olmer/wiki_bge_small_en_embeddings · Datasets at Hugging Face

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27328806_0_0	27328806	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6th%20Writers%20Guild%20of%20America%20Awards	6th Writers Guild of America Awards	6th Writers Guild of America Awards. The 6th Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers of 1953. Winners were announced in 1954.
27328823_0_0	27328823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29	Pattern search (optimization)	Pattern search (optimization). Pattern search (also known as direct search, derivative-free search, or black-box search) is a family of numerical optimization methods that does not require a gradient. As a result, it can be used on functions that are not continuous or differentiable. One such pattern search method is "convergence" (see below), which is based on the theory of positive bases. Optimization attempts to find the best match (the solution that has the lowest error value) in a multidimensional analysis space of possibilities.
27328823_0_1	27328823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29	Pattern search (optimization)	Pattern search (optimization). History The name "pattern search" was coined by Hooke and Jeeves. An early and simple variant is attributed to Fermi and Metropolis when they worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. It is described by Davidon, as follows:
27328823_0_2	27328823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29	Pattern search (optimization)	Pattern search (optimization). Convergence Convergence is a pattern search method proposed by Yu, who proved that it converges using the theory of positive bases. Later, Torczon, Lagarias and co-authors used positive-basis techniques to prove the convergence of another pattern-search method on specific classes of functions. Outside of such classes, pattern search is a heuristic that can provide useful approximate solutions for some issues, but can fail on others. Outside of such classes, pattern search is not an iterative method that converges to a solution; indeed, pattern-search methods can converge to non-stationary points on some relatively tame problems.
27328823_0_3	27328823	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29	Pattern search (optimization)	Pattern search (optimization). See also Golden-section search conceptually resembles PS in its narrowing of the search range, only for single-dimensional search spaces. Nelder–Mead method aka. the simplex method conceptually resembles PS in its narrowing of the search range for multi-dimensional search spaces but does so by maintaining n + 1 points for n-dimensional search spaces, whereas PS methods computes 2n + 1 points (the central point and 2 points in each dimension). Luus–Jaakola samples from a uniform distribution surrounding the current position and uses a simple formula for exponentially decreasing the sampling range. Random search is a related family of optimization methods that sample from a hypersphere surrounding the current position. Random optimization is a related family of optimization methods that sample from a normal distribution surrounding the current position.
27328826_0_0	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. The 1909 Grand Isle hurricane was a large and deadly Category 3 hurricane that caused severe damage and killed more than 400 people throughout Cuba and the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Forming out of a tropical disturbance just south of Hispaniola on September 13, 1909, the initial depression slowly intensified as it moved west-northwest towards Jamaica. Two days later, the system attained tropical storm intensity and turned northwestward towards Cuba. On September 16, it attained the equivalent of a modern-day Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale and further strengthened to attain winds of before making landfall in Pinar del Río Province, Cuba on September 18. After a briefly weakening over land, the system regained strength over the Gulf of Mexico, with peak winds reaching the following day. After only slightly weakening, the hurricane increased in forward motion and made landfall near Grand Isle, Louisiana on September 21. The system quickly lost strength after moving over land, dissipating the following day over Missouri.
27328826_0_1	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. In the Caribbean, little impact was known to have been caused by the storm outside of Cuba where rough seas killed 29 people. In the United States, the hurricane wrought catastrophic damage across Louisiana and Mississippi. Throughout these states, 371 people are known to have been killed, making it the sixth deadliest hurricane in United States history at the time; however, it has since been surpassed by five other cyclones. Along the Louisiana coastline, a powerful storm surge penetrated inland, destroying the homes of 5,000 people. Thousands of other homes throughout the affected region lost their roofs and telegraph communication was crippled. In terms of monetary losses, the storm wrought $11 million (1909 USD; $265 million 2010 USD) in damage throughout its path.
27328826_1_0	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history The origins of the Grand Isle hurricane were in a tropical disturbance over the western Atlantic Ocean in early September 1909. Enhanced by a strong area of high pressure over the Azores and British Isles, the system was able to gradually intensify as it neared the Lesser Antilles. On September 10, barometric pressures across several of the islands in the eastern Caribbean fell, indicating that a disturbance was moving through the region. According to the Atlantic hurricane database, maintained by the National Hurricane Center, the system developed into a tropical depression south of Hispaniola in the Caribbean on September 13. However, meteorologist José Fernández Partagás stated that there was no evidence of a closed circulation, a key component of tropical cyclones, until September 14. Tracking west-northwestward, the depression brushed the coast of Haiti before attaining tropical storm intensity off the northwestern coast of Jamaica on September 15.
27328826_1_1	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history After reaching this strength, the storm slowed and gradually took a more northwesterly course, heading towards Pinar del Río Province in western Cuba. On September 16, the system attained winds of , what would now be considered a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. Moving at a slow pace of , the system gradually intensified. Late on September 18, the center of the storm was estimated to have made landfall in Pinar del Río Province with winds of ; an atmospheric pressure of 976 mbar (hPa; ) was recorded during its passage. The storm's eye passed over the town of Manta for four hours, between 3:00 pm and 7:00 pm on September 17.
27328826_1_2	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Slight weakening took place after moving over western Cuba; however, once over the Gulf of Mexico, the storm steadily regained its strength. By September 19, the system re-attained the equivalent intensity of a Category 2 hurricane and the forward motion increased. Early that morning, the storm further intensified to attain its peak winds of , equivalent to a mid-range Category 3 cyclone. By the afternoon of September 19, reports from the Louisiana and Mississippi coastline indicated that the outer bands of the hurricane were producing scattered rainfall.
27328826_1_3	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Early on September 21, it was estimated that the center of the hurricane made landfall near Grand Isle, Louisiana with winds of . A pressure of 952 mbar (hPa; ) was recorded around this time, the lowest in relation to the storm. Operational analysis of the storm indicated that it attained the equivalent intensity of a Category 4 hurricane as it made landfall. The storm's lowest pressure was also operationally listed as 931 mbar (hPa; ). This pressure was based on operational estimates in relation to the system's storm surge and was not directly measured. However, later research of the storm determined that its winds had not exceeded . At this time, the hurricane's radius of maximum wind was roughly and the overall size of the storm was estimated to be wide. Once overland, the system quickly weakened, losing hurricane status within 12 hours and later to a tropical depression over southern Missouri. The remnants of the system were last noted on September 22 as it merged with a trough over the Midwestern United States.
27328826_1_4	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Impact In western Cuba, the hurricane brought strong winds and heavy rains to several areas. A maximum of of rain fell in a 24‑hour span, while the strongest recorded winds reached . Numerous buildings in western Cuba sustained extensive damage and a large portion of the orange crop was lost. Ships were pushed onshore by the hurricane's large swells. Throughout Pinar del Río Province, damage was estimated at $1 million (1909 USD). Amidst rough seas produced by the hurricane, the steamship Nicholas Castina sank off the coast of Cuba, near the Isle of Pines. At least 29 people drowned in the wreck. Of the fatalities, 27 were crew members and two were passengers.
