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|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Farces
|
What does Stan threaten to do?
|
American Dad!
| false | 1TV
|
[
11
] |
[
"Plot techniques.",
"\"American Dad!\"",
"has commonly made use of farces as most of the predicaments that befall the main characters have escalated into the extremes, to the point of getting outrageously out-of-hand.",
"For example, in the episode \"Home Wrecker\", Stan and Francine's marital harmony breaks down from a difference of opinion on remodeling the house.",
"It gets to the point where they divide the house in two, each decorating their half of the house in their desired fashion.",
"Not satisfied with this however, they both attempted to drive the other out of the home and eventually erected a colossal block wall, dividing the two halves of the house.",
"The rest of the family members were forced to spend one holiday after the next alternating between Fran's and Stan's place (the sides of the house treated as distinct homes).",
"As another example, in the episode \"Stan's Food Restaurant\", Stan asks for Roger's help in starting a restaurant.",
"As things progress, Roger makes heavy changes in the layout, eventually kicking Stan out of the project.",
"Stan retaliates by opening another restaurant next door, which becomes a smashing success.",
"Roger responds by blowing up Stan's restaurant but destroying his own in the process.",
"Stan threatens to kill Roger, but backs down after Roger pulls a gun on him and tells him to relax."
] |
[
0
] |
Trench warfare begins
|
On which date did the Germans use chlorine gas for the first time on the Western Front?
|
World War I
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
13
] |
[
"Western Front.",
"Trench warfare begins.",
"Military tactics before World War I had failed to keep pace with advances in technology.",
"These advances allowed for impressive defence systems, which out-of-date military tactics could not break through for most of the war.",
"Barbed wire was a significant hindrance to massed infantry advances.",
"Artillery, vastly more lethal than in the 1870s, coupled with machine guns, made crossing open ground extremely difficult.",
"Commanders on both sides failed to develop tactics for breaching entrenched positions without heavy casualties.",
"In time, however, technology began to produce new offensive weapons, such as gas warfare and the tank.",
"Just after the First Battle of the Marne (5–12 September 1914), both Entente and German forces each continually sought to outflank the other by manoeuvering to the north: this series of manoeuvres became known as the \"Race to the Sea\".",
"When these outflanking efforts failed, Britain and France soon found themselves facing an uninterrupted line of entrenched German forces from Lorraine to Belgium's coast.",
"Britain and France sought to take the offensive, while Germany defended the occupied territories.",
"Consequently, German trenches were much better constructed than those of their enemy; Anglo-French trenches were only intended to be \"temporary\" before their forces broke through German defences.",
"Both sides tried to break the stalemate using scientific and technological advances.",
"On 22 April 1915, at the Second Battle of Ypres, the Germans (violating the Hague Convention) used chlorine gas for the first time on the Western Front.",
"Several types of gas soon became widely used by both sides, and though it never proved a decisive, battle-winning weapon, poison gas became one of the most-feared and best-remembered horrors of the war.",
"Tanks were first used in combat by the British during the Battle of Flers-Courcelette (part of the wider Somme offensive) on 15 September 1916, with only partial success.",
"However, their effectiveness would grow as the war progressed; the Germans employed only very small numbers of their own design, supplemented by captured Allied tanks."
] |
[] |
Effectiveness
|
Who's double-blind chart matching test has become one of the most renowned tests of astrology?
|
Astrology
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"Astrology has not demonstrated its effectiveness in controlled studies and has no scientific validity, and as such, is regarded as pseudoscience.",
"Where astrology has made falsifiable predictions, it has been falsified.",
"Shawn Carlson's double-blind chart matching test, in which twenty eight astrologers agreed to match over 100 natal charts to psychological profiles generated by the California Psychological Inventory (CPI) test, is one of the most renowned tests of astrology.",
"The experimental protocol used in Carlson's study was agreed to by a group of physicists and astrologers prior to the experiment.",
"Astrologers, nominated by the National Council for Geocosmic Research, acted as the astrological advisors, and helped to ensure, and agreed, that the test was fair.",
"They also chose twentysix of the twentyeight astrologers for the tests, the other two being interested astrologers who volunteered afterwards.",
"The astrologers, from Europe and the United States, helped to draw up the central proposition of natal astrology to be tested.",
"Published in \"Nature\" in 1985, the study found that predictions based on natal astrology were no better than chance, and that the testing \"clearly refutes the astrological hypothesis\".",
"In 1955, astrologer and psychologist Michel Gauquelin stated that although he had failed to find evidence to support such indicators as the zodiacal signs and planetary aspects in astrology, he had found positive correlations between the diurnal positions of some of the planets and success in some professions which astrology traditionally associates with those planets.",
"The best-known of Gauquelin's findings is based on the positions of Mars in the natal charts of successful athletes and became known as the \"Mars effect\".",
"A study conducted by seven French scientists attempted to replicate the claim, but found no statistical evidence.",
"They attributed the effect to selective bias on Gauquelin's part, accusing him of attempting to persuade them to add or delete names from their study.",
"Geoffrey Dean has suggested that the effect may be caused by self-reporting of birth dates by parents rather than any issue with the study by Gauquelin.",
"The suggestion is that a small subset of the parents may have had changed birth times to be consistent with better astrological charts for a related profession.",
"The sample group was taken from a time where belief in astrology was more common.",
"Gauquelin had failed to find the Mars effect in more recent populations, where a nurse or doctor recorded the birth information.",
"The number of births under astrologically undesirable conditions was also lower, indicating more evidence that parents choose dates and times to suit their beliefs.",
"Dean, a scientist and former astrologer, and psychologist Ivan Kelly conducted a large scale scientific test, involving more than one hundred cognitive, behavioural, physical and other variables, but found no support for astrology.",
"Furthermore, a meta-analysis was conducted pooling 40 studies consisting of 700 astrologers and over 1,000 birth charts.",
"Ten of the tests, which had a total of 300 participating, involved the astrologers picking the correct chart interpretation out of a number of others which were not the astrologically correct chart interpretation (usually 3 to 5 others).",
"When the date and other obvious clues were removed no significant results were found to suggest there was any preferred chart."
] |
[
3
] |
Rebounding
|
What's the point of rebounding?
|
Basketball
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"The objective of rebounding is to successfully gain possession of the basketball after a missed field goal or free throw, as it rebounds from the hoop or backboard.",
"This plays a major role in the game, as most possessions end when a team misses a shot.",
"There are two categories of rebounds: offensive rebounds, in which the ball is recovered by the offensive side and does not change possession, and defensive rebounds, in which the defending team gains possession of the loose ball.",
"The majority of rebounds are defensive, as the team on defense tends to be in better position to recover missed shots."
] |
[
0
] |
Science and technology
|
The funding and management of this research system is mainly conducted under the authority of which ministry?
|
Portugal
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"Scientific and technological research activities in Portugal are mainly conducted within a network of R&D units belonging to public universities and state-managed autonomous research institutions like the INETI – Instituto Nacional de Engenharia, Tecnologia e Inovação and the INRB – Instituto Nacional dos Recursos Biológicos.",
"The funding and management of this research system is mainly conducted under the authority of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Higher Education (MCTES) itself and the MCTES's Fundação para a Ciência e Tecnologia (FCT).",
"The largest R&D units of the public universities by volume of research grants and peer-reviewed publications, include biosciences research institutions like the Instituto de Medicina Molecular, the Centre for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, the IPATIMUP, the Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular and the Abel Salazar Biomedical Sciences Institute.",
"Among the largest non-state-run research institutions in Portugal are the Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência and the Champalimaud Foundation, a neuroscience and oncology research centre, which in addition awards every year one of the highest monetary prizes of any science prize in the world.",
"A number of both national and multinational high-tech and industrial companies, are also responsible for research and development projects.",
"One of the oldest learned societies of Portugal is the Sciences Academy of Lisbon, founded in 1779.",
"Iberian bilateral state-supported research efforts include the International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory and the Ibercivis distributed computing platform, which are joint research programmes of both Portugal and Spain.",
"Portugal is a member of several pan-European scientific organizations.",
"These include the European Space Agency (ESA), the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), ITER, and the European Southern Observatory (ESO).",
"Portugal has the largest aquarium in Europe, the Lisbon Oceanarium, and the Portuguese have several other notable organizations focused on science-related exhibits and divulgation, like the state agency \"Ciência Viva\", a programme of the Portuguese Ministry of Science and Technology to the promotion of a scientific and technological culture among the Portuguese population, the Science Museum of the University of Coimbra, the National Museum of Natural History at the University of Lisbon, and the Visionarium.",
"With the emergence and growth of several science parks throughout the world that helped create many thousands of scientific, technological and knowledge-based businesses, Portugal started to develop several science parks across the country.",
"These include the Taguspark (in Oeiras), the Coimbra iParque (in Coimbra), the biocant (in Cantanhede), the Madeira Tecnopolo (in Funchal), Sines Tecnopolo (in Sines), Tecmaia (in Maia) and Parkurbis (in Covilhã).",
"Companies locate in the Portuguese science parks to take advantage of a variety of services ranging from financial and legal advice through to marketing and technological support.",
"Egas Moniz, a Portuguese physician who developed the cerebral angiography and leucotomy, received in 1949 the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine – he is the first Portuguese recipient of a Nobel Prize and the only in the sciences.",
"The European Innovation Scoreboard 2011, placed Portugal-based innovation in the 15th position, with an impressive increase in innovation expenditure and output."
] |
[] |
Riots
|
Did Farmer or Carmichael blame White America for killing Dr. King?
|
Assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr.
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
1
] |
[
"Colleagues of Dr. King in the civil rights movement called for a non-violent response to the assassination, to honor his most deeply held beliefs.",
"James Farmer, Jr. said:The more militant Stokely Carmichael, however, called for more forceful action, saying:\"White America killed Dr. King last night.",
"She made a whole lot easier for a whole lot of black people today.",
"There no longer needs to be intellectual discussions, black people know that they have to get guns.",
"White America will live to cry that she killed Dr. King last night.",
"It would have been better if she had killed Rap Brown and/or Stokely Carmichael, but when she killed Dr. King, she lost.",
"\"Despite the urging of many leaders, the assassination led to a nationwide wave of riots in more than 100 cities.",
"After the assassination, the city of Memphis quickly settled the strike on favorable terms to the sanitation workers."
] |
[] |
Story of Noah
|
Who is the youngest son of Noah?
|
Sistine Chapel ceiling
| false | 3ART
|
[
11
] |
[
"As with the first sequence of pictures, the three panels concerning Noah, taken from the sixth to ninth chapters of Genesis are thematic rather than chronological.",
"In the first scene is shown the sacrifice of a sheep.",
"Vasari, in writing about this scene mistakes it for the sacrifices by Cain and Abel, in which Abel's sacrifice was acceptable to God and Cain's was not.",
"What this image almost certainly depicts is the sacrifice made by the family of Noah, after their safe deliverance from the Great Flood which destroyed the rest of Humankind.",
"The central, larger, scene shows the Great Flood.",
"The Ark in which Noah's family escaped floats at the rear of the picture while the rest of humanity tries frantically to scramble to some point of safety.",
"This picture, which has a large number of figures, conforms the most closely to the format of the paintings that had been done around the walls.",
"The final scene is the story of Noah's drunkenness.",
"After the Flood, Noah tills the soil and grows vines.",
"He is shown doing so, in the background of the picture.",
"He becomes drunk and inadvertently exposes himself.",
"His youngest son, Ham, brings his two brothers Shem and Japheth to see the sight but they discreetly cover their father with a cloak.",
"Ham is later cursed by Noah and told that the descendants of Ham's son Canaan will serve Shem and Japheth's descendants forever.",
"Taken together, these three pictures serve to show that Humankind had moved a long way from God's perfect creation.",
"However, it is through Shem and his descendants, the Israelites, that Salvation will come to the world.",
"Since Michelangelo executed the nine Biblical scenes in reverse chronological order, some analyses of the frescoes of the vault commence with the \"Drunkenness of Noah\".",
"Tolnay's Neoplatonic interpretation sees the story of Noah at the beginning and the act of Creation by God as the conclusion of the process of \"deificatio\" and the return from physical to spiritual being."
] |
[
3
] |
Etymology
|
Which Indonesian scholar first used Indonesia as a name?
|
Indonesia
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
8
] |
[
"The name \"Indonesia\" derives from the Greek words \"Indós\" and \"nèsos\", which means \"island\".",
"The name dates to the 18th century, far predating the formation of independent Indonesia.",
"In 1850, George Windsor Earl, an English ethnologist, proposed the terms \"Indunesians\" — and, his preference, \"Malayunesians\" — for the inhabitants of the \"Indian Archipelago or Malayan Archipelago\".",
"In the same publication, a student of Earl's, James Richardson Logan, used \"Indonesia\" as a synonym for \"Indian Archipelago\".",
"However, Dutch academics writing in East Indies publications were reluctant to use \"Indonesia\".",
"Instead, they used the terms \"Malay Archipelago\" (\"Maleische Archipel\"); the \"Netherlands East Indies\" (\"Nederlandsch Oost Indië\"), popularly \"Indië\"; \"the East\" (\"de Oost\"); and \"Insulinde\".",
"After 1900, the name \"Indonesia\" became more common in academic circles outside the Netherlands, and Indonesian nationalist groups adopted it for political expression.",
"Adolf Bastian, of the University of Berlin, popularized the name through his book \"Indonesien oder die Inseln des Malayischen Archipels, 1884–1894\".",
"The first Indonesian scholar to use the name was Suwardi Suryaningrat (Ki Hajar Dewantara), when he established a press bureau in the Netherlands with the name \"Indonesisch Pers-bureau\" in 1913."
] |
[] |
Iberian Peninsula line
|
How much ground almonds by percentage must almond paste contain to be called marzipan in Sweden and Finland?
|
Marzipan
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
9
] |
[
"Another possible geographic origin is in Spain, then known as Al-Andalus.",
"In Toledo (850-900, though more probably 1150 during the reign of Alfonso VII) this specialty was known as \"Postre Regio\" instead of \"Mazapán\") and there are also mentions in The Book of One Thousand and One Nights of an almond paste eaten during Ramadan and as an aphrodisiac.",
"Mazapán is Toledo's most famous dessert, often created for Christmas, and has PGI status.",
"Almonds have to be at least 50% of the total weight, following the directives of \"Mazapán de Toledo\" regulator counseil.",
"Another idea to support this line is the important tradition of another Spanish almond-based Christmas confectionery, the turron.",
"Under EU law, marzipan must have a minimum almond oil content of 14% and a maximum moisture content of 8.5%.",
"Optional additional ingredients are rosewater, honey, pistachios, preservatives, and sometimes hazelnut.",
"In the U.S., marzipan is not officially defined, but it is generally made with a higher ratio of sugar to almonds than almond paste.",
"One brand, for instance, has 28% almonds in its marzipan, and 45% almonds in its almond paste.",
"However, in Sweden and Finland almond paste refers to a marzipan that contains 50% ground almonds, a much higher quality than regular marzipan.",
"In Germany, Lübecker Marzipan is known for its quality.",
"It contains 66% almonds.",
"The original manually produced Mozartkugeln are made from green pistachio marzipan."
] |
[
5
] |
Conservation
|
How old is the Mona Lisa?
|
Mona Lisa
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"The \"Mona Lisa\" has survived for more than 500 years, and an international commission convened in 1952 noted that \"the picture is in a remarkable state of preservation.\"",
"This is partly due to the result of a variety of conservation treatments the painting has undergone.",
"A detailed analysis in 1933 by Madame de Gironde revealed that earlier restorers had \"acted with a great deal of restraint.\"",
"Nevertheless, applications of varnish made to the painting had darkened even by the end of the 16th century, and an aggressive 1809 cleaning and revarnishing removed some of the uppermost portion of the paint layer, resulting in a washed-out appearance to the face of the figure.",
"Despite the treatments, the \"Mona Lisa\" has been well cared for throughout its history, and although the panel's warping caused the curators \"some worry\", the 2004–05 conservation team was optimistic about the future of the work."
] |
[
5
] |
Mythology
|
What serves as a symbol of the sun in Near Eastern civilizations?
|
Great Sphinx of Giza
| true | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"Colin Reader has proposed that the Sphinx was probably the focus of solar worship in the Early Dynastic Period, before the Giza Plateau became a necropolis in the Old Kingdom (c. 2686–2134 BC).",
"He ties this in with his conclusions that the Sphinx, the Sphinx temple, the Causeway and the Khafra mortuary temple are all part of a complex which predates Dynasty IV (c. 2613–2494 BC).",
"The lion has long been a symbol associated with the sun in ancient Near Eastern civilizations.",
"Images depicting the Egyptian king in the form of a lion smiting his enemies date as far back as the Early Dynastic Period.",
"In the New Kingdom, the Sphinx became more specifically associated with the god \"Hor-em-akhet\" (Hellenized: \"Harmachis\") or Horus at the Horizon, which represented the pharaoh in his role as the \"Shesep-ankh\" (English: \"Living Image\") of the god Atum.",
"Pharaoh Amenhotep II (1427–1401 or 1397 BC) built a temple to the north east of the Sphinx nearly 1000 years after its construction, and dedicated it to the cult of \"Hor-em-akhet\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Landscape
|
The shadow in the foreground references what mountain?
|
The Persistence of Memory
| false | 3ART
|
[
2
] |
[
"The craggy rocks to the right represent a tip of Cap de Creus peninsula in north-eastern Catalonia.",
"Many of Dalí's paintings were inspired by the landscapes of his life in Catalonia.",
"The strange and foreboding shadow in the foreground of this painting is a reference to Mount Pani."
] |
[
0
] |
Accommodation
|
How many restaurants were on the first level of the Eiffel Tower?
|
Eiffel Tower
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
0
] |
[
"When built, the first level contained three restaurants (one French, one Russian and one Flemish) and an \"Anglo-American Bar\".",
"After the exposition closed the Flemish restaurant was converted to a 250 seat theatre.",
"A promenade ran around the outside.",
"On the third level there were laboratories for various experiments and a small apartment reserved for Gustave Eiffel to entertain guests.",
"This is now open to the public, complete with period decorations and lifelike models of Gustave and some guests."
] |
[
5
] |
Background and location
|
Why is it impossible to provide an undisputed description of the battle?
|
Battle of Hastings
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
1
] |
[
"Background and location.",
"Because many of the primary accounts contradict each other at times, it is impossible to provide a description of the battle that is beyond dispute.",
"The only undisputed facts are that the fighting began at 9 am on Saturday 14 October 1066 and that the battle lasted until dusk.",
"Sunset on the day of the battle was at 4:54 pm, with the battlefield mostly dark by 5:54 pm and in full darkness by 6:24 pm.",
"Moonrise that night was not until 11:12 pm, so once the sun set, there was little light on the battlefield.",
"William of Jumieges reports that Duke William kept his army armed and ready against a surprise night attack for the entire night before.",
"The battle took place north of Hastings at the present-day town of Battle, between two hills – Caldbec Hill to the north and Telham Hill to the south.",
"The area was heavily wooded, with a marsh nearby.",
"The name traditionally given to the battle is unusual – there were several settlements much closer to the battlefield than Hastings.",
"The \"Anglo-Saxon Chronicle\" called it the battle \"at the hoary apple tree\".",
"Within 40 years, the battle was also known as \"Senlac\", a Norman-French adaptation of the Old English word \"Sandlacu\", which means \"sandy water\".",
"This may have been the name of the stream that crosses the battlefield.",
"The battle was already being referred to as \"bellum Hasestingas\" or \"Battle of Hastings\" by 1087, in the \"Domesday Book\".",
"Sunrise was at 6:48 am that morning, and reports of the day record that it was unusually bright.",
"The weather conditions are not recorded.",
"The route that the English army took to the battlefield is not known precisely.",
"Several roads are possible: one, an old Roman road that ran from Rochester to Hastings has long been favoured because of a large coin hoard found nearby in 1876.",
"Another possibility is a Roman road between London and Lewes and then over local tracks to the battlefield.",
"Some accounts of the battle indicate that the Normans advanced from Hastings to the battlefield, but the contemporary account of William of Jumieges places the Normans at the site of the battle the night before.",
"Most historians incline towards the former view, but M. K. Lawson argues that William of Jumieges's account is correct."
