Datasets:
Tasks:
Text Generation
Modalities:
Text
Formats:
json
Sub-tasks:
language-modeling
Size:
1M - 10M
ArXiv:
License:
YAML tags: null | |
annotations_creators: | |
- no-annotation | |
language_creators: | |
- found | |
language: | |
- en | |
- nb | |
- 'no' | |
- nn | |
- sv | |
- da | |
- is | |
- fo | |
license: cc | |
multilinguality: | |
- multilingual | |
pretty_name: NCC | |
size_categories: | |
- 2G<n<1B | |
source_datasets: | |
- original | |
task_categories: | |
- text-generation | |
task_ids: | |
- language-modeling | |
# Dataset Card for NbAiLab/NCC | |
## Table of Contents | |
- [Dataset Description](#dataset-description) | |
- [Dataset Summary](#dataset-summary) | |
- [Data Fields](#data-fiels) | |
- [Dataset Creation](#dataset-creation) | |
- [Statistics](#statistics) | |
- [Document Types](#document-types) | |
- [Languages](#languages) | |
- [Publish Periode](#publish-periode) | |
- [Considerations for Using the Data](#considerations-for-using-the-data) | |
- [Social Impact of Dataset](#social-impact-of-dataset) | |
- [Discussion of Biases](#discussion-of-biases) | |
- [Other Known Limitations](#other-known-limitations) | |
- [Additional Information](#additional-information) | |
- [Dataset Curators](#dataset-curators) | |
- [Licensing Information](#licensing-information) | |
- [Citation Information](#citation-information) | |
## Dataset Description | |
- **Homepage:** https://github.com/NbAiLab/notram | |
- **Repository:** https://github.com/NbAiLab/notram | |
- **Paper:** https://arxiv.org/abs/2104.09617 | |
- **Point of Contact:** [Freddy Wetjen](mailto:[email protected]) | |
--- | |
<div style="border: 2px solid red; padding: 10px; border-radius: 5px;"> | |
### ⚠️ Important Update (December 2024) | |
Previously, newspapers were a significant part of the Norwegian Colossal Corpus (NCC), particularly the newspapers distributed under the so called "Språkbank-avtalen". As of December 2024, at the request of media houses, we have ceased distributing newspapers under this agreement, including the "Norsk Aviskorpus." However, NCC still includes numerous newspapers that are released under more open agreements. | |
</div> | |
--- | |
The Norwegian Colossal Corpus is a collection of multiple smaller Norwegian corpuses suitable for training large language models. We have done extensive cleaning on the datasets, and have made them available in a common format. The total size of the NCC is currently 30GB. The cleaning of the dataset is optimised for encoder models. If you are building a decoder model, it is usually advised to be a bit stricter on the cleaning procedure. We have included meta-data like source, publication year and languaguage confidence to aid this cleaning. | |
## Licenses | |
| Corpus | License | | |
|------------------------|----------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | |
| Library Newspapers | [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) | | |
| Library Books | [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) | | |
| LovData CD | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/) | | |
| Government Reports | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/) | | |
| Parliament Collections | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/) | | |
| Public Reports | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/) | | |
| Målfrid Collection | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/) | | |
| Wikipedia | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) | | |
## How to Use | |
```python | |
from datasets import load_dataset | |
data = load_dataset("NbAiLab/NCC", streaming=True) | |
``` | |
## Download Data | |
If you do not want to use the HuggingFace Dataset-library for training, or if you want to do additional pre-processing, it is also possible to download the files locally. | |
```bash | |
# Clone the training set | |
git clone https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC | |
# Create one large training file of all shards without unpacking | |
cat NCC/data/train*.gz > onefile.json.gz | |
``` | |
<details> | |
<summary>List of all the files.</summary> | |
