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41027984
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desert%20rhubarb
|
Desert rhubarb
|
Desert rhubarb is a common name for several desert dwelling plants related to rhubarb and may refer to:
Rheum palaestinum, native to the Middle East
Rumex hymenosepalus, native to western North America
|
41027989
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KB%20RTV21
|
KB RTV21
|
KB RTV21 is a Kosovan basketball team that plays in the Siguria Superleague owned by media operator RTV21.
Current roster
References
External links
Eurobasket.com Team Profile
Basketball teams in Kosovo
|
41028007
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20ambassadors%20of%20Iceland%20to%20Belgium
|
List of ambassadors of Iceland to Belgium
|
Iceland's first ambassador to Belgium was Pétur Benediktsson in 1946. Iceland's current ambassador to Belgium is Þórir Ibsen.
List of ambassadors
See also
Foreign relations of Iceland
Ambassadors of Iceland
References
List of Icelandic representatives (Icelandic Foreign Ministry website)
1946 establishments
Main
Belgium
Iceland
|
41028013
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Como%20Nord%20Lago%20railway%20station
|
Como Nord Lago railway station
|
Como Nord Lago (Como Lago) is a railway station in Como, Italy. It is located in proximity of the lake and a 5-minute walk to the town centre.
Train services are operated exclusively by Trenord between Como Nord Lago and Milano Cadorna.
The station is the terminus of the line from Milano Cadorna railway station.
See also
History of rail transport in Italy
Rail transport in Italy
Railway stations in Italy
References
External links
Como Nord Lago Railway Station
Railway stations in Lombardy
Railway stations opened in 1885
1885 establishments in Italy
Railway stations in Italy opened in the 1880s
|
41028016
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lotec%20C1000
|
Lotec C1000
|
The Lotec C1000 was a concept One-off Megacar, designed, developed and built by German automotive manufacturer Lotec. It was originally conceived in 1994, and constructed in 1995. The 1000 in the name stood for the number of horsepower it produced. It was powered by a twin-turbocharged Mercedes-Benz M117 V8 engine, capable of producing , which enables it to accelerate from in 3.2 seconds, and could reach a theoretical top speed of . At the time, it cost US$575,000 (worth about US$2.2 million in 2013). It is worth about US$7.2 million today.
References
Sports cars
Concept cars
Cars introduced in 1995
Rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive vehicles
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41028027
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liushan
|
Liushan
|
Liushan may refer to these places in China:
Liushan Subdistrict (刘山街道), a subdistrict of Xinfu District, Fushun, Liaoning
Towns
Liushan, Guangxi (流山), in Liuzhou, Guangxi
Liushan, Henan (留山), in Nanzhao County, Henan
Liushan, Shandong (柳山), in Linqu County, Shandong
See also
Liu Shan (207–271), Shu Han emperor
Liu Shan (Ming dynasty) (died 1427), Ming dynasty general
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41028029
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Encounter%20%282011%20film%29
|
The Encounter (2011 film)
|
The Encounter is a 2011 Christian film. The role of Jesus, in modern dress, appearing at a diner in modern-day America, is played by Bruce Marchiano who played Jesus in The Visual Bible: Matthew. It is the first installment of the franchise The Encounter.
Plot
The Encounter follows 5 strangers living in California: Nick, an atheist, former NFL player, and owner of a chain of burger restaurants; Hank and Catherine, whose marriage is falling apart; Melissa, a Christian on the way to visit her boyfriend (who is an atheist), and Kayla, a hitchhiker escaping her abusive stepfather in Los Angeles. When a detour road is closed off, the 5 are stranded in a diner with its omnipresent owner, who discreetly reveals himself to be Jesus, and attempts to help each of the patrons to face the truth in his or her life, particularly its dark side, to seek repentance and go for reconciliation.
Along with serving them, Jesus helps Hank and Catherine re-establish dialogue as a couple, helps Melissa think of the long-term difficulties she will face in a relationship, and marriage, with her boyfriend who is a non-believer, and helps Kayla find in her heart the strength to forgive her abusive stepfather, despite everything he has done.
Each patron at the diner ends up being either born again or is brought to a life-changing decision except for Nick, whose pride and selfishness block him and cause him to reject all questioning of his lifestyle and purpose, in spite of acknowledging having been deeply loved by his grandmother. Officer Deville (the police officer who first informed the patrons of the road being closed off) returns and tells everyone that the road has been re-opened. Nick happily leaves with Deville, who gloats that he has "taken one" from Jesus, who counters that he has "saved four".
As the other patrons leave the diner, they learn from an officer on the road that the road is closed again, because of a serious car accident. They learn that Nick was involved in the crash, which killed him instantly. He also reveals that he has never heard of a Police Officer named 'Deville'. Then Kayla realizes that Deville is actually the Devil in disguise based on the pronunciation of his surname.
The next day, Hank and Catherine find that the diner has mysteriously vanished because Jesus has managed to accomplish his mission of turning their lives around. In Thailand, Jesus shows up as a waiter, alluding to the 2012 sequel film, The Encounter: Paradise Lost.
Cast
Bruce Marchiano as Jesus
Steve "Sting" Borden as Nick
Jaci Velasquez as Melissa
Jamie Nieto as Hank
Danah Davis as Catherine
Madison Gibney as Kayla
Kass Connors as Officer Deville
Marc Davies as Officer Tom
Connor Greenbaum as Young Nick
Elizabeth Ince as Sadie
Alexandra Samia as Young Melissa
Olivia Samia as Annie
Tom Saab as himself
William Waters as Kayla's Drunken Stepfather
David A. R. White as Customer in Thailand (non-speaking cameo)
Sequel
In 2012, a sequel named The Encounter: Paradise Lost was produced, with Bruce Marchiano returning to the role of Jesus. It follows six strangers who find themselves trapped by the threat of an oncoming hurricane in a beachside resort with Jesus, who attempts to spiritually redeem all of them.
Cast
David A. R. White as Special Agent Ric Caperna
Bruce Marchiano as Jesus
Gary Daniels as Charlie Doles
Robert Miano as Bruno Mingarelli
Ammy Chanicha as Mimi Mingarelli
Rif Hutton as Chris Ward
Shelley Robertson as Helen Ward
Kass Connors as Mr. Deville
Sahajak Boonthanakit as Joseph Weinholt
TV series
On October 14, 2016, Pure Flix uploaded a trailer for a series based on (and taking its title from) the film, which the eight-episode first season of premiered on October 21, 2016. A second season is set to take place in the near future, although a definite release date has not yet been decided.
References
External links
Films about evangelicalism
2011 drama films
2011 films
Films set in California
Films produced by Russell Wolfe
Portrayals of Jesus in film
Demons in film
The Devil in film
Films set in restaurants
Films produced by David A. R. White
Films directed by David A. R. White
2010s English-language films
Films about child abuse
Films about Christianity
|
41028032
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Atlantic%20Coast%20Conference%20football%20season
|
2014 Atlantic Coast Conference football season
|
The 2014 Atlantic Coast Conference football season was the 62nd season of college football play for the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC). It was played from August 2014 to January 2015. 2014 was first season of play in the ACC for former American Athletic Conference member Louisville, which replaced ACC charter member Maryland after their move to the Big Ten Conference. Although the Notre Dame football program is not a member of the ACC, it has an agreement to play five ACC schools per season in football starting in 2014. This is in return for access to the non-College Football Playoff ACC bowl line-up. The Irish are not eligible for the ACC Championship Game.
The Atlantic Coast Conference consisted of 14 members in two divisions. The Atlantic Division consisted of Boston College, Clemson, Florida State, Louisville, North Carolina State, Syracuse, and Wake Forest. The Coastal Division consisted of Duke, Georgia Tech, Miami, North Carolina, Pittsburgh, Virginia, and Virginia Tech. The division champions, Florida State and Georgia Tech, met in December in the 2014 ACC Championship Game, played in Charlotte, North Carolina at Bank of America Stadium.
Preseason
Preseason Poll
The 2014 ACC Preseason Poll was announced at the ACC Football Kickoff meetings in Greensboro, North Carolina on July 23. Miami was voted to win Coastal division while Florida State was voted to win the Atlantic division and the conference. Jameis Winston of Florida State was voted the Preseason ACC Player of the Year.
Atlantic Division poll
Florida State – 780 (104 first place votes)
Clemson – 660 (3)
Louisville – 564
Syracuse - 368
North Carolina State – 326
Boston College – 301
Wake Forest – 136
Coastal Division poll
Miami – 614 (26)
Duke – 597 (33)
Virginia Tech – 571 (23)
North Carolina – 570 (27)
Georgia Tech – 322 (1)
Pittsburgh - 319 (2)
Virginia – 142
Predicted ACC Championship Game Winner
Florida State – 104
Clemson – 2
Virginia Tech - 2
Preseason ACC Player of the Year
Jameis Winston, FSU - 99
Vic Beasley, CLEM - 6
Duke Johnson, MIA - 1
Jamison Crowder, DU - 1
Brenden Motley, VT - 1
Preseason All Conference Teams
Offense
Defense
Specialist
Coaches
The conference had two new head coaches for the 2014 football season. Wake Forest hired Dave Clawson from Bowling Green one week after 13-year coach Jim Grobe resigned after his fifth straight losing season. Wake Forest athletic director, Ron Wellman, stated that their preference was to hire someone with experience coaching a private school. Clawson previously coached at FCS Fordham and Richmond before leading FBS Bowling Green to three bowl appearances and a conference title in the past five years. Louisville also changed coaches prior to the 2014 season. Former head coach Charlie Strong left the Louisville program following the 2013 season to take the head coaching position at Texas. Following his departure, Louisville rehired former head coach Bobby Petrino to a seven-year contract. Petrino formerly coached Louisville from 2003 to 2006 before leaving to coach at Arkansas. He spent his 2013 season as the head coach of Western Kentucky, where he led the team to an 8–4 record.
Note: Stats shown are before the beginning of the season
Rankings
Notre Dame partnership
Starting in 2014, Notre Dame is scheduled to play five games against ACC opponents annually. Each ACC team will play Notre Dame at least once during a three-year period. Due to scheduling constraints however, the 2014 Notre Dame team will only play four ACC opponents, but will play six in 2015 to even out the schedule.
Bowl games
Bowl eligibility
Bowl eligible
Boston College
Clemson
Duke
Florida State
Georgia Tech
Louisville
Miami
NC State
North Carolina
Pittsburgh
Virginia Tech
Bowl ineligible
Syracuse
Wake Forest
Virginia
Bowl Results
Postseason
All-conference teams
The following players were selected to the All-ACC teams for 2014.
First Team
Second Team
Third Team
^ indicates that there was a tie in the voting
ACC Individual Awards
ACC Player of the Year
RB James Conner - Pittsburgh
Rookie of the Year
QB Brad Kaaya - Miami
Coach of the Year
Paul Johnson - Georgia Tech
Offensive Player of the Year
RB James Conner - Pittsburgh
Offensive Rookie of the Year
QB Brad Kaaya - Miami
Brian Piccolo Award
RB Duke Johnson - Miami
Jacobs Blocking Trophy
T Cameron Erving - Florida State
Defensive Player of the Year
DT Vic Beasley - Clemson
Defensive Rookie of the Year
S Quin Blanding - Virginia
Jim Tatum Award
LB David Helton - Duke
National Awards
John Mackey Award
TE Nick O'Leary- Florida State
Jim Thorpe Award
S Gerod Holliman- Louisville
Campbell Trophy
LB David Helton- Duke
References
|
41028033
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International%20Pony
|
International Pony
|
International Pony was a band from Hamburg, Germany. It was formed in 1998 by Stefan Kozalla also known as DJ Koze, Daniel Sommer also known as Cosmic DJ, and by Carsten Meyer well known as Erobique. International Pony have released the albums We love Music (2002), Bass is Boss (2004) and Mit Dir Sind Wir Vier (2006). The band dissolved in 2010.
Their combination of funk and electro led them to various remixing gigs.
DJ Koze and Cosmic DJ both were members of Fischmob band before forming the new band International Pony.
Discography
Albums
We Love Music (2002, Skint Records)
Bass Is Boss (2004, Columbia) – remix and video album
Mit Dir sind wir vier (2006, Columbia)
Singles
"Leaving Home" (2002)
"Hangin 'Around" (2002)
"My Mouth" (2003)
"Gothic Girl" (2006)
"Our House"
"The Sweet Madness"
The song "Leaving Home" was the theme song in the 2009 show Into the Night with Rick Dees.
References
External links
Official website
Band news at Residentadvisor
BBC Music
German hip hop groups
Hamburg hip hop
Musical groups from Hamburg
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41028034
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallus%20flavidus
|
Phallus flavidus
|
Phallus flavidus is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. Described as new to science in 2009, it is found in the Seychelles.
References
External links
Fungi of Seychelles
Fungi described in 2009
Phallales
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41028094
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ernest%20Blyth
|
Ernest Blyth
|
Ernest Frederick Burns Blyth (11 July 1872 – 1 November 1933) was an Australian politician in Tasmania.
Early Life and marriage
Ernest was born in 1872 to schoolteacher William Crowther Blyth and Mary Ann (née Burns) of Honeywood, in the Huon district. Within a handful of years the family moved to Campbell Town where his father was appointed head teacher and stayed there for over 20 years. From a young age Ernest had a literary interest, winning prizes for poetry, or being noted for his care when looking after books.
Ernest Blyth married Jessie Chepmell in Hobart on 14 April 1903. Over the next few years a few children were born to the couple, Blyth working as an estate manager at the "Armistead" property at Kimberley.
Political career
In 1913 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Wilmot. A Nationalist from 1917, he joined the Country Party in 1922. He was appointed Minister for Lands and Mines, Soldier Settlement in August that year, In June 1923 there was a Cabinet re-shuffle and Blyth was appointed Chief Secretary and Minister for Mines.
Blyth was defeated in 1925, an electoral boundary change affecting his chances, and his time to conduct his campaign being affected by family bereavements.
Later life and death
He died at home at Kimberley in 1933.
References
1872 births
1933 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
National Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028127
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LendInvest
|
LendInvest
|
LendInvest is a non-bank mortgage lender in the UK, and is a property lending and investing platform. As an alternative Fintech lender in the property market, LendInvest provides finance to property professionals and small and medium-sized businesses (SMEs) around the UK. It also makes it possible for individuals, corporates and institutions to invest in secured property loans originated and underwritten by its mortgage team.
LendInvest is regarded as one of the leading FinTech companies in the UK, and has been referred to as a 'future billion dollar' business.
LendInvest was launched in 2013 when it was spun out of Montello, a London-based specialist short-term property finance lender.
LendInvest is a public company and is backed by Atomico, the European venture capital investment fund co-founded by Niklas Zennström, which invested £17 million in the company in March 2016.
LendInvest operates throughout the UK with staff based regionally covering Southern England, Northern England and Scotland.
History
Since 2015, LendInvest has published an independently audited Annual Report on its website. In the year to 31 March 2017, LendInvest reported 20% revenue growth to £40 million and an underlying profit from operations of £2.6 million.
In February 2017, LendInvest published a report entitled "Starting small to build more homes: A blueprint for better policymaking in the property SME market", that revealed that SMEs in the housebuilding sector have been failing at alarming rates, and argues that the government could help to resolve the country's chronic housing shortage by rebooting its strategy to help smaller property firms. The report was formally launched on 21 March 2017 by Conor Burns MP.
In June 2017, LendInvest received a third SQ1 Servicer Quality Rating from European ratings agency ARC Ratings. ARC Rating assesses the process used by LendInvest to originate, underwrite and service property loans.
In September 2016, LendInvest launched the LendInvest Property Development Academy, a non-profit two day course for aspiring property entrepreneurs to learn how to better equip themselves with the skills they need to grow their property development portfolios. Academy courses are held in London, Manchester, Edinburgh, Bristol and Birmingham. The Academy was launched in collaboration with the University of Reading and is supported by the Home Builders' Federation. The initiative was attended by the Scottish government in June 2017 when Minister for Housing Kevin Stewart MSP launched the Edinburgh course.
In November 2017, LendInvest launched into the UK Buy-to-Let market and in June 2019 became the first Fintech to securitise its own assets in a £259 million securitisation of Buy-to-Let loans.
LendInvest became a public company in July 2021, listing on the London Stock Exchange's AIM.
Products
LendInvest provides short-term financing options, and Buy-to-Let mortgages for UK-based property investors.
On 10 August 2017, LendInvest launched a listed retail bond on the London Stock Exchange. The process to raise LendInvest's first retail bond was closed early and oversubscribed. The retail bond is the first to be issued by a FinTech business and constitutes a fourth funding channel for the company. LendInvest's first retail bond was added by the Daily Telegraph's Questor share tip column to its £500,000 Income Portfolio on 4 August 2017.
References
External links
Official site
Financial services companies established in 2013
Financial services companies based in London
Companies listed on the Alternative Investment Market
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41028144
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20American%20Midland%20Naturalist
|
The American Midland Naturalist
|
The American Midland Naturalist is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering natural history. It was established in 1909 by Julius Nieuwland and is published by the University of Notre Dame. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 0.621.
References
External links
History of the journal
Biology journals
English-language journals
Publications established in 1909
Quarterly journals
Academic journals published by universities and colleges of the United States
1909 establishments in Indiana
University of Notre Dame academic journals
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41028193
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trento-Bondone%20Hill%20Climb
|
Trento-Bondone Hill Climb
|
The Trento-Bondone Hill Climb is a hillclimbing competition starting in Trento and finishing on the Monte Bondone, organised by the Scuderia Trentina of the Automobile Club d'Italia. The first competition event was held on 5 July 1925. The course is in length. It was described as "an absurdly dramatic climb" that begins in the Adige valley at 275 metres elevation and climbs to 1650 metres in the Alps, for an average gradient of 7.9%. The track is part of the European Hill Climb Championship. In 2014, the course was recreated in the videogame Assetto Corsa.
References
Hillclimbs
Auto races in Italy
Motorsport venues in Italy
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41028197
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Connell%20%28Australian%20politician%29
|
William Connell (Australian politician)
|
William John Connell (21 January 1891 – 14 April 1945) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Launceston. In January 1919 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Wilmot in a recount following Edward Mulcahy's resignation. He was defeated at the state election held in May 1919. Connell died in St Leonards in 1945.
References
1891 births
1945 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
20th-century Australian politicians
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41028216
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thunderfingers%3A%20The%20Best%20of%20John%20Entwistle
|
Thunderfingers: The Best of John Entwistle
|
Thunderfingers: The Best of John Entwistle is a compilation album by John Entwistle, who was the bassist for The Who. The album was released in 1996 by Rhino Records. It was Entwistle's only record to be released by that company.
When Allmusic rated the album they said: "As a solo artist separate from the Who, John Entwistle has never been more than a cult figure. His solo music rocks harder than Pete Townshend's, and, at least initially, what he lacked as a singer he more than makes up for in the sheer weirdness of his lyrics. This 18-song collection may make a few converts, showcasing the best songs from five albums cut between 1971 through 1981."
Track listings
All songs written by John Entwistle except those noted
References
1996 compilation albums
John Entwistle compilation albums
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41028233
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard%20Field%20%28politician%29
|
Richard Field (politician)
|
Richard Charles Field (5 November 1866 – 26 January 1961) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Westbury in Tasmania, the son of Thomas Field. In 1909 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as an Anti-Socialist member for Wilmot. He was defeated in 1912. Field died in Launceston in 1961.
References
1866 births
1961 deaths
Free Trade Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028253
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leslie%20Payne
|
Leslie Payne
|
Lieutenant-Colonel Leslie Herbert Payne (5 November 1888 – 23 December 1942) was an Australian politician and military officer.
He was born in Burnie, the son of Senator Herbert Payne. During the First World War, he served in the Australian Imperial Force. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order in the 1918 New Year Honours.
In 1924, he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Denison in a recount following Robert Snowden's resignation. He was defeated at the 1925 state election. Payne died in Hobart in 1942.
References
1888 births
1942 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian Army officers
Companions of the Distinguished Service Order
20th-century Australian politicians
People from Burnie, Tasmania
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41028267
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallus%20tenuissimus
|
Phallus tenuissimus
|
Phallus tenuissimus is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. Found in Jingdong Yi Autonomous County in Yunnan, China, it was described as new to science in 2005. Its fruit bodies feature a conical to bell-shaped cap up to high by wide, covered by dark greenish-brown gleba (spore mass). The cap is supported by a slender, cylindrical stipe measuring long and 2–4 mm thick. Its spores are cylindrical, and measure 3.3–4 by 1.1–1.4 µm. The authors place it in the section Reticulati of genus Phallus on account of its reticulate cap.
References
Fungi described in 2005
Fungi of Asia
Phallales
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41028268
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eccles%20Snowden
|
Eccles Snowden
|
Sir Robert Eccles Snowden (22 March 1880 – 30 June 1934) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. In 1919 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Nationalist member for Denison. He held the seat until his resignation in 1924. Snowden died in London in 1934.
References
1880 births
1934 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
20th-century Australian politicians
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41028277
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walker%20v%20Syfret%20NO
|
Walker v Syfret NO
|
Walker v Syfret NO 1911 AD 141 is an important case in South African insolvency law.
Facts
When L Co was wound up, JW (the plaintiff's brother) was the holder of debentures for 28,000 pounds, which the company had issued before its liquidation. His claim on the debentures was extinguished, however, on account of a debt of at least 55,000 pounds, which he owed to the company.
Subsequently, JW transferred the debentures to the plaintiff, who was aware that the company was in liquidation and that his brother personally could not recover on the debentures.
The plaintiff sued for an order compelling the liquidator to admit and rank his claim for payment. The plaintiff maintained that, because the debentures were negotiable instruments, his claim, unlike that of his brother, was not subject to set-off.
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Walker v Syfret NO 1911 AD 141
Notes
1911 in South African law
1911 in case law
South African insolvency case law
Appellate Division (South Africa) cases
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41028296
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sifting%20and%20winnowing
|
Sifting and winnowing
|
Sifting and winnowing is a metaphor for the academic pursuit of truth affiliated with the University of Wisconsin–Madison. It was coined by UW President Charles Kendall Adams in an 1894 final report from a committee exonerating economics professor Richard T. Ely of censurable charges from state education superintendent Oliver Elwin Wells. The phrase became a local byword for the tenet of academic freedom.
History
In the 1890s, University of Wisconsin economics professor Richard T. Ely's philosophy and radical practice came under fire from state education superintendent Oliver Elwin Wells. Ely was known to be liberal and pro-union, having published a book on socialism. Wells protested Ely's socialist beliefs, teaching, and public speaking to UW president Charles Kendall Adams and the Board of Regents, who did not censure Ely. A committee appointed to address the charges produced a report that exonerated Ely upon acceptance by the regents. The report introduced the idea of "sifting and winnowing":
Ely later referred to the report as the "Wisconsin Magna Charta" for its guarantees of academic freedom in pursuit of truth. In Decades of Chaos and Revolution, Stephen J. Nelson contends that UW's sentiment on academic freedom had been set "well before" the 1890s. He added that the 1894 statement "sounds the trumpet of the fundamental principles of the academy: an unending, unlimited belief in the creed of academic freedom and inquiry." Ely's hearing was later dramatized in a 1964 television episode of Profiles in Courage, featuring actors Dan O'Herlihy, Edward Asner, and Leonard Nimoy.
The "sifting and winnowing" construction was coined by Adams, the UW president, who had defended Ely publicly and read his book. It was later invoked by UW–Madison Chancellor Robben Wright Fleming when responding to protestors during his tenure.
In a later incident, sociology professor Edward Alsworth Ross was censured upon inviting anarchist Emma Goldman to address his class. He did not share her beliefs, but supported her free speech. In memorial of the incident, the Class of 1910 created a commemorative "sifting and winnowing" plaque of the phrase in its context, which the regents rejected. After the Class appealed to area newspapers, the regents relented. The plaque was installed on Bascom Hall in 1915, where it remains. It was rededicated in 1957.
References
Bibliography
University of Wisconsin–Madison
Academic freedom
Metaphors
English phrases
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41028299
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Hoggins
|
Charles Hoggins
|
Charles Davenport Hoggins (27 May 1862 – 28 April 1923) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. In 1898 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Hobart. He lost his seat in March 1900 but returned in December, serving until April 1903. His last appearance in politics was when he was elected to the multi-member seat of Denison as a Nationalist in 1917 following a recount caused by Walter Woods's resignation. He was defeated in 1919 and died in 1923 in Sorell.
