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41042583
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guanare%20Airport
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Guanare Airport
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Guanare Airport is an airport serving Guanare, the capital of the Portuguesa state in Venezuela.
Runway length includes a displaced threshold on Runway 23.
The Guanare non-directional beacon (Ident: GRE) is located on the field.
See also
Transport in Venezuela
List of airports in Venezuela
References
External links
OurAirports - Guanare
OpenStreetMap - Guanare
SkyVector - Guanare Airport
Airports in Venezuela
Buildings and structures in Portuguesa (state)
Buildings and structures in Guanare
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41042584
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johann%20Michael%20Graff
|
Johann Michael Graff
|
Johann Michael Graff (; sometimes also Johann Michael Graaf, Johann Michael Graaff, Johann Michael Graf or Johann Michael Kraff, fl. c. 1765-68), was a German Rococo sculptor and plasterer. Among his most celebrated decorations are those at Schönhausen Palace, Germany, and Rundāle Palace, Latvia.
Graff came from a family of stucco decorators from Bavaria who were members of the so-called Wessobrunner School. He seems to have moved to Brandenburg at some point, where he was influenced by the decorative style predominant in and around Berlin. He very probably made decorations for Schönhausen Palace before being hired by the Duke of Courland, Peter von Biron, to decorate his residences in present-day Latvia. He is known to have decorated Jelgava Palace (decorations destroyed during World War II) and Rundāle Palace for the Duke. In present-day Estonia, he also made lavish stucco decorations for Põltsamaa Castle (destroyed during World War II), and possibly at Kabala Manor.
Gallery
References
German sculptors
German male sculptors
Rococo sculptors
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41042597
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeff%20McCloy
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Jeff McCloy
|
Jeffrey Raymond 'Jeff' McCloy is an Australian property developer, who was Lord Mayor of Newcastle between 2012 and 2014. Before entering politics, he ran his own construction company, which built John Hunter Hospital. In 2008 he won the Hunter Business Chamber 2008 Business Person of the Year, and in 2009 he won the City of Newcastle Medal.
McCloy campaigned for the removal the rail line through the centre of Newcastle and, despite being nominally an independent, supported Liberal candidates in the Council ward elections. Polling day in 2012 was marked by controversy when the running mate of an opposing candidate switched sides to support McCloy.
In 2012, McCloy met the then Opposition Leader (and future Prime Minister of Australia) Tony Abbott to discuss the future of the Newcastle CBD. In 2013, he held a joint press conference with Abbott and Newcastle victims of the Bali bombings in support of Abbott's proposed legislation to assist victims of terrorism overseas.
McCloy opposed rainbow crossings in support of Gay rights, referring to them as "nonsense", and used council resources to remove them, despite claims they did not breach any laws. After Lake Macquarie and Cessnock councils expressed support for the rainbow crossings, McCloy attacked Cessnock as a "bloody mess" and threatened to arrange for Lake Macquarie City Council chambers to be "chalked with half a ton of chalk".
McCloy appeared at a hearing of the Independent Commission Against Corruption 14 August 2014 relating to Operation Spicer, an investigation into allegations of corrupt conduct in relation to the 2011 elections in New South Wales. He was recalled to give further evidence on Friday 12 September 2014.
Tim Owen, the Liberal member for Newcastle, and Andrew Cornwell, the Liberal member for Charlestown, each admitted accepting amounts of $10,000 from McCloy. As a result, both Owen and Cornwell resigned from parliament on 12 August 2014.
On 17 August 2014, McCloy resigned as Lord Mayor of Newcastle, effective immediately. He said his resignation was due to ongoing controversy over his appearance before the Independent Commission Against Corruption, which he said "may effect [sic] the proper functioning" of Newcastle City Council.
In 2015, McCloy's attempts to overturn part of a New South Wales Act of Parliament, enacted to prevent developers from making political donations, were rejected by the High Court of Australia. The case was significant in Australian constitutional law, as it clarified the extent to which the Constitution of Australia provides an implied freedom of political communication, and expanded on the proportionality test developed in Lange v Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
Corruption findings by Independent Commission Against Corruption
In 2016, The NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption released a report on their investigation codenamed Operation Spicer. Operation Spicer was an 'Investigation into NSW Liberal Party Electoral Funding for the 2011 State Election Campaign and Other Matters'.
In 2011, Jeff McCloy, as a property developer, was a banned donor, to parties and candidates in state elections as state governments have jurisdiction over land appropriations etc. in Australia. McCloy not only made political donations, he made so many large cash payments to Members of Parliament that he referred to himself in the Independent Commission Against Corruption hearings as a 'Walking ATM'.
The NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption sought to prove that Jeff McCloy intentionally made covert payments to state government election candidates and that McCloy was aware that his donations were illegal because of his 'developer' status.
It was reported by the Sydney Morning Herald that Cardiff vet Andrew Cornwell was in the middle of an operation on a dog when he was summoned outside by McCloy. McCloy handed Cornwell $10,000 in cash, cash that was later used to fund Cornwell's state parliament election campaign.
On 30 August 2016, the Newcastle Herald reported that MCloy called Independent Commission Against Corruption 'A $20m waste of time'. 47% of Fairfax's online respondents agreed with McCloy's view. McCloy described the factual findings against him as 'a parking fine, a speeding fine'.
Correlation between the corruption findings and McCloy Group developments
Listed in the 'Principal Factual Findings made by the NSW Independent Commission Against Corruption in regards to Operation Spicer are the below references to Jeff McCloy.
Finding Reference Group 1: Regarding The Seat of Port Stephens
Quote page 22 of the commission's report: "In 2007, Craig Baumann, the NSW Liberal Party candidate for the seat of Port Stephens, entered into an arrangement with Mr McCloy and Mr (Hilton) Grugeon to disguise from the Election Funding Authority the fact that companies associated with Mr McCloy and Mr Grugeon had donated $79,684 towards Mr Baumann’s 2007 NSW election campaign."
Finding Reference Group 1 Correlation with Development: Craig Baumann held the seat of Port Stephens in the NSW Parliament from 2007 to 2015. McCloy Group has developments within the Port Stephens state seat areas including The Bower (Medowie, NSW) and Potter's Lane (Raymond Terrace, NSW)
Finding Reference Group 2: Regarding The State Seat of Newcastle
Quote page 20 of the commission's report: "In about February 2011, Jeffrey McCloy gave Hugh Thomson $10,000 in cash as a political donation to fund Mr Owen’s 2011 election campaign for the seat of Newcastle with the intention of evading the Election Funding Act laws relating to the ban on the making of political donations by property developers and the applicable cap on political donations.
Quote page 21 of the commission's report: "Mr (Mike) Gallacher was responsible for proposing to Mr McCloy and Mr (Hilton) Grugeon an arrangement whereby each of them would contribute to the payment of Luke Grant for his work on Mr Owen’s 2011 election campaign. He did so with the intention that the Election Funding Act laws in relation to the prohibition on political donations from property developers and the requirements for the disclosure of political donations to the Election Funding Authority would be evaded..."
Quote page 21 of the commission's report: Mr Owen, Mr Thompson, Mr Grugeon and Mr McCloy were parties to an arrangement whereby payments totalling $19,875 made to Mr Grant for his work on Mr Owen’s 2011 election campaign were falsely attributed to services allegedly provided to companies operated by Mr McCloy and Mr Grugeon.
Finding Reference Group 2 Correlation with Development: Part a
Jeff McCloy and McCloy Group has ongoing commercial development concerns within the Newcastle State seat locality, including 'City Exchange' and 'Telstra Civic'. Both sites will benefit significantly from the highly controversial Newcastle Transport Interchange and Light Rail due for completion in 2019, a major infrastructure project implemented by the NSW Liberal state government.
Finding Reference Group 2 Correlation with Development: Part b
McCloy Group's 'City Exchange' is tenanted by a gym owned by Wests Group. Wests Group are a not-for-profit gambling entity that, according to its 2017 Annual Report', made $143m in revenue in the year ending January 2017. As a group whose business interests are primarily involved in gambling, Wests Group are an illegal donor to political candidates in NSW, and as Lord Mayor of Newcastle and proprietor of McCloy group, incomes from Wests Group to Jeff McCloy or McCloy Group are considered indirect political donations.
Other Hunter Street property concerns
Relative to the highly controversial Newcastle Interchange, McCloy bought the Blackwoods property at Hannell St, Wickham in December 2006, the former Hunter Water headquarters at 591 Hunter Street in October 2007 (since subdivided, with the 591-address property sold and the 593-601 address retaining its heritage exterior), and a half shareholding of 356 Hunter Street in 2009. 591 Hunter Street and 356 Hunter Street are multi-block buildings that are on the Light Rail route, planned for completion in 2019.
The Newcastle Herald reported that in late 2007, McCloy bought the former Toymasters building at 615 Hunter Street, which was sold by McCloy in 2009.
As of December 2017, 615 Hunter Street is tenanted by the NSW Department of Family and Community Services. The address 615 Hunter Street Newcastle West is on the Light Rail route.
Also in late 2007, McCloy bought 'the former Churchills building' at 633 Hunter Street Newcastle West, which he sold in February 2015. In 2008, McCloy bought The Lucky Country Hotel, now known as The Lucky, which was one of only two of his Hunter Street purchases that saw development under his tenure.
Over a ten year spending spree which included Hunter Street properties plus other holdings (a commercial property in Brown Street, a stately 'town' home in Church Street and Bolton Street's 'Legacy House' (now demolished and replaced with apartments) McCloy claims to have suffered $15.7 million in losses.
References
Mayors and Lord Mayors of Newcastle
New South Wales local councillors
Independent politicians in Australia
Living people
Rights in the Australian Constitution cases
Year of birth missing (living people)
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41042626
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20of%20Suceava
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Battle of Suceava
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The battle of Suceava may refer to:
Battle of Suceava (1595), during the Moldavian Magnate Wars
Battle of Suceava (1653), during the Khmelnytsky Uprising
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41042650
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiotaurine
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Thiotaurine
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Thiotaurine is a bioactive analog of taurine. It is used as a moisturizer and antioxidant in some cosmetic products.
Preparation
Thiotaurine is made by transsulfuration of thiocysteine and hypotaurine.
References
Amino acids
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41042666
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5%20AM%20%28song%29
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5 AM (song)
|
"5 AM" is a song by English singer Katy B. It was released on 4 November 2013 as the lead single from her second studio album Little Red (2014). The track was produced by Geeneus. The song reached number fourteen in the UK Singles Chart. On 10 November 2013, Katy appeared on The Xtra Factor to perform the song.
Music video
The official video for "5 AM" premiered on 30 September 2013, at a total length of three minutes and twenty-one seconds.
Critical reception
Robert Copsey of Digital Spy gave the song a mixed review, stating the following:
"Judging by the music video that accompanies Katy B's new single, fame seems to be treating her rather well. Here, the sticky dancefloors and gritty urban haunts of her 'Lights On' and 'Easy Please Me' days have been replaced with a masquerade ball in a fancy country retreat. But despite embracing the perks that fame can bring, her problems are no less relatable.
"It's 5am, all on my own/ I've lost my friends, I check my phone," she sings over spacey synths and laid-back house beats, proving she's still game for a knees-up. "I need somebody to calm me down/ A little lovin' like Valium," she then coolly confesses on a chorus that glides with the ease of a professional party-goer whose well in her comfort zone. The result is an effortless and slinky dancefloor thumper, but like most all-nighters, you'll struggle to recall it the following morning."
The writers of Rolling Stone placed the song at number thirty-two on their list of "50 Best Singles of 2013".
Track listing
Chart performance
Weekly charts
Release history
References
2013 singles
Katy B songs
2013 songs
Songs written by Katy B
Songs about loneliness
British dance-pop songs
House music songs
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41042675
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cirsilineol
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Cirsilineol
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Cirsilineol is a bioactive flavone isolated from Artemisia and from Teucrium gnaphalodes.
References
O-methylated flavones
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41042678
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mount%20Hollywood%20Congregational%20Church
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Mount Hollywood Congregational Church
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Mount Hollywood Congregational Church is a United Church of Christ congregation in the Los Feliz neighborhood of Los Angeles.
Mount Hollywood was founded in 1905. John Raitt was once a soloist in the choir, Judge Lance Ito was enrolled in its Sunday School, and Los Angeles County Supervisor John Anson Ford was a member.
Membership had been as high as 600 in the 1920s, when it built its sanctuary, but is around 50 today. In 2012 the church sold its sanctuary, citing high maintenance costs, and moved into a converted storage shed behind Hollywood Lutheran Church.
The congregation has long been an advocate for social justice. In 1941 it came to the aid of Hollywood Independent Church, a Japanese-American congregation, by safeguarding the church's property and homes of its members after they were sent to internment camps. All of the ministers in Mount Hollywood's history have been pacifists.
The church's altar has a wooden cross made from camphor wood off of a tree in the yard of a church that had been bombed in Hiroshima. The cross is inscribed with "He is our peace."
The Rev. Anne Cohen was installed as the church's pastor on Nov. 3, 2013.
Churches in Los Angeles
United Church of Christ churches in California
20th-century Protestant churches
1905 establishments in California
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41042694
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Minute%20to%20Pray%2C%20a%20Second%20to%20Die
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A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die
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A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die may refer to:
A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die (album), a 1981 album by The Flesh Eaters
A Minute to Pray, a Second to Die (film), a 1968 Italian spaghetti western
See also
"A Minute to Pray and a Second to Die", a 1992 song by Scarface
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41042705
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20Lisle%2C%20New%20York
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Center Lisle, New York
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Center Lisle (also Centre Lisle, Yorkshire) is a hamlet in the town of Lisle in Broome County, New York, United States.
Notable person
John H. Jones, Wisconsin State Senator and lawyer, was born in Center Lisle.
Notes
Hamlets in New York (state)
Hamlets in Broome County, New York
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41042715
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Papua%20New%20Guinea%20Rugby%20Football%20Union
|
Papua New Guinea Rugby Football Union
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The Papua New Guinea Rugby Football Union, or Rugby PNG is the governing body for rugby union in Papua New Guinea. It was established in 1962 and was affiliated to the International Rugby Board in 1993.
Rugby PNG is a full member of the Federation of Oceania Rugby Unions (FORU), which is the regional governing body for rugby in Oceania.
National teams
Papua New Guinea's national team, the Pukpuks, has not yet competed in a Rugby World Cup, but has won the FORU Oceania Cup Championship four times (as of November 2015). PNG fields teams in 7s competitions as well as 15s. The national women's 7s team was established in 2007, and won the Asia Pacific Women's Sevens Championships in 2011.
See also
Papua New Guinea national rugby union team
Papua New Guinea national rugby sevens team
Papua New Guinea national under-20 rugby union team
Papua New Guinea women's national rugby union team
Papua New Guinea women's national rugby sevens team
Rugby union in Papua New Guinea
External links
Papua New Guinea Rugby Football Union on facebook.com
Papua New Guinea on IRB.com
Papua New Guinea on OceaniaRugby.com
Reference list
Rugby union in Papua New Guinea
Sports organisations of Papua New Guinea
Rugby union governing bodies in Oceania
Sports organizations established in 1962
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41042719
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1963%20Iowa%20Hawkeyes%20football%20team
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1963 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
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The 1963 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa in the 1963 Big Ten Conference football season. Led by third-year head coach Jerry Burns, the Hawkeyes compiled an overall record of 3–3–2 with a mark of 2–3–1 in conference play, placing eighth in the Big Ten. The team played home games at Iowa Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa. Iowa's game against Notre Dame was canceled on November 23,, following the assassination of John F. Kennedy one day earlier.
Schedule
Roster
Game summaries
Washington State
Washington
Indiana
Wisconsin
Purdue
Ohio State
Minnesota
Michigan
Players in the 1964 NFL Draft
References
Iowa
Iowa Hawkeyes football seasons
Hawkeyes
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41042723
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/East%20Church%20Street%E2%80%93Starling%20Avenue%20Historic%20District
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East Church Street–Starling Avenue Historic District
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East Church Street–Starling Avenue Historic District is a national historic district located at Martinsville, Virginia. It encompasses 117 contributing buildings, 1 contributing structure, and 1 contributing object in a residential section of Martinsville. The buildings range in date from the range in date from the mid-1880s to the mid-1950s and include notable examples of the Tudor Revival and Colonial Revival styles. Notable buildings include the James Cheshire House, the Obidiah Allen House, John W. Carter House (1896), Christ Episcopal Church (1890s), G.T. Lester House or the “Wedding Cake House” (1918), John W. Townes House (c. 1925), Vaughn M. Draper House (c. 1930), and Martinsville High School (1940) and Gymnasium Building (1928). Located in the district are the separately listed John Waddey Carter House, Scuffle Hill, and the Little Post Office.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.
References
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Colonial Revival architecture in Virginia
Tudor Revival architecture in Virginia
Buildings and structures in Martinsville, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Martinsville, Virginia
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41042741
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greg%20Leding
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Greg Leding
|
Greg Leding (born April 10, 1978) is a Democratic politician who has represented the Fayetteville area in the Arkansas General Assembly since 2011. He served as minority leader in the Arkansas House of Representatives from 2012 to 2014 and currently serves as minority leader in the Arkansas Senate.
A lifelong resident of Arkansas, Leding graduated from Springdale High School and holds a bachelor's degree from the Sam M. Walton College of Business at the University of Arkansas.
Arkansas General Assembly
The 91st General Assembly convened on Monday, January 9, 2017. Leding filed a number of bills, including:
HB1014 (now Act 666), the Teacher's Classroom Investment Deduction, to allow Arkansas teachers to claim up to a $250 deduction on their state taxes for out-of-pocket expenses for their classrooms
HB1009, part of a package of ethics bills sponsored by Arkansas Democrats. The bill would prevent a member of the General Assembly from forming more than one approved political action committee (PAC)
HB1395, a bill to provide a tax credit to small businesses that hire veterans
HB1509 (now Act 1013), the Sudden Cardiac Arrest Prevention Act, a measure to protect student athletes
HB1592 (now Act 543), a bill to ensure insurance coverage parity for oral chemotherapeutics
HB1624, the Right to Wages Earned Act, a bill to protect from workers from wage theft
HB1625, the Right to Know Your Pay Act, a bill to protect both workers and employers during wage theft disputes
HB1758 (now Act 962), a bill to help protect firefighters from cancer
HB1797, a bill to add sexual orientation and gender identity to the Arkansas Civil Rights Act of 1993
HB1850, the Strong Families Act, a bill to provide a tax credit to employers that voluntarily offer a paid family leave policy
HB2000 (now Act 1028), a bill to protect job applicants from erroneous information found during background checks
HB2022 (now Act 708), a bill regarding insurance coverage for breast ultrasounds and digital tomosynthesis
HB2088, a bill to provide enhanced penalties for hate crimes
HB2124, a bill to eliminate the asset test for long-term care Medicaid within the Arkansas Medicaid program for veterans
HCR1003, a House Concurrent Resolution to designate Arkansaurus fridayi as the official state dinosaur of Arkansas
Committee assignments
Co-Chair
Higher Education Subcommittee of Arkansas Legislative Council
Member
Arkansas Legislative Council (ALC)
House Committee on Revenue and Taxation
House Income Taxes - Personal and Corporate Subcommittee
House Committee on Aging, Children and Youth, Legislative, and Military Affairs
House Aging Subcommittee
Legislative work
During his first term, Leding passed The Jason Flatt Act, a measure to reduce youth suicide in Arkansas. In his second term, during which he served as the House Minority Leader, Leding worked with Republicans and Democrats to pass a bipartisan package of bills to prevent human trafficking in Arkansas. Other bipartisan legislative achievements in 2013 include The Landowner Notification Act, a measure to protect landowners living in the Fayetteville Shale, co-sponsored by Senator Jason Rapert (R-Conway), as well as bipartisan legislation to better protect the Buffalo National River, co-sponsored by Representative Kelley Linck (R-Flippin). In 2015, bills passed by Leding included the Student Online Personal Information and Protection Act and a bipartisan bill to help the families of firefighters who die of job-related cancers. Other legislative efforts have included a 2015 bipartisan measure to end juvenile life without parole, co-sponsored by Senator Missy Irvin (R-Mountain View); efforts in 2015 to address privacy issues, establish the Arkansas New Jobs Training Program, and add the words "sexual orientation, gender identity" to the Arkansas Civil Rights Act of 1993; efforts in 2013, 2015, 2017 to establish paid family leave and to address Arkansas's landlord-tenant laws (including its lack of any warranty of habitability and its criminal eviction statutes); and efforts in 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017 to address wage theft. Leding is also working with Arkansas veterans to secure hyperbaric oxygen therapy as means of treatment for veterans suffering from traumatic brain injury.
In August 2015, Leding launched two interim studies, one concerned with student debt in Arkansas and one examining sexual assault on the state's college and university campuses. Final reports for each are due in July 2017.
Caucuses
Leding is a member of the Arkansas Legislative Hunger Caucus, the Arkansas Veterans Caucus, the Arkansas Education Caucus, the Arkansas Sportsmen's Caucus, and the Arkansas Aerospace Caucus.
National Conference of State Legislatures
From August 2012 until August 2014, Leding served as a vice chair of the Natural Resources and Infrastructure Committee of the National Conference of State Legislatures (NCSL). He was elected to the NCSL Executive Committee in August 2014. In May 2015, he was named to the NCSL Legislative Task Force on Military and Veterans Affairs. In May 2016, he was named to the NCSL Task Force on International Relations. In January 2017, Leding was named to the NCSL Foundation Board.
National Institute for Civil Discourse
In 2015, Leding became involved with the National Institute for Civil Discourse, a nonpartisan center for advocacy, research, and policy, and its Next Generation program for state legislators.
Elections
State House
Leding first ran for the Arkansas House of Representatives in 2010, defeating J. W. "Bill" Ramsey in the Democratic Primary by a margin of 61 percent to 39 percent. He won re-election in 2012, defeating Republican Brian Scott by a margin of 61 percent to 39 percent. Leding ran unopposed in 2014 and 2016.
State Senate
On Tuesday, June 13, 2017, Leding announced his candidacy for Arkansas Senate District 4. The incumbent, Senator Uvalde Lindsey (D-Fayetteville), had previously announced his retirement. The election was Tuesday, November 6, 2018, and Leding was the winner.
Awards and recognition
Among the awards Leding has received during his time in office are the Citizens First Congress "Champion Legislator" award (2011), the Arkansas Support Network "Community Distinction Award" (2011), the Arkansas Kids Count Coalition "Rising Star" award (2011), the Northwest Arkansas Workers' Justice Center "Prophetic Leader" award (2013), the National Association of Social Workers (Arkansas Chapter) "Elected Public Official of the Year" award (2013), the Northwest Arkansas Tobacco-Free Coalition "Smoke-Free Advocate of the Year" award (2013), the Arkansas Advanced Energy Association "Champion of Advanced Energy" award (2013), the Public Policy Panel "Champion Legislator" award (2013), the Arkansas Municipal League "Distinguished Legislator" award (2013), the AARP "Distinguished Legislator" award (2013), the first Washington County Democrats "John Logan Burrow Democratic Leadership" award (2014), the Kids Count "Legislative Leadership Award for Juvenile Justice" (2015), the Kids Count "Legislative Leadership Award for Family Economic Security" (2015), the Arkansas State Firefighters Association "Legislative Chair Award" (2015), the Arkansas State Employees Association "Outstanding Legislator" award (2015), the Community Clinic of Northwest Arkansas "Community Health Center Champion" award (2015), the Arkansans for Gifted and Talented Education (AGATE) "Presidential Award" (2016), and the Graduate Student Congress of the University of Arkansas "Civic Ally of the Year" award (2016).
In January 2013, Talk Business Arkansas listed Leding among the "Top 10 Legislators to Watch". In May 2013, Talk Business Arkansas listed Leding among the "Talk Business Arkansas' Top 10 State Legislators".
In January 2017, Leding was again named to Talk Business Arkansas' list of legislators to watch for the 2017 regular session.
Boards
Leding joined the Hope Cancer Resources Foundation Board of Directors in February 2015 and the Fayetteville Adult Education Center Advisory Board in June 2016.
Personal life
The oldest of three children, Leding and his wife, Emily Ironside, have one daughter. They live in Fayetteville.
References
External links
Representative Greg Leding: District 86 at The Arkansas State Legislature
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Living people
1978 births
21st-century American politicians
Democratic Party members of the Arkansas House of Representatives
People from Springdale, Arkansas
University of Arkansas alumni
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41042751
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Center%20for%20Jewish%E2%80%93Christian%20Understanding%20and%20Cooperation
|
Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation
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The Center for Jewish–Christian Understanding and Cooperation or CJCUC is an educational institution at which Christians who tour Israel can study the Hebrew Bible with Orthodox rabbis and learn about the Hebraic roots of Christianity. The center was established in Efrat in 2008 by Rabbi Dr. Shlomo Riskin, who has been described as "the most prominent rabbinic spokesperson to Christian Zionists". CJCUC partners with major Christian interfaith organizations such as Christians United for Israel and the International Christian Embassy Jerusalem. Since Riskin's retirement as president of Ohr Torah Stone in 2018, the overseeing of all CJCUC activities has been turned over to David Nekrutman who has served as the center's chief director since its inception.
History
The ideological groundwork, which led to the eventual establishment of CJCUC in 2008, began to take shape almost 50 years beforehand. In 1964, Rabbi Joseph B. Soloveitchik, the teacher and mentor of CJCUC's Chancellor and Founder, Shlomo Riskin, published an essay entitled "Confrontation" in which he expounded his views on interfaith dialogue and carefully drew out guidelines which permitted such a dialogue and, in the view of Riskin, not only permitted it but rendered it necessary.
At around the same time, fundamental ideological shifts were forming within the ranks of the Catholic Church, and a year after Soloveitchik's essay was published, The Holy See issued Nostra aetate, the Declaration on the Relation of the Church with Non-Christian Religions. Nostra aetate absolved the Jews from the crucifixion of Jesus, and admitted that religious antisemitism had a significant role in laying the foundation for the atrocities perpetrated against the Jewish people.
Riskin's academic plunge into Jewish–Christian relations began in the early 1960s when he attended seminars, held by Professor David Flusser, about the Christian Gospels at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. As an Orthodox Jew, he could pinpoint the parallels for Jesus' teachings within the Hebrew scripture.
After settling in Efrat, Riskin began to engage with the Christian world. Most of the Christian visitors to Efrat, those who came to hear and learn, were Evangelicals. He formed relations with Rev. Robert Stearns of Eagles' Wings and with Pastor John Hagee.
Since Riskin's retirement as president of Ohr Torah Stone institutions in 2018, the overseeing of all CJCUC activities has been turned over to David Nekrutman who has served as the center's chief director since its inception.
Activities
Hebraic Bible Study
CJCUC hosts Christian groups from all over the world for all-day seminars, which include tours
of biblical sites such as nearby Jerusalem, the Path of the Patriarchs and the Herodian wells.
Among the subjects that the seminar series includes are Jewish–Christian Relations; the Theology
of Biblical Holidays; Covenant and Mission; The Ten Commandments; Satan, Evil and Free Will;
Judaism and the Ministry of Jesus; and Human Life Created in the Image of God.
The center runs educational seminars for students and faculty of Catholic and Protestant seminaries in the United States, Canada, and Europe. It has appointed North American and European directors to coordinate relations with religious leaders on these continents.
CJCUC has established a Theological Think Tank, the Institute for Theological Inquiry (ITI), headed by Rabbi Eugene Korn and Dr. Robert Jenson of the Witherspoon Institute, which consists of international scholars and theologians whose tasks are to clarify areas of Jewish and Christian theological agreement and disagreement, as well as identify areas of fruitful cooperation. The topics focus on past and present Jewish–Christian Relations, Covenant, Salvation, Biblical Hermeneutics, Religion and Violence, Ethical Monotheism, and
Messianism.
In May 2011, CJCUC facilitated and sponsored a Yale University student group consisting of Orthodox Jewish and Evangelical Christians to learn the fundamentals of Jewish–Christian relations.
In March 2012, CJCUC took Latin American priests and rabbis to learn the fundamentals of Jewish-Catholic relations in the backdrop of the Holy Land.
In June 2012, CJCUC partnered with Christians United for Israel to bring 30 Evangelical pastors from the U.S. to learn the fundamentals of Jewish–Christian relations.
In February 2013, CJCUC co-sponsored the visit of more than 160 pastors to Israel through the Christians United for Israel organization.
In January 2015, CJCUC founder, Rabbi Shlomo Riskin along with CJCUC's Executive Director, David Nekrutman, addressed a group of 400 pastors and rabbis at a symposium held in Broward County, Florida.
In February 2015, on a visit to Oklahoma, Rabbi Riskin unveiled plans for historic high school curricula, being worked on in a joint effort with the government of Israel, detailing advancements in Jewish–Christian relations.
In July 2016, CJCUC announced that it was moving its center of operations from Efrat to the Bible Lands Museum in Jerusalem.
CJCUC has received funds from Israel's Hertog family, Paul Singer Foundation, Zion's Gate International Foundation, Ministry of Justice, and John Hagee Ministries.
Day to Praise
In October 2014, Riskin became the first Orthodox rabbi to invite Christian visitors to Israel to participate in a "praise rally" with Jewish interfaith leaders at the Center's headquarters during the holiday of Sukkot. For Sukkot 2012, he hosted a seminar for Christian visitors.
In March 2015, he launched the Day to Praise global initiative calling out to Christians worldwide to join him in reciting Hallel (Psalms 113–118) to praise God on Yom Ha'atzmaut (Israel's Independence Day).
Later that year, in 2015, during the festival of Sukkot, CJCUC, together with its founder, Rabbi Shlomo Riskin, the chief rabbi of Efrat, hosted an interfaith event in Efrat in which 200 Christians and Jews came together to sing the praises of God in unity. Riskin said that "the prayer event will help usher in the Messianic Age."
Blessing Bethlehem
CJCUC created the first food voucher program to help financially disadvantaged Christian Arabs living in the Land.
In September 2016, the center launched the "Blessing Bethlehem" fundraising initiative at the LifeLight Festival in Sioux Falls, South Dakota in and effort to create a food giveaway program for persecuted Christians in Bethlehem and the surrounding area.
Social activism
In October 2013, CJCUC Executive Director, David Nekrutman published a controversial appeal for funds from Jews to support the purchase of a permanent site for the Christian-Arab church of Pastor Steven Khoury.
In May 2014, CJCUC sponsored an interfaith Latin American clergy mission that visited the Ziv Medical Center in Safed, Israel, donating supplies to wounded Syrian civil war refugees.
In a September 2015 piece for The Times of Israel, Executive Director, David Nekrutman appealed to the Israeli Ministry of Education in regards to budget cuts and equal funding for Christian Schools in Israel citing these budget cuts as "collateral damage" of internal political issues and stating that these issues "should never oppress minority populations". Later, together with The Pave the Way Foundation (PTWF) and the Galilee Center for Studies in Jewish-Christian Relations (CSJCR), CJCUC initiated an international campaign urging the Israeli Prime Minister and Education Ministry to Save Christian Education.
Accomplishments
CJCUC accomplishments include:
In January 2012, CJCUC received the honorary title of Goodwill Ambassador for Jewish–Christian Relations from Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. In his letter, the prime minister writes: "I believe you are uniquely suited to be an Ambassador of Goodwill for the State of Israel to strengthen relations between Jews and Christians throughout the world. I know that you will continue to promote understanding between Jews and Christians in a spirit of mutual respect that will enable both to work together to better mankind."
CJCUC is on the official body between the Holy See and the Jewish people via IJCIC. In January 2011, Riskin had an audience with Pope Benedict XVI, and in June 2013, CJCUC's Academic Director Rabbi Eugene Korn, along with other members of the organized Jewish establishment, met with Pope Francis.
CJCUC's Executive Director, David Nekrutman, was accepted into the Oral Roberts University online Graduate Theology program, the first Orthodox Jew to do so. In 2011 Nekrutman spoke to Korean Christians at a pro-Israel rally held in Seoul. Nekrutman was the first Orthodox Jew to speak at the Church of God in Christ (COGIC) conference and discuss the importance of visiting Israel. In April 2012, he was the main speaker at CUFI's first international event in Nairobi where over 1,500 Africans attended to support Israel.
Orthodox Rabbinic Statement on Christianity
On 3 December 2015, CJCUC spearheaded a petition of orthodox rabbis from around the world calling for increased partnership between Jews and Christians.
The unprecedented statement, entitled "To Do the Will of Our Father in Heaven: Toward a Partnership between Jews and Christians", was initially signed by over 25 prominent Orthodox rabbis in Israel, United States, and Europe.
The statement cites traditional opinions by past rabbinic authorities to justify partnership with Christians and religious appreciation of Christianity.
In May 2017, the statement was approbated by Rabbi Abraham Skorka of Argentina and Cardinal Christoph Schönborn Archbishop of Vienna.
Publications
"Covenant and Hope—Christian and Jewish Reflections" (Eerdmans, 2012)
"Plowshares into Swords? Reflections on Religion and Violence" (2014) (Kindle Edition)
"RETURNING TO ZION: CHRISTIAN AND JEWISH PERSPECTIVES" (2015) (Kindle Edition)
"Cup of Salvation: A Powerful Journey Through King David's Psalms of Praise" (Gefen Publishing, 2017)
Staff
Rabbi Shlomo Riskin, Founder
Rabbi Kenneth Brander, Chancellor
David Nekrutman, Executive Director
Rabbi Josh Ahrens, Director Central Europe
Rabbi Pesach Wolicki, Associate Director (2015-2019)
Rabbi Angel Kreiman-Brill (1945–2014), Latin American director<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.iccj.org/Rabbi_Angel_Kreiman-Brill_z__l__1945-2014.4483.0.html|title=Rabbi Angel Kreiman-Brill zl (1945–2014)|first=Dr. Deborah|last=Weissman|date=1 September 2014|access-date=23 October 2014|publisher=International Council of Christians and Jews}}</ref>
Limor Riskin, Director of Operations
Further reading
Day to Praise
Blessing Bethlehem
Ohr Torah Stone
References
External links
CJCUC Press & Media Archive
Coalition issues Jewish-Christian statement of understanding – Oregon Faith Report – 29 May 2011 CJCUC Introduction (PDF) – separationtruth.com
A Breakthrough in Jewish-Catholic Relations – Christian Newswire – 1 March 2012 "Rabbi Shlomo Riskin: Christianity Has Changed Drastically In the 20th Century" The Jewish Week'', 5 September 2012
Christian and Jewish interfaith dialogue
Christianity in Jerusalem
Christian Zionism in Israel
Educational organizations based in Israel
Educational institutions established in 2008
Interfaith organizations
Israel educational programs
Jewish interfaith organizations
Jewish organizations based in Israel
Jewish studies research institutes
Organizations established in 2008
Religious pluralism
Religious Zionist organizations
2008 establishments in Israel
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41042783
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictydiaethalium
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Dictydiaethalium
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Dictydiaethalium is a genus of slime molds composed of D. plumbeum and D. dictyosporum.
References
Myxogastria
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41042784
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Den%20stora%20dagen
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Den stora dagen
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"Den stora dagen" is a song written by Benny Borg and originally recorded by Swedish dansband Jigs on the 1978 album Goa bitar 7. In 1982 Vikingarna recorded the song on the album "Kramgoa låtar 10", sometimes also called "Den stora dagen". Their recording became a Svensktoppen hit, staying at the chart for 10 weeks between 14 March-16 May 1982, peaking at second place. Vikingarna also re-recorded the song in 1996.
In 2006, Mats Bergmans recorded the song for the album Den stora dagen.
At Dansbandskampen 2008, Face-84 performed the song. However, not live over Sveriges Television because the band was knocked out in the previous moment momentet "Dansbandsklassikern". However, their recording is at Aftonbladet's official compilation album Dansafton in February 2009, with music from Dansbandskampen.
The song lyrics are story-telling, with a society-related theme about how older people are often forgotten.
The song was performed by Robert Gustafsson and Åsa Fång in the TV program Så ska det låta at Sveriges Television, airing on 14 March 2008.
Linnea Henriksson performed the song at Så mycket bättre 2018.
Chart positions
Linnea Henriksson
References
1978 songs
Songs about telephone calls
Swedish songs
Swedish-language songs
Vikingarna (band) songs
Jigs (band) songs
Mats Bergmans songs
Songs written by Benny Borg
Linnea Henriksson songs
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41042812
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Willingdon%20Community%20School
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Willingdon Community School
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Willingdon Community School is an 11–16 coeducational secondary school located in the Lower Willingdon area of Eastbourne in the English county of East Sussex.
It is a community school administered by East Sussex County Council, and the council coordinates admissions to the school.
Willingdon Community School offers GCSEs and BTECs as programmes of study for pupils. The school has specialisms in the media and visual arts, and has also become a Leading Edge School.
Description
Willingdon Community School is an average size secondary school for 11 to 16-year-olds, with specialist status for media and visual arts. It houses a special facility for hearing impaired students with statements of special educational needs, which is managed by the local authority; the students are on the school's roll and integrated into lessons. A small number of Traveller students attend the school; the great majority of students are monolingual White British. The school is a Leading Edge School and a Gifted and Talented Lead School.
"There is an organised, calm and positive ethos throughout the school, which is enhanced by strong relationships between staff and pupils. Staff have high expectations of pupils' conduct and,as a result, pupils are well behaved, respectful and friendly to one another. Behaviour is typically exemplary and there is a culture of inclusion across the school." reported Ofsted in 2017.
