phi0108/structure-en · Datasets at Hugging Face

text stringlengths 5 246	spans listlengths 0 12	tokens sequencelengths 2 48	tags sequencelengths 2 48
The observable universe is a big place that's been around for more than 13 billion years.	[ { "end": 22, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "系动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 87, "label": "表语", "start": 27, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "The", "observable", "universe", "is", "a", "big", "place", "that", "'s", "been", "around", "for", "more", "than", "13", "billion", "years", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
Up to 2 trillion galaxies, made up of something like 20,000 billion billion stars, surround our home galaxy.	[ { "end": 81, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 91, "label": "动词原形", "start": 83, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 16 }, { "end": 107, "label": "宾语", "start": 92, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 17 } ]	[ "Up", "to", "2", "trillion", "galaxies", ",", "made", "up", "of", "something", "like", "20,000", "billion", "billion", "stars", ",", "surround", "our", "home", "galaxy", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 19, 5, 6, 6, 0 ]
In the Milky Way alone, scientists assume there are some 40 billion Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of their stars.	[ { "end": 22, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 34, "label": "主语", "start": 24, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 41, "label": "动词原形", "start": 35, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 123, "label": "宾语", "start": 42, "token_end": 23, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "In", "the", "Milky", "Way", "alone", ",", "scientists", "assume", "there", "are", "some", "40", "billion", "Earth", "-", "like", "planets", "in", "the", "habitable", "zone", "of", "their", "stars", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
When we look at these numbers, it's hard to imagine that there is nobody else out there.	[ { "end": 29, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 33, "label": "形式主语", "start": 31, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 35, "label": "系动词", "start": 33, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 40, "label": "表语", "start": 36, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 87, "label": "主语", "start": 41, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "When", "we", "look", "at", "these", "numbers", ",", "it", "'s", "hard", "to", "imagine", "that", "there", "is", "nobody", "else", "out", "there", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 3, 21, 11, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
It would change our perception of ourselves forever if we found others.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "动词原形", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 42, "label": "宾语", "start": 16, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 50, "label": "状语", "start": 44, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 69, "label": "状语", "start": 52, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "It", "would", "change", "our", "perception", "of", "ourselves", "forever", "if", "we", "found", "others", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Just knowing that this vast place is not dead would shift our perspective outwards and could help us get over our irrelevant quarrels.	[ { "end": 45, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 51, "label": "助动词", "start": 46, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 57, "label": "动词原形", "start": 52, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 73, "label": "宾语", "start": 58, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 82, "label": "状语", "start": 74, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 133, "label": "并列句", "start": 87, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 15 } ]	[ "Just", "knowing", "that", "this", "vast", "place", "is", "not", "dead", "would", "shift", "our", "perspective", "outwards", "and", "could", "help", "us", "get", "over", "our", "irrelevant", "quarrels", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 19, 5, 6, 13, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
But before looking for our new best friends or worst enemies, we have a problem to solve.	[ { "end": 60, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 64, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 69, "label": "动词原形", "start": 65, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 88, "label": "宾语", "start": 70, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 14 } ]	[ "But", "before", "looking", "for", "our", "new", "best", "friends", "or", "worst", "enemies", ",", "we", "have", "a", "problem", "to", "solve", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
What are we actually looking for?	[ { "end": 3, "label": "宾语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 31, "label": "动词成语", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "What", "are", "we", "actually", "looking", "for", "?" ]	[ 5, 15, 1, 13, 31, 32, 0 ]
In a universe that big and old, we have to assume that civilizations start millions of years apart from each other and develop in different directions and speeds.	[ { "end": 30, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 34, "label": "主语", "start": 32, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 42, "label": "半助动词", "start": 35, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 49, "label": "动词原形", "start": 43, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 161, "label": "宾语", "start": 50, "token_end": 28, "token_start": 12 } ]	[ "In", "a", "universe", "that", "big", "and", "old", ",", "we", "have", "to", "assume", "that", "civilizations", "start", "millions", "of", "years", "apart", "from", "each", "other", "and", "develop", "in", "different", "directions", "and", "speeds", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 17, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
So not only are we looking over distances of dozens to hundreds of thousands of light years, we're looking for a civilization ranging from cavemen to super-advanced.	[ { "end": 95, "label": "主语", "start": 93, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 18 }, { "end": 98, "label": "助动词", "start": 95, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 19 }, { "end": 110, "label": "动词成语", "start": 99, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 20 }, { "end": 164, "label": "宾语", "start": 111, "token_end": 30, "token_start": 22 } ]	[ "So", "not", "only", "are", "we", "looking", "over", "distances", "of", "dozens", "to", "hundreds", "of", "thousands", "of", "light", "years", ",", "we", "'re", "looking", "for", "a", "civilization", "ranging", "from", "cavemen", "to", "super", "-", "advanced", "." ]	[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 31, 32, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
So we need a conceptual framework to enable us to think better thoughts that make us able to search better.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "动词原形", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 106, "label": "宾语", "start": 11, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "So", "we", "need", "a", "conceptual", "framework", "to", "enable", "us", "to", "think", "better", "thoughts", "that", "make", "us", "able", "to", "search", "better", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
Are there universal rules that intelligent species follow?	[ { "end": 3, "label": "系动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "形式主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 57, "label": "主语", "start": 10, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "Are", "there", "universal", "rules", "that", "intelligent", "species", "follow", "?" ]	[ 21, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
Currently, our civilization sample size is only one, so we may make incorrect assumptions based solely on ourselves.	[ { "end": 8, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 38, "label": "主语", "start": 11, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 41, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 50, "label": "表语", "start": 43, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 114, "label": "状语", "start": 53, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "Currently", ",", "our", "civilization", "sample", "size", "is", "only", "one", ",", "so", "we", "may", "make", "incorrect", "assumptions", "based", "solely", "on", "ourselves", "." ]	[ 13, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
We know that humans started out with nothing but minds and hands that could build tools.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 87, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "We", "know", "that", "humans", "started", "out", "with", "nothing", "but", "minds", "and", "hands", "that", "could", "build", "tools", "." ]	[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
We know that humans are curious, competitive, greedy for resources, and expansionist.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 84, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "We", "know", "that", "humans", "are", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "for", "resources", ",", "and", "expansionist", "." ]	[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
The more of these qualities our ancestors had, the more successful they were in the civilization-building game.	[ { "end": 44, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 65, "label": "表语", "start": 47, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 70, "label": "主语", "start": 67, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 75, "label": "系动词", "start": 72, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 109, "label": "状语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 14 } ]	[ "The", "more", "of", "these", "qualities", "our", "ancestors", "had", ",", "the", "more", "successful", "they", "were", "in", "the", "civilization", "-", "building", "game", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 11, 12, 12, 1, 21, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Being one with nature is nice, but it's not the path to irrigation systems or gunpowder or cities.	[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 24, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 29, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 97, "label": "并列句", "start": 35, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "Being", "one", "with", "nature", "is", "nice", ",", "but", "it", "'s", "not", "the", "path", "to", "irrigation", "systems", "or", "gunpowder", "or", "cities", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
So it's reasonable to assume that aliens able to take over their home planet also have these qualities.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "形式主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 7, "label": "系动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "表语", "start": 8, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 102, "label": "主语", "start": 19, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "So", "it", "'s", "reasonable", "to", "assume", "that", "aliens", "able", "to", "take", "over", "their", "home", "planet", "also", "have", "these", "qualities", "." ]	[ 0, 3, 21, 11, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
And if aliens have to follow the same laws of physics, then there is a measurable metric for progress.	[ { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 55, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 65, "label": "形式主语", "start": 60, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 68, "label": "系动词", "start": 66, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 101, "label": "主语", "start": 69, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 15 } ]	[ "And", "if", "aliens", "have", "to", "follow", "the", "same", "laws", "of", "physics", ",", "then", "there", "is", "a", "measurable", "metric", "for", "progress", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
Human progress can be measured very precisely by how much energy we extracted from our environment and how we made it usable to do things.	[ { "end": 13, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 17, "label": "助动词", "start": 15, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 20, "label": "助动词", "start": 19, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 44, "label": "状语", "start": 31, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 136, "label": "状语", "start": 46, "token_end": 24, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "Human", "progress", "can", "be", "measured", "very", "precisely", "by", "how", "much", "energy", "we", "extracted", "from", "our", "environment", "and", "how", "we", "made", "it", "usable", "to", "do", "things", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 15, 15, 29, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
We started with muscles until we learned to control fire.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 22, "label": "状语", "start": 11, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 55, "label": "状语", "start": 24, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "We", "started", "with", "muscles", "until", "we", "learned", "to", "control", "fire", "." ]	[ 1, 23, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Then we made machines that used kinetic energy from water and wind.	[ { "end": 3, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 11, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 65, "label": "宾语", "start": 13, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "Then", "we", "made", "machines", "that", "used", "kinetic", "energy", "from", "water", "and", "wind", "." ]	[ 13, 1, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
As our machines got better and our knowledge of materials expanded, we began to harness the concentrated energy from dead plants we dug up from the ground.	[ { "end": 66, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 70, "label": "主语", "start": 68, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 76, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 71, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 154, "label": "宾语", "start": 77, "token_end": 27, "token_start": 14 } ]	[ "As", "our", "machines", "got", "better", "and", "our", "knowledge", "of", "materials", "expanded", ",", "we", "began", "to", "harness", "the", "concentrated", "energy", "from", "dead", "plants", "we", "dug", "up", "from", "the", "ground", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
As our energy consumption grew exponentially, so did the abilities of our civilization.	[ { "end": 43, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 47, "label": "状语", "start": 46, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 51, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 49, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 85, "label": "主语", "start": 53, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "As", "our", "energy", "consumption", "grew", "exponentially", ",", "so", "did", "the", "abilities", "of", "our", "civilization", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 23, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
Between 1800 and 2015, population size had increased sevenfold while humanity was consuming 25 times more energy.	[ { "end": 20, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 37, "label": "主语", "start": 23, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 41, "label": "助动词", "start": 39, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 51, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 43, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 61, "label": "状语", "start": 53, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 111, "label": "状语", "start": 63, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "Between", "1800", "and", "2015", ",", "population", "size", "had", "increased", "sevenfold", "while", "humanity", "was", "consuming", "25", "times", "more", "energy", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 15, 29, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
It's likely that this process will continue into the far future.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 4, "label": "系动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 63, "label": "表语", "start": 5, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "It", "'s", "likely", "that", "this", "process", "will", "continue", "into", "the", "far", "future", "." ]	[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
Based on these facts, scientist Nikolai Kardashev developed a method of categorizing civilizations from cave dwellers to gods ruling over galaxies.	[ { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 48, "label": "主语", "start": 22, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 58, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 50, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 145, "label": "宾语", "start": 60, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "Based", "on", "these", "facts", ",", "scientist", "Nikolai", "Kardashev", "developed", "a", "method", "of", "categorizing", "civilizations", "from", "cave", "dwellers", "to", "gods", "ruling", "over", "galaxies", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
The scale has been refined and expanded on over the decades, but in general it puts civilizations into four different categories.	[ { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 13, "label": "助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 19, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 59, "label": "并列句", "start": 31, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 128, "label": "并列句", "start": 65, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 13 } ]	[ "The", "scale", "has", "been", "refined", "and", "expanded", "on", "over", "the", "decades", ",", "but", "in", "general", "it", "puts", "civilizations", "into", "four", "different", "categories", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 15, 15, 29, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
A type 1 civilization is able to use the available energy of their home planet.	[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 77, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "A", "type", "1", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "home", "planet", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
A type 2 civilization is able to use the available energy of their star and planetary system.	[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 91, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "A", "type", "2", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "star", "and", "planetary", "system", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
A type 3 civilization is able to use the available energy of their galaxy.	[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 72, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "A", "type", "3", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "galaxy", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
A type 4 civilization is able to use the available energy of multiple galaxies.	[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 77, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "A", "type", "4", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "multiple", "galaxies", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
These levels differ by orders of magnitude.	[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 13, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "These", "levels", "differ", "by", "orders", "of", "magnitude", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
