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lymphocytes from 80 % of patients with infectious mononucleosis in this study failed to produce macrophage migration-inhibition factor in response to partially purified early antigen of epstein-barr virus or to tetanus toxoid , whereas lymphocytes from normal subjects did produce this lymphokine . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
0,
11
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
286,
296
]
} |
a clear-cut separation of the hypothalamic from the pituitary cause of the insufficiency is neither possible with the lh-rh nor with the trh test . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
30,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
118,
123
]
} |
it is concluded that the main somatostatin-like polypeptide isolated from pigeon pancreas is identical to the mammalian hypothalamic tetradecapeptide somatostatin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
120,
132
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
150,
162
]
} |
purification , amino acid composition and n-terminus of the hypothalamic luteinizing hormone releasing factor ( lrf ) of ovine origin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
60,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone releasing factor",
"pos": [
73,
109
]
} |
a variant of red cell gluta thione reductase , characterized by greater electrophoretic mobility , in creased enzyme activity per unit of hemoglobin , and an autosomal mode of inheritance , has been found in negro populations . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
13,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
138,
148
]
} |
calculations considering the relative rates of reaction of o ( 2 ) and co with red cell hemoglobin and the relative rates of diffusion of the two gases suggest that the true d ( po2 ) should be about 1.2 to 2 times greater than the d ( pco ) or 0.65 to 1.1 per ( minute x mm hg x kg ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red",
"pos": [
79,
82
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
88,
98
]
} |
human islet cell tumor tissue and isolated islets of langerhans from rats incorporated radioactive amino acids in vitro into insulin and a larger acid-alcohol soluble protein which could be separated from insulin by gel filtration . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islets of langerhans",
"pos": [
43,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
205,
212
]
} |
mab b 73.1 , which was produced by immunization of mice with human natural killer cells and which binds to the fc receptor of natural killer cells and granulocytes , reacted exclusively with malignant cells that represent the last two stages of tumor progression , vertical growth phase ( vgp ) primary melanoma and metastatic melanoma . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022688",
"name": "natural killer cells",
"pos": [
67,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0382839",
"name": "receptor",
"pos": [
114,
122
]
} |
a monoclonal antibody , 1b3.1 , was raised against a cloned il-2-dependent t cell line that expresses the t gamma delta t cell receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
75,
81
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "gamma delta t cell receptor",
"pos": [
108,
135
]
} |
growth hormone ( gh ) secretion is mediated by hypothalamic factors , mainly growth hormone releasing factor ( grf ) and somatostatin ( ss ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0037668",
"name": "growth",
"pos": [
77,
83
]
} |
growth hormone ( gh ) secretion is mediated by hypothalamic factors , mainly growth hormone releasing factor ( grf ) and somatostatin ( ss ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
47,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
121,
133
]
} |
the major lhpa neuropeptides , corticotropin-releasing hormone ( crh ) , vasopressin ( avp ) and corticotropin ( acth ) do not only coordinate the neuroendocrine response to stress , but also induce behavioral adaptation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "lhpa",
"pos": [
10,
14
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
31,
62
]
} |
it is also possible that retinoids used in vivo in clinical practice may modulate the metabolism of the connective tissue matrix of basement membranes , i.e . type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "of",
"pos": [
97,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
159,
175
]
} |
all of the eta in a t-cell is found in association with the rest of the components of the t-cell receptor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
20,
26
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t-cell receptor",
"pos": [
90,
105
]
} |
in situ hybridization reveals temporal and spatial changes in cellular expression of mrna for a laminin receptor , laminin , and basement membrane ( type iv ) collagen in the developing kidney . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
129,
146
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type",
"pos": [
149,
153
]
} |
