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For a civilization capable of building a Dyson sphere, this is a relatively simple endeavour. | [
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At full throttle, the solar system could probably be moved by about 100 light years over 230 million years. | [
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Over a few billion years, it gives us near complete control over the Sun's orbit in the galaxy. | [
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But in the short term, this might not be fast enough to dodge a deadly supernova. | [
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That's why we thought we could do better. | [
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So we asked our astrophysicist friend if he could design a faster stellar engine for this video. | [
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He did, and wrote a paper about it that's been published in a peer-reviewed journal. | [
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You can find it in our sources document. | [
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We're going to call our new stellar engine the Kaplan thruster. | [
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It works a lot like a traditional rocket. | [
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It's a large space station platform, powered by a Dyson sphere, that gathers matter from the Sun to power nuclear fusion. | [
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It shoots out a very fast jet of particles at nearly 1% the speed of light out of the solar system. | [
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A second jet pushes the Sun along like a tugboat. | [
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The Kaplan thruster requires a lot of fuel, millions of tons per second. | [
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To gather this fuel, our thruster uses very large electromagnetic fields to funnel hydrogen and helium from the solar wind into the engine. | [
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The solar wind alone doesn't provide enough fuel though. | [
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And that's where the Dyson sphere comes in. | [
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Using its power, sunlight can be refocused to the surface of the Sun. | [
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This heats small regions to extreme temperatures, lifting billions of tons of mass off the Sun. | [
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This mass can be collected and separated into hydrogen and helium. | [
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The helium is burned explosively in thermonuclear fusion reactors. | [
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With a Kaplan thruster, we could turn the entire solar system into our spaceship. | [
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It may even be possible to escape the galaxy entirely and expand beyond the Milky Way. | [
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Since we know that our Sun will die one day, a stellar engine could allow the far future descendants of humans to travel to other stars without ever having to venture into the terrifying dark abyss of interstellar space. | [
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Maybe our descendants will set sail and become an interstellar species for millions of years to come. | [
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This was our last video for the year 12,019 of the human era. | [
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Meet our two players, a yellow dwarf star system, | [
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Sending an invasion fleet is futile. | [
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the journey to Earth would take decades or even centuries, | [
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and humans would have plenty of time to prepare. | [
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Today, we'll help the Smorpians construct a weapon that is not only extremely long-range and as fast as physically possible, | [
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In interstellar war, you want to win with one shot. | [
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Our bird scientists have found three Smorpian designs. | [
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As an advanced technological civilization, the Smorpians harness the energy of their star by surrounding it with billions of solar power satellites. | [
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This Dyson swarm collects 1% of the star's energy output. | [
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It will travel for decades, occasionally melting the odd bit of interstellar dust or asteroid. | [
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42 years after being fired, it arrives without warning. | [
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Humans only notice a weird green glow in the sky, and then they're gone. | [
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1% of the energy of a star concentrated into a beam the diameter of Earth, traveling 42 light years. | [
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It burns the exposed half of the planet with the intensity of 3 million suns. | [
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The seas boil and evaporate, fires scour the land, and within minutes, Earth's crust begins to melt into a sea of lava. | [
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As the planet rotates, it turns into a red-hot hell with no trace of life. | [
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After a day, it's all over, and the laser dies down. | [
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In another 42 years, the Smorpians will know if they've been successful. | [
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That's another thing about interstellar war. | [
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When you attack, your grandchildren will be the ones to find out if you won. | [
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It's like all the bombs from World War II exploding in the 80s, and us only seeing the effect today. | [
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But is there something else? | [
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