* [train-shard-0001-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0001-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0002-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0002-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0003-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0003-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0004-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0004-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0005-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0005-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0006-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0006-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0007-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0007-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0008-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0008-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0009-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0009-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0010-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0010-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0011-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0011-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0012-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0012-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0013-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0013-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0014-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0014-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0015-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0015-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0016-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0016-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0017-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0017-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0018-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0018-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0019-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0019-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0020-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0020-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0021-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0021-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0022-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0022-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0023-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0023-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0024-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0024-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0025-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0025-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0026-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0026-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0027-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0027-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0028-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0028-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0029-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0029-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0030-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0030-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0031-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0031-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0032-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0032-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0033-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0033-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0034-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0034-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0035-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0035-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0036-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0036-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0037-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0037-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0038-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0038-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0039-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0039-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0040-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0040-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0041-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0041-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0042-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0042-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0043-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0043-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0044-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0044-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0045-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0045-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [train-shard-0046-of-0046](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/train-shard-0046-of-0046.json.gz) | |
* [validation-shard-0001-of-0001](https://huggingface.co/datasets/NbAiLab/NCC/resolve/main/data/validation-shard-0001-of-0001.json.gz) | |
</details> | |
### Dataset Summary | |
The NCC dataset contains json lines with language training data. Here is an example json line: | |
```json | |
{ | |
"id": "1006205", | |
"doc_type": "cc100", | |
"publish_year": 2021, | |
"lang_fasttext": "nn", | |
"lang_fasttext_conf": "0.641", | |
"text": "Eg har ein PLAN! KOS deg og ha ei fin helg" | |
} | |
``` | |
## Data Fields | |
|**id:** | String with id to source of line and a unique identifier| | |
|:-----------|:------------| | |
|**doc_type** | String describing type of media text extracted from (I.e. book,newspaper etc)| | |
|**publish_year** | Integer. The year text published. When year is undetermined it is set to 2021.| | |
|**lang_fasttext** | String. Language of text identified by FastText| | |
|**lang_fasttext_conf** | String. Confidence calculated by FastText| | |
|**text** | String. The complete utf-8 document. If longer than 1M characters it is split.| | |
### Dataset Creation | |
We are providing a **train** and a **validation** split. The standard size of the validation is a single 650Mb file, while train is sharded in 650Mb chunks. | |
Build date original corpus: 21012022 | |
Build data revised corpus: 10032025 | |
#### Initial Data Collection and Curation | |
The procedure for the dataset creation is described in detail in our papers. | |
### Summary | |
| Words | Documents | Words/Document | | |
|--------------:|------------:|-----------------:| | |
| 4,629,683,886 | 8,176,399 | 566 | | |
### Document Types | |
| Source | Words | Documents | Words/Document | | |
|--------------------------------------:|--------------:|------------:|-----------------:| | |
| parliament | 1,301,766,124 | 9,528 | 136,625 | | |
| books | 861,465,925 | 24,253 | 35,519 | | |
| maalfrid_regjeringen | 368,581,048 | 940,936 | 391 | | |
| maalfrid_ssb | 286,024,843 | 871,262 | 328 | | |
| maalfrid_uio | 186,003,662 | 788,988 | 235 | | |
| government_nb | 136,708,062 | 3,557 | 38,433 | | |
| newspaper_ocr | 129,670,570 | 665,344 | 194 | | |
| wikipedia_download_nbo | 113,329,164 | 535,461 | 211 | | |
| maalfrid_fylkesmannen | 105,197,012 | 473,582 | 222 | | |
| publicreports | 80,064,396 | 3,365 | 23,793 | | |
| maalfrid_nve | 68,194,532 | 308,924 | 220 | | |
| maalfrid_patentstyret | 66,482,941 | 218,930 | 303 | | |
| maalfrid_ntnu | 59,108,734 | 203,770 | 290 | | |
| lovdata_cd_odelsting_2005 | 37,295,277 | 1,987 | 18,769 | | |
| maalfrid_vegvesen | 34,177,216 | 169,998 | 201 | | |
| maalfrid_fhi | 33,541,094 | 147,668 | 227 | | |
| maalfrid_norad | 33,454,343 | 95,191 | 351 | | |
| maalfrid_skatteetaten | 33,313,015 | 84,448 | 394 | | |
| maalfrid_uib | 29,049,822 | 118,328 | 245 | | |
| wikipedia_download_nno | 27,663,552 | 146,512 | 188 | | |
| maalfrid_forskningsradet | 24,647,599 | 75,104 | 328 | | |
| maalfrid_nasjonalparkstyre | 21,795,981 | 95,990 | 227 | | |
| government_nn | 18,610,692 | 1,091 | 17,058 | | |
| maalfrid_nmbu | 18,493,389 | 71,320 | 259 | | |
| maalfrid_oslomet | 18,140,360 | 48,140 | 376 | | |
| maalfrid_domstol | 17,073,430 | 52,233 | 326 | | |
| maalfrid_banenor | 16,805,767 | 71,933 | 233 | | |
| maalfrid_nav | 16,651,084 | 75,792 | 219 | | |
| maalfrid_landbruksdirektoratet | 13,398,273 | 49,021 | 273 | | |
| maalfrid_helsedirektoratet | 13,312,827 | 50,476 | 263 | | |
| maalfrid_nokut | 10,332,870 | 39,426 | 262 | | |
| maalfrid_hi | 10,272,572 | 39,923 | 257 | | |
| maalfrid_norges-bank | 10,135,291 | 37,988 | 266 | | |
| maalfrid_udir | 10,102,549 | 39,632 | 254 | | |
| maalfrid_vkm | 10,041,892 | 32,960 | 304 | | |
| maalfrid_nbim | 9,841,446 | 18,532 | 531 | | |
| maalfrid_miljodirektoratet | 9,704,590 | 35,482 | 273 | | |
| maalfrid_distriktssenteret | 9,598,023 | 39,415 | 243 | | |
| maalfrid_ngu | 9,454,229 | 35,414 | 266 | | |
| maalfrid_ptil | 9,416,592 | 35,024 | 268 | | |
| maalfrid_nord | 9,192,052 | 45,786 | 200 | | |
| maalfrid_fiskeridir | 8,482,774 | 34,167 | 248 | | |
| maalfrid_hivolda | 7,993,548 | 27,057 | 295 | | |
| maalfrid_difi | 7,971,205 | 36,605 | 217 | | |
| maalfrid_mattilsynet | 7,663,012 | 27,614 | 277 | | |
| maalfrid_havarikommisjonen | 7,607,533 | 25,552 | 297 | | |
| maalfrid_kulturradet | 7,364,355 | 22,951 | 320 | | |
| maalfrid_ks | 7,065,314 | 28,029 | 252 | | |
| maalfrid_kystverket | 6,870,772 | 31,694 | 216 | | |
| maalfrid_udi | 6,566,701 | 19,529 | 336 | | |
| maalfrid_uia | 6,094,660 | 24,397 | 249 | | |
| maalfrid_hjelpemiddeldatabasen | 6,029,923 | 34,946 | 172 | | |
| maalfrid_khrono | 5,993,140 | 20,431 | 293 | | |
| maalfrid_helsetilsynet | 5,913,602 | 18,721 | 315 | | |
| maalfrid_moreforsk | 5,755,447 | 22,089 | 260 | | |
| maalfrid_jernbanedirektoratet | 5,589,074 | 22,150 | 252 | | |
