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http://thewolfmorningshow.blogspot.com/2012/05/kellie-pickler-got-to-ride-with-blue.html | 2018-06-25T00:04:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-26/segments/1529267867304.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20180624234721-20180625014721-00149.warc.gz | 0.929813 | 135 | CC-MAIN-2018-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-26__0__211673405 | en | Friday, May 11, 2012
Kellie Pickler Got to Ride with the Blue Angels!
Yes, country stars have it better than you and me. KELLIE PICKLER got to fly with the world famous Blue Angels on Wednesday. Stud pilot Mark Tedrow took Kellie from ground level to 2,000 feet in just four seconds. Oh yeah. Kellie Tweeted, "I just landed! It was incredible! Biggest adrenaline rush EVER!" She added, quote, "Thank you @BlueAngels for the fastest most badass ride of my life! Let's fly again soon!"
If any video surfaces, I'll get it posted! | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.mrcy.com/products/application-ready-subsystems/sensors-scanners/aircraft-enhanced-vision-infrared-sensors/lfs3506-lexavia-enhanced-vision-system-evs | 2023-03-23T00:49:35 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296944606.5/warc/CC-MAIN-20230323003026-20230323033026-00239.warc.gz | 0.752963 | 216 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__124840289 | en | LFS3506 Lexavia Enhanced Vision System (EVS)
Part of the Lexavia Enhanced Vision System series, the LFS3506 leverages the industry’s most advanced infrared sensor technology integrated into a compact and lightweight aerodynamic housing. Using a state-of-the-art high-definition long-wave infrared (LWIR) sensor, the LFS3506 provides excellent situational awareness at an affordable cost, bringing a much-needed safety feature to aircraft of all sizes.
Field Of View
- 32°H x 26°V
- NTSC or PAL
- 640 X 512 High-Res LWIR
- ARINC 429, Ethernet, RS-232, RS-422, RS-485
- 12-28 VDC | aerospace | 1 |
http://phys.org/space-news/space-exploration/sort/liverank/all/page9.html | 2016-12-09T22:24:48 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-50/segments/1480698542828.27/warc/CC-MAIN-20161202170902-00341-ip-10-31-129-80.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.943017 | 389 | CC-MAIN-2016-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-50__0__188361925 | en | When you've got to go, but you're out there in space, zipped up in a spacesuit, with no toilet in sight and a crew of other astronauts around, what do you do?
ESA's Science Programme Committee (SPC) has today confirmed two-year mission extensions for nine scientific missions in which the Agency is participating. This secures their operations until the end of 2018.
NASA has selected Space Exploration Technologies (SpaceX) of Hawthorne, California, to provide launch services for the agency's Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission. Launch is targeted for April 2021 on a SpaceX ...
Frozen beneath a region of cracked and pitted plains on Mars lies about as much water as what's in Lake Superior, largest of the Great Lakes, a team of scientists led by The University of Texas at Austin has determined using ...
A thrilling ride is about to begin for NASA's Cassini spacecraft. Engineers have been pumping up the spacecraft's orbit around Saturn this year to increase its tilt with respect to the planet's equator and rings. And on Nov. ...
Shocking allegations of bullying, harassment and sexual assault at CSIRO's Astronomy and Space Sciences (CASS) division were revealed on Sunday by the ABC's Background Briefing program.
Turkey and football will be the main Thanksgiving headliners up on the International Space Station.
European spirit, identity and cohesion are the overarching aspects for Europe to achieve the best of outcomes for its states and citizens in space and for a globally successful European space sector.
By developing several innovative experimental systems, EU-funded researchers now have a better indication of how much cosmic dust enters the Earth's atmosphere and what impact it has.
How does fire act in space? Researchers will soon find out by trying to ignite nine different materials aboard an unmanned spaceship on its way to a fiery re-entry into Earth's atmosphere, NASA said Monday. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.bookingpoint.net/en/airline-tickets/bologna-cape-town-28827LK4.html | 2017-02-27T04:42:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-09/segments/1487501172447.23/warc/CC-MAIN-20170219104612-00071-ip-10-171-10-108.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.93627 | 138 | CC-MAIN-2017-09 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-09__0__67295481 | en | Did you know?
- Alitalia has the most one stop flights between Bologna and Cape Town.
- 81353 seats are available per day to fly out of Bologna connecting to Cape Town.
- The largest aircraft operated by Alitalia flying between Bologna and Cape Town is a 737 with 155 seats.
- The shortest connecting flight from Bologna to Cape Town is 11288 km on Alitalia Express.
- 52 flights per week fly out of Bologna connecting to Cape Town.
Hotels in Cape Town
Traveling on the route and need hotel in Cape Town? Choose from more than 45,000 hotels. | aerospace | 1 |
https://sputnikglobe.com/20060427/46976841.html | 2023-12-11T10:37:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679103810.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211080606-20231211110606-00867.warc.gz | 0.937742 | 220 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__250281504 | en | MOSCOW, April 27 (RIA Novosti) - Spacecraft manufacturer Energiya said Thursday that its new digitally-controlled Soyuz TMA vehicles will be used to extract lunar reserves of helium-3
until a reusable shuttle comes online.
"Before the new Clipper space shuttle is there to take over, we will have to master new digital control systems that we are now installing on Soyuz [craft] instead of analogue parts," Energiya Chief Executive Nikolai Sevastyanov said.
He said only Russian-made systems will be used to upgrade the Soyuz TMA, and that the digital version will be cheaper, lighter and more spacious.
The three-seater Soyuz TMA capsule was the sole vehicle to carry crews to the International Space Station after U.S. shuttle flights were suspended over the Columbia disaster in February 2003, to resume only two-and-a-half years later.
Russia's next-generation reusable Clipper shuttle, which seats six, is expected to replace the veteran Soyuz by 2015. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.surclaro.com/fsdownload-detail-10145.html | 2016-07-24T12:46:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-30/segments/1469257824037.46/warc/CC-MAIN-20160723071024-00287-ip-10-185-27-174.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.912994 | 394 | CC-MAIN-2016-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-30__0__8286685 | en | Fs2002/fs2004 kamov ka-52 alligator multi-role all-weather combat ka-52 alligator helicopter is a twin-seat differential of the assault ka-50. It is intended for a wide-cut stove of combat tasks in daylight and nighttime conditions, in any clip of the yr with the use of all demolition way of the ka-50. This is a commander helicopter of the regular army air aimed at increasing the efficiency of grouping combat helicopter operations. By kazunori ito
The Bo 105 is a light utility helicopter system recognized around the globe for its versatility performance and safety record It serves in a military and civilian capacity in nations throughout the world providing the ability to operate in many guises. The protorype flew in 1967 achieving full operational status by 1970 The cabin allows for a crew of two plus three passengers and two medical litters in the medevac role. A series of two Allisonbrand engines have powered most of the series driving a fourblade main rotor system along with a two blade tail rotor. Visibility out of the cockpit is very good and several variants lengthen the cabin size offering up more windows for improved ...
Quality add-on from our Flightsim Shop
Fs2002/fs2004 kamov ka-52 alligator multi-role all-weather8.13 of 10 over a total of 8 reviews
8 user opinions
not bad, sound DOES change when you shift the throttle...just not when you shift the collective. My gear couldnt retract (!?). I've been looking for a twin prop helo for a while...hope more appear because they're really different from flying the tail rotors!
Nothing is movin in the cockpit and the rotor doesn't move realistic when it's rotating fast (besides the double rotor looks a bit strange). The engine sound is always the same. But otherwise it's okay, first of all the textures and the design. | aerospace | 1 |
https://avionicssource.com/partners/ | 2024-03-03T00:34:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947476137.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20240302215752-20240303005752-00709.warc.gz | 0.916399 | 374 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__67353687 | en | We are proud to partner with the industry’s leading repair stations and distributors to bring you the best products and services available.
Bevan Aviation’s Avionics Bench Repair houses seven technician benches all equipped with specific test equipment and parts. We are the leading repair facility still working on an earlier generation of avionics. Today, with a highly regarded past, we service avionics from a worldwide market with hundreds of capabilities.
Bevan Aviation tests and tags all of our used GNS trade-ins from the east coast.Learn More
PACIFIC COAST AVIONICS
Pacific Coast Avionics highly skilled staff of factory trained technicians and a large parts inventory ensure a quick, professional turnaround. We offer special 24–48 hour AOG service (additional fee) and all repair work is covered by a six month warranty. We are an FAA Approved Repair Station No. 0XPR455L, Class 1, 2, 3 & Limited Airframe and Instrument.
PCA tests and tags all of our used GNS trade-ins from the west coast.LEARN MORE
Over the course of 45 years, EDMO Distributors, Inc. has developed robust relationships with the aviation industry’s most trusted brands by connecting them to the right customers. To accommodate such a wide customer base, EDMO carries a comprehensive range of products including aircraft electronics, installation and bench supplies, wire and cable, tooling, test equipment, tactical communication solutions, pilot supplies, and ground support equipment.
Aviall is now Boeing, giving customers access to the industry’s premier distribution network. With more than a century of aerospace leadership, Boeing is a leading provider of aircraft parts, supplies, chemicals, tools and materials, including extensive lines of aviation oils, tires, batteries, hardware and more.LEARN MORE | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.flyajetfighter.com/russian-aircraft-makers-revealed-a-prototype-of-a-new-fighter-jet/ | 2023-12-01T07:46:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100276.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20231201053039-20231201083039-00229.warc.gz | 0.952628 | 1,028 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__225155008 | en | The US Air Force is looking for air space in Afghanistan8 November 2021
A New skin for jet fighters3 December 2021
Russian aircraft makers revealed a prototype of a new fighter jet that has stealth abilities and other advanced qualities and will be provided to international buyers.
European Leader Vladimir Putin inspected the prospective warplane exhibited with a lot fanfare in the MAKS-2021 Worldwide Aviation and Space Salon, which opened up Tuesday in Zhukovsky, outdoors Moscow.
Russian aircraft maker Sukhoi created the new mma fighter underneath the LTS system, a Russian abbreviation for your Light Strategic Aircraft.
Its makers said the prototype is set to make its maiden flight in 2023 and shipping and delivery could start in 2026. They stated the brand new style might be converted to an unpiloted edition along with a two-seat design.
The prospective warplane, promoted underneath the task title Checkmate, has a single engine and is made to be smaller sized and cheaper than Russia’s newest Su-57 two-motor stealth fighter, also constructed by Sukhoi. It may fly at a velocity of 1.8-2 times the rate of seem, has a variety of 3,000 kilometers (1,864 kilometers) along with a payload of 7,400 kgs (16,300 pounds), the jet’s makers said.
Russia’s Deputy Excellent Minister Yuri Borisov voiced hope the new fighter might be marketed to India, Vietnam and African countries, adding that foreign customers are anticipated to purchase a minimum of 300 such airplane. Borisov noted that one foreign consumer he didn’t name has already indicated a strong desire for the brand new jet.
The product sales of warplanes have accounted for the majority of Russian weaponry exports, however the two-motor Su-30 and Su-35 fighters have encountered expanding competition in worldwide marketplaces.
Industries and Trade Minister Denis Manturov said that the prospective fighter was being developed to contend with the You.S. F-35 Super II fighter that came into service in 2015, a new Chinese fighter, fly L-39 and other styles. “We must join other nations that market this kind of aircraft,” he said.
Sergei Chemezov, the head of Rostec state corporation that includes Sukhoi as well as other aircraft makers, said the brand new airplane is expected to cost $25-30 thousand. He said the Russian atmosphere pressure is also expected to place an order for your new fighter.
Russia’s Sukhoi and MiG aircraft makers only have produced two-engine fighters since the 1980s. Some experts observed it has positioned Russia at drawback in certain foreign markets in which customers favored cheaper a single-motor airplane.
Rostec stated the brand new warplane belongs to the so-called fifth generation of fighter jets, a description that presumes stealth characteristics along with a capability to luxury cruise at supersonic velocity, among other sophisticated functions.
The company noted the new style includes artificial intellect functions to assist the aviator as well as other revolutionary technologies. It stated the jet was created to lessen services expenses and also to be easily tailored to varying consumer needs.
Manturov observed the new design would incorporate some elements from the earlier fighters to help reduce cost.
Rostec ran an aggressive advertising campaign in the times prior to the air display, posting a picture from the new fighter hidden within a black tarpaulin with “Wanna see me nude?” written below it. It also published a youtube video offering adulatory clients from India, the United Arab Emirates, Argentina, Vietnam and other countries, reflecting export hopes.
Plane spotters flocked to Zhukovsky a week ago to consider photos from the new plane because it was being taxied to some parking place across the huge airfield which has offered as the country’s best military services aircraft test facility because Cold Battle times.
The Kremlin has made modernization from the country’s arsenals a key priority amid tensions with the Western that implemented Moscow’s 2014 annexation of Ukraine’s Crimean Peninsula.
It also has highly encouraged the creation of new passenger jets to compete with airplanes built by American airplane producer Boeing and Europe’s Airbus that currently take into account the bulk of Russian carriers’ fleets.
Russia’s airliner applications have experienced setbacks amid Traditional western sanctions that hampered imports of Traditional western motors as well as other key components. But the country handled to generate a new engine for the new MS-21 passenger airplane, which also was exhibited at the display in Zhukovsky.
“What we saw in Zhukovsky nowadays shows that the Russian aviation has a big potential for development and our aircraft creating industries continue to create new aggressive airplane designs,” Putin stated inside a speech at the show’s opening up.
If you have any thoughts relating to wherever and how to use fly mig, you can get hold of us at our own page. | aerospace | 1 |
http://m.973kissfm.com/articles/marks-blog-447391/its-like-a-scene-from-the-12137679/ | 2015-03-27T06:56:25 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-14/segments/1427131295619.33/warc/CC-MAIN-20150323172135-00129-ip-10-168-14-71.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.929201 | 161 | CC-MAIN-2015-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-14__0__150571037 | en | ASTRONAUT SUIT SPINS OUT OF CONTROL IN REAL LIFE GRAVITY SCENE _ An old NASA video is making the rounds -- and it's like a scene out of the movie Gravity. In the real-life video a cosmonaut floats away from the International space station, spinning out of control as the camera follows it. But unlike the scene in Gravity, no man was in this space suit, which orbited Earth for seven months before plunging into the atmosphere, burning and disintegrating.
... The launch of the SuitSat 1 happened on February 3, 2006. The concept behind SuitSat-1 was quite simple: put some simple electronics (radio communications system, telemetry) into a Russian Orlan spacesuit, then throw it out of the airlock. | | aerospace | 1 |
https://allaero.com/news/celebrating-pialatuss-79th-anniversary | 2022-05-23T21:41:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662561747.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20220523194013-20220523224013-00291.warc.gz | 0.964169 | 261 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__192106502 | en | Nestled in the Alps close to Lucerne in the shadow of Mount Pilatus is Switzerland’s first, and only, aircraft manufacturer which celebrates its 75th Anniversary today.
Formed in 1939 by the armament company Oerlikon-Bührle Pilatus was deliberately located as far as possible from the borders of the waring nations that surrounded Switzerland. Initially the new company was created to perform maintenance and repairs on Swiss Air Force aircraft. However by 1945 it had developed its own aircraft (the P2 trainer) and became the first and only-Swiss aircraft Manufacturer.
Since then Pilatus has created the famous PC-6 Porter (1959), the PC-9 trainer (which has been developed into the T-6 Texan), the PC-12 and their recently launched PC-24 light jet. Each of these aircraft maintains Pilatus’s reputation for rugged dependable aircraft to operate from the Alps challenging conditions with narrow, winding valleys, variable terrain, changeable wind currents and runaways (where they exist) often requiring steep approaches from one direction only.
To discover more about our Pilatus support please check the website for our stock levels or, alternatively, contact our sales team at [email protected]. | aerospace | 1 |
http://sky4buy.com/1960-Cessna-310D-with-Fresh-Props142754140314/013903 | 2019-06-16T01:26:32 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627997508.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20190616002634-20190616024634-00443.warc.gz | 0.963702 | 453 | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__173990538 | en | 1960 Cessna Relisted due to a non paying bidder who was unresponsive to emails and ignored the.
1960 Cessna 310D with 4997.8 TTAF. Last annual May of 2014. Fresh serviced props installed March 17th 2018. I was going to do an annual and start flying this 310, but plans have changed.
Extensive annual in 2014 that returned the aircraft to flight after several years of being out of annual, where the landing gear was completely disassembled, stripped, inspected, primed, painted, and reassembled with new bushings and hardware. This included the painting of landing gear wells and rigging. Fuel hoses, scat tubing, etc. replaced at the same time.
Engines rebuilt by Continental to zero time in 1978. Both engines now at 2253 SMOH. Low compression cylinder overhauled at last annual and re-installed. Fuel control units, throttle body, fuel pump, and other components also overhauled at the same time.
Hartzell HC-A2VF-2 propellers were redone in November 2015 but not installed until two weekends ago (other props were used previously). They"ve been ground run and cycled.
Panel is IFR capable with a wing leveler autopilot.
I flew this 310 on a ferry flight from Texas to its current base in Arizona with no issues and was a bit surprised how much quicker it was than the 310A model I"ve known.
Full logs on engines and props. Airframe log starts 1983 with 3394 TTAF. I might have the previous airframe log, but haven"t seen it yet.
If you"re going to fly it out on a ferry permit, I have stands available to do the gear swing check. Not an A&P myself, but can connect you to one for the permit sign off.
Aircraft is located at KRYN and available for inspection prior to bid.
Parking is paid through the end of the month and is $50 per month thereafter. Depending on location and timing, it might be possible for me to have the aircraft delivered for cost of fuel and return airfare.
Current date: 2018-04-12 | aerospace | 1 |
https://regtechglobal.com/spacex-starship-sn8-exploded-after-minutes-in-the-air/ | 2024-04-15T22:25:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817033.56/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415205332-20240415235332-00879.warc.gz | 0.970604 | 750 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__3018519 | en | Space X has launched its first SpaceX Starship SN8 prototype on Wednesday in Texas. The rocket lifted to a high altitude with no major problems. However, after only a couple of minutes in the air, the SN8 exploded as it attempted to land. Cause? Most likely a technical issue in the Raptor engine.
Everything was going well for the Starship prototype until the rocket began its preparation for landing. The video that circulated the internet on Thursday morning shows that the rocket’s descent began as controlled, however, it quickly caught fire and disappeared in the raging flames.
7 Minutes And 12,500 Meters
The whole test lasted under 7 minutes. Initially, the rocket was meant to reach an altitude of 12, 500 meters. While the first reports doubted whether it has achieved that, the latest news report that it has, indeed, reached the desired 12,5 kilometers. Wednesday was the second day of testing, with the initial attempt to launch the rocket a day earlier. However, an issue with a Raptor engine was detected by the system Tuesday. Thus, one second before the planned launch, an automatic abort occurred.
Musk Thrilled With The Result Of The Test
The main figure at SpaceX, Elon Musk, appeared thrilled, even though the test ended with a dramatic explosion. He tweeted “Mars, here we come!!” and stated that the company has all the data they needed.
Must Explain What Went Wrong Under The Short Test Flight
Musk has also used his official Twitter account to briefly explain what went wrong with the test flight. He wrote that the “fuel header tank pressure was low”, as the Starship prototype prepared for landing, “causing touchdown velocity to be high”. Hence, causing the SN8 explosion.
The Starship prototype is a 16-story-tall rocket that is in the future expected to be able to carry up to 100 tons of cargo to the moon or Mars. As The Guardian reports, SpaceX’s project to develop the Starship SN8 prototype has even been funded by Nasa, with the amount of $135 million.
Musk has warned that an unplanned disassembly was fully possible long before the tests.
Raptor Engine Issues
Shortly before the fight started, one of the three Raptor engines stopped firing. A few minutes later, the second Raptor engine shut down and eventually, the final Raptor did too. That is when the rocket began to free-fall back to Earth. According to Musk, each of the shutdowns of the Raptor engines was intentional. However, that did not stop the rocket from reaching the scheduled height of 12.5 kilometers.
Unfortunately, the burn that was scheduled to slow down the prototype on its way down and allow for the safe landing did not do its job efficiently, hence the explosion, as reported by CNet.
Many Companies Planning To Make Their Mark In Space Travel
SpaceX has also recently been acquiring properties in a village on the outskirts of the US-Mexico border in Texas to make room for Starship facilities to come.
Having said that, SpaceX is not the only company actively performing tests to find the most affordable, safe, and efficient ways for space travel. The company has two main competitors. One is Blue Origin, owned by no other than Jeff Bezos himself. The other major competitor is Dynetcis owned by Leidos.
So, what is next on SpaceX’s agenda? Considering that Musk appears delighted by Wednesday’s test, despite the final, the company will try to test flight their next Starship prototype, SN9, as they continue on their quest to be the first company to fly people to Mars. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.energia.ru/en/iss/iss04/vittori.html | 2021-06-24T11:34:16 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623488553635.87/warc/CC-MAIN-20210624110458-20210624140458-00628.warc.gz | 0.94766 | 616 | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__187128854 | en | Lieutenant Colonel in the Italian Air Force,
ESA astronaut, Italy
DATE AND PLACE OF BIRTH: October 15, 1964, Viterbo, Italy.
EDUCATION: Graduated from the Italian Air Force Academy in 1989. Completed basic training with the US Air Force
at Reese Air Force Base in Texas, US, in 1990. Graduated from the US Navy Test Pilot School in 1995. Completed the
Italian Air Force's Accident Prevention course (Guidonia A.F.B., Italy) and Accident Investigation course (Kirtland
A.F.B., New Mexico, US) between 1996 and 1997.
FAMILY STATUS: married.
Wife - Valeria Vittori.
Sons - Eduardo and Davido, born 1993 and 1996.
AWARDS AND RANKS: Academic award for completion of training
at Reese Air Base, Texas. Honorary student of the Test Pilot
School in Patuxent River, Maryland. Honorary student of
the US Flight Safety School, Kirtland Air Force Base, New
Mexico. Long Service medal from Italian Air Force (1997).
HOBBIES: soccer, jogging, swimming, reading.
WORK EXPERIENCE: From 1991 to 1994 he flew Tornado GR-1
aircraft as a member of squadron 155, regiment 50, Piacenza,
Italy. During that period he completed training on in-flight
refueling both during daytime and at night and was assigned
to be a formation leader.
In 1995 he completed his training in US Air Force test pilot
school. Then, till 1998, he served in the Italian Test Center
as a pilot involved in the development of a new European
airplane Eurofighter 2000. From 1996 to 1998 he was a national
representative in the research and development program for
In 1997 he enrolled in US Air Force flight safety school
and during the period of 1997 to 1998 he served as a regimental
flight safety officer at the Italian Flight Center. In addition
to this, he taught aerodynamics within the framework of
the Italian Air Force course on Accident Investigation.
He has logged more than 2000 hours in different aircraft,
including F-104, GR-1 Tornado, F-18, AMX, M-2000, G-222
In July 1998 he was selected as an astronaut by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) in cooperation with ESA, and one month
later he joined the European Astronaut Corps.
In August 1998 he was relocated to NASA's Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas for participation in a training
program for Shuttle and ISS missions, where he was trained as a mission specialist.
In August 2001 he arrived at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center to start his training as Flight Engineer 1 of Soyuz
TM third visiting mission to ISS. This is his first space mission.
Based on materials from Gagarin Cosmonaut Training Center | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.ainonline.com/aviation-news/business-aviation/2020-03-18/head-wearable-display-obtains-first-certification | 2020-10-24T18:39:06 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-45/segments/1603107884322.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20201024164841-20201024194841-00328.warc.gz | 0.941706 | 1,536 | CC-MAIN-2020-45 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-45__0__93006534 | en | Universal Avionics Systems has received European Union Aviation Safety Agency certification for its ClearVision enhanced flight vision system (EFVS) with SkyLens head-wearable display, the first time that a head-wearable display has been certified for civil aviation. The certification is on the ATR 72/42 regional airliner.
This approval will allow operators to use the “visual advantage” available with the ClearVision EFVS to initiate instrument approaches or take off in lower flight visibility, which will help operators meet schedules and avoid having to divert to alternate airports. Operators will also be able to use the system for enhanced vision system- or EVS-to-land capability, allowing landings in poor visibility without using natural vision to look outside the aircraft.
The ClearVision EFVS works with traditional head-up displays (HUD), head-down (instrument-panel-mounted) displays, and Universal’s SkyLens head-wearable display (HWD). ClearVision can display enhanced vision and synthetic vision system imagery, and it can blend those images in a combined-vision format. An advantage of the SkyLens HWD is that its field of view is not limited, as is the case with a traditional HUD or head-down displays. The SkyLens field of view (or “field of regard,” as Universal describes it) is basically unlimited and depends on where the pilot is looking.
“The certification of our EFVS with SkyLens is a breakthrough in commercial aviation,” said Universal CEO Dror Yahav. “Aircraft operators can now take advantage of major enhanced-flight-vision capabilities and safety improvements with our proven ClearVision solution. This marks the first civil certification of an HWD and the first EVS-to-land solution for line-fit passenger aircraft. [This is] a major milestone in innovation in aviation.”
The first airline to implement SkyLens, Guernsey-based Aurigny, is the launch customer for the Universal Avionics HWD. After the airline gains experience flying with SkyLens to the allowable 100-feet-above-ground level, which is the same as for traditional HUDs, pilots will then transition to EVS-to-land operations, according to Yahav.
“The interesting thing about airlines,” he explained, “is that each one has a different problem to solve. The value proposition for EFVS differs between operators.” For example, some airliners face foggy conditions during morning and night departures or challenges taxiing in fog or at night. Others need a higher safety margin for night operations in high-terrain areas. SkyLens can help airlines where their busy hubs’ capacity is cut in half when weather conditions deteriorate from VMC to IMC.
“Using EFVS technology will allow airlines access to runways that are not accessible at the moment,” he said. “They will be able to maintain a level of capacity, make sure they meet gate times and flow their operation, and save a lot of money.”
In addition to the HWD’s unlimited field of view, another advantage is that it can be fitted to many more types of aircraft than a traditional, heavier, ceiling-mounted HUD. Many airliners and business jets have a HUD on only one side of the flight deck, and customers are asking Universal to certify SkyLens in other aircraft types so both pilots can use HUDs/HWDs and see the same information.
“To retrofit [an aircraft] with HUD is too expensive,” Yahav said, “and not technically feasible.” He sees a potential airline market for 22,000 airplanes.
In the business aviation market, he added, there are many airplanes that either never were HUD-equipped or that have obsolete HUDs and camera systems. “This is providing an opportunity for business jet operators to upgrade to the latest technology at a reasonable cost,” he said. “Take an airplane you like to the latest configuration, and you get all the benefits; like when you purchase a new airplane.”
The helicopter market is going to be a big opportunity for SkyLens, Yahav said. While HUDs, in general, are not relevant for helicopters, he explained, SkyLens can still offer significant benefits.
Using EFVS, helicopter pilots could fly with SkyLens in marginal VFR, low-visibility conditions and receive credit as if the weather were better. “It’s not IFR credit,” he said, but it could help medevac and search-and-rescue operators save lives. SkyLens would also enhance nighttime operations.
Universal Avionics is working on three helicopter certification programs for ClearVision and SkyLens in Europe. Two are for Leonardo’s AW139 and AW169 and one for a German police Airbus Super Puma. With MD Helicopters selecting Universal Avionics to provide the avionics suite for the MD 902, that helicopter will be a likely candidate for SkyLens, according to Yahav.
Helicopter pilots have conducted 200 to 300 hours of flight testing so far in the above helicopters and an FAA Sikorsky S-76 and on Universal’s own helicopters. “We got a lot of information,” he said. “Those pilots are the easiest community to convince. They fly at night and they’re scared of wires and obstacles; add rain and low visibility and they don’t see anything. But somebody is begging to be picked up. Push a button and suddenly you see what’s going on outside.”
Another benefit of night capability made possible by SkyLens is firefighting. It is difficult for fixed- and rotary-wing pilots to descend close enough to attack a fire at night without severely eroding safety margins. ClearVision EFVS and SkyLens will help pilots see surrounding terrain via synthetic vision and the location of the fire, thanks to the infrared sensors. Night-vision goggle imagery will also be available to display on SkyLens.
FAA approval of SkyLens is expected soon because most of the work has already been done with EASA. Both agencies worked together on the proof-of-concept program that identified the two key topics and the means of compliance needed to be addressed for certification, which are line-of-sight tracking and human factors, according to Yahav. Basically, Universal Avionics had to demonstrate that the HWD is equivalent to a HUD.
Testing took about a year and satisfied those topics using a Moog vibration platform for human factors testing, lots of simulator flight testing for assessing different risk and malfunction scenarios, and then in an airplane with EASA and FAA pilots flying with the SkyLens HWD with their windshield completely covered. With a safety pilot carefully monitoring, the EASA and FAA pilots were able to do EVS-to-land operations all the way through touchdown and rollout just using the SkyLens.
Universal Avionics is also working on an STC for the system in its Gulfstream III, due in October, and a Boeing 737 installation with a dual SkyLens system. The latter should be certified by the end of the year.