There was a change of headteacher in 2016, and the new postholder reorganised the programme of teaching, the management committee structures and revised all the school policies, particularly those on quality assurance and teaching and learning. The new target-setting process ensured that the most able and 'low-prior-ability' pupils are suitably challenged by appropriate tasks.
Some pupils join the school with low literacy levels and this affects their ability to access the curriculum; weak literacy skills are the main barrier to success for many of the pupils. A whole-school literacy programme includes developing pupils' love of reading, while enhancing their oracy and improving their writing skills, has been adopted by many curriculum areas.
Academics
At Key Stage 3, the curriculum complies with the statutory obligations to provide courses in National Curriculum subjects: English, Mathematics, Science, History, Geography, French, Design Technology, ICT, Art, Music, Drama and P.E., together with Religious Education which is delivered as 'Ethics and Philosophy', Citizenship, Careers education and Sex education. Key Stage 3 lasts for three years, year 9 however, is used to help students transition to the Key Stage 4 disciplines and some elements of the exam courses are started.
Every student, in years 10 and 11, follows examination courses in English (Language and Literature), mathematics and science (double or triple award), together with three options. The school has a fully comprehensive intake; the core subjects are taught in ability sets while the options are in the main taught in mixed ability groups.
References
External links
Willingdon Community School official website
Secondary schools in East Sussex
Eastbourne
Community schools in East Sussex
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41042827
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Croche%20Lake%20%28Sainte-Th%C3%A8cle%29
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Croche Lake (Sainte-Thècle)
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Croche Lake () is located in Sainte-Thècle, in the Mekinac Regional County Municipality, in Mauricie, in Quebec, Canada. From the beginning of the colonization of Sainte-Thècle (from 1867), the area around the lake was used for forestry and agriculture. By the mid- 20th Century, the resort has grown intensely. Today, this lake is renowned for its recreo-touristic attractions and activities.
Toponymy
Bank of place names of Commission de toponymie du Québec (Geographical Names Board of Quebec) has 293 names using the term "Croche". In the nineteenth Century, the term "Croche" has been widely adopted for naming rivers, lakes, streams and roads, during the exploration and colonization of the territories. In Quebec, a large number of homonyms "Lac Croche" create some confusion. As a result, many names "Lac Croche" are gradually replaced by more distinctive names.
The name "Lac Croche" was officially registered on December 5, 1968, at the Bank of place names of the Commission de toponymie du Québec
Geography
Croche Lake in Sainte-Thècle is part of a series of lakes in lines in the north-south axis between Hervey-Jonction and Saint-Tite: lac en coeur (Heart Lake), lac des tounes, Croche Lake, lac-aux-chicots (snags lake), lac à la peinture (painting lake), lac Trottier, lac à la perchaude (perch lake) and former lake Kapibouska (formed by a widening of the Rivière des Envies). Due to a geological fracture of bark land, Lac-aux-chicots et lac Croche are located at the foot of a long cliff more or less regular (located on the east side of the chain of lakes).
With a length of 3.9 km (including a strait 0.4 km between the mouth and "rue Du Pont" (street of the bridge), the shape of Lake Croche in Sainte-Thècle is particularly long. The northern part of the lake (the largest in area) looks like a big cucumber slightly misshapen, with a length of 2.4 km and a maximum width of 0.32 km. A pass (approximately 0.53 km in length with a few hooks and berries), connects the northern and southern part of the lake. The connotation "Croche" is more applicable to this narrow pass. The southern part of the lake (with a length of 0.45 km and a width of 0.35 km) has the shape of a boot with the tip pointing towards the mouth of the lac, on the west side. At the center of this part, the municipality has a giant illuminated fountain.
The "Lac en Coeur" (Heart Lake) at northwest of the hamlet of Hervey-Jonction is the head lake of the "Rivière en Coeur" (Heart river) that descends to the south through the "Lac des Tounes" (Lake of Tunes) (with a length of 0,2 km). Lake outlet of "Lac des tounes" (called "Heart River") flows from the north into the "Lac Croche".
The mouth of Lake Croche (south-west) drains into a stream that connects the outlet of the "Lac-aux-Chicots" where Clement Saint-Amand had operated a sawmill at Saint–Michel-South row. The latter discharge flows into the Rivière des Envies.
St. Jean Optismist Park that was built on the south-east of the lake, in the heart of the village of Sainte-Thècle, is a popular attraction for residents and visitors, especially in summer. It has a beautiful beach, picnic tables, activity areas for children and a variety of accommodations for the organization of public events. The designated Laurent Naud waterfront promenade from the "rue du Pont" (street of the bridge) goes up to the Saint-Jean Optimist Park. From this promenade, visitors can contemplate the beauty of the lake. The development of this promenade had narrowed a segment of rue Lacordaire and imposed a one-way traffic.
History
The colonization of the territory of Sainte-Thècle, located in the Lordship of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade began by clearing lots of Rang Saint -Michel, which borders the west side of the "Lac aux chicots"and "Lake Croche". At the beginning of the settlement, a first rudimentary road links the "rang des Pointes" (row of spikes) Saint-Tite to forest land (further north) which was recently opened to settlement. Before the construction of roads and bridges over the culverts, ice roads on Lake Croche and "Lac-aux-Chicots" (lake of snags) and allow the families of settlers to move to winter Saint-Tite, the main business center of the region, or still to logging camps until Missionary Lake. In summer, the settlers used small boats or barges.
Around 1915, Jeffrey Veillet built the first chalet in Ste-Thècle, on the shores of Lac Croche; this chalet site was subsequently acquired by Alcide Groleau. This building was later moved to the other side of the lake, on the land of Mrs. Josaphat Veillette. Around 1920, Paul Plamondon of the company Veillette Inc had the second chalet built on the shores of Lac Croche, on a plot of land by Émile Jobin, that is to say at the north end of the lake; this site was subsequently acquired by the Gray Nuns community. In 1959, Bruno Béland, Armand Groleau and Richard Béland each built a chalet. Subsequently, Américus Jobin, Gratien Baril, Alcide Groleau and Lucien St-Amand each built a chalet there.
This chain lake is bordered on the east side by Rang Saint-Pierre, which is colonized soon after Rang Saint -Michel and Saint-Joseph.
Lac Croche served including for the floating logs headed to sawmill of Theophile Magnan and his son Napoleon Magnan, built at the mouth of Lake Croche, near the dam.
Covered bridge of Lake Croche, connecting Rang Saint-Michel North and Du Pont Street in the lower village, was demolished in July 1955 to be replaced by the current bridge.
At the coldest peak of the winter, ice on the lake was cut by men on Lake Croche with handed saw in order to fill the coolers of village or rows residents. They lifted the ice with hooks ice. A public warehouse for ice was located at the edge of the lake, near the Tessier street.
See also
Sainte-Thècle
Rivière des Envies
Lordship of Sainte-Anne-de-la-Pérade
Mekinac Regional County Municipality
Batiscanie
Tawachiche River
Tawachiche West River
Batiscan River
Lake Traverse (Mékinac)
Lac des Chicots (Sainte-Thècle)
References
External links
Municipality of Sainte-Thècle:
Mékinac Regional County Municipality :
Lakes of Mauricie
Mékinac Regional County Municipality
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41042835
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harry%20Murray%20%28disambiguation%29
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Harry Murray (disambiguation)
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Harry Murray was an Australian VC recipient.
Harry Murray may also refer to:
Harry K. Murray, member of the Mississippi Senate
Harry Murray (Emmerdale)
Harry Murray, founder of Ulster Workers' Council
Harry Murray, one half of the comedy duo Murray and Mooney
See also
Henry Murray (disambiguation)
Harold Murray (disambiguation)
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41042841
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batadorp
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Batadorp
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Batadorp is a neighbourhood of the Dutch town of Best, just northwest of Eindhoven, where the Czech Bata Shoes company built a factory in 1934 on land that it bought from the municipality.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.geschiedenisvanbest.nl/plaatsen-en-gebieden/batadorp/ |title=Batadorp in Geschiedenis van Best.nl |access-date=2018-09-04 |archive-date=2020-10-27 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201027123620/http://www.geschiedenisvanbest.nl/plaatsen-en-gebieden/batadorp/ |url-status=dead }}</ref>
Bata sought expansion abroad, partly to circumvent tariffs, and built factories and entire villages. Bata had operated shops in the Netherlands since 1922, and chose to locate in Best because land and labour were cheaply available. It also had good transport links, being at the junction of the Wilhelmina Canal with the Beatrix Canal and close to a railway. The factory it built there in 1933 was an exact copy of the headquarters in Zlín.
At that time, Bata already had 28 shoe shops in the country, and this number grew to 150 in 1961. Many Bata shops had their own shoe repair and pedicure departments. The factory made ladies', men's, children's and sports shoes.
So that the employees could live near the factory, Bata built a town of 130 homes, separated from the centre of Best by the canal, along with schools, medical services and a hairdressers'. Bata built other such villages wherever it had factories.
Bata promoted order and cleanliness. Thus, the houses in the village have flat roofs, as attics would only encourage people to store clutter. The workers were not allowed to wear clogs, as Bata produced suitable footwear. The emphasis on hygiene can be seen as paternalistic but resulted in a level of welfare that was far ahead of its time. The company also established sports clubs, a theatre, a brass band and a volunteer fire brigade.
From the 1960s shoe production was moved to low-wage countries and Batadorp was sold to the municipality of Best. The network of shops - even the factory shop - had closed by 1996. The original buildings of Batadorp are now an industrial heritage site.
However, production continues at a reduced level. It now belongs to the Bata Protective division which was created in 1970 and makes speciality shoes. In 2008 about 160 employees produced 900,000 pairs of safety shoes and 1 million pairs of safety socks. The headquarters of the global division is located there.
Bibliography
Ondřej Ševeček, Martin Jemelka : Company Towns of the Bat'a Concern: History - Cases - Architecture'', Steiner 2013
Batadorp on plaatsengids.nl
References
Populated places in North Brabant
Best, Netherlands
Bata Corporation
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41042848
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold%20Murray
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Harold Murray
|
Harold Murray may refer to:
H. J. R. Murray (Harold James Ruthven Murray), educationalist and historian
J. Harold Murray, American baritone singer and actor
Harold Murray (bowls), Australian lawn bowls player
See also
Harry Murray (disambiguation)
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41042849
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Waddey%20Carter%20House
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John Waddey Carter House
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The John Waddey Carter House is a historic home located at Martinsville, Virginia. It was reportedly based on a design by architect George Franklin Barber and built in 1896. It is a two-story, irregularly massed, gray frame weatherboard sheathed Queen Anne style dwelling. It features a dominant two-story central gable, an asymmetrical one-story wrap-around porch, and a polygonal corner tower. It is topped by a standing-seam metal-clad hipped roof with steeply pitched lower cross gables. It also has a two-story bay window and service ell.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. It is located in the East Church Street-Starling Avenue Historic District.
References
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Houses completed in 1896
Queen Anne architecture in Virginia
Houses in Martinsville, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Martinsville, Virginia
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Virginia
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41042886
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anton%20Hofreiter
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Anton Hofreiter
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Anton "Toni" Hofreiter (born 2 February 1970) is a German politician who has been serving as a member of the Bundestag since the 2005 elections.
Political career
As a member of Alliance 90/The Greens, Hofreiter has been a member of the Bundestag since the 2005 elections. Between 2005 and 2013, he served as member of the Committee on Transport, Building and Urban Development; he served as chairman of the committee from 2011 until 2013. He was also member of the German-Austrian Parliamentary Friendship Group.
Hofreiter served as co-chair of the Green Party's parliamentary group, together with Katrin Göring-Eckardt from October 2013 to December 2021. In 2013, he was elected unopposed as the sole candidate of the group's left faction. In September 2019, both Hofreiter and Göring-Eckardt were unsuccessfully challenged by Cem Özdemir and Kirsten Kappert-Gonther.
In 2011, Hofreiter joined Gerhard Schick, Hans-Christian Ströbele and Winfried Hermann in their successful 2011 constitutional complaint against the refusal of Chancellor Angela Merkel's government to provide information on the Deutsche Bahn and financial market supervision. In its judgment pronounced in 2017, the Federal Constitutional Court held that the government had indeed failed to fulfil its duty to give answers in response to parliamentary queries and to sufficiently substantiate the reasons.
Since the 2021 elections, Hofreiter has been serving as chairman of the Committee on European Affairs. In addition to his committee assignments, he has been a member of the German delegation to the Franco-German Parliamentary Assembly since 2022.
Political positions
Human rights
Following 2012 reports by Spiegel Online according to which a luxury Boeing 767 belonging to Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko was refitted by Lufthansa Technik in Hamburg with expensive accoutrement to further accommodate Lukashenko's expensive tastes, Hofreiter criticized the company for cooperating with a "dictator who gives orders for the death penalty and violently destroys the opposition".
In January 2015, Hofreiter criticized a decision by police in the eastern city of Dresden to ban an anti-Islam march after death threats toward an organizer, slamming the move as a worrying restriction on freedom of speech. In the European migration crisis, Hofreiter is an outspoken proponent of a liberal migration policy.
European integration
In a 2014 debate on a reform of the voting rules in the Governing Council of the European Central Bank, Hofreiter strongly criticized calls for a power of veto, saying to the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung: "Bundesbank chief Jens Weidmann is not Germany's vicegerent in the ECB Council".
Other activities
Denkwerk Demokratie, Member of the Advisory Board
German United Services Trade Union (ver.di), Member
References
External links
Official website
Biography (FAZ.net, October 2013)
1970 births
Members of the Bundestag for Bavaria
Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich alumni
21st-century German biologists
Living people
Politicians from Munich
Members of the Bundestag 2021–2025
Members of the Bundestag 2017–2021
Members of the Bundestag 2013–2017
Members of the Bundestag 2009–2013
Members of the Bundestag 2005–2009
Members of the Bundestag for Alliance 90/The Greens
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41042900
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyond%20the%20Veil%20of%20Stars
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Beyond the Veil of Stars
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Beyond the Veil of Stars is a science-fiction novel by Robert Reed, first published in 1994. It describes a world in which the sky undergoes a transformation that prevents people from seeing the stars, giving them instead a view of the other side of the world, as if the Earth had been turned inside out. Accompanying this transformation are increased reports of UFO activity and the appearance of large circles of black glass at thousands of locations across the planet. Once the panic dies down, people resume their normal lives. Meanwhile, a shadowy government agency begins experiments using "quantum intrusions" to travel to other worlds.
Plot summary
Cornell Novak grows up with his father, a UFO investigator, who travels frequently to investigate reports of lights in the sky, alien abductions, and the continuing appearances of circles of black glass at random locations, including Central Park in New York City. Cornell's mother disappeared when he was four, an event that his father says was alien abduction. They live in a slightly seedy suburban cul-de-sac with fortunately tolerant neighbors, who turn a blind eye to Cornell's father's unwillingness to carry out the usual suburban chores.
One night when Cornell is about 11 years old, he is out looking at the night sky when the stars disappear and are replaced by a view of the daylight side of the Earth. It quickly becomes apparent that the entire planet has a similar view. Politicians and scientists rush to control the situation, assuring people that the effect is some kind of illusion, since spacecraft in orbit are unaffected and can still see the stars and planets normally.
However one Russian mathematician proposes an alternative theory. According to this, the entire universe was restructured by other intelligences long ago. The infinite universe that was previously visible is only one way of looking at spacetime. Other ways exist that see the universe as a connected set of structures that enclose each planet. At some point the observation of the sky by the inhabitants of each planet causes the view of infinity to "evert", replacing one view of the universe with another equally valid one.
Cornell grows up to become a drifter of sorts. He moves from job to job, city to city. His father becomes moderately famous for a while during the period after the sky eversion. Cornell signs up for a pharmaceutical testing program to earn some money, but quickly realizes it is a cover for something else. He is recruited by the "CEA" or Cosmic Event Agency to travel to other worlds through "quantum intrusions". These act like portals with one special property. Anybody passing through to the other side is transformed into a copy of the closest matching species on the other side. No artifacts of any kind can be carried through. In effect, only the mind travels to the other world and back.
Cornell befriends a woman called Porsche Neal, a former professional basketball player. She is part of an expedition to a world referred to as "High Desert". In that world, the major intelligent species appears to consist of individuals with seven separate bodies: six mobile bipeds with limbs and a single limbless sphere containing the brain that controls the other bodies telepathically. The bipeds drag the brain around using its long hair. Humans have to learn to deal with senses that give them six different views of the world simultaneously. Some go mad in the process.
In High Desert no actual members of the native species have been encountered. The team from Earth is kept busy constructing buildings using stone age technology, since there are no metals for them to use. They are also trying to construct bridges across the canyons that confine them to a high plateau, moving towards a place where their telepathic senses tell them there is some kind alien habitation. The work is dangerous and occasionally claims the life of one or more of an individual's selves, and sometimes even the brain.
Porsche and Cornell become close and fall in love. At the same time, Logan, the expedition leader, is becoming erratic. Eventually he falls under the influence of the telepathic presence they all feel. It consists of a giant brain that controls thousands of bodies in a city in the lowlands. All the expedition are transported to the city where the brain intends to absorb them. However Porsche is able to communicate with the brain and persuade it to let a few of them return to prevent others coming to the world. They are allowed just enough bodies to drag their brains back to the portal, many kilometers away.
At this point Cornell confesses his suspicions to Porsche. She is not just another explorer from Earth, but originally came from another planet altogether using a portal. Porsche admits that this is true. Her people wander from world to world gaining knowledge of different cultures. She joined the project to locate others with the talent to use the portals. The glass disks represent portals to safe worlds, but they can only be opened by equipment that her people know how to make. The portals used by the CEA are not safe, but can be opened by the brute force of the equipment that the CEA has made. The CEA has been growing rich and influential by exploiting technological knowledge found on other worlds, but is becoming aware that others like Porsche know how to use the portals. The knowledge of the portals is being kept secret, which makes it dangerous for Porsche's people to reveal themselves.
Porsche and Cornell manage to get themselves discharged from the project after the High Desert debacle. The casualties are covered up by staging a plane crash at sea. Cornell seeks out his father, from whom he has been estranged since he discovered that his mother simply left, and had not been abducted as his father claimed. His father is living on some land he bought that has one of the glass disks on it. Cornell tries to tell him about the intrusions, but finds he has been conditioned to be unable to do this. However Porsche can reveal the truth about the glass disk. Placing a few innocent-looking tools on the disk activates it. Standing on the center Cornell can look up and see all the other disks as points of light across the world.
Sequel
This novel is followed by Beneath the Gated Sky, in which Porsche and Cornell have to deal with the CEA and other alien visitors who do not simply explore other worlds, but try to disrupt their societies so they can take over.
External links
1994 American novels
American science fiction novels
Novels by Robert Reed
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41042907
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vapa%20Cove
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Vapa Cove
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Vapa Cove (, ) is the 1.65 km wide cove indenting for 1.1 km the west coast of Liège Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It is entered north of Polezhan Point and south of Disilitsa Point, and has its head fed by Pleystor Glacier.
The cove is named after Vapa Peak in Rila Mountain, Bulgaria.
Location
Vapa Cove is centred at . British mapping in 1980.
Maps
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1980.
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR), 1993–2016.
References
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
Vapa Cove. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
External links
Vapa Cove. Copernix satellite image
Coves of Graham Land
Bulgaria and the Antarctic
Liège Island
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41042929
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inlandia%20Institute
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Inlandia Institute
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The Inlandia Institute is a literary and cultural organization based in Riverside, California whose mission "is to recognize, support and expand literary activity in the Inland Empire, thereby deepening people’s awareness, understanding, and appreciation of this unique, complex and creatively vibrant area." Inlandia started as a joint project of the Riverside Public Library and Heyday Books in 2007 and was formally established as an independent non-profit organization in June 2009.
Marion Mitchell-Wilson served as its Executive Director from its inception until 2012 when she stepped down due to health reasons. Cati Porter, acclaimed Riverside poet and editor, became Executive Director of the Inlandia Institute after Mitchell-Wilson's departure.
History
The Inlandia Institute began as a result of the anthology Inlandia: A Literary Journey Through California's Inland Empire published by Heyday Books in 2006. The positive response to the book - which provided the Inland Empire its first cohesive literary identity by bringing together in one literary endeavor a selection of the diverse communities that comprise the region - made it clear that there was a demand for more literary content from and about the Inland Empire. Shortly after the publication of the anthology, Malcolm Margolin, founder and owner of Heyday Books, began receiving numerous requests for more literary content produced by area residents.
After a book launch event in Palm Desert, Margolin and Mitchell-Wilson met with Riverside Public Library director Barbara Custen to discuss ways to build upon the success of the book. It was Custen who coined the term "Inlandia Institute".
The City of Riverside and Heyday Books entered into a Memorandum of Understanding to establish the Inlandia Institute in August 2007. The Institute incorporated as an independent non-profit organization in 2009, at which point it moved out of the Riverside Public Library to its current space in downtown Riverside.
Inlandia has been hosting the Inlandia Creative Writing Showcase since 2008.
Literary Prizes
Inlandia offers a variety of literary prizes, with awardees receiving $1000 and publication of their manuscripts. (Other promising manuscripts may also be offered publication.)
Since 2015, Inlandia Institute has awarded two annual prizes for books of poetry in honor of Hillary Gravendyk (1979-2014), "a beloved poet living and teaching in Southern California’s 'Inland Empire' region." Recipients of the Hillary Gravendyk Poetry Prize include:
Inlandia has also offered an annual prize in prose since 2020. The Eliud Martínez Prize "was established to honor the memory of Eliud Martínez (1935–2020), artist, novelist, and professor emeritus of creative writing at the University of California, Riverside." This prize is available to authors who identify as Hispanic, Latino/a/x, or Chicana/o/x. Recipients of the Eliud Martínez Prose Prize include:
List of Books
Rose Hill: An Intermarriage before Its Time / Carlos Cortés
Flora of the Santa Ana River and Environs: With References to World Botany / Oscar F. Clarke
Two Chilies Dos Chiles / by Julianna Maya Cruz
Inlandia: A Literary Journey
Vital Signs / Poetry by Juan Delgado; Photography by Thomas McGovern
2011 Writing from Inlandia / Inlandia Institute
2012 Writing from Inlandia / Inlandia Institute
Backyard Birds of the Inland Empire / Sheila N. Kee
Dream Street / Douglas McCulloh; foreword by D. J. Waldie
No Place for a Puritan: The Literature of California’s Deserts / Edited by Ruth Nolan
References
External links
Inlandia Institute
Inlandia: A Literary Journal
Organizational Profile – National Center for Charitable Statistics (Urban Institute)
Organizations based in Riverside, California
Arts organizations based in California
California literature
Writers from Riverside, California
Inland Empire
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41042933
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elmer%2C%20Pennsylvania
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Elmer, Pennsylvania
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Elmer is an unincorporated community in Potter County, Pennsylvania, United States.
Notable person
Fred Churchill Leonard, member of the United States House of Representatives, was born in Elmer.
Notes
Unincorporated communities in Potter County, Pennsylvania
Unincorporated communities in Pennsylvania
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41042944
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ketchikan%20Creek
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Ketchikan Creek
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Ketchikan Creek (alternate, "Fish Creek"; Tlingit, "Kitschkhin") is a salmon spawning stream on Revillagigedo Island in the U.S. state of Alaska. It heads in a lake and travels through downtown Ketchikan
to Tongass Narrows. The historic Creek Street in Ketchikan runs along the creek banks as a piling-perched boardwalk.
References
Ketchikan, Alaska
Rivers of Alaska
Rivers of Ketchikan Gateway Borough, Alaska
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41042947
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20Los%20Angeles%20Unified%20School%20District%20people
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List of Los Angeles Unified School District people
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This is a list of notable alumni, faculty and current students of the American Los Angeles Unified School District, located in Los Angeles, California.
Notable alumni
Academia, science and technology
Vint Cerf, computer scientist, one of the "fathers of the Internet"
Walt Cunningham, astronaut
John McCarthy (1927–2011), computer technology, "father of artificial intelligence"
Glenn T. Seaborg, nuclear chemistry, Nobel Laureate
Arts and literature
Ray Bradbury, author
Helen Gurley Brown, author, publisher, and businesswoman who founded Cosmopolitan magazine
James Ellroy, writer
Craig Ellwood (1922–1992), architect
Murray Fromson, CBS News correspondent and USC professor
Edith Head (1897–1981), Academy Award-winning costume designer
Karl Hubenthal (1917–1998), cartoonist
Adela Rogers St. Johns (1894–1988), journalist, novelist, and screenwriter
Jack Smith (1916–1996), columnist, journalist
Irving Stone, writer
Film, television, and theatre
Byron Allen, talk show host
Carol Burnett, comedian
Adam Carolla, comedian
Richard Crenna (1926–2003), actor
Leonardo DiCaprio, actor
Micky Dolenz, actor/musician/drummer of The Monkees
Nanette Fabray, actor
Mike Frankovich (1909–1992), film producer
Joel Grey née Joel David Katz (1950), singer and actor
Rita Hayworth née Margarita Carmen Cansino, actress
Carole Lombard, actress
Quinn Martin, producer
Ricardo Montalbán (1920–2009), actor
David Nelson, actor
Ricky Nelson, actor
Anthony Quinn (1915–2001), actor
Robert Redford, actor
Mort Sahl, humorist
Tom Selleck, actor
Coy Watson, Jr. (1912–2009), child actor, Hollywood Walk of Fame, the Watson Family
Delmar Watson (1926–2008), actor, photo-journalist, Hollywood Walk of Fame, the Watson Family
Harry R. Watson (1921–2001), actor, photo-journalist, Hollywood Walk of Fame, the Watson Family
Jack Webb (1920–1982), producer, director, actor
Robert Young, actor
Regina King, actress, director, Academy Award winner
Music
Steven Adler, musician, drummer (Guns N' Roses)
Herb Alpert, musician, music industry executive
Michael "Flea" Balzary, musician, bassist, trumpet player (Red Hot Chili Peppers)
Odetta Holmes (1930–2008), folk singer, activist
Stan Kenton (1911–1979), pianist, composer, and arranger
Jerome "Jerry" Leiber (1933–2011), lyricist of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
Phil Spector, record producer
Mike Stoller, music of Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller
Michael Tilson Thomas, conductor, pianist and composer
O'Shea "Ice Cube" Jackson, rapper, director, actor, producer, and founder of the Big Three Basketball league
Roger Wagner, choral musician, administrator and educator
Athletics
Garret Anderson, former MLB player with the Los Angeles Angels, Atlanta Braves and Los Angeles Dodgers
Gilbert Arenas, professional basketball player, NBA All-Star with Washington Wizards
Ron Botchan, NFL official
Anthony Davis, USC star running back and later pro football player in the NFL and Canadian Football leagues
Oscar De La Hoya, former world champion and gold medal-winning boxer and founder of Golden Boy Promotions
Don Drysdale,(1936-1993) National Baseball Hall of Fame pitcher
Jordan Farmar, NBA basketball player
Jeff Fisher, former NFL player and head coach
Gail Goodrich, basketball player in the NBA, attended UCLA
Luis (Lou) Gomez, MLB player
Mike Haynes, NFL Hall of Famer
Robert Lyles, NFL player
Gary Matthews, former Major League Baseball player
Dick Moje, National Football League
Jim E. Mora, football coach
Eddie Murray, Baseball Hall of Famer
Bobby Riggs (1918–1995), tennis player
Charles White, football player, Heisman Trophy winner
Ozzie Smith, Baseball Hall of Famer
Mal Whitfield, athlete
Medicine
David Ho, AIDS researcher, physician and Time magazine's 1996 Man of the Year
Sammy Lee, MD, Olympic gold medalist in diving
Norman Topping (1908–1997), MD, president of the University of Southern California
Business and law
Lee Baca, Sheriff of Los Angeles County, 1998–2014
Warren Christopher, U.S. Secretary of State
Jimmy Doolittle, aviation pioneer
Daryl F. Gates, Los Angeles Police Chief, 1978 to 1992
Carlos R. Moreno, California Supreme Court Justice (Cl. of 1966)
Dorothy Wright Nelson, United States federal judge
Harry Pregerson, a judge on the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit
Manuel Lawrence Real, a judge of the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California
Henry Samueli, co-founder of Broadcom
Politics and Government
Howard Berman, Former U.S. Representative
Tom Bradley (1917–1998), Mayor of Los Angeles
Ralph Bunche, educator, UN mediator on Palestine and Nobel Peace Prize Winner
Vickie Castro, Activist and member of the LAUSD School Board
James Charles Corman (1920–2000), Congressman
Ron Downing, City Manager; UCLA and Harvard University
Kenneth Hahn (1920–1997), member of the Los Angeles County Board of Supervisors
Jane L. Harman, U.S. House of Representatives
Augustus F. Hawkins, U.S. House of Representatives from California's 21st and 29th district from 1963–1991; California assembly from 1935–1963
Jack Kemp, politician and professional football player
Glenard P. Lipscomb (1915–1970), Congressman
Howard McKeon, U.S. House of Representatives from the 25th District (1993-2015)(
Louis R. Nowell (1915–2000), Los Angeles City Council member, 1963–77
Edward R. Roybal, (1917-2005) member of the U.S. House of Representatives(1963-93)
Vincent Thomas (1907–1980), California Assemblyman
Antonio Villaraigosa, 41st Mayor of Los Angeles
Miscellaneous
Patrick Argüello (1943–1970), US-Nicaraguan national killed in the attempted hijack of an El Al flight, as carried out by the PFLP
Al Michaels, Television sportscaster
Notable faculty
Salvador B. Castro (1933–2013), Mexican-American educator and activist
Jaime Escalante, (1930-2010) educator
Jim Tunney, principal and NFL official
Fay Allen, first African-American woman to be elected to the Los Angeles Unified School District board.
See also
List of people from Los Angeles
References
Los Angeles Unified School District people
Los Angeles Unified School District people
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41042951
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimis%20Traiforos
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Mimis Traiforos
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Mimis Traiforos (; 15 October 1913, in Piraeus – 26 March 1998, in Athens) was a Greek writer and lyricist.
In 1934 he collaborated as an actor with Attik and later in 1940 with singer Sofia Vembo, his future wife. Some of Vembo's best successes were of his lyrics. Also, notable composers of the era collaborated with him, such as Giorgos Mouzakis, Manos Hatzidakis, Michalis Souyioul and Kostas Giannidis.
He worked also as a theatrical writer and wrote many revues.
He died in 1998.
References
1913 births
1998 deaths
Greek male songwriters
Greek lyricists
Musicians from Piraeus
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41042969
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Lau
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Billy Lau
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Billy Lau Nam Kwong (born 3 April 1954) is a Hong Kong film actor. He is best known for playing the Police Captain in Mr. Vampire (1985), and went on to be cast in similar roles. He has appeared in many comedy and horror films.
Personal life
Before acting Lau was an optician for some time and treated Bey Logans' wife's.
After the closure of Digital Broadcasting Corporation on 10 October 2012. Lau, activists and radio hosts began a three-day sit-in protest in front of the government headquarters due to freedom of speech concerns. Lau went on hunger strike more than 130 hours and eventual went to hospital. An Internet radio station D100 was established due to the closure of Digital Broadcast Corporation.
Filmography
TV Series
Film
TV ads
1984–1986: Ocean Park Hong Kong
Nomination
Lau was nominated at Hong Kong film for best supporting actor and best newcomer but lost to Maggie Cheung – Behind the Yellow Line
References
External links
Billy Lau at Hong Kong Movie Database
1954 births
Living people
20th-century Hong Kong male actors
21st-century Hong Kong male actors
Hong Kong male film actors
Hong Kong film directors
Hong Kong film presenters
Hong Kong film producers
Hong Kong screenwriters
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41042973
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dictyna%20arundinacea
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Dictyna arundinacea
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Dictyna arundinacea is a species of spider belonging to the family Dictynidae. It has a holarctic distribution; It is found throughout Britain and northern Europe.
The body length excluding legs is about 2 to 3.5 mm, the females being slightly larger than the males. The carapace is dark brown. The head is covered with five rows of white hairs. The abdomen has a pattern of white hairs with a gap in the cardiac region and at the rear. The legs are brownish yellow.
Dictyna arundinacea normally builds webs in the dried heads of plants and on gorse and heather, but they can build on walls and other objects.
References
External links
Dictyna arundinacea, Spider and Harvestman Recording Scheme website
Dictyna arundinacea, Eurospiders.com
Dictynidae
Spiders described in 1758
Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
Holarctic spiders
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41042996
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coordination%20of%20Democratic%20Rights%20Organisations
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Coordination of Democratic Rights Organisations
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Coordination of Democratic Rights Organisations (CDRO) is a union of twenty civil liberties and democratic rights associations in India. Its member organisations meet a minimum of three to four times annually, and all of them holds equal status within the CDRO, and work in the democratic manner. It was founded in August 2007 "in the context of the violent state repression of people's movements in India as well as the arrest of democratic rights activists."
Beliefs and objectives
"The right to organize and struggle is a basic democratic right of the people."
"To stand united against all forms of state repression on people’s democratic struggles."
"To support with solidarity actions in the event of attacks by the state on any civil rights organisations or its representatives."
Members
It has twenty members, as follows:
See also
Citizen's Justice Committee
Confederation of Human Rights Organizations
References
External links
facebook page
JKCCS Resolution on Kashmir - adopted on 20 April 2013 in a public meeting at Srinagar and Endorsed by CDRO and others, People's Union for Democratic Rights
2007 establishments in India
Civil liberties advocacy groups
Civil rights organizations
Human rights organisations based in India
Political organisations based in India
Organizations established in 2007
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41042998
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie%20Th%C3%A9r%C3%A8se%20P%C3%A9roux%20d%27Abany
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Marie Thérèse Péroux d'Abany
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Marie Thérèse Péroux d’Abany (1753 – 24 March 1821) was a French writer.
Biography
Madame d'Abany was born at Rouen. Her marriage with the violent-tempered officer d’Abany was not happy. After the separation from her husband, she settled down in Saint-Germain-en-Laye. In 1821, she died in the convent of Saint-Thomas-de-Villeneuve, where she had led a pious life.
Works
In 1801, Madame d'Abany wrote a Biblical novel for young girls titled Seïla, fille de Jephté, juge et prince des Hébreux. The novel was published in Paris in two volumes. At the end of the work, the extremely virtuous daughter experiences an ascension to heaven after she has gone with her father to the sacrificial site.
In her prose poem L’Amazone française ou Jeanne d'Arc (2 volumes, 1819 and 1823), the strictly Catholic and royalist-minded author has Joan of Arc predict for Blanche of Castile the French Revolution, the death of King Louis XVI and the reign of Louis XVIII.
References
P. Berret: Abany (Marie-Thérèse Péroux d’). In: Dictionnaire de biographie française (DBF). Vol. 1 (1932), col. 24.
External links
Full text of Seïla, fille de Jephté, juge et prince des Hébreux - The full text hosted by the Bibliothèque Nationale de France
French women writers
1753 births
1821 deaths
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41043005
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haandbryggeriet
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Haandbryggeriet
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Haandbryggeriet is a Norwegian brewery founded in 2005 by Jens Maudal, Rune Eriksen, Arne Eide and Egil Hilde. The brewery was situated at the site of an old textile factory in Drammen, then in a railroad yard, and now resides in an old industrial building. Their brewing equipment was bought used in England and has a capacity of about 900 liters per batch. Production in 2006 was near 40,000 liters. In 2012, production was expected to be approximately 350,000 liters, using an 800 liter brewing equipment. In 2013, they upgraded yet again, to a 5,000 liter brewing tank.
Haandbryggeriet offer a number of beers, most of which are available domestically from the Vinmonopolet and grocery stores. They also export much of their beer, especially to the United States.
The beer they brew is not filtered, pasteurized or artificially carbonated, qualifying them as real ales.
Haandbryggeriet has also begun importing specialty beers from highly regarded microbreweries abroad, including Brouwerij De Molen, De Dolle Brouwers, Jolly Pumpkin and Southern Tier (USA).
See also
Beer in Norway
Barrel-aged beer
Sour beer
References
Breweries in Norway
Companies based in Drammen
Norwegian companies established in 2005
Food and drink companies established in 2005
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41043014
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleystor%20Glacier
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Pleystor Glacier
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Pleystor Glacier (, ) is the 2.2 km long and 1.2 km wide glacier on the west side of Brugmann Mountains on Liège Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica. It is situated south-southwest of Zbelsurd Glacier, draining the south slopes of Mishev Bluff, the southwest slopes of Pavlov Peak and the northwest slopes of Mount Vesalius, and flowing west-northwestwards into Vapa Cove.
The glacier is named after the Thracian god Pleystor.
Location
Pleystor Glacier is centred at . British mapping in 1978 and 1980.
See also
List of glaciers in the Antarctic
Glaciology
Maps
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 60. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1978.
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1980.
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
References
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
Pleystor Glacier. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
External links
Pleystor Glacier. Copernix satellite image
Glaciers of the Palmer Archipelago
Bulgaria and the Antarctic
Liège Island
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41043026
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CGR%200-4-0ST%201873
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CGR 0-4-0ST 1873
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The Cape Government Railways 0-4-0ST of 1873 was a South African steam locomotive from the pre-Union era in the Cape of Good Hope.