| maalfrid_veiviseren | 5,438,472 | 18,441 | 294 | | |
| lovdata_cd_somb_rundskriv_2005 | 5,400,486 | 3,284 | 1,644 | | |
| maalfrid_dsb | 5,312,625 | 18,200 | 291 | | |
| lovdata_cd_sentrale_forskrifter_2005 | 5,178,059 | 11,745 | 440 | | |
| maalfrid_husbanken | 4,810,203 | 15,375 | 312 | | |
| maalfrid_legemiddelverket | 4,795,154 | 20,634 | 232 | | |
| maalfrid_vetinst | 4,776,782 | 14,839 | 321 | | |
| maalfrid_imdi | 4,744,408 | 15,642 | 303 | | |
| maalfrid_forsvarsbygg | 4,672,409 | 19,287 | 242 | | |
| maalfrid_sdir | 4,640,185 | 15,547 | 298 | | |
| maalfrid_konkurransetilsynet | 4,618,590 | 12,912 | 357 | | |
| maalfrid_arkivverket | 4,603,524 | 16,899 | 272 | | |
| maalfrid_dsa | 4,595,530 | 16,242 | 282 | | |
| maalfrid_hiof | 4,580,991 | 23,675 | 193 | | |
| maalfrid_ehelse | 4,478,908 | 23,074 | 194 | | |
| maalfrid_inn | 4,420,070 | 26,840 | 164 | | |
| maalfrid_klagenemndssekretariatet | 4,287,067 | 12,208 | 351 | | |
| maalfrid_sprakradet | 4,180,404 | 15,521 | 269 | | |
| maalfrid_nhh | 4,063,920 | 16,068 | 252 | | |
| maalfrid_dibk | 4,058,208 | 15,855 | 255 | | |
| maalfrid_kartverket | 3,814,376 | 19,110 | 199 | | |
| maalfrid_riksrevisjonen | 3,783,728 | 11,216 | 337 | | |
| maalfrid_toll | 3,595,842 | 14,122 | 254 | | |
| maalfrid_nibio | 3,531,231 | 17,464 | 202 | | |
| maalfrid_met | 3,528,846 | 18,689 | 188 | | |
| maalfrid_bufdir | 3,425,362 | 11,720 | 292 | | |
| maalfrid_artsdatabanken | 3,275,378 | 9,242 | 354 | | |
| maalfrid_politiet | 3,239,913 | 10,728 | 302 | | |
| maalfrid_nkom | 3,197,196 | 10,214 | 313 | | |
| maalfrid_vestlandfylke | 3,127,665 | 12,337 | 253 | | |
| maalfrid_uis | 2,988,424 | 10,045 | 297 | | |
| maalfrid_sykkelbynettverket | 2,880,916 | 12,086 | 238 | | |
| maalfrid_nlr | 2,702,753 | 16,178 | 167 | | |
| maalfrid_seniorporten | 2,672,667 | 8,295 | 322 | | |
| maalfrid_npd | 2,657,179 | 10,989 | 241 | | |
| maalfrid_custompublish | 2,493,062 | 9,404 | 265 | | |
| maalfrid_aldringoghelse | 2,475,601 | 6,927 | 357 | | |
| maalfrid_bioteknologiradet | 2,450,272 | 6,135 | 399 | | |
| maalfrid_nyemetoder | 2,426,982 | 10,999 | 220 | | |
| maalfrid_arbeidstilsynet | 2,426,255 | 7,030 | 345 | | |
| maalfrid_riksantikvaren | 2,300,159 | 8,933 | 257 | | |
| maalfrid_sjt | 2,292,578 | 11,455 | 200 | | |
| lovdata_cd_lokaleforskrifter_2005 | 2,233,543 | 22,824 | 97 | | |
| maalfrid_hvl | 2,194,063 | 9,604 | 228 | | |
| maalfrid_luftfartstilsynet | 2,149,215 | 10,092 | 212 | | |
| maalfrid_dfo | 2,123,797 | 9,384 | 226 | | |
| maalfrid_ldo | 2,093,301 | 7,471 | 280 | | |
| maalfrid_kompetansenorge | 1,997,363 | 10,496 | 190 | | |
| maalfrid_forbrukerradet | 1,992,302 | 7,493 | 265 | | |
| maalfrid_himolde | 1,959,626 | 10,200 | 192 | | |
| maalfrid_usn | 1,828,928 | 7,553 | 242 | | |
| lovdata_cd_norgeslover_2005 | 1,802,578 | 1,419 | 1,270 | | |
| maalfrid_naku | 1,786,086 | 5,328 | 335 | | |
| maalfrid_medietilsynet | 1,648,462 | 6,758 | 243 | | |
| maalfrid_matematikksenteret | 1,608,332 | 7,474 | 215 | | |
| maalfrid_diku | 1,579,996 | 6,383 | 247 | | |
| maalfrid_forskningsetikk | 1,573,014 | 5,653 | 278 | | |
| maalfrid_godeidrettsanlegg | 1,539,910 | 6,252 | 246 | | |
| maalfrid_dirmin | 1,500,122 | 5,427 | 276 | | |
| maalfrid_diskrimineringsnemnda | 1,498,443 | 4,270 | 350 | | |
| maalfrid_naturfag | 1,481,316 | 6,108 | 242 | | |
| maalfrid_arbeidsretten | 1,473,299 | 4,864 | 302 | | |
| lovdata_cd_rtv_rundskriv_2005 | 1,392,547 | 9,831 | 141 | | |
| maalfrid_fellesstudentsystem | 1,392,117 | 10,553 | 131 | | |
| maalfrid_nupi | 1,322,743 | 5,628 | 235 | | |
| maalfrid_kriminalitetsforebygging | 1,223,976 | 4,769 | 256 | | |
| maalfrid_anskaffelser | 1,214,995 | 5,602 | 216 | | |
| maalfrid_folketrygdfondet | 1,212,747 | 4,347 | 278 | | |
| maalfrid_miljopakken | 1,195,869 | 5,634 | 212 | | |
| maalfrid_nih | 1,146,471 | 5,415 | 211 | | |
| lovdata_cd_skatt_rundskriv_2005 | 1,138,339 | 411 | 2,769 | | |
| maalfrid_statsbygg | 1,125,666 | 4,520 | 249 | | |
| maalfrid_nb | 1,085,457 | 4,251 | 255 | | |
| maalfrid_unit | 1,072,199 | 6,476 | 165 | | |
| maalfrid_npolar | 1,071,381 | 2,708 | 395 | | |
| maalfrid_valgdirektoratet | 1,028,381 | 9,316 | 110 | | |
| maalfrid_barneombudet | 1,001,224 | 2,863 | 349 | | |
| maalfrid_datatilsynet | 990,582 | 3,018 | 328 | | |
| maalfrid_lottstift | 985,351 | 3,676 | 268 | | |
| maalfrid_aho | 977,116 | 4,637 | 210 | | |
| maalfrid_sykehuspartner | 961,362 | 4,693 | 204 | | |
| maalfrid_naturfagsenteret | 922,174 | 3,957 | 233 | | |
| maalfrid_khio | 869,917 | 3,457 | 251 | | |
| maalfrid_spesialenheten | 845,989 | 2,188 | 386 | | |
| maalfrid_xn--miljlftet-o8ab | 822,783 | 3,468 | 237 | | |
| maalfrid_samordnaopptak | 805,644 | 2,415 | 333 | | |