References
1862 births
1923 deaths
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Colony of Tasmania people
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41028311
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seymour%20Mace
|
Seymour Mace
|
Seymour Mace (born 1969) is a British comedian and actor.
Life and career
Mace was born in 1969, and he moved with his family soon afterwards to South Africa as his father worked as a gold miner. The family returned to the UK, to Bedworth, near Coventry.
Mace worked as a clown in the mid-1990s before becoming a stand-up comedian. He was a finalist at the So You Think You're Funny competition at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe in 2001. He has performed several shows at the Fringe, including Marmaduke Spatula's Fuckin' Spectacular Cabaret of Sunshine Show in 2013.
Mace played Steve (and his twin Craig) in the BBC sitcom Ideal between 2005-2010. In 2009, he starred in the horror comedy Zombie Women of Satan. He appeared in the second series of Hebburn as music producer Eric.
In 2010, he appeared on Dave's One Night Stand
Mace also appears in the offbeat comedy film What Happened After Macbeth, which will be released in 2014.
Mace hosted the monthly Giggle Beats Comedy Pub Quiz in Newcastle upon Tyne.
He took part in the 'Laughing for a Change' project in 2014, which aimed to raise awareness of mental health through a comedy tour, also featuring Mrs Barbara Nice and Rob Deering. The project was supported by Time to Change.
In 2015 Mace was nominated for an Edinburgh Comedy Award, for his show Seymour Mace is Niche as F**k!
References
External links
Page on Chortle including tour dates
1969 births
British stand-up comedians
Living people
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41028317
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Burgess%20%28politician%29
|
William Burgess (politician)
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William Henry Burgess (21 May 1847 – 1 May 1917) was an Australian politician and businessman. Burgess was born in Hobart and was educated at the High School, Hobart, and at Horton College, Ross.
He began his career as a grocer but believing the administration needed improvement he stood as a City of Hobart alderman in 1876, winning the election. He became Mayor of Hobart in 1879 and in 1881 he stood for parliament, being elected House of Assembly member for West Hobart. He became Treasurer of Tasmania from 1884 to March 1887 under Premier Adye Douglas and James Agnew. Burgess, who was the recognised Leader of the Opposition to the Philip Fysh Ministry, was a captain unattached in the Tasmanian Defence Force. He was one of the Tasmanian delegates to the Federation Convention held at Sydney in 1891. In August 1891, owing to the stoppage of the Bank of Van Diemen's Land, with the management of which he was identified, Burgess resigned his seat in the Executive Council and in Parliament and his position as Leader of the Opposition.
In July 1909, Burgess chaired the meeting in Launceston that created the Tasmanian Liberal League, the state's first enduring anti-socialist organisation.
In 1916 Burgess made a return to Tasmanian politics, winning election to the multi-member seat of Denison as a Liberal; however, he died the following year in Hobart.
References
1847 births
1917 deaths
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Treasurers of Tasmania
Leaders of the Opposition in Tasmania
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41028335
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vincent%20Barker
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Vincent Barker
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Vincent William Oswald Barker (31 July 1876 – 2 December 1937) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Rosegarland in Tasmania. In 1912 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Labor member for Denison, serving until his retirement in 1916. Barker died in Hobart in 1937.
References
1876 births
1937 deaths
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028360
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phallus%20maderensis
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Phallus maderensis
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Phallus maderensis is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. Found in Madeira island, it was described as new to science in 2005.
References
External links
Phallales
Biota of Madeira
Fungi of Europe
Fungi described in 2008
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41028370
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis%20Valentine
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Francis Valentine
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Francis David Valentine (24 August 1863 – 22 May 1941) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. In 1912 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Denison. He was defeated in 1913. Valentine died in Hobart in 1941.
References
1863 births
1941 deaths
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Politicians from Hobart
Colony of Tasmania people
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41028384
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Rattle
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Frederick Rattle
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Frederick Bowden Rattle (13 August 1869 – 13 August 1950) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart and was an accountant and solicitor before entering politics. In 1903 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Glenorchy. With the introduction of proportional representation in 1909 he successfully ran for the new seat of Denison as an Anti-Socialist. He left the House in 1912 and died in Hobart in 1950.
References
1869 births
1950 deaths
Free Trade Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Colony of Tasmania people
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41028393
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller%20v%20Janks
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Miller v Janks
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In Miller v Janks, an important case in South African insolvency law, the court held that an insolvent possesses an estate capable of being sequestrated even though, at the time of sequestration, his estate consists only of liabilities.
Facts
Miller had acquired an estate by means of his occupation as a professional gambler. His assets had subsequently disappeared under suspicious circumstances, leaving only liabilities. Miller's wife possessed fixed property, which she had received while Miller was pursuing his occupation.
In an application by Janks to sequestrate Miller's estate, Miller contended that sequestration was not competent because he had no assets and, therefore, no estate.
Law
In Ex parte Collins, the judge had held that an estate consists both of assets and of liabilities. If there were no assets but only liabilities, there could be no estate (and vice versa). Were this proposition correct, no order of compulsory sequestration could be granted where the debtor, immediately prior to the application for sequestration, had got rid of all his assets by a series of depositions.
Judgment
The court granted an order sequestrating Miller's estate. It rejected Miller's argument that, because he no longer had any assets, he had ceased to have an estate and that therefore sequestration was not possible.
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Miller v Janks 1944 TPD 127.
Notes
1944 in South African law
1944 in case law
South African insolvency case law
Transvaal Provincial Division cases
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41028398
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rory%20Uphold
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Rory Uphold
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Rory Uphold is a Canadian-American singer-songwriter and actress. Her music was played in two movies and in the comedy series "Merri Me."
Career
Uphold began performing at the age of three. She has had her tracks in two movies The Anniversary at Shallow Creek and The Victim and the web comedy series Merri Me. She has teamed up with other artists, including rapper E-40 and pop artist Colby O'Donis.
In 2008, Uphold toured California schools to promote the importance of education. She has also performed at the Six Flags Summer Jam Tour, the Levitt Pavilion Summer Concert Series, and the Queen Mary Independence Day concert with singer Ray J.
Uphold wrote and directed a short film called Safety, starring Ben York Jones.
Uphold stars as the lead actress in the 2017 feature film, Bodied, which premiered at the 2017 Toronto International Film Festival alongside Calum Worthy.
See also
Ben York Jones
References
External links
Living people
American women pop singers
American women singer-songwriters
Place of birth missing (living people)
Year of birth missing (living people)
American male singer-songwriters
21st-century American women
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41028403
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1997%20CAF%20Super%20Cup
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1997 CAF Super Cup
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The 1997 CAF Super Cup was the fifth CAF Super Cup, an annual football match in Africa organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF), between the winners of the previous season's two CAF club competitions, the African Cup of Champions Clubs and the African Cup Winners' Cup.
The match took place on 14 February 1997, at Cairo International Stadium in Cairo, Egypt, between Egyptian clubs Zamalek, the 1996 African Cup of Champions Clubs winner, and Al Mokawloon Al Arab, the 1996 African Cup Winners' Cup winner. In the Second all-Egyptian CAF Super Cup, and the second time two clubs from the same country participate the same match in CAF Super Cup (after 1994).
Zamalek won the trophy after beating Al Mokawloon Al Arab 4–2 in the penalty shoot-out, with the game ending 0–0.
Teams
Match details
References
http://www.angelfire.com/ak/EgyptianSports/ZamalekInAfrSuper.html#1997
http://www.footballdatabase.eu/football.coupe.zamalek.moqaouloun-el-arab.107286.en.html
1997
Super
1997–98 in Egyptian football
CAF Super Cup
CAF Super Cup
Association football penalty shoot-outs
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41028407
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%93scar%20Granados
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Óscar Granados
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Óscar Esteban Granados Maroto (; born 25 October 1985) is a Costa Rican footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Herediano.
Club career
Granados started his career at local side Cartaginés where he would stay for 7 years. In June 2011 he joined newly promoted Orión, but left them 6 months later for Herediano.
International career
Granados made his debut for Costa Rica in a January 2009 UNCAF Nations Cup match against Panama and has, as of May 2014, earned a total of 12 caps, scoring no goals. He represented his country in 2014 FIFA World Cup qualification matches and was a member of Costa Rican squad for 2014 FIFA World Cup where he was yellow-carded while on the sub's bench in the game against Greece. He played at the 2009 UNCAF Nations Cup as well as at the 2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
Personal life
Hailing from Quircot de Cartago, he is a son of Elí Granados and Martiza Maroto and is married to Fiorella Alvarado. His elder brother Michael played professional football with second division side Municipal Osa.
References
External links
Player profile - Herediano
1985 births
Living people
People from Cartago Province
Men's association football midfielders
Costa Rican men's footballers
Costa Rica men's international footballers
2009 CONCACAF Gold Cup players
2014 FIFA World Cup players
Copa América Centenario players
C.S. Cartaginés players
C.S. Herediano footballers
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41028409
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o%20G%C3%B3is
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João Góis
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João Duarte Teixeira Góis (born 5 May 1990 in Camacha, Madeira) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as a right-back for F.C. Felgueiras 1932.
References
External links
Portuguese League profile
1990 births
Living people
Portuguese men's footballers
Madeiran footballers
Men's association football defenders
Primeira Liga players
Liga Portugal 2 players
Segunda Divisão players
C.F. União players
Sertanense F.C. players
G.D. Chaves players
F.C. Paços de Ferreira players
G.D. Estoril Praia players
F.C. Felgueiras 1932 players
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41028412
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1rio%20Mendon%C3%A7a
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Mário Mendonça
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Mário Albino Meira Mendonça (born 18 August 1991) is a Portuguese footballer who plays for Vitória de Setúbal as a forward.
Football career
On 14 August 2013, Mendonça made his professional debut with Chaves in a 2013–14 Taça da Liga match against Oliveirense, when he replaced Arnold (80th minute).
References
External links
Stats and profile at LPFP
1991 births
People from Esposende
Footballers from Braga District
Living people
Portuguese men's footballers
Men's association football forwards
A.D. Esposende players
G.D. Chaves players
Juventude de Pedras Salgadas players
U.D. Oliveirense players
F.C. Vizela players
C.D. Fátima players
Merelinense F.C. players
GS Loures players
S.C. Beira-Mar players
S.C.U. Torreense players
Vitória F.C. players
Segunda Divisão players
Campeonato de Portugal (league) players
Liga Portugal 2 players
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41028416
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edward%20Crowther%20%28politician%29
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Edward Crowther (politician)
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Edward Lodewyk Crowther (3 October 1843 – 9 August 1931) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. His father, William Crowther, was Premier of Tasmania from 1878 to 1879. In 1878 Edward Crowther was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Queenborough. He was one of two members for Kingborough from 1886 to 1897 when the seat of Queenborough was incorporated into it; Queenborough was restored in 1897 and Crowther remained its member. With the introduction of proportional representation in 1909 he was elected to the seat of Denison as an Anti-Socialist. He retired in 1912 and died in 1931 in Oyster Cove.
References
1843 births
1931 deaths
Free Trade Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028430
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnum%20Financial%20Holdings%20v%20Summerly
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Magnum Financial Holdings v Summerly
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In Magnum Financial Holdings (Pty) Ltd (in liquidation) v Summerly, an important case in South African insolvency law, the question to be decided was whether the trust before the court was susceptible of sequestration. This depended on whether it was a “debtor” as defined in section 2 of the Act.
The court held that, because the trust could, through its trustees, acquire property and incur liabilities, and because it was not a body corporate as contemplated by section 2, it fell within the meaning of the term “debtor” in that section.
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Magnum Financial Holdings (Pty) Ltd (in liquidation) v Summerly 1984 1 SA 160 (W).
Notes
1984 in South African law
1984 in case law
South African insolvency case law
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41028431
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheryl%20Carter
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Cheryl Carter
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Cheryl Carter may refer to:
Cheryl Carter, defendant in R v Coulson, Brooks and others
Cheryl Carter (Miss New Jersey), American beauty pageant winner; Miss New Jersey 1969
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41028456
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellowtail%20tubelip
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Yellowtail tubelip
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The yellowtail tubelip (Yellowtail Tubelip wrasse or Diproctacanthus xanthurus), is a species of wrasse native to coral reefs of the western central Pacific Ocean near Palau, Indonesia, Great barrier reef, Philippines and New Guinea at depths from . The juveniles act as cleaner fish, while the adults primarily prey on coral polyps. The D. xanthurus species grows to a total length of . It can be found in the aquarium trade. This species is the only known member of its genus. Other common names for the yellowtail tubelip are cleaner wrasse, Wandering cleaner wrasse, yellowtail wrasse, lulukdayan etc.
Description
The yellowtail tubelip has a clear white and dark brown striped body with a total of 9 dorsal fines, 9 to 10 Doral soft rays, 2 anal spines, 9-11 anal soft spines and 25 vertebrae.
References
External links
Labridae
Fish described in 1856
Taxa named by Pieter Bleeker
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41028467
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alexander%20Hean
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Alexander Hean
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Alexander Hean (11 June 1859 – 11 January 1927) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.
He was born in Lochee in Scotland. In 1903 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Sorell. When proportional representation was introduced in 1909 he was elected as one of the Anti-Socialist members for Franklin. Becoming a Liberal, he was re-elected in 1912 but lost his seat in 1913. In 1916 he returned to the House and the following year became a Nationalist. He held the seat until his retirement in 1925. Hean died in Sorell in 1927.
References
1859 births
1927 deaths
Free Trade Party politicians
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Companions of the Order of St Michael and St George
Politicians from Dundee
Scottish emigrants to colonial Australia
People from Lochee
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41028471
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confederate%20Memorial%20%28Arlington%20National%20Cemetery%29
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Confederate Memorial (Arlington National Cemetery)
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The Confederate Memorial is a memorial in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia, in the United States, that commemorates members of the armed forces of the Confederate States of America who died during the American Civil War. Authorized in March 1906, former Confederate soldier and sculptor Moses Jacob Ezekiel was commissioned by the United Daughters of the Confederacy in November 1910 to design the memorial. It was unveiled by President Woodrow Wilson on June 4, 1914, the 106th anniversary of the birth of Jefferson Davis, the President of the Confederate States of America.
The memorial grounds have changed slightly due to burials and alterations since 1914. Some major changes to the memorial were proposed over the years, but none has been implemented. Since the memorial's unveiling, most United States presidents have sent a funeral wreath to be laid at the memorial every Memorial Day. Some presidents have declined to do so, and the tradition is controversial.
In 2022, The Naming Commission recommended that the Confederate Memorial be removed. Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin agreed to implement the suggestion, and Arlington National Cemetery is in the process of removing and relocating the Confederate Memorial by January 1, 2024 at the latest. The memorial's granite base will remain to avoid disturbing nearby graves.
Creating a Confederate space at Arlington
Arlington National Cemetery was established in June 1864 as a cemetery for Union Civil War dead. The first military burial at Arlington (a white soldier, William Henry Christman) was made on May 13, 1864, close to what is now the northeast gate in Section 27. However, formal authorization for burials was not given by Major General Montgomery C. Meigs (Quartermaster General of the United States Army) until June 15, 1864.
Confederate military personnel were among those initially buried at Arlington. Some were prisoners of war who died while in custody or who were executed as spies by the Union, but some were battlefield dead. For example, in 1865, General Meigs decided to build a monument to Civil War dead in a grove of trees near the flower garden south of the Robert E. Lee mansion at Arlington. The bodies of 2,111 Union and Confederate dead within a radius of the city of Washington, D.C., were collected. Some of the dead had been interred on the battlefield, but most were full or partial remains discovered unburied where they died in combat. None were identifiable. Although Meigs had not intended to collect the remains of Confederate war dead, the inability to identify remains meant that both Union and Confederate dead were interred below the cenotaph he built. The vault was sealed in September 1866. Other Confederate battlefield dead were also buried at Arlington, and by the end of the war in April 1865 several hundred of the more than 16,000 graves at Arlington contained Confederate dead.
The federal government did not permit the decoration of Confederate graves at the cemetery, however. As Quartermaster General, Meigs had charge of the Arlington cemetery (he did not retire until February 6, 1882), and he refused to give families of Confederates buried there permission to lay flowers on their loved ones' graves. In 1868, when families asked to lay flowers on Confederate graves on Decoration Day (now known as Memorial Day), Meigs ordered that the families be barred from the cemetery. Union veterans' organizations such as the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR; whose membership was open only to Union soldiers) also felt that rebel graves should not be decorated. In 1869, GAR members stood watch over Confederate graves at Arlington National Cemetery to ensure they were not visibly honored on Decoration Day. Cemetery officials also refused to allow the erection of any monument to Confederate dead and declined to permit new Confederate burials (either by reburial or following the death of veterans).
The 1898 McKinley speech
The federal government's policy toward Confederate graves at Arlington National Cemetery changed at the end of the 19th century.
The 10-week Spanish–American War of 1898 marked the first time since prior to the Civil War that Americans from all states, North and South, were involved a military conflict with a foreign power. After the Spanish–American War ended in August, a series of celebrations ("peace jubilees") were held in major cities in the United States from October through December. However, many Southerners were lukewarm in their support for the war and for President William McKinley's territorial expansion in Cuba and the Philippines, and it was not clear that the Treaty of Paris (the agreement ending the Spanish–American War) would win the approval of the United States Senate.
President McKinley made a trip across the Deep South by train in December 1898 to promote Senate ratification of the Treaty of Paris and racial harmony. McKinley saw untended Confederate graves in Fredericksburg, Virginia, during his campaign for the presidency in 1896, and the sight bothered him. In his speech at the Atlanta Peace Jubilee on December 14, 1898, McKinley not only celebrated the end of sectionalism but also announced that the federal government would now begin tending Confederate graves since these dead represented "a tribute to American valor". The speech impressed many Southerners, who saw it as a grand gesture of reconciliation and a symbol of national unification.
The Confederate section at Arlington
The McKinley speech encouraged Dr. Samuel E. Lewis to seek additional improvements to the care and treatment of Confederate graves. Lewis, a former Confederate States Army (CSA) surgeon who then practiced medicine in Washington, D.C., was the leader ("commander") of the Charles Broadway Rouss Camp No. 1191 of the United Confederate Veterans (UCV), a veterans organization for those who fought for the Confederacy. Lewis had inventoried all Confederate graves at Arlington National Cemetery in early fall 1898 as part of the local group's historic documentation efforts. He discovered 136 identifiable Confederate graves, far more than the six or seven cemetery officials assumed existed. The graves were scattered all over the existing burial grounds, and the headstones were similar to those of civilian employees and African American "contrabands" (runaway slaves). The similarity to the headstones of black people especially angered Lewis. In early 1899, his group discovered another 189 graves in the Soldiers' Home National Cemetery in the District of Columbia.
On June 5, 1899, Lewis and other Confederate veterans sent a petition to President McKinley asking that the Confederate dead at Arlington be disinterred and reburied in a "Confederate section". McKinley approved of the idea. Former Confederate Brigadier General Marcus Joseph Wright (by 1898 an agent of the War Department collecting Confederate war records) drafted legislation to approve the reinterments, and Senator Joseph Roswell Hawley (a former brevet major general of volunteers for the Union) introduced it in Congress. Congress approved the bill in 1900 and authorized $2,500 for the plan, which specified that the reburials occur near the field where Spanish–American War dead had recently been interred. McKinley signed the bill into law on June 6, 1900. A list of the dead at both Arlington and the Soldiers' Home was published so that families who wished to do so might remove their loved ones' remains from Arlington and reinter them closer to home.
Opposition to the section
After June 1900, however, several women's groups—among them the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) and the Ladies of the Hollywood Memorial Association—opposed allowing any Confederate dead to remain at Arlington. The reasons for this resistance were complex and varied. Most of the women's societies argued that Confederate dead should lie in Southern soil, Confederate families should not rely on Union "charity" (e.g., free grave space at Arlington), the GAR would desecrate the graves, and Confederate soldiers should rest among their comrades in Southern cemeteries. Some of the women's societies also saw reburial of Confederate dead in the South as a way of maintaining their relevance and recruiting new members, while others wanted reburial in the South so they could erect pro-Confederate monuments over the graves. Some groups perceived the offer of a Confederate section at Arlington as a sign of Southern accommodationism with the United States. Competition between different women's societies also played a role. For example, the Confederate Southern Memorial Association (CSMA) also opposed the creation of a Confederate section at Arlington. The CSMA was formed in 1900 as an umbrella group for the ladies' memorial associations, which were rapidly losing members. The CSMA feared being absorbed by the UDC, which had formed in 1894 both as a commemorative body and as a benevolent society for Confederate women and patriotic goals. The CSMA sought a way to differentiate itself from the larger body, and so advocated reburial, too—but not in Richmond (as the UDC did) but in local towns and cities throughout the South.
To overcome this opposition, Lewis tried to identify support for a "Confederate section" as well as convince the administration to proceed. He secured the endorsement of a Confederate section by a number of former high-ranking Confederate officers. He also polled other chapters of the United Confederate Veterans and found they approved of the legislation as well. Lewis and his supporters argued that only the federal government had the financial resources to adequately maintain the large number of Confederate graves found at Arlington and the Soldiers' Home, and that failing to spend the $2,500 appropriation would discourage Congress from protecting Confederate graves in the future. Critically, Lewis won the support of Hilary A. Herbert, an Alabamian and former colonel in the 8th Regiment Alabama Infantry who served in the United States House of Representatives from 1877 to 1893 and as Secretary of the Navy under President Grover Cleveland. Herbert argued that leaving the Confederate graves at Arlington made a greater impression on the public than isolating them in the pro-Confederate South.
Lewis' efforts convinced most members of Congress and relevant administration officials that the women's groups represented only a small minority of Southerners. He did so in part by winning the support of other key Southern groups. First he won over his own organization, the United Confederate Veterans, which in March 1901 unanimously passed resolutions asking the government to proceed with creation of the Confederate section. He also won the support of the Ladies Southern Relief Society, an important Confederate women's group in Washington, D.C. Lewis also won over Congress and the administration by undermining the UDC and CSMA's opposition to the reburial plan. Once more working through his own veterans' group, the UCV convinced a number of government officials that the CSMA was too new (just a year old) to accurately represent Southern views. Lewis dampened the outcry by the CSMA and other ladies' memorial associations by convincing them that their importance in the South would be maintained. Lewis realized that these groups continued to thrive in part because they set the dates for and organized Civil War commemorations. Lewis convinced the CSMA and many Southern women's groups that they would be able to do so at Arlington as well, which would enhance their prestige. These tactics worked: In the late spring of 1901, a delegation from several Confederate veterans' groups visited Secretary of War Elihu Root and convinced him to proceed with the reburials at Arlington.
Process of reburial
After the process of informing families ended, reburials began in April 1901 and were completed the following October. It is unclear how many Confederate dead were disinterred and reburied in the new Confederate section. In 1912, the House Committee on Appropriations observed that legal authority existed for interment of 264 Confederate soldiers—128 of which came from the Soldiers' Home National Cemetery and 136 of which came from Arlington National Cemetery. More modern sources provide different numbers, however. One historian says just 128 bodies were reinterred, although the majority of sources say 264 or 267 bodies were reburied. Other sources pin the number of reinterments at 265, 409, 482, and 500 bodies. Discrepancies may be attributable to a law, the Act of August 24, 1912 (37 Stat. 440), which permitted any Confederate veteran living in or near Washington, D.C., to be buried in the Confederate section at Arlington.
The Confederate dead were reburied on of ground on the west side of Arlington National Cemetery. The graves were laid out in a pattern of concentric circles, rather than straight rows as elsewhere at Arlington, to emphasize the South's attempt to find its place in the new united country. Landscaping of the area was completed in the spring of 1903.
The 1899 legislation required the federal government to provide a standard issue tombstone for the new Confederate graves. These headstones were tall, wide, and thick. They were made of granite or marble, as the others in the cemetery were. The tops of these markers were pointed, to make the Confederate graves stand out from Union ones (not, as legend would have it, so that Northerners would not sit on them and desecrate them). Each marker was inscribed with a number, the name of the deceased, the regiment in which the individual served, and the inscription "C.S.A."
The first Confederate Memorial Day observances in the Confederate section were held on June 7, 1903. These were informal ceremonies, however, and the first formal program did not occur until June 5, 1904.