27328826_1_5	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. United States Prior to the hurricane's arrival in the United States, the National Weather Bureau issued several hurricane warnings. As the storm passed over western Cuba, warnings were declared for much of the Gulf Coast of Florida and all ships in the Gulf or planning to set sail were advised return and remain at port. Warnings were then issued for the northern Gulf Coast, allowing residents time to evacuate before the storm struck.
27328826_1_6	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history In the United States, the storm wrought extensive damage along the Gulf Coast. At least 371 people were killed by the storm; however, this is considered a conservative estimate and the true death toll may never be known. Of the known fatalities, 353 took place in Louisiana and 18 in Mississippi. This makes the 1909 Grand Isle hurricane the eleventh deadliest hurricane in United States history. However, at the time of its occurrence, it was the sixth deadliest storm in the country. Damage throughout Louisiana and Mississippi was estimated to be at least $10 million (1909 USD).
27328826_1_7	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Louisiana In New Orleans, the storm caused substantial damage, with many homes destroyed and ships wrecked. Communication with the city was completely lost after most of the telegraph wires were downed. Around 3:00 pm on September 21, advisories from the New Orleans Weather Bureau ceased, leading to concerns over the state of the city. Prior to the communication loss, the Weather Bureau reported that waves along the Mississippi River banks were surpassing and water rise in New Orleans itself could reach unprecedented levels. Several lakes overflowed their banks as water from the Mississippi River back-flowed into them, flooding nearby lowlands. The resulting floods, which inundated areas with upwards of of water, were similar in scale to the flooding caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, nearly 100 years later. However, due to the lack of residential buildings in the area at the time, the flooding caused far less destruction than that of Katrina. A report falsely claimed that the city's French Quarter was "swept away". A total of 306 coal barges sank off the coast of New Orleans and Lobdell (West Baton Rouge Parish), incurring over $1 million in losses. Nearly every sugar cane plantation between New Orleans and Baton Rouge sustained damage, resulting in at least $1 million in losses.
27328826_1_8	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Strong winds from the hurricane lifted homes off their foundations and in some cases, the homes were blown away from where they originally stood. Many towns in Louisiana were isolated immediately after the storm as telegraph communication was lost. Along a stretch of coastline near where the storm made landfall, a storm surge destroyed the homes of 5,000 people and traveled inland. At least 300 of the fatalities took place in southeastern Louisiana, the hardest hit region. Many people who were boating on the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico were caught in the storm's winds and officials presumed that all who were caught in this perished. Near the Texas border, it was estimated that two-thirds of the unharvested rice crop was ruined by the hurricane. In Baton Rouge alone, damage from the hurricane was estimated at $2.9 million (1909 USD). Throughout Louisiana, a total of 353 people were killed by the hurricane according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. A maximum of of rain fell in the state during the passage of the hurricane.
27328826_2_0	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Elsewhere At least 18 fatalities also took place in Mississippi where many towns and cities were flooded. The cities of Natchez and Greenville were mostly destroyed by the hurricane. In Natchez, winds up to blew roofs off homes and shut down the local power station, leaving the city in darkness. Telegraph wires were also downed, cutting communication with the surrounding area. The Biloxi Bay Bridge was swamped by large waves and it was thought that it would be destroyed by the storm at one point. Although the bridge held through the storm, one person died after being washed away while crossing it. Initial estimates stated that damage in Biloxi was between $40,000 and $50,000 (1909 USD). Along a stretch of beach in Mississippi, all of the homes and of the electric car line were destroyed by the hurricane's storm surge. Further north in Jackson, communication in the city was lost and the dome of the newly constructed capital building was destroyed by high winds. Two people were killed in the city after being crushed by falling walls. A maximum of of rain fell in Mississippi during the passage of the hurricane.
27328826_2_1	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Elsewhere In areas in and around Pensacola, Florida, winds caused some damage. At the local pier, a ship, named Romanoff, toppled over onto a wharf due to large waves produced by the hurricane. Two barges carrying lumber sank near the western beach of Pensacola and several others lost their cargo. Many small ships were destroyed by large swells and according to The New York Times, some of these were "...swamped and pounded into pieces". Further inland, the remnants of the hurricane brought light to moderate rainfall to portions of the central United States. A maximum of of rain fell in Arkansas; in Missouri; in Tennessee; and in Kentucky. A section of the Louisville and Nashville railroad and an section of the Illinois central railroad were washed out by floods caused by the storm's remnants.
27328826_3_0	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Aftermath Although the storm killed more than 370 people in the United States, the National Weather Bureau was credited for "invaluable warnings" prior to the hurricane's arrival, saving many lives. Following the hurricane's landfall on September 21, rescue and relief efforts began taking place on September 22 near Houma, Louisiana. By September 25, thousands of dollars worth of supplies had been sent to survivors of the storm. However, more than four days after the passage of the storm, many other areas devastated by the hurricane had yet to receive aid from either the government or United States Army. Congressman Robert F. Broussard sent a telegraph to the war department requesting aid; however, he had not received a response by September 27. Initially, news reports focused on the large loss of life from the storm but, once the lack of aid was noticed, their attention shifted to the hundreds of survivors who were left homeless and in dire need of basic necessities. Within days of the storm's passage, there were fears that the storm ruined the cotton crop in southern Louisiana and would cause a spike in prices. However, in a report released on October 4, 1909, it was stated that the losses were much less than previously thought and as a result, there would be no change in the cotton price. According to a report in 2009, the rice and cotton crops sustained 35% and 20% losses respectively in the wake of the hurricane.
27328826_3_1	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Aftermath In 2002, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration added the storm surge from the hurricane to the Global Tsunami Database based on newspaper reports referring to the event as a tidal wave. However, four years later, a more detailed study of possible tsunamis in the past resulted in this event being "flagged" as suspect. After further review of the news articles indicating that the wave came after the hurricane, it was determined that there was a misinterpretation of the publishing date since the article was archived by telegraph on September 22, 1909, the day after the hurricane made landfall. In light of this research, the possibility of the wave being a tsunami was denied; however, it remains in the database as a "debunked" event.
27328826_4_0	27328826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane	1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes Grand Isle Hurricanes in Louisiana Hurricanes in Alabama Hurricanes in Mississippi Grand Isle Hurricane, 1909 Hurricanes in Cuba 1909 natural disasters in the United States
27328830_0_0	27328830	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/7th%20Writers%20Guild%20of%20America%20Awards	7th Writers Guild of America Awards	7th Writers Guild of America Awards. The 7th Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers of 1954. Winners were announced in 1955.