In 1873, two Cape gauge locomotives were placed in construction service by Mac Donald & Company, contractors to the Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage Railway Company. When the contract was completed in 1875, the railway and the locomotives were taken over by the Midland System of the Cape Government Railways. A third locomotive, built to the same design, was delivered to the Western System in Cape Town in 1874. These were the first Cape gauge locomotives to enter service in South Africa.
Cape railways expansion
When the control of railways in the Cape of Good Hope was taken over by the Colonial Government on 1 January 1873 and the Cape Government Railways (CGR) was established with the object of railways expansion, a Select Committee was appointed to study the question of track gauge. The choice which had to be made was between the existing Standard gauge of and the narrower gauge of , which would effect savings of up to one-third on construction cost.
The CGR Chief Railway Engineer William George Brounger was opposed to the adoption of a narrower gauge on the grounds that, while initial cost would be less, operating costs would be higher. The narrow gauge had been proposed by civil engineer R. Thomas Hall, Superintendent of the narrow gauge Redruth and Chacewater Railway in Cornwall, who was involved in the construction, beginning in 1869, of the Namaqualand Railway which was being built to that gauge between Port Nolloth and O'okiep for the Cape Copper Mining Company. The committee, with a three-to-one vote, settled on a compromise between the two recommended gauges and the Cape gauge came into existence in Southern Africa.
Manufacturer
The first three locomotives for the new Cape gauge lines were built by Manning Wardle & Company in 1873 and 1874. The first two, ex works on 12 March and 3 May 1873 respectively, were delivered in 1873 to Mac Donald & Company, contractors to the Port Elizabeth and Uitenhage Railway Company in Port Elizabeth. The contractors named them Pioneer and Little Bess respectively.
The third locomotive, ex works on 6 February 1874, was delivered to the Western System in Cape Town in 1874 and was numbered W46 in the Western's number range.
Johnston link-and-pin coupler
From the arrival of the first railway locomotive in South Africa, the Cape Town Railway & Dock 0-4-0T of 1859, all railway rolling stock had been equipped with buffers-and-chain coupling, variations of which are still in use in the United Kingdom and Europe.
These locomotives of 1873 introduced the bell-shaped Johnston link-and-pin coupler, commonly known as a bell link-and-pin coupler, which was to become the standard coupler on Cape gauge rolling stock in the Cape of Good Hope, the Colony of Natal and the Zuid-Afrikaansche Republiek. In South Africa, all new Cape gauge locomotives and rolling stock acquired between 1873 and 1927 were equipped with these or similar couplers.
Cape Midland System
By 1872, Port Elizabeth already possessed extensive Standard gauge trackage between the harbour and Swartkops, but trains were still animal-hauled. Work by contractors Mac Donald's on railway expansion from Port Elizabeth into the interior commenced in June 1872. The two locomotives which were delivered to them in 1873 were utilised as construction engines.
The first train ran as far as Sydenham in October 1873, and of railway was completed by 1874. When the two new lines were opened in 1875, northwestward to Uitenhage and northward from Swartkops to Barkly Bridge, the lines and the construction locomotives were taken over by the CGR and the locomotives were numbered M1 and M2 for the Midland System. These two locomotives, together with a smaller engine named Mliss which joined them on construction work in 1874, are considered the pioneers of locomotives over the greater part of the Midland System.
Cape Western System
By 1874, when the third of the first three locomotives, no. W46, was delivered to the Western System, construction work was proceeding in two directions from Wellington. New Cape gauge track was being laid deeper into the interior towards Worcester, while track dual-gauging was being undertaken back from Wellington towards Cape Town.
References
0040
0-4-0ST locomotives
B locomotives
Manning Wardle locomotives
Railway locomotives introduced in 1873
1873 in South Africa
Scrapped locomotives
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41043037
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Wonder%20%28horse%29
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The Wonder (horse)
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The Wonder (foaled 1978) was a French-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. The Wonder was one of the best horses of his generation in France at two, three and four years of age: his wins included the Prix de Condé, Critérium de Saint-Cloud, Prix Greffulhe, Prix d'Ispahan, Prix Edmond Blanc and Prix Jacques Le Marois. In 1983 he was transferred to the United States where he won the San Bernardino Handicap, Century Handicap and Californian Stakes. He was then retired to stud where he had moderate success as a sire of winners.
Background
The Wonder was a "tall, lengthy" dark brown horse with no white markings bred in France by Alain du Breil, the president of the Societe de Steeple-Chases, the governing body of French jump racing. He was the only horse of any consequence sired by Wittgenstein, a Florida-bred stallion who won the Critérium de Maisons-Laffitte in 1973. The Wonder was the first foal of The Lark, the only Thoroughbred mare owned by du Breil. She later produced the Badener Sprint-Cup winner Areias. The Wonder originally raced in the colours of du Breil's wife and was trained by Jacques de Chevigny.
Racing career
1980: two-year-old season
After finishing fourth in a race over 1100 metres on his racecourse debut, The Wonder won a race over 1400m at Évry Racecourse and the Prix des Foals at Deauville Racecourse in August. The colt was then moved up in class and distance for the Group Three Prix Saint-Roman over 1800m at Longchamp Racecourse on 4 October. Ridden by Alain Lequeux he finished strongly to finish third of the eight runners, beaten a neck and a head by Mariacho and Arc d'Or. Two weeks later, The Wonder was moved up to 2000m for the Group Three Prix de Condé on soft ground at Longchamp. Ridden by Yves Saint-Martin he was in fifth place 150m from the finish but produced a strong late run on the inside to take the lead in the final strides and won by a neck from Ledmir. The Wonder ended his first season in the Critérium de Saint-Cloud (then a Group Two race) on 17 November in which he was ridden by Alfred Gibert. Starting the 2.2/1 second favourite he took the lead 300m from the finish and won by a length from Mont Pelion. In their annual Racehorses of 1980, the independent Timeform organisation described The Wonder as a "stayer", who would require "at least a mile and a quarter" to show his best form.
1981: three-year-old season
On his three-year-old debut, The Wonder finished second to No Lute in the Prix Greffulhe over 2100m at Longchamp, but was awarded the race after the winner's post-race urine test showed traces of Nandrolone, an anabolic steroid. No Lute was cleared to run in the Prix Lupin on 17 May and beat The Wonder by three lengths. The Wonder moved up in distance to contest the Prix du Jockey Club over 2400m at Chantilly Racecourse on 7 June. Ridden by Lester Piggott he faded in the closing stages and finished tenth of the twelve runners behind Bikala.
On 4 July, The Wonder was matched against older horses for the first time in the Group One Prix d'Ispahan over 1900m at Longchamp. Ridden by Lequeux, he started a 13/1 outsider in a field which included the Poule d'Essai des Poulains winner Recitation, the Poule d'Essai des Pouliches winner Aryenne, the Prix Jean Prat winner Cresta Rider, the Prix du Jockey Club runner-up Akarad and the improving ex-Italian-trained Northjet. The Wonder produced an impressive performance to record his first success at the highest level, winning by two lengths from Northjet, with Cresta Rider three-quarters of a length away in third. The Wonder then contested France's two most important weight-for-age mile races, the Prix Jacques Le Marois at Deauville and the Prix du Moulin at Longchamp. In the former race, he finished fifth in an exceptionally strong field behind Northjet, To-Agori-Mou, Kings Lake and Hilal. In the latter race he finished third beaten one and a half lengths and a nose by Northjet and Hilal.
On his final appearance of the season The Wonder was sent to England to contest the Champion Stakes at Newmarket Racecourse on 17 October. Ridden by Gibert, he started at odds of 9/1 despite reports that he had been performing poorly in training. He finished sixth of the sixteen runners behind Vayrann, ahead of many good horses including Master Willie, Madam Gay and Kirtling.
1982: four-year-old season
In 1982, The Wonder entered the ownership of the Marquese de Moratalla, who was best known as an owner of steeplechasers such as The Fellow. He began his season in March when he was an easy winner of the Group Three Prix Edmond Blanc over 1600m at Saint-Cloud against moderate opposition. He finished fourth in his next two races including the Lockinge Stakes in England and then finished second to Al Nasr in both the Prix Dollar and the Prix d'Ispahan. In July he again failed to reproduce his best form in Britain, finishing unplaced behind On The House in the Sussex Stakes at Goodwood Racecourse. On 15 August, The Wonder was ridden for the first time by the Irish jockey Pat Eddery in the Group One Prix Jacques Le Marois at Deauville. He started at odds of 6.2/1 in a field which included Green Forest, Zino, Melyno (Poule d'Essai des Poulains), Noalcoholic (Prix Messidor) and Exclusive Order (Prix Maurice de Gheest). Eddery held up the colt in the early stages before producing a strong run to take the lead in the last 200m and won by three-quarters of a length from Green Forest, with Zino a further three-quarters of a length back in third. In September, The Wonder finished second to Green Forest in the Prix du Moulin at Longchamp and on his final appearance he finished second to the Irish-trained three-year-old Pas de Seul in the 1400m Prix de la Forêt in October. In the latter race Eddery was criticised for making his challenge too early, and there was some speculation that he had mistakenly timed his run for the first winning post rather than the second.
In late 1982, The Wonder was being advertised as a breeding stallion for 1983, standing at the Haras de Clarbec, but a change of plan saw him sent to continue his racing career in the United States, where he was trained by Charles Whittingham.
1983: five-year-old season
The Wonder was based at Santa Anita Park, in the early part of 1983, and opened his American career with a three and a half length win in an allowance race on 27 February. A week later he was moved up in class and carried top weight of 124 pounds the Grade I Santa Anita Handicap on dirt, but finished thirteenth behind Bates Motel. On 17 April The Wonder recorded his first major success in the United States when he won the nine furlong San Bernardino Handicap, beating Konewah and the Strub Stakes winner Swing Till Dawn. The horse then moved to Hollywood Park Racetrack and won the Grade I Century Handicap on Turf on 7 May, ridden by Bill Shoemaker. A month later at the same course, The Wonder contested the Grade I Californian Stakes. He was in last place, more than fifteen lengths behind the leaders in the early stages, but produced a strong late run to win by a nose from Prince Spellbound with Poley in third place. The Wonder's winning run came to an end when he finished seventh, as the 11-10 favourite, behind John Henry in the American Handicap on 4 July. The horse returned to form in August to finish second to Bates Motel in the San Diego Handicap, but then finished unplaced behind Tolomeo in the Budweiser Million later that month. On his final racecourse appearance he finished sixth behind Bel Bolide in the Carleton F. Burke Handicap at Santa Anita in October.
Assessment
In 1980, the independent Timeform organisation gave The Wonder a rating of 123, eleven pounds below their top-rated two-year-old Storm Bird. In the official International Classification he was rated nine pounds behind Storm Bird. In 1981, Timeform gave the colt a peak annual rating of 129, eleven pounds below Shergar: he was rated the ninth-best European three-year-old in the International Classification. In 1982 he was rated 127 by Timeform and was rated the eighth-best older horse in Europe in the International Classification.
Stud record
The Wonder stood as a breeding stallion in the United States and France with mixed result. The best of his flat race runners was A Magicman, a German-trained colt whose wins included the Prix de la Forêt, Prix de la Porte Maillot, Ostermann-Pokal, Oettingen-Rennen and Grosse Europa-Meile. The Wonder sired several winners over jumps including Wonder Man who won thirteen races including the Henry VIII Novices' Chase. His last recorded foal was born in 1999.
Pedigree
The Wonder was inbred 3 x 4 to Nasrullah, meaning that this stallion appears in both the third and fourth generations of his pedigree.
References
1978 racehorse births
Racehorses bred in France
Racehorses trained in France
Racehorses trained in the United States
Thoroughbred family 2-n
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41043060
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Till%20min%20k%C3%A4ra
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Till min kära
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"Till min kära" is a song written in 1993 by Peter Grundström of Thor Görans, recorded by Thor Görans, and released as a single in 1994. The recording was never tested for Svensktoppen.
A Streaplers recording stayed at Svensktoppen for 73 weeks beginning 16 September 1995 until 15 February 1997, which at the time was a new record. The song is also on the 1995 Streaplers album "Till min kära". The song was appointed "Svensktoppen song of the year" in 1996. During 1996 the song stayed at the Svensktoppen first place for 22 weeks.
Jørgen de Mylius wrote lyrics in Danish as "Til min kære", which was recorded by Danish dansband Kandis for the 2000 album Kandis 8.
In 2007, the Streaplers recorded the song in Norwegian for the album på norsk as "Til min kjeare".
At Dansbandskampen 2008 the song was performed by Susann Nordströms orkester, where the band singer Susann Nordström replaced the original refrain lines Vill du bli min egen kvinna? with Jag vill bli din egen kvinna.
References
External links
Information at Svensk mediedatabas
1993 songs
1994 singles
Thor Görans songs
Streaplers songs
Swedish-language songs
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41043078
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green%20House%20Data
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Green House Data
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Green House Data, now known as Lunavi, was a data center and managed services provider headquartered in Cheyenne, Wyoming, United States that rebranded as Lunavi in 2020.
Cheyenne is home to a campus with 45,000 square feet of data center space, as well as administrative and technical support offices. The company has additional data center locations in Washington, Colorado, Oregon, Georgia, Texas, New Jersey, and New York, with sales and marketing offices in Laramie and in Denver, Colorado. As of 2019, the company also operates an IT consulting focused office in Toronto, Ontario.
History
In 2007, three friends hatched the idea for a data center powered exclusively by renewable energy over coffee and soon after began the process of retrofitting a former office building to provision 3000 square feet of colocation space. By March 2012, Green House Data had doubled the footprint in the Cheyenne location, added cloud hosting products, and expanded its footprint to the west coast. In December 2013, an east coast expansion was announced, and by August 2013, the company had broken ground on a new facility in Cheyenne. The second Cheyenne location officially opened on July 30, 2014. In September 2014, 1547 Critical Systems Realty and Green House Data announced that the company would be an anchor tenant in a redevelopment at 1 Ramland Road in Orangeburg, New York.
In April 2015, the company acquired FiberCloud, a Seattle, Washington-based provider of colocation, cloud hosting, and other data center services. With this acquisition, Green House Data added three data centers in Washington state, as well as nearly 20 employees and several hundred customers.
In April 2017, the company acquired Cirracore, a cloud-focused infrastructure provider based in Atlanta, Georgia. In November 2017, the company acquired Ajubeo, a cloud hosting service provider based in Denver.
Green House Data announced a merger via acquisition of Infront Consulting Group in May 2018, expanding operations to Toronto and Las Vegas, as well as other satellite sites, while adding over 30 IT consulting staff focusing on Microsoft Azure, cloud automation, and IT consulting.
Emerging markets
The company is part of a new surge in data center construction in the Cheyenne region and across the Rocky Mountains. Cheyenne has been ranked as a top 5 location for data centers, with Microsoft, Echostar, and the National Center for Atmospheric Research all operating facilities in the city.
In addition, Green House Data's most facility in Orangeburg represents entry into the Rockland County market, which is just beginning to emerge as a new data center cluster. It is home to facilities operated by both Bloomberg L.P. and Verizon.
Everett and Bellingham, Washington represent markets on the I-5 Corridor that have been historically underserved.
Sustainable energy
As a whole, the data center industry has been highly criticized for heavy electrical use, and in recent years has actively tried to reduce power consumption by improving facility design and increasing server virtualization. As a key element of their business model, Green House Data purchases renewable energy credits, or RECs, for wind power and documents purchases with the EPA's Green Power Partnership. In 2013, Green House Data was part of EPA's "Leadership Club" for sustainable power purchases. A common measure for data center power consumption is Power usage effectiveness, often abbreviated PUE.
Beginning in 2014, Green House Data was the first company to participate in WyoRECs, the first renewable energy credit program based out of Wyoming.
In April 2015, Green House Data joined the EPA's Top 30 Tech & Telecom list of the largest green power users, retiring over 8 million kilowatt-hours (kWh) of green power annually. By 2017, the company moved up 5 places on the list, retiring 20,270,000 kWhs.
NPR's All Things Considered called Green House Data's energy efficiency an "obsession."
Compliance
In July 2011, the company's cloud and colocation facilities achieved SSAE 16 Type II Compliance. Additionally, in 2012, Green House Data achieved HIPAA IT compliance.
Data Centers
Green House Data operates a total of seven data center facilities in five geographic regions. There are cloud and colocation data centers in Atlanta, GA, Cheyenne, WY, Seattle, WA, and Bellingham, WA and cloud data centers in Dallas, TX, Denver, CO, and Orangeburg, NY. Each location is carrier neutral, fully compliant to HIPAA and SSAE 16 Type II standards, and comes with guaranteed uptime service level agreements. In March 2016, the company announced a "Hear from a Human" technical support service guarantee, which Fortune called more characteristic of a "boutique cloud."
The Seattle facility is located within the Westin Building, the 3rd largest carrier hotel in the United States. The Westin Building data center consists of the 18th, 19th, and 32nd floors, with participation in the Seattle Internet Exchange.
In the news
Green House Data became one of a select group of Azure Expert MSPs, an independently certified audit that demonstrates exceptional proficiency and abilities within the Microsoft Azure ecosystem, in April 2019.
In late 2017, Green House Data acquired Assuritive, a Disaster Recovery as a Service provider. In November 2017, Green House Data acquired Ajubeo, a Denver-based cloud hosting service provider, bringing the company's total cloud node locations up to ten. Earlier that year, Green House Data acquired Cirracore, an Atlanta-based provider of enterprise cloud services, expanding the company's reach to the southeast United States.
Green House Data acquired FiberCloud, a West Coast Data Center company, in April 2015 gaining three Washington facilities in Seattle, Everett, and Bellingham.
In February 2015, Green House Data was recognized in the Top 500 MSP by CRN Magazine for the Second Consecutive Year
In October 2014, Green House Data was recognized as a Top 100 Cloud Services Provider by Talkin' Cloud, making the list for the second consecutive time. In February 2014, Green House Data was recognized as a Top 500 Managed Service Provider by CRN Magazine. In 2014, Green House Data became the first B Corp in Wyoming.
Green House Data CTO Cortney Thompson was interviewed as part of a Marketplace radio piece by Wyoming Public Media covering government IT departments moving to cloud services and data centers.
In August 2014, the State of Wyoming was announced as the first anchor tenant in Green House Data's second Cheyenne facility.
References
External links
Cloud computing providers
Sustainable energy
Web hosting
Companies based in Cheyenne, Wyoming
Computer companies established in 2007
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41043094
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%20Skin%2C%20A%20Night
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A Skin, A Night
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A Skin, A Night is a 2008 documentary film featuring the American indie rock band The National. The film is directed by Vincent Moon, and was released simultaneously with the band's compilation The Virginia EP on May 20, 2008.
The film documents the recording process of the band's fourth studio album, Boxer (2007).
Critical reception
In a positive review, Popmatters''' J.M. Suarez noted: "It may even be misleading to call A Skin, A Night a documentary, as it rejects many of the standard techniques many would expect from such a project. In a similar way to AJ Schnack's Kurt Cobain: About a Son'', Moon makes use of cityscapes, landscapes, and still images to paint a unique picture of a band at work, as well as offer a more complete picture of the band."
References
2008 films
2008 documentary films
American documentary films
Rockumentaries
The National (band)
Films directed by Vincent Moon
2000s English-language films
2000s American films
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41043101
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20V.%20Voinovich%20Bridges
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George V. Voinovich Bridges
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The George V. Voinovich Bridges are two bridges in Cleveland, Ohio, U.S., that carry Interstate 90 (I-90, Innerbelt Freeway) over the Cuyahoga River. They are named for George Voinovich, former mayor of Cleveland, Governor of Ohio, and United States Senator.
The bridges' piles are the largest ever manufactured in the United States. Combined the bridges cost $566 million.
Predecessor
The bridges were conceived as part of the Innerbelt Freeway rebuild to replace the 1959 Innerbelt Bridge, and the schedule of the project to build them was accelerated due to the deteriorating condition of the Innerbelt Bridge.
Westbound bridge
The westbound bridge was built immediately to the north of the Innerbelt Bridge. Construction on this bridge began on March 30, 2011, with a ceremonial groundbreaking following on May 2. It opened to Ontario Street ramp traffic on November 9, 2013, had opened to other ramp traffic and I-90 westbound mainline traffic by November 17, and opened to eastbound traffic, which used the westbound bridge until the completion of the eastbound bridge, on November 23. The bridge was dedicated to George Voinovich during the ribbon-cutting ceremony on November 8, 2013.
Eastbound bridge
The eastbound bridge was built in the former location of the Innerbelt Bridge. Early in the project, the proposed date of completion varied widely. Construction on the bridge had begun by November 3, 2014; the bridge opened in limited capacity the evening of September 24, 2016 after a ribbon-cutting ceremony earlier in the day, opening in full on October 24. This bridge was named for George Voinovich prior to the naming of the westbound bridge.
See also
List of crossings of the Cuyahoga River
References
External links
Bridges completed in 2013
Voinovich
Interstate 90
Bridges over the Cuyahoga River
Road bridges in Ohio
Bridges on the Interstate Highway System
Steel bridges in the United States
Concrete bridges in the United States
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41043105
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anthony%20Rushton
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Anthony Rushton
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Anthony Rushton (born 3 November 1971) is a British tech entrepreneur and the co-founder and chief executive officer of Telemetry, an online video advertising security and optimisation firm.
Early life
Rushton was born and raised in Accrington, Lancashire, England. Following his graduation from the University of York, where he earned a bachelor of arts in sociology and economic history, he briefly went into engineering before moving to London and working as a media planner and buyer in the late 1990s.
Career
JailDog
In 2001, Rushton quit his advertising job to go into business with his software developer friends Russell Irwin and Beau Chesluk, who had helped create the Nintendo 64 video game GoldenEye 007 while working for game designer Rare. Rushton and his partners each put up £10,000 of their own money to help get the business off the ground. To raise additional funds, they began creating branded online video games under the name JailDog (also known as The JD Project), with Rushton serving as commercial director. JailDog earned notice in 2003 after winning the pitch to create the broadband version of the TV game show Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?
WeDigTV
In 2007, Rushton, Irwin and Chesluk launched the online TV station WeDigTV, which broadcast interactive programs that allowed viewers to alter the course of the show, winning a 2008 International Interactive Emmy Award for being the world's first such network. Rushton served as director. In 2007, the site reported 2.5 million unique monthly users, featuring content such as Who Wants To Be a Millionaire? and Deal or No Deal, with an interactive ad break every five to seven minutes. WeDigTV was a precursor to Telemetry, as the three partners pursued the growing market of online video advertising.
Telemetry
Rushton is co-founder and CEO of Telemetry, a London-based independent digital media forensics company, founded with Irwin and Chesluk in 2009. The company has offices in London and New York. Telemetry works with advertisers and agencies, providing impartial, detailed analytics in real time, tracking the efficiency and exposure gained by online digital advertising campaigns to ensure accountability: that the ads are properly delivered, are being viewed by the intended audience, alongside the proper content, and that reach and impressions are not being inflated. They have advised caution when it comes to much of the technology used for programmatic buying, which can, for instance, fail to report when ads intended for pre-roll have been placed into oft-muted banner video ads instead. In conceiving the service, Rushton drew on his prior experience as a media planner, where he observed that advertisers had to rely on partisan analytics from the vendor or traditional ad server statistics, which had not been designed to track online ad campaigns. In 2014, Telemetry investigated Verizon Wireless's online video ad purchases, finding that in excess of $1 million was spent on fake Web views. The company in turn demanded make-good ads. Also that year, Telemetry uncovered an ad fraud operation that had been skimming around $10 million in video ad revenue per month, affecting over 75 advertisers, including McDonald's, Coca-Cola and Ford. Rushton called it the most significant instance of ad fraud Telemetry has seen. Telemetry has publicly called out companies perpetrating such fraud by name. The Wall Street Journal reported in 2014 that approximately 36% of all Web traffic is considered fake, with the corresponding amount of ad views being seen by "bots" rather than people, cheating advertisers who pay based on the number of Web views. In August 2014, Rushton was interviewed by CNN about online advertising fraud moving away from bot fraud, in which a series of fake computers simulate a sentient being watching ads, to a type of fraud involving a genuine audience watching low-quality impressions, which are converted into premium inventory, with the fraudulent impressions sold to large advertisers. Rushton stated that he feels it is the responsibility of the vendors to ensure that the impressions they are trading are genuine impressions.
Customers include Reckitt Benckiser, Anheuser-Busch, Unilever, Verizon Wireless, L'Oreal and Mercedes-Benz. In 2012, Telemetry showed revenues of £24 million with adjusted profits of £5 million, and was valued at £175 million. Deloitte predicted Telemetry would be worth £486 million by 2014. In January 2017, Telemetry ceased its ad verification services, citing adverse market conditions.
Honors and awards
International Interactive Emmy Award, for WeDigTV, 2008
Advertising Age Media Maven, 2014
References
External links
Telemetry website
Living people
English businesspeople
1971 births
Alumni of the University of York
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41043110
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lovell%20Phillips
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Lovell Phillips
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Philip Lovell Phillips was the Dean of Barbados from 1898 to 1917.
Philips was educated at The Lodge School, Barbados and Worcester College, Oxford.
He was at St Andrew, Barbados and then St Peter, on the same island before his cathedral appointment.
References
Alumni of Worcester College, Oxford
People educated at The Lodge School, Barbados
Deans of Barbados
Saint Michael, Barbados
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41043119
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garbel%20Point
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Garbel Point
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Garbel Point (, ‘Nos Garbel’ \'nos 'g&r-bel\) is the rocky point forming the west extremity of Liège Island in the Palmer Archipelago, Antarctica.
The point is named after Garbel Peak in central Balkan Mountains, Bulgaria..
Location
Garbel Point is located at , which is 2.25 km north-northwest of Chauveau Point and 2.36 km south-southwest of Polezhan Point. British mapping in 1980.
Maps
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1980.
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
References
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
Garbel Point. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
External links
Garbel Point. Copernix satellite image
Headlands of the Palmer Archipelago
Bulgaria and the Antarctic
Liège Island
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41043126
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted%20Taylor%20%28politician%29
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Ted Taylor (politician)
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Edward Bickmore Ellison Taylor (1 June 1906 – 5 May 1982), also known as E. B. E. Taylor, was a New Zealand lawyer, politician and diplomat. He was New Zealand Ambassador to Japan from 1961 to 1965.
He was born in Christchurch, the son of Liberal and prohibitionist mayor and MP Tommy Taylor and his wife, social reformer Elizabeth Taylor. He was educated at Christchurch Boys' High School and Canterbury College, graduating in law (LLB).
Between 1935 and 1961, he practised law in Greymouth, Taumarunui and Christchurch. He was the Christchurch coroner for 26 years from 1952 to 1978 (except while he was in Japan). He was active in the National Party and was Canterbury divisional chairman from 1946 to 1950. He was the National candidate for in and in and .
Taylor was on the Canterbury University Council (then Canterbury College) from 1950 to 1961 and served as pro-chancellor in 1960 and 1961. He was a member of Christchurch City Council from the 1968 local election for one three-year term and was defeated at the 1971 local elections when he stood for re-election. He was president of the Canterbury District Law Society in 1959. In the 1978 New Year Honours, he was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire, for public services. He was described by Gustafson as "a delightful extrovert and raconteur."
He married twice; in 1934 in London to Hilda Esther Bower, and in 1939 to Gertrude Mary Duthie after his first wife died.
References
Obituary in The Press (Christchurch) of 6 May 1982
1906 births
1982 deaths
20th-century New Zealand lawyers
Christchurch City Councillors
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1938 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1943 New Zealand general election
Unsuccessful candidates in the 1946 New Zealand general election
Candidates in the 1941 New Zealand general election
New Zealand National Party politicians
People educated at Christchurch Boys' High School
University of Canterbury alumni
Ambassadors of New Zealand to Japan
New Zealand Officers of the Order of the British Empire
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41043130
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Days%20of%20Future%20Future
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Days of Future Future
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"Days of Future Future" is the eighteenth episode of the twenty-fifth season of the American animated television series The Simpsons and the 548th episode of the series. It first aired on the Fox network in the United States on April 13, 2014. It was written by J. Stewart Burns and directed by Bob Anderson.
The episode follows the 2005 episode "Future-Drama" and the 2011 episode "Holidays of Future Passed", set 30 years from the present. In this futuristic installment, Bart goes to a clinic to rid himself of his feelings for his ex-wife Jenda (who is now dating a xenomorph-like alien named Jerry), Lisa must choose whether or not to cure her zombie husband Milhouse after he gets bitten by a homeless zombie, and Marge (after putting up with years of Homer dying and being cloned back to life by Professor Frink) loads Homer onto a flatscreen monitor and throws him out of the house.
Plot
Marge wakes to find Homer atop of the kitchen table in nothing but his underwear, and gives him advice on his health. Just when Homer seems to be taking Marge's words to heart, he marches upstairs to tell his wife that he will take his health seriously, only to fall down the stairs and die. At his funeral, Professor Frink announces that he has made a clone of Homer, and Marge warns Homer to take this second chance seriously. After thirty years of clones dying, Frink cannot bring Homer back, but has stored his memory in a flash drive, which he plugs into a television screen. When Marge realizes that her husband is just a face on a screen, she is fed up with him, and gives the flash drive to Bart, so that Homer can reside with him until she can figure out a way to get used to him in his current form.
Bart shows Homer his new digs, an abandoned classroom at Springfield Elementary. As soon as a glum Bart sends his two sons to his ex-wife Jenda's house, he needs advice more than ever now, but Homer is of no use when the monitor freezes. Working at a dinosaur amusement park, Bart laments that he misses his children. Elsewhere, at Lisa's zombie soup kitchen, her husband Milhouse is attacked by a zombie. Unable to move on from his ex, Bart sees a targeted billboard telling him to move on using shock therapy that makes him forget. After the procedure, Bart visits Marge, who claims to not miss Homer that much, but in an attempt to initiate a conversation between her and Homer, he sees she does miss Homer.
Homer returns to normal when Bart starts to get back into the dating scene, and sleeps with one woman after another, including Lisa's former teacher, Miss Hoover. At Bart's apartment, Homer gets a new lease of life in a robot suit. Bart's sons visit him and ask him to help Jenda out with her depression. She shows up in tears, telling Bart that after she bought a shedding tank for Jerry, her alien boyfriend, he humiliated her and broke up with her for someone else. Bart comforts her by mentioning he is trying to get his life on track, and her crying is a reminder of what he lost. Jenda is impressed by Bart's newfound maturity and invites him to dinner. It goes well and the two decide to patch up their relationship again. However, the two later fall into their bad habits of not paying attention to each other that destroyed their marriage the first time, and become unsure whether to continue working things out. Meanwhile, Lisa and zombie Milhouse are attacked by bullies, and Lisa actually finds it attractive that Milhouse fights them off. She does not want him cured and is stalked by Dr. Hibbert who is not happy about her decision.
Bart and Lisa both go to Moe's to deal with their respective marital problems, where Marge tells them to stick through. She then electrocutes herself to death in order to live in the flash drive with Homer. Milhouse is cured and Bart moves on from Jenda, discovering that she has started seeing Jerry again.
Bart then finds himself back in the therapist's chair, and learns that what he experienced was just a neural implant. Bart and Lisa visit Marge and find out that she and Homer have finally gotten back together, and she gave him a new robot body and personality. Bart recommends Lisa try moving on if things do not work out with her and Milhouse, but Lisa points out that Milhouse is still a zombie and there is no cure, much to her own affection, and Santa's Little Helper (who is now a hybrid of him and the family cat) is seen talking.
Production
In September 2013, Entertainment Weekly reported that Amy Poehler would reprise her role as Jenda in a followup to the sixteenth season episode "Future-Drama." Executive producer Al Jean said that the episode would feature Bart getting over his divorce from Jenda.
The couch gag was based on an idea by Katie Hemming of Burlington, Ontario. A couch gag contest was held the previous season, and Ray Savaya won the Canadian fan vote. However, the writers preferred Hemming's idea, so they decided to make hers as well. Although she did not win the grand prize, she received a "Simpsonized" drawing of herself and a first season DVD box set.
Cultural references
Bart has his memories altered with a method similarly depicted in Total Recall. Gort from The Day the Earth Stood Still is shown working in a restaurant.
Reception
Dennis Perkins of The A.V. Club gave the episode a C, saying "Things are even worse for The Simpsons after tonight's sequel, 'Days Of Future Future,' where Burns returns to the (it seems) inevitable sci-fi future of the series and limits the show's world even more. Losing much of the heart of its predecessor in favor of the sort of ill-conceived and contradictory character arcs the latter, scattershot Simpsons has become notorious for, 'Days Of Future Future' reveals a series willing to shrug off what it still could be. Instead, this future Simpsons world seems just a playground for writers to use up whatever Futurama jokes they had left over."
Tony Sokol of Den of Geek gave the episode four out of five stars, saying "The Simpsonss 'Days of Future Future' is a laugh every 2.5 seconds, allowing for wind resistance. A very worthy entry into what will someday be an even longer running longest running show that has ever walked slowly up a flight of stairs. I absolutely love Jerry, Bart's future ex-wife's new soon to be ex-Alien lover. Nelson's mom still has to strip at the age of 87 because there is no more retirement. Even with 99 Democrats in the Senate, because the Republican still knows how to get things his way. Of course Ralph Wiggum will be the new chief of police, he is a chip off the old cop. Santa's Little Hybrid is an unnatural progression that Cosmo does not teach about."
Teresa Lopez of TV Fanatic gave the episode four out of five stars, saying "I always love The Simpsons episodes that show the possible futures of Bart, Lisa, Maggie, Homer and Marge. And this week was no exception. Even though the future episodes are not technically canon (I mean, who can say what will really happen in their future?), I liked that this one attempted some continuity.
The episode received a 1.7 rating and was watched by a total of 3.64 million people, making it the second most watched show on Animation Domination.
References
External links
"Days of Future Future" at theSimpsons.com
The plot description was adapted from Days of Future Future at Simpsons Wiki, which is available under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0 license.
2014 American television episodes
Older versions of cartoon characters
The Simpsons (season 25) episodes
Television episodes about cloning
Television episodes about zombies
Science fiction comedy
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41043136
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/British%20Quadball%20Cup
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British Quadball Cup
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The British Quadball Cup, also British Quidditch Cup, is a quidditch tournament held in the United Kingdom that follows the rules laid out by the International Quidditch Association. It is organised by QuadballUK and is the largest UK tournament of the year.
Qualification for the tournament is based on the two regional tournaments Northern and Southern Cup (for university teams) and the Community League (for community teams). Teams who do not qualify for the British Quadball Cup may instead participate in Development Cup.
Other regular tournaments not organised by QuadballUK also take place in the UK including the Highlander Cup held in Edinburgh, Cottonopolis held in Manchester and Scottish Cup held in St Andrews. There was also a tournament that ran for 6 years called Whiteknights held in Reading.
Results
The following table shows a list of all British Quadball Cups to date. The team that caught the snitch is denoted with an asterisk. Up until 2019 both university and community quidditch teams played in the same tournament together. From 2022 and onwards they now compete separately.
All Time
First tournament, November 2013
The first British Quidditch Cup took place in Oxford, England on 9 and 10 November 2013. Sixteen teams from England, Scotland, Wales and Ireland competed over two days for the inaugural cup, playing in four groups of four with the highest placed eight going on to take part in the knock out format quarter finals, semi finals and the final.
Group stages
DNQ= Did not qualify
Knockout stage scores
(*) indicates a snitch catch. Source
(^) indicates a snitch catch in overtime
Final Positions
Overall, the winners were the Radcliffe Chimeras from Oxford University led by captain Ashley Cooper, with Keele Squirrels of Keele University taking the silver medals and the Bangor Broken Broomsticks from Bangor University taking the bronze medals.
Second tournament, March 2015
The second British Quidditch Cup took place on 7–8 March 2015. After five location bids were submitted in May–June 2014, the location for the tournament was narrowed down to the venues proposed by the Loughborough Longshots, Nottingham Nightmares and Norwich Nifflers. After much deliberation, site visits and further communication, the organising committee accepted the bid put forward by the Nightmares, resulting in the 23 teams competing at Wollaton Hall and Deer Park, Nottingham.
Group stage results
DNQ= Did not qualify
Knockout stage results
Final standings
At the second British Quidditch cup Southampton Quidditch Club's first team claiming gold, Oxford Radcliffe Chimeras silver and the Keele Squirrels bronze.
Third Tournament, March 2016
The third British Quidditch Cup took place at Rugeley Leisure Centre on the 19 and 20 March 2016. 32 teams competed, with the first day involving 8 groups of 4 teams where the first two teams entered the upper bracket and the rest entered a lower bracket. These two brackets were then played as knock-out stages on day two.
Group stage results
Knockout stage results
Upper bracket
The third place match went to overtime without a snitch catch.
Consolation bracket
The third place match went to overtime without a snitch catch.
Final standings
This tournament saw Oxford reclaiming gold, Warwick QC claiming silver, and the Durham's durhamstrang claiming bronze. The LB bracket was won by York university's HogYork Horntails with Taxes QC coming runners up.
Fourth Tournament, March 2017
The fourth British Quidditch Cup took place at Rugeley Leisure Centre on 11–12 March 2017. the top 16 teams from the Northern and Southern regional tournaments competed, with the first day involving 8 groups of 4 teams where the top two teams entered the champions bracket and the others entered the consolation bracket. These two brackets were then played as knock-out stages on day two.