Building a memorial
War Department officials laid out the circular pattern of the graves in the Confederate section. The circular area contained a cruciform set of walkways whose north-south axis was parallel to the road that is now McPherson Drive. At the intersection of the walkways was a grassy area surrounded by a circular path. Although the 1900 reburial legislation did not mention a memorial, on its maps the Army Corps of Engineers marked this central grassy area with an "M"—indicating that it was reserved for a memorial. This did not go unnoticed by Confederate groups, several of which began independently discussing the construction of a memorial as soon as it became clear that the Army would allow one to be built in the Confederate section.
One of the groups which sought to build a memorial was the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC). Mrs. Mary Taliaferro Thompson of Stonewall Jackson Chapter No. 20 (located in Washington, D.C.) asked the War Department in 1902 for permission to construct a memorial in the Confederate section. Her request was not granted. She asked again in 1903 and 1905, but was turned down each time. Nonetheless, various UDC chapters, convinced they would eventually be successful, began raising money for a memorial. In 1904, Robert E. Lee Chapter No. 644, UDC (also located in Washington, D.C.) began raising money for a monument. It had about $111 ($ in dollars) by the end of February 1904, and later raised $1,000 ($ in dollars). Stonewall Jackson Chapter No. 20 also raised $1,000.
Mrs. Thompson tried again to win approval for a monument in 1906. This time she was successful, in large part because she worked closely with Representative John Sharp Williams (D-Mississippi), the influential House Minority Leader. On March 4, 1906, Secretary of War William Howard Taft gave the UDC permission to erect a memorial in the center of the Confederate section at Arlington. Taft's letter, however, reserved to the War Department the right to approve the monument's design and inscriptions. On March 13, 1906, Mrs. Lizzie George Henderson, President-General of the UDC, accepted Taft's terms.
Taft's letter was made public by Rep. Williams at Confederate Memorial Day ceremonies at Arlington National Cemetery on June 4, 1906. Williams called for a monument to be built, and suggested an inscription (which was not used). He then donated the first $50 toward the memorial's construction.
Forming the ACMA
The Arlington Confederate Memorial Association (ACMA) was founded in 1906, although sources differ as to the exact date. On June 7, 1906, John M. Hickey of Camp No. 171, United Confederate Veterans, submitted a resolution to his local chapter authorizing the establishment of a committee on "ways and means" to erect the memorial. According to Hilary A. Herbert, the resolution in its final form established the ACMA. But historian Karen Cox puts the organization's founding at a meeting organized by Thompson and sponsored by the UDC on November 6, 1906. Local news media, however, reported that the founding occurred on December 28, 1906, when Confederate organizations in Washington, D.C., met under the auspices of Camp 171. Even the list of founding directors is not agreed upon. Herbert says the board consisted of himself as well as Hickey, J.T. Callaghan, James McDowell Carrington, F.M. Hare, the Reverend Doctor Randolph H. McKim, and Judge Seth Shepard. The Washington Post, however, did not list Callaghan, Carrington, or Hare and instead included former Brigadier General Frank Crawford Armstrong (CSA), former Missouri Senator Francis M. Cockrell, and former West Virginia Senator Charles J. Faulkner.
It quickly became apparent, however, that the scope of work under discussion by the ACMA would overwhelm the small board of directors. Herbert records that the ACMA submitted a petition in November 1906 asking the UDC to support the ACMA organizationally and financially. This resolution was approved by the UDC. But still the work overwhelmed the ACMA. By mid-1907, it was clear that the UDC would have to completely take over the memorial's fund-raising, design, and construction. On June 19, 1907, Mrs. Lizzie George Henderson, President-General of the UDC, asked the ACMA to delegate its functions to the UDC, with the UDC and Sons of Confederate Veterans (SCV) retaining certain powers to themselves. The ACMA quickly agreed.
The UDC asked Cornelia Branch Stone (a member of Veuve Jefferson Davis Chapter No. 17 in Galveston, Texas, and chair of the UDC committee which awarded the organization's Southern Cross of Honor) to meet with representatives from the ACMA's founding organizations and reorganize the association. The first meeting occurred on December 12, 1907, but no agreement was reached. (Stone noted that Charles Broadway Rouse Camp No. 1191 declined to participate.) A second meeting on December 21 led to the ACMA's agreement to re-establish itself as a constituent body of the UDC.
A committee was appointed by the UDC to revise the ACMA's articles of incorporation. Under the new articles, the President-General of the UDC became the ex officio President of the ACMA. The board of directors consisted of a representative from each state in which the UDC had a chapter, with this individual to be appointed by the President-General of the UDC in consultation with the UDC state division president. An Executive Committee was also created. Its membership consisted of representatives from UCV Camp No. 171 and Camp No. 1191; one representative from Camp No. 172 of the SCV; and three representatives to be appointed by the five UDC chapters in the District of Columbia. The executive committee was empowered to appoint (with concurrence of the president) a nine-member Advisory Board, which was chaired by the association's treasurer.
The association's new officers consisted of a president, first and second vice presidents, corresponding and recording secretaries, and a treasurer. An Executive Board oversaw the organization between meetings of the board of directors. The executive board consisted of the first vice president (who served as chairman), treasurer, recording secretary, and corresponding secretary. A representative chosen from the board of directors served as its vice-chairman, and five other members of the board of directors served as members of the executive board.
The ACMA's first president was Cornelia Branch Stone, who served from 1907 to 1909.
For its part, the UDC supervised the work of the ACMA through a committee composed of eight delegates from each of the five chapters of the UDC then extant in the District of Columbia. The ex officio chairman of the committee was the President of the Division of the District of Columbia. An advisory committee was also established, which consisted of four members from UCV Camp No. 171, four members from UCV Charles Broadway Rouss Camp No. 1191, and four members from each chapter of the Sons of Confederate Veterans in the District of Columbia. These two committees were established to oversee the work of the ACMA. But, in fact, the UDC agreed to accept the work of the ACMA "without conditions"—which meant the UDC had no real control over the memorial.
Fund-raising
During the period between the ACMA's formation and its reconstitution, the UDC contributed $500 ($ in dollars). The Washington Post reported that the ACMA had $3,000 to $4,000 ($ to $ in dollars) on hand in December 1906, with a goal of raising $25,000 ($ in dollars). Furthermore, the UDC agreed to donate $1,500 ($ in dollars) annually beginning in 1907 until the memorial was finished.
Fund-raising occurred rapidly during Stone's tenure as president, but there are conflicting accounts of just how much money was raised over the next several years. In July 1907, the press reported that multi-millionaire stockbroker Thomas Fortune Ryan donated $10,000 ($ in dollars) to the Confederate monument fund. But according to Hilary A. Herbert, the ACMA's First Vice President and the chief executive officer of the association, the ACMA had raised just $3,460 ($ in dollars) by November 1907. To boost fund-raising, the ACMA sought and won the endorsement of several prominent individuals. Former CSA Lieutenant General Stephen D. Lee strongly endorsed the memorial project in September 1907 and asked all UCV camps to contribute to the fund-raising drive. In February 1908, President Theodore Roosevelt also endorsed the project in very strong terms. By November 1908, the ACMA reported $8,230 ($ in dollars) in funds raised. This sum increased to just under $13,000 ($ in dollars) in 1909, and to just under $20,000 ($ in dollars) in 1910.
In 1910, the UDC sold Christmas Seals to raise money for the memorial. Mrs. Edgar James, UDC member from Florence, Alabama, designed the seals, of which several million were printed. The goal was to raise the remaining $35,000 needed for the memorial, although it is unclear how many Christmas Seals were purchased. By the estimate of the UDC Christmas Seals Committee, $247 ($ in dollars) was raised in 1910 and $230 ($ in dollars) in 1911, whereas just over $700 ($ in dollars) was raised in 1912. In 1916, in an unofficial UDC treasurer's report printed in the magazine Confederate Veteran, the association reported a total of $1,874 ($ in dollars) in total from Christmas Seals sales.
Designing the memorial
Choosing an artist
Stone stepped down as both UDC and ACMA President in October 1909. One of her last acts was to propose the appointment of a memorial design committee. She suggested creating a seven-member committee and offered for the delegates' consideration the names for six people who might serve on the committee. She asked the UDC convention to ratify her choice as well as pick a seventh member to act as chair. The convention approved her resolution, and selected Stone as the seventh member. Sources vary as to who was on the design committee. According to Herbert, the six members included Mrs. Marion Butler, Hilary A. Herbert, Mrs. Thomas W. Keith, the Rev. Dr. McKim, Judge Seth Shepard, and Wallace Streater. Cornelia Branch Stone provides almost the same list, but omits Herbert and includes Mrs. Virginia Faulkner McSherry.
The process for selecting an artist to design the memorial was somewhat convoluted. Many artists made inquiries with the UDC about designing the memorial in 1909, and some submitted proposals, but the ACMA declined to consider any design because it was still raising funds. The design committee first met on May 16, 1910. Rev. McKim made the motion that the memorial should depict an event in which General Robert E. Lee attempted to ride into the Battle of the Wilderness to rally his troops. Lee was stopped by a private who seized the bridle of Lee's horse and prevented him from going, declaring that the troops would rally themselves. His motion was accepted. Herbert submitted the proposed design to an undisclosed artist to have a model developed and to get an aesthetic opinion about McKim's idea.
Several criticisms were made of the proposal, and at the design committee's next meeting on October 31, 1910, McKim withdrew his suggestion. McKim then proposed that an artist of national renown be selected to propose a design. Hilary Herbert recommended Moses Ezekiel, a Confederate Army veteran and well-known artist who was already one of the top sculptors of Confederate images in the United States.
The UDC was worried that Ezekiel would turn them down. For one, he was rumored to be highly temperamental. For another, he had lost several competitions for federal Civil War monuments (including the prominent Admiral David G. Farragut memorial in Washington, D.C.), and Ezekiel was on public record against art competitions. To placate him, the UDC design committee agreed ahead of time to give Ezekiel complete artistic authority in designing the memorial.
Meetings with Moses Ezekiel
Ezekiel had already heard about the planned Confederate Memorial long before being contacted by the design committee, and had already conceived a design. Ezekiel lived in Italy, but had returned to the United States on May 24, 1910, for the dedication of his life-size bronze statue of Thomas Jefferson outside the Rotunda at the University of Virginia. He visited President William Howard Taft at the White House before traveling to the university, and it was while waiting to see Taft that the idea for the Confederate Memorial came to him.
Herbert and the author Thomas Nelson Page (a friend of Ezekiel's) visited with the sculptor in Washington, D.C., on November 5, 1910. Ezekiel expressed his intense desire to obtain the commission. Herbert, Page, and Ezekiel then visited the Confederate section at Arlington National Cemetery and discussed the size and placement of the memorial. Ezekiel sketched out his idea on a piece of paper for the two men. He also made it clear that he would work in Italy, and would not accept any design input from the ACMA. The following day, the design committee held an emergency meeting. Dr. McKim could not attend, but advised the committee that he approved of Ezekiel's selection. Mrs. Keith also could not attend, but offered no proxy. At the emergency meeting, Ezekiel outlined his proposal for the memorial: a heroic female figure symbolic of the South with a wreath in one hand and the other resting on a plow, standing atop a circular base around which figures representing the sacrifices of the South were grouped.
The design committee was deeply impressed with Ezekiel's proposal and offered the commission to him. On November 7, Ezekiel signed a contract to design and manufacture the memorial. The finished memorial was to be delivered by November 1913 at a cost of $10,000 ($ in dollars). Art historian Timothy Sedore says Ezekiel accepted the commission only because he had final control over the design. Hilary Herbert also agrees that Ezekiel was given a free hand. UDC historian Karen L. Cox, however, says that the ACMA design committee worked with Ezekiel to ensure that the memorial adhered to the theme of "peace for the living and honor to the dead".
Working out the design
The UDC convention opened in Little Rock, Arkansas, just three days after the contract with Ezekiel was signed. Excited by the news that Moses Ezekiel had won the design commission, convention attendees voted to increase the cost of the memorial by $15,000 ($ in dollars) to $50,000 ($ in dollars) to make it larger and grander. Of this amount, $10,000 ($) was set aside for shipping the memorial to the United States from Italy and for its erection at Arlington National Cemetery.
Upon learning of the funding increase, Ezekiel immediately made a new, larger model. He increased the number of figures around the lower portion of the base to 32 from 15, and changed the base from granite to bronze.
Ezekiel felt that the monument was the most important commission he ever worked on, and he refused all other work so that he could devote all his time to it. He also discouraged visitors from coming to his Rome studio so that there would be little public discussion of his design. Nonetheless, some changes were made in response to comments made by visitors to his workshop. For example, Ezekiel originally intended for the shield against which the fallen woman leans to be inscribed with the words "free trade" and "state's rights". He changed the words to "Constitution" after a visit to his studio by a friend.
In time, the ACMA design committee began asking Ezekiel for design details, clearly with a mind toward reviewing his work. He declined to give them. But with work on his design nearly complete in late 1911, Ezekiel began sending occasional photographs of his work to the ACMA design committee. He asked, however, that these be kept private to reduce interference with his work. A two-thirds size model was finished in early 1912.
Fund-raising to cover enlarged design
Additional fundraising occurred after 1910 to raise the money to cover the additional cost. A number of small donations came from Union soldiers, with the 23rd New Jersey Regiment contributing $100 ($). Ezekiel agreed to donate his services as sculptor, so that all the money set aside for the memorial could go toward the purchase of raw bronze and for the memorial's casting. By February 1912, $24,000 ($) still needed to be raised. Over the next four months, an additional $4,000 ($) came in.
As casting on the memorial neared completion in November 1913, the ACMA announced that it had raised $50,443 ($ in dollars), of which $3,517 ($ in dollars) went to construction of the concrete foundation, fund-raising, and expenses associated with the cornerstone-laying ceremony. Just over $12,700 ($ in dollars) had been raised in 1913 alone. As of November 1914, a total of $56,262 ($ in dollars) had been raised for the memorial.
Building the memorial
Laying the cornerstone
Work on the memorial proceeded on schedule. In June 1912, the ACMA announced that it was planning a dedication to occur 12 months later, just before the Blue-and-Gray reunion at Gettysburg Battlefield in Pennsylvania.
The ACMA set Tuesday, November 12, 1912, at 2:00 pm as the date and time for laying the cornerstone for the memorial. The date coincided with the first day of the UDC's annual convention, which that year was to be held in Washington, D.C. The UDC claimed it was the first time the convention had been held outside the boundary of the old Confederacy (although that was not true, as the convention was held in San Francisco, California, in 1905.) The organization invited President William Howard Taft to speak to the convention, and he agreed to do so in mid-October.
As the date for the cornerstone-laying ceremony approached, more than 10,000 people were expected to attend the event. Plans for the cornerstone ceremony appeared to be disrupted when the 1912 presidential election was held just a week before the event and Taft lost the election to Woodrow Wilson. It was widely expected that Taft would cancel his speech, but Taft reaffirmed his commitment to speak at the cornerstone-laying event. It was considered an important speech, since it was his first speaking engagement since losing the election.
The cornerstone laying occurred as scheduled on November 12. The turnout of about 6,000 people was, however, lighter than expected. The 15th Cavalry Regiment Band provided music for the event, and Bishop Robert Atkinson Gibson of the Episcopal Diocese of Virginia delivered the invocation. Speakers included former presidential candidate William Jennings Bryan and Hilary A. Herbert. On the spur of the moment, Herbert asked Corporal James R. Tanner, former Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic (a veterans organization for Union soldiers) to briefly address the crowd. Tanner lost both legs in the war, became a stenographer, and took eyewitness testimony on behalf of the government in the hours following the assassination of Abraham Lincoln. He had briefly led the Bureau of Pensions in 1889, and helped organize the American Red Cross. Nonetheless, there were murmurs of disapproval from the audience when Tanner spoke.
When the speeches ended, the cornerstone was laid. The cornerstone contained a time capsule in which a large number of objects and documents were placed, including a certified copy of the Act of June 6, 1900; the letter from Secretary of War Taft giving the ACMA permission to build the memorial; membership rosters of the UDC and other organizations; flags of the states which joined the Confederacy; and examples of Confederate and modern paper money and coins. A ceremonial trowel of mortar was laid beneath the cornerstone by Herbert, Tanner, and Miss Mary Custis Lee, the 77-year-old only living child of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. The cornerstone was then lowered into place. Mrs. Cordelia Powell Odenheimer, the First Vice President of the UDC, then placed mortar atop the stone. This ended the ceremony. The Rev. Dr. Randolph McKim delivered the benediction.
After the ceremony ended, members of the UDC planted a redwood tree near the monument. It was named "Robert E. Lee" in honor of General Lee. The total cost of the event was $594 ($ in dollars).
Dedication delays
While work on the monument initially progressed on schedule, delays began to occur. Funding was not the issue: By November 1913, the ACMA had paid $20,000 to Ezekiel to secure raw bronze, and almost $22,725 remained in the organization's coffers to complete the memorial, ship it to America, and assemble and erect it. The first delay was small but significant, and occurred in early 1913 when Ezekiel could not obtain copies of the Confederate state shields in a timely fashion. This forced the ACMA and UDC to give up on a June 1913 dedication, and November 5 was informally set as the new date for the event.
Yet more delays occurred. About July, Ezekiel said he needed 10 more days to complete casting, and the UDC changed the dedication date to November 15. But on August 19, an accident occurred in the casting process which delayed delivery of the memorial by yet another three months. The Confederate Memorial was finally complete in November 1913, and shipped to the United States via a Hamburg America ocean liner in early 1914. It was sent by barge up Potomac River and arrived at the Washington Navy Yard on January 10, 1914.
The Confederate Memorial consisted of a number of pieces which required assembly. Civil engineer A. C. Weeks donated his services to help prepare the site for the monument, and oversaw the memorial's erection. The memorial was stored in crates not at the Navy Yard but at the Army Quartermaster's headquarters at Fort Myer, next to Arlington National Cemetery. The ACMA decided to uncrate and erect the memorial in early March 1914 (as soon as winter weather permitted), and established a new the dedication ceremony date for April 27.
But construction problems again forced a delay in the dedication ceremony. With the assistance of Representative James Luther Slayden of San Antonio, Texas, the ACMA had contracted with a Texas firm to provide the granite for the memorial's base. But the company could not furnish enough granite in time to meet the April 27 dedication deadline. The ACMA canceled its contract, and commissioned a Maryland firm to provide the granite instead. The Maryland company said the base would be completed by May 22, so the ACMA rescheduled the dedication for Confederate Memorial Day, June 4.
Dedication of the Confederate Memorial was the most prominent project the UDC had ever undertaken, and the organization desired to make it a special occasion. Florence Butler (wife of former North Carolina Senator Marion Butler) chaired the dedication program committee. She called it a "disagreeable job", for it involved declining hundreds of requests from people who wanted to read speeches, sing or play songs, and recite poetry. Butler, however, was convinced that there should be a bare minimum of speeches, and none of them should be lengthy. President Woodrow Wilson, a native Virginian, was invited to be the keynote speaker, and an invitation he readily accepted. His participation was almost derailed, however, when Wilson decided against attending the Grand Army of the Republic's Memorial Day ceremonies. An outraged GAR demanded that Wilson withdraw from the Confederate Memorial dedication. But Wilson quickly agreed to attend the GAR's event, and the scandal died down.
Dedicating the memorial
The dedication ceremony for the Confederate Memorial was held on June 4, 1914. Although numerous dignitaries and Confederate groups were invited to attend, only a single Union veterans' group was asked to do so (because, the UDC said, there was limited seating). The Union veterans' group which was invited was the 23rd New Jersey Regiment, which made a major donation early in the fund-raising process. But its leaders could not be reached and no representative from the unit attended.
The ceremony began with music from the 5th Cavalry Regiment Band, which entertained the more than 4,000 people who attended the ceremony, including all members of Congress. The invocation was delivered by the Rev. Dr. Randolph H. McKim, pastor of the Church of the Epiphany (a historic Episcopal church located at 1317 G Street NW). Hilary Herbert acted as the master of ceremonies. Former Confederate general Bennett H. Young, National Commander of the United Confederate Veterans, spoke first, followed by Washington Gardner, a former sergeant with the 65th Ohio Volunteer Infantry and National Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic. Colonel Robert Edward Lee III (USA), grandson of General Robert E. Lee, then addressed the audience on the meaning of the memorial. Herbert spoke briefly and then, on behalf of the ACMA, turned the memorial over to the UDC. Mrs. Daisy McLaurin Stevens, President of the UDC, accepted the memorial and delivered her own a brief oration.
Following the speakers, the Confederate Memorial was unveiled by 11-year-old Paul Herbert Micou, grandson of Hilary Herbert. A 21-gun artillery salute followed, and then Mrs. Stevens presented the memorial to President Wilson as a gift to the American people.
The dedication program was to have concluded with a major address by President Wilson followed by mass singing, wreath-laying and other floral tributes, a benediction by Reverend Andrew R. Bird of the Church of the Pilgrims (a Presbyterian church located in Washington, D.C.), and a wreath-laying at the Civil War Unknowns Monument. But a thunderstorm broke over the crowd as the President neared the end of his remarks. With no marquee or other shelter nearby for the crowd, most attendees rushed for their automobiles and returned to the city. The President left as well, and the dedication ceremony ended abruptly. The floral tributes were quickly deposited at the foot of the memorial, and the wreath hurriedly placed at the Civil War Unknowns memorial. The cost of the ceremony was $2,660 ($ in dollars).
About the memorial
The Confederate Memorial stands in a circular grassy area in the center of Stonewall Jackson Circle in Section 16 in Arlington National Cemetery in Arlington County, Virginia. Section 16 is completely surrounded by Section 17, and Jackson Circle may be reached via a short path connecting the circle to McPherson Drive. Sculpted in the Baroque style by Moses Ezekiel in his Rome, Italy, studio, the cost of the bronze and casting was about $41,770 ($) (although the press reported the number as $35,000 [$ in dollars]). Ezekiel donated his services as sculptor. The memorial was cast by Aktien-Gesellschaft Gladenbeck in Berlin, Germany. The cost of shipping the statue to the United States and erecting it at Arlington National Cemetery was $8,229 ($ in dollars) (although the press reported it as $15,000 [$ in dollars]).
The memorial consists of a bronze statue atop a bronze plinth, which stand on a granite base which rests on concrete footings. The base consists of a rectangular lower base and a taller upper base in the shape of a nearly-square Maltese cross, which together are about high. The two elements which make up the base are of polished Woodstock granite from Maryland, while the plinth above the base is made of bronze. Prior to laying the foundations, the entire Confederation section was regraded. Roads through the section, built in 19011903, were closed and removed and replaced with turf. The road around the site was converted to a cement walk and gutters installed. The cost of these alterations, borne by the UDC, was $1,020 ($ in dollars).
The statue is generally referred to as the "Confederate Memorial" and sometimes as the "Confederate Monument". It has no official name, although Moses Ezekiel preferred the title "New South". The memorial is richly decorated, and reflects Ezekiel's training in Germany as well as the ornate Romantic style of Victorian decorative arts.
At in height, the Confederate Memorial is among the tallest of the memorials and monuments at Arlington National Cemetery. It is often claimed to be the tallest, but this is incorrect as the obelisk over the grave of Major General Joseph Wheeler is taller ().
Figure of "The South"
The topmost portion of the memorial consists of a larger-than-life figure of a woman representing the South. The orientation of the figure and its face is toward the south, in part to honor the Confederacy but also so that the sun may shine on the face of the figure at all times (which is symbolic of being favored). The figure's head is crowned with an olive wreath, which is both sacred to Minerva (Roman goddess of war and wisdom) and a symbol of peace. The figure's left hand extends a laurel wreath toward the south in acknowledgment of the sacrifices made by the South's men in arms and as a symbol of the past. The figure holds a pruning hook in its right hand, which in turn rests on a plow. This represents peace and reconciliation as well as the hope that the labor of the South will lead to new glory.
The figure stands on a round pedestal decorated with palm branches and four cinerary urns. Low relief numbers on the urns refer to the four years of the American Civil War (1861, 1862, 1863, and "186465"). Beneath the round pedestal is a round plinth in the form of a wreath of wheat. Below the plinth is a round base on which is inscribed: "And they shall beat their swords into ploughshares and their spears into pruning hooks." It is a partial quotation from Isaiah 2:4.
