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Hi, I have a sharp pain in my chest in my back when I wake up... it's usually behind my left lung and easy to pinpoint. I am a smoker, but only smoke 8 cigarettes a day at most. I don't use drugs. I am 18 years old, 5 feet and zero inches tall, and I weigh 104 pounds. I have a history of mild costochondritis. Is my smoking related to this sharp pain?
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Hi doctor, I am 32 years old. I have GERD since a few years as the doctor told me after a diagnosis where he took the camera inside the food pipe. Anyway, I used to smoke then I quit but recently I smoked a bit when I was in holiday, after coming back from holidays I am getting a lump like feeling under my Adam's apple, just where the neck and the chest meet when I swallow food or saliva. It is very disturbing. I went to the doctor and he told it is maybe because of inflammation of the food pipe and gave me to do an ultrasound but everything went well. Nothing was found. But the feeling of something stuck is making me worried. Should I be concerned?
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Im having pain under and around my ribs on the right side I dont have a gaulbladder i am having regular bowel movements and passing gas i have vomited the pain is constant with sharp pains frequently that make me unable to stand up all the way i dont know if this warrents a emergency room visit or not
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Hello I am a 55 year old maale who underwent a laporotomy in May this year to remove scar tisssue from previous surgery which had caused an obstruction in my bowel. Recently I have had a dull pain in my abdomen near the site of the scar and my motions have been a little loose. I have also been feeling sick especially in the morning but have not actually vomited.The sensation is eased by eating. My appetite is good but I am also taking warfarin as a result of a pulmonary embolism resulting from the surgery mentioned above.Any idea what this may be ? Thank you. Neil Mackintosh UK
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) (How can my diet treat the symptoms of IBS?): Eating smaller meals more often, or eating smaller portions, may help your irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Large meals can cause cramping and diarrhea if you have IBS.Eating foods that are low in fat and high in carbohydrates, such as pasta, rice, whole-grain breads and cereals, fruits, and vegetables, may help.Fiber may improve constipation symptoms caused by IBS because it makes stool soft and easier to pass. Fiber is a part of foods such as whole-grain breads and cereals, beans, fruits, and vegetables. The U.S. Department of Agriculture and U.S. Department of Health and Human Services state in its Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 (PDF, 2.963 MB) that adults should get 22 to 34 grams of fiber a day.3While fiber may help constipation, it may not reduce the abdominal discomfort or pain of IBS. In fact, some people with IBS may feel a bit more abdominal discomfort after adding more fiber to their diet. Add foods with fiber to your diet a little at a time to let your body get used to them. Too much fiber at once can cause gas, which can trigger symptoms in people with IBS. Adding fiber to your diet slowly, by 2 to 3 grams a day, may help prevent gas and bloating.
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Last night before going to bed what I thought to be an insect bite suddenly flamed up. It was extremely red, started to burn and later led to my muscles around the infected area to spasm and ache. the next morning the pain had spread to my entire leg, and therefore I went to the hospital. The docter said that the infected hair folicle had led to blood poisoning. There was already a small line running up my leg, only about 6cm long. she put me on course of antibiotics. I just want to know if it is really possible to get blood poisoning from an infected hair follicle?
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hello doctor, i am 33 yr old female. i started getting tingling and numbness in my both hands since last year.i am having severe hairfall problem, bodyache, calf muscle pain, irritability and depression. at times i am confused and not able to take decision.( this was never before) i checked my b12 and vit d levels they are 155 and 16 respectively.i want to know the injections to be taken for the same , the detailed course with dose and tablets to be taken thereafter.i want to come to my normal course. i am a vegeterian.waiting for your reply.
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Hi, I am trying to conceive now , Follicular scan showed 1.2 mm by .7 mm follicle on my left ovary on 11th day . I have pcos and have irregular periods. Today is my 14th day , what are the chances of me conceiving this month ? I am taking melmet 1g and floic acid 5 mg.
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What is the typical age at which a baby is expected to be able to walk on its own?
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my granddaughter has not been well they have had her to the doctors she has not been drinking much they have giving her water in a syringe because she wont drink her mouth is sore she is 2 yrs old but her little gums started to bleed a little bit what should they do pleaseshold they wait and see how she goes or is it life threatning
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I am a 48 yr old female who had a follow-up CT w/wo contrast the other day. The first one was in april of this year because I felt nausea all the time for about 2 months. Same thing happened last year around the same time of year but they did upper GI and that was fine, and it just went away! So when it happened this year again, we did CT scan . First one in april says 0.5 cm subscapsular low attenuation lesion in left lobe of liver.to small to accurately characterize. also a subcentimeter right renal cyst . Urinary bladder is underdisteded. And there were some cysts on pelvic wall likely ovarian, more numerous on the right than the left and together measuring 6 cm on right and 2 cm for the one on left pelvic wall. So, all that said...the Ct I just had the other day says left hepatic lobe lesions are stable. what does that mean? and minimal focal fatty infiltration along falciform ligament???? also,stable subcentimeter right renal cyst???? interval resalution of cysts noted along left pelvic sidewall on prior examination. 1,7 cm right anterior pelvic cyst is unchanged. two additional right pelvic cysts present on prior exam have resolved. impression was the pelvic cyst is likely ovarian in origin (I had left ovary and tube removed about 4 years ago due to a cyst of 6 cm which was benign and the tube was bad because endometriosis that I didnt know I had! stable subcentimeter hepatic low attenuation lesions and small right renal cyst. mild benign depression of the superior endplate of L1 (I have a herniated disc L4-5, and spinal stenosis and arthritis around a very old fracture from when I was a kid. So....can you tell me what all this means? nausea is gone for now...tired alot and drink 5 hr energy drinks to keep working all day! and about once a year my ferritin gets very low...H&H is always fine, but my hematologist gives me IV faraheam treatment. had gastric bypass 8 years ago and lost about 100 lbs, had my gallbladder removed about 15 years ago, had partial hysterectomy about 12 years ago due to bleeding, I see a hematologist because I have Vonwillabrands. Runs if the family! So can you tell me what all that stuff really means??? thank you!
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best treatment for grade 1 spondylolisthesis of l5 over s1 ,reduced disc height ,partial disc desiccation, mild diffuse disc bulge at L5-S1 level causing mild indentation over ventral thecal sac, mild encroachment of B/L neural foraminal & mild indentation over B/L exiting nerve roots. My father of age 54 is suffering from this problem I want the best treatment for him.