27328854_0_0	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. The 327th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit. It was last assigned to the 4170th Strategic Wing, stationed at Larson Air Force Base, Washington. It was inactivated on 1 February 1963.
27328854_1_0	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. World War II Activated as a Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress heavy bomber squadron in early 1942; trained by Third Air Force in the southeastern United States. As part of its training program, the Squadron flew anti-submarine operational missions. Deployed to the European Theater of Operations, being assigned to VIII Bomber Command in England, one of the first squadrons being assigned to the command.
27328854_1_1	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Initially stationed at RAF Bovingdon, squadron exchanged its B-17Fs with the 97th Bombardment Group's B-17E aircraft. The 97th would move to North Africa and become part of Twelfth Air Force as an element of the Operation Torch landings. At Bovingdon, The squadron was directed to set up and operate the 1st and 11th Combat Crew Replacement Center Groups. The Squadron flew four combat missions beginning on 6 September 1942.
27328854_1_2	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Moved to RAF Alconbury in January 1943 to re-equip, fly support missions to North Africa and train for combat. The 327th became the only squadron to be equipped with the experimental Boeing YB-40 Fortress gunship from May through August 1943. The YB-40 was the bomber escort variant of the Flying Fortress, where the Y stood for "service test". It was developed to test the escort bomber concept for B-17 daylight bomber forces which were suffering appalling losses in their raids against German targets on the European continent.
27328854_1_3	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Because there were no fighters capable of escorting bomber formations on deep strike missions early in World War II, the USAAF tested heavily armed bombers to act as escorts and protect the bomb-carrying aircraft from enemy fighters. Twelve of the 22 B-17F bombers modified to the YB-40 configuration were dispatched to Alconbury for testing and evaluation. The first operational YB-40 sortie took place on 29 May 1943 against submarine pens at Saint-Nazaire, France.
27328854_1_4	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Very early on, it was found that the net effect of the additional drag of the turrets and the extra weight of the guns, armor, and additional ammunition was to reduce the speed of the YB-40 to a point where it could not maintain formation with the standard B-17s on the way home from the target once they had released their bombs. The YB-40 could protect itself fairly well, but not the bombers it was supposed to defend. Consequently, it was recognized that the YB-40 project was an operational failure, and the surviving YB-40s were converted back to standard B-17F configuration or used as gunnery trainers back in the States. Squadron ended YB-40 operations on 29 July 1943. Was non-operational until 15 September 1943.
27328854_1_5	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Re-equipped with operational B-17Gs and moved to RAF Podington on 15 September 1943. Began long-range strategic bombardment missions, primarily over Germany and resulted immediately in heavy losses. One of these missions was flown on Thursday, 14 October 1943, against the ball bearing plants at Schweinfurt. For what was to become a famous mission called "Black Thursday".
27328854_1_6	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Some of the notable successes of the squadron included missions against German troop concentrations in Normandy after D-Day. On 24 July 1944, the Squadron participated in a raid that virtually destroyed the elite Panzer Lehr Division outside Saint Lo. Artillery positions were wiped out, tanks overturned and buried, infantry positions flattened and all roads and tracks destroyed.
27328854_1_7	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Another notable success was a raid against the virtually indestructible German submarine pens at IJmuiden. Using experimental rocket-propelled bombs, the squadron destroyed these pens in a single raid after hundreds of conventional bombs dropped in earlier raids had failed.
27328854_1_8	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History The squadron flew its last mission of the Second World War on 25 April 1945. By the end of the war against Germany, the group had flown over 300 combat missions, 154 aircraft missing in action and more than 150 returned with battle damage that it would not fly again.
27328854_1_9	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Reassigned to Air Transport Command in June 1945 as part of the Operation Green Project and Blue Projects. Used B-17s as transports, flying demobilized personnel to ATC sites in Morocco and Azores from France. Aircraft turrets were removed and re-skinned, the bomb racks removed, flooring and seating installed to accommodate 30 passengers. The flight crew was reduced to pilot, co-pilot, navigator, flight engineer and radio operator. In addition the engineer and radio operator would act as stewards, to assist and calm the many first time flyers. Inactivated in February 1946.
27328854_1_10	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Strategic Air Command Reactivated as a Strategic Air Command (SAC) Boeing B-29 Superfortress squadron in July 1946. Performed strategic bombardment training and operations directed by SAC. In March 1948 deployed to England and Germany to support the Berlin Airlift.
27328854_1_11	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Deployed to Far East Air Forces (FEAF) and flying combat missions over North Korea. Under control of the Far East Air Forces Bomber Command (Provisional) until 20 October, the squadron bombed factories, refineries, iron works, hydroelectric plants, airfields, bridges, tunnels, troop concentrations, barracks, marshalling yards, road junctions, rail lines, supply dumps, docks, vehicles and other strategic and interdiction targets.
27328854_1_12	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Released from combat on 20 October 1950. Many of the still operational B-29s remained with FEAF to serve on with the 19th and 307th Bombardment Groups at Kadena Air Base, Okinawa; and the 98th Bombardment Group at Yokota Air Base, Japan. Returned without most personnel and equipment to Spokane Air Force Base, Washington in late October and November 1950.
27328854_1_13	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History Re-equipped with the Convair B-36 Peacemaker intercontinental strategic bomber in 1951. Engaged in training operations on a worldwide scale. Deployed in August 1953 to the Far East was to survey suitable bases for B-36 use and to reinforce the Korean armistice of July 1953. 20 B-36D aircraft landed at Kadena AB, for 'Operation Big Stick'. B-36 aircraft visited Yokota Air Base and Anderson Air Force Base, Guam. The squadron returned to Fairchild after a short stay. Redeployed to Guam 14 October 1954 for 90 days, which established a succession of deployed B-36 squadrons to maintain a heavy bomber presence in the western Pacific. Returned for its second 90-day deployment in April 1956.
27328854_1_14	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History During the 1956 deployment to Guam, four 327th B-36J aircraft were deployed to Hickam Air Force Base Hawaii. They would support Operation Redwing, the 1956 Eniwetok nuclear tests. B-36 operations were not without casualties. On 15 April 1952, a borrowed 327th B-36 with a 326th crew crashed on takeoff, killing 15 crewmen, 2 survived, severely burned. The "Magnesium Overcast" would burn very hot. In May 1955, the 327th was awarded the Air Force Outstanding Unit Award for Operation Big Stick.
27328854_1_15	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History In October 1956, the Squadron was scheduled to convert to the Boeing B-52D Stratofortress retaining its designation. Events in the fall of 1956 would delay the conversion to B-52. The Suez Crisis and Eastern Europe conflicts required the wing and squadrons to remain operational, and were on "cocked ground alert" into the second week of December. The 327th was not operational from 5 February 1957 to 1 June 1957. 327th B-52 operations continued through February 1963, with training missions to improve and maintain proficiency, served on Ground Alert, and participated in a seven-month test of Airborne Alert missions during 3 March, to 6 October 1959. The airborne alert test would earn the second AFOUA.
27328854_1_16	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History In July 1960, the 327th began the movement of the squadron’s personnel, aircraft and equipment to Larson Air Force Base, Washington. This was the completion of the dispersal program to reduce vulnerability of large (three squadron 45 B-52) unit at one base. The 326th Bombardment Squadron would move to Glasgow Air Force Base Montana in February 1961. On setup at Larson, the squadron resumed alert duties and training under the command of the 4170th Strategic Wing.
