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41026950
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Maximum%20Fighting%20Championship
|
2002 in Maximum Fighting Championship
|
The year 2002 is the 2nd year in the history of the Maximum Fighting Championship, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Canada. In 2002 Maximum Fighting Championship held 4 events beginning with, MFC 3: Canadian Pride.
Events list
MFC 3: Canadian Pride
MFC 3: Canadian Pride was an event held on March 3, 2002 in Grande Prairie, Alberta, Canada.
Results
MFC 4: New Groundz
MFC 4: New Groundz was an event held on June 1, 2002 at the Max Bell Arena in Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Results
MFC 5: Sweet Redemption
MFC 5: Sweet Redemption was an event held on September 21, 2002 at The AgriCom in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Results
MFC: Unplugged
MFC: Unplugged was an event held on November 29, 2002 at The Joint Night Club in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Results
See also
Maximum Fighting Championship
List of Maximum Fighting Championship events
References
Maximum Fighting Championship events
2002 in mixed martial arts
Events in Edmonton
Events in Calgary
|
41026953
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Pancrase
|
2002 in Pancrase
|
The year 2002 is the tenth year in the history of Pancrase, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. In 2002 Pancrase held 12 events beginning with Pancrase: Spirit 1.
Title fights
Events list
Pancrase: Spirit 1
Pancrase: Spirit 1 was an event held on January 27, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 2
Pancrase: Spirit 2 was an event held on February 17, 2002, at Umeda Stella Hall in Osaka, Osaka, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 3
Pancrase: Spirit 3 was an event held on March 25, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 4
Pancrase: Spirit 4 was an event held on May 11, 2002, at Umeda Stella Hall in Osaka, Osaka, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 5
Pancrase: Spirit 5 was an event held on May 28, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: 2002 Neo-Blood Tournament Opening Round
Pancrase: 2002 Neo-Blood Tournament Opening Round was an event held on July 28, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: 2002 Neo-Blood Tournament Second Round
Pancrase: 2002 Neo-Blood Tournament Second Round was an event held on July 28, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 6
Pancrase: Spirit 6 was an event held on August 25, 2002, at Umeda Stella Hall in Osaka, Osaka, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: 2002 Anniversary Show
Pancrase: 2002 Anniversary Show was an event held on September 29, 2002, at the Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 7
Pancrase: Spirit 7 was an event held on October 29, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 8
Pancrase: Spirit 8 was an event held on November 30, 2002, at the Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Results
Pancrase: Spirit 9
Pancrase: Spirit 9 was an event held on December 21, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
See also
Pancrase
List of Pancrase champions
List of Pancrase events
References
Pancrase events
2002 in mixed martial arts
|
41026955
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frank%20Jenssen
|
Frank Jenssen
|
Frank Josef Jenssen (born 11 August 1969) is a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway for Sør-Trøndelag in 2013 and in 2018, he became the first County Governor of the new Trøndelag county.
Career
Jenssen was a local politician in Trondheim for a long time and served as political adviser to mayor Marvin Wiseth. He was State Secretary for Erna Solberg in the Ministry of Local Government and Regional Development from 2003 to 2005. He was the Conservative Party's candidate for mayor in Trondheim in the municipalities elections in 2003 and 2007, but the Labour Party with Rita Ottervik got the position of mayor both times.
He began working in a communication company in 2008 and subsequently became Director of Communication in the Norwegian Labour Inspection Authority.
In the 2013 Norwegian parliamentary election, he was nominated in second spot on the Sør-Trøndelag Conservative Party ballot and got elected as representative number 5 from Sør-Trøndelag. He was a member of the Standing Committee on Local Government and Public Administration.
In 2018, he became the first County Governor of the new Trøndelag county.
References
External links
Frank Jenssen at Høyre.no.
Conservative Party (Norway) politicians
Members of the Storting
Politicians from Trondheim
Norwegian state secretaries
1969 births
Living people
21st-century Norwegian politicians
|
41026960
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Pride%20FC
|
2002 in Pride FC
|
The year 2002 is the 6th year in the history of the Pride Fighting Championships, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. 2002 had 10 events beginning with, Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 1.
Title fights
Debut Pride FC fighters
The following fighters fought their first Pride FC fight in 2002:
Achmed Labasanov
Aji Susilo
Akira Nitagai
Alistair Overeem
Anderson Silva
Andrei Kopylov
Antônio Rogério Nogueira
Bazigit Atajev
Bob Sapp
Daisuke Nakamura
Daniel Gracie
Demetrius Gioulacos
Eiji Mitsuoka
Fatih Kocamis
Fedor Emelianenko
Gilles Arsene
Han Ten Yun
Hidehiko Yoshida
Hidehisa Matsuda
Hiromitsu Kanehara
Hirotaka Yokoi
Jerrel Venetiaan
Joe Son
John Alessio
Jong Wang Kim
Jukei Nakajima
Kazuki Okubo
Ken Orihashi
Kenichi Yamamoto
Kestutis Smirnovas
Kevin Randleman
Kiyoshi Tamura
Kyosuke Sasaki
Lloyd Van Dams
Paulo Filho
Ron Waterman
Rory Singer
Scott Bills
Shinichiro Takamura
Sokun Koh
Steve White
Takahiro Oba
Takashi Sugiura
Tatsuya Iwasaki
Tim Catalfo
Togo Togo
Tomohiko Hashimoto
Xue Do Won
Yoshinori Kawakami
Yoshinori Sasaki
Yuji Hisamatsu
Yuki Sasaki
Yukiya Naito
Yuriy Kochkine
Yushin Okami
Yusuke Imamura
Yutaro Miyamoto
Events list
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 1
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 1 was an event held on February 22, 2002 at the Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pride 19: Bad Blood
Pride 19: Bad Blood was an event held on February 24, 2002 at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan.
Results
Pride 20: Armed and Ready
Pride 20: Armed and Ready was an event held on April 28, 2002 at the Yokohama Arena in Yokohama, Japan.
Results
Pride 21: Demolition
Pride 21: Demolition was an event held on June 23, 2002 at the Saitama Super Arena in Saitama, Japan. This event featured the PRIDE debut of MMA all-time greats Fedor Emelianenko and Anderson Silva.
Results
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 2
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 2 was an event held on July 20, 2002 at the Differ Ariake Arena in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pride FC: Shockwave
Pride FC: Shockwave was an event held on August 28, 2002 at the Tokyo National Stadium in Tokyo, Japan. The event was co-promoted by the PRIDE Fighting Championships and K-1
Results
Pride 22: Beasts from the East 2
Pride 22: Beasts from the East 2 was an event held on September 29, 2002 at the Nagoya Rainbow Hall in Nagoya, Japan. It featured the Pride debut of former UFC Heavyweight Champion Kevin Randleman
Results
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 3
Pride FC: The Best, Vol. 3 was an event held on October 20, 2002 at the Differ Ariake Arena in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pride 23: Championship Chaos 2
Pride 23: Championship Chaos 2 was an event held on November 24, 2002 at the Tokyo Dome in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Pride 24: Cold Fury 3
Pride 24: Cold Fury 3 was an event held on December 23, 2002 at the Marine Messe Fukuoka in Fukuoka, Japan.
Results
See also
Pride Fighting Championships
List of Pride Fighting Championships champions
List of Pride Fighting events
References
Pride Fighting Championships events
2002 in mixed martial arts
|
41026967
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Shooto
|
2002 in Shooto
|
The year 2002 is the 14th year in the history of Shooto, a mixed martial arts promotion based in Japan. In 2002 Shooto held 21 events beginning with, Shooto: Treasure Hunt 1.
Title fights
Events list
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 1
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 1 was an event held on January 12, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 2
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 2 was an event held on January 25, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 3
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 3 was an event held on February 11, 2002, at Kobe Fashion Mart in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig East 8
Shooto: Gig East 8 was an event held on February 28, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 4
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 4 was an event held on March 13, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 5
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 5 was an event held on March 15, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig Central 1
Shooto: Gig Central 1 was an event held on March 31, 2002, at Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Wanna Shooto 2002
Shooto: Wanna Shooto 2002 was an event held on April 14, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Wanna Shooto Japan
Shooto: Wanna Shooto Japan was an event held on April 21, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 6
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 6 was an event held on May 5, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig East 9
Shooto: Gig East 9 was an event held on May 28, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 7
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 7 was an event held on June 29, 2002, at The Kanaoka Park Gymnasium in Sakai, Osaka, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 8
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 8 was an event held on July 19, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 9
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 9 was an event held on July 27, 2002, at The Kitazawa Town Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig East 10
Shooto: Gig East 10 was an event held on August 27, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 10
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 10 was an event held on September 16, 2002, at The Yokohama Cultural Gymnasium in Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig East 11
Shooto: Gig East 11 was an event held on September 25, 2002, at Kitazawa Town Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig Central 2
Shooto: Gig Central 2 was an event held on October 6, 2002, at The Nagoya Civic Assembly Hall in Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Gig West 3
Shooto: Gig West 3 was an event held on October 27, 2002, at The Namba Grand Kagetsu Studio in Osaka, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 11
Shooto: Treasure Hunt 11 was an event held on November 15, 2002, at Korakuen Hall in Tokyo, Japan.
Results
Shooto: Year End Show 2002
Shooto: Year End Show 2002 was an event held on December 14, 2002, at The Tokyo Bay NK Hall in Urayasu, Chiba, Japan.
Results
See also
Shooto
List of Shooto champions
List of Shooto Events
References
Shooto events
2002 in mixed martial arts
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41026977
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20UFC
|
2002 in UFC
|
The year 2002 is the 10th year in the history of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC), a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. In 2002 the UFC held 7 events beginning with, UFC 35: Throwdown.
Title fights
Debut UFC fighters
The following fighters fought their first UFC fight in 2002:
Aaron Riley
Amar Suloev
Andrei Semenov
Benji Radach
Chris Haseman
Genki Sudo
Hayato Sakurai
Ivan Salaverry
James Zikic
Joao Marcos Pierini
Keith Rockel
Kelly Dullanty
Leigh Remedios
Mark Weir
Nick Serra
Paul Creighton
Pete Spratt
Robbie Lawler
Rodrigo Ruas
Tim Sylvia
Travis Wiuff
Wesley Correira
Zach Light
Events list
See also
UFC
List of UFC champions
List of UFC events
References
Ultimate Fighting Championship by year
2002 in mixed martial arts
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41026982
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20Universal%20Reality%20Combat%20Championship
|
2002 in Universal Reality Combat Championship
|
The year 2002 is the 1st year in the history of the Universal Reality Combat Championship, a mixed martial arts promotion based in the Philippines. In 2002 the URCC held 1 event, URCC 1: Mayhem in Manila.
Events list
URCC 1: Mayhem in Manila
URCC 1: Mayhem in Manila was an event held on November 23, 2002 at the Casino Filipino in Parañaque, Metro Manila, Philippines.
Results
See also
Universal Reality Combat Championship
References
Universal Reality Combat Championship events
2002 in mixed martial arts
|
41026991
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20NBB%20season
|
2013–14 NBB season
|
The 2013–14 NBB season was the sixth season of the Novo Basquete Brasil, the Brazilian basketball league. This tournament was organized entirely by the Liga Nacional de Basquete (LNB). The NBB serves as a qualifying competition for international tournaments such as Liga Sudamericana and FIBA Americas League.
Seventeen teams playing each other in the regular season. At the end of the home and away matches round the top four teams qualified for the quarterfinals of the playoffs automatically, while the teams finishing in the 5th and 12th place participated in the first round of the playoffs to determine the other four teams in the quarterfinals, best of five matches, advances to the next phase who win three games.
For this season, the last two regular season placed was relegated to the newly created Liga Ouro, the NBB second division. The Liga Ouro winner receive the right to contest NBB in the next year.
Participating teams
New teams in the league
Macaé Basquete (Promotion Tournament runners-up)
Universo/Goiânia (approved by the LNB)
Teams that left the league
Cia do Terno/Romaço/Joinville (withdrew due to financial troubles)
Tijuca/Rio de Janeiro (Promotion Tournament winner, withdrew due to financial troubles)
Suzano/Cesumar/Campestre (withdrew due to financial troubles)
1Vila Velha was renamed Espírito Santo from this season.
Managerial changes
Regular season
League table
Results
NBB All-Star Weekend
This season, the All-Star Weekend was played at Ginásio Paulo Sarasate in Fortaleza, Ceará on February 21–22, 2014. In the first day of the event, it was disputed the "Dunk Tournament", "Three-Point Tournament", "Skills Challenge" and the newly "Shooting Stars Competition". The NBB All-Star Game was played on the following day and NBB Brasil defeated NBB Mundo for the third straight year (126–116).
Playoffs
First round
(5) Pinheiros vs. (12) Mogi das Cruzes
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
(6) São José vs. (11) Palmeiras
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
(7) Uberlândia vs. (10) Franca
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
(8) Bauru vs. (9) Basquete Cearense
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Quarterfinals
(1) Flamengo vs. (8) Bauru
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
(4) Limeira vs. (12) Mogi das Cruzes
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
Notes
(2) Paulistano vs. (10) Franca
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
(3) Brasília vs. (6) São José
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Notes
Semifinals
(1) Flamengo vs. (12) Mogi das Cruzes
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
(2) Paulistano vs. (6) São José
Game 1
Game 2
Game 3
Game 4
Game 5
Final
Statistical leaders
Individual tournament highs
Points
Rebounds
Assists
Blocks
Steals
Efficiency
Awards
NBB All-Team
Individual awards
MVP – David Jackson (Limeira)
Sixth Player – Hélio Lima (Limeira)
Best Defender – Alex Garcia (Brasília)
Revelation – Henrique Coelho (Minas)
Most Improved Player – Paulão Prestes (Franca)
Coach – Gustavo de Conti (Paulistano)
MVP of the Final – Jerome Meyinsse (Flamengo)
References
External links
2013-14
NBB
Brazil
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41026992
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2002%20in%20WEC
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2002 in WEC
|
The year 2002 is the 2nd year in the history of World Extreme Cagefighting, a mixed martial arts promotion based in the United States. In 2002 WEC held 3 events beginning with, WEC 3: All or Nothing.
Events list
WEC 3: All or Nothing
WEC 3: All or Nothing was an event held on June 7, 2002 at the Tachi Palace in Lemoore, California, United States.
Results
WEC 4: Rumble Under the Sun
WEC 4: Rumble Under the Sun was an event held on August 31, 2002 at the Mohegan Sun Arena in Uncasville, Connecticut.
Results
WEC 5: Halloween Havoc
WEC 5: Halloween Havoc was an event held on October 18, 2002 at the Tachi Palace in Lemoore, California, United States.
Results
See also
World Extreme Cagefighting
List of World Extreme Cagefighting champions
List of WEC events
References
World Extreme Cagefighting events
2002 in mixed martial arts
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41027002
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dallas%20Green%20Monarchs
|
Dallas Green Monarchs
|
The Dallas Green Monarchs were a semipro baseball team in the Negro leagues from 1940-1947 and again in 1953. The team was ostensibly the successor of the Dallas Black Giants which had disbanded after the 1938 season. The 1940s team played the majority of their games at Rebel Field while the 1953 team played at Burnett Field. From 1940-1942, their intracity "rival" was the Dallas Wonders who they played for the city tournament in 1940. The Green Monarchs won the Dixie Negro Semipro tournament in 1947 and advanced to the National Semipro Congress. Chicago Cubs' great Ernie Banks' was a bat boy for the Green Monarchs and his father Eddie Banks was its catcher. Green Monarch Hank "Donkey" Thompson went on to Major League Baseball playing for the New York Giants. The 1953 team played in the North Texas Negro Baseball League. But the 1954 and 1955 Dallas team in that League was the Dallas Bluebirds and the Green Monarchs appear to have been dissolved.
See also
History of the African Americans in Dallas-Fort Worth
References
Negro league baseball teams
Defunct baseball teams in Texas
Baseball teams disestablished in 1953
Baseball teams established in 1940
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41027006
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zdena%20Studenkov%C3%A1
|
Zdena Studenková
|
Zdena Studenková (born May 19, 1954) is a Slovak film and stage actress, and a musical theater singer. She is the holder of the most number of OTO Awards, having won eight times in total.
In addition to performing arts, Studenková is an occasional host and author of literature with four published works, such as two cookbooks and a book featuring her interviews. In 2011, she released a picture book, Moji miláčikovia, for children.
Selected filmography
1975: Kean (TV)
1978: Women's Gossip (TV)
1978: Panna a netvor
1979: Ruy Blas (TV)
1979: Life Is a Dream (TV)
1979: Eugene Onegin (TV)
1979: Cousin Bette (TV, series)
1981: The Misanthrope (TV)
1981: Rembrandt van Rijn (TV, series)
1981: Mojmir II (TV)
1982: I Enjoy the World With You
1982: Clavigo (TV)
1983: Angel in a Devil's Body
1986: Don Carlos (TV, series)
1987: The Miser (theater)
1988: Miss Julie (theater)
1990: Sleeping Beauty
1993: Everything I Like
1998: Lady Chatterley's Lover (TV)
2003: It Will Stay Between Us
Bibliography
Cookbooks
2004: Recepty so štipkou hereckého korenia, IKAR
2005: Nové recepty so štipkou hereckého korenia, IKAR
Other releases
2006: Som herečka: Rozhovory s Jánom Štrasserom with Ján Štrasser, FORZA Music
2011: Moji miláčikovia (picture book including CD Fragile deťom), IKAR. Illustrated by Dušan Pupala
Discography
1995: Dotyky noci, ENA Records
Awards
Controversies
In 2009, after being asked in an interview with Czech magazine Reflex why she refers to Romani people as "gypsies", which is considered to be a racial slur, Studenková opined that "90 percent of gypsies are social trash" and explained that she doesn't see a reason to be considerate of people that "basically refuse to be educated and to work, and ignore basic hygiene habits". She added that her views on the Roma community are rooted in her childhood, detailing an experience from elementary school when she had to sit next to a Roma girl with lice. Her comments were met with a wave of criticism in both Czechia and Slovakia for being racist and anti-roma, and were publicly condemned by personalities like Ernest Sarközi, artistic director of the Gypsy Devils orchestra, or Roman Kaiser, president of the European Roma Employment Agency, who called her statements "highly inappropriate".
Studenková doubled down on her negative comments regarding the Roma in 2012, after the Krásna Hôrka Castle was destroyed in a fire caused by two young Roma boys who attempted to lit a cigarette and accidentally set dry grass around the castle on fire. In an interview with Život magazine, Studenková asserted that "the Roma question" would be solved if the same laws applied to both white and Romani people, before continuing: "How come they burned down Krásna Hôrka and you see none of them there ? Why didn't march there the whole village of those who have nothing to do and don't work eight hours a day, and then: You want social benefits ? Did you work for it ? Here you go ! They burned down a historic landmark of incalculable value, brats ! Fuckers are destroying our property, how come they're invincible ?" She also criticized the Christian Democratic Movement (KDH) party's pro-life politics in the same interview, saying "why don't each of them have ten gypsy children adopted ?".
In 2011, Studenková criticized the success of Turkish soap opera Binbir Gece in Slovakia, stating "I don't know if anybody realizes this, but this is another way we let the muslim world into our homes. In Arab states, they would never broadcast our soap operas". Her comments were branded islamophobic and racist by media.
References
Sources
External links
Zdena Studenková at SND
Zdena Studenková at ČSFd
Zdena Studenková at IMDb
Zdena Studenková at KinoBox
Zdena Studenková at SFd
Zdena Studenková at TCMd
1954 births
Living people
Actors from Bratislava
Slovak stage actresses
Slovak film actresses
Slovak television actresses
Recipients of Medal of Merit (Czech Republic)
Women cookbook writers
Women food writers
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41027017
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chelsea%20Bun%20House
|
Chelsea Bun House
|
The old Chelsea Bun House was a shop in Chelsea which sold buns in the 18th century. It was famous for its Chelsea bun and also did a great trade in hot cross buns at Easter. It was patronised by royalty such as Kings George II, George III and their family.
History
It was on Jew's Row, now Royal Hospital Road, opposite the old burial ground. It seems to have started business early in the 18th century as Jonathan Swift wrote in his journal to Stella on 28 April 1711:
A fine day, but begins to grow a little warm; and that makes your little fat Presto sweat in the forehead. Pray, are not the fine buns sold here in our town; was it not Rrrrrrrrrare Chelsea buns? I bought one to-day in my walk; it cost me a penny; it was stale, and I did not like it, as the man said, &c.
Over a hundred years later, Sir Richard Phillips wrote in A Morning's Walk from London to Kew:Before me appeared the shops so famed for Chelsea buns, which, for above thirty years, I have never passed without filling my pockets. In
the original of these shops, for even of Chelsea buns there are counterfeits, are preserved mementos of domestic events, in the first
half of the past century. The bottle-conjuror is exhibited in a toy of his own age; portraits are also displayed of Duke William and other noted personages; a model of a British soldier, in the stiff costume of the same age; and some grotto-works, serve to indicate the taste of a former owner, and were perhaps intended to rival the neighbouring exhibition at Don Saltero's. These buns have afforded a competency, and even wealth; to four generations of the same family; and it is singular, that their delicate flavour, lightness and richness, have never been successfully imitated. The present proprietor told me, with exultation, that George the Second had often been a customer of the shop; that the present King, when Prince George, and often during his reign, had stopped and purchased his buns; and that the Queen, and all the Princes and Princesses, had been among his occasional customers.
The family to which he referred was the Hand family who had succeeded David Loudon as proprietors. Richard Hand was known as "Captain Bun". His wife, Mrs. Hand, ran the business after his death. Queen Caroline, who had brought her children there, presented Mrs. Hand with a silver mug containing five guineas. Upon her death, her son ran the business and he also supplied butter to local customers. When he died too, his older brother took over. He was a retired soldier — a poor knight of Windsor — and, like his brother, was eccentric. There were no more Hands so, on his death in 1839, the property reverted to the Crown and the contents were auctioned off.
Easter
On Good Friday, it was a tradition for the working classes, such as servants and apprentices, to buy a hot cross bun. The Greenwich Fair was the most well-known Easter fair in London, but great crowds would also assemble on the Five Fields — an open space which was subsequently developed as Eaton and Belgrave Squares to form Belgravia. The Bun House would open for business as early as three or four in the morning and the crowds would press on it so fiercely that buns would only be sold through openings in the shutters. Constables were required to keep good order and, in 1792, the crowd was so great that Mrs Hand made a public announcement that there would be no sales of hot cross buns in the following year,
Royal Bun House, Chelsea, Good Friday
No Cross Buns.
Mrs. Hand respectfully informs her friends and the public, that in consequence of the great concourse of people which assembled before her house at a very early hour, on the morning of Good Friday last, by which her neighbours (with whom she has always lived in friendship and repute) have been much alarmed and annoyed; it having also been intimated, that to encourage or countenance a tumultuous assembly at this particular period might be attended with consequences more serious than have hitherto been apprehended; desirous, therefore, of testifying her regard and obedience to those laws by which she is happily protected, she is determined, though much to her loss, not to sell Cross Buns on that day to any person whatever, but Chelsea buns as usual.
This restraint did not last and so, on its final Good Friday of 1839, the Bun House still sold a great number of buns – over 24,000 according to The Mirror of Literature, Amusement, and Instruction.
Literary references
Anne Manning wrote a fictional account of the place in The Old Chelsea Bun-House: a Tale of the Last Century, which was published in 1855.
In short, our Milk and Whey became in such repute that we got on from two Cows to six, and at length to Twelve, and had the largest Milk-walk in the neighbourhood. Our man, Andrew, who was from Devonshire, looked after the Dairy; and Saunders, who was a Scot, was our baker; but a Mistress's Eye is worth two Pair of Hands; and one Reason of our Success was undoubtedly that we looked after our Business ourselves, no matter how much Money was coming into the Till.
Notes
References
External links
Bakeries of the United Kingdom
Chelsea, London
Defunct companies based in London
History of the Royal Borough of Kensington and Chelsea
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41027028
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BBC%20News%20at%20Nine
|
BBC News at Nine
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The BBC News at Nine (styled as BBC News at 9) is a morning news programme. It aired every Sunday to Friday on BBC Two and the BBC News Channel for 60minutes from 9am until 10am. On weekends, it was replaced by a standard edition of BBC World News. The programme was presented by Victoria Derbyshire, Annita McVeigh, and Ben Brown.
Between 2020 and 2023, the programme was no longer branded BBC News at 9, and often simply called BBC News carrying generic BBC News title card (especially during simulcast with BBC World News). The programme was still, however listed as BBC News at 9 on BBC iPlayer.
The programme aired for the final time as a generic bulletin on 16 April 2023, before it got replaced by a TV simulcast of Nicky Campbell's phone-in show from Radio 5 Live the next day.
Presenters
Annita McVeigh, Rebecca Jones and Joanna Gosling appeared as relief presenters. Victoria Derbyshire, Geeta Guru-Murthy, Ben Brown, Ben Thompson, Victoria Valentine, Luxmy Gopal, Ben Boulos and Kasia Madera also appeared as backup relief presenters.
Evening bulletin
An evening (9p.m.) bulletin also named BBC News at Nine was broadcast, starting in 2013.
The weather and business updates were generally presented from the screen away from the main desk, unless they preceded each other. Sports updates were presented from the BBC Sport Centre at MediaCityUK, Salford. From 30 June 2014, the programme aired an extended Weather for the Week Ahead at 9.55p.m. This looked at the weather, generally over the British Isles, over the next seven days.
On Fridays from 9:45 p.m., the programme Newswatch used to air. This was moved to a slightly earlier timeslot, 9.30p.m.-9.45p.m., and now airs on Friday evenings generally at 8.45p.m., with overnight repeats on Friday nights/Saturday morning and during the BBC Breakfast programme on Saturday morning, simulcast on BBC One. Newswatch features viewer opinions and criticisms on how BBC News has covered news events during the week. On Friday night, a repeat of The Film Review follows. It is presented by the anchor of the BBC News at Five and a film critic, usually Mark Kermode, from the Studio C (BBC World News' main studio) with the background and lighting changed to resemble a cinema effect. It features reviews of all the week's main releases.
This evening bulletin was ended on 31 May 2015, and replaced by Outside Source and a new edition of World News Today.
References
External links
2020s British television series
2013 British television series debuts
2023 British television series endings
BBC television news shows
BBC New Media
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41027035
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20R.%20Barnard
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Charles R. Barnard
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Charles Ray Barnard (March 13, 1883 – July 11, 1948) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Biography
Barnard was born on March 13, 1883, in Brillion, Wisconsin. He graduated from Brillion High School. Barnard died on July 11, 1948. His nephew Charles A. Barnard also served in the Wisconsin Assembly.
Career
Barnard was a member of the Assembly from 1941 until his death. Previously, he was an unsuccessful candidate for the Assembly in 1938. He was a Republican.
References
See also
The Political Graveyard
People from Brillion, Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
1883 births
1948 deaths
20th-century American politicians
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41027086
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adetomyrma%20cilium
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Adetomyrma cilium
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Adetomyrma cilium (from Latin cilium, "eyelash", referring to the long hairs on its compound eye) is a species of ant endemic to Madagascar.
Description
Adetomyrma cilium is only known from males. The male of A. cilium is distinguished easily from the other Adetomyrma males by a combination of long hairs on the eye, long suberect hairs on the anterior surface of the mesofemur, and a well-developed subpetiolar process.
The species is relatively similar to A. clarivida, but differs in the mesofemur hairs and development of the subpetiolar
process. Additionally, these species differ in the shape of the aedeagus and the palpal formula.
References
Amblyoponinae
Blind animals
Insects described in 2012
Hymenoptera of Africa
Endemic fauna of Madagascar
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41027090
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20Saltillo%20Rancho%20Seco%20season
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2013–14 Saltillo Rancho Seco season
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The 2013–14 Saltillo Rancho Seco season was the first international season of the Saltillo Rancho Seco professional indoor soccer club. The Saltillo Rancho Seco, a Central Division team in the Professional Arena Soccer League, played their home games at the newly constructed Deportivo Rancho-Seco Saltillo in Saltillo, the capital of the northern Mexican state of Coahuila. While construction was underway, the team played its first home game on the campus of the Autonomous University of Coahuila.
The team was led by owner/general manager Marco Antonio Davila De Leon and head coach Elizandro Campos with assistant coach Jesus Monroy.
Season summary
The team struggled from the start with a loss to the Monterrey Flash then splitting their next eight games, losing to teams with winning records and beating teams with losing records. Saltillo performed only slightly better at home (3–4) than they did on the road (2–3). 2014 saw Saltillo winning only one game (the hapless Texas Strikers), facing steadily declining attendance at home, and earning a 6–10 record on the season. Only the top three teams in the Central Division qualified for the post-season and Saltillo was mathematically eliminated in late January.
