both client/server and remote solutions. There are several possible architectures, out of the box, for building scalable ASP.NET or WinForms applications. Synchronizing multiple object caches i.e. EcoSpaces, either in the same process or in multiple separate processes, is managed by the new extended PersistenceMapper. The synchronizing persistence mapper can in it self be executing within the same process or, more likely, in a process at a server.
Using Delphi 2005 we can now combine ECO II and ASP.NET, for use in both ASP.NET Web Forms and ASP.NET Web Services. The Borland DB Web controls can expose objects within an EcoSpace through binding to the new EcoDataSource component, which uses an OCL expression to provide a datasource, and can be used to produce visual data-aware ASP.NET Web Form applications. The same can be done with any regular native ASP.NET Web control. ECO components, such as the ExpressionHandler, provide a list of elements that can be used as a DataSet, and hence binds any ASP.NET components including DataList and DataGrid.
Since requests in ASP.NET applications are stateless, we can maintain the EcoSpace state either in the session or at the application level.
ECO II uses optimistic locking, and when a conflict occurs, conflict resolution is used to determine the correct actions. Specifically, when an Eco Space detects that a value in the actual database is different from the supposed "old value" in the EcoSpace, it registers a conflict in an internal list in the EcoSpace. The developer can call RetrieveChanges for any changes done by other EcoSpaces, and GetChanges for any unresolved conflicts that can then be resolved (usually interactively by the end user).
Delphi 2005 ECO II ASP.NET Web Form at design-time
Mapping onto Existing Databases
With Enterprise Core Objects II in Delphi 2005 it's now possible to develop applications that use existing databases for persistence, through the new enhanced Object-Relational mapping which is driven by XML schema files. This powerful new feature can be used to reverse an existing MS SQL server, ORACLE or InterBase database, and create the mapping schema file as well as the UML model, with classes wrapping the database tables.
Delphi 2005 and Northwind database imported in ECO II Model
EcoSpace Designer Enhancements
The EcoSpace Designer has a number of additional capabilities in Delphi 2005, including the ability to generate default mapping schema XML file, to convert an ECO I type database to ECO II format, and to reverse/wrap an existing database. The EcoSpace designer also has been enhanced with new tooltip hints that show a list of the usage tasks need to be done, for example for the PersistenceMapperBdp.
Delphi 2005 ECO II design-time tooltip hints
The tasks that are done will automatically be checked, so you always have an up-to-date overview of what's done and what steps remains to be done.
In another example where tooltip hints are used: when you want to open a new ECO Package, the hints will show all classes defined in the selected ECO Package.
ECO II Project Targets
Delphi 2005 can now produce several different ECO II projects. For the C# personality, we can create an ECO ASP.NET Web Application, an ECO ASP.NET Web Service, an ECO Package in DLL (so we can use the EcoSpace in another project that uses this DLL), and an ECO WinForms Application. For the Delphi for .NET personality, we can create an ECO ASP.NET Web Application, an ECO ASP.NET Web Service, and an ECO WinForms Application.
2.7 ALM
Delphi 2005 integrates with tools from the Borland Application Lifecycle Management suite including CaliberRM, StarTeam, and Janeva.
StarTeam Integration
StarTeam offers support for source code version control, as well as requirements management, defect tracking, threaded discussion groups, and distributed collaboration. Delphi 2005 contains an integrated StarTeam client, available through the StarTeam menu as well as the Project Manager context-menu, which allow you to operate StarTeam from within the Delphi 2005 IDE. You can place projects into StarTeam, check in files, check out files, revert to older versions, lock and unlock files in the StarTeam repository, and more.
Furthermore, the History Manager supports StarTeam so back ups can be accessed and compared or restored from either local backups or the StarTeam repository.
Janeva Integration
Delphi 2005 contains Janeva support (in the Enterprise and Architect editions). Janeva can be used to connect a .NET client application (written in C# or Delphi for .NET) to a J2EE Enterprise JavaBean or CORBA Object. When Janeva is installed (as well as the Janeva IDE plug-in), you get two new menu options for the project node in the Project Manager, Add J2EE Reference... and Add CORBA Reference... to add the specific reference.
The Add J2EE Reference... starts a dialog where you can select an EJB from a .jar file, while the Add CORBA Reference... starts a dialog where you need to select an .idl file that contains the interface definition of the CORBA object. After importing the .jar or .idl file, the result is a native object that can be used by the .NET client, and will go through the Janeva assemblies for a direct connection to the J2EE Enterprise JavaBean or the CORBA object, without the need for additional layers (like a Web Service or gateway software). Previous versions of the Janeva plug-in (for C#Builder) generated C# code, but the Janeva integration in Delphi 2005 generates assemblies that can be used with any .NET language. The Janeva plug-in wizard now automatically generates a corresponding app.config file with the required Janeva parameters for your Janeva client project.
*Janeva requires a runtime license to deploy your application. This is available from your Borland sales representative.
2.8 Compiler/Language/Debugging
There are many enhancements to the Delphi compiler, language and debugger of Delphi 2005.
Compiler and Language Enhancements
Several performance enhancements have been implemented for the Delphi 2005 compiler, resulting in even faster compilation speeds. The compiler now also supports Unicode and UTF8 source code files, Unicode characters in identifiers and symbols.
For ... in ... do
The Delphi language has been extended with a new for-loop syntax, a bit similar to the foreach construct. This powerful new language feature can be used to iterate through a set of values.
Function Inlining
Both the Win32 and .NET Delphi languages are extended with function inlining, which can result in faster performance. Instead of calling a routine, the code from the routine itself is expanded in place of the call (saving a call and return, as well as parameter management). This is especially beneficial for small routines, routines outside your unit scope, or routines with many parameters. For bigger routines, the trade-off between efficiency at the cost of bigger code size should be considered carefully before applying inline.
We can either inline routines explicitly with the inline directive, or use an {$INLINE AUTO} compiler directive. The latter will leave it up to the compiler to select routines for inlining that are likely to improve your performance. Using {$INLINE ON} you specify that a set of routines will all be inlined from that point on.
There are a number of exceptions regarding routines that cannot be inlined by the compiler. Although you can inline routines from different units in a package (assembly), you cannot inline routines across package boundaries for example. It's also not possible to inline virtual, dynamic or message methods, as well as methods of interfaces and dispinterfaces.
Multi-Unit Namespaces
The previous version of the Delphi for .NET compiler used a mapping of one unit per namespace (where the name of the unit would be the name of the namespace). This has been expanded in Delphi 2005, where a namespace can now be made up of several units. With a unit name of for example Comp.Group.MyUnit.pas, the left-hand side Comp.Group is the name of the namespace, and MyUnit.pas the local unit scope within the namespace. This allows us to write multiple units and make them all belong to a single namespace (ideal for ASP.NET custom controls, that can now get a single control prefix).
As another consequence of this new namespace feature in Delphi 2005, it's now also possible to use Delphi 2005 in order to extend existing namespaces with our own functionality. For example the System.Web namespace can be extended with classes and types from a System.Web.MyUnit.pas unit. The namespace extension becomes part of any application or assembly that contains the System.Web.MyUnit.pas.
Debugger Enhancements
The Delphi 2005 Win32 debugger now includes better support for Win32 stack frames that do not have debug information. Also included is a special dialog for handling exceptions when debugging within the IDE. When an exception is raised, a dialog will pop-up that offers you the chance to ignore this exception type, or inspect the exception object, including the option to actually Break or Continue.
Breakpoint List
The Breakpoint List has been enhanced with inplace editing, which is most notably for the condition or the group, as well as the enabling of breakpoints which can now be done with checkboxes. This avoids dialogs and speeds up the configuration of our breakpoints.
Delphi 2005 Breakpoint List with editable Condition field
There is also a new toolbar in the Breakpoint window, which can be used to delete breakpoints, delete all, enable all at once, disable all, or edit the breakpoint properties.
New Debug views
Delphi 2005 contains four new Delphi views. Where Borland Delphi 8 for .NET offered Debug views of Breakpoints, Call Stack, Watches, Threads and the Event Log, Delphi 2005 adds the FPU, Local Variables, CPU and Modules view.
Delphi 2005 now also offers a module view, which displays the App Domains, and allows you to drill down into the details of the namespaces and assemblies loaded within that App Domain. You'll now be able to sort the items in the module view by name or base address.
The CPU view shows the original source code, the IL (Intermediate Language) as well as native machine assembly and opcodes.
Delphi 2005 CPU View with mixed Pascal, ILASM and machine code
Side-by-Side Debugging
Using the Delphi 2005 IDE it's not only possible to load multiple projects using the Project Manager (in a Project Group), you can also run the Win32 and .NET debuggers side-by-side. Allowing you to run and debug both the Win32 and the .NET application from the same development environment. You can even run both debuggers at the same time, switching from project to project (and personality to personality) in the Project Manager.
This white paper has covered the key new features in Delphi 2005, as well as enhancements to existing technology areas.
As youve seen, the IDE has been enhanced with a new welcome page, support for multiple personalities, backup and file history support (with optional integration with StarTeam), floating VCL designers, Sync Edit, Error Insight, Help Insight, a Structure View, Find References, a better way to view search results, and Tool Palette Wizards that help you to start new applications even quicker.
Refactoring is also one of the main new features in Delphi 2005, offering features from Rename Symbols, Declare Variable, Declare Field, Extract Method, and Extract Resource String to Import Namespace.
Another great addition is support for unit testing with DUnit and NUnit, plus IDE integration with Test Project and Test Case wizards.
At the database side, the BDP components have been extended with new drivers, a BdpCopyTable component, DataSync and DataHub components for heterogeneous database support, and RemoteServer plus RemoteConnection components for building multi-tier .NET database applications (using DataSync and DataHub, so even heterogeneous and multi-tier if you wish).
For Web development, the ASP.NET debugging is enhanced, there are new dbWeb controls for aggregate values, audio, video and navigator action events, support for template editors for the DataGrid and DataList, and finally IntraWeb is included for Win32 as well as .NET Web applications.
Enterprise Core Objects (now ECO II) has been enhanced with support for scalable, distributed applications, support for ASP.NET (both regular and dbWeb controls), and the ability to map an existing database in an ECO model.
Delphi 2005 offers integration with Borland ALM tools including StarTeam and Janeva (for connectivity to J2EE and CORBA servers).
Last but not least, the compiler and Delphi language have been enhanced with many new features like the new for..in..do loop, function inlining, multi-unit namespaces. And the debugger has been enhanced with a better breakpoint list, new debug views for .NET, and side-by-side debugging of Win32 and .NET projects.
Best Delphi Ever
Whether your goal is to develop components or applications for the Microsoft Windows Operating System, or for the Microsoft .NET Framework version 1.1, Delphi 2005 offers extensive, high-productivity and high-quality support for modern Windows development.
Server Response from: ETNASC04 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11363 | Robert Nelson
Tuesday 12 April 2011, 7.00pm until 9.00pm
Two actors perform absurd actions in sets composed of geometric shapes. Two experts try to explain what it all means. Goofing off in positive/negative space, Robert Nelson and collaborators William T. Wiley, Ron Hudson, R.G. Davis and Steve Reich construct a spirited work that invokes Alfred Jarry, Dada and improvised theatre. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11368 | A storm has started outside.
The air is growing white as the breath of it picks up speed. The space heater by my feet churns in a loud hum. Two birds cut the sky through the window, here in this yolk-yellow aerie above Haywood Street. It is my job, for this year, to keep this gambrel-roofed house in one piece. Somewhere south and west, in a winter-dark river, is an eel weir. It is at least a century old. The wind is pushing billows past the glass, long plumes of cold. On a map of the current weather, I can see that my hill town and that other river sit roughly in the same deep purple band of snow. I wonder about the work that will face the weir’s steward when the days turn warm again. Re-stacking stone. Replacing what was lost to water, and wind. Work that paces beyond a single turn of the year—across seasons. Through bloodlines. That passes from fact into story, and back again.
The steward’s name is Ray Turner. The book where I found him was James Prosek’s—simply titled Eels. For weeks now its facts and denizens have been making their way into my conversations and thoughts, and friends have been patient with my growing case of fish-specific mention-itis. Eels can live to be one hundred years old. Eel writhes in a pan while it’s being cooked. Freshwater eels begin and end in the sea, but spend their lives elsewhere, in riparian exile, waiting. That last fact causes a close friend to say that she can see why I’ve been drawn to this animal–”you’re always in a state of waiting to be somewhere else”. But, I say, eels are patient. And I am not.
Yes, she points out, but you could both wear a shirt that reads ‘Eventually I Will Leave You For The Ocean’.
What I can’t seem to stop thinking about are the dualities of this fish. It can live in rivers and oceans, but at the last, needs the greater wildness of the sea to survive. It will circle, solitary as a stray punctuation mark through dark water, biding its time—and then, moved by forces we can only guess at, will travel across land (land!) to reach the shore. I picture an undulating, multi-feathered wave of black shapes through night grasses in France. A fish whose single syllable hiss is the beginning of my own middle name, Elin. Something resolutely other—a willful mystery in the face of scientific scrutiny.
“They’re kind of gross. We’re talking about eels, right? Slimy? Like snakes? They even sound creepy. Eeeeeeel.” Another friend, over drinks.
And there it is. The sharp edge of otherness. And the danger of names.
When I finished Prosek’s book, reading all the way through to the tail end of the acknowledgements, I noticed that he’d originally conceived of the work as a more culinary-focused adventure. Recipes for eel cookery across the globe. It had gone elsewhere, as writing projects will, but, now I was curious about that first idea. I’d recently finished reading an article by Elizabeth Kolbert in the New Yorker about the Oostvaardersplassen in the Netherlands—a wilderness, as she puts it, “that was…constructed, Genesis-like, from the mud”. Part of an initial vanguard of ‘re-wilding’ experiments in remote corners of Europe, this space whose proposed intent was a recreation of a prehistoric landscape has been fraught with controversy—but, the article noted, has gained support from corners who are chiefly curious about the expanded dining options afforded by the organized rebirth of various ‘lost’ species. We most want to save, I wrote in a journal that night, what we want to eat. More duality—the effort of species rescue, for the purpose of killing and consuming the beast snatched from the brink of extinction, or hauled howling from the genetic vault via the back-breeding of its modern descendants. Could it, I scribbled, work for the eel?
Because, you see, the eel is in danger. When James agreed to talk with me about his book for this issue, I’d mostly thought to ask him about traveling and that initial impulse to collect eel recipes. But, my project, too, went its own way, and instead, among other things, we talked about extinction—and the danger of specific language for unspecific things.
The freshwater eel, he explained to me, needs a critical population mass in order to reproduce. As they work to return to their spawning grounds in the Sargasso Sea, one theory is that there must be enough of them migrating to etch some kind of signature in the water, for the others to follow. A saline songline. Faced with man-made obstructions in the form of hydroelectric dams in rivers across the globe, whose turbines are as so many guillotines strung across the water, eels are, instead, ending elsewhere. They are extraordinarily long-lived, but, can’t wait forever. And when the call comes to return, for so many now, it means death miles inland, the journey unfinished. Unlike the Edenic experiments of the Oostvaardersplassen, it also won’t simply be a matter of genetic back-stepping until the extinct creature rises ghost-like from the molecular ashes. “It’s not like you can save just one breeding pair, “ James, says, “and bring them back. They’ll just be gone.”
Part of the reason for this is that so little is actually known about the reproductive cycle of the eel, right on down to the precise location of the spawning grounds. Adults have, as Prosek notes, finally been seen and captured close to where the smallest eel larvae have been taken—but so much of how they come to be there, how they mate, and why they travel so very far to do so remains a mystery. What isn’t, is that they are declining sharply, around the globe. And that we have no means of artificially rebuilding them, for lack of a better word, as of yet. Efforts have been, and are being made, to breed eels in captivity—stymied, at this stage in the game, by not being able to artificially recreate the precise mixture of marine particles that eel larvae feed on—a detritus called “marine snow”. While the breeding grounds remain an elusive, unfixed point, so does the nature of the food sources available there, at the exact time that they are needed.
This brought us into a discussion about James’ current project, a book about the nature of names, and naming. When I speculate about whether or not an eel would, to bastardize Shakespeare, perhaps smell sweeter if it had a different name, Prosek talks about the difficulties inherent in the human need to categorize nature in order to understand it. And how things like eels, that are, in some senses, neither here nor there—a fish that resembles a snake, who lives in rivers but returns to the sea, whose gender evolution, even, remains murky until a certain age—exist outside of a space that will make us comfortable with them. For him, and, for me, this is what makes them fascinating—in a world where so much essential mystery is daily being chipped away at, it feels all the more important to work to preserve those things that activate our collective wonder. “We always want specific language for things, in order to have a way to control nature, or to try to control it”, he remarks, “and control isn’t necessarily the point. It isn’t, ultimately, something we can control.”
As outdoorspeople and writers, we agree that we’re both conscious of the irony of our own need to name and record, with Prosek going so far as to call his writing more a compulsion than an expression, at times—and the frustration of attempting to translate the visceral into narrative. But also that it is in this duality of language that someone might be able to inspire an impulse to save a creature, where the science of names has not. When I ask him if, as both a painter and a writer, one art form feels more immediate than the other—a better way to translate the untranslatable, so to speak, that occurs in nature, Prosek doesn’t have a ready answer. Both, he thinks, are always chasing after the ghost of the original experience—but painting feels somewhat more personal. His own painting history intertwines with his fishing history so intimately because, he notes, (as he has here, as well) that we observe most closely that which we love, or, as hunters, that which sustains us. Referencing a passage in Izaak Walton’s Compleat Angler, which was, quite famously now, the subject of Prosek’s senior thesis while at Yale, he says that he likes to think that there was a reason Jesus chose to make fishermen his apostles—they are keen observers of the daily shifting face of nature. They know what their streams and rivers look like, in all of their moods, every weather—when the fish rise, when the mayflies hatch, the thousand details of rock and water. When something, even something slight, changes, they see it. “You figure, if you’re going to be performing miracles, you’d want an audience that would recognize them as miracles in the first place.” In other words, God is daily scattering the bright crumbs of miracle before us. It is our job, in whatever way we can, to pay attention, as closely as we are able. And to say what we have seen—word or brush. Language can’t be, and in our shared opinion at least, shouldn’t be used as a means to control nature—that is futile, and leaves little breathing room for the miraculous. But it can be used, however humbly, as a critical sustaining mass—a bright signature against the dimming waters of our collective forgetting.
Prosek recounts the powerful experiences that he had in both New Zealand and on the Micronesian island of Pohnpei where, through story, the eel exists both as an animal and as a spiritual entity. His time in New Zealand, in particular, echoes that aforementioned notion that we most closely observe that which sustains us—on those far-flung islands, eel is both revered, and eaten. It is at once profane and sublime. Daily meal, and demon legend. Kept alive, he notes, both in our conversation and in his book, through the telling and retelling of stories, where words aren’t used to limit an understanding of a creature, only to expand it—to keep mystery alive, in the face of the mundane. Yes, this is the stuff of a weekend barbecue—but some part of it lives outside of cognitive regularity, and keeps us hungry for the unseen.
Some echo of this surfaces in my own life when, in a stray post on Facebook, (the great modern collective unconscious) I mention my growing appreciation for the unique mystery of the eel. My Aunt Rachel, who helped induct me into quahogging as chronicled here, writes to tell me that she has a story for me, about my grandpa catching an eel in Long Pond.
When I read Eels, and, while I’ve been thinking about this article, my grandfather has been much on my mind. In fact, it was a stray remark in an article that Prosek had written for Garden & Gun magazine that ultimately prompted me to email him, asking for an interview—he’d mentioned fishing on Cuttyhunk. An island that my grandpa had known well, and visited often. My grandpa was a fisherman—and, much like the apostles, and countless anglers before him, a keen and close observer, cataloging the mysteries, such as they were, in the waters off of Wareham, MA.
In college, during that first year away, he wrote me letters. The folded pages contained, in addition to his bold black script, small sketches of sea birds. Stray drawings of mussels. What the tide had done that day—the weather and its movements. Sunrise, and sunset. Sometimes, there’d also be a photograph—early dawn, over the pond. Or the sun, burning itself out in Buzzard’s Bay. Unhappy at a school that I would later leave, deep into an upstate New York winter, I’d take these missives with me to my job in the biology department, where I worked alone maintaining the research plants and animals. I fed large aquariums of fish in dimly lit, empty laboratories. Monitored the health of rare toads. Cleaned a walk-in cage containing hundreds of fluttering canaries. And left, as always, the greenhouse for last, where I’d perch on a half-broken stool in the balmy heat, strip off my winter layers, and read about the goings-on of far-off waters.
My outdoor mania, at that time, was for backpacking, not fishing. But my grandpa and I had always been kindred spirits in the way that we found our greatest peace in time alone, spent outdoors. He was a Pisces, and came from seafaring stock. From my conception on the shores of a pond in Miles Standish State Forest during a thunderstorm until now, my parents have always joked that I must be part fish. He was, and I still am, forever restless for water.
When I thought about what James had said, about eels needing a critical mass of themselves in order to survive, I thought also about the ways in which people persist or are scattered by gravity, by biochemistry, by time, and by losing that critical functional accumulation of all three. How I have inherited my grandpa’s pull towards the open sea and his resulting slightly unfixed quality, as though some part of him was never fully with you—but, haven’t, and cannot inherit, all that he knew about the waters that he fished near his home, now that I have come to fish them. That personal, intimate extinction is a small reflection of the greater—we too, need a critical mass in order to survive. Of breath. Of atoms. Of magnetic pulls. And unseen chemistries. To disregard the blank horror of any animal facing its own end is to be out of charity with yourself. No matter your number of limbs, or lack thereof. No matter your name, or the sound of its syllables.
So, when I call my aunt, and ask her to tell me the eel story, it is in part some small effort to add a thin, wavering tributary to the greater channel of eel lore. And when she recounts the surprise, the mystery, and the ‘bloody blue murder’ she screamed when my grandpa pulled an arm-fat eel from a placid summer pond, I hear other voices too, cataloging the ancient interplay between edible and ethereal. I bear witness to her recounting of my grandfather hacking the head off of a freshwater eel with a large knife against the side of the canoe, blood running down into the water, and the great body twisting against his arm. It invisibly stitches itself to the current of the printed stories that I have read, and the other voices that told them, on islands thousands of miles distant from that Massachusetts pond.
I can’t sit in the old red canoe and hear my grandfather tell me how he knows the hidden geography of that one small pond. That way is shut. James Prosek can’t make eels resemble puppies, or be any less ‘other’ than what they simply are. What he and I can do, in greater and smaller ways, is to tell stories. To let language be the critical number by which mystery multiplies, as faithfully as our abilities allow. We can chronicle the miraculous, as best we know how, and hope that others nearby will see the miracles too.
Joan Didion said that ‘we tell ourselves stories in order to live’. This is true when I carry my grandpa’s fishing rod and remembered words down to the water with me, and repeat them here, across the electronic ether. It is true when James writes, with haunting detail, about a man who believes it his life’s privilege to work at the slow, yearly rebuilding of an ancient weir. Let it also be true for a lean sentence of fish, fighting to make their way back to the sea—let them live. Let them persist. One word at a time.
(ed: James Prosek’s documentary, based on his book Eels, airs on the PBS program Nature on April 17th at 8pm.) |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11382 | intuitionistic logic
<logic, mathematics>
Brouwer's foundational theory of mathematics which says that you should not count a proof of (There exists x such that P(x)) valid unless the proof actually gives a method of constructing such an x. Similarly, a proof of (A or B) is valid only if it actually exhibits either a proof of A or a proof of B.
In intuitionism, you cannot in general assert the statement (A or not-A) (the principle of the excluded middle); (A or not-A) is not proven unless you have a proof of A or a proof of not-A. If A happens to be undecidable in your system (some things certainly will be), then there will be no proof of (A or not-A).
This is pretty annoying; some kinds of perfectly healthy-looking examples of proof by contradiction just stop working. Of course, excluded middle is a theorem of classical logic (i.e. non-intuitionistic logic).
Last updated: 2001-03-18
Nearby terms:
intuitionismintuitionistic logicintuitionistic probability
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11385 | The Greatest Games Ever
Discussion in 'UFC Undisputed Gaming' started by kungfu_ghetto, Jan 12, 2015.
1. kickboxing Light Heavyweight
holy santa claus s---
theres a remaster?
whats different just graphics?
hope they kept the original dialog and audio
as with the remake of metal gear solid on gamecube
loved the graphics but shoulda left the old audio ALONE!
I knew that game line by line
2. kickboxing Light Heavyweight
I can only imagine anima in hd!! holy cows
3. kickboxing Light Heavyweight
I think they remade shadow of the colossus but for ps3 not sure
those 2 games redone in hd would make me buy a ps4
shadow of the colossus is a badass game with incredible ost
4. KZUFCchamp2013 Well Liked Cruiserweight
Yeah just the graphics, still has the original music also. Been 10 years since I've played it. I would love for them to remaster mgs1. They did 2-3 on ps3
5. GoodCat Sports Idol Runner Up
I think Shadow Of The Colossus and Ico were only released for PS3, but I don't think the graphics were updated at all. Both games are awesome either way though.
6. KZUFCchamp2013 Well Liked Cruiserweight
The Witcher 3 belongs in this discussion
Oldwardog likes this.
7. MysterLynch OG Middleweight
I am currently playing BG2, the enhanced edition. I love the companions, the personalities crack me up.
There is supposed to be a sequel, of sorts, to Torment in the works.
redd1 and KZUFCchamp2013 like this.
8. Reckin007 OG Cruiserweight
Just gotta blow into it.