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hi doc, this is my fourth month of pregnancy,and my thyroid level is much higher than normal.now i want to know what complications i could fac e in near future.is this also bad for the baby. what are the contolling measures for it. thanx
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Hello doctor, I am 48 years old. I am experiencing weak erection and difficulty in sustaining the same. This condition was observed 10 years back. Also, there is premature ejaculation. Other physical ailments that I have are, I am suffering from hypertension and taking Amlopres-L (Amlodipine and Lisinopril) for the last 10 years, high cholesterol and triglycerides. My cholesterol level is 225 and triglyceride is 200 for the last 12 years. I used to do frequent masturbation in early age. I do have erection during morning hours many times, particularly after sound sleep or if I had long walk previous day. I am having Sildenafil 25 mg or 5 mg Cialis, which is effective enough. But, I wish to get rid of tablet support and live natural way. I consulted urologist today and he prescribed me Nano-Leo capsules and Modula 5 mg for 10 days. I wish to have your second opinion on this. Please guide.
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My husband has just been diagnosed with prostate cancer - Gleason score of 8. The urologist is recommending a bone scan to see if it has spread. Then surgery or radiation. we would like to get a second opinion on the treatment and want to find a surgeon who practices at a good hospital and is a specialist in doing this kind of surgery. We have excellent insurance. My husband's name is Dan Jurenka and I am his wife Christine. We live in Long Beach CA.
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I have bumps about the size of a pea on my thighs, my tummy and even under my armpit. I know im not supposed to pick, but I do. I take a sewing needle and insert. Theres no pain. But a pea sized amount of white greasy(almost bacon fat coconsistency) comes out. What is that caused from?
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I am taking a series of medications and have been expiriencing hallucinations and body pains in my arms and feet. I was wondering if i list the medications, if you could tell me whether or not these symptoms may be the result of any of the medications reacting negatively with one another?
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i think i might have ocd..every nite before i go to bed for about the last 4 years i have to lock all the doors of the house (which isnt so bad) but in the last year i have to look in my cupboreds and under my bed..its realy stupid i`ve asked myself what i thinks going to be there and i dont know..im woried that its going to get worse..and the worst part is if i leave my room i have to do it ALL again
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Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a common complication of chemotherapy in oncological children and one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality in these patients. The early detection of a bacteremia and the rapid therapeutic intervention are crucial to improve the outcome. We analyzed the literature in order to clarify the epidemiology of FN in children undergoing chemotherapy, the specific factors associated with a negative outcome, the most common etiology, and the value of biological markers as a tool to make an early diagnosis or to monitor the evolution of the infection. Several studies have tried to identify specific factors that could help the clinician in the detection of an infection and in its microbiological identification. However, due to the heterogenicity of the available studies, sufficient evidence is lacking to establish the role of these risk factors in clinical practice and future research on this topic appear mandatory. Determinations of risk factors, etiology, and markers of febrile episodes in these patients are complicated by the characteristics of the underlying illness and the effects of treatments received. Although some studies have tried to develop an evidence-based guideline for the empiric management of FN in pediatrics, validated predictive scores and algorithms are still lacking and urgently needed.
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The inside of my right elbow feels like it is bruised and so does the top side of my left wrist. I have not done anything to them that i am aware of. They have been hurting for two weeks bout. And the only physical activity i have been doing are relaxing bike rides. I cant even drive now without my arms being in pain. Any advise
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I am taking 200 mg of Pristiq and 30 mg lexapro and 450 wellbutrin. i need to raise my lexapro up to 40mg because i have alot of anxiety and it helped so much when i took 40 mg before i started the pristiq but now that pristiq has been added i m afraid to up it because of seratonin syndrome . what is your opinion on this? is it safe to up it to 40mg?
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My 6 month old daughter fell off the bed and hit the top and back of her head on the edges of a shelf. There is a slightly raised red bump in the back and a scape like red mark on top of her head. She cried for about 20 minutes and then acted normally laughing and crawling. We observed her for a while and then she went to sleep because it was her regular nap time. She is sleeping now but I wonder, should we take her to the ER?
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What is a risk factor for cataracts related to the passage of time?
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Senior medical students at the University of Auckland, New Zealand spend most of their learning time in clinical attachments. Experiential apprentice-style training is traditionally recognised as an important aspect of obtaining competency. In March 2020 they were stood down from their general practice placements in the context of a national response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Acute conversion of their general practice education from experiential clinical exposure to online and offsite learning was required. This paper describes the steps taken and the underlying theoretical foundations for our expediently developed online course. Our online learning programme has three online components, reflecting the domains of educational environment theory: asynchronous discussion forums; a symposium facilitating social interactions and teacher presence, and a portfolio facilitating personal goal aspects. The latter is underpinned by a multi-theories model of adult learning, built upon the scaffolding framework that supports our entire medical curriculum. Within this theory, we propose a five-stage model of learning. Learning from this experience contributes to the body of knowledge around online education, particularly in meeting the needs of a clinical attachment traditionally grounded in experiential learning. It is hoped that the mechanisms described here might be useful to other educators facing similar challenges.
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What to expect if I have Prostatitis (Outlook/Prognosis)?
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Background: High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) is a recent respiratory support technique used for patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure;its use usually takes place in critical care wards. During the second wave of Covid-19, almost 400 000 people were hospitalized in France, and intensive care units were overwhelmed. For patients who did not meet criteria for admission to an intensive care unit because of their age or their medical background, we proposed HFNC in non-critical care unit instead of standard oxygen therapy to improve patient survival and comfort. Objectives: To describe characteristics and outcomes of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with HFNC in non-critical care wards between September 2020 and June 2021. Methods: : This was a single-center, retrospective cohort study conducted between September and June 2021 in Clamart Hospital, France. Patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 confirmed, who were not suitable for intensive care unit escalation, and who were proposed HFNC because of respiratory failure were assessed. Results: Thirty-one patients with SARS-CoV-2 were included, median age 87.0 years (interquartile range (IQR), 82.0-91.0), 52% men. Nineteen (61%) patients were OMS score 0, i.e. no disability in daily-life activities. HNFC was started a median of 3 days (IQR, 1-5.5) after hospitalization. Overall, median duration of HNFC was 6 days (IQR, 4-10). Eleven patients (35.5%) survived and were discharged from hospital. Conclusions: Our experience of HFNC for patients with COVID-19 outside of a critical care environment because of their age and comorbidities is positive allowing survival of 35% of old patients not admitted to an intensive care unit. Trial registration :Not applicable
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Hi I lost my father 7weeks ago and have suddenly got red itchy skin on my face it looks a bit swollen as well can grief bring this on also about 6days ago I started using Whitchurch hazel as a toner on my face could it be this I stopped using this 2days ago thanks
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I was in on both sides of my face early Sunday morning in the eye and cheek area after finding my daughters acting strangely / aggresively at around 2:00 in the am. We did call the police one is in jail and the other is no longer in the house they're both 21. My ears started ringing earlier today and I have some facial swelling and bruising. Should I be concerned?