27328854_1_17	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. History In an effort to honor heritage units of the past, on 1 February 1963, the 4170th and 327th when SAC inactivated its strategic wings, replacing them with permanent Air Force Wings. Squadron was inactivated with aircraft/personnel/equipment transferred to the 768th Bombardment Squadron, which was simultaneously activated.
27328854_1_18	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Lineage Constituted as the 327th Bombardment Squadron (Heavy) on 28 January 1942 Activated on 1 March 1942 Redesignated 327th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy on 29 September 1944 Inactivated on 28 February 1946 Redesignated 327th Bombardment Squadron, Very Heavy on 15 July 1946 Activated on 4 August 1946 Redesignated 327th Bombardment Squadron, Medium on 28 May 1948 Redesignated 327th Bombardment Squadron, Heavy' on 16 June 1951 Discontinued and inactivated on 1 February 1963
27328854_1_19	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Assignments 92d Bombardment Group, 1 March 1942 – 28 February 1946 92d Bombardment Group, 4 August 1946 (attached to 92d Bombardment Wing after 16 February 1951) 92d Bombardment Wing, 16 June 1952 4170th Strategic Wing, 1 June 1960 – 1 February 1963
27328854_2_0	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Stations Barksdale Field, Louisiana, 1 March 1942 MacDill Field, Florida, 26 March 1942 Sarasota Army Airfield, Florida, 18 May – 18 July 1942 RAF Bovingdon (AAF-112), England, 18 August 1942 RAF Alconbury (AAF-102), England, 6 January 1943 RAF Podington (AAF-109), England, 15 September 1943 Istres Air Base (AAF 196), (Y-17), France, 9 September 1945 – 28 February 1946
27328854_2_1	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Stations Fort Worth Army Airfield, Texas, 4 August 1946 Smoky Hill Army Airfield, Kansas, 25 October 1946 Spokane Army Air Field (later Spokane Air Force Base; Fairchild Air Force Base), Washington, 20 June 1947 (deployed to Yokota Air Base, Japan, 9 July – 27 October 1950) Larson Air Force Base, Washington, 1 June 1960 – 1 February 1963
27328854_2_2	27328854	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/327th%20Bombardment%20Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron	327th Bombardment Squadron. Aircraft Boeing B-17 Flying Fortress, 1942–1946 Boeing B-29 Superfortress, 1946, 1947–1951 Convair B-36 Peacemaker, 1951–1957 Boeing B-52 Stratofortress, 1957–1963
27328884_0_0	27328884	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy%20Families%20%28books%29	Happy Families (books)	Happy Families (books). Happy Families is a series of children's books written by Allan Ahlberg, . Ahlberg worked with a number of illustrators and the books were published by Puffin Books. The series form a transition for children between picture books and chapter books. It is a popular series, having sold in excess of 2.6 million copies since its launch in 1980.
27328884_0_1	27328884	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy%20Families%20%28books%29	Happy Families (books)	Happy Families (books). Media A children's TV series based on the books, also called Happy Families, was produced by the BBC in the late 1980s.
27328884_0_2	27328884	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy%20Families%20%28books%29	Happy Families (books)	Happy Families (books). Titles Master Money the Millionaire, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Master Bun the Bakers' Boy, illustrated by Fritz Wegner Mrs Lather's Laundry, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Mr Creep the Crook, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Miss Jump the Jockey, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Master Track's Train, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Master Salt the Sailors' Son, illustrated by Andre Amstutz Mr and Mrs Hay the Horse, illustrated by Colin McNaughton Miss Brick the Builders' Baby, illustrated by Colin McNaughton Mrs Jolly's Joke Shop, illustrated by Colin Mcnaughton Mr Buzz the Beeman, illustrated by Faith Jaques Miss Dose the Doctors' Daughter*, illustrated by Faith Jaques Mr Tick the Teacher, illustrated by Faith Jaques Mrs Wobble the Waitress, illustrated by Janet Ahlberg Mr Biff the Boxer, illustrated by Janet Ahlberg Mr Cosmo the Conjuror, illustrated by Joe Wright Mrs Plug the Plumber, illustrated by Joe Wright Miss Dirt the Dustman's Daughter, illustrated by Tony Ross Mrs Vole the Vet, illustrated by Emma Chichester Clark Ms Cliff the Climber, illustrated by Fritz Wegner
27328884_1_0	27328884	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Happy%20Families%20%28books%29	Happy Families (books)	Happy Families (books). Books by Janet and Allan Ahlberg Series of books Lists of children's books 20th-century books Book series introduced in 1980 Puffin Books books
27328927_0_0	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra (full German name: Südwestdeutsches Kammerorchester Pforzheim; full English name: South-west German Chamber Orchestra Pforzheim) is an internationally known German chamber orchestra based in Pforzheim.
27328927_0_1	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. History The orchestra was founded in 1950 by Friedrich Tilegant, a student of Paul Hindemith. It was directed by Paul Angerer from 1971 to 1981, by Vladislav Czarnecki since 1986, and by Sebastian Tewinkel from 2002 to 2012. Since 2013, Timo Handschuh has served as the orchestra's chief conductor and artistic director.
27328927_0_2	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. In 1970 the orchestra conducted a composition competition for its twentieth anniversary; the first prize was awarded to Ulrich Stranz.
27328927_0_3	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. Repertoire and recordings The orchestra has recorded numerous works of Johann Sebastian Bach with the Heinrich-Schütz-Chor Heilbronn and conductor Fritz Werner, including several cantatas, the Mass in B minor (in 1957), the St Matthew Passion (1958), the St John Passion (1960), the Christmas Oratorio (1963), and the Easter Oratorio (1964).
27328927_0_4	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. It has been instrumental in premieres of works by Boris Blacher, Jean Françaix, Harald Genzmer, and Enjott Schneider.
27328927_0_5	27328927	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pforzheim%20Chamber%20Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra	Pforzheim Chamber Orchestra. The orchestra has also recorded the twelve cello concertos of Luigi Boccherini with cellist Julius Berger, a professor at the University of Mainz. A review stated: "Berger is ably assisted in this concerto with sensitive and polished accompaniments from the Southwest German Chamber Orchestra using modern instruments under Maestro Vladislav Czarnecki."
27328948_0_0	27328948	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nancy%20Brown	Nancy Brown	Nancy Brown. Nancy Brown may refer to: Nancy Elizabeth Brown (born 1952), US Navy admiral Nancy Marie Brown (born 1960), American author "Nancy Brown (song)", a popular song performed by Marie Cahill in the 1902 musical The Wild Rose
27328949_0_0	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Literature Solidarity (newspaper), a newspaper published by the Alliance for Workers Liberty in the United Kingdom Solidarity (U.S. newspaper), a newspaper published by the Industrial Workers of the World Solidarity, a monthly magazine published by the United Auto Workers
27328949_0_1	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Music Solidarity (Richard Clapton album) (1984) Solidarity (Joel Plaskett album), a 2017 album by Joel Plaskett and Bill Plaskett Solidarity, a 2012 album by The Souljazz Orchestra "Solidarity Song", a 1931 song by Bertolt Brecht and Hanns Eisler "Solidarity", a song by Angelic Upstarts "Solidarity", a song from Billy Elliot the Musical, written by Elton John and Lee Hall "Solidarity", a song by Black Uhuru "Solidarity", a song by Disrupt "Solidarity", a song by Enter Shikari "Solidarity", a song by Five Iron Frenzy from All the Hype That Money Can Buy "Solidarity," a song by Rancid
27328949_1_0	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Political parties Solidarity (Iceland), a political party in Iceland Solidarity (Ireland), a socialist party, formerly the Anti-Austerity Alliance Solidarity (Scotland), a breakaway from the Scottish Socialist Party in September 2006 Solidarity (Switzerland), a political party in Switzerland Solidarity (Ukraine) or Bloc of Petro Poroshenko, a political party in Ukraine Solidarity Party (Illinois), an American political party founded by Adlai Stevenson III in Illinois