For pilot training, Universal has developed a program that includes online training, virtual reality practice, then practice in a flight training device. The training could include some practice in a full flight simulator, but that is expensive and might not be necessary. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.waldorff.com/qejon59501.html | 2022-01-17T01:15:09 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320300253.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20220117000754-20220117030754-00541.warc.gz | 0.959088 | 213 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__163945137 | en | The airport has been served by commercial airlines in the past.
Beside the airport proper, this includes a royal terminal, facilities of the Royal Saudi Air Force, and housing facilities for the airport staff.
Meridian Regional Airport was established in 1928 and opened in November 1930 with the completion of the terminal, hangar, powerhouse and a graded and packed dirt runway.
Vnukovo was opened on 1 July 1941.
Massena International-Richards Field covers an area of 752 acres 304 ha at an elevation of 222 feet 68 m above mean sea level.
The airfield is the former Royal Air Force Station Tiree which was requisitioned in 1940 and became operational in April 1942 before being transferred to Ministry of Civil Aviation in 1947.
Taxis are available around the clock and take around 15 minutes to get to the city centre.
As per Federal Aviation Administration records, the airport had 971 passenger boardings enplanements in calendar year 2008, 3,252 enplanements in 2009, and 3,350 in 2010. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.news-gazette.com/news/local/2013-12-18/illini-alum-stepping-out-fix-space-station.html | 2017-04-25T15:32:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120461.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00347-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.966546 | 1,070 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__262139171 | en | Illini alum stepping out to fix space station
Hopkins' first spacewalk is set for this Saturday
Illinois' favorite astronaut will strap on a spacesuit and go for a 6-hour walk outside of the International Space Station on Saturday.
NASA has ordered up a series of what it termed urgent spacewalks to fix a broken cooling line at the station. Officials decided Tuesday to send former Illini football team captain Mike Hopkins and fellow American astronaut Rick Mastracchio out as soon as possible to replace a pump with a bad valve.
It's a major repair that will require two or three spacewalks — which NASA has scheduled for Saturday, Monday and possibly Christmas Day.
Hopkins, a first-time space flier, and Mastracchio, a veteran spacewalker, trained for just such a repair before rocketing into orbit. They have been prepping all week, just in case they got the call from Houston.
That first spacewalk will be an experience Hopkins won't soon forget. Take it from fellow UI-alum-turned-astronaut Joe Tanner. The Danville native performed seven of them during four shuttle missions — and still remembers the nerves of No. 1 vividly.
"What you're not ready for is the actual emotional experience of being in the vacuum of space and how cool that is," Tanner said Tuesday night from Colorado, where he now works as a university professor. "When you first pop out of the hatch, you know this is a different environment."
But, Tanner was quick to add, "I would love to be in his place."
NASA defines spacewalks as "any time an astronaut gets out of a vehicle in space." Dale Gardner (UI Class of 1970) and Tanner (Class of '73) both did it, and now Hopkins (Class of '91) is set to join them at roughly 6:10 a.m. CST Saturday in the first of three 6-hour walks. Each will be broadcast live on NASA TV.
The Expedition 38 astronauts' new mission is to fix a broken cooling line at the space station. That requires replacing a pump with a bad valve with one of the spares they keep onboard. This is the same bulky 780-pound pump that was replaced by spacewalking astronauts in 2010. Three spacewalks were needed then.
NASA hopes Hopkins and Mastracchio can make the swap in two trips and not have to spend the holiday working outside. Astronauts have ventured outside of their spaceship on Dec. 25 only once — in 1973 during Skylab, America's first space station. In 1999, shuttle astronauts finished a series of spacewalks on the Hubble Space Telescope on Christmas Eve.
Half of the space station's cooling system shut down last Wednesday, forcing the six-man crew to turn off all nonessential equipment, including some science experiments. Because of the valve failure, one of the two cooling lines became too cold. The cooling system is critical for dispelling heat generated by on-board equipment.
Despite the malfunction, NASA stressed the astronauts remain safe and comfortable. But it wants the system back up to full strength, in case of another failure that could leave the orbiting outpost more vulnerable than it is right now.
Tanner's first two spacewalks were to repair and make upgrades on the Hubble Space Telescope. His other five were assembly missions for the International Space Station. All were planned except for one — to repair a mechanism that failed after the first walk on that flight.
That was a different era — and required different training. Space shuttle crews, Tanner said, spent about seven hours in a large pool (the Neutral Buoyancy Lab) for every hour they spent outside their spacecraft. Space station crew members get much less training, he added.
"They have no idea what they might have to do, so they are trained on more general skills," Tanner said. "They can be as good as the shuttle crews were but generally are not as efficient due to less training time."
Another difference between Tanner's time in space and Hopkins' — how America followed the drama.
Tanner cherished that one video conference he was able to have with his family during each mission. Hopkins, meanwhile, has taken to Twitter several times a week, cheering on the Illini and sharing his experiences with 37,002 followers of @AstroIllini.
Unfortunately, those stunning photos he's been posting lately — of a volcano in Chile, a glacier in Patagonia, nighttime in Europe — might be all his fans see for a while. The spacewalks will take priority over everything — from the launch of a supply ship from Virginia to Hopkins' tweets.
"The next week will be busy with space walks so not much tweeting from here," Mastracchio wrote from space Tuesday.
Live from space
You watched him lay out wide receivers for John Mackovic's Illini. Now, see Mike Hopkins on his first spacewalk high above Earth.
Where:NASA TV, which is available online at nasa.gov.
When:Broadcast begins at 5:15 a.m. CST Saturday. Walk is set for 6:10 a.m.
The Associated Press contributed to this story. | aerospace | 1 |
http://minnickarticles.blogspot.com/2009/09/malaysia-expects-big-lima.html | 2019-10-17T12:41:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-43/segments/1570986675316.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20191017122657-20191017150157-00223.warc.gz | 0.910865 | 554 | CC-MAIN-2019-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-43__0__128308288 | en | Malaysia Expects Big LIMA
BY WENDELL MINNICK
TAIPEI — When the 9th Langkawi International Maritime and Aerospace Exhibition (LIMA 07) opens on the resort island of Langkawi, Malaysia, on Dec. 4, its new managers expect to double the number of exhibitors and visitors from 2005.
Officials with World Aerospace Sdn Bhd. say this year’s show will draw more than 800 exhibitors from 30 countries, up from 400 exhibitors and 40 official delegations from 30 countries.
“We expect to attract about 50,000 to 60,000 aviation, aerospace and defense professionals from the region compared with over 30,000 in LIMA 2005,” company Chairman Tan Sri Kamaruzzaman Shariff said in a news release.
The exhibition center has added 8,000 square meters for a total of 30,000, allowing new pavilions for space systems, UAVs and maintenance technology.
The show will feature 85 aircraft from 20 countries, including Norway, Singapore, Sweden and Thailand. The 32 warships from nine countries on display will include an Indian Kilo-class sub and South Korea’s largest naval ship, the 14,000-ton Dokdo Ham amphibious landing and transport vessel, commissioned in July.
Malaysia is pulling out the stops for this show, held in the 50th anniversary year of the country’s independence. The Royal Malaysian Air Force will give aerial demonstrations of its MiG-29N Fulcrums, F/A-18D Hornets and new Su-30MKM Flankers. The first six Su-30s of an 18-jet 2003 order arrived in June and are based at Gong Kedak Air Base at the Terengganu- Kelantan border.
The Air Force will also display its UAVs for the first time, some Hawk 108s and 208s, and older aircraft, including the CL-4G Tebuan, F-86 Sabre and the A-4 Skyhawk.
LIMA 07 will showcase its first astronaut, Sheikh Muszaphar Shukor Sheikh Mustapha.
Aerial demonstrations will include the British Royal Air Force’s Red Arrows, making their final stop after a yearlong tour of the Middle East and Asia, and the India Air Force Suryakiran (Sun Rays) aerobatics team.
Performing at the show for the first time, the Suryakiran fly Kiren Mark II basic jet trainers that are scheduled to be replaced after 2010 by the Intermediate Jet Trainer being built by Hindustan Aeronautics. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.tfmetalsreport.com/forum/5753/russian-proton-rocket-failure | 2019-02-21T07:30:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-09/segments/1550247503249.58/warc/CC-MAIN-20190221071502-20190221093502-00064.warc.gz | 0.943685 | 327 | CC-MAIN-2019-09 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-09__0__178784358 | en | Reports of a Russian Proton rocket launch failure this evening.
I do not speak Russian and can not translate the launch commentary.
However, I located the Proton rocket launch profile.
The video shows launch of the rocket and continues until roughly 5 min 28 sec of flight.
You can clearly see the second stage rocket firing until about 5 min 22 sec (5 min 28 sec on the video). This moment in the Proton launch profile appears to correlate to shut down of the second stage and ignition of the third stage motor. Therefore, a plume appears in the video at 5 min 30 sec, two seconds after the light from the second stage engine stops.
I conclude that the Russian space launch capability is having severe problems. Resources appear to be focused on Soyuz but the safety of the Soyuz vehicle for man rating requires an explanation from the Russians on the significant number of Proton rocket failures over the past three years. We need to insure that US astronauts are safe in flying on Soyuz.
This video has been previously posted on this blog but I am including it here for reference. This video was captured by someone and posted at Youtube.
discussion on Proton M failures - tonight's is the SIXTH launch failure in 4 years.
May not matter to US astronauts much longer, what with the warmongers stirring up Ukraine. I believe Putin has mentioned that the current contract runs out in 2020, and he isn't renewing it.
A few dozen more [black|gray|yellow]water mercs in Kiev, and he may just cancel the joy ride ticket now. | aerospace | 1 |
https://wvpress.org/wvpa-sharing/media-alert-w-va-joint-committee-on-technology-to-hear-update-on-states-first-satellite/ | 2024-04-20T16:12:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817670.11/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420153103-20240420183103-00212.warc.gz | 0.947807 | 509 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__126599762 | en | CHARLESTON, W.Va. — The 13 members of the West Virginia Legislature’s Joint Committee on Technology — on Tuesday at 2 p.m. — will hear an update from the lead engineers and scientists who built the state’s first satellite.
TMC Technologies Program Manager and Systems Engineer Scott Zemerick, NASA Principal Engineer Justin Morris and Lead Engineer Matt Grubb of Reliable Systems, Inc. will update the state’s Legislative body on the recently launched and operational Simulation-to-Flight 1 (STF-1) satellite — the state’s first spacecraft.
The Joint Committee on Technology is scheduled to meet at 2 p.m., Tuesday at the State Capitol in Senate Finance Committee Room number M451.
STF-1 was one of several payloads the California-based Rocket Lab’s Electron vehicle, dubbed NASA’s Educational Launch of Nanosatellites mission (ELaNA-19) carried into orbit at 1:30 a.m. on Dec. 17.
The spacecraft was built thanks to a collaboration between NASA’s Independent Verification and Validation Facility and West Virginia University, the NASA West Virginia Space Grant Consortium and TMC Technologies located in Marion County.
With the satellite in orbit, scientists and engineers are now finally able to carry out the experiments planned for STF-1. However, for the NASA team, at least, developing the satellite was an experiment of its own.
“We were able to simulate hardware on the ground and prove that you can write software on those simulators and actually put it on the CubeSat flight,” Zemerick said.
TMC Technologies President and CEO Wade Linger said he was proud his company was playing a critical role in the development of the STF-1 cube satellite program.
“TMC is excited that its software-simulation work for the NASA IV&V program can be leveraged for small space satellites,” Linger, who previously served as president of the West Virginia Board of Education, said.
The Joint Committee on Technology meeting will be streamed via the West Virginia Legislatures electronic services which can be found at the following link: http://www.wvlegislature.gov/live.cfm.
For more information, please contact Wade Linger, President and CEO of TMC Technologies of West Virginia by phone at (304) 816-3600 or email at [email protected]. | aerospace | 1 |
https://whatsnew2day.com/jet-skids-off-runway-after-crash-landing-at-international-airport-with-everyone-on-board-surviving/ | 2023-12-02T03:38:28 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100309.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202010506-20231202040506-00101.warc.gz | 0.963571 | 539 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__15765684 | en | The moment a passenger plane skidded off the runway after a forced landing at an international airport, with everyone on board surviving
- A plane crashed dramatically in Somalia, apparently after its landing gear failed
- Despite the terrible accident, all 30 passengers and four crew members on board survived.
This is the amazing moment when a passenger plane crashed at Mogadishu International Airport.
Video captured the plane’s dramatic slide across the runway in Somalia as the pilot struggled to land the plane safely at Aden Adde airport on July 11.
Despite the shocking accident, all 30 passengers and four crew members on board were reported to have survived, with only two “minor injuries” needing treatment.
The crash was reported to be caused by faulty landing gear.
The images show the plane crossing the runway and breaking through a wall that borders it.
The image shows the plane sliding down the runway, allegedly after a problem with the landing gear.
The plane, reportedly affected by a tailwind, turns as it approaches the border fence.
As the plane crosses the runway, its wing makes contact with the fence, causing the plane to spin.
The rear of the plane then hits the fence bringing it to a dramatic stop.
Parts of the plane seem to break loose and shoot past the rigid edge.
Images of the aftermath showed the extent of the damage to the Halla Airlines plane.
The fuselage appears to have been broken from behind, and from another angle, the cockpit appears to have collapsed.
Video also showed a fire truck and emergency workers on the scene afterwards.
The plane is believed to have been on a domestic flight from Puntland in northern Somalia.
Somali state media later confirmed that the Halla Airlines plane skidded off the runway.
Industry insiders have named the aircraft an Embraer EMB 120, as reported in The express.
world flight noted that the conditions were good at the time, with ‘good visibility’ but 17kt winds from the south-southwest, which they say would have generated a ‘tailwind’.
On July 18, 2022, a Fokker 50 operated by Jubba Airways similarly crashed at Aden Abbe International Airport in Mogadishu, with all 36 on board surviving.
While landing, the wind from the plane hit the ground and broke up, causing the plane to roll off the runway.
US Army personnel were coincidentally present, undergoing medical training, and were able to help evacuate the passengers.
Halla Airlines plane crashed into the wall around the runway
MailOnline contacted Halla Airlines for comment. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.spacefoundation.org/2021/06/16/sierra-space-and-rhodium-scientific-sign-agreement-exploring-viability-of-science-operations-on-sierra-space-life-habitat/ | 2024-04-19T17:55:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817442.65/warc/CC-MAIN-20240419172411-20240419202411-00722.warc.gz | 0.88467 | 1,207 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__165874284 | en | Sierra Space and Rhodium Scientific Sign Agreement Exploring Viability of Science Operations on Sierra Space LIFE™ Habitat
Written by: Space Foundation Editorial Team
LOUISVILLE, CO., June 16, 2021 – Sierra Space Corporation (Sierra Space), the new commercial space subsidiary of global aerospace and national security leader Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC), today announced the signing of a joint agreement with Rhodium Scientific, an innovative provider of space microgravity science mission and logistics services.
Specializing in space-based scientific research, Rhodium Scientific will test the viability of science operations on Sierra Space’s LIFE habitat for scientific payloads planned to fly to space on a future CRS-2 mission. Combining the innovation and expertise of Sierra Space’s LIFE Habitat and mission operations facilities with Rhodium Scientifics experience in science payload development and management using industry-level quality assurance, provides a unique opportunity to leverage Sierra Space operational capabilities with science operations.
Sierra Space’s Dream Chaser® spaceplane and LIFE habitat platforms paired with Rhodium Scientific’s “science first” modality enables a scalable testing and production model required to advance the low Earth orbit (LEO) commercial economy.
“Sierra Space continues to build momentum in the marketplace with its ‘space-as-a-service’ business model, and is very pleased to work with Rhodium Scientific, an innovative pioneer in space biotech. Our agreement is a significant step forward in leveraging the flexible and expandable Sierra Space LIFE habitat for in-space scientific research and analysis and we look forward to working with Rhodium Scientific on a host of shared opportunities in the future,” said Dr. Janet Kavandi, Executive Vice President of Sierra Space.
This memorandum of understanding (“MOU”) in the life sciences and scientific research operations industry is among new commercial agreements for Sierra Space across multiple industries – including space-enabled manufacturing, biopharma and life sciences research and scientific operations, on-orbit satellite servicing assembly and manufacturing, and microgravity research. SNC announced last month the transition of its space business to Sierra Space, a new commercial space company.
“Rhodium Scientific shares a vision with Sierra Space for the new space economy and is very pleased to enter into this new agreement and explore the business and scientific opportunities that lie ahead with our leading-edge research and the LIFE habitat,” said Olivia Gamez Holzhaus, CEO and Founder of Rhodium Scientific. “As an innovator in the commercial space biotech industry, we see great promise for a wide range of research in-space and in partnershipwith Sierra Space.”
Rhodium Scientific is a leader in commercializing scientific discovery in space, specializing in Life Sciences, with seven successfully completed missions in 2020. Rhodium Scientific brings a unique heritage of laboratory facility workflow and equipment optimization that will establish science-focused capabilities. These ground analog efforts will lay the foundation required to demonstrate how Sierra Space and Rhodium Scientific can transition terrestrial research programs into a microgravity research pipeline in the areas of drug discovery, regenerative medicine and biomanufacturing.
Sierra Space recently announced plans for the first free-flying commercial space station in low-Earth orbit that includes multiple LIFE habitats and docking ports for Dream Chaser and other visiting vehicles and modules. The space station is modular, flexible and provides a large environment for living and working and open to industries like pharmaceuticals, space tourism and agriculture.
For more information, visit www.sncorp.com.
About Sierra Space
Sierra Space is a new independent commercial space company, created from the space capabilities of Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC). Leveraging breakthrough technologies including the Dream Chaser® spaceplane and expandable LIFE™ habitat, Sierra Space builds and delivers the future of space transportation, destinations and infrastructure for LEO commercialization. Its turnkey, space-as-a-service solutions are modular, scalable and reusable, opening space to new participants globally. With 30+ years of proven spaceflight heritage, Sierra Space has provided more than 4,000 systems, subsystems and components to customers worldwide, and participated in more than 500 missions to space, including to Mars. Sierra Space is a subsidiary of global aerospace and national security leader Sierra Nevada Corporation.
About Rhodium Scientific, LLC
Rhodium Scientific, LLC, is a biotechnology company located in Houston, Texas. The company is a woman, Hispanic-American owned small business specializing in life science, mission integration, and hardware services that enables the frontier of microgravity research and production. Since 2014, the Rhodium Scientific team has developed and managed 400+ scientific projects, participated in over 20 missions to space, and has established a portfolio of flight-certified hardware capable of facilitating a broad range of biotech industry requirements. Led by scientists and industry experts, Rhodium Scientific offers clients mission-science resources and strategic partnerships to effectively navigate the unique challenges associated with space-based research. For more information, visit https://rhodiumscientific.com.
About Sierra Nevada Corporation (SNC)
Owned by Chairwoman and President Eren Ozmen and CEO Fatih Ozmen, SNC is a trusted leader in engineering answers to the world’s toughest challenges, through customer-focused technologies and best-of-breed integrations in aerospace and defense and national security space. For nearly 60 years, SNC technology has delivered state-of-the-art civil, military and commercial solutions. SNC has received numerous awards and distinctions innovation, customer satisfaction and leadership including being named a US Best Managed Company for two consecutive years. In spring 2021, SNC announced the transition of its Space Systems business area to an independent commercial space company, Sierra Space. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.westernaerorepair.com/kim-balfanz | 2019-08-21T01:27:13 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315695.36/warc/CC-MAIN-20190821001802-20190821023802-00370.warc.gz | 0.956034 | 351 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__83055798 | en | KIM BALFANZ serves as the president of Western Aero Repair, one of the three aviation-focused Western Aero® portfolio companies she and her husband, Scott Balfanz own.
Over the course of her career, Kim has held a variety of positions in the aviation industry. In her role in the purchasing and administration divisions at Frontier Horizon, she learned the parts and repair station business from the ground-up. Dealing first-hand with repair stations and suppliers on lead times, warranty administration, vendor accountability, and delivery schedules, Kim built enough of an understanding of aviation parts and capabilities to land a position assisting the Director of Personnel at Frontier Airlines. Though Frontier Airlines dissolved and took her position with it, Kim's industry savvy and passion continued to evolve.
Kim has always shared the same entrepreneurial mindset of her husband, Scott. So when she moved on from her position at Frontier, she made the decision to go into business for herself, establishing a top-tier travel agency. She grew that agency with her business partner and sister, Debbie Lucas for five years, before selling it to launch Western Aero Repair with Scott. Kim’s deep aviation, travel industry, and executive management experience provided the ideal background for her role as president of Western Aero Repair. In that role, she leads an outstanding team of engineers, quality control and customer service professionals. She also works closely with Western Aero Services (focused on military and cargo aircraft parts and equipment) and American Jet Industries (focused on commercial aircraft parts and equipment), positioning all three of the Balfanz' portfolio companies as a 360-degree resource to every segment of the aviation community—with the highest quality aircraft parts and equipment sourcing and state-of-the-art repair services. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.halfbakery.com/idea/Target_20Tracking_20Pulselight | 2023-10-02T15:35:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511000.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231002132844-20231002162844-00009.warc.gz | 0.913787 | 277 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__168603301 | en | h a l f b a k e r y
Like gliding backwards through porridge.
add, search, annotate, link, view, overview, recent, by name, random
news, help, about, links, report a problem
or get an account
New planes have a feature called a pulselight, which pulses the landing light on and off. It is very easy to see from a long distance, but only if the plane is facing you. New planes also have ADS-B, which displays the location and altitude of other aircraft in the area. Now the actual idea: replace
the standard rotating beacon light on planes with a very bright landing light mounted on a swivel on the tail. Use the ADS-B to identify targets and point the pulselight at them. Traffic will suddenly become nearly impossible *not to see. It's like using a signal mirror to direct sunlight at someone's face.
||// What if there are multiple targets in the vicinity? //
||That's what AWACS is for - to separate the friendlies from the hostiles, so the Air National Guard has timely (if completely wrong) targeting information. | aerospace | 1 |
https://michaelwtravels.boardingarea.com/2016/02/jetblue-adds-daily-flights-quito-ecuador/ | 2022-12-02T17:37:56 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710909.66/warc/CC-MAIN-20221202150823-20221202180823-00271.warc.gz | 0.930135 | 280 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__19133116 | en | JetBlue offers flights to a variety of international destinations. I recently considering transferring my Amex Membership Rewards points to JetBlue to fly to a country like Haiti, Costa Rica, Ecuador or St Lucia. (Find out what I did with my Amex points here.)
Today JetBlue “announced the start of service to its newest destination, Quito Ecuador“, in a press release that I was sent earlier today.
Ecuador becomes the 22nd country that JetBlue serves. They’re also the only airline to operate daily flights between Fort Lauderdale, FL (FLL) and Quito, Ecuador (UIO).
JetBlue will fly the new route on an Airbus A320, which has 150 seats. Flights will include the usual free snacks and soft drinks as well as “free first-run Hollywood movies“.
Here is the schedule for the daily flights:
- FLL to UIO- Flight 2851: 7:00 pm arriving 10:34 pm
- UIO to FLL- Flight 2850: 11:59 pm arriving 5:17 am
Are you interested in flying on JetBlue’s newest route to Ecuador? If you’ve been to the country before, let us know what you thought about it!
Find out more about JetBlue flights to its newest route, Quito Ecuador here. | aerospace | 1 |
https://airnation.com/blog/boeing-air-new-zealand-celebrate-first-787-9-dreamliner-delivery/ | 2024-04-20T23:53:55 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296817688.24/warc/CC-MAIN-20240420214757-20240421004757-00556.warc.gz | 0.920703 | 481 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__46168350 | en | Boeing celebrated the first 787-9 Dreamliner delivery today with launch customer Air New Zealand. About 1,000 Boeing employees representing the 787 program joined Air New Zealand executives and guests at a unique celebration of this milestone event.
“We are proud to be the launch customer for the 787-9,” said Air New Zealand Chief Financial Officer Rob McDonald. “We believe it will be a game-changer for Air New Zealand, with increased levels of fuel efficiency and passenger comfort. We look forward to inviting our customers on board to experience the aircraft and all of its benefits for themselves.”
Air New Zealand’s Rolls-Royce powered 787-9 is part of the airline’s fleet modernization effort. This 787-9, painted in a unique black livery, is the first of 10 Dreamliners to join Air New Zealand’s fleet. The airline said the airplane will operate the Auckland–Perth route in October 2014 and to both Tokyo and Shanghai in November 2014.
“This delivery is a tribute to the hard work and dedication of our employees, suppliers and Air New Zealand,” said John Wojick, senior vice president of Global Sales and Marketing, Boeing Commercial Airplanes. “Air New Zealand was a perfect partner for us in developing the 787-9, given its innovative spirit, unique mission requirements and geography. The 787-9, combined with Air New Zealand’s exceptional onboard service, will set them apart from the competition by providing an unrivaled flying experience.”
The 787-9 complements and extends the 787 family. With the fuselage stretched by 20 feet (6 meters) over the 787-8, the 787-9 will fly up to 40 more passengers an additional 450 nautical miles (830 km) with the same exceptional environmental performance — 20 percent less fuel use and 20 percent fewer emissions than similarly sized airplanes.
The 787-9 leverages the visionary design of the 787-8, offering passengers features such as large windows, large stow bins, modern LED lighting, higher humidity, a lower cabin altitude, cleaner air and a smoother ride.
Twenty-six customers from around the world have ordered 409 787-9s, accounting for 40 percent of all 787 orders. | aerospace | 1 |
https://12wws.com/2015/11/26/downed-russian-pilot-says-no-caution-given-turkey-releases-audio-of-warning/ | 2021-06-17T23:50:24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-25/segments/1623487634576.73/warc/CC-MAIN-20210617222646-20210618012646-00587.warc.gz | 0.973468 | 495 | CC-MAIN-2021-25 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-25__0__120586080 | en | ANKARA, Turkey, Nov. twenty five (UPI) — The Turkish authorities on Wednesday introduced what it said was a recording of a radio warning offered to the pilots of a Russian jet just before it was shot down in rebel territory near the nation’s border with Syria.
The Su-24 fighter jet was qualified Tuesday and crashed in contested territory in Turkey’s southeast. Two pilots on board ejected from and survived the crash, but one was killed when the pair arrived below little arms assault from rebels on the floor.
“A single on board was wounded when he parachuted down and [was] killed in a savage way on the floor by jihadists in the location,” Aleksandr Orlov, Russia’s ambassador in France, stated.
Capt. Konstantin Murakhtin stated he and fellow pilot Lt. Col. Oleg Peshkov had been not offered any visual or radio warnings by the Turkish federal government. He also denied flying into Turkish airspace due to the fact the pilots realized the region “like the back again of their hand.”
Turkish govt officers, although, said the pilots had been provided many warnings ahead of the jet was shot down. Wednesday, they launched what they stated are audio recordings of the warnings.
“This is Turkish Air Force talking … You are approaching Turkish airspace,” a voice on the recording said.
Turkish officials mentioned the same warning was recurring every thirty seconds for five minutes ahead of they determined to shoot the airplane down.
The incident transpired as tensions in between Syria and Turkey, and Russia and the United States, continue to be strained. Washington is a vocal advocate of the overthrow of Syrian President Bashar Assad — a regime allied to Moscow.
U.S. officers, who think the audio recordings are reliable, have supported Turkey’s position in the issue.
A Russian Maritime dispatched to rescue the pilots was also killed in the procedure. He was aboard a helicopter sent to the area to discover the downed pilots.
Officials also declared Wednesday that Russia will deploy to the area its most modern day air defense method, the S-four hundred cell anti-plane missile, which is designed to strike targets at lengthy variety.
“I hope that this, alongside with other steps that we are getting, will be adequate to make sure (the basic safety) of our flights,” Russian President Vladimir Putin explained Wednesday. | aerospace | 1 |
https://comb.io/8aKUtw | 2023-02-01T07:14:00 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-06/segments/1674764499911.86/warc/CC-MAIN-20230201045500-20230201075500-00338.warc.gz | 0.950247 | 94 | CC-MAIN-2023-06 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-06__0__74740328 | en | S5E12: Airport '07
Uh... We are looking at about a four-and-a-half-hour flight time today.
We got clear skies, good visibility.
The temperature in Atlanta is 64 degrees.
The flight's going to be a little longer than we have expected.
Uh, we've got some very strong headwinds. Giggity. | aerospace | 1 |
http://newsonscreen.com/9-north-india-airports-resume-operations/ | 2019-11-11T19:18:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-47/segments/1573496664437.49/warc/CC-MAIN-20191111191704-20191111215704-00265.warc.gz | 0.964693 | 403 | CC-MAIN-2019-47 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-47__0__154074978 | en | The Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) had ordered immediate shutdown of nine north Indian civilian airports – Srinagar, Jammu, Leh, Pathankot, Amritsar, Shimla, Kangra, Kullu Manali, Pithoragarh citing the tension with Pakistan in the northern airspace; but the order was withdrawn on Wednesday and civilian flight operations at all 9 airports have been resumed.
After the pre-emptive non-military IAF airstrike at Balakot on February 26, the tension between Indo-Pak airspace had escalated around the northern Jammu-Kashmir and Punjab region. In an extremely short and immediately effective notice, the DGCA had ordered shutdown of civilian operations in entire airspace on the north side of Delhi. The list of airports that were shut down for civilian flights since Tuesday included Amritsar, Jammu, Srinagar and Leh, Kullu-Manali, Kangra, Shimla, Pathankot and Pithoragarh airports.