Group stage results
Knockout stage results
Champions bracket
(*) indicates snitch catch
Brizzlebears vs Durhamstrang went to double overtime with no snitch catch
Consolation bracket
Final standings
This tournament saw Velociraptors QC claiming gold, Bristol's Brizzlebears claiming silver, and the Werewolves of London claiming bronze. The consolation bracket was won by Falmouth Falcons with York university's HogYork Horntails coming runners up.
Fifth Tournament, March 2018
The fifth British Quidditch Cup took place on 24–25 March 2018 at Brookes Sport Park at Oxford Brooks University. 32 teams competed, with the first day involving 8 groups of 4 teams each competing in a round-robin. The second day consisted of a knockout tournament in both an upper and lower bracket of 16 teams each. Velociraptors QC won the tournament, defeating Warwick Quidditch Club in the final with a catch to take the game into overtime followed by a second winning snitch catch. Werewolves of London won against Southampton Quidditch Club in the 3rd place play-off and Chester Centurions defeated Manchester Quidditch Club to win the consolation bracket final.
Final standings
Sixth Tournament, April 2019
The sixth British Quidditch Cup took place on 6–7 April 2019 at Northumbria Sport in Newcastle. 32 teams competed, with the first day involving 8 groups of 4 teams each competing in a round-robin. The second day consisted of a knockout tournament in both an upper and lower bracket with 16 teams in each. London Quidditch Club won the tournament.
Knockout stage results
Upper Bracket
Lower Bracket
Final standings
Seventh Tournament, April 2022
Due to COVID-19, the planned British Quidditch Cup for 2020 was cancelled. In addition plans to host an equivalent event to BQC in April 2021 were shelved due to it being deemed unsafe and impractical. The seventh tournament took place on 9–10 April 2022 at the Sheffield Hallam Sports Centre in Sheffield. This tournament was the first to use a new format and reduced total number of teams of 24 (down from 32). The new format saw university and community teams competing separately, as such 12 of the slots for the tournament were available for community teams and the other 12 slots were available for university teams. 8 of the university slots were available to teams in the Northern region, with the other 4 for teams in the Southern region. The tournament was an opt-in tournament for community teams, whereas for university teams qualification was determined via the final rankings in each region after all Northern and Southern fixtures.
During the actual tournament, 22 teams competed (11 university teams and 11 community teams). In each competition the teams were competed within 3 groups, two of four teams each and one of three teams, before proceeding to a knockout tournament. The structure was set-up such that each team was guaranteed at least two games each day and at least five across the whole tournament. This was done by having a three-team round robin for losing teams from the round of 16 knockout stage and a consolation bracket for losing teams from the quarter final stage on top of a 3rd place play-off.
The winner of the university tournament was Southampton QC and the winner of the community tournament was Werewolves of London Firsts, with the results of the tournament as follows.
University tournament
11 university teams competed across 3 groups before going into a knockout tournament. The university final was won by Southamptom QC against Exeter Eagles, coming down to both teams being one goal away from the set score of 130 before Southampton scored.
Group stage results
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Knockout stage results
Final standings
Community tournament
Werewolves of London Firsts won the community tournament, defeating London Quidditch Club in the final. After the full 45 minutes of game time in the final the teams were tied with 160 points each, both a single goal away from the winning overtime set score of 170 (Werewolves had caught the snitch earlier in the match). Under concern that the venue was already starting to kick the tournament out with the university final still yet to be played (and in an attempt to avoid going to tiebreakers for a final), it was decided to play two more minutes of golden goal during which Werewolves scored and won the tournament.
Group stage results
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Knockout stage results
Final standings
Eighth Tournament, April 2023
The eighth tournament took place on 1–2 April 2023 and was again held in Sheffield Hallam University Sports Park. This was the first tournament held under the 'Quadball' name. It was planned that 24 teams would compete, however only 22 actually competed (10 university and 12 community teams). The university flight was won by Warwick Quadball Club and the community flight was won by London Quadball Club.
References
Quidditch competitions
Recurring sporting events established in 2013
2013 establishments in the United Kingdom
Sports competitions in the United Kingdom
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41043137
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbi%20Hoop
|
Imbi Hoop
|
Imbi Hoop (born 15 December 1988) is an Estonian football player who plays as a goalkeeper. She represented the Estonia national team from 2010 to 2016.
References
External links
1988 births
Living people
Women's association football goalkeepers
Estonian women's footballers
Estonia women's international footballers
Pärnu JK players
FC Levadia Tallinn (women) players
People from Kanepi Parish
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41043142
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2008%20FORU%20Oceania%20Cup
|
2008 FORU Oceania Cup
|
The 2008 FORU Oceania Cup was a rugby union competition for countries and territories in Oceania with national teams in the developmental band.
The tournament was played as a straight knockout, which was won by Niue. The Band 1 teams from Oceania teams (Australia, New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga) do not participate in the Oceania Cup.
First round
Western Zone
1. qualified for final
2.
Eastern Zone
Ranking:
1. qualified for final
2.
Final
See also
FORU Oceania Cup
Notes
The score on the Rugby International match report was 29–20 to New Caledonia, but the FORU web site originally recorded it as 32–20 to New Caledonia (since corrected).
References
2008
2008 rugby union tournaments for national teams
2008 in Oceanian rugby union
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41043170
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978%E2%80%9379%20Kentucky%20Wildcats%20men%27s%20basketball%20team
|
1978–79 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team
|
The 1978–79 Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball team represented University of Kentucky in the 1978–79 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The head coach was Joe B. Hall and the team finished the season with an overall record of 19–12 (10–8 SEC).
Roster
References
Kentucky Wildcats men's basketball seasons
Kentucky
Kentucky Wildcats
Kentucky Wildcats
Kentucky
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41043184
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Pelita%20Bandung%20Raya%20season
|
2014 Pelita Bandung Raya season
|
The 2014 season was the 25th season in Pelita Bandung Raya's history and the 2nd in the Indonesia Super League.
Review and events
PBR hired Dejan Antonić to replace Darko Janacković. They promoted three players from their youth academy to the senior squad this season and also promoted Heri Susanto on 15 July 2014.
After beating Persita Tangerang 3–1 on 5 September 2014, PBR advanced to the second round of the ISL. Four days later, Antonić's contract was extended for a further two years.
On 30 October 2014, the final matchday of the second round, PBR defeated local rivals Persib Bandung 2–1 to reach the semi-finals, where they lost 2–0 to Persipura Jayapura on 4 November.
Matches
Legend
Friendlies
Indonesia Super League
First round
Second round
Knockout stage
Squad
Source:
|}
Transfers
In
Out
Statistics
Clean sheets
As of end of season.
Disciplinary record
As of end of season.
Overview
As of end of season.
Notes
1.Kickoff time in UTC+07:00.
2.Kickoff time in UTC+08:00.
3.Kickoff time in UTC+09:00.
4.PBR's goals first.
Sources
External links
2014 Pelita Bandung Raya season at ligaindonesia.co.id
2014 Pelita Bandung Raya season at pelitabandungraya.co
2014 Pelita Bandung Raya season at soccerway.com
Pelita Bandung Raya
Madura United F.C. seasons
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41043189
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/De%20ensammas%20promenad
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De ensammas promenad
|
De ensammas promenad is a song written by Christer Lundh and Mikael Wendt, and originally recorded by Arvingarna on the group's album Nya spår, released in 1997.
The song was tested for Svensktoppen, where it stayed for 30 weeks between the period 3 January-27 June 1998., topping the chart during the first 19 weeks.
Zekes covered the song on the 2010 album En så'n natt, then titled Ensammas promenad.
Jørgen de Mylius wrote lyrics in Danish as "Min sang til dem der går alene hjem", and with that title the song was recorded by Danish dansband Kandis on the 1998 album "Kandis 7".
References
1997 songs
Arvingarna songs
Swedish songs
Swedish-language songs
Zekes songs
Songs about loneliness
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41043192
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J.%20Thomas%20Newsome%20House
|
J. Thomas Newsome House
|
J. Thomas Newsome House is a historic home located at Newport News, Virginia. It was built in 1898, and is a -story, seven bay, asymmetrical, frame Queen Anne style dwelling. It features a steeply pitched irregularly composed roof, three sided bay, front Palladian window, and corner tower. From 1906 until 1942, it was the residence of J. Thomas Newsome (1869–1942), an African-American attorney and journalist.
The restored house is open to the public as the Newsome House Museum & Cultural Center, and features exhibits related to African-American art, history and culture.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.
References
External links
African-American history of Virginia
African-American museums in Virginia
Historic house museums in Virginia
Houses completed in 1898
Houses in Newport News, Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Museums in Newport News, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Newport News, Virginia
Queen Anne architecture in Virginia
|
41043199
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anett%20Vilipuu
|
Anett Vilipuu
|
Anett Vilipuu (born 25 September 1996) is an Estonian football player who plays for Levadia Tallinn, as a midfielder.
References
External links
1996 births
Living people
Place of birth missing (living people)
Estonian women's footballers
Women's association football defenders
Women's association football midfielders
Estonia women's international footballers
Estonian expatriates in England
Expatriate women's footballers in England
FC Levadia Tallinn (women) players
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41043201
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oudlajan
|
Oudlajan
|
Oudlajan () is a historic neighborhood in Tehran, Iran. The neighborhood is surrounded by Pamenar Street, Cyrus Street (Mostafa Khomeini), Cheragh Bargh (Amir Kabir) and BozarJomehr Street (15 Khordad). Oudlajan, in addition to Arg, Dolat, Sangelaj, Bazar and Chalmeidan, constituted Old Tehran during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah Qajar (1848-1896). Old Oudlajan consisted of 2619 houses and 1146 shops and was one of the biggest and wealthiest neighborhoods in Tehran.
Etymology
The name Oudlajan in the historic Tati language means the 'place for dividing the water'. Some believe that Oudlajan means 'Abdullah Jan' (Dear Abdullah) in a Jewish dialect.
Before the spread of the Persian language, most people of Oudlajan spoke the Tati language.
History
Oudlajan is amongst the oldest neighborhoods of Tehran, for it already existed when Tehran was still a village. Its inhabitants originally spoke a dialect that was very much akin to that of Shemiran. The neighborhood used to be situated in the north-eastern part of what is old Tehran. Noticeable landmarks were the Tehran city fort situated to the north and east of Oudladan, the royal citadel to the west, the Chaleh Maidan neighborhood to the south, and the Bazaar neighborhood to the southwest.
The Jews of Tehran did not settle en masse into one neighborhood because they were forced to, but, rather, due to the significance of traditional Jewish considerations, they gathered around their synagogues. The importance of baths, Kosher meat and security likewise stimulated the Jews of Tehran to live together. Oudlajan's religious make-up used to be divided into two main groups: Jews and Muslims, the latter being relatively prosperous ones. Oudlajan hosts a number of quite significant Muslim religious sites, rather than Jewish sites. In fact, this notion is of one of Oudlajan's characteristics. Amongst such sites are the Tomb of Haft Dokhtaran in Oudlajan's northeast, the Dangi Mosque in its northwest, the Houz Mosque in the southwest, the Abolfazl Mosque and Pir Ata Tomb in its east, and finally the Montazer al-Mahdi Mosque in the west.
Prior to the Persian Constitutional Revolution, Oudlajan was concomitantly the host to many synagogues while also being the one neighborhood of Tehran where most of its Jewish inhabitants lived. Nowadays, however, only two synagogues survive in Oudlajan, namely the Hakim Asher and Ezra Yaghoub. The synagogues of this time period are marked by their small architectural size, simplicity and minimal visual overlap with the urban texture of the surrounding area. Prior to the Constitutional Revolution there was no large synagogue in Tehran, although there were a relatively large amount of small synagogues close to each other in the Jewish neighborhood. They increased in number only if the Jewish population kept increasing. Some of these old synagogues in Oudlajan which were built at the time, were either sold or their purpose changed as years passed by. It is therefore difficult to estimate the precise number of synagogues of the Qajar era.
Oudlajan counted ten synagogues during Naser al-Din Shah Qajar's reign. One of Naser al-Din Shah's physicians, a Jewish person named Hakim Asher, founded the Kohan Sedgh (Soltan Solayman) synagogue in 1892, which was later renamed the Hakim Asher Synagogue. One of two surviving synagogues of Oudlajan, the Hakim Asher Synagogue is the oldest extant synagogue of Tehran.
Most of the people living in Oudlajan were Jewish. In addition there were Zoroastrians living in Oudlajan. Many famous Iranian politicians such as Qavam family, Mostofi Family, Nasiroldoleh, Seyyed Hassan Modarres lived in Oudlajan. The houses with many rooms around a yard (with a small pool in the middle) were called Ghamar khanoom houses.
Oudlajan was the wealthiest neighborhood in the Qajar era and kept its status until the Pahlavi era. However, with the big changes in Iranian society in 1340 AH it gradually lost its status. The biggest obstacle to Oudlajan today is the expansion of the Bazar neighborhood. This trend has changed Oudlajan from a wealthy neighborhood into a storage area for Bazar and many old houses were turned into places for addicts.
In the 1940s-1950s, during the reign of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, as a result of the neighborhood's decline and the growth of Tehran and its enlargement to the north, the Jewish inhabitants of Oudlajan gradually moved to Tehran's northern parts, in particular Bagh-Saba (East), Hasan Abad (West) and its neighborhoods.
References
Geography of Tehran
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41043205
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokyo%20subway%20rolling%20stock
|
Tokyo subway rolling stock
|
Tokyo Metro and Toei Subway own or use the following types of rolling stock.
Tokyo Metro
Ginza Line
Trains on the Ginza Line run in three-door six-car formations with no through trains into other suburban rail lines in Greater Tokyo. The maximum operating speed is .
Present
Tokyo Metro 1000 series (since 11 April 2012)
Former
Tokyo Rapid Railway 100 series (from 1938 until 1968)
Tokyo Underground Railway 1000 series (from 1927 until 1968)
Tokyo Underground Railway 1100 series (from 1930 until 1968)
Tokyo Underground Railway 1200 series (from 1934 until 1986)
TRTA 1300 series (from 1949 until 1986)
TRTA 1400 series (from 1953 until 1985)
TRTA 1500 series (from 1954 until 1986)
TRTA 1500N series (from 1968 until 1993)
TRTA 1600 series (from 1955 until 1986)
TRTA 1700 series (from 1956 until 1986)
TRTA 1800 series (from 1958 until 1986)
TRTA 1900 series (from 1958 until 1987)
TRTA 2000 series (from 1958 until 1993)
Tokyo Metro 01 series (from 1983 until 2017)
Marunouchi Line
Trains on the Marunouchi Line run in three-door six-car formations with no through trains into other suburban rail lines in Greater Tokyo. The maximum operating speed is .
Present
Tokyo Metro 02 series (since 1988 - 02-80 subseries 3-car sets used on the Hōnanchō branch line)
Tokyo Metro 2000 series (since 2019)
Former
TRTA 300/400/500/900 series (from 1954 until 1996, later sold and exported for use on Line B of the Buenos Aires Metro)
Tokyo Rapid Railway 100 series (from 1962 until 1968, transferred from Ginza Line, used for Hōnanchō branch only)
TRTA 2000 series (from 1968 until 1981, used for Hōnanchō branch only)
Hibiya Line
Hibiya Line trains are 20-meter-long 7-car formations, with four doors per side. Prior to March 2017, Hibiya Line trains were 18 m long 8-car formations, with a mixture of three or five doors per side. Tokyu Corporation formerly operated trains from the Tokyu Toyoko Line into the Hibiya Line from 1964 until 2013, when through-services between the Toyoko Line and the Tokyo Metro Fukutoshin Line commenced operations.
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 13000 series (since 25 March 2017)
Tobu Railway
Tobu 70000 series (since 7 July 2017)
Tobu 70090 series (since March 2020)
Former
TRTA/Tokyo Metro
TRTA 3000 series (from 1961 until July 1994)
Tokyo Metro 03 series (from 1988 until 28 February 2020)
Tobu Railway
Tobu 2000 series (from 1962 until 1993)
Tobu 20000 series (from 1988 until 27 March 2020)
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu 7000 series (original) (from 1964 until 1991)
Tokyu 1000 series (from 1991 until 2013)
Tōzai Line
Tōzai Line trains are 20-meter-long 10-car formations, with four doors per side and longitudinal seating. The maximum operating speed is .
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 05/05N series (since 1988)
Tokyo Metro 07 series (since 2006) (transferred from Yūrakuchō Line)
Tokyo Metro 15000 series (since 2010)
Tōyō Rapid Railway
Tōyō Rapid 2000 series (since 2004)
East Japan Railway Company (JR East)
JR East E231-800 series (since 2003)
Former
TRTA/Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 5000 series (from 1964 until 2007)
Tokyo Metro 8000 series (from 1987 until 1988, temporary, built for Hanzōmon Line)
JNR/JR East
JR East 301 series (from 1966 until 2003)
JR East 103-1000 series (from 1989 until 2003)
JR East 103-1200 series (from 1971 until 2003)
Tōyō Rapid
Tōyō Rapid 1000 series (from 1996 until 2006)
Chiyoda Line
Chiyoda Line trains are 20-meter-long 10-car formations, with four doors per side and longitudinal seating. Kita-Ayase Branch service trains run in three-car formations.
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 16000 series (since November 2010)
Tokyo Metro 05 series (since April 2014, used on Kita-Ayase Branch in 3-car formations)
Odakyu Electric Railway
Odakyu 4000 series (since September 2007)
Odakyu 60000 series MSE (since spring 2008, used for Metro Hakone, Metro Enoshima, Metro Morning Way and Metro Home Way)
JR East
JR East E233-2000 series (since summer 2009)
Former
TRTA/Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 5000 series (from 1969 until 2014, used on Kita-Ayase Branch in 3-car formations)
Tokyo Metro 6000 series (prototype built in 1968, used on Kita-Ayase Branch in 3-car formation)
Tokyo Metro 06 series (from 1993 until January 2015)
Tokyo Metro 07 series (from September until December 2008, transferred to Tōzai Line)
Tokyo Metro 6000 series (from 1971 until November 2018)
Odakyu
Odakyu 9000 series (from 1978 until 1990)
Odakyu 1000 series (from 1989 until 2010)
JNR/JR East
JR 103 series (from 1970 until 1986; transferred to Joban Line rapid services afterwards)
JR 203 series (from 1982 until September 2011; 90 were transferred to overseas operations)
JR 207-900 series (from 1986 until December 2009)
JR 209-1000 series (x2) (from December 1999 until October 2018; transferred to Chuo Line Rapid Service by December 2018.)
Yūrakuchō and Fukutoshin Lines
Yūrakuchō and Fukutoshin Line trains are 20-meter-long 10-car (8-car for some Fukutoshin Line trains) formations, with four doors per side and longitudinal seating.
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 10000 series (10-car sets) (since September 2006)
Tokyo Metro 17000 series (8/10-car sets) (since February 2021)
Tobu Railway
Tobu 9000/9050 series (10-car sets) (since 1987)
Tobu 50070 series (10-car sets) (since July 2007)
Seibu Railway
Seibu 6000/6050 series (10-car sets) (since 1998)
Seibu 40000 series (10-car sets) (since 25 March 2017, used for S-Train)
Tokyu Corporation and Yokohama Minatomirai Railway (Fukutoshin Line only)
Tokyu 5000 series (II) (8-car sets) (since 16 March 2013)
Tokyu 5050 series (8-car sets) (since 16 March 2013)
Tokyu 5050-4000 series (10-car sets) (since 10 September 2012)
Yokohama Minatomirai Railway Y500 series (8-car sets) (since 16 March 2013)
Sagami Railway (Sotetsu) (Fukutoshin Line only)
Sotetsu 20000 series (10-car sets) (since 18 March 2023)
Former
TRTA/Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 07 series (10-car sets) (from 1993 until 2007, transferred to Tōzai Line)
Tokyo Metro 7000 series (8/10-car sets) (from 1974 until April 2022)
Odakyu Electric Railway (Yūrakuchō Line only)
Odakyu 60000 series MSE (4/6-car sets) (used for Bay Resort Romancecar services)
Hanzōmon Line
Hanzōmon Line trains are 20-meter-long 10-car formations, with four doors per side and longitudinal seating.
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 8000 series (since 1981)
Tokyo Metro 08 series (since 2003)
Tokyo Metro 18000 series (since 2021)
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu 5000 series (II) (since 2002)
Tokyu 2020 series (since 2018)
Tobu Railway
Tobu 50050 series (since 2006)
Tobu 50000 series (since September 2020)
Former
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu 2000 series (from 1992 until 2018)
Tokyu 8500 series (from 1978 until January 2023)
Tokyu 8590 series (from 1988 until 2019)
Tobu Railway
Tobu 30000 series (from 2003 until June 2021)
Namboku Line
Namboku Line trains are 20-meter-long 6-car/8-car formations, with four doors per side.
Present
Tokyo Metro
Tokyo Metro 9000 series (6-car sets) (since 1991)
Saitama Rapid Railway
Saitama Rapid Railway 2000 series (6-car sets) (since 2001)
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu 3000 series (II) (8-car sets) (since 2000)
Tokyu 5080 series (8-car sets) (since 2003)
Tokyu 3020 series (8-car sets) (since 5 January 2020)
Sagami Railway (Sotetsu)
Sotetsu 21000 series (8-car sets) (since 18 March 2023)
Toei Subway
Toei Asakusa Line
Toei Asakusa Line trains are 18 m long 8-car formations, with three doors per side. They are also of standard gauge (1435mm) as opposed to the 1067mm gauge used on most Japanese rail lines.
Present
Toei
Toei 5500 series (since June 2018)
Keisei Electric Railway, Hokusō Railway, Chiba New Town Railway and Shibayama Railway
Keisei 3000 series (II) (since 2003)
Keisei 3050 series (II) (since 2010)
Keisei 3100 series (II) (since 26 October 2019)
Keisei 3400 series (since 1993)
Keisei 3600 series (since 1982)
Keisei 3700 series (since 1991)
Hokuso 7300 series (since 1991)
Hokuso 7500 series (since 2006)
Chiba New Town Railway 9100 series "C-flyer" (since 1994)
Chiba New Town Railway 9200 series (since 2013)
Chiba New Town Railway 9800 series (since 21 March 2017)
Keikyu Corporation
Keikyu 1500 series (since 1985)
Keikyu 600 series (since 1994)
Keikyu N1000 series (since 2002)
Former
Toei
Toei 5000 series (from 1960 until 1995)
Toei 5200 series (from 1976 until 2006)
Toei 5300 series (from 1991 until February 2023)
Keisei Electric Railway, Hokusō Railway, Chiba New Town Railway and Shibayama Railway
Keisei 1000 series (from 1988 until 1991)
Keisei 3000 series (I) (from 1960 until 1991)
Keisei 3050 series (I) (from 1960 until 1993)
Keisei 3100 series (I) (until 1995)
Keisei 3150 series (until 1998)
Keisei 3200 series (until 2007)
Keisei 3300 series (until 2008)
Keisei 3500 series (from 1972 until 2015)
Keisei 3600 series (from 1982 until 2020)
Hokuso 7050 series (from 1995 until 2003)
Hokuso 7150 series (from 1991 until 1997)
Hokuso 7000 series (from 1991 until 2007)
Hokuso 7250 series (from 2003 until 2006)
Hokuso 7260 series (from 2006 until 2015)
Chiba New Town Railway 9000 series (from 1991 until 2017)
Shibayama Railway 3600 series (from 2002 until 2013)
Keikyu Corporation
Keikyu 1000 series (from 1968 until 2008)
Toei Mita Line
Toei Mita Line trains are 20 m long 6/8-car formations with four doors per side.
Present
Toei
Toei 6300 series (6-car sets) (since 1993)
Toei 6500 series (8-car sets) (since 2022)
Tokyu Corporation
Tokyu 3000 series (II) (8-car sets) (since 2000)
Tokyu 5080 series (8-car sets) (since 2003)
Tokyu 3020 series (8-car sets) (since October 2019)
Sagami Railway (Sotetsu)
Sotetsu 21000 series (8-car sets) (since 18 March 2023)
Former
Toei
Toei 6000 series (6-car sets) (from 1968 until 1999)
Toei Shinjuku Line
Toei Shinjuku Line trains operate in 20 m long 8/10-car formations and have four doors per side. They also use a 1372mm track gauge.
Present
Toei
Toei 10-300 series (since 2005)
Keio Corporation
Keio 9030 series (since 2006)
Keio 5000 series (since 2017)
Former
Toei
Toei 10-000 series (from 1978 until 2018)
Toei 10-300R series (from 2005 until 2017)
Keio Corporation
Keio 6030 series (from 1980 until 2011)
Toei Ōedo Line
Toei Ōedo Line trains operate in 16 m long 8-car formations with no through trains into other suburban lines in Greater Tokyo. They are powered by linear induction motors.
Toei 12-000 series (since 1991)
Toei 12-600 series (since 2011)
See also
Tokyo subway
References
Tokyo subway
Lists of rolling stock
|
41043217
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20St.%20Francis%20Brooklyn%20Terriers%20men%27s%20basketball%20head%20coaches
|
List of St. Francis Brooklyn Terriers men's basketball head coaches
|
The following is a list of St. Francis Terriers men's basketball head coaches. The Terriers had had 22 coaches in their 112-season history.
References
St. Francis Brooklyn
St. Francis Brooklyn Terriers basketball, men's, coaches
St. Francis Brooklyn Terriers basketball head coaches
|
41043228
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minook%20Creek
|
Minook Creek
|
Minook Creek (variation Mynook Creek; native name, Klanarkakat, meaning "creek suitable for small boats") is a waterway in the U.S. state of Alaska. It is named after John Mynook Pavaloff, a half-Russian/half-native Alaskan, who found gold in the river's valley in 1894.
Geography
Minook Creek empties into the Yukon River just east of Rampart. It is about long. Near its mouth, it is a shallow stream wide. It flows in a northerly direction through a deep valley whose width varies from a few hundred feet to about a half mile. The creek receives a number of large tributaries from the east— Hunter, Little Minook, Little Minook Junior, Hoosier, Florida, Chapman—and a number of others. From the west, it receives Montana, Ruby, Slate, and Granite creeks and a few small tributaries. Granite Creek, about from the Yukon, is the largest western tributary.
Just below the mouth of Slate Creek the Minook spreads into a number of branches in a wide gravel flat. This flat, which is typical of many Alaskan streams, is probably due to a change in the grade of the creek. The stream here is unable to carry the gravels of the swifter water above, and so spreads them upon the flat. Here are found the so-called "winter glaciers," which sometimes last through the short summers. In 1904, a quarter or half acre of ice still remained when the September frosts occurred. This ice owes its origin to the fact that the channel which carries the water is greatly contracted by freezing in the fall. The resulting hydrostatic pressure cracks the ice and the water overflows and freezes. This process is repeated until a considerable thickness of ice is accumulated.
The valley is V-shaped in cross section, and the eastern slope is often benched, while the western is more abrupt and has remnants of benches at but few places. Five well-marked benches rise at irregular intervals above the floor between Little Minook Junior Creek and Hoosier Creek, the highest of which is about . Important gravels cover the highest one, which lies on the east side of the Minook and extends from Hunter Creek to about above Florida Creek. A small remnant of the same bench is found on the north side of the mouth of Montana Creek and another on the north side of the mouth of Ruby Creek. Other remnants are found on the north side of the mouth of Chapman Creek and at a point about above the Chapman on the same side of Minook Creek. The last two benches show no gravel. On the west side of the creek but few remnants of benches are found. One, about high, extends to a little above the mouth of Hunter Creek, and is probably an extension of a corresponding bench on the south side of the Yukon. It seems probable that all of the benches of Minook Creek may be more or less closely correlated with the benches of the Yukon. In the vicinity of the mouth of Slate Creek is a bench cut in the upturned slates and thin-bedded quartzites to a depth of and covered by of gravel and a foot or more of muck. No gravel has yet been found upon the benches of intermediate height, but further investigation may show its presence.
In its upper course the creek flows somewhat north of east for about , and here the topography of its valley is altogether different from that of the lower part. The north side is a long, gentle slope with a greater rise in the upper part, while the south side is steep and the stream flows near its base. The asymmetry of this part of the valley is repeated in Eureka, Pioneer, Hutlina, Omega, New York, California, and many other creeks of the region whose valleys lie in parallel or nearly parallel directions. The rocks in the upper part of the valley are mostly closely folded slates and limestones. Garnetiferous schists occur at Ruby Creek, and greenstones form the bed rock of the lower valley except near the mouth, where they are partly covered by the Kenai rocks.
The alluvials of the valley are approximately thick and consist of soil mixed with much vegetal matter, peaty soil, and gravel, with much angular debris at the foot of many of the hillsides. In the middle part of the valley, they consist of about of muck and the same thickness of gravel. The muck thickens toward the sides while the bed rock remains about level. The gravel deposits are derived from local bed rock and contain large numbers of smoothly rounded quartzite bowlders from a few inches to in diameter.
References
Bibliography
Rivers of Alaska
Rivers of Yukon–Koyukuk Census Area, Alaska
Rivers of Unorganized Borough, Alaska
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41043251
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G.K.Singh
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G.K.Singh
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G.K.Singh Dhaliwal (born 17 June 1957) is an Indian civil servant who currently serves as Director, Department of Rural Development and Panchayats for the state of Punjab, India. He is a 1986 batch officer of the Punjab Civil Services, was later promoted to Indian Administrative Service in 2001.
He is also the founder of an NGO, Village Development Council, Jalwana, involved in the integrated development of backward areas of Punjab. He is also the founder member of Sarbat Da Bhala Charitable Trust, instrumental in rehabilitation of disabled and bringing back Punjabi youth languishing in jails abroad.
Early life and education
G.K.Singh was born to Sukhdev Singh Dhaliwal and Mata Gurdial Kaur in village Jalwana, District Sangrur. He received his primary education in Government Primary School, village Lohatbaddi. He enrolled at Government Rajindra College, Bathinda for his higher studies. He later joined Punjabi University, Patiala with Political Sciences as his major subject in Honors School. He became the youngest gold medallist at the age of 20 years 6 months in the history of the university.
Personal life
He married Neel Kamal Brar in 1988 in Bathinda. He has two sons Rohan Bir and Kanwar Partap.
Teaching career
He was appointed as a lecturer in this specialization field of International Politics by the Government of Punjab before he completed his master's degree in 1978 at an age of 21 years. He taught post graduate students in Government College, Sri Mukatsar Sahib, Patran (Patiala) and Malerkotla before quitting his job on being appointed as an officer in the Punjab Civil Services in 1986. He is invited to various universities and schools to give lectures about topics concerning various social issues.
Punjab Civil Services and Indian Administrative Services
He was selected as an officer in the Punjab Civil Services (Executive Branch) after clearing the Punjab Public Service Commission exam. After completion of his training he was appointed Executive Magistrate, Bathinda. He later held the position of GA to DC, Faridkot. He was posted as district transport officer, Bathinda from 1991 to 1993 and regional transport authority from 1994 to 1996. During the latter stint, he was instrumental in organizing the annual Road Safety Awareness Week. He joined as the Additional Deputy Commissioner (Development) in April 1996. He also served Departments of school education as Joint Secretary. He was appointed Additional Deputy Commissioner, Sangrur for a period of three years from 1999 till 2001. He also held the post of District Census Officer for 2001 Census Operations. He was awarded the President of India's silver medal for the same. He was promoted to the Indian Administrative Services with the batch of 2001. He was posted as Director, Colonization, Punjab. He joined as the Deputy Commissioner, District of Rupnagar on 5 April 2011. During his tenure there he was instrumental in improving sanitation and greenery in the city as well as district. He was instrumental in stopping illegal sand mining in the area. He also played in conducting free and fair elections for state assembly in 2012. He was later given the charge of the Deputy Commissioner of District of Patiala in 2012. After a two-year stint in Patiala, he was posted as Director General School Education, Punjab looking after the primary, middle and high school education in the state. As DGSE, Punjab he laid emphasis on student safety and took steps to prevent child abuse. He also banned phubbing by teachers during school hours. He also initiated setting up of helpline to redress the public grievances related to the Department of School Education. He was instrumental in setting up the anti-Drug Awareness Campaign in school across the state. He started the "Sohna School Campaign" and was instrumental in setting up toilets for students in all government schools as a part of the same. On 25 December 2014 he was given the charge of Commissioner, Municipal Corporation, Ludhiana. He laid emphasis on promoting Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan improving the green belt and people's participation on joining his new assignment. During his tenure, Ludhiana was chosen as one of the 20 cities and the only city from Punjab for the implementation of Smart City Project by the Ministry of Urban Development, Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation, Government of India. As the Commissioner of Municipal Corporation in Ludhiana, he was instrumental in establishing the public library at Guru Nanak Bhawan, upgrading the two landmark greenbelts, Rakh Bagh and Rose Garden. He reopened the children's library in Ludhiana after a period of 16 years. During his tenure in Ludhiana, the city moved to rank 34 from rank 381 in the Swachh Bharat Abhiyaan rankings. He was deputed as Director, Rural Development and Panchayats, for the state of Punjab in August 2016. He initiated scoring and honouring system for best Panchayats in the state on every Independence Day.
Awards and honors
President of India Silver Medal for Census Operations, 2001
Commendation Certificate by the House of Commons, Canada by MP Hon.Gurbax Singh Malhi
Certificate of Honor by Ms.Susan Fenell Mayor of Brampton, Canada.
Certificate of Honor by the Legislative Assembly of Alberta by MPP Mr.Darshan Kang
Certificate of Honor by the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia
Village Development Council
The residents of village Jalwana under his leadership, along with the support of diaspora, founded the Village Development Council on 13 April 1999.
In the very first gathering of the village, a target was set to make it a model village by achieving the following 8 targets:
Construction of the village periphery road having a length of 1.25 km.
Redesigning the water drains and connecting them to Tallewal drain
Construction of a modern Old Age Home for village elders
Developing the village cremation ground.
Street lighting of all village streets and periphery roads and ensuring 24hour electricity supply
Building up of peaceful mutual brotherhood conducive to development of entire village
Providing a strong financial support to brilliant students for higher studies.
Steps towards mutual co-operation for removal of unemployment.
Within a year the council was successful in achieving 6 of the above given targets. While carrying out these developments of projects the people's participation in all the activities was a great example for the surrounding areas.
They not only contributed in terms of money but physically participated in all these activities. Whether it was the construction of village circular road, redesigning of village drains, development of village cremation ground and construction of mourners' shed or planting ornamental trees on the periphery of the village. It was the mutual co-operation and peoples participation which provided strength to their efforts and created an environment of mutual brotherhood in the village.
The honour of being the first village in the district having total street lights goes to this village. The periphery and streets of the village have been provided with halogen lamps and electric tubes. The villagers also think that not only darkness of streets is removed but also going to remove darkness from their hearts-the darkness of illiteracy, social evils etc.
It is important to mention here that very rare Criminal Case has been reported in the last 15 years from the village.
The Governor of Punjab His Excellency Gen.J.F.R.Jacob declared it a "Millennium Village" on his maiden visit to the place.
Columnist
He is a regular columnist for leading Punjabi newspapers in India and Canada namely Gurmat Parkash, Punjabi Tribune, Daily Ajit, Indo Canadian Times, Desh Sewak, Desh Videsh Times on various social issues plaguing Punjab. He has presented talks on All India Radio, Jalandhar, Red FM, Surrey B.C. As the Deputy Commissioner, Patiala and the ex-officio chairman of the District Child Welfare Council, he launched the magazine, "Balpreet", consisting of contributions by the school children and is circulated in all government and private schools. He is also the advisor and founder member of "Saade Pind" magazine published by the Department of Rural Development and Panchayats, Govt. of Punjab, consisting of articles to enlighten farmers about the latest farming practices and overall rural development. His articles and literature about Sikhism has been cited multiple times by the Head Granthi of Sri Harimandir Sahib during the katha of the Daily Hukamnama from Sri Manji Sahib.
References
G.K.Singh
1957 births
People from Ludhiana district
Living people
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41043254
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qavam%20family
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Qavam family
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The Ghavam (Qavam) family () was an Iranian families in the Qajar era (1785–1925). They were descendants of Haj Ebrahim Khan Kalantar. Sources such as British secret documents and Nasser Al Din Shah Qajar himself believed that the family was Jewish. Due to the family's wealth and political power, it was often said in Shiraz that "Before Reza Shah, Qavams were Shah here." The surname Ghavam is borrowed from honorific title Ghavam-al-saltaneh from Qajar court which means pillar or continuation of Kingdom.
Early years
The Ghavam family traces its ancestry back to Hajj Ghavam ol Din, a 14th-century Vizier, and a contemporary of Hafez, who is also mentioned in his poems. Local tradition always portrays the family as Jewish and this claim was confirmed in secret British memoirs of 1890s called Who's Who in Iran.
The first member of the family to reach political influence was Hajj Ebrahim Kalantar Shirazi. He was a Vizier and Kalantar of Fars in Zand government and his decision to betray Lotf Ali Khan Zand influenced the ending of the Zand dynasty and bringing Qajars to the throne. Naser al-Din Shah Qajar addressed him when he met with the representatives of Alliance Israelite Universelle in Paris by saying,
However, Fath Ali Shah Qajar did not trust Hajj Ebrahim and had him executed in 1801. His fourth son, Ali Akbar Khan, was very young and ill and was spared from Shah's revenge. He later returned to Shiraz and gained influence. He became the Kalantar of Fars by Fath Ali Shah in 1812. He was later awarded the title Qavam ol Mulk (Pillar of the kingdom) in 1830, which became the family's last name. In 1864, he became the administrator of Imam Reza shrine at Mashhad. Hajj Ali Akbar Khan was survived by his fourth son Ali Mohammad Khan who also inherited the title Ghavam ol Mulk. In total five members of the family held that title until it was abolished by Reza Shah in the 1930s. Ebrahim Khan, Ghavam ol Mulk V was exiled by Reza Shah to Tehran. Fath Ali Khan, Saheb Divan, another son of first Ghavam went to Tehran in 1830 and married a daughter of Fath Ali Shah and became influential in government. He became governor of many provinces. Nasir ol Mulk another son Ali Akbar Khan remained in Fars and served as governor of Bushehr, Lar and Bandar Abbas.
