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Soft-shell tacos | How are soft tacos made? | Taco | false | 9FOOD
| [
2
] | [
"Traditionally, soft-shelled tacos referred to corn tortillas that were cooked to a softer state than a hard taco - usually by grilling or steaming.",
"More recently the term has come to include flour tortilla based tacos mostly from large manufacturers and restaurant chains.",
"In this context, \"soft tacos\" are tacos made with wheat flour tortillas and filled with the same ingredients as a hard taco."
] | [
5
] |
Background | The song "Glad You Came" premiered on the radio in what year? | Glad You Came | false | 0MUSIC
| [
3
] | [
"The song was written and produced by Steve Mac.",
"It serves as the second single from The Wanted's second album, \"Battleground\" which was released on 7 November 2011.",
"Band member Tom Parker said of the song, \"We all felt it was a new, refreshing sound and a perfect song for the summer which really gets you in the mood for a party.\"",
"The song premiered on the radio on 24 May 2011.",
"The song was also remixed by Alex Gaudino.",
"The American television series \"Glee\" covered the track in the episode \"On My Way\", which was aired during the third season.",
"It was performed at the Regionals competition between New Directions and the Dalton Academy Warblers.",
"Sebastian (Grant Gustin) leads the performance."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | Any milk of mammals is considered to be what? | Dairy product | false | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"A dairy product is food produced from the milk of mammals.",
"Dairy products are usually high energy-yielding food products.",
"A production plant for the processing of milk is called a dairy or a dairy factory.",
"Apart from breastfed infants, the human consumption of dairy products is sourced primarily from the milk of cows, yet goats, sheep, yaks, horses, camels, and other mammals are other sources of dairy products consumed by humans.",
"Dairy products are commonly found in European, Middle Eastern, and Indian cuisine, whereas aside from Mongolian cuisine they are little-known in traditional Asian cuisine."
] | [
0
] |
Optical | Why is the practical magnification limit ~1500x for typical magnification in a light microscope? | Microscope | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
4,
5
] | [
"The most common type of microscope (and the first invented) is the optical microscope.",
"This is an optical instrument containing one or more lenses producing an enlarged image of a sample placed in the focal plane.",
"Optical microscopes have refractive glass and occasionally of plastic or quartz, to focus light into the eye or another light detector.",
"Mirror-based optical microscopes operate in the same manner.",
"Typical magnification of a light microscope, assuming visible range light, is up to 1250x with a theoretical resolution limit of around 0.250 micrometres or 250 nanometres.",
"This limits the practical magnification limit to ~1500x.",
"Specialized techniques (e.g., scanning confocal microscopy, Vertico SMI) may exceed this magnification but the resolution is diffraction limited.",
"The use of shorter wavelengths of light, such as the ultraviolet, is one way to improve the spatial resolution of the optical microscope, as are devices such as the near-field scanning optical microscope.",
"Sarfus, a recent optical technique increases the sensitivity of standard optical microscope to a point it becomes possible to directly visualize nanometric films (down to 0.3 nanometre) and isolated nano-objects (down to 2 nm-diameter).",
"The technique is based on the use of non-reflecting substrates for cross-polarized reflected light microscopy.",
"Ultraviolet light enables the resolution of microscopic features, as well as to image samples that are transparent to the eye.",
"Near infrared light can be used to visualize circuitry embedded in bonded silicon devices, since silicon is transparent in this region of wavelengths.",
"In fluorescence microscopy, many wavelengths of light, ranging from the ultraviolet to the visible can be used to cause samples to fluoresce to allow viewing by eye or with the use of specifically sensitive cameras.",
"Phase contrast microscopy is an optical microscopy illumination technique in which small phase shifts in the light passing through a transparent specimen are converted into amplitude or contrast changes in the image.",
"The use of phase contrast does not require staining to view the slide.",
"This microscope technique made it possible to study the cell cycle in live cells.",
"The traditional optical microscope has more recently evolved into the digital microscope.",
"In addition to, or instead of, directly viewing the object through the eyepieces, a type of sensor similar to those used in a digital camera is used to obtain an image, which is then displayed on a computer monitor.",
"These sensors may use CMOS or charge-coupled device (CCD) technology, depending on the application."
] | [
1
] |
Motion pictures | Which country produces the world's most-watched cinema? | India | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
0
] | [
"The Indian film industry produces the world's most-watched cinema.",
"Established regional cinematic traditions exist in the Assamese, Bengali, Hindi, Kannada, Malayalam, Punjabi, Gujarati, Marathi, Oriya, Tamil, and Telugu languages.",
"South Indian cinema attracts more than 75% of national film revenue.",
"Television broadcasting began in India in 1959 as a state-run medium of communication, and had slow expansion for more than two decades.",
"The state monopoly on television broadcast ended in the 1990s and, since then, satellite channels have increasingly shaped popular culture of Indian society.",
"Today, television is the most penetrative media in India; industry estimates indicate that as of 2012 there are over 554 million TV consumers, 462 million with satellite and/or cable connections, compared to other forms of mass media such as press (350 million), radio (156 million) or internet (37 million)."
] | [] |
Collecting from the wider world (1850–75) | At what point did the British museum begin to grow their collection? | British Museum | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
7
] | [
"Collecting from the wider world (1850–75).",
"The opening of the forecourt in 1852 marked the completion of Robert Smirke's 1823 plan, but already adjustments were having to be made to cope with the unforeseen growth of the collections.",
"Infill galleries were constructed for Assyrian sculptures and Sydney Smirke's Round Reading Room, with space for a million books, opened in 1857.",
"Because of continued pressure on space the decision was taken to move natural history to a new building in South Kensington, which would later become the British Museum of Natural History.",
"Roughly contemporary with the construction of the new building was the career of a man sometimes called the \"second founder\" of the British Museum, the Italian librarian Anthony Panizzi.",
"Under his supervision, the British Museum Library (now the British Library) quintupled in size and became a well-organised institution worthy of being called a national library, the largest library in the world after the National Library of Paris.",
"The quadrangle at the centre of Smirke's design proved to be a waste of valuable space and was filled at Panizzi's request by a circular Reading Room of cast iron, designed by Smirke's brother, Sydney Smirke.",
"Until the mid-19th century, the Museum's collections were relatively circumscribed but, in 1851, with the appointment to the staff of Augustus Wollaston Franks to curate the collections, the Museum began for the first time to collect British and European medieval antiquities, prehistory, branching out into Asia and diversifying its holdings of ethnography.",
"Overseas excavations continued and John Turtle Wood discovered the remains of the 4th century BC Temple of Artemis at Ephesos, another Wonder of the Ancient World."
] | [
0
] |
History | Who put the "Mona Lisa" in the Palace of Versailles? | Mona Lisa | true | 3ART
| [
9
] | [
"Leonardo da Vinci began painting the \"Mona Lisa\" in 1503 or 1504 in Florence, Italy.",
"Although the Louvre states that it was \"doubtless painted between 1503 and 1506\", the art historian Martin Kemp says there is some difficulty in confirming the actual dates with certainty.",
"According to Leonardo's contemporary, Giorgio Vasari, \"after he had lingered over it four years, left it unfinished\".",
"Leonardo, later in his life, is said to have regretted \"never having completed a single work\".",
"In 1516 Leonardo was invited by King François I to work at the Clos Lucé near the king's castle in Amboise.",
"It is believed that he took the \"Mona Lisa\" with him and continued to work after he moved to France.",
"Art historian Carmen C. Bambach has concluded that da Vinci probably continued refining the work until 1516 or 1517.",
"On his death the painting was inherited, among other works, by his pupil and assistant Salaì.",
"The king bought the painting for 4,000 \"écus\" and kept it at Palace of Fontainebleau, where it remained until given to Louis XIV.",
"Louis XIV moved the painting to the Palace of Versailles.",
"After the French Revolution, it was moved to the Louvre, but spent a brief period in the bedroom of Napoleon in the Tuileries Palace.",
"During the Franco-Prussian War (1870–1871) it was moved from the Louvre to the Brest Arsenal.",
"During World War II, the painting was again removed from the Louvre and taken safely, first to Château d'Amboise, then to the Loc-Dieu Abbey and Château de Chambord, then finally to the Ingres Museum in Montauban."