the absence of basement membrane components was confirmed by immunofluorescence staining for laminin and type iv collagen and by electron microscopy . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
15,
32
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
105,
121
]
} |
ultrastructural localizations of beta-microseminoprotein , a prostate-specific antigen , in human prostate and sperm : comparison with gamma-seminoprotein , another prostate-specific antigen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate",
"pos": [
61,
69
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "prostate-specific antigen",
"pos": [
165,
190
]
} |
in normal , hypertrophic , and neoplastic prostate glands , beta-microseminoprotein was found in glandular epithelium but not in stroma cells . beta-microseminoprotein may be as useful as gamma-seminoprotein in the pathologic examination of prostatic diseases , especially in histogenic classification of tumors or metastatic tumors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate glands",
"pos": [
42,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0525289",
"name": "beta-microseminoprotein",
"pos": [
144,
167
]
} |
in normal , hypertrophic , and neoplastic prostate glands , beta-microseminoprotein was found in glandular epithelium but not in stroma cells . beta-microseminoprotein may be as useful as gamma-seminoprotein in the pathologic examination of prostatic diseases , especially in histogenic classification of tumors or metastatic tumors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostate glands",
"pos": [
42,
57
]
} | {
"id": "C0138741",
"name": "gamma-seminoprotein",
"pos": [
188,
207
]
} |
using sephadex g-75 chromatography , hypothalamic extracts at day 100 , days 122-135 and day 140 eluted with a single peak of immunoreactivity which corresponded to synthetic ovine crf ( 1-41 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
37,
49
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf",
"pos": [
181,
184
]
} |
one hundred thousand clones from a lambda gt 11 human thyroid cdna library were screened using a rabbit antibody to human thyroglobulin at a 1:2000 dilution . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
54,
61
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
122,
135
]
} |
8l:16d ) was characterized by a decrease in pituitary prolactin content within 1 week and an increase in hypothalamic lhrh content , in the size of the lhrh perikarya and in the intensity of immunostaining in the median eminence in 4-6 weeks . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
105,
117
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
152,
156
]
} |
hypothalamic lhrh content eventually declined and lhrh immunostaining in the median eminence was much reduced in fully photorefractory starlings maintained under long days . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
0,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
50,
54
]
} |
release of acth from pituitary fragments incubated in vitro was stimulated in a dose-related manner by caffeine ( 0.01-10 mmol/l ) , and the responses to hypothalamic extract and sub-maximal concentrations of corticotrophin-releasing factor ( crf-41 ) or arginine vasopressin ( avp ) , but not camp , were significantly enhanced by 10 mmol caffeine/l . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
154,
166
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "crf-41",
"pos": [
243,
249
]
} |
the augmented response was exclusively mediated by macrophages and was manifest after 4 h incubation with ifn-alpha/beta , peaked after 8 h and gradually declined to near background levels after 24 h . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024432",
"name": "mediated",
"pos": [
39,
47
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "ifn",
"pos": [
106,
109
]
} |
sixteen malignant fibrous histiocytomas ( mfh ) and ten benign fibrous histiocytomas of the skin were studied immunohistochemically for the distribution of two basement membrane ( bm ) proteins , laminin and type iv collagen , in order to evaluate their cellular nature . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
160,
177
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
208,
215
]
} |
basement membrane collagen in the kidney : regional localization of novel chains related to collagen iv . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
0,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen iv",
"pos": [
92,
103
]
} |
the affinity-purified antiserum did not cross-react with other basement membrane proteins like laminin , fibronectin , or collagen type iv . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
63,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen type iv",
"pos": [
122,
138
]
} |
independent of the extent of hspg staining the basement membranes of all different tissues tested reacted strongly with an antiserum against type iv collagen . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membranes",
"pos": [
47,
65
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv",
"pos": [
141,
148
]
} |
