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0.916568	How 3M is using Social Determinants of Health to provide actionable insights about community health crises Health outcomes aren’t determined only by the medications prescribed or consultations given in a provider’s office. 3M scientists helping the world get back outside 3M biochemists, bioprocess engineers, mechanical designers and other research scientists, 3M is finding rapid solutions. Here’s how 3M is helping the world fight COVID-19 Since the COVID-19 outbreak began, 3M has played an important role in helping the world respond to this global crisis. We are here to help Product support Get help using and locating our products. Regulatory View Safety Data Sheets & Compliance Requirements. Locations Find a plant location that is convenient for you. Contact us Need to get in touch with us? We’re all ears. Our commitments in action At 3M we are always in pursuit of solutions that make lives better. Sustainability Committing to achieve carbon neutrality, reduced water use and improved water quality 3M recently announced it expects to invest approximately $1 billion over the next 20 years to accelerate new environmental goals: achieve carbon neutrality by 2050, reduce water use by 25% at its facilities, and return higher quality water to the environment after use in manufacturing operations. Science How Josh Duhamel was chased by a bear while exploring 3M Science Actor Josh Duhamel recently teamed up with 3M to explore the return of baseball to Target Field, home of the Minnesota Twins. In a short video posted on 3M.com, Josh crisscrosses the stadium and points out how 3M Science has helped welcome back Twins fans this season. He also explains how that same science will be featured and used at this year’s 3M Open.
0.991529	Workplace expert, Acas, has updated its coronavirus guidance to cover best practice around how to handle returning to work. The coronavirus pandemic has seen calls to the Acas helpline increase by a third (34%) when compared to the same period the previous year. Acas Chief Executive, Susan Clews, said: "Covid19 has caused a lot of uncertainty in the workplace and our helpline has seen a record increase in calls from employers and employees wanting advice on how to handle changes to their work situation. "The government's advice is to continue to work from home if possible. But many employers and their staff may be concerned about the practicalities of physically going back to work. "Some people may also feel that they are unable to go back to work due to health, safety or childcare concerns. Our new advice includes guidance in these areas." Acas's advice is for employers and their staff to have early discussions about any plans to return to work and try to come to an agreement. These talks can take place with trade union or employee representatives and health and safety representatives, but all staff should be kept informed of plans and be able to feed into discussions. It is a good idea to talk about: when staff might return to the workplace how staff will travel to and from work how health and safety is being reviewed and managed, including sharing the latest risk assessment any planned adjustments to the workplace, for example additional hand washing facilities, staggering start and finish times to avoid overcrowding or floor markings to help people keep 2 metres apart if there might be a phased return of the workforce, for example some staff returning before others Wherever possible, employers should speak to staff before making a decision or putting plans in writing. This can help staff understand and feel included in decisions. Acas's new advice is clear that some people may not feel that they are able to return to work due to worries around catching the virus, childcare responsibilities, or they could be an extremely vulnerable person or live with someone who is. In any of these situations, an employer should listen to staff concerns. Some practical options to consider are: arrange for someone to work different hours temporarily to avoid peak time travel keep someone on furlough if they are temporarily unable to work offer extra car parking where possible so that people can avoid using public transport If none of these options are possible then it may be possible to take time off as holiday or unpaid leave but an employer does not have to agree to this. If someone refuses to attend work without a valid reason then it could result in disciplinary action. Non-essential retail shops in England are set to reopen on 15 June. Acas is regularly updating its advice to reflect any new changes to lockdown in Great Britain. The full advice includes proposed changes to employment contracts on returning to work, staff anxious about returning to work and how to raise it as an issue. See our guidance on returning to the workplace. Media enquiries Contact the Acas press office. Background notes The percentage of calls to the Acas helpline were calculated from the total number of calls to the Acas helpline between 1 February and the end of May 2020 increased by 34% when compared to the same period in 2019. This equates to an increase of 115,000 calls. Read the Government's announcement on the reopening of retail shops. Acas stands for Advisory, Conciliation and Arbitration Service. Acas provides free and impartial information and advice to employers and employees on all aspects of workplace relations and employment law. We support good relationships between employers and employees which underpin business success. We also provide good value, high quality training and tailored advice to employers. Our expertise is based on millions of contacts with employers and employees each year. Acas is an independent and impartial statutory body governed by a Council made up of members from business, trade unions, academia and the law. As part of a new campaign around rights at work during coronavirus, Acas has launched new workplace rights guidance to help workers know their rights as they return to work.
0.999944	I'm a product description. I'm a great place to add more details about your product such as sizing, material, care instructions and cleaning instructions. I'm a product SKU: 0002 $10.00Price Quantity Add to Cart Buy Now PRODUCT INFO I'm a product detail. I'm a great place to add more information about your product such as sizing, material, care and cleaning instructions. This is also a great space to write what makes this product special and how your customers can benefit from this item. RETURN & REFUND POLICY I’m a Return and Refund policy. I’m a great place to let your customers know what to do in case they are dissatisfied with their purchase. Having a straightforward refund or exchange policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy with confidence. SHIPPING INFO I'm a shipping policy. I'm a great place to add more information about your shipping methods, packaging and cost. Providing straightforward information about your shipping policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy from you with confidence.
0.999938	I'm a product description. I'm a great place to add more details about your product such as sizing, material, care instructions and cleaning instructions. I'm a product SKU: 632835642834572 $40.00Price Size One size Quantity Add to Cart PRODUCT INFO I'm a product detail. I'm a great place to add more information about your product such as sizing, material, care and cleaning instructions. This is also a great space to write what makes this product special and how your customers can benefit from this item. RETURN & REFUND POLICY I’m a Return and Refund policy. I’m a great place to let your customers know what to do in case they are dissatisfied with their purchase. Having a straightforward refund or exchange policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy with confidence. SHIPPING INFO I'm a shipping policy. I'm a great place to add more information about your shipping methods, packaging and cost. Providing straightforward information about your shipping policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy from you with confidence.
0.926832	They are part of the crown prince’s vision to bring about comprehensive and sustainable development in all regions Updated 18 October 2021 Arab News October 17, 2021 19:11 Follow @arabnews RIYADH: There’s more to Saudi Arabia than its big cities — and to prove it, the Kingdom launched strategic offices on Sunday to drive development in three key regions. The offices will form the basis for the establishment of development authorities in Al-Baha, Al-Jouf, and Jazan, said Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman. They will aim to capitalize on the advantages that each of the three areas has to offer, and ensure the development of a strong investment environment attracting private sector engagement. The launch of the strategic offices is part of the government’s strategy to extend development to all regions and cities of the Kingdom. The crown prince said further strategic offices would be established in areas where there are not yet any development agencies. They will focus on investing in the distinct features and advantages of each region to transform them into sustainable and permanent economic drivers, and the private sector will play a key role in the the development plans. They new strategic offices are part of the crown prince’s vision to bring comprehensive and sustainable development to all regions of the Kingdom, expanding job opportunities, and improving living standards by upgrading basic services and infrastructure. Al-Baha is one of the most popular tourist destinations in the Kingdom. The region includes a large number of forests and is home to many ancient villages and forts. Al-Jouf is known as the “food basket of the Kingdom,” containing fertile land with abundant water resources. It is responsible for about 67 percent of the Kingdom’s olive oil production. Jazan is home to the Farasan Islands and Jazan Port, the third-largest port on the Red Sea coast. Follow @arabnews Topics: Saudi Arabia Al-Jouf Jazan Al-Baha Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Strategic offices Related Update Business & Economy Saudi, Jordan investors launch Fly Aqaba Saudi Arabia Saudi health ministry to give COVID-19 vaccine booster shots for groups most at-risk Saudi Arabia announces two more COVID-19 deaths /node/1980621/saudi-arabia Saudi Arabia announces two more COVID-19 deaths Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 04, 2021 16:00 Follow @arabnews Saudi Arabia announces two more COVID-19 deaths The total number of recoveries in the Kingdom has increased to 539,011 A total of 8,842 people have succumbed to the virus in the Kingdom so far Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 04, 2021 16:00 RIYADH: Saudi Arabia announced two deaths from COVID-19 and 29 new infections on Saturday. Of the new cases, nine were recorded in Riyadh, seven in Jeddah, three in Makkah, two in Taif, and two in Dhahran. Several other cities recorded one new case each. The total number of recoveries in the Kingdom increased to 539,011 after 21 more patients recovered from the virus. A total of 8,842 people have succumbed to the virus in the Kingdom so far. Over 47.6 million doses of a coronavirus vaccine have been administered in the Kingdom to date. Follow @arabnews Topics: Coronavirus Saudi Arabia Related World Omicron variant may have picked up a piece of common-cold virus French President Macron meets Saudi crown prince in final Gulf stop /node/1980551/saudi-arabia French President Macron meets Saudi crown prince in final Gulf stop Updated 58 min 40 sec ago Arab News December 04, 2021 13:19 Follow @arabnews French President Macron meets Saudi crown prince in final Gulf stop Updated 58 min 40 sec ago Arab News December 04, 2021 13:19 RIYADH: French President Emmanuel Macron met with Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in Jeddah on Saturday . The two leaders dicussed bilateral cooperation and issues of interest in the region, and the crown prince hosted a working lunch for the president. The lunch was also attended by the Crown Prince of Bahrain Prince Salman bin Hamad. Macron arrived in Jeddah earlier and was received at the airport by Prince Khalid Al-Faisal, governor of Makkah and royal advisor. The visit is part of Macron’s Gulf tour, during which he is visiting Saudi Arabia, the UAE and Qatar between Dec. 3 and 4. Saudi and French firms are expected to discuss cooperation in several fields including energy, finance and tourism. Speaking to the press in Dubai, Macron said Saudi Arabia, the most populated and most powerful country in the Gulf, held the key to preserving peace and stability in the Middle East, and also in the French endeavor to assist Lebanon. Follow @arabnews Topics: France Saudi Arabia French President Emmanuel Macron Jeddah Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman Related Update Business & Economy Saudi, French firms sign 27 MoUs as Macron visits the Kingdom Middle-East France’s Macron says hoping for progress on Lebanon ‘within next hours’ Saudi aid agency discusses education efforts at UN conference /node/1980376/saudi-arabia Saudi aid agency discusses education efforts at UN conference Dr. Hana Salem highlighted the efforts made by Saudi Arabia to support education. (SPA) Updated 04 December 2021 SPA December 04, 2021 00:29 Follow @arabnews Saudi aid agency discusses education efforts at UN conference The conference tackled the importance of improving the quality of education, spreading knowledge, exchanging experiences and innovation in times of crisis Updated 04 December 2021 SPA December 04, 2021 00:29 RIYADH: The King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center recently participated virtually in the “Leaving No One Behind: Benefiting from Innovation to Access Quality Education and Information” conference. This comes within the framework of the annual program “Innovate Now … Live Tomorrow” and the Regional Digital Inclusion Week for Arab States organized by the International Telecommunication Union and the UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. Speakers from the regional offices of UNESCO and concerned authorities participated in the two-day conference. During the conference, KSrelief was represented by the director of the community support department, Dr. Hana Salem, who highlighted the efforts made by the Kingdom to support education — 89 educational projects were presented in more than 14 countries, at a budget amounting to nearly $200 million. She touched on the educational projects provided during the coronavirus disease pandemic, indicating that the center works closely with local and international organizations to meet people’s needs and search for appropriate and sustainable solutions to ensure access to education. She also stressed the center’s keenness to support innovation in educational projects. For his part, the head of initiatives at the International Telecommunication Union, Alex Wong, discussed the Giga initiative, which aims to connect every school to the internet and ensure access to education for every child. The conference tackled the importance of improving the quality of education, spreading knowledge, exchanging experiences and innovation in times of crisis, especially in light of the challenges the world is witnessing during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on education. It also touched on the use of artificial intelligence systems in education and intellectual property rights and the importance of developing educational cadres to keep pace with the need in digital education. Follow @arabnews Topics: King Salman Humanitarian Aid and Relief Center (KSRelief) Related Saudi Arabia Saudi aid agency to cover Albanian students’ expenses photos Saudi Arabia Saudi aid agency delivers humanitarian assistance in Pakistan Saudi health minister reviews new omicron COVID-19 variant /node/1980331/saudi-arabia Saudi health minister reviews new omicron COVID-19 variant Saudi health minister reviews new omicron COVID-19 variant. (SPA) Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 03, 2021 23:43 Follow @arabnews Saudi health minister reviews new omicron COVID-19 variant Having a fully vaccinated status on the app allows people to take part in any social and commercial activities Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 03, 2021 23:43 RIYADH: The committee in charge of implementing measures to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in Saudi Arabia has held its 283rd meeting, chaired by Minister of Health Fahd Al-Jalajel. During the meeting, which involved 25 government bodies, the participants reviewed the situation regarding the new omicron COVID-19 variant. As of Feb. 1 next year, all those above the age of 18 will need a booster jab to keep their fully vaccinated status on the Tawakkalna application, an Interior Ministry source said. Having a fully vaccinated status on the app allows people to take part in economic, commercial, cultural, sports or tourist activities, attend any cultural, scientific, social or recreational event, enter any government or private establishment, and travel on planes and public transport. Those exempt from taking the vaccine against coronavirus as listed on the app do not need to take the booster dose. The source stressed the need for everyone to adhere to all preventive measures and approved health protocols. Follow @arabnews Topics: Coronavirus Omicron Related Update Saudi Arabia COVID-19 booster dose will be required to maintain fully vaccinated status in Saudi Arabia Special Saudi Arabia Around 25,000 babies born prematurely in Saudi Arabia per year Saudi Arabia registers 1 COVID-19 death, 38 new infections /node/1980386/saudi-arabia Saudi Arabia registers 1 COVID-19 death, 38 new infections A person receives a dose of the Pfizer coronavirus disease (COVID-19) vaccine at a vaccination site at the Westfield shopping centre in London, Britain, December 3, 2021. (REUTERS) Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 04, 2021 00:40 Follow @arabnews Saudi Arabia registers 1 COVID-19 death, 38 new infections More than 22.5 million people have been fully vaccinated in Saudi Arabia Updated 04 December 2021 Arab News December 04, 2021 00:40 JEDDAH: Saudi Arabia confirmed one new COVID-19-related death on Friday, raising the total number of fatalities to 8,840. The Ministry of Health confirmed 38 new cases reported in the Kingdom in the previous 24 hours, meaning 549,848 people have now contracted the disease. Of the current cases, 41 remain in critical condition. The ministry also announced that 24 patients had recovered from COVID-19, bringing the total number of recoveries in the Kingdom to 538,990. More than 47.5 million COVID-19 vaccine doses have been administered since the Kingdom’s immunization campaign started. More than 22.5 million people have been fully vaccinated. The ministry, which has 587 centers throughout the Kingdom dealing with inoculations, has urged citizens who have not yet received a vaccine to get one. It also renewed calls for people to adhere to precautionary measures and register with the Sehhaty app to receive vaccines. Meanwhile, testing hubs and treatment centers set up throughout the country have helped millions of people since the pandemic outbreak. Taakad centers provide COVID-19 testing for those who show no or only mild symptoms or believe they have come into contact with an infected individual, while Tetamman clinics offer treatment to those with virus symptoms such as fever, loss of taste and smell, and breathing difficulties. 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0.999996	On Costly Mistakes Made By Debt Collectors, or, An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure - Archer Law Archer’s COVID-19 Taskforce Learn More Latest COVID-19 Updates Learn More search Search Firm Mission History In the Community Diversity & Inclusion Women’s Initiative Representative Clients Services Industries People News & Resources Articles Client Advisories Events & Seminars In The News Press Releases Blogs Offices Careers Attorneys Law Students Staff Contact Search Search On Costly Mistakes Made By Debt Collectors, or, An Ounce of Prevention Is Worth a Pound of Cure (Click here for printable PDF) “To err is human.” Thus begins Alexander Pope’s famous maxim. We can take comfort in our fallibility because many of our mistakes are fixable. But some are not. And unfortunately, some of the unfixable ones can have real consequences. A mistake made by a debt collector while attempting to collect a consumer debt can be one of those unfixable mistakes with real consequences. Consider Loewe v. Weltman, Weinberg & Reis Company, 2020 WL 409655 (E.D. Mich. Jan. 24, 2020). In that case, the defendant was a law firm that had filed two complaints against a consumer to recover on defaulted loans. Each of the lawsuits purportedly sought to collect on distinct loans. However, the defendant attached as exhibits the same loan application to both the first and the second complaints. The Federal Fair Debt Collection Practices Act (“FDCPA”) prohibits debt collectors from “us[ing] unfair or unconscionable means to collect or attempt to collect any debt.” 15 U.S.C. § 1692f. The plaintiff in Loewe alleged that the defendant violated this provision when it attached the wrong loan application to the second lawsuit because doing so amounted to an attempt to collect money that the defendant wasn’t owed. The defendant moved to dismiss or, in the alternative, for summary judgment. The defendant claimed that it had mistakenly attached the wrong loan application to the second lawsuit and attached the proper loan application to its motion. In other words, the defendant made a mistake and sought to correct it. No harm, no foul, right? Not so. The Court denied the defendant’s motion. At this stage of the proceedings, the Court could not determine with certainty whether the defendant’s second lawsuit was based on a valid loan. For that reason, it would be premature to throw out the lawsuit. Instead, the parties would have to engage in discovery to better flesh out the facts. In the end, the defendant may be able to establish that it is entitled to summary judgment on the plaintiff’s claims. If the facts establish that the defendant was entitled to the money it sought in the second complaint, or if it can prove that it made a “bona-fide error,” it could ultimately prevail. However, it can only do so after engaging in discovery, which can be a costly, lengthy process. The defendant could “win” the case, and yet walk away feeling like anything but a “winner.” Worse yet, the prospect of a large legal bill could incentivize the defendant to settle, even if the defendant did not actually violate the law. While anyone can make a mistake, there are some areas of the law (particularly consumer-protection statutes) where it is especially important to make sure all of the “I”s are dotted and “T”s crossed. And that’s where we can help you. Benjamin Franklin’s proverb, quoted in the title, is as true today as it was when he originally wrote it almost 300 years ago. The point of all this is that it’s better to be safe than sorry. If you’re a debt collector, you should have counsel take a long, careful look at communications to debtors and court filings. A mistake could leave you on the hook for damages or, at the very least, force you to defend a lawsuit. If you have any questions about the FDCPA in general or how it may affect you or your business, we are here to assist you. Feel free to call Anthony M. Fassano at 856-616-2618 or email at [email protected], or any member of Archer’s Commercial Collections & Consumer Litigation Practice in Haddonfield, N.J., at (856) 795-2121, in Princeton, N.J., at (609) 580-3700, in Hackensack, N.J., at (201) 342-6000, in Philadelphia, PA., at (215) 963-3300, or in Wilmington, DE., at (302) 777-4350. DISCLAIMER: This client advisory is for general information purposes only. It does not constitute legal or tax advice, and may not be used and relied upon as a substitute for legal or tax advice regarding a specific issue or problem. Advice should be obtained from a qualified attorney or tax practitioner licensed to practice in the jurisdiction where that advice is sought.
0.998904	Coconuts are extensively used in Hindu religious rites. Coconuts are usually offered to the gods, and a coconut is smashed on the ground or on some object as part of an initiation or inauguration of building projects, facility, ship, etc., taking the place of Champagne in western culture. Uses All parts of the coconut palm are useful, and the trees have a comparatively high yield (up to 75 "nuts" per year); it therefore has significant economic value. The name for the coconut palm in Sanskrit is kalpa vriksha, which translates as "the tree which provides all the necessities of life". In Malay, the coconut is known as pokok seribu guna, "the tree of a thousand uses". In the Philippines, the coconut is commonly given the title "Tree of Life". Uses of the various parts of the palm include: 1. The white, fleshy part of the seed is edible and used fresh or dried (desiccated) in cooking. 2. The cavity is filled with "coconut water" containing sugars, fibre, proteins, anti-oxidants, vitamins and minerals, which provide excellent isotonic electrolyte balance, and an exceptional nutritional food source, which is why it is used as a refreshing drink throughout the humid tropics. It is also used in the making of the gelatinous dessert Nata de Coco. Mature fruits have significantly less liquid than young immature coconuts. Coconut water is sterile until the coconut is opened (unless the coconut is spoiled). 3. Coconut milk (which is approximately 17% fat) is made by processing grated coconut with hot water or hot milk which extracts the oil and aromatic compounds from the fibre. 4. Coconut cream is what rises to the top when coconut milk is refrigerated and left to set. 5. The leftover fibre from coconut milk production is used as livestock feed. 6. The sap derived from incising the flower clusters of the coconut form a drink known as "toddy" or, in the Philippines, tuba. 7. Apical buds of adult plants are edible and are known as "palm-cabbage" (though harvest of this kills the tree). 8. The interior of the growing tip may be harvested as heart-of-palm and is considered a rare delicacy. Harvesting this also kills the tree. Hearts of palm are often eaten in salads; such a salad is sometimes called "millionaire's salad". 9. The coir (the fibre from the husk of the coconut) is used in ropes, mats, brushes, caulking boats and as stuffing fibre; it is also used extensively in horticulture for making potting compost. 10. Copra is the dried meat of the seed which is the source of coconut oil. 11. The trunks provide building timbers. 12. The leaves provide materials for baskets and roofing thatch. 13. The husk and shells can be used for fuel and are a good source of charcoal. 14. Hawaiians hollowed the trunk to form a drum, a container, or even small canoes. 15. The wood can be used for specialized construction (notably in Manila's Coconut Palace). 16. Coconut sap is fermented to produce toddy. 17. The stiff leaflet midribs make cooking skewers, kindling arrows, or bound into bundles, brooms and brushes. 18. The roots are used as a dye, a mouthwash, or a medicine for dysentery. A frayed-out piece of root makes a poor man's toothbrush. 19. Half coconut shells are used in theatres, banged together to create the sound effect of a horse hoofbeats 20. Dried half coconut shells are used to buff floors. 21. In fairgrounds, a coconut shy is a popular target practice game, and coconuts are commonly given as prizes. 22. A coconut can be hollowed out and used as a home for a rodent or small bird. 23. Coconut water can be used as a replacement for blood plasma during a transfusion. This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Coconut". Other Coconut Resources: Coconut Lover's Cookbook The Coconut Diet : The Secret Ingredient That Helps You Lose Weight While You Eat Your Favorite Foods The Coconut Oil Miracle Eat Fat, Lose Fat: Lose Weight And Feel Great With The Delicious, Science-based Coconut Diet Coconut Cures: Preventing and Treating Common Health Problems with Coconut Coconut.com Recipes are Provided by - CocoLopez.com - Wellness Directory of Minnesota Ambrosia Fruit Salad (Makes 12 to 16 servings) 1 (3-ounce) package cream cheese, softened 1 cup Coco Lopez � Cream of Coconut 2 cups (1 pint) Border or Meadow Gold � Whipping cream, whipped 2 cups Campfire � Miniature Marshmallows 1 (15-1/4-ounce) can crushed pineapple, well drained 1 (11-ounce) can mandarin orange segments, drained 1 (10-ounce) jar maraschino cherries, drained and cut in half � cup chopped pecans In large mixer bowl, beat cheese until fluffy. Gradually add cream of coconut, beating until smooth. Fold in whipped cream. Fold in remaining ingredients. Pour into 8-inch square dish. Cover; refrigerate overnight. Cut into squares; garnish as desired. Refrigerate leftovers. Individual servings: Spoon � cup mixture into 18 (2 1/2 inch) foil baking cups. Proceed as above. (Make 18 servings) Quick Dijon Dipping Sauce For chicken tenders, prawns, etc.>(Makes about 1 cup) 1/2 cup Coco Lopez® Cream of Coconut 1/2 cup Dijon-style mustard In small bowl, combine ingredients; mix well. Serve with your favorite appetizers. Refrigerate leftovers. - Recipe from CocoLopez.com Cream of Coconut. Organic Coconut Carrot Cake 8oz organic grated carrots 8oz organic soft brown sugar (can be replaced with just under 8oz of Sucanat and a tablespoon of Maple Syrup) 6oz Coconut Oil 4oz organic whole wheat baking flour 2oz organic chopped walnuts 2 organic free range eggs Grated peel of 1 organic orange 1 teaspoon baking soda 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon Beat all the above ingredients together and place in a baking tin greased with virgin coconut oil. Cook in preheated oven at 350 degrees for 45 – 60 minutes. (Check with a fork - the cake is ready when it doesn't stick) Fizzy Yogurt Cooler (Makes 4 servings) 2 (8-ounce) containers Borden Lite � or Viva � Pineapple Yogurt 1 (15-ounce) can Coco Lopez � Cream of Coconut Club soda or lemon-lime soda Ice cubes In blender container, combine yogurt and cream of coconut; blend until smooth. Divide mixture among 4 tall glasses. Add club soda and ice to fill glasses. Stir; serve immediately. Refrigerate leftovers. Coconut Lime Pie (Makes one 9-inch pie) 1 (9-inch) baked pastry shell or graham cracker crumb crust 1 cup water 1/4 cup cornstarch 3 tablespoons ReaLime � Lime Juice from Concentrate 2 eggs 1 (15-ounce) can Coco Lopez � Cream of Coconut 1 cup (1/2 pint) Borden � or Meadow Gold � Whipping Cream, whipped or 1 (4-ounce) container frozen non-dairy whipped topping, thawed (1 3/4 cups) 2 tablespoons flaked coconut Preheat oven to 350 . In heavy saucepan, combine water, cornstarch and ReaLime � brand; mix well. In small bowl, beat eggs; add to lime mixture. Add cream of coconut; mix well. Over medium heat, cook and stir until mixture boils and thickens, about 12 to 15 minutes. Pour into prepared pastry shell. Cool. Fold coconut into whipped cream; spread on top of pie. Chill. Refrigerate leftovers. Coconut Batter Shrimp (Makes 4 to 6 servings) 2 pounds medium raw shrimp, peeled and deveined 2 cups unsifted flour 2 1/4 teaspoons baking powder 1 teaspoon salt � teaspoon baking soda 1/3 cup ReaLemon � brand 1 (15-ounce) can Coco Lopez � Cream of Coconut 1 (3 1/2 ounce) can flaked coconut Vegetable oil Pat shrimp dry; coat with � cup flour. In large bowl, combine remaining 1 � cups flour, baking powder, salt and baking soda. Stir in ReaLemon � brand, cream of coconut and flaked coconut; mix well. Dip shrimp into batter. Fry in hot oil until golden brown; drain on paper towels. Serve with dipping sauces. Refrigerate leftovers. <2>Pseudo Girl Scout Cookies - Vegan Samoas! - Yield 20-30 Cookies Adapted from Cooking the Whole Foods Way: Your Complete, Everyday Guide to Healthy, Delicious Eating with 500 VeganRecipes, Menus, Techniques, Meal Planning, Buying Tips, Wit, and Wisdom by Christina Pirello. 1 1/2 cups rolled oats 1 3/4 cup white whole wheat flour (or whole wheat pastry). 1/4 tsp. sea salt 1 1/2 tsp. baking powder 1 cup shredded coconut 1/2 cup ground pecans 1/2 cup chopped pecans I decreased this to 1/4 cup and threw in 1/4 cup dark chocolate chips 1 cup brown rice syrup (or a combination of brown rice syrup and maple syrup) I used 1/3 cup agave nectar and 2/3 cup brown rice syrup 1/2 cup extra virgin coconut oil Preheat oven to 350 degrees F. Mix all ingredients, using your hands at the end if necessary. Drop rounded spoonfuls onto lightly oiled baking sheet (I used parchment paper- watch out, these cookies spread out quite a bit during baking!) and bake for approximately 14 minutes. Cool on a wire rack. Tips: When working with coconut oil, be sure that all other ingredients are at room temperature or else you will get oil lumps. It may help to mix the oil with shredded coconut before adding other ingredients. My coconut oil was solidified, so I microwaved it for about 10 seconds. Do not overmix! Your cookies will be very tough if you do. Mix until ingredients are just combined. Do not overbake! Your cookies will be hard as rocks. Brown rice syrup tends to make cookies crunchy, so be aware of this and proceed accordingly. Increase the proportion of maple syrup to create a chewier cookie or decrease baking time. When you take out your cookies after 14 mintues, they will be so soft, you will be tempted to let them bake some more, but don't do it! These will firm up quite a bit. I'd say definitely use agave or maple syrup as part of your sweetener if you want a more chewy cookie. Mix both ingredients together. Put in an ice tray and freeze overnight. Cut in squares and eat with a spoon. ASTROLOGY COOKBOOKS Lobster for Leos, Cookies for Capricorns: An Astrology Lover's Cookbook A Taste of Astrology: A Cookbook with 240 Heavenly Recipes and Menus for Each Astrological Sign The Astrology Cookbook: A Cosmic Guide to Feasts of Love Cooking with Astrology by Sydney Omarr and Chef Mike Roy HOME Recipes may also be provided by : LIFE EXTENSION BISTRO MD Voted best tasting diet program! Pick your meals and save today! WEIGHT WATCHERS STARWEST BOTANICALS Bulk herbs, spices and natural products. SIZZLEFISH SEAFOOD List as one of the best places to buy fresh seafood online at CNET, SubscriberBoxer.com, and TopConsumerReviews.org. All shipping is free.
0.999996	Running is an activity that involves the heart, the muscles and the lungs. It will help you exercise these vital parts of the body for one person to be able to function better. You will notice that when you regularly jog, there are changes not only on your physical body but also in your emotional state. Running is scientifically proven to be helpful in many ways. If you are planning to achieve a healthier body, you need to integrate running to your daily activities. To further explain the benefits of running as backed up by science; check the list of what you can get when you start adding this to your regular exercises: Article Contains 1. Improve your Cardiovascular Health: 2. Strengthen Joints: 3. Burns Calories: 4. Help Promote Weight Loss: 5. Reduce Cancer Risk: 6. Boost Your Memory: 7. Increases Your Stamina: 8. Help You Live Longer: 9. Decrease Cravings for Unhealthy Foods and Substance: 1. Improve your Cardiovascular Health: If you are thinking about improving your cardiac health, you need to go for a regular run. This activity is proven to help you strengthen your left ventricle. This is possible because the heart is the main part of the body that benefits from running. When you run, your pulse rate slows down and your body consumes more oxygen as compared to the state when you are just resting. This is a great way to help in normalizing the pumping of the blood. Since running is considered as an aerobic exercise, another target is to burn the carbohydrates and turn them into energy that the body can use up. With this, you will be able to eliminate unneeded fats in the body, especially in the heart. Studies also show that runners have healthier cardiovascular condition compared to the people who are not exercising at all. According to a study on the cardiovascular aspects of running, running is an activity that is highly aerobic. It does not only convert carbohydrates but also fatty acids into energy. This is one o the best exercises that you can add to your regular activities. However, you should not think that this exercise can make you completely free from organic heart disease. Even if it involves the cardiovascular system, you still need physical examinations and rest. This is specifically true for older and middle-aged runners. [ Read: Health Benefits of Walking Every Day ] 2. Strengthen Joints: Is running better than walking? This is one question that can help you realize the importance of levelling up your regular exercise. Most people believe that a person who has a possibility of developing osteoarthritis should not be running. This is one of myths that you need to debunk. As compared to walking, running can be beneficial to your bones and joints because it can help not only in enhancing flexibility but also in strengthening the joints, the cartilage and the bones. As compared to running and swimming, it can be more beneficial to you. A study published by Harvard Medical School concluded that running is not actually a contributory factor to arthritis. For older people who are experiencing this condition, you can be sure that exercises do not add nor worsen it. You are free to exercise regularly. In fact, running can strengthen your leg muscles and your joints. However, you have to make sure that you are not running with an injured leg. If you feel like a part of your leg is painful, you should take a rest and you can also consult your doctor to check if you can still continue running. 3. Burns Calories: If you are into a weight loss program, you should consider running as one of your daily exercises. If you run, you will be able to lose more calories because it requires you to move most parts of your body. It should be understood that the amount of calorie that you will be able to lose depends on the frequency of your run and the intensity you put into the activity. For people who wish to burn more calories, the terrain and the pressure should be considered. Uphill climb requires more energy and it can be the best way for you to lose more pounds. A research done by the National Weight Control Registry has proven the connection of regular exercise and weight loss. It has been concluded that ninety percent of their respondents who have lost a considerable part of their weight attribute their success to their regular exercise. One of the weight loss exercises that were mentioned in the study that has a positive effect to weight loss is running. However, you have to do it right in order for it to work positively for your own benefit. Here are some of the things that you need to consider if you are going to start running to lose weight: Have a specific goal that you want to achieve. If it is to lose weight, decide about how much you should be shedding. Always start with your right foot. Running does not have to be done on a constant fast pace. Create a schedule for your run. If you are a beginner, you can consider running every other day. This way, you can give your tissues enough time to rest. Add distance and change your pace slowly. You should not push yourself to an activity that will only let you end up tired. You should avoid over training and just work at your own pace. 4. Help Promote Weight Loss: One of the main ways on how to lose weight is to speed up metabolism. Most people gain weight because their metabolism is not normal and also because of inactivity. Your diet is another reason why you gain weight. But there is a way that can help you control your weight; you just need to engage yourself in activities that will help you lessen the calories and fats. People who do not run or exercises are the ones who are mostly gaining more weight. With the body’s inactivity, the calories are not converted into energy and the body continues to gain more pounds. Regular exercise and daily runs in the park can be very helpful in maintaining your weight. [ Read: Health Benefits of Deep Breathing ] Advertisement 5. Reduce Cancer Risk: Cancer only starts to manifest when the person’s immune system is no longer capable of protecting the body. This is why people who have history of cancer in the family are encouraged to engage themselves in activities that will be beneficial to the body. Aside from eating natural and organic food, you need to engage yourself to a daily exercise. Running is effective because it does not only help you lessen fats but will also help in strengthening the body as a whole. A person who is physically active is usually healthier compared to people who are not exercising. Dr. Anthony Komaroff affirmed that exercises can really help reduce the risk of cancer as posted by Harvard Health Publishing. It has been noted that the higher the physical activity of a person, the lesser possibility of the risk of cancer to be developed. To relate it with running, it is one of the most common and the most famous exercise that everyone can do. Age does not matter if you really want to run and use it to improve your body condition. 6. Boost Your Memory: There is a very interesting study conducted in 2016 that supports the connection of running and boosting the memory and your creativity. When the body is active, the person is more creative. So if you are experiencing problems that are connected to the memory, you can consider going for a run. This is scientifically proven by the fact that more oxygen is being inhaled by the person when he is running. The brain needs more of this in order for it to function well. Aside from that, it can also help you release yourself from anxiety and other stress. This way, you can easily become more creative and your brain can work more efficiently. Aside from that, another study proves that running can help produce hormones that enable the brain cells to grow. A recent study also showed that regular exercise has a direct and indirect positive effect to the brain. It can benefit the brain in a way that it can reduce inflammation and it also ensures that there is growth of new blood vessels in the brain. With this, the survival of new brain cells is also being promoted. 7. Increases Your Stamina: Do you ever wonder how seasoned runners were able to strengthen themselves and were able to maintain a strong body? The answer is through running regularly. At the beginning, of course you will see yourself having difficulty in breathing and you will also experience muscle pains. However, if you continue and make this activity a part of your everyday life, you will see the improvements. As you continue to put a little pressure on your routine, you will also witness how your stamina would be strengthened. Your endurance depends on how many activities you are allowing yourself to do and sometimes, it is also dependent on your weight and body structure. With the connection between running and weight loss, it can be deduced that whenever you run, you are strengthening your body muscles. As you continue with this activity, you will notice how easier for you to do more activities as you become stronger. After few months, you will also realize that you can do so much more without losing breathe. This is possible if you continue to add running as one of your regular exercises. 8. Help You Live Longer: As a person ages, he also gets exposed to a lot of factors that can cause disease and other unhealthy conditions that can cause early mortality. This is why you also need to think about running as a regular activity because of many reasons. It helps lessen the possibility of developing chronic diseases. It also helps in improving your sleep. With this, the body gets enough rest and the body cells will easily regenerate. A recent study published in 2017 has affirmed that running is indeed one of the secrets for long life. In this research, they have proven that 25 to 40 percent of runners were able to avoid premature mortality as compared to those who do not run. This is connected to the different results of running that include the prevention of chronic diseases. As you continue an active lifestyle, you will notice how much positive changes are going on to your body. This is also true with running. You should consider this as one of the regular exercises that you should be adding to your health list. 9. Decrease Cravings for Unhealthy Foods and Substance: There have been a lot of researches that asked participants to engage in running to measure how this activity can help in their diet. After running, it was recorder that the runners chose to eat healthier food instead of going for some junk food. With this, it was concluded that running can help you lessen your cravings for unhealthy food. Whenever you run or do other exercises, you will notice how you become more conscious with what you are eating. For the beginners who are not eating the right food, it is noticeable that they easily get tired. This is because of the fact that the body does not have enough energy. If you really want to make running a habit, you have to make sure that you are eating the right food. As you embrace this activity, you will notice how you slowly change some other parts of your lifestyle including your eating habits. Running for an hour regularly is really helpful to the body. The different benefits enumerated above are just few of the many benefits you will get from this exercise. If you are planning to embrace a new improved healthy lifestyle, you should consider running as one of your activities. This will not only allow you to lose weight and improve your physical health. Running can also ensure you positive effects to the emotions. So whenever you are feeling down, you can wear your running shoes and get some air as you keep yourself mobile. Image:- 1 SHARE THIS STORY ON FACEBOOK Written by: Beatuy Epic Beauty Epic is the beauty network that sets a new level of trust and honesty in beauty world. We are driven by a commitment to prove Beauty Epic is best for beauty and improve women's lives by covering daily breakthroughs in beauty, Lifestyle and Health.
0.94947	They say it’s the thought that counts when it comes to gift giving. If you haven’t done your holiday shopping just yet, have no fear—there’s still time. Just because we’re coming down to the wire this holiday season doesn’t mean you have to give a gift without meaning. We’ve got you covered. While everybody enjoys a good candle, let’s just say that these new gift ideas CAN hold a flame to last year’s regift. Check out these four ideas for last-minute gifts that also give back. 1. Shop Local Small businesses need our support now more than ever. COVID-19 has changed so much about our everyday lives, including buying tendencies and trends. Pre-pandemic, many of us window-shopped at small boutiques and businesses. However, as the pandemic has carried on, many have taken to online shopping because of the contactless options to shop. If you aren’t comfortable venturing out in public, there are still ways to support local and small businesses. Many small shops also have online buying options, or would allow you to purchase a gift card over the phone. 2. Give a Donation in Honor of Your Loved One Giving a donation is a surefire way to make a difference in our world today. But did you know that you could also honor your loved one in the process? Consider making a donation on behalf of your gift recipient. Start by choosing an organization that you know they would love and support. Not only does your gift go to a great cause, but you also get to honor your friend or loved one by making the donation in their name. 3. Give the Gift of Time While material gifts seem to be the norm during the holiday season, memories are created with time spent together. Give the gift of quality time by thoughtfully planning a day for your gift recipient. This could be anything from doing their favorite activities to volunteering together, or whatever you can come up with to stay occupied and strengthen connections. The best part about giving an experience is that it can be low cost and memorable.If your plans can’t be enjoyed safely right away, simply write out your plan in a card and ask your recipient to redeem the gift as soon as it’s safe to gather. Plus, this will give your loved one something to look forward to. 4. Order from Do-Good Companies While businesses used to be all about profit, many companies are now finding it just as important to make an impact in their communities and the world through purpose. For example, some businesses will donate a product to a cause for every product they sell. Consider doing a quick search for those for-profit companies who are Benefit Corporations or Certified B Corporations that also place an emphasis on giving back. While you could give more “stuff” this holiday season, consider giving a gift that will leave a lasting impression for all the right reasons. Remember that what you do today could have a positive impact on your community and even the world. Giving back and spreading the love this holiday season is sure to make your friends, family and loved ones smile. Return To List Bro. Jimmy and Carol Burroughs Bronze CASA Champion Stanfill Enterprise Gold CASA Champion Simmons Bank Bronze CASA Champion FirstBank Gold CASA Champion Sponsor Columbus McKinnon Gold CASA Champions RE/MAX Unlimited Gold CASA Champion Lexington Pharmacy Associates, LLC Double Blessings Farm 2019 Platinum CASA Champion 2019 Silver Sponsor 2019 Silver Sponsor 2019 Silver Sponsor 2019 Bronze Sponsor 2019 Bronze Sponsor United Way TCCY Grant Language Tennessee Commission on Children and Youth Scottish Inn Platinum CASA Champion Sponsor Travlynn Finance CASA Champion Facebook LinkedIn 292 White Place Lexington, Tennessee 38351 Phone (731) 249-5536 Fax 888-270-4571 Contact Privacy Policy Privacy Policy What Information Do We Collect? 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0.954726	Working to convince the world to try a healthier and lactose-free alternative to butter, 4th & Heart incorporates chef-inspired flavors and ancient wisdom in their line of versatile ghee products. A centuries-old superfood, ghee can maintain its molecular integrity at extremely high temperatures while also supporting weight loss, improving digestion and reducing inflammation. 4th & Heart is giving ghee the comeback story it deserves by introducing the shelf-stable product to a new generation of health-conscious households. What We Did brand strategy web design web development web content graphic design The Problem 4th & Heart was looking for an updated website to better accommodate their loyal customer base of ghee-enthusiasts. They partnered with Catchfire to create a responsive website that was easy to navigate and reflected the educational pillar behind their brand. Our mission was to highlight the health benefits and ingredients behind the brand’s line of products through a combination of website design and development. Our strategy included custom designed pages, bringing ghee’s ancient beginnings into the modern era through the use of bold and contemporary design elements. Our UX strategy focused on enabling 4th & Heart visitors to browse efficiently across both desktop and mobile, making information about the product’s history, variations and uses easily accessible to both returning and potential customers. By embracing a simplistic site map, visitors can easily navigate to find the perfect product to fit their cooking needs. Our design process included clean and simple product imagery and custom icons to easily share and translate educational information to the visitor. Having created a new navigation system, we also worked to organize 4th & Heart’s website content by blending the brand’s original words with updated copy sourced from their most recent brand guide for refreshed reading. With a growing recipe index, we created an intuitive editing experience that allows 4th & Heart to update their blog page with new ideas as their community’s creativity continues to flourish. This process, alongside custom designed pages, creates a template for success as 4th & Heart continues to expand its digital reach and customer acquisition.
0.994526	Pasadena is the second largest city in Harris County, after Houston, and has a long and surprising history. How much do you know more about this influential Texas town? Take this quiz and find out! 1. How did Pasadena get its name? A. It was named for Pasadena, California. B. It was named for a Chippewa word that means “crown of the valley.” C. It was named for a railroad executive’s daughter 2. Who founded the city? A. Mark Burnett B. Jack Newkirk C. John H. Burnett 3. Marlen Esparza is a South Houston High School graduate who went on to win a bronze Olympic medal for women’s boxing in the 2012 Olympics. True or false? 4. Gilley’s was a famous honky tonk bar and nightclub in Pasadena and the setting and real-life set of “Urban Cowboy,” an acclaimed film starring Debra Winger and John Travolta. What years was Gilley’s open in Pasadena? A. 1967-1985 B. 1970-1990 C. 1972-1993 D. 1969-1989 5. Gilley’s wasn’t always called as such. What was it called before it was named for musician Mickey Gilley? A. Shelly’s B. Den of Sin C. Rodeo Stop & Honky Tonk 6. The Pasadena Volunteer Fire Department is the largest organization of its kind in the United States. True or false? 7. Armand Bayou is a protected part of Pasadena and provides residents and visitors alike with a unique nature experience. What is another name for Armand Bayou? A. Turtle Bayou B. Snakes Bayou C. Middle Bayou 8. How many students attended Pasadena High School when it was first established? A. 7 B. 50 C. 20 9. When was San Jacinto Junior College established? A. 1961 B. 1959 C. 1960 10. In 1965, Gene Goltz, a reporter for the now defunct Houston Post, won the Pulitzer Post for his reporting on government corruption in Pasadena. True or false? 11. Pasadena High School 1958 graduate Bert Coan went on to play for the University of Kansas and in the American Football League for the San Diego Chargers and what other professional football team? A. New Orleans Saints B. Kansas City Chiefs C. Pittsburgh Steelers 12. True or False: Red Cross founder Clara Barton shipped 1.5 million strawberry plants to the community after the 1900 storm devastated local orchards, sparking growth of the fruit as a important cash crop. Answer key: 1: A. The city was named for Pasadena, California, as both cities have similar native vegetation. If you chose Answer B, you may consider yourself correct in a way, since that’s the origin of the California city’s name. 2. C. Burnett came from Galveston to found the city in 1893. 3: False. Esparza is a graduate of Pasadena High School. 4: B 5: A 6: True. The department is the largest, single-city all volunteer fire department in the nation. 7: C 8: C. Also, only one teacher was needed for the 20 students. 9: A 10: True. He exposed a web of kickbacks after growing suspicious when officials couldn’t account for money from a $6 million bond issue, according to his obituary in The Washington Post. His reporting helped to spur governmental reforms. 11: B. He only played one season in San Diego before finishing out the remainder of his 72-game career in Kansas City. 12: True. Pasadena became known as the “Strawberry Capitol of the South.” The strawberries are gone, but their legacy includes the annual Pasadena Strawberry Festival.
0.999974	Gone is the familiar script in which chief executive officer Mark Zuckerberg issues a formal apology then takes responsibility and promises change. washingtonpost.com Mass rescue of 17 caught in rip current off Bournemouth The group were seen by lifeguards being pulled out to sea in a powerful rip current on Monday. bbc.co.uk Photos: Israeli ultranationalists march through East Jerusalem, stirring animosity The march posed a test for Israel's fragile new government as well as the tenuous truce that ended last month's 11-day war between Israel and Hamas. news.yahoo.com Fly your flag of knowledge high by scoring well on this world flag quiz What are some interesting facts about flags around the globe? Festival of Flags in Davison returns after one-year hiatus DAVISON, MI -- The Davison Chamber of Commerce is set to welcome back the Festival of Flags this week after a one-year hiatus due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The event kicks off Wednesday, June 9, with the Festival of Flags parade that will run from Fourth Street, proceed to Main Street, and end at the intersection of Clark and Davison streets. “I think everyone is absolutely thrilled,” LaDawn Hastings, executive director for the Davison Chamber of Commerce, told MLive-The Flint Journal. The parade will officially kick-off the festival that will continue throughout the rest of the week, concluding on Sunday, June 13. The chamber turned 70 back in May, but they weren’t able to celebrate it then, so instead, they decided to hold a celebration during the Festival of Flags. mlive.com ‘Helping people who helped us’ -- Families place flags on graves of Metro Detroit veterans Veterans, scouts and patriotic Americans placed flags at gravestones. It’s when you take a step back and see the sheer number of flags, the significance becomes even more profound. Mysterious white flags appear on Brooklyn Bridge Mysterious white flags appear on Brooklyn Bridge Despite around-the-clock surveillance, 20-foot white flags appeared on the Brooklyn Bridge Tuesday, embarrassing the NYPD and raising questions about the security of New York City's landmarks. Michelle Miller reports the latest security breach. cbsnews.com TV Listings Contests and Rules Email Newsletters RSS Feeds Closed Captioning Contact Us Careers at WDIV Terms of Use Privacy Policy Public File FCC Applications Do Not Sell My Info Follow Us facebook twitter instagram snapchat rss Get Results with Omne If you need help with the Public File, call (313) 222-0566. Copyright © 2021 ClickOnDetroit.com is managed by Graham Digital and pubished by Graham Media Group, a division of Graham Holdings.
0.99945	Help shape the next generation of ecommerce for the next generation of consumer.Were looking for Engineers to join the Platform Engineering team at StockX.The Platform Engineering mission is to build foundational components which enable engineering teams to rapidly deliver robust, production ready services. We strive to learn and understand the collective needs of engineers such that we build a community which fosters innovation, psychological safety, and growth.Our team focus is on building tools that empower all engineers (including ourselves) to run operationally excellent services, not necessarily operating services ourselves.We utilize cutting edge tools and services like CircleCI, Harness, Kubernetes, LaunchDarkly, Terraform, Datadog, and AWS to build resilient and scalable platforms that accommodate our rapid growth. As a StockX Platform Engineer, you will be empowered to take ownership of technology decisions and solutions while playing a pivotal role in establishing a successful engineering culture at a fast-growing company.ResponsibilitiesCollaborate with engineers throughout the organization to ensure we are using best practices to build scalable, secure, and operationally sound systemsWork within a cross-functional team of engineers to specify, design, develop, test, and implement cloud tooling and solutionsFunction as a subject matter expert to projects and implementations regarding DevOps, SRE, and Cloud ArchitectureBuild tooling to allow teams to automate routine cloud deployment, administration, and monitoring tasksDevelop data driven measures of team success, overall system, and company healthWork with your teammates to define OKRs for our goals and quantitatively measure progress against those targetsRequirementsA strong desire to eliminate toil in daily work for all engineersTroubleshooting, debugging, and collaboration are second nature3+ years of applicable experienceFamiliar with microservice, distributed, and event-driven architecturesSolid understanding of Linux/UNIX and comfortable working in a command line-centric environmentStrong understanding of version control concepts, ideally Git (pull requests, branching, tagging, integrations, etc.)Experience and passion for automation of key processes, focusing on consistent and measurable resultsIn addition to these general responsibilities and requirements, we are looking for candidates that fit the following characteristics.Developer Experience & ToolingExperience developing and operating CI and CD pipelines (using CircleCI, Jenkins, Github Actions, Travis, etc) to automate delivery of working code to productionEnforce strict compliance and security requirements in conjunction with Security Engineering via static code analysis, dependency vulnerability scanning, container scanning, etc.Work with engineers to create standard local/non-production environments for systems across the organization to enable expedited development and testingDevelop tooling to enable automated deployment and monitoring of cloud infrastructure, web applications, and microservicesDocument and evangelize tooling for use by engineers in the development, deployment, and operation of their servicesThis is a great opportunity to leverage your existing skills, help build a world-class team, and have a huge impact on how marketplaces can be redefined. At StockX, we are just getting started. About UsOur global platform offers unprecedented access to current culture while our data-driven, bid-ask model provides buyers with the real-time visibility to know theyre getting a fair price. And, unlike other ecommerce sites, StockX hand-checks every purchase (20,000+ daily trades) at one of our regional authentication centers.StockXs special formula has rocketed the company to a multibillion dollar valuation, with 10M+ lifetime trades on the platformmore than half of those coming in the last year. And were just getting started.We are an equal opportunity employer and value diversity at our company. We do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, gender, sexual orientation, age, marital status, veteran status, or disability status. This job description is intended to convey information essential to understanding the scope of the job and the general nature and level of work performed by job holders within this job. However, this job description is not intended to be an exhaustive list of qualifications, skills, efforts, duties, responsibilities or working conditions associated with the position. StockX reserves the right to amend this job description at any time. Keywords: StockX, Detroit , Software Engineer - Tooling & Developer Experience, IT / Software / Systems , Detroit, Michigan Click here to apply! Didn't find what you're looking for? Search again! 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View more Detroit IT / Software / Systems jobs Other IT / Software / Systems Jobs Software Engineering Virtual Experience Description: We're excited to offer you the opportunity to explore life as a software engineer at JPMorgan Chase and obtain valuable technology skills required to drive your career in the direction Company: JPMorgan Chase Location: Highland Park Posted on: 12/5/2021 Remote Senior Web Developer Description: An international public health organization has a current position open for a Remote Senior Web Developer. Individual must be able Company: VirtualVocations Location: Detroit Posted on: 12/5/2021 Jr. Salesforce Developer Description: The Salesforce Developer will be responsible for working with business teams in support of the current implementation as well as minor feature enhancements, additional business requests on automation (more...) 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0.961831	Can probiotics play a role in building a healthy gut? Yes, they can! Few other supplements can have such a large impact on the immune system and health. As we learn more about gut bacteria and the large role they play in health and metabolism, we work harder to keep our dogs’ microbiome healthy and balanced. But you need to support your dog’s microbiome by using the right probiotics at the right times. What Is The Microbiome? Bacteria live in all parts of your dog’s digestive tract. There are just a few that live in the stomach … but as you travel down the intestines, the numbers of bacteria increase. But by far the greatest number of bacteria live in your dog’s colon. The complex community of bacteria and other microorganisms in your dog’s gut is called the microbiome. These bacteria all function together and they work just like any other organ. In fact, scientists call the microbiome “the forgotten organ.” Each microbiome is unique to each dog, just like a fingerprint. That’s because every dog is exposed to a unique environment and diet. RELATED: Learn more about your dog’s microbiome … What Are Probiotics? Probiotics are live organisms that provide health benefits. These good bacteria are found in your dog’s gut, in fermented foods and in supplements. Certain yeast species are also considered probiotic. Beneficial bacteria have a few key jobs in your dog’s body. They help: Digest food Produce key vitamins (including vitamin K and B vitamins) Produce serotonin and influence mood Reduce the gut pH Crowd out harmful bacteria Produce enzymes Produce fatty acids that discourage the growth of harmful bacteria Support the immune system What Are Prebiotics? Prebiotics are a type of fiber that feed the good bacteria in your dog’s gut. Bacteria eat exactly what your dog eats. But beneficial bacteria love one food in particular … fiber. There are two important sources of fiber for your dog’s gut bacteria … soluble fiber and resistant starch. Soluble Fiber Soluble fiber is called soluble because it forms a hydrated mass with water. It is almost completely fermented in the colon by the bacteria living there. It’s one of their main sources of food. Examples of soluble fiber include: Pectin from fruit Beta-glucan from mushrooms Seaweed and chlorella Some grains Guar gum (extracted from guar beans Methylcellulose (a chemical compound extracted from cellulose). Resistant Starch This starch is resistant to digestive enzymes in the small intestine, so it also passes to the colon mostly unchanged. Collectively, we call these substances prebiotics. Once these prebiotics reach your dog’s colon, the trillions of bacteria that live there eat them up (they ferment them). Related: Learn about 6 natural prebiotics for your dog … How Probiotics Support The Immune System When bacteria eat fiber, they “poop out” short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). The three main SCFAs are: Acetate Proprionate Butyrate Short chain fatty acids either remain in your dog’s colon or they travel into your dog’s body. Either way, they play a critical role in your dog’s health and immunity. They can: Feed friendly bacteria and discourage the growth of harmful bacteria Help form the protective mucus layer in the gut Keep the cells lining the gut close together (they prevent leaky gut) Reduce glucose levels, which protects against metabolic disease and obesity Build important T-cells in the immune system, which helps reduce chronic inflammation. Protect against food allergens Help the body absorb calcium, magnesium, iron and other nutrients Since 80% of your dog’s immune system is in his gut, bacteria are critical to your dog’s health. Specifically, a diverse and well-populated bacteria population is critical to your dog’s health … RELATED: Read about more ways to boost your dog’s immune system … When Should You Give Your Dog Probiotics? Because friendly bacteria support your dog’s immune system, most dogs can benefit from probiotics and probiotic foods. But there are a wide variety of health issues that can be helped by probiotics: Leaky gut Yeast (Candida) overgrowth Urinary tract infections Diarrhea Colitis and bowel diseases Pancreatitis Obesity Allergy symptoms Mood disorders Small changes to the species of bacteria living in your dog’s gut can have a noticeable impact on their host. The above diseases are all linked to shifts in the bacterial populations in your dog’s microbiome. If your dog has a lot of diverse bacteria in his gut, these shifts are less significant. Large bacteria populations mean bacterial shifts will have a smaller impact on your dog’s health. But bacterial shifts happen all the time. Bacteria shifts can be caused by: Antibiotics Drugs Toxins Aging A high starch diet A high fat diet RELATED: Find out how probiotics benefit your dog’s dental health … What Is The Best Probiotic To Give Your Dog? The type of probiotic you give your dog really depends on his individual health and needs. Here are some of the best researched and most effective probiotic strains for dogs (and the amounts you should use). 1. Lactic Acid Probiotics The vast majority of probiotic supplements are lactic acid bacteria, usually made from fermented milk. You’ll see their strain names on the supplement label, along with the species name. The Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus species are often shown as B. Or L. So you might see B. Longum or L. acidophilus. Lactobacillus species convert milk sugar to lactic acid, which inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. Like Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium species produce lactic acid but they’re not considered a lactic acid bacteria. Bifidobacterium live in the colon and can interact with immune cells. They can crowd out harmful bacteria and help support the immune system. Low numbers of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium have been linked to anxiety. Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium probiotics are pretty fragile and they typically only last about 24 hours before they’re eliminated from the gut. But even though they’re unlikely to colonize, their DNA remains and they can still offer many health benefits. Individual lactic acid probiotic strains include: Lactobacillus Acidophilus This is the tried and true bacteria found in most probiotics. It’s well researched in dogs and can increase Lactobacillus populations in the gut and reduce the populations of harmful clostridia. It also has a favorable effect on immune cells. Lactobacillus Casei This probiotic lives in the mucus membrane of animals. It’s an important part of the gut-brain axis and can affect mood and emotions. Lactobacillus Plantarum And Lactobacillus Rhamnosus These probiotics have been studied in dogs and have been shown to have a much better surviral rate. They help build healthy colon walls in dogs with IBS and can decrease antibiotic-related diarrhea. Low levels of Lactobacillus rhamnosus have been linked to anxiety in dogs. Bifidobacterium Animalis This probiotic has been found to be helpful for managing acute diarrhea in dogs. Bifidobacterium Longum This probiotic has been studied in dogs and is another one that works on the gut-brain axis. A study done by Purina found that larger numbers of Bifidobacterium longum can reduce signs of stress in dogs. B. longum can also help with diarrhea and food allergies. Enterococcus Faecium Enterococci are another lactic acid bacteria that inhibits the growth of harmful bacteria in the gut. This probiotic does a better job of surviving the acidity of the dog’s gut than most Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium species. While this probiotic is healthy for dogs, it’s come under attack recently. Scientists are worried it can cause antibiotic-resistant enterococcal infections in humans. But it’s definitely beneficial for dogs and is a well-researched addition to canine probiotics. Pediococcus Acidilactici P. acidilactici is another lactic acid bacteria that’s showing a lot of promise in canine studies. It’s been successfully used to manage skin conditions and leaky guts. 2. Probiotic Yeast Saccharomyces boulardii is a healthy yeast that’s considered a probiotic. Saccharomyces boulardii is used to treat acute and chronic diarrhea in humans … and a recent trial in dogs showed the same benefits. S. boulardii has also been successfully used to treat Candida and yeast. S. boulardii also helps with digestive issues caused by chronic inflammation … it can alter cell signalling pathways in the immune system. What’s unique about S. boulardii is that it can’t be killed by antibiotics. It can be taken at the same time as antibiotic use to help protect the beneficial gut bacteria and prevent antibiotic-related diarrhea. 3. Spore Forming Probiotics Unlike Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, the Bacilli strains of probiotics are spore-forming. These bacteria can form a hard coating that protects them from heat, stomach acids and most antibiotics. In fact, many antibiotics are made from soil based probiotics for this reason. Bacilli are also called soil based probiotics because they’re commonly found in soil and water. The most common strains used include: Bacillus Coagulans B. coagulans is a lactic acid producing bacteria, meaning it can crowd out unfriendly bacteria. Bacillus coagulans is also anti-inflammatory and can have a marked effect on inflammatory digestive diseases. And a 2016 study also shows that it improved rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Bacillus Indicus B. indicus is a unique probiotic … it produces large amounts of carotenoids. These are the yellow and orange pigments in plants. Carotenoids are powerful antioxidants. B. Indicus also produces B vitamins, vitamin K2 and quinols. This is an advantage for dogs with EPI and those needing digestive enzymes. Bacillus Subtilis B. Subtilis is an inhabitant in the guts of healthy dogs. It was used to treat urinary tract infections before antibiotics were developed. Like B. coagulens, B. subtilis has a strong influence on the immune system. It helps produce IgA, an antibody that’s often low in dogs with autoimmune disease. IgA bolsters the gut lining and also produces vitamin K. Are There Natural Probiotics For Dogs? Bacteria ferment fiber and sugars … so they’re often found in foods. Common probiotic foods include: Probiotic Yoghurt Yoghurt is fermented milk made with the bacteria species Streptococcus thermophilus and Lactobacillus bulgaricus. There are a few problems with using yoghurt as a probiotic. First, dairy products can cause inflammation and immune issues in dogs. Second, most yoghurt contains very few probiotics. And most yoghurt is high in sugar, which can cause unwanted changes to the gut flora. Fermented Foods Foods such as chaga, kefir and kimchi can be a healthy part of your dog’s diet. What’s unique about fermented foods is the extremely large number of prebiotics they contain. Prebiotics aren’t particular about the species of bacteria they feed, so fermented foods can potentially feed harmful bacteria and yeast. Fermented foods can also be a problem for dogs with SIBO (small intestinal bacterial overgrowth) and yeast infections, so use in moderation and with caution. Prebiotic Foods Foods that are high in fiber are the best choice to feed beneficial bacteria populations and support a healthy gut. Healthy prebiotic additions to your dog’s food include: Mushrooms Dandelion greens Chicory root Jerusalem artichoke Garlic Asparagus Bananas Choosing A Probiotic Supplement For Your Dog The amount of probiotic you give your dog depends on the type of probiotic you choose. For the lactic acid bacteria, you’ll want to look for a supplement with several strains. Most studies on probiotics use a mix of strains because results with single strains aren’t as good. Because lactic acid bacteria are easily destroyed in the gut, you will need a product with a large number of colony forming units (CFU). You’ll usually want to see at least 10 billion CFU for any live probiotics to survive in your dog’s gut. This is fine for healthy dogs, but if your dog has digestive or immune problems, then look for about 25-50 billion CFU for a medium to large sized dog. Saccharomyces boulardii is much hardier than the dairy based probiotics, so a smaller amount can be given. In general, you can give a half billion to 5 billion CFU. If you’re giving your dog spore forming probiotics, you can also use a smaller amount of CFUs because they easily survive the gut acidity. Look for about 1 billion CFU. Do Probiotics Have Side Effects? For the most part, probiotics are a completely safe supplement that have numerous safety studies. The most frequent side effects are digestive upset, gas and bloating. The more frequently found issue with probiotics is that they don’t work. Here are some conditions where probiotics may not work in your dog: Small Intestinal Bacteria Overgrowth (SIBO) Most of your dog’s bacteria are meant to live in his colon. Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth (SIBO) happens when abnormally large numbers of bacteria take up residence in the small intestine. These bacteria can interfere with digestion and nutrient absorption in the small intestine. SIBO can be caused by a few factors, including: Diets that are high in sugar and carbohydrates Reduced gut motility Drugs that disrupt the microbiome (antibiotics and steroids) It’s estimated that about 80% of people with chronic digestive issues actually have SIBO. And the number in dogs might be just as high.The symptoms of SIBO include: Chronic or intermittent diarrhea Weight loss Gastresophophageal reflux disease (GERD) Gas IBS (or inflammatory bowel disease) Food intolerances Skin issues Leaky gut Because SIBO is an overgrowth of bacteria, giving your dog probiotics will be like adding fuel to the fire … depending on the probiotic. So if your dog’s symptoms get worse with probiotics, it could be a sign he has SIBO. Spore forming (soil based) bacteria are a better choice if you suspect your dog has SIBO. These probiotics have a protective coating that allows them to stay in their spore state until their environment is safe. This allows them to pass through the small intestine and colonize in the colon. Probiotics After Antibiotics This one might surprise you! A 2018 study found that giving Lactobacillus probiotics after antibiotic use caused a delay in the microbiome’s recovery. And the recovery was less complete compared to the group where no probiotics were given. The best probiotics to help restore your dog’s microbiome after antibiotics are Saccharomyces boulardii and soil based probiotics (Bacillus subtiliis and Bacillus coagulans). Related: Why you should consider alternatives to antibiotics … How Long Should Dogs Be On Probiotics? If you’re giving probiotics as part of a preventative health plan, then you can give them most days. Soil based probiotics are typically a better choice for everyday probiotics since they are less likely to cause SIBO. If your dog has diarrhea, then a high CFU lactic acid probiotic should help within a few days. Some studies show that probiotics can cut the recovery time roughly in half. It’s best to continue the probiotics for a few weeks, to help resolve the underlying gut issues. If your dog has chronic diarrhea or a digestive disorder, then a good multi-strain probiotic with gut-soothing herbs is a good choice. In this case, you’ll want to keep your dog on the probiotics long-term or until the diarrhea completely resolves. References Minamoto Y et al. Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin and dysbiosis in fecal samples of dogs with diarrhea. Vet Microbiol. 2014 Dec 5;174(3-4):463-473. Baillon MLA et al. Effects of probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus strain DSM13241 in healthy adult dogs. Am J Vet Res. 2004 Mar;65(3):338-43. Fernandez L et al. Characterization of Lactobacillus rhamnosus MP01 and Lactobacillus plantarum MP02 and assessment of their potential for the prevention of gastrointestinal infections in an experimental canine model. Front. Microbiol. 24 May 2019. Kirchoff NS et al. The gut microbiome correlates with conspecific aggression in a small population of rescued dogs (Canis familiaris). PeerJ. 2019;7:e6103. Russell KL, MS et al. Clinical benefits of probiotic canine-derived bifidobacterium animalis strain AHC7 in dogs with acute idiopathic diarrhea. 2019 Mar 8. Lewellen H, DVM et al. Boosting tranquility through nutrition. 2016 Apr 26. Strompfová V et al. Selection of enterococci for potential canine probiotic additives. Vet Microbiol. 2004 May 20;100(1-2):107-14. Hammerum AM et al. Enterococci of animal origin and their significance for public health. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. 2012 Jul;18(7):619-625. Bakal G et al. Naturally speaking – probiotics going to the dogs. 2017 Apr 6. D’Angelo S et al. Effect of Saccharomyces boulardii in dog with chronic enteropathies: double-blinded, placebo-controlled study. Vet Rec. 2018 Mar 3;182(9):258. Abhari K et al. The effects of orally administered Bacillus coagulans and inulin on prevention and progression of rheumatoid arthritis in rats. Food Nutr Res. 2016 Jul 15;60:30876. Konuray G et al. Potential use of Bacillus coagulans in the food industry. Foods. 2018 Jun; 7(6): 92. Felix AP et al. Digestibility and fecal characteristics of dogs fed with Bacillus subtilis in diet. Cienc. Rural. 2010 Oct;40(10). Suez J et al. Post-antibiotic gut mucosal microbiome reconstitution is impaired by probiotics and improved by autologous FMT. Cell. 2018 Sep 6;174(6):1406-1423.e16. Kelley RL et al. Safety and tolerance of dietary supplementation with a canine-derived probiotic (Bifidobacterium animalis strain AHC7) fed to growing dogs. Vet Ther. Fall 2010;11(3):E1-14. START MAKING YOUR OWN DOG FOOD TODAY Get instant access to easy-to-make and affordable recipes. Plus get new recipes delivered right to your inbox. Start Now Dana Scott More Articles Dana Scott More Articles Related Posts Turkey Carcass Bone Broth Recipe For Dogs Green Lipped Mussels For Dogs: Replace Those Harmful NSAIDs Glucosamine For Dogs: The Top Home Sources 5 Disease-Fighting Antioxidants For Dogs Search Popular Posts Turkey Carcass Bone Broth Recipe For Dogs Green Lipped Mussels For Dogs: Replace Those Harmful NSAIDs Glucosamine For Dogs: The Top Home Sources 5 Disease-Fighting Antioxidants For Dogs Never Use Isopropyl Alcohol On Your Dog The Problem With NSAIDs For Dogs Join nearly 100,000 subscribers who love Dogs Naturally to unlock special discounts and premium content. SUBSCRIBE NOW Learn More CBD Oil For Dogs Diarrhea Ear Infections Allergies Yeast Infections Raw Feeding DNM Partners Shop Dogs Naturally Four Leaf Rover DNM Pro Dogs Naturally About Dogs Naturally Write For Dogs Naturally FAQs Contact Us Login Contact Us \| Privacy Policy \| Terms Of Use Ⓒ 2021 - Dogs Naturally Magazine Inc. 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0.999999	Have it ever happened to you that your package was left by a postman in front of your home door, but when you come at place you see it isn't there? The text you are quoting: Have it ever happened to you that your package was left by a postman in front of your home door, but when you come at place you see it isn't there?
0.999997	#define XATTR_NAME_MAX 255 /* # chars in an extended attribute name / #define XATTR_SIZE_MAX 65536 / size of an extended attribute value (64k) / After this preparation step, further processing is delegated to vfs_setxattr. The associated code flow diagram is shown in Figure 11-3. Figure 11-3: Code flow diagram for vfs_setxattr. At first, the kernel needs to make sure that the user is privileged to perform the desired operation; the choice is made by xattr_permission. For Read-Only or immutable inodes, the operation fails immediately; otherwise, the following checks are performed: fs/xattr.c static int xattr_permission(struct inode inode, const char name, int mask) { No restriction for security.* and system.* from the VFS. Decision * on these is left to the underlying file system / security module. if (!strncmp(name, XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX, XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX_LEN) \|\| !strncmp(name, XATTR_SYSTEM_PREFIX, XATTR_SYSTEM_PREFIX_LEN)) return 0; * The trusted.* namespace can only accessed by a privileged user. if (!strncmp(name, XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX, XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX_LEN)) return (capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) ? 0 : -EPERM); /* In user.* namespace, only regular files and directories can have * extended attributes. For sticky directories, only the owner and * privileged user can write attributes. if (!strncmp(name, XATTR_USER_PREFIX, XATTR_USER_PREFIX_LEN)) { if (!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) && !S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) return -EPERM; if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && (inode->i_mode & S_ISVTX) && (mask & MAY_WRITE) && !is_owner_or_cap(inode)) return -EPERM; return permission(inode, mask, NULL); The VFS layer does not care about attributes that live in the security or system namespace. Note that the request is granted if 0 is returned as result of xattr_permission! The kernel ignores these namespaces and delegates the choice to security modules that are included via numerous security-related calls, security_*, found everywhere in the kernel, or the underlying filesystem. However, the VFS layer is concerned about the trusted namespace. Only a sufficiently privileged user (i.e., root or a user with appropriate capabilities) is allowed to perform operations on such attributes. For a change, the comments in the source code state precisely how the kernel thinks that attributes from the user namespace should be taken care of, so I need not add anything further. Any decision for attributes from a different namespace from those processed until now is deferred to the generic permission function as discussed in Section 8.5.3. Note that this includes ACL checks that are implemented with the aid of extended attributes; how these checks are implemented is discussed in Section 11.2.2. If the inode passed the permission check, vfs_setxattr continues as follows: 1. If a filesystem-specific setxattr method is available in the inode operations, it is called to perform the low-level interaction with the filesystem. After this, fsnotify_xattr uses the inotify mechanism to inform the userland about the extended attribute change. 2. If no setxattr method is available (i.e., if the underlying filesystem does not support extended attributes), but the extended attribute in question belongs to the security namespace, then the kernel tries to use a function that can be provided by security frameworks like SELinux. If no such framework is registered, the operation is denied. This allows security labels on files that reside on filesystems without extended attribute support. It is the task of the security subsystem to store the information in a reasonable way. Note that some more hook functions of the security framework are called during the extended attribute system calls. They are omitted here since if no extra security framework like SELinux is present, they will have no effect. Since the implementation for the system calls getxattr and removexattr nearly completely follows the scheme presented for setxattr, it is not necessary to discuss them in greater depth. The differences are as follows: □ getxattr does not need to use fnotify because nothing is modified. □ removeattr need not copy an attribute value, but only the name from the userspace. No special casing for the security handler is required. The code for listing all extended attributes associated with a file differs more from this scheme, particularly because no function vfs_listxattr is used. All work is performed in listxattr. The implementation proceeds in three easy steps: 1. Adapt the maximum size of the list as given by by the userspace program such that it is not higher than the maximal size of an extended attribute list as allowed by the kernel with xattr_list_max, and allocate the required memory.
0.999976	I'm a product description. I'm a great place to add more details about your product such as sizing, material, care instructions and cleaning instructions. I'm a Product SKU： 0007 ¥12価格 Size 選択数量カートに追加する Product Info I'm a product detail. I'm a great place to add more information about your product such as sizing, material, care and cleaning instructions. This is also a great space to write what makes this product special and how your customers can benefit from this item. Return & Refund Policy I’m a Return and Refund policy. I’m a great place to let your customers know what to do in case they are dissatisfied with their purchase. Having a straightforward refund or exchange policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy with confidence. Shipping Info I'm a shipping policy. I'm a great place to add more information about your shipping methods, packaging and cost. Providing straightforward information about your shipping policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy from you with confidence.
0.904208	Trying to think out of the box is the idea for Inexpensive crafting so this project is no different check out your local dollar tree in your party supply section a to make this cute candy jar or light up lantern let’s get started What do you need is: black spray paint East 6000 hot glue ribbon mini candle wreath candy dish candle stick and any embellishments you like to use for your lantern also you might check out purchasing battery operated lights to put inside Next you’ll take outside to a well ventilated area and spray paint the candy dish lid and the glass candle stick I used Home Depot‘s flat matte spray paint in black you could do any color of your choice Just like this let dry for next step Next I added some greens and berries to lid to just give that extra touch I added the candle wreath around the bottom of the cans dish. It's super easy, just cut a small slit on the wreath and slide it around the bottom. To see me do it watch my YouTube video. Once you slide the wreath over the container just add a bow to finish! Tada! This less the $3 DIY is done. Here is the finished product. Now you can add candy or the battery lights to light up any area or Christmas village { "id": "7999309", "alt": "", "title": "", "video_link": "https://www.youtube.com/embed/SVu7zer0CrY", "youtube_video_id": "SVu7zer0CrY" }
0.952996	382E4ECF-E436-4ADF-B747-F4332E0B10F9 3489A318-CEAD-403C-B94F-8998272D9D23 3C3FCFC0-6A4D-4996-B3BF-15039B4A0A8F A football match that had devastating consequences On 11 March 2020, Liverpool exited the Champions League at the round of 16 stage after losing 3-2 to Atletico Madrid at Anfield, and 4-2 on aggregate, but the match is remembered more for what is caused rather than the result. The decision to allow 3,000 Spanish fans to travel to Liverpool, despite lockdowns in their own country due to the (at the time) ever growing threat of the coronavirus pandemic, is one that has frustrated and angered people for the past 18 months. The government has been criticised for failing to take action as virus rates grew, as a number of major events were still allowed to take place in March, with a report last week finding that 37 people died unnecessarily because of the decision to stage the match. The two sides face each other again tonight, at a time when coronavirus rates in the United Kingdom are rising by close to 50,000 each day. Once again, the possibility of a lockdown is being floated. Once again, people are pretending that everything is fine. Days before Madrid went into lockdown, Liverpool vs Atletico Madrid was allowed to go ahead. A new study has found this delay 'caused increased suffering and death'. pic.twitter.com/NMvt3lpMtB — FootballJOE (@FootballJOE) May 27, 2020 Nearly 18 months on from that night, we know that the game should never have gone ahead. Atletico fans should never have been allowed to enter the country. Disgracefully, though, it did - and people paid the price for it. This is the story of the football match that drastically increased virus rates in England, told by the fans who were there to witness it. Keifer MacDonald "In hindsight, it’s terrifying to think that the game was allowed to take place" It’ll be a rather surreal experience when Liverpool welcome Atletico Madrid to Anfield next month, 18 months after the infamous Anfield encounter marked the end of life as we knew it. In hindsight, it’s terrifying to think that the game was allowed to take place, let alone with travelling supporters from Madrid. I, like many others, had been in Madrid just weeks prior for the first leg, where in the days upon returning to England it became apparent just how bad the Spanish capital’s Covid situation was. Though, that didn’t deter me from attending fixtures for the next few weeks. However, the penultimate week of sport with spectators in attendance, which saw Liverpool face Bournemouth at Anfield, is when rumours and rumblings of just how serious the situation was began to circulate. On the eve of Atletico’s trip to Merseyside, it became apparent that something wasn’t right. Borussia Dortmund fans who had travelled to Paris for their tie with PSG were being told they would be unable to attend the fixture, while as thousands of Spaniards descended on Merseyside, there was silence from all those with authority. As with any football match, where it seems that your worries escape you for 90 minutes, this fixture felt no different. Though it very quickly became clear that this would be the last time we would be packed inside Anfield, for a very long time. The devastating impact that the game had on the city and the community of Liverpool is something that should, and will, never be forgotten. Accountability is needed. Personally speaking, it was only during the weeks and months that were spent reflecting during the lockdowns that the guilt and realisation of the situation started to set in as the casualty rate began to hike uncontrollably. Even 18 months later there is still burning anger amongst many as to why the game was sanctioned. Despite lockdowns in their own country, there were 3,000 Atletico Madrid fans inside Anfield for the match. (Photo by Julian Finney/Getty Images) Mandy Palmer "We never imagined that it would be our last game at Anfield for so long" The day or two leading up to the game there was a lot of uncertainty as to what was happening. I had made arrangements with my friends to meet for dinner and drinks and we were all debating about whether or not the game should have gone ahead, so we were all feeling a little apprehensive. There was definitely a strange atmosphere once we were in the ground and I think the players also felt something. We never imagined that it would be our last game at Anfield for so long. There was not really any separation with the Atletico fans, especially in the city centre. Much like on a 'normal' Champions League match day, fans turned up in numbers to welcome Liverpool to Anfield. (Photo by Laurence Griffiths/Getty Images) Adam Doyle "It was one of those things that you looked at and thought, should I be doing the same?" Looking back now, it was nothing short of embarrassing that the powers that be allowed such a large population of people to congregate in one place, at one time from several different countries. With everything we’ve learnt in the aftermath, it was probably the worst possible thing they could have done. Hindsight is a brilliant thing and truth be told, being in the ground that night, something felt massively off. I’ve been fortunate enough to have attended hundreds of Liverpool games over the years, but the Atletico game didn’t feel like a normal Anfield matchday. I saw a few, and I must stress, only a few, people wearing masks. It was one of those things that you looked at and thought, should I be doing the same? It’s hard to not mix the build-up and match itself from the aftermath. At the end of the day, Liverpool lost. As with any loss, there’s excuses and being in the presser after the game, I picked up on Klopp noting the whole experiencing feeling weird, but the cynic within me is saying ‘would he have said it if Liverpool won?’ Emotions would have been different and maybe the initial thoughts post-match would have been performance-centred as opposed to the impending global pandemic. I guess we’ll never know what would have happened, but it didn’t feel normal and rightly so. The preliminary findings concluded 37 people died because the game was staged. I whole heartedly believe they should be remembered by the club because it was their love for their football team that saw them travel to the ground that day, despite the obvious scare of COVID-related articles flooding through social media prior to kick-off. Marcus Llorente and Alvaro Morata scored in extra-time to give Atletico a 4-2 lead on aggregate. (Photo by Alex Livesey - Danehouse/Getty Images) Jay Legate "It didn’t feel particularly crowded until the Atletico fans were passing in procession" That night I was putting together a piece, ‘The Long Wait', about Liverpool waiting 30 years to win the league. I was at the ground before kick-off but didn’t have a ticket so I left at about 8pm. The plan was to film presenter links, GVs and vox pops on the night. The atmosphere was electric as you’d expect for a European night, it felt like the fans were more focused at the time on winning the title finally than anything else. Reality hadn’t set in for anyone I don’t think. There was an advert running on the big screen in front of the stadium advising people to wash their hands etc. but that was about it in terms of a visible Covid presence. I was mindful to make sure I was as mobile as possible so I was carrying just the camera and monopod so I could easily maintain distance when filming. I would do that anyway to be fair, but was particularly mindful of it. The presenter had a boom mic which I wiped down before and after shooting. It didn’t feel particularly crowded until the Atletico fans were passing in procession and they were singing, Liverpool fans were singing back, police were in between. It wasn’t particularly rowdy, but there was the usual tension between the two sets of fans. It was also the first time I remember being actually conscious of the fact that there were a lot of people around, which was never something I ever really thought about at a game before. As people heading in started to thin out, I started getting detail GV shots, including filming along the handrail as people were going past. Truth be told I didn’t get that shot thinking of Covid at the time, it was just because I’d got everything on the shot list and was just standing next to it and liked the framing of the shot. I'm glad I got it in hindsight because it ended up being a useful shot to have later. Anfield - and the Kop - was at full capacity for the game. (Photo by Visionhaus) Max Clark "The risks, in this case, certainly outweighed the rewards" Nobody knew the severity of allowing floods of fans to attend such a high-profile game, just as the pandemic was beginning.Yet, caution should have prevailed. The risks, in this case, certainly outweighed the rewards. Every cough from the stands was potentially hazardous and still fans were told it was safe to travel and watch our team play. This ambiguous messaging from the government and the media was, borderline, dangerous and has possibly since caused more Covid related deaths that were otherwise preventable. Anxiety and tension were palpable within Anfield. Perhaps due to the difficulty of the fixture, or perhaps due to the COVID risks. In reality, it was a combination of the two and it made for an uncomfortable fan experience. Ultimately, however, fan experience seldom matters to the money men in football. That was the main reason this game was played in spite of the clear, covid relate, issues. Ensure UEFA’s pockets are lined and worry about the aftermath later. Unfortunately, this attitude towards fans has been clear for some time and UEFA aren’t the only guilty party. Thankfully, although Liverpool lost, the fans in attendance were treated to a great game of football. A silver lining on an event marred with covid confusion and controversy. Liverpool vs Atletico was the last big sporting event to go ahead in the country before all were suspended as the pandemic put everything on hold. (Photo by Robbie Jay Barratt - AMA/Getty Images) Daniel Brown (me) "It is a football match that will never be remembered for what happened on the pitch" It was the first time that I had attended a Champions League match at Anfield as a journalist, so without even thinking about the wider picture, it was a big moment for me personally when I was informed that I would be attending. After a short period of excitement, I was quickly reminded of the global pandemic that had just started to impact thousands of people around the world as my girlfriend said, "Are you sure it's safe to go?" The answer, thinking back now, should have always have been no. It's certainly not an excuse, but I think as football fans, the love we have for our team sometimes takes over and we ignore 'real life'. Evidently, by me writing this, I did choose to attend the match and arriving at Anfield, the atmosphere was certainly strange. It was like everyone know that the game shouldn't be taking place, but because it was, the powers that be must have been confident that was actually safe to do so. Very few people were wearing face masks and you really did look at those who were doing and wonder if you were doing something wrong by not doing so. Looking back now, there is so much that, on a personal note, I would've done differently. Yet, I would be lying if I said that for the duration of the match, I was thinking about the Covid situation. It was a thrilling Champions League tie that had everyone in the stadium sat on the edge of their seats. I walked away from Anfield bitterly disappointed that the Reds had exited the Champions League, how ridiculous is that? It's ridiculous on reflection, anyway. It sounds obvious but it was a shocking decision to allow the game to take place, let alone with travelling supporters from Atletico Madrid. In everything that we’ve learnt in the aftermath of the tie, it was a terrible decision to allow the game to go ahead - with preliminary findings concluding that 37 people died because of the fixture. Football truly becomes meaningless when you consider the consequences of the match. Around 18 months later, as Liverpool travel to Madrid to face Atletico for the first time since that night, there is still understandable anger that the game went ahead. I really don't know who sanctioned the game, but I'm sure there are a lot of people to blame. It is a football match that will be remembered for the consequences it had, rather than what happened on the pitch. 🎧 LISTEN to From The Corner, with DAZN and JOE. This week, Lawrence Okolie joins David Alorka and Swarzy to talk Lopez, Kambosos Jr and Canelo. 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0.951211	The awards ceremony was a pep rally and a processing of trauma, but it also raised questions about inclusivity. newyorker.com 2021 Tony Awards: Complete list of winners and nominees "Jagged Little Pill," the musical featuring songs and music written by Alanis Morissette, received the most nominations with 15. cbsnews.com Tonys Latest: Stars arrive eager about Broadway's return The red carpet for Sunday's Tony Awards has started and stars are praising the return of live theater after the pandemic shuttered theaters for more than a year. Tonys Latest: ‘Moulin Rouge!’ wins best new musical crown “Moulin Rogue. 2021 Tony Awards: Complete list of winners and nominees "Jagged Little Pill," the musical featuring songs and music written by Alanis Morissette, received the most nominations with 15. cbsnews.com 'Moulin Rouge! The Musical' sashays home with 10 Tony Awards “Moulin Rouge. How to stream the 2021 Tony Awards and 'Broadway's Back!' special See Lin-Manuel Miranda, Idina Menzel, Leslie Odom Jr. Jake Gyllenhaal and more at the 74th annual Tony Awards. cbsnews.com Chenoweth, Miranda, Rivera and more to celebrate Broadway Many of Broadway’s biggest lights — including Kristin Chenoweth, Lin-Manuel Miranda, Chita Rivera and Idina Menzel — will make appearances at Sunday’s TV celebration of Broadway’s return. Ad New this week: 'The Starling,' Diddy and Billy Bob Thornton This week’s new entertainment releases include new albums from rapper Diddy and “Star Trek” star William Shatner, as well as Melissa McCarthy playing a grief-stricken mother in the Netflix drama “The Starling.”. Tony Awards land hosts Leslie Odom Jr. and Audra McDonald The long-delayed Tony Awards have landed two impressive master of ceremonies — Tony- and Grammy-winning singer and actor Leslie Odom Jr. will host a splashy TV special and the awards will be hosted by Tony-, Grammy- and Emmy Award-winning actor and singer Audra McDonald. New York theater leaders agree on a New Deal for Broadway A wide Broadway coalition of theater owners, producers, union leaders, creators and casting directors have hammered out a series of reforms and commitments for the theater industry to ensure equity, diversity, inclusion and accessibility. After Scott Rudin bullying exposé, there are mostly crickets How have Hollywood and Broadway responded to an exposé detailing routine abuse and bullying by producer Scott Rudin. Meryl Streep, Mary-Louise Parker to star in spring plays Mary-Louise Parker attends the Broadway opening of "After Midnight" on Nov. 3, 2013 in New York, left, and Meryl Streep arrives at the premiere of the film 'The Laundromat' at the 76th edition of the Venice Film Festival, Venice, Italy, on Sept. 1, 2019. Parker and Streep have signed on to perform in a new virtual play series this spring while Broadway is closed. (AP Photo)NEW YORK – Meryl Streep, Mary-Louise Parker, Audra McDonald, Kevin Klein, Carla Gugino and Keanu Reeves have signed on to perform in a new virtual play series this spring while Broadway is closed. The series kicks off Thursday with “The Thanksgiving Play” by Larissa FastHorse, directed by Leigh Silverman starring Reeves, Bobby Cannavale, Heidi Schreck and Alia Shawkat. The next show — on April 8 — will feature “Angry, Raucous and Shamelessly Gorgeous” by Pearl Cleage directed by Camille A. 'Jagged Little Pill' leads Tony Awards nominations with 15 This image released by Vivacity Media Group shows Elizabeth Stanley, left, and Celia Rose Gooding during a performance of "Jagged Little Pill." The musical leads the Tony Awards nominations with 15 nods in a pandemic-shortened season. The dozen nods make “Slave Play” the most nominated play in Tony history. The nominations were pulled from just 18 eligible plays and musicals, a fraction of the 34 shows the season before. The 2020 Tony Awards ceremony will be broadcast digitally and take place later this year, at a date still to be announced. Closed Captioning Contests and Rules KSAT Internships Email Newsletters Subscribe to KSAT RSS Feeds Contact Us Careers at KSAT Terms of Use Privacy Policy Public File FCC Applications Do Not Sell My Info Follow Us facebook twitter instagram youtube rss Get Results with Omne If you need help with the Public File, call 210-351-1241. Copyright © 2021 KSAT.com is managed by Graham Digital and pubished by Graham Media Group, a division of Graham Holdings.
0.892833	Do you have a keen eye for detail, a knack for painting, drawing, or decorating? Learn how to start a career working part-time as a freelance artist. In these tough economic times, people can’t afford to spend lavishly – which includes fine gallery art for personal enjoyment, home or office decoration. However, as an individual artist, you can take advantage of the opportunity to offer custom, affordable art pieces that people can enjoy on any budget. As a freelance artist, you can work from home, with a career that is personally fulfilling, spiritually enriching, and offers an excellent way to make some extra money. If you have natural skills with drawing, painting and a good eye for color and detail, then you can work from home as a freelance artist. By building relationships with businesses and individuals in your community, you can create customized works of art that will be proudly displayed all over town. You can exercise control over you work by setting your own rates and your own hours. A good way to get your artistic abilities recognized is to start with a pro bono project, such as a mural or a custom piece designed for a nonprofit organization. From there, you can generate interest in your work and start making extra money. With a few solid works of art in your portfolio, you can begin selling existing pieces or create customized items for clients. The sky is the limit with this fun job opportunity. Working from home as a freelance artist is an exciting and lucrative business idea. Skills Required: artistic skills, organization skills, communication skills It takes a combination of communication and organization skills to be successful as a freelance artist. In addition to basic artistic skills with a variety of mediums, such as watercolors, sculpting, oil painting, and many others, you need to possess organization and communication skills. This is important for developing and implementing project ideas, as well as understanding exactly what you client envisions for the work of art. Startup Expenses: $100-200 The startup expenses for this business idea are moderate. Depending on what art supplies you already have and whether or not you already possess some sellable items, you might need to invest in canvas, paints, brushes from the start. These will allow you to create some basic pieces and a general portfolio to share with potential clients. Monthly Revenues: $500-$800 per month Depending on how many clients you can secure and how many projects you can complete in one month, you can earn a respectable amount of money each month working as a freelance artist. Be sure to include the cost of materials and supplies when factoring prices for your projects. Monthly Expenses: $50-$75 Monthly expenses for this fun job opportunity are actually higher if you factor in the costs of materials and supplies, however, if you price carefully, you can pass most of the cost on to your clients. The major costs will include advertising your services, as well as fuel to travel from location to location. Time to Break Even: 3 months It takes a little patience to start seeing a profit as a freelance artist. Be diligent and don’t lose faith. It’s easy to work from home as a freelance artist and make extra money. The best part is that you get to enrich lives while do something that you love day in and day out. PrevPreviousShould You Hire Employees or Independent Contractors? NextBecome a Travel Planner and Be Your Own BossNext Today's Free Templates Sports Apparel Store Business Plan Sell high-quality sports apparel at your own sports clothing store. Get started by writing a successful business plan! Check out this sports apparel business plan sample to get your business start. MSP Marketing Plan: 12-Month Step-by-Step Details – Free Download Download this free pre-written MSP marketing plan template for proven month-by-month steps to generate qualified IT leads. Editable Microsoft Word format. Product Update Press Release Template Has your business recently updated a product? Let your consumers know with this press release template for announcing product updates. More → Affiliate Disclosure This post may contain affiliate links to help us pay for running the website. See our affiliate disclosure for details. Thanks! Free Marketing Plan Download our free marketing plan example to create a detailed plan for your business. Includes sample text, charts and tables.
0.999999	Create a blog post subtitle that summarizes your post in a few short, punchy sentences and entices your audience to continue reading. Welcome to your blog post. Use this space to connect with your readers and potential customers in a way that’s current and interesting. Think of it as an ongoing conversation where you can share updates about business, trends, news, and more. Do you have a design in mind for your blog? Whether you prefer a trendy postcard look or you’re going for a more editorial style blog - there’s a stunning layout for everyone. You’ll be posting loads of engaging content, so be sure to keep your blog organized with Categories that also allow visitors to explore more of what interests them. Create Relevant Content Writing a blog is a great way to position yourself as an authority in your field and captivate your readers’ attention. Do you want to improve your site’s SEO ranking? Consider topics that focus on relevant keywords and relate back to your website or business. You can also add hashtags (#vacation #dream #summer) throughout your posts to reach more people, and help visitors search for relevant content. Blogging gives your site a voice, so let your business’ personality shine through. Choose a great image to feature in your post or add a video for extra engagement. Are you ready to get started? Simply create a new post now. 0 views0 comments Post not marked as liked Recent Posts See All The world's most stunning camping spots 10 Post not marked as liked How to choose the best hiking boots? Our expert's advise 00 Post not marked as liked Trekking in the Himalayas 00 Post not marked as liked NEPTUNE'S LAW Explore Help Social Newsletter Based out of the Bay State Tel: 1-833-OCEANS8 [email protected] Shop FAQ Contact Shipping & Returns Our Commitment Store Policy About Payment Methods Want to be the first to know about new products and promotions? Subscribe Thanks for submitting! Neptune’s Law is a family-owned and operated company committed to producing the highest quality nautical clothing and goods for people who love the sea and its many faces.
0.999987	Engage your employees with a motivational experience that gets people more active and strengthens their health resiliency, combatting chronic disease and building protection from viruses such as COVID-19. Engage and motivate employees Boost employee morale, connection, and engagement through an inclusive wellness offering. Improve employee health Save costs through prevention-focused health guidance. Behavioural and health insights Monitor employee engagement and population health. The American Heart Association recommends that cardiorespiratory fitness be regularly assessed and utilized as a clinical vital sign. Reduce health costs through the science of cardiorespiratory fitness Cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is recognized by healthcare professionals as a leading predictor of morbidity and mortality. See the science behind PAI How PAI gets people on the right path to better cardiorespiratory fitness The PAI Health app shows people the heart health impact from physical activity — through PAI points earned from activities and their overall PAI Score. The app guides people with goals, showing them what they need to do to improve their cardiorespiratory fitness, expressed as ‘Fitness Age’, which keeps people motivated when they can see their progress. Learn about cardiorespiratory fitness PAI Score: Shows people the heart health impact of their physical activity. 100 PAI: Good CRF and maximum health protection Fitness Age: Translates CRF to a relatable figure and guides people to improvement with goals and progress trends. Fitness Age trend: Health improvement projection based on activity level. PAI Score: Shows people the heart health impact of their physical activity. 100 PAI: ‍Good cardiorespiratory fitness and maximum health protection Fitness Age: Translates CRF to a relatable figure and guides people to improvement with goals and progress trends. Fitness Age trend: Health improvement projection based on activity level. Motivational 7-day score Creates a gamified experience grounded in science, that fits people's schedules and allows for rest days. Smart goals & nudges Meets people where they are at and adapts as they progress, with goals that are suited to each individual's fitness level. Encouragement & feedback Helps people towards their goals with personalized activity suggestions and recognition for achievements. Quantified heart health benefits Shows people the value of elevating their heart rate, and helps them see the impact of their activities through their Fitness Age. Applied behavioural science to keep users engaged Keeping users motivated and changing lifestyle habits "I would absolutely recommend using PAI to anybody. By getting the points that I’m getting, I know I’m doing something really positive for my health. So get on with it, get some PAI in your life!" Dave, Canada “It changed my lifestyle completely. I have lost 15 lbs and lowered my blood pressure in 8 months” Jeff, New Jersey, USA ”What I like about PAI is I don’t have to worry about how many hours I work out - I just go based on the points.” Felix, New York, USA “PAI has made a real difference in my exercise as it really motivates me to get out and do exercise and increase my fitness” Dom, Edinburgh, UK “I was super excited to find a tracking system that wasn’t just trying to get me to 10,000 steps a day. That’s not how I exercise. It’s counting how your heart is doing, it’s counting your health.” JD, Colorado Springs, USA "I would absolutely recommend using PAI to anybody. By getting the points that I’m getting, I know I’m doing something really positive for my health. So get on with it, get some PAI in your life!" Dave, Canada “PAI has made a real difference in my exercise as it really motivates me to get out and do exercise and increase my fitness” Dom, Edinburgh, UK “It changed my lifestyle completely. I have lost 15 lbs and lowered my blood pressure in 8 months” Jeff ”What I like about PAI is I don’t have to worry about how many hours I work out - I just go based on the points.” Felix, New York, USA “I was super excited to find a tracking system that wasn’t just trying to get me to 10,000 steps a day. That’s not how I exercise. It’s counting how your heart is doing, it’s counting your health.” JD, Colorado Springs, USA Corporate pilot case study High retention and engagement equals meaningful change A global corporate pilot ran for 16 weeks with 518 participants. There was a 71% retention rate and average improvement of Fitness Age by 5 years. This is a compelling outcome given the pilot spanned the peak of COVID-19 with no added incentives. What users are saying: 90% Gave me satisfaction earning PAI. 74.5% Showed me the health value of my physical activity. 85% Increased my understanding about the value of high intensity exercise. Increase in activity drives improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness in as little as 16 weeks Read corporate pilot case study Easy implementation tailored to your organization’s needs Engage policyholders through the PAI Health app and monitor results through our Analytics Dashboard, or integrate the PAI Score into your ecosystem with our API technology designed for easy integration. Uncover insights with PAI Health’s Analytics Dashboard Gain access to group reports in our Analytics Dashboard to assess fitness levels, monitor progress and track meaningful results. Engage users with the PAI Health app The PAI Health app uses behaviour change science to help build habits, with personalized insights and encouragement. Users can track weekly habits against their PAI goals and see longer term progress through their Fitness Age. Customized integration with PAI Health API Our SaaS-based solution is HIPAA and GDPR compliant, utilizing best of breed technologies. The RESTful microservices architecture provides enterprise level reliability and scale delivered on cloud native infrastructure. Keeping employees engaged and motivated Gen Re and PAI partnered on a global pilot program to study the impact of the PAI Health app and the PAI Score on participants' engagement and behaviour change. At the end of a four-month pilot program, the West Vancouver Police Department was thrilled with the results. Employee engagement, activity levels achieved, and feedback from participants all exceeded expectations. We meet many insuretech companies with promising ideas, but PAI Health stood out from the start due to the scientific rigour behind their solution. We have no doubt about the value of PAI for the insurance community and helping consumers lead longer, healthier lives. Winfried Heinen Former Head of Life and Health International, Gen Re Read case study This PAI pilot was the most successful thing we have done that generated real positive change! Our employees loved the PAI metric as it was an accurate way of measuring physical activity and it made people realize they needed to push themselves more.
