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41066016
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoseynabad%2C%20Fuman
|
Hoseynabad, Fuman
|
Hoseynabad (, also Romanized as Ḩoseynābād) is a village in Iran, located in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 565, in 149 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066018
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoseyn%20Kuh
|
Hoseyn Kuh
|
Hoseyn Kuh (, also Romanized as Ḩoseyn Kūh) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 631, in 158 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066024
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manasi%20Scott
|
Manasi Scott
|
Manasi Scott is an Indian singer, songwriter, and an actress. Manasi is best known for her live performances and for composing "Khatti Meethi" for Sanjay Gupta's Acid Factory. In 2018, she played the female protagonist in ALTBalaji's web series Baby Come Naa as Sophie opposite Shreyas Talpade.
Early life
Manasi is known as a multi talented personality. She made national level recognition as a singer while she was studying in eighth standard. After obtaining a degree in mass communications from the St. Xavier College, she also did a course on TV and Film production. She kick-started her professional singing career with the popular Pune rock band Dark Water Fixation, which also paved way to get her first break in Tamil composer Vidyasagar's Snehithiye. The song was "Othaiyadi Pathaile" and the film directed by Priyadarshan turned out to a box office hit. Manasi also played an important supporting role in the film and her character's name was Nancy. Snehithiye is a movie noted for having only female characters in the leads. Manasi also acted in the Malayalam film Raakilipattu, it is the Malayalam version of the Tamil film Snegithiye. In Raakilipattu, she acted with her original name Manasi as Jyothika's friend. Manasi is also a national basketball player.
Career
Even before releasing her debut album, Manasi already became a national sensation with her live performances. Even though she had her debut album "Nachlae" in 2005, her first major break happened in 2009 with the Sanjay Gupta film Acid Factory. Manasi has composed and sung a song, "Khatti Meethi" for the film. She has also done a music video for the same number. The video was voted as No.2 video of 2009 by MSN users. Her other major works are "Peter Gaya Kaam Se ", "Pappu Can't Dance"," The Fox"," Loot", "Tom Dick and Harry Rocks Again", "Love Story 2050" etc.
Along with her singing career, Manasi has also acted in a couple of popular film which includes Jhootha Hi Sahi, Ek Main Aur Ekk Tu etc. She was also the anchor of many leading shows, which include Perfect 10 on Sony Pix, Glamorous on Zoom and E Buzz on AXN. She was the major judge in Cornetto Anchor Hunt on Zing/ETC.
Manasi Scott is the first Indian singer to have graced the coveted cover of The Week. She is also the first Indian singer to be a brand ambassador, model and host for brands such as Sunsilk, L'oreal and Reebok.
Notable discography
Okkadu Chalu (2000)
Goppinti Alludu (2000)
Snegithiye (2000)
Raakilipattu (2007)
Love Story 2050 (2008)
Fox (2009)
Tom, Dick, and Harry: Rock Again... (2009)
Acid Factory (2009)
Thillalangadi (2010)
Loot (2011)
Pappu Can't Dance Saala (2011)
Aadhi Bhagavan (2013)
Peter Gaya Kaam Se (TBA)
Filmography
All films are in Hindi, unless, otherwise noted.
Television
Perfect 10 on Sony Pix – Anchor
Glamorous on Zoom – Anchor
E Buzzon AXN – Anchor
Cornetto Anchor Hunt on Zing/ETC – Judge
Baby Come Naa- Web series on ALT Balaji
References
External links
Indian women singer-songwriters
Indian male singer-songwriters
Indian singer-songwriters
Indian film actresses
Living people
Actresses in Tamil cinema
Year of birth missing (living people)
Actresses in Malayalam cinema
Actresses in Hindi cinema
21st-century Indian actresses
21st-century Indian women singers
21st-century Indian singers
|
41066025
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boniface%20Consiliarius
|
Boniface Consiliarius
|
Bonifatius Consiliarius (died circa 705) (also known as Boniface Consiliarius and Archdeacon Boniface) resided in Rome where he was an advisor to the papacy for approximately 50 years. He held the roles of consiliarius or archdeacon. He is known for his work as a translator, although only part of the Miracula Cyri et Johannis survives today.
Career
While there is no record of a birth date for Bonifatius, it is believed that he died in 705 AD. Since he worked under the papacy for a long period, it is likely that he was born in Rome. Bonifatius served as consiliarius from the papacy of Martin I until that of John VII.
Bonifatius was sent by Pope Benedict II to see Macarius of Antioch in 684 or 685 after the sixth ecumenical council had anathematized (or excommunicated) Macarius for his belief in monothelitism. Most likely, Bonifatius was sent to see Macarius to try and convert him and he would have been the ideal candidate to do so because of his vast knowledge of both theology and Greek. He was later sent by Pope Sergius as a representative to the Quinisext Council in 692.
He was also well noted in historical documents as the teacher and friend of the English bishop, Wilfrid of Ripon. These mentioned that in c. 653 a young Wilfrid learned in Rome of "Paschal calculation, with which the schismatics of which Britain and Ireland were not acquainted with" as well as other ecclesiastical disciplines including how to understand the Gospels. Bede adds that Wilfrid could not have learned these things in his own country. There are also records of Wilfrid returning to Rome in 679-80 and in 704, when he may have sought assistance from Bonifatius.
Miracula translation
Bonifatius was also known as a translator, in addition to serving in the role of consiliarius. He translated the first twelve chapters of the Miracula Cyri et Johannis (known in English as the Seventy Miracles of SS. Cyrus and John) from Greek into Latin. The original was written by Sophronius of Jerusalem. This document detailed the miracles of Saints Cyrus and John. Anastasius Bibliotecarius noted this when he went to write his famous translations of the same work ("Bonifatius consiliarius… duodecim cum praefatione capitula olim interpretatus est" ) referencing that a Bonifatius Consiliarius had already translated the first twelve chapters of this piece into Latin. Based on when these translations were completed, it appears that this is the same Bonifatius that was associated with Wilfrid and the sixth ecumenical council. It is believed that Anastasius would have used Bonifatius’ translations to assist him in completion of his translations of the Miracula in the ninth century. Bonifatius’ translations would most likely have been completed during the papacy of Leo II or Benedict II, Leo known for being bilingual and wanting to have such documents like the Miracula translated from Greek to Latin.
Richard Pollard has argued that "by examining Bonifatius’s Latin prose style and vocabulary in minute detail, and comparing these to existing papal documents… papal officials with similarly high levels of rhetorical, theological and legal training may have been more numerous than previously supposed."
See also
Hagiography
List of translators
References
Year of birth missing
705 deaths
Archdeacons
7th-century translators
Writers from Rome
7th-century Italian writers
7th-century writers in Latin
|
41066041
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasht
|
Gasht
|
Gasht or Gosht or Gesht () may refer to:
Gasht, Gilan, Iran
Gasht-e Gurab, Gilan Province, Iran
Gasht-e Rudkhan, Gilan Province, Iran
Gosht, Iran
Gasht Rural District (disambiguation)
Gasht, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, a town in Pakistan
|
41066050
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoOp
|
GeoOp
|
Geo Limited (formerly GeoOp Limited) is a publicly listed company in New Zealand.
GEO provides cloud-based business productivity software and applications for trade, field and home services business - companies that have mobile workforces.
Products
Geo operates two products:
1. GeoNext: In 2019, Geo launched GeoNext, its next generation platform and app, designed with a more modern interface and ease of use.
2. GeoOp: Its traditional product that it has been operating since launch.
Geo has over 15,000 customers that use their products to help manage their business.
Both products focus on helping trade, home and field service business owners. Functionality includes quoting, job management, Staff management and timesheets, invoicing and payments.
History
GeoOp was founded in Auckland, New Zealand in 2009 by Nicholas Bartlett, Benjamin Goudie-Park, Simon Fraser, and Brendan Cervin. In 2010, the company opened an additional office in Melbourne, Australia.
In 2011, GEO was awarded the Consensus Software Award for being the most innovative software product in Australia and New Zealand.
In early 2013, Leanne Graham, the former Country Manager of New Zealand-based accounting software company Xero, became GeoOp's new CEO. By mid 2013, GeoOp successfully raised 10 million in private funding. In the following October, GeoOp listed on the small-cap NZAX, becoming a public listed company.
In September 2014, Graham stood down as CEO to become an 'executive strategic adviser' to the company in the USA. The news was followed by an 11% drop in the share price. Anna Cicognani became acting CEO in February 2015.
Geo completed a $2.4m NZD capital raise in August 2015, to pursue growth opportunities in Australia.
In January 2015, GeoOp announced a distribution agreement with MyCloudCure for the United States and Canada.
In Feb 2020 Tim Molloy was appointed CEO.
In Nov 2020, Geo announced a capital raise of up to $2m. It was announced that "proceeds from the Raise are intended to be used for general working capital purposes as the Company accelerates its customer acquisition activity."
References
Software companies established in 2009
Software companies of New Zealand
2009 establishments in New Zealand
|
41066068
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kord%20Mahalleh%2C%20Fuman
|
Kord Mahalleh, Fuman
|
Kord Mahalleh (, also Romanized as Kord Maḩalleh) is a village in Gasht Rural District of the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan province, Iran.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 2,182 in 570 households. The following census in 2011 counted 2,155 people in 662 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 1,945 people in 662 households. It was the largest village in its rural district.
References
Fuman County
Populated places in Gilan Province
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066069
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20Sara%2C%20Fuman
|
Ali Sara, Fuman
|
Ali Sara (, also Romanized as ‘Alī Sarā; also known as ‘Alī Seh Rāh) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 296, in 85 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066070
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lelekam
|
Lelekam
|
Lelekam (, also Romanized as Lelekām) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 591, in 157 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066071
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mudegan
|
Mudegan
|
Mudegan (, also Romanized as Mūdegān) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 381, in 105 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066072
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nasrollah%20Mahalleh
|
Nasrollah Mahalleh
|
Nasrollah Mahalleh (, also Romanized as Naşrollāh Maḩalleh; also known as Naşrollāh Khān Maḩalleh) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 483, in 118 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066073
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Now%20Gurab
|
Now Gurab
|
Now Gurab (, also Romanized as Now Gūrāb and Nau Gurāb; also known as Nukurab) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 449, in 119 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066074
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pish%20Hesar
|
Pish Hesar
|
Pish Hesar (, also Romanized as Pīsh Ḩeşār) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 914, in 239 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066075
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Palang%20Kol
|
Palang Kol
|
Palang Kol () is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 156, in 41 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066076
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaleh%20Kol
|
Qaleh Kol
|
Qaleh Kol (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Kol) is a town in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 480, in 121 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066077
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudbar%20Chireh
|
Rudbar Chireh
|
Rudbar Chireh (, also Romanized as Rūdbār Chīreh) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 484, in 121 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066078
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaldeh%2C%20Fuman
|
Shaldeh, Fuman
|
Shaldeh (, also Romanized as Shāldeh) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 105, in 32 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066079
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekal%20Gurab-e%20Bala
|
Shekal Gurab-e Bala
|
Shekal Gurab-e Bala (, also Romanized as Shekāl Gūrāb-e Bālā; also known as Shaghāl Gūrāb, Shakālgūrāb, Shekāl Gūrāb, Shigāl Gurāb, and Shikil’-Kirab) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 579, in 144 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066081
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekal%20Gurab-e%20Pain
|
Shekal Gurab-e Pain
|
Shekal Gurab-e Pain (, also Romanized as Shekāl Gūrāb-e Pā’īn; also known as Shakālgūrāb) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 827, in 208 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066083
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shelkeh%20Banan
|
Shelkeh Banan
|
Shelkeh Banan (, also Romanized as Shelkeh Bānān; also known as Shakbānān and Shelekbānān) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 310, in 88 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066084
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serabostan
|
Serabostan
|
Serabostan (, also Romanized as Serābostān) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 648, in 167 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066085
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shulam
|
Shulam
|
Shulam (, also Romanized as Shūlam; also known as Shulen) is a village in Gasht Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,270, in 361 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066086
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingsburg%2C%20South%20Carolina
|
Kingsburg, South Carolina
|
Kingsburg is an unincorporated community in Florence County, South Carolina, United States. The community is located at the intersection of US 378, SC 41, SC 51 and River Road (S-21-57), in southeastern Florence County. Wedged between the Great Pee Dee River and Lynches River, the area is a predominantly farming community.
References
Unincorporated communities in Florence County, South Carolina
Unincorporated communities in South Carolina
|
41066093
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali%20Sara
|
Ali Sara
|
Ali Sara () may refer to:
Ali Sara, Fuman
Ali Sara, Rasht
Ali Sara, Shaft
Ali Sara, Talesh
|
41066106
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaldeh
|
Shaldeh
|
Shaldeh () may refer to:
Shaldeh, Fuman
Shaldeh, Shaft
|
41066107
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cataract%20City
|
Cataract City
|
Cataract City is a 2013 novel by Craig Davidson published in Canada by Doubleday. The title refers to the city nickname of Niagara Falls and is derived from the Latin word for waterfalls.
Summary
The novel is about two childhood friends, Duncan Diggs and Owen Stuckey, who grow up together in Niagara Falls. The novel alternates between their two perspectives.
In the present day, Duncan Diggs, released after eight years from a twenty-year sentence at the Kingston Penitentiary, calls his childhood friend Owen Stuckey to drive him back home to Niagara Falls. After dropping him off at his parents place, Owen goes to the woods and reminisces on their childhood friendship together which was based on their mutual hero-worship of a small-time wrestler named Bruiser Mahoney. After seeing Mahoney perform live one night, and meeting him briefly, the boys' fathers get into an altercation in the parking lot with some of their co-workers, the fathers of boys around their age who think that Duncan and his father cheated at a game of go-kart racing. While the police arrest the men Mahoney, who happened to be exiting the arena at the same time, takes the boys into his van with the intention of returning them home. Instead he becomes inebriated and takes them into the forest after learning they have never been camping before. His behaviour becomes increasingly erratic and he reveals his real name is Dade Rathburn and he is from Orillia before telling the boys that wrestling is fake. The next morning Owen and Duncan awake to find him dead and decide to try to follow the tracks of Bruiser's van through the forest in order to find their way home. The boys are lost in the woods for several days with nothing to eat, eventually meeting a vagrant who tries to sexually assault them. After frightening him away with a gun they took off of Mahoney's body they languish in the woods for one more day before discovering an isolated home. From there they are rescued and gradually drift apart from one another for a few years.
