id
stringlengths 50
55
| text
stringlengths 54
694k
|
|---|---|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43436 | Monday, October 11, 2010
It's blurry every where I go .. It's dark .. it's empty and it's shallow ..The disorder is eating me alive .. I keep fighting, wresliing, gaining nothing but bitterness and sadness .. There's no way out .. It's very hard this time .. Everything feels so numb, so out of life .. Crawling is the word, fatigure is the act, my mind is the place ..
This upper box of mine needs some cracking, some banging, some breaking ..
These thoughts of mine needs some elimination, enervation, starvation ..
Lots of work to do, constant headaches and stomach aches ..
Deeply falling, hardly rising and eternally confusing ..
I don't have to make any sense, I know .. Just venting is my way to go ..
Pain eats me, death awaits me .. with no one 'knowing how' to save me ..
Sorry for myself is the word, constantly crying is the act, and my mental sanctuary is the place ..
.. N.O.H.A ..
1. Noha,
I can't possibly relate more. I was currently about to publish such a post, but then this seemed perfect to fit my state more .. I'm so re-sharing this on my blog.
PS: I love your blog <3
2. I have to admit, I find it very strange when someone leaves a comment like this to what I call, "A useless piece of babbling, a.k.a crap" :)))
I can't thank you enough, and you can't imagine how your comment has made my day!
All I can tell you is that you have just assured me that I must keep on speaking my heart no matter what.
Thank you endlessly! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43451 | I’VE gone right off Boris, he’s ruined my 84th birthday by having a General Election on the same day.
Seriously, the voting system we currently have, i.e. ‘First Past the Post’ is a very flawed way of deciding who should represent us in Parliament.
The majority of seats are, on the face of it, a ‘two horse race’ with the lesser parties having no chance at all. This in effect, disenfranchises many voters and leads to the inevitable decision many make, of not voting at all.
So what to replace it with? To me the answer is simple, the Single Transferable Voting System. Here the voter ranks the Candidates in order of Preference. For Example – Joe Dodds “1” Simple Simon “2”
Dodgy Dick “3” and so on down the list of candidates. If you don’t want to choose more than one or two candidates say, you have the right to ignore the others. Using STV ensures that your choices count far more than they can under FPTP.
At the count, at the end of the first round of counting, the candidate with least number of 1’s drops out and his second preferences are added to the remaining candidates.
This carries on with a candidate dropping out at each round until the winner emerges.
Now I come to the most controversial elements. The voting franchise should be granted to ALL 16 & 17-year-olds. To those who complain they are too young to understand politics, this is nonsense. I know many older voters who haven’t a clue and they have been voting for years. For them to say, as many do, 16 and 17-year-olds are too young to understand is sheer hypocrisy.
The second element and one that some will raise their hands in horror at, is compulsory voting.
Each voting paper would have an option None of the Above. This follows the Australian method that has been in use for some time now.
There have been examples where those who chose not to vote, badly skewed the result in that they outnumbered those who did vote. I wonder what the EU referendum result would have been if the 13 million who did not vote had voted.
There is no way of telling, but it would have been a truer reflection of the wishes of the whole of the UK Electorate.
Ewen Simpson, Northwich |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43454 | 3D Mammograms
Early detection is the best defense you have against breast cancer.
Low-dose breast tomosynthesis, or 3D mammography, at Novant Health UVA Health System creates 3D breast scans that help doctors detect breast cancer earlier than previously possible.
Early detection is the best defense you have against breast cancer.
How Low-Dose Breast Tomosynthesis Works
Traditional Mammograms
Traditional mammography is two-dimensional (2D), or flat. Breast tissue is made up of pockets of dense tissue surrounded by fat. On a mammogram, the tissues overlap and this can mimic or even hide breast cancer.
3D Mammograms
With three-dimensional mammography, a computer produces a 3D image of your breast tissue. This reduces the need for you to return for extra images with a diagnostic mammogram and may help improve breast cancer detection.
• At Novant Health UVA Health System, you'll get low-dose breast tomosynthesis. A computer performs a 3D mammogram and additionally creates a traditional 2D mammogram from the 3D scan, which gives doctors more data than they'd get with just a traditional 2D mammogram.
• Low-dose breast tomosynthesis reduces your amount of radiation exposure compared with traditional tomosynthesis (which requires taking separate 2D and 3D mammograms); because the computer creates the 2D mammogram from the 3D scan, you don't also have to take a traditional 2D mammogram.
• During the 3D exam, the X-ray arm of the machine sweeps over the breast and takes multiple images in seconds.
• The procedure takes about as long as a traditional mammogram.
Will It Hurt? You may experience some discomfort or pain, similar to what you'd feel with a traditional mammogram.
What Kind of Radiation Exposure is There? With low-dose breast tomosynthesis, the radiation exposure is about equal to that of a standard mammogram.
Who Should Get a Low-dose Tomosynthesis Exam?
• All women can benefit from 3D mammography.
• For about 90 percent of women, breast cancer detection is improved by using 3D mammography (by about 30 percent over traditional 2D mammography).
• For the remaining 10 percent of women with extremely dense breast tissue, 3D mammography doesn't significantly improve breast cancer detection, but it does reduce false-positive recalls (by about 15-30 percent compared with 2D mammograms).
3-D is available at a Novant Health UVA Health System Culpeper Medical Center, Haymarket Medical Center and Prince William Medical Center. Talk to your doctor to see if this new technology is right for you.
Many insurance providers do cover the costs of 3D mammograms. We recommend you contact your insurance provider for more information regarding coverage. There's an $95.00 self-pay fee for 3D mammography. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43464 | How to Survive a Stampede
Credit...Illustration by Radio
“Don’t just do what the person next to you does,” says Caesar Saloma, a physics professor at the University of the Philippines who studies the movement of mice escaping confined spaces. In some ways, mice stampede as humans do: Individuals blindly follow one another, clogging some exits and ignoring others. In July, as officials prepared for the Pope’s visit and an outdoor mass for upward of six million people, Saloma was asked to work on the crowd-control plan.
Make a mental map of any crowded venue you enter. “Figure out where the exits are,” says Saloma, whose research involves observing how mice escape from pools of water they are dropped into. At first mice tend to herd, but on later occasions they find all available routes and exit up to seven times faster. You won’t get a practice run, so take a few minutes before your concert or baseball game and visualize an emergency evacuation. “Step by step, what would you do?” Saloma says.
At very high densities of seven or more people per square meter, crowds can resemble fluids, developing, for example, powerful waves that exceed 1,000 pounds of force. Many stampede fatalities result not from trampling but from compressional asphyxia, in which people are squeezed to death upright or in a pileup. Beware of bottlenecks like doorways, where multidirectional pushing can cause a semicircle of bodies packed so tightly that none can move.
Human stampedes occur most often at religious and sporting events. If your faith or fandom permits, skip the most crowded gatherings. “It’s not a bad idea to be a little claustrophobic,” Saloma says. Still, groups are capable of what scientists call self-organization, in which leaderless order emerges spontaneously, as among schooling fish. Researchers cannot experiment on real human stampedes, so it is hard to know what impromptu coordination arises in a crush. But Saloma sees his mice do it. The experienced animals queue up instead of scrambling over one another and escape faster as a result. “We’ve never seen a mouse step aside like a gentleman to let another go first,” he says. “But they do work collectively.” |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43470 | October 1st, 2010 by Lincoln Baxter III
Spring to Java EE – A Migration Experience
So Java EE 6 is out, and you’ve decided to give it a go. You’re trying to port an existing application over to the new stack (or are trying to create a new one for the first time,) but exceptions are bursting through the seams and you just can’t seem to get things to work. If you’re familiar with Spring and Hibernate (with all the joy that is OpenSessionInView or OpenSessionInConversation,) more than likely the problems you’re having are related to the Java Persistence API (JPA), combined with Enterprise Java Beans (EJB). Contexts and Dependency Injection (CDI) should be a familiar face if coming from Spring, but things are subtly different in the world of Java EE.
Disclaimer: I work for JBoss and participate in creating some of the technologies I describe.
The trouble you’re having, however, is most likely due to the fact that you’re actually trying to solve problems that don’t need to be solved. When I first made the switch to Java EE 6 from Spring – for my own personal project – Spring’s dozens of extensions, and using Hibernate Object Relational Mapping (ORM) directly, managing transactions myself, I was trying to do things “the Spring way,” in other words – configuring everything up the wazoo, but let me try to explain some things for you that should help clear the fuzz of attempting to migrate to Java EE; they are things I ran in to, and would likely happen to others as well.
Before you start, go ahead and download your application server of choice, which at this point should probably be one of either: JBoss AS 7, or GlassFish 3.x. (I recommend AS7 not because I have to, but because I believe it is currently the top of the line app-server.)
The biggest difference you’ll find is, “Java EE already does that for you.”
Nearly every application requires the same set of basic features: persistence, transactionality, (dependency injection is typically assumed at this point,) and a web-tier view-layer or web-services. The first thing I have to say is: “Don’t freak out when I say Enterprise Java Beans (EJB)” – they’ve truly become a system worthy of attention, and if you’re going to take advantage of the Java EE stack, you’re going to want them around; EJB 3.1 today is miles apart from what it once was, can be used standalone in WARs, and requires just one annotation to configure – soon, with JBoss AS 7, Enterprise Java Beans may simply be an extension built on CDI, like everything else.
To start, I’ll review some of the problems I encountered and solved during my first transition between the Spring and Java EE 6 technologies; most – if not all – of these were due to my lack of technical understanding, the mindsets are truly very different; the results are striking.
Configuring the System – “It’s all just XML in the end.”
This one is simple. Where Spring has /WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml files of various types, Java EE has various distinct configuration files for each API in the framework WAR. Some of these files are required to activate the API, but some are not. The following chart overviews the most common of these configuration files – there is more to Java EE, but chances are these are all you’ll need to get started. Be careful! If these files are in the wrong place, you will not have a working system!
Java EE API Config File Location Required to Enable
Java Persistence API /META-INF/persistence.xml Yes
Enterprise Java Beans WAR /WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xml No
Java Server Faces /WEB-INF/faces-config.xml No
Contexts & Dependency Injection /WEB-INF/beans.xml Yes
Web Configuration /WEB-INF/web.xml No
JAX-RS (REST Web Services) /WEB-INF/web.xml No
You should also know that most of these files require some sort of schema, or “XML header” that tells the Application Server (JBoss Application Server, GlassFish, Etc…) which version of the technology to use, since most APIs attempt some level of backwards compatibility. This is similar to including new schemas in Spring’s applicationContext.xml.
EJBs can be defined via annotations alone, and require no configuration file in order to enable them. JAX-RS is similar, since no configuration file is required when using a Java EE 6 certified Application Server such as JBoss Application Server, everything can be specified through annotations once it is enabled.
Configuration of modules in JAR files:
One of the greatest features of Java EE APIs is the ability to break application code into separate reusable JAR files – where each individual JAR contributes configuration and code to the system they are included in; for instance, you might run multiple applications for your business, but each one must have the same data access providers. You’d create a shared domain-model JAR file and include it in each application. All the configuration would be contained in that JAR, and would be done using the same set of configuration files, placed in the JAR’s META-INF directory:
Java EE API Config File Location Required to Enable
Java Persistence API /META-INF/persistence.xml Main app must include own config file.
Enterprise Java Beans WAR /META-INF/ejb-jar.xml No
Java Server Faces /META-INF/faces-config.xml No
Contexts & Dependency Injection /META-INF/beans.xml Yes
Web Configuration /META-INF/web-fragment.xml No
JAX-RS (REST Web Services) /META-INF/web-fragment.xml No
Note that some of the file names are different from those that are used in the main application itself.
The Application Server Configuration
In addition to the application configuration, one of the most notable differences between Spring and Java EE is that you actually need to know how to use the application server itself. Spring replaces application server configuration with application configuration (sometimes more convenient, sometimes less convenient, but the same result in the end.) In order to use JPA and transactions (covered later,) you will want to know how to use the transactional data-source feature of the Java Enterprise Application Server, since it makes setting up transactions as simple as writing a plain Java class with an annotation.
Keep in mind that each of these configuration files may have a different syntax and format, since they are produced by different companies. These files should be used to configure settings that must exist in order for the application to run, and should be considered a natural extension to the Java EE module configuration files.
JBoss Application Server Documentation can be found here, online.
Container Configuration File
JBoss AS 6 – General Config /WEB-INF/jboss-web.xml
JBoss AS 6 – Data Source Config ${JBOSS_HOME}/server/default/deploy/*-ds.xml (must be placed in the actual JBoss server deploy directory, more info can be found here.)
Sun GlassFish v3 AS – General Config /WEB-INF/sun-web.xml
Sun GlassFish v3 AS – Data Source Config You must use the asadmin command to process a sun-resources.xml, use asadmin to explicitly define a data source, or create a data source in the web-admin console.
If your application depends on a transactional data source, this is the place to define it – preventing manual configuration of the application server, which can be a very repetitive, monotonous task. This configuration usually only needs to happen once per-server, and allows you to keep database passwords secret, data sources controlled and separate, and JMS queues centralized; though, if you want a standalone application/data-source configuration, then you should think about using these custom configuration files.
Contexts & Dependency Injection for Java – aka Beans
Where spring has @Autowired, Java EE (CDI to be more specific) has @Inject. The parallel is really quite straight-forward, since every class in a WAR or JAR file (that has a beans.xml file!) is automatically a bean in CDI, any class can be provided or scoped using dependency injection, just like a bean that would be defined in applicationContext.xml in a Spring application.
Before we get started, though – remember that you need to create an empty /WEB-INF/beans.xml file, or your system will not start the CDI container. Technically, you can only inject beans that are themselves in a bean archive (not just any class). However, you can use a producer method to pull in a class from a non-bean archive and make it a bean (or you can use Seam XML to add beans that aren’t in an archive that has a beans.xml file.)
A simple CDI bean
public class UserCredentialsBean
Wait, that’s it? Well, you have a few more options when it comes to managing these beans and deciding how long they will “live,” or how long each bean instance will remain active.
Every bean can be assigned to a “scope,” which is really defining the context in which the bean is relevant. For example, it doesn’t make sense for a logged-in user’s authentication credentials (username/password) to be retained longer than that user’s session, so you would place the bean containing that information in the Session Scope (which is just a nice, clean way of saying that we are storing that information in the HttpSession object, and when the HttpSession object dies, so does everything in Session Scope for that user.) This is done using the @SessionScoped annotation.
A session scoped bean
public class UserCredentialsBean
In reality we would probably leave the details of authenticating users up to a framework like Seam Security, but just consider this as an example.
There are also several more built-in scopes:
Annotation Lifespan Contextual Object
@RequestScoped From the beginning to the end of each individual HTTP request. HttpServletRequest
@ConversationScoped Begins when the request begins and ends when the request ends and the conversation is not in a long-running state. Calling conversation.begin() states intent for the scope to perpetuate to additional requests. Calling conversation.end() marks the conversation to end on the when the current request ends – but note that if the session is terminated, all active conversations will also be terminated. HttpSession
@SessionScoped From the first request starting when httpServletRequest.getSession() method is called, to the last request when httpSession.invalidate() is called. HttpSession
@ApplicationScoped For the entire duration of the running application; from post-server startup, to pre-shutdown. ServletContext
@Dependent (default) Controlled by the object in which it was @Injected. If @Injected into a @SessionScoped bean, for example, the @Dependent bean will also be @SessionScoped. This means that there can be multiple separate instances of the same @Dependent bean that are @RequestScoped, or any other scope for that matter. This is similar to, but not quite the same as Spring’s @Prototype scope. *** The bean into which this bean was injected.
Other custom scopes can be created as needed, and some frameworks such as the Seam Faces Module even provide additional scopes for you. But let’s look at how we inject an instance of our UserCredentialsBean into another bean.
Injecting one bean into another
public class AuthorizationBean
private UserCredentialsBean credentials;
These are the basics; no configuration required. We can also scope the AuthorizationBean in order to control how long that lives as well, but we have a very subtle issue going on here.
Scoping a bean to control lifecycle
public class AuthorizationBean
private UserCredentialsBean credentials;
We are injecting a @SessionScoped bean into an @ApplicationScoped bean, which in Spring, might cause two problems. We’ll see, though, that these problems have already been solved in Java EE:
1. In Spring, when the the AuthorizationBean is created, there may not be any active user sessions, and the container may not be able to create the UserCredentialsBean dependency – resulting in a nasty exception. In CDI, however, the container knows that it will not be able to get a @SessionScoped object at that point in the life-cycle, so it waits until the credentials are accessed until it attempts to get an instance of UserCredentialsBean. If you access that object outside of the active scope, you’ll still get an exception, but that’s a different problem, one that can easily be solved with good application design. (In other words, “you shouldn’t be doing that.”)
2. In Spring, when the @ApplicationScoped AuthorizationBean is created, assuming that it can get a hold of our @SessionScoped UserCredentialsBean, the instance that is injected will be the instance that remains for the life of the bean into which it assigned. This means that the same UserCredentialsBean will be used for all invocations and processing in our single instance of the AuthorizationBean, and that’s most likely not what we want, there would be some pretty nasty bugs (users sharing permissions, etc.) The problem can be solved by turning the bean into a “dynamic-proxy,” in the Spring configuration. In CDI, however, this is again taken care of us already, since the container knows that @SessionScoped beans may not live as long as an @ApplicationScoped bean, and that there may be more than one active Session. CDI will actually find the correct @SessionScoped UserCredentialsBean, and use that when performing operations on the parent bean, automatically making sure that the right objects are used. Sweet!
Interacting with Beans through Java APIs
If you are trying to get a handle to a bean while working in a part of the system that does not support dependency injection for some reason (@Inject in CDI, @Autowired in Spring), it’s sometimes required to ask the framework for a bean instance manually.
In Spring you can ask for an instance of a bean (an object that you can actually use to do some work,) using Java APIs – this assumes you’ve set up the appropriate listeners in your web.xml configuration.
Bean lookup - Spring
MyBean bean = ApplicationContext.getBean(“myBean”);
At first glance, you might think this is not possible using CDI, but really it would be more correct to say that it is not yet as convenient. There are technical reasons for this lack of convenience, but while I disagree with that aspect, I do understand the reason for doing things the way they were done.
In CDI, there is a concept of a @Dependent scoped bean, which adopts the scope of the bean into which it was injected. This means that when we use Java APIs to create a direct instance of a @Dependent scoped bean, that it will not be stored into a context object (the Request, Session, Application, or other common scope.) In other words, @PostConstruct methods will be called when the bean is created, but since there is no way for CDI to tell when the bean will be destroyed (because it is not stored in a context – which would normally take care of letting CDI know when to do its cleanup,) @PreDestroy annotated methods cannot be called automatically. You have to do this yourself, and for that reason the bean-creation process is slightly more complicated – though not that much more complicated – than in Spring; e.g: “With great power comes great responsibility.”
Before you read the following code, I quote from a CDI developer who agrees that things need to be simplified a little bit for convenience – so expect that in an upcoming release of CDI: “I can see that people are going to look at the instance creation code and say that CDI is too complicated. We’ve agreed that it’s lame that a utility method is not provided by CDI for those cases when the developer just has to use it.
CDI’s equivalent to the ApplicationContext is called the BeanManager, and can be accessed through JNDI or several other methods (the easiest method is to use the “JBoss Solder” or “DeltaSpike” projects which provide a BeanManagerAccessor.getBeanManager() static method very similar (but more generic) to Spring’s WebApplicationContext utility class:
Get BeanManager from Solder/DeltaSpike:
Get BeanManager from Solder/DeltaSpike
public BeanManager getBeanManager()
return BeanManagerAccessor.getManager();
Note: the “getBeanManager()” function is provided by the base class BeanManagerAware. Don’t worry about how this works for now, unless you want to get into JNDI and server specific stuff.
NOTE: This is the recommended way of accessing the BeanManager if you cannot use @Inject BeanManager directly. The below options are purely for example, and should be avoided if possible.
Get BeanManager from ServletContext (in a JSF request):non-standard
Right now this is non-standard, but works in most CDI implementations and is proposed for version 1.1.
Get BeanManager in a JSF environment
public BeanManager getBeanManager()
return (BeanManager) ((ServletContext) facesContext.getExternalContext().getContext())
Get BeanManager from ServletContext (in any Web Servlet Request): non-standard
Get BeanManager in a Servlet environment
public BeanManager getBeanManager(HttpServletRequest request)
return (BeanManager) request.getSession().getServletContext()
Get BeanManager from JNDI (does not require a Web Request): standard
Get BeanManager from JNDI
public BeanManager getBeanManager()
try {
InitialContext initialContext = new InitialContext();
return (BeanManager) initialContext.lookup("java:comp/BeanManager");
catch (NamingException e) {
log.error("Couldn't get BeanManager through JNDI");
return null;
Once we have a BeanManager, we can ask the container to give us an instance of a bean. This is the slightly more complicated part, but that complication is necessary; again, “with great power comes great responsibility.”
Instantiating a Bean using the BeanManager:
Don’t get scared, you only need to write this once and put it in a utility class (or use WeldX which provides this functionality already.)
Get a bean instance
public static <T> T getContextualInstance(final BeanManager manager, final Class<T> type)
T result = null;
Bean<T> bean = (Bean<T>) manager.resolve(manager.getBeans(type));
if (bean != null)
CreationalContext<T> context = manager.createCreationalContext(bean);
if (context != null)
result = (T) manager.getReference(bean, type, context);
return result;
Take warning, though, that the CreationalContext object this method creates before we can get a reference to the bean is the object that must be used when “cleaning up” or “destroying” the bean, thus invoking any @PreDestroy methods. (Note, because the method above is actually losing the handle to the CreationalContext object, it will not be possible to call @PreDestroy methods on @Dependent scoped objects, and there-in lies the reason why creating beans in CDI is slightly more involved, and why this convenience was omitted – in order to force people to decide for themselves how to handle behavior that might be very important architecturally.) This is the same issue that I mentioned above, when discussing cleaning up bean scopes.
Interacting with Beans through Custom Scopes
The best way to manage instances of objects is to access them via injection, not through the Java API; in fact, any time you find yourself needing access to a bean through a Java API, you should ask yourself why you are not operating within the realm of dependency management via @Inject. Frequently, you can fix the problem at the root – just like Seam Faces Module does for Java Server Faces (JSF) – by adding injection support in other user-objects such as validators, converters, and more, so that you can use injection with ubiquity. Or the Seam Wicket, Seam Servlet, Seam JMS, and other Seam modules.
Sometimes adding injection support this means registering a custom scope, which can sound complex, but is frequently as simple as attaching a bean scope to an existing contextual object such as the HttpSession for @SessionScoped, or the JSF UIViewRoot, for @ViewScoped in Seam Faces.
The “Java Persistence API” vs. “the Spring way”
Spring: First you set up a data-source in applicationContext.xml, then you set up a connection pool, then you configure Hibernate to use that connection pool as a data source, then you tell Hibernate where to get its transaction manager, then you need to set up a byte-code assist library (AoP) in order to enable cross-bean transactionality and security via annotations.
Not only is that a good bit confusing to work through (unless you’ve already done it a few times,) but when I started using the actual Spring setup, I got LazyInitializationExceptions all over the place because I didn’t first understand what a Hibernate session was, which took another few days to understand and get working – I’ll get back to that in a bit when I talk about Extended Persistence Contexts in Java EE – something you should be using if you can. In my opinion Spring did a tremendous disservice by trying to hide the persistence context as though it were just an adapter. The persistence context is crucial to how the ORM model works; you need both the entities and the persistence context in your toolbox in order to be successful.
Put the Spring configuration aside for a moment; now let’s talk about Java EE – all you need is /META-INF/persistence.xml, of which I’ve provided a quick working example below.
For the purposes of these examples, I’m going to assume that you are using JBoss AS 6, or have already installed Hibernate on GlassFish (which is very easy to do, and I recommend since trying to get my application to run on the default EclipseLink has given me a lot of problems when attempting to migrate from Hibernate; Hibernate is still the industry leader in terms of stability and functionality, in my opinion.)
<persistence-unit name="example">
<jta-data-source> java:/DefaultDS </jta-data-source>
<!-- Data source for GlassFish if you aren't using JBoss AS 6.0...
<!-- Properties for Hibernate (default provider for JBoss AS, must be installed on GlassFish) -->
<property name="hibernate.format_sql" value="false"/>
But where’s the configuration for transactions? Where do you set up database connections and connection pools? Well, transactions just work automatically if you are using a JTA data-source (more on that in a bit,) you can set up data-sources (and should set them up) in your application server configuration (meaning that since your data source configuration is not stored in the application itself, when your application is deployed it will use the data-source that is available on that server automatically,) and yes: “it’s that simple.” The mentality is a little different, but the end product is a much smaller, “weightless” application. You can set up data sources yourself, but for that you’ll need to read the documentation about your web application server. These files are typically kept separate in order to keep passwords out of your application source code or version control repository.
So great, we have persistence set up; but what about those Hibernate LazyInitializationExceptions that we all love to hate? We’ll talk about that in the next section, but this is where EJB’s come in, and again, don’t get scared. It’s really very simple to make an EJB, and once you learn what they actually do for you, I’d be surprised if you want to go back.
Here I’d like to mention that with the addition of a tool such as Seam 3‘s Persistence Module, you can use JPA and the PersistenceContext in standard CDI beans without EJB – Seam 3 also provides the same consolidated support for managed transactions, security, remoting, and messaging that is provided when you use EJB. Seam 3’s mission is to provide a unified programming model (standardized on CDI) to the Java Enterprise Framework.
As we continue, I’m going to assume a little familiarity with Object Relational Mapping in general, that you know you need to configure your data entities with annotations(or XML) so that the system knows how to map your data to the database. If you are familiar with Hibernate, then JPA should be no stretch by any means of imagination because Hibernate is a JPA implementation. In fact, you can use most of the same annotations!
A simple EJB
public class Service
This is an EJB with Persistence (that doesn't do anything)
public class Service
@PersistenceContext(type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED)
private EntityManager em;
This is an EJB that can save JPA entities to a database (a DAO)
public class Service
@PersistenceContext(type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED)
private EntityManager em;
public <T> void create(final T entity)
public <T> void delete(final T entity)
public <T> T findById(final Class<T> type, final Long id)
Class<?> clazz = getObjectClass(type);
return result = (T) em.find(clazz, id);
public <T> void save(final T entity)
That’s all it takes to create a service class that knows how to interact with the database, so assuming that you have a few @Entity classes defined, you’ll be good to go. If you want more information on getting started with Hibernate and JPA, you can start here. But wasn’t that simple? About 10 real lines of code and you’ve got a fully functional database access object. You do need to create actual @Entity objects to save to the database, but that’s for a separate tutorial.
Thanks to Dan Allen, I’ve attached a Maven project that includes an Arquillian-based test suite that you can study to get a greater handle on exactly what occurs when using a persistence context, both one that is transaction-scoped and one that is extended. This is exactly where Arquillian fills in nicely as a teaching tool. You can quickly make changes to the code and see how it affects the result…all in-container. You might want to take a look at this before continuing. You can download the lab here, unzip, open a terminal, and type: mvn test.
You can also import the project into your IDE and debug to get a visual sense of what’s going on, otherwise, the tests should be pretty revealing!
What about LazyInitializationException? (Persistence, Transactions, and the Conversation Scope)
The first thing you need to know about LazyInitializationException is that they occur when Hibernate (or another JPA-style ORM) attempts to load a collection or related data from an @Entity object that is no longer “managed.” What is a “managed” object?
To understand this term, we need to look back at how Hibernate and JPA work under the covers. Each time you ask for an object from the database, the system has some form of Session (Hibernate) or PersistenceContext (JPA) that is used to open connections, manage results, and decide whether or not the objects have been modified (which allows for clean/dirty state to determine when or when not to save objects back to the database.)
Introducing a failure situation:
Consider the scenario when an object is loaded from the database. This object has an ID, and holds a list of addresses that are associated with it.
Loading our person
Person person = service.getPerson(1);
Person is loaded from the database using a select statement like this:
The executed SQL
select from persons p where p.id = ?
But as you can see by the SQL query, we have not let loaded the addresses since associations and collections are typically be selected only when something attempts to access them, otherwise known as “Lazy” initialization:
Loading addresses
List<Address> addresses = person.getAddresses();
Here is when you have the chance for a LazyInitializationException, because this method call actually makes a secondary query to the database, requiring an open connection:
The executed SQL
select from addresses a where address.person_id = ?
That sounds fine, but let’s say for instance that a user does something on your website that triggers a Person object to be loaded from the database. Nothing special happens with this object, the application just loads it, reads some fields out of it, and goes on to the next page. When that next page is requested, we grab that same Person object that we loaded on the last page, try to pull more information out of it – for instance, the list of addresses that was not previously loaded, and oops! We got a LazyInitializationException - “Entity is not associated with a known PersistenceContext” What happened?
My object was just loaded, can’t the Session or PersistenceContext object just open a new connection to the database and get the information that I need? – The answer is “yes” it can, but not if that Session or PersistenceContext has already been destroyed, and the object is no longer associated with it! You are probably not using an “extended” persistence context. We need to dig deeper…
Understanding LazyInitializationException and the Extended PersistenceContext
First, we need to know a few things about “extended” Persistence Contexts:
• They live as long as the bean they are scoped to.
• Objects with dirty changes queued up in the context until a the transaction with which a persistence context is associated is committed. If a context is destroyed outside of the transaction, the changes are never propagated to the database. It’s the transaction that triggers the session flushing. Flushing can also happen in the middle of a transaction if Hibernate/JPA needs to run a query against the database based on the state of a managed entity (e.g., a where clause)
• Changes made to objects associated with the context are deferred from flushing if an un-handled exception is encountered. The changes will be flushed the next time a flush is attempted.
• While the extended PersistenceContext is alive, you will never get a LazyInitializationException from objects associated with that context, ever!
PersistenceContexts can be injected into @Stateless or @Stateful EJBs via the following annotation:
A stateful EJB with normal PersistenceContext
public class Service
private EntityManager em;
By default, this EntityManager (persistence context) will be scoped to the length of the transaction (which can be controlled by getting a handle to the user transaction and manually calling tx.begin() and tx.end(); however, if we add (type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED) to our injection point, we are now using extended persistence contexts, and that is what we probably wanted all along.
A stateful EJB with extended PersistenceContext
public class Service
@PersistenceContext(type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED)
private EntityManager em;
Use case: the @ApplicationScoped PersistenceContext (Bad practice)
Lets imagine for a moment that one single PersistenceContext is created for our entire application; the context is started when the server starts up, the context is never destroyed until the server shuts down, and all objects are held within that context. In other words, you’ll never get a LazyInitializationException, ever, because the context will always survive, and @Entity objects never lose their reference to it.
But also consider that you are running this as a web-application, multi-threaded, that services multiple users at the same time. Changes made by each user are queued in our extended context until the next transaction boundary, which might be as long as until the application shuts down (destroying the extended context,) at which point all changes made by all users are saved to the database and the transaction is committed.
That sounds pretty dangerous… and that’s what happens if you use an Extended PersitenceContext in an @ApplicationScoped bean. Objects associated with that PersistenceContext will stay around for the life the context itself, so obviously we must (sarcasm) need a PersistenceContext for each user, since we don’t want all changes being queued up and saved when the application shuts down – too many things could go wrong with that scenario.
The @ApplicationScoped Persistence Context will start when the application starts up, and it will be destroyed when the application shuts down. There may be multiple transactions (bound to the EJB business methods) that occur within the lifespan of this context.
Use case: the @SessionScoped PersistenceContext
Let’s now create a PersistenceContext for each user session. Not a horrible concept, and does actually have applicable uses! Each user gets their own PersistenceContext that holds @Entity references to objects from the moment the session is created until the moment the session is destroyed. They can interact with these objects, save, update change and delete objects without fear of stomping on anyone else’s changes, and their queued changes are saved when the transaction is committed at the end of the session (or any other time a transaction is committed).
The @SessionScoped persistence context will be created when the user’s session begins, and it will be destroyed when the user’s session is destroyed. There may be multiple transactions (bound to the EJB business methods) that occur within the lifespan of this context.
But what if you want more fine-grained control over transactions? What if session scope is too long? We don’t want our users making changes on the site that won’t be saved until they log out or their session expires! Can’t we control transaction boundaries ourselves? I want a the context be created when they click “Add to Cart,” continue queuing up more changes, and finally I want a transaction to be committed when they click “Confirm.” We need to look at @ConversationScoped persistence contexts.
But first, in your head, separate the idea of a persistence context and a transaction, since they are orthogonal. They work together, but the transaction is when the persistence context performs operations (sometimes automatically, like flushing); the persistence context is just a monitor and cache.
Also, think of an extended persistence context like a @Dependent object (except it is uses a proxy). It is bound to the lifetime of the EJB into which it is injected. A transaction-scoped (default) persistence context, in contrast, lives and dies by the transaction. So you get a new one each time a business method is invoked (basically, every time you use the EJB – stateless in a sense).
Use case: the @ConversationScoped PersistenceContext
Conversation scope provides exactly what we’re looking for, and the way this works might be bit scary at first, “you’ll think, how can the system possibly do all of this for me?” To which I’ll answer, the magic of using a @ConversationScoped extended PersistenceContext, is that your users’ data, and your users’ saved state as they navigate between pages are living in the same place, and for the same length of time. A match made in heaven!
Using the conversation scoped PersistenceContext
public class Service
@PersistenceContext(type = PersistenceContextType.EXTENDED)
private EntityManager em;
The first thing to know about @ConversationScoped beans is that by default, conversation scope beings when the request begins, and ends when the request ends and the conversation is not in a long-running state. The call to converstation.begin() only states intent for the scope to perpetuate. This means that a PersistenceContext injected into a conversation scoped bean will live by default for one request, but of the conversation is started, it will live until the end of the request when the conversation ends. (The reason it is kept alive until the end of the request is because usually the end of the request is when rendering is completed, and destroying information prematurely could result in errors during that render.)
The @ConversationScoped persistence context will be created with conversation.begin(), and will be destroyed at the end of the request on which conversation.end() is called. There may be multiple transactions (bound to the EJB business methods) that occur within the lifespan of this context.
Use case: the @RequestScoped and custom scoped PersistenceContext
It stands to be mentioned that an extended persistence context can be injected into a bean of any scope, and the same rules will apply. If @RequestScoped, for example, the context is created when the request begins, and is destroyed when the request ends; if custom scoped, the same is true: There may be multiple transactions (bound to the EJB business methods) that occur within the lifespan of any context, and when using an extended persistence context.
Going beyond EJB/JTA with Seam Persistence Module:
Seam 3 provides a Persistence module which provides a programming API for short-lived persistence contexts (not extended contexts,) much like what you would find in Spring. You can use declarative @Transactional(BEGIN) and @Transactional(END) methods, and the like, in addition to tying in extra security features, and the power of CDI extensions, interceptors and more. Check back on this blog or on Seam Framework.ORG for more updates on this module.
EJB – Why are my thrown Exceptions wrapped in an EJBException?
Systems using an ORM like hibernate will frequently utilize a Data Access Object (DAO) layer in which standard exceptions are used to reflect the outcome of common operations. Exceptions such as, NoSuchObjectException, or DuplicateObjectException, are common place. If the system relies on catching these exceptions to recover appropriately and continue functioning, developers switching to EJB may be surprised when it comes time to run their application; it quickly becomes apparent that the exceptions being thrown are not the exceptions that are expected – everything is wrapped in EJBException.
At first, you might think, “This is invasive, and tight coupling!” but you have to think about this from the perspective of a transaction-aware system. EJB handles JTA for you, meaning that if you get an exception, EJB needs to know when to roll back the transaction, and when not to; in order to facilitate this decision, EJB has the concept of an @ApplicationException.
“Application” exceptions versus “System” exceptions:
• An application exception is one that has meaning to the client/consumer of the services, and may affect error recovery, flow of logic, navigation, or any other use within the app.
• A system exception is one that represents a failure in the underlying services that cannot be recovered from, and should never be handled by the client/consumer (aside from very basic error handling like printing “500 – Something horrible just happened.”)
By default, every unchecked/RuntimeException thrown from an EJB service will be treated as a “System” exception, meaning that the transaction should be rolled back, and a complete failure has occurred; you cannot recover, and you should never catch an EJBException in order to make a decision, other than very basic error recovery – sending a user to a generic error page, for example, or restarting a web-flow / wizard.
So what about the exceptions that we do want to recover from, exceptions that we know should not affect the state of the current transaction? Well, in order for EJB to respect your wishes, you must tell it which exceptions have meaning in your application; therefore, the exception classes must either be annotated with @ApplicationException, or if you cannot chance the Exception source itself, you must list your exceptions in /WEB-INF/ejb-jar.xml (example below.)
Don’t worry, this doesn’t take too long if you have a good exception hierarchy; only the top-level exception must be configured because exception subclasses automatically inherit the configuration from their parent exception types.
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/ejb-jar_3_1.xsd">
Now your exceptions will be treated as transaction boundaries, or ignored depending on how you need your system configured. This prevents things like partial-commits, and combined with the conversation-scope (next section,) also prevents things like partial-commits from wizard interfaces.
Does it all make sense now? Do you know how to solve every problem? Probably not, but when it comes right down to it, using Java EE can be even simpler than using Spring, and take much less time. You just have to find the right guides and the right documentation (which is admittedly a severe sore-spot of Java EE; the documentation is still a work in progress, but is getting much better, save blogs like this one.) You have to turn to a vendor like JBoss, or IBM in order to get the use-case driven documentation you need, and they do have documentation, it’s just a matter of finding it.
Seam 3 in particular strives to give extensive user-documentation, hopefully making things much simpler to adopt, and easier to extend.
The main purpose of this article was not to bash Spring, although I may have taken that tone on occasion just for contrast and a little bit of fun. Both Spring and Java EE are strongly engineered and have strong foundations in practical use, but if you want a clean programming experience right out of the box – use Java EE 6 on JBoss Application Server 6 – JBoss Tools – and Eclipse. I will say, though, that the feeling I’ve gotten from the Spring forums vs the Java EE forums, is that there are far many more people willing to help you work through Java EE issues, and more available developers of the frameworks themselves to actually help you than there are on the Spring side. The community for Java EE is much larger, and much more supportive (from my personal experience.)
In the end, I did get my application migrated successfully, and despite these issues (from which I learned a great deal,) I am still happy with Java EE, and would not go back to Spring! But I do look forward to further enhancements from the JBoss Seam project, which continue to make developing for Java EE simpler and more fun.
Don’t believe me? Try it out. Find something wrong? Tell me. Want more? Let me know what you want to hear.
Shameless plugs for some other projects that I think you’ll find useful:
OCPsoft PrettyFaces and Rewrite – our own open-source tools for controlling the URL of your application, making pretty, bookmarkable URLs. The easiest (if I don’t mind saying, and I don’t) way of controlling URL parameters, query-parameters, and validating input that comes into your application through the URL. JBoss Arquillian – the single most inclusive and best Unit/Integration testing experience you will find in any application framework. Not only that, but it actually runs your code IN the container, so it’s being tested like it’ll actually be run in production.
Posted in Hibernate, Java, JSF2, OpenSource, Seam, Spring, Technology
1. Alexis MP says:
The line between Java EE 6 and extensions like Seam 3 is a bit blurry but that’s a nice article. Thanks for taking the time to write this.
Also, web.xml and faces-config.xml are optional in Java EE 6. persistence.xml and beans.xml are the only required descriptors.
1. Lincoln says:
Thanks for reading 🙂 I corrected the descriptors.
2. Roberto says:
Nice article! A small correction: the table listing all the built-in scopes talks about @DependentScoped, but the correct annotation name is @Dependent, as used later in the article.
1. Lincoln says:
Fixed, thank you 🙂
3. Great post. I think EJB, finally, have done things right.
4. Narsi says:
Great post
5. Donatas Čiukšys says:
Correction: JTA transactions are not bound by any Scoped anotations. A JTA transaction begins with the first EJB method annotated with Required attribute (default) or with RequiresNew. The transaction is commited automatically when returning from this method.
So no matter the scope of the bean (@RequestScoped or @SessionScoped) transactions will always be commited (and persistent context flushed) at the end of request. This is as it was in EJB 2.0, and stays the same in EJB 3.1. CDI does not change JTA semantics. Otherwise please include some references to pages in specifications.
1. Lincoln says:
Thanks for the clarification! I was in the process of correcting myself as you posted this 🙂
1. Donatas Čiukšys says:
What concerns PersistenceContext’s (extended) scope, you are absolutely correct. And @ConversationScoped extended PersistenceContexts are very handy in applications – you get JPA entity cache designated for a single conversation. No LazyInitializationException’s, yet memory consumption on the server (for JPA entity cache) is small – at the end of conversation entity cache is deleted.
The problem (or maybe “thanks god” 🙂 ) is that JTA container managed transactions are always request scoped. Actually you got me thinking whether I would like to have 30 minutes (session timeout) long transaction… Probably not 🙂 Not even conversation long transaction. Transactions should be as short as possible to consume as little DBMS resources as possible.
Good luck!
2. Lincoln says:
Hmm… well actually the transactions only last for the duration of the @Stateful/@Stateless EJB business method, so unless you are controlling transactions manually, they shouldn’t be around that long 🙂
3. Alberto Gori says:
Transactions normally start and end during the same request.
For an extended persistence context there is a nice trick, well known by Seam developers: you change the flush mode of the Hibernate session, disabling the auto-flushing feature at the beginning of the conversation, and manually forcing the flash at the end of the conversation.
So, transactions don’t waste DBMS resources and the user-operations are still atomic with nice isolation properties, like they were in a long transaction.
6. Doug says:
Are you in trouble if you suggest using Java EE out of the box instead of Hibernate? You’re working for RedHat you know 😉
Good article I already forward this as today’s mandatory reading for my team!
7. Pooria says:
Instead of using a conversation scoped persistence context to hold our conversation data (which seems hackish), I’m guessing it’s more natural to just use a conversation scoped object (without a persistence context) to keep our conversation data (e.g. a shopping cart class), and only in the end, when the conversation data needs to be persisted (e.g. user tries to buy the items in the shopping cart), we can use a the default and simple RequestScoped persistence context to take the required data (e.g. list of items in the cart) from the conversation scoped object (e.g. the shoppingCart) and try to validate/persist it.
What do you think bout this approach? Do you see any disadvantages?
And thanks for the great article.
1. Alberto Gori says:
@Pooria: your approach is likely to face the well known LazyInitializationException, and King Gavin (Hibernate and Seam creator) thought up to the conversation scope to avoid this exception.
Think to your flow: conversation begin and you load the user object from database. In the next page you access the user address list…and BANG! LazyInitializationException.
1. LaloZeke says:
select a EntityA a join FETCH a.bList b
another LazyException solution 😉
8. Daniel Cullender says:
Thanks for an interesting article!
We are currently running ejb 3.0 and spring side by side via the jboss-spring deployer.
One nice feature about spring is the @configurable annotation which basically spring configures any pojo without having to worry about configuring it inside the spring container (using aspects)
Does ejb 3.1 offer anything similar? (I see the BeanManager exists, but this does provide a good substitution). Furthermore, can @Asynchronous be used with any old pojo (like spring’s @async method) or does it only work for EJB components?
1. Daniel Cullender says:
correction : Does ejb 3.1 offer anything similar? (I see the BeanManager exists, but this does NOT provide a good substitution). Furthermore, can @Asynchronous be used with any old pojo (like spring’s @async method) or does it only work for EJB components?
1. henk says:
@Asynchronous is specifically for EJBs, but don’t forget that every simple POJO can be made into an EJB by just adding the @Stateless annotation to it.
So in a way, yes, in some way POJOs can use @Asynchronous 😉
9. dont get it says:
So what jars do i need to include in my Maven POM so i can deploy the JEE 6 persistence on Tomcat or some other non JEE 6 container? Or do i need to constantly upgrade my entire server farm to the latest greatest application server software (most likely for a massive fee) just for the pleasure of doing what i can do with a few simple jars with Spring?
1. Lincoln says:
Since when does open-source cost a massive fee? You’re going to pay the same price if you pay VMWare for support on the Spring stack, as if you pay a company for support on Java EE. No difference there, sorry 😉
1. henk says:
Indeed, a still don’t get why Spring fans keep using this argument of Java EE supposedly being so massively expensive.
Last time I looked Glassfish, Geronimo, JBoss AS etc could all be downloaded without paying anyone a penny. In case of Glassfish the download size is even smaller than if you downloaded everything you needed to build a complete application server with Spring.
Java EE has many totally free (gratis) and fully open source implementations, which are also used a lot.
2. Lincoln says:
And it’s worth mentioning that Spring actually takes individual pieces of Java EE and re-assembles them, so you’re still using Java EE. Java EE is still the core, and Spring is still the extension, it’s important not to forget that.
2. Lincoln says:
I quote from a friend who sent me an email in response instead of commenting:
“One phrase: web profile (or JBoss’s slightly perfected web profile)
I would simply point over to (or quote) Adam Bien. He’s whole “what does lightweight really mean” entries are great.
Also Gavin’s “You should update to Java EE 6”
And Cay
I absolutely agree that bloated runtimes and runtimes which are slow to load suck. But I don’t want to have to bring the whole internet with me just to deploy (because that slows down the deployment process). It’s about striking a happy balance, and that’s the web profile :)”
10. Jacek says:
Well, here’s the problem…I still fail to see a single advantage EE6 has over Spring. It’s just different annotations/config files that look very similar to the Spring ones, so what’s the benefit for an existing app? None.
And here is the big one: with Spring we run our app in Jetty and can use the excellent Maven/Jetty integration for unit testing.
With EE6 I need one of those big, clumsy app containers like Glassfish, JBoss or Weblogic.
No thanks: I’d rather stay agile and lightweight with Jetty. Only Spring allows us that.
1. Lincoln says:
Big, clumbsy… embedded? I never said Java EE had advantages over Spring; I simply said it did things differently, and did some things for you 🙂 When you get right down to it, the level of work is just about the same.
With regards to easy testing:
Heh, times are changing. Yeah it’s a little bit of up-front work, but as it says in the article, “the benefits are clear.”
2. henk says:
Well for me this is the other way around. I fail to see a single advantage Spring has over Java EE 6. The other way around the same thing really holds; Spring is very similar to Java EE, just with a different API. All our existing apps are Java EE based (5 and now 6) and we’re very happy with it.
Why should I migrate those to Spring?
11. henk says:
Very nice and very useful article! I’ll bookmark this for sure for later reference.
One small addition about the data source config. You say the following about this:
>must be placed in the actual JBoss server deploy directory
But this is not completely true. You can also include the config file in your application code by creating a jboss-app.xml in META-INF and referencing the file there. This is handy for people who like their application archives to be as self-contained as possible.
Of course, for some organizations or team structures it’s better to have the data sources (and actually other config files like JMS queues) defined in the JBoss AS installation itself on each server where the app is deployed to, but just wanted to mention that there is a choice 😉
1. Lincoln says:
Thank you! That’s very good to know! I’ll update the article when I get a chance 🙂
12. Vbv says:
This article is pure yet subtle propaganda. You do not state it clearly but with all that ‘ee6 does it for you’ things the message is that spring is complicate and ee6 is better. You work for rh yet still act ad a spring dev lookin’ for the first time at ee6! come on be more honest! and please : cut that part about getting beans programmatically, it’s better to say that ee6 doesn’t like it without scaring people that much on such basic tasks.
Didn’t like your way of propaganding ee6 but I like ee6 and appreciated some of your thoughts.
1. Lincoln says:
You’re right. I’m out to secretly undermine Spring by sharing my own personal experiences and lessons learned from doing a migration to Java EE 6 🙂 Just kidding. Also, I’m confused: wasn’t the part about getting beans programmatically admitting that Spring did something better? Why do you want me to change that? I updated the post to be more clear that I do in fact work for JBoss.
2. Lincoln says:
PS. Sorry for coming across sarcastically. I’m hungry, and you are right. I’ll try to do better in the future.
1. Vb says:
Hey! No problem at all. I was a little aggressive too. Didn’t meant to, but I was.
Don’t want to start a flame at all. So sorry for me beeing too severe.
In the end EE6 and Spring are two different approaches. Sometimes I like the magics of EE6. Everything works right out of the box. No need to write the same things all over again.
Sometimes there’s too much magic and I want a lighter system.
But EE6 is really good and your article definitively worth reading (and posting …).
13. dont get it says:
three links that do not really say anything about the real issue. I can simply build a full enterprise application using Spring and deploy to any container, whether that is Weblogic 8, 9, 10, 11, Tomcat 5, 6, etc… I don’t even have to think about some vendor driven spec to know my application will work. JEE would be great if it followed the Spring model and was simple a series of jars to include in your war. Simply include the jar via Maven and done. The xml config points are interesting considering all the xml configuration you highlight in your article. Until you can simply include a couple of jars in a war file to do what 80% of java developers need like Spring can, you all will be begging for people to switch to the bloated jee platform.
1. Lincoln says:
If you like the Spring stack better than the Java EE stack, that’s awesome. Not gonna try to stop you 🙂 Use what works for your business, that’s always the bottom line.
2. henk says:
Spring just has a different default model: include everything in the war and end up with fat jars vs deploying very slim wars and assuming your deployment platform already has the required functionality.
It’s just a different thing. Hard to say which is really better.
In desktop applications, do you statically link in all libraries and whatever, or do you assume the OS has some base level of functionality? In practice, both happens really.
Also, including everything in the .war is arbitrary too. Since you still have to rely on a base level of Servlet and JSP that is already installed. If you want to include JPA, JTA, EJB, JSF, JMS, etc in your .war, why not include Servlet and JSP in it too?
In that way, the only thing you assume to be installed on the server is a JVM. You don’t deploy a .war, you deploy e.g. Tomcat with your application already in the webapps directory. Technically there is very little difference as Tomcat itself is a Java application too.
The same can be done with JBoss AS. I can assume a certain version of JBoss AS is already installed on the server and thus deploy very rich EAR apps that are extremely small (couple of 100k max), OR I can assume only a JVM is installed and deploy JBoss AS together with my app.
Luckily we all have a choice as Lincoln says. If Spring works for you, by all means keep using it 😉
(although don’t forget that there are Spring Application Servers too, where basically an AS is build on top of Spring and all required libs are added to the Tomcat common libs dirs, so the picture is not that black/white)
14. Satish says:
Great article, First article that I have seen that actually brings CDI and EJB3 together and in a coherent fashion.
But I dont think I am going to migrate anything to JEE6 in a hurry. All the JEE has done so far is to catch up with Spring and not do anything better than them. Ok, you solved the lazy init exception, so what. EJB3’s Interceptors are still way behind what I can do with first class AOP support that I get with Spring. All JEE seems to be aiming for is simple web/EJB projects, but almost all enterprise work that I do need additional features that frameworks like Spring Integration, Spring -Batch provide out of the box.Sure, there are other open source projects out there, but Spring does all these seamlessly and adding them is very little add on work unlike EJB3 where everything is PIA.
I would have really jumped on the EJB3 bandwagon if only there were things that were compelling enough, but if all the work has been done so far is to catch up with Spring, I’d rather use Spring which atleast has had the time to mature.
1. Lincoln says:
This article wasn’t meant to be an attempt to convince anyone to switch, just an explanation of what’s going to happen if you do.
15. @Lincoln,
I really like how detailed you article is: that’s awesome! Thank you!
Thing that appeared to me rather unnecessary negative are:
“seemingly unresponsive Spring forums”
We both know this is not true, or if it is, can you back it up by showing me at least 5 questions that you asked on Spring forum that were not answered?
“download your application server of choice, which at this point will probably be one of either: JBoss AS 6, or GlassFish v3”
why would I need these guys if I have plain Tomcat ( and yes, I know how to use it )?