27328949_1_1	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Other political organisations Solidarity (Australia), an Australian Trotskyist organisation Solidarity (UK), a libertarian socialist organisation in the United Kingdom 1960-1992 Solidarity (U.S.), a United States political organization formed by the fusion of the International Socialists, Socialist Unity, and Workers' Power
27328949_1_2	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Trade unions Solidarity (Polish trade union) Solidarity (South African trade union) Solidarity (British trade union)
27328949_1_3	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). Other uses Solidarity (Catholic theology), a Catholic Social Teaching and Christian virtue
27328949_1_4	27328949	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solidarity%20%28disambiguation%29	Solidarity (disambiguation)	Solidarity (disambiguation). See also American Solidarity Party, a Christian democratic political party in the United States Atassut, a political party in Greenland Cornish Solidarity, a cross-party organisation fighting for 'Cornish Rights' Indonesian Solidarity Party, a progressive and feminist political party in Indonesia La Solidaridad, a 19th-century Filipino propagandist group Solidaridad, Quintana Roo, Mexican municipality Solidariedade, a political party in Brazil Solidarism (disambiguation) Solidarity Crisis, a protest movement in Vancouver, British Columbia in 1983 "Solidarity Forever", an anthem of the leftist and trade-union movements Solidarity - Kosovo is Serbia, a Serbian media campaign Solidarity Movement with Chile, a political movement in Chile, 1972–1990 Solidarity Youth Movement, a youth movement based in Kerala, India Solidarnost, a modern Russian opposition movement
27328958_0_0	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Frank Sharry is the founder and executive director of America's Voice, a liberal immigration reform group.
27328958_1_0	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Early life He was raised in West Hartford, Connecticut by an Italian-American mother and an Irish-American father. He graduated from Princeton University in 1978, majoring in History and American Studies. He was captain of the soccer team his junior and senior year, served as a Resident Advisor his senior year and was active in student protest efforts regarding the role of private and selective eating clubs in college life and university investments in firms operating in a South Africa ruled by apartheid.
27328958_1_1	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Early life After graduation he taught secondary school for a year at the United World College of Southeast Asia in Singapore. He left to work for the American Council for Nationalities Service (ACNS) in Singapore and Indonesia to assist with the resettlement of boat refugees fleeing war-torn Vietnam in search of temporary safe haven in Indonesia.
27328958_1_2	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Early life He returned to the United States in 1980 and worked for ACNS in Fort Chaffee, Arkansas, helping to resettle Cuban refugees who arrived from the Cuban Port of Mariel. He then moved to the ACNS main office in New York to direct a special nationwide resettlement program for Cuban Refugees, and then was promoted to oversee the nationwide resettlement program in 27 cities for refugees from Southeast Asia, Africa and elsewhere.
27328958_2_0	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Political advocacy In 1986 Sharry left ACNS and moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts where he became the executive director of Centro Presente, a local organization that worked with Central Americans who had fled civil war and human rights violations in their countries of origin to seek safe haven in the greater Boston area. While there he helped to found the Massachusetts Immigrant and Refugee Advocacy (MIRA) Coalition, a statewide immigrant advocacy organization.
27328958_2_1	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Political advocacy In 1990 he was hired to become the executive director of the National Immigration Forum, one of the nation's premier immigration policy organizations based in Washington, D.C. It has been directly involved in every major legislative policy debate related to immigration since its founding in 1982. At the Forum he emerged as one of the leading pro-immigrant spokespeople, appearing frequently on television and radio, being quoted regularly in print publications, and addressing audiences throughout the country.
27328958_2_2	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Political advocacy During his tenure at the Forum, he helped win relief for Central American and Haitian refugees, protected family reunification, and promoted a comprehensive overhaul of the nation's immigration system that would simultaneously reduce illegal immigration through smart enforcement, provide a path to legal status and citizenship to undocumented immigrants in the U.S., and reform the legal immigration system.
27328958_3_0	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. America's Voice In 2008 he left the Forum to become the founder and executive director of America's Voice, an organization that serves as the communications arm of the immigration reform movement. Since its inception America's Voice has advocated for liberal immigration reform, including amnesty.
27328958_3_1	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. America's Voice Sharry has also been featured in the documentary film series How Democracy Works Now by filmmakers Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini. The series features 12 films about the immigration debate in America from 2000 through 2007. The last film in the series was aired on HBO in March 2010 under the title "Senators' Bargain." It shows Sharry working with both Senator Edward Kennedy and the Bush White House for an immigration compromise that would have legalized most of the nation's 12 million undocumented immigrants, a compromise that was defeated on the floor of the U.S. Senate.
27328958_4_0	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Film Sharry is featured in the documentary film Last Best Chance , Story Twelve of the series How Democracy Work Now, from filmmakers Shari Robertson and Michael Camerini. A cut of the film premiered on HBO in March 2010, under the title The Senator's Bargain .
27328958_4_1	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. Film He also appeared in The Game Is On , Story One in the series How Democracy Works Now. Frank is shown in Iowa giving a training seminar for media. Other films he appears in through the series include: Story 2: Mountains and Clouds , where he and Cecilia Muñoz discuss being at a potential "watershed moment" for comprehensive immigration reform. Story 7: Ain't the AFL for Nothin' , where he is shown helping with media for the Freedom Rides in 2003, and working behind the scenes with Hill staff. Story 8: The Road to Miami , which includes a focus on Sharry's efforts to foster a comprehensive immigration reform bill with Sen. Ted Kennedy and Luis Gutiérrez as sponsors. Story 9: Protecting Arizona , shows his activity fighting against the Protect Arizona Now ballot initiative. Story 11: The Senate Speaks , features Sharry in behind the scenes of Capitol Hill intrigue.
27328958_4_2	27328958	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Sharry	Frank Sharry	Frank Sharry. See also Immigration How Democracy Works Now: Twelve Stories
27329038_0_0	27329038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Hammond%27s%20Invisible%20Worlds	Richard Hammond's Invisible Worlds	Richard Hammond's Invisible Worlds. Richard Hammond's Invisible Worlds is a BBC television documentary programme presented by Richard Hammond that features state-of-the-art camera technology used to focus on what humans cannot see with the naked eye.
27329038_1_0	27329038	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Hammond%27s%20Invisible%20Worlds	Richard Hammond's Invisible Worlds	Richard Hammond's Invisible Worlds. Home media The DVD and Blu-ray Discs of the series were released on 3 May 2010.
27329040_0_0	27329040	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20Karl%20Sch%C3%A4fer%20Memorial	2002 Karl Schäfer Memorial	2002 Karl Schäfer Memorial. The 2002 Karl Schäfer Memorial (also known as the Vienna Cup) took place from October 15 through 19, 2002. Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies' singles, and ice dancing.
27329040_1_0	27329040	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20Karl%20Sch%C3%A4fer%20Memorial	2002 Karl Schäfer Memorial	2002 Karl Schäfer Memorial. Karl Schäfer Memorial Karl Schafer Memorial Karl Schafer Memorial