] |
[
1
] |
Production and development
|
What is the name of Chris Messina's character on The Mindy Project?
|
The Mindy Project
| true | 1TV
|
[
6
] |
[
"The series was initially commissioned by NBC, but the pilot with the working title \"It's Messy\" was released from NBC's projects on January 27, 2012.",
"Universal then sent the script to Fox executives who read it over that following weekend.",
"On January 30, 2012, Fox greenlit the pilot, with Mindy Kaling attached to star.",
"Casting announcements for the remaining series regular roles began in February 2012, with Ed Weeks cast in the role of Dr. Jeremy Reed, a sexy, British doctor in the practice.",
"Zoe Jarman and Dana DeLorenzo then joined in series regular roles.",
"Jarman signed on to play Betsy Putch, an upbeat receptionist at the practice; whilst DeLorenzo joined as Shauna Dicanio, a young, party loving receptionist in the practice.",
"In mid-March, Chris Messina joined the cast as Dr. Danny Castellano, an arrogant doctor who works at the practice.",
"Shortly after, Anna Camp boarded the series as Gwen Grandy, a stay-at-home mom and Mindy's best friend.",
"On May 9, 2012, Fox placed a series order for the comedy.",
"Two days later, the title was changed from \"It's Messy\" to \"The Mindy Project.\"",
"Two months later, Amanda Setton, Stephen Tobolowsky and Ike Barinholtz joined the series.",
"Setton replaced Dana DeLorenzo in the role of Shauna; Tobolowsky joined in the series regular role of Dr. Marc Shulman, the senior partner of the practice; and Barinholtz signed onto the recurring role of Morgan Tookers, a quirky rehabilitated ex-con who joins the practice as a nurse.",
"On August 27, 2012, the pilot episode was made available to view online on various sites including Fox, in an attempt to garner interest in the series.",
"On October 8, 2012, Fox ordered a full season of \"The Mindy Project\".",
"In the middle of the first season, the network made changes to the show's cast.",
"On November 20, 2012, it was reported that Amanda Setton's role had been eliminated and that Anna Camp had been downgraded to a recurring cast member.",
"Stephen Tobolowsky's role was also eliminated, with his character retiring in the eighth episode.",
"Beth Grant, who guest starred as Nurse Beverly in episode two, returned as a series regular in episode fifteen.",
"Ike Barinholtz was also upgraded to series regular.",
"Xosha Roquemore, who guest starred in the final few episodes of season one as Tamra, was upped to series regular beginning with season two.",
"Adam Pally, who originally signed on for a recurring role, was upgraded to series regular during season two.",
"On March 4, 2013, the series was renewed for a second season, which began on September 17, 2013.",
"On November 21, 2013, Fox announced that \"The Mindy Project\" would take a mid-season hiatus, before returning on April 1, 2014.",
"Fox announced the third season renewal of \"The Mindy Project\" on March 7, 2014."
] |
[
0
] |
Box office
|
How much money did Teen Wolf make worldwide?
|
Teen Wolf
| true | 1TV
|
[
3
] |
[
"Box office.",
"Released on August 23, 1985, \"Teen Wolf\" debuted at #2 in its opening weekend, behind \"Back to the Future\" (also starring Michael J.",
"Fox).",
"After its initial run, the film grossed $33,086,661 domestically, with a worldwide gross of about $80 million."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
Which Roman goddess is the word cereal derived from?
|
Cereal
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
6
] |
[
"A cereal is a grass, a member of the monocot family Poaceae, cultivated for the edible components of its grain (botanically, a type of fruit called a caryopsis), composed of the endosperm, germ, and bran.",
"Cereal grains are grown in greater quantities and provide more food energy worldwide than any other type of crop; they are therefore staple crops.",
"In their natural form (as in \"whole grain\"), they are a rich source of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats, oils, and protein.",
"However, when refined by the removal of the bran and germ, the remaining endosperm is mostly carbohydrate and lacks the majority of the other nutrients.",
"In some developing nations, grain in the form of rice, wheat, millet, or maize constitutes a majority of daily sustenance.",
"In developed nations, cereal consumption is moderate and varied but still substantial.",
"The word \"cereal\" derives from \"Ceres\", the name of the Roman goddess of harvest and agriculture."
] |
[] |
Key elements
|
What is the symbolism of the taller captain?
|
The Night Watch
| true | 3ART
|
[
12
] |
[
"The painting is renowned for three characteristics: its colossal size (), the effective use of light and shadow (chiaroscuro), and the perception of motion in what would have traditionally been a static military portrait.",
"The painting was completed in 1642, at the peak of the Dutch Golden Age.",
"It depicts the eponymous company moving out, led by Captain Frans Banning Cocq (dressed in black, with a red sash) and his lieutenant, Willem van Ruytenburch (dressed in yellow, with a white sash).",
"With effective use of sunlight and shade, Rembrandt leads the eye to the three most important characters among the crowd, the two gentlemen in the centre (from whom the painting gets its original title), and the small girl in the centre left background.",
"Behind them, the company's colours are carried by the ensign, Jan Visscher Cornelissen.",
"Rembrandt has displayed the traditional emblem of the Arquebusiers in the painting in a natural way: the girl in yellow dress in the background is carrying the main symbols.",
"She is a kind-of mascot herself: the claws of a dead chicken on her belt represent the \"clauweniers\" (arquebusiers); the pistol behind the chicken stands for 'clover'; and, she is holding the militia's goblet.",
"The man in front of her is wearing a helmet with an oak leaf, a traditional motif of the Arquebusiers.",
"The dead chicken is also meant to represent a defeated adversary.",
"The colour yellow is often associated with victory.",
"Another interpretation proposes that Rembrandt designed this painting with several layers of meaning, as was common among the most talented artists.",
"Thus, the\" Night Watch\" is symmetrically divided, firstly to illustrate the union between the Dutch Protestants and the Dutch Catholics, and secondly to evoke the war effort against the Spaniards.",
"For instance, accordingly to Rembrandt's multilayered design, the taller Captain (in black) symbolizes the Dutch Protestant leadership, loyally supported by the Dutch Catholics (represented by the shorter Lieutenant, in yellow).",
"Moreover, all characters of this painting were conceived to present double readings."
] |
[
0
] |
Historiography and memory
|
Who is the author of "Continuing Debate and New Approaches in Cold War History,"
|
Cold War
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
" Hopkins, Michael F. \"Continuing Debate and New Approaches in Cold War History,\" \"Historical Journal,\" Dec 2007, Vol.",
"50 Issue 4, pp 913–934,",
" Isaac, Joel, and Duncan Bell, eds.",
"\"Uncertain Empire: American History and the Idea of the Cold War\" (2012) excerpt and text search",
" Johnston, Gordon.",
"\"Revisiting the cultural Cold War,\" \"Social History,\" Aug 2010, Vol.",
"35 Issue 3, pp 290–307",
" Nuti, Leopoldo, et al., eds.",
"\"Europe and the End of the Cold War: A Reappraisal\" (2012) excerpt and text search",
" Wiener, Jon.",
"\"How We Forgot the Cold War: A Historical Journey across America\" (2012) excerpt and text search"
] |
[
3
] |
Women's rugby union
|
Who's writing are considered the first documented source of women's rugby?
|
Rugby union
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
0
] |
[
"Records of women's rugby football date back to the late 19th century, with the first documented source being Emily Valentine's writings, stating that she set up a rugby team in Portora Royal School in Enniskillen, Ireland in 1887.",
"Although there are reports of early women's matches in New Zealand and France, one of the first notable games to prove primary evidence was the 1917 war-time encounter between Cardiff Ladies and Newport Ladies; a photo of which shows the Cardiff team before the match at the Cardiff Arms Park.",
"In the past 30 years the game has grown in popularity among female athletes, and, according to the IRB, is now played in over 100 countries.",
"The English based Women's Rugby Football Union (WRFU), responsible for women's rugby in England, Scotland Ireland and Wales, was founded in 1983, and is the oldest formally organised national governing body for women's rugby.",
"This was replaced in 1994 by the Rugby Football Union for Women (RFUW) in England with each of the other Home Nations governing their own countries.",
"The premier international competition in rugby union for women is the Women's Rugby World Cup, first held in 1991.",
"Since 1994 it has been held every four years."
] |
[
3
] |
Forms and magnetism
|
Which direction does the aurora typically extend?
|
Aurora
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"Typically the aurora appears either as a diffuse glow or as \"curtains\" that approximately extend in the east-west direction.",
"At some times, they form \"quiet arcs\"; at others (\"active aurora\"), they evolve and change constantly.",
"Each curtain consists of many parallel rays, each lined up with the local direction of the magnetic field lines, suggesting that auroras are shaped by Earth's magnetic field.",
"Indeed, satellites show that electrons are guided by magnetic field lines, spiraling around them while moving toward Earth.",
"The similarity to curtains is often enhanced by folds called \"striations\".",
"When the field line guiding a bright auroral patch leads to a point directly above the observer, the aurora may appear as a \"corona\" of diverging rays, an effect of perspective.",
"Although it was first mentioned by Ancient Greek explorer/geographer Pytheas, Hiorter and Celsius first described in 1741 evidence for magnetic control, namely, large magnetic fluctuations occurred whenever the aurora was observed overhead.",
"This indicates (it was later realized) that large electric currents were associated with the aurora, flowing in the region where auroral light originated.",
"Kristian Birkeland (1908) deduced that the currents flowed in the east-west directions along the auroral arc, and such currents, flowing from the dayside toward (approximately) midnight were later named \"auroral electrojets\" (see also Birkeland currents).",
"Still more evidence for a magnetic connection are the statistics of auroral observations.",
"Elias Loomis (1860) and later in more detail Hermann Fritz (1881) and S. Tromholt (1882) established that the aurora appeared mainly in the \"auroral zone\", a ring-shaped region with a radius of approximately 2500 km around Earth's magnetic pole.",
"It was hardly ever seen near the geographic pole, which is about 2000 km away from the magnetic pole.",
"The instantaneous distribution of auroras (\"auroral oval\") is slightly different, centered about 3–5 degrees nightward of the magnetic pole, so that auroral arcs reach furthest toward the equator about an hour before midnight.",
"The aurora can be seen best at this time, called magnetic midnight, which occurs when an observer, the magnetic pole in question and the Sun are in alignment.",
"In the 1970s, astrophysicist Joan Feynman deduced that auroras are a product of the interaction between the Earth's magnetosphere and the magnetic field of the solar wind.",
"Her work resulted from data collected by the Explorer 33 spacecraft.",
"On 26 February 2008, THEMIS probes were able to determine, for the first time, the triggering event for the onset of magnetospheric substorms.",
"Two of the five probes, positioned approximately one third the distance to the moon, measured events suggesting a magnetic reconnection event 96 seconds prior to auroral intensification.",
"Dr. Vassilis Angelopoulos of the University of California, Los Angeles, the principal investigator for the THEMIS mission, claimed, \"Our data show clearly and for the first time that magnetic reconnection is the trigger.\""
] |
[] |
Cast
|
Who is Randy?
|
Silver Linings Playbook
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
10
] |
[
" Bradley Cooper as Patrick \"Pat\" Solatano, Jr.",
" Jennifer Lawrence as Tiffany Maxwell",
" Robert De Niro as Patrizio \"Pat\" Solatano, Sr.",
" Jacki Weaver as Dolores Solatano",
" Anupam Kher as Dr. Cliff Patel",
" Chris Tucker as Danny McDaniels",
" Julia Stiles as Veronica",
" Brea Bee as Nikki Solatano",
" Shea Whigham as Jake Solatano",
" John Ortiz as Ronnie",
" Paul Herman as Randy",
" Dash Mihok as Officer Keogh"
] |
[
3
] |
RNA genomes
|
Can RNA carry genetic Information?
|
RNA
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
1
] |
[
" genomes.",
"Like DNA, RNA can carry genetic information.",
"RNA viruses have genomes composed of RNA that encodes a number of proteins.",
"The viral genome is replicated by some of those proteins, while other proteins protect the genome as the virus particle moves to a new host cell.",
"Viroids are another group of pathogens, but they consist only of RNA, do not encode any protein and are replicated by a host plant cell's polymerase."
] |
[] |
Medical concerns
|
Can a boxer tell the difference between throwing a punch that knocks someone out and a punch that kills someone?
|
Boxing
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
1
] |
[
"Knocking a person unconscious or even causing concussion may cause permanent brain damage.",
"There is no clear division between the force required to knock a person out and the force likely to kill a person.",
"Since 1980, more than 200 amateur boxers, professional boxers and Toughman fighters have died due to ring or training injuries.",
"In 1983, the \"Journal of the American Medical Association\" called for a ban on boxing.",
"The editor, Dr. George Lundberg, called boxing an \"obscenity\" that \"should not be sanctioned by any civilized society.\"",
"Since then, the British, Canadian and Australian Medical Associations also have called for bans on boxing.",
"Supporters of the ban state that boxing is the only sport where hurting the other athlete is the goal.",
"Dr. Bill O'Neill, boxing spokesman for the British Medical Association, has supported the BMA's proposed ban on boxing: \"It is the only sport where the intention is to inflict serious injury on your opponent, and we feel that we must have a total ban on boxing.\"",
"Opponents respond that such a position is misguided opinion, stating that amateur boxing is scored solely according to total connecting blows with no award for \"injury\".",
"They observe that many skilled professional boxers have had rewarding careers without inflicting injury on opponents by accumulating scoring blows and avoiding punches winning rounds scored 10-9 by the 10-point must system, and they note that there are many other sports where concussions are much more prevalent.",
"In 2007, one study of amateur boxers showed that protective headgear did not prevent brain damage, and another found that amateur boxers faced a high risk of brain damage.",
"The Gothenburg study analyzed temporary levels of neurofiliment light in cerebral spinal fluid which they conclude is evidence of damage, even though the levels soon subside.",
"More comprehensive studies of neurologiocal function on larger samples performed by Johns Hopkins University and accident rates analyzed by National Safety Council show amateur boxing is a comparatively safe sport.",
"In 1997, the American Association of Professional Ringside Physicians was established to create medical protocols through research and education to prevent injuries in boxing.",
"Professional boxing is forbidden in Norway, Iceland, Iran and North Korea.",
"It was banned in Sweden until 2007 when the ban was lifted but strict restrictions, including four three-minute rounds for fights, were imposed.",
"It was banned in Albania from 1965 till the fall of Communism in 1991; it is now legal."
] |
[] |
Arts and culture
|
How many of the Worcester Priory books are knock to still exist?
|
Dissolution of the Monasteries
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"Along with the destruction of the monasteries, some of them many hundreds of years old, the related destruction of the monastic libraries was perhaps the greatest cultural loss caused by the English Reformation.",
"Worcester Priory (now Worcester Cathedral) had 600 books at the time of the dissolution.",
"Only six of them are known to have survived intact to the present day.",
"At the abbey of the Augustinian Friars at York, a library of 646 volumes was destroyed, leaving only three known survivors.",
"Some books were destroyed for their precious bindings, others were sold off by the cartload.",
"The antiquarian John Leland was commissioned by the King to rescue items of particular interest (especially manuscript sources of Old English history), and other collections were made by private individuals; notably Matthew Parker.",
"Nevertheless much was lost, especially manuscript books of English church music, none of which had then been printed."
] |
[
5
] |
Abstract
|
What song did sting when song of the year for?
|
Every Breath You Take
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
5
] |
[
"\"Every Breath You Take\" is a song by The Police on the band's 1983 album \"Synchronicity\", written by Sting.",
"The single entered the charts at position 36 on 4 June 1983.",
"The single was one of the biggest hits of 1983, topping the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart for eight weeks and the UK Singles Chart for four weeks.",
"It also topped the \"Billboard\" Top Tracks chart for nine weeks.",
"At the 26th Annual Grammy Awards the song was nominated for three Grammy Awards including Song of the Year, Record of the Year, and Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals.",
"Sting won Song of the Year while The Police won Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals; however, it did not win Record of the Year.",
"The song ranked No.",
"84 on the \"Rolling Stone\" list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time the highest position of any new wave rock song.",
"It also ranked No.",
"25 on \"Billboard\"'s Hot 100 All-Time Top Songs.",
"The song is considered to be The Police's signature song, and in 2010 was estimated to generate between a quarter and a third of Sting's music publishing income.",
"In the USA, Every Breath You Take was the best-selling single of 1983 and fifth best-selling single of the decade."
] |
[
2,
0
] |
Properties
|
What regulates stem cell function?
|
Stem cell
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"The classical definition of a stem cell requires that it possess two properties:",
"\"Self-renewal\": the ability to go through numerous cycles of cell division while maintaining the undifferentiated state.",
"\"Potency\": the capacity to differentiate into specialized cell types.",
"In the strictest sense, this requires stem cells to be either totipotent or pluripotent—to be able to give rise to any mature cell type, although multipotent or unipotent progenitor cells are sometimes referred to as stem cells.",
"Apart from this it is said that stem cell function is regulated in a feed back mechanism."