I think the overall direction is to hide the complexity and focus on the real task ( some people call it “business”, I call it a “task” ). Having that in mind, if I would really switch from vanilla Spring / Hibernate stack today, that would definitely be Grails: can’t go simpler than that.
I am sure you know that Spring also has a complete annotation driven configuration, I personally _like_ my XML, but it is there. Plus if I need flexibility I would go with Grails bean builder.
Finally, I know that you are a big JSF supporter, we actually met at Philly ETE conference, and I attended all your and Dan Allen’s talks, just to make sure I “get” the message. And even thought Spring Webflow is practically sits on top of JSF, I really think they could have done better 🙂
Again, thank you for a detailed article, I love those, and even though I belong to “The World” good luck in “Pure JEE vs. The World” mission.
1. Lincoln says:
Actually, you’re right. I went back and double checked my posts on Spring’s forums and I saw that I participated and was answered serveral times. I was distinctly thinking of a real experience I had on some forums though, and I’m embarrassed to say that it was probably the Hibernate forums before they moved to JBoss.org… All I remember is asking questions about Spring open-session-in-view filters, and getting crickets. I was asking in the wrong place 🙂
You’re also right. The article did not need any inflammatory statements in the first place, and I’ve removed it.
1. henk says:
If there is any unresponsive forum in the world it’s indeed the Hibernate forum. Getting any question answered by anyone knowledgeable, let alone the actual developers, is near to impossible.
2. henk says:
Well, because the article is about Java EE and those are examples of popular Java EE implementations?
Your reply is like replying to an article about iOS where the author mentions you probably would get either an iPhone or iPod in order to use iOS, that you already have a Nokia and yes, you know how to use it.
Doesn’t make a lot of sense, does it mate? 😛
1. But I have not edited this article, I added a comment.
I will let you think about my comment as “Tomcat”, and this article as “JEE”. [ it’ll “click” after you read it over a couple of times ]
Going back to “Nokia” point: “why do I need iPhone, if my Android already does it, and does it better” 🙂
3. Cash says:
A few years ago I’d have to pay someone for this ionfrmiaton.
16. GT says:
Thanks Lincoln … for a detailed and well written blog. A lot of things about JEE6 were answered by this post.
17. I liked your article, thanks! Two questions:
(1) Does Java 6EE CDI also support annotated components like in Spring through @Component, @Service, @Repository and @Controller?
(2) How would you compare Java 6EE CDI and Guice?
1. Lincoln says:
1. I’m not sure what you’re asking here. CDI has tons of annotations (Including @Model, @Service, and I believe @Repository), CDI also lets you create your own Stereotype annotations to extend functionality, and has *tons* of extension points.
2. CDI is a much richer (but also more heavyweight) DI container. It features the same type-safe approach, but has an extreme level of extendability. If you don’t need that, Guice is still a good option, but CDI is gaining major ground already, so it really depends on what you want to be using in 5 or 10 years, and what extensions you want to use with it.
18. vinay says:
Let me run annotated transaction in tomcat and then i will make a switch from Spring to EJB.
1. Paul youngh says:
vinay, that’s a bit like saying you switch to apple mail as soon as you can run iOS on Android.
It doesn’t really work like that. Java EE is a full platform, you don’t run Java EE on Tomcat. (although many Java EE implementations use Tomcat for the Servlet part).
You can run bits and pieces of Java EE on top of Tomcat, but you don’t get the full conveniance then and you are basically repeating the work that eg Apache Geronimo has already done for you.
1. vinay says:
I remember seeing in one of articles that you could run lightweight EJB’s on tomcat. They would not be fully functional. Do not remember much but will post a link as soon as I find one.
But my point is that for a lightweight application, Spring + hiberante is providing with all the feature sets which EJB + JPA is providing
JPA has been derived from Hiberante so basically you are only getting EJB’s and that you are using Stateless Session bean most of time. I had worked with EJB for a long time but now with Spring , I do not find enough motivation.
In most of cases, Spring’s transaction capabilities are better than EJB’s. Here is a comparison of both
2. henk says:
I think the point is that you don’t HAVE to assemble your own stack. JBoss AS basically already is Tomcat + Hibernate + EJB + JTA.
Why painfully build your own stack with possible incompatibilities?
Hopefully JBoss AS will also specifically add a “web profile” configuration (they have “all”, “default”, “standard”, “minimal”, “osgi” and “jboss web standalone” now. Those are just pre-assembled configurations. You can delete the other ones or make your own.)
19. jacques says:
Thanks for the article. It made me want to investigate EE6 a little bit more.
However I am still turned off by some of the decision that seemed to linger from the old EJB days: checked exception for example…
Lastly I believe you made a mistake writing that in spring you will get an exception if you inject a session scoped bean in an application scoped bean. Spring wraps its scoped objects with proxies that are injected immediately. So on creation the application scoped bean will only get injected with its own proxy that points to the session bean. However if you try to access that session scoped bean outside of a session context you will get the exception you are talking about. From what you described this is exactly the same behavior as EE6.
20. […] Spring to Java EE – A Migration Experience is very interesting article. I haven’t looked into EE recently but from what I read coding EJBs is very simple compared old days. Categories: Java Extreme MakeOver 6 October 2010 at 14:20 – Comments […]
21. yh says:
i believe that JEE 6 has caught up to Spring. it is light, fast, easy and standardized. but Spring ppl are very smart and are business oriented. while most ppl are debating Spring vs JEE (don’t forget python, php5, ruby on rails ..etc), Spring is fast moving ahead. Their applications are ready for the Cloud with all the tools u need. They make ideas like SaaS, PaaS accessible to ordinary developers and within their reach. see
their support services are unmatched and the their sub-projects are stamped ‘Enterprise ready’.
I use JEE in my applications. but I keep an eye on Springsource. to say the least, they are always one step ahead and their vision into enterprise apps is just impressive.
22. […] 2) http://ocpsoft.com/java/spring-to-java-ee-a-migration-guide-cdi-jsf-jpa-jta-ejb/ […]
23. Erik Lund Jensen says:
Java EE 6 vs Spring boils down to one decision:
Do you want to be dependent upon the application server version again? Using Java EE you will be bound to the versions bundled with that application server. How many of you havn’t struggled with WebLogic shipping/supporting e.g. old WS-* versions?! With Spring you may use all the new features without upgrading your application server, and thereby each project may upgrade at it’s own pace. When depending upon Java EE you are forced to upgrade the application server and thereby coordinate the change with all other applications/projects running on the same application server instance/cluster.
With Java EE you are send back to the days where you had to wait for all the applications to be ready (and wait for new test and production environments).
With Spring you may upgrade your project as you need new features provided by Spring/Hibernate without being dependent upon others.
1. Paul youngh says:
I don’t buy into your argument that upgrading Java EE is somehow more difficult.
From an application architecture point of view, migrating your application code to a major new version of Spring is just as risky as migrating to a major new version of Java EE. There is no difference here.
If you’re using the Spring deployment model of more or less completely shipping an AS in your .war to blindside operations (“no, i’m not upgrading any libs, I really wrote that 100mb of code myself”) than that’s a very debatable practice.
Most importantly, the argument of upgrading individual apps at their own pace because they all run on the same AS is silly. In practice you don’t do that! Every app runs on it’s own AS and that one typically runs on it’s own virtual server.
Spring fans of all people should know this is the preferred deployment strategy now that VMWare own SpringSource.
24. andrewly says:
Totally Seam and JBoss biassed, totally antispring oriented.
Spring was the revolution, it will be, just Guize compares to it’s simplicity and intelligence.
Period !
1. Lincoln says:
The purpose of this article was not to be balanced and fair. This was a discussion about the issues encountered when moving *away* from Spring, and moving *to* Java EE / CDI.
Thank you for reading.
25. Brian says:
I’m curious about injecting a @SessionScoped bean into an @ApplicationScoped bean. I couldn’t quickly find where this is addressed in the JSR-299 spec.
The only ways I could see this working are synchronizing access to the @ApplicationScoped bean, using ThreadLocal storage for the @SessionScoped bean, or having multiple instances of the @ApplicationScoped bean (which you wouldn’t expect if there weren’t any injected @SessionScoped beans). Is there another option that I’m missing?
I’d be more comfortable understanding what the consequences are (in terms of performance, memory use, etc.) of having such a straightforward way of representing something that seems like it could have a lot of complexity (as evidenced by how you describe Spring’s handling of it).
1. Lincoln says:
Well that’s the clever thing, and like I said this is the same in Spring if you use , but Weld/CDI use a Java Proxy to wrap the @SessionScoped bean reference that is @Injected into the @ApplicationScoped bean. This means that whenever the @ApplicationScoped bean attempts to access the @SessionScoped bean, it actually accesses the proxy, which accesses the current user’s Session (the BeanManager takes care of all of this,) and gets a reference to that current user’s @SessionScoped bean.
The @ApplicationScoped bean is not inherently threadsafe since there is only one instance of it in the entire app, but its accesses to the session scoped bean *are* local to each individual user. Unless you do bad things, you won’t have bleed-over. Obviously @SessionScoped beans are not inherently threadsafe either, but @RequestScoped beans are, because they only live within the scope of a single request, or one single thread.
1. Brian says:
Ahh, of course. I had thought of maybe putting a proxy around the @ApplicationScoped bean, but that wouldn’t work for direct field access to the @SessionScoped bean. I didn’t think of putting the proxy around the @SessionScoped bean. Thanks!
2. henk says:
Delegating via the proxy to the current user’s session is a very clever trick.
It’s a little like what TLS does in the standard JDK. You seem to be accessing a static variable, but under the hood it delegates to an instance in the current executing thread.
3. Zak says:
Wouldn’t it make more sense that the injection point for the @SessionScoped bean be “@Inject private Instance credentials” instead? That way you can obtain the correct instance of credentials whenever you need to do something with the object and not have to worry about the session.
4. Zak says:
Oops. That should be:
@Inject private Instance credentials
26. Jorge Soria says:
If it ain’t broken, don’t fix it.
Spring works. Maybe JEE does too. Who cares?
Do what you feel is good.
Deploying a light war with a heavy server or a fat war with a light server is a matter of necessity for each situation. It depends.
I concur with some earlier opinions: All JEE has done is catching up. It’s like Spring is the standard and JEE is the extension. It certainly feels that way.
The only thing truly compelling I have heard (although I haven’t heard that much) is the Conversation scope. We implemented a custom conversation scope for our Spring, JSF, Hibernate application, and it wasn’t that hard (merely 4 classes with some handling of the Hibernate Session and Spring Transaction) but I would like to have that done for me.
But Tomcat is easy, light, fast, and very well supported. Spring was a huge change back in the day. They are beautifully documented and developed. Transactions are good, AOP is good, and specially, their attitude is AWESOME.
Spring doesn’t tie you to anything. You can integrate with what you need, run as complex or simple applications as you wish, use the server you see fit. And they do that with a smile… so much different that Gavin “I’m so much more smarter than you so don’t bother me” King attitude.
In the end, and with two close specs, it’s that what keeps me in the Spring side. That, and more than 6 years doing what JEE is now coming to do: Keeping Java as an enterprise option.
1. henk says:
> If it ain’t broken, don’t fix it.
Spring works. Maybe JEE does too.
Java EE does. Believe me 😉
>Who cares? Do what you feel is good.
I think that’s the entire idea. If Spring works for you, by all means keep using it. And of course nobody is forcing anyone to migrate existing apps from Spring to Java EE, that would be really silly.
For new projects and new teams however I think Java EE is a very compelling choice. People already familiar with Spring and starting with a complete new project should really consider Java EE. I think this article will be very helpful for those people.
I hear you, and maybe Gavin is a little like that, but he does know his stuff. There’s a difference with thinking you know better while in reality you do not really (an all too common phenomenon under developers).
Personally what drove me away from Spring is Rod’s attitude of “EJB is evil! Containers are bad! J2EE is heavyweight”, long after Java EE 5/EJB3 was released. Your experience may differ, but in my opinion if you wanted to be part of the Spring culture, then having to hate EJB and J2EE was just part of it.
There are two things very wrong with that. First of all, it’s a little strange that in order to use technology A you actually have to be indoctrinated to hate technology B, and secondly, most of the things said by Rod actually applied to EJB2 and J2EE 1.4. I’m not sure why rants against EJB2 are still relevant in 2010.
2. Yannick Majoros says:
>It’s like Spring is the standard and JEE is the extension.
That’s just the point: Spring is not a standard, and there is only one implementation. It’s sometimes easier (but not necessarily better) to work alone than to have to decide with other people.
Spring had once more features than Java EE. That’s gone.
27. Nikola says:
Great article. The only thing I’m worried about is developing application on java application server like Jboss AS that is painfully slow. When project is large you have to wait up to 3 min for Jboss AS to start (or publish application). Tomcat rules!
28. myuan says:
Nice article. I think both JEE 6 and Spring has their strength at different areas. I just don’t see Spring is over.
JEE is getting stronger at the business-logic tier and the persistency tier, however, it still doesn’t have a real competitor to Spring at the presentation tier. The “page controller” pattern behind JSF still prevents any implementation of the specification from significantly reducing memory consumption and improving performance. Another great feature in Spring is its openness. The framework can be (in fact have been) integrated with other popular frameworks without huge efforts.
JEE’s biggest advantage is its vendor support. In addition to JEE server licenses, no one would want to pay extra to support a framework running on the server.
In my opinions, JEE or Spring? It depends…
1. Lincoln says:
For addressing the page-controller JSF issue, you can use my own tool/well-adopted open-source project: [[PrettyFaces]] – http://ocpsoft.com/prettyfaces/
You set up URL-mappings that point to one or more pages; actions can be invoked when those pages are requested, thus effectively creating a front-controller instead of a page-controller pattern.
29. Yannick Majoros says:
> installed Hibernate on GlassFish (which is very easy to do, and I recommend since TopLink has given me a lot of problems;
Nice article, but why recommanding an implementation over another one because you had problem using it? I don’t think it’s fair.
What do you mean by Toplink? If you mean Toplink Essentials, this one has been obsoleted by Eclipselink. If you mean Toplink JPA, this is a commercial product based on Eclipselink. Eclipselink is an implementation of JPA 1 and JPA 2 (RI).
If you have a jpa compliant application, Eclipselink just works. Please be precise if you think it doesn’t: it’s the RI for JPA 2, so I’d really doubt it and it’s really worth filing a bug.
I’ve got a lot of production apps using Eclipselink.
One more detail: you don’t have to install Eclipselink in Glassfish, you can bundle it in your application if you want. That means you can have different versions for different projects, and you don’t have to install anything on glassfish to deploy your application.
1. Lincoln says:
That’s a fair enough point. I suppose I should have said, “Coming from Hibernate, there are enough differences between it and EclipseLink that I had a lot of trouble getting my existing app to run on it.”
1. Yannick Majoros says:
Why? JPA is a standard and switching should be easy. If you say it’s not, it would be interesting to know why.
Eclipselink is stable and has been there longer than Hibernate. In your article, it sounds as if Hibernate is better, more stable and Eclipselink is problematic. This simply isn’t the case, and I bet you can change your JPA provider easily.
2. Like I said, I personally had problems using Eclipselink instead of Hibernate 🙂 It’s been a while since I went through it, so I can’t pinpoint them specifically right now 🙁
30. […] week a JBoss core developer, Lincoln Baxter, published a detailed and insightful report on his migration experience from the Spring Framework to the new Java EE 6 platform. In the post […]
31. […] I still need those proprietary frameworks? Last week a JBoss core developer, Lincoln Baxter, published a detailed and insightful report on his migration experience from the Spring Framework to the new Java EE 6 platform. In the post […]
32. Gene De Lisa says:
Nice article.
Unfortunately we’ve been mandated to use Websphere – which means we’ll get support for this around 2019.
33. […] boost his argument in his blog post, Badani pointed to a write-up from fellow Red Hat employee, and JBoss core developer, Lincoln Baxter, which discussed the […]
34. […] [Technik] Spring to Java EE – A Migration Experience […]
35. Robbert says:
Regarding your example of a EJB as generic DAO.
public T findById(final Class type, final Long id)
Class clazz = getObjectClass(type);
has 2 compilation errors.
Shouldn’t it just be (not tested it myself):
public T findById(final Class type, final Long id)
return (T) em.find(type, id);
36. […] which, for reasons best explained in a separate article, is not easy unless you use some “Solder.” However, this approach is recommended only […]
37. K1ng.Solomon says:
Guys, who designed EE6 should just do the same things that were done in Spring but better. Instead they chose their own way, and this way is seemingly more complicated than Spring way. In turn, benefits are very doubtful.
The case might be closed here. New EJB technology is not going to fly. It does not worth time to spend. Spring works just great. Why somebody time and money to do the same things that are already done.
Everybody who remember EJB 1.0-2.1, know how much pain it was to deal with server specific deployment descriptors and other meta data. Why do we need it again ?
38. […] The days of Spring and popular Web Frameworks are over, is clear from this article on Java EE 6. Migrating from Spring to Java EE 6 is thoroughly described here. […]
39. Jagadeesh says:
CDI might replace Spring DI, but the power of Spring lies in the support for Aspect oriented programming (AOP).
Though we can workaround this in JEE, with EJB interceptors, we are forced to move to EJB and the flexibility of applying aspects on Java bean level is not present.
Even if projects wants to move from spring to JEE. Non support of AOP is going to be the blocking factor.
1. That’s an interesting perspective, actually. I think that CDI interceptors provide a great deal of functionality as well, but the idea that you can extend the public interface of a class is something that is yet to come in to EE as a major practice.
I think we’ll see some serious power with interface-driven implementations, however (where you define an interface that is automatically bound to an implementation to meet your needs.)
That’s one place where CDI will shine well 🙂
40. Cristhian says:
I’m in the way to migrate mi old Spring + Vaadin application to JEE6, right now i’m having an issue with Spring-Security, how can i use Spring-Security with JEE6 ???
There is no way to @Inject the AuthenticationManager. :S Some help will be appreciated.
1. I suggest taking a look at Seam Security or PicketLink (unfortunately the documentation link seems to be broken at the moment – trying to get that fixed.)
41. […] forte, molto forte, ma l’arrivo di Java EE 6 sembra aver incrinato le certezze di più d’uno, ma non di […]
42. […] be discovered and included in the larger application. (For more details on these descriptors, see this post.)To run your application with the least amount of effort, you should use a full Java EE Application […]
43. Frank says:
That is why the Head First book series is so popular and effective. Those books make you think/experience the problem first and then help you finding a solution.
44. Tiago Augusto says:
Nice article, very nice indeed. But as you show it is possible to use an EJB as a, let say view component, so tha page can acess it as a Managed Bean. This aproch is not so heavy?
1. EJB3.1 is pretty lightweight these days 🙂 Just a few annotations.
45. Java Pins says:
Spring to Java EE – A Migration Experience | OCPSoft…
Thank you for submitting this cool story – Trackback from Java Pins…
46. Tirthal says:
My experience of several months with Seam 2 is that there are some inherent speed bumps introduced by JSF and bijection. For UI controls with many elements (tables, dropdown boxes), the bottleneck is not at all the database (even without 2nd level caching), but the time spent by Seam during the RenderResponse phase. The heavy use of bijection and events (see, for instance, org.jboss.seam.core.MethodContextInterceptor.aroundInvoke() which sets 5 context variables, each creating 2 events) has a visible impact on the page rendering time and we found it is hard to reduce it. There are only a few tools: bypassing interceptors, use and rethink the UI interaction to have lazy loading of data in UI controls or have autosuggestions instead of populating lists. It is somewhat frustrating to constantly have this conflict between using the framework for its features and avoiding the framework for its slowness. I don’t know if I can ever make the app really snappy (say, have responses back in less than 100ms).
Any comment on Seam 3 performance (JavaEE 6 CDI + JSF) compare to Spring framework?
47. Magnus says:
Great article.
I’ve been researching how to migrate our apps which are based on spring as jee container.
We are using OSIV (filter) to avoid the LazyInitializationException.
The author suggests using ConversationScoped stateful beans/services with extended PersistenceContext.
(Our services are internally stateless though).
Which looks promising for use with a servlet framework.
But what if we want to use the same services in other cases – like EJB timers/schedule. (We use quartz scheduler now)
How to deal with the (unwanted) extended scope here.
Should we then programmatically begin and end conversations – or manually flush entitymanager. Could it be done declaratively?
48. […] are a couple of very useful articles. This one is very detailed and is published by JBoss employee: http://ocpsoft.com/java/spring-to-java-ee-a-migration-guide-cdi-jsf-jpa-jta-ejb and this is the presentation from IBM: http://www.slideshare.net/kelapure/java-e-evsspringshootout. […]
49. sreenath v says:
Before commenting, we should try out whats there…rather than basing our opinions on years old…Jboss 7 boots in 45 seconds…
50. Conversation Scoped Entity Manger disallowed by CDI? says:
According to comments of http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10056600/weld-on-websphere-8 CDI does not allow a conversation scoped EntityManager because the EntityManager interface is not Serializable. Is Weld more tolerant in this respect?
1. Actually I think that this does work in Weld. I’ve used ConversationScoped EntityManager instances many times on JBoss AS 7; I’ve never had a problem with this. That’s the whole idea of the Extended PersistenceContext, so if it’s broken on WebSphere, that’s really bad.
51. Armen says:
EJB3.1 the best at this time, from 2008 we used only EJB3 on several successfull projects, EJB3.1+JSF2.1 have not alternatives.
52. Armen says:
Some people ask me why EJB3.1/JSF2.1 have not alternatives, why? Because XML is not a java, because with EJB3/JSF2.1 you write only java code, only 1-2 simple xml. In Spring still you must use a lot if xml what in the big projects caused failure layer.
Also structure and logics EJB3.1/JSF defined in the right way. Spring still does not know what is java 6 CDI, POJO and more:(((((((
53. Paci says:
I’m a “little bit” late and I’m not a Spring specialist, but I leave a comment anyhow. With Spring your application is bound to certain platform which is not the case with Java EE. For example, with async EJBs you can implement application server neutral threading, but with Spring’s @Async you cannot; you have to change TaskExecutor according to platform. For WebSphere and WLS it must org.springframework.scheduling.commonj.WorkManagerTaskExecutor but cannot be on any other platform. I would also say that WorkManagerTaskExecutor doesn’t work correctly and can make your server to hang, but lets not concentrate on that. So, depending on your platform you have to use some kind of deployment tool to change this or unpack the XML files and change them manually. And which application servers have console support or deployer tool to do it? I think the same still applies to TransactionManager; it must be changed for WebSphere.
“Declarative transaction demarcation in Spring 2.5 or later are supported in WebSphere Application Server using the following declaration for the WebSphere transaction support:
<bean id="transactionManager"
or how about not changing it?
“Managing transaction demarcation through WebSphere Application Server’s UOWManager class ensures that an appropriate global transaction or LTC context is always available when accessing a resource provider. However, earlier versions of Spring used internal WebSphere interfaces that compromised the ability of the Web and EJB containers to manage resources and are unsupported for application use. This could leave the container in an unknown state, possibly causing data corruption.”
See for more information: http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/websphere/techjournal/0609_alcott/0609_alcott.html
54. nojbossplease says:
Great article! Can’t wait to see Spring disappear from every freaking project I had to put my hands on.
PS: Recommending JBoss AS 7.x over GF 3.x ? Not sure about this statement… JBoss = Very buggy
1. What bugs have you found specifically?
2. Sorry to hear you had trouble. Was this with the final release or one of the earlier betas, or even AS 6? JBoss AS7 is incredibly stable and clean.
55. Anil Chalil says:
1 month ago i also migrated one of my applications to JEE and i could say it was easy. But the problem here is not "JEE is also easy" thing . I think what makes spring is a little bit better is its flora like spring-data,spring transactions,spring-security. In my project i did not use ejb for example instead i use seam-persistence and seam-security because i didnt want to use a jee server just because i have to persist some small data but still want to use declarative transactions and i dont want to use web.xml based security or JAAS(i think still hard to understand). Because of all those things i look forward to deltaspike project which i believe fills all those gaps.
56. Shailendra kumar says:
That’s a really well written and helpful piece of information. However in all the ensuing debate specifically of the difference in preference to use Tomcat vs EE severs, I did not get a mention of the newest kid on the block TomEE which according to apache is " an all-Apache stack aimed at Java EE 6 Web Profile certification where Tomcat is top dog". This seems to be pretty exciting. Will this be game changer for people who actually like Tomcat but want to move to EE technologies ? What do people think here ?
57. Interesting article. I’ve been experimenting with JEE 6 myself and wrote a pet app for it, but the immaturity of some of its solutions (CDI being a good example) has managed to seriously put me off, and cause me drift back towards Spring.
Also, JEE is supposed to be the (self-proclaimed?) standard, but in reality you end up depending on the application server and taking advantage of its features, as you pointed out in the article, and the portability effectively goes out of the window.
My worst nightmare has been integration testing, which requires an unreasonable amount of effort vs. getting it right with Spring.
1. rmpestano says:
"but in reality you end up depending on the application server" Have you really tried to switch among EE servers? if you are in the spec thinks are really straightforward, if you use maven things get even easier. Also how often you migrate from app servers? i’ve seen people arguing that in favor of Spring but they are always using Tomcat…
"My worst nightmare has been integration testing" have you heard about arquillian(arquillian.org)?
Another thing thats is really powerful and is growing in EE6 are the CDI portable extensions
58. […] Annotations, or Hibernate Search, I recommend reading a section in another OCPsoft blog about using extended PersistenceContexts. You can also try some books written by my colleagues and peers. (Note, you will need to disable […]
59. […] Spring to Java EE – A Migration Experience by Lincoln Baxter […]
60. Tony Herstell says:
A Conversation is supposed to be related to a short, CLEAR, "business type process" that has a beginning a middle and and end. This may span multiple round trip to the User within the bounds of a single session.
+Saves multiple reads from the DB by "caching" stuff in/for the Conversation span
+Saves up commits to the DB and flushes them at the "natural" end of the conversation or have them ALL rolled back by not committing (very neat!). [@ExtendedPersistance]
+Gives a CLEAR area to store things so that nothing is left around in the Session/Application etc. Scope when the "business type process" is completed or abandoned.
Due to the "fad" to completely UsStatelesstise everything (mainly from Spring and JQuery people) this has not had much attention and has largely been forgotten and even JEE 6 (CDI) has only really given it lip service. It’s all about BIG DATA and mashups or 100 things into a facebook/twitter page…
So; it seems that jPBM (and things like Oracle SOA [BPEL]) have stepped into this space and moved things into what Seam 2 called the @BusinessScope which ALSO supported the ability to come back later to an "in progress" "business type process" so you are not locked into the Session…
The lack of a "good" implementation of Conversation has driven myself to jBPM (5) which is now looking very capable and is actually built around a Rules Engine (Drools). I hope it is as good as it looks.
61. Yeah, I really think the JBPM5 stuff is *really* interesting. The Drools guys and Mark Proctor have been doing awesome work, especially with their UberFire web workspace based on the Errai UI framework.
Really great stuff happening there.
1. Tony Herstell says:
Yes its does look awesome.
Conversation did always have the problem with the "back" button being pressed in page having to be handled.
here is hoping that, like Seam 2, they handle that out of the box too.
Interesting to see how they support the users "Work in Progress" UI bits and how easy it is to lock into "security" as I needed more than roles and permissions.
62. Sunil Kumar says:
Very good site. Have very good explanation. In coming few months, i have to migrate our legacy Spring application to java CDI and i was in search of such a good article.
Thanks a lot.
One Question – What is the alternate for Spring batch jobs (i know java batch jobs are also there but it is not supported by most of the servers)
1. I’m not very familiar with 3rd party batch libraries, but I know that Java EE 7 supports batch functionality that can be used to replace Spring Batch. Both WildFly and JBoss EAP7 support this spec.
Reply to Lincoln
[code lang="xml"][/code]
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43474 | 'For The Girls' Available Now
September 27, 2019 by User 0 Comments
'For The Girls' Available Now
A note from Kristin:
Gulp. It’s here!! This record is from my heart and speaks my truth. Thank you to my GIRLS for joining me to create magic. Ariana Grande, Reba McEntire, Jennifer Hudson, Dolly Parton... I LOVE you so very much. Steve Tyrell, thank you for being my partner in everything. This album is truly For The Girls, I hope you love it too. Listen & buy now:
Also in |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43483 | GNOME 3.12 has been released, and sees the modern open-source desktop environment build upon the firm foundations laid out in its previous versions.
The first stable release since the release of 3.10 back in September 2013, the latest milestone comes without the groundbreaking Wayland support enabled by default as it originally wanted to include. Despite this, GNOME 3.12 still manages to pack in enough performance tweaks, interface adjustments and app upgrades to make it a notable upgrade.
It features 34,236 changes contributed by 1,140 developers and enthusiasts — impressive stats that are a testament to the community GNOME has behind them.
Changes & New Features
This release seems to be as much about polish as it is about shiny new things. Some serious UI refinement has gone on, with a number of apps having entire overhauls – Videos and Gedit being two notable examples.
The theme changes, along with the arrival of pop-over menus, add up to create a striking impression. This release, more so than any other before it, feels like a true modern desktop. The design is thought through and consistent among the default app; it looks good; and animations and feedback are timed to feel incredibly responsive.
The addition of app folder creation to the Activities Overview (the bit where you see your installed apps) finally fulfils one of my own personal bug bears (I like to be organised).
On the applications side, Facebook integration has arrived in the Photos application and both the Totem video player and Gedit text editor sport entirely revamped designs:
Music, the next-gen desktop audio player, gains playlist support; the option to view deleted notes arrives in Bijiben; while the initial setup wizard sports changes informed by user testing conducted by Intel.
In addition, three new ‘Preview’ apps (software considered stable enough for wider testing) are included:
Other key changes include the re-addition of a wired network indicator to the unified System Status Menu (introduced in the previous release) and informing users when an application has asked for access to their location.
Getting GNOME 3.12 on Ubuntu
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, due out in April, won’t ship with GNOME 3.12 but the previous stable release. It will be available as an optional (if unsupported) upgrade via a series of GNOME PPAs. We’ll provide more information on how to use these, what the pitfalls are, etc. nearer the launch of Ubuntu 14.04.
If you can’t wait that long to go hands-on, you can grab a Fedora-based live image at the link below.
Download GNOME 3.12 Live .ISO
#gnome #gnome 3.12 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43489 | Running: An Anthropological Speculation | One To Nothin'
Running: An Anthropological Speculation
I realize my blog has been pretty food-heavy lately. Clearly this whole30 thing is going straight to my head, so today I'd like to focus on a little something different, but still health-related..
Running! I'm not going to get all science-y on you, if you're worried about that. This is actually going to be more of an observatory human behavior piece.. (with a little bit of crude and offensive humor mixed in. It's all in good fun.)
First of all, let's address my need to take disgusting sweaty self-portraits after my runs. I truly don't understand this compulsion. On the one hand, it may be "Hey everyone! Look how healthy I am, I just went running!" kind of like my need to "check in" to the gym and Whoops! Would you look at that? It just told all my Facebook friends I'm at the gym! Weird! (Don't lie. Everyone does this. At least I can admit it.) Or maybe it's my way of telling my InstaGram followers: "Yo, I know I take a lot of shameless self-portraits that may leave you thinking I'm the narcissistic-ist of them all, but look! I also take photos of myself looking disgusting with no makeup... so that makes it okay, right?" Either way it leaves me with lots of laughable photos in my phone's photo album on any given day. Exhibit A:
(the one on the bottom right is the view through my ghetto "waterproofing" of my phone via sandwich bag before running outside with a very sketchy-looking grey sky)
Next I would like to discuss drivers of the world and their reactions to girls (I can't really speak for the male running population, but I would love to learn, so if any dudes even read my blog and happen to go running, please do fill me in) running on the side of the road by themselves. As far as I'm concerned there are a few different categories of people and the way they react to runners.
1. The Honkers: The Honkers can be categorized further.
a) Rednecks that drive huge trucks that generally have some sort of decal across the windshield saying something to the effect of "AMERICA! EFF YEA!" "Mud Lyfe" "Boats & Hoes" a rebel flag sticker or a pair of shiny, silver testicles hanging from the trailer hitch. There may or may not be several other equally rednecky good ol' boys in the bed of the truck hollering as well. Might be blasting Kid Rock or Nickelback.*
b) Ghetto-fied wannabe pimp daddies that usually drive some sort of crappy car that has been souped up with spinning rims and a horrible, horrible sounding bass pumping out jams that have intelligent and lovely lyrics like, "Ass and Titties" "Eff Bitches Get Money" or "Knuck if you Buck" (What does that even mean?) It's especially fun when the drivers of these vehicles are very scrawny white boys. Just saying.*
c) Rich, very cocky frat boys that drive Escalades and/or Range Rovers their daddies gave them when they turned 15 with their letters proudly displayed on the rear window and perhaps a Natty Light in a Guy Harvey koozie in the cup holder. Probably wearing a Polo shirt, Sperries and potentially backwards hat that says something along the lines of "Rage" "Go Hard" or their Greek letters. Probably listening to Dubstep or Kenny Chesney.*
d) Very creepy old men that could easily be your father's age. These are the worst and scariest of offenders. These men may or may not have granddaughters your age and most likely click on those spam e-mails in regards to lengthening and hardening certain body parts -- that is if they even know what the internet is. Might be rockin' out to some classic rock.
e) Young girls who are giggling uncontrollably, blasting "Call Me, Maybe" and discussing in detail how fat your ass is. Most likely on their way to Mochi for some froyo (this may have been me and my friends in high school).
f) Family/friends because you live in a tiny, tiny town where everyone knows each other. You usually feel slightly guilty about your initial eye roll directly following the honk, but then get excited and risk adding a few seconds to your mile time to stop and talk to them. You also consider asking for a ride home because it's hot as eff outside.
*The creepiness of these gentlemen is directly proportionate to how good looking they are. If they are in fact pretty, you might be flattered and/or wishing that you weren't bright-red in the face and covered in sweat.
(What I think I look like while I'm running)
2. The Whiplashers: These are usually dudes (see a, b, c and especially d) that seem as though they might get whiplash from how fast their neck whipped around to watch you as they drove by.
3. The Overly Cautious: These folks are usually elderly and probably didn't think twice about running a stop sign farther down the road because they should have traded in their driver's license for their AARP card. They usually slow down to 2 mph as soon as they see you running and nearly hit the curb in the oncoming lane in order to give you a 20-foot-wide radius to run in.
4. The IDGAF Crew: These people don't give an eff about runners and feel as though we should not be allowed near the road that is made specifically for cars only. They do not swerve in the slightest when they see you coming, in fact they may even speed up just to freak you out a little. They have better things to do than slow down for runners, like buy expensive golf clubs and cheat on their husbands/wives. These drivers may have hit a bicyclist in the past and yelled at the cyclist for being an idiot afterwards. They also tend to get exasperated and throw their hands up when you get a walk signal at traffic lights and proceed to run across the road as the law requires.
5. The Runners: The ones who are driving home so they can put on their running shoes and join you. They swerve the perfect amount and tend to give you a little wave/head nod in camaraderie. You can spot them by their "13.1" or "26.2" stickers on the back of their cars.
6. The Majority: People who don't honk, look, smile or say anything to you. They just go on living their lives. *Might* be avoiding eye contact because they're on their way to McDonald's, however, the apathy of these individuals is generally appreciated by runners the world over.
(What I actually look like while I'm running)
Is this a national phenomenon or is this just what happens when you live in the south? Please share your running stories in the comments!
Linking up here for Inspire Me Healthy!
1. Holy cow, SPOT ON.
Though, we have a lot of "whistlers" here, too.
Like I'm going to stop and say "Screw this run; I'll just hop in your busted-ass truck and drive into the sunset with you, just because you struck my fancy with a whistle."
2. Haha, I was actually just pondering this the other day. I question the compulsion to honk and yell "oww" as if it's original or flattering. I assure you, sir, I do not look attractive. I feel if you have to do it at least try a little harder to yell something more interesting.
3. My husband were running on a Friday night, it was pretty late (when all the creeps come out) and this truck of guys starts yelling at us and asking us why we were running. Thankfully we were running the opposite way that they were driving and we were able to out run them because they turned around and went to look for us!! It was kind of scary! This makes me want to get back running again! (:
4. Love this!
I was running home one time and was expecting hubby to drive past me on his way home from wherever. When I heard a 'honk-honk' behind me, I automatically turned and waved (with a little too much enthusiasm), thinking it was him. It was not. In fact, pretty sure it was a "B" honker (probably laughing hysterically at my pageant-style wave) based on the plastic, spinning 'rims' and the iridescent green paint job.
5. How awesome! Yes you nailed this! I haven't hit the pavement, but at least I'm doing the hamster runs at the gym.
When I was running the streets, I would get all of the above. That plus I'm on a busy street that tends to have buses (smog) and fast food restaurants (the smell of KFC and BK are horrible temptations!).
Every so often, I'll find the city lawn people or construction. Sometimes even a shopping cart. Talk about obstacles!!!
Andie's Traveling Pants
6. It would be so interesting to get the male perspective on this. On what planet would that behavior get some one a date?..
7. haha this was such a joy to read, you have a way with words for sure mackensie
8. You're funny. I run around a lake that has TONS of runners., with a trail specifically for runners and a trail specifically for bikers, and the road is separate. When I run, I SO TOTALLY in my "zone" that I barely notice anyone else. Just on autopilot enough NOT to run into anyone and avoid and variations/bumps in the trail, but beyond that, I concentrate on my breathing, and keeping up a a decent pace. I don't notice anyone!
-Daisy Nguyen from PS BANANAS fashion blog:
pleassant to read all at one place.
Feel free to visit my site :: traderush Reviews
Blog Archive
Powered by Blogger. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43508 | Also in Figure 22-4 is the entity class Path Composition. This is the fact that a (shorter) Path may be a component in one or more other (longer) Paths. This allows us to recognize that the Path from the airport to the hotel is made up of many component Paths. This allows for the complete description of a longer route, seen from a high level, to be decomposed into as much detail as necessary to fully describe it.
It is also how a Roadway Path may be assembled from a set of Alignment Nodes and the Roadway Paths linking them together.
A second way to collect multiple Paths together is to aggregate them into Networks. Where a single string of Paths can connect to create a larger Path through a set of Path Compositions, (the set of ...
Get Enterprise Model Patterns: Describing the World (UML Version) now with O’Reilly online learning.
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43540 | Sunday, October 23, 2016
Is it necessary to run SQLAlchemy's session.remove()?
If you're using flask-sqlalchemy, then the answer is no - it's already doing it for you when the request finishes:
If you're using scoped_session and not explicitly running session.remove(), then your connections will only be returned to the pool after your thread finishes and garbage collection occurs. It's not a good idea to leave this to garbage collection, because you can't guarantee your connections will be returned to the pool when your application is busy. This will often lead to errors like this: "TimeoutError: QueuePool limit of size 5 overflow 10 reached, connection timed out, timeout 30"
The solution is to make sure session.remove() runs when the work finishes (like flask-sqlalchemy does), as described here:
Another alternative is not making the session global and using a context manager, as described at the bottom of this section: However, this can make things difficult when you need to access the query results outside of the context manager. If you access the query results outside of the context manager without running session.expunge_all(), you'll see all kinds of errors like this: "DetachedInstanceError: Instance <ReportingJob at 0xa41cd8c> is not bound to a Session; attribute refresh operation cannot proceed"
Another option is setting autocommit to True, but that has quite a few gotchas. Turning on autocommit will acquire connections from the engine on an as-needed basis and return them immediately after their use. You will have to explicitly start transactions with session.begin() if you enable it. It seems like this setting should be called "autotransaction" instead. It's also not very efficient, because it needs to get and return a connection each time you run a query. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43546 | Skip to main content
The White Door is a new, more 'personal' Rusty Lake game about memories and color
The Rusty Lake games, very loosely speaking, are point-and-click adventures, but it's closer to the mark to describe them as strange, interactive narrative experiences, with hypnotic music, sedate narration, and an aura of death and menace hanging over everything. Rusty Lake Hotel, for instance, features nattily dressed woodland creatures who go for a vacation at a rustic hotel where they are murdered in bizarre, horrific ways, while Rusty Lake Paradise is a game about ancient Egyptian plagues and your mom
A new game was added to the series yesterday called The White Door, and while it looks and sounds a lot like previous Rusty Lake games, the developers say that it's actually quite different from their previous releases, mechanically and in the more "personal" story it tells about a man named Robert, an employee at a bird seed company (which will likely prove relevant in some odd way) who's been institutionalized for... some reason.
"It was a big challenge for us to change the gameplay and puzzle mechanics we used to know, and also trying to create the most narrative based game we made so far," the developers said in the White Door announcement. "But after a year of hard work we can say that we are extremely proud we achieved this and that we can make something out of the ordinary, while remaining the Rusty Lake touch."
I've only played through the first day of the game so I can't say how deep down the creepyhole it goes, but that "touch" is definitely there, and followers of the series will also recognize one or two very specific elements in the launch trailer.
The White Door is available from Steam and for $3/£2.50/€3. If you'd like to get a sense of what the series is like before chucking any money at it, Cube Escape: Paradox is free to play, and also very weird.
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43553 | You have skipped the navigation, tab for page content
Competition - NRL
Round - 24
Teams â Panthers V Tigers
Date â 19th of August 2016
Venue â Pepper Stadium
Photographer â Cox
Description â
With four victories from four games, the month of August was an incredible one for the Panthers.
Vote for your best-performing Panther in August for your chance to win a $100 Masters Gift Voucher and a Family Weber BBQ.
If you can't see the following entry form please click here. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43583 | All is fair in Love and War
150x150pixelsby Stone Fox16 Sep 2015
Sinking into you is something I find myself doing all too often.
If only you made this easier by being ignorant or oblivious.
Instead you wear the gentlmen well and I can never fault you for that.
But you started sinking into me first, it's as if you tricked me.
Slinking in the most subtle ways that I didnt even notice.
Or does this just in fact, signify exactly how predictable I am?
Am I really so easy to figure out?
But then, I cant be so simple.
After all, it did take you years with no sudden movements, no alarming sounds.
Looking back I am amazed at your diligence and unwavering patience.
Tell me, do I even know you at all? Or is it then that I am just so obliviously self absorbed that I really didnt notice our intimacy?
Our feelings that I wish I could flee from as they speak a truth not even I can say..
I'm out of my element here and falling short on how to best you or even compete.
I see you running the table in this game we have been playing.
I sink more, silenced in awe over your undeniable victory.
You, without a doubt hold the power and I can't even be a poor loser.
I guess all is fair in Love and War. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43597 | News & Events
Scroll down for upcoming events.
Join your colleagues from the Maryland Chapter of ASLA at this special event.
Network, learn, and earn LA CES credits.
More details and registration here.
Don’t delay: early-bird ends on February 7!
For sponsorships and tabletop exhibits, click sponsorship pkg.
The National Mall Tidal Basin, a cherished part of “America’s Front Yard,” links its historic assets to the American ideal they collectively represent: freedom, democracy, and international cooperation. This complex cultural landscape features memorials to Thomas Jefferson, Martin Luther King, Jr., and Franklin Delano Roosevelt, as well as famous cherry trees that blossom each spring.
But this American icon is under threat.
Due to rising sea levels, the silt and water of the Potomac Flats make the Tidal Basin unstable; the conditions they create compromise both historic resources and visitors’ experiences. Each day at high tide, water floods the sidewalks surrounding the Tidal Basin, making them impassable and compromising the roots of the cherry trees.
Click here to learn more and sign the pledge. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43633 | NPQ, Fall 1996
BACK STORY: Countries with democratic systems of government had grown from 58 a decade earlier, to 117. As democratic accountability grew, the sovereignty of local communities began to assert itself over the process of globalization, and “history” was now going start again; this time in reverse, with global moving toward local, rather than local moving toward local. Thus the title, “After the End of History.”
I didn’t use beaten up type for every NPQ cover, but it seems I did for the covers I have chosen to show here. It just was another cover where I wanted to illustrate the deconstruction of society. The image here is actually a picture of my cleaning lady’s hand, as it seemed appropriate to use a hand of a working-class immigrant to represent the mass of people standing up and being counted in a democratic society.
© 2018 Steve Rachwal. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43653 | Although often known as Hamble, the official name of the village is Hamble-le-Rice. It is best known for being an aircraft training centre during the Second World War for aircraft including the Spitfire, the Lancaster and the Wellington.
Today, it is a popular yachting centre with numerous marinas - the village and the River featured in the 1980s BBC television series Howards' Way. A small passenger ferry service links Hamble with the village of Warsash on the south bank of the River Hamble.
To the south of the village, lies the site of an Iron Age promontory hillfort, Hamble Common Camp. Also, there is the remains of the defensive structure dating to the reign of King Henry VIII. Known as St Andrews castle. Investigations suggest that it consisted of a rectangular structure fronted by a gun-platform with a semi-circular layout. It was protected by a moat with a further two gun-platforms mounted on the Counterscarp and was intact as late as the early 17th century. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43654 | Microsoft Professional Program
The Microsoft Professional Program offers many different skills to advance your career:
In this course, you will learn how to:
• How the Microsoft Data Science curriculum works
• How to navigate the curriculum and plan your course schedule
• Basic data exploration and visualization techniques in Microsoft Excel
• Foundational statistics that can be used to analyze data
In this course, you will learn how to:
• Build simple machine learning models with Azure Machine Learning;
• Use the Microsoft Bot Framework to implement conversational bots.
The Enterprise Security Hands-On Lab provides a simulated environment in which you must detect, protect, and respond to a cyber threat at a fictitious company.
This hands-on lab will test your ability in the following areas:
• How to defend your “company” from multi-step attack scenarios from simulated hackers
• Discover how your network and services are vulnerable to hacker attacks
• Understand how to implement security controls and prioritize the restoration of compromised services
• Enable students to evaluate various Microsoft and non-Microsoft security services
To get a certificate after the course you can ask for an enrollment code if you are a ReDI Student, Alumni or Volunteer. You can ask for an enrollment code here!
Read this on how to redeem an enrollment code!
Icons made by Flat IconsFreepik, and monkik from
• Facebook Basic Black
• Twitter Basic Black
• Instagram Basic Black
• image |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43680 | Accessibility links
Breaking News
France: Paris Exhibition Highlights Diversity, Challenges Of Islam In Big Cities
There are different ways to live and practice religion. An exhibition in Paris is currently trying to show the complexity of the social and cultural transformations urban Muslims are facing in the context of globalization.
Prague, 4 June 2004 (RFE/RL) -- An exhibition currently taking place in Paris is trying to illustrate how Muslims are conducting their religious life in the context of big, modern cities.
In order to understand, one has to look and listen. Photos, plastic creations, and audiovisual documents follow one another through five stops from Cairo to Dakar in Senegal, passing by Istanbul in Turkey, the Iranian capital Tehran, and Paris.
"The children of Islamized parents who have worked in Saudi Arabia are 'globalized' and dress in a Western fashion. In some discos one can find a mother wearing a veil along with children dancing to modern music."
At each stop, visitors are invited to listen to testimonies from practicing and nonpracticing Muslims, who explain their relationship with religion and debate topical questions. At one point, young girls from Cairo are arguing about the headscarf; at another, an Iranian mother looking to divorce her husband explains her despair over the decision.
The exhibit includes interviews conducted by Radio France Internationale reflecting the different ways Muslims express their faith in an urban, changing, and multicultural environment. Olivier Roy, a noted specialist of political Islam, is the scientific commissioner of the exhibition.
"The border between [practicing and nonpracticing Muslims] is not clear. A lot of people consider themselves Muslims. At the same time, they don't specifically feel themselves to be believers, particularly when they are confronted by non-Muslim societies and cultures. Today we see, particularly in big cities, a process of separation between religion and culture. Believers are obliged, constrained from, or trying to live their faith independently from a given culture because this culture is in crisis, confused, or mixed," says Roy.
Roy explains that modern cities are made of multiple pressures that often conflict. Globalization, he adds, shuffles the cards, but can also "Islamize" itself. For instance, Roy says, the culture of food is changing, as many fast foods are now "halal," or permissible in Islam.
Alexandre Buccianti, a correspondent for Radio France Internationale in Cairo, says the Egyptian capital is an example of how urban behaviors adjust, disguise or recreate old traditions.
"More than 60 percent of people younger than 30 are unemployed [in Egypt]. So there is a huge frustration among them, particularly in the middle class. That is where we see extremism. Also in the middle class, the children of Islamized parents who have worked in Saudi Arabia are 'globalized' and dress in a Western fashion. In some discos one can find a mother wearing a veil along with children dancing to modern music. The explanation is that there is no alcohol, so it's 'halal,'" Buccianti says.
What about being a Muslim in Istanbul, a metropolis in a Muslim country that broke with its religious traditions in the 1920s, establishing itself as a secular republic? Turkish sociologist Nilufer Gole says the city is today vacillating between secular rituals and religious practices:
"The presence of Islam in the public sphere is accompanied by a sort of democratization and distancing [of Muslims] from the secular definition of Islam by [the policy of] Kemalism. Today, Istanbul is living the challenge of the cohabitation of Islam and democracy, and maybe another definition of secularism, too. In Istanbul, Islam is currently moving from the private sphere to the public space, like in France," Gole says.
As in France, Gole says, there is a debate in Turkey about how to reconcile a secular republic with Islam. Turkey is creating room for dialogue between secularists and those who are eager to mix modern life with religion and religious culture. The question for many Turks, Gole says, is how to be modern without losing one's identity.
Iranian researcher Mouna Saidi says women in Tehran, Cairo, and Istanbul are trying to assert their roles in society. This process of "autonomization" is most dynamic and visible in the Iranian capital. Saidi stresses that women's mobility in Tehran is now almost equal to that of men, and much higher than in the other two cities.
"The Islamic Republic has paradoxes for women. By imposing the Islamic veil, it has permitted access to certain spaces that were previously not occupied by women. [Women] wanted to go there and they are conquering the city pieces by piece. They took the floor. Women are free to hold discussions with men and authorities. There are always negotiating within the family and within society. They make the situation improve in both private and public spheres," Saidi says.
Still, Saidi points out, women in Tehran have to maintain a careful balance between their desires and the many restraints the Islamic Republic is imposing on women and the society as a whole.
Dakar is the capital of Senegal in western Africa, where religious beliefs span mysticism, popular Islam, and neo-fundamentalism. There, says Senegalese researcher Abdourahmane Seck, Islam is traditionally experienced through a system of religious brotherhoods that are tangible in all aspects of society.
"Someone arriving to Dakar is struck by the massive and recurrent presence of religion and saints, who are representatives of [Muslim] brotherhoods. In a context of economic crisis, brotherhoods bring to the populations of cities networks of social 'insertion,' a way to find a woman or a job. The phenomenon touches everybody, including great sportsmen and political figures. People have to show they belong in one way or another to a brotherhood to be inserted in the public space," Seck says.
Seck says 90 percent of Muslim Senegalese declare themselves to be a member of a brotherhood. However, urban Muslims are more and more seduced by warnings against growing secularism and what fundamentalists call Western domination.
(The interviews were conducted by Laurent Sadoux, Herve Guillemot, and Anne-Cecile Bras, and were used in this report with the permission of Radio France Internationale.) |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43693 | This Electric Porsche 911 Targa Uses a Battery From a Crashed Tesla
It might not have that famous flat-six howl, but the torque might make up for it.
Zelectric MotorsFacebook
As aircooled 911s rise in value, they're appearing more and more at local car shows. Dozens line up along the parking lot, each showing off their virtually identical flat-six builds. Sure, there might be an LS swapped car hanging around every once in awhile, but there's nothing truly different. That is, until, Zelectric Motors built this car.
This 1973 Porsche 911 started out life as a standard removable-roof silver Targa model. The owner—possibly tired of comparing intakes with all of his 911 buddies—decided to hand off his classic to electric car builder Zelectric Motors.
Zelectric focuses mainly on converting old Beetles into EVs, so it made sense to see what it could do with its younger, sportier sibling.