Unlike the 17 US-based PASL teams, Saltillo Rancho Seco and the other two Mexico-based franchises did not participate in the 2013–14 United States Open Cup for Arena Soccer.
History
Saltillo is the third team based in Mexico to join the PASL. For the past three seasons, Saltillo has been a successful member of the Liga Mexicana de Futbol Rápido Profesional (LMFR) and plans to remain a member of both leagues.
Schedule
Regular season
♥ Rescheduled from February 2 at league request.
References
External links
Saltillo Rancho Seco at Facebook
Saltillo Rancho Seco at El Diario de Coahuila
Saltillo Ranco Seco
Saltillo Rancho Seco
Saltillo Rancho Seco 2013
Saltillo Rancho Seco 2013
Saltillo Rancho Seco 2013
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41027122
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belediye%20K%C3%BCtahyaspor
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Belediye Kütahyaspor
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Belediye Kütahyaspor is a Turkish sports club from Kütahya, in western Turkey.
The clubs plays in blue and light blue kits, and have done so since their formation in 1966.
League participations
1st League: 1966–1976, 1980–1985, 1987–1991, 1992–1994
2nd League: 1976–1978, 1979–1980, 1985–1987, 1991–1992, 1994–2003
3rd League: 2003–2008, 2016–2017, 2020–
Regional Amateur League: 2010–2016, 2017–2020
Amateur Level: 1978–1979, 2008–2010
Stadium
Currently the team plays at the 11,500 capacity Dumlupınar Stadium.
External links
Kutahyaspor on TFF.org
Kutahyaspor News Site
Twitter
Football clubs in Turkey
1966 establishments in Turkey
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41027178
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SportsUnited
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SportsUnited
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Formerly known as SportsUnited, Sports Diplomacy is the U.S. Department of State's sports diplomacy division. Sports Diplomacy uses sport to help youth around the world develop important off-the-court skills, including leadership, mutual understanding and academic achievement. The four pillars of the program include Sports Envoys, Sports Visitors, Sports Grants, and the Empowering Women and Girls through Sport Initiative. The program began in 2002 and has since reached thousands of participants in more than 140 countries. An overarching theme in most of Sports Diplomacy’s programming is disability sport access and inclusion.
History
The U.S. Department of State, through the SportsUnited division, restarted sports programming in 2002 with a grants competition focused on Muslim community outreach. In 2003 the State Department brought a group of Iraqi archers to the U.S. to compete in the World Archery Championship. The State Department implemented the first Sports Envoy program in 2005 through a partnership with the NBA and Reebok. In 2006, the “World Cup Sports Initiative” marked the first large-scale sport diplomacy effort of the nascent SportsUnited Division. The World Cup Sports Initiative brought to the U.S. 30 youth from 13 countries to participate in World Cup-related programming around the theme “A time to make friends.” The program culminated with a visit to Germany, where the group attended a World Cup match between the U.S. and the host country. Since then, Sports Diplomacy has involved more than 1500 athletes and coaches from over 140 countries in its programs.
Programs
Sports Envoys
The Sports Envoy program sends professional athletes overseas to conduct sport camps and engage in dialogue about important life lessons such as education, leadership, conflict resolution, and respect for diversity. Since 2005, the U.S. Department of State has sent nearly 300 Sports Envoys almost 70 countries including Afghanistan, Burma, Japan, and Venezuela. Past envoys include Michelle Kwan, Carl Ripken Jr., and Ken Griffey Jr.
Sports Visitors
Sport Visitors are non-elite youth athletes and coaches who come to the U.S. for two weeks to participate in sport workshops and learn first-hand about American society and culture. The Sports Visitor program gives young people an opportunity to discover how success in athletics translates into the development of life skills and achievement in the classroom. Since 2003, Sports Diplomacy has brought more than 1,100 young athletes and coaches from 140 countries to the U.S. to participate in Sports Visitor programs.
Sports Grants
The Sports Grants program is an annual open grant competition for U.S.-based, non-profit organizations that work with sport and non-elite youth athletes, domestically and internationally. The grants support programs which address any of the following themes: Sport for Social Change, Sport and Health, and Sport and Disability. Between 2002 and 2012, the Sports Grants program has awarded nearly 90 grants to U.S. based non-profit organizations implementing programs in 60 countries. Previous grants recipients have included Partners of the Americas and Mobility International USA.
Empowering Women and Girls through Sport Initiative
The Empowering Women and Girls through Sport Initiative was launched in February 2011 as a partnership between the U.S. Department of State and espnW. To increase the number of women and girls worldwide who are involved in sports, the Empowering Women and Girls Through Sports Initiative mobilizes all of the U.S. Department of State’s international sports programming, from Sports Envoys traveling overseas to Sports Visitors traveling to the United States.
A cornerstone of this initiative is the Global Sports Mentoring Program which connects women and girls from around the globe with female executives in the sports sector. The 2012 Global Sports Mentoring Program included a diverse group of 17 participants. Between 2012 and 2014, women from 38 different countries have participated in these month-long mentorships, which culminate in an action plan for the mentee to implement in her home country.
Related organizations
Notable alumni
Ruthie Bolton
Tamika Catchings
Brandi Chastain
Lorrie Fair
Julie Foudy
Michelle Kwan
Barry Larkin
Dikembe Mutombo
Sam Perkins
Cal Ripken
Tony Sanneh
References
External links
http://eca.state.gov/programs-initiatives/sports-diplomacy
https://www.facebook.com/pages/Sports Diplomacy-US-Department-of-State/10150101343025475
United States Department of State
Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs
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41027183
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20Benson%20%28politician%29
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Guy Benson (politician)
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Guy A. Benson (April 18, 1876 – May 3, 1958) was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly.
Biography
Benson was born on April 18, 1876, in Jordan, Wisconsin. He attended the University of Wisconsin. He married Anna Holtz in 1903. He died in Phoenix, Arizona in 1958 and was buried in Spooner, Wisconsin.
Career
Benson was a member of the Assembly from 1939 to 1948. Additionally, he was a member of the Washburn County, Wisconsin Board, President of the Spooner, Wisconsin School Board, a Spooner alderman and Mayor of Spooner. He was a Republican.
References
People from Jordan, Wisconsin
People from Spooner, Wisconsin
Republican Party members of the Wisconsin State Assembly
Mayors of places in Wisconsin
Wisconsin city council members
School board members in Wisconsin
University of Wisconsin–Madison alumni
1876 births
1958 deaths
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41027186
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006%E2%80%9307%20Hull%20City%20A.F.C.%20season
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2006–07 Hull City A.F.C. season
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During the 2006–07 English football season, Hull City competed in the Football League Championship.
Season summary
On 13 June 2006, Peter Taylor left Hull to take up the job vacated by Dowie at Crystal Palace, a club at which he had enjoyed considerable success as a player. Phil Parkinson was confirmed as his replacement on 29 June 2006, with Hull paying Colchester (with whom Parkinson was still under contract) £400,000 compensation. Phil Brown, who had recently departed his job as manager of Derby County, joined the club as Parkinson's assistant.
Defender Leon Cort became Hull's first million-pound player when he followed Peter Taylor to Crystal Palace for a fee of £1,250,000. Parkinson wasted no time in spending the majority of this money on strengthening the City squad in readiness for the 2006–07 season.
Chairman Adam Pearson stated his ambition to take Hull into the top flight for the first time in their history – and he believed Phil Parkinson was the manager to do it. However, their dismal start to the 2006–07 season was hardly the form of a team attempting to gain promotion, and on 4 December 2006 Parkinson was sacked as manager with Hull in the relegation zone, despite having spent over £2 million on players.
Phil Brown was appointed as caretaker manager and by 4 January 2007, Hull had moved out of the relegation zone and Brown was rewarded with a contract as their new manager until at least the end of the season.
Hull's Championship game against Sunderland on 17 March 2007 at the Stadium of Light saw an attendance of 38,448, a record to a Hull City game since they visited Stamford Bridge on 14 May 1977.
Hull City all but secured their place in the Championship next season with a 1–0 victory away at Cardiff City, on 28 April 2007. This left them 3 points clear of Leeds United, the only side with a chance of overtaking them, but with a vastly superior goal difference this was only a mathematical possibility. This crucial goal was scored by Dean Windass, who had rejoined his hometown club on loan from Bradford City.
By 4 May, due to a lack of any realistic chance of them remaining in the Championship, Leeds went into administration and in doing so received the 10 point penalty such a move incurs. This deduction left Leeds at the bottom of the championship on 36 points, securing Hull's place in the Championship for the 2007–08 season.
Final league table
A Deducted 10 points for administration entrance.
Results
Hull City's score comes first
Legend
Football League Championship
FA Cup
League Cup
Squad
Left club during season
References
2006-07
Hull City
2000s in Kingston upon Hull
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41027208
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alphie
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Alphie
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Alphie was an educational robot toy popular in the 1980s. It featured a slot in the front for interchangeable cards, which lined up with special soft-touch input function buttons built into the front of the toy. It ran on batteries and came with different insert cards to help children learn math, spelling, matching skills, etc. The toy also played music.
The original Alphie was released in 1978. Alphie II was released in 1983.
Reviews for the Alphie range from calling the Alphie "highly educational" to saying Alphie "scares [their] child".
Alphie 2
"Talking Alphie" The talking alphabet machine, the electronic friend, teaches basic learning skills! ; Talking Alphie makes learning fun, with a friendly voice that guides children through different activities. Kids learn counting, matching, problem-solving, sequencing and more skills as they play. They love to hear Talking Alphie's responses to their answers – happy words for right answers, encouraging words for wrong answers.
Talking Alphie also plays familiar melodies, and his smiling, light-up face adds to the fun! He even shuts off all by himself!
Alphies faces lights up as he teaches the alphabet.
References
Educational robots
Educational toys
Hasbro products
1980s toys
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41027228
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NTS%20Radio
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NTS Radio
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NTS Radio (also known as NTS Live or simply NTS) is an online radio station and media platform started in the Hackney area of London. The station was founded in April 2011 by Femi Adeyemi "for an international community of music lovers". NTS broadcasts from its studios in London and Los Angeles, as well as remote worldwide broadcasts from its mix of resident hosts and guests. NTS produces a diverse range of live radio shows, digital media and events.
The Guardian has described NTS as "redefining radio" and The New Yorker described it as a radio "which reshaped how musicians and fans around the world saw and heard one another".
Music Business Worldwide reported in January 2020 that NTS has 1.5 million monthly listeners. By May 2020, the Financial Times reported that NTS had picked up more than 2.5 million unique monthly listeners. The same article reported that "fifty per cent of NTS's music cannot be found on Spotify [...] either because it's not available on Spotify yet or because it's a rare undiscovered gem from decades ago".
NTS has permanent studios in London, Manchester and Los Angeles, as well as regular remote broadcasts from around the globe. According to the Institute of Contemporary Arts, "NTS Radio is a family of like-minded and passionate individuals, dedicated to supporting exciting music and culture through online radio and events. NTS uncovers the best of the musical past, celebrates the present and cultivates the future of the underground music scene, and prides itself on being open-minded and experimental".
Origins
The name NTS is an abbreviation for 'Nuts To Soup', which was the name of a previous blog run by Adeyemi.
Adeyemi, who had also been involved in founding Boiler Room, started NTS on a budget of £5,000, inspired by his love of pirate radio, MTV2, US college radio stations like WFMU and the creative community around London nightclub Plastic People (where NTS CEO Sean McAuliffe was a resident). In an interview with Music Business Worldwide in 2020, Adeyemi speaks of starting NTS as a response to a homogenous radio climate; "Pirate radio stations were laser focused on specific sounds and the mainstream radio stations the same... there are so many different tastes in London, why don't we just set up this thing that plays everything? Let's keep it as diverse as possible."
Programming and creative
According to the Financial Times, part of NTS's "success is down to the quality and underground nature of its DJs and live performances". Across NTS two live channels, there are currently over 500 resident artists, music producers, DJs and record collectors globally that make up the regular shows on the platform, most of whom own share options in the company. Regular hosts range from the likes of Sunn O)))'s Stephen O'Malley to The XX's Jamie xx, Yellow Magic Orchestra's Haruomi Hosono, Yaeji, rapper Zack Fox, Show Me the Body, Theo Parrish, Moxie, Four Tet, Mark Leckey, Floating Points, artist Martine Syms, Eclair Fifi, Kelsey Lu, Erol Alkan, Moor Mother, Fenriz, Coby Sey, Smithsonian Folkways, The Numero Group, jazz musician Angel Bat Dawid, and Andrew Weatherall. The NTS breakfast show (broadcast from their London studios) was called The Do!! You!!! Breakfast Show and was presented by Charlie Bones up until August 2021. Bones was often joined by guest hosts and performers. Bones was replaced by NTS hosts Flo Dill and Zakia Sewell.
From these guest shows, many have been used by the hosts as an opportunity to premiere new music, with the following airing their releases as a 'first listen' on NTS before official release; Death Grips, Arca, Flying Lotus, Jeff Mills, Dean Blunt, Nicolas Jaar, Kelela, Autechre, Mount Kimbie and Arthur Russell have all debuted on NTS in recent years.
In late 2018, NTS launched a new feature called 'Infinite Mixtapes' - music-only themed streams without any traditional radio talkover. Originally exclusive to the NTS iOS app, this led to a feature on the Apple Store as 'App Of The Day' and now accounts for 20% of their overall streaming figures according to Music Business Worldwide.
NTS video output in recent years ranges from live sessions with artists, original music videos, and livestreamed video performance.
NTS programmes live events and club nights across the world throughout the year. This is most prominently the case in London, where NTS has been behind a number of debut UK shows.
Notable projects and collaborations
NTS has worked with a variety of collaborating music partners, brands, arts institutions and public bodies. Every month, NTS curates live music experiences at the Tate Lates event series at the Tate Modern gallery in London - an event that is co-sponsored by clothing brand Uniqlo. NTS has an artist development programme called Work In Progress, which aims to take six artists to the next stages of their musical careers. Supported by Carhartt, Work In Progress is run in partnership with Arts Council England, and attracted over 9,000 applicants in its first year.
In April 2018, Autechre announced a four-week residency on NTS that would go on to be the release of their thirteenth album release, NTS Sessions 1–4. It was not made known that the residency would include new material until after the first session was broadcast, leading many to assume that it would be another of the band's extended DJ mixes. A few days after the first session aired, Warp announced that each of the two-hour sessions would be released as a digital download immediately after broadcast, with 12-LP and 8-CD boxed sets of the entire album, as well as 3-LP pressings of each individual session, to be released in July.
NTS launched a capsule clothing collection with Adidas Originals during the summer of 2019, run under the NTS signature tag line of ‘Don't Assume’. The marketing campaign for the collection featured musicians and artists as models, including reggae musician Lee "Scratch" Perry, who was 83-years-old at the time of the photoshoot.
In June 2019, NTS teamed up with independent electronic indie label Warp Records to celebrate their thirtieth anniversary. Over a long weekend, Warp took over both of NTS' live channels, broadcasting over 100 hours of original content from the likes of Boards of Canada, Brian Eno, Flying Lotus, Death Grips, Ryuichi Sakamoto, Kelela and many more. Celebrated New York jazz record label Blue Note also co-programmed a takeover broadcast with NTS in celebration of their 80th anniversary, which featured radio shows hosted by Jeff Garlin, Dr Lonnie Smith and Don Was.
In September 2019 NTS and Netflix devised a two-day series of workshops and panels about getting into the creative industries, directed at 16-25 year olds in London. The event featured director Jenn Nkiru, Skepta manager Grace Ladoja, former NTS presenter Tiffany Calver and rap engineer Sean D, alongside Top Boy actors Ashley Walters and Micheal Ward.
On 19 February 2020, the Venezuelan experimental musician and artist Arca premiered her new 62-minute single @@@@@ via a special NTS radio show entitled DIVA EXPERIMENTAL FM. The release was accompanied by a audiovisual directed by Frederik Heyman, and was then widely released on 21 February by XL Recordings.
On 2 May 2020, NTS announced a 24-hour charity broadcast called Remote Utopias, raising funds for The Global Foodbanking Network. The broadcast brought together musicians, DJs, artists and filmmakers from across the globe to present radio shows and mixes, exclusive premieres, and live video streams. The likes of Erykah Badu and Tame Impala premiered new music, radio shows and mixes came from the likes of Jonah Hill, JME and Jorja Smith, readings came from the likes of Wolfgang Tillmans, and special video performances from Bladee and Ecco2K, Standing on the Corner and Mica Levi (as Therapy Garden).
For their 10th birthday, NTS was curated by 10 special guests across a week of programming. The curators were Simpsons creator Matt Groening, rising Ghanaian alté star Amaarae, My Bloody Valentine, Patia's Fantasy World, Mica Levi, Liz Johnson Artur, Dopplereffekt, Theo Parrish, Laurie Anderson and Arca. Notable guests that those curators selected across the week ranged from Flea from the Red Hot Chili Peppers to Eric Andre, Marshall Allen from Sun Ra Arkestra to ANOHNI.
Notable NTS brand partners have included Netflix, Rockstar Games, SONOS, YouTube Music and Adidas
Awards
NTS won the 2014 Best Online Radio Station in the World Award from Mixcloud and the official International Radio Awards Festival.
In 2018 Femi Adeyemi as founder of NTS Radio won the AIM Independent Music Awards as "Indie Champion" of the year.
In 2019 NTS Radio won the Outstanding Contribution category in DJ Mag's Best of British Awards.
See also
SoundCloud
Mixcloud
Resonance FM
KCRW
Rinse FM
WFMU
Boiler Room
Dublab
References
External links
Radio stations in London
Electronic music organizations
Internet radio stations in the United Kingdom
Radio stations established in 2011
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41027232
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad%20%28name%29
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Ad (name)
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Ad is a first name. It is common in the Netherlands, where it is almost always short for Adrianus or Adriaan. In America it can be short for Adolph, Adam, Addison, and others. People with the first name of Ad include:
Ad Achkar (born 1988), Lebanese photographer and artist
Ad van der Avoird (born 1943), Dutch chemist
Ad Bax (born 1956), Dutch-American biophysicist
Ad de Boer (born 1946), Dutch politician
Ad Brennan (1887–1962), American baseball pitcher
Ad Carter (1895–1957), American cartoonist (Ad stands for "August Daniel")
Ad Dekkers (1938–1974), Dutch artist
Ad Dekkers (1953–2002), Dutch cyclist
Ad Donker (1933–2002), Dutch-South African publisher
Ad Geelhoed (1942–2007), Dutch professor, civil service worker, and Advocate-General
Ad Gumbert (1868–1925), American baseball pitcher
Ad Hermes (1929–2002), Dutch politician
Ad Kaland (1922–1995), Dutch politician
Ad Abi Karam (born 1937), Lebanese-Australian Catholic bishop
Ad van Kempen (born 1944), Dutch actor
Ad Kolnaar (born 1942), Dutch economist
Ad Konings (born 1956), Dutch ichthyologist
Ad Koppejan (born 1962), Dutch politician
Ad Lagendijk (born 1947), Dutch physicist
Ad Lankford (1882–1967), American baseball pitcher
Ad van Liempt (born 1949), Dutch journalist
Ad Liska (1906–1998), American baseball pitcher
Ad van Luyn (born 1935), Dutch Roman Catholic bishop
Ad Melkert (born 1956), Dutch politician
Ad Moolhuijzen (born 1943), Dutch water polo player
Ad Neeleman (born 1964), Dutch-British linguist
Ad Reinhardt (1913–1967), American abstract painter
Ad Rutschman (born 1931), American football and baseball coach
Ad Santel (1887–1966), American professional wrestler
Ad Simonis (1931–2020), Dutch Roman Catholic cardinal
Ad Sluijter (born 1981), Dutch guitarist
Ad Snijders (1929–2010), Dutch painter
Ad van der Steur (1893–1953), Dutch architect
Ad Stouthamer (born 1931), Dutch microbiologist
Ad Swigler (1895–1975), American baseball pitcher
Ad Tak (born 1953), Dutch bicycle racer
Ad van Tiggelen (born 1958), Dutch banker and fantasy writer
Ad Vandenberg (born 1954), Dutch rock guitarist
Ad Visser (born 1947), Dutch VJ, presenter, writer, and music artist
Ad Wammes (born 1953), Dutch composer
Ad Wenke (1898–1961), American football player and justice
Ad Wijnands (born 1959), Dutch bicycle racer
Ad Wolgast (1888–1955), American boxer
Ad Wouters (born 1944), Dutch-Belgian sculptor
Ad Yale (1870–1948), American baseball player
Ad Zonderland (1940–2007), Dutch football manager and administrator
References
Dutch masculine given names
Masculine given names
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41027287
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comet%20%281813%20steamboat%29
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Comet (1813 steamboat)
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The steamboat Comet was the second steamboat to navigate the Ohio and Mississippi rivers. Comets owner was Daniel D. Smith and she was launched in 1813 at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. With an engine and power train designed and built by Daniel French, the Comet was the first of the Western steamboats to be powered by a horizontal high-pressure engine with its piston rod connected to a stern paddle wheel. Smith was the first to defy the steamboat monopoly in Orleans Territory granted to Robert R. Livingston and Robert Fulton.
Pittsburgh
Daniel French built Comet steam engine and drive train at Brownsville, Pennsylvania, and installed them in the steamboat at Pittsburgh prior to July 13, 1813, her first voyage. The Pittsburgh Gazette announced that Comet had departed Pittsburgh for Louisville, Kentucky, on July 13:
On September 7, 1813, Robert Fulton wrote to John Livingston at Pittsburgh requesting specific information about the Comet. In October 1813 a public notice was published in The Pittsburgh Gazette:
On November 11, 1813, Fulton wrote to Livingston at Pittsburgh:
No trial date was entered in the docket book at the Allegheny County Courthouse. Apparently, the threatened lawsuit was not pursued.
New Orleans
After steaming from Pittsburgh to the port of New Orleans, the Comet was entered for the first time in the New Orleans Wharf Register on February 25, 1814. Payment of the wharfage fee, in the amount of "$6", for the "Steam Boat, Capt. Lake" was recorded. Subsequent entries in the New Orleans Wharf Register, on March 15, April 7, May 2 and July 3, 1814, identified the Comet as "Steam Boat (Lake)", with a wharfage fee of $6.
Citations
References
Congressional Edition, Volume 2552 (1889). The executive documents of the House of Representatives for the first session of the Fiftieth Congress, 1887-'88. Washington: Government Printing Office
Cox, Thomas H. (2009). Gibbons v. Ogden, law, and society in the early republic. Ohio, Athens: Ohio University Press, 264 pages.
Henshaw, Marc Nicholas (2014). "Hog chains and Mark Twains: a study of labor history, archaeology, and industrial ethnography of the steamboat era of the Monongahela Valley 1811-1950." Dissertation, Michigan Technological University
Hunter, Louis C. (1993), Steamboats on the western rivers, an economic and technological history. New York: Dover Publications
Johnson, Leland R. (2011). "Harbinger of Revolution", in Full steam ahead: reflections on the impact of the first steamboat on the Ohio River, 1811-2011. Rita Kohn, editor. Indianapolis: Indiana Historical Society Press, pp. 1–16.
Kunz, George Frederick (1910). Hudson-Fulton celebration: a collection of the catalogues issued by the museums and institutions in New York City and vicinities. New York: Trow Press.
Lloyd, James T. (1856), Lloyd's steamboat directory, and disasters on the western waters..., Philadelphia: Jasper Harding
Miller, Ernest C., '"Pennsylvania's oil industry", Pennsylvania History Studies, No. 4, Pennsylvania History Association, Gettysburg, Pa. 1954-1974
Morrison, John Harrison (1908). History of American steam navigation. New York: W. F. Sametz
New Orleans Wharf RegisterA handwritten document (mostly in French) recording the date of arrival, name, type and fee for each boat in the port of New Orleans. Registration was suspended from December 16, 1814 until January 28, 1815.New Orleans Public Library, 219 Loyola Avenue, New Orleans, LA 70112-2044Call number: QN420 1806-1823, New Orleans (La.) Collector of Levee Dues. Registers of flatboats, barges, rafts, and steamboats in the port of New Orleans, 1806-1823.
Steamboats of the Mississippi River
Steamboats of the Ohio River
Ships built in Pittsburgh
1813 ships
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41027297
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20YMS-61
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USS YMS-61
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USS YMS-61 was a United States Navy auxiliary motor minesweeper during World War II. She was laid down 23 September 1941 by the Gibbs Gas Engine Co. She was commissioned on 23 June 1942. Assigned to the Caribbean she operated in the former Netherlands Antilles. She was struck from the Naval Registry on 19 June 1946.
Citations
YMS-1-class minesweepers of the United States Navy
World War II minesweepers of the United States
1941 ships
Ships sunk by mines
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41027299
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Credit%20control
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Credit control
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Credit control is the system used by businesses and central banks to make sure that credit is given only to borrowers who are likely to be able to repay it. As such matters are rarely certain, credit controllers control lending by calculating and managing risk.
Overview
Credit control is part of the financial controls that are employed by businesses particularly in manufacturing to ensure that once sales are made they are realised as cash or liquid resources.
Credit control is a critical system of control that prevents the business from becoming illiquid due to improper and un-coordinated issuance of credit to customers. Credit control has a number of sections that include - credit approval, credit limit approval, dispatch approvals as well as collection process.
In a large business a credit process will be run by a senior manager and will include processes as such as Know Your Customer (KYC), account opening, approval of credit and credit limits (both in terms of the amounts and the terms e.g. 30 Days, 30 Days net), extension of credit and effecting collection action.
Credit control will normally report to the Finance Director or Risk Management Committee.
Procedures for issuing credit
During the selling process a potential customer or even a current customer who pays cash may request for credit lines to be extended. At this point the following process may be followed:-
1. Formal letter of application for credit to be extended to a customer entity
2. Head of Finance evaluates the credit requested
3. Risk managers evaluate if the credit fits in with the current risk portfolio
4. Credit Collection period (usually in Days) is considered both as a stand-alone and as a component of the working capital cycle in particular ensuring that it does not exceed the Payables Period (usually in Days too).
5. External rating agencies may be invoked to assess the risk attached to extending credit to the customer. Usually credit worthiness of a firm may be assessed independently by firms such as Dun & Bradstreet, Bloomberg, AC Nielsen or other reputable firms.
6. Fillers are also made into the market to assess the credit worthiness of a firm
7. An internal evaluation is made considering the risk of Bad or Doubtful Debts against the profit or returns.
8. After Risk Manager and Finance Director is satisfied that the extension of credit will not result in loss of principal. Credit is extended.
9. An account is opened with the credit setting set for the agreed terms: Cap of credit the customer will enjoy and the terms or duration which they will enjoy that credit. In other words, the time-limit as well as the value of the credit are sides of the same coin.
Non-collectibility of extended credit
Extended credit could, despite all efforts made, become noncollectable. In this case a professional Debt collection agency may be hired along with attendant legal, court and other fees. This event is normally dreaded and most Chartered Accountants are reluctant to consider that credit extended has now become noncollectable necessitating a debt write off if the receivable has gone bust or a provision if only a lower amount can ultimately be collected.
Risk of credit
Unwarranted debt may be a serious strain on the company and could lead to company failure. Many SMEs have failed due to unsatisfactory Debt Collection processes or procedures. During the credit crunch many businesses experienced a serious credit risk and severely curtailed extension of credit to partner firms and businesses. Even though the current situation is much less severe credit extension remains a key, pivotal role in business management.
Credit
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41027309
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Garc%C3%ADa%20%28footballer%2C%20born%201997%29
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José García (footballer, born 1997)
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José Manuel García Maurin (born 13 January 1997) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a winger for Extremadura UD.
Club career
Osasuna
García was born in Pamplona, Navarre. In 2003, the lifelong CA Osasuna supporter appeared in a TV show called El Día Después from Canal+, after a supporting act in a game against Athletic Bilbao, and joined the former's youth system five years later, aged 11.
On 8 November 2013, before even having appeared for the B-side, García made his professional debut, playing the last 24 minutes of a 0–1 La Liga home loss against UD Almería. Aged 16 years and 299 days, he was the third-youngest player to play his first match for the club.
García renewed his contract with Osasuna on 21 July 2015, signing until 2018. On 14 July of the following year, however, he left after failing to agree to new terms.
Alcoyano / Extremadura
On 3 August 2016, García signed for Segunda División B side CD Alcoyano. On 10 January 2018, he moved to fellow league team Extremadura UD.
García contributed with 15 appearances for Extremadura, as his side achieved promotion to the second division for the first time ever. On 22 August 2018, he joined Salamanca CF in the third division on loan for one year.
On 30 July 2019, García moved to fellow third division side CD Atlético Baleares also in a temporary deal. The following 25 January, he moved to Pontevedra CF on loan for the remainder of the campaign.