It's like comparing an ant colony to a human metropolitan area.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 4, "label": "系动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 5, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "It", "'s", "like", "comparing", "an", "ant", "colony", "to", "a", "human", "metropolitan", "area", "." ]	[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
To ants, we are so complex and powerful, we might as well be gods.	[ { "end": 6, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 64, "label": "表语", "start": 16, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "To", "ants", ",", "we", "are", "so", "complex", "and", "powerful", ",", "we", "might", "as", "well", "be", "gods", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
So to make the scale more useful, we need subcategories.	[ { "end": 32, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 36, "label": "主语", "start": 34, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 41, "label": "动词原形", "start": 37, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 55, "label": "宾语", "start": 42, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "So", "to", "make", "the", "scale", "more", "useful", ",", "we", "need", "subcategories", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 0 ]
On the lower end of the spectrum, there are type 0 to type 1 civilizations.	[ { "end": 32, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 39, "label": "形式主语", "start": 34, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 43, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 74, "label": "主语", "start": 44, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "On", "the", "lower", "end", "of", "the", "spectrum", ",", "there", "are", "type", "0", "to", "type", "1", "civilizations", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
These might actually be abundant in the Milky Way.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "系动词", "start": 21, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 31, "label": "表语", "start": 24, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 48, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "These", "might", "actually", "be", "abundant", "in", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 13, 21, 11, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
But a civilization that is not actively transmitting radio signals into space might be as close as our nearest stellar neighbor,	[ { "end": 77, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 83, "label": "助动词", "start": 78, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 86, "label": "系动词", "start": 84, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 127, "label": "表语", "start": 87, "token_end": 20, "token_start": 14 } ]	[ "But", "a", "civilization", "that", "is", "not", "actively", "transmitting", "radio", "signals", "into", "space", "might", "be", "as", "close", "as", "our", "nearest", "stellar", "neighbor", "," ]	[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
But even if they transmitted radio signals like we do, it might not be very helpful.	[ { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 57, "label": "主语", "start": 55, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 63, "label": "助动词", "start": 58, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 67, "label": "否定词", "start": 64, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 70, "label": "系动词", "start": 68, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 83, "label": "表语", "start": 71, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 15 } ]	[ "But", "even", "if", "they", "transmitted", "radio", "signals", "like", "we", "do", ",", "it", "might", "not", "be", "very", "helpful", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 37, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]
On an interstellar scale, humanity is practically invisible.	[ { "end": 23, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 33, "label": "主语", "start": 26, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "系动词", "start": 35, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 58, "label": "表语", "start": 38, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "On", "an", "interstellar", "scale", ",", "humanity", "is", "practically", "invisible", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]
Our signals may extend over an impressive 200 light years, but this is only a tiny fraction of the Milky Way.	[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "助动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词原形", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 57, "label": "状语", "start": 23, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 108, "label": "并列句", "start": 63, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 12 } ]	[ "Our", "signals", "may", "extend", "over", "an", "impressive", "200", "light", "years", ",", "but", "this", "is", "only", "a", "tiny", "fraction", "of", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
And even if someone were listening, after a few light years, our signals decay into noise, impossible to identify as the source of an intelligent species.	[ { "end": 34, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 36, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 72, "label": "主语", "start": 61, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 78, "label": "动词原形", "start": 73, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 153, "label": "状语", "start": 79, "token_end": 28, "token_start": 16 } ]	[ "And", "even", "if", "someone", "were", "listening", ",", "after", "a", "few", "light", "years", ",", "our", "signals", "decay", "into", "noise", ",", "impossible", "to", "identify", "as", "the", "source", "of", "an", "intelligent", "species", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Today, humanity ranks at about level 0.75.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 7, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 21, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "Today", ",", "humanity", "ranks", "at", "about", "level", "0.75", "." ]	[ 13, 0, 1, 25, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
We have altered our planet.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "宾语", "start": 16, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "We", "have", "altered", "our", "planet", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 0 ]
We've created huge structures, mined and stripped mountains, removed rainforests and drained swamps.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 5, "label": "助动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 29, "label": "宾语", "start": 14, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "We", "'ve", "created", "huge", "structures", ",", "mined", "and", "stripped", "mountains", ",", "removed", "rainforests", "and", "drained", "swamps", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
We've created rivers and lakes and changed the composition and temperature of the atmosphere.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 5, "label": "助动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 30, "label": "宾语", "start": 14, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 92, "label": "并列句", "start": 35, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "We", "'ve", "created", "rivers", "and", "lakes", "and", "changed", "the", "composition", "and", "temperature", "of", "the", "atmosphere", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
If progress continues, and we don't make Earth uninhabitable, we will become a full type 1 civilization in the next few hundred years.	[ { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 63, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 68, "label": "助动词", "start": 65, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 75, "label": "系动词", "start": 70, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 102, "label": "表语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 132, "label": "状语", "start": 104, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 20 } ]	[ "If", "progress", "continues", ",", "and", "we", "do", "n't", "make", "Earth", "uninhabitable", ",", "we", "will", "become", "a", "full", "type", "1", "civilization", "in", "the", "next", "few", "hundred", "years", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Any civilization that becomes a type 1 is bound to look outside because it's likely that it's still curious, competitive, greedy and expansionist.	[ { "end": 38, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 41, "label": "系动词", "start": 39, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 63, "label": "表语", "start": 42, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 145, "label": "状语", "start": 64, "token_end": 26, "token_start": 12 } ]	[ "Any", "civilization", "that", "becomes", "a", "type", "1", "is", "bound", "to", "look", "outside", "because", "it", "'s", "likely", "that", "it", "'s", "still", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "and", "expansionist", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
The next reasonable step towards transitioning to type 2 is trying to alter and mine other planets and bodies.	[ { "end": 56, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 59, "label": "助动词", "start": 57, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 66, "label": "动词现在分词", "start": 60, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 109, "label": "宾语", "start": 67, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 11 } ]	[ "The", "next", "reasonable", "step", "towards", "transitioning", "to", "type", "2", "is", "trying", "to", "alter", "and", "mine", "other", "planets", "and", "bodies", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 27, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
This might start with outposts in space, transition to infrastructure and industries near the home planet,	[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 16, "label": "动词原形", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 39, "label": "状语", "start": 17, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "This", "might", "start", "with", "outposts", "in", "space", ",", "transition", "to", "infrastructure", "and", "industries", "near", "the", "home", "planet", "," ]	[ 1, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
As a civilization expands and uses more and more stuff and space, its energy consumption scales with them.	[ { "end": 63, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 87, "label": "主语", "start": 66, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 94, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 89, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 16 }, { "end": 104, "label": "状语", "start": 96, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 17 } ]	[ "As", "a", "civilization", "expands", "and", "uses", "more", "and", "more", "stuff", "and", "space", ",", "its", "energy", "consumption", "scales", "with", "them", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 25, 13, 14, 0 ]
So, at some point, they may embark on the largest project a lower type 2 civilization can take on, harnessing the energy of their star by building a Dyson swarm.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 16, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "主语", "start": 19, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 26, "label": "助动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 33, "label": "动词原形", "start": 28, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 159, "label": "状语", "start": 35, "token_end": 32, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "So", ",", "at", "some", "point", ",", "they", "may", "embark", "on", "the", "largest", "project", "a", "lower", "type", "2", "civilization", "can", "take", "on", ",", "harnessing", "the", "energy", "of", "their", "star", "by", "building", "a", "Dyson", "swarm", "." ]	[ 13, 0, 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Once this megastructure is finished, energy has become practically unlimited for molding the home system however they see fit.	[ { "end": 34, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 42, "label": "主语", "start": 37, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 46, "label": "助动词", "start": 44, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 53, "label": "系动词", "start": 48, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 75, "label": "表语", "start": 55, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 124, "label": "状语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 11 } ]	[ "Once", "this", "megastructure", "is", "finished", ",", "energy", "has", "become", "practically", "unlimited", "for", "molding", "the", "home", "system", "however", "they", "see", "fit", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
If they are still curious, competitive, greedy and expansionist,	[ { "end": 1, "label": "连词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "系动词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 16, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 18, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "If", "they", "are", "still", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "and", "expansionist", "," ]	[ 0, 1, 21, 13, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
the next frontier moves to other stars light years away.	[ { "end": 16, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 18, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 54, "label": "状语", "start": 24, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "the", "next", "frontier", "moves", "to", "other", "stars", "light", "years", "away", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 25, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
For a type 2 civilization, the distance to other stars might feel like the distance between Earth and Pluto does to us today.	[ { "end": 25, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 54, "label": "主语", "start": 27, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 60, "label": "助动词", "start": 55, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 65, "label": "系动词", "start": 61, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 124, "label": "表语", "start": 66, "token_end": 23, "token_start": 13 } ]	[ "For", "a", "type", "2", "civilization", ",", "the", "distance", "to", "other", "stars", "might", "feel", "like", "the", "distance", "between", "Earth", "and", "Pluto", "does", "to", "us", "today", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
This begins their transition towards type 3.	[ { "end": 3, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 42, "label": "宾语", "start": 12, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "This", "begins", "their", "transition", "towards", "type", "3", "." ]	[ 1, 25, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
This step is so far beyond us that it becomes hard to imagine what exactly these challenges will look like and how they'll be solved.	[ { "end": 8, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 11, "label": "系动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 131, "label": "表语", "start": 13, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "This", "step", "is", "so", "far", "beyond", "us", "that", "it", "becomes", "hard", "to", "imagine", "what", "exactly", "these", "challenges", "will", "look", "like", "and", "how", "they", "'ll", "be", "solved", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
Will they be able to find a solution to the vast distances and travel times of hundreds or thousands of years?	[ { "end": 4, "label": "助动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 109, "label": "宾语", "start": 26, "token_end": 20, "token_start": 6 } ]	[ "Will", "they", "be", "able", "to", "find", "a", "solution", "to", "the", "vast", "distances", "and", "travel", "times", "of", "hundreds", "or", "thousands", "of", "years", "?" ]	[ 15, 1, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
Will they be able to communicate and keep a shared culture and biology between colonies light years apart?	[ { "end": 4, "label": "助动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 32, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 105, "label": "并列句", "start": 37, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "Will", "they", "be", "able", "to", "communicate", "and", "keep", "a", "shared", "culture", "and", "biology", "between", "colonies", "light", "years", "apart", "?" ]	[ 15, 1, 17, 18, 18, 19, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
Or will they split into separate type 2 civilizations?	[ { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 12, "label": "主语", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 13, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 19, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "Or", "will", "they", "split", "into", "separate", "type", "2", "civilizations", "?" ]	[ 0, 15, 1, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Are there deadly challenges between the stars?	[ { "end": 3, "label": "系动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "形式主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 45, "label": "主语", "start": 10, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "Are", "there", "deadly", "challenges", "between", "the", "stars", "?" ]	[ 21, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
So the closer a species gets to type 3, the harder it becomes to fathom what it might actually look like.	[ { "end": 38, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 50, "label": "表语", "start": 40, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 53, "label": "形式主语", "start": 51, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 61, "label": "系动词", "start": 54, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 104, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 14 } ]	[ "So", "the", "closer", "a", "species", "gets", "to", "type", "3", ",", "the", "harder", "it", "becomes", "to", "fathom", "what", "it", "might", "actually", "look", "like", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 11, 12, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
They might discover new physics, may understand and control dark matter and energy, or be able to travel faster than light.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "动词原形", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 31, "label": "宾语", "start": 20, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 82, "label": "并列句", "start": 33, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 122, "label": "并列句", "start": 87, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 16 } ]	[ "They", "might", "discover", "new", "physics", ",", "may", "understand", "and", "control", "dark", "matter", "and", "energy", ",", "or", "be", "able", "to", "travel", "faster", "than", "light", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 19, 5, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
We might be unable to grasp their motives, technology and actions.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 21, "label": "半助动词", "start": 9, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词原形", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 65, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 6 } ]	[ "We", "might", "be", "unable", "to", "grasp", "their", "motives", ",", "technology", "and", "actions", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
Humans are the ants, trying to understand the galactic metropolitan area.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "系动词", "start": 7, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 18, "label": "表语", "start": 11, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 71, "label": "状语", "start": 21, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "Humans", "are", "the", "ants", ",", "trying", "to", "understand", "the", "galactic", "metropolitan", "area", "." ]	[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