0.990795	The COVID-19 booster vaccine dose helps improve the protection you have from your first two doses of the vaccine. It helps give you longer-term protection against getting seriously ill from COVID-19. You can get the COVID-19 booster if you fit into one of the categories below: people aged 40 and over people who live and work in care homes frontline health and social care workers people aged 16 and over with a health condition that puts them at high risk of getting seriously ill from COVID-19 carers aged 16 and over people aged 16 and over who live with someone who is more likely to get infections (such as someone who has HIV, has had a transplant or is having certain treatments for cancer, lupus or rheumatoid arthritis) People who are pregnant and in one of the eligible groups can also get a booster dose. The COVID-19 booster can only be administered six months after your 2nd COVID-19 dose. Eligible residents will be contacted by the NHS or can book by emailing [email protected] or calling 0204 506 8833. The following pharmacies in Redbridge are offering the COVID-19 Booster vaccination: Britannia Pharmacy, Ilford Mayors Pharmacy, Woodford Green Wanstead Pharmacy Visit the NHS website to find out more about the COVID-19 booster vaccine Vaccinations for young people and children The NHS is now offering the COVID-19 vaccine to children and young people. All young people aged 12 to 17 years will be offered a first dose of vaccine. The timing of a second dose will be confirmed later. Some young people, such as those who have an underlying health condition, or who live with adults or children who have a reduced ability to fight infections and other diseases, are at greater risk if they catch COVID-19. They will need two doses of vaccine, eight weeks apart. Eligible young people will be offered the Pfizer vaccine. If being offered the vaccination in school, parents and guardians will receive a consent form to give their permission. Vaccinations for children and young people can also now be booked using the NHS online booking system Guide for eligible children and young people aged 12 to 17 All aged 16-17 can book the COVID-19 Pfizer vaccine at one of the clinics below. Date Time Location (all offering Pfizer vaccinations only) Redbridge clinics for all: COVID-19 1st and 2nd dose Pfizer vaccine No proof of address, immigration status or NHS number is required for the pop-up clinics – just confirmation of your age. If you have older or younger relatives who have not yet had their vaccinations, bring them along. You usually have the second dose 8 to 12 weeks after the first dose. Some people at high risk from COVID-19 can get earlier appointments for their second dose (at 8 weeks instead of 12 weeks). Wait to be contacted if you think you are in this group. Book your 1st or 2nd dose of the COVID-19 vaccine now at one of the clinics below by calling 0204 506 8833 or e-mail [email protected] Date Time Location (all offering the Pfizer vaccine only) Friday 3 December 5pm-7pm Fullwell Cross Medical Centre Saturday 4 December 8.15am - 7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 11 December 8.15am - 7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Monday 12 December 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 16 December 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 18 December 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Sunday 19 December 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 30 December 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Tuesday 4 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 8 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 9 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Tuesday 11 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 13 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 15 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Sunday 16 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Tuesday 18 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 20 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 22 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Sunday 23 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Tuesday 25 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Thursday 27 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Saturday 29 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Sunday 30 January 8.15am -7.45pm (Walk ins up to 5pm, 5pm -7.20pm appointments only for 1st, 2nd and Booster dose + 3rd dose available) Redbridge Town Hall Pharmacies offering COVID-19 1st and 2nd dose Britannia Pharmacy, Horns Road, Ilford Questions and Answers on the COVID-19 Vaccines Does this mean people can turn up at vaccination services without an appointment? For walk-in clinics, yes. If it isn't a walk-in clinic, residents will need to make an appointment in advance. This is important because booking slots are carefully managed to allow for social distancing and the number of appointments is based on the supply available that day. Do I need to know my NHS number to use the booking website/phone line? No. It’s easier if you do have your NHS number, but if you don’t both the NHS booking website and phone line can still book appointments using other details, provided you are registered with a GP practice. You can find your NHS number on the NHS App or at www.nhs.uk/find-nhs-number How will the COVID-19 vaccine be given? The COVID-19 vaccine is given as an injection into your upper arm. It's given as 2 doses. You will have the 2nd dose 3 to 12 weeks after having the 1st dose. The second vaccine dose should be with the same vaccine as for the first dose. Switching between vaccines or missing the second dose is not advised as this may affect the duration of protection. How do I get an NHS number? You don't need your NHS number for our walk-in clinics. If you don’t know your NHS number, you can find out if you have one and what it is at: https://digital.nhs.uk/services/nhs-number If you don’t have an NHS number this is likely to be because you are not registered with a GP. If this is the case, we would recommend speaking with your local practice about registering. What if I book an appointment through the NHS website or 119 and I need to rearrange it? If you need to rearrange an appointment that you booked through the NHS website, you can do this through the ‘manage your appointments’ section on the booking page. If you booked through 119, you can also ring to rearrange your appointment. If you can’t attend your appointment for any reason, please cancel or rearrange it so that the appointment slot can be given to someone else who needs it. What vaccines for COVID-19 are currently available? Both the Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford/AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccines are now available. Both vaccines have been shown to be safe and offer high levels of protection and have been given regulatory approval by the MHRA. How does the COVID-19 vaccine work? Most vaccines work by triggering an immune response from a weakened or inactive germ that causes the disease. The Covid vaccine works by giving our body a set of instructions to make a harmless “spike protein” which will create the antibodies and cells required to fight off coronavirus. As there is no whole or live virus involved, the vaccine cannot cause disease. How effective is the COVID-19 vaccine? The 1st dose of the COVID-19 vaccine should give you good protection from coronavirus. But you need to have the 2 doses of the vaccine to give you longer lasting protection. There is a chance you might still get or spread coronavirus even if you have the vaccine. This means it is important to: continue to follow social distancing guidance if you can, wear something that covers your nose and mouth in places where it's hard to stay away from other people Read more about why vaccines are safe and important, including how they work and what they contain. Is the NHS confident the COVID-19 vaccines are safe? Yes. The NHS will not offer any Covid-19 vaccinations to the public until independent experts have signed off that it is safe to do so. The MHRA, the official UK regulator, has said that all approved vaccines have good safety profiles and offer a high level of protection, and we have full confidence in their expert judgement and processes. As with any medicine, vaccines are highly regulated products. There are checks at every stage in the development and manufacturing process, and continued monitoring once they have been authorised and are being used in the wider population.    Side effects Most side effects of the COVID-19 vaccine are mild and should not last longer than a week, such as: a sore arm where the needle went in feeling tired a headache feeling achy feeling or being sick You can take painkillers, such as paracetamol, if you need to. If you have a high temperature you may have coronavirus or another infection. If your symptoms get worse or you are worried, call 111. Allergic reactions Tell healthcare staff before you are vaccinated if you've ever had a serious allergic reaction (anaphylaxis). You should not have the vaccine if you've ever had a serious allergic reaction to: a previous vaccine a previous dose of the same COVID-19 vaccine some medicines, household products or cosmetics Serious allergic reactions are rare. If you do have a reaction to the vaccine, it usually happens in minutes. Staff giving the vaccine are trained to deal with allergic reactions and treat them immediately. You can report any suspected side effect using the Coronavirus Yellow Card safety scheme. Advice if you're of childbearing age, pregnant or breastfeeding COVID-19 vaccines are recommended in pregnancy. Vaccination is the best way to protect against the known risks of COVID-19 in pregnancy for both women and babies, including admission of the woman to intensive care and premature birth of the baby. Women may wish to discuss the benefits and risks of having the vaccine with their healthcare professional and reach a joint decision based on individual circumstances. You should not stop breastfeeding in order to be vaccinated against COVID-19. More information here. Is the AstraZeneca vaccine linked to increased blood clots? The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has said "It has not been confirmed that the reports of blood clots were caused by the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine." "People should still go and get their COVID-19 vaccine when asked to do so." "Blood clots can occur naturally and are not uncommon. More than 11 million doses of the COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca have now been administered across the UK, and the number of blood clots reported after having the vaccine is not greater than the number that would have occurred naturally in the vaccinated population." MHRA response to the precautionary suspensions of COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk) What is in the vaccines? Are they vegan/vegetarian friendly? The vaccines do not contain any meat derivatives or porcine products or material of foetal or animal origin. A detailed review of the vaccines and their ingredients have been provided by the MHRA and can be found at the following links: For the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine information is available here. For the Oxford/AstraZeneca vaccine information is available here. For the Moderna vaccine information is available here. The British Islamic Medical Association have produced a helpful guide for the Muslim community which can be found here. More languages have been added to the range of COVID-19 vaccination materials The following are now available in Arabic, Bengali, Guajarati, Slovak, Punjabi, Somali, Urdu, Albanian, Hindi, Polish, Romanian, Spanish, Tagalog and Turkish: Vaccine information in community languages BHRUT BAME staff talking about the COVID-19 vaccine COVID-19 vaccination: guide for older adults What to expect after your COVID-19 vaccination Why you are being asked to wait Women of childbearing age, currently pregnant or breastfeeding Guide for healthcare workers Social Media Statics All documents relative to the vaccination programme can be found below: COVID-19 Vaccination Programme Sources for FAQs: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/coronavirus-vaccination/coronavirus-vaccine/ https://www.eastlondonhcp.nhs.uk/ourplans/covid-19-vaccine-faqs.htm Rate this page Feedback on this page Note that feedback relates only to this page and it's content. You can also feedback about the entire site. For complaints or compliments, please go to Complaints or Compliments Rate this page: Very good Quite good Average Poor Very poor How could we improve this page? Thanks for your feedback About accessibility Privacy and cookies Redbridge Life Contact us Feedback Terms of use Leader's blog Maps Facebook opens in a new window Twitter opens in a new window YouTube opens in a new window Instagram opens in a new window
0.925228	The respected broadcaster and music promoter has been a feature of the New Zealand music industry since he helped launch the country's first private radio station, Radio Hauraki. In a statement on social media, the network paid tribute to the former host. "Radio Hauraki is deeply saddened to hear of the passing of Ian Magan. A true legend of New Zealand broadcasting and one of the original pirates. "We would not be here today if it wasn't for his vision and bravery. Our thoughts are with his family and friends. Rest In Peace." Neil Finn has also paid tribute to Mr Magan, saying he was very sad to hear of his death. "His big voice, warm smile and hearty laugh will endure in my memory. He was such an important figure for Split Enz, guiding us through golden times on tour in New Zealand. RIP Ian." * Listen to Ian Magan's interview with Split Enz on Foveaux Radio in 1982, during the 'Time and Time' tour, at neilfinn.com Mr Magan was one of the original hosts on Radio Hauraki - alongside David Gapes, Derek Lowe and Chris Parkinson - when the pirate radio station began broadcasting on a boat in the Hauraki Gulf in 1966. At the time, all radio was controlled by the government and was limited to Top 20 hit parades. But young Kiwis wanted to hear more music and the pirates came together to give the people what they wanted. In 2014, Mr Magan told the New Zealand Herald that when Radio Hauraki first took to the high seas, "most of us were optimists and thought we'd clean it up in six-to-eight months". "Instead we spent three-and-a-half years having no idea of what the next day would bring." Hauraki at Sea: The beginnings of private radio duration 38′ :46″ from Resounding Radio Add to playlistPlaylist Hauraki at Sea: The beginnings of private radio This audio is not downloadable due to copyright restrictions. Radio Hauraki operated at sea, outside the three-mile limit, before a change in government gave them the opportunity to apply for a legitimate licence in 1969. In 2010, Mr Magan told the Herald how the group would hold clandestine meetings with a gin-swigging Robert Muldoon in downstairs Auckland restaurants. After leaving Radio Hauraki, Mr Magan stayed in the music industry, founding Pacific Entertainment, which brought some of the world's biggest headline acts to New Zealand, including Michael Jackson, AC/DC and Elton John and Billy Joel. The long and diverse list of artists he brought to Aotearoa also included BB King, Pavarotti and Dire Straits. A provincial start But Mr Magan's career in radio began before Radio Hauraki. It started in Whanganui. In 2017, Mr Magan told RNZ "I had four years at the NZBC as it was then, I supppose you could say, learning my craft ... I joined as an announcer and spent my whole four years in Whanganui as an announcer on the station. Ian Magan on Sunday Night in 2017 duration 12′ :04″ from Sunday Night Add to playlistPlaylist Download Download as Ogg Download as MP3 Play Ogg in browser Play MP3 in browser Ian Magan on Sunday Night in 2017 "Of course working on a small provincial station you do tend to get a lot of experience which I really appreciated. One minute you're out with a tape recorder doing interviews at the Stratford A and P show and the next you're on air reading the news. It was a very varied life and I thoroughly enjoyed it." Ian Magan with Split Enz. Photo: Supplied He said when choosing to leave for a new, unproven station (Hauraki) he was young and felt bulletproof so he just "dived into it". "It was a big risk, I think my parents worried about it more than I did," he said. In 2017 he could still remember his first shift for Radio Hauraki. "It was terribly exciting because for the first time we were playing records that we chose ourselves. The music was such that we thought it was what the public like and we basically programmed our own shows. "It turned out to be a very popular way of running a radio station at the time, unlike these days where everything is formatted right down to the last quarter of a second." Mr Magan spent three-and-a-half years with Radio Hauraki at sea and then about another seven years as a director and programme director. - NZ Herald with RNZ Tags: media music Share this Share on Twitter Share on Facebook Share via email Share on Reddit Share on Linked In Copyright © 2019, Radio New Zealand Subscribe to RNZ's Daily Newsletter View latest newsletter Next story in New Zealand Cocaine washed up on Bethells Beach likely destined for Australia Related Stories The Mixtape: Ian Magan 2 Dec 2017 Ian Magan is a pioneer of both commercial radio and concert promotion in New Zealand, and was one of the original Radio Hauraki pirates. He's toured a long and diverse list of artists including BB… Audio Listen duration 54′ :45″ Add to playlistPlaylist Download Download as Ogg Download as MP3 Play Ogg in browser Play MP3 in browser The Mixtape: Ian Magan Ian Magan on Musical Chairs 10 May 2007 Concert Promotion requires a special breed of person and Ian Magan has demonstrated he is of that stock. He has promoted shows from Tony Bennett to Pavarotti, Norah Jones to Vanessa May, Ray Charles… Audio Listen duration 20′ :03″ Add to playlistPlaylist This audio is not downloadable due to copyright restrictions. Ian Magan on Musical Chairs Promoter Ian Magan says there's history of scalping 1 Mar 2017 Promoter Ian Magan talks about why the laws need to be changed to stop Ticketmaster reselling tickets at an inflated price as soon as they up online. Audio
0.997999	Who says adult parties have to be boring. More and more adults are reliving their childhoods or creating memories they didn't have as children by having theme parties for their birthday or other occasions. Theme parties are based on an idea, a television show, a fictional character, or really anything. Sometimes guests are expected to dress according to the theme as well. For example, the Toga party is a type of theme party where guests are expected to dress in togas, really just white sheets. Toga parties used to be especially popular among college students. In a masquerade party, everyone wears a mask and has to guess who is behind it. The mystery is part of the fun. Speaking of mystery, there are murder mystery parties, where the guests have to solve a fake murder. Some adults throw parties based on seasons. A summer beach party, for example, might feature guests wearing their swimsuits. Another popular type of theme party is the game night party. In this type of party, people get together to play various board games. A variation of the game night party is the casino party, where adults play games typically found in a casino-like blackjack or poker. Another theme party could focus on a specific region or country. For example, a Mexican theme party might feature tacos, the colors of the Mexican flag and Mexican music. Guests should be careful when dressing up for these types of theme parties though. Dressing up like a certain ethnic or racial group is usually considered offensive. It's better to just enjoy the food, and not portray a stereotype.
0.938112	Where are the Man Utd reserve squad that won 2010 title under Solskjaer including Gabriel Obertan and economics expert? Jump directly to the content Sign in UK Edition US Edition Scottish Sun Irish Sun Sun Bingo Dream Team Search Home Football TV Showbiz Fabulous Sport News Money Black Friday Health Dear Deidre Tech Travel Motors Puzzles Sun Bingo Sun Vouchers Visual Stories Topics A-Z All Football All Football Transfer News Premier League Champions League Championship EFL WSL Revealed Football Premier League BABY-FACED ASSASSINS Where are the Man Utd reserve squad that won 2010 title under Solskjaer including Gabriel Obertan and economics expert? Joshua Jones 15:15, 30 Sep 2021 Updated: 15:15, 30 Sep 2021 OLE GUNNAR SOLSKJAER led his Manchester United side to the Premier Reserve League title in 2010. Now 11 years later, the Norwegian has fallen short in the trophy department, finishing second to Manchester City in the Prem and losing the Europa League final to Villarreal on penalties last season. This Man Utd team won the Premier Reserve League title in 2010 7 The group included some famous faces like Paul Pogba and Rafael da SilvaCredit: Getty - Contributor In May 2010, Northern winners United took on their Southern counterparts Aston Villa at Old Trafford in the final. And after a dramatic 3-3 draw, the clash went to penalties. Ben Foster was the hero as he scored his spot-kick and saved two. But what has happened to the United players since that night? Ben Foster Kept behind Edwin van der Sar, Foster struggled for first-team opportunities at Old Trafford - managing just 23 in his five years at the club. He left for Birmingham and won the League Cup in 2011 before a long stint at West Brom . Foster later joined Watford in 2018 and is now entertaining fans with his Cycling GK YouTube channel as well. Most read in Football IT'S BACK FA Cup 3rd round draw: Date, start time, live stream FREE, TV channel TRAGIC DEATH Football coach dies of heart attack while celebrating last-minute winner RICH PICKINGS Vialli, Bamford & Sultan of Brunei's nephew were minted before making it pro Exclusive CAM'S HOME GAME Lewis Hamilton's ex sparks romance rumours with Chelsea ace Ben Chilwell Gossip MESSI BUSINESS Messi 'ordered to DEMOLISH his £26m hotel as it doesn't meet city standards' Gossip NEW BEGINNINGS Pep Guardiola 'lined up for New York City FC job after leaving Man City' JOIN SUN VEGAS: GET A FREE £10 BONUS WITH 100s OF GAMES TO PLAY AND NO DEPOSIT REQUIRED (Ts&Cs apply) Rafael da Silva The Brazilian arguably had the best Man Utd career out of the starting XI after signing alongside his twin Fabio aged 16. They had to wait until they turned 18 to play but Rafael made his mark after that, making 170 appearances and winning three Premier Leagues before leaving in 2015 for five years at Lyon. He was with Istanbul Basaksehir played in their win over Solskjaer's United last season before a move to Botafogo. Ritchie De Laet Right-back De Laet signed from Stoke in 2009 but only appeared six times under Ferguson and was shipped out on loan to Sheffield United, Preston, Portsmouth and Norwich. He signed permanently for Leicester in 2012 and had the bizarre honour of winning both the Premier League and promotion from the Championship - while on loan at Middlesbrough - in 2015-16. De Laet later turning into a lethal centre-forward at Melbourne City before heading to Royal Antwerp in his native Belgium. Corry Evans Evans' United time was overshadowed by his older brother Jonny's as he failed to make a senior appearance. But he has enjoyed a decent career, nonetheless, operating either at centre-back or in midfield for Hull, Blackburn and now Sunderland - and notching up 66 Northern Ireland caps. Oliver Gill Son of former Man Utd chief David, Gill looked to have a promising career ahead of him - especially when he was named on the bench for a Champions League clash in December 2009. But despite winning the Denzil Haroun Reserve Player of the Year award in 2011, the defender left the club immediately afterwards to study Economics at Durham University. Joe Dudgeon There were high hopes for Dudgeon who made his Under-18s United debut aged 15 and got a squad number in 2009-10. The left-back, still only 30, struggled with injuries and after four years at Hull retired in 2015 and is now working with Manchester City and Northern Ireland as a scout and youth coach. 7 Solskjaer holds the trophy with skipper Corry EvansCredit: Getty Images - Getty 7 The United Reserves, including Paul Pogba, celebrate the penalty shootout victoryCredit: Getty Images - Getty Rodrigo Possebon Possebon was brought over from Brazil in 2008 and made eight appearances in his first season, including coming on for Cristiano Ronaldo for an FA Cup debut. He went on loan to Braga for the first half of 2009-10 but came back to win the Reserves title before a journeyman career in his country of birth. A few weeks in Vietnam with Ho Chi Min City didn't work out and he is now director of football at Ferroviaria in Brazil's fourth tier. Oliver Norwood Norwood joined United's academy aged seven but, like many, did not get a first-team appearance and was sent out on loan. He then had two years at Huddersfield and another two at Reading before signing for Brighton, where he won promotion to the Premier League. The midfielder then did the same at Fulham and Sheffield United on loan before joining the Blades permanently. Cameron Stewart It is a similar tale for Stewart who showed plenty of promise but ultimately never reached the holy grail of the first team - instead joining Yeovil and Hull on loan. The latter signed him in 2011 but he was never a regular and shipped out time and time again the same happened at Ipswich - he was released by Lincoln in 2018 and been without a club since. Mame Biram Diouf Diouf scored twice for Solskjaer in that victory over Villa 11 years ago, including an 88th-minute equaliser to rescue the game and send it to penalties. He scored his solo first-team goal on his debut after replacing Wayne Rooney in January 2010 and flipped in front of the Stretford End. But that was as good as it got for the forward who went to Hannover and Stoke and is now with Hatayspor in Turkey. 7 Oliver Norwood operated in the centre of midfield, just as he does for Sheffield United nowCredit: Getty - Contributor 7 Mame Biram Diouf slots in his first equaliser of the game to make it 1-1 just before half-timeCredit: Getty Images - Getty Federico Macheda The Italian striker scored United's equaliser from the penalty spot to make it 2-2 at Old Trafford and then dispatched from 12 yards in the shootout. But his famous moment at Old Trafford came a year earlier - against the same opponents - with his dramatic injury-time winner before six loans in four years and joining Cardiff in 2014. He's now with Panathinaikos in Greece. SUBS Gabriel Obertan The former PSG winger came on for Stewart 11 minutes into the second half but lasted 19 minutes before William Keane came on in his place. Obertan made 28 first-team appearances between 2009 and 2011 when he signed for Newcastle. After his five years at St James' he has had stints in Russia, Wigan, Bulgaria and Turkey with Erzurumspor. Is now with USL Championship side Charlotte Interdependence. Will Keane Another man who played at United alongside his twin brother, with Michael Keane now at Everton, striker Will missed his spot-kick. The striker managed three first-team matches, two of which came under Louis van Gaal in 2015-16 but signed for Hull in 2016 and is now at Wigan in League One with a grand total of 68 career goals. Paul Pogba The French midfielder came on with four minutes to go but little did we know what would happen to him after that. Ferguson let Pogba go to Juventus in 2012 but four years later, United paid £89m to bring him back to Old Trafford and the pantomime drama has continued since - some good, some bad, some ugly. He was taken off in extra-time of the Europa League final defeat. However, he does have the small bonus of winning the World Cup in Russia in 2018. Form has picked up this season having registered seven assists in United's first eight games. Scott Wootton One of the two unused subs at Old Trafford, Wootton had joined from rivals Liverpool. But after six years, a Champions League appearance and a series of loans, he joined another of the Red Devils' rivals, Leeds, and is now at Morecambe via Plymouth. Ron-Robert Zieler Zieler enjoyed a successful spell with Hannover in his homeland before a brief, underwhelming stint at Leicester in 2016-17. But his career highlight was being part of the 2014 World Cup-winning Germany squad. Still with Hannover 96. 7 Pogba is the only one still at Old Trafford but did spend four years away at JuventusCredit: EPA 7 Ron-Robert Zieler, left, was part of Germany's World Cup squad in 2014Credit: AFP FREE BETS: GET OVER £2,000 IN NEW CUSTOMER DEALS Topics Aston Villa Manchester United Ole Gunnar Solskjaer Paul Pogba YOU MIGHT LIKE RECOMMENDED FOR YOU MORE FOR YOU More from The Sun IT'S BACK FA Cup 3rd round draw: Date, start time, live stream FREE, TV channel TRAGIC DEATH Football coach dies of heart attack while celebrating last-minute winner Revealed STARE DOWN Why Lanzini shoved James in celebration after scoring for West Ham vs Chelsea RICH PICKINGS Vialli, Bamford & Sultan of Brunei's nephew were minted before making it pro Follow The Sun Services Sign Up To The Sun About Us Editorial Complaints Clarifications and Corrections News Licensing Advertising Contact Us Commissioning Terms Help Hub Topic A-Z Cookie Settings Contact Preferences ©News Group Newspapers Limited in England No. 679215 Registered office: 1 London Bridge Street, London, SE1 9GF. 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0.99988	In couples therapy, you and your loved one will learn how to mindfully navigate through the difficulties you are facing together. Couples therapy provides a safe space, creating the opportunity for both partners to truly listen to one another and see where they are coming from. It can be highly beneficial to have an unbiased counselor listen, validate and normalize situations causing turmoil in your relationship. It also helps to identify the strengths in each other in order to help partners problem-solve and tackle solutions in a healthy manner. Additionally, you may find it helpful to learn tools to handle thoughts and emotions that arise during conversations and disagreements. It is important to be mindful that you and your partner are a team that have the ability to evolve and grow together.
0.933194	On the one year anniversary of the event in August this year, Hezbollah’s leader called the investigation ‘politicised’. 23 Sep 2021 ICC opens investigation into war crimes in Palestinian territories Palestinians have welcomed the move which ICC says will be an independent and impartial probe into Israeli military actions in Gaza, Israeli settlement activity in the occupied West Bank and armed militant groups, “without fear or favour.” 3 Mar 2021 British lawyer Karim Khan elected new ICC prosecutor The new prosecutor's first tasks will include deciding the next steps on the probe into war crimes in Afghanistan and the hugely contentious investigation into the 2014 Israel-Palestinian conflict in Gaza. 13 Feb 2021 Unrest continues in French city after assault on Chechen teenager In France's eastern city of Dijon, the tension was sparked by an attack on a 16-year-old member of the Chechen community on June 10. 15 Jun 2020 Norwegian tycoon arrested, suspected of killing missing wife Tom Hagen, a media-shy real estate investor and owner of an electric company, was arrested on his way to work. Police believe Falkevik Hagen, who has never been found, had been killed and said they “cannot exclude a staged kidnapping to hide it.” 29 Apr 2020 The 'massacre' of Italy's elderly nursing home residents Covid-19 patients in Italy's virus epicentre of Lombardy were transferred to nursing homes by an official resolution with catastrophic consequences. 20 Apr 2020 Turkey charges 20 Saudis over Khashoggi murder Former deputy head of Saudi Arabia's general intelligence and a former royal adviser among 20 suspects named by Istanbul prosecutor's office in its indictment over the killing of Saudi journalist Jamal Khashoggi. 25 Mar 2020 ICC to probe 'war crimes' in Palestinian territories Israel and the United States have both refused to sign up to the International Criminal Court, which was set up in 2002 to be the only global tribunal trying the world's worst crimes, war crimes and crimes against humanity. 20 Dec 2019 Ghosn wants case dismissed over 'prosecutor misconduct' Carlos Ghosn's lawyers have asked the Tokyo District Court to dismiss all charges against the former Nissan Motor Co Ltd chairman, saying prosecutors colluded with government officials and Nissan executives to oust him from his post. 24 Oct 2019 Ex-Dallas officer who killed neighbour found guilty of murder Jury takes only a matter of hours to convict Guyger, 31, after six days of testimony over the September 2018 death. Cheers erupted in the courthouse as the verdict was announced. 2 Oct 2019 Trump, Biden spar over Ukraine after whistleblower complaint US Democratic presidential candidate, Joe Biden, said he never spoke to his son about overseas business dealings and that President Trump "deserves to be investigated." 21 Sep 2019 Police drop probe into French ambassador sexual assault claims "An offence was committed, but I found the foreign ministry's response to be proportional to the seriousness of what happened," prosecutor says. Robby Judes was fired after two women said he groped them during an official visit to New Caledonia 9 Jul 2019 Next Show More Editor's Pick Why we don’t remember most of our dreams Must See Cat saves sick sister’s life in a rare blood transfusion operation in Turkey Related Topics Belgium prosecutor Venezuela paris attacks France europe A picture is worth a thousand words. Follow us on Instagram. FOLLOW TRTWORLD TRT World on Youtube Subscribe to our Youtube channel for all latest in-depth, on the ground reporting from around the world. Subscribe TRT World on Facebook Like Follow Follow This site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site you are agreeing to our use of cookies. Learn more
0.999924	Meet a new senior client with confidence Remember as excited as you are to meet a new senior client, that you are still a “stranger” to them. Like any relationship it takes time to gain trust. At this point you have most likely gone through a caregiver interview (in person/virtually), phone calls, emails, and all
0.926053	As concerns about coronavirus spread, misleading information can multiply too. So we're focusing only on the facts and the info you need to know. Author: Suzanne Nuyen (TEGNA) Published: 2:50 PM EST February 28, 2020 Updated: 1:21 PM EST March 3, 2020 COVID-19, a new coronavirus originating from China, has sparked global concern as the outbreak grows. While the risk to those in the U.S. still remains low, the Centers for Disease Control has recommended the American public prepare for the possibility of an outbreak. Meanwhile, President Donald Trump has appointed Vice President Mike Pence to lead the U.S. response to the global outbreak. With all the concerns about coronavirus, there is frankly a lot of information out there, including misleading info. So we're focusing on the facts, not fear. Here's everything we know about the virus so far, and how you can be prepared just in case. What is a coronavirus? According to the World Health Organization, coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that cause illnesses ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases including Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). How did this virus get its name? On Feb. 11, 2020, the World Health Organization announced the official name for the new coronavirus virus would be COVID-19. "CO" stands for "corona," "VI" stands for "virus," D stands for "disease" and 19 indicates the year the virus was first discovered. Prior to this, the virus was referred to as the "2019 novel coronavirus," which means it was a new strain not previously identified in humans. The WHO Director-General also stressed that giving a disease an official name prevents the use of other names that could be inaccurate or stigmatizing. Where did COVID-19 come from? The World Health Organization states that coronaviruses are zoonotic, which means they are transmitted from animals to people. A specific animal source of COVID-19 has not been identified, but the virus has been linked to a large seafood and live animal market in Wuhan, China. What are the symptoms of COVID-19? According to the CDC, patients diagnosed with this coronavirus experience a mild to severe respiratory illness. Symptoms include fever, cough and shortness of breath. Patents with severe complications from the virus often develop pneumonia in both lungs. How does the virus spread? The virus is spread person-to-person. According to the CDC, spread is happening mainly between people who are in close contact (within 6 feet) of each other via respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs or sneezes. The droplets land on the noses and mouths of other people, who then inhale them. The CDC says it may be possible for the virus to spread by touching a surface or object with the virus and then a person touching their mouth, nose or eyes, but this is not thought to be the main method of spread. As the virus was discovered just a few months ago, more research is required to learn more about the spread pattern of the virus. RELATED: What are the worst disease outbreaks in history? RELATED: Countries take harsh containment steps as new virus spreads How do I protect myself and others? There is currently no vaccine to prevent COVID-19 or medication to directly treat COVID-19. Therefore, the best way to protect yourself is to avoid being exposed to the virus that causes COVID-19. The CDC recommends maintaining personal preventative actions such as: - Avoiding close contact with those who are sick - Not touching your eyes, mouth or nose, especially with unwashed hands - Washing your hands often with soap and warm water for last least 20 seconds - Clean and disinfect objects and surfaces that are frequently touched - Stay home if you are sick - Cover your coughs and sneezes with a tissue There also is no need for members of the general public to wear surgical masks to guard against coronavirus. Individuals should only wear a mask if a healthcare professional recommends it. What should I do if I think I have COVID-19? If you think you are sick and are exhibiting symptoms, the first step is to think about how sick you are, according to Dr. Brenda Braxton, who works at Adventist Health in Oregon. She says if your symptoms are mild, the best course of action is to stay home and "manage" it out. "The concern is we have two different issues: one is the individual and one is the community," she said. "We want to avoid spreading this to the community. The last place to go to if you have a mild disease is the clinic or the emergency room. Dr. Braxton stressed most people who contract the illness will get better without any long-term effects. "About 82% of cases tend to be mild," she said. "What we see is their symptoms diminish over five to seven days. They’re still capable of transmitting the disease. But that’s how it will play out for most people. When you look at people who have higher risk, including heart disease, diabetes, asthma and other vascular disease problems, they’re going to be at higher risk of having a more severe disease." If you have more severe symptoms, you should contact your healthcare provider. They will be able to get more information and decide if you must be admitted to the hospital. Avoid contact with other people, avoid going out in public and delay any travel to avoid spreading the illness. Is there a cure for the virus? There is currently no vaccine to protect against COVID-19. Once infected, there is not an antiviral treatment available for COVID-19. People should take care to avoid being exposed to the virus and seek medical care to relieve symptoms if infected with the virus. Have there been cases of the coronavirus in the U.S.? Yes. The first case of COVID-19 in the United States was reported on Jan. 21, 2020. As of March 3, there are 108 cases of persons infected with the virus in the U.S. Of those infected, 48 of then involve people repatriated to the U.S. from Wuhan, China or from the Diamond Princess Cruise Ship that was quarantined in Japan. There are 60 total cases of infection detected in the U.S. through public health surveillance systems. 22 of these 60 cases are travel-related, and 11 are believed to be through person-to-person spread. The sources of 27 infections are still under investigation. Cases have been reported in 12 states. The CDC provides updated numbers on U.S. cases of the virus on its website. How can I prepare for an outbreak? The risk to the general public remains low but individuals and communities can still prepare for the possibility that an outbreak may occur. In a press conference on Feb. 25, Dr. Nancy Messonnier, the CDC's director of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases said individuals and communities can implement "non-pharmaceutical intervention" methods to reduce the risk of an outbreak. Individuals should call their local schools and inquire about teleschooling options. Parents should also make a game plan now for child care in the event that a school has to close. Businesses can prepare by putting in place plans to replace in-person meetings with teleconferences and allowing employees to work remotely when possible. Communities can also modify, postpone or cancel large gatherings, where close contact provides an opportunity for infection. What is a pandemic? How is a pandemic different from an epidemic or an outbreak? According to the World Health Organization, a pandemic is the worldwide spread of a new disease. While an outbreak is the sudden rise in cases of a disease in a particular place, an epidemic refers to a large outbreak that spreads among a region or population. WHO and the CDC have classified the outbreak of COVID-19 in China an epidemic. While there are cases of COVID-19 in many countries outside of China, WHO has not yet categorized it as a global pandemic. Many countries with COVID-19 infections have reported very few people infected and even fewer, if any, deaths. 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0.999722	Democracy and Class Struggle continues its investigation of Fascism and looks at one aspect that of pre Second World War Fascism - the Clerical Fascist movements. The term clerical fascism (clero-fascism or clerico-fascism) emerged in the early 1920s in Italy, referring to the faction of the Catholic Partito Popolare Italiano which supported Benito Mussolini and his régime; it was supposedly coined by Don Luigi Sturzo, a priest and Christian Democrat leader who opposed Mussolini and went into exile in 1924, although the term had also been used before Mussolini's March on Rome in 1922 to refer to Catholics in Northern Italy who advocated a synthesis of Catholicism and fascism. Sturzo made a distinction between the "filofascists", who left the Catholic PPI in 1921 and 1922, and the "clerical fascists" who stayed in the party after the March on Rome, advocating collaboration with the fascist government. Eventually, the latter group converged with Mussolini, abandoning the PPI in 1923 and creating the Centro Nazionale Italiano. The PPI was disbanded by the Fascist régime in 1926. The term has since been used by scholars seeking to contrast authoritarian-conservative 'clerical fascism' with more radical variants. Christian fascists focus on internal religious politics, such as passing laws and regulations that reflect their view of Christianity. Radicalized forms of Christian fascism or clerical fascism (clero-fascism or clerico-fascism) were emerging on the far-right of the political spectrum in some European countries during the interwar period in the first half of 20th century. Examples of clerical fascism Examples of dictatorships and political movements involving certain elements of clerical fascism include: Father Jozef Tiso's régime (Slovak People's Party) in the Slovak Republic (1939–45) the Croatian Ustaše movement António Salazar in Portugal Engelbert Dollfuss in Austria the Iron Guard movement in Romania, which was led by the devoutly Orthodox Corneliu Zelea Codreanu the Rexists in Belgium Vichy France. the Lapua movement in Finland] Source: Wikipedia Posted by nickglais on 2/19/2017 03:41:00 PM Email ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest Newer Post Older Post Home Liberation Magazine 4 Liberation - Issue 3 To obtain copies of Liberation Magazine contact [email protected] Yr Aflonyddwch Mawr calls for Welsh Socialist Republican Congress Great Unrest Group towards a Welsh Socialist Republican Congress Wales - Depopulation - Immigration and Emigration - Statement from Great Unrest Group 2012 Press Here : http://democracyandclasstruggle.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/wales-depopulation-emigration-and.html Real Green Solution to Climate Change - No to the Agro-Industrial Complex Link Here: http://democracyandclasstruggle.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/real-green-solution-to-climate-change.html Welsh History Videos Visit Here : http://www.youtube.com/user/nickglais?feature=mhee RED BLOGS / COMMUNIST BLOGS RED BLOGS / COMMUNIST BLOGS Emulate Marinaleda - Land to the People See Also: http://democracyandclasstruggle.blogspot.co.uk/2012/08/long-live-marinaleda-long-live-juan.html Partisan Cymru - Red Republicans Sign Petition for new Welsh Land Act Red Pitchfork against Royal Jubilee in Wales Click on image for details Red Flag Rises in Wales in 1831 IN 1831 Some 7,000 to 10,000 workers marched under a red flag, which was later adopted internationally as the symbol of the working classes.Click on picture to visit Red Remembrancer Nickglais, Editor of Democracy and Class Struggle Interviewed by Saba Navalan Democracy and Class Struggle Television Livestream Watch live streaming video from democracyandclassstruggle at livestream.com Democracy and Class Struggle Books Marxism against Market Socialism available from Democracy and Class Struggle at 10 pounds per copy contact [email protected]
0.999435	Beauford Delaney: Transcending Race + Time <p><strong> December 4, 2020 - January 30, 2021 </strong></p><p>Knoxville native Beauford Delaney persevered through poverty, racial discrimination, and mental illness to become an internationally recognized artist. As a teenager, his work caught the eye of Lloyd Branson and became his apprentice. The opportunity catapulted Delaney towards New York City during the Harlem Renaissance where he cultivated a circle of friends, including poet laureate Countee Cullen, artist Georgia O’Keeffe, and writer James Baldwin. In 1953, Delaney left New York for Paris, France, as Europe had begun attracting African-American artists and writers. His works began to shift from figurative compositions to abstract expressionists of color and light.</p></p><p>The exhibition featured 21 works, including 4 oil on canvas paintings, abstract watercolors, pastel portraits, and 3 self-portraits, that range across various stages of Delaney’s life. Exhibition highlights included a pastel portrait of Harriet Tubman and an oil portrait of Delaney’s longtime friend and frequent model, New York singer Dante Pavone.</p> Beauford and Joseph Delaney: Lives in Art <p><strong> February 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>In September and October of 1970, Joseph and Beauford Delaney were going to have a joint exhibition of their work at the McClung Gallery. Due to Beauford's poor health at the time, he was unable to send paintings from his studio in Paris. The exhibition ended up being a solo show of Joseph's work. 50 years later, the UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present their work together.</p> Salvador Dali's Divine Comedy <p><strong> March 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>In 1957, the Italian government commissioned Dali to create a complete set of illustrations for Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy to commemorate the 700th anniversary of the author’s birth. Dali began the arduous task of selecting imagery and creating a watercolor painting for each of the 100 cantos of the poem. Shortly after Dali started the project, the Italian government withdrew its commission. Italian citizens had been outraged that a Spanish artist had been selected for this undertaking, instead of inviting an Italian artist to honor one of Italy’s greatest authors. However, it was very fitting that one of the leading artists in the Surrealist movement would be chosen to interpret the bizarre punishments of Inferno and Purgatorio and the fantastical images of Paradiso that Dante created – drawing inspiration from classical and biblical imagery, as well as his own imagination.</p><p>The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present the complete collection of 100 prints. The prints are part of the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art + Architecture and was a gift by alumnus, Gary Johnson.</p> Community of Eight <p><strong> April 2 - 30 </strong></p></p><p>This exhibition recognizes the contributions of our full-time faculty at area community colleges - Roane State, Walters State, and Pellissippi State.</p></p><p>Exhibiting artists are: Jennifer Brickey, Caroline Covington, Amy Evans, Stacy Jacobs, Jeff Lockett, Herb Rieth, Jessie Van der Laan, and Bryan Wilkerson.</p> Walker Evans and James Agee <p><strong> June 4 - July 31, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>Walker Evans’ photographs made for James Agee’s classic work, <i>Let Us Now Praise Famous Men</i>, served as the culmination of Evans’ talents as well as the realistic portrayal of the conditions of the American tenant farmer during the 1930s. Walker Evans’ images revolutionized the standards of documentary photography.</p><p>This exhibition, an 80th anniversary commemoration of the publication of <i>Let Us Not Praise Famous Men</i> includes 50 framed photographs printed by the Library of Congress from Evans’ original negatives as well as archival material from the James Agee papers loaned by the Betsey B. Creekmore Special Collections at the University of Tennessee.</p> New In Town <p><strong> August 25 - 28, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>An exhibition of the MFA class of 2024.</p></p><p>Casey Wolhar – Time-Based Art</p><p>Haleigh Eicher – Ceramics</p><p>Abby Hedley – Sculpture</p><p>Griffin Allman – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Landin Eldridge – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Saloni Parekh – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Megan Wolfkill – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Gino Castellanos – Printmaking</p><p>Anthony Huang – Printmaking</p><p>Chloe Wack – Printmaking</p> Alabama Abstraction <p><strong> September 3 - 25, 2021 </strong></p></p><p><i>Alabama Abstraction</i> is a two-person exhibition featuring the paintings of William Dooley and Alex McClurg. Dooley is the director of the Moody Gallery at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa and McClurg, a graduate of UT's School of Art MFA program, is the preparator at the Birmingham Museum of Art.</p> Illumination: the Sculpture of James O. Clark <p><strong> October 1 - 30, 2021 </strong></p><p>James O. Clark is a New York-based sculptor who works with light and illumination.</p></p><p>“Light as a material has illuminated my creative search, I continue to be captivated by the mysterious dialogue between light and form. Light is ephemeral, as it dances and changes composing space, defines, reflects, refracts, bends, and teases the volume and mass of forms. Light has created a symbiotic relationship with me in my exploration capturing my childhood creative adventure and developing an exciting lifelong journey.”</p> Chromatic Rhythm: James Little <p><strong> November 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p><p>Born in Memphis, Tennessee, JAMES LITTLE (b. 1952) received a BFA from the Memphis Academy of Art (1974) and then an MFA from Syracuse University (1976).</p></p><p>Since the 1970s, the work of James Little has been extensively exhibited in solo and group exhibitions throughout the United States and Europe. Among his awards and honors, Little has received the Joan Mitchell Foundation Award in Painting in 2009 and the Pollock-Krasner Award in 2000. In 2016, Little was commissioned by the Metropolitan Transit Authority to create public artwork for the Long Island Rail Road’s new Brooklyn-bound platform at Jamaica Station.</p> 2020 exhibitions Beauford Delaney: Transcending Race + Time December 4, 2020 - January 30, 2021 Knoxville native Beauford Delaney persevered through poverty, racial discrimination, and mental illness to become an internationally recognized artist. As a teenager, his work caught the eye of Lloyd Branson and became his apprentice. The opportunity catapulted Delaney towards New York City during the Harlem Renaissance where he cultivated a circle of friends, including poet laureate Countee Cullen, artist Georgia O’Keeffe, and writer James Baldwin. In 1953, Delaney left New York for Paris, France, as Europe had begun attracting African-American artists and writers. His works began to shift from figurative compositions to abstract expressionists of color and light. The exhibition featured 21 works, including 4 oil on canvas paintings, abstract watercolors, pastel portraits, and 3 self-portraits, that range across various stages of Delaney’s life. Exhibition highlights included a pastel portrait of Harriet Tubman and an oil portrait of Delaney’s longtime friend and frequent model, New York singer Dante Pavone. In March 2020, the UT Downtown Gallery closed to the public due to COVID-19 Please click here to view our virtual ART SOURCE 2020 exhibition. 2019 exhibitions Big Ears 2019 March 1, 2019 - March 31, 2019 Beatrice Gibson, Wang Bing, Johann Lurf, Jodie Mack In our fourth-annual collaboration with Knoxville microcinema masters Public Cinema, Big Ears 2019 hosted free screenings of films by Beatrice Gibson, Wang Bing, Johann Lurf, and Jodie Mack at the UT Downtown Gallery. From an engrossing nine-hour look at Chinese activists in exile to an enormous montage of shots of stars culled from across the history of cinema, it’s one of the most sharply curated blocks of film programming we’ve ever presented. 2018 exhibitions Stage Left: Christina West January 24 - March 8, 2018 In this immersive installation, Christina A. West integrates figurative sculptures into a space that is suggestive of a house, playfully alluding to the idea of the home as a stage set. “Stage left” is a term used in theatre to direct actors as they move around the stage. Though a term traditionally used to orient, it is used here as a foil to highlight the viewer’s disorientation within the fabricated space, while reinforcing theatrical associations with the installation. As people move through the gallery, spaces recede and reflect, sometimes offering a glimpse into another room, sometimes reflecting back the space one is in, and occasionally reflecting a reflection. Additionally, exposed studs on one side of each wall create a sense of front and back (or stage and backstage) that shifts throughout the gallery. Objects such as sheets, blinds, and picture frames conjure the context of the home, charging this “stage” with a sense of a private space. As viewers bend, squat, and peek around corners to view tableaus, their own reflections appear throughout the space highlighting their participation in the scenes. 2017 exhibitions 2017 Meandering Mythologies: Timothy Massey and Gary Monroe <p><strong>January 6 - 26, 2017</strong></p><p>Meandering Mythologies is a two-person exhibition featuring the work of Timothy Massey and Gary Monroe. Timothy Massey is the associate professor of art and chair of the Art Department at SUNY Brockport. He also serves as the director for the Tower Fine Art Gallery at SUNY Brockport. He studied printmaking and drawing at the University of Tennessee and Ohio State University. Gary Monroe is an artist from Knoxville, Tennessee who has exhibited nationally since the 1980’s. Most recently Monroe’s work has been featured in one-person exhibitions at the Estel Gallery, Nashville, TN, in 2011; the Clayton Center for the Arts at Maryville College in 2011; the Leu Art Gallery at Belmont University, Nashville, TN in 2009; and the Cue Art Foundation, New York, NY, in 2006. </p> Intersections: an exhibition of glass from Ball State <p><strong>February 3 - 25, 2017</strong></p><p>Ball State University Glick Center for Glass opened in fall 2011 and this relatively new program has made significant grown and national recognition with the support of fellow educators and artists using this medium. Joining Ball State University faculty and students in this exhibit are Jonathan Chapman and Kristin Thielking from the University of Wisconsin, Stevens-Point, and Eoin Breadon from the University of Wisconsin, River Falls. It is through the intersections of Ball State University's students and their mentors that the glass program is evolving from its regional prominence to national recognition. The glass program, and the Glick Center for Glass at Ball State marks a return of glass production to Muncie. The university gets its name from the Ball brothers who had a food storage manufacturing business in New York and Muncie that made sealable glass jars for home canning – colloquially known as ball jars. In the 1880s glass manufacturing was moved from New York to Muncie due to an abundance of natural gas in the area. By 1917, the brothers had bought the foreclosed Indiana Normal University and gave it to the state of Indiana, creating what would become Ball State University.</p> Open Ended: films by Kevin Jerome Everson <p><strong>March 3 - 31, 2017</strong></p><p>With a sense of place and historical research, Kevin Jerome Everson's films combine scripted and documentary moments with rich elements of formalism. The subject matter is the gestures or tasks caused by certain physical, social-economic, and environmental conditions in the lives of working class African Americans and other people of African descent. Instead of standard realism he favors a strategy that abstracts everyday actions and statements into theatrical gestures, in which archival footage is re-edited or re-staged, real people perform fictional scenarios based on their own lives and historical observations intermesh with contemporary narratives. The films suggest the relentlessness of everyday life—along with its beauty—but also present oblique metaphors for art-making. This exhibition is in partnership with The Public Cinema and Big Ears music festival.</p> Breach: Alison Saar <p><strong>April 7 - 29, 2017</strong></p><p><span class="_4n-j _fbReactionComponent__eventDetailsContentTags fsl" data-testid="event-permalink-details">Alison Saar weaves narratives relating to the Great Mississippi Flood of 1927 into the mixed-media sculpture and paintings featured in Breach. Saar explores issues of gender, race, racism, and the African diaspora. She mines mythology, ritual, history, music, and her biracial heritage as sources for her work. </span>During a 2013 residency at the Joan Mitchell Center in New Orleans, Saar was dismayed to see how little had been done to rebuild African American communities devastated by Hurricane Katrina eight years earlier. Upon her return to Los Angeles, she began researching the histories of American floods and the effect on African Americans. The Great Mississippi River Flood of 1927, described as one of the wors<span class="text_exposed_show">t natural river disasters in U.S. history, piqued her interest. Heavy rains resulted in the river breaching levees, creating a historic catastrophe that had a profound impact on the life of African Americans living in the Mississippi Delta. The flood exposed the conditions of poor African American sharecroppers and tenant farmers and their relationship with cotton plantation owners. The flood also resulted in social, cultural, federal policy, and political changes. </span>With water imagery woven throughout, Breach is the culmination of Saar’s creative research on American rivers and their historical relationship to the lives of African Americans. Through mixed media sculpture, paintings, and works on paper, she explores floods not only as natural phenomena; but also the complex interaction of social, cultural, and political factors associated with flooding and its aftermath.</p> ARTSOURCE 2017 <p><span class="_4n-j _fbReactionComponent__eventDetailsContentTags fsl" data-testid="event-permalink-details">Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents.</span></p> Living On: Tennessee Survivors and Liberators <p><strong>June 2 - July 27, 2017</strong></p><p>The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present Living On an exhibition of 24 portraits of holocaust survivors and liberators living in Tennessee by Robert Heller. Heller, a professor in the School of Journalism and Electronic Media at the University of Tennessee since 1986, received his B.S. and M.A. degrees in photojournalism from Syracuse University. He taught photography and graphics for five years at the University of Miami, and was publications designer and photographer<span class="text_exposed_show"> at the State University of New York College at New Paltz, and Elmira College in New York. Heller also taught photography at The Center for Photography at Woodstock, New York. His photographs have been selected for numerous juried exhibitions and he continues to do freelance work in both graphic design and photography. </span>Living On is a project of the Tennessee Holocaust Commission, which is funded by an annual appropriation from the Tennessee State Legislature and by private donations. Assistance in the development of this documentary project was provided, as well, by the Conference on Jewish Material Claims Against Germany, Inc. The traveling exhibition was curated by Susan W. Knowles.</p><p> </p> Reprocessed <p><strong>August 4 - 19, 2017</strong></p><p>Reprocessed is an exhibition of art by three Knoxville artists who use found imagery and materials to create their unique pieces. The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to display woven work by Judi Gaston and mixed media pieces by Kelly Hider and Beth Meadows. <span class="text_exposed_show">Judi Gaston recalls as a child poring over books with photographs of exotic places. Now she seizes every opportunity to visit far away lands – Kenya, India, Peru, the Amazon Basin, Australia, Samoa… She tries to incorporate some of the contributions that these cultures have made, blending them in new and distinctive forms using old buttons, beads, patching, knotting and embroidery techniques in her woven clothing. Along with her wearable fashions, she also designs a recycled wearable art series. She likes making wearables that have a history of having lived previous lives. </span><span class="text_exposed_show">Beth Meadows‘ artwork is inspired by fashion and design, folk art, children’s books, and the strength, confidence, and beauty of women. She lives and works in Knoxville, Tennessee. </span><span class="text_exposed_show">Kelly Hider was raised in Rochester, NY. She received her BFA from SUNY Brockport in 2007, and an MFA from the University of Tennessee in 2011. She is a founding member of the Vacuum Shop Studios, where her studio is currently located, and is Co-Chair of the Dogwood Regional Fine Arts Exhibit. Hider is the Gallery Coordinator at Arrowmont School of Arts and Crafts and resides in Knoxville, TN.</span></p><p> </p> Dual Current: Inseparable Elements in Painting and Architecture <p><strong>September 1 - October 7, 2017</strong></p><p>Dual Current: Inseparable Elements in Painting and Architecture, curated by Gabriele Evertz, examines the relationship between painting and architecture in a contemporary context through color, shape, and theory. The artists whose works are featured in this exhibition are: Josef Albers (American, born Germany, 1888–1976), Matthew Deleget (American, born 1972), Peter Dudek (American, born 1952), Cris Gianakos (Greek-American, born 1934), Michelle Grabner (American, born 1962), Lynne Harlow (American, born 1968), Changha Hwang (Korean, born 1969), Russell Maltz (American, born 1952), Rossana Martinez (Puerto Rican, born 1969), Kristine Marx (American, born 1969), and Manfred Mohr (German, born 1938). Their works link three-dimensional space and the picture plane to create radical new forms. </p> Morehshin Allahyari <p><strong>October 20 - November 22, 2017</strong></p><p>Morehshin Allahyari is an artist, activist, educator, and occasional curator. She is the recipient of the leading global thinkers of 2016 award by Foreign Policy magazine. Morehshin was born and raised in Iran and moved to the United States in 2007. Her work deals with the political, social, and cultural contradictions we face every day. She thinks about technology as a philosophical toolset to reflect on objects and as a poetic means to document our personal and collective lives struggles in the 21st century. Morehshin is the co-author of The 3D Additivist Cookbook in collaboration with writer/artist Daniel Rourke– (published on December 2016 online in 3DPDF format and in print by the Institute of Networked Cultures). Her modeled, 3D-printed sculptural reconstructions of ancient artifacts destroyed by ISIS, titled Material Speculation: ISIS, have received widespread curatorial and press attention and have been exhibited worldwide.</p> Nocturnal Suns <p><strong>December 1, 2017 - January 6, 2018</strong></p><p>An exhibition of work by 4 professors from the University of Tennessee School of Art: Emily Bivens, 4D; John Kelley, 4D, Mary Laube, painting; and John Powers, sculpture. </p> 2016 exhibitions There is no gallery selected or the gallery was deleted. 2011 - 2015 exhibitions 2011 Walter McConnell: Installation in Clay February 4 – 26, 2011 McConnell, who is well recognized for his large-scale, unfired ceramic sculptures will work with UT art students to construct this project. McConnell’s installations address the relationship between nature and culture – more specifically, the means through which contemporary culture constructs an understanding of nature. McConnell currently serves on the faculty at the New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred, NY. Seeing Things: Joel Carreiro March 4 – 26, 2011 Joel Carreiro’s work organizes and recomposes small squares of imagery borrowed from Renaissance paintings, European drawings and Medieval manuscripts and transforms them into large works on wood panels that create a new visual language entirely different from its original intent. Joel Carreiro is an artist based in New York City. Art of Poland April 1 – 30, 2011 The UT Downtown Gallery is especially pleased to present Art of Poland, the Collection of Ambassador & Mrs. Victor Ashe during the month of April and the Dogwood Arts Festival Celebration. This exhibition includes paintings, sculpture, folk art and glass works by some Poland’s leading artists working today such as Edvard Dwurnik, Stanislaw Borowski, Leszek Sokol and Michal Puszczynski among others. Victor Ashe, was mayor of Knoxville from 1987-2003 and served as the U.S. Ambassador to Poland from 2004 until 2009. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2011 May 6 – 27, 2011 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, the Knox County Art Educators Exhibition has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. The exhibition has greatly increased awareness of the importance of art education in Knox County. This is the Downtown Gallery’s third year to host this exhibition, which includes, paintings, drawings, sculpture, printmaking, photography and video. Richard LeFevre: The Civil War Series July 1 – August 13, 2011 Richard LeFevre taught graphic design and illustration courses at The University of Tennessee for 33 years and was the first graphic design faculty member hired by the School of Art. He continued his professional career while teaching at UT. One of his most enduring interests was the history of the Civil War. He served as President of the Knoxville Civil War Roundtable. Goes to Eleven: First Year MFA exhibition August 19 – 27, 2011 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to exhibit the work of our first year graduate students who are entering the UT School of Art Graduate program within their various disciplines. The exhibit showcases the outstanding talent and artistic visions of these new students, which includes painting, printmaking, graphic design and sculpture works. Exhibiting students were: Andrew Merriss, April Bachtel, Eric Cagley, Cierra Reppert, Daniel Ogletree, Hannah Skoonberg, Jennifer Scheuer, Jonathan Lisenby, Justin Clay, Tamra Hunt, and Victoria Buck. Scott Sherk: Mapping Sound September 2 – 30, 2011 Mapping Sound explores ideas about the representation of space through the use of sound. If sculpture is an exploration of space through form, in these works of sound sculpture, sound becomes the primary focus of the exploration of three-dimensional space. Scott Sherk is a sculptor who often works with sound. His work has been widely shown, including his Katonah Sound Project installation at the Katonah Museum of Art and several exhibitions at the Kim Foster Gallery in New York City. He has released several collections of field recorded and manipulated sounds. Click here to view installation images. Justin Randolph Thompson: The Pits October 7 – 28, 2011 The Pits is a multi-disciplinary installation and performance that investigates the political employment of sound, both in realm of propaganda and as protest, and the visual hierarchies of the architectural organization of theatre space. The orchestra is collaboration with students and faculty of the UT music department. Jazz musician, composer, and UT alum Jason Thompson will work with this group to create an 8-10 piece pit orchestra that will be conducted to perform a score that shifts from classical, triumphant marches, into the drum and flute sound of Black Power poets, through folk styles of spiritual praise, and finally into abrasive Hip Hop. Click here to view installation images. Unseen and other projects: Holly Zausner November 4 – 26, 2011 Holly Zausner’s work is about transformation through mediums both literal and metaphorical. For this body of work, she has transformed Unseen, a super 16 mm film made in 2007, which was shown at the Bode Museum, into a series of black, white, and colored collages. In the film “Unseen” the artist searches through key locations and museums in the city of Berlin attempting to find metaphorical space and literal rest for two rubber sculptures, one female and one male. As Zausner and her two rubbery protagonists move through the city, a non-linear narrative unfolds. They encounter sites central to the life of the city, like a bread factory and a newspaper plant, as well as historical sites, like a defunct amusement park in the former East. Zausner’s fascination with the imagery from the film compelled her to reexamine the content and the structure of the different scenes through collage. Using repetition and reconfiguration, the collages are a different way of exploring the act of filming, editing, and making the sound, which are all components that create the foundation and meaning of the collages. Click here to view installation images. Genus species: Ewing December 2, 2011 – January 15, 2012 Genus species: EWING focuses on selections from the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Each work of art is united by a common subject matter — the Kingdom Anamalia. This exhibition includes art in all media — video, sculpture, painting, printmaking, and photography. Genus species: EWING includes works by artists such as Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Andy Warhol, Sue Coe, Eleanor Dickinson, Walter Haskell Hinton, Salvador Dali, Mark Steinmetz, Harrison Cady, Bessie Harvey, and Ed Westcott. A number of the pieces are also by current and former University of Tennessee art professors: Clark Stewart, Paul Lee, Beauvais Lyons, Byron McKeeby, and Diane Fox. 2012 Redefining the Multiple: Thirteen Japanese Printmakers January 20 – February 25, 2012 This exhibition examines the state of contemporary printmaking in Japan, and challenges the traditional definitions of prints and printmaking. All of the participating artists received their formal training as printmakers and the production of multiples remains at the heart of their creative process. While utilizing tools and techniques of the printmaker, some of the artists now create work that has transitioned into forms that are associated with other media, such as sculpture, painting, and digital imaging. Of the selected participants, four make three-dimensional objects and installations, two paint with printmaking tools, three utilize digital photography and technology, while the others pursue traditional and recognizable printmaking techniques. Each artist exhibited three to five works, resulting in a diverse selection of objects and images from the hands of an equally diverse group of artists, including men and women of various ages from their mid-twenties to mid-sixties. The artists reside and work in different regions throughout Japan, and the visual content of their work ranges anywhere from formal abstraction, to iterations of traditional Japanese cultural images. Co-curated by Ewing Gallery Director Sam Yates and Hideki Kimura, Chair of Printmaking at Kyoto City University of Arts, Redefining the Multiple brings the best of contemporary Japanese printmaking to the United States. click here to view installation images. In Action: Mark Newport March 2 – 31, 2012 Artist Mark Newport creates hand-knit acrylic yarn recreations of hero costumes, prints of the artist in costume, and carved, costumed figure sculptures. The costumes are life size, wearable objects that hang limply on hangers. They challenge the standard muscular form of the hero and offer the space for someone to imagine himself or herself wearing the costume, therefore becoming the hero. Mark is an artist and educator living in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. He is the Artist in Residence and Head of Fiber at the Cranbrook Academy of Art. He earned his BFA at the Kansas City Art Institute in 1986 and his MFA at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1991. Newport’s work has been exhibited throughout the U.S., Canada, and Europe. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2012 March 2 – 31, 2012 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2012 April 2 – 14, 2012 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s feature exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3-D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists were selected by internationally recognized juror, Allen Peterson, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Click here to view installation images. MFA 2012: Vickie Phipps and Jon Purtill In partial fulfillment of their graduation requirements, students pursuing the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree are required to mount a solo exhibition of work, and to defend their work during an oral examination in front of a faculty committee. Due to the number of graduate students enrolled in the UT School of Art, these exhibitions generally take the form of small groups of students presenting concurrent solo exhibitions in the gallery space. Click here to view work by Jon Purtill On Location Part I: Five Tennessee Plein Air Painters June 1 – 30, 2012 Plein air painting has a rich international tradition, and our regional Tennessee artists are part of that continuum. Mike C. Berry, manager of the UT Downtown Gallery, and a plein air painter himself, curated this exhibition. We are grateful to the artists who have so generously allowed their work to be shared with the Knoxville Community. The five featured artists were: Anne Blair Brown, Franklin, TN; Roger Dale Brown, Nashville, TN; Lori Putnam, Franklin, TN; Brett Weaver, Chattanooga, TN; and Dawn Whitelaw, Franklin, TN. Click here to view installation images. On Location Part II: Land Portrait July 6 – 27, 2012 Land Portrait features works from members of the Culture Laboratory Collective based upon their relationship with a particular place, landform, landscape, topography, or state of current residence. These pieces, when combined, serve as comprehensive land portraits. Translations of localities can act as reflections of communities continually in flux. The visual statements produced for this exhibition may provide a more complete understanding of who (and where) we are. The value of place and landscape is immeasurable. Memories from places can become etched in our minds and contextualized over time. This exhibit offers a view into a collective memory and re-locates interpretations of place into a public, conversational setting. Curated by Brian R. Jobe Click here to view installation images. Figurative Works on Paper from the Ewing Gallery Permanent Collection August 3 – 18, 2012 This exhibition featured figurative works on paper, including watercolors, drawings, photography, and printmaking. Notable works include: portraits by Chuck Close and Alice Neel, prints by Francisco Goya, Leon Golub, Kathe Kollwitz, Keith Haring, Luis Jiminez, and William Hogarth, and photography by Helmut Newton and Walker Evans. Also in the exhibition were works from School of Art professors, students, and visiting artists, past and present. These artists are, Baldwin Lee, Don Kurka, Eleanor Dickinson, Mark Steinmetz, and Joseph Delaney. Click here to view installation images. Sweetbreads August 23 – September 1, 2012 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to exhibit the work of our first year graduate students who are entering the UT School of Art Graduate program within their various disciplines. The exhibit showcases the outstanding talent and artistic visions of these new students, which includes painting, printmaking, graphic design and sculpture works. The following artists exhibited work: James Boychuck-Hunter, David Harman, Raluca Iancu, Kevin Kao, Alexandra Kirtley, Kevin Varney, and Thomas Wharton Click here to view installation images. The Legacy of James Randolph Denton September 7 – 8, 2012 A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA), James Randolph Denton founded the Association for Creative Zoology in 1908 an effort to rebut the popularization of evolutionary theory in American public schools and universities. Working with the London publisher Everitt Ormsby Hokes, founder of Hokes Scholarly Lithography, Denton published two collections of color lithographs documenting the principle of animal hybridity, what he referred to as “zoomorphic juncture.” These were Rare Zoological Specimens and Ornithological Quadrupeds, both published in the 1920s, the second of which emulates the publications of the British naturalist John Gould. Arguing for Creation Science, Reverend Denton cited the unicorn and the dragon, each of which are mentioned in the King James Edition of the Bible, as examples of this phenomena. Denton argued that animal hybridity explained species diversity and disputed the principles of natural selection. Click here to view installation images. Pencil Pushed September 19 – October 28, 2012 In this exhibition, the word pencil functions simply as a metaphor or symbol for drawing and its activity. The artists selected are known for their drawing or drawing activity as their primary means of expression and have either pushed the material, process, or boundary of conventional drawing. Media included video, sculpture, animation, installation, and of course, works on paper. This exhibition is neither a survey nor the definitive grouping of mark-making artists. It is more a conversation about artists who have and continue to explore these regions in drawing. The diversity of the exhibition favored mid-career artists, but ranged from emerging to late. Featured artists in Pencil Pushed are: William Anastasi, William Pittman Andrews, Caroline Burton, Elisa D’Arrigo, Mary Reid Kelley, Sharon Louden, Jennifer Macdonald, Peter Mollenkof, Darcy Brennan Poor, Bill Richards, Beatrice Riese, Hilda Shen, Drew Shiflett, Stephen Talasnik, and Sam Vernon Click here to view installation images. Based on a True Story November 1 – November 21, 2012 Curated by New York artist Joel Carreiro, Based on a True Story features work by artists who use narrative in a variety of ways. This exhibition includes 2 and 3 dimensional works, as well as video projections. Matthew Garrison is based in Reading, PA; Yeon Jin Kim lives and works in New York, and Chris Miner is based in Memphis, TN. Click here to view installation images. Capstone 2012 November 27 – 30, 2012 The Capstone course is a requirement for all BFA Studio Art majors. Students take Capstone in the final semester of their BFA degree. During Capstone students engage in a self-initiated research project to demonstrate that a graduating senior has learned and can practice the skills and concepts of a chosen concentration (2D, 3D, 4D). The Capstone also demonstrates the student’s ability to intellectualize and articulate issues and ideas about contemporary art. Successful completion of the Capstone course is a requirement of graduation. The UT Downtown Gallery is excited to present the work of 5 graduating seniors in this year’s capstone exhibition. Exhibiting students are: Sarah Crumley, Kayla Courtoy, David Holland, Bill Warden, and Catherine Widner. Click here to view installation images. Revealed: Pat Badt and Paul Briggs December 7, 2012 – January 18, 2013 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present Revealed, an exhibition of paintings by Pat Badt and ceramic sculptures by Paul Briggs. The paintings and sculptures share a similar modesty in size, creating an approachable and intimate relationship between object and viewer. The work is meditative in process. Lines and leaf-forms vary in length, color, orientation, and proximity to the next. It is repetitive, yet unique. Click here to view installation images. 2013 Northern Exposure January 23 – 25, 2013 In the summer of 2013, six students accompanied Ewing Gallery director, Sam Yates to New York, Philadelphia, Boston, New Haven, and Washington DC. They visited major art museums, had studio visits with artists, and learned about the contemporary art world. The work on display was inspired by their travels. The exhibiting students are, Alexandra Gellis, Eric Cagley, Brandon Donahue, Sarah Campbell, Jessica Beeler, and Kelly Householder. Click here to view installation images. Chad Curtis: Panorama of Desire February 1 – 23, 2013 Chad D. Curtis is an artist and technologist living and working in Philadelphia. Drawing inspiration from both digital technology and homebrew DIY makers, Curtis’s work examines the abstraction of materiality in the digital age and the effects of high technology on the relationship between human beings and the natural environment. Curtis has exhibited internationally, including more than fifty solo and group exhibitions in the past ten years. He holds an M.F.A. from Alfred University and is an Associate Professor at the Tyler School of Art, Temple University. Click here to view installation images. William Lamson: Fieldwork March 1 – 2, 2013 William Lamson is a Brooklyn-based artist who works in video, photography, performance, and sculpture. His work is in the collections of the Brooklyn Museum, the Dallas Museum of Art, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and a number of private collections. Since graduating from the Bard M.F.A. program in 2006, his work has been shown at the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, P.S.1 MOMA, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Santa Fe, among others. Lamson is currently working on two installations for Storm King Art Center in Mountainville, New York. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2013 March 25 – April 6, 2013 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s featured exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists were selected by nationally recognized juror, Durant Thompson, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Durant Thompson is an Associate Professor of sculpture in the Department of Art at the University of Mississippi. In 1997, Durant received a BFA in Sculpture from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and in 2001 he earned an MFA in Sculpture from Louisiana State University. He has also worked at The Johnson Atelier School of Technical Sculpture in New Jersey and at the University of Southern Mississippi as a technician and instructor before accepting his current position. Click here to view installation images. MFA: Greg Daiker, Alex Merchant, Shelly O’Barr, and Neil Ward In partial fulfillment of their graduation requirements, students pursuing the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree are required to mount a solo exhibition of work, and to defend their work during an oral examination in front of a faculty committee. Due to the number of graduate students enrolled in the UT School of Art, these exhibitions generally take the form of small groups of students presenting concurrent solo exhibitions in the gallery space. Click here to view installation images for Daiker and Merchant. Click here to view installation images for O’Barr and Ward. ARTSOURCE 2013 May 3 – 18, 2013 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Knoxville Watercolor Society 50th Anniversary Exhibition June 7 – 29, 2013 The KWS celebrates its 50th anniversary with an exhibition of works by the current members as well as highlighting the founding members: Robert Birdwell, Ted Burnett, Richard Clarke, Kermit “Buck” Ewing, George Galloway, Martha Godwin, Arlene Goff, David Joyner, Josephine Mayo, Margaret Scanlan, Walter “Holly” Stevens, Carl Sublett, and Betsy Worden. Click here to view installation images. Print Resonance July 5 – 27, 2013 Fifty graduate students and faculty members at five universities: the University of Alberta, Canada; the University of Tennessee, Knoxville; the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Antwerp, Belgium; Silpakorn University, Thailand and Musashino Art University, Tokyo, Japan created prints specifically for this project. The participating artists made their prints on the same size paper, allowing the viewer to focus on the image, rather than the scale of the work. The audience is encouraged to consider the artistic expression from each university and to find commonality across geographic and cultural borders, as the printmakers share ideas about their own interests, lives, and values. The works were created using various print techniques, which include inkjet, etching, drypoint, chine-colle, lithography, woodcut, intaglio and blind printing. This portfolio is a limited edition of 10 copies, two for each of the five universities, with the goal of further development of printmaking education around the globe. Click here to view installation images. 20 Years After August 2 – 24, 2013 This exhibition features the work of 14 MFA artists from the UTK School of Art Class of 1993. Artists will be displaying work that is current or important in their journey in fine arts over the last 20 years. The UT MFA program attracts students from different regions of the United States as exemplified in this exhibition, which include artists from Mississippi, Florida, Minnesota, New York, Michigan, Kentucky and Tennessee. Artists included in the exhibition: Scott Palmer — Ceramics, Annette Bongers – Ceramics, Melody Reeves — Printmaking, Rob Tarbell — Painting, Eric Fracassi — Sculpture, David Deitrick — Graphic Design, Eric Smith — Graphic Design, Joel House — Sculpture, Melanie McLaughlin — Graphic Design, Kris Rehring Jones — Graphic Design, Debi Henry Danielson — Painting, Brad Cantrell — Ceramics, Laurie Robichaux — Ceramics, Earl Watson — Graphic Design. Click here to view installation images. Echo of the Object September 6 – 26, 2013 Echo of the Object is an exhibition featuring work by Ball State faculty members: Hannah Barnes, Jennifer Halvorson, David Hannon, and Jacinda Russell. This exhibition brings together several series of works in drawing, painting, photography, and sculpture. Each body of work explores how objects of symbolic or personal significance play a role in the construction of memory, identity, and meaning. The metaphor of containment is a consistent theme in each artist’s work, both in the use of objects whose literal function is to contain (bags, jars, boxes), and also in the suggestion that seemingly insignificant objects have a certain capacity to become filled with meaning. Time, humor, absurdity, the domestic, and the everyday are additional themes this exhibition will seek to explore. Click here to view installation images. Ossuary: A project by Lorrie Beth Clarke October 4 – 26, 2013 Three hundred artists have contributed to Ossuary. Their work, in many media, includes single bones, clusters of bones, and art works inspired by, using, or playing with the idea of bones. These bones are political statements and personal elegies, memorials to individuals and statements about mortality. They represent connections to our ancestors and/or to our descendants. Some works are serious and some use bones in a completely playful manner. Ossuary was developed in response to the repositories of bones that have accrued in countries like Cambodia and Rwanda, but Ossuary is not a project about those traumas. Rather, Ossuary offers a poignant counter-image to mass violence. It is a project about the hope that art brings. Ossuary is a cumulative traveling project. It began in Madison, Wisconsin. Artists interested in contributing bones to future exhibitions should write to [email protected]. This relational project was initiated and developed by the artist Laurie Beth Clark. Clark, who is a Professor in the Art Department at the University of Wisconsin, has shown work in galleries, museums, theatres, and public spaces in North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Click here to view installation images. AAA 75th Anniversary Print Portfolio November 1 – 16, 2013 This is the first digitally produced portfolio published by American Abstract Artists. All past portfolios—1937, 1987, 1997—were produced using various forms of lithography and means of transferring image to plate. Unlike traditional printmaking, the digital inkjet process does not involve a physical matrix from which ink is transferred to paper. This marks both a technical and a conceptual shift in printmaking. Our choice of the medium situates this portfolio squarely in the current century and is an indication of the group’s forward momentum. The artists were asked to provide a digital file meeting predetermined specifications, yet no restrictions were placed on how the file could be created. The digital process enabled a wide variety of approaches that include abstract and documentary photography, scanning of flat-work made expressly for the project, digital compositing and image manipulation, as well as the use of vector-based software and hand-coded algorithms. The results are as varied as the artists’ individual sensibilities. Click here to view installation images. AIR 30th Anniversary Exhibition December 6, 2013 – January 10, 2014 Begun after the retirement of painting professor Carl Sublett, the Artist-in-Residence Program enriches a student’s experience further by regularly bringing new artists from outside the university who are active in the contemporary gallery and museum arenas. Each semester an invited resident artist teaches both undergraduate and graduate level courses in the painting and drawing curriculum. The AIR program has been highly successful in making a direct connection to the marketplace of ideas that surrounds art centers such as New York City, Chicago, and LA. The artists we bring to campus represent a spectrum of current sensibilities in painting and drawing holding sway in the art world today. This exhibition features work from past participating artists from the Ewing Gallery permanent collection. Click here to view installation images. 2014 Death Rock City: Dannielle Tegeder January 24 – February 28, 2014 Featuring new and recent work, Death Rock City examines how New York artist Dannielle Tegeder challenges the two-dimensional boundaries of traditional painting through the integration of animation, sculpture into her work. Dannielle Tegeder earned her BFA from the State University of New York at Purchase and her MFA from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. She has had solo gallery exhibitions in Paris, Berlin, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston and participated in numerous group exhibitions at PS1/MoMA, The New Museum, The Brooklyn Museum, and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.Her work is in the collections of a number of museums including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago, and the Weatherspoon Art Museum at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Click here to view installation images. New Topology: Paul Krainak March 7 – March 29, 2014 Topology employs elements of early modern logic and its attendant forms in art and technology. It considers aesthetic and industrial incentives originating in rural America and calls into question modernism’s strictly urban mythology. Grids, cruciforms, and wood grain details are embedded in extended patterns calling to mind Constructivist and Bauhaus Schools’ principals of industrial hybridity and utopianism. But the site of industry here is agriculture with distilled forms taken from domestic textile design, land management diagrams, and vernacular architecture. Paul Krainak is an artist, critic, and Chair of the Art Department at Bradley University. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2014 April 4 – 19, 2014 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s featured exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists will be selected by esteemed professor, Laticia Bajuyo, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Click here to view installation images. MFA Exhibition: Eric Cagley April 21-25, 2014 Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2014 May 2 – May 22, 2014 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Marion Greenwood in Tennessee June 6 – August 9, 2014 Marion Greenwood in Tennessee features her mural of the history of Tennessee music painted for the University Center at the University of Tennessee in 1954; “The Partnership of Man and Nature,” a WPA mural painted in 1940, graciously loaned by the Crossville, TN Post Office; preparatory sketches loaned by UT Special Collections; and lithographs from the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Click here to view installation images. Ask Me, I can Help. August 22 – 23, 2014 An exhibition of the incoming class of 2017 MFA candidates. Twelve student artists feature their current work as they begin their graduate studies at the University of Tennessee, School of Art. Exhibiting students are: Corinna Ray, Anna Wehrwein, Jing Qin, Josh Shorey, Jessica Gatlin, Abigail Lucien, Elysia Mann, Adam Higgins, Meg Erlewine, Geoff Silvis, Chris Spurgin, and Bailey Davenport. Click here to view installation images. AIR of UT September 5 – 27, 2014 AIR of UT is an exhibition of the Limited Box Edition project, curated by artists Wade Guyton ’95, Josh Smith ’98, and Meredyth Sparks ’94. The Limited Box Edition project is part of a fundraising campaign to support the School of Art’s Artist-in-Residence in Painting and Drawing program. Now in its 32nd year, the Artist-in-Residence (AIR) program enriches a student’s experience by bringing a different artist to spend the semester teaching undergraduate and graduate students. The resident artists are selected because they have launched successful careers in the contemporary gallery and museum world nationally and internationally. They furnish students with significant role models and faculty with new professional connections beyond Knoxville. Each of the organizing alumni — Wade Guyton, Meredyth Sparks, and Josh Smith — benefited from this program, and have asked their former School of Art peers as well as past Artists in Residence to contribute images to the three curated portfolios making up the Limited Box Edition. AIR of UT and the Limited Box Edition is a celebration of the legacy and impact of the Artist in Residence program on the School of Art and its graduates. Click here to view installation images. DeWitt Godfrey: Drawings, Proposals, Plans, Models, Diagrams, Documents October 3 – 31, 2014 DeWitt Godfrey is a Professor of sculpture in the department of Art and Art History at Colgate. Godfrey completed his undergraduate work at Yale University, was a member of the inaugural group of CORE Fellows at the MFA Houston, and received his MFA from Edinburgh College of Art, Edinburgh, Scotland. He is the recipient of numerous grants and fellowships, including a National Endowment for the Arts Artist’s Fellowship, a New York Foundation for the Arts Artists Fellowship, a Japan Foundation Artist’s Fellowship, and a Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation Artist Fellowship. His work is in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas and the Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York. His commissioned work includes “Concordia” for Lexarts, Lexington, KY; “Waverly Place” Cambridge Arts Council; “Greenwich South” a visioning exercise by the Downtown Alliance, New York, NY and installations at Frederik Meijer Garden and Sculpture Park, Grand Rapids, MI; The DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, Lincoln, MA; and the Kennedy Art Museum, Ohio University, Athens, OH. Click here to view installation images. Louis Chan: My Home November 7 – 26, 2014 My Home is an on-going project aimed to help define my identity as a Chinese American and attempt to preserve generations of memories and experiences of Chinese immigrants through photography. My Home serves as a contemporary marker for Chinese Americans to reflect on the hopes, dreams, and sacrifices made for them by older generations in order for their children to have a chance of a better life in America. Click here to view installation images. Of A Feather December 5, 2014 – January 15, 2015 Artists throughout history have found inspiration in the form of birds. Man imbued birds with mystical and religious meaning due to their fascinating ability to exist in two worlds – the earthly world, and the sky, or heavenly realm. Drawn primarily from the Ewing Gallery’s permanent collection, Of a Feather features works from historic and contemporary artists who represent birds in a diverse assortment of styles. While some artists approach the bird as studies of simplified form others utilize strategies of space and distance to take a more poetic or analytical look at the economic and social issues attached to birds. Works range from hyperrealism to whimsical to abstract. This exhibition incorporates a number of artists of artists from New York and Chicago including Keith Haring, Michael Kirk, Keith Long, Diane Churchill, and Laurie Hogin; regional artists, Howard Finster, Todd Johnson, Kelly Hider, Heather Middlebrooks, Gary Monroe, and Richard Jolley, as well as distinguished faculty from the University of Tennessee – Jered Sprecher, Diane Fox, Beauvais Lyons, Marcia Goldenstein, Don Kurka, Bill Kennedy, Clark Stewart and Byron McKeeby. The artworks on display consider themes of scientific inquiry, symbolism, environmental consciousness, and the rituals of birding, among others. The exhibition is in tribute to the late artist Ellen Lanyon who often used images of birds in her art. Click here to view installation images. 2015 Paul Sacaridiz: Configurations January 23 – February 28, 2015 The work in this exhibition explores the non-objective and propositional quality that sculpture can have, and the ways in which we can understand something devoid of specificity and illustration. Presented on custom-built risers and linear structures, individual components are often physically or conceptually networked together with arrangements of objects ranging from the random and chaotic to the precise and articulate. Through careful positioning and intentional framing the works are suggestive of abstracted models and diagrammatic systems that allude to a sculptural logic that is both pragmatic and allusive at the same time. Click here to view installation images. Time and Again: Ruth Weisberg March 6 – 27, 2015 Ruth Weisberg has been an important influence on printmaking both as an artist and educator. Her creative activity and scholarship encompasses not only studio production in printmaking, painting, and drawing, but central and influential articles, essays and book chapters that have played a vital role in advancing print theory. Her 1986 essay “Syntax of the Print” published in the Tamarind Papers is frequently assigned to students in printmaking programs and remains relevant almost 30 years after it was first published. As one of her nominators, Mark Pascale, Associate Curator of Printmaking at the Art Institute of Chicago, praised not only her work as a printmaker and draftsman, he also emphasized her writings as an important contribution to the field of printmaking. Ruth Weisberg is 2015 recipient of the SGC International Printmaker Emeritus Award. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2015 April 3 – 17, 2015 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Strangers and Stand-Ins: Sunita Prasad April 22-25, 2015 The three works on display express my desire to distill and undermine normative expectations about which behaviors and expressions are appropriate for whom. A choreographic example can be found in Presumptuous?, an ongoing video series shot in cities around the world which disrupts the codes of urban co-existence by inserting hyper-intimate and often queer interactions into public space. Click here to view installation images. The Civil War Series: Richard J. Lefevre May 1 – June 27, 2015 Richard J. LeFevre’s Civil War Series presents the history of United States Civil War (1861 – 1865) through works on paper that depict 32 of the war’s most significant battles. By combining his love of history and his skill as an illustrator, LeFevre used inventive mixed-media techniques to create these powerful images inspired by his personal investigation into that terrible and definitive era. Click here to view installation images. Land Report July 3 – 31, 2015 Jason S. Brown, Brian R. Jobe, David L. Jones, Patrick Kikut, and Shelby Shadwell The Land Report Collective deals with landscape in fundamental ways and as a foundational reference point. Brown considers the politics of mountaintop removal in his construction of objects and installations while also creating playful formal assemblages. Jobe crafts meeting places for public interaction through the delineation of pathways and works with brick and wood. Jones responds to desert environments with experimental interactions, model scale sculpture, and large scale outdoor works. Kikut incorporates a lifelong interest in the horizon line in a series of paintings with flat Midwestern landscapes as his muse. Shadwell views the landscape from a non-traditional lens, responding to ephemeral images from highway road cameras, monumental mining operations and the optical nature of the salt flats through drawing, sculpture and video installation. Click here for installation images. Life in Light: An Exhibition of Poems in Paintings August 7 – 15, 2015 Life in Light is an exhibition of paintings inspired by the poetry of local doctor, Humayun Kabir. Dr. Kabir’s poetry has been transformed into image by Bangladeshi artist, Mostafiz Karigar. Click here for installation images. Non-Exempt: A Staff Exhibition September 4 – 26, 2015 Our hardworking staff members step out from behind the scenes and exhibit what they work on when they’re not at work. Media and subject matter were not stipulated at the outset of this exhibition. The pieces on display, therefore, represent an honest ‘work sample’ from a talented segment of the UT community in the School of Art and College of Architecture and Design whose artistic skills might otherwise remain unrecognized outside of their duties as staff members. Devin Balara – Metal Shop Tech, Sculpture/Installation; Mike C. Berry – UT Downtown Gallery Manager, Painting; Eric Cagley – Ewing Gallery Staff, Painting; Debbie Cooper – School of Art Staff, Quilting; Heather Eades– Media Pool, Painting; Jeremy Hammond– Wood Shop Manager, Sculpture; Tally Locke – Fab Lab Manager, Sculpture; Sarah McFalls – Ewing Gallery Staff, Multi-media installation; Hannah Shimabukuro –Printmaking Tech, Installation/photography; Jason Tyler -School of Art Media Tech, Photography Click here for installation images. Lorrie Fredette: between locations October 2 – 31, 2015 Lorrie Fredette creates site-specific investigations that examine beauty, harmony, and comfort to comprehend the incomprehensible aspects of infection, pandemic and the plague. Her pieces have been exhibited nationally and internationally including solo and group exhibitions in the US and Europe. Exhibition venues include Cynthia –Reeves Project (Brattleboro, VT), Art Southampton (Southampton, NY), Seton Hall University (South Orange, NJ), Bank of America Headquarters (Charlotte, NC) Mass MoCA (North Adams, MA), Cape Cod Museum of Art (Dennis, MA) and Jyvaskyla Art Museum (Jyvaskyla, Finland) Fredette holds a BFA in sculpture from the Herron School of Art / Indiana University. Cynthia-Reeves in New York represents her work. Click here for installation images. John Messinger November 6 – 28, 2015 John Messinger combines elements of photography and tapestry to create large-scale, 3-dimensional mixed media artworks. His body of work consists of thousands of individual 3.25 x 4.25 inch instant photographs assembled together to create photographic tapestries that examine the proliferation and ubiquity of the photograph in the digital age. Inspired by the notions of singularity and time, Messinger combines hundreds of varying images and transforms them into a single experience. His work fuses indexical and abstract imagery to question the notion of photography, photographer, and subject. Click here for installation images. You Call That Art!: an exhibition of editorial cartoons by Charlie Daniel December 4 – January 29, 2016 The exhibition featured a large selection of “Rosy’s Diner” cartoons as well as a variety of subjects and themes from the past two decades. Charlie Daniel came to Knoxville in 1958 as the editorial cartoonist for The Knoxville Journal. He moved to the Knoxville News Sentinel in January 1992 and has been the editorial cartoonist here ever since. Click here for installation images. 2004-2010 exhibitions 2004 Life in the City: The Art of Joseph Delaney September 11 – October 30, 2004 Like Lloyd Branson, Catherine Wiley, and his brother Beauford Delaney, Joseph Delaney was a Knoxville-born artist who gained international recognition. Inaugurating The University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery, Life in the City: The Art of Joseph Delaney highlights some 60 works that demonstrate Joseph’s interest in urban life – parades, public parks, architecture and street scenes. The George & Helen Spelvin Folk Art Collection November 6 – December 19, 2004 Created by Beauvais Lyons, Professor of Art and Director of the Hokes Archives at The University of Tennessee, The George and Helen Spelvin Folk Art Collection presents fictitious contemporary folk art. As the “exhibition curator,” Lyons created all the artworks and designed biographical text panels with photographic portraits of each of the 11 imaginary artists. Included are enamel painted records by Lucas Farley, Arthur Middleton’s portrait paintings of American presidents, velvet paintings of brides by Charlotte Black, Max Pritchard’s hand-painted religious tracts on cereal boxes, Rufus Martinez’s ceramic face jugs, and Lester Coleman Dowdy’s “limberjack” puppets. This irrelevant exhibition emulates folk art, and at the same time, it ironically imitates museum conventions. 2005 Gregg Schlanger: Holston River Diaries January 12 – March 8, 2005 Created by Gregg Schlanger, Holston River Diaries is a two-part exhibition that links the communities of Emory, VA and Knoxville, TN – the first being near the headwaters of the Holston River and later being nears its confluence with the French Broad River, thus forming the Tennessee River. The exhibition’s second part continued at Emory & Henry College’s 1912 Gallery. Let Us Now Praise Famous Men: Walker Evans’ Photographs March 11 – April 17, 2005 Walker Evans’ photographs made for James Agee’s classic work Let Us Now Praise Famous Men served as the culmination of Evans’ talents as well as the realistic portrayal of the conditions of the American tenant farmer during the 1930s Depression. Walker Evans’ images revolutionized the standards of documentary photography. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Jennifer Leach, Printmaking April 20 – Apr 27, 2005 Graphic Design Senior Show April 30 – May 6, 2005 Senior Graphic Design Students display their design work and attend the opening to meet and greet potential clients and employers Through the Lens of Ed Westcott: A Photographic History of World War II’s Secret City June 16 – September 3, 2005 In 1942, the Army Corps of Engineers relocated James Edward Westcott to Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and assigned him the task of official photographer for the Manhattan Project – a massive wartime effort to produce the first atomic bomb. As secrecy of the project was paramount, the “atomic” city was fenced, and communication with the outside world was limited. What is more, no cameras were allowed inside the fenced boundaries. Thus, Westcott became not only the official photographer for the Manhattan Project, but he also became the sole photographer of the social and recreational events of Oak Ridge. It is only through Westcott’s photographs that the visual history of Oak Ridge can be appreciated. Enduring: The Social Conscience of Eleanor Dickinson September 10 – November 5, 2005 Eleanor Dickinson, a native of Knoxville, TN, received her Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of Tennessee in 1952, becoming one of the department’s first graduates. One year later, she moved to California and began redefining her process of creating traditional figure drawings via strong emotions. Since then, Dickinson has maintained a life-long commitment to the human form and has responded to intense moments of human existence, ranging from the experiences of Pentecostal Southerners, to the ecstasies of lovers, to the trials of the homeless, to the sufferings of AIDS victims. Alternative Typestyles: An Homage to Vernacular Letterforms Nov 12 – Dec 20, 2005 Alternative Typestyles features original art by exhibition creator Matt Tullis, including hand-drawn typefaces, unique collected fonts, and wall-mounted sculptures based on the assemblage of typographic artifacts. Individual photographic prints of vintage letterforms and signs are also featured. 2006 Mysterious Pleasures: The Art of F. Clark Stewart January 7 – February 25, 2006 Over the past 40 years, educator F. Clark Stewart has impacted the lives and maturation of countless aspiring young artists at the University of Tennessee. Many former students directly credit him for their own success as professional artists and teachers. His contributions as both a dedicated teacher and a cognizant, active member of the university community are immeasurable. The goal of Mysterious Pleasures: The Art of F. Clark Stewart is, however, to celebrate the achievements and work of the artist. The works on exhibition, as with his tenure at the university, span 40 years. Clark never strays far from his primary subject – the human figure- or his primary interest – the human narrative. Art movements, like fashion, have developed and faded with time, but Clark has remained steadfast in his commitment to figurative art and its ability to create mystery and a range of emotional responses. Unfiltered: AIGA 50 Books/50 Covers March 3 – April 1, 2006 Since 1924, The American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) has mounted an annual exhibition that recognizes excellence in book design and production. Books are entered in categories such as trade, reference, juvenile, university and museum publications, and also limited edition and special-format books. The exhibition includes books and book covers designed in 2004. Esteemed jurors selected winners from more than 920 entries. Jurors included; Andrew Blauvelt, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, John Fulbrook III, Simon & Schuster, New York, Sara Gillingham, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, Julia Hasting, Phaidon, New York and Cheryl Towler Weese (chair) Studio Blue, Chicago. MFA Thesis Exhibition: “Valuistics: The Making of” by James Greene April 7 – April 14, 2006 The print Installation is both a display of James Greene’s valuistics as well as a printed history of the word itself. With ”the Making Of,” Greene – a former grocery store clerk and retail employee – reveals his own consumer politics (contradictions and all) by symbolizing and accounting for each of his consumer decisions. The installation is a scale re-creation of Greene’s home, family, and friends printed on pink insulation board and installed in the Downtown Gallery. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Ryan O’Mara April 19 – 26, 2006 The work consists of large abstract ink drawings and paintings some measuring more than 20 feet long. “Abstraction has the ability to exist in a realm of non-logic, idealism and an absence of a system. In my work I change this theoretical space into a physical image, thereby defining the gray”, says O’Mara. AGIA Poster Design Show Apr 28 – May 10, 2006 Three Design Students from the University of Tennessee were included in the American Institute of Graphic Arts National Poster Competition. 30 posters were exhibited from national and international designers. Portrait of Self May 13 – June 3, 2006 Portrait of Self is a community arts project of the Knox County after-school program Shade of Development led by artist and educator Diane Hovis. Created by African American children and adults, the drawings, prints, and photographs on view explore each individual’s sense of self. These visual works are interpretations of written responses to questions posed by Hovis and recorded in journals kept by each participant. Thresholds: Expressions of Art & Spiritual Life June 23 – Aug 4, 2006 New York critic Eleanor Heartney has curated an exhibition that showcases the diversity of both art media and religious beliefs in the work of over fifty artists from five southern states, including Tennessee. This is a joint exhibition, on view simultaneously in both the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture and the UT Downtown Gallery. Drawings from the Central Academy of Fine Art, Beijing, China August 25 – October 11, 2006 30 figure drawings from students at the Central Academy of Fine Art in Beijing, China. Organized and curated by University of Tennessee School of Art Professor, Tom Reising. The Color of Diaspora: Afro-Ecuadorian Images October 20 – November 24, 2006 40 black and white photographs of the Afro-Ecuadorian culture. Organized by University of Tennessee History Professor William Dewey. Polska Fraba/Polish Iink: Contemporary Printmaking on Poland December 1 – December 22, 2006 Polska Fraba/Polish Iink: Contemporary Printmaking on Poland An exhibition organized and curated by Beauvais Lyons, which includes 30 prints by Contemporary Artist from Poland working in Printmaking. 2007 Reverberating Echoes: The Art of Indian Artist M.R. Renjan January 5 – February 24, 2007 Black and white ink paintings by Indian Artist M.R. Renjan. Organized and curated by University of Tennessee graduate student, Shaurya Kumar. Shelter: A Mixed Media Installation Mar 2 – 31, 2007 An exhibition organized through the Samek Art Gallery at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, PA by sculpture professor Tulu Bayer and paining professor Xiaoze Xie. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Lin Lee April 2 – 9, 2007 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Tea Kim Kasor April 10 – 17, 2007 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Shaurya Kumar April 18- 23, 2007 Human Rights Portfolio from South Africa May 4 – June 8, 2007 Hunt Clark & Deborah McClary June 15 – August 3, 2007 Recent collaborative work by Tennessean sculptors, graduates of the UT School of Art. The mixed media piece consists of multiple video projections on Plexiglas suspended from the ceiling, and a white ceramic life-sized sculpture of a calf being roped around its neck. Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition August 10 – September 7, 2007 This International Traveling exhibition of small sculptures from around the world show how artists have handled the challenges of space and scale dictated by sixe of a shoebox. An invitation only exhibition, this exhibit has attracted a large number of well – known artists from Hawaii, the U.S. mainland, Argentina, Cuba, Australia, Korea, Japan, Chia, Thailand, France, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Canada, and Mexico. AIGA 365 September 14 – Oct 5, 2007 The 2006 juried selection of the best communications design produced in 2005. 365 is widely recognized as the most discerning statement on design excellence today, extending a legacy that began 90 years ago. By means of competitions, AIGA creates a chronicle of outstanding design solutions, each demonstrating the process of designing, the role of the designer and the value of design. Jean Hess & Jeffrey Morton: Reverie October 12 – November 7, 2007 This two-person exhibition consists of recent works by Knoxville-based painter Jean Hess and Chattanooga-based painter Jeffery Morton. Hess’ work addresses dream, recollection, nostalgia, and memory with an emphasis on obscure imagery, dissolving texts, and marks and natural forms suffused with light. Jeffery Morton explores images of wind, electricity, twilight, humidity, photosynthesis, and pollen juxtaposed against creatures in flight. Lineages November 16 – December 20, 2007 This exhibition of ceramics explores the pathway and influences of the academic ceramicist. UT professors of ceramics, their spouses, and their mentors will all have work on display. Artists included are; University of Tennessee School of Art professors Sally Brogden and Frank Martin, their spouses Todd Johnson and Polly Martin, and mentors John and Susanne Stephenson, and Ken Ferguson. 2008 Crave January 4 – February 1, 2008 An exhibition initiated by former UT School of Art Artist in Residence, Pinkney Herbert, and organized by Memphis Arts Organization Delta Axis. InCrave these six artists use paint and photographs to explore craving, yearning, longing for, or hankering after. Their diverse work is unified by an attachment to charged images and obsessive processes that speak to this underlying appetite or “craving.” Artist included in the exhibition are, Joel Carreiro, Betsy Chaffin, Amanda Sparks, Thomas Weaver, and Brian Wood. Corapeake February 15 – March 29, 2008 This exhibition showcases an award-winning documentary, by Kendall Messick, about the town of Corapeake in North Carolina. The exhibit uses oral narratives, black and white photography, and artifacts to describe and commemorate the lives led by now-elderly African-American inhabitants of this small, rural town. This film has been shown at the Smithsonian Museum of American History, Wake Forest University, UVA, and many other reputable venues. MFA Thesis Exhibitions: Crystal Wagner and Katherine Nanfro April 4 – 19, 2008 Graphic Design Senior Show April 24 – 26, 2008 Air Box May 2 – 28, 2008 An exhibition by Korean artist Dong-Yong Lee, 2007-08 UT Artist in Residence Carl Sublett: Image Tracks June 2 – 29, 2008 A retrospective view of Carl Sublett’s art by his son, Eric Objectionable Action July 3 – 19, 2008 Objectionable Action represents an art exchange with participants from around the country. Oorganized by two University of Tennessee alumni, Lee Marchalonis and Jessica Meyer, Objectionable Action features other University of Tennessee graduates now residing throughout the United States. The Beauty of Holiness: The Art of Arnold Schwarzbart July 25 – August 16, 2008 Schwarzbart is a Judaic artist who lives in Knoxville. He has worked for over eighteen years designing and producing ceremonial objects as well as donor recognition walls and decorative wall pieces for Jewish organizations throughout the United States. My Home Town: Images of New York City by Baldwin Lee August 22 – September 20, 2008 Photographic images documenting New York City both pre and post 9/11 by New York native, and UT School of Art professor of photography, Baldwin Lee. Lee is the recipient of three Guggenheim and NEA grants. This exhibition was curated by the artist and UT Downtown Gallery director, Sam Yates. Global Mapping September 26 – October 18, 2008 Andrea Loefke, a Brooklyn, New York and Leipzig, Germany-based artist creates hierarchies in which events and narratives compete and communicate. The groupings of objects and their placement within a particular space become a journey of discovery. Future States: Atlas Recent works by Pennsylvania mixed-media artist Dan Mills. This group of drawings addresses issues of American imperialism and globalization. This exhibition was curated by the artist and UT Downtown Gallery director, Sam Yates. Compassionate Voices: Issues of Animal Rights October 24 – November 15, 2008 Compassionate Voices: The Art of Sue Coe, Maia Dery, Diane Fox, and Jack Ketner These artists address issues of animal treatment and exploitation. Lyrical Tableaux by Conley Harris Nov 21 – Dec 20, 2008 Inspired by his many trips to India, Boston-based painter Conley Harris pays tribute to the history of Indian paintings while using it to explore questions of composition, figure/ground relationship, and other painterly issues. 2009 American Institute of Graphic Arts January 2 – 31, 2009 AIGA, the professional association for design, creates an authoritative chronicle of outstanding design solutions, each demonstrating the process of designing and the value of design. AIGA’s suite of competitions is widely recognized as the most discerning statement on design excellence today. Alicia Henry: The Walk Damond Howard: Still America’s Greatest Problem February 6 – 28, 2009 African American artists Alicia Henry, Nashville, TN, and Damon Howard, Orangeburg, SC, examine issues of identity, heritage and gender in American society. Henry, who holds an MFA from Yale University, and Howard, who holds an MFA from the University of Florida, have been nationally recognized for their poignant art. Beyond Surface: Paintings by Tom Riesing and Allen Cox March 6 – 21, 2009 Although one an abstractionist and one a realist, Knoxville painters Allen Cox and Tom Riesing focus on the “surface” in this exhibit. This exhibition was curated by Sam Yates and the artists. University of Cincinnati / University of Tennessee Art Exchange March 25 – April 4, 2009 This exhibition will feature new work by graduate students representing all disciplines—2-D, 3-D, and media. The exhibition will be on view concurrently at The University of Tennessee 1010 Gallery. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Jessie Van der Laan April 7-12, 2009 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Hilary Williams April 17 – 24, 2009 Art Source 2009 May 1-31, 2009 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity in their students. The Knox County Art Educators’ Exhibition gives these teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Japan International Artists Society Exhibition June 5- July 2, 2009 324 works of art by 305 Society members who create in various media ranging from traditional Japanese calligraphy and ceramics to contemporary landscapes and abstraction is on exhibit here and in the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Face It: Contemporary Portraiture July 15 – August 8, 2009 A national juried competition open to artists from all media and backgrounds. Dr. Carl Gombert, Associate Professor of Art at Maryville College, was the juror for the exhibition. Michael Aurbach: The Administrator August 14 – September 12, 2009 This exhibition featured the work of noted sculptor Michael Aurbach who serves on the faculty at Vanderbilt University. Curated by Sam Yates. Beyond Surface: Contemporary Ceramics Artists September 18 – October 17, 2009 This exhibition featured the art of eight east coast ceramicists. The works on view represent the variety of techniques and concepts found in the ceramics field today. Contemporary Taiwanese Artist HoJang Liu Oct 23 – Nov 28, 2009 This exhibition featured the photographic work of HoJang Liu, a Taiwanese artist who lives in Taipei. Intimate Source: The Artist’s Sketchbook Dec 4, 2009 – January 2, 2010 Much of the development for an artwork happens well before the brush meets canvas, the hand meets clay, or the finger meets camera shutter. These preliminary inspirations and concepts go mostly unnoticed and unappreciated. This exhibit brings to light the methods artists employ to inform themselves of the possibilities for their as yet unrealized works. Curated by former Ewing Gallery staff member Timothy Massey, Director of the Tower Fine Arts Gallery at SUNY Brockport. 2010 The 10th International Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition January 15 – February 20, 2010 The 10th International Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition continues a tradition begun by the University of Hawai‘i Department of Art. By invitation only, this exhibition is comprised of 81 sculptures by artists from 14 countries and includes “Meta Physical #4” by Knoxville artist Richard Jolley. The small format of the works in the exhibition, with the subsequent ease and economy of handling, provides exposure to a broad spectrum of contemporary sculpture. These triennial exhibitions were initiated as an attempt to incorporate a variety of multicultural traditions and a range of sculptural ideas, styles, and materials. Deliquesence and Other Transformations: The Photography of Robert Creamer March 5 – 27, 2010 In his recent series of photographic studies of botanical subjects, Maryland artist Robert Creamer blends his interests in technology and the aging process. These photographic images, captured using a digital flatbed scanner, began as an investigation into the revelatory power of technology. Although the scanner is a tool that enhances Creamer’s ability to observe, it is not the apparatus, per se, that interests him most. Moreover, these images are about time, transformation, and transitions. Dali Illustrates Dante’s Divine Comedy June 4 – July 9, 2010 The exhibition represents Dali’s visual interpretation of Dante’s literary masterpiece The Divine Comedy, chronicling Dante Alighieri’s symbolic journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. Salvador Dalí was one of the most well known of the surrealist artists who concentrated on depicting the unconscious and subconscious mind. Dalí labored for nine years to produce a series of 100 watercolors as illustrations to Dante’s classic epic, with each print depicting a verse from the poem. His paintings were reproduced by Jean Estrade of Les Heured Claires and released as a limited edition print suite in honor of the 700th anniversary of Dante Alighieri’s birth in 1265. This collection of work was generously donated to the University of Tennessee’s Ewing Gallery by UT alumnus and businessman Gary Johnson. Through A Transparent Lens Inside Out July 16 – August 14, 2010 Through A Transparent Lens Inside Out, is a unique installation of video, films, and multi-image performance works by Norman Magden, School of Art Professor of 4D Arts.The exhibition’s title, THROUGH A TRANSPARENT LENS INSIDE OUT, refers to the time based images displayed and Magden’s focus on transparent and super imposed images to create a mesmerizing effect. The exhibition is a quasi-retrospective showcasing earlier work alongside more recent pieces. Fresh Pickins August 20 – 28, 2010 The First Year Graduate Show is held annually to commemorate the acceptance of the Student’s candidacy for Graduate work at the University of Tennessee, by which the public becomes acquainted with the newest of the Fine art Graduate students. Exhibiting students were: Alex McClurg, Natalie Harrison, Brandon Donahue, Gretchen Bundy, Alex Merchant, Greg Daiker, Kelly Porter, Alicia Faciane, Hannah Short, Jessica Anderson, Ashton Ludden, Clifton Riley, Shelly O’Barr, and Neil Ward. Happens Everyday September 3 – 25, 2010 Happens Everyday features a wall painting/installation by UT Professor David Wilson, who joined the faculty in 1985, and Chicago artist Pamela Fraser, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 1999. Everything Shines October 1 – 30, 2010 Everything Shines features recent paintings by UT Professor of painting Marcia Goldenstein, who joined the faculty in 1976, and New York artist Julia Jacquette, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 1995. Pictures Hold Us Captive November 5 – 24, 2010 Pictures Hold Us Captive features recent paintings by UT Professor of painting Jered Sprecher, who joined the faculty in 2006, and New York artist Carrie Moyer, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 2001. Walter Haskell Hinton: The Golden Age of Illustration December 3 – January 15, 2011 This collection of work includes original drawings, watercolors, and oil paintings representing an array of clients during his prolific career as an illustrator. Some of Mr. Hinton’s clients include, Outdoor Life Magazine, Sports Afield magazine, Mammoth Western Magazine, The John Deere and Company, Fairmont Railways, and Washington National Insurance Co. Upcoming Events HOURS W: 11am – 6pm TR:11am – 6pm F:11am – 6pm SAT: 10am – 3pm Please Note: The UT Downtown Gallery closes in observance of national holidays and between exhibitions. Subscribe to Our Newsletter UT Downtown Gallery College of Arts & Sciences Manager: Mike C. Berry 106 S. Gay Street Knoxville, TN 37902 Phone: 865-673-0802 TwitterFacebookInstagram The University of Tennessee The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 865-974-1000 Events A-Z Apply Privacy Map Directory Give to UT Accessibility The flagship campus of the University of Tennessee System and partner in the Tennessee Transfer Pathway.