9. Reckin007 OG Cruiserweight
Fallout 3/NV, Skyrim, original Mortal Kombat, Zelda OOT, Mario 3, Mario Party (college fave), Goldeneye, NHL 94, NBA Live 95, Madden whatever, Assassin's Creed franchise.
bausch66 likes this.
10. bausch66 Junkie Sole Survivor
I still frequent Super Mario 3
11. Sedulous OG Heavyweight
Damn. I don't play video games anymore but s---....if they are remaking FFVII I'm mighty tempted.
kickboxing and KZUFCchamp2013 like this.
12. Sapper Well Liked OG Heavyweight
How did I miss this... I feel sad now.
13. KZUFCchamp2013 Well Liked Cruiserweight
Reserving a spot for mgsv
TheCregs and Sapper like this.
14. BowserGOAT Well Liked OG Light Heavyweight
15. KZUFCchamp2013 Well Liked Cruiserweight
Update: I'm 15 minutes in. Already comfortable putting it in this discussion
16. JonnyRico OG P4P Great
17. KZUFCchamp2013 Well Liked Cruiserweight
18. Haraldr Well Liked Welterweight
IGN is not a credible game site.
19. JonnyRico OG P4P Great
Sunset Overdrive is one of my favorite XB1 games I've played so far but I would have put Arkham Knight above it. Never played Witcher 3 so I can't form an opinion on that. But I tend to mostly agree with IGN reviews on a lot of things movie/tv, games, or comics.
20. Magson13 OG Lightweight
I got the Devil May Cry remastered collection, which has the first three in it. I thought it would be a lot of fun, because it was such a hit back in the day, but this is terrible.... I don't know if it's due to a lack of nostalgia for having never played it before, but I am not enjoying this game. About 2/3rds of the way through the first one at the moment. Hoping the series improves as it goes on....
I don't think there's truly an answer to "What are the greatest games ever?" But for me, the games I have the best memories of, and have spent the most time playing, in no particular order:
Super Smash Bros series, Goldeneye (N64), Ocarina of Time, Halo series, Elder Scrolls series, Mortal Kombat series, Pokémon Red (Gold, Stadium, and Snap get honorable mention, but Red got so much more playtime)
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11386 | Best domain name registrars
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Best domain name registrars
Postby rbose059 » Mon Jul 29, 2019 11:29 pm
Selecting a domain name for your website or business is a very important step towards creating a website. There are many domain registrars globally but going with a registrar which is accredited by ICANN is necessary. Domain registrars are governed by a regulatory authority ICANN. TLD extension of your domain is another important thing for Geo-Targeting the location of your desired traffic. There are many important things to consider while registering a domain name. For more info you can also check out this article on How to register a domain name
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11415 | Once there was a person who was tasked with reducing a mountain into a flat plain. For a shopping mall. For a housing development. For a prairie. For the gemstones within. They moved their family to a new home at the base of the mountain, which was tall enough to keep snow at the peak even though it was summer down below. Oh, the deer were making children.
There was no matter place to begin than the beginning: all the person had was a wheelbarrow and a small pickaxe. They filled their wheelbarrow with a stone and took it to another part of the world, because, as with ashes, it was a kindness to help the dead see more of the world.
One time they passed by a young couple being wed while pushing a stone in the wheelbarrow. There were white flowers. There was a flash’s crack. There were hands clapping.
One time they saw an accident, two cars on their roofs, bodies scattered in the grass. They called authorities, waited for people with other commissions to show up. Machines beeped along pulsebeats. Lightning made someone breathe again. There was a white sheet. There was a siren, fading.
Returning home from a long time away, the person’s partner said, I miss you. They said, You work too hard. They said, I think I heard a bear, up there.
One time they saw a doe on one side of the road, and its mother on the other. No matter what they tried, the doe wouldn’t cross. It was stubborn, the person thought, but the truth was that it knew something the person didn’t: there was a wolf lurking, it would soon be motherless, but still alive.
One time they passed by a lake so large it might have been a sea. An old man watched a duck drinking water. I can’t wait until it drinks it all up, the old man said. When they asked the old man what happened then, he answered, I die, of course.
They saw time pass. They watched cities yawn into new boundaries. They tried to befriend the bear, but didn’t know where to look.
One time they saw a raven eating the corpse of another raven, and it made them think of glass being recycled.
One time they crossed paths with a boy who asked, Is this the place where no one ever dies? The person said no, but that leveling a mountain could be a good alternative—it would take a hundred years to remove every stone. The boy said that wasn’t good enough, and disappeared.
They mountain started to grumble and teeter, like it was ready to collapse. They asked their only child, who was barely a child any more, if they wanted to climb it together—one last adventure together before their child went to college. When their child said no, they asked if something else might work, but their child was taken into a game that involved killing monsters, divining magic. Their child explained, The game never ends. Even if you get to the end, there’s always more to collect. Well, their child then added, at least until the server gets shut down.
One time the person passed the man and the duck and the lake again and it was half-empty.
One time they saw machines of war: a tank, a dozen Humvees, men and women with weapons of all sorts. A jet flying overhead. A small aircraft, too small for a person to fit inside, circling.
One time they crossed through what had once been a forest. The trunks still stood, roots tangled beneath, but the bodies were gone. A machine rolled through, peeling it all back like carpet.
All at once their partner decided they needed something else in life, and so they departed. If their goodbye were placed vertically, snow would collect at the top, it was that long.
One time they traveled to what had once been a low-lying area and found it overrun with seawater. Seabirds scavenged for crabs. A whale exhaled. They left the stone there, thinking they could fight the ocean.
The mountain collapsed, making it small enough to be scaled even at the person’s middle age, and so they climbed it alone. Pika stood on the tallest rocks that remained, bundles of yellow flowers in their mouths, staring up at the sky, searching for cold.
One time there was a bay dyed black. A seal, dripping in black, cried out. A turtle, encased all over again. A hundred others. They emptied out the stone to help carry the tarred animals, but there were too many, and no one came for them. They buried what they could in the backyard.
One time they were pushed back from a forest they knew well, with uniformed men and women shouting, This isn’t your country any more.
One time they passed by their partner, who had their own task of reducing a different mountain in a distant land. The two lined their wheelbarrows parallel, lined their bodies parallel. A motel with a king-size bed. A television tuned to a premium channel. The partner said, I’m catching up to you. The partner asked, Does yours have a heart, too?
The person’s home started getting western sunlight by then. The home was full of light, but it was empty.
One time they passed by lake and the man and the duck and they were all gone, or dead. Some bones. A concrete foundation at the middle, the sound of a hammer.
One time they dug up some stones and found a skeleton beneath. By the shape of them, they knew it was a bear’s—their partner had been right all along. They buried the bones next to the seal and the turtle and the rest. An owl kept watch. A raincloud sermoned in monsoon.
One time they passed a city that had been decimated by bombs. There was dust everywhere. There were bodies, forgotten. There was a chain of other cities, leveled. There had been a war. There was nothing to be done.
One time they crossed paths again with the boy who wanted to live forever. He had become an old man in the meantime. He said, I don’t know if I want to live forever any more. The person said, If I knew where I had left all the stones, I would go put them back. I would do it all backwards. The boy asked, Why? They said, Never once did I think to take someone with me, show them any of the things that I got to see.
One time while passing through the village they asked a stranger if anyone missed the mountain. The stranger asked, What mountain? and then disappeared.
The last of the stones was delivered to their child’s new home, which was in a distant place. More children had begun to exist. All the children called out the person’s name. The person was too tired to do much of anything. There was cake. A cocktail with a maraschino cherry. A television tuned to a children’s channel. Someone asked, What’s next?
A cave. A flashlight guided the way into the space beneath the emptiness that was the mountain. Stalactites brushed against the person’s face. They descended until they lost their sense of place. They wondered if their partner was somewhere nearby, wandering too in search of them. If only they could reunite again, even here. A dizzy of bats singing ultrasonic. A beating heart, or maybe just a distant drip.
Somewhere above, sometime later, a grandchild arrived with their own children. This is where your great-grandfather once lived, the grandchild said, and the great-grandchildren all tangled their teeth over the word great. One great-grandchild stacked a stone onto another. A second great-grandchild stacked on a third stone. A third great-grandchild stacked on a fourth stone. There was a flash’s crack. There was a deer, waving through newborn trees.
Photo by abdulrahman.stock
Joel Hans
JOEL HANS is the managing editor of Fairy Tale Review, and his fiction has been published in Caketrain, West Branch, Redivider, Yemassee, Booth, and others. He received his MFA in fiction from the University of Arizona. Find him online at joelhans.com.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11416 | Featured Post
Click Here for Reviews of "The Tunnels"
Wednesday, August 31, 2016
To Sir, With Love
Van Morrison--or more properly, these days, Sir George Ivan Morrison--turned 21 today. There are those of us--Greil Marcus may be another--who think Van Morrison's cult classic Veedon Fleece, released exactly 40 years ago, might be his greatest album. Here's just one "highlight." Ain't it lonely, livin' with a gun? And then one of his all-time greats, "Streets of Arklow."
Doctor Noe said...
Greg, your post got me on a Van run this evening as the lights went out in my neighborhood. I was watching this:
... and Oh, yeah ... Veedon is the shit yo!
-- Noe the G
Susan said...
Your blog is too much amazing. I have found with ease what I was looking. Moreover, the content quality is awesome. Deskgram - sponsored app displaying ads next to its claims to be a desktop Instagram version. Deskgram is the website that claims to be. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11430 | AcclaimIP HelpACCLAIMIP HELP MANUAL MATRIX QUERIESMatrix Query Patent Landscape Overview
Matrix Query Patent Landscape Overview
A matrix is a table or a grid. It contains both rows and columns that hold patent queries. Each cell contains the intersection of the two queries.
A Simple Matrix Example
The example above is an example of a simple 1-tier matrix. The labels for the columns are class queries for the top CPC main groups for Google. The row labels are some of Google's major competitors. When the matrix is run, each cell contains the number of patents each of those companies owns in each of those classes.
Viewing the Matrix
Once you click the Run Matrix button (1), the matrix will fill in the number of patents based off the intersection of the searches your labels contain. So for instance in this example, Google owns 8,004 patents in the CPC class G06Q30, while Yahoo owns 2,744 patents in the same class. You can then click a label (here the G06F17 column label (2)) to expose, in the left panel, certain information. This information is in the Query tab (3) and the Effective Query tab (4) for the G06F17 column label. Additionally, the system will highlight the label that you clicked on.
Notice that the query in the Query tab (3) is CPC:G06F17 (Cooperative Patent Classification Code G06F17). Remember that this is a simple query. The Effective Query for column and row labels is more complicated, as it includes what is in the Query tab, as well as other filters, such as date ranges, etc. Note that in this example, the query is fairly simple. It is only one advanced syntax query with one term. It does not have to be this simply, however. When it needs to be, it can be just as complicated as any query you run from other search fields.
I also entered some notes in the Notes panel (5) to remember what the Main Group G06F17 actually is. This can be extremely helpful if I come back to this matrix at a later point, or if the matrix is complicated.
Highlight a Row
In the above example, the Google row is highlighted. Note that the simple query ANC:GOOGLE (Assignee Current is Google) is associated with each cell in the row.
The first cell (with the number 16,048) shows the intersection of the two queries CPC:G06F17 AND ANC:GOOGLE. The same process is calculated for all the cells in the grid (e.g., the cell with the number 7,121 is the intersection of the two queries CPC:G06F3 and ANC:GOOGLE). This matrix gives you a very basic high-level landscape of how Google's patent portfolio stacks up against some of their competitors. This simple matrix takes less than one second to compute. More sophisticated matrices can take longer since it may be that thousands of intersections need to be computed.
The Matrix window contains all the functions you need to build much more sophisticated multi-tier patent landscape matrices.
Show Sparklines
Sparklines are small charts that represent a 20-year timeline charted by the number of patents associated with each cell. In this example, the Sparklines are by Published Date, but the matrix supports options for File and Priority dates as well. Notice the 979 pop-up (1). This happens when you hover your cursor over a specific spot on the Sparklines. Where you are hovering on the Sparkline is represented by a small red bar (2).
Viewing Patents
Click any blue number in a cell to view the patents represented there. In this example, I clicked the "2,978" in the G06F17/Yahoo (1) cell. Notice that the search window (2), on the Search Results grid, shows the cross referenced query. The cross referenced query is "(CPC:g06f17) AND (ANC:Yahoo)" and includes the Search Options the query was based on.
Exporting Matrices
On the far right of the Matrix window, there are four horizontal tabs. Clicking the Export (1) tab gives you two export options.
1. Result Counts --> This is the information shown in the matrix in a grid format. The example above shows the information in Excel (note that the excel file is overlaid on the matrix only so that we can show them together. It is not actually shown in the AcclaimIP User Interface).
2. Document Numbers --> This option give you patent numbers in a multi-file zipped folder, where each single file contains all the patent numbers in a single, associated cell. In other words, one single file here would contain the 16,048 patent numbers from cell one, another single file would contain all of the 7,121 patent numbers from cell two, etc.
Easy Modification
This simple example starts to show the power of the matrix. In the image example above, I duplicated the first matrix to preserve my technology class queries. I did this by choosing the "Save As" option from the Save Matrix button menu (1) and saved the matrix under a different name. I then deleted the assignees in the rows and added special queries to see how Google came to own these patents.
Multiple Tiers
In the example image above, we show a mobile phone landscape matrix of patents relating or enabling specific components of mobile phones. Below the Level 1 tier is a Level 2 tier which further breaks down the component into its major features and allows you to drill down further. This is because we know that patents don't read on devices, or even components of devices, but rather features of components of devices. So the matrix is a multi-tier analysis system to represent the real world. For example, you can see that Samsung has 252 patents under the Display feature, but Huawei only has 61. However, Huawei has almost the same number of patents in the Network category as Samsung does. This can give you more insight into what is important to your competitors.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11460 | Sunday, April 21, 2013
#SexySnippets and #8Sunday Weekend Writing Warriors A Dragon's Heart, A Demon's Blood
Run, run as fast as you can! I just realized I did not set this up last night! It's all my sister's fault, she kidnapped me to watch Iron Man 1 and 2 so I can go with her to the movies to watch Iron Man 3.We were up until 3am! But enought about Iron Men, you're here either to visit the Evernight Book Boyfriend Blog Hop, in which case you can click Here, or for the #SexySnippets and #8Sunday.
Welcome in all cases! *smile*
The following sentences belong to A Dragon's Heart, A Demon's Blood...
Adrian shuddered. The Eaters were the worst kind of demons, and even he felt apprehensive in their presence. He’d asked Zendaya for a special sort of monster to scare Victoria into submission but he hadn’t expected her to send one of the spirit scavengers. These demons had no shadowy manifestations, nor could they impersonate humans. They were the demons of myths and
legends, the sort that scared humans to death. The creature walked toward them on unsteady and stilted goat legs, blood dripping from festering wounds on its human torso. He sneered at them and lifted an arm, his hands ending in long, slashing claws that could easily rip your heart out.
#8Sunday Sentences for...
The smell of fear and panic rose off her in waves. She’d always felt the eyes, seen shadows, but she
had no idea of what really lay behind. Now, for the first time ever she was catching a full glimpse of the watchful eyes.
“I can take you to safety, Victoria. I can’t explain now. You just have to trust me.” He took a step back, dragging her with him as the demon approached them with hesitant, eerie steps, emitting low
Do you think she'll trust him to take her to safety? I'm not saying :p Now, go ahead and read some of those great sentences out there!
Until he meets his new assignment: Victoria Green.
Available at:
1. Very suspenseful! I want to keep reading. :)
2. Sneaky bastard:) And yep, I'd take his hand and run too.
3. Oh goodness, what an awful creature. I'd be out of there in skinny minute.
4. OK, I'm officially and thoroughly spooked and ready to leave with Adrian!!! Very effective excerpt!
5. Ooh, spirit scavengers. Nice world building...intriguing. And an evocative snippet. Great!
6. Love the mixture of fear, seduction, and the need for safety. Well done!!
7. Oooh, the description of the demon sent chills down my back. Must. Have. More...
1. Thanks Thianna! There are many more demons out there...
8. Sounds very interesting. Great choice!
9. Love the suspense. Now I want to know if she follows him. It looks like my kind of paranormal, action-packed. Off the check it out.
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11471 | RHINO CLIPS 2018-08-04T17:05:00+00:00
Tested and approved by England International tournament
caster Jay ‘Rhino Power’ Lee”.
High Quality Power Link for attachment of larger leads
when casting extreme distances when shore fishing, tournament casting
or fishing deep water from a boat
Sizes: 3 and 4 – 20 and 35kg. 10 clips in a pack.
Sizes available:
Size: 3 – 20kg/45lb test.
Size: 4 – 35kg/80lb test. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11481 | Gateway for:
Member Countries
#1258High Precision Radiation Measurements
Method of High Precision Measurements of the Gamma Intensity ( delta I / I Method ) and Applications
#1507Non-destructive Inspection of Surfaces
Highly Precision Method for Nondestructive Analysis of Surfaces in a Subnanometer Depth Range
#1623Radwaste Conditioning for North-West Russia
Development of Compositions and Technologies for Conditioning Radioactive Waste from Nuclear Power Installations in North-West region of Russia (Radiorok)
#1795Alternative Technologies for Medical Radionuclide Production
Creation of Economic Alternative Technologies for Radionuclide Production for Medical Diagnostics and Therapy
#2532Magnetism and Strong Correlations in Quantum Corrals and Clusters
Magnetism and strong correlations in quantum corrals and clusters
#3514Removing Corrosion Products from NPP’s Systems
Development of Technology for Separating Corrosion Produced Radionuclides from Water by High-Gradient Magnetic Filtration
#3850The Electrophoretic Determination oF Biological Active Substances
The Strategy of the Сhoice of Analytical Method for Determination of Bioactive Substances (Steroids, Neurotransmitters, Proteins and Natural Antioxidants) in Biological Objects (Urine, Blood, Tears at al.)
#3963Thin Film Structure
Development of a Comprehensive Approach to Study a Structure of Thin-Film Systems
#3976Geoceramic Matrices for Radioactive Waste
Development of Process for Synthesizing Aluminosilicate-Phosphate Geoceramic Matrices Used to Immobilize Radioactive Forms of Strontium and Cesium
#KR-1828Electromagnetic Monitoring of the Northern Tien Shan
Development of the Electromagnetic Monitoring Technology for Seismically Active Zones of the Northern Tien Shan in the Frequency Range from 0.1 Hz to 1 MHz |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11511 | XML Sitemap
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11515 | Working meeting with JSC Concern VKO “Almaz-Antey” (Russian Federation)
During the period from 28th till 29th of November, 2019 in the city of Nur-Sultan in the framework of military-technical cooperation between Republic of Kazakhstan and Russian Federation were held the technical consultations and presentations of universal target training complex “Adjutant”, track radar complex 12A6, radar station RSP-28M and small-sized radar station 1L122-E for the needs of Ministry of defense of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
Blog of the Minister
Atamkulov B. B.
Minister of industry and infrastructural development of the RK |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11526 | M. Pharm
Calender of Events Academic Year: 2019-20
1st & 2nd Semester
3rd & 4th Semester
M Pharm Syllabus (RS3 - 2017-18 - by PCI syllabus)
Minimum qualification for admission A Pass in the following examinations
Note: It is mandatory to submit a migration certificate obtained from the respective university where the candidate had passed his/her qualifying degree (B.Pharm.)
5% relaxation in minimum eligibility criteria of candidate belonging to reserved category.
Duration of the course
Course of Study
The study of M. Pharm course shall be of annual system that includes M. Pharm Part-I, extending for twelve moths from the commencement of academic term and M. Pharm Part-II of twelve months duration. At the end of M. Pharm Part-I, there shall be an university examination of M. Pharm Part-I. At the end of M. Pharm Part-II, the candidate shall submit a dissertation on the topic approved by the university.
Attendance and progress of studies
• A candidate pursuing M. Pharm Course shall study in the concerned department of the institution for the entire period as full time student. No candidate is permitted to work in any laboratory/ college/industries /pharmacy etc., while studying post graduate course. No candidate should join any other course of study or appear for any other examination conducted by this university or any other university in India or abroad during the period of registration.
• Each year shall be taken as a unit for the purpose of calculating attendance.
• Every student shall attend symposia, seminars, conferences, journal review meetings and lectures during each year as prescribed by the department/college/university and not absent him/her without valid reasons
• A candidate is required to put in at least 80% attendance in individual courses considering theory and practical separately. The candidate shall complete the prescribed course satisfactorily to be eligible to appear for the respective examinations
Schemes for internal assessments and end semester examinations |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11577 | .: 26 April 2017 :.
Released the Unofficial Design Portfolio Handbook
I think that to designers your portfolio can greatly impact your career, but building one is quite challenging. I’ve personally struggled for years from which I learned a lot. To share my learnings I decided to write about this topic for the last 36 weeks. This unofficial guide summarizes 36 articles which originally appeared in my mail list. It’s not complete, it’s not perfect but it’s a start.
Download your free copy here.
© 2018 Martijn van den Broeck
All rights reserved. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11597 | Particle kill field for Maya
by Mike Rhone
I’ve been using Houdini for the last few months and I realized that it’s been a while since I’ve posted a good trick for Maya particles, so here is a hack I’ve had in the toolbelt for a while. I call this the Maya kill field.
This technique works with both nParticles and regular oldschool particles. In this example I’m using basic emitter and nParticles and have turned on the nucleus gravity for the system. I press play and I get a simple system like this:
Maya doesn’t have any such thing as a ‘killField’, so were are going to hack one using a uniform field node. Select the particles, then create the uniform field. Rename the uniform to killField. Set these settings:
Magnitude = 0.001
Attenuation = 0.0
Direction = 0.0, -1.0, 0.0
Volume shape = cube
When you have the particle selected and you create a field in Maya, the field is automatically connected to the particles. Now that the uniform field is created, scale it up in the scene so it is underneath where the particles are falling as I’ve done here:
In the particle attibute editor, change the lifespan mode to lifespanPP.
A bit of back story. When you connect fields to a particle system in Maya, a hidden particle attribute is created called inputForce. Every field that gets attached to a particle system creates one of these attributes. Because this is the only field in this scene, this attribute is called inputForce[0]. If you already have other fields in your scene this field may be inputForce[1], inputForce[2] etc.
Now that we understand that, lets create a particle expression to tell Maya what to do with this killField. Open the attribute editor for the particle system, right click on lifespanPP in the per particle (Array) attributes section and choose ‘Creation expression’. Now add this expression:
if (mag(inputForce[0] >= 0.0001))
lifespanPP = 0.0;
Click Create. Now copy that expression (CTRL+C) , then click on the ‘Runtime before dynamics’ radio box. Paste the expression in there as well. Click Create.
That should do it! Press play and you should see the particles disappear as soon as they enter the ‘killField’. Now if you want to have a setup that kills particles that are outside of the killField volume, turn volume exclusion ON on the killField.A bonus to this method is that because we are doing this via particle expressions and fields it is many magnitudes faster than using a collision event to kill particles.
Download the demo scene
Now I did say this was a hack. One problem with this method is that the particle is killed the frame after it enters the kill field. This is because the particle needs to be in the kill field before it can affect it. Scale the field up or down as needed. For the kill field to work it has to have a very small amount of affect on the particles. I have found a uniform magnitude of 0.001 is usually so negligible it won’t be noticed.
Feel free to leave comments, questions or suggestions…!
–Mike Rhone
Creative Commons Licence This tutorial is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported License. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11601 | Mitch Siegal
Jade (instrumental) |
Play Buy
Instrumental Piano and Strings
Music Credits: Mitch Siegal
Performance Credits: Mitch Siegal
Short Song Description:
My wife wanted me to write a song that was about her!
Long Song Description:
My wife wanted a song about her, and later I discovered an instrumental is not what she had in mind!
Song Length: 2:50
Primary Genre: New Age-Contemporary
Secondary Genre: -
Tempo: Slow (71 - 90)
Lead Vocal: Instrumental
Mood 1: Enchanting
Mood 2: Relaxed
Similar Artist 1: David Gray
Similar Artist 2: Yanni
Era: 2000 and later |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11602 |
XML Print
Download citation:
Send citation to:
Aminimoghaddam S, Omranipoor A. Successful treatment using Actinomycin D in a case of methotrexate-resistant ectopic pregnancy: A case report . Med J Islam Repub Iran. 2019; 33 (1) :605-607
URL: http://mjiri.iums.ac.ir/article-1-5693-en.html
Department of Gynecology Oncology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran , [email protected]
Abstract: (584 Views)
Ectopic pregnancy is an urgent clinical condition that represents a serious hazard to reproductive power, and thus threatens woman's health. Commonly, methotrexate is considered for early resolution of placental tissue. Despite its potential advantages such as minimizing hospitalization and quick recovery, its high skin and gastrointestinal side-effects and requiring time monitoring may limit its application. Recently, high effectiveness of the single-agent chemotherapy agents, such as Actinomycin D, has been suggested. Herein, a case of methotrexate-resistant EP that was successfully treated with Actinomycin D was described.
Full-Text [PDF 705 kb] (159 Downloads)
Type of Study: case report | Subject: Gynecology & Obstetrics
Add your comments about this article : Your username or Email:
Send email to the article author |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11612 | Jcrew Web Scraper, Jcrew Price Tracking, Jcrew Data Extraction
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11613 | Fw: Fwd: Fw: Fwd: What if ..... ?
date:10 March 2015 at 09:05
subject:Fw: Fwd: Fw: Fwd: What if ..... ?
CharlieE said...
Sort of an odd cartoon about a president who has, so far, ordered thousands of bombing missions on ISIS.
It seems that Republicans just live in their own bizarre little world.
President Eisenhower, for what it's worth, played golf twice a week during his two terms of office.
Schitzengiggles said...