References
External links
1997 births
Living people
Footballers from Pamplona
Spanish men's footballers
Men's association football wingers
La Liga players
Segunda División players
Segunda División B players
Tercera División players
CA Osasuna players
CA Osasuna B players
CD Alcoyano footballers
Extremadura UD footballers
Salamanca CF UDS players
CD Atlético Baleares footballers
Pontevedra CF footballers
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41027317
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raorchestes%20akroparallagi
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Raorchestes akroparallagi
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Raorchestes akroparallagi (sometimes known as the variable bush frog) is a species of frogs in the family Rhacophoridae.
It is endemic to the Western Ghats, India, where it is known from the states of Kerala and Tamil Nadu. Before its description in 2009, it was confused with Raorchestes femoralis and Raorchestes glandulosus.
Description
Male Raorchestes akroparallagi are small, in snout-vent length, whereas females are larger, long. It is one of predominantly green Raorchestes. However, the colouration of its dorsum (back) is highly variable even within a single location, from almost uniformly green to various colours and markings. Indeed, its specific name, akroparallagi, is derived from Greek words akro, meaning 'extreme' and parallagi, meaning 'variation'.
Reproduction
Raorchestes akroparallagi has direct development, with all growth inside the egg and no free-swimming tadpole stage. Males attract females with their calls. Mating takes place during the night. A pair in amplexus may move around before settling on a leaf and starting to lay eggs on its upper side. Egg laying takes hours and results in a clutch of 20–41 eggs. Eggs are white, about in diameter, and hatch after four weeks as fully developed froglets. There is no parental care.
Habitat
Raorchestes akroparallagi is relatively widespread and occurs in a wide range of habitats and can live in disturbed habitats. It is found in evergreen forests to plantations near forest fringes and in roadside vegetation. IUCN does not considered it threatened.
References
External links
akroparallagi
Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats
Frogs of India
Amphibians described in 2009
Taxa named by Sathyabhama Das Biju
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41027330
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976%20Ta%C3%A7a%20de%20Portugal%20final
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1976 Taça de Portugal final
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The 1976 Taça de Portugal Final was the final match of the 1975–76 Taça de Portugal, the 36th season of the Taça de Portugal, the premier Portuguese football cup competition organized by the Portuguese Football Federation (FPF). The match was played on 13 June 1976 at the Estádio das Antas in Porto, and opposed two Primeira Liga sides: Boavista and Vitória de Guimarães. Boavista were the defending champions, and they successfully defended their title defeating Vitória de Guimarães 2–1 to claim the Taça de Portugal for a second time.
Match
Details
References
1976
Taca
Boavista F.C. matches
Vitória S.C. matches
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41027339
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyotr%20Brayko
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Pyotr Brayko
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Pyotr Aleksandrovich Brayko (Cyrillic: Пётр Александрович Брайко; born 27 March 1977 in Leningrad, Soviet Union) is a retired Russian athlete who specialised in the high jump. He represented his country at two consecutive Summer Olympics, in 2000 and 2004, failing to qualify for the final at both occasions.
He has personal bests of 2.30 metres outdoors and 2.31 metres indoors, both set in 2002.
Competition record
References
1977 births
Living people
Russian male high jumpers
Athletes (track and field) at the 2000 Summer Olympics
Athletes (track and field) at the 2004 Summer Olympics
Olympic athletes for Russia
Athletes from Saint Petersburg
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41027359
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Craig%20Rivera
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Craig Rivera
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Craig Rivera (born October 10, 1954) is an American television journalist, producer, and correspondent for Fox News Channel. He also appeared regularly on the Fox News Channel newsmagazine program Geraldo at Large.
Early life
Craig Rivera was born in Manhattan on October 10, 1954. He is the youngest child of Lillian (née Friedman), a waitress, and Cruz "Allen" Rivera (October 1, 1915 – November 1987), a restaurant worker and cab driver. Rivera's father was a Catholic Puerto Rican, and his mother was of Ashkenazi Russian Jewish descent. He grew up in Brooklyn and West Babylon, New York where he attended West Babylon High School. He has four siblings: Irene, Geraldo, Wilfredo, and Sharon.
Career
He attended Kutztown University and majored in Communications and Media studies. After graduating, he joined ABC's 20/20 in 1978 as a Producer. He transitioned to Inside Edition in 1986, working for the first time as an on-air talent.
He then left Inside Edition to, along with his brother, join Fox News Channel in light of the 9/11 attacks to cover American combat in the Afghanistan and Iraq Wars. Four years into his career at Fox, he became a Senior Field Producer for Geraldo at Large and appeared each week on the show to present an investigative reporting segment called “Craig Investigates”.
Recognitions
A year before he left Inside Edition, he worked on an investigative segment titled “Home Depot Dangers”, which won a Deadline Club Award for Best Series/Investigative Reporting.
References
External links
"Craig Investigates" Segments on FoxNews.com
Living people
1954 births
American journalists of Puerto Rican descent
American people of Russian-Jewish descent
American television reporters and correspondents
Fox News people
Jewish American journalists
Kutztown University of Pennsylvania alumni
Journalists from Brooklyn
People from West Babylon, New York
21st-century American Jews
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41027370
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen%20Da%20%28singer%29
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Chen Da (singer)
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Chen Da (also Chen Ta; ; b. 1905 (1906?) – d. April 11, 1981) was a Taiwanese folk singer. He was part of Taiwan's folk music scene and worked as an analphabetic creator of lyrics. His spontaneous performances of traditional tunes became an object of study for many scholars focused on the music of Taiwan and brought him to the attention of writers engaged in music criticism including the novelist Wang Tuoh. According to the Journal of Music in China, Chen Da was "the only noted singer of Taiwanese folk singing." Chen Da is also referred to as a singer of "Hoklo folk songs," a synonym of "Taiwanese folk songs."
Chiang Ching-kuo sought to visit Chen Da in his hometown, according to reports in the press. The high esteem that the singer has been accorded is also mirrored by the language used when referring to Chen Da: Music scholar Jen Shangren has praised the singer, claiming that "Chen Da is a rare folksong gem in the history of Taiwanese folk music..." Writing in the Taipei Times, the music critic Ho Yi has called Chen Da "the late folk legend" and "an exceptional yueqin musician famed for his Hengchun folk music sound (恆春調)." Helen Rees referred to Chen Da as the "wandering bard" in the "Introduction" to her book Lives in Chinese Music. Wang Ying-fen has called him "the best-known singer of the ."
During the late 1970s, Chen Da became a voice of socio-cultural resistance against the Kuomintang (KMT) in the eyes of many supporters of the Tangwai movement, as the democracy movement was called. As a folk singer, he "has inspired a host of musicians ... in Taiwan."
Early life
Early exposure to Hengchun folk music
Chen Da was born on May 12, 1906, in Kōshun District (modern-day Hengchun), a rural district in southern Taiwan, then under Japanese rule.
As a child, he witnessed the repression of anti-colonial protests by the Japanese military in his area which resulted in many victims in 1914. This experience influenced him considerably.
In 1917, due to poverty-related problems at home, he was sent away and lived with a married elder sister in the Taitung area, near the east coast, for a time. The eleven-year-old boy went to work in sugarcane plantations of the area, together with his sister's husband. It was then that he began to learn to sing Hengchun ballads. He returned to Hengchun in 1922.
A young street singer
In 1925, Chen Da started to sing Hengchun ballads in public together with his brothers, encouraged by the example of his elder brother who was already a professional folk singer. His intake used to consist of two or three bowls of boiled rice per day, and some small change. During the Great Depression which affected Japan and her colonies severely (and which also triggered the expansionist urges of Japanese capital and the aggressive course that the government embarked on by invading China), Chen Da's survival as a street singer became even more difficult.
Chen Da suffered a brain stroke in 1934. From then on he could not use his hands and feet properly. His mouth remained slanted, and his eyesight was badly impaired. As a handicapped person, it was almost impossible for him to earn a living in any other way than by singing. His life as a street singer condemned him to extreme poverty. Such poverty was, however, characteristic of the lives of the common people, most notably rent-paying peasants in rural districts.
The Post-war years
In the aftermath of World War II, Taiwan was handed over to Chinese rule. Chen Da continued his life as a street singer performing in the villages of remote districts of the rural south of Taiwan. It is not known how he reacted to the massacres of 1947 that came to be known as the February 28 Incident, or how he was affected by the subsequent years of White Terror.
As a poor and physically handicapped street singer, Chen Da found it impossible to marry. He lived with a widowed woman from 1946 until 1948, however. After their separation, this woman, surnamed Xie, gave birth to his only son.
In 1949, Chen Da lived at the east coast, in Taitung County. Here, he found another widow who was willing to live with him. Two years later, in 1951, the couple moved from Fugang Village (Peinan Hsiang, Taitung Hsien) to Hengchun Township.
In the 1951, Chen Da performed for the first time in a local cultural program. He was joined by another folk singer, Zhang Xi (長惜). As a duo, they improvised Hengchun folk songs.
Music scholars point out that Chen Da often improvised the lyrics. This was a common feature of Chinese folk ballad delivery. Various regional versions circulated and interpreters frequently changed the text, reacting both to given situations and the audience. Chen Da would also invent ballads spontaneously. For this reason, he has been referred to as a poet.
While there existed much space for spontaneous variation or fresh creation with respect to the lyrics in Hengchun folk music (恆春民謠 Hengchūn minyao), Chen Da – like other folk singers – used traditional tunes. The delivery of these tunes by the singer and the accompaniment on the yueqin or moon guitar was also marked by improvisation.
As a singer, Chen Da was a story teller. Improvisation of the stories told by this ballad singer was both a result both of Chen Da's restless life as a wandering bard (thus Helen Rees) and of the fact that he confronted changing audiences and paid attention to the situation that existed while he was facing a specific audience. It reflected his awareness of the events that 'moved' people. But above all, it shows his rootedness in an oral tradition and his illiteracy which made it impossible to refer to and merely reproduce, in a slavishly 'faithful' manner, existing written lyrics.
On the occasion of the traditional Mid-Autumn Festival in 1951, Chen Da was invited for the first time to take part in a ballad singing contest (民謠歌唱比賽). This contest took place at the Fu An Temple (福安宮) in Checheng Village (車城鄉). It was the first folk singing contests held at the Fuan Temple. Since 1951, it has taken place every year.
For Chen Da, participation in the contest was a small breakthrough. Still, not everyone in South Taiwan respected him. Jen Shangren remarks that in the eyes of some local citizens, he was just a "beggar" performing in the streets, hoping to get a few mao (cents) in order to survive. Jen Shang-ren also notes, however, that Chen Da "received considerable acclaim from his audience and deeply touched them" when performing.
The early and mid-1960s
Since 1960 until his death the folk singer lived alone, as the woman he had lived with since 1949 left him in that year. His domicile remained a simple, straw-thatched "hut at Shawei Road (砂尾路 ) in Hengchun Township" until his death in 1981.
His biography says very little about Chen Da's life as a street singer in the early 1960s. White Terror and KMT rule had initimated large segments of the population since 1947. It chilled the atmosphere on the island and it is hardly possible that this did not have an effect on street performances. Both ways: it made singers and audiences careful and apprehensive, and it must have fanned veiled commentaries by a singer who is known to have commented, in his ballads, on social ills and historical injustice. This sly resistance, worthy of The Good Soldier Švejk, a proverbial figure invented by the satirical writer Jaroslav Hašek, is even more likely in a social-cultural setting far from the cities, with an audience that consisted almost exclusively of non-Mainlanders who suffered from considerable discrimination under KMT-rule.
'Discovered' in 1967
The White Terror] enacted in the wake of the massacres of 1947 receded somewhat in the second half of the 1960s. But being suspected could still mean death. Between the end of the Pacific War and the late 1960s, a considerable number of citizens were executed. The US Vice Consul in Taipei at the time of the February 28 Incident gives an estimate of 20,000 merely for the massacres in late February, 1947; others put that figure at 30,000. About 140,000 citizens received long prison sentences when suspected of opposition to the dictatorship of Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石).
The trial and sentencing of the poet Bo Yang in the spring of 1968 shows that there is no reason to talk of a 'liberalization' of the regime in this period. Apparently in retribution for cartoons drawn by him, Bo Yang, who was also a cartoonist and journalist, was imprisoned from March 7, 1968, to April 1, 1977, under extremely harsh conditions in the labor camp on Green Island, Taiwan – a concentration camp for political prisoners since 1947.
While dissidents were still silenced by severe repression, making it impossible to speak of a softening of the regime's policies, foreign economic historians point out, however, that a 'liberalization' occurred in the economic sphere. One of its consequence was a considerable worsening of the material situation of rural producers, largely due to the decline of the rice price in the late '60s and the '70s. Liberalization in the economic sphere also brought no freedom for workers to strike or organize. Trade unions and strikes remained banned under martial law until 1987.
If the regime itself was not becoming more liberal, politically, and the life of peasants and generally the common people in the rural districts turned from bad too worse while folks in the working class quarters of the large cities suffered from low wages, abysmal pollution, and poor housing conditions, then at least many young middle-class people could escape the repressive situation in Taiwan by studying abroad. Many came back as liberals.
It took two liberal composers trained as ethno-musicologists in the West, (Shi Weiliang史惟亮) and , to 'discover' Chen Da in 1967. Liu Ching-chih notes that Hsü Tsang-Houei (a composer and professor who became very involved in folk music research as an ethnomusicologist) had pursued advanced studies in West Germany in the 1960s. Having returned to Taiwan in 1965, he "set up the Chinese Youth Music Library" in 1966 and started to "collect national music." Shih Wei-liang was also a "composer, musicologist and professor."
Thus, the year 1967 became a turning point in Chen Da's life as a folk artist even though he hardly realized this at the time. Chen Da was actually discovered by chance during field work undertaken by Shih and Hsü in South Taiwan. Presenting the more general context that led to Chen Da's discovery, Liu Ching-chih writes that "(i)n 1976, Shih and Hsu Tsang-houei [had] founded the Research Center for Chinese Ethnomusicology, and started a tide of enthusiasm for the collection of folk songs. They systematically collected more than 3,000 songs from the plains and mountains of Taiwan, the largest-scale collection campaign ever carried out in the island. However, lack of funding meant that the work continued for only two years."
The two researchers patterned their field trip according to the paradigm established by the folk music researchers John and Alan Lomax in the 1930s. They had a good sense of quality. When they encountered Chen Da in Hengchun, they were immediately impressed by his style of singing, the tonality, the authenticity of his ballads.
At the time, Chen Da "was already old and half blind, but still able to improvise long ballads telling stories and teaching morals. His simple and straightforward voice and lyrics (we)re deeply moving..." Chen Da was valued highly as a musician, both due to the emotional expressivity of his singing style, and the honesty his audience as well as most music scholars discovered in his delivery.
As Liu Ching-chih writes, "the important question is whether or not a work of music expresses the true thoughts and emotions of the composer" respectively the creative ballad singer, "or, to put it another way," whether or not he "has made full use of his capacity for musical expression (technique) and moral strength (honesty)." Referring to socially and politically committed music, Liu added, "There are some good examples from the Anti-Japanese War" that showed how such music need not necessarily become cheap and superficial music, thus mere propaganda.
A folk music craze on Campus leads to Chen Da's first record
The advent of the Campus Folk Song Movement (xiaoyuan minge yundong 校園民歌運動) in Taiwan – that was inspired by the American folk music revival – improved the perception and degree of appreciation of folk music in the early 1970s. The folk music revival in the U.S. had peaked in the second half of the 1960s. Partly due to the presence of American GIs, transferred to Taiwan – from the Vietnam battleground – for R&R (rest and recreation), songs by Bob Dylan and others, but also U.S. rock music arrived in Taiwan and were heard not only in U.S. clubs but also in Taiwanese avant-garde venues like the Scarecrow Coffee House and the Columbia Restaurant (both in Taipei) during the early 1970s.
Commercial labels, radio and television slowly took note, as a small educated public discovered its taste for folk songs – especially American and British folk singers like Bob Dylan, Joan Baez or Judy Collins. Later, as the Campus Folk Song Movement gathered speed, it also led to the emergence of socially and politically committed new Taiwanese respectively Chinese folk music in Taiwan. It thereby created a receptive cultural environment (at least on campus) that made possible the discovery of Chen Da not only by musicologists but by campus youths.
The presence of an urban audience that cared for foreign folk music encouraged Prof. Shih (史惟亮) and Hsu (許常惠) to contact a record company, on behalf of Chen Da, although without his knowledge. In 1971, they were able to invite the old folk singer to Taipei. The music critic Yatin Lin later on commented that "Shih Wei-liang (史惟亮) and Hsu Chang-hui (許常惠) ... brought him to the capital city of Taipei to record albums to preserve this 'dying' singing style." In 1971, one album featuring Chen Da was recorded. It was entitled "A Folk Musician: Chen Da and his Ballads."
The song from this album that became most widely known is the long ballad Sixiang qi (Thoughts Arising). As Shen Shiao-Ying noted, "the song 'Ssu Hsiang Ch'i' (Sixiang qi)" is "an old Taiwan ballad made popular by Chen Ta (Chen Da)." Shen Shiao-Ying adds that the ballad is heard at the beginning and in the final sequence of a popular Chinese film entitled Farewell China (1990).
According to the music director of the film, Mr. Shen Sheng-te, "the song expressed an all-encompassing Chineseness." In Shen Shiao-Ying's opinion, it also "expresses lament toward the tragic state of Chinese people who have left their homeland."
The interpretation offered by Shen Shiao-Ying reflects the sadness expressed by the ballad and by Chen Da's particular rendition. Shen Sheng-te's reading of the ballad accentuates Chen Da's attachment to the Chinese motherland and his longing for reunification. The latter sentiment was later on also expressed by another ballad Chen Da sung that remembered, in an allusive way, the massacres in the wake of February 28, 1947. Sadness has been a recurrent characteristic of Chen Da's songs, but so has been their penchant to "remember."
Chen Da's "encounter" with a regime "interested" in him
The media and certain scholars have claimed that the early 1970s brought a certain relaxation of the repressive policies that the K.M.T. continued to enact until the lifting of martin law in 1987. In 1972, Chiang Ching-kuo (蔣經國), the eldest son of Chiang Kai-shek, became prime minister in Taiwan. Perhaps Chiang Ching-kuo (who had a noteworthy record already, as head of the secret police) read the signs of the time when he began, as prime minister, to make modest overtures directed at those citizens who had been discriminated and intimidated in the past. Political parties that could function as opposition parties remained forbidden and trade unions remained outlawed. But now soap operas using the Taiwanese dialect (spoken by the vast majority of the islanders) appeared on television.
In September 1973, in the context of a policy that aimed to coopt native Taiwanese citizens, a group of about one hundred senior citizens from South Taiwan were invited by a Christian Welfare Association close to the KMT to take part in a bus tour to Taipei. The folk singer Chen Da was among those selected for the tour, perhaps in view of the fact that he was by now moderately well known in Northern Taiwan.
The members of the group were guests of a so-called welcome party organized by the mayor of Taipei that was also attended by a high-ranking aide of Premier Chiang Ching-kuo for P.R. reasons. Subsequently, the KMT-controlled press reported that Chen Da "praised and thanked the government" and that he was "profoundly impressed" by Premier Chiang, cherishing the photo of the premier that he had received and keeping it as a precious memory. Under the existing conditions, Chen Da had hardly any choice but to show himself "impressed."
Chen Da's real position towards the KMT became apparent when Premier Chiang came to Hengchun later on, in the context of one of his public relation tours. The premier sought to see the folk singer, apparently hoping to win sympathies among native speakers of Taiwanese. Chen Da avoided him, however, by hiding somewhere. Later on, he claimed diplomatically that he was 'sad' that he had missed the chance to meet Chiang Ching-kuo.
The follow-up to this reveals a lot about both the regime and the singer. Feeling (or fearing) negative consequences, Chen attempted subsequently to see the premier in Taipei. As he approached the presidential palace and tried to enter, he was arrested by the military police, described as 'deluded' and locked away for a brief period in a psychiatric hospital. "In the hospital, he fiddled with his old yueqin" and began to sing – while improvising the lyrics, as he would usually do: "(...) '... how can my destiny be so sad, subject to such treatment...! I am no psychopath.'(...)" For those who reported these words, they were merely proof of delusion or the approaching dementia of an old and ill-educated man. For others, they document the way his creativity as a singer-songwriter worked. He would seize the moment, and was always inspired by what moved him, emotionally and intellectually.
The folk singer Chen Da – a symbolic figure since 1976 or 1977
Wind of Spring or A period of so-called liberalization in Taiwan
On April 5, 1975, the ailing dictator Chiang Kai-shek (蔣介石) died at the age of 87. It became easier for persons with a regional Taiwanese rather than mainland Chinese background to pursue careers within the K.M.T. government. For some, the cooptation policy seemed to work. KMT membership increased. On the other side of the political spectrum, dissidents became more daring. Xiangtu wenxue literature 鄉土文學 (referred to by many scholars abroad as Taiwan Nativist Literature) began to flower. It was sharply attacked by most scholars and journalists close to the KMT from the beginning. The reason was that like the works of writers connected with the May Fourth Movement, it was considered as subversive. The books of May Fourth authors like Zhang Ailing (Eileen Chang張愛玲), Qian Zhongshu(錢鍾書), Xiao Hong(蕭紅), Lao She (老舍), Cao Yu (曹禺), Mao Dun (茅盾) and especially, Lu Xun (魯迅) were banned in Taiwan throughout the martial law period.
During the 1970s, it was mentioned on campus that books by these authors were available only to loyal professors at Chengchi (Political) University in Mucha (Muzha) for research purposes. The books were kept in a "poison cabinet" reserved for "dangerous literature" to which only "dependable" persons with a proven academic interest had access. But otherwise, it was forbidden to possess such books. They could not be published and should not be read by average citizens in Taiwan.
The Coca Cola Incident: Li Shuangze and the emergence of the "Sing your own songs movement"
The mid-1970s were also a period when the Campus Folk Song Movement (xiaoyuan minge yundong 校園民歌運動) gathered speed. From its start, singer-songwriters like Hu Defu (胡德夫), "Yang Xian, Li Shuangze, Wu Chuchu and Yang Zujun" were involved in this movement. Hu Defu and Li Shuangze (李雙澤) had both been singing American folk songs at the Scarecrow, opposite Taida, in the early 1970s. They met at this place and became friends.
By the mid- and late 1970s, the Campus Folk Song movement became commercially successful, though only as segment of the market controlled by the local "music industry." A typical Campus Folk Song or School campus song (Chinese) in Taiwan was partly akin to American folk rock, partly more soft and sentimental. Campus Folk singer/songwriters would stick exclusively to Lyrics in English, at least in the early years.
Then, something remarkable happened. During a folk concert that took place on the Tamkang campus in 1976, the folk singer, writer and painter Li Shuangze (李雙澤) challenged the exclusive focus on U.S. folk music. It was a political and cultural scandal that became known in the furious KMT-controlled press as the "Tamkang Incident" or "Coca-Cola incident."
Li Shuangze, who was "a charismatic and heroic singer" and a Tangwai movement (dangwai 黨外) "activist," reached many university students. In the exuberant words of a young music critic writing in the Tamkang Times, he "shook the youth of his generation" out of their political passivity and cultural submission to Americanized tastes in music. He did so "by ... smashing a Coca-Cola bottle on the stage," shouting, Why don't you sing your own songs? Sing your own songs! before he started to sing during "a Tamkang Western Music Concert in 1976" – in Chinese! Obviously, he had been "taunting the audience(...)" because up to this point they had kept "favoring western songs."
It was the start of the Sing Your Own Songs Movement. Opposing the westernized Campus Folk Song Movement, "Li Shuangze, Wu Chuchu and Yang Zujun... launched campaigns for 'modern Chinese folk songs,' (or) 'new folk songs' (xin minge)" and sought for roots in Taiwan's socio-cultural reality, including its folk culture. Like Li Shuangze, the singer Yang Zujun (楊祖珺) worked closely together with Liang Jingfeng (Liang Ching-feng 梁景峰) who wrote the lyrics of several songs, among them the lyrics of Meilidao (Formosa), sung by Li Shuangze. The song Meilidao later became the anthem of the Tangwai movement and provided the name for an important opposition journal, Meilidao or Formosa Magazine.
The new folk songs that were written can be considered for the most part as protest songs. "The songs were composed through fusing instrumental and melodic elements from American folk rock, along with the expression and themes from Chinese folk music, both of which were familiar to the youth of the time. Songs from the genre are characterize as having a forward-looking, optimistic, simple, and youthfully naive feel (...)"
In its opposition to Westernization (xihua 西化), the "New Folk Song" (xin minge 新民歌) movement or Sing your own songs movement [that is to say, the Sing your Chinese – i.e. Mandarin and/or Taiwanese and/or Hakka – protest songs movement] was allied with the authors and readers of Taiwan Nativist Literature movement: with xiangtu literature. It also tended toward the Democracy (= Dangwai 黨外 ) Movement that challenged the KMT regime and its conservative backers abroad. But above all, the singer-songwriters and lyricists of this movement discovered Chen Da and soon got in touch with him.
It is well known that the 'folk craze' in the U.S. had not been unconnected with the civil rights movement and, somewhat later, anti-war sentiment and even active opposition to the war in Vietnam. In a similar vein, the new interest that developed since 1976 in new Taiwan protest songs (xin minge 新民歌) and, likewise, in traditional Taiwanese folk music, was re-enforced by the two parallel and simultaneous phenomena just mentioned: nativist (that is to say, socially critical, realist) literature (乡土文学 xiangtu wenxue) and the new Tangwai movement (subsequently referred to as dangwai (黨外) or pro-democracy movement).
Now, Chen Da became a point of reference, and soon a symbolic figure. The affinity of 'nativist literature' and Chen Da's folk songs was recognized by the xiangtu novelist and Dangwai activist Wang Tuoh (Wang Tuo 王拓) in 1977. In his collection of essays entitled Alley Drums, Wang Tuo deals with nativist literature and its definition. He reflects on the reasons why it became a target and object of controversial debate in the media. He also deals with the allegation (voiced in the KTM-controlled media at the time) that it was subversive. He focuses on the history of Chinese literature in Taiwan since the end of the civil war in 1949. And he deals with the folk music of Chen Da as well as the paintings of Hong Tong – folk paintings that are akin in essence to the nativist literature.
Despite the fact that Chen Da had been able to record his first album in 1971, he had to wait five more years, till 1976, before Prof. Shih Weiliang (史惟亮) and Prof. Hsu (許常惠) were finally able to obtain a chance for him to sing on TV. In that same year, Shih (史惟亮) and Hsu (許常惠) also made Chen Da's participation in a folk concert possible. And they saw to it that he could make some money by singing in a Taipei restaurant, in all likelihood the Scarecrow restaurant. The reaction in the press was surprisingly positive. The desolation expressed by his ballad was noted, the poetry of his lyrics was praised, the accompaniment on his yueqin admired.
What the press did not say when Chen Da was praised, was that there was a reason why his ballads were sad. They were sad because Taiwan's history and the experience of the common people was sad. The regime required that the fine advance made under its leadership should be extolled. The desolation expressed by Chen Da's songs was the same desolation, however, that was also expressed by the socially critical novels and short stories of Wang Tuoh (Wang Tuo 王拓;, b. 1944), Chen Ying-chen (Chen Yin-zhen 陳映真, b. 1937), Yang Ch’ing-ch’u (Yang Qingchu 楊清矗;, b.1940), Wu Cho-liu (Wu Zhuoliu 吳濁流 (1900–1976)), or even Hwang Chun-ming (Huang Chunming 黃春明), and by the poems of Bo Yang (柏楊;). Three years later, in late 1979, Wang Tuoh and Yang Ching-chu would be arrested and sentenced to long prison terms for their political commitment to the democracy movement, like many other Dangwai activists. Sad ballads reflected not only the situation of Chen Da but generally of the common people in Taiwan.
Also in 1976, "Prof. Shih Weiliang (史惟亮), who was already sick in bed with lung cancer, was worried about the plight of Chen Da, and contacted the Harvard Business Foundation for Education and Culture in June in order to discuss the possibility of producing an album of this folk musician in the U.S.; the proceeds of the record should then go to Chen Da."
When Shih Wei-liang (史惟亮) died in early 1977, Chen Da sang his famous ballad "Sixiang qi" during the memorial union in Taipei.
In early 1977, people who wanted to help Chen Da and who knew that he had a hard time trying to earn a living, helped him to get an offer to perform in Taipei. Thus, Chen Da performed (again?) at the "Scarecrow restaurant" in Taipei in January, and once more in April, 1977. He was now already past 70.
Li Shuangze and others invite Chen Da to sing on campus in Tamsui
In March, 1977 when Chen Da was back in Hengchun, he sent a letter to Professor Hsu (許常惠) saying that his life was very difficult. It had remained so despite a few public performances in North Taiwan and despite the recognition accorded to him by ethno-musicologists like Hsu and by young urban lovers of folk music. As a consequence, a letter, written by Prof. E. Lin (林二教授 ), appeared in the "United Daily News" that appealed to the public to face the plight of folk artists.