] | [
3
] |
"Meet Me in St. Louis" | Where was the song "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" first used? | Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas | true | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"The song was written while Martin was vacationing in a house in the neighborhood of Southside in Birmingham, Alabama, that his father Hugh Martin designed for his mother as a honeymoon cottage.",
"Located at 1919 South 15th Avenue, (just down the street from his birthplace at 1900 South 14th Avenue) the house became the home of Martin and his family in 1923.",
"The song first appeared in a scene in \"Meet Me in St. Louis\", in which a family is distraught by the father's plans to move to New York City for a job promotion, leaving behind their beloved home in St. Louis, Missouri, just before the long-anticipated 1904 World's Fair begins.",
"In a scene set on Christmas Eve, Judy Garland's character, Esther, sings the song to cheer up her despondent five-year-old sister, Tootie, played by Margaret O'Brien."
] | [
4
] |
Abstract | What is the most visited national park in the U.S.? | Great Smoky Mountains National Park | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0,
2
] | [
"Great Smoky Mountains National Park is a United States National Park and UNESCO World Heritage Site that straddles the ridgeline of the Great Smoky Mountains, part of the Blue Ridge Mountains, which are a division of the larger Appalachian Mountain chain.",
"The border between Tennessee and North Carolina runs northeast to southwest through the centerline of the park.",
"It is the most visited national park in the United States.",
"On its route from Maine to Georgia, the Appalachian Trail also passes through the center of the park.",
"The park was chartered by the United States Congress in 1934 and officially dedicated by President Franklin Delano Roosevelt in 1940.",
"It encompasses , making it one of the largest protected areas in the eastern United States.",
"The main park entrances are located along U.S. Highway 441 (Newfound Gap Road) at the towns of Gatlinburg, Tennessee, and Cherokee, North Carolina.",
"It was the first national park whose land and other costs were paid for in part with federal funds; previous parks were funded wholly with state money or private funds."
] | [
0
] |
Variants | How do Germans eat croissants? | Croissant | true | 9FOOD
| [
5
] | [
"Uncooked croissant can also be wrapped around any praline, almond paste or chocolate before it is baked (in the last case, it becomes like \"pain au chocolat\", which has a different, non-crescent, shape), or sliced to admit sweet or savoury fillings.",
"Indeed, it may be flavoured with dried fruit such as sultanas or raisins, or other fruits such as apples.",
"In France and Spain, croissants are generally sold without filling and eaten without added butter, but sometimes with almond filling.",
"In the United States, sweet fillings or toppings are common, and warm croissants may be filled with ham and cheese or feta cheese and spinach.",
"In the Levant, croissants are sold plain or filled with chocolate, cheese, almonds, or zaatar.",
"In Germany, croissants are sometimes filled with Nutella or persipan; in Southern Germany there also is a popular variety of a croissant glazed with lye (\"Laugencroissant\").",
"In the German-speaking part of Switzerland, the croissant is typically called a \"Gipfeli\" [g̥ɪp͡fəli], which typically has a crisper crust and is less buttery than the French style croissant."
] | [
5
] |
Legality of invasion | What was Cheney charged with? | 2003 invasion of Iraq | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
24
] | [
"The Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 was passed by congress with Republicans voting 98% in favor in the Senate, and 97% in favor in the House.",
"Democrats supported the joint resolution 58% and 39% in the Senate and House respectively.",
"The resolution asserts the authorization by the Constitution of the United States and the Congress for the President to fight anti-United States terrorism.",
"Citing the Iraq Liberation Act of 1998, the resolution reiterated that it should be the policy of the United States to remove the Saddam Hussein regime and promote a democratic replacement.",
"The resolution \"supported\" and \"encouraged\" diplomatic efforts by President George W. Bush to \"strictly enforce through the U.N. Security Council all relevant Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq\" and \"obtain prompt and decisive action by the Security Council to ensure that Iraq abandons its strategy of delay, evasion, and noncompliance and promptly and strictly complies with all relevant Security Council resolutions regarding Iraq.\"",
"The resolution authorized President Bush to use the Armed Forces of the United States \"as he determines to be necessary and appropriate\" to \"defend the national security of the United States against the continuing threat posed by Iraq; and enforce all relevant United Nations Security Council Resolutions regarding Iraq.",
"\"The legality of the invasion of Iraq has been challenged since its inception on a number of fronts, and several prominent supporters of the invasion in all the invading nations have publicly and privately cast doubt on its legality.",
"It is argued that the invasion was fully legal because authorization was implied by the United Nations Security Council.",
"International legal experts, including the International Commission of Jurists, a group of 31 leading Canadian law professors, and the U.S.-based Lawyers Committee on Nuclear Policy, have denounced both of these rationales.",
"On Thursday 20 November 2003, an article published in the Guardian alleged that Richard Perle, a senior member of the administration's Defense Policy Board Advisory Committee, conceded that the invasion was illegal but still justified.",
"The United Nations Security Council has passed nearly 60 resolutions on Iraq and Kuwait since Iraq's invasion of Kuwait in 1990.",
"The most relevant to this issue is Resolution 678, passed on 29 November 1990.",
"It authorizes \"member states co-operating with the Government of Kuwait... to use all necessary means\" to (1) implement Security Council Resolution 660 and other resolutions calling for the end of Iraq's occupation of Kuwait and withdrawal of Iraqi forces from Kuwaiti territory and (2) \"restore international peace and security in the area.\"",
"Resolution 678 has not been rescinded or nullified by succeeding resolutions and Iraq was not alleged after 1991 to invade Kuwait or to threaten do so.",
"Resolution 1441 was most prominent during the run up to the war and formed the main backdrop for Secretary of State Colin Powell's address to the Security Council one month before the invasion.",
"According to an independent commission of inquiry set up by the government of the Netherlands, UN resolution 1441 \"cannot reasonably be interpreted (as the Dutch government did) as authorising individual member states to use military force to compel Iraq to comply with the Security Council's resolutions.\"",
"Accordingly, the Dutch commission concluded that the 2003 invasion violated international law.",
"At the same time, Bush Administration officials advanced a parallel legal argument using the earlier resolutions, which authorized force in response to Iraq's 1990 invasion of Kuwait.",
"Under this reasoning, by failing to disarm and submit to weapons inspections, Iraq was in violation of U.N. Security Council Resolutions 660 and 678, and the U.S. could legally compel Iraq's compliance through military means.",
"Critics and proponents of the legal rationale based on the U.N. resolutions argue that the legal right to determine how to enforce its resolutions lies with the Security Council alone, not with individual nations.",
"In February 2006, Luis Moreno Ocampo, the lead prosecutor for the International Criminal Court, reported that he had received 240 separate communications regarding the legality of the war, many of which concerned British participation in the invasion.",
"In a letter addressed to the complainants, Mr. Moreno Ocampo explained that he could only consider issues related to conduct during the war and not to its underlying legality as a possible crime of aggression because no provision had yet been adopted which \"defines the crime and sets out the conditions under which the Court may exercise jurisdiction with respect to it.\"",
"In a March 2007 interview with the Sunday Telegraph, Moreno Ocampo encouraged Iraq to sign up with the court so that it could bring cases related to alleged war crimes.",
"United States Ohio Congressman Dennis Kucinich held a press conference on the evening of 24 April 2007, revealing US House Resolution 333 and the three articles of impeachment against Vice President Dick Cheney.",
"He charged Cheney with manipulating the evidence of Iraq's weapons program, deceiving the nation about Iraq's connection to al-Qaeda, and threatening aggression against Iran in violation of the United Nations Charter."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | How many guests did Tokyo Disneyland host in 2009? | Tokyo Disneyland | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
4
] | [
"There are seven themed areas in the park: the World Bazaar; the four classic Disney lands: Adventureland, Westernland, Fantasyland and Tomorrowland; and two mini-lands: Critter Country and Mickey's Toontown.",
"Many of the games and rides in these areas mirror those in the original Disneyland as they are based on American Disney films and fantasies.",
"Fantasyland includes Peter Pan's Flight, Snow White's Scary Adventures, Dumbo the Flying Elephant, and more based on classic Disney films and characters.",
"The park is noted for its extensive open spaces, to accommodate the large crowds that visit the park.",
"In 2009, Tokyo Disneyland hosted approximately 13.65 million guests, ranking it as the third-most visited theme park in the world, behind its American sister parks, Magic Kingdom in Orlando and Disneyland Park in Anaheim.",
"In 2011, the park hosted 14 million visitors, again ranking it as the world's third most visited theme park."