Below the base is a frieze of 14 inwardly inclined shields, each of which depicts the coat of arms of one of the 11 Confederate states, as well as the border states of Missouri, Kentucky, and Maryland.
32 figures on the mount
Below the frieze is a cylindrical mount on which are 32 life-size figures. In the front (or south-facing side) of the mount is the panoplied figure of Minerva. Minerva attempts to support the figure of a fallen woman (who also represents the South). The woman is leaning against a shield emblazoned with the words "The Constitution." Behind Minerva's head, allegorical "Spirits of War" trumpet in every direction, calling the citizens of the South to aid their country. One spirit resembles a gorgon, while another holds a cinerary urn. On either side of the fallen woman are figures depicting those who came to the South's aid. They represent each branch of the Confederate armed forces: Miner, sailor, sapper, and soldier. There are four figures (two in high relief, two in low relief) facing Minerva on the southwest corner of the mount. There are six figures (three in high relief, three in low relief) facing Minerva on the southeast corner of the mount. A uniformed black slave, following his master to war, is depicted among the six figures on the southeast. The slave is not a soldier, although the image is often referred to as a "black soldier". It is, as the UDC pointed out in 1914, "a faithful Negro body-servant following his young master". This particular image was inspired by Thomas Nelson Page's 1887 Lost Cause story, Marse Chan: A Tale of Old Virginia.
On the east, northeast, north, northwest, and west sides of the cylindrical mount are the remainder of the figures in high relief. These figures are intended to represent the sacrifices, devotion, and heroism of all social classes of people in the Confederacy. The figures depict:
A military officer kissing his infant child, who is held in the arms of a weeping black mammy while another child clings to her skirts;
A shirtless blacksmith leaving his anvil and tools behind as his sorrowful wife looks on;
A clergyman and his grieving wife saying goodbye to their teenage son (who has enlisted); and
A young lady binding a sword and sash onto her beau.
The inclusion of the "faithful black servants" was purposeful. Sculptor Moses Ezekiel included them because he wanted to undermine what he called the "lies" told about the South and slavery in Harriet Beecher Stowe's 1852 novel Uncle Tom's Cabin and wished to rewrite history "correctly" (his word) to depict black slaves' support for the Confederate cause.
An oak tree spreads its branches behind the couple and their son and the blacksmith's family. It represents the support family lends to the Confederate cause, as well as the strength of Confederate families.
Base
The 32 life-size figures stand on an irregular octagonal base. The front (or south-facing side) of this base depicts the Great Seal of the Confederacy in low relief. In raised letters below the seal are the following words:
TO OUR DEAD HEROES
BY
THE UNITED DAUGHTERS
OF THE CONFEDERACY
VICTRIX CAUSA DIIS
PLACUIT SED VICTA CATONIThis Latin phrase means: "The Victorious Cause was Pleasing to the Gods, But the Lost Cause Pleased Cato." It is a quotation from the poem Pharsalia by the ancient Roman poet Lucan. It refers to the attempt by the Roman Senator Pompey to prevent Julius Caesar from becoming dictator of Rome in 49 BC. Although he lost, Pompey's actions pleased the great philosopher and statesman Cato (who was noted for his moral integrity).
On the north face of the memorial in raised letters are the following words:
NOT FOR FAME OR REWARD
NOT FOR PLACE OR FOR RANK
NOT LURED BY AMBITION
OR GOADED BY NECESSITY
BUT IN SIMPLE
OBEDIENCE TO DUTY
AS THEY UNDERSTOOD IT
THESE MEN SUFFERED ALL
SACRIFICED ALL
DARED ALL — AND DIED
RANDOLPH HARRISON MCKIM
On the northwest face of the octagonal base, in raised letters, are the words:
M. Ezekiel * Sculptor
Rome MCMXII
On the northeast face of the octagonal base, in raised letters, are the words:
MADE BY
AKTIEN-GESELLSCHAFT GLADENBECK
BRONZE FOUNDERY
BERLIN-FRIEDRICHSHAGEN-GERMANY
The east and west sides of the octagonal base are flanked by pedestals, on top of which are urn-like lamps topped with "eternal flames" of bronze.
Reception
In 1914, The Washington Post lauded the memorial when it was unveiled. It was effusive in its praise for the monument's focus on peace and the future, its emphasis on the South's fight for constitutional rights and not slavery, and its repetitive images focusing on the sacrifices made by the heroic common soldier. Unnamed European art critics cited by The Sunday Star newspaper said it was "a marvel of facial expression and allegorically perfect". Colonel William Couper, a faculty member at the Virginia Military Institute (VMI), praised it in 1933 as "magnificent and impressive".
Modern critics have been somewhat more equivocal. Keith Gibson, executive director of the VMI museum system, says the Confederate Memorial is a "superb example of Ezekiel's style and imagery", and one of the artist's most significant works. Gibson nevertheless faults the memorial for its static posing and "hard contours". Historian Katherine Allamong Jacob, however, notes that while the memorial is "intensely dramatic" it is also "not a little sentimental". In 2007, The Washington Post reporter Linda Wheeler found the memorial ornate and romantic and praised it as a vivid reflection of Victorian artistic taste. Kirk Savage, associate professor of art history and architecture at the University of Pittsburgh, criticizes the memorial for being "clearly the product of white supremacist thinking and practice". Historian Erika Lee Doss agrees, calling it "a pro-southern textbook illustrated in bronze".
In 2020, Arlington National Cemetery installed a plaque near the statue, informing visitors that the memorial features "highly sanitized depictions of slavery".
History of the memorial
In August 1915, Secretary of War Lindley Miller Garrison determined that the Confederate Monument should be cared for by the federal government under the authority granted by the Act of June 8, 1906.
As of November 2013, the Confederate Memorial remains one of three sites at Arlington National Cemetery mentioned by name in the Code of Federal Regulations where public memorial services may be conducted. (The others are the Memorial Amphitheater and the John F. Kennedy Grave.)
Final financial issues
A total of $56,262 ($ in dollars) was raised by the UDC for the memorial by November 1914. But the $40,000 ($ in dollars) budgeted for design and casting of the monument fell short of the actual cost. Ezekiel was forced to spend about $5,000 ($ in dollars) of his own funds casting the piece, as the money paid to him barely covered the cost of materials.
Many UDC leaders felt fundraising should continue since the Little Rock convention of 1910 had implicitly promised to pay Ezekiel more money. The resolution which enlarged the memorial and increased the amount of money budgeted for it read: "...that the monument in Washington shall cost not less than $50,000, with the hopes of $75,000, and that a contract be made to this effect...". Although Ezekiel declined to press the issue, UDC leaders felt morally bound to try to pay him the additional $25,000 ($ in dollars). In November 1914, with nearly all the costs of the memorial, its erection, and dedication paid, there remained a memorial fund balance of $1,771 ($ in dollars). This money was paid to Ezekiel. At the Savannah convention of 1914, the delegates agreed to pay Ezekiel a total of $8,229 ($ in dollars) above the $40,000 already sent to him. Savannah convention raised just $1,504 toward this sum, and the UDC general treasury donated another $1,000 from its treasury. Moses Ezekiel died in March 1917, and it is unclear whether the UDC ever paid the outstanding $3,955 ($ in dollars).
At the November 1917 UDC convention in Chattanooga, Tennessee, the ACMA treasurer reported that the Confederate Memorial fund now showed a deficit of $1,325 ($ in dollars). There is no indication in the UDC convention minutes as to why this deficit was incurred. The organization's treasurer proposed that the necessary funds be raised by donations at the convention and that any remaining deficit paid for by the UDC out of its treasury.
Burials at the memorial
Burials in the Confederate section continued after the Confederate Memorial was completed. The first of these was Thomas Findley, who was buried on June 11, 1914, just days after the dedication ceremony. His interment, however, proved controversial because the War Department gave him full military honors. This created widespread anger nationally among GAR members because Findley was not honorably discharged from the armed forces of the United States, as required by law.
Four notable burials occurred at the compass points of the Confederate Memorial, and stand out from the rest of the graves nearby for not being part of the concentric circles of burials. These are the graves of Moses Ezekiel, Lieutenant Harry C. Marmaduke, Captain John M. Hickey, and Brigadier General Marcus J. Wright. The first of these burials was that of Moses Ezekiel, which occurred on March 30, 1921. Ezekiel died in Italy on March 27, 1917. He requested that his body be brought back to the United States for burial, but this was not possible as World War I prevented it. His body was returned to America after the war and a funeral held in Arlington Memorial Amphitheater on March 30, 1921—the first funeral ever to be held in the year-old structure. His body was buried on the east side of the memorial, and a small granite pedestal surmounted by a bronze plaque placed at the head of the grave.
The second of the four notable burials was that of Brigadier General Wright, which occurred on December 29, 1922. He was interred on the south side of the memorial. The third burial was that of Captain Henry H. Marmaduke, the last known surviving officer of the ironclad warship CSS Virginia (which famously fought the in the Battle of Hampton Roads on March 9, 1862). A midshipman at the time of the battle, he lived in the District of Columbia after 1883 and was buried on the west side of the memorial on November 17, 1924. The last notable burial was that of Captain John M. Hickey, who was buried on the memorial's north side on October 3, 1927.
It is unclear why these four were buried next to the memorial and not elsewhere in the Confederate section. Ezekiel, Wright, and Hickey all played major roles in creating the Confederate section and bringing the memorial into being, but it is less clear why Marmaduke warranted burial at the foot of the memorial (although his notable war service may have justified it). Also unclear is why no other notable burials occurred next to the memorial.
Other history of the memorial
The Confederate Memorial is the focus of Confederate Memorial Day exercises in the Washington, D.C., area. President Woodrow Wilson attended the first four events (1915, 1916, 1917, and 1918) held at the memorial, although he spoke only at that of 1917. It is unclear when Wilson began sending wreaths to the event, although historians agree the tradition began with Wilson. President Warren G. Harding spoke at the first Confederate Memorial Day event of his presidency in 1922, but did not attend in 1923. Harding's successor, Calvin Coolidge, spoke at the memorial on Confederate Memorial Day in 1924 (held that year on May 25). Coolidge sent a wreath beginning with the 1925 Confederate Memorial Day, but never again attended the event. President Herbert Hoover never attended the event.
Attendance at the Confederate Memorial Day event at the memorial has fluctuated wildly. For example, more than 2,000 attended Confederate Memorial Day ceremonies at the memorial in 1912, but just 600 did so in 1925 (the 60th anniversary of the end of the war). "Several hundred" attended the 1931 event, while more than 2,000 came in 1932. A thousand were there in 1934. Although media coverage of the event was sparse in the 1930s, more than a thousand people attended the 1942 ceremony. Just 500 attended in 1946, 400 in 1948, and 200 in 1951. About 150 people attended the 2007 event.
Graves in the Confederate section received new headstones in 1930.
Another set of memorials was proposed for the Confederate section in 1931. The idea was sparked by a controversy over the burial of LaSalle Corbell Pickett, wife of Major General George Pickett (CSA). Pickett died in Norfolk, Virginia, on July 30, 1875. After a brief interment in a cemetery in Norfolk, his remains were reburied in the Confederate military section of Hollywood Cemetery in Richmond, Virginia, on October 24, 1875. LaSalle Corbell Pickett died on March 22, 1931. Her wish was to be buried next to her husband, but Hollywood Cemetery officials refused, citing regulations that only men could be buried in the Confederate section of Hollywood Cemetery. Mrs. Pickett's grandson and eldest surviving male descendant, Lieutenant George E. Pickett III, was outraged by the cemetery's decision. He sought to have his grandmother buried in the Confederate section of Arlington National Cemetery, and have his grandfather's remains disinterred and brought to D.C. for burial beside her. Lieutenant Pickett then conferred with representatives of the War Department and Colonel Robert Lee Longstreet, son of Lieutenant General James Longstreet. The three parties devised a plan to erect statues to Generals Pickett, Longstreet, and Robert E. Lee in the Confederate section. The three statues would be grouped together where Jackson Circle and McPherson Drive met, creating what Pickett and Longstreet called a "tri-hero corner". Additionally, Longstreet conceived of a site adjacent to the Confederate section where Confederates could be buried or reburied, and additional memorials to them erected. He brought his idea to War Department shortly after the tri-hero corner concept was broached. Alarmed not only at the loss of Pickett's remains but at a potential shift in focus from Richmond to Arlington, Hollywood Cemetery officials quickly agreed to inter Mrs. Pickett next to her husband. With this decision, the rationale for a tri-hero corner largely went away, and neither it nor Longstreet's memorial section plan were implemented.
There were also attempts to erect additional Confederate memorials at Arlington National Cemetery in the 1930s. The first of these was a legislative proposal by Representative Hamilton Fish III in 1935 to erect a statue of Robert E. Lee somewhere in the cemetery. The UDC had previously sought to erect a statue of Lee near Arlington House about 1900, but abandoned this plan to pursue the Confederate Memorial. The UDC strongly backed the Fish bill, but the legislation generated widespread opposition and died in Congress in 1936 without being acted on. A second Confederate memorial was proposed for Arlington Memorial Amphitheater. It is unclear who or what group made the suggestion (although The Washington Post implied it was a project of the Sons of Confederate Veterans), but it was proposed to inscribe the names of leading Confederate figures on the columns on either side of the apse in Memorial Amphitheater. These square pilasters on either side of the apse list the names of famous American generals (left, as one faces the stage) and admirals (right) from the American Revolutionary War through the Spanish–American War of 1898. When the UDC learned of the proposal, many of its members wanted to add the names of Robert E. Lee and Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson to the columns as well. A resolution to this effect was offered at the UDC convention in 1937. However, delegates amended the resolution on the floor to deny UDC support for the changes unless the name of Confederate President Jefferson Davis was added as well. The resolution was then adopted. But only Congress had the authority to change the pilasters, and no legislation to add names was ever introduced.
Confederate Memorial Day ceremonies moved to Arlington Memorial Amphitheater from the Confederate Memorial in 1936. Although wreath layings and other brief ceremonies were still conducted at the base of the memorial, most of the event was held in the amphitheater. The ceremonies from the amphitheater (but not the memorial) were first broadcast on radio by NBC in 1937. The ceremonies moved back to the Confederate Memorial in 1941, but returned to the amphitheater in 1942. More recent ceremonies in the 1990s and 2000s have been at the Confederate Memorial, although it is unclear when the event moved out of Memorial Amphitheater. Former Secretary of the Navy Jim Webb spoke at a Confederate Memorial Day exercise at the memorial on June 3, 1990.
In 2010, the Confederate Memorial made its first known appearance in a work of fiction. It was mentioned prominently in author Alice Randall's 2010 novel Rebel Yell, in which two African American characters discuss the inclusion of black slaves in the memorial's imagery and the confusion and meaning it has for African Americans today.
The 100th anniversary of the dedication of the Confederate Memorial was noted with a ceremony on Confederate Memorial Day hosted by the United Daughters of the Confederacy on June 8, 2014.
Presidential wreaths
Beginning with Woodrow Wilson in 1919, almost every President of the United States sent a wreath to the Confederate Memorial Day exercises. This tradition was broken by President Harry S. Truman in 1949 and again in 1950. Truman resumed the tradition in 1951, and a presidential wreath continued to be donated each year for the next four decades. In 1990, President George H. W. Bush declined to send a wreath to the ceremony, citing infighting among Confederate groups. Bush declined to send a wreath again in 1991 and 1992. President Bill Clinton resumed the tradition in 1993, and it was continued by his successor, President George W. Bush.
When African-American Senator Barack Obama was elected President in November 2008, he faced a dilemma about continuing the tradition. As Kirk Savage, art historian, put it, "a black president suddenly became in charge of a tradition steeped in white supremacy". In 2009, several dozen university professors and historians asked President Obama to end the tradition, and the issue received some mass media attention. Confederate heritage groups denounced any attempt to end the presidential wreath tradition, arguing it would be an insult to Southerners. A few days before the 2009 Confederate Memorial Day, Savage argued in a The Washington Post editorial that the Southerners were essentially correct. He concluded that to end the tradition would only reinforce racist attitudes in America and do little to promote an understanding of the role of slavery in American history and society. President Obama himself never addressed the issue. Instead, Obama sent a wreath not only to the Confederate Memorial but also instituted a new tradition of sending a presidential wreath to the African American Civil War Memorial in Washington, D.C.
Position of Ezekiel's extended family
In 2017, after the violence at the Unite the Right rally in Charlottesville, Virginia, gave additional impetus to the removal of Confederate monuments and memorials, twenty of Ezekiel's extended family published in The Washington Post a letter calling for the monument to be removed:
Like most such monuments, this statue intended to rewrite history to justify the Confederacy and the subsequent racist Jim Crow laws. It glorifies the fight to own human beings, and, in its portrayal of African Americans, implies their collusion. As proud as our family may be of Moses's artistic prowess, we—some twenty Ezekiels—say remove that statue. Take it out of its honored spot in Arlington National Cemetery and put it in a museum that makes clear its oppressive history.
Planned removal
In 2021, the Naming Commission was established by Congress in response to the George Floyd protests. The Commission set out to examine the ways in which the military continued to honor the Confederacy and provided recommendations on removing and renaming all Department of Defense items "that commemorate the Confederate States of America or any person who served voluntarily with the Confederate States of America." One of the suggestions was to remove the Confederate Memorial at Arlington National Cemetery. In January 2023, the Department of Defense accepted the commission's recommendations. Arlington National Cemetery subsequently began a process to remove the memorial, which is set to be complete by the start of 2024. The statue will be removed and relocated after a public consultation planned for autumn 2023, while the granite base will remain to avoid disturbing graves near the memorial. If carried out, it will be the first war memorial ever removed from Arlington National Cemetery. Supporters of the memorial, including the Sons of Confederate Veterans, have filed a lawsuit attempting to block the removal.
Notes
References
Bibliography
Flagel, Thomas R. The History Buff's Guide to the Civil War. Naperville, Ill.: Cumberland House, 2010.
Foster, Gaines M. Ghosts of the Confederacy: Defeat, the Lost Cause, and the Emergence of the New South, 1865 to 1913. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
Fuller, A. James. "Introduction: Perspectives on American Power and Empire." In America, War and Power: Defining the State, 17752005. Lawrence Sondhaus and A. James Fuller, eds. Florence, Ky.: Taylor & Francis, 2007.
Gibson, Keith. "Ezekiel, Moses Jacob." In The Grove Encyclopedia of American Art. Joan M. Marter, ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2011.
Grissom, Michael Andrew. When the South Was Southern. Gretna, La.: Pelican Publishing Co., 1994.
Gross, Jennifer L. "The United Daughters of the Confederacy, Confederate Widows, and the lost Cause." In Women on Their Own: Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Being Single. Rudolph M. Bell and Virginia Yans, eds. New Brunswick, N.J.: Rutgers University Press, 2010.
Heidler, David Stephen; Heidler, Jeanne T.; and Coles, David J. Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History. New York: Norton, 2002.
Herbert, Hilary A. History of the Arlington Confederate Monument. Richmond, Va.: United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1915.
Jacob, Kathryn Allamong. Testament to Union: Civil War Monuments in Washington, D.C. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1998.
Johnson, Clint. The Politically Incorrect Guide to the South: And Why It Will Rise Again. Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, 2007.
Loewen, James W. and Sebesta, Edward H. The Confederate and Neo-Confederate Reader: The "Great Truth" About the "Lost Cause". Jackson, Miss.: University Press of Mississippi, 2010.
Logan, Mary Simmerson Cunningham. The Part Taken By Women in American History. Wilmington, Del.: The Perry-Nalle Publishing Co., 1912.
Marling, Karal Ann. Old Glory: Unfurling History. Hawkhurst, Kent, UK: Bunker Hill Publishing, 2004.
Martinez, J. Michael and Harris, Robert M. "Graves, Worms, and Epitaphs: Confederate Monuments in the Southern Landscape." In Confederate Symbols in the Contemporary South. James Michael Martinez, ed. Gainesville, Fla.: University Press of Florida, 2000.
Mayo, James M. War Memorials as Political Landscape: The American Experience and Beyond. New York: Praeger, 1988.
Mills, Cynthia. "Introduction." In Monuments to the Lost Cause: Women, Art, and the Landscapes of Southern Memory. Cynthia Mills and Pamela Hemenway Simpson, eds. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003.
Morman, Armaad R. Veterans' Benefits: Burial Benefits and National Cemeteries. Darby, Pa.: Diane Publishing, 2011.
Nickeson, Dawn Ottevaere. "Philippine Islands, U.S. Acquisition of." In The Encyclopedia of the Spanish-American and Philippine-American Wars: A Political, Social, and Military History. Spencer Tucker, ed. Santa Barbara, Calif.: ABC-CLIO, 2009.
Parzych, Cynthia. Arlington National Cemetery. Guilford, Conn.: GPP Travel, 2009.
Peters, James Edward. Arlington National Cemetery, Shrine to America's Heroes. Bethesda, Md.: Woodbine House, 2000.
Poole, Robert M. On Hallowed Ground: The Story of Arlington National Cemetery. New York: Bloomsbury Publishing USA, 2009.
Poppenheim, Mary B. The History of the United Daughters of the Confederacy, 1894-1929. Volumes 1. Richmond, Va.: Garrett and Massie, 1938.
Quartermaster General of the Army. Compilation of Laws (revised Statutes and Statutes at Large) Relating to the Quartermaster Corps. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1914.
Rowe, Jr., Joseph M. "Treaty of Paris of 1898." In Historical Dictionary of European Imperialism. James Stuart Olson and Robert Shadle, eds. New York: Greenwood Press, 1991.
Savage, Kirk. "Afterward: War/Memory/History: Toward a Remixed Understanding." In Remixing the Civil War: Meditations on the Sesquicentennial. Thomas J. Brown, ed. Baltimore, Md.: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2011.
Sedore, Timothy S. An Illustrated Guide to Virginia's Confederate Monuments. Carbondale, Ill.: Southern Illinois University Press, 2011.
Selcer, Richard F. "Faithfully and Forever Your Soldier": Gen. George E. Pickett, CSA. Gettysburg, Pa.: Farnsworth House Military Impressions, 1995.
Subcommittee on Appropriations. Hearings Before Subcommittee of House Committee on Appropriations on Sundry Civil Appropriation Bill for 1913. Part 3. Committee on Appropriations. U.S. House of Representatives. 62d Cong., 2d sess. Washington, D.C.: Government Printing Office, 1912.
Sutherland, Daniel E. The Confederate Carpetbaggers. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1988.
Trout, Steven. On the Battlefield of Memory: The First World War and American Remembrance, 19191941. Tuscaloosa, Ala.: University of Alabama Press, 2010.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Fourteenth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Norfolk, Virginia, November 13–16, 1907. Opelika, Ala.: Post Publishing Company, 1908.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Fifteenth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Atlanta, Georgia, November 11–14, 1908. Opelika, Ala.: Post Publishing Company, 1909.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Sixteenth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Houston, Texas, November 19–22, 1909. Opelika, Ala.: Post Publishing Company, 1909.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Seventeenth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Little Rock, Arkansas, November 8–12, 1910. Paducah, Ky.: Paducah Printing Company, 1911.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Twentieth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in New Orleans, Louisiana, November 12–15, 1913. Raleigh, N.C.: Edwards and Broughton Printing Company, 1914.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Twenty-First Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Savannah, Georgia, November 11–14, 1914. Raleigh, N.C.: Edwards and Broughton Printing Company, 1915.
United Daughters of the Confederacy. Minutes of the Twenty-Fourth Annual Convention of the United Daughters of the Confederacy Held in Chattanooga, Tennessee, November 14–17, 1917. Richmond, Va.: Richmond Press Inc. Printers, 1918.
External links
1914 establishments in Virginia
1914 sculptures
Arlington National Cemetery
Sculptures of African Americans
Bronze sculptures in Virginia
Buildings and structures completed in 1914
Confederate States of America monuments and memorials in Virginia
Lost Cause of the Confederacy
Sculptures of men in Virginia
Sculptures of women in Virginia
Statues in Virginia
United Daughters of the Confederacy monuments and memorials
Sculptures of Moses Jacob Ezekiel
Memorials of or with American slaves
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41028482
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obie%20Scott%20Wade
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Obie Scott Wade
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Obie Scott Wade is an American producer, director and screenwriter. He has written for several television shows, and in 2013 created the animated television series, SheZow.
Career
Wade worked on Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego? and Mister Rogers' Neighborhood. He co-wrote eight episodes of Baby Looney Tunes, a Warner Bros. show. He also worked on Al Roach: Private Insectigator; and Deer Mike, a Disney show.