Then, on March 31, 1977, Chen Da participated in the "Night of Chinese folk songs" (Zhongguo minsu geyao zhi ye / 中國民俗歌謠之夜) that took place at Tamkang University. It was the first time Chen Da performed in front of a mass audience. The event had been organized by pro-democracy (dangwai 黨外 ) activists. The choice of Tamkang was hardly accidental. The campus in Tamsui was perhaps less efficiently controlled due to the fact that Tamkang was a private institution.
Among those very active in organizing this event, Li Shuangze (李雙澤) as well as three of his friends, the lecturers Liang Jingfeng (Liang Ching-feng 梁景峰 ), Lee Yuan-chen (Li Yuanzhen 李元貞, a feminist activist) and Wang Ching-ping (Wang Jinping 王津平) must be mentioned. They all played a role in the 'Tangwai movement. Before and after the concert, proscribed music cassettes with Taiwanese folk songs had been distributed on campus. As Nimrod Baranovich later noted, "[t]he simple technology and low cost in cassette recording made the production and dissemination of alternative, unofficial culture easier than ever before."
Of all the songs the crowd heard in that night, a song by Chen Da is well remembered that referred allusively to the "February 28 Incident" (er'erba shijian 二二八事件 : the massacres on 2/28/1947 by the KMT army and police). It was a love song, ostentatively of the sort sung by fisherfolk, and the singer had managed to artfully weave two, two and eight into the text: obviously a strong accusation of the KMT dictatorship which had outlawed and would punish any talk about the events of February 1947. The longing that the fisher and his distant beloved felt for each other was immediately understood as a poetic expression of the deep longing for reunification with the motherland. Several years later this longing waned in many dangwai activists. Some, like the writer Wang Tuoh, became disillusioned with the 'motherland' after visiting the PR China. Democracy mattered as much as social justice, after all. But this was after the lifting of martial law in Taiwan. By that time, Chen Da and the night of Chinese (rather than Taiwanese) folk song in Tamkang was a memory already.
Chen Da's second album and his collaboration with Lin Hwai-min
On February 10, 1978, Prof. Hsu (許常惠) was in charge of the first recording session done for a collection of albums by various Chinese folk musicians that he was putting together as "editor-in-chief." The first album was to feature Chen Da's rendition of Hengchun folk ballads.
In November 1978, the writer, choreographer and dancer Lin Hwai-min, founder and 'director' of the internationally acclaimed Cloud Gate Dance Theater, invited Chen Da to record a ballad that was then integrated into a dance performance entitled "Legacy." Professor Yan Lüfen (顏綠芬) recalls the recording session and a bit of conversation between Lin and Chen Da: "In 1978, Lin Huai-min decided to create (sc. the dance theater performance) Legacy. He went to the recording room (sc.with Chen Da). The old man put down the yueqin (i.e. his moon guitar) and asked what he should sing today. Lin said, Sing "Tangshan guo Taiwan de gushi" (唐山過台灣的故事). Chen Da, with his desolate hoarse voice, improvised the song "Sixiang qi zuxian xian xinguo Taiwan" (思想起祖先鹹心過台灣)..." Chen Da's reaction to Lin's suggestion says a lot about the old man. Incidentally, Prof. Yan was not the only one who noted the beauty of Chen Da's "hoarse voice," a quality he had in common with Bob Dylan (for instance).
On Dec.16, "Legacy" had its premiere in Chiayi, Central Taiwan. "Legacy" was performed both in Taiwan and Japan. As Yatin Lin noted, "Chen Da's epic songs about Taiwanese immigrants laid the blueprint for Lin's Legacy, with Chen's hoarse voice inserted as interludes between dance sections [of Lin Hwai-min's Cloud Gate Dance Theater]. Through such narrative and musical associations, the transition from identifying with an 'imaginary' home in mainland China [...] to a new 'home' [...] was being proposed" by the choreographer, in the opinion of Yatin Lin. In other words, Yatin Lin interprets Legacy and Chen Da's delivery of Sixiang qi as an endorsement of a Taiwan identity that includes the latest wave of immigrants from the mainland. This is an interpretation, however, that is influenced by the direction in which the thought of many Dangwai activists developed in the 1980s and 1990s.
Thanks to Professor Hsu (許常惠), who acted as producer/editor, Chen Da recorded a second album in 1979. The album, entitled Chen Da, Hengchun ballads ("Chen Da yu Hengchun diao shuochang" 《陳達與恆春調說唱》), was released in August 1979. According to a critic, the album included a noteworthy "piece of Hengchun social realism," a ballad entitled "The Gangkou Incident / Ah Yuan and Ah Fa –Tragic story of a father and a son." 《港口事件─阿遠與阿發父子的悲慘故事》(Gangkou shijian / A Yuan yu A Fa fuzi de beican gushi").
This ballad was just another proof of Chen Da's commitment to social justice. In the words of the critic, who noted ""Chen Da's verdant and luxuriant singing," the ballad opened "another 'page' in a history of blood and tears (...)" of the island. It is not for nothing; however, that this critic describes the style of singing as 'verdant,' that is to say, fresh and characterized by surprising improvisation (very much like Taiwan's 'green' vegetation) as well as 'luxuriant' – thus 'rich' and characterized by surprising musical inventiveness. It goes to show that "social realism" need not be drab.
More recordings appeared posthumously, notably Songs of A Mountain Town (山城小唱 Shancheng xiao chang), published in 2000 by Wind Records in Taipei 台北.
Chen Da's occasional performances in Taipei restaurants (and his appearance on television) had not lifted him above the position of a representative of a music genre that lacked the prestige of classical music. Folk music was a minor art, in the eyes of the cultural bureaucracy and of many members of the upper class and the middle class. Performing in these small Taipei venues had been a step on the way to being better known in Northern Taiwan, however. It had targeted a small public that had a specific kind of music (including blues, foreign and Chinese folk music) at heart. Quite a few were artists, writers, in short, intellectuals who saw Chen Da as one of their own, as a "Nativist" – somebody rooted in the native culture of the common people, just like the realist literature that focused on Taiwan and its social problems. All of this let him pose no hazard to the regime, from the point of view of the bureaucracy, as long as there had been no mass audience.
The concert of March 1977, in Tamkang, had been a different matter: Here, Chen Da had been playing in front of a crowd. The event showed that he could move people. It turned him, more than ever, into the symbolic figure that Wang Tuoh saw in him. He was a man who sang in Taiwanese. He was a man who had sung a ballad that was banned when the censors began to understand the allusive way in which the massacres that started on February 28, 1947, were remembered.
Chen Da's Performances on Campus in the wake of the December 1979 crack-down
That Chen Da could move and inspire people, became especially significant in 1980, a year that was to usher in a period of enormous tension. In that year, not without reason, he was again invited to perform in front of a crowd at the Tamkang 淡江 campus. When he came, the performance had an implicit symbolic significance: that of resistance.
It was a resistance that was necessitated by the crackdown that began with the Kaohsiung Incident in December 1979. In late 1979 and early 1980, more than one hundred Dangwai leaders and many ordinary Dangwai activists had been arrested in the wake of their participation in the banned International Human Rights Day demonstration in the South Taiwanese port city of Kaohsiung (the so-called Kaohsiung Incident). The leading dissidents had received long prison sentences. Among them were the novelists Chen Yinzheng and Wang Tuoh, and women's rights activist Annette Lu.
The political climate would remain tense throughout the first half of the 1980s while the sentiment of resistance was increasing in the population. The regime reacted in its own way. In 1983, for instance, Lu Hsiu-yi (盧修一) – a teacher at the Chinese Cultural College who had studied in France – was arrested and sentenced to prison for "presumption of rebellion." Presumption of rebellion was indeed a weird charge, a bit like suspicion of being a subversive – a typical charge between 1947 and 1970. Lu Hsiu-yi was only released in 1986 when the regime, under internal pressure in the streets, was finally beginning to release political prisoners.
Like others, Chen Da braved the climate of the crack-down in 1980. He would not only sing in Tamkang – the campus where he had first performed in front of democracy movement supporters and activists, three years ago. Now, he was also invited to a number of other universities. Again, he performed in front of enthusiastic crowds. It is likely that they were lovers of the native folk music heritage. But, for the most part, they were Tangwai movement supporters and dangwai sympathizers who saw the concerts as an act of defiance.
In the course of 1980, Chen Da performed at the Chinese Cultural College (Wenhua文化, today known as Chinese Culture University), at National Chengchi University in Mucha (a Taipei suburb), and then at the Kaohsiung Junior College as well as the Pingtung College of Agriculture, both in South Taiwan.
There were also other tertiary institutions that made Chen Da's participation in folk concerts possible in 1980. None of these concerts amounted to a distraction from issues that moved people at the time. They constituted no innocent entertainment; they were acts of cultural resistance organized by students and academics. Those who participated, singers, audience and organizers of the event, were aware of it. The army officers stationed on campus were aware of it. They had always watched what students were doing and they had received daily reports about 'suspicious' words spoken by teachers in the context of their courses and lectures. All of them knew that the events reflected widespread popular resentment of the crack-down in the wake of the so-called Kaohsiung incident (also known as the Meilidao incident). If the dangwai leaders were jailed, at least the normal people could demonstrate obvious dissent, in the face of a government bent on silencing dissent.
The Final Year
Chen Da is known to have derived a sense of satisfaction from singing and playing the yueqin (or moon guitar) in front of other people. He knew that he had something to say and wanted to say it. But he also would play his instrument and sing all by himself. Even though he was an old man – an illiterate person from a poor peasant family in the South Taiwanese countryside, and yet a poet, as several scholars have emphasized –, he must have understood the situation that Taiwan faced when a policy that had brought limited though reluctant "tolerance" of opposition was reversed in Dec. 1979. In 1980, Chen Da had traveled a lot and taken part in quite a few campus-based folk concerts. There had been an echo. But the performances had also produced a lot of stress and fatigue. Returning to Hengchun from these tours, he seems to have felt at a loss what to do.
A biographer speculates that perhaps his energy was waning in his last few months. Some observers have suggested a certain aimlessness. They claim that, in the last year of his life, he was often seen wandering in the streets. It is unclear whether he had ceased to perform in the final days of his life. Some journalists close to KMT-newspapers have even claimed after his death that he was increasingly deluded in the last few years of his life. This is unlikely, in view of his many important concerts in 1980. If it is not a purposeful denunciation, perhaps they misread symptoms of loneliness and fatigue.
On April 11, 1981, carrying his yueqin with him as usual, Chen Da was trying to cross a road in his hometown, Hengchun. All of a sudden, progress – or should one say, modernization? – hit him, in the form of a speeding tourist bus. The old folk singer died on the way to the hospital, at age 76.
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Tsai, Pei-Shan (Cài Pèishān蔡佩珊). "Cong minyao kan Taiwan nüxing de jianren --- yi "qing hezi sao" wei li 從民謠看台灣女性的堅韌－以《青蚵仔嫂》為例 (Recognizing the tenacity of Taiwan's women in folk music --- "Qing hezi sao / Green oyster Sister" as an example)," in:
Wang, Tuo (王拓 ). Jie xiang gu sheng 街巷鼓聲 (Alley Drums). Taipei (Yuan hang chuban she 遠行出版社 )1977. - A collection of essays, also about Chen Da.
Wang, Shou-Nan. "Chiang Kai-shek and the Promotion of the Chinese Cultural Renaissance Movement," in: Chinese Studies in History, vol. 21, no.2 (Winter 1987-1988), pp. 66–90
Wang, Ying-fen. "Taiwan: From Innocence to Funny Rap," in: Simon Broughton, Mark Ellingham with James McConnachie and Orla Duane (eds.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin and North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific. An A-Z of the Music, Musicians and Discs, New Edition. London (Rough Guides Ltd.) 2000, pp. 235–240.
Wible, David (ed.). Beyond Yixing: the ceramic art of Ah Leon. Taipei (Purple Sands Publishers) 1998. - (Contributors: Claudia Brown, Ching-liang Chen, Garth Clark)
Xu, Li-sha (=L.Hsu 徐麗紗 ) and L. Lin (Lin Liangzhe 林良哲). Hengchun bandao juexiang: you chang shiren Chen Da shenming zhi lü 恆春半島絕響：遊唱詩人──陳達生命之旅 (The lost art of Hengchun peninsula – the wandering bard Chen Da). Taipei (Chen Mingzhang yinyue gongzuo youxian gongsi 陳明章音樂工作有限公司 Chen Ming-chang Music Ltd.) and I-lan, Taiwan (National Center for Traditional Arts 國立傳統藝術中心 - Guoli chuantong yishu zhongxin) 2006. 219pp.- , (available at: East Asian Library; Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 United States) – The English title was also translated as: The Hengchun Peninsula Vanishes: The Troubadour Chen Da. Journey of A Life.
Xu, Li-sha (徐麗紗), preface by L. Lin (Lin Liangzhe林良哲). Cong ri zhi shiqi changpian kan Taiwan gezixi 從日治時期唱片看臺灣歌仔戲/ Album from the Japanese colonial period featuring Taiwanese opera. I-lan, Taiwan (Guoli zhuan tong yishu zhongxin 國立傳統藝術中心 ) 2007
Yang, Hui-Ting. Selected Taiwanese Songs of Hsiao Tyzen.
Florida State University, Ph. D. thesis, 2006.
Zhao, J. (Zhao Jingyu 趙靜瑜; Reporter)."Huangshan pi ye de minjian tanchang chuanqi Chen Da 荒山僻野的民間彈唱傳奇陳達" (Chen Da: Singing & Playing Legend of the Wild, Secluded Huang Shan ('Barren Mountain')), in: Liberty Times (Taipei), Oct. 9, 2005.
Sound recordings
Chen Da
Chen Da 陳達, "A Folk Musician: Chen Da and his Ballads" 民族樂手《陳達和他的歌》Minzu yue shou 'Chen Da he ta de ge' (also translated as "Folk musician - Chen Ta and his songs"), ed. by Prof. Shih (Shi Weiliang). Recorded 1971. - Released June 1, 1977, according to one source. (See: ).
Chen Da 陳達, "Chen Da -Hengchun ballads《陳達與恆春調說唱》Chen Da yu Hengchun diao shuochang / Heng-ch'un tiao shuo ch'ang." Sanchong City,Taiwan (Firstophone / Di yi chang pian chang you xian gongsi) 1979. -This is part 1 of: "A special album of Chinese folk music" 中國民俗音樂專輯 Zhongguo minsu yinyue zhuanji, edited by Prof.Hsu(Tsang-heuei Hsu / Changhui Xu 許常惠 ). Sanchong Shi,Taiwan (Firstophone Di yi chang pian chang you xian gongsi) 1979-1982. 15 sound discs : 33 1/3 rpm, stereo, 12 in. / Music LPs : Folk music.
Chen Da 陳達， "Thoughts Arising: Chen Da Sings. 思想起：陳達自彈自唱 Sixiang qi: Chen Da zi dan zi chang." Taipei: (Taiwan Commercial Press台灣商務印書館 Taiwan shangwu yin shuguan ) 1998. Music compact disc.
Chen Da 陳達, . "Si xiang qi: music from the Cloud Gate Dance Theatre's ballet Legacy." 思想起 雲門舞集《薪傳》舞劇音樂. Sixiang qi yunmen wu ji "xin chuan (Xin zhuan)" wuju yinyue. Taipei / Taibei Shi (Taiwan shangwu yin shuguan 臺灣商務印書館 Taiwan Commercial Press) 1999. (1 sound disc (10 min.): Compact disc. Issued with "Tai-wan hou lai hao so tsai".) Ch’en Ta, vocal and yueqin (moon guitar) accompaniment.
Chen Da 陳達, "Songs of a Mountain Town" 山城小唱 Shancheng xiao chang (Fulao Folk Songs in Taiwan Island). Taipei 台北 (Wind Records / Wind Music International Corporation / 風潮唱片 Fengchao changpian / Fengchao yinyue guoji gufen youxian gongsi) 2000. Music compact disc. 1 sound disc : digital ; 4 3/4 in. + 1 pamphlet (35 pp., illustr., 13 x 14 cm.) Producer: 吳榮順 Wu Rongshun --(陳達，2000，山城小唱/陳達珍貴錄音夢幻再現。台北：風潮唱片，音樂) - Recorded in 1961-1967 in Hengchun and Pingtung.
Chen Da 陳達，"Chen Da 陳達, Hengchun ballads 陳達與恆春調說唱 Chen Da yu Hengchun diao shuochang / Heng-ch'un tiao shuo ch'ang." Ed. by Prof. Hsu ( Xu Changhuì 許常惠). Taipei 台北 ( First Audio 第一影音 Di yi yingyin) 2000. Compact disc。
Chen Da 陳達 ，"Chinese [music] 198. : Tape no. II.2, Chern Dar and his songs complete set." Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, Publisher) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 36 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Reproduced copy from Pian Collection open reel (7 in.). Recordings from other unknown commercial recordings.
Chen Da with others
"A special album of Chinese folk music" 中國民俗音樂專輯 Zhongguo minsu yinyue zhuanji, edited by Prof. Hsu (Tsang-heuei Hsu / Changhui Xu 許常惠 ). Sanchong Shi,Taiwan (Firstophone Di yi chang pian chang you xian gongsi) 1979-1982. 15 sound discs : 33 1/3 rpm, stereo, 12 in. / Music LPs : Folk music. (Part 1. Ch'en Ta yü Heng-ch'un tiao shuo ch'ang = Ch'en Ta and Heng-ch'un tune minstrelsy; Part 2. Ch'en Kuan-hua yü Fu-lao hsi yin yüeh = Ch'en Kuan-hua and Fo-lao folk music; Part 3. T'ai-wan shan pao ti yin yüeh: A-mei tsu min ko = music of Taiwan aborigines: The folk songs of the Ami; Part 4. T'ai-wan shan pao ti yin yüeh: Pi-nan tsu yü Ya-mei tsu min ko = The music of Taiwan aborigines: Folk songs of the Puyuma and the Yami; Part 5. Su-chou t'an-tz'u = Suchow minstrelsy ; Part 6-7. Chang T'ien-yü ti min su ch'ü i (1-2) = The Chinese folk minstrelsy of Chang T'ien-yü (1-2) ; Part 8. T'ai-wan ti Nan kuan yin yüeh = The music of Nan-kuan: a southern school; Part 9. T'ai-wan shan pao ti yin yüeh: A-mei, Pi-nan = The music of Taiwan aborigines: The Ami, The Puyuma; Part 10. T'ai-wan shan pao ti yin yüeh: Pu-nung, Shao, Lu-k'ai, Ta'i-ya = The music of Taiwan aborigines: The Bunun, the Thao, the Rukai, the Atayal; Part 11. T'ai-wan shan pao ti yin yüeh: Ts'ao, P'ai-wan, Sai-hsia, Ya-mei, P'ing-p'u = The music of Taiwan aborigines: The Tsou, the Paiwan, the Saisiyat, the Yami, the plain aborigines; Part 12. Miao-li Ch'en Ch'ing-sung pan ti K'o-chia Pa-yin = The Hakka Pa-yin music of Miao-li Ch'en ensemble; Part 13. Chang-hua Li-ch'un-yüan ti Pei-kuan yin yüeh = The Pei-kuan music of Chang-hua Li-ch'un-yuan; Part 14. Ch'en Pi-hsia ti K'o-chia min yao = The Hakka folk songs by Lai Pi-hsia; Part 15. Hsiang-kang Tung-shan Ch'ao chü t'uan ti Ch'ao-chou hsi = The Ch'au-chou stage music of Hong Koong Tung-shan Ch'au-chou stage troupe.)
"A special album of Chinese folk music" 中國民俗音樂專輯 Zhongguo minsu yinyue zhuanji / Zhonghua min su yi shu ji jin hui; Min su yinyue yan jiu zhong xin., edited by Prof. Hsu (Tsang-heuei Hsu / Changhui Xu 許常惠 ). Taipei / Taibei Xian Sanchong Shi (Firstophone / Di yi chang pian chang you xian gongsi) 198-? . Musical cassettes : Cassette recordings : Folk music : Chinese: 20 sound cassettes : analog, stereo. – (1. Chen Da and Hengchun Tune Minstrelsy—2. Chen Guanhua and Fu-lao Folk music—3-4. The Music of Taiwan aborigines—5. Suchoin Tanci (Suchow Minstrelsy) -- 6-7. The Chinese folk minstrelsy of Chang Tianyu—8. The music of Nan'guan (A Southern school) -- 9-11. The Music of Taiwan aborigines—12. The Kakka Bayin (8 instruments) music of Miaoli Zhen Ensemble—13. The Beiguan music of Changhua Lichunyuan—14. The Hakka folks songs by Lai Bishia—15-16. The Chaozhou stage music of Hong Kong Dongshan Chaozhou stage troupe—17. Drum & dance theater. Early stage of Kua Theater—18. Middle stage of Taiwan Kua Theater, "The maid kept his umbrella"—19. Tayal songs & saisets' songs—20. Hakka's theater of "tea-picking.")
(Chen Da 陳達 et al.), "Chinese folk music," Vol. 1-3. 中國民間音樂. Zhongguo minjian yinyue, edited by Prof. Hsu (Tsang-heuei Hsu / Changhui Xu 許常惠 ). With Guan-Hua Chen (Chén Guānhuá 陳冠華.); Chen Ta (Chen Da 陳達,); P'i-hsia Lai (Lai Bishia賴碧霞,); Zh.Yang (Yang Jinchi 楊錦池.); Cheng Song-fu (程松甫): Ma Yuan-liang (馬元亮); Gu Zhen-sheng (顧振聲.); Fong-song Liu (Liu Fengsong劉鳳松); Fong-t'ai Liu (Liu Fengdai. 劉鳳岱.); Ch'ing-song Chen (Chen Qingsong 陳慶松 ); Ch'ang-hu Hsu (Xu Changhu 許常惠). Taipei (Shuping shumu chuban she chuban 書評書目出版社出版) Book Reviews & Bibliographies Publisher) 19--? (3 sound discs : analog, 33 1/3 rpm, stereo; 12 in.) - Program notes in containers in Chinese and English.
(Chen Da 陳達 et al.), "Hometown Songs · Songs about rivers and lakes" 故鄉的歌・走唱江湖Guxiang de ge, zou chang jianghu. Taipei / Taibei Shi (Rolling Stones Audio Publishing Limited / Gunshi yousheng chuban she youxian gongsi 滾石有聲出版社有限公司 ) 1992. - Singers: Chen Da, 1st work: Si xiang qi (11:38); Chen Guanhua, 2nd work; Chen Xueli and Lin Qiuxue, 3rd work; and Cai Zhennan, 4th-8th works.
Chen Da陳達 et al., (Mixed recordings of traditional Chinese folk songs, workman's songs and Buddhist chants). Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, Publisher) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 10 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Recordings from other unknown radio broadcasts/commercial recordings. Reproduced copy from Rulan Chao Pian Open Reel Collection (5 in.) - Live recording. - Contains: "Pole carriers -- Work bound --Work songs -- Solo boatman's song --Mixed work songs --Buddhist chants" (by Chen Dar and Ju Dagang).
Chen Da陳達 et al., Singing Instrumental processional [music] ; Buddhist chants ; Wedding processional (music). Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, publisher) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 10 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Recordings from other unknown radio broadcasts/commercial recordings. Reproduced copy from Pian Collection open reel (5 in.) - Contains: Buddhist chants—Wedding music—Song sung in unknown Chinese dialect by Chen Da—Ju [ju] da gang.
Chen Da陳達 et al. "Vocal styles." Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, publisher) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 11 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Recordings from other unknown radio broadcasts/commercial recordings and live performances. Reproduced copy from Pian Collection open reel (5 in.). Contains: 1. Chen Da's ritual song (sung in unknown Chinese dialect) -- 2. A Buddhist chant—3. A ballad opera selection.
Ab(h) Bing 阿炳, and Chern Dar (Chen Da陳達), "Chinese 198. Tape IV.4, Ab(h) Bing and Chern Dar" (Chen Da陳達), Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, publ.) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 6 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Reproduced copy from Pian Collection open reel (5 in.). -Recordings from other unknown radio broadcasts/commercial recordings. Recordings of musical performance (san xian and yue qin) performed by Ah Bing (Abing) ; with unknown Chinese song sung by Chern Dar (Chen Da).
"Chen Da Sings Buddhist Chants; (with) Du Shiniang." 陳達 佛曲 ; 杜十娘. Chen Da Fo qu ; Du Shiniang. Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, Publisher) 2008. - 1 sound disc (ca. 12 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Reproduced copy from Pian Collection open reel (5 in.). Recordings of live performance. (Zhao Rulan, i.e. Rulan Chao Pian personal recording collection)
Xi He 西河 (da gu大鼓 = drums); Chen Da陳達 (ge qu 歌曲= sings)] etc., "Xi He [dàgǔ] Chen Da [gequ]. Kuai Shu. Yueju. 西河[大鼓] 陳達[歌曲]. 快書. 越劇.." Hong Kong (Chinese University of Hong Kong University Library System, publisher) 2008. 1 sound disc (ca. 10 min.) : digital ; 4 3/4 in. - Recordings from other unknown radio broadcasts/ OR commercial recordings. Reproduced copy from Rulan Chao Pian Open Reel Collection (5 in.)
Hengchun folk songs, other Taiwanese folk songs
Shang-Jen Chien (Jian Shangren), "Voices of eternal spring : A study of the Heng-chhun tiau song family and other folk songs of the Heng-chhun area, Taiwan." Pingtung (Pingtung County Government) 2010. (Orig.: Thesis (Ph.D.) - University of Sheffield, Dept. of Music, 2009). Book, with CDs. 381 pp. : ill. ; 30 cm. + 2 sound discs (digital; 4 3/4 in.) - Accompanying compact discs (!!!) contain recordings of folk song excerpts.
"Hengchun folk ballads" 恆春民謡 Hengchun minyao. By X.Zhang (Zhang Xinchuan 張薪傳., B. Zhang (Zhang Bilan. 張碧蘭.), D. Zhu (Zhu Dingshun 朱丁順)., W. Zhang (Zhang Wenjie 張文傑), Y. Chen (Chen Ying 陳英.), Xiuquan Xu (Xu Xiuquan 許秀全.). Pingtung (Pingtung County Government屛東縣政府 Pingdong xian zhengfu) 199-?. Music CD, 1 sound disc (74 min.): Digital, stereo; 4 3/3 in., lyrics in Chinese (1 folded sheet) inserted in container. --Sung in Southern Min dialects. Performer(s): Zhang Xinchuan (1st-2nd works), Zhang Bilan (3rd work), Zhu Dingshun (4th-5th works), Zhang Wenjie (6th, 9th works), Kending guo xiao min yao ban (7th-8th works), Chen Ying (10th work), Zhang Wenjie, Xu Xiuquan, Chen Ying (11th work). Contents: 1. Sixiang zhi (6'00") - 2. Si ji chun (3'45") - 3. Niu mu ban (7'14") - 4. Si gui chun (4'36") - 5. Niu mu ban (5'50") - 6. Sixiang zhi (5'16") - 7. Si xiang zhi (3'19") - 8. Pingpu diao (3'12") - 9. Wu kong xiao diao (14'46") - 10. Si gui xiang (8'57 ") - 11. Niu mu ban (12'59").
"June Jasmine: Taiwan Folksongs." By Yousheng Lin (conductor); Shanghai ai yue yue tuan Shanghai Philharmonic Orchestra. Hong Kong (Naxos Digital Services Ltd.) 2004. Audio CD. (Contents: June jasmine - Flower in the rainy night - Peach blossom village - Hengchun folksong - Song of mount - Penny song - Jilted song - If the gong sounds - Spring dream by the riverside - Bleakness in the heart - Peach blossom crossing the river - Four red seasons.)
Takaaki Masu (ed.), "Folk music from Japan, the Ryukyus, Formosa, and Korea." Collectors' series; Columbia world library of folk and primitive music, vol. 11.(Sung and played by native musicians.) - Collected and edited by Genjirō Masu (pseud.).] - Notes and texts on Japan prepared by Otome Daniels, RP Dore, and CJ Dunn; on Ryukyus, by FJ Daniels; and on Korea, by Zong in Sob. Table of contents keyed to map on album cover. Romanized texts with English translations included in notes bound in album. Contents: Sado o-kesa—Esashi oiwake—Otemoyan—Tai-ryō-bushi—Tsugaru yama-uta—Yagi-bushi—Matsuri hayashi—Kuroda-bushi—Kiyari bushi—Dodoitsu—Kappore—Mogami-gawa-funa-uta—Chakkiri-bushi—Mo-ashibi—Ashibi komocha—U-gusuku-guena—Kariushi—Hya-odori—Basinuturi-bushi—Ts'ai-ch'a-ku—Welcoming the bride—Smasalom—Marasitomal—Pisila-railas—Sabrisal—Wan kan tzai—Miruyan araran—Sushim-ka—Taki taryon—Kyon fun-taryon—Sonju-pri—Chun-taryon.