The DCGA said that the shutdown was to “strictly follow all guidelines of the Air Force” in the “view of emergency”, a step taken possibly after an IAF helicopter crashed in Budgam district. However, the shutdown order was withdrawn and flight operations were resumed from some airports, including Jammu. However, the area still remains to be on high alert as Pakistan’s warnings of retaliation after India’s fighter jets crossed the Line of Control had started surfacing.
In order to avoid any possible hostilities, the vulnerable cities including Punjab’s six border districts of Fazilka, Ferozepur, Tarn Taran, Gurdaspur, Pathankot and Amritsar are on high alert. And airport authorities as well as Deputy Commissioners and SSPs of the region have been instructed to put contingency plans in immediate effect to ensure the safety and protection of citizens. | aerospace | 1 |
https://astroblogger.blogspot.com/2013/03/yet-more-updates-on-potential-impact-of.html | 2022-06-28T03:17:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656103347800.25/warc/CC-MAIN-20220628020322-20220628050322-00652.warc.gz | 0.878278 | 117 | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__159113323 | en | Sunday, March 03, 2013
Yet More Updates on the Potential Impact of C/2013 A1 (Siding Spring) with Mars
This is still further out than the 0.00023 AU close approach of 2012 DA14, which missed us by two Earth diameters.
The calculated probability of the comet hitting Mars now is around 0.08%. See Leonid Elenin's article at SpaceObs for more details. | aerospace | 1 |
https://thespacevortex.com/2023/08/space-tourism-dreams-how-close-are-we-to-vacationing-in-space/ | 2024-04-15T03:40:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-18/segments/1712296816939.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20240415014252-20240415044252-00707.warc.gz | 0.928293 | 1,098 | CC-MAIN-2024-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-18__0__164669641 | en | For decades, the dream of space travel has captivated the hearts and minds of people worldwide. The idea of exploring the cosmos and experiencing weightlessness has been a constant source of inspiration and wonder. Until recently, space travel was limited to astronauts and scientists. However, with the rapid advancements in technology and the emergence of private space companies, the concept of space tourism is rapidly transforming from a distant dream into a tangible reality.
The Early Pioneers of Space Tourism
In the early 2000s, the space tourism industry began to take shape with the pioneering efforts of individuals like Dennis Tito, Richard Branson, Elon Musk, and Jeff Bezos. Dennis Tito, a wealthy businessman, became the first space tourist in 2001 when he paid $20 million for a seat on a Russian Soyuz spacecraft to visit the International Space Station (ISS). His journey marked the beginning of a new era in space exploration.
The Rise of Private Space Companies
The development of private space companies like SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Virgin Galactic has played a crucial role in advancing the progress towards space tourism. These companies have introduced innovative technologies and have made significant strides in reducing the cost of space travel, making it more accessible to private individuals.
SpaceX: Making Space Travel Affordable
Elon Musk’s SpaceX has been at the forefront of the space industry revolution. The company’s goal is to make space travel more affordable and ultimately enable the colonization of other planets. SpaceX achieved a major milestone with the development of reusable rocket technology, significantly reducing the cost of launching payloads into space. This breakthrough has paved the way for the company’s ambitious plans for space tourism.
Blue Origin: Suborbital Space Tourism
Jeff Bezos’ Blue Origin is another prominent player in the space tourism industry. The company has been focused on developing suborbital space tourism experiences through its New Shepard rocket. The New Shepard is designed to take passengers to the edge of space, providing a few minutes of weightlessness and breathtaking views of the Earth. Blue Origin has conducted successful test flights and is preparing to offer commercial flights to paying customers in the near future.
Virgin Galactic: A Unique Space Tourism Experience
Richard Branson’s Virgin Galactic is also making significant progress towards space tourism. The company’s SpaceShipTwo vehicle is designed to carry passengers on suborbital spaceflights, offering a unique and exhilarating experience. Virgin Galactic has already sold hundreds of tickets for future flights, with celebrities among the first in line to experience space travel. Despite facing challenges and setbacks, Virgin Galactic remains committed to making space tourism a reality.
Advancements in Space Technology
The progress towards space tourism goes hand in hand with advancements in space technology. These advancements have not only made space travel safer but also more efficient and cost-effective.
Reusable Rocket Technology
One of the revolutionary innovations in space technology is the development of reusable rocket technology. Companies like SpaceX have successfully demonstrated the viability of reusable rockets, significantly reducing the cost of space travel. Reusable rockets launch multiple times, reducing the necessity for expensive and time-consuming manufacturing of new rockets for each mission.
The development of commercial spacecraft has also played a crucial role in advancing space tourism. Companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin have built spacecraft designed specifically for carrying passengers. These spacecraft feature state-of-the-art technology, safety systems, and comfortable interiors, guaranteeing a seamless and delightful space tourism experience.
As the progress towards space tourism continues, the future holds exciting possibilities and challenges for the industry.
One of the key goals of the space tourism industry is to increase accessibility. Currently, the cost of space travel remains a significant barrier for many people. However, as technology continues to advance and competition in the industry grows, it is expected that prices will decrease over time, making space tourism more accessible to a broader range of individuals.
The increasing number of space launches raises concerns about the environmental impact of space tourism. Rocket launches contribute to greenhouse gas emissions and can have negative effects on the Earth’s atmosphere. It is essential for companies to invest in research and development to minimize the environmental impact of their operations. Sustainable fuel alternatives and efficient rocket designs are being explored to address these concerns.
Space Tourism Regulations
As space tourism becomes a reality, regulations and policies need to be developed to ensure the safety and ethical conduct of space travel. International collaboration will be crucial in establishing guidelines for space tourism operations, including passenger safety, liability, and responsible space exploration practices.
Conclusion: From Dream to Reality
The progress towards space tourism has transformed the dream of space travel into a tangible reality. Private space companies like SpaceX, Blue Origin, and Virgin Galactic have made significant advancements in technology, making space tourism more attainable and affordable. Reusable rocket technology, commercial spacecraft, and increasing accessibility are driving the industry forward. However, challenges such as environmental impact and the need for regulations remain. As we continue to push the boundaries of human exploration, space tourism is no longer confined to the realm of science fiction but is rapidly becoming a reality for people around the world.
Additional Information: The future of space tourism is not limited to suborbital flights. Companies like SpaceX have ambitious plans to send private citizens around the moon and even to Mars. These long-duration space missions will require advanced spacecraft and infrastructure, further pushing the boundaries of space tourism. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.aopa.org/news-and-media/all-news/2010/march/23/group-spurs-electric-airplane-development | 2023-09-22T05:07:38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506329.15/warc/CC-MAIN-20230922034112-20230922064112-00130.warc.gz | 0.933268 | 377 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__45346004 | en | Will you one day fly in an electric or hybrid gas and electric airplane? The Creative Solutions Alliance hopes you will and is offering prize money to advance electric airplane technology.
The Creative Solutions Alliance (CSA), a nonprofit organization founded by Erik Lindbergh, grandson of the famous aviator, is offering the Lindbergh Electric Aircraft Prize (LEAP).
“The Lindbergh Electric Aircraft Prize is the culmination of my work over the last decade in aviation, education, and prize philanthropy. LEAP represents the perfect focal point to light up both kids and adults. We are literally teaching the next generation to imagine and create their future,” Lindbergh said.
LEAP is a suite of prizes to promote the practical development of electric aircraft by recognizing specific advances in this emerging clean technology industry. The prizes will be awarded for the following:
Best Electric Aircraft: Awarded for the best example of a practical electric aircraft in any category—whether it is Experimental, light sport aircraft, or fully certified aircraft. Hybrid electric aircraft may be nominated where electric is the primary source of propulsion.
Best Electric Aircraft Sub-System: Defined as a set of components designed to work together to accomplish a specific task that advances the field of electric aircraft in both performance and practicality, such as electric powertrains, energy storage systems, and charging systems.
Best Electric Aircraft Component Technology: Defined as individual components that serve to advance the performance and practicality of electric aircraft, such as batteries, electric motors, and power electronics.
Public Choice Award: The public votes on electric aircraft that are currently flying, whether practical or not. This will be an opportunity to gauge the public's interest and excitement with respect to various electric aircraft projects.
CSA has partnered with EAA and will announce the winners at EAA’s AirVenture. | aerospace | 1 |
http://jawawa.id/index.php/newsitem/lion-air-to-get-new-boeing-aircraft-1176199849 | 2018-07-15T21:27:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676588972.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20180715203335-20180715223312-00021.warc.gz | 0.923193 | 189 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__257942170 | en | Private airline Lion Air said it will receive a delivery of a Boeing 737-900ER aircraft by the end of this month.
It will be the first of 60 units of Boeing 737-900ERs the low-cost carrier had ordered from the aircraft maker at a price of $60 million each.
Delivery of the entire 60 units is expected to be completed in five years, Lion Air communications manager Hasyim Alhabsi told the Investor Daily.
The 60 units will add to the airline's fleet of 29 aircraft, Alhabsi said, adding that the old aircraft will be handed over to its subsidiary Wings Air.
Meanwhile, Asia's top budget carrier AirAsia is planning four return flights a week to Aceh from June, the airline's chief Tony Fernandes said recently.
The flights from Malaysia's capital Kuala Lumpur to the province's capital Banda Aceh will be AirAsia's 10th destination in Indonesia. | aerospace | 1 |
https://datnendian.com/2021/08/how-to-get-land-for-your-lunar-lander/ | 2022-05-24T19:48:50 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662573189.78/warc/CC-MAIN-20220524173011-20220524203011-00463.warc.gz | 0.95142 | 1,027 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__320132869 | en | With the lunar landers now officially on the lunar surface, it is up to you to design the lander itself.
However, if you are not prepared for the fact that it is possible to build a lunar base on the moon, it can be tricky to get it to do the job.
It can be a lot of work.
If you have any experience in designing, building, and testing landers, this guide will give you a basic understanding of what is involved in getting a lander to work on the Moon.
It is designed to be used in a team of up to six people and should take around an hour.
It will also help you understand the different stages of a lunar landering operation.
What is a landering mission?
A lander is a spacecraft designed to use sunlight to lift a payload onto the surface of the Moon, usually for science or exploration purposes.
It typically carries a camera, a transmitter and receiver, and a command and control system.
Landers have traditionally used the lunar terrain to perform these tasks, but there are now many other options for launching and landing.
There are three main types of landers: lunar landered landers (LBLs), landers designed to launch from Earth, and lunar surface landers.
The LBLs are designed for short-duration missions such as landing on the surface or on the ice caps.
LBL is a shortened version of LBL, which stands for Lunar Orbiter, Lander.
LSLs are also called lunar surface-launched spacecraft (LSLs).
LSL launches typically take place in low Earth orbit (LEO), where the landers are launched from Earth.
LTLs are launched at high Earth orbit, where the landing site is located on the Earth surface.
The two types of lunar landings are performed by two different spacecraft: the Lunar Orbiters (LO) and Lunar Lander (LL).
LO is an LTL designed for use by the United States.
The LO spacecraft is designed for low Earth orbits, and LTL is designed primarily for long-duration exploration missions.
The LL spacecraft is a lunar orbiter that is designed specifically for long lunar landing missions.
In general, both types of LSL landers can perform lunar missions.
LLLs are flown from LEO, while LOs are carried to LEO by a spacecraft that is launched from the International Space Station.
LHLs are used for a variety of missions, but they typically launch from LEM, the moon’s closest geosynchronous transfer orbit.
LCLs are the largest landers in the LEO fleet, carrying a payload of up, at least, 1,200 kilograms (3,800 pounds) to the lunar landing site.
LCHs are smaller than LLL and LHL landers but larger than LTL.
They are typically launched from LLE, the closest geostationary transfer orbit, and are launched into orbit by a rocket.
The main differences between LHL and LCH landers is that LHL has an LEO-class launch capability while LCH has a lower orbit than LHL.
The most important difference between the LHL mission and the LCL mission is that the LCH mission is designed with the sole purpose of transporting an LSL mission to the Moon as well as LHL to a suitable landing site on the Lunar Surface.
What are the LSL and LCL missions?
The LSL (Low Earth Satellite Launch) mission is an orbital launch from the Earth to the LCROSS, a geosatellite launch site in the constellation of Vega, which will launch a large payload.
LCROS is the LTL mission, which is intended to send a small LCL spacecraft into orbit and then perform an LCL-class lunar landing.
LECROS is a LCL and LSL vehicle that is meant to carry the LPL (Landing Device) lander, the main landing equipment for LCL (Low ECS) missions.
It was originally planned for LEO to launch in 2018, but the agency has postponed the mission and will now launch from Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.
The other LCL launch vehicle is the Low Earth Orbit (LEo) mission.
It has been in development for some time.
LEO is the closest point in space to Earth, but it is a fairly small area and is not suitable for launching a large spacecraft.
LCO is an intermediate-range launch vehicle, intended to be launched into LEO for high-priority missions.
A new launch vehicle called the LCCM is scheduled to be built to carry a larger LCL or LCLL.
LCCMs are designed to carry large payloads into low Earth space, such as the LCOs.
LACM is a medium-range vehicle, which carries a few smaller payloads.
It also carries a launch vehicle that | aerospace | 1 |
http://tardis.wikia.com/wiki/Hubble_space_telescope | 2017-08-24T02:49:53 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-34/segments/1502886126027.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20170824024147-20170824044147-00344.warc.gz | 0.960218 | 85 | CC-MAIN-2017-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-34__0__217844843 | en | At one point, a camera on the telescope needed work. Ian Chesterton and Frank Ellis worked on it. At the time they worked on it, it was trained on the Monoceros constellation, and an entity travelled along the telescope's infrared rays and took over Frank. (PROSE: Distance)
Behind the scenes Edit
The Hubble Space Telescope is named after the astronomer Edwin Hubble, who discovered Hubble's law. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.flightglobal.com/blogs/flight-international/space/page/9/ | 2015-07-04T01:51:29 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-27/segments/1435375096293.72/warc/CC-MAIN-20150627031816-00198-ip-10-179-60-89.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.924403 | 585 | CC-MAIN-2015-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-27__0__175201581 | en | In comparison Griffin’s agency will only have four hundred million dollars this year and its budget for Exploration Transportation Systems, the catch-all term for the new launchers and spacecraft, will not increase substantially until the Space Shuttle fleet is retired in 2010. Then the agency will have about six billion dollars to play with. Even with that much money, and don’t forget Apollo was spending, on average, $13 billion a year, the original NASA plan to put astronauts on the Moon by 2015 and have a first test flight of the Crew Exploration Vehicle (CEV) in 2008 have been dropped.
Archive | Space RSS feed for this section
of its 26 members, including five shuttle flight veteran Susan Helms,
criticised NASA heavily in the report for an absence of managerial
accountability and management arrogance, which saw ideas dismissed out
Retirement for the fleet may not mean all three remaining shuttles,
Discovery, Atlantis and Endeavour being retired at the same time. There
are rumours that Discovery, now the oldest shuttle at 22 years of age,
could be retired in 2007.
Television and radio seems to many like a glamorous world. Apparently adoring millions tune into to listen to the popular disc jockey or to watch the latest television presenter, whose love life adorns the pages of the tabloids.
Winston Churchill said of Russia’s intentions in 1939 that it was a ‘riddle, wrapped in a mystery, inside an enigma’. Fortunately today the future of its space programme is much easier to determine, and finding out about that was one of the reasons for my arrival in Moscow on 2 July on an Aeroflot Ilyushin 96-300.
Flight International’s spaceflight specialist Rob Coppinger writes: It was flawless, they said, a flawless launch and a flawless vehicle. Sadly that viewpoint was utterly flawed. Twenty four hours after the launch and NASA is back to square one with a grounded shuttle fleet and another external tank (ET) problem. Ironically one of the Columbia Accident […]
With the Space Shuttle’s return to space delayed – not wholly surprisingly – the people who would like to see manned exploration put on the back-burner (probably for a couple of decades if they’re honest) are naturally taking the chance to give it another kick. But they’re wrong. As a species we can technically and […]
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- petunia pickle bottom boxy baby backpack on Tier 1 suppliers: on the way out? | aerospace | 1 |
https://spacenews.com/tag/made-in-space/ | 2022-12-01T07:12:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-49/segments/1669446710801.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20221201053355-20221201083355-00353.warc.gz | 0.889517 | 410 | CC-MAIN-2022-49 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-49__0__287436575 | en | Made in Space
Made In Space is underscoring national security applications for its in-space robotic assembly and additive manufacturing technologies at the annual Small Satellite Conference.
Blue Canyon Technologies announced plans Feb. 12 to supply its X-SAT small satellite for Made In Space’s Archinaut One on-orbit manufacturing demonstration mission.
Made In Space announced plans Jan. 17 to move its corporate headquarters from Mountain View, California, to Jacksonville, Florida.
Made In Space announced plans Oct. 21 to send a plastic recycling facility to the International Space Station on a Northrop Grumman commercial cargo resupply flight scheduled for early November.
For nine years, Made In Space executives and engineers have shared their vision for a future when satellites, solar arrays and large antennas are manufactured in orbit. During an Aug. 26 tour, NASA Administrator Jim Bridenstine clearly endorsed that vision.
NASA awarded a $73.7 million contract to Made In Space to additively manufacture beams on the Archinaut One satellite scheduled to launch in 2022.
Made In Space proposes equipping small satellites with technology to manufacture in orbit a 20-meter optical boom interferometer with a modular internal optics bench the firm developed with Lowell Observatory.
Three U.S. companies will set up offices in Luxembourg, the latest sign of an ongoing effort by the small European country to diversify its space economy.
Made In Space, the Silicon Valley startup focused on additive manufacturing in orbit, plans to boost the power available to small satellites with Archinaut, the company’s in-space manufacturing and assembling technology.
The chairman of the Senate space subcommittee said at a hearing April 26 that it may be time for the United States to update a key space treaty to reflect growing commercial space activities.
Within five years, companies could begin in-orbit manufacturing and assembly of communications satellite reflectors or other large structures, according to Made in Space, the Silicon Valley startup that sent the first 3D printer to the International Space Station in 2014. | aerospace | 1 |
https://1pisofare.com/tag/cebu-pacific-cabin-crew-hiring/ | 2022-09-28T18:09:12 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-40/segments/1664030335276.85/warc/CC-MAIN-20220928180732-20220928210732-00421.warc.gz | 0.923282 | 192 | CC-MAIN-2022-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-40__0__7606911 | en | Cebu Pacific Air Cabin Crew Hiring 2022
Apply na as the new Cebu Pacific Air Cabin Crew. See 1 Piso Fare for venue, dates and qualifications.
Cebu Pacific Air is now hiring new Cabin Crew Members or Flight Attendants for 2019.
Air Asia is Hiring new Male and Female Cabin Crew Members mga Piso Fare Friends!!! Ff your dream is to be a flight attendant to travel different places and meet lots of new friends, then this job might be for you. Called Air Asia ALL STARS, the company are looking for individuals with outstanding and […]
Dreaming of becoming a cabin crew or flight attendant? Do something about that dream! APPLY to the job hiring of Cebu Pacific Air for stewards and stewardesses. Cebu Pacific is looking to add more members to its cabin crew family and you could be one of the lucky ones that will be successfully hired. So […] | aerospace | 1 |
https://themadspaceball.com/2014/04/22/smallsats-cubesats-and-chipsats-klein-aber-oho/ | 2023-05-29T10:00:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644817.32/warc/CC-MAIN-20230529074001-20230529104001-00220.warc.gz | 0.953567 | 322 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__182330205 | en | Nope, you aren’t seeing things. There’s some German in the title there. The phrase essentially means small but mighty (like my wife). And the phrase describes, in a nutshell, the explosive growth and growing capabilities of these miniature mighty man-made moons. Nature.com has a fairly good write-up about the history and current state of Cubesats.
It’s exciting to think about the future of space operations if small satellites continue to get less expensive. If SpaceX and other launch companies hop into the fray to make launch costs less expensive, so much the better. Small satellites encourage companies and individuals to consider hopping into a very pricey field normally reserved for governments, who are able to tap the tax vein of subjects apparently at whim.
And the risk-takers who decide to get into the small satellite business will also likely be the ones who are willing to take more risks. This risk-acceptance will allow for more learning as mistakes are made, more robustness of satellites as people understand what works and what doesn’t, and more diversity in missions, as right now we have the equivalent of digital lighthouses, observation towers, and radio towers in orbit around Earth. We should be able to do more out in space than that, right?
And while the naysayers out there may want to change the mantra to “Small but murky,” the potential of these satellites, coupled with the imagination of people, some of who never imagined working on space projects ever, is mighty indeed.
As is my wife. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.gov.uk/government/collections/space-science-programme | 2019-03-24T17:39:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-13/segments/1552912203464.67/warc/CC-MAIN-20190324165854-20190324191854-00038.warc.gz | 0.905683 | 210 | CC-MAIN-2019-13 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-13__0__182791740 | en | Our Space Science Programme supports the design, development and operation of scientific payloads and associated ground based data processing facilities for missions in ESA’s mandatory Science Programme and other international collaborations, with a view to maximising the UK’s economic and scientific return on investment.
The UK currently has major involvement in the development of all three of the selected Medium Class missions in ESA’s long term Cosmic Vision programme:
M1 - Solar Orbiter (launch 2020)
M2 – Euclid (launch 2020)
M3 - PLATO (launch 2026)
The UK is also making a significant contribution to ESA’s first Large Class mission to explore Jupiter and its moons, JUICE, planned for launch in 2022. There is a large portfolio of missions in operations supported by the Agency including the recently launched GAIA mission launched in 2013.
The UK Space Agency’s Science Programme Advisory Committee (SPAC) provides an expert advisory function for the overall UK strategy of involvement in space science projects. | aerospace | 1 |
https://indianvartha.com/isro-gears-up-for-crucial-weather-satellite-launch-on-february-17th/ | 2024-02-26T21:02:48 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474663.47/warc/CC-MAIN-20240226194006-20240226224006-00141.warc.gz | 0.892792 | 444 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__159415832 | en | Bengaluru, India: The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is all set for a critical launch on February 17th, 2024, with the scheduled liftoff of its advanced meteorological satellite, INSAT-3DS, at 5:30 PM IST. This mission marks a significant step forward in India’s weather forecasting and disaster management capabilities.
What is INSAT-3DS?
INSAT-3DS is specifically designed to enhance weather monitoring and forecasting through its cutting-edge technology. Here’s a breakdown of its key features:
Advanced Payloads: Equipped with a 6-channel Imager and a 19-channel Sounder, the satellite will collect high-resolution data on weather patterns, providing valuable insights for accurate forecasting.
Enhanced Communication: The Data Relay Transponder (DRT) on board will receive data from automatic weather stations and data collection platforms, further improving forecasting accuracy.
Search and Rescue Support: The SAS&R transponder plays a crucial role in relaying distress signals from beacon transmitters, contributing significantly to global search and rescue operations.
Multifaceted Monitoring: INSAT-3DS will monitor land and ocean surfaces, providing crucial data for disaster warning systems and early-warning capabilities.
Significance of the Launch:
This launch is crucial for India’s weather forecasting and disaster management efforts. The advanced data collected by INSAT-3DS will enable:
More accurate weather predictions: Improved forecasting will lead to better preparedness for extreme weather events like cyclones, floods, and droughts.
Enhanced disaster management: Early warnings based on real-time data will help authorities take timely action and mitigate the impact of disasters.
Improved search and rescue operations: The SAS&R transponder will contribute to faster response times and increased success rates in rescue missions.
The successful launch and operation of INSAT-3DS will be a major milestone for ISRO and a significant boost to India’s meteorological capabilities. This advanced satellite will play a vital role in ensuring the safety and well-being of millions of citizens by providing accurate weather forecasts and timely disaster warnings. | aerospace | 1 |
https://associationfinder.co.za/category/aviation/ | 2021-05-09T22:37:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243989018.90/warc/CC-MAIN-20210509213453-20210510003453-00186.warc.gz | 0.928828 | 1,153 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__14483924 | en | The Experimental Aircraft Association (EAA) of South Africa embraces far more than design, building and flying of experimental or home built aircraft, although this remains an important activity of the EAA. As an Aero Club of SA affiliate, the EAA of SA actively supports initiatives of the AeCSA to ensure that the freedom of the skies in South Africa is sustained for recreational aviation under ever increasing restrictive legislation. If one flies a non-type certified aircraft, membership of an Aero Club affiliate such as EAA is a requirement for the issue by CAA of the Authority to Fly (ATF)Continue reading →
The Commercial Aviation Association of Southern Africa NPC (CAASA) is a non-profit organisation formed in 1944 to promote and protect the commercial interest of the general aviation industry in South African Aviation.
Our member companies include airport operators, non-scheduled operators, business aircraft operators, flying training organisations, aircraft maintenance companies and companies offering a whole range of supporting and retail services.Continue reading →
Description Website Board of Airline Representatives of SA Contact details Physical address Second Floor The Workspace 44 Melrose Boulevard Melrose Arch Postal Address City Province Telephone (010)0204093 EMAIL [email protected] Other information Remarks On the 2nd December 2017, this … Continue reading →
Description Website Association of Virtual Aviation Contact details Physical address AVA Clubhouse, Air Force Base Swartkop, Old Johannesburg Rd, Valhalla Postal Address City Province Telephone (012) 3866067 EMAIL Not available Other information Remarks On the 28th November 2017, … Continue reading →
ALPA-SA is the only organisation that caters solely for the needs of flight deck crew. It has no vested commercial interest in aviation, and is a non-profit organisation, funded solely from membership subscriptions.Continue reading →
The Airlines Association of Southern Africa (AASA) is the leading representative airline organisation within southern Africa, working together with leaders of the aviation industry and senior public and government officials on policy, regulatory, planning, operational, safety, security and financial matters affecting the overall profitability of the airlines and their continued sustainability.
AASA was formed to represent the mutual interests of its members. Membership is open to all airlines based in southern Africa and the Indian Ocean islands. There are currently 18 Airline Members from this region. In addition, Associate Membership is open to airline partner organisations. There are currently 30 Associate Members, including Airports Company South Africa (ACSA), and airports, both provincial and private airports, the Air Traffic & Navigation Services (ATNS), the South African Weather Service, several oil companies, major aircraft manufacturers, engine manufacturers, a ground handling company, IT service providers, tourism organisations and other industry associations and partners.
AASA also leads and coordinates the airline industry position on airport, airspace and civil aviation issues, as well as consumer legislation, environmental and tourism matters, and provides media response to important industry issues. In undertaking this mandate, AASA represents the airline industry on approximately 15 Standing Committees and Boards involving both public and private stakeholders.Continue reading →
The aircraft maintenance industry and its dedicated workers ensure safe flight. AMOSA represents the interests of Aircraft Maintenance Organizations (AMOs) within South Africa and its membership extends from one person AMOs to large AMOs in the fixed wing, rotary and accessories fields. AMOSA sits on many regulatory committees at the civil aviation authority representing the AMO industry needs and requirements to ensure the continuation of the industry in South Africa. Under CAASA, AMOSA is the only aviation maintenance association recognized by the South African Government to represent the AMOs in South Africa. AMOSA endeavors to ensure that the different aspects of both small and large AMOs serving commercial and private aircraft owners are recognized when regulation are being constructed and implemented. AMOSA brings to the attention of the civil aviation authority issues that are being experienced across the industry as they arise during the day to day interaction of the authorities with AMOs, as certain issues are common with many AMOs and as a group these issues can be resolved. AMOSA: representing the interests of the aircraft maintenance industry within South Africa.Continue reading →
Our vision is the promotion and protection of General Aviation in South Africa. Our functions include governmental advocacy and negotiation, public awareness campaigns, education, collective bargaining for safety awareness. The Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association of South Africa (AOPA-SA) is a founding member of US based International Council of Aircraft Owner and Pilot Associations. The combined total of individuals represented by these constituent member groups of IAOPA is over 470,000 pilots.Continue reading →
VACS Primary Objectives
To encourage an awareness of aviation and an interest in the mystery and science of flight.
To provide and maintain a venue of the operation of Virtual Aviation.
To advance Virtual Aviation in the area of operation according to the doctrine and policy laid down by the Commission of Virtual Aviation under the Aero Club of South Africa.
To protect the interests of the members and to bring about and maintain close co-operation between the members.
To guide and assist members in the administration and general conduct of Virtual Aviation.
To encourage members, either as individuals or as members of teams, in local and International tournaments and competitions.
Description Website SA Air Force Association Contact details Physical address Postal Address P.O. Box 66266, Broadway City Province Telephone 116167406 Email [email protected] Other information Remarks If you have additional details for this organisation, please let us know. [email protected] Categories Aviation … Continue reading → | aerospace | 1 |
http://aircharteradvisors.blogspot.com/2013/02/do-jet-charters-make-sense-for-your.html | 2020-01-22T04:29:53 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250606696.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20200122042145-20200122071145-00384.warc.gz | 0.930165 | 404 | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__165215259 | en | Air charters keep costs reasonable by knowing how to pick up empty return legs on charter flights and choosing charter services interested in picking up repeat business from new clients. At Air Charter Advisors, our goal is to arrange the best charter flights at the most competitive rates, optimizing your experience from the moment you book your flight until you've safely landed at your destination.