] | [
5
] |
Precipitation | What is the chemical reaction of the formation of a solid in a solution? | Chemical reaction | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"Precipitation is the formation of a solid in a solution or inside another solid during a chemical reaction.",
"It usually takes place when the concentration of dissolved ions exceeds the solubility limit and forms an insoluble salt.",
"This process can be assisted by adding a precipitating agent or by removal of the solvent.",
"Rapid precipitation results in an amorphous or microcrystalline residue and slow process can yield single crystals.",
"The latter can also be obtained by recrystallization from microcrystalline salts."
] | [
0
] |
Collections | What year did a girl snatch Warhol's wig off? | Andy Warhol | false | 3ART
| [
6
] | [
"Warhol was an avid collector.",
"His friends referred to his numerous collections, which filled not only his four-story townhouse, but also a nearby storage unit, as \"Andy's Stuff.\"",
"The true extent of his collections was not discovered until after his death, when the Andy Warhol Museum in Pittsburgh took in 641 boxes of his \"Stuff.",
"\"Warhol's collections included airplane menus, unpaid invoices, pizza dough, pornographic pulp novels, newspapers, stamps, supermarket flyers, and cookie jars, among other eccentricities.",
"One of his main collections was his wigs.",
"Warhol owned over forty and felt very protective of his hairpieces which were sewn by a New York wig-maker from hair imported from Italy.",
"In 1985 a girl snatched Warhol's wig off his head.",
"It was later discovered in Warhol's diary entry for that day that he wrote \"I don't know what held me back from pushing her over the balcony.",
"\"Another item found in Warhol's boxes at the museum in Pittsburgh was a mummified human foot from Ancient Egypt.",
"The curator of anthropology at Carnegie Museum of Natural History felt that Warhol most likely found it at a flea market."
] | [
0
] |
Composition | What key is "Set Fire to the Rain" written in? | Set Fire to the Rain | false | 0MUSIC
| [
3
] | [
"",
"\"Set Fire to the Rain\" is the fifth track on Adele's second album \"21\".",
"It was written with producer Fraser T Smith.",
"It is written in the key of D minor with a tempo of 108 beats per minute, following the chord progression of Dm–F–C–Gm–Dm–F–C–Csus4–C, and Adele's voice spans A3-D5.",
"The song describes the contradictory elements of a relationship, and the impossibility of letting go which is displayed in the lyrics \"You and me together, nothing gets better/But there’s a side to you that I never knew, never knew/All the things you'd say, they were never true, never true/And the games you play, you would always win.\"",
"One of the most pop-influenced of the album, the song is characterised by John Murphy of MusicOMH as a \"power ballad\".",
"In contrast to the understated production of most songs on the album, the song features lush instrumentation and a swelling string arrangement over a mid-tempo rhythm, creating a wall of sound for the singer's mourning vocals.",
"Dave Simpson of \"The Guardian\" in an article revealed that Adele got inspiration for the song \"when mah lightah stopped workin'\" in the wet."
] | [
0
] |
Causes | What is the overall opinion that led to a sudden reduction in consumption and investment spending? | Great Depression | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
11
] | [
"There were multiple causes for the first downturn in 1929.",
"These include the structural weaknesses and specific events that turned it into a major depression and the manner in which the downturn spread from country to country.",
"In relation to the 1929 downturn, historians emphasize structural factors like major bank failures and the stock market crash.",
"In contrast, monetarist economists (such as Barry Eichengreen, Milton Friedman and Peter Temin) point to monetary factors such as actions by the US Federal Reserve that contracted the money supply, as well as Britain's decision to return to the gold standard at pre–World War I parities (US$4.86:£1).",
"Recessions and business cycles are thought to be a normal part of living in a world of inexact balances between supply and demand.",
"What turns a normal recession or 'ordinary' business cycle into a depression is a subject of much debate and concern.",
"Scholars have not agreed on the exact causes and their relative importance.",
"The search for causes is closely connected to the issue of avoiding future depressions.",
"A related question is whether the Great Depression was primarily a failure on the part of free markets or a failure of government efforts to regulate interest rates, curtail widespread bank failures, and control the money supply.",
"Current theories may be broadly classified into two main points of view and several heterodox points of view.",
"There are demand-driven theories, most importantly Keynesian economics, but also including those who point to the breakdown of international trade, and Institutional economists who point to underconsumption and over-investment (causing an economic bubble), malfeasance by bankers and industrialists, or incompetence by government officials.",
"The consensus among demand-driven theories is that a large-scale loss of confidence led to a sudden reduction in consumption and investment spending.",
"Once panic and deflation set in, many people believed they could avoid further losses by keeping clear of the markets.",
"Holding money became profitable as prices dropped lower and a given amount of money bought ever more goods, exacerbating the drop in demand.",
"There are the monetarists, who believe that the Great Depression started as an ordinary recession, but that significant policy mistakes by monetary authorities (especially the Federal Reserve), caused a shrinking of the money supply which greatly exacerbated the economic situation, causing a recession to descend into the Great Depression.",
"Related to this explanation are those who point to debt deflation causing those who borrow to owe ever more in real terms.",
"There are also various heterodox theories that downplay or reject the explanations of the Keynesians and monetarists.",
"For example, some new classical macroeconomists have argued that various labor market policies imposed at the start caused the length and severity of the Great Depression.",
"The Austrian school of economics focuses on the macroeconomic effects of money supply, and how central banking decisions can lead to over-investment (economic bubble)."