They later reunite as teenagers when Duncan discovers two abandoned greyhound puppies and decides to gift one to Owen. Their former baby sitter, Edwina Murphy, helps them bring the greyhounds to a racing track where they discover that Owen's pet, Fragrant Meat, can never be a racer while Duncan's pet, Dolly, is a gifted prodigy. As the boys spend more time at the race track they grow closer to Ed and she and Owen begin a relationship. Meanwhile, Owen becomes a star basketball player and begins to distance himself from Duncan again. Owen's basketball career is cut short when he is the victim of a hit and run perpetuated by Clyde Hillicker and Adam Lowery, the sons of the men who fought Owen and Duncan's fathers all those years ago. With his basketball career in ruins Owen goes to college to train as a police office. Meanwhile, Ed leaves him for Duncan and the two begin racing Dolly. Dolly moves her way up the race track but becomes grievously injured during a secret after hours race that Duncan participates in. He loses twenty thousand dollars to Lemmy Drinkwater and Dolly loses her leg.
As Duncan matures into adulthood he begins to bare knuckle box in an illegal ring run by Lemmy Drinkwater to supplement the meagre income he earns at the local cookie factory. When he is laid off he agrees to illegally smuggle cigarettes over the Canada–United States border for Lemmy. Shortly after the deal between Duncan and Lemmy is struck he receives a phone call from Owen who makes vague hints that he is being watched by the police. Duncan decides to go through with the deal anyway, however Igor Bearfoot, one of Lemmy's associates, believes he is a snitch and tries to choke him to death. Duncan saves himself by stabbing Igor with a box cutter. He is captured by Owen and forced to stand trial.
In prison, Duncan meets a man called Silas Garrow, a professional boxer from the Akwesasne reservation. The two become friends and Garrow teaches Duncan how to improve his boxing skills. In the present day, now that he has been released from prison, Duncan goes to Lemmy and asks him to arrange a fight between him and three men of his choosing. Lemmy arranges the fight and Duncan manages to beat the first two men with some difficulty. The third man is Silas Garrow, with whom Duncan had previously arranged a plan to throw the fight. After winning the fight Duncan manages to nearly bankrupt Lemmy with his winnings. Dissatisfied with his winnings Duncan, Owen and Silas come together to secretly record Lemmy discussing his cigarette smuggling business. However, before he can mention it he spots a police issued rifle that Silas is carrying and attempts to shoot him. Silas survives and Duncan and Owen follow Lemmy into the woods only to become grievously injured and lost. They pursue Lemmy for days eventually finding the old van Bruiser Mahoney kidnapped them in. Knowing that they are close to salvation they nevertheless make the wrong turn they made as boys and end up in the cave they found as children. There Lemmy reunites with them and after a scuffle in which Lemmy attempts to murder Duncan and Duncan shoots at Lemmy with Bruiser's old gun, Owen discovers that Lemmy is carrying a cellphone and calls for help.
In the final epilogue, we learn that all three men survived and that Duncan, suffering from brain-damage, has left Niagara Falls to pursue Ed and that Lemmy is in Attica.
Reception
Cataract City was published to positive reviews. The National Post wrote of it as a "superb, thoughtful and thoroughly entertaining novel that is, page by page, mostly riveting, its prose flawless and its observations acute and, often touchingly sympathetic." Meanwhile The Globe and Mail praised Davidson as "one of [Canada]'s great kinetic writers."
Awards and nominations
Cataract City was shortlisted for the 2013 Scotiabank Giller Prize.
References
2013 Canadian novels
Doubleday Canada books
Novels set in Ontario
Niagara Falls in fiction
|
41066126
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shekal%20Gurab
|
Shekal Gurab
|
Shekal Gurab or Shakalgurab (), also rendered as Shaghal Gurab or Shigal Gurab or Shikil-Kirab, may refer to:
Shekal Gurab-e Bala
Shekal Gurab-e Pain
|
41066151
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowling%20at%20the%202006%20Asian%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20all-events
|
Bowling at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's all-events
|
The women's all-events competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha was held from 3 December to 8 December 2006 at Qatar Bowling Centre.
All-events scores are compiled by totaling series scores from the singles, doubles, trios and team events.
Schedule
All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
Results
References
Results at ABF Website
External links
Official Website
Women's all-events
|
41066158
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azbar
|
Azbar
|
Azbar () is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 691, in 175 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066160
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerda%20Ulast
|
Gerda Ulast
|
Gerda Ulast (, also Romanized as Gerdā Ūlāst; also known as Gerdeh Ūlāst) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 99, in 29 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066163
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fusheh
|
Fusheh
|
Fusheh (, also Romanized as Fūsheh) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 755, in 212 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066164
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gasht-e%20Rudkhan
|
Gasht-e Rudkhan
|
Gasht-e Rudkhan (, also Romanized as Gasht-e Rūdkhān and Gasht Rūdkhān; also known as Keshter-Khan) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 787, in 202 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066166
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gurab%20Pas
|
Gurab Pas
|
Gurab Pas (, also Romanized as Gūrāb Pas; also known as Kurapas) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District of the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan province, Iran.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 1,734 in 444 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,563 people in 489 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 1,433 people in 506 households. It was the largest village in its rural district.
References
Fuman County
Populated places in Gilan Province
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066167
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heydar%20Alat
|
Heydar Alat
|
Heydar Alat (, also Romanized as Ḩeydar Ālāt) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 716, in 173 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066168
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hallaj%20Mahalleh
|
Hallaj Mahalleh
|
Hallaj Mahalleh (, also Romanized as Ḩallāj Maḩalleh) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 120, in 31 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066169
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khosrowabad%2C%20Gilan
|
Khosrowabad, Gilan
|
Khosrowabad (, also Romanized as Khosrowābād; also known as Husruābād and Khusruabad) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 621, in 168 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066170
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kish-e%20Rudbar
|
Kish-e Rudbar
|
Kish-e Rudbar (, also Romanized as Kīsh-e Rūdbār; also known as Kīsheh Rūdbār) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 492, in 122 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066171
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kelfat
|
Kelfat
|
Kelfat (, also Romanized as Kolfat; also known as Kal’fet) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 544, in 154 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066180
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ayers%20Island%20%28Maine%29
|
Ayers Island (Maine)
|
Ayers Island is an island in the Penobscot River in Penobscot County, Maine, near the town of Orono. It was named for one of the original settlers of Orono, Joshua Ayers [Eayres], who constructed a sawmill on the island beginning around 1774.
Ayers Island is the site of the Striar Textile Mill, which closed in 1996. The land is polluted due to past manufacturing activity. The town of Orono took possession of the island in 1999. Later it was purchased by Ayers Island LLC, which announced plans to fit it with an experimental surveillance system consisting of "a comprehensive network of video cameras, motion detectors and sensors" monitored by computer.
Two episodes of the Celebrity Paranormal Project television series were recorded there.
See also
Marsh Island (Maine)
Orono Dam
University of Maine
References
Orono, Maine
Islands of Penobscot County, Maine
Penobscot River
Islands of Maine
|
41066198
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20Michigan%20Wolverines%20women%27s%20basketball%20team
|
2013–14 Michigan Wolverines women's basketball team
|
The 2013–14 Michigan Wolverines women's basketball team will represent University of Michigan during the 2013–14 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Wolverines, led by second year head coach Kim Barnes Arico, play their home games at the Crisler Center and were members of the Big Ten Conference. They finished with a record of 20–14 overall, 8–8 in Big Ten play for a tie for sixth place. They lost in the quarterfinals in the 2014 Big Ten Conference women's basketball tournament against their in-state rivalry Michigan State. They were invited to the 2014 Women's National Invitation Tournament which they defeated Stony Brook in the first round, Duquesne in the second round and losing to Bowling Green in the third round.
Roster
Schedule
|-
!colspan=9 | Exhibition
|-
!colspan=9| Regular Season
|-
!colspan=9 | 2014 Big Ten Conference women's tournament
|-
!colspan=9 | 2014 WNIT
Source
See also
2013–14 Michigan Wolverines men's basketball team
Rankings
References
Michigan
Michigan Wolverines women's basketball seasons
2014 Women's National Invitation Tournament participants
Michigan
Michigan
|
41066202
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maleskam
|
Maleskam
|
Maleskam (, also Romanized as Maleskām and Moleskām; also known as Mowlīskān) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 816, in 207 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066203
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Qaleh%20Rudkhan
|
Qaleh Rudkhan
|
Qaleh Rudkhan (, also Romanized as Qal‘eh Rūdkhān and Qal‘eh-ye Rūdkhān; also known as Kala-Rudkhan and Qala Rūdkhan) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 707, in 217 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066204
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasteh%20Kenar-e%20Buin
|
Rasteh Kenar-e Buin
|
Rasteh Kenar-e Buin (, also Romanized as Rāsteh Kenār-e Bū’īn; also known as Rāsteh Kenār) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 514, in 140 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066205
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siah%20Kesh%2C%20Fuman
|
Siah Kesh, Fuman
|
Siah Kesh (, also Romanized as Sīāh Kesh) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 170, in 47 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066206
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyedabad%2C%20Gilan
|
Seyyedabad, Gilan
|
Seyyedabad (, also Romanized as Seyyedābād) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 883, in 254 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066207
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seyyed%20Sara
|
Seyyed Sara
|
Seyyed Sara (, also Romanized as Seyyed Sarā; also known as Sa‘īd Sarā) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 522, in 118 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066209
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sestelan
|
Sestelan
|
Sestelan (, also Romanized as Sesţelān) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 301, in 72 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066210
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taleh%20Gongah
|
Taleh Gongah
|
Taleh Gongah (, also Romanized as Taleh Gongāh; also known as Taleh Kangān and Taleh Kongāh) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 151, in 39 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066213
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tang%20Darreh%2C%20Gilan
|
Tang Darreh, Gilan
|
Tang Darreh (; also known as Kamāl Maḩlleh) is a village in Gurab Pas Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 681, in 173 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066229
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasteh%20Kenar
|
Rasteh Kenar
|
Rasteh Kenar () may refer to:
Rasteh Kenar, Fuman
Rasteh Kenar, Rasht
Rasteh Kenar, Shaft
Rasteh Kenar, Khomam, Rasht County
Rasteh Kenar, Sowme'eh Sara
|
41066253
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allaheh%20Gurab
|
Allaheh Gurab
|
Allaheh Gurab (, also Romanized as Ālāleh Gūrāb; also known as Allāh Gūrāb) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 686, in 174 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066259
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otur%20Sara
|
Otur Sara
|
Otur Sara (, also Romanized as Otūr Sarā) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 151, in 34 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066260
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dazdak%2C%20Gilan
|
Dazdak, Gilan
|
Dazdak () is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 295, in 73 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066261
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geran%2C%20Gilan
|
Geran, Gilan
|
Geran (, also Romanized as Gerān) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 270, in 63 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066262
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoshknudhan-e%20Bala
|
Khoshknudhan-e Bala
|
Khoshknudhan-e Bala (, also Romanized as Khoshknūdhān-e Bālā and Khoshk Now Dehān-e Bālā) is a village in Lulaman Rural District of the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan province, Iran.
At the 2006 National Census, its population was 1,547 in 416 households. The following census in 2011 counted 1,434 people in 436 households. The latest census in 2016 showed a population of 1,417 people in 467 households. It was the largest village in its rural district.
References
Fuman County
Populated places in Gilan Province
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066263
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201999%20Pan%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20100%20metre%20butterfly
|
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 100 metre butterfly
|
The men's 100 metre butterfly competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 3 August at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Mark Henderson of US.
This race consisted of two lengths of the pool, all in butterfly.
Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.
Heats
The first round was held on August 3.
B Final
The B final was held on August 3.
A Final
The A final was held on August 3.
References
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games
|
41066265
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoshknudhan-e%20Pain
|
Khoshknudhan-e Pain
|
Khoshknudhan-e Pain (, also Romanized as Khoshknūdhān-e Pā’īn and Khoshk Now Dehān-e Pā’īn; also known as Arbākaleh, Gushkudagane, Khoshk Nowdahān, Khoshknowdehān, and Khoshk Nowdehān) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,243, in 327 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066268
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kas%20Ahmadan
|
Kas Ahmadan
|
Kas Ahmadan (, also Romanized as Kās Aḩmadān; also known as Kāseh Aḩmadān) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 297, in 69 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066270
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaldeh%2C%20Fuman
|
Kaldeh, Fuman
|
Kaldeh () is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 565, in 170 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066272
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kamamradkh
|
Kamamradkh
|
Kamamradkh (, also Romanized as Kamāmradkh) is a village in Lulaman Rural District, in the Central District of Fuman County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 1,018, in 256 families.
References
Populated places in Fuman County
|
41066290
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geran%2C%20Iran
|
Geran, Iran
|
Geran () in Iran may refer to:
Geran, Gilan (گران - Gerān)
Geran, Hormozgan (گرن - Geran)
Geran, Sistan and Baluchestan (گران - Gerān)
|
41066297
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ariel%20Crossroad%2C%20South%20Carolina
|
Ariel Crossroad, South Carolina
|
Ariel Crossroad is an unincorporated community in Marion County, South Carolina, United States, located at the intersection of US 501 and SC 41, southeast of Marion. West of the Little Pee Dee River, the area is a predominantly farming community. Variant names include: Arial Cross Roads, Arial Crossroads, Arials Crossroads and Ariel Cross Roads.
References
Unincorporated communities in Marion County, South Carolina
Unincorporated communities in South Carolina
|
41066300
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three%20Studies%20of%20Lucian%20Freud
|
Three Studies of Lucian Freud
|
Three Studies of Lucian Freud is a 1969 oil-on-canvas triptych by the Irish-born British painter Francis Bacon, depicting artist Lucian Freud. It was sold in November 2013 for 142.4 million, which at the time was the highest price attained at auction for a work of art when not factoring in inflation. That record was surpassed in May 2015 by Version O of Picasso's Les Femmes d'Alger series.