0.999435	Beauford Delaney: Transcending Race + Time <p><strong> December 4, 2020 - January 30, 2021 </strong></p><p>Knoxville native Beauford Delaney persevered through poverty, racial discrimination, and mental illness to become an internationally recognized artist. As a teenager, his work caught the eye of Lloyd Branson and became his apprentice. The opportunity catapulted Delaney towards New York City during the Harlem Renaissance where he cultivated a circle of friends, including poet laureate Countee Cullen, artist Georgia O’Keeffe, and writer James Baldwin. In 1953, Delaney left New York for Paris, France, as Europe had begun attracting African-American artists and writers. His works began to shift from figurative compositions to abstract expressionists of color and light.</p></p><p>The exhibition featured 21 works, including 4 oil on canvas paintings, abstract watercolors, pastel portraits, and 3 self-portraits, that range across various stages of Delaney’s life. Exhibition highlights included a pastel portrait of Harriet Tubman and an oil portrait of Delaney’s longtime friend and frequent model, New York singer Dante Pavone.</p> Beauford and Joseph Delaney: Lives in Art <p><strong> February 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>In September and October of 1970, Joseph and Beauford Delaney were going to have a joint exhibition of their work at the McClung Gallery. Due to Beauford's poor health at the time, he was unable to send paintings from his studio in Paris. The exhibition ended up being a solo show of Joseph's work. 50 years later, the UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present their work together.</p> Salvador Dali's Divine Comedy <p><strong> March 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>In 1957, the Italian government commissioned Dali to create a complete set of illustrations for Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy to commemorate the 700th anniversary of the author’s birth. Dali began the arduous task of selecting imagery and creating a watercolor painting for each of the 100 cantos of the poem. Shortly after Dali started the project, the Italian government withdrew its commission. Italian citizens had been outraged that a Spanish artist had been selected for this undertaking, instead of inviting an Italian artist to honor one of Italy’s greatest authors. However, it was very fitting that one of the leading artists in the Surrealist movement would be chosen to interpret the bizarre punishments of Inferno and Purgatorio and the fantastical images of Paradiso that Dante created – drawing inspiration from classical and biblical imagery, as well as his own imagination.</p><p>The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present the complete collection of 100 prints. The prints are part of the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art + Architecture and was a gift by alumnus, Gary Johnson.</p> Community of Eight <p><strong> April 2 - 30 </strong></p></p><p>This exhibition recognizes the contributions of our full-time faculty at area community colleges - Roane State, Walters State, and Pellissippi State.</p></p><p>Exhibiting artists are: Jennifer Brickey, Caroline Covington, Amy Evans, Stacy Jacobs, Jeff Lockett, Herb Rieth, Jessie Van der Laan, and Bryan Wilkerson.</p> Walker Evans and James Agee <p><strong> June 4 - July 31, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>Walker Evans’ photographs made for James Agee’s classic work, <i>Let Us Now Praise Famous Men</i>, served as the culmination of Evans’ talents as well as the realistic portrayal of the conditions of the American tenant farmer during the 1930s. Walker Evans’ images revolutionized the standards of documentary photography.</p><p>This exhibition, an 80th anniversary commemoration of the publication of <i>Let Us Not Praise Famous Men</i> includes 50 framed photographs printed by the Library of Congress from Evans’ original negatives as well as archival material from the James Agee papers loaned by the Betsey B. Creekmore Special Collections at the University of Tennessee.</p> New In Town <p><strong> August 25 - 28, 2021 </strong></p></p><p>An exhibition of the MFA class of 2024.</p></p><p>Casey Wolhar – Time-Based Art</p><p>Haleigh Eicher – Ceramics</p><p>Abby Hedley – Sculpture</p><p>Griffin Allman – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Landin Eldridge – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Saloni Parekh – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Megan Wolfkill – Painting + Drawing</p><p>Gino Castellanos – Printmaking</p><p>Anthony Huang – Printmaking</p><p>Chloe Wack – Printmaking</p> Alabama Abstraction <p><strong> September 3 - 25, 2021 </strong></p></p><p><i>Alabama Abstraction</i> is a two-person exhibition featuring the paintings of William Dooley and Alex McClurg. Dooley is the director of the Moody Gallery at the University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa and McClurg, a graduate of UT's School of Art MFA program, is the preparator at the Birmingham Museum of Art.</p> Illumination: the Sculpture of James O. Clark <p><strong> October 1 - 30, 2021 </strong></p><p>James O. Clark is a New York-based sculptor who works with light and illumination.</p></p><p>“Light as a material has illuminated my creative search, I continue to be captivated by the mysterious dialogue between light and form. Light is ephemeral, as it dances and changes composing space, defines, reflects, refracts, bends, and teases the volume and mass of forms. Light has created a symbiotic relationship with me in my exploration capturing my childhood creative adventure and developing an exciting lifelong journey.”</p> Chromatic Rhythm: James Little <p><strong> November 5 - 27, 2021 </strong></p><p>Born in Memphis, Tennessee, JAMES LITTLE (b. 1952) received a BFA from the Memphis Academy of Art (1974) and then an MFA from Syracuse University (1976).</p></p><p>Since the 1970s, the work of James Little has been extensively exhibited in solo and group exhibitions throughout the United States and Europe. Among his awards and honors, Little has received the Joan Mitchell Foundation Award in Painting in 2009 and the Pollock-Krasner Award in 2000. In 2016, Little was commissioned by the Metropolitan Transit Authority to create public artwork for the Long Island Rail Road’s new Brooklyn-bound platform at Jamaica Station.</p> 2020 exhibitions 2020 Lens - David Wolff <p><strong>January 2 - 18, 2020</strong></p></p><p>Paintings by Knoxville artist and gallery owner David Wolff.</p> 2020 Artist in Residence Biennial <p><strong>January 9 - February 19, 2020</strong></p></p><p>Featuring the work of Dana Lok, Fox Hysen, Tracy Thomason, and Caitlin MacBride</p> The Society at Black Pond - three films by Jessica Sarah Rinland <p><i>The Society at Black Pond</i> explores the activity within a common land in the south of England. Previously occupied by the 17th century agrarian socialists The Diggers, the land is currently inhabited by a Natural History Society whose occupations include bat and moth trapping, mycology, tree measuring, and botanical walks.</p></p><p>The exhibition includes three film works that offer a social and natural history of this particular location while exploring more intimately human’s relationship with and within land and nature.</p> First the Wurst <p><strong> August 26 - August 29, 2020 </strong></p></p><p>An exhibition of first year MFA students</p><p>Exhibiting students are: Delany Bal, Zoe Brester-Pennings, Noah Lagle, Sean Heiser, Abigail Freed, Sarah Bernstein, Haley Takahashi, Emily Rice, Hanna Seggerman, and Danqi Cai.</p> Living Epistle - Steve A. Prince <p><strong> September 4 - 26, 2020 </strong></p></p><p><i>Living Epistle</i> is an exhibition of large scale prints and drawings by Steve A. Prince. Prince is an artist, educator and art evangelist. His mediums are printmaking, drawing and sculpture. Prince is a native of New Orleans and the Crescent City's rich tradition of art, music and religion pulsate through his work. He uses the language of the line in a rhythmic and powerful way. Prince's art is inherently narrative and metaphorically complex. He uses a rich, visual vocabulary of signs and symbols to tell stories that express his unique vision founded in hope, faith and creativity.</p><p>This exhibition is co-sponsored by the Beck Cultural Exchange Center and his campus visit is supported by the Office of the Vice Chancellor for Diversity and Engagement, the UTK Africana Studies Program, and the UT School of Art.</p> Through the Trees - an exhibition by Tom Riesing <p><strong>October 2 - 31, 2020</strong></p></p><p><i>Through the Trees</i>, presents my recent paintings and drawings produced since 2007. The images are thematic and site specific generated from extensive observations and time spent exploring East Tennessee, the Delaware Valley, the Oregon Coast, and Lower Silesia in Poland among others. I respond to the elegance of the trees, and to the light and space that exists between and beyond the persistent verticality of the trees. - Tom Riesing</p> SHINY - Drawings by David Wilson <p><strong> November 6 - 25, 2020 </strong></p></p><p><i>Shiny</i>, featured over 40 drawings of imitation silver leaf on translucent vellum. </p></p><p>David Wilson began his academic career at the UT School of Art in 1985. He uses non-traditional materials and approaches, including process and chance, in his large temporary artworks and drawings. The drawings in <i>Shiny</i> rely on reflected light to reveal the image.</p><p>“This exhibition is an opportunity to realize images that have been in my head for a long time and to do so using a process that makes them new.”</p> Beauford Delaney: Transcending Race + Time <p><strong> December 4, 2020 - January 30, 2021 </strong></p><p>Knoxville native Beauford Delaney persevered through poverty, racial discrimination, and mental illness to become an internationally recognized artist. As a teenager, his work caught the eye of Lloyd Branson and became his apprentice. The opportunity catapulted Delaney towards New York City during the Harlem Renaissance where he cultivated a circle of friends, including poet laureate Countee Cullen, artist Georgia O’Keeffe, and writer James Baldwin. In 1953, Delaney left New York for Paris, France, as Europe had begun attracting African-American artists and writers. His works began to shift from figurative compositions to abstract expressionists of color and light.</p></p><p>The exhibition featured 21 works, including 4 oil on canvas paintings, abstract watercolors, pastel portraits, and 3 self-portraits, that range across various stages of Delaney’s life. Exhibition highlights included a pastel portrait of Harriet Tubman and an oil portrait of Delaney’s longtime friend and frequent model, New York singer Dante Pavone.</p> In March 2020, the UT Downtown Gallery closed to the public due to COVID-19 Please click here to view our virtual ART SOURCE 2020 exhibition. 2019 exhibitions Chakaia Booker: Auspicious Behavior October 5 - 27, 2018Sculptor Chakaia Booker fuses ecological concerns with explorations of racial and economic difference, globalization, and gender by recycling discarded tires into complex assemblages.Booker began to integrate discarded construction materials into large, outdoor sculptures in the early 1990s. Tires resonate with her for their versatility and rich range of historical and cultural associations. Booker slices, twists, weaves, and rivets this medium into radically new forms and textures, which easily withstand outdoor environments. 2018 exhibitions 2018 Stage Left: Christina West <p><strong>January 24 - March 8, 2018</strong></p><p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In this immersive installation, Christina A. West integrates figurative sculptures into a space that is suggestive of a house, playfully alluding to the idea of the home as a stage set. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">“Stage left” is a term used in theatre to direct actors as they move around the stage. Though a term traditionally used to orient, it is used here as a foil to highlight the viewer’s disorientation within the fabricated space, while reinforcing theatrical associations with the installation. As people move through the gallery, spaces recede and reflect, sometimes offering a glimpse into another room, sometimes reflecting back the space one is in, and occasionally reflecting a reflection. Additionally, exposed studs on one side of each wall create a sense of front and back (or stage and backstage) that shifts throughout the gallery. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">Objects such as sheets, blinds, and picture frames conjure the context of the home, charging this “stage” with a sense of a private space. As viewers bend, squat, and peek around corners to view tableaus, their own reflections appear throughout the space highlighting their participation in the scenes. </span></p> 10,000 Shards of Bliss (the rhythm that forgets itself) <p><strong>March 16 - 31, 2018</strong></p><p>For his film installation at The University of Tennessee Knoxville’s Downtown Gallery, in conjunction with the 2018 Big Ears Festival, Los Angeles based collage film artist Lewis Klahr will present a looped, rotating selection of his films that explore the vicissitudes of time and memory. Lewis Klahr uses found images and sound to explore the intersection of memory and history. He is primarily known for his uniquely idiosyncratic films, which he began creating in 1977 and has screened extensively in the U.S., Europe and Asia. Lewis Klahr teaches in the Theater School of the California Institute of the Arts and is represented by The Anthony Reynolds Gallery, London.</p> On the Fringe of Conformity: Clarence Morgan <p><strong>April 5 - 28, 2018</strong></p><p>This exhibition of drawings and paintings explore linear patterns that operate in a pictorial space. Utilizing random shapes and biomorphic forms within an intricate network of drawing, collage elements, and subtle color, Morgan's work ranges from highly patterned organic painting compositions to meticulously articulated and somewhat minimal collage-drawings. A native of Philadelphia, PA, Clarence Morgan has been a professor in the Department of Art at the University of Minnesota since 1992.</p> ARTSOURCE 2018 <p><strong>May 4 - May 19, 2018</strong></p><p>Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, ARTSOURCE, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. </p> Celebrating the Life and Art of Kimberly D. Iles <p><strong>June 1 - July 14, 2018</strong></p><p>Kimberly D. Iles was known for her vivacity, generosity of spirit, and passion for the arts. She graduated with honors from the University of Tennessee in 1990, earning a Bachelor of Fine Arts degree. As a graphic designer, she poured her talent and energy into her work for clients ranging from Oak Ridge National Laboratories to the White House tech corps, and started her own very successful design firm, Ilesnet Design. She designed a web-based textbook – the first of its kind – for the Computational Science Education Project, a K-12 educational program to teach the principles of high-performance computing. She later transitioned into a full-time career in fine art, exhibiting her paintings and photographs in juried shows around the world.</p><p>Iles and her husband, Dr. James J. Hack, established the Kimberly D. Iles Art Scholarship Endowment in 2015. The endowment supports multiple scholarships awarded annually to undergraduate students in the School of Art. </p> Alumni in the Permanent Collection <p>August 3 - 25, 2018</p> The Dirty Dozen - First Year MFA Exhibition <p><strong>August 31 - September 1, 2018</strong></p><p><span class=" _2iem" role="heading" aria-level="4"><br />Exhibiting students are: </span></p><p><span class=" _2iem" role="heading" aria-level="4">Alissa Walls, Washington & Lee University <br />Quynh Nguyen Duc Diem, University of Architecture, Ho Chi Minh City <br />Erin Wohletz, University of Nevada-Reno <br />Mary Climes, Art Institute of Chicago <br />Gina Stucchio, University of South Florida <br />Kate Clark, University of Minnesota- Twin Cities <br />Conor G. McGrann, Syracuse University <br />Nyasha Madamombe, Chinhoyi University of Technology, Zimbabwe <br />Lauren Terry, VCU <br />Lilly Saywitz, Boston University <br />Kelsie Conley, VCU <br />Jake Miller, Western Illinois University</span></p> Ben Seamons <p><strong>September 7 - 29, 2018</strong></p><p>The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present an exhibition of work by Ben Seamons. Ben received his MFA in Painting from the University of Tennessee in 2012. He passed away in 2016, and this exhibition is in celebration of his life.</p> Chakaia Booker: Auspicious Behavior <p>October 5 - 27, 2018</strong></p><p>Sculptor Chakaia Booker fuses ecological concerns with explorations of racial and economic difference, globalization, and gender by recycling discarded tires into complex assemblages.</p><p>Booker began to integrate discarded construction materials into large, outdoor sculptures in the early 1990s. Tires resonate with her for their versatility and rich range of historical and cultural associations. Booker slices, twists, weaves, and rivets this medium into radically new forms and textures, which easily withstand outdoor environments.</p> Face To Face - Joseph Delaney <p><strong>November 2 - December 8, 2018</strong></p> 2017 exhibitions Morehshin Allahyari October 20 - November 22, 2017 Morehshin Allahyari is an artist, activist, educator, and occasional curator. She is the recipient of the leading global thinkers of 2016 award by Foreign Policy magazine. Morehshin was born and raised in Iran and moved to the United States in 2007. Her work deals with the political, social, and cultural contradictions we face every day. She thinks about technology as a philosophical toolset to reflect on objects and as a poetic means to document our personal and collective lives struggles in the 21st century. Morehshin is the co-author of The 3D Additivist Cookbook in collaboration with writer/artist Daniel Rourke– (published on December 2016 online in 3DPDF format and in print by the Institute of Networked Cultures). Her modeled, 3D-printed sculptural reconstructions of ancient artifacts destroyed by ISIS, titled Material Speculation: ISIS, have received widespread curatorial and press attention and have been exhibited worldwide. 2016 exhibitions You Call That Art!: an exhibition of editorial cartoons by Charlie Daniel December 4 - January 29, 2016 The exhibition featured a large selection of “Rosy’s Diner” cartoons as well as a variety of subjects and themes from the past two decades. Charlie Daniel came to Knoxville in 1958 as the editorial cartoonist for The Knoxville Journal. He moved to the Knoxville News Sentinel in January 1992 and has been the editorial cartoonist here ever since. 2011 - 2015 exhibitions 2011 Walter McConnell: Installation in Clay February 4 – 26, 2011 McConnell, who is well recognized for his large-scale, unfired ceramic sculptures will work with UT art students to construct this project. McConnell’s installations address the relationship between nature and culture – more specifically, the means through which contemporary culture constructs an understanding of nature. McConnell currently serves on the faculty at the New York State College of Ceramics, Alfred, NY. Seeing Things: Joel Carreiro March 4 – 26, 2011 Joel Carreiro’s work organizes and recomposes small squares of imagery borrowed from Renaissance paintings, European drawings and Medieval manuscripts and transforms them into large works on wood panels that create a new visual language entirely different from its original intent. Joel Carreiro is an artist based in New York City. Art of Poland April 1 – 30, 2011 The UT Downtown Gallery is especially pleased to present Art of Poland, the Collection of Ambassador & Mrs. Victor Ashe during the month of April and the Dogwood Arts Festival Celebration. This exhibition includes paintings, sculpture, folk art and glass works by some Poland’s leading artists working today such as Edvard Dwurnik, Stanislaw Borowski, Leszek Sokol and Michal Puszczynski among others. Victor Ashe, was mayor of Knoxville from 1987-2003 and served as the U.S. Ambassador to Poland from 2004 until 2009. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2011 May 6 – 27, 2011 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, the Knox County Art Educators Exhibition has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. The exhibition has greatly increased awareness of the importance of art education in Knox County. This is the Downtown Gallery’s third year to host this exhibition, which includes, paintings, drawings, sculpture, printmaking, photography and video. Richard LeFevre: The Civil War Series July 1 – August 13, 2011 Richard LeFevre taught graphic design and illustration courses at The University of Tennessee for 33 years and was the first graphic design faculty member hired by the School of Art. He continued his professional career while teaching at UT. One of his most enduring interests was the history of the Civil War. He served as President of the Knoxville Civil War Roundtable. Goes to Eleven: First Year MFA exhibition August 19 – 27, 2011 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to exhibit the work of our first year graduate students who are entering the UT School of Art Graduate program within their various disciplines. The exhibit showcases the outstanding talent and artistic visions of these new students, which includes painting, printmaking, graphic design and sculpture works. Exhibiting students were: Andrew Merriss, April Bachtel, Eric Cagley, Cierra Reppert, Daniel Ogletree, Hannah Skoonberg, Jennifer Scheuer, Jonathan Lisenby, Justin Clay, Tamra Hunt, and Victoria Buck. Scott Sherk: Mapping Sound September 2 – 30, 2011 Mapping Sound explores ideas about the representation of space through the use of sound. If sculpture is an exploration of space through form, in these works of sound sculpture, sound becomes the primary focus of the exploration of three-dimensional space. Scott Sherk is a sculptor who often works with sound. His work has been widely shown, including his Katonah Sound Project installation at the Katonah Museum of Art and several exhibitions at the Kim Foster Gallery in New York City. He has released several collections of field recorded and manipulated sounds. Click here to view installation images. Justin Randolph Thompson: The Pits October 7 – 28, 2011 The Pits is a multi-disciplinary installation and performance that investigates the political employment of sound, both in realm of propaganda and as protest, and the visual hierarchies of the architectural organization of theatre space. The orchestra is collaboration with students and faculty of the UT music department. Jazz musician, composer, and UT alum Jason Thompson will work with this group to create an 8-10 piece pit orchestra that will be conducted to perform a score that shifts from classical, triumphant marches, into the drum and flute sound of Black Power poets, through folk styles of spiritual praise, and finally into abrasive Hip Hop. Click here to view installation images. Unseen and other projects: Holly Zausner November 4 – 26, 2011 Holly Zausner’s work is about transformation through mediums both literal and metaphorical. For this body of work, she has transformed Unseen, a super 16 mm film made in 2007, which was shown at the Bode Museum, into a series of black, white, and colored collages. In the film “Unseen” the artist searches through key locations and museums in the city of Berlin attempting to find metaphorical space and literal rest for two rubber sculptures, one female and one male. As Zausner and her two rubbery protagonists move through the city, a non-linear narrative unfolds. They encounter sites central to the life of the city, like a bread factory and a newspaper plant, as well as historical sites, like a defunct amusement park in the former East. Zausner’s fascination with the imagery from the film compelled her to reexamine the content and the structure of the different scenes through collage. Using repetition and reconfiguration, the collages are a different way of exploring the act of filming, editing, and making the sound, which are all components that create the foundation and meaning of the collages. Click here to view installation images. Genus species: Ewing December 2, 2011 – January 15, 2012 Genus species: EWING focuses on selections from the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Each work of art is united by a common subject matter — the Kingdom Anamalia. This exhibition includes art in all media — video, sculpture, painting, printmaking, and photography. Genus species: EWING includes works by artists such as Pablo Picasso, Georges Braque, Andy Warhol, Sue Coe, Eleanor Dickinson, Walter Haskell Hinton, Salvador Dali, Mark Steinmetz, Harrison Cady, Bessie Harvey, and Ed Westcott. A number of the pieces are also by current and former University of Tennessee art professors: Clark Stewart, Paul Lee, Beauvais Lyons, Byron McKeeby, and Diane Fox. 2012 Redefining the Multiple: Thirteen Japanese Printmakers January 20 – February 25, 2012 This exhibition examines the state of contemporary printmaking in Japan, and challenges the traditional definitions of prints and printmaking. All of the participating artists received their formal training as printmakers and the production of multiples remains at the heart of their creative process. While utilizing tools and techniques of the printmaker, some of the artists now create work that has transitioned into forms that are associated with other media, such as sculpture, painting, and digital imaging. Of the selected participants, four make three-dimensional objects and installations, two paint with printmaking tools, three utilize digital photography and technology, while the others pursue traditional and recognizable printmaking techniques. Each artist exhibited three to five works, resulting in a diverse selection of objects and images from the hands of an equally diverse group of artists, including men and women of various ages from their mid-twenties to mid-sixties. The artists reside and work in different regions throughout Japan, and the visual content of their work ranges anywhere from formal abstraction, to iterations of traditional Japanese cultural images. Co-curated by Ewing Gallery Director Sam Yates and Hideki Kimura, Chair of Printmaking at Kyoto City University of Arts, Redefining the Multiple brings the best of contemporary Japanese printmaking to the United States. click here to view installation images. In Action: Mark Newport March 2 – 31, 2012 Artist Mark Newport creates hand-knit acrylic yarn recreations of hero costumes, prints of the artist in costume, and carved, costumed figure sculptures. The costumes are life size, wearable objects that hang limply on hangers. They challenge the standard muscular form of the hero and offer the space for someone to imagine himself or herself wearing the costume, therefore becoming the hero. Mark is an artist and educator living in Bloomfield Hills, Michigan. He is the Artist in Residence and Head of Fiber at the Cranbrook Academy of Art. He earned his BFA at the Kansas City Art Institute in 1986 and his MFA at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago in 1991. Newport’s work has been exhibited throughout the U.S., Canada, and Europe. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2012 March 2 – 31, 2012 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2012 April 2 – 14, 2012 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s feature exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3-D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists were selected by internationally recognized juror, Allen Peterson, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Click here to view installation images. MFA 2012: Vickie Phipps and Jon Purtill In partial fulfillment of their graduation requirements, students pursuing the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree are required to mount a solo exhibition of work, and to defend their work during an oral examination in front of a faculty committee. Due to the number of graduate students enrolled in the UT School of Art, these exhibitions generally take the form of small groups of students presenting concurrent solo exhibitions in the gallery space. Click here to view work by Jon Purtill On Location Part I: Five Tennessee Plein Air Painters June 1 – 30, 2012 Plein air painting has a rich international tradition, and our regional Tennessee artists are part of that continuum. Mike C. Berry, manager of the UT Downtown Gallery, and a plein air painter himself, curated this exhibition. We are grateful to the artists who have so generously allowed their work to be shared with the Knoxville Community. The five featured artists were: Anne Blair Brown, Franklin, TN; Roger Dale Brown, Nashville, TN; Lori Putnam, Franklin, TN; Brett Weaver, Chattanooga, TN; and Dawn Whitelaw, Franklin, TN. Click here to view installation images. On Location Part II: Land Portrait July 6 – 27, 2012 Land Portrait features works from members of the Culture Laboratory Collective based upon their relationship with a particular place, landform, landscape, topography, or state of current residence. These pieces, when combined, serve as comprehensive land portraits. Translations of localities can act as reflections of communities continually in flux. The visual statements produced for this exhibition may provide a more complete understanding of who (and where) we are. The value of place and landscape is immeasurable. Memories from places can become etched in our minds and contextualized over time. This exhibit offers a view into a collective memory and re-locates interpretations of place into a public, conversational setting. Curated by Brian R. Jobe Click here to view installation images. Figurative Works on Paper from the Ewing Gallery Permanent Collection August 3 – 18, 2012 This exhibition featured figurative works on paper, including watercolors, drawings, photography, and printmaking. Notable works include: portraits by Chuck Close and Alice Neel, prints by Francisco Goya, Leon Golub, Kathe Kollwitz, Keith Haring, Luis Jiminez, and William Hogarth, and photography by Helmut Newton and Walker Evans. Also in the exhibition were works from School of Art professors, students, and visiting artists, past and present. These artists are, Baldwin Lee, Don Kurka, Eleanor Dickinson, Mark Steinmetz, and Joseph Delaney. Click here to view installation images. Sweetbreads August 23 – September 1, 2012 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to exhibit the work of our first year graduate students who are entering the UT School of Art Graduate program within their various disciplines. The exhibit showcases the outstanding talent and artistic visions of these new students, which includes painting, printmaking, graphic design and sculpture works. The following artists exhibited work: James Boychuck-Hunter, David Harman, Raluca Iancu, Kevin Kao, Alexandra Kirtley, Kevin Varney, and Thomas Wharton Click here to view installation images. The Legacy of James Randolph Denton September 7 – 8, 2012 A native of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (USA), James Randolph Denton founded the Association for Creative Zoology in 1908 an effort to rebut the popularization of evolutionary theory in American public schools and universities. Working with the London publisher Everitt Ormsby Hokes, founder of Hokes Scholarly Lithography, Denton published two collections of color lithographs documenting the principle of animal hybridity, what he referred to as “zoomorphic juncture.” These were Rare Zoological Specimens and Ornithological Quadrupeds, both published in the 1920s, the second of which emulates the publications of the British naturalist John Gould. Arguing for Creation Science, Reverend Denton cited the unicorn and the dragon, each of which are mentioned in the King James Edition of the Bible, as examples of this phenomena. Denton argued that animal hybridity explained species diversity and disputed the principles of natural selection. Click here to view installation images. Pencil Pushed September 19 – October 28, 2012 In this exhibition, the word pencil functions simply as a metaphor or symbol for drawing and its activity. The artists selected are known for their drawing or drawing activity as their primary means of expression and have either pushed the material, process, or boundary of conventional drawing. Media included video, sculpture, animation, installation, and of course, works on paper. This exhibition is neither a survey nor the definitive grouping of mark-making artists. It is more a conversation about artists who have and continue to explore these regions in drawing. The diversity of the exhibition favored mid-career artists, but ranged from emerging to late. Featured artists in Pencil Pushed are: William Anastasi, William Pittman Andrews, Caroline Burton, Elisa D’Arrigo, Mary Reid Kelley, Sharon Louden, Jennifer Macdonald, Peter Mollenkof, Darcy Brennan Poor, Bill Richards, Beatrice Riese, Hilda Shen, Drew Shiflett, Stephen Talasnik, and Sam Vernon Click here to view installation images. Based on a True Story November 1 – November 21, 2012 Curated by New York artist Joel Carreiro, Based on a True Story features work by artists who use narrative in a variety of ways. This exhibition includes 2 and 3 dimensional works, as well as video projections. Matthew Garrison is based in Reading, PA; Yeon Jin Kim lives and works in New York, and Chris Miner is based in Memphis, TN. Click here to view installation images. Capstone 2012 November 27 – 30, 2012 The Capstone course is a requirement for all BFA Studio Art majors. Students take Capstone in the final semester of their BFA degree. During Capstone students engage in a self-initiated research project to demonstrate that a graduating senior has learned and can practice the skills and concepts of a chosen concentration (2D, 3D, 4D). The Capstone also demonstrates the student’s ability to intellectualize and articulate issues and ideas about contemporary art. Successful completion of the Capstone course is a requirement of graduation. The UT Downtown Gallery is excited to present the work of 5 graduating seniors in this year’s capstone exhibition. Exhibiting students are: Sarah Crumley, Kayla Courtoy, David Holland, Bill Warden, and Catherine Widner. Click here to view installation images. Revealed: Pat Badt and Paul Briggs December 7, 2012 – January 18, 2013 The UT Downtown Gallery is pleased to present Revealed, an exhibition of paintings by Pat Badt and ceramic sculptures by Paul Briggs. The paintings and sculptures share a similar modesty in size, creating an approachable and intimate relationship between object and viewer. The work is meditative in process. Lines and leaf-forms vary in length, color, orientation, and proximity to the next. It is repetitive, yet unique. Click here to view installation images. 2013 Northern Exposure January 23 – 25, 2013 In the summer of 2013, six students accompanied Ewing Gallery director, Sam Yates to New York, Philadelphia, Boston, New Haven, and Washington DC. They visited major art museums, had studio visits with artists, and learned about the contemporary art world. The work on display was inspired by their travels. The exhibiting students are, Alexandra Gellis, Eric Cagley, Brandon Donahue, Sarah Campbell, Jessica Beeler, and Kelly Householder. Click here to view installation images. Chad Curtis: Panorama of Desire February 1 – 23, 2013 Chad D. Curtis is an artist and technologist living and working in Philadelphia. Drawing inspiration from both digital technology and homebrew DIY makers, Curtis’s work examines the abstraction of materiality in the digital age and the effects of high technology on the relationship between human beings and the natural environment. Curtis has exhibited internationally, including more than fifty solo and group exhibitions in the past ten years. He holds an M.F.A. from Alfred University and is an Associate Professor at the Tyler School of Art, Temple University. Click here to view installation images. William Lamson: Fieldwork March 1 – 2, 2013 William Lamson is a Brooklyn-based artist who works in video, photography, performance, and sculpture. His work is in the collections of the Brooklyn Museum, the Dallas Museum of Art, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and a number of private collections. Since graduating from the Bard M.F.A. program in 2006, his work has been shown at the Indianapolis Museum of Art, the Brooklyn Museum, P.S.1 MOMA, and the Museum of Fine Arts in Santa Fe, among others. Lamson is currently working on two installations for Storm King Art Center in Mountainville, New York. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2013 March 25 – April 6, 2013 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s featured exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists were selected by nationally recognized juror, Durant Thompson, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Durant Thompson is an Associate Professor of sculpture in the Department of Art at the University of Mississippi. In 1997, Durant received a BFA in Sculpture from the University of Tennessee at Knoxville and in 2001 he earned an MFA in Sculpture from Louisiana State University. He has also worked at The Johnson Atelier School of Technical Sculpture in New Jersey and at the University of Southern Mississippi as a technician and instructor before accepting his current position. Click here to view installation images. MFA: Greg Daiker, Alex Merchant, Shelly O’Barr, and Neil Ward In partial fulfillment of their graduation requirements, students pursuing the Master of Fine Arts (MFA) degree are required to mount a solo exhibition of work, and to defend their work during an oral examination in front of a faculty committee. Due to the number of graduate students enrolled in the UT School of Art, these exhibitions generally take the form of small groups of students presenting concurrent solo exhibitions in the gallery space. Click here to view installation images for Daiker and Merchant. Click here to view installation images for O’Barr and Ward. ARTSOURCE 2013 May 3 – 18, 2013 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Knoxville Watercolor Society 50th Anniversary Exhibition June 7 – 29, 2013 The KWS celebrates its 50th anniversary with an exhibition of works by the current members as well as highlighting the founding members: Robert Birdwell, Ted Burnett, Richard Clarke, Kermit “Buck” Ewing, George Galloway, Martha Godwin, Arlene Goff, David Joyner, Josephine Mayo, Margaret Scanlan, Walter “Holly” Stevens, Carl Sublett, and Betsy Worden. Click here to view installation images. Print Resonance July 5 – 27, 2013 Fifty graduate students and faculty members at five universities: the University of Alberta, Canada; the University of Tennessee, Knoxville; the Royal Academy of Fine Arts, Antwerp, Belgium; Silpakorn University, Thailand and Musashino Art University, Tokyo, Japan created prints specifically for this project. The participating artists made their prints on the same size paper, allowing the viewer to focus on the image, rather than the scale of the work. The audience is encouraged to consider the artistic expression from each university and to find commonality across geographic and cultural borders, as the printmakers share ideas about their own interests, lives, and values. The works were created using various print techniques, which include inkjet, etching, drypoint, chine-colle, lithography, woodcut, intaglio and blind printing. This portfolio is a limited edition of 10 copies, two for each of the five universities, with the goal of further development of printmaking education around the globe. Click here to view installation images. 20 Years After August 2 – 24, 2013 This exhibition features the work of 14 MFA artists from the UTK School of Art Class of 1993. Artists will be displaying work that is current or important in their journey in fine arts over the last 20 years. The UT MFA program attracts students from different regions of the United States as exemplified in this exhibition, which include artists from Mississippi, Florida, Minnesota, New York, Michigan, Kentucky and Tennessee. Artists included in the exhibition: Scott Palmer — Ceramics, Annette Bongers – Ceramics, Melody Reeves — Printmaking, Rob Tarbell — Painting, Eric Fracassi — Sculpture, David Deitrick — Graphic Design, Eric Smith — Graphic Design, Joel House — Sculpture, Melanie McLaughlin — Graphic Design, Kris Rehring Jones — Graphic Design, Debi Henry Danielson — Painting, Brad Cantrell — Ceramics, Laurie Robichaux — Ceramics, Earl Watson — Graphic Design. Click here to view installation images. Echo of the Object September 6 – 26, 2013 Echo of the Object is an exhibition featuring work by Ball State faculty members: Hannah Barnes, Jennifer Halvorson, David Hannon, and Jacinda Russell. This exhibition brings together several series of works in drawing, painting, photography, and sculpture. Each body of work explores how objects of symbolic or personal significance play a role in the construction of memory, identity, and meaning. The metaphor of containment is a consistent theme in each artist’s work, both in the use of objects whose literal function is to contain (bags, jars, boxes), and also in the suggestion that seemingly insignificant objects have a certain capacity to become filled with meaning. Time, humor, absurdity, the domestic, and the everyday are additional themes this exhibition will seek to explore. Click here to view installation images. Ossuary: A project by Lorrie Beth Clarke October 4 – 26, 2013 Three hundred artists have contributed to Ossuary. Their work, in many media, includes single bones, clusters of bones, and art works inspired by, using, or playing with the idea of bones. These bones are political statements and personal elegies, memorials to individuals and statements about mortality. They represent connections to our ancestors and/or to our descendants. Some works are serious and some use bones in a completely playful manner. Ossuary was developed in response to the repositories of bones that have accrued in countries like Cambodia and Rwanda, but Ossuary is not a project about those traumas. Rather, Ossuary offers a poignant counter-image to mass violence. It is a project about the hope that art brings. Ossuary is a cumulative traveling project. It began in Madison, Wisconsin. Artists interested in contributing bones to future exhibitions should write to [email protected]. This relational project was initiated and developed by the artist Laurie Beth Clark. Clark, who is a Professor in the Art Department at the University of Wisconsin, has shown work in galleries, museums, theatres, and public spaces in North and South America, Europe, Asia and Africa. Click here to view installation images. AAA 75th Anniversary Print Portfolio November 1 – 16, 2013 This is the first digitally produced portfolio published by American Abstract Artists. All past portfolios—1937, 1987, 1997—were produced using various forms of lithography and means of transferring image to plate. Unlike traditional printmaking, the digital inkjet process does not involve a physical matrix from which ink is transferred to paper. This marks both a technical and a conceptual shift in printmaking. Our choice of the medium situates this portfolio squarely in the current century and is an indication of the group’s forward momentum. The artists were asked to provide a digital file meeting predetermined specifications, yet no restrictions were placed on how the file could be created. The digital process enabled a wide variety of approaches that include abstract and documentary photography, scanning of flat-work made expressly for the project, digital compositing and image manipulation, as well as the use of vector-based software and hand-coded algorithms. The results are as varied as the artists’ individual sensibilities. Click here to view installation images. AIR 30th Anniversary Exhibition December 6, 2013 – January 10, 2014 Begun after the retirement of painting professor Carl Sublett, the Artist-in-Residence Program enriches a student’s experience further by regularly bringing new artists from outside the university who are active in the contemporary gallery and museum arenas. Each semester an invited resident artist teaches both undergraduate and graduate level courses in the painting and drawing curriculum. The AIR program has been highly successful in making a direct connection to the marketplace of ideas that surrounds art centers such as New York City, Chicago, and LA. The artists we bring to campus represent a spectrum of current sensibilities in painting and drawing holding sway in the art world today. This exhibition features work from past participating artists from the Ewing Gallery permanent collection. Click here to view installation images. 2014 Death Rock City: Dannielle Tegeder January 24 – February 28, 2014 Featuring new and recent work, Death Rock City examines how New York artist Dannielle Tegeder challenges the two-dimensional boundaries of traditional painting through the integration of animation, sculpture into her work. Dannielle Tegeder earned her BFA from the State University of New York at Purchase and her MFA from the School of the Art Institute of Chicago. She has had solo gallery exhibitions in Paris, Berlin, New York, Los Angeles, Chicago, and Houston and participated in numerous group exhibitions at PS1/MoMA, The New Museum, The Brooklyn Museum, and the Museum of Contemporary Art, Chicago.Her work is in the collections of a number of museums including the Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Museum of Contemporary Art in Chicago, and the Weatherspoon Art Museum at the University of North Carolina at Greensboro. Click here to view installation images. New Topology: Paul Krainak March 7 – March 29, 2014 Topology employs elements of early modern logic and its attendant forms in art and technology. It considers aesthetic and industrial incentives originating in rural America and calls into question modernism’s strictly urban mythology. Grids, cruciforms, and wood grain details are embedded in extended patterns calling to mind Constructivist and Bauhaus Schools’ principals of industrial hybridity and utopianism. But the site of industry here is agriculture with distilled forms taken from domestic textile design, land management diagrams, and vernacular architecture. Paul Krainak is an artist, critic, and Chair of the Art Department at Bradley University. Click here to view installation images. NEXUS 2014 April 4 – 19, 2014 As one of the Dogwood Arts Festival’s featured exhibits, NEXUS, showcases national and international artists working in contemporary sculpture and 3D media. Indoor sculptures comprising all styles and genres from emerging and established artists will be selected by esteemed professor, Laticia Bajuyo, for exhibition at the University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery. Click here to view installation images. MFA Exhibition: Eric Cagley April 21-25, 2014 Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2014 May 2 – May 22, 2014 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Marion Greenwood in Tennessee June 6 – August 9, 2014 Marion Greenwood in Tennessee features her mural of the history of Tennessee music painted for the University Center at the University of Tennessee in 1954; “The Partnership of Man and Nature,” a WPA mural painted in 1940, graciously loaned by the Crossville, TN Post Office; preparatory sketches loaned by UT Special Collections; and lithographs from the permanent collection of the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Click here to view installation images. Ask Me, I can Help. August 22 – 23, 2014 An exhibition of the incoming class of 2017 MFA candidates. Twelve student artists feature their current work as they begin their graduate studies at the University of Tennessee, School of Art. Exhibiting students are: Corinna Ray, Anna Wehrwein, Jing Qin, Josh Shorey, Jessica Gatlin, Abigail Lucien, Elysia Mann, Adam Higgins, Meg Erlewine, Geoff Silvis, Chris Spurgin, and Bailey Davenport. Click here to view installation images. AIR of UT September 5 – 27, 2014 AIR of UT is an exhibition of the Limited Box Edition project, curated by artists Wade Guyton ’95, Josh Smith ’98, and Meredyth Sparks ’94. The Limited Box Edition project is part of a fundraising campaign to support the School of Art’s Artist-in-Residence in Painting and Drawing program. Now in its 32nd year, the Artist-in-Residence (AIR) program enriches a student’s experience by bringing a different artist to spend the semester teaching undergraduate and graduate students. The resident artists are selected because they have launched successful careers in the contemporary gallery and museum world nationally and internationally. They furnish students with significant role models and faculty with new professional connections beyond Knoxville. Each of the organizing alumni — Wade Guyton, Meredyth Sparks, and Josh Smith — benefited from this program, and have asked their former School of Art peers as well as past Artists in Residence to contribute images to the three curated portfolios making up the Limited Box Edition. AIR of UT and the Limited Box Edition is a celebration of the legacy and impact of the Artist in Residence program on the School of Art and its graduates. Click here to view installation images. DeWitt Godfrey: Drawings, Proposals, Plans, Models, Diagrams, Documents October 3 – 31, 2014 DeWitt Godfrey is a Professor of sculpture in the department of Art and Art History at Colgate. Godfrey completed his undergraduate work at Yale University, was a member of the inaugural group of CORE Fellows at the MFA Houston, and received his MFA from Edinburgh College of Art, Edinburgh, Scotland. He is the recipient of numerous grants and fellowships, including a National Endowment for the Arts Artist’s Fellowship, a New York Foundation for the Arts Artists Fellowship, a Japan Foundation Artist’s Fellowship, and a Louis Comfort Tiffany Foundation Artist Fellowship. His work is in the collections of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas and the Brooklyn Museum, Brooklyn, New York. His commissioned work includes “Concordia” for Lexarts, Lexington, KY; “Waverly Place” Cambridge Arts Council; “Greenwich South” a visioning exercise by the Downtown Alliance, New York, NY and installations at Frederik Meijer Garden and Sculpture Park, Grand Rapids, MI; The DeCordova Museum and Sculpture Park, Lincoln, MA; and the Kennedy Art Museum, Ohio University, Athens, OH. Click here to view installation images. Louis Chan: My Home November 7 – 26, 2014 My Home is an on-going project aimed to help define my identity as a Chinese American and attempt to preserve generations of memories and experiences of Chinese immigrants through photography. My Home serves as a contemporary marker for Chinese Americans to reflect on the hopes, dreams, and sacrifices made for them by older generations in order for their children to have a chance of a better life in America. Click here to view installation images. Of A Feather December 5, 2014 – January 15, 2015 Artists throughout history have found inspiration in the form of birds. Man imbued birds with mystical and religious meaning due to their fascinating ability to exist in two worlds – the earthly world, and the sky, or heavenly realm. Drawn primarily from the Ewing Gallery’s permanent collection, Of a Feather features works from historic and contemporary artists who represent birds in a diverse assortment of styles. While some artists approach the bird as studies of simplified form others utilize strategies of space and distance to take a more poetic or analytical look at the economic and social issues attached to birds. Works range from hyperrealism to whimsical to abstract. This exhibition incorporates a number of artists of artists from New York and Chicago including Keith Haring, Michael Kirk, Keith Long, Diane Churchill, and Laurie Hogin; regional artists, Howard Finster, Todd Johnson, Kelly Hider, Heather Middlebrooks, Gary Monroe, and Richard Jolley, as well as distinguished faculty from the University of Tennessee – Jered Sprecher, Diane Fox, Beauvais Lyons, Marcia Goldenstein, Don Kurka, Bill Kennedy, Clark Stewart and Byron McKeeby. The artworks on display consider themes of scientific inquiry, symbolism, environmental consciousness, and the rituals of birding, among others. The exhibition is in tribute to the late artist Ellen Lanyon who often used images of birds in her art. Click here to view installation images. 2015 Paul Sacaridiz: Configurations January 23 – February 28, 2015 The work in this exhibition explores the non-objective and propositional quality that sculpture can have, and the ways in which we can understand something devoid of specificity and illustration. Presented on custom-built risers and linear structures, individual components are often physically or conceptually networked together with arrangements of objects ranging from the random and chaotic to the precise and articulate. Through careful positioning and intentional framing the works are suggestive of abstracted models and diagrammatic systems that allude to a sculptural logic that is both pragmatic and allusive at the same time. Click here to view installation images. Time and Again: Ruth Weisberg March 6 – 27, 2015 Ruth Weisberg has been an important influence on printmaking both as an artist and educator. Her creative activity and scholarship encompasses not only studio production in printmaking, painting, and drawing, but central and influential articles, essays and book chapters that have played a vital role in advancing print theory. Her 1986 essay “Syntax of the Print” published in the Tamarind Papers is frequently assigned to students in printmaking programs and remains relevant almost 30 years after it was first published. As one of her nominators, Mark Pascale, Associate Curator of Printmaking at the Art Institute of Chicago, praised not only her work as a printmaker and draftsman, he also emphasized her writings as an important contribution to the field of printmaking. Ruth Weisberg is 2015 recipient of the SGC International Printmaker Emeritus Award. Click here to view installation images. ARTSOURCE 2015 April 3 – 17, 2015 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity and critical skills in their students. For more than a decade, Art Source, the exhibition dedicated solely to Knox County art educators, has given these same teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Click here to view installation images. Strangers and Stand-Ins: Sunita Prasad April 22-25, 2015 The three works on display express my desire to distill and undermine normative expectations about which behaviors and expressions are appropriate for whom. A choreographic example can be found in Presumptuous?, an ongoing video series shot in cities around the world which disrupts the codes of urban co-existence by inserting hyper-intimate and often queer interactions into public space. Click here to view installation images. The Civil War Series: Richard J. Lefevre May 1 – June 27, 2015 Richard J. LeFevre’s Civil War Series presents the history of United States Civil War (1861 – 1865) through works on paper that depict 32 of the war’s most significant battles. By combining his love of history and his skill as an illustrator, LeFevre used inventive mixed-media techniques to create these powerful images inspired by his personal investigation into that terrible and definitive era. Click here to view installation images. Land Report July 3 – 31, 2015 Jason S. Brown, Brian R. Jobe, David L. Jones, Patrick Kikut, and Shelby Shadwell The Land Report Collective deals with landscape in fundamental ways and as a foundational reference point. Brown considers the politics of mountaintop removal in his construction of objects and installations while also creating playful formal assemblages. Jobe crafts meeting places for public interaction through the delineation of pathways and works with brick and wood. Jones responds to desert environments with experimental interactions, model scale sculpture, and large scale outdoor works. Kikut incorporates a lifelong interest in the horizon line in a series of paintings with flat Midwestern landscapes as his muse. Shadwell views the landscape from a non-traditional lens, responding to ephemeral images from highway road cameras, monumental mining operations and the optical nature of the salt flats through drawing, sculpture and video installation. Click here for installation images. Life in Light: An Exhibition of Poems in Paintings August 7 – 15, 2015 Life in Light is an exhibition of paintings inspired by the poetry of local doctor, Humayun Kabir. Dr. Kabir’s poetry has been transformed into image by Bangladeshi artist, Mostafiz Karigar. Click here for installation images. Non-Exempt: A Staff Exhibition September 4 – 26, 2015 Our hardworking staff members step out from behind the scenes and exhibit what they work on when they’re not at work. Media and subject matter were not stipulated at the outset of this exhibition. The pieces on display, therefore, represent an honest ‘work sample’ from a talented segment of the UT community in the School of Art and College of Architecture and Design whose artistic skills might otherwise remain unrecognized outside of their duties as staff members. Devin Balara – Metal Shop Tech, Sculpture/Installation; Mike C. Berry – UT Downtown Gallery Manager, Painting; Eric Cagley – Ewing Gallery Staff, Painting; Debbie Cooper – School of Art Staff, Quilting; Heather Eades– Media Pool, Painting; Jeremy Hammond– Wood Shop Manager, Sculpture; Tally Locke – Fab Lab Manager, Sculpture; Sarah McFalls – Ewing Gallery Staff, Multi-media installation; Hannah Shimabukuro –Printmaking Tech, Installation/photography; Jason Tyler -School of Art Media Tech, Photography Click here for installation images. Lorrie Fredette: between locations October 2 – 31, 2015 Lorrie Fredette creates site-specific investigations that examine beauty, harmony, and comfort to comprehend the incomprehensible aspects of infection, pandemic and the plague. Her pieces have been exhibited nationally and internationally including solo and group exhibitions in the US and Europe. Exhibition venues include Cynthia –Reeves Project (Brattleboro, VT), Art Southampton (Southampton, NY), Seton Hall University (South Orange, NJ), Bank of America Headquarters (Charlotte, NC) Mass MoCA (North Adams, MA), Cape Cod Museum of Art (Dennis, MA) and Jyvaskyla Art Museum (Jyvaskyla, Finland) Fredette holds a BFA in sculpture from the Herron School of Art / Indiana University. Cynthia-Reeves in New York represents her work. Click here for installation images. John Messinger November 6 – 28, 2015 John Messinger combines elements of photography and tapestry to create large-scale, 3-dimensional mixed media artworks. His body of work consists of thousands of individual 3.25 x 4.25 inch instant photographs assembled together to create photographic tapestries that examine the proliferation and ubiquity of the photograph in the digital age. Inspired by the notions of singularity and time, Messinger combines hundreds of varying images and transforms them into a single experience. His work fuses indexical and abstract imagery to question the notion of photography, photographer, and subject. Click here for installation images. You Call That Art!: an exhibition of editorial cartoons by Charlie Daniel December 4 – January 29, 2016 The exhibition featured a large selection of “Rosy’s Diner” cartoons as well as a variety of subjects and themes from the past two decades. Charlie Daniel came to Knoxville in 1958 as the editorial cartoonist for The Knoxville Journal. He moved to the Knoxville News Sentinel in January 1992 and has been the editorial cartoonist here ever since. Click here for installation images. 2004-2010 exhibitions 2004 Life in the City: The Art of Joseph Delaney September 11 – October 30, 2004 Like Lloyd Branson, Catherine Wiley, and his brother Beauford Delaney, Joseph Delaney was a Knoxville-born artist who gained international recognition. Inaugurating The University of Tennessee’s Downtown Gallery, Life in the City: The Art of Joseph Delaney highlights some 60 works that demonstrate Joseph’s interest in urban life – parades, public parks, architecture and street scenes. The George & Helen Spelvin Folk Art Collection November 6 – December 19, 2004 Created by Beauvais Lyons, Professor of Art and Director of the Hokes Archives at The University of Tennessee, The George and Helen Spelvin Folk Art Collection presents fictitious contemporary folk art. As the “exhibition curator,” Lyons created all the artworks and designed biographical text panels with photographic portraits of each of the 11 imaginary artists. Included are enamel painted records by Lucas Farley, Arthur Middleton’s portrait paintings of American presidents, velvet paintings of brides by Charlotte Black, Max Pritchard’s hand-painted religious tracts on cereal boxes, Rufus Martinez’s ceramic face jugs, and Lester Coleman Dowdy’s “limberjack” puppets. This irrelevant exhibition emulates folk art, and at the same time, it ironically imitates museum conventions. 2005 Gregg Schlanger: Holston River Diaries January 12 – March 8, 2005 Created by Gregg Schlanger, Holston River Diaries is a two-part exhibition that links the communities of Emory, VA and Knoxville, TN – the first being near the headwaters of the Holston River and later being nears its confluence with the French Broad River, thus forming the Tennessee River. The exhibition’s second part continued at Emory & Henry College’s 1912 Gallery. Let Us Now Praise Famous Men: Walker Evans’ Photographs March 11 – April 17, 2005 Walker Evans’ photographs made for James Agee’s classic work Let Us Now Praise Famous Men served as the culmination of Evans’ talents as well as the realistic portrayal of the conditions of the American tenant farmer during the 1930s Depression. Walker Evans’ images revolutionized the standards of documentary photography. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Jennifer Leach, Printmaking April 20 – Apr 27, 2005 Graphic Design Senior Show April 30 – May 6, 2005 Senior Graphic Design Students display their design work and attend the opening to meet and greet potential clients and employers Through the Lens of Ed Westcott: A Photographic History of World War II’s Secret City June 16 – September 3, 2005 In 1942, the Army Corps of Engineers relocated James Edward Westcott to Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and assigned him the task of official photographer for the Manhattan Project – a massive wartime effort to produce the first atomic bomb. As secrecy of the project was paramount, the “atomic” city was fenced, and communication with the outside world was limited. What is more, no cameras were allowed inside the fenced boundaries. Thus, Westcott became not only the official photographer for the Manhattan Project, but he also became the sole photographer of the social and recreational events of Oak Ridge. It is only through Westcott’s photographs that the visual history of Oak Ridge can be appreciated. Enduring: The Social Conscience of Eleanor Dickinson September 10 – November 5, 2005 Eleanor Dickinson, a native of Knoxville, TN, received her Bachelor of Fine Arts from the University of Tennessee in 1952, becoming one of the department’s first graduates. One year later, she moved to California and began redefining her process of creating traditional figure drawings via strong emotions. Since then, Dickinson has maintained a life-long commitment to the human form and has responded to intense moments of human existence, ranging from the experiences of Pentecostal Southerners, to the ecstasies of lovers, to the trials of the homeless, to the sufferings of AIDS victims. Alternative Typestyles: An Homage to Vernacular Letterforms Nov 12 – Dec 20, 2005 Alternative Typestyles features original art by exhibition creator Matt Tullis, including hand-drawn typefaces, unique collected fonts, and wall-mounted sculptures based on the assemblage of typographic artifacts. Individual photographic prints of vintage letterforms and signs are also featured. 2006 Mysterious Pleasures: The Art of F. Clark Stewart January 7 – February 25, 2006 Over the past 40 years, educator F. Clark Stewart has impacted the lives and maturation of countless aspiring young artists at the University of Tennessee. Many former students directly credit him for their own success as professional artists and teachers. His contributions as both a dedicated teacher and a cognizant, active member of the university community are immeasurable. The goal of Mysterious Pleasures: The Art of F. Clark Stewart is, however, to celebrate the achievements and work of the artist. The works on exhibition, as with his tenure at the university, span 40 years. Clark never strays far from his primary subject – the human figure- or his primary interest – the human narrative. Art movements, like fashion, have developed and faded with time, but Clark has remained steadfast in his commitment to figurative art and its ability to create mystery and a range of emotional responses. Unfiltered: AIGA 50 Books/50 Covers March 3 – April 1, 2006 Since 1924, The American Institute of Graphic Arts (AIGA) has mounted an annual exhibition that recognizes excellence in book design and production. Books are entered in categories such as trade, reference, juvenile, university and museum publications, and also limited edition and special-format books. The exhibition includes books and book covers designed in 2004. Esteemed jurors selected winners from more than 920 entries. Jurors included; Andrew Blauvelt, Walker Art Center, Minneapolis, John Fulbrook III, Simon & Schuster, New York, Sara Gillingham, Chronicle Books, San Francisco, Julia Hasting, Phaidon, New York and Cheryl Towler Weese (chair) Studio Blue, Chicago. MFA Thesis Exhibition: “Valuistics: The Making of” by James Greene April 7 – April 14, 2006 The print Installation is both a display of James Greene’s valuistics as well as a printed history of the word itself. With ”the Making Of,” Greene – a former grocery store clerk and retail employee – reveals his own consumer politics (contradictions and all) by symbolizing and accounting for each of his consumer decisions. The installation is a scale re-creation of Greene’s home, family, and friends printed on pink insulation board and installed in the Downtown Gallery. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Ryan O’Mara April 19 – 26, 2006 The work consists of large abstract ink drawings and paintings some measuring more than 20 feet long. “Abstraction has the ability to exist in a realm of non-logic, idealism and an absence of a system. In my work I change this theoretical space into a physical image, thereby defining the gray”, says O’Mara. AGIA Poster Design Show Apr 28 – May 10, 2006 Three Design Students from the University of Tennessee were included in the American Institute of Graphic Arts National Poster Competition. 30 posters were exhibited from national and international designers. Portrait of Self May 13 – June 3, 2006 Portrait of Self is a community arts project of the Knox County after-school program Shade of Development led by artist and educator Diane Hovis. Created by African American children and adults, the drawings, prints, and photographs on view explore each individual’s sense of self. These visual works are interpretations of written responses to questions posed by Hovis and recorded in journals kept by each participant. Thresholds: Expressions of Art & Spiritual Life June 23 – Aug 4, 2006 New York critic Eleanor Heartney has curated an exhibition that showcases the diversity of both art media and religious beliefs in the work of over fifty artists from five southern states, including Tennessee. This is a joint exhibition, on view simultaneously in both the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture and the UT Downtown Gallery. Drawings from the Central Academy of Fine Art, Beijing, China August 25 – October 11, 2006 30 figure drawings from students at the Central Academy of Fine Art in Beijing, China. Organized and curated by University of Tennessee School of Art Professor, Tom Reising. The Color of Diaspora: Afro-Ecuadorian Images October 20 – November 24, 2006 40 black and white photographs of the Afro-Ecuadorian culture. Organized by University of Tennessee History Professor William Dewey. Polska Fraba/Polish Iink: Contemporary Printmaking on Poland December 1 – December 22, 2006 Polska Fraba/Polish Iink: Contemporary Printmaking on Poland An exhibition organized and curated by Beauvais Lyons, which includes 30 prints by Contemporary Artist from Poland working in Printmaking. 2007 Reverberating Echoes: The Art of Indian Artist M.R. Renjan January 5 – February 24, 2007 Black and white ink paintings by Indian Artist M.R. Renjan. Organized and curated by University of Tennessee graduate student, Shaurya Kumar. Shelter: A Mixed Media Installation Mar 2 – 31, 2007 An exhibition organized through the Samek Art Gallery at Bucknell University in Lewisburg, PA by sculpture professor Tulu Bayer and paining professor Xiaoze Xie. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Lin Lee April 2 – 9, 2007 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Tea Kim Kasor April 10 – 17, 2007 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Shaurya Kumar April 18- 23, 2007 Human Rights Portfolio from South Africa May 4 – June 8, 2007 Hunt Clark & Deborah McClary June 15 – August 3, 2007 Recent collaborative work by Tennessean sculptors, graduates of the UT School of Art. The mixed media piece consists of multiple video projections on Plexiglas suspended from the ceiling, and a white ceramic life-sized sculpture of a calf being roped around its neck. Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition August 10 – September 7, 2007 This International Traveling exhibition of small sculptures from around the world show how artists have handled the challenges of space and scale dictated by sixe of a shoebox. An invitation only exhibition, this exhibit has attracted a large number of well – known artists from Hawaii, the U.S. mainland, Argentina, Cuba, Australia, Korea, Japan, Chia, Thailand, France, Germany, Switzerland, Sweden, Canada, and Mexico. AIGA 365 September 14 – Oct 5, 2007 The 2006 juried selection of the best communications design produced in 2005. 365 is widely recognized as the most discerning statement on design excellence today, extending a legacy that began 90 years ago. By means of competitions, AIGA creates a chronicle of outstanding design solutions, each demonstrating the process of designing, the role of the designer and the value of design. Jean Hess & Jeffrey Morton: Reverie October 12 – November 7, 2007 This two-person exhibition consists of recent works by Knoxville-based painter Jean Hess and Chattanooga-based painter Jeffery Morton. Hess’ work addresses dream, recollection, nostalgia, and memory with an emphasis on obscure imagery, dissolving texts, and marks and natural forms suffused with light. Jeffery Morton explores images of wind, electricity, twilight, humidity, photosynthesis, and pollen juxtaposed against creatures in flight. Lineages November 16 – December 20, 2007 This exhibition of ceramics explores the pathway and influences of the academic ceramicist. UT professors of ceramics, their spouses, and their mentors will all have work on display. Artists included are; University of Tennessee School of Art professors Sally Brogden and Frank Martin, their spouses Todd Johnson and Polly Martin, and mentors John and Susanne Stephenson, and Ken Ferguson. 2008 Crave January 4 – February 1, 2008 An exhibition initiated by former UT School of Art Artist in Residence, Pinkney Herbert, and organized by Memphis Arts Organization Delta Axis. InCrave these six artists use paint and photographs to explore craving, yearning, longing for, or hankering after. Their diverse work is unified by an attachment to charged images and obsessive processes that speak to this underlying appetite or “craving.” Artist included in the exhibition are, Joel Carreiro, Betsy Chaffin, Amanda Sparks, Thomas Weaver, and Brian Wood. Corapeake February 15 – March 29, 2008 This exhibition showcases an award-winning documentary, by Kendall Messick, about the town of Corapeake in North Carolina. The exhibit uses oral narratives, black and white photography, and artifacts to describe and commemorate the lives led by now-elderly African-American inhabitants of this small, rural town. This film has been shown at the Smithsonian Museum of American History, Wake Forest University, UVA, and many other reputable venues. MFA Thesis Exhibitions: Crystal Wagner and Katherine Nanfro April 4 – 19, 2008 Graphic Design Senior Show April 24 – 26, 2008 Air Box May 2 – 28, 2008 An exhibition by Korean artist Dong-Yong Lee, 2007-08 UT Artist in Residence Carl Sublett: Image Tracks June 2 – 29, 2008 A retrospective view of Carl Sublett’s art by his son, Eric Objectionable Action July 3 – 19, 2008 Objectionable Action represents an art exchange with participants from around the country. Oorganized by two University of Tennessee alumni, Lee Marchalonis and Jessica Meyer, Objectionable Action features other University of Tennessee graduates now residing throughout the United States. The Beauty of Holiness: The Art of Arnold Schwarzbart July 25 – August 16, 2008 Schwarzbart is a Judaic artist who lives in Knoxville. He has worked for over eighteen years designing and producing ceremonial objects as well as donor recognition walls and decorative wall pieces for Jewish organizations throughout the United States. My Home Town: Images of New York City by Baldwin Lee August 22 – September 20, 2008 Photographic images documenting New York City both pre and post 9/11 by New York native, and UT School of Art professor of photography, Baldwin Lee. Lee is the recipient of three Guggenheim and NEA grants. This exhibition was curated by the artist and UT Downtown Gallery director, Sam Yates. Global Mapping September 26 – October 18, 2008 Andrea Loefke, a Brooklyn, New York and Leipzig, Germany-based artist creates hierarchies in which events and narratives compete and communicate. The groupings of objects and their placement within a particular space become a journey of discovery. Future States: Atlas Recent works by Pennsylvania mixed-media artist Dan Mills. This group of drawings addresses issues of American imperialism and globalization. This exhibition was curated by the artist and UT Downtown Gallery director, Sam Yates. Compassionate Voices: Issues of Animal Rights October 24 – November 15, 2008 Compassionate Voices: The Art of Sue Coe, Maia Dery, Diane Fox, and Jack Ketner These artists address issues of animal treatment and exploitation. Lyrical Tableaux by Conley Harris Nov 21 – Dec 20, 2008 Inspired by his many trips to India, Boston-based painter Conley Harris pays tribute to the history of Indian paintings while using it to explore questions of composition, figure/ground relationship, and other painterly issues. 2009 American Institute of Graphic Arts January 2 – 31, 2009 AIGA, the professional association for design, creates an authoritative chronicle of outstanding design solutions, each demonstrating the process of designing and the value of design. AIGA’s suite of competitions is widely recognized as the most discerning statement on design excellence today. Alicia Henry: The Walk Damond Howard: Still America’s Greatest Problem February 6 – 28, 2009 African American artists Alicia Henry, Nashville, TN, and Damon Howard, Orangeburg, SC, examine issues of identity, heritage and gender in American society. Henry, who holds an MFA from Yale University, and Howard, who holds an MFA from the University of Florida, have been nationally recognized for their poignant art. Beyond Surface: Paintings by Tom Riesing and Allen Cox March 6 – 21, 2009 Although one an abstractionist and one a realist, Knoxville painters Allen Cox and Tom Riesing focus on the “surface” in this exhibit. This exhibition was curated by Sam Yates and the artists. University of Cincinnati / University of Tennessee Art Exchange March 25 – April 4, 2009 This exhibition will feature new work by graduate students representing all disciplines—2-D, 3-D, and media. The exhibition will be on view concurrently at The University of Tennessee 1010 Gallery. MFA Thesis Exhibition: Jessie Van der Laan April 7-12, 2009 MFA Thesis Exhibition: Hilary Williams April 17 – 24, 2009 Art Source 2009 May 1-31, 2009 Every day, Knox County art teachers devote their time and energy to cultivating creativity in their students. The Knox County Art Educators’ Exhibition gives these teachers an opportunity to nourish and showcase their own artistic talents. Japan International Artists Society Exhibition June 5- July 2, 2009 324 works of art by 305 Society members who create in various media ranging from traditional Japanese calligraphy and ceramics to contemporary landscapes and abstraction is on exhibit here and in the Ewing Gallery of Art and Architecture. Face It: Contemporary Portraiture July 15 – August 8, 2009 A national juried competition open to artists from all media and backgrounds. Dr. Carl Gombert, Associate Professor of Art at Maryville College, was the juror for the exhibition. Michael Aurbach: The Administrator August 14 – September 12, 2009 This exhibition featured the work of noted sculptor Michael Aurbach who serves on the faculty at Vanderbilt University. Curated by Sam Yates. Beyond Surface: Contemporary Ceramics Artists September 18 – October 17, 2009 This exhibition featured the art of eight east coast ceramicists. The works on view represent the variety of techniques and concepts found in the ceramics field today. Contemporary Taiwanese Artist HoJang Liu Oct 23 – Nov 28, 2009 This exhibition featured the photographic work of HoJang Liu, a Taiwanese artist who lives in Taipei. Intimate Source: The Artist’s Sketchbook Dec 4, 2009 – January 2, 2010 Much of the development for an artwork happens well before the brush meets canvas, the hand meets clay, or the finger meets camera shutter. These preliminary inspirations and concepts go mostly unnoticed and unappreciated. This exhibit brings to light the methods artists employ to inform themselves of the possibilities for their as yet unrealized works. Curated by former Ewing Gallery staff member Timothy Massey, Director of the Tower Fine Arts Gallery at SUNY Brockport. 2010 The 10th International Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition January 15 – February 20, 2010 The 10th International Shoebox Sculpture Exhibition continues a tradition begun by the University of Hawai‘i Department of Art. By invitation only, this exhibition is comprised of 81 sculptures by artists from 14 countries and includes “Meta Physical #4” by Knoxville artist Richard Jolley. The small format of the works in the exhibition, with the subsequent ease and economy of handling, provides exposure to a broad spectrum of contemporary sculpture. These triennial exhibitions were initiated as an attempt to incorporate a variety of multicultural traditions and a range of sculptural ideas, styles, and materials. Deliquesence and Other Transformations: The Photography of Robert Creamer March 5 – 27, 2010 In his recent series of photographic studies of botanical subjects, Maryland artist Robert Creamer blends his interests in technology and the aging process. These photographic images, captured using a digital flatbed scanner, began as an investigation into the revelatory power of technology. Although the scanner is a tool that enhances Creamer’s ability to observe, it is not the apparatus, per se, that interests him most. Moreover, these images are about time, transformation, and transitions. Dali Illustrates Dante’s Divine Comedy June 4 – July 9, 2010 The exhibition represents Dali’s visual interpretation of Dante’s literary masterpiece The Divine Comedy, chronicling Dante Alighieri’s symbolic journey through Hell, Purgatory, and Heaven. Salvador Dalí was one of the most well known of the surrealist artists who concentrated on depicting the unconscious and subconscious mind. Dalí labored for nine years to produce a series of 100 watercolors as illustrations to Dante’s classic epic, with each print depicting a verse from the poem. His paintings were reproduced by Jean Estrade of Les Heured Claires and released as a limited edition print suite in honor of the 700th anniversary of Dante Alighieri’s birth in 1265. This collection of work was generously donated to the University of Tennessee’s Ewing Gallery by UT alumnus and businessman Gary Johnson. Through A Transparent Lens Inside Out July 16 – August 14, 2010 Through A Transparent Lens Inside Out, is a unique installation of video, films, and multi-image performance works by Norman Magden, School of Art Professor of 4D Arts.The exhibition’s title, THROUGH A TRANSPARENT LENS INSIDE OUT, refers to the time based images displayed and Magden’s focus on transparent and super imposed images to create a mesmerizing effect. The exhibition is a quasi-retrospective showcasing earlier work alongside more recent pieces. Fresh Pickins August 20 – 28, 2010 The First Year Graduate Show is held annually to commemorate the acceptance of the Student’s candidacy for Graduate work at the University of Tennessee, by which the public becomes acquainted with the newest of the Fine art Graduate students. Exhibiting students were: Alex McClurg, Natalie Harrison, Brandon Donahue, Gretchen Bundy, Alex Merchant, Greg Daiker, Kelly Porter, Alicia Faciane, Hannah Short, Jessica Anderson, Ashton Ludden, Clifton Riley, Shelly O’Barr, and Neil Ward. Happens Everyday September 3 – 25, 2010 Happens Everyday features a wall painting/installation by UT Professor David Wilson, who joined the faculty in 1985, and Chicago artist Pamela Fraser, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 1999. Everything Shines October 1 – 30, 2010 Everything Shines features recent paintings by UT Professor of painting Marcia Goldenstein, who joined the faculty in 1976, and New York artist Julia Jacquette, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 1995. Pictures Hold Us Captive November 5 – 24, 2010 Pictures Hold Us Captive features recent paintings by UT Professor of painting Jered Sprecher, who joined the faculty in 2006, and New York artist Carrie Moyer, who taught at UT during the fall semester, 2001. Walter Haskell Hinton: The Golden Age of Illustration December 3 – January 15, 2011 This collection of work includes original drawings, watercolors, and oil paintings representing an array of clients during his prolific career as an illustrator. Some of Mr. Hinton’s clients include, Outdoor Life Magazine, Sports Afield magazine, Mammoth Western Magazine, The John Deere and Company, Fairmont Railways, and Washington National Insurance Co. Upcoming Events HOURS W: 11am – 6pm TR:11am – 6pm F:11am – 6pm SAT: 10am – 3pm Please Note: The UT Downtown Gallery closes in observance of national holidays and between exhibitions. Subscribe to Our Newsletter UT Downtown Gallery College of Arts & Sciences Manager: Mike C. Berry 106 S. Gay Street Knoxville, TN 37902 Phone: 865-673-0802 TwitterFacebookInstagram The University of Tennessee The University of Tennessee, Knoxville Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 865-974-1000 Events A-Z Apply Privacy Map Directory Give to UT Accessibility The flagship campus of the University of Tennessee System and partner in the Tennessee Transfer Pathway.
0.998737	Should doctors and patients talk to one another about medical matters over the phone? Is the telephone perhaps only a substitute of surgery time used to save time and to avoid direct contact? The answer is as follows: telephone conversations with patients can certainly be a useful form of medical discussion when they are employed to supplement, round off or to maintain necessary contact, and are limited in content. The advantages of telephone discussion are obvious. It can save an enormous amount of time for both the doctor and the patient. There is no reason why an old handicapped person should have to travel on public transport and spend 2 hours coming to the practice to be informed of results of investigations which could have been given to him over the phone in 3 minutes. Patients can also be informed as soon as the results are available. This is particularly true where favorable results from investigations (such as histological findings) can remove much anxiety from the patient. The telephone allows the otherwise very trying waiting period to be reduced considerably. Even informing the patient of the result of an investigation which is interesting for the patient but not of tremendous significance, can be used to consolidate the relationship between the doctor and the patient. A doctor who tells a patient that he will be informed of the results as soon as they come back, clearly demonstrates a personal interest in the patient and takes away the feeling that he is one of many in the waiting room. One gynecologist made it his habit to phone the results of histological and cytological findings immediately to his patients, and the majority of women considered this very positively. A patient who knows that he can reach his doctor by phone at almost any time in order to discuss certain side effects of therapy or particular symptoms, feels that he is better cared for and more secure. In as much as a telephone conversation about questions of therapy can lead to an improvement in compliance, it can also reduce the need for check-ups of therapy and progress. Finally patients who require long-term care because of chronic disease, and who do not comply optimally, can be led on a "long lead" by the use of occasional phone calls. However communication with the patient by phone also has definite disadvantages. As only verbal contact is possible, the complete range of non-verbal forms of communication are missing (gesticulation, facial expression, body language). The "clinical glance" (which has not lost its importance even in high-tech medicine) is not possible. Telephoning tends to lead to a more succinct and compressed form of passing on information. Therefore a higher degree of summarizing is required, and the more redundant parts of conversation are reduced. This can quickly lead to misunderstandings. This abbreviated form of conversation can leave the character of telephone discussions seeming dry and impersonal. A most crucial disadvantage of telephone discussion is the difficulty of not being able to assess the patient's reaction. Most people are more emotionally guarded on the phone, and additional information from non-verbal signals is not available. One finds again and again that patients or relatives who appeared to completely accept difficult findings over the phone, later describe how they were actually deeply affected. There are a series of typical mistakes and short-comings made while telephoning, which certainly does not exclude discussions between doctors and patients. G.F. Gross describes the most important points in his review of mistakes during telephone conversations: • The caller is not prepared. • The caller reaches for the phone before considering why he is calling. • Pen and papers are got together after dialing. • Wide rambling, misleading introduction or time-wasting preamble. • Irrelevant material, complicated explanation, unnecessary repetition. • Important and unimportant matters interweave too much. • The caller submerges the person he is calling with a flood of words, and takes a long time to say the little that he wanted to. The following important points apply to professional telephone conversations between doctor and patient: • To find out when the person with whom one wants to telephone fairly frequently is most likely to be available. • To find out if this time is also suitable for a conversation with a medical content. For example it may be easy to reach a patient at his work-place but, as he is likely to be disturbed, he cannot discuss symptoms or findings. • Questions of professional secrecy have to be taken seriously into account when telephoning. Is the person answering really the patient with whom one wishes to speak? If there is the slightest doubt, one should not continue.Is it possible that someone else is listening, but the patient cannot let you know? Problems also arise when relatives rather than the patient himself answer the phone if one does not know how far they can be informed, or how much information the patient would like them to have. Even relatives may only be given information over the phone where there is no doubt that this is in the interests of the patient. • In cases where the patient has been promised that he will be informed of an important result, the call back should be undertaken promptly. If one is prevented from calling, or the results are not yet available, the patient should be informed of this at the time he is expecting the call. It is sensible to inform the patient when the doctor can best be reached. Some general practitioners have a "telephone surgery", at a particular time of day (i.e. noon - 12.30 pm). • Rather than making calls at various times, it is more economical to make them together in one or two blocks. • It is wise to consider not only what has to be said during the discussion, but also the answer to some likely questions. • A written record must be made of everything that has been said over the phone. • If the patient is expecting an important finding, there should be no long preamble which keeps him hanging on. If the result is favorable, this can be said at first and details can be left until later: "I am ringing to let you know the good news that the results of your blood tests have been found to be completely normal." • The patient must be given time to react to the news, and the doctor must make some effort, in spite of the limitations to assess the patient's reaction. Likewise, the patient must have enough time to ask questions which are a result of the information which has been given. • If the result of the test which the patient is expecting by phone is of serious import, this should not be given over the phone but in direct discussion (i.e. histological evidence of malignancy, positive HIV test). As the patient is expecting the call, it must still be made. One method is to phone the patient and tell him that the result is available but it would be better if he came to the surgery so that it could be explained to him (the appointment must be as soon as possible!) • Basically if it is not possible to resolve or mitigate anxiety, misunderstandings and problems over the phone, these should be sorted out as soon as possible by a discussion during surgery hours. If used correctly, telephone conversations can help to save time, improve compliance and make the relationship between the doctor and the patient more personal.
0.999053	Amid growing signs that the United States - possibly backed by the UK - is preparing to take action to topple Saddam Hussein, BBC News Online looks at Washington's accusations against the Iraqi leader. In his State of the Union speech at the beginning of the year, President George Bush spoke of an "axis of evil" comprising Iran, North Korea and Iraq. President Bush summarised Washington's case against Baghdad in one paragraph, broadly outlining four issues. He said: Iraq continues to flaunt its hostility toward America and to support terror. The Iraqi regime has plotted to develop anthrax, and nerve gas, and nuclear weapons for over a decade. This is a regime that has already used poison gas to murder thousands of its own citizens, leaving the bodies of mothers huddled over their dead children. This is a regime that agreed to international inspections, then kicked out the inspectors. This is a regime that has something to hide from the civilised world. Weaponry "The Iraqi regime has plotted to develop anthrax, and nerve gas, and nuclear weapons for over a decade." Washington and London say this accumulation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) poses a threat not just to the region but to the wider world. Iraq is still believed to have Scud missiles But exactly what kind and how many weapons Baghdad has is not known, as UN weapons inspectors have not been in the country since December 1998. A report published by the US State Department earlier that year, said that Iraq had the potential to develop WMD. "Enough production components and data remain hidden and enough expertise has been retained or developed to enable Iraq to resume development and production of WMD." It is believed, the report adds, that Iraq maintains "a small force of Scud-type missiles, a small stockpile of chemical and biological munitions, and the capability to quickly resurrect biological and chemical weapons production". In the same document the State Department says that "Baghdad's interest in acquiring or developing nuclear weapons has not diminished". A UN report released in March last year suggested that Iraq still had chemical and biological weapons - as well as the rockets to deliver them to targets in other countries. Iraq denies this. And, on Wednesday, US diplomats said photographs taken by spy satellites show that trucks imported by Baghdad for civilian purposes have been converted into mobile missile launchers. Arms control "This is a regime that agreed to international inspections, then kicked out the inspectors. This is a regime that has something to hide from the civilised world." Thousands of Marsh Arabs have been forced from their homes Saddam Hussein agreed to allow UN inspectors into the country as part of the ceasefire accord that ended the Gulf War in 1991. But the body in charge of the inspections, Unscom, complained it was not allowed to its job and was withdrawn in 1998 ahead of a bombing campaign by the US and the UK. Iraq, meanwhile, accused the commission's monitors of spying for Washington. After its withdrawal, Unscom was replaced by Unmovic (UN Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission) which has not been allowed into the country. Baghdad has allowed limited inspections to be carried out by the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). But the group says it is not enough to determine whether Iraq may be engaged in a secret nuclear weapons programme. Sanctions against Iraq will be lifted if it complies fully with international inspections of its weapons industry, the UN says. 'Supporter of terror' "Iraq continues to flaunt its hostility toward America and to support terror." Since 11 September certain officials in Washington, led by US Deputy Secretary of Defence Paul Wolfowitz, have argued that attacks of such magnitude would need state-backing, and pointed at Iraq. So far no evidence appears to have been found to back a link between Saddam and 11 September. Investigations into a suspected link between one of the alleged hijackers, Mohammad Atta, and Baghdad have reportedly proved inconclusive. Baghdad has not been accused of planning direct attacks against the US since 1993 - when Iraqi intelligence agents tried to assassinate the then President Bush. But Washington accuses Saddam of sponsoring and training groups on its "terrorist list". Domestic front "This is a regime that has already used poison gas to murder thousands of its own citizens, leaving the bodies of mothers huddled over their dead children." Saddam Hussein has repeatedly been accused of killing and torturing opposition and minority groups, particularly the Kurdish population. He is said to be responsible for the deaths of between 70,000 and 150,000 Kurds in 1989, including 5,000 in nerve gas attacks. The campaign against the Kurds of Iraq in the late 1980's, known as the Anfal (or spoils in Arabic), was pursued at time when Iraq was an ally of Washington and the UK. The Iraqi regime is also accused of having forcibly relocated around 150,000 Marsh Arabs from southern Iraq by draining the marshes in which they lived. The Iraqi leader also has a record of dealing brutally with dissent against his rule. Full coverage Key stories US clerics oppose war Saudi war warning Iraq polio campaign 'New Europe' hits back Analysis Blair's political troubles US and UK regroup Blix tiptoes tightrope CLICKABLE GUIDE Global voices on Iraq BBC WORLD SERVICE News in Arabic AUDIO VIDEO Inspectors' report: Point by point TALKING POINT Your views on inspectors' report See also: 25 Feb 02 \| Middle East Annan to tackle Iraq over arms 24 Feb 02 \| Middle East Blair and Bush 'to discuss Iraq action' 23 Feb 02 \| Middle East Saddam scorns Bush 'baby talk' 13 Feb 02 \| World Analysis: 'Axis of evil' capabilities 30 Jan 02 \| Americas Full text: State of the Union address Internet links: US Presidency Iraqi Presidency 10 Downing Street United Nations Unmovic The BBC is not responsible for the content of external internet sites Top Middle East stories now: US draws up second Iraq resolution Mid-East peace moves urged Saudis launch first al-Qaeda trial Palestinian gas mask appeal dismissed Kuwait protests over Iraq statement Polio campaign launched in Iraq Iran academic sent back to death court Jerusalem gets ultra-Orthodox mayor Links to more Middle East stories are at the foot of the page. E-mail this story to a friend Links to more Middle East stories In This Section US draws up second Iraq resolution Mid-East peace moves urged Saudis launch first al-Qaeda trial Palestinian gas mask appeal dismissed Kuwait protests over Iraq statement Polio campaign launched in Iraq Iran academic sent back to death court Jerusalem gets ultra-Orthodox mayor Jordanians jailed over 'Prophet slur' Saudis warn US over Iraq war
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0.999963	The Dominica Met Service has informed that a Tropical Storm Watch is in effect for Dominica as of 5pm Monday August 9, 2021. The projected conditions across Dominica due to the adverse weather from tonight into Tuesday August 10, 2021 include moderate to heavy shower and thunderstorm activity and possible sustained winds up to tropical storm strength (39mph to 73mph). The projection is for 4 to 6 inches (100-150mm) of rainfall with possible higher amounts in elevated areas. Possible impacts of this weather system on Dominica include: Flash Flooding Landslides and rock fall Sustained tropical storm force winds are possible across Dominica tonight Moderate to Rough seas What the public should do: Keep updated on information provided by the Office of Disaster Management and the Dominica Met. Service and make preparations to protect life and property Curfew orders are in place. Persons should limit outdoor activities as much as possible. However, if you must move around exercise caution and be aware of water-covered roads and bridges. Be mindful of the usual hotspots for flash flooding. People who live along waterways including rivers and ravines should be vigilant and be aware of their surroundings during tonight and into Tuesday. Be ready to move to a safe area if rising water is observed and do not attempt to cross rivers and other waterways. Be alert while traversing landslide and rock fall hotspots such as Tarreau, under the Canefield Cliff, Champagne area near Pointe Michel, Bagatelle, Dubique, Corona and Bellevue Chopin road to name a few and other vulnerable areas. Be watchful during overnight heavy rain period when landslides are highly possible Mariners and fisher folks should exercise caution and do not take undue risks Ensure that important documents are protected in water proof containers Check on your emergency kit and ensure it has the necessary supplies, including mask, sanitizer and rubbing alcohol Remember to obey COVID 19 Guidelines as we all do what is necessary to be safe Sheltering in place is strongly encouraged. There will be no general opening of shelters. However, exceptions will be made for known vulnerable areas or persons who determine they are in danger.
0.954382	Henrik Johan Ibsen was a Norwegian playwright and theater director. As one of the founders of modernism in theater, Ibsen is often referred to as "the father of realism" and one of the most influential playwrights of his time. His major works include Brand, Peer Gynt, An Enemy of the People, Emperor and Galilean, A Doll's House, Hedda Gabler, Ghosts, The Wild Duck, When We Dead Awaken, Rosmersholm, and The Master Builder. Ibsen is the most frequently performed dramatist in the world after Shakespeare, and A Doll's House was the world's most performed play in 2006. Ibsen's early poetic and cinematic play Peer Gynt has strong surreal elements. After Peer Gynt Ibsen abandoned verse and wrote in realistic prose. Several of his later dramas were considered scandalous to many of his era, when European theater was expected to model strict morals of family life and propriety. Ibsen's later work examined the realities that lay behind the facades, revealing much that was disquieting to a number of his contemporaries. He had a critical eye and conducted a free inquiry into the conditions of life and issues of morality. In many critics' estimates The Wild Duck and Rosmersholm are "vying with each other as rivals for the top place among Ibsen's works"; Ibsen himself regarded Emperor and Galilean as his masterpiece. Ibsen is often ranked as one of the most distinguished playwrights in the European tradition, and is widely regarded as the foremost playwright of the nineteenth century. He influenced other playwrights and novelists such as George Bernard Shaw, Oscar Wilde, Arthur Miller, Marguerite Yourcenar, James Joyce, Eugene O'Neill, and Miroslav Krleža. Ibsen was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1902, 1903, and 1904. Ibsen wrote his plays in Danish (the common written language of Denmark and Norway during his lifetime) and they were published by the Danish publisher Gyldendal. Although most of his plays are set in Norway—often in places reminiscent of Skien, the port town where he grew up—Ibsen lived for 27 years in Italy and Germany, and rarely visited Norway during his most productive years. Ibsen's dramas were informed by his own background in the merchant elite of Skien, and he often modeled or named characters after family members. He was the father of Prime Minister Sigurd Ibsen. Ibsen's dramas had a strong influence upon contemporary culture. From : Wikipedia.org Works Back to Top This person has authored 9 documents, with 32,659 words or 192,292 characters. Enemy of the People, An 1882 (SCENE.—The same. The door into the dining room is shut. It is morning. MRS. STOCKMANN, with a sealed letter in her hand, comes in from the dining room, goes to the door of the DOCTOR'S study, and peeps in.) Mrs. Stockmann. Are you in, Thomas? Dr. Stockmann (from within his room). Yes, I have just come in. (Comes into the room.) What is it? Mrs. Stockmann. A letter from your brother. Dr. Stockmann. Aha, let us see! (Opens the letter and reads:) "I return herewith the manuscript you sent me" (reads on in a low murmur) H'm!— Mrs. Stockmann. What does he say? Dr. Stockmann (putting the papers in his pocket). Oh, he only writes that he will come up here himself about midday. Mrs. Stockmann. Well, try and remember to be at hom... (From: Gutenberg.org.) Image Gallery of Henrik Ibsen Back to Top Chronology Back to Top March 20, 1828 Birth Day. May 23, 1906 Death Day. October 17, 2021; 8:27:51 AM (America/Los_Angeles) Added to http://www.RevoltLib.com. October 17, 2021; 8:28:30 AM (America/Los_Angeles) Updated on http://www.RevoltLib.com. Comments Back to Top Login to Comment 0 Likes 0 Dislikes Who Liked This? No comments so far. You can be the first! Navigation Back to Top << Last Entry in People William Haywood Current Entry in People Henrik Ibsen Next Entry in People >> The Industrial Workers of the World (IWW) All Nearby Items in People Haywood, William - One of the foremost labor radicals of the American West, "Big Bill" Haywood became a leading figure in labor activities across the United States. Heath, Nick Hennacy, Ammon A. Henry, Émile Heywood, Ezra - Ezra Heywood was born in 1829. He was an anarchist, slavery abolitionist, and feminist. He developed an individual anarchist philosophy that was fundamental in printing the Free Love magazine, The Word. Hill, Christopher Hoffman, Abbie Howe, Florence Hwang, Dongyoun Hyndman, Henry Ibsen, Henrik Industrial Workers of the World (IWW), The Ingalls, Joshua K. - Joshua King Ingalls (July 16, 1816 – 1898), born in Swansea, Massachusetts, was an inventor, and land reformer who influenced contemporary individualist anarchists despite never self-identifying as one. He was an associate of Benjamin Tucker and the "Boston anarchists." International of Anarchist Federations Jacob, Marius James Patrick Cannon Jarach, Lawrence Jin, Ba - Ba Jin, one of the main figures of twentieth century Chinese literature, died in Shanghai on the 17th of October 2005. He was also a survivor of the Chinese anarchist movement which disappeared with the victory of the Communists. While he was required to 'repent', and purged and humiliated during the Cultural Revolution, he never embraced any other ideal.
0.999623	Republic of Ireland Football : Euro 1988 Qualification Campaign : Irish Player Appearances & Goal Scorers Irish Football > Republic of Ireland Qualifying Campaigns > Euro 1988 Appearances & Goals Euro 1988 Qualifiers - Appearances Made and Goal Scorers In Group 7 of the Euro 1988 qualifiers the Irish team was drawn with Bulgaria, Belgium, Scotland and Luxembourg. Jack Charlton was the Republic of Ireland manager for the entire qualification campaign. It was his first campaign as Irish manager. Ireland won the group just one point ahead Bulgaria. The Irish finished their qualifiers with a 2-0 win at Lansdowne Road (now Aviva Stadium) over Bulgaria however the Bulgarians still had a home match against Scotland to come. All Bulgaria needed was a draw to qualify however a late goal by Scotland's Gary MacKay condemned them to second place in group 7 and Ireland had qualified for it's first major championship finals. Twenty-one different Irish players were used in eight matches during the Euro 1988 qualifiers. Irish Player Appearances in Euro 1988 Qualifiers The following players appeared for the Republic of Ireland during the 1988 Euro qualification campaign matches. Player Appearances Kevin Moran 8 Liam Brady 8 Paul McGrath 8 Frank Stapleton 8 Ronnie Whelan 7 Ray Houghton 7 Tony Galvin 7 John Aldridge 7 Packie Bonner 7 Mick McCarthy 6 John Byrne 5 David Langan 4 John Anderson 3 Mark Lawrenson 3 Niall Quinn 3 Jim Beglin 2 Chris Hughton 2 Kevin Sheedy 1 Gerry Peyton 1 Ashley Grimes 1 Gerry Daly 1 Irish Goal Scorers During Euro 1988 Qualifiers The following players scored goals for the Republic of Ireland during the 1988 Euro qualification campaign matches.
0.977669	bali things to do, Bali trip, best places for honeymoon, cheap honeymoon destinations outside India, food in bali, honeymoon, honeymoon destinations, romantic destinations, street food in bali 6 Top Reasons why Bali trip is best for your Honeymoon. No doubt Bali is the popular destination for honeymoon from many years. Every year more and more people are choosing Bali for their romantic honeymoon. From stunning beaches, volcanoes, unparalleled beauty, rice fields, picturesque mountains and Islands, perfect climate all these make Your Bali trip awesome. If you are on a budget or want luxury Bali is for everyone. You get luxury villas, resorts and hotels and also a vast number of affordable options with top-notch facilities. So, if you were wondering about planning a Bali trip for your first honeymoon and not able to decide then these reasons will convince you why Bali should be your honeymoon destination. Best accommodation options (Budget & Luxury) Most romantic places for honeymoon Bali is a food lovers paradise Romantic weather Secret beaches Stunning places to capture Bali is safe Easy to reach and get around Conclusion Frequently asked questions 1. Best accommodation options: The best reason for honeymoon Bali trip is that accommodations. Here you get plenty of options from budget to luxury resorts and villas. Bali has the most romantic resorts for your honeymoon. The resorts, villas, and hotels all are available at best locations of Bali. Couples who are nature-loving or adventure or you want to stay in the mountains all are available for every kind of couple. Not on this Bali also provide eco-friendly wooden houses, huts and even tents so you can experience anything you wish. I recommend staying in villas as they provide the best experience and value at the prices they are available. Check our packages with best hotel, resorts, and villas deal. 2. Most romantic places for honeymoon: Bali provides you with unlimited options to travel and activities. There so many popular places to go and enjoy activities, you can see the list below as these are too much. Image Source: Wikipedia Here I have listed some of the best attractions for the honeymoon: Uluwatu Temple Komodo Island Waterbom Bali Gili Islands Bali Zoo Git Git Waterfalls Botanic Gardens Bali Ubud Nusa Islands Different cultures to explore Bali Marine and Safari Park You can also do some other activities like: Surf together Banana ride Jet ski together Paragliding Snorkelling Watch romantic sunsets And the list is endless. So it’s up to you makes you and your partner loves and make your honeymoon the best trip. 3. Bali is a food lovers paradise: Bali is the house of every kind of food you wish to eat. There is every kind of restaurants like Italian, Chinese, Mexican, Indian, Thai, Japanese, French, Mediterranean etc. So if you are meat or seafood lover, vegetarian or vegan, you get all type of restaurants. Also, with luxury restaurants, there are roadside food stalls which taste fantastic and are cheap. Know about these Balinese dishes you must try. Not only this if you are strict about your diet or allergic to some food there are plenty of restaurants that provide Vegan food, Gluten-free food, so you need not worry about food. So, have a romantic dinner with your partner. 4. Romantic weather: If you start planning your Bali trip for a honeymoon and finally decided to book your package, then I assure you that you haven’t taken the wrong decision. Once you land in Bali, the weather will make you so romantic that you will appreciate yourself to choose Bali as your honeymoon destination. The whole year temperature in Bali is around 25 and 30-degree celsius. So it doesn’t matter in which month you are visiting, but yes July and August are the busiest months and prices will be higher than other days. I suggest you should plan the trip in September or October also the prices are lower by 40-50%. Plan your romantic honeymoon with best offers and prices available. 5. Secret beaches: Bali has many secret or hidden beaches perfect for couples who want to spend time alone and be away from the crowd for some time. So, whether it Balian beach or Balangan beach you get scenic beauty all around, romantic sunset and quality time to spend together. 6. Stunning places to capture: Bali has stunning places for photography. Bali’s beautiful landscapes, romantic beaches with picturesque Islands and sunset makes it best for your post-wedding photography. With seaside temples, jaw-dropping views and best locations to capture. Some places like Uluwatu Temple, Tegenungan Waterfall, Seminyak Beach, Tanah Lot Temple, Ubud, and many more places. 7. Bali is safe: As compared to other tropical Islands, Bali is safer than those with least criminal activities, and the Government of Indonesia is strict to this. Yes, you have to be aware of scams like currency exchange and other frauds related to bookings and motorbike rental scams. Also, there no health hazards food is safe to eat, and one thing to remember is always to buy sealed bottled water and avoid tap water. Generally, these are not frequently or in high number, but yes you have to aware if you travel in any country. 8. Easy to reach and get around: If you are from Asia or near it, then you will get direct flights to Bali as most of the countries to have a direct flight and if outside Asia then it depends on your location and distance. Getting around in Bali is also so easy that you can rent motorcycle or car to explore Islands and places in Bali own your own. Remember to bring an International driving licence, so you are eligible to rent a car. Renting a car or bike is the best option if you are on honeymoon as you both can spend time together while exploring the beautiful Bali. Conclusion: So these were the top reasons to plan a Bali trip for your honeymoon. All these reasons make Bali best destination every year for honeymoon. And I hope this will help you to decide your honeymoon destination and Bali be your first choice. Also read: Some of the best Islands for honeymoon and vacation. Have a lovely and romantic honeymoon, whichever destination you choose. Frequently asked questions: Q1: Is Bali safe at night? Ans: Yes Bali is safe at night, also it is safest cities in Indonesia, Bali is famous for its nightlife so enjoy it. Q2: Is the food in Bali expensive? Ans: It depends upon the travellers are they non-veg or vegetarian. Generally, Rp258,405 per day is recorded. So, it depends upon many factors. Q3: Is it safe to eat street food in Bali? Ans: Yes it is safe, as there is a huge demand for street food and many roadside vendors are there who make in excess and all are fresh. Q4: Visa requirements for Bali? Ans: Indonesia provides visa on arrival so don’t need to worry about the visa. You only book flight tickets. Q5: What is illegal in Bali? Ans: Indonesia is very strict about drug laws. If anyone got caught trafficking drugs they get a very high penalty, life imprisonment or even the death penalty. 0Shares PrevNext 6 Responses Ajay 31st July 2020 at 8:04 pm Reply Amazing information! Bali Agent 31st July 2020 at 8:11 pm Reply great and worthy content International traveller 1st August 2020 at 7:39 am Reply Please consider balichalo.com for going to Bali. Its worth it. Trip to Bali\| Here is the ultimate guide that you need 2nd August 2020 at 6:12 pm Reply […] Click here to know why Bali is best for honeymoon. […] Nakul 8th August 2020 at 12:12 pm Reply best info I have got about Bali is from balichalo. Binod 8th August 2020 at 1:25 pm Reply Informative Content Leave a Reply Cancel Reply Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. About Bali Bali, Indonesia’s is a world-famous island, is located on the west of Java in the Lesser Sunda Islands. 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0.999986	You can create a good first impression with your driveway, and it adds value when it comes time to sell your home. Driveways are more than convenient off-road parking spaces. But where do you begin when planning one? Table of Contents 1. Convenience and style 2. Easily accessible 3. Trees and shrubs 4. Accessories for the driveway 5. Modern or traditional 1. Convenience and style There are two main things to consider when installing a new driveway. First, consider the driveway’s practicality and its purpose. How many people are living in the house, for instance? Are there regular visitors? Growing families need car space to accommodate future teenagers and drivers. In order to increase the value of your home, homeowners who may be considering selling soon should focus on curb appeal; replacing old tarmac with new block paving will add value. 2. Easily accessible Drives don’t have a set minimum width, so any design must be suitable for the vehicles that will use it. It is important to consider the number of cars near each other and ensure that car doors can be opened easily. Make sure your driveway is wide enough to allow you to reverse from the highway if necessary. It should also provide easy access from the highway to your driveway. Ask your landscaper for ideas on how you can separate your driveway from shrubbery or a pathway with driveway edging stones. 3. Trees and shrubs You can make your front yard more private by planting trees and shrubs, but keep in mind that digging your driveway may damage existing roots, as well as utilities. To do this right, you need to hire a professional designer or contractor. Whether they plan to plant trees or shrubs, they will make sure they will not send their roots into the sub base of your new driveway, but will still add biodiversity. If you have any concerns about the work, make sure you voice them to the installer. 4. Accessories for the driveway Your new driveway can be used in a variety of ways to create an inviting entryway to your home. The driveway could be illuminated with encapsulated LED lights or perhaps a series of lights can be installed into the curbs. For curbs, there is a choice to suit every taste. 5. Modern or traditional In terms of designing your driveway, you can choose a variety of materials, but you should always take the style of your house into consideration. When creating a classic look you often turn to natural stone paving, but you can also use cobble setts, which come in many shapes and colors. You can play with the laying patterns and colors of concrete block paving to create a truly unique driveway. Porcelain driveway paving is a great choice for a more minimalistic driveway with low maintenance. The budget is of course a consideration, but keep in mind the 20/80 rule as it pertains to choosing your products; 20% of your project’s cost is in the products, and 80% comes from the subbase and installation. Consider asking your installer about a higher end paving product if you’re concerned it might be outside your price range, because it might make less difference than you think to the total cost. Facebook Twitter Pinterest WhatsApp Previous articleHow to Choose a Commercial Air Conditioning Repair Contractor Next articleThe Most Common Roof Problems Martin Hayman RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR What are Diesel generators and how they are helpful? Stuck Showerhead: How to Remove & Replace it Reasons for boiler repair at your home LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply Log in to leave a comment Latest News What are Diesel generators and how they are helpful? Things to consider before hiring any plumbing company Stuck Showerhead: How to Remove & Replace it Reasons for boiler repair at your home How to Find an Expert Architect Did you know the first step of about half of all home buyers is to look online for properties? This means your real estate listing description matters more than ever. If potential buyers read your listing and aren’t impressed, they’re on to the next one.