] | [
0
] |
Dora Maar | How long was Dora Maar Picasso's mistress? | The Weeping Woman | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"Dora Maar was Picasso's mistress from 1936 until 1944.",
"In the course of their relationship, Picasso painted her in a number of guises, some realistic, some benign, others tortured or threatening.",
"Picasso explained:\"\"For me she's the weeping woman.",
"For years I've painted her in tortured forms, not through sadism, and not with pleasure, either; just obeying a vision that forced itself on me.",
"It was the deep reality, not the superficial one.",
"\"\"\"\"Dora, for me, was always a weeping woman... And it's important, because women are suffering machines.\"\""
] | [
5
] |
Abstract | Starships release date was when? | Starships (song) | true | 0MUSIC
| [
1
] | [
"Starships (song)\"Starships\" is a song by Trinidadian-American singer-songwriter and rapper Nicki Minaj, taken from her second studio album \"\".",
"It was released on February 14, 2012 by Young Money, Cash Money, Universal Republic as the lead single from the album.",
"The song was written by Minaj, Nadir Khayat, Carl Falk, Rami Yacoub and Wayne Hector, and was produced by RedOne, Yacoub, and Falk.",
"\"Starships\" received generally favorable reviews from music critics, who complimented its production, though found it generic and criticized Minaj's transition towards pop music.",
"The song is Minaj's most successful single to date, peaking inside the top five in over fifteen countries.",
"It remains her most certified single to date, and has become one of the best-selling singles of all time.",
"The song also made US \"Billboard\" history, debuting in the US top ten and then spending a total of 21 consecutive weeks in the top ten.",
"Minaj has performed the song live in a number of appearances, and was the encore performance on the .",
"The corresponding music video was shot Oahu Island, Hawaii.",
"Directed by Anthony Mandler, the song features Nicki on a beach in a bikini, and near the end of the video, it shows her and a \"party-esque\" dancing to the song and performing.",
"The music video was critically acclaimed from music critics, many praising the kaleidoscope effects in the video and the fun, carefree style.",
"However, some critics noticed its postponed release, because the video for her single \"Beez in the Trap\" was released before \"Starships\" was.",
"With all the success, the song has also sparked controversy surrounding a pulled live performance.",
"The song was included in the 2012 videogame \"Dance Central 3\" and is included in the best-selling videogame \"Just Dance 2014\".",
"It is also one of the select few songs available on \"Just Dance 2014\"'s demo version.",
"In September 2013 electronic artist Clive Tanaka filed suit against Nicki Minaj and the writers of the song, claiming it infringed on his own composition and recording, \"Neu Chicago\"."
] | [
2
] |
Broadcast history | Where did the pilot show air? | Private Practice (TV series) | true | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"On , the backdoor pilot of \"Private Practice\" aired on ABC, the pilot was in the double episode of \"Grey's Anatomy\" entitled \"The Other Side of This Life\", and gave a brief description of the characters in \"Private Practice\".",
"The cast included Amy Brenneman, Paul Adelstein, Tim Daly, Taye Diggs, Chris Lowell, and Merrin Dungey.",
"The 2-hour episode averaged 21 million viewers, 1.9 million more viewers than \"Grey's Anatomy's\" third season 19.1 million viewers-per-episode average at the time of its airing.",
"The episode was also No.",
"1 in the 9:00 pm and 10:00 pm timeslots.",
"On , it was announced, on \"The Ellen DeGeneres Show\", that \"Private Practice\" was part of ABC's 2007 fall line-up.",
"The first TV promo for the series aired during the season finale of \"Grey's Anatomy\", on .",
"The series premiere aired on , averaging 14.41 million viewers being the most watched show in its time slot.",
"The series premiered on British television on , on LIVING.",
"It was later moved to Thursday at 10:00 pm after \"Grey's Anatomy\" during mid-season 2009, to make room for the return of \"Lost\"."
] | [
4
] |
Accolades | When did Complex name "Take Care" as the fourth best hip hop album? | Take Care (album) | true | 0MUSIC
| [
4,
5
] | [
"According to Metacritic, \"Take Care\" was the ninth best ranked album in year-end top 10 lists by music critics, based on 135 lists.",
"It was named the best album of 2012 by the \"Los Angeles Times\" and \"The New York Times\", and was ranked number three by \"Now\" and MTV, number four by \"Slate\", number five by \"Billboard\" and \"The Washington Post\", number seven by \"Fact\", number eight by \"The Globe and Mail\", NPR, and Pitchfork Media, number 14 by Slant Magazine, and number 22 by \"Rolling Stone\" and \"Spin\".",
"It was also named as a longlisted nominee for the 2012 Polaris Music Prize on June 14, 2012.",
"In 2012, \"Complex\" named the album one of the classic albums of the last decade.",
"\"Take Care\" won a Grammy Award for Best Rap Album at the 55th Grammy Awards.",
"In October 2013, Complex named it the fourth best hip hop album of the last five years."
] | [
2
] |
Development | When the Wachowskis presented their script for Assasins, what production studio were they at? | The Matrix | true | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"In 1994, the Wachowskis presented the script for the film \"Assassins\" to Warner Brothers.",
"After Lorenzo di Bonaventura, the president of production of the company at the time, read the script, he decided to buy rights to it and included two more pictures, \"Bound\" and \"The Matrix\", in the contract.",
"The first movie the Wachowskis directed, \"Bound\", then became a critical success.",
"Using this momentum, the brothers later asked to direct \"The Matrix\".",
"Producer Joel Silver soon joined the project.",
"Although the project had key supporters like Silver and Di Bonaventura to influence the company, \"The Matrix\" was still a huge investment for Warner Bros, which had to invest $60 million to create a movie with deep philosophical ideas and difficult special effects.",
"The Wachowskis therefore hired underground comic book artists Geof Darrow and Steve Skroce to draw a 600-page, shot-by-shot storyboard for the entire film.",
"The storyboard eventually earned the studio's approval, and it was decided to film in Australia to make the most of the budget.",
"Soon, \"The Matrix\" became a co-production of Warner Bros. and the Australian company Village Roadshow Pictures."
] | [
2,
0
] |
Bacteriophages | What are bacteriophages? | Bacteria | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"Bacteriophages are viruses that infect bacteria.",
"Many types of bacteriophage exist, some simply infect and lyse their host bacteria, while others insert into the bacterial chromosome.",
"A bacteriophage can contain genes that contribute to its host's phenotype: for example, in the evolution of and \"Clostridium botulinum\", the toxin genes in an integrated phage converted a harmless ancestral bacterium into a lethal pathogen.",
"Bacteria resist phage infection through restriction modification systems that degrade foreign DNA, and a system that uses CRISPR sequences to retain fragments of the genomes of phage that the bacteria have come into contact with in the past, which allows them to block virus replication through a form of RNA interference.",
"This CRISPR system provides bacteria with acquired immunity to infection."
] | [
0
] |
Video games | What company released all three of the south park video games? | South Park | true | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"Following the early success of the series, three video games based on the series were released by Acclaim Entertainment.",
"A first-person shooter simply titled \"South Park\" was released in 1998 for the PC, Nintendo 64, and PlayStation.",
"This was followed in 1999 by ', a party video game featuring quizzes and mini-games, on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC.",
"In 2000, \"South Park Rally\", a racing game, was released on the Dreamcast, PlayStation, Nintendo 64, and PC.",
"Parker and Stone had little to do with the development of these games, apart from providing voice acting, and have publicly criticized Acclaim and the quality of the \"South Park\" games they produced.",
"Several years after these early games, the decision was made to form a small group called South Park Digital Studios, which would, among other things, work on creating new \"South Park\" games, that would involve the studio and the show's creators more heavily.",
"The first such title is \"South Park Let's Go Tower Defense Play!",
"\", a tower defense game developed by Doublesix, which was released in 2009 for the Xbox Live Arcade service on the Xbox 360 console.",
"Another Xbox Live Arcade game, ' is a platformer, which was released in the spring of 2012. \"\"",
"is a role-playing video game that was written by Parker and Stone, and was originally scheduled to be released on March 5, 2013 for the Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 consoles, and Microsoft Windows; The game released March 4, 2014 to positive reviews."