in in vitro incubations of red blood cell suspensions or hemoglobin preparations with glucose , pi proportionally increased the rate of labile or stable hba1c synthesis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red blood cell",
"pos": [
27,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
57,
67
]
} |
a monoclonal antigen-binding t cell immunoprotein : antigenic relatedness to t cell receptor beta chain fr1 v and j peptide segments : physicochemical distinctiveness from classical immunoglobulins and t cell receptor heterodimers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
29,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
202,
217
]
} |
the purified molecule has a blocked n-terminus , but quantitative statistical analysis of its amino acid composition indicates a closer relatedness to t cell receptor beta chains and other antigen-binding t cell products , than it has to alpha , gamma or delta tcr chains . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t",
"pos": [
0,
1
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
261,
264
]
} |
trophozoites of plasmodium falciparum obtain free amino acids for protein synthesis by degrading host erythrocyte hemoglobin in an acidic food vacuole . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
102,
113
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
114,
124
]
} |
we report here the mls 2a/3a mediated elimination of t cells expressing a transgene encoded v beta 3-segment , in t-cell receptor alpha/beta and beta-transgenic mice . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
53,
60
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "t-cell receptor alpha/beta",
"pos": [
114,
140
]
} |
nevertheless , some developing t-cells that do not rearrange the alpha-loci may express the beta delta tcr as described here . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cells",
"pos": [
31,
38
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
103,
106
]
} |
many t cells in the epidermal and intestinal epithelia of mice express tcr composed of gamma/delta heterodimers . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
5,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
71,
74
]
} |
double-staining of hypothalamic sections with somatostatin and vasopressin antisera revealed insulin receptor-like immunoreactivity on a subpopulation of somatostatin neurons in the periventricular region and on vasopressin neurons in the supraoptic nucleus . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
19,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
154,
166
]
} |
the t cell clones are first selected for their cd8- cd4-phenotype and then for their ability to react with the monoclonal antibody anti-cd3 without presenting reactivity with a monoclonal antibody directed against the tcr alpha beta . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
4,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "tcr alpha",
"pos": [
218,
227
]
} |
skeletal muscle growth , muscle nucleic acids and muscle protein synthesis capacity , were measured to evaluate the protein requirement of adult rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0026845",
"name": "muscle",
"pos": [
9,
15
]
} | {
"id": "C0026832",
"name": "muscle protein",
"pos": [
50,
64
]
} |
no laboratory parameter showed statistically significant changes before or at the time of ascites onset , while significant modifications occurred in four liver indexes ( albumin , total bilirubin , platelet count and gammaglobulin percentage ) during the course of the illness , thus confirming the reliable prognostic value of these laboratory parameters in liver cirrhosis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
155,
160
]
} | {
"id": "C0017007",
"name": "gammaglobulin",
"pos": [
218,
231
]
} |
phosphoenolpyruvate in the rejuvenation of stored red cells in sagm medium : optimal conditions and the indirect effect of methemoglobin formation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
50,
59
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
123,
136
]
} |
under such incubation conditions , the concentrations of 2,3 dpg and adenine nucleotides in red cells stored for 5 weeks were restored to normal without methemoglobin formation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
92,
101
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
153,
166
]
} |
interferon-gamma could be detected in and around some of the lymphocytes , suggesting that paracrine secretion of this lymphokine may occur in the plaque . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
61,
72
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
119,
129
]
} |
pure methemoglobin was prepared from fresh red cells and was used as substrate for methemoglobin reduction reaction . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cells",
"pos": [
43,
52
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
83,
96
]
} |
it is concluded that ( a ) in the red cell , under normal conditions , only the activity of the methemoglobin reductase controls the speed of methemoglobin reduction , and ( b ) the inhibition of methemoglobin reduction by reduced hemoglobin is mostly nonspecific suggesting a noncompetitive reaction . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