Background
Bacon and Freud were friends but artistic rivals. Introduced in 1945 by artist Graham Sutherland, they swiftly became close friends who met frequently. The two artists painted each other several times, starting in 1951, when Freud first sat for Bacon. Two full-length triptychs of Freud by Bacon resulted. Three Studies of Lucian Freud is the later of the two; the first one, created in 1966, has not been seen since 1992. They form part of a series of large triptych portraits of Bacon's friends painted in the 1960s; other subjects include Isabel Rawsthorne, Muriel Belcher and his (Bacon's) partner George Dyer. Bacon and Freud's friendship ended after an argument in the mid-1970s.
Description
All three panels, in Bacon's typical abstract, distorted, isolated style, show Freud sitting on a cane-bottomed wooden chair within a cage, on a curved mottled-brown surface with a solid orange background. Behind each figure is a headboard of a bed, originating in a set of photographs of Freud by John Deakin which Bacon used as a reference. Michael Peppiatt writes "Trapped here in a series of Baconian cages, a contorted Freud hovers from panel to panel like a coiled spring about to shoot out of the flat, airless picture plane." The central panel portrays the figure face on, in a pose similar to that Bacon used for George Dyer, his lover. Brett Gorvy of Christie's considers the work to represent "a marriage of the incredibly important people in Bacon's life." The three canvases of the triptych are the same size and are each individually framed. The colouring is brighter than is typical of Bacon's works.
Francis Outred of Christie's describes the 1969 triptych as "a true masterpiece" and "an undeniable icon of 20th Century art" which "marks Bacon and Freud's relationship, paying tribute to the creative and emotional kinship between the two artists." Art historian Ben Street describes the work as "not an A-grade Bacon." It was among Bacon's favourites of his works.
History
The triptych was painted in 1969 at the Royal College of Art in London, where Bacon had a large enough studio to work on three adjacent canvases simultaneously. It was first exhibited in 1970 at the Galleria d'Arte Galatea in Turin, and then was included in a retrospective at the Grand Palais in Paris and the Kunsthalle Düsseldorf in 1971–72. The three panels of the triptych were sold separately in the mid-1970s. Bacon was unhappy that the panels had been split up, writing on a photograph of the left-hand panel that it was "meaningless unless it is united with the other two panels." The panels were held by different collectors until the late 1980s, when one of the original purchasers, a collector from Rome named in some sources as Francesco De Simone Niquesa, reassembled the work. The reassembled triptych was exhibited in the US, at the Yale Center for British Art, New Haven, Connecticut, in 1999, but the entire work was not exhibited in the UK until October 2013.
On 12 November 2013, the triptych sold for 142.4 million (including the buyer's premium) to Elaine Wynn at Christie's New York auction house, nominally becoming the most expensive work of art ever to be sold at auction. When inflation is taken into account, a higher price was reached at the same auction house for Van Gogh's Portrait of Dr. Gachet, which in 1990 sold for $ million current dollars. Bacon's triptych did surpass the constant dollar record of $119.9 million set by the fourth version of Edvard Munch's The Scream in May 2012. The 2013 sale also represents the highest price paid for a work by a British or Irish artist, beating Bacon's Triptych 1976, which fetched $86.3 million in May 2008.
References
1969 paintings
20th-century portraits
Portraits by Francis Bacon
Triptychs
|
41066352
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Khoshknudhan
|
Khoshknudhan
|
Khoshknudhan or Khoshk Nowdahan or Khoshk Nowdehan or Khoshknowdehan () may refer to:
Khoshknudhan-e Bala
Khoshknudhan-e Pain
|
41066359
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle%20Creek%20Enquirer
|
Battle Creek Enquirer
|
The Battle Creek Enquirer is a daily newspaper in Battle Creek, Michigan. The newspaper, owned by the Gannett, is the only daily paper serving Calhoun County, Michigan and parts of four neighboring counties.
In the late 1950s, the Enquirer sponsored the George Award, which was meant to recognize civic-minded citizens.
Beginning Sept. 25, 2023, the paper will be delivered by the U.S. Postal Service instead of by carrier.
References
External links
Calhoun County, Michigan
Gannett publications
Newspapers published in Michigan
|
41066392
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Roberts%20%28electronic%20musician%29
|
John Roberts (electronic musician)
|
John Roberts is an American record producer and electronic musician. He rose to critical acclaim with his debut album Glass Eights in 2010 and his follow-up album Fences, both released by Dial Records.
In 2009, Roberts co-founded the contemporary culture magazine, The Travel Almanac, with fellow musician Paul Kominek. In 2015, he started his own label, Brunette Editions. In 2017, he released a self-titled album under the alias Body Four.
Roberts currently resides in Los Angeles.
Discography
As John Roberts
Studio albums
Glass Eights (2010)
Fences (2013)
Plum (2016)
Can Thought Exist Without The Body (2019)
Wrecked Exotic (2022)
As Body Four
Studio albums
Body Four (2017)
References
External links
John Roberts on Discogs
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
American DJs
American electronic musicians
Musicians from Cleveland
Record producers from Ohio
Electronic dance music DJs
|
41066430
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swimming%20at%20the%201999%20Pan%20American%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Men%27s%20200%20metre%20butterfly
|
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games – Men's 200 metre butterfly
|
The men's 200 metre butterfly competition of the swimming events at the 1999 Pan American Games took place on 6 August at the Pan Am Pool. The last Pan American Games champion was Nelson Mora of Venezuela.
This race consisted of four lengths of the pool, all lengths being in butterfly stroke.
Results
All times are in minutes and seconds.
Heats
The first round was held on August 6.
B Final
The B final was held on August 6.
A Final
The A final was held on August 6.
References
Swimming at the 1999 Pan American Games
|
41066432
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Malaysia%20FAM%20League
|
2014 Malaysia FAM League
|
The 2014 Malaysia FAM League (referred to as the FAM League) is the 62nd season of the Malaysia FAM League since its establishment in 1952. The league is currently the third level football league in Malaysia. Penang are the defending champions and currently play in the second level of Malaysian football, Malaysia Premier League.
Kuantan FA won the league with two matches to spare, their first title in their 2-year FAM League participation, after a 1-1 draw with MOF F.C. on 20 June 2014, while Kuala Lumpur FA clinched second place with one match to spare, after a 2-1 win over Perak YBU F.C. on 25 June 2014. Both teams gain promotion to 2015 Malaysia Premier League as a result.
Teams
The following teams will be participate in the 2014 Malaysia FAM League. In order by the number given by FAM:-
Kuala Lumpur FA (Relegated from 2013 Malaysia Premier League)
MOF F.C. (New Team)
YBU FC
Kuantan FA
Malacca United SA
Shahzan Muda SC
PB Melayu Kedah
Cebagoo FC
Harimau Muda C
Sungai Ara F.C. (New Team)
MISC-MIFA (New Team)
Hanelang F.C. (New Team)
To Malaysia Premier League
Penang FA
PBAPP FC
New Team
MISC-MIFA
MOF F.C.
Sungai Ara
Hanelang
Team Withdrawing
Tumpat FA
Tentera Darat F.A.
NS Betaria FC (Relegated from 2013 Malaysia Premier League)
Team summaries
Stadium
Personnel and kits
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules. Players and Managers may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.
League table
Results
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Season statistics
Top scorers
Own goals
Hat-tricks
See also
2014 Malaysia Super League
2014 Malaysia Premier League
2014 Malaysia Cup
2014 Malaysia FA Cup
References
External links
Football Association of Malaysia
2014
4
|
41066471
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crucero
|
Crucero
|
Crucero is a village () located between Bueno and Pilmaiquén River in Río Bueno commune, southern Chile.
References
Geography of Los Ríos Region
Populated places in Ranco Province
|
41066495
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latin%20Quarter%2C%20Copenhagen
|
Latin Quarter, Copenhagen
|
The Latin Quarter () is a neighbourhood in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It is bounded by Nørregade to the west, Vestergade to the south, Vester Voldgade to the east and Nørre Voldgade to the north. The name refers to the Latin language, which was once widely spoken in and around the University, whose historic home is situated on the other side of Nørregade. Most of the student life has now been relocated to four new campuses but the area is still known for its lively atmosphere with an abundance of boutiques, cafés and night clubs.
History
The area around Our Lady's Square has been a centre for learning and thus use of the Latin language since the Middle Ages. The term Latinerkvarteret was formerly used for a larger area on both sides of the square, including Store Kannikestræde, Krystalgade and Fiolstræde.
In 1208, Bishop Peder Sunesøn founded a Latin school and a body of noble canons in association with the Church of Our Lady. When the University of Copenhagen was founded in 1479, it took over the old town hall and after the Reformation it took over the bishops palace on the north side of Our Lady's Square. The university took over the responsibility for the education of priests while the Our Lady's School survived as Copenhagen's only Latin school. In 1817 it was renamed the Metropolitan School. With the Reformation, Danish replaced Latin as the church's language but Latin remained the dominant language at the University until about 1800.
Streets
Sankt Peders Stræde
Studiestræde
Teglgårdsstræde
Larsbjørnsstræde
Larslejsstræde
Frue Plads
Vestergade
Buildings
The Studiegården Complex consists of Studiegården from 1916, two residences for professors (Studiestræde 6 and Sankt Peder Stræde 5) and the University Annex from 1861.
Founded in 1588, Valkendorfs Kollegium (Sankt Pederstræde 19) is Denmark's oldest hall of residence. The current building is from 1866 and was designed by Christian Frederik Hansen.
Gallery
Literature
Linde, Peter: Latinerkvarteret. Erik Myrdahls Bogtrykkeri. 1949.
References
External links
Local website with historical information, events, etc.
Source
Copenhagen city districts
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41066564
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bowling%20at%20the%202006%20Asian%20Games%20%E2%80%93%20Women%27s%20masters
|
Bowling at the 2006 Asian Games – Women's masters
|
The women's masters competition at the 2006 Asian Games in Doha was held on 9 and 10 December 2006 at Qatar Bowling Centre.
The Masters event comprises the top 16 bowlers (maximum two per country) from the all-events competition.
Schedule
All times are Arabia Standard Time (UTC+03:00)
Results
Preliminary
Stepladder finals
References
Results at ABF Website
External links
Official Website
Women's masters
|
41066566
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rains%2C%20South%20Carolina
|
Rains, South Carolina
|
Rains is an unincorporated community in Marion County, South Carolina, United States. Located along US 501, southeast of Marion. Along the CSX Seaboard Air Line, the area is a predominantly farming community and quarry station.
It was first listed as a CDP in the 2020 census with a population of 242.
Demographics
2020 census
References
Unincorporated communities in Marion County, South Carolina
Unincorporated communities in South Carolina
|
41066575
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faith%20Cabin%20Library%20at%20Anderson%20County%20Training%20School
|
Faith Cabin Library at Anderson County Training School
|
The Faith Cabin Library at Anderson County Training School in Pendleton, South Carolina was one of the 26 Faith Cabin Libraries constructed in South Carolina to offer library services to rural African Americans who were barred from using other library facilities. The one-room, free-standing log cabin with a fieldstone chimney and foundation was built on the grounds of the Anderson County Training School, a Rosenwald School, and paid for by money and timber from the local community.
It was open year-round to serve the community and school until its closure in 1954 when a new equalization school was built nearby. It is currently owned by the Pendleton Community Center.
References
African-American history of South Carolina
Libraries on the National Register of Historic Places in South Carolina
Buildings and structures in Anderson County, South Carolina
National Register of Historic Places in Anderson County, South Carolina
|
41066620
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adam%20Harrington%20%28voice%20actor%29
|
Adam Harrington (voice actor)
|
Adam Harrington (born June 18, 1970) is an American voice actor who has appeared in various video games, often working with developers Telltale Games and Riot Games.
Harrington is most notable and recognizable for his role as Bigby Wolf, the main protagonist of The Wolf Among Us, for which he was nominated for a BAFTA Award for Best Performer.
Filmography
Video games
Live-action
References
External links
1970 births
Living people
American male film actors
American male television actors
American male video game actors
Place of birth missing (living people)
American male voice actors
21st-century American male actors
|
41066638
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Early%20glassmaking%20in%20the%20United%20States
|
Early glassmaking in the United States
|
Evidence for early glassmaking in the United States has been found of glassmaking at the English settlement on Jamestown Island, Virginia. While some glass window panes were made there after 1608, most of the windows had been shipped from England.
The glassmaking business in the United States started when eight Germans (known as "Dutchmen") and Poles arrived as part of the Second supply on board the Mary and Margaret. They used local material: sand in the James River, potash was in the forest and a bed of endless oyster shells which could be burned and ground to make lime. They set up making the first batches of goods exported to England from the New World. The first shipment sent to England was called the trial glass. Most of it was window glass, bottles, vials and plain drinking glasses. The glass factory at Jamestown was believed to be the first manufactory in the United States.
The Glass House Point
The location was near the Jamestown peninsula over a mile from the fort, in a location that was convenient for glassblowing. The Jamestown Glasshouse was situated where the Native Americans used to camp and where the main roads converged, known to the settlers as the Greate Road. The area came to be called Glass House Point. Though this location made the recovery of mineral resources easily accessible, it also made the glassmakers vulnerable to sneak attacks by local tribes. The glass manufactory was controlled exclusively by the Polish glassmakers. The Dutchmen went to Werowocomoco (a Native American village on the York River fifteen miles from Jamestown) in order to build a house for the chief of the Powhatans, and plotted to kill Captain John Smith and steal powders and arms from the settlers. They didn't succeed, and were kicked out of the village when the chief became suspicious of their dealings.
Production
The glassmaking operation required three furnaces with different sizes. The first furnace was for melting the glass, the smaller one for annealing or cooling the finished glass. And an even smaller fritting furnace for preheating the ingredients needed for making the glass. A fourth furnace was erected to fire up the clay pots used in the glassmaking process. The construction of the furnaces was made up of huge boulders rolled out of the river and glued together with mud. A rectangular wood-frame building was constructed to protect the furnaces and the workers from the weather. Overall the glass house was about thirty seven feet wide by fifty feet long, and probably had a high thatched roof and partially open sides with the office situated next to the furnaces.
Archaeological evidence
In 1948, while excavating the foundation of the furnaces, archaeologist Jean Carl Harrington theorized that the workmen probably produced a lot of green glass. The glass was comparable to that produced in England: exhibit showcases, window panes, bottles, and drinking vessels. Glassmaking in the colonies was discontinued in 1609 during the Starving Time. The Virginia Company expected returns; since the glassmaking business was in decline, they ventured to other manufactories.