| maalfrid_helsenorge | 802,003 | 3,116 | 257 | | |
| maalfrid_skrivesenteret | 793,053 | 4,250 | 186 | | |
| maalfrid_mareano | 784,843 | 3,821 | 205 | | |
| maalfrid_fiskeridirektoratet | 772,720 | 2,499 | 309 | | |
| maalfrid_sykehusinnkjop | 754,616 | 4,440 | 169 | | |
| maalfrid_matportalen | 641,663 | 2,413 | 265 | | |
| maalfrid_spk | 621,687 | 2,181 | 285 | | |
| maalfrid_pasientsikkerhetsprogrammet | 610,855 | 4,796 | 127 | | |
| maalfrid_justervesenet | 607,767 | 1,946 | 312 | | |
| maalfrid_nhn | 594,591 | 3,665 | 162 | | |
| maalfrid_sshf | 589,448 | 1,950 | 302 | | |
| maalfrid_bibliotekutvikling | 573,724 | 3,295 | 174 | | |
| maalfrid_nysgjerrigper | 572,860 | 3,088 | 185 | | |
| maalfrid_nodnett | 549,483 | 2,743 | 200 | | |
| maalfrid_giek | 525,782 | 1,840 | 285 | | |
| maalfrid_une | 524,664 | 1,281 | 409 | | |
| maalfrid_samas | 512,469 | 2,610 | 196 | | |
| maalfrid_kriminalomsorgen | 506,869 | 1,990 | 254 | | |
| maalfrid_kjonnsforskning | 495,072 | 1,464 | 338 | | |
| lovdata_cd_rundskriv_lovavdeling_2005 | 482,605 | 419 | 1,151 | | |
| maalfrid_kunstkultursenteret | 478,748 | 1,460 | 327 | | |
| maalfrid_nynorsksenteret | 472,484 | 2,147 | 220 | | |
| maalfrid_ceres | 457,001 | 1,988 | 229 | | |
| maalfrid_stami | 456,707 | 1,190 | 383 | | |
| maalfrid_nsm | 452,597 | 1,573 | 287 | | |
| maalfrid_gjenopptakelse | 430,682 | 1,501 | 286 | | |
| maalfrid_nfi | 430,469 | 1,557 | 276 | | |
| maalfrid_nidsenter | 416,329 | 1,657 | 251 | | |
| maalfrid_nasjonalmuseet | 396,739 | 1,106 | 358 | | |
| maalfrid_forbrukertilsynet | 395,317 | 1,252 | 315 | | |
| maalfrid_natursekken | 389,147 | 3,657 | 106 | | |
| maalfrid_fordelingsutvalget | 362,923 | 1,416 | 256 | | |
| maalfrid_digdir | 358,558 | 2,159 | 166 | | |
| maalfrid_forsvaret | 339,218 | 1,243 | 272 | | |
| maalfrid_beccle | 337,729 | 1,554 | 217 | | |
| maalfrid_romsenter | 335,107 | 1,154 | 290 | | |
| maalfrid_geonorge | 306,914 | 1,658 | 185 | | |
| maalfrid_universell | 269,369 | 2,206 | 122 | | |
| maalfrid_ovf | 267,941 | 950 | 282 | | |
| maalfrid_forbrukereuropa | 264,366 | 1,043 | 253 | | |
| maalfrid_politihogskolen | 264,192 | 1,253 | 210 | | |
| maalfrid_vinmonopolet | 250,998 | 689 | 364 | | |
| maalfrid_energimerking | 243,288 | 1,061 | 229 | | |
| maalfrid_ombudsmann | 235,226 | 432 | 544 | | |
| maalfrid_vea-fs | 231,109 | 1,293 | 178 | | |
| maalfrid_traumebevisst | 228,320 | 2,482 | 91 | | |
| maalfrid_npe | 208,768 | 1,018 | 205 | | |
| maalfrid_pkh | 206,925 | 814 | 254 | | |
| maalfrid_opplaringslovutvalget | 198,545 | 561 | 353 | | |
| maalfrid_helfo | 197,334 | 1,005 | 196 | | |
| maalfrid_regionaleforskningsfond | 191,416 | 1,010 | 189 | | |
| maalfrid_nafkam | 180,622 | 582 | 310 | | |
| maalfrid_jernbanemagasinet | 178,723 | 422 | 423 | | |
| maalfrid_polarhistorie | 176,126 | 393 | 448 | | |
| maalfrid_aasentunet | 165,549 | 543 | 304 | | |
| maalfrid_riksteatret | 161,970 | 809 | 200 | | |
| maalfrid_realfagsloyper | 160,310 | 765 | 209 | | |
| maalfrid_koro | 156,518 | 584 | 268 | | |
| maalfrid_squarespace | 149,259 | 515 | 289 | | |
| maalfrid_politietssikkerhetstjeneste | 146,346 | 478 | 306 | | |
| maalfrid_unknown | 142,298 | 715 | 199 | | |
| maalfrid_whocc | 122,839 | 664 | 184 | | |
| maalfrid_konfliktraadet | 122,030 | 379 | 321 | | |
| maalfrid_okokrim | 119,794 | 381 | 314 | | |
| maalfrid_brreg | 115,114 | 583 | 197 | | |
| maalfrid_riksmekleren | 113,287 | 570 | 198 | | |
| maalfrid_sismo | 112,976 | 316 | 357 | | |
| maalfrid_akkreditert | 101,275 | 513 | 197 | | |
| maalfrid_sivilforsvaret | 101,178 | 528 | 191 | | |
| maalfrid_radetfordyreetikk | 100,021 | 446 | 224 | | |
| maalfrid_lanekassen | 97,196 | 309 | 314 | | |
| maalfrid_digidel | 96,967 | 621 | 156 | | |
| maalfrid_uit | 92,451 | 612 | 151 | | |
| maalfrid_generaladvokaten | 91,998 | 297 | 309 | | |
| maalfrid_nyinorge | 90,938 | 204 | 445 | | |
| maalfrid_lokforerskolen | 90,255 | 478 | 188 | | |
| maalfrid_varsom | 87,050 | 576 | 151 | | |
| maalfrid_ffi | 82,147 | 224 | 366 | | |
| maalfrid_kulturminnefondet | 81,683 | 424 | 192 | | |
| maalfrid_unesco | 78,677 | 388 | 202 | | |
| maalfrid_yrkesfisker | 76,760 | 512 | 149 | | |
| maalfrid_dekom | 74,066 | 1,331 | 55 | | |
| maalfrid_omsorgsforskning | 73,528 | 332 | 221 | | |
| maalfrid_lektor2 | 70,477 | 561 | 125 | | |
| maalfrid_openaccess | 65,385 | 197 | 331 | | |
| maalfrid_ssn | 64,111 | 308 | 208 | | |
| maalfrid_lokalhistorie | 61,885 | 250 | 247 | | |
| maalfrid_laudim | 59,669 | 402 | 148 | | |
| maalfrid_nlb | 58,927 | 206 | 286 | | |
| maalfrid_riksadvokaten | 57,938 | 156 | 371 | | |
| maalfrid_denkulturelleskolesekken | 46,768 | 248 | 188 | | |
| maalfrid_sivilrett | 45,214 | 145 | 311 | | |
| maalfrid_htu | 43,778 | 171 | 256 | | |