] |
[
0
] |
Health benefits
|
Iodine is essential for what gland that controls growth and metabolism?
|
Seafood
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
13
] |
[
"Research over the past few decades has shown that the nutrients and minerals in seafood can make improvements in brain development and reproduction and has highlighted the role for seafood in the functions of the human body.",
"Doctors have known of strong links between fish and healthy hearts ever since they noticed that fish-eating Inuit populations in the Arctic had low levels of heart disease.",
"One study has suggested that adding one portion of fish a week to your diet can cut your chances of suffering a heart attack by half.",
"Fish is thought to protect the heart because eating less saturated fat and more Omega-3 can help to lower the amount of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood – two fats that, in excess, increase the risk of heart disease.",
"Omega-3 fats also have natural built-in anti-oxidants, which are thought to stop the thickening and damaging of artery walls.",
"Regularly eating fish oils is also thought to reduce the risk of arrhythmia – irregular electrical activity in the heart which increases the risk of sudden heart attacks.10-12% of the human brain is composed of lipids, including the Omega-3 fat DHA.",
"Recent studies suggest that older people can boost their brain power by eating more oily fish, what with regular consumers being able to remember better and think faster than those who don't consume at all.",
"Other research has also suggested that adding more DHA to the diet of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder can reduce their behavioural problems and improve their reading skills, while there have also been links suggested between DHA and better concentration.",
"Separate studies have suggested that older people who eat fish at least once a week could also have a lower chance of developing dementia and Alzheimer's disease.",
"Including fish as a regular part of a balanced diet has been shown to help the symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis – a painful condition that causes joints to swell up, reducing strength and mobility.",
"Studies also show that sufferers feel less stiff and sore in the morning if they keep their fish oil intake topped up.",
"Recent research has also found a link between Omega-3 fats and a slowing down in the wearing of cartilage that leads to osteoarthritis, opening the door for more research into whether eating more fish could help prevent the disease.",
"Fish is high in minerals such as zinc, iodine and selenium, which keep the body running smoothly.",
"Iodine is essential for the thyroid gland, which controls growth and metabolism, while selenium is used to make enzymes that protect cell walls from cancer-causing free radicals, and helps prevent DNA damage caused by radiation and some chemicals.",
"Fish is also a source of vitamin A, which is needed for healthy skin and eyes, and vitamin D, which is needed to help the body absorb calcium to strengthen teeth and bones."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Who wrote "The Motto?"
|
The Motto
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"\"The Motto\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Drake.",
"The song features Lil Wayne and is a digital iTunes Store bonus track from Drake's second studio album, \"Take Care\".",
"\"The Motto\" premiered on Los Angeles' Power 106 on October 31, 2011.",
"Drake released the song on his OVO blog a day later.",
"It was first played on rhythmic top 40 radio stations on November 29, 2011, as the album's fourth single.",
"The track was a commercial success in the U.S., selling over 3,000,000 copies.",
"denoting 3× Platinum status.",
"The track peaked atop both the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and US Rap Songs charts, and was ranked 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 Year-end Chart.",
"\"The Motto\" was nominated for Best Rap Song at the 55th Grammy Awards.",
"The song is one of the few songs to rank within the top 20 in the year-end chart, but to never crack the top ten, due to peaking at number 14."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
What video games was the song "Starships" by Nicki Minaj featured in?
|
Starships (song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
13
] |
[
"Starships (song)\"Starships\" is a song by Trinidadian-American singer-songwriter and rapper Nicki Minaj, taken from her second studio album \"\".",
"It was released on February 14, 2012 by Young Money, Cash Money, Universal Republic as the lead single from the album.",
"The song was written by Minaj, Nadir Khayat, Carl Falk, Rami Yacoub and Wayne Hector, and was produced by RedOne, Yacoub, and Falk.",
"\"Starships\" received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who complimented its production, though found it generic and criticized Minaj's transition towards pop music.",
"The song is Minaj's most successful single to date, peaking inside the top five in over fifteen countries.",
"It remains her most certified single to date, and has become one of the best-selling singles of all time.",
"The song also made US \"Billboard\" history, debuting in the US top ten and then spending a total of 21 consecutive weeks in the top ten.",
"Minaj has performed the song live in a number of appearances, and was the encore performance on the .",
"The corresponding music video was shot Oahu Island, Hawaii.",
"Directed by Anthony Mandler, the song features Nicki on a beach in a bikini, and near the end of the video, it shows her and a \"party-esque\" dancing to the song and performing.",
"The music video was critically acclaimed from music critics, many praising the kaleidoscope effects in the video and the fun, carefree style.",
"However, some critics noticed its postponed release, because the video for her single \"Beez in the Trap\" was released before \"Starships\" was.",
"With all the success, the song has also sparked controversy surrounding a pulled live performance.",
"The song was included in the 2012 videogame \"Dance Central 3\" and is included in the best-selling videogame \"Just Dance 2014\".",
"It is also one of the select few songs available on \"Just Dance 2014\"'s demo version.",
"In September 2013 electronic artist Clive Tanaka filed suit against Nicki Minaj and the writers of the song, claiming it infringed on his own composition and recording, \"Neu Chicago\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Cake decorating
|
What is attached to the bag using a coupler?
|
Cake
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
11
] |
[
" decorating.",
"A finished cake is often enhanced by covering it with icing, or frosting, and toppings such as sprinkles, which are also known as \"jimmies\" in certain parts of the United States and \"hundreds and thousands\" in the United Kingdom.",
"Frosting is usually made from powdered (icing) sugar, sometimes a fat of some sort, milk or cream, and often flavorings such as vanilla extract or cocoa powder.",
"Some decorators use a rolled fondant icing.",
"Commercial bakeries tend to use lard for the fat, and often whip the lard to introduce air bubbles.",
"This makes the icing light and spreadable.",
"Home bakers either use lard, butter, margarine or some combination thereof.",
"Sprinkles are small firm pieces of sugar and oils that are colored with food coloring.",
"In the late 20th century, new cake decorating products became available to the public.",
"These include several specialized sprinkles and even methods to print pictures and transfer the image onto a cake.",
"Special tools are needed for more complex cake decorating, such as piping bags or syringes, and various piping tips.",
"To use a piping bag or syringe, a piping tip is attached to the bag or syringe using a coupler.",
"The bag or syringe is partially filled with icing which is sometimes colored.",
"Using different piping tips and various techniques, a cake decorator can make many different designs.",
"Basic decorating tips include open star, closed star, basketweave, round, drop flower, leaf, multi, petal, and specialty tips.",
"Royal icing, marzipan (or a less sweet version, known as almond paste), fondant icing(also known as sugarpaste) and buttercream are used as covering icings and to create decorations.",
"Floral sugarcraft or wired sugar flowers are an important part of cake decoration.",
"Cakes for special occasions, such as wedding cakes, are traditionally rich fruit cakes or occasionally Madeira cakes, that are covered with marzipan and iced using royal icing or sugar-paste.",
"They are finished with piped borders (made with royal icing) and adorned with a piped message, wired sugar flowers, hand-formed fondant flowers, marzipan fruit, piped flowers, or crystallized fruits or flowers such as grapes or violets."
] |
[
0
] |
Works
|
Where did Rembrandt learn to use lighting effects in his works?
|
Rembrandt
| false | 3ART
|
[
18
] |
[
"In a letter to Huygens, Rembrandt offered the only surviving explanation of what he sought to achieve through his art: \"the greatest and most natural movement\", translated from \"de meeste en de natuurlijkste beweegelijkheid\".",
"The word \"beweechgelickhijt\" is also argued to mean \"emotion\" or \"motive.\"",
"Whether this refers to objectives, material or otherwise is open to interpretation; either way, critics have drawn particular attention to the way Rembrandt seamlessly melded the earthly and spiritual.",
"Earlier 20th century connoisseurs claimed Rembrandt had produced over 600 paintings, nearly 400 etchings and 2,000 drawings.",
"More recent scholarship, from the 1960s to the present day (led by the Rembrandt Research Project), often controversially, has winnowed his oeuvre to nearer 300 paintings.",
"His prints, traditionally all called etchings, although many are produced in whole or part by engraving and sometimes drypoint, have a much more stable total of slightly under 300.",
"It is likely Rembrandt made many more drawings in his lifetime than 2,000, but those extant are more rare than presumed.",
"Two experts claim that the number of drawings whose autograph status can be regarded as effectively \"certain\" is no higher than about 75, although this is disputed.",
"The list was to be unveiled at a scholarly meeting in February 2010.",
"At one time about ninety paintings were counted as Rembrandt self-portraits, but it is now known that he had his students copy his own self-portraits as part of their training.",
"Modern scholarship has reduced the autograph count to over forty paintings, as well as a few drawings and thirty-one etchings, which include many of the most remarkable images of the group.",
"Some show him posing in quasi-historical fancy dress, or pulling faces at himself.",
"His oil paintings trace the progress from an uncertain young man, through the dapper and very successful portrait-painter of the 1630s, to the troubled but massively powerful portraits of his old age.",
"Together they give a remarkably clear picture of the man, his appearance and his psychological make-up, as revealed by his richly weathered face.",
"In his portraits and self-portraits, he angles the sitter's face in such a way that the ridge of the nose nearly always forms the line of demarcation between brightly illuminated and shadowy areas.",
"A Rembrandt face is a face partially eclipsed; and the nose, bright and obvious, thrusting into the riddle of halftones, serves to focus the viewer's attention upon, and to dramatize, the division between a flood of light—an overwhelming clarity—and a brooding duskiness.",
"In a number of biblical works, including \"The Raising of the Cross\", \"Joseph Telling His Dreams\" and \"The Stoning of Saint Stephen\", Rembrandt painted himself as a character in the crowd.",
"Durham suggests that this was because the Bible was for Rembrandt \"a kind of diary, an account of moments in his own life.",
"\"Among the more prominent characteristics of Rembrandt's work are his use of chiaroscuro, the theatrical employment of light and shadow derived from Caravaggio, or, more likely, from the Dutch Caravaggisti, but adapted for very personal means.",
"Also notable are his dramatic and lively presentation of subjects, devoid of the rigid formality that his contemporaries often displayed, and a deeply felt compassion for mankind, irrespective of wealth and age.",
"His immediate family—his wife Saskia, his son Titus and his common-law wife Hendrickje—often figured prominently in his paintings, many of which had mythical, biblical or historical themes."
] |
[
4
] |
Abstract
|
What type of cuisine do fajitas originate from?
|
Fajita
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
0
] |
[
"A fajita (; ) is a term found in Tex-Mex cuisine, commonly referring to any grilled meat usually served as a taco on a flour or corn tortilla.",
"The term originally referred to the cut of beef used in the dish which is known as skirt steak.",
"Popular meats today also include chicken, pork, shrimp, and all cuts of beef.",
"In restaurants, the meat is often cooked with onions and bell peppers.",
"Popular condiments are shredded lettuce, sour cream, guacamole, salsa, pico de gallo, cheese, and tomato.",
"The northern Mexican variant of the dish name is Arrachera."
] |
[
0
] |
Antecedents
|
Who did Atl back during the revolution?
|
Mexican muralism
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
20
] |
[
"Mexico has had a tradition of painting murals, starting with the Olmec civilization in the pre Hispanic period and into the colonial period, with murals mostly painted to evangelize and reinforce Christian doctrine.",
"The modern tradition has its roots in the 19th century, with this use of political and social themes.",
"The first Mexican mural painter to use philosophical themes in his work was Juan Cordero in the mid 19th century.",
"Although he did mostly work with religious themes such as the cupola of the Santa Teresa Church and other churches, he painted a secular mural at the request of Gabino Barreda at the Escuela Nacional Preparatoria (since disappeared).",
"The latter 19th century was dominated politically by the Porfirio Díaz regime.",
"This government was the first to push for the cultural development of the country, supporting the Academy of San Carlos and sending promising artists abroad to study.",
"However, this effort left out indigenous culture and people, with aim of making Mexico like Europe.",
"Gerardo Murillo, also known as Dr. Atl, is considered to be the first modern Mexican muralists with the idea that Mexican art should reflect Mexican life.",
"Academy training and the government had only promoted imitations of European art.",
"Atl and other early muralists pressured the Diaz government to allow them to paint on building walls to escape this formalism.",
"Atl also organized an independent exhibition of native Mexican artists promoting many indigenous and national themes along with color schemes that would later appear in mural painting.",
"The first modern Mexican mural, painted by Atl, was a series of female nudes using “Atlcolor” a substance Atl invented himself, very shortly before the beginning of the Mexican Revolution .",
"Another influence on the young artists of the late Porfirian period was the graphic work of José Guadalupe Posada, who mocked European styles and created cartoons with social and political criticism.",
"The Mexican Revolution itself was the culmination of political and social opposition to Porfirio Díaz policies.",
"One important oppositional group was a small intellectual community that included Antonio Curo, Alfonso Reyes and José Vasconcelos.",
"They promoted a populist philosophy that coincided with the social and political criticism of Atl and Posada and influenced the next generation of painters such as Diego Rivera, José Clemente Orozco and David Alfaro Siqueiros.",
"These ideas gained power as a result of the Mexican Revolution, which overthrew the Díaz regime in less than a year.",
"However, there was nearly a decade of fighting among the various factions vying for power.",
"Governments changed frequently with a number of assassination, including that of Francisco I. Madero who initiated the struggle.",
"It ended in the early 1920s with one-party rule in the hands of the Álvaro Obregón faction, which became the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI).",
"During the Revolution, Atl supported the Carranza faction and promoted the work of Rivera, Orozco and Siqueiros, who would later be the founders of the muralism movement.",
"Through the war and until 1921, Atl continued to paint murals among other activities including teaching the Mexico’s next generation of artists and muralists."
] |
[
3
] |
Difference between classical and modern physics
|
What replace notions of absolute time and space with spacetime?
|
Physics
| false | 8SCIENCE
|
[
3
] |
[
"While physics aims to discover universal laws, its theories lie in explicit domains of applicability.",
"Loosely speaking, the laws of classical physics accurately describe systems whose important length scales are greater than the atomic scale and whose motions are much slower than the speed of light.",
"Outside of this domain, observations do not match their predictions.",
"Albert Einstein contributed the framework of special relativity, which replaced notions of absolute time and space with spacetime and allowed an accurate description of systems whose components have speeds approaching the speed of light.",
"Max Planck, Erwin Schrödinger, and others introduced quantum mechanics, a probabilistic notion of particles and interactions that allowed an accurate description of atomic and subatomic scales.",
"Later, quantum field theory unified quantum mechanics and special relativity.",
"General relativity allowed for a dynamical, curved spacetime, with which highly massive systems and the large-scale structure of the universe can be well-described.",
"General relativity has not yet been unified with the other fundamental descriptions; several candidate theories of quantum gravity are being developed."
] |
[
0
] |
Surrender of Japan and subsequent occupation
|
When did the Emporer inform the family he was surrendering?
|
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"Until August 9, Japan's war council still insisted on its four conditions for surrender.",
"On that day Hirohito ordered Kōichi Kido to \"quickly control the situation ... because the Soviet Union has declared war against us.\"",
"He then held an Imperial conference during which he authorized minister Shigenori Tōgō to notify the Allies that Japan would accept their terms on one condition, that the declaration \"does not comprise any demand which prejudices the prerogatives of His Majesty as a Sovereign ruler.",
"\"On August 12, the Emperor informed the imperial family of his decision to surrender.",
"One of his uncles, Prince Asaka, then asked whether the war would be continued if the \"kokutai\" could not be preserved.",
"Hirohito simply replied \"Of course.\"",
"As the Allied terms seemed to leave intact the principle of the preservation of the Throne, Hirohito recorded on August 14 his capitulation announcement which was broadcast to the Japanese nation the next day despite a short rebellion by militarists opposed to the surrender.",
"In his declaration, Hirohito referred to the atomic bombings:In his \"Rescript to the Soldiers and Sailors\" delivered on August 17, he stressed the impact of the Soviet invasion and his decision to surrender, omitting any mention of the bombs.",
"Hirohito met with General MacArthur on September 27, saying to him that \"he peace party did not prevail until the bombing of Hiroshima created a situation which could be dramatized.\"",
"Furthermore, the \"Rescript to the Soldiers and Sailors\" speech he told MacArthur about was just personal, not political, and never stated that the Soviet intervention in Manchuria was the main reason for surrender.",
"In fact, a day after the bombing of Nagasaki and the Soviet invasion of Manchuria, Hirohito ordered his advisers, primarily Chief Cabinet Secretary Hisatsune Sakomizu, Kawada Mizuho, and Masahiro Yasuoka, to write up a surrender speech.",
"In Hirohito's speech, days before announcing it on radio on August 15, he gave three major reasons for surrender: Tokyo's defenses would not be complete before the American invasion of Japan, Ise Shrine would be lost to the Americans, and atomic weapons deployed by the Americans would lead to the death of the entire Japanese race.",
"Despite the Soviet intervention, Hirohito did not mention the Soviets as the main factor for surrender."
] |
[
2
] |
Foreign relations
|
Does the united states participate in the g8 and g20?
|
United States
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
2
] |
[
"The United States has an established structure of foreign relations.",
"It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, and New York City is home to the United Nations Headquarters.",
"It is a member of the G8, G20, and Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.",
"Almost all countries have embassies in Washington, D.C., and many have consulates around the country.",
"Likewise, nearly all nations host American diplomatic missions.",
"However, Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Bhutan, and the Republic of China (Taiwan) do not have formal diplomatic relations with the United States (although the U.S. still supplies Taiwan with military equipment).",
"The United States has a \"special relationship\" with the United Kingdom and strong ties with Canada, Australia, New Zealand, the Philippines, Japan, South Korea, Israel, and several European countries, including France and Germany.",
"It works closely with fellow NATO members on military and security issues and with its neighbors through the Organization of American States and free trade agreements such as the trilateral North American Free Trade Agreement with Canada and Mexico.",
"In 2008, the United States spent a net $25.4 billion on official development assistance, the most in the world.",
"As a share of America's large gross national income (GNI), however, the U.S. contribution of 0.18% ranked last among 22 donor states.",
"By contrast, private overseas giving by Americans is relatively generous.",
"The U.S. exercises full international defense authority and responsibility for three sovereign nations through Compact of Free Association with Micronesia, the Marshall Islands and Palau, all of which are Pacific island nations which were part of the U.S.-administered Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands beginning after World War II, and gained independence in subsequent years."
] |
[] |
Soviet Union centre – the new General Secretary
|
When was Michail Gorbachev elected General secretary?
|
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
1
] |
[
"Soviet Union centre – the new General Secretary.",
"Mikhail Gorbachev was elected General Secretary by the Politburo on 11 March 1985, only three hours after Konstantin Chernenko's death.",
"At age 54, he was the youngest member of the Politburo.",
"Gorbachev's primary goal as General Secretary was to revive the Soviet economy after the stagnant Brezhnev years.",
"In an effort to revive the stagnant Soviet economy, in 1985 new Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev began a process of increasing political liberalization (glasnost/perestroika) in the communist one-party state.",
"In 1985, he announced that the Soviet economy was stalled and that reorganization was needed.",
"Gorbachev soon realized that fixing the Soviet economy would be nearly impossible without reforming the political and social structure of the Communist nation.",
"The reforms began in personnel changes.",
"On 23 April 1985 Gorbachev brought his two proteges Yegor Ligachev, and Nikolai Ryzhkov into the Politburo as full members, and sensibly took the opportunity to keep the 'power' ministries happy by promoting KGB Head Viktor Chebrikov from candidate to full member of the Politburo, and appointing Minister of Defence Marshal Sergei Sokolov a Politburo candidate member.",
"Nikonov was brought into the CPSU Central Committee Secretariat.",
"However, this liberalization led to the emergence from 1986 onwards of nationalist movements and ethnic disputes within the diverse republics of the Soviet Union.",
"It also led to the revolutions of 1989, which saw the mainly peaceful (Romania excepted) toppling of the Soviet imposed Communist regimes of the Warsaw Pact, which in turn increased pressure on Gorbachev to introduce greater democracy and autonomy for the Soviet Union's constituent republics.",
"Under Gorbachev's leadership, the Communist Party of the Soviet Union in 1989 introduced limited competitive elections to a new central legislature, the Congress of People's Deputies, although a ban on other political parties was not lifted until 1990.",
"A 17 March 1991 referendum showed 76.4% of Soviet citizens voting to retain the Union.",
"However, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Moldavia, Georgia, and Armenia did not participate.",
"In May 1985 in Leningrad Gorbachev made a speech advocating widespread reforms.",
"One of the first reforms Gorbachev introduced was the anti-alcohol campaign, begun in May 1985, which was designed to fight widespread alcoholism in the Soviet Union.",
"Prices of vodka, wine, and beer were raised, and their sales were restricted.",
"It was a serious blow to the state budget, a loss of approximately 100 billion rubles according to Alexander Yakovlev, after alcohol production migrated to the black market economy.",
"The purpose of these reforms, however, was to prop up the existing centrally planned economy, unlike later reforms, which tended toward market socialism.",
"On 1 July 1985 Gorbachev promoted Eduard Shevardnadze First Secretary of the Georgian Communist Party to full member of the Politburo, and the following day appointed Shevardnadze as Minister of Foreign Affairs replacing Andrei Gromyko.",
"Gromyko, disparaged as \"Mr Nyet\" in the West, had served for 28 years as Minister of Foreign Affairs and was considered an 'old thinker' who was kicked upstairs to the mainly ceremonial position of Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet, which was officially Soviet Head of State.",
"Also on July 1, 1985 Gorbachev took the opportunity to dispose of his main rival by removing Grigory Romanov from the Politburo, and brought Boris Yeltsin and Lev Zaikov into the CPSU Central Committee Secretariat.",
"In the fall Gorbachev continued his program to bring forward younger and more energetic men into the government.",
"On September 27, 1985 Nikolai Ryzhkov replaced 79 year old Nikolai Tikhonov as Chairman of the Council of Ministers, effectively the Soviet Prime Minister, and on 14 October 1985 Nikolai Talyzin replaced Nikolai Baibakov as Chairman of the State Planning Committee (GOSPLAN).",
"At the next Central Committee meeting on 15 October 1985 Tikhonov retired from the Politburo and Nikolai Talyzin became a candidate member.",
"Finally on 23 December 1985 Gorbachev appointed Boris Yeltsin First Secretary of the Moscow Communist Party replacing Viktor Grishin."