] | [
0
] |
Legacy | Who is the US copyright representative for Les Heritiers Matisse? | Henri Matisse | true | 3ART
| [
13
] | [
"The first painting of Matisse acquired by a public collection was \"Still Life with Geraniums\" (1910), exhibited in the Pinakothek der Moderne.",
"His \"The Plum Blossoms\" (1948) was purchased on 8 September 2005, for the Museum of Modern Art by Henry Kravis and the new president of the museum, Marie-Josée Drouin.",
"Estimated price was US$25 million.",
"Previously, it had not been seen by the public since 1970.",
"In 2002, a Matisse sculpture, \"Reclining Nude I (Dawn),\" sold for US$9.2 million, a record for a sculpture by the artist.",
"Matisse's daughter Marguerite often aided Matisse scholars with insights about his working methods and his works.",
"She died in 1982 while compiling a catalogue of her father's work.",
"Matisse's son, Pierre Matisse, (1900–1989) opened a modern art gallery in New York City during the 1930s.",
"The Pierre Matisse Gallery which was active from 1931 until 1989 represented and exhibited many European artists and a few Americans and Canadians in New York often for the first time.",
"He exhibited Joan Miró, Marc Chagall, Alberto Giacometti, Jean Dubuffet, André Derain, Yves Tanguy, Le Corbusier, Paul Delvaux, Wifredo Lam, Jean-Paul Riopelle, Balthus, Leonora Carrington, Zao Wou Ki, Sam Francis, sculptors Theodore Roszak, Raymond Mason and Reg Butler, and several other important artists, including the work of Henri Matisse.",
"Henri Matisse's grandson, Paul Matisse, is an artist and inventor living in Massachusetts.",
"Matisse's great-granddaughter Sophie Matisse is active as an artist.",
"Les Heritiers Matisse functions as his official Estate.",
"The US copyright representative for Les Heritiers Matisse is the Artists Rights Society."
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | When was balcony access to the torch restricted? | Statue of Liberty | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
21
] | [
"The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: \"La Liberté éclairant le monde\") is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in the middle of New York Harbor, in Manhattan, New York City.",
"The statue, designed by Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and dedicated on October 28, 1886, was a gift to the United States from the people of France.",
"The statue is of a robed female figure representing Libertas, the Roman goddess of freedom, who bears a torch and a \"tabula ansata\" (a tablet evoking the law) upon which is inscribed the date of the American Declaration of Independence, July 4, 1776.",
"A broken chain lies at her feet.",
"The statue is an icon of freedom and of the United States: a welcoming signal to immigrants arriving from abroad.",
"Bartholdi was inspired by French law professor and politician Édouard René de Laboulaye, who is said to have commented in 1865 that any monument raised to American independence would properly be a joint project of the French and American peoples.",
"Due to the troubled political situation in France, work on the statue did not commence until the early 1870s.",
"In 1875, Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and the Americans provide the site and build the pedestal.",
"Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at international expositions.",
"The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, in 1876, and in New York's Madison Square Park from 1876 to 1882.",
"Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened due to lack of funds.",
"Publisher Joseph Pulitzer of the \"New York World\" started a drive for donations to complete the project that attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar.",
"The statue was constructed in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island.",
"The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland.",
"The statue was administered by the United States Lighthouse Board until 1901 and then by the Department of War; since 1933 it has been maintained by the National Park Service.",
"The statue was closed for renovation for much of 1938.",
"In the early 1980s, it was found to have deteriorated to such an extent that a major restoration was required.",
"While the statue was closed from 1984 to 1986, the torch and a large part of the internal structure were replaced.",
"After the September 11 attacks in 2001, it was closed for reasons of safety and security; the pedestal reopened in 2004 and the statue in 2009, with limits on the number of visitors allowed to ascend to the crown.",
"The statue, including the pedestal and base, was closed for a year until October 28, 2012, so that a secondary staircase and other safety features could be installed; Liberty Island remained open.",
"However, one day after the reopening, Liberty Island closed due to the effects of Hurricane Sandy; the statue and island opened again on July 4, 2013.",
"Public access to the balcony surrounding the torch has been barred for safety reasons since 1916."
] | [
2
] |
Launch and flight to lunar orbit | Where was the landing site? | Apollo 11 | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
10
] | [
"Mission highlights.",
"Launch and flight to lunar orbit.",
"In addition to throngs of people crowding highways and beaches near the launch site, millions watched the event on television, with NASA Chief of Public Information Jack King providing commentary.",
"President Richard M. Nixon viewed the proceedings from the Oval Office of the White House.",
"A Saturn V launched Apollo 11 from Launch Pad 39A, part of the Launch Complex 39 site at the Kennedy Space Center on July 16, 1969 at 13:32:00 UTC (9:32:00 a.m. EDT local time).",
"It entered orbit twelve minutes later.",
"After one and a half orbits, the S-IVB third-stage engine pushed the spacecraft onto its trajectory toward the Moon with the Trans-Lunar Injection (TLI) burn at 16:22:13 UTC.",
"About 30 minutes later the command/service module pair separated from this last remaining Saturn V stage and docked with the Lunar Module still nestled in the Lunar Module Adaptor.",
"After the Lunar Module was extracted, the combined spacecraft headed for the Moon, while the third stage booster flew on a trajectory past the Moon and into heliocentric orbit.",
"On July 19 at 17:21:50 UTC, Apollo 11 passed behind the Moon and fired its service propulsion engine to enter lunar orbit.",
"In the thirty orbits that followed, the crew saw passing views of their landing site in the southern Sea of Tranquility (Mare Tranquillitatis) about southwest of the crater Sabine D (0.67408N, 23.47297E).",
"The landing site was selected in part because it had been characterized as relatively flat and smooth by the automated \"Ranger 8\" and \"Surveyor 5\" landers along with the \"Lunar Orbiter\" mapping spacecraft and unlikely to present major landing or extra-vehicular activity (EVA) challenges."
] | [
4
] |
Lessons | The curriculum for which grade states that all children should learn to swim as well as handle emergencies near water in Sweden? | Human swimming | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"Children generally do not swim independently until 4 years of age.",
"In Sweden, Denmark, Norway, Estonia and Finland, the curriculum for the fifth grade (fourth grade in Estonia) states that all children should learn how to swim as well as how to handle emergencies near water.",
"Most commonly, children are expected to be able to swim – of which at least on their back – after first falling into deep water and getting their head under water.",
"Even though about 95 percent of Swedish school children know how to swim, drowning remains the third most common cause of death among children.",
"In both the Netherlands and Belgium swimming lessons under school time (\"schoolzwemmen\", school swimming) are supported by the government.",
"Most schools provide swimming lessons.",
"There is a long tradition of swimming lessons in the Netherlands and Belgium, the Dutch translation for the breaststroke swimming style is even \"schoolslag\" (schoolstroke).",
"The children learn a variant of the breaststroke, which is technically not entirely correct.",
"In France, swimming is a compulsory part of the curriculum for primary schools.",
"Children usually spend one semester per year learning swimming during CE1/CE2/CM1 (2nd, 3rd and 4th grade).",
"In many places, swimming lessons are provided by local swimming pools, both those run by the local authority and by private leisure companies.",
"Many schools also include swimming lessons into their Physical Education curricula, provided either in the schools' own pool, or in the nearest public pool.",
"In the UK, the \"Top-ups scheme\" calls for school children who cannot swim by the age of 11 to receive intensive daily lessons.",
"These children who have not reached Great Britain's National Curriculum standard of swimming 25 metres by the time they leave primary school will be given a half-hour lesson every day for two weeks during term-time.",
"In Canada and Mexico there has been a call for swimming to be included in the public school curriculum.",
"In USA there is the Infant Swimming Resource (ISR) initiative that provides lessons for infant children, to cope with emergency situation when they have fallen into water.",
"They are learned how to roll-back-to-float (hold their breath underwater, to roll onto their back, to float unassisted, rest and breathe until help arrives)."