| maalfrid_yr | 41,565 | 575 | 72 | | |
| maalfrid_informasjonskompetanse | 40,989 | 334 | 122 | | |
| maalfrid_finansportalen | 40,333 | 187 | 215 | | |
| maalfrid_dep | 38,882 | 126 | 308 | | |
| maalfrid_kulturped | 37,718 | 99 | 380 | | |
| maalfrid_feide | 37,583 | 274 | 137 | | |
| maalfrid_fug | 35,253 | 123 | 286 | | |
| maalfrid_kulturoghelse | 34,762 | 189 | 183 | | |
| maalfrid_helseklage | 33,612 | 127 | 264 | | |
| maalfrid_nbsk | 31,334 | 215 | 145 | | |
| maalfrid_matogindustri | 31,232 | 207 | 150 | | |
| maalfrid_sinn | 28,114 | 154 | 182 | | |
| maalfrid_transport21 | 25,691 | 91 | 282 | | |
| maalfrid_vergemal | 24,189 | 80 | 302 | | |
| maalfrid_konkursradet | 24,072 | 78 | 308 | | |
| maalfrid_norec | 22,496 | 78 | 288 | | |
| maalfrid_pts | 21,346 | 81 | 263 | | |
| maalfrid_nasjonaleturistveger | 20,237 | 111 | 182 | | |
| maalfrid_hjelpelinjen | 19,476 | 86 | 226 | | |
| maalfrid_iearth | 19,418 | 150 | 129 | | |
| maalfrid_russamtalen | 19,035 | 69 | 275 | | |
| maalfrid_xn--kvinneligomskjring-1ub | 18,607 | 79 | 235 | | |
| maalfrid_memu | 17,820 | 101 | 176 | | |
| maalfrid_nynorskbok | 17,769 | 98 | 181 | | |
| maalfrid_regjeringsadvokaten | 17,416 | 55 | 316 | | |
| maalfrid_xn--forskerfr-t8a | 16,827 | 177 | 95 | | |
| maalfrid_xn--tilbakefring-2jb | 15,814 | 49 | 322 | | |
| maalfrid_ringerikefengsel | 15,669 | 28 | 559 | | |
| maalfrid_skattefunn | 15,625 | 54 | 289 | | |
| maalfrid_skeivtarkiv | 15,537 | 69 | 225 | | |
| maalfrid_fordelingsutvalet | 15,473 | 35 | 442 | | |
| maalfrid_samfunnskunnskap | 15,110 | 60 | 251 | | |
| maalfrid_shiprep | 14,632 | 146 | 100 | | |
| maalfrid_sevuppt | 14,087 | 55 | 256 | | |
| maalfrid_haldenfengsel | 13,655 | 38 | 359 | | |
| maalfrid_forbrukerklageutvalget | 13,472 | 51 | 264 | | |
| maalfrid_mhfa | 12,591 | 146 | 86 | | |
| maalfrid_ah | 11,787 | 36 | 327 | | |
| maalfrid_nettvett | 11,353 | 44 | 258 | | |
| maalfrid_uh-it | 11,158 | 281 | 39 | | |
| maalfrid_fishgen | 10,318 | 29 | 355 | | |
| maalfrid_designavgang | 10,164 | 75 | 135 | | |
| maalfrid_global | 9,363 | 43 | 217 | | |
| maalfrid_valg | 8,797 | 48 | 183 | | |
| maalfrid_havmiljo | 8,734 | 69 | 126 | | |
| maalfrid_altinn | 7,945 | 50 | 158 | | |
| maalfrid_miljoklagenemnda | 7,797 | 35 | 222 | | |
| maalfrid_spinn-inn | 7,699 | 48 | 160 | | |
| maalfrid_kantinekurset | 7,397 | 54 | 136 | | |
| maalfrid_bastoyfengsel | 7,142 | 56 | 127 | | |
| maalfrid_norskpetroleum | 6,107 | 120 | 50 | | |
| maalfrid_voldsoffererstatning | 6,079 | 27 | 225 | | |
| maalfrid_musikkbasertmiljobehandling | 5,186 | 39 | 132 | | |
| maalfrid_prosjektveiviseren | 5,154 | 15 | 343 | | |
| maalfrid_aldersvennlig | 4,919 | 32 | 153 | | |
| maalfrid_barentswatch | 4,829 | 32 | 150 | | |
| maalfrid_fmfiavo@fylkesmannen | 4,740 | 69 | 68 | | |
| maalfrid_kk-utvalget | 4,697 | 19 | 247 | | |
| maalfrid_agropub | 4,434 | 17 | 260 | | |
| maalfrid_utdanningiverden | 4,369 | 14 | 312 | | |
| maalfrid_overgangsbolig | 3,862 | 36 | 107 | | |
| maalfrid_forsvaretsmuseer | 3,840 | 35 | 109 | | |
| maalfrid_okopark | 3,282 | 12 | 273 | | |
| maalfrid_pst | 2,866 | 14 | 204 | | |
| maalfrid_sikkerhverdag | 2,786 | 19 | 146 | | |
| maalfrid_arkitektur | 2,436 | 15 | 162 | | |
| maalfrid_velgekte | 2,287 | 10 | 228 | | |
| maalfrid_addlab | 2,109 | 12 | 175 | | |
| maalfrid_romerikefengsel | 2,088 | 19 | 109 | | |
| maalfrid_utdanning | 2,009 | 12 | 167 | | |
| maalfrid_grunderskolen | 1,994 | 7 | 284 | | |
| maalfrid_umb | 1,958 | 9 | 217 | | |
| maalfrid_oslofengsel | 1,756 | 8 | 219 | | |
| maalfrid_hjorteviltregisteret | 1,600 | 5 | 320 | | |
| maalfrid_alleteller | 1,511 | 7 | 215 | | |
| maalfrid_webhuset | 1,409 | 5 | 281 | | |
| maalfrid_lykillinn | 1,349 | 4 | 337 | | |
| maalfrid_kulturfag | 1,215 | 6 | 202 | | |
| maalfrid_unimus | 940 | 4 | 235 | | |
| maalfrid_anleggsregisteret | 928 | 5 | 185 | | |
| maalfrid_mangfoldsprisen | 597 | 3 | 199 | | |
| maalfrid_algae2future | 456 | 8 | 57 | | |
| maalfrid_mammapresenterer | 447 | 2 | 223 | | |
| maalfrid_karriereveiledning | 391 | 27 | 14 | | |
| maalfrid_nodsms | 351 | 4 | 87 | | |
| maalfrid_kildekompasset | 302 | 1 | 302 | | |
| maalfrid_praksisfou | 297 | 1 | 297 | | |
| maalfrid_retttilaalese | 246 | 3 | 82 | | |
| maalfrid_indreostfoldfengsel | 215 | 3 | 71 | | |
| maalfrid_xn--kroppsvingsforskning-gcc | 205 | 2 | 102 | | |
| maalfrid_pahoyden | 154 | 1 | 154 | | |
| maalfrid_norren | 42 | 1 | 42 | | |
### Languages | |
| Language | Words | Documents | Words/Document | | |
|-----------:|--------------:|------------:|-----------------:| | |
| no | 2,899,156,476 | 5,551,136 | 522 | | |
| da | 944,104,161 | 293,767 | 3,213 | | |
| en | 476,390,897 | 1,466,330 | 324 | | |
| nn | 181,310,112 | 492,410 | 368 | | |