] |
[
2
] |
Origins
|
Where were the earliest evidence of cheesemaking found?
|
Cheese
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Cheese is an ancient food whose origins predate recorded history.",
"There is no conclusive evidence indicating where cheesemaking originated, either in Europe, Central Asia or the Middle East, but the practice had spread within Europe prior to Roman times and, according to Pliny the Elder, had become a sophisticated enterprise by the time the Roman Empire came into being.",
"The earliest evidence of cheese-making in the archaeological record dates back to 5,500 BCE, in what is now Kujawy, Poland, where strainers with milk fats molecules have been found.",
"Earliest proposed dates for the origin of cheesemaking range from around 8000 BCE, when sheep were first domesticated.",
"Since animal skins and inflated internal organs have, since ancient times, provided storage vessels for a range of foodstuffs, it is probable that the process of cheese making was discovered accidentally by storing milk in a container made from the stomach of an animal, resulting in the milk being turned to curd and whey by the rennet from the stomach.",
"There is a legend – with variations – about the discovery of cheese by an Arab trader who used this method of storing milk.",
"Cheesemaking may have begun independently of this by the pressing and salting of curdled milk to preserve it.",
"Observation that the effect of making milk in an animal stomach gave more solid and better-textured curds may have led to the deliberate addition of rennet.",
"Early archeological evidence of Egyptian cheese has been found in Egyptian tomb murals, dating to about 2000 BCE.",
"The earliest cheeses were likely to have been quite sour and salty, similar in texture to rustic cottage cheese or feta, a crumbly, flavorful Greek cheese.",
"Cheese produced in Europe, where climates are cooler than the Middle East, required less salt for preservation.",
"With less salt and acidity, the cheese became a suitable environment for useful microbes and molds, giving aged cheeses their respective flavors."
] |
[
4
] |
Culture
|
The dances marinera, tondero and huayno are popular in what country?
|
Peru
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
21
] |
[
"Peruvian culture is primarily rooted in Amerindian and Spanish traditions, though it has also been influenced by various Asian, African, and other European ethnic groups.",
"Peruvian artistic traditions date back to the elaborate pottery, textiles, jewelry, and sculpture of Pre-Inca cultures.",
"The Incas maintained these crafts and made architectural achievements including the construction of Machu Picchu.",
"Baroque dominated colonial art, though modified by native traditions.",
"During this period, most art focused on religious subjects; the numerous churches of the era and the paintings of the Cuzco School are representative.",
"Arts stagnated after independence until the emergence of \"Indigenismo\" in the early 20th century.",
"Since the 1950s, Peruvian art has been eclectic and shaped by both foreign and local art currents.",
"Peruvian literature is rooted in the oral traditions of pre-Columbian civilizations.",
"Spaniards introduced writing in the 16th century; colonial literary expression included chronicles and religious literature.",
"After independence, Costumbrism and Romanticism became the most common literary genres, as exemplified in the works of Ricardo Palma.",
"The early 20th century's \"Indigenismo\" movement was led by such writers as Ciro Alegría and José María Arguedas.",
"César Vallejo wrote modernist and often politically engaged verse.",
"Modern Peruvian literature is recognized thanks to authors such as Nobel laureate Mario Vargas Llosa, a leading member of the Latin American Boom.",
"Peruvian cuisine blends Amerindian and Spanish food with strong influences from Chinese, African, Arab, Italian, and Japanese cooking.",
"Common dishes include \"anticuchos\", \"ceviche\", and \"pachamanca\".",
"Peru's varied climate allows the growth of diverse plants and animals good for cooking.",
"Peru's diversity of ingredients and cooking techniques is receiving worldwide acclaim.",
"Peruvian music has Andean, Spanish, and African roots.",
"In pre-Hispanic times, musical expressions varied widely in each region; the \"quena\" and the \"tinya\" were two common instruments.",
"Spaniards introduced new instruments, such as the guitar and the harp, which led to the development of crossbred instruments like the \"charango\".",
"African contributions to Peruvian music include its rhythms and the \"cajón\", a percussion instrument.",
"Peruvian folk dances include marinera, tondero, zamacueca, diablada and huayno."
] |
[
0
] |
Recurring
|
Who does Jay Duplass pay in The Mindy Project?
|
The Mindy Project
| true | 1TV
|
[
4
] |
[
" Tommy Dewey as Josh Daniels, a lawyer; Mindy's former boyfriend.",
" Utkarsh Ambudkar as Rishi Lahiri, Mindy's younger brother, an aspiring rapper.",
" Kelen Coleman as Alex, a friend of Mindy.",
" Mark Duplass as Brendan Deslaurier, a male midwife.",
" Jay Duplass as Duncan Deslaurier, a male midwife.",
" Bill Hader as Tom McDougall, a dentist; former boyfriend of Mindy.",
" Anders Holm as Casey Peerson, a Christian minister; Mindy's former fiancé.",
" Chloë Sevigny as Christina, Danny's ex-wife.",
" Ellie Kemper as Heather, Josh's ex-girlfriend and Mindy's neighbor.",
" Glenn Howerton as Cliff Gilbert, a handsome lawyer in the same building as Shulman & Associates'."
] |
[
3
] |
Toronto International Film Festival
|
Why did Peter Debruge believe that Looper was a good film?
|
Looper (film)
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
4,
5
] |
[
"James Mottram of \"Total Film\" gave \"Looper\" 5 stars out of 5, concluding that it was \"the best sci-fi movie since \"Moon\".",
"The best time-travel yarn since \"12 Monkeys\".",
"And one of the best films of 2012.",
"\"Todd McCarthy of \"The Hollywood Reporter\" gave the film a positive review, calling it \"an engaging, neatly worked-out time-travel sci-fi thriller\", but also criticizing the effects involved in making Gordon-Levitt resemble Willis: \"At first, the effect is a bit odd, and you can't quite put your finger on what's off; then it feels downright weird to be looking at a version of Gordon-Levitt who is no longer the actor you've known for a few years now.",
"\"Peter Debruge of \"Variety\" also gave the film a positive review, writing that writer-director Johnson's \"grandly conceived, impressively mounted third feature shows a giddy, geeky interest in science-fiction, then forces it into the back seat and lets the multidimensional characters drive.",
"In a genre infamous for loose ends, this thinking man's thriller marshals action, romance and a dose of very dark comedy toward a stunning payoff.\""
] |
[
1
] |
Reception
|
The Humane Society of the United States investigated which company that supplies Walmart with pig products?
|
Bacon
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
7
] |
[
"Bacon has received mixed reviews from the public.",
"On one hand, bacon has received a positive reception by the public.",
"\"Bacon Today\" states that bacon has a very valuable amount of protein that is \"valuable to maintaining our energy levels and a fully functioning, healthy body, with a minimum of those nasty, waist, thigh and butt expanding, fat building carbohydrates.\"",
"\"Everything Tastes Better with Bacon\", a book by Sara Perry, is a cookbook that compliments bacon's many uses in cooking.",
"On the other hand, as with most meat products, producers of bacon have received heavy criticism for how their pigs are treated.",
"Many petitions and protests have occurred trying to raise awareness and change how producers treat their pigs.",
"Many of these protests have turned out successful: for example, following NBC News's report of an undercover investigation of an abusive pig farm, Tyson Foods terminated their contract with the pig farm.",
"Similar to NBC's investigation, The Humane Society of the United States (HSUS) investigated Seaboard Foods, one of the pig breeding facilities that supply Walmart.",
"According to HSUS, the pigs were treated poorly and abused.",
"Walmart spokesperson Diana Gee said, \"\"As soon as we were made aware of the allegations, we immediately reached out to Seaboard to begin investigating the issue ...",
"Pending our review, we will take any action necessary.\"\"",
"Petitions also exist that oppose poor treatment of pigs, many of which state that the current treatment of pigs in factories is cruel and unethical."
] |
[] |
Abstract
|
What country adds a slice of ham or bacon to the parmiginia?
|
Chicken parmigiana
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
2
] |
[
"Chicken parmigiana (also referred to as a \"parmi\" or \"parma\") is a chicken dish based on the Italian Parmigiana, and is regularly served in Australian pubs.",
"The meal consists of a breaded chicken breast, or chicken schnitzel, covered with a tomato-based neapolitan sauce and cheese.",
"In Australia the addition of a slice of ham or bacon makes up the parmigiana.",
"The dish is typically served with a side of chips and salad, although there is some dispute as to whether the chips should be served under or next to the chicken.",
"Size is considered to be a major part of the chicken parmigiana, and increased competition has led to a greater focus on the size of the meal.",
"Some restaurants hold competitions with prizes for people who successfully finish a large chicken parmigiana, such as the \"Parmageddon\" which was held in an Adelaide Hills pub.",
"The popularity of the chicken parmigiana led to a specialised chicken parmigiana restaurant opening in Melbourne, and the chicken parmigiana is the subject of reviews on dedicated websites which compare the dish as purchased from various pubs within a region.",
"Other meals have also taken on the chicken parmigiana theme, including pies and Subway sandwiches."
] |
[
0
] |
Related works
|
Who decided the work was disrespectful to Mandela?
|
The Anatomy Lesson of Dr. Nicolaes Tulp
| true | 3ART
|
[
9
] |
[
"",
"\"The anatomy lesson of Joan Deyman\" (or \"Jan Deijman\")[http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rembrandt_Harmensz._van_Rijn_008.jpg] painted by Rembrandt in 1656, was intended to be displayed in the Anatomical Hall in Amsterdam alongside \"The anatomy lesson of Tulp.",
"Deijman was Tulp's immediate successor in the post of praelector chirugic et anatomie.",
"The painting was damaged by fire in 1723, and only a central fragment survives.",
"Around 1856 Édouard Manet visited The Hague and made a small oil on panel copy of \"The Anatomy Lesson\".",
"Broadly painted in a limited palette, Manet gave the painting to his physician, Dr. Siredey.",
"A less detailed copy of The Anatomy Lesson of Dr Nicolaes Tulp by an unknown artist hangs in Edinburgh as part of The University of Edinburgh Fine Art Collection\"The Gross Clinic\" of 1875 and \"The Agnew Clinic\" of 1889 are paintings by the American artist Thomas Eakins which treat a similar subject, operations on live patients in the presence of medical students.",
"In 2010, Yiull Damaso created a parody of the painting depicting prominent South Africans.",
"Nelson Mandela was the cadaver, Nkosi Johnson was the instructor, and the students were Desmond Tutu, F. W. de Klerk, Thabo Mbeki, Jacob Zuma, Cyril Ramaphosa, Trevor Manuel, and Helen Zille.",
"The African National Congress condemned the work as disrespectful to Mandela, racist, and culturally insensitive to African taboos on depiction of living people as dead.",
"The 2011 video game \"\" references the painting in both in-game portraits that can be found on the wall and in a certain cinematic trailer, featuring the main protagonist Adam Jensen as the cadaver as Dr. Nicolaes and his students study his charred and ruined arms, which in the actual story become amputated and replaced with mechanical limbs.",
"The painting is discussed by the narrator (a young man) and his mother during a visit to the Met in \"The Goldfinch\", a 2013 novel by Donna Tartt.",
"In the 2012 German film Barbara, there is a scene in which Dr. Andre offers his interpretation of the painting to Dr. Barbara when she points out the inaccuracy of Arendt's left hand."
] |
[
3
] |
Competitive strategy
|
When is a score of zero awarded in a dive?
|
Diving
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
6
] |
[
"To win dive meets, divers create a dive list in advance of the meet.",
"To win the meet the diver must accumulate more points than other divers.",
"Often, simple dives with low DDs will look good to spectators but will not win meets.",
"The competitive diver will attempt the highest DD dives possible with which they can achieve consistent, high scores.",
"If divers are scoring 8 or 9 on most dives, it may be a sign of their extreme skill, or it may be a sign that their dive list is not competitive, and they may lose the meet to a diver with higher DDs and lower scores.",
"In competition, divers must submit their lists beforehand, and once past a deadline (usually when the event is announced or shortly before it begins) they cannot change their dives.",
"If they fail to perform the dive announced, even if they physically cannot execute the dive announced or if they perform a more difficult dive, they will receive a score of zero.",
"Under exceptional circumstances, a redive may be granted, but these are exceedingly rare (usually for very young divers just learning how to compete, or if some event outside the diver's control has caused them to be unable to perform).",
"In the Olympics or other highly competitive meets, many divers will have nearly the same list of dives as their competitors.",
"The importance for divers competing at this level is not so much the DD, but how they arrange their list.",
"Once the more difficult rounds of dives begin it is important to lead off with a confident dive to build momentum.",
"They also tend to put a very confident dive in front of a very difficult dive to ensure that they will have a good mentality for the difficult dive.",
"Most divers have pre-dive and post-dive rituals that help them either maintain or regain focus.",
"Coaches also play a role in this aspect of the sport.",
"Many divers rely on their coaches to help keep their composure during the meet.",
"In a large meet coaches are rarely allowed on the deck to talk to their athlete so it is common to see coaches using hand gestures to communicate.",
"There are some American meets which will allow changes of the position of the dive even after the dive has been announced immediately before execution, but these are an exception to the rules generally observed internationally.",
"Generally, NCAA rules allow for dives to be changed while the diver is on the board, but the diver must request the change directly after the dive is announced.",
"This applies especially in cases where the wrong dive is announced.",
"If the diver pauses during his or her hurdle to ask for a change of dive, it will be declared a balk and the change of dive will not be permitted.",
"Under FINA law, no dive may be changed after the deadline for the dive-sheet to be submitted (generally a period ranging from one hour to 24 hours, depending on the rulings made by the event organiser).",
"It is the diver's responsibility to ensure that the dive-sheet is filled in correctly, and also to correct the referee or announcer before the dive if they describe it incorrectly.",
"If a dive is performed which is as submitted but not as (incorrectly) announced, it is declared failed and scores zero according to a strict reading of the FINA law.",
"But in practice, a re-dive would usually be granted in these circumstances."
] |
[
2
] |
Support crew
|
Who were the Apollo 11 support crew members?
|
Apollo 11
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0,
1,
2,
3,
4,
5,
6,
7,
8
] |
[
"Charlie Duke, Capsule Communicator (CAPCOM)",
"Ronald Evans (CAPCOM)",
"Owen K. Garriott (CAPCOM)",
"Don L. Lind (CAPCOM)",
"Ken Mattingly (CAPCOM)",
"Bruce McCandless II (CAPCOM)",
"Harrison Schmitt (CAPCOM)",
"Bill Pogue",
"Jack Swigert"
] |
[
3
] |
Culture
|
When did Brazilian cinema get new international acclaim?
|
Brazil
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
6
] |
[
"The core culture of Brazil is derived from Portuguese culture, because of its strong colonial ties with the Portuguese empire.",
"Among other influences, the Portuguese introduced the Portuguese language, Roman Catholicism and colonial architectural styles.",
"The culture was, however, also strongly influenced by African, indigenous and non-Portuguese European cultures and traditions.",
"Some aspects of Brazilian culture were influenced by the contributions of Italian, German and other European as well Japanese, Jewish and Arab immigrants who arrived in large numbers in the South and Southeast of Brazil.",
"The indigenous Amerindians influenced Brazil's language and cuisine; and the Africans influenced language, cuisine, music, dance and religion.",
"Brazilian art has developed since the 16th century into different styles that range from Baroque (the dominant style in Brazil until the early 19th century) to Romanticism, Modernism, Expressionism, Cubism, Surrealism and Abstractionism.",
"Brazilian cinema dates back to the birth of the medium in the late 19th century and has gained a new level of international acclaim since the 1960s."
] |
[
2
] |
Curry in the West Indies
|
What type of curried meat is mainly made in Jamaica and Trinidad?
|
Curry
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
3
] |
[
" in the West Indies.",
"In the West Indies, curry is a very popular dish.",
"The Indian indentured servants that were brought over from India by different European powers, brought this dish, as well as their culture, to the West Indies.",
"In Jamaica and Trinidad, curried goat is prominently featured.",
"Curry can be found at both inexpensive and upscale Caribbean restaurants, and ingredients can range from chicken or vegetables to shellfish such as shrimp and scallops.",
"Examples of curries in the West Indies include:",
" Jamaica: Especially curried chicken, goat, fish and shrimp.",
" Trinidad and Tobago: Most notably curried chicken, duck, goat, beef (eaten by Muslims and Christians) shrimp, and curry aloo, along with various curried wild meats.",
" Guyana: Chicken curry, goat curry, duck curry, shrimp curry, beef curry (eaten by Muslims and Christians), aloo curry (potato), fish (different varieties) curry, etc."
] |
[
0
] |
Administrative divisions
|
Where does Pakistan practice de facto jurisdiction?
|
Pakistan
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
1
] |
[
"Pakistan is a federation of four provinces: Punjab, Sindh, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Balochistan, as well as the Islamabad Capital Territory and the Federally Administered Tribal Areas in the northwest, which include the Frontier Regions.",
"The government of Pakistan exercises \"de facto\" jurisdiction over the western parts of the disputed Kashmir region, organised into the separate political entities Azad Kashmir and Gilgit–Baltistan (formerly Northern Areas).",
"The \"Gilgit–Baltistan Empowerment and Self-Governance Order\" of 2009 assigned a province-like status to the latter, giving it self-government.",
"Local government follows a three-tier system of districts, tehsils and union councils, with an elected body at each tier.",
"There are about 130 districts altogether, of which Azad Kashmir has ten and Gilgit–Baltistan seven.",
"The Tribal Areas comprise seven tribal agencies and six small frontier regions detached from neighbouring districts.",
"Law enforcement in Pakistan is carried out by federal and provincial police agencies.",
"The four provinces and the Islamabad Capital Territory each have a civilian police force with jurisdiction limited to the relevant province or territory.",
"At the federal level, there are a number of civilian agencies with nationwide jurisdictions; including the Federal Investigation Agency, the National Highways and Motorway Police, and several paramilitary forces such as the Pakistan Rangers and the Frontier Corps.",
"The court system of Pakistan is organised as a hierarchy, with the Supreme Court at the apex, below which are High Courts, Federal Shariat Courts (one in each province and one in the federal capital), District Courts (one in each district), Judicial Magistrate Courts (in every town and city), Executive Magistrate Courts and Civil Courts.",
"Pakistan's penal code has limited jurisdiction in the Tribal Areas, where law is largely derived from tribal customs."