A high type 2 civilization might already consider humanity too primitive to even talk to.	[ { "end": 26, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 32, "label": "助动词", "start": 27, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 40, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 49, "label": "动词原形", "start": 41, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 58, "label": "宾语", "start": 50, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 88, "label": "补语", "start": 59, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "A", "high", "type", "2", "civilization", "might", "already", "consider", "humanity", "too", "primitive", "to", "even", "talk", "to", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 13, 19, 5, 33, 34, 34, 34, 34, 34, 0 ]
A type 3 civilization might feel about us like we feel about the bacteria living on the ant hill.	[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 27, "label": "助动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 32, "label": "动词原形", "start": 28, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 96, "label": "状语", "start": 42, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "A", "type", "3", "civilization", "might", "feel", "about", "us", "like", "we", "feel", "about", "the", "bacteria", "living", "on", "the", "ant", "hill", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Maybe they wouldn't even consider us conscious or our survival relevant.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 16, "label": "助动词", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "否定词", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 24, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 33, "label": "动词原形", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "宾语", "start": 34, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 46, "label": "补语", "start": 37, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "Maybe", "they", "would", "n't", "even", "consider", "us", "conscious", "or", "our", "survival", "relevant", "." ]	[ 13, 1, 15, 37, 13, 19, 5, 33, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]
We could only pray that they're nice gods.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "状语", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 41, "label": "宾语", "start": 19, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "We", "could", "only", "pray", "that", "they", "'re", "nice", "gods", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 13, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
But the scale doesn't necessarily end here.	[ { "end": 13, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 21, "label": "否定词", "start": 18, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 33, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 37, "label": "动词原形", "start": 34, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 42, "label": "状语", "start": 38, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "But", "the", "scale", "does", "n't", "necessarily", "end", "here", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 2, 15, 37, 13, 19, 13, 0 ]
Some scientists suggest there might be type 4 and type 5 civilizations whose influence stretches over galaxy clusters or superclusters,	[ { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "动词原形", "start": 16, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 134, "label": "宾语", "start": 24, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "Some", "scientists", "suggest", "there", "might", "be", "type", "4", "and", "type", "5", "civilizations", "whose", "influence", "stretches", "over", "galaxy", "clusters", "or", "superclusters", "," ]	[ 1, 2, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
Ultimately, there might be a type omega civilization, able to manipulate the entire universe and possibly others.	[ { "end": 10, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 17, "label": "形式主语", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 23, "label": "助动词", "start": 18, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "系动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 112, "label": "主语", "start": 27, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 5 } ]	[ "Ultimately", ",", "there", "might", "be", "a", "type", "omega", "civilization", ",", "able", "to", "manipulate", "the", "entire", "universe", "and", "possibly", "others", "." ]	[ 13, 0, 3, 15, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]
Type omega civilizations might be the actual creators of our universe for reasons beyond our comprehension.	[ { "end": 23, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 29, "label": "助动词", "start": 25, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 32, "label": "系动词", "start": 31, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 68, "label": "表语", "start": 34, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 105, "label": "状语", "start": 70, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 11 } ]	[ "Type", "omega", "civilizations", "might", "be", "the", "actual", "creators", "of", "our", "universe", "for", "reasons", "beyond", "our", "comprehension", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
Maybe they were just bored.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "表语", "start": 16, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "Maybe", "they", "were", "just", "bored", "." ]	[ 13, 1, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]
As flawed as this classification may be, this thought experiment is already telling us interesting things.	[ { "end": 38, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 63, "label": "主语", "start": 41, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 66, "label": "助动词", "start": 65, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 74, "label": "状语", "start": 68, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 82, "label": "动词现在分词", "start": 76, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 85, "label": "间接宾语", "start": 84, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 104, "label": "直接宾语", "start": 87, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 15 } ]	[ "As", "flawed", "as", "this", "classification", "may", "be", ",", "this", "thought", "experiment", "is", "already", "telling", "us", "interesting", "things", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 15, 13, 27, 9, 7, 8, 0 ]
then we can be pretty sure that there are no civilizations of type 3 and beyond near the Milky Way.	[ { "end": 7, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 11, "label": "助动词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 98, "label": "表语", "start": 15, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "then", "we", "can", "be", "pretty", "sure", "that", "there", "are", "no", "civilizations", "of", "type", "3", "and", "beyond", "near", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
Their influence would in all likelihood be so all-encompassing and their technology so far above our own that we couldn't miss them.	[ { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 21, "label": "助动词", "start": 16, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 39, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 42, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 43, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 131, "label": "并列句", "start": 67, "token_end": 24, "token_start": 12 } ]	[ "Their", "influence", "would", "in", "all", "likelihood", "be", "so", "all", "-", "encompassing", "and", "their", "technology", "so", "far", "above", "our", "own", "that", "we", "could", "n't", "miss", "them", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 15, 13, 14, 14, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
The galaxies should flash with their activity in thousands of star systems.	[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 13, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "动词原形", "start": 20, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 73, "label": "状语", "start": 26, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "The", "galaxies", "should", "flash", "with", "their", "activity", "in", "thousands", "of", "star", "systems", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
We should be able to see or detect their artifacts or movements between different parts of their empire.	[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 103, "label": "并列句", "start": 28, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "We", "should", "be", "able", "to", "see", "or", "detect", "their", "artifacts", "or", "movements", "between", "different", "parts", "of", "their", "empire", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
Even if a type 3 civilization did exist in the past and died a mysterious death, we should be able to detect some of the remnants of their empire.	[ { "end": 79, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 83, "label": "主语", "start": 81, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 17 }, { "end": 90, "label": "助动词", "start": 84, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 18 }, { "end": 101, "label": "半助动词", "start": 91, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 19 }, { "end": 108, "label": "动词原形", "start": 102, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 22 }, { "end": 145, "label": "宾语", "start": 109, "token_end": 29, "token_start": 23 } ]	[ "Even", "if", "a", "type", "3", "civilization", "did", "exist", "in", "the", "past", "and", "died", "a", "mysterious", "death", ",", "we", "should", "be", "able", "to", "detect", "some", "of", "the", "remnants", "of", "their", "empire", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
But when scientists looked, they didn't find remnants of harvested stars, decaying megastructures or scars of great interstellar wars.	[ { "end": 26, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 32, "label": "主语", "start": 28, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "助动词", "start": 33, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 39, "label": "否定词", "start": 36, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 44, "label": "动词原形", "start": 40, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 133, "label": "宾语", "start": 45, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "But", "when", "scientists", "looked", ",", "they", "did", "n't", "find", "remnants", "of", "harvested", "stars", ",", "decaying", "megastructures", "or", "scars", "of", "great", "interstellar", "wars", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 37, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
So they're very likely not out there and never were.	[ { "end": 7, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "系动词", "start": 7, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "表语", "start": 11, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "否定词", "start": 23, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "状语", "start": 27, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 51, "label": "并列句", "start": 41, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "So", "they", "'re", "very", "likely", "not", "out", "there", "and", "never", "were", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 37, 13, 14, 0, 41, 42, 0 ]
In a sense, this is very sad but also very reassuring.	[ { "end": 9, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 12, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 18, "label": "系动词", "start": 17, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 52, "label": "表语", "start": 20, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 6 } ]	[ "In", "a", "sense", ",", "this", "is", "very", "sad", "but", "also", "very", "reassuring", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
It leaves the galaxy to us and others similar to us.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "宾语", "start": 10, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 50, "label": "状语", "start": 21, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "It", "leaves", "the", "galaxy", "to", "us", "and", "others", "similar", "to", "us", "." ]	[ 1, 25, 5, 6, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]
So the most promising civilizations to look for may be somewhere in the spectrum from type 1.5 to type 2.5.	[ { "end": 47, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 51, "label": "助动词", "start": 48, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 54, "label": "系动词", "start": 52, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 106, "label": "表语", "start": 55, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 10 } ]	[ "So", "the", "most", "promising", "civilizations", "to", "look", "for", "may", "be", "somewhere", "in", "the", "spectrum", "from", "type", "1.5", "to", "type", "2.5", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
They wouldn't be too advanced to understand them and their motives.	[ { "end": 3, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 12, "label": "否定词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 15, "label": "系动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 65, "label": "表语", "start": 17, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 4 } ]	[ "They", "would", "n't", "be", "too", "advanced", "to", "understand", "them", "and", "their", "motives", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 37, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
They may have finished their first megastructures and they might be in the process of moving stuff	[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "助动词", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 49, "label": "宾语", "start": 23, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 98, "label": "并列句", "start": 54, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "They", "may", "have", "finished", "their", "first", "megastructures", "and", "they", "might", "be", "in", "the", "process", "of", "moving", "stuff" ]	[ 1, 15, 15, 29, 5, 6, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42 ]
They would probably also look to the stars and look for others.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "动词原形", "start": 25, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 42, "label": "状语", "start": 30, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 62, "label": "并列句", "start": 47, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 9 } ]	[ "They", "would", "probably", "also", "look", "to", "the", "stars", "and", "look", "for", "others", "." ]	[ 1, 15, 13, 13, 19, 13, 14, 14, 0, 41, 42, 42, 0 ]
Then again, maybe we've got it all wrong.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "状语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 17, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 18, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 23, "label": "助动词", "start": 20, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 24, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 30, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 40, "label": "补语", "start": 31, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "Then", "again", ",", "maybe", "we", "'ve", "got", "it", "all", "wrong", "." ]	[ 13, 13, 0, 13, 1, 15, 29, 5, 33, 34, 0 ]
Maybe progress to type 2 does not mean expanding outwards and humanity is still too immature to imagine otherwise.	[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 24, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 29, "label": "助动词", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 33, "label": "否定词", "start": 30, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 38, "label": "动词原形", "start": 34, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 57, "label": "宾语", "start": 39, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 113, "label": "并列句", "start": 62, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 11 } ]	[ "Maybe", "progress", "to", "type", "2", "does", "not", "mean", "expanding", "outwards", "and", "humanity", "is", "still", "too", "immature", "to", "imagine", "otherwise", "." ]	[ 13, 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 37, 19, 5, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
For now, all we really know is that we haven't seen anybody yet.	[ { "end": 6, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 26, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "系动词", "start": 28, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 31, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 8 } ]	[ "For", "now", ",", "all", "we", "really", "know", "is", "that", "we", "have", "n't", "seen", "anybody", "yet", "." ]	[ 13, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
But we've only just started looking.	[ { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 20, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 35, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 } ]	[ "But", "we", "'ve", "only", "just", "started", "looking", "." ]	[ 0, 1, 15, 13, 14, 23, 5, 0 ]
or if you're just entering a new phase in your life, our shop is stocked and ready for all your back to school needs.	[ { "end": 51, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 61, "label": "主语", "start": 53, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 64, "label": "系动词", "start": 62, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 116, "label": "表语", "start": 65, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 16 } ]	[ "or", "if", "you", "'re", "just", "entering", "a", "new", "phase", "in", "your", "life", ",", "our", "shop", "is", "stocked", "and", "ready", "for", "all", "your", "back", "to", "school", "needs", "." ]	[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
We have new shirts and, for the first time, a Kurzgesagt earth sweater.	[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 69, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "We", "have", "new", "shirts", "and", ",", "for", "the", "first", "time", ",", "a", "Kurzgesagt", "earth", "sweater", "." ]	[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]
All of these products are designed and produced with love by the Kurzgesagt merch burbs.	[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "助动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 34, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 26, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 87, "label": "并列句", "start": 39, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 7 } ]	[ "All", "of", "these", "products", "are", "designed", "and", "produced", "with", "love", "by", "the", "Kurzgesagt", "merch", "burbs", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 29, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]
Our merch is the easiest way to support what we do and keep our videos free for everyone.	[ { "end": 8, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 11, "label": "系动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 87, "label": "表语", "start": 13, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 3 } ]	[ "Our", "merch", "is", "the", "easiest", "way", "to", "support", "what", "we", "do", "and", "keep", "our", "videos", "free", "for", "everyone", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]
Thank you for watching.	[ { "end": 4, "label": "动词原形", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "宾语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 21, "label": "状语", "start": 10, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 } ]	[ "Thank", "you", "for", "watching", "." ]	[ 19, 5, 13, 14, 0 ]
The world we live in feels normal, ordinary.	[ { "end": 19, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "系动词", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 42, "label": "表语", "start": 27, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 6 } ]	[ "The", "world", "we", "live", "in", "feels", "normal", ",", "ordinary", "." ]	[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 0 ]