| fr | 50,297,424 | 107,935 | 465 | | |
| de | 27,015,612 | 63,782 | 423 | | |
| sv | 16,046,622 | 57,029 | 281 | | |
| es | 8,573,155 | 31,661 | 270 | | |
| fi | 4,792,837 | 16,471 | 290 | | |
| pt | 2,547,144 | 14,952 | 170 | | |
| oc | 2,170,769 | 4,988 | 435 | | |
| nl | 1,911,626 | 7,355 | 259 | | |
| zh | 1,495,995 | 7,797 | 191 | | |
| uk | 1,474,032 | 4,451 | 331 | | |
| ca | 1,390,667 | 3,664 | 379 | | |
| la | 1,282,405 | 531 | 2,415 | | |
| it | 1,280,422 | 6,903 | 185 | | |
| ru | 1,233,667 | 5,880 | 209 | | |
| et | 1,059,537 | 4,042 | 262 | | |
| cs | 935,395 | 4,363 | 214 | | |
| eu | 851,593 | 3,170 | 268 | | |
| pl | 775,420 | 5,240 | 147 | | |
| fa | 503,880 | 2,061 | 244 | | |
| ja | 350,838 | 3,597 | 97 | | |
| is | 311,519 | 1,004 | 310 | | |
| id | 223,591 | 1,297 | 172 | | |
| ar | 212,495 | 1,183 | 179 | | |
| hu | 192,959 | 1,378 | 140 | | |
| vi | 137,056 | 639 | 214 | | |
| so | 131,743 | 605 | 217 | | |
| el | 120,726 | 620 | 194 | | |
| hr | 111,859 | 513 | 218 | | |
| lv | 106,155 | 64 | 1,658 | | |
| sl | 94,417 | 706 | 133 | | |
| tr | 91,459 | 1,051 | 87 | | |
| ro | 80,974 | 446 | 181 | | |
| eo | 80,688 | 506 | 159 | | |
| lt | 67,977 | 581 | 117 | | |
| sr | 66,429 | 793 | 83 | | |
| gl | 65,922 | 594 | 110 | | |
| war | 56,846 | 235 | 241 | | |
| ko | 56,147 | 924 | 60 | | |
| th | 54,677 | 364 | 150 | | |
| am | 46,477 | 327 | 142 | | |
| ceb | 35,679 | 272 | 131 | | |
| ml | 35,503 | 153 | 232 | | |
| sq | 32,258 | 158 | 204 | | |
| tl | 31,094 | 164 | 189 | | |
| kk | 27,819 | 70 | 397 | | |
| mn | 21,540 | 22 | 979 | | |
| sw | 18,629 | 65 | 286 | | |
| pnb | 18,502 | 81 | 228 | | |
| sk | 17,642 | 198 | 89 | | |
| bg | 17,142 | 98 | 174 | | |
| gu | 16,973 | 13 | 1,305 | | |
| ur | 16,017 | 146 | 109 | | |
| sh | 15,007 | 130 | 115 | | |
| mk | 13,479 | 65 | 207 | | |
| ckb | 9,350 | 44 | 212 | | |
| ku | 9,058 | 54 | 167 | | |
| az | 8,003 | 51 | 156 | | |
| ast | 7,910 | 63 | 125 | | |
| uz | 6,883 | 35 | 196 | | |
| ta | 4,177 | 59 | 70 | | |
| ms | 3,817 | 126 | 30 | | |
| fy | 3,579 | 28 | 127 | | |
| hy | 3,478 | 34 | 102 | | |
| pa | 3,283 | 16 | 205 | | |
| hi | 2,812 | 41 | 68 | | |
| bo | 2,551 | 1 | 2,551 | | |
| ht | 2,534 | 11 | 230 | | |
| be | 2,479 | 44 | 56 | | |
| min | 2,155 | 7 | 307 | | |
| jv | 2,067 | 38 | 54 | | |
| cy | 1,993 | 42 | 47 | | |
| su | 1,845 | 24 | 76 | | |
| ps | 1,832 | 15 | 122 | | |
| als | 1,826 | 41 | 44 | | |
| bn | 1,799 | 21 | 85 | | |
| af | 1,706 | 21 | 81 | | |
| bs | 1,524 | 24 | 63 | | |
| nds | 1,492 | 88 | 16 | | |
| qu | 1,484 | 13 | 114 | | |
| my | 1,115 | 16 | 69 | | |
| ga | 972 | 27 | 36 | | |
| mt | 940 | 12 | 78 | | |
| si | 907 | 23 | 39 | | |
| te | 853 | 17 | 50 | | |
| ilo | 801 | 16 | 50 | | |
| km | 690 | 12 | 57 | | |
| io | 689 | 10 | 68 | | |
| tt | 675 | 20 | 33 | | |
| jbo | 621 | 27 | 23 | | |
| gn | 595 | 7 | 85 | | |
| as | 584 | 2 | 292 | | |
| ug | 581 | 6 | 96 | | |
| kv | 562 | 3 | 187 | | |
| br | 553 | 23 | 24 | | |
| kn | 531 | 19 | 27 | | |
| pam | 476 | 1 | 476 | | |
| he | 396 | 14 | 28 | | |
| kw | 329 | 5 | 65 | | |
| ka | 326 | 17 | 19 | | |
| vep | 309 | 15 | 20 | | |
| yo | 261 | 5 | 52 | | |
| ky | 232 | 11 | 21 | | |
| azb | 216 | 1 | 216 | | |
| ba | 203 | 5 | 40 | | |
| wa | 191 | 21 | 9 | | |
| gom | 164 | 9 | 18 | | |
| tg | 129 | 3 | 43 | | |
| ia | 125 | 11 | 11 | | |
| mr | 122 | 6 | 20 | | |
| lmo | 90 | 24 | 3 | | |
| pms | 75 | 10 | 7 | | |
| lb | 68 | 15 | 4 | | |
| rue | 67 | 2 | 33 | | |
| vec | 67 | 3 | 22 | | |
| ne | 51 | 5 | 10 | | |
| hsb | 51 | 2 | 25 | | |
| cbk | 46 | 2 | 23 | | |
| or | 44 | 2 | 22 | | |
| ie | 38 | 5 | 7 | | |
| tk | 36 | 4 | 9 | | |
| eml | 31 | 4 | 7 | | |
| bar | 31 | 3 | 10 | | |
| arz | 31 | 1 | 31 | | |
| sco | 30 | 1 | 30 | | |
| gd | 29 | 2 | 14 | | |
| li | 22 | 3 | 7 | | |
| lrc | 20 | 1 | 20 | | |
| diq | 20 | 2 | 10 | | |
| dsb | 19 | 1 | 19 | | |
| yue | 19 | 1 | 19 | | |
| os | 15 | 2 | 7 | | |
| nah | 14 | 2 | 7 | | |
| mg | 14 | 2 | 7 | | |
| wuu | 14 | 1 | 14 | | |
| sd | 14 | 1 | 14 | | |
| cv | 12 | 1 | 12 | | |
| scn | 9 | 2 | 4 | | |
| bh | 8 | 1 | 8 | | |
| bcl | 8 | 1 | 8 | | |
| new | 4 | 1 | 4 | | |
| ce | 4 | 1 | 4 | | |
| vo | 3 | 2 | 1 | | |
| gv | 3 | 1 | 3 | | |
| frr | 3 | 1 | 3 | | |
| mzn | 3 | 1 | 3 | | |
| lo | 2 | 1 | 2 | | |
### Publish Periode | |
| Decade | Words | Documents | Words/Document | | |
|---------:|--------------:|------------:|-----------------:| | |
| 2020 | 3,640,555,163 | 7,486,987 | 672 | | |
| 2010 | 49,596,905 | 206,107 | 2,383 | | |
| 2000 | 76,215,035 | 89,416 | 10,668 | | |
| 1990 | 122,831,827 | 29,979 | 69,912 | | |
| 1980 | 53,794,156 | 55,215 | 9,877 | | |
| 1970 | 33,995,516 | 55,533 | 6,593 | | |
| 1960 | 35,981,142 | 87,285 | 4,469 | | |
| 1950 | 40,527,060 | 113,384 | 3,597 | | |