Why Air Charters Make Sense for Business
Executive charter flights make sense for
businesses because they allow passengers to land near their destination, even
if that destination is remote. They also fly passengers when they need to fly,
helping business travelers avoid the headaches of trying to book flights based on
commercial aviation schedules that are increasingly complex and inconvenient.
Safety and Service Must Be Top Priorities
Not all air charter brokers are alike. The
charter broker you choose for your needs should make client safety and service
their top priorities. Great charter brokers have extensive networks of charter
providers so that they can find the best possible rates for charter flights.
Charter brokers help their customers travel securely and confidentially, with
superior service that you simply can't find in commercial aviation today.
Air Charters for Passengers, Cargo, or Medical
Not all air charter flights are for business
executives who need to travel. Charter brokers are also able to arrange flights
for cargo, or for medical transport needs. Choose a broker with extensive
experience booking every type of charter flight and a network of charter
providers that is extensive enough to meet needs, whatever the customer's
The Future of Jet Charters
Jet charter services struggled during the
economic downturn, but signs point to a strong rebound in 2013 and out-years.
In fact, Warren Buffett's NetJets recently spent nearly $10 billion on new
planes for delivery starting in 2014 based on confidence that global demand
will increase demand for charter jet services. Have you considered a charter
broker for your flight needs? | aerospace | 1 |
http://hiram1555.com/2018/01/09/whats-behind-this-rushed-move-to-launch-a-top-secret-military-satellite-spacex-launches-secret-zuma-mission-aboard-falcon-9-rocket/ | 2018-01-23T12:16:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-05/segments/1516084891926.62/warc/CC-MAIN-20180123111826-20180123131826-00361.warc.gz | 0.981712 | 113 | CC-MAIN-2018-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-05__0__79881802 | en | Make no mistake about it, something is up. Have you noticed how every other day there is a report of shooting stars, meteorites, eclipses, sun flares, space storms, ect….? Why are they being reported now?
What is going on? Why are they now being reported so frequently? Are they aware of something that they refuse to share with you?
The answer is Yes. They are preoccupied with space and arming the space with not only weapons for offensive means, but also space defense systems to repel a threat or an attack. | aerospace | 1 |
http://ovz1.svt-ad.m2dop.vps.myjino.ru/2016/08/01/long-range-bombers-flying-from-russia-destroyed-major-isis-camp-in-central-syria/ | 2023-03-27T10:04:55 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948620.60/warc/CC-MAIN-20230327092225-20230327122225-00311.warc.gz | 0.952176 | 147 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__203244107 | en | Long-range Bombers Flying From Russia Destroyed ‘Major’ ISIS Camp In Central Syria
Six Tupolev Tu-22M3 strategic bombers have delivered massive airstrikes against a major Islamic State camp and ammunition depots in Syria, Russia’s Defense Ministry says. The aircraft flew from Russia and returned home after the operation.
The bombers, based at one of Russian’s southern air bases, took off on Tuesday morning, passed through Iranian and Iraqi airspace and delivered concentrated high-explosive ammunition airstrikes on terrorist targets east of the towns of Palmyra and As Sukhnah, and the village of Arak.
All aircraft have successfully returned to home base, the ministry said in a statement. | aerospace | 1 |
http://outer-space.org/tag/falcon-9/page/5/ | 2018-10-23T11:43:07 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583516135.92/warc/CC-MAIN-20181023111223-20181023132723-00403.warc.gz | 0.960304 | 5,177 | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__197019150 | en | Since the Space Shuttle completed it’s last flight the US has had to rely on Russia to launch manned missions to the International Space Station, and this will continue for at least two more years.
There are currently two countries with the ability to launch manned missions Russia and China, there are five others US, ESA, India, Iran and Japan working on programs.
India recently launched their Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle (GSLV) Mk III vehicle, the most powerful so far, which carried the Crew Module Atmospheric Re-entry Experiment (CARE) vehicle which is the first stage of their manned program.
The status of the other programs is unknown at this point with the plans calling for delivery in the 2020’s.
So what does this mean for the US Manned program?
At present there are four active programs for Orbital Manned Spaceflight in the US those are Boeing’s CST-100, NASA’s Orion, SNC’s Dream Chaser and SpaceX’s Dragon V2. Of these three are being funded by NASA and the four has previously been funded and is currently disputing the award to the other competitors.
Before we decide if the US is falling behind lets take a look at each program.
The CST-100 like the Dragon V2 and Orion spacecraft is based on a capsule design which will return to Earth and land under parachutes.
The CST-100 will be launched on an Atlas V rocket supplied by ULA.
Orion is designed to travel beyond Low Earth Orbit (LEO), while it could operate in LEO there really isn’t much point as the commercial companies will have this ability before Orion’s next flight. The first test flight of Orion was completed successfully earlier this month.
The Orion spacecraft will be launched on NASA’s Space Launch System rocket which is due to debut in 2018.
SNC’s Dream Chaser
Unlike the other’s Dream Chaser is a lifting body spacecraft designed to land automatically on conventional runways.
Dream Chaser will be launched by an Atlas V but a smaller version is also being designed that could launch on Stratolaunch.
SpaceX’s Dragon V2
The Dragon V2 spacecraft is the crewed version of the currently operating Dragon spacecraft that has supplied the space station five times. This vehicle will include the ability to automatically dock with the station and will use a propulsive landing to allow it to precisely control where it lands.
Dragon V2 will be launched on the Falcon 9 v1.1 as the current Dragon does.
Far from falling behind the rest of the world we truly believe that the US is in a far stronger position for the future. Having four active manned programs three of which are commercially owed will help to keep costs lower and will ensure that the US has access to space even if one system suffers a failure.
Elon Musk has revealed via twitter a design change to the next Falcon 9 rocket launching a Dragon capsule towards the International Space Station on December 16th for the CRS-5 mission, this flight was delayed a week to allow NASA more time to re-evaluate the payload manifest following the Antares launch failure last month.
The upgrades will allow the rocket finer control during descent back to the second introduction this weekend, the landing barge. It became clear that SpaceX were looking into this option when they challenged the patent currently held by Blue Origin for the same technology.
Autonomous spaceport drone ship. Thrusters repurposed from deep sea oil rigs hold position within 3m even in a storm. pic.twitter.com/wJFOnGdt9w
Both of these changes should allow SpaceX for the first time to realize the goal of landing a first stage rocket. Once landed the stage would need to be secured for transport back to base, although the longer term plan is for SpaceX to refuel the stage and allow it to fly back to the launch pad. However at present that isn’t an option as return to pad has not been approved by the FAA.
At this point it is not know when or if the first stage will be re-flown as there would need to be a number of tests done to verify that everything is working for another flight, only time will tell.
We will be following the next launch with interest to see just what happens and hopefully usher in a new era were re-usable rockets come another step closer to reality.
Today at 4pm EDT from Kennedy Space Center NASA announced the winners of the Commercial Crew Transportation Capability (CCtCap) contracts.
And the winners are:
Boeing – The CST-100 capsule seen to the right has been awarded $4.2 billion of the money. Over the next three years Boeing will have to complete a number of milestones below to prove that the CST-100 capsule can indeed deliver crew to the ISS.
While the CST-100, according to Boeing, can be launched on multiple rockets they have selected to use the Atlas V as the launch vehicle.
This will bring Boeing’s total under the Commercial Crew Development program to $4.77 billion.
SpaceX – The Dragon V2 again seen on the right has also been awarded a contract of $2.6 billion allowing NASA to have a two options for the CCtCap process.
At the time of writing SpaceX have not completed their pad or launch abort tests from the CCiCap contract, however they are scheduled to be completed in the next six months and there should be no reason that SpaceX couldn’t be ready before 2017.
This will bring SpaceX’s total under the Commercial Crew Development program $3.11 billion
Each company will have to pass five certification milestones as well as a number of others that they themselves have selected, payment will be based on the different milestones. We will bring you news of these milestones once the information has been been made available.
Under the contracts awarded today both companies will perform one demo flight each and a maximum of six crewed missions to the station carrying four crew members each time, they also include some money towards additional studies. With the introduction of the Dragon V2 and CST-100 NASA have also announced that the space station will move from a six member crew to seven members allow more research to be performed.
The award amounts are based on the paperwork that was submitted during the process by each company and both have to meet the same goals laid out by NASA. Basically SpaceX will be achieving the same goals for 62% the cost that Boeing will.
In summary this is what we hoped would happen, two competitors have been selected and the next few years are going to be exciting for US manned spaceflight, we are another step closer to returning crewed flight to US soil and despite the fact that one of the competitors is still reliant on Russian engines to get into orbit that may change too as news of a partnership between ULA and Blue Origin to be announced tomorrow could see the RD-180 replaced, we will bring new of that announcement as soon as we have it.
At present we have no news on what will happen to the Dream Chaser program at SNC, when we have further information it will be made available here.
Fourth time is a charm for SpaceX as they finally launch six Orbcomm OG2 satellites to orbit. This morning’s launch which was delayed slightly to resolve a ground system issue lifted off at 11:15 am EDT when the nine Merlin 1D engine’s on the first stage roared to life. Ten minutes later the second stage completed it’s planned burn leaving the craft in it’s intended orbit.
SpaceX webcast the launch up to the point where the second stage finished firing, separation of the satellites will occur later once the spacecraft reaches the desired drop off locations.
Update 12:04 pm EDT – Marc Eisenberg CEO of Orbcomm tweeted that all six satellites were successfully deployed.
Update 1:27 pm EDT – Elon Musk tweeted updates on re-entry of first stage
We are back with our weekly blog, and what an interesting week it has been.
SpaceX announce suit against ULA Block Buy
On Friday 4/25, SpaceX’s CEO Elon Musk announced that SpaceX had filed a suit protesting the bulk buy of Rocket Core’s from ULA. SpaceX made several arguments against the block buy, including the fact that each launch was four times more expensive than then equivalent SpaceX rocket, the fact that ULA’s main engine’s were sourced from Russia.
“In light of international events, this seems like the wrong time to send hundreds of millions of dollars to the Kremlin,” said Elon Musk. “Yet, this is what the Air Force’s arrangement with ULA does, despite the fact that there are domestic alternatives available that do not rely on components from countries that pose a national security risk.”
Elon stated also that they just want the chance to compete in a fair competition, at the end of the day if they compete and lose then they would except this decision.
SpaceX confirm successful soft landing of CRS-3 first Stage
During the above Press Conference Elon Musk also announced that they had confirmed successful soft landing of the first stage from the CRS-3 launch. However due to the rough seas in the area the rocket didn’t survive long in the water.
On Tuesday this week 4/29 SpaceX posted video from the first stage, unfortunately it is badly damaged and they are asking for assistance in cleaning it up further. Several images have been posted that show the stage as it approaches the water.
This week SpaceX also completed another test of there F9R test rocket to 1000m, these tests bring closer the day when re-usable rockets will be viable.
ATK & Orbital announce merger
This week Orbital Sciences Corporation and ATK announced that they were merging to form Orbital ATK Inc. As part of the process ATK will split off the Outdoor Sports business into a separate entity and the Aerospace & Defense business will be merged with Orbital.
Classed as a merger of equal’s the new company valued at approximately $5 billion will be lead by current Orbital President and CEO Mr. David W. Thompson, with ATK’s President Mr. Blake E. Larson will become COO.
The transaction is expected to be completed by the end of this year.
Russian Deputy Prime Minister suggests US Astronauts use Trampoline to get to ISS
Due to the sanctions that been placed on several key members of the Russian government following the events in the Ukraine, Russian Deputy Prime Minister proposed an alternate solution to America’s dependency on Soyuz to get to ISS.
“I propose that the United States delivers its astronauts to the ISS with the help of a trampoline,” he said.
In response to this SpaceX’s Elon Musk tweeted the following
Unfortunately he then followed up with another tweet.
So we will have to wait until the end of this month to see the Crewed version of Dragon.
Length of ExoPlanet Day measured for the first time
Astronmers using the ESO’s Very Large Telescope (VLT) have determined the rotation rate of an exoplanet. Beta Pictoris b has been found to have a day that lasts only eight hours, much faster than any planet in our solar system. The equator is travelling at almost 100,000 kph.
Morpheus Lander completes another Free Flight Test
This week the Morpheus Lander completed it’s 12th free flight test as KSC, for the first time the test vehicle used the Autonomous Landing and Hazard Avoidance Technology (ALHAT) to divert to a safe landing spot instead of the previously programmed landing spot..
High Definition Earth Viewing (HDEV) experiment attached to ISS
Once of the science experiments that was transported in the trunk of the Dragon last week was removed on Wednesday and attached to the space station. The HDEV experiment will beam back live pictures from the station, and contains four HD camera’s which are housed in a enclosed, pressurized, temperate controlled housing. While on station the effect of the space environment on these camera’s will be monitored.
This week Boeing released several new images showcasing the interior of there CST-100 Commercial Crew vehicle. The CST-100 is competing with Dragon, and DreamChaser to become the vehicle of choice for crewed missions to the ISS.
Bigelow Aerospace reveals full scale model of BA330
As part of the CST-100 unveil Bigelow Aerospace also unveiled a full scale model of their BA-330 inflatable module which they aim to launch by 2016. Because the module is inflatable four of these modules would provide more space than currently available on the International Space Station and would require significantly less launches to complete.
NASA Selects new Flight Directors
This week NASA announced the selection of three new Flight Directors to lead Mission Control. The directors will manage the International Space Station (ISS) operations and are Amit Kshatriya, Jeffery Radigan and Zebulon Scoville.
British Astronaut Tim Peake launches meal competition
British Astronaut Tim Peake who will be launching to the International Space Station next year has launched a competition in the UK for school children to create a meal that will fly with him to the station.
The winner will work with Celebrity Chef Heston Blumenthal to develop the idea further.
Well after a four month break I am pleased to say the blog is back and will be updated regularly. The reason for the long hiatus was due to a busy Christmas session quickly followed by the birth of my third daughter Annabella in January.
Today’s post will focus on last weeks launch, capture and berthing of the SpaceX Dragon capsule on it’s CRS-3 mission, but first a little history on why this is important.
As most of you will probably remember on 21st July 2011 Shuttle Atlantis touched down for the final flight of the Shuttle program leaving the USA with no domestic ability to launch cargo or crew to the International Space Station. Today the picture has changed but the USA still has no domestic ability to reach the station with crew, however following the successful completion of the demonstration missions by SpaceX and Orbital under the Commercial Orbital Transportation Services (COTS) program the USA does now have cargo capacity to and from the station. Before this week’s flight SpaceX has previously completed two missions under the Commercial Resupply Service Contract (CRS) known as SpX-1 and SpX-2, and Orbital have so far completed one known as Orbital-1.
With the introduction of the Dragon spacecraft the USA again has the ability to return significant amounts of cargo from the station, an ability unique to Dragon as the only other vehicle that can return to earth the Soyuz has limited cargo capacity being design primarily as a crew transport..
So why was this mission important? Since the last mission SpX-2 SpaceX have made a number of significant changes both to the Falcon 9 rocket and the Dragon spacecraft and despite several delays the launch this week was very successful.
Falcon 9 Upgrade
The Falcon 9 rocket for the first time flew with landing legs, these have been added to allow SpaceX to move a step closer to it’s goal of having a fully re-usable spacecraft in the future. The landing legs not only allow the craft to land they also provide stabilization during the decent. SpaceX has previously returned a first stage however during the final step the engines cut out before the roll rate was too high to allow the fuel to flow to the engines. As Elon Musk CEO and CTO of SpaceX states to the right they will continue to perform ocean landings with the first stage until they can proof full control of the first stage, at which point return to launch pad is the goal.
This is the fifth Dragon mission so far, the first two under the COTS program and the rest under the CRS program. From the outside this spacecraft looks similar to the previously launched spacecraft however it has undergone a number of significant upgrades including upgraded avionics, redesigned cargo racks to supply more power to cargo, additional freezers to carry more critical science payloads and the ability to provide power to un-pressurized cargo carried in the trunk section.
Originally scheduled for December 2013 the SpX-3 mission has been delayed a number of times due to various conflicts and changes. Once all of these conflicts and changes were resolved a new launch date was planned for April 14th, however that was aborted approximately one hour before liftoff due to a Helium leak on the Falcon 9. SpaceX resolved this and the launch was re-scheduled to Friday April 18th.
The weather forecast for the launch was only showing a 40% chance that they would be able to launch however SpaceX continued ahead with the countdown and were able to liftoff on time as the weather improved throughout the afternoon. Following the final pole of the mission team the spacecraft entered the final minutes of the count down and lifted off at precisely 19:25:22 UTC as expected.
The nine Merlin 1D engines roared to live lifting the rocket from the pad towards it’s LEO destination. Three minutes after liftoff the first stage had completed it’s initial task and separated to allow the second stage Merlin 1D Vacuum engine to take over and propel Dragon the rest of the way to orbit. Unlike all the other rockets in use today the first stage still had tasks to perform including a deceleration burn that slow it down enough to perform a controlled re-entry, after this the landing legs deploy and the spacecraft again fires it’s engines to allow a controlled decent.
Initial reports from Elon Musk indicate that the spacecraft successfully returned to the Atlantic ocean with almost 0 role rate.
Due to high sea’s in the landing area we are not currently sure how much if any of the first stage was actually recovered by the ships that were waiting nearby however this is a promising step towards lowering the cost of launching spacecraft.
Meanwhile in space the second stage completed it’s mission and nine minutes after launch the Dragon spacecraft was successfully deployed in orbit. Several minutes later we watched as the Solar Array’s successfully deployed and the spacecraft began it’s journey towards the International Space Station. During the press conference after the launch Elon Musk did state that they had an issue with one of the Dragon thrust chambers but that had since been resolved.
Eighteen hours after launch the spacecraft approached the ISS and was successfully captured and berthed to the station.
Below are a number of images I capture from the live stream provided by SpaceX during the launch, capture and berth of the Dragon.
Following on from the Cygnus berthing to the space station this morning SpaceX successfully launched its modified Falcon 9 rocket this afternoon in the process achieving several firsts for the company.
The launch which came exactly five years after their first successful Falcon 1 launch was the first from their Vandenburg launch pad, the first of the longer v1.1 rocket, the first to use the Merlin 1D engines, the first to have a satellite fairing and the first Falcon 9 not dedicated to Dragon.
The rocket carried six satellite’s to orbit and from initial reports all were successfully deployed as expected and the rocket performed exceptionally well.
In addition to the above firsts, SpaceX were also hoping to re-ignite three of the first stage engine’s as it descended back to earth to slow the impact of the stage as it lands in the Pacific Ocean. If successful the plan is to retrieve the stage and potentially use it again for another mission. These are early steps in SpaceX’s plan to have fully re-usable rockets in the future.
With the successful completion of this launch SpaceX will now be ramping up the launch rate to meet the large launch manifest pending, with several more this year and starting in 2014 almost one a month through end of 2015 already booked.
The following images were captured from the SpaceX Web Cast and show the rocket during countdown, launch and after first stage separation.
Cygnus Successfully Launched With the exception of one issue with the fuel system that caused a slight delay in the launch time Orbital successfully launched there Antares Rocket with the Cygnus spacecraft. The Cygnus is currently on route to the International Space Station and once a number of demonstration steps have been completed successfully is due to berth with the station tomorrow.
Once the vehicle has been unloaded the ISS crew will load items that are no longer needed, after about 30 days at the station it will unberth. Unlike the Dragon spacecraft the Cygnus cannot return back to earth but instead burns up during re-entry.
Latest reports show the the spacecraft has successfully fired it’s main engine’s to alter it’s course to the station, a number of the tests are performed close to the station to verify that the approach and capture can be aborted if needed. Once all the tests are passed NASA and Orbital will have a final go-no-go poll before the craft enters the keep out zone around the station so that it can be captured by the crew using the station arm.
SpaceX Static Fire Test Update
The first static fire test of the new Falcon 9 v1.1 showed up some anomalies, due to this SpaceX attempted another test this week which was successful. However due to the delay’s caused by needing the second test launch of the new version has been delayed until 9/29 to accommodate ICBM tests at the launch site.
Atlas 5 launch successful
A secure communications satellite was launched from the cape this week by an Atlas 5 for the U.S. Air Force. This was the first of two large launches on the same day on the U.S. East Coast, the second was the Orbital launch of Cygnus seven hours later.
Next Station Crew Soyuz Integrated
The Soyuz TMA-10M vehicle was integrated with it’s Launcher this week in preparations for the launch of Flight Engineer Michael Hopkins of NASA, Soyuz Commander Oleg Kotov and Flight Engineer Sergey Ryazanskiy, both with Russia’s Federal Space Agency on 9/26. The next major milestone in this preparations will be roll out to the launch pad expected on Monday 9/23.
Deep Impact Update
Following a month of attempts to re-establish contact with the now silent spacecraft NASA to announced that the mission is over. Engineer’s suspect that the vehicle lost stabilization control and was no longer pointing it’s Solar Array’s at the sun causing the battery’s to run out. The vehicle was tremendous successful having completed all of it’s primary mission objects as well as returning approximately 500,000 images of different space objects.
Space Alien Claim
This week a scientist if Britain claimed to have evidence of Alien Life taken from sample obtained from the upper atmosphere. The story got quite a lot of traction on some new media however was very quickly debunked. The same scientist has made similar claims in the past and each time has proven to be wrong because there has never been scientific evidence to back up his claims.
Life on Mars Update
Hope’s of finding life on Mars faded a little this week when a study by the Mars Curiosity Rover detected only trace amounts of Methane in the atmosphere. Of course if Mars One or other’s get there way this will change in the next couple of decades as human’s will visit the planet and bring with them microbes and other forms of life.
India Mars Mission spacecraft revealed The week India unveiled it’s first Mars Spacecraft expected to launch later in late October or early November. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) announced that the vehicle will have five scientific instruments on-board designed to conduct various experiments while orbiting the planet. The vehicle is expected to arrive at the planet in September 2014 following a 9 month cruise.
Boeing Tests CST-100 Thrusters
This week Boeing announced that it has completed a series of tests of the thrusters that will be used on the CST-100 Spacecraft when in orbit. In combination with Aerojet Rocketdyne the thruster manufacturer the tests assessed how the thrusters performed in different scenarios as would be expected in space operations. This is a significant step forward in the design of the spacecraft which is designed to talk crew into LEO.
Chinese Space Station final days
The Chinese Space Agency announced that their first Space Station Tiangong was entering it’s final month’s of operation before a fiery re-entry into earth’s atmosphere. Tiangong hosted two different crews during it’s lifetime and brought the Chinese one step closer to having a permanent presence in space.
While not related to Space I wanted to share the news from Elon Musk that Tesla are currently looking for Engineer’s to work on autonomous driving option for the Tesla Model S car. According to Elon they plan to use 360 deg flush mounted camera’s and radar which will require lost of image processing capabilities. Anyone interested should email [email protected], the team will report directly to Elon. | aerospace | 1 |
https://joluu.com/venezuela/nasa-published-the-first-sounds-of-mars-and-users-on-social-networks-caused-criticism/ | 2021-02-25T15:38:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-10/segments/1614178351374.10/warc/CC-MAIN-20210225153633-20210225183633-00313.warc.gz | 0.950065 | 357 | CC-MAIN-2021-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-10__0__47430850 | en | NASA’s Perseverance rover on Mars shared for the first time the ambient sound of the red planet.
According to the agency, the persistent man recorded the sound from the Martian surface with a microphone mounted on the side of the vehicle.
See also → NASA revealed the first sound from Mars and the first video of Perseverance’s arrival
After spending two Earth days on the surface of the Jezero crater, the vehicle managed to send data from the sounds emanating from the mysterious planet.
The recording provides a slight “Mars breeze” for a few seconds, in addition to the mechanical sounds of normal rover operation.
Now that you see Mars, hear it. Take some headphones and listen to the first sounds one of my microphones picked up. Https://t.co/JswvAWC2IP#CountdownToMars
– NASA’s Perseverance Mars Rover (@NASAPersevere) 22 February 2021
Although the expected recording was shared thousands of times, the reception was not as expected.
Hundreds of Internet users guarantee “nothing is heard” in the sound.
Some people have had the opportunity to make humorous comments on social networks, reassuring that NASA is “throwing the money away”.
“It looks like covid-19 got there too. The planet seems in quarantine, no one is out.”a Twitter user wrote.
Others assured them that although they heard nothing, they were still “mesmerized” by NASA’s work on the planet.
“I don’t hear anything! It’s so much more surprising than most other things on SoundCloud,” said one netizen. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.militaryfactory.com/aircraft/detail.php?aircraft_id=2448 | 2023-06-09T00:14:05 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224655244.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20230609000217-20230609030217-00368.warc.gz | 0.842287 | 341 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__232522658 | en | VERTICAL TAKE-OFF / LANDING (VTOL)
Series has a tactical capability to take-off and / or land vertically, a quality commonly associated with helicopters.
Houses, or can house (through specialized variants), radar equipment for searching, tracking, and engagement of enemy elements.
Utilizes two or more types of propulsion systems to achieve desired performance / flight actions.
Design utilizes an all-electric powerplant for drive power.
Inherent ability of airframe to take considerable damage.
Fuselage volume includes space for internally-held weapons or special-mission equipment.
Can reach and operate at higher altitudes than average aircraft of its time.
EXTENDED RANGE PERFORMANCE
Capability to travel considerable distances through onboard fuel stores.
Ability to operate over ocean in addition to surviving the special rigors of the maritime environment.
Design incorporates feature(s) that facilitates loading / unloading of cargo / personnel from the aircraft.
Design features ability to fly sans pilot, actions controlled onboard through programming and / or ground-based operator.
Design features autonomous flight operations made possible through onboard artificial intelligence or pre-programming.
Payload supports photographic equipment providing still and / or real-time image / video results. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.pragativadi.com/india-successfully-test-fires-interceptor-missile-off-odisha-coast/ | 2019-08-20T01:51:51 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-35/segments/1566027315174.57/warc/CC-MAIN-20190820003509-20190820025509-00432.warc.gz | 0.953928 | 199 | CC-MAIN-2019-35 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-35__0__105075704 | en | Balasore: India on Thursday successfully test-fired its interceptor missile from Abdul Kalam Island off the Odisha coast from launch pad IV at about 11.24 am in Balasore district.
The indigenously developed Advanced Air Defence interceptor missile is capable of destroying any incoming ballistic missile in low altitude.
Earlier four tests were conducted on March 1, 2017, February 11, 2017, December 28, 2017 and July 14, 2018. During the test an incoming ballistic missile target was successfully intercepted within 30 km altitude of the earth’s atmosphere.
The missile is being developed as part the Ballistic Missile Defence (BMD) system, which can intercept medium-range ballistic missiles travelling at speeds of Mach 3 to 8.
Israel, Russia, and the United States are the only three countries to have successfully developed an indigenous ballistic missile defense system.
The missile tested today constitutes the second tier defense against incoming enemy ballistic missiles in the two-tier BMD system. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.popularmechanics.com/military/aviation/a27332/f-35-rising-cost/ | 2023-03-25T11:06:40 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296945323.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20230325095252-20230325125252-00455.warc.gz | 0.96011 | 740 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__202775926 | en | The cost of the F-35 Joint Strike Fighter has gone up again. The total cost to build and fly more than 2,400 F-35s over their lifetimes increased by nearly $30 billion dollars. Ironically, the cost increases are being driven by efforts to reduce defense spending and the federal deficit.
The Pentagon is procuring a total of 2,456 F-35 fighter bombers. The Air Force is buying the F-35A to replace the F-16C Fighting Falcon, the Marine Corps is buying the F-35B to replace the F/A-18 Hornet and Harrier fighters, and the Navy is buying the F-35C to replace the F/A-18 Hornet. Each of these versions differs from the others. The Navy's version has a stronger set of landing gear to withstand carrier landings for example, and the Marine Corps version can take off and land vertically.
More From Popular Mechanics
The overall cost to buy all 2,456 aircraft for all three services, including research and development, testing and evaluation, actually buying the aircraft, and building facilities to support the new planes, is estimated to cost $406.5 billion. This is up $27.5 billion over the previous year.
The primary reason for the cost increase is the Air Force's budget. The Air Force is buying the lion's share of the F-35 fleet, 1,763 F-35As. As a result, changes in how the Air Force plans to buy the plane can shift costs in the entire F-35 program. A cap on defense spending imposed by the 2011 Budget Control Act, otherwise known as the sequestration, has forced the Air Force to stretch its planned buy of the F-35 an extra six years. Instead of buying 80 planes per year and ending procurement of the F-35A in 2038, it will buy 60 per year and end in 2044.
The result of this "stretch" is that the Pentagon can't take advantage of economies of scale, where manufacturing costs for the F-35 go down as the number of planes purchased each year increases. Under economies of scale, manufacturer Lockheed Martin can sell the planes more cheaply due to the manufacturer's ability to negotiate materials, labor, and energy at a lower cost.
Indeed that is happening: the cost of all three models dropped last year by an average of about seven percent, as the government started buying more planes. President Donald Trump took credit for the $600 million price drop, although the head of the F-35 program had already forecast the Pentagon would save approximately $600 million the year before. Currently, the F-35A costs $94.6 million each, the F-35B costs $122.8 million each, and the F-35C $121.8 million.