The observable universe is a big place that's been around for more than 13 billion years.

[ { "end": 22, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "系动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 87, "label": "表语", "start": 27, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "The", "observable", "universe", "is", "a", "big", "place", "that", "'s", "been", "around", "for", "more", "than", "13", "billion", "years", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

Up to 2 trillion galaxies, made up of something like 20,000 billion billion stars, surround our home galaxy.

[ { "end": 81, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 91, "label": "动词原形", "start": 83, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 16 }, { "end": 107, "label": "宾语", "start": 92, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 17 } ]

[ "Up", "to", "2", "trillion", "galaxies", ",", "made", "up", "of", "something", "like", "20,000", "billion", "billion", "stars", ",", "surround", "our", "home", "galaxy", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0, 19, 5, 6, 6, 0 ]

In the Milky Way alone, scientists assume there are some 40 billion Earth-like planets in the habitable zone of their stars.

[ { "end": 22, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 34, "label": "主语", "start": 24, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 41, "label": "动词原形", "start": 35, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 123, "label": "宾语", "start": 42, "token_end": 23, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "In", "the", "Milky", "Way", "alone", ",", "scientists", "assume", "there", "are", "some", "40", "billion", "Earth", "-", "like", "planets", "in", "the", "habitable", "zone", "of", "their", "stars", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

When we look at these numbers, it's hard to imagine that there is nobody else out there.