Thus there are three major branches of the Qavam family:
Ghavams, who are in Tehran and are sons and daughters of Ebrahim Ghavam
Ghavams, who are descendants of Nasir ol Mulk
Saheb Divanis, who are descendants of Saheb Divan from Shiraz
The British did enjoy the loyalty of Ghavam family in Fars. Ahmad Ghavam, son of Ghavam Shiraz was an influential intermediary between the British and Reza Shah. He was often shuttled back and forth between the palace and the British embassy.
General Hussein Fardoust wrote in his memoirs that British staff often spent weekends in Ghavam's house and they were treated like members of his family. Ghavam's emissaries were often in movement between Shiraz, Tehran and the British embassy but for important decisions Ghavam himself often came to Tehran to meet with the British. For example, in August 1941 when Reza Shah was showing pro-Nazi views, Ghavam met with Sir Reader Bullard to decide the fate of the Shah. The decision to depose Reza Shah of the throne and put his son in place was made with the influence and the approval of the Ghavam.
Ebrahim Ghavam although exiled remained powerful and his son Ali Qavam married Princess Ashraf Pahlavi. However this marriage was forced upon Ashraf by Reza Shah in order to gain the favor of the British. When Iran was invaded by the allies, Ghavam tried to distance himself from the Pahlavi's. Their son Prince Shahram Pahlavi Nia was the grandson of both Reza Shah Pahlavi and Ebrahim Ghavam. Ali Ghavam later divorced Ashraf Pahlavi and married a sister of Asadollad Alam.
Many places were owned by this family such as: Ghavam Husseinya, Afif-Abad Garden, Delgosha Garden, Kalantar Garden, Biglerbeigi Garden, Zenatolmolok House, Narenjestan Qavam.
See also
Ebrahim Kalantar Shirazi
Mirza Abolhassan Khan Ilchi
References
Iranian families
Iranian people of Jewish descent
People under the Zand dynasty
Qavam family
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41043257
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matthew%20Jones%20House
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Matthew Jones House
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The Matthew Jones House is a historic plantation house located on Fort Eustis in Newport News, Virginia. The house sits on a hill toward the northern end of Mulberry Island, overlooking the James River. It was built ca. 1725 as a one-and-a-half-story frame dwelling with brick chimneys and later underwent two major renovations. During the first renovation, in 1730, the walls were bricked in and a shed room and porch tower were added. During the second, in 1893, the house was raised to a full two stories. In 1918 the house and its surrounding land were acquired by the U.S. government for the establishment of an army post. By the late twentieth century, the Matthew Jones House had fallen into grave disrepair. In 1993 it was preserved and rehabilitated by the National Park Service in cooperation with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Today it serves as an architectural museum.
At times in the past the Matthew Jones House was also known as the "Brick House" for its construction, and the nearby creek, now known as Milstead Creek, was once called Brick House Creek. It is frequently stated in popular histories of the area and on the Matthew Jones House roadside historical marker that the plantation was once known as "Bourbon".
Period I (ca. 1725)
The Matthew Jones House, named after its original owner, was built around 1725 as a -story frame house with brick chimneys. The house in its earliest form was earthfast – rather than the house standing on a foundation, its main structural posts extended into the ground. The original form of the house was a two-room hall and parlor style dwelling, with the hall serving as a multipurpose living and working room and the parlor, or chamber, used for sleeping and private dining.
An exterior brick kitchen was built in 1727.
Period II (1730)
Matthew Jones died in 1728 and left his house to his son Scervant, who was a minor at the time. Scervant's guardian, John Jones, embarked on improvements to the house which had probably been planned by Matthew before his death. The exterior walls of the house were rebuilt in brick, though several beams from the earlier framing were retained as part of the roof framing and have survived to this day. The house also acquired a cellar at this time and was no longer earthfast, but rather had a brick foundation. The foundation was laid in English bond, while brickwork in the rest of the house was laid using Flemish bond. Several decorative elements are present in the brickwork: the headers of the bricks are glazed, and rubbed bricks were used around the windows and at the corners of the building.
Two additions were made to the house at this time: a shed room at the back of the building and a two-story porch tower at the front. The shed room provided additional sleeping or storage space, while the new tower entry provided a measure of control over who had access to the interior, private spaces of the house. In the second quarter of the eighteenth century, central passages were becoming commonly used for this purpose. The Joneses likely built the porch tower, a more old-fashioned architectural feature, rather than a central passage because there was not enough space within the existing plan of the house to insert a passage without making the size of the rooms to either side inconveniently small.
Dendrochronological testing of several of the timbers from this period of renovation revealed that the trees used were felled in 1729 and were used soon after they were cut down, probably in 1730.
Period III (1893)
The Matthew Jones House underwent extensive remodeling in 1893. At that time the exterior kitchen was demolished and its bricks used to raise the house to a full two stories. Bricks with the inscription "Matthew Jones 1727," which had formerly been part of the kitchen, were placed on the façade at the base of the new second story. In contrast with the original brickwork, the bricks of the new addition were laid in seven-course American bond. The outline of the original roof is still visible at each end of the building, more steeply pitched than the current roof. To accommodate the new, higher roofline, the original chimneys were heightened by adding twin stacks to the top of each. The windows were replaced, and a second door was cut into the east wall of the house, which eventually led to a frame addition which was built sometime between 1893 and the 1910s. This addition was present when photographs were taken in the 1930s but has since been demolished.
In 1918 the U.S. government purchased Mulberry Island and the surrounding land in order to establish an army post known as Camp Eustis, now Fort Eustis. The Matthew Jones House was among the properties acquired at this time. The Army used the building as post housing for several decades. After World War II, the house was abandoned and sat vacant for years.
In 1940, a project to measure and record the Matthew Jones House was undertaken as part of the Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS). Drawings of all four elevations and floor plans of the first and second floors and of the cellar were produced, and ten photographs of the exterior were taken. A HABS inventory form was completed in 1959. In April 1969 the house was declared a Virginia Historic Landmark, and in June of the same year it was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.
Period IV (1993 - )
By the late twentieth century, the house was noticeably deteriorating. Members of the Fort Eustis Historical and Archaeological Association took notice and urged the Army to take steps to preserve it. In 1993, personnel from the National Park Service's Williamsport Preservation Training Center (WPTC), using funding provided by the Norfolk office of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, undertook a project to halt the decline of the house. The primary objective of this project was the stabilization and preservation of the building, with a secondary goal of providing the opportunity for visitors to see the building techniques that were used in the past.
The exterior of the house was restored to its Period III appearance.
In order to facilitate the second objective, it was decided to leave the interior of the building in a state of "semi-ruin," with architectural elements exposed. All Period I and II elements were left intact, while Period III elements were repaired if possible or replaced, and twentieth-century features were removed.
Today the house is managed by the Fort Eustis Cultural Resources program.
References:
External links
Matthew Jones House, Newport News, Newport News, VA: 12 photos, 7 data pages, and 2 data pages at Historic American Buildings Survey
National Park Service
National Register of Historic Places nomination and Accompanying two photos
Historic American Buildings Survey in Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Houses completed in 1727
Houses in Newport News, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Newport News, Virginia
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41043271
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean%20Paradise
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Aegean Paradise
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Aegean Paradise is a cruise ship operated by Singapore tour operator Universal Shipmanagement pte ltd . She was built in 1990 in Japan as three-stars-plus ship for Japan Cruise Line as Orient Venus which was used mainly on Japanese market.
The ship was sold to First Cruise Line and renamed Cruise One in September 2005. The ship was rebuilt from October 2015 until April 2017 at the Hellenic Shipyards of Perama in Greece, to a four-star ship. In April 2007, the ship was chartered to Delphin Kreuzfahrten and renamed Delphin Voyager. During the renovation in Greece, she was significantly modified from original.
Due to the insolvency of Delphin Kreuzfahrten in October 2010, ship was not returned. The owner of the ship, took First Cruise One Corp., the daughter of Greek company Restis Group, the ship returned to Greece, where it was at Perama on roadstead, before it was chartered for next few months in China in 2011. From January 2011 ship was chartered by Chinese investor group Hainan Cruises Enterprises under name Hainan Empress which was ended in May 2011. The ship was chartered to Quail/Happy Cruises under name Happy Dolphin. Since the bankruptcy of Quail in 2011, Happy Dolphin has been laid up in Piraeus. She has been chartered for the 2012 summer season to a Turkish tour operator Etstur and was renamed to Aegean Paradise. She cruised from İzmir and was cruised 2, 3 and 4 nights to the Greek Islands for the first time. At the end of August she will be deployed to Istanbul where she will do 3, 5, 6 and 7-night cruises to the Greek Islands and to the Black Sea. The season will end at 28 September when the ship arrives to Istanbul.
On 24 July 2015, the ship was sold to Kingston Maritime, a wholly owned subsidiary of New Century Maritime, for US$22.89 million.
Aegean Paradise was delivered to Kingston Maritime at ST Marine Shipyard in Singapore. After refurnishing at the shipyard, the ship will join 2 other casino ships owned by the same company. She will be operating as a casino cruise ship off the Indonesian island of Batam.
New Century Maritime is indirectly owned by New Century Group of Hong Kong. She was wrongly reported to have been sold on 5 December 2015 to Diamond Cruise by China Cruise and Yacht Industry News. She is in fact been refurnished in a Singapore shipyard and is scheduled to commence operation as a casino cruise ship off the indonesian island of Batam on 8 January 2016.
Due to engine problems, her launch on 8 January 2016 was delayed. She finally started operation on 12 Jan and is now anchored between Batam and Johore as a casino cruise ship catering mainly to Singapore punters.
Technical data and statistics
The ship is of two 4-Stroke-12 cylinder Diesel engines by Pielstick with a propulsion of 6.568 kW. These engines uses two controllable-pitch propellers. The ship reaches with a speed to 20 knots.
For the current supply, three Diesel generators achieves 1.600 kW (Apparent power: 2.000 kVA) as well as emergency generator which achieves 210 kW (Apparent power: 263 kVA) for the order.
The ship has eight passenger decks. Up to 650 passengers are accommodated in 326 cabins.
References
External links
Professional photographs from shipspotting.com
Cruise ships
1990 ships
Ships built by IHI Corporation
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41043280
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navy%20General%20Staff
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Navy General Staff
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Navy General Staff may refer to:
The Hellenic Navy General Staff, the general staff of the Hellenic Navy, the naval component of the Greek Armed Forces, active from 1907 to 1941 and since 1944
The Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff, the highest organ within the Imperial Japanese Navy, in charge of planning and operations, active from 1893 to 1945
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41043284
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Placido%20Mossello
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Placido Mossello
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Placido Mossello (1835 in Montà d'Alba – 1894) was an Italian painter.
He was a resident of Turin. He painted decoration in the way of frescoes and painted furniture, including a cabinet painted in tempera exhibited along with Francesco Carando. He painted Flos Florum, exhibited in 1880; and an oil painting of La Madonna, exhibited in 1887 at Venice. Along with his brother, Domenico Mossello, he frescoed Putti (1864) in the ballroom of Royal Apartments of the Castello de La Mandria, found in the La Mandria Regional Park, located northwest of Turin. He also frescoed ceilings (1878) in Palazzo Marenco of Turin. He also worked as an architect, designing the hexagonal Piloni, which are small chapels-shrines (1903), housing terra-cotta scenes of the Via Crucis at the Santuario dei Piloni at Montà d'Alba.
His two daughters, Luigia and Romana Mossello, married Carlo Bartolomeo Musso and his brother Secondo. Carlo Bartolomeo (1863-1935) was a sculptor trained at the Accademia Albertina.
References
19th-century Italian painters
Italian male painters
1835 births
1894 deaths
Painters from Turin
Fresco painters
19th-century Italian male artists
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41043302
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emma%20Moretto
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Emma Moretto
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Emma Moretto (19th-century) was an Italian painter, active in Venice painting landscapes and vedute.
In 1877 at Naples, Moretto exhibited: Abbey of San Gregorio at Venice; in 1880 at Turin, a Canale della Giudecca, and another of the Canale di San Giorgio. At the 1881 National Exhibition of Milan, Tramonto e Marina; and in 1883 at Rome: Gita nella Laguna. Other works: A Gondola; At San Marco; Verso la riva; Canal grande, and Mattino nel mare.
References
19th-century Italian painters
Italian women painters
Painters from Venice
Italian vedutisti
Year of birth missing
Year of death missing
19th-century Italian women artists
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41043315
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guy%20East%20%28cyclist%29
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Guy East (cyclist)
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Guy East (born October 18, 1987) is a professional road and track cyclist from the United States. East has competed at the international level since 2005 and in the United States since 2000. He has been a member of the United States men's national cycling team since 2006 and is a member of Lance Armstrong's Livestrong Foundation. East has competed in nearly 30 countries on four continents. He also serves with Hope Sports in Tijuana, Mexico. East halted his professional cycling career for a period in 2009.
Early life and junior cycling competition
East was born to Marsha and Guy M. East on October 18, 1987, in Milwaukee. He grew up in Indianapolis, as the eldest of five children. East's siblings include James and Andrew, who were both involved in sports. James played football as an All-American at Wheaton College in Wheaton, Illinois. Andrew played football at Vanderbilt University as a long snapper and has played with several National Football League teams. Andrew is married to Shawn Johnson East, the Olympic gold medalist gymnast, to whom he was introduced after Guy met Johnson at the 2008 Beijing Olympics.
Guy East's first club, called the Mob Squad, was located in Indiana. He has competed internationally in road cycling and track cycling since 2005. In 2008, East participated in the European U23 Six Day event, winning third place in Munich, second in Ghent, and first in Dortmund. He received an invitation to join the United States men's national cycling team based in San Diego. During his years on the national squad, East visited Belgium for cycling competitions in four seasons.
In 2012, after a two-year hiatus, East returned to professional track cycling and focused on six-day indoor cycle races. He has had 14 professional 6-Day starts in Amsterdam, Berlin, Rotterdam, Fiorenzuola, Grenoble, and Copenhagen. In October 2013, Daniel Holloway and East raced together as the California Team at the first half-Six Day race since the 1940s. He has also raced for Trek-Livestrong, a professional road team directed by Axel Merckx.
East resides near San Diego, California.
Leadership and projects
2013 1st Vuelta Mazatlán Stage 2 record was one of his famous wins. East has taken part in competitions in approximately 30 countries. During his competitions, he has observed extreme poverty in many underdeveloped countries, especially in urban areas such as the Philippines and Mexico. In 2009, East, with the Trek team, rode a tour of Mexico and noticed the high level of poverty there. He took part in several projects to help impoverished people in Central and South America. After two years, East decided to return to professional racing, while still being involved in charitable organizations nationally and internationally.
Hope Sports
Guy East founded Hope Sports in March 2015. In its first year, the organization built 11 houses and hosted over 200 professional and Olympic Games athletes. In 2016, the group rolled out a leadership program for athletes who want to engage and learn after the build is complete.
Hope Sports has built 30 homes for the poor with the help of 500 professional and elite athletes.
Career achievements
Major results
2008
1st Stage 3 Tour of Belize (UCI 2.2)
1st Team Classification Flèche du Sud (UCI 2.2)
2nd stage 4 Coupe des Nations Canada (2.Ncup)
3rd Overall Tour of Belize (UCI 2.2)
5th Prologue Flèche du Sud (UCI 2.2)
Track
1st Dortmund UIV Overall
1st Gent UIV Day 1
1st Dortmund UIV Day 1
1st Noel Fore Memorial
2nd Gent UIV Overall
2nd Gent UIV Day 2
2nd Gent UIV Day 6
2nd United States National Track Championships Madison
3rd Munich UIV Overall
3rd Revolution 21 Madison 1km TT
3rd Gent UIV Day 4
3rd Dortmund UIV Day 3
3rd Munich UIV Day 2
3rd Munich UIV Day 3
2009
Six Days of Grenoble
2010
Six Days of Fiorenzuola
4th Stage 4 Tour of Luzon
5th Stage 2 Tour of Luzon
7th Stage 3 Tour of Luzon
2012
Six Days of Fiorenzuola
Six Days of Grenoble
2013
Six Days of Berlin
Six Days of Copenhagen
Six Days of Amsterdam
2014
Six Days of Rotterdam
Six Days of Berlin
Six Days of Copenhagen
Six Days of Amsterdam
2015
Six Days of Fiorenzuola
2016
Six Days of Fiorenzuola
2017
Six Days of Fiorenzuola
References
1987 births
American track cyclists
Living people
American male cyclists
Sportspeople from Indianapolis
Cyclists from Indiana
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41043335
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hajji%20Ebrahim%20Shirazi
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Hajji Ebrahim Shirazi
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Hajji Ebrahim Shirazi (; 1745–1801), also known by his honorific title E'temad ol-Dowleh (), was an Iranian statesman who served as the kalantar (lord mayor) of the city of Shiraz during the late Zand era and later as the first grand vizier of Qajar Iran.
Ebrahim inherited his father's title, kadkhoda (warden) of the Balakaft quarter of Shiraz, and later became kadkhoda-bashi (chief warden) of all of the city's areas adjacent to Balakaft. In 1781, Ali-Morad Khan Zand captured Shiraz; to prevent riots, he dismissed all kadkhodas including Hajji Ebrahim, and sent them to Isfahan and fined them 40,000 tomans. To reclaim his titles, Ebrahim helped Jafar Khan Zand capture Shiraz in 1785 and the new Shah appointed him kalantar of Shiraz. When Jafar was assassinated in his palace in 1789, Ebrahim took side of his son Lotf Ali Khan by arresting Sayed Morad Khan and declaring Lotf Ali as the king. After a dispute with Lotf Ali Khan in 1790, Ebrahim changed sides and swore allegiance to Agha Mohammad Khan.
In 1791, when Lotf Ali Khan was marching to Kerman, Ebrahim took control of Shiraz and ordered the arrest of all Zand generals. Lotf Ali Khan abandoned his campaigning and returned; he went to the south of Fars, where he clashed with Ebrahim's forces, which resulted in defeat, then marched on and camped Kazerun. Ebrahim requested help from Agha Mohammad Khan, who at the time was conquering Azerbaijan. Agha Mohammad Khan went to Shiraz and appointed Ebrahim as governor of the province. In 1792 Lotf Ali Khan again fought to seize Shiraz but he was defeated and fled to Tabas.
In 1794, Lotf Ali Khan was arrested and killed, Agha Mohammad Khan became the new Shah of Iran and Ebrahim became his grand vizier. In this time, Ebrahim became engaged in internal and administrative affairs, and was one of Agha Mohammad Khan's major advisors. In 1795, Ebrahim proposed a coronation ceremony for Mohammad Khan, at which he placed the crown on the king. Ebrahim was present when Agha Mohammad Khan was assassinated in Shusha; he quickly returned to Tehran and proclaimed Fath-Ali, the nephew of the late Shah, the new king, preventing a civil war. Ebrahim remained grand vizier until 1801, when he was killed at the behest of Fath-Ali Shah, who was afraid of Ebrahim's powerful position. Most of Ebrahim's family, with the exception of one of his sons Ali Akbar and his daughter Mahbanu Khanum, were also subsequently killed. Ebrahim's descendants later formed the Qavam family, who became influential in the mid-to-late Qajar period. Some of his descendants like Mirza Abolhassan Khan Ilchi had important roles and were powerful in the royal court.
Hajji Ebrahim Shirazi's role in ending the succession war of Karim Khan Zand and transitioning power from Zands to the Qajars, as well as enthroning four kings, made him known as a kingmaker, and marks him as one of the most remarkable politicians in modern Iranian history.
Background
Iran in the 18th century
According to the modern historian, Roger Stevens: "The eighteenth century is a horrible period in Iranian history–horrible to read about, horrible to disentangle, horrible to have tried to live in." An era filled with revolts, famine, disasters and general misery, it is estimated that the population of the country fell from 9 million in the beginning to 6m at the end. After the fall of the Safavid Empire in 1722, it was expected that Iran might disappear altogether, but the emergence of a former general called Nader Quli Beg–later known as Nader Shah– saved it from collapse. His Afsharid Empire, however, soon fell into civil war after his untimely death in 1747. By end of the century, the only remaining ruling member of his dynasty was his grandson, Shahrokh Shah, who ruled the Greater Khorasan in the eastern Iran.
In the central Iran, Karim Khan of Zand tribe established himself and his dynasty as the absolute sovereigns over the vast majority of Iran's today's borders (excluding Khorasan). Karim Khan's greatest rival was Mohammad Hasan Khan Qajar, chief of the Qajar Turkomans who dwelt in northern Iran and the city of Astrabad. Karim Khan defeated and killed Mohammad Hassan in 1759. His death was by no means the end of insurgencies in northern Iran. In February 1769, His son, Hossein Qoli Khan Qajar took up arms against the Zand government and sought revenge for his father's death. Hossein Qoli's rebellion lasted for seven years; in 1777, he was eventually killed by some Yomut Turkmens whom he quarreled with.
Thus, Agha Mohammad Khan, Mohammad Hassan's eldest son and a eunuch who spent years in Karim Khan's custody in Shiraz, became the new leader of the Qajar tribe. After Karim Khan's death on 1 March 1779, Agha Mohammad Khan fled from Shiraz to Mazandaran and there staged a new rebellion against the Zands.
Ebrahim's Familial history
Hajji Ebrahim Shirazi's family were originally from Qazvin but in the mid-13th century, due to persecution of Jews, one of his ancestors immigrated to Shiraz, where he married the daughter of Qavam al-Din Hassan Shirazi, the minister of the ruling Muzaffarid dynasty. Through this marriage, Ebrahim's family inherited estates in Shiraz and gradually became kadkhodas (wardens). Ebrahim's grandfather Asher was a famous merchant who converted to Islam and renamed himself Mahmoud. Mahmoud built a maktab named Hashemieh and granted it to Agha Vali, Imam Jom'a of Shiraz.
Mahmoud's son Mohammad Hashem was kadkhoda of the Balakaft quarter in the city's southeast. The quarter, owing to its remnant gardens from the Safavid era and the establishment of a trade center by Karim Khan, became one of the richest parts of Shiraz next to the Darb-e Shahzade quarter, which included royal palaces. Due to his family's Jewish background, Mohammad became kadkhoda-bashi (chief warden) of all Jewish parts of the city. In 1747, during the revolt of governor of Fars Qiaqali Charchi Bashi, Nader Shah recaptured Shiraz and Charchi Bashi killed himself. The shah ordered the blinding of Fars' treasurer Mirza Baqer, Shiraz's kalantar Mirza Ismail, and some of the kadkhodas, including Mohammad. With the mediation of the merchants, Nader Shah forgave Mohammad and blinded only one of his eyes.
Early life
Ebrahim was born in 1745 in Shiraz as the third son of Mohammad Hassan Shirazi. He inherited his father's title kadkhoda In the middle years of Karim Khan's reign and allied with a kadkhoda named Mirza Mohammad Kalantar, a mentor and influential figure for young Ebrahim's political outlook. Ebrahim lived through Karim Khan's administration and with Mirza Mohammad's sponsorship, forged acquaintanceships with the remnants of the Safavid bureaucracy such as Mirza Hossein Vafa of the Farahani family. At this time, Ebrahim bought some estates in the neighboring quarters, eventually becoming kadkhoda of all of them.
After Karim Khan's death and the civil war between the Zand princes that followed, Ebrahim found an opportunity to increase his influence in Shiraz and to prevent the destruction of his property. In 1779, when Sadeq Khan Zand invaded Shiraz and overthrew Abol-Fath Khan, he blinded or killed those who were in power during Zaki Khan's reign. This purge included some important political and economic figures of Shiraz. A power vacuum emerged from the deaths of these figures, which gave Ebrahim a chance to further increase his authority. In 1780, Sadeq Khan's army, under the command of his son Jafar Khan, clashed with Ali-Morad Khan Zand over Isfahan. Sadeq borrowed 20,000 tomans from Ebrahim to finance his army and granted him Bagh-e Jahan Nama, a 14th-century Iranian garden. In 1781, Jafar Khan was defeated in Isfahan and retreated to Shiraz. Sadeq's forces were also defeated in several areas, such as Abadeh and Hezar; as a result, Ali-Morad Khan reached and besieged Shiraz in the same year. The siege lasted until February, when the city fell and Sadeq Khan surrendered. On the orders of Ali-Morad Khan, the former king and all of his sons except Jafar, who had escaped, were blinded and later killed. Abol-Fath Khan was also blinded.
Ali-Morad Khan, who was unpopular in Shiraz, decided to move the capital to Isfahan. He fined all officials, including Ebrahim, 40,000 Tomans and forced them to move to the new capital. While he was living in Isfahan, Ebrahim made a pilgrimage to Mecca, and maintained his influence over trade centers of Shiraz. In 1785, Jafar Khan raised an army and marched towards Isfahan while Ali-Morad Khan died from an illness in Murcheh Khvort. When news of Ali-Morad's death reached Isfahan, Ebrahim led a revolt against Baqir Khan kalantar of Isfahan and arrested him. When Jafar Khan arrived in Isfahan, Ebrahim greeted him ahead of the rest of the officials, and declared him king and the rightful successor to Karim Khan.
Kalantar of Shiraz
Jafar Khan's reign
Jafar Khan knew Ebrahim was a powerful and popular figure whose help he needed to gain legitimacy. In 1785, Jafar Khan granted Ebrahim the title kalantar of Shiraz. After two months, Jafar Khan was informed Agha Mohammad Khan was marching towards Isfahan. He quickly provided an army to counter Agha Mohammad Khan, but for unknown reason, withdrew to Qom. Another army led by Jafar Khan was defeated near Kashan and he retreated to Shiraz. Jafar's wars caused high taxation in Shiraz, which provoked protests among bazaars, farmers, and merchants. Ebrahim maintained his position; he connected with British merchants in Basra and made a deal with them in which they covered the economic losses in Shiraz and in return they had the right to trade. He knew he must collaborate with important urban bases to consolidate his role as kalantar; alongside Bazzar, there were Lutis, Qashqai, and Bakhtiari tribes and the clergy. These social groups were influential over the core of the city and opposed Jafar Khan's wars; for this reason, Ebrahim organized a meeting and discussed with the representatives of these groups, and gained support for Jafar Khan from most of them.
This did not stop the revolt of 1786 led by Mohammad Khan Zand, one of Zaki Khan's sons, who had planned a revolt since 1782, when his youngest brother Akbar Khan was killed by Jafar Khan. Akbar Khan gathered an army of Qashqais and marched towards Shiraz while Jafar Khan was on his way to Isfahan. Ebrahim sent troops under the leadership of Abdullah Khan Zand to fight Mohammad Khan Zand; two armies fought near Shiraz; in the battle, the latter was defeated and killed.
Jafar Khan's repeated defeats against Agha Mohammad Khan led to a conspiracy against him. Jafar Khan became aware of this and suspected the leader of the conspiracy was Sayed Morad Khan so he imprisoned Sayed Morad and his two brothers in Arg of Karim Khan. On the night of January 23, 1789, Morad Khan and his supporters escaped from the Arg and attacked Delgosha Garden. Jafar Khan, who was weak because of illness, was killed after some resistance. Sayed Murad Khan beheaded Jafar Khan, went to the streets of Shiraz, and proclaimed himself the new king. An uprising against Morad Khan broke out and was instantly suppressed. Ebrahim was loyal to Jafar Khan but did not participate in this revolt; instead, he wrote a letter to Lotf Ali Khan and informed him of the situation.
Coup against Sayed Morad Khan
Ebrahim knew Lotf Ali Khan was more popular than Sayed Morad Khan among the people, officials and khans of Fars. In correspondence with Lotf Ali, Ebrahim expressed his support and assured him he would help him regain the throne. Lotf Ali Khan went to Bushehr to form an army and asked the governor Sheikh Nasr for help. Nasr could only gave Lotf Ali Khan 300 men so Lotf Ali Khan quickly left for Shiraz.
After the news of Lotf Ali Khan's departure reached Sayed Morad Khan, he sent Shah Morad Khan Zand with an army that had been preparing for seven days to confront Lotf Ali Khan. But ten miles from Bushehr, two of Lotf Ali's supporters, Fazl Ali Khan and Naqd Ali Khan, arrested him and waited for Lotf Ali Khan to arrive in Dalaki. Shah Murad Khan was murdered and his army was handed over to Lotf Ali, who now was marching towards Shiraz with more troops.
When Ebrahim learned of Lotf Ali Khan's condition, he plotted a coup against Sayed Morad Khan. On May 8, 1789, Ebrahim and plotters, rushed into Arg and arrested Sayed Morad Khan, and executed many of those loyal to him. After learning of these events, Lotf Ali arrived in Shiraz overnight. He ordered that Sayed Morad Khan be blinded and killed and was crowned king on 23 January 1789.
Conflict with Lotf Ali Khan
Since the coronation, the young king and Ebrahim had disputes, one of which was about the trial of Mirza Mahdi. Lotf Ali Khan punished his father's killers at the first opportunity but through the mediation of Ebrahim, he forgave one of the perpetrators, Mirza Mehdi, who was a relative of Ebrahim, but Lotf Ali Khan soon afterwards killed Mirza Mehdi at the instigation of his mother. Ebrahim considered this act a threat to his power and began to avoid the young king. Ebrahim kept his allegiance until May 1790, when Lotf Ali Khan left Shiraz for southern Fars during a siege by Agha Mohammad Khan and set out to conquer Kerman. Lotf Ali appointed his younger son (or according to some sources his younger brother) Khosrow Khan as governor of Fars and Ebrahim as his regent. Lotf Ali Khan did not trust Ebrahim but could not remove him because Ebrahim was a popular figure whose support was crucial in stabilization of his new-found throne, so he took Ebrahim's eldest son Mirza Mohammad as a hostage. At this Ebrahim realized Lotf Ali Khan was against him, and he decided to break his bond with the Zand dynasty that had been established since the Karim Khan era, and to turn his allegiance to Agha Mohammad Khan Qajar.
At the time Ebrahim was involved in a power struggle with Zand chiefs and generals who controlled the Arg. Arg of Karim Khan was one of the strategically important areas of Shiraz, so that the rulers of this building had the main power in Shiraz. Knowing this fact, Ebrahim knew that he had to conquer the Arg, in order to take control of the city by purging those loyal to Lotf Ali Khan. Thus not long after Lotf Ali Khan's leaving, Ebrahim rushed into the Arg with a militia force of Lutis under the command of his brother Mohammad Hossein, arrested all Zand generals and then sent a message to his brothers Abdul Rahim Khan and Mohammad Ali, who commanded two regiments of Lotf Ali Khan's infantry, to revolt and arrest him. Although Lotf Ali Khan survived the uprising, his troops were dispersed and he retreated to Shiraz with 200 men. But on his return to Shiraz, the gates of the city did not open for him. The commanders of his army had been separated from the young king by Ebrahim, who had informed them that if they did not abandon Lotf Ali Khan, their families inside the city would be harmed.
Lotf Ali Khan, now with fewer men, fled to southern Fars. At first, he wanted to go to his old ally Sheikh Nasser Khan, the governor of Bushehr, but after Sheikh Nasser refused to give him refuge, Lotf Ali Khan went north. Ebrahim, with the help of Reza Qoli Khan Kazeruni, chief of the Qashqais, provided a united army of tribes near Shiraz and set out to possibly arrest Lotf Ali Khan. Ebrahim's army clashed with those of Lotf Ali Khan near Kazerun, ending with a victory for the latter, who successfully conquered the city. Lotf Ali Khan ordered the blinding of Reza Qoli Khan and his son. It was at this time Sultan Ali Khan Zand, one of the Zand princes who had escaped from Shiraz, arrived at Lotf Ali's camp with seventy men. When news of the conquest of Kazerun reached Ebrahim, knowing he might lose to Lotf Ali Khan, Ebrahim wrote a letter to Agha Mohammad Khan, pledged him his (and peoples of Fars') allegiance and offered him 3,000 mares as an additional gift. Agha Mohammad Khan accepted this offer, appointed Ebrahim as governor of Fars, and granted him the title Khan.
Siding with Agha Mohammad Khan
Siege of Shiraz
At the end of 1791, Lotf Ali Khan with 3,000 men went to Shiraz from Kazerun and besieged the city. The leaders of Shiraz expected another member of the Zand dynasty would be enthroned after the removal of Lotf Ali Khan and since this was no longer possible, they intended to ally with Lotf Ali and open the gates. Aware of this, Ebrahim invited the tribal forces to receive their monthly salary then disarmed them and drove them out of the city. These forces, numbering 3,000, joined Lotf Ali Khan outside the city. Because they were unarmed, however, they were not very effective. Lotf Ali Khan besieged the city; his situation outside the city became more stable because he dominated almost all the suburbs of Shiraz. Lotf Ali tried to negotiate with Ebrahim and tried to persuade him to surrender the city and seek refuge with the Ottoman Empire or the Mughal Empire with his family but Ebrahim rejected the offer.
Ebrahim wrote a letter to Agha Mohammad Khan and asked him for help. In response, Agha Mohammad Khan sent Baba Khan from Isfahan to Shiraz with an army and ordered Mustafa Khan Davalu to camp in the gardens around Hafeziyeh. At the same time, Ebrahim tried to assassinate Lotf Ali Khan, forcing several Shiraz merchants to write a letter stating they would open one of the city gates on a certain night so the Zand forces could enter Shiraz. When the proposed night came, Lotf Ali and 300 of his companions marched towards the gate then the Qajar forces began to attack. Mustafa Khan rushed to Lotf Ali Khan and on his way, killed one of the latter's commanders, Sultan Ali Khan. Lotf Ali quickly returned from Shiraz to his camp with the rest of his men.
Shortly afterwards, the second wave of Qajar Forces, 5,000 men under command of Mohammad Khan and Reza Qoli Khan, camped near Shiraz. Lotf Ali Khan tried to ambush them but failed. Mustafa Khan and his men joined the new forces and in early 1792, they clashed with Lotf Ali Khan's forces around Shiraz, which ended in a decisive victory of the Zand Khan. At this time, the situation in Shiraz was unstable. The city was in a food shortage, and Ebrahim feared his opponents and supporters of Lotf Ali Khan would mount a coup against him. Ebrahim wrote a letter telling Agha Mohammad Khan of the situation. Agha Mohammad Khan set out for Shiraz and settled a few miles away in Abarj. Lotf Ali Khan, who was unable to confront this large army, ambushed them at night and killed a large group of Agha Mohammad Khan's troops. It was thought Agha Mohammad Khan had been defeated but as dawn broke, his defeated armies gathered and soon organized. Lotf Ali Khan, who knew he could not resist, was forced to flee. Agha Mohammad Khan entered the city on July 21, 1792; he visited the hostage family of Lotf Ali and sent them to Tehran.
Governor of Fars
In early 1793, Agha Mohammad Khan informed Ebrahim his army would camp near Shiraz, and all notables and Ebrahim himself should visit his camp. Ebrahim hand no choice but to greet Agha Mohammad Khan when he arrived in Shiraz. Agha Mohammad Khan rewarded his supporters, chief among them being Ebrahim, but also took drastic measures regarding the city's population, especially against those who were not royal to him. On his orders, the Nobles of Shiraz, including Ebrahim, were ordered to surrender their wives and children as hostages. To avenge Karim Khan, Agha Mohommad ordered the exhumation of Karim and his bones to be buried in the stairs to his palace. To prevent a revolt from the city's residents, he ordered the destruction of the Arg. When Agha Mohammad Khan left Fars, Lotf Ali Khan, who had been in Tabas for some time, rushed to Fars. When Ebrahim became aware of this, he informed the agents of Agha Mohammad Khan. Mohammad Hussein Khan, Ebrahim's brother, was assigned to confront Lotf Ali Khan with the aid of Agha Mohammad Khan's army. The battle happened in Darian and ended with Lotf Ali Khan's flight to Bam.
In 1794, Ebrahim went to Tehran with his tribal army to join Agha Mohammad Khan and besiege Kerman. In October 1794, Kerman was conquered, Lotf Ali Khan was arrested and, at the instigation of Ebrahim, blinded and executed at the age of 26. Ebrahim's time as Governor ended when in November 1794 when Agha Mohammad Khan returned victorious to Shiraz, where he appointed his heir Baba Khan as the governor. Agha Mohammad Khan ordered a banquet to be held for his victory, in which "the fountains of Shiraz be filled with wine".
Grand vizierate
Grand vizierate under Agha Mohammad Khan
Agha Mohammad appointed Ebrahim as his first and only vazir-e a'zam (grand vizier) and in imitation of the Safavid kings gave him the title of E'temad ol-Dowleh. The same year, Agha Mohammad Khan invaded Azerbaijan to take control of the lands between the Aras and Kura rivers. On Ebrahim's advice, Agha Mohammad Khan divided his army into three when he reached Aras. The army under the command of Ebrahim and his brothers captured Yerevan. Agha Mohammad Khan and his army went to Karabakh and after a long siege came to an agreement in which he was not allowed to enter Shushi but Karabakh became subordinate. in August, Ebrahim joined Agha Mohammad Khan in the conquest of Georgia.