] | [] |
Influences | What was The Shire based from? | The Lord of the Rings | false | 6MOVIES
| [
14
] | [
"The influence of the Welsh language, which Tolkien had learnt, is summarised in his essay English and Welsh: \"If I may once more refer to my work.",
"The Lord of the Rings, in evidence: the names of persons and places in this story were mainly composed on patterns deliberately modelled on those of Welsh (closely similar but not identical).",
"This element in the tale has given perhaps more pleasure to more readers than anything else in it.",
"\"\"The Lord of the Rings\" developed as a personal exploration by Tolkien of his interests in philology, religion (particularly Roman Catholicism), fairy tales, Norse and general Germanic mythology, and also Celtic, Slavic, Persian, Greek, and Finnish mythology.",
"Tolkien acknowledged, and external critics have verified, the influences of George MacDonald and William Morris and the Anglo-Saxon poem \"Beowulf\".",
"The question of a direct influence of Wagner's \"The Nibelung's Ring\" on Tolkien's work is debated by critics.",
"Tolkien included neither any explicit religion nor cult in his work.",
"Rather the themes, moral philosophy, and cosmology of the Lord of the Rings reflect his Catholic worldview.",
"In one of his letters Tolkien states, \"The Lord of the Rings is of course a fundamentally religious and Catholic work; unconsciously so at first, but consciously in the revision.",
"That is why I have not put in, or have cut out, practically all references to anything like 'religion', to cults or practices, in the imaginary world.",
"For the religious element is absorbed into the story and the symbolism.",
"\"Some locations and characters were inspired by Tolkien's childhood in Birmingham, where he first lived near Sarehole Mill, and later near Edgbaston Reservoir.",
"There are also hints of the Black Country, which is within easy reach of north west Edgbaston.",
"This shows in such names as \"Underhill\", and the description of Saruman's industrialisation of Isengard and The Shire.",
"It has also been suggested that The Shire and its surroundings were based on the countryside around Stonyhurst College in Lancashire where Tolkien frequently stayed during the 1940s.",
"The work was influenced by the effects of his military service during World War I, to the point that Frodo has been \"diagnosed\" as suffering from Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, or \"shell-shock,\" which was first diagnosed at the Battle of the Somme, at which Tolkien served."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What movie is the title "The Usual Suspects" from? | The Usual Suspects | true | 6MOVIES
| [
5
] | [
"The Usual Suspects is a 1995 American crime-thriller film directed by Bryan Singer and written by Christopher McQuarrie.",
"It stars Stephen Baldwin, Gabriel Byrne, Benicio del Toro, Chazz Palminteri, Kevin Pollak, Pete Postlethwaite, and Kevin Spacey.",
"The film follows the interrogation of Roger \"Verbal\" Kint, a small-time con man who is one of only two survivors of a massacre and fire on a ship docked at the Port of Los Angeles.",
"He tells an interrogator a convoluted story about events that led him and four other criminals to the boat, and of a mysterious mob boss known as Keyser Söze who commissioned their work.",
"Using flashback and narration, Kint's story becomes increasingly complex.",
"The film, shot on a $6 million budget, began as a title taken from a column in \"Spy\" magazine called \"The Usual Suspects\", after one of Claude Rains' most memorable lines in the classic film \"Casablanca.\"",
"Singer thought it would make a good title for a film, the poster for which he and McQuarrie had developed as the first visual idea.",
"\"The Usual Suspects\" was shown out of competition at the 1995 Cannes Film Festival, and then initially released in a few theaters.",
"It received favorable reviews, and was eventually given a wider release.",
"McQuarrie won an Academy Award for Best Writing (Original Screenplay) and Spacey won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor for his performance."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | How many digital downloads have been sold? | Everybody Talks | false | 0MUSIC
| [
5
] | [
"\"Everybody Talks\" is the lead single from American rock band Neon Trees' second studio album \"Picture Show\".",
"It was released on December 20, 2011 in the United States as a digital download on iTunes.",
"It soon became a sleeper hit.",
"The song made it to #6 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, making this song their highest charting single to date, as well as their first top 10 hit.",
"The song was mixed and engineered by Billy Bush and mastered by Joe LaPorta.",
"As of October 2012, the song has sold over 2 million digital downloads.",
"It also hit #7 on the Alternative Songs chart, their 1st Top 10 hit after Animal, it also hit #1 on the Adult Pop Songs, their 1st song to do so.",
"\"Everybody Talks\" was inspired by early 1960s pop music; Tyler Glenn said that \"We fell in love with a lot of like Roy Orbison and the Motown music that my dad listens to.\""
] | [
5
] |
Storybook Circus | What was the Barnstormer redesigned as? | Magic Kingdom | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
7
] | [
"Part of Fantasyland, Storybook Circus is located at the former site of Mickey's Toontown Fair, and is based on elements from \"Dumbo\" and the Mickey Mouse universe.",
"Attractions include The Barnstormer and Dumbo the Flying Elephant, which was removed from its former location on January 8, 2012.",
"Also included is the Casey Jr. Splash n' Soak Station (a water play area themed to Casey Jr., the train from \"Dumbo\").",
"Storybook Circus began soft openings on March 12, 2012, with more parts opening on March 31.",
"Mickey's Toontown Fair closed permanently on February 11, 2011, to make way for Storybook Circus.",
"Some elements of Mickey's Toontown Fair were demolished, and others were re-themed to fit the circus concept.",
"An expanded Dumbo the Flying Elephant ride was built, with an interactive queue, and a second Dumbo ride was built next to it, in order to increase capacity.",
"The Barnstormer at Goofy's Wiseacre Farm was re-themed to \"The Great Goofini\".",
"A big top area was built for meet-and-greets, called Pete's Silly Sideshow.",
"This attraction features Goofy as a stuntman, Minnie as a magician, Daisy as a fortune-teller, and Donald as a snake-charmer."
] | [
0
] |
Preparation | Which meal often includes juice? | Juice | true | 9FOOD
| [
3
] | [
"Juice is prepared by mechanically squeezing or macerating fruit or vegetable flesh without the application of heat or solvents.",
"For example, orange juice is the liquid extract of the fruit of the orange tree, and tomato juice is the liquid that results from pressing the fruit of the tomato plant.",
"Juice may be prepared in the home from fresh fruit and vegetables using a variety of hand or electric juicers.",
"Juice is one of the most popular drinks to go with breakfast in the morning.",
"Many commercial juices are filtered to remove fiber or pulp, but high-pulp fresh orange juice is a popular beverage.",
"Common methods for preservation and processing of fruit juices include canning, pasteurization, concentrating, freezing, evaporation and spray drying."