Zelectric MotorsFacebook
The first step was to remove the flat-six engine, and replace it with a rear-mounted dual motor AC-34 electric setup. Then Zelectric found a 54 kWh battery pack from a wrecked Tesla Model S, and distributed it to the front and rear of the car.
Zelectric claims its able to produce 150 horsepower and 220 lb.-ft. of torque from the setup, as well as achieve an impressive 250 miles of range. Not to mention the futuristic-looking finish:
Zelectric MotorsFacebook
While every other 911 owner is worrying about when their next gasket will need replacing, this owner will surely be enjoying some open-top silent cruising.
via Engine Swap Depot
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
More From Car Culture |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43703 | Recommended Alerts
Sign Up For Alerts
New Year Brings New Responsibilities for Some Asset Managers Who Are Exempt from Registration with the CFTC
With the New Year comes new responsibilities for certain asset managers who are exempt from registration with the U.S. Commodity Futures Trading Commission (“CFTC”) as commodity pool operators (“CPOs”) or commodity trading advisors (“CTAs”). Following recent amendments to CFTC rules applicable to asset managers, family offices, operators of business development companies (“BDCs”) and certain operators of registered investment companies (“RICs”) should reevaluate their CPO registration exemptions and, with respect to family offices, CTA registration exemptions. Asset managers affected by the rule amendments may be required to take additional action. In addition, as in years past, certain CPO and CTA registration exemptions, including those claimed under CFTC Rule 4.5, 4.13(a)(3) and 4.14(a)(8), must be renewed by March 2, 2020.
Read More
Flash Analysis: Making Sense of the Non- and Semi-Transparent Active ETF Models
Practices: Asset Management, Investment Management
Printer-Friendly Version
On November 14, 2019, the SEC issued notices for four “semi-transparent” active ETF models – the T. Rowe, Fidelity, Blue Tractor, and Natixis/NYSE applications. These “semi-transparent” models noticed for approval reflect variations of a “proxy portfolio” approach, where there is some transparency into the ETF’s holdings and baskets available to authorized participants (APs) and other market participants. The enclosed contains a brief comparison of some of the principal features of the non- and semi-transparent active ETF exemptive models.
Read the full newsletter.
Printer-Friendly Version
Cookie Settings |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43749 | Love and sex advice from
Dan Savage
America’s sweetheart
This week, Dan is joined by his animal handler, Lucy! Lucy can answer...
Episode #262 — October 24, 2011
This week, Dan is joined by his animal handler, Lucy! Lucy can answer questions about shit skid marks left on couches, cheating lying girlfriends, jerk dom creeps AND do Dan's laundry with a smile.
She is truly a wonder.
Call us with your questions.
Comment on this episode at
Premium animation
Classic Episode
Have a question?
Ask Dan a question for the show
Call 206-302-2064
John Moe's Hilarious World of Depression.
Episode #690 — January 14, 2020
Hand-wringing women, am I right? First we have a lady who feels guilty about masturbating at night when her partner is snoring next to her. And another woman feels guilty about "objectifying" her new cross-dressing boyfriend. Is it wrong to be attracted to him in his female garb?
On the Magnum version of the show, Dan chats with John Moe, from ...Read More
Michael Hobbes on Human Trafficking Hysteria
Episode #689 — January 7, 2020
Why, oh why (bemoans this woman,) is it that the indie, cool, female-owned sex stores never carry dildos that are big enough for her? WHY?!
A gay man has been invited to be the man of honor at his sister's wedding. But you know what's weird? The sister is marrying a racist, anti-gay creep who has convinced her that the caller (and all gay people...Read More
The Origins of Herpes Hysteria.
Episode #688 — December 31, 2019
It's kind of the bad actors show. A biting biter bit her boyfriend and drew blood. He didn't like it, so she calls him a baby. A dude wonders if can catch a contact high from sleeping with someone who is on meth. A man is miffed because a couple who came to the wedding didn't sent them a gift. Dan sternly chastises them all. People! It's 2020! Beha...Read More
Subscribe to the Magnum
Ad-free episodes with exclusive extended content
Subscribe now |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43763 | Disappearing Water Experiment
This is a really good experiment. Not only will it fool your family and friends but it will also show how modern scientists have produced materials to make our everyday life easier.
What you will need
1. One nappy
2. One pair of scissors with adult supervision
3. Three identical mugs or cups
4. 50 ml water
5. An audience to applaud at the end
How to do it
1. Carefully cut the nappy down the middle lengthwise.
2. Having done the cutting you can release the adult for more important work
3. Shake out the centre so as to collect all the power contained and gather the powder
4. The powder is called Slush Powder but the scientific name is sodium polyacrylate
5. Put enough powder to just cover the bottom of one mug. It should be about 2 gm
6. Place the three mugs on a table or similar
7. Gather your audience and have them sit down about two metres away
This is the script the Science Boffins use but you can make up your own if you like.
Do you think magic is real?
Show the empty mugs but conceal the bottom of the mug with Slush Powder.
I am going to show you a science trick. Look at these three mugs. You can see that they are all empty. Now I am going to add a little water to one of the mugs.
Pour about 50 ml of water into an empty mug. 1st pour.
Now I’m going to mix them around and you must watch carefully to follow the mug with the water.
Switch the mugs as if in slow motion.
Now can you guess which mug has the water?
Tease a little if you like. Finally pick up the mug with water and pour it into the other empty mug. 2nd pour.
Oh yes, you were right. Now I’m going to do it again, only a little faster.
This time mix the mugs again but do it much more quickly.
Now can you guess?
Again tease.
You were right again.
Pour the water into the mug with the Slush Powder. 3rd pour.
This time I’m going to do it really fast.
Switch them very quickly. Stand in front of the mugs to shield them from view. Play on the howls of protest.
Now can you guess?
They will of course be confused. At this stage you can choose how you proceed.
So some of you think it is this mug. OK I need a brave soul who does not mind an early shower.
Tip the first EMPTY mug over their head. Nothing comes out. Put the upturned mug on the palm of the stooge.
OK, what about this one?
Pick up next empty mug and repeat.
Well then, it must be this one.
Play up the fact you are going to pour water over the stooge’s head. Tip the mug and nothing comes out.
Well what happened there? I’ll tell you. At the start I had hidden in the mug some special powder we call Slush Powder.
Shake out the slush and if viable let (some of) your audience poke it.
Do you know what this is? I bet you have all touched it before.
Now hold up the finger you touched it with.
Aaah you just touched the insides of a baby’s nappy. This is sodium polyacrylate and it is like a super duper sponge that sucks up 400 times its mass in water. If you drank that much water you would be as big as the school.
What happens to the water?
The water is absorbed by the Slush Powder. If you leave the slush for a few days all the water will evaporate and you will end up with the powder again.
See What All The Fuss Is About - Watch The Video Now
We like to think that the UK's original science party is still the best.
But we'd never let you take our word for it.
Press play, below and discover what all the fuss is about!
Play Video
Booking Up Fast, Check Right Now!
Don't miss out - call now on 02089535566 or Click Here to Check Price & Availability right now!
Get in touch right now!
Check Price & Availability Now!
• Date Format: DD slash MM slash YYYY |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43767 | You are on page 1of 2
World History Benchmark Review Write the answer on the line.
Racial inequalities Mxico Imperialism Boer war Capitalism Sepoy Mutiny Serbia Spheres of influence Powder Keg Propaganda Karl Marx Zimmerman Nationalism Utopianism nationalistic and ethnic tensions
________________ believed that most problems in history were due to class struggles. _________________is an economic system based on private ownership of business, investment for person profit, and production of consumer goods. ________________ believed in cooperation and not competition. Social Darwinism was an increase in _____________________. _____________________ was a native resistance movement founded in India. Industrialization encouraged European _________________________, the need to gain resources and expand markets.
3. 4. 5.
7. _______________________ is where a nation has control over trade and other economic activities. 8. In a response to European Imperialism, several wars were fought, __________________, Opium War and the Zulu War. World War I 9. The rise of __________________ is a cause of WWI. 10. Russia entered WWI because of its alliance with _________________. 11. During WWI, governments used ________________ to spread fear and rumors and to represent the enemy as monsters. 12. The Balkan region was referred to as the ___________________. 13. The Balkan region was known as (answer #12) because of _______________________. 14. Germany sent a telegram to ____________________ with the promise to help them recovery lost territory in the United States. 15. This telegram was known as ___________________________ telegram.
Unrestricted submarine warfare France To make the world safe Treaty of Versailles International organization
Germany had already invaded twice discourage military attacks Fourteen Points United States weapons and supplies
16. President Wilsons reason for going to war against Germany in 1917 was ________________________. 17. Alliances formed before WWI in order to ____________________________. 18. Naval warfare during WWI involved ____________________________. 19. ___________________________ limited the size of German military and stripped Germany of their colonies.
20. Wilsons __________________________included; freedom of the seas, free trade, and end to secret treaties. 21. The western front was located along the border of _____________________. 22. Germany had superior ______________________ over the Russian armies. 23. France wanted to punish Germany at the end of WWI because ________________________. 24. The League of Nations was important because it was the first ____________________________ to maintain peace. 25. Because ______________________ was not a member of the League of Nations, it jeopardized its ability to prevent future wars. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43779 |
Sermon Series
• 1. A Framework For Prayer
Contributed on Mar 3, 2006
based on 5 ratings
We are to pray for one another with thankfulness for God’s grace being shown in our lives; with confidence that God is watching over us and will vindicate us in the end. We are to pray that God might see in us the fruit of his Spirit, that he might bring
Today we begin a short series, looking at the prayers of St Paul. What I hope we’ll discover over these 5 Sundays in January is a pattern of prayer that might help us in our own private praying as well as in our communal prayer times together. The framework: Today I want to look at ...read more
• 2. Praying For The Church
Contributed on Mar 3, 2006
based on 5 ratings
The knowledge of the will of God is both the thing that will guide our living and the thing that’ll assure us of our final destiny. But it’s primarily a means to an end. It’s the means by which we can do what is pleasing to God. It’s the means by which we
The reason we’re following this series on the prayers of St Paul is first because if we’re going to pray to God, then it’s good to know something about the God we’re praying to. You could say that the way we pray shows the way we think about God. If your view of God is of someone a bit like Santa ...read more
• 3. Praying For Excellence
Contributed on Mar 3, 2006
based on 5 ratings
Paul prays that his readers love might overflowmore and more wit hfull knowledge and insight
What could you pray for someone who’s new in the faith? What could you pray for someone who’s been a Christian for 50 years? What could you pray for your best friend, or for your husband or wife? What could you pray for those people you’ve never met but who your link missionaries have told you ...read more
• 4. Praying To A Sovereign God
Contributed on Mar 3, 2006
based on 18 ratings
God’s sovereignty is an incentive to prayer because it assures us that when we pray for things that accord with his will, he’ll gladly do them.
Let me ask you something. Did you notice who’s at the centre of Paul’s thinking as he begins this letter to the Ephesians? Who is it who takes centre stage in the life of the Church? Who is it that the church is entirely dependant on for their very existence? There’s the answer in the first ...read more
• 5. Praying For Power
Contributed on Mar 3, 2006
based on 2 ratings
Paul prays for power, not for specific situations but for the power to know the enormity of the love of God.
I wonder if you remember that time in the 80s when there were a string of books published with the idea of power in the title. Here are some examples: Power Evangelism, Power Preaching, How to Release God’s Healing Power Through Prayer, Hidden Power of Speaking in Tongues, Confronting Powerless ...read more |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43811 | Nintendo Labo Customisation Set on Nintendo Switch
Stock status: In Stock
Delivery: FREE UK 1st Class delivery on this item
Price: £4.99
Buy Now
• Build cardboard creations called ‘Toy-Con’ step-by-step using interactive instructions on your Nintendo Switch.
• Combine Toy-Con creations with Nintendo Switch to play in entirely new ways.
• Uncover how each Toy-Con works as you put them together, then use your discoveries to invent new ways to play.
• Customise your Toy-Con creations with your own creative designs. Apply colours and stickers, modify each shape or create custom parts – whatever you want to do to make it your own, one-of-a-kind accessory.
• When you know how the Toy-Con creations work, you can invent all sorts of different ways to play.
Customisation Set Contents:
• Stencil sheet x2
• Sticker sheet x 2
• Tape roll x 2 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43822 | Agile Requirements: Managing Requirements in Scrum Framework
Jimmy Mathew, Agile Consultant
Play Speed
• 0.5x
• 1x (Normal)
• 1.25x
• 1.5x
• 2x
8 Lessons (1h 27m)
• 1. Intro: Course Introduction
• 2. Agile Software Development
• 3. Scrum Framework
• 4. Requirement Basics
• 5. Managing Requirements
• 6. Scrum Events Handling Requirements
• 7. Course Summary
• 8. Outro: Our Courses Skillshare
About This Class
This course discusses how requirements are handled in scrum framework.
This course covers all major aspects of managing requirements in agile software development using Scrum framework. Learn how to create and maintain user stories, user story mapping, breaking, ordering etc. How Prescribed events and activities in scrum processes these requirements.
This course starts with discussions on agile software development and scrum framework. Then it moves to a detailed discussion on requirements.
This course is helpful for anyone who is associated with agile software development or anyone who wish to learn how requirements are managed in agile software development using Scrum framework.
A basic knowledge of software development is helpful in taking this course. This course, in the first session covers the basics of Agile software development and Scrum framework.
This course covers all major aspects of managing requirements in agile software development using Scrum framework. The course starts with product vision, then a detailed discussion on product backlog and user stories. It covers estimation methods used in agile.
Then there is a quick discussion on collecting requirements and a discussion with example on user story mapping. It covers with examples, many techniques for breaking down the user stories. It covers a few methods for ordering/prioritizing product backlog items.
In the final session discusses different prescribed events and activities in scrum, that processes these requirements.
The course ends with a summary of the discussion using a simple image of scrum framework.
This course has some common modules/sessions with our other courses "User Stories: Managing User Stories in Scrum Framework" and "Scrum Product Owner: Agile Product Ownership with Scrum". Also a few topics from our scrum training.
These are the topics covered as part of this course.
• Agile Software Development
• Scrum Framework
• Requirement Basics
Product Vision
Product Backlog
User Stories
Acceptance Criteria
Definition of Ready
Definition of Done
• Managing Requirements
Collecting Requirements
User Story mapping
Splitting user stories
Ordering Backlog Items
Release Planning
• Scrum Events & Activities
Backlog Refinement
The Sprint
Sprint Planning
Daily Scrums
Sprint Review
Sprint Retrospective |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43828 | 28 April 2012
Deja Vu All Over Again
by John M. Floyd
Driving home from the post office the other day, I heard a newsman on National Public Radio say someone "shared this in common" with someone else. That bothered me. (Not enough to make me switch to a rap or gospel music station, but it did bother me.) I've forgotten exactly who he said was sharing something in common with whom, but--to use an example based on a Grisham book I'm currently reading--if you and your father are both baseball fans, you either share a love of baseball with your father or you and your father have that in common. You don't share it in common, and if you say you do you've created a redundancy.
This kind of error can probably be forgiven more easily in speech than in writing. We writers are supposed to know better, and to pay attention to things like that. (So are NPR newscasters, actually.) Not that I am guiltless. Right here in this blog, I recently used the term added bonus. That's a bit silly. If it's a bonus, it is by definition added, and to use both words is redundant. And in real life I'm always talking about something happening the exact same way it happened earlier. Other phrases I use a lot are final outcomeplan ahead, and free gift. Imagine how much time I would save and how much smarter I would sound if I cut out the words exactfinalahead, and free. (There is of course a lesson here, one my wife learned years ago: don't listen too closely to me when I talk.)
Alternative choices
I know what you're thinking. Sometimes phrases containing redundancies are used intentionally, to add emphasis. Examples might be completely surroundedtruly sincereeach and everydefinite decisioncease and desistdirect confrontationforever and ever, etc. Redundancies also come into play when using certain abbreviations, like UPC codeHIV virusplease RSVPDOS operating system, and AC current. My favorite is PIN number. But I still use the term. The technically correct PI number just wouldn't roll off the tongue well, unless maybe you're referring to how many peach cobblers your aunt Bertha made last year.
A working awareness of this kind of thing can be handy to writers, because cutting out redundancies provides us with yet another way to "write tight." An argument can even be made that such common and inoffensive phrases as sit downstand upnod your head, or shrug your shoulders are literary overkill as well, and do nothing except add extra words. Why not just say (or write) sit, stand, nod, and shrug? Where else would you stand but up? What else would you shrug except your shoulders?
Unintentional Mistakes
Even if you're not a writer, here are a few more redundancies that come to mind:
twelve noon
sum total
commute back and forth
mental telepathy
advance reservations
drowned to death
merge together
observe by watching
armed gunman
visible to the eye
for all intents and purposes
hot-water heater
false pretense
hollow tube
disappear from sight
myself personally
a prediction about the future
safe haven
during the course of
regular routine
a variety of different items
filled to capacity
a pair of twins
unexpected surprise*
the reason is because
originally created
red in color
few in number
poisonous venom
could also mean a pair of twins
Do you ever find yourself using these (or similar) phrases when you speak? More importantly, do you embarrass yourself by using them when you write? I try to watch for--and correct--them in my own manuscripts, but I'm sure some of them manage to make it through intact. Can you think of others that I neglected to mention? Are there any that you find particularly irritating?
The End Result
Time for a confession, here: I will probably (and happily) continue to use many of these redundancies in everyday conversation, and even in writing if they're a part of dialogue. Sometimes they just "sound right." But I wouldn't want to use them in a column like this one.
In point of fact, lest any of you protest against forward progress, past history reveals an unconfirmed rumor that a knowledge of repetitious redundancy is an absolute essential and that the issue might possibly grow in size to be a difficult dilemma. If there are any questions about the basic fundamentals, I'll be glad to revert back and spell it out in detail. And even repeat it again.
Or maybe postpone it until later.
Robert Lopresti said...
How about the Dickens' title OUR MUTUAL FRIEND?
a friend of mine (not a mutual one) wrote a song that mentioned a new surprise. REdundant I thought, but changed my mind. I then wrote a song arguing that love is The Same Old Surprise.
Louis A. Willis said...
A professor, or maybe I read it in one of those books on how to write, to write like you speak. So, I often include redundancies, among other incorrect usages, in my first drafts. It forces me to do what I’m sometime reluctant to do, rewrite.
Eve Fisher said...
One example of when redundancy works is a line from Angela Thirkell's "Growing Up", where two upper-crust people discuss a very lower-crust sergeant as "our common friend".
John Floyd said...
I wouldn't have thought of mutual friends and common friends as examples of this, but you're right, that makes sense. And Louis, I'm afraid my first drafts contain far worse things than mere redundancies. I too wind up doing a lot of rewriting.
A close cousin is the cliche, and I'm guilty of using way too many of those, too.
Herschel Cozine said...
One thing that has always puzzled me is the mention of a "more perfect" union in the Constitution. Not necessarily a redundancy, but in my mind unachievable.
PS: My posts never seem to make it until several hours, (or even days) after I post them. Is there anything that can be done about it?
Dale Andrews said...
For years whenever my mother or I would come across one of these the finder would turn to the other and say "an unnecessarily repetitious redundancy." The other would nod sagely and say "Yeah, reiterated over and over with the same meaning but with different words."
I really miss my mother!
On a different subject, Calico Joe was a nice little read, wasn't it?
Herschel Cozine said...
Yogi Berra once said that the Yankees lost the World Series because they made too many wrong mistakes.
In an earlier comment which was not posted I wondered about the wording of the preamble to the Constitution about creating a "more perfect" union. Not a redundancy, of course. What would one call it?
John Floyd said...
Herschel, your comments are now posted--sorry for the delay. They somehow got routed to a spam folder, heaven knows why. I and the other sayers of sleuth have been wrestling with our comment system for some time now. I apologize.
Dale, I did indeed enjoy Calico Joe. It does what the best fiction usually does: it entertains while teaching a life lesson (in this case, forgiveness).
Robert Lopresti said...
I forgot to add: "This program was brought to you by the Department of Redndancy Department, which brought you this program."
As I recall, when the Supreme Court had to rule about some cases involving the Civil War they argued that a "more perfect union" was harder to break up than a regularly perfect union, and this was an argument for interpreting the law as if the states had never left. Part of the legal principle that every word in a law means something. IANAL...
Wayne Anderson said...
John, if I remember correctly, "false pretense" is a specific crime of fraud in Mississippi. So the redundancy is made acceptable by statute.
I remember an incident from years ago in which an employee at my workplace was sent to a seminar on how to be successful. When he was asked what he learned, he stated that the primary element to assure success is to have "self-confidence in yourself." I always wondered if that was the way the seminar instructor phrased it.
John Floyd said...
Wayne, believe me, you don't want to start drawing any grammar conclusions based on the wording of our Mississippi statutes.
As for the instructor you mentioned, I bet he'd be so pleased to know he's being used as an example! That would do a lot for his self-confidence in himself.
Unknown said...
It's deja vu all over again makes me want to violently attack the person that said it. I know Yogi Berra said it originally,but that's fine, he said a ton of redundant things as jokes. It's the idiots who think that is how to correctly say that you have experienced deja vu that make me see red. Surprisingly, most on the list never bothered me, I'm sure they will now. I'll notice them everytime now. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43832 | Trauma- Horizontal Root Fracture
This video provides an overview of what constitutes a horizontal root fracture, potential symptoms to look out for, and the importance of consulting your doctor properly diagnose and treat it.
Share this post with your friends
Share on facebook
Share on google
Share on twitter
Share on linkedin |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43857 | Learn New Words FAST with this Lesson’s Vocab Review List
Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?
Lesson Notes
Unlock In-Depth Explanations & Exclusive Takeaways with Printable Lesson Notes
Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?
Lesson Transcript
Dylan: Hola, hola a todos, habla Dylan. ¡Bienvenidos!
Carlos: What’s going on Pod101 world? My names is Carlos. Beginner Series Season 3, Lesson number 13 – Using “vos” in Spanish imperatives. Don’t ask me next time.
Dylan: Hello, everyone. I'm Dylan and welcome to SpanishPod101.com.
Carlos: With us you’ll learn to speak Spanish with fun and effective lessons.
Dylan: We also provide you with cultural insights.
Carlos: And tips you won’t find in a textbook. In this lesson, you will learn about commands using “vos”.
Dylan: We have to continue these studies.
Carlos: I mean, really, it’s the only right thing to do.
Dylan: You know, Mateo finally found his way.
Carlos: Finally?
Dylan: Finally.
Carlos: Now, who is he meeting?
Dylan: He’s meeting Pablo. And while the conversation stays informal, Mateo isn’t that happy.
Carlos: Now, if you’re listening to an iPod…
Dylan: Or an iTouch or an iPhone…
Carlos: Click the center button of the iPod or tap the screen on the iTouch or iPhone to see the notes for this lesson while you listen.
Dylan: Read along while you listen.
Carlos: This technique will help you remember faster, ok? Let’s listen to the conversation. That’s just really annoying when you’re friend’s like, “Dude, you were like so close!” “Well, thanks. I don’t really care that I was close now that I'm here cause I was lost.”
MATEO: Mire, Pablo, fue una odisea.
PABLO: Pero, ¿qué dice?.. si es cerca.
MATEO: No sabe la perdida que me di.. ¡una mujer me mandó al limbo!
PABLO: Bueno, y ¿cómo fue que llegó?
MATEO: Yo seguí hasta el parque, luego dos cuadras al sur, en la esquina en la tienda de zapatos... directo... crucé la calle y llegué a la iglesia.
PABLO: ¡Hombre! Usted andaba del otro lado, para llegar aquí sólo camina de su puerta, ¡directo cuatro cuadras y ya!
MATEO: ¡¡¡Qué!!! ¡No le vuelvo a preguntar!
MATEO: Look Pablo, it was an odyssey.
PABLO: But, what are you saying? ...it's close.
MATEO: You don't know how lost I was...one woman sent me to limbo.
PABLO: All right, so how did you end up getting here?
MATEO: I continued to the park, then two blocks south, at the corner where the shoe store is... straight...I crossed the street and reached the church.
PABLO: Man! You were coming from the other side. To get here you just walk out your door, four blocks straight ahead, and that's it!
MATEO: Fine! I won't ask you again!
Dylan: Exactly. And that lady who sent him to limbo? Man…
Carlos: Well, she was trying to be nice.
Dylan: Poor guy.
Carlos: But hatred, hatred. Whatever, it happens sometimes.
Dylan: It does.
Carlos: But you know what, let’s take a look at the vocabulary for this lesson.
Dylan: Let’s. “Odisea”.
Carlos: “Odyssey”, “ordeal.”
Dylan: “O-di-se-a”, “Odisea”. “Mandar”.
Carlos: “To order”, “to send”, “to be in charge.”
Dylan: “Man-dar”, “mandar”. “Directo”.
Carlos: “Direct”, “straight.”
Dylan: “Di-rec-to”, “directo”. “Iglesia”.
Carlos: “Church.”
Dylan: “I-gle-sia”, “iglesia”. “Andar”.
Carlos: “To walk”, “to wander.”
Dylan: “An-dar”, “andar”. “Cerca”.
Carlos: “Near”, “nearby.”
Dylan: “Cer-ca”, “cerca”.
Carlos: Let’s have a closer look at some of the words and vocabulary from this lesson. The first word we’ll look at is…
Dylan: “Odisea”.
Carlos: “Odisea”.
Dylan: Do you know what that means?
Carlos: I think so.
Dylan: Well, it’s actually quite similar.
Carlos: The name for the Russian city of Odessa?
Dylan: No, “odyssey”.
Carlos: Ah, ok, I can see that.
Dylan: Well, yeah. Sometimes you only need to hear it once and bam, you got it.
Carlos: You know, The Odyssey was one of those books that I had hated in school. Well, reading it, I hated reading it, but I loved the actual story.
Dylan: Or the summary, you mean.
Carlos: Yeah, summary, cliff notes, that too.
Dylan: Well then provide us with a quick summary of The Odyssey.
Carlos: Ok, The Odyssey is the story of Odysseus, a king who fights in the Trojan war, kind of ticks off a God or a couple of God, and is forced to wonder for about 10 years.
Dylan: There is a bit more than that but you got the nugget that we need.
Carlos: The nugget?
Dylan: Yeah, the nugget. The story is the actual source of the word’s meaning.
Carlos: What, a journey?
Dylan: Yes, well, not just a journey. An odyssey is a journey that isn’t exactly easy, it’s more like an ordeal.
Carlos: Ah ok, so it makes sense now when Mateo tells Pablo, “mira Pablo, fue una odisea”.
Dylan: “Look Pablo, it was an odyssey.” After all these lessons, he just got there. Yeah, you better believe it was an ordeal for him.
Carlos: I believe it. You know, now that you gave me the definition, I think I can come up with an example sentence.
Dylan: Less work for me. Go ahead.
Carlos: “Viajar por toda Centroamérica en bus es toda una odisea”. “Traveling through Central American by bus is an odyssey.”
Dylan: But by that example, I can give you a related word.
Carlos: Why would that example?
Dylan: Well, it was an ordeal, but I bet you it was exciting. So it may have been an odyssey, but also an “aventura”, “an adventure”.
Carlos: You could call it that. You always think adventures are fun in the movies and such, but not in real life, not really.
Dylan: Well, of course they are. Next up we have a verb, “mandar”.
Carlos: This I know. “Mandar”, “to order”, “to send”, “to be in charge”.
Dylan: You couldn’t get “odisea” but you know “mandar”?
Carlos: What can I say? Some things you know, some things you don’t. it’s just because I learned all about text messages.
Dylan: Ah ok, now that makes sense.
Carlos: But I love it when Mateo is getting all excited and says “una mujer me mandó al limbo”.
Dylan: “One woman sent me to limbo.” God, I hate being lost, especially when you’re trying to find your way. People are trying to help you but they aren’t really giving you the correct directions.
Carlos: I figured you’d be used to it by now. I actually have a sample sentence that I use quite frequently. It helped me a lot with sentence construction.
Dylan: Yeah? What’s that?
Carlos: “Te mandaré un mensaje de texto”, “I will send you a text message.”
Dylan: Nice, use just the future tense. Getting advanced, Carlos.
Carlos: I wouldn’t say advanced. I’d say intermediate, probably lower intermediate, maybe a little high beginner. But, you know, I’ll consider myself advanced when I can use the subjunctive perfectly.
Dylan: Carlos, this is a Beginner Series lesson, no mentioning of the subjunctive. It may scare them.
Carlos: Sorry, sorry, Dylan. It won’t happen again. Let me change the subject to related words.
Dylan: We have the noun “mandato”, which means “order”, “command”, “mandate”.
Carlos: So that means should be said “mandato”.
Dylan: If you want but I don’t think that’s necessary.
Carlos: Sometimes you’re just no fun, Dylan.
Dylan: You know you don’t mean that…
Carlos: I know.
Dylan: Good, “directo al punto”.
Carlos: “Straight to the point.” Ah wait, “directo” is our next word, isn’t it?
Dylan: Right. “Directo” is an adjective that means “straight” or “direct”.
Carlos: A very important direction adjective.
Dylan: Which is why Mateo uses it when he’s trying to explain to Pablo how he finally arrived.
Carlos: “Yo seguí hasta el parque, luego a dos cuadras al sur, en la esquina en la tienda de zapatos, directo crucé la calle y llegué a la iglesia”.
Dylan: I continued to the park, then two blocks south, at the corner where the shoe store is, straight. I crossed the street and reached the church.
Carlos: That sounded simple enough, I mean I remember another address I had and it was so easy to remember. “Mi casa está directo a la plaza”. “My house is straight from the plaza”, and you know you can't miss the plaza.
Dylan: No, but you forgot one thing.
Carlos: And what’s that?
Dylan: You didn’t specify which “plaza”.
Carlos: Ok, good point. I guess it wasn’t so easy after all.
Dylan: Well, I guess not. But “directo” is also an adjective that can be used to describe a person, like “Carlos es un hombre muy directo”.
Carlos: I can be direct, but I mean it in the best way possible. How about a related word?
Dylan: There is one that is really easy.
Carlos: Why would you say that?
Dylan: Because it’s already in the adjective, “directo”. It’s just another adjective, “recto”.
Carlos: That’s not just [inaudible 00:06:29] slang?
Dylan: No. it’s a word in its own right. “Recto”, “straight”.
Carlos: So I could use either?
Dylan: Whichever, it doesn’t really matter.
Carlos: Nice to know. I like things that make life easier.
Dylan: Always good. Ok, next. A noun, “iglesia”.
Carlos: Hold on, let me cross myself. Good, this means “church”.
Dylan: Correct. I knew you were a good catholic boy.
Carlos: I wouldn’t say all that but yeah, I know what “iglesia” means. Plus, we already heard it in our last example from the conversation. “Yo seguí hasta el parque, luego a dos cuadras al sur, en la esquina en la tienda de zapatos, directo crucé la calle y llegué a la iglesia”.
Carlos: Everything is always easy to find when you start from the church, especially salvation.
Dylan: You need the correct directions first but yeah, generally a church is the center of any town. Anything [inaudible 00:07:27] out from that.
Carlos: Yeah, but you know right now in my town it’s kind of hectic.
Dylan: Yeah? Why is that?
Carlos: Because “la iglesia de mi barrio está en construcción”.
Dylan: How long has your church in your neighborhood been under construction.
Carlos: About two months, and with the rate of work in this place, I'm sure it will be like that for another four or five years.
Dylan: Ugh, I wouldn’t be surprised.
Carlos: Now, any church related to this word. Easier to translate than “iglesia”.
Dylan: And what’s that?
Carlos: “Religión”, “religion”.
Dylan: Yeah, Carlos, they kind of go hand in hand.
Carlos: And that’s why it is a related word. Ok, next.
Dylan: “Andar”.
Carlos: A very cool verb.
Dylan: Why cool?
Carlos: “To walk” or, more fittingly, “to wander”.
Dylan: I can see how that would appeal to you.
Carlos: You’re kidding me? I love wandering.
Dylan: Where did you learn that word?
Carlos: When I was transcribing lyrics to a song in Spanish that I like, one of them was this song I started with, “me gusta andar”, and I asked somebody if it meant “I like to walk”, cause that’s what the dictionary said. And they said it kind of means more like “wandering”, and so once they said that this song kind of made a lot more sense to me. I mean after all wandering is just another level of walking.
Dylan: Yeah, can you sing a little bit of that song for me, Carlos?
Carlos: Not right now.
Dylan: Pablo is using “andar” in the sense of “caminar” when he says “vos andabas del otro lado, para llegar aquí solo caminás de tu puerta directo cuatro cuadras y ya”.
Carlos: “To get here you just walk out your door, four blocks straight ahead and that’s it.”
Dylan: So “andar” doesn’t have to be so free-spirited all the time.
Carlos: We have already mentioned the verb “caminar” as a related word, but I know a noun that holds to my definition of “andar” as a free-spirited verb.
Dylan: Oh yeah? And what’s that?
Carlos: “Andanzas”, a feminine plural noun that means “adventures”. And what’s a more spirited than that.
Dylan: I never disagree with you. Just think, it is important to point out that “andar” can be used in a quite mundane way, but that is a very good related word, Carlos.
Carlos: Thank you, Dylan.
Dylan: Well, last but not least we have an adverb.
Carlos: Now I’ve said it before and I will say it again, I love two for the price of one.
Dylan: “Cerca”.
Carlos: “Cerca”, “close”.
Dylan: “Si es cerca”, “it is close”, which is what Pablo says Mateo.
Carlos: But I'm sure that Mateo isn’t in a mood to hear that.
Dylan: No, not at all.
Carlos: Well, can you think of related sentences? I'm all out?
Dylan: Here’s one you want to memorize “vente más cerca, “come closer”.
Carlos: Hah, you know what, that is a good tip, Dylan. Hear that, gentlemen? You’re out and about, and you meet a girl who only speaks Spanish, surprise her by not only smiling and nodding, but just coming out of nowhere and saying…
Dylan: “Vente más cerca”.
Carlos: “Come closer”, guaranteed to surprise her.
Dylan: Guaranteed.
Carlos: Especially if that’s the first Spanish you use.
Dylan: There is a verb that is related to “cerca”.
Carlos: Really? I didn’t know that.
Dylan: Yes, “cercar”, which is “to fence in”, “to enclose” or “surround”. Forgot to mention, “cerca” is also a noun that means “fence”.
Carlos: Ah ok, now that makes sense.
Dylan: Carlos, remember in the last couple of lessons we discussed “vos”?
Carlos: How could I forget?
Dylan: Well, today we’re going to continue talking about the phenomenon of “vos”, but this time commands.
Carlos: The imperative you say, huh? Always good to know. Commands can be confusing at times.
Dylan: Let’s do a quick retake.
Carlos: Sure.
Dylan: What is the relationship between the second person singular “tú” with “vos”?
Carlos: Well, “vos” can be used in the place of the second person singular.
Dylan: Careful because that’s in Costa Rica.
Carlos: It’s not like that in other countries where “vos” is used?
Dylan: No. The second usage is the standard in places like Argentina and Uruguay.
Carlos: So is Costa Rica the only country where “vos” is used interchangeably with “tú”?
Dylan: No, you can also use “vos” interchangeably in Bolivia and Chile, so don’t worry. Plus, if you used “tú” instead of “vos” in Argentina or Uruguay, they will still understand you.
Carlos: Ah, ok.
Dylan: Now, aside from the different pronoun, verbs used with “vos” have different endings in the present tense of the indicative mood as well as in the imperative mode.
Lesson focus
Carlos: And we’re covering the imperative today if I'm not mistaken.
Dylan: Exactly. Today we’re going to outline the general rules for using the imperative mode, for example commands with the second person singular who’s pronoun is “vos”.
Carlos: Great. This I have to pay attention to.
Dylan: What? You don’t usually pay attention?
Carlos: Well some things more than others. You know I kind of go…
Dylan: Well, listen. Forming affirmative commands using “vos” is easy. All you have to do is use the following personal endings.
Carlos: Personal endings?
Dylan: For AR verbs, A. For ER verbs, E. And for IR verbs, I.
Carlos: Is there a difference for negative commands?
Dylan: To form negative commands addressing “vos”, all of the forms are identical to the forms we use for “tú”. For AR verbs, S. For ER verbs, AS. And for IR verbs, AS.
Carlos: Ok, ok, I'm still with you. It seems easy enough so far.
Dylan: Let’s check out an AR verb. You pick one.
Carlos: Ok. One that is fitting to right now. “Escuchar”, “to listen”.
Dylan: Ok, to form affirmative commands using “vos” for AR verbs, follow this formula. Infinitive stem plus A.
Carlos: That’s it?
Dylan: That’s it.
Carlos: So then we would have “escuch-”? That’s funny. “Escuch-” No, no, no. So we have “escuch-” plus A. and in an affirmative command I could say “¡escucha, vos!”, “Listen, you!”
Dylan: Good one.
Carlos: It’s not mine. Someone was screaming at me and when they said it, I just happened to be listening. So in a sense I was already doing what they asked.
Dylan: Well, whatever you say. Now pick an ER verb.
Carlos: “Comer”, “to eat”.
Dylan: Good. So remember we have the personal endings E, so infinitive stem “com-” plus E.
Carlos: “¡Comé, vos! “Eat, you!”
Dylan: No one ever had said that to you, did they?
Carlos: No, can’t say I’ve ever heard it.
Dylan: Ok, well, last but not least, IR verbs.
Carlos: “Partir”, “to leave”.
Dylan: You remember the formula now? Go for it.
Carlos: Ok, you could have said that using “vos” but here I go. Infinitive stem plus I, so “part-” plus “I”, “¡partí, vos!”, “Leave, you!”
Dylan: So are positive commands clear?
Carlos: Positive.
Dylan: There are two sides to every coin, Carlos, so here comes negative commands.
Carlos: Man, I hate negative things. So is there a formula for this?
Dylan: Well let’s use the same verbs you picked. “Escuchar”, “comer” and “partir”, just to make things easier.
Carlos: So what’s the formula?
Dylan: For negative commands, remember the endings are different. For AR verbs, “no” plus infinitive stem plus E-S, ES.
Carlos: So for “escuchar” we have “no” plus “escuch-” plus ES, so “¡no escuches, vos!”. “Don’t you listen!”
Dylan: For ER verbs, “no” plus infinitive stem plus AS.
Carlos: So “no” plus “com-” plus A-S or AS so “comer” becomes “¡no comas, vos!”, “Don’t you eat!” I’ve been told that plenty of times.
Dylan: Yeah, I bet. Then finally for IR verbs, “no” plus infinitive stem plus AS.
Carlos: So for “partir” we’d have “no” plus “part-” plus AS, A-S, “¡no partás, vos!”, “Don’t you leave!” Please, don’t leave!
Dylan: Write down the formulas and take them out every now and again. Once you get them down it will be easy to give your commands using “vos”, considering the fact that you are in Costa Rica, Carlos.
Carlos: That’s true. Now how about some examples with commands using “vos”?
Dylan: “¡Mírame cuando te hablo!”
Carlos: Oh my god, you sound like my mom. “Look at me when I'm talking to you!”
Dylan: Yes, affirmative. “¡No me mires! Mi pelo está hecho un desastre”.
Carlos: Ah, “Don’t look at me! My hair Is a disaster.” And that’s the part where I say, “No, no, not at all. You’ve never looked better! Oh my God, ¡qué bella!.”
Dylan: Oh my God, and she falls for this? She’s already told you her hair looks like crap.
Carlos: You all fall for it. No, no, no, I insist, I'm going to go. No, no, it’s ok.
Dylan: Yeah, yeah, yeah. “¡Comed todo lo que vos querás!”
Carlos: Affirmative. “Eat all that you want!” well, that’s always something I want to hear.
Dylan: “¡No comas tanto o te va a salir una panza!”
Carlos: Negative. “Don’t eat so much or else you’ll get a pouch!”
Dylan: “¡Escribime una carta cuando vos llegués!”
Carlos: Affirmative. “Write me a letter when you arrive!”
Dylan: “¡No me escribas si vos no me vas a decir cosas bonitas!”
Carlos: Negative. “Don’t write to me if you’re not going to tell me nice things!”
Dylan: Remember that using “voseo” is a regional tendency and that every form of Spanish is made up of regional tendencies. “Voseo”, however, is very distinct and since “vos” is a pronoun all on its own, and since it receives different personal endings in the present tense of the indicative mode and in the imperative mode as we’ve seen today, it could be confusing to the untrained ear. Right, Carlos?
Carlos: Huh? Ah right.
Dylan: However, it’s also important to realize that if you’re in a place like Argentina where the “voseo” is the standard or in Costa Rica, where it is used interchangeably with “tú”.
Carlos: If you use the “tú” form, it’s not like the person you’re speaking to will not understand you. On the contrary, speakers who prefer “vos” over “tú” understand and can use both forms.
Dylan: With that being said, it’s definitely a good idea to learn to recognize the “voseo”. And if you’re interested in really giving your Spanish some flavor, it’s a good idea to learn how to use it as well.
Carlos: Ok, guys, that just about does it for today. Dylan, I’d like to share a study tip a listener shared with us.
Dylan: Ah, you’re talking about the student who uses just the conversation tracks to review the lessons.
Carlos: As always, Dylan, you read my mind.
Dylan: You’re right, Carlos.
Carlos: Yes, you know, a listener of ours listens to each lesson several times.
Dylan: Then afterwards, they get the conversation-only track from our site.
Carlos: She then listens to them on shuffle again and again. She created her own immersion program using SpanishPod101.com.
Dylan: This is a great idea. Please give it a try and let us know what you think.
Carlos: ¡Nos vemos!
Dylan: ¡Chao!
Spanish Grammar Made Easy - Unlock This Lesson’s Grammar Guide
Or sign up using Facebook
Already a Member?
Please to leave a comment.
Tuesday at 6:30 pm
Pinned Comment
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
Thanks to Herman Pearl for the music in today's lesson! I hate it when I arrive somewhere after being lost and I am told, "What do you mean you were lost, it is so easy to get here!"
Sunday at 6:58 am
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
The audio dialog uses, as expected, the informal version using "vos". However, in the written transcript, it uses the formal Spanish version using "usted". The transcript should be change to match the actual dialog used.
Rodney Prince
Saturday at 12:06 am
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
Hey Carlos,
With so many other things to learn and challenges to over come, I've just been reluctant to tackle vos. Eventually I'll get to it, but since I don't have anyone to practice vos with yet, I've put it on the backburner.
I'm hoping that as you all do more and more lesson using vos, I'll just sort of absorb it with out having to study it per se. :smile:
Hmm, now that I think about it, I do have a friend from Argentina. Maybe I should study up a little bit and try it out with him. Vamos a ver. I'll try it and let you know how it goes.
Friday at 12:31 pm
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
Thanks Rodney!
Tackling 'vos' isn't as hard as it may sound. Generally, it is used interchangeably with 'tú'. In countries like Costa Rica where it is used, it will add some flavor to your Spanish. 'Tú' is used in 95% of the Spanish speaking population of the western hemisphere. Learning 'vos' is just an extra little tool on your belt if you want to really impress. Is there a specific question you have on conjugation or just usage in general? :lol:
Rodney Prince
Thursday at 11:13 pm
Your comment is awaiting moderation.
Another great lesson. I found the dialog regarding giving directions very helpful. Although I'm still pretty reluctant to take on the challenge of learning vos. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43867 | Does thoracic manipulation effectively treat subacromial pain?
Don Hutchison holds his shoulder in pain 2001. REUTERS/Ian Hodgson
In 2018 Jeremy Lewis, Ph.D. raised a controversial point in his editorial titled The End of an Era?(1) He proposed that surgery for subacromial pain may be unnecessary as the acromion may not impinge structures as once believed. He also presents physical therapy and exercise for shoulder pain as an equally effective strategy. He makes an interesting recommendation that
“… although manual therapy may only have a short-term effect and provide no difference in functional outcome measurements…its addition might improve patient-perceived success at 4 weeks and 6 months, and acceptability of symptoms at 4 weeks.(1)
Dr. Lewis asserts that manual therapy, indeed surgery itself, may be a placebo treatment, yet also a completely acceptable addition to a treatment plan. Researchers in Connecticut investigated whether upper thoracic spinal manipulations might indeed be a beneficial, rather than a placebo, component in the treatment of shoulder pain(2). They enrolled 60 recreationally active adults, ages 18-65, with shoulder pain in the study and randomly assigned them to one of three groups:
• Supine thoracic spine thrust manipulation (TSTM)
• Seated TSTM
• Sham manipulation
All subjects tested positively for at least three signs of subacromial pain:
1. Anterolateral shoulder pain
2. + Neer or Hawkins-Kennedy test
3. Painful arc
4. AROM shoulder abduction > 90º
5. + Pain with isometric resisted abduction or external rotation
The researchers administered the following baseline measurements to all participants:
• Penn Shoulder Score
• Scapular upward rotation and posterior tilt during both AROM and PROM of the shoulder
• Pectoralis minor muscle length
• Peak isometric force of middle and lower trapezius and serratus anterior
The examiner was blinded to the assignment of the subject when administering the baseline test, but not when conducting the same tests post-intervention.
After the baseline assessment, the subjects received one of the three treatment interventions to the spine between the levels of C7 and T4, two times during one treatment session. Immediately after the treatment, the same baseline tests were given except for the Penn Shoulder Score, which was administered 48 hours after the intervention.
The researchers reported the change in scores for the tests from baseline to post-intervention for all three interventions and compared them. The results showed no significant difference in the change in score between the three interventions. Nor do the investigators report a significant change in score within a treatment approach. While they offer many reasons why their hypothesis that the TSTM would positively impact one of the measured outcomes was possibly not proven, the reasoning seems a bit far-fetched. For instance, they assert that only 20% of the subjects were interested in receiving treatment for their shoulder pain. This implies that perhaps the participants didn’t have significant enough pain or dysfunction. Yet, they each had to test positively for three diagnostic conditions. Indeed even the sham test failed to produce “patient perceived success,” as Dr. Lewis wistfully suggests(1). While disappointing to the investigators, this well-conducted study seems to conclude that TSTM does not affect scapular movement, position, or subacromial pain. Therefore, it has no place in the evidence-based treatment of this condition.
1. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther.2018;48(3):127-129
2. 2019 Oct;49(10):716-724
Share this
Follow us |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43868 | 18 Drupal Security Modules You Need to Start Using for Your Site
18 Drupal Security Modules You Need to Start Using for Your Site
author By Akshita Rawat Mar 13, 2019
18 Drupal Security Modules You Need to Start Using for Your Site
Submit guest post
The number of data breaches and exposed records in the U.S. has reached the highest figures to date in 2017. While practically every CMS talks about the scalability and user experience, security still remains a critical component that doesn’t get as much air time as it should.
Drupal has a reputation when it comes to security. According to 2017 Sucuri hacked website reports, Drupal is one of the least infected CMS for that year.
Drupal is one of the least infected CMS for that year
Source: Hacked Website Report 2017 Statistics
Several government, educational, and global enterprises are opting for Drupal for its security, and content management. Taking a look at Drupal’s top security modules:
Top Drupal Security Modules
Challenge Response and Spam Detection Modules
Challenge–response authentication is a protocol where the user is presented with a question. Failing to provide the right answer, the user may be debarred from accessing the website.
We all have come across the captcha response which ensures that the spambots are filtered out. Here are the top challenge-response and spam detection modules:
1. Captcha: A challenge-response test, which is often placed within the web forms to determine whether the user is human. The purpose of CAPTCHA is to block form submissions by spambots. The module provides this feature to virtually any user-facing web form on a Drupal site.
2. reCaptcha: Using Google reCAPTCHA web service, the module helps to improvise the CAPTCHA system. It helps you detect abusive traffic on your website without any user friction.
3. Spamicide: It aims to prevent spam submission to any form on your Drupal website. Spamicide adds an input field to each form then hides it with CSS. When spam bots fill in the field, the form is discarded.
The field, and matching .css file, are named in such a way so as to not let on that it is a spam defeating device, and can be set by the admins to almost anything they like. It can also show if and when a particular form has been compromised, allowing the admin to change the form's field name (and corresponding .css file) to something else.
4. Honeypot: It uses a method to inculcate a fake input field into the form which is only visible to the bots. Honeypot uses both the honeypot and timestamp methods of deterring spam bots from completing forms on your Drupal site.
The module currently supports all forms on the site, or particular forms like user registration or password reset forms, web forms, contact forms, node forms, and comment forms.
5. Antibot - An extremely lightweight module designed to eliminate robotic form submissions, Antibot works completely behind the scenes and doesn't require any interaction from the end-users (no annoying CAPTCHAs!) with an exception to enabled Javascript.
“In case your website is built on Drupal 8 you can use up to 187 modules".
Authentication Module
A number of systems have been developed that allow domain name owners to identify an email address as authorized. While not directly attacking spam, these systems make it much harder to spoof addresses, a common technique of spammers.
6. Oauth - Providing a method for clients to access server resources on behalf of a resource owner (such as a different client or an end-user). OAuth provides a process for end-users to authorize third-party access to their server resources without sharing their credentials (typically, a username and password pair), using user-agent re-directions.
7. LDAP - The Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) provides authentication, user provisioning, authorization, feeds, and views.
8. Secure Login - For sites that are available via both HTTP and HTTPS, Secure Login ensures that the user login and other forms are submitted securely via HTTPS. It helps prevent passwords and ther private user data from being transmitted in the process.
The module locks down not just the user/login page but also any page containing the user login block, and any other forms that you configure to be secured.
Secure Login module enforces secure authenticated session cookies, thus preventing session hijacking by eavesdroppers.
9. SimpleSAML - This module integrates Drupal with SimpleSAMLphp, the most robust and complete implementation of SAML in PHP. It makes it possible for Drupal to communicate with SAML or Shibboleth identity providers (IdP) for authenticating users. The resulting Drupal site can effectively act as a SAML or Shibboleth service provider (SP).
Repeatedly using the same or 'weak' passwords can leave you vulnerable to hackers. If the password is hacked, your personal and sensitive information could be prone to misuse.
10. Password policy - A password policy can be defined with a set of constraints which must be met before a user password change will be accepted. Each constraint has a parameter allowing for the minimum number of valid conditions which must be met before the constraint is satisfied.
11. Encrypt - With an API for performing symmetric encryption, Encrypt allows encryption and decryption of data in a standardized manner. Aside from administration pages to manage encryption profiles, it supports a variety of ciphers for strong encryption.
Admin and User Security
Users, roles and permissions are key components of website security, and they're of major importance in Drupal as well.
12. Admin per menu - Users with no admin access will, by default, not be able to see the menu item. Drupal allows only users with the Administer menus and menu items permission to add, modify or delete menu items, thus preventing the possibility of accidents and security breaches.Menu Admin per Menu allows giving ‘roles per menu’ admin permissions without giving them full admin permission.
13. Username Enumeration prevention - There is a way to exploit the system by using a technique called username enumeration. By using the forgot password form and a technique called “username enumeration”, the attacker can enter a username that does not exist and they will get a response from Drupal saying so.User Enumeration Prevention prevents this from happening.
When the module is enabled, the error message will be replaced for the same message as a valid user and they will be redirected back to the login form. If the user does not exist, no password reset email will be sent, but the attacker will not know this is the case.
14. Key - Empowering the site administrator by letting them define how and where keys are stored, Key elevates the security by meeting the regulatory requirements. In the end, it ensures that sensitive keys (encryption keys and API) are managed and security is improved.
While the above mentioned modules cover the majority of the security modules, here are some more you can use:
15. SecKit - SecKit provides Drupal with various security-hardening options. This lets your mitigate the risks of exploitation of different web application vulnerabilities.It secures the site from cross site scripting, click jacking, cross site request forgery, and SSL/TLS.