See also
Chen Yingzhen
Music of Taiwan
Yang Hsiuching
Shih Wei-liang (史惟亮)
Taiwanese Hokkien
Wang Tuoh
Yang Ch'ing-ch'u (楊青矗
References
External links
臺灣歷史辭典 - 十一畫 - 陳達 Taiwan lishi cidian - shiyi hua - Chén Dá (Historical Dictionary of Taiwan - Chen Da)
「紅目達仔」陳達的其人其歌 "Hong mu da zi" Chén Dá de qi ren qi ge ("Red eye" Chen Da and his songs) – Hong mu da zi 紅目達仔- "red-eyed distinguished son") was Chen Da's nickname back home. To make it sound more familiar in English, it has been translated as "Red eye" in this article.
"Chen Da" (biographical data), in: Musicians of Taiwan, (published by NCFTA) –This is a website of the Ministry of Culture, Taipei, Taiwan, China.
徐麗紗 (Li-sha Hsu = Xú Lì-shā), "陳達 Chen Da" (see also the book by Li-sha Hsu and Liangzhe Lin published in 2006)
王友蘭 (Wáng Youlán), "陳 達 " (Chen Da)
臺灣歷史辭典 - Historical Dictionary of Taiwan, 十一畫 - "陳達" (Chen Da)
P. Lin (林珀姬 Lin Poji), "Nian gechang qu jie youmen—tan Taiwan fulao geyao de changfa 唸歌唱曲解憂悶—談台灣福佬歌謠的唱法 (Reading the singing style of songs and interpreting sadness / On the rendition of Taiwanese Fulao Songs)," in: - Online copy of a printed article by Associate Prof. P. Lin (Department of Traditional Music chuántǒng yīnyuè xì傳統音樂系副教授, Taipei National University of the Arts Guólì táiběi yìshù dàxué 國立臺北藝術大學)
J. Zhao (Zhao Jingyu 趙靜瑜 Reporter),"Huangshan pi ye de minjian tanchang chuanqi Chen Da 荒山僻野的民間彈唱傳奇陳達" (Chen Da: Singing & Playing Legend of the Wild, Secluded Huang Shan ('Barren Mountain')), in: Liberty Times (Taipei), Oct. 9, 2005. Also online: – With a photo of Chen Da and Prof. Hsu.
"Yueqin," in:
Prof. Shang-Jen Chien (Jian Shangren簡上仁), "Zhuanti yanjiang: Taiwan minyao de zaisheng yu xiwang /專題演講：台灣民謠的再生與希望 (Keynote Speech: Taiwanese folk song, regeneration and hope)," in: Ji hua yuanqi 計畫緣起 (Project Origin), 2009 Symposium, National Pingtung University of Education (Guoli Pingdong jiaoyu daxue 國立屏東教育大學 )
Permanent Exhibit: Nativist Taiwan Literature
Coral Lee (ed.), "Critical Reading / Taiwan's Indomitable Homegrown Literature," in: Taiwan Panorama, August 2003, p. 86. (About Nativist Taiwan Literature) - Also online:
"Taiwan (Republic of China)" . - See the paragraphs on "Music". Specifically Holo folk music.
"“Yang Ch’ing-ch’u" 楊清矗 and 楊青矗
N.N., "3. Yinyue zhi ben, tongren zhi xin / 音樂之本，同人之心 ", Oct.3, 2011. (Contains the text of the song 'Thoughts Arising' /sixiang qi (in Chinese, not in English)
N.N., "Kuangye de beige ──Chen Da /曠野的悲歌──陳達 (Chen Da - The Wilderness Elegy) – Biography of Chen Da; ed. / published by Hengchun tazhen xuehui 恆春拓真學會 (Hengchun True Development Association)
N.N., " Chen Da suiyue - Chen Da (3) 陳達歲月 - 陳達 (The Chen Da Years)" (Includes photos of Chen Da, of his hut, his grave; also of Prof. Shih史惟亮 and Prof. Hsu 許常惠, etc.)
Prof. Yan Lüfen (顏綠芬),"Yinyue yu xiangtu zhi lian," in: Chengguo zhanshì 成果展示 Achievements Exhibition (Refers to Chen Da's cooperation with Lin Hwai-Min.)
N.N., "Gannian Xu Changhui Hengchun minyao jixing 感念許常惠恆春民謠紀行 Appreciating Prof.Hsu's Travel Notes on Hengchun Folk Music," more specifically the paragraph titled "Ban sui zhuo luoshan fengchuan lai "sixiang qi" gesheng / 伴隨著落山風 傳來《思想起》歌聲" (mainly about the ballad "Sixiang qi 思想起." The article appeared initially in the magazine published by the National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra for public relations purposes; it was also published online the website of the National Taiwan Symphony Orchestra / Guoli Taiwan jiaoxiang yuetuan 國立台灣交響樂團.
Pei-Shan Tsai (Cai Peishan蔡佩珊),"從民謠看台灣女性的堅韌－以《青蚵仔嫂》為例 (Cong minyao kan Taiwan nüxing de jianren --- yi "qing hezi sao" wei li / Recognizing the tenacity of Taiwan's women in folk music --- "Qing hezi sao / Green oyster Sister" as an example)," in:
N.N., "Luo Dayou yanzhong de liang'an zui weida de yinyue ren 羅大佑眼中的兩岸最偉大的音樂人 ("The two sides of the greatest musician in the eyes of Luo Da-you "), in: https://web.archive.org/web/20120815151052/http://www.lotayu.org/2012/01/blog-post_7838.html. - On Chen Da. - 歷史報道 Lìshǐ bàodào Historical report.
Jen Shyu, "Looking Back (moon lute)," from "Inner Chapters" by Jen Shyu.
Wind Records
1900s births
1981 deaths
Taiwanese Hokkien pop singers
20th-century Taiwanese male singers
Folk singers
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tabakhane%2C%20Nicosia
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Tabakhane, Nicosia
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Tabakhane is a historic neighborhood, quarter, Mahalla, or parish of central Nicosia, Cyprus, named after the tannery which formerly existed just outside the city walls, near Paphos Gate. Its name is the Arabic and Turkish word for tannery.
At the last census, conducted in 2011, Tabakhane had a population of 299, a sizable increase from its population of 204 in 2001.
The neighborhood covers nine streets in the south-centre of Nicosia, forming a compact area just west of Ledra Street. It stretches around Germanou Patron Street (formerly Usta Kadi), from its junction with Rigenis Street to that with Alexander the Great Street. The junction at Arsinoe Street is its centre.
According to the survey reported by George Jeffery (government architect) Tabakhane formerly extended as far west as Paphos Gate and was therefore close to the old site of the Tannery, which is now occupied by the Municipal Garden. But in 1912 the Quarter was reduced to its present bounds.
Tabakhane Mesjid
Tabakhane Mesjid, the mosque for the neighbourhood (currently closed), is located in Arsinoes Street just east of its intersection with Pericles Street (formerly Kalkancı Street).
The tanners originally had two mosques; one at the tannery — where there was also a shrine to their patron divine, analogous to the patron saint of a guild or occupation in the West — and one in the residential area, namely Tabakhane Mesjid.
History
Tabakhane is one of 24 historic neighborhoods within the walls of Nicosia. Many Turkish Cypriot tanners formerly worked at the tannery and lived nearby in Tabakhane.
During the Ottoman period it was counted as one of the Moslem quarters of Nicosia. Since then the Moslem character of the neighbourhood has waned, and in 1946, Tabakhane had a population of 757, consisting of 701 Greek Cypriots, twenty Turkish Cypriots, and 36 others. The last Turkish Cypriot in Tabakhane (Nezire Hanım of Pericles Street) died in 1960.
The population of Tabakhane during British rule in Cyprus was as follows:
In 1912 the boundary was redefined thus:
From the point on the outside wall of the fortifications facing Mukhtar Street along Mukhtar Street, Kiatip Zade Street, Imam Eff. Street, Kofteros Street, Kalkanji Street,
Kiatip Zade Street, Barouti Street, Hj. Christo Street, Kalkanji Street, Hj. Zannetto Street, Hissar Street, right up to the outside wali of the fortifications and thence along the outside
wall of the fortifications to the point facing Mukhtar Street.
These streets have subsequently been renamed:
Mukhtar Street: Basil Boulgaroktonos St.
Kiatip Zade Street: Arsinoes St.
Imam Eff. Street: Alexios Comnenos St.
Kofteros Street: Alexander the Great St.
Kalkanji Street: Pericles St.
Barouti Street: Phokionos St.
HajiChristo Street: Apollo St.
HajiZannetto Street: Rigenis St.
Hissar Street: Pal.Patron Germanos St.
Tannery
The tannery was originally located just outside the Paphos Gate, now the site of the Municipal Gardens. It was moved to the area of Köşklüçiftlik in 1886. The tannery workers were members of an ancient Moslem esnaf, or guild. Tanning, like butchery, requires the use of sharp knives, and Under Ottoman rule, it was a Muslim monopoly. The tanners worked within the framework of a traditional guild and had their own quarter of the city, Tabakhane. Work at the tannery was controlled by a council, represented on the Medji Idare (Nicosia district council).
The guild's monopoly was abolished in 1879 by order of the high commissioner.
References
Neighbourhoods of Nicosia
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41027399
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Paul%20Vesco
|
Jean-Paul Vesco
|
Jean-Paul Vesco, OP (born 10 March 1962) is a French prelate of the Catholic Church who serves as the Archbishop of Algiers. He has spent most of his clerical career in Algeria and was Bishop of Oran from 2012 to 2021. He is a member of the Dominicans and headed the French Dominicans from 2010 to 2012.
Biography
Jean-Paul Vesco was born on 10 March 1962 in Lyon. After earning a degree in jurisprudence, he practiced law in Lyon for seven years before joining the Dominicans in 1995, taking his vows on 14 September 1996. Vesco was ordained a priest of the Dominican order on 24 June 2001. His uncle, Jean-Luc Vesco (1934–2018), also a Dominican, was a biblical scholar who headed the École Biblique from 1984 to 1991 and led the Dominican province of Toulouse from 1976 to 1984. After studies at the École Biblique in Jerusalem, he moved to Tlemcen, Algeria, in the Diocese of Oran on 6 October 2002. This assignment reestablished the Dominican presence in that diocese six years after the assassination of its bishop, Pierre Claverie. From 2005 to 2010 he was vicar general of the diocese and from 2007 to 2010 he was also diocesan treasurer. On 16 October 2007 he was elected head of the Dominicans in Tlemcen.
In December 2010, Vasco was elected Prior Provincial of the Dominicans in France and took up his duties in Paris on 11 January 2011.
On 1 December 2012, Pope Benedict XVI appointed him bishop of Oran. He received his episcopal consecration on 25 January 2013 in the Cathedral of Oran from Cardinal Philippe Barbarin, Archbishop of Lyon, assisted by Ghaleb Moussa Abdalla Bader, archbishop of Algiers and Alphonse Georger, bishop Emeritus of Oran.
On 27 December 2021, Pope Francis appointed Vesco archbishop of Algiers.
On 27 February 2023, President Abdelmadjid Tebboune granted the Algerian nationality to Vesco, by virtue of presidential decree.
References
External links
1962 births
Living people
Clergy from Lyon
French Dominicans
French expatriate bishops
French Roman Catholic archbishops
Roman Catholic bishops of Oran
Roman Catholic archbishops of Algiers
21st-century Roman Catholic bishops in Algeria
|
41027413
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Left%20for%20Live
|
Left for Live
|
Left for Live is a live album by John Entwistle, who was the bassist for The Who.
In 1995, Entwistle put together a backing band with producer Steve Luongo that he christened as simply 'The John Entwistle Band'. The outfit also featured guitarist Godfrey Townsend and keyboardist Gordon Cotten with harmony vocals performed by all the members. The group documented their 1998 tour, during which they performed a mix of new, solo and classic songs from The Who.
The song "Under a Raging Moon" is written by John Parr (from St Elmo's Fire fame) and Julia Downes and is included on Roger Daltrey's 1985 solo album of the same name, the track is a tribute to The Who's drummer Keith Moon who died in 1978. It was said that Entwistle wanted to play this song instead of Won't Get Fooled Again at Live Aid with The Who but Pete Townshend disagreed so Entwistle wanted to record his own version instead as a tribute to Moon.
When Allmusic rated the album they said, "John Entwistle may be the most esteemed bass guitarist in rock & roll – and he's a proven songwriter, too. But while Entwistle's thundering basslines and seminal synthesizer work helped make the Who the godfathers of arena rock, Left for Live is a sorry imitation. Most of the album is just generic bluster."
Track listing
All songs written by John Entwistle except those noted
Personnel
John Entwistle – lead vocals, backing vocals, 8-string bass guitar, bass guitar
Godfrey Townsend – guitar, backing vocals
Steve Luongo – drums, backing vocals
Gordon Cotten – keyboards, backing vocals
References
John Entwistle live albums
1999 albums
1999 live albums
Albums produced by Jon Astley
Albums produced by John Entwistle
|
41027417
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drink%20a%20Beer
|
Drink a Beer
|
"Drink a Beer" is a song written by Jim Beavers and Chris Stapleton and recorded by American country music artist Luke Bryan. It was released in November 2013 as the third single from his fourth studio album, Crash My Party (2013), and became his seventh number one on the Billboard Country Airplay chart in February 2014. Bryan has described "Drink a Beer" as "the coolest sad song ever" and notes he connects with the story after having lost both of his siblings.
Content
The song is a country ballad about the unexpected loss of someone close. It tells the story of a character who honors the recent passing of a loved one by watching the sunset on the edge of a pier and drinking a beer, which they normally would have done together.
"Drink a Beer" takes a relatively unique approach to the theme of loss by addressing the "very raw, real emotion" that immediately follows the loss of a loved one rather than focusing on how a person copes in the long term or plans to move on and rebuild. Like Lee Brice's "I Drive Your Truck," critics and fans have noted that the subject matter of "Drink a Beer" is striking in its contrast to the party connotations of its title.
Critical reception
The song was well received by music critics, who praised the unprecedented vulnerability in Bryan's delivery. Billy Dukes of Taste of Country described the track as "poignant" and demonstrative of Bryan's ability to connect with an audience, while Christina Vinson of Taste of Country deemed "Drink a Beer" musically "fantastic" and lyrically "extremely touching". Roughstock editor Matt Bjorke indicated Bryan's impassioned vocals giving "an air of authenticity to the lyrics" as the reason for the song's effectiveness, and gave the song a four-and-a-half star ranking. Bjorke also compared it favorably to Miranda Lambert's hit "Over You" in suggesting the song has "the kind of powerful impact" to warrant nods for "Single of the Year" or "Song of the Year".
In HitFix′s review of Crash My Party, Melinda Newman labelled "Drink a Beer" the strongest track on the album (grading it an A–) while praising the "spare" production and noting that the song "doesn't try to be a tearjerker" and is more effective as a result.
Billboard and American Songwriter ranked "Drink a Beer" at number one and number six, respectively, on their lists of the 10 greatest Luke Bryan songs.
Commercial performance
"Drink a Beer" debuted at number 59 on the Billboard Country Airplay chart dated of November 16, 2013. It debuted at number 20 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Songs chart dated of November 23, 2013. It debuted at number 79 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart dated of November 23, 2013. It debuted at number 97 on the Canadian Hot 100 chart dated of November 23, 2013. The song reached its one million sales mark in the United States in April 2014. As of August 2015, it has sold 1,447,000 copies in the U.S.
Music video
The music video (which is Bryan's performance of the song at the 2013 CMA Awards) was directed by Paul Miller and premiered in December 2013.
Live performances
Bryan performed "Drink a Beer" at the CMA Awards on November 6, 2013. The performance was dedicated to his late siblings Chris and Kelly.
Lady Antebellum performed an emotional rendition of the song alongside co-writer Chris Stapleton as a tribute at the 2014 CMT Artists of the Year ceremony, after Bryan was forced to cancel his scheduled performance following the passing of his brother-in-law, Lee. The performance was considered one of the best moments of the show.
Charts and certifications
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
References
2013 singles
Country ballads
2010s ballads
Luke Bryan songs
Songs written by Chris Stapleton
Songs written by Jim Beavers
Songs about beer
Capitol Records Nashville singles
2013 songs
Songs about alcohol
|
41027421
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Back%202%20Back%20Vol.%202
|
Back 2 Back Vol. 2
|
Back 2 Back Vol. 2 is a 2-disc DJ mix by German trance duo Cosmic Gate. Released in 2005, each disc in the volume included mixed songs by the likes of Marco V, Alex M.O.R.P.H and other DJs. It was released on Black Hole Recordings.
Style
Similar to there EP "Different Concept" from 2004, it featured songs that had Trance influences but were mostly marked as Hard Trance. The first disc leaned more on progressive trance and normal trance. The second disc had a few normal trance songs, but mostly had hard trance songs in it.
Track listing
Disc 1
Cosmic Gate Feat. Jan Johnson - I Feel Wonderful (Cosmic Gate's From AM To PM Mix Edit)
Jonas Steur - Castamara
Gott & Gordon - Midnight
Lost Witness Feat. Tiff Lacey - Home (Mike Shiver Catching Sun Mix)
Alex MORPH - New Harvest
A Force Feat. Yahel - Behind Silence
Acues & Elitist - Zonderland (8 Wonders Mirage At Dusk Mix)
Pulser - Point Of Impact
T4L - Perfect Blend
Purple Haze - Adrenaline
Hammer & Bennett - Language (Santiago Nino Dub Tech Mix)
Cosmic Gate - Race Car Driver (Back 2 Back Mix)
Surge - Morningside (Back 2 Back Mix)
Nic Chagall Pres. Encee - Sansibar
Re-Locate - Absolum (Back 2 Back Edit)
Disc 2
E-Craig - Call It A Day (2:12 PM Mix)
Mark Norman - T-34
Jochen Miller - India (Miller Dub)
Cor Fijneman - Banger
Marco V - More Than A Life Away (Original Mix)
Mojado - Senorita (Mr. Sam Vision)
DJ Ray, A.K.A. Joy-T-Suko - Electric (Original Mix)
Marc Marberg - Guarana
Wippenberg - Earth
Joop - Another World
Marcel Woods - Cherry Blossom
Frisky Warlock - Trespasser
Bardini Experience vs. Chris P. - The Movie (Progression Mix)
Cosmic Gate - The Drums (Back 2 Back Mix)
64 Bit - Virtual Discotech 1.0 (Cosmic Gate Remix)
Cosmic Gate albums
2005 albums
|
41027429
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Arches
|
Richard Arches
|
Sir Richard Arches (died 1417), of Eythrope, in the parish of Waddesdon, Buckinghamshire, was MP for Buckinghamshire in 1402. He was knighted before 1401.
Origins
He was probably the son of Richard Arches of Eythrope (anciently Eythorpe, "Ethorp", etc.), by his wife Lucy Abberbury (or Adderbury), daughter of Sir Richard I Adderbury (c. 1331 – 1399) of Donnington Castle, Berkshire and Steeple Aston, Oxfordshire, twice MP for Oxfordshire. His family, whose name was Latinised to de Arcubus ("from the arches") had been established in Buckinghamshire since at the latest 1309, and held in that county the manors of Little Kimble, and in the parish of Waddesdon the estates of Eythrope and Cranwell.
The estate of Arches within the manor of East Hendred in Berkshire had long been held by a family which was called Arches or D'Arches Their heir was the family of Eyston. John Arches (d. circa 1405) of Arches was elected four-times as MP for Berkshire, in 1384, 1390, 1402 and 1404. A family relationship between the Arches families of Arches and Eythrope, which both bore the same canting arms of Gules, three arches argent, was suggested by Bertha Putnam in her work on Sir William Shareshull, but as was remarked upon by Woodger, her suggestion that Sir Richard Arches (died 1417) was the son of Ralph Arches, son of John Arches (d. circa 1405) of East Hendred was clearly physically impossible.
Career
Between 1394 and 1395 he took part in the first military expedition to Ireland of King Richard II and was knighted soon afterwards. He was elected MP for Buckinghamshire in 1402. He was appointed a Commissioner of Array for Buckinghamshire in 1403 and served as a Justice of the Peace for Oxfordshire from 1410 to 1412. In July 1417 he embarked in King Henry V's army for the conquest of Normandy, serving in the retinue of Thomas Montagu, 4th Earl of Salisbury (1388–1428). He died in Normandy on 5 September 1417, presumably killed in action.
Marriages and children
He married twice:
Firstly, before 1410, to Joan Ardern (born circa 1375), granddaughter and co-heiress of Sir Giles Ardern (died 1376) of Drayton, Oxfordshire, Oxfordshire, from whom she inherited the Oxfordshire manors of Horley, Ilbury and Wykeham. These thus became possessions of Sir Richard Arches, who moved his residence to Oxfordshire. She was the widow of William Greville of Horley, Oxfordshire, younger son of the great Gloucestershire wool-merchant William Greville (died 1401), of Chipping Campden, another of whose sons was the husband of Joan's sister Margaret Ardern. By Joan Ardern Richard Arches had the following two children:
John Arches (born 1410), aged 7 at his father's death, who died as a child shortly after his father, without issue, leaving his sister Joan his sole heiresses.
Joan Arches (1410–1497), who became a substantial heiress. She was a minor aged 7 at her father's death and in 1420 disposal of her marriage was granted to Thomas Chaucer, (died 1434), son and heir of the poet Geoffrey Chaucer and 14 times MP for Oxfordshire. Chaucer had acquired in 1415 most of the lands of Sir Richard Arches' uncle Sir Richard II Adderbury (died 1416), twice MP for Oxfordshire, which included Donnington Castle and manor, Berkshire. In 1421 at the age of 11 she also became heir to the lands of her half-brother Richard Greville (died 1421), of Ilbury in Deddington, Oxfordshire, MP for Oxfordshire in 1420, her mother's son from her first marriage. Joan was married to Sir John Dinham (1406–1458) of Nutwell, Devon. Their son and heir was John Dinham, 1st Baron Dinham (1433–1501), KG; they also had at least five daughters.
Secondly before May 1417, during the last year of his life, Arches married Joan Frome (c. 1386 – 1434), daughter and co-heiress of John Frome (died 1404) of Buckingham, Buckinghamshire and Woodlands (in Horton), Dorset, councillor to King Henry IV and 6 times MP for Dorset and once for Buckinghamshire. She was the widow of William Filliol (c. 1380 – 1416), MP and after Arches' death she remarried before March 1420 (as his 2nd wife) Sir William Cheyne (died 1442), Chief Justice of the King's Bench. Joan died on1 July 1434. She left a will dated 31 March 1420.
Lands held
In Buckinghamshire:
Oving
Little Kimble, held from the honour of Wallingford.
Eythrope, in the parish of Waddesdon, held from the honour of Wallingford. The Dinhams were later said to have made this estate one of their seats.
Cranwell, in the parish of Waddesdon, held from the honour of Wallingford.
Cuddington. Recorded in the 14th century as held by Geoffrey D'Arches. This manor descended to the Dinhams through Sir Richard Arches' daughter Joan.
Arches also inherited, or possibly purchased at reduced cost, five Oxfordshire manors from his childless uncle Sir Richard II Adderbury (died 1416), of Donnington Castle, Berkshire, twice MP for Oxfordshire. These manors were Souldern, Steeple Aston, Sibford, Ludwell, and Glympton. In addition, he acquired, via his first wife's inheritance, possession of the Oxfordshire manors of Horley, Ilbury and Wykeham.
Succession
His son and heir John Arches (born 1410) died as a child soon after his father's death, and thus his heir became his daughter Joan Arches, later the wife of Sir John Dinham (1406–1458) of Nutwell, Devon. Their son and heir was John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham (1433–1501), KG. The arms of Arches were later quartered by Lord Dinham and later by his heirs the Bourchier family, Earls of Bath.
References
Sources
Woodger, L.S., biography of Sir Richard Arches, published in The History of Parliament: House of Commons 1386-1421, ed. J.S. Roskell, L. Clark, C. Rawcliffe, 1993
, p. 377 (Baron Dinham)
1417 deaths
Year of birth unknown
English MPs 1402
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41027473
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luis%20Olvera%20Correa
|
Luis Olvera Correa
|
Luis Olvera Correa (born 28 January 1970) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. He currently serves as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Michoacán.
References
1970 births
Living people
Politicians from Michoacán
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
Deputies of the LXII Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Michoacán
|
41027474
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Asian%20Games%20records%20in%20bowling
|
List of Asian Games records in bowling
|
This is the list of Asian Games records in bowling.
Men
Women
References
18th Asian Games – Games Records
Records
Bowling
Asian
|
41027475
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arman%20Shahdadnejad
|
Arman Shahdadnejad
|
Arman Shahdadnejad (born February 19, 1989) is an Iranian footballer goalkeeper who currently plays for Mes Kerman.
Club career
Mes Kerman
Shahdadnejad started his career with Mes Kerman.
Club career statistics
References
External links
Profile at theplayersagent.com
Arman Shahdadnejad at PersianLeague.com
1989 births
Living people
Sanat Mes Kerman F.C. players
Iranian men's footballers
Sportspeople from Kerman province
Men's association football goalkeepers
|
41027476
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Josie%20Marcus
|
Josie Marcus
|
Josie Marcus may refer to:
Josephine Marcus, who later married Wyatt Earp
Josie Marcus (Scandal), a fictional character on the U.S. TV series Scandal
Josie Marcus, Mystery Shopper, a series of books by author Elaine Viets
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41027483
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uanhenga%20Xitu
|
Uanhenga Xitu
|
Agostinho André Mendes de Carvalho (August 29, 1924 – February 13, 2014), known by the pseudonym Uanhenga Xitu, was an Angolan writer and nationalist. Xitu was born in Calomboloca, and in 2009 was the oldest member of the parliament for the MPLA party.
References
External links
Uanhenga Xitu homenageado pelo seu 87º aniversário
Angolan writers
2014 deaths
1924 births
MPLA politicians
Members of the National Assembly (Angola)
Governors of Luanda
Health ministers of Angola
People from Bengo Province
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41027493
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fengcheng%2010%20Lu%20station
|
Fengcheng 10 Lu station
|
Fengcheng 10 Lu station (), formerly known as Yundong Gongyuan station, is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011, and renamed to Fengcheng 10 Lu station in June 2023.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027496
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa%20del%20Carmen%20Ordaz
|
María del Carmen Ordaz
|
María del Carmen Ordaz Martínez (born 6 February 1965) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRI. She currently serves as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Yucatán.
References
1965 births
Living people
Politicians from Yucatán (state)
Women members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
Institutional Revolutionary Party politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
21st-century Mexican women politicians
Deputies of the LXII Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Yucatán
|
41027497
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unidale%20Mall
|
Unidale Mall
|
The Unidale Mall is a shopping mall located at the intersection of University Avenue and Dale Street in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. The mall is in the Summit-University neighborhood just across from the Frogtown neighborhood. The Rondo Community Outreach Library is west across Dale Street. The Dale Street station on the Green Line is also at the intersection.
The idea for the mall was first started in 1971 as part of the Model Cities Program. The project's ideal result was to create a suburban shopping mall in the heart of the city. The project was pushed by neighborhood activists on city planners. Construction of the mall was completed in 1978 with the mall losing money from 1979 to 1989. In 1987 there were plans to move a nightclub and restaurant to the mall. The mall was owned and operated by Kraus-Anderson in 1988. The anchor of the store in 1989 was the Disabled American Veterans Thrift Store. Plans were brought up in 1989 to do a $6.3 million renovation so the mall could host "United Noodles Oriental Food Inc., a drug store, a food court, and several specialty shops."
A 1989 report on the surrounding neighborhood described the mall has a failure and noted the mall's perennial problem of finding suitable tenants. The tenants, such as a welfare office were not the type originally intended. The mall was described as nearly empty 1992 article detailing the problems the surrounding community faced. The mall appeared to be faring better in 2000 when the vice-president of Kraus-Anderson described the mall as fully leased. The mall has hosted a farmers' market on weekends in the parking lot since 1998.
The Saint Paul Public Schools district had plans to purchase the property to host adult literacy education and multicultural programs. The Saint Paul Area Learning Center moved to Unidale Mall on February 1, 1991. Those programs eventually moved out of the mall and became Gordon Parks High School.