Just to show how stupid Republicans are, they actually believe in a hypothetical situation where a Black man would have been allowed to be President in 1941. That's akin to believing in the Tooth Fairy, Santa Clause and supply side economics.
Anonymous said...
This cartoon does (inadvertently) hit on one thing correctly: the desire to turn every war and potential war into WW2.
This desire is rampant in wingnuts. World War II is remembered as "the good war", the romantic war, the war with very stark lines between the "good guys" and the "bad guys" (at least in memory, never mind all the actual unpleasant details). In their minds it was simple, straightforward, and right.
The real world, of course, contains all those unpleasant details and complications.
ferschitz said...
Good comments. Boy that's some really stinky NeoCon propaganda there. As if O'Bomber hasn't been drone killing Muslims across the globe - drone Tuesdays come to mind. The USA is engaged in conflicts in about 30 countries. O'Bomber continues to keep the USA involved on one level or another in Iraq & Afghanistan. The list could go on.
This is about ginning up the rubes to have their pockets picked in the name of bomb bomb bombing Iran - something that Mad Dog McCain's been nutty about from the start. Forget that Iran has no nukes and has abided by various non-proliferation terms as possible.
Per usual, it's about the 1% making as much money as possible from killing dusky hued people somewhere else.
It's totally nuts and has no bearing on reality, except the weird ugly fearful hateful racist reality in which most conservatives choose to live. Ugh.
Mike Hawk said...
ferschitz....You're wearing out that line about "dusky hued" people. Give it a rest.
Where we drop bombs and kill folks with drone strikes had nothing to do with the victims' skin color.
Mike Hawk said...
Randall said...
And if the right-wingers we had in office in 2001 had been in office in 1941 we would have declared war on China after the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor.
Schitzengiggles said...
LMAO. That's funnier than the cartoon by a long shot.
Mike Hawk said...
So WW2 was "simple"? Since when, "Anon" above? Inquiring minds want to know....
What a fokin' MORONIC statement, whether one be a liberal peace dove or a warmongering conservative.
Schitzengiggles said...
There's that reading comprehension thing again. What Anon said was:
" In their minds it was simple, straightforward, and right."
It says "their minds" (the Conservative GG it would seem to indicate) not Anon's mind.
Now the debate would be whether that's really the feeling of the Conservative GG folks or not. Discuss amongst yourselves. I'm getting verklempt. ;-)
Creative Commons License |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11617 | XML Sitemap
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11626 | daemon 0.6.3 review
by rbytes.net on
Daemon turns other processes into daemons
License: GPL (GNU General Public License)
File size: 57K
Developer: raf
0 stars award from rbytes.net
Daemon turns other processes into daemons. There are many tasks that need to be performed to correctly set up a daemon process.
This can be tedious. Daemon performs these tasks for other processes. This is useful for writing daemons in languages other than C, C++ or Perl (e.g. /bin/sh, Java).
Here are some key features of "daemon":
Sets up the correct process context for a daemon.
Behaves sensibly when started by initd(8) or inetd(8).
Revokes any suid or sgid privileges to reduce security risks in case daemon is incorrectly installed with special privileges.
Prevents the generation of core files to prevent leaking sensitive information from daemons run as root (optional).
Names the daemon by creating and locking a PID file to guarantee that only one daemon with the given name can execute at any given time (optional).
Sets the user and group under which to run the daemon (optional, root only).
Creates a chroot gaol (optional, root only).
Captures the daemon's stdout and stderr and directs them to syslog (optional).
Respawns the daemon when it terminates (optional).
Configuration file to define default options for different daemons (optional).
GNU make to compile.
perl to run the scripts in the conf directory and to install per-function manpage links
an ISO C compiler like gcc to compile the source.
pod2man (comes with perl) to make the manpages.
pod2html (comes with perl) to make the html manpages.
POSIX 1003.2 compliant regex functions.
daemon 0.6.3 search tags |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11632 | < July 2011 >
1 2
3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Mon, 11 Jul 2011:
I laughed till it hurt and then some more.
The movie is all entertainment. There is no deeper message, no underlying moral - just plain all out entertainment. But that's why I go to the movies, to laugh, not to see a poignant portrayal of urban india (even about its lack of hygiene or its lack of running water). Totaly worth everything I paid for, despite the fact that Lido chose to charge me extra because they don't have an intermission to fleece me with overpriced junk.
Now, there's nothing new about the plot or the premise. Let's get that out of the way - I saw this movie before in 1992 when it was called Mimics Parade. But for anyone who's seen a Priyadarshan re-warmed-over movie, this movie wasn't stolen. This was reborn afresh, just like an idea whose time had come, yet again.
This is a director's movie. This is a script writer's movie more than adequately carried by the actors. The presentation is absolutely original and so is its framing sequence in 2011's Delhi. Whoever though up the name "Suntara" needs a pat-on-the-back (same for the "Mill on the Floss" reference). All in all, they've managed to turn what was probably a shitty (*sic*) joke into a running gag throughout the movie.
And then they went crazy with the idea. Guns, car chases and robberies. Every tiny coincidence, probable as it may be, building up to ridiculous proportions. Like a Coupling episode, but with more fart jokes. As a metaphor for the whole movie there's the bad guys with a paper bag over Shenaz Treasurywalla's head - in short, all the good stuff, with all the bad stuff papered over. Entertaining and full of laughs, without any of stuff that made romantic comedies unbearable.
And the songs aren't half bad either.
"Our comedies are not to be laughed at."
-- Samuel Goldwyn
posted at: 19:11 | path: /movies | permalink | Tags: , |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11643 | Dictionary definitions on Arabic Almanac
Appears 5 times in the Quran.
1. And certainly you have come to Us alone as We created you at first, and you have left behind your backs the things which We gave you, and We do not see with you your intercessors about whom you asserted that they were (Allah's) associates in respect to you; certainly the ties between you are now cut off and what you asserted is gone from you.
5. Say: I exhort you only to one thing, that rise up for Allah's sake in twos and singly, then ponder: there is no madness in your fellow-citizen; he is only a warner to you before a severe chastisement. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11644 | Re: [OpenMap Users] no display from HelloWorld example, OpenMap 4.6
From: Bob Stine <>
Date: Fri, 20 Aug 2004 13:08:53 -0700 (PDT)
As you suggested, inserting a call to helloWorld.pack() immediately before the call to helloWorld.setVisible(true) solves the problem. Thanks!
In the "for what it's worth" category: the display also happens more-or-less successfully if I comment out the line that adds the OMToolSet instance to the MapHander. But then I don't get the tool kit bar at the top of the page.
A thread dump of the processes that were failing to display a window shows that the AWT thread is waiting on a lock in the Component.invalidate() method:
Full thread dump Java HotSpot(TM) Client VM (1.4.2_03-b02 mixed mode):
"AWT-EventQueue-0" prio=7 tid=0x02e2f348 nid=0x1d4 waiting for monitor entry [512f000..512fd8c]
at java.awt.Component.invalidate(
- waiting to lock <0x10504c08> (a java.awt.Component$AWTTreeLock)
at java.awt.Container.invalidate(
Bob Stine
"Let's roll!" Todd Beamer, UA flight 93
[To unsubscribe to this list send an email to ""
Received on Fri Aug 20 2004 - 16:09:52 EDT
|
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11666 | Monday, July 16, 2012
My Unconventional Paycheck
I don't think I've mentioned this before, but Brian and I don't get paid. In a conventional way, that is. We volunteer full-time with Youth With A Mission, and nobody in YWAM gets paid. So for almost 4 years, we haven't had a steady monthly paycheck.
Can I just tell you how amazing God is and how much I have learned about His provision? I have seen generosity in levels that I never knew existed.
We live on relationship-based support. In short, this means that people with whom we have genuine relationships with support us financially, emotionally, and spiritually. Our friends and family believe in what we're doing in our work with YWAM, so they call us, visit us in Montana, send gifts for Nicholas, pray for us, and some of them send us money. We are SO blessed to have a community of people who believe in us. It's crazy how God orchestrates these things. We didn't join YWAM thinking, "we are so cool that people should give us money to do this job!" We joined thinking, "oh Lord, we think that you called us to do this, but we don't know how we're going to live each month. Help!"
And then God brought generous people our way. People who are generous with their time, their lives, their money, and their friendship. Many of these people don't have much extra to share, but they still share. God often reminds me that people are sacrificing in order to support, encourage, and bless us. Wow. I am humbled.
And so my paycheck? It's not necessarily consistent. Some months we have more wiggle-room, and other months are tight. (Just like everyone one else.) Yet I am so grateful for what God has shown me through this experience. He provides everything we need. Sometimes in totally normal, every-day ways, and sometimes in completely miraculous ways. I'm learning that life can be incredibly joyful whether you live in a tiny dorm room or a condo with a beach view in Hawaii (I'll tell you that story later :) ). The littlest things make a huge difference (like diapers being on sale, someone buying me a coffee, or an unexpected check in the mail). Stuff is not that important, but relationships are. God is generous, and so are His people. And I am incredibly blessed.
1. new blogger follower as of last week. My sister in law worked with YWAM in Kurdistan (spelled?)...I admire what you do and enjoy reading your posts!...your son is a cutie too ;)...Id love to have a portion of some of my etsy sales go to your family if thats an ok idea... ;)
2. One of our dear friends are in a similar job as you...they work for Campus Crusade for Christ and wow has the Lord provided for them! They just adopted their first baby after 10 years of infertility and together with your story, I am proud to know Christians who give so much to serving!
3. So awesome! Thanks for sharing what I needed! I am trusting God will provide for me too! :) I know He will, because I know He is calling me to serve! And what an awesome God we serve!
4. You're an inspiration Mack :) Love you guys. And we ADORE getting gifts for Nicholas.
5. thanks for sharing about your ministry! God is good!
6. Wow, that really requires a huge leap of faith! Good for you!
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11677 | How old is an Elder?
There are two kinds of elders within the Presbyterian Church in Canada:teaching
and ruling elders.Teaching
are ministers who
convene or "moderate" meetings of session. Session (or Kirk Session) is the name
given to the group of elders in each congregation.
Ruling elders are
elected by the congregation and ordained by God through the minister. They must
be church members in good and regular standing and "be an example to the
believers in speech, conduct, love, faith and purity." (I Timothy 4:12)
A person of any age who possesses the gifts of eldership and feels called by God
to be an elder may be considered for this position within the church. Elders are
called and ordained for life. In some congregations, they serve for life as
session members. Other congregations have term service eldership where elders
are active for 6 year terms.
What are the Responsibilities of the Session?
• Provide Leadership– enable
the congregation to serve and worship Christ to the best of their ability
• Oversee– all groups and
organizations within the church
• Set– the hour and form of
• Administer – and support a
program of Christian education
• Regularly– review the
membership roll
• Inform– the congregation of the
work of the church
• Control– the use of the church
• Maintain– >Pastoral Care
• Admit– people into church
• Encourage– Stewardship and
• Arrange– assistance for the |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11681 | You are here
Computer in a Single Chip
With advances in computer hardware, the possibility of an all-in-one computer chip looms in the distance. Cloud computing; where multiple servers exchange information from various locations. In 2009, Intel took this idea of cloud computing and made it into a single chip with 48 unique cores communicating with each other.
See: Intel Labs Single Chip article for more on this.
From that point, the concept of a computer in a chip has been discussed and implemented. ( Read more on single chip computers at )
Although it is currently not plausible at this time, the concept would eradicate the PC building enthusiast market. Or would it bring about new methods of customising your PC? Once it is becomes a reality, there will be a significant change in sizes of computers. Workstations capable of video editing or high graphics processing would be the size of the house tablet.
At this point in time, a computer still needs ample cooling capabilities and this fact would still remain with the all-in-one chips. But how would cooling be implemented on a device that handles, memory, graphics and processing among other things? I am certain there are many more challenges that researchers will have to overcome before it is even viable to consider mass producing these chips. Even with the advent of this new technology, it is highly likely that the PC modding community would still be just as happy with their 1000+ watt gaming rigs.
Hi Tex
Just tried to follow the link referenced in your article and got a 404 Error
Did a search on Intel web site and was linked to youtube
Not sure if that is the one you wished to reference?
Cheers Regards Mark D
Links should work now. Thanks, Mark. What's your view on the technology?
Very interesting... its a tad deep for me.... I am more a hands on person....
When reading the material I also found another reference that may be useful to programmers out there :)
Regards Mark D
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11687 | Installing Flask
I thought I would start off with some tutorials on python using my raspberry pi. I should mention I am far from an expert on the Raspberry Pi, flask or even python. I am just learning and these are my notes (in tutorial form) up here for everyone to see. My hope is that that anyone correcting my python will better my own coding, and help others too.
First up we are going to start with setting up flask on a standard Raspbian install.
I am going to assume that you have a raspberry pi with the latest version of Raspbain installed. If your not make sure you have python 2.7 or better installed on your system at the very least.
Installing Flask
Ok here we go!
We will install flask using a virtual environment. This is so that your main Python installation is not affected by any of the extensions or flask itself in the event anything goes wrong. This is only my preference to work this way. I could also add that you don’t need to have root access to get this running!
So to start you want to make a folder to house your website/app. Open up the terminal window, choose where you want to store it. My example will be in ‘/home/pi/website’
mkdir /home/pi/website
Install the python virtualenv package
apt-get install python-virtualenv
Move into that website folder if you have not already done so.
cd /home/pi/website
Next create the virtual environment by entering the following command:
virtualenv flask
This will create a complete Python environment inside a folder called flask! Closer and closer to having our site done!
There are 2 ways to do things now. You can either activate the virtual environment and then run the next commands without the path names (which I don’t like to do). Or you can instead just invoke the interpreter you want by typing the pathname. The benefit of invoking the interpreter is that if you have more than one environment running you don’t have to keep activating and deactivating when working on more than one project.
So finally lets download and install flask
flask/bin/pip install flask
Assuming everything is ok you can just go ahead and remove the ‘’ file now we won’t need it anymore.
“Hello, World” in Flask
Now you have a project folder ‘website’ and you have a sub-folder with flask and a Python interpreter. We can now get started with a Hello World. Just to prove its all working.
Within your website folder lets start making some folders.
mkdir app
mkdir app/static
mkdir app/templates
mkdir tmp
The app folder is for the website. The static sub-folder is for all the static files like images, javascripts, and style sheets.
The templates sub-folder is for templates… ok self explanatory.
Why make all this… Well later when I give more tutorials you will want to have these folders in place and ready to use.
We need to create a init script in our app folder ‘app/’ which will create the application object (class of Flask) and then will import the views module (going to take care of that in a moment)
from flask import Flask
app = Flask(__name__)
from app import views
The views are handlers that respond to requests from web browsers. In Flask views are written as Python functions.
Each view function will be mapped to one or more requested URLs.
So lets write the views function ‘app/’:
from app import app
def index():
return "Hello, World!"
There it is hello world! But we are not done yet. This view is just returning a string that will be displayed in the web browser.
The two lines @app.route(‘/’) and @app.route(‘/index’) are route decorators to create mappings from the URLs ‘/’ and ‘/index’ to the function below it.
Finally we want to get this serving to the web so we need a script to get the development web server running.
We need to make the file in the website folder ‘website/’
from app import app = True, host="")
The script will import the app variable from our app package and then invokes its run method to start the server.
Remember that the app variable has to hold the Flask instance we created before.
The ‘host=’ is optional. Basically if you don’t have it flask will only accept requests from localhost or (basically the browser on the raspberry pi itself) having the will mean that flask will accept any request from anywhere. This is better to have if you are running the pi as a headless system and you want to test on another computer.
Just before we can run the app we need to indicate that this is an executable file:
chmod a+x
Then the script can simply be executed as follows:
You will see that the server is now running and listening on port 5000. Now you can fire up your web browser and enter the following URL (changing the IP to your raspberry pi’s IP):
YEAH!!! You did it! Hello World!
Remember those route mappings from before? This means that after the port number you can enter ‘/index’ and you should also get to your hallo world page, neat huh!
Then when your done mucking around with the server you you can just hit Ctrl-C to stop it.
Whats awesome about this setup is that you can leave the server running and just simply edit any file and it will reload live to the server.. so make a change and hit refresh and you should see the change. But with one exception…. Exceptions… If you code something wrong and save it, when flask takes the new version of the file and reads it. It might crash.
Next time I want to start on some basic templating with Bootstrap and Jinja2
See you later! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11702 | .TH sweb 1 .\" $Id: sweb.1,v 2.0 1994/02/25 13:43:28 ramsdell Exp $ .SH NAME sweb \- Simple support for literate programming in Lisp. .SH SYNOPSIS .B sweb [-stuvwx] [input_file [output_file]] .SH DESCRIPTION A SchemeWEB file is a Lisp source file which contains code sections and comment sections, but each section is identified in a novel way. A code section begins with a line whose first character is a left parenthesis. It continues until a line is found which contains the parenthesis that matches the one which started the code section. The remaining lines of text in the source file are treated as comments. Several operations involving SchemeWEB files are provided by the .B sweb program. .PP The .B \-t option translates a SchemeWEB file into a standard Lisp file. It simply adds an initial semicolon to comment lines that lack them, and passes code sections through unchanged. This process is called tangling the SchemeWEB file. .PP The .B \-w option translates a SchemeWEB file into a LaTeX source file. Text is added to code sections so that LaTeX will print the code verbatim. Comment sections are passed through unchanged except that if the first character of a line is a semicolon, it is excised. This makes it possible to process a SchemeWEB file which has been tangled. This process is called weaving the SchemeWEB file. This is the default action of .B sweb. .PP The .B \-x option weaves a SchemeWEB file as above, except the LaTeX source produced inhibits page breaks in code sections. .PP The .B \-u option translates a Lisp file which has been produced from a SchemeWEB file back into a SchemeWEB file. It simply removes the first semicolon in every line that starts with one as its first character. This process is called untangling a .B sweb produced Lisp file. .PP The .B \-s option tangles a SchemeWEB file and strips all comments from the file. .PP The .B \-v option prints version information. .PP A SchemeWEB file can be stored and distributed as a standard Lisp file by tangling the SchemeWEB file. For the purposes of editing comments, the SchemeWEB file can be recovered by untangling the Lisp file. LaTeX documentation can be generated from both the Lisp file or the SchemeWEB file. .PP SchemeWEB was originally developed for the Scheme dialect of Lisp; however, it became obvious that no changes were required to support most other dialects. SchemeWEB's name reflects its heritage. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11712 |
Wednesday, November 14, 2007
My Favorite Things BoHo Blossom
I really love this set!
arlsmom aka Lynda said...
Thank you so much for your kind post on my blog. Love your cards...where in the PNW are you?
Pearl said...
Your just full of ideas ...luv the flourish........ |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11742 | You are here
Champions Challenge Rodeo Winners!
Submitted by tiffany.manwaring on Mon, 05/20/2019 - 23:54
Tiffany Manwaring
Congratulations to the following students for winning the Champions Challenge!
Our TWO Grand Prize Winners receiving TWO Rodeo Tickets, clothing from Reams Western Outfitters, and an evening rodeo welcome each are:
Ella Bailey
Anne Eastwood
Our other winners receiving TWO Rodeo Tickets each are:
Holly Ann Hales
Hannah Howden
Hunter Farnsworth
Alyssa Heap
Hailey Jenks |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11774 | Friday, June 22, 2007
America and Race 2007
Back a generation or so ago, Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. said ” I have a dream that my four little children will one day live in a nation where they will not be judged by the color of their skin, but by the content of their character.” Sadly, it appears that most of the nation is working hard to prevent that from becoming reality. And that includes the government which is charged with ending such discrimination.
Let’s start with the government. Try to do anything with the government, and you will find yourself filling out paperwork. And what always shows up early in that paperwork, as soon as people are involved? That’s right, a demand to know the demographics, including the race of the person(s) concerned. Besides the obvious problem with demanding to know the race of an applicant or participant in a program before deciding on whether to accept them, there is also the poor consideration that not everyone has just one race. My wife and I, for example, are different races, so there is no neat simple box to check for my daughter, and I am personally offended by demands that we identify her by her race. Sure, they can say that they will not use race in their judgments, but the only real way to make sure there is no racial bias is to not ask that question. It simply has no virtue, and no explanation justifies the practice. I certainly understand statistics, and so I know that the bureaucrats will claim the race information is necessary to define demographic parameters. The problem, of course, is the Observer Effect – people change their behavior when they know they are being observed, which means that asking someone’s race, especially when it happens with every government action, influences people to believe that the government makes decisions based in large part, perhaps solely, on race. We also see programs designed to advance one race, preferential treatment which has no justification except by claiming that one race should be treated differently than others. The practice is long-standing and widely accepted, yet is unconscionable on its face.
Society does this as well. Behavior which is unacceptable for one racial group and consequently penalized, may be tolerated and even promoted for another. A good example is language. In the United States, it is reasonable to expect someone to be able to speak English, or to ask for an interpreter. At the very least, someone who knows their command of English is not good, ought to have the good grace to recognize that fact and not become angry at an American for not speaking a foreign language. After all, if one were to go to France as a tourist, one should plan on speaking French or finding an interpreter. While there are many French merchants who speak English, it is a courtesy they extend if they do so, not something which should be expected. The same for traveling to any country; if you do not speak the language, expecting the host country to accommodate you is a bit boorish. Yet here in the United States, foreigners regularly demand that Americans address them in their native tongue, especially Spanish. Speaking bluntly, this is an unmentioned facet in the illegal immigration debate; the refusal of the new arrivals to even try to speak the language, choosing not to just retain their own culture but to superimpose it on the one already in place. And yet, if someone complains about Hispanics who refuse to speak English, they are likely to be called racist, and the people who are the actual offenders are given a pass.
Another societal example is vulgarity. Certain words are universally agreed to be so offensive, that no one can justify their use – unless you are the right race, of course. The notion that epithets should be tolerated if certain races use them is absurd on its face, and yet it is promoted as the civic standard in many towns. Entire sub-cultures have grown up with a confrontational attitude, hostile to all practices which defined courtesy for countless generations. Blatant exhibitions of violent. lewd, misogynist, or racist behavior are common in large portions of the under-30 population, that same demographic which refuses to assimilate to any demand for respect for others or civic ideals, then complains because the society they create is as vulgar and hostile as they are themselves. It’s as if the street gang persona has become pandemic, and the attitudes of race-based gangs permeates to the whole of the racial demographic at large.
Then there is the media. Look at what get promoted, in the NBA for example. In the NBA, the shoe deals and media attention are focused on the likes of Alan Iverson and Ron Artest, gang-wannabe thugs who diminish the game. The NFL recently had enough of the behavior of its worst offenders, yet the media questions whether Adam “Pacman” Jones is being treated fairly; after all, he’s only up for felony indictments for an incident where someone got shot. I mean, Rae Carruth murdered his girlfriend and the NFL did not even fine him for that, so I can sort of see why the media got the idea that criminal behavior was a good thing for role models. And yes, it has to be said that there is a racial component in this; it’s not white athletes who are generally getting gun-crazy and toting drugs in their car, like Dexter Devon Reid, although the Colts show no interest in penalizing Reid for his behavior. It’s just the fashion you see, and it’s almost become expected for black athletes to have drugs and guns with them, so apparently that makes it something to excuse. Millions of kids see and hear this behavior, and what lessons do you think they learn, especially when they comprehend that you are not accountable if your skin is a certain color?
The root of the problem is hostility. Speaking bluntly, there is a vacuum of leadership where it is needed most. I quoted MLK Jr. early in this piece, but the plain fact is that no legitimate black leader of a stature anything like King’s has been seen since his death. Not that there are not qualified black role models, but the people who succeed on their own merits and refuse to play the victim, are attacked as somehow traitors to their own race. Dr. Bill Cosby, Dr. Condoleezza Rice, J.C. Watts, Justice Clarence Thomas, and many other brilliant blacks have been marginalized for not being radical and socialist, which perpetuates the vacuum, as those individuals deemed ‘worthy’ invariably prove quite the opposite, as the careers of Reverends Al Sharpton and Jesse Jackson so sadly prove. Racism is quite alive and as venomous as ever. We see it when a Congressman is found with enough money to buy a luxury car stuffed in his freezer, but he keeps his job and privileges because of his race, while another Congressman is hounded out of office on charges which are dubious at best and based on a personal vendetta by a political enemy who hates Conservatives. We see it when a District Attorney willfully hides evidence, because he wants to pursue what he knows to be false charges, solely because the men charged are a certain race and culture, and the plaintiff a different and certain race and culture. We see it when we are told that only one race can possibly act in a ‘racist’ manner, and that another race is ‘entitled’ to lifelong, indeed multi-generational compensation and preferential treatment, solely on unproven accusations. We see it when people here illegally are able to march in public for “rights” they know full well they have no valid claim to, yet they know they will be untouched by the law, simply because they are a certain race. We see it when people who uphold the law are punished for it, because of their race and the race of the people they apprehend. We see it when one minority is refused its due consideration by other minority races, solely because that race practices assimilation and refuses direct confrontation with the majority culture.
And it is this same racism which keeps its own promoters down. Those who teach hostility and confrontation to their children, who urge a wholesale refusal of proven societal values in deference to behavior which even they recognize is futile and self-destructive. Sexual promiscuity destroys families, spreads disease, and leads to unplanned pregnancies and personal dismay, yet certain races promote the “right” to such behavior. Drug use leads to financial loss, penalties from the law and dismissal from employment, poor mental and physical condition and performance, yet certain races excuse or even glorify recreational drug use. Dishonest and confrontational behavior damages existing relationships and prevents development of healthy associations, leads to conflict with law enforcement, employers, and family, and can escalate to fatal consequences, yet again certain races excuse deliberately offensive behavior, even to the point of violence, as a social condition which cannot and should not be redirected to more positive choices. In short, many members of minorities are encouraged to pursue behavior which inevitably leads to loss and unhappiness in the long term, yet when that result occurs, the minority will blame the very culture it rejected, for its own self-created trouble.