16. Persistent login - The Persistent Login module provides a "Remember Me" option on the user login form. Persistent Login is independent of the PHP session settings and is more secure (and user-friendly) than simply setting a long PHP session lifetime.
17. Mime detection - MimeDetect provides a complete system for detecting the actual content of files in your Drupal site.
By default, Drupal provides a "guessing" system based on the filename extension. This is very weak and your site could store files with real content different from the one indicated by its extension.
18. Paranoia - The Paranoia module attempts to identify all the places that a user can evaluate PHP via Drupal's web interface and then block those. It reduces the potential impact of an attacker gaining elevated permission on a Drupal site.
The specific features are:
1. Disable granting of the "use PHP for block visibility" permission.
2. Disable creation of input formats that use the PHP filter.
3. Disable editing the user #1 account.
4. Prevent granting risky permissions.
Looking for better security options? Drop us a line and our Drupal experts will be in touch.
Write to us
Contact us |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43882 | XML Sitemap
URLPriorityChange frequencyLast modified (GMT)
https://www.stillcellars.com/stories-with-spirit-will-be-rescheduled/20%Monthly2017-05-18 21:56 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43899 | corner graphic Hi,
Finding the new version too difficult to understand? Go to
Bible Commentaries
Wells of Living Water Commentary
Romans 2
Other Authors
Verses 1-10
The Sinful Heart
Romans 2:1-10
1. God's X-ray picture of the human heart. At the close of the first chapter of Romans, there is such a graphic description of the heart of sin, that we can scarcely refrain from using it as an introduction to our study in the second chapter of Romans.
(1) God describes the heart in the Old Testament along the same line, when He says: "The heart is deceitful above all things, and desperately wicked: who can know it?"
(2) In the New Testament, in Romans, we have this plain fact demonstrated, that God knows the heart, and knows how to describe it. He says: "Being filled with all unrighteousness, fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness," etc. Turn to Romans 1:29-31 and read for yourself the full description.
(3) The human heart as seen by its actions. This is set forth in Romans 3:1-31 . The wicked, "They are all gone out of the way, they are together become unprofitable: * * with their tongues they have used deceit; the poison of asps is under their lips: whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness: their feet are swift to shed blood."
(4) Our Lord's own description of the hitman heart. Christ said: "For out of the heart proceed evil thoughts, murders, adulteries, fornications, thefts, false witness, blasphemies."
(5) To the above four descriptions, we add a fifth. In Galatians it is written: "Now the works of the flesh are manifest, which are these; adultery, fornication, uncleanness, lasciviousness, idolatry, witchcraft, hatred, variance, emulations, wrath, strife, seditions, heresies, envyings, murders, drunkenness, revellings, and such like."
2. What God's X-ray pictures suggest.
(1) They suggest that there is nothing in a man which can merit redemption. The heart of sin cannot make a plea to God for redemption, on the basis of its own inherent purity. There is only one way that the sinner can come to God, that way is by the acknowledgment of his sin.
(2) They suggest the impossibility of the heart of sin producing righteousness. An evil heart cannot bring forth good fruit, any more than a corrupt tree could bring forth good fruit. It is impossible for a bitter fountain to emit sweet water. It is just as impossible for those accustomed to doing evil, to learn to do good. The only hope of a sinner lies in regeneration not in reformation.
(3) They suggest that one sinner cannot sit in judgment and condemn another sinner. This is true, for the simple reason that all have sinned. The pot, dare not call the kettle black; the hunchback, dare not point the finger of scorn at the stoop shouldered. If a sinner rises up to condemn another sinner; in the same breath, he condemns himself, for he is doing the same things.
(4) They suggest that. God's judgment against the ungodly is altogether righteous. There is nothing left for a holy God to do, than to refuse the unholy the right to His sacred presence; there is nothing else that a holy God can do than to refuse the guilty, a shadow of comfort at the judgment.
It is for this reason that the Holy Spirit in Romans 2:3 says: "Thinkest thou this, O man, that judgest them which do such things, and doest the same, that thou shalt escape the judgment of God?"
(5) They suggest and anticipate the fiat of God's righteous judgment as expressed in Romans 3:19 : "That every mouth may be stopped, and all the world may become guilty before God." They suggest, also, the truth of the statement of the next verse, "Therefore by the deeds of the Law there shall no flesh be justified in His sight."
In our last study we spoke briefly of the judgments of God. We wish now to emphasize a distinctive phase of those judgments.
1. God's judgments are according to truth.
(1) This is made possible by God's all knowledge. There is nothing that is not naked and open unto the eyes of Him with whom we have to do. When we are judged in an earthly court, witnesses both for and against the criminal, are brought forth. The judge, or the jury, know nothing of the situation excepting what is presented in the court. For this cause much judgment is not according to truth.
Men judge from outward appearances, they judge from hearsay, they judge from reports; God looks upon the heart, He knows what is in a man, He knows our down-sitting and our uprising, He understands our thoughts afar off.
(2) This is made possible because God is Truth. He can judge according to the truth, because He, Himself, is Truth, and is true. The Judge of all the earth, cannot do ought but right
2. God's judgments are based upon what we have done. He renders to both saints and sinners, according to their deeds. We are not saved by our works, nor lost by our works. We are saved by grace, and we are lost because we reject the Son of God.
We who are saved are judged according to our works, whether they be good or bad. Our judgment will take place in the air at the Second Coming of Christ.
The unsaved are likewise judged according to their works. When the white throne judgment is set, and the wicked dead are raised, the books will be opened and the dead will be judged out of those things which are written in the books, according to their works.
3. No one living can by any means escape the judgments of God. Of the righteous, it is written: "We must all appear before the judgment seat of Christ"; again, it is written, "So then every one of us shall give account of himself to God."
The same necessity is thrust upon the ungodly.
It seems almost passing wonderful, that, in the midst of the verses in Romans 2:1-29 , which describe man's inexcusable-ness in his sin, and God's dire judgment against his sin, we should find a verse of such tender and compassionate love. It is as though in a wilderness overgrown with thorns and thistles, we should find the most glorious of rose bushes, in full bloom.
Here is the verse which nestles so strangely, and yet so majestically, in the midst of the thunderings of wrath: "Or despisest thou the riches of His goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?"
1. The goodness of God. God is good. His goodness never shines so brilliantly as when it is displayed over against the dark picture of man's badness.
God is not only good, but He is rich in goodness. We think of the story of David and how he sent to the place of no pasture, and brought Mephibosheth to his palace. Even so, God hath sent forth His Spirit into the world, calling upon sinners to come under the touch and sway of His love.
2. The forbearance of God. When we think of God's forbearance, we think of how He has kept back His judgments against the sinner, giving him every opportunity to turn from his sin and to repent. Surely love beareth all things, and is kind. Love never faileth.
3. The longsuffering of God. This attribute of Deity is more than goodness and forbearance, it is both of these throughout a long period of time.
We read that "the longsuffering of God waited * * while the ark was a preparing, wherein few, that is, eight souls were saved by water."
The earth certainly could not have been any more corrupted, than it was; the hearts of men could not have been any harder, than were theirs; and yet, God waited and waited.
If God's goodness, and forbearance, and long-suffering was made to glow with added glory, as it was thrown over against the picture of a sinful heart; so, also, does the picture of the hard and impenitent heart of a sinner, stand forth when it is thrown over against the goodness, forbearance, and long-suffering of God.
1. Sin is augmented, when grace is refused. At best the sinful heart is bad; but, when love and mercy and grace throw open to a sinful life the possibility of salvation, then with that salvation refused, the sinful heart takes upon itself the character of adamant. How hard is that heart that rejects mercy.
If the table had not been set, and the invitation, come and dine, had not been sent forth; then, the one who died in hunger could be pitied. When, however, all things are prepared, and the feast is ready with a cordial invitation extended to all; the one who dies of starvation, is to be condemned, rather than pitied.
2. Sin's final picture. We have already studied God's X-ray of the human heart. We have yet this further message to consider.
(1) The hard heart. A heart is hard, when it is untouched and unmoved by the Calvary anguish of the Son of God. A heart is hard, when it is impervious to the nail prints, the thorn-crowned brow, and the plea, "Father, forgive them."
(2) The impenitent heart. The heart is impenitent, when, in its hardness, it refuses the Saviour's plea, the Spirit's call, and the admonition of the ministers of God.
IV. GOD'S CALL TO REPENTANCE (Romans 2:4 , l.c)
1. The call to repentance is the call of the whole Bible. There are some, today, who are claiming that repentance holds no part, and has no place in the salvation of a lost sinner. To this we cannot agree.
(1) At Pentecost when the people said: "What shall we do?" Peter cried, "Repent, and be baptized every one of you." Repentance certainly had its place in this the first hour of the Church's existence.
(2) We pass rapidly on to the heart of Paul's ministry. It was at Athens that Paul cried out, "And the times of this ignorance God winked at; but now commandeth all men every where to repent."
(3) In giving instructions to young Timothy the Apostle Paul in the Holy Ghost said: "The servant of the Lord must not strive; but be gentle unto all men, apt to teach, * * if God peradventure will give them repentance to the acknowledging of the truth."
(4) The Apostle Peter in his Second Epistle said: "That God was not willing that any should perish, but that all should come to repentance."
(5) When Paul summed up his ministry and how he taught publicly from house to house, he said that he testified: "Both to the Jews, and also to the Greeks, repentance toward God, and faith toward our Lord Jesus Christ." He also commanded that repentance should be preached.
2. The call to repentance means, primarily, a new way of thinking about sin and about God, which is followed by a new way of action. The sinner, seeing himself a sinner, turns away from his sins, at the same time he turns in faith unto the Lord Jesus, as the One who saves him from his sins.
Leaving our sins cannot save us; however, those who are saved, are saved away from their sins. It is necessary to come out of the world in order to come into the spiritual life. It is necessary to come out of sin in order to come into salvation.
1. The rewards of the saved. Those who have turned from sin, and unto God; those who have accepted the Gospel of God concerning the Son of God, which is the power of God unto salvation, as set forth in the first chapter of Romans; will, according to Romans 2:6 , stand before God to receive the things done in their bodies. Romans 2:6 says: "Who will render to every man according to his deeds."
"To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality, eternal life." In Romans 2:10 , these words are added: "But glory, honour, and peace, to every man that worketh good."
Let us remember that our "God is not unrighteous to forget your work and labour of love."
2. The rewards of the unsaved. We now come to those who have despised the riches of God's goodness, and forbearance, and long-suffering. We come to those who have hardened their hearts, and stiffened their necks, even to the impenitent. God says of these, whom He calls the "contentious," and, those "who do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness"; that He will render "indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish, upon every soul of man that doeth evil."
3. There is a distinction between rewards. There are some people who are ever ready to acclaim the truth of rewards to saints; who are just as ready to disclaim the truth of God's rewards to the wicked.
The same Bible and the same Spirit which says that the righteous will go into life everlasting, acclaims that the wicked will be cast into hell.
The same Spirit who describes the abode of the righteous, as everlasting; acclaims the abode of the wicked, as everlasting.
Our verse says: "To them who by patient continuance in well doing seek for glory and honour and immortality."
1. The redeemed are not, herein, trying to be saved by works. The fact that the redeemed are seeking for such a high, and holy quest, doth not, in the least, suggest that they are trying to seek salvation by any other method than by grace through faith in the Blood of Christ.
Paul speaks of seeking to win Christ, and yet Paul was saved.
Paul speaks of so running that he might attain; and yet Paul knew whom he believed, and that He (Christ) was able to keep that which he had committed unto Him against that day.
Paul speaks of pressing forward to the prize that lay before, and yet Paul knew he was redeemed.
2. What then is the believer's quest?
(1) He is seeking for glory. A great vision is stored away in that one word, "glory." God, is the Father of glory; the Spirit, is the Spirit of Glory; Jesus Christ, is the Lord of glory. When Christ comes He comes in the glory of His Father, and of the holy angels.
The Millennial Kingdom, is a kingdom of glory. The New Jerusalem which lies beyond the Millennial Kingdom, will be a city of glory. The glory and honor of the nations, will be brought into it. The City is described as having the glory of God. It is also said: "For the glory of God did lighten it."
Saints are pressing forward that they may be enthroned with Christ, in the midst of His glory.
(2) He is seeking for honor. The Word of God tells us that some of those who run will be rejected, while others will receive the incorruptible crown. Paul then admonishes, "So run, that ye may obtain."
Let us remember there are some who will stand before Jesus Christ disapproved, castaways. Some will draw back from before Him at His Coming. Enlightened saints seek for glory and honor.
3. He is seeking for immortality. Immortality in the Scriptures refers to the body. The Apostle Paul, in the Spirit, gives us his own quest. When speaking of his ambition, he says: "Not for that we would be unclothed, but clothed upon, that mortality might be swallowed up of life." Then the Apostle adds: "Now He that hath wrought us for the selfsame thing is God, who also hath given unto us the earnest of His Spirit."
With all of this before Paul, he said: "Wherefore we labour that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of Him."
Whatever we may believe about hell, there are certain things which are plainly taught in the Word of God.
1. Hell will be a place of indignation and wrath. Upon the wicked, God will pour forth His judgments. Hell is called, in this chapter, "The day of wrath." The Lord Jesus Christ is described in His Second Coming as coming "in flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, and that obey not the Gospel of our Lord Jesus Christ."
2. Hell will be a place of tribulation and anguish.
God never overpaints His pictures.
The same verse we quoted a moment ago, likewise says: that when the Lord comes "in flaming fire taking vengeance on them that know not God, * * who shall be punished with everlasting destruction from the presence of the Lord, and from the glory of His power."
John, in the Apocalypse, speaks of the wicked who "worship the beast * * and receive his mark * *. The same shall drink of the wine of the wrath of God, which is poured out without mixture into the cup of His indignation; and he shall be tormented with fire and brimstone in the presence of the holy angels, and in the presence of the Lamb."
With these words concluded, the angel continued to say: "And the smoke of their torment ascendeth up for ever and ever: and they have no rest day nor night."
After "death and hell were cast into the lake of fire." which is called "the second death"; we read these words: "But the fearful, and unbelieving, and the abominable, and murderers, and whoremongers, and sorcerers, and idolaters, and all liars, shall have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone: which is the second death."
The freezing-point is equally the melting-point. Thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit is critical for either process. Which it shall be depends on which way things are going. If the temperature is falling, water will freeze at thirty-two degrees. If the temperature is rising, ice will melt at thirty-two degrees. The same temperature may either freeze or melt. Barely pass it, and you may get opposite results. That it is thirty-two degrees out of doors does not indicate whether it is freezing or melting.
The same individuals under precisely the same influences may be becoming exactly opposite. Under gospel rays the spiritual thermometer is either rising or falling. It is growing either warmer or colder. At the critical point some hearts melt, soften, relent, yield, give way, begin to flow in the channels of the Divine will; but other hearts congeal, stiffen, harden, cease their better movements, stand still like a rock. With a rising temperature the Gospel is the power of God unto salvation; but with a falling thermometer it becomes a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense. Rev. Frederic Campbell.
Verses 1-12
The Wrath and Judgments of God
Romans 1:32 ; Romans 2:1-12
As we listen to the pulsings of twentieth century thought, we find that God is not only being denied by many, but his wrath against unrighteousness and His judgments against sin are being generally set aside by the ungodly.
A study of the Word of God reveals that God's love and goodness in no sense lessens the severity of His judgment against the ungodly.
Grace does not make justice negligible; it rather makes it more severe. Love does not make sin less sinful, nor does it make sin's punishment less severe. Mercy in no wise lessens wrath.
What grace does, is to make God's love operative by sustaining every legal demand of the Law for righteousness, by the death of a Substitute. Grace transferred wrath from the sinner to the Saviour. Grace not only sustained the Law, but it fully met the righteous judgments of God against the sinner for his sins, by placing stripes due the ungodly upon the God-sent Son.
He who mocks at the righteousness of God's wrath, and the honor of God's judgments, should stop at the Cross and behold the agonies of the Son of God, as He went His weary way around the cycle of His sufferings, the Just dying for the unjust.
He who denies hell, would make Heaven impossible; for Christ's descent into hades only makes the believer's ascent into Heaven possible.
When the world believes that there is no judgment for sin; no punishment for the wicked then sin will run riot on the earth. "Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil."
The wicked have set themselves against faith in any Divine justice ever overtaking them; they have tried to persuade themselves that God doth not know, or that if He does know, He is good and does not punish the guilty; yet these same wicked men have never failed to call down judgment on the heads of those who sin against themselves.
If law, judgment, and punishment is removed from any land, red-handed murder and repine will rule the day.
We will bring out various aspects of God's wrath and of His judgments against sin, which should help students to understand better some things we may not have considered from God's viewpoint.
Hasten, sinner, to be blest!
Stay not for the morrow's sun,
Lest perdition thee arrest,
Ere the morrow is begun.
I. THE FACT OF GOD'S WRATH (Romans 1:18 )
The wrath of God against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men is not a matter of conjecture, and of discussion pro and cons for it is a revealed wrath. This is the statement of our text.
The preceding verse says that the "righteousness" of God is also revealed in the Gospel of Christ. In Romans 1:20 God's eternal power and Godhead is said to be clearly seen, so that also is revealed.
The man who rebels against the revelation of God's wrath as set forth in Romans 1:18 , must of necessity, therefore, rebel against God's righteousness, and even against God's eternal power and Godhead.
There is no room for finding fault because God has revealed His wrath. It is fact and not fancy. It is impossible for men to live in ungodliness that is, a wrong relationship with God: and in unrighteousness that is, with wrong relationships toward men, without meriting the wrath of God.
All down through the ages God has manifested His wrath against sin, whether it be sin toward God or sin toward man. In the very beginning God's wrath fell on Adam and he was expelled from the garden. Cain came next under the wrath of God and he cried, "My punishment is greater than I can bear." Soon the whole world became evil and was corrupted before God and it was overthrown with the flood. The Tower of Babel, the mark of man's vaulted pride was cast down; the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were overthrown; the Egyptians were drowned in the Red Sea; the seven nations dwelling in the land of Canaan with the cup of their iniquity full were destroyed, and thus the wrath of God swept on and still it sweeps.
Our theme is correct for God's wrath is a fact and not a fancy. Men cannot live as they list, giving vent to every desire of the flesh, without paying the penalty thereof.
The hand of God is still writing our judgment and condemnation on the wall.
So our deeds are recorded
There's a Hand that's writing now:
Sinner, give your heart to Jesus
To His royal mandate bow;
For the day is approaching
It must come to one and all,
When the sinner's condemnation
Will be written on the wall.
The world is full of excuses. Cain was one of the first to excuse his sin by saying, "Am I my brother's keeper?" There is scarcely a sin toward God or man, be it ever so vile, but what man will seek to excuse himself. Our first verse says that men are without excuse. Our second verse says, "Thou art inexcusable, O man."
The wicked may proclaim that their wicked deeds cannot be avoided, but God says, "They are without excuse." One man says that his fiery temper and uncontrollable wrath was inherited from his parents, but God says, "Thou art inexcusable." Another man says that the lusts of the flesh were dominant in his nature and that he could not but yield to their desire, but God says that he is without excuse. Man says that he did not know any better, that his sins are sins of ignorance, but God says that he cannot thus excuse himself.
No matter what power sin may have in the life of any of the ungodly; no matter what sway of the world; no matter what power of Satan; the sinner is without excuse because God has provided a way of escape from all of these.
Why should man continue in sin, or remain a dupe and slave to sin's power, when the Gospel of Christ is the power of God unto salvation to every one that believeth a Gospel that saves from these very things.
"For the Lion of Judah shall break every chain,
And give us the victory again and again."
Even the heathen, who have never known of the Gospel are without excuse, because they have not lived according to the light which they possess. When they knew God they glorified Him not as God neither were thankful. The very ignorance in which they now dwell is due to the fact that when they professed themselves to be wise, they became fools. When they changed His glory into an image made like corruptible man, and to birds and four-footed beasts and creeping things. When they had the truth of God, they changed it into a lie, and worshiped and served the creature more than the Creator.
The world cannot plead that it did not know that the wrath of God was revealed against sin, ungodliness and unrighteousness of man, because the wreckage of God's judgment has covered the world with its debris.
There is no excuse that men can bring in honor because God has dealt fairly and squarely and above board with all sin and iniquity.
Look unto Me, and be ye saved!
Look, men of nations all;
Look, rich and poor; look, old and young;
Look sinners, great and small!
Look unto Him, and be ye saved!
O weary, troubled soul,
Oh, look to Jesus while you may;
One look will make thee whole!
We have just been noticing the fact that man is inexcusable for his sin. We are now to consider that man is worthy of the judgment which God places upon him. If man had the least excuse for sinning just to that extent God's judgment would not be just. The opposite is also true. If the wicked are worthy of death, they are necessarily without excuse in their sins.
The Bible teaches that death is the wages of sin. A man is reaping no more than what he has sown. According to this, the sinner so to speak, is the author of his own destruction. He, himself, gathers the fuel to feed the fire which shall for ever torment his soul. He sows the seed of the maddened brain; he plants the germ that develops the woes and the miseries, the gnashing of teeth and the wailing of hopeless despair.
The wicked are worthy of death. They are receiving no more than their due. They are only being paid for their deeds. God does not have any pleasure in the death of the wicked. He would that all men everywhere should repent. He is not a tyrant who with ruthless rage casts the just to the tormentors. He, even goes so far as to open the door of hope in the valley of Achor. He offers salvation by the way of the Cross to the vilest of the vile.
Man is worthy of death because man has rejected proffers of mercy. He has spurned the opportunity of righteousness. He has given a deaf ear to the call of the Gospel.
Instead of heeding what he hears, he has given himself over to unrighteousness, being filled with fornication, wickedness, covetousness, maliciousness; full of envy, murder, debate, deceit, malignity; whisperers, backbiters, haters of God, despiteful, proud, boasters, inventors of evil things, disobedient to parents, without understanding, covenantbreakers, without natural affection, implacable, unmerciful. Men who live in these things are worthy of death.
The argument as God has given it to us is steadily mounting up. The net is being more tightly drawn, and the sinner is being more surely entangled in his unrighteousness. Sometimes the sinner will recognize that he is inexcusable, he will even concede that he is worthy of death, and yet he will seek to escape his just punishment.
There are criminals all over the land who have evaded justice. There are men everywhere who are trying to hide their sins. Men need, however, to know that they cannot deceive God.
Where can the sinner go, that God will not find him? God has said, "Though thou exalt thyself as the eagle, and though thou set thy nest among the stars, thence will I bring thee down." All things which a man doeth, and all things which a man is in his heart, are naked and open unto Him with whom we have to do.
Our Lord looks down from Heaven and all things are before His eye. He knows our downsitting and our uprising. He understands our thoughts afar off. Our God is acquainted with all our ways. There is not a word in our tongue but what He knows it altogether. How can men hide from God? for He has beset them behind and before. Where may men fly from His Spirit? or where may they hide from His presence? Listen to the Word of God, "If I ascend up into heaven, thou art there: if I make my bed in hell, behold, thou art there. If I take the wings of the morning, and dwell in the uttermost parts of the sea; even there shall thy hand lead me, and thy right hand shall hold me. If I say, Surely the darkness shall cover me; even the night shall be light about me. Yea, the darkness hideth not from thee: but the night shineth as the day: the darkness and the light are both alike to thee. For thou hast possessed my reins: thou hast covered me in my mother's womb" (Psalms 139:8-13 ).
It is useless to evade the issue. The wicked must stand before the Great White Throne and face the records of their lives. They cannot escape meeting God.
Where will you spend Eternity
Those years that have no end?
Will it be where you are debarred
Ever to know and see the Lord?
Ever to have His great reward?
V. THERE IS A SET DAY OF WRATH (Romans 2:5 ; Romans 2:16 )
In the fifth verse we read that man is treasuring up wrath against the day of wrath. In the sixteenth verse we read that there is a day when God shall judge the secrets of men.
1. This is the day of grace. We are convinced that God frequently judges unrighteousness now, and sends terrific manifestations of wrath, but these are no more than suggestive of the great sorrow and travail which awaits the wicked.
In this age for the most part, God is allowing men to reap no more than the wreckage which his own sin now involves. God is now calling men to repentance. God is now proffering grace. Heralders of the Gospel are being commanded to go to the ends of the world and to preach to every creature the redemption which is in Christ Jesus. Songs of salvation are being sung. Altar calls are being made, the Holy Spirit is striving with men. We can still say, "Behold, now is the accepted time, behold, now is the day of salvation."
When Christ entered Nazareth, He said in the Temple, "The Spirit of the Lord is upon Me, because He hath anointed Me to preach the Gospel to the poor." He was reading from the Prophet Isaiah and He read on through the most gracious of words until He came to the expression "and the day of vengeance of our God." Before He read these latter words, He suddenly stopped, and said, of the words which He had just spoken, "This day is this Scripture fulfilled in your ears." He did not read the statement concerning the day of vengeance because He knew that that day of vengeance had not yet come.
2. The day of vengeance and of judgment is a set day. The angel of God's grace who has hastened before giving proffers of mercy and of salvation must soon step aside, that the angel of His wrath may unsheath his sword.
Time is gliding swiftly by,
Death and judgment draweth nigh,
To the arms of Jesus fly:
Be in time!
Oh, I pray you count the cost,
Ere the fatal line be crossed,
And your soul in hell be lost:
Be in time!
Sinner, heed the warning voice,
Make the Lord your final choice,
Then all heaven will rejoice:
Be in time!
Come from darkness into light;
Come, let Jesus make you right;
Come, and start for Heaven tonight,
Be in time!
VI. WRATH IS INCREASED BY KNOWLEDGE (Romans 1:19 ; Romans 1:21 ; Romans 1:32 )
It was because that, when men knew God, yet glorified Him not as God, neither were thankful, but became vain in their imaginations, that God gave them up. If man had been ignorant and had not known God it would have been different. However, man not only knew God but He also knew the judgment of God.
If no ray of light, revealing God both in grace and in judgment, had ever come to man, sin had not been reckoned against him.
That which makes sin exceedingly sinful is its willfulness; its stubborn refusal to accept the right.
It is because men love darkness rather than light that their darkness is made the darker; it is because men refuse righteousness that God gives them up to iniquity. He who knew not his master's will and did it not was beaten with few stripes. While he who knew his master's will and did it not was beaten with many stripes.
In the day of judgment it will be more tolerable for Tyre and Sidon than for Chorazin and Bethsaida for, "if the mighty works, which were done in you, had been done in Tyre and Sidon, they would have repented long ago in sackcloth and ashes."
In the day of judgment it will be more tolerable for Sodom than for Capernaum, not but that Sodom was morally more vile, but that Capernaum had been exalted unto Heaven by the presence, the words, and the miracle working of the Son of God, which Sodom had never known. Christ said to Capernaum, "If the mighty works, which have been done in thee, had been in Sodom, it would have remained until this day."
Sinners who live in this day of grace with the blazing light of the glory of God's grace bursting full around them should beware lest they by their refusal are treasuring up unto themselves wrath against the day of wrath. In the silent midnight watches,
List thy bosom's door!
How it knocketh, knocketh, knocketh,
Knocketh evermore!
Say not 'tis thy pulse is beating
'Tis thy heart of sin;
'Tis thy Saviour knocks, and crieth,
"Rise, and let Me in!"
Death comes down with reckless footsteps
To the hall and hut;
Think you death will tarry knocking
When the door is shut?
Jesus waiteth, waiteth, waiteth;
But the door is fast:
Grieved, away thy Saviour goeth,
Death breaks in at last.
Then 'tis time to stand entreating
Christ to let thee in;
At the gate of Heaven beating,
Wailing for thy sin!
Nay! alas, thou guilty creature.
Hast thou then forgot?
Jesus waited long to know thee,
Now He knows thee not!
The day of wrath of which we have just heard will bring forth the revelation of the righteous judgment of God. God's judgments will be according to truth.
At the Great White Throne no sinner will be able to say that he got more than his dues, nor will he receive less. Those who are contentious and obey not the truth but obey unrighteousness will receive indignation and wrath, tribulation and anguish. Mark the word, this will befall every soul of man that doeth evil, of the Jew first and also of the Gentile.
All the wicked, all unbelievers, all the fearful and the abominable and murderers will have their part in the lake which burneth with fire and brimstone, and yet all shall receive according to the sins done in the body.
When the dead small and great stand before God, the Books which carry the records of their earth deeds will be opened, and every man will be judged out of those things which were written in the Book according to their works.
When death and hell are cast into the lake of fire, and God's judgments are completed, there will be no room for disputes and no reasons for an appeal to a higher court. God's judgments are not only final but they are eternally just.
An ungodly European was once trying to convince a convert in India that his religion was of no use, and that he never would be any the better for it. "What, after all," said the scoffer, "has your Jesus done for you?"
"He has saved me!" said the native, with great animation: "He has saved me!"
"And what is that?" said the European.
"Step with me to the door," was the reply, "and I will show you." So saying, he took him outside of the house, picked up a quantity of dry leaves and straw (of which there were plenty close at hand), and made a large circle of them. He then sought for a worm; and, having found one, he placed it in the center of the ring. Forthwith he applied a lighted match to the material that surrounded it, the scoffer looking on all the time with no little astonishment. As the heat of the fire approached the poor worm, it began to writhe and show symptoms of distress, but could not get out of the burning ring. The man darted his hand through the smoke, plucked the worm out of its dangerous position, and placed it on the green grass, out of reach of all danger.
"There," said he, "that is what the blessed Jesus has done for me: I was exposed to the flames of hell there was no possibility of escape; I was condemned and ready to perish, and He rescued me by dying for my sins, thus snatching me as a brand from the burning; and He has given me, a poor dying worm, a place near His heart,"
Can you thus speak of yourself as saved fay the death of Jesus? Are you able to say, like the poor native, "He has saved me"? It not, we entreat you to come now, as a sinner, to Jesus, who is at the right hand of the Majesty on high, and He will give you rest. Take shelter in His blood, and you will be cleansed from sin, and delivered from the wrath to come.
"Deliver him from going down to the pit: I have found a ransom" (Job 33:24 ).
"Thou hast in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption: for Thou hast cast all my sins behind Thy back" (Isaiah 38:17 ).
Copyright Statement
These files are public domain.
Text Courtesy of Used by Permission.
Bibliography Information
Neighbour, Robert E. "Wells of Living Water Commentary on Romans 2:4". "Living Water".
Lectionary Calendar
Thursday, January 23rd, 2020
the Second Week after Epiphany
Commentary Navigator
Search This Commentary
Enter query in the box below
Powered by Lightspeed Technology |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43946 | American Revolution Test SS4H1
American Revolution Test SS4H1
Grade Levels
Resource Type
Product Rating
File Type
(212 KB|6 pages)
Also included in:
1. American Revolution Unit BundleThis bundle includes:1. French and Indian War Lesson and Doodle Notes2. Boston Tea Party Lesson and Doodle Notes3. Important People of the American Revolution Lesson and Doodle Notes4. Revolutionary War Lesson and Doodle Notes5. Declaration of Independence Lesson and D
Save $3.00
Product Description
American Revolution TEST
Need an assessment that will cover 4th grade American Revolution standards SS4H1?
This product contains:
1.One 20 question multiple choice test
2.Google Forms Link to the test
3.Answer Key
Checkout my American Revolution Bundle! This product is included!
Checkout my American Revolution TIMELINE!
SS4H1 Explain the causes, events, and results of the American Revolution.
a. Trace the events that shaped the revolutionary movement in America: French and Indian War, 1765 Stamp Act, the slogan “no taxation without representation,” the activities of the Sons of Liberty, the activities of the Daughters of Liberty, Boston Massacre, and the Boston Tea Party.
b. Describe the influence of key individuals and groups during the American Revolution: King George III, George Washington, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Benedict Arnold, Patrick Henry, John Adams, Paul Revere, and Black regiments.
c. Describe the major events of the American Revolution and explain the factors leading to American victory and British defeat; include the Battles of Lexington and Concord, Saratoga, and Yorktown.
d. Explain the writing of the Declaration of Independence; include who wrote it, how it was written, why it was necessary, and how it was a response to tyranny and the abuse of power.
Total Pages
6 pages
Answer Key
Teaching Duration
55 minutes
Report this Resource to TpT
Digital Download
Share this resource
Report this resource to TpT
More products from Coffee and Clipboards
Product Thumbnail
Product Thumbnail
Product Thumbnail
Product Thumbnail
Product Thumbnail
Learn More
Keep in Touch!
Sign Up |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43947 | menu Home Task Cards Anchor Charts Math Projects Shop Free
Thursday, January 7, 2016
Writing Summaries
Hi there! I'm popping in today to share with you our method for writing summaries. Just like our topic sentence formats, these ideas came from the fabulous writing curriculum we use called Write Now Right Now. It is the easiest writing curriculum to follow and so effective! One of my colleagues (and former colleagues) wrote the curriculum, and I have so enjoyed using it this year.
Writing summaries is notoriously difficult for younger students. I have blogged about it several times before, with ideas for introducing the purpose of summarizing and ideas for teaching students the difference between paraphrasing, quoting, and summarizing. Now I'm sharing our anchor charts for writing basic nonfiction summaries. It is such a simple method once students grasp it, and they write beautiful summaries each and every time!
Here is the anchor chart we made together. The kids love the chant at the top!
"Summarize means make it shorter, just the facts like a reporter!"
We always stand up and read it together. When we say "make it shorter" we bend our knees to make ourselves shorter, and when we get to "like a reporter," we pretend we are reporters jotting notes on an invisible notepad. We also eliminate the "include" so that it jives a little bit better with a rhythm!
First, we teach the students to read the text through once before doing anything else. After they have read the text, they go through and pick out the main idea of each paragraph or group of paragraphs.
Then, we write a VERY BRIEF summary plan. The plan you see on the anchor chart here is the same plan we use to do all of our writing, so they are pros at it by now. The main topic (usually found in the first paragraph or sentence of the text) is on the top.
Each star you see shows one of the main ideas. Even if it is a long article with multiple paragraphs, we try to keep it to two or three star ideas. The dashes on the right hand side are details that support each star idea (main idea). I love, love, love this method for planning writing. We color code it all at the beginning of the year and it makes it so clear for the kids.
While they are making their plan, we emphasize the importance of including only the most important details. No opinions, no little tiny irrelevant details-- just the facts. Avoiding opinions seems to be one of the harder parts for my students.
After they have made their summary plan comes my very favorite part! For the topic sentence of our summary, we write a SAAC statement. I have seen different variations of this, but this is the one I teach and love.
There are four parts to the summary topic sentence. First, they state the type of writing (article, book, web page, etc.) and the title of the piece of writing they are summarizing. In the example we were using for this anchor chart, we were reading a short article out of a kid's science newspaper.
For the State It portion, we named the type of writing (an article) and the name of the article (The Story Behind the Switch).
For the Assign portion of the SAAC statement, you state the author's name. Unfortunately, the author was not given for this particular article, so we used the name of the publication (Colorado Reader) instead. Normally, it would say "the author, Lindsey Peak" or whatever the author's name is.
Action is easy because you teach them a few verbs and they stick with them. This is an action to describe what the author is doing in their writing. We use the verbs tells, explains, and describes most of the time.
Finally, they complete the SAAC statement with their topic (T) from their Summary Plan (see above).
I know it may look tedious at first glance, but my students consistently generate stellar summaries thanks to this method. Once they "get" all the parts of the SAAC statement, it is easy breezy to write awesome topic sentences and then they fill in the rest with their star ideas and details!
Here is the sample summary I wrote in my teacher notebook (the students copied it into their writing notebooks for reference) after we did the anchor chart together. Sometimes, when we are writing a shorter summary, they skip the details (dashes) part of the plan and only do the star ideas (on the left side).
What method do YOU use to teach summarizing? I would love to hear more ideas!
1. I love this. It seems so easy and straight-forward. I just started a new grade last year and need help with ideas like this.Thank you for sharing!
2. Super cool ideas! Thanks for sharing, can't wait to use this in my class.
3. Absolutely excellent! Now what do you have for conclusions?
4. Do you have a link to the article you read? |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43951 | Tech-invite3GPP-SpecsReleasesFeaturesEntitiesInterfacesSBIsIdentifiersTi+Search in Tech-invite
Top in Index Prev Next
TS 26.348SA4
Northbound API for MBMS
at the xMB reference point
use "3GPP‑Page" to get the Word version
the ToC, based on the Word version, is reproduced for a better overview
V16.2.0 (Wzip) 2019/06 46 p.
Rapporteur: Dr. Lohmar, Thorsten
The present document defines a northbound interface between the BM-SC and the content provider. The interface is called xMB. Both external (3rd party) content providers and 3GPP defined API invokers e.g. GCS AS can use the xMB reference point to access BM-SC provided delivery services.
The xMB reference point supports different session types, such as generic file delivery e.g. for MCData, application streaming, including DASH streaming, RTP ingest and ingest for transparent delivery. The xMB reference point supports unicast delivery of content, e.g. for devices outside of the MBMS coverage area.
The xMB reference point is fully integrated into the Common API Framework for 3GPP Northbound APIs (CAPIF).
The present document provides interaction methods and interfaces between a BM-SC and a content provider. The purpose of the document is the definition of enablers for the usage of MBMS delivery.
full Table of Contents for TS 26.348 Word version: 16.2.0
Here Top
1 ScopeWord-p. 6
2 References
3 Definitions and abbreviationsWord-p. 7
4 Architecture
5 ProcedureWord-p. 9
A xMB User Plane (xMB-U)Word-p. 35
B Change historyWord-p. 46
Up Top |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43963 | To contact me, please email me directly: torkad at gmail dot com
I’ll tell you right now though:
1. If you want to submit a blog post here, you’d better have a budget, and the ability to write grammatically correct content.
2. If you think you deserve to post for free here, then you’d better be published at one of these magazines.
3. If you plan on wasting my time, don’t bother. I love to lambast idiots. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43970 | SHOP NOW—free delivery anywhere in Australia
Member Loginmenu
Your basket is empty
Ben Schott
High resolution colour portraituser
Ben Schott
Ben Schott is the author of Schott’s Original Miscellany, Schott’s Food & Drink Miscellany, Schott’s Sporting, Gaming & Idling Miscellany, Schott’s Quintessential Miscellany and the yearbook Schott’s Almanac (2006–11). Ben is a regular contributor to the New York Times and The Times. He divides his time between London and New York.
Titles byBen Schott
• Schottenfreude
Ben Schott |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43985 | Thompson Asset Management Harvard Case Solution & Analysis
Since its inception in 2009, the CEO and founder Allison Thompson of Thompson Asset Management (TAM), a small asset management and investment consulting organization, succeeded in managing the portfolio’s downside risk and beating benchmarks. TAM, located in Jacksonville, Florida, has around $100 million in assets under management in two separate funds. In 2014, significant assets holding individuals were the clients of TAM, but Thompson was considered to incorporate corporate clients in order to extend his business. She decided to start from her university, where she met with the investment officer, for the university endowment fund. Thompson needed to develop a recommendation to demonstrate about her investment strategy, in order to win the complete investment of $20 million. The case would be helpful in the syllabus that deal with portfolio theory and/or asset management at MBA-level or undergraduate finance.
Thompson Asset Management Case Study Solution
Thompson Asset Management Case Solution Other Similar Case Solutions like
Thompson Asset Management
Share This |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/43988 | People have different ways of learning information. This can make it especially difficult for teachers. While their methods of teaching might work for some of their students, they might not work for others. It is very important that teachers be aware of the four main kinds of learners. With this knowledge, teachers can structure their curriculum in such a way that all of their students will be able to learn efficiently.
Type I Learners
This type of learner falls into the Reflective Observation and Concrete Experience categories. These learners are referred to as Innovative Learners. These learners need to have a personal connection to whatever they learn in order to find it interesting.
Innovative Learners often ask a question that begins with "Why?" They want to be sure that whatever they are learning has a value in daily life situations. Teachers who have these kinds of students in class will find that these learners benefit most from activities such as brainstorming and cooperative learning.
Related Articles
Type II Learners
Type II learners fall into the Abstract Conceptualization and Reflective Observation categories and are referred to as Analytic Learners. Analytic Learners often ask questions that begin with "What?" For these learners, the processes and the concepts they learn have little value to them unless they can gain a deeper understanding of them. Analytic Learners like to acquire facts.
Teachers who have this kind of learner in their classroom will find that they like to analyze data, do independent research and find expert opinions on material being presented. Teachers will also notice that Analytic Learners like lectures, because they can learn quite effectively from them.
Type III Learners
These learners are referred to as Common Sense Learners. Common Sense Learners fall under the categories of Active Conceptualization and Abstract Conceptualization. These learners like to ask the question, "How does this work?" They are the learners who, if possible, want to actually try whatever it is they learn. Teachers will notice that this kind of learner works best with kinesthetic learning experiences.
Type IV Learners
Concrete Experience and Active Experimentation are the two categories that these learners, referred to as Dynamic Learners, fall into. These are the learners who have an interest in discovering things entirely on their own, generally using intuition. While they like to teach themselves new things, they often like to teach others new things as well. Dynamic Learners learn best through techniques such as games and simulations.
More Information
Although a student of a certain learning type might have a preferred learning method, that does not mean that the student cannot learn via other methods. Teachers who incorporate as many learning methods as possible (such as lectures, games, kinesthetic experiences and cooperative learning) into their curriculum find that they help the most students in their class to successfully learn the necessary materials.
About the Author
Alison Faria began writing professionally in 2002. Her articles have been published on Happy News and various other websites. She has a Bachelor of Arts in writing, literature and publishing with a minor in history from Emerson College. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44019 | Begging Your Pardon, Chaps, No Blog Today
I've gone and eaten me very last piece of paper to stop the rumblings in me gullet, so I'm afraid I've nothin' what to write about the economic bailout on. 'ad only this tiny scrap of paper in me pocket. If it wouldn't be too much trouble returning it, please. It's the only photo I 'ave left of me brother.
Share This Story
Get our newsletter |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44020 | Short-Term Loan Application
What Happens Next
Once you complete this application it will be sent to a network of lenders. This network is managed by RoundSky and is one of the largest in the country. Using this network you can apply to roughly 30 lenders using a single application. The downside is that you are unable to chose your lender or shop around for the best price. You can, of course, not take the loan. You are under no obligation to accpet the loan that is offered to you. If you do accept the loan then you are obligated to pay back the loan plus fees. RoundSky is the same networks used by the vast majority of short-term loan matching sites on the internet.
If you are approved for a loan you will then leave our site where we have no control over a lender's policies so make sure you understand the site's terms. In addition, you are responsible for reviewing all loan terms such as rates, fees and renewal policy before accepting a loan so review them carefully. If you accept the loan, cash is generally deposited into your checking account usually within one business day.
This is a Short Term Loan
This cash must be repaid and is designed for short-term, emergency funding. Repayment plus fees is generally due in full at your next pay period for payday loans and over the next few periods for installment loans. Please review your terms carefully before accepting any loan.
Rates and Fees
APR and fees vary and are disclosed by your lender once your are approved. Example loan costs from our network range from $7-$45 per $100 borroweed per pay period. APR's may range from 100% to 900%.
Non-payment and Collections
Non-payment and collection policies depend on your the lender and should be disclosed in your loan agreement. In general, when you accept the loan agreement you are agreeing to repay the loan plus fees. Failure to pay the loan on time results in additional fees. Some lenders are known to repeatedly attempt to withdrawal from your checking account if there are insufficient funds. This can greatly increase costs as your bank will also charge overdraft fees so make sure you have adequate funds on your payment due dates.
Credit Score
Applying for a short-term loan and paying it off on time generally does not improve your credit score BUT failure to repay your loan may hurt your credit score. This is because short term loan companies generally do not report to credit bureaus but if you fail to pay they may sell your loan to a collection agency and most collection agengies do report to the standard credit bureaus.
Loan Renewal
Loan renewal policies depend on your specific lender and are disclosed in your loan agreement. In some cases loan renewals may be automatic which means you will incur additional fees. To avoid automatic renewal you often must notify the lender 3 days advance. Repaying your loan on-time avoids additional fees. Make sure you read and understand your loan terms.
Short-Term Loans are Expensive
Remember payday loans and other short-term loans are a very expensive form of borrowing. They are generally only make sense if use infrequently to cover unexpected emergency expenses. They are best used when other options such as banks, credit unions, friends, and family have been exhausted. For other ideas see Borrow Money Options
The Payday Hound
The Payday Hound is NOT a financial institution or a lender. We are a marketing service that matches prospective borrowers with prospective lenders. We cannot guarantee final approval of your loan. Final approval for a cash loan depends on many factors including, but not limited to, income levels, the state in which you reside and employment status. The data you enter on the application may be verified with independent data sources including, but not limited to, CLVerify, Teletrack, or Accurint. By entering your SSN into the website, you consent to allow us to share your SSN with outside service providers. By clicking the Find a Loan, Apply, Submit, or similar buttons in the above application you certify that you are at least 18 years old, a legal resident of the United States and agree to the privacy policy. Residents of Georgia, Virginia, West Virginia, Arizona, Pennsylvania, Ohio, New York, or other states where this application process or product is prohibited are not eligible to apply for these loans or other loan product using the above application or this matching service. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44042 | Jacque Fresco – Scientific Responsibility
Fresco discusses how there are no separate sciences – there is only one science. What we need is an integrated system using the methods of science in all areas, including social management. Science today is mostly directed by commercial institutions and universities, and used for a particular advantage group. Businesses seek positions of advantage rather than creating optimal conditions for all people and the ecological systems.
Fresco further explains that if scientists serve a particular nation then that is slanted towards that nation’s political and economic superiority whereas true science would work toward the wellbeing of all people. Scientists teach science but they do not apply it to government or analyze the banking institutions. It is not scientific if findings are put in books and publications but not applied to society due to vested interests or artificial monetary scarcity. Fresco claims that what is needed is the intelligent management of Earth’s resources to benefit all people.
Full lecture runtime: 28:00 minutes.
Video trailer:
1. Павел
его идеи и проекты всегда крайне интересны, открывают новые горизонты и расширяют сознание
Add a review
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44050 | The Spanish 'H': Always Silent
the letter "H"
The letter h may be the easiest of all the Spanish letters to pronounce: With the only exceptions being a very few words of obvious foreign origin and the two-letter combinations explained next, the h is always silent.
In Combinations and Alone
The letter combinations ch, which used to be considered a separate letter of the alphabet, and the sh in flash and a few other imported words are pronounced basically the same as in English; however, the usual silence of h doesn't mean its pronunciation doesn't sometimes trip up beginning Spanish students. Those who speak English as a first language often want to pronounce the letter when it is in a cognate, that is, a Spanish word that is more or less the same as English. For example, the h should not be pronounced in words such as vehículo (vehicle), Habana (Havana), Honduras and prohibir (prohibit), as tempting as it may be.
If the h is silent, why does it exist? For reasons of etymology (word history) only. Just as the "k" in the English "know" and the "b" in "lamb" used to be audible, the Spanish h used to be pronounced ages ago. Almost all Spanish consonants have become softer over the years; the h became so soft as to become inaudible.
The Spanish h also was used to separate two vowels that weren't pronounced as one, that is as a diphthong. For example, the word for "owl" used to be spelled as buho to indicate that it was pronounced as two syllables rather than rhyming with the first syllable of cuota or "quota." Nowadays, though, an accent is used over a stressed vowel to indicate the lack of a diphthong, so the word is written as búho. In this case, then, the accent isn't used to indicate stress as it usually does, but as a guide to the proper pronunciation of the vowels.
Also, these days it is standard for the h between vowels to be ignored in pronunciation; that is, the vowels sometimes run together despite the h between them, depending on how they are stressed. For example, prohibir is pronounced more or less the same as proibir would be. Note, though, that when the stress is on the second syllable in forms of this word, it is accented and pronounced clearly. Thus conjugated forms of the verb include prohíbes, prohíbe, and prohíben.
Also, this is why búho (owl) is spelled with an accent mark. The accent assures that this word is pronounced as búo rather than buo. Similarly, alcohol is pronounced as alcol, not as alco-ol with a brief pause (known as a glottal stop) between the o and o
The words where the h is pronounced? Apparently, the only such word that is recognized by the Royal Spanish Academy as fully Spanish is hámster, a cognate of the English word for "hamster," although it came to Spanish by way of German. It is pronounced much as it is in German or English as if it were spelled jámster.
Other imported words, listed by the Academy as foreign or not listed at all, in which native speakers often pronounce the h include hockey (not to be confused with jockey), hobby (plural usually hobbys), Hong Kong (and some other place names), hacker and hit (baseball term or a major success).
Also, jalar and halar (to pull) are often used synonymously, and in some regions, it is common to pronounce jalar even while writing halar. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44061 | 8 Ways Companies Can Support Social Causes [Infographic]
by Sabrina Son on Nov 20, 2016 5:00:00 AM
Giving backMillennials want to work for organizations that go beyond just profits. They want to be somewhere that supports social causes and contributes to the community. And there are plenty of ways that businesses can commit to making an impact on society — it doesn’t have to be only about donating money. Classy put together an infographic outlining eight different ways your organization can give back to the community:
New Call-to-action
We're sharing everything on our journey to happier employees.
We've learned a lot and so will you.
New call-to-action
author avatar
This post was written by Sabrina Son
Connect with Sabrina |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44066 | Class: Introduction to Programming
Are you curious about programming? Ever wished you could write your own scripts to automate repetitive tasks, or for fun? Or been interested in understanding how an application works (and why there are always bugs in the software you use??). Tog is running a new class on learning how to program, for complete beginners with no previous programming knowledge.
The course will cover basic programming skills, which will also give you a better understanding of how computers work. We will be using Python, an excellent learning language because it is simple yet powerful, and extremely readable. At the end of the course you will know how to write simple programs, and you should have enough understanding of the basics to move on to either more complex programming tasks in Python or learn another language if you wish to.
The course will begin on October 20th and will run for 5 weeks every Thursday from 7.00pm to 9.30pm. The cost is €40 for non-members, and free for members. The class size is limited to about 8 people, for a relaxed atmosphere conducive to learning.
If you are interested in attending, or have any question about the course, please use the form below or leave a comment — we’re happy to answer any query! You must sign up if you want to attend, space is limited.
Please note that this is a course for complete beginners, who are not yet familiar with the usual syntax for programming. If you’re a programmer interested in picking up Python, you should keep an eye out for our crash courses!
(Update: We’re full! You can still sign up to be added to the waiting list, and be notified if a space frees up.)
[contact-form-7 404 "Not Found"] |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44072 | tagged with
Robert Repino Prize Pack Sweepstakes!
Culdesac, the latest book in Robert Repino's War With No Name series, is out today from Soho Press—and we want to send you a copy of it, along with the first book in the series, Mort(e), and a gorgeous poster with art by Justin Wolfson!
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44091 | For collaboration, advertisment or any proposals send an email:
TrendsControl goes Social:
Instagram: @lia_trendscontrol [click here to enter]
Blogloving [click here to enter]
Facebook: trendscontrol [click here to enter] Лия Игамбердиева [click here to enter]
Google+ [click here to enter] Trends Control [click here to enter]
All photos are taken by Trends Control team in other case the resources are mentioned. You could use pictures from this website in condition you made visible the link back to the
Do not use photos from Trends Control in order to make advertisments, promotions or other mass communication activities.
Thank You for visiting Trends Control!
Copyright © Trends Control by Lia Igam. Designed by OddThemes |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44097 | Triskell 2019 Winter Release, Service Pack 1
Richard Murphy joins Triskell Software
Triskell Software Expands North America Operations, Adds Industry Veteran to Management Team
June 17, 2019
Gartner logo
Triskell Software named Representative Vendor in Gartner’s 2019 Market Guide for Strategy Execution Management
January 15, 2020
Triskell 2019 Winter Release - Service Pack 1
We are pleased to publish this minor Release - Triskell 2019 Winter – Service Pack 1, which provides new capabilities, several improvements and bug fixes.