[ { "end": 29, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 33, "label": "形式主语", "start": 31, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 35, "label": "系动词", "start": 33, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 40, "label": "表语", "start": 36, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 87, "label": "主语", "start": 41, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "When", "we", "look", "at", "these", "numbers", ",", "it", "'s", "hard", "to", "imagine", "that", "there", "is", "nobody", "else", "out", "there", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 3, 21, 11, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

It would change our perception of ourselves forever if we found others.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "动词原形", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 42, "label": "宾语", "start": 16, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 50, "label": "状语", "start": 44, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 69, "label": "状语", "start": 52, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "It", "would", "change", "our", "perception", "of", "ourselves", "forever", "if", "we", "found", "others", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Just knowing that this vast place is not dead would shift our perspective outwards and could help us get over our irrelevant quarrels.

[ { "end": 45, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 51, "label": "助动词", "start": 46, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 57, "label": "动词原形", "start": 52, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 73, "label": "宾语", "start": 58, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 82, "label": "状语", "start": 74, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 133, "label": "并列句", "start": 87, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 15 } ]

[ "Just", "knowing", "that", "this", "vast", "place", "is", "not", "dead", "would", "shift", "our", "perspective", "outwards", "and", "could", "help", "us", "get", "over", "our", "irrelevant", "quarrels", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 19, 5, 6, 13, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

But before looking for our new best friends or worst enemies, we have a problem to solve.

[ { "end": 60, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 64, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 69, "label": "动词原形", "start": 65, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 88, "label": "宾语", "start": 70, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 14 } ]

[ "But", "before", "looking", "for", "our", "new", "best", "friends", "or", "worst", "enemies", ",", "we", "have", "a", "problem", "to", "solve", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

What are we actually looking for?

[ { "end": 3, "label": "宾语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 31, "label": "动词成语", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "What", "are", "we", "actually", "looking", "for", "?" ]

[ 5, 15, 1, 13, 31, 32, 0 ]

In a universe that big and old, we have to assume that civilizations start millions of years apart from each other and develop in different directions and speeds.

[ { "end": 30, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 34, "label": "主语", "start": 32, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 42, "label": "半助动词", "start": 35, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 49, "label": "动词原形", "start": 43, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 161, "label": "宾语", "start": 50, "token_end": 28, "token_start": 12 } ]

[ "In", "a", "universe", "that", "big", "and", "old", ",", "we", "have", "to", "assume", "that", "civilizations", "start", "millions", "of", "years", "apart", "from", "each", "other", "and", "develop", "in", "different", "directions", "and", "speeds", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 17, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

So not only are we looking over distances of dozens to hundreds of thousands of light years, we're looking for a civilization ranging from cavemen to super-advanced.

[ { "end": 95, "label": "主语", "start": 93, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 18 }, { "end": 98, "label": "助动词", "start": 95, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 19 }, { "end": 110, "label": "动词成语", "start": 99, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 20 }, { "end": 164, "label": "宾语", "start": 111, "token_end": 30, "token_start": 22 } ]

[ "So", "not", "only", "are", "we", "looking", "over", "distances", "of", "dozens", "to", "hundreds", "of", "thousands", "of", "light", "years", ",", "we", "'re", "looking", "for", "a", "civilization", "ranging", "from", "cavemen", "to", "super", "-", "advanced", "." ]

[ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 15, 31, 32, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

So we need a conceptual framework to enable us to think better thoughts that make us able to search better.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "动词原形", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 106, "label": "宾语", "start": 11, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "So", "we", "need", "a", "conceptual", "framework", "to", "enable", "us", "to", "think", "better", "thoughts", "that", "make", "us", "able", "to", "search", "better", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

Are there universal rules that intelligent species follow?

[ { "end": 3, "label": "系动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "形式主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 57, "label": "主语", "start": 10, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "Are", "there", "universal", "rules", "that", "intelligent", "species", "follow", "?" ]

[ 21, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

Currently, our civilization sample size is only one, so we may make incorrect assumptions based solely on ourselves.

[ { "end": 8, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 38, "label": "主语", "start": 11, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 41, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 50, "label": "表语", "start": 43, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 114, "label": "状语", "start": 53, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "Currently", ",", "our", "civilization", "sample", "size", "is", "only", "one", ",", "so", "we", "may", "make", "incorrect", "assumptions", "based", "solely", "on", "ourselves", "." ]

[ 13, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

We know that humans started out with nothing but minds and hands that could build tools.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 87, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "We", "know", "that", "humans", "started", "out", "with", "nothing", "but", "minds", "and", "hands", "that", "could", "build", "tools", "." ]

[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

We know that humans are curious, competitive, greedy for resources, and expansionist.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 7, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 84, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "We", "know", "that", "humans", "are", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "for", "resources", ",", "and", "expansionist", "." ]

[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

The more of these qualities our ancestors had, the more successful they were in the civilization-building game.

[ { "end": 44, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 65, "label": "表语", "start": 47, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 70, "label": "主语", "start": 67, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 75, "label": "系动词", "start": 72, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 109, "label": "状语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 14 } ]

[ "The", "more", "of", "these", "qualities", "our", "ancestors", "had", ",", "the", "more", "successful", "they", "were", "in", "the", "civilization", "-", "building", "game", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 11, 12, 12, 1, 21, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Being one with nature is nice, but it's not the path to irrigation systems or gunpowder or cities.

[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 24, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 29, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 97, "label": "并列句", "start": 35, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "Being", "one", "with", "nature", "is", "nice", ",", "but", "it", "'s", "not", "the", "path", "to", "irrigation", "systems", "or", "gunpowder", "or", "cities", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

So it's reasonable to assume that aliens able to take over their home planet also have these qualities.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "形式主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 7, "label": "系动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "表语", "start": 8, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 102, "label": "主语", "start": 19, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "So", "it", "'s", "reasonable", "to", "assume", "that", "aliens", "able", "to", "take", "over", "their", "home", "planet", "also", "have", "these", "qualities", "." ]

[ 0, 3, 21, 11, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

And if aliens have to follow the same laws of physics, then there is a measurable metric for progress.

[ { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 55, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 65, "label": "形式主语", "start": 60, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 68, "label": "系动词", "start": 66, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 101, "label": "主语", "start": 69, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 15 } ]

[ "And", "if", "aliens", "have", "to", "follow", "the", "same", "laws", "of", "physics", ",", "then", "there", "is", "a", "measurable", "metric", "for", "progress", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

Human progress can be measured very precisely by how much energy we extracted from our environment and how we made it usable to do things.

[ { "end": 13, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 17, "label": "助动词", "start": 15, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 20, "label": "助动词", "start": 19, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 44, "label": "状语", "start": 31, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 136, "label": "状语", "start": 46, "token_end": 24, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "Human", "progress", "can", "be", "measured", "very", "precisely", "by", "how", "much", "energy", "we", "extracted", "from", "our", "environment", "and", "how", "we", "made", "it", "usable", "to", "do", "things", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 15, 15, 29, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

We started with muscles until we learned to control fire.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 22, "label": "状语", "start": 11, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 55, "label": "状语", "start": 24, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "We", "started", "with", "muscles", "until", "we", "learned", "to", "control", "fire", "." ]

[ 1, 23, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Then we made machines that used kinetic energy from water and wind.

[ { "end": 3, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 11, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 65, "label": "宾语", "start": 13, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "Then", "we", "made", "machines", "that", "used", "kinetic", "energy", "from", "water", "and", "wind", "." ]

[ 13, 1, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

As our machines got better and our knowledge of materials expanded, we began to harness the concentrated energy from dead plants we dug up from the ground.

[ { "end": 66, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 70, "label": "主语", "start": 68, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 76, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 71, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 154, "label": "宾语", "start": 77, "token_end": 27, "token_start": 14 } ]

[ "As", "our", "machines", "got", "better", "and", "our", "knowledge", "of", "materials", "expanded", ",", "we", "began", "to", "harness", "the", "concentrated", "energy", "from", "dead", "plants", "we", "dug", "up", "from", "the", "ground", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

As our energy consumption grew exponentially, so did the abilities of our civilization.

[ { "end": 43, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 47, "label": "状语", "start": 46, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 51, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 49, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 85, "label": "主语", "start": 53, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "As", "our", "energy", "consumption", "grew", "exponentially", ",", "so", "did", "the", "abilities", "of", "our", "civilization", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 23, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

Between 1800 and 2015, population size had increased sevenfold while humanity was consuming 25 times more energy.

[ { "end": 20, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 37, "label": "主语", "start": 23, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 41, "label": "助动词", "start": 39, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 51, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 43, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 61, "label": "状语", "start": 53, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 111, "label": "状语", "start": 63, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "Between", "1800", "and", "2015", ",", "population", "size", "had", "increased", "sevenfold", "while", "humanity", "was", "consuming", "25", "times", "more", "energy", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 15, 29, 13, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

It's likely that this process will continue into the far future.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 4, "label": "系动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 63, "label": "表语", "start": 5, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "It", "'s", "likely", "that", "this", "process", "will", "continue", "into", "the", "far", "future", "." ]

[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

Based on these facts, scientist Nikolai Kardashev developed a method of categorizing civilizations from cave dwellers to gods ruling over galaxies.

[ { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 48, "label": "主语", "start": 22, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 58, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 50, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 145, "label": "宾语", "start": 60, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "Based", "on", "these", "facts", ",", "scientist", "Nikolai", "Kardashev", "developed", "a", "method", "of", "categorizing", "civilizations", "from", "cave", "dwellers", "to", "gods", "ruling", "over", "galaxies", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 23, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

The scale has been refined and expanded on over the decades, but in general it puts civilizations into four different categories.

[ { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 13, "label": "助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 19, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 59, "label": "并列句", "start": 31, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 128, "label": "并列句", "start": 65, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 13 } ]

[ "The", "scale", "has", "been", "refined", "and", "expanded", "on", "over", "the", "decades", ",", "but", "in", "general", "it", "puts", "civilizations", "into", "four", "different", "categories", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 15, 15, 29, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

A type 1 civilization is able to use the available energy of their home planet.

[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 77, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "A", "type", "1", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "home", "planet", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

A type 2 civilization is able to use the available energy of their star and planetary system.

[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 91, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "A", "type", "2", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "star", "and", "planetary", "system", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

A type 3 civilization is able to use the available energy of their galaxy.

[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 72, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "A", "type", "3", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "their", "galaxy", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

A type 4 civilization is able to use the available energy of multiple galaxies.

[ { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "系动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 77, "label": "表语", "start": 25, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "A", "type", "4", "civilization", "is", "able", "to", "use", "the", "available", "energy", "of", "multiple", "galaxies", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

These levels differ by orders of magnitude.

[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 13, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "These", "levels", "differ", "by", "orders", "of", "magnitude", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

It's like comparing an ant colony to a human metropolitan area.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 4, "label": "系动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 5, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "It", "'s", "like", "comparing", "an", "ant", "colony", "to", "a", "human", "metropolitan", "area", "." ]

[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

To ants, we are so complex and powerful, we might as well be gods.

[ { "end": 6, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 64, "label": "表语", "start": 16, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "To", "ants", ",", "we", "are", "so", "complex", "and", "powerful", ",", "we", "might", "as", "well", "be", "gods", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

So to make the scale more useful, we need subcategories.

[ { "end": 32, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 36, "label": "主语", "start": 34, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 41, "label": "动词原形", "start": 37, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 55, "label": "宾语", "start": 42, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "So", "to", "make", "the", "scale", "more", "useful", ",", "we", "need", "subcategories", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 19, 5, 0 ]

On the lower end of the spectrum, there are type 0 to type 1 civilizations.

[ { "end": 32, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 39, "label": "形式主语", "start": 34, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 43, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 74, "label": "主语", "start": 44, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "On", "the", "lower", "end", "of", "the", "spectrum", ",", "there", "are", "type", "0", "to", "type", "1", "civilizations", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

These might actually be abundant in the Milky Way.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "系动词", "start": 21, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 31, "label": "表语", "start": 24, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 48, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "These", "might", "actually", "be", "abundant", "in", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 13, 21, 11, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

But a civilization that is not actively transmitting radio signals into space might be as close as our nearest stellar neighbor,

[ { "end": 77, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 83, "label": "助动词", "start": 78, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 86, "label": "系动词", "start": 84, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 127, "label": "表语", "start": 87, "token_end": 20, "token_start": 14 } ]

[ "But", "a", "civilization", "that", "is", "not", "actively", "transmitting", "radio", "signals", "into", "space", "might", "be", "as", "close", "as", "our", "nearest", "stellar", "neighbor", "," ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

But even if they transmitted radio signals like we do, it might not be very helpful.

[ { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 57, "label": "主语", "start": 55, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 63, "label": "助动词", "start": 58, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 67, "label": "否定词", "start": 64, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 70, "label": "系动词", "start": 68, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 83, "label": "表语", "start": 71, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 15 } ]

[ "But", "even", "if", "they", "transmitted", "radio", "signals", "like", "we", "do", ",", "it", "might", "not", "be", "very", "helpful", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 37, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]

On an interstellar scale, humanity is practically invisible.

[ { "end": 23, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 33, "label": "主语", "start": 26, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "系动词", "start": 35, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 58, "label": "表语", "start": 38, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "On", "an", "interstellar", "scale", ",", "humanity", "is", "practically", "invisible", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]

Our signals may extend over an impressive 200 light years, but this is only a tiny fraction of the Milky Way.

[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "助动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词原形", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 57, "label": "状语", "start": 23, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 108, "label": "并列句", "start": 63, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 12 } ]

[ "Our", "signals", "may", "extend", "over", "an", "impressive", "200", "light", "years", ",", "but", "this", "is", "only", "a", "tiny", "fraction", "of", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

And even if someone were listening, after a few light years, our signals decay into noise, impossible to identify as the source of an intelligent species.

[ { "end": 34, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 36, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 72, "label": "主语", "start": 61, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 78, "label": "动词原形", "start": 73, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 153, "label": "状语", "start": 79, "token_end": 28, "token_start": 16 } ]

[ "And", "even", "if", "someone", "were", "listening", ",", "after", "a", "few", "light", "years", ",", "our", "signals", "decay", "into", "noise", ",", "impossible", "to", "identify", "as", "the", "source", "of", "an", "intelligent", "species", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Today, humanity ranks at about level 0.75.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 7, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 21, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "Today", ",", "humanity", "ranks", "at", "about", "level", "0.75", "." ]

[ 13, 0, 1, 25, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

We have altered our planet.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "宾语", "start": 16, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "We", "have", "altered", "our", "planet", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 0 ]

We've created huge structures, mined and stripped mountains, removed rainforests and drained swamps.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 5, "label": "助动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 29, "label": "宾语", "start": 14, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "We", "'ve", "created", "huge", "structures", ",", "mined", "and", "stripped", "mountains", ",", "removed", "rainforests", "and", "drained", "swamps", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

We've created rivers and lakes and changed the composition and temperature of the atmosphere.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 5, "label": "助动词", "start": 2, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 30, "label": "宾语", "start": 14, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 92, "label": "并列句", "start": 35, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "We", "'ve", "created", "rivers", "and", "lakes", "and", "changed", "the", "composition", "and", "temperature", "of", "the", "atmosphere", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 29, 5, 6, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

If progress continues, and we don't make Earth uninhabitable, we will become a full type 1 civilization in the next few hundred years.

[ { "end": 59, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 63, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 68, "label": "助动词", "start": 65, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 75, "label": "系动词", "start": 70, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 102, "label": "表语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 132, "label": "状语", "start": 104, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 20 } ]

[ "If", "progress", "continues", ",", "and", "we", "do", "n't", "make", "Earth", "uninhabitable", ",", "we", "will", "become", "a", "full", "type", "1", "civilization", "in", "the", "next", "few", "hundred", "years", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Any civilization that becomes a type 1 is bound to look outside because it's likely that it's still curious, competitive, greedy and expansionist.

[ { "end": 38, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 41, "label": "系动词", "start": 39, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 63, "label": "表语", "start": 42, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 145, "label": "状语", "start": 64, "token_end": 26, "token_start": 12 } ]

[ "Any", "civilization", "that", "becomes", "a", "type", "1", "is", "bound", "to", "look", "outside", "because", "it", "'s", "likely", "that", "it", "'s", "still", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "and", "expansionist", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

The next reasonable step towards transitioning to type 2 is trying to alter and mine other planets and bodies.

[ { "end": 56, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 59, "label": "助动词", "start": 57, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 66, "label": "动词现在分词", "start": 60, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 109, "label": "宾语", "start": 67, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 11 } ]

[ "The", "next", "reasonable", "step", "towards", "transitioning", "to", "type", "2", "is", "trying", "to", "alter", "and", "mine", "other", "planets", "and", "bodies", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 27, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

This might start with outposts in space, transition to infrastructure and industries near the home planet,

[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 16, "label": "动词原形", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 39, "label": "状语", "start": 17, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "This", "might", "start", "with", "outposts", "in", "space", ",", "transition", "to", "infrastructure", "and", "industries", "near", "the", "home", "planet", "," ]

[ 1, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

As a civilization expands and uses more and more stuff and space, its energy consumption scales with them.

[ { "end": 63, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 87, "label": "主语", "start": 66, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 94, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 89, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 16 }, { "end": 104, "label": "状语", "start": 96, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 17 } ]

[ "As", "a", "civilization", "expands", "and", "uses", "more", "and", "more", "stuff", "and", "space", ",", "its", "energy", "consumption", "scales", "with", "them", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 25, 13, 14, 0 ]

So, at some point, they may embark on the largest project a lower type 2 civilization can take on, harnessing the energy of their star by building a Dyson swarm.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 16, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "主语", "start": 19, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 26, "label": "助动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 33, "label": "动词原形", "start": 28, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 159, "label": "状语", "start": 35, "token_end": 32, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "So", ",", "at", "some", "point", ",", "they", "may", "embark", "on", "the", "largest", "project", "a", "lower", "type", "2", "civilization", "can", "take", "on", ",", "harnessing", "the", "energy", "of", "their", "star", "by", "building", "a", "Dyson", "swarm", "." ]

[ 13, 0, 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Once this megastructure is finished, energy has become practically unlimited for molding the home system however they see fit.

[ { "end": 34, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 42, "label": "主语", "start": 37, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 46, "label": "助动词", "start": 44, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 53, "label": "系动词", "start": 48, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 75, "label": "表语", "start": 55, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 124, "label": "状语", "start": 77, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 11 } ]

[ "Once", "this", "megastructure", "is", "finished", ",", "energy", "has", "become", "practically", "unlimited", "for", "molding", "the", "home", "system", "however", "they", "see", "fit", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

If they are still curious, competitive, greedy and expansionist,

[ { "end": 1, "label": "连词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "系动词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 16, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 18, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "If", "they", "are", "still", "curious", ",", "competitive", ",", "greedy", "and", "expansionist", "," ]

[ 0, 1, 21, 13, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

the next frontier moves to other stars light years away.

[ { "end": 16, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 18, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 54, "label": "状语", "start": 24, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "the", "next", "frontier", "moves", "to", "other", "stars", "light", "years", "away", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 25, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

For a type 2 civilization, the distance to other stars might feel like the distance between Earth and Pluto does to us today.