In 2001, Wade was an executive at Zeroes and Ones, a production studio in Santa Monica, California. Wade was co-creator with Paul Frank of the animated series, Julius & Friends, what was launched on Sony's screenblast.com in 2002. He was also the show's producer and director. The "Yeti Set Go" episode was selected for the 2000 Sundance Film Festival. An episode of the show was selected again in 2001, the Sundance Film Festival said that "this good-humored tale explores such issues as friendship, fate, and hot chocolate." In 2001, Wade and Michael Adamo received a Certificate of Merit, a Children's Jury Prize, at the Chicago International Children's Film Festival for Julius & Friends: Hole in One.
In 2012, Wade created the show SheZow, an animated comedy about a boy who transforms into a super hero while clad in a female costume. SheZow was targeted to 6- to 11-year-old children. It was funded by Film Victoria and launched on Network Ten in Australia. There was backlash at the show's United States premiere on The Hub (now Discovery Family) when it was seen as a show about a transgender child. Romeo San Vicente states, "Technically that makes him a situational transvestite in the service of law and order and, clearly, young audiences are already understanding that it no more makes the character transgender (a word most of them have probably never encountered) than the Batman costume turns Bruce Wayne into an actual flying mammal of the order chiroptera." The show's critics included the Catholic League, American Family Association, and One Million Moms, who said the show was an
"attempt by the gay, lesbian and transgender community to indoctrinate our children into accepting their lifestyles."
In 2013, Wade was listed among the "rising stars in animation" by Animation Magazine. Wade was co-author of the juvenile fiction book, Oddry, which was published in 2014.
References
External links
American male screenwriters
Living people
Year of birth missing (living people)
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41028483
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William%20Pearce%20%28Australian%20politician%29
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William Pearce (Australian politician)
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William Warburton Frederick Pearce (26 October 1855 – 26 June 1922) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hobart. On 10 June 1922 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Labor member for Franklin; however, he died sixteen days later before taking his seat.
References
1855 births
1922 deaths
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Colony of Tasmania people
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41028495
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%20parte%20Slabbert
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Ex parte Slabbert
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In Ex parte Slabbert, an important case in South African insolvency law, the applicant applied for surrender of an estate. In the application, it appeared that the copy of the notice of surrender, required by section 4 of the Insolvency Act, had stated that the applicant's statement of affairs would lie for inspection with the Master for a period of fourteen days from April 26. The date in the notice, however, was the 29th. In other words, there was a discrepancy with regard to the dates.
Because it was difficult to see how actual prejudice could occur in the circumstances, and still more difficult to see how it could have actually occurred, the court held that the application should be granted; in other words, that the defect did not invalidate the application.
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Ex parte Slabbert 1960 4 SA 677 (T).
Notes
South African case law
1960 in case law
1960 in South African law
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41028505
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David%20Dicker
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David Dicker
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David Edward Dicker (21 April 1882 – 7 February 1967) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Clarence. In 1909 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Labor member for Franklin. In 1917 he was charged with treason over anti-British statements, which led to his removal from the Public Works Committee.
In January 1922, the Labor Party refused his nomination for preselection for his seat at the 1922 election over a dispute relating to past organising work with the Australian Workers' Union. He nominated to recontest his seat as an independent, and was expelled from the party for disloyalty in May before going on to lose his seat.
He was refused readmission to the Labor Party as late as 1935, but was eventually readmitted. Dicker died in Gordon in 1967.
References
1882 births
1967 deaths
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
20th-century Australian politicians
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41028514
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201999%20Pan%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%201500%20metre%20freestyle
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Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 1500 metre freestyle
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The men's 1500 metre freestyle competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 6 August (preliminaries) and 7 August (finals) at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Carlton Bruner of US.
This race consisted of thirty lengths of the pool, all lengths being in freestyle.
Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.
Heats
The first round was held on August 6.
Final
The final was held on August 7.
References
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games
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41028521
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwarf%20wrasse
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Dwarf wrasse
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The dwarf wrasse, Doratonotus megalepis, is a species of wrasse native to tropical waters of the western Atlantic Ocean from Florida, United States, to Brazil and in the eastern Atlantic from around Ile Las Rolas, São Tomé and the Cape Verde Islands. It is found in beds of turtle grass at depths of , where its green coloration allows it to blend in with its surroundings. This species grows to a total length of . It can be found in the aquarium trade. This species is the only known member of its genus.
References
Labridae
Fish described in 1862
Taxa named by Albert Günther
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41028528
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur%20Cotton%20%28politician%29
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Arthur Cotton (politician)
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Arthur Cotton (9 January 1853 – 6 December 1920) was an Australian politician in Tasmania.
He was born in Cranbrook in Van Diemen's Land. In 1913 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Franklin. He was defeated in 1916 but returned in a by-election in 1917 after the appointment of John Earle to the Senate. He was defeated again in 1919 and died in Swansea in 1920.
References
1853 births
1920 deaths
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028562
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick%20Burbury
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Frederick Burbury
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Frederick Burbury (20 November 1861 – 20 June 1956) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Andover. In 1916, he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Franklin. He retired in 1919. Burbury died in Campbell Town in 1956.
References
1861 births
1956 deaths
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Tasmania
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028578
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yellow%20Claw%20%28DJs%29
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Yellow Claw (DJs)
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Yellow Claw is a Dutch DJ and record production duo from Amsterdam consisting of Jim Taihuttu, based in Bali, and Nils Rondhuis, based in Amsterdam. The duo's music is a mix of a wide range of genres and often incorporates elements from trap, hip hop, dubstep, hardstyle and moombahton.
Career
Yellow Claw first gained popularity in the middle of 2010, after founding and hosting a night party at one of Amsterdam's most famous night clubs, the Jimmy Woo. During 2012 and 2013, they released a number of successful singles, which charted on the Dutch and Belgian national charts: "Krokobil", "Nooit Meer Slapen", "Thunder" and "Last Night Ever". The music videos for the singles became popular, each gaining over four million views on YouTube. During that time, Yellow Claw performed at many Dutch festivals, such as DirtyDutch Festival, Sneakerz Festival, Latin Village Festival and Solar Festival.
In 2013, Yellow Claw signed to Diplo's label Mad Decent. On 7 March 2013, they released their first international EP Amsterdam Trap Music. In June, they performed at Diplo and Friends on BBC Radio 1, and in July – at the 2013 Tomorrowland Festival. On 26 September 2013, they put out their second EP, titled Amsterdam Twerk Music.
On 1 November 2013, after signing to Spinnin' Records, the group released their first international single "Shotgun", featuring vocals from Dutch singer Rochelle. The single peaked at number 10 in the Netherlands and number 20 in Belgium. On 8 November 2013, Yellow Claw released a collaboration single with Flosstradamus, titled "Pillz", under Fool's Gold Records and Ultra Music.
In 2015, Yellow Claw released their debut studio album, Blood for Mercy. The album's lead single, "In My Room" features American record producer DJ Mustard and American rappers Ty Dolla Sign and Tyga.
On 22 June 2016, Yellow Claw announced on their official Facebook page that MC Bizzey decided to leave the group since he became a father. EDC Las Vegas 2016 was their last show as a trio.
On 31 March 2017, Yellow Claw released their second studio album called Los Amsterdam. The album's included several hit songs such as "Light Years" featuring Rochelle, "City On Lockdown" featuring Lil Debbie and Juicy J, "Good Day" features DJ Snake & Elliphant, "Hold on to Me" featuring GTA. The album released under the Mad Decent Label.
In July 2017, Yellow Claw performed on the Mainstage of Tomorrowland 2017. This marked their first ever time as an act on the Mainstage.
They released their third studio album, New Blood, on 22 June 2018. The album features collaborations with a range of producers and singers including San Holo, DJ Snake, ASAP Ferg while comprising singles "Summertime", "Crash This Party", "Bittersweet", "Fake Chanel", "To The Max", "Public Enemy", and "Waiting".
On 12 July 2019, Yellow Claw released their single "Get Up" featuring KIDDO, the song was released under the Roc Nation label although they hadn't signed with the label at the time. In August 2019, Yellow Claw officially signed to Roc Nation, followed by the release of their new single "Baila Conmigo" featuring Saweetie, Inna, and Jenn Morel.
On 31 January 2020, Yellow Claw released their fourth studio album called Never Dies. The album released under the Roc Nation Label.
Members
Current
Jim Taihuttu, born 6 July 1981 – DJ and record producer
Nils Rondhuis, born 6 September 1987 – DJ and record producer
Former
Leonardo Roelandschap (known as Bizzey), born 11 May 1985 - rapper. (2010–2016)
Barong Family
In May 2014, Yellow Claw inaugurated their own label, called Barong Family, which were distributed by Spinnin' Records until early 2015. The first signed artist was fellow Amsterdam group Mightyfools, and the first official release was the song "Lick Dat" on 2 June 2014. The second single, Yung Felix's "Money Grabber" was released on 25 August 2014.
Barong Family now has over 600 releases.
Discography
Blood for Mercy (2015)
Los Amsterdam (2017)
New Blood (2018)
Never Dies (2020)
References
External links
Dutch DJs
Dutch electronic music groups
Dutch dance music groups
Dubstep musicians
Hardstyle musicians
Moombahcore musicians
Musical groups established in 2010
Musical groups from Amsterdam
Dutch musical trios
Spinnin' Records artists
Mad Decent artists
Electronic dance music duos
2010 establishments in the Netherlands
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41028583
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201999%20Pan%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20100%20metre%20backstroke
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Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 100 metre backstroke
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The men's 100 metre backstroke competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 6 August at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Jeff Rouse of US.
This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.
It was the first time a non-American won this event at the Pan American Games.
Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.
Heats
The first round was held on August 6.
B Final
The B final was held on August 6.
A Final
The A final was held on August 6.
References
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games
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41028594
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%20parte%20Harmse
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Ex parte Harmse
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In Ex parte Harmse, an important case in South African insolvency law, the applicant's statement indicated an excess of assets over liabilities, but the only evidence that he adduced to prove otherwise were certain letters written by estate agents or valuers. The court held that the applicant had failed to adduce sufficient evidence to establish on a balance of probabilities that he was insolvent: “It is only acceptable and admissible evidence which can displace the prima facie inference of solvency when the applicant’s own estimate of values exceeds the amount of the liabilities.”
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Ex Parte Harmse 2005 (1) SA 323 (N).
Notes
2005 in South African case law
South African insolvency case law
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41028602
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Ryan%20%28Tasmanian%20politician%29
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Daniel Ryan (Tasmanian politician)
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Daniel Edward Ryan (9 September 1870 – 31 March 1953) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Franklin. In 1915 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Liberal member for Franklin in a by-election following Norman Ewing's resignation. He did not contest the next election held in 1916. Ryan died in Hobart in 1953.
References
1870 births
1953 deaths
Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
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41028607
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dotalabrus
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Dotalabrus
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Dotalabrus is a genus of wrasses native to the Indian Ocean coasts of Australia.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
Dotalabrus alleni B. C. Russell, 1988 (little rainbow wrasse)
Dotalabrus aurantiacus (Castelnau, 1872) (Castelnau's wrasse)
References
Labridae
Perciformes genera
Marine fish genera
Taxa named by Gilbert Percy Whitley
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41028620
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Martin%20%28Tasmanian%20politician%29
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George Martin (Tasmanian politician)
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George Frederick Martin (9 June 1876 – 28 November 1946) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Hayes Siding in Tasmania. In 1912 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as a Labor member for Franklin. He was defeated in 1916. Martin died in Launceston in 1946.
References
1876 births
1946 deaths
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
Australian Labor Party members of the Parliament of Tasmania
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41028628
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evangelical%20Friends%20Church%20%E2%80%93%20Eastern%20Region
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Evangelical Friends Church – Eastern Region
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The Evangelical Friends Church – Eastern Region (EFCER) is an evangelical denomination of Christians who trace their beginning back to George Fox and the Religious Society of Friends. Based in Canton, Ohio, it is composed of over 90 churches and church plants, and is part of Evangelical Friends Church International (EFC-I). Near to the church's administrative offices is the campus of the affiliated Malone University.
History
The Ohio Yearly Meeting of the Friends Church (OYM) was established on October 12, 1812, by the Baltimore Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. At the time the Ohio Yearly Meeting included most of the Friends meetings West of the Allegheny Mountains. The first OYM yearly meeting was on August 14, 1813 at Short Creek, with Horton Howard presiding. The first Yearly Meeting House was erected in 1814 in Mt. Pleasant, Ohio. Many new local “meeting houses” followed.
During the 1800s the Friends movement experienced a separation over theology that would today be characterized as a debate between Unitarian/Universalism and Orthodoxy (Hicksites & Orthodox Meetings). Later the Society of Friends again wrestled over traditional Friends practices and Evangelicalism (Wilburite and Gurneyite Meetings). These separations resulted in multiple groups using the name "Ohio Yearly Meeting".
In 1917 the evangelicals (Gurneyites) moved their headquarters to Damascus, Ohio, and became known as the Ohio Yearly Meeting (Damascus). The Yearly Meeting House in Damascus was used from 1866 until a few years before it was razed in the 1970s. Later, they relocated again, this time to Canton, Ohio. In 1965 the Ohio Yearly Meeting (Damascus) joined the Evangelical Friends Alliance. In 1971 Ohio Yearly Meeting (Damascus) became Evangelical Friends Church – Eastern Region (EFCER).
Baptism and communion
By the 1870s, a noted evangelist, David B. Updegraff, supported baptism and communion in Friends churches. His teachings were considered a near-scandal in Friends meetings throughout the world, and resulted in some yearly meetings agreeing to allow for freedom of conscience in those practices. Updegraff largely solidified the EFCER's participation in the Evangelical-Holiness camp.
Malone University
The Evangelical Friends Church - Eastern Region was heavily influenced by the leadership of J. Walter and Emma Malone. In 1892, they founded the Cleveland Bible Training Institute — now Malone University in Canton — to train pastors and missionaries. Walter became the first General Superintendent in 1889, although the title was not formalized until 1891. The first missionaries to come out of the school were Esther Baird and Delia Fistler, who served in India. In fact, the school (either officially or through its graduates) helped to sponsor eight other schools of higher education around the country and around the world.
Twentieth century
Into the twentieth century, EFCER expanded its churches, missions, leaders and prominence amongst evangelicals worldwide. Leaders and members of note include Everett L. Cattell (pastor, missionary, author, and college president), Walter Williams (pastor, missionary, and superintendent), Cliff Robinson (missionary, one-time song leader for Billy Graham and founder of the Presidential Prayer Breakfasts), and Charles DeVol (renowned botanist and missionary).
Today
The current mission of EFCER is to equip churches to make disciples.
Current leadership
Executive Director: Ed Walsh
Director of Leadership Development: David Mercadante
Director of Church Health: Ed Walsh
Director of Finance and Administration: Andy Black
Director of Multiplication: Rusty Savage
References
External links
Evangelical Friends Church – Eastern Region (official website)
Evangelical Friends Mission
Religious organizations established in 1812
Quaker organizations based in the United States
Non-profit organizations based in Ohio
Canton, Ohio
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41028639
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201999%20Pan%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20200%20metre%20backstroke
|
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre backstroke
|
The men's 200 metre backstroke competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 4 August at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Brad Bridgewater of US.
This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all in backstroke.
Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.
Heats
The first round was held on August 4.
B Final
The B final was held on August 4.
A Final
The A final was held on August 4.
References
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games
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41028646
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas%20Hodgman
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Thomas Hodgman
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Thomas Christopher Hodgman (7 June 1853 – 12 December 1930) was an Australian politician.
He was born in Broadstairs in Kent. In 1900 he was elected to the Tasmanian House of Assembly as the member for Brighton, transferring to Monmouth in 1903. In 1909, with the introduction of proportional representation, he was elected as an Anti-Socialist member for Franklin. He retired in 1912. His nephew Bill Hodgman would later serve in both houses of the Tasmanian Parliament from 1955 to 1983. Hodgman died in Hobart in 1930.
References
1853 births
1930 deaths
Free Trade Party politicians
Members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly
People from Broadstairs
English emigrants to Australia
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41028656
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cliff%27s%20Variety%20Store
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Cliff's Variety Store
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Cliff's Variety Store and Hardware is a hardware, home goods, variety, and fabric store located in the Castro neighborhood of San Francisco, California since 1936. It has been in business for over 75 years and predates the neighborhood, becoming the first widely recognized gay mecca starting in the 1960s. It is one of the oldest family-run stores in the city.
It was previously referred to as "Cliff's Hardware Store".
History
Hilario DeBaca, a former merchant and schoolteacher, wanted something to do during his retirement years, so opened the first Cliff's variety store—named after his youngest son Clifford—at 575 Castro a block south of its present-day location. It was "mostly a one-man operation." DeBaca's eldest son Ernie, was also a budding entrepreneur who started several businesses, and stores before traveling with his family and eventually moving back to San Francisco in the mid-1930s and re-opening his repair shop.
In 1942, Hilario moved the store 1/2 block, and closer to the main intersection of the neighborhood where Castro and 18th streets intersect. It was twice the size of his first store but still considered small. It was called Cliff's Trading Post. A few years later in 1946, Ernie had an accident which kept him off his feet for months; he closed his separate repair shop and set up a workbench in the back of Cliff's where he could repair small appliances. Also in 1946, Cliff's began hosting a children's Halloween festival that featured a costume contest and ice cream-eating contest. Between the two men they had during the time of the second store introduced mechanical displays that would save on the limited counter space while utilizing the unused ceiling for storage racks.
In the late 1950s, the second store was forced to close as the Hibernia Bank (now a Bank of America branch) was introducing drive-through banking. The third Cliff's opened up on the other side of 18th street at 495 Castro. By this time Hilario had died and Ernie's daughter, Lorraine Asten, had born a son and named him Ernie.
The neighborhood was quickly changing demographics and real estate values were rapidly rising. Since the advent of automobile and driving culture and post-WWII growth of suburbs, the declining Irish Catholic and Scandinavian populations were giving way to the much more liberal young people who were overflowing from the "Summer of Love" Haight-Ashbury neighborhood just over the hill. In the 1960s and 1970s, the Castro became a "center for gay liberation." Cliff's landlord explained that the rent would be tripling for the store at the end of 1971. At the same time, Bon Ami
, a variety store a few doors away, was going bankrupt and Ernie DeBaca was able to buy the building outright.
The Castro Theatre originally opened at 479 Castro Street in 1910. The building was later remodeled into a retail store in the mid-1920s after the larger Castro Theater was built up the street. At the root of what was to become the best known gay mecca was the politicizing efforts of Harvey Milk, the first openly gay city supervisor in San Francisco, who started the Castro Street Fair and was later assassinated in SF City Hall in 1978. Milk had also started the Castro Village Association to provide an alternative to the "stodgy" Eureka Valley Merchants Association that was not as accepting of the new gay businesses. Milk together with Martha Asten put out information about the new emerging businesses of the Castro. The Castro had become very gay-friendly as gay bars replaced straight ones and Cliff's became the first Castro business to hire openly gay workers. Also in the 1970s, a basement had been excavated for storage.
Ernie of Cliff's Variety created children's Halloween costume contest in the Castro in 1948. By 1979, the Children's Halloween ended as the neighborhood's population shifted from families with children to more single men. But in the mid-90s, the Sisters of Perpetual Indulgence revived Children's Halloween with an annual party held at the Eureka Valley Recreation Center, including a costume contest and gifts from Cliff's.
In the late 1980s, the Hallmark cards business next door was closing up and the space at 471 Castro became available. Sometimes called Cliff's Annex, the new space would house "fabric, linens, bedding, and bath accessories."
References
1936 establishments in California
Buildings and structures in San Francisco
Companies based in San Francisco
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41028676
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ex%20parte%20Alberts
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Ex parte Alberts
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In Ex parte Alberts, an important case in South African insolvency law, the applicant's schedules showed assets to the value of £76 and fifteen creditors (all concurrent) for £300. The court held that, before a court may accept a voluntary surrender,
it must be satisfied that it will be to the advantage of creditors of the debtor if his estate is sequestrated;
the petition must contain a specific allegation that the sequestration will be to the advantage of the creditors; and
the allegation must be amplified by facts supporting it, save when the figures speak for themselves.
The court held that an insufficient case had been made out to show that the sequestration would be to the advantage to the creditors and that the application should be refused.
See also
South African insolvency law
References
Ex parte Alberts 1944 TPD 185.
Notes
1945 in South African law
1945 in case law
South African insolvency case law
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41028678
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Weight%27s%20on%20the%20Wheels
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The Weight's on the Wheels
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The Weight's on the Wheels is the fourth studio album by Canadian indie pop band The Russian Futurists, released on November 16, 2010 on Upper Class Recordings.
Reception
According to Metacritic, The Weight's on the Wheels has a score of 63 out of 100, indicating "generally favorable reviews". One of the most positive reviews came from Robert Christgau, who gave the album an A− grade. In contrast, Matthew Cole of Slant Magazine awarded the album a mere half-star out of five, calling it "a candygram from the heart of a giddy, geeky romantic who has somehow had his rose-tinted frames surgically grafted to his face."
Track listing
References
The Russian Futurists albums
2010 albums
Upper Class Recordings albums
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41028709
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poppin%27%20Apathy
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Poppin' Apathy
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is a song by Japanese musician Kenshi Yonezu. It was released as a double A-side single alongside the song "Mad Head Love" on October 23, 2013 by Universal Signma, on the same day that Yonezu's two self-released Vocaloid albums, Hanataba to Suisō and Official Orange, were re-issued by independent label Boundee by SSNW. Though recorded during sessions for Yonezu's album Yankee (2014), the song was not present on the final track list of the album.
Background and development
In May 2012, Yonezu released Diorama, his third album and first to use his own vocals. It was released under independent label Balloom. The album was written, produced and illustrated entirely by Yonezu himself. The album was commercially successful, debuting at number six on Oricon's albums charts, and was one of the most sold independently released albums of 2012 in Japan.
A year later, Yonezu debuted under major label Universal Music Japan with the single "Santa Maria." Two of the songs were performed with a band, the first time Yonezu had worked like this. The single reached number 12 on chart provider Oricon's singles chart.
A week after the single's release, Yonezu released his first Vocaloid song in two and a half years, called , using Gumi vocals. It was the first time he used a live band on a Vocaloid song.
Writing and production
"Mad Head Love" and "Poppin' Apathy" were written at the same time, based on the theme of a Möbius strip. "Mad Head Love" was "positive" and "high tension", while "Poppin' Apathy" was written as a gloomy, negative song by Yonezu. Because of this, he felt it was right for them to be released together. Originally "Poppin' Apathy" was not planned to be an A-side. When drawing the cover art for "Mad Head Love", he felt it would be interesting to see the characters drawn on the cover from the opposite side. This idea made Yonezu create a design for "Poppin' Apathy", and gave him the idea to release the single as a double A side release. "Poppin' Apathy", along with the single's B-side "Tori ni Demo Naritai" were arranged by Yonezu without a live band, in contrast to the live band sound present on "Mad Head Love". "Poppin' Apathy" was written close to Yonezu's true feelings are when composing. He finds it easy to be too self-conscious and pessimistic, so put these feelings into song.
Promotion and release
The single was first announced in August 2013. Initially, the release date was planned for October 30, 2013, however it was later moved earlier to the 23rd. "Mad Head Love" and "Poppin' Apathy" were first aired on the JFM radio show Yamada Hisashi ni Radian Limited F on September 14, 2013. On September 21 and October 19, 2013 Yonezu held his regular online streaming performances on Ustream. Interviews with Yonezu were featured in the magazines Rockin' On Japan and Marquee around the release of the single.
Music video
A music video for "Poppin' Apathy" was released online on October 12, 2013 (three weeks after "Mad Head Love"), and was directed by Sojiro Kamitani, who also directed the video for "Mad Head Love". Both videos featured similar settings, and "Poppin' Apathy" depicts a room in a darker, more cluttered environment than "Mad Head Love". It shows Yonezu by himself, performing chemistry experiments and using tools such as saws and drills to create objects. Similar strange moving objects are shown in the video as well, such as a machine to draw an oval in pencil on a piece of paper. The objects are dysfunctional, and often fall over or break. Other scenes show mixing equipment and monitors. The video features a golden Fender Stratocaster guitar.