The main improvements included in this new release are focused on Resource Management:
• User History for Primary Management Entity assignments.
• Capability to control the capability to add resources to pools by role.
Minor improvements and issues fixed:
• More than 10 issues raised by customers or our test team fixed.
• Minor UI issues fixed.
Contact Us Request a Demo |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44108 | Types of Execution and Victims of Henry VIII - Tudors Dynasty
This article started as a podcast – if you’d prefer to listen instead of read, click here: When it comes to English monarchs, none is more revered or despised than Henry VIII. The masses are torn on whether to love him….or hate him. Henry VIII did many great things for England during his long reign, ... [More] |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44119 | How Solar Energy Works
Published Jul 14, 2008 Updated Dec 16, 2009
The solar resource
The solar resource is enormous. Just 18 days of sunshine on Earth contains the same amount of energy as is stored in all of the planet's reserves of coal, oil, and natural gas.
How solar panels work
Solar photovoltaic (PV) panels are based on a high-tech but remarkably simple technology that converts sunlight directly to electricity.
Rooftop solar panels: Benefits, costs, and smart policies
Rooftop solar has never been more affordable for home owners, business owners, and their communities.
Solar power plants: Large-scale PV
A large-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) power plant may have hundreds of thousands or even millions of solar panels.
Concentrating solar power plants
Unlike photovoltaic (PV) systems, which use the sun’s light to generate electricity, concentrating solar power systems generate electricity using the sun’s heat.
Related resources |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44131 | That List of Celebrities Who Promised to Move If Trump Won
An awful lot of celebrities including Stephen King tweeted and griped and groaned out their disgust at Donald Trump this year, especially when they were told by the lying media that there was no chance he would win. So they all said they would leave the country if he won.
The Best Way to Choose a President
There is only one sensible way to pick a leader. You have to compare intentions to results, and decide which candidate does what they say, and which candidate consistently disappoints. There are a lot of ways to make this list of Pros and Cons, but I’m going to explain a little method I call the BEST method. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44132 | Robert Patrick
Robert Hammond Patrick, Jr. (born November 5, 1958) is an American actor, known for his leading and supporting roles in a number of films and television shows. Patrick dropped out of college when drama class sparked his interest in acting, receiving his first professional acting job in the 1986 television film, Eye of the Eagle. For much of the late-1980s, he lived in Los Angeles and had minor roles. In 1990, he landed a supporting role as terrorist O'Reilly in Die Hard 2. In 1991, he found greater mainstream recognition when he landed the role of the main villain, the T-1000, in Terminator 2: Judgment Day—a role described by Allmovie as "one of the most memorable roles in one of the most memorable films of the decade." He was nominated for the 1992 Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actor and the 1992 MTV Movie Award for Best Villain for his work and reprised the role for cameo appearances in 1992's Wayne's World and 1993's Last Action Hero. He was later nominated for the 1994 Saturn Award for Best Actor for his leading role as Mike Rogers in cult favorite Fire in the Sky and landed central supporting roles in popular films such as Cop Land and The Faculty, as well as recurring roles in popular television shows such as The Sopranos and The Outer Limits.
Patrick starred in a number of critically panned films during the 1990s, including Double Dragon and Striptease, once saying of his filmography: "there's maybe five that are good and the rest are crap." He later played John Doggett in the American science fiction-horror television show The X-Files. Replacing Fox Mulder as the male lead of the show, his portrayal earned him the Saturn Award for Best Actor on Television in 2001, and a nomination the following year for the same award in the category "Best Actor in a Television Series", as well as seeing him named one of "The Ten Sexiest Men of Sci-Fi" by TV Guide. He won the 2005 Jury Award for Best Actor for his role as Shay Riley in television film The Fix. In 2006, he landed another of his most memorable roles, playing Colonel Tom Ryan in the hit television show, The Unit.
In later years, Patrick has landed central supporting roles in the critical successes Walk the Line, Elvis, Bridge to Terabithia, Spy Kids and Flags of Our Fathers. Allmovie described Patrick as having "developed a solid reputation within the industry," with critics, fans and co-stars praising "his work ethic, personality, and consistent performances."
... More. Less.
Robert Patrick
Birthdate: 5th November, 1958
Birthplace: Marietta, Georgia, USA
Sign In
Log In
Forgotten your password? |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44136 | ultra 64
Project Reality / Nintendo Ultra 64 [Tech Demos]
The Nintendo 64 was the culmination of work by Nintendo, Silicon Graphics, and MIPS Technologies. The SGI-based system design that ended up in the Nintendo 64 was originally offered to Tom Kalinske, then CEO of Sega of America by James H. Clark, founder of Silicon Graphics. SGI had recently bought out MIPS Technologies and the two companies had worked together to create a low-cost CPU/3D GPU combo that they thought would be ideal for the console market. A hardware team from Sega of Japan was sent to evaluate the chip’s capabilities and they found some faults which MIPS subsequently solved. However, Sega of Japan ultimately decided against SGI’s design. In the early stages of development, the Nintendo 64 was referred to by the code name “Project Reality”. This moniker came from the speculation within Nintendo that the console could produce CGI on par with then-current supercomputers. In 1994, the console was given the name Nintendo Ultra 64 in the West. – [Info from wikipedia]
Thanks to MathUser for some of these scans! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44149 | Mathieu Lefevre
Gothamist: NYPD Accident Investigation Blames Dead Cyclist For Williamsburg Crash
Court documents finally show why the NYPD’s Accident Investigation Squad decided not to charge the driver of a flatbed truck who fatally ran over cyclist Mathieu Lefevre in October.
Click here for the full article. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44178 | Vita Beata
Vita Beata provides an online forum for your child to engage with other students from around the country in live, online, moderated discussion groups dedicated to specific Classical Studies and Literature courses from Memoria Press.
Through this forum, students are able to engage with other children from around the country as they discuss course topics, with an experienced homeschool parent as the course facilitator.
Enrollment is open now to any student using Memoria Press Classical Studies or Literature materials at home. See a full list of available discussion groups below, and click on the registration form on the upper right hand corner of this page to register.
The Following Discussion Groups Are Now Active!
Registration for the 2019-20 school year has now ended. Stay tuned for an opportunity to register for next year!
3rd Grade Literature
4th Grade Literature
5th Grade Literature
Wednesdays, 1:00pm EST
6th Grade Literature
7th Grade Literature
8th Grade Literature
Thursdays, 3:00pm EST
9th Grade Literature
Fridays, 10:00am EST
10th Grade Literature
Year 1 Classical Studies
Thursdays, 2:00pm EST
Year 2 Classical Studies
Year 3 Classical Studies
Wednesdays, 3:00pm EST
Year 4 Classical Studies
Year 5 Classical Studies
Wednesdays, 3:00pm EST
Year 6 Classical Studies
Year 7 Classical Studies
Year 8 Classical Studies |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44192 | Cozzette Infinite Makeup - 0.35 oz
In stock
• The basics
Cozzette Infinite Makeup pairs high-definition technology with natural, skin-nourishing ingredients to create an exceptional stick foundation and concealer in one.
• The benefits
Combining a state-of-the-art color target system with amazing coverage and texture, this antioxidant-rich formula calms skin irritations and acne while it beautifies and hydrates the skin.
• The uses
Infinite Makeup delivers revolutionary coverage, texture, and a phenomenal color target system!
• The bottom line
Infinitely beautifying. Foundation on one side, brush on the other. Dimensions 3.54 x 1.10 x 1.10 in
Your Rating*
Success! Your Review has been accepted for moderation.
More Products You Might Like |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44225 | Ken Hamblin remembers Alan Berg 25 years later
This month marks the 25th anniversary of KOA radio personality Alan Berg's murder. But despite this substantial passage of time, Ken Hamblin, Berg's friend and colleague, still gets emotional when he thinks about the evening when he broke the news about the slaying to radio listeners across the state and the region. "It was a tough night," he notes, after pausing to pull himself back together. "It was a tough year. It was a tough five years. It's still tough twenty-five years later."
At first, Berg, who manned the 8 a.m. to noon shift at KOA, and Hamblin, at the microphone from 8 p.m. to midnight, didn't get along. "We had a very stormy, fiery beginning, I think because our temperaments were so parallel," Hamblin says. "We'd have weekly staff meetings, and Alan and I would always be nipping at each other. He was a horrendous chain smoker, and I hated going into the booth and finding the ashtray overflowing and ashes all over the telephone. That became a bone of contention for us."
Their relationship didn't improve much until both were assigned to broadcast from Vail in connection with an international skiing event. Their agenda included an interview with former President Gerald Ford, and as they made their way to their remote studio, Berg, who'd unwisely worn a half-coat and leather-bottomed shoes, nearly fell over, forcing Hamblin to come to the rescue. "You know the Secret Service is watching this," Hamblin remembers Berg saying as they tottered along. "We make a pretty weird couple, don't we?"
Not that Berg minded their differences. Before long, he was referring to them on the air as "Hymie and the Shvartze" -- the latter being the Yiddish term for "black." Far from being offended, Hamblin was amused. "Alan was not in crisis about being Jewish, and I'm still not in crisis about being black," he points out. "After that, we bonded."
Before their Vail stay was over, they'd gotten into a rhythm that reached its apotheosis during a debate about public breastfeeding. Berg knew it would be a hot-button topic, and when Hamblin ventured that he saw nothing wrong with the practice, he took the opposite angle to juice up the proceedings. "He went on and on about how, if a woman had to breastfeed, she should do it in the lavatory, and if she couldn't do it there, she should put a towel over her head," Hamblin recalls, laughing. "And then he talked about seeing a woman breastfeeding in the lodge 'wearing a short skirt and go-go boots. And the kid she was breastfeeding was 23-years old!'"
The ice broken, Berg and Hamblin began lunching together several times a month at a restaurant near KOA's old Lincoln Street studios. Berg was never satisfied with his performances. According to Hamblin, "He'd ask, 'What did you think of the show?' And I'd say, 'It was a good show.' And he'd say, 'Nah, you're full of shit.'" But if he was wary of positives, he didn't shy away from dishing them out. "He'd tell me, 'You're going to be so lucky. The business is changing. There's going to be a place for you,'" Hamblin remembers.
Likewise, Hamblin felt that Berg was bound for even bigger things -- but his radio rise came to an abrupt end the night of June 18, 1984, when he was gunned down in his driveway by members of a white-supremacist group called The Order. Hamblin was already midway through his shift that night when Rick Barber, a longtime overnight host who was then working as a newsman, walked into the studio a few minutes late for the 10 o'clock break. "He had on a white shirt, his tie was loose, his sleeves were rolled up, he had on a pair of braces -- suspenders -- and he didn't say anything to me," Hamblin says. "He just sat down, nodded to the engineer, who clicked on his mike, and the first words out of his mouth were, 'Alan Berg has been shot.' My jaw slackened at the sound of it. And then, his next words were, 'The Denver Police Department confirms that he's dead.'
"I could feel myself tumbling into a black pit," Hamblin goes on. "It was like something out of the old Twilight Zone." Nonetheless, the show had to go on, and as the phone lines lit up, he discovered that his reaction mirrored that of the station's listeners. "There was shock, disbelief -- and we all needed to talk about it," he says. To give everyone a platform for their grief, he remained on the air for at least a couple of hours beyond the usual end of his slot: "I stayed until two a.m. The media was there, but I didn't want to leave the booth. It wasn't real until I walked out of there. As long as I stayed in that booth, I could postpone it. But I couldn't postpone it forever."
KOA assigned security to watch over Hamblin for the next week, and he promptly applied for, and eventually got, a permit to carry a weapon. In the meantime, he received advice from Denver police about how to stay safe: "They said, 'If you think a car behind you is following you, make a right turn, and then make another right turn. And if they're still back there after the third right turn, you've got a problem. Head for the cop shop." But neither packing a gun nor learning evasive maneuvers made it any easier to deal with the impact of Berg's death on his psyche. "It's bad enough when you lose someone to cancer, or even to a car accident," he maintains. "But when somebody's murdered, it's like a wrecking ball. It's a tough thing to get your arms around."
At first, he felt "numbness," he says. But then, "you'd get angry, and you'd speak out. You'd raise your voice and go after things in detail. You became less tolerant of intolerance, whether it was black racism or anti-Semitism or whatever."
If the once-liberal Hamblin doesn't directly connect his growing conservatism to the Berg killing, he makes it clear that it had a major effect on his ideological evolution. "I started calling a spade a spade, cutting the pie down the middle," he says. "I had people telling me I had an obligation to become their megaphone, to preach their narrowness, their prejudice -- and by refusing to do that, I built a reputation for being controversial, provocative. And one day, it donned on me. The limited amount of time I spent with Alan Berg was like being in the tail of a comet. I wasn't at the head of the comet, I wasn't in the middle, I was at the tail. And I realized how much he impacted what I became on the radio. You have to be comfortable with what you're doing. If you're not comfortable, don't get into the three-ring circus, don't go to the zoo, don't sit behind this microphone. Because if you aren't comfortable, you're going to flop. You're going to fall on your face."
With that philosophy in mind, Hamblin took on the guise of the Black Avenger, a man unafraid to counter and contradict the liberalism of the African-American political power structure. Along the way, he became the host of a nationally syndicated talk show, the author of two books, and a favorite talking head on assorted cable-news networks. But earlier this decade, around the time the syndication arrangement fell through, he realized that he'd tired of his combative persona. "I didn't want to sit on Fox News and try to convince people that America was a great country," he says. "And I didn't want to go on CNN and argue with people who didn't want to leave Harlem or Watts because of their own xenophobia. I reached a burnout point."
So he retired, and thanks in part to some wise investments (including a couple of Quiznos restaurants he owned and sold), he's pretty well fixed. He and his wife, who live in Frisco with their three dogs, spend much of their time traveling; they've got a trip to Paris and Rome scheduled for September. But he's hardly forgotten the people he met on the way from there to here -- Alan Berg among them. "He's still with me," he says. "He's always there."
• Top Stories
Sign Up >
No Thanks!
Remind Me Later > |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44259 | Carefree Hair Remover Totally Smooth Leg Crème
It's summer, so of course you want your legs to be smooth for your favorite skirts and shorts. But shaving every day or two can be such a drag, right? There are the bumps and nicks, not to mention having to twist yourself into a pretzel in the shower. That's why we're loving this new cream hair remover from Carefree ($7.49 at drugstores). You smooth it on with the razor-like sponge applicator, wait 3–10 minutes and then wipe it off. Voil ! Super-smooth gams, unmarred by cuts and irritation. You don't even have to hop in the shower if you don't want to. "My upper legs have never been so smooth," our tester enthused, adding that it was faster and easier than shaving.-The Editors
OK, now you spill it: What's the best hair remover you've ever tried?
Advertisement - Continue Reading Below
More From Lifestyle |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44296 | NEXT OIL DOMINO TO FALL? Mexico Becomes A Net Oil Importer
By the SRSrocco Report,
While Mexico suffered the bloodiest year of violent deaths in 2018, even bigger trouble may be ahead for the embattled country. For the first time in more than 50 years, Mexico has become a net importer of oil. This is undoubtedly bad news for the Mexican Government as it has relied upon its oil revenues to fund a large percentage of its public spending.
And, the majority of these revenues came from just one prolific oil field. After the discovery of the huge Cantarell Oil Field in the Gulf of Mexico in 1976, Mexico's oil production surged from 894,000 barrels per day to a peak of 3.8 million barrels per day (mbd) in 2004. That year, Mexico's net oil exports exceeded 1.8 mbd.
Unfortunately, the downturn of Mexico's oil production was also due to the peak and decline of the Cantarell Oil Field, which topped out at 2.1 mbd in 2004 and is now below 135,000 barrels per day:
With the rapid decline in Cantarell's oil production, Mexico's net oil exports also plummeted from 1.8 mbd in 2004 to only 314,000 barrels per day in 2017. However, the situation for Mexico's net oil exports continued to deteriorate in 2018 as its domestic oil supply fell to a new low at the end of the year.
According to several sources, the BP 2018 Statistical Review, IEA's OMR Reports, and the EIA's data on World Oil Production, Mexico became a net oil importer in November 2018:
I find it strange that this has not yet been mentioned in the news as it is a very critical factor for the future of Mexico. Now, I would like to qualify that the data I am using is accurate. I found Mexico's total petroleum production and consumption data from the EIA, the U.S. Energy Information Agency's World Oil Production Browser, the IEA's, the International Energy Agency OMR Reports, and BP's 2018 Statistical Review.
In just a little more than a year, Mexico's net oil exports fell from 314,000 barrels per day to net imports of 90,000 barrels per day in December 2018. This next chart shows Mexico's total oil supply versus consumption for each month in 2018:
Of course, we don't know if Mexico will be able to increase production, but if we consider the disaster that is taking place at PEMEX, the country's national oil company, I highly doubt domestic oil production will recover. Why? Well, let's just say, PEMEX is on the verge of bankruptcy as the company published two troubling signs in its Q4 2018 Financial Report:
1. Falling Oil Production
2. Rising Long-Term Debt
According to PEMEX's Q4 2018 Report, oil production fell from 1.90 mbd Q4 2017 to 1.76 mbd in Q4 2018. These figures are for oil production only and do not include NGPL (natural gas plant liquids) and refining gains. Which is why it doesn't add up to the 1.94 mbd for December 2018 shown in the chart above.
Regardless, oil production continues to decline at PEMEX while it's long-term debt reached a new record high of $96 billion last year:
So, even with all the additional capital expenditures, (shown by the massive increase in long-term debt), PEMEX was not able to prevent the inevitable decline of its domestic oil production. What happens to PEMEX when oil production really starts to decline?
Sadly, as domestic oil supply continues to decline, the Mexican Government will have lower oil revenues to support its public spending. I believe Mexico is likely one of the next OIL DOMINOS to fall... and it won't be pretty.
I will be doing a more detailed update on PEMEX's financial information when they release their next quarterly report.
Check back for new articles and updates at the SRSrocco Report. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44312 | Revised Post: Sure
Experiencing the wrenching pain of child loss has helped me to recognize more fully that most grieving people have an intense need for hope, for assurance that they will someday be reunited with their loved ones.
Assurance and hope based on facts leads to peace and can take the edge off grief when it threatens to escalate to despair. False hope, however, which is a counterfeit assurance based on error, can make one feel better, but only temporarily.
In the still small hours of a sleepless night, one needs something more substantial than “I hope to see him again.” By now, if you have read this far, it is apparent that I am quite certain of seeing Hans again. Heaven is a real place. My son is there. I am sure of this as a person can be.
I have observed people who do not believe in an afterlife; the anger, guilt and despair they often carry on top of their grief can be shattering. Likewise, the mourner that senses there must be something more to our brief existence on the earth, but has no concrete ideas about it, is vulnerable to being lost in a quagmire of error that may bring temporary relief, but no true and lasting peace.
There are various pleasant sounding popular notions about death and dying to choose from that seemingly help make the pain more bearable. Here are a few I have run into:
Everybody goes to Heaven, no questions asked. This does not bring peace because it violates one’s innate sense of justice. Under this system, the murderer and the victim both go to Heaven. No sin occurred, no penalty is paid. Mercy is granted to all because all are essentially good somewhere deep inside. In addition to straying far from the facts, this arrangement stands justice on its head, satisfying no one and, I believe, deep down, most people that hold this view know it.
It is appointed unto men once to die,
but after this the judgment. (Hebrews 9:27)
And these shall go away into everlasting punishment:
but the righteous into life eternal. (Matthew 25:46
My child is not gone. He is right here with me, I just can’t see him. Comforting as this thought is, I believe most parents, if they are honest, suspect it is not true. It is a little lie we tell ourselves when the longing for our child becomes overwhelming. We confuse past memories with present desire, combining them within our imagination in a desperate attempt to make it so. Comforting? Maybe for a time. But it is a fragile self-deception that has the potential of compounding our pain. It is tempting to think, since God is omnipresent, and Hans is with Him, that maybe Hans is omnipresent, too-that my son is with me wherever I go. But, this is a not an idea at all supported by scripture. God’s word says that when Jesus returns,
(1Thessalonians 4:14).
God cannot bring with Him someone who is already here. No, Hans is gone-gone to Heaven to be with the Lord. He is done with this old groaning world.
There is no Heaven, there is only energy, and when I leave this planet I will join all the other energies out there, one of which is my child, and we will co-exist forever in a state of blissful harmony. This is wishful thinking without any basis in fact. One might be able to make this sound almost scientific, but trying to prove this nonsense would be an impossibility. Assurance? Hardly. How much better is sure hope from God’s word:
which is in heaven. Matthew 18:10
This is all there is. There is no afterlife. I have nothing to look forward to except death which will finally bring an end to my pain. No, no hope here. But look what is in store for those who believe:
And God shall wipe away all tears from their eyes;
neither shall there be any more pain:
I understand how easy it is to grasp at anything plausible that offers assurance that we will see our children again, that they are not really gone, or that it does not even matter. But plausible is not good enough. I want the Truth. I want reality. I want what actually is. Anything else will not help me and certainly will not do Hans any good. I have the Truth. I do not need fairy tales.
So, how can I be so confident that I will see my son again?
Is it because he was “a good boy”; was “never in any trouble”; “was no worse than anyone else”?
Is it because his family goes to church every Sunday and Hans never missed a meeting unless he was sick?
Is it because his parents are Christians?
No, no and no.
Not by works of righteousness which we have done,
but according to his mercy he saved us (Titus 3:5)
There is only one assurance I can claim concerning where Hans is today. That assurance lies in the person and work of Jesus Christ and in the promises He has given us in His Word:
And whosoever liveth and believeth in me shall never die.
Believest thou this? (John 11:25-26)
So here it is in a nutshell:
Hans, like all of us, like me, and like you if you are honest, was a sinner by nature, by birth, by choice and by practice. He knew this.
Hans knew he could not get rid of this sin problem by himself. He knew he needed a Redeemer and Savior, Someone to take his penalty for sin and to satisfy God the Father’s holy justice. No one gets away with anything – Hans knew this, too.
For the wages of sin is death;
but the gift of God is eternal life through
Jesus Christ our Lord. (Romans 6:23)
Jesus is God the Son which makes Him the only qualified Person to act as our substitute and to take the punishment we deserve. There is one way into God’s Heaven. Jesus is it. Hans knew this as well.
the man Christ Jesus; (1 Timothy 2:5)
Neither is there salvation in any other:
for there is none other name under heaven given among men,
whereby we must be saved. (Acts 4:12)
So far, so good. But what did Hans do with all this?
He believed it. That’s it.
That if thou shalt confess with thy mouth the Lord Jesus,
(Romans 10:9-13)
That is why I am so sure I will see Hans again. Because I believe what Hans believed.
How about you?
What keeps you from believing, too?
What Hans Believed
The Gift Offered
The Gift Received
The Gift Fulfilled
10 replies »
1. Kim. This is my belief and my family ‘s belief. The scripture the Words of God. I will see Melanie again also because she accepted Jesus as her savior. Believed he was Gods son sent to die on the cross for her/ our sins… and rose again. Sometimes in my grief I can get caught up with “fairytale” as if being with The Lord isn’t enough of an reward. I don’t think I’m struggling with my salvation but I am struggling with why He took her. Sometimes I’m mad. I’m sorry. – thank you for writing biblical truths.
Liked by 1 person
• Susan, I praise God that in your grief, you continue to cling to the beautiful Gospel of salvation in Jesus Christ. Your struggle with “why?” and the anger that can accompany that struggle is understandable. Stay close to Him, keep reading His word, especially the promises regarding Heaven and His return for us with our believing loved ones. And lay all those troubling questions at His feet. He is faithful. And not only is He enough, He is more than enough, beyond what we can grasp down here even in our closest moments of communion with Him. I know you know this, and I know it is hard. Keep taking it to Him. He will help and strengthen you as you walk this road with Him.
2. Kim, I agree with Bruce. This is truth, beautifully stated. Heart driven and wonderfully spoken. God keep you in the palm of his hand as your grieving heart is filled with the promise of God almighty. He loves you and so do I. I rejoice in the victory of Christ Jesus, with you.
Liked by 1 person
Leave a Reply
You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change )
Google photo
Twitter picture
Facebook photo
Connecting to %s
Join 722 other followers
Follow You Can Trust Him. on
Hans’ Memorial Website Link
Hans Nolywaika Memorial Website
Blog Stats
• 54,015 hits
%d bloggers like this: |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44330 | Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Bulkowski, Thomas N., –. Encyclopedia of chart patterns / Thomas N. Bulkowski.—2nd ed. p. cm. is internationally known author and trader Thomas Bulkowski’s FREE website for research on chart patterns, candlesticks, event patterns, trading setups and trading tips, Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns 2nd Edition book. Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns 2nd Edition of Chart Patterns, Thomas Bulkowski.
Author: Zuluktilar Shakasho
Country: Saint Kitts and Nevis
Language: English (Spanish)
Genre: Art
Published (Last): 4 July 2009
Pages: 429
PDF File Size: 14.21 Mb
ePub File Size: 17.67 Mb
ISBN: 256-5-23386-244-7
Downloads: 95446
Price: Free* [*Free Regsitration Required]
Uploader: Jujora
Minor Lows Chapter 3: This comprehensive guide skillfully gives investors straightforward solutions to profitably trading chart patterns. Here’s buljowski testimonial that’s worth reading not for what he says about my books which is nice but about his success trading the markets.
Head-and-Shoulders Tops Chapter Change ‘Heavy’ to ‘Light’ as in ‘Light breakout volume is best.
Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns
One allergic sneeze by the farmer’s wife meant the puppy would bounce from owner to owner. It introduces market timing to help remove the risk of buying and holding a stock for years.
Break-even failure rate rank for Rectangle Bottoms, down breakout. If you forget about the ratio, the method of calculating a price target the measure rule is correct.
In the first sentence, change “broad” to “tall” so it should read “If the formation is especially tall, This part of the book looks at how chart patterns can help with position trading.
Reversals and Continuations Chapter Whether you are a novice who has never purchased a stock but wants to, or a professional money manager who trades daily, these books are a necessary addition to any market enthusiast’s bookshelf. The first book in the Evolution of a Trader series begins with the basics, creating a solid foundation of terms and techniques. He may be reached at.
Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns, 2nd Edition
Making Money by Trading Failure Chapter 9: Would you like to change to the site? Have you heard the phrase, Trade with the trend? Published April 1st by Wiley first published January 21st Check out the top books of the year on bulkowksi page Best Books of Selling Too Soon Hovnanian: You are currently using the site but have requested a page in the site.
From Chapter 2, Money Management 1. Big W Chapter 3: Before earning enough from his investments to “retire” from his day job at age thirty-six, Bulkowski was a hardware design engineer at Raytheon and a pztterns software engineer for Tandy Corporation.
Putting it All Together Chapter The Best Books of Evolution of a Trader from the preface. Now you can avoid potentially disastrous trades to focus on the big winners.
Holding a trade too long is worse than selling too early. Which Market Bullkowski Do Best? How to Retire at 36 Chapter 2: Price drops faster than it rises. From the Inside Flap From the author of the Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns comes his latest work, Trading Classic Chart Patterns, a groundbreaking primer on how to trade the most popular stock patterns.
Encyclopedia of Chart Patterns : Thomas N. Bulkowski :
Books by Thomas N. Place your order today.
Place your order today. Throwing Away Money or Smart Choice? |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44347 | Website Policy
AA Oklahoma – Web Site Policy
The purpose of the Web site is:
• To serve the fellowship of Alcoholics Anonymous.
• To serve as a resource for A.A. members, professionals working with alcoholics, the media, and the public at large.
• To provide accurate and consistent information about Alcoholics Anonymous.
• To provide information about services and activities provided by the Area 57 Office.
• To encourage participation of A.A. members, groups and committees in A.A. services and activities.
• Oversight of the Web site shall be the responsibility of the Area 57. Board of Directors, acting through its Media Services Committee.
• The Web site shall provide, whenever practicable, information in two languages: English and Spanish.
• The Web site shall make use of existing A.A. materials whenever practicable.
• The Web site shall provide contact information to Area 57 Districts by listing and linking to existing Web sites.
• The Web site shall provide contact information and assistance by including a list of Central Offices, Intergroups and Answering Services in the state of Oklahoma, including Web site and Email links where applicable.
• The Web site shall include selected Archives information and material.
• A.A. literature shall not be sold on the Web site, but catalog information, including prices, may be included, as well as information on where to purchase A.A. literature.
• The Web site shall welcome users to make suggestions about the Web site design and content.
• This Policy shall be reviewed annually by the Area 57 Media Services and Policy and Procedure Committees.
One day at a time
AA Oklahoma |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44352 | Questions & Answers
Question: Who is sponsoring this conference?
Answer: The Army Cyber Institute at West Point is sponsoring the conference in partnership with the NATO Cooperative Cyber Defence Centre of Excellence in Tallinn, Estonia. The conference is intended to complement the CyCon conference held annually in the Spring in Tallinn.
Question: Can I forward the invitation link to other people?
Answer: Yes! Please pass the word about this event to anyone you think may be interested in exchanging knowledge about the Cyber domain.
Question: What is the attire for the event?
Answer: For DoD attendees, the uniform is service class B equivalent. For all others, business casual.
Question: Can DoD personnel register now using FY19 money?
Yes. Due to the proximity of the Fiscal Year boundary to the event and limited availability of seats, it is permissible to pay registration fees using FY19 money. As always, check with your local SJA and G-8 to ensure local policies are followed.
Question: For U.S. DoD personnel, do I need to submit a conference travel request to attend the event?
No. The Army Cyber Institute already has conference approval for this event covering DoD attendees. Once your registration is approved, you will fall under that blanket approval. If you require a copy of the approval memo prior to registering, please contact SFC Natasha Orslene via the contact form to obtain a copy. We will require a trip report after the event to account for your expenses IAW the Army and DoD conference policy.
Question: Can I set-up a vendor display at the event?
Answer: Unfortunately, we do not allow sales activities by commercial vendors at CyCon U.S. We welcome professionals from cybersecurity companies who can contribute to the active discussions held at the conference but no sales pitches please. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44355 | Information for "Frederik VI (Denmark)"
Jump to: navigation, search
Basic information
Display titleFrederik VI (Denmark)
Default sort keyFrederik 06 (Denmark)
Page length (in bytes)3,246
Page ID11207
Page content languageEnglish (en)
Indexing by robotsDisallowed
Number of views152
Number of redirects to this page2
Counted as a content pageYes
Page protection
EditAllow all users
MoveAllow all users
Edit history
Page creatorAdmiral31 (Talk | contribs)
Date of page creation19:31, 18 May 2014
Latest editorAdmiral31 (Talk | contribs)
Date of latest edit10:10, 10 September 2019
Total number of edits19
Total number of distinct authors1
Recent number of edits (within past 91 days)0
Recent number of distinct authors0
Page properties
Transcluded templates (5)
Templates used on this page: |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44368 | Russian Brides Wiki – review | ALFIS Asesores
What Is actually Thus Exclusive Regarding Russian Mail Order Brides?
If you most likely to seek a wife online, you may discover any person. Different dating web sites and also applications can easily supply hundreds of profile pages for all preferences. Blonds and also redheads, high and also small, Eastern and also International– girls that are actually seeking their passion are actually various.
Yet some of the best commonly browse ask for is actually “Russian mail order bride”, and also it has actually gotten on leading for some time actually. A lot of males throughout the globe goal to receive among the Russian gals. Famous Slavic appeal overcomes the centers of men just about everywhere, as well as western side bridegrooms may not be the exemption. However a rather skin is actually certainly not it; there should be actually one thing else that creates Russian females thus preferred as wives. Therefore, what is actually that? Permit’s discover.
What perform we understand regarding Russian gals?
Besides ”
mystical Russian heart
“, that possesses presently end up being a catch phrase, there are actually a ton of usual thought and feelings regarding Russian single people wide-spread around the entire world. Allow’s make an effort to set up what our company currently learn about all of them.
Russian gals are actually comical, imaginative as well as do not just like to become embeded one area. Commonly, they are actually very energetic and also settle on various experiences conveniently. The will definitely to understand as well as make an effort one thing brand-new is actually gaining, therefore make an effort to reach that! You will definitely certainly never be actually worn out along with a lady like that. It is actually a really good sort of interest that relocates her onward, and also, think our company, that is actually a terrific attribute for devoting your opportunity with each other. Visualize you in two decades, when each of you will definitely transform (therefore will definitely the situations in your lifestyle), and also she still will definitely be actually appealing and also varied in her passions! That brings in an excellent significant other.
Healthcare facility.
It is actually definitely that Russian girls create the most effective homemakers and also can easily operate your house completely. It is actually likewise in their customs to become quite invited as well as open-hearted, thus ensure that your Russian significant other is going to perform her absolute best to satisfy your attendees and also household. The stories are actually genuine to ensure it will definitely be actually one more appealing attribute of hers. Although it is actually certainly not the best vital while picking your companion, still the potential to make great cleaning is actually a pleasant reward, which absolutely will not dissatisfy you.
As for she originates from a nation where she possibly needed to carry out a great deal through herself, a Russian female recognizes what duty is actually. She can easily decide and also take its own repercussions. If you get married to a Russian lady, you may be certain that she is actually claiming “yes” along with all understanding. Fooling around is actually nothing for her, so she begins a loved ones in a rational technique. The good news is for males, Russian single people take relationship as a significant intervene their lifestyle, it is actually certainly not some messing around or even “one more awesome factor to attempt”. They take into consideration hubby as a male to remain with for good, therefore depend on that.
Slavic skins are actually the most beautiful; it has actually been actually shown lot of times. Russian as well as Ukrainian women effectively take initial awards in various elegance competitions as well as attraction everyone around. Yet it is actually certainly not merely regarding the appeal attribute provided, however it is actually likewise concerning self-care. Unlike the western side perspective of what is actually gorgeous, far eastern females take that truly as well as consistently make an effort to appear their absolute best, or even a minimum of acceptable to excite their neighboring as well as switch guys’s scalps. Back in their house nations they do not possess this International method like “pleasant is actually the brand new dark”, therefore ignore observing your loved one in a tracksuit. A Russian female will certainly favor a gown to a number of pants and also at the very least a lightweight makeup to the overall lack of it. Thus, choosing a wife like that, you may happily stroll her down the roads as well as create various other males envious, due to the fact that this scorching girl is all yours!
Although Ukrainian and also Russian songs do not quit on marital relationship just and also cultivate on their own in the occupation, they are actually commonly all set to compromise their task for the loved ones. Taking care of little ones and also maintaining your house appears to all of them even more authentic than getting to the best openings in company, and also they are actually increased up along with the tip of being actually a really good as well as assisting wife. Nonetheless, it does not suggest that they just become a “domestic” as well as receive pulled to the chair. A Russian gal is actually individual as well as determined adequate to wish to benefit her very own goals.
Without any reason nurturing.
She can easily experience excessive and also slim along with you if she succumbs to you. Actually, this passion may be crazy and also amazingly sturdy. Some might viciously call it blind, however it only indicates that they have actually never ever been actually liked by doing this. Possessing such a female at hand maintains you up as well as offers the creativity. Furthermore, it creates a desire to give back two times as a lot passion as she commits to you.
Why perform they end up being mail order brides?
Therefore why do not those priceless ladies possess groups of aficionados in their residence nations? What creates Russian as well as Ukrainian gals search for their fate online? The solution is actually basic.
Accurate or even inaccurate?
Although Russian brides often tend to possess a really good track record on the planet, shockingly, there still are actually a considerable amount of factors untrue, or even, to put it simply, beliefs to become broken. Allow’s go deeper in to this as well as speak by means of the important things you have actually perhaps mistaken regarding Russian women.
They intend to swipe your every little thing.
Exists. If you presume that a gal that is actually talking along with you online is actually one hundred% fraudulence, merely do not utilize the dating systems. Yes, no person can easily ensure that every female online is actually a guardian, however it is actually certainly not the explanation to suspect. The financial circumstance in far eastern International nations is actually undoubtedly worth than in United States or even Canada, however, think our team, nearby ladies do not manage you as a financial institution. If you are actually inquired to deliver loan online– it should be actually a scams, due to the fact that our system supplies particular income solutions, which are actually sincere and also risk-free. Attempt to maintain your interaction very clear as well as find out to depend on folks, yet listen.
They will certainly wed any person.
Certainly not real. There is actually a fallacy that Russian ladies are actually therefore despairing that they prepare to stay with any person that reveals a rate of interest in all of them, however it is actually much coming from the fact. Like any sort of rational girl, a Russian girl prefers a suitable companion, which indicates she would not succumb to any person. She is actually fussy in the common sense and also selects her significant other prudently, considering that, as it has actually been actually pointed out in the past, she looks at developing a loved ones a severe organisation as well as desires the most ideal selection.
They are actually certainly not intelligent.
There is actually a fashion that Russian mail order brides may not be taught due to the lifestyle health conditions or even another thing, which is actually why they seek an overseas guy to assure all of them a pleased lifestyle in an additional nation. Effectively, possibly that holds true for some different situations, yet most of Russian and also Ukrainian contends the very least one level, and also it is actually frequently much more than one. Girls acquire their levels to specify the freedom as well as take the odds to obtain one thing. They are actually much more calculated than you might believe, and also it is actually an excellent characteristic of personality.
They are actually flawlessly.
If you anticipated to “acquire” your own self a quiet as well as passive little bit of wife scanning Russian dating websites, ignore it. Each Ukrainian as well as Russian ladies mean their independence and also desire somewhat be actually a companion than a slave. A dream to possess solid males through their edge does not indicate any type of vulnerability; it is actually a routine longing of each self-respective lady. Like anyone else, a Russian bride prefers you, her fiancé, to become trustworthy, as well as she prepares to deliver her support as well as treatment as an alternative.
They are actually trivial.
Yet another misconception to become broken. Merely presume: if she had not been thinking about a connection, why would certainly she make an effort to seek a spouse? It is actually a poor tip to hook up some characteristics to race, thus you never ever can easily point out that Russians rip off. Anyone can easily rip off if they are actually an evildoer, and also poor does not call for any kind of certain decline. Thus, if you desire a devoted female– search for her and also eliminate all fashions in your scalp.
Where can I discover a Russian bride?
Therefore, if you have actually eventually determined that you wish a Russian gal for a wife, you need to recognize where to seek her. The good news is, the task is actually provided for you, as well as our company show a line of well-known and also checked out sites to begin your connection. Each of all of them has actually been actually analyzed as well as examined, so it is actually respected. Examine all of them out, find which one is actually the best pleasant for you as well as begin your enchanting journey!
Victoria Hearts
Some of one of the most well-known outdating system offering the potential to select and also talk the girls you as if. An exclusive attribute of this particular resource is actually that it las a Tinder-like application which assists you to remain in contact along with the gal 24/7. An exclusive formula proposes you the ladies you may such as depending on to the information you offered as well as the options you have actually brought in. The enrollment is actually quick and also basic.
A dating internet site along with the massive account center. It provides services for Russian brides, however you can easily likewise discover certainly there females coming from various other Far eastern International, Eastern and also Classical United States nations. The internet site is going to weekly deliver you accounts of girls you might as if. You can easily make use of a ton of companies beginning along with video-chats completed with sending out presents. The prices is actually much more than sensible, thus attempt this out!
Anastasia Day
Certainly not as well strained along with mixeds media, however user-friendly, this website still delivers great solution for discovering your Russian passion. You can easily specify various degrees of hunt (standard or even sophisticated) to create it even more vast or even certain– as you such as. Every profile page is actually confirmed throughout enrollment, so the anti-scam device functions completely. The area features over twenty thousand customers throughout the planet!
RomanceTale FREE SIGN UP
This web site may likewise possess its own data source and also level of popularity given that the amount of guests monthly is actually greater than 180 1000, which is actually a whole lot. The unique attribute of RomanceTale is actually that it reveals you newly-registered accounts, thus you can easily enjoy the updates of the data source and also regularly try to find somebody to consult with. RomanceTale likewise proposes coordinating an in person conference along with your female if you would like to go genuine.
Link Of Affection
This system provides services for solitary Ukrainian females, that are actually created being actually really good wives, ideal house cleaners, and also suitable lifestyle companions. The user interface of the point out is actually effortless as well as pleasing to utilize; whatever is actually user-friendly so you will not obtain perplexed. Sign up does not take long, as well as you may make use of the internet site completely free prior to getting any kind of companies. Link Of Passion assures to aid along with your connections as long as you need to have, coming from the really initial discussion till the wedding event.
Hope Relationship
The web sites provide you a selection in between 4 various registration bundles relying on your prospective task, thus you can easily pick what fits you. What is actually even more, it delivers you along with a three-day test duration, when you may explore the web site and also look into females’ accounts. Every one of the information, twinkles, as well as conversations are actually certainly not cost-free, yet you receive the amount of time to pick that you like many and also receive made use of to the user interface.
Russian Cupid
The web site, which belongs of widely known Cupid media team, has actually been actually helping practically 10 years previously and also as a result is actually respected. It likewise aids you in any sort of facet of your internet love along with a Russian woman, plus organizes your conference if needed to have. Russian Cupid possesses various registrations also, so you may peruse all of them and also take the one which fits your requirements. Incidentally, the proprietors of platinum eagle subscription possess automatical interpretation solution.
An International Relationship (Passion Me).
The best of the solution offered obtained this system an award phoned Absolute best specific niche internet site at iDate honors. Unlike the various other web site, it is actually focused on intimate trips abroad. Every little thing is actually searched in breakthrough for you through Affection Me, thus all of you need to have to carry out is actually choose a nation and also pick the amount of time of your go to (it may be around 2 week). Satisfying local area ladies, looking into the nation as well as searching for a bride– that’s what entices guys to utilize An International Undertaking.
Russian Brides.
This website belongs of Anastasia loved ones yet is actually extra paid attention to Asian International brides, as well as consequently consists of additional details regarding the local area uniqueness of mindset, heritages, and so on. Russian Brides is actually readily available in 3 foreign languages, that makes it a lot more hassle-free being used. An exclusive solution it supplies is actually Online Conversation, where you message your companion, yet observe her simultaneously. You may examine the listing of leading thousand girls and also select one of the most wonderful for you.
Elena’s Versions.
The system has actually performed it all to create your interaction along with a prospective bride as effortless as feasible: the web site possesses an application. So you can easily converse along with your female on-the-go, however that is actually certainly not it. It possesses a build-in linguist to decrease all achievable false impressions and also violate a foreign language obstacle. The pictures of ladies are actually on a regular basis improved to actualise their profile page and also prevent hoax.
Discover Bride.
Numerous forms of subscription permit you to make use of the web site in various methods. The data bank delivers excellent complete accounts along with photographes of girls as well as also their intro video clips fired specifically for Locate Bride web site, therefore you may find all of them moving and also recognize their etiquettes. The scam-protection is actually progressed: every girl passes a real-life meeting prior to enrollment, therefore every one of the dangers of scams are actually omitted.
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44384 | How to Label Faces in Google Photos?
Adding names in Google Photos can save up your precious time while also helping you in adding that personalized touch.
To add a name to any face in Google Photos, press on the search bar and choose any face. Next, name it. By this you shall be able to search images of this individual in Google Photos quickly. Fortunately, the label names can be changed by you whenever you want.
Here are some steps to label names in Google Photos:
Method 1: Adding names to faces in the phone application
1. Firstly, go to the Google Photos symbol.
2. Then, ensure that the Face Grouping is turned on. Go through the given below instructions:
3. Firstly, press on the menu.
4. Then, choose ‘Settings.’
5. After that, ensure that the ‘Face Grouping’ button is turned on. You can switch it off whenever you wish.
6. Lastly, click on the back arrow for returning to Photos.
7. Next, click into the search bar.
8. After that, press on the arrow pointing right side for viewing each of the faces.
9. Then, click on the face for adding a name.
10. Next, press on ‘’who is this?’’
11. After that, write or choose a name. Note that no one else shall be able to view this name.
12. Then, press ‘Return’ on the keyboard.
13. Next, press the search bar. If you observe more than a single face symbol for this individual, organize each of them by giving the same name.
14. After that, press on the other image of the person’s face. You shall view the ‘Who’s This?’ bar in the upper left-hand side corner of the display.
15. Then, write the same name you gave earlier.
16. Next, click on the name. It will be present in the given options.
17. Lastly, press on ‘Yes.’
Note that both the given faces have been given the same name, which implies whenever you write the name, photos Google associates with both face symbols shall get displayed in the search results.
You require to do this procedure again and again for the same individual.
Method 2: Deleting pictures from added names
1. Firstly, go to Google Photos.
2. Then, write the name in the search area.
3. After that, choose the name from the given options.
4. Next, tap on the menu. It will be on the upper right-hand side corner of the page.
5. Then, choose ‘Remove Results.’
6. After that, press on the given circle for choosing a picture for removing.
7. Lastly, tap on Remove. Note that this link is given on the upper side. As soon as it is pressed, the added name shall be deleted from the picture.
Leave a Reply
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44385 | Tag Archives: #AskSteveAustin
Self-Compassion: What it is & How to Get More of It
(Final Episode) Self-Compassion: What it Is & How to Get More of It
Hello, friend! Welcome back!
This is the final episode of the #AskSteveAustin Podcast, and I’m so glad you’re here.
Today, I’d like to say a big THANK YOU for all your support around this show. And I want to give you a sneak peek at what’s coming.
I’ve been working behind the scenes the past couple of months, rebuilding and rebooting what will become “Catching Your Breath: The Podcast”. It’s coming in January. I hope you’re as excited as I AM!!
You can actually go to CatchingYourBreath.com right now and click on the podcast link at the top of the page to listen to the intro episode right now.
With the launch of “Catching Your Breath: The Podcast,” you can expect 30-minute episodes on self-help, self-compassion, and self-care. I’m going to take the principles from the book and make them as practical and action-oriented as possible for people just like you, living an extraordinary, ordinary life. I want to teach you how to cultivate calm in your everyday life. Think of it as a weekly breath of fresh air.
On today’s episode, I’d like to give you an idea of what the new show is going to feel like by talking about self-compassion.
Show notes:
Save 50% off on 90 Days of Calm before 11/26/18 at 11:59 pm CST by using discount code 90DAYS50 at checkout at 90DaysofCalm.com
Here are a few quotes about self-compassion I happen to love. Check these out:
• I only accept your mistakes and flaws to the degree that I accept my own. – Vironika Tugaleva
• The worst loneliness is to not be comfortable with yourself. – Mark Twain
• To love yourself is the beginning of a lifelong romance. – Oscar Wilde
• Nothing external to you has any power over you. – Ralph Waldo Emerson
So, for today’s giveaway, if you go to catchingyourbreath.com/bonus, you can download these 5 powerful quotes on self-compassion as posters. I’ve designed them just for you, and I’d love for you to have them. You can save them to your phone or print them out and put them around your home or office. Just go to catchingyourbreath.com/bonus today to get your free gift.
Music in today’s episode by Devin Balram. Go to noisetrade.com/devinbalram to download all of Devin’s wonderful music.
Additional music by Tony Anderson. Listen here on Noisetrade.
Jesus is Big Down Under
Jesus & Retaliation (with Bec Ray)
Alternate titles:
1. Jesus is Big Down Under
2. Jesus is Sassy AF
3. We’re all One Decision away from Being in Prison
About Bec:
Scripture Reference:
Connect with Bec:
jesus social worker
Jesus was a Social Worker (with Dr. Holly Oxhandler)
suicide and the woman at the well
Suicide, The Woman at the Well, & You
This bonus episode of the #AskSteveAustin Podcast features Steve Austin’s latest talk at Restore Alabaster. Check out this candid discussion on shame, suicide prevention, and creating a safe community.
Watch the video here.
Read Steve’s latest blog on this topic.
Stay connected:
Masturbation and How to Stop Disappointing Jesus
Those Who Hunger and Thirst for Righteousness (with Brad Polley)
Alternate Titles:
1. The Beatitudes and Masturbation
2. Spanking the Monkey with Brad Polley
3. The REAL Reason Paul went Blind
4. The Beatitudes: Who Cares?
Masturbation and How to Stop Disappointing Jesus
Show Notes:
• I don’t think Joel Osteen preaches on this very often.
• You can’t buy or earn your way into God’s Kingdom.
• When you’re poor, you don’t have much to defend.
• Prohibition just increases the temptation.
• IngloriousPasterds.com
• Music by: Act of Congress
Stay connected:
The Beatitudes, Scandal, & Queerness
Show notes:
Connect with Steve:
The Problem with Arrogant Religion #AskSteveAustin
Show notes:
Connect with Steve:
About Arthur:
Grace for Today: Paul Young
Tweetable Moments:
• Worry is not a fruit of the spirit.
• Money doesn’t give a damn about you.
• The opposite of more is enough.
• We have to grow up and become a child.
Show Notes:
Other Episodes Featuring Paul Young:
2. The Heart of Man
3. Looking for God in the Darkness
6. My first interview with Paul (2011).
2018 Top 5
Catching Your Breath: The Sacred Journey from Chaos to Calm
Catching Your Breath: Chapter 1 (feat. Steve Austin)
Episode 74 of the #AskSteveAustin Podcast is a bonus episode! This episode features Steve Austin, reading Chapter 1 of his brand-new book, Catching Your Breath: The Sacred Journey from Chaos to Calm. The book is available for pre-order now on Amazon, in both e-book and paperback format. Click here to order yours today!
Catching Your Breath Digital Swag Pack
• “In Catching Your Breath, Steve offers himself as a companion to those who feel like they are drowning, not as a lifeguard but as a coach saying ‘Hey. You can swim!’” — Andre Henry, Managing Editor, RELEVANT Magazine
• “…uncomfortably honest, remarkably compassionate, and beautifully rough around the edges. Thank you for your friendship, Steve. And thank you for this book. Page after page you reminded me that ‘It is finished.’”— Tullian Tchividjian, author of One-Way Love: Inexhaustible Grace for an Exhausted World and Jesus + Nothing = Everything
• “As I was reading Catching Your Breath, I was convinced that Steve had been reading my mind. Thankfully, he had just the words I needed to hear. I hope you enjoy this book as much as I did.”— Michael Baysinger, host of The Inglorious Pasterds Podcast
Tweetable moments:
• I’m not here to argue sacred vs. secular or Sunday vs. Monday. I’m less concerned with a need for theological rightness and far more passionate about kindness.
• In the midst of a sometimes-chaotic life, it’s normal to feel breathless.
• The harsh reality is this: sometimes, even good eggs crack. In those moments, friends and loved ones get the chance to pad the carton with an extra layer of love.
• Beneath all the different things we think we need permission for, I believe what we need is permission to be ourselves. Permission to belong, just as we are.
Show notes:
Jon Scott: Blessed are the PeaceMakers
Blessed are the Peacemakers (feat. Jon Scott)
Tweetable Moments:
• Humans want love before we even want food and drink.
• Peace is only possible if I believe it is.
• I believe peace comes from us, not to us.
• Don’t dispel the other, merge them.
• Social media is a perfect experiment for radical peace.
• Call out the bullshit without shitting on other people.
• You create the world from the inside out.
Show Notes: |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44386 | Remember to Laugh
When your child mispronounces a word, don’t rush to correct, laugh to yourself about how cute it sounds.
When your child gets themselves dressed and layers on three shirts and two skirts, laugh to yourself and enjoy their style.
When your child sings a song for the millionth time with all their heart in the middle of the supermarket aisle, celebrate their confidence.
When your child sasses you for not doing some errand as they see fit, don’t give them a talking to instead marvel at their attention to detail.
When your child eats like a squirrel and manages to cover the entire floor with crumbs, take a moment to relish their love of food.
What I want all of you to do today is to surrender your agendas, your worries, your endless coaching, and remember to marvel at this little human being who is making their way in the world. Enjoy their nonsense words, enjoy their sass, enjoy their naivete, enjoy their unconditional love, and enjoy their shortcomings because this is the magic that makes it all worth it.
What magic?