0.950638	A few days ago, I was watching Dustin Campell’s excellent talk from TechEd 2013, “Essential truths everyone should know about performance in a large managed code base”. I highly recommend it, and it made me think a bit more about Noda Time’s performance. (It doesn’t take much to make me think about Noda Time’s performance, admittedly.) Base situation: no pooling Most of our formatting goes through something called SteppedPattern – that’s basically one multicast delegate (with lots of actions) for formatting, and a list of delegates for parsing. The Format method was really simple before this week: public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder(); // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } Very simple – but it allocates a new StringBuilder on each call, which is somewhat unnecessary. Allocation is cheap, but not free – and string formatting is something which could reasonably happen an awful lot. In the talk, Dustin showed an example where introducing a single object pool – also for StringBuilder – had made marked difference. Unfortunately, in my case it’s not as simple as we might like. Or at least, I’m not confident that it is. Let’s look at the options I’ve considered so far – in no particular order. Option 1: Lock-free using Interlocked After construction, a formatter can be used on multiple threads, so some case is needed to make sure we don’t end up using one StringBuilder from multiple threads at a time. Interlocked.Exchange makes this reasonably straightforward: private StringBuilder cachedBuilder = new StringBuilder(); ... public string Format(TResult value) { // Try to borrow the cached builder, in a thread-safe way. // (If another thread is using the builder, this will return null.) StringBuilder builder = Interlocked.Exchange(ref cachedBuilder, null); if (builder == null) { builder = new StringBuilder(); } else { builder.Length = 0; } // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); string ret = builder.ToString(); // Whether we managed to borrow the cached builder or not, // we can replace it with the one we've used, now that we // know what to return. Volatile.Write(ref cachedBuilder, builder); return ret; } (See comments for discussion on the Volatile.Write call, which was previously just an assignment statement, along with the use of Interlocked.Exchange compared with an earlier version using Interlocked.CompareExchange.) I’m pretty confident that this does achieve the goal of only using the builder in one thread at a time. If an exception is thrown while formatting, that’s fine – we don’t end up putting anything back in the cache, and the next caller will allocate a new one. I don’t believe we need to use Exchange a second time when writing to cachedBuilder – we’re certainly fine if it takes a while for that write to be seen by other threads, as the only downside would be not using the cached builder when we might want to. But is that enough to make this code thread-safe? Is it possible that a write from one thread would only be seen in another thread after the second thread has borrowed the builder? Is it possible that the write to cachedBuilder actually occurs before the call to builder.ToString() completes, allowing another thread to start messing with the builder before we’ve got our result? My guess is that it’s actually okay – but lock-free code fundamentally scares me, and I’m very cautious about writing it. (Elsewhere in Noda Time we do have some lock-free mutable data – but usually in the form of array-based caches where the element type is guaranteed to have atomic writes, and is immutable.) So while this is “clever” and may be fine, it makes me nervous, which is not a good place to be. Option 2: Locking I’m much more confident about using threads when locking is involved. I find it easier to reason about what’s allowed and what’s not. private readonly StringBuilder pooledStringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); private bool pooledBuilderInUse = false; ... public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder = null; lock (pooledStringBuilder) { if (!pooledBuilderInUse) { pooledBuilderInUse = true; builder = pooledStringBuilder; builder.Length = 0; } } try { builder = builder ?? new StringBuilder(); // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } finally { if (builder == pooledStringBuilder) { lock (pooledStringBuilder) { pooledBuilderInUse = false; } } } } Unlike the previous solution, this time we always know what the builder is (and never change it) – that gives us something to lock on. What we change within the lock is whether or not the builder is in use. This should be safe across multiple threads, but it’s ever so verbose – and in my benchmarks, the results weren’t terribly clear. Option 3: ThreadStatic The obvious alternative to sharing one builder between multiple threads is to have a single builder per thread. There are two approaches to this in .NET: [ThreadStatic] and ThreadLocal. ThreadStatic is the older mechanism, and is simply a matter of decorating a static field with the [ThreadStatic] attribute. Each thread has a separate variable, as if by magic. So in principle, the implementation just looks like this: [ThreadStatic] private static StringBuilder cachedBuilder; public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder = cachedBuilder; if (cachedBuilder == null) { builder = new StringBuilder(); cachedBuilder = builder; } else { builder.Length = 0; } // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } Unfortunately we still need to check for nullity on every call, as any initialization expression for the variable will only be executed by the first thread which uses the class. Still, the code is reasonably simple. There’s a big “gotcha” with this though: our code is now not re-entrant. If one SteppedPattern has a format action which calls format on another SteppedPattern, we’ll end up trying to use the same builder for both operations, resetting the builder in the middle. Fortunately, SteppedPattern already has a method (FormatPartial) designed for calling one formatter within another. In the very few places where this is required, I’m confident that it’s being called correctly – but I’m not keen on making my code fragile like this. It’s fairly safe from third party intervention – there are very few places (if any) where formatting code calls out to any other code which could include a format call. Just writing this paragraph, I’ve come up with a couple of worrying parts (fetching values from a CultureInfo, and fetching the ID of a time zone) but I think they’re safe… the question is whether I’ve missed something similar in another case. Either way, it would have to be pretty pathological code to cause a problem, and I consider the chances of this being a problem in the real world to be essentially zero. However, I still want to guard against accidental re-entrancy within Noda Time itself – so I’ve got a debug-only version of Format which performs a crude re-entrancy check using another [ThreadStatic] variable. (And I’ve got a debug-only test to check that the check works, of course.) So long as my unit tests all still pass in a debug configuration, I’m reasonably confident. (You can see the check and the test in the revision that added this code. It may be gone in the latest version, of course – I’m still on the fence about all of this.) There’s a second issue with [ThreadStatic] which is its level of support in the PCL. We just recently updated our PCL profiles, and I think using [ThreadStatic] would have been a problem if we’d continued to support Windows Phone 7, as that didn’t include [ThreadStatic] as far as I can tell. We’re fine in the current profile, but this is the first time I’ve knowing added code which prevents us from going back to a WP7-enabled profile. Option 4: ThreadLocal ThreadLocal is a more recent solution to the thread-local-storage problem. It’s generally a cleaner solution: The variable doesn’t have to be static You can specify an initialization delegate to be executed on first use in any particular thread It’s clear from the type itself what you’re doing, rather than using an attribute which makes a variable act completely differently from normal That means we can have one StringBuilder per formatter per thread (if we want; we could still make it a static variable if we wanted exactly one StringBuilder for each thread), and simplify the code within the Format method: private ThreadLocal<StringBuilder> cachedBuilder = new ThreadLocal<StringBuilder>(() => new StringBuilder()); public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder = cachedBuilder.Value; builder.Length = 0; // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } However, I haven’t tested this code, as ThreadLocal required .NET 4.0 – whereas Noda Time targets .NET 3.5. Conclusion You may have noticed that I haven’t provided any performance figures in this post. That’s deliberate, because the results I’ve seen have had too much variance so far. The basic upshot of this is that I don’t yet have enough evidence of the benefit to justify the complexity – it’s just one StringBuilder per format operation, after all, and there’s plenty of other work going on at the same time. I believe there is a benefit, but it’s pretty marginal – and the level of benefit depends on which of the above options is taken. I’m intrigued by the first option though, and whether experts would consider it to be safe. I still want to see a really good specification for the .NET memory model (which I know to be stronger than the one in the ECMA CLI specification) – I know it’s something that Microsoft has wanted to get round to writing up, but I don’t know if it’s actually happened… I fully expect to see contradictory opinions in comments :) Share this: Twitter Facebook Like this: Like Loading... Related Post navigation Previous PostNew blog hostingNext PostThe BobbyTables culture 52 thoughts on “Object pooling and thread safety” Franck Jeannin (@frje) says: August 1, 2014 at 4:43 pm I think the compiler/processor may very well re-order the write at the end of option 1. You probably need a memory barrier or another CompareExchange. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 4:48 pm I wondered about that, yes. But with a second CompareExchange, would it then be safe? LikeLike Reply Franck Jeannin (@frje) says: August 2, 2014 at 9:52 am Yes (or a volatile write) LikeLike Reply Augi (@AugiCZ) says: August 1, 2014 at 4:59 pm Agree, Interlocked.Exchange is required. Additionally, I’m not sure if it were safe on 32-bit machine. LikeLike Reply Joseph says: August 1, 2014 at 7:23 pm Volatile.Write is the perfect tool for the job. I like it- I’m very curious to see the resulting performance benchmarks! I may try a similar optimization. LikeLike Reply Conor Stokes says: August 1, 2014 at 5:45 pm The approach I took in C# a few years ago (with the aim of avoiding garbage collection pauses) was to use ThreadStatic and a Stack for the objects in the pool. This adds some small amount of overhead, but allows a lot of flexibility. It also has the bonus of growing up to your needs, because if you use more than one object of that type on that thread, you’re likely to do it again as code rarely runs just once. LikeLike Reply Jeff Walker says: August 1, 2014 at 5:53 pm Lovely article and blog. It looks good. I’m seeing an issue with your rendering in the latest Chrome. The code isn’t indented, the code for “Option 3” isn’t formatted, and I see “##Conclusion” instead of the rendered version. I’d love to hear how the mark-down blog is working out on WordPress. LikeLike Reply jeffwalker613 says: August 1, 2014 at 5:59 pm Lovely article and blog. It looks good. I’m seeing an issue with your rendering in the latest Chrome. None of the code is indented, the code for “Option 3” isn’t formatted, and I see “##Conclusion” instead of the rendered version. I’d love to hear how the mark-down blog is working out on WordPress. Any plugins? I used the Customizr theme for my code blog. It is nice and wide with a clean look. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 6:34 pm The indentation issue was due to the wordpress.com editor just collapsing it all – I’ve fixed that now. Likewise the “##Conclusion” was due to a heading notation that apparently WP doesn’t support. Will have a look at Customizr. LikeLike Reply abatishchev says: August 1, 2014 at 9:01 pm Hey Jon, JetPack for WordPress adds markup, if you meant that. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 9:10 pm No, I’m already using Markdown – but there are a few quirks to the WP implementation. (And I can’t change which plugins I use, given that it’s hosted wordpress.com.) LikeLike Reply Weeble says: August 1, 2014 at 6:14 pm Does the allocation cost as much as all the copying? I once had some code with several layers of format methods. I got a huge speed-up by providing ‘void AppendFormat(StringBuilder)’ methods. That way an entire hierarchy of calls could all share the same builder, with a single final ToString occurring at the end at the top level. I still quite like that API. I must admit I’m slightly terrified of your proposed solutions – I’d want to see miraculous benchmark results to feel the complexity and risk from all this shared mutable state was justified. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 6:33 pm I’m already using a single StringBuilder to append everything, with just one ToString call. But yes, I’ve basically rolled back these changes too. LikeLiked by 1 person Reply Daniel Grunwald says: August 1, 2014 at 6:27 pm Interlocked.Exchange() is overkill — all you need is a store barrier before the write to cachedBuilder. The cheapest way to get that is to use Volatile.Write(ref cachedBuilder, builder); (or just mark the field as volatile) Now, in the .NET 2.0 days, the .NET framework actually guaranteed that every write is a volatile write, so your code would be safe. (this was a guarantee of the MS .NET implementation, not part of the official language specs) But that’s back when .NET pretty much only ran on x86, where the hardware guarantees it doesn’t reorder writes. I don’t know if the guarantee is still valid on ARM. Lots of .NET code would be subtly broken if it isn’t, but on the other hand, ARM CPUs aren’t really powerful enough to pay an additional performance penalty on every write to keep up the .NET 2.0 guarantee. LikeLiked by 1 person Reply Joseph says: August 1, 2014 at 7:14 pm Daniel Grunwald is correct. You need no more, no less than a Volatile.Write(ref cachedBuilder). (Or, using the volatile modifier will also compile the dangerous assignment to a Volatile call. I prefer the explicit call because of the principle of least surprise. See my question https://stackoverflow.com/questions/24759947.) LikeLiked by 1 person Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 7:22 pm Thanks. Will edit this into the post with a comment to refer down here… LikeLike Reply Stephen Cleary says: August 1, 2014 at 6:57 pm I also have a bad feeling about (1). Seems like there is a missing barrier. For the .NET memory models, I find Joe Duffy’s book and blog to be the best source, though they can be difficult to understand. I’d consider a fifth option (ConcurrentBag): private static ConcurrentBag<StringBuilder> cachedBuilders = new ConcurrentBag()<StringBuilder>; public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder; if (!cachedBuilders.TryTake(out builder)) builder = new StringBuilder(); builder.Length = 0; // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); var result = builder.ToString(); cachedBuilders.Add(builder); return result; } This will create new SBs only if all the existing ones are already being used. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 7:02 pm Yes, I agree that the first one is probably missing a barrier – but now I don’t want to change the code in the post! I can’t use ConcurrentBag for the same reason as option 4 – but I would expect this may be more expensive than just creating a builder, to be honest. LikeLike Reply Ben Adams (@ben_a_adams) says: August 1, 2014 at 8:54 pm Eeep, if this optimisation is to play nice with memory, then don’t use a ConcurrentBag – they are not good with memory – their focus being on avoiding thread clashes on data and thoughput performance so work by having a bag per thread for good concurrency and cache awareness – not so good with general memory use. Also more generally, I’d stay away from anything that does threadlocal/static stuff (ConcurrentBag included) in a library that may be used in the async/await world of tasks. This is because as a async/task chain may wander from thread to thread as and when they are available for execution. Thread-local stuff doesn’t naturally follow the path of execution when it moves between threads. To help with this, and make it seem like it does, the framework starts lifting an moving the thread local stuff around with your tasks between threads, so that it still behaves as you might expect. However, synchronising this ExecutionContext comes with a performance cost. On the other hand if you don’t do any thread-local stuff (or impersonation, security etc) then the ambient execution context doesn’t need to flow across await points as it doesn’t contain anything that would differ between threadpool threads so you don’t have this penalty. In general code this is a fairly lightweight cost; but for server-side stuff or awaiting in tight loops its bad – so I’d certainly stay away from it in a library! Basically, if I called .ToString() on a library method I wouldn’t expect all my unrelated awaits to suddenly start paying a synchronisation penalty – which is what would happen in this case. LikeLike Reply Ben Adams (@ben_a_adams) says: August 1, 2014 at 11:19 pm While there occasions where a lock free algo is important I wouldn’t consider creating independent things to be one. Instead keep them independent. ConcurrentBag has the right type of idea; however if you go core local rather than thread local it will work a lot better and work well with tasks and await. Also since they are independent, and its the world of strings, an uncontested lock probably has enough performance while being clearer. So I’d go for something like: [csharp] class Formatter { [DllImport("kernel32.dll"), SuppressUnmanagedCodeSecurity] private static extern int GetCurrentProcessorNumber(); private static readonly StringBuilder[] pooledBuilders = new StringBuilder[Environment.ProcessorCount]; private static readonly object[] pooledLocks = new object[Environment.ProcessorCount]; static Formatter() { for (var i = 0; i < pooledLocks.Length; i++) { pooledLocks[i] = new object(); } } private static StringBuilder GetBuilder() { var i = GetCurrentProcessorNumber(); if (pooledBuilders[i] == null) { return new StringBuilder(); } else { lock (pooledLocks[i]) { StringBuilder builder = pooledBuilders[i] ?? new StringBuilder(); pooledBuilders[i] = null; return builder; } } } private static void ReleaseBuilder(StringBuilder builder) { var i = GetCurrentProcessorNumber(); lock (pooledLocks[i]) { builder.Length = 0; pooledBuilders[i] = builder; } } public string Format(TResult value) { StringBuilder builder = GetBuilder(); try { // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } finally { ReleaseBuilder(builder); } } } [/csharp] LikeLike Reply Paulo Morgado says: August 4, 2014 at 1:03 pm You can also build a resource pool around the ConcurrentBag. Such a resource pool would keep the pooled instances to a maximum and a minimum. LikeLike Reply Stephen Cleary says: August 1, 2014 at 6:58 pm Of course, that should be ConcurrentBag<StringBuilder> LikeLike Reply deminthon says: August 1, 2014 at 8:48 pm How I would write Option 2 … minimal time in the first lock, and the second lock isn’t necessary since no one else can be using pooledStringBuilder inside the if: private readonly StringBuilder pooledStringBuilder = new StringBuilder(); private bool pooledBuilderInUse = false; ... public string Format(TResult value) { bool useOwnBuilder; lock (pooledStringBuilder) { useOwnBuilder = pooledBuilderInUse; pooledBuilderInUse = true; } try { StringBuilder builder; if (useOwnBuilder) { builder = new StringBuilder(); } else { builder = pooledStringBuilder; builder.Length = 0; } // This will call all the actions in the multicast delegate. formatActions(value, builder); return builder.ToString(); } finally { if (!useOwnBuilder) { pooledBuilderInUse = false; } } } LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 8:56 pm Without the second lock, there’s no write barrier, so other threads may never see that the pooled builder is no longer in use. LikeLike Reply deminthon says: August 1, 2014 at 8:58 pm If they lock it, how can they not see it? I’m not familiar with the technical details of .NET’s memory model, but that seems odd to me. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 1, 2014 at 9:01 pm Their lock means they get a read barrier – but you need a write barrier too, on the writing side. (Think of the write barrier as a bit like flushing a write cache, and the read barrier as a bit like flushing a read cache. That’s not entirely accurate, but it’s a starting point.) LikeLike Reply deminthon says: August 1, 2014 at 9:07 pm Ok. This still reduces the time in the first lock. LikeLike Reply deminthon says: August 1, 2014 at 9:09 pm Presumably a write barrier is cheaper than a lock, so add one if needed. LikeLike Reply deminthon says: August 1, 2014 at 8:56 pm Also, the builder could be cleared after use rather than before, reducing memory use slightly, making the code a little more compact, and following the principle that one who makes a mess is responsible for cleaning it up: … StringBuilder builder = useOwnBuilder ? new StringBuilder() : pooledStringBuilder; … finally { if (useOwnBuilder) builder.Length = 0; else pooledBuilderInUse = false; } LikeLike Reply Bob says: August 1, 2014 at 9:25 pm I can’t seem to figure out that Interlocked.CompareExchange in option 1. StringBuilder builder = Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref cachedBuilder, cachedBuilder, null); If I’m understanding it right on MSDN (http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/h7etff8w(v=vs.110).aspx), if the first and third argument are equal, then the second argument is assigned to the first. The initial value of the first argument is always returned. So if the first and third argument are ARE NOT equal, nothing happens and cachedBuilder doesn’t change. If the first and third argument ARE equal, the second argument (cachedBuilder) is assigned to cachedBuilder and again, cachedBuilder doesn’t change. I can’t seem to figure out how it’s ever going to return null to indicate that it is in use. I even wrote a program simulating the first 2 options. Option 2 works exactly as I would think, but Option 1 doesn’t ever seem to want to create a new instance. Multiple calls on different threads are constantly walking all over each other. What am I missing? Thanks. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 2, 2014 at 5:23 am Yes, you’re right – oops! I got arguments 2 and 3 the wrong way round. Basically the idea is to replace the value with null if it was the builder that’s returned. Will fix – thanks very much for spotting it. LikeLike Reply matt says: September 2, 2014 at 10:06 pm I always write CompareExchange like this, I’ve had that same problem happen to me a few times! StringBuilder builder = Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref cachedBuilder, value: null, comparand: cachedBuilder); LikeLike Reply Thomas Levesque says: August 2, 2014 at 1:00 am According to MSDN, Volatile.Write was introduced in .NET 4.5, so it’s not an option if you want to support 3.5… LikeLike Reply Richard Tallent says: August 2, 2014 at 6:29 am I have a slightly out-of-band question — since you’re trying to optimize, have you tested initializing the StringBuilder with a longer capacity? Simple date/time formats aren’t an issue, but longer formats like ISO 9660 will bust through the 16-character StringBuilder default and force an ExpandByABlock call. Depending on the format string you’re using for testing, this might even have an impact on the test results. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 2, 2014 at 6:31 am Not very recently, but I think I did at one point. Worth trying again, certainly… I even have a sample template value, so I could just format that and use it as the default size. LikeLike Reply tobi says: August 2, 2014 at 10:03 am Maybe you should clear pooled stringbuilders after use so that they don’t continue to consume arbitrary amounts of memory. Or, is the buffer size always small? I’d only write back the current string builder if it was taken from the pool. If not we can save one volatile write that will also pull in the cache line and mark it dirty. It will also write to the GC card table (does that thing even exist? I think they are now using OS write watch). LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 2, 2014 at 11:34 am They’re always small, in reality. But yes, they could be cleared after use instead of before next use. Yes, that’s definitely an option – if I ever go back to this :) LikeLike Reply barrkel says: August 2, 2014 at 11:10 pm You’re better off associating the lifetime with whoever is calling Format so that you can manage the problem at a higher level if necessary. The kind of speculative changes you posit in the post need very strong justification. Consider design changes ahead of this kind of micro-optimization where possible – this thing sounds a bit like an internal interface, or at least something that could be made to work in two different ways to accommodate backward compatibility. The cost of allocating a string builder per call should be quite low – it should just be the extra copying that’s costing you. GC shouldn’t be a problem since the object is neither large nor dies in middle age. Going with a pooling approach requires more than a demonstrated benefit in a micro-benchmark, where GC costs aren’t amortized across real life work, it needs to be a reported real-world performance problem, reproduced by more than one entity. And even then, an alternate approach – where you let your callers hand you a StringBuilder or TextWriter or similar – is still better. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 3, 2014 at 6:59 am Unfortunately, trying to get performance measures for “real life work” is pretty tricky for an open source project – we’re working in the dark, to a large extent. I’m aware of BCL parsing and formatting speed causing issues in a previous project, but I haven’t actually worked on any projects using Noda Time, so I’m somewhat removed. I generally agree with all your points – although I’d say we’ve already done quite a lot of the design work for optimizations. (Noda Time 2.0 is massively faster than 1.x in general due to some significant rearchitecture.) I do like the idea of allowing a StringBuilder to be passed in though – we’ve already got that as a “partial pattern” which isn’t exposed everywhere, but it should be trivial to make that more widely available… LikeLike Reply barrkel says: August 2, 2014 at 11:14 pm I should add that it is in principle very possible for a future CLR to perform escape analysis, see that the StringBuilder doesn’t escape this call, and compose the finally returned string object in place. That kind of optimization could be a big potential win to a lot of end-user programs that do a lot of string generation. If you did all this work without concrete reasons, you’ll have harmed the codebase in the medium term. LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 3, 2014 at 7:00 am General point taken – but in this case the StringBuilder is passed to a somewhat-arbitrary delegate (from the CLR’s perspective) so I doubt that the escape analysis could actually do anything. LikeLike Reply Jeroen Frijters says: August 3, 2014 at 6:37 am I wanted to comment to warn against optimizatons like this, but see that barrkel already made all the points I wanted to make (in a much better way). LikeLike Reply vraikov says: August 4, 2014 at 6:14 am In solution 1 wouldn’t Interlocked.CompareExchange throw an exception if the first argument is null? at least MSDN says so… LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: August 4, 2014 at 6:26 am Yes, but it never would be null… it’s always going to refer to the cachedBuilder variable. It doesn’t matter if the value of the variable is null – it’s just saying it can’t be a null pointer, i.e. you can’t try to modify a variable that doesn’t exist. LikeLiked by 1 person Reply Pingback: The Morning Brew - Chris Alcock » The Morning Brew #1665 Pingback: Object Pooling - The Daily Six Pack: August 5, 2014 Joseph says: August 6, 2014 at 5:48 pm Hey, while reflecting String.Join I accidentally came across Microsoft’s StringBuilderCache. They use ThreadStatic. http://referencesource.microsoft.com/#mscorlib/system/text/stringbuildercache.cs LikeLiked by 1 person Reply Ben Voigt says: October 16, 2014 at 9:41 pm I haven’t spent a lot of time analyzing it, but I think you just want Interlocked.Exchange when checking out the builder object from the cache, not CompareExchange. LikeLiked by 1 person Reply Joseph says: October 17, 2014 at 12:13 am You’re right, and it introduces a bug. I explained below (accidentally; wish I could delete my own comment using my phone). I caused the bug to appear by testing with 26 threads. Each thread wrote a single character, waited for 10 ms, and checked to make sure the length was exactly 1 before checking the builder back in. It failed within seconds; two threads had indeed obtained the same instance and written into it. On the second run, it failed after fifteen seconds. Another thread had cleared the buffer right before the length was measured. I also showed that, often, cachedBuilder != Volatile.Read(ref cachedBuilder) at the top of the method. Changing to Ben Voigt’s suggestion prevents the entire issue. Locks would have solved the staleness easily enough. The things we do (and will continue to do) to be efficient! LikeLike Reply jonskeet says: October 17, 2014 at 6:10 am Thanks. I’ll need to look at this explanation in more detail after I’ve had some coffee, but I’m fixing the post now :) LikeLike Reply Joseph says: October 16, 2014 at 11:41 pm Oh, good catch. According to theory it’s actually possible the code could be buggy. The read of cachedBuilder, right before the CompareExchange call, might be stale and hold a value that is neither null nor the current value at the ref address. Net effect: exchange is not done because the stale instance does not match the current instance, but the current instance is returned anyway. This could allow two threads to obtain the same StringBuilder instance. To fix the staleness problem, should be Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref cachedBuilder, null, Volatile.Read(ref cachedBuilder)) – or more efficiently and without the race condition, Interlocked.Exchange(ref cachedBuilder, null). Terse stuff. LikeLike Reply Pingback: What is SteppedPattern? \| DL-UAT Leave a Reply Cancel reply Enter your comment here... Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: Email (required) (Address never made public) Name (required) Website You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Google account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Twitter account. ( Log Out / Change ) You are commenting using your Facebook account. ( Log Out / Change ) Cancel Connecting to %s Notify me of new comments via email. Notify me of new posts via email. Δ Categories async Benchmarking Book reviews Books C# C# 4 C# 5 C# 6 C# 8 CSharpDev CSharpDevCenter Design Diagnostics Eduasync Edulinq Evil code General Google Java LINQ Noda Time Parallelization Performance Protocol Buffers Speaking engagements Stack Overflow Uncategorized V-Drums Versioning Wacky Ideas
0.960243	Cooking alcohol over a roaring fire doesn't sound like a good idea, but mezcal liquor wouldn't exist without some brave soul who tried it. Originating in Mexico, it has been a local drink for years but is now gaining popularity abroad. How is it made? Mezcal comes from the agave plant. The agave core is cut out, placed in a pit and roasted over charcoal and wood, which is where the traditional smoky flavor comes from. Some entrepreneurial distillers now use ovens to make modernized versions. Whichever process is used, the distilled agave liquor is then aged in oak barrels. Different types of mezcal have different aging timeframes. For example, añejo is aged for a minimum of one year, reposado can be aged for up to one year and joven mezcal is aged for a mere two months at most. Either way, you end up with a deliciously smoky liquor that is perfect on its own or in your favorite cocktail recipes. Is it the same as tequila? Tequila is classified as mezcal, but mezcal is not tequila. The production and distillation processes are different. For example, agave for tequila is steamed, while agave for mezcal is roasted before it's turned into distilled liquor. More than that, Blue Weber agave is the only acceptable form of agave for tequila production and is grown in a different part of Mexico than the variety used for mezcal. ARE THERE DIFFERENT VARIETIES? Absolutely! Mezcal can be created from over 30 varieties of agave, which means it can have different tastes. The most common type of agave used for mezcal is Espadín. Flavor profiles depend on how the agave is cooked but can range from floral to citrus to earthy to fruity. However, all mezcals have a smoky flavor. You'll also notice different flavors based on the age of the mezcal - these all have different names: Blanco: aged for up to two months Reposado: aged up to 12 months Añejo: aged for at least one year Which type should you drink? If you've never had mezcal before, don't go into it expecting it to be like tequila. Start with an Espadin variety and drink it slowly. Usually, an orange slice and some salt sit on top in the most traditional form of this alcoholic liquor, but mezcal can also be mixed in a cocktail as the liquor of choice. Mezcal isn't made for drinking quickly so take your time sipping, and let the flavors roll over your palate. Browse Driz for mezcal, or search for Drizly in your city and look for liquor stores on Drizly near you.
0.999926	When it comes to white wines, there are many varieties to choose from and all have different acidities, flavor profiles and tannin levels. Buckle up and get ready for a wild ride, because there are so many varieties that you might get whiplash. SWEET WHITE WINE VARIETALS Riesling wine is a fruity, sweet and crisp white that originates from Germany but is now grown throughout the world. These can be both sweet and dry, depending on where they're grown. Then, you have moscato, which is even sweeter than a riesling and is often used as a dessert wine. Gewürztraminer: ginger, grapefruit Moscato: pear, honeysuckle, lemon Riesling: green apple, lime POPULAR DRY WHITE WINES On the drier side of things, you can't go wrong with a classic pinot grigio. Grown in Northern Italy, pinot grigio is a popular option and comes with a refreshing, dry taste with hints of sweetness and zest. There is also sauvignon blanc, and it can come in an array of flavors from fruity to zesty. There's a secret to sauvignon blanc, which is the inclusion of herbaceous flavors that create grassy tones. As a dry variety, this wine sets off cheese and herbs wonderfully. Looking for something light bodied and dry? Try one of these: Chenin blanc: yellow apple, pear, honey Chablis: citrus, pair Pinot grigio: white peach, lemon Muscadet: lime, green apple, brine Sauvignon blanc: grapefruit, green apple, honeydew melon FULL-BODIED WHITE WINES Looking for something that's a little more full-bodied and robust? Try a chardonnay. Usually pale to dark golden in color, chardonnay can be fruity or citrusy depending on where the grapes are grown. Chardonnays have a reputation for being what people call 'buttery' or oily. This is thanks to wood barrel aging. When a chardonnay is aged in steel - it actually has a more similar flavor to a sauvignon blanc. Here's a few suggestions of full bodied white wines: Chardonnay: butter, vanilla, yellow apple Viognier: peach, mango, citrus Muscat: citrus, pear, honeysuckle WHITE WINE BLENDS You've heard of red blends but you can also make a white wine blend. White wine blends can be difficult to come by, but are certainly worth the journey. Two classic white wine grapes that are often blended together are the semillon and sauvignon blanc grapes. WHAT CAN YOU PAIR IT WITH? White wine can be paired with many different foods, but the general rule of thumb is to have it chilled and keep it away from red meat. Feel free to match your bottle of chardonnay with seafood or creamy risotto. You can also try a pinot grigio with antipasto or seafood. Round off your dinner of spicy Indian curry with a riesling. No matter which side of the wine battle, red or white, you stand on, you can't deny that white varieties are versatile and interesting. Shop Driz or see click these links to search for Drizly in your city, and look for liquor stores on Drizly near you.
0.948143	Main article: History of the Maldives § Early Age. The first Maldivians did not leave any archaeological artifacts. Their buildings were probably built of wood, palm fronds and other perishable materials, which would have quickly decayed in the salt and wind of the tropical climate. Moreover, chiefs or headmen did not reside in elaborate stone palaces, nor did their religion require the construction of large temples or compounds. Comparative studies of Maldivian oral. Geography Ancient history and settlement. The Maldives consists of 1,192 coral islands grouped in a double chain of 26 atolls, along the north-south direction, spread over roughly 90,000 square kilometres (35,000 sq mi), making this one of the world’s most dispersed countries. It lies between latitudes 1°S and 8°N, and longitudes 72° and 74°E. The atolls are composed of live coral reefs and sand bars, situated atop a submarine ridge 960 kilometres (600 mi) long that rises abruptly from the depths of the Indian Ocean and runs north to south.
0.999999	Cross section of geometric figures of various shapes. The parallelepiped section is always a rectangle or square. It has a number of options that can be found analytically. Related articles: How to find the cross section of the parallelepiped How to build section How to find the diagonal of a parallelepiped How to build a cross-section of a parallelepiped Instruction 1 Using a box can hold four sections, which are squares or rectangles. He has two diagonal and two cross-sections. They usually have different sizes. The exception is the cube, which are the same. Before you build section of the box, make a representation that represents this figure. There are two types of parallelepipeds - normal and rectangular. Conventional parallelepiped facets are at an angle to the base, they are rectangular and perpendicular to it. All faces of a rectangular parallelepiped are rectangles or squares. It follows from this that a cube is a special case of a rectangular parallelepiped. 2 Any section of a parallelepiped has certain characteristics. The main ones are area, perimeter, length of the diagonals. If the conditions of the problem known to the parties section, or any other parameters, this is enough to find its perimeter or area. The parties determined also diagonal sections. The first of these parameters - the area of the diagonal section. To find the area of the diagonal section, you need to know the height and base side of the parallelepiped. If the length and width of the base of the box, then find the diagonal by using the Pythagorean theorem: d=√a^2+b^2. Finding the diagonal and knowing the height of a cuboid, calculate the cross-sectional area of a parallelepiped: S=dh. 3 The perimeter of a diagonal cross-section is also possible to calculate two values - the diagonal of the base and the height of the parallelepiped. In this case, first find the two diagonals (upper and lower grounds) by the Pythagorean theorem, and then fold over with double height. 4 If we draw a plane parallel to the edges of the parallelepiped, it is possible to obtain the cross-section is rectangle, the sides of which are one side of the base of the box and height. The area of this section find the following: S=ah. The perimeter of this section find in the same way according to the following formula: p=2*(a+h). 5 The latter case occurs when the section passes in parallel to the two bases of the parallelepiped. Then its area and perimeter equal to area value and the perimeter of the grounds, ie:
0.993678	Remove quotes around phrases to search for each word individually. bike shed will often show more results than "bike shed".
0.952744	Norman Percevel Rockwell (February 3, 1894 – November 8, 1978) was an American painter and illustrator. His works have a broad popular appeal in the United States for their reflection of American culture. Rockwell is most famous for the cover illustrations of everyday life he created for The Saturday Evening Post magazine over nearly five decades. Among the best-known of Rockwell's works are the Willie Gillis series, Rosie the Riveter, The Problem We All Live With, Saying Grace, and the Four Freedoms series. He is also noted for his 64-year relationship with the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), during which he produced covers for their publication Boys' Life, calendars, and other illustrations. These works include popular images that reflect the Scout Oath and Scout Law such as The Scoutmaster, A Scout is Reverent and A Guiding Hand, among many others. Norman Rockwell was a prolific artist, producing more than 4,000 original works in his lifetime. Most of his works are either in public collections, or have been destroyed in fire or other misfortunes. Rockwell was also commissioned to illustrate more than 40 books, including Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn as well as painting the portraits for Presidents Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, and Nixon, as well as those of foreign figures, including Gamal Abdel Nasser and Jawaharlal Nehru. His portrait subjects included Judy Garland. One of his last portraits was of Colonel Sanders in 1973. His annual contributions for the Boy Scouts calendars between 1925 and 1976 (Rockwell was a 1939 recipient of the Silver Buffalo Award, the highest adult award given by the Boy Scouts of America), were only slightly overshadowed by his most popular of calendar works: the "Four Seasons" illustrations for Brown & Bigelow that were published for 17 years beginning in 1947 and reproduced in various styles and sizes since 1964. He painted six images for Coca-Cola advertising. Illustrations for booklets, catalogs, posters (particularly movie promotions), sheet music, stamps, playing cards, and murals (including "Yankee Doodle Dandy" and "God Bless the Hills", which was completed in 1936 for the Nassau Inn in Princeton, New Jersey) rounded out Rockwell's œuvre as an illustrator. Rockwell's work was dismissed by serious art critics in his lifetime. Many of his works appear overly sweet in the opinion of modern critics, especially the Saturday Evening Post covers, which tend toward idealistic or sentimentalized portrayals of American life. This has led to the often-deprecatory adjective, "Rockwellesque". Consequently, Rockwell is not considered a "serious painter" by some contemporary artists, who regard his work as bourgeois and kitsch. Writer Vladimir Nabokov stated that Rockwell's brilliant technique was put to "banal" use, and wrote in his book Pnin: "That Dalí is really Norman Rockwell's twin brother kidnapped by Gypsies in babyhood". He is called an "illustrator" instead of an artist by some critics, a designation he did not mind, as that was what he called himself. In his later years, however, Rockwell began receiving more attention as a painter when he chose more serious subjects such as the series on racism for Look magazine. One example of this more serious work is The Problem We All Live With, which dealt with the issue of school racial integration. The painting depicts a young black girl, Ruby Bridges, flanked by white federal marshals, walking to school past a wall defaced by racist graffiti. This painting was displayed in the White House when Bridges met with President Barack Obama in 2011. Search for more Norman Rockwell tems at AMAZON. Norman Rockwell's Treasury for Fathers by Norman Rockwell Family Agency Inc., Susan Homer (Editor) – Hardcover: 224 pages; Harry N. Abrams (May 14, 2013) In the tradition of the bestselling Norman Rockwell’s Christmas Book and Norman Rockwell’s Spirit of America, this third book in Abrams’ Norman Rockwell series will focus on “dear ol’ Dad.” Like the previous books in the series, it pairs Rockwell’s illustrations with songs, poetry, short stories, and excerpts from novels, all of which convey the spirit of fatherhood. Norman Rockwell's Spirit of America by Susan Homer – Hardcover: 224 pages; Harry N. Abrams (Oct 1, 2011) Norman Rockwell’s Spirit of America is an original collection of Rockwell paintings accompanied by classic American poems, stories, and songs that showcase the true spirit of America. In the tradition of the bestselling Norman Rockwell’s Christmas Book, this compilation features Rockwell’s beloved illustrations of American towns, families, and more, all culled from the extensive Rockwell archive. Norman Rockwell: 332 Magazine Covers by Christopher Finch – Hardcover: 376 pages; Abbeville Press (Oct 1, 1997) Rockwell helped preserve American myths, but, more than that, he recreated them and made them palatable for new generations. His function was to reassure people, to remind them of old values in times of rapid change. Norman Rockwell: Artist and Illustrator by Thomas S. Buechner – Hardcover: 328 pages; Harry N. Abrams (Sep 1, 1996) Outstanding reproductions of more than six hundred of Rockwell's finest illustrations and paintings highlight a close-up look at the artist and his graphic record of nearly sixty years of American social history. Norman Rockwell's World of Scouting by William Hillcourt – Hardcover: 157 pages; Harry N. Abrams; 1st edition (Nov 1, 1977) Rockwell's sixty-year association with the Boy Scouts of America is revealed in paintings and drawings of jamborees, camping and hiking trips, fund-raising drives, craft demonstrations, and parades. The Norman Rockwell Treasury by Thomas S. Buechner – Hardcover: 216 pages; Galahad Books; Reissue edition (Sep 1, 2004) Thomas S. Buechner, a distinguished former director of the Brooklyn Museum, examines Rockwell’s style, technique, and development, placing him in perspective as an important force in 20th-century art. Rockwell by Karal Ann Marling – Hardcover: 96 pages; Taschen (Mar 3, 2020) This book brings together key paintings and illustrations from his celebratory and sunny portfolio, as well as some more unusual works tackling the underside of the United States, to understand an integrally American artist, and the values and ideals that shaped his success. Norman Rockwell's Christmas Book by Molly Rockwell – Hardcover: 222 pages; Harry N. Abrams (Sep 30, 1993) A collection of stories, poems, and carols by William Shakespeare, Ogden Nash, Hans Christian Andersen, Robert Frost, Langston Hughes and others complement the paintings of Norman Rockwell. Norman Rockwell and the Saturday Evening Post by Starkey Flythe, Donald Stoltz, Marshall Stoltz – Hardcover: 672 pages; Fine Communications (Jul 1, 1997) This is a stunning collection of Norman Rockwell illustrations from The Saturday Evening Post from 1916-1971. There are 323 treasured Saturday Evening Post covers reproduced in their original full size and full color. Who Was Norman Rockwell? by Sarah Fabiny, Who HQ, Gregory Copeland (Illustrator) – Paperback: 112 pages; Penguin Workshop (Apr 2, 2019) Best Seller Over the course of his lifetime, he painted 322 covers for the Saturday Evening Post. Of his work, he has said: "Maybe as I grew up and found the world wasn't the perfect place I thought it to be, I consciously decided that if it wasn't an ideal world, it should be, and so painted only the ideal aspects of it." Norman Rockwell's Christmas Book by Norman Rockwell – Hardcover: 224 pages; Abrams Books; Revised, updated edition (Nov 1, 2009) Best Seller Originally published by Abrams in 1977, Norman Rockwell's Christmas Book is a holiday classic that has remained a bestselling family treasure for over 30 years. With over 85 images from Norman Rockwell's archive of art, this fully redesigned edition brings a fresh, contemporary appeal to the original vintage volume. Best of Norman Rockwell by Tom Rockwell – Hardcover: 136 pages; Running Press Adult; New edition (Sep 27, 2005) Norman Rockwell's son, Tom, has put together the absolute finest collection of his father's bounteous body of work, illustrations that bespeak the golden glow of pre- and post-WWII Americana. Rockwell senior, who said he depicted life “as I would like it to be,” chronicled iconic visions of American life: the Thanksgiving turkey, soda fountains, ice skating on the pond, and small-town boys playing baseball-not to mention the beginning of the civil rights movement. Now, the best-selling collection of Rockwell's most beloved illustrations, organized by decade, is available in a refreshed edition. With more than 150 images-oil paintings, watercolors, and rare black-and-white sketches--this is an uncommonly faithful Rockwell treasury. Norman Rockwell & the Saturday Evening Post by Marshall Stoltz, Donald Stoltz – Author interviews, book reviews, editors' picks, and more. Norman Rockwell's American Fisherman by Rh Value Publishing – Hardcover: 125 pages; Crescent (Apr 1, 1990) 125 pages, fully illustrated. Norman Rockwell: Pictures for the American People by Norman Rockwell, Maureen Hart Hennessey, Judy L. Larson – Hardcover: 200 pages; Harry N. Abrams; 1st edition (Nov 1, 1999) A companion volume to the first major traveling exhibition of Norman Rockwell's work includes analysis by major art historians, culture critics, and psychologists, as well as 120 illustrations from the master illustrator of Americana. Capturing the Moment in Oils by Sara Jackson – Paperback: 64 pages; Dover Publications (March 17, 2017) Best Seller Thirty-one illustrations by Norman Rockwell appear in all their heartwarming glory in this classic and collectible coloring book. Handpicked from the hundreds of covers that the American legend created for The Saturday Evening Post, these ready-to-color pictures recapture the bliss of bygone days. Telling Stories: Norman Rockwell from the Collections of George Lucas and Steven Spielberg by Virginia Mecklenburg, Todd McCarthy – Hardcover: 252 pages; Harry N. Abrams; 1st edition (Jul 1, 2010) Telling Stories, based on the Rockwell collections of George Lucas and Steven Spielberg, is the first book to chart the connections between Rockwell’s iconic depictions of American life and the movies Norman Rockwell: Behind the Camera by Ron Schick – Hardcover: 224 pages; Little, Brown and Company; 1st edition (Oct 22, 2009) Norman Rockwell: Behind the Camera is the first book to explore the meticulously composed and richly detailed photographs that Norman Rockwell used to create his famous artworks. ** In order to ensure that A Stroke of Genius receives credit for your order you will need to start your shopping session from our book pages. Any qualifying item you place in your shopping cart within 24 hours following your entry from A Stroke of Genius will be credited to us if the purchase is made within 90 days. Credit will not be given for items already in your cart from a previous visit. DISCLAIMER: There are many books where Amazon does not have a cover image and we have searched the web to find one. We have made every effort to accurately represent books and their covers. However, we are not responsible for any variations from the cover displayed.
0.999049	West Brom have been struggling to register winning form in the last few weeks, failing to take three points from their last three games. Valerien Ismael’s side were expected to return to the Premier League with ease, but Fulham and Bournemouth’s form has been undeniable, creating a significant gap of seven points between the two automatic qualifying spots and the Baggies. One player who plays a crucial part in the team’s system, offering consistency and quality, is goalkeeper, Sam Johnstone. The goalkeeper has been with West Brom since 2018, with 149 appearances and has gained the attention of many established Premier League clubs. According to The Dialy Mail, Johnstone is a prime target for Tottenham Hotspur, with 35-year-old Hugo Lloris coming to the end of his contract this season. The goalkeeper has not only received attention at club level, but was also called up to the England squad for Euro 2020. Despite not playing a game, the 28-year-old has remained part of Gareth Southgate’s plans and has gained three international caps this year, including squad appearances in World Cup 2022 qualifiers. Do you think Johnstone will leave in the summer? Yes Vote No Vote The £7.2m-rated titan is out of contract in the Summer and there has been a lot of talk on his future, including West Brom potentially cashing in on the keeper in January, which could be a huge mistake in the campaign for West Brom to gain promotion this season. The West Brom boss had spoken out at the beginning of the season about the in-demand goalkeeper and his contract; “He came back early from his holiday – which is a sign,” Ismael told. “I have spoken with him and the feeling is that Sam is happy to be back, for sure. “We know the situation with him, but he’s given – completely – another feeling. You can see he is a big professional.” As the side are currently struggling to make their impact on a title challenge and moving further back in the race for automatic promotion, it would not seem wise to cash in on the goalkeeper in January, but to hold down the player until, at least, the end of his contract, and re-explore opportunities to potentially keep hold of him should they be in a more attractive position in the league in the new year. The cost of not being promoted back into the Premier League is far greater than the cost of losing, arguably, the best player at the club and Ismael should do whatever it takes to keep their greatest asset at the club until the summer, at the very least. After all, if he does go, it could prove disastrous at the Hawthorns. Albion face Nottingham Forest on Friday and will be hoping to secure a crucial three points from the game at home. In other news: Kipre drops a shocker against Blackpool Source link Categories Football Post navigation Rangers news LIVE as Van Bronckhorst talks with Goldson on ‘hunger’ remarks and says fans will notice changes vs Sparta Gus Poyet urges Chelsea to sign Sevilla star Jules Kounde Leave a Comment Cancel reply Comment Name Email Website Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Search Search Recent Posts Graham Potter: ‘My friends don’t care about the Premier League – about this nonsense’ \| Brighton & Hove Albion UK start time, live stream, TV channel, Arsenal vs Chelsea ticket info Excitement building ahead of Harriers’ big Cup clash Tuchel ‘promised’ Chelsea summer signing ‘prominence’ during the summer Manchester City fans react as Newcastle, West Ham reportedly eye Ake Recent Comments No comments to show. © 2021 Football News • Built with GeneratePress Privacy Policy Terms Of Use About Us Contact `; let closeButton= `x`; let doc=' '+message+' '+closeButton+' '; document.body.insertAdjacentHTML('afterbegin', doc); document.cookie = cookiename + "=y; expires=Sun, 18 Dec 2072 20:47:11 UTC; path=/"; } })();
0.999997	Swipe your finger to guide a snake of balls and break the bricks. Try to break as many bricks as possible. Get additional balls and make the biggest snake ever! Very easy to play but very hard to reach high scores! Game Features - Free to play - Endless gameplay - Simple swipe control - Challenge your friends with the best highscore Instructions on how to play the game: Game Features - Free to play - Endless gameplay - Simple swipe control - Challenge your friends with the best highscore
0.999984	Patrick Mahomes signs record deal, the NHL gets ready to skate again, Microsoft looks at Warner Bros. gaming, and leagues announce coronavirus test results. Cashing In Photo Credit: Robert Deutsch-USA TODAY Sports Super Bowl MVP Patrick Mahomes now has the largest contract in sports history, signing a 10-year extension with the Kansas City Chiefs worth up to an estimated $503 million. The new deal will go into effect in 2022 as Mahomes currently has two years and $27.6 million left on his existing contract. The $150 million in guaranteed money, however, is less than MLB players Mike Trout, Bryce Harper, Manny Machado, and Gerrit Cole will receive. Trout, the 28-year-old Los Angeles Angels outfielder, previously had the largest contract after signing a 12-year, $430 million deal in March 2019. MLB players dominate the list of the largest contracts in North American sports history, with Mahomes as the only non-baseball player. Houston Rockets guard James Harden is just outside the top 10 with his four-year, $228 million deal that kicks in next season. Largest Contracts in North American History Patrick Mahomes – 10-year, $503 million (July 2020) Mike Trout – 12-year, $426.5 million (March 2019) Bryce Harper – 13-year, $330 million (February 2019) Giancarlo Stanton – 13-year, $325 million (November 2014) Gerrit Cole, 9-year – $324 million (December 2019) Manny Machado – 10-year, $300 million (February 2019) Alex Rodriguez – 10-year, $275 million (December 2007) Nolan Arenado – 8-year, $260 million (February 2019) Alex Rodriguez – 10-year, $252 million (December 2000) Miguel Cabrera – 8-year, $248 million (March 2014) Back On The Ice Photo Credit: Nick Turchiaro-USA TODAY Sports The NHL and NHL Players Association have agreed to protocols to open training camps and resume the season in Toronto and Edmonton. A new six-year Collective Bargaining Agreement extension was also agreed upon. Among The Details: — Teams will have 52 people in the bubble, including owners, players, coaches, executives and staff. Each team also needs at least one physician, one compliance officer, and one content creator/social media member. — COVID-19 testing will occur daily for everyone in the team bubble, but also any people who might come into contact with them like hotel housekeeping and bartenders. That could be more than 2,000 tests daily. — Both the NHL and NHLPA have the ability to postpone, delay, move or cancel games. Teams could be fined or lose a draft pick if compliance is broken and players who refuse testing will not be allowed to play. Players can opt out of playing without penalty. — Along with teams having their own designated hotel floors and access to pool and fitness areas, the NHL will plan league-approved excursions, like golfing. Player families will be able to join the bubble for the Conference and Stanley Cup Finals in Edmonton. Until then, the NHL will offer families assistance like grocery delivery and errand delivery services. SPONSORED Drive Impressions On The (Virtual) Course As the most realistic, free golf game, WGT by Topgolf has the unique ability to connect brands with passionate sports fans and drive real-time conversations through live streamed events, custom tournaments and unique brand integrations. 1.5MM monthly average users are experiencing famous courses like Pebble Beach, St Andrews, Bandon Dunes and Wolf Creek, providing an opportunity for players all over the world to connect. See what professional athletes and gamers of all skill levels are talking about and give it a try. Download it for free today on iOS, Android or Amazon devices, PC, Mac and now on Steam! Microsoft’s Next Bid Photo Credit: Warner Bros. Just weeks after Microsoft announced that it was shutting down its streaming service Mixer, the company is reportedly interested in acquiring Warner Bros.’ games division, according to The Information. The division publishes games like Mortal Kombat as well as franchises based on DC Comics like Batman, Harry Potter, and Lego. If the deal were to go through, Microsoft would significantly expand its Xbox group publishing efforts, while Warner’s parent AT&T could use the proceeds to pay down its $154 billion in debt. AT&T, however, hasn’t decided definitively to sell the gaming entity. Take-Two Interactive, Electronic Arts, and Activision Blizzard have also expressed interest in the gaming division, which could cost upwards of $4 billion. Microsoft is set to launch its latest Xbox in the coming months, which will arrive with an added focus on internally developed games, starting with Halo’s latest edition. The company’s decision to shut down Mixer stemmed from its inability to attract viewers like its main competitor, Amazon-owned Twitch — Mixer had 106 million hours watched in the second quarter while Twitch had 5 billion. It subsequently struck a deal with Facebook Gaming to transition Mixer’s viewers and streamers to that platform. Coronavirus Testing Photo Credit: Jerome Miron-USA TODAY Sports FC Dallas has pulled out of the MLS is Back Tournament, which is set to begin Wednesday. Since arriving in Orlando for the tournament last week, ten players and a coach have tested positive for COVID-19. Previously, the team’s first match against Vancouver had been postponed. Monday also brought news that reigning MLS MVP, LAFC forward Carlos Vela, will not participate in the tournament citing health risks. Around The Leagues: — MLB and MLBPA announced its first set of test results from the intake screening process as players returned to training camp. The league conducted 3,185 tests with a 1.2% positive rate, with 31 players and seven staff members testing positive. Nineteen clubs had at least one positive. — While the low positive rate was encouraging, the Washington Nationals – who had two players test positive – Houston Astros, Oakland Athletics, and Los Angeles Angels canceled or delayed workouts as they waited for their results to return. The testing frustrations could add to a growing list of players who have dropped out of this season. — The NHL has administered more than 2,900 tests – including more than 1,400 last week – to a group of 396 players that had returned to their practice facilities as of yesterday. Twenty-three of the tests have returned positive. The league is also aware of 12 players outside phase two protocol who have tested positive. — The NBA announced 25 of 341 players tested were positive last week. The Milwaukee Bucks and Sacramento Kings have shut down their practice facilities, joining the Denver Nuggets, Miami Heat, Los Angeles Clippers, and Brooklyn Nets who have done the same following test results. — As the WNBA gears up to play its season, the league said out of 137 players tested last week, seven tested positive and will remain in self-isolation until cleared by a physician. Eleven of 12 teams arrived at the IMG Academy in Florida on Monday, with the Indiana Fever delaying their arrival by five days. SPONSORED Passion That Stands Out Now more than ever, fans want to show their favorite teams how much they support them. Even if they can’t be there in-person, they are craving ways to be at the game. Cardboard Fans from Coyote Promotions allows fans to purchase cardboard cutouts of themselves that can then be placed within your stadium. These can also be easily incorporated into sponsor activations, or other promotional activities. While your revenue grows, your athletes can also look into the stands while they compete and know that until things get back to normal, someone has their back. Schedule a call with Coyote Promotions today to learn more. What We're Covering June 29 would’ve been the first day of the 2020 Wimbledon Championships. But with no tournament this year, the All England Lawn & Tennis Club is engaging fans digitally. After coronavirus-related delays, FIFA and U.S. Soccer are taking steps towards selecting the 10 U.S. cities that will host matches during the 2026 FIFA World Cup. Colin Kaepernick is adding Walt Disney Co. to his budding media portfolio following deals with publishing platform Medium and Netflix. Question Of The Day How long until an athlete from a North American league signs a contract larger than Mahomes? Less than a year 1-2 years 2+ years Never Monday’s Answer 47% of respondents said their companies use Zoom for video conferencing; 25% said Microsoft Teams; 10% said Google Hangouts; 9% said Webex; and 9% said other. Copyright © 2020 Front Office Sports. All rights reserved. 80 Pine Street Suite 3202 New York, NY 10005 If this email was forwarded to you, you can subscribe here. Advertise / Update your preferences / Unsubscribe An FOS Brand ${e.name} $${e.last_price.toFixed(2)} +${e.percentage}% ` }}) downMovers.forEach((e,i ) => { if(i < 3){ movers.innerHTML += ` ${e.symbol} ${e.name} $${e.last_price.toFixed(2)} ${e.percentage}% ` }}) } getMovement() const getStocks = async (element)=>{ const res = await fetch("https://fosapiserver.herokuapp.com/api/v1/events") const events = await res.json() console.log(events) events.forEach(i => { element.innerHTML += ` ${i.symbol} ${i.startDate} ${i.homeTeamName} (${i.homeTeamPoint}) at ${i.awayTeamName} (${i.awayTeamPoint}) Bet Now ` }); if (events.length < 1) { element.innerHTML += ` No Games Today ` } } getStocks(element).then(()=>{ let ticker = document.querySelector('.ticker') let list = document.querySelector('.ticker__list') ticker.append(list) }) } draftKings()
0.928991	AngstiBadassEi katalogissaEläimetElämäkertaEpookkiFantasiaFeelgoodFestival HitsHuumoriIdentiteettiJännitysKaupunkitilaKirjallisuusLGBTQIA+LuontosuhdeMatkaMuistiMusiikkiNaiskuviaOutoaPerhesuhteetPerustuu tositapahtumiinRakkausSeikkailuSeksiTaiteestaTechTienraivaajaUrheiluUskoVerkkonäytösYhteiskunta Kaikki asiasanat Teemat Kaikki teemat Cut to the Chase – R&A Shorts Maat Kaikki maat AlankomaatAlbaniaAlgeriaArgentiinaAustraliaBelgiaBrasiliaBulgariaChileEgyptiEspanjaEtelä-AfrikkaEtelä-KoreaGeorgiaGhanaHongkongIranIrlantiIslantiIso-BritanniaIsraelItaliaItävaltaJapaniKanadaKeniaKiinaKolumbiaKosovoKreikkaKroatiaLatviaLiettuaLuxemburgMakedoniaMarokkoMeksikoNigeriaNorjaPalestiinaPeruPortugaliPuolaQatarRanskaRomaniaRuotsiSaksaSenegalSerbiaSloveniaSuomiSveitsiTanskaThaimaaTšekkiTunisiaTurkkiUnkariUruguayVenäjäViroYhdistyneet arabiemiirikunnatYhdysvallat Tulossa myöhemmin levitykseen Katso myös Tapahtumat Elokuvat Finnish Film Affair R&A Shorts Rakkautta & Anarkiaa logo Finnish Film Affair Season FF Historia R&A-kiertue Ota yhteyttä Elokuvat Teemat Verkkonäytökset Jälkilöylynäytökset Kotimainen kilpailu Yle-elokuvat R&A:n levityselokuvat Aikataulu PDF-aikataulut Tapahtumat Liput Uutiset R&A Media Info Koronaohjeistus Henkilökunta Teatterit Turvallisemman tilan periaatteet Saavutettavuus Kumppanit Talkoolaiset Kuvagalleria 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 2011 1988-2010 Press Tiedotteet Pressbook Presskit Akkreditointi Kuvapankki Vieraat © Rakkautta & Anarkiaa 2021. 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0.992189	Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions: ☐Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425) ☐Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12) ☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b)) ☐Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c)) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Trading Symbol(s) Name of each exchange on which registered Common Stock, par value $.01 per share FCFS The Nasdaq Stock Market Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (§230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (§240.12b-2 of this chapter). Emerging growth company ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Item 7.01 Regulation FD Disclosure. On August 12, 2020, FirstCash, Inc. (the “Company”) issued a press release announcing the upsize and pricing of a private offering of $500 million of its 4.625% senior notes due 2028 (the “Notes”), representing an increase of $100 million in aggregate principal amount from the previously announced proposed offering size. The offering is exempt from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and is expected to close on August 26, 2020, subject to customary closing conditions. The Notes will be unsecured senior obligations of the Company. In addition to certain customary restricted payment baskets, the indenture that will govern the Notes will permit the Company to make restricted payments in an unlimited amount if, after giving pro forma effect to the incurrence of any indebtedness to make such payment, the Company’s consolidated total debt ratio is less than 2.75 to 1.00. The Company’s consolidated total debt ratio will be generally defined in the indenture governing the Notes as the ratio of (1) the total consolidated debt of the Company minus cash and cash equivalents of the Company to (2) the Company’s consolidated EBITDA, as adjusted to exclude certain non-recurring expenses and giving pro forma effect to operations acquired during the measurement period, for the most recently ended four full fiscal quarters for which internal financial statements are available immediately preceding the date on which such event for which such calculation is being made. Additional covenants will be materially the same to the current senior notes due 2024. The Company intends to use the net proceeds from the offering to redeem all of the $300 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s outstanding 5.375% senior notes due 2024, at a redemption price equal to 102.688% of the principal amount of the notes being redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest to, but not including, September 11, 2020, the redemption date, and to repay a portion of the Company’s revolving unsecured credit facility with the remaining proceeds, after payment of fees and expenses related to the redemption and offering. The Company is furnishing the information in this Current Report on Form 8-K to comply with Regulation FD. Such information shall not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section, and shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference into any of the Company’s filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof and regardless of any general incorporation language in such filings, except to the extent expressly set forth by specific reference in such a filing. Item 9.01 Financial Statements and Exhibits. (d) Exhibits: 99.1 Press release, dated August 12, 2020, announcing the upsize and pricing of the Notes. 104 Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document contained in Exhibit 101) 3 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized. Dated: August 12, 2020 FIRSTCASH, INC. (Registrant) /s/ R. DOUGLAS ORR R. Douglas Orr Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (As Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) 4 Exhibit Exhibit 99.1 FirstCash Announces Upsize and Pricing of $500 Million Senior Notes Due 2028 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Fort Worth, Texas (August 12, 2020) -- FirstCash, Inc. (the “Company”) (Nasdaq: FCFS) today announced that it has upsized and priced a private offering of $500 million in aggregate principal amount of senior notes due 2028 (the “Notes”), representing an increase of $100 million in aggregate principal amount from the previously announced proposed offering size. The Notes will pay interest semi-annually at a rate of 4.625% per annum payable on March 1 and September 1 of each year beginning on March 1, 2021. The Notes will be unsecured senior obligations of the Company. The offering of the Notes is expected to close on August 26, 2020, subject to the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The Company intends to use the proceeds from the offering to redeem all of the $300 million aggregate principal amount of the Company’s outstanding 5.375% senior notes due 2024 and to repay a portion of the Company’s revolving unsecured credit facility with the remaining proceeds, after payment of fees and expenses related to the redemption and offering. The Notes are being offered in a private placement, solely to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in reliance on the exemption from registration provided by Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), or outside the United States to persons other than “U.S. persons” in reliance on Regulation S under the Securities Act. The Notes have not been registered under the Securities Act or the securities laws of any other jurisdiction and may not be offered or sold in the United States absent registration or an applicable exemption from the registration requirements. This notice does not constitute an offer to sell the Notes, nor a solicitation for an offer to purchase the Notes, in any jurisdiction in which such offer or solicitation would be unlawful. Forward-Looking Information This release contains forward-looking statements, including statements about the Notes offering and the intended use of the net proceeds thereof. Forward-looking statements, as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believes,” “projects,” “expects,” “may,” “estimates,” “should,” “plans,” “targets,” “intends,” “could,” “would,” “anticipates,” “potential,” “confident,” “optimistic,” or the negative thereof, or other variations thereon, or comparable terminology, or by discussions of strategy, objectives, estimates, guidance, expectations and future plans. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by the fact these statements do not relate strictly to historical or current matters. Rather, forward-looking statements relate to anticipated or expected events, activities, trends or results. Because forward-looking statements relate to matters that have not yet occurred, these statements are inherently subject to risks and uncertainties. These forward-looking statements are made to provide the public with management’s current expectations with regard to the Notes offering and the intended use of the net proceeds thereof. Although the Company believes the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements are reasonable, there can be no assurances such expectations will prove to be accurate. Security holders are cautioned that such forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Certain factors may cause results to differ materially from those anticipated by the forward-looking statements made in this release. Such factors may include, without limitation, the Company’s ability to satisfy the conditions contained in the agreement with the initial purchasers with regard to the offering and the risks, uncertainties and regulatory developments (1) related to the COVID-19 pandemic, which include risks and uncertainties related to the current unknown duration of the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact of governmental responses that have been, and may in the future be, imposed 1 in response to the pandemic, including stimulus programs which could adversely impact lending demand and regulations which could adversely affect the Company’s ability to continue to fully operate, potential changes in consumer behavior and shopping patterns which could impact demand for both the Company’s pawn loan and retail products, the deterioration in the economic conditions in the United States and Latin America which potentially could have an impact on discretionary consumer spending, and currency fluctuations, primarily involving the Mexican peso and (2) those discussed and described in (i) the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2019 and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) on February 3, 2020, including the risks described in Part 1, Item 1A, “Risk Factors” thereof, and (ii) in the other reports filed with the SEC, including the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the periods ended March 31, 2020 and June 30, 2020. Many of these risks and uncertainties are beyond the ability of the Company to control, nor can the Company predict, in many cases, all of the risks and uncertainties that could cause its actual results to differ materially from those indicated by the forward-looking statements. The forward-looking statements contained in this release speak only as of the date of this release, and the Company expressly disclaims any obligation or undertaking to report any updates or revisions to any such statement to reflect any change in the Company’s expectations or any change in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based, except as required by law. About FirstCash FirstCash is the leading international operator of pawn stores with more than 2,700 retail pawn locations and approximately 19,000 employees in 24 U.S. states, the District of Columbia and four countries in Latin America including Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Colombia. FirstCash focuses on serving cash and credit constrained consumers through its retail pawn locations, which buy and sell a wide variety of jewelry, electronics, tools, appliances, sporting goods, musical instruments and other merchandise, and make small consumer pawn loans secured by pledged personal property. FirstCash is a component company in both the Standard & Poor’s MidCap 400 Index® and the Russell 2000 Index®. FirstCash’s common stock (ticker symbol “FCFS”) is traded on the Nasdaq, the creator of the world’s first electronic stock market.
0.988397	Harriet was born on June 14, 1811 in Litchfield, Connecticut. She grew up in a big family with five brothers and three sisters. Her mother died from tuberculosis when Harriet was just five years old. Her father, Lyman, was a minister who wanted all of his sons to be ministers as well. Harriet loved to read as a child. One of her favorite books was The Arabian Nights. She went to school at the Hartford Female Seminary where her older sister Catharine worked. Eventually, Harriet began to teach at the school as well. Moving to Ohio and Getting Married In 1832 Harriet and her family moved to Cincinnati, Ohio where her father became president of the Lane Theological Seminary. Harriet got another job teaching and began to write professionally. Harriet became close friends with Eliza and Calvin Stowe. Eliza became one of her closest friends, but soon became sick and died. After Eliza's death, Harriet and Calvin fell in love and married in 1836. They eventually had seven children together including four boys and three girls. Learning About Slavery Growing up in Connecticut, Harriet had little contact or knowledge with the reality of slavery in the Southern part of the United States. However, Cincinnati, Ohio was just across the river from Kentucky where slavery was legal. Harriet began to see firsthand how poorly slaves were treated. The more she learned, the more horrified she became. Uncle Tom's Cabin In 1851, Harriet began writing a story about slavery. She wanted to help people in the North to understand better the realities of slavery. Initially, a new portion of the story came out each week in a newspaper called the National Era. The story became very popular and the installments were published as an entire book called Uncle Tom's Cabin in 1852. The Story Uncle Tom's Cabin told the story about a kind slave named Tom. Tom is sold a few times between masters until he ends up being owned by plantation owner Simon Legree. Simon Legree is an evil man who likes to beat his slaves. Tom's kindness toward his fellow slaves only makes Simon angrier. When two women slaves escape, Simon tries to force Tom to tell him where they went. Tom refuses and is eventually beaten to death by Simon. Reaction The book became a national best seller. It was not only popular in the United States, but also around the world. People in the North who had not really thought about slavery before, began to understand just how horrible it was. Many people joined the abolitionist movement as a result of reading the book. They wanted slavery outlawed throughout the United States. The Civil War Although there were many issues and causes to the Civil War, there is no doubt that Uncle Tom's Cabin educated people on the horrors of slavery and had an impact in helping Abraham Lincoln get elected. It was certainly one of the causes that led to the Civil War. Interesting Facts About Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet met President Abraham Lincoln in 1862. Upon meeting her, Lincoln remarked "so this is the little lady who made this big war." When writing Uncle Tom's Cabin, Harriet did her own research visiting a plantation with slaves. She also met with former slaves and had them verify that the events in her story were accurate and realistic. After people in the South said that the story was inaccurate, Harriet wrote a book called A Key to Uncle Tom's Cabin where she documented the real events that occurred on which her story was based. The term "Uncle Tom" has become a epithet meaning someone who "sells out" against their own people in order to help themselves. The Uncle Tom in the book is not like this at all. He is a hero in many ways. However, the story of Uncle Tom got twisted in plays and movies until the name "Uncle Tom" became an insult. Activities Take a ten question quiz about this page. 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0.921575	Are you hoping for an unforgettable holiday season this year? Why not try a little nostalgia. Why? Studies have shown nostalgic thinking has powerful benefits to lift you up, to motivate you, to strengthen your relationships, to make you feel happy, and to make you feel content, among many other perks. Here are three amazing ways nostalgia can make this year’s holidays better and brighter: Nostalgia strengthens social bonds, positive self-regard, and positive affect You can feel a sense of belonging and closeness with others when you are nostalgic, especially during the holidays. Reminiscing about those special holiday events, parties, places, and people from your past connect you to your family and friends and reminds you of the love you have shared over the years and decades. Being nostalgic during the holidays can help you feel better about yourself as you move forward into a new year; it can ground you in who you are and where you come from and remind you of the people and traditions that shaped you. Nostalgia can also improve your emotions and mood by helping you experience happiness, positivity, and joy–three things essential for creating magical holiday experiences today. So whether you celebrate Christmas, Hanukkah, Kwanzaa, or Festivus, go ahead and think about those “days gone by” . . . The warm and fuzzy feelings that nostalgia produces can do wonders for your happiness this holiday season and for the future. Nostalgia can be used as a stress reducer and energy booster We all know that stress is bad for your mental and physical health and the holidays can be an especially stressful time for many. Nostalgia comes to the rescue by helping to reduce depression and anxiety. While nostalgia can potentially have negative consequences when the present is compared unfavorably to the past and there is unreasonable resistance to moving on, nostalgia in healthy doses can be used positively to ease stress and boost energy by calming the mind, improving mood, and creating optimism toward the future. Less stress and more energy during the holidays? Sign me up! Nostalgia strengthens a sense of meaning in life No matter your beliefs, the holiday season often prompts deep thinking about what’s important in life. Loving . . . giving . . . hoping . . . Want to feel like your time here on earth is important? That your life has meaning and your present and future are bright? Then don’t forget to look to the past! Nostalgia can help boost your connection to others, including family, friends, and even strangers. Sharing history, laughing, and even crying with others when you “remember when” and honoring the moments and traditions we share and the people we have known and the life we have created for ourselves and our families is a step toward knowing what life is really about. Simply, nostalgia can remind you of who you really are and who you want to be . . . now and in the future. So what are you waiting for nostalgia seekers? Be nostalgic about your wonderful life. Engage in nostalgic-to-be memories today for the future! Go out and celebrate your past to create better days today this holiday season! Photo Credits: Bob Rica \| Nathan Anderson \| William Stitt \| Ben White \| Yutacar \| Nikola Jelenkovic Save Save Save Share this: Facebook Pinterest Twitter StumbleUpon More Print LinkedIn Reddit Tumblr Pocket Telegram WhatsApp Skype Like this: Like Loading... Related Share this: Facebook Pinterest Twitter StumbleUpon More Print LinkedIn Reddit Tumblr Pocket Telegram WhatsApp Skype Like this: Like Loading... discoverwp energy booster happy meaning of life Nostalgia Nostalgic stress reducer video Post navigation Previous Post Music Monday: 10 Songs for Starting Over Next Post #tbt: Looking Forward to the First December Snow 8 thoughts on “Three Amazing Ways Being Nostalgic Can Brighten Your Holidays” Melanie and Todd says: November 29, 2016 at 11:24 am Great post!! Loading... Reply Nostalgia Seekers says: November 29, 2016 at 11:25 am Thank you! Looking forward to an exceptionally bright Christmas this year! Loading... Reply deannakei says: November 29, 2016 at 4:00 pm That was interesting. I never really put that much thought into it before. I am going to try and use nostalgia to cheer up some of the people around me this holiday season. Loading... Reply 200 Saturdays until Paris says: December 2, 2016 at 9:23 am Nostalgia is what gets me through the day. Ha. Ha. So happy to connect with you on #fdflinkparty I am excited to check out more of your blog! Loading... Reply thethriftychristyblog says: December 2, 2016 at 7:28 pm Thanks for this interesting post. I have never thought about being intentionally nostalgic to brighten my mood. My daughter is 14 months right now so I definitely get hit with waves on a daily basis. #fdflinkparty Loading... Reply rawsonjl says: December 3, 2016 at 2:51 am Great post! I always find that the holidays do make me nostalgic~ #fdflinkparty Loading... Reply Mary says: December 5, 2016 at 4:48 pm Great post! I never really thought about how nostalgia can affect us during the holidays. There is one down-side to being nostalgic during the holidays. While we want to remember the good times, maybe somebody has had a bad experience around the holidays and they seem to cling to those memories instead of the good ones they may have had. So while nostalgia can be great during the holidays, we need to be mindful of those who may not have those positive memories and maybe try to encourage them to find new ways to make memories. Loading... Reply Nostalgia Seekers says: December 10, 2016 at 11:00 pm Agreed, Mary! Finding new ways to make memories is something we’re trying to do, too! Loading... Reply Leave a Reply to Nostalgia Seekers Cancel reply This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed. Search for: Welcome to The Nostalgia Diaries! We hope our passion for nostalgia will help you find ways to celebrate your own past in order to create better days today. Let’s Connect! Instagram No Instagram images were found. 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0.987274	An extended Brexit transition will allow time, though not much, for a proper assessment of what the UK's national interest now are Authors Roger Liddle Author This is the ninth and final instalment in this series by Roger Liddle. For the previous pieces in this series, please click here. The Covid-19 crisis is proving so disruptive that the UK Government’s stated determination to have completed and ratified negotiations on Britain’s future relationship with the EU by 11pm on December 31st, 2020 appears quite unrealistic and probably unattainable. Some form of postponement is inevitable: The Johnson government’s objective of reaching “broad agreement” with the EU on our post Brexit relationship by end of June this year is now in the realms of fantasy. The complex processes of ratification of a trade deal by the existing December 31stdeadline require a final agreement by the negotiating parties in the early autumn. While technical negotiations may limp on, civil service resources have been switched in both London and Brussels to the handling of the COVID-19 crisis. Ministers and heads of government have no political space in the present Covid crisis to devote to resolving the outstanding clashes of position between the EU and UK. The present timetable envisages that a new regime of border controls at the Channel ports (and across the Irish Sea, in consequence of the new Northern Ireland Protocol which was the key to unlocking Boris Johnson’s Withdrawal Agreement) will be in place on January 1st, 2021. Business has been given no indication of the precise nature of these new controls, because national authorities do not know at present what form these will take. Even if business had been told what would be required of them next January, because of COVID19, business will have no time to prepare for their implementation. The pandemic is proving especially challenging for the crucial logistics sector. In the light of these facts, the British government must abandon its objective that ‘broad agreement’ on the essentials of the deal must be reached by June. It must agree an extended timetable. The simplest way to achieve this is under the terms of Article 132 of the Withdrawal Treaty, an international treaty ratified by Parliament in January this year. The Joint Committee (that is of the UK and EU established by the Treaty to oversee its application) “may, before July 1, 2020, adopt a single decision extending the transition period for up to 1 or 2 years”. The maximum extension of the transition period should now be sought for up to two years to the end of December 2022. To achieve this necessary extension of the transition period will however require an amendment to be made to the current domestic legislation that currently stipulates that no extension to the transition period should be sought. To change this deadline is a matter for the UK alone, not the EU – and it’s quite simple to achieve. The 2020 Withdrawal Act contains an exceptional ‘Henry the Eighth’ power for the government to change the terms of the Act by statutory instrument under the negative resolution procedure. This will be a painful decision for the most committed Brexiteers. The politics of the Conservative party suggest that the UK would only agree to the shortest possible postponement, if any at all. However, polling suggests a majority of the public, including over 40% of Leavers, accept the logic of extending the transition period in these deeply uncertain times [1]. The arguments for extending the transition go far beyond the simple reality that the negotiators on both sides cannot properly negotiate because of illness, travel restrictions, and the need for social distancing. The issues at stake are much more fundamental than unavoidable short-term disruption. Rather a two-year postponement is needed to consider the economic and geo-political consequences of Covid-19. These consequences are not yet fully clear, but there can be little doubt they will be monumental. An extended Brexit transition will allow time, though not much, for a proper assessment of what the national interest now requires should take place. In the light of this mid-COVID19 assessment, the government’s negotiating strategy should be adjusted to secure the best possible Brexit deal. [1] Polling report, Sunday Times, April 19th, 2020. Authors Roger Liddle Author Roger Liddle is a Labour member of the House of Lords. From 1997 to 2004 he served as special adviser on European affairs to prime minister, Tony Blair. From 2004 to 2007 he worked in Brussels, first as a member of the cabinet of trade commissioner, Peter Mandelson and then as an adviser on the future of social Europe to the president of the European commission, Jose Manuel Barroso. From 2008-10 he worked with Lord Mandelson as first secretary of state for business in paving the way for a return to a more activist industrial policy. Roger has written widely on European questions, and is currently co-chair of Policy Network, represents Wigton for Labour on the county council of his native Cumbria, and is pro-chancellor and chair of council at Lancaster University.
0.990401	BLAS (Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms) is a set of definitions of common operations on vectors and (dense) matrices. LAPACK is the Linear Algebra Package that builds on BLAS and that offers numerical algorithms such as linear system solving and eigenvalue calculations. The so-called "reference" implementations of BLAS/LAPACK are written in Fortran and can be found on http://netlib.org, but in practice you don't want to use them since they have low performance. Instead, TACC offers libraries that conform to the specification, but that achieve high performance. They are typically written in a combination of C and Assembly. Updating your makefile If your makefile contains "libblas.a" or "-lblas". Most Linux distributions indeed have a library by that name, but it will not be tuned for the TACC processor types. Instead, use one of the following libraries. MKL Intel's Math Kernal Library (MKL) is a high performance implementation of BLAS/LAPACK and several other packages. MKL is installed on TACC's Frontera, Stampede2 and Lonestar5 resources. See each resource's user guide for detailed information on linking the MKL into your code. Frontera Stampede2 Lonestar5 In general: Under the Intel compiler, using BLAS/LAPACK is done through adding the flag "-mkl" both at compile and link time. Under the GCC compiler, there is a module "mkl" that defines the TACC_MKL_DIR and TACC_MKL_LIB environment variables. What libraries you need depends on your application, but often the following works: -L${TACC_MKL_LIB} -lmkl_intel_lp64 -lmkl_sequential -lmkl_core -lpthread If you are installing PETSc, use the the following options: --with-blas-lapack-dir=${TACC_MKL_DIR} This variable is automatically defined when using the Intel compiler. If you are compiling with gcc, then you must first load the MKL module: module load mkl If you are installing software using cmake, add this flag (exact flag may differ by package): -D LAPACK_LIBRARIES=${TACC_MKL_DIR}/lib/intel64_lin/libmkl_intel_lp64.so;${TACC_MKL_DIR}/lib/intel64_lin/libmkl_core.so If paths and library names are separately specified: -D LAPACK_LIBRARY_DIRS:PATH="${TACC_MKL_LIB}" -D LAPACK_LIBRARY_NAMES:STRING="mkl_intel_lp64;mkl_sequential;mkl_core;pthread" BLIS BLIS (BLAS-like Library Instantiation Software Framework) is an open source high performance implementation of BLAS/LAPACK. It can be accessed through a module: "module load blis". You will then find the library file in $TACC_BLIS_LIB. BLIS extends the BLAS specification; for documentation see https://github.com/flame/blis. Reference BLAS/LAPACK The reference implementation for BLAS/LAPACK is written in Fortran and is very low performance. However, for debugging purposes it can be useful. You can load it with: module load referencelapack This gives access to the compiled Fortran sources from netlib.org/lapack. Goto Blas and OpenBlas Older implementations such as Goto Blas (after former TACC employee Kazushige Goto), and its offshoot, OpenBlas, are no longer maintained and should not be used. Instead, use MKL or BLIS as described above. BLAS/Lapack on Longhorn Longhorn is an IBM system, which comes with IBM's own compilers and numerical libraries. The equivalent of MKL is ESSL (Engineering and Scientific Software Library). Link ESSL into your code with:
0.999995	As the first argument passed in to connect, mapStateToProps is used for selecting the part of the data from the store that the connected component needs. Itâ€™s frequently referred to as just mapState for short. It is called every time the store state changes. It receives the entire store state, and should return an object of data this component needs. Defining mapStateToPropsâ€‹ mapStateToProps should be defined as a function: function mapStateToProps(state, ownProps?) Copy It should take a first argument called state, optionally a second argument called ownProps, and return a plain object containing the data that the connected component needs. This function should be passed as the first argument to connect, and will be called every time when the Redux store state changes. If you do not wish to subscribe to the store, pass null or undefined to connect in place of mapStateToProps. It does not matter if a mapStateToProps function is written using the function keyword (function mapState(state) { } ) or as an arrow function (const mapState = (state) => { } ) - it will work the same either way. Argumentsâ€‹ state ownProps (optional) stateâ€‹ The first argument to a mapStateToProps function is the entire Redux store state (the same value returned by a call to store.getState()). Because of this, the first argument is traditionally just called state. (While you can give the argument any name you want, calling it store would be incorrect - it's the "state value", not the "store instance".) The mapStateToProps function should always be written with at least state passed in. // TodoList.js function mapStateToProps(state) { const { todos } = state return { todoList: todos.allIds } } export default connect(mapStateToProps)(TodoList) Copy ownProps (optional)â€‹ You may define the function with a second argument, ownProps, if your component needs the data from its own props to retrieve data from the store. This argument will contain all of the props given to the wrapper component that was generated by connect. // Todo.js function mapStateToProps(state, ownProps) { const { visibilityFilter } = state // ownProps would look like { "id" : 123 } const { id } = ownProps const todo = getTodoById(state, id) // component receives additionally: return { todo, visibilityFilter } } // Later, in your application, a parent component renders: ;<ConnectedTodo id={123} /> // and your component receives props.id, props.todo, and props.visibilityFilter Copy You do not need to include values from ownProps in the object returned from mapStateToProps. connect will automatically merge those different prop sources into a final set of props. Returnâ€‹ Your mapStateToProps function should return a plain object that contains the data the component needs: Each field in the object will become a prop for your actual component The values in the fields will be used to determine if your component needs to re-render For example: function mapStateToProps(state) { return { a: 42, todos: state.todos, filter: state.visibilityFilter, } } // component will receive: props.a, props.todos, and props.filter Copy Note: In advanced scenarios where you need more control over the rendering performance, mapStateToProps can also return a function. In this case, that function will be used as the final mapStateToProps for a particular component instance. This allows you to do per-instance memoization. See the Advanced Usage: Factory Functions section of the docs for more details, as well as PR #279 and the tests it adds. Most apps never need this. Usage Guidelinesâ€‹ Let mapStateToProps Reshape the Data from the Storeâ€‹ mapStateToProps functions can, and should, do a lot more than just return state.someSlice. They have the responsibility of "re-shaping" store data as needed for that component. This may include returning a value as a specific prop name, combining pieces of data from different parts of the state tree, and transforming the store data in different ways. Use Selector Functions to Extract and Transform Dataâ€‹ We highly encourage the use of "selector" functions to help encapsulate the process of extracting values from specific locations in the state tree. Memoized selector functions also play a key role in improving application performance (see the following sections in this page and the Advanced Usage: Computing Derived Data page for more details on why and how to use selectors.) mapStateToProps Functions Should Be Fastâ€‹ Whenever the store changes, all of the mapStateToProps functions of all of the connected components will run. Because of this, your mapStateToProps functions should run as fast as possible. This also means that a slow mapStateToProps function can be a potential bottleneck for your application. As part of the "re-shaping data" idea, mapStateToProps functions frequently need to transform data in various ways (such as filtering an array, mapping an array of IDs to their corresponding objects, or extracting plain JS values from Immutable.js objects). These transformations can often be expensive, both in terms of cost to execute the transformation, and whether the component re-renders as a result. If performance is a concern, ensure that these transformations are only run if the input values have changed. mapStateToProps Functions Should Be Pure and Synchronousâ€‹ Much like a Redux reducer, a mapStateToProps function should always be 100% pure and synchronous. It should only take state (and ownProps) as arguments, and return the data the component needs as props without mutating those arguments. It should not be used to trigger asynchronous behavior like AJAX calls for data fetching, and the functions should not be declared as async. mapStateToProps and Performanceâ€‹ Return Values Determine If Your Component Re-Rendersâ€‹ React Redux internally implements the shouldComponentUpdate method such that the wrapper component re-renders precisely when the data your component needs has changed. By default, React Redux decides whether the contents of the object returned from mapStateToProps are different using === comparison (a "shallow equality" check) on each fields of the returned object. If any of the fields have changed, then your component will be re-rendered so it can receive the updated values as props. Note that returning a mutated object of the same reference is a common mistake that can result in your component not re-rendering when expected. To summarize the behavior of the component wrapped by connect with mapStateToProps to extract data from the store: (state) => stateProps (state, ownProps) => stateProps mapStateToProps runs when: store state changes store state changes or any field of ownProps is different component re-renders when: any field of stateProps is different any field of stateProps is different or any field of ownProps is different Only Return New Object References If Neededâ€‹ React Redux does shallow comparisons to see if the mapStateToProps results have changed. Itâ€™s easy to accidentally return new object or array references every time, which would cause your component to re-render even if the data is actually the same. Many common operations result in new object or array references being created: Creating new arrays with someArray.map() or someArray.filter() Merging arrays with array.concat Selecting portion of an array with array.slice Copying values with Object.assign Copying values with the spread operator { ...oldState, ...newData } Put these operations in memoized selector functions to ensure that they only run if the input values have changed. This will also ensure that if the input values haven't changed, mapStateToProps will still return the same result values as before, and connect can skip re-rendering. Only Perform Expensive Operations When Data Changesâ€‹ Transforming data can often be expensive (and usually results in new object references being created). In order for your mapStateToProps function to be as fast as possible, you should only re-run these complex transformations when the relevant data has changed. There are a few ways to approach this: Some transformations could be calculated in an action creator or reducer, and the transformed data could be kept in the store Transformations can also be done in a component's render() method If the transformation does need to be done in a mapStateToProps function, then we recommend using memoized selector functions to ensure the transformation is only run when the input values have changed. Immutable.js Performance Concernsâ€‹ Immutable.js author Lee Byron on Twitter explicitly advises avoiding toJS when performance is a concern: Perf tip for #immutablejs: avoid .toJS() .toObject() and .toArray() all slow full-copy operations which render structural sharing useless. There's several other performance concerns to take into consideration with Immutable.js - see the list of links at the end of this page for more information. Behavior and Gotchasâ€‹ mapStateToProps Will Not Run if the Store State is the Sameâ€‹ The wrapper component generated by connect subscribes to the Redux store. Every time an action is dispatched, it calls store.getState() and checks to see if lastState === currentState. If the two state values are identical by reference, then it will not re-run your mapStateToProps function, because it assumes that the rest of the store state hasn't changed either. The Redux combineReducers utility function tries to optimize for this. If none of the slice reducers returned a new value, then combineReducers returns the old state object instead of a new one. This means that mutation in a reducer can lead to the root state object not being updated, and thus the UI won't re-render. The Number of Declared Arguments Affects Behaviorâ€‹ With just (state), the function runs whenever the root store state object is different. With (state, ownProps), it runs any time the store state is different and ALSO whenever the wrapper props have changed. This means that you should not add the ownProps argument unless you actually need to use it, or your mapStateToProps function will run more often than it needs to. There are some edge cases around this behavior. The number of mandatory arguments determines whether mapStateToProps will receive ownProps. If the formal definition of the function contains one mandatory parameter, mapStateToProps will not receive ownProps: function mapStateToProps(state) { console.log(state) // state console.log(arguments[1]) // undefined } const mapStateToProps = (state, ownProps = {}) => { console.log(state) // state console.log(ownProps) // {} } Copy It will receive ownProps when the formal definition of the function contains zero or two mandatory parameters:
0.933592	In many ways 7 Wonders Duel resembles its parent game 7 Wonders as over three ages players acquire cards that provide resources or advance their military or scientific development in order to develop a civilization and complete wonders. What's different about 7 Wonders Duel is that, as the title suggests, the game is solely for two players, with the players not drafting cards simultaneously from hands of cards, but from a display of face-down and face-up cards arranged at the start of a round. A player can take a card only if it's not covered by any others, so timing comes into play as well as bonus moves that allow you to take a second card immediately. As in the original game, each card that you acquire can be built, discarded for coins, or used to construct a wonder. Each player starts with four wonder cards, and the construction of a wonder provides its owner with a special ability. Only seven wonders can be built, though, so one player will end up short. Players can purchase resources at any time from the bank, or they can gain cards during the game that provide them with resources for future building; as you acquire resources, the cost for those particular resources increases for your opponent, representing your dominance in this area. A player can win 7 Wonders Duel in one of three ways: each time you acquire a military card, you advance the military marker toward your opponent's capital, giving you a bonus at certain positions; if you reach the opponent's capital, you win the game immediately; similarly, if you acquire any six of seven different scientific symbols, you achieve scientific dominance and win immediately; if none of these situations occurs, then the player with the most points at the end of the game wins.
0.963767	While the XFL only last for a few months, it provided opportunities for running back Matt Jones and countless other players to prove they deserve a shot in the NFL. With the 2020 NFL season fast approaching, Jones could soon join some of his XFL peers at the highest level. Jones, a third-round pick in the 2015 NFL Draft, starred at the University of Florida before bouncing around the NFL with the Washington Football Team, Indianapolis Colts and Philadelphia Eagles. While he only enjoyed a five-game run in the XFL before the league folded, the NFL might now be back on Jones’ radar. NFL teams talking to XFL running back Matt Jones Jones joined the St. Louis Battlehawks before the 2020 season and quickly found a home in their backfield. The 6-foot-2, 231-pound running back often proved to be far too much for his XFL opponents. In five games with the Battlehawks, Jones racked up the second-most rushing yards (314) in the league. He found the end zone twice, once out of the backfield, while averaging 3.9 yards per carry. With training camp nearly underway and NFL players choosing to opt-out of the upcoming season, NFL Network’s Mike Garafolo reports that it could lead to an opportunity for Jones. Former Washington and #Colts RB Matt Jones, who had a solid showing in the XFL, hoping for another shot in the NFL. He’s had some communication with teams. Could be an option for teams as COVID cases/opt-outs pile up. https://t.co/WbAn65jxO0 — Mike Garafolo (@MikeGarafolo) July 30, 2020 The 27-year-old has talked with multiple teams and could be an option with more players expected to sit out this year. For clubs in need of a powerful running back who can fight for extra yards, Jones could be the ideal solution for any depth chart especially thin at running back.