Fortunately, the modern day seems to have more individual participation than in earlier years. More and more people refuse to accept the social pressure applied by special interest groups and political manipulators. Just as more people marry outside their race and raise mixed-race children, so too do more people work to escape the cycle of defeat imposed by con artists who profit by the game. The lesson is that neither government nor racial activism programs will help resolve the condition faced by individuals, but only the individuals themselves must choose to think, speak, and act according to their own character and ideals. And when they do so, such individuals generally find that other people share that same character and those same ideals, regardless of cultural heritage or superficial appearance. In my neighborhood, four races share a community with similar values. We all work hard and focus on raising our families, we all love our kids and want to build for the future. We all cooperate in common endeavors and we all ignore the sort of people whose only motives are based on hate and suspicion.
Thursday, June 21, 2007
MBA Update
Well, mid-terms are nine and ten days away, so naturally it’s time for me to catch up on some blogging. Seriously, it’s struck me that an update on my school work might serve a purpose.
I’m taking three courses this summer, and here’s how I am doing so far. Each course assigns a total of 1000 points, and so to get an A I need 900 points or better. Here’s the position for each class so far:
Strategic Cost Management
Grades so far:
Reading 1 – 20 out of 20 (100%)
Case Study 1 – 70 out of 75 (93%)
Reading 2 – 18 out of 20 (90%)
Reading 3 – 20 out of 20 (100%)
sub-total: 128 out of 135 (94.8%) Ceiling is 99.3%
Grade pending:
Group Case 1 – worth 75 points
After this grade, 21% of the grades will have been awarded.
Coming up:
Reading 4 – worth 20 points
Group Case 2 – worth 75 points
Mid-Term Exam – worth 300 points
After June, 60.5% of the grades will have been awarded.
Management & Organizational Behavior
Grades so far:
Assignment 1 – 15 out of 15 (100%)
Assignment 2 – 65 out of 65 (100%)
Research Paper Outline – 20 out of 20 (100%)
Quiz 1 – 7 out of 10 (10%)
sub-total: 107 out of 110 (97.3%) Ceiling is 99.7%
Grade pending:
Quiz 2 – worth 10 points
Quiz 3 – worth 10 points
After this grade, 13% of the grades will have been awarded
Coming up:
Quiz 4 – worth 10 points
Quiz 5 – worth 10 points
Mid-Term Exam – worth 150 points
After June, 30% of the grades will have been awarded
Business Statistics and Strategic Cost Management
Grades so far:
Homework DB 1 – 25 out of 25 (100%)
Homework DB 2 – 25 out of 25 (100%)
Case Study 1 – 100 out of 100 (100%)
sub-total: 150 out of 150 (100.0%) Ceiling is 100.0%
Grade pending:
Homework DB 3 – worth 25 points
After this grade, 17.5% of the grades will have been awarded
Coming up:
Homework DB 4 – worth 25 points
Case Study 2 – worth 100 points
Mid-Term Exam – worth 250 points
After June, 55% of the grades will have been awarded
So, at this time it should be obvious that early points do not count all that heavily, yet are important to collect if you want good chances to get an A. The Mid-Terms, no surprise, count heavily, and the pace of work will increase as I move into the final month of the semester. I also need to register for the Fall Semester when registration opens in the last week of June.
“Presidential” Crisis Management
Those who have been to my personal site will have observed that I paused my 'Major League Presidents' competition after 41 contests. Basically, that's because I have a ton of work to do, including my summer classes. But I am also not entirely satisfied with my numbers, and I am considering revisiting them. For this article, I would like to explain what I was trying to do, and to ask for your input on the essential elements.
It's a popular game to rank Presidents, and a lot of publications, schools, websites, and media like to do so. Of course, what happens is usually predictable when you know the leaning of the authors/producers, and so the rankings lose a bit of their usefulness. I have come to the conclusion that part of this comes from two mistakes. First, these polls basically just assign some nominal value to each candidate, total them up and sort them out by their total score. This misses the fact that each President lives and serves in a different set of circumstances, and some Presidents were dealt an easier hand than others. Further, it seems that any President who served prior to 1840 is given an aura of superiority, without much consideration of the fact that everyone has their good and bad points, Presidents included. I don't agree with the notion that a President should be considered better or worse than other Presidents on every point of comparison. Every man who served as President had certain abilities and skills which made them desirable as President in the first place, including those men who became President through the death or resignation of their predecessor. To gain perspective from studying Presidents, we need to watch out for the blunder of making President's one-dimensional.
Some may ask why measure Presidents at all? The present field of candidates demonstrates why, I think. Is Barack Obama or Fred Thompson, with so little experience in office, really a good fit for the office? On the other, how should we weigh the long and often controversial records of people like John McCain or Hillary Clinton? Seeing how real-life Presidents handled their duties could be quite useful in marking desirable traits and warning signs in the candidates, and based on something better than emotion alone.
To sort out any comparison between Presidents, I developed a system which created a series of contests in various times and conditions, where in one case a certain President might prove superior but not necessarily in another set of conditions. Without going into even more annoying specifics, I began by trying to consider what qualities are desirable in a President. To do so, I tried to avoid the subjective - and therefore hopelessly volatile - measures which are so often presented, such as "honesty" and "courage", because such descriptions will vary according to the flavor and mood of the respondent pool. Rather, I suggest that we examine the crises in American History, and how different Presidents dealt with them. So, for this article, I would like you to suggest some crisis in American History, and critique the responses of those Presidents who addressed them. In order to avoid the more emotional responses, I should like to ask that we limit the field to crises no later than 1987.
Thanks. This article is being cross-posted at both Wizbang! and Stolen Thunder.
Monday, June 18, 2007
Women and Men and Societal Lies
I was listening to a popular FM radio station this morning on the way to my bus, and I heard a discussion between a male and female disk jockey about what sort of person each gender finds attractive. The female disk jockey opined, as is common, that men judge women primarily by their physical appearance, while women are more likely to look below the surface. The male disk jockey countered that by noting that women are quick to overlook character flaws in a handsome male, such as Brad Pitt or Russell Crowe. A quick consideration brought me to the guy’s side; a glance at magazine covers, top-name stars and calendar models reveals that women are every bit as attracted to physical beauty as men, but they are apparently more willing to lie about their motive. After all, there’s a reason why firefighter calendars sell out in days, but there is no demand for calendars with accountants known for their integrity. Women first judge men by their appearance just as often as men do women. The difference in actual lewd conduct seems to be far more due to environmental opportunity and peer pressure, than to a superior ethical position for one gender.
Society lies. The male/female stereotypes are one example, but there are many other places where a little contemplation shows the conventional opinion to be far from accurate. Rising gas prices must be the result of corporate greed rather than poor planning by governments, for example, or that the party which historically supported Slavery and resisted Civil Rights legislation, is yet the party which best defends minorities and looks out for their rights. Or the claim that talk radio, which allows direct feedback from listeners, is unfair and biased, while network television, which not only does not allow for counterviews to its positions, but has also been caught in several deliberate frauds in recent years, is still somehow more professional and responsible. Or the notion that only one race can act in a racist manner. Or the claim that the nation which frees a country from a despot, is worse than that dictatorship for protecting itself.
Sunday, June 17, 2007
Some Thoughts on the Republican Field
I was watching “Meet the Press” this morning, and it was nothing surprising. This morning, they were discussing the 2008 Presidential elections, and divided the discussion, reasonably enough, into the Republican and Democrat fields. They only discussed the major candidates, so I am afraid there was no mention of Ron Paul, Dennis Kucinich, or Albus Dumbledore. Where the discussion left balance and approach MSM norms, was the way the press panel discussed Republicans as a whole, and how they discussed Democrats as a whole. That is, the press panel focused on negatives, or potential negatives, for the Republican candidates, and considered only relative positives for the Democrats. In the end, though, that sort of thing tends to work for the Republicans, since the eventual GOP nominee will have to address weak areas early on, while the Democrat will not expect it until after the party convention, at which time – unable to address the most difficult questions – the Democrat nominee may be expected to declare that it is a ‘smear’ to challenge his/her/its claims.
As a result, nothing significant was said about the Democrats; the press still prefers them, and won’t say a word against any of them. The fun came before that, when the press was playing, once again, ’Why No Republican Is Any Good’. Going down the list, the panel played true to their favorite routines;
Fred Thompson won’t last, because he’s just an actor;
Rudy Giuliani is a goner, as soon as Republicans find out what he really stands for;
Mitt Romney is not trusted by Republicans, who are suspicious of his Mormon faith and his position flips;
John McCain is “desperate”, and will do or say anything to stay in the race.
I was almost hysterical with laughter when they finished that review. I mean really, I don’t care much for McCain, but to call him “desperate” two seasons before the first primary even happens? Also, it’s a bit of projection, I think, for the left-leaning press to worry about a Mormon running for President – no Republican I have talked to, considers it a deal-killer for someone to be a Mormon and ask for his vote. As for Giuliani, he’s been very honest about what he believes and how he would govern, so the notion that he’s pretending to be something he is not is rather far-fetched. Were that so, Rudy could have played himself as a strong pro-lifer for the support, but he did not do that.
And then there’s Fred. One thing I love about the present situation, is that the Left, well beyond a doubt, is afraid of Fred Thompson. Very afraid. Enough afraid of him, that even folks who don’t know much about him are interested in finding out what has frightened the media mob so much. We have learned over the years, that the press always hates leaders who are really good for America, so it’s an early endorsement, albeit unintentional, for Thompson that the press is determined to sack him if they can.
Don’t misunderstand me, that I would accept a candidate without giving him/her a good hard look. But neither do I rule someone out just because someone else says nasty things about them. To tell the truth, I even considered the candidacy of Barack Obama early on, but his demonstrated positions on the issues has proven he would not be a good candidate for President, especially on the most critical issues of National Security, reforming Social Security and the Income Tax, on Immigration Reform and Border Security, and on America’s position and responsibility in the world. As for Hillary, she was kind enough to make her positions clear in the past four years, and thereby removed herself from serious consideration before 2006.
For the Republican candidates, I would say that while I have preferences, I am open to just about any of them, so long as they are properly focused on, as I said, those critical issues. And since we are still months away from the primary season, it is fine for a candidate to speak in general terms, if he or she prefers to establish his identity and character with the GOP voters. I do intend to find out where Fred Thompson stands on the key issues, but for now I like him because he seems to grasp the priorities better than anyone else. Running for President is not the same as applying to be a company’s go-fer. Even though the party has done a very poor job of it in recent years, when the President is elected he will lead the party and the party has the duty to pursue the course set by the President. As a result, it is essential not only to know where a potential President stands on the issues, but for the party to get a gut feel for who they would most be willing to trust with the helm. The candidate’s temper, stability, judgment, humor, intelligence, faith, courage … all these things matter more in the early going. To put it simply, Howard Dean’s obvious character flaws blew him off the map in 2004, a lesson both parties should consider before plunging too fast into the 2008 primaries. John McCain lost me not when he sponsored McCain-Feingold, but when he lied about what he had done, and about his opponents. But I could be content with a Romney, a Giuliani, or a Fred Thompson in the Oval Office, provided their answers remain consistent and direct as we move on in the primaries. What the press continually fails to grasp, is the need for a good person, not a clever media-savvy one, to serve as President. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11782 | Tuesday, July 27, 2010
FBOFW update
Despite my previous concerns, it seems the latest For Better or for Worse omnibus collection will be reprinting the new-ruins that's been showing up alongside the earlier strips.
This is slightly distressing for me, because although it seems to gather the majority of the legendary Newspaper strip, it also lumps together Lynn's creative output when she was just starting out with her creative downfall at the end of the strip's declining years. I'm frankly amazed that there are people out there who simply can't tell the difference between a strip 30 years ago, and Lynn aping her style back then, 30 years later. There's all kinds of visual clues that are missing, such as the stiffness of her characters, multiple panels, and the extensive use of words.
Not to mention there were Sunday comics that were obvious retreads of earlier jokes, only horribly misunderstood. Can you understand what's happening in this strip??
It took a lot of people multiple re-reads to understand what was going on, and even with help, it still didn't make much sense. For the uninitiated, Elly was trying to teach Farley (still a puppy) not to scratch the door by squirting a watergun in his face. Then, when she passed the job over to Michael, he heard John's scratching the door, and hit him in his midsections.
There are several reasons this doesn't work:
1. How did Elly open and close the door & squirt Farley without the dog running in the instant the door opened a crack?
2. How did Michael open the door if Elly was "Palov training" Farley in the first place?
3. If John was scratching the door, why is he further away than he should be?
4. Why would Michael squirt at his father without further prompting?
More expressions of incomprehension from forworse is better expressed:
I had to spend far too long reading this strip to understand what was going on. Farley scratches the door and gets sprayed. Then we see Mike opening the door, so I assumed that Mike had been spraying him with a water pistol. Elly rushes over to the door, so obviously she hadn't been nearby, reinforcing the suggestion that Mike was at fault, as does the following panel where she seems to be lecturing Mike ("!!!"). Then she handed him the water pistol and book and lost me completely and I had to start the strip again. Who had been squirting Farley in the first place? Mike was near the door, Elly came running...was there a lengthy lapse of time between the second time Farley was squirted and when he scratched the door and Mike answered? Why does John scratch at the door? Is it because he still doesn't have his keys back from the car wash? Why can't he use the doorbell? Why did Mike open the door and squirt John? Wouldn't he have recognized his father when he opened the door? Did Elly (or whoever) open the door to squirt Farley or just squirt through the letter box? Surely a dog would have been quick enough to get past her and into the house if she opened the door. Why has Mike back-combed his hair so much in panel 8? Why? Why? Why?
Aprilp_Katje put another reason why the comic didn't work:
You know what else bugs me about today's strip? Lynn is lifting this whole motif from when Edgar was a young dog. He kept scratching to be let in, and Elly et al. were trying to teach him to bark to be let in. In fact, they put Farley out with him, hoping that he'd teach Edgar to bark (but Farley promptly fell asleep). John ended up putting carpets on the doors to protect them from the scratching. Then Edgar figured out how to use the doorbell, and John installed one on the inside, so that Edgar could use it to let them know when he wants to be let out. Shortly after that, he figured out how to bark to ask to be let in and out. Lynn can't even keep straight which dogs have which quirks.
The biggest reason for failure is that it was based on a better strip that Lynn had obviously forgotten:
As HowtheDuck put it, the collection seems to be a way to even out the amount of work she'd done, from a 28 1/2 year output to an even 30 year number. In other words, the latest strips were not to "fill in the creative blanks" as Lynn put it, but rather to "fill in the years". Instead of answering any questions, we got abortive storylines such as Deanna's sudden disappearance and reappearance, and Lawrence's insistence of using a particular bathroom (a shout-out to Christopher only wanting to use his own potty).
Thankfully, she seems to no longer be doing new comic strips, and will only be doing the covers for the book collections from now on. The newer strips were becoming such a visual cancer on my eyes they were literally painful for me to read. It was a testament to how far Lynn Johnson had fallen, and should've quit 10 years ago when she still had something to look back on.
1. There's another issue I have with the revolting abomination: it makes the characters even more annoying and stupid than they were in the real past. In the original version of history, Connie's behavior had a simpler explanation: she acted the odd way that she did because she was still feeling punchy after her high-school sweetheart Pete Landry went out for smokes one night and never came back leaving her as a single mother to their biracial son. The new-runs use the new continuity with the Brazilian doctor so as to set up the Settlepocalypse. Also, her need to extend Connie's doomed relationship with Phil made her trip to Montreal all the more ridiculous; instead of a woman who thought her one-night stand was an invitation to visit him immediately, she came across as a stalker with a crush.
2. Thanks for the shout-out.
I agree with all you've said. I struggle to think of any reason to buy the treasury edition: I feel that my collection is complete as it is; in fact, it is better off for not having the hybrid years and new-ruins. Most long-time fans will already have the earliest collections and those who don't can buy all three second hand for less than the cost of the treasury. In fact, the only reason I could think of someone wanting to buy this collection is because they prefer to read it in hard copy rather than browsing the on-line archives, which is fair enough.
I do hope the publishers and Lynn do not dream that this treasury will attract new fans, who will then buy future treasuries or the old collection books. It took some time for the Pattersons to become likeable enough for me to start looking forward to reading their story each day. Reading the first three collection books in order is an education in characterization, plotting and art, as Lynn moved from the gag-a-day negative strips to something warmer and more recognizable as a late 1970s / early 1980s family. To add Lynn's recent output to this disrupts the story and would make a new reader question how FBOFW managed to become popular and run for as long as it did. I wouldn't be surprised if a first-time reader gave up partway through the treasury.
I have to admit that I am curious about one thing: how does the treasury handle Farley's new-ruin re-appearance a year before his original birth in the second collection? I would have thought that Lynn's determination to get Farley back into the strip as soon as possible meant that the new-ruins would start with strips from the second year of the strip, but she went back into year one and then brought Farley back into the story a year earlier. If the first three collections are reprinted here in their entirety and Lynn's latest work is added in the places where it ran since September 2008, the Pattersons will wind up with two Farleys.
3. I find that the most annoying thing about the "new-runs" is that the characters are often drawn in an ugly style with long flat heads.
4. What I find really irritating about the failed experiment is that it's one long exercise in hypocritical humor; her every attempt to make John look like an Evil, Conflict Causing Man backfires by making him look like a regular dumb guy from the sticks trying to settle down a loon who doesn't know what she wants to be when she grows up.
When Lynn started out doing the new-runs, she specifically mentioned the Deanna story as one she wanted to tell because Deanna had disappeared without explanation in the original run of the strip. Aside from getting the timeline completely wrong for Deanna to leave (kindergarten and not 4th grade), the funniest part was that Lynn still failed to give the correct explanation. Long time fans figured out that Deanna moved because her father bought a hardware store in a different town, since that is his profession when he appears for the first time in the late 1990s. There was no mention of this in the stories Lynn did.
I believe Lynn’s motivations for doing the new-runs was monetary and in order to ease her workload so she could take more vacations. It had nothing to do with wanting to fill in the creative blanks. Reprints gave her the vacation time. New material was to keep her newspapers and to be able to charge the price for new material. She initially tried the hybrid in 1997-98 which went back and forth between reprints and modern strips. Her fans did notice the difference between the modern Pattersons and the reprints and complained. The solution to this was the new-runs in 1998. She would get vacation time and the same money for doing new material. Not only that but Lynn counted on her fans being stupid to recognize the artistic differences between the new runs and the reprints. Amazingly enough she was right. Many fans wrote comments saying they thought the strip had gone to straight reprints with no new material. The funny part was that so did many newspaper editors, who dropped the strip. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11784 | Outlook 2002/2003 Setup
Back to Email Client Setups
Open Outlook 2002/2003, at the top select the Tools menu, then select the E-mail Accounts option.
Select the option to "Add a new e-mail account" and click the Next button.
Select "POP3" as the mail server type.
Next fill out the correct information.
• Your Name
• Your email address ([email protected])
• Your login information (email address and password)
• Incoming POP3 mail server (mail.yourdomain.com)
• Outgoing SMTP mail server (mail.yourdomain.com)
Once this is filled out click the "More Settings" button.
A new window will open with additional settings.
Click on the Outgoing Server Tab
Checkmark the box that says "My Outgoing server (SMTP) requires authentication".
Leave the default settings to Use the same settings as my incoming mail server
Click the Advanced tab
For the Outgoing mail (SMTP) change the port number from 25 to 587
Click OK
Click Next
Click the Finish button and you will have completed the setup. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11785 | Support Issues: Area Code Change
Internet Security
Other Info:
PlayStation is the online gaming component of Sony Computer Entertainment. The PS3™ system has built-in Wi-Fi and huge amounts of storage for games, add-ons, music, videos and photos. Its built-in Blu-ray player shows HD movies at 1080p so you get pristine picture quality. It's got Netflix for streaming movies and your own PlayStation®Store where you can download hundreds of games, free demos, and stream thousands of TV shows and movies. For more information from Sony's official PlayStation site, GO HERE.
PlayStation Connectivity
These directions are meant as guidelines only, NETDOOR cannot provide technical support for these issues at this time. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11795 | Marketers identify consumer and business-to-business segments in many ways. Over the years, Google has continued to improve their link algorithms, including Penguin, and they continued to use manual penalties to crack down on link schemes as well. First, stop assuming SEO is dead because the rules changed. The main heading of your page tells visitors, including search engines, what the page is about. Heading tags let us mark up what is a heading or sub-heading on the page, and we can use the h1 tag to show the primary header. Most CMSs do this automatically.
Unlocking the mystery of web portals
The best way to know what you're up against is to simply search it. Does your keyword research still boil down to digging AdWords Keyword Planner for niche keywords, search volume and competition? If you are creative, you might go for a nonsensical domain name. That takes time.
Focus on getting your targeted keyword in the headline early on
An evoked set might be reviewed during both the information search and evaluation stages of the buying decision-making process. Currently, the bandwidth for handling internet traffic varies considerably. The underlying content is extremely important. Too many people skimp on content, but it's one of the major anchors that tether you to Google's relevancy algorithms. Permission marketing programs hold the potential to build strong, ongoing relationships with customers when they offer something of value.
Improve engagement by utilising link building
If you want to promote your website by purchasing sponsored links, always use the rel nofollow attribute. There's no other way. If Google finds that you've paid webmasters to build backlinks, you will end up with a hard to remove penalty. Several types of content are considered evergreen. To prevent users from linking to one version of a URL and others linking to a different version (this could split the reputation of that content between the URLs), focus on using and referring to one URL in the structure and internal linking of your pages. If you do find that people are accessing the same content through multiple URLs, setting up a 301 redirect from non-preferred URLs to the dominant URL is a good solution for this. Gaz Hall, from SEO Hull, had the following to say: "Take a look at your top ranking and most shared content. Is there overlap? If you've found a type of content that is simultaneously strong in search and frequently shared, it's worth optimizing that content even further."
You may think you know what your audience wants to read
There's no getting around it. Keyword research is a vitally important aspect of your search engine optimization campaign. As you may well know, Google has altered and changed its algorithm majorly in the last few years, introducing update after update to help the cream rise to the top. In turn, this means that SEOs and marketers have had to greatly alter their approach to SEO. Fast forward a few years and Mobilegeddon hit the internet. Put simply, copywriting is writing to persuade, convert, and sell. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11797 | Dealing with Collections in Rails Views
Wednesday, February 14, 2007 by Nate Murray.
Often, we want to render collections of things in Rails views. In this example the end goal is to output a list of Category names with urls. This is often referred to as "breadcrumbs"
Example 1
For our breadcrumbs the first thing one might think to do is create a helper to perform this function.
For those of you who are new to Rails, helpers are often designed to return a string and this string is added to the output.
Below is our first attempt at a helper for this problem. This code returns a string with our anchor tags separated by an image.
== helpers/sites_helper.rb
def make_breadcrumbs(breadcrumbs)
crumbs = []
spacer = "<img src='/images/separator.gif' width=5 height=5
breadcrumbs.each do |crumb|
crumbs << "<a href='#{url_for_category(crumb)}'>
return crumbs.join(spacer)
We can call this helper easily from our view:
== views/sites/_breadcrumbs.rhtml
<%= make_breadcrumbs(@breadcrumbs) %>
This works just fine, but there are a couple consequences:
• its very specific to our problem.
• All the HTML is in the code instead of in our views.
Example 2
"But wait a minute," you ask, "Doesn't Rails come with built-in collection-rendering methods?" You're right! In fact we can use Rails render method to achieve the same effect.
== views/sites/_breadcrumbs.rhtml
<%= render :partial => "sites/breadcrumb",
:collection => @breadcrumbs,
:spacer_template => 'sites/breadcrumb_spacer' %>
In our view we call the render method and we pace the options :collection and :spacer_template. This renders the partial sites/breadcrumb and creates the local variable breadcrumb with each element of @breadcrumbs.
The two templates are below:
== views/sites/_breadcrumb.rhtml
<a href='<%= url_for_category(breadcrumb)%>'><></a>
== views/sites/_breadcrumb_spacer.rhtml
<img src='/images/separator.gif' width=5 height=5 border=0>
A benefit of this is that all of our HTML is in our views.However, a consequence that we have to create two new partials that contain only one line each.
What we would really want is a way to keep all of our html in our view while not having to create any extra templates.
Example 3
Here is an example of the syntax we want:
== views/sites/_breadcrumbs.rhtml
<% spacer = capture do %>
<img src="/images/separator.gif" width=5 height=5 border=0>
<% end %>
<% with_collection @breadcrumbs, :spacer_template => spacer do |crumb| %>
<a href='<%= url_for_category(crumb) %>'><%= %></a>
<% end %>
The Rails helper capture takes the block and puts it in the variable spacer.
Then we put this in helpers/sites_helper.rb
== helpers/sites_helper.rb
def with_collection(collection, opts={}, &proc)
collection.each_with_index do |element, i|
yield element
if spacer = opts[:spacer_template]
concat(spacer, proc.binding) unless i == collection.size - 1
This helper takes the collection and yields each element. As each element is yielded the block in the view is added to the output. The trick is that we add the spacer to the output by using the concat method. The concat method outputs the string to the view from the helper. This is how we can output something to the template without using <%= (This is also what the helpers such as form_for use).
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The Pasadena Ruby Brigade is a group of programmers who are interested in Ruby. We enjoy sharing our ideas and code with anyone who is interested in this wonderful programming language.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11809 | March 15, 2018 12:30 pm
In the bible, it is narrated what was the creation of the world, the beginning of humanity, all the origin of what we know today according to the book of Genesis. In this sacred text we are told how a man was created in the image and likeness of God and that after realizing that he was alone, God decides to create a company, drawing from his rib to create a woman named Eve.