American production
Glassmaking in America symbolized wealth. Ivor Noël Hume excavated in Virginia and found one fragment of a piece of glass. Most glass was utilitarian with a case of glasses in the parlor quite common. Over 70 percent of Hume's finds were fragments of quatre foil-stemmed glasses. Round bottles assumed a more squat shape. Glass was not universal in most households. Many wealthy colonists had little to no glass in their households. According to his records, a Ralph Fisbourn died in Chester, Pennsylvania in 1708 with an estate of £1,762; his only glass possessions were a few bottles.
American glass factories were founded first in New York in 1732 and then in South Jersey by Caspar Wistar in 1739. The 1730s saw an increasing variety of products. Boston merchants advertised wine glasses, jelly glasses, syllabubs, decanters, sugar pots, barrel cans, punch bowls, bird fountains, and candlesticks. Merchants also offered japanned glassware. "For those who did buy taste in the newest styles, drinking glasses were the inverted baluster type (popular in England from 1720 to about 1735) or the later drawn stem glass (1730–1745)." Both types have been found in Virginia. Wealth and fashion did not dictate an elaborate collection of glass, for the Reverend Ebenezer Thayer who died in nearby Roxbury less than a year later had £137 worth of silver. But his only glass was some salts in the parlor.
Style
The style of glassmaking changed by 1746 when the government passed the Glass Excise Bill, which taxed glass by weight; beginning in 1751 advertisements in a Boston newspaper made a reference to "new fashion" glass. Usually the phrase referred to the air twist stemmed glass or "wormed wine glasses" that had first been advertised in the Boston market in 1746. By 1761, glasses and decanters were also engraved or "flowered". Glassmakers worked diligently to provide special glasses for specific purposes, and inevitably only the well-to-do could afford a full array of forms. The inventory of Governor Francis Fauquier's glass is revealing, when the former Governor of Virginia died in 1768, he left: 5 beer glasses, 5 champagne glasses, 14 water glasses, 55 wine glasses, 59 syllabub glasses, 69 jelly glasses, 23 glass salvers, 15 decanters and 8 cruets. He also had three sets of salvers that made up into large pyramids; the largest pyramid was valued at £15. Such pyramids were advertised in the Boston press in 1772.
During the Federal Period, after the American Revolutionary War, Americans adopted new European styles. During the Revolutionary period, decoration was minimal. Although the American glass industry was making a strong beginning, considerable quantities were still imported. Cut glass, made in England since the 1720s, was advertised in Baltimore as early as 1786, gaining popularity toward the end of the period, though imports from Britain still dominated the American market. American production of blown three-mold glass began during the War of 1812. Glassmakers Henry William Stiegel and John Frederick Amelung had both tried to produce elaborate, fine table glass rivaling the European imports and both failed because there was not yet a market for the work they produced.
European influences
Many of the glassmakers who worked in American factories were from England and their designs bore a resemblance to that of European designs. European cut glass influenced the patterns of American cut glass until 1880. Phillip McDonald designed the "Russian" pattern for T.G. Hawkes & Company of Corning, New York; from this point on American cut glass wares became richer in design and quality of both workmanship and glass. John S. O'Connor's "Parisian" patterns - the first cut glass designs to utilize a curved line in cutting - greatly influenced American designs thereafter, because most of the cutting had been straight lines.
Manufactures across the mid colonies
Since the Anglo-American War of 1812 had stopped the importation of fine cut glass from abroad, American factories progressed in the making of flint glass. Glassworks such as the South Boston Crown Glass Company manufactured flint glass in South Boston. Another flint glass manufacturer, the New England Glass Company, was established in 1818. Glassmakers often worked for a number of companies; many split off to form their own glassworks. The glassmaking business could be risky; many glassworks closed after only a few years in business due to labor or financial troubles.
The Bay State Glass Company was established in East Cambridge, Massachusetts in 1857, and advertised products such as cut flint glassware and engraved glass. However, the firm dissolved only a few years later in 1863. The Boston and Sandwich Glass Company in Sandwich, Massachusetts produced a considerable quantity of fine cut glassware after 1826, but closed in 1888 due to troubles with a newly formed glassmakers' union. In Meriden, Connecticut, Parker and Casper opened a glass cutting shop in 1867. They manufactured decanters, caster bottles, and sugar, salt and mustard glass liners until the shop closed in 1869.
References
Further reading
External links
Jamestown and New Jersey - University of Central Florida History Department
History of glass
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41066643
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Generation%20Cryo
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Generation Cryo
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Generation Cryo is an American reality television series that premiered on November 25, 2013, on MTV. Generation Cryo chronicles 17-year-old Breeanna who discovered her 15 half-siblings via the Donor Sibling Registry. Breeanna and her 15 siblings were conceived via sperm donors. While connecting with her half-brothers and sisters, Breeanna gets everyone together to search for their biological father.
Cast
Breeanna
Jonah and Hilit
Jayme and Jesse
Paige, Molly, and Will
Jesse
Episodes
References
2010s American reality television series
2013 American television series debuts
2013 American television series endings
English-language television shows
MTV reality television series
Television series about teenagers
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41066648
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inferno%20Crater%20Lake
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Inferno Crater Lake
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Inferno Crater Lake is a large hot spring located in the Waimangu Volcanic Rift Valley on the North Island of New Zealand, and the largest geyser-like feature in the world. The actual geyser is not visible, as it plays underwater at the bottom of the lake, however, fumaroles are visible on the lake's shore and the rock wall behind it.
The water temperature in the lake shifts from every six weeks, with acidity up to pH 2.2, and lake levels that vary up to , following a complicated 38-day cycle that includes an overflow stage. White silica deposits grow up to the overflow level, and the lake's colour is a result of finely divided silica suspended in the water. At low water levels the lake can be a dull grey colour, changing to an intensely sky blue colour at higher lake levels, in particular after the overflow stage.
Inferno Crater was blasted out of the side of the locally prominent Mt Haszard as part of the 1886 Mount Tarawera eruption, which opened several craters along a rift stretching southwest from Mount Tarawera to the nearby Southern Crater. Inferno Crater's trumpet-shaped lake bed is up to deep when the lake is full, which is also when it reaches its highest temperature.
Since 1901 the lake occupying Inferno Crater has exhibited water-level variations closely associated with the Waimangu Geyser cycle. Inferno Crater Lake and its neighbouring Frying Pan Lake form a unique relationship and follow an interconnected rhythmic cycle of hydrology variations repeating itself over the course of roughly 38 days. When the water level and temperature of Inferno Crater Lake increase, the water level and outflow of Frying Pan Lake decrease. Comparable cyclic activity is unknown in other hydrothermal systems in the world.
The system has been the subject of studies since monitoring equipment was installed in the area in 1970. Four distinct phases can be recognised in its cycle: First, the lake level rises steadily from its lowest level by a total of almost over the course of eight days, and then it commences oscillating. The average lake level keeps rising over the course of the oscillations of the second phase until it reaches overflow level. At that point, the lake's volume has increased by .
Next, the lake overflows for about 51 hours at a rate of almost , discharging on average of over hot water down a temporary overflow stream into Waimangu Stream in the valley below. The last stage sees the lake recede to its low level over the last 13 days of the cycle, its water temperature also falling to the low point. During that stage, around of water drain back under Mt Haszard.
Inferno Crater Lake is accessible via a side track with 50 steps off the main Waimangu walking track. It is one of three lakes filling craters created in the vicinity during the 1886 event.
References
Rotorua Lakes District
Hot springs of New Zealand
Okataina Volcanic Centre
Landforms of the Bay of Plenty Region
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41066649
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Formula%20Masters%20China
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2014 Formula Masters China
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The 2014 Formula Masters China season was the fourth season of the Formula Pilota China series, and the second under the Formula Masters China branding. The championship commenced on 10 May at Zhuhai in China and finished on 21 October at Shanghai in China after eighteen races held at six meetings.
Driving for Cebu Pacific Air by KCMG, James Munro of New Zealand finished the season as the drivers' champion, finishing 28 points clear of his closest rival, Hong Kong's Matthew Solomon, driving for Eurasia Motorsport. Munro started the season strongly, taking six successive wins at the first Zhuhai meeting and the first Shanghai meeting, as well as the opening race at Inje Speedium. Solomon hit back with a streak of his own, with four wins at Inje and Sepang; Munro finished behind him in three of the races, and ultimately went on to win eight races to Solomon's five at the end of the season. Dan Wells of Great Britain – and team-mate to Munro – finished third in the championship, ten points in arrears of Solomon, taking a total of twelve podiums during the season, but it took him until the final four races to take his two wins for the seasons; these wins came at the second Zhuhai and Shanghai meetings.
The only other driver to take a victory during the season was Meritus.GP driver Jake Parsons, who took three victories en route to fourth place in the championship despite only competing in the second half of the season. He took seven podium finishes in his ten starts in the 2014 season. In the teams' championship, Cebu Pacific Air by KCMG were comfortable winners of the title, due to the results of Munro, Wells and Matthew Swanepoel.
Teams and drivers
Race calendar and results
A provisional race calendar was released on 25 October 2013. An updated race calendar was released on 29 January 2014, which dropped the round at Penbay and rescheduled the Sepang round to August as a support round to GT Asia.
Notes
Championship standings
Drivers' championship
Points for both championships were awarded as follows:
† – Drivers did not finish the race, but were classified as they completed over 75% of the race distance.
Teams' championship
References
External links
Formula Masters China seasons
Formula Masters China season
Formula Masters China season
Masters China
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41066666
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Eye%20Tribe
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The Eye Tribe
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The Eye Tribe was a Danish startup company that produced eye tracking technology and was selling it to software developers for them to incorporate the eye tracking device into their applications and programs. The Eye Tribe's software allowed a user to direct a smart phone, tablet, or computer with just the look of an eye. The company focused on a sleek appearance and a portable structure.
History
Sune Alstrup Johansen (CEO), Javier San Agustin, Martin Tall (CTO), and Henrik Skovsgaard are the four founders of the company started in 2011. The four men met in 2006 at the IT University of Copenhagen. The four quickly found their ambition to create eye-tracking technology at an affordable cost, and soon took the rights and ownership for their ideas from the university where they were working and created their start-up company. The men named the company “Senseye”, until later changing their name to “The Eye Tribe”.
The company started to take off in 2011 when The Eye Tribe participated in the European Startup Bootcamp accelerator program. After the StartupBootcamp, the company started to make its mark and become more well known, earning a spot in the “Cool Vendors in Human-Machine Interface, 2012” report by Gartner Inc. among five other companies. Later in 2012, The Eye Tribe received US$2.3 million from the Danish National Advanced Technology Foundation and another million from private European investors. The Eye Tribe is also leading a US$4.4 million government-funded project, making it the major project for developing eye tracking for hand-held devices. On December 12, 2016, The Eye Tribe sent an email to its customer list, informing them that they "decided to go in a different direction with their technology and stopped development of their products." On 29 December Facebook bought the company for its Oculus division in order to incorporate the technology in Vr gaming.
Technology
, The Eye Tribe was getting ready to send out the first shipments of their eye tracking technology. The Eye Tribe has broken the record for smallest eye tracker device in the world, measuring in at 20 × 1.9 × 1.9 cm. Also, the eye tracker does not require a separate power source, making it even more portable. The device uses a USB 3.0 connection, which allows it to run with most computers and tablets. The Eye Tribe is compatible with Microsoft Windows 7 or newer and OS X, but the company is in the process of working on support for other major platforms, such as Android.
They are selling the device to developers with a simple software development kit using C++, C# and Java programming platforms.
The main components of the Eye Tribe tracker are a camera and a high-resolution infrared LED, which can easily be set up in a cell phone or mobile device. The Eye Tribe's device uses a camera to track the user's eye movement. The camera tracks even the most minuscule of movements of the users’ pupils, by taking the images and running them through computer-vision algorithms. The algorithms read “on-screen gaze coordinates” and help the software to then determine where on the screen the user is looking. The algorithms also work with the hardware, camera sensor and light, to enhance the users’ experiences in many different kinds of light settings and environment, although the device works best indoors.
Before using the eye tracking device, a calibration is needed in order for the device to find a user's pupils and identify unique eye characteristics needed to help enhance the accuracy of tracking one's gaze. The tracker has an average accuracy of about 0.5 degree of visual angle and can identify and follow the movement of an eye with sub millimeter precision, which is around the size of a fingertip.
Uses
The Eye Tribe Company is developing their eye tracking device in hopes that sometime in the near future many products, such as smart phones, tablets, and computers, will carry Eye Tribe's software. The company's goal is for their eye tracking technology to become a household item and a common feature on most devices.
From their demos, The Eye Tribe makes it clear that they hope their technology will become versatile, used for many things from games to working, from browsing the web to security. A game most often used in their demos is Fruit Ninja, an application on most smart phones (used in iPhones and androids). The game usually uses a touch screen to slice fruit, but with eye tribe technology, the gamer would just look at the screen and use their gaze to play. Eye Tribe is working with other application designers to integrate their technology into other games for pleasure.
The Eye Tribe Company often demonstrates how their software works in their demos by showing someone scrolling down a web page by just staring at the screen. It exemplifies how the device can be hands-free when needed, making it easy and quick to read and browse the web. An example would be when you are watching a how-to video, you can pause it or rewind with your eyes, because your hands are too busy.
Another example of eye tracking is security. Users can set a gaze-operated password, where they would have to look at certain parts of the screen in order to unlock the device. Some would argue that this is a more efficient and secure way to lock their devices.