F-35 costs will continue to fall, but the Air Force's stretched buy means they won't come down as quickly and as much as originally believed. The $27.5 billion increase won't be due in one lump sum but rather spread over the next 27 years. The cost increase could even be erased by increased defense spending down the road. A lot can happen in 27 years.
Source: Aviation Week & Space Technology
Kyle Mizokami is a writer on defense and security issues and has been at Popular Mechanics since 2015. If it involves explosions or projectiles, he's generally in favor of it. Kyle’s articles have appeared at The Daily Beast, U.S. Naval Institute News, The Diplomat, Foreign Policy, Combat Aircraft Monthly, VICE News, and others. He lives in San Francisco. | aerospace | 1 |
https://bigbangpokemon.com/other/which-is-the-biggest-moon.html | 2022-05-16T19:15:36 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652662512229.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20220516172745-20220516202745-00267.warc.gz | 0.894105 | 1,615 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__98478084 | en | Which is bigger Titan or Ganymede?
Frequently described as a planet-like moon, Titan is 50% larger than Earth’s moon and 80% more massive.
It is the second-largest moon in the Solar System after Jupiter’s moon Ganymede, and is larger than the planet Mercury, but only 40% as massive.
Titan is primarily composed of ice and rocky material.
Is Ganymede bigger than the Earth?
Jupiter’s moon Ganymede is the largest satellite in the solar system. Larger than Mercury and Pluto, and only slightly smaller than Mars, it would easily be classified as a planet if were orbiting the sun rather than Jupiter.
What are the largest moons?
Jupiter’s Ganymede is the largest moon in our solar system.
- Ganymede. Ganymede is the largest of Jupiter’s 79 moons as well as by far the largest moon in the solar system.
- Titan. Titan orbits Saturn and is the second largest moon with a diameter of 5,150 km.
- Other Large Moons.
What are the 7 major moons?
The below is the top 10 largest moons in the solar system.
- Oberon. Oberon Uranus Moon.
- Rhea. Rhea moon of Saturn.
- Titania. Titania the moon of uranus.
- Triton. Triton the moon of Neptune.
- Europa. Jupiters moon Europa.
- Moon. Earts natural satellite Moon.
- Callisto. Jupiters moon Callisto.
- Titan. The Saturns moon Titan.
Does Ganymede have life?
Ganymede orbits Jupiter in roughly seven days and is in a 1:2:4 orbital resonance with the moons Europa and Io, respectively. Ganymede is composed of approximately equal amounts of silicate rock and water ice.
Can you live on Europa?
FULL STORY: What Would It Be Like to Live on Europa? Europa has a thin oxygen atmosphere, but it is far too tenuous for humans to breathe. From the surface of Europa, Jupiter appears 24 times larger than the moon appears in our sky. Europa’s magnetic field shields its surface from Jupiter’s deadly radiation.
Can you survive on Titan?
How Humans Could Live on Saturn’s Moon Titan (Infographic) Titan, the cloudy moon of Saturn, is one of the least hostile places (for humans) in the outer solar system. It has lakes of liquid methane, and even weather. Titan has no water, but some scientists wonder if life based on methane might live on Titan.
Which is bigger Pluto or the moon?
However, not all of the moons are smaller than all of the planets. There are seven moons in our Solar System, including our own Moon, that are larger than Pluto. Jupiter’s moon Ganymede is the largest moon in the Solar System, and Ganymede as well as Saturn’s moon Titan are both larger than Mercury and Pluto.
Which moon is most habitable?
In the Solar System
|Enceladus||Saturn||Enceladus – potential habitability|
|Titan||Saturn||Life on Titan|
|Callisto||Jupiter||Callisto – potential habitability|
|Ganymede||Jupiter||Ganymede – Subsurface oceans|
5 more rows
What is the farthest moon from Jupiter?
Callisto, the fourth and farthest of the Galilean moons from Jupiter, is the most heavily cratered object in the solar system.
What is the biggest moon in the galaxy?
What is Mars largest moon?
What are the names of Saturn’s largest moons?
Let’s look at the eight major moons of Saturn:
- Titan. Titan is the largest of Saturn’s moons and the first to be discovered.
- Dione. Dione is thought to be a dense rocky core surrounded by water-ice.
- Enceladus. Enceladus contains more than 100 geysers at its south pole.
Which planet has the largest volcano?
Which planet has the most mass?
Could Europa have life?
So far, there is no evidence that life exists on Europa, but Europa has emerged as one of the most likely locations in the Solar System for potential habitability. Life could exist in its under-ice ocean, perhaps in an environment similar to Earth’s deep-ocean hydrothermal vents.
Can a moon have moons?
The results vary — the bigger the moon, for example, the closer it can be to the planet. In a few cases, however, there is a confluence of moon size and orbit in which a submoon could survive. Four moons in our solar system qualify: Earth’s moon; Jupiter’s moon Callisto; and two of Saturn’s moons, Iapetus and Titan.
Can moons have water?
Lunar water is water that is present on the Moon. Liquid water cannot persist at the Moon’s surface, and water vapor is decomposed by sunlight, with hydrogen quickly lost to outer space.
Can humans live on Venus?
Habitability of its atmosphere. Although there is little possibility of existing life near the surface of Venus, the altitudes about 50 km above the surface have a mild temperature, and hence there are still some opinions in favor of such a possibility in the atmosphere of Venus.
Can a human survive on Uranus?
As an ice giant, Uranus doesn’t have a true surface. The planet is mostly swirling fluids. While a spacecraft would have nowhere to land on Uranus, it wouldn’t be able to fly through its atmosphere unscathed either. The extreme pressures and temperatures would destroy a metal spacecraft.
Can we live on Titan?
Whether there is life on Titan, the largest moon of Saturn, is at present an open question and a topic of scientific assessment and research. Titan is far colder than Earth, and its surface lacks stable liquid water, factors which have led some scientists to consider life there unlikely.
How many planets can support life?
In November 2013, astronomers reported, based on Kepler space mission data, that there could be as many as 40 billion Earth-sized planets orbiting in the habitable zones of Sun-like stars and red dwarfs in the Milky Way, 11 billion of which may be orbiting Sun-like stars.
Can life support Mars?
The confirmation that liquid water once flowed on Mars, the existence of nutrients, and the previous discovery of a past magnetic field that protected the planet from cosmic and solar radiation, together strongly suggest that Mars could have had the environmental factors to support life.
Should we populate the moon?
The energy required to send objects from the Moon to space is much less than from Earth to space. This could allow the Moon to serve as a source of construction materials within cis-lunar space. Rockets launched from the Moon would require less locally produced propellant than rockets launched from Earth.
Photo in the article by “Obama White House” | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.makemytrip.com/international-flights/thiruvananthapuram-principe-british_midland-tickets.html | 2013-12-10T12:48:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164018912/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204133338-00026-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.880383 | 299 | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__47143200 | en | Thiruvananthapuram Principe British Midland
The information about British Midland is not available currently.
The average delay in British Midland flight departure from Thiruvananthapuram was 0 minutes.The average delay in British Midland flight arrival in Thiruvananthapuram was 0 minutes.
The average delay in British Midland flight departure from Principe was 0 minutes.The average delay in British Midland flight arrival in Principe was 0 minutes.
Check Thiruvananthapuram to Principe international flight schedules, international flight status, and flight number for British Midland . MakeMyTrip India offers cheapest International Air Travel Tickets between Thiruvananthapuram and Principe with British Midland .
The Information is not available currently.
Principe is a small island situated in island nation of Sao Tome and Principe or officially called the Democratic Republic of Sao Tome and Principe. Situated in the Gulf of Guinea, Principe is actuall
Cheap International Thiruvananthapuram to Principe British Midland air tickets at MakeMyTrip India. Best Deals at Lowest fares guaranteed on flights from Thiruvananthapuram to Principe by British Midland International Travel. Check British Midland booking, International Flight number, Flight status, Schedules online from Thiruvananthapuram to Principe . | aerospace | 1 |
https://armscontrolcenter.org/tag/missile-defense/page/2/ | 2023-10-03T08:30:34 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233511055.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20231003060619-20231003090619-00264.warc.gz | 0.939724 | 356 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__36281604 | en | Published in PoliticoPro Click here to read the piece. (paywall.) By Kate Brennan Published in PoliticoPro on December 12, 2012 North Korea’s successful rocket launch Wednesday energized Republican calls in Washington for increased investment in U.S. missile defense.
Research group questions proposed missile site at Fort Drum By Gordon Block The placement of missiles in the East, potentially at Fort Drum, may not do much to help in the nation’s defense and could result in billions of dollars in unnecessary spending, according to a handful of military policy experts with reservations about the […]
Israel developing next missile defense system with Raytheon By Bryan Bender WASHINGTON — Israel’s ability to shoot down hundreds of rockets fired by Hamas militants this past week has been hailed as a breakthrough in missile defense. But, military analysts warn, the real challenge is only beginning. Click here to read the rest of the […]
Navy OKs $1B for missile called flawed by weapons tester By Tony Capaccio Bloomberg News WASHINGTON — The U.S. Navy approved an Alliant Techsystems Inc. anti-radar missile for full production valued at as much as $1.1 billion, even though the Pentagon’s chief tester says the weapon’s performance flaws “largely negate” its “ability to accomplish […]
“Report Critiques U.S. Missile Defense” By Tom Z. Collina Arms Control Today Arguing that the U.S.-based ballistic missile interceptor system is “very expensive” but has “limited effectiveness” against potential attacks from Iran, a September report by the independent National Research Council recommends replacing the current system with a revamped but largely similar system and […] | aerospace | 1 |
https://millenniumspace.applytojob.com/apply/x21daLtodQ/Advanced-Concepts-Modeling-And-Simulation-Engineer | 2018-10-20T08:48:18 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-43/segments/1539583512679.76/warc/CC-MAIN-20181020080138-20181020101638-00136.warc.gz | 0.901377 | 310 | CC-MAIN-2018-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-43__0__133910661 | en | Millennium Space Systems, A Boeing Company delivers affordable, high-performance space systems for exacting customers. At Millennium, you will be part of a close-knit team working on exciting technological problems. We work in an open environment where ideas are shared across all disciplines, and there are ample opportunities for advancement based on excellence. Superstars are welcome.
As the Advanced Concepts Modeling and Simulation Engineer you will develop new algorithms, write simulations, and analyze key performance parameters associated with advanced space and ground sensor system designs. The candidate should have demonstrated experience developing, simulating, evaluating, and presenting space and ground based system level performance analysis. This position supports our advanced concepts modeling and simulation group assisting in new business development, external proposals, mission level requirements analysis, internal R&D projects, on-orbit operations, patents, external publications, and presentations.
Benefits and Perks
Millennium Space Systems offers a very competitive benefits package to include medical, dental, vision, and 401k plan.
Before applying, please note:
Millennium is DDTC-registered, ITAR-compliant Company. This position is located at a facility that requires special access. Applicants MUST be U.S. citizens and eligible for a security clearance. Additionally, applicants must be willing to apply for and maintain a security clearance. We are proud to be an Affirmative Action/Equal Opportunity Employer. We encourage veterans, disabled veterans and disabled individuals to apply for any open position for which they feel they are qualified. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.airliners.net/forum/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=190625 | 2016-10-24T19:42:37 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2016-44/segments/1476988719677.59/warc/CC-MAIN-20161020183839-00120-ip-10-171-6-4.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.988237 | 321 | CC-MAIN-2016-44 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2016-44__0__75196581 | en | Of all of the airlines I worked for, next to Air Florida, Carnival was probably the most fun. We had a great group of flight crews (few whiny pilots - a real rarity) and some great F/A's and ground people. That place was like a family (a little dysfunctional at times, but what family isn't). The mechanics at ISP
, PSE, BQN and LAX
were all top-notch and, for the most part, took great pride in their work and were great troubleshooters!
We also had some of the most caring people to work with. One of our mechanics came down with Hodgkin's Lymphoma and everyone pitched in to help this guy nightly (he showed up at work some nights almost unable to walk, but came in every night anyway) and we even et-up, through our VP
of Maintenance's help, to transfer our banked sick time to him so that he wouldn't have to worry about bills while he was getting treatments! I'm sure that other places have these things but that was the first time I had been introduced to it at an airline.
It was a great place to work but then the blue ball came and Uncle Marty screwed it all up. Alas, another notch on the socket wrench!
Freight Dogs Anonymous - O.O.T.S.K.
[Edited 2003-03-19 04:30:25]
DAMN! This SUCKS! I just had to go to the next higher age bracket in my profile! :-( | aerospace | 1 |
http://hugojunkers.bplaced.net/junkers-ef112.html | 2022-05-27T21:46:46 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-21/segments/1652663006341.98/warc/CC-MAIN-20220527205437-20220527235437-00270.warc.gz | 0.937341 | 333 | CC-MAIN-2022-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-21__0__40888694 | en | from Herwig/Rhode "Geheimprojekte der Luftwaffe III"
The EF112 was developed upon a RLM request of 1942 for a quick attack bomber aircraft, which should be used as a support aircraft for ground forces. The estonishing short fuselage of the design contained a single seated cockpit, a bomb bay for 500kg of bombs and two DB603G engines, one in front and one behind of the cockpit, as it was later known from the Dornier Do335. The wing section was mounted on two booms, which were connected via the vertical tail unit in the rear.
The EF112 was proposed to the RLM in December 1942. However, it seems, that this design did not satisfy the RLM and all further work was stopped.
|wing area |
|net weight |
|Junkers EF112||1942||2 x Daimler-Benz DB603G (1460PS)||10,70||12,80||n.a.||n.a.||500kg bombs||1||760||n.a.|
introduced Jul 1996, transfered Aug 2017
contents last updated 17 Aug 2003 | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.pacaf.af.mil/News/Photos/igphoto/2000899103/ | 2023-03-29T09:22:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296948965.80/warc/CC-MAIN-20230329085436-20230329115436-00766.warc.gz | 0.850226 | 244 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__263304886 | en | Official websites use .mil
Secure .mil websites use HTTPS
U.S. Air Force F-16 Fighting Falcons with the 35th Fighter Wing fly a training mission over Misawa Air Base, Japan, Feb. 14, 2013. The F-16 is the sixth generation aircraft of the Wild Weasels whose mission is the Suppression of Enemy Air Defenses, or SEAD. (Photo by Jake Melampy)
No camera details available.
This photograph is considered public domain and has been cleared for release.
If you would like to republish please give the photographer appropriate credit.
Further, any commercial or non-commercial use of this photograph or any other
DoD image must be made in compliance with guidance found at
which pertains to intellectual property restrictions (e.g., copyright and
trademark, including the use of official emblems, insignia, names and slogans), warnings
regarding use of images of identifiable personnel, appearance of endorsement, and related matters. | aerospace | 1 |
http://fastfoodreviewed.com/new-south-wales/how-to-learn-using-ailerons-with-radio-control-aircraft.php | 2019-05-24T07:08:17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-22/segments/1558232257553.63/warc/CC-MAIN-20190524064354-20190524090354-00512.warc.gz | 0.895873 | 957 | CC-MAIN-2019-22 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-22__0__41904124 | en | Sig Kadet Sinorita Discuss radio control eflight
5/03/2015 · Tipping the plane means using the ailerons. If you want a wingtip to go up, you need to generate more lift. If you want a wingtip to go up, you need to generate more lift. So you're trying to turn left, you tip the stick to the left, and now the plane is tipping left.... BASIC SET UP for AIRCRAFT USING 2 CHANNELS and 2 SERVOS EACH for AILERONS, ELEVATORS and RUDDER What lies before you is an attempt to provide a set of written procedures to take you step-by-step through the
Plane radio altimeter and Arduino details – Greg Wilson
Learning to fly RC airplanes - ground school. If you're thinking of learning to fly rc airplanes, my little ground school here will give you some fundamental but essential info on the basics of radio control …... Aircraft can be designed (with relatively large dihedral) to fly without ailerons, using only rudder (and the roll coupling that the dihedral produces) for both directional and roll control. Without this designed-in coupling, rudder-only input generally results mainly in a skid, with only a small bank (and as noted in other answers, a very inefficient turn).
what is the use of Rudder when having Ailerons to turn
I designed and built a 1/4-scale Sopwith Camel for sport flying. Powered by a Zenoah G-38 gas engine, this 85-inch-span WW I biplane is a great flyer, but like most biplanes, it suffers from a fair amount of adverse yaw when the ailerons are moved. how to help teach baby to sit up The hobbyzone RC plane comes with a four-channel control with rudder, elevator, working throttle and ailerons. Control is through a compact 2.4 GHz radio transmitter. You can teach yourself to fly on different terrain with a steerable tail wheel.
Aileron Differential Explained Your Guide To Radio
Using the throttle and the brake pedals you can control the speed of the aircraft and cause it to turn on the ground. The brakes can be very useful when taxiing slowly on the runway. You can also steer the nose-wheel of the aircraft. how to give up ice without getting angry Radio Control Ground School. Peter Ridout , MAAC 45527 Member NSF May 2013 Rev. 10. Purpose of this Course. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation Peter Ridout , MAAC 45527 Member NSF May 2013 Rev. 10. Purpose of this Course.
How long can it take?
How do I set up Pull-Pull controls? rcfaq.com's radio
- For Beginners – Hardin County Radio Control Modelers
- Aileron Differential Why it's so important and how to set
- Flying Sites R/C Aero Portal - NEWCOMERS - USEFUL ADVICE
- Airfield Models Step-By-Step Radio Control Model
How To Learn Using Ailerons With Radio Control Aircraft
Basically I toss the wing with my left hand, while using my right hand on the right stick of the radio transmitter to control ailerons and elevators. The key advantage of launching this way is the ability to control the wing once it’s in the air.
- Combining the function of ailerons and elevators into a single set of control surfaces, elevons are found on Delta wing or flying wing style RC aircraft. On this type of aircraft the wings are enlarged and extend to the back of the plane. There is no separate horizontal stabilizer where you would find the elevators on conventional straight-wing aircraft.
- I designed and built a 1/4-scale Sopwith Camel for sport flying. Powered by a Zenoah G-38 gas engine, this 85-inch-span WW I biplane is a great flyer, but like most biplanes, it suffers from a fair amount of adverse yaw when the ailerons are moved.
- Today, however, using separate aileron servos and the aileron differential program menu in your computer radio has greatly simplified the task. But before we take a closer look, let’s first check out the mechanics of our model during a turn or a roll to understand why aileron differential is so important.
- This article, part of the Arduino Radio Control Model Plane Altitude Hold series, describes the hardware environment for the project. I’ll be using the duinotech Nano for this project. I bought | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.air-bay.com/index.php?main_page=index&cPath=1_77 | 2023-12-04T02:29:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100523.4/warc/CC-MAIN-20231204020432-20231204050432-00138.warc.gz | 0.941842 | 152 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__25467488 | en | KP - Kovozavody Prostejov
The KP (Kovozávody Prostějov) factory was established in Prostějov (former Czechoslovakia) in 1953 and an employee, Jaroslav Zatloukal, pilot and aircraft modeller started the production of plastic model kits in 1969. The first model designed by him was the famous Czech subsonic jet trainer 1/72 scale Aero L-29 Delfín (Dolphin) which reached model shops in the 70's. At the time this was among the first plastic model kits in Europe. Have a look at it!
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Your IP Address is: 220.127.116.11 | aerospace | 1 |
https://turkmenportal.com/en/blog/44404/astronomers-have-found-a-new-object-in-the-solar-system | 2022-08-11T11:46:27 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571284.54/warc/CC-MAIN-20220811103305-20220811133305-00196.warc.gz | 0.957035 | 181 | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__210231772 | en | The new solar system object, orbiting behind Neptune, has been spotted by Vatican astronomers. Space object 2021 XD7 makes a full circle around the Sun in 286 years. Its dimensions are presumably smaller than the dwarf planet Pluto. As mir24 notes, the orbit of 2021 XD7 has an unusual shape and is titled much more than that of Earth and Mars. According to scientists, thanks to this feature, they will be able to find the mysterious Ninth Planet, since changes in the orbits of trans-Neptunian bodies are associated with the gravity of an object. It is assumed that the unknown planet is about four times the size of the Earth, and a complete revolution around the Sun in an extremely elongated orbit should take from 10 to 20 thousand years. According to preliminary calculations, the Ninth planet is located at a distance of 46,5 billion miles from the Sun (74,8 billion km). | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.skiesmag.com/news/swiftly-and-surely-on-d-day-430-squadron-and-the-normandy-invasion/ | 2020-09-29T17:19:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400202418.22/warc/CC-MAIN-20200929154729-20200929184729-00076.warc.gz | 0.978138 | 502 | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__255527228 | en | We share highlights from Airshow London SkyDrive 2020, fly along with the Waterloo Warbirds in a formation clinic, and get the lowdown on Vans RV aircraft, Chorus Aviation, and Spidertracks.
Seventy-five years ago on June 6, 1944, the Allies landed in Normandy, an event that is also known as “D-Day.” The massive military operation allowed the Allies to establish a foothold in Western Europe, which would lead to the fall of Nazi Germany less than a year later.
430 Squadron was authorized on Jan. 1, 1943 as 430 (Army-Cooperation) Squadron. On June 28, 1943, it was redesignated as 430 (Fighter Reconnaissance) Squadron. It was based in Odiham, England, and flew Mustang Mk 1 aircraft.
At 5 a.m. on the morning of D-Day, 430 Squadron flew the first of its 30 air reconnaissance sorties of the day. During an afternoon outing, three of the squadron’s aircraft were intercepted by six German Focke-Wulf Fw-190 fighters. Flying Officer J.S. Cox lost his life when his aircraft was shot down by enemy fighters; he was 23 years old. His two squadron mates managed to escape the pursuers.
The information obtained throughout the course of the day using aerial photography was of paramount importance for subsequent Allied operations. The most remarkable observation was the discovery, and capture on camera, of 60 German tanks and armoured vehicles near the city of Caen by Flight Lt J.B. Prendergast and Flying Officer C.E. Butchart. 430 Squadron thus contributed to accurately informing the Allies of the upcoming advance on Caen.
Flight Lt Prendergast was later awarded the prestigious Distinguished Flying Cross. In all, nine pilots from 430 Squadron were awarded this military decoration during the Second World War.
As a way of officially recognizing 430 Squadron’s participation in D-Day operations and the subsequent campaign, the “Normandy 1944” battle honour is emblazoned on the squadron’s standard (also known as its “Colour”).
430 Tactical Helicopter Squadron is now located at Valcartier, Que., and is part of 1 Wing, which is headquartered in Kingston, Ont. The squadron flies CH-146 Griffon helicopters, and its motto is Celeriter Certoque – Swiftly and Surely. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.techtimes.com/articles/137160/20160228/spacex-readies-for-sunday-launch-of-falcon-9-rocket.htm | 2022-01-28T19:48:54 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-05/segments/1642320306335.77/warc/CC-MAIN-20220128182552-20220128212552-00495.warc.gz | 0.958699 | 464 | CC-MAIN-2022-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-05__0__33740993 | en | SpaceX has, for the third time, cancelled the launch of one of its Falcon 9 rockets on Sunday, Feb. 28, after flight computers shut down the ignition sequence. The reason is still unclear.
The SES-9 satellite is designed to deliver HD television programming to the nations of Southeast Asia. This spacecraft will also be among the most advanced ever placed in orbit to provide media to that region of the world.
"The Falcon 9 remains healthy in advance of SpaceX and SES's mission to deliver the SES-9 satellite to Geostationary Transfer Orbit. Out of an abundance of caution, the team opted to hold launch for today to ensure liquid oxygen temperatures are as cold as possible in an effort to maximize performance of the vehicle," SpaceX officials reported following the decision to scrub the planned liftoff on Feb. 25.
Start of the mission was delayed twice by mission engineers at the Luxembourg-based private space agency. The rocket was just two minutes from liftoff on Feb. 25 when mission planners scrubbed the flight, as liquid oxygen was being loaded into the vehicle. The temperature of the fuel component played a major role in the decision to postpone the launch during the first liftoff attempt.
One of the more unusual features of the Falcon 9 design is the method by which the first stage of the rocket lands vertically on a floating platform. So far, a successful landing has proven elusive for developers.
"This mission is going to a Geostationary Transfer Orbit. Following stage separation, the first stage of the Falcon 9 will attempt an experimental landing on the 'Of Course I Still Love You' droneship. Given this mission's unique GTO profile, a successful landing is not expected," mission planners stated [pdf].
In addition to delivering television broadcasts to 22 million households in southeastern Asia, the SES-9 satellite will also transmit broadband services to remote areas of the region. Passengers aboard sea vessels and airplanes traveling in the Indian Ocean and surrounding areas will also be able to take advantage of the communications signal provided by the craft.
SpaceX was founded by PayPal developer Elon Musk, becoming part of a new wave of private developers sending payloads into orbit.
Built by Boeing, the SES-9 is designed to last 15 years in orbit. | aerospace | 1 |
https://netcomposites.com/news/2018/june/05/hexcel-and-future-aerospace-to-open-composites-lab-in-shanghai/ | 2018-08-14T08:57:38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221208750.9/warc/CC-MAIN-20180814081835-20180814101835-00032.warc.gz | 0.908853 | 481 | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__46361455 | en | 05 June 2018
05 June 2018
Hexcel has formed a joint venture with Chinese aerospace parts manufacturer Future Aerospace to establish a materials testing facility in China.
Shanghai Future Aerospace Hexcel Commercial Composite Testing will be located in Lingang and will provide a world-class laboratory for the Shanghai area, offering testing services to commercial aerospace industries in China and Asia Pacific.
This new facility will provide China with an aerospace standard material test laboratory to ease material qualification and support certification for new programmes. Expected activities at the site include the testing of composite laminate specimens, material qualifications, and support for customers’ supply chains in China.
Operations at the new site are expected to begin in September 2018 and will include the manufacture of composite coupons for mechanical testing, building on the work that Hexcel already carries out for the aerospace industry at facilities in Europe and the US with expertise in structural composite testing and qualifications.
“I am delighted that we are joining with Future Aerospace to establish this world-class composite materials testing facility in China,” states Thierry Merlot, Hexcel President, Aerospace – Europe, Middle East and Asia. “This investment is in response to local customer demand and demonstrates our commitment to support the commercial aerospace industry’s growing use of composite materials in China.”
“We are pleased to partner with Hexcel,” says Han Hua, Chairman of Future Aerospace. “The collaboration enables Future Aerospace and Hexcel to play a key role in supporting the development and implementation of composite material applications in commercial aerospace industries in China for both Chinese and global aerospace customers.”
Continental Structural Plastics (CSP) will install a sheet moulding compound (SMC) production line at its facility in Pouance, France, to support the need for its composite formulations in Europe.
Solvay has celebrated the groundbreaking of its Greenville, Texas, US, manufacturing footprint expansion that increases the site’s resin mixing capacity to meet the growing needs of commercial and military aerospace composite customers.
Premium Aerotec, Faurecia Clean Mobility and Solvay have launched the research group IRG CosiMo: Composites for Sustainable Mobility, which will focus on the development of materials and process technologies to enable the high volume production of thermoplastic composites for the aerospace and automotive markets. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.cuava.com.au/delivery-of-eddi-payload-for-cuava-2/ | 2023-12-03T00:50:08 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100476.94/warc/CC-MAIN-20231202235258-20231203025258-00044.warc.gz | 0.942755 | 173 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__169050281 | en | CUAVA has reached a major milestone in our mission to launch CUAVA-2 in early 2024. We are thrilled to announce that we have received all partner payloads, including the delivery of the Electron Density and Debris Instrument (EDDI).
The EDDI payload is an impressive piece of technology, designed at the School of Physics, University of Sydney, led by Quinn Musulin, Iver Cairns, Joe Khachan, and Philip Leong. The primary purpose of the EDDI instrument is to measure Earth’s ionospheric plasma density and temperature. It is also designed to detect sub-mm particle impacts on a satellite’s body. To accomplish this, the instrument continuously measures the electric field spectrum around the satellite using a dipole antenna connected to a custom-built PCB for signal amplification and processing. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.wkow.com/story/12499613/airtran-pilots-grant-union-authority-to-call-strike | 2018-08-16T00:24:26 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-34/segments/1534221210387.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20180815235729-20180816015729-00074.warc.gz | 0.953896 | 245 | CC-MAIN-2018-34 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-34__0__5735054 | en | MILWAUKEE (WKOW) -- The union leadership of AirTran Airways pilots announced Monday that its members have overwhelmingly approved a measure granting them the authority to call a strike if contract talks fail.
According to Air Line Pilots Association, a resounding 97.5 percent of pilots voted in favor of the strike ballot. More than 96 percent of eligible pilots participated in the polling.
"This vote serves as notice to AirTran management that we are united and resolved to get an industry-standard contract now," said Linden Hillman, Chairman of the AirTran chapter of the Air Line Pilots Association, Int'l. "We do not want a strike, we want a contract. The time has passed to get this done."
AirTran and its pilots have been in contract talks for more than five years. AirTran pilots are paid significantly less than industry-standard, and are seeking a contract that rewards them for their contribution to the success of the airline.