Other reading
References
Buildings and structures in Saint Paul, Minnesota
Shopping malls established in 1978
Shopping malls in Minnesota
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41027504
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xingzhengzhongxin%20station
|
Xingzhengzhongxin station
|
Xingzhengzhongxin station () is an interchange station of Line 2 and Line 4 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027522
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fengcheng%205-lu%20station
|
Fengcheng 5-lu station
|
Fengcheng 5-lu station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027526
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plane%20Dippy
|
Plane Dippy
|
Plane Dippy is a 1936 Warner Bros. Looney Tunes cartoon directed by Tex Avery. The short was released on April 30, 1936, and stars Porky Pig.
In this cartoon, Porky has joined the United States Army Air Corps. Beans makes a cameo drawing a line on the floor during the "Spinning Test" sequence. Porky is tasked with operating a voice-activated robot aircraft, but the robot instead listen to orders given by random children.
This is also the first cartoon in the "Porky Pig" series.
Plot
Porky is looking to join the military. He briefly considers the Army's infantry division and the Navy, before deciding to join the Air Corps. When the recruiter asks Porky for his name, he responds, "Porky Cornelius Washington Otis Lincoln Abner Aloysius Casper Jefferson Philbert Horatius Narcissus Pig," a full name unused before or since. He writes "P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P-P" on the chalkboard that was given to him by the recruiter, which he then drops it on the floor.
Porky applies to one of the jobs. The sergeant (similar to MGM's Spike) sends Porky through a series of tests, which he fails disastrously. Because of his inadequate performance, while the other soldiers are being issued rifles, Porky is issued a feather duster and ordered to clean a voice-activated robot plane. Meanwhile, Little Kitty is playing with a puppy, and the plane's control unit picks up her voice. The plane takes Porky on an incredibly wild ride.
The plane destroys a military balloon (the crew parachute to safety). It levels a building except for the clock tower. It crashes through a circus tent, causing trapeze performers to do tricks on his plane. It goes through the ocean, chasing a fish and getting chased in turn by a whale. It even crashes into a wagon load of hay, turning the cargo into straw hats. It nearly destroys several other planes, but they nimbly escape. Finally, a number of other children show up and shout constant commands at the puppy, causing the plane to go totally berserk. Finally, the exhausted puppy's owner tells him to come home, and the plane does so, crashing into the hangar. Porky goes racing from the building and dashes into the office of the infantry division, proclaiming that he wants to "l-l-learn to m-m-march". The cartoon ends with Porky carrying a rifle and marching in formation with a number of other soldiers.
References
External links
Plane Dippy at the Big Cartoon Database
1936 films
1936 animated films
1936 short films
1930s science fiction films
American aviation films
American black-and-white films
Animated films about aviation
Films scored by Bernard B. Brown
Films scored by Norman Spencer (composer)
Films about the United States Army Air Forces
Films directed by Tex Avery
Beans the Cat films
Porky Pig films
Looney Tunes shorts
Warner Bros. Cartoons animated short films
Films about pigs
Animated films about cats
Animated films about dogs
1930s Warner Bros. animated short films
Animated films about robots
American robot films
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41027529
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shitushuguan%20station%20%28Xi%27an%20Metro%29
|
Shitushuguan station (Xi'an Metro)
|
Shitushuguan station () is a station on Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro which started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027530
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javier%20Orihuela%20Garc%C3%ADa
|
Javier Orihuela García
|
Javier Orihuela García (born 23 June 1955) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PRD. He currently serves as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Morelos.
References
1955 births
Living people
Politicians from Morelos
Party of the Democratic Revolution politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
People from Temixco
Chapingo Autonomous University alumni
Municipal presidents in Morelos
Deputies of the LXII Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Morelos
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41027536
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick%20Walsh%20%28bishop%20of%20Waterford%20and%20Lismore%29
|
Patrick Walsh (bishop of Waterford and Lismore)
|
Patrick Walsh (died 1578) was an Irish prelate who served as the Bishop of Waterford and Lismore from 1551 to 1578.
A graduate of Brasenose College, Oxford, he was appointed the Dean of Waterford on 9 March 1547. Four years later, Walsh was nominated the Bishop of Waterford and Lismore by Edward VI of England on 9 June 1551 and was consecrated by royal mandate on 23 October 1551. He retained the deanery of Waterford until he resigned it on 15 June 1566. After the accession of Queen Mary I, Walsh was recognized bishop by the Holy See in 1555/1556. But following the accession of Queen Elizabeth I, Walsh supported the crown's reformation legislation in the 1560 Irish Parliament. In a letter of 12 October 1561, the papal legate Fr David Wolfe SJ described all the bishops in Munster as 'adherents of the Queen'. Bishop Walsh was appointed to an ecclesiastical commission for enforcing the royal supremacy in June 1564. Described as a 'crypto-catholic' in 1577, Walsh had custody of the papal Bishop of Cork and Cloyne, Edmund Tanner, who described him as 'the heretical bishop of Waterford'; and persuaded him to make a 'strictly private' rejection of the Protestant faith.
Bishop Walsh died in 1578, and was described as a 'confirmed heretic' by the Franciscan Thomas Strange.
Notes
References
|-
Year of birth unknown
1578 deaths
16th-century Irish bishops
16th-century English bishops
Bishops of Waterford and Lismore (Church of Ireland)
Roman Catholic bishops of Waterford and Lismore
Alumni of Brasenose College, Oxford
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41027553
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daminggongxi%20station
|
Daminggongxi station
|
Daminggongxi station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027555
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F%20Belediyespor
|
Elazığ Belediyespor
|
Elazığ Belediyespor was a Turkish sports club from Elazığ, Turkey.
The club played in blue and black kits, and did so since their formation in 1989.
Stadium
The team played at the 14,000-seat capacity Elazığ Atatürk Stadium.
League participations
TFF Third League: 1997–2002, 2011–2014
Turkish Regional Amateur League: 1989–1997, 2002–2011
References
External links
Mackolik.com
Football clubs in Turkey
1989 establishments in Turkey
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41027558
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1988%20International%20Gold%20Cup
|
1988 International Gold Cup
|
The 13th round of the 1988 B.A.R.C./B.R.D.C. Lucas Formula Three British Championship, saw the series visit Oulton Park for the 23rd International Gold Cup, on 21 August.
Report
Entry
A total of 33 F3 cars were entered for this round of the British F3 Championship. Come race weekend only 27 arrived in Cheshire for qualifying.
Qualifying
JJ Lehto took pole position for Pacific Racing Team in their Toyota-engined Reynard 883, averaging a speed of 109.608 mph.
Race
The race was held over 20 laps of the Oulton Park circuit. Gary Brabham took the winner spoils for the Bowman Racing team, driving their Ralt-Volkswagen RT32. The Aussie won in a time of 30:29.17mins., averaging a speed of 108.967 mph. Brabham’s victory will 21 years after his father, Sir Jack Brabham, last won the Gold Cup. Second place went to JJ Lehto in Pacific Racing Team’s Reynard-Toyota 883, who was only 1.4 of a second behind. Another son of a famous racer, Damon Hill completed the podium for the Cellnet Ricoh Racing/Intersport Racing Team in his Toyota engined Ralt RT32. Completing the Brabham family domination of the race, Gary’s younger brother, David won the National Class, also in a Jack Brabham Racing prepared Ralt-Volkswagen.
Classification
Race
Class winners in bold
Fastest lap: JJ Lehto, 1:30.68ecs. (109.874 mph)
References
British Formula Three Championship
International Gold Cup
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41027562
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longshouyuan%20station
|
Longshouyuan station
|
Longshouyuan station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September, 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027569
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anyuanmen%20station
|
Anyuanmen station
|
Anyuanmen station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027575
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marcelina%20Orta%20Coronado
|
Marcelina Orta Coronado
|
Marcelina Orta Coronado (born 11 August 1968) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the PAN. She currently serves as Deputy of the LXII Legislature of the Mexican Congress representing Tamaulipas.
References
1968 births
Living people
Politicians from Tamaulipas
Women members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico)
National Action Party (Mexico) politicians
21st-century Mexican politicians
21st-century Mexican women politicians
Deputies of the LXII Legislature of Mexico
Members of the Chamber of Deputies (Mexico) for Tamaulipas
|
41027584
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marion%20Reed%20Elliott%20House
|
Marion Reed Elliott House
|
The Marion Reed Elliott House is a historic house in Prineville, Oregon, United States. Built in 1908, it is the largest and best-preserved Queen Anne style house in Prineville. It is also significant as one of a handful of surviving structures that were built by prominent local contractor Jack Shipp (1858–1942). Marion Elliott (1859–1934), an educator and successful attorney, lived in the house from its construction until his death. Both men's careers benefited from the economic boom that occurred in Prineville in the first decades after railroads began reaching Central Oregon around 1900, the period when the Elliott House was built.
The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.
See also
National Register of Historic Places listings in Crook County, Oregon
Notes
References
External links
Images from Oregon Digital Collections, University of Oregon Libraries
1908 establishments in Oregon
Houses completed in 1908
Queen Anne architecture in Oregon
National Register of Historic Places in Crook County, Oregon
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Oregon
Prineville, Oregon
Houses in Crook County, Oregon
|
41027586
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beidajie%20station
|
Beidajie station
|
Beidajie station (), is a station of Line 1 and Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
The station is the first interchange station of the Xi'an Metro.
Gallery
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027608
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2001%20Formula%20Rally%20Championship
|
2001 Formula Rally Championship
|
The 2001 Formula Rally Championship was a one off series for rally cars running to Super 1600 regulations. The championship was run as a replacement for the cancelled 2001 British Rally Championship. Technical regulations stated that cars must not cost more than $100,000 and only 4 mechanics were allowed to work on a single car in services to control costs. Rallies in the series also counted as point scoring rounds for the one make Ford Puma, Ford Ka, Volkswagen Polo and Peugeot 106 championships. The series was won by 1998 British Rally Champion Martin Rowe after Justin Dale and the Peugeot Works Team were excluded from the championship due to a homologation issue at the final round. The same homologation issues also led to the exclusion of the Works Proton team and its driver Mats Andersson. Ford were the manufacturers champions.
Calendar
Entry List
Drivers Championship
Manufacturers Championship
References
Rallybase
British Rally Championship seasons
Formula Rally Championship
British Rally Championship
|
41027609
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zhonglou%20station
|
Zhonglou station
|
Zhonglou station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027610
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citadel%20Square%20Baptist%20Church
|
Citadel Square Baptist Church
|
Citadel Square Baptist Church was the fourth Baptist church built in Charleston, South Carolina. The church began as an outgrowth of the First Baptist Church when, in 1854, a dozen members sought permission to establish a new church for the upper peninsula. The new church was to have been known as the Fourth Baptist Church but, when an existing Baptist church closed, leaving only three Baptist churches, the name was changed to Citadel Square Baptist Church. The name refers to the church's location on upper Meeting St., immediately across from Marion Square, which at the time was the location of the Citadel.
The Charleston architectural firm Jones & Lee designed the building and construction of the church at 328 Meeting St. began in June 1855. The new building was opened on November 23, 1856. A hurricane in 1885 blew over the original steeple and a year later, the 1886 Charleston earthquake damaged the tower. The tower was repaired and a steeple designed by the Boston, Massachusetts architect Edward Silloway was installed. Following Hurricane Hugo, which blew the steeple off of the church, it was rebuilt at 210 feet, shorter than the steeple of St. Matthew's across Marion Square; the choice was to avoid a race for the tallest steeple.
A Sunday school building added in 1891 was replaced in 1921. In 1911 the existing organ was replaced with two new organs (a three-manual great organ and a celestial organ) built by the Moller Company, controlled by a single console. In April 1951, an educational building was added to the campus.
The church was the first in Charleston to televise its services, doing so for more than 40 years until ending the practice in 1998.
Seven churches have been created under the auspices of Citadel Square Baptist Church including the Emma Abbott Memorial Chapel.
Steve Heron has served as Lead Pastor since August 2017 when a church plant merged in with Citadel Square to strengthen the existing congregation.
References
Churches in Charleston, South Carolina
|
41027615
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yongningmen%20station
|
Yongningmen station
|
Yongningmen station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027620
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Allison%20Sturtzel
|
Howard Allison Sturtzel
|
Howard Allison Sturtzel (1894–1985) was an American writer, including of popular children's books. He wrote books with his wife, under the name Jane and Paul Annixter. The couple's novel work, primarily equestrian fiction, consisted of four books, two of which were a part of the "A Penny of Paintrock" series. In addition, the couple are also accredited for over 500 short stories. The couple enjoyed an active and natural lifestyle in Pasadena, which reflected in their writings that most often involved animals and nature.
In 1920, Sturtzel married Jane Levington Comfort, daughter of writer Will Levington Comfort, the latter having mentored and collaborated with Sturtzel. Born on June 22, 1903, in Detroit, Michigan, Jane Comfort was also a writer: her first novel, an autobiographical work of her relationship with her father, was entitled "From These Beginnings", and was published in 1937. Her father had introduced her to writing at an early age, and influenced her early writings, in part with assigned readings that allowed written expression and reading to become an important part of her life. When Jane Comfort's husband suffered writer's block many years later, she collaborated with him as Jane Annixter. Other works of hers can also be found under her maiden name of Jane Levington Comfort, including the adult novel, "Time Out for Eternity" (New York, Dutton, 1938), and the short story Nedra Closes the Door (Holland's Magazine, 1934). Among the items of correspondence of artist Agnes Lawrence Pelton archived at the Smithsonian Institution's Archives of American Art are "many addressed to Jane Levington Comfort." Jane died on January 13, 1996.
In 1950, A. A. Wyn published a book by Paul Annixter entitled "Swiftwater," about a backwoods family trying to protect a herd of wild geese. Disney created the movie, Those Calloways, based on the book, in 1965.
References
External links
Annixter, Paul, 1894–1985
1894 births
1985 deaths
American children's writers
20th-century American women writers
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41027624
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanshaomen%20station
|
Nanshaomen station
|
Nanshaomen station (), is a station of Line 2 and Line 5 of the Xi'an Metro in China. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027625
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Churchbridge%20Junction
|
Churchbridge Junction
|
Churchbridge is a road junction situated between Churchbridge and Bridgtown in Staffordshire. It links the A5, A34, and A460 to the adjacent M6 Toll.
The junction is a magic gyratory, which means that it is similar to a magic roundabout, except that the constituent roundabouts are connected by lengths of roadway.
The current junction layout was created in 2002–2003, incorporating the M6 Toll.
The junction is a source of congestion. The Highways Agency planned improvements in 2014, these were completed in early March 2015. The cost of the work is £2.9 million.
References
Road junctions in England
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41027637
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiyuchang%20station
|
Tiyuchang station
|
Tiyuchang station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027638
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winchester-East%20Meon%20Anticline
|
Winchester-East Meon Anticline
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The Winchester-East Meon Anticline is one of a series of parallel east–west trending
folds in the Cretaceous chalk of Hampshire. It lies at the western end of the South Downs, immediately to the north of the Hampshire Basin and south-east of Salisbury Plain.
Structure
The fold is around long, running from north of Michelmersh near the River Test to East Meon in the valley of the River Meon. In the Winchester area the core of the anticline has been eroded to expose the older Cenomanian Zig Zag Chalk formation in Chilcomb and Bar End (the 'Lower chalk'). This is surrounded by progressively younger rings of the Turonian Holywell Nodular Chalk and New Pit Chalk Formation (the 'Middle chalk') and the Coniacian Lewes Nodular Chalk and Santonian Seaford Chalk Formation ('Upper chalk'). This results in a near-complete ring of inward-facing chalk scarp slopes including Magdalen (Morn) Hill to the north, Chilcomb Down, Cheesefoot Head and Telegraph Hill to the east, Deacon Hill, Twyford Down and St. Catherine's Hill to the south. To the west, cut off by the valley of the Itchen are Compton Down and Oliver's Battery.
The core of the anticline is crossed by the M3 motorway, completed in the 1990s. In order to avoid the Itchen Valley close to Winchester this cuts deeply through the younger beds to the north and south. Here the structure has dips of around 10° on the northern side and around 2° to the south.
To the east of Winchester the fold swings southwards towards East Meon as the Winchester-Meon Pericline. This has a slightly westward plunge, reflecting the axis of the Wealden Anticline. To the west of the Meon is Beacon Hill. Towards the eastern end near Warnford the West Melbury Marly Chalk member is exposed in the Meon Valley and at East Meon; this represents the bottom of the chalk. Between these outcrops lie Old Winchester Hill and Henwood Down.
To the west of Winchester the fold runs on slightly southwards through Farley Mount. To the south-west across the Test is a similar fold, the Dean Hill Anticline.
Parallel folds to the north include the Winchester-King's Somborne Syncline, the Stockbridge Anticline and the Micheldever Syncline. As with other nearby folds, the structure is controlled by movement of fault blocks within the Jurassic strata below.
The anticline has been explored for hydrocarbons, especially around Cheesefoot Head. Seismic surveys show faulting at depth in the Jurassic, but this tends to be represented in the Cretaceous at the surface by fold axes.
See also
List of geological folds in Great Britain
References
Anticlines
Geology of Hampshire
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41027647
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xiaozhai%20station
|
Xiaozhai station
|
Xiaozhai station () is a station on Line 2 and Line 3 of the Xi'an Metro. It is one of the busiest metro stations in Xi'an. It began operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027652
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wei%201-jie%20station
|
Wei 1-jie station
|
Wei 1-jie station (), is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
|
41027658
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dianshita%20station
|
Dianshita station
|
Dianshita station (), formerly known as Huizhanzhongxin station, is a station of Line 2 of the Xi'an Metro. It started operations on 16 September 2011, and renamed to Dianshita station in June 2023.
References
Railway stations in China opened in 2011
Xi'an Metro stations
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41027661
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waikuku%20Beach
|
Waikuku Beach
|
Waikuku Beach is a small settlement on the coast of the Canterbury region of New Zealand, about east of the settlement of Waikuku.
The sandy beach is popular with surfers and swimmers, and the large estuary of the Ashley River hosts many species of birds. The Waikuku beach has been rated as one of the ten best to learn to surf at.
Demographics
Waikuku Beach is described by Statistics New Zealand as a rural settlement and covers . It had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2. Waikuku Beach is part of the larger Waikuku statistical area.
Waikuku Beach had a population of 912 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 12 people (1.3%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 54 people (6.3%) since the 2006 census. There were 342 households, comprising 468 males and 444 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.05 males per female, with 168 people (18.4%) aged under 15 years, 141 (15.5%) aged 15 to 29, 477 (52.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 126 (13.8%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 95.4% European/Pākehā, 13.2% Māori, 1.3% Pasifika, 1.0% Asian, and 1.6% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 62.2% had no religion, 28.3% were Christian, 0.3% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Muslim and 1.0% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 147 (19.8%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 144 (19.4%) people had no formal qualifications. 141 people (19.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 402 (54.0%) people were employed full-time, 132 (17.7%) were part-time, and 18 (2.4%) were unemployed.
References
Populated places in Canterbury, New Zealand
Waimakariri District
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41027662
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lot%20Abu%20Hassan
|
Lot Abu Hassan
|
Mohd Lot Abu Hassan (born 23 June 1984) is a Malaysian footballer who plays for Ultimate F.C. as a midfielder.
References
External links
1984 births
Living people
Malaysian men's footballers
Selangor F.C. II players
FELDA United F.C. players
Sarawak FA players
Polis Diraja Malaysia FC players
Malaysia Super League players
Men's association football midfielders
Footballers from Selangor
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41027663
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le%20Dernier%20Diamant
|
Le Dernier Diamant
|
Le Dernier Diamant (lit. The Last Diamond) is a French crime thriller film directed by Éric Barbier.
Cast
Bérénice Bejo as Julia Neuville
Yvan Attal as Simon Carrerra
Jean-François Stévenin as Albert
Antoine Basler as Scylla
Jacques Spiesser as Pierre Neuville
Annie Cordy as Inès de Boissière
Michel Israel as Jacques Galley
Charlie Dupont as Michael Wurtz
Fabrice Boutique as Kopel
Michel Tereba as Matthias
Isaka Sawadogo as Omar
Leila Schaus as Sam
Corentin Lobet as Le Fourgue
References
External links
Le Dernier Diamant at Allocine
2014 films
2014 crime thriller films
French crime thriller films
Films directed by Éric Barbier
Films shot in Antwerp
2010s French films
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41027669
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chris%20Foote%20%28footballer%29
|
Chris Foote (footballer)
|
Chris Foote (born 19 November 1950) is an English former footballer who played in the Football League for Bournemouth and Cambridge United.
External links
English men's footballers
English Football League players
1950 births
Living people
AFC Bournemouth players
Cambridge United F.C. players
Weymouth F.C. players
Footballers from Bournemouth
Men's association football midfielders
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41027673
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haakon%20Graf
|
Haakon Graf
|
Haakon Graf (born 21 March 1955) is a Norwegian jazz musician, composer, arranger and producer.
Biography
Graf was born in Oslo, Norway. He is the older brother of the bass guitarist of LAVA, Rolf Graf (1960–2013), and the jazz singer Randi Elisabeth Graf (born 1966).
Career
Graf resides in Los Angeles, US, where he is working as a keyboard player, songwriter, and producer. He has been involved in numerous projects during the years, composing much of the music in addition to playing keyboards on the albums New Born Day (1973), Ranshart (1974) and Let Your Light Shine (1976) within the band Ruphus. They received great acclaim in Norway and in several European countries, including Germany. He also played in the band 'Moose Loose' including with Jon Eberson. Later they opened the band Blow Out together. He also initiated the band Hawk on Flight with Matz Nilsson, Niels Nordin, and Ulf Wakenius. Graf has played with Pål Thowsen on several of his albums and received Spellemannprisen for best jazz album in the alternative genre. The tune "Nearly in Rio" composed by Graf was highlighted during the citation. Graf was a judge on the 1988 Spellemann Committee for the jazz category.
Graf has also cooperated with Jan Garbarek and Jon Christensen, and the trio toured extensively in Norway. This was a collaboration that started in the late 1970s. He has also released several jazz albums with his band Graffiti, accompanied by tours including Scandinavia, Germany and the US. He has a long musical career behind him, and have cooperated with a series of famous musicians such as Roger Daltrey, Alan White, Jamie Moses, Natasha Beddingfield, Phil Collins, Mark Hudson and Simon Kirke. In Norway, he has also worked with Terje Rypdal, and arranged, composed and produced the music for Finn Kalvik.
Graf also toured with renowned guitarist Frank Gambale, after being contacted by him during the 1994 Graffiti concert at Musicians Institute in Los Angeles. The collaboration led to tour the United States in 1994 and in Scandinavia in 1995. Graf has also toured with Paul Jackson and Mike Clark (bassist and drummer of Herbie Hancock's Headhunters known from legendary recordings as "Thrust"). Haakon was musical director for jazz clubs Hothouse, Jazz Alive and Blue Monk 80's and 90's.
Lately Graf has been touring with his own Haakon Graf Trio including Erik Smith (drums) and Per Mathisen (bass), releasing the album License to Chill (2010), and appearing on the 2013 Kongsberg Jazzfestival.
Keyboard Player magazine reviews Graf as "a spirited and intelligent player. Rather than exhaust the audience with non-stop flash, he builds his solos carefully, keeping the listener interested from beginning to end. He has chops to spare, but never scoundrels them. I can't wait to hear more from him".
The Coast Radio, Las Vegas when reviewing Graf states: "Haakon's talent is never ending, he has great passion for his music. He is one whose talents need to be recognized in his ability to write and create great compositions. The Coast Radio and myself MJ have enjoyed his music and his interview. Haakon is very professional, and I wish him all the best in his projects to come and hope to hear more of him in 2011."
Selected discography
Ruphus
1973: New Born Day (Polydor)
1974: Ranshart (Polydor)
1976: Let Your Light Shine (Polydor)
Vanessa
1975: City Lips (On)
Håkon Graf / Sveinung Hovensjø / Jon Eberson / Jon Christensen
1977: Blow Out (Compendium)
Hawk on Flight
1979: In Time for Hawk on Flight (Nordisc)
1980: Hawk on Flight (Amar)
1984: Blue Eyed (Four Leaf)
Håkon Graf / Jon Christensen / Sveinung Hovensjø
1982: Hideaway (Strawberry)
deLillos
1991: Varme Mennesker (Sonet)
Graffiti
1994: Good Groove (Lipstick)
Haakon Graf Trio, including with Per Mathisen and Erik Smith
2010: License to Chill (Nordic)
2016: Sunrain (Losen)
References
External links
20th-century Norwegian pianists
21st-century Norwegian pianists
Norwegian jazz pianists
Jazz-rock musicians
Norwegian jazz composers
Musicians from Oslo
1955 births
Living people
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41027688
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bexhill%20High%20Academy
|
Bexhill High Academy
|
Bexhill High Academy (formerly Bexhill High School) is a coeducational secondary school with academy status, located in Bexhill-on-Sea in the English county of East Sussex.
Bexhill High converted to academy status in November 2012. It had been a community school administered by East Sussex County Council. The school continues to coordinate with East Sussex County Council for admissions. As an academy, the school was previously part of the Prospects Academies Trust. However, in May 2014 the trust folded. Bexhill High Academy is now part of the Attwood Academies trust.
Along with Bexhill College the school operates Bexhill FM, a Restricted Service Licence FM frequency station which broadcasts for a few weeks a year to the Bexhill area.
Notable former pupils
Hayley Okines, subject of documentary
Nils Norman, artist
Alexia Walker, cricketer
Notable former staff
Russell Floyd, actor
Karen Tweed, piano accordionist
References
External links
Bexhill Academy official website
Secondary schools in East Sussex
Academies in East Sussex
Bexhill-on-Sea
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41027689
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Synaptic%20transistor
|
Synaptic transistor
|
A synaptic transistor is an electrical device that can learn in ways similar to a neural synapse. It optimizes its own properties for the functions it has carried out in the past. The device mimics the behavior of the property of neurons called spike-timing-dependent plasticity, or STDP.
Structure
Its structure is similar to that of a field effect transistor, where an ionic liquid takes the place of the gate insulating layer between the gate electrode and the conducting channel. That channel is composed of samarium nickelate (, or SNO) rather than the field effect transistor's doped silicon.
Function
A synaptic transistor has a traditional immediate response whose amount of current that passes between the source and drain contacts varies with voltage applied to the gate electrode. It also produces a much slower learned response such that the conductivity of the SNO layer varies in response to the transistor's STDP history, essentially by shuttling oxygen ions between the SNO and the ionic liquid.
The analog of strengthening a synapse is to increase the SNO's conductivity, which essentially increases gain. Similarly, weakening a synapse is analogous to decreasing the SNO's conductivity, lowering the gain.
The input and output of the synaptic transistor are continuous analog values, rather than digital on-off signals. While the physical structure of the device has the potential to learn from history, it contains no way to bias the transistor to control the memory effect. An external supervisory circuit converts the time delay between input and output into a voltage applied to the ionic liquid that either drives ions into the SNO or removes them.
A network of such devices can learn particular responses to "sensory inputs", with those responses being learned through experience rather than explicitly programmed.
References
Transistor types
Artificial neural networks
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41027692
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyramid%20Natarajan
|
Pyramid Natarajan
|
Pyramid Natarajan is a former Indian actor and producer, who has appeared in character roles in Tamil cinema. He made his breakthrough as an actor playing a role in Mani Ratnam's Alaipayuthey (2000) portraying the role of Madhavan's father, before playing the antagonist in several films.
Career
Natarajan was born in a village called Valoothoor near, Papanasam, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu and studied in Shaukathul Islam Balya Muslim Sangam Higher Elementary School in his boyhood and moved to Madras as a teenager, hoping to make a breakthrough into films. He was able to briefly join K. Balachander's drama troupe, Ragini Recreations, and appear in productions before soon starting his own troupe and staging a play. Following a successful business proposal, Natarajan was able to take over as executive producer of Gemini Films and was able to learn the nuances of administration.
He joined hands with K.Balachander to nurture Kavithalayaa Productions as a joint production company.
In 1997 Pyramid Entertainment Limited was promoted by Mr. V. Natarajan. Before promoting the company, V. Natarajan had produced number of films and he had 30 years of experience and domain expertise in entertainment sector. He is a veteran in the film industry and had been involved in 55 films in various capacities such as Executive Director, Executive Producer and Producer. He is experienced in the industry and has presided over many context changes in the Industry for over 20 years. He is an executive committee member of various Trade Bodies like Tamil Film Producers Council & South Indian Film Chamber of Commerce. He is also a member of the government body formed to deal with film industry and also an advisory committee member on Film Taxation. He has successfully seeded and nurtured various content producing companies.
He is currently running a hotel called "Maavadu.in".