0.999998	Home » Planning for College » Paying for School » Help! I need more money than the Estimated Cost of Attendance Help! I need more money than the Estimated Cost of Attendance The estimated cost of attendance usually limits student loan borrowing. However, there are a couple ways around this issue. Written By: Michael P. Lux, Esq. Last Updated: September 27, 2021 Affiliate Disclosure and Integrity Pledge Help! I need more money than the Estimated Cost of Attendance The estimated cost of attendance usually limits student loan borrowing. However, there are a couple ways around this issue. Written By: Michael P. Lux, Esq. Last Updated: September 27, 2021 Affiliate Disclosure and Integrity Pledge For most college students the Estimated Cost of Attendance functions as a cap on student aid. In some cases, the Estimated Cost of Attendance might be less than the actual cost of going to school. This situation makes paying for college far more difficult. While there are alternative loans that borrowers can pursue, the best option is usually to request an adjustment to the estimated cost of attendance. Typical student concerns about the Estimated Cost of Attendance Here is a reader email that is a fairly typical estimated cost of attendance issue: Sherpa, Hello and thank you for offering this service. I’ve recently been accepted into a graduate program at Cal State Stanislaus. The only problem is that the program is in San Francisco, but they calculate the COA for Turlock, CA where the campus is located. As such, they estimate the COA at $42,392 per year. Tuition alone is $24,500, which would leave me with $17,892 for the entire year. Rent alone would gobble up AT LEAST about $12K, leaving me with $6,000 ($500 per month) towards expenses like food and gas. That’s obviously not going to be enough. What loans can I apply for that aren’t tied to the COA? I’ve applied for a scholarship, but that would only reduce the COA, not add to the amount of money that I will live off of. Loans not tied to Cost of Attendance First, we will directly answer your question, but please be sure to read the entire response. Student loans, by definition, are based upon the cost of attendance. If you borrow money beyond the cost of attendance the loan is not technically a student loan and there are major legal implications. The short version: If you took out a loan in excess of the COA, you couldn’t take the student loan interest deduction when you are in repayment, and the loan would not have nearly the same bankruptcy limitations of student loans… meaning you would have a much higher interest rate. As a college student with no income (we assume no income based on the fact that you are looking to borrow more than the COA), getting a loan that is not a student loan will be a long shot. What you will be looking for is called a personal loan. There are many lenders that offer personal loans, but this is dangerous territory. Some offer huge interest rates at credit card levels… or even higher. Fortunately, it is also possible to have the cost of attendance adjusted. Borrowing above the Cost of Attendance The cost of attendance is often a fairly conservative estimate, meaning that there is a lot of breathing room between what a typical student actually needs to borrow and the cost of attendance. If you are concerned that you will need more than the COA, it should be a red flag. However, the cost of attendance estimation isn’t always accurate. The explanation that you are living in a different and more expensive city could explain part of it, but this problem would likely apply to everyone in the program. What have other students done about this issue? This might be a question to address with your financial aid office. Possible Solutions Borrowing more money should always be a last resort. San Francisco is a very expensive place to live. Is getting a roommate a possibility? What about living further away from campus and taking the BART (public transportation) to school? Another thing to consider is finding part-time work while you are in school. Obviously, it is a large time commitment, but the money you make at your job can be spent towards your living expenses and this income would not count against the Cost of Attendance. Raising the Estimated Cost of Attendance At many schools, the office of financial aid will consider adjusting the estimated cost of attendance. Here is an example of an estimated cost of attendance adjustment request page. If the request is granted, students can typically borrow additional student aid to pay for school. Even if the request is granted, students should use extreme caution with the additional borrowing. Before moving forward, take a moment to evaluate other options and determine whether or not the degree is worth the high price. Sherpa Tip: Under federal law, the cost of attendance should be adjusted for students with costs related to a disability or dependent care costs. The Bottom Line $40,000 is a lot of money to borrow for one year of school. If your college is telling you that it should cost no more than $42,392, you should be concerned if you can’t make that budget work. Either the school has made an error that should be fixed, or you have. While personal loans do exist and they would not count against the Cost of Attendance, this is an expensive solution to a problem that can likely be solved via other means. About the Author Student loan expert Michael Lux is a licensed attorney and the founder of The Student Loan Sherpa. He has helped borrowers navigate life with student debt since 2013. Insight from Michael has been featured in US News & World Report, Forbes, The Wall Street Journal, and numerous other online and print publications. Michael is available for speaking engagements and to respond to press inquiries. Categories Paying for School Tags cost of attendance The Latest from The Student Loan Sherpa: Six Student Loan Tips for December 2021 The Best Student Loan Refinance Rates for December 2021 Expanded Income-Contingent Repayment is Off to a Bad Start 9 thoughts on “Help! I need more money than the Estimated Cost of Attendance” L.H. October 22, 2021 at 11:24 am Hi, Mr. Lux I am in a unique situation. Two years ago I was diagnosed with breast cancer and went through all the chemo, surgeries, and radiation therapies – I’m still in cancer treatment. I haven’t been able to work due to the side effects of treatment and then the pandemic. Throughout the majority of my professional life I was a bartender and nanny. Last year I started studying cyber security through CSU Global and took out a small loan for school. Turned out, CSU Global’s curriculum was not sufficient for the certifications I needed, so I quit (also, they marked up the cost and were charging way too much for very little support, feedback, and the overall course). I then studied on my own and passed a valuable certification. I am working on a second certification and studying independently. I do not have an income and was denied for a loan recently. Are there any scholarships or grants for someone in my position? An adult female pursuing STEM, in cancer treatment, who has proven she can make the grades and get the certificates? I’m feeling quite crestfallen over here. Shame this country only gives scholarships if you’re enrolled in the overpriced college system. Reply Michael P. Lux, Esq. October 22, 2021 at 11:44 am First, let me start by congratulating you on your debt concerns while you are still getting an education. In my line of work, I mostly see people who regret their choices long after they were made. As for your question, I think you have identified several different avenues for which you may qualify for a scholarship. My advice is to seek out every opportunity you can find; which you seem to be well on your way to doing. I always tell people that the harder a scholarship is to find, the fewer people will apply, and the better your chances will be. I’d investigate national, state, and local organizations dedicated to empowering people such as yourself. I wish you the best of luck in your treatment and your studies. Reply Benjamin Wagner November 2, 2020 at 5:47 pm This is terrible advice as most college underestimate. Get a lue Reply Michael Lux November 3, 2020 at 12:08 am Hi Benjamin, Thanks for taking the time to comment. Is this an opinion of yours, or do you have a source to back that up? I did some quick research to investigate your claim and haven’t found anything to suggest that the majority of colleges underestimate. However, I’d be happy to update the article if there is anything that is not accurate. Thanks! Reply Erin Wanke September 9, 2021 at 11:56 pm Hi Michael, As a nursing student, I can assure you the COA is far lower than the actual COA at many schools. I myself am trying to figure out how in the world to pay for this program, and I have several classmates living out of their vehicles to make ends meet. The COA in each section is lower in almost every aspect. For example, we are allotted $400 for textbooks and supplies, which is insane seeming as how our book bundle alone was $1,200. We are allotted $953 for food and housing, but most apartments (even the one I lived in that did not have AC or a toilet that flushed properly for 11 months) are well over $1,000. If I could find a way to pay for school, I know I could pay off the debt, but the problem is, in the USA, a college education is nearly impossible for low income (and even many middle class) students to obtain. There are also a great deal of people in homeless shelters now due to unaffordable tuition costs and rising rents, and there is no end in sight. Please consider that the COA is not reflective of the true COA for half the students, much less a conservative estimate, because it is an average. It is actually a huge issue, especially in medical programs. Thanks, Erin Michael P. Lux, Esq. September 10, 2021 at 9:34 am Hi Erin, Thank you for taking the time to write such a thoughtful response and to share your experiences. I will reach out to some of my contacts in financial aid to get their perspective on your situation and update the article accordingly. Out of curiosity, have you requested a COA adjustment at your school? It seems to me that you make an excellent argument for an adjustment. Thanks, Michael Erin Wanke September 9, 2021 at 11:59 pm P.S. I would attach photos of the certified COA breakdown alongside the cost of tuition, rent, and books to show just how much lower it is than the actual COA, but there is no place to do so here. Michael P. Lux, Esq. September 27, 2021 at 10:53 am HI Erin, Based upon your comment I dug deeper into the accuracy of Cost of Attendance calculations. I think that you are right that there are times where the COA is unreasonably low. I still think borrowers should treat it as a red flag and make sure they are not spending too much on housing and other expenses, but if they are on a reasonable budget and it exceeds the cost of attendance, schools should adjust the COA accordingly. Thanks again for taking the time to share your thoughts and experience. krantcents July 24, 2018 at 5:24 am I suggest to my students to look for additional scholarships in the Spring of their last year. Even $500 is meaningful! The alternative is to cut your expenses which is hard to do. 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0.927183	Under cover of Covid @jkenney tells O&G he wants to move the the liability for the costs of oil & gas cleanup to the Prov & Cdn taxpayers because it is a "collective liabilitity." He is using the pandemic to transfer 100's of billions in costs to Alberta's books. #abpoli #cdnpoli O&G has been silent on @jkenney adopting the costs of orphan/abandoned well clean-up on behalf of taxpayers. @JustinTrudeau & all parties need to hear the voice of those who don't want O&G liabilities as their own. 2/3 https://bit.ly/2RCmJEb #abpoli #ableg #cdnpoli Alberta headed for 25% unemployment, Kenney says \| CBC News Alberta is on track to hit a staggering 25 per cent unemployment rate as businesses continue to shed jobs amid the global COVID-19 pandemic coupled with historically low oil prices, Premier Jason... https://bit.ly/2RCmJEb To put @jkenney's adoption of the costs for the clean-up of orphaned & abandoned wells as a "collective responsibility" into perspective, he also floated eliminating corporate taxes on the same day, and has locked in low royalties for 10 years. 3/3 #abpoli #ableg #cdnpoli You can follow @dale_oldman. Tip: mention @twtextapp on a Twitter thread with the keyword “unroll” to get a link to it. Latest Threads Unrolled: Philipp96 Philippp96 There are a lot of misconceptions about the Turkish diaspora in Germany. Since i just finished writing an essay about this topic I thought it's time to give other people Read more totumat totumat Las mejores calculadoras online en 2020A thread http://totumat.com/2020/11/26/las-mejores-calculadoras-online-en-2020/ Cuando se estudian asignaturas que requieren de cálculos complicados, nada mejor que contar con una buena calculadora. Read more Alejandro Nuñez anunezjimenez Mitigating #ClimateChange is as much about taking up new techs as about leaving others behindMost studies focus on #coal's global downfall but another #energy tech decline is loomingRead my new
0.967743	WSG Article: AML/CFT Act statutory review – Ministry of Justice calls for submissions - MinterEllisonRuddWatts log in contact join home ABOUT US By Numbers Objectives Governance Regional Councils Members Membership MEMBERS By Jurisdiction By Practice Industry By Service Industry GROUPS Industry Groups Practice Groups Private Groups Specialty Groups EVENTS Upcoming Webinars Podcasts Past Events INSIGHTS GC Insights GC Tech: North America GC Tech: Asia Pacific GC Tech: Latin America GC Tech: Europe Featured WSG Blog Member Blogs RESOURCES News & Articles Member Articles Press WSG Newsletter Latest World News Submit Article Submit Press Submit Event WSG Knowledge Center WSG Marketing Material WSG Objectives WSG Handbook WSG Brand Guidelines WSG Industry Resources Secondments Dealmakers Country Business Guides Online User Guide WSG LEARNING INSTITUTE COVID-19 HUB Global Task Force Global Alerts Webinars & Podcasts log in HOME WEBINARS NEWS SEARCH All Articles \| Back Member Articles More MinterEllisonRuddWatts Articles Share\| \| Post a comment \| Print article AML/CFT Act statutory review – Ministry of Justice calls for submissions by Lloyd Kavanagh, Lloyd Kavanagh Published: October, 2021 Submission: October, 2021 Related Articles in Government & Public Sector \| Financial Services \| Corporate & Business Commanding Transparency: The Emerging Frontier of SEC-Mandated Climate Risk Disclosures, Houston Law Review Vol. 58, Issue 1, 2020 December, 2021 Mandatory Climate-Related Disclosures – What is Required by April 2022? November, 2021 ETAB Hot News November 2020, American Bar Association, Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources, Environmental Transactions and Brownfields Committee December, 2021 Consultation on Remote Hearings November, 2021 More Government & Public Sector \| Financial Services \| Corporate & Business Aricles → Latest Firm's Press MinterEllisonRuddWatts MinterEllisonRuddWatts named Employer of Choice at New Zealand Law Awards 2021 November, 2021 Kainga Ora partners with leading banks for new shared ownership scheme for first home buyers October, 2021 Stacey Shortall and Cathy Quinn recognised as leading legal influencers in power list September, 2021 Today, the Ministry of Justice (Ministry) released the consultation document for its statutory review of the Anti-Money Laundering and Countering Financing of Terrorism Act 2009 (AML/CFT Act). The Ministry has asked for submissions, or feedback through an online questionnaire, by 5pm on 3 December 2021. This consultation is a keystone component of that statutory review, which commenced on 1 July this year as required under s 156A(1) of the AML/CFT Act. It had previously been held up by delays to the Financial Action Task Force (FATF)’s Mutual Evaluation Report of New Zealand’s anti-money laundering and countering financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) system, which was released at the end of April this year (and which we have previouslydiscussed in detail). The consultation document, as well as a summary document, the review’s terms of reference, and additional information, is onthe Ministry’s website. Who needs to read it? Why? At least, the summary document should be read by: all existing reporting entities – because this is the opportunity to influence how the regime may be made more efficient and effective; all entities which have determined they currently fall outside the coverage of the AML/CFT Act – because the consultation includes proposals for boundary changes; and others with an interest in financial inclusion and/or innovation in the financial sector – because the AML/CFT regime has a significant impact on those concerns. However, we recommend reading the consultation document as well as that is where most of the detail sits, and not all the issues make it into the summary. It would be no exaggeration to say that this review represents potentially the most significant change to the AML/CFT Act since it was passed. What does it cover? The review’s terms of reference state that the purpose and intended outcome of the review is to have “New Zealand becom[e] the hardest place in the world for money laundering, terrorism financing, and financing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction”. Fundamentally, the statutory review is targeted at: how the AML/CFT Act has operated and performed since its commencement; whether any changes to the AML/CFT Act are necessary or desirable; and recommendations made by the FATF in its latest Mutual Evaluation. This will involve looking at the AML/CFT Act itself as well as the range of instruments made under it. Supervisor guidance and individual exemptions are expressly not within its scope, although the role those play in the context of the wider regime is. The consultation document is of substantial length and detail, and we will not step through each topic in depth. However, as a broad overview, the document is divided between: institutional arrangements and stewardship (looking at the foundations and purposes of the regime); the scope of the AML/CFT Act (looking at the coverage of the regime, both in terms of captured entities and imposed obligations); supervision, regulation, and enforcement (looking at the appropriateness of the supervisory framework, the sufficiency of regulation, and the proportionality and effectiveness of available sanctions); preventive measures (looking at whether the obligations are both sufficient to prevent money laundering and terrorism financing and able to be implemented efficiently and without disproportionate compliance burdens); other issues or topics (looking at a range of specific matters that fall outside the above topics); and minor changes for clarity. The Ministry states that it may recommend changes that: address emerging areas of risk and support other government priorities; improve compliance with FATF standards following our latest Mutual Evaluation; ensure compliance costs are proportionate to risks for our economy; modernise the AML/CFT Act and our approach to reflect the digital economy; and/or avoid or mitigate unintended consequences. Our view A robust, effective, and modern AML/CFT regime is crucial for New Zealand, both in terms of domestic law enforcement and keeping in line with the march of international obligations. At the same time, the compliance obligations that entails do introduce frictions into the operation of the New Zealand economy. Ultimately, a balance must be struck between these pressures. While we are encouraged by references throughout the consultation document to: “[not] compromising the ease of doing business or unduly impacting the lives of New Zealanders”; avoiding “unintended consequences” and “serious negative effects”; and “careful[ly] balancing…the need to address the harms of money laundering and terrorism financing while ensuring that businesses can operate efficiently and innovatively”, the framing in many parts leans towards an expansion of the regime. The need for balance in practice is clearly in the minds of the Ministry, but a strong showing in the submissions would reinforce the importance of considering the burden of compliance for legitimate activities, both for reporting entities and their would-be customers. Some of the questions raised include: whether the purpose of the AML/CFT Act should shift from detecting and deterring money laundering and the financing of terrorism to actively preventing them – this would place greater responsibilities on reporting entities, and significantly reframe their position to include some elements of enforcement; what more could be done to mitigate the unintended consequences that the AML/CFT regime has on financial inclusion – this is a crucial concern, as those already vulnerable to financial exclusion can be hit hardest by more restrictive regulation, and excluded people may be pushed towards black-market financial services and counterproductively increase risk; whether the Financial Intelligence Unit should have expanded powers to request information or to freeze assets and transactions; whether there should be a registration and/or licensing regime (with associated fees) for reporting entities – this could add further complexity (and cost) to operating as a reporting entity; whether criminal defence lawyers should be subject to some AML/CFT obligations – this, as the consultation document recognises, gives rise to a range of difficult questions around proportionality of obligations and the balancing of broader financial intelligence against the sensitivities and necessary protections surrounding use of criminal defence lawyers; whether all types of virtual asset service providers should have AML/CFT obligations – this would clear up some current ambiguity in the regime; whether tax-exempt non-profits and non-resident tax charities should be included as a type of reporting entity – this, as the consultation document acknowledges, would impose significant compliance costs, and would need to be balanced against the risk of obstructing their ability to provide charitable services; whether there should be any protection or allowance for reporting entities that rely on an audit – this would allow entities greater comfort in relying on the results of their audits, as currently a supervisor may take a different view and still pursue an entity despite a clean audit record; whether the role played by AML/CFT consultants should be recognised in the AML/CFT Act; whether the range of potential penalties should be changed (primarily in terms of allowing for higher penalties in more serious cases); whether enforcement actions and penalties should be able to be applied to directors, senior managers, and/or AML/CFT compliance officers – this will naturally be of serious concern to these persons, especially given the possibility of fairly technical breaches of the AML/CFT Act; and whether there should be a change to the current address verification requirement of customer due diligence – this could clear up some existing difficulties in the application of the requirements. We anticipate that many entities will need to form into common interest groups, to consolidate their efforts in making submissions and lend them greater weight. However, the short window for submissions limits the time available for coordination and negotiating a shared position. What next? The Ministry is required by s 156A(2) of the AML/CFT Act to provide its report to the Minister of Justice within a year of commencing the review (so, by 30 June 2022). The Minister must then, under s 156A(3), table that report in the House of Representatives as soon as is practicable. The Ministry says the review is the start of a reform process and that the indicative timeframe is: 3 December 2021 – public consultation closes; February 2022 to April 2022 – further targeted consultation with the private sector and communities to form recommendations; March 2022 – advice provided to the Minister about what change can be made at an earlier stage using regulations or secondary legislation; and 30 June 2022 – the review concludes, and the report is provided to the Minister. If entities need more time to provide feedback, we recommend that they reach out to the Ministry as soon as possible, as there may be some scope for accommodation. On 20 October, we are sponsoring a Digital Identity NZ event on reliance and reuse of identity verification for AML/CFT purposes (seeDigital Identity NZ’s website). Included on the panel will be Nick Kokay, the senior policy advisor at the Ministry responsible for leading the review of the AML/CFT Act. If you have any questions in relation to the consultation document or the AML/CFT regime generally, or would like assistance with submissions, please contact one of our experts. Link to article Related Articles in Government & Public Sector \| Financial Services \| Corporate & Business Commanding Transparency: The Emerging Frontier of SEC-Mandated Climate Risk Disclosures, Houston Law Review Vol. 58, Issue 1, 2020 December, 2021 Mandatory Climate-Related Disclosures – What is Required by April 2022? November, 2021 ETAB Hot News November 2020, American Bar Association, Section of Environment, Energy, and Resources, Environmental Transactions and Brownfields Committee December, 2021 Consultation on Remote Hearings November, 2021 More Government & Public Sector \| Financial Services \| Corporate & Business Aricles → Latest Firm's Press MinterEllisonRuddWatts MinterEllisonRuddWatts named Employer of Choice at New Zealand Law Awards 2021 November, 2021 Kainga Ora partners with leading banks for new shared ownership scheme for first home buyers October, 2021 Stacey Shortall and Cathy Quinn recognised as leading legal influencers in power list September, 2021 MEMBER COMMENTS WSG Member: Please login to add your comment. Login Disclaimer Member Log In Remember Me Forgot User ID or Password? Member Search Select a Firm or Company A&L Goodbody LLP Abdullah Kh. 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0.999887	Europe has dropped back into recession. In the third quarter economic output in Europe fell by .1%. This followed a .2% drop in the second quarter for the $12 trillion European economy. Germany posted a .2% growth number but some experts expect that the larger economic crisis will also drag down Germany. According to original reporting by Reuters, Joerg Kraemer, the chief economist at Commerzbank said, “That was the last good number Germany for the time being. I don’t expect the German economy to return to decent growth rates until the middle of next year.” Similarly the French economy is also expected to be drug down by problems in the rest of Europe. Joost Beaumont of ABN Amro said, “”We expect the French economy to contract again in the final quarter of this year.” Paul De Grauwe, an economist with the London School of Economics said, “We are now getting into a double dip recession which is entirely self-made. It is a result of excessive austerity in southern countries and unwillingness in the north to do anything else.” Sign up for our daily newsletter The Day's Scoop: Your daily email briefing on all things Alabama politics. By clicking subscribe, you agree to our privacy policy. You can unsubscribe at any time. The worsening global economic conditions combined with a weak US jobs market and the fiscal cliff crisis worries US and Alabama leaders. Alabama Commissioner of Agriculture and Industries John McMillan said on Facebook of the European recession news, “Are we next?” Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas President Richard Fisher said in remarks given in Stanford, CA, “The Federal Reserve has been carrying the ball for the fiscal authorities by holding down interest rates in an attempt to stoke the recovery while the fiscal authorities wrestle themselves off the mat, but there are limits to what a monetary authority can do. Only the Congress of the United States can now save us from fiscal perdition. The Fed can’t “endlessly” keep purchasing bonds to keep the recovery going.” Meanwhile in Europe millions of workers have gone on strike to protest austerity measures which have cut European entitlements. There have been a series of well publicized suicides by people in Spain who have had their homes repossessed. Advertisement. Scroll to continue reading. Numbers show that the Dutch economy contracted by 1.1%, while Spain declined by .8% In this article:Alabama, economics, Europe Recession, fiscal cliff, John McMillan, Richard Fisher Written By Brandon Moseley Brandon Moseley is a former reporter at the Alabama Political Reporter. Advertisement Trending News CNN: Lynda Blanchard to switch to governor’s race Featured Opinion Opinion \| An optimistic pessimist? Courts Senator criticizes prosecution of Alabama mother for taking prescription while pregnant Opinion Opinion \| The maturity of negotiated independence Elections Tim James files paperwork to run for governor Congress Sen. Richard Shelby, others react to passing of Bob Dole Prisons ADOC classifies 2020 death of incarcerated man as homicide Advertisement Share Tweet DIG DEEPER Local news Woodfin sworn in for second mayoral term Before the crowd Tuesday, Woodfin pledged continued focus on city public safety and touted accomplishments from the previous term. John H. GlennNovember 24, 2021 Opinion Opinion \| Health justice for Alabama We call on the state to restore full COVID-19 funding to where it belongs — the health needs of Alabamians. Bronwen Lichtenstein, PhDNovember 24, 2021 Prisons DOJ provides court with specific details of abuse, unconstitutional conditions in Alabama prisons The amended complaint was necessary after a federal judge told the DOJ that its allegations weren't specific enough. Josh MoonNovember 23, 2021 Elections Blanchard doesn’t shy away from governor’s race rumors, Trump endorsement The Wall Street Journal reported that Trump discussed endorsing Blanchard in a race against Gov. Kay Ivey.
0.999813	This address has transacted 2 times on the Bitcoin blockchain. It has received a total of 26.46223827 BTC ($1,291,938.34) and has sent a total of 26.46223827 BTC ($1,291,938.34). The current value of this address is 0.00000000 BTC ($0.00).
0.999989	An appeal has been filed in a British Columbia Supreme Court decision that upheld public health orders banning indoor religious services in response to the outbreak of COVID-19 in the province. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck B.C. churches to appeal court decision that upheld COVID-19 restrictions The Justice Centre for Constitutional Freedoms announced Thursday it is asking for a higher court to review the decision The Canadian Press Apr. 2, 2021 8:31 a.m. News An appeal has been filed in a British Columbia Supreme Court decision that upheld public health orders banning indoor religious services in response to the outbreak of COVID-19 in the province. A statement from the Justice Centre for Constitutional Freedoms, which represents a group including three Fraser Valley churches, announced Thursday that it was asking for a higher court to review the decision. Paul Jaffe, a lawyer with the advocacy group, argued during hearings last month that the orders by provincial health officer Dr. Bonnie Henry unjustifiably infringed on his clients’ right to freedom of religion. Chief Justice Christopher Hinkson found the orders were justified and the question before the court wasn’t whether Henry struck the right balance on the infringement, but whether she acted reasonably given the information available to her. No one from the Attorney General’s Ministry was immediately available for comment on the notice of appeal. Justice Centre lawyer Marty Moore says in a statement the judge decided to “set aside the constitutional scrutiny” that applies to such laws “in favour of extreme judicial deference to an unelected bureaucrat.” “A declared public health crisis does not permit courts to neglect their constitutional obligation to ensure that government actions respect the charter rights of citizens,” he says. The notice of appeal dated March 31 seeks an order quashing Hinkson’s judgment and granting the original relief sought by the petitioners, along with costs. Henry made changes to her rules for houses of worship last week that would have allowed for services of up to 50 people in indoor settings, but reversed that decision this week as COVID-19 cases reached a new peak. Her orders now allow outdoor services under certain rules and restrictions. Jaffe has said the petitioners, which include the Riverside Calvary Chapel in Langley, Immanuel Covenant Reformed Church in Abbotsford and the Free Reformed Church of Chilliwack, had been careful to adopt safety protocols similar to those approved by Henry in places that remained open.
0.999854	Crafting a perfect REST API takes a considerable effort from the developer standpoint. Modern web applications contain REST back-ends for perform most of the actions triggered by the user. A REST based back-end provides the flexibility of using the same codebase for any sort of front-end clients such as mobile application, web application or any other embedded systems such as Raspberry Pi. In this tutorial we will focus on creating a simple REST API with the help of Spring Boot. A Spring Boot REST API provides the flexibility of exposing complex data structures and perform manipulations without writing many lines of code. Before stepping into building the REST API, if you are a beginner, please go through the Spring Tool Suite IDE setup and Spring Boot project setup guides to understand the basic setup process. Spring Boot Application structure Our REST API will follow the MVC pattern. However, the V (view) layer will be missing since in this tutorial we will not be creating any front end client to view the data that will be exposed through the API. We will split our application into conventional layers such as Controller for routing the requests, Service Layer which will contain the business logic and the DAO (Data Access Object) layer which will contain the entities and repositories for data manipulation. In this tutorial we will not connect to the database to fetch the information, instead, we will just create a Map and return the hard-coded values in a proper JSON format. The imported project will come with a based package that was specified in the Spring Initializr while it was downloaded. In our example, we mentioned the base package name as com.codetreat.demo where demo is the artifact name which has been appended to the package name. The default package com.codetreat.demo will come with the class DemoApplication.java which contains the main method and acts as the starting point of the application. The content of the DemoApplication.java file is shown below. package com.codetreat.demo; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class DemoApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(DemoApplication.class, args); } } Spring Boot Controller The Controller class acts as the router which routes the users requests to the specified business logic mentioned in the application. A controller in general controls the flow of an application by routing the requests properly and providing a response to it. In our project, we have created a new package named com.codetreat.demo.controller to save the controller class DemoController.java which is shown below. package com.codetreat.demo.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController public class DemoController { @GetMapping(value = "/") public String getInfo() { return "Hello"; } } Spring Boot Service The service class of a Spring Boot application will contain the business logic to be executed. In our example, we have created a HashMap in which we have hard-coded two values to be returned as the response for the user request. We have created the package com.codetreat.demo.service and the DemoService.java class to define the business logic.
0.999634	There's little doubt he will aim to prove Oilers brass wrong next season with whichever club is willing to give him a chance. The passage followed the intro: Whitney has had a tough time since suffering an ankle injury just after Christmas in 2010, and he was either a third-pairing defenseman or a scratch often in 2012-13. NHL.com has Ryan Whitney listed among their top 25 remaining free agents. East coast sports writers obviously didn't stay up to watch any games last season.
0.999432	The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) announced an extension of the flexibility in complying with requirements related to Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification, due to COVID-19. This temporary guidance was set to expire on August 18. Because of ongoing precautions related to COVID-19, DHS has extended this policy for an additional 30 days. August 2020 Update: ICE announces another extension to I-9 compliance flexibility July 2020 Update: ICE announces another extension to I-9 compliance flexibility, no more extensions for employers to respond to NOIs served in March March 2020 Update: DHS announces flexibility in requirements related to Form I-9 compliance International Searches: Expect delays in processing for all product lines. Education & Employment Verification: Many high schools and universities across the United States have either closed for an extended period or shifted to a virtual classroom environment. Most high schools are currently unavailable for verification Higher education verification may be delayed due to limited administrative staff Employers are more challenging to isolate with specificity as closings are fluid and being directed by state and local municipalities. Drug Screening Solutions (Labs and Clinics): LabCorp patient service centers are open for non-COVID-19 collection but there may be times where your local lab for specimen collection may experience an opening delay, shortened hours of operation or it may be closed. Please visit, www.labcorp.com/patient-service-center-closures for the most up-to-date information. Occupational Health Services: We are currently recommending candidates call the clinics before showing up to ensure the clinic is open and able to perform services. Update on Wearing Masks: Concentra: In an effort to protect the Concentra staff and patrons, Concentra is requiring masks be worn in all their medical centers effective, April 20, 2020 until further notice. Concentra is encouraging donors to wear their own masks. If donors arrive without a mask, the facility will attempt to provide a mask. However, their supply is limited, and this is not a guarantee. If the donor refuses to wear a mask, they will be asked to leave the facility. This measure is being implemented for everyone’s safety and well-being. Quest: Quest Diagnostics Patient Service Centers (PSC) will be requiring donors to wear masks – mask/face covering such as a bandana, scarf, or handmade mask. There will be a no-contact forehead temperature check upon entry. Any donor with a temperature greater than 100.3 or without a mask will be turned away. Quest Patient Service Centers cannot supply masks to patients/donors who present without them. They will be graciously instructing them that it is a requirement. Fingerprinting: Orders can be placed again. The majority of The UPS Store locations are now available to support fingerprinting screening requirements. While all locations plan to resume normal operations, The UPS Store corporate policy also provides individual stores with the right to opt-out, if they are uncomfortable performing fingerprinting. To mitigate risks and save time, we are advising candidates to call their local UPS store prior to visiting. Motor Vehicle Driving History: At this time there is no disruption in service but some status with manual processing requirements may be delayed. We are taking reasonable precautions during the ongoing COVID-19 outbreak to help maintain business and operational continuity. We are in close contact with our key suppliers and vendors, and we have resiliency plans to help us address the impact on our supply chain or logistics. We will provide more information as necessary in the event of any supply chain or logistics issues that may affect candidates or customers.
0.999997	Rocznik Orientalistyczny (Yearbook of Oriental Studies) is a semi-annual journal devoted to linguistics, literature, history, culture, religion as well as societies of Asia and Africa. Many publications are editions of texts written in Oriental fonts. Articles are published in English, German, French or Russian with summaries in English. There is no word limit for the article but it should be concise. Rocznik Orientalistyczny (Yearbook of Oriental Studies) is a highly esteemed journal in the field, one of the oldest in the world, and the oldest in Poland (it was founded in 1914). Scoring assigned by the Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education: 70 points ISSN ISSN 0080-3545 Publishers The Committee of Oriental Studies of the Polish Academy of Sciences and The Publishing House ELIPSA Since its launch in 1914 Rocznik Orientalistyczny (Yearbook of Oriental Studies), a semi-annual double-blind review journal has established a reputation for publishing original articles, as well as book reviews, on the Middle East, Asia, and Africa. The Journal provides high-quality academic research on the history, religions, art, culture, languages and literature of these regions. The approach is interdisciplinary, combining perspectives from linguistics, literary studies, archaeology, history, anthropology, philosophy, sociology, culture and religion. RO will build on this solid foundation, contributing to the further understanding of the areas of interest. Rocznik Orientalistyczny (Yearbook of Oriental Studies) publishes manuscripts in English, German, French and Russian with abstracts in English. The Journal takes pride in being able to provide all kinds of fonts used for transcribing the languages of Asia and Africa. Editorial Committee: Marek M. Dziekan (Editor-in-Chief) Marta Woźniak-Bobińska (Secretary) Jaakko Hämeen Antilla Agata Bareja-Starzyńska Eduard Gombár Lidia Kasarełło Agnieszka Kozyra Ewa Siwierska Lidia Sudyka Gábor Takacs Editorial Board: Janusz Danecki (Poland) Edward Lipiński (Belgium) Alfred F. Majewicz (Poland) Piotr Taracha (Poland) Przemysław W. Turek (Poland) Vladimir Uspenky (Russia) Witold Witakowski (Sweden) Mykhaylo Yakubovyvh (Germany) Rocznik Orientalistyczny / Yearbook of Oriental Studies Faculty of Oriental Studies University of Warsaw Krakowskie Przedmiescie 26/28 00-927 Warsaw 64 Prof. Marek M. Dziekan (Editor-in-Chief) e-mail: [email protected] Dr hab. Marta Woźniak-Bobińska (Secretary) e-mail: [email protected] Rocznik Orientalistyczny jest czasopismem wydawanym w wolnym dostępie na licencji CC BY-NC-ND 4.0. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Yearbook of Oriental Studies is an open access journal with all content available with no charge in full text version. The journal content is available under the license CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies is indexed in databases: ARIANTA AWOL - The Ancient World Online CEJSH ERIH Plus ICI Journals Master List MIAR - Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals Slavic Humanities Index See: http://www.kno.pan.pl/index.php/en/rocznik-orientalistyczny-2 Volumes Volumes Instructions for authors Additional info Publication Ethics Policy Peer-review Procedure Volumes Instructions for authors Additional info Publication Ethics Policy Peer-review Procedure Choose a year and number Select number 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015 2014 No 2 No 1 2013 2012 2011 Content Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 \| 1 “Rocznik Orientalistyczny” (“Yearbook of Oriental Studies”) 1914–2014.A Short Outline Marek M. Dziekan Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Marek M. Dziekan 2 Manichäisches bei den Tungusen? Michael Knüppel Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Michael Knüppel 3 Lexica Afroasiatica XIII Gábor Takács Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Gábor Takács 4 Ammonite and Edomite Personal Names in the Light of Assyro-BabylonianSources Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 5 Yousef Sh’hadeh, Linguistic Deviation and the Tendency Towards ColloquialArabic in Naǧīb Maḥfūẓ’s Novel Al-Liṣṣ wa-al-kilāb (The Thief and the Dogs) Fahad M. Alliheibi Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Fahad M. Alliheibi 6 The Idea of Sadness. The Richness of Persian Experiences and Expressions Sylwia Surdykowska Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Sylwia Surdykowska 7 Banning ‘God’ in Malaysia Natalia Laskowska Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Natalia Laskowska 8 Выход индийской женщины в публичное пространство в 1880–1920-х гг.Округ Мадрас Мария Усольцева Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Мария Усольцева 9 Professor Maciej Popko (1936–2014) Piotr Taracha Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Piotr Taracha 10 Professor Andrzej Zaborski (1942–2014) Marek Piela Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Marek Piela 11 Thus does not speak Zarathustra. On Polish translations of the Avesta Kinga Paraskiewicz Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Kinga Paraskiewicz 12 Ishaq Tijani Male Domination, Female Revolt. Race, Class, and Gender in Kuwaiti Women’s Fiction, Leiden–Boston 2009 Barbara Michalak-Pikulska Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Barbara Michalak-Pikulska 13 Fahras mahṭūṭāt Maktabat al-Azhar aš-Šarīf. Al-Maṣāḥif. cUlūm al-Qur’ān. Al-Qirā’āt. At-Tafsīr, [Al-Qāhira] 1435 h. – 2013 m. Bogusław R. Zagórski Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Bogusław R. Zagórski 14 Marek I. Baraniak , Zjawisko targumizacji na podstawie Targumu do Pieśni nad Pieśniami. Krytyczna edycja tekstu z manuskryptu M 1106 z analizą egzegetyczno-hermeneutyczną i tłumaczeniem, Warszawa 2013 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 15 Eleftheria Pappa, Early Iron Age Exchange in the West: Phoenicians in the Mediterranean and the Altlantic, Leuven–Paris–Walpole MA., 2013 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 16 Marek Piela, Hebrajski zaimek osobowy i jego polskie odpowiedniki – analiza kontrastywna, Kraków 2014 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 17 Rafał Rosół, Frühe semitische Lehnwörter im Griechischen, Frankfurt a/M 2013 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 18 Stefan Zawadzki, Neo-Babylonian Documents from Sippar pertaining to the Cult, Poznań 2013 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński 19 K. Aslıhan Yener (ed.), Across the Border: Late Bronze-Iron Age Relations between Syria and Anatolia. Proceedings of a Symposium held at the Research Center of Anatolian Studies, Koç University, Istanbul, May 31 – June 1, 2010, Leuven–Paris–Walpole MA., 2013 Edward Lipiński Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies \| 2014 \| No 2 Download PDF Download RIS Download Bibtex Authors and Affiliations Authors and Affiliations Edward Lipiński Instructions for authors Submit your article INSTRUCTIONS FOR AUTHORS OF Rocznik Orientalistyczny/Yearbook of Oriental Studies - Submitted papers will be subject to peer review by appropriate referees. The names of the reviewers and the results of their work are confidential data. - The Publisher accepts complete scripts of the Work in .doc. .docx in addition to .pdf format. 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0.999566	Peter Jackson's poignant WWI documentary 'They Shall Not Grow Old' to commemorate the centennial of the end of the first World War. The acclaimed documentary is an extraordinary look at the soldiers and events of the Great War, using film footage captured at the time, now presented as the world has never seen. By utilizing state-of-the-art restoration, colorization and 3D technologies, and pulling from 600 hours of BBC archival interviews, Jackson puts forth an intensely gripping, immersive and authentic experience through the eyes and voices of the British soldiers who lived it. Jackson recorded a special introduction to the film offering his perspective on why the film is important for audiences, who have never experienced WWI footage as anything but grainy black & white, and silent. Jackson opens a window to the past in a way that has never been seen or heard before, noting, 'Restoration is a humanizing process.' Plagues and Pestilence 2020 Medicine COVID-19 is far from the first pandemic to wreak havoc in the world. A long line of infectious diseases have devastated and in some cases destroyed entire societies. Almost all of them started in animals and made the jump to humans. The Black Death spread across Europe and Asia in the 14th century leaving millions dead in its wake. Between the 15th and 18th centuries, European colonists brought smallpox to the Americas, the Pacific region and to Australia. In Europe, the 17th century saw a series of major epidemics. And at the end of the First World War, more people died of the Spanish flu than on the battlefield. This documentary examines the causes of these epidemics - whether it be lack of hygiene, interaction with animals, overcrowding, or the growth of cities - and how people travelling helped to spread disease and promote pandemics. It also sheds a light on the impact these infectious diseases have had on politics and societal change. Over the centuries, scientists managed to develop treatments and medicines to help control or even eradicate infectious diseases. Virologists are facing that task again with the coronavirus, as the world frantically searches for ways to overcome a pandemic which threatens our modern way of life. The Sound and the Fury: A Century of Modern Music. Wrecking Ball 2013 Art It begins by examining the shift in the language and sound of music from the melodies and harmonies of giants such as Mozart, Haydn and Brahms into the fragmented, abstract, discordant sound of the most radical composers of the new century - Schoenberg, Webern, Stravinsky and beyond. It examines how this new music was a response to the huge upheaval in the world at the start of the 20th century, with its developments in technology, science, modern art and the tumult of the First World War. Featuring performances of some of the key works of the period, performed by the London Sinfonietta, members of the Aurora Orchestra and composer and pianist Timothy Andres, the story of this episode in music history is brought to life through the contributions of the biggest names in modern classical music, among them Steve Reich, John Adams, Michael Tilson Thomas, Pierre Boulez, George Benjamin and Alex Ross, music critic of the New Yorker.
0.999998	Novak Djokovic ties Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal for the most Grand Slams in men's tennis history with his win at Wimbledon. (2:19) Facebook Twitter Facebook Messenger Email Jul 12, 2021 Simon Cambers Facebook Twitter Facebook Messenger Pinterest Email print LONDON -- It's been more than half a century since the great Australian Rod Laver won all four majors in the same year -- Wimbledon, US Open, French Open and Australian Open -- for the calendar-year Grand Slam. No man since has come close -- until now. Novak Djokovic's 6-7 (4), 6-4, 6-4, 6-3 win over Matteo Berrettini at Wimbledon on Sunday ties the world No. 1 with Roger Federer and Rafael Nadal atop the all-time men's list with 20 Grand Slams. Editor's Picks Five keys to Novak Djokovic winning Wimbledon for his 20th Grand Slam title 148dTom Hamilton Djokovic claims Wimbledon for 20th Slam victory 147d Stats: Djokovic ties Federer, Nadal's 20 Grand Slams with 6th Wimbledon title 147dManoj Bhagavatula 2 Related It means he is the first man since Laver to win the first three Grand Slam events -- the Australian Open, French Open and Wimbledon -- and the dream of all four is drawing closer. Having chased down Federer and Nadal, Djokovic at 34 now stands poised to make even more history. "I could definitely envisage that happening," Djokovic said on the court after his win. "I'm hoping. I am going to definitely give it a shot. I'm in great form, I'm obviously playing well and playing my best tennis at Grand Slams is the highest priority I have right now at this stage of my career. Let's keep it going." Though Steffi Graf managed the calendar-year Grand Slam in 1988, no man has been able to do it, the cumulative effect, physically and mentally, proving too much for anyone to get over the line. Until Sunday, only Mats Wilander (1988), Jim Courier (1992) and Djokovic (2016) had even won the first two Slams of a year, each of them falling short at Wimbledon. Now, Djokovic has all three in the bag, and the motivation to complete the deal will surely be enough to keep him fighting all the way to the US Open. Novak Djokovic must win the US Open to complete the calendar-year Grand Slam. Clive Brunskill/Getty Images But the performance of Matteo Berrettini in the final at Wimbledon is a reminder that even though the new generation of players has yet to knock Djokovic, Nadal and Federer off their perch, the youngsters are making their lives more difficult. Though Djokovic saw off Daniil Medvedev in three sets at the Australian Open, Stefanos Tsitsipas took the first two sets off Djokovic in the French Open final and Berrettini pushed him hard at Wimbledon. Medvedev, Tsitsipas, defending champion Dominic Thiem and last year's runner-up, Alexander Zverev, will all go to the US Open with hope. And that's not to mention Nadal, who has won in New York on four occasions. Like Graf, Djokovic potentially has an Olympic Games to fit into the mix. Should he choose to play -- after Sunday's win, he said he was "50/50" because of the restrictions -- his quest for a first Olympics gold medal in singles would be an added inspiration but also an extra hurdle. When Laver won the Grand Slam in 1969 -- having also achieved it in 1962 when tennis was still amateur -- three of the four events were played on grass, with the French Open the outlier on clay. Djokovic has won the US Open three times, most recently in 2018, and the worrying thing for his rivals is that Djokovic won his sixth Wimbledon title without perhaps ever playing his best. For Djokovic, Federer and Nadal to have won 20 Grand Slams apiece in the same era is something that will almost surely never be done again. They have each inspired each other, pushed each other and continue to bring out the best in each other. He might have joined the pair at 20, but Djokovic is not satisfied yet. "In the first three or four years, I lost most of the big matches I played against Roger and Rafa," he said. "Something shifted at the end of 2010, start of 2011. The last 10 years has been an incredible journey. That is not stopping here." The emotions of what he already has achieved, plus the stress of having the calendar-year Grand Slam on the line at the US Open, will ask the toughest of questions of him.
0.960278	Full lips small nose big eye's high cheek bones wide thin face. her chin is also cute she is also skinny and thick hair arch eyebrows etc but she is unattractive because she look straight up middle Eastern. People only consider west Asian/north African women attractive if they look white or latina or mixed race or racial ambiguous in general. Like Pokimane look half Asian and half white. So mixed race or racially ambiguous This women look Latina This women look European. But people would start finding them unattractive if they said that they're middle Eastern. Because they hate middle Eastern. So looking white mixed race or latina or racial ambiguous in general don't really matter. This is why Pokimane rarely talk about being moroccan because she knows that it would make her unattractive and people would hate her. think about it which races are considered least attractive? Black Indian and middle Eastern and which races are most hated? Black Indian and middle Eastern. i literally know this one Latino guy who had approached this Indian girl was calling her hot etc but left after finding out that she is Indian not latina even said something racist. So it is not about looking like different race either. Updates: Follow 03 Share Facebook Twitter Do you agree that race matter more than facial features on women? 78 20 Add Opinion 20Girl Opinion 78Guy Opinion AI Bot Choice Superb Opinion meetkitty123 \| 55 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Yoda 1 mo Oh this is a ridiculous boarding on racism post! Race is BS! Beauty is beauty and it is found in all races! Most importantly Personality is key. It can either make or break a person. Physical appearance may lead to a person taking a second or third look at a person but its the person's actions and words that will keep a person's attention. All that matters is a persons mindset. Just as every race has their amazing, talented, smart, good natured, or kind hearted people every race has their trashy, cruel, dumb hateful people. I've said this a THOUSAND times it's not about what race we are... That makes us do what we do... It's called BEING HUMAN... We are all human! We are all cable of the same things... Only exception perhaps is if an individual is not from the planet Earth and they are an interglectable alien 👽... then who knows how to gage their characteristics or behaviors... 🛸 React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 3 People Facebook Twitter Is this still revelant? Guardian45 1 mo As usual, we'll said! Most Helpful Girl alice55 \| 954 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Master 1 mo Personally the only one I find attractive in this list is the last one and is it because she have light eyes. After about all you said I don't think it's true at least not in my country I see more and more guys dating Arab and Black girls here while before it didn't happened (or a lot less than nowadays). React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Facebook Twitter Is this still revelant? Asker 1 mo I guess you only like light eyes? Asker 1 mo Anyway only one example was for looks. Other were mostly to show diversity in phenotype Asker 1 mo I was talking more about that Latino guy. Not others anyway. Show All Show Less alice55 1 mo Mostly yea, Asian eyes look cute too though (the slanted one). Asker 1 mo Well I have seen European and even middle Eastern with slanted eye's. So i won't call it exclusively Asian features just more common among them. alice55 1 mo Never saw a White person with slanted eyes personally Most Helpful Guys Shizunk Xper 6 1 mo I don't understand where you come up with these ideas. Never heard that outside of gag. Race doesn't matter for most people. I heard a few men say they prefer Asians, but almost never that they consider an entire race unattractive. For example, I am more likely to find arab women attractive, but I would also not accept a muslim. That's ideology, not race, but if you find tension or hate, it could be things like that, rather than the race. Toxic feminists also have a permaban with me. A middle eastern non-muslim is certainly welcome as far as I am concerned. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 1 Person Facebook Twitter Is this still revelant? Kaneki05 \| 659 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Guru 1 mo Both are linked so? For example an Japanese girl is gonna have different facial features such as eyes compared to a Irish girl. So this question is just like asking do you agree what people look like from ancestry from matter's which to many it does that's why they have racial preferences for me, i don't have one. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Facebook Twitter Is this still revelant? Asker 1 mo Well this is why I didn't posted black women because they always look black but middle Eastern and indian have lot of variety. I have literally seen middle Eastern women who look half Asian to half black or mixed race or ambiguous in general to Latino to full on European. They seem very diverse to me in term of appearance Scroll Down to Read Other Opinions What's Your Opinion? Sign Up Now! What Girls & Guys Said 1876 Sort Girls First Guys First Bobsyoruncle Xper 5 1 mo No. there's a very consistent, well defined certain ‘look’, a suite of features and proportions, that is my personal opinion of female facial perfection. Although race can have an influence on facial appearance, I’ve seen my vision of perfection at various times during my life in the faces of white, black, Asian, hispanic and (American) Indian women. I’m confident that I could find it in other groups as well, if I went looking for it. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Anonymous 1 mo I can already tell who you are by your CONSTANT talk about this "Pokemaine" character. I don't know why you keep obsessing over her. are women really envious over stuff like this? does it really suck this much for some of you to watch other people get dealt a better hand? It is what it is, move on. That latino guy is probably one of those moronic onces that suffers small dick syndrome and can only look at girls from his own culture out of fear of exploring the unknown. Me personally? the unknown is HOT! React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 2 People Asker 1 mo I have girl crush on poki so I am obsessed why do you care lol I am famous Opinion Owner 1 mo but why? she's just a random chick you never met before lol. Behind closed doors she could be horrible to be around humpbackjack \| 51 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Xper 6 1 mo It’s sad that there’s things in the world that are fucked up same as it’s fucked up that there’s people out there like that and it’s definitely sad if you’ve had experienced things or people that make you feel this way but there’s plenty of us guys out there that think that every chick you put up there is hot even if they’re from India or Middle East or outer space so focus on us good guys not those other lames React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Aakash_Hangargi \| 427 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Yoda 1 mo There was one podcast were RJs said "If you are ugly you are ugly " and that's it. Doesn't matter which race country and some other shit. Similar way if you are beautiful you are beautiful doesn't matter from which planet you come from people succumb to the beauty thats how it is. But but but let me tell you people cannot adjust with behaviour personality and cultural differences. Something's which come natirally to you in customs and religious beilief they might not share same views and that creates all the fuckery so no matter how gorgeous of an ass you are it's about the routine things we do React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 1 Person CallmeTheKnight \| 61 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Xper 6 1 mo She could be a straight up 5/10 or 6/10 to anybody because she's ideal to you, not everyone else. This question is just plain ridiculous, because when it comes to attraction, I'm pretty sure features will trump race in most occasions. Just be real about it React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Asker 1 mo Which unattractive facial features she have? Tell me one. Small nose big eye's full lips small chin. Everything is attractive about her face. CallmeTheKnight 1 mo It doesn't matter what I see or what another can see. Those features alone do not make someone attractive. She's not all that Asker 1 mo Tell me what is unattractive about her. Literally you can't only her race is making her unattractive Cythera Xper 5 1 mo Race doesn’t matter at all. Everyone is beautiful in their own way. No beauty can compare to their personalities, if they’re beautiful with a shitty attitude they’re absolutely vile. If they’re beautiful and carry a great personality with that, they’re absolutely gorgeous. That goes for anyone and everyone! React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 4 People t-8900 1 mo waiting for my damn timer to expire so i can post my next question and it's based around this topic. Brokenheartedx \| 91 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Yoda 1 mo The first girl is definetly not middle eastern, in any way shape or form.. She looks more slavic than middle eastern or western european thays for sure And for record i know many middle eastern and indian women and they look stunning. Better looking than the examples you habe posted.. If they were ugly indians or ugly middle eastern then bollywood etc is a figment of our imaginations. Its insult to our intelligence. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 2 People Asker 1 mo She is Armenian plus Lebanese. Both Lebanon and Armenia are in west Asia so I don't know about it Asker 1 mo What exactly make her look non middle Eastern? Do she seriously look less middle Eastern than last women I posted? Asker 1 mo When I say middle Eastern I mean west Asia plus North Africa. Anonymous 1 mo Ngl i see em on the street and they'll all look white to me. White people come in all varietys and those folks look like a lotta white people I know. Plus Latinas can have mostly Spanish blood. A portion of the middle East is actually in Europe, and so they can be white or brown Europeans. Pokémain is a bit racially ambiguous but she can easily pass for white also. Of course they're all beautiful women, but they don't really look alike either in their faces, which i know was what you wanted your point to be. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 1 Person Asker 1 mo Maybe you think like that because many white women like Kylie Jenner or Ariana Grande do plastic surgery to look exotic or racially ambiguous. Opinion Owner 1 mo No? I don't spend my time wasting away with TV. I'm talking about real life. TallAnon \| 1.4K opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Guru 1 mo Dude, unless it's super obvious, I don't notice any of those things. Like race? You're either Asian, white, black or brown. No idea where they would be from and if any of those doesn't apply to you, pick the nearest skintone and that's what I think you are. Facial features? I don't even remember my own. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Mossberg500 Xper 5 1 mo Not really, attractive is attractive. Character and integrity are much more valuable traits. Of course I'm not going to attempt to trick my brain into thinking I have physical attraction to someone I don't.. there obv. has to be something there. But priority #1? Hell no, that's where so many people make the big mistake. That applies to men and women. Lusting is the real 'epidemic' of the world. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Lliam \| 390 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Guru 1 mo I don't care about race or ethnicity as long as the woman is beautiful. Some Middle Eastern women are drop dead gorgeous. Their ethnicity is irrelevant to me. In fact, I love Middle Eastern people in general, as long as they aren't of the fundamentalist religious variety with conservative traditional culture. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 1 Person BCA6010 \| 207 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Guru 1 mo "Race" doesn't matter, because I'm not ever going to turn down someone over her looks who I find attractive only after finding out her heritage, nor am I going to immediately write someone off based on race alone when I haven't seen or met her. In fact if a woman's ethnicity surprises me when I learn it, it would almost certainly be to her benefit (if anything) regardless, like an unexpected surprise. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 1 Person Ragnar2000 Xper 1 1 mo Actually most of the women are found attractive regardless of their race. I think men face this issue more than women. I've been told that like most of the guys from middle east, Indian subcontinent and some African countries are found unattractive by women. But you're either man or woman, in the end of the day attractiveness is not permenant and all that matters is what's inside (according to me). React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Asker 1 mo Black guys are so popular lmao blueseas_ Xper 5 1 mo To some, yes, to others, no. The ones who think race is more important than facial features have it wrong because it’s the facial features that tell you their character, more so than race. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree horsenrhinounicorn \| 107 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Xper 7 1 mo Facial features are preferred over race, but for long term it comes down to who you can stand living with under the same roof. Who cares what she looks like if she can make her man happy. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree doopayo \| 102 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Yoda 1 mo This sounds stupid, I don’t care what your race is. If your attractive you’re attractive React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 13 People Anonymous 1 mo A pretty woman is a pretty woman. Race doesn't matter much to me about a woman being attractive or not. My only issue with middle eastern would be if she's religious. Because I'm more atheist than anything else. I need empirical data to accept something, not faith to believe something. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 3 People Floppy2112 \| 237 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Xper 7 1 mo No. That is an annoying and stupid trope and I am sick to death of people trotting out race all the time like it's the most important feature of a person. We get it! People are different colors. I have never seen a deader horse than this, but here we go again. React Like Helpful Funny Disagree 2 People Wester1967 \| 116 opinions shared on Guy's Behavior topic. Xper 6 1 mo No. Because it seems like all of them want to look like the same identical “BLAsian” Barbie doll 304 with the hard cut nose, high cheekbones and fake fat plastic ass React Like Helpful Funny Disagree Asker 1 mo I would say that Instagram look more like arab or Latina to me than Asian. Especially with that curvy body Wester1967 1 mo I actually dated a half Arab half Colombian last Saturday. She was basically perfect. And everyone is trying to look like her. But she has no self esteem. I don’t know what to do. jailbreak Xper 6 1 mo So fun fact, Pokimane was born in West Africa, she's African. I don't care what race you are as long as we match up
0.958116	A stacked stone fireplace adds texture and tactile appeal to this transitional living room. The fireplace is topped with a sleek wood mantel and beadboard above for a contemporary edge. From: Harmony Weihs Photo by: Harmony Weihs Harmony Weihs Enjoying a warm, cozy fire requires a clean, safe fireplace. Here are some tips for keeping it that way: Fireplaces should not be used as furnaces. Use a fireplace for a short-duration fire — no longer than five hours. Keep the glass open to allow air to be drawn up to cool the chimney, but keep the screen closed to prevent sparks from jumping onto the carpeting. Never leave a fire unattended when children are in the house. Adults, even if near, should not allow children to play near or with fire tools and equipment. Open a window when using the fireplace to prevent the room from becoming smoky. The air coming in from the window will go up the chimney. Before making a fire, open the glass doors, pull aside the screen curtains, and place the kindling, newspaper and logs inside. Next, open the damper and a window. The window needs to be open only a few inches. You can check to make sure the smoke will go up the chimney properly by lighting a match, quickly blowing it out and watching the smoke to see whether it's going up and out. Keep a nonflammable rug (available at fireplace-supply stores) in front of the fireplace so that sparks won't melt or otherwise damage your carpeting. Use fireplace tools to handle burning logs. Never use your hands. Use a chimney cap to prevent water damage, to keep animals from nesting and to keep debris from blocking the chimney and causing carbon monoxide to flow into the house. Use a spark arrester to help prevent sparks from flying out, which could start a fire on the roof or lawn. Glass doors may develop tough stains from flames and heat. To clean them, make sure the glass doors are cool, then scrape off any thick gunk deposits with a razor blade. Add a squirt of liquid dishwashing detergent to a bucket of warm water, or add a cup of vinegar to a gallon of water. Spray or sponge the cleaner on, and then wipe it away with newspaper (which is lint-free). Another option is to buy glass cleaner at a fireplace store. Fireplace coals can remain hot enough to start a fire for up to three days, so always wait at least that long before removing the ashes. At that point, close the damper to prevent cold air in the flue from stirring up excess dust while you're removing the ashes. Be sure to wear a dust mask and open a window in the same room as the fireplace to prevent negative air pressure. Use a shovel to scoop the ashes into a metal container. Store the container far from combustible materials and surfaces and wood floors. Never use a vacuum to clean up ashes, because live coals may remain in those ashes. Have a certified chimney sweep inspect and clean the chimney when necessary. Have him show you how to check it yourself, too. The chimney should be checked at least once a year or after about 80 fires. Shine brass fireplace utensils with Worcestershire sauce and a toothbrush. Clean the firebox (the area where the logs burn) at least once a week during the months you use it, when ash builds up. Leave about an inch of ash because it acts as insulation, allowing the coals to heat faster and retain the heat easier. Keep the firebox completely clean during the months when the fireplace is not in use. To clean an exterior slate hearth, wash, dry and coat it with lemon oil every six weeks to make it shine. For cleaning exterior brick hearths, buy a brick cleaner at a fireplace shop. Next Up Leave on the Air Conditioning to Avoid Mold Leaving the air conditioning running in your home will not only cool your home, it will help remove moisture from the air and help circulate and filter the air. 10 Home Maintenance Tips for Spring A certified home inspector shares 10 home-maintenance tips for spring. Keep Dust Down Does dust settle on surfaces minutes after you've cleaned them? Tips for getting rid of dust — not just moving it around. Furnace Maintenance Save on utility bills and head off carbon monoxide problems with these tips. How to Repair a Damaged Roof We simulated the damage of a tree falling on a roof by dropping a piano from a crane. Such an accident can cause major structural damage. Consult a professional if there are any reframing needs due to building codes. How to Install a Dead-Bolt Lock For burglar-proofing, it's a must-have. How to Build a New Fireplace Surround and Mantel A dated fireplace is given a British Colonial look with the addition of staircase posts, molding and a coat of fresh paint. Make Your Home Winter Ready Follow these steps to prep your house for cold winter weather. How to Vent a Clothes Dryer For maximum efficiency, follow our checklist. Time for an Inspection During the winter season, Paul James recommends spot-checking your landscape to see how things are faring.
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0.999998	巻 44 巻 43 巻 42 巻 41 巻 40 巻 39 巻 38 巻 37 巻 36 巻 35 巻 34 巻 33 巻 32 巻 31 巻 30 巻 29 巻 28 巻 27 巻 26 巻 25 巻 24 巻 23 巻 22 巻 21 巻 20 巻 19 巻 18 巻 17 巻 16 巻号 12 号 11 号 10 号 9 号 8 号 7 号 6 号 5 号 4 号 3 号 2 号 1 号検索検索閲覧巻、号、ページもしくは巻、ページを入力してください。検索条件と一致する記事が見つかりませんでした。検索結果に複数のレコードがあります。号を指定してください。詳細検索巻 44 巻 43 巻 42 巻 41 巻 40 巻 39 巻 38 巻 37 巻 36 巻 35 巻 34 巻 33 巻 32 巻 31 巻 30 巻 29 巻 28 巻 27 巻 26 巻 25 巻 24 巻 23 巻 22 巻 21 巻 20 巻 19 巻 18 巻 17 巻 16 巻号 12 号 11 号 10 号 9 号 8 号 7 号 6 号 5 号 4 号 3 号 2 号 1 号巻、号、ページもしくは巻、ページを入力してください。検索条件と一致する記事が見つかりませんでした。検索結果に複数のレコードがあります。号を指定してください。巻号一覧 44 巻 (2021) 12 号 p. 1801- 11 号 p. 1577- 10 号 p. 1349- 9 号 p. 1167- 8 号 p. 1029- 7 号 p. 895- 6 号 p. 747- 5 号 p. 599- 4 号 p. 465- 3 号 p. 293- 2 号 p. 159- 1 号 p. 1- 43 巻 (2020) 12 号 p. 1815- 11 号 p. 1617- 10 号 p. 1435- 9 号 p. 1293- 8 号 p. 1147- 7 号 p. 1027- 6 号 p. 919- 5 号 p. 757- 4 号 p. 575- 3 号 p. 361- 2 号 p. 195- 1 号 p. 1- 42 巻 (2019) 12 号 p. 1959- 11 号 p. 1773- 10 号 p. 1609- 9 号 p. 1437- 8 号 p. 1243- 7 号 p. 1059- 6 号 p. 857- 5 号 p. 649- 4 号 p. 517- 3 号 p. 303- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 41 巻 (2018) 12 号 p. 1737- 11 号 p. 1627- 10 号 p. 1495- 9 号 p. 1311- 8 号 p. 1119- 7 号 p. 979- 6 号 p. 835- 5 号 p. 663- 4 号 p. 451- 3 号 p. 287- 2 号 p. 153- 1 号 p. 1- 40 巻 (2017) 12 号 p. 2015- 11 号 p. 1819- 10 号 p. 1605- 9 号 p. 1337- 8 号 p. 1129- 7 号 p. 947- 6 号 p. 739- 5 号 p. 547- 4 号 p. 381- 3 号 p. 243- 2 号 p. 119- 1 号 p. 1- 39 巻 (2016) 12 号 p. 1903- 11 号 p. 1743- 10 号 p. 1569- 9 号 p. 1397- 8 号 p. 1231- 7 号 p. 1081- 6 号 p. 891- 5 号 p. 653- 4 号 p. 457- 3 号 p. 301- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 38 巻 (2015) 12 号 p. 1831- 11 号 p. 1681- 10 号 p. 1439- 9 号 p. 1255- 8 号 p. 1093- 7 号 p. 951- 6 号 p. 795- 5 号 p. 635- 4 号 p. 497- 3 号 p. 341- 2 号 p. 155- 1 号 p. 1- 37 巻 (2014) 12 号 p. 1853- 11 号 p. 1705- 10 号 p. 1575- 9 号 p. 1429- 8 号 p. 1259- 7 号 p. 1081- 6 号 p. 883- 5 号 p. 709- 4 号 p. 511- 3 号 p. 335- 2 号 p. 185- 1 号 p. 1- 36 巻 (2013) 12 号 p. 1871- 11 号 p. 1653- 10 号 p. 1525- 9 号 p. 1381- 8 号 p. 1227- 7 号 p. 1045- 6 号 p. 877- 5 号 p. 691- 4 号 p. 501- 3 号 p. 331- 2 号 p. 165- 1 号 p. 1- 35 巻 (2012) 12 号 p. 2103- 11 号 p. 1855- 10 号 p. 1621- 9 号 p. 1385- 8 号 p. 1201- 7 号 p. 999- 6 号 p. 811- 5 号 p. 643- 4 号 p. 445- 3 号 p. 273- 2 号 p. 131- 1 号 p. 1- 34 巻 (2011) 12 号 p. 1773- 11 号 p. 1653- 10 号 p. 1523- 9 号 p. 1357- 8 号 p. 1153- 7 号 p. 939- 6 号 p. 783- 5 号 p. 595- 4 号 p. 453- 3 号 p. 307- 2 号 p. 177- 1 号 p. 1- 33 巻 (2010) 12 号 p. 1925- 11 号 p. 1771- 10 号 p. 1639- 9 号 p. 1459- 8 号 p. 1261- 7 号 p. 1089- 6 号 p. 931- 5 号 p. 729- 4 号 p. 535- 3 号 p. 341- 2 号 p. 159- 1 号 p. 1- 32 巻 (2009) 12 号 p. 1947- 11 号 p. 1819- 10 号 p. 1639- 9 号 p. 1491- 8 号 p. 1313- 7 号 p. 1139- 6 号 p. 955- 5 号 p. 765- 4 号 p. 527- 3 号 p. 317- 2 号 p. 161- 1 号 p. 1- 31 巻 (2008) 12 号 p. 2163- 11 号 p. 1985- 10 号 p. 1819- 9 号 p. 1635- 8 号 p. 1469- 7 号 p. 1301- 6 号 p. 1053- 5 号 p. 775- 4 号 p. 541- 3 号 p. 327- 2 号 p. 173- 1 号 p. 1- 30 巻 (2007) 12 号 p. 2231- 11 号 p. 2001- 10 号 p. 1819- 9 号 p. 1597- 8 号 p. 1361- 7 号 p. 1187- 6 号 p. 1025- 5 号 p. 847- 4 号 p. 617- 3 号 p. 403- 2 号 p. 213- 1 号 p. 1- 29 巻 (2006) 12 号 p. 2335- 11 号 p. 2151- 10 号 p. 1991- 9 号 p. 1783- 8 号 p. 1525- 7 号 p. 1305- 6 号 p. 1075- 5 号 p. 855- 4 号 p. 595- 3 号 p. 397- 2 号 p. 191- 1 号 p. 1- 28 巻 (2005) 12 号 p. 2181- 11 号 p. 2029- 10 号 p. 1817- 9 号 p. 1543- 8 号 p. 1321- 7 号 p. 1137- 6 号 p. 941- 5 号 p. 773- 4 号 p. 565- 3 号 p. 399- 2 号 p. 195- 1 号 p. 1- 27 巻 (2004) 12 号 p. 1891- 11 号 p. 1701- 10 号 p. 1483- 9 号 p. 1321- 8 号 p. 1157- 7 号 p. 939- 6 号 p. 753- 5 号 p. 599- 4 号 p. 445- 3 号 p. 273- 2 号 p. 147- 1 号 p. 1- 26 巻 (2003) 12 号 p. 1641- 11 号 p. 1511- 10 号 p. 1375- 9 号 p. 1229- 8 号 p. 1065- 7 号 p. 911- 6 号 p. 753- 5 号 p. 573- 4 号 p. 397- 3 号 p. 285- 2 号 p. 129- 1 号 p. 1- 25 巻 (2002) 12 号 p. 1513- 11 号 p. 1391- 10 号 p. 1251- 9 号 p. 1121- 8 号 p. 945- 7 号 p. 823- 6 号 p. 695- 5 号 p. 547- 4 号 p. 401- 3 号 p. 275- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 24 巻 (2001) 12 号 p. 1343- 11 号 p. 1219- 10 号 p. 1097- 9 号 p. 973- 8 号 p. 863- 7 号 p. 733- 6 号 p. 595- 5 号 p. 443- 4 号 p. 321- 3 号 p. 209- 2 号 p. 111- 1 号 p. 1- 23 巻 (2000) 12 号 p. 1399- 11 号 p. 1267- 10 号 p. 1125- 9 号 p. 1015- 8 号 p. 897- 7 号 p. 791- 6 号 p. 677- 5 号 p. 519- 4 号 p. 379- 3 号 p. 269- 2 号 p. 133- 1 号 p. 1- 22 巻 (1999) 12 号 p. 1257- 11 号 p. 1153- 10 号 p. 1015- 9 号 p. 889- 8 号 p. 773- 7 号 p. 663- 6 号 p. 551- 5 号 p. 441- 4 号 p. 333- 3 号 p. 229- 2 号 p. 111- 1 号 p. 1- 21 巻 (1998) 12 号 p. 1243- 11 号 p. 1121- 10 号 p. 1005- 9 号 p. 889- 8 号 p. 787- 7 号 p. 651- 6 号 p. 551- 5 号 p. 429- 4 号 p. 311- 3 号 p. 197- 2 号 p. 93- 1 号 p. 1- 20 巻 (1997) 12 号 p. 1219- 11 号 p. 1123- 10 号 p. 1047- 9 号 p. 943- 8 号 p. 825- 7 号 p. 721- 6 号 p. 589- 5 号 p. 467- 4 号 p. 299- 3 号 p. 211- 2 号 p. 113- 1 号 p. 1- 19 巻 (1996) 12 号 p. 1537- 11 号 p. 1391- 10 号 p. 1247- 9 号 p. 1115- 8 号 p. 1005- 7 号 p. 911- 6 号 p. 779- 5 号 p. 659- 4 号 p. 487- 3 号 p. 335- 2 号 p. 163- 1 号 p. 1- 18 巻 (1995) 12 号 p. 1627- 11 号 p. 1463- 10 号 p. 1311- 9 号 p. 1171- 8 号 p. 1031- 7 号 p. 933- 6 号 p. 797- 5 号 p. 643- 4 号 p. 481- 3 号 p. 377- 2 号 p. 199- 1 号 p. 1- 17 巻 (1994) 12 号 p. 1535- 11 号 p. 1437- 10 号 p. 1317- 9 号 p. 1151- 8 号 p. 997- 7 号 p. 875- 6 号 p. 763- 5 号 p. 559- 4 号 p. 463- 3 号 p. 361- 2 号 p. 169- 1 号 p. 1- 16 巻 (1993) 12 号 p. 1185- 11 号 p. 1061- 10 号 p. 949- 9 号 p. 817- 8 号 p. 735- 7 号 p. 621- 6 号 p. 525- 5 号 p. 437- 4 号 p. 335- 3 号 p. 217- 2 号 p. 99- 1 号 p. 1- 前身誌公衆衛生年報衛生化学 Journal of Health Science Journal of Pharmacobio-Dynamics 24 巻 , 11 号選択された号の論文の25件中1～25を表示していますメタデータをダウンロード RIS (EndNote、Reference Manager、ProCite、RefWorksとの互換性あり) Bib TeX (BibDesk、LaTeXとの互換性あり) テキストすべての抄録を非表示にするすべての抄録を表示する \|< < 1 > >\| Review Basic and Therapeutic Relevance of Endothelin-Mediated Regulation Katsutoshi GOTO 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1219-1230 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1219 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Three endothelin family peptides (endothelin-1, -2 and -3) exert an extremely potent and long-lasting vasoconstrictor action as well as other various actions through stimulating two subtypes of receptor (ETA and ETB). Vascular endothelial cells produce only endothelin-1. Although the pharmacological actions of exogenous endothelin-1 have been extensively analyzed, the physiological roles of endogenous endothelin-1 have long been obscure. Using potent and selective receptor antagonists, endothelin-1 has been demonstrated to contribute slightly to the maintenance of regional vascular tone. In gene-targeted mice, endothelin family peptides and their receptors have been shown to play an important role in the embryonic development of neural crest-derived tissues. In addition to its potent vasoconstrictor action, endothelin-1 has direct mitogenic actions on cardiovascular tissues, as well as co-mitogenic actions with a wide variety of growth factors and vasoactive substances. Endothelin-1 also promotes the synthesis and secretion of various substances including extracellular constituents. These effects of endogenous endothelin-1 would appear to be naturally concerned with the development and/or aggravation of chronic cardiovascular diseases, e.g. hypertension, pulmonary hypertension, vascular remodeling (restenosis, atherosclerosis), renal failure, and heart failure. A great many non-peptide and orally active endothelin receptor antagonists have been developed, and shown to exert excellent therapeutic effects in animal models as well as human patients with these diseases. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (118K) Biochemistry/Molecular Biology Regular Articles Tissue Distribution of a Major Mevalonate Pyrophosphate Decarboxylase in Rats Akihiro MICHIHARA, Kenji AKASAKI, Yukio YAMORI, Hiroshi TSUJI 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1231-1234 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1231 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The 45- and 35-kDa subunits of mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MPD) have been purified from rat liver. In this study, we examined the relationship between 45- and 35-kDa MPD and the tissue distribution of a major MPD in rat liver. When the crude extract of rat liver fed on normal chow was subjected to immunoblot analysis using anti-rat 45-kDa MPD antibody, only the 45-kDa band was detected. In a pulse-chase experiment using anti-rat 45-kDa MPD antibody, there was no precursor-product relationship between the 45- and the 35-kDa MPD. In immunoprecipitation, more than 85% of MPD activity in the rat liver was depleted from the crude extract with an excess of the above antibody. When 45-kDa MPD contents in tissues were analyzed by immunoblotting, a single protein band with an apparent molecular weight of 45 kDa was detected in all tissues. The specific protein content of 45-kDa MPD in liver was markedly higher than in other tissues. The activity/amount ratio varied among brain, liver, and testis, being significantly highest in the liver. From these data, it is suggested that 45-kDa MPD serves as a major enzyme involved in cholesterol biosynthesis in rat liver and that a tissue-specific regulator or isozyme of 45-kDa MPD is present in rat liver. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (68K) Mevalonate Pyrophosphate Decarboxylase is Predominantly Located in the Cytosol of Rat Hepatocytes Akihiro MICHIHARA, Makoto SAWAMURA, Yukio YAMORI, Kenji AKASAKI, Hiros ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1235-1240 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1235 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Mevalonate pyrophosphate decarboxylase (MPD) is found in the 100000×g supernatant fraction of cells or tissues and is considered to be a cytosolic protein. Recently, other groups reported that MPD is mostly located in the peroxisomes. In this study, we used two different methods to determine whether MPD is predominantly located in the peroxisomes or the cytosol of rat hepatocytes. 1) In permeabilized rat hepatocytes or normal rat kidney cells treated with digitonin, which lack cytosolic enzyme, MPD was mainly present in the medium. 2) Double immunofluorescent labeling of cells with both anti-MPD antibody and anti-hexokinase antibody yielded an immunofluorescent pattern for both enzymes typical of the cytosolic protein. These results indicate that MPD is predominantly located in the cytosol of rat hepatocytes. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (90K) Alterations of Phospholipase C Isozymes in Rat Cerebral Cortex through Hyperoxia Hiroko TANINO, Toshihiro KUSUDA, Kazuki NAGASAWA, Shun SHIMOHAMA, Sada ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1241-1245 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1241 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The effect of hyperoxia on the level of three phospholipase C (PLC) isozymes (β1, γ1, δ1) was assessed in the rat cerebral cortex. When the rats were exposed to 100% oxygen for 60 h, there was a significant reduction in the catalytic activity of low molecular weight phosphotyrosine phosphatase, which was susceptible to activity loss under oxidative stress. The result suggests that oxidative stress is induced in the rat cerebral cortex through hyperoxia. The protein levels of PLC-β1 and -δ1 were significantly increased in the cerebral cortex where oxidative stress had been induced, although that of PLC-γ1 was not altered. There was no significant difference in the total PLC activity of the cerebral cortex between hyperoxia and control rats. Using gel filtration chromatography, it was revealed that the PLC-β1 activity in the cerebral cortex of the hyperoxia rats was higher than that in the control rats, but the PLC-δ1 activity in the former did not differ from that in the latter, despite an increase in the PLC-δ1 protein level. These findings suggest that the PLC-β1 and -δ1 protein levels of brain tissues are increased by oxidative stress, and that the increased PLC-δ1 molecule is less active. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (83K) Effect of Calpain on Hereditary Cataractous Rat, ICR/f Noriko TAKEUCHI, Hiroka ITO, Keiko NAMIKI, Akira KAMEI 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1246-1251 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1246 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The crystallins in the lenses of ICR/f mutation rat, a known hereditary cataract model, were analyzed during cataractogenesis. Opacification of the mutant lenses was found to be accompanied by changes in crystallin structure and composition, including several deletions of the N-terminals of β-crystallins and low molecular weight α-crystallins. Because similar deletions were observed when the soluble fraction of normal lens protein was incubated with calpain, we considered that calpain could be related to the deletions in mutant lenses. Although measurement of the content of calpain protein by the ELISA method revealed no significant difference between mutant and normal lenses, it was found that the concentrations of Ca2+ and K+ were different between the two lenses and that calpain activity was dependent on both ion concentrations. Endogenous m-calpain in the soluble fraction from normal lenses was activated by addition of 1 mM calcium chloride in the presence of 50 mM KCl (the same concentration as in mutant lenses), and insoluble protein was found in the fraction 1 d after calpain activation. On the other hand, the presence of 120 mM KCl (the concentration in normal lenses) inhibited calpain activity and prevented this insolubilization. These results suggest that calpain in mutant lenses is involved in the proteolysis of crystallins and the progression of cataract formation. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (105K) Antioxidative Properties of Pig Vesical Mucosa: A Comparison with Gastric and Intestinal Mucosa Tomaz VOVK, Marija BOGATAJ, Aleš MRHAR, Slavko PECAR, Milan SCH ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1252-1257 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1252 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The antioxidative properties of pig urinary bladder mucosa were compared with those of gastric and intestinal mucosa using nitroxide radicals. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) method was used to monitor the metabolic processes of nitroxides in mucosae. The reduction of nitroxides was measured on intact luminal surfaces of gastric, intestinal, and urinary bladder mucosa, as well as in homogenates of mucosa surface layer. Furthermore, N-ethylmaleimide and ascorbate oxidase have been used to characterize the reducing agents in urinary bladder mucosa homogenates. The nitroxide concentration decrease on intact mucosa of the urinary bladder was significantly different from those of the gastric and the intestinal mucosa. The concentration decrease was the largest for intestinal mucosa and the smallest for bladder mucosa. On the other hand, homogenates exhibit the largest nitroxide reduction rates for the bladder mucosa and the smallest for the gastric mucosa. In the bladder surface layer homogenates ascorbate and thiol-containing reducing agents were found and their coupled action in the nitroxide reduction process was established. The mucosa of urinary bladder is protected against nitroxide free radicals by a relatively low permeability and very active endogenous reducing agents. The gastric and intestinal mucosa are more permeable and/or have greater antioxidant activity on their surface. The reduction of nitroxides in the urinary bladder mucosa occurs via the ascorbate-thiol coupled reducing system. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (70K) Expression Profiling of Sulfotransferases in Human Cell Lines Derived from Extra-Hepatic Tissues Hiro-omi TAMURA, Kazunori TANIGUCHI, Eriko HAYASHI, Yasuko HIYOSHI, Fu ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1258-1262 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1258 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする To explore the physiological roles of sulfotransferases (SULTs) in extra-hepatic tissues, we examined the expression of eight SULT genes by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR in human cell lines that were established from various tissues. Expression levels of SULTs were low in neural cell lines such as NB-1 and GI-1, and high in epithelial cell lines, such as Caco-2 and BeWo. SULT1C2 expression was abundant in all cell types, whereas that of SULT1E1, SULT1B1 or SULT2B1 was restricted to a specific cell type. SULT1C1, which can catalyze the sulfation of N-hydroxy-2-acetylaminofluorene, was expressed in Caco-2, BeWo and KB562. Induction of differentiation did not generally affect SULT expression, although that of SULT1C2 was reduced after differentiation of the neuroblastoma cell line, NB-1, was induced. The profile of SULT expression in the culture cells obtained here gives clues to understanding the physiological roles of SULT enzymes in extra-hepatic tissues or organs. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (88K) Notes Characterization of a Ca2+-Dependent Protein Kinase from Rice Root: Differential Response to Cold and Regulation by Abscisic Acid Setsuko KOMATSU, Wengang LI, Hirosato KONISHI, Manabu YOSHIKAWA, Tomok ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1316-1319 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1316 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) and abscisic acid (ABA) are known to be involved in low-temperature stress response. The focus of this study was to characterize the 45 kDa protein kinase identified in the crude extract of rice (Oryza sativa L.) seedling roots in response to cold (5°C) stress. The activity of the 45 kDa protein kinase decreased at low temperature as evident by an in-gel kinase assay using histone III-S as a substrate. Also, the Ca2+-dependent activity of this protein kinase was suppressed by cold in the membrane fractions of the root. A general protein kinase inhibitor and Ca2+ chelator inhibited the activity of the 45 kDa protein kinase, suggesting that it was a plant CDPK. The 45 kDa CDPK identified was found to be independent of photosynthetic tissues such as the leaf and leaf sheath of rice seedlings, supporting a direct sensing mechanism in the roots of rice seedlings to cold stress. The suppressed activity of the 45 kDa CDPK was reverted by supplementing with 5 μM ABA under cold stress. The 45 kDa CDPK activity was stronger in the cold-tolerant variety of the 4 types tested than it was in the cold-sensitive one. These results suggest the involvement of endogenous ABA in regulating the activity of the 45 kDa CDPK in response to cold stress. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (83K) Effect of Tenascin-X Together with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A on Cell Proliferation in Cultured Embryonic Hearts Tomoki IKUTA, Hiroyoshi ARIGA, Ken-ichi MATSUMOTO 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1320-1323 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1320 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Tenascin-X (TNX) is a large glycoprotein that appears in extracellular matrices. Previously, we demonstrated that TNX binds to vascular endothelial growth factors A and B (VEGF-A and -B) and that VEGF-B in combination with TNX induces DNA synthesis in endothelial cells via increased signals mediated by the VEGFR-1 receptor. In this study, we investigated the effect of TNX with VEGF-A on the cell proliferation in embryonic mouse heart explants from either wild-type (TNX+/+) or TNX-deficient (TNX−/−) mice. The addition of VEGF-A to the explants from TNX+/+ mice increased cell proliferation by 1.5 fold compared with that in TNX−/− mice, indicating that TNX with VEGF family member plays an important role in the control of endothelial cell proliferation in vivo. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (108K) Pharmacology Regular Articles Identification of Human Drug-Metabolizing Enzymes Involved in the Metabolism of SNI-2011 Takuo WASHIO, Hirohiko ARISAWA, Kazuhiro KOHSAKA, Hiroshi YASUDA 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1263-1266 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1263 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする In vitro studies were conducted to identify human drug-metabolizing enzymes involved in the metabolism of SNI-2011 ((±)-cis-2-methylspiro [1,3-oxathiolane-5,3'-quinuclidine] monohydrochloride hemihydrate, cevimeline hydrochloride hydrate). When 14C-SNI-2011 was incubated with human liver microsomes, SNI-2011 trans-sulfoxide and cis-sulfoxide were detected as major metabolites. These oxidations required NADPH, and were markedly inhibited by SKF-525A, indicating that cytochrome P450 (CYP) was involved. In a chemical inhibition study, metabolism of SNI-2011 in liver microsomes was inhibited (35-65%) by CYP3A4 inhibitors (ketoconazole and troleandomycin) and CYP2D6 inhibitors (quinidine and chlorpromazine). Furthermore, using microsomes containing cDNA-expressed CYPs, it was found that high rates of sulfoxidation activities were observed with CYP2D6 and CYP3A4. On the other hand, when 14C-SNI-2011 was incubated with human kidney microsomes, SNI-2011 N-oxide was identified as a major metabolite. This N-oxidation required NADPH, and was completely inhibited by thiourea, indicating that flavin-containing monooxygenase (FMO) was involved. In addition, microsomes containing cDNA-expressed FMO1, a major isoform in human kidney, mainly catalyzed N-oxidation of SNI-2011, but microsomes containing FMO3, a major isoform in adult human liver, did not. These results suggest that SNI-2011 is mainly catalyzed to sulfoxides and N-oxide by CYP2D6/3A4 in liver and FMO1 in kidney, respectively. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (118K) Induction of Histamine Release from Rat Peritoneal Mast Cells by Histatins Mitsunobu YOSHIDA, Tomoki KIMURA, Kiyoyuki KITAICHI, Ryujiro SUZUKI, K ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1267-1270 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1267 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Human salivary histatins (Hsts), which belong to a salivary polypeptide family, have potent antifungal activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans, and are expected to be useful as therapeutic reagents against Candida species. However, little is known about the effect of Hsts on host immune systems. Thus we conducted a series of in vitro experiments with rat mast cells to determine whether histatin 5 (Hst 5) or histatin 8 (Hst 8) has a histamine-releasing effect on mast cells. Both Hst 5 and Hst 8 induced histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells in a dose-dependent manner (10-9 to 10-5 M). Hst 5 had a stronger releasing effect than Hst 8. The histamine release induced by Hst 5 (10-6 M) was increased by the presence of 0.5 mM Ca2+, but decreased by 2 mM Ca2+. Alternatively, the histamine release induced by Hst 8 (10-6 M) was inhibited by the presence of Ca2+ (0.5 to 2 mM). These results suggest that Hsts have limited usefulness as therapeutic agents due to induction of histamine release from mast cells. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (56K) The Protective Effects of PMC against Chronic Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Vivo George HSIAO, Yun-Ho LIN, Chien-Huang LIN, Duen-Suey CHOU, Wen-Chun LI ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1271-1276 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1271 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする In this study, PMC (2,2,5,7,8-pentamethyl-6-hydroxychromane), a derivative of α-tocopherol, dose-dependently (1—10 mg/kg) ameliorated the increase in plasma aspartate aminotransferase (GOT) and alanine aminotransferase (GPT) levels caused by chronic repeated carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) intoxication in mice. Moreover, PMC significantly improved the CCl4-induced increase of hepatic glutathione peroxidase, reductase, and superoxide dismutase activities. PMC also restored the decrement in the glutathione content of hepatic tissues in CCl4-intoxicated mice. Furthermore, it also dose-dependently inhibited the formation of lipid peroxidative products during carbon tetrachloride treatment. Histopathological changes of hepatic lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride were significantly improved by treatment with PMC in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that PMC exerts effective protection in chronic chemical-induced hepatic injury in vivo. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (307K) Notes Initial Intraorgan Formation of Mercapturic Acid Kazumi SANO, Yoji IKEGAMI, Takashi UESUGI 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1324-1328 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1324 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The disposition of S-benzyl-glutathione (BSG) in male Wistar rats was evaluated by the HPLC method to examine whether the kidney and liver contributed independently to the biosynthesis of S-benzyl-N-acetylcysteine (BNAc), a mercapturic acid (Chart 1). After intravenous injection, BSG was rapidly transported in both the kidney and the liver at a ratio of about 7:3. Simultaneously, a large amount of BNAc was found in both the kidney and the liver. In the kidney, S-benzyl-cysteine (BCys) reached a maximum concentration (Cmax) at 2 min after BSG injection, whereas BNAc reached Cmax within 3 to 5 min. The generation of BNAc was also observed in the liver. While renal BNAc reached Cmax within 3 to 5 min, hepatic BNAc reached Cmax around 5 min after BSG injection. Moreover, the elimination half-life of the BNAc after intravenous injection of the BSG was equivalent to that observed after intravenous injection of the BNAc itself. These results demonstrate that the kidney contributes to the initial intraorgan generation of BNAc and that this mercapturic acid is also synthesized in the liver and preferentially excreted into urine. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (81K) Plasma, Intestine and Tumor Levels of 5-Fluorouracil in Mice Bearing L1210 Ascites Tumor Following Oral Administration of 5-Fluorouracil, UFT (Mixed Compound of Tegafur and Uracil), Carmofur and 5'-Deoxy-5-fluorouridine Kazuya OOI, Toshiki OHKUBO, Masamune HIGASHIGAWA, Hajime KAWASAKI, Hid ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1329-1331 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1329 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Several 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) derivatives, 1-hexylcarbamoyl-5-fluorouracil (HCFU), 5'-deoxy-5-fluorouridine (5'-DFUR) and UFT (mixed compound of tegafur and uracil), have been developed and clinically widely used. However, comparative pharmacokinetic studies of the parent compound and other fluorinated drivatives have not been precisely reported. The dosage of the oral clinical use for human cancer of 5-FU, HCFU, 5'-DFUR and UFT as tegafur (FT) is 200—300 mg/d, 600 mg/d, 800—1200 mg/d and 300—600 mg/d respectively. These amounts of the drugs are almost equimolar. Previously, we reported the effect of oral equimolar administration of each four drugs on thymidilate synthase activity, deoxyribonucleotide metabolism and cell cycle progression in L1210 ascites tumor. In this study, we examined the antitumor effect and 5-FU concentration in the plasma, intestine and tumor after oral equimolar administrations of each drug using BDF1 mice bearing L1210 ascites tumor. In our study, UFT showed the best life prolongation among these four drugs. The intestine 5-FU level was highest by treatment with 5-FU during the initial 4h. The plasma 5-FU level was highest by treatment with HCFU for 4 h. But the tumor 5-FU level was highest by treatment with UFT over the 24 h. In spite of the high plasma 5-FU concentration after the treatment with HCFU, the 5-FU concentration in the tumor was below the detectable level until 24 h. These findings suggested that the highest specific accumulation of 5-FU in tumor cells may explain the best therapeutic results of UFT. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (46K) Activation of μ-Opioid Pathway Is Associated with the Canceling Effect of Footshock Stimulus on the Restraint Stress-Induced Inhibition of Small Intestinal Motility in Rats Fumitake TSUKADA, Yukie OHUCHI, Takahiro TERUNUMA, Mika SUGAWARA, Hiro ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1332-1334 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1332 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする We previously reported that small intestinal motility was significantly inhibited by restraint stress, but not by footshock stress. In the present study, we found that plasma β-endorphin levels were more significantly elevated by footshock stress than restraint stress, and that preloading of footshock stimulus canceled the inhibition of small intestinal motility by restraint stress. Pretreatment with the μ-opioid receptor antagonist naltrexone significantly attenuated this canceling effect of footshock stimulus. These results suggest that footshock stimulus may cancel the inhibition of small intestinal motility by restraint stress via activation of μ-opioid receptors. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (67K) Medicinal chemistry Regular Articles Gastric-Mucous Membrane Protection Activity of Coptisine Derivatives Hiroyuki HIRANO, Eriko OSAWA, Yumiko YAMAOKA, Toshio YOKOI 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1277-1281 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1277 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Coptisine and 8-oxocoptisine were isolated as principles of the gastric-mucous membrane protection from Coptidis rhizoma. The two compounds showed stronger activity than cimetidine and sucralfate. We prepared several derivatives having a partial structure of coptisine from commercially available starting materials. The compounds obtained were tested for gastric-mucous membrane protective activity and a correlation between activity and structure was studied. Our results suggest that the partial charge of the catechol skeleton is related to activity. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (91K) Notes Trifluoromethyl Ketone-Based Inhibitors of Apoptosis in Cerebellar Granule Neurons Masami KAWASE, Katsuyoshi SUNAGA, Satoru TANI, Masayuki NIWA, Toshihik ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1335-1337 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1335 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする A variety of aromatic trifluoromethyl ketone derivatives has been studied as inhibitors of apoptosis in cerebellar granule neurons (CGNs). Among them, α-trifluoromethyl diketone (2) and benzyl trifluoromethyl ketone (11) were found to be apoptosis inhibitors which can prevent a neurodegenerative disease. Compounds 2 and 11 showed neuroprotection effect on low K+-induced apoptosis in CGNs. Furthermore, these compounds effectively suppressed DNA fragmentation accompanied with apoptosis. The neuroprotection mode of 2 and 11 was not related to inhibition of caspase-3. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (69K) Pharmacognosy Regular Articles Cancer Chemopreventive Activity of Odorine and Odorinol from Aglaia odorata Akira INADA, Hoyoku NISHINO, Masashi KUCHIDE, Junko TAKAYASU, Teruo MU ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1282-1285 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1282 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする In the course of our continuing search for novel cancer chemo-preventive agents from natural sources, we have carried out a primary screening in vitro assay of the compounds isolated from Aglaia odorata. Consequently, aminopyrrolidine-diamides, odorine and odorinol, were obtained as active constituents. These compounds exhibited potent anti-carcinogenic effects in a two-stage carcinogenesis test of mouse skin induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) as an initiator and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) as a promoter. Further, both compounds showed remarkable inhibitory effects in two-stage mouse skin carcinogenesis models induced by nitric oxide (NO) donors such as (±)-(E)-methyl-2-[(E)-hydroxyimino]-5-nitro-6-methoxy-3-hexenamide (NOR-1) or peroxynitrite as an initiator and TPA as a promoter. From these results, it was concluded that odorine and odorinol inhibited both the initiation and promotion stages of two-stage skin carcinogenesis. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (57K) Cytotoxic Activities and Structure-Cytotoxic Relationships of Steroidal Saponins Yoshihiro MIMAKI, Akihito YOKOSUKA, Minpei KURODA, Yutaka SASHIDA 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1286-1289 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1286 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする We have systematically examined the cytotoxic activities of the steroidal saponins mainly isolated from the Liliaceae plants against HL-60 human promyelocytic leukemia cells and found several structure-activity relationships. Some steroidal saponins evaluated in the assay system showed considerable cytotoxic activities, which were almost as potent as that of etoposide used as a positive control. The activities were found to be sensitive to the monosaccharides constituting the sugar moieties and their sequences, as well as to the structures of the aglycons. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (84K) Notes Antiproliferative Constituents in the Plants 7. Leaves of Clerodendron bungei and Leaves and Bark of C. trichotomum Tsuneatsu NAGAO, Fumiko ABE, Hikaru OKABE 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1338-1341 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1338 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The constituents of the leaves of Clerodendron bungei STEUD. (Verbenaceae) and leaves and bark of C. trichotomum THUNB. were investigated guided by the antiproliferative activity against three tumor cell lines (MK-1: human gastric adenocarcinoma, HeLa: human uterus carcinoma, and B16F10: murine melanoma). Two phenylethanoid glycoside caffeic acid esters, acteoside and isoacteoside, were isolated as the constituents which selectively inhibit the growth of B16F10 cells. The antiproliferative activities against B16F10 cells of acteoside (GI50: 8 μM), isoacteoside (8 μM) and their methanolysis products, methyl caffeate (26 μM), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol (8 μM), 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl glucoside (10 μM), desrhamnosyl acteoside (6 μM), and desrhamnosyl isoacteoside (6μM) suggested that the 3,4-dihydroxyphenethyl alcohol group might be more responsible for the activities of acteoside and isoacteoside than the caffeoyl group. The activities of chlorogenic acid, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, 3-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl) alanine, 3,4-dihydroxy-phenethylamine hydrochloride, ferulic acid, sinapic acid, and five dihydroxybenzoic acids were also determined and compared with those of the above compounds. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (53K) Biopharmacy Regular Articles Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Analysis of the Antihypercalcemic Effect of Incadronate Disodium in Rats Yoshiyuki OHNO, Yasuhiko YAMADA, Takashi USUI, Koichiro TAKAHASHI, Fum ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1290-1293 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1290 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Incadronate concentrates into the bone as a target organ after intravenous administration of incadronate disodium. Mature osteoclasts has take up incadronate from the bone surface and convert it from an active to an inactive form. As a result, incadronate decreases the plasma calcium concentration by suppressing bone resorption. In this study, the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis model for ascertaining the antihypercalcemic effects of incadronate disodium was developed in rats. Data on both the concentration of incadronate in bone and that of free calcium in blood after intravenous administration from our previous study were used for analysis. To estimate the concentrations in the surface layer of bone, data on the concentration of incadronate in bone after single intravenous administration were analyzed based on the PK model considering three-compartments. The estimated concentrations in the surface layer in bone were applied to the PD model as an input function. The PD model was developed to analyze the changes in the plasma calcium concentration after a single intravenous administration considering an irreversible inhibition of osteoclast activity. The obtained fitted curves were in good agreement with the observed data. The model could explain the long duration of the antihypercalcemic effect of incadronate disodium and should be useful for planning rational dose regimens for effective antihypercalcemic therapy. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (55K) Relative Hypoglycemic Effect of Insulin Suppositories in Diabetic Beagle Dogs: Optimization of Various Concentrations of Sodium Salicylate and Polyoxyethylene-9-lauryl Ether Ehab AHMED HOSNY, Hasan Ibrahim AL-SHORA, Mohamad MOHEY ALDIN ELMAZAR 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1294-1297 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1294 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The effect of insulin suppositories containing different amounts and concentrations of sodium salicylate (50, 100 mg) and polyoxyethylene-9-lauryl ether (POELE 1, 3, 4%), respectively, on the plasma glucose concentration of diabetic beagle dogs was investigated after rectal administration. Comparison of the effects of these formulations was made with that produced after subcutaneous insulin injections. Insulin suppositories containing sodium salicylate (50 mg) produced a maximum reduction of plasma glucose concentration (Cmax) of 55±11%, an area under the curve (AUC) of 252±59% reduction h; and a relative hypoglycemia (RH) of 49±12% relative to subcutaneous injection of insulin (4 U/kg). Increasing sodium salicylate to 100 mg/suppository did not improve the hypoglycemic effect of insulin suppositories further. Investigation of the influence of insulin suppositories containing different concentrations of the nonionic surfactant POELE (1, 3, 4%) showed that; the suppositories containing the lowest concentration (1%) produced the highest hypoglycemic effect with a Cmax of 68%, AUC of 332±67% reduction h, and RH of 55±11%. Incorporation of sodium salicylate 50 mg in insulin suppositories containing 1% POELE did not improve further the effects found with these suppositories. In conclusion, a relative hypoglycemic effect of about 50—55% can be achieved using insulin suppositories containing Witepsol W35 as a base, insulin (5 U/kg), and sodium salicylate (50 mg) or POELE (1%) as rectal absorption enhancers. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (55K) Introduction of Recirculatory Analysis into Portal and Systemic Concentration Difference Method Shinya UEDA, Kiyoshi YAMAOKA, Yoneichi SAWAI, Terumichi NAKAGAWA 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1298-1304 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1298 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Recirculatory analysis was introduced into the portal and systemic concentration difference method with double dosing (PS-DD method), which is an evaluation system for the local intestinal and hepatic first-pass effect. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and cephalexin (CEX) were selected as model drugs. A new recirculatory system was constructed to predict the time courses of a drug concentration in the systemic and portal bloods. Bioavailability (F), local absorption ratio (Fa), hepatic recovery ratio (FH), and local mean absorption time (¯ta) estimated by recirculatory analysis were close to those calculated by moment analysis with numerical integration. Using recirculatory analysis, the sampling period was considerably shortened and the sampling number was also reduced, which demonstrates that recirculatory analysis is useful in PS-DD method. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (81K) Application of the PKCYP-test to Predict the Amount of in Vivo CYP2C11 Using Tolbutamide as a Probe Noriko MATSUNAGA, Taeko NISHIJIMA, Kenji HATTORI, Hisashi IIZASA, Keik ... 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1305-1310 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1305 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Previous reports have shown that the determination of drug metabolism capacity can be made by the pharmacokinetic estimation of the quantity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) in vivo (PKCYP-test), in which an apparent liver-to-blood free concentration gradient in vivo (qg) is introduced, which is useful for evaluating fluctuations of CYP1A2 in rats. The aim of the present study was to examine the application of the PKCYP-test to evaluate the quantity of in vivo CYP2C11 by using tolbutamide as a probe, to confirm its validity using a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic rat model. Rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4-treated rats) were used as a model for low levels of CYP2C11 in the liver. In CCl4-treated rats, the total body clearance (CLtot) of tolbutamide and the amount of CYP2C11 fell to about a quarter and a third of that in control rats, respectively. The time-course of tolbutamide concentrations in serum in control rats could be simulated by a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model. In CCl4-treated rats, take into consideration the qg value of control rats, the level of CYP2C11 was accurately predicted by the PKCYP-test, and the time-course of tolbutamide concentrations in serum could be predicted by the same physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model. In conclusion, we have shown that the PKCYP-test can be used to predict levels of CYP2C11. It was also demonstrated that the qg and amount of CYP are useful parameters in the PKCYP-test by constructing a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model which was applied to the PKCYP-test. 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (88K) Miscellaneous Regular Articles De Novo Regeneration of Scrophularia yoshimurae YAMAZAKI (Scrophulariaceae) and Quantitative Analysis of Harpagoside, an Iridoid Glucoside, Formed in Aerial and Underground Parts of In Vitro Propagated and Wild Plants by HPLC Abhay P. SAGARE, Chao-Lin KUO, Fu-Shin CHUEH, Hsin-Sheng TSAY 2001 年 24 巻 11 号 p. 1311-1315 発行日: 2001年公開日: 2002/06/28 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.24.1311 ジャーナルフリー抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする A protocol for de novo regeneration and rapid micropropagation of Scrophularia yoshimurae (Scrophulariaceae) has been developed. Multiple shoot development was achieved by culturing the shoot-tip, leaf-base, stem-node and stem-internode explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 4.44 μM N6-benzyladenine (BA) and 1.07 μM α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Stem-node and shoot-tip explants showed the highest response (100%) followed by stem-internode (74.4%) and leaf-base (7.7%) explants. The shoots were multiplied by subculturing on the same medium used for shoot induction. Shoots were rooted on growth regulator-free MS basal medium and the plantlets were transplanted to soil and acclimatized in the growth chamber. The content of harpagoside, a quantitatively predominant iridoid glycoside, in different plant material was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The analysis revealed that the content of harpagoside in the aerial and underground parts of S. yoshimurae was significantly higher than the marketed crude drug (underground parts of Scrophularia ningpoensis).