34,
42
]
} | {
"id": "C0025635",
"name": "methemoglobin",
"pos": [
196,
209
]
} |
to show that es increased serotonin ( 5-hydroxytryptamine : 5-ht ) secretion into hypothalamic regions known to contain luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lh-rh ) cell bodies and terminals . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
82,
94
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
120,
157
]
} |
major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) -restricted recognition of antigen by t lymphocytes involves the formation of a complex composed of the t cell receptor , antigen , and restricting mhc molecule . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t",
"pos": [
9,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
145,
160
]
} |
moreover , the data suggest that in acromegaly there is a relative functional deficiency of hypothalamic somatostatin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
92,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0037659",
"name": "somatostatin",
"pos": [
105,
117
]
} |
t cell surface membrane molecules known to be involved in ctl-tc interaction ( t cell receptor , cd3 and cd8 ) are present on the membranes of the granule cores and internal vesicles , facing outward . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cell",
"pos": [
0,
6
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "t cell receptor",
"pos": [
79,
94
]
} |
the vast majority of t cells in man and mouse use the alpha/beta form of t cell receptor ( tcr ) , and express either cd4 or cd8 , whereas the small subset of gamma/delta t cells are usually cd4-cd8- . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
21,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0085247",
"name": "alpha/beta",
"pos": [
54,
64
]
} |
the effects of sera obtained from children with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus on cultivated islet cells : cytotoxicity and insulin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
98,
109
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
129,
136
]
} |
preincubation of islet cells with sera from iddm children caused a significant decrease of insulin response to 16.5 mm glucose plus 5 mm theophylline ( p less than 0.001 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
17,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
91,
98
]
} |
the specificity of these mc-icsa has been detected by means of the indirect immunofluorescent technique using primary rat islet cells suspensions , following a procedure of double immunostaining for pancreatic insulin and glucagon . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
122,
133
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
210,
217
]
} |
humoral-mediated cytolytic activity against neonatal rat pancreatic islet cells as well as islets of langerhans was detected in sera of newly diagnosed diabetic bb/ok rats by measurement of enhanced 51cr-release or insulin leakage . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islets of langerhans",
"pos": [
91,
111
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
215,
222
]
} |
recovery was indicated by normalization of blood glucose , serum insulin , insulin secretion and biosynthesis of isolated pancreatic islets and a reenhancement of the pancreatic insulin content from lower than 10 to 30 percent of control values . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
122,
139
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
178,
185
]
} |
the ability of islets of langerhans to release insulin ( iri ) and glucagon ( irg ) after stimulation with glucose and arginine was analyzed by using isolated perfused pancreas of lewis-rats and by using perfused liver three months after syngenic portal islet transplantation . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "of islets",
"pos": [
12,
21
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
47,
54
]
} |
fetal-type leydig cells in prenatal rats were organized in irregularly outlined groups in the interstitium and were extensively surrounded by ultrastructurally identifiable basement membranes and immunocytochemically localized laminin and collagen type iv . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membranes",
"pos": [
173,
191
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen type iv",
"pos": [
239,
255
]
} |
basement-membrane structures , laminin , and collagen type iv were observed between the clustered cells as well . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement-membrane structures",
"pos": [
0,
28
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "collagen type iv",
"pos": [
45,
61
]
} |
basement membrane deposition in benign and malignant naevo-melanocytic lesions : an immunohistochemical study with antibodies to type iv collagen and laminin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0004799",
"name": "basement membrane",
"pos": [
0,
17
]
} | {
"id": "C0009333",
"name": "type iv collagen",
"pos": [
129,
145
]
} |