] |
[
4
] |
Expert assessments
|
What year did the Rembrandt Research Project begin?
|
Rembrandt
| false | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"In 1968 the Rembrandt Research Project began under the sponsorship of the Netherlands Organization for the Advancement of Scientific Research; it was initially expected to last a highly optimistic ten years.",
"Art historians teamed up with experts from other fields to reassess the authenticity of works attributed to Rembrandt, using all methods available, including state-of-the-art technical diagnostics, and to compile a complete new catalogue raisonné of his paintings.",
"As a result of their findings, many paintings that were previously attributed to Rembrandt have been removed from their list, although others have been added back.",
"Many of those removed are now thought to be the work of his students.",
"One example of activity is \"The Polish Rider\", in New York's Frick Collection.",
"Rembrandt's authorship had been questioned by at least one scholar, Alfred von Wurzbach, at the beginning of the twentieth century, but for many decades later most scholars, including the foremost authority writing in English, Julius S. Held, agreed that it was indeed by the master.",
"In the 1980s, however, Dr. Josua Bruyn of the Foundation Rembrandt Research Project, cautiously and tentatively attributed the painting to one of Rembrandt's closest and most talented pupils, Willem Drost, about whom little is known.",
"But Bruyn's remained a minority opinion, the suggestion of Drost's authorship is now generally rejected, and the Frick itself never changed its own attribution, the label still reading \"Rembrandt\" and not \"attributed to\" or \"school of\".",
"More recent opinion has shifted even more decisively in favor of the Frick, with Simon Schama in his 1999 book \"Rembrandt's Eyes\", and a Rembrandt Project scholar, Ernst van de Wetering (Melbourne Symposium, 1997) both arguing for attribution to the master.",
"Those few scholars who still question Rembrandt's authorship feel that the execution is uneven, and favour different attributions for different parts of the work.",
"A similar issue was raised by Simon Schama in his book \"Rembrandt's Eye\" concerning the verification of titles associated with the subject matter depicted in Rembrandt's works.",
"For example, the exact subject being portrayed in \"Aristotle with a Bust of Homer\" (recently retitled by curators at the Metropolitan Museum) has been directly challenged by Schama applying the scholarship of Paul Crenshaw.",
"Schama presents a substantial argument that it was the famous ancient Greek painter Apelles who is depicted in contemplation by Rembrandt and not Aristotle.",
"Another painting, \"Pilate Washing His Hands\", is also of questionable attribution.",
"Critical opinion of this picture has varied since 1905, when Wilhelm von Bode described it as \"a somewhat abnormal work\" by Rembrandt.",
"Scholars have since dated the painting to the 1660s and assigned it to an anonymous pupil, possibly Aert de Gelder.",
"The composition bears superficial resemblance to mature works by Rembrandt but lacks the master's command of illumination and modeling.",
"The attribution and re-attribution work is ongoing.",
"In 2005 four oil paintings previously attributed to Rembrandt's students were reclassified as the work of Rembrandt himself: \"Study of an Old Man in Profile\" and \"Study of an Old Man with a Beard\" from a US private collection, \"Study of a Weeping Woman\", owned by the Detroit Institute of Arts, and \"Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet\", painted in 1640.",
"Rembrandt's own studio practice is a major factor in the difficulty of attribution, since, like many masters before him, he encouraged his students to copy his paintings, sometimes finishing or retouching them to be sold as originals, and sometimes selling them as authorized copies.",
"Additionally, his style proved easy enough for his most talented students to emulate.",
"Further complicating matters is the uneven quality of some of Rembrandt's own work, and his frequent stylistic evolutions and experiments.",
"As well, there were later imitations of his work, and restorations which so seriously damaged the original works that they are no longer recognizable.",
"It is highly likely that there will never be universal agreement as to what does and what does not constitute a genuine Rembrandt."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
What's the name of the 15th book?
|
Pretty Little Liars
| true | 1TV
|
[
11
] |
[
"Pretty Little Liars is a series of young-adult novels by author Sara Shepard, beginning with 2006's inaugural entry of the same name.",
"The series follows the lives of four girls – Spencer Hastings, Hanna Marin, Aria Montgomery, and Emily Fields – whose clique falls apart after the disappearance of their leader, Alison DiLaurentis, in the summer after 7th grade.",
"Later, when the girls are juniors in high school, they begin receiving various messages from someone using the alias \"A\" who threatens to expose their secrets.",
"The novels explore several different topics and themes such as bullying, murder, drug addiction, underage drinking, eating disorders, homosexuality, peer-pressure, infidelity, and mental illness.",
"Moral ambiguity and the consequences of lying (suggested by the title) are featured prominently in the series; the girls constantly create their own problems through their unwillingness or inability to tell the truth about certain events and misdeeds they have done.",
"The novels have appeared on the \"The New York Times\" Best Seller list.",
"A television series adaptation loosely based on the novels debuted on June 8, 2010 on ABC Family.",
"The twelfth book in the series, \"Burned\", was released on December 4, 2012.",
"A prequel, \"Ali's Pretty Little Lies\", was released on January 2, 2013.",
"Additionally, a thirteenth book, \"Crushed\", was released June 4, 2013.",
"The fourteenth book, \"Deadly\", was released on December 3, 2013.",
"On June 3, 2014 the 15th book Toxic is to be released.",
"Shepard revealed that she is planning on writing three more novels for the series."
] |
[
0
] |
Curries of Maharashtra
|
What is Khandeshi's best known dish?
|
Curry
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
6
] |
[
"The curries of Maharashtra vary from mildly spicy to very spicy and include vegetarian, mutton, chicken and fish.",
"Coastal Maharashtrian – Konkani – curries use coconut extensively along with spices.",
"In western Maharashtra, curries are very spicy and groundnut (peanut) powder is often added to it.",
"Vidarbha's cuisine is usually spicier than that of the coastal and southern regions.",
"The ingredients commonly used are besan, or chickpea flour, and groundnut powder.",
"As a result of the long Islamic Moghul rule in the region, the cuisine of Aurangabad has been highly influenced by the North Indian method of cooking.",
"Khandeshi food is very spicy and the most famous dish is Shev bhaji.",
"Others include brinjal wange, che bharit, Udidachi dal, Bharleli wangi, thecha bhakari, and spicy mutton.",
"Most of the people are farmers so their traditional food is very simple."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
How many parts did the Louisiana territory encompass of?
|
Louisiana Purchase
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"The Louisiana Purchase ( \"Sale of Louisiana\") was the acquisition by the United States of America in 1803 of of France's claim to the territory of Louisiana.",
"The U.S. paid 50 million francs ($11,250,000) plus cancellation of debts worth 18 million francs ($3,750,000), for a total sum of 15 million dollars (around 4 cents per acre) for the Louisiana territory ($ million in dollars, less than 42 cents per acre).",
"The Louisiana territory encompassed all or part of 15 present U.S. states and two Canadian provinces.",
"The land purchased contained all of present-day Arkansas, Missouri, Iowa, Oklahoma, Kansas, and Nebraska; parts of Minnesota that were west of the Mississippi River; most of North Dakota; most of South Dakota; northeastern New Mexico; northern Texas; the portions of Montana, Wyoming, and Colorado east of the Continental Divide; Louisiana west of the Mississippi River, including the city of New Orleans; and small portions of land that would eventually become part of the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan.",
"France controlled this vast area from 1699 until 1762, the year it gave the territory to its ally Spain.",
"Under Napoleon Bonaparte, France took back the territory in 1800 in the hope of building an empire in North America.",
"A slave revolt in Haiti and an impending war with Britain, however, led France to abandon these plans and sell the entire territory to the United States, which had originally intended only to seek the purchase of New Orleans and its adjacent lands.",
"The purchase of the territory of Louisiana took place during the presidency of Thomas Jefferson.",
"At the time, the purchase faced domestic opposition because it was thought to be unconstitutional.",
"Although he agreed that the U.S. Constitution did not contain provisions for acquiring territory, Jefferson decided to go ahead with the purchase anyway in order to remove France's presence in the region and to protect both U.S. trade access to the port of New Orleans and free passage on the Mississippi River."
] |
[
5
] |
Tourism
|
What was the reason for the demise of tourism in Lebanon in 2010?
|
Lebanon
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
6
] |
[
"The tourism industry accounts for about 10% of GDP.",
"Lebanon managed to attract around 1,333,000 tourists in 2008, thus placing it as rank 79 out of 191 countries.",
"In 2009, the New York Times ranked Beirut the No.",
"1 travel destination worldwide due to its Unique Nightlife and Hospitality.",
"In January 2010, the Ministry of Tourism announced that 1,851,081 tourists had visited Lebanon in 2009, a 39% increase from 2008.",
"In 2009, Lebanon hosted the largest number of tourists to date, eclipsing the previous record set before the Lebanese Civil War.",
"Tourist arrivals reached 2 million in 2010, but fell by 37% for the first 10 months of 2012, a decline caused by the war in neighbouring Syria.",
"Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Japan are the three most popular origin countries of foreign tourists to Lebanon.",
"The recent influx of Japanese tourists is probably the reason for the recent rise in popularity of Japanese Cuisine in Lebanon."
] |
[
0
] |
Atzerodt fails to attack Andrew Johnson
|
When did Atzerodt rent room 126?
|
Assassination of Abraham Lincoln
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"Booth had assigned George Atzerodt to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson, who was staying at the Kirkwood House in Washington.",
"Atzerodt was to go to the Vice President's room at 10:15 p.m. and shoot him.",
"On April 14, Atzerodt rented room 126 at the Kirkwood, directly above the room where Johnson was staying.",
"He arrived at the Kirkwood at the appointed time and went to the bar downstairs, carrying on his person a gun and a knife.",
"Atzerodt asked the bartender, Michael Henry, about the Vice President's character and behavior.",
"After spending some time at the hotel saloon, Atzerodt got drunk and wandered away through the streets of Washington.",
"Nervous, he tossed his knife away in the street.",
"He made his way to the Pennsylvania House Hotel by 2 a.m., where he checked into a room and went to sleep.",
"Earlier that day, Booth stopped by the Kirkwood House and left a note for Johnson that read, \"I don't wish to disturb you.",
"Are you at home?",
"J. Wilkes Booth.\"",
"The card was picked up that night by Johnson's personal secretary, William Browning.",
"This message has been interpreted in many different ways throughout the years.",
"One theory is that Booth, being afraid that Atzerodt would not succeed in killing Johnson, or worried that Atzerodt would not have the courage to carry out the assassination, tried to use the message to implicate Johnson in the conspiracy.",
"Another theory is that Booth was actually trying to contact Browning in order to find out whether or not Johnson was expected to be at the Kirkwood that night."
] |
[
2
] |
Development and production
|
When did ABC green-light the pilot episode of Last Man Standing?
|
Last Man Standing (U.S. TV series)
| false | 1TV
|
[
2
] |
[
"",
"\"Last Man Standing\" first appeared on ABC's development slate in late 2010 when writer Jack Burditt received a put pilot commitment from the network under the original title \"Man Up\".",
"In January 2011, ABC green-lighted production of a pilot episode under the title \"Last Days of Man\".",
"On February 18, Tim Allen, who had been attached to the potential series from the beginning, officially joined the project in the lead role.",
"At the end of March, Nancy Travis joined the cast in the leading female role as Allen's \"smart and loving wife who doesn't miss much\".",
"Soon thereafter, Héctor Elizondo came on board in a supporting role as the boss to Allen's character.",
"On May 13, 2011, ABC picked up the pilot for the 2011–2012 television season under the new title \"Last Man Standing\".",
"On May 17, 2011, ABC announced that the series would air on Tuesday nights at 8/7 Central.",
"It debuted on October 11, 2011, with the first two episodes airing in a one-hour premiere.",
"On November 3, 2011, the series was picked up for a full season of twenty-two episodes.",
"On January 12, 2012, the order was increased to twenty-four episodes.",
"On May 11, 2012, ABC renewed the series for a second season set to air in the 2012–2013 season in November.",
"On June 11, 2012, Tim Doyle was hired as the new showrunner of the series.",
"Doyle is the third showrunner that the series has had since it entered production.",
"Doyle will be replacing Kevin Abbott, who joined the staff as the showrunner mid-way in the first season, Abbott replaced series creator Jack Burditt, who was the showrunner for the first thirteen episodes.",
"Unlike, Burditt who is no longer credited as an executive producer, Abbott will continue to serve as an executive producer along with showrunning the fellow ABC sitcom \"Malibu Country\" starring Reba McEntire.",
"Both \"Last Man Standing\" and \"Malibu Country\" aired as a part of ABC's Friday night lineup for the 2012–2013 primetime television season.",
"On November 8, 2012, Abbott re-joined the \"Last Man Standing\" crew full-time, after a stint in rehab and gave Nastaran Dibai full showrunning duties of \"Malibu Country\".",
"On June 11, 2012, it was announced that Alexandra Krosney (Kristin) was let go from the show for creative reasons.",
"Krosney was replaced by Amanda Fuller in season 2.",
"On June 19, 2012, it was also announced that twins Luke and Evan Kruntchev, who played the role of Boyd in season 1, would not be returning, they were replaced by Flynn Morrison in season 2.",
"The character of Boyd was also age advanced from two years old to five years old.",
"Jordan Masterson played Ryan, Boyd's father, in a recurring role beginning in season 2.",
"The role was previously played by Nick Jonas, who guest starred in one episode in season 1.",
"The second season initially received a 13-episode order.",
"ABC announced on November 12, 2012 that an additional three scripts had been ordered.",
"On November 27, five more episodes were ordered to bring the current second season episode total to 18.",
"As of May 10, 2013, the series was renewed for a third season.",
"It premiered on September 20, 2013."
] |
[
2
] |
Background
|
Who substituted for Lola Glaudini after she departed, during the 2nd season?
|
Criminal Minds
| true | 1TV
|
[
3,
4
] |
[
"When the series premiered in 2005, it featured FBI Agents Jason Gideon (Mandy Patinkin), Aaron Hotchner (Thomas Gibson), Elle Greenaway (Lola Glaudini), Derek Morgan (Shemar Moore), Spencer Reid (Matthew Gray Gubler), Jennifer Jareau (A. J. Cook), and Penelope Garcia (Kirsten Vangsness).",
"During season one, Vangsness was not a part of the main cast, but instead appeared as a recurring star.",
"Since season two, she has been promoted to the main cast.",
"In season two (2006-07), Lola Glaudini announced her departure from the show, as she was unhappy living in Los Angeles and wished to return to Brooklyn.",
"She is replaced by Emily Prentiss (Paget Brewster), the daughter of an ambassador (Kate Jackson).",
"Although fans were initially wary of Lola Glaudini's departure, Paget Brewster's role in the show has received large praise from fans.",
"In season three, Patinkin announced his departure from the show, because he was deeply disturbed with the content depicted in the show.",
"He left apologetic letters for his fellow cast members explaining his reasons and wishing them luck.",
"He is replaced by David Rossi (Joe Mantegna), a former FBI agent and best-selling author.",
"Although fans were devastated with Mandy Patinkin's decision to leave, Joe Mantegna's role in the show has been well received, and fans eventually accepted him and his character.",
"In season four (2008-09), A. J. Cook became pregnant with her first child, fathered by her husband, Nathan Andersen.",
"Her pregnancy was written into the show, where Jennifer goes on maternity leave after giving birth to a son named Henry (played by A. J. Cook's real-life son, Mekhai Andersen).",
"Jordan Todd (Meta Golding), an FBI Agent from the Counterterrorism Unit, serves as Communications Liaison until Jennifer returns.",
"In season six, Jennifer is forced by Section Chief Erin Strauss (Jayne Atkinson) to accept a promotion at The Pentagon, causing her to leave the Behavioral Analysis Unit.",
"In episode ten, she is replaced by Ashley Seaver (Rachel Nichols), the daughter of a horrific serial killer known as \"The Redmond Ripper\".",
"Ashley transfers to the Domestic Trafficking Task Force after she graduates from the FBI academy.",
"Later in season six, Emily is seemingly killed off, although she actually survives, she does not appear at all for the rest of the season.",
"Also in season six, Jennifer returns twice as a special guest star.",
"In May 2011, CBS chose not to renew Rachel Nichols' contract for season seven (2011-12), due to her character's negative reception from fans.",
"The cause of A. J. Cook's and Paget Brewster's departure was CBS making a controversial decision to release them from their contracts, which caused numerous angry letters sent from the fans to the studio.",
"Because of this, A. J. Cook and Paget Brewster were re-hired by CBS, reprising as Jennifer Jareau and Emily Prentiss, respectively.",
"In February 2012, Paget Brewster announced her departure from the show after season seven and is replaced in season eight (2012-13) by Alex Blake (Jeanne Tripplehorn), a professor at Georgetown University.",
"Paget Brewster made a guest appearance in the show's 200th episode, reprising as Emily Prentiss."
] |
[
3
] |
Seedless fruits
|
What are examples of fruits that have no seeds?
|
Fruit
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
1
] |
[
"Seedlessness is an important feature of some fruits of commerce.",
"Commercial cultivars of bananas and pineapples are examples of seedless fruits.",
"Some cultivars of citrus fruits (especially navel oranges), satsumas, mandarin oranges, table grapes, grapefruit, and watermelons are valued for their seedlessness.",
"In some species, seedlessness is the result of \"parthenocarpy\", where fruits set without fertilization.",
"Parthenocarpic fruit set may or may not require pollination but most seedless citrus fruits require stimulus from pollination to produce fruit.",
"Seedless bananas and grapes are triploids, and seedlessness results from the abortion of the embryonic plant that is produced by fertilization, a phenomenon known as \"stenospermocarpy\" which requires normal pollination and fertilization."
] |
[
0
] |
Similar dishes
|
What is served in Coney Island restaurants around Detroit?
|
Poutine
| false | 9FOOD
|
[
11
] |
[
"",
"\"Chips and Gravy\" (\"chips\" being the British term for thicker French fries) is a staple of the cheaper bistro style menus, in such places as Royal Canadian Legion and Workers Clubs.",
"In Newfoundland and Labrador, most non-national chain restaurants serve a traditional dish called chips, dressing and gravy (a.k.a.",
"\"Newfie fries\").",
"\"Dressing\" is a mixture of mainly white bread crumbs and savoury and is often referred to as \"stuffing\" outside of Atlantic Canada.",
"Chips, dressing and gravy is served much like poutine, except for the dressing substituting for the cheese.",
"While loved by Newfoundlanders and Labradorians, the dish is not very widely known of outside the Canadian province, and within pockets of NL exiles.",
"In Prince Edward Island, a common dish is \"Fries with the Works\" which is fries with ground beef and onions, topped with thick beef gravy and fresh green peas.",
"\"Disco Fries\", also known as \"Elvis Fries,\" served in New Jersey and select New York City diners, are made with brown gravy, mozzarella, and heavier steak fries.",
"Elsewhere in the greater New York City area and Long Island, diners serve \"cheese fries,\" using either American (processed) cheese or mozzarella.",
"Diners in New York, New Jersey, and Connecticut serve \"gravy-cheese-fries\" or even \"french fries with cheese and gravy\"; these are most commonly steak fries, brown gravy, and American cheese.",
"\"Chili Cheese Fries\" are served in Coney Island restaurants around Detroit, Michigan.",
"Shoestring French Fries are covered with the hot dog sauce (\"chili\" sauce) unique to the Detroit area, then covered with shredded cheddar cheese.",
"(See Coney Island (restaurant))In Southern California, the fast food chain Tommy's has a thick, brown gravy based meat chili, and the ingredients of their chili cheese fries are comparable to those of Poutine.",
"The chili is thicker, however, and the cheese is American cheese.",
"The American fast food diner chain Waffle House offers hashbrowns \"Covered\" in processed American cheese, \"Topped\" with chili, or \"Country\" with sausage gravy amongst other topping options.",
"The chain operates throughout the United States.",
"Cheese fries are also served in many diners in the American Southwest; in Texas, for example, they usually include at least one variety of grated Cheddar cheese, and are commonly served with ranch dressing and, sometimes, bacon, jalapenos and chives, whereas in New Mexico, the fries are typically served with green chili and cheese, creating a dish that combines two Southwest favorites, french fries and chile con queso.",
"The secret menu at In-N-Out Burger includes \"animal fries,\" a dish consisting of cheese, grilled onions, and the chain's \"secret sauce\" over fries.",
"Around Chicago in Northern Illinois, up though Wisconsin and into Minnesota, cheese fries are often made using a natural cheddar spread such as Merkt's brand, which has an intense flavor and distinctive texture.",
"Chili cheese fries are a common variation."