Closing down
On December 12, 2016, The Eye Tribe sent the following email to their customers:
An Update From The Eye TribeThank you for supporting The Eye Tribe and ordering the world’s first truly affordable eye tracker. It is customers like you that have helped us get to where we are today.Unfortunately, we’ve decided to go in a different direction with our technology and will stop development of our products. We thought you should hear this news directly from us. We thank you for the time you’ve spent in discussions.-The Eye Tribe TeamA similar email was sent to the users of their Eyeproof service:
An Update From EyeProofAfter several years of providing online eye tracking analysis, we are announcing that we are wrapping up EyeProof. On January 31st 2017 we will shut down our service and delete all data. No user data, account information, stimuli or recordings will be kept after this point.We want to make this closing as smooth as possible for everyone who uses EyeProof. If you have an active account you are able to download all your data before the closing date. We kindly ask you to navigate to the export section, which can be found on the right-side panel, for each of your studies and manually export your data and screenshots. The EyeProof documentation has a section explaining the different fields for the raw data, fixations, AOIs and area transitions for each resource: http://beta.eyeproof.net/docs/#exportAll the best and thank you for supporting EyeProof and contributing to the eye tracking community.Happy tracking!The EyeProof TeamThere wasn't any further explanation provided as to the reason, or if any support would be available to those who already purchased their eye tracking device. After the announcement, the company's website (theeyetribe.com) was taken down, and email sent to their support bounced back. A slightly different version of the company website was put back online a few days later, lacking any mention of the company ceasing operations. Neither the blog nor the website has any mentions of the ceasing of operations the company's customers had been notified of, leaving some uncertainty about the company's status or future.
Acquisition
It was reported recently that Oculus VR (owned by Facebook) acquired Eye Tribe and all of the employees and assets.
References
Software companies of Denmark
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41066674
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stavang
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Stavang
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Stavang is a village in Kinn Municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The village is located on the mainland at the mouth of the Førdefjorden, where it empties into the Brufjorden, about straight southeast of the town of Florø. The islands of Stavøya, Askrova, and Svanøya lie off the coast of Stavang to the north, west, and southwest, respectively. The village was the administrative centre of the old municipality of Bru which existed from 1923 until 1964. The village is the site of Stavang Church which was built in 1957.
References
Villages in Vestland
Kinn
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41066690
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TASER%20X2%20Defender
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TASER X2 Defender
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The Taser X2 is one of the less-lethal conducted electrical weapon (CEW) models that is used by law enforcement agencies and by civilians as a use for self-defense. It was created by TASER International, Inc. in 2011 after their popular X26 model and the similar but bulkier and heavier X3. The X2 Defender, unlike previous CEWs, can shoot two cartridges and is semi-automatic.
Function
The X2 Defender is a projectile weapon that works by firing two electrically charged probes that pierce through the clothes of a target, creating neuromuscular incapacitation (NMI) of the body. The X2 can hold up to two replaceable cartridges, each holding two probes. Each "Smart Cartridge" has a circuit board that activates the cartridge to shoot out the two probes with gas pressure when it receives a signal. Unlike early CEWs, the main function of the X2 Defender does not operate under the principle of pain compliance so even people with high pain tolerance cannot resist the effects of the CEW, but if that does not work there is a backup function that enables a Drive-Stun mode in which the electric current does follow the principle of pain compliance and physically forces the target to submit. The X2 is used somewhat like a handheld pistol. They both have a similar design, and have similar features like a trigger, a safety lock, and aiming sights.
Safety
With a 600 ohm test load, the X2 Defender applies a variable voltage peaking at approximately 2000V, corresponding to a peak current of 3.3A. The widely quoted 50kV specification is an open circuit voltage and is not applied to a target in use. To ensure safe handling, the electric current only lasts a maximum of 5 seconds for every activation and the weapon can be equipped with a video camera and a data recorder. The electrical circuit is powerful enough to disrupt the sensory and motor nerves of a target, but was deemed safe by engineers associated with Taser International. General safety concerns and incidents have drawn criticism to all CEWs in use since they were made. CEWs can cause people to die in accidents where targets fall.
Taser safety issues
Braidwood Inquiry
Specifications
The X2 has an effective range of 4.6 m (15 ft). The operating temperature range and storage temperature range is -4 °F (-20 °C) to 122 °F (50 °C). The X2 Defender’s dimensions with the battery pack (length x width x height) are 7.8″ (19.8 cm) x 1.7″ (4.3 cm) x 4.2″ (10.7 cm) and it weighs 454 grams with two full battery cartridges.
Law enforcement use
The X26 and M26 models were the first advanced TASER models commonly used by law enforcement, and the X2 and X3 models came after and are increasingly being used because of their advanced semi-automatic feature. In a large metropolitan police department over a three-year study (2002–2004), the estimated success of an effective TASER incapacitation and arrest was 85 percent out of all TASER uses. Police agencies use CEWs so much because they seem to be overall safer to use while bringing a suspect into custody. The Police Executive Research Forum has found that the use of CEWs has significantly reduced suspect and officer injuries for situations where the use of force was necessary. Not all police agencies are run the same, but most of them use CEWs.
There have been many incidents that have brought major concern and criticism about police officers misusing CEWs. They were either caused by accidents that occurred while the use of force was necessary, or by police officers using CEWs at an event where it was unnecessary.
Robert Dziekański Taser incident
University of Florida Taser incident
UCLA Taser incident
References
Non-lethal weapons
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41066691
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Britannica%20Party
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Britannica Party
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Britannica was a far-right political party, led by Charles Baillie, the former organiser of the British National Party's Glasgow branch. It was first registered in August 2011.
The party was formed by Baillie when he, along with other leading members of the BNP in Scotland, was expelled for plotting against the then party leader, Nick Griffin. It is, in essence, the core of the BNP Glasgow branch, including Max Dunbar (treasurer and former treasurer of BNP Glasgow), Jean Douglas and Martin Clark. John Robertson, the BNP "security officer" for the Highlands & Islands, is also a member.
The party has been mostly inactive since 2014, and was de-registered as a political party in November 2020.
Electoral performance
The party stood four candidates at the 2012 Glasgow City Council election, receiving a total of 73 votes. It also stood at three council by-elections in Glasgow, in Hillhead (17 November 2011, 11 votes), Govan (10 October 2013, 19 votes) and Shettleston (5 December 2013, 31 votes).
It registered with the Electoral Commission as campaigning for a "No" vote in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum.
The party does not appear to have grown, but its accounts have been regularly filed with the Electoral Commission, showing income for 2015 and 2016 respectively of 4p and 3p, with the only expenditure in both years being the annual £50 registration fee to the Commission.
References
Far-right political parties in the United Kingdom
Defunct political parties in Scotland
2011 establishments in the United Kingdom
Political parties established in 2011
Politics of Glasgow
British National Party breakaway groups
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41066695
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers%20for%20Life
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Brothers for Life
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Brothers for Life, also Brothers 4 Life was a Middle Eastern crime gang, active in south-western suburbs of Sydney, Australia. They came to public prominence largely from internal disputes between the Bankstown chapter and the Blacktown chapter that resulted in a number of shootings in October 2012 to February 2014 that killed two members. Several other gang members were seriously injured. At least one uninvolved person was injured during a shooting. In October 2020, and June 2021 two other people related to the BFL leader, Bassam Hamzy, were killed in shootings.
Operation Apollo and Operation Talon were the police operations to deal with the gang.
History
Legal authorities first heard of BFL in May 2007 from notes found in the Lithgow Gaol cell of Bassam Hamzy, the leader of the gang and a convicted murderer. The gang began in the Bankstown-Greenacre area as a loose association of several other gangs. Brothers 4 Life came to public prominence largely from internal disputes between the Lebanese Australian Bankstown chapter and the Afghan Australian Blacktown chapter. Hamzy is incarcerated at the Goulburn Correctional Centre in the Supermax section.
2012 shootings
The gang's activities came to a head on 1 October 2012 when two members Yehye Amood, 27; and Bassim Hijazi, 32; were shot. Amood died after being hit eight times. Hijazi fled to Lebanon while refusing to assist police investigations into the shooting.
On 8 October 2012 a BFL member, Khaled Khalil, was knee-capped at Yagoona by fellow gang members.
On 17 October 2012 a drive-by shooting targeted a home in Winston Hills that was allegedly linked to BFL members.
2013 shootings
On 9 February 2013 at Bass Hill another unnamed BFL member was knee-capped. In an important breakthrough this person became a police informant known as 'Witness A'.
On 19 February two BFL members were arrested. Michael Odisho, 28, and Faoud Ekermawi, 35, were arrested in connection with the shooting in Winston Hills in October 2012, and the Bass Hill kneecapping in February 2013. This was a result of information from Witness A.
On 9 March in Auburn, Maha Hamze, the aunt of BFL leader Bassam Hamzy, was shot eight times in the legs through the front door of her home. 28 cartridge cases were recovered by police. It is believed the shooting was a payback over a demand for a debt recovery fee of $5,000 that the woman's son, , made to another man's mother. That man asked Bassam Hamzy to collect a $20,000 debt, which was done by , who later approached the man's mother at her MMarrickville home demanding the fee. A 28-year-old man was charged on 16 May with "shooting Maha Hamze with intent to kill". On 28 October 2014 the man, unnamed for legal reasons, was found guilty in the District Court of New South Wales of the attempted murder of Hamze. He was due to be sentenced on 18 December. In June 2021, Bilal Hamze was shot dead.
On 25 July 2013 in Dunmore Street, Wentworthville, shots were fired at two people Ashkan Rajabi and Bilal Hamze in a car parked outside a swimming pool.
On 2 August shots were fired at a dwelling in Lignite Place, Eagle Vale.
Just after midnight on 29 October in Bardo Circuit, Revesby Heights, another BFL member, Mahmoud Hamzy, 27, was shot dead. Mahmoud Hamzy was a cousin of Bassam Hamzy. In the same shooting Omar Ajaj, 24, also a BFL member, was wounded. Mahmoud's cousin Mohammed Hamzy was also present but escaped through the back door. On 27−28 October 2014, five BFL members were arrested and charged with Hamzys' murder.
Less than a week later on 3 November at Winston Hills, previously arrested BFL member Michael Odisho was shot several times. Before BFL, Odisho was a member of the Assyrian Kings gang.
On 4 November in Sunnyholt Road, Blacktown, a 13-year-old girl was wounded by shotgun pellets. Her brother Masood Zakaria, a BFL member, is alleged to have been the target.
On 7 November three BFL Bankstown chapter members, Abdul Abu-Mahmoud, Hassan Souied and Khalil Khalil, were in a car outside the Chokolatta Cafe in Bankstown when four members of the gangs' Blacktown chapter allegedly shot at them in a drive-by shooting. Four men were arrested in Parramatta about 40 minutes after the shooting. On 11 November Sarkhel Rokhzayi, 22, Mobin Marzei and Wahed Karimi, both 18, and Jamil Qaumi, 20, were charged in Burwood Court. A total of 72 charges were laid against the four, including attempted murder and firing a sawn-off shotgun. Amanda Crowe, 27, was also charged with "wounding with intent to kill" in relation to the Cafe shooting. Other charges laid against her were: "knowingly directing activities" of the B4L, and participating in a criminal group. She was released on 1.3 million bail, before being re-arrested at her home in Dulwich Hill in 2014 on 27 October. She had additional charges laid of: the murder of Mahmoud Hamzy; conspiring to murder Mohammed Hamzy; and wounding Ajaj. It was alleged in Burwood Local Cort that Crowe drove the white Nissan Tiida carrying the three gunmen who killed Mohammed Hamzy.
On 16 December, Joe Antoun, a standover man, was shot dead at his home in Jersey Road, Strathfield. Antoun answered a knock on his front door and was shot several times. Vasko Boskovski, his business partner was killed at Earlwood months before in a similar shooting. On 27 October 2014, two of four BFL members, already in custody for the killing of Mahmoud Hamzy and the Chokolatta Cafe shooting, were also charged with murder over the Antoun shooting.
2014 shootings
In the early hours of 1 January (New Year's Day) a BFL member Farhad Qaumi, 31, was shot in Rose Bay, Sydney. He was on board the charter yacht Oscar II as it was pulling into a wharf when the vessel was shot at multiple times. Qaumi was treated at St Vincent's Hospital for a shoulder wound but discharged himself. He refused to cooperate with police. Media reports indicated "at least 18 holes" in the vessel.
On 11 March in Auburn in a drive-by shooting, five shots were fired into a fence and car outside the home of BFL member Omar Ajaj. At the time Ajaj was in jail.
On 11 December in Auburn at about 8.30pm, Bassam Hamzys mother Lola Hamzy was shot through her home’s front door. She was taken to Westmead Hospital, where she underwent emergency surgery.
2020 shooting
Mejid Hamzy, younger brother of Bassam Hamzy, was killed during what police believe was a targeted daylight shooting in Condell Park on 19 October 2020.
2021 shootings
On 17 June in Sydney's CBD at about 10:25pm, Bilal Hamze was killed in a drive-by shooting on Bridge Street near Mr Wongs restaurant. It was reported that the gunman fled the scene in a dark-coloured Audi.
On 20 October in Guildford, Sydney, at about 8:55am, Salim Hamze and Toufik Hamze were killed in a double shooting on Osgood Street.
Police action
Arrests
On 7 November 2013 police arrested ten members of BFL.
Nick Kaldas, New South Wales Deputy Police Commissioner said:
Strike Force formed
At the end of 2013 MEOC formed 'Strike Force Sitella' to investigate numerous shootings and related crimes from July to November 2013.
Legislation
On 30 January 2014 legislation was tabled in the New South Wales Parliament to have anyone wearing the insignia and symbols used by BFL banned from entering licensed premises (pubs or clubs) in Kings Cross. The bill extends existing legislation that already banned members of 22 outlaw motorcycle clubs if they wore "any clothing, jewellery or accessory" or "any image, symbol, abbreviation, acronym or other form of writing that indicates membership of, or an association with, any of the organisations specified", by adding "Brothers 4 Life" and "Outlaws" to the banned list.
Charges
2013
Omar Ajaj has been charged with the murder of Yeyah Amood, and with discharging a firearm with intent to cause grievous bodily harm in relation to the knee-capping in Yagoona.
Mahmoud Sanoussi, 28, was also remanded in custody over the Yagoona knee-capping.
2014
On 21 January 2014, two men were charged with the murder of Joe Antoun. A 25 year old, Navid Khalili is alleged to have committed the murder. 24 year old Kasim Ali Khan allegedly planned the killing, and drove the car used. Both are believed by police to be BFL members.
On 6 February 2014 a man accused of being the leader of the Bankstown branch of BFL was charged by MEOC detectives with: "Possess prohibited firearm; Aggravated break and enter (special circumstances); Fire at dwelling house, and Direct criminal group." All charges related to the shooting at Lignite Place, Eagle Vale, on 2 August 2013.