I’m referring to the magic of this day and this particular moment in time.
Notice how your child places their hand on you back. Notice how your child dances without rhyme or reason. Notice how your child loves to read books upside down.
Remember to laugh at the fact that your child sees your intelligence as foolishness and your silliness as brilliance.
If you do nothing else today, remember to laugh and enjoy your child. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44398 | Preparing with ACSM actual tests questions and answers and less ACSM test cost, you can pass the ACSM tests using right and critical ACSM test dumps with 98%-100% passing rate.
ACSM Certifications Actual Tests
As the ACSM certification exams and tests developing rapidly, more and more people realize that they need to take some ACSM tests to improve their skill to cope with work stress. In fact, passing the ACSM exams for one time is the best result examinees are willing to see. If you want to clear the exams, it's necessary to choose effective ACSM test dumps with better preparation. Generally, examinees will pass the tests after study 20-30 hours with Actual4test study materials. We're professional for the test dumps for IT certification exams, so we are more reliable to trust.
The ACSM study material provided by us has the high passing rate almost 98% to 100%. We have the strong composing team to promise the ACSM dumps' quality, and we are also serious about the latest update. We're checking about the update condition every day to get the newest update as soon as possible. In this way, we can promise that we have the best and newest ACSM actualtests for candidates. Of course, you needn't worry the failure. If you fail the ACSM exam, you will lose anything, because we assure to give full refund if you fail the test.
ACSM Hot Exams
Tested and Approved
Easy to Pass
Try Before Buy
Our Clients |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44399 | PHD #273: It's Not The Size Of The Boat
PHD #273: It's Not The Size Of The Boat
Summary: Khloe and Wade give some protips to Shiner about how to survive Nugget-dom.
Date: 26 Nov 2041 AE
Related Logs: None.
Khloe Shiner Wade
Flight Simulation - Deck 11 - Battlestar Cerberus
Post-Holocaust Day: #271
Khloe stands at the master console, the overhead display screen scrolling through a variety of data. Mainly, it appears she's researching gunnery training programs, of intermediate skill levels and higher. Nearby, stacked up on a desk, are several flight training manuals, most of which share a common phrase: "Basic Flight."
The one advantage to still being somewhat gimpy is that Shiner can't actually propel himself particularly fast along the flats ad gangways of the ship. This, in turn, means that when he trips on the way into the sims, he manages to just about recover before he's flat on his face, cane whipping down from his shoulder to steady him. Still in deck overalls and smudged with grease, there's little doubt he's come straight from his shift, but he gamely throws up a sort of salute as he straightens himself out. "Sir! I'm here for training, sir! Sorry I'm late."
"The first lesson that I'm going to teach you, Mr. Wright," Captain Vakos says, without looking up from her console as she continues to poke around its data stores. "Is that if you are going to report for training, you do such on time, properly groomed, and in a proper flight suit. For now, I'll overlook this, since you clearly can't take a piss without someone holding your member, yet. What's the ETA on when you'll be giving that cripple stick back to Sickbay?"
Shiner looks down at his overalls, then squints over at her curiously. She didn't even look! How does she KNOW? "Uh… yes, sir. But I just got off shift, sir!" he protests. "I got here as fast as I could! And I'm hardly using the stick at all," he lies smoothly.
Another person that drops by the Flight Simulation Room, is Wade. He is wearing his flight suit at the moment, helmet held under his right arm. When he steps inside the room, he spots Khloe and Shiner, and decides to approach them. The man offers a salute to Khloe "Captain", followed by a nod to Shiner after lowering his hand "Mr. Wright, I hope you have been doing some reading?" After that, he says nothing more, because it seems that Khloe is doing some teaching at the moment. He steps to the side for a moment and places his helmet on a table.
Khloe is quick to return Wade's salute, although Shiner has the most of her attention. "Then you need to schedule your time better. It's not practical to come off shift at 2100 hours, and then attend training at 2100 hours, if you have to hobble your lame ass from the deck to your bunk, in and out of the head, changing into a flight suit, and hobble here." As Khloe talks, she comes out from behild the console, so she's standing near the stack of books. Actually, she leans and plants a hip against the desk, resting her elbow atop the impressive book stack. "What's Lieutenant Duncan assigned you to read, then? I'm curious." She asks, tone a shade on the droll side.
"Aye aye, sir," Shiner affirms, briefly pulling a face. "Uh… he said to get a book on the Viper and learn all the bits, sir. So I've started on that." He unslings his bag from his shoulder, beginning to dig in it. "I can show you if you don't believe me."
Wade crosses his arms over his chest, listening to what Khloe asked Shiner. His attention moves to Shiner and finally nods in acceptance, it is true indeed; Wade asked Mr. Wright to get books on the Mark VII so he can at least know what he is looking at when sitting in the cockpit and outside of it. Regardless, it's Khloe's show right now, so he stays in silence unless something is asked. Or unless he has a comment to make, but so far, nothing.
Khloe's usual stoic scowl deeps a bit. "Mr. Wright, I'm fairly certain I could tell, one way or another, if you were lying. One thing you'll have to get through that skull of yours is that officers trust other officers. If we deceive one another, there's no trust. There's no dependence, no reliance. I believe you." Her eyes stray, glancing over towards Wade; even if she doesn't smile, there's a slight narrowing of her eyes that suggests a grin. Then, they peer into the apprentice's impressive junk bag. "Learning a Viper's components through a deckhand's perspective, then?"
Shiner has impressive junk, presumably. "It's easier to learn from the real thing, sir," he admits with a shrug, shoving the book back away again. "Having a guy tell you what's what makes it stick way easier than books and stuff." He glances to Wade, adding defensively, "But I totally got the books, too, sir! So you can totally trust me and everything."
"You can do both, Mr. Wright. Like we spoke before…it is ok to ask others, but you also need to /read/. Just asking makes people think that you are not interested in making a real effort. Now, I know you are, you have told me that. So why don't you show that by hitting the books?" While it sounds like a question, that's an order. "Captain Vakos is right, Mr. Wright. Trust is needed in a Squadron, if there is no trust, there is no stability." He clears his throat at this and now shows a smirk to him "I guess a visit to the doctor to ask on your progress shall do it" He looks at Khloe now, and offers a polite nod to her. That can be also traced as a smile.
Khloe folds her arms across her chest, watching the exchange. Then, a question to Shiner, changing the trajectory of the conversation: "Tell me, Mr. Wright, what is the most important component of a Viper Mk. VII? In your opinion."
Shiner opens his mouth to reply, then closes it again, frowning in thought. He starts as though to answer once more, then hesitates again, shaking his head. Finally, he hazards, "Uh… the fuel injection?"
Wade goes silent again, crossing his arms over his chest as he waits to hear Shiner's response to that question. He takes a deep breath and simply looks at him, completely neutral expression. There's people that would actually argue on what's the most important component. After hearing his answer, he doesn't tilt his head to look at Khloe, instead, he looks at his helmet and then back at Shiner.
"Wrong. The pilot," Khloe corrects, her eyes traveling over to the sim pods, no doubt seeing Vipers in her mind. "Your Viper is just a tool, like a wrench, or a spot welder. If used by someone unskilled, it's just a blunt object. And while I have seen more than one deckhand use tools as blunt force objects during repairs, the application of that blunt force is what's important. The choice, the skill behind the impact. Do you understand what I'm saying, Mr. Wright?"
"I… shouldn't hit things with a wrench?" Shiner attempts, squinting at her. "I was going to say pilot, too," he adds under his breath.
Wade now looks at Khloe again after she provides the correct answer, there is a very faint, almost unnoticeable smile. He nods to her words and then moves his attention to Shiner again "Understand that Mr. Wright, it is not up to the Viper…it is up to the Pilot. The sooner you understand that, the sooner you'll see how hard you'll have to work to get your wings"
"Mr. Wright, try not to fall over on yourself this time. Atten-SHUN!" Khloe barks in an authoritative command voice, pushing off the table with her hip and letting her arms fall to either side. She's standing at her full height, back ram-rod straight. "If you're not going to take this training seriously, then I'm not going to waste my frakking time on you." It looks like she's going to stalk straight up to him, but something like a memory crosses her face, and she thinks better of repeating what happened a few weeks ago. Instead, she keeps her distance. "Let's try this again. What is the most important component of a Viper Mk. VII, and why? Use your frakking brain, Nugget!"
Shiner sets his jaw, straightening immediately. "I am, sir!" he calls out clearly. "Because the aircraft is just a tool, sir, and it's what you do with it that counts, sir!" In case he hadn't got his point across completely, a grin threatening at his features, he adds, "It's not the size of the boat, it's the motion of the ocean, sir."
Wade stands straight again, adopting a good 'attention' stance. He knows it's directed to Shiner, but perhaps this will help the kid understand that these things are to be taken seriously. It seems that Wade is satisfied with the reply that Shiner provided. As for the last piece? That can be taken in different ways, no comments on his side.
For the briefest of moments, Khloe gets a look of satisfaction on her face. It is chased away by Shiner's juvenile innuendo. "Close enough," she mutters, shaking her head. She half-turns to point at the stack of manuals nearby. "Add that to your reading material, Nugget. Basic flight, instruction on every indicator and piece of equipment in your Viper, and basic conduct as a Midshipman." She looks back at him, scowling. "If you're not attending your duties on the deck, and you're not attending regularly scheduled basic flight exercises here, you're to be reading. And if there's something you don't understand, write it down, and bring it to either Lieutenant Duncan or myself. Understood?"
"What, all of it, sir?" Shiner asks in disbelief. "All at once, sir? I'll be /months/ getting through all that, and that's if I don't sleep or eat or stop to take a shit, sir!"
"Mr. Wright!" snaps Wade now "You were given an order. Reading books it's not…and advice, it's an /order/ so if you want to be a Viper pilot and an Officer of the Fleet, you will get those damn books and /read/ them. Am I making myself clear?" Yeah, Wade has done…well….bad things, in the past. But that doesn't mean he doesn't know how things need to be done. Oh yes, he does know.
"Ask Ensign Devlin how long it took him to go from Nugget to Ensign," Khloe offers to Shiner, gray-blue eyes flitting over to Wade as he interjects on her behalf. "He's not particularly smart, but he's hard-working. He made his wings in about four months. Less, maybe. And he's a pretty boy." There's a hint of distaste in Khloe's words, and she curls her lip a little bit. "But Decoy is one of our top new pilots, because he put in his full effort and learned everything, quick. It takes about three months to get through those basic instructional manuals. So you better get started."
Shiner pulls a face, but nonetheless reaches for the books to stuff them into his bag. "Yes, sir," he agrees, with somewhat less enthusiasm that one might hope. "Which one's most important, sir? Where do I start with these? I'm… uh… not a great reader, is all."
"Split your free time, separate the topics. Reading a group on certain days, and another group on a different set of days can also help." says Wade, clearing his throat after that "The Officer piece is less extensive, however it is very important as well, keep it in mind." Now he nods and finishes with "Still, you will have to do the reading" Now, he looks at Khloe, listening to what she might say.
Khloe gives a dry chuckle. "Do you think I'm any smarter than you, Mr. Shiner?" This is her form of reassurance. "I grew up in a welfare community on Canceron, for families that used to be indentured miners. I spent my youth vandalizing property and snorting, popping, or injecting anything I could get my hands on. I was not an ideal officer candidate, Mr. Shiner. But what I lacked in smarts, I got by in dedication. If you want this… really want this, you'll find a way to make it happen, and be good at it." With that, she leans over to the master console and switches off whatever she was working on earlier.
"I'll read every frakking book on this ship, sir, if you want me to," Shiner assures her, chin lifting. "I'm just saying if it takes a while, then it takes a while. I want to fly, sir, and that's that. So you can stop questioning it. Sir."
Wade eyes the exit once again, then at his helmet and then at what Khloe is doing. His attention is finally placed back on Shiner before he says "Good, then make it happen" With that said, he nods and clears his throat "I'll make sure to stop by the Doctor's office, to check if you are attending the checkups and to see how your healing process is evolving. I suggest you find Decoy or myself at the gym, we can help you recover the strength of your legs." This is said mainly because either Decoy, or Drips, spend a good deal of time at the gym.
Khloe nods sharply to Shiner. "That's the attitude I expect. Good hunting, Mr. Shiner, and happy reading." With that, the Captain turns to leave the simulations area.
Shiner steps aside to let her pass, surreptitiously ogling her rear end as she walks away, appraising it with a faint tilt of his head and a vaguely impressed expression.
Wade just arches one eyebrow as he sees at Shiner looking at the Captain's ass apparently. He shakes his head at this "Do yourself a favor, Mr. Wright. Control yourself before a woman knocks your teeth out." This is said, after Khloe left. There is a brief smile of amusement there and then he offers "I have CAP, gotta get ready." With that said, he takes his helmet, turns around and offers to the younger man "Clear eyes and steady hands, Mr. Wright. Now go do some reading" With that, he turns around and leaves as well.
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44400 | Barcelona Computing Week 2013 Sponsors
Funding and support for this Summer School, including students grants, computing resources and technical expertise, is provided by the following: Barcelona Supercomputing Center, NVIDIA Corporation, HiPEAC Network of Excellence, University of Illinois, Universitat Politecnica de Catalunya, the PRACE Advanced Training Centre, the Spanish Supercomputing Network (RES-MINECO), the Scientific Computing & Modelling NV Corporation, GMV Aerospace and Defence and CST – Computer Simulation Technology AG, HAL Machine Learning.
We are very thankful for their support and contributions!
If you want to sponsor this Summer School, please read about sponsoring.
sponsors.txt · Last modified: 2013/10/28 15:12 by nacho
Drupal Garland Theme for Dokuwiki |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44412 | Friday, June 1, 2012
Sound wall deflects sound, not vehicles
1. This comment has been removed by the author.
2. You might be surprised at how much of a city's infrastructure is designed to deform rather than withstand punishment. A structure that deforms absorbs more of the impact, leaving people less likely to be injured or killed.
Street lamps and signs are also designed to break off and/or deform rather than withstand abuse. I'd much rather crash into a street lamp than a tree! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44417 | Daily Archives: July 10, 2013
Rain Forestation Nature Park
9390501463_0f65e2e86f_cThis begins a 20+ day blog catchup and recap of my time in Australia. No doubt the recap will have more photos than words. 🙂
The first day we went to the Rain Forestation Nature Park in Kuranda. Link is here. There were kangaroos and koalas (I got to hold one!) and crocodiles (oh my!). There was a WWII amphibious duck (DUKW) boat which toured the tropical rainforest and the plunged into a lake. It seems like everything the guides pointed out could kill you, including the plants! |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44428 | Sunday, June 26, 2011
How to Branch Strategically ?
Branching is a fundamental part of version control systems. If you're working on any good sized project this is a feature you'll eventually come to depend on to enable simultaneous development of different features.
If you branch strategically, you can maintain the order and consistency of multiple versions of your software. In this article your will learn the best practices for adopting branching in your project regardless of the source control system you rely on.
When you work with a version control system, you must consider how to set up a branch structure. You can create a branch by mirroring the source code file. Then you can change the branch without affecting the source. For example, as the branch structure in the following illustration shows, the MAIN branch contains completed functionality that has passed integration tests, and the DEVELOPMENT branch contains the code that is under construction. When a new functionality in the DEVELOPMENT branch is completed and can pass integration tests, you can promote the code from the DEVELOPMENT branch to the MAIN branch. This process is referred to as reverse integration. Conversely, if you merge the code from the MAIN branch to the DEVELOPMENT branch, the process is referred to as forward integration.
Main Branch
Branching and merging entail the following principles:
1. Each branch must have a defined policy about how to integrate code into this branch. For example, in the branch structure of the previous illustration, you can assign a team member to own and manage the MAIN branch. This member is responsible for performing the initial branch operation, reverse integrating changes from the DEVELOPMENT branch to the MAIN branch, and forward integrating changes from the MAIN branch to the DEVELOPMENT branch. Forward integration is important when the MAIN branch also integrates changes from other branches.
2. The MAIN branch must contain code that has passed integration tests so that it is always ready for a release.
3. The DEVELOPMENT (or work) branch constantly evolves because team members check in changes periodically.
4. Labels are snapshots of the files in a branch at a specific time.
How often should your team reverse integrate and forward integrate?
As shown in the following illustration, reverse integration and forward integration should occur at least when you complete a user story. Although each team might define completeness differently, completion of a user story generally means that you complete both the functionality and the corresponding unit tests. You can reverse integrate to the MAIN branch only after unit tests have verified the stability of the DEVELOPMENT branch.
Branch across two sprints
If you have more than one work (DEVELOPMENT) branch, forward integration to all work branches should occur as soon as any branch integrates into the MAIN branch. Because the MAIN branch is kept stable, forward integration is safe. Conflicts or failures at the work branches might occur because you cannot guarantee that the work branches are stable.
It is important that you resolve all conflicts as soon as possible. By using a gated check-in for the MAIN branch, you help make the reverse integration much easier because quality gates help avoid conflicts or errors in the MAIN branch.
As the following illustration shows, you can check in changes to a work branch periodically to complete a user story. You can implement multiple user stories in the same branch at the same time. However, you can reverse integrate to the MAIN branch only when you complete all the in-progress work. It is recommended that you group user stories by similar size because you do not want a large user story to block the integration of many small ones. You can split the two sets of user stories into two branches.
Check-in Completes User story
You should create branches in the following situations:
• When you must release code on a different schedule/cycle than the existing branches.
• When your code requires a different branch policy. If you create a new branch that has the new policy, you can add strategic value to your project.
• When functionality is released to a customer and your team plans to make changes that do not affect the planned release cycle.
You should not create a branching for each user story because it creates a high integration cost. The overhead of managing branches can become significant if you have many branches.
Your team should be able to release code at the end of any sprint. By using Team Foundation Server, you can label a branch to take a snapshot of the code at a specific point in time. As the following illustration shows, you can label the MAIN branch for a release. This lets you return the branch to its state at this point.
Label a branch to take a snapshot of the code
Because you must implement updates on releases, creating a branch for a release helps your team continue to work independently on the next sprint without creating conflicts with future releases. The following illustration shows a branch that contains code for an update and that is reverse integrated into the MAIN branch after a release at the end of the second sprint.
Reverse integrate a branch that contains update
When you create a branch for a release, you should create that branch from the MAIN branch, which is the most stable. If you branch for release from a work branch, it can cause integration challenges because the stability of work branches is not guaranteed.
Source: link
No comments:
Post a Comment |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44431 | New map features in our Android guides
We've just uploaded three new guides (Warsaw, Vienna and Belfast) and updated our Amsterdam guide.
The main new feature is that our maps now use tiles, load faster and are easier to navigate. The tiles we use are based on the Open Street Map, and we use Cloudmade to skin the map so it looks good.
If these four guides don't produce any unexpected crashes, and get good feedback from users, we will update all guides the coming days. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44439 | The word of God
October 26th, 2010
There is much internal evidence that the Bible is the very word of God. High up on the list of reasons, is that it says about man what man will not say about himself. Book after book has been written about the evil in other men, but try to find a book written that proclaims and condemns not only the evil in others, but also the evil in the writer’s heart, and you will look until you stumble upon the word of God. Untold books have been written by men on the evils of Hitler, but no books outside the word of God have been written that decry the Hitler in each of us. Men were inspired to write what God said of all mankind, about what resides in each of our hearts, AND not only that they wrote about what He was going to do about it! In the first place, you will not find a book written by man that condemns himself, but even further than that you will not find a book that offers hope in such a situation.
What man of his own imagination has written such things as follow about those including himself?
Unlike the Hitler chronicles, these things do not point to a problem or problems only in another, but rather they leave ALL of US (mankind) under condemnation for sin. That in and of itself would be enough to separate this book from the books of men, but the unsurpassed beauty of it is that though it brings condemnation upon all mankind, it doesn’t leave us there! Having begun the condemnation with Romans 5:18 above, let’s continue with the end of it ….even so by the righteousness of one the free gift came upon all men unto justification of life. We are condemned, yes, but there is a free gift that brings us out of this condemnation to be given those who do nothing but receive it.
Imagine that, each of us heinous criminals the like of Hitler, pardoned not by some act or deed of charity done by ourselves, but by faith in the work of another; and this in a world that demands justice. This couldn’t have been a production of man, it simply has to be heaven-sent!
Prov 20:6 Most men will proclaim ever one his own goodness: but a faithful man who can find?
The irreverence of the heart
October 14th, 2010
The heart of man is naturally self-exalting, and spawned by this is a natural irreverence with regards to God. The heart (not necessarily the lips) of all men shouts ‘we will not have this man to reign over us’, when confronted with the Lord Jesus Christ. Lest those of you who are children of God think this only to be a condition of the lost, I must ask whence cometh your sin? Why do you still sin? I do. I hate it, but I still do, and there is no getting over that fact. So where does it come from?
The commandments are written in a particular order such that all the commandments spring forth from the first which states ‘Thou shalt have no other gods before me.’ NO other gods, means that all glory, honour and respect is to be given to God, and not just any god that we have made up in our minds, but rather God as He has revealed Himself in the Bible. He and He alone being God simply must have the pre-eminence. Ever since just before the fall was accomplished in deed, man has the spiritual conflict with this. Our evil hearts are so prone to believe that which came forth of the mouth of the serpent, ‘Yea hath God said?’, ‘Ye shall not surely die’, ‘Ye shall be as gods’, that we do so at the expense of the honour which is due to God.
At the very root of who we are we treat God irreverently by doubting Him, by trusting to ourselves, by exalting our thoughts and imaginations against Him, in essence, by ignoring His power and authority, and doing that which is right in our own eyes. Like the citizens in Luke 19, We will not have ‘this man to reign over us’ not just any man, but ‘this man’ God incarnate, the Lord Jesus Christ.
This is the root of all sin. In this both the believer and unbeliever are identical, we both have an ever-present irreverence towards God waiting to spring forth in the next available opportunity. What the believer has, that the unbeliever does not have, is the power of the Son of God continually working through the Spirit of God to subdue this irreverence in their hearts. Though I often see in my own heart that the things of God are taken much lighter than they ought to be (and mourn that this be the case), I am thankful that the natural irreverence of my heart has a power working against it from outside of me to bring forth that which brings honour and glory to God, while at the same time continually subduing my natural irreverence. Seeing this battle gives me a real sense of who I really am and my ever present need of a Saviour, so that for the glory of God I can say with John the Baptist, ‘He must increase, but I must decrease’.
Man without a present knowledge of God naturally lifts himself at the expense of God, whereas upon a meeting with God in the person of the Lord Jesus Christ (regular meetings of this type are the essence and lifeblood of a Christian), man is humbled to see himself as he actually is. ‘Most men will proclaim every one his own goodness: but a faithful man who can find?’ Prov 20:6 Man in his natural condition wants to take the place of importance through his own professed and proclaimed goodness, however through many means God continually reminds us that the place of importance belongs to Him alone. There can only ever be room for one God!
Keep an eye out for the irreverence in your heart, because whether you see it or not it is there. There are two sights we really need on a regular basis, 1) a sight of who we are 2) a sight of Christ on our behalf. Though the first is an unpleasant sight, seeing it is a good sign, it causes us to look for the second sight without which we will be left to the demise brought about by our own condition. Have you ever looked for a medicine for a sickness you didn’t believe you had?
Mal 1:6 ‘where is mine honour? …saith the Lord of hosts unto you’
The days of Lot
August 9th, 2010
As we see sin abounding around us, we are reminded that as it was in the days of Lot, or as it was in the days of Noah, so it shall be in the days of the coming of the Son of man. You might have heard much about particular prevailing sins of those days, but what may not be pointed out is that one of the features of those days was the lack of fellowship that either Noah or Lot were able to have with other children of God. Both were entirely alone in their immediate environments. Sure Abraham was alive, but he was not where Lot was. Sure Noah had his family, but even his own son Ham turned out to be an enemy of God. The point is, that in the days of Lot and Noah though places of community worship may have been full, they will not have been full of those who trusted God; and as a Christian in these times you must expect the same. Churches could possibly be full, but for prophecy to be true, they simply cannot be full of Christians! Going even further than that, we are obliged to question if there can even be any Christians left in the churches these days? Those who are Christians may well have all been marginalized out by now! At the very least, fellowship with significant quantities of other believers just will not be available and should not be expected, therefore Christians today are left with finding all of their sustenance in Christ alone, which far from being a bad thing, is the way it has been in generations such as this that have come before us. Noah had his family, and that was it; Lot had his family, and that was it; but even in his family his wife was apostate, and his daughters conceived wicked devices. This was all the godly human fellowship that each of these men had, which amounted to very little. This little human fellowship is what turned each of these men back to seeking out only in the person of Christ, that which will sustain their souls. If we are not experiencing it now, this is what we are to expect to come as the days of Lot and the days of Noah come upon us to the full.
Noah was a relatively unheard preacher of righteousness (2 Pet 2:5); and though carnal with little testimony against sin, Lot was vexed by it (2 Pet 2:8). Neither of these men were well heard nor loved by their generations. Lot did what he could to compromise and paid dearly for it, but even that gained him no fellowship. Neither of these men were loved as famous preachers, both were despised by the multitudes simply because they were children of God. How then do we think we ought to have famous, beloved and well-heard preachers in our day? There might be some generally unknown preachers who are men after God’s own heart out there, but to become famous and beloved in days like unto the days of Noah or Lot one simply cannot preach that which is true. ‘Big name’ preachers of today will have gotten their ‘big names’ by compromise and falsehood.
‘Big names’ have big budgets, and big budgets require big support from men. Neither Noah nor lot had this ‘big support’ because men did not support what they were doing, men condemned it. To have big support to acquire the big budget needed to garner the big name one must be a big ear tickler. Ear ticklers will be popular at this time, but because men are different, there must be different brands of ear ticklers to capture the range of belief systems through the whole spectrum of the seven churches in Revelation. There will be ear ticklers that appeal to Ephesus, Pergamos, Thyatira, Sardis and Laodicea, but through it all we are to remember that this is the way it was prophesied to be, and therefore it can be no other way.
These things may concern us but they ought not distress us, they should simply remind us that the coming of the Lord draweth nigh. When you look around and see the evil and wickedness abounding both in and out of the church, know these things: 1) Sin defiles and must ultimately bring this present evil world to its rightful evil end, 2) There is a victory which is found in Jesus Christ alone.
The sting of sin (Part II)
July 11th, 2010
The sting of sin for the unsaved really only amounts to a fear of future loss or retribution of some kind or what next, for them there is little fear of present loss associated with sin. At most some will wonder why it is that things seem to be going not so well with them, but for many because sin is delicious to the flesh while being perpetrated, they will simply relish in their sin until their very last days, with little regard to it or its consequences.
For the saved the sting of sin is entirely another matter. The sting of death for the saved has been removed, but the sting of sin still remains. For these future loss or retribution is not so important as present loss of things with eternal value. The sting of sin impedes fellowship with God, it barters discontentment for contentment, it barters sorrow for joy, it barters despair for hope, it barters anxiety for peace, it barters anguish of soul for assurance; in short it wages war against all that is counted valuable to the Christian. A read through the penitential psalms (6, 32, 38, 51, 102, 130, 143) gives evidence to all this. The wicked tend to go around with the idea of how good they are, commending themselves or at least expecting commendation of themselves from others, whereas like David the Christian with a true sight of himself has the best understanding of what he really is, and were it not for the redeeming work of Christ, and the residence of the Holy Spirit in him, there would be nothing of righteousness for him to hold on to. But as all the penitential psalms begin with self condemnation and judgment of self, so they end with pardon received.
Do Christians sin? Yes. But they find no present joy in it, and all that is eternally valuable is attacked, this is the sting of sin for them. It is recognized that all mankind sins and is under the present judgment of sin, however the sin which is the greatest travesty to the Christian is not another’s, but his own. He knows he will die because of it, but that causes him little consternation; the great sting of sin for him is not then what or what next, but what now? He has found this greatest of ailments within himself and gone to the Saviour for the balm of Gilead thus removing the future retribution, but what does he do with his sin now? There is a present sanctification where he puts it away in the power of the blood, but this sanctification is partial at best, and that which remains is still grievous to him. It is that inborn sin nature which he retains and which cannot be gotten rid of until the body dies that causes him such grief. He longs for perfection but cannot find it in himself. THIS is that very thing which throws him back upon Christ, where that sting which was meant to sting has its salve as well!
Sin with its sting and its sting being so grievous, the Lord has provided a balm for sting of sin for the Christian while they remain on earth. We look beyond this present evil unto the better day which is coming, a day where we will be glorified and without sin for eternity. We can look forward with anticipation to the day when we will be not only with Christ but like Christ, having finally and entirely put off the former things of this world. As the Son of God so beautifully put it in Isaiah, ‘Look unto me, and be ye saved, all the ends of the earth: for I am God, and there is none else.’
The sting of sin
July 8th, 2010
The wrath of the Lamb
June 12th, 2010
Strange thing that, “the wrath of the Lamb”. One does not come to expect wrath from a Lamb, yet here it is that very thing which is proclaimed. Wrath has often been connected with God (as in the Father), but seldom connected with the Lamb of God (as in the Son), but the Bible tells us plainly there is a time coming in which ‘the great day of his wrath is come.’ This day will be the day of the wrath of the Son of God. What are the characteristics of this wrath? Unlike the wrath of man, which can often find itself putting forth as much violence as possible, the wrath of God on the earth is always tempered with mercy. For if God were to unleash the full force of His violence, none could stand, but we still hear of men standing in that time, so we must understand this wrath to be tempered with mercy.
What is the purpose of this mercy? First we have to understand the purpose of this wrath. It is not intended to be a destructive wrath, but rather a sifting wrath, reserved for those yet to trust in the risen Christ. They are not yet saved but need to be sifted unto salvation! Sifting of itself is somewhat of a violent process, there is an external mechanism which exerts a force on powdered flour such that the finest of flour individually falls through. No lumps of flour fall through and no other impurities fall through, because the sifting mechanism only allows that which is as fine as flour to pass through. Each particle is rubbed vigorously against another and grated, breaking it down such that it can be made to fall through the sifter. In this same way, mankind will be sifted through the wrath of the Lamb and rescued by the wrath of man, such that the finest of flour will come through.
This time of the wrath of the Lamb is the great sifting of that flour which is left behind. Many new believers will be sifted out of that time period, but none will enter it. Sifting is a process reserved for lumpy flour not yet ready for its final use, and need not be used on that which is fresh. In other words, the wrath of the Lamb is not meant to be for those who are already saved, because he ‘hath not appointed us to wrath’ (1 The 5:9), but rather it is reserved for those who are still His enemies (Nah 1:2). Therefore the fresh flour will be raptured, and the lumpy flour (that not yet made fit for its intended use) will be left behind for its sifting. The Lord knoweth them that are His, and He knows those who are left behind that will be sifted unto His own. He knows these will be delivered unto Him by the wrath of man, such that they through this sifting, will be made meet for the master’s use.
This will be a period of wrath, nevertheless it will be the wrath of the “Lamb” which came to redeem those who were His enemies, making it also a redeeming wrath. His way of redemption is still in effect, He still saves “by grace through faith” such that those that are His from the foundation of the world will not be lost, but will be redeemed. If you happen to find yourself in this time know this: The Lamb that was slain also from the foundation of the world, the Lord Jesus Christ the crucified and risen Saviour, still saves all who come to Him by faith. When you trust Him, you will find yourself subject to the wrath of man whereby you will be delivered from this present evil world, but you shall be saved!
As we watch the world seemingly coming apart at the seams we ought to expect that the wrath of the Lamb is not far off, but as we sorrow over many of the lost, it does us good to remember that though it is wrath, it is the sifting, redeeming wrath of the Lamb which came to seek and to save that which was lost!
The Light of the world
March 29th, 2010
Jesus Christ is the Light of the world, and in Him is no darkness. He is the only light of the world, and not only of this world but the world to come as well. What need is there of this Light? Light is the opposite of darkness, and sin is commensurate with darkness, therefore light is the opposite of sin. This light is His holiness and perfection which He shines forth to all men. Some are drawn to it, others prefer the darkness and hide from it. In this world, this Light is that which exposes who we really are, and why we really need a Saviour. In the world to come this Light forever shines forth His perfection unto all who have trusted Him.
The sins, sorrows, pressures of this world are darkness, but once let Christ shine His light upon them and they will flee. With no night and His light being ever-present in the world to come, it means that these things will never enter. What a pleasant thought, the things that trouble the Christian now will never enter the world to come. He will have left them to go to another place reserved for him, in the full light and presence of Christ.
These troubles though do not disappear, but rather are stored up for those who have rejected the Light, and preferred the darkness and all that it offers. They will have their wish, but moments into eternity, their wishes will change. They will lament the Light rejected, they will lament the darkness they preferred, yet it will be the very darkness they preferred that torments them.
It is the Light that concerns us though, for the Light is that which gives life, and that which we have cast all our hopes upon. Without this Light we would be destined to walk in darkness all of our days, but because this Light lighteth the way around us, we can see. This sight, both of the Light and the things which the Light lighteth is what gives us hope for today, but especially our hope of the tomorrow of eternity. Have you noticed this Light lighting your way? He has done so for you to recognize the difference between light and darkness, that you may prefer Him, the Light of life. Trust Him today!
I look forward to, and long for the day when the Lamb is the light of the city.
Rev 21:23, John 1:9 And the city had no need of the sun, neither of the moon, to shine in it: for the glory of God did lighten it, and the Lamb is the light thereof.That was the true Light, which lighteth every man that cometh into the world.
The definition of repentance
March 2nd, 2010
A great deal is said these days about repentance, but when we read verses like Luke 13:3 etc and see that it is so crucial, what exactly is it? It has been around since the beginning of time and is not something new, there are others before us who have dealt faithfully with this word. A perfectly fitting example is H.A. Ironside in his excellent book “Except ye Repent”
Here are a few quotes:
“Repentance is the recognition, the avowed recognition, of God’s estimate of the hopeless character of our hearts till renewed by the Word and Spirit of God. Until one comes to this place there is no further word from heaven for any man, except the sentence of doom.
“Repentance is the sinner’s recognition of and acknowledgment of his lost estate and, thus, of his need of grace.”
Though able to change our minds, or attitudes towards ourselves, by nature we simply do not want to. We are commanded to do something for which it is not possible for us to want to do. This is why the work of the Holy Spirit is required to bring everyone who comes, to repentance. We must have a glimpse of perfection with which to compare ourselves before we will ever look at ourselves as we ought to. It is the work of the Spirit of God to give us that glimpse such that we can see our broken and undone condition. Upon seeing that we are to proclaim with Job, “behold, I am vile”, which is the result of seeing yourself next to the perfection of God. It is not a view that I was vile as is often proclaimed, but that I am vile. It is a present sense of who you really are that is repentance.
Men would fancy that you have to do this, or turn from this or some other such thing, but in reality that is just part of the charade of painting the sepulchre. Until you recognize and fully own the fact that you are plainly without hope in yourself, there can never be hope. You see, repentance is really just the recognition of who we really are, and what strength we have in ourselves to do about it, to which the answer to both is simply “nothing”, and can only be seen when compared to one who is everything. That is why we need a glimpse of Christ. That is what the Holy Spirit gives us. That is what gives us repentance, or a change of mind about who we really are. That is when we are in position to have the salve of the blood of Christ applied to our wounds. That is what causes us to believe on Christ. That is how we are brought into saving faith. That is the repentance that leads to salvation. It is that which, if missing, is what causes us to perish eternally as stated in Luke 13:3.
If this is not present in yourself, ask the Spirit of God to give you a true sight of yourself and sight of the perfection which is found in Christ Jesus, and trust Him to impute His righteousness to you by faith. He was made to be what we are, so that we could be made to be what He is!
The day of adversity
February 9th, 2010
There is a day of adversity that comes to all, it is a tester of strength, or a revealer of weakness, and is given to us “that man should find nothing after him”. Let me explain.
The Christian is a sojourner, a foreigner, a stranger, to this world, and because this world is not meant to be his home, there will be adversity in it for him. He is opposed to this world and it is opposed to him, and with this opposition comes adversity. He is not alone in feeling the sting of adversity, for there are varying amounts of adversity reserved for everyone. The reaction to adversity is what is different and sets apart not only the Christian from the world, but also defines the strength of the Christian.
When adversity comes upon a wicked man, he is never willingly subject to it, but rails against it as though adversity were never meant to be for him (Psa 10:6). In his adversity, he is like a bell struck by a stick, ever sounding off about this thing that destroys his comfort. Because it is comfort, not Christ that they seek, it is far from the wicked to say with Job, “The Lord gave, and the Lord hath taken away; blessed be the name of the Lord.” He cries out in time of prosperity that he will never be in adversity, and does all that he can to prevent it, thereby becoming even friendlier with this present world. For this reason, the wicked find themselves with less adversity to this world, and more comfort from it, with few ever realizing that it was this very adversity they despised which was being used to cause them to look up to the God of heaven (Eccl 7:14). Most oppose their day of adversity with all their might, and though stayed for a moment, their ultimate day of adversity comes in the full after this world is over; it may tarry, but nevertheless the day of adversity does eventually come to each in all its fullness.
The Christian however, reacts differently in the day of adversity. Rather than ringing like a sounding bell, they are more like a burlap sack when struck with adversity, they yield to it, and make little sound about it, thereby revealing the strength of their union with Christ. They know that this world is not their home, and that they are ‘just a passing through’, therefore their sights are set on higher things than their own present personal comfort. It is this that allows them to say with Job when all comfort is removed, “What? Shall we receive good at the hand of God, and shall we not receive evil?” Adversity is one of the instruments of God that He use for the building of faith and character. In some cases adversity is used to tear down a false faith, and in other cases it is used to build up faith on the foundation of Christ. In any case, the day of adversity in this world is temporary and has rest from it (Psa 94:13), for God mixes adversity with prosperity in just the right measure for our good.
The Lord has redeemed the soul of the Christian out of all adversity (2 Sam 4:9), the same of which cannot be said of the wicked, yet in this world there must come a faith-building adversity to the flesh for the good of all mankind. Some seek comfort in the world from it, and others are drawn to Christ by it. Who will you be in your day of adversity? The one who faints (Prov 24:10)? Or the one who considers (Eccl 7:14)?
The death of the righteous
January 31st, 2010
Num 23:10 “….Let me die the death of the righteous , and let my last end be like his!”
None face death with a hope similar to the righteous. Nearly everyone in the world hopes to be counted among the righteous when they die, yet few make any moves to make that be the case. The Bible teaches that there are “none righteous, no not one” (Rom 3:10), yet it also teaches that there are some righteous who have a hope in death that none else can have (Prov 14:32). Whence cometh this righteousness to provide such hope?
The righteousness that justifies is a righteousness that is counted ours and appropriated by faith in the Lord Jesus Christ, yet some may be justified that may not have the hope in death that they would seek. So what righteousness does one have that gives them this hope? It is an assurance of righteousness imputed which is given by the Lord Jesus Christ to them that have walked with Him and love Him for His very person. These are not self-righteous people, but rather they are Christ-righteous, and have an assurance of such directly from Him. They not only have heard and believed the good news of a Saviour, but they have met Christ this side of heaven, and the meeting with Christ assures them of a future meeting with Him under pleasant circumstances.
The righteous that has hope in his death is him who has met Christ and actually walked with Him. He may have stumbled, he may have fell, but he has walked with the Lord such that he loves and trusts Him with all his heart. Many are like Lot, who yet saved, have not that which is called a deathbed hope. Why? Because they have never really taken the time to walk with Christ. It is in the walk where you learn to trust Him in ALL, and He in turn gives an assurance of imputed righteousness that cannot be taken away. It is this assurance which offers the deathbed hope.
The world will consider you weird, the world will consider you strange, the world will despise you because you are not like them. There is nothing you can do about that, it is just fact. What you can do is use the time when you are hated and despised to grow your walk with Christ even more.
The world has hated the righteous while they are here, yet it is hard to say anything bad about them when they are gone. Why? Because the life of the righteous has been a testimony to the power of Christ. Though none is perfect, one has to raise the standard of judgment so high to condemn the righteous, that they must in the same breath condemn themselves. This is one of the things that causes even the wicked to want to die the death of the righteous. They can say nothing against the righteous that does not also condemn themselves. They know the righteous have laid up in store, treasures in heaven, that cannot be removed. They know that they themselves have not laid up such treasure, and will regret it sometime in the future.
Another reason even the wicked want to die the death of the righteous is that peace that passeth all understanding that the wicked see the righteous have as they face death. The wicked face death in fear or apprehension (Heb 2:15), whereas the righteous face it with joy and hope (Prov 14:32, Phil 1:23). In the righteous, there is a willingness to depart and be with Christ which is far better, that the wicked know nothing about. It is not a dying without hope, it is a hope in death as one that sees across to the other side, just like crossing the river Jordan on the way to the promised land.
Prov 14:32 “…the righteous hath hope in his death.”
The only son of Abraham
January 18th, 2010
In the Bible are many what we would call contradictory statements, yet each can be fully harmonized as we properly consider what they mean. Take Isaac being referred to as the only son of Abraham for example. We know that Abraham had more than one son, and even that Ishmael was fathered by Abraham before Isaac. So in what sense is Isaac Abraham’s only son.
There are couple of senses, the first being that Isaac was a type of Christ, the only begotten son of God, and to properly typify this, Isaac also must be considered an only son. Knowing of other sons means that Isaac was not an only son by generation, but by the promise. Therefore, Isaac is also typical of the child of God, and as such receives the blessing simply because of the promise of God. As the receiver of the promise which was fathered in Abraham (Rom 4:11), Isaac was then given all that Abraham had (Gen 24:36). Sure Abraham gave gifts to his other children by generation (Gen 25:6), but the gifts were comparatively small in light of that which he had passed down to Isaac, which because it had eternal value was considered ALL (Gen 25:5).
In relation to the type of Christ, Abraham as father was willing to sacrifice his own son even though the covenantal promise of God must come through Isaac (Gen 17:19), thereby believing that God was able to raise him from the dead to fulfill the promise (Heb 11:19). The Lord in mercy took Abraham`s will for the deed and provided Himself a substitutionary sacrifice (Gen 22:12-13). In this the Lord showed that if even a man can be willing to put his own son on the altar, then may God not do much more on the behalf of men?
In relation to the type of the child of God, Isaac is considered an only son when the inheritance is passed out. Sure before the time of the inheritance the children received gifts, but these gifts were temporal, and had no eternal value. Likewise today, in a certain sense God is the Father of all mankind, for without his making us a living soul (Gen 2:7) none of us would live. In this he provides some basic gifts in varying measure to all mankind (yes even to those who hate Him), basic things such as food, water, air, etc. and even some special gifts like happiness, and personal safety; all of which are temporal in nature. They are gifts that can be used now, but are of no use in eternity. The child of God however takes the gifts and continues on to receive the promise by faith, thereby ensuring that when the eternal inheritance is passed out, they will receive ALL that the Father has to give. Being a child of the promise qualifies one to receive the only things of real lasting value. The gifts of earth are temporal, but the ‘ALL’ that is truly valuable that the Father has to give for eternity, is reserved for those who have become the children of God by faith.
It is in this sense Isaac who was considered an only son because of the promise of God, received ALL that his father had to give. It is in this sense that the Christian who though troubled in this world, becomes an heir of the promise in the next world through faith in the Son, and inherits ALL that the Father has to give for eternity!
The sin of Sodom
January 4th, 2010
There is a great deal of the sin of Sodom prevalent in this world of abundance. Many look at the grosser sins of Sodom as that which have defined Sodom, but in reality the sin of Sodom is that which few people may even consider to be sin.
1) Pride is an obvious one which though not often considered breaking a commandment, is that which caused the devil to fall. He was lifted up in his own imaginations and rebelled against his Creator. Pride is the overwhelming sin of the western world.
2) Fulness of bread, is one that few will consider sin, yet it is fullness of bread, or having as much to eat as one can desire that spurred on the lust of Sodom. “The poor man searches for meat for his belly, whereas the rich man searches for belly for his meat”, says a wise one. Many people are not eating to live, but rather living to eat. We have so much good food that we must try to find room in our stomach for it, what gluttony! As we come off the back end of this season of gluttony we know that this sin of Sodom abounds!
3) Abundance of idleness is another that few will consider sin. Having too much time and doing too little in it with regards to survival or eternity. Survival is relatively easy in this day of abundance, easy enough that people believe they have spare time on their hands. This is why people crave entertainment or hobbies, they see not a need for providing for their and another’s eternity. Sodom cared little about their own soul and for the souls of others, otherwise they would have found that they had not enough time for entertainment. Were the TV invented in the days of Sodom, I am sure it would have been listed. We as a nation have so little to do and so much to eat that fat farms and the like have become a booming business. 200 years ago it was all that people could do to keep the roof on their head, enough food in their stomach and provide for the care of souls. Today it is, where can I find the next thrill/vacation/adventure/pastime etc?
4) Failing to strengthen the hand of the poor and needy is another of the great sins that Sodom had, albeit a sin of omission this time. We like they, have an abundance of food and idle time, yet lust for more because we are lazy creatures that care little about the needs of others. The word of the day is let us eat drink and be merry while others perish for want of these things. Sodom had too much food, too much idle time and no desire to do anything with it other than satisfy their own lusts. They had little thought of the poor and needy, and even less action in helping them in their situations. Sound like anyone you know?
5) Haughtiness says, that even though this is so, it’s their problem. I have worked for what I have, and will use it to serve myself because I deserve it. Really? If you knew what you deserved, you wouldn’t be quite so haughty. That pride-induced high look down the nose isn’t fitting for one who thinks so much of themselves. If you can read this, you already have enough to help one who doesn’t. I invite you to come down off of that high horse, and do good to the souls of men, taking your place as a servant.
6) Committing abomination came naturally to Sodom, just as naturally as it comes to us. We defile the Lord’s day, we look for deals such that the labourer is robbed of his pay, we willingly partake in the evils of the world through entertainment, we lust and covet that which we ought not to, we worship and serve the creature more than the Creator. Yes, these abominations were prevalent in Sodom, and they are prevalent in us. Were we all to take an honest look at ourselves we would consider ourselves Sodomites indeed!
7) The end of the matter was that Sodom was destroyed for all this, and we know that ‘as it was in the days of Lot, so shall it be also in the days of the coming of the Son of man’. Yet we know from Lam 4:6 that which is coming upon the world will be worse than that which came upon Sodom, which, though they were destroyed by fire and brimstone from heaven, was bad enough. What then can become of us?
You say this particular thing you are doing isn’t considered ‘a sin’, whereas the fact of the matter is that even taking time to justify yourself in it is a sin, even your best efforts at prayer are sin if not sanctified by the blood of Christ. As a fallen creature you will attempt to justify yourself and your deeds before God, instead of acknowledging your sin. It is sin, all of it, that is why you need a Saviour, that is why I do as well. ‘For ALL have sinned and come short of the glory of God’.
Nevertheless, ‘Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners’. Acknowledge your sin, and your need of a Saviour, and trust Christ the Saviour of sinners today.
The sigh of the times
December 21st, 2009
We live in a world of mixture, and as stated in Ecclesiastes, each thing must come in its time. At present I believe it is a time to sigh. A sigh is very different thing, it can come about from both a yearning or weariness as well as relief. The sigh of the times for a Christian at this time will be a sigh of yearning or weariness. The Christian will have a yearning for the salvation of souls, and a weariness that so few will be found that seek Christ Himself. These desires for souls and for the glory of God will be so intense that all that may be accomplished in most cases is a sigh. Sure we may pray with words, we may speak with words, we may do what other good we can, but historically there repeatedly has come a time in the degeneration of each society that all a messenger of God can muster up is a sigh. I say that we indeed are experiencing the sigh of the times.
Yet it is times like this that the Lord will mark out them that are His. He will specifically “set a mark upon the foreheads of the men that sigh and that cry for all the abominations that be done in the midst thereof”. Why? Because the sigh of the heart in a Christian breaks forth from a longing for the things of God, much higher than words can express. It comes from the deepest of moving of the Spirit of God, and is that which has been referred to as praying in the Spirit. “the Spirit itself maketh intercession for us with groanings which cannot be uttered.” A sigh for souls and for the things of God is an expression of that close heart relationship that a Christian has with His Maker and Friend. None but God and others who sigh can see it, but a sigh of the heart is the mark which God has set upon His people.
A sigh of the heart is too low for pride which has not yet come to the end of self. A sigh of the heart is for those who have seen the majesty of God and have recognized their comparative littleness. A sigh of the heart before God and men reveals the humiliation of one who has nothing left to say on the matter. Sure there will be situations open for words, but as you long for souls who soundly reject Christ, all that may be left is the sigh of the times.
You may sigh In this time of room to room warfare for the souls of men just prior to the coming of the Lord, but fear not thou Christian, it is simply the sigh of the times.
The Sceptre of righteousness
December 10th, 2009
Upon the reading of Heb 1:8 (with reference to Numbers 24:17), we come to see that Christ is typified by ‘a sceptre of righteousness.’ A sceptre is symbolic of the power of a king, the kind of sceptre it is, is dependent on that which the king wants to represent himself. In the case of Christ it is righteousness.
As it was in Esther, the terms of peace with a king come when the king extends his sceptre to you as you approach him. To approach a king without these terms of peace means automatic death, yet there is an amount of uncertainty that the terms of peace will be granted until the approach is made. This is that which makes fear ‘the beginning of knowledge’. Yet as we see in Esther this fear is the beginning of knowledge, yet it is only the beginning of knowledge. The person has been enlightened enough to come to the king for a request or a favour, but they have not yet tasted whether or not the king is gracious, they have not yet come to terms of peace with the king.
Back to Esther. Vashti was beautiful and had everything going for her, except she had not made it to the beginning of right relationship to the king, which was a proper fear. She recognized no personal need to approach the king, therefore she had no desire to approach nor fear of approaching. Whereas to Esther a dire need was made known which magnified her fear, yet it was this same need that caused her to overcome her fear of approaching Ahasuerus. Vashti didn’t fear and didn’t come, whereas Esther feared but came anyway, and that fear was overcome. Which of the two then tasted that the king was gracious to them? Esther! Why? Because the sceptre and terms of peace associated with it was only extended to her. Did her fear of the king remain the same after she tasted that the king was gracious? No. It was changed, and made perfect in love.
Likewise when coming to the King, we approach with great need and conviction upon a knowledge of our own need of righteousness, which causes a fear of approaching a perfectly righteous God. To those who have come this way of being humbled by their own need of righteousness, the Sceptre of righteousness as the terms of peace is extended to them, all that is left is for them to reach up and touch it. Christ is that sceptre, He is the bridge of peace between God and man and it is His righteousness which is extended to man as the terms of peace between God and man.
To those who fear not God as Vashti feared not, this Sceptre and the terms of peace that come with it will be withheld, but to those who only fear God, I tell you that I have tasted that the Lord is gracious, and that He will extend His righteousness to you. Don’t stand before the throne in abject fear, but reach out by faith and touch Christ, who Himself is the ‘Sceptre of Righteousness’ extended to you, and have your fear made perfect in love.
The preaching of the Cross
November 29th, 2009
The power of God
November 18th, 2009
The sufficiency of Christ
November 8th, 2009
The command of assembly???
October 26th, 2009
This PRIVILEGE, though beautiful when it exists has not always existed.
Throughout history, the privilege of assembly of saints has been both granted and withdrawn from the Lord’s people, by the Lord Himself. This privilege has been both exercised and denied in places like Russian prison camps etc. Even the Russians learned that when the privilege of assembly was withdrawn, the Lord’s people grew stronger.
Many today treat this privilege of assembly as though it were the 11th commandment, and thereby give evidence that their life is in the church, not in Christ Himself. They treat it as though the attending of church fulfills a commandment of the law, and thereby attain some level of personal righteousness by it. Make no mistake people, just as it is a privilege and not a command, to fellowship with God through prayer; so to assemble with saints is a PRIVILEGE and not a COMMAND. What you need to be prepared for as we near the return of Christ is the withdrawal of this privilege, and all the more as we see it being withdrawn today. Those who make the privilege of assembly into a command, are merely doing their duty to turn the sheep back in toward the wolves. The wolves are in the pen!