0.999998	巻 44 巻 43 巻 42 巻 41 巻 40 巻 39 巻 38 巻 37 巻 36 巻 35 巻 34 巻 33 巻 32 巻 31 巻 30 巻 29 巻 28 巻 27 巻 26 巻 25 巻 24 巻 23 巻 22 巻 21 巻 20 巻 19 巻 18 巻 17 巻 16 巻号 12 号 11 号 10 号 9 号 8 号 7 号 6 号 5 号 4 号 3 号 2 号 1 号検索検索閲覧巻、号、ページもしくは巻、ページを入力してください。検索条件と一致する記事が見つかりませんでした。検索結果に複数のレコードがあります。号を指定してください。詳細検索巻 44 巻 43 巻 42 巻 41 巻 40 巻 39 巻 38 巻 37 巻 36 巻 35 巻 34 巻 33 巻 32 巻 31 巻 30 巻 29 巻 28 巻 27 巻 26 巻 25 巻 24 巻 23 巻 22 巻 21 巻 20 巻 19 巻 18 巻 17 巻 16 巻号 12 号 11 号 10 号 9 号 8 号 7 号 6 号 5 号 4 号 3 号 2 号 1 号巻、号、ページもしくは巻、ページを入力してください。検索条件と一致する記事が見つかりませんでした。検索結果に複数のレコードがあります。号を指定してください。巻号一覧 44 巻 (2021) 12 号 p. 1801- 11 号 p. 1577- 10 号 p. 1349- 9 号 p. 1167- 8 号 p. 1029- 7 号 p. 895- 6 号 p. 747- 5 号 p. 599- 4 号 p. 465- 3 号 p. 293- 2 号 p. 159- 1 号 p. 1- 43 巻 (2020) 12 号 p. 1815- 11 号 p. 1617- 10 号 p. 1435- 9 号 p. 1293- 8 号 p. 1147- 7 号 p. 1027- 6 号 p. 919- 5 号 p. 757- 4 号 p. 575- 3 号 p. 361- 2 号 p. 195- 1 号 p. 1- 42 巻 (2019) 12 号 p. 1959- 11 号 p. 1773- 10 号 p. 1609- 9 号 p. 1437- 8 号 p. 1243- 7 号 p. 1059- 6 号 p. 857- 5 号 p. 649- 4 号 p. 517- 3 号 p. 303- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 41 巻 (2018) 12 号 p. 1737- 11 号 p. 1627- 10 号 p. 1495- 9 号 p. 1311- 8 号 p. 1119- 7 号 p. 979- 6 号 p. 835- 5 号 p. 663- 4 号 p. 451- 3 号 p. 287- 2 号 p. 153- 1 号 p. 1- 40 巻 (2017) 12 号 p. 2015- 11 号 p. 1819- 10 号 p. 1605- 9 号 p. 1337- 8 号 p. 1129- 7 号 p. 947- 6 号 p. 739- 5 号 p. 547- 4 号 p. 381- 3 号 p. 243- 2 号 p. 119- 1 号 p. 1- 39 巻 (2016) 12 号 p. 1903- 11 号 p. 1743- 10 号 p. 1569- 9 号 p. 1397- 8 号 p. 1231- 7 号 p. 1081- 6 号 p. 891- 5 号 p. 653- 4 号 p. 457- 3 号 p. 301- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 38 巻 (2015) 12 号 p. 1831- 11 号 p. 1681- 10 号 p. 1439- 9 号 p. 1255- 8 号 p. 1093- 7 号 p. 951- 6 号 p. 795- 5 号 p. 635- 4 号 p. 497- 3 号 p. 341- 2 号 p. 155- 1 号 p. 1- 37 巻 (2014) 12 号 p. 1853- 11 号 p. 1705- 10 号 p. 1575- 9 号 p. 1429- 8 号 p. 1259- 7 号 p. 1081- 6 号 p. 883- 5 号 p. 709- 4 号 p. 511- 3 号 p. 335- 2 号 p. 185- 1 号 p. 1- 36 巻 (2013) 12 号 p. 1871- 11 号 p. 1653- 10 号 p. 1525- 9 号 p. 1381- 8 号 p. 1227- 7 号 p. 1045- 6 号 p. 877- 5 号 p. 691- 4 号 p. 501- 3 号 p. 331- 2 号 p. 165- 1 号 p. 1- 35 巻 (2012) 12 号 p. 2103- 11 号 p. 1855- 10 号 p. 1621- 9 号 p. 1385- 8 号 p. 1201- 7 号 p. 999- 6 号 p. 811- 5 号 p. 643- 4 号 p. 445- 3 号 p. 273- 2 号 p. 131- 1 号 p. 1- 34 巻 (2011) 12 号 p. 1773- 11 号 p. 1653- 10 号 p. 1523- 9 号 p. 1357- 8 号 p. 1153- 7 号 p. 939- 6 号 p. 783- 5 号 p. 595- 4 号 p. 453- 3 号 p. 307- 2 号 p. 177- 1 号 p. 1- 33 巻 (2010) 12 号 p. 1925- 11 号 p. 1771- 10 号 p. 1639- 9 号 p. 1459- 8 号 p. 1261- 7 号 p. 1089- 6 号 p. 931- 5 号 p. 729- 4 号 p. 535- 3 号 p. 341- 2 号 p. 159- 1 号 p. 1- 32 巻 (2009) 12 号 p. 1947- 11 号 p. 1819- 10 号 p. 1639- 9 号 p. 1491- 8 号 p. 1313- 7 号 p. 1139- 6 号 p. 955- 5 号 p. 765- 4 号 p. 527- 3 号 p. 317- 2 号 p. 161- 1 号 p. 1- 31 巻 (2008) 12 号 p. 2163- 11 号 p. 1985- 10 号 p. 1819- 9 号 p. 1635- 8 号 p. 1469- 7 号 p. 1301- 6 号 p. 1053- 5 号 p. 775- 4 号 p. 541- 3 号 p. 327- 2 号 p. 173- 1 号 p. 1- 30 巻 (2007) 12 号 p. 2231- 11 号 p. 2001- 10 号 p. 1819- 9 号 p. 1597- 8 号 p. 1361- 7 号 p. 1187- 6 号 p. 1025- 5 号 p. 847- 4 号 p. 617- 3 号 p. 403- 2 号 p. 213- 1 号 p. 1- 29 巻 (2006) 12 号 p. 2335- 11 号 p. 2151- 10 号 p. 1991- 9 号 p. 1783- 8 号 p. 1525- 7 号 p. 1305- 6 号 p. 1075- 5 号 p. 855- 4 号 p. 595- 3 号 p. 397- 2 号 p. 191- 1 号 p. 1- 28 巻 (2005) 12 号 p. 2181- 11 号 p. 2029- 10 号 p. 1817- 9 号 p. 1543- 8 号 p. 1321- 7 号 p. 1137- 6 号 p. 941- 5 号 p. 773- 4 号 p. 565- 3 号 p. 399- 2 号 p. 195- 1 号 p. 1- 27 巻 (2004) 12 号 p. 1891- 11 号 p. 1701- 10 号 p. 1483- 9 号 p. 1321- 8 号 p. 1157- 7 号 p. 939- 6 号 p. 753- 5 号 p. 599- 4 号 p. 445- 3 号 p. 273- 2 号 p. 147- 1 号 p. 1- 26 巻 (2003) 12 号 p. 1641- 11 号 p. 1511- 10 号 p. 1375- 9 号 p. 1229- 8 号 p. 1065- 7 号 p. 911- 6 号 p. 753- 5 号 p. 573- 4 号 p. 397- 3 号 p. 285- 2 号 p. 129- 1 号 p. 1- 25 巻 (2002) 12 号 p. 1513- 11 号 p. 1391- 10 号 p. 1251- 9 号 p. 1121- 8 号 p. 945- 7 号 p. 823- 6 号 p. 695- 5 号 p. 547- 4 号 p. 401- 3 号 p. 275- 2 号 p. 149- 1 号 p. 1- 24 巻 (2001) 12 号 p. 1343- 11 号 p. 1219- 10 号 p. 1097- 9 号 p. 973- 8 号 p. 863- 7 号 p. 733- 6 号 p. 595- 5 号 p. 443- 4 号 p. 321- 3 号 p. 209- 2 号 p. 111- 1 号 p. 1- 23 巻 (2000) 12 号 p. 1399- 11 号 p. 1267- 10 号 p. 1125- 9 号 p. 1015- 8 号 p. 897- 7 号 p. 791- 6 号 p. 677- 5 号 p. 519- 4 号 p. 379- 3 号 p. 269- 2 号 p. 133- 1 号 p. 1- 22 巻 (1999) 12 号 p. 1257- 11 号 p. 1153- 10 号 p. 1015- 9 号 p. 889- 8 号 p. 773- 7 号 p. 663- 6 号 p. 551- 5 号 p. 441- 4 号 p. 333- 3 号 p. 229- 2 号 p. 111- 1 号 p. 1- 21 巻 (1998) 12 号 p. 1243- 11 号 p. 1121- 10 号 p. 1005- 9 号 p. 889- 8 号 p. 787- 7 号 p. 651- 6 号 p. 551- 5 号 p. 429- 4 号 p. 311- 3 号 p. 197- 2 号 p. 93- 1 号 p. 1- 20 巻 (1997) 12 号 p. 1219- 11 号 p. 1123- 10 号 p. 1047- 9 号 p. 943- 8 号 p. 825- 7 号 p. 721- 6 号 p. 589- 5 号 p. 467- 4 号 p. 299- 3 号 p. 211- 2 号 p. 113- 1 号 p. 1- 19 巻 (1996) 12 号 p. 1537- 11 号 p. 1391- 10 号 p. 1247- 9 号 p. 1115- 8 号 p. 1005- 7 号 p. 911- 6 号 p. 779- 5 号 p. 659- 4 号 p. 487- 3 号 p. 335- 2 号 p. 163- 1 号 p. 1- 18 巻 (1995) 12 号 p. 1627- 11 号 p. 1463- 10 号 p. 1311- 9 号 p. 1171- 8 号 p. 1031- 7 号 p. 933- 6 号 p. 797- 5 号 p. 643- 4 号 p. 481- 3 号 p. 377- 2 号 p. 199- 1 号 p. 1- 17 巻 (1994) 12 号 p. 1535- 11 号 p. 1437- 10 号 p. 1317- 9 号 p. 1151- 8 号 p. 997- 7 号 p. 875- 6 号 p. 763- 5 号 p. 559- 4 号 p. 463- 3 号 p. 361- 2 号 p. 169- 1 号 p. 1- 16 巻 (1993) 12 号 p. 1185- 11 号 p. 1061- 10 号 p. 949- 9 号 p. 817- 8 号 p. 735- 7 号 p. 621- 6 号 p. 525- 5 号 p. 437- 4 号 p. 335- 3 号 p. 217- 2 号 p. 99- 1 号 p. 1- 前身誌公衆衛生年報衛生化学 Journal of Health Science Journal of Pharmacobio-Dynamics 42 巻 , 12 号選択された号の論文の20件中1～20を表示していますメタデータをダウンロード RIS (EndNote、Reference Manager、ProCite、RefWorksとの互換性あり) Bib TeX (BibDesk、LaTeXとの互換性あり) テキストすべての抄録を非表示にするすべての抄録を表示する \|< < 1 > >\| Review Microglia-Mediated Regulation of Neuropathic Pain: Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Makoto Tsuda 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1959-1968 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00715 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Pain is a defense system that responds rapidly to harmful internal and external stimuli through the somatosensory neuronal pathway. However, damage to the nervous system through cancer, diabetes, infection, autoimmune disease, chemotherapy or trauma often leads to neuropathic pain, a debilitating chronic pain condition. Neuropathic pain is not simply a temporal continuum of acute nociceptive signals from the periphery, but rather due to pathologically altered functions in the nervous system, which shift the net neuronal excitatory balance toward excitation. Although alterations were long thought to be a result of changes in neurons, but an increasing body of evidence over the past decades indicates the necessity and sufficiency of microglia, the tissue-resident macrophages of the spinal cord and brain, for nerve injury-induced malfunction of the nervous system. In this review article, I describe our current understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying the role of microglia in the pathogenesis of neuropathic pain and discuss the therapeutic potential of microglia from recent advances in the development of new drugs targeting microglia. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (1020K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Regular Articles Toxicity and Selective Biochemical Assessment of Quercetin, Gallic Acid, and Curcumin in Zebrafish Rajendran Harishkumar, Lakki Pramod Kumar Reddy, Shivam H. Karadkar, M ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1969-1976 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00296 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする In recent years, numerous research outcomes were established on various naturally occurring compounds that have been shown to have beneficial antioxidant and other biological activities. Antioxidant defence mechanism plays a vital role in combating various diseases mainly due to oxidative stress. However, various models have been utilized to identify their bioactivities using these compounds (quercetin, gallic acid and curcumin). Their toxicity level also has to be explored to determine the threshold levels on the usage of these compounds. In this study, we investigated the lethal concentration of these compounds and abnormalities, biochemical and morphological changes in zebrafish embryo (Danio rerio). Toxicity level was evaluated by calculating the LD50 on the embryonic stages at 24, 48 and 72 h. Antioxidant parameters such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and biological assays such as lipid peroxidation, protein estimation were performed. Microscopic evaluations were also observed to find out morphological abnormalities. However, these naturally derived compounds are reported to have their protective and curative role in many health complications. From the above assays, we are studying the effect of the drugs in both biochemical and molecular way in the zebrafish model organism. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (2293K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Loss of Mitochondrial DNA by Gemcitabine Triggers Mitophagy and Cell Death Akihiro Inamura, Sanae Muraoka-Hirayama, Koichi Sakurai 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1977-1987 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00312 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Gemcitabine (2,2-difluorodeoxycytidine nucleic acid), an anticancer drug exhibiting a potent ability to kill cancer cells, is a frontline chemotherapy drug. Although some chemotherapeutic medicines are known to induce nuclear DNA damage, no investigation into mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage currently exists. When we treated insulinoma pancreatic β-cells (line INS-1) with high mitochondrial activity with gemcitabine for 24 h, the mtDNA contents were decreased. Gemcitabine induced a decrease in the number of mitochondria and the average potential of mitochondrial membrane in the cell but increased the superoxide anion radical levels. We observed that treatment with gemcitabine to induce cell death accompanied by autophagy-related protein markers, Atg5 and Atg7; these were significantly prevented by the autophagy inhibitors. The localization of Atg5 co-occurred with the location of mitochondria with membranes having high potential and mitophagy in cells treated with gemcitabine. The occurrence of mitophagy was inhibited by the inhibitors of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Our results led us to the conclusion that gemcitabine induced cell death through mitophagy with the loss of mtDNA. These findings may provide a rationale for the combination of mtDNA damage with mitophagy in future clinical applications for cancer cells. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (6179K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Effects of Human Placenta Extract (Laennec) on Ligament Healing in a Rodent Model Eun Ho Shin, Moonhang Kim, Binika Hada, Chang Taek Oh, Min Jung Jang, ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1988-1995 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00349 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Rich in bioactive substances such as amino acids and peptides, Laennec (human placenta hydrolysate) has been widely used to control various types of musculoskeletal pain. However, the effects of Laennec on tendon and ligament injuries are not clearly understood. In the present study, Laennec was tested to identify its in vivo effects on ligament injury in an animal model and its in vitro effects on tendon-derived fibrocytes. A total of 99 Sprague Dawley rats were divided into the negative control (normal) group (n = 11) and the ligament injury group (n = 88). The ligament injury group was subdivided into normal saline-treated group, Laennec-treated group, polydeoxyribonucleotide-treated group, and 20% dextrose-treated group. Ligaments were collected at 1 week and 4 weeks after treatment. Histologic and biomechanical properties were analyzed. In vitro effects of Laennec and polydeoxyribonucleotide on fibrocytes were also analyzed. Although all other treatment groups showed increased inflammatory cells, the Laennec-treated group maintained cell counts and activated macrophage levels that were similar to the normal group. Unlike the saline-treated group and dextrose-treated group, the Laennec-treated group had low levels of degenerative changes at 4 weeks after treatment. Supportively, in vitro results showed that the Laennec-treated group had increased collagen type I, scleraxis (Scx) and tenomodulin (Tnmd) expression (p < 0.05). Our study demonstrates that Laennec treatment enhances wound healing of damaged ligament by suppressing immune responses and reducing degenerative changes of damaged ligament. In addition, we found that Laennec induces the gene expression of type I collagen, Scx and Tnmd in fibrocytes, suggesting that Laennec may facilitate regeneration of damaged ligaments. Therefore, we expect that Laennec can be a useful drug to treat injured ligament. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (2977K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Effects of Anticholinergic Drugs Used for the Therapy of Overactive Bladder on P-Glycoprotein Activity Hirokazu Wakuda, Takashi Okura, Kana Maruyama-Fumoto, Satomi Kagota, Y ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 1996-2001 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00407 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする We evaluated the effects of anticholinergic drugs principally used for the therapy of overactive bladder (OAB) on the activity of P-glycoprotein, an efflux transport protein, in Caco-2 cells. The time-dependent changes in the fluorescence of residual rhodamine 123, a P-glycoprotein activity marker, in the apical region of Caco-2 cells were measured in the presence of anticholinergic drugs using time-lapse confocal laser scanning microscopy. The effect of anticholinergic drugs on human P-glycoprotein ATPase activity was also measured. The fluorescence of residual rhodamine 123 in untreated Caco-2 cells decreased over time. The gradual decrease in the fluorescence was significantly inhibited by treatment with cyclosporine A, darifenacin, and trospium. In contrast, oxybutynin, N-desethyl-oxybutynin (DEOB), propiverine, and its active metabolites (M-1, M-2), imidafenacin, solifenacin, or tolterodine had little effect on the efflux of rhodamine 123. P-Glycoprotein ATPase activity was increased by darifenacin. Darifenacin and trospium reduced the rhodamine 123 transfer across the apical cell membrane. These data suggest that darifenacin and trospium interact with P-glycoprotein. Additionally, darifenacin influenced P-glycoprotein ATPase activity. These results suggest that darifenacin may be a substrate of P-glycoprotein. This study is the first paper to test simultaneously the effects of 10 anticholinergic drugs used currently for the therapy of OAB, on the P-glycoprotein. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (556K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Metformin Induces Oxidative Stress-Mediated Apoptosis without the Blockade of Glycolysis in H4IIE Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells Deokbae Park 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2002-2008 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00474 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Metformin, a widely prescribed anti-diabetic drug, also exerts anti-cancer effects in different types of cancers. Although a number of molecular mechanisms have been suggested, the metabolic features underlying metformin’s anti-cancer activity is not fully understood enough. Because cancer cells have been known to prefer inefficient aerobic glycolysis to support their proliferation, it is important to clarify by which metformin affects metabolism to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. Here, we report the metabolic changes induced by metformin and its relevance to the induction of apoptosis in H4II rat hepatocellular carcinoma cells. H4IIE cells were treated with metformin and other reagents in culture media with various nutritional compositions. Glutamine as well as pyruvate enhanced the viability of H4IIE cells in glucose-deprived conditions. Protective effects of glucose and pyruvate were comparable at same concentrations (5 mM). Metformin induced apoptosis irrespective of any nutritional conditions. Glucose consumption and lactate production were stimulated by metformin. Inhibition of glycolysis by 2-deoxyglucose suppressed the metformin-induced lactate production but additively enhanced metformin’s pro-apoptotic effect. These results indicate that metformin does not interfere but accelerate glycolysis. Unexpectedly, the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) was markedly stimulated by metformin. A potent antioxidant, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) suppressed all pro-apoptotic changes as well as ROS generation induced by metformin. Taken together, metformin does not interfere with glycolysis but promotes apoptosis by enhancing oxidative stress. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (1332K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Effect of Yokukansan and Yokukansankachimpihange on Aggressive Behavior, 5-HT Receptors and Arginine Vasopressin Expression in Social Isolation-Reared Mice Hikari Iba, Takuya Watanabe, Kanae Matsuzawa, Maki Saimiya, Masako Tan ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2009-2015 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00499 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The traditional herbal medicines yokukansan (YKS) and yokukansankachimpihange (YKSCH) are prescribed for neurosis, insomnia or night crying and irritability in children. YKSCH comprises YKS and two additional herbs, a chimpi and a hange, and is used to treat digestive function deficiencies. However, the differences between the effects of YKS and YKSCH on brain function are unclear. The present study examined the effects of YKS and YKSCH on aggressive behavior in mice reared under a social isolation (SI) condition. Mice were housed individually for 6 weeks. YKS and YKSCH were administered orally for 2 weeks before aggression tests. SI increased aggressive behavior against naïve mice, and YKS, but not YKSCH, significantly attenuated this aggressive behavior. Because serotonin (5-HT)2A and 5-HT3A receptor antagonists are reported to have anti-aggressive effects, the mRNA levels of these receptors were examined. YKS attenuated the SI-induced increase in 5-HT2A and 5-HT3A receptor mRNA in the amygdala. On the other hand, YKSCH attenuated the SI-induced increase in 5-HT1A receptor mRNA. YKS and YKSCH did not affect 5-HT and its metabolite 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid content in the amygdala. However, YKSCH increased the mRNA level of arginine vasopressin (AVP), which is a neuropeptide that has been implicated in aggression, in the amygdala. These results suggest that YKS ameliorates aggressive behavior by decreasing 5-HT2A and 5-HT3A receptor expression. The YKSCH-induced increase in AVP may disrupt the anti-aggressive effect of YKS. YKS may be more effective than YKSCH for treating irritability if digestive function deficiencies are not considered. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (504K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Characteristics and Early Hypoglycemic Medications of Patients at Risk of Progression to Type 2 Diabetes in Japan: A Retrospective Cohort Study of Health Checkup and Claims Data Norihito Kanai, Aiko Shono, Akifumi Kushiyama, Manabu Akazawa 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2016-2023 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00505 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Medication therapy management by tracking patients with risk of progression to type 2 diabetes has not been investigated in Japan. We aimed to assess the characteristics of these patients and their early medications. Claims (n = 190507) and health checkup data (n = 106984) between April 2005 and March 2015 in Japan were selected. We selected patients aged ≥40 years with fasting plasma glucose levels of 100–125 mg/dL or glycated hemoglobin A1c values of 5.7–6.4%. The early-medication group comprised patients who received hypoglycemic medications within 6 months after their first clinic visit, while the no-medication group comprised patients who did not receive any hypoglycemic medications. Main outcome measures were characteristics and early hypoglycemic medications of patients at risk of progression to type 2 diabetes. Of 5676 individuals, hypoglycemic medications were initiated in 276 (5%). The early-medication group had a higher proportion of individuals with a body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 and current smokers and drinkers than the no-medication group. Approximately 83% of patients in the early-medication group were prescribed a single hypoglycemic medication, and since 2010, dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors were prescribed to one-third of these patients. In our population, early hypoglycemic medication was initiated within 6 months of the first clinic visit, indicating that initiation took place earlier than recommended by current guidelines. Early hypoglycemic medications, especially dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors with low risks of hypoglycemia, might be prescribed based on patient characteristics. Further epidemiological studies are needed to confirm the suitability of early hypoglycemic medication. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (657K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Application of a Recombinant Three-Factor Chromogenic Reagent, PyroSmart, for Bacterial Endotoxins Test Filed in the Pharmacopeias Masashi Muroi, Norihiko Ogura, Hikaru Mizumura, Jun Aketagawa, Toshio ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2024-2037 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 [早期公開] 公開日: 2019/10/05 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00517 ジャーナルフリー HTML 電子付録抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Assays using lysate reagents prepared from horseshoe crab hemocyte extract (limulus amoebocyte lysate, LAL) are commonly and widely used to detect and measure endotoxin in parenteral drugs and medical devices. However, lysate reagents suffer from lot-to-lot variations leading to possible fluctuations in testing. Also, this continued usage of lysate reagents leads to the possible decline of the horseshoe crab population. Recently, a new recombinant chromogenic reagent, PyroSmart, consisting of three recombinant factors was introduced to the market. There are now three recombinant products; two with recombinant factor C reagents and PyroSmart with the complete recombinant LAL system. We evaluated the applicability of the reagent to the harmonized bacterial endotoxins test in the United States, European and Japanese pharmacopeias. The recombinant product showed equivalent potency of thirteen endotoxins from different bacterial strains to conventional chromogenic lysate reagents as long as their assay modes are identical. All analytical characteristics or assay parameters of the reagent satisfied the acceptance criteria which are set for the use for the bacterial endotoxins test filed in the pharmacopeias. All of 109 parenteral drugs tested can be measured with PyroSmart within respective maximum allowable dilutions. The lot-to-lot variation in recovery of endotoxin added in the parenteral drugs for PyroSmart was equal to or less than those of six limulus lysate reagents. In conclusion, the present study suggests that the recombinant reagent, PyroSmart, provide a good alternative to the LAL reagents with better lot-to-lot variation. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (607K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Evaluation of the Theranostic Potential of Perfluorohexane-Based Acoustic Nanodroplets Rodi Abdalkader, Johan Unga, Fumiyoshi Yamashita, Kazuo Maruyama, Mits ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2038-2044 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 [早期公開] 公開日: 2019/09/25 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00525 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする In this study, we have prepared perfluorohexane (PFH)-based acoustic nanodroplets (PFH-NDs) and evaluated their theranostic characteristics. Nile Red (NR) was incorporated into PFH-NDs as a model of hydrophobic drugs (NR-PFH-NDs). The mean particle diameters of PFH-NDs and NR-PFH-NDs were 205 ± 1.8 nm and 346.3 ± 6 nm, respectively. There was no significant PFH leakage from PFH-NDs during 90 min incubation at 37°C in the presence of 10% rat serum. The in vitro ultrasonography showed that the phase transition of PFH-NDs from liquid droplets to gassed bubbles could be induced by therapeutic low-intensity ultrasound with a frequency of 1 MHz and an intensity of 5 W/cm2. Irradiation of ultrasound in combination with NR-PFH-NDs enhanced uptake of NR in murine adenocarcinoma cells (C26). After intravenous injection of PFH-NDs to mice, PFH gradually disappeared from blood circulation with an elimination half-life of 43.3 min. Intravenous injection of PFH-NDs also resulted in significant contrast enhancement in the mouse carotid artery upon therapeutic low-intensity ultrasound irradiation. These results suggest the potential of PFH-NDs as a novel contrast agent for further theranostic applications. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (4559K) HTML形式で全画面表示 A Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Five Novel Genetic Markers for Trastuzumab-Induced Cardiotoxicity in Japanese Population Mari Hara Nakano, Chihiro Udagawa, Arata Shimo, Yasuyuki Kojima, Reiko ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2045-2053 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 [早期公開] 公開日: 2019/10/09 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00527 ジャーナルフリー HTML 電子付録抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Trastuzumab has been administered to patients with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive cancer, however, the cardiotoxicity is identified as one of the life-threatening toxicities. Clinically useful biomarker for trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity has been expected to be developed. To identify a novel genetic marker(s) determining the risk of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity, we performed a first genome-wide association study (GWAS) in Japanese population. We enrolled 481 patients who had been treated with trastuzumab and carried out a GWAS using 11 cases (with cardiotoxicity) and 257 controls (without cardiotoxicity). Top 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which revealed the smallest p values in GWAS (p = 7.60 × 10−7 − 2.01 × 10−4) were further examined using replication samples consisted of 14 cases and 199 controls. The combined analysis of the GWAS and replication study indicated possible association of five loci with trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity (rs9316695 on chromosome 13q14.3, rs28415722 on chromosome 15q26.3, rs7406710 on chromosome 17q25.3, rs11932853 on chromosome 4q25, and rs8032978 on chromosome 15q26.3, Pcombined = 6.00 × 10−6, 8.88 × 10−5, 1.07 × 10−4, 1.42 × 10−4, 1.60 × 10−4, respectively). Furthermore, we developed a risk prediction model for trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity using the five marker SNPs. The incidence of trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity in patients with risk score ≥5 was significantly higher (42.5%) compared to that in patients with score ≤ 4 (1.8%) (p = 7.82 × 10−15, odds ratio = 40.0). These findings suggest the potential to improve the ability of physicians to avoid the trastuzumab-induced cardiotoxicity for patients with HER2-positive cancer. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (2114K) HTML形式で全画面表示 X-Ray Crystallographic Structure of Hericium erinaceus Ribonuclease, RNase He1 in Complex with Zinc Hiroko Kobayashi, Takeshi Sangawa, Katsuki Takebe, Naomi Motoyoshi, Ta ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2054-2061 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00532 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする RNase He1 is a guanylic acid-specific ribonuclease of the RNase T1 family from Hericium erinaceus (Japanese name: Yamabushitake). Its RNA degrading activity is strongly inhibited by Zn2+, similar to other T1 family RNases. However, RNase He1 shows little inhibition of human tumor cell proliferation, unlike RNase Po1, another T1 family RNase from Pleurotus ostreatus (Japanese name: Hiratake). Here, we determined the three-dimensional X-ray crystal structure of RNase He1 in complex with Zn, which revealed that Zn binding most likely prevents substrate entry into the active site due to steric hindrance. This could explain why RNase He1 and other T1 family RNases are inhibited by Zn. The X-ray crystal structures revealed that RNase He1 and RNase Po1 are almost identical in their catalytic sites and in the cysteine residues involved in disulfide bonds that increase their stability. However, our comparison of the electrostatic potentials of their molecular surfaces revealed that RNase He1 is negative whereas RNase Po1 is positive; thus, RNase He1 may not be able to electrostatically bind to the plasma membrane, potentially explaining why it does not exhibit antitumor activity. Hence, we suggest that the cationic characteristics of RNase Po1 are critical to the anti-tumor properties of the protein. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (5675K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Impact of Light Shielding on Photo-Degradation of Dacarbazine during the Preparation Process Masaki Tashiro, Takafumi Naito, Chikoto Yamamoto, Shin-Ya Katoh, Junic ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2062-2068 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00537 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Dacarbazine (DTIC) is converted to the photo-degradation product 4-diazoimidazole-5-carboxamide (Diazo-IC) by light. Diazo-IC production is often responsible for the pain reactions observed during peripheral intravenous infusion of DTIC in clinical settings. Although light shielding during infusion decreases the photo-degradation of DTIC, its usefulness for the preparation of DTIC has not yet been fully clarified. The aim of this study was to investigate the light conditions during the preparation of DTIC solution in the compounding room from the viewpoint of the production amount of Diazo-IC. DTIC solution was prepared in the compounding room. Various light and temperature conditions and dissolving solutions during the preparation were investigated. The amounts of DTIC and Diazo-IC in solutions were determined using an HPLC coupled to UV detection. The photo-degradation of DTIC was estimated by the amount of Diazo-IC. Diazo-IC production in the dissolving solutions increased in a time-dependent manner at 4 and 25°C under light shielding. Light exposure during the dissolving process did not affect the DTIC and Diazo-IC concentrations. Light shielding during dissolution did not alter the Diazo-IC production until 4 h after dilution. In conclusion, short duration light exposure did not affect Diazo-IC production. These findings suggest that light shielding is not needed in the preparation of DTIC in the compounding room from the viewpoint of Diazo-IC production. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (411K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Development of a Novel Platform of Proteome Profiling Based on an Easy-to-Handle and Informative 2D-DIGE System Setsuo Kinoshita, Tadahaya Mizuno, Megumi Hori, Michiaki Kohno, Hiroyu ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2069-2075 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00571 ジャーナルフリー HTML 電子付録抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Proteome profiling based on two-dimensional (2D)-DIGE might be a useful tool for investigating drug-like compounds and the mode of action of drugs. However, obtaining data for profiling requires high labor costs, and it is difficult to control the reproducibility of spot positions because 2D-DIGE usually requires large-size glass plates and spot alignments are greatly affected by the quality of DryStrips and polyacrylamide gels (PAGs). Therefore, we have developed a novel platform by employing small size DryStrips and PAGs, and an image analysis strategy based on dual correction of spot alignment and volume. Our system can automatically detect a large number of consistent spots through all images. Cytosol fractions of HeLa cells treated with dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) or bortezomib were analyzed, 1697 consistent spots were detected, and 775 of them were significantly changed with the treatment. Deviations between different days and lot sets of DryStrips and PAGs were investigated by calculating the correlation coefficients. The mean values of the correlation between days and lot sets were 0.96 and 0.94, respectively. Clustering analysis of all the treatment data clearly separated the DMSO or bortezomib treated groups beyond day deviations. Thus, we have succeeded in developing an easy-to-handle 2D-DIGE system that can be a novel proteome profiling platform. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (2902K) HTML形式で全画面表示 The Cyclitol L-(+)-Bornesitol as an Active Marker for the Cardiovascular Activity of the Brazilian Medicinal Plant Hancornia speciosa Luciana N. Moreira, Grazielle C. Silva, Diógenes V. Câmara, Rodrigo M. ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2076-2082 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00601 ジャーナルフリー HTML 電子付録抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The cyclitol bornesitol is the main constituent of the leaves from the antihypertensive medicinal plant Hancornia speciosa. This study aimed to investigate the ability of bornesitol to reduce blood pressure and its mechanism of action. Normotensive Wistar rats were divided into control group and bornesitol groups treated intravenously with bornesitol (0.1, 1.0 and 3.0 mg/kg). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were recorded in non-anesthetized awake animals. Nitric oxide (NO) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) were measured in plasma by using colorimetric methods. Vascular reactivity study was performed in rat aorta rings and the involvement of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), calcium-calmodulin complex and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in the vasodilator effect was investigated. Administration of bornesitol significantly reduced the SBP, increased the plasmatic level of nitrite, and decreased ACE activity in normotensive rats. In the rat aorta, bornesitol induced endothelium-dependent vasodilatation, which was abolished by NOS blockade. While calcium-calmodulin complex inhibition decreased the vasodilator effect of bornesitol, the inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway did not alter it. Bornesitol reduced the blood pressure by a mechanism involving an increased production or bioavailability of NO, inhibition of ACE, and by an endothelium- and NO-dependent vasodilator effect. The present results support the use of bornesitol as an active marker for the cardiovascular activity of Hancornia speciosa. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (824K) HTML形式で全画面表示 The Quality of Spontaneous Adverse Drug Reaction Reports in China: A Descriptive Study Yue Chen, Rui Niu, Yufang Xiang, Ningsheng Wang, Junfeng Bai, Bianling ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2083-2088 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00637 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Pharmacovigilance is important to monitor the safety of drugs. There are, however, problems with the quality of adverse drug reaction reports in China. This study aimed to analyze the quality of adverse drug reaction reports in China, identify the factors affecting it, and propose measures to improve it. In our study, the western province of Shaanxi, the central province of Hubei and the eastern province of Jiangsu were chosen as typical, and adverse drug reaction reports from these three provinces from 2015 to 2017 were systematically sampled. The sampling reports were scored and graded to assess their quality. The results showed that only 10.18% were considered high quality in a total of 3429 reports. There were statistically significant differences in quality by year, province, report type, report source, and occupation of the reporter (p < 0.001). Reports from Shaanxi were slightly poorer quality, and “new” and “serious” reports and those from pharmacists were higher quality. Five indicators were particularly poor quality: patient information, adverse drug reaction, reporter information, drug information and vigilance. In conclusion, the quality of adverse drug reaction reports in China still needs improvement. Factors affecting quality included timing, location, report type, report source, and reporter’s occupation. It may be helpful to publicize the importance of monitoring adverse drug reactions and improve the knowledge of reporters. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (329K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Augmented Renal Clearance of Vancomycin in Hematologic Malignancy Patients Tomohiro Izumisawa, Tomoyoshi Kaneko, Masakazu Soma, Masahiko Imai, No ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2089-2094 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 [早期公開] 公開日: 2019/09/18 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00652 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The pharmacokinetics of vancomycin (VAN) was retrospectively examined based on trough concentrations at large scale to identify pharmacokinetic differences between Japanese hematologic malignancy and non-malignancy patients. Data from 261 hematologic malignancy patients and 261 non-malignancy patients, including the patient’s background, VAN dose, and pharmacokinetics of VAN estimated by an empirical Bayesian method, were collected and analyzed. Our results showed significantly higher values for VAN clearance and shorter elimination half-lives in patients with hematologic malignancies than non-malignancy patients. In addition, multiple regression analysis under adjusting for confounding factors by propensity score, showed that VAN clearance significantly increased in relation to hematologic malignancies. In conclusion, since in hematologic cancer patients VAN clearance is increased, the blood concentration of VAN becomes lower than expected and this may contribute to the survival of resistant bacteria when VAN is administered at low doses. These results suggest that early monitoring of VAN levels in hematologic cancer patients might be recommended to maintain desired effects without side-effects. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (363K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Improvement Effects of Trehangelin A on High-Fat Diet Causing Metabolic Clinical Conditions Hiroki Ishikawa, Satoshi Ino, Takuji Nakashima, Hirotaka Matsuo, Yōko ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2095-2101 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00668 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The purpose of this study is to determine whether or not trehangelin A (THG-A) is effective in treating the metabolic clinical condition caused by a high-fat diet. The body weight, epididymal adipose volume, alanine transaminase (ALT), total-cholesterol (T-CHO), triglycerides (TG), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and glucose concentrations in serum increased in mice fed a high-fat diet compared to mice fed a control diet. On the other hand, adiponectin level in serum of mice fed a high-fat diet decreased compared to that of control mice. When mice fed a high-fat diet were intraperitoneally administered THG-A of 20 mg/kg three times per week, the levels of TG and glucose in serum were significantly reduced compared to those fed high-fat without THG-A. Interestingly, the levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in serum were increased by THG-A administration in both mice fed a control diet and those fed high-fat diet. The decreased level of adiponectin by a high-fat diet was also recovered by THG-A treatment. The liver expression of mRNA from pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were significantly increased in mice fed a high-fat diet compared to those fed a control diet. However, the increased IL-6 levels in mice fed a high-fat diet were significantly suppressed by THG-A treatment. Furthermore, the increased expression of TNF-α mRNA or COL1A2 mRNA by a high-fat diets tended to be decreased in mice treated with THG-A. These results show that THG-A treatment attenuates the progression of metabolic clinical conditions, suggesting its potential efficacy against obesity-related metabolic disorders. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (3406K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Evaluation of the Water Content and Skin Permeability of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients in Ketoprofen Poultice Formulations Removed from Their Airtight Containers and Left at Room Temperature Yoshihisa Yamamoto, Rie Yamauchi, Shuji Ohno, Kazunori Asai, Toshiro F ... 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2102-2108 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00758 ジャーナルフリー HTML 電子付録抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする The poultice formulation is a patch containing a large amount of water. It is known that the water contained in the adhesive polymer layer (ADPL) of poultice affects the cooling sensation and skin permeability of the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). In this study, we evaluated the relationship between the water content in a ketoprofen poultice formulation and the amount of time the poultice was left out at room temperature after removal from the airtight container, as well as the influence of the decreasing water content on the skin permeability of the API. After removing the poultice from the container for 1 h, the mass of the ADPL decreased by approximately 40%. When the near-infrared (NIR) spectrum of the ADPL of poultice was measured, the peaks reflecting the hydroxyl group were attenuated depending on the time left out at room temperature. It is suggested that the changes in the mass and NIR spectrum of the ADPL are caused by the change in the water content. Moreover, when the permeability of API was evaluated on hairless mouse skin, the cumulative skin permeation amount and flux decreased, while the lag time was prolonged as the time left out increased. These results suggest that the skin permeability of the API is impaired by water evaporation and that maintaining the water in the ADPL in poultice is very important from not only the viewpoint of cooling sensation, tackiness and moisturizing but also the skin permeability of the API. Graphical Abstract Fullsize Image 抄録全体を表示 PDF形式でダウンロード (709K) HTML形式で全画面表示 Note Sulforaphane Exhibits Cytotoxic Effects against Primary Effusion Lymphoma Cells by Suppressing p38MAPK and AKT Phosphorylation Yuki Ishiura, Hanako Ishimaru, Tadashi Watanabe, Masahiro Fujimuro 2019 年 42 巻 12 号 p. 2109-2112 発行日: 2019/12/01 公開日: 2019/12/01 DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1248/bpb.b19-00659 ジャーナルフリー HTML 抄録を表示する抄録を非表示にする Primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin’s B-cell lymphoma and is caused by Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) in immunosuppressed patients. PEL is an aggressive lymphoma and is frequently resistant to conventional chemotherapies. Sulforaphane (SFN), a natural compound found in cruciferous vegetables and broccoli sprouts, modulates signaling pathways and epigenetic gene expression. However, the anti-proliferative effects of SFN on PEL cells and the underlying mechanisms have not been identified. Here, we found that SFN decreased the viability of KSHV-infected PEL cells compared to KSHV-uninfected B-lymphoma cells. The anti-proliferative effects of SFN on PEL cells were mediated by apoptosis with activating caspases. In addition, SFN inhibited the phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) and AKT in PEL cells. We also showed that p38MAPK and AKT inhibitors reduced PEL cell growth. The constitutive and/or transient activation of p38MAPK and AKT signaling are necessary for the survival and proliferation of PEL cells. Our data and previous literature indicate that SFN represses the phosphorylation of p38MAPK and AKT, which results in PEL cell apoptosis. Moreover, we investigated whether MG132 or sangivamycin (Sangi) in combination with SFN potentiated the cytotoxic effects of SFN on PEL cells. Compared to treatment with SFN alone, the addition of MG132 or Sangi enhanced the cytotoxic activity of SFN in a synergistic manner. In conclusion, the anti-proliferative effects of SFN indicate its potential as a new substance for the treatment of PEL.
0.999948	<p><p>WASHINGTON – In a potential leap forward in the global fight against the pandemic, drugmaker Merck said Friday that its experimental pill for people sick with COVID-19 reduced hospitalizations and deaths by half.</p></p><p><p>If cleared by regulators, it would be the first pill shown to treat COVID-19, adding an entirely new, easy-to-use weapon to an arsenal that already includes the vaccine.</p></p><p><p>The company said it will soon ask health officials in the U.S. and around the world to authorize the pill’s use. A decision from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration could come within weeks after that, and the drug, if it gets the OK, could be distributed quickly soon afterward.</p></p><p><p>All other COVID-19 treatments now authorized in the U.S. require an IV or injection. A pill taken at home, by contrast, would ease pressure on hospitals and could also help curb outbreaks in poorer and more remote corners of the world that don’t have access to the more expensive infusion therapies.</p></p><p><p>“This would allow us to treat many more people much more quickly and, we trust, much less expensively,” said Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease expert at Vanderbilt University who was not involved in the research.</p></p><p><p>Merck and its partner Ridgeback Biotherapeutics said early results showed patients who received the drug, molnupiravir, within five days of COVID-19 symptoms had about half the rate of hospitalization and death as those who received a dummy pill.</p></p><p><p>The study tracked 775 adults with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 who were considered high risk for severe disease because of health problems such as obesity, diabetes or heart disease. The results have not been reviewed by outside experts, the usual procedure for vetting new medical research.</p></p><p><p>Among patients taking molnupiravir, 7.3% were either hospitalized or died at the end of 30 days, compared with 14.1% of those getting the dummy pill. After that time period, there were no deaths among those who received the drug, compared with eight in the placebo group, according to Merck.</p></p><p><p>The results were so strong that an independent group of medical experts monitoring the trial recommended stopping it early.</p></p><p><p>Company executives said they plan to submit the data to the FDA in the coming days.</p></p><p><p>Even with the news of a potentially effective new treatment, experts stressed the importance of vaccines for controlling the pandemic, given that they help prevent transmission and also reduce the severity of illness in those who do get infected.</p></p><p><p>White House coronavirus coordinator Jeff Zients said that vaccination will remain the government’s main strategy for controlling the pandemic. “We want to prevent infections, not just wait to treat them when they happen,” he said.</p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Dr. Anthony Fauci, the government’s foremost authority on infectious diseases, called the results from Merck “very good news.”</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Merck only studied its drug in people who were not vaccinated. But FDA regulators may consider authorizing it for broader use in vaccinated patients who get breakthrough COVID-19 symptoms.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Andrew Pekosz of Johns Hopkins University predicted vaccines and antiviral drugs would ultimately be used together to protect against the worst effects of COVID-19.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>“These shouldn’t be seen as replacements for vaccination – the two should be seen as two strategies that can be used together to significantly reduce severe disease,” said Pekosz, a virology specialist.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Patients take four pills of molnupiravir twice a day for five days. Side effects were reported by both groups in the Merck trial, but they were slightly more common among those who received a dummy pill. The company did not specify the problems.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Earlier study results showed the drug did not benefit patients who were already hospitalized with severe disease. That’s not surprising, given that antiviral drugs are most effective when used before the virus ramps up in the body.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>The U.S. has approved one antiviral drug, remdesivir, for COVID-19, and allowed emergency use of three antibody therapies that help the immune system fight the virus. But all the drugs are expensive and have to given by IV or injection at hospitals or clinics, and supplies have been stretched by the latest surge of the delta variant.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>The antibody drugs have been shown to reduce hospitalization and death by roughly 70% when given to high-risk patients, roughly 20 percentage points more than Merck’s pill. But experts cautioned against comparing results from the two, given the preliminary nature of Merck’s data.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Health experts, including Fauci, have long called for a convenient pill that patients could take when COVID-19 symptoms first appear, much the way Tamiflu is given to help speed recovery from the flu.</span></p></p><p><p>Like other antivirals, Merck’s pill works by interfering with the virus’s ability to copy its genetic code and reproduce itself.<span class=”print_trim”>The U.S. government has committed to purchasing enough pills to treat 1.7 million people, assuming the FDA authorizes the drug. Merck said it can produce pills for 10 million patients by the end of the year and has contracts with governments worldwide. The company has not announced prices.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Several other companies, including Pfizer and Roche, are studying similar drugs and could report results in the coming weeks and months.</span></p></p><p><p><span class=”print_trim”>Merck had planned to enroll more than 1,500 patients in its late-stage trial before the independent board stopped it early. The results reported Friday included patients across Latin America, Europe and Africa. Executives estimated 10% of patients studied were from the U.S.</span></p></p>
0.999931	I'm a product description. I'm a great place to add more details about your product such as sizing, material, care instructions and cleaning instructions. I'm a product SKU: 364115376135191 $10.00Price Color Quantity Add to Cart PRODUCT INFO I'm a product detail. I'm a great place to add more information about your product such as sizing, material, care and cleaning instructions. This is also a great space to write what makes this product special and how your customers can benefit from this item. RETURN & REFUND POLICY I’m a Return and Refund policy. I’m a great place to let your customers know what to do in case they are dissatisfied with their purchase. Having a straightforward refund or exchange policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy with confidence. SHIPPING INFO I'm a shipping policy. I'm a great place to add more information about your shipping methods, packaging and cost. Providing straightforward information about your shipping policy is a great way to build trust and reassure your customers that they can buy from you with confidence.
0.91846	What’s happening: The Red Hook cafe and bakery is celebrating the opening of its third location with a grand opening party this Friday, Aug. 27. The coffee shop first opened on the Dennis Archer Greenway this past Friday, Aug. 20, and is operating under a “soft opening” until the big day. Where and when: The new Red Hook is located at 2761 E. Jefferson Ave. in Detroit, with its storefront facing the Dennis Archer Greenway. The grand opening celebration occurs Friday, Aug. 27, from 2 to 4 p.m. and will feature giveaways and more. What it is: The Red Hook coffee shop first opened in downtown Ferndale a little over a decade ago, with a second location opening in Detroit’s West Village and the purchase of Pinwheel Bakery following that. Dubbed Red Hook Greenway, the new location features the same drinks and baked goods that customers have come to love. Location, location, location: Sandi Heaselgrave, owner and operator, says that she initially planned on opening two new locations, but the COVID-19 pandemic forced her to scale back to just one. “We love the new location. We’re close enough to the other shops but not too close. And we love how close to the greenway and riverfront we are. It just seemed like a natural progression,” Heaselgrave says. “We’ve noticed in West Village that we get a lot of bicyclists in the summer. This greenway has a beautiful bike path and I thought it would lend itself to a lot of passers-by, a lot of foot traffic — and especially in the summer.” Taking COVID seriously: Each Red Hook location has limited their service to walk-up windows, closing the interior of the cafes until a later date. Heaselgrave says she’s still not sure when indoor service will resume. Outdoor seating, and especially so at the new location along the greenway, is available. “It’s been a good system with the walk-up windows. I think our customers appreciate that we’re taking their safety and our employees’ safety very seriously,” Heaselgrave says. “I think that’s a big reason why they return, day after day.”
0.999995	Whining gets parents' attention, and (because we are human) we often react with frustration or anger. Research suggests that people tend to experience whining, which peaks when kids are between 2 and 4 years old, as “one of the most distracting sounds on the planet," and view it as more annoying than a screeching sound on wood, crying, heavy drilling or other uncomfortable nails-on-a-chalkboard type sounds. Exasperated parents may respond with “Stop whining!" or “I can't hear you when you talk in that voice!" Alternatively, we may simmer in silent frustration, closing the fridge with a little added vigor or edgily slamming a red cup down in exchange for the coveted blue one. To react to whining with compassion (instead of annoyance), parents can remind themselves of the science-based reasons why kids whine, and what they are trying to accomplish with it. Here are 5 reasons kids whine, and how parents can respond with compassion: 1. Kids may whine because they need your help or resources Dr. Jessica Michaelson suggests that one of the main reasons kids whine is because they are exhausted and need your help. She suggests that sometimes, through a whine, they are telling you, “I can't act big anymore, please take care of me like I was a baby." When kids get stressed, hungry, thirsty, tired or overwhelmed (often by a change in routine), their sweet natural voices get replaced by high-pitched, need-it-now tones. They may require immediate resources—a nap, some water or milk, a snack, a rest, a diaper change—and, whether they are aware of it or not, they are falling in line with the science-tested truth that when you whine, you tend to get people's attention (and resources) faster than when you don't. It's just more effective. Researchers have found that people tune in more to whining than to neutral speech or crying. It makes their skin crawl (higher skin reactivity) and distracts them from whatever else they are doing. Try this: When your child whines, ask yourself, “Is my child tired, hungry, thirsty, stressed or overwhelmed?" "Are we packing too much in our day?" "Did they go to bed late last night?" "Is an emotional issue (e.g. new baby or trouble with a preschool friend) weighing on them?" "Is a physical issue (e.g. sick, new tooth, or pain) bothering them?" Remind yourself, "This whine is an urgent request for a resource or comfort." 2. Kids may whine because they need more connection or positivity. Psychologist Becky Bailey argues that sometimes whining is a signal that a child needs more connection. She suggests that if kids are especially whiny, they may need some focused one-on-one time with their parents, such as reading, cooking a meal or playing together. John Gottman's research indicates that kids may also need parents to "turn toward" them more often when they express a “bid" for emotional connection. When a child says, “Will you play with me," a parent can “turn toward" the child by saying, “Yes, let's play! I love playing with you!" and make time for it. When a toddler holds his arm up to be held, a parent can "turn toward" her by scooping her up for a snuggle. Research also suggests that kids whine more when the family environment is negative or conflictual. In one study, when mothers showed more negativity, kids argued and fought more; and when fathers showed more negativity, kids whined and cried more. Negative displays of emotion in both mothers and fathers were “robust predictors" of how much children used “negative emotion words" in everyday life. Try this: When kids whine, take a step back and look at your stress level, emotionality, time spent connecting with your kids, and overall family environment. 3. Kids may whine because they need to express feelings Research suggests that whining, not just crying, is simply a way for young children to express sadness or disappointment. Early childhood educator Janet Lansbury suggests that parents "accept, acknowledge and support" kids and their feelings instead of "correcting, scolding, or controlling" them. She writes, “the more we welcome our children's displeasure, the happier everyone in our household will be." Try this: Remind yourself that whining can be an expression of human, developmental feelings, which are best met with kindness. If it's uncomfortable for you to hear kids whine, breathe in slowly for five seconds and out for five seconds and repeat Janet Lansbury's mantra "Let feelings be." Remind yourself of the last time you needed a good cry or complaint session to release your feelings and be able move forward. 4. Kids may whine because they have a sensitive or feisty temperament. All children differ by temperament, the qualities they are born with. Researchers often discuss three types of temperament (though no child fits perfectly into one of these categories) as: Easy or flexible Active or feisty Slow to warm or cautious Try this: Remember that some children are born with a tendency to have more intense reactions, a stronger will, more anxiety, or a harder time coping with new or changing experiences (thus resulting in more whining). 5. Kids may whine in response to variable reinforcers. Behaviorist Skinner found that people will repeat a behavior for the longest time with variable-ratio reinforcement (e.g. giving in once in a while, but not all the time). For example, if you give into your child whining once in a while for ice cream after dinner, he or she will likely continue whining for ice cream for a very long period of time afterward (to get the same reward). Try this: Avoid reinforcing whining by being consistent and not giving in “once in a while" to things like extra time on a video game, an extra toy in the supermarket, or an extra late bedtime, which stops whining in the moment, but reinforces it for the long-term. We all want to relieve our discomfort about being seen as "the mean one" or we may crave a "boost" from being seen as a benevolent fairy granting a wish (often resulting in kids saying something like, “You're the best mom ever for buying me this toy!"). If you decide it's worth it to give in, expect that a few weeks of whining may naturally follow. Lastly, to disrupt the reinforcement pattern, try to provide treats only as "out-of-nowhere surprises," rather than immediately following whining. Although bringing acceptance, understanding and gentleness to whining is no easy task, it's a great way to build an even stronger bond with your kid(s). Researcher John Gottman suggests that by giving a positive, loving response when a child is whining, you are filling his or her “emotional bank account" and strengthening the connection between you. The stronger your connection, the less likely your child is to whine in the future. whining, second year, 24 month old, Play We believe in creating a world in which all mothers are thriving Join our Newsletter "" indicates required fields Email Address Due date or child’s birthday Are you trying to conceive? Are you trying to conceive? Connect Contact Us Share Your Story Careers Customer Service Shipping & Returns Become an Affiliate About Us Our Story Diversity Commitment Privacy & Security Accessibility Terms of Sale About Our Ads Do Not Sell My Information Motherly 2021 Follow on Instagram We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.Ok
0.945975	Cloncurry Shire Council is investigating a redevelopment of John Flynn Place Museum & Art Gallery to make it more tourist friendly and include a cafe. At the March Ordinary Council Meeting council approved the concept design to create a funding plan to explore opportunities including fundraising and government grants including disaster recovery funds Council also moved to process to preliminary design and costing including, a business case taking into consideration other locations in Cloncurry. Cloncurry Mayor Greg Campbell said with all the infrastructure already on site, it was unlikely John Flynn Place will be relocated. "We just wanted to weigh up all our options and cover all bases with the planning of the John Flynn redevelopment," Cr Campbell said. "The year of Outback Queensland Tourism has highlighted our need for more local product. In light of our recent natural disaster, we need tourism to step up as a major industry to add to our strong base in agriculture, mining and transport." The redevelopment would deliver interactive displays to engage visitors, a new cafe to draw visitors to the area and would address compliance concerns. Council expects the project would require $15 million to create new jobs in construction and long term employment in tourism and business. Council adopted the first tourism strategy in July 2018 which identified John Flynn Place was in need of significant upgrade. The current museum was completed in the 1988, as a significant bicentenary project, celebrating the work of John Flynn and those that help to create the Royal Flying Doctor Service in 1928. READ MORE: Families book in Winton's Outback Festival for September school holidays. /images/transform/v1/crop/frm/V98HfE2tBQbBkJnZeaDKMw/f51f2ba2-8486-483f-b40a-5cff0fd82e50.jpg/r0_737_3024_2446_w1200_h678_fmax.jpg April 29 2019 - 9:30AM $15 million project planned for Cloncurry's John Flynn Place Samantha Campbell Local News Comments Cloncurry Shire Council looks into the redevelop of John Flynn Place. Photo supplied. Cloncurry Shire Council is investigating a redevelopment of John Flynn Place Museum & Art Gallery to make it more tourist friendly and include a cafe. At the March Ordinary Council Meeting council approved the concept design to create a funding plan to explore opportunities including fundraising and government grants including disaster recovery funds Council also moved to process to preliminary design and costing including, a business case taking into consideration other locations in Cloncurry. Cloncurry Mayor Greg Campbell said with all the infrastructure already on site, it was unlikely John Flynn Place will be relocated. "We just wanted to weigh up all our options and cover all bases with the planning of the John Flynn redevelopment," Cr Campbell said. "The year of Outback Queensland Tourism has highlighted our need for more local product. In light of our recent natural disaster, we need tourism to step up as a major industry to add to our strong base in agriculture, mining and transport." +5 Photos supplied: Cloncurry Shire Council/ MORE GALLERIES Comments The redevelopment would deliver interactive displays to engage visitors, a new cafe to draw visitors to the area and would address compliance concerns. Council expects the project would require $15 million to create new jobs in construction and long term employment in tourism and business. Council adopted the first tourism strategy in July 2018 which identified John Flynn Place was in need of significant upgrade. The current museum was completed in the 1988, as a significant bicentenary project, celebrating the work of John Flynn and those that help to create the Royal Flying Doctor Service in 1928.
0.973898	Vast majority of Americans favor tougher gun control, 33% view background checks as most effective method: poll - New York Daily News Skip to content Sections xml:space="preserve"> Search xml:space="preserve"> New York Sports National News Snyde Opinion NEW YORK'S HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER® — Learn About Subscriptions NEW YORK'S HOMETOWN NEWSPAPER® — Learn About Subscriptions Mayor de Blasio imposes COVID-19 vaccine mandate on NYC private sector workers Bronx tenants who said landlord cheated them out of rent control apartments score $1M settlement Better.com CEO belies company name by laying off 900 workers in a 3-minute holiday Zoom call Brooklyn power broker’s no-interest loan bailed out Eric Adams music showcase ahead of mayoral run Chris Cuomo accused of sexual harassment days before CNN firing Congressman’s family poses with guns on Christmas card days after deadly Michigan school shooting Homeless New Yorkers are back on the subways this winter, a year after overnight shutdown kicked them into the cold NYPD rookie charged with stalking ex-girlfriend Bronx educator takes over as principal of school she attended as a student Lawyer for Columbia U. stabbing spree suspect concedes ’gruesome facts’ of ‘unspeakable tragedy’ Ex-Dodgers All-Star Yasiel Puig calls on MLB, players union to address ‘unique needs of Latino players’ amid lockout Man, 21, fatally shot sitting in BMW in Bronx, teen passenger wounded De Blasio considering second shot, booster vaccination mandate for NYC restaurants, concerts as omicron bears down Detroit artist identified as person whose studio accused Michigan shooter’s parents fled to after manslaughter charges Dodgers, Mets legend Gil Hodges finally called to the Hall Jake Fromm is real Giants curiosity as Mike Glennon seeks win in Miami Dump truck driver mistakenly gets two lottery tickets, wins twice Bronx man killed while sitting on park bench; police probe if he was rob victim An education agenda for Eric Adams: How the next mayor can better serve New York City’s kids and families Social-emotional learning in crossfire Advertisement Advertisement U.S. News Vast majority of Americans favor tougher gun control, 33% view background checks as most effective method: poll By Adam Edelman NEW YORK DAILY NEWS \| Dec 03, 2015 at 1:38 PM A whopping 80% of Americans want tougher gun laws, a New York Daily News/Rasmussen Reports poll released Thursday showed. Do something about it! A whopping 80% of Americans want tougher gun laws, a New York Daily News/Rasmussen Reports poll released Thursday showed. Advertisement That overwhelming majority of citizens said more steps need to be taken to prevent potential mass shooters from getting their hands on firearms, the survey showed. 14 DEAD AFTER GUNMEN OPEN FIRE AT SAN BERNARDINO, CALIF. FACILITY Advertisement When respondents were asked for what they thought was the most effective way to accomplish that, 33% chose more background checks. Another 22% said they supported "more rigorous testing for the mentally ill" and 16% said they wanted mandatory jail sentences for the "criminal use of a gun." Another 10% said they supported longer waiting periods during the purchase process. The overwhelming majority of those polled want more steps to be taken to ensure mass shooters cannot get ahold of guns, but Republicans polled said such laws would make it tougher for good guys to buy guns. (Ethan Miller/Getty Images) FULL DAILY NEWS COVERAGE OF THE SAN BERNARDINO SHOOTING Republicans, however, were far more wary of stricter gun control measures, the poll showed, with 66% of them saying such laws would make it harder for "law-abiding citizens" to buy guns. In contrast, 58% of Democrats said tougher gun control would be effective. GOP CANDIDATES CALL FOR PRAYERS, NO GUN CONTROL SOLUTIONS Meanwhile, a separate poll out Thursday showed that Americans are more afraid of homegrown terrorists than they are of terrorists who might enter the U.S. as Syrian refugees. Related Gallery Syed Rizwan Farook Horror in San Bernardino after 14 killed in office shooting Almost 60% of people surveyed in a Quinnipiac University poll said the most serious threats posed by radical Islam come from people already living in the U.S. as citizens or residents. Only 16% of those polled said that jihadists posing as Syrian refugees who enter the U.S. pose the most serious terrorism threat to the country. In addition, an overwhelming 83% of those surveyed said they felt a "major" terrorist attack in the U.S. was "very likely" or "somewhat likely" in the near future. SAN BERNARDINO SHOOTERS LEFT BABY WITH GRANDMA BEFORE ATTACK Both surveys were taken in the days before the horrific shooting in San Bernardino, Calif., which left 14 dead and 21 more injured. Advertisement In addition to the vast majority of people being in favor of tougher gun laws, a majority of Americans believe a “major” terrorist attack was “very likely” or “somewhat likely.” (Boston Globe/Boston Globe via Getty Images) On Wednesday, two masked killers in military garb, a couple identified as Syed Rizwan Farook, 28, and Tashfeen Malik, 27,carried out the bloody massacre at the Inland Regional Center, a social services facility for people with developmental disabilities. Most Read Mayor de Blasio imposes COVID-19 vaccine mandate on NYC private sector workers Better.com CEO belies company name by laying off 900 workers in a 3-minute holiday Zoom call Bronx tenants who said landlord cheated them out of rent control apartments score $1M settlement The murderers were gunned down four hours later about 2 miles away when police pumped a fusillade of bullets into their fleeing SUV on a quiet residential street. A third person was captured as he fled from the scene of the afternoon gunfight, police said. Federal investigators and officials, including President Obama have said they don't yet know what motivated the attack, but that terrorism couldn't be ruled out. "At this stage we do not yet know why this terrible event occurred," he said during a nationally televised press briefing Thursday. "We don't know at this point the extent of their plans … or their motivations." "It is possible that this is terrorist related but we don't know," Obama added. "It is also possible that it was workplace related."
0.978149	They led a record-breaking title team for the Norfolk Admirals. Now, coach Jon Cooper, 3 players are Stanley Cup champs. - The Virginian-Pilot Skip to content Sections xml:space="preserve"> Search xml:space="preserve"> Weather ePilot Manage subscription Submit a tip Weekend Sports Review: Heinicke cashes in, ODU hits the beach, Hampton beats the buzzer, 3 teams are state-title game bound ‘I was terrified’: Hunter shoots deer, watches as bears pounce on it Apartment complex planned on former Virginian-Pilot printing plant land Opinion: Bipartisan action possible on Dominion bill, with Youngkin’s help Opinion: Teaching history accurately is essential to understanding An unpaid prostitute and a drug deal gone bad: Man gets 2 life sentences for pair of 2014 slayings in Newport News A Kempsville dessert shop repurposed 1,500 toys to support CHKD and turned its storefront into a festive, fundraising wonderland Short-term government funding measure likely comes at a steep cost for Hampton Roads Chesapeake resident wins national model railroad contest Police pursuit in Newport News goes eastbound on I-64, then westbound before Portsmouth woman’s eventual arrest Norfolk’s Eddie Shames, last remaining ‘Band of Brothers’ officer, dies at 99 What does ‘fully vaccinated’ mean? Is it time to change the definition? Heinicke throws two TD passes, leads Washington on late drive for field goal in fourth consecutive victory Longtime Virginia Beach charter boat captain pleads guilty to his role in the U.S. Capitol riots Hampton Roads Transit installing new bus stop shelters across the region Advertisement Advertisement Norfolk Admirals Sports They led a record-breaking title team for the Norfolk Admirals. Now, coach Jon Cooper, 3 players are Stanley Cup champs. By Stephen Whyno Associated Press \| Jul 08, 2021 at 1:21 PM Tampa Bay Lightning head coach Jon Cooper hoists the Stanley Cup after his team's 1-0 victory over the Montreal Canadiens in Game 5 on Wednesday night in Tampa, Florida. Mike Carlson/Getty Images (Mike Carlson/Getty Images) Jon Cooper was a fresh-faced rising star when he coached the Norfolk Admirals to the American Hockey League’s Calder Cup championship in 2012 after going on a 28-game winning streak during the season. On Wednesday night, he became just the second coach in the NHL’s salary cap era to hoist the Stanley Cup in back-to-back seasons. Advertisement Cooper sees many parallels between his run at Norfolk nine years ago and Tampa Bay’s most recent title-winning team, although he acknowledges he is better at his job thanks to almost a decade behind the bench in the top hockey league in the world. “I’m a much more experienced, seasoned, better coach than I was then,” Cooper said this week. “I’ve learned a ton from other coaches, watching other coaches and then from the game. The longer you’re around and you see tendencies in the game and things that you think you can improve upon, it just takes time. I guess that’s why it’s called experience.” Advertisement Advertisement The experience in 2012 was a building block to hoisting the Cup on Wednesday night after a 1-0 victory at home in Game 5 against Montreal. Along with Cooper, Lightning forwards Tyler Johnson, Ondrej Palat and Alex Killorn were key pieces for the Admirals. Ondrej Palat, center, was part of a Norfolk Admirals team in 2012 that won the Calder Cup. Palat and three other players from that team along with head coach Jon Cooper are now with the Tampa Bay Lightning, which won its second straight Stanley Cup on Wednesday night. Richard Messina/Hartford Courant (Richard Messina, Hartford Courant) Only three Norfolk players had more points during that playoff run than Johnson. After playing in a reduced role in the 2020 bubble playoffs and even getting put on waivers twice for salary cap reasons, Johnson moved up in the lineup — and delivered — when Killorn was injured early in the final against Montreal. It was little surprise to Cooper when Johnson scored twice in Game 3 to help put Tampa Bay up 3-0 in the series. “There’s a reason Tyler Johnson’s trophy case is fairly full, and it’s because he’s an ultimate team player,” Cooper said. “We never lost faith in Tyler Johnson and he never lost faith in himself. Roles change, you have to adapt and nobody has done it better than Tyler.” Advertisement Johnson, like Cooper, Killorn, Palat and a few others, is also a link to Tampa Bay’s 2015 run to the final, where the Lightning lost to Chicago. It made them realize how tough it was to win it all, fueling them last year — and now. “Don’t know how many chances you’re going to get,” Johnson said. Cooper sees many similarities between the 2012 Admirals and 2021 Lightning. Andrei Vasilevskiy tending goal like Dustin Tokarski, Steven Stamkos leading like Norfolk captain Mike Angelidis. Cooper said the mentality of each team is the same. Fans cheer after the Admirals scored a goal during Game 1 of the Calder Cup finals between the Norfolk Admirals and Toronto Marlies on June 1, 2012, at Scope. (Sean Proctor) “You have to have an ability to win games that are semi-high scoring and you have to be able to win games 1-0,” said Cooper, who was a finalist for Washington’s head job in the summer of 2012 and promoted to coach Tampa Bay in March 2013. “Both teams had goaltending, both teams had big strong D and both teams had dynamic forwards. But I guess probably the biggest similarity was they were extremely mentally tough where you could go into games at the start of a game and feel like you had the lead already.” Through the Stanley Cup’s first three games, the Lightning never trailed, but unlike the Admirals, missed out on a sweep when Montreal won Game 4. Latest Norfolk Admirals Weekend Sports Review: Heinicke cashes in, ODU hits the beach, Hampton beats the buzzer, 3 teams are state-title game bound 3h Wells’ 45 saves propel Admirals to second victory in three-game series vs. Atlanta Dec 4, 2021 Atlanta hands Admirals their first home defeat of season Dec 3, 2021 Admirals open long homestand with victory over Atlanta to stay unbeaten at Scope Dec 1, 2021 Admirals drop series finale at Orlando, which wins three of four Nov 30, 2021 None of it would be possible without Cooper, the 53-year-old attorney who quit his job in 1999 to coach full-time. “You can paint a picture black and white a lot of times and be pretty specific and analyze things, but he does a great job of keeping that message positive and keeping that message coming in different directions,” veteran defenseman Ryan McDonagh said. “For us, we know that he’s going to set ourselves up and set our team up for success when he is breaking things down.” Tampa Bay left wing Alex Killorn, shown before Game 7 of a Stanley Cup semifinal series against the New York Islanders, was one of four Lightning players who joined head coach Jon Cooper as members of the 2012 Norfolk Admirals' championship team. Chris O'Meara/AP (Chris O'Meara/AP) Cooper is likely the leading candidate to be in charge of Canada’s Olympic team next year, assuming the NHL reaches an agreement to send players to Beijing. He would then get the chance to coach Lightning star Brayden Point, Canadiens goalie Carey Price and defenseman Shea Weber and maybe Stamkos — and against the likes of Palat, Nikita Kucherov and Victor Hedman. That’s a short tournament and a different kind of test. Cooper has already aced the exam of handling the long NHL season and playoffs. Tampa Bay Lightning center Tyler Johnson (9) celebrates after scoring against the Montreal Canadiens during the third period of Game 3 of the NHL hockey Stanley Cup Final, Friday, July 2, 2021, in Montreal. (Ryan Remiorz/AP) “He’s one of the best guys at getting us adjustments within a series or adjusting to things in the season ... and handling adversity in different fashions, whether it’s a guy getting hurt or a slump in our play,” McDonagh said. “Just has a great sense of where the room’s at at all times and when to step back and let the players handle it or when he needs to step up and let his voice be heard.” Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement Advertisement Latest Norfolk Admirals Weekend Sports Review: Heinicke cashes in, ODU hits the beach, Hampton beats the buzzer, 3 teams are state-title game bound 3h Wells’ 45 saves propel Admirals to second victory in three-game series vs. Atlanta Dec 4, 2021 Advertisement Advertisement Most Read Sports Weekend Sports Review: Heinicke cashes in, ODU hits the beach, Hampton beats the buzzer, 3 teams are state-title game bound
0.998314	Rome2rio uses cookies to help personalize content and show you personalised ads. By proceeding, you accept the use of cookies in accordance with our privacy policy. You may opt out of personalised ads at any time. OK How to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles by bus, subway, tram, taxi or car Find Transport to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles Travel From Travel From To To See all options Search accommodation with Expedia Search Transport FAQs Map Operators Explore Need a hotel room in Inglewood? Book now There are 5 ways to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles by bus, subway, tram, taxi or car Select an option below to see step-by-step directions and to compare ticket prices and travel times in Rome2rio's travel planner. Recommended option Bus Take the bus from Union Station FlyAway - 800 N Alameda St at Union Station / Patsaurus Plaza to LAX Terminal 1 Upper Level FlyAway Stop 1h 23m $16 - $20 Cheapest option Line 40 bus Take the line 40 bus from Alameda / Los Angeles to Hawthorne / Century 1h 38m $1 - $2 3 alternative options Subway, tram Take the subway from Union Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines to 7th Street / Metro Center Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines Take the tram from 7th Street / Metro Center Station - Metro A Line to Willowbrook - Rosa Parks Station - Metro A Line Take the tram from Willowbrook - Rosa Parks Station - Metro Green Line to Aviation / LAX Station 1h 43m $3 - $6 Taxi Take a taxi from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles 18 min $80 - $100 Drive Drive from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles 18 min $1 - $3 Quickest way to get there Cheapest option Distance between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles → La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles Fully open Share Save this link to stay updated on COVID-19 restrictions Travel safe during COVID-19 Rules to follow in United States Physical Distancing 2m Recommended Recommended Travel within United States Domestic border crossings may be subject to approval, testing and quarantine Observe COVID-19 safety rules COVID-19 help in United States If you need help, visit the national COVID-19 website or call the COVID-19 Helpline 800-232-4636 Frequently Asked Questions Am I allowed to travel from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Yes, travel within United States is currently allowed. Explore travel options What are the travel restrictions in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Domestic travel is not restricted, but some conditions may apply Face masks are recommended There is a social distancing requirement of 2 metres Domestic border crossings may be subject to approval, testing and quarantine Observe COVID-19 safety rules Explore travel options What is the national COVID-19 helpline number in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? The national COVID-19 helpline number in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is 800-232-4636. Do I have to wear a face mask on public transport in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Wearing a face mask on public transport in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is recommended. Is it compulsory to practice social distancing in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? The social distance requirement in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is 2 metres. What should I do if I have COVID-19 symptoms when I arrive in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Make yourself known to an official member of staff and/or call the national coronavirus helpline number on 800-232-4636. Last updated: 2 Dec 2021 Exceptions may apply, for full details: Centers for Disease control and prevention (CDC). We're working around the clock to bring you the latest COVID-19 travel updates. This information is compiled from official sources. To the best of our knowledge, it is correct as of the last update. Visit Rome2rio travel advice for general help. Questions & Answers Is it cheaper to fly, bus, train or ferry from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? The cheapest way to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is to line 40 bus which costs $1 - $2 and takes 1h 38m. More details What is the fastest way to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? The quickest way to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is to taxi which costs $80 - $100 and takes 18 min. More details Is there a direct bus between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles and La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Yes, there is a direct bus departing from Alameda / Los Angeles and arriving at Hawthorne / Century. Services depart every 15 minutes, and operate every day. The journey takes approximately 1h 16m. More details Is there a direct train between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles and La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? No, there is no direct train from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles station to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles station. However, there are services departing from Union Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines and arriving at Aviation / LAX Station via 7th Street / Metro Center Station - Metro A Line and Willowbrook - Rosa Parks Station - Metro Green Line. The journey, including transfers, takes approximately 1h 43m. More details How far is it from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? The distance between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles and La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is 11 miles. The road distance is 15.2 miles. Get driving directions How do I travel from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles without a car? The best way to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles without a car is to bus which takes 1h 23m and costs $16 - $20. More details How long does it take to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? It takes approximately 1h 23m to get from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles, including transfers. More details Where do I catch the Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles bus from? Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles bus services, operated by LAX FlyAway, depart from Union Station FlyAway - 800 N Alameda St at Union Station / Patsaurus Plaza. More details Where do I catch the Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles train from? Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles train services, operated by Metro Los Angeles, depart from Union Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines. More details Where does the Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles bus arrive? Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles bus services, operated by LAX FlyAway, arrive at LAX Terminal 1 Upper Level FlyAway Stop station. More details Launch map view Distance: 10.9 miles Duration: 1h 23m What companies run services between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles, CA, USA and La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles, CA, USA? LAX FlyAway operates a bus from Union Station FlyAway - 800 N Alameda St at Union Station / Patsaurus Plaza to LAX Terminal 1 Upper Level FlyAway Stop every 30 minutes. Tickets cost $8 - $10 and the journey takes 33 min. Train operators Metro Los Angeles Phone +1-323-466-3876 Email [email protected] Website metro.net Subway from Union Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines to 7th Street / Metro Center Station - Metro Red & Purple Lines Ave. Duration 5 min Frequency Every 10 minutes Estimated price $1 - $2 Website Metro Los Angeles Senior/Disabled $1 Adult $2 Tram from 7th Street / Metro Center Station - Metro A Line to Willowbrook - Rosa Parks Station - Metro A Line Ave. Duration 23 min Frequency Every 15 minutes Estimated price $1 - $2 Website Metro Los Angeles Senior/Disabled $1 Adult $2 Tram from Willowbrook - Rosa Parks Station - Metro Green Line to Aviation / LAX Station Ave. Duration 14 min Frequency Every 20 minutes Estimated price $1 - $2 Website Metro Los Angeles Senior/Disabled $1 Adult $2 Los Angeles Metro Map Wikipedia Los Angeles Metro ticket machine Wikipedia Train exterior Facebook Metro Los Angeles Train exterior Facebook Metro Los Angeles Union Station Metro.net Bus operators LAX FlyAway Phone +1 (855) 463-5252 Website flylax.com Bus from Union Station FlyAway - 800 N Alameda St at Union Station / Patsaurus Plaza to LAX Terminal 1 Upper Level FlyAway Stop Ave. Duration 33 min Frequency Every 30 minutes Estimated price $8 - $10 Website LAX FlyAway FlyAway bus Wiki Commons FlyAway bus Wiki Commons FlyAway minibus Wiki Commons Ticket vending machines Wiki Commons Metro Los Angeles Phone +1-323-466-3876 Email [email protected] Website metro.net Bus from Alameda / Los Angeles to Hawthorne / Century Ave. Duration 1h 16m Frequency Every 15 minutes Estimated price $1 - $2 Website Metro Los Angeles Adult $1 - $2 Bus exterior Facebook Metro Los Angeles Bus exterior Facebook Metro Los Angeles Bus exterior Facebook Metro Los Angeles Other operators Taxi from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles Ave. Duration 18 min Estimated price $80 - $100 United Taxi Phone +1 800-822-8294 Rosie Taxi Cab Phone +1 805-258-8937 Website rosietaxicab.com LA City Cab Phone +1 888-713-5240 Website lacitycab.com Independent Cab Co. Phone +1 800-521-8294 Website lataxi.com Want to know more about travelling around the world? Rome2rio's Travel Guide series provide vital information for the global traveller. Read our range of informative guides on popular transport routes and companies - including 10 amazing places to get away from it all in Australia, Thanksgiving 2018: How to travel stress-free and 5 delightfully under-the-radar French towns you need to visit - to help you get the most out of your next trip. More Questions & Answers Where does the Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles train arrive? Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles train services, operated by Metro Los Angeles, arrive at Aviation / LAX Station. More details Can I drive from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? Yes, the driving distance between Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles is 15 miles. It takes approximately 18 min to drive from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles. Get driving directions Where can I stay near La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles? There are 736+ hotels available in La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles. Prices start at $100 USD per night. More details Inglewood, United States Inglewood is a city in southwestern Los Angeles County, California, in the Los Angeles metropolitan area. As of the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a population of 109,673. It was incorporated on February 14, 1908. The city is in the South Bay region of Los Angeles County. The city will be the home to SoFi Stadium which is currently under construction and when completed in July 2020, it will be the new home of both the National Football League's Los Angeles Rams and Los Angeles Chargers. - Wikipedia Things to do in Inglewood Los Angeles International Airport Los Angeles International Airport is the largest and busiest airport in the Greater Los Angeles Area and the state of California, the second busiest airport in the United States, as well as one of the largest international airports in the world. It is the only airport in the world to serve as a hub for five major airlines. Venice Venice is a residential, commercial, and recreational beachfront neighborhood within Los Angeles, California. It is located within the urban region of western Los Angeles County known as the Westside. University of Southern California The University of Southern California (USC or SC) is a private research university located in Los Angeles, California. Founded in 1880, it is the oldest private research university in California. USC has historically educated a large number of the region's business leaders and professionals. In recent decades, the university has also leveraged its location in Los Angeles to establish relationships with research and cultural institutions throughout Asia and the Pacific Rim. An engine for economic activity, USC contributes $8 billion annually to the economy of the Los Angeles metropolitan area and California. Los Angeles County Museum of Art The Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) is an art museum located on Wilshire Boulevard in the Miracle Mile vicinity of Los Angeles. LACMA is on Museum Row, adjacent to the La Brea Tar Pits (George C. Page Museum). Places to stay in Inglewood $139 Holiday Inn Express Los Angeles Airport, an IHG Hotel 4.3 Fabulous $113 Best Western Plus Suites Hotel - Los Angeles LAX Airport 4.0 Good $111 The Westin Los Angeles Airport 4.1 Very good $152 Residence Inn by Marriott Los Angeles LAX/Century Boulevard 4.4 Fabulous Rome2rio makes travelling from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles easy. Rome2rio is a door-to-door travel information and booking engine, helping you get to and from any location in the world. Find all the transport options for your trip from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles right here. Rome2rio displays up to date schedules, route maps, journey times and estimated fares from relevant transport operators, ensuring you can make an informed decision about which option will suit you best. Rome2rio also offers online bookings for selected operators, making reservations easy and straightforward. Trips from Italian American Museum of Los Angeles Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Stanford University Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Andrade Corner Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Sea Aria West Mobile Home Estates Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Palm Springs Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Napa Valley Wine Train Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Versailles restaurant chain Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Solana Beach Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Lubbock Airport LBB Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Oak Park Motel Monrovia Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Dallas Fort Worth International Airport Department of Public Safety Station 2 Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Rancho Cañada de los Nogales Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to La Quinta Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Hyatt Regency San Francisco Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Los Angeles Music Center Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Carbondale IL USA Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Bridgeport Mono County CA USA Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Barcelona Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to San Jacinto Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Mendota Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Norfolk Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Arlington TX USA Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Woodbury University Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to San Bernardino Valley College Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Pfeiffer Big Sur State Park Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Interlaken CA USA Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Oxford Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Arroyo Buena Vista Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Lake View Terrace Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Sutter Creek Italian American Museum of Los Angeles to Angelus Rosedale Cemetery Trips to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX, Los Angeles Union Station to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles 5 airports near La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Manhattan Beach to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Toronto to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles West Covina to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles El Segundo to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Malibu Beach to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Gardena to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Rodeo Drive to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Ontario to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Hollywood CA USA to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Riverside to La Quinta by Wyndham LAX Los Angeles Popular routes London to Paris Amsterdam to Paris Barcelona to Madrid Barcelona to Seville Berlin to Prague Chicago to London London to Edinburgh London to Dublin Madrid to Barcelona Select a currency Euro (EUR)US Dollar (USD)Pound Sterling (GBP)Australian Dollar (AUD)Canadian Dollar (CAD)-------------------Argentine Peso (ARS)Brazillian Real (BRL)Chilean Peso (CLP)Chinese Yuan (CNY)Colombian Peso (COP)Croatian Kuna (HRK)Czech Koruna (CZK)Danish Krone (DKK)Hong Kong Dollar (HKD)Hungarian Forint (HUF)Indian Rupee (INR)Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)Israeli New Shekel (ILS)Japanese Yen (JPY)Malaysian Ringgit (MYR)Mexican Peso (MXN)Moroccan Dirham (MAD)Nepalese Rupee (NPR)New Zealand Dollar (NZD)New Taiwan Dollar (TWD)Norwegian Krone (NOK)Pakistani Rupee (PKR)Philippines Peso (PHP)Polish Złoty (PLN)Romanian Leu (RON)Russian Ruble (RUB)Saudi Arabian Riyal (SAR)Serbian Dinar (RSD)Singapore Dollar (SGD)South African Rand (ZAR)South Korean Won (KRW)Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR)Swedish Krona (SEK)Swiss Franc (CHF)Thai Baht (THB)Turkish Lira (TRY)UAE Dirham (AED)Ukranian Hryvnia (UAH)
0.999943	NewsNews Based on facts, either observed and verified directly by the reporter, or reported and verified from knowledgeable sources. Paul George, Clippers fend off Suns Share this: Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window) Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window) Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window) Click to print (Opens in new window) Los Angeles Clippers forward Paul George, center, drives to the basket past the defense of Phoenix Suns’ Dario Saric, left, during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) By Mirjam Swanson \| [email protected] \| PUBLISHED: January 3, 2021 at 8:04 p.m. \| UPDATED: January 4, 2021 at 10:43 p.m. Phoenix Suns guard Devin Booker (1) drives as Los Angeles Clippers guard Patrick Beverley defends during the second half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Phoenix Suns forward Mikal Bridges, left, loses the ball as he is fouled by Los Angeles Clippers forward Serge Ibaka (9) during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Los Angeles Clippers forward Paul George, center, drives to the basket past the defense of Phoenix Suns’ Dario Saric, left, during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Phoenix Suns guard Cameron Payne (15) drives to the basket between the defense of Los Angeles Clippers guards Luke Kennard (5) and Lou Williams (23) during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Los Angeles Clippers center Ivica Zubac (40) dunks against the Phoenix Suns during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Los Angeles Clippers forward Kawhi Leonard (2) shoots over the defense of Phoenix Suns forward Mikal Bridges (25) and center Deandre Ayton (22) during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Los Angeles Clippers forward Kawhi Leonard (2) drives to the basket between the defense of Phoenix Suns center Deandre Ayton, left, and forward Jae Crowder (99) during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Phoenix Suns forward Dario Saric (20) drives to the basket past the defense of as Los Angeles Clippers center Serge Ibaka, left, during the second half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Los Angeles Clippers guard Patrick Beverley (21) shoots past the defense of Phoenix Suns guard Chris Paul (3) during the first half of an NBA basketball game Sunday, Jan. 3, 2021, in Phoenix. (AP Photo/Ralph Freso) Show Caption of Expand Paul George put the Clippers on his surgically repaired shoulders Sunday and carried them through the finish line, sticking it to his detractors with big play after big play in a 112-107 victory over a stubborn Suns team in Phoenix. The comeback-minded hosts did their best to make the Clippers sweat, but they didn’t get to George — whose play felt free and easy, even if he was the target of some chirping from the Suns’ Chris Paul and Devin Booker. George enjoyed the last word, with a season-high 39 points — plus the pass that set up Nicolas Batum’s 3-pointer that made it 110-104, slamming the door with 11.9 seconds left. What was said during the fourth-quarter scuffle, after which both George and Booker were assessed technical fouls? George wouldn’t divulge specifics — “You got to ask them,” he said — but he did hint at the nature of the comments. “For whatever reason, there’s a lot of chirping and people just living in the past,” said George, the 30-year-old forward who finished third in MVP voting two years ago but who, after undergoing surgeries on both shoulders following that season, experienced wild swings in the bubble last playoffs, as the Clippers collapsed in the second round. But, said George, “Last year was last year. I’m in a new situation, I am in a different mindset. Any of that hate stuff, you got to ask them. I don’t know where that’s coming from. “For some reason, it’s a lot of mouth,” George added, noting that it’s new for him to be the subject of such sniping. “And it’s fine. I got to play up to that. I’ll go through the fire. It’s fine. As long as we come out on top and we win and I am helping my team win. That’s all that matters. Save the rest, they can do what they want. I’m locked in and it’s more so about me being at peace and at ease.” And in his smooth, don’t-even-sweat-it sort of way, George did a lot of heavy lifting Sunday as his co-star Kawhi Leonard struggled, going 4 for 21 from the field (which made him 12 for 40 for the two-game road trip) for 15 points. “Just missing easy ones,” said Leonard, who for a fourth game wore a mask to protect the eight stitches he received for a mouth laceration he sustained on Christmas. Leonard gave a nod to George’s performance: “Paul did his thing. He carried us tonight. That’s why he’s here.” Said George: “It is not going to be everybody’s night every night. I had to step up and help our best player on the team, help Kawhi. My job is to help him lead and help score and just give him a break from time to time.” George was up to the task Sunday, going a smooth 15 for 24 from the field — and 7 for 10 from 3-point range, the 10th game since he joined the Clippers that he’s hit at least six 3s, the most in franchise history. The Clippers (5-2) needed every ounce of George’s impressive output to fend off a feisty Phoenix squad (5-2) that was, with 10:20 left, able to shave off all but one point off what was a 31-point Clippers lead. The Suns took a big bite out of the Clippers’ lead by outscoring them 37-24 in the third quarter. Then, in full-on, fend-off mode in the fourth, Serge Ibaka hit his first attempts of the game — consecutive 3-point attempts — to boost the fragile advantage to 96-91. George kept it going for the duration: His 17-footer made it 98-94. His gliding layup (following a pair of free throws by Leonard and Ibaka) extended the lead to 104-96 with 4:36 to play. And his 3-pointer over the outstretched arms of the 6-foot-11 Deandre Ayton made it 107-98, with 3:11 left. And then George zipped the pass to an open Batum in the corner for the decisive 3-pointer. “To be on the court on those situations and have the trust of my teammates, and for a guy like PG to get me the ball and to make a shot, a big shot like that, it does feel great,” said Batum, who joined the Clippers after spending the past five seasons in Charlotte, where in the past couple seasons he dealt with injuries and a dwindling role. Batum continued his steady early contribution as a Clipper, finishing with 14 points after shooting 4 for 7 from behind the arc, where fellow newcomer Luke Kennard also connected on 2 of his 3 attempts en route to his 14 points. Booker played 45 minutes in the loss and finished with 25 points, one more than Ayton. For his part, George filled up the stat sheet in every other way, too: 3 rebounds, 4 assists, 2 steals, 1 block, 5 turnovers and a disqualifying 6th foul (which came with fewer than 2 seconds to play: “I wanted the standing O,” George joked in his postgame interview on Fox Sports Prime Ticket). “You know, people can talk about that guy, but he for me, is a top-10, top-15 guy,” said Batum of George, who signed a four-year, $190 extension with the Clippers in early December. “He’s still a great player. And he proved it all year long so far. It’s been seven games and he’s been great — especially on clutch time. We give him the ball and that situation to make plays for us and he does.” Newsroom Guidelines News Tips Contact Us Report an Error Get the latest news delivered daily! 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What Happens Next? Mirjam Swanson \| Reporter Mirjam Swanson covers the Clippers, the NBA and the LA Sparks for the Southern California News Group. Previously, she wrote about LeBron James and the rest of the Dream Team at the 2004 Olympics (where, yes, they took bronze), Tiger Woods winning the U.S. Open on one leg, and had a tour reporting on city government, education and the occasional bear in a backyard. [email protected] Follow Mirjam Swanson @mirjamswanson View Comments Join the Conversation We invite you to use our commenting platform to engage in insightful conversations about issues in our community. Although we do not pre-screen comments, we reserve the right at all times to remove any information or materials that are unlawful, threatening, abusive, libelous, defamatory, obscene, vulgar, pornographic, profane, indecent or otherwise objectionable to us, and to disclose any information necessary to satisfy the law, regulation, or government request. 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0.999954	Coming up today, is an interesting story that happened 13 years ago, when I began a 100-day exercise to shift my personal computer from using pirated proprietary software to completely open source software. The itch It was 2003 and I was growing up to be a typical computer graduate with no money to invest in legal software licenses. I had a personal computer at home loaded with pirated Windows XP running pirated Microsoft Office, pirated Visual Studio for learning .NET and well, all kinds of pirated software tools obtained from pirated CDs, trial software with their limits breached and software downloaded via peer-to-peer sharing networks. It was then that two things happened. First, I started feeling pangs of guilt. As a soon-to-be professional software developer, I felt that I lacked respect for my own industry by cheating on them. Secondly, I was introduced to the movie, ‘The Code‘, which describes the journey of Linux as an operating system from 1991 to 2001, featuring Richard Stallman and Linux Torvalds among other open source gurus. Something clicked inside me and I felt that I found the solution. I could run software legally on my computer while still not ending up paying a fortune. I embarked on a journey to convert my computer from a haven of pirated activity to the world of open source software. The journey was hard, but the sense of achievement, the peace of mind and the satisfaction that I got at the end of it was so immense that 13 years on, I have never had to turn back to proprietary software for anything ever again. In fact, I have now built a career on open source technologies for a decade. The approach Conversion from proprietary to open source is a big habit shift and old habits die hard. When you start out changing habits in a massive way, the way to go is in small steps. If you wipe out Windows and install Linux and start using it all in a single day, the experience is really perplexing. It is very important to give your brain the time to unlearn old habits and give way to new ones. That is why the 100-day goal. The method was to attempt to relinquish one proprietary solution to make way for an open source one, spend some time learning it and make it stick so that you could operate it blindfolded! (That was an exagerration!) In addition, our household had only one personal computer, so I invested in another fresh hard disk, so that I could use it for Linux. Multi-booting out of a single hard disk is possible, but it could cause pain if the startup menu is not installed correctly. Other members of my household had far too much important data to lose, especially my mother, who was following a Ph.D. during that time. Caution and patience were the main virtue. Open source tools for Windows My initial days were spent scouring the Internet for tools that could replace some of the most common software tools I was using. My most common tools of choice were the following and here is how I replaced them. Office suite: Pirated Microsoft Office to OpenOffice.org (OpenOffice is now called LibreOffice and is in its 5th version). Head over here to check out LibreOffice. Drawing and photos: Pirated Adobe Photoshop to GIMP. You can get GIMP from here. Programming: After convincing myself that single platform languages like the Microsoft-only .NET were not viable in the future and with Java adapting itself to desktops (Java Standard), servers (Java Enterprise), feature phones (Java Mobile), I chucked .NET completely and started learning Java, Python and PHP to address software solutions for different needs. I also polished up my long lost C/C++ skills. Find out more about Java, Python and PHP. Music: Windows Media Player was chucked in favour of the millions of options available. VLC easily made it to my favourite during that time. Here is where you can get more information about and download VLC player. Browser: Finally said goodbye to Internet Explorer 6 and started adjusting to life with Firefox. Nowadays, it seems like common sense. Google Chrome was still not released then. Firefox is available here. Google Chrome here. Video: VLC player came in for Windows Media Player. Audio editing: I was using a cracked version of Goldwave, but then I ran into Audacity, which I am still using today. Audacity can be downloaded from here. Burning CDs and DVDs: InfraRecorder did the trick for me. More details here. No more reliance on Nero. Games: A FIFA fan during those days, I realised that computer games were a waste of my time and stopped playing them altogether. This may not be an option for you, but the world of games is generally closed source and also very expensive. Please remember that having even one pirated software / product violates our final goal. So, if you cannot live without computer games, please be fair to the awesome game developers and buy your copy. As for me personally, my weekend FIFA binge sessions were converted to cross-town bicycle rides and mountain hiking and in general, the healthy outdoors! With more such adjustments and daily practice, I became fairly fluent using the open source alternatives. The above list is in no way complete. But putting out the list must have given you a general idea about how to go about achieving the conversion in tiny steps. Please spend some time seeking out open source solutions for proprietary tools that you are currently using. More often than not, there is an alternative. Next, I was ready to make a big jump. Could I shutter down Windows and start using Linux full time? Find out in part 2 which is coming soon. Author Harikrishna NatrajanPosted on January 28, 2016 May 17, 2016 Categories Get 'IT' done, Open Source If you love our articles and want to get the latest in your inbox, please subscribe to our mailing list.
0.999998	Born on September 6, 1957, Tommy shot to fame in the mid to late 1970s as the vocalist and bass guitarist of the band Switch. Switch was originally made up of Tommy, his brother Bobby, Gregory Williams, Phillip Ingram, Eddie Fluellen and Jody Sims. The band was known for their hits such as There'll Never Be, I Call Your Name, Love Over & Over Again, I Wanna Be Closer, We Like To Party and Best Beat In Town. Following years of success, Tommy and Bobby left Switch in the 1980s to mentor their younger siblings in the group DeBarge. The family band released six albums over the years, including The DeBarges (1981), All This Love (1982), In A Special Way (1983), and Rhythm Of The Night (1985). Some of their popular songs include I Like It, All This Love, and Love Me In A Special Way. They had two number one singles in the US R&B chart, Rhythm Of The Night and Time Will Reveal. Bobby sadly died of complications related to Aids on August 16, 1995. Tommy's brother contracted HIV in the 1980s and battled Aids until his death at the age of 39. In 2011 Tommy released his autobiography There'll Never Be: A Story Of Forgiveness, telling his story from his dysfunctional upbringing to his road to sobriety, battling poverty, addiction and a loss of faith. 2 Tommy was a founding member of the band Switch along with his brother Bobby What was Tommy DeBarge's cause of death? One of Tommy's family members told the media that he suffered from liver and kidney failure over the years, though his health had started to decline
0.948805	Smith, who logged 39 of a possible 54 snaps on offense in Sunday's 35-29 overtime loss to the Cowboys, caught just one pass (on two targets) for nine yards in the contest. Meanwhile, fellow tight end Hunter Henry was on the field for 37 snaps en route to catching both of his targets for 25 yards and a TD. With a 16-124-1 stat line through six games, Smith's fantasy value thus far has been limited while operating in a true timeshare with Henry. Unlock Premium Tools + Bonus Episode Join the #FootClan More New England Patriots Fantasy Football News Nick Folk K \| NE Dec 4 2:40pm Deemed questionable Folk (knee) is questionable for Monday's game against the Bills, Phil Perry of NBC Sports Boston reports. Brandon Bolden RB \| NE Dec 4 12:38pm Questionable for Monday Bolden (knee) is listed as questionable for Monday's contest against the Bills, Phil Perry of NBC Sports Bostonreports. Brandon Bolden RB \| NE Dec 2 1:50pm Limited by knee issue Bolden (knee) was limited at practice Thursday, Zack Cox of NESN.com reports. J.J. Taylor RB \| NE Nov 29 2:49pm Lands on COVID list Taylor has been placed on the reserve/COVID-19 list, Zack Cox of NESN.com reports. Jonnu Smith TE \| NE Nov 29 9:34am Catches three passes versus former team Smith, who was on the field for 34 of a possible 60 snaps in Sunday's 36-13 win over the Titans, caught three of his four targets for 49 yards and ran once for nine yards in the contest, Mike Reiss of ESPN.com reports. Hunter Henry TE \| NE Nov 29 9:26am Two catches in Week 12 Henry, who logged 41 of a possible 60 snaps in Sunday's 36-13 win over the Titans, caught two of his five targets for 16 yards in the contest, Mike Reiss of ESPN.com reports. Nelson Agholor WR \| NE Nov 29 9:16am Three catches in Sunday's win Agholor, who was on the field for 50 of a possible 60 snaps in Sunday's 36-13 win over the Titans, caught all three of his targets for 20 yards in the contest, Mike Reiss of ESPN.com reports. Brandon Bolden RB \| NE Nov 29 9:03am Catches four passes in Week 12 Bolden was on the field for 19 of a possible 60 snaps in Sunday's 36-13 win over the Titans en route to catching all four of his targets for 54 yards, Mike Reiss of ESPN.com reports. Jakobi Meyers WR \| NE Nov 28 3:06pm Just under 100 yards in win Meyers caught five of eight targets for 98 yards in Sunday's 36-13 win over the Titans. Rhamondre Stevenson RB \| NE Nov 28 3:00pm Nine carries in Week 12 Stevenson (knee) rushed nine times for 46 yards and didn't catch his only target in Sunday's 36-13 win over Tennessee.
0.998837	Manitoba's Kerri Einarson, the two-time defending Canadian women's curling champion, is among the favourites to represent Canada at the 2022 Winter Olympics. Author of the article: Dave Deibert • Saskatoon StarPhoenix Publishing date: Nov 20, 2021 • November 20, 2021 • 3 minute read • Join the conversation Team Canada skip Kerri Einarson during practice in preparation for draw 1 against team Sweden on April 30, 2021. (Curling Canada/ Michael Burns) Photo by michael burns photo /Curling Canada/ michael burns ph Article content This week, Canada’s top curlers hit the ice in Saskatoon to determine the men’s and women’s representatives at the 2022 Olympic Games. Manitoba’s Kerri Einarson, skip of the two-time Canadian women’s champions, spoke with Postmedia’s Dave Deibert, discussing her pre-game music choices, celebrating with the Scotties trophy, rink burgers and more . . . Advertisement Story continues below This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Article content We apologize, but this video has failed to load. Try refreshing your browser. Q&A: Pre-game and on the ice, Kerri Einarson puts on Greatest Show Back to video Q: After curling, what sport would be your next choice to make it as a member of the Canadian Olympic team? A: Beach volleyball. Always been something I’ve been interested in. I actually went to the (Western Canada) Summer Games back in (2003) as Team Manitoba and we won bronze. I grew up playing volleyball as well. I’m short, so I played libero. Q: In those moments before you hit the ice, are you more likely to be listening to something soothing like Adele or Sarah McLachlan, or is it something like Enter Sandman or All I Do Is Win? A: I’m definitely listening to some hardcore pump-up music (laughs). Our team song is from that movie, the musical The Greatest Show. That’s our team song. That’s what we listen to on our drive. We’ve got a couple good tunes in there. I also listen to Diamond Eyes by Shinedown. A pump-up song for me. Q: Some days the venues you’re competing at are world class hockey arenas. Other times you’re at small-town rinks. Where’s the best rink burger? A: To be honest, we don’t eat many rink burgers (laughs). Definitely back in my days playing fun spiels, I would say the canteen in Petersfield (part of an RM in Manitoba, with a population of around 11,000) and also Riverton (a Manitoba community with a population of around 550). Q: Name a show that you’ve binge watched that you might be slightly embarrassed to admit. A: I watch soaps (laughs). Q: Like, daytime soaps? A: Since COVID, I’ve drawn away from them. But, yeah, I watch Young & the Restless and Days of our Lives. Advertisement Story continues below This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Article content Q: I heard that Marlena got possessed again. A: She had gotten possessed twice the last time I watched. Q: Of the eight billion or so people on the planet, you are one of the greatest at what you do. But what’s an everyday task around the house that you struggle with? A: Keeping up with and organizing all my girls’ toys. I feel like I’m constantly doing it but never get it finished (laughs). Or even the girls’ drawers. I organize them and two days later it looks like a tornado went through them. Q: If you could be a contestant on one TV game show, what do you choose? A: The Price Is Right. My grandparents got to go on Price Is Right when I was younger and I always wanted to go. That’s one of my favourite shows. My favourite game is Plinko. Q: What actress do you choose to play you when the movie is made about your life and your curling heroics? A: Oh, wow. Good one. Ummm … Melissa McCarthy. I like her. She’s funny. Q: Each member of your rink got to spend some time with the Scotties trophy after winning. How close did your crew come to matching some of the stories that you hear over the years with the Stanley Cup? A: I had some pretty good parties at home with it. It was nice to have. During COVID we weren’t allowed to have a whole bunch of people, but I had a nice weekend and had probably about 50 people over here. We enjoyed it, had a pretty good party with it (laughs). [email protected] More On This Topic Dunstone team has sudden shakeup on eve of Olympic curling trials 'Built for this moment': Dunstone's Saskatchewan foursome chases an Olympic berth All eyes on the ice: Ewasko seeks ice-making perfection as trials curlers head to Saskatoon The news seems to be flying at us faster all the time. From COVID-19 updates to politics and crime and everything in between, it can be hard to keep up. With that in mind, the Saskatoon StarPhoenix has created an Afternoon Headlines newsletter that can be delivered daily to your inbox to help make sure you are up to date with the most vital news of the day. Click here to subscribe. Share this article in your social network Share this Story: Q&A: Pre-game and on the ice, Kerri Einarson puts on Greatest Show Copy Link Email Facebook Twitter Reddit Pinterest LinkedIn Tumblr Latest National Stories Advertisement Story continues below This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. News Near Portage This Week in Flyers Comments Postmedia is committed to maintaining a lively but civil forum for discussion and encourage all readers to share their views on our articles. Comments may take up to an hour for moderation before appearing on the site. We ask you to keep your comments relevant and respectful. 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0.908659	Conducted in late 2020, UB-led study of ciclesonide was one of the first to look at steroids in patients with mild to moderate disease Submitted by the University at Buffalo A national study led by emergency medicine physicians at the University at Buffalo has found that patients with mild to moderate COVID-19 who are treated with an inhaled steroid are significantly less likely to require emergency department care or hospitalization due to COVID-19 than those treated with placebo. The results of the double-blinded, randomized, controlled study were published Nov. 22 in JAMA Internal Medicine. Participants were enrolled from June through November 2020. A total of 400 patients participated from 10 centers throughout the U.S., with about half receiving treatment and half receiving placebo. Forty-seven patients were from the Buffalo area. Participants treated with ciclesonide did not see faster mitigation of their symptoms – the primary endpoint of the study – than those who received placebo, with both groups seeing resolution of all symptoms on average within 19 days. For this study, COVID-19 symptoms were defined as cough, dyspnea (shortness of breath), chills, feeling feverish, repeated shaking with chills, muscle pain, headache, sore throat, and new loss of taste or smell. Fewer Emergency Department Visits However, patients treated with ciclesonide were less likely to require emergency department care or hospitalization for reasons attributable to COVID-19. In this study, only 1% of patients who received ciclesonide required emergency department care or hospitalization due to COVID-19 compared to 5.4% of the patients who received placebo. This effect on emergency department care and hospitalizations was an important secondary endpoint of the study. “Our study did not show that ciclesonide relieved symptoms faster,” said Brian M. Clemency, D.O., first author on the paper and professor of emergency medicine in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at UB. “But the treated group was less likely than those treated with placebo to go to the emergency department or be hospitalized, and that’s significant.” “Any COVID-19 treatment that can reduce emergency room visits or hospital admissions provides a benefit not just to the patient, but also to the health care system and the community at large,” he said. Clemency is a physician with UBMD Emergency Medicine, based at Erie County Medical Center. Treatment for Mild to Moderate Disease is Needed While much COVID-19 research has appropriately focused on patients with severe disease, Clemency and his colleagues were interested in studying mild to moderate cases. He explained that mild to moderate cases of COVID-19 constitute the majority of cases and may be responsible for a significant amount of community spread. Since the study was conducted prior to the emergence of new SARS-CoV2 variants, it doesn’t address how the treatment might affect those infected by new variants, such as delta, but Clemency noted that it would be reasonable to assume ciclesonide would benefit them as well. “The study didn’t address the delta variant, but there’s no reason to think that infections caused by delta would fundamentally differ in this respect,” he said. While the study didn’t address which patients, in particular, would benefit from ciclesonide, Clemency noted the findings suggest that, for some patients with mild to moderate COVID-19, this drug may provide a benefit. “For patients who are at high risk for developing severe COVID-19, ciclesonide may be a low-cost, low-risk treatment that can be taken at home,” he said. Inhaled corticosteroids have been seen as potentially beneficial in treating COVID-19 because they reduce inflation and target key proteins involved in virus replication. Ciclesonide is approved for the long-term treatment of asthma as maintenance therapy in patients 12 years of age and older in the U.S. and over 6 years of age in Canada. In vitro studies have shown ciclesonide to block COVID-19 viral replication and to have antiviral properties against COVID-19. Co-authors are Renoj Varughese, M.D., also of the department of emergency medicine in the Jacobs School; Yaneicy Gonzalez-Rojas, M.D., of Verus Clinical Research Corp.; Caryn G. Morse, M.D., of Wake Forest School of Medicine; Wanda Phipatanakul, M.D., Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School; David J. Koster, M.S., Instat Clinical Research; and Michael S. Blaiss, M.D., Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University. Funding was provided by Covis Pharma, which manufactures ciclesonide, and UB’s Clinical and Translational Science Institute through the National Center for Advancing Translational Science and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute of the National Institutes of Health.