On 14 July 2014 Nazir Akbari and Ashkan Rajabi was charged with "discharging a firearm with intent to cause grievous bodily harm" and "firing a firearm in a public place." He was already in jail on other matters. On the same day six other B4L members were charged over the October 2013 home invasion. Farhad Quami, 31, Mumtaz Quami, 29, Navid Khalili, 25, Fazal Bari, 24, Mobin Mirzaei, 22, and Jamil Quami, 22, 24 Afshin Rajabi were all charged with "discharging a firearm with intent to cause grievous bodily harm" and weapons offences. All were also charges with serious animal cruelty. The charges were laid by MEOCS detectives from Strike Force Sitella
On 27 October four people; Amanda Crowe, 32; Fahed Quami, and his brothers Mumtaz, and Jamil, 22, were charged in Burwood Court with murder in connection with the 27 October 2013 shooting of Mahmoud Hamzy. In addition Farhad and Mumtaz were also charged with the 21 January 2014 shooting murder of Joe Antoun.
Convictions
In April 2016 Michael Odisho was found guilty of involvement in the February 2013 knee-capping at Bass Hill of another B4L member. The police alleged "...he handled the gun used in the shooting, loading it and then passing it on...". He was convicted on three counts of reckless wounding and gun possession. Odisho was due to be sentenced in June 2016.
On 28 February 2017 brothers Farhad and Mumtaz Qaumi were convicted of the contract murder of standover man Joe Antoun on 16 December 2013 at his home in Strathfield, Sydney.
References
External links
Brothers 4 Life - their undoing exposed Matthew Benns and Mark Morri The Daily Telegraph 9 November 2013
Gangs in Australia
Organised crime in Sydney
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41066711
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Game%20of%20Life%20%28disambiguation%29
|
The Game of Life (disambiguation)
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The Game of Life, also known as Life, is an 1860 board game by Milton Bradley.
Game of Life also often refers to:
Conway's Game of Life, in mathematics, a cellular automaton
Game of Life or The Game of Life may also refer to:
Games
Jinsei Game, the 1967 Japanese version of the board game
The Game of Life Card Game, a 2002 card game based on the board game
The Game of Life/Yahtzee/Payday, a 2005 video game based on the board game
The Game of Life: Twists & Turns, a 2007 board game variant of the original game
Other
Game of Life (film) (2007, 2011), a film originally titled Oranges
The Game of Life (TV programme), a 1986 ABC programme
"The Game of Life", a song by Scorpions from their album Humanity: Hour I
The Game of Life (1922 film), a 1922 film by G. B. Samuelson
The Game of Life (album), a 2007 music album by Arsonists Get All the Girls
The Game of Life (book), a 1925 book by Florence Scovel Shinn
Da Game of Life (film), a 1998 direct-to-video short film starring Snoop Dogg
Da Game of Life, a 2001 rap music album by Totally Insane
See also
Evolution: The Game of Intelligent Life
Life simulation game
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41066713
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2014%20Florida%20Amendment%202
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2014 Florida Amendment 2
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Florida Amendment 2, Use of Marijuana for Certain Medical Conditions, is an initiative that appeared on the November 4, 2014, ballot in the state of Florida as a citizen initiated state constitutional amendment.
It was officially certified by the state's secretary of state to appear on the 2014 November ballot and numbered Amendment 2, not to be confused with the 2008 ban on same-sex marriage of the same name. If it had been enacted, the measure would have allowed for the cultivation, purchase, possession and use of medical cannabis to treat certain medical conditions when recommended by a licensed physician. The amendment was introduced by People United for Medical Marijuana on March 26, 2009. As of 2014, twenty-three states and the District of Columbia have already passed legislation allowing doctors to recommend the medicinal use of marijuana thereby legalizing a patients possession and use. After the amendment failed, in 2016 a similar amendment passed.
2014 gubernatorial politics
The ballot measure was expected to have a significant impact on the 2014 governor's race, as the state's governor will be elected the same day the measure is voted on and both leading candidates have directly opposing views on the issue. Gubernatorial candidate, former governor, and Morgan & Morgan employee Charlie Crist(D) supported by donating a large sum of his own money to the effort, while the incumbent governor Rick Scott (R) is opposed to it.
Attorney General Pam Bondi lead an effort to keep the measure off the ballot, ultimately failing when the state's Supreme Court ruled in favor of the proposed ballot measure. Bondi, backed by Rick Scott, filed suit to prevent the proposed constitutional amendment from appearing on the ballot. This is the third citizen backed initiative to amend the Florida Constitution to allow for the medical use of cannabis however, several "hail-mary passes" which consisted of filing legal challenges with seconds remaining on the clock have successfully kept this matter off the ballot for years. Court documents alleged each year that the proposed amendment failed to meet the rules of statutory construction regarding vagueness and violated the single subject matter rule. A citizens for compassion petition for a proposed amendment to the Florida Constitution on the matter of decriminalizing the medicinal use of cannabis was drafted with a simplified statement using elementary language and petitioners began gathering the requisite minimum number of voter signatures well in advance of the deadline in order to preemptively place the proposed ballot language before the Court anticipating the inevitable legal challenge. Under Florida's Constitution Florida's Supreme Court has ultimate authority and jurisdiction over proposed state constitutional amendment approval. Florida's top court ruled, in a split decision, that the language of the proposed amendment was not unconstitutionally vague nor confusing and the proposed amendment specifically addressed only one subject matter as required under the Florida Constitution and will be placed before the voters. The Court used not so subtle cues by citing the rules of review from an advisory opinion titled "Advisory Op. to Att'y Gen. re Right to Treatment & Rehab. for Non-Violent Drug Offenses", finding, "This Court has traditionally applied a deferential standard of review to the validity of a citizen initiative petition and "has been reluctant to interfere" with "the right of self-determination for all Florida's citizens" to formulate "their own organic law."
Supporters
Kim Russell, founder of People United for Medical Marijuana, said that she began legalization efforts shortly after her father was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Some research claims that the drug can help alleviate the symptoms. In response to claims that politics is the motivating factor, Russell says, "It's freedom and it's also compassion." Supporters are widespread and include some notable public figures, the Florida Cannabis Action Network and John Morgan, head of the Morgan & Morgan law firm. Respected members of society have acknowledged the viable need for this legislation even admitting publicly to assisting loved ones to obtain medical marijuana including last sessions Florida State Senate President, Don Gaetz.
Opposition
Opponents include Sheldon Adelson, a Nevada Billionaire who donated $2.5 million to the Drug Free America Foundation, which is a political committee that helped defeat the measure.
Path to the ballot
In order to qualify for the 2014 ballot supporters are required to collect a minimum of 683,149 valid signatures by the petition drive deadline on February 1, 2014.
Supporters reported in August 2013 that they had collected at least 110,000 signatures, enough to trigger a ruling by the Supreme Court of Florida on the measure's constitutionality. Because of the cost of circulating petitions, supporters said they were pausing all petitioning activity until the measure gained the court's approval.
The language in the measure was later approved for the ballot by the Florida Supreme Court on January 27, 2014. Florida Attorney General Pam Bondi had been litigating against the measure in court. An opinion against it was also filed by the Florida Legislature.
A multi-institutional study by Penn Medicine published in JAMA Internal Medicine, supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01DA032110, R25DA023021) and the Center for AIDS Research at the Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Montefiore Medical Center (NIH AI-51519), found that on average, states allowing the medical use of marijuana have lower rates of overdose caused deaths from opioid analgesics, such as OxyContin, Percocet and Vicodin than states without compassionate use medical marijuana laws. Researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania reviewed rates of death caused by opioid overdoses between 1999 and 2010. Results of the research reflect that on average, the (then 13) states with laws permitting medical use of cannabis reported an opioid overdose mortality rate at 24.8 percent lower after the compassionate use laws were enacted than those states without compassionate use laws. Implications of the findings may be the best evidence of the claims long made by proponents of medical marijuana use whose previous arguments were largely supported by anecdotal evidence due to the FDA ban inhibiting research. Long term benefits may be even greater where the study revealed that over time the relationship was even more apparent, as deaths attributed to opioid overdose were nearly 20 percent lower in the first year after a state's medical use law was implemented, and opioid overdose deaths continued to decrease to 33.7 percent lower five years after implementation of medicinal use laws. The study provides irrefutable evidence using a discrete data set (state), with a clear variable (with or without medicinal cannabis use), and a measurable mortality rate may provide the proof that cannabis is a safer medication for those patients with chronic pain such as that endured by cancer patients.
A poll conducted by Quinnipiac University and released on July 28, 2014, indicated that 88 percent of Florida's voters favor legalization of medical marijuana.
Result
Amendment 2 failed, receiving 57.6% of the vote. This was short of the 60% supermajority required for constitutional amendments in Florida.
See also
Legality of cannabis
References
External links
Right To Marijuana For Treatment Of Certain Medical Diseases And Conditions(status and summary)
Right To Marijuana For Treatment Of Certain Medical Diseases And Conditions(text)
People United for Medical Marijuana
Florida Cannabis Action Network
2014 Florida elections
Articles containing video clips
Cannabis law in Florida
2014 cannabis law reform
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41066718
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve%20Roggenbuck
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Steve Roggenbuck
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Steve Roggenbuck (born November 11, 1987) is an American poet, blogger, and YouTuber. His works have gained notoriety and mild recognition for their reusing of motifs like typos, lack of punctuation, and exaggerated joy. In 2018, Roggenbuck was accused of sending sexually explicit messages to underage girls, among other sexually abusive behaviors.
Roggenbuck grew up in Ruth, Michigan. He attended Central Michigan University as an undergraduate and began an MFA in poetry at Columbia College Chicago but dropped out in late 2011 after becoming disillusioned with the program. In 2012 he toured the United States for over eleven months, performing his poetry, staying with Internet friends, experimental freeloading, and living frugally. During this period Roggenbuck contributed to the rapid growth of the Alt Lit writing community by "mov[ing] about the country hosting alt lit parties, recruiting and inspiring new alt lit writers."
Roggenbuck has done over 250 poetry performances in eight countries, including all fifty of the United States. Roggenbuck previously lived in Tucson, Arizona, where he was the editor at Boost House, a now defunct small press and arts residency. His current place of residence is unknown.
In October 2018, Roggenbuck was accused of sending sexually explicit messages to underage girls. Roggenbuck acknowledged and admitted to the accusations on his social media accounts where he posted an apology. Despite stating in his apology that he "did not have a habit of talking to 16-year-olds this way," it is claimed that more than 20 other people have corroborated similar stories. The source of the number 20 later said she had exaggerated the figure, "basing my estimate on a group DM I created of those who reached out to me and rounding up to make it seem more salacious."
References
External links
Youtube
Boost House
American male poets
YouTube channels
1987 births
Living people
Central Michigan University alumni
Alternative literature
21st-century American poets
21st-century American male writers
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41066719
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual%20relationship
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Dual relationship
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In the mental health field, a dual relationship is a situation where multiple roles exist between a therapist, or other mental health practitioner, and a client. Dual relationships are also referred to as multiple relationships, and these two terms are used interchangeably in the research literature. The American Psychological Association (APA) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct (also referred to as the APA ethics code) is a resource that outlines ethical standards and principles to which practitioners are expected to adhere. Standard 3.05 of the APA ethics code outlines the definition of multiple relationships. Dual or multiple relationships occur when:
a professional and personal relationship take place simultaneously between the psychologist and the client
the psychologist has a relationship with a person closely related to or connected to their client
the psychologist has intentions to enter into a future relationship with the client or someone closely related to the client
In addition, the standard provides a description of when to avoid multiple relationships (e.g., when the relationship causes harm to the client or impairs the psychologist's competence) and when these relationships are not considered unethical (e.g., when the relationship does not exploit the client or impair competence).
In other fields
Several "helping" fields which are not strictly psychological in nature, but which still involve a therapeutic counseling environment, also have stringent policies involving dual relationships and the avoidance of such relationships. For example, the National Association of Social Workers [NASW], which regulates 132,000 social workers across the world, names multiple types of dual relationships. This includes sexual, financial, personal or religious relationships which could become exploitative due to the differences in power between the worker and the client. Social workers are advised by the NASW to communicate with their clients when such a relationship arises or could arise, and are advised to take steps to avoid dual relationships wherever possible. The NASW recognizes, however, that dual relationships can be unavoidable in some types of communities, such as in rural communities or military installations.
References
Ethics in psychiatry
Interpersonal relationships
Clinical psychology
Professional ethics
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41066723
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billy%20Guyton
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Billy Guyton
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Billy-John Guyton (17 March 1990 – 15 May 2023) was a New Zealand rugby union player. He played at halfback for provincial side Tasman. Guyton spent the previous three years playing for North Otago in the Heartland championship, making 29 appearances for the province. He then moved north to sign with the Tasman Mako ahead of 2013 season's ITM Cup.
Tasman
2013 saw Guyton establish himself as the starting halfback for Tasman as they went on to have a successful season and win the champion division in the ITM Cup, with a one-point win over Hawke's Bay 26–25. This saw Tasman Mako promoted to the Premership Division of the ITM Cup.
Super Rugby
A strong season for the Tasman Mako saw Guyton sign with the Hurricanes for the 2014 super rugby season.
The 2014 super rugby season saw Guyton get very little game time for the Hurricanes. This saw Guyton initially released for the 2015 season, but a season-ending injury to Willi Heinz saw the Crusaders sign him as a replacement for the remainder of the 2015 super rugby season.
After another season of little action as a member of the Crusaders, Guyton signed a contract with the , his 3rd super rugby team in as many years.
Māori All Blacks
In October 2016 Guyton, who affiliated with the Ngāpuhi, Ngāti Pikiao, and Ngāti Raukawa iwi, was named in the Māori All Blacks team for their end-of-year tour to the Northern Hemisphere.
Guyton also played for the New Zealand Heartland XV at fullback and wing.
Death
Guyton died in Nelson on 15 May 2023, at the age of 33.
References
1990 births
2023 deaths
New Zealand rugby union players
Tasman rugby union players
North Otago rugby union players
Hurricanes (rugby union) players
Crusaders (rugby union) players
Blues (Super Rugby) players
Rugby union scrum-halves
People educated at Nelson College
People educated at Shirley Boys' High School
Rugby union players from Timaru
Māori All Blacks players
Ngāpuhi people
Ngāti Pikiao people
Ngāti Raukawa people
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41066729
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baek%20Minseok
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Baek Minseok
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Baek Minseok (Hangul: 백민석) is a modern South Korean writer.