27329041_0_0	27329041	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabbai%20of%20Rob	Rabbai of Rob	Rabbai of Rob. Rabbai of Rob (, read as Rav Rabbai me-Rov; or Hebrew: רב רבאי דמן רוב, read as Rav Rabbai deman-Rov) was a Jewish Savora sage of the third generation of the Savora era. He headed the Pumbedita Yeshiva after R. Simuna died in 540 AD (בשנת ד'ש'; Hebrew calendar). He was a fellow-townsmen of Rob city, nearby Nehardea. During his days, the teaching at Pumbedita was interrupted due to governmental predestinations against the Jewish community and their persecution, and thus the sages along with their pupils moved to Firuz Shapur, nearby Nehardea. Just like the rest of the Savora sages active during the Savora era, not much is known about him, since the Savora sages did not write independent works, and their annotations to the Talmud were added anonymously, without citing the name of the sage. The very few known of him or others, is based almost completely upon the Iggeret Rav Sherira Gaon.
27329045_0_0	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. A fume event occurs when bleed air used for cabin pressurization and air conditioning in a pressurized aircraft is contaminated by fluids such as engine oil, hydraulic fluid, anti-icing fluid, and other potentially hazardous chemicals.
27329045_0_1	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. How cabin pressurization works Because airliners fly at very high altitudes, the cabin must be pressurized to provide a safe quantity of breathable oxygen to passengers and crew. The cabin is pressurized with bleed air tapped from the jet engine's compressor sections, which are prior to the combustion sections. That air is very hot and must be cooled by heat exchangers before it is directed into the air conditioning units, which cool it even further.
27329045_0_2	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. The Boeing 787 pressurizes its air with electrical compressors rather than the engines so fume events would not occur.
27329045_0_3	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. Handling of fume events In the event of fumes or smoke in an aircraft, flight deck crew will wear pressurised oxygen masks in order to avoid breathing in irritating fumes. Goggles are also available if necessary. However, no protection is available for passengers, as cabin oxygen masks are not intended to protect against fumes, and will not drop unless a depressurisation occurs. Cabin crew may be able to use portable oxygen masks if they identify the fume event in time. If the fumes do not subside after an attempt is made to diagnose and fix the problem, the flight is diverted to a nearby airport. In a severe fume or smoke event, the aircraft might descend to an altitude of or lower where it can safely be depressurized.
27329045_0_4	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. An FAA-funded study found that fume events occur on 1 in 5,000 flights; some planes may have multiple consecutive events if the leak is not fixed. Sensors that can detect air quality issues are available and the airline Lufthansa has requested their installation, but Boeing declined to do so because of the fear of litigation from crew or passengers sickened by detectable fume events.
27329045_0_5	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. Health effects The human physiological effects of fume events are yet to be fully understood by the medical community. Signs and symptoms of exposure can be misdiagnosed as other common ailments, due particularly to the delay between exposure to fumes and the onset of associated symptoms. While most aeromedical professionals believe no long-term health effects exist from fume events, some consumer and aircrew advocacy groups claim that it can cause a medically-unrecognized condition called aerotoxic syndrome.
27329045_0_6	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. Turbine engine oil is an irritant and contains neurotoxic chemicals such as tricresyl phosphate. The aviation industry claims that engine oil does not contain sufficient quantities of such chemicals to cause long-term damage. However, there is some historical evidence that would seem to contradict this statement. In 1959, over 10,000 people in Morocco were paralyzed or otherwise affected after ingesting small quantities of tricresyl phosphate in their cooking oil.
27329045_0_7	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. Hydraulic fluid — although non-toxic in small quantities — is extremely irritating to the eyes and skin, which creates a hazard to pilots during a fume event but causes no lasting damage.
27329045_0_8	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. Deicing fluid has a strong smell but is not very irritating or toxic if inhaled (as opposed to the significant toxicity when ingested).
27329045_0_9	27329045	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fume%20event	Fume event	Fume event. It is not mandatory for fume events to be reported in the U.S. A Los Angeles Times analysis of NASA safety reports from January 2018 to December 2019 identified 362 voluntarily-reported fume events, in which almost 400 pilots, flight attendants and passengers received medical attention. On 73 or more of those flights, pilots used emergency oxygen. Four dozen pilots were impaired so far as to be unable to perform their duties. Boeing told the Times that they believe no credible data shows that oil leaks into the bleed air stream can cause serious injuries. By contrast, a judge who had awarded workers' compensation to a pilot who had suffered toxic encephalopathy (brain damage) from a fume event condemned the airline industry's obstructionism around fume events.
27329053_0_0	27329053	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg%20Salnikov	Oleg Salnikov	Oleg Salnikov. Oleg Nikolayevich Salnikov (; born 1 December 1975) is a Russian professional football coach and a former player. He is an assistant coach for the Under-19 squad of FC Rostov.
27329053_0_1	27329053	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oleg%20Salnikov	Oleg Salnikov	Oleg Salnikov. Club career He played 4 seasons in the Russian Football National League for FC Spartak-Orekhovo Orekhovo-Zuyevo, FC Baltika Kaliningrad and FC Rubin Kazan.
27329056_0_0	27329056	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Journal%20of%20the%20Entomological%20Research%20Society	Journal of the Entomological Research Society	Journal of the Entomological Research Society. The Journal of the Entomological Research Society is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Gazi Entomological Research Society. It focus on several aspects of entomology, particularly those related to taxonomy, phylogeny, biodiversity, ecology, aquaculture and morphology.
27329077_0_0	27329077	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Landsman	David Landsman	David Landsman. David Landsman (born 23 August 1963) is a British former diplomat and businessman, currently serving as the Director of Tata Limited; his last diplomatic position was Ambassador to Greece.
27329077_0_1	27329077	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Landsman	David Landsman	David Landsman. Career Landsman was educated at Chigwell School and Oriel College, Oxford, then gained a PhD in linguistics from Clare College, Cambridge in 1989 with a thesis entitled Theories of diglossia, linguistic variation and speaker attitudes, with special reference to recent developments in Modern Greek. He joined the Foreign & Commonwealth Office in 1990, and worked in the Southern European Department. In 1997 he became Deputy Head of Mission in Belgrade. After a tour of the Balkans and Hungary, Landsman was appointed as Ambassador to the Republic of Albania. Before taking up his role as Ambassador to Greece in 2009 he served as head of the Counter Proliferation Department and was briefly seconded to De La Rue plc. He was appointed as Director of Tata Limited, the representative office of the multinational Tata Group in the United Kingdom, in May 2013.
27329077_0_2	27329077	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Landsman	David Landsman	David Landsman. References LANDSMAN, David Maurice, Who's Who 2013, A & C Black, 2013; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012, accessed 15 January 2013 Ambassador's biography as at April 2012 – British Embassy Athens via archive.org, accessed 15 January 2013
27329077_0_3	27329077	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Landsman	David Landsman	David Landsman. 1963 births Living people People educated at Chigwell School Alumni of Oriel College, Oxford Alumni of Clare College, Cambridge Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Albania Ambassadors of the United Kingdom to Greece
27329088_0_0	27329088	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaconda%20%28disambiguation%29	Anaconda (disambiguation)	Anaconda (disambiguation). An anaconda is a large, non-venomous snake found in tropical South America.
27329088_1_0	27329088	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaconda%20%28disambiguation%29	Anaconda (disambiguation)	Anaconda (disambiguation). Art and entertainment Anaconda (film), a 1997 American horror movie Anaconda (franchise) Anaconda (character), a supervillain in the Marvel Comics universe Anaconda (poker), a variant of the card game poker Anaconda (TV series), a planned prequel series to The 100