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How do Class II antiarrhythmics treat arrhythmias, and what is their mechanism of action?
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How to reduce SGOT and SGPT enzymes , i have gone through the LFT and found SGOT are 109 and SGPT are 140. How to reduce them...what is the diet and what are the medicines as i have less money to consult a doctor in delhi who are charging more than 500 consultation fee as Gastro experts.
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Hi I have a lump on my upper spine a week ago it was small and no pain, now it s twice the size itches and quite painfully, My history recently had shingles about 4 weeks ago, also had leukaemia in sept 2012 CML and ALL treated in dec 2012 bonemarrow transplant due to extensive chemo and radio therapy had suffered nerve damage
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my daughter got a quetip and i was in the other room i heard her start crying i ran in and she tried to use a quetip and she was crying hard and when i seen the quetip there was a spot of blood and now she has fallen asleep and seemed ok and she just now started crying a bit and her ear was a little bloody and earlier it wasent should i take her to the emergency room
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I had vein closure last week. Then two days later my heart started to have palpitations. The bm was approximate 84-97. I could feel my pulse in my neck and chest. Then I had a burning sensation in my chest from the center to the rib cage and in my abdomen. I had a cpm and lipid panel and it came back normal. I had a ECG done and it was normal. My chest burning sensation feels to be getting worse. The doctor said vitals bp 120/70 were also normal. The burning sensation is causing me to get really anxious. I am also taking ibuprofen for the leg pain and the dr. Advised to take ibuprofen pm and nexus. I'm getting really nervous. My dr. Ordered a CBC and it returned normal. What do you suggest?
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My husband had seed implant with radiation at Radiotherapy Clinics of Georgia 6 years ago. He goes every 6 months for his PSA check and faxes it to Georgia. They keep a data base of everyone s PSA level. My husband had his checked in August 2013 it was .0233 3 months later it was 7.8 a week later for a recheck in case of error it was 8.3 the only thing he has done different is to take allergy pills and Benadryl. For a month he has suffered sneezing and runny nose, we thought may be caused by wearing his C-Pap, maybe he has contracted Bacteria from the hose in his nose. What should we do?
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hi Dr,i am married nd hav got irregular priods. we would like to hav a baby. we hav consulted a Dr and he said i hav got PCOD. i hav got high LH level. Dr advised me to take Duoluton_L tab. i hav read it is a contracptive. Is this medicine help me to get pregnant?? waiting for ur reply,Ann
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Hello doctor,Last night my friend's dog licked my hand and I ate food with that hand without washing it. The problem is that I also have a bleeding gum. Am I at a risk to contract any infections or diseases specifically rabies? Kindly advice as I am a little apprehensive.
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Had spinal fusion with bone graft 9 yrs ago l5 S1 , having chronic pain also on my whole spine , also have grade 1 anterooms thesis , C4 till C6, is it normal for me to feel right leg pain but not sciatica , also feeling tight on my calf and right middle toe has no sensation, numb
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Hey doc. I had some long sex last wknd, which led to my penis not looking so hot. Vaseline a couple of times a day nursed it pretty much back to health, but noticed yesterday that now I ve got 4 very small red areas, all slightly raised like a pimple, and all with a hole in the middle. Not white like a whitehead pimple or black like a blackhead, but just a tiny hole. One red area is at the bottom of my penis hole opening. One red area is on the left side of my penis head. One on middle left side of my shaft. And the last is near the base of my penis. Any insight you can add would be greatly appreciated. Thanks doc.
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hello doctor, pcos detected at the age of 19. My doctor prescribed ovral-l and i took it for 3 years. I got married at the age of 24. Its 2 years since marriage but no child yet. Doctor prescribed me ovacet with metformin and i took it for 6 months but no improvement. I am bit overweight but not obese only belly has more fat. Please tell me will my condition improve and what should i do? I am very tensed because of this.
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What is the mechanism of action of alemtuzumab, and what is its target?
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HI my total cholestoral is 218, LDL 168, hdl 41 triglyceride is 93.Should i take medication?Age 37. Also my SGPT 70 sgot 27 my testesterone count is 227 Had been taking garlic pearls at night after bedtime along with revital for few months now.Is there any linkage? I am 6 ft weight 74 with thin built but slight belly fat since past 6 months of sedentary lifestyle.BP remains normal 120 80 or 70...and i do have tendency of being stessed
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good evening all doctors. Respectable SIR i just want to know about that my mother has blood pressure and blood sugar . every time day and morning i check my self BP IS 240/120 OR MORE AND B:SUGAR IS 480 , SO CAN YOU TELL ME which tableates are good for to normal BP AND B:SUGAR?
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What is the explanation behind Archive016 and User ID?
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Q:A 25-year-old man comes to the physician because of an 8-hour history of painful leg cramping, runny nose, chills, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Examination shows cool, damp skin with piloerection. The pupils are 7 mm in diameter and equal in size. Deep tendon reflexes are 3+ bilaterally. The diagnosis of opioid withdrawal is made. After the patient is stabilized, the physician initiates a withdrawal regimen with methadone. Which of the following characteristics makes this drug a suitable substance for the treatment of this patient's addiction?? {'A': 'Low dependence risk', 'B': 'Rapid onset of action', 'C': 'Limited potency', 'D': 'Long elimination half-life', 'E': 'Low tolerance potential'},
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DEAR DOCTOR TWO MONTHS AGO I HAD A COMPRESSION Th 12 SPINE FRACTURE, WHEN I FALL IN ICE. NO DISLOCATION, NO NEUROLOGICAL SYMPTOMES. I AM FEMALE, 52 YEARS, I HAVE OSTEOPOROSSIS ALSO- I TAKE BIPHOSPHONATES. HOW LPNG I NEED TO WEAR BRACE, WHEN CAN I SIT THANKFULL, ALDONA B.
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Hello doctor, I am a 32-year-old single male. In the past, I have experimented with using non-deglycyrrhizinated licorice to reduce my libido and make single life more manageable. I have hereditary low blood pressure so that the side effect was not an issue for me. However, after a few days of use, the licorice causes me to develop muscle aches all over my body. Which I assume are due to the reduced potassium levels from the licorice. Is there a better alternative to the licorice? Or a way to prevent the loss of potassium so I can use it for more than a few days at a time? No matter what I ate, (bananas, avocados, apricots), it did not seem to be enough.