] |
[
0
] |
Ecology
|
Name the two yeasts that lives between people's toes?
|
Yeast
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
4
] |
[
"Yeasts are very common in the environment, and are often isolated from sugar-rich materials.",
"Examples include naturally occurring yeasts on the skins of fruits and berries (such as grapes, apples, or peaches), and exudates from plants (such as plant saps or cacti).",
"Some yeasts are found in association with soil and insects.",
"The ecological function and biodiversity of yeasts are relatively unknown compared to those of other microorganisms.",
"Yeasts, including \"Candida albicans\", \"Rhodotorula rubra\", \"Torulopsis\" and \"Trichosporon cutaneum\", have been found living in between people's toes as part of their skin flora.",
"Yeasts are also present in the gut flora of mammals and some insects and even deep-sea environments host an array of yeasts.",
"An Indian study of seven bee species and 9 plant species found 45 species from 16 genera colonise the nectaries of flowers and honey stomachs of bees.",
"Most were members of the \"Candida\" genus; the most common species in honey stomachs was \"Dekkera intermedia\" and in flower nectaries, \"Candida blankii\".",
"Yeast colonising nectaries of the stinking hellebore have been found to raise the temperature of the flower, which may aid in attracting pollinators by increasing the evaporation of volatile organic compounds.",
"A black yeast has been recorded as a partner in a complex relationship between ants, their mutualistic fungus, a fungal parasite of the fungus and a bacterium that kills the parasite.",
"The yeast has a negative effect on the bacteria that normally produce antibiotics to kill the parasite, so may affect the ants' health by allowing the parasite to spread."
] |
[] |
Conception
|
What was the proposed alternate title of Grey's Anatomy?
|
Grey's Anatomy
| false | 1TV
|
[
22
] |
[
"Shonda Rhimes, the series' creator, wanted to make a show that she would enjoy watching, and thought it would be interesting to create a show about \"smart women competing against one another\".",
"When asked how she decided to develop a medical drama, Rhimes responded: The series was pitched to the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), who gave the green light, and the show was picked up as a mid-season replacement for \"Boston Legal\" in the 2005 television season.",
"Francie Calfo, executive vice president of development at ABC Entertainment, commented that ABC was looking for a medical show that was unlike the others airing at the time.",
"She pointed out that “shows are hard, and it was hard trying to figure out where ours could be different.",
"But where everybody else is speeding up their medical shows, [Rhimes found a way to slow it down, so you get to know the characters.",
"There's definitely a strong female appeal to it.",
"\"Rhimes initially conceived \"Grey's Anatomy\" as a statement against racism.",
"She endeavored to create a show that featured a racially diverse cast that allowed viewers to relate to characters regardless of race.",
"While creating characters, as well as writing the first script, the series' writers had no character descriptions in mind, and hoped to cast the best actor available for each part.",
"Rhimes has explained that if the network did not allow her to create characters this way, she would have been hesitant about moving forward with the series.",
"Female roles in particular were developed as multi-faceted characters.",
"Rhimes offered her insight on this: \"I wanted to create a world in which you felt as if you were watching very real women.",
"Most of the women I saw on TV didn't seem like people I actually knew.",
"They felt like ideas of what women are.",
"They never got to be nasty or competitive or hungry or angry.",
"They were often just the loving wife or the nice friend.",
"But who gets to be the bitch?",
"Who gets to be the three-dimensional woman?",
"\"The series debuted on March 25, 2005 and was scheduled to run in the \"Boston Legal\" time slot for four weeks.",
"However, high ratings and viewership led to it holding onto the slot for the remainder of the season.",
"ABC Entertainment President, Steve McPherson, commented on the scheduling change: \"Ultimately we decided that, without having adequate lead time or marketing dollars to devote to moving either show so late in the season, we'd continue to let [\"Grey's Anatomy\"] build on its tremendous momentum through May.\"",
"The show's title, \"Grey's Anatomy\", was devised as a play on words: a reference to both Henry Gray's medical textbook, \"Gray's Anatomy\", and the title character Dr. Meredith Grey (Ellen Pompeo).",
"Prior to broadcast, it was announced that the show's title would change from \"Grey's Anatomy\" to \"Complications\", although ultimately this did not come to pass.",
"The show was renewed for a tenth season on May 10, 2013."
] |
[
0
] |
Climate
|
What is the lowest point?
|
Tunisia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
5
] |
[
"Tunisia's climate is temperate in the north, with mild rainy winters and hot, dry summers.",
"The south of the country is desert.",
"The terrain in the north is mountainous, which, moving south, gives way to a hot, dry central plain.",
"The south is semiarid, and merges into the Sahara.",
"A series of salt lakes, known as \"chotts\" or \"shatts\", lie in an east-west line at the northern edge of the Sahara, extending from the Gulf of Gabes into Algeria.",
"The lowest point is Shatt al Gharsah, at below sea level and the highest is Jebel ech Chambi, at ."
] |
[
0
] |
Military personnel
|
What are the names of the brigadier generals?
|
The Invisible War
| true | 6MOVIES
|
[
4,
5
] |
[
" Major General Mary Kay Hertog, Director, Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office",
" Dr. Kaye Whitley, Former Director, Sexual Assault Prevention and Response Office",
" Rear Admiral Anthony Kurta, Director, Military Plans and Policy",
" General Claudia Kennedy, US Army (Retired)",
" Brigadier General Wilma L. Vaught, US Air Force (Retired)",
" Brigadier General Loree Sutton, M.D., US Army (Retired)",
" Major General Dennis Laich, US Army (Retired)"
] |
[
0
] |
Cross section
|
How do you calculate the probability of photoelectric effect?
|
Photoelectric effect
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
6
] |
[
"The photoelectric effect is one interaction mechanism between photons and atoms.",
"It is one of 12 theoretically possible interactions.",
"At the high photon energies comparable to the electron rest energy of , Compton scattering, another process, may take place.",
"Above twice this () pair production may take place.",
"Compton scattering and pair production are examples of two other competing mechanisms.",
"Indeed, even if the photoelectric effect is the favoured reaction for a particular single-photon bound-electron interaction, the result is also subject to statistical processes and is not guaranteed, albeit the photon has certainly disappeared and a bound electron has been excited (usually K or L shell electrons at gamma ray energies).",
"The probability of the photoelectric effect occurring is measured by the cross section of interaction, σ.",
"This has been found to be a function of the atomic number of the target atom and photon energy.",
"A crude approximation, for photon energies above the highest atomic binding energy, is given by:formula_19Here Z is atomic number and \"n\" is a number which varies between 4 and 5.",
"(At lower photon energies a characteristic structure with edges appears, K edge, L edges, M edges, etc.)",
"The obvious interpretation follows that the photoelectric effect rapidly decreases in significance, in the gamma ray region of the spectrum, with increasing photon energy, and that photoelectric effect increases steeply with atomic number.",
"The corollary is that high-Z materials make good gamma-ray shields, which is the principal reason that lead (Z = 82) is a preferred and ubiquitous gamma radiation shield."
] |
[
5
] |
Track listing
|
Who is the producer of "Blow Me"'s radio edit?
|
Blow Me (One Last Kiss)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
" Digital download",
" \"Blow Me (One Last Kiss)\" — 4:16",
"\"Blow Me (One Last Kiss) (Fred Falke Radio Edit)",
" CD/Digital single",
" \"Blow Me (One Last Kiss)\" — 4:16",
" \"The King Is Dead but the Queen Is Alive\" (Pink, Billy Mann, Butch Walker, Niklas \"Nikey\" Olovson, Robin Lynch) — 3:44"
] |
[
3
] |
Types of matches
|
What is a "declaration match" in the game of Cricket?
|
Cricket
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
7
] |
[
"Cricket is a multi-faceted sport with multiple formats based around playing standard and level of formality and the desired time that the match should last.",
"A pertinent division in terms of professional cricket is between matches limited by time in which the teams have two innings apiece, and those limited by number of overs, in which they have a single innings each.",
"The former, known as first-class cricket, has a duration of three to five days (there have been examples of \"timeless\" matches too); the latter, known as limited overs cricket because each team bowls a limit of typically 50 or 20 overs, has a planned duration of one day only (a match can be extended if necessary due to bad weather, etc.",
"Typically, two-innings matches have at least six hours of playing time each day.",
"Limited overs matches often last six hours or more.",
"There are usually formal intervals on each day for lunch and tea with brief informal breaks for drinks.",
"There is also a short interval between innings.",
"Amateur cricketers rarely play matches that last longer than a single day; these may loosely be divided into declaration matches, in which a specified maximum time or number of overs is assigned to the game in total and the teams swap roles only when the batting team is either completely dismissed or declares; and limited overs matches, in which a specified maximum number of overs is assigned for each team's innings individually.",
"These will vary in length between 30 and 60 overs per side at the weekend and the ever popular 20 over format during the evenings.",
"Other forms of cricket, such as indoor cricket and garden cricket remain popular.",
"Historically, a form of cricket known as single wicket had been extremely successful and many of these contests in the 18th and 19th centuries qualify as major cricket matches.",
"In this form, although each team may have from one to six players, there is only one batsman at a time and he must face every delivery bowled while his innings lasts.",
"Single wicket has rarely been played since limited overs cricket began."
] |
[
0
] |
Protoplanetary nebula
|
PPN is the abbreviation for what?
|
Nebula
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
0
] |
[
"A protoplanetary nebula (PPN) is an astronomical object which is at the short-lived episode during a star's rapid stellar evolution between the late asymptotic giant branch (LAGB) phase and the following planetary nebula (PN) phase.",
"During the AGB phase, the star undergoes mass loss, emitting a circumstellar shell of hydrogen gas.",
"When this phase comes to an end, the star enters the PPN phase.",
"The PPN is energized by the central star, causing it to emit strong infrared radiation and become a reflection nebula.",
"Collaminated stellar winds from the central star shape and shock the shell into an axially symmetric form, while producing a fast moving molecular wind.",
"The exact point when a PPN becomes a planetary nebula (PN) is defined by the temperature of the central star.",
"The PPN phase continues until the central star reaches a temperature of 30,000 K, after which is it hot enough to ionize the surrounding gas."
] |
[
0
] |
Technology and the Internet
|
Did Bitcoin appear in "The Good Wife" before any other TV show?
|
The Good Wife
| true | 1TV
|
[
4
] |
[
"",
"\"The Good Wife\" has been well received among technology enthusiasts, being described by Clive Thompson of Wired as \"the most tech-savvy show on TV\".",
"The show has explored the relationship between technology and the law, covering topics including Bitcoin, Anonymous, viral marketing in political campaigns, voice control software, virtual conferencing robots, and NSA surveillance.",
"For example, one of the firm's recurring clients is a fictional internet search company known as Chumhum, which among other issues has faced privacy lawsuits for selling users' personal data to the Chinese and Syrian government.",
"\"The Good Wife\" was the first TV show to feature Bitcoin, the virtual internet currency, with an episode featuring Bitcoin first broadcast in January 2012.",
"This led to it achieving a high level of fame amongst the Bitcoin community.",
"In the season 5 premiere, a Double Robotics robot was featured on the show which allowed a litigator to teleconference from home by controlling a tablet on wheels.",
"However, rather than glorifying the robot's features, \"The Good Wife\" turned it into a punchline with practical jokes and problems the robot could have such as it not being able to maneuver around an office and bumping into walls, doors and people and low Wi-Fi connectivity leading to buffering and loss of visual and voice communication of the person working at home.",
"In Episode 9 \"Whack-a-Mole\" \"The Good Wife\" featured a version of Reddit called \"Scabbit\" and how it affects the law and the downsides of having an \"average joe\" being an investigator trying to find a domestic terrorist.",
"It also deals with injunctions of taking down a defamatory web page on \"Scabbit\" but having another similar web page pop up soon after.",
"In Episode 11 \"Goliath and David\" the story is based around a TV Show 'Drama Camp' who stole an Indie band's cover of a rap song and deals with the legality of copyright infringement.",
"It was inspired by Jonathan Coulton who created a cover of 'Baby Got Back' and Glee, the TV series, which used an identical cover on the show.",
"The character 'Robyn Burdine' who's a private investigator for Florrick/Agos discovers that the show Drama Camp had to release the song on iTunes in Sweden before releasing it in the USA and that the engineers directly ripped the Indie band's track constituting actual theft."
] |
[] |
Background and composition
|
Why did Lennon and McCartney write a song together?
|
I Want to Hold Your Hand
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
0
] |
[
"Although it is said that Brian Epstein had encouraged Lennon and McCartney to write a song to appeal to American listeners this has been denied by George Martin.",
"McCartney had recently moved into 57 Wimpole Street, London, where he was living as a guest of Dr Richard and Margaret Asher, whose daughter, actress Jane Asher, had become McCartney’s girlfriend after meeting him earlier in the year.",
"This location briefly became Lennon and McCartney's new writing base, taking over from McCartney’s Forthlin Road home in Liverpool.",
"Margaret Asher taught the oboe in the \"small, rather stuffy music room\" in the basement where Lennon and McCartney sat at the piano and composed 'I Want to Hold Your Hand'.",
"In September 1980, Lennon told \"Playboy\" magazine:In 1994, McCartney agreed with Lennon's description of the circumstances surrounding the composition of \"I Want to Hold Your Hand\", saying:"
] |
[
1
] |
Cast
|
Who was the cyborg sent to assassinate?
|
The Terminator
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"Arnold Schwarzenegger as The Terminator, a cyborg disguised as a human being sent back in time to assassinate Sarah Connor.",
"Schwarzenegger speaks only 18 lines in the film, and less than 100 words.",
"James Cameron said that \"Somehow, even his accent worked...",
"It had a strange synthesized quality, like they hadn't gotten the voice thing quite worked out.",
"\"",
"Linda Hamilton as Sarah Connor, the Terminator's target who is soon to be the mother of the future Resistance leader John Connor.",
"Michael Biehn as Kyle Reese, a human Resistance fighter sent back in time to protect Sarah.",
"Paul Winfield as Ed Traxler, a police Lieutenant who questions Sarah.",
"Lance Henriksen as Hal Vukovich, a police detective who questions Sarah.",
"Earl Boen as Dr. Silberman, a criminal psychologist.",
"Additional actors included Bess Motta as Ginger Ventura; Rick Rossovich as Matt Buchanan; Dick Miller as the gun shop clerk; Shawn Schepps as Nancy; Bruce M. Kerner as the desk sergeant; Schwarzenegger's friend and workout partner, professional bodybuilder Franco Columbu as a Terminator in 2029; and Bill Paxton, Brad Rearden, and Brian Thompson as punks who are confronted by the Terminator; Marianne Muellerleile as one of the other women with the name \"Sarah Connor\" who was shot by the Terminator."
] |
[
3
] |
Abstract
|
Who features in the song "Take Care" by Drake?
|
The Motto
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
1
] |
[
"\"The Motto\" is a song by Canadian recording artist Drake.",
"The song features Lil Wayne and is a digital iTunes Store bonus track from Drake's second studio album, \"Take Care\".",
"\"The Motto\" premiered on Los Angeles' Power 106 on October 31, 2011.",
"Drake released the song on his OVO blog a day later.",
"It was first played on rhythmic top 40 radio stations on November 29, 2011, as the album's fourth single.",
"The track was a commercial success in the U.S., selling over 3,000,000 copies.",
"denoting 3× Platinum status.",
"The track peaked atop both the US Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs and US Rap Songs charts, and was ranked 20 on the Billboard Hot 100 Year-end Chart.",
"\"The Motto\" was nominated for Best Rap Song at the 55th Grammy Awards.",
"The song is one of the few songs to rank within the top 20 in the year-end chart, but to never crack the top ten, due to peaking at number 14."
] |
[
3
] |
China
|
How do people often cure sausages?
|
Sausage
| true | 9FOOD
|
[
5
] |
[
"A European-like-style smoked savory \"hóng cháng\" (红肠 \"red sausage\") is produced in Harbin, China's northernmost major city.",
"It is another notable product similar to Lithuanian and Polish sausages including kiełbasa and \"podhalańska\", in that they tend to be of a much more European flavours than other Chinese sausages.",
"This kind of sausage was first produced in a Russian-capitalized factory named Churin sausage factory in 1909, Since then Harbin style sausage become popular in China, especially in northern regions.",
"Lap cheong (also lap chong, lap chung, lop chong) are dried pork sausages that look and feel like pepperoni, but are much sweeter.",
"In southwestern China, sausages are flavored with salt, red pepper and wild pepper.",
"People often cure sausages by smoking and air drying."
] |
[
5
] |
Mediaeval objections
|
What were the limits of astrology according to John Gower?
|
Astrology
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
1
] |
[
"In the seventh century, Isidore of Seville argued in his \"Etymologiae\" that astronomy described the movements of the heavens, while astrology had two parts: one was scientific, describing the movements of the sun, the moon and the stars, while the other, making predictions, was theologically erroneous.",
"In contrast, John Gower in the fourteenth century defined astrology as essentially limited to the making of predictions.",
"The influence of the stars was in turn divided into natural astrology, with for example effects on tides and the growth of plants, and judicial astrology, with supposedly predictable effects on people.",
"The fourteenth century skeptic Nicole Oresme however included astronomy as a part of astrology in his \"Livre de divinacions\".",
"Oresme argued that current approaches to prediction of events such as plagues, wars, and weather were inappropriate, but that such prediction was a valid field of inquiry.",
"However, he attacked the use of astrology to choose the timing of actions (so-called interrogation and election) as wholly false, and rejected the determination of human action by the stars on grounds of free will.",
"The friar Laurens Pignon (c. 1368–1449) similarly rejected all forms of divination and determinism, including by the stars, in his 1411 \"Contre les Devineurs\".",
"This was in opposition to the tradition carried by the Arab astronomer Albumasar (787-886) whose \"Introductorium in Astronomiam\" and \"De Magnis Coniunctionibus\" argued the view that both individual actions and larger scale history are determined by the stars."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Who was the director of Moonrise Kingdom?
|
Moonrise Kingdom
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
0
] |
[
"Moonrise Kingdom is a 2012 American film directed by Wes Anderson, written by Anderson and Roman Coppola.",
"Described as an \"eccentric pubescent love story\", it features newcomers Jared Gilman and Kara Hayward in the film's main roles and an ensemble cast.",
"Filming took place in Rhode Island from April until June 29, 2011.",
"Worldwide rights to the independently-produced film were acquired by Focus Features.",
"The film received critical acclaim and was nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Screenplay.",
"It was also nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy."