In 1795, after the victory in Krtsanisi, Agha Mohammad Khan and his company, including Ebrahim, camped in Mugan plain, where in 1736, Nader Shah, in front of notables of Iran, proclaimed himself king. Ebrahim, who saw an uncrowned king as a motive for claimants, took the opportunity to offer Agha Mohammad Khan a coronation. Until that day, Agha Mohammad Khan had refused to accept the title of Shah, out of respect for Sultan Mohammad Mirza, a claimant member of the Safavid dynasty, who was present in Qajar Khan's camp, and because he had not yet united all of Iran. Ebrahim, in a letter to Shrine of Sheikh Safi al-Din, ordered the sending of the sword of Ismail I to Mughan. Astrologers found Nowruz of 1796 auspicious for the ceremony. On the appointed day, Agha Mohammad Khan wore a silken robe and sat on a marble throne; he wore the diamond Daria-i-Noor, which he had taken from Lotf Ali Khan, and tied the sword of Ismail I around his waist. Ebrahim placed the pearl-adorned crown of Kiani on Agha Mohammad Khan's head and proclaimed him the Shah of Iran. Agha Mohammad Khan then marched to Mashhad to subdue Shahrokh Afshar while Ebrahim went to Tehran.
While Agha Mohammad Khan was traveling to Khorasan, a few revolts took place in the realm for vengeance of Lotf Ali Khan; the most important rebellion was led by Yaqub Khan Zand in Shiraz. Yaqub Khan was grandson of Sadeq Khan who survived Sayed Morad Khan's purge. Ebrahim took command of an army and went to Shiraz because he was interested in meeting Yaqub Khan. The rebels were defeated after a quick battle and the Zand pretender was captured. After talking to Yaqub Khan for a while, Ebrahim exiled him to the Ottoman Empire. To prevent further revolts from the Zands, and to organize a central administration in Tehran, Ebrahim recruited former officials who were in Zand service. In the same year, French diplomats Jean-Guillem Brugesire and Guillem Antonin Olivier visited Tehran and met with Ebrahim. Their aim was to persuade Agha Mohammad Khan to abandon his rule over Georgia, and also wanted to establish a link with Europe through Mingrelia. Ebrahim, however, told them Iranian rule over Georgia was legitimate and based on the 1618 Treaty of Serav, during which Shah Abbas I annexed Georgia.
Rivalry with Mirza Shafi Mazandarani
In 1796, while Russians were marching to Georgia and Transcaucasia, Agha Mohammad Khan in Tehran appointed Mirza Shafi Mazandarani as kalantar of Tehran and then left with an army to fight Valerian Zubov. Agha Mohammad Khan appointed him after Mirza Shafi accompanied him in the invasion of Khorasan. In Mashhad, by Mirza Shafi's advice, Shahrokh Shah, the grandson of Nader Shah, was tortured to expose his grandfather's royal jewels. Mirza Shafi did not trust Ebrahim, whom he saw as a traitor to Lotf Ali Khan and believed he would do the same to Agha Mohammad Khan. Mirza Shafi was also ambitious; he sought to discredit Ebrahim with Agha Mohammad Khan so with his removal, he would become the grand vizier. A rivalry arose between the two, in which both sought to persuade Agha Mohammad Khan to dismiss the other.
Agha Mohammad Khan established a bureaucratic system all powerful Qajar Grand Viziers would try to replace in later years. Under this system, the rulers of each region would only answer to the king and would ignore Grand Viziers. Ebrahim, who had strengthened his influence in some areas such as Shiraz, had the Crown Prince and Governor of Fars, Baba Khan report anything to him and address him with respect. The situation in Tehran was different since Mirza Shafi did not inform Ebrahim of any issues, including taxes and the internal situation of the city. There was also the issue of dealing with peasants' cases, and complaints and court rulings. Ebrahim dealt with the demands and complaints of the peasants every day, and Mirza Shafi accepted the complaints because he was kalantar of Tehran. To resolve this dispute, Tehran officials divided the city into two parts, leaving one part to the Grand Vizier and the other to the kalantar of Tehran. though neither man accepted the suggestion.
Ebrahim knew the Qajar King would not oust Mirza Shafi for the time being so Ebrahim decided to appoint his ally Mirza Mohammad Davalu as a co-kalantar for him. Agha Mohammad Khan immediately accepted the offer because since the murder of his brother Jafar Qolli Khan on his orders, Agha Mohammad Khan's relationship with his tribe had been cold and he needed their support. Empowering one of his relatives would restore the Qajars trust in him. The duties of the municipality were divided between the two kalantars; administrative affairs passed to Mirza Mohammad and responsibility for military defense of the capital passed to Mirza Shafi. In reality, Mirza Mohammad's share and wages went to Ebrahim; Mirza Shafi was dissatisfied with this issue and continued to deal with financial and judicial affairs, and ignored Mirza Mohammad. The dispute between the kalantar of Tehran and the Grand Vizier was growing but neither of them dared to complain to Agha Mohammad Khan, who was at war, so they endured the situation.
Assassination of Agha Mohammad Khan
In 1797, Ebrahim joined Agha Mohammad Khan on a march to Shusha, where Agha Mohammad Khan was assassinated by his servants. The day after, when officials learned of Agha Mohammad Khan's death, Ebrahim ordered the formation of an emergency council, which included Sadeq Khan Shaqaqi, Hussein Qoli Khan (the brother of Baba Khan), Suleiman Khan Qajar Qowanlu, and the governor of Azerbaijan. At this meeting, it was decided Agha Mohammad Khan's death should remain a secret for the time being so the army would not disintegrate and the situation in the realm would not become chaotic. Sadeq Khan forbade entry and exit to the camp, and ordered the army commanders to be careful of the city's gates and to not let anyone who knew about the death leave the city. Ebrahim suspected the assassination plot had been ordered by Sadeq Khan, and now Sadeq Khan had taken control of the city, he might try to kill Ebrahim. Ebrahim gathered a large part of Agha Mohammad Khan's disintegrated army then went to Tehran via Ardabil.
Rebellion of Sadeq Khan Shaqaqi
As soon as Sadeq Khan was informed of Ebrahim's departure to Tehran, he set out to conquer the capital and usurp the throne. Sadeq Khan stopped for two days in Sarab and handed over 2,000 of his troops to his brother Mohammad Ali Sultan, and sent him to conquer Tabriz. Sadeq Khan then continued his attack with 23,000 soldiers, and confronted and defeated Hussein Qoli Khan in Chaharbagh. Sadeq Khan thought Tehran was a defenseless city that would be quickly conquered but when he arrived in Tehran, he realized the city gates were closed and only the muleteers were allowed to enter. Sadeq Khan wrote a letter to Mirza Shafi the kalantar of Tehran, assuring him he would make Mirza Shafi his grand vizier if the city gates were opened. Mirza Shafi objected and replied the city gates would only be opened only to the Crown Prince Baba Khan. Sadeq Khan besieged the city for three days but with supplies lowering, he had to retreat to Qazvin. In Qazvin, he announced this city, which was the capital of Ismail I, would be his capital too, though Qazvin was the capital of Tahmasp I. Sadeq Khan wanted to capture Tehran but his army was in a weak position so he asked his brothers Jafar Qoli Khan, the Governor of Ahar, and Mohammad Ali Sultan, who had conquered Tabriz, to invade the city. At the same time, Ebrahim wrote a letter telling the Crown Prince in Shiraz of the situation, then prepared with his brothers to organize an army to retake the conquered areas. Mirza Shafi, who saw more profit in helping the grand vizier, gave Ebrahim several cannons. Ebrahim did not know Qazvin was under Sadeq Khan's control so in September that year, he set out for Tabriz.
Ebrahim defeated Sadeq Khan's brothers in several battles and pushed them back to Zanjan. On September 27, Baba Khan arrived in Tehran with an army of about 30,000 men. Baba Khan wrote a letter to Ebrahim asking him to combine the two armies. The news that Sadeq Khan had camped in Qazvin reached Tehran and Baba Khan's army marched towards the city in October 12. When Sadeq Khan realized Baba Khan's army was moving towards Qazvin, he decided to join his brothers, and left the city with 23,000 soldiers. On October 14, Baba Khan conquered Qazvin without bloodshed, then pursued Sadeq Khan and fought and defeated him in Khakali near Qazvin. Ebrahim defeated the rest of the rebels in Zanjan by the end of October. Sadeq Khan was forgiven and became the ruler of Sarab and Mianeh but Baba Khan kept Sadeq Khan's wife and daughter-in-law in prison, and ordered their torture. Sadeq Khan once again tried to revolt but was arrested and imprisoned in a room by Ebrahim, who later ordered his execution by stoning.
Grand vizierate under Fath-Ali Shah
When Baba Khan ascended the throne as Fath-Ali Shah, he allowed Ebrahim to remain Grand Vizier. Under his tact and foresight, the early turbulence of the new shah's reign ended quickly. The most important revolt after Sadiq Khan's was that of Fath-Ali Sha's brother Hussein Qoli Khan, governor of Fars. In 1798, Hussein Qoli Khan blinded several officials of Shiraz, including Ebrahim's brother Mohammad Zaman, then set out to conquer Tehran. Hussein Qoli Khan's army fought with Fath-Ali Shah, who was accompanied by Ebrahim, in Saruq; before the battle, Ebrahim sent a courier to Hussein Qoli Khan with false messages concealed in one of his boots, addressed to Hussein Qoli's army chiefs, asking them to leave the governor and joining the Shah. The courier was arrested and the false messages revealed, leading Hussein Qoli to become uncertain of his chief's loyalty, abandoned his revolt, and surrendered to Fath-Ali Shah. After this incident, Fath Ali Shah's trust in Ebrahim increased; Ebrahim used this trust to divert the young king from state affairs and increase his influence. Gradually, Ebrahim appointed his siblings as Governors across the realm and wedded his daughter to Mirza Mohammad-Ali Khan, a respected figure in court, to gain an alliance against his rival Mirza Shafi, who was now leader of the opposition. Around this time, Ebrahim put Mirza Shafi in house arrest and made Mirza Mohammad the sole kalantar of Tehran.
During Ebrahim's lifetime, the East India Company began to court cooperation from Iran. In 1799, Zaman Shah Durrani emerged as a threat to the British colony in India; the East India Company sent an ambassador named Mahdi Ali Khan Bahadour to Tehran to urge Fath Ali Shah to invade the Durrani Empire. In Tehran, Mehdi Ali Khan negotiated with Ebrahim, who refused to invade Afghanistan, not wishing to start another conflict following years of civil war and the conquests of Agha Mohammad Khan. The following year, another ambassador, John Malcolm, arrived in Iran, meeting first in Shiraz and then in Tehran. Malcolm asked Ebrahim to protect the Lahore Shiites from the Sunni Afghan tribes but Ebrahim replied the government's political concerns are separate from its religious beliefs. Malcolm persuaded Ebrahim to sign a trade agreement with Britain, which allowed British traders to trade in Iranian ports in the south.
Death
Ebrahim's opponents gradually grew and secretly made a pact with Mirza Shafi, and began plotting against Ebrahim. Their provocations and the growing fear of the power of Ebrahim's family led Fath Ali Shah to decide to oust and kill him. There is a view the British ambassadors were also involved in this conspiracy. Ebrahim was affected by the lack of a strong alliance with the Shah's mother because in the opinion of Fath Ali Shah, Ebrahim was an obstacle to a life of pleasure and prosperity the new shah intended to lead, even though earlier, Ebrahim pushed the Shah out of internal matters of the realm, and as was later the case with the other Qajar kings, Fath Ali Shah trusted only his mother completely, and if his mother was a supporter of Ebrahim, he would also support him. Ebrahim suspected a conspiracy was being hatched against him, and in March 1801, he told John Malcolm he was worried about his safety. Malcolm tried to make peace between Ebrahim and the opposition, and advised Ebrahim to deal with the shah in a better temper. Ebrahim replied that he could not change his forthright nature and even if he did, it would not deescalate his opponents' hostility towards him.
On April 14, 1801, Ebrahim was summoned to the shah and accused of plotting against him. Ebrahim denied all of the charges. After a short time, he was taken to Taleghan, blinded, had his tongue cut out, and killed. On Shah's orders, Ebrahim's family was purged; all of the adult males were arrested and Ebrahim's three brothers—Abdol-Rahim, governor of Isfahan, Mohammad Zaman, the blind kalantar of Shiraz, and Mohammad Hassan the governor of Kohgiluyeh—along with his eldest son Mirza Mohammad were executed. Asadollah, another of his sons, was also blinded. Mirza Ali Reza, one of his young sons, was castrated. Only his youngest son Ali Akbar and his daughter Mahbanu Khanum, survived the purge.
Family
Ebrahim had only one wife, Gulab Khanum, the daughter of Samuel Khan, a famous Jewish merchant of Shiraz. This marriage took place in 1782, when Ebrahim was still the kalantar of Shiraz. They had five children, four boys and a girl:
Mirza Mohammad Khan, his eldest son and beglerbegi of Fars, who was executed in the 1801 purge.
Asadollah Khan (1783-1863), In 1793, although he was still a child, Agha Mohammad Khan took him into his custody, sent him to Qazvin with the intention of taking him hostage. In the early days of Fath Ali Shah, when Asadollah was 16 years old or younger, he became the governor of Kashan for a short time. Asadollah was blinded in the 1801 purge. He died at the age of 83 in Shiraz.
Mahbanu Khanum, married with Mirza Mohammad-Ali and gave birth to Mirza Abolhassan Khan Ilchi.
Ali Reza; because of his youth, Ali Reza was spared but was castrated, and became a eunuch in the royal harem.
Ali Akbar, was also to be castrated but was spared because of his illness, from which he was expected to die. Years later for appeasement, he was given the title Qawam al-Mulk and his family lands in Fars were returned to him. His children formed the Qavam family. Ali Akbar also organized the Khamseh tribal confederacy.
The Qavam family remained powerless for a short time after Ebrahim's death but restored their wealth and gained alliances in court that protected them from schemes against them. They were the architects of the modern Shiraz, having built over twenty palace and gardens there, the best-known of them being Qavam House.
Religious beliefs
Qajar historians generally identified Ebrahim as a Jew, although he may have been Muslim. Some historians, such as Mahmud Mahmud, have referred to him as an anús; in the time of Ebrahim, synagogues were opened in Shiraz and Tehran, but before that, Jews had to read the Torah in a low voice in their houses. Another evidence is his desire for monogamism, since at that time, it was customary for high-ranking officials to have several wives and several concubines whereas Ebrahim had only one wife.
Ebrahim never drank wine in public and tried to present himself as a religious person. He went to Hajj and preferred people to refer to him as "Hajji". He also had a lot of respect for the mullahs of Shiraz and always paid his zakat. Ebrahim was a supporter of Usuli Mujtahids and was an ally to Agha Mohammad-Ali Behbahani, and thus an enemy of the Ni'matullāhī Sufi order.
Historiography and legacy
Hajji Ebrahim Shirazi is considered a controversial figure in the modern history of Iran; some historians describe him as a "traitor" to Lotf Ali Khan while some admire his genius. Mahmoud Mahmoud praised Ebrahim's tact and called him a "kingmaker". According to Abbas Amanat, Ebrahim is "the least understood statesman of modern Persian history", and Amanat adds John Malcolm's opinion: "Malcolm, who was on intimate terms with him, praised him as a 'truly a great man,' a genius, and one of the best statesmen Persia has ever had". Modern historian Ebrahim Al Davood, however, describes Ebrahim as a politician whose ignorance of world affairs at the time meant he could not exploit conflicts between European governments in favor of Iran, and as one who inflicted heavy losses on the realm's interests. Hossein Ahmadi sees Ebrahim as a politician who, when the country was in crisis, was forced to turn against Lotf Ali Khan to end it. According to Ahmadi, despite Ebrahim's efforts to strengthen his position alongside the Zand and Qajar dynasties, he never gained the trust of powerful circles in a period in which the bureaucracy was weak, and met the same fate of Nizam al-Mulk and Rashid al-Din Hamadani, that would also befall Abol-Qasem Qa'em-Maqam and Amir Kabir.
The demonization of Ebrahim partly comes from a heroic portrayal of Lotf Ali Khan as a saviour of Iran who was defeated by the kalantar's deception. Ebrahim's reputation was sullied by Qajar historians who had to portray him negatively to avoid depecting Fath-Ali Shah's punishment of Ebrahim and his family as an injustice. Regarding his action towards Lotf Ali Khan, it is likely that Ebrahim initially aspired to create a confederation of semi-autonomous tribes and Free cities rather than to dethrone Lotf Ali in favour of Agha Mohammad Khan. The plan failed because Ebrahim had to surrender Fars to the Qajars but his wish was later realized by his son Ali Akbar, who formed the Khamseh tribal confederation. Ebrahim had once told John Malcolm that he only turned to the Qajars because it was "desire to save his country from the continual petty wars".
Ebrahim was the main figure in ending the war of succession for the throne of Karim Khan. Ebrahim's support for Agha Mohammad Khan stabilized Iran and his support for Fath-Ali Shah strengthened the power of the Qajars. Ebrahim also influenced the later Qajar grand viziers such as Mirza Aqa Khan Nuri, who looked at his administration with admiration. Ebrahim's downfall, which denoted the weakness of the ministers' autonomy toward the authoritarian power of the kings, and along with the death of Qa'em-Maqam and Amir Kabir, became a main concern for early intellectuals of the Iranian Enlightenment, whose wish for freedom of speech eventually resulted in the Constitutional Revolution.
References
Notes
Citations
Bibliography
Further reading
18th-century Iranian politicians
People from Shiraz
1745 births
1801 deaths
Iranian people of Jewish descent
Zand governors of Shiraz
Viziers
Executed Iranian people
People executed by Qajar Iran
Prime Ministers of Iran
Qavam family
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41043341
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Education%20Day
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National Education Day
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National Education Day can refer to:
Education and Sharing Day
National Education Day (India)
National Education Day (Indonesia)
MasterCard Money Matters National Education Day, part of National Payroll Week
See also
Teachers' Day
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41043345
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%20FORU%20Oceania%20Cup
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2011 FORU Oceania Cup
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The 2011 FORU Oceania Cup for national rugby union teams in the Oceania region was held in Papua New Guinea at the Lloyd Robson Oval in Port Moresby from 29 November to 3 December.
Papua New Guinea won the cup, retaining their title from 2009, by winning the round-robin tournament over Vanuatu, Solomon Islands, and Niue.
Round-robin tournament
See also
FORU Oceania Cup
Reference list
2011
2011 rugby union tournaments for national teams
2011 in Oceanian rugby union
International rugby union competitions hosted by Papua New Guinea
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41043349
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zlogosh%20Passage
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Zlogosh Passage
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Zlogosh Passage (, ‘Protok Zlogosh’ \'pro-tok 'zlo-gosh\) is the 320 m wide passage in the Palmer Archipelago between Davis Island on the south and Chauveau Point, Liège Island on the north. It connects Bouquet Bay and Gerlache Strait, another connection between the two being Sumer Passage.
The passage is named after the settlement of Zlogosh in Western Bulgaria.
Location
Zlogosh Passage is located at . British mapping in 1978.
Maps
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1980.
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
References
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
Zlogosh Passage. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
External links
Zlogosh Passage. Copernix satellite image
Straits of the Palmer Archipelago
Bulgaria and the Antarctic
Liège Island
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41043370
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Tippeligaen
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2014 Tippeligaen
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The 2014 Tippeligaen was the 70th completed season of top division football in Norway. The competition began on 28 March 2014, two weeks later than in the previous season. A three-week summer-break in June was scheduled due to the 2014 FIFA World Cup, and the decisive match was played on 9 November 2014. Strømsgodset were the defending champions. Bodø/Glimt and Stabæk joined as the promoted clubs from the 2013 1. divisjon. They replaced Tromsø and Hønefoss who were relegated to the 2014 1. divisjon.
Molde won their third title, with four matches to spare following a 2–1 away win against Viking on 4 October 2014. The team broke the record for most points (71) and most wins (22).
Overview
Summary
On 4 October, Molde were confirmed as league champions following their 2–1 away win against Viking in the 26th round. They won their third title. On 2 November, in the penultimate round of the season, Sandnes Ulf were the first team to be relegated to the 1. divisjon when they gave away a 3–1 lead in stoppage time and drew 3–3 away to Start. On the final day, Sogndal were relegated and Brann qualified for the relegation play-offs. On 26 November, Brann were the third team to be relegated after losing the play-offs 4–1 on aggregate against Mjøndalen.
Teams
The league was contested by 16 teams: the best 13 teams of the 2013 season, and the 14th-placed Sarpsborg 08 who won the relegation-playoffs against Ranheim, in addition to two promoted teams from 1. divisjon. The promoted teams were Bodø/Glimt and Stabæk, returning to the top flight after an absence of four years and one season respectively. They replaced Tromsø (after an eleven-year spell in Eliteserien) and Hønefoss (relegated after two seasons presence).
Stadiums and locations
Note: Table lists in alphabetical order.
Personnel and kits
League table
Relegation play-offs
The 14th-placed team, Brann, took part in a two-legged play-off against Mjøndalen, the winners of the 2014 1. divisjon promotion play-offs, to decide who would play in the 2015 Tippeligaen.
First leg
Second leg
Mjøndalen won 4–1 on aggregate and gained promotion to the 2015 Tippeligaen; Brann were relegated to the 1. divisjon.
Results
Season statistics
Top scorers
Hat-tricks
Notes
(H) – Home team(A) – Away team
Top assists
Discipline
Player
Most yellow cards: 9
Anders Trondsen (Stabæk)
Most red cards: 2
Aksel Berget Skjølsvik (Sandnes Ulf)
Club
Most yellow cards: 49
Strømsgodset
Most red cards: 3
Sandnes Ulf
Attendances
Awards
Annual awards
Player of the Year
The Player of the Year awarded to
Jone Samuelsen (Odds)
Goalkeeper of the Year
The Goalkeeper of the Year awarded to
Ørjan Nyland (Molde)
Defender of the Year
The Defender of the Year awarded to
Martin Linnes (Molde)
Midfielder of the Year
The Midfielder of the Year awarded to
Jone Samuelsen
(Odds)
Striker of the Year
The Striker of the Year awarded to
Viðar Örn Kjartansson (Vålerenga)
Manager of the Year
The Manager of the Year awarded to
Tor Ole Skullerud (Molde)
Young Player of the Year
The Young Player of the Year awarded to
Martin Ødegaard (Strømsgodset)
References
External links
Season at soccerway.com
Season at RSSSF
Eliteserien seasons
1
Norway
Norway
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41043381
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batak%20cuisine
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Batak cuisine
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Batak cuisine is the cuisine and cooking traditions of Batak ethnic groups, predominantly found in Northern Sumatra region, Indonesia. Batak cuisine is part of Indonesian cuisine, and compared to other Sumatran cuisine traditions, it is more indigenously preserved. One characteristic of Batak cuisine is its preference to andaliman (Zanthoxylum acanthopodium) as the main spice. That is why andaliman in Indonesia sometimes dubbed as "Batak pepper".
Batak people are majority Christian — unlike neighboring Muslim-majority ethnic groups such as Aceh and Minang — Christian Batak people are not restricted to Islamic halal dietary law. Many of the Batak's popular meals are made of pork as well as dishes made from unusual ingredients, such as dog meat or blood, however there are also halal batak dishes, mostly chicken, beef, lamb, mutton, and freshwater fishes.
Batak culinary centers are located in towns of Batak highlands, such as the town of Kabanjahe and Berastagi in Tanah Karo area. While some towns around the Lake Toba offers freshwater fish dishes such as carp arsik. The Northern Sumatra capital of Medan is also a Batak cuisine hotspot where numerous of Lapo (Batak eating establishments) can be found, yet the city is also a culinary center of halal Malay Deli, as well as Indian Cuisine and Chinese Indonesian cuisines. Outside its traditional lands in North Sumatra, Batak cuisine can also be found in Lapo in Jakarta, as well as most of the Indonesian major cities. Batak food is also widely present in Penang, Malaysia due to wide Batak migrant labour population found there.
History
Cooking traditions in many parts of Sumatra often demonstrates foreign culinary influences; such as Minang, Malay and Aceh cuisines featuring typical curry-like dishes heavily influenced by Indian and Arabic cuisines. Batak cuisine however, retain its indigenous Austronesian cooking traditions; such as cooking meats (especially pork) along with its blood. Similar dish can also be found in Filipino cuisine, such as dinuguan. However, since many tribes of the archipelago have converted to Islam, the non-halal dishes such as those using pork, dog meat, or blood, has been abandoned, and now only survive in non-Muslim areas, such as Batak lands.
Spices and flavourings
Regional differences between Batak and Acehnese culinary influences, among others, are characterized by the choice of spices; curry leaves or andaliman. Coastal Acehnese people using curry leaves (Murraya koenigii) as the main spice, while the Batak people prefer andaliman. Regions that use andaliman as main spices starting from the Gayo highlands in Central Aceh continue to the southeast up to Berastagi in Tanah Karo in North Sumatra.
The most widely used spice in Batak cuisine is andaliman and batak onion (chives), they are commonly used for all types of arsik. The most common Batak spicy sauce is called arsik — it is a Batak sauce made from the mixture of andaliman, turmeric, garlic and candlenut. There are many unique spices used in Batak cuisine recipes. Sambal Tuktuk for example use a mixture of andaliman and other spices. Other spices commonly used in Batak cuisine includes kaffir lime, Indonesian bay leaves, coriander, onion, garlic, chili pepper, pepper, lemongrass, ginger, galangal and turmeric.
Meat
For many centuries Batak tribes has led a relatively isolated way of life and maintained their ancestral belief systems. As the result a lot of the indigenous elements of their culture still survive, including their culinary arts. Today majority of Batak tribes are Christian, for example Batak Toba, Karo, and Pakpak. Pork and dog meats are commonly consumed. Dog meat is usually called B1, derived from biang, Batak word to refer a dog, while pork is often called B2 from babi. Pork (B2) or dog meat (B1) are usually cooked in its own blood, spiced and seasoned as saksang, or grilled as panggang.
However, there is also Muslim Batak tribes, such as Mandailing Batak tribe. They apply Islamic dietary law which only allows halal food and forbid consumption of pork, dog meat, and blood.
Popular Batak pork dish are saksang, fried cutlets sauteed pork in thick spicy blood sauces and Babi Panggang Karo (karo roast pork) — often shortened to BPK — which is locals' favourite and has become nationally famous through Lapo Batak restaurants nationwide. BPK consists of roasted pork slices with three accompaniments: a bowl of broth made from the essence of boiled pig's bones, a platter of porcine blood cooked with pepper and chili, and a saucer of extra-hot chili sauce.
Another common meat consumed in the Batak cuisine is buffalo meat, beef and chicken. Manuk Napinadar is a grilled chicken smothered in chicken blood itself, spiced with andaliman and garlic powder. Ayam Tasak Telu is one of popular chicken dish in Batak cuisine. Tasak telu literally means “cooking three times,” and consists of three dishes: the first part is boiled chicken< the second part is a sauce made of finely-ground corn kernels, spices and the remaining stock from the boiled chicken, the third part is an assortment of chopped vegetables and spicy coconut.
Fish
Since the Batak tribes live in the interior of North Sumatra, freshwater fish that live in rivers or Lake Toba is commonly consumed by locals. Carp usually cooked as Arsik or Dengke Mas na Niura, the fish is not cooked, but just seasoned and flavored in heavy spices. In addition to carp, catfish and tilapia are also consumed, usually cooked as Na Tinombur.
Exotic dishes
Batak dishes sometimes use unusual meats such as dog meat (B1 or "biang" ) cooked as saksang or roasted as panggang.
One unusual notorious dish is Pagit-pagit that has distinctly pungent aroma. The ingredients include a brew of cassava leaves, santan (coconut milk), rimbang (a bitter but non-toxic variety of the nightshade family), flowers of some locally-available plants and some arsik sauce, pork or beef meat, mixed with additional unusual substance — juice from a cow's cud, food that has been digested and regurgitated.
Another exotic and rare ingredients is . It is the Karo word for white, plump grubs or insect larvae found in sugar palm trees. The kidu-kidu sausages are named as such because they look similar to the grubs. The grubs are lightly fried to make the outer skin crispy while keeping the inner part juicy, and then briefly cooked in a boiling arsik sauce.
Beverages
For the Batak community, tuak (palm liquor) is not just for drinking binges. The beverage is mandatory at celebrations, and drinking tuak has become something of a tradition. It is a popular traditional alcoholic beverage made from palm wine. It is made by fermenting the enau sap. Batak Lapo Tuak is a drinking establishment dedicated to serve this traditional alcoholic beverage. North Sumatra is also known as coffee production area in Indonesia. Coffee variants such as Mandheling is those coffee beans grown in North Sumatran Mandailing region.
Dishes
Saksang
Arsik
Panggang
Ayam Tasak Telu
Manuk Napinadar
Tanggotanggo
Dengke Mas na Niura
Na Tinombur
Mie gomak
Na Nidugu
Dali ni Horbo
Sambal Tuktuk
Pagit-pagit
Daun ubi tumbuk
Snacks
Itak Gurgur
Kue Pohulpohul
Kue Ombusombus
Kue Lampet
Kue Benti
Tipatipa
Kacang Sihobuk
Sasagun
Bika Ambon
See also
Indonesian cuisine
Minangkabau cuisine
Palembang cuisine
Javanese cuisine
References
External links
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41043403
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George%20Sellery
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George Sellery
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George Clarke Sellery (January 21, 1872 – January 21, 1962) was dean of the University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science and acting president of the university for six months after Glenn Frank's ouster. Prior to these posts, he was a history professor educated at the University of Toronto and the University of Chicago. In his role as dean, he was known as a sharp critic of the University of Wisconsin Experimental College program.
Early life and career
George Clarke Sellery was born January 21, 1872, in Kincardine, Ontario. He graduated from the University of Toronto in 1897, and earned a Ph.D. in history from the University of Chicago in 1901.
Madison
Sellery became a history instructor at the University of Wisconsin in 1901, and was later named a professor in 1909. Sellery directed the UW summer session from 1906 to 1911, and as dean of the University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Letters and Science from 1919 to 1942, when he retired. His salary as dean was $7,500. Even as dean, he continued to give his history courses, which were popular. He was known as a "team player", for his dedication, and he strongly defended faculty interests. Sellery publicly denounced Alexander Meiklejohn and UW President Glenn Frank's Experimental College, which he saw as demeaning the faculty and their institution. This created a rift between Sellery and Meiklejohn–Frank.
Animosity between Sellery and Frank was longstanding. Sellery was rumored to be in line for the UW presidency before Frank's arrival. Near the beginning of his term, Frank had a private investigator make files on Wisconsin key political and educational figures including Sellery. Frank showed these files to Sellery, who noted that his own file wasn't "complimentary". Frank attempted to fire Sellery in the first quarter of 1929, which backfired due to faculty alliance with the dean. When the Board of Regents removed Glenn Frank in January 1937, Sellery served as acting university president for six months.
Sellery died on his ninetieth birthday: January 21, 1962.
References
Sources
1872 births
1962 deaths
Leaders of the University of Wisconsin-Madison
University of Toronto alumni
University of Chicago alumni
20th-century Canadian historians
Canadian male non-fiction writers
People from Kincardine, Fife
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41043439
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese%20destroyer%20Kuwa
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Japanese destroyer Kuwa
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Two Japanese destroyers have been named :
, an of the Imperial Japanese Navy launched in 1918 and sold in 1932
, a of the Imperial Japanese Navy launched in May 1944 and sunk in December 1944
See also
Kuwa (disambiguation)
Imperial Japanese Navy ship names
Japanese Navy ship names
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41043446
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local%20blood%20flow%20regulation
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Local blood flow regulation
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In physiology, acute local blood flow regulation refers to intrinsic regulation, or control, of the vascular tone of arteries at a local level, meaning within a certain tissue type, organ, or organ system. This intrinsic type of control means that the blood vessels can automatically adjust their own vascular tone, by dilating (widening) or constricting (narrowing), in response to some change in the environment. This change occurs in order to match up the tissue's oxygen demand with the actual oxygen supply available in the blood as closely as possible. For example, if a muscle is actively being utilized it will require more oxygen than if it was at rest, so the blood vessels supplying that muscle will vasodilate, or widen in size, to increase the amount of blood, and therefore oxygen, being delivered to that muscle.
There are several mechanisms by which vascular tone, and therefore blood flow, is controlled. The sympathetic nervous system and a variety of hormones, for instance, both exert some degree of control over vascular tone. However, the local intrinsic regulatory system described here is completely independent of these other mechanisms. Many organs or organ systems have their own unique mechanism of local blood flow regulation, as explained below.
Individual Mechanisms
There are two major means of local regulation of blood flow, which are described below.
Metabolic control, which consists of metabolites and paracrine agents released from surrounding tissue that act on the blood vessel(s). For example, as tissue metabolism increases, driving up oxygen demand, the amount of available oxygen decreases, driving down the pH and triggering a release in adenosine, which triggers the blood vessel to vasodilate.
Myogenic control, which originates from the wall of the blood vessel itself and consists of both muscle reflexes and products released from endothelial cells that line the vessel. These endothelial products include nitric oxide and endothelin-1 that are released in response to either chemical stimuli, like histamine, or increased shear stress on the blood vessel (meaning the amount of stress exerted by blood on the blood vessel walls). While nitric oxide causes vasodilation, endothelin-1 causes vasoconstriction.
Examples of local blood flow regulation
Below are several examples of differing types of local blood flow regulation by specific organ type or organ system. In each case, there is a specific type of intrinsic regulation occurring in order to maintain or alter blood flow to that given organ alone, instead of creating a systemic change that would affect the entire body.
Cerebral (brain) circulation is highly sensitive to changes in pCO2, meaning the amount of dissolved carbon dioxide (CO2) present in the blood vessel, as well as the hydrogen ion concentration. Both of these factors affect pH and, in turn, the balance between vasodilation versus vasoconstriction in the brain. So, the blood vessels found specifically in the brain respond changes in dissolved carbon dioxide levels.
Coronary (heart) circulation is controlled at the local level primarily by metabolic control mechanism. More specifically it is regulated by adenosine, a local vasodilator produced by neighboring cells. Therefore, the heart is influenced by a form of metabolic control through the effects of paracrine signaling.
Renal (kidney) circulation is primarily controlled by Tubuloglomerular Feedback, which is a system of organ-specific autoregulation that directly affects renal blood flow.
Pulmonary (lung) circulation undergoes hypoxic vasoconstriction, which is a unique mechanism of local regulation in that the blood vessels in this organ react to hypoxemia, or low levels of dissolved oxygen in blood, in the opposite way as the rest of the body. While tissues and organs tend to increase blood flow by vasodilating in response to low oxygen supply, the blood vessels in the lungs actually vasoconstrict to decrease blood flow in response to low oxygen.
Splanchnic circulation, which supplies blood to several gastrointestinal organs (liver, gallbladder, pancreas, intestines) and the spleen, is influenced by gastrointestinal hormones and metabolites, such as vasodilatory kinins, released from the cells lining the intestines, bile acids from the gallbladder, and by products of digestion. This is an example of control at the organ system level as this group of organs all receive blood flow from one central source, the splanchnic artery.
Skeletal muscle is influenced by multiple factors. First, metabolites that are produced by active muscle use can alter skeletal muscle tone. Second, skeletal muscle can undergo hyperemia, which is a mechanism of local blood flow regulation with two major subtypes. Regardless of the subtype, the result of hyperemia is an increase in blood flow to the affected skeletal muscle.
Active hyperemia is one subtype, which occurs in response to increased metabolic demand, meaning high oxygen requirements within the tissue. It follows the principle of metabolic control, with the release of vasodilatory substances in response to increased oxygen demand. This is classically seen in skeletal muscle in activities like running where muscles are activity being utilized and thus have increased oxygen demand.
Reactive hyperemia is the second subtype, which occurs after a short interruption, or arrest, in blood flow. In response to the blood flow interruption, a temporary compensatory vasodilation occurs as soon as blood flow has resumed, before returning to normal. This response occurs because vasodilatory substances, like adenosine, are released in response to the blood flow interruption, meaning that when blood flow resumes it occurs in a wider blood vessel and thus at an increased flow rate. This is classically seen in weight lifting, as skeletal muscle can become occluded momentarily during this activity, thus suspending blood flow.
See also
Vasodilation
Vasoconstriction
Vascular resistance
References
Angiology
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41043492
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hektor%20Idrizaj
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Hektor Idrizaj
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Hektor Idrizaj (born 15 April 1989) is an Albanian professional footballer who plays as a defender for AF Elbasani in the Kategoria e Parë.
Club career
Early career
Idrizaj joined the youth setup of local side Flamurtari Vlorë as an 11 year old in 2000, and he progressed through the ranks at the club and played at under-17 and under-19 level, before leaving in 2008 to sign his first professional contract with Bylis Ballsh. He made his professional debut on 14 September 2008 in a league game against Elbasani, where he came on as a 20th-minute substitute for injured Roland Nenaj in what would be his only appearance in a season that saw Bylis Ballsh get relegated from the Albanian Superliga.