[ { "end": 25, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 54, "label": "主语", "start": 27, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 60, "label": "助动词", "start": 55, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 65, "label": "系动词", "start": 61, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 124, "label": "表语", "start": 66, "token_end": 23, "token_start": 13 } ]

[ "For", "a", "type", "2", "civilization", ",", "the", "distance", "to", "other", "stars", "might", "feel", "like", "the", "distance", "between", "Earth", "and", "Pluto", "does", "to", "us", "today", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

This begins their transition towards type 3.

[ { "end": 3, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 42, "label": "宾语", "start": 12, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "This", "begins", "their", "transition", "towards", "type", "3", "." ]

[ 1, 25, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

This step is so far beyond us that it becomes hard to imagine what exactly these challenges will look like and how they'll be solved.

[ { "end": 8, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 11, "label": "系动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 131, "label": "表语", "start": 13, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "This", "step", "is", "so", "far", "beyond", "us", "that", "it", "becomes", "hard", "to", "imagine", "what", "exactly", "these", "challenges", "will", "look", "like", "and", "how", "they", "'ll", "be", "solved", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

Will they be able to find a solution to the vast distances and travel times of hundreds or thousands of years?

[ { "end": 4, "label": "助动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 109, "label": "宾语", "start": 26, "token_end": 20, "token_start": 6 } ]

[ "Will", "they", "be", "able", "to", "find", "a", "solution", "to", "the", "vast", "distances", "and", "travel", "times", "of", "hundreds", "or", "thousands", "of", "years", "?" ]

[ 15, 1, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

Will they be able to communicate and keep a shared culture and biology between colonies light years apart?

[ { "end": 4, "label": "助动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 32, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 105, "label": "并列句", "start": 37, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "Will", "they", "be", "able", "to", "communicate", "and", "keep", "a", "shared", "culture", "and", "biology", "between", "colonies", "light", "years", "apart", "?" ]

[ 15, 1, 17, 18, 18, 19, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

Or will they split into separate type 2 civilizations?

[ { "end": 7, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 12, "label": "主语", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 13, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 53, "label": "状语", "start": 19, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "Or", "will", "they", "split", "into", "separate", "type", "2", "civilizations", "?" ]

[ 0, 15, 1, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Are there deadly challenges between the stars?

[ { "end": 3, "label": "系动词", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "形式主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 45, "label": "主语", "start": 10, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "Are", "there", "deadly", "challenges", "between", "the", "stars", "?" ]

[ 21, 3, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

So the closer a species gets to type 3, the harder it becomes to fathom what it might actually look like.

[ { "end": 38, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 50, "label": "表语", "start": 40, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 10 }, { "end": 53, "label": "形式主语", "start": 51, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 61, "label": "系动词", "start": 54, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 104, "label": "主语", "start": 62, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 14 } ]

[ "So", "the", "closer", "a", "species", "gets", "to", "type", "3", ",", "the", "harder", "it", "becomes", "to", "fathom", "what", "it", "might", "actually", "look", "like", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 11, 12, 3, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

They might discover new physics, may understand and control dark matter and energy, or be able to travel faster than light.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "动词原形", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 31, "label": "宾语", "start": 20, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 82, "label": "并列句", "start": 33, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 122, "label": "并列句", "start": 87, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 16 } ]

[ "They", "might", "discover", "new", "physics", ",", "may", "understand", "and", "control", "dark", "matter", "and", "energy", ",", "or", "be", "able", "to", "travel", "faster", "than", "light", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 19, 5, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

We might be unable to grasp their motives, technology and actions.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 21, "label": "半助动词", "start": 9, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词原形", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 65, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 6 } ]

[ "We", "might", "be", "unable", "to", "grasp", "their", "motives", ",", "technology", "and", "actions", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

Humans are the ants, trying to understand the galactic metropolitan area.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "系动词", "start": 7, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 18, "label": "表语", "start": 11, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 71, "label": "状语", "start": 21, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "Humans", "are", "the", "ants", ",", "trying", "to", "understand", "the", "galactic", "metropolitan", "area", "." ]

[ 1, 21, 11, 12, 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

A high type 2 civilization might already consider humanity too primitive to even talk to.

[ { "end": 26, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 32, "label": "助动词", "start": 27, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 40, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 49, "label": "动词原形", "start": 41, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 58, "label": "宾语", "start": 50, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 88, "label": "补语", "start": 59, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "A", "high", "type", "2", "civilization", "might", "already", "consider", "humanity", "too", "primitive", "to", "even", "talk", "to", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 13, 19, 5, 33, 34, 34, 34, 34, 34, 0 ]

A type 3 civilization might feel about us like we feel about the bacteria living on the ant hill.

[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 27, "label": "助动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 32, "label": "动词原形", "start": 28, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 41, "label": "状语", "start": 33, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 96, "label": "状语", "start": 42, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "A", "type", "3", "civilization", "might", "feel", "about", "us", "like", "we", "feel", "about", "the", "bacteria", "living", "on", "the", "ant", "hill", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Maybe they wouldn't even consider us conscious or our survival relevant.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 16, "label": "助动词", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "否定词", "start": 16, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 24, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 33, "label": "动词原形", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "宾语", "start": 34, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 46, "label": "补语", "start": 37, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "Maybe", "they", "would", "n't", "even", "consider", "us", "conscious", "or", "our", "survival", "relevant", "." ]

[ 13, 1, 15, 37, 13, 19, 5, 33, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ]

We could only pray that they're nice gods.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "状语", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 18, "label": "动词原形", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 41, "label": "宾语", "start": 19, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "We", "could", "only", "pray", "that", "they", "'re", "nice", "gods", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 13, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

But the scale doesn't necessarily end here.

[ { "end": 13, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 21, "label": "否定词", "start": 18, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 33, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 37, "label": "动词原形", "start": 34, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 42, "label": "状语", "start": 38, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "But", "the", "scale", "does", "n't", "necessarily", "end", "here", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 15, 37, 13, 19, 13, 0 ]

Some scientists suggest there might be type 4 and type 5 civilizations whose influence stretches over galaxy clusters or superclusters,

[ { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 23, "label": "动词原形", "start": 16, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 134, "label": "宾语", "start": 24, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "Some", "scientists", "suggest", "there", "might", "be", "type", "4", "and", "type", "5", "civilizations", "whose", "influence", "stretches", "over", "galaxy", "clusters", "or", "superclusters", "," ]

[ 1, 2, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

Ultimately, there might be a type omega civilization, able to manipulate the entire universe and possibly others.

[ { "end": 10, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 17, "label": "形式主语", "start": 12, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 23, "label": "助动词", "start": 18, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "系动词", "start": 24, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 112, "label": "主语", "start": 27, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 5 } ]

[ "Ultimately", ",", "there", "might", "be", "a", "type", "omega", "civilization", ",", "able", "to", "manipulate", "the", "entire", "universe", "and", "possibly", "others", "." ]

[ 13, 0, 3, 15, 21, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 0 ]

Type omega civilizations might be the actual creators of our universe for reasons beyond our comprehension.

[ { "end": 23, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 29, "label": "助动词", "start": 25, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 32, "label": "系动词", "start": 31, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 68, "label": "表语", "start": 34, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 105, "label": "状语", "start": 70, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 11 } ]

[ "Type", "omega", "civilizations", "might", "be", "the", "actual", "creators", "of", "our", "universe", "for", "reasons", "beyond", "our", "comprehension", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

Maybe they were just bored.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 25, "label": "表语", "start": 16, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "Maybe", "they", "were", "just", "bored", "." ]

[ 13, 1, 21, 11, 12, 0 ]

As flawed as this classification may be, this thought experiment is already telling us interesting things.

[ { "end": 38, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 63, "label": "主语", "start": 41, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 66, "label": "助动词", "start": 65, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 11 }, { "end": 74, "label": "状语", "start": 68, "token_end": 12, "token_start": 12 }, { "end": 82, "label": "动词现在分词", "start": 76, "token_end": 13, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 85, "label": "间接宾语", "start": 84, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 14 }, { "end": 104, "label": "直接宾语", "start": 87, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 15 } ]

[ "As", "flawed", "as", "this", "classification", "may", "be", ",", "this", "thought", "experiment", "is", "already", "telling", "us", "interesting", "things", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 15, 13, 27, 9, 7, 8, 0 ]

then we can be pretty sure that there are no civilizations of type 3 and beyond near the Milky Way.

[ { "end": 7, "label": "主语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 11, "label": "助动词", "start": 8, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 14, "label": "系动词", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 98, "label": "表语", "start": 15, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "then", "we", "can", "be", "pretty", "sure", "that", "there", "are", "no", "civilizations", "of", "type", "3", "and", "beyond", "near", "the", "Milky", "Way", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

Their influence would in all likelihood be so all-encompassing and their technology so far above our own that we couldn't miss them.

[ { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 21, "label": "助动词", "start": 16, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 39, "label": "状语", "start": 22, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 42, "label": "系动词", "start": 40, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 43, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 131, "label": "并列句", "start": 67, "token_end": 24, "token_start": 12 } ]

[ "Their", "influence", "would", "in", "all", "likelihood", "be", "so", "all", "-", "encompassing", "and", "their", "technology", "so", "far", "above", "our", "own", "that", "we", "could", "n't", "miss", "them", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 15, 13, 14, 14, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

The galaxies should flash with their activity in thousands of star systems.

[ { "end": 11, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 18, "label": "助动词", "start": 13, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "动词原形", "start": 20, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 73, "label": "状语", "start": 26, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "The", "galaxies", "should", "flash", "with", "their", "activity", "in", "thousands", "of", "star", "systems", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 15, 19, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

We should be able to see or detect their artifacts or movements between different parts of their empire.