| 1940 | 36,906,757 | 42,049 | 15,702 | | |
| 1930 | 36,535,860 | 716 | 507,173 | | |
| 1920 | 52,070,676 | 1,087 | 483,201 | | |
| 1910 | 63,920,279 | 1,255 | 501,227 | | |
| 1900 | 61,593,361 | 1,164 | 525,050 | | |
| 1890 | 88,616,464 | 1,814 | 485,506 | | |
| 1880 | 59,549,399 | 1,087 | 550,945 | | |
| 1870 | 26,541,488 | 634 | 406,854 | | |
| 1860 | 39,854,074 | 710 | 543,956 | | |
| 1850 | 55,078,195 | 864 | 635,165 | | |
| 1840 | 31,307,769 | 534 | 583,077 | | |
| 1830 | 18,377,415 | 374 | 479,400 | | |
| 1820 | 4,821,598 | 147 | 339,040 | | |
| 1810 | 1,013,747 | 58 | 130,214 | | |
### Discussion of Biases | |
Please refer to our papers. | |
### Dataset Curators | |
[Freddy Wetjen](mailto:[email protected]) and [Per Egil Kummervold](mailto:[email protected]) | |
## License | |
Various licences applies to different parts of the corpus. Every document in the corpus has a tag telling what **"doc_type"** it belongs to. If you are unable to accept any of the licenses, you should filter out the **"doc_type"** with a conflicting license. | |
| Doc_type | License | | |
| :-------- | :------------- | | |
| government_nb, government_nn, parliament, publicreports, lovdata_cd_\*, maalfrid_\* | [NLOD 2.0](https://data.norge.no/nlod/en/2.0/)| | |
| newspapers_ocr, newspapers_pdf, books| [CC0 1.0](https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)| | |
| newspapers_online_nb, newspapers_online_nn | [CC BY-NC 2.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/)| | |
| opensubtitles, wikipedia | [CC BY-SA 3.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/) | |
| | |
### Citation Information | |
If you are using the corpus, please refer to the articles below: | |
``` | |
@inproceedings{kummervold-etal-2022-norwegian-colossal, | |
title = {The {N}orwegian colossal corpus: A text corpus for training large {N}orwegian language models}, | |
author = {Kummervold, Per E and | |
Wetjen, Freddy and | |
De la Rosa, Javier}, | |
booktitle = {Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference (LREC)}, | |
year = {2022}, | |
address = {Marseille, France}, | |
publisher = {European Language Resources Association}, | |
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.410}, | |
pages = {3852--3860}, | |
abstract = {Norwegian has been one of many languages lacking sufficient available text to train quality language models. In an attempt to bridge this gap, we introduce the Norwegian Colossal Corpus (NCC), which comprises 49GB of clean Norwegian textual data containing over 7B words. The NCC is composed of different and varied sources, ranging from books and newspapers to government documents and public reports, showcasing the various uses of the Norwegian language in society. The corpus contains mainly Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk. Each document in the corpus is tagged with metadata that enables the creation of sub-corpora for specific needs. Its structure makes it easy to combine with large web archives that for licensing reasons could not be distributed together with the NCC. By releasing this corpus openly to the public, we hope to foster the creation of both better Norwegian language models and multilingual language models with support for Norwegian.}, | |
} | |
@inproceedings{kummervold-etal-2021-operationalizing, | |
title = {Operationalizing a National Digital Library: The Case for a {N}orwegian Transformer Model}, | |
author = {Kummervold, Per E and | |
De la Rosa, Javier and | |
Wetjen, Freddy and | |
Brygfjeld, Svein Arne}, | |
booktitle = {Proceedings of the 23rd Nordic Conference on Computational Linguistics (NoDaLiDa)}, | |
year = {2021}, | |
address = {Reykjavik, Iceland (Online)}, | |
publisher = {Linköping University Electronic Press, Sweden}, | |
url = {https://aclanthology.org/2021.nodalida-main.3}, | |
pages = {20--29}, | |
abstract = {In this work, we show the process of building a large-scale training set from digital and digitized collections at a national library. | |
The resulting Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT)-based language model for Norwegian outperforms multilingual BERT (mBERT) models | |
in several token and sequence classification tasks for both Norwegian Bokmål and Norwegian Nynorsk. Our model also improves the mBERT performance for other | |
languages present in the corpus such as English, Swedish, and Danish. For languages not included in the corpus, the weights degrade moderately while keeping strong multilingual properties. Therefore, | |
we show that building high-quality models within a memory institution using somewhat noisy optical character recognition (OCR) content is feasible, and we hope to pave the way for other memory institutions to follow.}, | |
} | |
``` |