the inflammatory response and development of arthritis were strongly dependent on t lymphocytes , as evidenced by the following findings : ( i ) lymphocytes released lymphokines that activated macrophages to enhanced mediator release ; | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
84,
95
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
166,
177
]
} |
our results support the conclusion that autocrine ifn-beta is secreted by untreated normal fibroblasts and that tnf can enhance the production of autocrine ifn-beta by increasing the level of ifn-beta mrna . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0016030",
"name": "fibroblasts",
"pos": [
91,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0015980",
"name": "ifn-beta",
"pos": [
192,
200
]
} |
while several workers have identified epidermal growth factor ( egf ) receptors on human thyroid membranes , very few reports have described egf effects on intact human thyroid cells in primary culture , and these were short term studies indicating that egf effects were primarily inhibitory [ reduced iodide uptake and thyroglobulin ( tg ) , t4 , and t3 release ] . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
89,
96
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
320,
333
]
} |
in this study we examined the effects of egf on cultured thyroid cells in regard to thymidine incorporation , tg secretion , and camp production during a 12-day period . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
57,
64
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
110,
112
]
} |
the ability of il-1 to facilitate a change in the capacity of t lymphocytes to produce/secrete lymphokines after in vitro activation does not appear to represent a direct effect of this cytokine on lymphocyte or accessory cell targets because addition of il-1 beta to cultures of ag-primed lymphocytes obtained from normal donors was incapable of altering the pattern of lymphokine production . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocyte",
"pos": [
64,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokine",
"pos": [
371,
381
]
} |
by generating hybridomas with these variant fusion lines , tcr of any normal t lymphocyte , including tcr-gamma/delta , can be studied at a clonal level , without interference of the bw5147-derived receptor chains . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t lymphocyte",
"pos": [
77,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0085246",
"name": "tcr-gamma/delta",
"pos": [
102,
117
]
} |
this steroid is a potent inhibitor of both rat and human prostatic 5 alpha-reductase in-vitro . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
57,
66
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5 alpha-reductase",
"pos": [
67,
84
]
} |
in order to get more information on the molecular structure of the rat prostatic 5 alpha-reductase ( 3-oxo-5 alpha-steroid : nadp+ 4-ene-oxidoreductase , ec 1.3:1.22 ) a systematic photoaffinity labelling study has been performed . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0033572",
"name": "prostatic",
"pos": [
71,
80
]
} | {
"id": "C0039602",
"name": "5 alpha-reductase",
"pos": [
81,
98
]
} |
incubation of human peripheral blood monocytes ( pbm ) with a partially purified thymic preparation , thymosin fraction ( tf5 ) , results in a dose dependent production of an interleukin-1 ( il-1 ) -like factor . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040113",
"name": "thymic",
"pos": [
81,
87
]
} | {
"id": "C0040106",
"name": "thymosin",
"pos": [
102,
110
]
} |
results from these experiments indicate that in the preoptic hypothalamus gnrh transcription initiates from three sites . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
61,
73
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "gnrh",
"pos": [
74,
78
]
} |
the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid ( gaba ) is present in the endocrine part of the pancreas at concentrations comparable to those encountered in the central nervous system , and co-localizes with insulin in pancreatic beta cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine",
"pos": [
83,
92
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
218,
225
]
} |
studies in ovariectomized ( ovex ) rats indicated that the prolonged ovulation-blocking action of ce appeared to be related to a sustained storage and release of e2 in the brain , which in turn suppressed the release of hypothalamic luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) and pituitary luteinizing hormone ( lh ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
220,
232
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone",
"pos": [
233,
270
]
} |
the results showed that lh-rh synthesizing cerebral neurons with terminals in the olfactory bulbs , preoptic area , and mediobasal hypothalamus are involved in the regulation of sexual behavior and the interaction of lh-rh-containing terminals with noradrenergic nerve endings at the level of the preoptic area . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
131,
143
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
217,
222
]
} |