Skënderbeu Korçë
On 24 June 2016, Idrizaj was presented as the new player of Skënderbeu Korçë; he joined on a three-year contract, taking squad number 28. His competitive debut began on 1 October in the championship matchday 5 in Skënderbeu's 3–0 route of against Vllaznia Shkodër. He opened his scoring account four days later in the returning leg of 2016–17 Albanian Cup first round against Butrinti Sarandë which was won a record 8–0. He spent the majority of his spell on bench, making only 11 appearances between league and cup, collecting 711 minutes in total as Skënderbeu finished runner-up in cup and failed to win the championship for the first time in six years. In June 2017, he terminated the contract with the club by mutual consent and become a free agent.
Kamza
On 30 July 2017, Idrizaj completed a transfer to newly promoted top flight side Kamza by penning a contract for the 2017–18 season. He made his competitive debut in the opening week of championship on 9 September versus Kukësi, and became a regular starter afterwards.
Career statistics
References
External links
1989 births
Living people
Footballers from Vlorë
Albanian men's footballers
Men's association football defenders
KF Bylis players
KF Teuta Durrës players
Flamurtari FC players
KF Skënderbeu Korçë players
FC Kamza players
FK Partizani Tirana players
Kategoria Superiore players
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41043516
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parkachik%20Glacier
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Parkachik Glacier
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Parachik Glacier is a mountain glacier in Kargil, Ladakh, India.
Parkachik Glacier, located at Parkachik, is a mass of ice moving slowly down the Nun-Kun slopes. This ice mass falls finally into the Suru River, providing views of the huge ice-fall.
Great slabs of ice periodically peel off the glacier's 300-foot high front wall. A suspension footbridge over the Suru River is there for the visitors to walk up to the glacier. Some mountaineers use this glacier to approach the difficult north face route to scale Mt Nun.
Camping areas are offered in the upper Suru Valley. Panikhar is a nearby place of attraction.
Parkachik can be approached from Kargil, which is 90 km north.
References
Geography of Ladakh
Kargil district
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41043541
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simon%20Reid%20Curtis%20House
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Simon Reid Curtis House
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Simon Reid Curtis House, now known as the Boxwood Inn, is a historic home located in the Lee Hall neighborhood of Newport News, Virginia. It was built in 1897, and is a large, -story, Colonial Revival style frame combined store, post office, and dwelling. The building consists of two separate structures attached to form a "T" shaped building with common architectural features. It was built by Simon Reid Curtis (1862–1949), a prominent businessman and land owner, who was an influential political leader in Warwick County, Virginia from the 1890s until his death in 1949. The Curtis family owned the house until 1996 when it was sold, renovated, and converted into a bed and breakfast.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.
References
Bed and breakfasts in Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Houses completed in 1897
Colonial Revival architecture in Virginia
Houses in Newport News, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Newport News, Virginia
1897 establishments in Virginia
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41043545
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sumer%20Passage
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Sumer Passage
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Sumer Passage (, ‘Protok Sumer’ \'pro-tok su-'mer\) is the 970 m wide passage in the Palmer Archipelago between Davis Island on the north and Albena Peninsula, Brabant Island on the south. It connects Bouquet Bay and Gerlache Strait, another connection between the two being Zlogosh Passage.
The passage is named after the settlement of Sumer in Northwestern Bulgaria.
Location
Sumer Passage is located at . British mapping in 1978.
Maps
British Antarctic Territory. Scale 1:200000 topographic map. DOS 610 Series, Sheet W 64 62. Directorate of Overseas Surveys, UK, 1980.
Antarctic Digital Database (ADD). Scale 1:250000 topographic map of Antarctica. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research (SCAR). Since 1993, regularly upgraded and updated.
References
Bulgarian Antarctic Gazetteer. Antarctic Place-names Commission. (details in Bulgarian, basic data in English)
Sumer Passage. SCAR Composite Antarctic Gazetteer.
External links
Sumer Passage. Copernix satellite image
Straits of the Palmer Archipelago
Bulgaria and the Antarctic
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41043552
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20Euro%20Hockey%20Tour
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2013–14 Euro Hockey Tour
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The 2013–14 Euro Hockey Tour is the 18th season of Euro Hockey Tour. It started on 29 August 2013 and will end on 4 May 2014. A total of 24 games will be played, with each team playing 12 games. The season consists of the Karjala Tournament, the Channel One Cup, the Oddset Hockey Games, and the Czech Hockey Games.
Total standings
GP: Games played; W: Wins; OTW: Overtime wins; OTL: Overtime losses; L: Losses in regulation time; GF: Goals forward; GA: Goals allowed; Pts: Points
Czech Hockey Games
The 2013 Czech Hockey Games was played between 29 August–1 September 2013, and was won by Finland. Five of the matches were played in Pardubice, Czech Republic and one in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
Karjala Tournament
The 2013 Karjala Tournament was played between 7–10 November 2013, and was won by Finland. Five of the matches were played in Helsinki, Finland, and one match in Gävle, Sweden.
Channel One Cup
The 2013 Channel One Cup was played between 19–22 December 2013, and was won by Czech Republic. Five of the matches were played in Sochi, Russia, and one match in Prague, Czech Republic.
Oddset Hockey Games
The 2014 Oddset Hockey Games was played between 1–4 May 2014, and was won by Finland. Five of the matches were played in Stockholm, Sweden, and one match in Helsinki, Finland.
Statistics
Scoring leaders
List shows the top skaters sorted by points, then goals. If the list exceeds 10 skaters because of a tie in points, all of the tied skaters are shown.
GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties in minutes; POS = Position positions: F = Forward; RW = Right winger; LW = Left winger; C = Centre; D = DefencemanSource:
Leading goaltenders
Only the top five goaltenders, based on save percentage, who have played 40% of their team's minutes, are included in this list.
TOI = Time on ice (minutes:seconds); SA = Shots against; GA = Goals against; GAA = Goals against average; Sv% = Save percentage; SO = Shutouts
Source: [Source]
Updated: (UTC)
Rosters
These tables shows all skaters and goaltenders who have at least one game in the 2013–14 Euro Hockey Tour. The tables show how many games they played, how many points they've scored, and their penalties in minutes.
POS = Position; GP = Games played; G = Goals; A = Assists; Pts = Points; PIM = Penalties In Minutes
Source: [source link]
Updated: (UTC)
Czech Republic
Finland
Russia
Sweden
References
Euro Hockey Tour
2013–14 in European ice hockey
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41043554
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visa%20requirements%20for%20Mon%C3%A9gasque%20citizens
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Visa requirements for Monégasque citizens
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Visa requirements for Monégasque citizens are administrative entry restrictions by the authorities of other states placed on citizens of Monaco. As of March 2023, Monégasque citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 175 countries and territories, ranking the Monégasque passport 15th overall (tied with Bulgaria, Chile, and Croatia) in terms of travel freedom according to the Henley Passport Index, making it the highest ranking passport of any European country not belonging to either the European Union or EFTA.
Visa requirements map
Visa requirements
Dependent, disputed, or restricted territories
Visa requirements for Monégasque citizens for visits to various territories, disputed areas, partially recognized countries and restricted zones:
Vaccination
Many African countries, including Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Republic of the Congo, Côte d'Ivoire, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Zambia require all incoming passengers to have a current International Certificate of Vaccination. Some other countries require vaccination only if the passenger is coming from an infected area.
Passport validity
Many countries require passport validity of no less than 6 months and one or two blank pages.
See also
Visa policy of Monaco
Visa policy of the Schengen Area
Monégasque passport
Foreign relations of Monaco
References
Notes
Monaco
Foreign relations of Monaco
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41043556
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s%20Stanovnik
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Andrés Stanovnik
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Andrés Stanovnik OFMCap (December 15, 1949) is a prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He served as bishop of Reconquista from 2001 until 2007, when he became archbishop of Corrientes.
Life
Born in Buenos Aires, Stanovnik became a member of the Order of Friars Minor Capuchin on July 16, 1978. He was ordained to the priesthood on September 2, 1978.
On October 30, 2001, he was appointed bishop of Reconquista. Stanovnik received his episcopal consecration on the following December 16 from Jorge Mario Bergoglio, archbishop of Buenos Aires, the future Pope Francis, with bishop of Posadas, Juan Rubén Martinez, bishop emeritus of San Luis, Juan Rodolfo Laise, nuncio for Argentina, archbishop Santos Abril y Castelló, and bishop of Venado Tuerto, Gustavo Arturo Help, serving as co-consecrators.
On September 27, 2007, he was appointed archbishop of Corrientes.
External links
catholic-hierarchy.org, Bishop Andrés Stanovnik
1949 births
21st-century Roman Catholic archbishops in Argentina
Living people
Capuchins
Argentine people of Slovenian descent
Roman Catholic archbishops of Corrientes
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41043572
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20AIK%20Fotboll%20season
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2014 AIK Fotboll season
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The 2014 season was AIK's 123rd in existence, their 86th season in Allsvenskan and their 9th consecutive season in the league. The team competed in the Allsvenskan and UEFA Europa League.
Season events
Prior to the start of the season, AIK announced the signings of Panajotis Dimitriadis and Niclas Eliasson to four-year contracts and Eero Markkanen to a three-year contract. Whilst both Daniel Gustavsson and Alhassan Kamara left to join Örebro.
On 6 January, Daniel Majstorović left AIK after his contract was terminated by mutual consent.
On 13 January, AIK announced that Christian Kouakou had let the club to sign for IF Brommapojkarna.
On 16 January, AIK announced the return of Kenny Pavey on a two-year contract from Öster.
On 28 January, AIK announced the return of Teteh Bangura on loan until August 2014, from Bursaspor.
On 17 February, AIK announced that Niklas Backman had been sold to Dalian Aerbin.
On 18 July, AIK announced that Robin Quaison had left the club to join Palermo.
On 23 July, AIK announced that Eero Markkanen had left the club to join Real Madrid.
On 25 July, AIK announced the signing of Sauli Väisänen from Honka.
On 6 August, AIK announced that Teteh Bangura would leave the club at the end of his loan spell on 31 August.
On 11 August, AIK announced the loan signing of Gabriel Ferreyra from Boca Juniors, until 31 December 2015.
Squad
Transfers
In
Loans in
Out
Released
Friendlies
Competitions
Overview
Allsvenskan
League table
Results summary
Results by round
Results
Svenska Cupen
The Group Stage took place during the 2015 season.
UEFA Europa League
Qualifying rounds
Squad statistics
Appearances and goals
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|colspan="16"|Players away on loan:
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|colspan="16"|Players who appeared for AIK but left during the season:
|}
Goal scorers
Clean sheets
Disciplinary record
References
AIK Fotboll seasons
AIK Fotboll season
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41043576
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National%20Center%20on%20Disability%20and%20Journalism
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National Center on Disability and Journalism
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The National Center on Disability and Journalism (NCDJ) provides resources and support to journalists and communications professionals covering disability issues. The center is headquartered at the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Arizona State University.
History
The center was founded in 1998 as the Disability Media Project to raise awareness of how people with disabilities are undercovered in the news. Freelance photographer Suzanne Levine established the Disability Media Project in San Francisco to serve as a bridge between the media and disability communities. An advisory board of journalists, educators and disability activists helped develop resources for working journalists and for schools of journalism and mass communication to integrate coverage of people with disabilities into their curricula. In 2000, the organization's name was changed to the National Center on Disability and Journalism to reflect its journalistic mission. The center was housed in the humanities building at San Francisco State University and for a short time in an office on Market Street in San Francisco. After moving to Boston in 2004, the NCDJ pursued an affiliation with a university journalism program.
In 2008, the center was moved to the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Arizona State University in downtown Phoenix.
Focus
The focus of the NCDJ is to provide support, resources and guidance to reporters who cover disabilities as a beat as well as those who occasionally report on people with disabilities. Although one in four people in the U.S. live with some form of disability, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, they are underrepresented in the mainstream media and coverage that does exist is too often inaccurate or incomplete. On the center's website, there is a newsfeed of the latest stories covering disability issues as well as various resources, including an oft-cited disability style guide explaining appropriate language and terms when describing disabilities and an interview tip sheet with best practices for reporters.
The NCDJ does not advocate a particular point of view; rather it focuses on the journalistic principles of accuracy, fairness and diversity in news coverage.
Advisory board
The NCDJ Advisory Board is made up of professional journalists and educators who help chart the course of the center and provide support and advice. Many of them also conduct training and give talks on disability issues.
Andrew Becker: Becker is news director for KUER, the NPR-affiliated public radio station in Utah. He received his master's degree in journalism from UC Berkeley. Becker lives in Salt Lake City with his wife and children, the oldest of whom has cerebral palsy.
Steve Doig: Before joining Arizona State University as the Knight Chair in Journalism, Doig worked for 20 years as an investigative reporter and editor at The Miami Herald.
Beth Haller: Haller is a professor of journalism/new media at Towson University in Maryland. Her research is focused on how people with disabilities are reflected in the media. She also blogs at "Media dis&dat" on disability issues in the news.
Becky Kekula: Kekula serves as the Disability Equality Index Director at Disability:IN, where she's responsible for managing the diversity, equity and inclusion programs. She also serves as the Little People of America Employment Chair.
Jennifer LaFleur: LaFleur is data journalist in residence and data editor for The Investigative Reporting Workshop at American University. Previously, she was a senior editor at Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting and director of computer-assisted reporting at ProPublica.
Susan LoTempio: LoTempio worked for The Buffalo News for 25 years, in various editing roles. She has written and lectured on how media cover disability issues and why they need to report beyond the stereotypes of disability.
Wendy Lu: Lu is a senior staff editor at The New York Times and a reporter covering the intersection of disability, politics and culture. She has spoken around the globe on disability representation in the media. In December 2021, she was recognized as one of the Forbes "30 Under 30" in part for her work "on the disabilities beat."
Cara Reedy: Reedy is program manager for Disability Rights Education and Defense Fund's (DREDF) Disability Media Alliance Project. A former CNN producer and writer, she is a journalist, actor and photographer.
Amy Silverman: Silverman is an independent journalist based in Tempe, Arizona. Her focus is social justice with the goal of better covering people with intellectual disabilities by merging personal narrative and storytelling with investigative and explanatory reporting, as well as focusing on the development of plain language translations and other ways of making journalism more accessible.
Awards
The Katherine Schneider Journalism Award for Excellence in Reporting on Disability was created in 2012 as the first national journalism award devoted exclusively to disability coverage. It is administered by the National Center on Disability and Journalism through a grant from Schneider, a retired clinical psychologist who also supports the Schneider Family Book Award. Entries from print, broadcast and online outlets are accepted and judged based on how they go beyond the ordinary in covering the experiences of people with disabilities and how well they highlight strategies for overcoming challenges. Cash prizes are awarded each year. See the most recent updates on the NCDJ website.
New York Times Partnership
In 2021, the NCDJ and The New York Times announced a partnership to establish a fellowship at The Times for early career journalists covering disability issues.The NCDJ provides mentorship for the fellow and training for the newsroom.
See also
Disability in the media
References
External links
Official National Center on Disability and Journalism
Official NCDJ Twitter account
Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication
Disability organizations based in the United States
American journalism organizations
Arizona State University
Disability mass media
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41043577
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FC%20Ponsacco%201920%20SSD
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FC Ponsacco 1920 SSD
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Federazione Calcistica Ponsacco 1920 S.S.D. or simply Ponsacco is an Italian association football club, based in Ponsacco, Tuscany. It currently plays in Serie D, Group E.
History
In the summer 2011, after the transfer of A.S.D. Mobilieri Ponsacco Calcio to Santa Croce sull'Arno, the club was refounded as F.C. Ponsacco 1920 S.S.D. restarting from Terza Categoria Pisa and in 2013 it was promoted to Prima Categoria Toscana. From 2011 to 2013 it obtained two records, not losing for 67 consecutive games and winning all 30 games of the 2012–13 season in Seconda Categoria Tuscany.
The team played in Eccellenza Tuscany in the 2013–14 season, after buying Eccellenza's club Pisa Sporting Club A.S.D. sports title, when it was promoted to Serie D.
Colors and badge
The team's color are red and blue
References
External links
Official website
Football clubs in Tuscany
Association football clubs established in 2011
2011 establishments in Italy
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41043602
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakf%C4%B1kebir%20bread
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Vakfıkebir bread
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Vakfıkebir bread, produced in Vakfıkebir, as well as in Maçka – Hamsiköy, ranges from 0.45 to 7.5 kilograms in weight. It is known nearly everywhere in Turkey as “Vakfıkebir” or “Trabzon” bread. In addition to Trabzon, it is especially produced in small towns along major highways. It is baked in a wood-fired stone oven, and is leavened with natural sourdough. Vakfıkebir bread is flavorful, has a long shelf life, and does not mold easily. When it goes stale it is still good. During recent years, companies producing Vakfıkebir bread have opened in large cities such as Istanbul and Ankara. As it's cooked in stone ovens, it is also known as “Stone oven” (Taşfırın) bread. In some areas it is mistakenly called “wood bread” (odun ekmeği); what is meant is that the oven is wood-fired. A “Vakfıkebir Bread Festival” is held each year for the purpose of promoting this bread domestically and abroad.
References
Kotancilar, H. Gürbüz; (Et al.) (2009). "Crumb pasting and staling properties of white and traditional Vakfıkebir breads" . Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Atatürk University. pp. 435–443.
Turkish breads
Trabzon
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41043613
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pakistan%E2%80%93Somalia%20relations
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Pakistan–Somalia relations
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Pakistan–Somalia relations are the bilateral relations between Pakistan and Somalia. Both Organisation of Islamic Cooperation members, the two countries have historically maintained strong relations. Somalia also has an embassy in Islamabad.
History
Relations between the modern-day territories of Pakistan and Somalia stretch back to antiquity. The 1st century CE Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, among other documents, reports early commercial exchanges between traders inhabiting the various Somali city-states and merchants from South Asia, across the Arabian Sea. Numerous artefacts dating from this period have been uncovered in Somalia. During the 7th and 8th centuries, parts of Pakistan and Somalia came under the influence of the Umayyad and Abbasid Muslim caliphates. The expansion of the British Empire in the 19th century led to parts of modern Pakistan coming under the British Raj, while the Somaliland region became a protectorate under British Somaliland.
Diplomatic relations between the two countries post-independence were officially established on 18 December 1960, shortly after the formation of the Somali Republic. In 1969, Pakistan and Somalia were among the founding members of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). Somalia's relations with Pakistan remained strong in the following years and through the ensuing civil war period, when the Pakistani military contributed to a UN peacekeeping operation in southern Somalia. In 2010, Pakistan tabled a proposal for United Nations Security Council seats for OIC and Arab League states, the latter of which Somalia is also a member.
The Federal Government of Somalia was later established on August 20, 2012, representing the first permanent central government in the country since the start of the conflict. The development was welcomed by the Pakistani authorities, who re-affirmed Pakistan's continued support for Somalia's government, its territorial integrity and sovereignty, as outlined in the Islamabad Declaration adopted by the Islamic Conference of Foreign Ministers (ICFM).
Defence cooperation
During the Somali civil war in the 1990s, up to 5,700 Pakistani troops were deployed for UN peacekeeping. On 5 June 1993, a Pakistani task force was attacked while, as part of the expanded UN mandate, it was investigating an arms cache belonging to a Somali warlord vying for the Presidency, Mohamed Farrah Aidid; the attack, believed to have been launched by pro-Aidad militia, inflicted 24 casualties and led to Resolution 837, reaffirming the UN's commitment to peacekeeping and action against the rebels involved. Pakistan also became a member of the United Nations Contact Group on Piracy off the Coast of Somalia.
Due to a major increase in security and stability within Somalia and a major rebuilding effort around the armed forces and police already underway, the Somali Air Force and Pakistan Air Force's staff have signed training agreements in 2020 to educate and train Somalia's airmen, pilots and officers to enhance and strengthen the already large remilitarization campaign of Somalia within recent years.
Trade
Pakistan and Somalia are active commercial partners, trading a variety of commodities. In 2008–2009, Somalia exported $34,822.059 million USD worth of goods to Pakistan, with Pakistan in return exporting $17,781.883 million USD worth of goods to Somalia. Somalia's main export commodities to Pakistan centered on the country's livestock sector, and in 2009 included $3.190 million in raw hides and skins, $1.044 million in raw sheep and lamb skins, $0.137 million in sheep/lamb skin leather, $0.225 million in raw hides and skins of bovine/equine animals, and $0.033 million in leather of bovine/equine animals. Pakistan's exports to Somalia during the same year included $53.254 million in rice, $0.627 million in medicament mixtures, $10.400 million in non-cocoa sugar confectionery, and $0.20 million in shawls, scarves, mufflers, mantillas and similar garments.
Following a meeting between representatives of Somalia's Trade Ministry and the Islamabad Chamber of Commerce and Industry, the two countries agreed to enhance their commercial relations, particularly in the agriculture, food products, livestock, fish farming, textiles, pharmaceutical products, leather products, hides and cement sectors. Most of the trade between Somalia and Pakistan had hitherto been conducted through Dubai, so the Somali authorities sought to establish direct trade links with Pakistan. According to Somalia's former Trade Minister Abdi Rashid Mohamed Abdi, Somalia wanted to purchase products that it had been importing from elsewhere directly from Pakistan. He also highlighted Somalia's commercial potential given its strategic location and its position as a gateway to African markets, and suggested that Pakistan could capture large parts of Somalia's markets were it to supply quality products at competitive prices.
Immigration
As of late 2012, there is a small community of around 2,500 Somalis in Pakistan. Most are international students, with a few secondary migrants also present. Additionally, there was a very small community of Pakistanis in Somalia. They were mainly involved in retail business in urban areas.
Diplomatic missions
Somalia maintains an embassy in Islamabad which was established in 1976. The diplomatic mission is led by Ambassador Khadija Mohamed Almakhzoumi. H.E. Mrs. Khadija Mohamed Almakhzoumi, Ambassador of the Federal Republic of Somalia to Pakistan, Presented her credentials to H.E. Mr. Mamnoon Hussain, President of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan, on July 14, 2016. Before her arrival to Pakistan, Ambassador Khadija was a counselor in Somali Embassy Malaysia from February 2011 to June 2011 and senior political Advisor to Minister of Foreign Affairs Somalia from September 2011 to January 2013. She served as the Somali Ambassador to Iraq from February 2013 to April 2016. Ambassador Khadija earned post graduate degree in International Relations from Middlesex University, London UK. It also has an honorary consulate in Karachi. Pakistan previously had an embassy in Mogadishu, which was established in 1973.
See also
Foreign relations of Pakistan
Foreign relations of Somalia
References
External links
Embassy of the Federal Republic of Somalia in Pakistan
Somalia
Bilateral relations of Somalia
Somalia
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41043614
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RadioContraband
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RadioContraband
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RadioContraband is a Spokane, Washington-based radio promotion company founded by Steven Walker, Jacob Bunton, and Beatrix Danko. It is a privately held corporation. It also operates the sister company Alternative Contraband.
RadioContraband is a micro social media company that is format specific to the Active rock community. The company's website features industry and artist profiles, music news, radio charts, and new music.
Due to a conflict within the partnership, RadioContraband was dissolved in August 2017.
Awards
The company operates the annual RadioContraband Rock Radio Convention as well as the Rock Radio Awards. The convention first took place in September 2012 at the Mandalay Bay Resort and Casino in Las Vegas with artist showcases taking place at the House of Blues and more recently at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino with artist showcases taking place at the music venue, Vinyl, and Hard Rock Live on the Las Vegas Strip. The convention features industry panels, artist showcases, and the rock radio awards. Past winners of the RadioContraband Rock Radio Awards include the Foo Fighters; Five Finger Death Punch; Avenged Sevenfold; Metallica; Disturbed; Pop Evil for their song "Trenches"; WMMR/Philadelphia; WJJO/Madison; WZOR/Appleton; WRIF/Detroit; WOZZ/ Wausau, Wisconsin; Mark Abramson/ Roadrunner Records; and Jackie Kajzer/ Eleven Seven Records. Winners in 2014 include the Pretty Reckless, Nothing More and KEYJ/Abilene. Winners in 2015 include Muse, Bring Me the Horizon, SiriusXM/Octane, KTHQ/Spokane, Roxy Myzal/ Harddrive, Ryan Castle/ KISW, Heather Luke/ Warner Brothers Records and Lou Brutus/ Harddrive.
RadioContraband alumni includes the Offspring, David Draiman from Disturbed, Sixx:A.M., Black Veil Brides, Trivum, Hoobastank, Royal Bliss, Thousand Foot Crutch, Killswitch Engage, Incubus and Alter Bridge.
Sixx:A.M. debuted their 2016 hit, "Rise", at the RadioContraband Rock Radio Convention at the Hard Rock Hotel and Casino.
References
External links
Official website
American independent record labels
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41043615
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20A.%20Fields%20House
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James A. Fields House
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James A. Fields House is a historic home located in the Brookville Heights neighborhood in the East End of Newport News, Virginia. It was built in 1897, and is a two-story, Italianate style red brick dwelling on a raised basement. It features an entrance tower with a low pitched hipped roof and two ten-foot tall two-over-two windows on the first floor. It was built by the prominent African-American lawyer and politician James A. Fields (1844–1903) and served as the location of the first black hospital in the city, which later became the Whittaker Memorial Hospital.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.
References
External links
James A. Field House – blog site
African-American history of Virginia
Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in Virginia
Houses completed in 1897
Italianate architecture in Virginia
Houses in Newport News, Virginia
National Register of Historic Places in Newport News, Virginia
Historic house museums in Virginia
Museums in Newport News, Virginia
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41043622
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Say%20Something%20%28A%20Great%20Big%20World%20song%29
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Say Something (A Great Big World song)
|
"Say Something" is a song by American pop duo A Great Big World from their debut album, Is There Anybody Out There? (2013). Written by the duo members—Ian Axel and Chad King—alongside Mike Campbell, the song was originally recorded by Axel for his solo album This Is the New Year (2011). It was later released as a single by the duo on September 3, 2013, by Epic Records. Following its usage on American reality TV show So You Think You Can Dance, the track gained attention from singer Christina Aguilera, who wanted to collaborate with A Great Big World on the song. Soon afterwards, a re-recorded version of "Say Something" with Aguilera was released on November 4, 2013.
"Say Something" is a slow-tempo piano ballad that talks about a breakup, where the lover is implored to say something because the singer is giving up on them, with the singers expressing humility, sadness, and regret. In the single version with Aguilera, she plays a ghost of the lover to whom the song is addressed as she traces the steps of the lead vocal. The song was praised by music critics for its powerful lyrics, the emotional composition and Aguilera's vocal delivery. At the 57th Annual Grammy Awards, the song earned A Great Big World and Aguilera a Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance.
"Say Something" did not sell significantly well until the version with Aguilera was available. It debuted at number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart after A Great Big World and Aguilera performed the song on The Voice. It eventually peaked at number four and has since sold over six million copies in the United States. It also topped the singles charts in Australia, the Flanders region of Belgium, and Canada. A music video was released on November 19, 2013, featuring the trio singing as people "act out the heartbreaking lyrics." To further promote "Say Something", A Great Big World and Aguilera performed the track at the American Music Awards of 2013. Numerous covers of the song were released, including those by Luke Evans and Nicole Kidman, and Tiësto.
Background and release
"Say Something" was originally released on February 8, 2011, on band member Ian Axel's solo album This Is the New Year with the song featuring harmonies by guest vocalist Jenny Owen Youngs, but the track went largely unnoticed until it received attention after being used on the TV series So You Think You Can Dance on season 10's semi final episode contemporary dance routine by the eventual champion Amy Yakima. This sparked a chain reaction that eventually made its way to Christina Aguilera. "'Say Something' was danced to on So You Think You Can Dance almost two months ago, and so many people responded to it," Axel tells Billboard. "In that whole process, someone on our team played it for someone on Christina's team, and we got a call that Christina wanted to record it, and then, literally a week later, we were in L.A. recording it with her." The pair considers Aguilera as having "one of the top voices in the world," says Chad King, and re-recorded "Say Something" with her in two hours. "We look at Christina as this icon who can say anything and make it sound amazing," says King.
About approaching the duo to re-record the track, Aguilera said, "Somebody sent me the song (...) and it's just the most simplest song that doesn't have to fit a formula to be heard and to be appreciated, so I just heard it and I've never done anything like this before and I was just like, 'You know', I just started to hear a harmony part over it and I was like, 'get in touch with these guys and see if they wanna get in the studio and sit behind the piano and just vibe together and see what happens...' and we did, and they're so humble, so sweet, so down to earth, and I'm all about that and supporting that, and we came together so organically and it was fun." Aguilera also added, "It's so quiet and still and steady and in a way pleading," she describes the song. "I'm only taking on projects that feel good to me and represent, as always, a purpose of the here and now in my life."
Composition and lyrics
"Say Something" was written by Ian Axel, Chad King, and Mike Campbell while production was handled by Dan Romer. Sonically, the piano ballad is underlined by a piano and string arrangement, which was performed by Los Angeles string players Mark Robertson, Andrew Duckles, and Vanessa Freebairn-Smith. The lyrics evoke the emotion felt when choosing to leave a failed relationship even though love still remains, imploring the lover say something because the singer is giving up on them.
For Bill Lamb of About.com, the chorus "Say something, I'm giving up on you", "is brilliant." Lamb also explained the song, writing that, "instead of being filled with anger and desperation, it is a song expressing a powerful combination of humility, sadness and regret." The song was written at a time when both members were experiencing individual heartbreak. "Writing the song was part of the healing process," says Axel. "Whenever we perform it, it's like revisiting the scar. It's always a part of me, and I can always go there and feel it." Lewis Corner of Digital Spy noted that with its "stripped-down melody and emotive lyrics", the song becomes the antithesis of the club-thumping blow-outs radio currently prefers."
The song is written in the key of D major.
Critical response
"Say Something" received universal acclaim from music critics, with significant acclaim going towards the emotional tone. Rick Florino of Artist Direct gave the song five out of five stars, calling it "Oscar-worthy", with "a cinematic heft to the track that makes it utterly vivid and vibrant." Florino also praised Aguilera's performance, calling it "one of her best ever, fortifying the hook and harmony masterfully." Writing for The New Orleans Advocate, Keith Spera opined that the song is "a forthright, unadorned break-up ballad". Lewis Corner of Digital Spy praised Aguilera for "reminding us why she always sounds infinitely better when heading up a ballad", calling it "a beautifully simplistic ode to heartache that evidently connects."
Robert Copsey also of Digital Spy called it "one of [Aguilera's] most understated outings in recent memory, and it's all the better for it." Jon O'Brien of Yahoo! Music noted that the song features Aguilera's "most restrained and indeed impressive vocal in years", calling the song " as emotive as it is theatrical." Melinda Newman of HitFix praised Aguilera for "show[ing] admirable restraint vocally, beautifully pairing with Axel's vocals." Sam Lansky of Idolator wrote that the song "was already pretty heartrending, but Aguilera's vocals provide some lovely support and additional pathos; it's a relief to hear that she enriches, rather than overwhelms, the track." Bradley Stern of MuuMuse praised the "slow, sad piano melody", the "mournful strings," calling it "a haunting production – made even better by the Stripped diva, proving once again that less is often more." Stern also praised Aguilera for showing a simple side of her voice, writing that she "doesn't even have her own verse or chorus – she resigns to delivering subtle, yet effective, backing vocals for the entirety of the re-recording. It's only in the song's final few moments that she allows her powerhouse pipes to blow in the background. And those whispers at the very end? 'Say something, I'm giving up on you...' Gulp."
Chart performance
United States
The original version of the song had sold only 52,000 downloads before the version with Christina Aguilera was released, according to Nielsen SoundScan. "Say Something" debuted at number 16 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, following the impact of the performance on The Voice, as the song started at number-one on Digital Songs with 189,000 sold, with the remix featuring Aguilera accounting for 86% of the song's overall download sales in the chart's tracking week. The song was also a success on the Canadian Hot 100, debuting at number 9 and peaking at number one.
After the performance on the AMAs, the song jumped to number 3 on the Digital Songs chart, with 197,000 copies. It also jumped from number 18 to number 10 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, becoming A Great Big World's first top-ten single and Aguilera's 11th top ten and second in 2013 (with the other being "Feel This Moment" at number eight), becoming the second time she achieved multiple top 10s in a single year, with the first being in 2000, when 'What a Girl Wants' (number-one for two weeks), 'I Turn To You' (number three) and 'Come On Over Baby (All I Want Is You)' (number-one for four weeks), all from her self-titled debut album, reached the top tier. The song is also Aguilera's first top 10 with lead billing since October 2008, when her single "Keeps Gettin' Better" debuted at its number seven peak.
"Say Something" also became Epic's first top-ten hit since 2008 with You Found Me by The Fray. "Say Something" peaked at number 4 on the chart in the sixth week of release, with 39 million radio plays and sales of 233,000 copies for the week. The following week, the song sold 355,000 downloads and climbed to number 14 on Radio Songs, although it fell to number five. In February 2014, the song reached the Radio Songs top 10, becoming the band's first top 10 and Aguilera's ninth, marking her first Radio Songs top 10 in a lead role since "Beautiful" in 2003. The song reached its 3 million sales mark in February 2014, and was certified triple platinum on March 5, 2014. In June of the same year, the single was certified 4× Platinum. As of December 2014, the song had sold about 4 million copies in the US. In May 2017 the single was certified 6× platinum in the United States for sales in excess of 6 million units.
Australia and Europe
In Australia, "Say Something" debuted at number 47 on the week of December 29, 2013. Later, it re-entered at number 45, on January 19, 2014. The song went to jump from number 50 to number 9, on the week of February 2, 2014, until it reached the top of the ARIA Charts on the week February 16, 2014. It became A Great Big World's first number-one single and Aguilera's third number-one single (the last being "Beautiful" in 2003). The song became Aguilera's 18th Top 10 single in Australia, her last entry was on the Pitbull song "Feel This Moment" which made it to number six in March 2013. In New Zealand, the single debuted at number 18, on December 16, 2013, while on February 10, 2014, the song reached a peak of number two; Aguilera's highest charting-single since her collaboration with Maroon 5 in "Moves Like Jagger" (2011), and her 14th top-five single.
In Europe, the song managed to become a huge success. In Austria, the song peaked at number four on the Austrian Singles Chart, while in Norway, the song peaked at number eight on the Norwegian Singles Chart and in Sweden, "Say Something" became a success, peaking at number four on the Swedish Singles Chart. In other countries, "Say Something" was a moderate success, where in Spain, it peaked at number 24, in Switzerland, the song reached a peak of number 31 and in France, the song is currently at number 29, as of March 1, 2014.
In the United Kingdom, "Say Something" debuted and peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart, becoming Aguilera's 24th Top 40 hit in Britain and A Great Big World's debut there.
Music video
A music video, directed by Christopher Sims, was already shot on November 8, 2013, with Aguilera posting a picture of her standing next to a piano, where the duo is playing the track, to her Twitter, Facebook and Instagram page. The music video, which was shot in Los Angeles, was released on November 19, 2013, exclusively on Entertainment Tonight, while VEVO premiered the video on November 20, 2013. The video features Aguilera in a simple black dress and natural make-up, reminiscent of her "Beautiful" days, according to MTV's Natasha Chandel. In the video, the trio perform the ballad as people — a child whose parents won't stop fighting, a young couple lying coldly side by side, an older man bidding his dying wife goodbye — act out the heartbreaking lyrics.
Reception
The video received widespread acclaim from critics. For Jason Lipshut of Billboard Magazine, "Aguilera and AGBW's Ian Axel look utterly sorrowful as they croon the break-up ballad together, with Axel carefully pounding away at the grand piano and Aguilera appearing on the verge of tears as the song reaches its climax. Meanwhile, various tear-inducing images accompany the majestic track, often in slow motion – most strikingly, an older man climbing into a hospital bed with his peaceful female counterpart and emitting a silent shout." Peter Gicas of E! Online praised Aguilera's emotion on the video, writing that she "serves up a certain subtleness to the clip, which is definitely appropriate given the tone of both the ballad and the video itself." Bradley Stern of MuuMuse agreed, writing that, "Armed with nothing else but a piano and an old bed frame by her side, the 'Lotus' legend bares her soul and gives you pure Stripped-era vulnerability, conjuring the simple-yet-effective one-take video for 'The Voice Within.' No over-the-top diva theatrics, no wigs — just raw emotion and a genuinely powerful performance."
John Walker of MTV Buzzworthy called the video "equal parts tragically beautiful and beautifully tragic. Like, hand us a bucket, because we are ugly-crying from our eyes, noses, mouths, ears, and at least 17 other places where tear ducts biologically shouldn't be located.” Mike Wass of Idolator also praised the video, writing that, "In keeping with the song's soft and subtle tone, the visual is understated and classy. It centers around a bed and the universality of its occupants' grief. Interspersed with those scenes is footage of the New York-based duo at the piano and Xtina looking utterly perfect in a sleek black dress. Grab a tissue and watch the emotional clip up top." Natasha Chandel of MTV praised "a rare moment, when Xtina breaks down on camera as the hook, 'Say something, I'm giving up on you' crescendos, exposing a tender side to the singer that we haven't seen since her album Stripped.