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/6th%20Writers%20Guild%20of%20America%20Awards

6th Writers Guild of America Awards

6th Writers Guild of America Awards. The 6th Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers of 1953. Winners were announced in 1954.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29

Pattern search (optimization)

Pattern search (optimization). Pattern search (also known as direct search, derivative-free search, or black-box search) is a family of numerical optimization methods that does not require a gradient. As a result, it can be used on functions that are not continuous or differentiable. One such pattern search method is "convergence" (see below), which is based on the theory of positive bases. Optimization attempts to find the best match (the solution that has the lowest error value) in a multidimensional analysis space of possibilities.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29

Pattern search (optimization)

Pattern search (optimization). History The name "pattern search" was coined by Hooke and Jeeves. An early and simple variant is attributed to Fermi and Metropolis when they worked at the Los Alamos National Laboratory. It is described by Davidon, as follows:

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29

Pattern search (optimization)

Pattern search (optimization). Convergence Convergence is a pattern search method proposed by Yu, who proved that it converges using the theory of positive bases. Later, Torczon, Lagarias and co-authors used positive-basis techniques to prove the convergence of another pattern-search method on specific classes of functions. Outside of such classes, pattern search is a heuristic that can provide useful approximate solutions for some issues, but can fail on others. Outside of such classes, pattern search is not an iterative method that converges to a solution; indeed, pattern-search methods can converge to non-stationary points on some relatively tame problems.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern%20search%20%28optimization%29

Pattern search (optimization)

Pattern search (optimization). See also Golden-section search conceptually resembles PS in its narrowing of the search range, only for single-dimensional search spaces. Nelder–Mead method aka. the simplex method conceptually resembles PS in its narrowing of the search range for multi-dimensional search spaces but does so by maintaining n + 1 points for n-dimensional search spaces, whereas PS methods computes 2n + 1 points (the central point and 2 points in each dimension). Luus–Jaakola samples from a uniform distribution surrounding the current position and uses a simple formula for exponentially decreasing the sampling range. Random search is a related family of optimization methods that sample from a hypersphere surrounding the current position. Random optimization is a related family of optimization methods that sample from a normal distribution surrounding the current position.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. The 1909 Grand Isle hurricane was a large and deadly Category 3 hurricane that caused severe damage and killed more than 400 people throughout Cuba and the northern coast of the Gulf of Mexico. Forming out of a tropical disturbance just south of Hispaniola on September 13, 1909, the initial depression slowly intensified as it moved west-northwest towards Jamaica. Two days later, the system attained tropical storm intensity and turned northwestward towards Cuba. On September 16, it attained the equivalent of a modern-day Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale and further strengthened to attain winds of before making landfall in Pinar del Río Province, Cuba on September 18. After a briefly weakening over land, the system regained strength over the Gulf of Mexico, with peak winds reaching the following day. After only slightly weakening, the hurricane increased in forward motion and made landfall near Grand Isle, Louisiana on September 21. The system quickly lost strength after moving over land, dissipating the following day over Missouri.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. In the Caribbean, little impact was known to have been caused by the storm outside of Cuba where rough seas killed 29 people. In the United States, the hurricane wrought catastrophic damage across Louisiana and Mississippi. Throughout these states, 371 people are known to have been killed, making it the sixth deadliest hurricane in United States history at the time; however, it has since been surpassed by five other cyclones. Along the Louisiana coastline, a powerful storm surge penetrated inland, destroying the homes of 5,000 people. Thousands of other homes throughout the affected region lost their roofs and telegraph communication was crippled. In terms of monetary losses, the storm wrought $11 million (1909 USD; $265 million 2010 USD) in damage throughout its path.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history The origins of the Grand Isle hurricane were in a tropical disturbance over the western Atlantic Ocean in early September 1909. Enhanced by a strong area of high pressure over the Azores and British Isles, the system was able to gradually intensify as it neared the Lesser Antilles. On September 10, barometric pressures across several of the islands in the eastern Caribbean fell, indicating that a disturbance was moving through the region. According to the Atlantic hurricane database, maintained by the National Hurricane Center, the system developed into a tropical depression south of Hispaniola in the Caribbean on September 13. However, meteorologist José Fernández Partagás stated that there was no evidence of a closed circulation, a key component of tropical cyclones, until September 14. Tracking west-northwestward, the depression brushed the coast of Haiti before attaining tropical storm intensity off the northwestern coast of Jamaica on September 15.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history After reaching this strength, the storm slowed and gradually took a more northwesterly course, heading towards Pinar del Río Province in western Cuba. On September 16, the system attained winds of , what would now be considered a Category 1 hurricane on the Saffir–Simpson hurricane scale. Moving at a slow pace of , the system gradually intensified. Late on September 18, the center of the storm was estimated to have made landfall in Pinar del Río Province with winds of ; an atmospheric pressure of 976 mbar (hPa; ) was recorded during its passage. The storm's eye passed over the town of Manta for four hours, between 3:00 pm and 7:00 pm on September 17.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Slight weakening took place after moving over western Cuba; however, once over the Gulf of Mexico, the storm steadily regained its strength. By September 19, the system re-attained the equivalent intensity of a Category 2 hurricane and the forward motion increased. Early that morning, the storm further intensified to attain its peak winds of , equivalent to a mid-range Category 3 cyclone. By the afternoon of September 19, reports from the Louisiana and Mississippi coastline indicated that the outer bands of the hurricane were producing scattered rainfall.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Early on September 21, it was estimated that the center of the hurricane made landfall near Grand Isle, Louisiana with winds of . A pressure of 952 mbar (hPa; ) was recorded around this time, the lowest in relation to the storm. Operational analysis of the storm indicated that it attained the equivalent intensity of a Category 4 hurricane as it made landfall. The storm's lowest pressure was also operationally listed as 931 mbar (hPa; ). This pressure was based on operational estimates in relation to the system's storm surge and was not directly measured. However, later research of the storm determined that its winds had not exceeded . At this time, the hurricane's radius of maximum wind was roughly and the overall size of the storm was estimated to be wide. Once overland, the system quickly weakened, losing hurricane status within 12 hours and later to a tropical depression over southern Missouri. The remnants of the system were last noted on September 22 as it merged with a trough over the Midwestern United States.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Impact In western Cuba, the hurricane brought strong winds and heavy rains to several areas. A maximum of of rain fell in a 24‑hour span, while the strongest recorded winds reached . Numerous buildings in western Cuba sustained extensive damage and a large portion of the orange crop was lost. Ships were pushed onshore by the hurricane's large swells. Throughout Pinar del Río Province, damage was estimated at $1 million (1909 USD). Amidst rough seas produced by the hurricane, the steamship Nicholas Castina sank off the coast of Cuba, near the Isle of Pines. At least 29 people drowned in the wreck. Of the fatalities, 27 were crew members and two were passengers.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. United States Prior to the hurricane's arrival in the United States, the National Weather Bureau issued several hurricane warnings. As the storm passed over western Cuba, warnings were declared for much of the Gulf Coast of Florida and all ships in the Gulf or planning to set sail were advised return and remain at port. Warnings were then issued for the northern Gulf Coast, allowing residents time to evacuate before the storm struck.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history In the United States, the storm wrought extensive damage along the Gulf Coast. At least 371 people were killed by the storm; however, this is considered a conservative estimate and the true death toll may never be known. Of the known fatalities, 353 took place in Louisiana and 18 in Mississippi. This makes the 1909 Grand Isle hurricane the eleventh deadliest hurricane in United States history. However, at the time of its occurrence, it was the sixth deadliest storm in the country. Damage throughout Louisiana and Mississippi was estimated to be at least $10 million (1909 USD).