But this story has a part that has not been told in the bible, or rather has been censored for some reason – hidden until now. And that is that the first woman of Adam was not Eve, but Lilith, who first existed in the world and therefore the first wife of Adam.
Who was Lilith? The first woman of Adam
Lilith was the first woman to exist in the world, created by God in the genesis of the world at the same time as Adam, but this was rejected and banished by God himself at the request of Adam because she was more intelligent, stronger and because she did not obey his commands. In the bible this important character was removed to understand the origin of the humanity, because what Lilith represented was against the traditional idea of the church in which the woman must be submissive to the man and to obey him, thus putting her in a lower position.
Irrefutable proof that Lilith did exist
But in the traditional Bible, despite having undergone several religious filters that make it lose important pieces or sections, a part is left in which it is evident that at the beginning of all God decides to create not only man but also the woman at the same time and not later as it is later assured in a contradictory way, let us see the original text:
Genesis 1:27 King James Version (NKJV)
As we see in that verse of the traditional Bible, there it is related that at the moment when God created man, he created the male and also the female and also the phrase “created them “, reaffirms that, clearly indicating that the woman also was created at the same instant with the man. This would be the clearest proof of the existence of Lilith embodied in the Bible itself.
So Lilith was a being created on equal terms with Adam, of course, had her female reproductive organs that today women have but in general terms, they were two equal human beings, with the same faculties, strength, and character, created from the same dust but none above the other.
The conflict between Lilith and Adam
According to the apocryphal texts that have been censored by the Catholic Church, Lilith was a woman with a very firm character and an intelligence that sometimes seemed to be superior to Adam, on the other hand, Adam was very dominant in character and a lot of carnal appetites. In moments of intimacy, Lilith demanded that not only Adam be on her but she could also be on him in the act before which Adam flatly refused. This generated a conflict between the two that ended with the separation of Lilith from Adam and then be banished by God at the request of Adan. Here is how the apocryphal book of Genesis narrates it:
Why should I lie beneath you? He asked: I was also made with dust, and therefore I am your equal … As Adan tried to force her to obey, Lilith, angry, pronounced the name of God and left.
But obviously, the question that arises is: Where did Lilith go? if they were supposed to be the only two human beings created by God up to that time. The answer is told in these ancient books, she ran nothing more and nothing less than the arms of a devil, let us follow the story.
Lilith and Samael the damn generation
In the garden of Eden lived all the creatures of God and among them were also those who today we know as demons, beings who by that time fulfilled specific functions and were not allowed to contact with other creatures. Lilith when she leaves Adam goes to Samael who was one of these demons and gives birth to his offspring.
Then God, seeing that Lilith had revealed himself and pronounced his name which was forbidden, decides to curse her with all the generation that had procreated with Samael. The apocryphal texts say the following:
She liked the man’s reproductive liquid very much, and she always walks to the point of seeing where she has fallen. All the liquid of man that does not end in the matrix of the wife is hers: all the seminal liquid that man finds wasted throughout his life, whether by adultery, by vice or in sleep.
Lilith was then turned into a demon who is in the grip of the forbidden carnal experiences to seize their results. So God cursed Lilith and thus cursed all her offspring.
After Lilith God created Eve
After Lilith was cursed, it is when God realizes that Adam was alone and that was not good, then decides to create a companion, but this time to make sure that she was submissive and complacent with him, he decides to make her of Adam’s own rib. It is then that Eve is created the second wife of Adam and who appears in the biblical stories as the person responsible for committing the sin of the forbidden fruit. With Eve, Adam lived without problems and in all comfort until they are expelled from paradise and the whole ordeal that we already know of humanity in permanent sin begins.
Finally, we can say that what troubled the old hierarchs of the church about Lilith was their relationship with seduction, pleasure and full equality. And throughout the history of all established religions, there is no equality between male and female religious figures.
So apparently at some point in the story, Lilith’s accounts were censored from the bible for considering that it gave her many ideas of empowerment to the woman, then the actual history of her being unknown, women could end up being subjected by man as it has been throughout history.
Therefore, Lilith is not a myth, Lilith was the first woman to exist and proved to be a better prepared, more intelligent, more rebellious and better character than the man, so she was censured and punished. Share this on your social networks.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11831 | • Physics Universe‐General Scientific laws‐Scientific instruments‐Inventions and discoveries‐National scientific laboratories‐Science glossary‐Mechanics and properties of matter‐Physical quantities, standards and units‐ Electricity and Magnetism, ‐Heat, light and sound‐Atomic and nuclear physics
• Social Work – Definition and Meaning, Basic Concepts – Social Service, Social Development, Social Change, Social Welfare and Social Security; Historical background of Social Work in India, Contributions of Mahatma Gandhi to Constructive Social Work, Social Reform Movements, Social Work Profession – Definition and Meaning; Philosophy - Values, Beliefs and Principals, Goals and Functions. Methods of Social Work- Case Work, Group Work, Community Organisation and Social Action, Social Work Research and Statistics, Social Work Administration.
• Introduction to tourism- Meaning and Scope, Concept ,Components, and types of Tourism – Emerging trends- Evolution of Tourism in India- Ministry of TourismGovernment of India - Department of Tourism – Government of Tamil Nadu.
• Seafloor spreading – Plate tectonics - Volcanoes and earthquakes - Effects and causes – Seismic zonation of India. Landforms - their types and developments - Classification |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11850 | Thursday, September 1, 2016
October Daye ReRead + Giveaway: Ashes of Honor by Seanan McGuire
Ashes of Honor
October Daye #6
So, why did I pick ASHES OF HONOR as my tour stop reread? ** SPOILER ** It's the book that Toby and Tybalt FINALLY stop dancing around each other and their feelings. It was torture waiting for it to happen, but then it did and all was right in the world.
“He sounded so tired and so earnest. I worried my lips between my teeth before asking, "Does this have anything to do with what you told me before?"
Tybalt blinked. Then he snorted a brief laugh, and asked, "October, in the years since your return ... has anything not been in some way related to what I told you before? You handed me a hope chest in a dark alley. You took my heart as collateral, and you've never returned it.”
Seanan McGuire, Ashes of Honor
What did you love most about ASHES OF HONOR?
Seanan McGuire is a California-based author with a strong penchant for travel and can regularly be found just about any place capable of supporting human life (as well as a few places that probably aren't). Seanan was the winner of the 2010 John W. Campbell Award for Best New Writer; Rosemary and Rue, was named one of the Top 20 Paranormal Fantasy Novels of the Past Decade; and her novel Feed, written under the name Mira Grant, was named as one of Publishers Weekly's Best Books of 2010. She also won a Hugo for her podcast, and is the first person to be nominated for five Hugo Awards in a single year.
Find Seanan and her books
Don't forget to grab a copy of the newest October Daye Novel!
Once Broken Faith
October Daye #10
Because there are worse fates than sleeping for a hundred years.
US/Canada Only
a Rafflecopter giveaway
Tour Wide
a Rafflecopter giveaway |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11857 | 25 September 2019
Where Is The Control Panel In Windows 10
When you upgrade to Windows 10 from Windows 7, you'll notice that the Control Panel was missing. At the same time you'll notice a new Windows Settings (a gear icon) in the Start Menu. Microsoft was hide the Control Panel in Windows 10 (I'm not sure about Windows 8), maybe for some acceptable reasons.
Most of the settings you can get through Windows Settings itself in Windows 10, such as setting up your internet connection, etc. However the Windows Settings in Win10 does not contains all the settings that you might looking for.
This is the reason you may need to access the Control Panel instead. The Windows 10's Control Panel is different than Windows Settings, some task you need the Control Panel to access it, such as when you would like to change your Administrator's account name of your PC.
So here is video tutorial to show you where is the Control Panel in Windows 10. You can then create shortcut for easy access to the Control Panel later.
Where Is The Control Panel In Windows 10
Control Panel in Windows 10
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designer, illustrator, founder of vectorise.net |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11867 | FIR filter design with Julia
Matti Pastell
21th April 2016
This an example of a julia script that can be published using Weave. The script can be executed normally using Julia or published to HTML or pdf with Weave. Text is written in markdown in lines starting with "#' " and code is executed and results are included in the published document.
Notice that you don't need to define chunk options, but you can using #+. just before code e.g. #+ term=True, caption='Fancy plots.'. If you're viewing the published version have a look at the source to see the markup.
FIR Filter Design
We'll implement lowpass, highpass and ' bandpass FIR filters. If you want to read more about DSP I highly recommend The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing which is freely available online.
Calculating frequency response
DSP.jl package doesn't (yet) have a method to calculate the the frequency response of a FIR filter so we define it:
using Plots, DSP
function FIRfreqz(b::Array, w = range(0, stop=π, length=1024))
n = length(w)
h = Array{ComplexF32}(undef, n)
sw = 0
for i = 1:n
for j = 1:length(b)
sw += b[j]*exp(-im*w[i])^-j
h[i] = sw
sw = 0
return h
FIRfreqz (generic function with 2 methods)
Design Lowpass FIR filter
Designing a lowpass FIR filter is very simple to do with DSP.jl, all you need to do is to define the window length, cut off frequency and the window. We will define a lowpass filter with cut off frequency at 5Hz for a signal sampled at 20 Hz. We will use the Hamming window, which is defined as: $w(n) = \alpha - \beta\cos\frac{2\pi n}{N-1}$, where $\alpha=0.54$ and $\beta=0.46$
fs = 20
f = digitalfilter(Lowpass(5, fs = fs), FIRWindow(hamming(61)))
w = range(0, stop=pi, length=1024)
h = FIRfreqz(f, w)
1024-element Array{Complex{Float32},1}:
1.0f0 + 0.0f0im
0.99546844f0 + 0.095055714f0im
0.98191506f0 + 0.1892486f0im
0.95946306f0 + 0.28172377f0im
0.9283168f0 + 0.37164196f0im
0.8887594f0 + 0.45818728f0im
0.84115064f0 + 0.54057467f0im
0.7859234f0 + 0.618057f0im
0.72357976f0 + 0.6899319f0im
0.65468615f0 + 0.7555481f0im
0.00043952762f0 - 0.00041908873f0im
0.0005152718f0 - 0.00040521423f0im
0.0005873293f0 - 0.00037745363f0im
0.0006531789f0 - 0.0003367371f0im
0.0007105166f0 - 0.00028444792f0im
0.0007573364f0 - 0.00022237403f0im
0.0007920005f0 - 0.00015264557f0im
0.0008132961f0 - 7.766036f-5im
0.0008204784f0 - 3.1148685f-18im
Plot the frequency and impulse response
The next code chunk is executed in term mode, see the script for syntax.
julia> h_db = log10.(abs.(h));
julia> ws = w/pi*(fs/2)
plot(ws, h_db,
xlabel = "Frequency (Hz)", ylabel = "Magnitude (db)")
And again with default options
h_phase = unwrap(-atan.(imag.(h),real.(h)))
plot(ws, h_phase,
xlabel = "Frequency (Hz)", ylabel = "Phase (radians)") |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11873 | Monday, December 24, 2012
Last night I met Bill Murray again.
Last night I met Bill Murray again. It was the second time in the past few months. This time, we were at an outdoor wrap party.
I made my way over to him as he was walking down the city street which had been closed off and slipped my arm into his. He greeted another fellow next to him and turned to greet me, but paused a short moment. I couldn't tell if it was excitement or surprise in his voice when he said 'Well, hello to you!', but it meant all I needed to know.
'Do you remember me?' I hid my giddiness well.
'I do!' he confirmed.
I smiled wide. The last time we had met was during an awards show. I found myself seated in the same aisle, but several seats down. Whispering to each person in turn that I could not see for the large head in my way and asking politely if they would switch seats with me, being this was my first awards ceremony. Graciously and miraculously, they all obliged until I had found myself seated next to Bill Murray. We shared some jokes, some smiles, and we seemed to silently agree that the several hours we sat next to one another would have seemed like several more had I kept my original seat. After the ceremony, we were ushered out and I was too embarrassed to cling to him longer. I left him behind without sharing my name or why I was there.
We walked through the streets, arms entangled, greeting others and laughing. Then the music lowered. A man in a tuxedo stood on the balcony three or four floors up on a skyscraper in the center of the street. He greeted everyone, to which Mr. Murray had a rude reply. The crowd chortled in unison.
The man spoke in length, but the echo of his voice reverberated on the speakers so that his words were difficult to understand. Men on the ground level began shouting numbers up at him. I realized I was standing in the middle of an auction.
Bill turned to me and placed his hand on mine as he carefully slid his arm away. "Excuse me miss." He pointed at me and smiled. "Don't go anywhere."
I smiled politely and nodded as he took three large steps to another suited man and spoke softly in his ear. The man nodded with a look of concern, or was it anger. I could not tell. Bill moved on to shake hands with a very lovely lady behind him then and the next time I looked, the man he had whispered to was gone. I suddenly felt very insecure. That woman he was speaking with was much prettier than me and Bill was among people who understood and knew this event. The embarrassment which had overcome me at the rewards ceremony a few months back had returned and I looked around to find an escape.
An arm slipped in mine, startling me. I turned, and it was Bill with his most charming smile. He leaned in to whisper in my ear.
"I need to leave. Would you come with me? Or would you rather run off again?"
He was unhappy about my departure last time... I blushed and agreed to go with him. We walked a slightly quickened pace to the edge of the closed road and he helped me into a limousine. I began to try to explain what had happened the last time, how I got to be sitting next to him and why I had left the way I did, but my mind was betraying me. The thoughts kept jumping to the tuxedo on the balcony and the suit Bill had whispered to, and I had to keep pausing my story and restarting. He listened politely, or didn't listen at all. I was too embarrassed to meet his eyes and find out.
Before I was able to finish, we had arrived. He held out his hand for mine and I gave it to him with an empty feeling in my stomach and, what I could only imagine, a sad look in my eyes. He lead me down a half flight of stairs where he unlocked an orange-red door with one hand. It opened to a beautiful apartment. The decor was contemporary with grey and black designer rugs, an orange-red sofa, and orange-red lamps hanging low from the ceiling. Bill lead me towards a couch and began hurrying through his rooms. Unsure of what to do or say for fear of annoying him, I sat quietly on the edge of the couch and watched him.
I heard the turn of the lock then. "Bill?" I called out and his head emerged from the doorway to the room he was in. He cursed under his breath, hurriedly but gently grabbed my wrist, pulled me around the couch, and into the room. He shut and locked the door, turned, and in a moment I was in his arms. He held me against him, breathing as quietly as possible, and we listened to someone fumbling through the room outside. Then they came to the door which hid us. I looked up at Bill, his eyes shut in painful realization. The doorknob jiggled, a voice cursed, and a frustrated punch sounded on the door.
"Bill!" The voice was eerily familiar and a chill ran down my spine. 'What is he doing here?' I thought. In a moment of panic, I moved to break Bills grasp on me and get us out of there, but he kept me there. I turned my eyes back to his and showed him the most pleading, rushed look I could muster... but he only kissed me. It wasn't a lovers' kiss fraught with passion, but a loving kiss. The kind that says 'I need you here right now'. But it was broken when the door burst open. Bill hugged me tight, keeping his back towards the door, but I could see the man enter over his shoulder.
There he stood. Thick, black leather boots, cargo pants, wife beater, tactical vest, short hair, and an arm... an arm made of metal with a long spike on the end of it. The butterflies in my stomach, whirling from the sudden kiss, had dropped dead and piled as high as my throat. My eyes burned and I shut them. As long as I'm in these arms, I'm safe.
"Merle?" Bill said softly, "I don't have anything you want."
"Oh but you do!" His boots fell heavy on the floor as he circled around us. "You've had it all along." His last footfall came short as he reached our side. He had only just noticed me. 'As long as I'm in these arms, I'm safe.' "Who's your little girlfriend?"
Bill didn't answer him. I opened my eyes and turned just enough to see him standing there, leaning on his back foot, his elbow braced against his side with the rest of his metal arm raised, and a grin, that shit eating grin as if he had just caught an animal he had been hunting for days. 'As long as I'm in these arms, I'm safe.'
"Come on in fellas!" he called, "I've got him here... and he's got a surprise for us too."
Four, six, too many footsteps to count. The arms around me were wrenched away behind Bill's back. The same to mine. He looked at me with sadness, or anger, or defeat in his eyes, I couldn't tell. He said nothing. Merle continued to instruct the men to take him out. Bill kept his eyes on me till they walked him backwards out of the room and he disappeared around the doorway. Merle replaced my view then and spit sideways onto the floor. He leaned down a bit until his nose was mere inches from mine. He was blurry through my tears. "Hey there C". In an instant he stood, I could see the shadow of his metal arm raise on the floor and come back down. I heard a clang as it smashed into my head and all was blackness and silence.
I awoke laying on a cot. There were no sheets on it and I had been changed from my evening dress to a small grey T-shirt and sweatpants, but my underwear was the same. I was in a tent. Only the cot, a bucket, and a styrofoam chest was inside. Strangely, my head didn't hurt, but I rubbed where I had been struck. A patch of my hair was missing and I felt the bumpy stitches and scar tissue. I rubbed gently, counting each ridge. One, two, three, four, five, six, but the bumps melted into one another and it became impossible to count. I sat up and stood, hunched over for the height of the tent, and reached out to unzip the door. I paused, suddenly remembering who I was with, but heard nothing. Just wind, birds, bugs, and the crackling of a fire. I unzipped and stepped out into the sunlight, stretching my back.
"Good mornin' sleeping beauty!" Merle was sitting on a chunk of concrete in front of the fire with some kind of animal on a stick. I looked around, but saw no one else.
"Principle photography is over, Merle. What are you doing?"
"That's not what's important." He watched me as I sat on a log across from him. "What's important is us."
I rubbed my eyes so my disbelief couldn't be seen. We had wrapped on that storyline back in August. Yes, we had something between us, but the writers decided to end it and had me escape him in the season finale. It hadn't aired yet, for all I knew it was still in post production, but this was insane. He can't possibly have thought it was real. He's an actor too, isn't he? He still has that thing on his arm, though, and who knows if he's sharpened it or not. My best bet is to play along till I can get away.
I let my arms drop to my knees. "Why'd you hit me?"
He shrugged. That's it. That was his answer. I would have smacked him. I would have stabbed him. He had the weapon, though, not me. I caught myself showing anger, but quickly fixed my face.
"Well, I'm here now." I pushed myself up and walked around him to rub his shoulders. He let out a little moan of approval and I leaned over and kissed his cheek. "Make some for me, I'm starving to death." I stepped back into the tent and left him to make me some food.
Inside, I opened the chest. I was hoping to find my cell phone, though I couldn't imagine why it would have been here. I had left my little bag at Bill's apartment. Bill... I wonder what they had done with him. Who were all those people with Merle? I suppose they were extras from the Woodbury set. I wondered if he would be taking me back there. I'd play along till then and I could use someone's phone to call Daryl.
Fiddling through the contents of the chest, I found a tactical belt, a couple handguns without ammunition, some make-up, bits of hard plastic which had once belonged to something else now broken and missing, and some paper... A script or a list, it was hard to tell by the format of it. Six pages, I counted.
"You like that?" Merle had poked his head through the tent flap.
"What is this?"
"That's my plan for my brother when I find him. I'm going to do all sort of horrible things to that little prick."
I dropped the stapled papers back into the chest and stood staring down at it. It was half filled with useless bits of things, it may as well have been empty. Even so, it was less empty than I had felt at that moment. I loved Daryl. He felt the same about me. I was just a minor character with barely a name and only a tiny bit of screen time, but Daryl had talked the writers into having me escape Merle and fall in love with him in a twist of cruel irony. Merle's character had everything Daryl's didn't growing up in this fictional world and he wanted to have everything Merle didn't by his end - his arm, his place, his men, his love. I thought it was brilliant and, luckily, the writers did too. They agreed to have me escape by the end of the season and they would develop my character over the next. Daryl had his biggest smile when he told me. I loved him so much.
"You best eat this now 'cause we're headin' out before it gets too late!" Merle called from outside the tent. I stepped out and ate my meat on a stick. The stick had more taste than the meat did, and was probably more tender. It was a shame I couldn't eat it.
Merle had everything packed by the time I had finished chewing my last bite. He carried nearly everything except the styrofoam chest. I thought of picking things out of the chest and dropping them as we went, to leave a trail or to lighten the load or just to deny him of the things, but he walked behind me always and would have seen them drop. When twilight came, we would make camp. He'd stab some animal or I'd pick some passion fruit, we'd eat, and then we'd go to sleep on that tiny cot together. He'd hold my breast as he slept with his good hand, but I'd move it down to hold my rib instead. When he squeezed, I'd take a deep breath in hopes that he wouldn't feel my ribs. He did a couple times and moved his hand back up. I'd move it back down. All in all, I didn't get much sleep.
Finally, one afternoon, we found ourselves looking over the city. It wasn't Woodbury, but the same city Merle had plucked me from. I shook my head, not knowing what to think or say or feel. That night, just before dawn, I slipped from his arms. He made a noise in protest, but I whispered I just had to pee and would be right back. He snored in response. I slipped out, stepped quietly in the leaves till I was sure I was out of range, and bolted. I ran as fast and as hard as I could on the little food I had eaten and several sleepless nights. By the time I reached the city, the sun had risen.
The first building I came upon was a parking garage. I recognized it. I ran up the steps, nearly out of my last breath and then I heard him.
"Cynthia! Come on!" It was Daryl. He had his crossbow and was leaning over the edge of the stairs a few flights up from me. New energy filled me and I took the steps two at a time. His hugs and kisses were at the end of this race and I would make it; and I did. He had stayed on that level waiting for me and I slammed into his body and threw my arms around him. He kissed my cheek hard as if to make up for the time we had missed together.
"Daryl! ... Merle!" I was gasping for breath and still felt like I was getting no air. Daryl picked me up and carried me the last few flights of stairs. He slowed a little as we went into the corridor that lead to the roof, taking the steps two at a time. He kicked the door open, sat me down, and bent over for a breath or two.
Tears immediately filled my eyes. Rick and Glenn, Andrea, Dale, Lorri and Carl, T-Dog, Carol, even Michonne. They hugged me and rubbed my back. Carol had tears in her eyes. Dale hugged me a little longer and a little tighter than the rest. Lorri whispered how glad she was I was okay as she hugged me. Glenn gave me an awkward half hug and smiled sheepishly... and then a gunshot.
Glenn flew backwards, blood spattered everywhere behind him. Carol and I screamed in unison. Rick began spouting off commands, I saw Lorri grab Carl in my peripheral vision, Andrea cocked her handgun, Michonne drew her sword. I stared at Glenn's half-missing face in disbelief. T-Dog dropped to his knees beside him and hung over Glenn's body. 'No...' I thought, 'Maggie...' I gasped and turned.
"Daryl!" He was standing with his crossbow cocked and ready aiming every which way, darting his sights quickly from rooftop to rooftop. I ran over and grabbed his arm. "Daryl, It's Merle!"
"I'm not afraid of him." He shook off my grasp with his elbow and turned his aim to the door.
"You don't understand. You have two pages, Daryl. He has six." That got his attention. "He's going to kill you. We have to get out of here!"
Another gunshot sounded. My first thought was that it had missed, but when I turned, Carol was in Dale's arms, gasping for breath with a punctured lung. My eyes filled with tears. We were target practice on this roof. We had to get down. I quickly turned, but became full of rage when I saw Michonne standing there with her sword at the ready as if it would help in this situation. I wanted to run her through. I wanted Rick to shoot her in her stupid head. Rick...
Rick was letting off rounds of gunshots at the nearest roof. Andrea was standing next to him doing the same. The gunshot had gotten the attention of walkers and they crowded the streets below us in their disheveled and bloodied states. I blinked the tears from my eyes and ran to Rick.
"Rick. It's Merle. He's here for Daryl. Please..."
Rick was the only other cast member who knew about Daryl and I. He glanced over to Lorri and Carl, turned to me and nodded. "Everyone with me!" he called out, grabbed his bag of weapons, and ran for the door. When he reached it, it flew open and there was Merle. He aimed a sawed off shotgun straight at me in his good hand. 'I'm a minor character' I thought as I watched the barrel jerk upwards in slow motion, the fire and smoke tumble slowly from the barrel, and the bits of bullet float towards me. They hit me full force in the chest and I fell backwards.
The landing hurt worse than the shot. I heard everyone yelling far away. I saw grey sky and nothing else. 'I'm expendable' I thought... 'They killed me off before I could be a major character...'
Then I woke up.
Sunday, October 14, 2012
Over the course of the next moments, a wave of excitement and energy swept over Ship and he felt he needed to move his legs. He adjusted himself and reached a hand out to his side where a tall, dark object stood. It was firm and rugged under his fingers. He planted a foot downward into the green below him and wriggled at the touch of a few blades slipping between his toes. Pushing himself up from his knee, and sliding his hand up the rough, tiny wall, Ship stood.
He gazed upwards again, watching the blue-white blinking in the green which waved and whispered to him. Always keeping his hand upon the wall, he followed it. Putting one foot carefully in front of the other, he stepped around until he found himself in the same place he was standing before. Again, he circled it. Again, faster this time. Faster and faster until he broke out in a run. Never letting his fingers lose touch of the rough wall for more than an instant, he leapt over the pieces of the wall which jutted out from the ground. 'Reee!' he called out.
Clumsily, he bounced to a halt and bent over with his hands on his slightly bend knees. 'Troo' he let out as he tried to catch his breath. He looked up and patted the wall. 'Tree,' he said to it, and tree waved down at him in thanks. Ship leaned up against it and looked out at his surroundings. In the distance were blue-purple points with white tops, yellow and blue and green painted the bit below it.