Founded in 1931, the Air Line Pilots Association represents 53,000 pilots at 38 airlines in the United States and Canada, including the more than 1,600 pilots at AirTran Airways. | aerospace | 1 |
https://invisible-jet.net/nasa-invites-comments-on-initial-plans-for-mars-sample-return-program/ | 2022-08-12T13:02:31 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571692.3/warc/CC-MAIN-20220812105810-20220812135810-00000.warc.gz | 0.939263 | 414 | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__140714814 | en | NASA invites comments on initial plans for Mars sample return program
Press release from: NASA HQ
Posted: Friday April 29th 2022
NASA is seeking public comment on the scope of a draft environmental impact statement for the agency’s proposed Mars Sample Return (MSR) campaign. Comments will be accepted by mail and online until Monday, May 16, 2022.
The agency is also hosting two virtual town hall meetings on the proposed program at 3:00 p.m. EDT on Wednesday, May 4, 2022 and at 8:00 p.m. on Thursday, May 5, 2022, at:
An audio-only stream of the public meetings will be available at 510-210-8882, meeting number 901-525-785. The Webex online stream of meetings will include real-time automated captioning. It is not necessary to register in advance for the meetings. The meeting website will be available to participants approximately 15 minutes before the start of the event.
NASA and the European Space Agency plan to use robotic orbiter and lander missions to Mars launched in 2027 and 2028 to collect samples collected by NASA’s Perseverance rover. The samples, safely isolated inside a robust Earth Entry System using a layered “container-in-a-container” approach, could be brought to Earth in the early 2030s. would then be transported to a dedicated MSR sample receiving facility.
Public meetings will include briefings on the status of the National Environmental Policy Act process for the proposed program, as well as its purpose and scientific objectives. The meetings will also cover why the US Air Force-operated Utah Test and Training Range is the proposed landing site for the samples, and what planners are doing to ensure the safe and secure return of the samples – a subject known as planetary backward protection.
NASA will consider all comments received during the scoping process in the further development of the draft MSR Environmental Impact Statement, which is currently expected to be released for public comment later this year.
// to finish // | aerospace | 1 |
https://handofmoscow.com/2018/02/04/the-russian-space-forces-will-receive-more-than-100-modern-aircraft-and-helicopters/ | 2020-09-18T16:11:43 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-40/segments/1600400188049.8/warc/CC-MAIN-20200918155203-20200918185203-00699.warc.gz | 0.937297 | 296 | CC-MAIN-2020-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-40__0__288345230 | en | Photo: Vitaly ANEC / RIA Novosti
Air and space forces (VKS) Russia this year will receive more than 100 new and upgraded aircraft and helicopters. On Sunday, February 4, reported on the website of the Russian Ministry of defense.
In particular, VCS will give the su-35S and su-30SM, su-34, Ka-52, Mi-28 and Mi-8 of different modifications, and other types of aircraft.
“In addition, the planned supply of more than 10 sets of divisional air defense systems s-400 anti-aircraft missile and gun complexes “Carapace-s”,” — said in the defense Ministry.
It noted that last year, VCS got almost 200 modern aircraft and helicopters and more than 100 pieces of weapons and missile defense. So, in December 2017 at the experimental combat duty to intercede unified space system, as well as three new radar station “Voronezh” system of missile warning.
Earlier in February, the head of the Federation Council Committee on defense Viktor Bondarev said that the Russian army will soon begin to do the latest hypersonic weapons. “We have a large backlog of modern conventional weapons, in particular, high precision. (…) Thus, strategic deterrence will be ensured even non-nuclear part of our Arsenal,” he explained.
Video, photo All from Russia. | aerospace | 1 |
http://aviation-history.com/garber/vg-bldg/waterman_whatsit-1_c.html | 2023-06-07T21:32:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654016.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607211505-20230608001505-00568.warc.gz | 0.960875 | 279 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__263561085 | en | Waldo Waterman, pioneer (1909) west-coast pilot built the tailless, tricycle gear, pusher engine design and first tested it in 1932. Also featured wing sweepback, wingtip drag elements, and elevon controls, and was one of the first tricycle-gear designs with steerable nose wheel. Apparent fault found in limited flight tests--relationship of thrust line to vertical center of pressure was critical in tailless airplane. Apparently, little work done on it during next several months. In 1933, Director of Bureau of Air Commerce, Eugene Vidal, suggested "that if some manufacturer could produce a foolproof airplane in large quantities and market it at a low figure, a new phase of the aircraft industry could be developed." Whatsit again ready fro flight 1934 with practically no changes. A safety airplane competition sponsored by the Bureau announced about 1934, and Whatsit, renamed Arrowplane, became first to be accepted for competition (won by Pitcairn AC- 35). Waterman recognized his design wasn't the complete answer to foolproof, low-cost criteria, but he felt it was a major step toward perfecting tailless design. Waterman Arrowplane Corp. formed soon afterwards. Roadable design, Arrowbile, evolved from Arrowplane and was completed 1937. Only 6 built (spelling later changed to Aerobile). | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.travelweek.ca/news/malaysias-civil-aviation-chief-makes-recommendations-icao-safety-meeting/ | 2023-05-28T18:43:53 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224644506.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20230528182446-20230528212446-00710.warc.gz | 0.957342 | 596 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__47205466 | en | MONTREAL – Malaysia’s civil aviation chief has used a high-level international safety conference in Montreal to call for change after two unprecedented tragedies involving his country’s major airline last year.
In his opening remarks on Monday, Azharuddin Abdul Rahman praised the International Civil Aviation Organization for creating an aircraft tracking task force.
It was set up within weeks of the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight MH370,which went down on March 17, 2014, while flying from Kuala Lumpur to Beijing with 239 people on board.
The incident was officially declared an accident by Malaysian officials last week.
“For this, ICAO deserves high praise, but more must be done,” he told delegates gathered at ICAO’s Montreal headquarters. “In this millennium age, the facts that an airplane could go missing and the flight recorders could not be recovered are unacceptable.”
The senior Malaysian official called for the real-time global tracking of commercial aircraft as soon as possible and extending the transmission life of underwater locator beacons installed on aircraft flight recorders.
“We cannot delay implementing changes in the way global commercial aviation operates,” Azharuddin said.
He also told the conference that, when it comes to flight risks, there should be mandatory reporting of relevant information to a centralized computer system to ensure that information would be promptly shared.
That particular recommendation was in response to Malaysia Airlines Flight MH17, which was shot down by a surface-to-air missile on July 17, 2014 while flying over a war-torn section of Ukraine.
Azharuddin reminded dignitaries of the 1944 convention in Chicago that set up ICAO and expressly prohibited the use of weapons against civilian aircraft.
“We continue to demand that those responsible be brought to justice,” Azharuddin said.
The president of the ICAO’s governing council said that total accidents were down roughly seven per cent in 2014, with only 2.7 incidents for every million flights.
At the same time, fatalities were up due to high-profile accidents like the two Malaysian airline tragedies, said Olumuyiwa Benard Aliu.
He said that in light of MH370, global tracking of flights must be a priority and that practical solutions are needed to deal with the challenges brought to light by the shooting down of MH17.
Michael Huerta, who runs the U.S. Federal Aviation Administration, told the conference in the past, ICAO’s approach was to study the causes of accidents after they occurred.
“The new way of doing business is to use safety data to identify hazards and modify operations to prevent incidents before they happen,” he said.
Huerta noted that just last week, the U.S. and ICAO signed a data sharing agreement which he described as a great step forward. | aerospace | 1 |
http://portaltotheuniverse.org/blogs/posts/view/310135/ | 2020-01-24T21:23:38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-05/segments/1579250625097.75/warc/CC-MAIN-20200124191133-20200124220133-00057.warc.gz | 0.929221 | 115 | CC-MAIN-2020-05 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-05__0__77939972 | en | Engineers at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory at Pasadena have put the Mars Curiosity Rover into a one month hibernation starting on 4 April. The reason is that the planetary alignment of Mars puts the sun and its atmosphere of highly charged particles more or less directly in the way of direct communications between Mars and Earth which makes commanding the spacecraft difficult. A basic signal transmitted from the rover effectively saying ”I am still alive” can still be received but commanding the rover has been suspended until 1 May.
Mars Rover Curiosity will be asleep for a while. Courtesy: NASA/JPL | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.telespazio.com/-/50-years-operations | 2019-07-23T20:04:34 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-30/segments/1563195529664.96/warc/CC-MAIN-20190723193455-20190723215455-00245.warc.gz | 0.947837 | 566 | CC-MAIN-2019-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-30__0__72594507 | en | Telespazio celebrates 50 years of operations
On 18 October 2011 Telespazio, a joint venture between Finmeccanica (67%) and Thales (33%), will celebrate its first 50 years of operations. Founded on 18 October 1961 – thanks to the vision of the chairman of Italcable, Carlo Enrico Martinato, and the CEO of RAI (the Italian state broadcaster) Marcello Rodinò di Miglione – the company's aim was to experiment with new forms of telecommunication using man-made satellites.
With the creation of Telespazio, Italy thus officially joined the select group of active participants in new space-based broadcasting – the other members being the US, USSR, France, and the UK.
From early 1962, with the installation of the first antenna in the Fucino plain, Telespazio’s engineers and technicians, led by Piero Fanti, worked day and night on the “pioneering” phase of this project. The first broadcasts were made using the Telstar and Relay-1 satellites and, from 1964, the first transatlantic broadcasts of sounds and images were achieved. It took only a few months to move successfully from the experimental phase to the start of commercial services, with the launch, in 1965, of Intelsat’s Early Bird satellite. Telespazio soon took on a leading role in the space communications market, broadening and diversifying its area of activity over the years.
Today, Telespazio possesses an international network of space centres and teleports, and operates throughout the world through many subsidiaries. It is a leader in sectors ranging from the design and development of space centres to the management of the launch and in-orbit control of satellites, as well as Earth observation, integrated communications, navigation and satellite location services, not to mention scientific programmes.
With the exhibition Telespazio – 50 anni di storia spaziale (Telespazio – 50 Years of Space History), which will open at the Ara Pacis museum in Rome on Tuesday 18 October, opening to the public from 19 to 21 October, the company will look back over the significant events in its first 50 years, through images, installations and a documentary by RAI Storia. This is a story that is intertwined with the history of the conquest of space, which began with the launch of the Soviet Sputnik satellite in 1957. The book by Giovanni Caprara, Dallo Spazio alla Terra – Una storia di uomini e tecnologie, (From Space to Earth – a History of Men and Technology], published by Mondadori Electa, will be presented during the course of the event. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.killsometime.com/search/all/Testing/random/2 | 2014-07-23T20:30:41 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2014-23/segments/1405997883468.51/warc/CC-MAIN-20140722025803-00053-ip-10-33-131-23.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.940138 | 159 | CC-MAIN-2014-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2014-23__0__34613718 | en | I wouldn't want to be anywhere near where these missiles land.
What an idiot! He's lucky he didn't slip into hypothermia or shock.
Figure out how much of an idiot you are.
That must be some insane super glue!
Launch your crash test dummy through various stages. Upgrades include faster cars, jetpacks, armors and more. How far can you launch your dummy?
Looks like Poland is ready for the next world war!
This is exactly why you should wear your seatbelts!
Check out what this guy has to do for a sobriety test.
A crash proof motorcycle test goes horribly wrong on live TV.
The Peregrine Hybrid Sounding Rocket motor underwent a developmental ground test at NASA Ames Research Center. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.jasp-online.org/asjournal/summer-2022/3579-2/ | 2023-12-10T21:03:03 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679102637.84/warc/CC-MAIN-20231210190744-20231210220744-00433.warc.gz | 0.924276 | 4,261 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__281542243 | en | EVALUATING SHiELD AS A COST-EFFECTIVE SURVIVABILITY ENHANCEMENT FOR LATE-GENERATION AIRCRAFT
By Wen Xiang Ong and Christopher Adams
When operating in a man-made hostile environment, a fourth-generation fighter aircraft (such as an F-15 Eagle or F-16 Fighting Falcon) would likely be more susceptible to adversarial air-to-air and surface-to-air missile threats when compared against the more modern and stealthier fifth-generation counterparts (such as an F-22 Raptor or F-35 Joint Strike Fighter) . Expendable countermeasures such as chaff and flares are currently deployed to defend the aircraft against such threats. However, the effectiveness of these countermeasures is highly dependent on the aircrew’s judgement regarding when to deploy them to achieve the highest probability of survivability and whether the incoming missiles are “smart” enough to distinguish the countermeasures vs. the actual target . Such countermeasures are also limited in quantities—once they are expended, the aircraft would have no other tools to defend itself against incoming threats. Accordingly, against a backdrop of increasingly complex air-to-air missiles, increasingly accurate and lethal air defense capabilities, and ongoing developments in hypersonic missiles, enhanced combat survivability of late-generation fighter aircraft is needed.
This article presents a fundamental evaluation of enhancement to a fourth- and fifth-generation fighter aircraft’s combat survivability through the deployment of a tactical airborne laser system—such as the Self-Protect High Energy Laser Demonstrator (SHiELD)—as a survivability enhancement feature (SEF). A system-level study applying the concepts of aircraft combat survivability to a notional combat scenario was designed and modelled using Monte Carlo simulations to analyze the enhancement to combat survivability. Subsequently, a cost effectiveness analysis of the tactical airborne laser pod was performed to understand whether its deployment on the current and next-generation fighter aircraft might make it a worthwhile, cost-effective aircraft combat SEF in the future.
[Authors’ Note: The names of specific fighter platforms in this article are included for illustrative purposes only and do not reflect actual platform-specific test/analysis data. In addition, the potential system characteristics described herein are taken from information available in open literature, and the modeling and simulation of systems are for conceptual analysis only.]
SHiELD: A NEW LIGHT IN THE FIGHT
The Air Force Research Laboratory—in collaboration with Lockheed Martin, Northrup Grumman, and Boeing—has developed the SHiELD tactical airborne laser pod to be installed on fighter aircraft and potentially defeat incoming surface-to-air and air-to-air missile threats . With SHiELD’s wide field of regard, it can “see” incoming threats, maintain direct line of sight, and direct its laser beam to engage threats without needing the pilot to execute evasive maneuvers. The system’s beam control and turret were also designed to compensate for the turbulent effects of transonic flight regime. In addition, the host aircraft can recharge SHiELD’s battery without the need to replace its entire power generation system .
As a pod-mounted weapon system, SHiELD would be compatible with many fighter aircraft platforms, including fourth- and fifth-generation platforms. Lockheed has conducted a significant number of flight tests and hopes to improve the power output of directed energy systems in the coming years [5, 6]. It should be noted, however, that adding an external pod to a fifth-generation fighter could significantly increase the radar signature to an unacceptable level depending on the threats encountered on the mission.
SHiELD comprises three key subsystems: (1) the Laser Advancements for Next-generation Compact Environments (LANCE) high-energy laser (HEL), an electrically powered fiber laser by Lockheed Martin; (2) the SHiELD Turret Research in Aero Effects (STRAFE) beam control subsystem by Northrop Grumman; and (3) the Laser Pod Research and Development (LPRD) subsystem for the external aircraft pod, from which the HEL would be powered and cooled, by Boeing [7, 8].
By early 2021, SHiELD’s key subsystems had achieved significant project milestones. The Air Force successfully flew test flights using an F-15 mounted with Boeing’s test pod and shot down air-launched missiles from a ground-based version of the LANCE HEL .
MODELING AIRCRAFT COMBAT SURVIVABILITY
The concept of aircraft combat survivability, as developed by the Naval Postgraduate School’s Dr. Robert Ball, revolves around two keywords: susceptibility and vulnerability . In an engagement scenario, the probabilistic kill chain is defined by the susceptibility and the vulnerability probabilities, where susceptibility refers to the inability to avoid threats and is represented by a P(Hit)—or P(H)—while vulnerability is defined as the inability for the aircraft to withstand damage inflicted and is represented by P(Kill|Hit)—or P(K|H).
As shown in Figure 1, susceptibility has been described by the probabilities of the first five phases of the engagement scenario, as seen from the perspective of the enemy’s air defense system. These phases include:
- P(Active)—or P(A);
- P(Detect|Active)—or P(D|A);
- P(Launch|Detect)—or P(L|D);
- P(Intercept|Launch)—or P(I|L);
- P(Hit|Intercept)—or P(H|I).
Two sets of single-shot one-on-one engagement scenarios were modeled for a fourth-generation fighter (such as the F-16) and a fifth-generation fighter (such as the F-35) to be individually engaged by a notional foreign surface-to-air missile system. In the first scenario, the fourth- and fifth-generation fighters were equipped with their respective baseline SEFs, such as an electronic countermeasure suite. However, in the second scenario, the fighters were additionally equipped with the SHiELD pod on their centerline station. During the engagement, each fighter aircraft was modeled to fly individually through an area of operations defended by the notional missile system. A total of 100,000 Monte Carlo simulation runs were performed to calculate the probabilistic outcomes and evaluate the enhancement in probability of survival P(S) for a SHiELD-equipped fighter aircraft vs. a baseline aircraft.
[Authors’ Note: Other than estimated cost, the numbers shown or derived in this article are notional and not representative of any specific system or aircraft, as the intent of this article is simply to provoke discussion on the cost benefit of certain SEFs to combat effectiveness.]
Due to atmospheric attenuation, we could expect SHiELD’s laser beam to have greater effect on the incoming missile during its mid-course intercept phase compared to its initial launch phase. As such, for engagement scenarios involving SHiELD-equipped fighter aircraft, the P(I|L) and P(H|I) values were arbitrarily reduced by mean values of 20% and 50%, respectively, with a 5% standard deviation. For example, as shown in the “Final Percent Reduction” column of Table 1, the P(I|L) was reduced by 17% while the P(H|I) was reduced by 48% in one of the simulations. A standard deviation value of 5% was arbitrarily chosen to represent the differences in the SHiELD pod’s effectiveness due to various factors, such as manufacturing tolerances.
The input parameters used in the Monte Carlo modeling of the single-shot one-on-one engagement scenario for the fourth-generation fighter vs. the notional missile system are shown in Table 2. The parameters were adapted from Kim et al. , which attempted to evaluate the susceptibility of a representative fighter aircraft against a surface-to-air missile threat using the Analytic Hierarchy Process’s (AHP) weighted score algorithm. (Once again, these parameters do not reflect actual test data values and instead serve simply to provide an illustration of the model for readers to better understand.) Also, while external carriage of SHiELD pods on the aircraft will adversely affect the P(D|A) and P(L|D), these effects were largely ignored in the model so as to reduce the variables and instead focus solely on the enhancements to survivability due to the SHiELD pods.
For the fifth-generation fighter vs. missile system engagements, the input parameters are as shown in Table 3. As the notional fifth-generation fighter was designed with stealth capabilities and has a significantly reduced radar cross section compared to the fourth-generation fighter, the input parameters for the baseline fifth-generation fighter vs. missile system were arbitrarily determined by assuming that the fifth-generation fighter P(D|A) was 30% lesser than that of the fourth-generation fighter. Similarly, the conditional probabilities P(L|D), P(I|L), and P(H|I) were arbitrarily reduced by 15% when compared to the fourth-generation fighter, as it was assumed that once the fifth-generation fighter was detected and a launch solution calculated, the remaining probabilities of intercept from the engagement would change slightly.
Table 4 shows the results from the Monte Carlo simulations. Note that the average P(S) for the baseline fourth-generation fighter is 0.796, while the SHiELD-equipped fourth-generation fighter yielded significantly better average P(S), at 0.918, which represents a 12.2% survivability enhancement, as shown in Figure 2. For the fifth-generation fighter, the baseline aircraft has an average P(S) of 0.912, and the SHiELD-equipped fifth-generation fighter is 0.965. The fifth-generation fighter, being a stealthier aircraft, already has high P(S) even for its baseline configuration, and SHiELD only marginally enhanced its survivability by 5.3%, as shown in Figure 3. Note also that the SHiELD-equipped fourth-generation fighter was marginally more survivable than the baseline fifth-generation fighter.
Furthermore, when the single-shot one-on-one engagements were extended to 10 engagements, it became clear that as the number of engagements increases, the P(S) decreases. The results from the engagements are shown in Table 5.
For a typical fighter squadron with 24 aircraft, the P(S) values obtained meant that only 0.109×24≈2 baseline fourth-generation fighters would be expected to survive 10 engagements with the missile system. In contrast, 0.434×24≈10 SHiELD-equipped fourth-generation fighters would be expected to survive after the 10 engagements. In that regard, it is evident that the 12.2% susceptibility reduction—or enhancement in P(S)—has a significant impact on the aircraft availability.
For the fifth-generation fighter, the survivability results were considerably better than the fourth-generation fighter, as would be expected for the latest-generation fighter aircraft. The baseline fifth-generation fighter was expected to have 0.405×24≈9 aircraft surviving after 10 engagements. In contrast, the SHiELD-equipped fifth-generation fighter was expected to have 0.702×24≈16 aircraft surviving after 10 engagements due to the 5.3% enhancement in P(S).
COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF SHIELD FOR FOURTH- VS. FIFTH-GENERATION FIGHTERS
Table 6 shows the cost of replacing fighter aircraft when encountering multiple one-on-one engagements with the missile system. Assuming each SHiELD pod costs $2 million (in U.S. dollars), a simple estimation for the total acquisition cost of equipping a squadron of 24 fighter aircraft would be $48 million (using the F-16 as an example). In terms of aircraft, each F-16 costs approximately $30 million, while the conventional F-35A variant costs approximately $80 million, and the short takeoff and vertical landing (STOVL) F-35B variant costs approximately $115 million [12–14].
Based on the model’s assumptions, SHiELD-equipped fighter aircraft achieved significant total cost savings when compared against their baseline configuration. This savings is because the replacement cost for each fighter aircraft was much higher compared to the price of a SHiELD pod.
Now if we use cost figures for some current fighters (such as the F-16, F-35A, and F-35B) as stand-ins for the cost of the notional fourth- and fifth-generation fighters and then apply the output data from the preceding model, we can get a rough idea of the cost benefit of SHiELD. For example, the total cost of replacing 22 attritted baseline F-16’s after 10 engagements would be $660 million, but it costs only $496 million to replace 14 SHiELD-equipped F-16’s. This fact translates to a cost savings of $164 million due to SHiELD. The highest cost savings applying the notional survivability model was achieved when comparing baseline F-35B’s against SHiELD-equipped F-35B’s after 10 engagements, at $741 million. Overall, it thus appears more cost-effective to equip these expensive fighter aircraft with SHiELD.
A sensitivity analysis for the cost price of the SHiELD pod and the total cost savings for the fighter aircraft types after 10 engagements was also performed, and the results are given in Table 7. The analysis showed that when the SHiELD pod was priced at $7 million per unit, it incurred a loss of $26 million between the baseline F-16 and the SHiELD-equipped F-16. Thus, it would be more cost-effective not to equip the SHiELD pods on the F-16. However, due to the significantly higher price tag of an F-35, it was still more cost-effective to equip them with SHiELD. For the F-35A and F-35B, the decision-making would only lean toward not equipping them if a SHiELD pod was to cost $18 million and $26 million, respectively, in 10 engagements.
Based on the modeling, assumptions, and evaluations presented herein, the subject fourth- and fifth-generation fighter aircraft equipped with the SHiELD system have been shown to achieve better combat survivability than equivalent baseline fighter aircraft. In addition, a fully effective SHiELD-equipped fourth-generation fighter could achieve similar survivability to a baseline fifth-generation fighter. Finally, from a cost-effectiveness perspective, the deciding factor on whether to equip fighter squadrons with the SHiELD pod will ultimately depend on factors such as the cost of the SHiELD pod and its true capabilities.
ABOUT THE AUTHORS
Military Expert 5 (ME5) Wen Xiang Ong has been an Airforce Engineer with the Republic of Singapore Airforce (RSAF) since 2011 and is currently serving as the Depot Commander of 5 Ammunition Depot, Singapore Armed Forces Ammunition Command. He has held various appointments related to maintenance of weapon and armament systems for the F-15SG and F-16 fighter aircraft, including serving as Officer Commanding of the Aircraft Weapon Operations Flight in 805 SQN, Air Power Generation Command. ME5 Ong holds a bachelor’s degree and a master’s degree in mechanical engineering from the Nanyang Technological University and the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS), respectively, and was most recently conferred a master’s degree in defense technology and systems from the National University of Singapore.
Mr. Christopher Adams is a Senior Lecturer at the Naval Postgraduate School (NPS) Department of Mechanical and Astronautical Engineering and is a former Associate Dean of NPS’s Graduate School of Engineering and Applied Sciences. A retired Navy Commander and aviator with multiple tours in Iraq and Afghanistan, he is a widely recognized subject-matter expert and educator on combat survivability. Mr. Adams holds a bachelor’s degree and master’s degree in aerospace engineering from Boston University and NPS, respectively.
Deptula, D. A., L. A. Stutzreim, and H. Penney. “The Case for Fifth-Generation and NGAD Airpower.” Air Force Magazine, 1 July 2019.
Ball, R. E. The Fundamentals of Aircraft Combat Survivability Analysis and Design. Second Edition, American Institue of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2003.
Mayfield, M. “Air Force Wants Lasers on Fighter Jets by 2025.” National Defense, https://www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/articles/2020/11/9/air-force-wants-lasers-on-fighter-jets-by-2025, November 2020.
The Air Force Research Laboratory. “SHiELD ATD: Bringing Light to the Fight.” https://www. kirtland.af.mil/Portals/52/Self-protect%20 High%20Energy%20Laser%20Demonstrator%20 %28SHiELD%29_AFMC-2020-0021.pdf, 2020.
Freedberg, S. J. Jr. “Lockheed Aims for Laser on Fighter by 2025.” Breaking Defense, https://breakingdefense.com/2020/09/Lockheed-Aims-For-Laser-On-Fighter-By-2025/, 17 September 2020.
Lockheed Martin. “Tactical Airborne Laser Pods Are Coming.” https://www.lockheedmartin.com/en-us/news/features/2020/tactical-airborne-laser-pods-are-coming.html, accessed 2021.
D’Urso, S. “Lockheed Martin Shows New Airborne Defensive Laser System for F-16 and C-130.” The Aviationist, https://theaviationist. com/2020/08/19/Lockheed-Martin-Shows-New- Airborne-Defensive-Laser-System-For-F-16-And-C-130/, 19 August 2020.
Giangreco, L. “Air Force Pushes Podded Laser System on Fighter Into Supersonic Flight.” Inside The Pentagon’s Inside the Air Force, vol. 27, issue 5, 5 February 2016.
Strout, N. “Air Force to Begin Assembly of Airborne Laser.” C4ISRNET, https://www.c4isrnet. com/battlefield-tech/2021/02/23/air-force-to-begin-assembly-of-airborne-laser/, February 2021.
Ball, R. E. The Fundamentals of Aircraft Combat Survivability Analysis and Design. Third Edition, American Institue of Aeronautics and Astronautics, draft, to be published.
Kim, J.-Y., J.-Y. Kim, and K.-T. Lee. “Evaluation of the Combat Aircraft Susceptibility Against Surface-Based Threat Using the Weighted Score Algorithm.” International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences, pp. 396–402, 2011.
Smith, R. “Lockheed Martin Scores $62 Billion F-16 Sale.” The Motley Fool, https://www.fool. com/Investing/2020/08/24/Lockheed-Martin-Scores-62-Billion-F-16-Sale/, 24 August 2020.
Insinna, V. “The Price of the F-35 Has Been Falling, But It Could Hit a Wall Soon.” Defense News, https://www.defensenews.com/industry/2020/07/23/the-price-of-the-f-35-has-been-falling-but-it-could-hit-a-wall-soon/, 23 July 2020.
Ho, B. “Analysing Singapore’s F-35b Acquisition.” Asian Military Review, https:/ asianmilitaryreview.com/2020/04/Analysing-Singapores-F-35b-Acquisition/, 2 April 2020. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.defenceweb.co.za/aerospace/aerospace-aerospace/botswana-police-order-three-enstrom-480b-helicopters/ | 2022-08-10T08:01:52 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-33/segments/1659882571150.88/warc/CC-MAIN-20220810070501-20220810100501-00133.warc.gz | 0.933518 | 543 | CC-MAIN-2022-33 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-33__0__167252025 | en | The Botswana Police Air Support branch has ordered three new Enstrom 480B turbine helicopters from Safomar Aviation and these will join its fleet of Airbus models.
Safomar made the announcement on 1 December, saying the three helicopters will be delivered in the beginning to middle of 2020.
The new helicopters will be customized to Botswana Police Service specifications and include Trakka Systems day/night cameras and searchlights, navigation and communication equipment, cargo slinging and Light Emergency Medical Systems. Apart from specialist police duties, the aircraft can be quickly configured for the passenger role and carry three to five people.
Once in service, the Enstrom 480Bs will be used for crime prevention, wildlife conservation, medical evacuation, command and control, search and rescue and training.
Safomar said the Botswana Police Air Support division selected the Enstrom 480B following a thorough examination of various options followed by a lengthy and detailed tender and acquisition process. “The safety, acquisition and operating cost, ease of maintenance, versatility, features and performance were the main factors for the selection of the Enstrom 480B.”
The Enstrom 480B multi-role light turbine helicopter is in service in more than 30 countries and this includes with the Indonesian National Police, Japanese Ground Self-Defence, Royal Thai Army, Colombian Air Force, Chilean Army, US Police departments, Venezuela Air Force etc.