Reception
Commercially, the single debuted at number 11 on Oricon's singles chart, selling 6,300 copies. In total, it has sold 8,000 copies, under-performing Yonezu's previous single "Santa Maria".
Track listing
Personnel
Personnel details were sourced from an interview with Yonezu, as well as Yankees liner notes booklet.Performance credits'
Masuo Arimatsu – drum technician
Kazutaka Minemori – guitar technician
Masashi Uramoto – recording, mixing
Kenshi Yonezu – all instruments, arrangement, lyrics, guitar, music, production, programming, vocals
Chart rankings
All figures pertain to the "Mad Head Love" / "Poppin' Apathy" physical single release.
Sales
Release history
References
2013 singles
2013 songs
Japanese-language songs
Kenshi Yonezu songs
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41028721
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Citadel%20Bulldogs%20basketball%2C%201995%E2%80%931999
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The Citadel Bulldogs basketball, 1995–1999
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The Citadel Bulldogs basketball teams represented The Citadel, The Military College of South Carolina in Charleston, South Carolina, United States. The program was established in 1900–01, and has continuously fielded a team since 1912–13. Their primary rivals are College of Charleston, Furman and VMI.
1994–95
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|colspan=7 align=center|1995 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
1995–96
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|colspan=7 align=center|1996 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
1996–97
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|colspan=7 align=center|1997 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
1997–98
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|colspan=7 align=center|1998 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
1998–99
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|colspan=7 align=center|1999 Southern Conference men's basketball tournament
References
The Citadel Bulldogs basketball seasons
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41028731
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norddalsfjord
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Norddalsfjord
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Norddal or Norddalsfjord is a village in Kinn Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village lies along the Norddalsfjorden at the entrance to the Solheimsdalen valley. It sits at the mouth of the Norddalselva river on a small peninsula that sticks out into the fjord. The village lies along Norwegian County Road 544 about east of the town of Florø, and about northeast of the Norddalsfjord Bridge. Nordal Church is located in the small village, serving the northeastern part of the municipality.
References
Villages in Vestland
Kinn
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41028745
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Epibulus
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Epibulus
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Epibulus is a genus of wrasses native to the Indian Ocean and the western Pacific Ocean.
Species
The currently recognized species in this genus are:
Epibulus brevis Carlson, J. E. Randall & M. N. Dawson, 2008 (latent sling-jaw wrasse)
Epibulus insidiator (Pallas, 1770) (sling-jaw wrasse)
References
Labridae
Marine fish genera
Taxa named by Georges Cuvier
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41028794
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scale%20Venture%20Partners
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Scale Venture Partners
|
Scale Venture Partners is an early-stage venture capital firm that invests in Series A and Series B rounds. Scale has invested in over 380 Cloud, SaaS, and infrastructure companies over the past 20 years. Of these investments, 159 have resulted in exits, including IPOs for companies like Bill.com, Box, DocuSign, HubSpot, RingCentral, Root Insurance, and WalkMe.
Scale believes that innovations in Cloud, AI, machine learning, and data are combining to transform enterprise software and infrastructure through what the company calls "Cognitive Applications". Today, Scale continues to make early investments in markets like DataOps, DevOps, Digital Health, Fintech, Infrastructure, Open Source, Productivity, Vertical SaaS, Security, and AI-enabled apps.
Scale offers a Scaling Platform that uses executive networks, go-to-market playbooks, private communities, and Scale Studio benchmarks to help startups founder-led growth to a repeatable go-to-market machine.
Scale launched a data-product, Scale Studio, in 2018 to analyze and benchmark SaaS-metrics “Vital Signs” like: growth, efficiency, churn and burn.
Scale is based in Foster City, California.
History
The firm was founded in 2000 as BA Venture Partners, and functioned as the venture capital arm of Bank of America, where it raised its first two funds.
In 2007, the firm spun out from Bank of America and changed its name to Scale Venture Partners. Scale's $600 million Fund VII was launched in December 2020.
SaaS and cloud investments
Scale invests in enterprise software startups that are between $500,000 $5,000,000 in annual revenue, within SaaS and Cloud, Scale focuses on markets like: AI and ML, productivity, open source, cybersecurity, dev-ops, big data and automation for industries that have traditionally been low-tech.
Investments of note include:
BigID
Bill.com
Box.com
CircleCI
CloudHealth
DemandBase
Docusign
ExactTarget
Expel
Forter
Honeycomb
Hubspot
JFrog
KeepTruckin
Locus Robotics
Omniture
OneLogin
Papaya Global
PerimiterX
RingCentral
Root
Scout RFP
Socure
Spruce
Treasure Data
WalkMe
Wrike
Scale Studio SaaS metrics and benchmarks
Scale Studio is a free data-product that launched in July 2018 that analyzes financials and operating metrics from 1000+ private companies and provides SaaS-metrics and benchmarks for startup “Vital Signs” like: growth, efficiency, churn and burn.
The platform asks users to input their financial and operational data, and then produces a report which benchmarks performance against thousands of quarters of data from similar companies.
References
External links
Financial services companies established in 2000
Venture capital firms of the United States
Companies based in Foster City, California
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41028796
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerusalem%20Chamber
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Jerusalem Chamber
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The Jerusalem Chamber is a room in what was formerly the abbot's house of Westminster Abbey. The room overlooks the main west door of the abbey. It was added in the fourteenth century. The abbot's house was made the deanery when the monastery was dissolved in 1540.
Henry IV of England died in the Jerusalem Chamber on 20 March 1413, and the Committee to write the King James Version of the Bible met there in 1611. The Upper House of Convocation often met there, and the Westminster Assembly met there from the Winter of 1643 until its dissolution.
The Jerusalem Chamber is referenced in act IV of William Shakespeare’s play Henry IV, Part 2.
References
Individual rooms
Westminster Abbey
Westminster Assembly
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41028847
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spring%20Creek%20High%20School
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Spring Creek High School
|
Spring Creek High School may refer to:
Spring Creek High School (Nevada)
Spring Creek High School (North Carolina), Seven Springs, North Carolina
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41028853
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steroids%20%28journal%29
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Steroids (journal)
|
Steroids is a monthly peer-reviewed international scientific journal covering all aspects of steroid hormones, such as biological aspects of steroidal moieties.
It was established in 1963 and is published by Elsevier. The editors-in-chief are R.B. Hochberg (Yale University) and W. Rosner (Mount Sinai Morningside). According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2013 impact factor of 2.716.
References
External links
Endocrinology journals
Academic journals established in 1963
Elsevier academic journals
Monthly journals
English-language journals
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41028873
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madhuca%20endertii
|
Madhuca endertii
|
Madhuca endertii is a plant in the family Sapotaceae.
Description
Madhuca endertii grows as a tree up to tall, with a trunk diameter of up to . Inflorescences bear up to three flowers. The fruits are ellipsoid, up to long.
Distribution and habitat
Madhuca endertii is endemic to Borneo. Its habitat is montane forests from altitude.
Conservation
Madhuca endertii has been assessed as vulnerable on the IUCN Red List. The species is threatened by logging and conversion of land for palm oil plantations.
References
endertii
Endemic flora of Borneo
Trees of Borneo
Plants described in 1927
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41028922
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demetrios%20Palaiologos%20Kantakouzenos
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Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos
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Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos (; ) was the mesazon (chief minister) of the Emperors John VIII Palaiologos and his brother, Constantine XI. His colleague in the office as mesazon was Loukas Notaras.
Demetrios first appears in history as one of the courtiers who advised John VIII to support the Ottoman prince Mustafa in his bid to seize control of the Ottoman Empire on the death of his brother Mehmet I in 1421. When Mehmet's son Murat emerged as the victor, he was selected as one of the envoys (the other two being Matthew Laskaris and Angelos Philomattes) to meet with Murat. The Sultan showed his annoyance that the Byzantines had supported his uncle by putting them in prison; none of them were released until the conclusion of a treaty between John VIII and Murat in February 1424.
He played other prominent roles in diplomatic affairs as mesazon to the two emperors. He was a witness to John's treaties with the Republic of Venice in September 1423, May 1431, October 1436, September 1442, and July 1447. He also played a heroic part in the final defense of Constantinople; according to Donald Nicol, he commanded a unit of 700 men stationed in the neighborhood of the Church of the Holy Apostles with his son-in-law Nikephoros Palaiologos, while Steven Runciman assigns him to a command of a portion of the Theodosian Walls next to the Sea of Marmora.
Demetrios' fate following the fall of Constantinople to Sultan Mehmet II's army is unclear. Du Cange writes that he and his son-in-law were killed defending the city; Steven Runciman writes that Demetrios was captured alive. Donald Nicol notes that a Demetrios Kantakouzenos is recorded as escaping from the fallen city, with his family and other refugees, on the ship of the Genoese admiral Zorzi Doria. Doria took them as far as Chios, where the Venetian captain Thomas Celsi gave them passage to Candia (modern Heraklion) in Crete. Nicol also mentions the record of the daughter of "one Demetrios Kantakouzenos and his wife Simonis Gadelina, called Maria" marrying Theodore, the son of Paul Palaiologos, in Corfu in November 1486.
Nicol offers no information on the names of Demetrios Palaiologos Kantakouzenos' parents, although he states that Demetrios was the cousin of Emperor John VIII. The name of his wife has not come down to us, although he had a daughter who, as mentioned above, married Nikephoros Palaiologos, and Demetrios is presumed to be the father of a protostrator Kantakouzenos who was executed along with Loukas Notaras and Andronikos Palaiologos Kantakouzenos five days after the capture of the city.
References
Sources
15th-century Byzantine people
Kantakouzenos family
Byzantine officials
Byzantine diplomats
Byzantine people of the Byzantine–Ottoman wars
15th-century diplomats
Byzantine Empire–Republic of Venice relations
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41028947
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second%20Presbyterian%20Church%20%28Charleston%2C%20South%20Carolina%29
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Second Presbyterian Church (Charleston, South Carolina)
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The Second Presbyterian Church is the fourth oldest church in Charleston, South Carolina.
History
Fifteen men began planning for Second Presbyterian Church in 1809. The Reverend Andrew Flinn organized the congregation to accommodate the growing congregation at First (Scots) Presbyterian Church on lower Meeting Street. The new church was built at 342 Meeting St., Charleston, South Carolina at the then substantial cost of $100,000, and on April 3, 1811, it was dedicated as "The Second Presbyterian Church of Charleston and Its Suburbs." The land had been obtained from the Wragg family. An act of the state legislature authorized the holding of a public lottery to raise funds for the building.
Thomas Smyth served as minister for more than forty years in the nineteenth century, from 1832 until his death in 1873.
Architecture
The church, built in the Jeffersonian style is the fourth oldest church structure in the city. The brothers James and John Gordon were both the builders and the architects. The church's steeple was not completed due to structural issues that developed in its tower. The church bell was given to the Confederacy in 1862 for use as cannon metal. Before the Civil War, the galleries were used by the church's more than 200 black members. The sanctuary was completely renovated after a fire in 1959. Situated on one of the highest points in the city, the church appeared on mariners' maps as "Flynn's Church," so called after the first pastor.
The Classic Revival sanctuary is stuccoed brick with two tiers of windows, a square tower with an octagonal belfry, and a tetra Tuscan portico. The size of the sanctuary presented a problem because it strained the voices of the ministers. Therefore, in 1833 the floor was raised three feet, the ceiling lowered sixteen feet, and the rear wall of the nave moved to enlarge the vestibule. In addition, side doors on the north and south were closed and pews were added. The pews used today were installed in 1849. Church pews were rented with the rental fee also purchasing a space in the cemetery plot. This custom ended in 1924, but the numbers on the pews remain.
Wragg Square
In front of the church is a long open space known as Wragg Square because it was dedicated to the public by the wealthy Wragg family from their extensive holdings in the neighborhood. In 1935, the city considered using Works Progress Administration funds to build a public auditorium on Wragg Square, but the church opposed the plans based on its long history as an open space. The auditorium was not built.
References
Churches in Charleston, South Carolina
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41028963
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historic%20downtown%20Chihuahua
|
Historic downtown Chihuahua
|
Chihuahua's historic downtown is one of the most important business districts of the city. The downtown is home to a shopping hub called Libertad Street, and contains most of the historical landmarks of the capital city, including the Cathedral of Chihuahua, Museo Casa Chihuahua (Former Federal Palace), Museo Casa Juarez (House to the president Benito Juarez during a short period in the 1860s) and the celebrated Quinta Gameros, one of the finest examples of early 20th century architecture in the whole state of Chihuahua.
Starting in 2012 a huge project of regeneration began to change the Downtown's image, including a refurbishment of the main square, a tunnel and the closure of several streets to automobile traffic, opening a whole new pedestrian promenade, this urban phenomenon is usually called pedestrianisation. The first phase of this project finished in 2013, but further improvements are being developed, for example the opening of the Judicial City and the construction of a new Legislative see.
History
Chihuahua was founded on October 12, 1709. Among the surviving buildings from this period we find the cathedral, the San Francisco Temple, the Santa Rita Church and the Aqueduct.
Buildings
Museums
Museum of Sacred Art.
Townhall.
Casa Chihuahua Museum
Center of Municipal Development (CDS)
Constitutional Museum.
Government Palace of Chihuahua
UACH main offices (Autonomous University of Chihuahua).
theatres
colonial theatre
Parinfo
museums
References
stmedia
museums
Chihuahua City
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41028978
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982%E2%80%9383%20Kentucky%20Wildcats%20men%27s%20basketball%20team
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1982–83 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team
|
The 1982–83 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented University of Kentucky in the 1982–83 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Joe B. Hall and the team finished the season with an overall record of 23–8.
Roster
Schedule and results
|-
!colspan=9 style=| Regular Season
|-
!colspan=9 style=| SEC Tournament
|-
!colspan=9 style=| NCAA Tournament
Rankings
References
Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball seasons
Kentucky
Kentucky
Kentucky Wildcats
Kentucky Wildcats
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41028993
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chen%20Haosu
|
Chen Haosu
|
Chen Haosu (born 1942) is a Chinese poet and politician. He served as Chairman of the Chinese People's Association for Friendship with Foreign Countries from 2000 to 2011. He is also President of the China International Friendship Cities Association, China-Russia Friendship Association and China-EU Association.
Born in May 1942, Chen is son of the late Marshal and Foreign Minister Chen Yi.
He graduated from the University of Science and Technology of China with a Bachelor's Degree in Science
and served successively as Secretary of the China Youth League Central Committee,
Deputy Secretary of the CPC Fengtai Committee,
Vice Mayor for the Beijing Municipality,
Vice Minister of the Film and Television Bureau
and member of the 9th CCPCC National Committee.
Apart from his political involvement, Chen used to be researcher at the PLA Academy of Military Science.
He now serves in the Global Executive Committee and as Asia-Pacific President of the United Cities and Local Governments.
He is also a published poet.
Works
Honors
Order of Friendship of Russia, 1992.
Order of Merit of Ukraine, 3rd Class, 2010.
Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd Class, Gold and Silver Star, 2012.
References
1942 births
Living people
Beijing Foreign Studies University alumni
Beijing No. 4 High School alumni
Chinese Esperantists
Chinese Communist Party politicians from Jiangsu
Deputy mayors of Beijing
21st-century Chinese poets
People's Republic of China politicians from Jiangsu
Poets from Jiangsu
Politicians from Yancheng
University of Science and Technology of China alumni
Writers from Yancheng
Nanyang Model High School alumni
Recipients of the Order of Merit (Ukraine), 3rd class
Recipients of the Order of the Rising Sun, 2nd class
Delegates to the 4th National People's Congress
Delegates to the 5th National People's Congress
Delegates to the 6th National People's Congress
Members of the 9th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Members of the Standing Committee of the 10th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
Members of the Standing Committee of the 11th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference
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41029004
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTEP%20Open%20Source%20Research%20Lab
|
UTEP Open Source Research Lab
|
The UTEP Open Source Research Lab's goal is to build the most comprehensive unclassified database on group-based violence in the Western Hemisphere. It performs open source research, exploitation, and analysis of transnational criminal activities including:
Cartel-related violence
Cross-border violence
Immigration-related extremist activities
Immigration-related terrorist activities
Narcotics trafficking
Transnational organized crime activity
The region that the Open Source Research Lab focuses on is in Mexico and along the US border with Mexico, and Latin America.
Criticism
The lab is under scrutiny because it was started and run until recently by S. Fernando Rodriguez, then director of UTEP's Criminal Justice Program. Rodriguez is on paid administrative leave while administrators decide what to do because he did not report outside work worth more than $1 million as required by university rules.
References
External links
- dead link 23:36, 14 November 2018 (UTC)
University of Texas at El Paso
|
41029005
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snakeskin%20wrasse
|
Snakeskin wrasse
|
The snakeskin wrasse (Eupetrichthys angustipes), also known as the slender parrotfish or slender wrasse, is a species of wrasse native to the coastal waters of southern Australia. It inhabits rocky reefs down to about . This species grows to a standard length of . This species is the only known member of its genus.
The snakeskin wrasse can be recognised by its shape and colour. It is often observed swimming slightly above the seabed, with its head pointing obliquely upwards.
The snakeskin wrasse is a small slim wrasse with variable colouration and patterning; its body can be greyish, maroon, brownish or dark green above, which is sharply demarcated from the pale underside. There are five wide oblique bands along the flanks and irregular dark spots on the head. These fish swim in short bursts near the sea bed, at an angle with the head held up and making a nodding motion. At rest, they often adopt a curled position, or lie on their sides, raising the heads away from the bottom.
References
Labridae
Fish described in 1888
|
41029015
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fons%20van%20de%20Vijver
|
Fons van de Vijver
|
Alphonsius Josephus Rachel (Fons) van de Vijver (4 October 1952 – 1 June 2019) was a Dutch psychologist and Professor of Cross-cultural Psychology at Tilburg University, North-West University, University of Queensland, and National Research University Higher School of Economics. He was known for his work on cross-cultural research and on methods of comparisons.
Van de Vijver was born in Koewacht on 4 October 1952. He received both his MA and in 1991 his PhD in Psychology from Tilburg University. He was appointed Professor of Cross-cultural Psychology at Tilburg University, and was also Professor at the North-West University in South Africa and the University of Queensland in Australia. In 2013, he received the APA Award for Distinguished Contributions to the International Advancement of Psychology.
Van de Vijver died in Maidenwell, Queensland on 1 June 2019 following a brain haemorrhage at the age of 66.
Selected publications
Van de Vijver authored and co-authored many publications in his field of expertise. Below is a selection:
Harkness, Janet A., Fons JR Van de Vijver, and Peter Ph Mohler. Cross-cultural survey methods. J. Wiley, 2003.
Matsumoto, D., & van de Vijver, F. J. R. (2011). Cross-cultural research methods in psychology. (D. Matsumoto & F. J. R. van de Vijver, Eds.). New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press.
Van de Vijver, Fons JR. Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Vol. 1. Sage, 1997.
van de Vijver, F. J. R., & Leung, K. (1997). Methods and data analysis for cross-cultural research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Van de Vijver, Fons, and Ronald K. Hambleton. "Translating tests: Some practical guidelines." European Psychologist 1.2 (1996): 89.
References
1952 births
2019 deaths
Dutch psychologists
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam alumni
Tilburg University alumni
Academic staff of Tilburg University
Academic staff of North-West University
Academic staff of the University of Queensland
People from Terneuzen
|
41029030
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bafinivirus
|
Bafinivirus
|
Bafinivirus is a genus in the subfamily Piscanivirinae. It contains two species, one being White bream virus (WBV) which was isolated from white bream in Germany.
References
External links
Bafinivirus Viral Zone
Nidovirales
Zoonoses
Virus genera
|
41029037
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontilabrus%20caeruleus
|
Frontilabrus caeruleus
|
Frontilabrus caeruleus is a species of wrasse native to the Indian Ocean waters around the Maldives. This species grows to a standard length of . It has also been displayed in public aquaria. This species is the only known member of its genus.
References
Labridae
Taxa named by John Ernest Randall
Endemic fauna of the Maldives
Fish described in 1989
|
41029049
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billabalong%20Station
|
Billabalong Station
|
Billabalong Station is a pastoral lease that once operated as a sheep station but currently operates as cattle station in Western Australia.
It was located north of Mullewa and west of Cue in the Mid West region. The Murchison River runs along the eastern boundary of the property.
The station currently occupies an area of leasehold and
freehold. The homestead was built in the early 1900s and has five bedrooms and two bathrooms. The property also has a hangar, two workshops, generator shed, four sets of cattle yards, and a shearing shed with quarters. The lands are divided into 17 paddocks and watered by 23 wells, 16 bores and 38 windmills and was supporting a herd of 450 cattle in 2013, but able to carry a total of 8,000 head.
The property was acquired by a partnership between Andrew Dempster and John Chow Miller in 1893 from the executors of the late Thomas Burges. The partnership dissolved after financial disputes and the property, along with Berin Station, were put up for auction in 1897. Billabalong comprised a total of , had a six-room homestead, stone shearing shed and of fencing. It was stocked with 7,000 sheep, 1,400 head of cattle and 100 horses.
Following Dempster's death the executors of his will put the property up for auction in 1909. At this stage it occupied an area of and was stocked with 12,000 sheep, 2,500 head of cattle and 71 horses. The property was passed in with the highest bid being £21,000.
The Darlot brothers had acquired Billabalong and Byro Stations in 1914. Billabalong had lost the northern portion of the leasehold, it having been acquired by J. & C. Butcher in August 1913. The southern portion acquired by the Darlots only occupied and was running 15,000 sheep and 600 cattle. The Darlots intended to make many improvements and use Byro for breeding and Billabalong as a depot.
Angus Campbell, who had opened up Boologooroo, was appointed as station manager in 1916 and the station progressed under his management, producing the highest wool clip to pass through Geraldton in 1919. Campbell died of heart failure in 1939 while still in charge of the property.
Following Cylone Emma in 2006, both Billabalong and Twinpeaks station were isolated from surrounding areas after the Murchison River inundated the area. Several stations in the area remained under water for over a month and farmers requested urgent assistance from the government to help alleviate losses.
See also
List of ranches and stations
References
Further reading
Stations in the Mid West (Western Australia)
Shire of Murchison
|
41029053
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glenn%20Marine%20Group
|
Glenn Marine Group
|
Glenn Marine Group is a Singapore-based supplier of maritime services including naval logistics and the operation of shore-base support including cruise terminals and port-operations.
History
The company was formed as Glenn Marine Enterprise in 1946 in Penang, Malaya, providing chandler services to ships using the Swettenham Pier.
Glenn Defense Marine Asia
In September 2013, a subsidiary of the company, ship support contractor Glenn Defense Marine Asia (GDMA), became the central public focus of an ongoing investigation into a corruption scandal within the US Navy. In 2010, Navy officials became suspicious that some of the bills submitted by the GDMA company from Thailand were padded. According to prosecutors investigating the case, the company overcharged the Navy for goods and services by an amount that exceeded 20 million dollars. The company's chief executive, president and chairman, Leonard Glenn Francis, also known as 'Fat Leonard,' allegedly recruited a network of moles within the Navy's United States Seventh Fleet and the Naval Criminal Investigative Service (NCIS), who would provide him with classified operational schedules of Navy ships, and alert him when naval auditors tried to investigate suspicious business transactions with Glenn Marine. In exchange, prosecutors charge that Francis would supply the navy officials with prostitutes, travel expenses and other perks.
Subsidiaries
Glenn Defense Marine Asia (GDMA)
Glenn Marine Logistics Base (GMLB)
Glenn Ports & Cruise Terminals (GPCT)
References
Companies of Singapore
United States military scandals
Private military contractors
Companies established in 1946
1946 establishments in British Malaya
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41029058
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vietnam%27s%20Next%20Top%20Model%20%28season%204%29
|
Vietnam's Next Top Model (season 4)
|
Vietnam's Next Top Model, Cycle 4 is the fourth season of Vietnam's Next Top Model. It was broadcast on VTV in 2013, featuring 18 finalists including 8 male and 10 female contestants.
This is the first year the show includes male contestants in addition to female contestants in previous years. The change was made after the 20th season of America's Next Top Model, which opened to male models.
When its audition round kicked off in August, the show attracted 1,200 participants, the highest number of applicants so far.