His stomach gave an awful lurch then. Something he had not felt before. He felt the need to put something in his mouth then... but what? His eyes still slightly blurry to the colors ahead of him, Ship hesitated. After another lurch, Ship pushed himself from the tree and stepped back out into the sun. He began to walk.
As he walked, he named the things he saw, and his eyes became sharper and the colors stood out to him. He passed through trees so thick they blotted out the blue above. He walked past great golden tunnels without roofs in the ground with walls ten thousand feet high. He jumped over streams and waded through rivers and swam across lakes. He found some more trees with sweet smelling balls growing from them which he decided to suck on. The sugar caked on his teeth and the juice flowed down his cheeks.
Continuing on, Ship passed a lake so large he could not see the other side. He climbed rocks and peaked down dark caves. He walked through valleys and rolled down hills. So many colors and smells and sights he had never felt before... and Ship was happy.
Stepping between trees taller than he could see, Ship kicked at the needles under his feet and he heard a sound. Ship froze and looked around. He saw nothing, but then he heard it again. A soft ruffle a few yards away. He turned to look in the direction of the noise and he saw the world move. As it moved, Ship was able to make out its shape... an odd box with long twigs beneath it. From the box came a long, curved branch with a lump on the end. The lump had two leaves of the same color on either side and two black spots and the pointed end was moving. Ship stepped slightly closer to it, and it turned its two black spots to face him. This wasn't a moving tree - it was another thing like him... but different.
Ship continued closer to it, and it stepped a few paces away from him. He followed it, carefully stepping softly into the needles to make as little noise as possible and yet, with a twitch of its ears, it would match Ship's pace and step away. Then, a crack, a giggle, and the deer was gone. Ship, just as startled, forgot about the deer and ducked down behind a tree. The sound he heard next was the most beautiful sound he had ever heard.
It sounded like the shadows he had known so well before being thrust into this other world. It was higher pitched, and it hummed up and down and down and up. Finding his courage, Ship leaned out from behind the tree and, as carefully as with the deer, stepped up behind another one slowly making his way toward the sound. Then the sound stopped. It was then he saw her. Another living thing, more like himself, but shorter and different in stature with longer, black hair. She wore aquamarine cloth which seemed to glow against the rusty needles around her. She was looking around the forest, golden teardrops dangling from her ears.
'Hello?' she called out.
Ship, overwhelmed with excitement, stepped out from behind his tree. The girl gasped as she turned to see him there. He stood, frozen in place, unsure of what to say or do. The woman turned to face him and reached out a hand. Ship paused, but her smile calmed the bubbles inside him.
'It's alright. I will lead you. Do not be afraid.' Ship stepped up and took her hand, looking into her eyes.
'Vision' he said to her, repeating the last sounds he thought he heard her sing. His sight, even within the walls he had always known, had never been so clear.
Saturday, September 22, 2012
A man sits. He sees before him a wall. He sees to his left, a wall. He sees to his right, a wall. Upon such a wall is a screen, which he may touch. Upon the screen is an image. What the image is, a man cannot say. The image is a darker shade of grey from the wall, so a man knows it is there. But the image changes. It changes as routine which a man may or may not recognize.
From his arms grow tubes. Grey tubes with darker grey matter which flows in and out of him at all times. There is no time here. There are the walls and the shadows upon them. In the distance, beyond his walls, a man can hear sounds. They are muffled voices coming from the shadows. He speaks to them in a language he made up. In this man's mind, he has remembered the shadow's shapes and molded the shapes into new shapes.
This man has earned the attention of the voices. They have become louder, closer, and yet the images remain the same.
All at once, the wall splits open. The man can see nothing but bright, blinding white. It hurts his eyes. He cries out in pain. 'No! No!' he says, 'Please!', but in his blindness he can only feel the tubes being torn from his flesh. He can only feel weight under his arms lifting him. He can only hear the shadows speak, but he cannot see them. 'First you must name yourself,' they say. 'Then you must name the world. Then you must return, and name us.'
'Please, no!' the man cries out, unhearing. 'I don't want to go! I'm not ready!'
Pain shoots from his knees as they hit the ground over and over. He can hear rhythmic pounding on the ground beneath him. The weight below his arms shoots through the rest of his body as he falls unceremoniously to the ground.
Blinded and weak, he curls up and cries. He lays for a long time, his eyes shut tight, until he sees something. A shadow. A familiar shadow on the back of his eyelids. 'Oh!' he mutters under his breath in sudden comfort. He reaches out to touch the shadow, as he often has, but finds an unknown sensation. This shadow is not flat and smooth as the others. It is in pieces, long, flat and thin. They are bendable, and yet springy. In a panic, the man also realizes he cannot see his arm. It has also become a shadow.
His breath quicken, he opens his eyes just a tiny bit. It is so bright, but not all the white he has seen before. This is something new. Blurred colors, amazing and beautiful, in shapes indistinguishable. The man looks down towards the ground beneath him and grabs, with both hands, the slender green blades. Crawling forward, tearing the soft blades with a satisfying *rip* each step, the man suddenly falls hand-first into something else. It is like air, but thicker. It falls and makes noise as he lifts his hand out of it and back in. Watching the blurred vision of his hand, he listened to it *blip, blop, drip, drop* from his fingers back into itself.
With a frightened, but excited and adventurous smile, he plunges his face into the substance and quickly finds he is unable to breathe. In a sudden jerk, he rips his head upward and backward, choking and sputtering. He wipes his face of the thing quickly as he can and blinks up at the blue and green shadows waving above him with a soft whisper.
Exhausted and confused, the man sprawls out and stares and thinks. He thinks a long time. The bright light which hurt him so badly earlier is not so painful now, though his vision is too blurred to understand. Remembering something and once again, feeling adventurous, he pushes himself up and leans over the edge of the green blades. Looking down at the odd substance which stopped his breath, he saw a new shadow. This one pinkish brown, with darker brown above it, two whitish spots in the middle and a gaping dark red hole which seemed to mimic his mouth movements.
He reached out slowly, carefully, to touch this shadow, and it danced and *shlip-shlopped* about. When he smiled, the dark hole became a white line. He reached out and grabbed the shadow and lifted it to his eyes to get a closer look, but it seeped through his fingers.
'Ship..' he said to the dancing shadow below his hand. *Ship, ship* the water replied. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11876 | Apertium has moved from SourceForge to GitHub.
Afrikaans and English/Contrastive grammar
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Verlede tyd (Past tense)
In English, past tense usually just involves changing the verb to its past tense form (usually by adding an '-ed' suffix to the end of the verb), but in Afrikaans, past tense usually involves adding a 'het' in the place of the verb, and then moving the verb to the end of the sentence and adding a 'ge-' prefix to the verb. If there's a preposition at the end of the sentence though, you join the preposition and the verb together.
The only verb that 'changes' when a 'ge-' prefix is added is 'eet' (eat), in which case it changes into 'het geëet' (ate)
The general rule is 'het' + 'ge-participle'. This also translates for the 'have' + 'participle' in English, so 'Ek het gehardloop' in Afrikaans, is the same as 'I have run' in English, since the word 'het' means 'have' in English.
• (EN) I run today -> I ran yesterday; (AFR) Ek hardloop vandag -> Ek het gister gehardloop
• (EN) I kick the ball -> I kicked the ball; (AFR) Ek skop die bal -> Ek het die bal geskop
• (EN) I knock the vase off -> I knocked the vase off; (AFR) Ek klop die vaas af -> Ek het die vaas afgeklop
However, in Afrikaans, the exceptions to this rule include:
• The auxiliary verbs 'kan', 'wil', 'moet', 'mag', and 'sal', and the verb 'is', in which case only they change to 'kon', 'wou', 'moes', 'mog', 'sou', and 'was', while the rest of the sentence stays the same.
• (EN) I can do it -> I could do it; (AFR) Ek kan dit doen -> Ek kon dit doen
• (EN) I am a doughnut -> I was a doughnut; (AFR) Ek is 'n donut -> Ek was 'n donut
• Words with 'be-', 'ge-', 'her-', 'er-', 'ont-', or 'ver-' prefix don't get a new 'ge-' suffix, staying the same.
• (EN) I recognize the man -> I recognized the man; (AFR) Ek herken die man -> Ek het die man herken
• Sentences with 'begin', 'probeer', 'gaan', or 'laat' in them. No 'ge-' prefix is added, and the words get moved to the end of the sentence.
• (EN) I begin cooking it -> I began cooking it; (AFR) Ek begin dit kook -> Ek het dit begin kook
• (EN) I let him begin talking -> I let him begin talking; (AFR) Ek laat hom begin praat -> Ek het hom laat begin praat
• For sentences with an infinitive at the end, the verb moves directly before the infinitive.
• (EN) I like to run. -> I liked to run; (AFR) Ek hou daarvan om te hardloop. -> Ek het daarvan gehou om te hardloop.
• If there are occurrences of the words 'dan', 'as', 'wanneer', or 'nou' in the sentence, they change to 'toe'. However, 'nou -> toe' is the same as 'now -> then' in English, while the rest are different because they are conjunctions that mean 'then', 'when', and 'when' respectively.
• (EN) I like it when it is hot. -> I liked it when it was hot; (AFR) Ek geniet dit wanneer dit warm is. -> Ek het die geniet toe dit warm was.
• (EN) I eat, then I drink -> I ate, then I drank; (AFR) Ek eet, dan drink ek -> Ek het geëet, toe het ek gedrink
Intensiewe vorm (Intensive form)
In Afrikaans, there are special words that describe intensive form, whereas in English there are no such words, and the ideas are expressed as similes or 2 words instead. Here is a list of a few intensive form examples:
Intensiewe vorm (Intensive form) requiring separate metaphor
Oorspronklike woord (Original word) Intensiewe vorm (Intensive form) English translation original word Literal English translation intensive form
Blind Stokblind Blind As blind as a stick
Nodig Broodnodig Necessary As necessary as bread
Flou Stokflou Weak As weak as a stick
Doof Stokdoof Deaf As deaf as a stick
Rond Koeëlrond Round As round as a bullet
Skraal Rietskraal Slim As slim as a reed
Soet Stroopsoet Sweet As sweet as syrup
Arm Brandarm Poor As poor as fire
Gek Stapelgek Crazy As crazy as a staple
Bitter Galbitter Bitter As bitter as bile
Duur Peperduur Expensive As expensive as pepper
Wit Spierwit White As white as muscle
Swaar Loodswaar Heavy As heavy as lead
Warm Vuurwarm Warm/hot As hot as fire
Weinig Bloedweinig Sparse As sparse as blood
Suur Asynsuur Sour As sour as vinegar
Intensiewe vorm (Intensive form) requiring only 2 words
Oorspronklike woord (Original word) Intensiewe vorm (Intensive form) English translation original word English translation intensive form
Helder Kristalhelder Clear Crystal clear
Seker Doodseker Sure Dead sure
Bleek Doodsbleek Pale Deathly pale
Koud Yskoud Cold Ice cold
Rooi Bloedrooi Red Blood red
Bekend Wêreldbekend Famous World famous
Swart Pikswart Black Pitch black
Wyd Wêreldwyd Wide Worldwide
Lelik Skreeulelik Ugly Scream ugly
Mal Aapmal Crazy Apeshit crazy
Vinnig Blitsvinnig Quick Lightning quick
Vol Propvol Full Plug full
Note that all negative physical traits have a 'stok-' prefix in their intensive form, and that many intensive forms have a 'dood-' prefix.
Voegwoorde (Conjunctions)
Joining 2 sentences
In English, there are only 2 types of conjunctions - coordinating and subordinating conjunctions. However, in Afrikaans, there are 3 types - group 1 (Similar to coordinating conjunctions), group 2, and group 3.
Group 1 conjunctions behave exactly the same as English conjunctions, but word order for group 2 and group 3 change.
• Group 2 is more simple than group 3. The conjunctions are dus (thus), daarom (therefore), anders (else), daarna (then), dan (then), intussen (meanwhile), nietemin (nonetheless), gevolglik (following that), al (although), nogtans (still), tog (now), nou (now), and toe (then). The rule for this is that you join the 2 sentences together, and then move the first verb of the second sentence right next to the conjunction. There are no exceptions to this rule.
• (EN) I ran. I slept. -> I ran, then I slept; (AFR) Ek het gehardloop. Ek het geslaap. -> Ek het gehardloop, toe het ek geslaap; (Literal EN) I have run, then have I slept
• (EN) I am hungry. I eat. -> I am hungry, therefore I eat; (AFR) Ek is honger. Ek eet. -> Ek is honger, daarom eet ek; (Literal EN) I am hungry, therefore eat I
• Group 3 has by far the most exceptions and rules. The conjunctions are all conjunctions ending with '-dat' e.g. omdat (because), all question words e.g. waar (where), terwyl (while), alhoewel (although), aangesien (seeing that), sodra (as soon as), sedert (since), mits (provided that), tensy (unless), indien (if), and 'of' (if) But only in indirect speech. The general rule for this is that you move the first verb to the end of the sentence when you join the sentences.
• (EN) I am wet. I swim in the pool. -> I am wet because I swim in the pool; (AFR) Ek is nat. Ek swem in die swembad. -> Ek is nat omdat ek in die swembad swem; (Literal EN) I am wet because I in the swimming pool swim
• (EN) I go to the rugby match. I am sick -> I go to the rugby match although I am sick; (AFR) Ek gaan na die rugby wedstryd. Ek is siek -> Ek gaan na die rugby wedstryd alhoewel ek siek is; (Literal EN) I go to the rugby match although I sick am
• The exceptions of group 3 are as follows:
• When there are 2 verbs, if the first verb is an auxiliary verb or begin, probeer, gaan, or laat, it moves right before the second verb. Otherwise, the first verb simply moves to the end of the sentence.
• (EN) I am literate. I can read. -> I am literate because I can read; (AFR) Ek is geletterd. Ek kan lees. -> Ek is geletterd omdat ek kan lees.
• (EN) I am tired. I start to do my homework. -> I am tired because I start to do my homework; (AFR) Ek is moeg. Ek begin my huiswerk doen. -> Ek is moeg omdat ek my huiswerk begin doen.
• If there is an infinitive at the end of the second sentence, the verb moves directly before the infinitive.
• (EN) I am fat. I like to eat -> I am fat because I like to eat; (AFR) Ek is vet. Ek hou daarvan om te eet. -> Ek is vet omdat ek daarvan hou om te eet.
Starting a sentence with a conjunction
In Afrikaans, you can only start a sentence with a group 3 conjunction, or 'al' from the group 2 conjunctions. The word order changes in Afrikaans depending on the conjunction, but stays the same in English in all cases.
For 'al', you simply move the first verbs in both sentences to the front of the sentence, similar to a normal group 2 conjunction sentence.
• (EN) I am sick. I go to school. -> Although I am sick, I go to school; (AFR) Ek is siek. Ek gaan skool toe. -> Al is ek siek, gaan ek skool toe; (Literal EN) Although am I sick, go I to school
• (EN) I got transformed into a milkshake. I am still very happy. -> Although I got transformed into a milkshake, I am still very happy; (AFR) Ek het in 'n melkskommel verander. Ek is nog baie gelukkig. -> Al het ek in 'n melkskommel verander, is ek nog baie gelukkig; (Literal EN) Although have I into a milkshake transformed, am I still very happy
For the group 3 conjunctions, you simply move the first verb of the first sentence to the end of the sentence, and bring the first verb of the second sentence to the front of the sentence.
• (EN) I threw the ball at his face. He started crying. -> Because I threw the ball at his face, he started crying; (AFR) Ek het die bal teen sy gesig gegooi. Hy het begin huil. -> Omdat ek die bal teen sy gesig gegooi het, het hy begin huil; (Literal EN) Because I the ball against his face thrown have, has he begun crying
• (EN) I ate a cake. I was hungry. -> Before I ate a cake, I was hungry; (AFR) Ek het 'n koek geëet. Ek was honger. -> Voordat ek 'n koek geëet het, was ek honger; (Literal EN) Before I a cake eaten have, was I hungry
Ontkennende vorm (Negative form)
In Afrikaans, the general rule for negatives is to put a 'nie' after the first verb, and then another 'nie' at the very end of the sentence, a sort of 'nie... nie' bracketing system to indicate negative.
• (EN) I am a hotdog -> I am not a hotdog; (AFR) Ek is 'n worsbroodjie -> Ek is nie 'n worsbroodjie nie
• (EN) I endorse underage drinking -> I don't endorse underage drinking; (AFR) Ek onderskryf minderjarige drink -> Ek onderskryf nie minderjarige drink nie
• (EN) I like to eat vetkoek -> I don't like to eat vetkoek; (AFR) Ek hou daarvan om vetkoek te eet -> Ek hou nie daarvan om vetkoek te eet nie.
However, there are exceptions to this general rule:
• When there are the words 'iets' (something), 'al' (yet), 'ooit' (ever), 'iemand' (somebody), 'moet' (must), 'nog' (still), or 'êrens' (somewhere), you combine the 'nie' with those words to form the new words 'niks' (nothing), 'nog nie' (still not), 'nooit' (never), 'niemand' (nobody), 'moenie' (must not), 'nie meer' (not anymore), and 'nêrens' (nowhere) respectively.
• (EN) I know somebody that can do that -> I don't know somebody that can do that; (AFR) Ek weet iemand wat dit kan doen -> Ek week niemand wat dit kan doen nie
• (EN) I have something -> I don't have something; (AFR) Ek het iets -> Ek het niks
• (EN) I am still sick -> I am no longer sick; (AFR) Ek is nog siek -> Ek is nie meer siek
• When there is a personal pronoun after the first verb, then the first 'nie' goes after the personal pronoun instead of directly after the first verb.
• (EN) Today he ate an apple -> Today he didn't eat an apple; (AFR) Vandag het hy 'n appel geëet -> Vandag het hy nie 'n appel geëet nie
• When dealing with quantity, instead of 'nie... nie', 'geen' is used instead.
• (EN) I have dogs -> I have no dogs; (AFR) Ek het honde -> Ek het geen honde
• (EN) Do you have any children? -> No, I have no children; (AFR) Het jy enige kinders? -> Nee, ek het geen kinders
Woord order (Word order)
Afrikaans follows the word order Subject - Verb 1 - Time - Object - Manner - Place - Verb 2 - Infinitive (Sv1TOMPv2I). You can also start with Time, Object, Manner etc., and that results in Tv1SOMPv2I, Ov1STMPv2I etc. However, in English, the verb always comes after the subject, and auxiliary verbs are not separated from the normal verbs.
• (AFR) Vandag het ek 'n bal geskop; (Literal EN) Today kicked I a ball; (EN) Today I kicked a ball
• (AFR) In die kombuis het ek gister 'n koppie melk gedrink; (Literal EN) In the kitchen drank I yesterday a cup of milk; (EN) Yesterday in the kitchen I drank a cup of milk
• (AFR) Ek moet die kos eet om vet te wees; (Literal EN) I must the food eat to become fat; (EN) I must eat the food to become fat
Note that verb 1 always comes second, no matter what you start with.
There is no distinction for example between the infinitive and present forms of verbs, with the exception of 'wees' (to be) and 'hê' (to have), which become 'is' and 'het' in present form.
Also, verbs do not conjugate differently depending on the subject. For example:
Afrikaans Literal Translation English
ek is I is I am
jy/u is you is you are (singular)
hy/sy/dit is he/she/it is he/she/it is
ons is we is we are
julle is you is you are (plural)
hulle is they is they are
Modern Afrikaans also lacks a pluperfect (e.g. 'I had watched'). Instead, the pluperfect, like the preterite, is expressed using the perfect.
The perfect is constructed with the auxiliary verb 'het' + past participle, which—except for the verb 'hê' (past participle 'gehad'), separable verbs such as 'reghelp' (past participle 'reggehelp') and verbs with the beginnings 'be-', 'ge-', 'her-', 'er-', 'ver-', and 'ont-' ('verkoop', 'ontmoet' are both infinitive and past participle)—is formed regularly by adding the prefix 'ge-' to the verb's infinitive/present form. For example,
• (AFR) Ek breek -> Ek het dit gebreek; I break -> I broke it, I have broken it, I had broken it
The conditional is indicated by the preterite form 'sou' + infinitive.
• (AFR) Ek sou kom; (Literal EN) I should come; (EN) I would come
Like other Germanic languages, Afrikaans also has an analytic passive voice that is formed in the present tense by using the auxiliary verb 'word' (to become) + past participle, and, in the past tense, by using the auxiliary 'is' + past participle. For example,
• (AFR) Dit word gemaak; (EN) It is being made
• (AFR) Dit is (Dis) gemaak; (EN) It is made, It was made, It has been made (so it already exists)
Formal written Afrikaans also admits the construction of 'was gemaak' to indicate passive voice in the pluperfect, which in this case corresponds to 'had been made'. The meaning of the sentence can change based on which auxiliary verb is used (is/was).
• 'is gemaak' implies that something has been made and is still in existence today, whereas 'was gemaak' implies that something had been made, but was destroyed or lost.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11879 | Linden Lab Official:Contribution Agreement
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Revision as of 15:52, 10 May 2011 by Rand Linden (Talk | contribs)
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KBcaution.png Important: Please print and fill out the official PDF document to execute this agreement. Follow the submission instructions in the PDF. This wiki version does not include the form fields to fill in; it is provided to make the document more easily accessible (and provides a history of how the agreement changes on the rare occasions when that happens). If you have questions about these terms, please contact us at
Thank you for your interest in the Second Life Viewer open source project. This document clarifies the terms under which You, the person listed below, may contribute software code, documentation, or other material described below (the “Contribution") to the Second Life Viewer project managed by Linden Lab (the “SL Viewer Project”).
You and Linden Lab agree:
1. "Contribution" means any source code, object code, patch, tool, sample, graphic, specification, manual, documentation, email, comment, posting, communication or any other material posted or submitted by you to the SL Viewer Project.
2. You hereby assign to Linden Lab joint ownership in all worldwide common law and statutory rights associated with the copyrights, copyright applications and copyright registrations in Your Contribution, and to the extent allowable under applicable moral laws and copyright conventions, You agree never to assert against Linden Lab or its licensees or transferees any moral rights therein. You understand that (a) this agreement may be submitted by Linden Lab to register a copyright in Your Contribution, and (b) Linden Lab may exercise all rights as a copyright owner of Your Contribution, including enforcement against infringers. Both You and Linden Lab shall be able to do all such things in relation to Your Contribution as if each were respectively the sole owners of the copyright and all other relevant intellectual property rights therein. Neither party has any duty whatsoever to consult with, obtain the consent of, pay or render an accounting to the other party for any use or distribution of a Contribution or derivative work thereof.
3. You hereby grant to Linden Lab, and to any party who receives Your Contribution, a perpetual, irrevocable, non-exclusive, worldwide, no-charge, royalty-free, license under any patents owned by or licensable by You at any time without payment to third parties, to make, have made, use, sell, offer to sell, import and otherwise transfer Your Contribution in whole or in part, alone or in combination with or included in any product, work or materials arising out of the SL Viewer Project, and to sublicense the foregoing rights to third parties through multiple tiers of sublicensees or other licensing mechanisms at Linden Lab's option.
4. Except as set forth above, You retain all right, title and interest in and to Your Contribution and may use Your contribution for Your own purposes. The assignment and licenses granted above are effective on the date You first submitted a Contribution to Linden Lab, even if such submissions preceded the date below.
5. You represent and warrant that You are legally entitled to grant the above assignment and licenses. If Your employer has rights to intellectual property that You create, You represent that You have received permission to make the Contribution on behalf of that employer, or that Your employer has waived such rights for the Contribution. You represent and warrant that the Contribution is Your original work of authorship, and to the best of Your knowledge, does not violate any other party's copyrights, trademarks, patents or other intellectual property rights, and that no other person claims, or has the right to claim, any right in any invention or patent related to the Contribution.
6. You understand that the decision to include the Contribution in any product or source repository is entirely that of Linden Lab, and this agreement does not guarantee that Your Contribution will be included in any product. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11880 | Using Notepad++ as a script editor
From Unify Community Wiki
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Notepad++ is a powerful text editor based on Scintilla (which is where UniSciTE is also based from). It is available only in Windows.
• it can manage more than ten text files opened simultaneously
• customizable color scheme
Notepad++ editing a Unityscript file
Notepad++ editing a Unityscript file.
1. Notepad++ can be found in Download and install.
2. Change your External Script Editor to Notepad++ (In Unity, Edit> Preferences > General)
3. Unity should now open Notepad++ whenever you double-click a script (or any text file actually).
To add searching of Unity Documentation within Notepad++
1. Download the Language Help Plugin via the Plugin Manager: Plugins > Plugin Manager > Show Plugin Manager. Then choose "Language Help" from the list, and click Install.
2. Go to Plugins > Language Help > Options...
3. Click Add and put these values
Name: Unity
Extension List: js
Extended help file path:$word$
Now whenever you press ctrl+f1 while your cursor is on a word, it will search that word in the Unity documentation. (You can change the key binding via Settings > Shortcut Mapper)
To enable highlighting of unity "keywords"
1. Open "C:\Program Files\Unity\Editor\Data\Tools\UniSciTE\" This text file contains all the unity keywords.
2. Open "C:\Program Files\Notepad++\stylers.xml"
3. In stylers.xml, find: <LexerType name="javascript" desc="Javascript" ext="">
4. Find the coressponding: <WordsStyle name="KEYWORD" styleID="47" fgColor="000080" bgColor="F2F4FF" fontName="" fontStyle="3" fontSize="" keywordClass="instre1">
5. Insert all the unity keywords (found from the you opened earlier) inside that <WordsStyle name="KEYWORD"> tag
6. Save it. Close and open Notepad++. It should highlight the Unity keywords now.
How to add Intellisense (called Auto-Completion in Notepad++) for Unityscript
1. Turn on Auto-Completion by going to: Settings > Preferences > Backup/Auto-Completion. Check "Function parameters hint on input"
2. Open "C:\Program Files\Notepad++\plugins\APIs\javascript.xml"
3. Copy paste contents of (zipped text file, just extract it) to anywhere inside the <AutoComplete> tags of the "javascript.xml" file.