When assembling is looked upon not as a privilege but as a command, you can know that the time is near for the coming of Christ. For having failed in the preventing of worship, Satan turns again to the commanding of worship as he did in the time of Nebuchadnezzar (Dan 3:4-6). At such time in the future, it will cost you your head NOT to assemble for worship (Rev 13:15). It will no longer be a privilege to assemble with brothers in Christ, but rather it will be a command to assemble for the worship of the beast. His horns will trimmed such that you cannot see them, his ugliness will be masked with beauty, he will be turned to a real fellowship kind of guy for just the purpose of receiving worship. This assembly will take place in churches, cathedrals, mosques; it will be facilitated by pastors, priests, imams; and will be all alike for the worship of the beast.
These things must be well set up before the removal of the saints through rapture, so that those who remain in the church will be easily beguiled into following their instructions. The table is set….
The overcoming of evil
October 13th, 2009
An interesting thing happened to me recently. There was a day when this verse was impressed upon me very strongly, and I couldn’t stop thinking about it. “Be not overcome of evil, but overcome evil with good.” Rom 12:21. And then it happened, I was overcome of evil, I said something I shouldn’t have said. How was this to happen when I was so ‘prepared’ beforehand?
The Lord often lets us fall, and that for many a reason. Sometimes it is to humble us, other times it is to remind us that all power to resist sin comes from Him, still other times it is that He can make His power and glory known. Whatever the reason behind this one was, it didn’t end in the first half of the verse. I was overcome of evil, but now what? I was left to overcome evil with good. Aside from, but part of, making peace with God in the matter, I must do what I could to undo what I had said. I must expose it for the evil it was and soundly renounce it to all parties involved. Pride would be overcome with humility, and in that way the evil could be overcome with good. To justify the speaking would have added to the evil, but to condemn the evil specifically when it is mine, overcomes the evil for good.
It is one thing to let the evil into the nest, it is another thing to let it get comfortable there, because it tends to invite friends. When an evil comes in to your nest, and it will come in, expose it and thrust it out with all power given to you under heaven.
Again I condemn the evil, both thought and spoken.
The modes of justification
October 4th, 2009
The Bible speaks of two modes of justification. The first is how we may be justified before God, which is solely by faith. God sees and knows EVERYTHING about us including our faith. He knows whether we trust Him or not, He knows whether we are His children or not, because He can see whether we trust that the blood of Christ has truly cleansed us from all iniquity, or whether we do not. It is this which justifies us before God and it is this justification before God which is spoken of In Romans 3:28 “…a man is justified by faith without the deeds of the law”, which simply means we are at peace with God, having our sins blotted out by faith in Christ.
The second mode of justification is that in which God is justified before men. Once saved, a Christian generally doesn’t leave this world, God has them stick around for a while, so by the things they do they can justify God to other men. Faith in Christ is to be accompanied by a change in men which is used of God to make Himself and His power known to other men. It is to cause men to inquire, “You were that, but now you are this, whence cometh this power to change?” To which the answer is, “To God be the glory, I have been washed by the blood of His Son.” This change is to produce the works referred to in James 2:28 “…I will shew thee my faith by my works”., for which one man shows another man of what substance his faith is, thereby justifying or making God real to his fellow man. God needs not see these things for a man to be justified before Him, however for the Christian to make God real to mankind, other men must see evidence of the work of God done in the hearts of those who profess Him.
There are masquerading fools in each case, some hanging fruit on a dead tree to give the appearance of life, and others who care not about life at all. The only one fooled in each case is the fool himself.
Christian, you are justified solely by faith apart from any work on your behalf, and you justify God before men by what you do with that faith.
James 2:18….I will shew thee my faith by my works.
The hope of the promise
September 28th, 2009
Unlike the promises offered by men or wealth, or fame, there is a real genuine hope offered by the promise of God. Being fully able to deliver that which He has promised, and being unable to go back on the promise, the promise of God is a surety of the highest sort. It is this that offers a hope like no other, a hope which cannot be extinguished. Do you have this hope?
It comes with believing God, and like Abraham ‘being fully persuaded that, what he had promised, he was able also to perform’. To believe the God who made the promise, and trust that He is able to perform it is the definition of faith! Do you have this faith?
God has written many things in His word, do you believe them? Do you trust them? Your hope will be in accordance with the measure of your belief and your trust. The doubter’s hope will perish, the truster’s hope will flourish. Take God at His word for this blessed hope which is found in Christ.
Here are some promises
Trust them, and you too will know ‘the hope of the promise made of God’ -Acts 26:6.
The occupation of man
September 5th, 2009
Man has one, and nought but one thing to be occupying himself with in this lifetime. He is to ‘prepare to meet thy God’, everything else is just noise and distraction. The problem is that the thought of this meeting can be very grievous to those who are not prepared.
This meeting happens in part in this lifetime, that is ‘now we see through a glass darkly; but then face to face’. God may meet us in the here and now, and give us a true sight of who we are, and why we need Him, yet a visual sight of His very person is not afforded to us in this present body. For that we must wait until we stand before Him with our resurrected bodies. The resurrected body, whether prepared for damnation or glorification is the only body that can stand before God in all His glory. Even then, to look upon Him will be as to stare directly into the sun, the sight will be too magnificent for our senses to receive, and will cause some of us to bow our heads for the overwhelming glory of it, and others will bow their heads for the overwhelming shame caused by it.
‘Prepare to meet thy God!’ Has there ever been a more valuable instruction given? For meet Him we must, there will be no getting out of it. The question that is to be settled is ‘Will we meet Him as friend or foe?’, that is the great question afforded to all of mankind. Some try to reason away His existence to clear their consciences of the fact of this great meeting, others tend to religion as a salve for the conscience, still others simply don’t care. Yet meet Him we all must! For every knee shall bow, and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord, to the glory of God the Father. Some will do it out of love towards Him, and others will do it out of the overwhelming knowledge of impending damnation for rejecting Him. Either way meet Him we must, and bow we must. Therefore the thought of this meeting should cause us to occupy ourselves in this lifetime with preparing to meet God in the next.
If your mind is occupied with the very person and work of Christ, you will find that to be good for preparation; to be occupied with anything else you will find does not help you when your time comes to meet Him.
What is it that has you occupied? The thought of meeting God, or is it something else?
Amos 4:12…prepare to meet thy God…
The discernment of saints (Part 2)
August 11th, 2009
1) The first thing to be used for the discerning of saints is heresies. Heresies are the friends of the saints, they are to help us know who are of us and who are not. Were there not abundant heresies out there it would be even more difficult determining who are brethren and who are not (1 Cor 11:19).
2) The next thing to be used for the discerning of saints is “What think ye of Christ?” Not so much in regards to heresies, but rather how does one think of Him personally. Some refer to Him as Master, which in every incident in scripture is a sign of unbelief in whole or in part. Those in this group often refer to themselves as slaves, and know not that “thy maker is thine husband.” Others play the harlot with their husband and have many lovers among the world, the flesh and the devil. Not so of the saint, who though they may fall through weakness of the flesh, yet they hate it and their love however feeble, is still for Christ alone. Christ is the Husband of His bride, and His bride will receive Him and love Him as such.
3) Another thing to be used for the discerning of saints is a humbling. Has the person been humbled? Note: It is not “are they humble?”, but rather “have they been humbled?” When one has been met by God, it leaves them humbled. When one has been humbled they talk not about their practical holiness, nor their value before God, they simply take the lowest place among men and leave any inviting to a higher place to Christ (Luke 14:8-11). Similar to Isaiah who declared “Woe is me! For I am undone; because I am a man of unclean lips, and I dwell in the midst of a people of unclean lips.” The reason he said this follows, “for mine eyes have seen the King, the Lord of hosts.” Or as Job states, “Behold, I am vile; what shall I answer thee? I will lay mine hand upon my mouth.” A sight of the King leaves no room for exaltation of self, and one willingly takes their place among the lowest of men. Those who claim to be humble, have never been humbled, for a claim of humility is not needed in the humbled.
4) Another thing to look for is If one has any comfort in any sin, whether lying, adultery, fornication, formality, morality, hypocrisy. Note: The saved can commit nearly any sin that a lost person can, yet they cannot have peace in it, nor can it be a defining characteristic of themselves. It is possible for one to have the comfort caused by ignorance of the sin as David did, but once the sin is exposed, like David, the saint can have no comfort in it.
5) Being unable to discern a child of God is a quality of the lost, who being lost, have no discernment (Prov 17:15, Jonah 4:11)
6) Next we are to keep an eye out for the obvious bruised reeds and the smoking flax, for which one needs the utmost wisdom and guidance of the Spirit of God. “And of some have compassion, making a difference: And others save with fear, pulling them out of the fire; hating even the garment spotted by the flesh.” To exercise this we reserve compassion for the bruised reed, and fear of judgment for the smoking flax, and see with which response it is met. Look not only on outward actions or professions to determine the brotherhood of any, but especially these, for their outward signs may well be contrary to their inward birth.
7) Those led of the Spirit of God will be found to be walking by faith, not by sight. They may be called to do things against both caution and reason, and will generally be found swimming upstream in the current of their surroundings. They will be considered foolish (1 Cor 2:26-29) yet in their workings will be found the wisdom of God (1 Cor 2:11-14).
8 ) People who are led of a certain spirit will recognize and prefer others led by that same spirit. Those led of the spirit of the world will prefer others led of the spirit of the world; those led of the spirit of whoredoms will prefer others led of the spirit of whoredoms; those led of the spirit of religion will prefer others led of the spirit of religion; and those led of the Spirit of God will prefer others led of the Spirit of God. Fellowship with others led of the same spirit as yourself will not be awkward, but comfortable, even preferable. In this way, those who are led of the Spirit of God will be able to discern others who are led of that same Spirit (1 John 4:5-6).
There are others as well as I am sure you will find, the point of the matter is that the child of God is meant to know who his brethren are, and is meant to judge rightly.
The definition of a carnal Christian
August 3rd, 2009
I needed to take a pit stop and go into this before Part II of “The discernment of saints”
What is at issue here is the definition of a ‘carnal Christian’. The best definition of which is: A Christian who needs to, or prefers to, drink from another man’s spiritual bucket.
Instead of going to the well which is found in Christ, these men considered themselves to be in a good state because they referred to their status by the human teacher preferred; whether Paul or Apollos, (or Calvin, or Wesley, or Luther, or whomever besides the Holy Spirit). And for that Paul refers to them as carnal; for their preference of drinking from the bucket of men rather than the living waters flowing forth from the Father, through the Son, by the Holy Spirit.
Refer to other men if necessary, but if we allow their thoughts (whether good or bad) to rattle around all alone unchecked in our heads, THAT is what defines us as carnal! Too lazy to press on after and slay our own spiritual meat, that we may chew the cud on it. A spirit that prefers that other men present the truths of God to us. A cup not full enough that it runneth over, but one that requires overflow from another cup to fill it, is the clearest definition of a carnal Christian.
By that definition, was Solomon carnal? No. Did Solomon live in sin? Yes. Was Solomon comfortable in his sin? No. Was he grieved by it? Yes. Did he go to the well which is found in Christ? Yes. Through all his sin, Solomon fits the mainstream definition of a carnal Christian, yet having wisdom above all men, he does not fit the true definition of a carnal Christian. What Solomon did have was a very tumultuous battle against the old nature that he put on display as an example for the rest of us, and poured forth his wisdom from it, to the glory of God.
Compare that to King Saul, Judas, and the rich young ruler, who outwardly did many things right, and gave much evidence of submitting to the lordship of Christ, yet through their sin of morality the damnation of each is most obvious.
Take heart, there is such a thing as a carnal Christian, the difficulty has always been the definition.
The discernment of saints (Part 1)
July 27th, 2009
We hear much talk from professing Christians about one not being able to discern the salvation of another; but these same people tell us we should have fellowship with the saints, and ought not fellowship with those who are not saints. We also live in a time when there are as many lost people inside the church as outside it, so if we are ever going to have fellowship with the saints but we are told not to discern who are saints and who are not saints, what is a Christian to do?
First off, this lack of discernment is a quality of the lost, they simply ‘cannot discern between their right hand and their left hand’ and though they profess Christ they want to bring you into the same predicament they are in. With lack of leading of the Spirit, they willingly and openly ‘justify the wicked for reward, and take away the righteousness of the righteous from him!’ This wrong judgment is not made in every case for then they would have perfect judgment, even though it would be perfectly wrong! But for the most part due to their lack of leading of the Spirit of God these professing Christians are not able to tell the difference between those who are in Christ and those who are not.
As a whole, the saints are meant to know who are their brethren and who are not. Not having perfect attention to the Spirit, we also may not have perfect judgment in this regard, and in such cases it may be better to refrain from judgment. To believe someone is saved when they are not, and to believe someone is not saved when they actually are, makes one ‘abomination to the Lord’ (Prov 17:15). In these cases we know that we are to’ judge righteous judgment’, and it requires more than a carnal man can do. Many people think a saint is discerned by practical holiness, yet because this holiness is imitated so well by lost (Matt 19:18-20) is that where we are to look? No. The Bible gives evidence that a saved person can and has committed nearly any sin that a lost person can. Are we to look at the profession? No, mere professions are vain. With so many bruised reeds and smoking flaxes among the saints, where and in what manner are we to look for them?
The direction of Christ
July 20th, 2009
Many a person will stand and call out to others to ‘come to Christ’, but is that the way it was meant to be proclaimed? Not particularly. I believe it is better to proclaim to ‘GO to Christ’, and here is why:
Far be it from me or any preacher to ever tell anyone to ‘come to Christ’; as though the way to Him either stops at, or must pass through either of us; as though we held some infallible position between them and Him. What I must tell you is not to COME which may cause you only to seek to be where I am, but to ‘GO to Christ’ as though you not only do not have to come to Christ through me, nor some infallible way I have invented, but rather that you may have to go quite a distance around me to get to Him. Too many treat salvation as though they have the lock on the door. That is not the way it is. Those who most loudly proclaim the ownership of the lock are those least likely to have it. Those who put systems and theologies of men in place or exalt particular denominations or forms as though they had the key to life, are the least likely to know Christ personally and know nothing yet as they ought to know. It is Christ that is to be exalted, and any message that bears not its ‘GO to Christ’, is no message ‘FROM’ Him. To be the gospel message, the hand must always point to Christ, at the expense of man and traditions of men.
The Sardisian may be to the left of Christ, the Ephesian to the right, the Philadelphian in front and the Pergamosian in the back, Christ may be approached from many a direction. The grand importance is not the direction you approach Christ from, but rather the Christ whom you approach. Each may have their ideas as to who He is, and what He came to do, but any that exalt man (self) or the systems of men (direction to Christ) at the expense of Christ only prove they are pointing not to Christ at the center.
From one vile wretch to another vile wretch, I leave you with this. However it is you must get to Him, please just …….‘GO to Christ’!
Mark 6:56 …and as many as touched him were made whole.
The perception of self
July 15th, 2009
There is a terrible lukewarmness about this time as prophesied, but what exactly does it look like? Rev 3:17 teaches that the main characteristic is a false perception of self. Many will claim the riches of Christ who will not claim their own poverty of spirit. They will make much noise about how they are Christ’s and will receive all His riches, yet they will not admit that they are wretched, miserable, poor, blind and naked. They may lukewarmly take the title of sinner, yet refuse to own all which that means. It means the nature which we possess despises God, it means not only do we have NOTHING good in who we are but we are nothing of which God consists, it means we are opposed to God to our very core, in short it means we are ENTIRELY ungodly.
Now God imparts His nature on top of those who He claims as His children, but these children recognize that this nature is not of themselves, it is God’s who will give to whomsoever He will. With this new nature imparted we can turn Godward, yet with our old nature remaining (the only one we are allowed to claim as us) we are to be constantly reminded we are wretched, miserable, poor, blind and naked. We are never to disown who we truly are, for doing so is the mark of lukewarmness. It is to be as the Pharisee who thanked God that he was not as other men are (Luke 18:11). This is why the drunkards and harlots will enter the kingdom of heaven before most who profess the name of Christ. They actually feel their own condition right to the core, they know who they are!
I see the corruptions in the world today, I see how far opposed to God the world is, and I look in my own heart and realize that I am exactly like other men are, and were it not for the restraining grace of God, their thoughts/words/deeds might be mine.
We may be granted ability to forsake gross outward sin, we may be granted restraining grace for a season to try us, for us to see where our hearts really are, but what do we see because of it? Has the eye salve been applied, that we may see that we are ENTIRELY ungodly? Or are we lukewarm in our perception of self?
Heed the warning thou lukewarm professor, Christ is speaking to US.
The title of ‘sinner’
July 13th, 2009
Every man, both saved and unsaved are to properly take the title of sinner, but what exactly does this mean? It goes kind of like this.
I am a sinner by title not just occupation. For example if I was a welder, that would be my occupation, but my occupation can change, however my title remains ‘Mister’ and can’t change because that is the way I was born. Likewise, I am a sinner by nature because that is the way I was born. Even if saved, my occupation with sin may have been changed to occupy myself with better thoughts and actions, but my title remains. A casual look reveals that I see enough sin in my very nature (without even considering my actions) to remember that I will always retain that old title of ‘Sinner’. Why? Because that is the way I was born.
Now some may say, but what about the Mrs., her title has been changed from Miss? Good point. Her title is now ‘Mister’s’, that is, she is titled after the man to whom she has married. The problem is when you type her blood and other associated things, you find that it matches the family she came from rather than the husband she married. Though she is now the ‘Mister’s’ through marriage, she sheds not the characteristics she was born with. She may now live and work in a different household, but she never loses the physical characteristics that defined her. Why? Though she is the ‘Mister’s’ by marriage, she is still the ‘Miss’ by birth.
I am a sinner by title, because that is the way I was born. I may change the things I occupy myself with, and even come into the marriage relationship with Christ, but until I shed this body, I don’t lose my original title. Through marriage to Christ I may be referred to as a ‘Saint’, but ‘Sinner’ is the way I was born and is the title that defines who I am.
“A sinner is a precious thing,
The Holy Ghost hath made him so…”
When one sees himself as a sinner it is a blessed work of the Holy Ghost in conviction.
If you see yourself as a sinner and have rightfully taken the title of sinner, then be of good cheer “…Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners…”
The sin/sins of man
July 7th, 2009
We are born in sin, with a sin nature, and do nothing but sin and we do this in the presence of a most holy God who requires absolute justice. What then allows us to even to live?
We look for the answer in 1 John 2:2 ‘And he is the propitiation for our sins: and not for ours only, but also for the sins of the whole world.’ Though not all are saved, the Bible teaches there is a sense in which Christ is the propitiation for the sins of the whole world, I believe this is that sense. Christ’s sacrifice was required to allow mankind to even continue to live, making the way even possible for the time when the application of His blood could be made to those who would receive it. This verse talks of ‘sins’ not ‘sin’. ‘Sins’ are individual events by which we offend God, ‘sin’ is why we do it. IE Lying falls under the category of ‘sins’ whereas our depraved nature is ‘sin’. ‘Sin’ is the cause, ‘sins’ are the effect. The ‘sins’ of the whole world were judged on the cross allowing us to even live, yet apart from the application of the atonement of Christ by the Holy Spirit, there will have been no application made for our ‘sin’. In fact though our ‘sins’ have been judged to allow us even the possibility of temporal life, ‘our sin remaineth’ until glorification. In the meantime a new nature with new desires is imparted to those who truly trust Christ. It is with this new nature that we battle the old one with mixed victories and defeats. This ongoing battle with ‘sin’, is made manifest in our ‘sins’.
If we say we have no ‘sin’, (that is no sin nature or propensity to sin) we deceive ourselves, for it is our very ‘sins’ (the effects of our sin nature) that should make our resident ‘sin nature’ obvious. With the new nature imparted the Christian should not desire to live in the old nature, yet with the remnants of the old nature still there, the Christian is still very prone to fall into ‘sins’. Know this: It is your ‘sin’, that causes your ‘sins’.
But praise the Lord, ‘if we confess our sins, he is faithful and just to forgive us our sins and to cleanse us from all unrighteousness’
The paradox of God
July 1st, 2009
Anyone who has ever opened a Bible will be familiar with John 3:16 “For God so loved the world, that he gave his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth in him should not perish, but have everlasting life.” It is a great promise to those who have received it, unfortunately it can be a stumblingblock to those yet to receive it. For the latter they see the bloodshed in the world and cruel suffering and can’t imagine that God loves this world. The reason is they can’t see the corresponding doctrine throughout scripture that goes along this line, “For the world so hated God, yet were permitted to kill and destroy, that the depravity of man might be made manifest to all”
When you see the cruelties of this world it is meant to cause you to look above it for relief. This world has nothing to offer the person seeking truth and righteousness. The love of God gives you the opportunity to look to another for the things that can’t be found in mankind. Without the eternal sacrifice of Christ complete with His resurrection and ascension to glory, we would have nothing above this world to look to, and would be left to continue to ponder its cruelties. But thanks be to God that He loved us and sent His Son to reconcile us to Him, and raised Him from the dead, thereby giving hope to those who trust Him.
It takes a lot of love to satisfy one’s own requirement for absolute justice, in fact it takes nothing less than absolute love. The love of God is absolute, but ever the gentlemen, He’ll not force you to receive it. Is it possible to refuse it any longer?
Rev 1:5 “… him that loved us, and washed us from our sins in his own blood” |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44452 | Chrome New Tab page
Bookmarks on Google
You'll go rapidly between pages, chapters, and bookmarks on your Bing Play Books app (Android os only) using Skim mode.
Skim through pages
You'll flip through a book’s pages rapidly in Skim mode.
1. Open the book.
2. Tap the biggest market of the web page.
3. Swipe to quickly flip through pages. You may make use of the development club at the bottom of the screen.
4. To return towards web page you began on, touch the page thumbnail regarding the progress club.
Jump to a page
Once you know the web page quantity you need to visit:
1. Touch the page quantity when you look at the top right.
2. Type the web page number you intend to jump to.
Go to a chapter
To jump to a certain chapter or subheading:
1. Touch the part title into the top remaining.
2. Touch the section or subheading you wish to leap to.
Visit a bookmarked page or note
1. Touch “Bookmarks” or “Notes” tab.
2. Touch the bookmark or note you desire.
See present bookmarks
Your four latest bookmarks appear from the progress club. Touch the bookmark to scroll towards bookmarked web page.
Share this:
Share this article
Related Posts
How to bookmarks on Chrome?
How to bookmarks on Chrome?
Bookmarks online
Bookmarks online
Latest Posts
How to bookmark a site?
How to bookmark…
Both web browser and Firefox supply a…
Sign into Chrome
Sign into Chrome
You can register and out from the Hangouts…
Google Chrome bookmarks export
Google Chrome…
Perhaps you have tried achieving this…
Online bookmarking Tool
Online bookmarking…
There are a lot of resources on the web…
Sync extensions Chrome
Sync extensions…
Chrome Sync Extension Configurations…
Featured posts
• Transfer bookmarks from one computer to another
• How to bookmarks on Chrome?
• Bookmarks online
• Bookmarks on my phone
• Transfer bookmarks to new computer
• Backup Google Chrome
• Chrome bookmarks sort
• How to make a page on Internet?
• Help for Google Chrome
Copyright © 2020 l All rights reserved. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44461 | /* $Id: NEWS 3600 2009-08-02 11:08:58Z sam $ */ /** \page libcaca-news Libcaca news \section news0_99_beta17 Changes between 0.9.beta17 and 0.99.beta16 - new dirty rectangle framework for accelerated rendering - new compatible header for old DOS software porting - XCode and Visual Studio build improvements - improved HTML output - improved Ruby and .NET bindings - new comprehensive PHP bindings - Cocoa driver enhancements - documentation updates - minor improvements and bugfixes \section news0_99_beta16 Changes between 0.9.beta16 and 0.99.beta15 - many build fixes, especially for nonstandard platforms \section news0_99_beta15 Changes between 0.9.beta15 and 0.99.beta14 - libcucul was merged back into libcaca for more clarity \section news0_99_beta14 Changes between 0.9.beta14 and 0.99.beta13 - internal FIGlet font support - use C99 types in public headers - runtime support for output drivers - BBcode export support \section news0_99_beta13 Changes between 0.9.beta13 and 0.99.beta12 - device-dependent cursor support - event API rewrite - minor API improvements and extensions - img2txt improvements - Ruby bindings - Massive C# bindings improvements - Python sample code - Visual Studio build solution \section news0_99_beta12 Changes between 0.9.beta12 and 0.99.beta11 - support for 90-degree canvas rotation - better behaviour when trying to output Unicode on an ASCII terminal - the built-in font now supports the Geometric Shapes, Halfwidth and Fullwidth Forms and Miscellaneous Symbols Unicode blocks - new rotozoom effect in cacademo - Cocoa output driver for Mac OS X - preliminary .NET bindings - many bugfixes and documentation changes \section news0_99_beta11 Changes between 0.9.beta11 and 0.99.beta10 - fixed compilation of the C++ bindings - fixed bugs in cucul_import_memory(), cucul_set_canvas_size() - implemented caca_set_display_title() for ncurses and S-Lang - minor bugfixes \section news0_99_beta10 Changes between 0.9.beta10 and 0.99.beta9 - new debug mode - blitting canvases now makes use of the canvas' handle coordinates - import functions can read streamed data - attribute to colorspace transformations - added katakana and hiragana glyphs to the built-in font - many bugfixes and documentation changes \section news0_99_beta9 Changes between 0.9.beta9 and 0.99.beta8 - support for blink, bold, italics and underline attributes - allow to import and export zero-sized canvases - fixed Imlib2 support in cacaview - fixed buffer overlows in the file importer - big documentation updates \section news0_99_beta8 Changes between 0.9.beta8 and 0.99.beta7 - allow to build the X11 and GL drivers as separate plugins - support for fullwidth Unicode characters - improved cucul_flip() and cucul_rotate() - minor bugfixes and documentation updates \section news0_99_beta7 Changes between 0.9.beta7 and 0.99.beta6 - transparency support in the UTF-8 importer and exporter - optimised triangle fill routine - updated C++ bindings \section news0_99_beta6 Changes between 0.9.beta6 and 0.99.beta5 - ANSI importer now handles transparency and UTF-8 - Unicode support was broken for about 10% of the set - various memory leaks were fixed \section news0_99_beta5 Changes between 0.9.beta5 and 0.99.beta4 - implemented cucul_getchar() and cucul_get_color() - handle transparency in the IRC export - new cropping and expanding filters - full Unicode support in the OpenGL driver - portability fixes for 64-bit architectures, Win32 and MS-DOS - all demos except cacafire were merged into cacademo \section news0_99_beta4 Changes between 0.9.beta4 and 0.99.beta3 - added a compatibility layer for pre-1.x libcaca applications - fixed manpage generation - minor bugfixes and documentation updates \section news0_99_beta3 Changes between 0.9.beta3 and 0.99.beta2 - libcaca functions use errno for error reporting - updated C++ bindings - minor improvements, bugfixes and documentation updates \section news0_99_beta2 Changes between 0.9.beta2 and 0.99.beta1 - ANSI importer - functions use errno for error reporting - updated C++ bindings - .NET bindings - cacadraw, an ANSI viewer that will evolve into an editor - Unicode input and output support for SLang and ncurses - built-in fonts work on Win32 \section news0_99_beta1 Changes between 0.9 and 0.99.beta1 - license switched to WTFPL - libcaca was split into libcucul, a standalone text manipulation backend, and libcaca, the display and user input frontend - Unicode support - TrueColor (more than 16 colours) support - Floyd-Steinberg dithering - gamma correction - export functions for HTML, IRC, ANSI, SVG, PostScript, TGA... - builtin fonts for device-independent bitmap output - various text transformation routines (rotation, horizontal flip...) - OpenGL renderer - kernel mode to build libcaca programs into a bootable x86 kernel - cacaserver, a telnet server that can be hooked to libcaca applications - img2irc, an image to IRC conversion utility \section news0_9 Changes between 0.8 and 0.9 - fix for a buffer overflow in the line rendering - fixed resizing in the ncurses and slang drivers - aspect ratio and finer zoom support in cacaview - minor compilation fixes \section news0_8 Changes between 0.7 and 0.8 - window resizing support - native Win32 port - autorepeat emulation in the ncurses and slang drivers - support for more keycodes in the ncurses and slang drivers - cacaplas, a plasma animation example - cacamoir, a moire circles animation example - MSVC project file \section news0_7 Changes between 0.6 and 0.7 - many bugfixes in the event handling - cacaball, a metaball animation example \section news0_6 Changes between 0.5 and 0.6 - 30% speed increase in the bitmap rendering routine - mouse support and various speed optimisations in the X11 driver - X11 is now the preferred driver - improved documentation - minor bugfixes \section news0_5 Changes between 0.4 and 0.5 - palette optimisation for the S-Lang driver to work around the colour pair shortage bug - minor compilation fix \section news0_4 Changes between 0.3 and 0.4 - preliminary X11 graphics driver - support for simultaneously compiled-in drivers - honour the CACA_DRIVER, CACA_GEOMETRY and CACA_FONT environment variables - more documentation \section news0_3 Changes between 0.2 and 0.3 - antialiasing support - dithering, antialiasing and background mode can now be selected at runtime or in the environment using the CACA_BACKGROUND, CACA_DITHERING and CACA_ANTIALIASING variables - alpha channel support in cacaview - BMP loading support in cacaview even if Imlib2 is not present - cacafire, a libcaca port of aafire \section news0_2 Changes between 0.1 and 0.2 - rendering now uses 256 colour pairs instead of 16 - mouse support for ncurses - ncurses is now the preferred backend - arbitrary color depth and bitmasks in the bitmap renderer - cacaview, an image viewer based on libcaca \section news_0_1 New in 0.1 - initial release - slang, ncurses and conio drivers - basic line, box, ellipse and triangle primitives - colour bitmap blitting */ |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44466 | Friday, October 11, 2013
TV Recap: Once Upon a Time in Wonderland 1-1 - Down the Rabbit Hole
I have been looking forward to Once Upon a Time in Wonderland for a while now. The fact that this has been made into a full blown series instead of a limited run series does concern me a bit. But it sounds like they’ve got season one figured out at a minimum, so I’m just going to sit back and enjoy.
I hope.
Frankly, I felt last night was a typical season premier and not the magical premier that the original Once was. So I was probably expecting too much last night. And it didn’t help that they had showed way too much from the previews.
The first scene is actually of a young Alice dressed as the Alice from the Disney version of the story returning from her first trip to Wonderland. Of course, the twist here is that it is real instead of a dream. Her father is certain she made it all up, and worse yet, she had disappeared so he was worried something had happened to her.
Next up, we have a brief stop in Storybrooke with cameos by Emma’s car and Grumpy. There’s also someone closing down what I thought was Granny’s, but it wasn’t Granny or Red. We’re seeing everything from a point of view, and this person is stealing a cup of coffee when the White Rabbit shows up, announces that Alice is in trouble, and then convinces our coffee thief – the Knave of Hearts – to join him.
We then join Alice as a young woman back in Victorian era England. (Did I mention that they stuck to the original book time for Alice?) She’s spent a year in a mental institution. Through an interview and flashbacks, we find out that she returned to Wonderland looking for proof to show her father that she was right. While she was there, she met Cyrus, a genie. She freed him, and they fell in love. He has just proposed to Alice when the Red Queen shows up and throws him off a cliff to his death.
Alice is now distraught, mourning the loss of her true love. When the doctor promises a procedure that will rid her of her memories, she agrees. But before it happens, the Knave and Rabbit show up. Alice isn’t ready to go with them until she learns that Cyrus is alive. The White Rabbit heard it from the Doormouse.
And so she heads back. They land in the Mallowmarsh and almost get pulled under the quicksand like marshmallow (what a way to go), but Alice takes a dragonfly (real dragon, of course), and hardens the surface so they can get out. Rabbit has run off at this point to get help.
Knave isn’t sure he should be back. Alice had already saved his heart once, but he did something worse after she left to get himself on the wanted list, head attached or not. But Alice convinces him to stay, promising him the use of her wishes when they find Cyrus. (And these wishes sound a lot like magic in the original series – they come with strings attached.)
Their quest through the woods almost gets them lost, but Alice climbs a tree and finds their destination – the Mad Hatter’s Cottage. Cheshire Cat shows up and almost eats Alice, talking about how food has disappeared in the woods. But Knave uses a mushroom to shrink him down to size.
They get to the cottage to find it empty. At this point, Rabbit finds them again, and starts offering excuses and explanations. But Alice finds Cyrus’ locket outside the cottage, and it is glowing, meaning both of them are close to each other. She’s ready to keep searching even though Knave wants to leave.
What they don’t know but we do is where Rabbit went when he was away from Alice. She met with the Red Queen. Red Queen is luring Alice into a trap of some kind because she needs what Alice has for some plan.
That plan might involve the sorcerer Jaffar, who shows up to visit Red Queen. He even threatens to kill her because he doesn’t need her any more. Some how, this trap involves the wishes that Alice has, however, wishes have to be given. They can’t be stolen. What these two villains are plotting is a mystery – for now.
As to Cyrus, he is indeed still alive. When he was falling off the cliff, Jaffar used a magic carpet to rescue/capture him. Cyrus is being held in a cage. I should mention both Jaffar and Cyrus are from Agriba (or however it is spelled).
It definitely feels darker than the main series, and I think that was part of why it was off putting. It also didn’t feel like it had the breath of characters from the original.
Also interesting is the timeline. How can Alice know the Mad Hatter in her time line of 100+ year ago and yet he still be a young man in modern day Storybrooke? Oh, I know, those characters didn’t age during the sure, but even so that’s 80 years or so unaccounted for.
For that matter, how did Knave get there?
I’ll give it several episodes to grow on me, and I think it will. There’s certainly some fun potential here. But I was expecting to have my socks blown off, and that didn’t quite happen.
What did you think? And what do you think Red Queen and Jaffar are up to?
1. I feel there is a small chance that Jaffar could be from before the Aladdin story, but that's just a guess.
Time between worlds may not flow the same, like in the Narnia Books. The Creators did also hint in an interview that there maybe worlds that just stuck in time, I.e. a Victorian London world, though I would just say that in Wonderland anything is possible.
As for the Knave in Storybrooke, We know that the curse pulled people form other world that had visited or were form the Enchanted Forrest, Dr. Frankenstein had visited, Jefferson/Mad Hatter was from there. But the Knave also said that he had left Wonderland so I would guess he just happen to be in the Enchanted Forrest when the Cures hit.
1. It also sounds to me like Knave has a connection to Enchanted Forest, so there is that.
I agree that time might work differently. I'd be surprised if they haven't thought through timing issues. But so far that's left a burning question in my mind. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44480 | Wednesday, November 30, 2016
Six Narratives on the Ascendancy of Trump
Perhaps the masses have (finally!) reached the point where the pain of maintaining the status quo now exceeds that of breaking it.
A remarkably diverse array of "explanations" of Donald Trump's presidential election victory have been aired, representing both the conventional political spectrum and well beyond.
Let’s start with the conventional mainstream media “explanations”:
#1: Trump was elected by intolerant Americans, i.e. “deplorables” who are intolerant of immigrants, Muslims, women’s rights, gays, etc. while being overly attached to firearms and the Christian religion.
This sort of broad-brush slander is emotionally appealing to those who lost the election, as it enables the losing party to claim the high moral ground. (It’s also classic propaganda, a topic Chris addressed in a recent series.) But it overlooks the many Progressives who voted for Trump but did not dare announce their choice to their hysterically intolerant Democratic loyalist friends. For example, consider this female voter’s account: Liberals Should Stop Ranting And Seek Out Silent Trump Voters Like Me.
This "explanation", though satisfying in terms of self-righteousness, has no credible explanatory value.
#2: Trump didn’t win the election, Hillary Clinton lost it.
This “explanation” constructs a narrative from polling data: African-American voters did not turn out for Hillary in the same high percentages as they did for President Obama, a surprising number of higher income households voted for Trump, etc. If Hillary had drawn the expected percentages of voters, she would have won.
This “explanation” explains nothing, as it ignores the larger issues that drove voters to vote or not vote.
#3: The unprotected Americans (to use Peggy Noonan’s term) who have seen their incomes and security decline in the age of neoliberal globalization voted for Trump to reject globalism, unfettered immigration and free trade.
This narrative is ably dissected in this 5-part series from Inequality, Market Chaos and Angry Voters: A Turning Point for Globalization
In the U.S. media, this narrative is typically characterized as a sports event: the “losers” of neoliberal globalization struck back at the “winners.”
This explanation draws upon well-established economic trends: sharply rising inequality, the hollowing out of the Rust Belt and rural economies in “flyover” America, etc.
#4: Trump’s victory is another manifestation of the global revolt against elites.
Defenders of the status quo—broadly speaking, neoliberalism’s financial “winners” and the ruling elites—are quick to equate outbreaks of populism with the dreaded scourge of fascism. In the defenders’ accounts, the rightist, nationalistic populism of the 1930s led directly to fascism.
The article titles in the December 2016 issue of Foreign Affairs summarize the conventional characterization of populism as reactionary and dangerous--never mind that populism can also be leftist (look at the anti-globalist movement) or largely apolitical:
-- Populism on the March: Why the West Is In Trouble
-- Trump and American Populism: Old Whine, New Bottles
-- Populism Is Not Fascism, But It Could Be a Harbinger
There are few if any positive words for populist movements in these essays, and precious little recognition of populism’s potential to upend a grossly corrupt, inefficient and self-serving global elite—an elite that richly deserves to be cashiered.
While the mainstream media grudgingly admits that the ruling elites paid little attention to soaring income and wealth inequality, or to globalism’s “losers,” the answer to defenders of the status quo is the usual grab-bag of policy tweaks that leave the ruling elites and their media apologists firmly in charge.
#5: Trump has been set up as the fall-guy for an economy that is teetering on the edge of recession or even depression. The coming recession/depression will discredit Trump and the populist/nationalist movement, setting the stage for the neoliberal globalists to return triumphantly to power in four years.
While many of us wouldn’t put such nefarious scheming past the globalist elites, this doesn’t quite align with the reality that virtually everyone, mainstream or alternative, left or right, dismissed Trump’s presidential campaign as a media-circus sideshow staged by a narcissist.
Since virtually no one expected him to win when he entered the race, why would globalists support him when their candidate, Hillary Clinton, was a shoo-in? Rather than pick him as a fall-guy for an economic depression, the claim that he was picked by globalists as an easy target for defeat (another alternative media narrative) makes more sense.
But the reality is nobody could predict Trump’s victory, and theories based on the idea that he was set up as a fall-guy presume the globalists rigged the election for their candidate (Hillary) to lose. Why install a “dangerous” populist when you could install your candidate?
#6: The Clinton campaign was a “quiet coup” of corrupt elites intent on solidifying the merger of private-sector/philanthro-capitalist pay-for-play and government functions. A “counter-coup” staged by elements of the Deep State (i.e. the unelected permanent government that remains in power regardless of which party is in office) foiled Clinton’s quiet coup.
As farfetched as this might sound, Clinton insider Sidney Blumenthal accused the FBI of staging a “coup” by reopening the investigation into Clinton’s emails.
While I didn’t use the inflammatory word “coup,” I have outlined the possibility that more forward-looking elements of the Deep State concluded neoliberalism, neoconservative intervention (i.e. endless wars of choice) and institutionalized pay-to-play corruption threatened the security of the nation and had to be thwarted at the ballot box: Why the Deep State Is Dumping Hillary.
While there is little public evidence of this power struggle—the Deep State doesn’t operate in the public gaze—there are plenty of circumstantial clues that the Deep State is not a monolith of neocon neoliberalism.
Conclusion (to Part 1)
Can we summarize these narratives (some competing, some overlapping) in any instructive fashion? I think we can roughly divide them into three categories:
1. Moral claims: the neoliberal “progressives” are morally superior to the “deplorables” and so the neoliberals (the remarkably intolerant “tolerants”) deserved to win on moral grounds; alternatively, the pay-to-play Clinton camp is ethically bankrupt and its claims to the moral high ground are hypocritical.
2. Elite machinations: insiders either set up Trump as the easy-to-beat opponent or as the fall-guy for the coming depression; alternatively, the Deep State was split into two camps, the neocons who backed Hillary and the insurgents who saw Hillary as a threat to national security.
3. Structural economic/social issues: rising wealth/income inequality and the decline of the bottom 95% finally had political consequences.
In Part 2: Why The Ruling Elite Are Becoming Frightened, we examine a hybrid argument that synthesizes these categories into a single narrative that explains what is likely truly going on: The masses have (finally!) reached the point where the pain of maintaining the status quo now exceeds that of breaking it. A People's Coup has been set in motion, of which the election of Trump is just an early example of the unexpected and jarring surprises that lie ahead.
What will this coup look like? Will it succeed?
Thank you, William K. ($5/mo), for your outrageously generous re-subscription to this site-- I am greatly honored by your steadfast support and readership.
Terms of Service
Our Privacy Policy:
Our Commission Policy:
on my site.
© Blogger templates Newspaper III by 2008
Back to TOP |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44481 | WIFO Working Papers
Discussion papers by WIFO staff, consultants and guests – As of 2006 available online only – Free download
WIFO is not responsible for any opinions reflected in the Working Papers.
SearchAdvanced search
The Causal Economic Effects of Olympic Games on Host Regions
WIFO Working Papers, 2019, (591), 50 pages
Online since: 25.11.2019 0:00
This paper studies the effects of hosting Olympic Games on the regional economy in the short- and long-run. For identification, runners-up in the Olympic bidding process are used to construct the counterfactual for Olympic host regions. In the short-run, hosting Summer Olympics boosts regional GDP per capita by about 3 to 4 percentage points relative to the national level in the year of the event and the year before. There is also evidence for positive long-run effects, but results on the latter are not statistically robust. In contrast, Winter Olympics do not have a positive impact on host regions. If anything, they lead to a temporal decline in regional GDP per capita in the years around the event.
Research group:Structural Change and Regional Development |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44482 | Saturday, January 17, 2009
The future of Cheese Boys is in the Cheeseshop
For the last time: the name of my game is not related at all with the Python Package Index (also know as Cheeseshop). When I start to develop the game, I didn't know at all pypi!
In those days I didn't developed anything directly related to Cheese Boys (it's not true... I'm near to fix and finally close the Stealth mode) but my attention was moved back to another project of mine: KezMEnu.
KezMenu started as an internal Cheese Boys module, but then I decided to create a more stable, indipendent and debuggable library. So I released it as an indipendent package.
This is related to my personal "war" againts the other pygamers, because I find that Pygame community has a lot of great ideas (some developer released great games), but too often not well structured.
Problem one: start a project aiming to the sky
I mean: often I saw developer start great projects, release in a very short time a lot of good working examples and then... nothing. Projects had dropped.
Why? Obviously is always possible that this is for personal choice, but I also think because many try to get "all and immediatly" and when the difficulties went out the game was too bad structured to be funny again developing it.
Yes, because making a game is FUNNY (or so is for me).
Cheese Boys started very (too) slowly: I have a few time for free develop what I like, but every release always had a precise (but near) target. In the 0.0.1 version I didn't aim directly to get a game with the stealth mode, but only to move a Glenn sprite on the screen.
Problem two: unstructured, caothic code and not OOP
Structure the code is important, refactoring is more important. Maybe that every release of mine lead to minor or major code refactoring.
The use of the Object Oriented Programming is the key for a friendly code. I downloaded a lot of funny games from Pygame. Often I played great games and I begin to look at their source founding that they weren't readable at all (call this the Dark Side). The comment (and the pydoc strings) are very important, but not required if the code is well readable itself.
The most dangerous thins I found is the idea that releasing a game or a libray in a single file is good. Wrong!
This can be true for very simple games (and libraries), and as well this can really help sometimes in integrating 3rd party library (like I did when for the first time I included Vector2 class, or EzMeNu), this must not be a develop metodology!
Split your file! Make it a module composed by many .py sources (Light Side)!
Taking the Dark Side is simpler, and lead to immediatly results (don't think that I never evaluated to drop Cheese Boys and start a new simpler, Space Invader's like game!) but can't lead you to complex results!
One of my favorites, unfinished, game on Pygame is Gladius I, another creation of one of the best Pygame community member: PyMike. This game lead me to say "I really want to be able to create a game like this". I really liked the only release avaiable (not on the Web anymore... I have my personal copy if you wanna try).
I found this a great game, but the code inside can't lead it to be finished (Yes... sometimes Mike is one of the most powerfull Sith of the community :-)!
Problem Three: separation of concerns
If the game is becoming too big, begin to split it in general modules. Put those modules away and make they a game dependencies!
This will help other people to use you code (and maybe improve it), and the final result is the same! Today with Python the library dependencies are simple to maintain!
Use the Python Cheeseshop! Learn how to write python eggs!
You are interested? So learn how to use Python Distutils. I wrote a tutorial on it!
Problem Four: too multitasking
I mean there the programmer's multitasking, not the program's one! Develop few projects in the same time! Too often game were drop to start another...
There are hope for Pygame? Yes! In the last time I see many developer release good code... I hope to help somebody to pass to the Light Side and begin using the For... erh... the Cheeseshop!
Ok, now lets turn back to Cheese Boys. As I reported in the title of this post one day (may be immediatly after the 0.2.0 version) I will begin splitting the game engine from the game.
The engine future is as an egg onto the Python Package Index!
1 comment:
1. I'm very interested on your unfinished tutorial about usage
please complete it
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44498 | NETBible KJV GRK-HEB XRef Arts Hymns
Discovery Box
Psalms 78:43-51
78:43 when he performed his awesome deeds 1 in Egypt,
and his acts of judgment 2 in the region of Zoan.
78:44 He turned their rivers into blood,
and they could not drink from their streams.
78:45 He sent swarms of biting insects against them, 3
as well as frogs that overran their land. 4
78:46 He gave their crops to the grasshopper,
the fruit of their labor to the locust.
78:47 He destroyed their vines with hail,
and their sycamore-fig trees with driving rain.
78:48 He rained hail down on their cattle, 5
and hurled lightning bolts down on their livestock. 6
78:49 His raging anger lashed out against them, 7
He sent fury, rage, and trouble
as messengers who bring disaster. 8
78:50 He sent his anger in full force; 9
he did not spare them from death;
he handed their lives over to destruction. 10
78:51 He struck down all the firstborn in Egypt,
the firstfruits of their reproductive power 11 in the tents of Ham.
1 tn Or “signs” (see Ps 65:8).
2 tn Or “portents, omens” (see Ps 71:7). The Egyptian plagues are referred to here (see vv. 44-51).
3 tn Heb “and he sent an insect swarm against them and it devoured them.”
4 tn Heb “and a swarm of frogs and it destroyed them.”
5 tn Heb “and he turned over to the hail their cattle.”
6 tn Heb “and their livestock to the flames.” “Flames” here refer to the lightning bolts that accompanied the storm.
7 tn Heb “he sent against them the rage of his anger.” The phrase “rage of his anger” employs an appositional genitive. Synonyms are joined in a construct relationship to emphasize the single idea. For a detailed discussion of the grammatical point with numerous examples, see Y. Avishur, “Pairs of Synonymous Words in the Construct State (and in Appositional Hendiadys) in Biblical Hebrew,” Semitics 2 (1971): 17-81.
8 tn Heb “fury and indignation and trouble, a sending of messengers of disaster.”
9 tn Heb “he leveled a path for his anger.” There were no obstacles to impede its progress; it moved swiftly and destructively.
10 tn Or perhaps “[the] plague.”
11 tn Heb “the beginning of strength.” If retained, the plural form אוֹנִים (’onim, “strength”) probably indicates degree (“great strength”), but many ancient witnesses read “their strength,” which presupposes an emendation to אֹנָם (’onam; singular form of the noun with third masculine plural pronominal suffix).
created in 0.05 seconds
powered by |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44501 | XML Sitemap
URLPriorityChange frequencyLast modified (GMT)
http://clever-inc.jp/249/60%Monthly2015-10-29 07:10
http://clever-inc.jp/243/60%Monthly2015-10-22 02:09
http://clever-inc.jp/229/60%Monthly2016-06-29 01:24
http://clever-inc.jp/219/60%Monthly2015-10-01 10:28 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44507 | iubes are intelligent cubes and we hate them all
PC online strategy game
Only available on
iubes killed in action.
... is our Emperor since --
... is the new King since --
iubes is a unique strategy gameplay... in a quite unusual world.
iubes are intelligent cubes: they gather resources, work, fight and defend by themselves, and have no interest in your micro management.
To master the iubes you have to truely understand their inner mechanics. And until that, you'll hate them and their free will.
substantial facts about the iubes
the iubes evolve inside spherical worlds. Don't forget there is always more than a single front line.
you have no possibility to micro manage your iubes. You're not here to give basic orders. However...
you have to focus on macro management: each of your single action may affect the whole.
travelling the world to defeat other players you may try to grab the crown and become the new king!
The four houses
North Horde
East Empire
South Tribes
West Kingdom
Your colour will define your starting region but that's only a question of feeling.
You have no ally down here.
When fighting someone of your own colour, your opponent will thereby turn into black.
If you ever played to iubes:1
iubes:2 is the same game, except that everything changed.
A new engine has been written. Faster, brighter, finer, with a new interface way much handy thanks to your feedbacks.
Your strategy can now evolve as you can destroy your own buildings. There is new resources, buildings and units, while the iubes themselves have been upgraded with better logic and reactions.
Some features have been discarded: no more night time, no cemetary, and a fixed time speed (x4) to let you focus on the true nature of the game.
But above all, the whole ranking system has been replaced by a complete map with strategic positions you'll have to pass through...
So, welcome back!
iubes are environmentally friendly and 100% manufactured from recyclable materials.
Play now
iUBES:2 © Copyright 2017-2018 codrer.com
For any inquiries: [email protected]
# 30780 |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44508 | Back to results
Bond from George Weale of the borough of Warwick gentleman to Leigh Archer, second son of Thomas Archer of Tan worth, esquire, in the penal sum of £200 to perform covenants in indentures of even date. Signed: George Weale Dated: 28 August 27 Charles II Witnesses: J. Brome, William Bradshaw, John Bradshaw, Robert Archer Seal of red wax applied through paper on tongue Latin and English, parchment, 91/4 x 5 in. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44521 | \ProvidesFile{ext-authoryear-icomp.bbx} [2019/11/30 v0.8c extended biblatex authoryear-icomp bibliography style (MW)] \RequireBibliographyStyle{ext-standard} \RequireBibliographyStyle{authoryear-icomp} \RequireBibliographyStyle{ext-authoryear-common} \endinput % % This file is part of the biblatex-ext bundle. % biblatex-ext is released under the LaTeX Project Public License v1.3c % or later. % % A complete list of files included in that package can be found in % README.md or - failing that - in ext-standard.bbx. % % Official releases of this package are on CTAN % https://www.ctan.org/pkg/biblatex-ext % development takes place on GitHub % https://github.com/moewew/biblatex-ext % |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44545 | Roguelike AI – 4
Genetic Algorithms and evolving stateless AIs.
Now we’re going to get to the first technique that I’d refer to as “Artificial Intelligence” rather than “Pseudointelligence.” The difference between these two terms, colloquially, is that when you’re working with an Artificial Intelligence technique, you can be genuinely surprised by the results, where a pseudointelligence simply does what you tell it. But, as far as most people are concerned, if it’s what decides monster actions in a game, they’re happy to call it “AI” and such distinctions are merely pedantic.
Keep in mind that from this point onward, we are going “above and beyond the call” as far as implementing roguelike monsters. I do this kind of engineering for a living, and I’m not using it (at least not yet) even in my own game.