Fashion designer Do Manh Cuong and makeup specialist Nam Trung, previous season's judges, stayed on the jury this year. The board welcomed two new judges, supermodel Thanh Hang, and famed Australian catwalk coach Adam Williams (briefly appearance due to become a judge on Asia's Next Top Model (cycle 2))
J. Alexander appeared as a special guest judge in the final show.
The winner received a prize of up to VND2 billion (US$95,080). The top candidates had chances to get trained in Paris.
The season premiered on October 6, 2013 at 8pm every Sunday on VTV3.
The winner was 21-year-old Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy from Hồ Chí Minh City.
Nguyen Tran Trung competed Vietnam Supermodel Contest 2015 at Breeze Model
Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai became one of the 14 finalists in the fourth cycle of Asia's Next Top Model, where she placed 12th. She also competed Miss Universe Vietnam and The Face Vietnam, where her place as Co-Runner-up.
Do Tran Kim Ngan competed Miss World Vietnam 2014 as place 14th.
Nguyen Thi Cha Mi competed in the All-stars season of this series, where she placed Co-Runner-Up with Thùy Dương, and the only person both appeared at the final round.
Duong Mac Anh Quan appeared in The Face Men Thailand (season 2), however was eliminated for not was chosen as team.
Cycle 4 winner Mau Thi Thanh Thuy also competed Miss Universe Vietnam 2017 and she became the 2nd Runner-Up.
Contestants
Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai became one of the 14 finalists in the fourth cycle of Asia's Next Top Model
Episodes
Episode 1
Original Airdate:
This was the casting episode. The eighteen finalists were chosen.
Episode 2
Original Airdate:
First call-out: Trần Quang Đại
Bottom two: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy & Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Eliminated: None
Episode 3
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Nguyễn Thị Chà Mi
First call-out: Nguyễn Thị Chà Mi
Bottom five: Đỗ Thị Kim Ngân, Lê Uyên Phương Thảo, Lê Văn Kiên, Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai & Nguyễn Quốc Minh Tòng
Eliminated: Đỗ Thị Kim Ngân, Lê Uyên Phương Thảo, Ngô Thị Quỳnh Mai & Nguyễn Quốc Minh Tòng
Episode 4
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy
First call-out: Lê Văn Kiên
Bottom three: Đinh Hà Thu, Phan Thị Thùy Linh & Tạ Thúc Bình
Eliminated: Phan Thị Thùy Linh & Tạ Thúc Bình
Episode 5
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Vũ Tuấn Việt
First call-out: Dương Mạc Anh Quân
Bottom two: Phạm Thị Kim Thoa & Trần Mạnh Kiên
Eliminated: Phạm Thị Kim Thoa
Episode 6
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Trần Mạnh Kiên
First call-out: Vũ Tuấn Việt
Bottom two: Lê Văn Kiên & Trần Mạnh Kiên
Eliminated: Trần Mạnh Kiên
Episode 7
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Đinh Hà Thu
First call-out: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy
Bottom three: Đinh Hà Thu, Nguyễn Trần Trung & Trần Quang Đại
Eliminated: Đinh Hà Thu & Nguyễn Trần Trung
Episode 8
Original Airdate:
Challenge winner: Dương Mạc Anh Quân
First call-out: Nguyễn Thị Hằng
Bottom two: Lê Văn Kiên & Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Eliminated: Nguyễn Thị Thanh
Episode 9
Original Airdate:
Challenge winners: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy & Vũ Tuấn Việt
First call-out: Nguyễn Thị Chà Mi
Bottom two: Dương Mạc Anh Quân & Trần Quang Đại
Eliminated: Trần Quang Đại
Episode 10
Original Airdate:
First call-out: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy
Bottom three: Dương Mạc Anh Quân, Nguyễn Thị Hằng & Vũ Tuấn Việt
Eliminated: Dương Mạc Anh Quân & Nguyễn Thị Hằng
Episode 11
Original Airdate:
Final four: Lê Văn Kiên, Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy, Nguyễn Thị Chà Mi & Vũ Tuấn Việt
Eliminated: Lê Văn Kiên & Nguyễn Thị Chà Mi
Final two: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy & Vũ Tuấn Việt
Vietnam's Next Top Model 2013: Mâu Thị Thanh Thủy
Summaries
Call-out order
The contestant was in a non-elimination bottom two.
The contestant was eliminated
The contestant won the competition
Episode 2 featured non-eliminations.
Episode 3 featured multiple eliminations.
Episodes 4, 7, 10, and the first part of 11 featured double eliminations.
Average call-out order
Episode 1 is not included
Photo Shoot Guide
Episode 1 Photo Shoot: Full Body Shots (Casting)
Episode 2 Photo Shoots: Beauty from smile
Episode 3 Photo Shoot: Energy
Episode 4 Photo Shoot: Beauty Shots with Zalora's
Episode 5 Photo Shoot: Posing with an Ostrich
Episode 6 Photo Shoot: Lighting Oneself
Episode 7 Photo Shoot: Traditional Clothing at Cham Temple
Episode 8 Photo Shoot: Led Lights Circus Shoot
Episode 9 Photo Shoot: Gods and Goddesses in Singapore
Episode 10 Commercial and Photo Shoot: Bourjois Lipstick Adverts; F Magazine Covers in Paris
Episode 11 Photo Shoot: Love my Heart
Judges
Thanh Hằng (Host)
Đinh Nam Trung
Đỗ Mạnh Cường
Adam Williams
References
External links
Official Website
Vietnam's Next Top Model
2010s Vietnamese television series
2013 Vietnamese television seasons
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41029065
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White%20bream%20virus
|
White bream virus
|
White bream virus is a species of virus. It is the sole species in the subgenus Blicbavirus, which is in the genus Bafinivirus. It was first isolated from white bream (Blicca bjoerkna) in Germany. It is a bacilliform (rod-shaped) positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus.
References
Nidovirales
Zoonoses
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41029085
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hexagonal%20sampling
|
Hexagonal sampling
|
A multidimensional signal is a function of M independent variables where . Real world signals, which are generally continuous time signals, have to be discretized (sampled) in order to ensure that digital systems can be used to process the signals. It is during this process of discretization where sampling comes into picture. Although there are many ways of obtaining a discrete representation of a continuous time signal, periodic sampling is by far the simplest scheme. Theoretically, sampling can be performed with respect to any set of points. But practically, sampling is carried out with respect to a set of points that have a certain algebraic structure. Such structures are called lattices. Mathematically, the process of sampling an -dimensional signal can be written as:
where is continuous domain M-dimensional vector (M-D) that is being sampled, is an M-dimensional integer vector corresponding to indices of a sample, and V is an sampling matrix.
Motivation
Multidimensional sampling provides the opportunity to look at digital methods to process signals. Some of the advantages of processing signals in the digital domain include flexibility via programmable DSP operations, signal storage without the loss of fidelity, opportunity for encryption in communication, lower sensitivity to hardware tolerances. Thus, digital methods are simultaneously both powerful and flexible. In many applications, they act as less expensive alternatives to their analog counterparts. Sometimes, the algorithms implemented using digital hardware are so complex that they have no analog counterparts. Multidimensional digital signal processing deals with processing signals represented as multidimensional arrays such as 2-D sequences or sampled images. Processing these signals in the digital domain permits the use of digital hardware where in signal processing operations are specified by algorithms. As real world signals are continuous time signals, multidimensional sampling plays a crucial role in discretizing the real world signals. The discrete time signals are in turn processed using digital hardware to extract information from the signal.
Preliminaries
Region of Support
The region outside of which the samples of the signal take zero values is known as the Region of support (ROS). From the definition, it is clear that the region of support of a signal is not unique.
Fourier transform
The Fourier transform is a tool that allows us to simplify mathematical operations performed on the signal. The transform basically represents any signal as a weighted combination of sinusoids. The Fourier and the inverse Fourier transform of an M-dimensional signal can be defined as follows:
The cap symbol ^ indicates that the operation is performed on vectors. The Fourier transform of the sampled signal is observed to be a periodic extension of the continuous time Fourier transform of the signal. This is mathematically represented as:
where and is the periodicity matrix where ~ denotes matrix transposition.
Thus sampling in the spatial domain results in periodicity in the Fourier domain.
Aliasing
A band limited signal may be periodically replicated in many ways. If the replication results in an overlap between replicated regions, the signal suffers from aliasing. Under such conditions, a continuous time signal cannot be perfectly recovered from its samples. Thus in order to ensure perfect recovery of the continuous signal, there must be zero overlap multidimensional sampling of the replicated regions in the transformed domain. As in the case of 1-dimensional signals, aliasing can be prevented if the continuous time signal is sampled at an adequate sufficiently high rate.
Sampling density
It is a measure of the number of samples per unit area. It is defined as:
.
The minimum number of samples per unit area required to completely recover the continuous time signal is termed as optimal sampling density. In applications where memory or processing time are limited, emphasis must be given to minimizing the number of samples required to represent the signal completely.
Existing approaches
For a bandlimited waveform, there are infinitely many ways the signal can be sampled without producing aliases in the Fourier domain. But only two strategies are commonly used: rectangular sampling and hexagonal sampling.
Rectangular and Hexagonal sampling
In rectangular sampling, a 2-dimensional signal, for example, is sampled according to the following V matrix:
where T1 and T2 are the sampling periods along the horizontal and vertical direction respectively.
In hexagonal sampling, the V matrix assumes the following general form:
The difference in the efficiency of the two schemes is highlighted using a bandlimited signal with a circular region of support of radius R. The circle can be inscribed in a square of length 2R or a regular hexagon of length . Consequently, the region of support is now transformed into a square and a hexagon respectively.
If these regions are periodically replicated in the frequency domain such that there is zero overlap between any two regions, then by periodically replicating the square region of support, we effectively sample the continuous signal on a rectangular lattice. Similarly periodic replication of the hexagonal region of support maps to sampling the continuous signal on a hexagonal lattice.
From U, the periodicity matrix, we can calculate the optimal sampling density for both the rectangular and hexagonal schemes. It is found that in order to completely recover the circularly band-limited signal, the hexagonal sampling scheme requires 13.4% fewer samples than the rectangular sampling scheme. The reduction may appear to be of little significance for a 2-dimensional signal. But as the dimensionality of the signal increases, the efficiency of the hexagonal sampling scheme will become far more evident. For instance, the reduction achieved for an 8-dimensional signal is 93.8%.
To highlight the importance of the obtained result , try and visualize an image as a collection of infinite number of samples. The primary entity responsible for vision, i.e. the photoreceptors (rods and cones) are present on the retina of all mammals. These cells are not arranged in rows and columns. By adapting a hexagonal sampling scheme, our eyes are able to process images much more efficiently. The importance of hexagonal sampling lies in the fact that the photoreceptors of the human vision system lie on a hexagonal sampling lattice and, thus, perform hexagonal sampling. In fact, it can be shown that the hexagonal sampling scheme is the optimal sampling scheme for a circularly band-limited signal.
Applications
Aliasing effects minimized by the use of optimal sampling grids
Recent advances in the CCD technology has made hexagonal sampling feasible for real life applications. Historically, because of technology constraints, detector arrays were implemented only on 2-dimensional rectangular sampling lattices with rectangular shape detectors. But the super [CCD] detector introduced by Fuji has an octagonal shaped pixel in a hexagonal grid. Theoretically, the performance of the detector was greatly increased by introducing an octagonal pixel. The number of pixels required to represent the sample was reduced and there was significant improvement in the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) when compared with that of a rectangular pixel. But the drawback of using hexagonal pixels is that the associated fill factor will be less than 82%. An alternative method would be to interpolate hexagonal pixels in such a manner that we ultimately end up with a rectangular grid. The Spot 5 satellite incorporates a similar technique where two identical linear CCD's transmit two quasi-identical images that are shifted by half a pixel. On interpolating the two images and processing them, the functioning of a detector with a hexagonal pixel is mimicked.
Hexagonal structure for Intelligent vision
One of the major challenges encountered in the field of computer graphics is to represent the real world continuous signal as a discrete set of points on the physical screen. It has been long known that hexagonal sampling grids have several benefits compared to rectangular grids. Peterson and Middleton investigated sampling and reconstruction of wave number limited M dimensional functions and came to the conclusion that the optimal sampling lattice, in general, is not hexagonal.
Russell M. Mersereau developed hexagonal discrete Fourier transform (DFT) and hexagonal finite extent impulse response filters. He was able to show that for circularly bandlimited signals, hexagonal sampling is more efficient than rectangular sampling. Cramblitt and Allebach developed methods for designing optimal hexagonal time-sequential sampling patterns and discussed their merits relative to those designed for a rectangular sampling grid.
One of the unique features of a hexagonal sampling grid is that its Fourier transform is still hexagonal. There is also an inverse relationship between the distance between successive rows and columns (assuming the samples are located at the centre of the hexagon). This inverse relationship plays a huge role in minimizing aliasing and maximizing the minimum sampling density. Quantization error is bound to be present when discretizing continuous real world signals. Experiments have been performed to determine which detector configuration will yield the least quantization error. Hexagonal spatial sampling was found to yield the least quantization error for a given resolution of the sensor.
Consistent connectivity of hexagonal grids: In a hexagonal grid, we can define only a background of 6 neighborhood samples. However, in a square grid, we can define a background of 4 or 8 neighborhood samples (if diagonal connectivity is permitted). Because of the absence of such a choice in Hexagonal grids, efficient algorithms can be designed. Consistent connectivity is also responsible for better angular resolution. This is why hexagonal lattice is much better at representing curved objects than the rectangular lattice. Despite of these several advantages, hexagonal grids have not been used practically in computer vision to its maximum potential because of the lack of hardware to process, capture and display hexagonal based images. As highlighted earlier with the Spot 5 satellite, one of the methods being looked at to overcome this hardware difficulty is to mimic hexagonal pixels using square pixels.
References
Computer graphics
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41029105
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20Texas%E2%80%93Arlington%20Mavericks%20men%27s%20basketball%20team
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2013–14 Texas–Arlington Mavericks men's basketball team
|
The 2013–14 Texas–Arlington Mavericks men's basketball team represented the University of Texas at Arlington during the 2013–14 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Mavericks, led by eighth year head coach Scott Cross, played their home games at the College Park Center and were first year members of the Sun Belt Conference. They finished the season 15–17, 9–9 in Sun Belt play to finish in a tie for fifth place. They advanced to the quarterfinals of the Sun Belt Conference tournament where they lost to Louisiana–Lafayette.
Roster
Schedule
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!colspan=9 style="background:#0064b1; color:#f58025;"| Regular season
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!colspan=9 style="background:#0064b1; color:#f58025;"| Sun Belt tournament
Notes
References
UT Arlington Mavericks men's basketball seasons
Texas-Arlington
2013 in sports in Texas
2014 in sports in Texas
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41029118
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Last%20Clear%20Chance
|
Last Clear Chance
|
Last Clear Chance is a 1959 American short film produced and directed by Robert Carlisle.
Background
Sponsored by Union Pacific Railroad, Last Clear Chance is a high school safety film intended to warn young drivers to be careful at railroad crossings. The film's cast consists of William Boyett, Harold Agee, Mrs. Harold Agee, Tim Bosworth, William Agee, Christine Lynch, and Lou Spraker. Written by Leland Baxter, the film was shot in parts of Idaho. Wondsel, Carlisle & Dunphy Inc, based in New York City, served as the film's production company.
The film centers on the Dixon family, in particular Alan Dixon, who has recently received his driver's license and is eager to begin driving a car. When local police officer Hal Jackson visits the Dixons and learns that Alan's license has arrived, he sits down and tells Alan ways to drive safely and avoid getting into accidents. Although the film is fictional, it was inspired by a real family who experienced a scenario similar to the film. During production, assistance was provided by staff of the National Safety Council, along with the Idaho State Police and the Colorado State Patrol.
Last Clear Chance was distributed by Union Pacific and was featured in a 1993 episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000. A copy of the film is preserved in the Prelinger Archives, where it is able to be downloaded or streamed online free of charge.
Plot
Idaho police officer Hal Jackson (William Boyett) arrives at the funeral for a young man from the Dixon family who has died in a car accident. Hal, a friend of the Dixon family, does not go inside, feeling it would be too difficult to take. Hal finds it hard to believe that, only a few days ago, the Dixons were a relatively regular family. In flashback, he recounts what led to this death. Frank Jr. (Bill Agee) has returned home for the summer to aid his father, Frank Sr. (Harold Agee), on the family farm. He also visits his girlfriend Betty Hutchins (Christine Lynch). When Frank Sr.'s new tractor arrives at the local train station, Frank Jr.'s brother Alan (Tim Bosworth) wishes to drive it, having recently taken a driver's test. His father disallows it, so Frank Jr. drives it home.
The next day, Alan discovers that his license has arrived in the mail. Ecstatic, he wishes to drive immediately, asking his family members if they need help with any errands. Later, Hal shows up at the Dixon home. Knowing that Alan's license had been scheduled to arrive, he begins to talk to Alan, telling him about things he should know in order to be able to drive safely, the primary emphasis being on railroad crossings: heeding signal lights, listening for train horns and being wary around double-track crossings. As Jackson finishes giving the advice, Frank Jr. and Betty return home. Alan asks his father if he can drive the car into town. His father lets him, and Frank Jr. and Betty agree to go with him to make sure he arrives safely.
Alan begins driving the car down the road, and sees Frank Jr. and Betty in front of him. They look behind to wave to Alan, and he waves back. However, the pair keep driving while looking backwards. Observing that a railroad with an oncoming train is near, Alan desperately tries to signal to them to stop waving and look ahead. When they do not pay attention to him and continue waving, Alan shields his eyes as the two drive right into the path of the train and are struck off-camera. In the aftermath, the car is wrecked on its side, a sheet is pulled over Frank’s nearby body, and Betty is on a gurney and being loaded into the rear of an ambulance by somber medics.
Back in the present, at the funeral, Hal enters his police car, determined to go back on the road in order to prevent more traffic accidents from occurring, notably in the name of convenient law breaking.
While the primary focus is on driver safety near railroad crossings, other basic driving safety rules are reinforced, such as not passing on hills or curves, not driving or pulling over when fatigued or sleepy and not being a distracted driver. Alan is also shown a police report of an accident where an acquaintance of his had died in an accident due to his reckless driving. Filling out the film is a nostalgic look back at the early 1900s, when such things as horseless carriages were parts of everyday life and four-lane superhighways—in the late 1950s still a relatively new concept—weren't even thought of, and slower and less congested roadways meant fewer dangers in driving; however, Hal cautions that his point is that the human body hasn't changed and that even more attention to safety must be heeded.
Production
Last Clear Chance was produced and directed by Robert Carlisle. The production was supervised by Francis B. Lewis, who was the Union Pacific Railroad's Director of Safety and Courtesy. Assistance on research for the film was provided by staff of the National Safety Council. A note at the end of the film gives thanks to the Idaho State Police, the Colorado State Patrol, and their respective staffs for "their unstinted cooperation and assistance in making this film."
The film features William Boyett as police officer Hal Jackson. Frank Dixon, Sr. is played by Harold Agee, while his wife Suzanne (billed only as "Mrs. Harold Agee") plays the role of Mrs. Dixon. Future corporate executive William Agee, Harold's real-life son, plays Frank Dixon, Jr. with Christine Lynch appearing as his girlfriend, Betty Hutchins. Tim Bosworth was cast as Alan Dixon, and Lou Spraker plays the grandfather. The film, written by Leland Baxter, features a scenario that was inspired by a real-life family. Bert Spielvogel served as the cinematographer for Last Clear Chance, with Peter Norman working as assistant cameraman. Shot in Kodachrome.
Filming locations include:
≈ 0:40 - 1:57 and 23:25 - 23:47 Kohlerlawn Cemetery 300 6th St. N Nampa, Idaho ( 43°35'30.29"N 116°33'48.16"W )
≈2:29 - 3:12 Union Pacific depot, Meridian, Idaho; [demolished] ( 43°36'31.67"N 116°23'26.10"W )
≈3:13 - 3:33 Crossing at Main (First) St and Boise Valley RR MP 457.53 Meridian, ID ( 43°36'30.95"N 116°23'29.44"W )
≈19:18 - 19:31 Bridge (Avalon) St Kuna, ID at UP crossing MP 447.23 ( 43°29'20.82"N 116°25'15.11"W )
Main character Hal wears an Idaho State Police uniform. Mort Fallick was the film's editor.
Made five years after The Days of Our Years, another Union Pacific Railroad-sponsored safety film that was also spoofed by MST3K, Last Clear Chance was produced by Wondsel, Carlisle and Dunphy, Inc. in order to inform young drivers how to make sure to avoid accidents. Archivist, author, and filmmaker Rick Prelinger notes that the film also includes other themes, such as "a teen’s feeling of invulnerability, the police officer as authority figure,
and the train’s dual role as economic partner and potential killer." Prelinger believes that "longer films aspire to higher goals, and one way to achieve these goals is to pack them with hints of meaning in many directions."
Release and legacy
Last Clear Chance was originally distributed only in western states that were served by Union Pacific. It was released in 16 mm film, and by 1960 was described as being "shown widely in all sections of the country." A copyright on the film was not registered, and it is in the public domain. A copy of the film is in the Prelinger Archives, and as such it is available to be freely downloaded or streamed from the Internet Archive.
The film was received positively by many people who worked in the safety industry, with it being reported that many of them considered it to be "the most moving and hard-hitting educational film on highway grade crossing accident prevention and traffic safety in recent years." It received an award at a national safety film contest. Rick Prelinger described the film as being "engaging" and opined that it was a "skillful drama." Bill Gibron of DVD Verdict branded the film as "hyper somber" and wrote that "we learn, finally, why reckless driving, trains, and painful automotive accidents don't mix. The question everyone keeps asking is 'Why don't they look?' The answer is simple. They're dopes!"
Last Clear Chance was featured in an episode of the comedy television series Mystery Science Theater 3000. Last Clear Chance appeared in the twentieth episode of the fifth season, which was originally broadcast on December 18, 1993. Last Clear Chance became a "huge hit" thanks to its appearance on the show, and it has been described as one of the "Mystery Science Theater 3000 favorites." Actor and writer Kevin Murphy, who plays Tom Servo on the show, opined that Last Clear Chance "is right up there with my all-time favorite shorts." Rhino Entertainment has released the segment featuring Last Clear Chance on VHS, as part of Mystery Science Theater 3000 - Shorts Volume 2. Shorts Volume 2 was later re-released on DVD in 2003, as part of Mystery Science Theater 3000 Collection, Volume 3.
Clips from Last Clear Chance are featured in 2004's Panorama Ephemera, a film created by Rick Prelinger which compiles clips from 64 short films in order to form a cohesive narrative. The clip used from Last Clear Chance is the scene where Frank Jr. and Betty drive into the path of an oncoming train. Panorama Ephemera can be downloaded or streamed for free at the Internet Archive.
It was also spoofed by RiffTrax on August 9, 2022.
References
Bibliography
External links
MST3K treatment on Shout Factory TV
1959 short films
1959 films
American short films
American social guidance and drug education films
Articles containing video clips
Driver's education
Films shot in Idaho
1950s English-language films
1950s American films
Rail transport films
Union Pacific Railroad
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41029130
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Riot%20Squad%20%28comics%29
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Riot Squad (comics)
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The Riot Squad is a supervillain team appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. They are often depicted as enemies of Hulk.
Publication history
The Riot Squad first appeared in The Incredible Hulk (vol. 2) #345 and was created by Peter David, Todd McFarlane, and Jeff Purves.
Fictional team history
When Leader detonated a gamma bomb in Middletown, Arizona, only a few of its population near 5,000 survived where they were all mutated into gamma monsters. Some of the survivors consisting of Hotshot, Jailbait, Ogress, Omnibus, and Soul Man came together with Rock and Redeemer to form the Riot Squad. They became the protectors of Leader's base Freehold and protected it at the time when Leader had a terminal illness. They first clashed with Hulk when Leader would provide him the information on where Betty Ross is in exchange that Hulk kills Madman.
The Riot Squad later worked with the U-Foes to distract Hulk and the Pantheon at the time when Leader was meeting with Agamemnon. Hulk and the Pantheon's fight with the U-Foes and the Riot Squad is broken up when Agamemnon reaches an agreement with Leader.
The Riot Squad later fought the forces of HYDRA when they invade Leader's base. They did not fare well against them and the battle resulted in the death of Soul Man (who was in the middle of resurrecting Marlo Chandler). With the Leader also seemingly dead, his position was taken over by Omnibus. Not being content with the Freeholders' peaceful existence and apparently possessed by the Leader's surviving consciousness and mind control powers, Omnibus manipulated Major Matt Talbot and others in the U.S. government in his own power-seeking plans. Omnibus' compatriots learned that he was responsible for the worldwide bombings in the name of the fictitious terrorists of the "Alliance."