4. Close and open Notepad++. A function tooltip should now appear whenever you type in an open parenthesis after a Unity function.
Note: The UnityJS_to_Npp.txt is created from the file found as "C:\Program Files\Unity\Editor\Data\Tools\UniSciTE\UnityJS.api", converting it using a program I made ( If ever the UnityJS.api changes (in case of a Unity update), just run the python script.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11881 | Revision history of "Svensk Privat Porr"
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• (cur | prev) 18:07, 26 September 2019LHXPorfirio (talk | contribs). . (3,785 bytes) (+3,785). . (Created page with "aland porr [ dejting thailandskor] ts dejt [") |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11883 | Tuesday, April 29, 2008
To request a link just simple comment on this posting for blog/website's names that start with letter U. Here are the that have links exchange with my blog:
Uli 2
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How to Earn Harmony ONE Coins
As far as I know, Harmony ONE coin can be earned by doing Proof of Stake (PoS) and Proof of Value (PoV). Currently I am join PoS in binance ...
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11909 | Talaq Under Pressure From Parents
If parents force their son to give divorce to his wife and under the pressure he gives divorce, is it valid?
The divorce is the exclusive right of the husband. He has to consider all the consequences before issuing a divorce. The final decision is his and he is responsible for issuing a divorce. There can be many types of pressures applied on him. Unless he is forced to the point that his senses no more work and he does not know what he is doing or he is compelled under life threat his decision would be final and valid. He can resist normal pressure techniques and should bear the responsibility if he gives in under ordinary demands.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11910 | Tag Archives: literal
What are literals in MySQL?
If we look in the dictionary: literals are meanings. Description of something in the form of text. In MySQL, Oracle, SQL Server, or any other database, a literal is the content of a variable, or simply a value offered for comparison.
SET var_Name = ‘ALEXANDRE’
In the example above we’ve assigned the literal ALEXANDRE to the var_Name variable. We can say that the content (or meaning) of var_Name is ALEXANDRE.
Ah! Got it!!! Everything between quotes is a literal. Not so fast. The analogy is good but imperfect.
SET var_I_like_move_move_it = FALSE;
SET @var_Price = 10;
SET @Qty = 3;
SET @Total = @var_Price * @Qty;
FALSE (0) is a literal that has been assigned to var_I_like_move_move_it. Although my children love Madagascar, and, I being sympathetic to King Julien, I don’t like to dance. Therefore, FALSE (0 in MySQL) describes the contents of the variable to which it was assigned.
10 is the literal assigned to the integer variable @var_Price. Like, 3 tells me how much the @Qty variable is worth. The computation (calculation) of the literals contained in the environment variables @Var_Price and @Qty describe the environment variable @Total, or the value within the variable. Continue reading What are literals in MySQL? |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11916 | Friday, October 4
{Day 4} Gossip - Proverbs 26:22
{Day 4}
You may not like me for posting this today. In fact, I may not even like myself for posting this.
And that's okay because we all need to hear it. Plus, I don't need you to like me. But I do need to speak truth.
The truth is -- we gossip. We tell tales. We're information junkies.
We love having the inside scoop on a situation. And admittedly, we like it when there's a juicy little morsel tucked inside. Something scandalous. Something worthy of re-telling.
I know this won't surprise you, but the Bible has a lot to say about this.
The book of Proverbs is full of one-liners that have the ability to punch you right in the gut. Right where we really need it sometimes. Today's verse is one of those sorts:
Proverbs 26:22
22 The words of a gossip are like choice morsels;
they go down to the inmost parts.
Source: Creative Commons; AnnieAnniePancake
I think we all know we shouldn't gossip. We do. But we've become really good at disguising it as the sharing of information between caring individuals. Or as a prayer request. Seriously.
And the thing is, we know when we're gossiping, and when we are earnestly trying to help.
There's a difference. And we know it. But we twist it all up in our minds in an attempt to convince ourselves it's okay.
If the person we are talking about were sitting at the same table with us, would we tell the story in the same way? Or would we spruce it up a bit, to exclude the embarrassing parts? Perhaps maybe we wouldn't tell it at all.
Gossip infects, oozes, and multiplies.
It is never healing or beneficial to the hearers ears.
It is always harmful.
Next time you're tempted to over-share another person's story, imagine them listening intently in the next chair. This just might just cure us all.
Proverbs 11:13
13 A gossip betrays a confidence,
but a trustworthy person keeps a secret.
2 comments on "{Day 4} Gossip - Proverbs 26:22"
1. Amanda, keep telling the truth. Anyone seeking after the Lord with all their heart and mind, will receive this with love and know that it is the truth! We need more truth and less gossip! :-) ~Garie
2. Hi Amanda,
This is, Bethany, your cousins, Anna and Ellie Taylor's friend. This was a very good post. We do indeed gossip under the guise of "sharing information" when it really isn't. I do not hate you for posting this. Thank you! Thank you! Thank you!
In Christ,
Thank you for commenting, I love hearing from you! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11931 | Lama Geshe Kenrab
Lama Geshe Kenrab is a buddhist monk from Tibet. He was sent to Montréal bythe Dalai Lama to found a Tibetan Buddhist Temple. In the film he talks about his life, his beliefs and his hopes.
genre Documentary
length 10min
premiere World Film Festival Montreal
Producer, Director, Writer, Camera, Editor: Tamás Wormser |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11935 | Special Weekly Dev Update – July 10th, 2015
Hi Everybody.
Today Daniel is back with a Special Weekly Dev Update, or a SWDU if you would. Actually, no. Don’t, thats not great. Maybe SpeWeDUp? Hmm, no something is a bit off about that too. Anyways, lets get on with it.
Game Art Balance I:
An easy mistake to make is to think that by balancing two things means there should be equal amounts of each. Nothing could be further from the truth, most of the time balancing things against each other means figuring out how much you can squeeze into the less important without messing up the more important one.
Today we’re going to be looking at three of the axes of game art; fidelity, stylization, and utility. But don’t fear, there are many more.
To begin lets look at what they are.
This is what many think of as the amount of detail something has. For example a character made of 100,000 polygons and 5 * 8192×8192 textures has a higher fidelity than the same character made with 1,000 polygons and a single 256×256 texture. It’s however different from detail, lets say you have two Cubes that to your eye, even on close inspection, appear identical. And only when you look at how it was made can you tell that one has much higher polycount and texture size than the other by several orders of magnitude. In this case there is a difference in fidelity but since the extra fidelity is not used to add anything there is no difference in detail.
This is how the Art Direction deems the asset should look. For example if you’re making a mushroom for a realistic FPS game you probably wouldn’t want to make it look like it belongs in Mario Kart. This impacts everything from what shapes are used to what style the textures are painted in to the proportions of an object.
The purpose of Game Art is ultimately to enable gameplay. An object needs to communicate what it needs to to the player and it needs to be as usable as it is expected to be by the player. If you are making an explosive barrel, the color that screams explosive barrel to the player (so that they can see which barrel to shoot) is red so it needs to be red. But it might also need to be big enough to be easy to shoot but not so big that any stray bullet will hit it.
Knowing this of course brings up several issues where the needs of the different axes conflict with each other, some more obvious than others.
Fidelity vs Stylization:
You are making a chair, the poly-budget is high enough for you to make two chairs in the target style, what do you do? Stop wasting time on making two chairs, just make one at the target style and be happy you could get in under budget.
Fidelity vs Utility:
You are making a pistol for the first person view, these are usually pretty high-poly. However the game needs to run at 60 fps and your pistol is eating up 10% out of the total frame time, double what is acceptable, now what? This one is a bit trickier, mainly because there are different solutions. You can optimize, reduce the fidelity until acceptable. You can start over with the ingame mesh and get it right. Which of these is faster really depends on the situation. Another option would be to, if you never see the pistol from the opposite angle (since this is the first person version), cut off the entire opposite side of the pistol.
Stylization vs Utility:
You’re making that lovely red barrel. The style has it looking awesome, fitting in perfectly in the world. But playtesting shows that the player can’t find it. To remedy this you could make them much more brightly colored and bigger. However this would make them not only look completely out of place, but also ugly. The solution is to figure out at what point of compromising between the two you achieve the optimal balance. Or, if possible, figure out a way to get both utility and stylization. This is of course much easier said than done.
These things might, especially the first two, sound super obvious but they are still common mistakes. Sometimes due to inability figure out the balance, sometimes because they ran into the deadline, and sometimes because of stubbornness, a refusal to admit the requirements of reality.
This is why many games run poorly, look like crap, and are unplayable.
Now, this is just scratching the surface when it comes to what you need to find the balance for when making every single piece of Game Art.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11943 | Kallas, Aino
Kallas, Aino Image 1
Aino Kallas
The Finnish-Estonian writer Aino Kallas (born Aino Krohn, 1878–1956) can still be seen as one of the most international Finnish writers. After marrying Estonian scholar and cultural activist Oskar Kallas in 1900, she moved to St. Petersburg, then to Tartu in Estonia, and later to London, where her husband acted as an ambassador in the years 1922–1934. It was during her years in London that Aino Kallas published her major novels: Barbara von Tisenhusen (1923), The Rector of Reigi (1926) and The Wolf’s Bride (1928), which form a trilogy entitled Eros, the Slayer. Although she wrote in Finnish, Kallas took her subject matter from Estonian history.
During World War II she was forced to leave Estonia and settle in Stockholm. After her husband’s death she wanted to return to her native land, but it was only three years prior to her death that she was finally given Finnish citizenship again.
Aino Kallas was awarded the Finnish State Prize for Literature in 1907, 1920, 1926, 1928 and 1942.
Tauno Pylkkänen’s opera based on Kallas’ novel The Wolf’s Bride won the Prix Italia 1950. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11973 | SMASHING – Sajid Wajid’s Full Interview on Dabangg 3 | AMUSING Salman Khan Quiz
Musical duo #SajidWajid in an exclusive interview with Bollywood Hungama’s Faridoon Shahryar talk about their upcoming movie #Dabangg3 for which they have given their music. They also talk about their controversy with #SalmanKhan & rubbishes all the rumours. They also talk about why they were missing from the music scene! They also said that Munna Badnaam Hua song idea was actually came from #SalmanKhan. They say that it was his magical idea about the song. They talk about their track ‘Naina Lade’ & why #JavedAli replaces #RahatFatehAliKhan for the song. They talk about #SalmanKhan & about his voice & singing. They say that Salman Khan still cares for his people who are listening to his music. They talk about Jubin Nautiyal & said that he is the next voice of romance. Lastly they play a super fun quiz on #SalmanKhan- How Well Do You Know Salman Khan?. Check out to see who wins this closely fought battle! Don’t Miss!
Also, do not forget to subscribe to Bollywood Hungama:
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/11975 | Tag Archives | fun
No Batteries Required
Games – No Boards or Batteries Required
Boredom sucks. Whether the power goes out, you’re living off-grid or you suddenly find yourself stuck in the middle of nowhere with nothing to do, having the ability to entertain yourself – without power – can be a godsend. If kids are involved, it’s almost a requirement! Regardless of the situation – expected or not […]
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12012 | How to Deal with Recurrent Problems
When you are dealing with recurrent engaged in long spiritual warfare, do not use the same tactics for each new battle you face.
When the Philistines prepared to attack David, he inquired of God and God promised to deliver them into his hands and David defeated them in Baal Perazim. (2 Samuel 5:17-21)
However the Philistines were not through with David because they once again deployed themselves in the Valley of Rephaim.
David did a very good thing because he inquired of the Lord again. He did not assume that the battle strategy he had used in the first battle would help him defeat the Philistines this time around.
When he inquired of God, he was told, "You shall not go up. Circle behind them and come upon them infront of the mulberry trees. (2 Samuel 5:23)
Therefore if you are dealing with a recurrent problem, do not assume that the strategies you used the last time will also work this time. Consult God even if you are dealing with the same enemy because He is the one Who knows best how to tackle the issue.
God will even tell you when to attack for He told David, When you hear the marching sound from the tops of the mulberry trees, advance quickly because then the Lord will go out before you to strike the Philistine camp." (2 Samuel 5:24)
David obeyed God's strategy and prevailed over the Philistines. So Acknowledge the Lord in all your ways and He shall direct your paths (Proverbs 3:5-6) even when you are engaged in recurrent spiritual battles.
This principle of consulting God repeatedly when you are facing the same recurrent problem also applies to other life situations.
We can see that when King Balak sent messengers to ask Balaam to curse the Israelites, Balaam told them to spend the night so that he could consult God and God told him not to go with them. (Numbers 22:7-12)
King Balak did not give up and he sent another group of messengers to ask Balaam to curse the Israelites. Balaam also asked this second group to spend the night so that he might hear what God would say. (Numbers 22:15-19) He did not assume that God wanted him to do what he had done the last time Balak had sent messenger to him.
Therefore consult God each time you have to deal with recurring problems and do not assume the instructions He gave you the first time also apply for the second time they show up in your life.
How to fight long spiritual battles
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12013 | Category Archives: guest presentation
Why Our Sacraments Don’t Connect
Twice Removed:
Why Our Sacraments Often Don’t Connect With Real Life
By Joseph Martos
(Published in National Catholic Reporter vol. 52, no. 9, 2016)
We are told that in baptism we receive new life in Christ, yet baptized babies don’t seem to be any different from unbaptized ones.
We are told that the Eucharist is the source and summit of the Christian life, yet we often don’t get much out of the mass, and it is rarely a peak moment in our week.
Why is this?
For years I have been sifting through twenty centuries of church history and Catholic theology, and I have made some important discoveries.
Early Christianity
The first is that in the first two centuries of Christianity, theology was based in experience. Words that were later taken to refer to things that are outside the realm of experience were originally attempts to talk about things that the followers of Jesus were experiencing.
For example, when Paul wrote about justification by faith, he was not talking about getting right with God by believing in Christ, but about getting your life straightened out by trusting that what Jesus taught is true. When the Book of Acts talks about being saved through baptism, it does not mean washing away sin by going through a ritual, but it means being rescued from selfishness by being immersed in a caring community. When you read an English translation that mentions the Holy Spirit, the original Greek is talking about a spirit of godliness or goodness that leads people to care about and take care of others.
Scholars who study other early documents like “The Teaching of the Twelve Apostles” (often called the Didache for short, from the Greek word for teaching) are finding that these writings were also attempts to spell out in words what the followers of Jesus were experiencing in their lives. But in the third century, things began to change.
You could say that, over time, the experience behind the early writings got forgotten, but the words remained. The writings were recognized as precious, and they got called sacred scriptures. Even the Didache appeared in some early lists of sacred scriptures.
Christian intellectuals in the third century, sometimes called apologists, tried to explain their faith to people in the wider pagan world who suspected that the followers of Jesus were members of a dangerous cult. In response, one apologist name Justin compared the Christian community meal to a temple sacrifice, where pagans shared food in the presence of their god, to show that Christians were religious even though they did not worship in temples. But other apologists began to talk about their faith as a set of beliefs rather than as a way of living. The words were becoming disconnected from the experiences that gave rise to them.
In the fourth century, Constantine wanted to unify the sprawling Roman Empire with a single religion, so he legalized and promoted Christianity. When Christians began to travel freely throughout the empire, they discovered that people in different regions had different theologies. Some believed that Jesus was a prophet, others that he was God, others that he was both human and divine. Instead of uniting Constantine’s empire, Christians started arguing with one another and dividing it even further.
To address the problem, Constantine ordered all the bishops to his villa in Nicaea, and he forced them to stay there until they produced a document they could all agree on. They came up with the Nicene Creed, a statement of belief that said nothing about the Jesus way of living but only about divine beings and the earthly church. The first removal of theology from the experience of Christian living was complete.
The Middle Ages
The attempt of the emperors to preserve the empire failed, and in the fifth century the western or European half of it fell to barbarian invaders from the north. The so-called Dark Ages lasted until the tenth century. Theological thinking came to a halt while people struggled to survive.
Church life, on the contrary, evolved and flourished. The elaborate eucharistic liturgy got pared down to a mass that could be said by missionaries who carried the faith to the tribes that were settling on the continent, and it was called a sacrifice even though no one remembered why. Baptism became a short rite that was performed on babies in a church or adult converts in a river. Confirmation could be given by a bishop on horseback to children who were held up for him to touch. Private confession was introduced by monks for people who needed assurance of God’s forgiveness. Weddings became church ceremonies because there needed to be a public record of marriages. Ordination became a series of rites for apprentices who were learning how to be clerics as they ascended through a series of holy orders. Anointing of the sick began as a ministry to people who were ill, but in the absence of modern medicine it became the last anointing called extreme unction.
By the eleventh century, the chaos had subsided. The weather got warmer, farming flourished, commerce expanded, towns grew into cities, cathedrals were built, and schools were founded. Monks turned their attention from copying ancient manuscripts to studying them. Philosophy and theology were reborn.
Among other things, the schoolmen of the high Middle Ages turned their attention to religious rituals, and especially to those called sacraments. How did bread and wine turn into the body and blood of Christ? Why could baptism and confirmation be received only once? How did the sacraments of penance and extreme unction work? What were the different powers of priests and bishops? Why was the bond of marriage indissoluble? Like Christian writers in the first and second centuries, the schoolmen reflected on their experience to describe and explain the life in medieval Christendom.
The schoolmen did not realize, however, that much of their theological language was already somewhat removed from life, and so they thought that salvation meant going to heaven, that the gifts of the Holy Spirit were not experienced, that sins were remitted even if they were committed again, that the bond of marriage was invisible, that priestly powers were unrelated to priestly ministry, and that extreme unction could be received by someone who was unconscious. They saw nothing amiss in a mass that was performed by a priest using words that the people could not hear, much less understand, and who paid attention only when a bell was rung.
The Modern Centuries
In many ways, sacramental ministry devolved into sacramental magic in the late Middle Ages, but the church’s leadership rejected repeated calls for reform until the sixteenth century, by which time half of Europe had turned Protestant. The Council of Trent reformed the sacramental system, eliminating the most superstitious practices, insisting that bishops be true shepherds of their flocks and that priests be trained in seminaries. From the sixteenth to the mid-twentieth century, Catholic sacramental practice and Catholic sacramental theology mirrored one another.
The baptismal and priestly characters explained why Catholics never left the church and why priests never left the ministry. The Eucharist was surrounded by great ceremony, elevated at mass and ensconced in a monstrance for exposition of the Blessed Sacrament, and received only rarely, usually after a sincere confession of sins to a priest. The indissoluble bond of marriage explained why Catholics never divorced. Confirmation and extreme unction did not have very visible effects, but Catholics trusted that the former was good to receive in adolescence and the latter was good to receive before dying. The Catholic Church remained medieval in form and thought well into the twentieth century.
Vatican II and After
At the Second Vatican Council, the world’s Catholic bishops called for an updating – aggiornamento in Italian – of the Church’s sacramental practices. Historians and liturgists reached back past the Middle Ages to retrieve earlier forms of the mass and other rites that had gotten lost during the Dark Ages – things like praying in the language of the people, receiving communion in the forms of both bread and wine, rethinking the relation between sin and confession, and returning anointing to the context of ministry to the sick.
Unexpectedly, the unity of practice and theology began to dissolve. People stopped going to confession regularly. Priests began leaving the priesthood and the number of seminarians dwindled. Married Catholics started divorcing in greater numbers and even remarrying without waiting for an annulment. The primary effect of confirmation seemed to be dropping out of church. Even baptism was no guarantee that people would remain Catholics or even Christians, as those who left the Church sometimes became agnostics or atheists, Jews or Muslims.
Alarmed by this apparent defection from the faith, popes John Paul II and Benedict XVI attempted to restore what was lost, insisting on strict adherence to ecclesiastical rules, affirming traditional doctrines, stifling dissent, and denying any further developments in sacramental practice such as allowing deacons to anoint the sick or allowing priests to marry. But the traditional doctrines no longer match Catholics’ contemporary experience of church membership, marriage and ministry, not to mention their sense of sin and their experience of illness. Even Catholic worship feels different from the way it did in the days of the Latin mass and Gregorian chant, and the previously strong sense of Christ’s presence in the Eucharist is hard to recapture. As happened in the third century, there is a growing gap between theology and experience, only this time the theology is twice removed from life. Official teachings about the mass and sacraments are not only disconnected from people’s everyday lives, but they are also often disconnected from people’s experience of worship. As noted earlier, for many people the liturgy is not the main source of their spiritual nourishment nor the high point of their week.
Around the time of the Council, Catholic thinkers like Edward Schillebeeckx in France, Karl Rahner in Germany, Bernard Cooke in the United States and Louis-Marie Chauvet in France tried to reinterpret the sacraments in more contemporary ways. Fifty years later, however, their work is not given much attention because it suffered from a fatal flaw. Instead of reflecting on the experience of ritual worship, as was done in the early centuries and in the Middle Ages, they reflected on the church’s sacramental doctrines and tried to translate them into thought categories derived from existentialism and phenomenology, the psychology and sociology of religion, and even postmodern philosophy. By being tied to medieval doctrines, however, these theologians found themselves having to explain why baptism is permanent, how confirmation gives spiritual strength, why confession is needed, how anointing benefits the sick, why marriage is indissoluble, and why the priesthood is forever. But these ideas no longer correspond to the world inhabited by most Catholics, so contemporary theologies are just as removed from real life as the scholastic theology they had hoped to replace.
Is there a way out of the current confusion? There is, but it is neither a dogmatic reassertion of the past nor a freefall into cultural relativism. We need to rediscover what is essential to the Christian way of life, reinvent ways to ritualize that, and reformulate what those rituals mean in terms that are faithful both to the teachings of Jesus and to the experience of living in accordance with them.
Do you like what you’ve read? If so, please say a few words to Dr. Martos below. Maybe copy and post your favorite line.
Do you not like what you’ve read? If so, please say a few words about your discomfort. Maybe copy and post your most objectionable line.
How We Got Into This Mess
How We Got Into This Mess
Why Sacraments Don’t Work the Way They Are Supposed To
A guest presentation by Dr. Joseph Martos
St. Robert Bellarmine Church, Redford, Michigan
December 13, 2016
Let me begin by thanking Bishop Gumbleton and the organizers of this series of talks that address the elephants in the living room, that is, the issues that everyone recognizes but no one is willing to talk about.
As I started thinking about what to say in this talk, I was reminded of the story about the young monk who was sent by his abbot to search the monastery archives for the oldest documents, the ones that talked about the reason for the founding of the monastery.
After spending several weeks in the basement archives, the young monk bounded up the stairs one day and asked to see the abbot right way.
“Why all the excitement?” asked the abbot.
Holding up a faded piece of parchment, the young man pointed to a sentence in [the] monastery’s original rule, and said excitedly, “The word is ‘celebrate’!”
All along, the monks had thought the word was “celebate.”
Every now and then, I feel like the young monk in that story.
In a little while, you’ll see why, but for now, let me say that by digging through the historical records, I’ve discovered that many of the ideas we take for granted are different from the ideas that we find when we dig into the early history of the sacraments.
I never intended to become an expert on sacraments, but when I got my first college teaching job many years ago, I was asked to teach the course on sacraments because no one else wanted to tackle that subject. This was right after Vatican II, when everything in the Catholic Church was in flux, and there were great differences between the traditional Church doctrines and what some of the younger theologians were saying—young theologians like Yves Congar, Hans Kung, and Edward Schillebeeckx. I felt that a safe approach to the course would be a historical approach because no one could argue with historical facts.
At that time, there were a number of very scholarly treatments on the history of baptism, the history of the mass, the history of penance, and so on. But no one had taken all that information and collected it into a single book, and since I needed a book to teach the course, I wrote Doors to the Sacred: A Historical Introduction to Sacraments in the Catholic Church.
A year later, I was asked to write an introductory volume for a set of seven books on the sacraments. That book has been revised and expanded, and it is now available as The Catholic Sacraments: An Interdisciplinary and Interactive Study. There is a website that goes along with it for the interactive part.
I wrote the second book because I felt, even thirty years ago, that the Catholic Church needed a more up to date approach to its sacraments. Thomas Aquinas and the scholastic theologians were fine in their day, but we needed a more modern approach for a modern church.
One clue that I had about why we needed a better way of understanding sacraments is that only Catholics talk about sacraments as being given and received. Protestants don’t talk that way, and the Orthodox don’t talk that way even though the Orthodox tradition is as old as the Catholic tradition. Except for when they talk about receiving communion or receiving the Eucharist, no one but Catholics use the language of administering and receiving sacraments.
When I was doing the research for Doors to the Sacred, I could tell when in church history that manner of speaking became rather common. But I could not really tell why it had become common for us Catholics to talk about administering and receiving the sacraments. The priest or bishop, of course, is the usual minister, but the other person in the sacramental rite is always referred to as the recipient of the sacrament. Thus we talk about receiving the sacrament of baptism, receiving the sacrament of confirmation, receiving the sacrament of penance, and so on.
When I was doing the research for my latest book, I was finally able to figure out where that language had come from. This is because in the last ten years or so, most of the important ancient and medieval texts have been digitized and stored on CD-ROMs, which are CDs with documents stored on them instead of music. Using these digitized texts, it is now possible to do word searches in the writings of the fathers of the church—people like Tertullian and Ambrose and Augustine—as well as in the writings of medieval theologians—people like Hugh of St. Victor, Peter Lombard and Thomas Aquinas.