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Preeclampsia Overview Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure and signs of damage to another organ system, most often the liver and kidneys. Preeclampsia usually begins after 20 weeks of pregnancy in women whose blood pressure had been normal. Even a slight rise in blood pressure may be a sign of preeclampsia. Left untreated, preeclampsia can lead to serious - even fatal - complications for both you and your baby. If you have preeclampsia, the only cure is delivery of your baby. If you're diagnosed with preeclampsia too early in your pregnancy to deliver your baby, you and your doctor face a challenging task. Your baby needs more time to mature, but you need to avoid putting yourself or your baby at risk of serious complications. Symptoms Preeclampsia sometimes develops without any symptoms. High blood pressure may develop slowly, or it may have a sudden onset. Monitoring your blood pressure is an important part of prenatal care because the first sign of preeclampsia is commonly a rise in blood pressure. Blood pressure that exceeds 140/90 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) or greater - documented on two occasions, at least four hours apart - is abnormal. Other signs and symptoms of preeclampsia may include: - Excess protein in your urine (proteinuria) or additional signs of kidney problems - Severe headaches - Changes in vision, including temporary loss of vision, blurred vision or light sensitivity - Upper abdominal pain, usually under your ribs on the right side - Nausea or vomiting - Decreased urine output - Decreased levels of platelets in your blood (thrombocytopenia) - Impaired liver function - Shortness of breath, caused by fluid in your lungs Sudden weight gain and swelling (edema) - particularly in your face and hands - may occur with preeclampsia. But these also occur in many normal pregnancies, so they're not considered reliable signs of preeclampsia. Make sure you attend your prenatal visits so that your care provider can monitor your blood pressure. Contact your doctor immediately or go to an emergency room if you have severe headaches, blurred vision or other visual disturbance, severe pain in your abdomen, or severe shortness of breath. Because headaches, nausea, and aches and pains are common pregnancy complaints, it's difficult to know when new symptoms are simply part of being pregnant and when they may indicate a serious problem - especially if it's your first pregnancy. If you're concerned about your symptoms, contact your doctor. Causes The exact cause of preeclampsia involves several factors. Experts believe it begins in the placenta - the organ that nourishes the fetus throughout pregnancy. Early in pregnancy, new blood vessels develop and evolve to efficiently send blood to the placenta. In women with preeclampsia, these blood vessels don't seem to develop or function properly. They're narrower than normal blood vessels and react differently to hormonal signaling, which limits the amount of blood that can flow through them. Causes of this abnormal development may include: - Insufficient blood flow to the uterus - Damage to the blood vessels - A problem with the immune system - Certain genes Preeclampsia is classified as one of four high blood pressure disorders that can occur during pregnancy. The other three are: - Gestational hypertension. Women with gestational hypertension have high blood pressure but no excess protein in their urine or other signs of organ damage. Some women with gestational hypertension eventually develop preeclampsia. - Chronic hypertension. Chronic hypertension is high blood pressure that was present before pregnancy or that occurs before 20 weeks of pregnancy. But because high blood pressure usually doesn't have symptoms, it may be hard to determine when it began. - Chronic hypertension with superimposed preeclampsia. This condition occurs in women who have been diagnosed with chronic high blood pressure before pregnancy, but then develop worsening high blood pressure and protein in the urine or other health complications during pregnancy. Risk factors Preeclampsia develops only as a complication of pregnancy. Risk factors include: - History of preeclampsia. A personal or family history of preeclampsia significantly raises your risk of preeclampsia. - Chronic hypertension. If you already have chronic hypertension, you have a higher risk of developing preeclampsia. - First pregnancy. The risk of developing preeclampsia is highest during your first pregnancy. - New paternity. Each pregnancy with a new partner increases the risk of preeclampsia more than does a second or third pregnancy with the same partner. - Age. The risk of preeclampsia is higher for very young pregnant women as well as pregnant women older than 40. - Obesity. The risk of preeclampsia is higher if you're obese. - Multiple pregnancy. Preeclampsia is more common in women who are carrying twins, triplets or other multiples. - Interval between pregnancies. Having babies less than two years or more than 10 years apart leads to a higher risk of preeclampsia. - History of certain conditions. Having certain conditions before you become pregnant - such as chronic high blood pressure, migraines, type 1 or type 2 diabetes, kidney disease, a tendency to develop blood clots, or lupus - increases your risk of preeclampsia. - In vitro fertilization. Your risk of preeclampsia is increased if your baby was conceived with in vitro fertilization. Complications The more severe your preeclampsia and the earlier it occurs in your pregnancy, the greater the risks for you and your baby. Preeclampsia may require induced labor and delivery. Delivery by cesarean delivery (C-section) may be necessary if there are clinical or obstetric conditions that require a speedy delivery. Your obstetric provider will assist you in deciding what type of delivery is correct for your condition. Complications of preeclampsia may include: - Fetal growth restriction. Preeclampsia affects the arteries carrying blood to the placenta. If the placenta doesn't get enough blood, your baby may receive inadequate blood and oxygen and fewer nutrients. This can lead to slow growth known as fetal growth restriction, low birth weight or preterm birth. - Preterm birth. If you have preeclampsia with severe features, you may need to be delivered early, to save the life of you and your baby. Prematurity can lead to breathing and other problems for your baby. Your health care provider will help you understand when is the ideal time for your delivery. - Placental abruption. Preeclampsia increases your risk of placental abruption, a condition in which the placenta separates from the inner wall of your uterus before delivery. Severe abruption can cause heavy bleeding, which can be life-threatening for both you and your baby. - HELLP syndrome. HELLP - which stands for hemolysis (the destruction of red blood cells), elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count - syndrome is a more severe form of preeclampsia, and can rapidly become life-threatening for both you and your baby. Symptoms of HELLP syndrome include nausea and vomiting, headache, and upper right abdominal pain. HELLP syndrome is particularly dangerous because it represents damage to several organ systems. On occasion, it may develop suddenly, even before high blood pressure is detected or it may develop without any symptoms at all. - Eclampsia. When preeclampsia isn't controlled, eclampsia - which is essentially preeclampsia plus seizures - can develop. It is very difficult to predict which patients will have preeclampsia that is severe enough to result in eclampsia. Often, there are no symptoms or warning signs to predict eclampsia. Because eclampsia can have serious consequences for both mom and baby, delivery becomes necessary, regardless of how far along the pregnancy is. - Other organ damage. Preeclampsia may result in kidney, liver, lung, heart, or eyes, and may cause a stroke or other brain injury. The amount of