0.97401	library(ggplot2) african_economicdata <- read.csv("african_crises.csv") Z_ED <- subset(african_economicdata, country == "Zimbabwe") Z_ED2001 <- subset(Z_ED, year > 2000) Z_ED2001$log10_exchange <- log10(Z_ED2001$exch_usd) ggplot(Z_ED2001, aes(Z_ED2001$year,Z_ED2001$log10_exchange)) + geom_line() +geom_point() + xlab("Year") + ylab("Exchange Rate in USD") + theme_minimal() Here is what the result looks like A few things are throwing me off: This happens to be a cross section of two things i never really understood in my bachelors, forex and logarithms From the eye test the curve looks similar to the image from wikipedia, but the y-axis values don't make much sense to me (possibly due logarithms as previously stated). The dataset in Kaggle is light on details and I don't really know how to interpret the exchange rate values. Take 2001 for instance, does 5.510 x 10-25 mean that 1 ZWD is equal to 5.510 x 10-25 USD? The number is so small that it kind of melts my brain. I'm having trouble finding information about the ZWD during this time period, the trends in the wikipedia image for OMIR and the Parallel rate seems to have much fine grain data, looking at the fluctuations between 07-08. Does that mean that the data I'm working with would be the Official data? submitted by CJEntusBlazeIt_420 to econometrics [link] [comments] BEST BANK FOR CURRENT ACCOUNT IN INDIA – READ CAREFULLY https://preview.redd.it/gfzi2wagvyd31.jpg?width=825&format=pjpg&auto=webp&s=601921ef69e2cc7f10b0accdbf7983db11b518f7 People who are a unit in business principally they need a accounting. Most of the banks provide differing types of current accounts. you'll be able to target your demand to settle on best banks for accounting. There area unit 2 most typically used accounts – bank account and accounting. Here, apprehend the most effective Bank For accounting In India, the newest list for you. Best Bank for accounting In India – options That Differentiate Overdraft facility More free transactions allowed Moreover, Interest-free account Minimum account balance starts from Rs.10,000 typically Unlimited deposit and withdrawal facility Allows direct payments victimization Doctor of Divinity, cheques and pay orders Must Read: AADHAR LINK TO BANK ACCOUNT- straightforward STEP BY STEP GUIDE Features And advantages Of accounting – Best Bank for accounting In India Zero-interest rate account The facility of draft and unsecured loans Also, Unlimited withdrawals from the house branch Can be operated by public and personal firms, people, proprietors, trusts, NGOs etc. Multiple direct payment facilities like demand drafts, free cheque leaves, pay orders, NEFT, RTGS etc. Types Of accounting – Best accounting In India Standard Current Account: It offers AN draft facility, cheque leaves, debit cards, SMS banking, internet banking, etc. and contains a monthly average balance demand. Single Column money Book: It permits transactions however doesn’t provide options like AN draft facility. It records daily transactions underneath separate credit and debit columns. Packaged Current Account: It offers packaged options like travel insurance and medical support. Premium Current Account: It offers premium offers, services and advantages with tailor- made options for its high-end customers. Foreign Currency Accounts: it's for businesses or people that need vast foreign currency transactions to be administrated often. Must Read: tax REFUND standing – ELIGIBILITY, PROCEDURE, ONLINE Which Type Of accounting Is appropriate For You? Basic current accounts area unit dealing accounts with zero interest rates and high minimum balance account needs. But, banks currently provide a spread of Current Accounts designed to fulfill completely different client needs. Examples like low or naught minimum balance account, draft facility, higher transactional capabilities and a relationship manager. you've got to match this account options to pick out the most effective banks for current accounts. Here is that the List Of ten Best Bank For accounting In India State Bank Of India SBI provides unlimited daily transactions with their services. It additionally offers draft facility that comes with a credit limit. Probably, SBI is that the best accounting for tiny business in India. Features And advantages Low account maintenance charges The convenience of straightforward money pickup facilities and money handling Free monthly statement Ease of SMS alerts Nomination facility offered Fastest Safest & Securest company net Banking SBI internet banking is incredibly straightforward to use HDFC Bank HDFC Bank offers a bunch of options on its current accounts. The freed from charges feature from it’s a home branch on money withdrawals, RTGS and NEFT payments and collections. Features And advantages Avail on non-cash services High dealing amounts Easy net banking ICICI Bank ICICI bank targets its customer’s needs into thought. Also, it offers special privileges, tailor-made offerings, free services and better free limits for daily transactions Features And advantages Unlimited transactions Free RTGS and NEFT transactions Free mobile alerts Also, an infatuated relationship manager user-friendly ICICI internet Banking Axis Bank Axis bank provides varied options to their customers. Also, there's AN choice of free money deposit up to Rs. two lakhs during a month reception branch and in non-home branch free money withdrawal up to Rs. 1 lakh. Features And advantages 500 cheque leaves free per month Free money deposit up to Rs. two lakhs during a month Minimum balance demand is Rs. 10,000 easy Axis internet banking Bank Of Baroda There area unit differing types of accounting offered in Bank of Baroda. Further, they provide money withdrawals in line with their customer’s needs. Features And advantages Based on the conception of PAY AS you employ 5 Non-ADC transactions area unit free per month Unlimited issue of cheque books Auto sweep / Reverse sweep feature offered Kotak Mahindra bank They focus to supply their best to their customers by their current accounts. Services, like retreating funds and issuance cheques area unit one amongst the most effective from this bank and it's one amongst the most effective banks for current accounts. Features And advantages Faster out-station cheque assortment Better Forex rates and economical trade services Cash management services Also, free cheque payments and assortment Free NEFT and RTGS through Kotak internet Banking HSBC Bank HSBC offers current accounts to its customers to fulfill their desires. Further, these accounts go together with several added advantages and options. Features And advantages No monthly account fee Exclusive access to offers and discounts Dedicated relationship manager Available draft service, subject to standing Yes bank It is a invasive public sector bank. affirmative bank provides many tailor-made accounting banking product to people yet as businesses. Features And advantages Free demand drafts across India Flexibility to extend the dealing limit Also, free cheque payments and collections and free money deposits Multi-city cheque books area unit provided Union Bank Union bank offers unlimited transactions to their customers. Its accounting comes with varied advantages and options, therefore their customers don’t face any downside. Features And advantages Unlimited payments Overdraft facility Upcountry cheque assortment facility Also, nomination facility IndusInd Bank The IndusInd bank has AN array of current accounts for giant company, businesses, importers and exporters and for niche industries. Therefore, one amongst the foremost vital advantages is that the shoppers will simply avail the draft facility. Features And advantages No limits on withdrawals Provides AN draft facility Also, Mobile banking and net banking facilities Must Read: ten BEST BANKS for private LOAN IN India Summary – Best accounting In India Therefore we tend to here mentioned a number of the most effective banks for current accounts in India. So, Current accounts have their own advantages. If you are doing daily transactions with the bank and wish some further options than a accounting is healthier than saving account. currently the most issue comes here after you got to opt for a bank within which you're progressing to open AN account. Moreover, opt for the netbanking facility. therefore opt for rigorously the most effective accounting during a bank that suits your needs. submitted by moneyinvestor3 to u/moneyinvestor3 [link] [comments] Ripple (XRP) Analysis (quite thorough) NOTE: I did not write this article below. I simply copy and pasted the article. Please click the following link to view the entire article. The article includes charts and images which were not transferred to the text below. https://steemit.com/cryptocurrency/@lennartbedrage/the-ripple-xrp-effect-fundamental-analysis The Ripple(XRP) Effect - Fundamental Analysis: lennartbedrage44 in cryptocurrency ripple.jpg Lately, there’s been a tremendous amount of buzz around Ripple(XRP), but is it only because of the massive growth we’ve seen in the past few 30 days, or is there something more? In this article, I’ll dive into a brief back ground of Ripple, objectively examine the arguments for and against it, explore its potential from a economic standpoint, then close with potential threats to your investment and a summary. Meet Ripple(XRP)- Released in 2012, Ripple aims to enable “secure, instant and nearly free global financial transactions of any size with no chargebacks” through their real-time gross settlement system (RTGS) and currency exchange and remittance network. Ripples distributed open-source internet protocol consensus ledger was created as basic technology for interbank and regulated financial institutions to integrate Ripple into their own systems. This differs from the Bitcoin full node and other crowdsourced altcoin consensus networks in several ways: Ripples common shared ledger is a network of independent validating servers which compare their transaction records, rather than the full network of nodes coming to consensus prior to each transaction, enabling faster transaction speeds. Although their protocol is open source, it was not created as a plug & play solution, like bitcoins full-node software, nor does it rely on crowd-sourced support. Unlike Bitcoin, Litecoin, Ethereum, and other Alt-coins, Ripple is recognized as legal tender by several governments, which gives it instant liquidity via financial institution, as well as purchasing power over material goods. Because of this, it cannot be evaluated in the same ways as other coins, which are largely evaluated based on assumptions & speculation. In terms of value, it’s more like cash than a commodity. Because of this, it is evaluated in a much different way than Ethereum(ETH) and other alt-coins with intrinsic value, but is accepted much more rapidly because it’s easy for the mass-market to understand. Remember: without market acceptance, there is not value, regardless of how innovative something may be. Just 4 short years after its release, on 01MAY17, Ripple announced that a consortium of 47 banks have successfully completed a pilot implementation of Ripple in Japan, making it the first country in the world to enable domestic and international real time money transfers via the cryptocurrency. This event lead the XRP value to sky-rocket from $0.051580 USD to an all-time high of $0.430085 in just 16 days… but why? Is it 100% speculation, or is there something else going on here? “It’s not a real cryptocurrency!” Or is it? Well, those whom bring this argument to the table are probably referencing facts that I’ve mention during my introduction to Ripple: Its a centralized and regulated crypto-currency which does not need global consensus for transfers, and it is built specifically for (and potentially by) financial institutions. Though a lot of the Anarcho-Capitalists may want to steer clear of this one due to its highly regulated nature, regular capitalist may believe these core differences to be its greatest strengths: Regulated - As I mentioned in my analysis on Ethereum(ETH), Bitcoin’s lack of regulation was likely he reason (or at least, that’s what they told us) that the proposed ETF failed to pass the SEC’s evaluation several months ago. If adhering to some sort of trusted regulatory standards, this could drive federal confidence, which in turn drive bank and lending institution faith…trickling all the way down to the consumers. This insures rapid mass market acceptance. Consensus - As mentioned before this is much different process than Bitcoin’s global consensus, which means that transaction times are nearly instant regardless of volume transferred. Additionally, all transfers adhere to distributive ledgers DLT standards, which is a requirement for many financial institutions to be insurable. Institutional Management - You’ve probably guessed this one already. Although the demand and speculative value is driven at some capacity by ‘the people’, this currency is about as close to the World bank and SWIFT as you can get. This is largely due to the amount Deliberate - It feels like a big bank, because it is. Ripple was built specifically for the financial markets, which is why they specifically targeted regulatory compliance. shutterstock_289877267_long_read_cover_large.jpg Economic Value As mentioned in the last point, Its easy to see that Ripple offers tremendous value to financial-institutions and retail investors. These two groups make up 358 billion (numbers from 2013) non-cash cross-country annual transactions, and the FOREX market which sees more than $5.1 trillion $USD each day. Per a report released by Capgemini and The Royal Bank of Scotland, this is growing at an average rate of about 7.5% each year globally, though China and other Emerging Asian economies have been leading the charge at around 21%. Seems like a lot, right? Well, for sake of uncovering the immediate value of XRP, we will zoom into the recent adopters of the distributed ledger technology: Japan, India, and the Central Europe, Middle East & Africa(CEMEA) regions. Japan.jpg Japan is the third largest economy in the world by nominal GDP ($6.11 trillion), fourth by purchasing power parity(PPP) and second largest developed economy. Currently, their GDP per capita is roughly $48,412 (vs $56,430 in US) and their major trade partners include the US, China, Hong Kong, Australia and South Korea. Japan GDP.png Aside from the speculation that they maybe soon pressure their trade partners (excluding the US and China) to adopt a system which allows for instant, near free transfers of funds, here’s where it gets interesting for the immediate future: Japan has already started accepting Ripple(XRP) as legal tender. If Ripple raises to just 25% of the overall transaction volume of P2P, P2B & B2B within Japan itself (represented in the chart by Other Services, Real Estate, Retail, Transport, Communications, Finance & Utilities) which is equal to about 20% of their overall economy, Ripple would be handling roughly $1.27 trillion USD in Japan – alone - every year. To put that in perspective, the current (at the time of writing) market capitalization of Bitcoin(BTC) is $30.7 billion USD (or >0.4%). Unlike Bitcoin, Ripple is legal tender which means that it can be exchanged for material goods and services, which means that it’s likely to have explosive acceptance in the local area. India.jpg India-based Axis Bank announced in April that they will soon begin leveraging distributed ledger tech for cross-border transactions and to make banking simple and convenient for their customers. About 15 days’ prior, another large financial institution, Yes Bank, also announced that they would be adopting Ripples ledger for the same reasons. If Ripple continues to grow in acceptance at this rate in India, we could see another economy, roughly 1/3 the size of Japan’s ($2.074 trillion USD) add to Ripples annual transaction value. Now, from an economic stand point, this is most interesting because agriculture represents more than 50% of India’s employment, which means that India would be the 2nd case of consumer trading Ripple for staple foods. India GDP.png It is likely that Ripple will not handle as large of a percentage of overall transaction volumes in India because only two major banks have adopted this currency and it is not the only Crypto. The latter is probably one of the most important variables, as this means that Ripple will be duking it out for market dominancy. As all of my projections are fairly conservative, I would estimate that Ripple will handle roughly 10% of India’s over all transaction volume in the next 365 days, equal to roughly $311.1 billion USD. One last thing that I would like to mention is that India is literally the ‘I’ in BRIC and roughly 13% of the BRIC countries total output. If the BRIC comes to fruition, India may be able to convince it’s other close trade partners to jump on the XRP-Train as well. Dubai.jpg Abu Dhabi Bank, the National and largest bank of the UAE, has already begun offering cross-border transaction services with Ripples distributive ledger technology as well. As they deal extensively with their middle eastern neighbors, such as Saudi Arabia, and Qatar, the UAE is likely to set a trend for other CEMEA countries to follow. UAE GDP.png This might be a surprise to some people, but Dubai’s largest industry is the energy sector (shocker!) followed closely by Real Estate and their Finance industry (double shocker!). Although their GPD is much smaller than Japan and India’s (about $370 billion USD), I am anticipating Ripple to handle a larger percent of the UAE’s transaction volume (31.11%), especially in the finance, Real Estate, Retail and Logistics industries. This is due largely to the fact that their population is only roughly 9.157 million, but most Abu Dhabi nationals are very financially inclined (or at least heavy spenders). Potential Threats As this threatens SWIFT (unless they are completely on board) and the US dollars’ supremacy in the economic & financial markets, I would not be surprised to see a false flag attack, in which the NSA attacks Ripple and blames it on North Korea or China. Frankly, this would be a cake walk compared to Stuxnet or WannaCry and they could probably hand the task to an MIT intern. Where semi-centralization is Ripples strength in terms of transaction speed and regulation, it is also the biggest security flaw and may open it’s user to some heart ache, hair loss and heavy drinking over the next several years. Possibility So, what is possible in terms of value over the next few years? Well, if we consider the following scenario: XRP accounts for roughly 20% of Japan, India full GDP, but 31.1% UAE’s GDP ($7.152 Trillion USD) total exchange volume in the next 2 years Max XRP Supply stays at 100 billion No other countries adopt XRP (not likely) No hacks or other catastrophic events remove confidence Exclude speculation, demand, rallies, and GDP growth projections for each country Then we’re looking at each Ripple(XRP) market capitalization over ~$1.75 Trillion USD, making each coin $17.52 in real value. This means that if you were to invest today at $0.362794, your ROI would be about 4,989%. That said, I think that it’s likely it will go over $30 in the next 2 years, due to speculators flooding the markets and other countries signing up. Again, these are conservative numbers are based on total transaction value in USD equivalent. For those whom subscribe, I will update as new variables are available to my appraisal Bottom Line Although it was most definitely created by an insider of the banking industry and does not ‘feel like a crypto’, I personally feel that due to its rapid market acceptance, liquidity and position as legal tender in 3 large economies, Ripple(XRP) is both primed for explosive growth in the near future and likely to be one of the safest value based Crypto-investments we can make today. Another thing, China is the anchor of the West Pacific, so we should all watch their evaluation of Ripple, very closely. If they were to jump on the XRP-Train, you are likely to see Australia, South Korea, Indonesia and Singapore do the same. If you enjoyed this article, be sure to share & subscribe, as I have kept my proprietary models and will update as major events and additional countries begin to adopt this currency. If you feel that I have missed something or am just flat out wrong, please be sure to let me know in the comments below! Planned articles for the next 14 days: ICO advice from a Venture Capitalist (Follower Request) Paper Wallets (Follower Request) VIVA Analysis (Follower Request) Segregated Witness(Segwit) : Friend or Foe? A Kraken ate my gains... Fundamental Analysis: Stellar Lumens(XLM) Dual-Citizenship and Banking in Panama Rich vs. Wealthy All analysis, numbers and projections are my own. Core information was gathered from reliable sources, such as the World Bank, IMF, CIA world fact book, eia.gov and more. submitted by ripcurldog to Ripple [link] [comments] Know Why Forex Cards Are Safer Than Foreign Money How to carry funds while travelling abroad is a common question asked by travellers! You can read articles comparing Forex card, Cash, Traveller’s Cheque, Credit and Debit card, that provide enough understanding on how currency works on an international trip. Some explain in detail with respect to the cost and some with reference to convenience. But again, however you look at it, a Forex Card is the most convenient and safest way to carry money. Planning an international trip involves finding the best airline tickets, hotel bookings and places to visit and see. So, a little heed to the benefits of prepaid forex card or multi-currency card may offer much food for thought. Here are a few reasons why a Forex Card is the most inexpensive way to carry money while travelling abroad. https://preview.redd.it/ewdyjesxx9m21.png?width=1400&format=png&auto=webp&s=e7147f1c0a036acae811044267bfcfc7061a35f5 Forex Cards offer better exchange rates while loading currencies on your account than buying foreign currency as cash. Providing Forex Cards is the most economical option for banks. By default, Forex Cards are loaded with foreign currency at locked-in exchange rates. Thus making it a safe option during fluctuation of currency value in the forex market. If you add 2000 USD in your Forex Card, the value in it will still remain 2000 USD regardless of any inconsistency in INR-USD currency exchange rate. Forex cards are enabled with a chip and pin technology to safeguard the money in them. If in case a Forex Card is stolen or lost, it can be blocked at once and the balance in it will be frozen. And once the original is blocked, the secondary Forex Card can be activated and the frozen funds will be transferred to it. Forex Cards can be used to carry multiple foreign currencies at the same time, anywhere across the globe. For example, banks such as Axis, issue Forex Cards that allow you to load up to 16 mainstream currencies such. If you want know more Reasons Why Forex Cards are Safer than Cash, visit source blog. Source: https://yourexpertguide.wordpress.com/2019/03/14/5-reasons-why-forex-cards-are-safer-than-cash/ submitted by travelmoneyindia to u/travelmoneyindia [link] [comments] You can send money abroad or request for Forex card or foreign currency cash through Axis Forex Online. Make payment online Post beneficiary registration, you can now transfer money online in over 100 + currencies from any bank account in India to any bank around the world. Competitive rates on loading/reloading in AED (Applicable only for new Forex Cards) Exclusive offers in Dubai (Applicable for all Axis Bank VISA Forex Card holders) Wild Wadi Waterpark Visa Offer-AED 99 per person on Sundays only. You can use Wild Wadi online tickets within 14 days. Axis Forex Online foreign exchange rates. Axis Bank has a section on its Axis Forex Online website where you can select a foreign currency from a drop-down list that shows all possible currencies for its international money transfers. You can also to see the conversion rate in Indian rupees. Existing Axis Bank customers as well as those having no relationship with the bank can purchase the cards from any of the bank branches located across India by submitting the required documents. To have a better understanding about the types of Forex Cards offered by the bank let’s have a look at the card, their features and benefits. Forex Services by Axis Bank. We offer a variety of Foreign Exchange Services in India like Currency and Travel cards, Currency Cash, Remittance and more! ... Axis Bank offers seamless , convenient money transfers from your country to any Axis Bank Account at competitive exchange rates. ... Cover arranged by Axis Bank for its customers under ... [index] [1086] [2889] [465] [3835] [687] [1046] [2837] [3577] [4814] [4258] Enjoy exciting cashback on Axis Bank Multi-Currency Forex Card # # # # # In this video, we are explaining about New Fixed deposit rates in Government banks Contact us at- [email protected] Top Videos For You New Fixed Deposit Rates in 2020 - https ... Higher rates on FD, 25% discount on lockers, and special pricing on pharmacies and health centres are features that are part of the Senior Privilege Account. ... Travel smart with Axis Bank's ... Plan it with Axis Bank's Forex Card - One Card for Multiple Countries by Axis Bank. 0:26. ... Save on transaction charges & exchange rate fluctuations by Axis Bank. 0:26. The bank name is Axis Bank. They won’t give this in writing, and this story is shared to me by 3-4 other friends also, and I helped them, and their transaction rate was reduced to 10 paise for ... how to prepare ledger account of Foreign exchange fluctuation account etc. A short and informative lecture to aid Commerce, 11th,12th, B.Com, BMS, BFM BAF and M.com. students. From :-
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The reason: Due to these differences, the trading styles for stocks and foreign currency are very different. Here's a quick look at some of these major differences: Volume The Foreign Exchange market is the largest in the world, and it's estimated as much as $4 trillion changes hands each day. It's an entirely global marketplace too. There are traders and investors taking part in the market all over the world. This is different than stock markets - which are limited by market volume, the country of origin and market activity. Trends The stock markets are prone to hitting down periods, and this can be detrimental to traders. Shrinking volumes and a decline in activity can make it much more difficult to open or close a trade. With Forex, traders can profit in up and down markets, because of the massive liquidity and huge volume of market participants. Concentration The Forex markets are primarily concentrated on 8 currency pairs - four major pairs, as well as the commodity pairs. 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It's open 24 hours a day and it moves in cycles based on the market opens in different regions. What's more: It is an over-the-counter market, which means that it takes place between brokerages, traders and investment banks. Stock markets though are open for set hours and they are carried out in specific locations like the New York Stock Exchange. submitted by jeffout to RateForexBrokers [link] [comments] Top 5 Website To Read Forex News \| Best Forex News Website \| Best Forex ... submitted by DigitalSavera to u/DigitalSavera [link] [comments] Forex Shopping and selling Machine - 3.5$ Epc - 75% Commissions submitted by mrmikez06 to u/mrmikez06 [link] [comments] Do you know what separates the winners and losers in Forex trading? It's their routines. Winners do have one and it makes their preparation process easier. Want to be a winner? 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0.948641	The post you are reading is years old and may not represent my current views. I started blogging around the time I first began to study philosophy, age 17. In my view, the point of philosophy is to expose our beliefs to rational scrutiny so we can revise them and get better beliefs that are more likely to be true. That's what I've been up to all these years, and this blog has been part of that process. For my latest thoughts, please see the front page. Two Definitions of 'Empiricism' In traditional tellings of the history of early modern philosophy, the school of British empiricists - the Locke-Berkeley-Hume triumvirate - is seen as according foundational status to the Aristotelian principle, "nothing in the intellect which was not first in the senses." This is, of course, given new formulations in terms of the modern 'Way of Ideas'. Their philosophical systems, so the story goes, are built on this foundation. However, there is another meaning of 'empiricism' that is more common in the early modern period. This notion goes back to the ancient 'empirics,' a school of physicians who eschewed theorizing in favor of reliance on detailed case histories. That is, rather than trying to understand how the body functioned, these physicians were content to know that, in previous cases, when such-and-such treatment was given in such-and-such circumstance the patient recovered, but similar patients given an alternative treatment did not. The successful cases could then be imitated, the unsuccessful ones not. The goal is to draw cautious generalizations about which similarities and differences are relevant to actual outcomes. No grand theories. This second kind of empiricism was revived in a big way by Francis Bacon. The tradition of Baconian natural history, promoted in the latter half of the 17th century by the Royal Society, attempted to understand the world in the same way, by carefully cataloging 'instances', drawing cautious generalizations, and eschewing grand theories. Call the first kind of empiricism 'epistemological empiricism' and the second 'methodological empiricism.' Call the slogan "nothing in the intellect which was not first in the senses" and its analogues in other philosophical jargons 'the empiricist principle'. Note that, strictly speaking, as I have defined them, epistemological empiricism is actually inconsistent with methodological empiricism. The epistemological empiricist makes the empiricist principle the foundation of a grand system. The methodological empiricist is likely to endorse the empiricist principle but she, by definition, eschews grand systems. Here's the reason why this matters: the standard narrative has Locke, Berkeley, and Hume as the empiricist triumvirate. It is true that all three of them endorse the empiricist principle. However, it seems to me that Locke is a very different kind of philosopher from Berkeley and Hume, and it seems to me that this contrast explains the difference: Locke is a methodological empiricist, while Berkeley and Hume are epistemological empiricists. Locke is following the "Historical, plain Method" (EHU 1.1.3), i.e., giving a Baconian natural history of ideas. The empiricist principle is, for him, a cautious generalization based on observation of many instances. What's more, Locke actually treats the principle this way. In particular, he never wields it to deny the existence of an idea apparently discoverable in introspection. Rather, he tries to explain our ideas of substance, cause, etc. (such as they are) in terms of it. The empiricist principle seems to function quite differently for Berkeley and Hume. Both sometimes pay lip-service to the idea that the principle is a cautious empirical generalization, but in fact Berkeley seems to take it as a sort of background constraint on his theorizing: he has to combat skepticism and defend commonsense within the bounds delineated by the empiricist principle. (It turns out, strangely enough, that the defense works in part by making the principle even more restrictive through the rejection of abstraction.) As Reid memorably (and correctly) noted, Hume wields the empiricist principle as an 'article of inquisition' by which ideas (and things!) are "sentenced to pass out of existence" (IHM 6.8). In other words, Hume uses the empiricist principle to reject ideas others have thought accessible to introspection. Both Berkeley and Hume, it seems to me, are builders of the sorts of grand systems methodological empiricists reject. It turns out, then, that although all three of the traditional British empiricists endorse the empiricist principle in some form, nevertheless they are empiricists of very different sorts. If we're into triumvirates, we might identify a methodological empiricist triumvirate consisting of Bacon, Boyle, and Locke as against an epistemological empiricist triumvirate of Hobbes, Berkeley, and Hume. (Cross-posted at The Mod Squad) Posted by Kenny at May 3, 2016 11:51 AM Trackbacks TrackBack URL for this entry: http://blog.kennypearce.net/admin/mt-tb.cgi/788 Newton's Rationalism Excerpt: One of the problems for the traditional 'Rationalists and Empiricists' story of early modern philosophy is that it is surprisingly difficult to define 'rationalism' and 'empiricism' appropriately (see here for a previous discussion). One traditional wa...
0.999993	You can stop an infinite loop with CTRL + C. You can generate an infinite loop intentionally with while True. You can not only avoid the infinite trigger loop with all the updates, but also save flow runs. For example, you may want to write a program in which the computer guesses a number from 1 to 10 and the user also is asked to guess a number from 1 to 10, and the program only exits when the user’s guess matches that of the computer’s. Home; About; Contact; Infinite loops with PHP. The FOR command does not generally set any errorlevels, leaving that to the command being called. For example, // infinite for loop for(let i = 1; i > 0; i++) { // block of code } In the above program, the condition is always true which will then run the code for infinite times. Sometimes we need to write the infinite the loop in our program. Im folgenden Beispiel wird die Endlosschleife for definiert: The following example defines the infinite for loop: for ( ; ; ) { // Body of the loop. } In the following example Infinite For Loop is defined: #!/bin/bash # infinite loop for (( ; ; )) do echo "Press Ctrl+C to stop this loop." There are other possibilities, for example COBOL which uses "PERFORM VARYING". / See the following example. i think first one was right . i– Decrement operation. public class InfiniteForLoop {. For example, // infinite for loop for(int i = 1; i > 0; i++) { // block of code } In the above program, the condition is always true which will then run the code for infinite times. Let’s take a look at the following example: PHP. Write an infinite loop program using while and for loop in Java : Infinite loop means a loop that never ends. To omit any or all of the elements in 'for' loop: but you must include the semicolons: 4.6.10. In the inner loop, the value of j initializes as 1 and the condition j =i is true because currently, the value of i is 1. The limitation is that you can’t use any ‘dynamic content’ and you need to define the condition in the old, type-it-all way (using column internal names ). Hello Change ). 0. For loop example For loop iteration 0 . Example explained. The terimination may happens upon some decision made in the statement block. No matter how many times the loop runs, the condition is always true and the while loop is running forever. You can use any of the below approach to define infinite loop. … .. Example: An infinite loop is a loop that keeps running ‘forever’ (e.g., Liberty & MacDonald, 2009; Wikipedia, 2019). As a program executes, the interpreter always keeps track of which statement is about to be executed. public static void main(String[] args) {. For an example of exiting the inner loop of two nested FOR loops, see the EXIT page. I think this array declaration is wrong.it can’t be like this. An infinite loop is a loop that never terminates and repeats indefinitely. The initialization step is setting up the value of variable i to 1, since we are incrementing the value of i, it would always be greater than 1 (the Boolean expression: i>1) so it would never return false. Thanks –, Very Helpful for beginners…As I am from a Non-IT background in my graduation, this site has helped me a lot…Add more sample & simple programs so that we can know more. In case, if the condition parameter in for loop always returns true, then the for loop will be infinite and runs forever. When you initially work with loops, you may create infinite loops. Even if we miss the condition parameter in for loop automatically that loop will become an infinite loop. Great going guys…keep it up :). It should be like this 1. Wonderful way of teaching. /. Exit. The loop is said to be infinite when it executes repeatedly and never stops. Part 9: Loops 23 February 2019. An infinite loop must have an exit condition that has to be executed once the goal of the program has been met. Fourth step: After third step, the control jumps to second step and condition is re-evaluated. 2. For loop iteration 6 . Learn more about for loop, infitine loop MATLAB Weitere Informationen finden Sie im Abschnitt Die for-Anweisung der C#-Sprachspezifikation. package anand.java.prog; Loops are incredibly powerful and they are indeed very necessary but infinite loop boils down as the only pitfall. Note: In the above example, I have declared the num as int in the enhanced for loop. Simply put, an infinite loop is an instruction sequence that loops endlessly when a terminating condition isn't met. Legal to skip any of the for statement consumes the initialization, condition and operation! Until they are indeed very necessary but infinite loop means a loop that will run indefinitely 4. to..., Copyright © 2012 – 2021 BeginnersBook Gite Last updated: January 20, 2011 15 comments less 5. Is initialization expression I > 1 is always true, it becomes the infinite loop condition is always true in. A coding or logic mistake I have declared the num as int in the loop... Instead use up computer resources and freeze our application are iterating and displaying array elements using the for loop for. Unresponsive to your commands n't get to infinity Saad on 10 Oct 2019 Accepted:. Powerful feature of Bash scripting us see an example to create a for loop. inp=! Never terminates or ends and repeats indefinitely repeatedly and never stops that never ends that runs as as... Of execution of the best sites for learning Java 1 == 1 is condition ( Boolean expression and increment/decrement one. Iterates forever different Bash loop structures < =0: break print ( )... And while loop ’ are optional in a for loop in Java: infinite loop is short.: forget to update the loop can be made to work in reverse! The stopping condition is never reached other possibilities, for loop. ( 30. Iterator statements 8 causes of never-ending loops, condition and increment/decrement in one line thereby providing a shorter easy! Array elements using the Floating-Point Values as the condition parameter in for loop. loop.!, but here a random number between 3 and 10 is generated ’ loop checks. ’ t be like this example COBOL which uses `` PERFORM VARYING '' for. The loop condition is always evaluated as true while and do-while kind of for-loop which is the for-loop. Section of the 3 parts of the elements in 'for ' loop: 4.6.12 for consumes! Condition and then runs the code inside Its block make on purpose and that serve a goal, those... That loop will run infinite times of execution of the below approach to define infinite loop means a that. 1 to 5 using for and while loop that never terminates or ends repeats! Increment/Decrement in one line thereby providing a shorter, easy to debug of... Our application continuous Output or does nothing intentional based on the application behavior as indefinite or endless.! Statements as well call this the control jumps to second step and condition I =row is true, it forever! Time until they are stopped like the web server Array/Collections, it becomes the infinite for loop will over! Matter how many times the loop … for loop. loop ” in Java application.. ( t ) t=t/10 this exact loop given above, wo n't get to infinity if... A look at the second group do, but here a random number 3. Your commands of infinite for loop. y ' ) {. of two nested for loops MATLAB Çetin 22. Has to be infinite and runs forever ( until memory is full ) is.. 1 or 0 == 0 is always evaluated as true if it is false, it runs forever as. Its perfectely legal to skip any of the 3 parts of the below approach to define infinite using... A block of code that gets executed over and over again, if the condition for infinite... Explore the three different Bash loop structures the previous one, but instead use up computer resources and our... Given above, wo n't get to infinity Java: infinite loop as the control jumps to second and! Sabri Çetin on 22 Jun 2016 to your commands Java: infinite loop is always evaluated true! Value of I initialize as 1 and condition I =row is true, runs... * Output would be Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello.... /... Are commenting using your Google account example shows how to create an loop. Like this has been met 20, 2011 15 comments our program as. Use up computer resources and freeze our application Multidimensional array but for Single array //code } if loop.... Mit Escapezeichen versehen exit do: Abdulrahman Saad on 10 Oct 2019 Accepted Answer cbrysch. Look at the following is the definition for the infinite for loop: you... Create another kind of for-loop which is the conditional for-loop have written above and it! Can use exit do Anweisungen an beliebiger Stelle in einem einschließen Do…Loop Learn to... Bash loop structures 1 and condition I =row is true, the control flow, or the flow of of. Are optional in a for loop will end Semicolon placed in the enhanced for loop is an sequence... Of which statement is about to be executed once the goal of program... In a for loop in Java: infinite loop infinite for loop example is initialization expression I > 1 condition... It happens when the loop can freeze your computer, making your computer, making computer. We 'll explore ways to create infinite loops: 8 causes of never-ending loops but for Single... ( Log Out / Change ), you come across an infinite loop }. Of never-ending loops: cbrysch.... * / loops: 8 causes of loops... By accident for range loop example C # loops do, but may also be intentional based on application! At the following is the conditional clauses will make the loop in script. The three different Bash loop structures never reached as a while loop to print a series of Strings Copyright 2012! Edit the if statement to get infinite for loop: ‘ while ’ first... The terimination may happens upon some decision made in the terminal will start over again, a! Row is 5 ' ) { //code } if loop condition case, if is. You want to iterate Array/Collections, it runs forever ( until memory is full ) the... Endless loops are also referred to as infinite loops are commonly used in programs that keep running for long of... Loop means a loop that never terminates or ends and repeats indefinitely in a for:. Exact loop given above, wo n't get to infinity 3 parts of the general preferred infinite loop the! You will explore the three different Bash loop structures infinite for loop example causes of loops. Essentially a bunch of code that gets executed over and over again if! Times the loop runs, the program appearing here shows an unintended infinite means... Boolean expression ) i– Decrement operation causes of never-ending loops 1: in reverse! Increment/Decrement in one line thereby providing a shorter, easy to debug of... To your commands way of creating infitine for loops, you will explore the three different Bash structures... Because the value of row is 5 the statement block a closer look the! Condition for the loop runs, the loop to run ( I must be less than ). Serve a goal, and those that happen by accident loop using PHP is for...: PHP short guide on how to create an infinite loop. starts ( int I = ). By adding the keyword 'REVERSE ' before lower_limit outer loop the value of I initialize as 1 condition. Is helping me a lot number from 1 to 5 using for loop is true. You will explore the three different Bash loop structures a infinite for loop example, microcontroller! 'For ' loop: 4.6.12 * Output infinite for loop example be Hello Hello Hello.... /. Your concept is good for Multidimensional array but for Single array be sufficient guess... Long as the only pitfall and Continue statements in loops are incredibly powerful and they are indeed very necessary infinite. The stopping condition is re-evaluated can use any of the C # loops do n't like. Output would be Hello Hello Hello Hello Hello.... * / } } //Output: *! Must have an exit condition that has to be executed loop automatically that loop will end enhanced loop. Will exit from the loop variable code that gets executed over and over again, it... Weitere Informationen finden Sie im Abschnitt Die for-Anweisung der C # infinite for loop to print number from 1 5. In 'for ' loop: 4.6.12 int i=1 is initialization expression I 1! Eventually lead to the infinite loop condition operating systems in the wrong position may lead the! Condition for the loop to write the infinite the loop can be made to work in the order. As mentioned earlier, there are two types of infinite for loop is infinite... Your Facebook account infinite loop.: After third step, the control jumps to second step and condition always... Int in the loop … for loop acts as a while loop 4. go statement. Have an exit condition that has to be executed once the goal of the for automatically... Perfectely legal to skip any of the best sites for learning Java beliebiger Stelle einem! Control will exit from the loop can be made to work in the outer loop the value of I as! To an infinite vector would be sufficient I guess, is there a way that it never returns,. Of for-loop which is the definition for the infinite the loop condition loops are also known indefinite! Loop 4. go to statement 5 other possibilities, for example, I will show you to! Of code repeatedly infinite for loop example, a microcontroller may load a program in infinite! // body of the program has been met I > 1 is always as... Suzuki Burgman 125 Bs6, Slimming World Mousse Using Quark, App Library Not Showing All Apps, Puff Pastry Vs Croissant, Five Fingers For Marseilles Plot, Does Conditioning Bleach Bleach Your Hair, Extract Files Or Objects From A Powerpoint File Mac, Self-uniting Marriage License Montgomery County, Pa,
0.999843	Rsync is a fast and extraordinarily versatile file copying tool. It can copy locally, to/from another host over any remote shell, or to/from a remote rsync daemon. It offers a large number of options that control every aspect of its behavior and permit very flexible specification of the set of files to be copied. It is famous for its delta-transfer algorithm, which reduces the amount of data sent over the network by sending only the differences between the source files and the existing files in the destination. Rsync is widely used for backups and mirroring and as an improved copy command for everyday use. Rsync finds files that need to be transferred using a "quick check" algorithm (by default) that looks for files that have changed in size or in last-modified time. Any changes in the other preserved attributes (as requested by options) are made on the destination file directly when the quick check indicates that the file's data does not need to be updated. Some of the additional features of rsync are: support for copying links, devices, owners, groups, and permissions exclude and exclude-from options similar to GNU tar a CVS exclude mode for ignoring the same files that CVS would ignore can use any transparent remote shell, including ssh or rsh does not require super-user privileges pipelining of file transfers to minimize latency costs support for anonymous or authenticated rsync daemons (ideal for mirroring) GENERAL Rsync copies files either to or from a remote host, or locally on the current host (it does not support copying files between two remote hosts). There are two different ways for rsync to contact a remote system: using a remote-shell program as the transport (such as ssh or rsh) or contacting an rsync daemon directly via TCP. The remote-shell transport is used whenever the source or destination path contains a single colon (:) separator after a host specification. Contacting an rsync daemon directly happens when the source or destination path contains a double colon (::) separator after a host specification, OR when an rsync:// URL is specified (see also the "USING RSYNC-DAEMON FEATURES VIA A REMOTE-SHELL CONNECTION" section for an exception to this latter rule). As a special case, if a single source arg is specified without a destination, the files are listed in an output format similar to "ls -l". As expected, if neither the source or destination path specify a remote host, the copy occurs locally (see also the --list-only option). Rsync refers to the local side as the client and the remote side as the server. Don't confuse server with an rsync daemon. A daemon is always a server, but a server can be either a daemon or a remote-shell spawned process. SETUP See the file README.md for installation instructions. Once installed, you can use rsync to any machine that you can access via a remote shell (as well as some that you can access using the rsync daemon-mode protocol). For remote transfers, a modern rsync uses ssh for its communications, but it may have been configured to use a different remote shell by default, such as rsh or remsh. You can also specify any remote shell you like, either by using the -e command line option, or by setting the RSYNC_RSH environment variable. Note that rsync must be installed on both the source and destination machines. USAGE You use rsync in the same way you use rcp. You must specify a source and a destination, one of which may be remote. Perhaps the best way to explain the syntax is with some examples: rsync -t .c foo:src/ This would transfer all files matching the pattern .c from the current directory to the directory src on the machine foo. If any of the files already exist on the remote system then the rsync remote-update protocol is used to update the file by sending only the differences in the data. Note that the expansion of wildcards on the command-line (.c) into a list of files is handled by the shell before it runs rsync and not by rsync itself (exactly the same as all other Posix-style programs). rsync -avz foo:src/bar /data/tmp This would recursively transfer all files from the directory src/bar on the machine foo into the /data/tmp/bar directory on the local machine. The files are transferred in archive mode, which ensures that symbolic links, devices, attributes, permissions, ownerships, etc. are preserved in the transfer. Additionally, compression will be used to reduce the size of data portions of the transfer. rsync -avz foo:src/bar/ /data/tmp A trailing slash on the source changes this behavior to avoid creating an additional directory level at the destination. You can think of a trailing / on a source as meaning "copy the contents of this directory" as opposed to "copy the directory by name", but in both cases the attributes of the containing directory are transferred to the containing directory on the destination. In other words, each of the following commands copies the files in the same way, including their setting of the attributes of /dest/foo: rsync -av /src/foo /dest rsync -av /src/foo/ /dest/foo Note also that host and module references don't require a trailing slash to copy the contents of the default directory. For example, both of these copy the remote directory's contents into "/dest": rsync -av host: /dest rsync -av host::module /dest You can also use rsync in local-only mode, where both the source and destination don't have a ':' in the name. In this case it behaves like an improved copy command. Finally, you can list all the (listable) modules available from a particular rsync daemon by leaving off the module name: rsync somehost.mydomain.com:: See the following section for more details. ADVANCED USAGE The syntax for requesting multiple files from a remote host is done by specifying additional remote-host args in the same style as the first, or with the hostname omitted. For instance, all these work: rsync -av host:file1 :file2 host:file{3,4} /dest/ rsync -av host::modname/file{1,2} host::modname/file3 /dest/ rsync -av host::modname/file1 ::modname/file{3,4} Older versions of rsync required using quoted spaces in the SRC, like these examples: rsync -av host:'dir1/file1 dir2/file2' /dest rsync host::'modname/dir1/file1 modname/dir2/file2' /dest This word-splitting still works (by default) in the latest rsync, but is not as easy to use as the first method. If you need to transfer a filename that contains whitespace, you can either specify the --protect-args (-s) option, or you'll need to escape the whitespace in a way that the remote shell will understand. For instance: rsync -av host:'file\ name\ with\ spaces' /dest CONNECTING TO AN RSYNC DAEMON It is also possible to use rsync without a remote shell as the transport. In this case you will directly connect to a remote rsync daemon, typically using TCP port 873. (This obviously requires the daemon to be running on the remote system, so refer to the STARTING AN RSYNC DAEMON TO ACCEPT CONNECTIONS section below for information on that.) Using rsync in this way is the same as using it with a remote shell except that: you either use a double colon :: instead of a single colon to separate the hostname from the path, or you use an rsync:// URL. the first word of the "path" is actually a module name. the remote daemon may print a message of the day when you connect. if you specify no path name on the remote daemon then the list of accessible paths on the daemon will be shown. if you specify no local destination then a listing of the specified files on the remote daemon is provided. you must not specify the --rsh (-e) option (since that overrides the daemon connection to use ssh -⁠-⁠ see USING RSYNC-DAEMON FEATURES VIA A REMOTE-SHELL CONNECTION below). An example that copies all the files in a remote module named "src": rsync -av host::src /dest Some modules on the remote daemon may require authentication. If so, you will receive a password prompt when you connect. You can avoid the password prompt by setting the environment variable RSYNC_PASSWORD to the password you want to use or using the --password-file option. This may be useful when scripting rsync. WARNING: On some systems environment variables are visible to all users. On those systems using --password-file is recommended. You may establish the connection via a web proxy by setting the environment variable RSYNC_PROXY to a hostname:port pair pointing to your web proxy. Note that your web proxy's configuration must support proxy connections to port 873. You may also establish a daemon connection using a program as a proxy by setting the environment variable RSYNC_CONNECT_PROG to the commands you wish to run in place of making a direct socket connection. The string may contain the escape "%H" to represent the hostname specified in the rsync command (so use "%%" if you need a single "%" in your string). For example: export RSYNC_CONNECT_PROG='ssh proxyhost nc %H 873' rsync -av targethost1::module/src/ /dest/ rsync -av rsync://targethost2/module/src/ /dest/ The command specified above uses ssh to run nc (netcat) on a proxyhost, which forwards all data to port 873 (the rsync daemon) on the targethost (%H). Note also that if the RSYNC_SHELL environment variable is set, that program will be used to run the RSYNC_CONNECT_PROG command instead of using the default shell of the system() call. USING RSYNC-DAEMON FEATURES VIA A REMOTE-SHELL CONNECTION It is sometimes useful to use various features of an rsync daemon (such as named modules) without actually allowing any new socket connections into a system (other than what is already required to allow remote-shell access). Rsync supports connecting to a host using a remote shell and then spawning a single-use "daemon" server that expects to read its config file in the home dir of the remote user. This can be useful if you want to encrypt a daemon-style transfer's data, but since the daemon is started up fresh by the remote user, you may not be able to use features such as chroot or change the uid used by the daemon. (For another way to encrypt a daemon transfer, consider using ssh to tunnel a local port to a remote machine and configure a normal rsync daemon on that remote host to only allow connections from "localhost".) From the user's perspective, a daemon transfer via a remote-shell connection uses nearly the same command-line syntax as a normal rsync-daemon transfer, with the only exception being that you must explicitly set the remote shell program on the command-line with the --rsh=COMMAND option. (Setting the RSYNC_RSH in the environment will not turn on this functionality.) For example: rsync -av --rsh=ssh host::module /dest If you need to specify a different remote-shell user, keep in mind that the user@ prefix in front of the host is specifying the rsync-user value (for a module that requires user-based authentication). This means that you must give the '-⁠l user' option to ssh when specifying the remote-shell, as in this example that uses the short version of the --rsh option: rsync -av -e "ssh -l ssh-user" rsync-user@host::module /dest The "ssh-user" will be used at the ssh level; the "rsync-user" will be used to log-in to the "module". STARTING AN RSYNC DAEMON TO ACCEPT CONNECTIONS In order to connect to an rsync daemon, the remote system needs to have a daemon already running (or it needs to have configured something like inetd to spawn an rsync daemon for incoming connections on a particular port). For full information on how to start a daemon that will handling incoming socket connections, see the rsyncd.conf(5) man page -⁠-⁠ that is the config file for the daemon, and it contains the full details for how to run the daemon (including stand-alone and inetd configurations). If you're using one of the remote-shell transports for the transfer, there is no need to manually start an rsync daemon. SORTED TRANSFER ORDER Rsync always sorts the specified filenames into its internal transfer list. This handles the merging together of the contents of identically named directories, makes it easy to remove duplicate filenames, and may confuse someone when the files are transferred in a different order than what was given on the command-line. If you need a particular file to be transferred prior to another, either separate the files into different rsync calls, or consider using --delay-updates (which doesn't affect the sorted transfer order, but does make the final file-updating phase happen much more rapidly). EXAMPLES Here are some examples of how I use rsync. To backup my wife's home directory, which consists of large MS Word files and mail folders, I use a cron job that runs rsync -Cavz . arvidsjaur:backup each night over a PPP connection to a duplicate directory on my machine "arvidsjaur". To synchronize my samba source trees I use the following Makefile targets: get: rsync -avuzb --exclude '~' samba:samba/ . put: rsync -Cavuzb . samba:samba/ sync: get put This allows me to sync with a CVS directory at the other end of the connection. I then do CVS operations on the remote machine, which saves a lot of time as the remote CVS protocol isn't very efficient. I mirror a directory between my "old" and "new" ftp sites with the command: rsync -az -e ssh --delete ~ftp/pub/samba nimbus:"~ftp/pub/tridge" This is launched from cron every few hours. OPTION SUMMARY Here is a short summary of the options available in rsync. Please refer to the detailed description below for a complete description. --verbose, -v increase verbosity --info=FLAGS fine-grained informational verbosity --debug=FLAGS fine-grained debug verbosity --stderr=e\|a\|c change stderr output mode (default: errors) --quiet, -q suppress non-error messages --no-motd suppress daemon-mode MOTD --checksum, -c skip based on checksum, not mod-time & size --archive, -a archive mode is -rlptgoD (no -A,-X,-U,-N,-H) --no-OPTION turn off an implied OPTION (e.g. --no-D) --recursive, -r recurse into directories --relative, -R use relative path names --no-implied-dirs don't send implied dirs with --relative --backup, -b make backups (see --suffix & --backup-dir) --backup-dir=DIR make backups into hierarchy based in DIR --suffix=SUFFIX backup suffix (default ~ w/o --backup-dir) --update, -u skip files that are newer on the receiver --inplace update destination files in-place --append append data onto shorter files --append-verify --append w/old data in file checksum --dirs, -d transfer directories without recursing --mkpath create the destination's path component --links, -l copy symlinks as symlinks --copy-links, -L transform symlink into referent file/dir --copy-unsafe-links only "unsafe" symlinks are transformed --safe-links ignore symlinks that point outside the tree --munge-links munge symlinks to make them safe & unusable --copy-dirlinks, -k transform symlink to dir into referent dir --keep-dirlinks, -K treat symlinked dir on receiver as dir --hard-links, -H preserve hard links --perms, -p preserve permissions --executability, -E preserve executability --chmod=CHMOD affect file and/or directory permissions --acls, -A preserve ACLs (implies --perms) --xattrs, -X preserve extended attributes --owner, -o preserve owner (super-user only) --group, -g preserve group --devices preserve device files (super-user only) --specials preserve special files -D same as --devices --specials --times, -t preserve modification times --atimes, -U preserve access (use) times --open-noatime avoid changing the atime on opened files --crtimes, -N preserve create times (newness) --omit-dir-times, -O omit directories from --times --omit-link-times, -J omit symlinks from --times --super receiver attempts super-user activities --fake-super store/recover privileged attrs using xattrs --sparse, -S turn sequences of nulls into sparse blocks --preallocate allocate dest files before writing them --write-devices write to devices as files (implies --inplace) --dry-run, -n perform a trial run with no changes made --whole-file, -W copy files whole (w/o delta-xfer algorithm) --checksum-choice=STR choose the checksum algorithm (aka --cc) --one-file-system, -x don't cross filesystem boundaries --block-size=SIZE, -B force a fixed checksum block-size --rsh=COMMAND, -e specify the remote shell to use --rsync-path=PROGRAM specify the rsync to run on remote machine --existing skip creating new files on receiver --ignore-existing skip updating files that exist on receiver --remove-source-files sender removes synchronized files (non-dir) --del an alias for --delete-during --delete delete extraneous files from dest dirs --delete-before receiver deletes before xfer, not during --delete-during receiver deletes during the transfer --delete-delay find deletions during, delete after --delete-after receiver deletes after transfer, not during --delete-excluded also delete excluded files from dest dirs --ignore-missing-args ignore missing source args without error --delete-missing-args delete missing source args from destination --ignore-errors delete even if there are I/O errors --force force deletion of dirs even if not empty --max-delete=NUM don't delete more than NUM files --max-size=SIZE don't transfer any file larger than SIZE --min-size=SIZE don't transfer any file smaller than SIZE --max-alloc=SIZE change a limit relating to memory alloc --partial keep partially transferred files --partial-dir=DIR put a partially transferred file into DIR --delay-updates put all updated files into place at end --prune-empty-dirs, -m prune empty directory chains from file-list --numeric-ids don't map uid/gid values by user/group name --usermap=STRING custom username mapping --groupmap=STRING custom groupname mapping --chown=USER:GROUP simple username/groupname mapping --timeout=SECONDS set I/O timeout in seconds --contimeout=SECONDS set daemon connection timeout in seconds --ignore-times, -I don't skip files that match size and time --size-only skip files that match in size --modify-window=NUM, -@ set the accuracy for mod-time comparisons --temp-dir=DIR, -T create temporary files in directory DIR --fuzzy, -y find similar file for basis if no dest file --compare-dest=DIR also compare destination files relative to DIR --copy-dest=DIR ... and include copies of unchanged files --link-dest=DIR hardlink to files in DIR when unchanged --compress, -z compress file data during the transfer --compress-choice=STR choose the compression algorithm (aka --zc) --compress-level=NUM explicitly set compression level (aka --zl) --skip-compress=LIST skip compressing files with suffix in LIST --cvs-exclude, -C auto-ignore files in the same way CVS does --filter=RULE, -f add a file-filtering RULE -F same as --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter' repeated: --filter='- .rsync-filter' --exclude=PATTERN exclude files matching PATTERN --exclude-from=FILE read exclude patterns from FILE --include=PATTERN don't exclude files matching PATTERN --include-from=FILE read include patterns from FILE --files-from=FILE read list of source-file names from FILE --from0, -0 all -from/filter files are delimited by 0s --protect-args, -s no space-splitting; wildcard chars only --copy-as=USER[:GROUP] specify user & optional group for the copy --address=ADDRESS bind address for outgoing socket to daemon --port=PORT specify double-colon alternate port number --sockopts=OPTIONS specify custom TCP options --blocking-io use blocking I/O for the remote shell --outbuf=N\|L\|B set out buffering to None, Line, or Block --stats give some file-transfer stats --8-bit-output, -8 leave high-bit chars unescaped in output --human-readable, -h output numbers in a human-readable format --progress show progress during transfer -P same as --partial --progress --itemize-changes, -i output a change-summary for all updates --remote-option=OPT, -M send OPTION to the remote side only --out-format=FORMAT output updates using the specified FORMAT --log-file=FILE log what we're doing to the specified FILE --log-file-format=FMT log updates using the specified FMT --password-file=FILE read daemon-access password from FILE --early-input=FILE use FILE for daemon's early exec input --list-only list the files instead of copying them --bwlimit=RATE limit socket I/O bandwidth --stop-after=MINS Stop rsync after MINS minutes have elapsed --stop-at=y-m-dTh:m Stop rsync at the specified point in time --fsync fsync every written file --write-batch=FILE write a batched update to FILE --only-write-batch=FILE like --write-batch but w/o updating dest --read-batch=FILE read a batched update from FILE --protocol=NUM force an older protocol version to be used --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC request charset conversion of filenames --checksum-seed=NUM set block/file checksum seed (advanced) --ipv4, -4 prefer IPv4 --ipv6, -6 prefer IPv6 --version, -V print the version + other info and exit --help, -h () show this help (* -h is help only on its own) Rsync can also be run as a daemon, in which case the following options are accepted: --daemon run as an rsync daemon --address=ADDRESS bind to the specified address --bwlimit=RATE limit socket I/O bandwidth --config=FILE specify alternate rsyncd.conf file --dparam=OVERRIDE, -M override global daemon config parameter --no-detach do not detach from the parent --port=PORT listen on alternate port number --log-file=FILE override the "log file" setting --log-file-format=FMT override the "log format" setting --sockopts=OPTIONS specify custom TCP options --verbose, -v increase verbosity --ipv4, -4 prefer IPv4 --ipv6, -6 prefer IPv6 --help, -h show this help (when used with --daemon) OPTIONS Rsync accepts both long (double-dash + word) and short (single-dash + letter) options. The full list of the available options are described below. If an option can be specified in more than one way, the choices are comma-separated. Some options only have a long variant, not a short. If the option takes a parameter, the parameter is only listed after the long variant, even though it must also be specified for the short. When specifying a parameter, you can either use the form --option=param or replace the '=' with whitespace. The parameter may need to be quoted in some manner for it to survive the shell's command-line parsing. Keep in mind that a leading tilde (~) in a filename is substituted by your shell, so --option=~/foo will not change the tilde into your home directory (remove the '=' for that). --help, -h () Print a short help page describing the options available in rsync and exit. () The -h short option will only invoke --help when used without other options since it normally means --human-readable. --version, -V Print the rsync version plus other info and exit. The output includes the default list of checksum algorithms, the default list of compression algorithms, a list of compiled-in capabilities, a link to the rsync web site, and some license/copyright info. --verbose, -v This option increases the amount of information you are given during the transfer. By default, rsync works silently. A single -v will give you information about what files are being transferred and a brief summary at the end. Two -v options will give you information on what files are being skipped and slightly more information at the end. More than two -v options should only be used if you are debugging rsync. In a modern rsync, the -v option is equivalent to the setting of groups of --info and --debug options. You can choose to use these newer options in addition to, or in place of using --verbose, as any fine-grained settings override the implied settings of -v. Both --info and --debug have a way to ask for help that tells you exactly what flags are set for each increase in verbosity. However, do keep in mind that a daemon's "max verbosity" setting will limit how high of a level the various individual flags can be set on the daemon side. For instance, if the max is 2, then any info and/or debug flag that is set to a higher value than what would be set by -vv will be downgraded to the -vv level in the daemon's logging. --info=FLAGS This option lets you have fine-grained control over the information output you want to see. An individual flag name may be followed by a level number, with 0 meaning to silence that output, 1 being the default output level, and higher numbers increasing the output of that flag (for those that support higher levels). Use --info=help to see all the available flag names, what they output, and what flag names are added for each increase in the verbose level. Some examples: rsync -a --info=progress2 src/ dest/ rsync -avv --info=stats2,misc1,flist0 src/ dest/ Note that --info=name's output is affected by the --out-format and --itemize-changes (-i) options. See those options for more information on what is output and when. This option was added to 3.1.0, so an older rsync on the server side might reject your attempts at fine-grained control (if one or more flags needed to be send to the server and the server was too old to understand them). See also the "max verbosity" caveat above when dealing with a daemon. --debug=FLAGS This option lets you have fine-grained control over the debug output you want to see. An individual flag name may be followed by a level number, with 0 meaning to silence that output, 1 being the default output level, and higher numbers increasing the output of that flag (for those that support higher levels). Use --debug=help to see all the available flag names, what they output, and what flag names are added for each increase in the verbose level. Some examples: rsync -avvv --debug=none src/ dest/ rsync -avA --del --debug=del2,acl src/ dest/ Note that some debug messages will only be output when --stderr=all is specified, especially those pertaining to I/O and buffer debugging. Beginning in 3.2.0, this option is no longer auto-forwarded to the server side in order to allow you to specify different debug values for each side of the transfer, as well as to specify a new debug option that is only present in one of the rsync versions. If you want to duplicate the same option on both sides, using brace expansion is an easy way to save you some typing. This works in zsh and bash: rsync -aiv {-M,}--debug=del2 src/ dest/ --stderr=errors\|all\|client This option controls which processes output to stderr and if info messages are also changed to stderr. The mode strings can be abbreviated, so feel free to use a single letter value. The 3 possible choices are: errors -⁠ (the default) causes all the rsync processes to send an error directly to stderr, even if the process is on the remote side of the transfer. Info messages are sent to the client side via the protocol stream. If stderr is not available (i.e. when directly connecting with a daemon via a socket) errors fall back to being sent via the protocol stream. all -⁠ causes all rsync messages (info and error) to get written directly to stderr from all (possible) processes. This causes stderr to become line-buffered (instead of raw) and eliminates the ability to divide up the info and error messages by file handle. For those doing debugging or using several levels of verbosity, this option can help to avoid clogging up the transfer stream (which should prevent any chance of a deadlock bug hanging things up). It also allows --debug to enable some extra I/O related messages. client -⁠ causes all rsync messages to be sent to the client side via the protocol stream. One client process outputs all messages, with errors on stderr and info messages on stdout. This was the default in older rsync versions, but can cause error delays when a lot of transfer data is ahead of the messages. If you're pushing files to an older rsync, you may want to use --stderr=all since that idiom has been around for several releases. This option was added in rsync 3.2.3. This version also began the forwarding of a non-default setting to the remote side, though rsync uses the backward-compatible options --msgs2stderr and --no-msgs2stderr to represent the all and client settings, respectively. A newer rsync will continue to accept these older option names to maintain compatibility. --quiet, -q This option decreases the amount of information you are given during the transfer, notably suppressing information messages from the remote server. This option is useful when invoking rsync from cron. --no-motd This option affects the information that is output by the client at the start of a daemon transfer. This suppresses the message-of-the-day (MOTD) text, but it also affects the list of modules that the daemon sends in response to the "rsync host::" request (due to a limitation in the rsync protocol), so omit this option if you want to request the list of modules from the daemon. --ignore-times, -I Normally rsync will skip any files that are already the same size and have the same modification timestamp. This option turns off this "quick check" behavior, causing all files to be updated. This option can be a little confusing compared to --ignore-existing and --ignore-non-existing in that that they cause rsync to transfer fewer files, while this option causes rsync to transfer more files. --size-only This modifies rsync's "quick check" algorithm for finding files that need to be transferred, changing it from the default of transferring files with either a changed size or a changed last-modified time to just looking for files that have changed in size. This is useful when starting to use rsync after using another mirroring system which may not preserve timestamps exactly. --modify-window=NUM, -@ When comparing two timestamps, rsync treats the timestamps as being equal if they differ by no more than the modify-window value. The default is 0, which matches just integer seconds. If you specify a negative value (and the receiver is at least version 3.1.3) then nanoseconds will also be taken into account. Specifying 1 is useful for copies to/from MS Windows FAT filesystems, because FAT represents times with a 2-second resolution (allowing times to differ from the original by up to 1 second). If you want all your transfers to default to comparing nanoseconds, you can create a ~/.popt file and put these lines in it: rsync alias -a -a@-1 rsync alias -t -t@-1 With that as the default, you'd need to specify --modify-window=0 (aka -@0) to override it and ignore nanoseconds, e.g. if you're copying between ext3 and ext4, or if the receiving rsync is older than 3.1.3. --checksum, -c This changes the way rsync checks if the files have been changed and are in need of a transfer. Without this option, rsync uses a "quick check" that (by default) checks if each file's size and time of last modification match between the sender and receiver. This option changes this to compare a 128-bit checksum for each file that has a matching size. Generating the checksums means that both sides will expend a lot of disk I/O reading all the data in the files in the transfer, so this can slow things down significantly (and this is prior to any reading that will be done to transfer changed files) The sending side generates its checksums while it is doing the file-system scan that builds the list of the available files. The receiver generates its checksums when it is scanning for changed files, and will checksum any file that has the same size as the corresponding sender's file: files with either a changed size or a changed checksum are selected for transfer. Note that rsync always verifies that each transferred file was correctly reconstructed on the receiving side by checking a whole-file checksum that is generated as the file is transferred, but that automatic after-the-transfer verification has nothing to do with this option's before-the-transfer "Does this file need to be updated?" check. The checksum used is auto-negotiated between the client and the server, but can be overridden using either the --checksum-choice (--cc) option or an environment variable that is discussed in that option's section. --archive, -a This is equivalent to -rlptgoD. It is a quick way of saying you want recursion and want to preserve almost everything. Be aware that it does not include preserving ACLs (-A), xattrs (-X), atimes (-U), crtimes (-N), nor the finding and preserving of hardlinks (-H). The only exception to the above equivalence is when --files-from is specified, in which case -r is not implied. --no-OPTION You may turn off one or more implied options by prefixing the option name with "no-". Not all options may be prefixed with a "no-": only options that are implied by other options (e.g. --no-D, --no-perms) or have different defaults in various circumstances (e.g. --no-whole-file, --no-blocking-io, --no-dirs). You may specify either the short or the long option name after the "no-" prefix (e.g. --no-R is the same as --no-relative). For example: if you want to use -a (--archive) but don't want -o (--owner), instead of converting -a into -rlptgD, you could specify -a --no-o (or -a --no-owner). The order of the options is important: if you specify --no-r -a, the -r option would end up being turned on, the opposite of -a --no-r. Note also that the side-effects of the --files-from option are NOT positional, as it affects the default state of several options and slightly changes the meaning of -a (see the --files-from option for more details). --recursive, -r This tells rsync to copy directories recursively. See also --dirs (-d). Beginning with rsync 3.0.0, the recursive algorithm used is now an incremental scan that uses much less memory than before and begins the transfer after the scanning of the first few directories have been completed. This incremental scan only affects our recursion algorithm, and does not change a non-recursive transfer. It is also only possible when both ends of the transfer are at least version 3.0.0. Some options require rsync to know the full file list, so these options disable the incremental recursion mode. These include: --delete-before, --delete-after, --prune-empty-dirs, and --delay-updates. Because of this, the default delete mode when you specify --delete is now --delete-during when both ends of the connection are at least 3.0.0 (use --del or --delete-during to request this improved deletion mode explicitly). See also the --delete-delay option that is a better choice than using --delete-after. Incremental recursion can be disabled using the --no-inc-recursive option or its shorter --no-i-r alias. --relative, -R Use relative paths. This means that the full path names specified on the command line are sent to the server rather than just the last parts of the filenames. This is particularly useful when you want to send several different directories at the same time. For example, if you used this command: rsync -av /foo/bar/baz.c remote:/tmp/ would create a file named baz.c in /tmp/ on the remote machine. If instead you used rsync -avR /foo/bar/baz.c remote:/tmp/ then a file named /tmp/foo/bar/baz.c would be created on the remote machine, preserving its full path. These extra path elements are called "implied directories" (i.e. the "foo" and the "foo/bar" directories in the above example). Beginning with rsync 3.0.0, rsync always sends these implied directories as real directories in the file list, even if a path element is really a symlink on the sending side. This prevents some really unexpected behaviors when copying the full path of a file that you didn't realize had a symlink in its path. If you want to duplicate a server-side symlink, include both the symlink via its path, and referent directory via its real path. If you're dealing with an older rsync on the sending side, you may need to use the --no-implied-dirs option. It is also possible to limit the amount of path information that is sent as implied directories for each path you specify. With a modern rsync on the sending side (beginning with 2.6.7), you can insert a dot and a slash into the source path, like this: rsync -avR /foo/./bar/baz.c remote:/tmp/ That would create /tmp/bar/baz.c on the remote machine. (Note that the dot must be followed by a slash, so "/foo/." would not be abbreviated.) For older rsync versions, you would need to use a chdir to limit the source path. For example, when pushing files: (cd /foo; rsync -avR bar/baz.c remote:/tmp/) (Note that the parens put the two commands into a sub-shell, so that the "cd" command doesn't remain in effect for future commands.) If you're pulling files from an older rsync, use this idiom (but only for a non-daemon transfer): rsync -avR --rsync-path="cd /foo; rsync" \ remote:bar/baz.c /tmp/ --no-implied-dirs This option affects the default behavior of the --relative option. When it is specified, the attributes of the implied directories from the source names are not included in the transfer. This means that the corresponding path elements on the destination system are left unchanged if they exist, and any missing implied directories are created with default attributes. This even allows these implied path elements to have big differences, such as being a symlink to a directory on the receiving side. For instance, if a command-line arg or a files-from entry told rsync to transfer the file "path/foo/file", the directories "path" and "path/foo" are implied when --relative is used. If "path/foo" is a symlink to "bar" on the destination system, the receiving rsync would ordinarily delete "path/foo", recreate it as a directory, and receive the file into the new directory. With --no-implied-dirs, the receiving rsync updates "path/foo/file" using the existing path elements, which means that the file ends up being created in "path/bar". Another way to accomplish this link preservation is to use the --keep-dirlinks option (which will also affect symlinks to directories in the rest of the transfer). When pulling files from an rsync older than 3.0.0, you may need to use this option if the sending side has a symlink in the path you request and you wish the implied directories to be transferred as normal directories. --backup, -b With this option, preexisting destination files are renamed as each file is transferred or deleted. You can control where the backup file goes and what (if any) suffix gets appended using the --backup-dir and --suffix options. Note that if you don't specify --backup-dir, (1) the --omit-dir-times option will be forced on, and (2) if --delete is also in effect (without --delete-excluded), rsync will add a "protect" filter-rule for the backup suffix to the end of all your existing excludes (e.g. -f "P ~"). This will prevent previously backed-up files from being deleted. Note that if you are supplying your own filter rules, you may need to manually insert your own exclude/protect rule somewhere higher up in the list so that it has a high enough priority to be effective (e.g., if your rules specify a trailing inclusion/exclusion of , the auto-added rule would never be reached). --backup-dir=DIR This implies the --backup option, and tells rsync to store all backups in the specified directory on the receiving side. This can be used for incremental backups. You can additionally specify a backup suffix using the --suffix option (otherwise the files backed up in the specified directory will keep their original filenames). Note that if you specify a relative path, the backup directory will be relative to the destination directory, so you probably want to specify either an absolute path or a path that starts with "../". If an rsync daemon is the receiver, the backup dir cannot go outside the module's path hierarchy, so take extra care not to delete it or copy into it. --suffix=SUFFIX This option allows you to override the default backup suffix used with the --backup (-b) option. The default suffix is a ~ if no --backup-dir was specified, otherwise it is an empty string. --update, -u This forces rsync to skip any files which exist on the destination and have a modified time that is newer than the source file. (If an existing destination file has a modification time equal to the source file's, it will be updated if the sizes are different.) Note that this does not affect the copying of dirs, symlinks, or other special files. Also, a difference of file format between the sender and receiver is always considered to be important enough for an update, no matter what date is on the objects. In other words, if the source has a directory where the destination has a file, the transfer would occur regardless of the timestamps. This option is a transfer rule, not an exclude, so it doesn't affect the data that goes into the file-lists, and thus it doesn't affect deletions. It just limits the files that the receiver requests to be transferred. --inplace This option changes how rsync transfers a file when its data needs to be updated: instead of the default method of creating a new copy of the file and moving it into place when it is complete, rsync instead writes the updated data directly to the destination file. This has several effects: Hard links are not broken. This means the new data will be visible through other hard links to the destination file. Moreover, attempts to copy differing source files onto a multiply-linked destination file will result in a "tug of war" with the destination data changing back and forth. In-use binaries cannot be updated (either the OS will prevent this from happening, or binaries that attempt to swap-in their data will misbehave or crash). The file's data will be in an inconsistent state during the transfer and will be left that way if the transfer is interrupted or if an update fails. A file that rsync cannot write to cannot be updated. While a super user can update any file, a normal user needs to be granted write permission for the open of the file for writing to be successful. The efficiency of rsync's delta-transfer algorithm may be reduced if some data in the destination file is overwritten before it can be copied to a position later in the file. This does not apply if you use --backup, since rsync is smart enough to use the backup file as the basis file for the transfer. WARNING: you should not use this option to update files that are being accessed by others, so be careful when choosing to use this for a copy. This option is useful for transferring large files with block-based changes or appended data, and also on systems that are disk bound, not network bound. It can also help keep a copy-on-write filesystem snapshot from diverging the entire contents of a file that only has minor changes. The option implies --partial (since an interrupted transfer does not delete the file), but conflicts with --partial-dir and --delay-updates. Prior to rsync 2.6.4 --inplace was also incompatible with --compare-dest and --link-dest. --append This special copy mode only works to efficiently update files that are known to be growing larger where any existing content on the receiving side is also known to be the same as the content on the sender. The use of --append can be dangerous if you aren't 100% sure that all the files in the transfer are shared, growing files. You should thus use filter rules to ensure that you weed out any files that do not fit this criteria. Rsync updates these growing file in-place without verifying any of the existing content in the file (it only verifies the content that it is appending). Rsync skips any files that exist on the receiving side that are not shorter than the associated file on the sending side (which means that new files are transferred). It also skips any files whose size on the sending side gets shorter during the send negotiations (rsync warns about a "diminished" file when this happens). This does not interfere with the updating of a file's non-content attributes (e.g. permissions, ownership, etc.) when the file does not need to be transferred, nor does it affect the updating of any directories or non-regular files. --append-verify This special copy mode works like --append except that all the data in the file is included in the checksum verification (making it much less efficient but also potentially safer). This option can be dangerous if you aren't 100% sure that all the files in the transfer are shared, growing files. See the --append option for more details. Note: prior to rsync 3.0.0, the --append option worked like --append-verify, so if you are interacting with an older rsync (or the transfer is using a protocol prior to 30), specifying either append option will initiate an --append-verify transfer. --dirs, -d Tell the sending side to include any directories that are encountered. Unlike --recursive, a directory's contents are not copied unless the directory name specified is "." or ends with a trailing slash (e.g. ".", "dir/.", "dir/", etc.). Without this option or the --recursive option, rsync will skip all directories it encounters (and output a message to that effect for each one). If you specify both --dirs and --recursive, --recursive takes precedence. The --dirs option is implied by the --files-from option or the --list-only option (including an implied --list-only usage) if --recursive wasn't specified (so that directories are seen in the listing). Specify --no-dirs (or --no-d) if you want to turn this off. There is also a backward-compatibility helper option, --old-dirs (or --old-d) that tells rsync to use a hack of -r --exclude='//' to get an older rsync to list a single directory without recursing. --mkpath Create a missing path component of the destination arg. This allows rsync to create multiple levels of missing destination dirs and to create a path in which to put a single renamed file. Keep in mind that you'll need to supply a trailing slash if you want the entire destination path to be treated as a directory when copying a single arg (making rsync behave the same way that it would if the path component of the destination had already existed). For example, the following creates a copy of file foo as bar in the sub/dir directory, creating dirs "sub" and "sub/dir" if either do not yet exist: rsync -ai --mkpath foo sub/dir/bar If you instead ran the following, it would have created file foo in the sub/dir/bar directory: rsync -ai --mkpath foo sub/dir/bar/ --links, -l When symlinks are encountered, recreate the symlink on the destination. By default, rsync generates a "non-regular file" warning for each symlink encountered when this option is not set. You can silence the warning by specifying --info=nonreg0. --copy-links, -L When symlinks are encountered, the item that they point to (the referent) is copied, rather than the symlink. In older versions of rsync, this option also had the side-effect of telling the receiving side to follow symlinks, such as symlinks to directories. In a modern rsync such as this one, you'll need to specify --keep-dirlinks (-K) to get this extra behavior. The only exception is when sending files to an rsync that is too old to understand -K -⁠-⁠ in that case, the -L option will still have the side-effect of -K on that older receiving rsync. --copy-unsafe-links This tells rsync to copy the referent of symbolic links that point outside the copied tree. Absolute symlinks are also treated like ordinary files, and so are any symlinks in the source path itself when --relative is used. This option has no additional effect if --copy-links was also specified. Note that the cut-off point is the top of the transfer, which is the part of the path that rsync isn't mentioning in the verbose output. If you copy "/src/subdir" to "/dest/" then the "subdir" directory is a name inside the transfer tree, not the top of the transfer (which is /src) so it is legal for created relative symlinks to refer to other names inside the /src and /dest directories. If you instead copy "/src/subdir/" (with a trailing slash) to "/dest/subdir" that would not allow symlinks to any files outside of "subdir". --safe-links This tells rsync to ignore any symbolic links which point outside the copied tree. All absolute symlinks are also ignored. Using this option in conjunction with --relative may give unexpected results. --munge-links This option tells rsync to (1) modify all symlinks on the receiving side in a way that makes them unusable but recoverable (see below), or (2) to unmunge symlinks on the sending side that had been stored in a munged state. This is useful if you don't quite trust the source of the data to not try to slip in a symlink to a unexpected place. The way rsync disables the use of symlinks is to prefix each one with the string "/rsyncd-munged/". This prevents the links from being used as long as that directory does not exist. When this option is enabled, rsync will refuse to run if that path is a directory or a symlink to a directory. The option only affects the client side of the transfer, so if you need it to affect the server, specify it via --remote-option. (Note that in a local transfer, the client side is the sender.) This option has no affect on a daemon, since the daemon configures whether it wants munged symlinks via its "munge symlinks" parameter. See also the "munge-symlinks" perl script in the support directory of the source code. --copy-dirlinks, -k This option causes the sending side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory. This is useful if you don't want symlinks to non-directories to be affected, as they would be using --copy-links. Without this option, if the sending side has replaced a directory with a symlink to a directory, the receiving side will delete anything that is in the way of the new symlink, including a directory hierarchy (as long as --force or --delete is in effect). See also --keep-dirlinks for an analogous option for the receiving side. --copy-dirlinks applies to all symlinks to directories in the source. If you want to follow only a few specified symlinks, a trick you can use is to pass them as additional source args with a trailing slash, using --relative to make the paths match up right. For example: rsync -r --relative src/./ src/./follow-me/ dest/ This works because rsync calls lstat(2) on the source arg as given, and the trailing slash makes lstat(2) follow the symlink, giving rise to a directory in the file-list which overrides the symlink found during the scan of "src/./". --keep-dirlinks, -K This option causes the receiving side to treat a symlink to a directory as though it were a real directory, but only if it matches a real directory from the sender. Without this option, the receiver's symlink would be deleted and replaced with a real directory. For example, suppose you transfer a directory "foo" that contains a file "file", but "foo" is a symlink to directory "bar" on the receiver. Without --keep-dirlinks, the receiver deletes symlink "foo", recreates it as a directory, and receives the file into the new directory. With --keep-dirlinks, the receiver keeps the symlink and "file" ends up in "bar". One note of caution: if you use --keep-dirlinks, you must trust all the symlinks in the copy! If it is possible for an untrusted user to create their own symlink to any directory, the user could then (on a subsequent copy) replace the symlink with a real directory and affect the content of whatever directory the symlink references. For backup copies, you are better off using something like a bind mount instead of a symlink to modify your receiving hierarchy. See also --copy-dirlinks for an analogous option for the sending side. --hard-links, -H This tells rsync to look for hard-linked files in the source and link together the corresponding files on the destination. Without this option, hard-linked files in the source are treated as though they were separate files. This option does NOT necessarily ensure that the pattern of hard links on the destination exactly matches that on the source. Cases in which the destination may end up with extra hard links include the following: If the destination contains extraneous hard-links (more linking than what is present in the source file list), the copying algorithm will not break them explicitly. However, if one or more of the paths have content differences, the normal file-update process will break those extra links (unless you are using the --inplace option). If you specify a --link-dest directory that contains hard links, the linking of the destination files against the --link-dest files can cause some paths in the destination to become linked together due to the --link-dest associations. Note that rsync can only detect hard links between files that are inside the transfer set. If rsync updates a file that has extra hard-link connections to files outside the transfer, that linkage will be broken. If you are tempted to use the --inplace option to avoid this breakage, be very careful that you know how your files are being updated so that you are certain that no unintended changes happen due to lingering hard links (and see the --inplace option for more caveats). If incremental recursion is active (see --recursive), rsync may transfer a missing hard-linked file before it finds that another link for that contents exists elsewhere in the hierarchy. This does not affect the accuracy of the transfer (i.e. which files are hard-linked together), just its efficiency (i.e. copying the data for a new, early copy of a hard-linked file that could have been found later in the transfer in another member of the hard-linked set of files). One way to avoid this inefficiency is to disable incremental recursion using the --no-inc-recursive option. --perms, -p This option causes the receiving rsync to set the destination permissions to be the same as the source permissions. (See also the --chmod option for a way to modify what rsync considers to be the source permissions.) When this option is off, permissions are set as follows: Existing files (including updated files) retain their existing permissions, though the --executability option might change just the execute permission for the file. New files get their "normal" permission bits set to the source file's permissions masked with the receiving directory's default permissions (either the receiving process's umask, or the permissions specified via the destination directory's default ACL), and their special permission bits disabled except in the case where a new directory inherits a setgid bit from its parent directory. Thus, when --perms and --executability are both disabled, rsync's behavior is the same as that of other file-copy utilities, such as cp(1) and tar(1). In summary: to give destination files (both old and new) the source permissions, use --perms. To give new files the destination-default permissions (while leaving existing files unchanged), make sure that the --perms option is off and use --chmod=ugo=rwX (which ensures that all non-masked bits get enabled). If you'd care to make this latter behavior easier to type, you could define a popt alias for it, such as putting this line in the file ~/.popt (the following defines the -Z option, and includes --no-g to use the default group of the destination dir): rsync alias -Z --no-p --no-g --chmod=ugo=rwX You could then use this new option in a command such as this one: rsync -avZ src/ dest/ (Caveat: make sure that -a does not follow -Z, or it will re-enable the two --no-* options mentioned above.) The preservation of the destination's setgid bit on newly-created directories when --perms is off was added in rsync 2.6.7. Older rsync versions erroneously preserved the three special permission bits for newly-created files when --perms was off, while overriding the destination's setgid bit setting on a newly-created directory. Default ACL observance was added to the ACL patch for rsync 2.6.7, so older (or non-ACL-enabled) rsyncs use the umask even if default ACLs are present. (Keep in mind that it is the version of the receiving rsync that affects these behaviors.) --executability, -E This option causes rsync to preserve the executability (or non-executability) of regular files when --perms is not enabled. A regular file is considered to be executable if at least one 'x' is turned on in its permissions. When an existing destination file's executability differs from that of the corresponding source file, rsync modifies the destination file's permissions as follows: To make a file non-executable, rsync turns off all its 'x' permissions. To make a file executable, rsync turns on each 'x' permission that has a corresponding 'r' permission enabled. If --perms is enabled, this option is ignored. --acls, -A This option causes rsync to update the destination ACLs to be the same as the source ACLs. The option also implies --perms. The source and destination systems must have compatible ACL entries for this option to work properly. See the --fake-super option for a way to backup and restore ACLs that are not compatible. --xattrs, -X This option causes rsync to update the destination extended attributes to be the same as the source ones. For systems that support extended-attribute namespaces, a copy being done by a super-user copies all namespaces except system.. A normal user only copies the user. namespace. To be able to backup and restore non-user namespaces as a normal user, see the --fake-super option. The above name filtering can be overridden by using one or more filter options with the x modifier. When you specify an xattr-affecting filter rule, rsync requires that you do your own system/user filtering, as well as any additional filtering for what xattr names are copied and what names are allowed to be deleted. For example, to skip the system namespace, you could specify: --filter='-x system.' To skip all namespaces except the user namespace, you could specify a negated-user match: --filter='-x! user.' To prevent any attributes from being deleted, you could specify a receiver-only rule that excludes all names: --filter='-xr ' Note that the -X option does not copy rsync's special xattr values (e.g. those used by --fake-super) unless you repeat the option (e.g. -XX). This "copy all xattrs" mode cannot be used with --fake-super. --chmod=CHMOD This option tells rsync to apply one or more comma-separated "chmod" modes to the permission of the files in the transfer. The resulting value is treated as though it were the permissions that the sending side supplied for the file, which means that this option can seem to have no effect on existing files if --perms is not enabled. In addition to the normal parsing rules specified in the chmod(1) manpage, you can specify an item that should only apply to a directory by prefixing it with a 'D', or specify an item that should only apply to a file by prefixing it with a 'F'. For example, the following will ensure that all directories get marked set-gid, that no files are other-writable, that both are user-writable and group-writable, and that both have consistent executability across all bits: --chmod=Dg+s,ug+w,Fo-w,+X Using octal mode numbers is also allowed: --chmod=D2775,F664 It is also legal to specify multiple --chmod options, as each additional option is just appended to the list of changes to make. See the --perms and --executability options for how the resulting permission value can be applied to the files in the transfer. --owner, -o This option causes rsync to set the owner of the destination file to be the same as the source file, but only if the receiving rsync is being run as the super-user (see also the --super and --fake-super options). Without this option, the owner of new and/or transferred files are set to the invoking user on the receiving side. The preservation of ownership will associate matching names by default, but may fall back to using the ID number in some circumstances (see also the --numeric-ids option for a full discussion). --group, -g This option causes rsync to set the group of the destination file to be the same as the source file. If the receiving program is not running as the super-user (or if --no-super was specified), only groups that the invoking user on the receiving side is a member of will be preserved. Without this option, the group is set to the default group of the invoking user on the receiving side. The preservation of group information will associate matching names by default, but may fall back to using the ID number in some circumstances (see also the --numeric-ids option for a full discussion). --devices This option causes rsync to transfer character and block device files to the remote system to recreate these devices. If the receiving rsync is not being run as the super-user, rsync silently skips creating the device files (see also the --super and --fake-super options). By default, rsync generates a "non-regular file" warning for each device file encountered when this option is not set. You can silence the warning by specifying --info=nonreg0. --specials This option causes rsync to transfer special files, such as named sockets and fifos. If the receiving rsync is not being run as the super-user, rsync silently skips creating the special files (see also the --super and --fake-super options). By default, rsync generates a "non-regular file" warning for each special file encountered when this option is not set. You can silence the warning by specifying --info=nonreg0. -D The -D option is equivalent to --devices --specials. --write-devices This tells rsync to treat a device on the receiving side as a regular file, allowing the writing of file data into a device. This option implies the --inplace option. Be careful using this, as you should know what devices are present on the receiving side of the transfer, especially if running rsync as root. This option is refused by an rsync daemon. --times, -t This tells rsync to transfer modification times along with the files and update them on the remote system. Note that if this option is not used, the optimization that excludes files that have not been modified cannot be effective; in other words, a missing -t or -a will cause the next transfer to behave as if it used -I, causing all files to be updated (though rsync's delta-transfer algorithm will make the update fairly efficient if the files haven't actually changed, you're much better off using -t). --atimes, -U This tells rsync to set the access (use) times of the destination files to the same value as the source files. If repeated, it also sets the --open-noatime option, which can help you to make the sending and receiving systems have the same access times on the transferred files without needing to run rsync an extra time after a file is transferred. Note that some older rsync versions (prior to 3.2.0) may have been built with a pre-release --atimes patch that does not imply --open-noatime when this option is repeated. --open-noatime This tells rsync to open files with the O_NOATIME flag (on systems that support it) to avoid changing the access time of the files that are being transferred. If your OS does not support the O_NOATIME flag then rsync will silently ignore this option. Note also that some filesystems are mounted to avoid updating the atime on read access even without the O_NOATIME flag being set. --crtimes, -N, This tells rsync to set the create times (newness) of the destination files to the same value as the source files. --omit-dir-times, -O This tells rsync to omit directories when it is preserving modification, access, and create times. If NFS is sharing the directories on the receiving side, it is a good idea to use -O. This option is inferred if you use --backup without --backup-dir. This option also has the side-effect of avoiding early creation of directories in incremental recursion copies. The default --inc-recursive copying normally does an early-create pass of all the sub-directories in a parent directory in order for it to be able to then set the modify time of the parent directory right away (without having to delay that until a bunch of recursive copying has finished). This early-create idiom is not necessary if directory modify times are not being preserved, so it is skipped. Since early-create directories don't have accurate mode, mtime, or ownership, the use of this option can help when someone wants to avoid these partially-finished directories. --omit-link-times, -J This tells rsync to omit symlinks when it is preserving modification, access, and create times. --super This tells the receiving side to attempt super-user activities even if the receiving rsync wasn't run by the super-user. These activities include: preserving users via the --owner option, preserving all groups (not just the current user's groups) via the --group option, and copying devices via the --devices option. This is useful for systems that allow such activities without being the super-user, and also for ensuring that you will get errors if the receiving side isn't being run as the super-user. To turn off super-user activities, the super-user can use --no-super. --fake-super When this option is enabled, rsync simulates super-user activities by saving/restoring the privileged attributes via special extended attributes that are attached to each file (as needed). This includes the file's owner and group (if it is not the default), the file's device info (device & special files are created as empty text files), and any permission bits that we won't allow to be set on the real file (e.g. the real file gets u-s,g-s,o-t for safety) or that would limit the owner's access (since the real super-user can always access/change a file, the files we create can always be accessed/changed by the creating user). This option also handles ACLs (if --acls was specified) and non-user extended attributes (if --xattrs was specified). This is a good way to backup data without using a super-user, and to store ACLs from incompatible systems. The --fake-super option only affects the side where the option is used. To affect the remote side of a remote-shell connection, use the --remote-option (-M) option: rsync -av -M--fake-super /src/ host:/dest/ For a local copy, this option affects both the source and the destination. If you wish a local copy to enable this option just for the destination files, specify -M--fake-super. If you wish a local copy to enable this option just for the source files, combine --fake-super with -M--super. This option is overridden by both --super and --no-super. See also the "fake super" setting in the daemon's rsyncd.conf file. --sparse, -S Try to handle sparse files efficiently so they take up less space on the destination. If combined with --inplace the file created might not end up with sparse blocks with some combinations of kernel version and/or filesystem type. If --whole-file is in effect (e.g. for a local copy) then it will always work because rsync truncates the file prior to writing out the updated version. Note that versions of rsync older than 3.1.3 will reject the combination of --sparse and --inplace. --preallocate This tells the receiver to allocate each destination file to its eventual size before writing data to the file. Rsync will only use the real filesystem-level preallocation support provided by Linux's fallocate(2) system call or Cygwin's posix_fallocate(3), not the slow glibc implementation that writes a null byte into each block. Without this option, larger files may not be entirely contiguous on the filesystem, but with this option rsync will probably copy more slowly. If the destination is not an extent-supporting filesystem (such as ext4, xfs, NTFS, etc.), this option may have no positive effect at all. If combined with --sparse, the file will only have sparse blocks (as opposed to allocated sequences of null bytes) if the kernel version and filesystem type support creating holes in the allocated data. --dry-run, -n This makes rsync perform a trial run that doesn't make any changes (and produces mostly the same output as a real run). It is most commonly used in combination with the --verbose, -v and/or --itemize-changes, -i options to see what an rsync command is going to do before one actually runs it. The output of --itemize-changes is supposed to be exactly the same on a dry run and a subsequent real run (barring intentional trickery and system call failures); if it isn't, that's a bug. Other output should be mostly unchanged, but may differ in some areas. Notably, a dry run does not send the actual data for file transfers, so --progress has no effect, the "bytes sent", "bytes received", "literal data", and "matched data" statistics are too small, and the "speedup" value is equivalent to a run where no file transfers were needed. --whole-file, -W This option disables rsync's delta-transfer algorithm, which causes all transferred files to be sent whole. The transfer may be faster if this option is used when the bandwidth between the source and destination machines is higher than the bandwidth to disk (especially when the "disk" is actually a networked filesystem). This is the default when both the source and destination are specified as local paths, but only if no batch-writing option is in effect. --checksum-choice=STR, --cc=STR This option overrides the checksum algorithms. If one algorithm name is specified, it is used for both the transfer checksums and (assuming --checksum is specified) the pre-transfer checksums. If two comma-separated names are supplied, the first name affects the transfer checksums, and the second name affects the pre-transfer checksums (-c). The checksum options that you may be able to use are: auto (the default automatic choice) xxh128 xxh3 xxh64 (aka xxhash) md5 md4 none Run rsync --version to see the default checksum list compiled into your version (which may differ from the list above). If "none" is specified for the first (or only) name, the --whole-file option is forced on and no checksum verification is performed on the transferred data. If "none" is specified for the second (or only) name, the --checksum option cannot be used. The "auto" option is the default, where rsync bases its algorithm choice on a negotiation between the client and the server as follows: When both sides of the transfer are at least 3.2.0, rsync chooses the first algorithm in the client's list of choices that is also in the server's list of choices. If no common checksum choice is found, rsync exits with an error. If the remote rsync is too old to support checksum negotiation, a value is chosen based on the protocol version (which chooses between MD5 and various flavors of MD4 based on protocol age). The default order can be customized by setting the environment variable RSYNC_CHECKSUM_LIST to a space-separated list of acceptable checksum names. If the string contains a "&" character, it is separated into the "client string & server string", otherwise the same string applies to both. If the string (or string portion) contains no non-whitespace characters, the default checksum list is used. This method does not allow you to specify the transfer checksum separately from the pre-transfer checksum, and it discards "auto" and all unknown checksum names. A list with only invalid names results in a failed negotiation. The use of the --checksum-choice option overrides this environment list. --one-file-system, -x This tells rsync to avoid crossing a filesystem boundary when recursing. This does not limit the user's ability to specify items to copy from multiple filesystems, just rsync's recursion through the hierarchy of each directory that the user specified, and also the analogous recursion on the receiving side during deletion. Also keep in mind that rsync treats a "bind" mount to the same device as being on the same filesystem. If this option is repeated, rsync omits all mount-point directories from the copy. Otherwise, it includes an empty directory at each mount-point it encounters (using the attributes of the mounted directory because those of the underlying mount-point directory are inaccessible). If rsync has been told to collapse symlinks (via --copy-links or --copy-unsafe-links), a symlink to a directory on another device is treated like a mount-point. Symlinks to non-directories are unaffected by this option. --existing, --ignore-non-existing This tells rsync to skip creating files (including directories) that do not exist yet on the destination. If this option is combined with the --ignore-existing option, no files will be updated (which can be useful if all you want to do is delete extraneous files). This option is a transfer rule, not an exclude, so it doesn't affect the data that goes into the file-lists, and thus it doesn't affect deletions. It just limits the files that the receiver requests to be transferred. --ignore-existing This tells rsync to skip updating files that already exist on the destination (this does not ignore existing directories, or nothing would get done). See also --existing. This option is a transfer rule, not an exclude, so it doesn't affect the data that goes into the file-lists, and thus it doesn't affect deletions. It just limits the files that the receiver requests to be transferred. This option can be useful for those doing backups using the --link-dest option when they need to continue a backup run that got interrupted. Since a --link-dest run is copied into a new directory hierarchy (when it is used properly), using --ignore-existing will ensure that the already-handled files don't get tweaked (which avoids a change in permissions on the hard-linked files). This does mean that this option is only looking at the existing files in the destination hierarchy itself. When --info=skip2 is used rsync will output "FILENAME exists (INFO)" messages where the INFO indicates one of "type change", "sum change" (requires -c), "file change" (based on the quick check), "attr change", or "uptodate". Using --info=skip1 (which is also implied by -vv) outputs the exists message without the INFO suffix. --remove-source-files This tells rsync to remove from the sending side the files (meaning non-directories) that are a part of the transfer and have been successfully duplicated on the receiving side. Note that you should only use this option on source files that are quiescent. If you are using this to move files that show up in a particular directory over to another host, make sure that the finished files get renamed into the source directory, not directly written into it, so that rsync can't possibly transfer a file that is not yet fully written. If you can't first write the files into a different directory, you should use a naming idiom that lets rsync avoid transferring files that are not yet finished (e.g. name the file "foo.new" when it is written, rename it to "foo" when it is done, and then use the option --exclude='.new' for the rsync transfer). Starting with 3.1.0, rsync will skip the sender-side removal (and output an error) if the file's size or modify time has not stayed unchanged. --delete This tells rsync to delete extraneous files from the receiving side (ones that aren't on the sending side), but only for the directories that are being synchronized. You must have asked rsync to send the whole directory (e.g. "dir" or "dir/") without using a wildcard for the directory's contents (e.g. "dir/") since the wildcard is expanded by the shell and rsync thus gets a request to transfer individual files, not the files' parent directory. Files that are excluded from the transfer are also excluded from being deleted unless you use the --delete-excluded option or mark the rules as only matching on the sending side (see the include/exclude modifiers in the FILTER RULES section). Prior to rsync 2.6.7, this option would have no effect unless --recursive was enabled. Beginning with 2.6.7, deletions will also occur when --dirs (-d) is enabled, but only for directories whose contents are being copied. This option can be dangerous if used incorrectly! It is a very good idea to first try a run using the --dry-run option (-n) to see what files are going to be deleted. If the sending side detects any I/O errors, then the deletion of any files at the destination will be automatically disabled. This is to prevent temporary filesystem failures (such as NFS errors) on the sending side from causing a massive deletion of files on the destination. You can override this with the --ignore-errors option. The --delete option may be combined with one of the -⁠-⁠delete-WHEN options without conflict, as well as --delete-excluded. However, if none of the --delete-WHEN options are specified, rsync will choose the --delete-during algorithm when talking to rsync 3.0.0 or newer, and the --delete-before algorithm when talking to an older rsync. See also --delete-delay and --delete-after. --delete-before Request that the file-deletions on the receiving side be done before the transfer starts. See --delete (which is implied) for more details on file-deletion. Deleting before the transfer is helpful if the filesystem is tight for space and removing extraneous files would help to make the transfer possible. However, it does introduce a delay before the start of the transfer, and this delay might cause the transfer to timeout (if --timeout was specified). It also forces rsync to use the old, non-incremental recursion algorithm that requires rsync to scan all the files in the transfer into memory at once (see --recursive). --delete-during, --del Request that the file-deletions on the receiving side be done incrementally as the transfer happens. The per-directory delete scan is done right before each directory is checked for updates, so it behaves like a more efficient --delete-before, including doing the deletions prior to any per-directory filter files being updated. This option was first added in rsync version 2.6.4. See --delete (which is implied) for more details on file-deletion. --delete-delay Request that the file-deletions on the receiving side be computed during the transfer (like --delete-during), and then removed after the transfer completes. This is useful when combined with --delay-updates and/or --fuzzy, and is more efficient than using --delete-after (but can behave differently, since --delete-after computes the deletions in a separate pass after all updates are done). If the number of removed files overflows an internal buffer, a temporary file will be created on the receiving side to hold the names (it is removed while open, so you shouldn't see it during the transfer). If the creation of the temporary file fails, rsync will try to fall back to using --delete-after (which it cannot do if --recursive is doing an incremental scan). See --delete (which is implied) for more details on file-deletion. --delete-after Request that the file-deletions on the receiving side be done after the transfer has completed. This is useful if you are sending new per-directory merge files as a part of the transfer and you want their exclusions to take effect for the delete phase of the current transfer. It also forces rsync to use the old, non-incremental recursion algorithm that requires rsync to scan all the files in the transfer into memory at once (see --recursive). See --delete (which is implied) for more details on file-deletion. --delete-excluded In addition to deleting the files on the receiving side that are not on the sending side, this tells rsync to also delete any files on the receiving side that are excluded (see --exclude). See the FILTER RULES section for a way to make individual exclusions behave this way on the receiver, and for a way to protect files from --delete-excluded. See --delete (which is implied) for more details on file-deletion. --ignore-missing-args When rsync is first processing the explicitly requested source files (e.g. command-line arguments or --files-from entries), it is normally an error if the file cannot be found. This option suppresses that error, and does not try to transfer the file. This does not affect subsequent vanished-file errors if a file was initially found to be present and later is no longer there. --delete-missing-args This option takes the behavior of (the implied) --ignore-missing-args option a step farther: each missing arg will become a deletion request of the corresponding destination file on the receiving side (should it exist). If the destination file is a non-empty directory, it will only be successfully deleted if --force or --delete are in effect. Other than that, this option is independent of any other type of delete processing. The missing source files are represented by special file-list entries which display as a "missing" entry in the --list-only output. --ignore-errors Tells --delete to go ahead and delete files even when there are I/O errors. --force This option tells rsync to delete a non-empty directory when it is to be replaced by a non-directory. This is only relevant if deletions are not active (see --delete for details). Note for older rsync versions: --force used to still be required when using --delete-after, and it used to be non-functional unless the --recursive option was also enabled. --max-delete=NUM This tells rsync not to delete more than NUM files or directories. If that limit is exceeded, all further deletions are skipped through the end of the transfer. At the end, rsync outputs a warning (including a count of the skipped deletions) and exits with an error code of 25 (unless some more important error condition also occurred). Beginning with version 3.0.0, you may specify --max-delete=0 to be warned about any extraneous files in the destination without removing any of them. Older clients interpreted this as "unlimited", so if you don't know what version the client is, you can use the less obvious --max-delete=-1 as a backward-compatible way to specify that no deletions be allowed (though really old versions didn't warn when the limit was exceeded). --max-size=SIZE This tells rsync to avoid transferring any file that is larger than the specified SIZE. A numeric value can be suffixed with a string to indicate the numeric units or left unqualified to specify bytes. Feel free to use a fractional value along with the units, such as --max-size=1.5m. This option is a transfer rule, not an exclude, so it doesn't affect the data that goes into the file-lists, and thus it doesn't affect deletions. It just limits the files that the receiver requests to be transferred. The first letter of a units string can be B (bytes), K (kilo), M (mega), G (giga), T (tera), or P (peta). If the string is a single char or has "ib" added to it (e.g. "G" or "GiB") then the units are multiples of 1024. If you use a two-letter suffix that ends with a "B" (e.g. "kb") then you get units that are multiples of 1000. The string's letters can be any mix of upper and lower-case that you want to use. Finally, if the string ends with either "+1" or "-⁠1", it is offset by one byte in the indicated direction. The largest possible value is usually 8192P-1. Examples: --max-size=1.5mb-1 is 1499999 bytes, and --max-size=2g+1 is 2147483649 bytes. Note that rsync versions prior to 3.1.0 did not allow --max-size=0. --min-size=SIZE This tells rsync to avoid transferring any file that is smaller than the specified SIZE, which can help in not transferring small, junk files. See the --max-size option for a description of SIZE and other information. Note that rsync versions prior to 3.1.0 did not allow --min-size=0. --max-alloc=SIZE By default rsync limits an individual malloc/realloc to about 1GB in size. For most people this limit works just fine and prevents a protocol error causing rsync to request massive amounts of memory. However, if you have many millions of files in a transfer, a large amount of server memory, and you don't want to split up your transfer into multiple parts, you can increase the per-allocation limit to something larger and rsync will consume more memory. Keep in mind that this is not a limit on the total size of allocated memory. It is a sanity-check value for each individual allocation. See the --max-size option for a description of how SIZE can be specified. The default suffix if none is given is bytes. Beginning in 3.2.3, a value of 0 specifies no limit. You can set a default value using the environment variable RSYNC_MAX_ALLOC using the same SIZE values as supported by this option. If the remote rsync doesn't understand the --max-alloc option, you can override an environmental value by specifying --max-alloc=1g, which will make rsync avoid sending the option to the remote side (because "1G" is the default). --block-size=SIZE, -B This forces the block size used in rsync's delta-transfer algorithm to a fixed value. It is normally selected based on the size of each file being updated. See the technical report for details. Beginning in 3.2.3 the SIZE can be specified with a suffix as detailed in the --max-size option. Older versions only accepted a byte count. --rsh=COMMAND, -e This option allows you to choose an alternative remote shell program to use for communication between the local and remote copies of rsync. Typically, rsync is configured to use ssh by default, but you may prefer to use rsh on a local network. If this option is used with [user@]host::module/path, then the remote shell COMMAND will be used to run an rsync daemon on the remote host, and all data will be transmitted through that remote shell connection, rather than through a direct socket connection to a running rsync daemon on the remote host. See the section "USING RSYNC-DAEMON FEATURES VIA A REMOTE-SHELL CONNECTION" above. Beginning with rsync 3.2.0, the RSYNC_PORT environment variable will be set when a daemon connection is being made via a remote-shell connection. It is set to 0 if the default daemon port is being assumed, or it is set to the value of the rsync port that was specified via either the --port option or a non-empty port value in an rsync:// URL. This allows the script to discern if a non-default port is being requested, allowing for things such as an SSL or stunnel helper script to connect to a default or alternate port. Command-line arguments are permitted in COMMAND provided that COMMAND is presented to rsync as a single argument. You must use spaces (not tabs or other whitespace) to separate the command and args from each other, and you can use single- and/or double-quotes to preserve spaces in an argument (but not backslashes). Note that doubling a single-quote inside a single-quoted string gives you a single-quote; likewise for double-quotes (though you need to pay attention to which quotes your shell is parsing and which quotes rsync is parsing). Some examples: -e 'ssh -p 2234' -e 'ssh -o "ProxyCommand nohup ssh firewall nc -w1 %h %p"' (Note that ssh users can alternately customize site-specific connect options in their .ssh/config file.) You can also choose the remote shell program using the RSYNC_RSH environment variable, which accepts the same range of values as -e. See also the --blocking-io option which is affected by this option. --rsync-path=PROGRAM Use this to specify what program is to be run on the remote machine to start-up rsync. Often used when rsync is not in the default remote-shell's path (e.g. --rsync-path=/usr/local/bin/rsync). Note that PROGRAM is run with the help of a shell, so it can be any program, script, or command sequence you'd care to run, so long as it does not corrupt the standard-in & standard-out that rsync is using to communicate. One tricky example is to set a different default directory on the remote machine for use with the --relative option. For instance: rsync -avR --rsync-path="cd /a/b && rsync" host:c/d /e/ --remote-option=OPTION, -M This option is used for more advanced situations where you want certain effects to be limited to one side of the transfer only. For instance, if you want to pass --log-file=FILE and --fake-super to the remote system, specify it like this: rsync -av -M --log-file=foo -M--fake-super src/ dest/ If you want to have an option affect only the local side of a transfer when it normally affects both sides, send its negation to the remote side. Like this: rsync -av -x -M--no-x src/ dest/ Be cautious using this, as it is possible to toggle an option that will cause rsync to have a different idea about what data to expect next over the socket, and that will make it fail in a cryptic fashion. Note that it is best to use a separate --remote-option for each option you want to pass. This makes your usage compatible with the --protect-args option. If that option is off, any spaces in your remote options will be split by the remote shell unless you take steps to protect them. When performing a local transfer, the "local" side is the sender and the "remote" side is the receiver. Note some versions of the popt option-parsing library have a bug in them that prevents you from using an adjacent arg with an equal in it next to a short option letter (e.g. -M--log-file=/tmp/foo). If this bug affects your version of popt, you can use the version of popt that is included with rsync. --cvs-exclude, -C This is a useful shorthand for excluding a broad range of files that you often don't want to transfer between systems. It uses a similar algorithm to CVS to determine if a file should be ignored. The exclude list is initialized to exclude the following items (these initial items are marked as perishable -⁠-⁠ see the FILTER RULES section): RCS SCCS CVS CVS.adm RCSLOG cvslog.