] |
[
3
] |
Rebreather
|
Rebreathers are more complex and expensive opposed to what?
|
Scuba diving
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
2
] |
[
"Less common are closed circuit (CCR) and semi-closed (SCR) rebreathers, which unlike open-circuit sets that vent off all exhaled gases, process all or part of each exhaled breath for re-use by removing the carbon dioxide and replacing the oxygen used by the diver.",
"Rebreathers release little or no gas bubbles into the water, and use much less stored gas volume, for an equivalent depth and time because exhaled oxygen is recovered; this has advantages for research, military, photography, and other applications.",
"Rebreathers are more complex and more expensive than open-circuit scuba, and special training and correct maintenance are required for them to be safely used, due to the larger variety of potential failure modes.",
"In a closed-circuit rebreather the oxygen partial pressure in the rebreather is controlled, so it can be maintained at a safe continuous maximum, which reduces the inert gas (nitrogen and/or helium) partial pressure in the breathing loop.",
"Minimising the inert gas loading of the diver's tissues for a given dive profile reduces the decompression obligation.",
"This requires continuous monitoring of actual partial pressures with time and for maximum effectiveness requires real-time computer processing by the diver's decompression computer.",
"Decompression can be much reduced compared to fixed ratio gas mixes used in other scuba systems and, as a result, divers can stay down longer or require less time to decompress.",
"A semi-closed circuit rebreather injects a constant mass flow of a fixed breathing gas mixture into the breathing loop, or replaces a specific percentage of the respired volume, so the partial pressure of oxygen at any time during the dive depends on the diver's oxygen consumption and/or breathing rate.",
"Planning decompression requirements requires a more conservative approach for a SCR than for a CCR, but decompression computers with a real time oxygen partial pressure input can optimise decompression for these systems.",
"Because rebreathers produce very few bubbles, they do not disturb marine life or make a diver’s presence known at the surface; this is useful for underwater photography, and for covert work."
] |
[
0
] |
Language
|
What big immigrant groups are in Austria?
|
Austria
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
13
] |
[
"German is Austria's official language and is spoken natively by 88.6% of the population—followed by Bosnian/Croatian/Montenegrin/Serbian (4.2%), Turkish (2.3%), Hungarian (0.5%) and Polish (0.5%).",
"The official German used in education, publications, announcements and websites is German, which is mostly identical to the German used in Germany but with some vocabulary differences.",
"The German language is standardized between countries of German mother tongue, i.e., Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Luxemburg and Liechtenstein, as well as those with significant German speaking minorities: Italy, Belgium and Denmark.",
"(The German population in Elsass-Lothringen in France has no minority rights.)",
"Many local dialects are spoken in Austria, and though their base is Austrian German, their corresponding speakers meet certain degrees of difficulty when trying to understand each other.",
"The Austrian federal states of Carinthia and Styria are home to a significant indigenous Slovene-speaking minority while in the easternmost state, Burgenland (formerly part of the Hungarian portion of Austria–Hungary), there are significant Hungarian- and Croatian-speaking minorities.",
"Of the remaining number of Austria's people that are of non-Austrian descent, many come from surrounding countries, especially from the former East Bloc nations.",
"So-called guest workers \"(Gastarbeiter)\" and their descendants, as well as refugees from the Yugoslav wars and other conflicts, also form an important minority group in Austria.",
"Since 1994 the Roma–Sinti (gypsies) have been an officially recognised ethnic minority in Austria.",
"According to census information published by Statistik Austria for 2001 there were a total of 710,926 foreign nationals living in Austria.",
"Of these, the largest by far are 283,334 foreign nationals from the former Yugoslavia (of whom 135,336 speak Serbian; 105,487 Croatian; 31,591 Bosnian – i.e.",
"272,414 Austrian resident native speakers in total, plus 6,902 Slovenian and 4,018 Macedonian speakers).",
"The second largest population of linguistic and ethnic groups are the Turks (including minority of Kurds) with a number of 200,000 to 300,000 who currently live in Austria.",
"The Turks and The Kurds are the largest single immigrant group in Austria, closely followed by the Serbs.",
"The next largest population of linguistic and ethnic groups are the 124,392 who speak German as their mother tongue even though they hail from outside of Austria (mainly immigrants from Germany, some from Switzerland, South Tyrol in Italy, Romania, or the former Soviet Union); 123,417 English; 24,446 Albanian; 17,899 Polish; 14,699 Hungarian; 12,216 Romanian; 10,000 Malayali; 7,982 Arabic; 6,891 Slovak; 6,707 Czech; 5,916 Persian; 5,677 Italian; 5,466 Russian; 5,213 French; 4,938 Chinese; 4,264 Spanish; 3,503 Bulgarian.",
"The numbers for other languages fall off sharply below 3,000.",
"In 2006, some of the Austrian states introduced standardised tests for new citizens, to assure their language ability, cultural knowledge and accordingly their ability to integrate into the Austrian society.",
"For the national rules, see Austrian nationality law – Naturalisation."
] |
[
0
] |
Reception and contest
|
How many winners does the contest allow?
|
Starships (song)
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
3
] |
[
"MTV's John Mitchell criticized the video's postponed release, finding it strange that the video for the album's third single, \"Beez in the Trap\", was released before that of \"Starships\".",
"On May 28, 2012, a \"Starships\" video campaign was announced on Minaj's official website.",
"It asked fans to record a video of themselves performing \"Starships\" by singing, dancing or with a musical instrument.",
"Minaj will then select 5 winners.",
"The contest winners won tickets and passes to meet Minaj on her Pink Friday Tour.",
"The song won the MTV Video Music Award for Best Female Video in September 2012."
] |
[
5
] |
U.S. television ratings
|
Does Greys Anatomy have a larger viewership?
|
Grey's Anatomy
| true | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"",
"\"Greys Anatomy\" has received high viewership and ratings since its debut.",
"The first four seasons of the program each ranked in the top ten among all viewers, reaching its peak Nielsen ratings in the second season, attracting an average of 19.44 million viewers per episode, and ranking at fifth place overall.",
"Following the show's time-slot being relocated, overall rankings steadily declined, dropping below the top ten in its fifth season.",
"\"Grey's Anatomy\" made its greatest fall from its sixth to seventh season, slipping from seventeenth place to thirty-first.",
"The series is on a steady decline in terms of overall viewership and rankings, yet \"Grey's Anatomy\" still holds value in charts when numbers are pulled from the digital video recorder (DVR).",
"It was the most recorded show between 2007 and 2011, based on cumulative totals, and has been for several years in a row.",
"The most-watched episode of the series is \"It's the End of the World\", with 37.88 million viewers, aided by a lead-in from Super Bowl XL.",
"In contrast, the least-watched episode is \"The Lion Sleeps Tonight\", which garnered 8.19 million viewers—a 30% decrease from \"It's the End of the World\".",
"In 2011, \"Grey's Anatomy\" was named the fourth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.67 million per half hour, behind \"Desperate Housewives\", \"Two and a Half Men\", and \"American Idol\" at the top.",
"In 2012, the show was the fifth-highest revenue earning show of the year, with US$2.75 million per half hour, behind \"Glee\", \"Two and a Half Men\", \"The X Factor (U.S.)\" and \"American Idol\".",
"While \"Grey's Anatomy\" is no longer ranked in the top numbers for overall ratings, the show's ranking in the key 18–49 demographic has remained high.",
"As of season eight, the series is the highest-rated drama on television in the target demographic.",
"Below is a table of \"Grey's Anatomy\"s seasonal rankings in the U.S. television market, based on average total viewers per episode.",
"Each U.S. network television season starts in September and ends in late May, which coincides with the completion of May sweeps."
] |
[] |
Grand Slam tournaments
|
What year did the international tournament start?
|
Tennis
| true | 4SPORT
|
[
16
] |
[
"The four Grand Slam tournaments are considered to be the most prestigious tennis events in the world.",
"They are held annually and comprise, in chronological order, the Australian Open, the French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open.",
"Apart from the Olympic Games, Davis Cup, Fed Cup, and Hopman Cup, they are the only tournaments regulated by the International Tennis Federation (ITF).",
"The ITF's national associations, Tennis Australia (Australian Open), the Fédération Française de Tennis (French Open), the Lawn Tennis Association (Wimbledon) and the United States Tennis Association (US Open) are delegated the responsibility to organize these events.",
"Aside from the historical significance of these events, they also carry larger prize funds than any other tour event and are worth double the number of ranking points to the champion than in the next echelon of tournaments, the Masters 1000 (men) and Premier events (women).",
"Another distinguishing feature is the number of players in the singles draw.",
"There are 128, more than any other professional tennis tournament.",
"This draw is composed of 32 seeded players, other players ranked in the world's top 100, qualifiers, and players who receive invitations through wild cards.",
"Grand Slam men's tournaments have best-of-five set matches while the women play best-of-three.",
"Grand Slam tournaments are among the small number of events that last two weeks, the others being the Indian Wells Masters and the Miami Masters.",
"Currently, the Grand Slam tournaments are the only tour events that have mixed doubles contests.",
"Grand Slam tournaments are held in conjunction with wheelchair tennis tournaments and junior tennis competitions.",
"These tournaments also contain their own idiosyncrasies.",
"For example, players at Wimbledon are required to wear predominantly white.",
"Andre Agassi chose to skip Wimbledon from 1988 through 1990 citing the event's traditionalism, particularly its \"predominantly white\" dress code.",
"Wimbledon has its own particular methods for disseminating tickets, often leading tennis fans to follow complex procedures to obtain tickets.",
" The international tournament began in 1925"
] |
[
0
] |
Home fronts and production
|
What gave the Allies the advantage during World War 2?
|
World War II
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
0
] |
[
"In Europe, before the outbreak of the war, the Allies had significant advantages in both population and economics.",
"In 1938, the Western Allies (United Kingdom, France, Poland and British Dominions) had a 30 percent larger population and a 30 percent higher gross domestic product than the European Axis (Germany and Italy); if colonies are included, it then gives the Allies more than a 5:1 advantage in population and nearly 2:1 advantage in GDP.",
"In Asia at the same time, China had roughly six times the population of Japan, but only an 89 percent higher GDP; this is reduced to three times the population and only a 38 percent higher GDP if Japanese colonies are included.",
"Though the Allies' economic and population advantages were largely mitigated during the initial rapid blitzkrieg attacks of Germany and Japan, they became the decisive factor by 1942, after the United States and Soviet Union joined the Allies, as the war largely settled into one of attrition.",
"While the Allies' ability to out-produce the Axis is often attributed to the Allies having more access to natural resources, other factors, such as Germany and Japan's reluctance to employ women in the labour force, Allied strategic bombing, and Germany's late shift to a war economy contributed significantly.",
"Additionally, neither Germany nor Japan planned to fight a protracted war, and were not equipped to do so.",
"To improve their production, Germany and Japan used millions of slave labourers; Germany used about 12 million people, mostly from Eastern Europe, while Japan pressed more than 18 million people in Far East Asia."
] |
[
0
] |
Administrative subdivisions
|
How many provinces make up Vietnam?
|
Vietnam
| true | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"Vietnam is divided into 58 provinces (Vietnamese: \"tỉnh\", from the Chinese 省, \"shěng\").",
"There are also five municipalities (\"thành phố trực thuộc trung ương\"), which are administratively on the same level as provinces.",
"The provinces are subdivided into provincial municipalities (\"thành phố trực thuộc tỉnh\"), townships (\"thị xã\") and counties (\"huyện\"), which are in turn subdivided into towns (\"thị trấn\") or communes (\"xã\").",
"The centrally controlled municipalities are subdivided into districts (\"quận\") and counties, which are further subdivided into wards (\"phường\")."
] |
[
5
] |
Popular culture and cinema
|
What culture is the music of Persia related to?
|
Iran
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
0
] |
[
"The musical culture of Persia, while distinct, is closely related to other musical systems of the West and Central Asia.",
"It has also affinities to the music cultures of the Indian subcontinent, to a certain degree even to those of Africa, and, in the period after 1850 particularly, to that of Europe.",
"Its history can be traced to some extent through these relationships.",
"Like that of most of the world’s cultures, the music of Persia has depended on oral/aural transmission and learning.",
"Iranian cinema has thrived in modern Iran, and many Iranian directors have garnered worldwide recognition for their work.",
"Iranian movies have won over three hundred awards in the past twenty-five years including Oscars.",
"One of the best-known directors is Abbas Kiarostami."
] |
[
0
] |
Shot dead
|
Where was Archduke Franz first hit when he was assassinated?
|
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
3
] |
[
"After learning that the first assassination attempt had been unsuccessful, Princip thought about a position to assassinate the archduke on his return journey, and decided to move to a position in front of a nearby food shop (Schiller's delicatessen), near the Latin Bridge.",
"When Franz Ferdinand's car approached on its return journey, Princip stepped forward and fired two shots from a distance of about one and a half metres (5 feet) using a Belgian-made 9×17mm (.380 ACP) Fabrique Nationale model 1910 semi-automatic pistol.",
"Pistol serial numbers 19074, 19075, 19120 and 19126 were supplied to the assassins; Princip used #19074.",
"According to Albertini, \"the first bullet wounded the Archduke in the jugular vein, the second inflicted an abdominal wound on the Duchess.\"",
"Princip was immediately arrested.",
"At his sentencing, Princip stated that his intention had been to kill Governor Potiorek, rather than Sophie.",
"Both victims remained seated upright, but dying while being driven to the Governor's residence for medical treatment.",
"As reported by Count Harrach, Franz Ferdinand's last words were \"Sophie, Sophie!",
"Don't die!",
"Live for our children!\"",
"followed by six or seven utterances of \"It is nothing.\"",
"in response to Harrach's inquiry as to Franz Ferdinand's injury.",
"These utterances were followed by a long death rattle.",
"Sophie was dead on arrival at the Governor's residence.",
"Franz Ferdinand died 10 minutes later."
] |
[
2,
4
] |
Role of women
|
In what year were 180 women in Middletown, Massachusetts wove of cloth after the women of Boston produced 40,000 skeins of yarn?
|
American Revolution
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
8
] |
[
"Women contributed to the American Revolution in many ways, and were involved on both sides.",
"While formal Revolutionary politics did not include women, ordinary domestic behaviors became charged with political significance as Patriot women confronted a war that permeated all aspects of political, civil, and domestic life.",
"They participated by boycotting British goods, spying on the British, following armies as they marched, washing, cooking, and tending for soldiers, delivering secret messages, and in a few cases like Deborah Samson, fighting disguised as men.",
"Also, Mercy Otis Warren held meetings in her house and cleverly attacked Loyalists with her creative plays and histories.",
"Above all, they continued the agricultural work at home to feed their families and the armies.",
"They maintained their families during their husbands' absences and sometimes after their deaths.",
"American women were integral to the success of the boycott of British goods, as the boycotted items were largely household items such as tea and cloth.",
"Women had to return to knitting goods, and to spinning and weaving their own cloth — skills that had fallen into disuse.",
"In 1769, the women of Boston produced 40,000 skeins of yarn, and 180 women in Middletown, Massachusetts wove of cloth.",
"A crisis of political loyalties could disrupt the fabric of colonial America women's social worlds: whether a man did or did not renounce his allegiance to the King could dissolve ties of class, family, and friendship, isolating women from former connections.",
"A woman's loyalty to her husband, once a private commitment, could become a political act, especially for women in America committed to men who remained loyal to the King.",
"Legal divorce, usually rare, was granted to Patriot women whose husbands supported the King."
] |
[
0
] |
Abstract
|
Who is the manager of Yosemite National Park?
|
Yosemite National Park
| true | 2TRAVEL
|
[
1
] |
[
"Yosemite National Park ( ) is a United States National Park spanning eastern portions of Tuolumne, Mariposa and Madera counties in the central eastern portion of the U.S. state of California.",
"The park, which is managed by the National Park Service, covers an area of and reaches across the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain chain.",
"Over 3.7 million people visit Yosemite each year: most spend their time in the seven square miles (18 km2) of Yosemite Valley.",
"Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its spectacular granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, Giant Sequoia groves, and biological diversity.",
"Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness.",
"Yosemite was central to the development of the national park idea.",
"First, Galen Clark and others lobbied to protect Yosemite Valley from development, ultimately leading to President Abraham Lincoln's signing the Yosemite Grant in 1864.",
"Later, John Muir led a successful movement to establish a larger national park encompassing not just the valley, but surrounding mountains and forests as well - paving the way for the United States national park system.",
"Yosemite is one of the largest and least fragmented habitat blocks in the Sierra Nevada, and the park supports a diversity of plants and animals.",
"The park has an elevation range from and contains five major vegetation zones: chaparral/oak woodland, lower montane forest, upper montane forest, subalpine zone, and alpine.",
"Of California's 7,000 plant species, about 50% occur in the Sierra Nevada and more than 20% within Yosemite.",
"There is suitable habitat or documentation for more than 160 rare plants in the park, with rare local geologic formations and unique soils characterizing the restricted ranges many of these plants occupy.",
"The geology of the Yosemite area is characterized by granitic rocks and remnants of older rock.",
"About 10 million years ago, the Sierra Nevada was uplifted and then tilted to form its relatively gentle western slopes and the more dramatic eastern slopes.",
"The uplift increased the steepness of stream and river beds, resulting in formation of deep, narrow canyons.",
"About 1 million years ago, snow and ice accumulated, forming glaciers at the higher alpine meadows that moved down the river valleys.",
"Ice thickness in Yosemite Valley may have reached during the early glacial episode.",
"The downslope movement of the ice masses cut and sculpted the U-shaped valley that attracts so many visitors to its scenic vistas today."
] |
[
3
] |
Literature
|
In Tunisian literature, what percentage of books are published for children?
|
Tunisia
| false | 5COUNTRY
|
[
10
] |
[
"Tunisian literature exists in two forms: Arabic and French.",
"Arabic literature dates back to the 7th century with the arrival of Arab civilization in the region.",
"It is more important in both volume and value than French literature, introduced during the French protectorate from 1881.",
"Among the literary figures include Ali Douagi, who has produced more than 150 radio stories, over 500 poems and folk songs and nearly 15 plays, Khraief Bashir, an Arabic novelist who published many notable books in the 1930s and which caused a scandal because the dialogues were written in Tunisian dialect, and others such as Moncef Ghachem, Mohamed Salah Ben Mrad or Mahmoud Messaadi.",
"As for poetry, Tunisian poetry typically opts for nonconformity and innovation with poets such as Aboul-Qacem Echebbi.",
"As for literature in French, it is characterized by its critical approach.",
"Contrary to the pessimism of Albert Memmi, who predicted that literature Tunisian was sentenced to die young, a high number of Tunisian writers are abroad including Abdelwahab Meddeb, Bakri Tahar, Mustapha Tlili, Hele Beji or Mellah Fawzi.",
"The themes of wandering, exile and heartbreak are the focus of their creative writing.",
"The national bibliography lists 1249 non-school books published in 2002 in Tunisia, with 885 titles in Arabic.",
"In 2006 this figure had increased to 1,500 and 1,700 in 2007.",
"Nearly a third of the books are published for children."