Life
Baek Minseok was born in 1971, in Seoul. In 2004, Baekhas suspended all writing activities.
Work
Baek Minseok wrote his first work of fiction in 1995 with "I Loved Candy" (내가 사랑한 캔디). His work is representative of a prevailing aesthetic within Korean fiction in the mid-1990s, bizarre fiction. Bizarre fiction is opposed to societal norms and accepted systems, often portraying the weird and cruel in a humorous light. Characterized by a heightened imagination that is filled with gory and graphic images, Baek's work often makes direct reference to the bizarre - such as in the case of his representative novel Cotton Field Bizarre Story - and his work has been classified as bizarre fiction.
Boys are often the main characters in Baek's work, such as in the stories "The Errand Boy at the Manor" and "Poor Boy Hans". Even the psychologies of his adult characters are closer to that of children. For example, the main character of "Farm for Dead Owls" is a 30-year-old man-child who only talks to dolls. In these works, characters seek growth and development but the final outcome is far from what is regarded as healthy maturity. Through these characters who go against the tide, Baek criticizes the power of influence and questions what we consider to be the “norm.”
Ghosts also make regular appearances in the collection The Errand Boy at the Manor, but they are not the kind that appear in fairy tales and fantasy; they, in fact, represent our everyday reality and here lies the true terror—to become an adult means to become a member of a depraved society; therefore, the everyday reality that adults dominate is in itself terrifying.
In Cotton Field Bizarre Story, this quotidian terror manifests itself in kidnappings, murders, violence, perverse sexual acts, and sadomasochistic practices. In Rusher, the same terror is expressed in surreal descriptions about a dystopian society. Through these works, Baek seems to be suggesting that the real world is nothing more than perhaps a somewhat exaggerated fictional space that disregards ethics, morals, and common sense.
Works in Korean (Partial)
Novels
I Loved Candy (expanded to a novel in 1996)
Hey, We’re Going on a Picnic (1995)
Poor Boy Hans (1998)
Cotton Field Bizarre Story (2000)
Farm for Dead Owls (2003),
Rusher (2003)
Linked Story Collections
Sixteen Tales from Believe It or Not Museum (1997)
Novellas
The Errand Boy at the Manor (2001)
References
1971 births
Living people
South Korean writers
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41066732
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Horizontal%20and%20vertical%20d%C3%A9calage
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Horizontal and vertical décalage
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Horizontal and vertical décalage are terms coined by developmental psychologist Jean Piaget, which he used to describe the four stages in Piaget's theory of cognitive development: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, and formal operations. According to Piaget, horizontal and vertical décalage generally occur during the concrete operations stage of development.
Horizontal décalage refers to fact that once a child learns a certain function, he or she does not have the capability to immediately apply the learned function to all problems. In other words, "a horizontal décalage arises when a cognitive structure that can be successfully applied to task X cannot, though it is composed of the same organization of logical operations, be extended to task Y." Horizontal décalage is frequently used in reference to a child's ability to solve different conservation tasks. This concept recognizes that an individual child will not necessarily be on the same level of functioning in all possible areas of performance. Rather, "concepts and schemas develop through operation on and manipulation of objects in a specific manner." Vertical décalage refers to a child using the same cognitive function in different stages across development. In this sense, a child is improving upon a certain cognitive function, such as seriation tasks, as he or she ages.
History
The term 'décalage' was first used in psychology by Édouard Claparède, a Swiss neurologist and child psychologist, in 1917 in reference to consciousness. Long before Piaget coined the term, his studies in 1921 brought to light the idea that some tasks are more demanding for children than others based on their complexity. This information supports the information processing theory, an opposing theory of cognitive development. Piaget then used the term himself in 1941, as he was developing his theory of the cognitive development. In his research, Piaget discovered that while physical qualities (once developed) were invariant, children's problem solving abilities are not. His studies revealed certain "décalages," or shifts and inconsistencies, in a child's cognitive development.
Common examples
An example of horizontal décalage is the invariance of quantity, which is typically mastered around the age of 6 or 7 when matter is concerned, at the age of 9 or 10 when weight is concerned, and around 11 or 12 years old when the invariant is volume. A 7-year-old child understands that when one of two equivalent balls of clay is transformed into a sausage-shape, the two lumps still consist of equal amounts of clay. The child, however, fails to correctly comprehend that the differently shaped clumps of clay weigh the same. Both tasks are similar, but the child is clearly unable to apply his understanding about the first situation to the second situation. A comparable phenomenon can be seen in a child's increasing ability to perform seriation tasks, which consists of ordering objects according to increasing or decreasing size. The ability to arrange rods in order of decreasing/increasing size is always acquired prior to the capacity to seriate according to weight. A commonly cited example of vertical décalage "can be observed between the constitution of practical or sensorimotor space and that of representative space " For example, at the age of 2, a child can navigate around a familiar environment, such as their home. It is not until years later that they can represent this knowledge symbolically by drawing a map. There is vertical décalage between a problem that a child can physically master and their ability to solve it in an abstract manner.
Neurobiological perspective
Some psychologists take a neural network model approach to the idea of horizontal and vertical décalage. According to these psychologists, horizontal and vertical décalage are the product of the development of the prefrontal cortex in children, which "contributes to age-related advances in flexible behavior". Certain tests and studies have been conducted to show how horizontal and vertical décalage are related to neural functioning. For example, scientists presented children with two identical balls of clay and then rolled one into a cylinder, changing its shape. When scientists then asked children which clump of clay contained more clay (conservation of mass), children were able to answer correctly that both clumps had equal amounts of clay. Children of the same age, however, were unable to answer which clump of clay weighed more (conservation of weight). This is an example of horizontal décalage because children were able to solve certain conservation tasks but not others despite their similarities. According to the neural network approach, as a child's prefrontal cortex develops, he or she is better able to maintain their knowledge "rules" and apply problem solving techniques across different situations. The development of the prefrontal cortex comes from the strengthening of neural synapses, a process which is remarkably heightened in childhood.
Studies
A series of studies by Piaget and Szeminska in 1941 and Piaget and Inhelder in 1967 revealed a horizontal décalage of approximately three years on tasks of length and weight seriation. The scientists tested 37 five- to ten-year-old boys and girls. In the length seriation task of this experiment, the subjects were made to order seven sticks from shortest to longest. In a variation of this task, called the "hidden length experiment," the children were made to order the sticks, but were only able to look at two sticks at a time, forcing them to employ the transitive property. Finally, the children were forced to place seven identical cubes of different densities in order from lightest to heaviest. The results revealed that the "hidden length" seriation task and the weight seriation task were much more difficult for the children than were the normal seriation tasks, thereby supporting the notion of horizontal décalage. While the children were able to successfully complete certain seriation tasks, they were unable to complete others.
Studies have also been conducted regarding vertical decalage. In a study by Redpath and Rogers, fifteen males and fifteen females from both preschool and second grade were interviewed. From these interviews, it was evident that the children showed a developmental progression in their understanding of different medical concepts, such as "hospitals, doctors, nurses, operations, and illness." The researchers concluded that the children's grasp and understanding of these medical concepts were related to the level of their cognitive development. The second graders demonstrated a heightened ability to understand said concepts as compared to the preschool aged children, thus supporting the notion of vertical decalage. The researchers discovered that if the second graders had been previously hospitalized, the experience improved their grasp of hospital concepts. This was not the case with preschoolers because they were not able to translate their experience into understanding.
Criticisms
There have been many criticisms of Piaget's theories, including his ideas of horizontal and vertical décalage. A further criticism is that restructuring the presentation of a problem has a significant bearing on the child's ability to solve the problem, which demonstrates that problem solving ability might depend on the presentation of the problem more so than on the child's cognitive development. According to Wordsworth and other Piagetian supporters, however, Piaget's main idea that all children have the same general course of development is so significant that it outweighs the criticisms of his methodology in which so many others find fault.
References
Further reading
Baylor, G. W. Experiments in seriation with children: Towards an information processing explanation of the horizontal decalage. Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science (1975), 7(1), 4 - 29-29. ().
Chandler, M. J., and Chapman, M.. Criteria for Competence: Controversies in the Conceptualization and Assessment of Children's Abilities. Hillsdale, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1991.
Gauvain, M., and Cole, M.. Readings on the Development of Children. 5th ed. New York: Worth, 2009. Print.
Montangero, J., and Maurice-Naville, D. Piaget, Or, The Advance of Knowledge. Mahwah, NJ: L. Erlbaum Associates, 1997.
Redpath, C. C., and Rogers, C. S. "Healthy Young Children's Concepts of Hospitals, Medical Personnel, Operations, and Illness." Journal of Pediatric Psychology (1982): n. pag. Oxford Journals. Web. 9 Nov. 2013.
Savelsbergh, G. The Development of Coordination in Infancy. N.p.: North-Holland, 1993. Print.
Scardamalia, M. "Information Processing Capacity and the Problem of Horizontal "Décalage": A Demonstration Using Combinatorial Reasoning Tasks." JSTOR. Society for Research in Child Development, n.d. Web. 9 #
Developmental psychology
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41066751
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corex%20Process
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Corex Process
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The Corex Process is a smelting reduction process created by Primetals as a more environmentally friendly alternative to the blast furnace. Presently, the majority of steel production is through the blast furnace which has to rely on coking coal. That is coal which has been cooked in order to remove impurities so that it is superior to coal. The blast furnace requires a sinter plant in order to prepare the iron ore for reduction. Unlike the blast furnace, smelting reduction processes are typical smaller and use coal and oxygen directly to reduce iron ore into a usable product. Smelting reduction processes come in two basic varieties, two-stage or single-stage. In a single-stage system the iron ore is both reduced and melted in the same container. In a two-stage process, like Corex, the ore is reduced in one shaft and melted and purified in another. Plants using the Corex process have been put use in areas such as South Africa, India, and China.
First COREX process was installed in 1988 at South Africa.
Process
The Corex process consists of two main parts: a Reduction Shaft and a Melter-Gasifier. The main reagents for the Corex process are iron ore, noncoking coal, and oxygen. Unlike a blast furnace, the Corex process does not use a hot blast of nitrogen, thereby greatly reducing NOx gas emissions, but instead uses oxygen. In addition, the Corex process can use iron oxides containing up to 80% lump ore and uses non-coking coal directly as a reducing agent.
In the reduction shaft the iron ore, along with limestone and dolomite additives, is added and then reduced by reduction gas into 95% direct reduced iron, DRI. The DRI is then redirected via six discharge screws into the melter-gasifier. The melter-gasifier has three main sections, the gaseous free board zone, the char bed, and the hearth zone, and it has an effect on several stages in the process. First it serves to create the reduction gas by gasifying the coal with oxygen and then cooling it. After being reduced, the DRI is redirected to the char bed where the iron and slag are melted and then directed to the hearth zone. The heat inside the metal gasifier keeps the amount of phenols small, keeping them out of the atmosphere. Meanwhile, carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas from the original gasification of the coal exit the gasifier while other byproducts are captured in the metallic slag. The rest of the hot gas is then cooled and sent into the reduction shaft resulting in the Corex export gas which is used to control pressure in the plant. Many of the gases resulting from this process can then be recycled or used to produce electricity. Dust particles also appear in these gases and the melter-gasifier recycles them with four dust burners.
Advantages
There are many advantages to the Corex Process, for example carbon dioxide emissions are up to 20% lower than with the conventional blast furnace, and the Corex process produces far less SO2 and dust than the blast furnace.
In addition Corex plants do not release as many phenols or sulfides limiting water contamination.
Disadvantages
There are drawbacks. For example, at the JSW Steel plant in India it was found that to be viable the Corex process still needed about 15% coke. Furthermore, it has also been found that Corex plants require large amounts of oxygen which can be expensive. Also the export gas can make the process highly inefficient. However, this particular problem can be mitigated by using the export gas in electricity production.
References
Smelting
Siemens
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41066755
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicole%20Gibbons
|
Nicole Gibbons
|
Nicole Gibbons (born August 10, 1981) is an American interior designer, television personality, founder of the startup Clare, and design blogger. She is best known as the founder of the decorating and lifestyle blog So Haute, and for her frequent television appearances. She currently appears as a design expert on Home Made Simple, a home improvement reality show on the Oprah Winfrey Network. She is also the founder of Nicole Gibbons Studio, LLC, which specializes in high-end residential and commercial interior design. She splits her time between New York and Los Angeles, California.
Gibbons describes her design aesthetic as "classic sophistication with a fresh, modern edge".
Early life and career
Gibbons was born in Detroit, Michigan, to William and Sondra Gibbons. She was raised in Southfield, Michigan, and attended nearby Mercy High School. Her mother worked as an interior designer, and her father was an entrepreneur. Gibbons credits her parents' influence as the foundation for her current success.
Gibbons attended Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree in Communication Studies in 2003. She initially pursued a career in public relations and served for several years as the director of PR and events for Victoria's Secret.
Design career
Early design career
Although she never intended to pursue a career as a designer, Gibbons always maintained an interest in interior design. In January 2008, she launched her decorating and lifestyle blog, So Haute. So Haute serves as a "guide to stylish living" and shares design news, shopping resources, inspirational interiors, and decorating tips and ideas with its readers. In June 2008 Nicole established Nicole Gibbons Interiors, LLC, as a part-time design business focusing on small scale decorating projects in Manhattan.
Nicole Gibbons Studio
In early 2013, Gibbons re-launched her design firm as a full-time venture, renaming it Nicole Gibbons Studio. The firm has two branches: one specializes in full service design for residential and commercial clients, and the other focuses on Gibbons' branded partnerships and on-air work as a design expert in television and digital media.
Television appearances and other projects
In 2013, Gibbons joined the cast of the third season of Home Made Simple, a reality TV show hosted by the Oprah Winfrey Network, where she appears as a design expert. The show brings home improvement experts to help families redecorate a space in their home via cost-saving do-it-yourself techniques.
Gibbons is also an online contributor for Domino, a lifestyle magazine. She has been featured in multiple television, print and online publications, including HGTV, House Beautiful, TLC, InStyle, Real Simple, Better Homes & Gardens, The Nest, and Elle Décor. She has also collaborated with home and lifestyle brands including Target, One Kings Lane, and Pier 1 Imports.