The type first flew in 1989 and entered service in 1993. It is powered by a Rolls-Royce 250-C20W turbine producing 313 kW although maximum continuous power is 206 kW. This gives a maximum speed of 230 km/h and endurance of five hours.
In 2009 the newly established Botswana Police Service Air Support branch acquired an initial three AS350 B3s from Eurocopter, as it then was, and these were upgraded for night operations with a forward-looking infrared camera and modified pilots’ instrument panel and observer’s console that were night vision goggle compatible. They were fitted with LEO-II-A5-EP Extended Performance (EP) Airborne Observations Systems (AOS), a Spectrolab SX 16 night sight, rescue hoist, cargo swing and external loud hailer system.
One of the helicopters crashed in April 2014, killing all three on board, and another crashed in July 2016, injuring the six occupants. In January 2015, Botswana ordered another three AS 350 B3es from Airbus Helicopters. All four AS 350s (H125s) are regularly used for anti-poaching duties, amongst others. They are based at Sir Seretse Khama International Airport in Gaborone. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.redorbit.com/topics/soyuz-tma-4/?page=2 | 2015-05-26T12:47:20 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2015-22/segments/1432207928831.69/warc/CC-MAIN-20150521113208-00248-ip-10-180-206-219.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.908527 | 601 | CC-MAIN-2015-22 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2015-22__0__181486838 | en | Latest Soyuz TMA-4 Stories
WASHINGTON, Oct. 11 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- International Space Station Expedition 20 Commander Gennady Padalka and Flight Engineer Michael Barratt landed their Soyuz TMA-14 spacecraft on the steppes of Kazakhstan Sunday, wrapping up a six-month stay.
The next residents of the International Space Station launched into orbit aboard a Soyuz spacecraft Wednesday from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
LATROBE, Pa., Aug. 8 /PRNewswire/ -- Pittsburgh-area native and veteran astronaut with more than a year's time in space, Col. Mike Fincke will examine the processes and quality control systems at Latrobe Specialty Steel (LSS) on Tuesday, August 11(th).
A Russian Soyuz capsule carrying three astronauts successfully docked with the International Space Station on Friday.
A Soyuz spacecraft lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan Wednesday, en route to an historic linkup with the International Space Station. The Soyuz spacecraft's docking will mark the first time the space station will have a six-member crew, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the European Space Agency said. Russian cosmonaut Roman Romanenko, Canadian Space Agency astronaut Robert Thirsk and ESA astronaut Frank De Winne will join the three ISS crewmembers...
Three astronauts are preparing for a journey to the recently expanded International Space Station on Wednesday.
Two members of the 18th crew to live and work aboard the International Space Station and a spaceflight participant returned to Earth at 2:16 am CDT Wednesday.
Commander Gennady Padalka and Flight Engineer Michael Barratt of the 19th International Space Station crew docked their Soyuz TMA-14 to the International Space Station at 9:05 am EDT Saturday.
The two astronauts set to take over the International Space Station (ISS) this week said on Wednesday they felt privileged to be part of the space station crew that will increase to six members in May.
Russia will be taking U.S. astronauts to space after the U.S. ends its shuttle missions, deputy chief of the Russian Space Agency (Roskosmos) Viktor Remishevsky told Interfax-AVN on Friday.
Michael Fincke is a United States Air Force officer and a NASA astronaut who holds the record for the most time spent in space. He was born Edward Michael Fincke on March 14, 1967 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania; however, he grew up in its suburb, Emsworth. Fincke graduated from Sewickley Academy in Sewickley, Pennsylvania in 1985, and subsequently attended the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on an Air Force ROTC scholarship. He graduated in 1989 as a double major and earned both a Bachelor...
- A hairdresser.
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https://www.showcasetoys.com/hobby-master-ha3541-fa-18.html | 2019-01-17T02:28:17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-04/segments/1547583658681.7/warc/CC-MAIN-20190117020806-20190117042806-00152.warc.gz | 0.919385 | 534 | CC-MAIN-2019-04 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-04__0__36188733 | en | Order in advance for an expected arrival in February 2019. The release date is subject to change by the manufacturer.
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Hobby Master 1:72 Air Power Series Diecast Model
McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) F/A-18D Hornet – M45-02, TUDM (Royal Malaysian Air Force), 2015
1:72 Scale. Length: 9.25". Wingspan: 6.25"
In early 1997 the Royal Malaysian Air Force (TUDM - Tentera Udara DiRaja Malaysia) received the first four F/A-18Ds followed by another four in August 1997. Malaysia is the first Southeast Asian nation to receive the F/A-18D Hornet. These aircraft would equip the newly formed No.18 Squadron (Hornets) stationed at the former RAF Butterworth Air Base. Ironically the aircraft first arrived with the Malaysian national insignia painted incorrectly.Opening canopy
Detailed cockpit with removable pilot figure
Realistic panel lines and antennas
Historically accurate printed markings
Optional open or closed airbrake
Removable weapons and external fuel tanks
Optional extended landing gear
Box with F/A-18 Hornet artwork
The McDonnell Douglas (now Boeing) F/A-18 Hornet is a supersonic, twin-engine, all-weather fighter and attack aircraft flown by the US Navy, US Marine Corps and other allied nations. The F/A-18 was first flown on November 18, 1978 with the first production flight taking place on April 12, 1980. The first 380 F/A-18s were the A version and in September 1987 production switched to the F/A-18C. Variants A and C are single-seat while B and D variants are tandem-seats. The Hornet can operate from either aircraft carriers or land bases and have the capability of in-flight refueling. A total of 1,480 A-D variants were built.
Hobby Master offers a wide selection of quality, pre-assembled, diecast model airplanes. Each model is crafted to a high level of accuracy using specifications of the original aircraft. They are constructed with precision-made diecast metal and some plastic components.
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Category: Hobby Master 1:72 Military Aircraft Models
Not suitable for children under the age of 14 | aerospace | 1 |
http://misanthropic-art.de/boeing-standard-practices-wiring-manual.html | 2019-04-22T02:29:04 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-18/segments/1555578533774.1/warc/CC-MAIN-20190422015736-20190422041736-00102.warc.gz | 0.83602 | 408 | CC-MAIN-2019-18 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-18__0__197398945 | en | Aircraft Wiring Diagram Symbols - Simple Wiring Diagram Shematics aviation wiring schematic symbols simple wiring diagram reading wiring diagram symbols aerospace wiring diagram symbols detailedBoeing Standard Practices Wiring Manual - A guide to student and LAE (License Aircraft Engineer) who want to get the LWTR license or convert it from BCAR Section L to EASA Part 66. Including EASA Part 66 Module, EASA part 66 Question Examination, EASA Part 66 Note, EASA Part 66 Tutor and aviation tool.. Home / Students / Resources / Classroom / Commercial Pilot Groundschool / Human Factors and Pilot Decision-making; HUMAN FACTORS AND PILOT DECISION-MAKING. Aviation safety means the state of an aviation system or organization in which risks associated with aviation activities, related to, or in direct support of the operation of aircraft, are reduced and controlled to an acceptable level. It encompasses the theory, practice, investigation, and categorization of flight failures, and the prevention of such failures through regulation, education.
From 1963 to 2000, Measure magazine was the voice of HP to its employees and associates. Published “For the people of HP,” the award-winning magazine chronicled the culture and achievements of HP from 1963 to 2000, when our print publication moved to the Web.. From Network News to the New Yorker, the Conversation Spins Out of Control UPDATE: March 30, 2015. NOT TO DETRACT FROM the raw horror of the Germanwings disaster, but the crash has spawned a sideshow of ill-informed and just plain aggravating conversations, across the whole spectrum of the media, that somebody needs to address..
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GDL-002 Radio Module and external Power Amplifier User Manual Users ... Page 26 of GDL-002 Radio Module and external Power Amplifier User Manual Users Manual | aerospace | 1 |
https://books.google.com/books?id=iJ8WwRBNgk0C | 2019-06-16T00:55:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2019-26/segments/1560627997508.21/warc/CC-MAIN-20190616002634-20190616024634-00492.warc.gz | 0.929319 | 652 | CC-MAIN-2019-26 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2019-26__0__136040212 | en | Fallen Astronauts: Heroes who Died Reaching for the Moon
Near the end of the Apollo 15 mission, David Scott and fellow moonwalker James Irwin conducted a secret ceremony unsanctioned by NASA: they placed on the lunar soil a small tin figurine called ?The Fallen Astronaut,? along with a plaque bearing a list of names. This book enriches the saga of mankind?s greatest scientific undertaking, Project Apollo, and conveys the human cost of the space race°?°by telling the stories of those sixteen astronauts and cosmonauts who died reaching for the moon. ° Many people are aware of the Apollo launch pad disaster in which three men lost their lives, but few know of the other five fallen astronauts whose stories this book tells as well: among them, Ted Freeman and C.C. Williams, who died in the crashes of their -38 jets; the ?Gemini Twins,? Charlie Bassett and Elliot See, killed when their jet slammed into the building where their Gemini capsule was undergoing final construction; and Ed Givens, whose fatal car crash has until now been obscured by rumors. The extraordinary lives and accomplishments of these and other fallen astronauts ?°including eight Russian cosmonauts who lost their lives during training ?°unfold here in intimate and compelling detail, supported by extensive interviews and archival material. Their stories return us to a stirring time in the history of our nation and remind us of the cost of fulfilling our dreams.
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Eight of America's early astronauts, selected to participate in the Mercury, Gemini and Apollo programs, died while employed by NASA. Three of the eight--Roger Chaffee, Gus Grissom and Ed White--are ... Read full review
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aboard Academy accident Air Force Base aircraft airplane Aldrin Apollo asked assigned aviation backup crew became began Beth Betty C.C. Williams cadet capsule Charlie Bassett commander Corps cosmonauts crash death Deke Slayton Ed Givens Ed White Edwards ejection Ellington Elliot engineering father fighter finally fire flew flight flown flying Frank Borman friends Gemini Gene Cernan Givens graduated Gus Grissom hatch honor Houston Jeannie Jim Lovell Jim McDivitt John knew Komarov later launch Lieutenant lives look Lovell lunar landing Marilyn Marine memorial Mercury astronauts miles mission module moon named NASA NASA'S Naval Nelyubov officer orbit oxygen Pilot School plebe prime crew recalled rocket Roger Chaffee runway scheduled soon Soviet space center space program spacecraft spaceflight squadron Stafford Ted Freeman test pilot told Tom Stafford took USAF walk Wally Schirra West Point White wife young Yuri Gagarin
Page vii - We choose to go to the moon. We choose to go to the moon in this decade, and do the other things, not because they are easy but because they are hard; because that goal will serve to organize and measure the best of our energies and skills; because that challenge is one that we are willing to accept, one we are unwilling to postpone, and one which we intend to win — and the others, too. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.spacetechasia.com/indonesia-inaugurates-a-new-propellant-manufacturing-facility/ | 2021-09-26T12:15:22 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057861.0/warc/CC-MAIN-20210926114012-20210926144012-00453.warc.gz | 0.943246 | 344 | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__48716097 | en | Last week, Indonesia’s Minister of Defence Ryamizard Ryacudu inaugurated the opening of a propellant manufacturing facility in Subang, West Java, owned by Indonesian defense contractor PT Dahana Persero.
The manufacturing plant will produce nitroglycerin, an explosive solution used in double-base propellants as a binder, with a prototype having been presented during the inauguration.
According to PT Dahana’s Director Budi Antono, the facility measures 2.1 hectares and will handle the engineering and development of up to 200 tonnes of nitroglycerin per year, and is being constructed by German-South African company Rheinmetall Denel Munition (RDM). The company is also in the process of constructing a nitrocellulose plant.
Said Ryamizard, “This inauguration proves to the world that Indonesia is capable of being independent and that we are working towards a vision of becoming a globally-competitive defense manufacturer. Realizing this vision will require the efforts of the entire country. Indonesia is a nation of fighters with creativity and a huge potential to innovate and grow the industry to be technologically-advanced.”
PT Dahana also provides the Indonesian Armed Forces with other propellants, explosives and other defense-related equipment. Additionally, the company manufactures Indonesia’s R-Han 122 rocket launcher (adapted from sounding rocket RX 1210), for which it received an order of 77 units last year. PT Dahana has also been commissioned to manufacture R-Han 450, a ballistic with a range of 100km, originally developed by the country’s space agency LAPAN as the RX450 sounding rocket. | aerospace | 1 |
https://pt.taiwantrade.com/news/wimax-drones-to-the-rescue-28188.html | 2020-02-21T13:34:10 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-10/segments/1581875145529.37/warc/CC-MAIN-20200221111140-20200221141140-00431.warc.gz | 0.926375 | 168 | CC-MAIN-2020-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-10__0__114519690 | en | Source: Taiwantrade | Updated: 20 June 2018
The WiMAX technology has a working range much wider than the 50 meter limit of WIFI. This has allowed Tatung University to build a drone that is practical for rescue purposes. The university’s invention is also a sign of the potentials of WiMAX.
Drones, or unmanned aerial vehicles, can be particularly helpful to rescuers in scenarios such as high-rise fires, earthquake stricken buildings, or floods. Under those circumstances, drones controlled wirelessly can easily access hard-to-reach places that are blocked off by obstacles and help retrieve vital information.
In the future WiMAX remote controlled drones may become a standard in rescue reconnaissance missions helping to deliver first-hand images.
Please click on WiMAX for realted products on Taiwantrade. | aerospace | 1 |
https://btlaw.com/en/insights/alerts/2019/recreational-drone-laws-still-facing-potential-major-changes | 2023-12-08T17:05:42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679100762.64/warc/CC-MAIN-20231208144732-20231208174732-00096.warc.gz | 0.907046 | 515 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__19476362 | en | Throughout 2019, interpretations of the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 resulted in sweeping changes to recreational operation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), or drones.
While some changes have gone relatively unnoticed, the recreational drone flying community began sounding the alarm in October 2019 about recent Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) statements regarding Academy of Model Aeronautics (AMA) fixed flying sites.
The FAA is planning to limit all recreational model aircraft operations to 400 feet in controlled airspace and there will be no exceptions. The agency is also proposing restrictions in uncontrolled airspace to altitudes that could not only prevent some model aircraft operations, but safety issues as well.
If these regulations move forward, that may lead to the end of certain high-altitude recreational drone operations supported by these clubs.
A recap of other significant changes that have taken affect this year include:
Beginning in May 2019, recreational drone flyers must obtain prior authorization from the FAA to fly in controlled airspace surrounding airports.
Another May FAA guidance established that drones must be externally marked. In addition, it provided that recreational operators must comply with all airspace restrictions and prohibitions in controlled and uncontrolled airspace, and those operators must pass a required Aeronautical Knowledge and Safety Test.
In July 2019, the FAA expanded the Low Altitude Authorization and Capability (LAANC) system, for use by recreational flyers in controlled airspace previously available to only commercial operators,
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This Barnes & Thornburg LLP publication should not be construed as legal advice or legal opinion on any specific facts or circumstances. The contents are intended for general informational purposes only, and you are urged to consult your own lawyer on any specific legal questions you may have concerning your situation. | aerospace | 1 |
https://archive.macleans.ca/article/1994/7/25/faded-dreams | 2020-07-06T23:51:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655890566.2/warc/CC-MAIN-20200706222442-20200707012442-00347.warc.gz | 0.963957 | 1,780 | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__189778890 | en | And I saw a new heaven and a new earth, for the first heaven and the first earth were passed away. —Revelations 21:1
To tens of millions enthralled by the grainy black-and-white images beamed back from the surface of the Moon on July 20, 1969, it did seem for a fleeting moment that they were witnessing something like the dawning of a new heaven and a new earth. For two hours and 21 minutes, two laconic Americans named Neil Armstrong and Edwin (Buzz) Aldrin first trod tentatively, then bounded joyously, on another world. While it lasted, the triumphant Apollo 11 mission that reached its climax 25 years ago this week swept aside the doubters. The men running the U.S. space program confidently proclaimed their vision of the future: they would build a permanent base on the
Moon, then have men strolling about on Mars— probably by the mid-1980s. Richard Nixon, riding high in the White House in the early months of his presidency, declared with ludicrous bravado that it was “the greatest week in the history of the world since the Creation.”
To be sure, the euphoria of the moment was bound to fade. But a quarter century later, the surprise is how thoroughly the dreams of the space pioneers have been dashed. The proposed lunar base never made it off the drawing board; manned flights to Mars remain just the dreams of a few space junkies; and the defining moment of the American space program since 1969 is one of tragedy—the explosion of the space shuttle Challenger in 1986. Space exploration once seemed to point in only one direction— upward, from rudimentary satellites, to manned flights, to the seemingly impossible feat of putting a man on the Moon, and beyond to the planets and stars. It quickly turned instead into a | messy saga of compromises, cutbacks and disappointments—and the dozen special men who actually walked on the Moon now seem bewildered and bitter at the world’s failure to follow up on their achievement. “Now, 25 years later, as I look at the Moon, it seems much farther away,” Apollo 12 astronaut Alan Bean mused recently. “It’s kinda drifted away.”
It seemed as if there were no limits in May, 1961, when John Kennedy boldly proclaimed America’s goal of putting a man on the Moon “before this decade is out.” When he made that pledge, the United States had a scant 15 minutes of manned spaceflight experience, all from Alan Shepard’s first venture just 20 days earlier. Kennedy’s own officials were aghast at the scope of the challenge. In retrospect, it seems clear that a unique combination of circumstances came together at that moment to make such a venture possible: the Soviet threat to American technological dominance in space; an era of unrivalled prosperity that made huge budgets possible; and a dynamic leader willing to put faith in the future.
It took just over eight years for Kennedy’s goal to be realized, an astonishingly short time to solve the thousands of problems involved. But in the same few years, there were vast changes in the United States that made the kind of unbridled, go-for-it space effort that Kennedy unleashed seem curiously out of place just as it reached its apogee. When Apollo 11 touched down in the arid Sea of Tranquillity at precisely 4:17:40 p.m. EDT on Sunday, July 20, 1969, America was no longer the hopeful, united nation that it had appeared under the young president.
It was a sadder, more rancorous place, divided as never before over the war in Vietnam, over race riots in the inner cities, and by the rise of a youth culture that was less interested in outer space than it was in exploring inner space through drugs and new religions.
Mdrin on the Moon [above); Apollo 11 lifts iff (left); newspaper lieadlines on the day ifter (opposite, top); :ootstep in the lunar soil; Armstrong: Vmerica was divided >ver the Vietnam War, >ver race riots in the nner cities, and by he rise of a youth :ulture more interested n exploring inner space
The brush-cut astronauts were icons of what was then known as Middle America. They epitomized the solid, oldfashioned virtues of hard work and discipline that were under unprecedented attack by the social upheavals of the 1960s. To millions of their fellow citizens, especially the young and the black, they seemed at best banal, at worst high-tech warriors of the same military-industrial complex that had sent tens of thousands of Americans to fight and die in Vietnam for no good reason and ignored the nation’s pressing social problems. The astronauts were strangely inarticulate even while experiencing what then seemed to be the ultimate human experience: Armstrong even managed to bungle his first, carefully planned words on the Moon, declaring his first step on the surface to be “one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind,” instead of “one small step for a man.”
Things started to unravel soon after they returned to Earth. The five subse-
quent Apollo missions that landed men on the Moon were in their own ways more spectacular, as the astronauts bumped around the lunar surface in electric buggies and even practised golf shots in the exotic sand traps. But the world had largely stopped watching. By the early 1970s, the permanent lunar base that the Apollo plan1 ners had taken for granted would be their next project had been quietly shelved. “We had just accomplished one of the most daring exploits in history by landing on the Moon, but we shrank back from the next step,” Daniel Goldin, Administrator of the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration, reflected last month. America was losing confidence in itself—battered by defeat in Asia, political scandal at home, and the end of the postwar economic boom. More important, the race to the Moon had been won. The point of Apollo, stripped of its rhetoric about venturing to new worlds, was quite simply to beat the Soviets. Once that was done, it turned out that there was no compelling reason to be there.
Space exploration, of course, continued and will continue. Unmanned probes have ventured to the edge of the solar system; the space shuttle program recovered from its 1986 disaster and continues to launch flights about half a dozen times a year; the Hubble space telescope, after an expensive repair last year, is sending back spectacular pictures; and the United States is committed to building an orbiting space station in partnership with Russia, Europe, Japan and Canada starting in 2002. But all those programs have been plagued by delays and disappointments, and none comes close to providing the kind of inspiration that Apollo once offered. Just last week, the Columbia shuttle went into orbit with a cargo of thousands of fish, newts and sea urchins. The scientists aboard want to study how they behave in zero gravity—worthwhile research, no doubt, but hardly the stuff of dreams.
For the space pioneers, the nightmare is that Apollo may turn out to be not a milestone on the road to deep space, but the farthest man will go for decades, maybe centuries, to come. “My worst fantasy is that people are going to be celebrating Apollo as the high-water mark in what the human mind and spirit can do,” says Goldin. “The past is past. We ought to be writing new history.” At Cape Canaveral, where Apollo 11 blasted off 25 years ago, the Saturn V rocket launchers for the cancelled Apollo 18 and 19 missions lie on stands for the amusement of tourists. They are, Andrew Chaikin writes in his new book on the Apollo program, A Man on the Moon, “like unfinished obelisks, reminders of a time that now seems as remote as the Moon itself.” For now at least, and for many more years, Apollo 11 will remain the closest we will get to a new heaven and a new earth. □
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https://www.airportia.com/flights/jl413/tokyo/helsinki/2017-12-16/ | 2018-07-23T07:40:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-30/segments/1531676595531.70/warc/CC-MAIN-20180723071245-20180723091245-00623.warc.gz | 0.950485 | 121 | CC-MAIN-2018-30 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-30__0__236924990 | en | Japan Airlines Flight JL413 connects Tokyo to Helsinki, taking off from Tokyo Narita International Airport (NRT) and landing at Helsinki Vantaa Airport (HEL).
The flight took off on Monday, Jul 23rd, 2018 with the flight arrival status being Estimated on 14:29. See our flight tracker below for more details.
Flight delays happen, but that doesn’t mean you have to accept them. You may be entitled to as much as $700 in compensation if your flight has been delayed, canceled or overbooked within the last three years. Claim Compensation Now > | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/science-and-tech/spacexs-giant-starship-rocket-explodes-after-launch | 2023-06-03T15:13:41 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224649293.44/warc/CC-MAIN-20230603133129-20230603163129-00601.warc.gz | 0.948156 | 352 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__12228270 | en | Elon Musk's giant rocket SpaceX Starship explodes after launch
The launch was the first test flight of SpaceX's integrated Starship and Super Heavy rocket, the Xinhua news agency reported
SpaceX's giant rocket Starship exploded after its launch from the US state of Texas on Thursday. The rocket got off the launch pad in SpaceX's Starbase in South Texas, which the team behind it counts as a success in itself, but exploded minutes later. The spacecraft failed to separate and reach orbit.
The launch was the first test flight of the Elon Musk-led team's integrated Starship and Super Heavy rocket, the Xinhua news agency reported.
Starship experienced a "rapid unscheduled disassembly" before separation, according to SpaceX.
"Today's test will help us improve Starship's reliability as SpaceX seeks to make life multi-planetary," the company tweeted.
Teams will continue to review the data and work toward the next flight test, said SpaceX.
"Learnt a lot for next test launch in a few months," Elon Musk, founder, CEO and chief engineer of SpaceX, tweeted.
NASA Administrator Bill Nelson said that the launch of SpaceX's Starship rocket is "a good first step".
"It looks like they got through the first stage of this big monster rocket. That's a real accomplishment. We'll get a report on what happened to the second stage, but I'm very encouraged that they've gotten along this far," Nelson told CNN.
It was the second launch attempt of Starship after the first attempt was scrapped on Monday owing to technical issues.
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https://spacecoastdaily.com/2022/03/watch-live-spacex-falcon-9-rocket-ready-to-launch-friday-night-at-cape-canaveral/ | 2022-07-06T09:55:14 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2022-27/segments/1656104669950.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20220706090857-20220706120857-00100.warc.gz | 0.836635 | 238 | CC-MAIN-2022-27 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2022-27__0__77639761 | en | WATCH: SpaceX Falcon 9 Rocket Launches from Cape Canaveral Early Saturday Morning
By Space Coast Daily // March 19, 2022
Launched at 12:42 a.m. ET
ABOVE VIDEO: SpaceX is targeting Friday, March 18 for a Falcon 9 launch of Starlink satellites to low Earth orbit from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40) at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida.
BREVARD COUNTY • CAPE CANAVERAL, FLORIDA – On Saturday, March 19 at 12:24 a.m. ET, Falcon 9 launched 53 Starlink satellites to low-Earth orbit from Space Launch Complex 40 (SLC-40) at Cape Canaveral Space Force Station in Florida, completing the first twelfth launch and landing of an orbital class rocket booster.
This Falcon 9 first stage booster previously launched Dragon’s first crew demonstration mission, the RADARSAT Constellation Mission, SXM-7, and now nine Starlink missions.
SpaceX’s Starlink is the constellation of networked satellites aimed to provide internet services to those who are not yet connected, and to provide reliable and affordable internet across the globe. | aerospace | 1 |
http://heli-air.net/2016/02/13/smart-rotor-systems/ | 2020-07-04T02:15:42 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2020-29/segments/1593655883961.50/warc/CC-MAIN-20200704011041-20200704041041-00102.warc.gz | 0.929925 | 797 | CC-MAIN-2020-29 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2020-29__0__223218483 | en | Smart Rotor Systems
A “smart” structure is one that involves distributed actuators and sensors, along with a computer to analyze responses and apply displacements or strains to change the characteristics of the structure in an adaptive and beneficial way. Smart structures make it possible to aerodynamically alter the properties of rotors in a desirable way so as to reduce vibrations, improve performance, and enhance other performance factors. Such alterations would include the use of actively controlled aerodynamic surfaces on the rotor, such as with trailing-edge flaps (Fig. 6.40) or an all-movable blade tip or with strain producing actuators embedded in the blade to create elastic deformations. The field is reviewed by Chopra (1997, 2000). While the technology is not yet mature, various concepts are developing quickly, and it is likely that a full-scale helicopter rotor incorporating one or more new smart technologies will fly early in the twenty-first century.
Much of the work in this field has so far focused on building and testing dynamically scaled smart rotor models. The actuation concepts are presently difficult to build at full-scale without excessive weight and power penalties, but this will change as further research is conducted. Many of these rotor models consist of controllable twist blades, incorporating embedded piezoelectric elements or trailing-edge flaps (Fig. 6.40), actuated by piezoceramic or magnetostrictive actuators. The performance of the actuation systems seems to be degraded dramatically at higher rotational speeds because of high dynamic pressure, centrifugal forces, and frictional moments on the actuation mechanisms. For trailing-edge flap designs, a compact torsional actuation technique is required, and several approaches have been examined. For controllable twist designs, banks of piezoceramic elements are embedded under the skin of the blade on the top and bottom surface. To induce sufficient
(a) Active blade twist rotor concept
; Q Active piezoelectric piles embedded in blade
/— structure to generate torsional twisting L" / about the elastic axis of the blade
blade twist for active control of rotor vibration or noise, a large number of distributed piezoceramic elements are required. Although this system involves no moving parts, it incurs a significant weight penalty and gives an undesirable increase in blade stiffness. There are also structural integrity issues.
Straub (1995) and Straub & Merkley (1995) have carried out a feasibility study of using smart structures technology for primary as well as active control of a full-scale helicopter rotor. It was concluded that the concept of blade twist and profile camber control using embedded actuators is not practical with the types smart materials currently available. Servoflap control systems using on-blade smart material actuators appeared conceptually feasible for primary and active controls. Shen et al. (2003) have examined the idea of trailing edge flaps for the primary flight control of an ultralight helicopter. So far there has been limited research towards the development of analytical tools need for a smart rotor design. Recently, however, there has been some effort to develop a coupled actuator-flap – rotor dynamic analysis, but it is far from being as comprehensive as would be required for confident design use. The development of unsteady aerodynamic models for this purpose have also undergone substantial development – see Section 8.18 – and the proper modeling of unsteady aerodynamic effects is vital to the predictive success of analytical tools for smart rotor systems. While it is clear that the smart rotor technology is not yet mature, either from a theoretical or practical perspective, various concepts are developing quickly and it is likely that a full-scale helicopter incorporating one or more of these technologies will fly within the next few years. It would seem, however, that full flight certification of actively controlled rotors for use in production helicopters is a longer way off. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.janes.com/article/49244/big-capability-at-an-attractive-price-idx15d1 | 2018-09-24T07:29:02 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2018-39/segments/1537267160233.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20180924070508-20180924090908-00089.warc.gz | 0.922057 | 699 | CC-MAIN-2018-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2018-39__0__139831248 | en | Abu Dhabi-based NorthStar Aviation has developed a new military derivative of the Bell 407, and has received an order for 30 of the helicopters from the UAE Armed Forces.
NorthStar has already delivered 11 production models of its Model 407MRH (MRH standing for Multi- Role Helicopter) and plans to deliver the remainder at a rate of about one per month through to the end of 2016. The company has received expressions of interest from potential customers in the Middle East, Europe and South America.
Founded in January 2011 and owned by Sheikh Ahmed bin Saif al Nahyan, a member of the Abu Dhabi royal family, NorthStar Aviation is a flexible, full-spectrum aviation modification, maintenance, repair and overhaul organisation working with government and military clients.