] |
[
0
] |
Estrangement from family
|
In 1881, with who did Van Gogh fall in love?
|
Sien (Van Gogh series)
| true | 3ART
|
[
0
] |
[
"In the summer of 1881, van Gogh fell in love with his recently widowed cousin, Kee Vos Stricker.",
"He proposed marriage, but was rebuffed with an adamant \"no, nay, never\" (\"\"nooit, neen, nimmer\"\").",
"Undeterred, he nevertheless continued to press his attentions despite the increasing dismay and disapproval of his family which eventually led to his leaving the family home for a while to study drawing at The Hague with his cousin-in-law Anton Mauve.",
"Mauve was a successful and noted artist, a leading member of the Hague School and a master colorist whose paintings found a ready market both home and abroad.",
"He had married van Gogh's cousin, Ariëtte (Jet) Carbentus, in 1874 while she was still very young and he was already established and successful, and as such was lionised by the van Gogh family.",
"At the time, he was busy with his massive \"Fishing Boat on the Beach\" that he was preparing for the next year's Salon, but he nevertheless found time for van Gogh to advise him on his drawings, inviting him to return in a few months time to review progress.",
"After a last, humiliating, effort to win Kee over, an episode that put an end to his religious faith for ever, Van Gogh returned to his parents' home in Etten in late 1881.",
"On Christmas Day that year he refused to attend church, provoking a violent quarrel with his father, a pastor, which resulted in his leaving home the very same day.",
"He returned to The Hague and studied further under Mauve.",
"Mauve helped him to establish a modest studio on the Schenkweg on the outer fringes of The Hague, lending him money to purchase furniture, and introduced him to the Pulchri Studio, The Hague's most important art society in which he himself played a major role.",
"He also introduced Van Gogh to painting, first in oils and then with watercolor."
] |
[
3
] |
Funeral
|
Where was Kennedy's coffin buried?
|
Assassination of John F. Kennedy
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
2
] |
[
"The state funeral took place in Washington, DC during the three days that followed the assassination.",
"The body of President Kennedy was brought back to Washington, D.C. and placed in the East Room of the White House for 24 hours.",
"On the Sunday after the assassination, his coffin was carried on a horse-drawn caisson to the U.S. Capitol to lie in state.",
"Throughout the day and night, hundreds of thousands lined up to view the guarded casket.",
"Representatives from over 90 countries attended the state funeral on Monday, November 25.",
"After the Requiem Mass at St. Matthew's Cathedral, the late President was laid to rest at Arlington National Cemetery in Virginia."
] |
[
4
] |
Track listing
|
Who created the radio edit of "Blow Me"?
|
Blow Me (One Last Kiss)
| false | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
" Digital download",
" \"Blow Me (One Last Kiss)\" — 4:16",
"\"Blow Me (One Last Kiss) (Fred Falke Radio Edit)",
" CD/Digital single",
" \"Blow Me (One Last Kiss)\" — 4:16",
" \"The King Is Dead but the Queen Is Alive\" (Pink, Billy Mann, Butch Walker, Niklas \"Nikey\" Olovson, Robin Lynch) — 3:44"
] |
[
3
] |
Mediaeval objections
|
What are the differences in natural astrology and judicial astrology?
|
Astrology
| true | 8SCIENCE
|
[
2
] |
[
"In the seventh century, Isidore of Seville argued in his \"Etymologiae\" that astronomy described the movements of the heavens, while astrology had two parts: one was scientific, describing the movements of the sun, the moon and the stars, while the other, making predictions, was theologically erroneous.",
"In contrast, John Gower in the fourteenth century defined astrology as essentially limited to the making of predictions.",
"The influence of the stars was in turn divided into natural astrology, with for example effects on tides and the growth of plants, and judicial astrology, with supposedly predictable effects on people.",
"The fourteenth century skeptic Nicole Oresme however included astronomy as a part of astrology in his \"Livre de divinacions\".",
"Oresme argued that current approaches to prediction of events such as plagues, wars, and weather were inappropriate, but that such prediction was a valid field of inquiry.",
"However, he attacked the use of astrology to choose the timing of actions (so-called interrogation and election) as wholly false, and rejected the determination of human action by the stars on grounds of free will.",
"The friar Laurens Pignon (c. 1368–1449) similarly rejected all forms of divination and determinism, including by the stars, in his 1411 \"Contre les Devineurs\".",
"This was in opposition to the tradition carried by the Arab astronomer Albumasar (787-886) whose \"Introductorium in Astronomiam\" and \"De Magnis Coniunctionibus\" argued the view that both individual actions and larger scale history are determined by the stars."
] |
[
0
] |
Plot
|
Piper lived in which city?
|
Orange Is the New Black
| false | 1TV
|
[
1
] |
[
"The series revolves around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in a women's federal prison for transporting a suitcase full of drug money to her former girlfriend, Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), who is an international drug smuggler.",
"The offense occurred ten years prior to the start of the series, and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class.",
"While in prison, Piper is reunited with Alex, and they re-examine their relationship and deal with the tough inmates."
] |
[] |
Main cast
|
Why does the character George Altman in Suburgatory choose to move from New York City to upstate New York?
|
Suburgatory
| false | 1TV
|
[
0
] |
[
" Jeremy Sisto as George Altman, a single father and architect from New York City, who decides to move upstate to the suburbs wanting a better life for his daughter, Tessa.",
" Jane Levy as Tessa Altman, George's daughter, who is less than thrilled about her new suburban surroundings.",
" Carly Chaikin as Dalia Oprah Royce, a materialistic and fashion-driven girl in the popular group at school who becomes Tessa's rival.",
"She is known to have a dry sense of humor and rarely smiles.",
" Allie Grant as Lisa Marie Shay, Tessa's best friend and neighbor.",
"She is rather awkward and often very embarrassed by her family.",
" Cheryl Hines as Dallas Royce, Dalia's mother and George's neighbor and later girlfriend.",
"She employs Tessa and is a mother figure to her when she needs advice.",
" Ana Gasteyer as Sheila Shay (recurring, episodes 1–13; starring, episode 14–present), George and Tessa's nosy neighbor who lives directly across the street.",
"She is Fred's domineering wife and Lisa's very controlling mother.",
" Chris Parnell as Fred Shay (recurring, season 1; starring, season 2–present), Sheila's husband and Lisa's father.",
"He is also Ryan's adoptive father, as it was found out at the end of Season 1 that Ryan was adopted by Sheila.",
" Alan Tudyk as Noah Werner (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), George's best friend, who is a dentist.",
"He often helps George assimilate into suburban culture, having moved out of the city some years earlier.",
" Rex Lee as Mr. Wolfe (starring, season 1–2; recurring, season 3–present), the school guidance counselor, who is always in a good mood.",
"He is openly gay, after being inspired by Tessa to come out."
] |
[
1
] |
Endgame
|
What was the location of the drownings that occurred in the Battle of Austerlitz?
|
Battle of Austerlitz
| true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
14
] |
[
"Meanwhile, the northernmost part of the battlefield was also witnessing heavy fighting.",
"Prince Liechtenstein's heavy cavalry began to assault Kellerman's lighter cavalry forces after eventually arriving at the correct position in the field.",
"The fighting initially went well for the French, but Kellerman's forces took cover behind General Caffarelli's infantry division once it became clear Russian numbers were too great.",
"Caffarelli's men halted the Russian assaults and permitted Murat to send two cuirassier divisions (one commanded by d'Hautpoul and the other one by Nansouty) into the fray to finish off the Russian cavalry for good.",
"The ensuing mêlée was bitter and long, but the French ultimately prevailed.",
"Lannes then led his V Corps against Bagration's men and after hard fighting managed to drive the skilled Russian commander off the field.",
"He wanted to pursue, but Murat, who was in control of this sector in the battlefield, was against the idea.",
"Napoleon's focus now shifted towards the southern end of the battlefield where the French and the Allies were still fighting over Sokolnitz and Telnitz.",
"In an effective double-pronged assault, St. Hilaire's division and part of Davout's III Corps smashed through the enemy at Sokolnitz and persuaded the commanders of the first two columns, Generals Kienmayer and Langeron, to flee as fast as they could.",
"Buxhowden, the commander of the Allied left and the man responsible for leading the attack, was completely drunk and fled as well.",
"Kienmayer covered his withdrawal with the O'Reilly light cavalry, who gallantly managed to defeat five of six French cavalry regiments before they too had to retreat.",
"General panic now seized the Allied army and it abandoned the field in all possible directions.",
"A famous episode occurred during this retreat: Russian forces that had been defeated by the French right withdrew south towards Vienna via the Satschan frozen ponds.",
"French artillery pounded towards the men, and the ice was broken due to the bombardment.",
"The men drowned in the cold ponds, dozens of Russian artillery pieces going down with them.",
"Estimates of how many guns were captured differ: there may have been as few as 38 or more than 100.",
"Sources also differ about casualties, with figures ranging between 200 and 2,000 dead.",
"Many drowning Russians were saved by their victorious foes.",
"However, local evidence, only later made public, suggests that Napoleon's account of the catastrophe may have been totally invented; on the emperor's instructions the lakes were drained a few days after the battle and the corpses of only two or three men, with some 150 horses, were found."
] |
[
0
] |
Food and nutrition
|
What is the Malthusian trap?
|
Industrial Revolution
| false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
|
[
4
] |
[
"Chronic hunger and malnutrition were the norm for the majority of the population of the world including Britain and France, until the latter part of the 19th century.",
"Until about 1750, in large part due to malnutrition, life expectancy in France was about 35 years, and only slightly higher in Britain.",
"The U.S. population of the time was adequately fed, were much taller and had life expectancy of 45–50 years.",
"In Britain and the Netherlands food supply had been increasing and prices falling before the Industrial Revolution due to better agricultural practices; however, population was increasing as well, as noted by Thomas Malthus.",
"Prior to the Industrial Revolution, advances in agriculture or technology soon led to an increase in population, which again strained food and other resources, limiting increases in per capita income.",
"This condition is called the Malthusian trap, and it was finally overcome by industrialization.",
"Transportation improvements, such as canals and improved roads, also lowered food costs.",
"Railroads were introduced near the end of the Industrial Revolution."
] |
[
0
] |
TV Commercials
|
How many years was the mascot, Mr. Six, in retirement?
|
Six Flags
| false | 2TRAVEL
|
[
10,
3
] |
[
"In 2004, Six Flags began a series of commercials linking all of the parks.",
"The commercials were notable for a new mascot, \"Mr. Six\", an apparently feeble old man in a tuxedo and red bow tie.",
"In many of the commercials, Mr. Six would slowly exit a multi-colored bus, only to start frenetically dancing to the Vengaboys' \"We Like to Party\".",
"The commercials were an immediate hit and Mr. Six almost instantly became the official mascot, although he was initially retired after the 2005 season.",
"These ads have become widely parodied on the Internet, with faces from other Internet memes being superimposed over Mr. Six's face.",
"From 2008 to 2010, Six Flags' TV ads have a \"Fun-O-Meter\" in which the beginning of the ad may show something boring or embarrassing and a man's face judges it \"One Flag!\"",
"or sometimes \"Two Flags!\"",
"Then roller coasters and attractions of Six Flags are shown and says \"Six Flags, More Flags, More Fun!\"",
"for Six Flags parks.",
"However, the thick accent of the Asian man in the original commercials had drawn criticism for being an offensive caricature.",
"In 2009, the Mr. Six character came back from retirement and replaced the Asian man in Six Flags' ads, still using the Fun-O-Meter.",
"Since 2011, Six Flags' TV ads got a brand-new slogan \"Go Big!",
"Go Six Flags!\"",
"for its current Six Flags theme parks."
] |
[
5
] |
Writing
|
What was the original title of Terminator Salvation?
|
Terminator Salvation
| false | 6MOVIES
|
[
19
] |
[
"McG signed on to direct as the first two films were among his favorites, and he had even cast Robert Patrick (who played the T-1000) in his films.",
"Though he was initially unsure about \"flogging a dead horse,\" he felt the post-apocalyptic setting allowed the film to be different enough so as not to be just an inferior sequel.",
"The idea that events in ' and ' altered the future also allowed them to be flexible with their presentation of the futuristic world.",
"McG met with the series' co-creator James Cameron, and, although he neither blessed nor denigrated the project, Cameron told the new director he had faced a similar challenge when following Ridley Scott's \"Alien\" with \"Aliens\".",
"He maintained two elements of the previous films; that John is an outsider to the authorities, and someone of future importance is being protected, and in this film it is Kyle Reese.",
"The first full screenplay for the film was written by \"\" writers John Brancato and Michael Ferris, who received full screenplay credit.",
"Paul Haggis rewrote Brancato and Ferris's script, and Shawn Ryan made another revision three weeks before filming.",
"Jonathan Nolan also wrote on set, which led to McG characterizing his work on the script as the most important; he chose to contribute to the film after Bale signed on and created Connor's arc of becoming a leader.",
"Anthony E. Zuiker contributed to the script as well.",
"So extensive were the rewrites that Alan Dean Foster decided to rewrite the entire novelization after submitting it to his publisher, because the compiled shooting script was very different from the one he was given beforehand.",
"In the early script drafts, John was a secondary character.",
"Producer James Middleton explained \"\"\" was influenced by Jesus Christ, but it was his story.",
"Much in that way, this main character will be influenced by John Connor.\"",
"The original ending was to have John killed, and his image kept alive by the resistance by grafting his skin onto Marcus' cybernetic body.",
"However, after the ending was leaked on the Internet, Warner Bros. decided to completely change the entire third act of the film.",
"McG and Nolan did continue the Christ element of John's character though, in which he has some followers who believe what he knows about Skynet, and others who do not.",
"McG described the film's theme as \"where you draw the line between machines and humans\".",
"The friendship between Marcus — who was executed (for murder) when humanity still ruled the world — and Kyle Reese illustrates how war and suffering can bring out the best in people, such as when they worked together to survive during the Blitz.",
"The title was derived from this second chance given to humanity and to Marcus, in addition to John's efforts to save humanity from the machines.",
"The film's original title was \"Terminator Salvation: The Future Begins\", but this was dropped during filming.",
"Throughout writing, the cast and crew would watch scenes from the three films to pick moments to reference or tribute, including \"Come with me if you want to live\" and \"I'll be back\", which is uttered by John in this film.",
"McG found himself having to decide which ideas for references would be included and which would not.",
"An opening scene has John fighting a Terminator on a crashed helicopter, which was storyboarded as a homage to the climax of the original film, where his mother Sarah, having broken her leg, is chased by a crippled Terminator.",
"McG did this to reflect the skills John learned from her."
] |
[
0
] |
Chart and sales performance
|
What is the longest-running number one single in New Zealand since Smashproof's song "Brother".
|
Party Rock Anthem
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
5
] |
[
"The song reached number one on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming the duo's first number one hit in the US, and remained there for six straight weeks.",
"The song spent 68 weeks on the chart, becoming the third most total weeks on Billboard Hot 100 history.",
"It topped the 7 million downloads mark in the United States in July 2012, becoming the second fastest song in digital history to reach this plateau (in 68 weeks) just behind Adele's \"Rolling in the Deep\" which achieved it in 67 weeks, and the third-biggest selling digital single since Nielsen SoundScan began tracking digital sales in 2003.",
"It has also sold 7,695,000 copies in the US as of May 2013, and over one million copies in the UK.",
"The song spent eleven weeks at number one in New Zealand and ten weeks in Australia.",
"It is the longest-running number one single in New Zealand since Smashproof's hit single \"Brother\" in 2009, selling over 45,000 copies there, whereas in Australia, it is the longest-running number-one single since \"I Wish I Was a Punk Rocker (With Flowers in My Hair)\" by Sandi Thom in 2006 and the best-selling single of 2011.",
"Certified thirteen-times platinum, it is the second biggest-selling single of all time in Australia, behind only Elton John's \"Candle in the Wind 1997\"."
] |
[
0
] |
Notable other performances
|
What NBA player was a central figure in the "I Believe I Can Fly" song by R Kelly?
|
I Believe I Can Fly
| true | 0MUSIC
|
[
2
] |
[
"R.",
"Kelly performed the song at the 40th Annual Grammy Awards.STS-122 crew heard this song on flight day 10 as a wake up call.",
"Since its release, it has become commonly associated with the NBA, most notably with Michael Jordan.",
"It also the song was in the 1997 NBA Finals on NBC.",
"On December 21, 2011, R. Kelly performed it on X-Factor as a duet with Melanie Amaro.",
"A version of the song, recorded by the Halifax community choir, was used as the backing track to a 2012 UK TV advertisement for the Halifax Bank.",
"On October 13, 2012, when the Space Shuttle Endeavour was being transferred from Los Angeles International Airport to the California Science Center through the streets of Los Angeles, the recording was played as the shuttle left The Forum, and the song was performed live by James Ingram later that day at Debbie Allen's live show celebrating the Endeavour's arrival at the corner of Crenshaw Blvd and Martin Luther King Blvd.",
"(The shuttle was delayed over five hours in arriving there; to keep the crowd entertained, the performance went on only slightly delayed.)"
] |
[
0
] |
Playing equipment
|
What do men usually where while playing squash?
|
Squash (sport)
| false | 4SPORT
|
[
18
] |
[
"Standard racquets are governed by the rules of the game.",
"Traditionally they were made of laminated wood (typically ash), with a small strung area using natural gut strings.",
"After a rule change in the mid-1980s, they are now almost always made of composite materials or metals (graphite, Kevlar, titanium, boron) with synthetic strings.",
"Modern racquets have maximum dimensions of 686 mm (27.0 in) long and 215 mm (8.5 in) wide, with a maximum strung area of 500 square centimetres (90 sq in), the permitted maximum weight is , but most have a weight between 90 and 150 grams (3–5.3 oz.",
"Squash balls are between 39.5 and 40.5 mm in diameter, and have a weight of 23 to 25 grams.",
"They are made with two pieces of rubber compound, glued together to form a hollow sphere and buffed to a matte finish.",
"Different balls are provided for varying temperature and atmospheric conditions and standards of play: more experienced players use slow balls that have less bounce than those used by less experienced players (slower balls tend to \"die\" in court corners, rather than \"standing up\" to allow easier shots).",
"Depending on its specific rubber composition, a squash ball has the property that it bounces more at higher temperatures.",
"Squash balls must be hit dozens of times to warm them up at the beginning of a session; cold squash balls have very little bounce.",
"Small colored dots on the ball indicate its dynamic level (bounciness), and thus the standard of play for which it is suited.",
"The recognized speed colors indicating the degree of dynamism are:",
":::::",
"Some ball manufacturers such as Dunlop use a different method of grading balls based on experience.",
"They still have the equivalent dot rating, but are named to help choose a ball that is appropriate for one's skill level.",
"The four different ball types are Intro (Blue dot), Progress (Red dot), Competition (single yellow dot) and Pro (double yellow dot).",
"The \"double-yellow dot\" ball, introduced in 2000, is the competition standard, replacing the earlier \"yellow-dot\" ball.",
"There is also an \"orange dot\" ball.",
"Players wear comfortable sports clothing.",
"In competition, men usually wear shorts and a t-shirt, tank top or a polo shirt.",
"Women normally wear a skirt or skort and a t-shirt or a tank top, or a sports dress.",
"The National Institutes of Health recommends wearing goggles with polycarbonate lenses.",
"Many squash venues mandate the use of eye protection and some association rules require that all juniors and doubles players must wear eye protection."
] |
[
4,
0
] |
Subsets and Splits
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