References
External links
Nicole Gibbons Official Website
Nicole Gibbons Official Blog
Nicole Gibbons on Twitter
Living people
American interior designers
Northwestern University School of Communication alumni
American women bloggers
American bloggers
American women interior designers
1981 births
21st-century American women
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41066760
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/No.%20117%20Squadron%20RCAF
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No. 117 Squadron RCAF
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No. 117 (Bomber Reconnaissance) Squadron was a Royal Canadian Air Force squadron that was active during the Second World War. It was originally formed as a fighter squadron and then a Coast Artillery Co-operation squadron before being disbanded in 1939, and then reformed in its final role in 1941, disbanded later that year, reformed in 1942 and then disbanded permanently in 1943. It was primarily based at Sydney, Nova Scotia and used in an anti-submarine role.
References
See also
RCAF Eastern Air Command
Royal Canadian Air Force squadrons (disbanded)
Military units and formations of Canada in World War II
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41066761
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centenary%2C%20South%20Carolina
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Centenary, South Carolina
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Centenary is an unincorporated community in Marion County, South Carolina, United States. Located along SC 41 Alt, south of Marion. Along the CSX Seaboard Air Line, the area is a predominantly farming community.
The community took its name from the local Centenary Methodist Church, which itself was named in commemoration of a centenary milestone in Methodism.
It was first listed as a CDP prior to the 2020 census with a population of 191.
Demographics
2020 census
Note: the US Census treats Hispanic/Latino as an ethnic category. This table excludes Latinos from the racial categories and assigns them to a separate category. Hispanics/Latinos can be of any race.
References
Unincorporated communities in Marion County, South Carolina
Unincorporated communities in South Carolina
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41066786
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Senzoku%20Gakuen
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Senzoku Gakuen
|
is a private educational institution in Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan. The institution operates a school of music, a junior college, primary and secondary schools, and a kindergarten.
The first Senzoku Gakuen school, the Hiratsuka Sewing School for Women, was founded in 1924 by Wakao Maeda, followed by the opening of Senzoku Women's Higher School in 1927. Senzoku Gakuen Women's Junior High School was established in 1947, followed by a kindergarten in 1948 and an elementary school in 1949.
College of Music
is located in Takatsu-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa. It was established in 1967; the present name was adopted in 2003. A Department of Music was established in 1962 under Senzoku Gakuen Junior College, which became the Senzoku Gakuen College of Music in 2003. The school offers both undergraduate and graduate programs.
Junior college
, formerly shares the Takatsu-ku campus with Senzoku Gakuen College of Music. The two-year program offers courses in music and early childhood education.
was another junior college in Uozu, Toyama, Japan. The junior college was established in April 1980 by Senzoku Gakuen Group. Enrollment of new students ended in 2000 and the college closed in 2002. It offered courses in literature and music.
Notable alumni
Takanori Arisawa – Composer and arranger
Ayaka Hirahara (Faculty of Jazz) – Pop singer
Kanon Shizaki (Faculty of Rock and Pop) – Voice actress and keyboardist
Arisa Sugi – Actress
Yutaka Yamada (Faculty of Acoustic Design) – Composer
References
External links
Official website
Senzoku Gakuen alumni association
Private universities and colleges in Japan
Universities and colleges in Kanagawa Prefecture
Kawasaki, Kanagawa
Educational institutions established in 1924
Music schools in Japan
Japanese junior colleges
1924 establishments in Japan
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41066790
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%20Macau%20Open%20Grand%20Prix%20Gold
|
2013 Macau Open Grand Prix Gold
|
The 2013 Macau Open Grand Prix Open was the seventieth grand prix gold and grand prix tournament of the 2013 BWF Grand Prix Gold and Grand Prix. The tournament was held in Macau Forum, Macau November 26 – December 1, 2013 and had a total purse of $120,000.
Men's singles
Seeds
Kenichi Tago (first round)
Tanongsak Saensomboonsuk (withdrew)
Hu Yun (second round)
Marc Zwiebler (withdrew)
Wong Wing Ki (third round)
Rajah Menuri Venkata Gurusaidutt (withdrew)
Kento Momota (second round)
Anand Pawar (withdrew)
Hsu Jen-hao (semi-final)
Sai Praneeth (first round)
Vladimir Ivanov (quarter-final)
Prannoy Kumar (second round)
Suppanyu Avihingsanon (first round)
Tan Chun Seang (third round)
Chan Yan Kit (second round)
Vladimir Malkov (third round)
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Section 4
Bottom half
Section 5
Section 6
Section 7
Section 8
Women's singles
Seeds
Pusarla Venkata Sindhu (champion)
Nichaon Jindapon (first round)
Yip Pui Yin (semi-final)
Pai Hsiao-ma (first round)
Chan Tsz Ka (quarter-final)
Deng Xuan (quarter-final)
Michelle Li (final)
Cheng Chi-ya (first round)
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
Men's doubles
Seeds
Lee Sheng-mu / Tsai Chia-hsin (final)
Hoon Thien How / Tan Wee Kiong (champion)
Maneepong Jongjit / Nipitphon Puangpuapech (quarter-final)
Vladimir Ivanov / Ivan Sozonov (first round)
Liang Jui-wei / Liao Kuan-hao (semi-final)
Gan Teik Chai / Ong Soon Hock (first round)
Chen Hung-ling / Lu Chia-bin (first round)
Lim Khim Wah / Ow Yao Han (second round)
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
Women's doubles
Seeds
Poon Lok Yan / Tse Ying Suet (second round)
Ko A-ra / Yoo Hae-won (semi-final)
Vivian Hoo Kah Mun / Woon Khe Wei (second round)
Bao Yixin / Tang Jinhua (champion)
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
Mixed doubles
Seeds
Lee Chun Hei / Chau Hoi Wah (quarter-final)
Tan Aik Quan / Lai Pei Jing (second round)
Chan Yun Lung / Tse Ying Suet (quarter-final)
Ong Jian Guo / Lim Yin Loo (first round)
Sudket Prapakamol / Savitree Amitrapai (second round)
Maneepong Jongjit / Sapsiree Taerattanachai (first round)
Tarun Kona / Ashwini Ponnappa (first round)
Liao Min-chun / Chen Hsiao-huan (second round)
Finals
Top half
Section 1
Section 2
Bottom half
Section 3
Section 4
References
Macau Open Badminton Championships
Macau Open
Macau Open
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41066819
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedro-Woolley%20School%20District
|
Sedro-Woolley School District
|
Sedro-Woolley School District No. 101 is a public school district in Sedro-Woolley, Washington, United States. It serves the city of Sedro-Woolley and the communities of Big Lake, Clear Lake, Lyman, Hamilton, in Skagit County.
In May 2021, the district had an enrollment of 4,479 students.
Schools
Elementary schools
Big Lake Elementary (K-6)
Central Elementary (K-6)
Clear Lake Elementary (K-6)
Evergreen Elementary (K-6)
Lyman Elementary (K-6)
Mary Purcell Elementary (K-6)
Samish Elementary (K-6)
Middle schools
Cascade Middle School (7-8)
High schools
State Street High School (9-12)
Sedro-Woolley High School (9-12)
Alternative programs
State Street High School
Sedro-Woolley Special Programs (PK-11)
Northwest Career and Technical Academy, a skills center operated jointly by several nearby school districts.
Governance
The district is governed by a board of directors elected from geographical sub-districts. Each of the five directors is elected for a term of four years.
The superintendent is Miriam Mickelson, who has held the position since 2021. The previous superintendent, Phil Brockman, served from 2013 to 2021.
References
External links
Sedro-Woolley School District website
OSPI school district report card
School districts in Washington (state)
Education in Skagit County, Washington
|
41066857
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2013%E2%80%9314%20Ohio%20State%20Buckeyes%20women%27s%20basketball%20team
|
2013–14 Ohio State Buckeyes women's basketball team
|
The 2013–14 Ohio State Buckeyes women's basketball team will represent the Ohio State University during the 2013–14 NCAA Division I women's basketball season. The Buckeyes, led by first year head coach Kevin McGuff, play their home games at Value City Arena and were members of the Big Ten Conference. They finish with a record of 17–18 overall, 5–11 in Big Ten play for a 3-way tie finish for 8th place. They lost in the semifinals in the 2014 Big Ten Conference women's basketball tournament to Iowa.
Roster
Schedule
|-
!colspan=9 | Exhibition
|-
!colspan=9| Regular Season
|-
!colspan=9 | 2014 Big Ten Conference women's tournament
Source
See also
2013–14 Ohio State Buckeyes men's basketball team
References
Ohio State Buckeyes women's basketball seasons
Ohio State
Ohio State Buckeyes
Ohio State Buckeyes
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41066878
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niche%20picking
|
Niche picking
|
Niche picking is a psychological theory that people choose environments that complement their heredity. For example, extroverts may deliberately engage with others like themselves. Niche picking is a component of gene-environment correlation.
Scarr and McCartney's model
In 1983, psychology professors Sandra Scarr and Kathleen McCartney proposed that genes affect the environments individuals choose to interact with, and that phenotypes influence individuals’ exchanges with people, places, and situations. The model states that genotypes can determine an individual's response to a certain environment, and that these genotype-environment pairs can affect human development. Scarr and McCartney, influenced by Robert Plomin's findings, recognized three types of gene-environment correlations. As humans develop, they enter each of these stages in succession, and each is more influential than the last.
Passive During infancy, individuals' environments are provided by their parents. The rearing environment reflects the parents' genes, so it is genetically suitable for the child.
Evocative Environments respond to individuals based on the genes they express (phenotype). Infants and adolescents evoke social and physical responses from their environments through this interaction. Experiences, and therefore development, are more influenced by evocation than by the passive environment. However, the influence of evocation declines over time.
Active Individuals selectively attend to aspects of their environment that correlate to their specific genotypes and autonomously choose environments to interact with. Their selections are based on motivational, personality, and intellectual aspects of their genotype. Therefore, environmental interactions are person specific and can vary greatly. Since these environments are chosen rather than encountered, they have a greater effect on experience and development.
Role
Scarr and McCartney defined niche picking as a mechanism used to select environments suitable for one's genotype. Therefore, an individual’s temperament often affects the type of niche selected, since environment reflects one’s general disposition.
An individual's niche can change over time, as explained in Emilie Snell-Rood's theory of behavioral plasticity and evolution. Snell-Rood argues that one element of developmental behavioral plasticity is the change in a gene’s expressed phenotype as a result of a change in environment. Expressed behaviors reflect the environment one welcomes, and these behaviors change as a result of that environment. If an individual has encountered an environment before, their behavioral change can be attributed to learning, allowing the production of different responses. With respect to niche picking, this suggests that individuals' process of selecting environments evolves, as does their method of response and level of responsiveness.
Examples
The genotype-environment model states that as siblings and fraternal twins age, their phenotypes grow apart. This is due to their respective mastery of the passive, evocative, and active interactions. When the siblings are infants, the environments their parents provide are similar. But as they age and begin to evoke responses from their environments, the social and physical elements they encounter start to vary.
The personal characteristics that encourage environmental responses, such as appearance, personality, and intellect, are not the same between siblings and fraternal twins because of gene variations. Once siblings can actively interact with their environment and select environments they like, differences between their niches become clear. This process is evident in families where one child is outgoing and lively while the other is timid and cautious.
According to Frank Sulloway, a social researcher, most characteristic differences between siblings result from personality variation and non-shared environments, both of which are influenced by:
parental investment
the tendency for siblings to differentiate themselves from each other, often by assuming opposite dispositions
birth order, personality, and gender roles.
Together, these elements give siblings different evocative and active environmental experiences that reflect their individual niches.
In identical twins, this process is different. When siblings are the same age and have the same appearance, some people respond to them identically, despite their different personalities. Twins encounter the same social and physical influences from their environments, whether they have been reared separately or together. Often, this causes them to develop similar niches, though it does not guarantee that they will.
Contemporary applications
Scarr and McCartney's model provides a framework for examining the role that children's genotypes play in determining environmental interactions. Two major topics associated with this research are public policies to promote children's education and the heritability of political beliefs.
Implications for policy makers
In a 1996 study, Scarr examined the implications of genotype-environment interaction for public policy, specifically in education. She advised policy makers to be cautious when using programs such as Head Start to encourage intellectual development in children, arguing that genotype-environment interactions gave all children (except those raised in particularly abusive or neglectful homes) "good-enough opportunities" to develop without the aid of such programs.
Policy makers might expect to see a jump in children's intellectual abilities from programs such as Head Start, which are designed to introduce children to a school setting, create a stable environment, and further their cognitive talents. Scarr, however, suggests that they cannot fully recreate what intelligent parents and a nurturing environment provide. She instead advocates a varied and stimulating environment that lets children use various types of niche expression.
Scarr conducted an experiment in 1997 on the impact of out-of-home day care on children. From this and previous studies, she concluded that the quality of day care had only small, temporary effects on intellectual development. She noted that for children from good homes, genotype-environment interaction usually provides most of the intellectual development they need. Parental and environmental support allows these children to explore the niches most suited to their intellectual desires and abilities.
These findings suggest that children from low-income families can benefit from programs that offer the same kind of support. Rather than a narrow environment that focuses on assimilating children into educational institutions, a stimulating environment would provide the most benefit to children who do not get adequate levels of genotype-environment interaction at home.
References
Developmental psychology
Psychological theories
|
41066880
|
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfonsius%20Kelvan
|
Alfonsius Kelvan
|
Alfonsius Kelvan (born June 21, 1989) is an Indonesian footballer as a goalkeeper.
Career
2013
On 9 December 2013, he signed a one-year contract with Pelita Bandung Raya.
2016
In 2016, Alfonsius joined Persiba Balikpapan in the 2016 Indonesia Soccer Championship A.
2017
In 2017 he signed a one-year contract with Bali United F.C. for a match 2017 Liga 1.
References
External links
1989 births
Men's association football goalkeepers
Living people
Footballers from Jakarta
Indonesian Muslims
Converts to Islam
Indonesian former Christians
Indonesian men's footballers
Liga 1 (Indonesia) players
Liga 2 (Indonesia) players
Indonesian Premier Division players
Persepam Madura Utama players
Madura United F.C. players
Persiba Balikpapan players
Bali United F.C. players
Persebaya Surabaya players
Borneo F.C. Samarinda players
PSMS Medan players
Persela Lamongan players
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