Notable filmography
Actor
Producer
References
External links
Living people
Male actors in Tamil cinema
Male actors from Tamil Nadu
Tamil film producers
Indian male film actors
20th-century Indian male actors
21st-century Indian male actors
Male actors in Telugu cinema
Film producers from Tamil Nadu
1940 births
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41027721
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey%20Mausoleum%20%28Arlington%20County%2C%20Virginia%29
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Abbey Mausoleum (Arlington County, Virginia)
|
Abbey Mausoleum was a mausoleum in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States founded in 1924. One of the most luxurious burial places in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area, many famous individuals, judges, and military leaders were buried there. The mausoleum encountered financial difficulties and declared bankruptcy in 1966. It suffered vandalism numerous times, and several graves were desecrated. Remains buried there were disinterred and reburied elsewhere, and it was demolished in February 2001. Several architectural features of the structure were salvaged. It was located just outside Arlington National Cemetery next to Henderson Hall (Arlington, Virginia).
Founding of Abbey Mausoleum
Abbey Mausoleum was built in 1924 by the U.S. Mausoleum Company. The land was owned by the Syphax family. Maria Custis Syphax, the matriarch of the family, was the mulatto daughter of George Washington Parke Custis, grandson of Martha Washington and founder of the Arlington Estate on the banks of the Potomac River (later the home of Robert E. Lee). The Spyhax family sold the land to John Dormoyle in 1901, who then sold it to Frederick Rice in 1924. Rice subdivided the property into two lots, and sold one lot to the U.S. Mausoleum Corporation the same year. The lot was rectangular in shape and located next to the Hobson Gate.
The structure was Neoclassical in style (although it has also been described as Romanesque Revival). The single-story structure was made of granite, with the interior and exterior clad in white Italian marble. The foundation was made of reinforced concrete, and the roof consisted of reinforced concrete ceiling, roof beams, and roof. The roof was externally clad in asphalt roofing materials. The entire structure was from grade to rooftop. The floor was a marble base. Stained-glass windows by Tiffany & Co. provided light. There were 654 crypts, stacked six high below high ceilings. Crypts included 60 niches for cremated remains. Interior light was provided by skylights.
Abbey Mausoleum contained two types of coffin vaults: a casket vaults and couch vaults. Casket and couch vaults were made of concrete, and sometimes lined with paper. Once a vault was occupied, it would be sealed with concrete. A marble plate (or "shutter") was screwed into the wall to cover the vault. Cremation niches were also made of concrete, but rarely lined with paper and not sealed with concrete. Their sole seal was the marble shutter.
The mausoleum was constructed by the Stone Mountain Granite Corporation of Atlanta, Georgia. Abbey Mausoleum was dedicated on March 26, 1926, although it was completed in 1927.
U.S. Mausoleum encountered financial difficulties in 1927, and sold the building and grounds to the Stone Mountain Granite Corporation before dissolving. In 1928, a new corporation, Abbey Mausoleum Inc., was formed by local D.C. area businessmen, and it purchased the crypt and land from Stone Mountain Granite. Abbey Mausoleum Inc. then purchased in 1928 the second lot offered for sale by Rice, and invested additional funds to complete the finishing touches on the crypt.
The first interment was that of Lilla Jewel Kenney. The date of her interment is not entirely clear, but it could have been as early as February 25, 1925, or before March 26, 1925, or before the mausoleum's completion in 1927. Over the next three decades, Abbey Mausoleum interred 245 remains in crypts and 60 remains in cremation niches.
Enclosure by Henderson Hall and bankruptcy
The United States Marine Corps headquarters moved to the Navy Annex Building adjacent to the south side of Arlington National Cemetery in November 1941. A Headquarters and Service Company was organized on March 1, 1942, and a Women Marine Company organized as part of the Headquarters unit on April 1, 1943. To house both companies, the Marine Corps began acquiring, through purchase, easement, eminent domain, and other means, property to the west and northwest of the Navy Annex Building. This included all the land around Abbey Mausoleum. Henderson Hall was built on this property in September 1943 to house both companies. All told, were acquired, and athletic fields, a bowling alley, chapel, firing range, gas station, gym, hobby shop, officers' and enlisted men's clubs, post exchange, post office, radio station, supply depot, and swimming pool were all built on the site. Land acquisition ended in 1952, and on February 1, 1954, the state of Virginia executed a document ceding political jurisdiction over the land to the U.S. federal government.
In 1943, the federal government purchased most of the second lot from Abbey Mausoleum Inc., leaving the mausoleum with just of land, (another source says of land)
Security concerns during World War II led the Marine Corps to close Abbey Mausoleum to the public. The federal government also barred new interments, and the sale of empty crypts and niches ended. It is unclear if Abbey Mausoleum Inc.'s financial troubles were caused by the land sale or merely exacerbated by it, but the mausoleum began to be neglected about this time. Legislation was introduced in Congress in 1945 to give the United States Department of War $550,000 to acquire the crypt and its land, but the bill was not enacted. The corporation's directors abandoned the company and its assets on January 1, 1957. The tax-exempt corporation's remaining $27,000 were placed into a trust fund, but it was rapidly depleted.
Abbey Mausoleum Inc. went bankrupt in 1966. Frank B. Tavenner, an attorney for crypt buyers, was named bankruptcy trustee by the Circuit Court of Arlington County. A $17,000 trust was established to provide maintenance, but that fund also ran out. From the mid-1960s to mid-1980s, a number of individuals buried at Abbey Mausoleum were disinterred at private expense and reburied elsewhere.
Vandalism, disinterments and demolition
It is unclear when burials at the mausoleum ended. At least once source says 1942 and another "during World War II", but others say 1964 and 1974. Many crypts had been purchased, but not all were in use. Some individuals had been disinterred and reburied elsewhere, while 105 crypts had been purchased but never used. In 1984, Tavenner suspected that many owners of unused crypts had been buried elsewhere due to the federal government's ban on new burials at Abbey Mausoleum.
By 1976, the land around the mausoleum was so heavily covered with tall grass and dense brush that the mausoleum was partially obscured. Arlington County Police began patrolling the site in the late 1970s after several break-ins. But their patrols were infrequent and irregular, because police had to gain permission to access the Marine base. In 1984, Marine Corps guards began patrolling and maintaining the exterior grounds to reduce vandalism.
Vandalism
In the early 1970s, Abbey Mausoleum was routinely vandalized. Its stained glass windows were boarded up for protection. Between 1979 and 1994, Abbey Mausoleum was broken into and vandalized at least six times. According to Arlington County police, vandals usually entered the building by prying open windows leading to the crawl space below the crypt, then entering the tomb through an air vent grating in the floor.
In the fall of 1976, vandals opened and desecrated 12 coffins and 10 urns. One crypt was completely opened and the coffin removed. The vandals opened the coffin, and placed a copy of Circus (a heavy metal music magazine) on the chest of the skeleton. The vandals also broke into a funeral niche, poured the human ashes on the floor, and drew a smiley face in them.
One of the worst cases occurred in 1979, in which 45 crypts were broken into, coffins removed, and the remains decapitated. The vandals then stuck the skulls on broomsticks and left them upright.
In another case in the late 1980s, vandals removed urns from niches and poured the ashes onto the floor, mixing their contents and writing in the ashes. In 1994, police discovered bloody handprints, candles, dead cats, pentagrams, and other signs of occult worship. Two crypts were opened, the coffins placed on the floor, and the remains exposed. Police had no leads, as the vandalism appeared to be several years old.
Closure and demolition
Tavenner attempted to sell Abbey Mausoleum several times. The Marine Corps wanted to buy the land, but Congress declined to appropriate the funds. A private cemetery agreed to take over operation of the site, but only if the mausoleum and land were donated to it. Arlington National Cemetery officials declined to purchase it because it was outside the cemetery's boundaries.
The Marine Corps secured a $1.9 million appropriation from Congress to acquire Abbey Mausoleum in 1995. In November of that year, the United States Army Corps of Engineers began administering the tomb. A plan for identifying and contacting descendants, providing for private disinterment and reburial, and for relocating all remaining graves was then devised.
A U.S. federal court approved the burial relocation plan in December 2000. By this time, only 283 people were still interred at the mausoleum, according to the Corps of Engineers. The Corps located 109 relatives of the dead, but only 10 made their own arrangements for disinterment and reburial. The Corps moved the remaining bodies and ashes to a mausoleum at National Memorial Park, a cemetery in Idylwood near Falls Church, Virginia. Although still structurally sound, demolition of the structure occurred on February 5, 2001.
Artistic salvage
The United States Navy and the Arlington County Planning Department signed an agreement prior to Abbey Mausoleum's demolition to salvage many of the structure's components for historic preservation. Arlington County was granted explicit ownership of the stained glass windows at the site, as well as any interior or exterior architectural elements it wished. The demolition contractor was given salvage rights to all other materials.
Upon examination by stained glass experts, the windows were revealed to have been designed and crafted by Louis Comfort Tiffany, the son of the founder of Tiffany & Co. Twelve of the windows consisted of geometric and floral patterns mingled with religious symbols. The thirteenth and largest window depicted Jesus with his hand raised in benediction. Experts determined that the windows were dedicated to E. St. Clair Thompson, a wealthy Freemason interred at Abbey Mausoleum in 1933. The windows were probably commissioned by the Thompson family. Many of the windows were damaged by vandalism, and most had suffered cracks, fading, and missing pieces due to neglect and age.
The windows were sent to Shenandoah Stained Glass, an art glass restoration company, for repair. Workers spent three months hand-cleaning each piece of glass and fitting each window chosen for preservation into a new aluminum frame. According to stained glass restorer Mark Russel, the windows suffered significant fading damage due to sunlight and lack of care. Shenandoah workers discovered that the windows were made of common opal glass and high-quality "cathedral glass" from the Kokomo Opalescent Glass Works in Kokomo, Indiana. To repair the windows, Shenandoah Stained Glass found identically-colored opal or Kokomo-produced glass and glazed it to replace broken pieces. The large religious-themed window (which was square) proved too expensive to restore, and five others were too heavily damaged to repair. These windows were partially cannibalized to restore the others. Fragments of glass were also collected from the floor of the mausoleum, and used to reconstruct the remaining windows. Epoxy was used to fill in small cracks and chips.
Three of the restored windows were installed at the Arlington County Arts Center at 3550 Wilson Boulevard. Four other restored windows were installed at Arlington County's Westover Library at 1644 North McKinley Road. Abbey Mausoleum's skylight was also restored, and is installed (as a working skylight) at the Fairlington Community Center at 3308 South Stafford Street in Arlington County.
An acroterion was also salvaged from the exterior of Abbey Mausoleum. This decorative device was installed on the sidewalk in front of the Westover Library. Three bas-reliefs were also recovered from the mausoleum. Their disposition is not known.
Famous interments
Abbey Mausoleum was considered one of the most luxurious and richly appointed mausoleums in the Washington, D.C., metropolitan area. Many rich and famous individuals chose to be interred there between 1927 and 1942. Among the notable individuals buried there were:
Frederick Albert Britten, Representative from Illinois — reinterred at Fort Lincoln Cemetery in Brentwood, Maryland.
Philip P. Campbell, Representative from Kansas — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
Charles F. Curry, Representative from California — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
Elizabeth Bell Bates da Gama, wife of Domicio da Gama, former Brazilian ambassador to the United States — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
George Eddy Downey, judge, United States Court of Claims — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
Andrew Jackson Houston, Senator from Texas — reinterred at Texas State Cemetery.
J. Hamilton Lewis, Senator from Illinois — reinterred at Fort Lincoln Cemetery in Brentwood, Maryland.
Oscar Raymond Luhring, judge, U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
Porter J. McCumber, Senator from North Dakota — reinterred at Columbia Gardens Cemetery in Arlington, Virginia.
Elwood Mead, architect of Hoover Dam — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
LaSalle Corbell Pickett, wife of Major General George Pickett, CSA, who led Pickett's Charge during the Battle of Gettysburg in the American Civil War — reinterred at Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia.
George Sutherland, Associate Justice of the U.S. Supreme Court (1922–1938) — reinterred in 1958 at Cedar Hill Cemetery near Suitland, Maryland.
George H. Terrett, Colonel, CSA — reinterred at National Memorial Park.
References
Notes
Citations
Links
Abbey Mausoleum at Find a grave listing
Bibliography
Allardice, Bruce S. Confederate Colonels: A Biographical Register. Columbia, Mo.: University of Missouri Press, 2008.
Atkinson, David N. Leaving the Bench: Supreme Court Justices at the End. Lawrence, Kan.: University Press of Kansas, 1999.
Committee on Military Affairs. Hearings on H.R. 4587, A Bill to Provide for the Appointment of Additional Commissioned Officers in the Regular Army, and for Other Purposes, Nov 6, 1945. U.S. House of Representatives. 79th Cong., 1st sess. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1946.
Guttery, Ben R. Representing Texas: A Comprehensive History of U.S. and Confederate Senators and Representatives From Texas. Seattle: Booksurge, 2008.
Johnston, Marguerite. Houston, the Unknown City, 1836–1946. College Station, Tex.: Texas A&M University Press, 1991.
Mitchell, Mary H. Hollywood Cemetery: The History of a Southern Shrine. Richmond: Library of Virginia, 1999.
Waskey, A.J.L. "Sutherland, George." In The Encyclopedia of the Supreme Court. David Shultz, ed. New York: Facts on File, 2005.
Cemeteries in Arlington County, Virginia
1924 establishments in Virginia
2001 disestablishments in Virginia
Cemeteries established in the 1920s
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41027726
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kerki-Kerkichi%20Bridge
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Kerki-Kerkichi Bridge
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The Kerki-Kerkichi Bridge is a bridge at Kerki, in Lebap Province of Turkmenistan, built over the river Amu Darya.
Railway bridge
The cost of the bridge was $123 million. It was developed by the Ukrainian Institute Dneprogiprotrans. The general contractor of the corporation were the bridge builders Ukrtransstroi, who together with the Turkmen builders division of the Ministry of Railway, built this structure. According to specialists the bridge is able to withstand tremors of 8 on the Richter scale.
September 16, 2009, President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov and Viktor Yushchenko visited the Lebap region and solemnly dedicated the railway bridge Kerki-Kerkichi.
In the summer of 2011 the first passenger train drove over the bridge.
Road bridge
September 17, 2009 the President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov approved an agreement between the State Concern Turkmenavtoyollary with the Ukrainian company Altcom, which was the general contractor. The total cost of construction $159 million. The bridge was developed by Ukrainian Scientific Research Project Institute Soyuztransproekt and Ukrgiprobudmost. The bridge is designed for an earthquake measuring 9 on the Richter scale. In order to ensure the safety, German experts designed special bearings, provides a number of anti-seismic devices. Was also developed individual expansion joint, which receives all the longitudinal displacement, vibrations up to 1000 mm.
The work started in autumn 2009. The bridge includes a bridge length of 1414 m with a width of roadway - 11.5 m, the approach embankments, bank protection construction length of 6000 m. The bridge is on the new railway line Turmenabat-Kerki-Kerkichi. Were involved in the construction of about 600 people, including 130 specialists from Ukraine. As the pavement to the bridge, the metal base which in the summer can reach up to 70-80 degrees, used modern stuff matakryl. This multilayer polymer coating withstands high temperature and has a considerably higher strength characteristics as compared to asphalt. Under the bridge can easily pass judgment, because everyone has the ship's flight envelope with a width of 60 meters and a height of 9.5 meters.
February 14, 2013 with the participation of President of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych and the President of Turkmenistan Gurbanguly Berdimuhamedov the bridge was inaugurated.
Historic wooden railway bridge
The first railway bridge was built from wood in the late 1880s. The principal bridge was 820 Russian sajenes or 5,740 English feet in length, and the three others were respectively 560, 392 and 196 feet, with the intervening dams of 2,429, 750 and 2,527 feet making a total length of bridges and dams from one bank to the other of two miles and 678 yards. This great work of bridging across the mighty and capricious waters of the Oxus cost altogether 301,674 roubles, of which 141,674 roubles were for labour, tools etc., and 160,000 roubles for material, all of which had to be brought from Russia. At first the intention was to make shift with some kind of a ferry to connect the two ends of the railway, and a considerable amount of money appears to have been wasted overpremature contracts made in England. A bridge of iron would have cost some six or seven millions, which was more than the estimates would bear, and so finally M. Bielinsky, a Polish engineer, was engaged to build it of wood. It is expected to last at least ten years. The trains could initially only crawl over it to reduce the risk of collapse.
Links
Bridge
Video presentation
References
Bridges completed in 2009
Bridges in Turkmenistan
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41027749
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alonso%20Escoboza
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Alonso Escoboza
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Jesús Alonso Escoboza Lugo (born 22 January 1993) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a midfielder or defender for Liga MX club Cruz Azul.
Club career
Early career
Escoboza began playing in Tercera Division for Santos Casino where he managed to score eight goals in the 2008–2009 season. He quickly called (attracted?) the attention of the personnel of Santos Laguna and by the following season he was called to play with a U-17 team where he played from 2009 to 2011. He scored 23 goals in 53 games. Then he participated in both the first team and U-20 team, where he managed to score 14 goals in 30 games. He was also present in the pre-season of Santos Laguna for the Torneo Apertura 2011, where he scored a goal against Club American in one of the pre-season friendly games.
Santos Laguna
Escoboza made his debut for Santos Laguna on 23 July 2011 at the age of 18, coming on as a substitute in the 81st minute, replacing Oribe Peralta, in a 4–1 win over Pachuca in the Hidalgo stadium. Diego Cocca was the manager who gave Escoboza his league debut.
His first international game was on 27 July against Club Deportivo Olimpia, coming in as a substitute in the 66th minute, replacing Christian Suarez in a 3–1 win. Escoboza scored his first goal on 19 October in a Concacaf Champions League 2011–2012 against Colorado Rapids. However, Escoboza did not play in a single game in the Liga Mx during the Clausura 2012 where Santos Laguna became champions by winning the final against Club Moneterrey.
Club Necaxa
Escoboza was loaned to Necaxa on 20 December 2012. On 4 January 2013, he debuted with Necaxa in a loss to Lobos BUAP. In the following season, Clausura 2013, he scored two goals against Tiburones Rojo of Veracruz. Necaxa reached the final, but was defeated by Neza FC who was crowned champion.
Return to Santos Laguna
After finishing his loan to Necaxa, Escobaza returned to Santos Laguna. On 23 August 2013, he scored his first goal in the first division against Club Tijuana. He scored his second goal of the tournament by scoring the second goal in the 59th minute against C.F. Monterrey in a 3–2 win on 18 October 2013. He scored his first goal in the Liguilla on 24 November 2013 in the first leg quarterfinal game against Querétaro FC in the 70th minute in 3–2 win.
During the Clausura tournament, Escobaza went to play 16 league games, scoring three goals and providing two assists to goal. He played three games and scored once in Copa MX.
Club Tijuana
On 29 November 2015, Club Tijuana announced that Escoboza would be joining the team for the Clausura 2016. After his first and only season, Escoboza played eight games, totaling 170 minutes, and scoring no goal under manager Miguel Herrera.
Chiapas F.C.
On 9 June 2016, Chiapas announced the signing of Escoboza for the Apertura 2016 in the Liga MX under manager José Cardozo.
Club América
On 29 December 2019, Club América announced that Escoboza would be joining the team for the Clausura 2020 on loan from Xolos.
International career
Escoboza made his senior national team debut on 31 October 2013, coming on as a 60th-minute substitute and scoring in a 4–2 win over Finland. He also played some minutes as a substitute in the two games of the World Cup qualification playoffs against New Zealand, giving an assist in the first leg of the series.
Escoboza was named as one of the seven stand-by players for Mexico's 2014 FIFA World Cup squad.
Career statistics
International
Honours
Santos Laguna
Liga MX: Clausura 2012, Clausura 2015
Copa MX: Apertura 2014
Campeón de Campeones: 2015
Mexico U20
CONCACAF U-20 Championship: 2013
References
External links
1993 births
Living people
People from Ahome Municipality
Footballers from Sinaloa
Men's association football midfielders
Mexico men's youth international footballers
Mexico men's under-20 international footballers
Mexico men's international footballers
Santos Laguna footballers
Club Necaxa footballers
Club Tijuana footballers
Chiapas F.C. footballers
Club Puebla players
Dorados de Sinaloa footballers
Querétaro F.C. footballers
Club América footballers
Liga MX players
Ascenso MX players
Mexican men's footballers
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41027762
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henrietta%20Adler
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Henrietta Adler
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Henrietta Adler (1 December 1868 – 15 April 1950), known as Nettie Adler, was a British Liberal Party politician who was one of the first women to be elected to and to be able to take her seat on the London County Council.
Early life
Adler was born in London on 1 December 1868. She was the daughter of Hermann Adler, who would later succeed his father as chief rabbi, and Rachel Adler. She was educated at a private school and classes.
Career
Adler began social work as a school manager under the London School Board. She was honorary secretary of the Committee on Wage Earning Children, 1899–1946. She was a Member of Council of the Anglo-Jewish Association and a member of the Jewish Board of Guardians. She was a justice of the peace.
Political career
Adler was a Liberal Party member, which in London local government was aligned with the Progressive Party. She was first politically active in her home area of Hackney. Her main political interest was in education. She was a member of the governing bodies of the Dalston County School, of the Hackney Downs School and the Hackney Technical Institute. Due to her interest in educational matters she was co-opted onto the London Education Committee by the Progressive majority in 1905, serving as on that body until she was elected to it following the 1910 London County Council election. When the Liberal government first created the London County Council in 1899 there was no stipulation that women could not stand as candidates for election and two Progressive women candidates stood and were elected. However, there was a legal challenge made by one of the defeated Conservative candidates and as a result, neither of the women were able to take their seats. When the Liberal Party returned to power, they changed the law in 1908 to allow women to be elected to the London County Council and this change came into effect for the 1910 elections. Adler was one of two women who were elected, as one of the representatives for the constituency of Hackney Central in 1910.
In March 1913 she was re-elected, although her running mate lost to the Municipal Reform Party;
In March 1919, following the end of the war, the boundaries for her constituency were slightly altered and she was returned unopposed due to an electoral agreement of the Progressive and Municipal Reform parties to only adopt one candidate each;
In March 1922 the electoral arrangement between the Progressive and Municipal Reform parties continued;
From 1922 to 1923 she served as deputy chair of the London County Council. She was defeated in 1925.
She was a Member of the Departmental Committee on Charity Collections, 1925–27. Following the demise of the Progressive Party she was re-elected to the LCC in 1928 standing as a Liberal Party candidate;
She was finally defeated in 1931.
Despite her election defeat in 1931, she was co-opted onto the London County Council Public Health Committee for a three-year term.
References
External links
1868 births
1950 deaths
20th-century British women politicians
Burials at Willesden Jewish Cemetery
Jewish British politicians
Liberal Party (UK) parliamentary candidates
Members of London County Council
People from Hackney Central
Progressive Party (London) politicians
Women councillors in England
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hantavirus%20vaccine
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Hantavirus vaccine
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Hantavirus vaccine is a vaccine that protects in humans against hantavirus infections causing hantavirus hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) or hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The vaccine is considered important as acute hantavirus infections are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. It is estimated that about 1.5 million cases and 46,000 deaths occurred in China from 1950 to 2007. The number of cases is estimated at 32,000 in Finland from 2005 to 2010 and 90,000 in Russia from 1996 to 2006.
The first hantavirus vaccine was developed in 1990 initially for use against Hantaan River virus which causes one of the most severe forms of HFRS. It is estimated that about two million doses of rodent brain or cell-culture derived vaccine are given in China every year. The wide use of this vaccine may be partly responsible for a significant decrease in the number of HFRS cases in China to less than 20,000 by 2007.
Other hantaviruses for which the vaccine is used include Seoul (SEOV) virus. However the vaccine is thought not to be effective against European hantaviruses including Puumala (PUUV) and Dobrava-Belgrade (DOBV) viruses. The pharmaceutical trade name for the vaccine is Hantavax. As of 2019 no hantavirus vaccine have been approved for use in Europe or USA. A phase 2 study on a human HTNV/PUUV DNA hantavirus vaccine is ongoing.
In addition to Hantavax three more vaccine candidates have been studied in I–II stage clinical trials. They include a recombinant vaccine and vaccines derived from HTNV and PUUV viruses. However, their prospects are unclear
See also
List of vaccine topics
Seoul virus
Gou virus
Vaccine-naive
References
External links
Serang virus strain details
Natural reservoirs of hantaviruses
CDC's Hantavirus Technical Information Index page
Viralzone: Hantavirus
Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Bunyaviridae
Vaccines
Hantavirus infections
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41027771
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysurus%20cruciatus
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Lysurus cruciatus
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Lysurus cruciatus or the lizard's-claw stinkhorn is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. It was first described scientifically in 1845 by French botanists François Mathias René Leprieur and Camille Montagne as Aserophallus cruciatus. German mycologist Paul Christoph Hennings transferred it to the genus Lysurus in 1902. Its fruit bodies feature a white, cylindrical tube supporting a cluster of hollow, reddish pointed arms whose surface is covered with foul-smelling spore mass, or gleba. The gleba is brownish to greenish in color, and contains spores with dimensions of 3–4 by 1.5–2 µm.
In 1901, this mushroom was rediscovered in Inanda, Natal. This "new" find was named L. woodii, which was later corrected to be the previously discovered L. cruciatus.
References
External links
Phallales
Fungi described in 1845
Fungi of North America
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41027797
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human%20Action%20%28political%20action%20committee%29
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Human Action (political action committee)
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Human Action is a political action committee (a super-PAC specifically) set up to raise money for candidates that support an Austrian School economic philosophy. It filed papers with the Federal Election Commission in December 2012, and supports the campaigns of Senator Rand Paul and the judge and former Fox News Channel host Andrew Napolitano.
Anthony Astolfi, the organisation's co-founder, has said they intend to support a campaign for Senator Paul to run for president. Astolfi has previously worked on the presidential campaign for Ron Paul in 2008, as well as the Senate campaign of Todd Akin and House campaign of Markwayne Mullin in 2012.
The name is a reference to the book Human Action: A Treatise on Economics by the Austrian School economist Ludwig von Mises.
References
External links
Human Action Official Site
United States political action committees
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41027809
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunter%20Henry
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Hunter Henry
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Hunter Henry (born December 7, 1994) is an American football tight end for the New England Patriots of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Arkansas and was selected by the San Diego Chargers in the second round of the 2016 NFL Draft. Henry was a member of the Chargers for five seasons before joining the Patriots in 2021.
Early years
Henry was born in Little Rock, Arkansas on December 7, 1994, to Mark and Jenny Henry. In summer 2000, his family moved to the Atlanta area for his father's job. Henry moved back to Little Rock for his freshman year of high school where he attended Pulaski Academy in Little Rock for four years. As a freshman, Henry spent time playing offensive tackle, wide receiver, and defensive end for the football team. He did not play tight end during his high school career, because Pulaski Academy's Spread Offense scheme did not feature that position. Henry started his sophomore, junior, and senior years, winning a state championship with the Bruins in 2011.
Henry was named to the Parade All-American team for the 2012-13 school year and was one of the top recruits in the nation.
College career
In 2015, Henry was involved in one of the most memorable plays in Arkansas football history. During a fourth-and-25 play in overtime against Ole Miss in the rivalry game, Henry caught a pass from quarterback Brandon Allen and upon seeing that he was going to be tackled short of the first down marker, Henry blindly flung the ball backwards as a lateral to running back Alex Collins. Collins picked it up on the bounce and ran it for a 31-yard gain to gain a first down. This set up an eventual touchdown and successful two-point conversion to win the game. The uniqueness of the play led to widespread media coverage and replays. He was the John Mackey Award winner for best tight end in the nation and also was a Consensus All-American in the 2015–2016 season. Henry helped Arkansas win back-to-back bowl games in consecutive years for the first time in program history, beating former Southwest Conference rival the Texas Longhorns in the 2014 Texas Bowl, and winning the 2016 Liberty Bowl over the Kansas State Wildcats.
On January 4, 2016, Henry declared he would be entering the 2016 NFL Draft.
College statistics
Professional career
Pre-draft
In early 2016, Henry was predicted to be a late first- to second-round pick in the 2016 NFL Draft. Henry skipped most physical drills at the NFL Combine but did compete in bench press with a position worst of 13 reps. Henry managed to improve on his pro day by posting a 4.67 40 yard dash and completing 21 reps in the bench press establishing himself as one of the top tight ends in the 2016 NFL Draft.
Henry was drafted by the San Diego Chargers in the second round (35th overall) of the 2016 NFL Draft. He was the first tight end to be selected in the 2016 NFL Draft. In addition, he was the first of five Arkansas Razorbacks to be selected that year.
San Diego / Los Angeles Chargers
2016 season
On June 2, 2016, Henry and the Chargers agreed to a four-year, $6.38 million contract with $3.98 million guaranteed and a $2.84 million signing bonus.
Henry entered training camp competing to be the backup tight end, against veterans Sean McGrath and Asante Cleveland. Henry was named the San Diego Chargers' third tight end on their depth chart to begin the regular season, behind longtime Pro-bowl veteran Antonio Gates and Sean McGrath.