] | [] |
In the studio | Which songs were recorded in German? | I Want to Hold Your Hand | false | 0MUSIC
| [
5
] | [
"The Beatles started recording \"I Want to Hold Your Hand\" at EMI Studios in Studio 2 on 17 October 1963.",
"This song, along with the single's flip side, \"This Boy\", was the first Beatles song to be recorded with four-track technology.",
"The two songs were recorded on the same day, and each needed seventeen takes to complete.",
"Also, the Beatles were experimenting with organ-sounding guitars, which was achieved by extreme compression on John Lennon's rhythm guitar.",
"Mono and stereo mixing was done by George Martin on 21 October 1963; further stereo mixes were done on 8 June 1965, for compilations released by EMI affiliates in Australia and the Netherlands, and on 7 November 1966.",
"\"I Want to Hold Your Hand\" was one of two Beatles songs (along with \"She Loves You\" as \"\"Sie liebt dich\"\") to be later recorded in German, entitled \"Komm, gib mir deine Hand\".",
"Both songs were translated by Luxembourger musician Camillo Felgen, under the pseudonym of \"Jean Nicolas\".",
"Odeon, the German arm of EMI (the parent company of the Beatles' record label, Parlophone) was convinced that the Beatles' records would not sell in Germany unless they were sung in German.",
"The Beatles detested the idea, and when they were due to record the German version on 27 January 1964 at EMI's Pathe Marconi Studios in Paris (where the Beatles were performing 18 days of concerts at the Olympia Theatre) they chose to boycott the session.",
"Their record producer, George Martin, having waited some hours for them to show up, was outraged and insisted that they give it a try.",
"Two days later, the Beatles recorded \"Komm, gib mir deine Hand\", one of the few times in their career that they recorded outside of London.",
"However, Martin later conceded: \"They were right, actually, it wasn’t necessary for them to record in German, but they weren’t graceless, they did a good job\".",
"\"Komm, gib mir deine Hand\" appeared in full stereo in the United States on the Capitol LP \"Something New\" and years later on the Capitol CD compilation called \"The Capitol Albums, Volume 1\".",
"The German-language track was a big hit in Germany at the time, but today, like all the other German-lyrics versions of English-language pop songs that were popular in that country during the 1950s and 1960s, it is generally considered as a cultural curiosity from a by-gone era at best.",
"The English versions are much better known in Germany today; the Beatles' Red and Blue albums of the 1970s already featured the English hits on the German pressings."
] | [] |
Scientific research | What date was dark matter detected by the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer? | International Space Station | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
8
] | [
"The ISS provides a platform to conduct scientific research that cannot be performed in any other way.",
"While small unmanned spacecraft can provide platforms for zero gravity and exposure to space, space stations offer a long term environment where studies can be performed potentially for decades, combined with ready access by human researchers over periods that exceed the capabilities of manned spacecraft.",
"The Station simplifies individual experiments by eliminating the need for separate rocket launches and research staff.",
"The wide variety of research fields include astrobiology, astronomy, human research including space medicine and life sciences, physical sciences, materials science, space weather, and weather on Earth (meteorology).",
"Scientists on Earth have access to the crew's data and can modify experiments or launch new ones, benefits generally unavailable on unmanned spacecraft.",
"Crews fly expeditions of several months duration, providing approximately 160-man-hours a week of labour with a crew of 6.",
"Kibō is intended to accelerate Japan's progress in science and technology, gain new knowledge and apply it to such fields as industry and medicine.",
"To detect dark matter and answer other fundamental questions about our universe, engineers and scientists from all over the world built the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS), which NASA compares to the Hubble telescope, and says could not be accommodated on a free flying satellite platform due in part to its power requirements and data bandwidth needs.",
"On 3 April 2013, NASA scientists reported that hints of dark matter may have been detected by the \"Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer\".",
"According to the scientists, \"The first results from the space-borne Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer confirm an unexplained excess of high-energy positrons in Earth-bound cosmic rays.",
"\"The space environment is hostile to life.",
"Unprotected presence in space is characterised by an intense radiation field (consisting primarily of protons and other subatomic charged particles from the solar wind, in addition to cosmic rays), high vacuum, extreme temperatures, and microgravity.",
"Some simple forms of life called extremophiles, including small invertebrates called tardigrades can survive in this environment in an extremely dry state called desiccation.",
"Medical research improves knowledge about the effects of long-term space exposure on the human body, including muscle atrophy, bone loss, and fluid shift.",
"This data will be used to determine whether lengthy human spaceflight and space colonisation are feasible.",
"As of 2006, data on bone loss and muscular atrophy suggest that there would be a significant risk of fractures and movement problems if astronauts landed on a planet after a lengthy interplanetary cruise, such as the six-month interval required to travel to Mars.",
"Medical studies are conducted aboard the ISS on behalf of the National Space Biomedical Research Institute (NSBRI).",
"Prominent among these is the Advanced Diagnostic Ultrasound in Microgravity study in which astronauts perform ultrasound scans under the guidance of remote experts.",
"The study considers the diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions in space.",
"Usually, there is no physician on board the ISS and diagnosis of medical conditions is a challenge.",
"It is anticipated that remotely guided ultrasound scans will have application on Earth in emergency and rural care situations where access to a trained physician is difficult."