to investigate the role of the cd3 epsilon subunit in signal transduction , we have transfected a murine hybridoma t-cell line with either wild-type or variant human cd3 epsilon cdna that encodes a protein lacking 49 of the 55 cytoplasmic amino acid residues . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t-cell",
"pos": [
115,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0759310",
"name": "cd3 epsilon",
"pos": [
166,
177
]
} |
treatment of t cells with mabs directed against other cell surface molecules , cd2 or hla , does not induce the association of these proteins with the tcr . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
13,
20
]
} | {
"id": "C0034790",
"name": "tcr",
"pos": [
151,
154
]
} |
no thyroid lesions were seen in recipient animals injected either with sera from donors given complete adjuvant without thyroglobulin or with globulin fraction of pooled sera containing early antithyroglobulin antibody obtained on various days from nonthyroidectomized donors . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
3,
10
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
196,
209
]
} |
in rat peritoneal macrophages , engaged in erythrophagocytosis in vitro , endotoxin stimulated heme oxygenase ( ho ) activity , which was additive to the substrate-mediated enzyme induction produced by the ingested erythrocyte hemoglobin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
215,
226
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
227,
237
]
} |
an in vitro system for perifusion of rat pancreatic islets has been utilized to define the effects of cholinergic agents on the dynamics of insulin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islets",
"pos": [
41,
58
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
140,
147
]
} |
blastogenesis of autologous , allogeneic , and syngeneic ( identical twins ) lymphocytes in response to lymphokines generated in dinitrochlorobenzene-sensitive human leukocyte cultures . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0024264",
"name": "lymphocytes",
"pos": [
77,
88
]
} | {
"id": "C0024297",
"name": "lymphokines",
"pos": [
104,
115
]
} |
effects of anti-thrombospondin monoclonal antibodies on the agglutination of erythrocytes and fixed , activated platelets by purified thrombospondin . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
112,
121
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "thrombospondin",
"pos": [
134,
148
]
} |
a monoclonal antibody ( mab ) has been raised against native thrombospondin ( tsp ) , the endogenous lectin of human platelets , that inhibits the hemagglutination of trypsinized , glutaraldehyde-fixed human erythrocytes by purified tsp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
117,
126
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
233,
236
]
} |
another mab , designated c6.7 , also blocks tsp-mediated hemagglutination , yet has no effect on the agglutination of fixed , activated platelets by tsp . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0005821",
"name": "platelets",
"pos": [
136,
145
]
} | {
"id": "C0076560",
"name": "tsp",
"pos": [
149,
152
]
} |
these data suggest androgen feedback is regulated by deceleration of the hypothalamic lhrh pulse generator and direct actions at the level of the adenohypophysis . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
73,
85
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
86,
90
]
} |
sequential bleeding and push-pull perfusion of the hypothalamus were used to characterize luteinizing hormone ( lh ) and lh-releasing hormone ( lhrh ) release in ovariectomized ( ovx ) ewes after injection of corn oil or estradiol benzoate ( eb ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamus",
"pos": [
51,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
144,
148
]
} |
these data demonstrate that hypothalamic lhrh plays an essential role in the acute elevations of plasma gonadotropins following castration in rats . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
28,
40
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
41,
45
]
} |
the predominant response of vmh neurons to lh-rh in acute sham-operated and hyperprolactinemic as well as in chronic sham-operated animals was one of inhibition , while in the chronic hyperprolactinemic animal , the application of lh-rh initiated excitation rather than inhibition . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "vmh",
"pos": [
28,
31
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
231,
236
]
} |
these results provide evidence that chronic ( long-term ) exposure to elevated prolactin levels is a sufficient stimulus to modify the neuronal response pattern of vmh nerve cells to iontophoretically applied lh-rh but not to prolactin nor to da . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "vmh",
"pos": [
164,
167
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lh-rh",
"pos": [
209,
214
]
} |
although uncommon , the differential diagnosis of primary liver lymphoma should be entertained when patients present with solitary ( three cases ) or multiple ( six cases ) liver defects , particularly when alpha-fetoprotein and carcinoembryonic antigen levels are normal . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0023884",