When you do these word searches, and you look at how words like baptism, administer, receive, confirmation, penance, ordain, and so on, are used you can see how, over the course of time, the usage of the word changed. For example, Tertullian, a father of the church living in the second century, was the first to use the phrase, “sacrament of baptism.” In his understanding, a sacrament is a sacred sign, or a sign of something sacred, as it is for us, but it is clear from the way he used the words, that when he talked about the sacrament of baptism, what he was referring to was water. The water that was used in the baptismal ritual was a sign of the spiritual change that was taking place when a person joined the Church and received the Holy Spirit. Some two centuries later, St. Augustine wrote about the sacrament of baptism, but what he was referring to was an indelible sign that was impressed on the soul of the one being baptized when the rite of baptism was validly performed.
In summary, then, when Tertullian wrote about receiving the sacrament of baptism, he was talking about receiving the water that was poured on the head, but when Augustine wrote about receiving the sacrament of baptism, he was talking receiving an indelible sign on the soul.
St. Augustine was the most widely quoted patristic author during the Middle Ages. The main reason was that the medieval scholastics could read Latin but not Greek, so even though many fathers of the church wrote in Greek, the scholastic theologians could not use them as sources of information about the sacraments. Augustine not only wrote in Latin but he wrote lots of works about lots of different topics, so he was a great source of theological ideas in the Middle Ages.
St. Thomas Aquinas and other scholastics accepted Augustine’s idea of an indelible sign that was impressed upon the soul at baptism, which made it unnecessary and even impossible to be baptized more than once. Augustine had argued that trying to rebaptize someone would be like trying to put an identical brand on a sheep that had already been branded. The scholastics noted that there were other sacramental rituals that were never repeated, namely, confirmation and holy orders, so they reasoned that these too must bestow an indelible sign. They called the one received in confirmation the seal of the Holy Spirit, and they called the one received in ordination the priestly character. Since these invisible signs were signs of something sacred, the scholastics called them sacramenta or sacraments. And from that day to this, Catholics have talked about receiving the sacraments.
Why did the scholastic theologians believe it was so important that there be an invisible sacrament as well as the visible sacramental ritual? It was because the ritual is something physical—words, gestures, water, oil, and so forth—but the grace that the sacraments bestowed was something entirely spiritual. In their way of understanding how things worked, a physical cause could not have a spiritual effect, and so some intermediary was needed, something that was both material and spiritual. The idea of the invisible sign fit the bill, and so they used that idea to understand how the sacraments worked. The sacrament that is received is like something material because it is a sign, and it is like something spiritual because it is not composed of matter.
Next, we have to ask, what were the sacramental rituals in the Middle Ages, and what were their effects? The sacrament of baptism consisted of pouring water on an infant’s head, and the child was made a Christian for the rest of its life. The sacrament of confirmation consisted of a bishop anointing candidates with oil, as a result of which they could join a religious order and, if the candidate was a man, he could become a priest. The sacrament of holy orders consisted of a bishop laying hands on a man’s head and anointing his hands with oil, as a result of which the man was invested with priestly powers for the rest of his life. The sacrament of matrimony consisted of a man and woman professing marriage vows, as a result of which they were married for life. The Blessed Sacrament or Eucharist consisted of bread and wine that were consecrated by a priest, as a result of which, people could experience the real presence of Christ when they received communion during the mass or prayed before the Blessed Sacrament in the tabernacle. The sacrament of penance was needed to forgive serious sins, as a result of which the penitent was allowed to receive holy communion. The sacrament of extreme unction was needed to remove the remnants of sin from the soul of a dying person, as a result of which he or she could die a happy death.
How did the scholastics know these things? They knew them from their own personal and social experience.
They knew from experience that once people were baptized, they were members of the Church for the rest of their lives. They knew from experience that when people were confirmed, they could be more dedicated Christians than the unconfirmed were. They knew from experience that when men were ordained, they remained priests for the rest of their lives. They knew from experience that when people were married, they stayed married until one of them died. They knew from experience that Christ was present in the Eucharist because they felt his real presence when they were saying mass. (We have to remember that the medieval theologians were all priests, and they were required to say mass every day.) They knew from experience that penance was needed for the forgiveness of sins because without it, people could not receive holy communion. They knew from experience that extreme unction was needed to die a happy death because those who received it were less anxious about dying.
The scholastics were teaching in schools of theology for about a century before they hammered out the scholastic theology that the Church takes for granted today. So we can say that the scholastics developed their sacramental theology to explain why the sacramental rituals had the effects they actually had in the Middle Ages. And they used the concept of the invisible sign, or the received sacrament, to explain the effects they perceived in medieval Christian society. as well as the effects they perceived in their own spiritual lives.
But what is the situation today? What is our experience today?
Children are baptized but there is no guarantee that they will remain members of the Church. They could become Protestants or Jews or Muslims or nones, as those who profess no religion are called today. Children and adolescents who are confirmed don’t seem to be any different than those who are not confirmed. In other words, confirmation does not seem to have any effect at all in the Church today.
People who marry in the Catholic Church today have a 50 percent chance of being divorced, and so we know from our own experience that marriage is not indissoluble. Men who are ordained do not necessarily remain priests, even though our medieval theology says they are priests forever. Penance, or the sacrament of reconciliation, is no longer needed to receive communion the way it used to be, and most Catholics no longer see it as a necessary ritual at all. The anointing of the sick—what used to be called extreme unction—is no longer used to guarantee a happy death. And one problem with it is that only priests are allowed to perform it. Why is that? It’s because the scholastics interpreted a passage in the Epistle of James as referring to priests, but we know now that the epistle was referring to elders in the community.
So now we come to the title of this presentation and the answer to the question, How did we get into this mess? How did we get into a situation where our sacraments no longer work the way they are supposed to? Why do the sacraments no longer have the effects that they had in the past?
The short answer is that the sacramental theory developed by the scholastics was thought to be universally true, that is, true for all places and times, but in fact is was not. The sacramental theory or theology fit Catholic experience for about seven centuries, from the mid-thirteenth century to the mid-twentieth century, so naturally the pope and bishops at the Second Vatican Council thought that it would be as true in the future as it was in the past. What they did not realize was that the combination of changed liturgical experience, which they themselves ordered in the hope of updating the Church, and the changes in culture and society, over which they had no control, would change the experience of Catholics just enough that the old theory no longer fit the new facts.
Let me given you an analogy from science.
Let’s say that a rather naïve earthling landed on Mars and expected his experience on Mars to be just like his experience on Earth. Immediately he would notice that he felt lighter. This is because Mars is a smaller planet than Earth, and so its gravity is weaker. If he managed to get outside without a space suit, he would find it impossible to breathe. This is because Mars has an atmosphere but it is a much thinner atmosphere than the one on Earth. I could give other examples, but you get the picture. Our imaginary space traveler believed that ideas that had served him well on Earth would serve him well in a different physical environment. In a similar way, the bishops at Vatican II (and in fact all of the liberal Catholics in the 1960s) thought that the ideas that had served well in the medieval environment of the pre-Vatican II church would continue to work well in the post-Vatican II church. But it didn’t happen.
Between the liturgical changes that the bishops authorized and the cultural changes of the 1960s and 70s, both the worship experience of Catholics and the cultural experience of Catholics changed to such an extent that the old ideas simply do not work any more. The old ideas no longer corresponded to reality as Catholics experienced it. To use a fancy word for this phenomenon, we can say that the old sacramental theology is dysfunctional; it just doesn’t work any more.
According to the theory, people who are baptized Catholics are supposed to stay Catholics forever, but they don’t. According to the theory, Catholics who are confirmed are supposed to be different from Catholics who are not confirmed, but they aren’t. According to the theory, Catholics need to go to confession to have their sins forgiven, but they don’t go to confession any more. According to the theory, Catholics who are married are supposed to stay married until they die, but about half of them don’t. According to the theory, priests are supposed to have spiritual gifts that make them different from laypeople, but the sexual abuse scandals make that hard to believe. According to the theory, only priests can anoint the sick, but because of the declining number of priests, many sick people are not anointed.
One way we can see how dysfunctional our sacramental theology has become would be to put ourselves in the place of the scholastic theologians and ask: What kind of sacramental theology would we develop today if we did it the same way the medieval theologians did, that is, by reflecting on our own personal and social experience?
• Would we say that people could be baptized and confirmed only once? Other churches practice rebaptism and allow for repeated confirmation.
• Would we say that only priests can hear confessions and anoint the sick? Unordained hospital chaplains often listen to the confessions of patients who are dying and some of them develop creative rituals, often through the laying on of hands, for giving spiritual comfort to the sick.
• Would we say that only priests can preside at the liturgy when we know from history that in the early church community elders could preside at the Lord’s supper? Would we say that priest have to be men when we know from experience that there are churches with priests who are women?
• Would we say that Catholics cannot divorce and remarry without the Church’s permission when most Catholics divorce and remarry without the Church’s permission? Of course not.
If this were just a theoretical matter, we could let the matter rest. But it is not just a theoretical matter. Scholastic sacramental theology governs Catholic canon law and the Church’s laws today are causing real harm to people. Our unrealistic theology of baptism leads Catholic parents to believe that they are giving their children something real when they bring them for baptism but the ritual does not give the children anything they do not already have. Our unrealistic theology of confirmation leads Catholic parishes to prepare children for a religious ritual that makes no difference in their lives. Our unrealistic theology of penance and anointing of the sick prevents the development of church rituals through which people could experience genuine reconciliation and spiritual healing without the intervention of a priest. Our unrealistic theology of marriage, instead of preventing divorce, forces many divorced Catholics to remarry outside the Church. And our unrealistic theology of ordination does not allow the ordination of women and married people, thus depriving us of the pastors and ministers we need to experience Christian living in realistically sized communities of faith.
So the issue is real, and it is important. It is impacting our own lives either directly or indirectly.
Now we know how we got into this mess, so the only question that remains is: What do we do to get us out of it?
Thank you for your attention.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12020 | beauty you can't take for granite!
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With the time spent between all the activities that take place in and near a kitchen why not transform the room into something that you would actually like to spend time in? New granite or marble kitchen counter tops are a quick and easy way to completely change the look, feel, function, and equity of any room in your home and we would love to be part of that transformation.
The name of the company may be somewhat new to the industry but the employees are not! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12026 | Friday, 30 December 2011
20th century Euphonium – Music Instrument
Espana Post issued the stamp series devoted to musical instruments is completed with a new stamp depicting a 20th century euphonium belonging to the collection of the Museo Interactivo de la Música de Málaga on October 5, 2010.
The euphonium is one of the less popular instruments in the West.It is believed to have been invented by Carl Moritz in 1838, although it is also credited to Ferdinand Sommer and Adolphe Sax in 1843.It is built in B flat for concert which means that, by not pressing any piston valve the instrument will produce partial harmonic series in B flat.
The euphonium is a wind brass instrument belonging to the family of the aerophones. It is a conical-bore metal tube which gradually widens from the mouthpiece to the bell.
It is equipped with three piston valves which lengthen the tube to enable it to communicate with other additional tubes, lowering the pitch.
Other elements or parts that make up the euphonium are the bell, the general pump, the valve pumps, a small musical stand, water key corks, valve covers, valve stem felts, a staple and a mouthpiece.
Euphoniums are made of brass, which is an alloy of copper and zinc and depending on the proportions of the mixture of metals, the sound will differ: the more zinc the brighter the sound and on the contrary, the more copper the mellower. It is a band instrument, often a solo instrument, and also used by jazz groups.
The sound of the euphonium is produced by vibration of the lips on the mouthpiece. The vibration of the lips is achieved by a column of air. Thus this instrument is classified in the family of aerophones.
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12045 | X-Message-Number: 8249
Date: Tue, 27 May 97 14:08:01
From: Mike Perry <>
Subject: Artificial Consciousness
The discussion continues on consciousness, and in particular, whether
it could reside in an artificial device or needs an organic
substrate. The doubters that things we have done so far, such as a
programmed robot or a computer program, exhibit the slightest degree of
consciousness or feeling, seem once again to be overlooking the
forest for the trees. Just because a machine crunches bits
at the lowest level in no way (in my view) precludes its having
feeling and consciousness, or more properly, the system it is running
might have feeling and consciousness. There is an amusing discussion
along these lines in *Godel, Escher, Bach* by Hofstadter, pp.
314-333, about Aunt Hillary, an ant colony which is intelligent and
can understand things at the human level even though the ants that
make her up cannot. This is very similar to Searle's Chinese room, if
I understand it right. The system as a whole can have properties not
possessed by its parts.
The idea of trying to build "feeling" into a computer system would
make a great topic for research, in my estimation (speaking from the
standpoint of having a PhD in computer science that is, though I
haven't been too active in the field in recent years), provided, of
course, we aren't worried too much about the "civil rights" issue.
(This is a non-trivial issue, though, if we are going to take
seriously the prospect that our computer programs might be able to
experience pleasure or pain.) I remember that, some years ago, Terry
Winograd did a dissertation on a program that conversed in English.
With great difficulty, it was possible to design a program that could
converse reasonably well about a "blocks world" type of toy universe.
But this creation could not be extended in any easy way--we do not
today (a quarter-century later) see programs that converse in fluent
English about the real world, and seem just like normal humans (i.e.
pass the Turing Test). As far as I can tell, Winograd approached his
project as one involving *language* directly and not a system that
*uses* language because of wants or needs it has. That latter
approach would be quite fruitful, I think, and may have been
attempted a few times already, but probably we could do better
if we tried harder, without having to wait for more advanced
As a start, I would advocate thinking about goal-seeking (or
avoiding) systems. These can be created artificially, and they
certainly bear a resemblance to systems in the natural world
(biological organisms) that we credit with consciousness. We
might try to create a reasonably general theory
of goal-seeking systems. Some questions then
come to mind. What are the kinds of "goals" we would study? For
instance, we might focus on the outside world, but that is a big
place and, I think, the wrong place to start looking if we want to
study consciousness. We should instead look inside our prospective
conscious device to see what is happening there. What is
"goal-seeking" from an internal standpoint? Is it reducible to
maximizing a number stored in a certain, designated place, for
instance? If not what additional features should we consider, if we
used that idea as a starting point? etc.
Again, I'm sure these thoughts have occurred to other people, and
I'd guess there is already a substantial literature. In fact, I'd be interested
in references anybody may have.
Mike Perry
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global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12059 | Thursday, March 06, 2008
Courage Under Fire
The familiar tone of voice: "Kate." It's a little low, a little drawn out, and there's a definite negative tinge to it.
This was a recurring dread in my childhood. I was always in trouble. Big things (fighting in school), little things (taking my sister's sweater without asking), stupid things (not putting my shoes away after being asked to more than once).
Sure, in the end, I turned out fine, and my parents can breathe a sigh of relief that although I turned out to be a Democrat, I do write my thank you notes, ask before I borrow things, and play well with others. But because of my long history as a trouble maker, I tend to cringe when I hear someone say, "Let's talk about this." I know it's constructive criticism to help me do my job better, but there's that innate voice that says, "Quick! You're in trouble! Make up an excuse!"
Since I started my career I have always known that it's better to find out you're doing something wrong than to let a mistake fester. And yet, when one of my emails to my boss with a report on a project was replied to with "Drop by and let's go over this in my office," my inner self had to repress the panic.
Do not be scared by this, I told myself. And I spent the morning working on that project, cleaning it up, marking down specific points to discuss, and preparing for the meeting. And it went well--there was no reason to panic. We went over the numbers, and some of the problems I had related to my inexperience on this task; some of the problem was that I didn't have access to all of the information I needed. And I made sure to ask at the end if I had done well enough. Since at my last job, feedback was non-existent until my unexpected "performance review," I make it a priority to talk to my boss about my performance. And according to her, I'm doing fine.
I have my corrections to make, instructions to follow, and a better understanding of the project. There was really nothing to be scared of. So I'm going back to fix the project, and hopefully, the next time I hear "Let's Talk," the imaginary panic monster will stay hidden under the bed.
1 responses:
Ian Selvarajah said...
Ha ha! I know the feeling!! I knew I was in trouble when my old boss used to say: "Ian, can I speak to you in my office for a minute?". It was like going to the principal's office in high school...(I was also always in trouble!)
Asking for feedback from people who are older and smarter than you is always a good thing. A lot of people say GenY has grown up on constant praise from our parents, so it's good to get a "reality check" from a somewhat objective 3rd party every once in a while!
All opinions expressed are the sole responsibility of the author. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12082 | inventions inventions inventions inventions
Yazu Arithmometer - Invented by Ryoichi Yazu
Ryoichi Yazu-Yazu Arithmometer
: 1902
: Japan
: Instruments
About Invention
Roichi Yazu (1874-1905) was a very clever inventor in many fields ranging from the dictionary to airplanes. In 1902 he invented a mechanical calculating machine and a patent was granted to him in 1903. This machine was a kind of hybrid between the pinwheel type and the Soroban.
In 1902 he incorporated the company YAZU JIDO SOROBAN ( Yazu Automatic Soroban) in Tokyo. The machine was named Patented Yazu Arithmometer, and 200 units were manufactured. However he dropped the project when he decided to build an airplane with an equipped engine. He invested all his money in this project.
Yazu Patent 6010(1903)When he passed away, his father tried to improve the machine but had no success with the business. Nobody remembered his calculating machine.
One machine was found in 1977 by Mr. A.Uchiyama (IBM) in the house of Yazu's sister descendants.
Invention Images
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Other inventions in Instruments |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12102 | 1. Gold Mountain
Script by Serge Le Tendre - Art by Olivier TaDuc
In the second half of the 19th century, a Chinese man wanders the plains of the American West. In the first volume, John Chinaman lands in San Francisco, tasked by the Elders of Canton with disciplining the local Triads. But this mission will be his last. From now on, his fate will be irrevocably tied to America’s westward expansion. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12115 | When Your Child Has Tinnitus
Our Library at a quick glance:
Nose and Mouth
Head and Neck
This condition is not uncommon in the pediatric population. Although tinnitus in children is as common as in the adult population, children generally do not complain spontaneously of having tinnitus. Researchers believe that the child with tinnitus considers the noise in the ear to be a normal event, as it has usually been present for a long period of time. A second explanation of this discrepancy lies in the fact that the child may not distinguish between the psychological impact of the tinnitus and its medical significance.
Continuous tinnitus can be annoying and distracting, and in severe cases it can cause psychological distress and interfere with your child's ability to lead a normal life. The good news is that most children with tinnitus seem to eventually outgrow the symptom. It is unusual to see a child carry the problem into adulthood.
If you think your child has tinnitus:
You should first arrange an appointment with your family physician or pediatrician. If the child does not have a specific problem with the ears such as middle ear inflammation with thick discharge then it may be necessary to have your child referred to an otolaryngologist or ear, nose, and throat specialist.
What treatment your child may be offered.
Most people, including children, who are diagnosed with tinnitus find that there is no specific problem underlying their tinnitus. Consequently, there is no specific medicine or operation to 'cure' tinnitus. However, experts suggest that the following steps be taken with the child diagnosed with tinnitus:
(2) Explain that he/she may feel less distressed by their tinnitus in the future: Many children find it helpful to have their tinnitus explained carefully to them and to know about ways to manage it. This is partly due to a medical concept known as "neural plasticity,"resulting in children's brains being more able to change their response to all kinds of stimulation. If it is carefully managed, childhood tinnitus may not be a serious problem.
(3) Use sound generators or provide background noise: Sound therapy has been used to treat adults with tinnitus for some time, and can also be used with children. Sound therapy aims to make tinnitus less noticeable. If tinnitus occurs on a regular basis, then the child's nervous system can, with soundtherapy, adapt to the condition. The sound can be environmental, such as a fan or quiet background music.
(4) Have hearing-impaired children wear hearing aids: A child with tinnitus and a hearing loss may find that hearing aids can help improve the tinnitus. Hearing aids do this by picking up sounds your child may not normally hear, which in turn will help their brain filter out their tinnitus. It may also help them by taking the strain out of listening. Straining to hear can make your child's brain focus on the tinnitus noises.
(5) Helping your child to sleep with debilitating tinnitus: Severe tinnitus may lead to sleep difficulties for the young patient. Ask your otolaryngologist the best strategy to adopt when the child cannot sleep.
Finally, help your child to relax. Some children believe their tinnitus gets worse when they are under stress. Discuss appropriate stress relieving techniques with your pediatrician or family physician.
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Caring for Your Mother's Day Gift
The flowers and plants have been sent you may have even seen Mom’s face when she received them, but how to keep the memory alive begins right away by cherishing the moment through careful tending to that floral gift, here’s how.
Some people call caring for flowers conditioning flowers. This isn’t as daunting as it seems as all it really means is keep your flowers alive and fresh for as long as possible so you can enjoy them to their maximum. Here is a simple guide to making the most of your gift.
Unlikely Methods for Keeping your Flowers Fresh after Mother’s Day
There are so many myths that surround keeping your floral gift fresher for longer. For instance does a copper penny keep cut flowers fresh? Or is the little packet of flower food a safer bet? How about the old favorite an aspirin?
Other queries include what water temperature is best for your flowers and how can you keep the lifespan of your flowers to their maximum? Often old wives tales are based on scientific fact. Here we show how and why these tricks work.
Copper Penny, Aspirin, and Other Alternatives to Chemical Flower Food
Flower Food
Copper Penny
Aspirin is an acid and helps to kill bacteria overgrowth. If you don’t have any to hand add 2 tablespoons of lemon juice or vinegar to 1 quart of water. The idea here is the same as with aspirin, since lemon juice and vinegar are acidic.
Other Helpful Hints and Tips
Place cut flowers in cold water, not warm! Warm water dehydrates flowers. Believe it or not but by placing cut flowers in the refrigerator for six hours before arranging them can help triple their lifespan. Hot water up to 110-200 degrees Fahrenheit is recommended to restore very wilted flowers the hotter water is for the more wilted flowers. When filling your vase there is no need for the water go higher on the stems than six inches. It’s also good practice to recut the stems every few days. Remove all leaves and foliage below the water line. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12129 | Ankle Pronation
Pronation, also known as eversion is the term used to refer to the manner of movement of the foot when you are walking or running. Pronation, in itself, isn’t entirely a negative word. Naturally, you can walk, run or stand because of even distribution of your weight around your foot. This is also an aspect … Continued |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/12143 | The Largest Insect Ever Was a Giant "Dragonfly"
Fossil of a Meganeuridae
The largest known insect of all time was a predator resembling a dragonfly but was only distantly related to them. Its name is Meganeuropsis, and it ruled the skies before pterosaurs, birds and bats had even evolved.
Most popular textbooks make mention of “giant dragonflies” that lived during the days before the dinosaurs. This is only partly true, for real dragonflies had still not evolved back then. Rather than being true dragonflies, they were the more primitive ‘griffinflies’ or Meganisopterans. Their fossil record is quite short. They lasted from the Late Carboniferous to the Late Permian, roughly 317 to 247 million years ago.
The fossils of Meganeura were first discovered in France in the year 1880. Then, in 1885, the fossil was described and assigned its name by Charles Brongniart who was a French Paleontologist. Later in 1979, another fine fossil specimen was discovered at Bolsover in Derbyshire.
Meganisoptera is an extinct family of insects, all large and predatory and superficially like today’s odonatans, the dragonflies and damselflies. And the very largest of these was Meganeuropsis. It is known from two species, with the type species being the immense M.permiana. Meganeuropsis permiana, as its name suggests is from the Early Permian.
There has been some controversy as to how insects of the Carboniferous period were able to grow so large.
• Oxygen levels and atmospheric density.
The way oxygen is diffused through the insect's body via its tracheal breathing system puts an upper limit on body size, which prehistoric insects seem to have well exceeded. It was originally proposed hat Meganeura was able to fly only because the atmosphere at that time contained more oxygen than the present 20%.
• Lack of predators.
Other explanations for the large size of meganeurids compared to living relatives are warranted. Bechly suggested that the lack of aerial vertebrate predators allowed pterygote insects to evolve to maximum sizes during the Carboniferous and Permian periods, perhaps accelerated by an evolutionary "arms race" for increase in body size between plant-feeding Palaeodictyoptera and Meganisoptera as their predators.
• Aquatic larvae stadium.
Another theory suggests that insects that developed in water before becoming terrestrial as adults grew bigger as a way to protect themselves against the high levels of oxygen.
Interesting Facts
• Though always associated with the modern-day dragonflies due to their appearance, considering the various structural and other characteristic differences between them, these insects were often classified as griffinflies.
• It was one of the largest known insects that ever lived, with a reconstructed wing length of 330 millimetres (13 in), an estimated wingspan of up to 710 millimetres (28 in), and a body length from head to tail of almost 430 millimetres (17 in)."
• The term 'Meganeura' means large-veined, and these insects had similar vein patterns in their wings. However, the vein patterns found in the wings of dragonflies usually vary.
• It is believed that their hunting and preying methods were quite similar to those of modern-day dragonflies. However, it may have attacked many more organisms owing to its larger size.
• Their large eyes made it possible for them to watch out for prey while the spine on their legs enabled them to get hold of it.
• Their wings had a network of veins. Moreover, they were heavily veined and had cross braces for strength unlike those of the present-day dragonflies that have delicate wings.
• The male insects would mate by taking hold of the female with the help of appendages in the front.
• They believe that it was impossible for the massive bodies of these insects to survive in the present-day atmospheric conditions and that this may have led to their extinction. (The oxygen content in today's atmosphere is up to 21% and back in the Carboniferous period, it was up to 35%.)
• The breathing mechanism of these insects allowed the passage of air through a system of tracheal tubes, transporting the oxygen directly to the internal tissues.
• Also, giant dragonflies were actually seen as gigantic creatures when compared to their living relatives, mainly due to the size of their wingspan rather than their bodies which were smaller than living species of some other groups.
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