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Louisiana In New Orleans, the storm caused substantial damage, with many homes destroyed and ships wrecked. Communication with the city was completely lost after most of the telegraph wires were downed. Around 3:00 pm on September 21, advisories from the New Orleans Weather Bureau ceased, leading to concerns over the state of the city. Prior to the communication loss, the Weather Bureau reported that waves along the Mississippi River banks were surpassing and water rise in New Orleans itself could reach unprecedented levels. Several lakes overflowed their banks as water from the Mississippi River back-flowed into them, flooding nearby lowlands. The resulting floods, which inundated areas with upwards of of water, were similar in scale to the flooding caused by Hurricane Katrina in 2005, nearly 100 years later. However, due to the lack of residential buildings in the area at the time, the flooding caused far less destruction than that of Katrina. A report falsely claimed that the city's French Quarter was "swept away". A total of 306 coal barges sank off the coast of New Orleans and Lobdell (West Baton Rouge Parish), incurring over $1 million in losses. Nearly every sugar cane plantation between New Orleans and Baton Rouge sustained damage, resulting in at least $1 million in losses.

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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1909%20Grand%20Isle%20hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Meteorological history Strong winds from the hurricane lifted homes off their foundations and in some cases, the homes were blown away from where they originally stood. Many towns in Louisiana were isolated immediately after the storm as telegraph communication was lost. Along a stretch of coastline near where the storm made landfall, a storm surge destroyed the homes of 5,000 people and traveled inland. At least 300 of the fatalities took place in southeastern Louisiana, the hardest hit region. Many people who were boating on the Mississippi River and the Gulf of Mexico were caught in the storm's winds and officials presumed that all who were caught in this perished. Near the Texas border, it was estimated that two-thirds of the unharvested rice crop was ruined by the hurricane. In Baton Rouge alone, damage from the hurricane was estimated at $2.9 million (1909 USD). Throughout Louisiana, a total of 353 people were killed by the hurricane according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. A maximum of of rain fell in the state during the passage of the hurricane.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Elsewhere At least 18 fatalities also took place in Mississippi where many towns and cities were flooded. The cities of Natchez and Greenville were mostly destroyed by the hurricane. In Natchez, winds up to blew roofs off homes and shut down the local power station, leaving the city in darkness. Telegraph wires were also downed, cutting communication with the surrounding area. The Biloxi Bay Bridge was swamped by large waves and it was thought that it would be destroyed by the storm at one point. Although the bridge held through the storm, one person died after being washed away while crossing it. Initial estimates stated that damage in Biloxi was between $40,000 and $50,000 (1909 USD). Along a stretch of beach in Mississippi, all of the homes and of the electric car line were destroyed by the hurricane's storm surge. Further north in Jackson, communication in the city was lost and the dome of the newly constructed capital building was destroyed by high winds. Two people were killed in the city after being crushed by falling walls. A maximum of of rain fell in Mississippi during the passage of the hurricane.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Elsewhere In areas in and around Pensacola, Florida, winds caused some damage. At the local pier, a ship, named Romanoff, toppled over onto a wharf due to large waves produced by the hurricane. Two barges carrying lumber sank near the western beach of Pensacola and several others lost their cargo. Many small ships were destroyed by large swells and according to The New York Times, some of these were "...swamped and pounded into pieces". Further inland, the remnants of the hurricane brought light to moderate rainfall to portions of the central United States. A maximum of of rain fell in Arkansas; in Missouri; in Tennessee; and in Kentucky. A section of the Louisville and Nashville railroad and an section of the Illinois central railroad were washed out by floods caused by the storm's remnants.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Aftermath Although the storm killed more than 370 people in the United States, the National Weather Bureau was credited for "invaluable warnings" prior to the hurricane's arrival, saving many lives. Following the hurricane's landfall on September 21, rescue and relief efforts began taking place on September 22 near Houma, Louisiana. By September 25, thousands of dollars worth of supplies had been sent to survivors of the storm. However, more than four days after the passage of the storm, many other areas devastated by the hurricane had yet to receive aid from either the government or United States Army. Congressman Robert F. Broussard sent a telegraph to the war department requesting aid; however, he had not received a response by September 27. Initially, news reports focused on the large loss of life from the storm but, once the lack of aid was noticed, their attention shifted to the hundreds of survivors who were left homeless and in dire need of basic necessities. Within days of the storm's passage, there were fears that the storm ruined the cotton crop in southern Louisiana and would cause a spike in prices. However, in a report released on October 4, 1909, it was stated that the losses were much less than previously thought and as a result, there would be no change in the cotton price. According to a report in 2009, the rice and cotton crops sustained 35% and 20% losses respectively in the wake of the hurricane.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Aftermath In 2002, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration added the storm surge from the hurricane to the Global Tsunami Database based on newspaper reports referring to the event as a tidal wave. However, four years later, a more detailed study of possible tsunamis in the past resulted in this event being "flagged" as suspect. After further review of the news articles indicating that the wave came after the hurricane, it was determined that there was a misinterpretation of the publishing date since the article was archived by telegraph on September 22, 1909, the day after the hurricane made landfall. In light of this research, the possibility of the wave being a tsunami was denied; however, it remains in the database as a "debunked" event.

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1909 Grand Isle hurricane

1909 Grand Isle hurricane. Category 3 Atlantic hurricanes Grand Isle Hurricanes in Louisiana Hurricanes in Alabama Hurricanes in Mississippi Grand Isle Hurricane, 1909 Hurricanes in Cuba 1909 natural disasters in the United States

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7th Writers Guild of America Awards

7th Writers Guild of America Awards. The 7th Writers Guild of America Awards honored the best film writers of 1954. Winners were announced in 1955.

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