"name": "liver",
"pos": [
58,
63
]
} | {
"id": "C0002210",
"name": "alpha-fetoprotein",
"pos": [
207,
224
]
} |
functional autonomy of the thyroid may account for the finding of low serum tsh and elevated serum tg values in patients with large goitres . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
27,
34
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "tg",
"pos": [
99,
101
]
} |
in this study we investigated the genetic background of primary abnormalities found in the thyroid gland of obese strain ( os ) chickens with spontaneous autoimmune thyroiditis ( sat ) , i.e. , susceptibility to passively transferred antibodies to thyroglobulin ( tgab ) and incomplete suppression of iodine uptake by thyroxine ( t4 ) . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid gland",
"pos": [
91,
104
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
248,
261
]
} |
an apparatus for the automatic recording of precise oxygen equilibrium curves on red cell suspensions , as well as on hemoglobin solutions , is described . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "red cell",
"pos": [
81,
89
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
118,
128
]
} |
another growth factor , fibroblast growth factor , while promoting thyroid cell proliferation also , did not interfere at all with tsh effects on cytoplasmic thyroglobulin mrna content . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0040132",
"name": "thyroid",
"pos": [
67,
74
]
} | {
"id": "C0040123",
"name": "thyroglobulin",
"pos": [
158,
171
]
} |
dna complementary to the rat hypothalamic mrna coding for the corticotropin-releasing factor precursor ( prepro-crf ) has been cloned by screening a cdna library with a human genomic dna probe . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
29,
41
]
} | {
"id": "C0010132",
"name": "corticotropin-releasing factor",
"pos": [
62,
92
]
} |
whether in liver , pancreatic islet or insulin-producing tumoral cell homogenates , glucokinase fails to yield a higher reaction velocity with alpha-than beta-d-glucose . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "pancreatic islet",
"pos": [
19,
35
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
39,
46
]
} |
immunocytochemical and ultrastructural methods have shown four cell types in the endocrine pancreas of the turtle pseudemys scripta elegans : insulin- , glucagon- , somatostatin- , and pancreatic polypeptide-immunoreactive cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "endocrine pancreas",
"pos": [
81,
99
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
142,
149
]
} |
the stimulation of islet cells by non-nutrient secretagogues , e.g . by glibenclamide or in response to an increase in extracellular k+ concentration , decreased cellular ph , indicating that the nutrient-induced increase in cellular ph is not merely a consequence of stimulated ca2+ inflow and/or insulin release . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0022131",
"name": "islet cells",
"pos": [
19,
30
]
} | {
"id": "C0021641",
"name": "insulin",
"pos": [
298,
305
]
} |
multiple mechanisms are involved in these disorders : hyperprolactinemia could act at the hypothalamic level on lhrh secretion and directly on lh and sex steroids secretion . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0020663",
"name": "hypothalamic",
"pos": [
90,
102
]
} | {
"id": "C0023610",
"name": "lhrh",
"pos": [
112,
116
]
} |
the ability of some t cells to form rosettes with autologous b lymphocytes ( trb cells ) appears to be a marker of a subpopulation of t cells , a majority of which have high avidity receptors for sheep red blood cells . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0039194",
"name": "t cells",
"pos": [
20,
27
]
} | {
"id": "C0108773",
"name": "receptors",
"pos": [
182,
191
]
} |
a population of 163 incarcerated delinquents ( 126 males and 37 females aged 12-18 years ) was studied to determine the prevalence of iron deficiency and to compare hemoglobin ( hgb ) , mean corpuscular volume ( mcv ) , serum ferritin ( sf ) , and erythrocyte protoporphyrin/hemoglobin ( ep/hgb ) as predictors of response to iron therapy . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "erythrocyte",
"pos": [
248,
259
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hemoglobin",
"pos": [
275,
285
]
} |
hgb less than or equal to tenth percentile and ep/hgb greater than or equal to 2.5 mu g/g hgb had no false positives . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014792",
"name": "ep/hgb",
"pos": [
47,
53
]
} | {
"id": "C0019046",
"name": "hgb",
"pos": [
90,
93
]
} |
in epidermal keratinocytes , the levels of keratins 5 , 6 , 14 , and 17 decrease and keratins 13 and 19 increase in response to increasing concentrations of a potent synthetic trans-retinoic acid analog , arotinoid ro 13-6298 . | tissue_is_expression_site_of_gene_product | {
"id": "C0014520",
"name": "epidermal",
"pos": [
3,
12
]
} | {
"id": "C1721008",
"name": "keratins 5",
"pos": [
43,
53
]
} |
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