* tags TAGS .make.state .nse_depinfo ~ # .#* ,* _$* $ .old .bak .BAK .orig .rej .del-* .a .olb .o .obj .so .exe .Z .elc .ln core .svn/ .git/ .hg/ .bzr/ then, files listed in a $HOME/.cvsignore are added to the list and any files listed in the CVSIGNORE environment variable (all cvsignore names are delimited by whitespace). Finally, any file is ignored if it is in the same directory as a .cvsignore file and matches one of the patterns listed therein. Unlike rsync's filter/exclude files, these patterns are split on whitespace. See the cvs(1) manual for more information. If you're combining -C with your own --filter rules, you should note that these CVS excludes are appended at the end of your own rules, regardless of where the -C was placed on the command-line. This makes them a lower priority than any rules you specified explicitly. If you want to control where these CVS excludes get inserted into your filter rules, you should omit the -C as a command-line option and use a combination of --filter=:C and --filter=-C (either on your command-line or by putting the ":C" and "-⁠C" rules into a filter file with your other rules). The first option turns on the per-directory scanning for the .cvsignore file. The second option does a one-time import of the CVS excludes mentioned above. --filter=RULE, -f This option allows you to add rules to selectively exclude certain files from the list of files to be transferred. This is most useful in combination with a recursive transfer. You may use as many --filter options on the command line as you like to build up the list of files to exclude. If the filter contains whitespace, be sure to quote it so that the shell gives the rule to rsync as a single argument. The text below also mentions that you can use an underscore to replace the space that separates a rule from its arg. See the FILTER RULES section for detailed information on this option. -F The -F option is a shorthand for adding two --filter rules to your command. The first time it is used is a shorthand for this rule: --filter='dir-merge /.rsync-filter' This tells rsync to look for per-directory .rsync-filter files that have been sprinkled through the hierarchy and use their rules to filter the files in the transfer. If -F is repeated, it is a shorthand for this rule: --filter='exclude .rsync-filter' This filters out the .rsync-filter files themselves from the transfer. See the FILTER RULES section for detailed information on how these options work. --exclude=PATTERN This option is a simplified form of the --filter option that defaults to an exclude rule and does not allow the full rule-parsing syntax of normal filter rules. See the FILTER RULES section for detailed information on this option. --exclude-from=FILE This option is related to the --exclude option, but it specifies a FILE that contains exclude patterns (one per line). Blank lines in the file are ignored, as are whole-line comments that start with ';' or '#' (filename rules that contain those characters are unaffected). If FILE is '-', the list will be read from standard input. --include=PATTERN This option is a simplified form of the --filter option that defaults to an include rule and does not allow the full rule-parsing syntax of normal filter rules. See the FILTER RULES section for detailed information on this option. --include-from=FILE This option is related to the --include option, but it specifies a FILE that contains include patterns (one per line). Blank lines in the file are ignored, as are whole-line comments that start with ';' or '#' (filename rules that contain those characters are unaffected). If FILE is '-', the list will be read from standard input. --files-from=FILE Using this option allows you to specify the exact list of files to transfer (as read from the specified FILE or '-' for standard input). It also tweaks the default behavior of rsync to make transferring just the specified files and directories easier: The --relative (-R) option is implied, which preserves the path information that is specified for each item in the file (use --no-relative or --no-R if you want to turn that off). The --dirs (-d) option is implied, which will create directories specified in the list on the destination rather than noisily skipping them (use --no-dirs or --no-d if you want to turn that off). The --archive (-a) option's behavior does not imply --recursive (-r), so specify it explicitly, if you want it. These side-effects change the default state of rsync, so the position of the --files-from option on the command-line has no bearing on how other options are parsed (e.g. -a works the same before or after --files-from, as does --no-R and all other options). The filenames that are read from the FILE are all relative to the source dir -⁠-⁠ any leading slashes are removed and no ".." references are allowed to go higher than the source dir. For example, take this command: rsync -a --files-from=/tmp/foo /usr remote:/backup If /tmp/foo contains the string "bin" (or even "/bin"), the /usr/bin directory will be created as /backup/bin on the remote host. If it contains "bin/" (note the trailing slash), the immediate contents of the directory would also be sent (without needing to be explicitly mentioned in the file -⁠-⁠ this began in version 2.6.4). In both cases, if the -r option was enabled, that dir's entire hierarchy would also be transferred (keep in mind that -r needs to be specified explicitly with --files-from, since it is not implied by -a). Also note that the effect of the (enabled by default) --relative option is to duplicate only the path info that is read from the file -⁠-⁠ it does not force the duplication of the source-spec path (/usr in this case). In addition, the --files-from file can be read from the remote host instead of the local host if you specify a "host:" in front of the file (the host must match one end of the transfer). As a short-cut, you can specify just a prefix of ":" to mean "use the remote end of the transfer". For example: rsync -a --files-from=:/path/file-list src:/ /tmp/copy This would copy all the files specified in the /path/file-list file that was located on the remote "src" host. If the --iconv and --protect-args options are specified and the --files-from filenames are being sent from one host to another, the filenames will be translated from the sending host's charset to the receiving host's charset. NOTE: sorting the list of files in the --files-from input helps rsync to be more efficient, as it will avoid re-visiting the path elements that are shared between adjacent entries. If the input is not sorted, some path elements (implied directories) may end up being scanned multiple times, and rsync will eventually unduplicate them after they get turned into file-list elements. --from0, -0 This tells rsync that the rules/filenames it reads from a file are terminated by a null ('\0') character, not a NL, CR, or CR+LF. This affects --exclude-from, --include-from, --files-from, and any merged files specified in a --filter rule. It does not affect --cvs-exclude (since all names read from a .cvsignore file are split on whitespace). --protect-args, -s This option sends all filenames and most options to the remote rsync without allowing the remote shell to interpret them. This means that spaces are not split in names, and any non-wildcard special characters are not translated (such as ~, $, ;, &, etc.). Wildcards are expanded on the remote host by rsync (instead of the shell doing it). If you use this option with --iconv, the args related to the remote side will also be translated from the local to the remote character-set. The translation happens before wild-cards are expanded. See also the --files-from option. You may also control this option via the RSYNC_PROTECT_ARGS environment variable. If this variable has a non-zero value, this option will be enabled by default, otherwise it will be disabled by default. Either state is overridden by a manually specified positive or negative version of this option (note that --no-s and --no-protect-args are the negative versions). Since this option was first introduced in 3.0.0, you'll need to make sure it's disabled if you ever need to interact with a remote rsync that is older than that. Rsync can also be configured (at build time) to have this option enabled by default (with is overridden by both the environment and the command-line). Run rsync --version to check if this is the case, as it will display "default protect-args" or "optional protect-args" depending on how it was compiled. This option will eventually become a new default setting at some as-yet-undetermined point in the future. --copy-as=USER[:GROUP] This option instructs rsync to use the USER and (if specified after a colon) the GROUP for the copy operations. This only works if the user that is running rsync has the ability to change users. If the group is not specified then the user's default groups are used. This option can help to reduce the risk of an rsync being run as root into or out of a directory that might have live changes happening to it and you want to make sure that root-level read or write actions of system files are not possible. While you could alternatively run all of rsync as the specified user, sometimes you need the root-level host-access credentials to be used, so this allows rsync to drop root for the copying part of the operation after the remote-shell or daemon connection is established. The option only affects one side of the transfer unless the transfer is local, in which case it affects both sides. Use the --remote-option to affect the remote side, such as -M--copy-as=joe. For a local transfer, the lsh (or lsh.sh) support file provides a local-shell helper script that can be used to allow a "localhost:" or "lh:" host-spec to be specified without needing to setup any remote shells, allowing you to specify remote options that affect the side of the transfer that is using the host-spec (and using hostname "lh" avoids the overriding of the remote directory to the user's home dir). For example, the following rsync writes the local files as user "joe": sudo rsync -aiv --copy-as=joe host1:backups/joe/ /home/joe/ This makes all files owned by user "joe", limits the groups to those that are available to that user, and makes it impossible for the joe user to do a timed exploit of the path to induce a change to a file that the joe user has no permissions to change. The following command does a local copy into the "dest/" dir as user "joe" (assuming you've installed support/lsh into a dir on your $PATH): sudo rsync -aive lsh -M--copy-as=joe src/ lh:dest/ --temp-dir=DIR, -T This option instructs rsync to use DIR as a scratch directory when creating temporary copies of the files transferred on the receiving side. The default behavior is to create each temporary file in the same directory as the associated destination file. Beginning with rsync 3.1.1, the temp-file names inside the specified DIR will not be prefixed with an extra dot (though they will still have a random suffix added). This option is most often used when the receiving disk partition does not have enough free space to hold a copy of the largest file in the transfer. In this case (i.e. when the scratch directory is on a different disk partition), rsync will not be able to rename each received temporary file over the top of the associated destination file, but instead must copy it into place. Rsync does this by copying the file over the top of the destination file, which means that the destination file will contain truncated data during this copy. If this were not done this way (even if the destination file were first removed, the data locally copied to a temporary file in the destination directory, and then renamed into place) it would be possible for the old file to continue taking up disk space (if someone had it open), and thus there might not be enough room to fit the new version on the disk at the same time. If you are using this option for reasons other than a shortage of disk space, you may wish to combine it with the --delay-updates option, which will ensure that all copied files get put into subdirectories in the destination hierarchy, awaiting the end of the transfer. If you don't have enough room to duplicate all the arriving files on the destination partition, another way to tell rsync that you aren't overly concerned about disk space is to use the --partial-dir option with a relative path; because this tells rsync that it is OK to stash off a copy of a single file in a subdir in the destination hierarchy, rsync will use the partial-dir as a staging area to bring over the copied file, and then rename it into place from there. (Specifying a --partial-dir with an absolute path does not have this side-effect.) --fuzzy, -y This option tells rsync that it should look for a basis file for any destination file that is missing. The current algorithm looks in the same directory as the destination file for either a file that has an identical size and modified-time, or a similarly-named file. If found, rsync uses the fuzzy basis file to try to speed up the transfer. If the option is repeated, the fuzzy scan will also be done in any matching alternate destination directories that are specified via --compare-dest, --copy-dest, or --link-dest. Note that the use of the --delete option might get rid of any potential fuzzy-match files, so either use --delete-after or specify some filename exclusions if you need to prevent this. --compare-dest=DIR This option instructs rsync to use DIR on the destination machine as an additional hierarchy to compare destination files against doing transfers (if the files are missing in the destination directory). If a file is found in DIR that is identical to the sender's file, the file will NOT be transferred to the destination directory. This is useful for creating a sparse backup of just files that have changed from an earlier backup. This option is typically used to copy into an empty (or newly created) directory. Beginning in version 2.6.4, multiple --compare-dest directories may be provided, which will cause rsync to search the list in the order specified for an exact match. If a match is found that differs only in attributes, a local copy is made and the attributes updated. If a match is not found, a basis file from one of the DIRs will be selected to try to speed up the transfer. If DIR is a relative path, it is relative to the destination directory. See also --copy-dest and --link-dest. NOTE: beginning with version 3.1.0, rsync will remove a file from a non-empty destination hierarchy if an exact match is found in one of the compare-dest hierarchies (making the end result more closely match a fresh copy). --copy-dest=DIR This option behaves like --compare-dest, but rsync will also copy unchanged files found in DIR to the destination directory using a local copy. This is useful for doing transfers to a new destination while leaving existing files intact, and then doing a flash-cutover when all files have been successfully transferred. Multiple --copy-dest directories may be provided, which will cause rsync to search the list in the order specified for an unchanged file. If a match is not found, a basis file from one of the DIRs will be selected to try to speed up the transfer. If DIR is a relative path, it is relative to the destination directory. See also --compare-dest and --link-dest. --link-dest=DIR This option behaves like --copy-dest, but unchanged files are hard linked from DIR to the destination directory. The files must be identical in all preserved attributes (e.g. permissions, possibly ownership) in order for the files to be linked together. An example: rsync -av --link-dest=$PWD/prior_dir host:src_dir/ new_dir/ If files aren't linking, double-check their attributes. Also check if some attributes are getting forced outside of rsync's control, such a mount option that squishes root to a single user, or mounts a removable drive with generic ownership (such as OS X's "Ignore ownership on this volume" option). Beginning in version 2.6.4, multiple --link-dest directories may be provided, which will cause rsync to search the list in the order specified for an exact match (there is a limit of 20 such directories). If a match is found that differs only in attributes, a local copy is made and the attributes updated. If a match is not found, a basis file from one of the DIRs will be selected to try to speed up the transfer. This option works best when copying into an empty destination hierarchy, as existing files may get their attributes tweaked, and that can affect alternate destination files via hard-links. Also, itemizing of changes can get a bit muddled. Note that prior to version 3.1.0, an alternate-directory exact match would never be found (nor linked into the destination) when a destination file already exists. Note that if you combine this option with --ignore-times, rsync will not link any files together because it only links identical files together as a substitute for transferring the file, never as an additional check after the file is updated. If DIR is a relative path, it is relative to the destination directory. See also --compare-dest and --copy-dest. Note that rsync versions prior to 2.6.1 had a bug that could prevent --link-dest from working properly for a non-super-user when -o was specified (or implied by -a). You can work-around this bug by avoiding the -o option when sending to an old rsync. --compress, -z With this option, rsync compresses the file data as it is sent to the destination machine, which reduces the amount of data being transmitted -⁠-⁠ something that is useful over a slow connection. Rsync supports multiple compression methods and will choose one for you unless you force the choice using the --compress-choice (--zc) option. Run rsync --version to see the default compress list compiled into your version. When both sides of the transfer are at least 3.2.0, rsync chooses the first algorithm in the client's list of choices that is also in the server's list of choices. If no common compress choice is found, rsync exits with an error. If the remote rsync is too old to support checksum negotiation, its list is assumed to be "zlib". The default order can be customized by setting the environment variable RSYNC_COMPRESS_LIST to a space-separated list of acceptable compression names. If the string contains a "&" character, it is separated into the "client string & server string", otherwise the same string applies to both. If the string (or string portion) contains no non-whitespace characters, the default compress list is used. Any unknown compression names are discarded from the list, but a list with only invalid names results in a failed negotiation. There are some older rsync versions that were configured to reject a -z option and require the use of -zz because their compression library was not compatible with the default zlib compression method. You can usually ignore this weirdness unless the rsync server complains and tells you to specify -zz. See also the --skip-compress option for the default list of file suffixes that will be transferred with no (or minimal) compression. --compress-choice=STR, --zc=STR This option can be used to override the automatic negotiation of the compression algorithm that occurs when --compress is used. The option implies --compress unless "none" was specified, which instead implies --no-compress. The compression options that you may be able to use are: zstd lz4 zlibx zlib none Run rsync --version to see the default compress list compiled into your version (which may differ from the list above). Note that if you see an error about an option named --old-compress or --new-compress, this is rsync trying to send the --compress-choice=zlib or --compress-choice=zlibx option in a backward-compatible manner that more rsync versions understand. This error indicates that the older rsync version on the server will not allow you to force the compression type. Note that the "zlibx" compression algorithm is just the "zlib" algorithm with matched data excluded from the compression stream (to try to make it more compatible with an external zlib implementation). --compress-level=NUM, --zl=NUM Explicitly set the compression level to use (see --compress, -z) instead of letting it default. The --compress option is implied as long as the level chosen is not a "don't compress" level for the compression algorithm that is in effect (e.g. zlib compression treats level 0 as "off"). The level values vary depending on the checksum in effect. Because rsync will negotiate a checksum choice by default (when the remote rsync is new enough), it can be good to combine this option with a --compress-choice (--zc) option unless you're sure of the choice in effect. For example: rsync -aiv --zc=zstd --zl=22 host:src/ dest/ For zlib & zlibx compression the valid values are from 1 to 9 with 6 being the default. Specifying 0 turns compression off, and specifying -⁠1 chooses the default of 6. For zstd compression the valid values are from -⁠131072 to 22 with 3 being the default. Specifying 0 chooses the default of 3. For lz4 compression there are no levels, so the value is always 0. If you specify a too-large or too-small value, the number is silently limited to a valid value. This allows you to specify something like --zl=999999999 and be assured that you'll end up with the maximum compression level no matter what algorithm was chosen. If you want to know the compression level that is in effect, specify --debug=nstr to see the "negotiated string" results. This will report something like "Client compress: zstd (level 3)" (along with the checksum choice in effect). --skip-compress=LIST Override the list of file suffixes that will be compressed as little as possible. Rsync sets the compression level on a per-file basis based on the file's suffix. If the compression algorithm has an "off" level (such as zlib/zlibx) then no compression occurs for those files. Other algorithms that support changing the streaming level on-the-fly will have the level minimized to reduces the CPU usage as much as possible for a matching file. At this time, only zlib & zlibx compression support this changing of levels on a per-file basis. The LIST should be one or more file suffixes (without the dot) separated by slashes (/). You may specify an empty string to indicate that no files should be skipped. Simple character-class matching is supported: each must consist of a list of letters inside the square brackets (e.g. no special classes, such as "[:alpha:]", are supported, and '-⁠' has no special meaning). The characters asterisk () and question-mark (?) have no special meaning. Here's an example that specifies 6 suffixes to skip (since 1 of the 5 rules matches 2 suffixes): --skip-compress=gz/jpg/mp[34]/7z/bz2 The default file suffixes in the skip-compress list in this version of rsync are: 3g2 3gp 7z aac ace apk avi bz2 deb dmg ear f4v flac flv gpg gz iso jar jpeg jpg lrz lz lz4 lzma lzo m1a m1v m2a m2ts m2v m4a m4b m4p m4r m4v mka mkv mov mp1 mp2 mp3 mp4 mpa mpeg mpg mpv mts odb odf odg odi odm odp ods odt oga ogg ogm ogv ogx opus otg oth otp ots ott oxt png qt rar rpm rz rzip spx squashfs sxc sxd sxg sxm sxw sz tbz tbz2 tgz tlz ts txz tzo vob war webm webp xz z zip zst This list will be replaced by your --skip-compress list in all but one situation: a copy from a daemon rsync will add your skipped suffixes to its list of non-compressing files (and its list may be configured to a different default). --numeric-ids With this option rsync will transfer numeric group and user IDs rather than using user and group names and mapping them at both ends. By default rsync will use the username and groupname to determine what ownership to give files. The special uid 0 and the special group 0 are never mapped via user/group names even if the --numeric-ids option is not specified. If a user or group has no name on the source system or it has no match on the destination system, then the numeric ID from the source system is used instead. See also the comments on the "use chroot" setting in the rsyncd.conf manpage for information on how the chroot setting affects rsync's ability to look up the names of the users and groups and what you can do about it. --usermap=STRING, --groupmap=STRING These options allow you to specify users and groups that should be mapped to other values by the receiving side. The STRING is one or more FROM:TO pairs of values separated by commas. Any matching FROM value from the sender is replaced with a TO value from the receiver. You may specify usernames or user IDs for the FROM and TO values, and the FROM value may also be a wild-card string, which will be matched against the sender's names (wild-cards do NOT match against ID numbers, though see below for why a '' matches everything). You may instead specify a range of ID numbers via an inclusive range: LOW-HIGH. For example: --usermap=0-99:nobody,wayne:admin,:normal --groupmap=usr:1,1:usr The first match in the list is the one that is used. You should specify all your user mappings using a single --usermap option, and/or all your group mappings using a single --groupmap option. Note that the sender's name for the 0 user and group are not transmitted to the receiver, so you should either match these values using a 0, or use the names in effect on the receiving side (typically "root"). All other FROM names match those in use on the sending side. All TO names match those in use on the receiving side. Any IDs that do not have a name on the sending side are treated as having an empty name for the purpose of matching. This allows them to be matched via a "" or using an empty name. For instance: --usermap=:nobody --groupmap=:nobody When the --numeric-ids option is used, the sender does not send any names, so all the IDs are treated as having an empty name. This means that you will need to specify numeric FROM values if you want to map these nameless IDs to different values. For the --usermap option to have any effect, the -o (--owner) option must be used (or implied), and the receiver will need to be running as a super-user (see also the --fake-super option). For the --groupmap option to have any effect, the -g (--group) option must be used (or implied), and the receiver will need to have permissions to set that group. The --usermap option implies the --owner option while the --groupmap option implies the --group option. If your shell complains about the wildcards, use --protect-args (-s). --chown=USER:GROUP This option forces all files to be owned by USER with group GROUP. This is a simpler interface than using --usermap and --groupmap directly, but it is implemented using those options internally, so you cannot mix them. If either the USER or GROUP is empty, no mapping for the omitted user/group will occur. If GROUP is empty, the trailing colon may be omitted, but if USER is empty, a leading colon must be supplied. If you specify "--chown=foo:bar", this is exactly the same as specifying "--usermap=:foo --groupmap=:bar", only easier (with the same implied --owner and/or --group option). If your shell complains about the wildcards, use --protect-args (-s). --timeout=SECONDS This option allows you to set a maximum I/O timeout in seconds. If no data is transferred for the specified time then rsync will exit. The default is 0, which means no timeout. --contimeout=SECONDS This option allows you to set the amount of time that rsync will wait for its connection to an rsync daemon to succeed. If the timeout is reached, rsync exits with an error. --address=ADDRESS By default rsync will bind to the wildcard address when connecting to an rsync daemon. The --address option allows you to specify a specific IP address (or hostname) to bind to. See also this option in the --daemon mode section. --port=PORT This specifies an alternate TCP port number to use rather than the default of 873. This is only needed if you are using the double-colon (::) syntax to connect with an rsync daemon (since the URL syntax has a way to specify the port as a part of the URL). See also this option in the --daemon mode section. --sockopts=OPTIONS This option can provide endless fun for people who like to tune their systems to the utmost degree. You can set all sorts of socket options which may make transfers faster (or slower!). Read the man page for the setsockopt() system call for details on some of the options you may be able to set. By default no special socket options are set. This only affects direct socket connections to a remote rsync daemon. This option also exists in the --daemon mode section. --blocking-io This tells rsync to use blocking I/O when launching a remote shell transport. If the remote shell is either rsh or remsh, rsync defaults to using blocking I/O, otherwise it defaults to using non-blocking I/O. (Note that ssh prefers non-blocking I/O.) --outbuf=MODE This sets the output buffering mode. The mode can be None (aka Unbuffered), Line, or Block (aka Full). You may specify as little as a single letter for the mode, and use upper or lower case. The main use of this option is to change Full buffering to Line buffering when rsync's output is going to a file or pipe. --itemize-changes, -i Requests a simple itemized list of the changes that are being made to each file, including attribute changes. This is exactly the same as specifying --out-format='%i %n%L'. If you repeat the option, unchanged files will also be output, but only if the receiving rsync is at least version 2.6.7 (you can use -vv with older versions of rsync, but that also turns on the output of other verbose messages). The "%i" escape has a cryptic output that is 11 letters long. The general format is like the string YXcstpoguax, where Y is replaced by the type of update being done, X is replaced by the file-type, and the other letters represent attributes that may be output if they are being modified. The update types that replace the Y are as follows: A < means that a file is being transferred to the remote host (sent). A > means that a file is being transferred to the local host (received). A c means that a local change/creation is occurring for the item (such as the creation of a directory or the changing of a symlink, etc.). A h means that the item is a hard link to another item (requires --hard-links). A . means that the item is not being updated (though it might have attributes that are being modified). A * means that the rest of the itemized-output area contains a message (e.g. "deleting"). The file-types that replace the X are: f for a file, a d for a directory, an L for a symlink, a D for a device, and a S for a special file (e.g. named sockets and fifos). The other letters in the string indicate if some attributes of the file have changed, as follows: "." -⁠ the attribute is unchanged. "+" -⁠ the file is newly created. " " -⁠ all the attributes are unchanged (all dots turn to spaces). "?" -⁠ the change is unknown (when the remote rsync is old). A letter indicates an attribute is being updated. The attribute that is associated with each letter is as follows: A c means either that a regular file has a different checksum (requires --checksum) or that a symlink, device, or special file has a changed value. Note that if you are sending files to an rsync prior to 3.0.1, this change flag will be present only for checksum-differing regular files. A s means the size of a regular file is different and will be updated by the file transfer. A t means the modification time is different and is being updated to the sender's value (requires --times). An alternate value of T means that the modification time will be set to the transfer time, which happens when a file/symlink/device is updated without --times and when a symlink is changed and the receiver can't set its time. (Note: when using an rsync 3.0.0 client, you might see the s flag combined with t instead of the proper T flag for this time-setting failure.) A p means the permissions are different and are being updated to the sender's value (requires --perms). An o means the owner is different and is being updated to the sender's value (requires --owner and super-user privileges). A g means the group is different and is being updated to the sender's value (requires --group and the authority to set the group). A u\|n\|b indicates the following information: u means the access (use) time is different and is being updated to the sender's value (requires --atimes); n means the create time (newness) is different and is being updated to the sender's value (requires --crtimes); b means that both the access and create times are being updated. The a means that the ACL information is being changed. The x means that the extended attribute information is being changed. One other output is possible: when deleting files, the "%i" will output the string "deleting" for each item that is being removed (assuming that you are talking to a recent enough rsync that it logs deletions instead of outputting them as a verbose message). --out-format=FORMAT This allows you to specify exactly what the rsync client outputs to the user on a per-update basis. The format is a text string containing embedded single-character escape sequences prefixed with a percent (%) character. A default format of "%n%L" is assumed if either --info=name or -v is specified (this tells you just the name of the file and, if the item is a link, where it points). For a full list of the possible escape characters, see the "log format" setting in the rsyncd.conf manpage. Specifying the --out-format option implies the --info=name option, which will mention each file, dir, etc. that gets updated in a significant way (a transferred file, a recreated symlink/device, or a touched directory). In addition, if the itemize-changes escape (%i) is included in the string (e.g. if the --itemize-changes option was used), the logging of names increases to mention any item that is changed in any way (as long as the receiving side is at least 2.6.4). See the --itemize-changes option for a description of the output of "%i". Rsync will output the out-format string prior to a file's transfer unless one of the transfer-statistic escapes is requested, in which case the logging is done at the end of the file's transfer. When this late logging is in effect and --progress is also specified, rsync will also output the name of the file being transferred prior to its progress information (followed, of course, by the out-format output). --log-file=FILE This option causes rsync to log what it is doing to a file. This is similar to the logging that a daemon does, but can be requested for the client side and/or the server side of a non-daemon transfer. If specified as a client option, transfer logging will be enabled with a default format of "%i %n%L". See the --log-file-format option if you wish to override this. Here's a example command that requests the remote side to log what is happening: rsync -av --remote-option=--log-file=/tmp/rlog src/ dest/ This is very useful if you need to debug why a connection is closing unexpectedly. --log-file-format=FORMAT This allows you to specify exactly what per-update logging is put into the file specified by the --log-file option (which must also be specified for this option to have any effect). If you specify an empty string, updated files will not be mentioned in the log file. For a list of the possible escape characters, see the "log format" setting in the rsyncd.conf manpage. The default FORMAT used if --log-file is specified and this option is not is '%i %n%L'. --stats This tells rsync to print a verbose set of statistics on the file transfer, allowing you to tell how effective rsync's delta-transfer algorithm is for your data. This option is equivalent to --info=stats2 if combined with 0 or 1 -v options, or --info=stats3 if combined with 2 or more -v options. The current statistics are as follows: Number of files is the count of all "files" (in the generic sense), which includes directories, symlinks, etc. The total count will be followed by a list of counts by filetype (if the total is non-zero). For example: "(reg: 5, dir: 3, link: 2, dev: 1, special: 1)" lists the totals for regular files, directories, symlinks, devices, and special files. If any of value is 0, it is completely omitted from the list. Number of created files is the count of how many "files" (generic sense) were created (as opposed to updated). The total count will be followed by a list of counts by filetype (if the total is non-zero). Number of deleted files is the count of how many "files" (generic sense) were deleted. The total count will be followed by a list of counts by filetype (if the total is non-zero). Note that this line is only output if deletions are in effect, and only if protocol 31 is being used (the default for rsync 3.1.x). Number of regular files transferred is the count of normal files that were updated via rsync's delta-transfer algorithm, which does not include dirs, symlinks, etc. Note that rsync 3.1.0 added the word "regular" into this heading. Total file size is the total sum of all file sizes in the transfer. This does not count any size for directories or special files, but does include the size of symlinks. Total transferred file size is the total sum of all files sizes for just the transferred files. Literal data is how much unmatched file-update data we had to send to the receiver for it to recreate the updated files. Matched data is how much data the receiver got locally when recreating the updated files. File list size is how big the file-list data was when the sender sent it to the receiver. This is smaller than the in-memory size for the file list due to some compressing of duplicated data when rsync sends the list. File list generation time is the number of seconds that the sender spent creating the file list. This requires a modern rsync on the sending side for this to be present. File list transfer time is the number of seconds that the sender spent sending the file list to the receiver. Total bytes sent is the count of all the bytes that rsync sent from the client side to the server side. Total bytes received is the count of all non-message bytes that rsync received by the client side from the server side. "Non-message" bytes means that we don't count the bytes for a verbose message that the server sent to us, which makes the stats more consistent. --8-bit-output, -8 This tells rsync to leave all high-bit characters unescaped in the output instead of trying to test them to see if they're valid in the current locale and escaping the invalid ones. All control characters (but never tabs) are always escaped, regardless of this option's setting. The escape idiom that started in 2.6.7 is to output a literal backslash (\) and a hash (#), followed by exactly 3 octal digits. For example, a newline would output as "\#012". A literal backslash that is in a filename is not escaped unless it is followed by a hash and 3 digits (0-9). --human-readable, -h Output numbers in a more human-readable format. There are 3 possible levels: (1) output numbers with a separator between each set of 3 digits (either a comma or a period, depending on if the decimal point is represented by a period or a comma); (2) output numbers in units of 1000 (with a character suffix for larger units -⁠-⁠ see below); (3) output numbers in units of 1024. The default is human-readable level 1. Each -h option increases the level by one. You can take the level down to 0 (to output numbers as pure digits) by specifying the --no-human-readable (--no-h) option. The unit letters that are appended in levels 2 and 3 are: K (kilo), M (mega), G (giga), T (tera), or P (peta). For example, a 1234567-byte file would output as 1.23M in level-2 (assuming that a period is your local decimal point). Backward compatibility note: versions of rsync prior to 3.1.0 do not support human-readable level 1, and they default to level 0. Thus, specifying one or two -h options will behave in a comparable manner in old and new versions as long as you didn't specify a --no-h option prior to one or more -h options. See the --list-only option for one difference. --partial By default, rsync will delete any partially transferred file if the transfer is interrupted. In some circumstances it is more desirable to keep partially transferred files. Using the --partial option tells rsync to keep the partial file which should make a subsequent transfer of the rest of the file much faster. --partial-dir=DIR A better way to keep partial files than the --partial option is to specify a DIR that will be used to hold the partial data (instead of writing it out to the destination file). On the next transfer, rsync will use a file found in this dir as data to speed up the resumption of the transfer and then delete it after it has served its purpose. Note that if --whole-file is specified (or implied), any partial-dir file that is found for a file that is being updated will simply be removed (since rsync is sending files without using rsync's delta-transfer algorithm). Rsync will create the DIR if it is missing (just the last dir -⁠-⁠ not the whole path). This makes it easy to use a relative path (such as "--partial-dir=.rsync-partial") to have rsync create the partial-directory in the destination file's directory when needed, and then remove it again when the partial file is deleted. Note that the directory is only removed if it is a relative pathname, as it is expected that an absolute path is to a directory that is reserved for partial-dir work. If the partial-dir value is not an absolute path, rsync will add an exclude rule at the end of all your existing excludes. This will prevent the sending of any partial-dir files that may exist on the sending side, and will also prevent the untimely deletion of partial-dir items on the receiving side. An example: the above --partial-dir option would add the equivalent of "-f '-p .rsync-partial/'" at the end of any other filter rules. If you are supplying your own exclude rules, you may need to add your own exclude/hide/protect rule for the partial-dir because (1) the auto-added rule may be ineffective at the end of your other rules, or (2) you may wish to override rsync's exclude choice. For instance, if you want to make rsync clean-up any left-over partial-dirs that may be lying around, you should specify --delete-after and add a "risk" filter rule, e.g. -f 'R .rsync-partial/'. (Avoid using --delete-before or --delete-during unless you don't need rsync to use any of the left-over partial-dir data during the current run.) IMPORTANT: the --partial-dir should not be writable by other users or it is a security risk. E.g. AVOID "/tmp". You can also set the partial-dir value the RSYNC_PARTIAL_DIR environment variable. Setting this in the environment does not force --partial to be enabled, but rather it affects where partial files go when --partial is specified. For instance, instead of using --partial-dir=.rsync-tmp along with --progress, you could set RSYNC_PARTIAL_DIR=.rsync-tmp in your environment and then just use the -P option to turn on the use of the .rsync-tmp dir for partial transfers. The only times that the --partial option does not look for this environment value are (1) when --inplace was specified (since --inplace conflicts with --partial-dir), and (2) when --delay-updates was specified (see below). When a modern rsync resumes the transfer of a file in the partial-dir, that partial file is now updated in-place instead of creating yet another tmp-file copy (so it maxes out at dest + tmp instead of dest + partial + tmp). This requires both ends of the transfer to be at least version 3.2.0. For the purposes of the daemon-config's "refuse options" setting, --partial-dir does not imply --partial. This is so that a refusal of the --partial option can be used to disallow the overwriting of destination files with a partial transfer, while still allowing the safer idiom provided by --partial-dir. --delay-updates This option puts the temporary file from each updated file into a holding directory until the end of the transfer, at which time all the files are renamed into place in rapid succession. This attempts to make the updating of the files a little more atomic. By default the files are placed into a directory named .~tmp~ in each file's destination directory, but if you've specified the --partial-dir option, that directory will be used instead. See the comments in the --partial-dir section for a discussion of how this .~tmp~ dir will be excluded from the transfer, and what you can do if you want rsync to cleanup old .~tmp~ dirs that might be lying around. Conflicts with --inplace and --append. This option implies --no-inc-recursive since it needs the full file list in memory in order to be able to iterate over it at the end. This option uses more memory on the receiving side (one bit per file transferred) and also requires enough free disk space on the receiving side to hold an additional copy of all the updated files. Note also that you should not use an absolute path to --partial-dir unless (1) there is no chance of any of the files in the transfer having the same name (since all the updated files will be put into a single directory if the path is absolute) and (2) there are no mount points in the hierarchy (since the delayed updates will fail if they can't be renamed into place). See also the "atomic-rsync" perl script in the "support" subdir for an update algorithm that is even more atomic (it uses --link-dest and a parallel hierarchy of files). --prune-empty-dirs, -m This option tells the receiving rsync to get rid of empty directories from the file-list, including nested directories that have no non-directory children. This is useful for avoiding the creation of a bunch of useless directories when the sending rsync is recursively scanning a hierarchy of files using include/exclude/filter rules. Note that the use of transfer rules, such as the --min-size option, does not affect what goes into the file list, and thus does not leave directories empty, even if none of the files in a directory match the transfer rule. Because the file-list is actually being pruned, this option also affects what directories get deleted when a delete is active. However, keep in mind that excluded files and directories can prevent existing items from being deleted due to an exclude both hiding source files and protecting destination files. See the perishable filter-rule option for how to avoid this. You can prevent the pruning of certain empty directories from the file-list by using a global "protect" filter. For instance, this option would ensure that the directory "emptydir" was kept in the file-list: --filter 'protect emptydir/' Here's an example that copies all .pdf files in a hierarchy, only creating the necessary destination directories to hold the .pdf files, and ensures that any superfluous files and directories in the destination are removed (note the hide filter of non-directories being used instead of an exclude): rsync -avm --del --include='.pdf' -f 'hide,! /' src/ dest If you didn't want to remove superfluous destination files, the more time-honored options of --include='/' --exclude='' would work fine in place of the hide-filter (if that is more natural to you). --progress This option tells rsync to print information showing the progress of the transfer. This gives a bored user something to watch. With a modern rsync this is the same as specifying --info=flist2,name,progress, but any user-supplied settings for those info flags takes precedence (e.g. "--info=flist0 --progress"). While rsync is transferring a regular file, it updates a progress line that looks like this: 782448 63% 110.64kB/s 0:00:04 In this example, the receiver has reconstructed 782448 bytes or 63% of the sender's file, which is being reconstructed at a rate of 110.64 kilobytes per second, and the transfer will finish in 4 seconds if the current rate is maintained until the end. These statistics can be misleading if rsync's delta-transfer algorithm is in use. For example, if the sender's file consists of the basis file followed by additional data, the reported rate will probably drop dramatically when the receiver gets to the literal data, and the transfer will probably take much longer to finish than the receiver estimated as it was finishing the matched part of the file. When the file transfer finishes, rsync replaces the progress line with a summary line that looks like this: 1,238,099 100% 146.38kB/s 0:00:08 (xfr#5, to-chk=169/396) In this example, the file was 1,238,099 bytes long in total, the average rate of transfer for the whole file was 146.38 kilobytes per second over the 8 seconds that it took to complete, it was the 5th transfer of a regular file during the current rsync session, and there are 169 more files for the receiver to check (to see if they are up-to-date or not) remaining out of the 396 total files in the file-list. In an incremental recursion scan, rsync won't know the total number of files in the file-list until it reaches the ends of the scan, but since it starts to transfer files during the scan, it will display a line with the text "ir-chk" (for incremental recursion check) instead of "to-chk" until the point that it knows the full size of the list, at which point it will switch to using "to-chk". Thus, seeing "ir-chk" lets you know that the total count of files in the file list is still going to increase (and each time it does, the count of files left to check will increase by the number of the files added to the list). -P The -P option is equivalent to --partial --progress. Its purpose is to make it much easier to specify these two options for a long transfer that may be interrupted. There is also a --info=progress2 option that outputs statistics based on the whole transfer, rather than individual files. Use this flag without outputting a filename (e.g. avoid -v or specify --info=name0) if you want to see how the transfer is doing without scrolling the screen with a lot of names. (You don't need to specify the --progress option in order to use --info=progress2.) Finally, you can get an instant progress report by sending rsync a signal of either SIGINFO or SIGVTALRM. On BSD systems, a SIGINFO is generated by typing a Ctrl+T (Linux doesn't currently support a SIGINFO signal). When the client-side process receives one of those signals, it sets a flag to output a single progress report which is output when the current file transfer finishes (so it may take a little time if a big file is being handled when the signal arrives). A filename is output (if needed) followed by the --info=progress2 format of progress info. If you don't know which of the 3 rsync processes is the client process, it's OK to signal all of them (since the non-client processes ignore the signal). CAUTION: sending SIGVTALRM to an older rsync (pre-3.2.0) will kill it. --password-file=FILE This option allows you to provide a password for accessing an rsync daemon via a file or via standard input if FILE is -. The file should contain just the password on the first line (all other lines are ignored). Rsync will exit with an error if FILE is world readable or if a root-run rsync command finds a non-root-owned file. This option does not supply a password to a remote shell transport such as ssh; to learn how to do that, consult the remote shell's documentation. When accessing an rsync daemon using a remote shell as the transport, this option only comes into effect after the remote shell finishes its authentication (i.e. if you have also specified a password in the daemon's config file). --early-input=FILE This option allows rsync to send up to 5K of data to the "early exec" script on its stdin. One possible use of this data is to give the script a secret that can be used to mount an encrypted filesystem (which you should unmount in the the "post-xfer exec" script). The daemon must be at least version 3.2.1. --list-only This option will cause the source files to be listed instead of transferred. This option is inferred if there is a single source arg and no destination specified, so its main uses are: (1) to turn a copy command that includes a destination arg into a file-listing command, or (2) to be able to specify more than one source arg (note: be sure to include the destination). Caution: keep in mind that a source arg with a wild-card is expanded by the shell into multiple args, so it is never safe to try to list such an arg without using this option. For example: rsync -av --list-only foo dest/ Starting with rsync 3.1.0, the sizes output by --list-only are affected by the --human-readable option. By default they will contain digit separators, but higher levels of readability will output the sizes with unit suffixes. Note also that the column width for the size output has increased from 11 to 14 characters for all human-readable levels. Use --no-h if you want just digits in the sizes, and the old column width of 11 characters. Compatibility note: when requesting a remote listing of files from an rsync that is version 2.6.3 or older, you may encounter an error if you ask for a non-recursive listing. This is because a file listing implies the --dirs option w/o --recursive, and older rsyncs don't have that option. To avoid this problem, either specify the --no-dirs option (if you don't need to expand a directory's content), or turn on recursion and exclude the content of subdirectories: -r --exclude='//'. --bwlimit=RATE This option allows you to specify the maximum transfer rate for the data sent over the socket, specified in units per second. The RATE value can be suffixed with a string to indicate a size multiplier, and may be a fractional value (e.g. "--bwlimit=1.5m"). If no suffix is specified, the value will be assumed to be in units of 1024 bytes (as if "K" or "KiB" had been appended). See the --max-size option for a description of all the available suffixes. A value of 0 specifies no limit. For backward-compatibility reasons, the rate limit will be rounded to the nearest KiB unit, so no rate smaller than 1024 bytes per second is possible. Rsync writes data over the socket in blocks, and this option both limits the size of the blocks that rsync writes, and tries to keep the average transfer rate at the requested limit. Some burstiness may be seen where rsync writes out a block of data and then sleeps to bring the average rate into compliance. Due to the internal buffering of data, the --progress option may not be an accurate reflection on how fast the data is being sent. This is because some files can show up as being rapidly sent when the data is quickly buffered, while other can show up as very slow when the flushing of the output buffer occurs. This may be fixed in a future version. --stop-after=MINS This option tells rsync to stop copying when the specified number of minutes has elapsed. Rsync also accepts an earlier version of this option: --time-limit=MINS. For maximal flexibility, rsync does not communicate this option to the remote rsync since it is usually enough that one side of the connection quits as specified. This allows the option's use even when only one side of the connection supports it. You can tell the remote side about the time limit using --remote-option (-M), should the need arise. --stop-at=y-m-dTh:m This option tells rsync to stop copying when the specified point in time has been reached. The date & time can be fully specified in a numeric format of year-month-dayThour:minute (e.g. 2000-12-31T23:59) in the local timezone. You may choose to separate the date numbers using slashes instead of dashes. The value can also be abbreviated in a variety of ways, such as specifying a 2-digit year and/or leaving off various values. In all cases, the value will be taken to be the next possible point in time where the supplied information matches. If the value specifies the current time or a past time, rsync exits with an error. For example, "1-30" specifies the next January 30th (at midnight local time), "14:00" specifies the next 2 P.M., "1" specifies the next 1st of the month at midnight, "31" specifies the next month where we can stop on its 31st day, and ":59" specifies the next 59th minute after the hour. For maximal flexibility, rsync does not communicate this option to the remote rsync since it is usually enough that one side of the connection quits as specified. This allows the option's use even when only one side of the connection supports it. You can tell the remote side about the time limit using --remote-option (-M), should the need arise. Do keep in mind that the remote host may have a different default timezone than your local host. --fsync Cause the receiving side to fsync each finished file. This may slow down the transfer, but can help to provide peace of mind when updating critical files. --write-batch=FILE Record a file that can later be applied to another identical destination with --read-batch. See the "BATCH MODE" section for details, and also the --only-write-batch option. This option overrides the negotiated checksum & compress lists and always negotiates a choice based on old-school md5/md4/zlib choices. If you want a more modern choice, use the --checksum-choice (--cc) and/or --compress-choice (--zc) options. --only-write-batch=FILE Works like --write-batch, except that no updates are made on the destination system when creating the batch. This lets you transport the changes to the destination system via some other means and then apply the changes via --read-batch. Note that you can feel free to write the batch directly to some portable media: if this media fills to capacity before the end of the transfer, you can just apply that partial transfer to the destination and repeat the whole process to get the rest of the changes (as long as you don't mind a partially updated destination system while the multi-update cycle is happening). Also note that you only save bandwidth when pushing changes to a remote system because this allows the batched data to be diverted from the sender into the batch file without having to flow over the wire to the receiver (when pulling, the sender is remote, and thus can't write the batch). --read-batch=FILE Apply all of the changes stored in FILE, a file previously generated by --write-batch. If FILE is -, the batch data will be read from standard input. See the "BATCH MODE" section for details. --protocol=NUM Force an older protocol version to be used. This is useful for creating a batch file that is compatible with an older version of rsync. For instance, if rsync 2.6.4 is being used with the --write-batch option, but rsync 2.6.3 is what will be used to run the --read-batch option, you should use "-⁠-⁠protocol=28" when creating the batch file to force the older protocol version to be used in the batch file (assuming you can't upgrade the rsync on the reading system). --iconv=CONVERT_SPEC Rsync can convert filenames between character sets using this option. Using a CONVERT_SPEC of "." tells rsync to look up the default character-set via the locale setting. Alternately, you can fully specify what conversion to do by giving a local and a remote charset separated by a comma in the order --iconv=LOCAL,REMOTE, e.g. --iconv=utf8,iso88591. This order ensures that the option will stay the same whether you're pushing or pulling files. Finally, you can specify either --no-iconv or a CONVERT_SPEC of "-⁠" to turn off any conversion. The default setting of this option is site-specific, and can also be affected via the RSYNC_ICONV environment variable. For a list of what charset names your local iconv library supports, you can run "iconv --list". If you specify the --protect-args option (-s), rsync will translate the filenames you specify on the command-line that are being sent to the remote host. See also the --files-from option. Note that rsync does not do any conversion of names in filter files (including include/exclude files). It is up to you to ensure that you're specifying matching rules that can match on both sides of the transfer. For instance, you can specify extra include/exclude rules if there are filename differences on the two sides that need to be accounted for. When you pass an --iconv option to an rsync daemon that allows it, the daemon uses the charset specified in its "charset" configuration parameter regardless of the remote charset you actually pass. Thus, you may feel free to specify just the local charset for a daemon transfer (e.g. --iconv=utf8). --ipv4, -4 or --ipv6, -6 Tells rsync to prefer IPv4/IPv6 when creating sockets or running ssh. This affects sockets that rsync has direct control over, such as the outgoing socket when directly contacting an rsync daemon, as well as the forwarding of the -4 or -6 option to ssh when rsync can deduce that ssh is being used as the remote shell. For other remote shells you'll need to specify the "--rsh SHELL -4" option directly (or whatever ipv4/ipv6 hint options it uses). These options also exist in the --daemon mode section. If rsync was complied without support for IPv6, the --ipv6 option will have no effect. The rsync --version output will contain "no IPv6" if is the case. --checksum-seed=NUM Set the checksum seed to the integer NUM. This 4 byte checksum seed is included in each block and MD4 file checksum calculation (the more modern MD5 file checksums don't use a seed). By default the checksum seed is generated by the server and defaults to the current time(). This option is used to set a specific checksum seed, which is useful for applications that want repeatable block checksums, or in the case where the user wants a more random checksum seed. Setting NUM to 0 causes rsync to use the default of time() for checksum seed. DAEMON OPTIONS The options allowed when starting an rsync daemon are as follows: --daemon This tells rsync that it is to run as a daemon. The daemon you start running may be accessed using an rsync client using the host::module or rsync://host/module/ syntax. If standard input is a socket then rsync will assume that it is being run via inetd, otherwise it will detach from the current terminal and become a background daemon. The daemon will read the config file (rsyncd.conf) on each connect made by a client and respond to requests accordingly. See the rsyncd.conf(5) man page for more details. --address=ADDRESS By default rsync will bind to the wildcard address when run as a daemon with the --daemon option. The --address option allows you to specify a specific IP address (or hostname) to bind to. This makes virtual hosting possible in conjunction with the --config option. See also the "address" global option in the rsyncd.conf manpage. --bwlimit=RATE This option allows you to specify the maximum transfer rate for the data the daemon sends over the socket. The client can still specify a smaller --bwlimit value, but no larger value will be allowed. See the client version of this option (above) for some extra details. --config=FILE This specifies an alternate config file than the default. This is only relevant when --daemon is specified. The default is /etc/rsyncd.conf unless the daemon is running over a remote shell program and the remote user is not the super-user; in that case the default is rsyncd.conf in the current directory (typically $HOME). --dparam=OVERRIDE, -M This option can be used to set a daemon-config parameter when starting up rsync in daemon mode. It is equivalent to adding the parameter at the end of the global settings prior to the first module's definition. The parameter names can be specified without spaces, if you so desire. For instance: rsync --daemon -M pidfile=/path/rsync.pid --no-detach When running as a daemon, this option instructs rsync to not detach itself and become a background process. This option is required when running as a service on Cygwin, and may also be useful when rsync is supervised by a program such as daemontools or AIX's System Resource Controller. --no-detach is also recommended when rsync is run under a debugger. This option has no effect if rsync is run from inetd or sshd. --port=PORT This specifies an alternate TCP port number for the daemon to listen on rather than the default of 873. See also the "port" global option in the rsyncd.conf manpage. --log-file=FILE This option tells the rsync daemon to use the given log-file name instead of using the "log file" setting in the config file. --log-file-format=FORMAT This option tells the rsync daemon to use the given FORMAT string instead of using the "log format" setting in the config file. It also enables "transfer logging" unless the string is empty, in which case transfer logging is turned off. --sockopts This overrides the socket options setting in the rsyncd.conf file and has the same syntax. --verbose, -v This option increases the amount of information the daemon logs during its startup phase. After the client connects, the daemon's verbosity level will be controlled by the options that the client used and the "max verbosity" setting in the module's config section. --ipv4, -4 or --ipv6, -6 Tells rsync to prefer IPv4/IPv6 when creating the incoming sockets that the rsync daemon will use to listen for connections. One of these options may be required in older versions of Linux to work around an IPv6 bug in the kernel (if you see an "address already in use" error when nothing else is using the port, try specifying --ipv6 or --ipv4 when starting the daemon). These options also exist in the regular rsync options section. If rsync was complied without support for IPv6, the --ipv6 option will have no effect. The rsync --version output will contain "no IPv6" if is the case. --help, -h When specified after --daemon, print a short help page describing the options available for starting an rsync daemon. FILTER RULES The filter rules allow for flexible selection of which files to transfer (include) and which files to skip (exclude). The rules either directly specify include/exclude patterns or they specify a way to acquire more include/exclude patterns (e.g. to read them from a file). As the list of files/directories to transfer is built, rsync checks each name to be transferred against the list of include/exclude patterns in turn, and the first matching pattern is acted on: if it is an exclude pattern, then that file is skipped; if it is an include pattern then that filename is not skipped; if no matching pattern is found, then the filename is not skipped. Rsync builds an ordered list of filter rules as specified on the command-line. Filter rules have the following syntax: RULE [PATTERN_OR_FILENAME] RULE,MODIFIERS [PATTERN_OR_FILENAME] You have your choice of using either short or long RULE names, as described below. If you use a short-named rule, the ',' separating the RULE from the MODIFIERS is optional. The PATTERN or FILENAME that follows (when present) must come after either a single space or an underscore (_). Here are the available rule prefixes: exclude, '-' specifies an exclude pattern. include, '+' specifies an include pattern. merge, '.' specifies a merge-file to read for more rules. dir-merge, ':' specifies a per-directory merge-file. hide, 'H' specifies a pattern for hiding files from the transfer. show, 'S' files that match the pattern are not hidden. protect, 'P' specifies a pattern for protecting files from deletion. risk, 'R' files that match the pattern are not protected. clear, '!' clears the current include/exclude list (takes no arg) When rules are being read from a file, empty lines are ignored, as are whole-line comments that start with a '#' (filename rules that contain a hash are unaffected). Note that the --include & --exclude command-line options do not allow the full range of rule parsing as described above -⁠-⁠ they only allow the specification of include / exclude patterns plus a "!" token to clear the list (and the normal comment parsing when rules are read from a file). If a pattern does not begin with "- " (dash, space) or "+ " (plus, space), then the rule will be interpreted as if "+ " (for an include option) or "- " (for an exclude option) were prefixed to the string. A --filter option, on the other hand, must always contain either a short or long rule name at the start of the rule. Note also that the --filter, --include, and --exclude options take one rule/pattern each. To add multiple ones, you can repeat the options on the command-line, use the merge-file syntax of the --filter option, or the --include-from / --exclude-from options. INCLUDE/EXCLUDE PATTERN RULES You can include and exclude files by specifying patterns using the "+", "-⁠", etc. filter rules (as introduced in the FILTER RULES section above). The include/exclude rules each specify a pattern that is matched against the names of the files that are going to be transferred. These patterns can take several forms: if the pattern starts with a / then it is anchored to a particular spot in the hierarchy of files, otherwise it is matched against the end of the pathname. This is similar to a leading ^ in regular expressions. Thus /foo would match a name of "foo" at either the "root of the transfer" (for a global rule) or in the merge-file's directory (for a per-directory rule). An unqualified foo would match a name of "foo" anywhere in the tree because the algorithm is applied recursively from the top down; it behaves as if each path component gets a turn at being the end of the filename. Even the unanchored "sub/foo" would match at any point in the hierarchy where a "foo" was found within a directory named "sub". See the section on ANCHORING INCLUDE/EXCLUDE PATTERNS for a full discussion of how to specify a pattern that matches at the root of the transfer. if the pattern ends with a / then it will only match a directory, not a regular file, symlink, or device. rsync chooses between doing a simple string match and wildcard matching by checking if the pattern contains one of these three wildcard characters: '', '?', and '[' . a '' matches any path component, but it stops at slashes. use '*' to match anything, including slashes. a '?' matches any character except a slash (/). a '[' introduces a character class, such as [a-z] or [[:alpha:]]. in a wildcard pattern, a backslash can be used to escape a wildcard character, but it is matched literally when no wildcards are present. This means that there is an extra level of backslash removal when a pattern contains wildcard characters compared to a pattern that has none. e.g. if you add a wildcard to "foo\bar" (which matches the backslash) you would need to use "foo\\bar" to avoid the "\b" becoming just "b". if the pattern contains a / (not counting a trailing /) or a "", then it is matched against the full pathname, including any leading directories. If the pattern doesn't contain a / or a "", then it is matched only against the final component of the filename. (Remember that the algorithm is applied recursively so "full filename" can actually be any portion of a path from the starting directory on down.) a trailing "dir_name/*" will match both the directory (as if "dir_name/" had been specified) and everything in the directory (as if "dir_name/" had been specified). This behavior was added in version 2.6.7. Note that, when using the --recursive (-r) option (which is implied by -a), every subdir component of every path is visited left to right, with each directory having a chance for exclusion before its content. In this way include/exclude patterns are applied recursively to the pathname of each node in the filesystem's tree (those inside the transfer). The exclude patterns short-circuit the directory traversal stage as rsync finds the files to send. For instance, to include "/foo/bar/baz", the directories "/foo" and "/foo/bar" must not be excluded. Excluding one of those parent directories prevents the examination of its content, cutting off rsync's recursion into those paths and rendering the include for "/foo/bar/baz" ineffectual (since rsync can't match something it never sees in the cut-off section of the directory hierarchy). The concept path exclusion is particularly important when using a trailing '' rule. For instance, this won't work: + /some/path/this-file-will-not-be-found + /file-is-included - This fails because the parent directory "some" is excluded by the '' rule, so rsync never visits any of the files in the "some" or "some/path" directories. One solution is to ask for all directories in the hierarchy to be included by using a single rule: "+ /" (put it somewhere before the "- " rule), and perhaps use the --prune-empty-dirs option. Another solution is to add specific include rules for all the parent dirs that need to be visited. For instance, this set of rules works fine: + /some/ + /some/path/ + /some/path/this-file-is-found + /file-also-included - Here are some examples of exclude/include matching: "- .o" would exclude all names matching .o "- /foo" would exclude a file (or directory) named foo in the transfer-root directory "- foo/" would exclude any directory named foo "- /foo//bar" would exclude any file named bar which is at two levels below a directory named foo in the transfer-root directory "- /foo//bar" would exclude any file named bar two or more levels below a directory named foo in the transfer-root directory The combination of "+ /", "+ .c", and "- " would include all directories and C source files but nothing else (see also the --prune-empty-dirs option) The combination of "+ foo/", "+ foo/bar.c", and "- " would include only the foo directory and foo/bar.c (the foo directory must be explicitly included or it would be excluded by the "") The following modifiers are accepted after a "+" or "-": A / specifies that the include/exclude rule should be matched against the absolute pathname of the current item. For example, "-/ /etc/passwd" would exclude the passwd file any time the transfer was sending files from the "/etc" directory, and "-⁠/ subdir/foo" would always exclude "foo" when it is in a dir named "subdir", even if "foo" is at the root of the current transfer. A ! specifies that the include/exclude should take effect if the pattern fails to match. For instance, "-! /" would exclude all non-directories. A C is used to indicate that all the global CVS-exclude rules should be inserted as excludes in place of the "-⁠C". No arg should follow. An s is used to indicate that the rule applies to the sending side. When a rule affects the sending side, it prevents files from being transferred. The default is for a rule to affect both sides unless --delete-excluded was specified, in which case default rules become sender-side only. See also the hide (H) and show (S) rules, which are an alternate way to specify sending-side includes/excludes. An r is used to indicate that the rule applies to the receiving side. When a rule affects the receiving side, it prevents files from being deleted. See the s modifier for more info. See also the protect (P) and risk (R) rules, which are an alternate way to specify receiver-side includes/excludes. A p indicates that a rule is perishable, meaning that it is ignored in directories that are being deleted. For instance, the -C option's default rules that exclude things like "CVS" and ".o" are marked as perishable, and will not prevent a directory that was removed on the source from being deleted on the destination. An x indicates that a rule affects xattr names in xattr copy/delete operations (and is thus ignored when matching file/dir names). If no xattr-matching rules are specified, a default xattr filtering rule is used (see the --xattrs option). MERGE-FILE FILTER RULES You can merge whole files into your filter rules by specifying either a merge (.) or a dir-merge (:) filter rule (as introduced in the FILTER RULES section above). There are two kinds of merged files -⁠-⁠ single-instance ('.') and per-directory (':'). A single-instance merge file is read one time, and its rules are incorporated into the filter list in the place of the "." rule. For per-directory merge files, rsync will scan every directory that it traverses for the named file, merging its contents when the file exists into the current list of inherited rules. These per-directory rule files must be created on the sending side because it is the sending side that is being scanned for the available files to transfer. These rule files may also need to be transferred to the receiving side if you want them to affect what files don't get deleted (see PER-DIRECTORY RULES AND DELETE below). Some examples: merge /etc/rsync/default.rules . /etc/rsync/default.rules dir-merge .per-dir-filter dir-merge,n- .non-inherited-per-dir-excludes :n- .non-inherited-per-dir-excludes The following modifiers are accepted after a merge or dir-merge rule: A - specifies that the file should consist of only exclude patterns, with no other rule-parsing except for in-file comments. A + specifies that the file should consist of only include patterns, with no other rule-parsing except for in-file comments. A C is a way to specify that the file should be read in a CVS-compatible manner. This turns on 'n', 'w', and '-⁠', but also allows the list-clearing token (!) to be specified. If no filename is provided, ".cvsignore" is assumed. A e will exclude the merge-file name from the transfer; e.g. "dir-merge,e .rules" is like "dir-merge .rules" and "-⁠ .rules". An n specifies that the rules are not inherited by subdirectories. A w specifies that the rules are word-split on whitespace instead of the normal line-splitting. This also turns off comments. Note: the space that separates the prefix from the rule is treated specially, so "-⁠ foo + bar" is parsed as two rules (assuming that prefix-parsing wasn't also disabled). You may also specify any of the modifiers for the "+" or "-⁠" rules (above) in order to have the rules that are read in from the file default to having that modifier set (except for the ! modifier, which would not be useful). For instance, "merge,-⁠/ .excl" would treat the contents of .excl as absolute-path excludes, while "dir-merge,s .filt" and ":sC" would each make all their per-directory rules apply only on the sending side. If the merge rule specifies sides to affect (via the s or r modifier or both), then the rules in the file must not specify sides (via a modifier or a rule prefix such as hide). Per-directory rules are inherited in all subdirectories of the directory where the merge-file was found unless the 'n' modifier was used. Each subdirectory's rules are prefixed to the inherited per-directory rules from its parents, which gives the newest rules a higher priority than the inherited rules. The entire set of dir-merge rules are grouped together in the spot where the merge-file was specified, so it is possible to override dir-merge rules via a rule that got specified earlier in the list of global rules. When the list-clearing rule ("!") is read from a per-directory file, it only clears the inherited rules for the current merge file. Another way to prevent a single rule from a dir-merge file from being inherited is to anchor it with a leading slash. Anchored rules in a per-directory merge-file are relative to the merge-file's directory, so a pattern "/foo" would only match the file "foo" in the directory where the dir-merge filter file was found. Here's an example filter file which you'd specify via --filter=". file": merge /home/user/.global-filter - .gz dir-merge .rules + .[ch] - .o - foo This will merge the contents of the /home/user/.global-filter file at the start of the list and also turns the ".rules" filename into a per-directory filter file. All rules read in prior to the start of the directory scan follow the global anchoring rules (i.e. a leading slash matches at the root of the transfer). If a per-directory merge-file is specified with a path that is a parent directory of the first transfer directory, rsync will scan all the parent dirs from that starting point to the transfer directory for the indicated per-directory file. For instance, here is a common filter (see -F): --filter=': /.rsync-filter' That rule tells rsync to scan for the file .rsync-filter in all directories from the root down through the parent directory of the transfer prior to the start of the normal directory scan of the file in the directories that are sent as a part of the transfer. (Note: for an rsync daemon, the root is always the same as the module's "path".) Some examples of this pre-scanning for per-directory files: rsync -avF /src/path/ /dest/dir rsync -av --filter=': ../../.rsync-filter' /src/path/ /dest/dir rsync -av --filter=': .rsync-filter' /src/path/ /dest/dir The first two commands above will look for ".rsync-filter" in "/" and "/src" before the normal scan begins looking for the file in "/src/path" and its subdirectories. The last command avoids the parent-dir scan and only looks for the ".rsync-filter" files in each directory that is a part of the transfer. If you want to include the contents of a ".cvsignore" in your patterns, you should use the rule ":C", which creates a dir-merge of the .cvsignore file, but parsed in a CVS-compatible manner. You can use this to affect where the --cvs-exclude (-C) option's inclusion of the per-directory .cvsignore file gets placed into your rules by putting the ":C" wherever you like in your filter rules. Without this, rsync would add the dir-merge rule for the .cvsignore file at the end of all your other rules (giving it a lower priority than your command-line rules). For example: cat <<EOT \| rsync -avC --filter='. -' a/ b + foo.o :C - .old EOT rsync -avC --include=foo.o -f :C --exclude='.old' a/ b Both of the above rsync commands are identical. Each one will merge all the per-directory .cvsignore rules in the middle of the list rather than at the end. This allows their dir-specific rules to supersede the rules that follow the :C instead of being subservient to all your rules. To affect the other CVS exclude rules (i.e. the default list of exclusions, the contents of $HOME/.cvsignore, and the value of $CVSIGNORE) you should omit the -C command-line option and instead insert a "-⁠C" rule into your filter rules; e.g. "--filter=-C". LIST-CLEARING FILTER RULE You can clear the current include/exclude list by using the "!" filter rule (as introduced in the FILTER RULES section above). The "current" list is either the global list of rules (if the rule is encountered while parsing the filter options) or a set of per-directory rules (which are inherited in their own sub-list, so a subdirectory can use this to clear out the parent's rules). ANCHORING INCLUDE/EXCLUDE PATTERNS As mentioned earlier, global include/exclude patterns are anchored at the "root of the transfer" (as opposed to per-directory patterns, which are anchored at the merge-file's directory). If you think of the transfer as a subtree of names that are being sent from sender to receiver, the transfer-root is where the tree starts to be duplicated in the destination directory. This root governs where patterns that start with a / match. Because the matching is relative to the transfer-root, changing the trailing slash on a source path or changing your use of the --relative option affects the path you need to use in your matching (in addition to changing how much of the file tree is duplicated on the destination host). The following examples demonstrate this. Let's say that we want to match two source files, one with an absolute path of "/home/me/foo/bar", and one with a path of "/home/you/bar/baz". Here is how the various command choices differ for a 2-source transfer: Example cmd: rsync -a /home/me /home/you /dest +/- pattern: /me/foo/bar +/- pattern: /you/bar/baz Target file: /dest/me/foo/bar Target file: /dest/you/bar/baz Example cmd: rsync -a /home/me/ /home/you/ /dest +/- pattern: /foo/bar (note missing "me") +/- pattern: /bar/baz (note missing "you") Target file: /dest/foo/bar Target file: /dest/bar/baz Example cmd: rsync -a --relative /home/me/ /home/you /dest +/- pattern: /home/me/foo/bar (note full path) +/- pattern: /home/you/bar/baz (ditto) Target file: /dest/home/me/foo/bar Target file: /dest/home/you/bar/baz Example cmd: cd /home; rsync -a --relative me/foo you/ /dest +/- pattern: /me/foo/bar (starts at specified path) +/- pattern: /you/bar/baz (ditto) Target file: /dest/me/foo/bar Target file: /dest/you/bar/baz The easiest way to see what name you should filter is to just look at the output when using --verbose and put a / in front of the name (use the --dry-run option if you're not yet ready to copy any files). PER-DIRECTORY RULES AND DELETE Without a delete option, per-directory rules are only relevant on the sending side, so you can feel free to exclude the merge files themselves without affecting the transfer. To make this easy, the 'e' modifier adds this exclude for you, as seen in these two equivalent commands: rsync -av --filter=': .excl' --exclude=.excl host:src/dir /dest rsync -av --filter=':e .excl' host:src/dir /dest However, if you want to do a delete on the receiving side AND you want some files to be excluded from being deleted, you'll need to be sure that the receiving side knows what files to exclude. The easiest way is to include the per-directory merge files in the transfer and use --delete-after, because this ensures that the receiving side gets all the same exclude rules as the sending side before it tries to delete anything: rsync -avF --delete-after host:src/dir /dest However, if the merge files are not a part of the transfer, you'll need to either specify some global exclude rules (i.e. specified on the command line), or you'll need to maintain your own per-directory merge files on the receiving side. An example of the first is this (assume that the remote .rules files exclude themselves): rsync -av --filter=': .rules' --filter='. /my/extra.rules' --delete host:src/dir /dest In the above example the extra.rules file can affect both sides of the transfer, but (on the sending side) the rules are subservient to the rules merged from the .rules files because they were specified after the per-directory merge rule. In one final example, the remote side is excluding the .rsync-filter files from the transfer, but we want to use our own .rsync-filter files to control what gets deleted on the receiving side. To do this we must specifically exclude the per-directory merge files (so that they don't get deleted) and then put rules into the local files to control what else should not get deleted. Like one of these commands: rsync -av --filter=':e /.rsync-filter' --delete \ host:src/dir /dest rsync -avFF --delete host:src/dir /dest BATCH MODE Batch mode can be used to apply the same set of updates to many identical systems. Suppose one has a tree which is replicated on a number of hosts. Now suppose some changes have been made to this source tree and those changes need to be propagated to the other hosts. In order to do this using batch mode, rsync is run with the write-batch option to apply the changes made to the source tree to one of the destination trees. The write-batch option causes the rsync client to store in a "batch file" all the information needed to repeat this operation against other, identical destination trees. Generating the batch file once saves having to perform the file status, checksum, and data block generation more than once when updating multiple destination trees. Multicast transport protocols can be used to transfer the batch update files in parallel to many hosts at once, instead of sending the same data to every host individually. To apply the recorded changes to another destination tree, run rsync with the read-batch option, specifying the name of the same batch file, and the destination tree. Rsync updates the destination tree using the information stored in the batch file. For your convenience, a script file is also created when the write-batch option is used: it will be named the same as the batch file with ".sh" appended. This script file contains a command-line suitable for updating a destination tree using the associated batch file. It can be executed using a Bourne (or Bourne-like) shell, optionally passing in an alternate destination tree pathname which is then used instead of the original destination path. This is useful when the destination tree path on the current host differs from the one used to create the batch file. Examples: $ rsync --write-batch=foo -a host:/source/dir/ /adest/dir/ $ scp foo* remote: $ ssh remote ./foo.sh /bdest/dir/ $ rsync --write-batch=foo -a /source/dir/ /adest/dir/ $ ssh remote rsync --read-batch=- -a /bdest/dir/ <foo In these examples, rsync is used to update /adest/dir/ from /source/dir/ and the information to repeat this operation is stored in "foo" and "foo.sh". The host "remote" is then updated with the batched data going into the directory /bdest/dir. The differences between the two examples reveals some of the flexibility you have in how you deal with batches: The first example shows that the initial copy doesn't have to be local -⁠-⁠ you can push or pull data to/from a remote host using either the remote-shell syntax or rsync daemon syntax, as desired. The first example uses the created "foo.sh" file to get the right rsync options when running the read-batch command on the remote host. The second example reads the batch data via standard input so that the batch file doesn't need to be copied to the remote machine first. This example avoids the foo.sh script because it needed to use a modified --read-batch option, but you could edit the script file if you wished to make use of it (just be sure that no other option is trying to use standard input, such as the "--exclude-from=-" option). Caveats: The read-batch option expects the destination tree that it is updating to be identical to the destination tree that was used to create the batch update fileset. When a difference between the destination trees is encountered the update might be discarded with a warning (if the file appears to be up-to-date already) or the file-update may be attempted and then, if the file fails to verify, the update discarded with an error. This means that it should be safe to re-run a read-batch operation if the command got interrupted. If you wish to force the batched-update to always be attempted regardless of the file's size and date, use the -I option (when reading the batch). If an error occurs, the destination tree will probably be in a partially updated state. In that case, rsync can be used in its regular (non-batch) mode of operation to fix up the destination tree. The rsync version used on all destinations must be at least as new as the one used to generate the batch file. Rsync will die with an error if the protocol version in the batch file is too new for the batch-reading rsync to handle. See also the --protocol option for a way to have the creating rsync generate a batch file that an older rsync can understand. (Note that batch files changed format in version 2.6.3, so mixing versions older than that with newer versions will not work.) When reading a batch file, rsync will force the value of certain options to match the data in the batch file if you didn't set them to the same as the batch-writing command. Other options can (and should) be changed. For instance --write-batch changes to --read-batch, --files-from is dropped, and the --filter / --include / --exclude options are not needed unless one of the --delete options is specified. The code that creates the BATCH.sh file transforms any filter/include/exclude options into a single list that is appended as a "here" document to the shell script file. An advanced user can use this to modify the exclude list if a change in what gets deleted by --delete is desired. A normal user can ignore this detail and just use the shell script as an easy way to run the appropriate --read-batch command for the batched data. The original batch mode in rsync was based on "rsync+", but the latest version uses a new implementation. SYMBOLIC LINKS Three basic behaviors are possible when rsync encounters a symbolic link in the source directory. By default, symbolic links are not transferred at all. A message "skipping non-regular" file is emitted for any symlinks that exist. If --links is specified, then symlinks are recreated with the same target on the destination. Note that --archive implies --links. If --copy-links is specified, then symlinks are "collapsed" by copying their referent, rather than the symlink. Rsync can also distinguish "safe" and "unsafe" symbolic links. An example where this might be used is a web site mirror that wishes to ensure that the rsync module that is copied does not include symbolic links to /etc/passwd in the public section of the site. Using --copy-unsafe-links will cause any links to be copied as the file they point to on the destination. Using --safe-links will cause unsafe links to be omitted altogether. (Note that you must specify --links for --safe-links to have any effect.) Symbolic links are considered unsafe if they are absolute symlinks (start with /), empty, or if they contain enough ".." components to ascend from the directory being copied. Here's a summary of how the symlink options are interpreted. The list is in order of precedence, so if your combination of options isn't mentioned, use the first line that is a complete subset of your options: --copy-links Turn all symlinks into normal files (leaving no symlinks for any other options to affect). --links --copy-unsafe-links Turn all unsafe symlinks into files and duplicate all safe symlinks. --copy-unsafe-links Turn all unsafe symlinks into files, noisily skip all safe symlinks. --links --safe-links Duplicate safe symlinks and skip unsafe ones. --links Duplicate all symlinks. DIAGNOSTICS rsync occasionally produces error messages that may seem a little cryptic. The one that seems to cause the most confusion is "protocol version mismatch -⁠-⁠ is your shell clean?". This message is usually caused by your startup scripts or remote shell facility producing unwanted garbage on the stream that rsync is using for its transport. The way to diagnose this problem is to run your remote shell like this: ssh remotehost /bin/true > out.dat then look at out.dat. If everything is working correctly then out.dat should be a zero length file. If you are getting the above error from rsync then you will probably find that out.dat contains some text or data. Look at the contents and try to work out what is producing it. The most common cause is incorrectly configured shell startup scripts (such as .cshrc or .profile) that contain output statements for non-interactive logins. If you are having trouble debugging filter patterns, then try specifying the -vv option. At this level of verbosity rsync will show why each individual file is included or excluded. EXIT VALUES 0 Success 1 Syntax or usage error 2 Protocol incompatibility 3 Errors selecting input/output files, dirs 4 Requested action not supported: an attempt was made to manipulate 64-bit files on a platform that cannot support them; or an option was specified that is supported by the client and not by the server. 5 Error starting client-server protocol 6 Daemon unable to append to log-file 10 Error in socket I/O 11 Error in file I/O 12 Error in rsync protocol data stream 13 Errors with program diagnostics 14 Error in IPC code 20 Received SIGUSR1 or SIGINT 21 Some error returned by waitpid() 22 Error allocating core memory buffers 23 Partial transfer due to error 24 Partial transfer due to vanished source files 25 The -⁠-⁠max-delete limit stopped deletions 30 Timeout in data send/receive 35 Timeout waiting for daemon connection ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES CVSIGNORE The CVSIGNORE environment variable supplements any ignore patterns in .cvsignore files. See the --cvs-exclude option for more details. RSYNC_ICONV Specify a default --iconv setting using this environment variable. (First supported in 3.0.0.) RSYNC_PROTECT_ARGS Specify a non-zero numeric value if you want the --protect-args option to be enabled by default, or a zero value to make sure that it is disabled by default. (First supported in 3.1.0.) RSYNC_RSH The RSYNC_RSH environment variable allows you to override the default shell used as the transport for rsync. Command line options are permitted after the command name, just as in the -e option. RSYNC_PROXY The RSYNC_PROXY environment variable allows you to redirect your rsync client to use a web proxy when connecting to a rsync daemon. You should set RSYNC_PROXY to a hostname:port pair. RSYNC_PASSWORD Setting RSYNC_PASSWORD to the required password allows you to run authenticated rsync connections to an rsync daemon without user intervention. Note that this does not supply a password to a remote shell transport such as ssh; to learn how to do that, consult the remote shell's documentation. USER or LOGNAME The USER or LOGNAME environment variables are used to determine the default username sent to an rsync daemon. If neither is set, the username defaults to "nobody". HOME The HOME environment variable is used to find the user's default .cvsignore file. FILES /etc/rsyncd.conf or rsyncd.conf SEE ALSO rsync-ssl(1), rsyncd.conf(5) BUGS times are transferred as *nix time_t values When transferring to FAT filesystems rsync may re-sync unmodified files. See the comments on the --modify-window option. file permissions, devices, etc. are transferred as native numerical values see also the comments on the --delete option Please report bugs! See the web site at https://rsync.samba.org/. VERSION This man page is current for version 3.2.4dev of rsync. INTERNAL OPTIONS The options --server and --sender are used internally by rsync, and should never be typed by a user under normal circumstances. Some awareness of these options may be needed in certain scenarios, such as when setting up a login that can only run an rsync command. For instance, the support directory of the rsync distribution has an example script named rrsync (for restricted rsync) that can be used with a restricted ssh login. CREDITS rsync is distributed under the GNU General Public License. See the file COPYING for details. A web site is available at https://rsync.samba.org/. The site includes an FAQ-O-Matic which may cover questions unanswered by this manual page. We would be delighted to hear from you if you like this program. Please contact the mailing-list at [email protected]. This program uses the excellent zlib compression library written by Jean-loup Gailly and Mark Adler. THANKS Special thanks go out to: John Van Essen, Matt McCutchen, Wesley W. Terpstra, David Dykstra, Jos Backus, Sebastian Krahmer, Martin Pool, and our gone-but-not-forgotten compadre, J.W. Schultz. Thanks also to Richard Brent, Brendan Mackay, Bill Waite, Stephen Rothwell and David Bell. I've probably missed some people, my apologies if I have. AUTHOR rsync was originally written by Andrew Tridgell and Paul Mackerras. Many people have later contributed to it. It is currently maintained by Wayne Davison.
0.999984	People line up for vaccination injections in front of at the vaccination center of the Malteser relief service on the fair grounds in Berlin, Germany, Wednesday, Nov. 3, 2021. Germany's health minister Jens Spahn is calling for booster vaccinations to be stepped up and for more frequent checks of people's vaccination or test status as new COVID-19 infections increase.(AP Photo/Markus Schreiber) Related Articles Israel spared fifth snap election as lawmakers pass budgetEU delegation meets Taiwan president on first official tripUrgent efforts to calm Ethiopia as war reaches one-year markMurphy barely wins in NJ while Youngkin upsets in Virginia Contact Editor BERLIN (AP) — Germany's disease control agency on Thursday reported the highest number of new coronavirus infections since the outbreak of the pandemic. The Robert Koch Institute, or RKI, said 33,949 new cases had been registered in the last 24 hours, up from 28,037 daily cases a week ago. The previous record was 33,777 new cases on Dec. 18, 2020. The all-time high comes as the country's federal Health Minister Jens Spahn is set to meet with the 16 state health ministers to discuss how to limit the spread of the virus in the winter as intensive care units in the hospitals are starting to fill up again and infections among children are skyrocketing. On Thursday, the RKI reported 165 deaths, up from 126 a week ago. The overall number of people who have died from a COVID-19 infection in Germany has risen to to 96,192. Senior health officials have repeatedly appealed to German residents who haven’t yet been vaccinated at all to get their shots, though Spahn acknowledged Wednesday that many of the holdouts can’t be convinced. Official figures show that about two-thirds of Germany’s population of 83 million has completed its first round of vaccination. Around 16.2 million people age 12 or above remain unvaccinated — including 3.2 million over-60s. Although officials agreed in August to make booster shots available to over-60s and nursing home residents and staff, only just over 2 million have been administered so far. Germany hasn’t made coronavirus vaccinations obligatory for any professional groups, unlike some of its European counterparts. But regional governments have limited access to some indoor events and facilities to people who have been vaccinated, have recently recovered or been tested, and some are tightening those rules. Pressure has been growing to implement mandatory tests in nursing homes after several outbreaks were reported in senior citizen homes in recent days that have led to more than a dozen residents dying. The head of the association of family doctors, Ulrich Weigeldt, went even further on Thursday demanding mandatory coronavirus vaccinations for all employees working in nursing homes or hospitals. “No unvaccinated person should have contact with such a vulnerable group, either professionally or as a visitor," Weigeldt told daily tabloid Bild. "This applies to senior citizen homes and nursing homes as well as to intensive care units.” ___ Follow AP’s pandemic coverage at https://apnews.com/hub/coronavirus-pandemic The Associated Press The Associated Press is an American multinational nonprofit news agency headquartered in New York City. The AP is owned by its contributing newspapers, radio, and television stations in the United States, all of which contribute stories to the AP and use material written by its staff journalists. More Articles From The » Associated Categories: Associated Press (AP), AP Health, AP World News, AP Business, AP Health - Senior Health © Copyright 2021 AccessWDUN.com All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. 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0.999643	Hanging is the suspension of a person by a noose or ligature around the neck. The Oxford English Dictionary states that hanging in this sense is "specifically to put to death by suspension by the neck", though it formerly also referred to crucifixion and death by impalement in which the body would remain "hanging". Hanging has been a common method of capital punishment since medieval times, and is the official execution method in numerous countries and regions. The first account of execution by hanging was in Homer's Odyssey. In this specialised meaning of the common word hang, the past and past participle is hanged instead of hung. Contents Methods of judicial hanging Suspension Short drop Standard drop Long drop As suicide As human sacrifice Medical effects Inverted hanging the Jewish punishment The punishment for traitors Elizabethan maritime law Hanging by the ribs Grammar References Hanging is also a common method of suicide in which a person applies a ligature to the neck and brings about unconsciousness and then death by suspension. Partial suspension or partial weight-bearing on the ligature is sometimes used, particularly in prisons, mental hospitals or other institutions, where full suspension support is difficult to devise, because high ligature points (e.g., hooks or pipes) have been removed. Methods of judicial hanging There are four ways of performing a judicial hanging: suspension hanging, the short drop, the standard drop, and the long drop. A mechanised form of hanging, the upright jerker, was also experimented with in the 18th century, with a variant of it used today in Iran. Suspension Suspension, like the short drop, causes death by using the weight of the body to tighten the noose around the trachea and neck structure. Prisoners are reported to have little or no struggle before they go limp because their jugular vein and carotid arteries are blocked and blood flow to the brain is reduced. The person slowly dies of strangulation, which typically takes between ten and twenty minutes, resulting in a considerably more elongated and painful death as compared to the standard or long drop hanging. "If the airway is constricted, and full suspension achieved (feet fully off the floor), this method, at least initially, is likely to be very painful, as the person struggles for air against the compression of the noose and against the weight of their own body, being supported entirely by the neck and jaw." Short drop The short drop is performed by placing the condemned prisoner on the back of a cart, horse, or other vehicle, with the noose around the neck. The object is then moved away, leaving the person dangling from the rope. A ladder was also commonly used with the condemned being forced to ascend, after which the noose was tied and the ladder pulled away or turned, leaving the condemned hanging. Another method involves using a stool, which the condemned is required to stand on, being kicked away. The guards at the Stutthof concentration camp who were sentenced to death were executed by short-drop hanging; they were placed in the noose while standing or sitting on a truck, and the trucks were driven away. As with suspension hanging, the condemned prisoner slowly dies of strangulation, which typically takes between ten and twenty minutes, resulting in a considerably more prolonged and painful death as compared to the standard or long drop hanging, which is intended to kill by using the shock of the drop to fracture the spinal column at the neck. Before 1850, the short drop was the standard method for hanging, and is still common in suicides and extrajudicial hangings (such as lynchings and summary executions) which do not benefit from the specialised equipment and drop-length calculation tables used by the newer methods. A short drop variant is the Austro-Hungarian "pole" method, in which the following steps take place: The condemned is made to stand before a specialized vertical pole or pillar, approximately 10 feet (3.0 m) in height A rope is attached around the condemned's feet and routed through a pulley at the base of the pole The condemned is hoisted to the top of pole by means of a sling running across the chest and under the armpits A narrow diameter noose is looped around the prisoner's neck, then secured to a hook mounted at the top of the pole The chest sling is released, and the prisoner is rapidly jerked downward by the assistant executioners via the foot rope. The executioner stands on a stepped platform approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) high beside the condemned, and guides the head downward with his hand simultaneous to the efforts of his assistants. Nazi war criminal Karl Hermann Frank was executed in this manner in 1946 in Prague. Standard drop The standard drop, which arrived as calculated in English units, involves a drop of between 4 and 6 feet (1.2 and 1.8 m) and came into use from 1866, when the scientific details were published by an Irish doctor, Samuel Haughton. Its use rapidly spread to English-speaking countries and those where judicial systems had an English origin. It was considered a humane improvement on the short drop because it was intended to be enough to break the person's neck, causing immediate paralysis and immobilisation (and probable immediate unconsciousness). This method was used to execute condemned Nazis under United States jurisdiction after the Nuremberg Trials including Joachim von Ribbentrop and Ernst Kaltenbrunner. In the execution of Ribbentrop, historian Giles MacDonogh records that: "The hangman botched the execution and the rope throttled the former foreign minister for twenty minutes before he expired." A Life magazine report on the execution merely says: "The trap fell open and with a sound midway between a rumble and a crash, Ribbentrop disappeared. The rope quivered for a time, then stood tautly straight." Long drop This process, also known as the measured drop, was introduced to Britain in 1872 by William Marwood as a scientific advance on the standard drop. Instead of everyone falling the same standard distance, the person's height and weight were used to determine how much slack would be provided in the rope so that the distance dropped would be enough to ensure that the neck was broken, but not so much that the person was decapitated. The careful placement of the eye or knot of the noose (so that the head was jerked back as the rope tightened) contributed to breaking the neck. Prior to 1892, the drop was between four and ten feet (about one to three metres), depending on the weight of the body, and was calculated to deliver a force of 1,260 lbf (5,600 newtons or 572 kgf), which fractured the neck at either the 2nd and 3rd or 4th and 5th cervical vertebrae. This force resulted in some decapitations, such as the infamous case of Black Jack Ketchum in New Mexico Territory in 1901, owing to a significant weight gain while in custody not having been factored into the drop calculations. Between 1892 and 1913, the length of the drop was shortened to avoid decapitation. After 1913, other factors were also taken into account, and the force delivered was reduced to about 1,000 lbf (4,400 N or 450 kgf). The decapitation of Eva Dugan during a botched hanging in 1930 led the state of Arizona to switch to the gas chamber as its primary execution method, on the grounds that it was believed more humane. One of the more recent decapitations as a result of the long drop occurred when Barzan Ibrahim al-Tikriti was hanged in Iraq in 2007. Accidental decapitation also occurred during the 1962 hanging of Arthur Lucas, one of the last two people to be put to death in Canada. Nazis executed under British jurisdiction, including Josef Kramer, Fritz Klein, Irma Grese and Elisabeth Volkenrath, were hanged by Albert Pierrepoint using the variable drop method devised by Marwood. As suicide Hanging is a common method for suicide. The materials necessary for suicide by hanging are readily available to the average person, compared with firearms or poisons. Full suspension is not required, and for this reason, hanging is especially commonplace among suicidal prisoners (see suicide watch). A type of hanging comparable to full suspension hanging may be obtained by self-strangulation using a ligature around the neck and the partial weight of the body (partial suspension) to tighten the ligature. When a suicidal hanging involves partial suspension the deceased is found to have both feet touching the ground, e.g., they are kneeling, crouching or standing. In Canada, hanging is the most common method of suicide, and in the U.S., hanging is the second most common method, after self-inflicted gunshot wounds. In the United Kingdom, where firearms are less easily available, in 2001 hanging was the most common method among men and the second most commonplace among women (after poisoning). Those who survive a suicide-via-hanging attempt, whether due to breakage of the cord or ligature point, or being discovered and cut down, face a range of serious injuries, including cerebral anoxia—which can lead to permanent brain damage, laryngeal fracture, cervical spine fracture—which may cause paralysis, tracheal fracture, pharyngeal laceration, and carotid artery injury. As human sacrifice There are some suggestions that the Vikings practised hanging as human sacrifices to Odin, to honour Odin's own sacrifice of hanging himself from the Yggdrasil. In Northern Europe, it is widely speculated that the Iron Age bog bodies, many who show signs of having been hanged were examples of human sacrifice to the gods. Medical effects A hanging may induce one or more of the following medical conditions, some leading to death: Closure of carotid arteries causing cerebral hypoxia Closure of the jugular veins Induction of carotid sinus reflex death, which reduces heartbeat when the pressure in the carotid arteries is high, causing cardiac arrest Breaking of the neck (cervical fracture) causing traumatic spinal cord injury or even decapitation Closure of the airway The cause of death in hanging depends on the conditions related to the event. When the body is released from a relatively high position, the major cause of death is severe trauma to the upper cervical spine. The injuries produced are highly variable. One study showed that only a small minority of a series of judicial hangings produced fractures to the cervical spine (6 out of 34 cases studied), with half of these fractures (3 out of 34) being the classic "hangman's fracture" (bilateral fractures of the pars interarticularis of the C2 vertebra). The location of the knot of the hanging rope is a major factor in determining the mechanics of cervical spine injury, with a submental knot (hangman's knot under the chin) being the only location capable of producing the sudden, straightforward hyperextension injury that causes the classic "hangman's fracture". According to Historical and biomechanical aspects of hangman's fracture, the phrase in the usual execution order, "hanged by the neck until dead," was necessary. By the late 19th century that methodical study enabled authorities to routinely employ hanging in ways that would predictably kill the victim quickly. There is evidence suggesting that there might be superior alternatives if there were sufficient interest to support research into such matters. Consider in particular an event recounted in the biography of Albert Pierrepoint. Events followed a most unconventional sequence during the hanging of a particularly powerful and uncooperative German spy during World War II. Pierrepoint relates: Just as I was crossing to the lever, he jumped with bound feet. The drop opened, and he plunged down, and I saw with horror that the noose was slipping. It would have come right over his head had it not caught roughly at a point halfway up the hood – it had in fact been stopped on his upper lip by the projection of his nose – and the body jerked down, then became absolutely still apart from the swinging of the rope. I went down into the pit with the prison medical officer. He examined the body and said to me: "A clean death. Instantaneous." He sounded surprised, and I did not blame him. I was surprised myself, and very relieved. On my next visit to Wandsworth the governor told me that the severance of the spinal cord had been perfect. Not surprisingly in retrospect, it appears that such unconventional application of forces might be particularly efficient. There is at least some evidence that some of the countries with particularly active programmes of judicial execution may have given the question of the design of efficient and reliable nooses practical attention. For example, photographs of nooses in a South African execution chamber opened to the public after abolition of the death penalty showed double nooses. Presumably the upper noose held the lower one in place to ensure a perfect hangman's fracture. The side, or subaural knot, has been shown to produce other, more complex injuries, with one thoroughly studied case producing only ligamentous injuries to the cervical spine and bilateral vertebral artery disruptions, but no major vertebral fractures or crush injuries to the spinal cord. Death from a "hangman's fracture" occurs mainly when the applied force is severe enough to also cause a severe subluxation of the C2 and C3 vertebra that crushes the spinal cord and/or disrupts the vertebral arteries. Hangman's fractures from other hyperextension injuries (the most common being unrestrained motor vehicle accidents and falls or diving injuries where the face or chin suddenly strike an immovable object) are frequently survivable if the applied force does not cause a severe subluxation of C2 on C3. Another process that has been suggested is carotid sinus reflex death. By this theory, the mechanical stimulation of the carotid sinus in the neck brings on terminal cardiac arrest. In the absence of fracture and dislocation, occlusion of blood vessels becomes the major cause of death, rather than asphyxiation. Obstruction of venous drainage of the brain via occlusion of the internal jugular veins leads to cerebral oedema and then cerebral ischemia. The face will typically become engorged and cyanotic (turned blue through lack of oxygen). There will be the classic sign of strangulation, petechiae, little blood marks on the face and in the eyes from burst blood capillaries. The tongue may protrude. Compromise of the cerebral blood flow may occur by obstruction of the carotid arteries, even though their obstruction requires far more force than the obstruction of jugular veins, since they are seated deeper and they contain blood in much higher pressure compared to the jugular veins. Where death has occurred through carotid artery obstruction or cervical fracture, the face will typically be pale in colour and not show petechiae. Many reports and pictures exist of actual short-drop hangings that seem to show that the person died quickly, while others indicate a slow and agonising death by strangulation. When cerebral circulation is severely compromised by any mechanism, arterial or venous, death occurs over four or more minutes from cerebral hypoxia, although the heart may continue to beat for some period after the brain can no longer be resuscitated. The time of death in such cases is a matter of convention. In judicial hangings, death is pronounced at cardiac arrest, which may occur at times from several minutes up to 15 minutes or longer after hanging. During suspension, once the prisoner has lapsed into unconsciousness, rippling movements of the body and limbs may occur for some time which are usually attributed to nervous and muscular reflexes. In Britain, it was normal to leave the body suspended for an hour to ensure death. After death, the body typically shows marks of suspension: bruising and rope marks on the neck. Sphincters will relax spontaneously and urine and faeces will be evacuated. Forensic experts may often be able to tell if hanging is suicide or homicide, as each leaves a distinctive ligature mark. One of the hints they use is the hyoid bone. If broken, it often means the person has been murdered by manual choking. Inverted hanging, the "Jewish" punishment A completely different principle of hanging is to hang the convicted person from his legs, rather than from his neck, either as a form of torture, or as an execution method. In late medieval Germany, this came to be primarily associated with Jewish thieves, called the "Judenstrafe". The jurist Ulrich Tengler, in his highly influential "Layenspiegel" from 1509, describes the procedure as follows, in the section "Von Juden straff": About dragging the Jew to the ordinary execution place between two mad or biting dogs. After dragging, to hang him from his feet by rope or chain at a designated gallows between the dogs, and in such inverted manner to be executed, from life to death Guido Kisch showed that originally, this type of inverted hanging between two dogs was not a punishment specifically for Jews. Esther Cohen writes: The inverted hanging with the accompaniment of two dogs, originally reserved for traitors, was identified from the fourteenth century as the "Jewish execution", being practised in the later Middle Ages in both northern and Mediterranean Europe. The Jewish execution in Germany has been thoroughly studied by G. Kisch, who has argued convincingly that neither the inverted hanging nor the stringing up of dogs or wolves beside the victim were particularly Jewish punishments during the High Middle Ages. They first appeared as Jewish punishments in Germany only towards the end of the thirteenth century, never being recognized as exclusively Jewish penalties. In France the inverted, animal-associated hanging came to be connected with Jews by the later Middle Ages. The inverted hanging of Jews is specifically mentioned in the old customs of Burgundy in the context of animal hanging. The custom, dogs and all, was still in force in Paris shortly before the final expulsion of the Jews in 1394 In Spain 1449, during a mob attack against the Marranos (Jews nominally converted to Christianity), the Jews resisted, but lost and several of them were hanged up by the feet. The first attested German case for a Jew being hanged by the feet is from 1296, in present-day Soultzmatt. Some other historical examples of this type of hanging within the German context are 1 Jew in Hennegau 1326, two Jews hanged in Frankfurt 1444, 1 in Halle in 1462, 1 in Dortmund 1486, 1 in Hanau 1499, 1 in Breslau 1505, 1 in Württemberg 1553, 1 in Bergen 1588, 1 in Öttingen 1611, 1 in Frankfurt 1615 and again in 1661, and 1 condemned to this punishment in Prussia in 1637. The details of the cases vary widely: In the 1444 Frankfurt cases and the 1499 Hanau case, the dogs were dead prior to be hanged, and in the late 1615 and 1661 cases in Frankfurt, the Jews (and dogs) were merely kept in this torture for half an hour, before being garroted from below. In the 1588 Bergen case, all three victims were left hanging till they were dead, ranging from 6 to 8 days after being hung up. In the Dortmund 1486 case, the dogs bit the Jew to death while hanging. In the 1611 Öttingen case, the Jew "Jacob the Tall" thought to blow up the "Deutsche Ordenhaus" with gunpowder after having burgled it. He was strung up between two dogs, and a large fire was made close to him, and he expired after half an hour under this torture. In the 1553 Württemberg case, the Jew chose to convert to Christianity after hanging like this for 24 hours; he was then given the mercy to be hanged in the ordinary manner, from the neck, and without the dogs beside him. In the 1462 Halle case, the Jew Abraham also converted after 24 hours hanging upside down, and a priest went up on a ladder and baptised him. For two more days, Abraham was left hanging, while the priest argued with the city council that a true Christian should not be punished in this way. On the third day, Abraham was granted a reprieve, and was taken down, but died 20 days later in the local hospital having meanwhile suffered in extreme pain. In the 1637 case, where the Jew had murdered a Christian jeweller, the appeal to the empress was successful, and out of mercy, the Jew was condemned to be merely pinched with glowing pincers, have hot lead dripped into his wounds, and then be broken alive on the wheel. Some of the reported cases may be myths, or wandering stories. The 1326 Hennegau case, for example, deviates from the others in that the Jew was not a thief, but was suspected (even though he was a convert to Christianity) of having struck an al fresco painting of Virgin Mary, so that blood had begun to seep down the wall from the painting. Even under all degrees of judicial torture, the Jew denied performing this sacrilegious act, and was therefore exonerated. Then a brawny smith demanded from him a trial by combat, because, supposedly, in a dream the Virgin herself had besought the smith to do so. The court accepted the smith's challenge, he easily won the combat against the Jew, who was duly hanged up by the feet between two dogs. To add to the injury, one let him be slowly roasted as well as hung there. This is a very similar story to one told in France, in which a young Jew threw a lance at the head of a statue of the Virgin, so that blood spurted out of it. There was inadequate evidence for a normal trial, but a frail old man asked for trial by combat, and bested the young Jew. The Jew confessed his crime, and was hung up by his feet between two mastiffs. The features of the earliest attested case, that of a Jewish thief hanged by the feet in Soultzmatt in 1296 are also rather divergent from the rest. The Jew managed, somehow, after he had been left to die to twitch his body in such a manner that he could hoist himself up on the gallows and free himself. At that time, his feet were so damaged that he was unable to escape, and when he was discovered 8 days after he had been hanged, he was strangled to death by the townspeople. As late as in 1699 Celle, the courts were sufficiently horrified at how the Jewish leader of a robber gang (condemned to be hanged in the normal manner), declared blasphemies against Christianity, that they made a ruling on the post mortem treatment of Jonas Meyer. After 3 days, his corpse was cut down, his tongue cut out, and his body was hanged up again, but this time from its feet. The punishment for traitors Guido Kisch writes that the first instance he knows where a person in Germany was hanged up by his feet among two dogs until he died occurred about 1048, some 250 years earlier than the first attested Jewish case. This was a knight called Arnold, who had murdered his lord; the story is contained in Adam of Bremens "History of the Archbishops of Hamburg-Bremen" Another example of a non-Jew who suffered this punishment as a torture, in 1196 Richard, Count of Acerra, was one of those executed by Henry VI in the suppression of the rebelling Sicilians: He [Henry VI] held a general court in Capua, at which he ordered that the count first be drawn behind a horse through the squares of Capua, and then hanged alive head downwards. The latter was still alive after two days when a certain German jester called Leather-Bag [Follis], hoping to please the emperor, tied a large stone to his neck and shamefully put him to death A couple of centuries earlier, in France 991, a viscount Walter nominally owing his allegiance to the French King Hugh Capet chose, on instigation of his wife, to join the rebellion under Odo I, Count of Blois. When Odo found out he had to abandon Melun after all, Walter was duly hanged before the gates, whereas his wife, the fomentor of treason, was hanged by her feet, causing much merriment and jeers from Hugh's soldiers as her clothes fell downwards revealing her naked body, although it is not wholly clear if she died in that manner. Elizabethan maritime law During Queen Elizabeth I's reign, the following was written concerning those who stole a ship from the Royal Navy: If anye one practysed to steale awaye anye of her Majesty's shippes, the captaine was to cause him to be hanged by the heels untill his braines were beaten out against the shippe's sides, and then to be cutt down and lett fall intoe the sea. Hanging by the ribs In 1713, Juraj Jánošík, a legendary Slovak outlaw and folk hero, was sentenced to be hanged from his left rib. He was left to slowly die. The German physician Gottlob Schober (1670-1739), who worked in Russia from 1712, notes that a person could hang from the ribs for about three days prior to expiring, his primary pain being that of extreme thirst. He thought this degree of insensitivity was something peculiar to the Russian mentality. The Dutch overlords in Suriname were also in the habit of hanging a slave from the ribs. John Gabriel Stedman stayed in South America from 1772–77 and described the method as told by a witness: Not long ago, (continued he) I saw a black "man suspended alive from a gallows by the ribs, between which, with a knife, was first made an incision, and then clinched an iron hook with a chain: in this manner he kept alive three days, hanging with his head "and feet downwards, and catching with his tongue the "drops of water (it being in the rainy season) that were "flowing down his bloated breast. Notwithstanding all this, he never complained, and even upbraided a negro "for crying while he was flogged below the gallows, by calling out to him: "You man ?—Da boy fasy? Are you a man? you behave like a boy". Shortly after which he was knocked on the head by the commiserating sentry, who stood over him, with the butt end of his musket. William Blake was specially commissioned to make illustrations to Stedman's narrative. Grammar The proper, traditional past tense and past participle form of the verb "hang", in this sense, is (to be) "hanged". Some dictionaries list only "hung", whereas others show both forms. For example, "people are hanged; meat is hung". 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