Live performances
On November 5, 2013, on the 14th episode from the fifth season of The Voice, Christina Aguilera (one of the competition's coaches) performed "Say Something" with A Great Big World. The performance consisted of a piano, some strings and a keyboard for instrumentation, while Aguilera "reining in her voice's natural power", according to Billboards Jason Lipshutz. The performance was lauded by critics and other artists, such as OneRepublic, Christina Perri, Ingrid Michaelson, Cee Lo Green and Carson Daly. Caila Ball of Idolator wrote that, "She was legendary, obviously." Michelle Stark of Tampa Bay Times wrote the performance "gives us all of the goosebumps." Douglas Cobb of Las Vegas Guardian Express called it "a very emotional, low-key, cool performance. It was a very tender, touching song — Christina did great, as usual, singing it." Bradley Stern of MuuMuse called the performance "perfect", writing that, "Christina keeps it as stripped as the studio version, allowing her naturally beautiful vocals to sound a whole lot more vulnerable than usual. The result? One powerful, devastating performance – you'll be seeing your reflejo in the tears streaming down your face in no time."
A Great Big World and Aguilera also performed the song at the 2013 American Music Awards on November 24, 2013. With her hair in a braid and wearing a muted black dress, Aguilera sang an original verse midway through the performance, which included a string section and a fairly bare stage. With A Great Big World's Chad King manning the keyboard, the group's Ian Axel sat at the grand piano and stamped his feet furiously as 'Say Something' approached its emotional climax," according to Billboards Jason Lipshutz. Lindsay Dreyer of Wetpaint wrote that "Taking her rightful place center stage in a floor-length black dress and braided updo, the 32-year-old pop diva harmonized perfectly with the group's lead singer Ian Axel, who worked the piano with passion and poise. Xtina's rich yet breathy tone offered just the right amount of strength and vulnerability — a side of Christina we haven't seen in a really long time." Dreyer finished the review stating, "If tonight's AMA performance is any indication, Christina is on the brink of a major music comeback — and we can't wait!." The band also performed the song at the 2013 Victoria's Secret Fashion Show on December 10, 2013. However, Aguilera did not perform the song with them as a duet, due to scheduling conflicts of The Voice. Aguilera also performed the song in Malaysia in a private concert without the band on March 28. The duo and Aguilera also performed the song during the New Orleans Jazz Festival. She gave a one-and-a-half-hour-long show and then invited the band to perform the song in front of a large crowd on May 2, 2014. The band (sans Aguilera) sang the song on the September 6 episode of Last Week Tonight in a duet with comedian John Oliver to mourn the loss of the Russian space geckos.
The song was performed live on the premiere episode of Late Night with Seth Meyers on February 24, 2014. In July 2021, Aguilera performed "Say Something" for two nights at the Hollywood Bowl with Gustavo Dudamel and the Los Angeles Philharmonic.
Cover versions
Tiësto version
Dutch disc jockey and producer Tiësto included a cover version of "Say Something" as bonus track from a special version of his 2014 album A Town Called Paradise. The vocals are provided by Canadian singer Emily Rowed. The song was released as a single on 25 August 2014 only in the United States.
Track listing
Digital Download (US)
"Say Something" - 3:22
Charts
Other versions
American pop duo Alex & Sierra performed the song twice on third season of The X Factor (U.S.), where they were contestants and eventually won the show. During the sixth week, the duo performed the song for the first time, with Sierra on the piano and Alex on guitar. The performance was praised by the judges, with Kelly Rowland, one of them, feeling like she was watching an awards show performance. Catriona Wightman of Digital Spy called it "pretty simple, but showed how genuinely talented they are." The cover version of the song surpassed A Great Big World and Aguilera's version on iTunes, climbing to number 1 the morning after they sang it onstage. Series creator and head judge Simon Cowell, who mentored the group, claimed that the duo success is proof that the show is still capable of turning small-town kids into bankable stars. The duo performed the song once again on the finale of the show, eventually winning the competition.
American progressive metal band Redemption includes their own cover version of the song on the vinyl version of their album The Art of Loss. On January 19, 2014, The Voice of the Philippines coaches Sarah Geronimo and Bamboo performed their own rendition of the song on ABS-CBN's Sunday variety show ASAP 19. Right after the performance, the hashtag 'SaySomethingAshBoo' trended on Twitter. Joe Brooks and Tammin Sursok released a pop rock version of the song on March 29, 2014, as a single. The song was released under Independent record label Fantastik Music and was distributed by TuneCore. Jackie Evancho and Cheyenne Jackson performed the song on August 21, 2014, at Longwood Gardens, as part of the recording of the PBS special "Jackie Evancho: Awakening – Live in Concert" supporting Evancho's "Awakening" album and tour.
Collabro, the winners of the 2014 edition of Britain's Got Talent, performed the song at the Royal Variety Performance on December 8, 2014. Polish singer Łukasz Tokarski covered the song in 2017, and Johnny Mathis also covered "Say Something" for his 2017 album Johnny Mathis Sings the Great New American Songbook. KZ Tandingan was the fourth person to perform such song on Singer 2018 where she ranked fourth on Episode 7. Pentatonix covered the song on their 2014 studio album PTX, Vols. 1 & 2, reaching No. 89 on the Canadian Hot 100.
Kelly Clarkson covered the song in her own talk show on August 13, 2020.
On the first episode of the fourth season of The Masked Singer, Clint Black and Lisa Hartman Black, covered the song, "Say Something", on September 23, 2020. They performed masked as the Snow Owls.
Luke Evans covered the song for his second studio album A Song for You. It was recorded as a duet with Nicole Kidman and released as a single in October 2022.
In other media
The original version of the song is featured in NCIS, in the episode number 291 (season 13, episode 9) titled "Day in Court".
The instrumental version and first version of the song appears in the series finale episode of Suburgatory ("Stiiiiiiill Horny").
The song is featured in the movie Perdona Si Te Llamo Amor, released on June 19, 2014.
The song is heard in the first theatrical trailer for the film adaptation of Gayle Forman's novel, If I Stay.
The song was used in the season 5 finale of Rookie Blue, a Canadian television police drama.
The song is heard in the episode 4 of season one of Red Band Society.
The original version of the song, without Christina Aguilera, is used in a season 19 episode of South Park; the episode was entitled "Tweek x Craig".
The song is featured in a trailer for the movie The 33.
The original version of the song is featured at the end of episode 4, titled "Secrets and Lies", from season 8 of Heartland.
The song is featured at the end of the season five finale of Republic of Doyle ("Buried").
The song was featured in the Chinese drama Meteor Garden 2018.
The instrumental version of the song was featured in Google's 2020 Super Bowl commercial titled "Loretta".
The song is featured in episode 3 ("Zoey's Extraordinary Dreams"), season 2 of Zoey's Extraordinary Playlist, sung by Max (Skylar Astin).
The instrumental version of the song was used on 1 April 2014 in Hollyoaks, a British Soap Opera.
The original version appears in the 2015 Polish film 'Listy Do M 2' (Letters to Santa 2).
Track listing and formats
Solo version digital download
"Say Something" – 3:53
Duet version digital download
"Say Something" – 3:53
Charts
Weekly charts
Year-end charts
Certifications
Release history
See also
"Fall on Me" (2019), another A Great Big World's collaboration with Christina Aguilera
List of number-one dance singles of 2014 (U.S.)
List of Billboard Hot 100 top 10 singles in 2013
List of Billboard Hot 100 top 10 singles in 2014
References
External links
2011 songs
2013 singles
A Great Big World songs
Christina Aguilera songs
Epic Records singles
Casablanca Records singles
Republic Records singles
Universal Music Group singles
Canadian Hot 100 number-one singles
Number-one singles in Australia
Ultratop 50 Singles (Flanders) number-one singles
Grammy Award for Best Pop Duo/Group Performance
Pop ballads
2010s ballads
Sony Music singles
Pentatonix songs
Male vocal duets
Tiësto songs
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaaka%20Muttai
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Kaaka Muttai
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Kaaka Muttai (released internationally as The Crow's Egg) is a 2015 Indian Tamil-language comedy drama film written, directed and filmed by M. Manikandan, in his directorial debut. Jointly produced by Dhanush's Wunderbar Films, Vetrimaaran's Grass Root Film Company and distributed by Fox Star Studios, it stars newcomers Vignesh and Ramesh, alongside Aishwarya Rajesh, Ramesh Thilak, Yogi Babu in supporting roles and Silambarasan in a cameo appearance. The film's storyline revolves around two slum children of Chennai, whose desire is to taste a pizza.
Vetrimaaran approached Manikandan in a film festival, after he saw one of his short films being screened. When asked by Vetrimaaran to develop a script, Manikandan wrote a storyline based on slum children and also inspired incidents from his life. Then the team cast real children living in the slum, in order to have a realistic approach. Following an official announcement in mid-January 2013, the film began production in that May. It was shot in real slums and streets across Chennai within 61 working days. The film explores the themes of class-based discrimination, consumerism and media sensationalism. The film's soundtrack and score is composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar and editing was done by Kishore Te.
The film had its world premiere on 5 September 2014 at the 39th Toronto International Film Festival, and was further screened at many other film festival circuits before its worldwide theatrical release on 5 June 2015. It opened to widespread critical acclaim praising the performances of the cast members, storyline, screenplay, direction and other major technical aspects. In addition to the critical and audience response, the film further achieved commercial success at the box-office. Kaaka Muttai was occasionally listed at the "Best Tamil Films of 2015". It was further considered one of the "25 Greatest Tamil Films of the Decade" by Film Companion; the same website ranked the actors Vignesh and Ramesh's and Aishwarya Rajesh's performance as two of the "100 Greatest Performances of the Decade". The film is remade in Marathi as Half Ticket (2016).
Kaaka Muttai won the National Award for Best Children's Film and Best Child Artist, for the actors Ramesh and Vignesh, at the 62nd National Film Awards. It was the strong contender to be shortlisted for the Indian submissions for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film but lost to the Marathi-language film Court (2015). At the 63rd Filmfare Awards South, the film won the Filmfare Award for Best Film, out of its four nominations in the Tamil branch. M. Manikandan received an award for Best Debut Director at the 5th South Indian International Movie Awards, where it was nominated in other four categories. The film also won six Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, six Ananda Vikatan Cinema Awards, two Norway Tamil Film Festival Awards and an Edison Awards. In July 2017, the Tamil Nadu government announced State Film Awards for films released during the 2009–2014 period in which Kaaka Muttai won three awards: Best Actress (Aishwarya Rajesh), Best Child Artist (Vignesh and Ramesh) and a Special Prize for Best Film.
Plot
In a tiny concrete-and-tin Chennai home in the slums live two young brothers with their mother and grandmother. With the boys' father in prison for unknown reasons and with an ageing mother-in-law, the mother does her best to keep the kitchen fires burning. The brothers spend their time playing games and stealing and devouring eggs from crows' nests. Their love for these eggs leads them to start calling themselves 'Periya Kaaka Muttai' (Big Crow Egg) and 'Chinna Kaaka Muttai' (Small Crow Egg).
The young boys constantly beg their mother and grandmother for toys they cannot afford and later for a television. They don't yet understand that the two women can't give them everything they want. When their mother and grandmother finally do bring home a television, a gift from the government to ration card holders who live below the poverty line, it's like the opening of a portal. The boys see a pizza commercial on TV whose steaming, slow-motion images make the unfamiliar food look like manna from heaven. Meanwhile, a brand new pizzeria comes up in the neighbourhood, and actor Silambarasan alias Simbu comes to its opening. Remembering the looks of enjoyment on Simbu's face when he tasted a pizza at the pizzeria, the boys thereafter think of nothing else but getting their first taste of a pizza.
The brothers go to the railway tracks each morning to collect the charcoal that falls off goods trains. They sell the charcoal at a scrap metal shop and are paid for their trouble. They usually hand the money over to their mother, who is saving up to pay their lawyer to get her husband out of jail. But once the boys become aware of the cost of a pizza, they begin saving the money for themselves instead, lying to their mother that they have not collected any charcoal since they were out playing. The boys succeed in saving the ₹ 300 required to buy a pizza but are shooed away by the watchman of the pizza shop since they are badly dressed, which reflects the fact that they are local slum-dwellers. The boys narrate this story to their friend Pazharasam who works as a lineman with the Railways. He tells them that people place a lot of importance on clothes and advises them to save up and purchase new dresses before approaching the pizza outlet again.
The boys go on to work again to save money for buying new clothes at Chennai Citi Centre. In the meantime, they show their grandmother the pamphlet from the pizza shop. She tries to make them a home-cooked pizza using dosa batter as base, but the boys deride her attempts and insult her. After finally saving up enough money for new dresses when the boys see Citi Centre, they realise that it is another big mall which would definitely not allow them inside. But they somehow manage to acquire a newly bought pair of clothes from a couple of rich children by buying them panipuri from a street vendor, much against the wishes of the rich boys' father, who had denied them the treat as he considered it unhygienic.
The happy brothers return to the pizza shop in their new dresses. Another group of slum boys who are envious and sceptical about the brothers' story about going to eat pizza follow them to take a video of what transpires with the brothers at the pizza shop. The brothers are once again confronted by the watchman and he now forces them to go home right away, but the boys protest by saying that they have money and are wearing new clothes. This argument attracts the attention of the pizzeria supervisor who comes out and slaps the older brother. This is caught on video by the other slum kids who laugh at the brothers' humiliation. The sad and disappointed brothers return to their slum only to be further overwhelmed by the miserable sight of their dead grandmother. The brothers feel guilty when they remember insulting their grandmother some time before.
When two men in the slum happen to watch the video of the boy being slapped, they try to make money by threatening the owner of the pizza shop to release the video to the media. The owner realises he could be imprisoned and his pizzeria sealed by the government due to his supervisor's act of discrimination and violence against slum children. He offers one of the men a hundred thousand rupees for not making the video public. The man agrees, but his associate releases it to the media hoping to make some money (unaware of the huge sum being offered). This stirs up tension amongst the pizzeria's owners who finally decide to publicly apologise to the slum kids. The boys are welcomed to the pizza spot in a red carpet reminiscent of Simbu being welcomed in the opening ceremony of the pizzeria. The owner also promises them free pizzas for life. Even as the brothers begin to finally enjoy their first pizza, they tell each other that the dosa-pizza which their grandmother had earlier made for them had tasted much better.
Cast
J. Vignesh as Periya Kaaka Muttai (Big Crow Egg)
V. Ramesh as Chinna Kaaka Muttai (Small Crow Egg)
Aishwarya Rajesh as Kaaka Muttai's mother
Nivas Adithan as Periya Kaaka Muttai & Chinna Kaaka Muttai's father
Shanthi Mani as Periya Kaaka Muttai & Chinna Kaaka Muttai's grandmother
Babu Antony as Shiva Chidambaram
Joe Malloori as Pazharasam
Ramesh Thilak as Naina
Yogi Babu as Naina's friend
Vazhakku En Muthuraman as Police Officer
Vettai Muthukumar as Pizza spot's supervisor
Vijay Muthu as Pavadai
R. S. B. Arivalagan as Drunkard
Rajasekhar
Krishnamoorthy as Shiva Chidambaram's assistant
Sumathi as Pavadai's wife
Silambarasan as himself in a guest appearance
Production
Development
M. Manikandan, a former wedding photographer, had directed a short film named Wind in late 2010, primarily for his cinematography in the film. It was critically raved by cinephiles and other celebrities, and also got the attention of director Vetrimaaran, when the film was screened at a film festival, where he was a jury member. Vetrimaaran personally approached Manikandan, to ask about his other future film projects, where Manikandan narrated a script about slum children and its essence, impressed and decided to produce the film under his Grass Root Film Company banner. He later called Manikandan to meet him and Dhanush in Delhi to progress about the narration of the script and storyline, but Dhanush said that he liked the script and also joined the film as a co-producer under the Wunderbar Films banner. Vetrimaaran said that the storyline has an artistic approach and had similarities to Slumdog Millionaire (2008).
The script's basic plot line is inspired from his life, where his son often have craved for pizza, but he could have a little money to buy it, one day. Then he inspired that "what if someone who couldn't afford a pizza wished to have one", which he kept as a basic idea pitching the story line. To develop the conflict stronger, he characterised the lead artists as slum children and also realized that the kids get attracted to things only because of catchy advertisements. Initially, he had planned to produce the film on his own, through crowdfunding, where he suggested his friends to send money for the production of the project, before Vetrimaaran agreed to produce the film. On the occasion of Republic Day (26 January 2013), both Dhanush and Vetrimaaran announced the project officially under the title Kaaka Muttai.
Casting and filming
For a children's film, Manikandan eventually planned to cast professional kids from the film, but as he was not convinced with their performances, he made a visit to real slums across Mylapore to pick slum children, who do not have an acting experience. In the process, he picked J. Vignesh and Ramesh, hailing from the fishermen community, both under 15. Manikandan also trained the kids and gave a lot of rehearsals before the shoot. He eventually said that, "During shooting both of them would fight with each other often. But on screen they will look like siblings." He added that the kids will play the lead protagonists and there are no typical male or female leads. Aishwarya Rajesh was roped to play the mother of the siblings. She was very hesitant at first to play a mother role at such an early stage in her career, but, after seeking advice from her Pannaiyarum Padminiyum co-star Vijay Sethupathi, she decided to be part of the film. Producer Vetrimaaran was initially skeptical to cast Aishwarya Rajesh and thought it would be more apt to cast an actual mother from the slums. Yogi Babu and Ramesh Thilak appear in supporting roles. While Manikandan handled the cinematography, Kishore Te., who was a regular in Vetrimaaran's projects, was assigned as the film editor, which became one of the last works of the editor before his death in March 2013.
The principal photography began during late-May 2013, where the entire film will be completed within a single stretch of 61 days. In order to have a realistic approach, the makers shot the film entirely in real slums and streets of Chennai. In August 2013, Silambarasan accepted to make a cameo appearance in the film. He joined the team in September 2013 to film scenes alongside Babu Antony who plays a landlord. Manikandan said that, it was difficult to capture the real attitude of kids and bring it to the screen. Further, he faced challenges such as to get a similar expression in the next shot, and to avoid night shoots with kids. But he was aware of the challenges and worked on the film. The entire shooting of the film was wrapped up within March 2014.
Themes and influences
Manikandan said that few scenes of the film had inspired from Not One Less, City of God and Slumdog Millionaire, based on the visual themes and setting in slums. He had pointed out a scene where the boys' mother (Aishwarya Rajesh) gives an interview to a news channel. But, however, as a similar scene was present in Not One Less, he had to delete that scene. The Times of India-based critic M. Suganth said that Manikandan's earnestness in the filmmaking invites comparison with Iranian films like Children of Heaven (1997).
Writing for American magazine The Hollywood Reporter, Jordan Mintzer called Kaaka Muttai "an allegory for the vast class differences that persist in India, revealing how people try to profit off a system that leaves little room for advancement." Another reviewer from the Indo-Asian News Service called that "the film is filled with layers aimed at different sections of the audience, one of them being urban poverty, the other being discrimination based on class system", but praised director for using humour as a theme to keep the film mostly light hearted, though it deals with a very serious subject. Arpita Bose, writing an article for The Times of India, said that the "theme is not culture-specific but contemporary and universal. At its core, the film is about the adventures of two slum boys in a world that is taking on a swanky avatar backed by moneyed entrepreneurs, shrewd politicians and loafing opportunists." Writing for the Film Companion website, Harsh B. H. Said that the film follows "the themes of class-divide and the perils of consumerism, with just the right amount of irony, without coming off as preachy". In addition to the themes of class-based discrimination, the film was noted for media sensationalism listed by Surendhar M. K. of Firstpost, in his article about 'How media sensationalism drives diverse narratives in Tamil cinema'.
Soundtrack
The film's four-song soundtrack and score was composed by G. V. Prakash Kumar. Kumar earlier worked with Manikandan in the short film Wind, and was brought on board for the project, due to his regular collaborations with Vetrimaaran, the film's producer. Na. Muthukumar penned down the lyrics for the songs in the film. The film's audio was released on 4 May 2015 at Suryan FM Radio Station and Prasad Labs in Chennai. Except for the film's composer, the entire cast and crew, including the producers Dhanush and Vetrimaaran attended the launch event and released the songs. Think Music marketed the soundtrack album.
Behindwoods rated the album three out of five, stating the album as "an impressive album from G. V. Prakash which speaks of innocence, hope and good days ahead in musical terms." Indiaglitz rated the album 3.25 out of five and said "one of Prakash's best works till date" Akilan Nagarajan of Moviecrow wrote the album as "simple, yet convincing tracks from Prakash" and gave three stars out of five. Karthik Srinivasan of Milliblog called the album as "GVP's best in a long time!" while Vipin Nair of Music Aloud rated the album 8 stars (out of 10), saying that the tracks are "light and likeable".
Release
The film was selected to be screened at the 39th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF), which was the first film by a debut Tamil director to have its world premiere at Toronto since the festival's inception in 1976. It had its world premiere under the international title The Crows Egg on 5 September 2014, and received standing ovation from the audience. In addition, the film was furthermore screened at the Rome Film Festival held during October 2014, and at the Dubai International Film Festival during late-December 2014. The film was further screened at the Brisbane Asia Pacific Film Festival, the Indian Film Festival of Los Angeles on 8 April 2015 (during the inaugural day of the ceremony), and also at the Gold Coast Film Festival.
The film's worldwide theatrical rights acquisition was brought by the corporate multi-media production house, Fox Star Studios, in order to ensure a wide reach towards the audience. Kaaka Muttais theatrical trailer was screened during the inaugural day premiere at IFFLA in Los Angeles, during April 2015, and was positively received by audience. Since it is a children's film, the producers planned to release on the occasion of summer holidays, to attract more family audience. In mid-May 2015, the makers announced that the film will be released on 5 June 2015. In addition to the theatrical release in India, the film was also screened at overseas countries, including United Arab Emirates, Malaysia, Singapore and Sri Lanka. The film was theatrically released in Karnataka on 19 June 2015, where the Karnataka Government granted tax-free in the state, becoming the first non-Kannada film to receive tax-exemption in Karnataka. It was theatrically released on Kerala on 26 June 2015.
The presenters of the film, Dhanush and Vetrimaaran, along with the distributor Fox Star Studios, associated with charitable non-government organization called Bhumi for the well-being of the actors. The company CEO, Vijay Singh, released a statement saying "The Chennai-based NGO will be entrusted with a substantial sum of money towards the food, education and additional needs of the two child actors. Bhumi will be entrusted with the responsibility of handling the money for the monthly expenses as well as monitoring the progress of the kids till they turn 21. At 21, the entire sum of money will be handed over to the kids for their future needs". The satellite rights of the film were sold to Star Vijay, and was premiered during the occasion of Independence Day (15 August 2015). The film was also released through the OTT-service Hotstar.
Reception
Box office
In the first day of its release, Kaaka Muttai collected 90 lakh worldwide, with 40 lakh accounting from the Chennai city box-office collection from 144 shows. The film's collection steadily increased to 1.10 crore upon the second day and 1.35 crore on the third day, totalling up to ₹3.35 crore, as the three-day collection. According to trade analyst Trinath, the number was considered as a "phenomenal" figure, as the film had no star cast. The number of shows steadily increased from 192 screens, owing to the positive response from the audience, which boosted the weekday collections as the film had collected ₹85 lakh (on 8 June) and ₹92 lakh (on 9 June), respectively. The film had collected 7.1 crore, domestically at the first week of its release. Within ten days, the film had earned 8.6 crore, according to Taran Adarsh. The film's overall collection stands at ₹12 crore from three weeks. Its success at the box-office, was noted by trade analysts and film critics, that how content-oriented films triumph over commercial South Indian films. G. Dhananjayan also noted Kaaka Muttais success as an example, that how content-oriented films fare well, as few anticipated big-budget films in Tamil fared badly at the box-office. Many news articles, listed the film as one of the "most profitable films of 2015". Kaaka Muttai was listed second at Kollywood's hit-films produced in a limted budget in 2015 according to The Times of India. The film ran for 50 days in theatres.
Critical response
Kaaka Muttai received universal critical acclaim, praising the direction, script, screenplay, performances and other technical aspects of the film.
India
In his review for The Hindu, film critic Baradwaj Rangan called the film as an "outstanding debut" by Manikandan, going on to add, "This is one of the most assured debuts I've seen — one deserving of more than just that consolation-prize-of-a-National-Award [...] Kaaka Muttai is so entertaining that it's easy to forget how sad the undercurrents are". Writing for the same publication, Udhav Naig wrote, "Award-winning films have a troubled reputation amongst the general film audience. These films are brushed aside as ‘high-brow’ and ‘slow’. Debutant filmmaker M Manikandan's Kaaka Muttai [...] breaks from these imagined prejudices: Kaaka Muttai is a highly entertaining film, with a spotlight on poverty". Deepanjana Pal of Firstpost wrote, "Kaakka Muttai (is) one of the most charming films you'll see this year. It's beautifully shot, without making either slums or poverty look photogenic and exotic". Behindwoods gave 3.5 out of 5 and said " the beautifully made Kaakka Muttai will easily be one of the gems of Tamil cinema that will please all types of audience."
M. Suganth of The Times of India gave the film 4 stars out of 5 and wrote, "Manikandan's Kaaka Muttai is multi-layered; on the surface, it is all warm and inviting — a feel-good film about two kids and their simple desire and the earnestness in the filmmaking invites comparison with Iranian films like Children of Heaven...there is a hard base to it as well and from time to time, the film turns into a commentary on the class divide in our society and how it is exploited by wily politicians, an allegory of the effects of globalisation, and even a satire on media's obsession with sensationalism". S. Saraswathi of Rediff gave it 4 out of 5, too, calling it a "a delightful entertainer with a subtle message". A reviewer from Sify wrote, "(It's) A charming little treat of a film [...] Held together by a sharp screenplay that throws up some pleasant surprises, this film is light, easy and enjoyable. The film works because it is intelligent and uncompromising. Kaaka Muttai is a slice of life vibrant film which is sure to put a big smile on your face as you are stepping out of the movie hall."
Anupama Subramanian of Deccan Chronicle gave it 3.5 stars and wrote, "with unenhanced visuals that gives a sense of verisimilitude, acting that isn't staged and dramatised in any obvious sense, and more importantly, characters that bring alive a subsection of the populace, Kaakka Muttai is sure to make you at least a slightly better person than you were before, owing to the reflective power of the film". Writing for Hindustan Times, Gauthaman Bhaskaran gave 3.5 out of 5 stars wrote "A neatly packaged, well structured narrative with three dimensional characters, Kaaka Muttai (Crow's Egg) is a delight to behold". Uday Bhatia of Mint wrote, "the film invites us to admire the resourcefulness of the two siblings without turning them into objects of pity or sentiment. It's the strangest feel-good film you'll see this year: two kids in rags, happily walking past piles of garbage, their heads full of pizza". Shubhra Gupta of The Indian Express gave 3.5 out of 5 saying "Like all good films that children can watch, 'Kaakkaa Muttai' has many terrific take-aways, but they are delivered minus hammering." Suhani Singh of India Today wrote "Kaakka Muttai celebrates the joys of childhood and the vivid imagination of kids, who find a way to reach their goal even if it is the most arduous one."
Overseas
Reviewing for the British news portal, The Guardian, Mike McCahill stated "M Manikandan's latter-day parable mines both laughter and tears from the struggles of two young brothers to put food on the table". Paul Byrnes, writing for The Sydney Morning Herald, said that "The vast Indian film industry produces many films like this – relatively unsophisticated in technique, but rich in observation and character detail. It's rare to see one with so much satirical edge, or such warm characterisation. The boys were recruited from a slum like the one we see. The style is not quite neo-realism, but that is the main ingredient, with large amounts of Tamil flavour." Jordan Mintzer of The Hollywood Reporter said "The Crow's Egg, is an amusing, energetic, occasionally poignant and somewhat unwieldy, that's part kids movie, part social drama, part Bollywood-style musical montage and part third world farce. And while all the parts do not necessarily form a perfect pie, the film provides some vivid moments and a handful of strong performances, which should help give it a boost". Mythili Ramachandran of Gulf News said "Without a star cast or exotic locations, here is a director who dared to present a simple story, without trapping himself in the regular mould of Tamil cinema." Writing for South China Morning Post, James Marsh said "The light-hearted and witty script [...] incorporates everything from political corruption to media manipulation, painting a rich and vibrant portrait of the contemporary Indian experience."
Film charts
1st – Baradwaj Rangan, The Hindu
1st – Haricharan Pudipeddi, Sify
1st – Siddharth Srinivas, Hindustan Times
1st – Sreedhar Pillai, Firstpost
1st – Moviecrow
2nd – Indiaglitz
3rd – Latha Srinivasan, Daily News and Analysis
Top 10 (listed alphabetically) – 10 Contemporary Indian Tamil Films by Vogue India
Top 25 (listed alphabetically) – Baradwaj Rangan, Film Companion South (25 Greatest Tamil Films of the Decade)
Top 15 (listed alphabetically) The Hindu Cinema Team (Favourite Tamil Films of the Decade)
Top 150 (listed alphabetically, not ranked) – All Time Cult Tamil Films by Behindwoods
Accolades
Remake
Filmmaker Samit Kakkad watched the film at a festival in Mumbai and expressed his interest in adapting the film into Marathi language. Later he worked on that film, which was titled Half Ticket and altered the script in a minor way to include certain nuances of the Marathi language, by changed the setting to Mumbai instead of Chennai. G. V. Prakash Kumar retained the tracks of the original counterpart for this film, also making his Marathi debut. The film produced by Video Palace, alongside Fox Star Studios, which distributed the original film, released on 22 July 2016. The title was used in the latest Kannada movie Kaage Moote however the story appears to be inspired from a number of movies.
Notes
References
External links
2014 films
Children's comedy-drama films
Films set in Chennai
Indian comedy-drama films
Indian children's films
2010s Tamil-language films
Films scored by G. V. Prakash Kumar
Films about discrimination
Films about consumerism
Tamil films remade in other languages
Best Children's Film National Film Award winners
Fox Star Studios films
2014 directorial debut films
2010s children's films
Films directed by M. Manikandan
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41043651
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennaton%20Games
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Dennaton Games
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Dennaton Games is an independent Swedish video game developer founded by programmer Jonatan Söderström and artist Dennis Wedin. The company name is a portmanteau of the founders' names.
History
Jonatan Söderström is an indie game developer who previously developed games in the Game Maker engine as a hobby. Söderström said in an interview that he needed to actually start making money off of creating games, so he decided to undertake a more sizeable project. He contacted his friend Dennis Wedin, an artist, and together they formed Dennaton Games, after which they began the development of Hotline Miami, followed by Hotline Miami 2.
On New Years Eve, December 2020, Jonatan Söderström posted a tweet mentioning Dennaton's new, unannounced game. "It is a passion project so I'm not sure who will enjoy it. But I'm sure some people will be horrified and others delighted!"
Developed games
References
Video game development companies
Indie game developers
Video game companies of Sweden
Video game companies established in 2012
Swedish companies established in 2012
Companies based in Gothenburg
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41043652
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tadeusz%20Chorzelski
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Tadeusz Chorzelski
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Tadeusz P. Chorzelski (1928–1999) was a Polish dermatologist. He was one of the founders of immunodermatology. He published more than 400 original research papers, 28 book chapters, and 5 monographs. Chorzelski was elected a member honoris causa of the national societies of Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria, Mexico and Norway.
References
Polish dermatologists
1928 births
1999 deaths
20th-century Polish physicians
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41043655
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scandium%20bromide
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Scandium bromide
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Scandium bromide, or ScBr3, is a trihalide, hygroscopic, water-soluble chemical compound of scandium and bromine.
Production and properties
ScBr3 is produced through the burning of scandium in bromine gas.
2 Sc(s) + 3 Br2(g) → 2 ScBr3(s)
Uses
Scandium bromide is used for solid state synthesis of unusual clusters such as Sc19Br28Z4, (Z=Mn, Fe, Os or Ru). These clusters are of interest for their structure and magnetic properties.
References
Bromides
Scandium compounds
Metal halides
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41043665
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James%20Calthorpe
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James Calthorpe
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James Calthorpe may refer to:
James Calthorpe of Cockthorpe (c. 1558–1614), Sheriff of Norfolk in 1614
James Calthorpe of East Barsham (1604–1652), Sheriff of Norfolk in 1643
Sir James Calthorpe (Roundhead) (died 1658), Sheriff of Suffolk, knighted by the Lord Protector Olive Cromwell
James Calthorpe (Yeoman of the Removing Wardrobe) (1699–1784), English politician and courtier
See also
Calthorpe (surname)
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41043680
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20Chrono%20des%20Nations%20%28women%27s%20race%29
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2013 Chrono des Nations (women's race)
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The 2013 Chrono des Nations Women's Elite time trial was part of a series of one day time trials held at the end of the 2013 season. The tour has an UCI rating of 1.1. The race was won by the Ukrainian Hanna Solovey.
It was announced that after winning the time trial at the 2013 UCI Road World Championships, world champion Ellen van Dijk would not start in this last time trial of the season.
Results
References
External links
2013 in women's road cycling
Chrono des Nations
2013 in French sport
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41043697
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Kowloon%20Fire%20Station
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Old Kowloon Fire Station
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The Old Kowloon Fire Station is a former fire station in Tsim Sha Tsui, Kowloon, Hong Kong. Together with the Former Marine Police Headquarters, it is now part of a commercial complex called 1881 Heritage.
The station is located at 33 Salisbury Road, at the corner with Kowloon Park Drive.
The Old Kowloon Fire Station consists of a Main Block and an Accommodation Barrack. The main block was built in 1920, while the two-storey accommodation barrack was completed in 1922. It served as a fire station until 1971, when it was replaced by the Tsim Sha Tsui Fire Station on Canton Road. The fire station was also known as the Terminus Fire Station because of its proximity to the Kowloon station (demolished in 1974), the then south terminus of the British Section of the Kowloon–Canton Railway.
The main block of the fire station has been listed as a Grade II historic building since 2009.
See also
List of fire stations in Hong Kong
References
External links
Former Kowloon Fire Station at Gwulo.com: and
Buildings and structures completed in 1920
Tsim Sha Tsui
Fire stations in Hong Kong
Grade II historic buildings in Hong Kong
1920 establishments in Hong Kong
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41043700
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horatio%20Nelson%20Goulty
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Horatio Nelson Goulty
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Horatio Nelson Goulty (1832/33 – 7 July 1869) was an English architect. He designed several buildings in Brighton and was an important figure in the town's public affairs in the early Victorian era.
Biography
Early life
Horatio Nelson Goulty was born in 1832 or 1833 in Brighton, East Sussex. His father was Reverend John Nelson Goulty, the pastor of Union Chapel and a cousin of Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (1758–1805). As a result, Lord Nelson was his uncle. Goulty was married and had two children.
Career
In 1850, Goulty and his father were two of the four founders of the Extra Mural Cemetery in Brighton. The others were architect Amon Henry Wilds and doctor and politician John Cordy Burrows. Although Wilds has been credited in some sources with the design of the two cemetery chapels (only one of which survives), Goulty's obituary in the Freemasons' Magazine and Masonic Mirror attributes the buildings to him. Goulty's influence in Brighton's public life increased when he became councillor for Park ward, one of six wards created in 1854 to govern the newly created Municipal Borough of Brighton. Named after Queen's Park, this electoral division covered the east of the town. He supported the town's Children's Hospital, which was founded by local doctor R.P.B. Taaffe at 178 Western Road on 3 August 1868 with the name Brighton Hospital for Sick Children. It now occupies a different site and is known as the Royal Alexandra Hospital. He also served as a secretary of the Local School of Art in Brighton, a Sunday Schools inspector and a deacon at a Nonconformist chapel.
Goulty was responsible for two new Congregational churches in East Sussex during the 1860s. Cliftonville Congregational Church, a congregation based in central Hove, used his Sunday School building (erected in 1861) for worship until his grey stone Early English Gothic Revival-style church building was finished. The church is still in active use under the name Central United Reformed Church. In 1866, he used a different architectural style—plain Neoclassical—for his design of the Newhaven Congregational Chapel at Newhaven, which replaced a building of 1797. The stucco-faced stone building served as a church until 1938, after which it fell into dereliction and later became an antiques market.
In 1864, he designed the Norfolk Hotel, located at 149 Kings Road in Brighton. The French Renaissance Revival-style building is Grade II-listed and remains in use as a luxury hotel. The author of Moorecroft's Guide (1866), a guidebook about the resort, called it "more beautiful than any other building in Brighton". He later designed the Grand Concert Hall which opened in 1866 on the southeast side of West Street, near the seafront, but was in use for only 16 years because it was destroyed by fire in 1882. He also reconstructed the Hanningtons department store on North Street, also in Brighton, and school buildings in Hurstpierpoint, and was commissioned by several early building societies for architectural and surveying work.
Between 1867 and 1868, he designed the Brighton Hammam, a Turkish bath for the newly formed Brighton Turkish Baths Company Ltd. In addition to Goulty, the Company Secretary and all six of the original directors were Freemasons. The Hammam, built by Goulty and Gibbins, was located at 57–59 West Street and cost £14,000. One commentator described the exterior as "rising like some Moorish temple, resplendent with crimson and gilt". After closure in 1910, the building was converted into the Academy Cinema and was demolished in 1973.
He became a Freemason in December 1863. He was also a member of the Order of the Knights Templar.
Death
He died on 7 July 1869 in Shoreham-by-Sea, West Sussex, England. His funeral was held 12 days later at the Extra Mural Cemetery, where between 800 and 1,000 mourners were in attendance.
Notes
References
Bibliography
1832 births
1869 deaths
Architects from Brighton
19th-century English architects
Freemasons of the United Grand Lodge of England
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