injury to other organs depends on the severity of preeclampsia. - Cardiovascular disease. Having preeclampsia may increase your risk of future heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. The risk is even greater if you've had preeclampsia more than once or you've had a preterm delivery. To minimize this risk, after delivery try to maintain your ideal weight, eat a variety of fruits and vegetables, exercise regularly, and don't smoke. Diagnosis To diagnose preeclampsia, you have to have high blood pressure and one or more of the following complications after the 20th week of pregnancy: - Protein in your urine (proteinuria) - A low platelet count - Impaired liver function - Signs of kidney trouble other than protein in the urine - Fluid in the lungs (pulmonary edema) - New-onset headaches or visual disturbances Previously, preeclampsia was only diagnosed if high blood pressure and protein in the urine were present. However, experts now know that it's possible to have preeclampsia, yet never have protein in the urine. A blood pressure reading in excess of 140/90 mm Hg is abnormal in pregnancy. However, a single high blood pressure reading doesn't mean you have preeclampsia. If you have one reading in the abnormal range - or a reading that's substantially higher than your usual blood pressure - your doctor will closely observe your numbers. Having a second abnormal blood pressure reading four hours after the first may confirm your doctor's suspicion of preeclampsia. Your doctor may have you come in for additional blood pressure readings and blood and urine tests. Tests that may be needed If your doctor suspects preeclampsia, you may need certain tests, including: - Blood tests. Your doctor will order liver function tests, kidney function tests and also measure your platelets - the cells that help blood clot. - Urine analysis. Your doctor will ask you to collect your urine for 24 hours, for measurement of the amount of protein in your urine. A single urine sample that measures the ratio of protein to creatinine - a chemical that's always present in the urine - also may be used to make the diagnosis. - Fetal ultrasound. Your doctor may also recommend close monitoring of your baby's growth, typically through ultrasound. The images of your baby created during the ultrasound exam allow your doctor to estimate fetal weight and the amount of fluid in the uterus (amniotic fluid). - Nonstress test or biophysical profile. A nonstress test is a simple procedure that checks how your baby's heart rate reacts when your baby moves. A biophysical profile uses an ultrasound to measure your baby's breathing, muscle tone, movement and the volume of amniotic fluid in your uterus. Treatment The only cure for preeclampsia is delivery. You're at increased risk of seizures, placental abruption, stroke and possibly severe bleeding until your blood pressure decreases. Of course, if it's too early in your pregnancy, delivery may not be the best thing for your baby. If you're diagnosed with preeclampsia, your doctor will let you know how often you'll need to come in for prenatal visits - likely more frequently than what's typically recommended for pregnancy. You'll also need more frequent blood tests, ultrasounds and nonstress tests than would be expected in an uncomplicated pregnancy. Medications Possible treatment for preeclampsia may include: - Medications to lower blood pressure. These medications, called antihypertensives, are used to lower your blood pressure if it's dangerously high. Blood pressure in the 140/90 millimeters of mercury (mm Hg) range generally isn't treated. Although there are many different types of antihypertensive medications, a number of them aren't safe to use during pregnancy. Discuss with your doctor whether you need to use an antihypertensive medicine in your situation to control your blood pressure. - Corticosteroids. If you have severe preeclampsia or HELLP syndrome, corticosteroid medications can temporarily improve liver and platelet function to help prolong your pregnancy. Corticosteroids can also help your baby's lungs become more mature in as little as 48 hours - an important step in preparing a premature baby for life outside the womb. - Anticonvulsant medications. If your preeclampsia is severe, your doctor may prescribe an anticonvulsant medication, such as magnesium sulfate, to prevent a first seizure. Bed rest Bed rest used to be routinely recommended for women with preeclampsia. But research hasn't shown a benefit from this practice, and it can increase your risk of blood clots, as well as impact your economic and social lives. For most women, bed rest is no longer recommended. Hospitalization Severe preeclampsia may require that you be hospitalized. In the hospital, your doctor may perform regular nonstress tests or biophysical profiles to monitor your baby's well-being and measure the volume of amniotic fluid. A lack of amniotic fluid is a sign of poor blood supply to the baby. Delivery If you're diagnosed with preeclampsia near the end of your pregnancy, your doctor may recommend inducing labor right away. The readiness of your cervix - whether it's beginning to open (dilate), thin (efface) and soften (ripen) - also may be a factor in determining whether or when labor will be induced. In severe cases, it may not be possible to consider your baby's gestational age or the readiness of your cervix. If it's not possible to wait, your doctor may induce labor or schedule a C-section right away. During delivery, you may be given magnesium sulfate intravenously to prevent seizures. If you need pain-relieving medication after your delivery, ask your doctor what you should take. NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin IB, others) and naproxen sodium (Aleve), can increase your blood pressure.
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I recently got off my depo shit. I stopped taking it in December and finally got my period in December. I have been having unprotected sex. I missed my period and have been experiencing minor cramping, lots of gas, eating a lot, light headaches here and there, long naps during the day, difficulty getting comfortable at night to sleep, slightly sore nipples, I had light bleeding about 2 weeks ago, shortness of breath at some times as well. Could I be pregnant even though I just got off depo
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My father is suffering from :1. Ascites due to Liver Cirrhosis2. Surgical pain as his gall bladder was removed surgically due to gall stone in last 48 hours. Doctor suggested him TRAMADOL ( opioid) for pain management.3. He is suffering from constipation for almost 48 hours. Is it an sign of impending attack of Hepatic Encephalopathy ?His cognitive functions are all ok.
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Exposure of the airways epithelium to environmental insults, including cigarette smoke, results in increased oxidative stress due to unbalance between oxidants and antioxidants in favor of oxidants. Oxidative stress is a feature of inflammation and promotes the progression of chronic lung diseases, including Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Increased oxidative stress leads to exhaustion of antioxidant defenses, alterations in autophagy/mitophagy and cell survival regulatory mechanisms, thus promoting cell senescence. All these events are amplified by the increase of inflammation driven by oxidative stress. Several models of bronchial epithelial cells are used to study the molecular mechanisms and the cellular functions altered by cigarette smoke extract (CSE) exposure, and to test the efficacy of molecules with antioxidant properties. This review offers a comprehensive synthesis of human in-vitro and ex-vivo studies published from 2011 to 2021 describing the molecular and cellular mechanisms evoked by CSE exposure in bronchial epithelial cells, the most used experimental models and the mechanisms of action of cellular antioxidants systems as well as natural and synthetic antioxidant compounds.