The Riot Squad worked with the Avengers to shut down Omnibus' remaining bombs. The rest of the Riot Squad judged Omnibus guilty and sentenced him to death. The members of Riot Squad left Omnibus in the Arctic to die, where he was attacked by a polar bear.
The loss of Omnibus allowed the Troyjans to invade the Riot Squad's base.
Hotshot resurfaces when it is revealed that Jailbait is dead after losing control of her powers and Hotshot has started to lose his mind. He held a church hostage to get a priest to read the last rites for Jailbait. Hulk broke into the church and defeated Hotshot, who was arrested by the police. Still losing his mind over Jailbait's death, Hotshot hanged himself in his jail cell. It was later revealed that Jailbait lost control of her powers because she was possessed by the One Below All posing as Brian Banner's ghost.
Members
Rock – Samuel LaRoquette was an African-American born to a low-income inner city family. This fueled his desire to see the natural world, where he grew into an explorer who survived all of Earth's ecosystems, then gained an academic career with that acclaim. However, he became sexually involved with a student and angrily punched the university dean when confronted about this. He then got a job with Argo Industries, but his headstrong attitude during a petroleum expedition overruled recommendations to retreat, where an earthquake killed two of his men. LaRoquette finally joined Hulkbusters along with Craig Saunders, but both men struggled with amnesia after Nick Fury shut down the unit, and they eventually fell in with Samuel Sterns. Leader coated his body with pliable stone, giving his body a near-indestructible exoskeleton. His name "Rock" referred to his earlier love of nature, as well as the opposite of his unchecked prior temper.
Redeemer – Craig Saunders Jr. was recruited by S.H.I.E.L.D. as an advisor alongside Sam LaRoquette wheN they were manipulated by the enhanced Leader into becoming his brainwashed pawn. He originally was a US Army officer specializing in explosive ordnance disposal. Perchance at an airport terminal, he detected a terrorist bomb hidden in an unattended briefcase and kicked it into a ladies' room, failing to realize a young woman and her infant daughter were inside when it detonated. The resulting bad publicity ruined Saunders' military career, and he hoped to atone for his mistake by joining the Hulkbusters, hence his name "Redeemer".
Hotshot – Louis Lembert is a high school athlete and the boyfriend of Jessie Harrison. He was mutated by the gamma bomb and sported green skin and yellow hair, and can project energy bolts from his hands. When his girlfriend's powers got out of control, Hotshot had no choice but to kill her to save his fellow Riot Squad members. He was later taken into police custody but committed suicide in his jail cell out of grief for killing Jailbait.
Jailbait – Jessica Harrison was the girlfriend of Louis Lembert. She was mutated by the gamma bomb and sported green skin and an increased bust size, and outfitted herself in a leotard. Before the gamma bomb detonated, she was a teenager in an unauthorized relationship with the slightly older Louis and had planned to elope with him to flee her parents (who were killed in the blast). She could create energy cages around what she sees, but her powers eventually went so out of control that she proved a threat to friend and foe alike, and was killed by her paramour Hotshot.
Ogress – Diana Davids is a lawyer who was mutated by the gamma bomb which gave her green skin, a large muscular physique, and excessive body hair. She possesses superhuman strength and invulnerability.
Omnibus – Burt Horowitz is a traveling encyclopedia salesman who was mutated by the gamma bomb and gained green skin and a tall head. He possesses superhuman intelligence and 'any super-power he already believes he has'.
Soul Man – Jason McCall is a priest who was mutated by the gamma bomb and gained green skin, but in later editions, he reverted to his original skin color. Before the gamma bomb went off, Jason was due to stand trial for embezzlement of tithing funds of the church he ministered. His transformation made him a near-omnipotent being who can recall people from death, but he must keep his concentration to do so.
References
External links
Riot Squad at Marvel Wiki
Riot Squad at Comic Vine
Characters created by Peter David
Characters created by Todd McFarlane
Marvel Comics supervillain teams
Fictional organizations
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41029141
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco%20Canaveri
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Francesco Canaveri
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Francesco Antonio Canaveri (1753-1836) was an Italian Physician and Professor of Anatomy. He was a tenacious opponent of the doctrines of Cullen and Brown, who espoused the so-called Brunonian theory of medicine, which regarded disorders as caused by either defective or excessive excitation.
Biography
Francesco Canaveri was born in Mondovì, son of a distinguished family of Piedmontese patricians. After finishing high school, he began his studies in Rhetoric and Philosophy in the University of Turin. In 1788, he was elected to the post of prefect in the Turin School of Medicine
In 1796 Canaveri became professor of Materia Medica and anatomy of the University of Turin. In 1799 during the Napoleonic occupation of Piedmont, Canaveri had been chosen to lead medical schools beyond the Alps. Between 1800-1814 he was appointed Inspector of the medical schools.
In 1807, Canaveri sent to Padua a work on physiological observations, and for the year 1815, another paper on the usefulness of physiological notions for pathology and practical medicine. He also had made some writings in medical neurology. He was the author of several popular works in this matter, including De vitalitatis oeconomia (1801), Saggio sopra il dolore: dissertazione (1803), Analyse et réfutation des élémens de médecine du D. J. Brown (1805) and Neuronomia, (1836) published after his death.
Francesco Canaveri maintained friendship ties with notable personalities of science such as Francesco Rossi and Giovanni Francesco Cigna, members of the Accademia delle Scienze di Torino. He died in February, 1836 in Turin at the age of 82 years.
References
External links
reader.digitale
cisui.unibo.it
1754 births
1836 deaths
People from Mondovì
People from the Kingdom of Sardinia
19th-century Italian writers
19th-century male writers
Italian anatomists
18th-century Italian physicians
19th-century Italian physicians
University of Turin alumni
Canaveri family
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41029159
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20E.%20Emery
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Charles E. Emery
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Charles E. Emery was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at North Park College—now known as North Park University—in Chicago for one season, in 1969, compiling a record of 2–7.
Head coaching record
References
Year of birth missing
Possibly living people
North Park Vikings football coaches
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41029167
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ron%20Ellett
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Ron Ellett
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Ronald Ellett (born 1942) is a retired American football coach.
Early life and playing career
Ronald Ellett was born in 1942 in Indiana, the son of H. Archie Ellett and Frances Elizabeth Ellett. Ellett's grandfather was James Fred Ellett, the son of Willis A. Gorman Ellett. Willis was the son of David Ellett whose father was Edward Ellett, Sr. the founder of Ellettsville, Indiana.
Ellett came from a successful high school football program. Jamaica High School was undefeated when he was a senior in 1959. Ellett earned 13 letters at Jamaica, four in baseball and three each in football, basketball and track. He was a Little All-State selection in football by the Chicago Daily News and earned special mention all-state recognition in basketball. As a senior, Ellett was the Vermilion County scoring leader in both football and basketball. He went on to Eastern Illinois University, where he lettered in football for three years, the amount of time it took Ellett to earn his degree. At Eastern Illinois University he played quarterback primarily running the shotgun offense. In 2009 Ellett was recognized as the best athlete to have ever played a Jamaica High School by the Champaign News Gazette.
Coaching career
High school
Ellett started the football program at Hampshire High School in Hampshire, Illinois in 1964. During his tenure Ellett guided the Whippurs to five conference titles, two state championships, and one finish as state runner-up. Ellett was also the baseball coach at Hampshire and led the baseball team to its first district championship in 1977. He then went to Elgin High School in Elgin, Illinois as head coach for one year while guiding the football team to a conference championship and its first football state playoff berth in school history. Ellett then accepted a position as head college at North Park College.
In 1994, Ellett was inducted into the Illinois High School Coaches' Hall of Fame. On May 12, 2012, Ellett's former players from Hampshire High School held a banquet in his honor where he received several standing ovations for his efforts and compassion as a coach.
North Park
Ellett was the head football coach at North Park College—now known as North Park University—in Chicago. He held that position for the 1986 season. His coaching record at North Park was 0–9. Ellett then retired from coaching and became a home builder.
Family
Ellett is the grandfather of fourteen and the father of three sons and a daughter. His oldest son, Ronald J. Ellett, is an attorney in Phoenix Arizona. Doug Ellett followed in his father's footsteps as a high school teacher and successful coach. The youngest son, Matthew Ellett, is also a successful High school coach, home builder, and developer, while the daughter, Amy Ellett Johnson, is an elementary school teacher for over 30 years.
Head coaching record
College
References
1942 births
Living people
American football quarterbacks
Eastern Illinois Panthers football players
North Park Vikings football coaches
High school baseball coaches in the United States
High school football coaches in Illinois
People from Hampshire, Illinois
People from Vermilion County, Illinois
Coaches of American football from Illinois
Players of American football from Illinois
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41029174
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shin%20Kyeong-nim
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Shin Kyeong-nim
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Shin Kyeong-nim (Hangul: 신경림) is a South Korean writer who is known as a "poet of the people"
Life
Shin Kyeong-nim was born on April 6, 1936 in North Chungcheong Province, South Korea. When he was young, Shin Kyong-rim frequented the people of Korea's rural villages and collected the traditional songs they sang. Much of his poetry represents a modernization of things he heard then Shin Kyeong-nim graduated in English Literature from Dongguk University, from which time he strove to become a creative writer. In 1955 and 1956, he made his formal literary debut with the publication of poems "Day Moon" (Natdal), "Reeds" (Galdae) and "Statue of Stone" (Seoksang). He taught elementary school in his hometown for a period of time, before moving to Seoul to work as an editor for Hyundae munhak and Donghwa Publishers. But his strong desire to create poetry continued.
Work
Shin, widely known as a poet of the people, has literally spent decades writing verse on basically one subject: the life and people of Korean farming villages. Although the focus of his debut works, "Reed” (Galdae) and "Graveside Epitaph” (Myobi) is not restricted to the lives of farmers, the bulk of his remaining poems do treat of that particular topic. The poems of his first collection, Farmer's Dance (Nongmu, 1975), are coherent in their depiction of the actualities of farming life but retain a certain sense of poetic lyricism that lends them a measure of grace.
While Shin's poetry is largely concerned with farmers and farming villages, he makes a great deal of effort to present them in their full historical and social context. And although he does treat of trials and travails of the farmers and village people, the works are usually firmly based in sense of warm and placid emotion. Generally speaking, Shin Gyeongrim's poetry tends to display less of the pent-up anger and violent protest of the workers' poems by other poets, but it doesn't not necessarily follow that Shin's farmer poems hold no significant message. In fact, the farming villages present in most of his poems can easily be understood as symbols for the national community, and, symbols aside, the same grievances that Shin sets forth in his poetry on behalf of his farmers could easily be extended to cover the grievances of the other laboring classes as well, with little to no stretch of the imagination. Always taking the side of the poor and oppressed, Shin displays more of a solemn ideology than a refined artistry, and composes verses reminiscent of folk songs in form and in that they are readily accessible to all readers. Shin actually did borrow some technical elements from traditional Korean folk songs, such as the familiar rhythm of four beats and the patterns of repetition and refrain.
Shin's various poetry collections, such as The Pass (Saejae), A Folksong Travel Diaries (Minyo Gihaeng), The South Han River (Namhangang), and The Path (Gil), further reveal his love of things Korean, and take as their subjects Korean folk songs and places. In particular, the narrative poem “The South Han River” (Namhangang) is an active attempt to observe history with farmers as the protagonists. It is an extensive work that displays an epic scale.
His prizes include the Han Yong-un literature prize, awarded in 1974 for Nongmu (Farmers' dance), the Korean literature writers award in 1981, the Isan literature prize in 1990, and the Ho-Am Prize 2009
Works in translation
Variations: Three Korean Poets (3인 시선-사랑의 변주곡)
Farmers' Dance (농무)
A love song for the earnest (신경림 시선집)
『ラクダに乗って』申庚林詩選集 (신경림 시선집 ‘낙타를 타고’)
Le rêve d'un homme abattu (쓰러진 자의 꿈)
Works in Korean (partial)
Poetry Collections
Let's Cross Over the Moon, (Dal neomse, 1985)
A Poor Love Song (Gananhan salangnolae, 1988)
Dreams of the Fallen (Sseurujin Ja-ui kkum, 1993.
Collections of Criticism
The Truth of Life and the Truth of Poetry, (Salmui Jinsilgwa Sijeok Jinsil, 1983)
Understanding Our Poetry (Uli siui ihae, 1986).
Awards
Han Yong-un literature prize (1974 for Nongmu (Farmers' dance))
Korean Literature Writers Award (1981)
Isan Literature Prize (1990)
Ho-Am Prize (2009)
References
1936 births
Korean writers
Living people
Recipients of the Ho-Am Prize in the Arts
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41029213
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Korean%20dogwood
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Korean dogwood
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Korean dogwood is a common name for several dogwoods that occur in Korea, and may refer to:
Cornus coreana, rarely cultivated as an ornamental plant
Cornus kousa, a widely cultivated ornamental plant
Cornus
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41029221
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel%20Boehland
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Mel Boehland
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Mel Boehland (April 21, 1943 — October 7, 2021) was an American football coach. He served as the head football coach at Northwestern College—now known as the University of Northwestern – St. Paul—in Roseville, Minnesota, from 1982 to 1988 and at North Park College—now known as North Park University—in 1989, compiling a career college football coaching record of 78–64–1.
Coaching career
Northwestern
Boehland was the head football coach at Northwestern College located in Roseville, Minnesota, serving for 15 seasons, from 1974 to 1988, compiling a record of 77–56–1.
North Park
After Northwestern, Boehland became the head football coach at coach for the North Park College in Chicago, Illinois. He held that position for the 1989 season, compiling a record of 1–8.
References
1943 births
2021 deaths
Northwestern Eagles football coaches
North Park Vikings football coaches
People from Todd County, Minnesota
Deaths from the COVID-19 pandemic in Minnesota
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41029236
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RGF
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RGF
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RGF may refer to:
Romanian Gymnastics Federation
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41029242
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lord%20William%20FitzRoy
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Lord William FitzRoy
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Admiral Lord William FitzRoy (1 June 1782 – 13 May 1857), was an officer of the British Royal Navy who served during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, and also as a Member of Parliament.
Biography
Family background
FitzRoy was the third son of Augustus FitzRoy, 3rd Duke of Grafton, by his second wife, Elizabeth Wrottesley, the daughter of the Reverend Sir Richard Wrottesley, Bt.; he was also an uncle of Vice-Admiral Robert FitzRoy.
Naval career
FitzRoy entered the Navy on 21 April 1794, on board the frigate , firstly serving under Captain William Bentinck, and following the battle of the Glorious First of June, under Captain Robert Stopford. He then served abroad the 74-gun , under Lord Hugh Seymour, following him into the 80-gun , and seeing action at the Battle of Groix on 23 June 1795.
After serving in the frigates , Captain Edward Foote; , Captain Lawrence Halsted; and , Captain the Hon. Arthur Kaye Legge, in February 1798 he rejoined Captain Foote on board , and was present at the action of 27 June 1798 when Seahorse captured the in the Strait of Sicily.
FitzRoy was promoted to lieutenant on 13 May 1800 into the frigate , Captain the Honourable Henry Blackwood, in which he witnessed the surrender of Malta in September, and took part in the Egyptian Campaign in mid-1801. On 31 October 1801, he was appointed acting-commander and captain of the sloop HMS Salamine, and after confirmation on 7 January 1802 of his promotion, commanded . He returned to England, and from 26 January 1803 commanded . FitzRoy was promoted to post-captain on 3 March 1804, taking command of the frigate , and was present at the battle of Cape Ortegal on 4 November 1805, and at the invasion of Martinique in February 1809.
In June 1810 he commissioned the frigate to serve on the Lisbon station. On 7 April 1811 FitzRoy was dismissed from the Navy after a court-martial found him guilty of "False Expense of Stores" and "Tyranny & Oppression". FitzRoy was charged with falsifying the reports of the ships stores and selling the surplus for his own profit. He also sentenced a seaman to 48 lashes for drunkenness, four times the legal maximum. Furthermore, when challenged, FitzRoy accused the master of "contempt" and had him clapped in irons, also in breach of naval law.
Despite being declared incapable of ever serving again as an officer, FitzRoy was restored to his former rank and seniority by the Prince Regent the following August, though he received no further employment in the Navy. Nevertheless, he was made a Companion of the Order of the Bath on 4 June 1815, promoted to rear admiral on 10 January 1837, and made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath on 4 July 1840.
Political career
Fitzroy was still on active service in Aeolus when he was elected as Member of Parliament for the family seat of Thetford in the 1806 election, and so did not make first appearance in the house until 1810, as a supporter of the Whigs. He was replaced as MP by his brother Lord John FitzRoy at the 1812 election.
Personal life
On 9 August 1816 he married Georgiana Raikes, the second daughter of Thomas Raikes, and had a son and three daughters, including:
Francis Horatio FitzRoy (6 June 1823 – 20 March 1900), who married in 1849 Honourable Gertrude Duncombe (1827–1916), daughter of William Duncombe, 2nd Baron Feversham, and left three daughters and two sons. Sir Almeric William FitzRoy (1851–1935) was their son.
Harriet Elizabeth FitzRoy (d.14 July 1875), who married in 1862 Colonel Michael Dawes
Elizabeth Georgiana FitzRoy (d. 5 February 1868)
Admiral FitzRoy died at East Sheen, London, on 13 May 1857, and is buried in Old Mortlake Burial Ground, Mortlake, London.
See also
References
1782 births
1857 deaths
William Fitzroy
Younger sons of dukes
Royal Navy personnel of the French Revolutionary Wars
Royal Navy personnel of the Napoleonic Wars
Members of the Parliament of the United Kingdom for English constituencies
Whig (British political party) MPs for English constituencies
Royal Navy rear admirals
Knights Commander of the Order of the Bath
UK MPs 1806–1807
UK MPs 1807–1812
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41029258
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Porn%20Star%20Zombies
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Porn Star Zombies
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Porn Star Zombies is a horror comedy film developed from a script by Keith Emerson which was a 2007 Slamdance Film Festival script competition semifinalist. Emerson secured a budget to produce and direct the film which was completed in 2010. As the film was being marketed for distribution, there was a brief theatrical run and coverage at the Cannes Film Festival in 2012. Porn Star Zombies has since been released on DVD by R-Squared Films.
References
2007 films
2007 comedy horror films
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41029261
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Christmas%20Heart
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The Christmas Heart
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The Christmas Heart is a 2012 Hallmark Channel Christmas film directed by Gary Yates. The movie first released on the Hallmark Channel on December 2, 2012 and stars Teri Polo, Paul Essiembre, and Ty Wood. The film's premise follows a group of neighbors that come together to help provide emotional support for a teenage boy that needs a heart transplant.
Plot
The neighbors along Arthur Avenue in Cleveland have a forty-year tradition of lining their quaint street with Christmas luminaria. However, one year the tradition is placed on hold out of respect for the Normans (Ann and Mike), whose son Matt is seriously ill and in need of a heart transplant. The situation causes their younger son, Tommy, to emotionally withdraw.
In Detroit, a man expecting his first child suddenly dies. His heart is found to be a match for Matt; however, a lack of transportation threatens to keep it from getting to Cleveland. Finally, a small plane is found (a two-seater which must now carry three people: the pilot, a nurse carrying the heart, and a surgeon dressed as Santa), but is unable to land due to a blizzard arriving in Cleveland. Meanwhile, the donor's girlfriend goes into labor back in Detroit.
Tommy refuses to believe that Matt is going to die, and decides he's going to light the luminaria (with the help of Bob, a neighbor known along the street as somewhat pessimistic). Between them all the luminaria are lit, which provides a surprise – the small plane sees the lit street and manages to land the plane on it (at that same time the donor's girlfriend gives birth), eventually getting the heart to the Cleveland Clinic and transplanted into Matt.
Cast
Teri Polo as Ann Norman
Paul Essiembre as Mike Norman
Ty Wood as Matt Norman
Cruise Brown as Tommy Norman
Tess Harper as Elizabeth
John B. Lowe as Don Foy
Susan Kelso as Yvonne
Samantha Kendrick as Karen
Blake Taylor as Bob
Cherissa Richards as Dr. Shirazi
Adam Hurtig as Jimmy Mars
Arden Alfonso as Nicky
Stephen Eric McIntyre as John
Mike Bell as Ray
Jess Mal Gibbons as Miller (as Jess Gibbons)
Paul Magel as Dr. Brady
Aisha Alfa as Nurse Detroit
Adriana O'Neil as Nurse Cleveland
Production
Heaton first began working on a treatment for The Christmas Heart around 2000 and pitched it to a Hollywood executive, but a film deal was never confirmed. His sister Patricia Heaton remembered the script Heaton had written and sent a copy of his treatment to Hallmark, who purchased the treatment and the script. Filming for The Christmas Heart took place in Winnipeg, Manitoba during March 2012. Due to the unseasonably warm weather in Winnipeg, the film crew had to make snow to make it look "like winter", but was also able to find "a snow bank in the parking lot of a church".
Reception
Critical reception was mixed to positive, and the Christian Film Database stated that they found the film "very touching". A reviewer for The Philadelphia Inquirer remarked that the film "[followed the] made-for-TV Christmas formula" and that it "would work better if we were a little more invested in young Matt and his survival", but that the ending was satisfying. The Akron Beacon Journal also commented that the film held "no surprises" but that "If you are willing to surrender to its unabashed sentimentality, you may find reason for a sniffle or two, and maybe a reason to smile at the end".
See also
List of Christmas films
References
External links
2012 television films
2012 films
American Christmas films
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41029263
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marieve%20Herington
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Marieve Herington
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Marieve Herington (born February 22, 1988) is a Canadian actress and singer who has appeared in recurring roles on How I Met Your Mother, Good Luck Charlie and Ever After High. She provides the voice of Tilly Green on the Disney Channel show Big City Greens as well as voicing animated lead characters in Delilah & Julius and Pearlie. In addition to that, she voiced Celestia Ludenburg in the popular anime video game Danganronpa: Trigger Happy Havoc. At the age of 12, she began singing in major public performances. Since the age of 16, she has been fronting her own jazz ensembles. Currently, she performs with the Marieve Herington Band.
Early life and career
Herington is a native of Oakville, Ontario, Canada, where she attended St. Mildred's-Lightbourn School. She studied drama at the University of Toronto.
Appearing in a series of Canadian Tire and KFC commercials, she joined the Alliance of Canadian Cinema, Television and Radio Artists (ACTRA) at the age of 9.
Her first jazz group, Marieve and her Midnight Blues, played the annual Downtown Oakville Jazz Festival, Oakville Waterfront Festival, restaurants, and other local events. Her first album, Blossoming, published under her own label Maribelle Records, was made available on the Timely Manor label distributed through Fontana North/Universal. She performed on the Toronto jazz circuit with Babes in Jazzland and members of The Royal Jelly Orchestra, appearing on two more albums.
She sang the theme songs for CBC Television's Sesame Park, Nelvana's Pippi Longstocking and TVOntario's Marigold's Mathemagics.
Herington moved to Los Angeles in 2008. The Marieve Herington Band performs in southern California and Toronto. Their latest album is Midnight Sessions.
Filmography
Animation
Anime
Films
Video games
Live-action
Discography
Blossoming (Timely Manor, 2006)
Midnight Sessions (2010)
References
External links
MarieveHerington.com
Marieve Herington Facebook
1988 births
Living people
21st-century American women
21st-century Canadian actresses
21st-century Canadian women singers
Actresses from Los Angeles
Actresses from Ontario
Canadian child actresses
Canadian emigrants to the United States
Canadian film actresses
Canadian television actresses
Canadian video game actresses
Canadian voice actresses
Canadian women jazz singers
Franco-Ontarian people
Jazz musicians from California
People from Oakville, Ontario
Singers from Los Angeles
University of Toronto alumni
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41029283
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open%20Source%20Lab
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Open Source Lab
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Open Source Lab may refer to:
Open-Source Lab (book), a 2014 book by Joshua M. Pearce
Boston Open Source Science Laboratory, a biology lab in Somerville, MA, United States
UTEP Open Source Research Lab, a group-based violence study at the University of Texas at El Paso
See also
Open source (disambiguation)
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