In his NFL debut against the Kansas City Chiefs, Henry made one reception for 20 yards in the season-opening overtime loss. The following week, he earned his first NFL start during a victory over the Jacksonville Jaguars. During a Week 4 loss to the Saints, he caught four passes for 61 yards and scored his first NFL touchdown on a 20-yard pass from quarterback Philip Rivers. On October 13, 2016, Henry led all Chargers in receptions, making six catches for 83 yards and a touchdown in a 21–13 victory over the Denver Broncos. On December 18, he caught three passes for 37 receiving yards and a touchdown during a 19–16 loss to the Oakland Raiders. Henry has the distinction of catching the final touchdown of the Chargers' history in San Diego scoring a 12-yard touchdown in the fourth quarter of the 37-27 loss to Kansas City in the season finale.
In his rookie season, Henry scored the second-most touchdowns by a rookie tight end in the last decade (only behind Rob Gronkowski), and scored the fifth-most touchdowns by a rookie tight end in NFL history.
2017 season
During Week 15 against the Kansas City Chiefs, Henry left the game with a knee injury. The next day, it was revealed that he suffered a lacerated kidney and was placed on injured reserve on December 19, 2017. He finished the season with 45 receptions for 579 yards and four touchdowns.
2018 season
On May 22, 2018, Henry suffered a torn ACL during OTAs, and was ruled out for the entire season. On September 1, 2018, he was placed on the physically unable to perform list, giving Henry a chance to return later in the season. He was added to the active roster on January 7, 2019, ahead of their Divisional Round game, which they lost to the eventual Super Bowl LIII champion New England Patriots.
2019 season
On September 11, 2019, it was announced that Henry suffered a tibia plateau fracture to his left knee and would be out several weeks. Henry made his return from injury in Week 6 against the Pittsburgh Steelers. In that game, Henry caught eight passes for 100 yards and two touchdowns in the 24-17 loss. Overall, Henry finished the 2019 season with 55 receptions for 652 receiving yards and five receiving touchdowns.
2020 season
The Chargers placed the franchise tag on Henry on March 13, 2020. He signed the tag on April 16. He was placed on the reserve/COVID-19 list by the team on December 24, 2020, and activated on January 7, 2021. He finished the 2020 season with 60 receptions for 613 receiving yards and four receiving touchdowns.
New England Patriots
2021 season
On March 19, 2021, Henry signed a three-year, $37.5 million contract with the New England Patriots. He scored his first touchdown for the Patriots in Week 4 during a 17–19 home loss to the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. Over the first 10 games, Henry caught seven touchdown passes, establishing himself as a frequent red zone target for rookie quarterback Mac Jones. He finished the 2021 season with 50 receptions for 603 receiving yards and nine receiving touchdowns.
2022 season
Henry returned as the Patriots starting tight end in 2022. He finished the season with 41 catches for 509 yards and two touchdowns.
NFL career statistics
Personal life
Henry's parents are Mark Henry and Jenny Henry, and they live in Little Rock. His father was an offensive lineman for the Arkansas Razorbacks from 1987–1991. He lettered four years for the Razorbacks. Henry has three siblings; Hayden, Hudson and Hope. Hayden was a linebacker at Arkansas from 2017-2022. Hudson is a redshirt junior tight end also at the University of Arkansas.
Henry was married on June 30, 2018. Hunter and his wife have one son.
Henry is a Christian. He has said, “I would say my faith is the most important thing to me. My dad is a pastor in Little Rock. I’ve grown up in a Christian background my whole life. My faith is the most important thing to me; that’s the one message that I want to convey to everybody.”
References
External links
New England Patriots bio
Arkansas Razorbacks bio
1994 births
Living people
All-American college football players
American football tight ends
Arkansas Razorbacks football players
Los Angeles Chargers players
New England Patriots players
San Diego Chargers players
Players of American football from Little Rock, Arkansas
Sigma Alpha Epsilon members
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41027849
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bill%20Tuiloma
|
Bill Tuiloma
|
Bill Poni Tuiloma (born 27 March 1995) is a New Zealand professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or defensive midfielder for Charlotte FC in Major League Soccer.
Tuiloma has represented New Zealand internationally since 2013, and was the first New Zealander to play in Ligue 1, the highest division of French football.
Early life
Born in Beach Haven, New Zealand, Tuiloma is of Samoan descent. He attended Birkenhead College and Lincoln High School. He was part of the first intake of players to be invited to the Asia Pacific Football Academy which worked with Chelsea FC.
Club career
Marseille
Following trials with LA Galaxy and Queens Park Rangers, Tuiloma signed a deal with French side Olympique de Marseille in July 2013. In a 2013 interview, he was questioned about his journey from relative football obscurity to his eventual move to Marseille.
He also admitted that Queens Park Rangers and Wellington Phoenix were also interested in signing him if the Marseille deal fell through.
Tuiloma made his first-team debut for the club on 7 February 2015, when he came on as a late substitute for Florian Thauvin in a 2–2 draw with Rennes. Upon making his debut he became the first New Zealander ever to play in Ligue 1. It was one of only two senior appearances he made, however, before signing on loan for Strasbourg for the 2015–16 season, and then permanently for Portland Timbers in 2017.
Portland Timbers
On 25 July 2017, Tuiloma officially signed with MLS side Portland Timbers. He made three appearances with Portland Timbers 2 in 2017, and made his first-team debut on 24 March 2018, in a 1–1 draw with FC Dallas. The Timbers resigned Tuiloma on 24 January 2018.
International career
Tuiloma represented New Zealand under-17 at the 2011 FIFA U-17 World Cup and New Zealand under-20, for whom he was also the captain, at the 2013 and 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cups.
He made his senior international debut for New Zealand on 15 October 2013, at the age of 18, when he came on as a substitute in a 0–0 draw with Trinidad and Tobago in Port of Spain.
Career statistics
Club
International
International goals
Honours
Waitakere United
New Zealand Football Championship: 2011–12
Strasbourg
Championnat National: 2015–16
Portland Timbers
MLS is Back Tournament: 2020
New Zealand
OFC Nations Cup: 2016
OFC U-20 Championship: 2013
OFC U-17 Championship: 2011
References
External links
1995 births
Living people
Samoan men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
New Zealand men's association footballers
New Zealand men's international footballers
New Zealand sportspeople of Samoan descent
New Zealand men's under-20 international footballers
Olympique de Marseille players
People educated at Lincoln High School, New Zealand
Charlotte FC players
Portland Timbers 2 players
Portland Timbers players
USL Championship players
Waitakere United players
2016 OFC Nations Cup players
2017 FIFA Confederations Cup players
Expatriate men's soccer players in the United States
Expatriate men's footballers in France
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in the United States
New Zealand expatriate sportspeople in France
Ligue 1 players
Major League Soccer players
Birkenhead United AFC players
Association footballers from Auckland
RC Strasbourg Alsace players
People from North Shore, New Zealand
New Zealand men's under-23 international footballers
|
41027858
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lysurus%20pakistanicus
|
Lysurus pakistanicus
|
Lysurus pakistanicus is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. Found in Pakistan, it was first described scientifically in 2006 from a specimen collected on the lawn of the campus of the University of the Punjab in Lahore. The fruit bodies features a clathrate (latticelike) netted head atop a short stipe. It has spores measuring 1.75–2.15 by 3.85–5.25 µm.
References
External links
Phallales
Fungi described in 2006
Fungi of Asia
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41027873
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahmad%20Salamatian
|
Ahmad Salamatian
|
Ahmad Salamatian (; born 1941, Isfahan) is a former Iranian politician. He "played a prominent part in the revolution against the Shah", co-founding the Committee for the Defense of Freedom and Human Rights in 1977, and was the campaign manager of Abolhassan Banisadr in the 1980 presidential election. He was deputy minister of foreign affairs in 1979, and was elected to the Iranian parliament in February 1980. He had lived in exile in France prior to the 1979 Iranian Revolution (gaining a Master of Advanced Studies in political science from the University of Paris in 1966), and returned there in September 1981 after Banisadr was deposed and assassination attempts were made against him. He has written for Le Monde Diplomatique.
Salamatian later said, in response to the release of the film Argo, that he had been one of a number of Iranian officials aware of the 6 US hostages hidden in the Canadian embassy, who had kept quiet for fear of the radical hostage-taking groups. In 2010 he co-authored a book on Iran's 2009-10 "Green Revolution".
Electoral history
Books
(with Sara Daniel) Iran : la révolte verte – La fin de l'islam politique ?, Éditions Delavilla, 2010
References
1941 births
Living people
Politicians from Isfahan
People of the Iranian Revolution
University of Paris alumni
Iranian revolutionaries
Members of the 1st Islamic Consultative Assembly
National Front (Iran) student activists
Office for the Cooperation of the People with the President politicians
National Council of Resistance of Iran members
Members of the Iranian Committee for the Defense of Freedom and Human Rights
|
41027880
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bayonetta%3A%20Bloody%20Fate
|
Bayonetta: Bloody Fate
|
is a 2013 anime film produced by Gonzo, based on PlatinumGames' 2009 video game, Bayonetta. The film was directed by Fuminori Kizaki with screenplay by Mitsutaka Hirota.
Bloody Fate was the first piece of Bayonetta media to be voiced in Japanese, as opposed to the first game being voiced exclusively by an English cast. The film was released in Japanese theaters on November 23, 2013, and later released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on February 14, 2014. The film has been licensed in North America by Funimation and the English dub features most of the same voice cast from the game reprising their respective roles.
After the positive reception of the film, the Japanese cast of Bloody Fate returned to lend their voices to the characters in Bayonetta 2, as well as the special Wii U edition of the first game in 2014.
Plot
As an adaptation of Bayonetta rather than a direct translation, Bloody Fate's storyline follows the events and characters of the game with some slight changes to locales, order and details. After waking from 500 years of slumber at the bottom of a lake, with no memory of her life before, the Umbra witch Bayonetta embarks on a journey to rediscover her identity and her past. Battling the hordes of angelic-themed monsters (she calls them "ghosts") that stand in her way, Bayonetta's journey takes her to the isolated European town of Vigrid, where she confronts the last Lumen Sage, Balder. This deranged sage sees the world as irredeemably corrupt and wishes to destroy it. After an epic battle in which both summon celestial monsters, Bayonetta kills Balder.
Cast
Production
Bloody Fate was created by the anime studio Gonzo. Ai Yokoyama was responsible for designing the main characters of Bloody Fate based on the original Bayonetta character designs by Mari Shimizaki, who also supervised the project. Hiroya Iijima was in charge of the angel enemy designs, also based on original artwork for the game.
Mai from Avex Entertainment contributed the theme song, entitled "Night, I Stand". Other music for the film was composed by Jun Abe and Masato Kazune, with some additional pieces being provided by reworked versions of tracks from the game.
For the English-localized version of the film, FUNimation Entertainment contacted Jonathan Klein and Los Angeles-based New Generation Pictures to handle the production and requested that as many video game cast members as possible reprise their roles. Since Bayonetta voice actress Hellena Taylor had relocated back to the UK, Klein recorded her voice separately at The Egg Recording Studio located at Shepperton Studios in Surrey, England.
Release
Bayonetta: Bloody Fate was released for a limited theatrical run in Japan on the November 23, 2013. The film also received a home video release for DVD and Blu-ray on February 14, 2014. Madman Entertainment have licensed the film in Australia. Funimation has licensed the film in North America.
A manga adaptation illustrated by Mizuki Sakakibara was published in two parts in Kodansha's Bessatsu Shōnen Magazine on November 9, 2013, and December 9, 2013, respectively.
Reception
Richard Eisenbeis of Kotaku praised the film for its beautiful action and streamlined storyline, calling it "the most 90s movie I have seen in a decade" and "even more over-the-top than the game was."
Notes
References
External links
2013 anime films
2013 films
Adventure anime and manga
Anime films based on video games
Bayonetta
Comics based on films
Fantasy anime and manga
Films about witchcraft
Films based on Sega video games
Films directed by Fuminori Kizaki
Funimation
Gonzo (company)
Japanese animated films
Kodansha manga
Shōnen manga
|
41027886
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter%20Adams%20%28Australian%20footballer%29
|
Peter Adams (Australian footballer)
|
Peter Adams (born 20 June 1964) is a former Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).
Adams, a rover, came to Collingwood from Ivanhoe Amateurs in 1986. He made his debut that year in Collingwood's round 21 win over Richmond, as a replacement for an injured Tony Shaw. He also played the following week, against St Kilda at Waverley Park, where he had 19 disposals and kicked four goals. Collingwood missed out on a spot in the finals by percentage.
In 1986 he also represented the VAFA at the Adelaide AAFC Carnival, which they won.
He made four appearances for Collingwood in 1987.
References
1964 births
Australian rules footballers from Victoria (state)
Collingwood Football Club players
Ivanhoe Amateurs Football Club players
Living people
|
41027892
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equatoguinean%20Americans
|
Equatoguinean Americans
|
Equatoguinean Americans (, ) are Americans of Equatoguinean descent.
Demographics
Equatoguineans are a small minority in the United States, with less than 300 individuals in 2000.
Notable people
Gus Envela, Jr.
Gustavo Envela-Makongo, Sr.
Andrés Malango
Donato Malango
Roberto Mandje
See also
Equatorial Guinea–United States relations
References
American
Central Africans in the United States
|
41027894
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth%20Colson
|
Elizabeth Colson
|
Elizabeth Florence Colson (June 15, 1917 – August 3, 2016) was an American social anthropologist and professor emerita of anthropology at the University of California, Berkeley. She was best known for the classic long-term study of the Tonga people of the Gwembe Valley in Zambia and Zimbabwe, which she began in 1956 with Thayer Scudder, 11 years after she obtained her doctorate and while Scudder was a second-year graduate student. Dr. Colson focused her research on the consequences of forced resettlement on culture and social organization, the effects of economic pressure on familial relationships, rituals, religious life, and even drinking patterns.
Biography
Colson was born in Hewitt, Minnesota on June 15, 1917. She received her bachelor's and master's degrees in anthropology from the University of Minnesota and her Ph.D in Social Anthropology in 1945 from Radcliffe College. Colson received a fellowship from the American Association of University Women in 1942–1943. She was elected a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 1977 and a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1978.
While at Radcliffe College, she experienced sex-discrimination in academia and would later work to eradicate this discrimination at the University of California.
Her work was based on ethnography and focused on long-term, data supported research. Colson later became a Professor Emeritus at the University of California, Berkeley. She died in Monze, Zambia in August 2016 at the age of 99.
Research
Gwembe Tonga Project
In 1956, Elizabeth Colson was sent by the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute to study the potential effects that the construction of a dam and hydro-electric power plant would have on the Gwembe Tonga of Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia). She partnered with Thayer Scudder in order to collect data on the residents of Gwembe. Colson then outlined the social reactions observed during the resettlement of the Gwembe Tonga in her project report titled "The Social Consequences of Resettlement, the Impact of Kariba Resettlement Upon the Gwembe Tonga". The reactions from the Gwembe expressed in Colson's report include: social upheaval, hostility towards the government, loss of legitimacy of local leaders who supported the resettlement of the Gwembe, increase of force on the part of the aforementioned leaders, and general instability in the Gwembe social structure.
This research directly contributed to the academic discussions of resettlement, migration, and refugee communities in applied and development anthropology. Colson's research with Scudder on the Gwembe and the social and political aspects of their resettlement is ongoing.
References
1917 births
2016 deaths
American anthropologists
American women anthropologists
Fellows of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences
Members of the United States National Academy of Sciences
People from Todd County, Minnesota
Radcliffe College alumni
Social anthropologists
University of California, Berkeley College of Letters and Science faculty
University of Minnesota College of Liberal Arts alumni
People associated with the Rhodes-Livingstone Institute
21st-century American women
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41027895
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter%20Milliken
|
Walter Milliken
|
Walter Milliken is a writer and game designer who has worked on a number of GURPS products for Steve Jackson Games.
Career
Walter Milliken ran the GURPS Digest discussion list on the internet in the early 1990s.
In a lawsuit that received national attention and led to the establishment of the Electronic Frontier Foundation, Milliken and Steve Jackson successfully sued the United States Secret Service in 1993 for illegally seizing computers and electronic information.
Walter Milliken is the co-author of GURPS Illuminati University, and contributor to many GURPS books. There is a list of his other work at www.pen-paper.net (archive). He is married to his frequent co-author, Elizabeth McCoy.
References
American game designers
GURPS writers
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
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41027931
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trenton%20Meacham
|
Trenton Meacham
|
Trenton "Trent" Meacham (born September 26, 1985) is an American professional basketball player for Boulazac Basket Dordogne of the LNB Pro A. He played college basketball at both the University of Dayton and the University of Illinois.
Professional
In July 2009, he signed with WBC Raiffeisen Wels of Austria for the 2009–10 season. In July 2010, he signed with BG Göttingen of Germany for the 2010–11 season.
In June 2011, he signed with Paris-Levallois of France for the 2011–12 season.
In October 2012, he signed with JSF Nanterre of France for the rest of the 2012–13 season. In June 2013, he re-signed with JSF Nanterre for one more year.
In August 2014, he signed a one-year deal with the Italian team Emporio Armani Milano. In February 2015, he left Milano and signed with ASVEL Basket of France. In March 2017, he left ASVEL.
On October 22, 2017, he signed with French club Boulazac Basket Dordogne.
Personal
Meacham is married to Theresa Lisch, a basketball player herself and the sister of his former teammate, Kevin.
References
External links
Trenton Meacham at eurobasket.com
Trenton Meacham at euroleague.net
Trenton Meacham at legabasket.it
Trenton Meacham at lnb.fr
1985 births
Living people
American expatriate basketball people in Austria
American expatriate basketball people in France
American expatriate basketball people in Germany
American expatriate basketball people in Italy
American men's basketball players
ASVEL Basket players
Basketball players from Illinois
BG Göttingen players
Dayton Flyers men's basketball players
Flyers Wels players
Illinois Fighting Illini men's basketball players
Nanterre 92 players
Olimpia Milano players
Metropolitans 92 players
Point guards
Shooting guards
Sportspeople from Champaign, Illinois
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41027935
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banda%20U%C3%B3
|
Banda Uó
|
Banda Uó was a Brazilian tecnobrega band composed of Davi Sabbag, Mateus Carrilho, and Candy Mel. The band was formed in 2010 in the Goiânia. The group was initially composed of Davi Sabbag, Mateus Carrilho and Flora Maria. They released their first music video, a tecnobrega cover of Katy Perry's "Teenage Dream", called "Não Quero Saber", with help from students of Universidade Federal de Goiás and PUC Goiás.
The funny lyrics and Sabbag's direction got the attention of DJ Diplo, who was responsible for introducing funk carioca to the world. Besides this, Flora Maria left the group and Mel Gonçalves, also known as Candy Mel, joined the group, the three started to work in others versions, releasing the extended play "Me Emoldurei de Presente Pra Te Ter".
They released another cover–this time of Willow Smith's "Whip My Hair", called "Shake de Amor". The music video won the 2011 MTV Brazil Music Video Awards, bringing the group to nationwide prominence.
In 2012, Banda Uó released their debut album Motel through Deckdisc. They received good reviews from Rolling Stone Brasil: "One of the triumphs of Banda Uó was to realize that being humorous is not necessarily related to "funny" music - and that the trio secured an audience even wider."
Background
2010: Beginning
During a trip to Pirenópolis, Goiás, Davi Sabbag and Mateus Carrilho set up the band Folk Heart. The project was uploaded to YouTube as a "joke". With Folk Heart, they performed on some festivals in Goiás attracting public attention. David, Mateus and Candy Mel met in adolescence during parties in Goiânia's nights.
The three decided to create a trio to promote a party called "Uó," where David was the manager and promoter. With inspiration from DJ Cremoso, who was a precursor for mixing tecnobrega with pop music, they recorded a cover version with samples of Katy Perry's "Teenage Dream" called "Eu Não Quero Saber." Mel Gonçalves wasn't able to attend recording sessions, being replaced by Flora Maria. After they recorded three more songs due to the success of the song. According to David, it was at that moment that he thought the band could work.
The video ended up attracting attention of DJ Diplo, who was one of the responsible for introducing funk carioca to the world. Pedro D'Eyrot and Rodrigo Gorky, both from group "Bonde do Rolê," were responsible for the production of their songs and together with Diplo, they became the band's managers. At that moment, Mel Gonçalves returned to the group.
2011: First release and EP
Candy Mel had to leave her fashion college to move along with the band to São Paulo. Although David and Mateus were boyfriends, after fighting in a trip, they decided to remain in the band. They were living with a "rich friend" for six months, they describe.
The band eventually released the music video for "Shake de Amor," a cover of Willow Smith's Whip My Hair, which ended up winning "Best Music Video" at the 2011 MTV Video Music Brasil (VMBs).
The extended play Me Emoldurei de Presente Pra Te Ter was released in July 2011 through Tropical Avalanche. The EP contains five tracks. A video for "O Gosto Amargo do Perfume" was also released, a cover of Two Door Cinema Club's Something Good Can Work. The band signed with Deckdisc in 2011, according to Mateus: "Deck[disc] is a very open label. We are working with a lot of freedom, our concern was exactly this..."
In March 2011, they performed "Shake de Amor" on Esquenta! of Rede Globo. According to the band, the theme addressed by the program, on Candy Mel's transsexuality, was not disclosed to them in advance, causing embarrassment to the singer.
The band's debut album, Motel was released on September 7, 2012 through Deckdisc. On release day, the album peaked at number one Brazilian iTunes. Rolling Stone Brazil rated the album 4 out of 5 stars and ranked it 9th in their "best albums of the year" list. It spawned four singles: "Faz Uó", "Gringo", "Cowboy" and "Búzios do Coração". "Cowboy" was released as EP with the original version, two remixed versions (Sabbag's Tacinha Remix and Vibe Remix) and " Sexy Sem Ser Vulgar (We Don't Fucking Care)," recorded for the 2013 Fall-Winter campaign of the brand Sergio K.
2014: Batalha dos Quiosques and first DVD
On January 7, 2014, MTV Brazil broadcast "Batalha dos Quiosques," a weekly program where two bands competed administrating kiosks on the beach. In the end, Banda Uó became the winner of the program with the prize being recording a song. The production eventually became "Catraca", released on March 27, 2014, featuring famous funk singer and Brazilian rapper Mr. Catra. The music video was released on April 7, 2014, directed by Cristina Streciwik.
On November 5, 2014, the band announced on social networks the release of the DVD Turnê Motel - ao Vivo no Cine Jóia. One of the concerts was previously broadcast on Multishow on October 3, 2013. The DVD was released on November 25, 2014. "Faz Uó", "Cowboy", "Gringo", "I <3 Cafuçu", "Vânia" and the hit song "Shake de Amor" are on the setlist. Preta Gil, was featured on "Nêga Samurai" and "Sou Como Sou".
2015: Veneno
In May 2015, Rede Globo announced that "Catraca" would be part of the soundtrack of the telenovela I Love Paraisópolis. They guest starred on the first chapter as themselves, and the song came to be one of the most sought after on Brazilian iTunes.
In an interview, they confirmed the second studio album was in development. Mateus Carrilho said that the album "will be more pop and less brega, also focusing on other audiences using with different beats." Matheus described that he wanted black singers with strong and perfect voices, so they called Karol Conká and Vanessa Jackson to be featured on the album.
The lead single from Veneno, "É da Rádio", was released on August 11, 2015. They also announced the cover art and tracklist containing thirteen songs.
2017: Break announcement
In October 2017, the band announced they are taking a break to focus on their solo careers. They released a farewell track titled "Tô Na Rua" in December 2017, accompanied by a music video.
Discography
Studio albums
Extended plays
Video albums
Singles
Videography
Tours
Turnê Motel (2012)
Turnê Veneno (2015)
Members
Davi Sabbag
Mateus Carrilho
Candy Mel
Flora Maria - (2010-2011)
Awards and nominations
References
External links
Brazilian pop music groups
LGBT-themed musical groups
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41027946
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EgyptAir%20Flight%20321
|
EgyptAir Flight 321
|
EgyptAir Flight 321 was a Cairo-Luxor Egyptian flight which was hijacked by three armed terrorists claiming to be from the Abd Al-Nasir Movement. After hijacking the aircraft, the terrorists demanded to be flown to Libya. The terrorists agreed to land in Luxor instead, after being persuaded that the aircraft needed to be refuelled. In Luxor, Sa'ka Forces stormed the aircraft and captured the hijackers. No passengers were injured during the operation. The terrorists were convicted and sentenced to hard labor for life.
Background
On August 23, 1976, three armed terrorists claiming to be from the Abd Al-Nasir Movement hijacked the Egyptian Cairo-Luxor flight and asked the pilot to land in Tripoli. One of the three hijackers was a 21-year-old Palestinian, Mohammed Naguid, who was working in Kuwait. They demanded the release of five Libyans imprisoned in Cairo in connection with two assassination attempts. The context was the deterioration of relations between Egypt and Libya after the Yom Kippur War due to Libyan opposition to Sadat's peace policy. There had been a breakdown in unification talks between the two governments, which subsequently led to the Egyptian–Libyan War. Fifteen minutes after takeoff from Cairo International Airport, an Italian pilot called the airport to report that he had received a beam aerial from the Egyptian aircraft heading to Luxor that it had been hijacked and the flight was under terrorist control.
The operation
President Sadat ordered the Prime Minister and the Minister of Defense to make the necessary decisions to protect the passengers and arrest the terrorists. The Prime Minister and the Minister of Defense quickly flew to Luxor International Airport where they started a secret meeting in the airport's tower, while Major General Abdul Hafiz Al-Bagori, Governor of Qena started negotiations with the three terrorists in order to gain time. In a call between the cockpit and the airport, the pilot complained about a problem in the aircraft - that it hadn't shown that the aircraft needing refuelling - and that the aircraft needed maintenance. The terrorists were persuaded to allow the aircraft to land in Luxor for refuelling.
Negotiations continued until 3 p.m., when the governor told the terrorists that engineers were ready. The engineers were two disguised Sa'ka Officers, who went inside and outside the aircraft several times in order to appear to be maintenance workers. Minutes later three officers stormed the aircraft and captured the hijackers. The on-site commander of the Egyptian commandos was Colonel Sayed El Sharkawy. He and the other commandos have received the Star of Honor medal from President Sadat following the successful operation.
Aftermath
The 95 passengers, mostly tourists, and 6 crew members were all rescued unharmed.
During investigations the hijackers said they had received directions from Libya, that had the operation succeeded they would have received a $250,000 reward from Muammar Gaddafi, and that they had already received 1/5th of this reward.
The Palestinian Revolution Movement also claimed credit for the hijacking.
Reactions
- The Palestine Liberation Organization condemned the hijacking and stressed that it was not related to actions intended to harm the Palestinian struggle.
- Sudanese president Gaafar Nimeiry called Egyptian president Sadat to congratulate him in the name of the Sudanese people for the success of the Egyptian Special Forces in rescuing the passengers.
See also
List of aircraft hijackings
EgyptAir Flight 181 - EgyptAir flight hijacked in 2016
EgyptAir Flight 648 - EgyptAir flight hijacked in 1985
References
Al-Ahram Newspaper (August 24, 1976 Issue)
1976 in Egypt
Accidents and incidents involving the Boeing 737 Original
Aircraft hijackings
Aviation accidents and incidents in 1976
Aviation accidents and incidents in Egypt
321
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41027968
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20A.%20Higgins
|
James A. Higgins
|
James A. Higgins (c.1889 – November 26, 1962) was an American lawyer and politician from New York.
Life
He was born in Brooklyn, the son of Thomas Louis Higgins and Mary Scott Higgins. He graduated from Erasmus Hall High School and Fordham University School of Law. He was admitted to the bar in 1916.
Higgins was a member of the New York State Senate (6th D.) from 1923 to 1926, sitting in the 146th, 147th, 148th and 149th New York State Legislatures; and was Chairman of the Committee on Privileges and Elections from 1923 to 1924.
In 1926, he married Frances Heaviside, a niece of Gov. Al Smith, and they had three children.
He was New York City Commissioner of Accounts, appointed by Mayor Jimmy Walker, from 1927 to 1932.
He died on November 26, 1962; and was buried at St. John Cemetery in Queens.
Sources
New York Red Book (1925; pg. 67)
WARREN IS CHOSEN FOR POLICE HEAD; HIS POST TO HIGGINS in NYT on April 1, 1927 (subscription required)
JAMES A. HIGGINS, EX-CITY AIDE, DIES in NYT on November 28, 1962 (subscription required)
Higgins family at GenForum
1880s births
1962 deaths
Politicians from Brooklyn
Democratic Party New York (state) state senators
Erasmus Hall High School alumni
Fordham University School of Law alumni
20th-century American politicians
|
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