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Q:A 5-year-old boy is brought to his pediatrician's office by his parents for a scheduled visit. His father tells the physician that he has observed, on several occasions, that his son has difficulty breathing. This is more prominent when he is outside playing with his friends. These symptoms are increased during the spring and winter seasons, and, of late, the boy has one such episode almost every week. During these episodes, he usually wheezes, coughs, and seems to be winded as if something was restricting his ability to breathe. These symptoms have not affected his sleep at night. This breathlessness does not limit his daily activities, and whenever he does have an episode it subsides after he gets some rest. He does not have any other pertinent medical history and is not on any medication. His physical examination does not reveal any significant findings. The pediatrician checks his expiratory flow rate in the office and estimates it to be around 85% after conducting it three times. Which of the following drugs is the pediatrician most likely to start this patient on?? {'A': 'Inhaled salmeterol', 'B': 'Inhaled albuterol', 'C': 'High-dose budesonide', 'D': 'Low-dose fluticasone', 'E': 'Oral prednisone'},
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I bit my cheek a week ago while chewing gum. I continued to chew gum and bit it again. I have a hole in cheek. It hurts to talk, smile and eat. It feels warm from the inside. There is a swollen lymph node under my jaw line on the side that i bit also my neck hurts. Should i see a Dr or does it need more time to heal?
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What does the term "pectus carinatum" mean?
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a rat bite my 3year old child on 24th october night. now he has fever on 13th November and recurring every third day(16th and 19th). we have seen a doctor twice and he declined it to be RBF(rat bite fever) and subscribed us tablets for Malaria lumerax and zifi-o. please suggest what to do as i am confused.
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Mental health issues are at the forefront of healthcare challenges facing contemporary human society. These issues are most prevalent among working-age people, impacting negatively on the individual, his/her family, workplace, community, and the economy. Conventional mental healthcare services, although highly effective, cannot be scaled up to address the increasing demand from affected individuals, as evidenced in the first two years of the COVID-19 pandemic. Conversational agents, or chatbots, are a recent technological innovation that has been successfully adapted for mental healthcare as a scalable platform of cross-platform smartphone applications that provides first-level support for such individuals. Despite this disposition, mental health chatbots in the extant literature and practice are limited in terms of the therapy provided and the level of personalisation. For instance, most chatbots extend Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) into predefined conversational pathways that are generic and ineffective in recurrent use. In this paper, we postulate that Behavioural Activation (BA) therapy and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are more effectively materialised in a chatbot setting to provide recurrent emotional support, personalised assistance, and remote mental health monitoring. We present the design and development of our BA-based AI chatbot, followed by its participatory evaluation in a pilot study setting that confirmed its effectiveness in providing support for individuals with mental health issues.
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These two signaling pathways seem to be independent: analysis of the relationship between the genes from those pathways using all possible types of interactions identified no cross talk between them (data not shown).
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I have been having heart palpitations for about six weeks. It started only when I layed down but now it happens more often. I do not smoke drink or even drink caffeine. It agrivates my gerd. I am 41 weigh 169 and am 6 1. My biological died of cardiopathy in his early 40 s. Most of what I read says not to worry but should I?
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Barriers to expanding APPE availability include: introductory pharmacy practice experience (IPPE) and APPE expansion, growth of new and existing pharmacy programs, financial instability of acute care facilities, and lack of preceptor development resources.
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HelloMy sister(13yrs old) is suffering from severe abdomianl pain since last 4-5 days. She is not vomiting, but yes feels nauseated sometimes..we consulted our family doctor and said this is happening due to a 'swelling on her intestine' she is on medications right now. But the pain is persistent.She doesn't feel the urge to eat anything, we are scared she might become weak if this continues..kindly provide me some suggestions, specially related to her diet.Thank you
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Hello doctor, After my second child (born three years ago) I had PPH. It was a terrible experience and my ob/gyn literally had to pull the clots out with his arms while two nurses held me down. It had to be done so quickly. And now to this day, I always have pain before I get my period, and at random times it is so painful. Do you have any thoughts on what could be happening? He has requested a gynecological scan but when I book it, it needs to be within a few days of my period ending. I would really appreciate this as I am wondering if I am not really able to have any more kids? I am not sensitive and am happy to hear the truth.
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WHAT DOES LIVER IS UNREMARKABLE, 4MM DIAMETER T2 HYPERINTENSE LESION PRESENT IN HEPATIC SEGMENT VII, HYPO ENHANCING AT EARLY ARTERIAL PHASE WITH PROGRESSIVE FILL IN AT THE EXTEDED POST CONTRAST DELAY. THERE IS ASSOCIATED T2 SHINE THROUGH ON DIFFUSION WIEGHTED IMAGING. MEAN
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Hi doctor, Recently, my wife had a fasting sugar level test. The insulin (fasting serum plasma chemiluminescence) was shown as 9.3 mcu/mL. We had recently consulted a gynecologist who said that the result is very near to borderline case and prescribed Metformin 500 mg tablets. As per the diagnostic laboratory, the reference range is between 2.6 to 24.9. Why did the gynecologist prescribe the medicine when as per the laboratory the result is within the reference range? The gynecologist is a very well reputed and renowned doctor in my city.
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i drank alcohol and i had rashes all over my trunk. it is so itchy and i really cant sleep. what should i do or medications to take. i am also allergic to seafoods and chicken. this time i found out that im also allergic to alcohol. please help. thank you :)
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Hi, I have pain in some tooth in lower left side of my jaw. I met a dentist today and she performed an xray . Although clinically there is no evidence of any severe cavity, she says that xrays shows a cavity and RCT is the only option. I want to know if there can be some other measures before going for RCT. ALso, please recommend a competent and honest doctor in XXXXX
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What is the typical goal range for INR during warfarin therapy?
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I am 18. I dont have large breasts but my left one is about double the size of my right breast. I can feel a large ball like lump in the left one. It used to hurt about 4 years back but I had read that new breast growth can sometimes feel like a lump and so I never gave it that much attention. It has not grown over the years but it still hurts sometimes if I run of wear a fitted top(I dont wear fitted tops anymore because the difference in size becomes more noticeable as well.) Recently my Grandpa had a lump removed from his prostate gland although it was not cancerous. Should I take the lump in my breast more seriously?