[ { "end": 2, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 20, "label": "半助动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "动词原形", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 103, "label": "并列句", "start": 28, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "We", "should", "be", "able", "to", "see", "or", "detect", "their", "artifacts", "or", "movements", "between", "different", "parts", "of", "their", "empire", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

Even if a type 3 civilization did exist in the past and died a mysterious death, we should be able to detect some of the remnants of their empire.

[ { "end": 79, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 83, "label": "主语", "start": 81, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 17 }, { "end": 90, "label": "助动词", "start": 84, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 18 }, { "end": 101, "label": "半助动词", "start": 91, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 19 }, { "end": 108, "label": "动词原形", "start": 102, "token_end": 22, "token_start": 22 }, { "end": 145, "label": "宾语", "start": 109, "token_end": 29, "token_start": 23 } ]

[ "Even", "if", "a", "type", "3", "civilization", "did", "exist", "in", "the", "past", "and", "died", "a", "mysterious", "death", ",", "we", "should", "be", "able", "to", "detect", "some", "of", "the", "remnants", "of", "their", "empire", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 17, 18, 18, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

But when scientists looked, they didn't find remnants of harvested stars, decaying megastructures or scars of great interstellar wars.

[ { "end": 26, "label": "状语", "start": 4, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 32, "label": "主语", "start": 28, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "助动词", "start": 33, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 39, "label": "否定词", "start": 36, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 44, "label": "动词原形", "start": 40, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 133, "label": "宾语", "start": 45, "token_end": 21, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "But", "when", "scientists", "looked", ",", "they", "did", "n't", "find", "remnants", "of", "harvested", "stars", ",", "decaying", "megastructures", "or", "scars", "of", "great", "interstellar", "wars", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 15, 37, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

So they're very likely not out there and never were.

[ { "end": 7, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 10, "label": "系动词", "start": 7, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "表语", "start": 11, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 26, "label": "否定词", "start": 23, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 36, "label": "状语", "start": 27, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 51, "label": "并列句", "start": 41, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "So", "they", "'re", "very", "likely", "not", "out", "there", "and", "never", "were", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 37, 13, 14, 0, 41, 42, 0 ]

In a sense, this is very sad but also very reassuring.

[ { "end": 9, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 15, "label": "主语", "start": 12, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 18, "label": "系动词", "start": 17, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 52, "label": "表语", "start": 20, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 6 } ]

[ "In", "a", "sense", ",", "this", "is", "very", "sad", "but", "also", "very", "reassuring", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 14, 0, 1, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

It leaves the galaxy to us and others similar to us.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "动词第三人称单数", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "宾语", "start": 10, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 50, "label": "状语", "start": 21, "token_end": 10, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "It", "leaves", "the", "galaxy", "to", "us", "and", "others", "similar", "to", "us", "." ]

[ 1, 25, 5, 6, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0 ]

So the most promising civilizations to look for may be somewhere in the spectrum from type 1.5 to type 2.5.

[ { "end": 47, "label": "主语", "start": 3, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 51, "label": "助动词", "start": 48, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 54, "label": "系动词", "start": 52, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 9 }, { "end": 106, "label": "表语", "start": 55, "token_end": 19, "token_start": 10 } ]

[ "So", "the", "most", "promising", "civilizations", "to", "look", "for", "may", "be", "somewhere", "in", "the", "spectrum", "from", "type", "1.5", "to", "type", "2.5", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 15, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

They wouldn't be too advanced to understand them and their motives.

[ { "end": 3, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 12, "label": "否定词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 15, "label": "系动词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 65, "label": "表语", "start": 17, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 4 } ]

[ "They", "would", "n't", "be", "too", "advanced", "to", "understand", "them", "and", "their", "motives", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 37, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

They may have finished their first megastructures and they might be in the process of moving stuff

[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 13, "label": "助动词", "start": 9, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 22, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 14, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 49, "label": "宾语", "start": 23, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 98, "label": "并列句", "start": 54, "token_end": 16, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "They", "may", "have", "finished", "their", "first", "megastructures", "and", "they", "might", "be", "in", "the", "process", "of", "moving", "stuff" ]

[ 1, 15, 15, 29, 5, 6, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42 ]

They would probably also look to the stars and look for others.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "助动词", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 11, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 24, "label": "状语", "start": 20, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "动词原形", "start": 25, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 42, "label": "状语", "start": 30, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 62, "label": "并列句", "start": 47, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 9 } ]

[ "They", "would", "probably", "also", "look", "to", "the", "stars", "and", "look", "for", "others", "." ]

[ 1, 15, 13, 13, 19, 13, 14, 14, 0, 41, 42, 42, 0 ]

Then again, maybe we've got it all wrong.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 10, "label": "状语", "start": 5, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 17, "label": "状语", "start": 12, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 20, "label": "主语", "start": 18, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 23, "label": "助动词", "start": 20, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 24, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 30, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 40, "label": "补语", "start": 31, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "Then", "again", ",", "maybe", "we", "'ve", "got", "it", "all", "wrong", "." ]

[ 13, 13, 0, 13, 1, 15, 29, 5, 33, 34, 0 ]

Maybe progress to type 2 does not mean expanding outwards and humanity is still too immature to imagine otherwise.

[ { "end": 5, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 24, "label": "主语", "start": 6, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 29, "label": "助动词", "start": 25, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 33, "label": "否定词", "start": 30, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 }, { "end": 38, "label": "动词原形", "start": 34, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 57, "label": "宾语", "start": 39, "token_end": 9, "token_start": 8 }, { "end": 113, "label": "并列句", "start": 62, "token_end": 18, "token_start": 11 } ]

[ "Maybe", "progress", "to", "type", "2", "does", "not", "mean", "expanding", "outwards", "and", "humanity", "is", "still", "too", "immature", "to", "imagine", "otherwise", "." ]

[ 13, 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 37, 19, 5, 6, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

For now, all we really know is that we haven't seen anybody yet.

[ { "end": 6, "label": "状语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 26, "label": "主语", "start": 9, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 29, "label": "系动词", "start": 28, "token_end": 7, "token_start": 7 }, { "end": 62, "label": "表语", "start": 31, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 8 } ]

[ "For", "now", ",", "all", "we", "really", "know", "is", "that", "we", "have", "n't", "seen", "anybody", "yet", "." ]

[ 13, 14, 0, 1, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

But we've only just started looking.

[ { "end": 6, "label": "主语", "start": 4, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 9, "label": "助动词", "start": 6, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 19, "label": "状语", "start": 10, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 3 }, { "end": 27, "label": "动词过去式", "start": 20, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 35, "label": "宾语", "start": 28, "token_end": 6, "token_start": 6 } ]

[ "But", "we", "'ve", "only", "just", "started", "looking", "." ]

[ 0, 1, 15, 13, 14, 23, 5, 0 ]

or if you're just entering a new phase in your life, our shop is stocked and ready for all your back to school needs.

[ { "end": 51, "label": "状语", "start": 3, "token_end": 11, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 61, "label": "主语", "start": 53, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 13 }, { "end": 64, "label": "系动词", "start": 62, "token_end": 15, "token_start": 15 }, { "end": 116, "label": "表语", "start": 65, "token_end": 25, "token_start": 16 } ]

[ "or", "if", "you", "'re", "just", "entering", "a", "new", "phase", "in", "your", "life", ",", "our", "shop", "is", "stocked", "and", "ready", "for", "all", "your", "back", "to", "school", "needs", "." ]

[ 0, 13, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 14, 0, 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

We have new shirts and, for the first time, a Kurzgesagt earth sweater.

[ { "end": 1, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 6, "label": "动词原形", "start": 3, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 69, "label": "宾语", "start": 8, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "We", "have", "new", "shirts", "and", ",", "for", "the", "first", "time", ",", "a", "Kurzgesagt", "earth", "sweater", "." ]

[ 1, 19, 5, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 6, 0 ]

All of these products are designed and produced with love by the Kurzgesagt merch burbs.

[ { "end": 21, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "助动词", "start": 22, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 4 }, { "end": 34, "label": "动词过去分词", "start": 26, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 87, "label": "并列句", "start": 39, "token_end": 14, "token_start": 7 } ]

[ "All", "of", "these", "products", "are", "designed", "and", "produced", "with", "love", "by", "the", "Kurzgesagt", "merch", "burbs", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 15, 29, 0, 41, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 42, 0 ]

Our merch is the easiest way to support what we do and keep our videos free for everyone.

[ { "end": 8, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 11, "label": "系动词", "start": 10, "token_end": 2, "token_start": 2 }, { "end": 87, "label": "表语", "start": 13, "token_end": 17, "token_start": 3 } ]

[ "Our", "merch", "is", "the", "easiest", "way", "to", "support", "what", "we", "do", "and", "keep", "our", "videos", "free", "for", "everyone", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 12, 0 ]

Thank you for watching.

[ { "end": 4, "label": "动词原形", "start": 0, "token_end": 0, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 8, "label": "宾语", "start": 6, "token_end": 1, "token_start": 1 }, { "end": 21, "label": "状语", "start": 10, "token_end": 3, "token_start": 2 } ]

[ "Thank", "you", "for", "watching", "." ]

[ 19, 5, 13, 14, 0 ]

The world we live in feels normal, ordinary.

[ { "end": 19, "label": "主语", "start": 0, "token_end": 4, "token_start": 0 }, { "end": 25, "label": "系动词", "start": 21, "token_end": 5, "token_start": 5 }, { "end": 42, "label": "表语", "start": 27, "token_end": 8, "token_start": 6 } ]

[ "The", "world", "we", "live", "in", "feels", "normal", ",", "ordinary", "." ]

[ 1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 21, 11, 12, 12, 0 ]