The company is run by a management team that has a decade of experience of delivering complex aviation projects, specialising in the rapid design, prototyping and testing of systems. The company claims that it is able to go from initial concept to a fielded-capability aircraft more quickly than an original equipment manufacturer (OEM) would be able to.
NorthStar is headquartered in Abu Dhabi, and has a US subsidiary in Washington DC. The NorthStar 407MRH prototype was developed and test-flown in Florida. The type was first unveiled at the Army Aviation Association of America’s annual ‘Quad A’ conference in May 2014. An example is on display at NorthStar’s display (Stand 02-B30) at IDEX.
The 407MRH is based on the improved Bell 407GX, which features the Garmin G1000HTM flight deck, with dual VHF and GPS, and Garmin’s Synthetic Vision System, but also adds a plethora of military systems.
Most obviously, the aircraft is fitted with a reconfigurable, modular two-, three- or four-station Light Weight Weapons Platform, and has a corresponding Integrated Weapons Management System capable of supporting AGM-114 Hellfire missiles, a .50 cal GAU-19 machine gun, a 7.62mm M134 Minigun, or Hydra 70 rocket pods.
A FLIR Systems Star SAFIRE 260- HLD is turret-mounted below the nose. This is optimised for light attack platforms and incorporates a stabilised EO/IR sensor, an HD colour day camera, a mid-wave imaging infrared sensor, a solid-state lowlight imaging system, a laser designator and tactical laser rangefinder, an eye-safe laser rangefinder, and a near-infrared laser illuminator visible to night vision goggles.
Both cockpit and cabin are armoured, and the aircraft has a new Mission Management System, an integrated moving map, embedded IMU/GPS and navigation processing software, integrated tactical multi-band radios, an integrated Mode IV IFF transponder, a Microwave Downlink System, TACAN, and NVG-compatible interior and exterior lighting.
The result is a high-performance, low-cost, lightweight multi-role military helicopter capable of light attack, CAS (close air support), ISR (intelligence, surveillance and reconnaissance) and light assault.
“Not everybody has $80 million to buy an Apache,” said Adam Gunn, the company’s technical director, pointing out that the NorthStar Aviation 407MRH’s price tag is around $9 million. | aerospace | 1 |
https://defaeroreport.com/category/vagos-notebook/page/5/ | 2024-02-23T16:20:59 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2024-10/segments/1707947474440.42/warc/CC-MAIN-20240223153350-20240223183350-00146.warc.gz | 0.952702 | 246 | CC-MAIN-2024-10 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2024-10__0__71853601 | en | The naming of any new aircraft is a big deal, and the stakes are particularly high given it happens so infrequently.
Striking the right balance among history, symbolism and menace without veering into the corny is always tough. The names of the last two bombers, the B-1 Lancer and the B-2 Spirit, weren’t exactly resounding hits.
So all eyes were on what the Air Force would name the B-21 that is under development by Northrop Grumman. Air Force Secretary Deborah James and Gen. David Golfdein, the chief of staff, picked the winner from names submitted by airman service wide.
In front of a packed auditorium at the Air Force Association’s flagship annual conference last week, the new bomber was named the Raider, in honor of Jimmy Doolittle’s daring raid on Tokyo by the last survivor of the mission and one the Air Force’s greatest living heroes, retired Lt. Col. Dick Cole.
The 101-year-old Cole, Doolittle’s copilot, said he as honored and humbled by the gesture, wishing his comrades were alive to share in the moment. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.daijiworld.com/news/newsDisplay?newsID=63845 | 2023-06-05T16:13:35 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224652149.61/warc/CC-MAIN-20230605153700-20230605183700-00523.warc.gz | 0.980783 | 588 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__250204045 | en | New York, Aug 9 (DPA): A mid-air collision of a New York sightseeing helicopter and a single-engine plane killed nine people, including five Italian tourists, triggering a major search on the Hudson River between New York City and Hoboken, New Jersey.
By twilight Saturday, divers had recovered three bodies, including that of a child, and planned to resume their search Sunday at 1100 GMT, the chief accident investigator told reporters.
Deborah Hersman of the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) said divers had located the helicopter operated by Liberty sightseeing tours that had been carrying the five Italian tourists and a pilot.
They were still searching for the single-engine Piper Saratoga that was carrying the pilot, an adult and a child. The search was difficult in the murky waters of the Hudson River, where Hersman said visibility was less than one metre.
The helicopter took off about noon from a heliport on 30th Street for the sightseeing tour as the Piper was making its way south along the Hudson from the Teterboro airport outside New York City toward Ocean City, New Jersey.
Hersman said another Liberty helicopter pilot was refueling, saw the approaching accident and tried to warn the pilot.
"He saw the single-engine aircraft approaching behind the helicopter, and told them (on radio) 'One Lima Hotel you have a fixed wing behind you'," Hersman said.
"He saw the right wing of the plane contact the helicopter. The right wing fell. Then both aircraft," Hersman said.
The debris fell into the Hudson River somewhat north of the Statue of Liberty in New York Harbour.
New York Mayor Michael Bloomberg said there was "some evidence from eyewitnesses that one of the wings of the airplane was ...possibly severed by the rotors of the helicopter".
The mayor said special community affairs officials had been sent to help the families of the Italian tourists.
"I gather they don't speak English," he said, adding the officials would "help the families get through this difficult period".
Hersman said investigators do not expect to retrieve black box recorders, which are not required on such small aircraft. But they could get some data from air traffic control radar and equipment on board the aircraft, depending on the damage.
"I have not been made aware of any distress calls that were made," Hersman said.
Bloomberg noted that small aircraft and helicopters have flight corridors over the Hudson and East Rivers. While there is no legal requirement for radio contact and visual flight rules were in effect, he said it was common practice for pilots to use a radio frequency identified on all maps to make each other aware of their positions.
"It is a crowded busy area, and pilots who fly there are well trained and have practice," he said.
It was not clear if the pilots were in radio contact with each other. | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.compositecomponents.com.au/air.shtml | 2013-05-23T16:05:15 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703532372/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112532-00085-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.926983 | 706 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__118909346 | en | Originally designed for the film industry, this UAV helicopter features a robust carbon fibre chassis. The flexible chassis design can cater for multiple payloads and contains the motor capable of taking the helicopter up to speeds of 70 knots (129kph) and flight times up to 3 hrs.
The Cybird 5 designed by Cybertechnologies WA Pty. Ltd., Features an all composite airframe with removable wings, retractable undercarriage and a fuselage that breaks down into 3 parts for easy transport.
A 2.9m wingspan and all up dry weight of 34kg, lets the jet turbine take this plane in excess of 270 knots (500kph) airspeed. Fitted with a fully autonomous autopilot the Cybird 5 manages take-offs and landings on a standard runway.
Designed by Cybertechnologies WA Pty. Ltd. and constructed by Composite Components, the Cybereye 2 is a Medium Altitude Long Endurance (MALE) unmanned air vehicle. The all composite airframe structure was designed by Composite Components using CAD modelling to qualify all aspects of the build, prior to construction taking place.
Starting with an outer surface defining the fuselage and a specific airfoil section, flap, aileron and wing span dimensions to define the wing. We drew all the surfaces, allowed for part thicknesses and placed the bulkheads. Wiring looms were allowed for and the flap actuation mechanics drawn and confirmed for degrees of movement.
After the client signed off the design work we set about creating master patterns, generating moulds and finally the wing components themselves. The plane was sub assembled and subsequently taken for test flights in WA, the first 2 were exported to the Royal Thai Air Force in December.
On the specifications side, Cybereye 2 is equipped with a 100cc engine which can deliver speeds of 160 kph with a maximum ceiling of 15,000 feet, an endurance of 10 hours and can be fitted with a camera which is capable of feeding video images in back to a ground station.
An all composite target drone is also part of composite components product range. The UAV predominantly uses fiberglass in the airframe and a unique RTM carbon fibre main spar to adequately distribute the high loads from the wings into the fuselage during flight.
The compact Air vehicle or CAV represents an exciting new flight technology with a unique way of flying that has many advantages over conventional aircraft such as aeroplanes and helicopters. Currently under development are two types of CAV; the Hoverpod and the Mupod.
The hoverpod uses composites extensively to reduce the overall weight of the craft and deliver maximum strength and longevity to the design. The rotor is a prime example of this use; weighing only 6kg the rotor fan can shift 50m2 of air per second.
The Mupod is a micro unmanned CAV, at one quarter the size of the Hoverpod it has vertical take off and landing (VTOL) capability, stable hovering and low noise thanks to electric motors.
As weight and strength are integral to this project every component is built, reviewed and improved. Its chassis, rotor, stator and other composite assemblies are all carbon fibre and acutely detailed to maximise aerodynamic and flight efficiency.
With a diameter of only 600 mm in flight, all up weight of 3.5kg, the Mupod is narrow enough to fly indoors and light enough to be easily transportable.
back to top | aerospace | 1 |
https://crewroom.net/after-months-of-silence-airbus-confirms-a350-freighter-variant/ | 2023-12-11T21:50:21 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-50/segments/1700679518883.99/warc/CC-MAIN-20231211210408-20231212000408-00239.warc.gz | 0.950496 | 629 | CC-MAIN-2023-50 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-50__0__238769198 | en | AFTER over a year of extensive speculation in the air cargo market, Airbus has officially revealed that it will develop an A350 freighter model, writes Thelma Etim.
Following board approval, chief executive Guillaume Faury has stated that the European planemaker will add an A350 cargo version to its product portfolio. “We are responding to client feedback in this market area for improved competition and efficiency,” he confesses.
There have been no further details published regarding the projected freighter project, such as payload/range expectations, time-to-market, or expected prices.
When it comes to long-haul, wide-body freighters, Airbus lags far behind US rival Boeing. During the capacity-constrained global pandemic, B747Fs (production line now halted) and the immensely popular B777F family were in high demand.
The encouraging freighter news comes as the European planemaker announces that its gross commercial aircraft orders in the first half of this year totaled 165, compared to 365 in the first half of 2020. Following cancellations, net orders fell to 38 aircraft, down from 298 in the same period in 2020. According to a business statement, the corporation’s order backlog on 30 June 2021 was 6,925 commercial aircraft.
Despite a drop in passenger aircraft demand, the European manufacturer’s consolidated revenues increased by 30% year on year to €24.6 billion from €18.9 billion in the first half of 2020 – “reflecting the higher number of commercial aircraft deliveries [in 2021] compared to the first half of 2020,” according to the statement.
In the first half of 2020, 297 commercial aircraft were delivered, compared to 196 in the first half of 2019. This included 21 A220s, 237 A320 family planes, seven A330s, thirty A350s, and two A380s. “Revenues generated by Airbus’ commercial aircraft activities climbed by 42%, owing mostly to higher deliveries,” the statement continues.
Consolidated earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) were €2,727 million, compared to a loss of €1,559 million in 2020. Faury comments on the data, saying, “These half-year results reflect commercial aircraft deliveries, our commitment on cost containment and competitiveness, and good performance in helicopters, defense, and space” (markets).
“Although the COVID-19 pandemic continues, the teams’ multiple initiatives have resulted in a great half-year performance. This allows us to boost our 2021 projection despite the fact that we continue to operate in an uncertain environment.”
Airbus executives are also upbeat about the company’s capacity to deliver products and services in the near future, “assuming no further interruptions to the global economy, air traffic, or the company’s internal operations,” according to the statement. From now on, the planemaker expects to produce 600 commercial aircraft and earn an adjusted EBIT of €4 billion in 2021. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.syfy.com/syfywire/new-nasa-images-video-sweep-over-surface-plutos-moon-charon | 2021-09-23T12:57:30 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-39/segments/1631780057421.82/warc/CC-MAIN-20210923104706-20210923134706-00350.warc.gz | 0.926573 | 503 | CC-MAIN-2021-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-39__0__125056254 | en | While Pluto has been hogging the main spotlight in most of New Horizons' recent load of downlinked photos, it's time for its spectacular lunar sister, Charon, to step into the center ring.
NASA just released these flabbergasting images of the barren, reddish-topped moon, the highest-resolution photos yet, revealing a stark landscape battered and bruised over time by the brutal forces of the universe. This first image blends blue, red and infrared images captured by the spacecraft’s Ralph/Multispectral Visual Imaging Camera (MVIC), with colors processed to better highlight the interesting variation of surface features across the gorgeous globe of Charon.
“We thought the probability of seeing such interesting features on this satellite of a world at the far edge of our solar system was low,” said Ross Beyer, an affiliate of the New Horizons Geology, Geophysics and Imaging (GGI) team. 'But I couldn't be more delighted with what we see."
The next detail images were taken by the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI), shortly before the probe's closest approach on July 14th, overlaid with enhanced color from the Ralph/Multispectral Visual Imaging Camera (MVIC). Charon’s heavily cratered uplands on top are separated by a series of canyons and rough ridges, and transitioning on the bottom to the low rolling plains of the Vulcan Planum.
“It looks like the entire crust of Charon has been split open,” added John Spencer, deputy lead for GGI at the Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colo. “With respect to its size relative to Charon, this feature is much like the vast Valles Marineris canyon system on Mars.”
Finally, check out this remarkable flyover video of Charon, starting with the darker Mordor region near Charon’s red-tinted north pole, then moving south to a vast chasm, descending from 1,100 miles to just 40 miles above the surface to zip through the canyon system. Next it’s a twist to the south to view the flat plains and "moat mountain" named Kubrick Mons, a towering peak surrounded by a topographic depression.
What do you think of these latest images delivered from the depth of our solar system, and is Charon your new favorite?
(Via NASA/New Horizons) | aerospace | 1 |
http://www.defenseindustrydaily.com/cat/geographical-focus/middle-east-israel/page/6/ | 2013-12-12T22:03:11 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-48/segments/1386164732064/warc/CC-MAIN-20131204134532-00082-ip-10-33-133-15.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.9666 | 258 | CC-MAIN-2013-48 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-48__0__26499904 | en | In November 2005, Israel’s Ministry Of Defense (GOI/MOD) announced its interest in replacing the IAF “Zukit” (“Thrush,” an upgraded 1950s-era Fouga Magister) basic training aircraft with a new trainer. The Zukit’s high fuel and maintenance costs, and low mission capable rates were all creating issues. The intent was to execute this program using an RFI concept, including a comprehensive test and evaluation phase of candidate aircraft, which would then be taken into account during a potential RFP stage.
Israel is secretive about its defense undertakings, and nothing was heard for a long while. Possible candidates included the IAI/ATG Javelin, Romania’s IAR-99C Soim, and possibly even the Czech L159 Albatros, which remained on the market at an excellent price. The winner? “None of the above.” The lure of using American aid dollars instead of hard currency, combined with advertised operating economies, eventually decided the competition in favor of an American-built turboprop: Hawker Beechcraft’s T-6A Texan II, which is used in this same role by the US military. | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.momondo.com/flights/columbus/new-orleans | 2021-05-12T07:35:17 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-21/segments/1620243991685.16/warc/CC-MAIN-20210512070028-20210512100028-00048.warc.gz | 0.884652 | 276 | CC-MAIN-2021-21 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-21__0__201649046 | en | |Best Price Found||$144||The best flight deal from Columbus to New Orleans found on momondo in the last 72 hours is $144|
|Fastest flight time||2h 20m||The fastest flight from Columbus to New Orleans takes 2h 20m|
|Direct flights||None||There are no direct flights from Columbus to New Orleans. Popular non-direct route for this connection is Columbus - New Orleans Louis Armstrong.|
|Airports in New Orleans||1 airport||There is 1 airport near New Orleans: New Orleans Louis Armstrong (MSY)|
Cons: There’s no entertainment. Can’t even charge the phone. Can’t even recline the seat very uncomfortable flight
Pros: Yes made sure mask was in place
Pros: Not much interaction with crew Felt crammed in
Cons: More leg room And don’t slam overheads so hard
Cons: Wouldn't let us on the flight when there was plenty of time to get there. Manager was arrogant and slow - didn't care. Poor policies at that airport.
To ease the stress of booking flights, some of our airline partners flying from Columbus to New Orleans Louis Armstrong are responding to the global pandemic. The following airlines may have a flexible cancellation policy to help accommodate travelers: Spirit Airlines, Delta, and United Airlines. | aerospace | 1 |
https://vancouverfirstaid.ca/helicopter-crew-saves-2-p-e-i-residents-with-first-aid-measures/ | 2023-06-07T23:23:19 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-23/segments/1685224654016.91/warc/CC-MAIN-20230607211505-20230608001505-00604.warc.gz | 0.962283 | 218 | CC-MAIN-2023-23 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-23__0__2437995 | en | Lives were saved by a helicopter crew. After saving a Lennox Island man from Malpeque Bay, the crew of a Canadian Forces rescue helicopter out of Greenwood, N.S. saved a woman from choking at the Summerside restaurant.
On the right place
According to Maj. Amber Bineau, spokeswoman for Joint Task Force Atlantic, she confirmed to the Journal Pioneer that after the helicopter crew stood down from its rescue mission where a man fallen out of his dory and later removed from the water, they landed their aircraft in Summerside to eat a local restaurant.
While the crew were eating, a woman at another table was choking on her food and one of the “search and rescue technicians” (SAR) delivered first aid.
The same SAR technician was involved in both the water rescue and the one who performed first aid to the restaurant customer.
For more information about this story, click here.
Learn how to help by enrolling in a course on first aid and for more information, check out these sources: | aerospace | 1 |
https://www.govconwire.com/2013/02/lockheed-wins-284m-for-infrared-satellites/ | 2021-10-27T02:41:48 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2021-43/segments/1634323588053.38/warc/CC-MAIN-20211027022823-20211027052823-00035.warc.gz | 0.925223 | 148 | CC-MAIN-2021-43 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2021-43__0__219065279 | en | Lockheed Martin (NYSE: LMT) has won a $284, 439, 355 U.S. Air Force contract to move into the advanced procurement phase of a space-based infrared satellite program.
This fixed-price incentive firm target contract covers geosynchronous orbit satellites five and six, the Defense Department said Wednesday.
Lockheed will perform work in Sunnyvale, Calif. through June 19, 2016 and the Air Force is funding the contract through its fiscal year 2011 and 2012 appropriations.
According to the company, the SBIRS program is intended for missions in missile warning, missile defense, technical intelligence and battlespace awareness.
The Space and Missile Systems Center at Los Angeles Air Force Base is the contracting activity. | aerospace | 1 |
http://hitecrcd.com/faqs/accessories/gy-130-gyro | 2017-04-25T02:49:01 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-17/segments/1492917120092.26/warc/CC-MAIN-20170423031200-00031-ip-10-145-167-34.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.939764 | 236 | CC-MAIN-2017-17 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-17__0__149851148 | en | Q. Can I use the GY-130 in an airplane and what is the advantage?
A. Gyros can be used on any of the primary flight control surfaces to stabilize an aircraft. They are used on the rudder most often to help stabilize tail draggers during takeoff. When used with the optional remote gain control box, the user has the option to turn it on and off in flight.
Q. What is the best servo to use with the GY-130 Gyro?
A. A fast servo with a speed lower than 0.16 transit time is recommended.
Q. What does the Remote Gain device do?
A. The remote gain control box allows the user to set two different gain settings that can be selected in flight. Typically for a fixed wing plane it would be on or off settings being used and for a helicopter, a high gain for hover and a lower gain for forward flight and aerobatics.
Q. What gain setting should I start with?
A. Try setting the gyro at about 50% gain to start with and experiment with the device to find to optimum gain setting for your model. | aerospace | 1 |
https://rocketrundown.com/axiom-space-select-crew-for-first-private-mission-to-international-space-station/ | 2023-03-22T20:04:24 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-14/segments/1679296944452.74/warc/CC-MAIN-20230322180852-20230322210852-00053.warc.gz | 0.944336 | 394 | CC-MAIN-2023-14 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-14__0__166064453 | en | Axiom Space announced on January 26 that it had selected a crew for the first private mission to the International Space Station (ISS). The four-person crew includes a NASA veteran and three private paying customers.
The proposed Axiom Mission 1 (Ax-1) is slated to be launched aboard a SpaceX Crew Dragon no earlier than January 2022. The four-person crew will remain aboard the US segment of the ISS for approximately eight days conducting research and undertaking “philanthropic projects.”
The crew of the Ax-1 will be made up of former NASA astronaut and Axiom vice president Michael López-Alegrí, who will serve as the flight’s commander, and paying customers Larry Connner from the United States, Mark Pathy from Canada, and Eytan Stibbe from Israel. Conner will act as the flight’s pilot and Pathy and Stibbe as mission specialists.
Much like a civil spaceflight, both López-Alegría and Connner have been assigned backups. Former NASA astronaut Peggy Whitson, who holds the record for the longest time spent in space by a NASA astronaut, will serve as backup commander, and John Shoffner as the backup pilot.
Before its 2022 launch, the Ax-1 mission will be subject to approval from NASA and its international partners. Axiom and NASA are currently working through a Basic Ordering Agreement that will enable private astronaut missions to the ISS.
Axiom intends to offer private missions to the ISS at a rate of two per year. While the company will at first utilize the US segment for its customers, it is currently working towards launching its first commercial space station module in 2024.
The Axiom space station modules will initially be attached to the Harmony node of the ISS. Once the ISS is retired, the modules will be separated becoming the first free-flying commercial space station in low Earth orbit. | aerospace | 1 |
https://aeropact.pl/en/tag/online/ | 2023-09-21T21:53:23 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2023-40/segments/1695233506045.12/warc/CC-MAIN-20230921210007-20230922000007-00137.warc.gz | 0.954767 | 95 | CC-MAIN-2023-40 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2023-40__0__34698256 | en | The year 2020 will remain in the memory of all aviation fans for a long time. We will remember it as the time when ALL the biggest air shows around the world were canceled. The organizers of the air show faced the most difficult and unprecedented decision - to cancel the shows due to the prevailing pandemic. However, it is difficult for aviation fans to imagine summer months without shows, so some of the events ...
© 2018 WolfThemes All rights reserved | aerospace | 1 |
http://mymodelplanes.wordpress.com/2009/08/ | 2013-05-23T17:35:44 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2013-20/segments/1368703635016/warc/CC-MAIN-20130516112715-00061-ip-10-60-113-184.ec2.internal.warc.gz | 0.961497 | 201 | CC-MAIN-2013-20 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2013-20__0__194923483 | en | Funding has been authorized to upgrade the UK Royal Air Force’s entire fleet of 48 Chinook HC.2/2A/3 tandem rotor helicopters under the ‘Project Julius’ programme.
Previously, funding was only secured for the first eight (8) aircraft. This upgrade will immediately take the entire RAF Chinook fleet up to a ‘glass cockpit’ standard, incorporating a nose-mounted forward looking infrared (FLIR) system. The first two aircraft should be available towards the end of 2011 with an initial operational capability (IOC) shortly after. The 48 aircraft are due to have been upgraded by 2016, giving the RAF a fleet of identically configured aircraft for the first time.
The Chinook HC.2s are equipped with a range of operational enhancements due to urgent operational requirements (UORs). In 2003 eight aircraft were additionally improved with a night enhancement package (NEP), while some were retrofitted with Honeywell T55-714 engines. | aerospace | 1 |
https://tackk.com/m6y53y | 2017-09-21T05:20:38 | s3://commoncrawl/crawl-data/CC-MAIN-2017-39/segments/1505818687642.30/warc/CC-MAIN-20170921044627-20170921064627-00305.warc.gz | 0.920863 | 1,565 | CC-MAIN-2017-39 | webtext-fineweb__CC-MAIN-2017-39__0__16556275 | en | Objects such as planets, moons, and stars that
are located in the sky or in space
Celestial objects include the Sun, Earth, the moon, and all the other planets in our solar system.
A group of interacting or interdependent parts forming a
complex whole; for example, all the factors or variables
in an environment or all the planetary bodies revolving
around a star
The solar system is a system because all the planets revolve around the Sun, and all the moons revolve around their planets.
The Sun together with the group of planets and
other celestial bodies that are held by its
gravitational attraction and revolve around it
The solar system includes the Sun, the eight planets and their moons, asteroids, metiors, and dwarf planets.
A curved path traveled by a satellite
as it revolves around an object in space
The orbital path of the planets is not a perfect circle, instead it is slightly oval shaped.
The luminous celestial body around which
Earth and other planets revolve and from which
they receive heat and light
The Sun is a star made of dense, burning gases. The Sun is gargantuan compared to the other planets.
A ball of gas in space that
produces its own light and heat
The Sun is the closest star to Earth. But, there are billions of other stars in the universe.
Any of the large celestial bodies that revolve around the Sun in the solar system
There are eight planets in our solar system, all of which revolve around the Sun.
Any of the rocky, terrestrial planets of
Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars,
whose orbits are inside the asteroid belt
The inner planets are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. All of these planets are made out of solid material.
Any of the planets Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and
Neptune, whose orbits lie beyond the asteroid
Pluto used to be considered an outer planet but in 2006, it was decided that Pluto is a dwarf planet
All of the inner planets are terrestrial planets.
Large and small rocks or metallic masses
orbiting the Sun; made up of materials
similar to those that formed the planets
Although asteriods orbit the Sun, they are not planets because they often share their orbital path.
The region between the inner and outer planets
where most asteroids orbit around the Sun
Most of our solar system's asteroids are located in the asteroid belt.
A natural chunk of rock or dust existing
outside of Earth’s atmosphere
Meteoroids only exist outside of Earth's atmosphere.
Small meteoroid that burns upon
entry into Earth’s atmosphere
When a meteoroid enters Earth's atmosphere and burns, it becomes a meteor.
Remains of meteoroids that strike
the surface of Earth or the Moon
Although meteors are meteoroids that enter Earth's atmosphere, meteorites are meteoroids that strike Earth's surface.
Something that orbits around another object; for
example, a moon orbiting a planet or a
human-made object orbiting Earth
When you think of a satellite, you think of a man-made object that orbits Earth. But satellites can also be moons.
A celestial body that revolves around a planet
While Earth has one moon, other planets may have many moons
The four largest and brightest moons of
Jupiter, which were discovered by Galileo Galilei:
Ganymede, Io, Callisto, and Europa
Ganymede, Io, Callisto, and Europa are called Galilean moons because they were discovered by Galileo Galilei.
A celestial body of ice, dust, and rock
with an elongated and elliptical orbit
Comets orbit the Sun too, but are to small to be called planets.
Glowing, heated dust and vaporized gas that surrounds
the icy comet nucleus as it travels
near the Sun; solar winds cause heated gases
to stream out of the nucleus, forming a tail,
which points away from the Sun
What most people call the tail of the comet, is actually the coma.
The force of attraction that pulls objects toward
each other; the force that controls the motion of
our solar system
Gravity is what keeps the planets in orbit and us on Earth.
The force that pulls two objects towards each other; the
greater the mass of an object, the greater the attraction;
the further apart the objects, the weaker the attraction
The gravitational attraction between Earth and the moon is greater than the gravitational attraction between the moon and the Sun, so the moon orbits the Earth.
Newton’s Law of Universal
The law that says that every object in the universe
attracts every other object, and that the force is affected
by mass and distance: the greater the mass of an object,
the greater the attraction; the further apart the objects,
the weaker the attraction
Newton's Law of Universal Gravitational says exactly how gravity works.
1) The amount of matter in an object
2) A body or object
Mass is not the same as weight. Mass is the amount of matter in an object.
The investigation of physical conditions in space
and on stars, planets, and other celestial bodies
through the use of satellites, space probes, or
spacecraft with human crews
Space exploration has improved over the years with the arrival of new technology.
A spacecraft that gets power from
an engine full of chemical propellants
People have used rockets to explore space and learn more about it.
A vehicle or device designed for travel or
operation outside Earth’s atmosphere
People have used spacecrafts many times to explore space.
A reusable spacecraft designed to transport
people and cargo between Earth and space
Space shuttles are reusable rockets that can send people into space more than once.
An unmanned spacecraft designed to explore the
solar system and transmit data back to Earth
Probes are useful because they can go places that humans can't go and they can stay longer than humans can.
A vehicle for exploring the surface of an
extraterrestrial body (such as the Moon and
There is a rover on Mars called Curiosity. It is gathering information and sending it back to Earth.
Something that orbits around another object; for
example, a moon orbiting a planet or
a human-made object orbiting Earth
Satellites can be man-made objects, or they can be natural objects such as the moon.
An optical instrument for viewing distant objects
When they were first invented, telescopes were only used for seeing things on Earth. But Galileo was the first one to use them for space exploration.
A building or place given over to or
equipped for observation of natural phenomena
Observatories often have large telescopes used to study other planets.
International Space Station
An orbiting space satellite, construction of which
began in 2001 with the cooperation of 16 nations;
used for scientific and space research
The International Space Station was very expensive to build and launch into space.
The father of modern science; made
improvements to the telescope and discovered
the four largest moons of Jupiter, among many
other scientific accomplishments
Galileo made many important discoveries during his lifetime that have helped us greatly in space exploration.
Scientists who travel into space
Astronauts must go through lots of training before they are ready to travel into space.
National Aeronautics and Space Administration;
the American governmental agency dedicated to
NASA has made many discoveries and accomplishments involving space exploration. | aerospace | 1 |
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