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Hi, my self Narendra, My son 4.5 months old, he is quite growing good and does not cry or some thing in day time. But when it comes in night times, He normally sleeps for one or one and half hours and gets up and then his mother has to feed him milk and then he sleeps for one or one and half hours and that s how night goes. I am really not understanding why it is happening to him. Also when he gets up, he rolls himself on stomach and tries to sit and starts crying until unless him mom does not feed him milk. I just want some suggestions whether he is OK or any thing wrong that we are not able to understand that he is probably feeling or so. Even we went for his vaccines today and consulted doctor about the same and doctor says that it s OK and baby does not have any problem. But only question I heard that if baby does not take long sleep in night than it affects babies growth. Is that correct? Looking for some good response on this. --Narendra
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my left ovary and tube were removed 3 weeks ago. I had a lot of pain in lower abdomen before surgery and now the pain is the same again. i am still taking vicadin, feeling frustrated at the pain and from not feeling a whole lot different. should i give things nore time? is this normal?
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Q:A pediatrician is investigating determinants of childhood obesity. He has been following a cohort of pregnant women with poorly controlled diabetes and comorbid obesity. In the ensuing years, he evaluated the BMI of the cohort's children. The results of the correlation analysis between mean childhood BMI (at 4 years of age) and both mean maternal BMI before pregnancy and mean maternal hemoglobin A1c during pregnancy are shown. All variables are continuous. Based on these findings, which of the following is the best conclusion?? {'A': 'Maternal BMI is a stronger predictor of childhood BMI than maternal HbA1c', 'B': 'Higher maternal HbA1c leads to increased childhood BMI', 'C': 'An increase in maternal BMI is associated with a decrease in childhood BMI', 'D': 'The association between maternal BMI and childhood BMI has a steeper slope than maternal HbA1c and childhood BMI', 'E': 'There is a positively correlated linear association between maternal BMI and childhood BMI'},
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Sir my mother is schizophrenic patient but she is not accepting that, she had schizophrenic episode in 2012 that time we admitted her and she took medicines for next 2 years. But within these 2 year she dosent have medicines..and now she is repeating all those things that was in 2012. She abused every one even me my sister and also my papa. Some times She beat papa n says that I will kill you...she even try to strangled me. All psychiatrist saying that she should be admitted to hospital but she is not accepting any thing....what should we do..because of this we all are depressed. Sir I need help from you..please suggest me what we have to do...
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hi doc, my son is 14 and suffers from halitosis. i made sure that his oral hygiene is followed and that he has no ENT problems but the issue is still there. he breathes badly and a lot through the mouth, could that be the cause? he is a healthy eater. thanks for answering.
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My 17 month old has large red spotted rash, some with pus coming to surface, but hasn't leaked, on her legs, arms, and some faint ones on her face. Has been like it for the past 24 hours. Not eating much either. She is around 10kgs, has little airways, and recently had pus in her throat, fluid in her ears, and crackly chest.
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Hi I need to know what to do. My Daughter has be precribed prednisone she started at 1000 mg 12 tab aonce and has been decreasing bt 1 tab daily. My daughter has been told at 18 that she had assmas and she has been using her puffers flo vent ventlin folvent 250mg. She has sufferd with assma in the summer every year and has been to the hospital and blood work come back good. She has mamory loss confusion.
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i am 14 years old and for a year no i have had really bad head aches and body aches my knees give out and my ankles are weak my hips sometimes have so much pain it is hard to walk and i have alot of lower back pain all the time but more when i wake up i hurt bones easily i have been doing gymnastics and cheerleading since i was two now i don t compete anymore i quite when i was nine but i still go once a week to gymnastics for a work out and i have been doing front handsprings as long as i can remember and i pulled my muscles and tore my tendons and ligaments in my elbow and i know for a fact that i didn t land on it wrong it gave out and became weak i get dizzy and faint a lot and really drowsy when i have a headache and very dizzy. I have very bad stomach pains and they are saying it is bursting ovarian cyst and they told me that is there guess cause they cant find anything else i feel like i am 50 is there anyone who knows what is going on this is horrible and im only fourteen and doctors keep blowing me off i need help please!
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hi, I have been told that I got the HPV , however, I am so concern about how I got it because I have not had sex since i got divorced (4 years ago)my last year test was clear but the recent one showed that I am carrying the virus. Could the HPV lay dormant for 4 years?! because as I said before my last year test was clear.Or could the HPV be transmitted without sexual intercourse?Is jacuzzi or viginal douche can cause or transmit the HPV ? Thanks
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I am a healthy 42 year old female. yesterday by right hand, I am right handed, was a little tingley and seemed a little boated, I kept it raised over my head for a bit and the swelling went down but today I noticed that most of my cuticles have tiny pinoint spots that look like blood or dried blood, it is in the cuticles themselves, the do not hurt. is this a symptom of anything?
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Hi, I have a lower back pain. Took MRI scan 6 months back(result says disk bulge) and last week I took xray in coccyx area. A plastic surgery doctor from chennai said me that it is pilonidal sinus and he suggested me to take PENTIDS 400 mg and sitz bath daily for 5 days. Please explain me and suggest me the best way to cure it. Thanks much in advance Age: 30 weight : 76 kg Height : 5 feet 10 inchs
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hy my name is shaina i stat my isci and doc give me injection decapeptyl they start from my 21 day of cycle and give me 10 injection and call me at hospital at 21 of tghis month i am little bit afraid can u help me and tell me the procdure actualy
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What information exists about Crigler-Najjar syndrome?
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What are the recent updates/alterations?
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hi im a 25 yr old male i broke up with my girlfriend about a year ago and havent been sexually active but recently there has been pus discharge i coming out of the tip of my penis i have a doctors app. in a few days but i cant wait can you help me with some insight?
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I currently have a bout with asthmatic bronchitis and last night during dinner I got a piece of lettuce stuck in my throat which caused me to start choaking. It took all I could do to try to breath some air without letting this food piece go down any further and catch enough breath to be able to cough it up. I had to run outside to feel fresh air while having a violent coughing attack which is when I started to get inmense chest pains accompanied with sharp sensation of needles and pins throughout my chest and shoulders. After spitting out the food piece I stayed coughing litely and the needeles and pins lasted for a few minutes longer. I can t explain what happened to me but that now when I cough even the slightest bit that hot, stinging sensation comes on me again. Should I go back to my MD who had put me on meds for the bronchitis that day.?
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I just finished a run (3mi with my wife, slow) and never had to breathe hard. within 3 min of finishing I have left upper chest pain, periscapular pains, and in the proximal 1/3 of left arm. My heart rate was down to 60BPM and a little tightness in the chest. Back at home I have a little light headedness and a BP of 122/82. Im only 31 and pretty fit. Not sure if we should be concerned or not.
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My daughter- in-law e- mailed me today to say that she is running a low- Temp. of 95.7( oral) Has abdominal pain, cramping, and it feels like the onset of diarrhea. She is concerned about a possible kidney infection. She says that the only way she can get comfortable is to lay on her bed and pull her knees up to her chest. I have recomended that she go see her Dr. , Would you have any other ideas?