The fundamental algorithm for most kinds of artificial intelligence, when boiled down to first principles, is disarmingly simple:
1. Develop some structure capable of complicated behavior that’s also capable of being adjusted or tweaked just about infinitely.
2. If it doesn’t do what you want, make small changes in it in a way that’s expected to improve its behavior.
3. If it does do what you want, stop the program.
4. goto 2.
In this article, I’m going to first give a general introduction to genetic algorithms and then talk about how to apply them to the kind of stateless and state-machine AI’s I’ve talked about in the first couple of articles. The stateless-AI’s and state-machine AI’s constitute a structure capable of complicated behavior and also capable of being tweaked or adjusted a lot; For a genetic algorithm, the process of “adjusting it in a way that’s expected to improve its behavior” means “adjusting members of a population randomly and then biasing survival vs. reproduction against the ones whose behavior is not improved.”
Here is how a genetic algorithm, in general, works. You have a “population” of individuals. Each individual is judged according to a fitness function that says how good it is. You then pick a couple of the “better” individuals, and make a new individual by combining their sequences in some way. You replace one of the “worse” individuals with this new individual, and the cycle repeats. Every so often, you pick some individual in the population and change something about that individual at random.
There are an infinite number of variations on this general theme. The parameters that the engineer has to work with are population size, mutation rate, fitness function, gene map, degree of elitism, and method of combining individuals. Many systems change one or more of these parameters during the run. Some discussion of what these parameters are and how they influence the runs (read: guidance at troubleshooting) will help you figure stuff out and avoid some of the more popular mistakes.
Population size is the number of individuals in the population. If it’s too big, your genetic algorithm will take a long time to converge on a solution. If it’s too small, your genetic algorithm will quickly find a “solution” but it may not be a very good one.
The fitness function is absolutely critical. What you’re going for is that, in most cases, small changes in the individuals should map to small changes in the overall fitness, and similar values at similar locations in the genomes should usually mean similar things. But it’s often very hard to visualize in advance exactly how the fitness function will map things. For an extreme case, consider a fitness function for finding a key in a modern cipher system; basically, if the individual is the key, its fitness is perfect and if it’s anything at all else, its fitness is perfectly wrong. A genetic algorithm can get no “traction” here, because there’s nothing to base fitness decisions on. For another extreme case, consider a fitness function that looks at one number in the genome, takes four minus the number, and squares it, regarding the lowest numbers as the best fitness. This presents a simple fitness landscape with one “valley” centered on four. Every change to that number will map to a change in the fitness, and every change that makes an individual more fit will bring it closer to the global optimum. The first system will never converge except by blind luck; The second will converge trivially. Roguelike-AI fitness functions are particularly hard to come up with, but I’ll talk more about that later.
The mutation rate has to be considered in combination with the mutation types and the fitness landscape. If you imagine that the fitness landscape has broad curves and few local optima, you’ll want a high mutation rate with mutations that make smallish changes; this is called an “exploitation” or “hill climbing” strategy, because it “exploits” the area that the individual is in, making new individuals very near it in the expectation that those with higher fitness scores (those “higher on the hillside”) will survive to the next generation, until the optimum is reached. If you imagine that the fitness landscape is very complex, you’ll want a lower mutation rate because the changes it makes will necessarily be large. This is called an “exploration” strategy, because it makes individuals that are further away from its parent. Early in a run, lots of these will find themselves at a better level of fitness than their parent, and will in turn become parents themselves; late in the run almost all mutants die. This is the factor that is most commonly twiddled during a run. In a tactic called “simulated annealing”, there are periodic ‘cataclysms’ during the run where the mutation rate is raised far above its normal level to put individuals out there all over the fitness landscape, then returned to a low level so that the unfit ones die out over succeeding generations. You also get a lot of workers who start with a sustained, high mutation rate and then gradually reduce it during the run. What you need to know about mutation rate is not where to set it, but rather what indicates that it’s too high or too low. If the mutation rate is too low, then you’ll get convergence, but usually on some local optimum. Successive runs will find “solutions” of significantly differing quality. If the mutation rate is too high, you’ll get non-convergence; you’ll have some highly fit individuals in your population, but the proportion of highly-fit to other individuals won’t be increasing as generations pass. When it’s just right, you’ll get solutions in different runs that have very similar (about as good as there is) fitness.
The degree of elitism expresses how much of a reproductive advantage an individual in this population has as a result of being more fit. The classic “newbie mistake” in genetic algorithms is to always breed the very most fit individuals — absolute elitism. This doesn’t work. Selection entirely at random also doesn’t work, as it confers no advantage to the more fit individuals. When you’re selecting individuals to breed, or individuals to eliminate, or both, fitness has to influence the decision, but it can’t dominate it. Even the “worst” individual in the population should have some chance of having offspring, and even the “best” should have some odds of failing to make it to the next generation.
What I usually do is pick three individuals at random, order them from best to worst in fitness, then assign chances to breed and chances to be replaced for each depending on their ranking within the three. For example:
"normal" elitism "small" elitism "slight" elitism
%breed %replace %breed %replace %breed %replace
best 50 20 40 25 35 32
medium 30 30 35 35 34 33
worst 20 50 25 40 31 35
A high degree of elitism will eliminate potentially valuable genetic material before that material gets considered in combination with other things it could be combined with; a low degree of elitism will preserve and experiment with genetic material in different combinations, gradually eliminating it only as it finds absolutely no use for it. The more complicated the problem you’re trying to solve (the more complex the fitness function and the more complexity-rich the combinations of genes are), the lower the degree of elitism you want. You need to give the system time to make its experiments. Elitism has to be considered in combination with mutation rate; mutation introduces new genes, and if mutation is high and elitism is low new genes will be introduced faster than the experiments with different combinations can play themselves out. A very low degree of elitism requires a low mutation rate to work in your favor. If elitism is too low for the current mutation rate, you’ll get non-convergence; however, unlike the situation where the mutation rate is too high in general, the fitness of even the most-fit individuals in the population will fluctuate wildly, sometimes hitting high notes but often just wandering.
The gene map and the method of combination also have to be considered together. The gene map is usually a vector or sequence of values, and the values control different things. The more those things influence each other’s value in the fitness function, the more likely you want it to be that they are transferred *together* to an offspring. This is not actually essential, and it doesn’t mean the difference between convergence and nonconvergence; but it can make the convergence process significantly faster. The most common method of combination for a vector is “crossover,” which means that a copy is made of one of the parents, and then, values from the other parent are copied over them from a randomly selected “beginning” point to an “ending” point. The result of this is that values closest to each other in the gene map are also most likely to be transferred to offspring together. And what that means in practical terms is that you want to put values that form a particular strategy or behavior that’s important, close together in the gene map.
Now how do we apply this technology to developing AI’s for roguelike monsters? Well, it’s hard. Some problems I can answer, like what would be a good gene map. Others, like finding a good fitness function, are hard but I can discuss a couple approaches to them.
First of all, let’s talk about evolving stateless-AI’s of the sort I talked about in article 1. Each of these is, basically, a nested set of if-then statements. That is, they have a tree structure:
test1 at left is an example of a
/ \ a stateless AI, each node of the
test2 test3 tree is a test or an action.
/ \ | \
act1 test4 act2 test5 below is this tree as a vector,
/ \ / \ where leftchild(n) = 2n and
act3 act4 act5 act6 rightchild(n) = 2n+1.
test1 test2 test3 act1 test4 act2 test5 act3 act4 act5 act6
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 14 15
For example test5 is found at index 7. its leftchild is found at index 7×2=14, and its rightchild is found at 7×2+1 = 15. Note that there is nothing at vector indexes 8 and 9, nor 12 and 13.
This remapping trick with trees is valuable; it lets you code with just a number what the relationships of nodes are within the tree. You get isomorphic structure between different individuals, which means the same gene will usually means the same thing in different individuals as convergence happens.
Also, you get the ability to use subtree swapping for your combination function, which preserves entire behavioral complexes from one parent to the next. That is, you just cut a branch off one parent tree and substitute a branch randomly selected from the other parent tree. That preserves complexes of behavior that work together. A good mutation function is one that picks a node and replaces it with a different node. You’d even have access to “small” mutations, since you can replace actions or tests with self-similar actions or tests having different parameters or different implementations. In practice, you’ll want a mutation that frequently picks “small” mutations and occasionally picks “large” mutations. Just make sure that if the mutation function substitutes a test for an action, all the test’s subbranches end in actions.
Certain things you’ll want to telescope into this structure. Remember that in the handwritten stateless-ai’s I had a test to “flight check” every action. In this structure, you don’t want the flight checks to ever be separated from the actions, so you’d make all actions have a “left child” which could be another test or another action. The child node would be executed if the specified action couldn’t be performed. Now, that implies that these trees are infinitely deep, which is not actually possible. So you’ll need some “default behavior” that happens when they go off the bottom of the tree. You can go simplistic and pick “wait,” relying on the GA to develop every bit of the smarts on its own, or you can use the GA to amplify handcoding by just having the “default” behavior be executing the handwritten (and guaranteed terminating) stateless-AI that you’re trying to improve.
So, we have a gene mapping and a combination function. I’d make a decision that the “individuals” never got more than 1024 nodes (for animals) or more than 4096 nodes (for “intelligent” monsters) in them and that the index number of any node simply is not allowed to exceed MAXINT. I’d include code in the branch-swap function to truncate any branch that wanted an index number higher than that. I’d pick a population size around 150, a “normal” or “small” rate of elitism, restrict the range of tests and behaviors to things I considered “appropriate and possible” for that monster type, and then I’d be looking for a fitness function.
Fitness functions are hard to find in RPG game opponents. Sad but true, the fate of most monsters in a roguelike game is to be on screen for about twenty seconds and then get slaughtered. Now, you could take “survival time” as your fitness criterion, but all you would teach your monsters is to be very good at running away. If they got good enough at it, the player would never even see them. And that’s probably not what you want. You could take “hits of damage inflicted on the player” as the measure of monster worth, but you run into another problem in that most monsters don’t inflict any damage at all, and some of the most fun ones do their stuff in a form other than physical injuries.
About the best you can do before we cover modeling the player in the fourth section of this series of articles is a fitness function that evaluates, over a monster’s lifetime, what it has cost the player. A few hitpoints? One- tenth of a charge off a fireball wand? Six charges from a rod of illumination? A round of sword swinging? A speed potion? Food and time spent digging? Whatever it is, you have to assign credit for getting the player to use it to one or more monsters, and then try to decide its value to the player. Remember that the last hitpoint has infinite value and the first has a very small value, so the monster who hits a player for 4 damage when he’s low on HP should get more rewarded than the monster who hit for 4 damage when he was full up. Add it all up and assume that the monster who cost the player the most was probably the one with the best AI. You’d need to build this directly into your combat code; having selected the next three “kobold AI’s” to test in its GA, the system would have to wait and use them in the next three kobolds the player meets and see which ones did better or worse.
Since there’d be a huge level of variance due to just plain luck, I’d use a very high degree of elitism on the principle that I’m just compensating for getting noisy measurements anyway.//
But, the real-time test of interacting with the player simply doesn’t conclude enough experiments fast enough to make a GA approach work really well. You could do it, but it would take a lot of games to develop good monster AI’s. A “nice” fitness function, ideally, should be something you can calculate without player input, so you can leave the GA chewing on a problem overnight (or for a week) and see what it comes up with, instead of waiting for hundreds of games by dozens of playtesters, per run, to provide the data.
Basically, a genetic algorithm allows you to say what goals to try to achieve without specifying the solution — but you have to be able to state those goals, and usually the goals are hard to precisely define. What normally happens is that the first six or eight runs show you what’s wrong with the ways you’ve formulated your fitness function by “raping” it in various ways with the simplest (and least interesting) possible behavior that gets a good fitness score in a way you didn’t think of. After that you start getting results that point out subtle errors in your conception of how the monsters’ actions and tests worked, or point out exploitable bugs in your combat code. And once you work through all of those, you’d start getting usable, novel results and you start runs where you do a lot of tweaking of your GA parameters such as mutation rate, elitism, etc. A lot of GA runs will result in things that are pathetic, silly, or too embarrassing to talk about.
But don’t despair; there is a worthwhile fitness function that can be successfully applied to a roguelike game monster AI. I’ll explain it, but we can’t actually do it until after part 4, Modeling the Player.
The only worthwhile approach to a fitness function for monsters is run plus status evaluation. Basically, this takes a monster and its situation and tries to project it some number of rounds into the future with different AI’s. At the end of that time, the status of the different “virtual monsters” (one for each AI) is evaluated, and the one with the most improved (or least degraded) status is regarded as the best for purposes of this test. It’s much easier to write a status evaluation function than it is to write an AI evaluation function, so this is a method of leveraging what you can do relatively easily to get what is much much harder to do. The big problem with this approach is, since you’re mainly interested in situations that involve the player, this requires you to guess what the player is going to do for the next few rounds. And that is hard.
Leave a Reply |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44546 | Architecture of AI, part 2
This is a continuation of my last post.
I spent yesterday reading about a whole bunch of different machine learning techniques, and I think I’ve figured out what I want to develop.
Background: The best known type of signal propagation networks are artificial (and biological) neural networks, but there are other types of signal propagation networks. In an SPN, values appear at inputs, further values are calculated from combinations of them at hidden nodes, and eventually values are calculated at a set of nodes designated to be output nodes. In ANN’s these values are usually real numbers bounded in a finite range, but that’s not the only kind of value that a SPN can handle.
There is a strategy for growing signal propagation networks which is called Cascade Correlation Learning. It is these days mostly considered to be an also-ran technology – it showed great promise and worked wonderfully well for “toy” problems, but didn’t scale to larger and more subtle problems the way Artificial Neural Networks (eventually) did. And for evolving the topology of artificial neural networks, when anyone bothers to even attempt it, Genetic Algorithms are today’s goto technology. So CCL is almost forgotten.
Essentially CCL means add a hidden node, train it to have the maximum possible correlation with all remaining error (under the assumption that the behavior of all other nodes remains constant), and add it to the network, rinse repeat, until the output accuracy rises to whatever level you’ve deemed acceptable. Once a hidden node has been added you never train its input weights again. The assumption that the behavior of all other nodes remains constant is in fact not an assumption at all, it’s a rule. The only nodes whose input weights ever get training are the output nodes. One really nice thing about this is that it completely avoids the problems of exploding and vanishing gradients as existing weights in deeper layers are changed.
Each added node in a Cascade Correlation Learning network, at least in classic Cascade Correlation, can sample output from all previous nodes, so each new node is effectively its own “layer” that can get input from all previous layers. Each new node takes input from all input nodes and previous nodes that are revealed by its training to have nonzero inputs required to achieve maximum correlation, and sends output to all the output nodes having an error with which it has a nonzero correlation, so connections to input and output nodes are ubiquitous throughout all layers. Hidden nodes are removed if and when they no longer have output edges. This happens if all the output nodes have decided they don’t need that hidden node’s output, and other hidden nodes taking its output have gotten deleted.
Typically Cascade Correlation Learning trains far faster than backpropagation and finds much smaller networks. One of the reasons it’s faster is because it doesn’t use backpropagation except on the single node being (discovered and) trained. One of the reasons the networks it finds are smaller is because it doesn’t train nodes that compete with each other for jobs and then create a network that requires multiple nodes doing each job. Each new node does something different than all the existing nodes.
There are a couple of additional refinements to Cascade Correlation Learning. One of them is to try to limit the depth of the CCLN. To do this, instead of just adding a single node that can take input from literally all previous nodes, you evaluate the addition of several different nodes, restricted to sampling the outputs of limited ranges of earlier hidden nodes, and prefer the one that gives you your best remaining-error correlation while sampling outputs of the hidden nodes closest to input. This grows CCL networks to a similar accuracy and about equally fast, but uses fewer connections and builds shallower networks which allow greater parallelism.
A second refinement to Cascade Correlation Learning is “Knowledge Based” CCL. This means using nodes that know some more complicated activation function “right out of the box”. This can be as complicated as a whole separately-evolved subnetwork, or a circuit diagram that performs arbitrary binary logic, or whatever else. It turns out that if you make these “weird” nodes available as candidates when you’re presenting possible new nodes, and keep picking whatever gives you outputs (in the case of weird nodes, possibly multiple outputs) with the greatest available correlation to remaining error, KBCCLN will recruit and incorporate these weird nodes, usually when and as appropriate, often making a much faster and much simpler (except for the diversity of nodes) final network.
I’ve already extended neural-network architecture to accomodate arbitrary (not necessarily layered) “weird” nodes that can have multiple outputs or outputs that aren’t the result of the usual activation functions, so this fits into my architecture just fine.
CCL has some problems, one of which is that it doesn’t do deep learning. If none of your available inputs and no combination of your available inputs shows any non-accidental correlation with measured input, then CCL will add nodes on the basis of spurious, sample-dependent coincidental correlations, and never get much of anywhere until (unless!) randomly-created higher-level structures start showing some real, non-spurious correlations or interactions that it can detect. KBCCL was an attempt to deal with this, and it helped, but it didn’t help nearly as much as people hoped. While CCL is great for building very efficient networks on “toy” problems where the inputs are related to outputs in some comprehensible if complex way, it has no advantage, and in fact, is usually a futile exercise, in more difficult operations such as those deep networks are usually used for, like reading a grid of pixels and saying “cat” or “tennis player” or “guitar”, or sampling a bunch of waveforms and identifying the words “cat” or “tennis player” or “guitar” as voices speak them.
To deal with this, one of the things you can do is alternate between adding nodes and doing training passes (doing ordinary backprop) on the nodes you’ve already got. This sacrifices a good chunk of CCL’s speed advantage but it can get both dynamics working.
Back when CCL was seriously considered, we were all using exponential-based activation functions like the logistic function and tanh, and those were the goto functions when we wanted activation functions we could train using backpropagation. CCL as normally used builds deep networks without doing deep learning. They were stable when we didn’t train node inputs once the nodes had been added. But when we attempted to train deep networks using exponential-based activation functions and simple backpropagation, of course they exploded. So CCL was abandoned because it didn’t scale.
Of course you can see where this is going, right? The strategies that make deep neural networks trainable at the bottom layers where feedback is diffuse and confused and its net effect hovers near zero – that is to say non-exponential activation functions, convolution kernels, and stacking autoencoders – can help with the trainability of CCL networks too.
Finally, CCLs can be made recurrent, and I already know that I need a recurrent network to do this with.
Is it a win? Possibly. I don’t know if I can do what I need to with it, and particularly whether I can get decent behavior out of it in recurrent networks. But it’s a good possibility, anyway, and one of the few ways we’ve got to build efficient networks that don’t have a whole heck of a lot more connections than they need. And at the very least it can be used to create subsystems useful to a larger project.
So in my estimation it’s time to drag CCL networks out of history’s scrapheap and swap out those old sewing machine motors and training wheels for something a bit more industrial. I am sometimes wrong, of course. But that’s my estimation, because the efficiency of the final system is very important if I’m going to implement it on “normal” computer hardware.
“Normal” computer hardware isn’t essential to the project, of course, but it would make it a heck of a lot simpler to create.
Leave a Reply |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44563 | World Library
Flag as Inappropriate
Email this Article
San Luis Valley
Article Id: WHEBN0000042297
Reproduction Date:
Title: San Luis Valley
Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia
Language: English
Subject: Timeline of Colorado history, Colorado, Sangre de Cristo Range, Antonito, Colorado, Politics of Colorado
Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia
San Luis Valley
The San Luis Valley is an extensive high-altitude basin in the U.S. state of Colorado with a small portion overlapping into New Mexico covering approximately 8,000 square miles (21,000 km2) and sitting at an average elevation of 7,664 feet (2,336 m) above sea level. The valley is a section of the Rio Grande Rift and is drained to the south by the Rio Grande, which rises in the San Juan Mountains to the west of the valley and flows south into New Mexico. The valley is approximately 122 miles (196 km) long and 74 miles (119 km) wide, extending from the Continental Divide on the northwest rim into New Mexico on the south. The San Luis Valley receives little precipitation and is made up of desert lands, but the temperatures can be very comfortable in the summer and very cold on winter nights.
The San Luis Valley is the broad, generally flat, valley at the headwaters of the Rio Grande in south central Colorado and far north central New Mexico. The northern portion of the San Luis Valley is an endorheic basin, which is to say that surface water does not exit this area. The southern portion is drained by the Rio Grande.
The Great Sand Dunes is a famous feature of the valley. It lies directly to the west of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains. The dunes can reach 750 feet (230 m) high. The Great Sands Dunes National Park and Preserve is now in place to protect both the dunes and the numerous archeological sites found in the area. The natural valley aquifer is close to the surface in this part of the valley, and helps with maintenance of water levels in the San Luis Lakes, just to the west of the sand dunes.
Generalized cross section of the San Luis basin
A generalized cross section of the San Luis basin from east to west.[1]
The San Luis Valley, contains an alluvial basin, the Alamosa Basin,[2][3] which lies at the north end of the Rio Grande rift. Deeper alluvial strata, overlying Precambrian basement rock, Eocene alluvial deposits from a shallow Laramide depression, the Blanco Basin Formation; and Oligocene ash and lava flows associated with the Conejos Formation,[4] is the Santa Fe formation, mixed alluvium and lava outflows from the San Juan volcanic field to the west; later strata comprise the Alamosa formation, alternating layers of sand, gravel, and clay. The relatively impermeable clay layers trap ground water in the "confined aquifer" which, if tapped, supplies artesian wells. Surface waters, including the Rio Grande and other streams, are hydrologically connected to the "unconfined aquifer" a shallow ground water formation which underlies much of the valley. The deeper confined aquifer also has sufficient hydrological connection with the surface waters of the valley that they are not considered for the purposes of Colorado water law "nontributary" waters which could legally be mined.[5][6] Streams which flow into the valley, particularly the Rio Grande, have deposited alluvial fans where they emerge from higher terrain onto the valley floor.[7]
Typical aquifer cross-section
The Ancestral Rockies, the Central Colorado Trough, and the San Luis-Uncompahgre Highlands
Western Interior Seaway
Laramide orogeny
External links and further reading
• Geologic History Great Sand Dunes National Park and Preserve
Prior to 1868 the Capote (Kapota) band of Ute Indians lived in the valley.[11] The Utes made a treaty of peace with the United States in 1849 shortly after the Mexican War. Shortly thereafter settlers from New Mexico established several small settlements in what is now Colorado and in 1868 the Utes were removed to a reservation in western Colorado. They continued to play a role in Saguache in the northwestern corner of the valley from the Los Pinos Agency to the west of Saguache until they lost their expansive reservation as the result of the Meeker massacre in 1879.[12]
Spanish and Mexican administration
The area was administered as part of the Spanish, later Mexican, province of Nuevo Mexico until the area was ceded to the United States in 1848 after the Mexican-American war in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
United States administration
Extensive settlement began in the Valley, again primarily by Hispanic farmers and ranchers from New Mexico in the 1850s after the construction of Fort Massachusetts by the U.S. Army for protection against the Utes, who previously barred settlers. The history of the post-war U.S. military presence in the Valley is preserved at Fort Garland and other sites in the Valley, which became part of the Territory of Colorado in 1861.[13] The lands in the valley were surveyed by the United States using the New Mexico Meridian and Baseline, unlike the rest of Colorado. The valley was one of eight candidate sites to detonate the first atomic bomb when White Sands Proving Ground was selected for the Trinity (nuclear test).[14] Today, the Valley has the largest native Hispanic population in Colorado; many families are directly descended from the original New Mexican settlers. The original Ute population was confined to the Southern Ute and Ute Mountain Indian reservations in the late 19th century.
Land ownership and management
Agriculture and wildlife
Agriculture in the San Luis Valley is generally concentrated around the Colorado towns of Alamosa, Monte Vista and Center. Principal crops include potatoes, head lettuce and barley. The barley grown here is the main supplier for Coors beer company. In 1982, quinoa was successfully grown for the first time outside of South America in the San Luis Valley of Colorado,[15] and commercial growth has occurred since 1987.[16] Less favored areas with a shorter growing season and less access to water rights tend to be devoted to alfalfa and grazing. Broad areas, especially in Saguache County, Colorado have a high water table or are even flooded part of the year. Uncultivated land is often covered with "chico", low brush such as rabbitbrush, greasewood and other woody species. Cropland is typically irrigated with large (1/4-mile radius) center-pivot irrigation systems, and a common feature of the Rio Grande Delta area where the Rio Grande enters the valley are large piles of potato-sized rocks screened from the soil.
The area supports a wide variety of wildlife. Sandhill cranes migrate through the valley every spring and fall. The Monte Vista Crane Festival takes place in March, centering on the wildlife refuge located six miles (10 km) south of town. Occasionally, a whooping crane can be spotted among the thousands of grey sandhills. The valley is a flyway for many migrating birds including avocets, bald eagles, goldfinches, and a plethora of hawk varieties.
Artistic community
There are over 500 known artists living in the San Luis Valley as evidenced by an onging directory maintained by Monte Vista artists' group, The Art Thing,[17] The Art Thing's membership boasts several nationally recognized artists working in various media. Monte Vista is also home to the [18] Monte Arts Council as well as several festivals and an art tour that attracts artists from as far away as California and North Carolina.
The San Luis Valley is home to four active live theaters, two at Adams State University, The Creede Repertory Theater and Rocky Mountain Stage in Monte Vista. In August there are two major Music Festivals, the Crestone Music Festival and Spanish Trails Music Festival and Mexican Rodeo. Music in the valley has two well known sponsors in the South Fork Music Association and the Alamosa Live Music Association.
Predominantly agricultural in nature, the area is also one of the poorest rural areas of Colorado. Tourism has become a more important part of the economy in recent years, coupled with attempts to establish the area as a retirement community. Adams State University, a four-year state college at Alamosa, with approximately 2,500 resident students, is the major educational institution in the Valley.[20] It is supplemented by a campus of Trinidad State Junior College in Alamosa.[21] San Luis Valley Regional Medical Center, a full service Acute-Care hospital and specialty physician clinic is the largest employer in the Valley with over 600 employees. The arts are becoming an increasing force in developing the economy of the San Luis Valley.
Tourist attractions
Tourist attractions suggested by National Geographic Traveler include the Monte Vista Crane Festival in March, Los Caminos Antiguos, a regional road network, the Luther Bean Museum at Adams State University and the Firedworks Gallery on Main Street in Alamosa for regional history and art, the El Charro Café on Sixth Street and Calvillo's on Main Street for regional Mexican food. Also recommended near Alamosa for wildlife viewing are The Alamosa Ranch north of town and the Alamosa National Wildlife Refuge to the southeast. To the northeast of Alamosa lie San Luis State Park and the San Luis Lakes and the Great Sand Dunes National Park (turn east at Mosca, Colorado from State Highway 17 onto State Highway 150 then, after you view or visit the Great Sand Dunes, south to Ft. Garland.) Near the Great Sand Dunes, where only camping is available, the Great Sand Dunes Lodge and the Nature Conservancy's Zapata Ranch are recommended for lodging.
Solar energy
The San Luis Valley is an alpine desert environment which is conducive to solar energy production. It has the highest per capita concentration of home-based solar energy systems in the United States. There are a number of proposed industrial-scale solar-electric generating facilities which have been built or are under consideration. Colorado law requires that 30% of the power used in the state be generated from renewable sources by 2020. It also requires that 3% of the power generated be used at or near where it is generated, distributed generation.[23] There is an active market in selling or leasing land to be used for solar facilities.[24] In 2007 when SunEdison, an 8.2 megawatt solar photovoltaic plant near the town of Mosca, Colorado, was built it was the largest solar electric facility in the United States.[25] On December 11, 2009, more than 125 people gathered to respond by a proposal by Tessera Solar affiliated with Stirling Energy Systems to install 8,000 40-foot parabolic mirrors on 1,500 acres (6.1 km2) near Saguache, Colorado. At issue was the noise expected to be generated by the numerous stirling engines to be used to position the collectors and the wisdom of industrial solar facilities.[26] The application for a permit was withdrawn on July 11, 2011.[27] There has also been controversy regarding proposed transmission lines over both Poncha and La Veta passes, which would open the door to much more industrial solar development.[24] Opposition to a proposed transmission line has resulted in possible delay in development of solar facilities by Xcel Energy which together with Tri-State Generation and Transmission Association serves the valley.[28]
3. ^ J. E. Upson (October–November 1939). "Physiographic Subdivisions of the San Luis Valley, Southern Colorado". The Journal of Geology (The University of Chicago Press) 47 (7): 721–736.
4. ^ a b c Brister, B.S. and Gries, R.R. (1994). "Tertiary stratigraphy and tectonic development of the Alamosa basin (northern San Luis Basin), Rio Grande rift, south-central Colorado.". Basins of the Rio Grande Rift: Structure, Stratigraphy, and Tectonic Setting. Geological Society of America Special Paper 291. pp. 39–58. Retrieved September 11, 2011.
5. ^ Definition, United States Code
6. ^ Colorado Supreme Court (Decided: May 9, 1994). "American Water Development Inc. v. City of Alamosa" (Court decision). Retrieved June 9, 2011.
7. ^ Siebenthal, C.E. (May 13, 1910). "The San Luis Valley, Colorado". Science. New Series (American Association for the Advancement of Science) 31 (802): 744–746.
10. ^ Thomas A. Watkins. "GEOLOGY OF THE NORTHEASTERN SAN LUIS BASIN, SAGUACHE COUNTY, COLORADO". Colorado Geological Survey. Retrieved September 13, 2011.
11. ^ What is a Ute?
12. ^ The Western San Juan Mountains: Their Geology, Ecology & Human HistoryMaterial from
15. ^ [1] Colorado State University - San Luis Valley Research Center
16. ^ "Alternative Field Crops Manual - University of Wisconsin and Minnesota - February 1990
17. ^ The Art.Net
18. ^
20. ^ Homepage Adams State College
21. ^ Homepage Trinidad State Junior College
22. ^ Michael and Laura Murphy,. "Road Trip: San Luis Valley, Colorado From National Geographic's Drives of a Lifetime Series". National Geographic. Retrieved September 22, 2012.
27. ^ Matie Belle Lakish (August 11, 2011). "Tessera withdraws SunCatcher application". The Crestone Eagle. Retrieved August 11, 2011. we have determined not to proceed with this permit application further
External links
• San Luis Valley Information Center
• Documents generated by the Tessera industrial solar energy application in Saguache County Land use office, Saguache County
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44566 | Preview Mode Links will not work in preview mode
Oct 26, 2017
If you're asking the question, it's probably something you'll want to pay attention to. Sometimes just asking the internal question is more important than getting an external answer from others. Also, if you're questioning your drinking it might be prudent to stop for a short or long period and see if there is something to be gained?
How much is too much for you? How frequently are you drinking? These can be interesting questions to explore but equally important is the question of how alcohol actually impacts you? Do you have shame and self-loathing around your drinking? Is it getting in the way of your joy and existence? It can be admittedly hard to know how you feel about these questions when you're still drinking. Two other questions you might want to ask are, "What would your life be like without alcohol?" and "How long does the positive impact of drinking last for you?"
There is a spectrum that this podcast will address is the area of drinking that is still a choice. It can be very empowering to be able to make a decision about your drinking because you choose to, not because you have to. But choice becomes harder the longer you drink. Both Jolene and Aidan agree it was liberating to move into a resolute statement about knowing in their bones they wanted off the drinking merry-go-round for good.
Ultimately this is a personal choice that requires time and inner reflection!
|
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44572 | Subscribe by email
20 V to 5 V Step-Down Converter based on the ADP1111
This power supply is based on the Analog Devices regulator . The ADP1111 is a step-up/step-down switching regulator which can operates from an low voltage of 2 V to 12 V in step-up mode and up to 30 V in step-down mode.
The ADP1111 can be programmed to operate in step-up/stepdown or inverting applications using only three external components.
The ADP1111 offer three fixed output voltages fixed outputs of 3.3 V, 5 V and 12 V but can give another value of the output voltage using an adjustable version . In step-up mode the ADP1111 can deliver 100 mA at 5 V from a 3 V input or it can deliver 200 mA at 5 V from a 12 V input in step-down mode.
Main features of the ADP1111 switching regulator are :2 V to 30 V Input Voltage Range , 72 kHz Frequency Operation , Utilizes Surface Mount Inductors , Few External Components Required , Operates in Step-Up/Step-Down or Inverting Mode ,Low Battery Detector , User Adjustable Current Limit , Internal 1 A Power Switch , Fixed or Adjustable Output Voltage .
The ADP1111 can be used in many applications like : 3 V to 5 V, 5 V to 12 V Step-Up Converters ; 9 V to 5 V, 12 V to 5 V Step-Down Converters , Laptop and Palmtop Computers , Cellular Telephones , Flash Memory , VPP Generators , Remote Controls , Peripherals and Add-On Cards , Battery Backup Supplies , Uninterruptible Supplies , Portable Instruments and many other .
The ADP1111 can be used in many other configurations for many other applications ( see the datasheet ) but the circuit presented in this schematic simple 20 V to 5 V Step-Down Converter .
ADP1111 20 V to 5 V Step-Down Converter
Add new comment |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44584 | 413.6 Scrub Seal Treatment
From Engineering Policy Guide
Jump to: navigation, search
The scrub seal is a process by which an anionic charged polymer modified asphalt agent is applied to an asphalt pavement surface and scrubbed into the cracks and voids with a broom. A small layer of aggregate is then applied over the asphalt and then broomed once again, forcing the mix into the cracks and voids to form a seal. The seal is then rolled with a pneumatic tire roller. Since scrub seal is meant to be used as a preventive maintenance measure, its primary purpose is to fill cracks and seal an asphalt pavement.
This process helps to prevent light deterioration, retard progressive failures, and reduce routine maintenance service activities. The traveled way can be opened to traffic about two (2) hours after application.
Scrub sealing should be used only on pavements with AADT less than 7,500 and of sound condition. This process should be used only on stable pavements that are dry, oxidized, and cracked, since it is not intended to improve the structural condition of the pavement. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44617 | Rainwater has historically been used to irrigate crops and supply drinking water; typically, it is harvested on rooftops and stored for later use.
Many island nations use rainwater as a substantial part of their water supply. Even the roofs of skyscrapers in Hong Kong are used to collect rain. Recently, companies began bottling rainwater falling in remote, unpolluted parts of the world. Several of these waters come from Tasmania, where air pollution is extremely negligible. Rainwater must be harvested carefully to prevent contamination, the water must be stored quickly after it hits the collection surface.
Bottled rainwater is young water, with an extra-low mineral content. In most cases, it is nitrate free, though bottlers usually filter the water. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44625 | Avatar for Robin
Member since Jan 2017 • Last active Jan 2020
• 62 conversations
Most recent activity
• in Interfacing
Avatar for Robin
Wed 2020.01.22
' store a config file containing WIFI credentials and DNS info'
Unless 'sneaker net' using the SD card was mandatory between the PC and the Espruino device, has the following been considered at one twentieth the cost?
A half inch by one inch PCB with jumpers along with a socket'd 8 pin DIP can be had for less than $1 USD. The chip itself, 5 for $1 USD, but might need a few supporting discreet components. I have a handful of AT24xx lying around to do the exact credential store task. Mine is used with the MDBT42Q using BLE so easy O.T.A. update/save. Just a thought. . . .
• in ESP32
Avatar for Robin
Wed 2020.01.22
'Question is> is possible to use setDesetDeepSleep function in version of firmware for ESP32?'
Hello @user106328, could this error be the result of a simple typo here?
While I see in your other thread the correct usage:
Is the above a new function I am not aware?
• in Bangle.js
Avatar for Robin
Mon 2020.01.20
'I added some code last week . . . .'
'Where I can find this in source code?'
Until Gordon is able to reply with a specific link, unless that reference was specific for the emulator which is in#2 post;
the running list of updates
location of all source code files
It is much easier to navigate the source using VSCode and I had been given a tremendous amount of assistance getting started. Took me a bit to get going as can be seen from this thread, which may be used as an overview, should that choice be desired.
• in Pico / Wifi / Original Espruino
Avatar for Robin
Mon 2020.01.20
I like the improved, reordered layout of the code block in revison at #9 post. Nicely done example for others requiring MQTT.
ref last pp. of post #7
It should be noted that, L6 and L15 will execute within microseconds of each other, not 2 seconds apart, attempting to force Espruino into potential WiFi setup conflict. This can be proven using the debugger and WebIDE to reveal this fact.
EDIT: Tue 2020.01.21 clarification regarding Gordon's comment in #11 at least one person is actually reading and following along ;-) Edits crossed paths and left out the qualifier: 'should the 'connected' event L15 occur near simultaneously after the first L6 setTimeout() interval has started' This would then be attempting to set up the AP at the approximate same time the server is attempted to be set up. A lot to do with WiFi simultaneously! Although that reference wasn't the perfect example, my point shouldn't be overlooked. Two seconds is not passing waiting for L8 and then L14. During development, I get around this by using prime numbers with trailing '000' so they most likely won't overlap and as to more easily track which timer trips and in which order. Having identical interval values will cloud that understanding.
The code block suggestion that @Gordon graciously whipped together in post #8 was what I implied in the pseudo code reference in 2nd to last pp. in #7 post.
Here is an excellent explanation:
Although your setup may work satisfactory, using the logic layout in Gordon's code block and tweaking the timeouts, should allow for a solid working state in around a second or so, and not the ten seconds currently required.
• in ESP8266
Avatar for Robin
Mon 2020.01.20
@nistvan.86 glad that worked, but a bit of a mis-communication. My belief was that multiple upload of images was the issue, and intended to have the subsequent upload in post #7 rather than a replace of your remote account. That said, it appears the issue was with the actual file then?
@Gordon, regarding post #12, what are the limitations, and what is the range of pulse creation using digitalPulse() please. Is the implication that only a 1msec be the shortest width pulse at a 1KHz rate be all that may be created then? I thought I read (but unable to locate, and unable to reproduce) that 1usec pulse widths were possible at a 1MHz rate?
• in ESP32
Avatar for Robin
Mon 2020.01.20
@Gordon just posted the very solution needed here within a separate thread post just this morning.
@Homoludens a full explanation is there also. I'd read the entire thread. . . .
• in ESP32
Avatar for Robin
Mon 2020.01.20
"Some of our readers reported that they could only upload code when
the ESP32 was powered with 5V. However, we were always successful
providing 3.3V supply."
@7oo1er would you please look back through the browser history and post the link to the quote in post #3 please. Google did not return any suitable links using all or part of those exact words.
I believe this quote is taken out of context.
How can it be possible that driving a CPU chip with a higher (and not rated for, possibly damaging the chip, by the way) voltage be okay, but also be successful at a lower voltage?
Running off a TTL converter perhaps?
'ESP is more heavy, feed it more, use better and shorter cables'
I'm not entirely sure what the above is intending to imply.
The reason the Pico works from a 1 meter USB cable is that it's own circuit board contains an onboard regulator to convert the USB 5v output to the 3v3 volts needed by the STM32 CPU chip.
"On-board 3.3v 250mA voltage regulator, accepts voltages from 3.5v to 16v"
While there are many flavors of ESP32 and circuit breakout board mounts,
"2.2V to 3.6V operating voltage"
what is intended by "better", "shorter" cables for "heavy" use? The power demands for these CPU chips are in the mA range. The restriction of a shorter cable is ridiculous at a meter length. (yes physical properties, diameter, length, wire resistance, etc. need to be considered with many tens of feet however)
If the intent is not to drive additional boards or Neopixel strips from their on board regulator, (which any prudent project would not be doing anyway) then I would totally agree.
Please explain the "But not here." reference to the ESP32. Thank you.
• in ESP8266
Avatar for Robin
Sun 2020.01.19
'I can't attach the other logic analyzer output'
FYI - Only one image may be uploaded at a time. Did an attempt at a re-edit allow the ability to perform the additional upload? It's okay to re-edit to test
Hi @nistvan.86, I'm late to this thread and wont be of much help should this truly be an ESP8266 issue, but I'm not really grasping what isn't working.
'And this does make the modem reset work, I can query it's version number afterwards.'
'Am I still doing something wrong?'
Is the concern still with this msg while 2v04 is currently flashed?
'You have pre-1v96 firmware'
Has 'af_output' been tried for pinMode()?
0.03 msec is 30 usec and the pulse shown appears to be documented as 29.8 usec
Was this of concern?
EDIT: I think I get it, the question is why is it necessary to prepend two place holders?
Incidentally, I've been playing with digitalPulse() and ran into a similar situation. My (unresolved and unresearched at 'C' code level) belief is that the array mechanism requires whole numbers, and a decimal seems to muck things up. I was able to create narrow usec pulses at the usec level using the following as a patch: (edit as necessary)
analogWrite( D4, 0.01, { freq : 4000 } );
// to trun off
analogWrite( D4, 0, { freq : 1 } );
yes, I know it uses the analog flavor, . . .
then to create a pulse train, embed within an interval, something like: (use setTimeout() for a single pulse)
intervalID = setInterval( function() {
// Fire the enable pulse
}, freq );
Not sure if this is what you are after, but I'm running short on time tonight and wouldn't be able to respond should you reply. Just thought I'd pass along some ideas. . . .
Source code links if time allows to research
If I've butt'ed in and not assisting here, please forgive. . . .
• in Bangle.js
Avatar for Robin
Sun 2020.01.19
Nicely done @Abhinav and a code block for others to emulate too! I have a feeling your technique will get used a lot!!
• in Pico / Wifi / Original Espruino
Avatar for Robin
Sun 2020.01.19
Glad it is all working @ScottyMT
Clarification here
'mentioned about a delay setting up SPI'
'to wrap every startup/connection/instantiation in a delay setTimeout. Is this overkill?'
While it may not have been entirely clear, the reference to a delay in post #5 was directed at setting up SPI after the WiFi init taking time, not a delay in the setup of SPI. As you astutely pointed out "There are quite likely several opportunities for conflict," the WiFi module would have to be fetched, the connect task and setup of the AP would take a bit of time, and at the same time SPI setup, and MQTT broker init were being performed.
It may not have been clear that using multiple setTimeout()'s was the intent. The pseudo code: Within the init function, start SPI, inside one timeout task, init and start the AP, inside a separate timeout, init and start the connection to the MQTT broker. In that way, each timeout could be tweaked to get the optimum start delay minimum.
Remember that Espruino will execute the setTimeout() code lines sequentially immediately, that is there is no wait for the timeout to occur before the next code line will execute, so each subsequent timeout value will have to be slightly longer, so they actually stagger an actual half second or so later. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44638 | I finally downloaded the html client preview 2 to give it a run, had not had a chance to look at Lightswitch since last summer…
I ran into a few problems…
When trying to create a Silverlight html/c# client I got a dialog box:
Before installing this version of Silverlight, please close all browser windows and uninstall the current version of Silverlight.
Installed version: 5.1.10516.0
Requested version: Silverlight 5 (5.1.10411.0)
I un-installed the newer version of Silverlight, installed the recommended version and got past that error.. I searched around and did not see this problem in the forums but could have easily missed it…
A couple of other minor problems but then was stuck with a build error indicating Lightswitch could not access the localdb\v11.0:
Error 1 An error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server instance '(LocalDB)\v11.0'.
A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: SQL Network Interfaces, error: 50 - Local Database Runtime error occurred. Error occurred during LocalDB instance startup: SQL Server process failed to start.
) C:\Program Files (x86)\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\LightSwitch\v2.0\Microsoft.LightSwitch.targets 146 10 ContosoMoving
After learning more than I wanted to about localdb over a couple of days, what was consistent were errors of this kind shown below from the localdb log if I let Lightswitch create the localdb\v11.0 instance:
FCB::Open failed: Could not open file e:\sql11_main_t.obj.x86release\sql\mkmastr\databases\objfre\i386\MSDBData.mdf for file number 0. OS error: 2(The system cannot find the file specified.).
Note: I don’t have an E drive normally, these might be remnants of an installation disk.
These logs and the database system and other files can be found here: C:\Users\{your user name}\AppData\Local\Microsoft\Microsoft SQL Server Local DB\Instances\v11.0 on my Windows 8 installation.
Although localdb\v11.0 was created, I could not connect to (localdb)\v11.0 via sql management studio (or visual studio).
Final solution was to delete what was there and create / test (LocalDB)\V11.0 before trying to start/compile a Lightswitch project.
To delete an existing V11.0 and create a new one use the sqllocaldb (.exe) utility which should be mapped already if you use you visual studio developer command prompt. The sequence I used was:
cd c:\users….\Instances (see full directory above).
delete the v11.0 directory
run this sequence of commands:
sqllocaldb delete v11.0
sqllocaldb create v11.0
sqllocaldb start v11.0
After I verified I could connect to the localdb\v11.0 then I was able to run Lightswitch without problems.
Dave Noderer
Software Developer / Microsoft MVP
Cell: 954-270-1186
Company: http://www.computerways.com
Win Phone Beach Riser Pro: http://bit.ly/BeachRiserPro |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44645 | logo logo
Brain-gut connection
The brain-gut axis describes the communication between the brain and the digestive tract. The digestive tract contains a large number of nerve cells (more than any other organ except the brain), and for this reason is sometimes referred to as the ‘little brain’. The ‘little brain’ shares many important connections with the ‘big brain’. The normal function of the brain-gut axis is to regulate digestion and the movement of food without conscious awareness. Unfortunately, sometimes the signals become scrambled or misinterpreted, contributing to digestive discomfort.
The brain-gut axis links emotional and cognitive centres of the brain with peripheral functioning of the digestive tract. The digestive tract and the brain develop from closely related parts of the embryo, and as a result they communicate extensively via nerves such as the Vagus nerve, and share similar nerve endings and chemicals that relay signals and messages (neurotransmitters). This is how stress, thought, emotion, and psychological problems can affect gut sensation, feeling, motility, and secretion. Conversely, sensations arising in the gut can affect the central brain, leading to pain or to changes in mood and behaviour.
Normal digestive function is characterised by a high degree of coordination between the gut and brain. However, in patients with digestive problems, there is often a disruption in the brain-gut axis. This can result in abnormal gut motility and hypersensitivity of the gastrointestinal tract. Digestive symptoms seem to be related to both abnormal reception or processing of gut signals by the brain, as well as an increased sensitivity in the brain and in the gut.
Swinburne University of Technology,
please go to:
IBSclinic.mindovergut.com for individuals with Irritable Bowel Syndrome
IBDclinic.mindovergut.com for individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
© 2014 Swinburne University of Technology | CRICOS number 00111D |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44648 | +91 20 24210201/301 [email protected]
builtCMS is a content management system (CMS) and Business Applications System.
Used for Portals, CMS website, and Small Web Applications
It empowers you to build web sites and portals with SEO (Search Engine Optimization) capabilities and also to manage your business online.
USP are its ease-of-use, custom developed applications and extensibility.
There are many standard modules available for different business verticals.
These Modules can be customized as per your need and implemented on your website.
The Product consists of:
1. Main Website:
• Design considering usability and a focus to drive customers to enquiries.
• Inbuilt organic Search engine optimization to improve search ranking.
2. Administration Section:
• Secured system with domain based access.
• Manage all functionalites of the Portal / Website as per user access like Publishing articles and photos, with support for categories, comments and rating. |
global_01_local_0_shard_00002368_processed.jsonl/44650 | Fake acupuncture works as well as "real" acupuncture
I haven't looked at acupuncture in this space yet, but a recent study in the Archives of Internal Medicine provides some entertainment - and food for thought. The authors, Brinkhaus et al., compared the treatment of lower back pain with "real" acupuncture to two alternatives: "sham" acupuncture, in which needles are placed in random locations and inserted only superficially (not as deep), and no acupuncture at all.
The study found that both sets of patients with acupuncture reported reduced lower back pain as compared to the "no treatment" group; however, there was no difference between the real and sham treatment groups. In other words, if you thought you were getting acupuncture, you reported less pain. The authors here look at this as a victory, of sorts (and they clearly believe in acupuncture themselves - raising questions of bias in the study). It's also worth noting that one of the authors has a clear financial interest in a positive outcome - he receives fees for teaching acupuncture to professional societies; and several of the authors work at centers for complementary medicine.
I'm not surprised that the sham treatment worked as well as the "real" acupuncture. However, I don't believe that either treatment really works. As with many studies of pseudoscience, the condition (here, lower back pain) is subjective and very difficult to measure. The placebo effect is obviously at work: the patients know they had a treatment, which was a painful one, and they want to believe it was worth it. A better study would have included controls who received another treatment - massage for example - rather than nothing.
Worse yet, this study is riddled with other methodological problems. First, the physicians weren't "blinded" to the treatments. In other words, the physicians knew that they were giving real vs. sham acupuncture, introducing another source of bias. A questionnaire given to patients revealed that at least some of them figured out that they had had sham treatment.
Acupuncture has been studied countless times before (sometimes with funding from our friends at NCCAM), and the best studies show, unsurprisingly to me, that it just doesn't work. (Not surprising because there is no known physiological mechanism that would allow it to work. It's just magical thinking.) Now, although meta-analyses are highly problematic themselves, the best meta-analyses are usually the Cochrane studies, so I'll mention here that there was a Cochrane study of precisely this: "The effectiveness of acupuncture in the management of acute and chronic low back pain." You can read the abstract here. They found, after reviewing many other studies, that "there was no evidence showing acupuncture to be more effective than no treatment"; in other words, it just doesn't work.
I was interested to see that Brinkhaus et al. mentioned the Cochrane study above, but dismissed it and said that more recent studies supported their opinion that acupuncture (sham or real) is better than no treatment at all. They cited a more recent (2005) Cochrane study as one of these. But ironically (or should I say "blindly" on the part of Brinkhaus et al.?) this new study did not find evidence that acupuncture works at all. The newer Cochrane study found that almost all the studies were of low quality, and that "the data do not allow firm conclusions about the effectiveness of acupuncture for acute low-back pain." But that didn't stop Brinkhaus et al. from asserting that there is an effect. As long as they study hard-to-measure phenomena like pain, with poorly designed experiments, they'll continue to be able to find weak effects and then claim that "more research is needed."
So, if you want to enrich your local alternative healer, by all means let him stick you full of needles. But if you want to feel better, there are much more pleasant choices that won't cost you a thing.
NIH and Ayurveda, part 2
PLoS Biology, vanity publisher?
I'm a big fan of open access, and I'm rooting for PLoS Biology to succceed in their goal to publish papers that have the same quality and impact as Nature and Science. Today, though, I find myself both surprised and disappointed, as PLoS Biology shows that its hunger for publicity threatens to turn it into a vanity publisher.
You see, in an article appearing tomorrow morning (4 Sept 2007), PLoS Biology is publishing a paper by Craig Venter and colleagues about....(pause)... Craig Venter's genome! So when I get enough money to sequence my genome, will PLoS Biology publish that too? Is this the Donald Trump-izing of science?
But wait, you might object - maybe there's some science in the paper. Well, first you might want to recall that the original human genome paper published by Celera, in early 2001, was predominantly based on Venter's DNA, as he later admitted in a letter to Science. (Disclosure: I worked with Craig and was a co-author on the 2001 paper, and I fully stand behind it.) So most of the science was published over six years ago.
Still, I have the paper here and I've read it, and I can re-assure you that there isn't anything new, unless you are interested in how many differences there are between Craig Venter's genome and the reference human genome (the one in Genbank, which is very nearly complete). If anything, it's kind of a weirdly voyeuristic read, in which you an learn details of Craig's family history (English ancestry, three siblings, etc.), and you can see a full-page picture of his karyotype. Then there's a lengthy description of how they compared the genomes and found all the differences, but I confess I couldn't go on beyond page 10. In what I read, there wasn't much new science, certainly not of the caliber I've come to expect in PLoS Biology.
PLoS Biology will probably get plenty of attention for this paper. In politics there's a saying: any publicity is good publicity. In science, though, we think otherwise. PLoS: why'd you have to do this? I guess I shouldn't have expected so much of you. |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.