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Hi doctor, I had sex for the first time. After that, I did not get my periods yet. I went to a gynecologist. She had taken my blood sample and it was negative. But, still I have not gotten my periods and it has been a week ahead. What could be the reason for my late periods?
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I am Nalini Tripathi fron New Delhi, with 5.2 ft height and weighing 65.4 kg. I have been on Haemodialysis since 1st July, 2008. I am suffering from Hepatitis C, genotype 1a since November, 2009.. For six months, I was put on Pegasys nterferon injections of 180 mg, but in vain. The viral liad increased to 4,33,000. Recently, I was diagonosed with Liver Cirrhosis. The right lobe of the liver is conmpletely scarred but the left lobe is within the normal limits. There is also mild Spleenomegaly with Ascetis.
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My cardiovascular doctor had me wear a monitor for 4-5 days; the results were that my heart was stopping for up to 3 seconds. My symptoms are sporadic beginning in the breast area a quick rush through my throat into my head, causing me to be lightheaded- not enough to feel faint. This rush seems to occur when inactive. I m 79 years of age, do not take any medication at all; very active physically lifting light weights 2 days a week and racewalk 3 days a week( racewalking is an activity similar to running). I ve was a former competitive racewalker! I m not over-weigh (6 1 - 175 lbs); eat very well and take vitamin & mineral supplements. I ve always had average blood pressure with a resting heart rate of high 40 s /low 50 s. I had the flu 3-4 months age and experienced as one of the symptoms as previously explained. My doctor says that he cannot rule out that the flu caused the problem. This symptom has increased in frequency since I got over the flu. He wants me to have a pacemaker inserted. I would appreciate comments.
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hello my husband is 36 yrs old and a diabetic who does not see a doctor and is also a alcoholic for about the past 4 yrs Ive noticed his skin color does have a little yellow tint and his face is dark and puffy he had a bowl movement this morning and said it has a grayish color to it also hes complaing his feet hurt ,his back and his right side please help what should I do
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Ok, so I had this sore red bump on my scrotum, I had plans to go to the DR. tomorrow about it. However it suddenly just burst with quite a large amount of puss. I cleaned it out fairly well with soap and warm water, bandaged it up. But what do i do now
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hi,i have small spot inside my cheek that have to turn purplish colour and i have a rash on my back side of that spots. And i have some white and some red colour spots inside my mouth and cheek side. some times it is paining and some times not. mostly when i am eating spicy items i have pain in that area. could u plz suggest what is the problem and what is the solution for that?
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Hi, my name is meghana,. iam 33yrs old. my problem is that i got my last lmp on 10th may 2010. but till now i did not get my periods. i am in doubt of pregnant. i have already undergone two abortions previously. one is in the second month and the other one in the 5th week of pregnancy. if i will be a pregnent then i dont want to continue it. is there any oral pill which can abort one month pregnancy. and i am using dernis 250 pills as contraceptive pills. please suggest me some pills so that i can be aborted
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Hi I have 4 month old breastfed son who only has a BM once a week. When he does finally have one it really smelly and and dark green in color. My pediatrican say it is normal for him. Does that sound right to you? It really bothers me but maybe that is just how his system works. Should I give him a laxative?
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i met with an accident one month back. yet i have body aches . i get tired very soon. i feel fever internally but the thermometer does not show. what could be the reason?
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I am having numbness and pain in my toes on each foot. Toes # 2 & 3. I have several medical conditions you should know. Fallopian tube cancer in remission, chronic headaches from a compressed trigeminal nerve in the root of my brain (I receive nerve block shots for them), CKD stage 2, Barrett’s esophagus, and hypothyroidism. I also deal with severe fatigue, memory issues and shortness of breath. My question is should I be concerned about this pain and numbness in my toes or is this just a side effect of nerve block shots, especially since I receive about 25 shots up my neck, head and face.
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BACKGROUND: The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in regions endemic for both Dengue and Chikungunya is still not fully understood. Considering that symptoms/clinical features displayed during Dengue, Chikungunya and SARS-CoV-2 acute infections are similar, undiagnosed cases of SARS-CoV-2 in co-endemic areas may be more prevalent than expected. This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of covert cases of SARS-CoV-2 among samples from patients with clinical symptoms compatible with either Dengue or Chikungunya viral infection in the state of Espírito Santo, Brazil. METHODS: Presence of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody specific to SARS-CoV-2 nucleoprotein was detected using a chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay in samples from 7,370 patients, without previous history of COVID-19 diagnosis, suspected of having either Dengue (n = 1,700) or Chikungunya (n = 7,349) from December 1st, 2019 to June 30th, 2020. FINDINGS: Covert cases of SARS-CoV-2 were detected in 210 (2.85%) out of the 7,370 serum samples tested. The earliest undiagnosed missed case of COVID-19 dated back to a sample collected on December 18, 2019, also positive for Dengue Virus. Cross-reactivity with either Dengue virus or other common coronaviruses were not observed. INTERPRETATION: Our findings demonstrate that concomitant Dengue or Chikungunya outbreaks may difficult the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infections. To our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate, with a robust sample size (n = 7,370) and using highly specific and sensitive chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay method, that covert SARS-CoV-2 infections are more frequent than previously expected in Dengue and Chikungunya hyperendemic regions. Moreover, our results suggest that SAR-CoV-2 cases were occurring prior to February, 2020, and that these undiagnosed missed cases may have contributed to the fast expansion of SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in Brazil. Data presented here demonstrate that in arboviral endemic regions, SARS-CoV-2 infection must be always considered, regardless of the existence of a previous positive diagnosis for Dengue or Chikungunya.
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Hello Sir, My father in law is suffering from Jaundicc from past 15 days...we have taken treatment from hospitals in ..looks like it got cured..but from today onwards he is having vomiting..could you suggest what can be done and what is this symptom for.. Thanks a lot for your help
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Hello Sir, I am masturbating since i was 7 and now due to excessive masturbation i lost sensation on the tip and nearby are of my penis. Now i firmly decided to leave masturbation. I want to know whether i will be able to control my ejacuation time and regain my sensation by leaving masturbation??
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hello Doc!!! I and my husband are trying to have a baby soon but when we had a check-up with a Doctor we discovered that I am inflicted with a POLYCYSTIC OVARIAN SYNDROME (PCOS) and my husband was diagnosed to have deficient sperm counts with having only 8.7 million of motile sperms. Any advice please. Thanks!!!
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When is motilin secreted from the small intestine?
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What are the laboratory findings for patients with allergies who have conjunctivitis?
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