] | [
0
] |
Early life, 1475-88 | What year was Michelangelo born? | Michelangelo | false | 3ART
| [
0,
1
] | [
"Early life, 1475-88.",
"Michelangelo was born on 6 March 1475 in Caprese near Arezzo, Tuscany.",
"(Today, Caprese is known as Caprese Michelangelo).",
"For several generations, his family had been small-scale bankers in Florence, the bank had failed and his father, Ludovico di Leonardo Buonarroti Simoni, briefly took a government post in Caprese, where Michelangelo was born.",
"At the time of Michelangelo's birth, his father was the Judicial administrator of the small town of Caprese and local administrator of Chiusi.",
"Michelangelo's mother was Francesca di Neri del Miniato di Siena.",
"The Buonarrotis claimed to descend from the Countess Mathilde of Canossa; this claim remains unproven, but Michelangelo himself believed it.",
"Several months after Michelangelo's birth, the family returned to Florence, where Michelangelo was raised.",
"At later times, during his mother's prolonged illness and after her death in 1481, when he was just six years old, Michelangelo lived with a stonecutter and his wife and family in the town of Settignano, where his father owned a marble quarry and a small farm.",
"Giorgio Vasari quotes Michelangelo: "
] | [
0
] |
Works | What did Rembrandt seek to achieve through his art? | Rembrandt | false | 3ART
| [
0
] | [
"In a letter to Huygens, Rembrandt offered the only surviving explanation of what he sought to achieve through his art: \"the greatest and most natural movement\", translated from \"de meeste en de natuurlijkste beweegelijkheid\".",
"The word \"beweechgelickhijt\" is also argued to mean \"emotion\" or \"motive.\"",
"Whether this refers to objectives, material or otherwise is open to interpretation; either way, critics have drawn particular attention to the way Rembrandt seamlessly melded the earthly and spiritual.",
"Earlier 20th century connoisseurs claimed Rembrandt had produced over 600 paintings, nearly 400 etchings and 2,000 drawings.",
"More recent scholarship, from the 1960s to the present day (led by the Rembrandt Research Project), often controversially, has winnowed his oeuvre to nearer 300 paintings.",
"His prints, traditionally all called etchings, although many are produced in whole or part by engraving and sometimes drypoint, have a much more stable total of slightly under 300.",
"It is likely Rembrandt made many more drawings in his lifetime than 2,000, but those extant are more rare than presumed.",
"Two experts claim that the number of drawings whose autograph status can be regarded as effectively \"certain\" is no higher than about 75, although this is disputed.",
"The list was to be unveiled at a scholarly meeting in February 2010.",
"At one time about ninety paintings were counted as Rembrandt self-portraits, but it is now known that he had his students copy his own self-portraits as part of their training.",
"Modern scholarship has reduced the autograph count to over forty paintings, as well as a few drawings and thirty-one etchings, which include many of the most remarkable images of the group.",
"Some show him posing in quasi-historical fancy dress, or pulling faces at himself.",
"His oil paintings trace the progress from an uncertain young man, through the dapper and very successful portrait-painter of the 1630s, to the troubled but massively powerful portraits of his old age.",
"Together they give a remarkably clear picture of the man, his appearance and his psychological make-up, as revealed by his richly weathered face.",
"In his portraits and self-portraits, he angles the sitter's face in such a way that the ridge of the nose nearly always forms the line of demarcation between brightly illuminated and shadowy areas.",
"A Rembrandt face is a face partially eclipsed; and the nose, bright and obvious, thrusting into the riddle of halftones, serves to focus the viewer's attention upon, and to dramatize, the division between a flood of light—an overwhelming clarity—and a brooding duskiness.",
"In a number of biblical works, including \"The Raising of the Cross\", \"Joseph Telling His Dreams\" and \"The Stoning of Saint Stephen\", Rembrandt painted himself as a character in the crowd.",
"Durham suggests that this was because the Bible was for Rembrandt \"a kind of diary, an account of moments in his own life.",
"\"Among the more prominent characteristics of Rembrandt's work are his use of chiaroscuro, the theatrical employment of light and shadow derived from Caravaggio, or, more likely, from the Dutch Caravaggisti, but adapted for very personal means.",
"Also notable are his dramatic and lively presentation of subjects, devoid of the rigid formality that his contemporaries often displayed, and a deeply felt compassion for mankind, irrespective of wealth and age.",
"His immediate family—his wife Saskia, his son Titus and his common-law wife Hendrickje—often figured prominently in his paintings, many of which had mythical, biblical or historical themes."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What was the name of the satire song Train performed on Sesame Street? | Drive By (song) | true | 0MUSIC
| [
7
] | [
"Drive By (song)\"Drive By\" is a song by American roots rock band, Train, from their sixth studio album, \"California 37\".",
"It was released in the United States as the album's lead single on January 10, 2012.",
"The song was written by lead singer Patrick Monahan and Norwegian songwriting duo Espen Lind, Amund Bjørklund, the same team responsible for Train's 2009 hit single \"Hey, Soul Sister\".",
"\"Drive By\" peaked at number 10 on the \"Billboard\" Hot 100, becoming the band's third top 10 hit in the US.",
"It was awarded a double platinum certification by the RIAA on July 23, 2012, for more than 2 million sales in the US.",
"Internationally, the song became a top ten hit in 13 countries.",
"Train performed the song on television series \"90210\" in the episode \"Blood Is Thicker Than Mud\", which aired on March 13, 2012.",
"Train also performed a parody entitled \"Five By\" with Elmo and Count von Count for an episode of \"Sesame Street\"."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What kinds of food are commonly found used in lasagna outside of Italy? | Lasagne | true | 9FOOD
| [
4
] | [
"Lasagne ( or or , , singular lasagna) are a wide, flat pasta shape, and possibly one of the oldest types of pasta.",
"The word also refers to a dish made with several layers of lasagne sheets alternated with sauces and various other ingredients.",
"Lasagne originated in Italy, traditionally ascribed to the city of Bologna (Emilia-Romagna), in where the first modern receipe was created and published and became a traditional dish.",
"Traditional lasagne is made by interleaving layers of pasta with layers of sauce, made with ragù, bechamel, and Parmigiano-Reggiano.",
"In other regions and outside of Italy it is common to find lasagne made with ricotta or mozzarella cheese, tomato sauce, various meats (e.g., ground beef, pork or chicken), miscellaneous vegetables (e.g., spinach, zucchini, mushrooms) and typically flavored with wine, garlic, onion, and oregano.",
"In all cases the lasagne are oven-baked.",
"Traditionally, pasta dough prepared in Southern Italy used semolina and water and in the northern regions, where semolina was not available, flour and eggs.",
"Today in Italy, since the only type of wheat allowed for commercially sold pasta is durum wheat, commercial lasagne are made of semolina (from durum wheat).",
"Emilio-Romano’s intensive farming economy in the northern region of Italy results in plentiful dairy and meat products, and their commonality in regional cooking – more so than the olive oil found in southern regions of Italy.",
"Pastas from Emilio-Romano and its capital, Bologna, are almost always served with a ragú, a thick sauce made from ingredients such as onions, carrots, finely chopped pork and beef, celery, butter, and tomatoes."
] | [
0
] |
Education | Between what ages is school attendance compulsory? | Argentina | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
2
] | [
"Argentina built a national public education system in comparison to other nations, placing the country high in the global rankings of literacy.",
"Today Argentina has a literacy rate of 97.4%, and 16.2% over age 15 have completed secondary school studies or higher.",
"School attendance is compulsory between the ages of 5 and 17.",
"The Argentine school system consists of an elementary or lower school level lasting six or seven years, and a secondary or high school level lasting between five to six years, depending on the jurisdiction.",
"There are forty-seven national public universities across the country, as well as forty-six private ones.",
"The universities of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, La Plata, Rosario, and the National Technological University are among the most important.",
"Public universities faced cutbacks in spending during the 1980s and 1990s, which led to a decline in overall quality.",
"Four out of five Argentine adults have completed grade school, over a third have completed their secondary education and one in nine Argentine adults have college degrees.",
"Likewise, Argentina has the highest rate of university students in Latin America: official sources recently reported roughly 1,500,000 college students within the Argentine University System."
] | [
0
] |
Literature | List one occasion where Czech literature and culture played a major role. | Czech Republic | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
3,
4
] | [
"Czech literature is the literature written by Czechs, mostly in the Czech language, although other languages like Old Church Slavonic, Latin or German have been also used, especially in the past.",
"Non-Czech inhabitants of the Czech lands who had written in German and other languages, such as Franz Kafka, are usually excluded from the corpus of Czech literature, regardless of their own national self-identification.",
"Czech literature is divided into several main time periods: the Middle Ages; the Hussite period; the years of re-Catholicization and the baroque; the Enlightenment and Czech reawakening in the 19th century; the avantgarde of the interwar period; the years under Communism and the Prague Spring; and the literature of the post-Communist Czech Republic.",
"Czech literature and culture played a major role on at least two occasions, when Czechs lived under oppression and political activity was suppressed.",
"On both of these occasions, in the early 19th century and then again in the 1960s, the Czechs used their cultural and literary effort to strive for political freedom, establishing a confident, politically aware nation.",
"A famous antiwar comedy novel \"The Good Soldier Švejk\" by Jaroslav Hašek is the most translated Czech book in history.",
"It was depicted by Karel Steklý in two color films \"The Good Soldier Schweik\" in 1956 and 1957."
] | [
4
] |
Colonial period | In what year did Britain end it's ruling over India? | Pakistan | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
6
] | [
"The gradual decline of the Mughal Empire in the early eighteenth century enabled Sikh rulers to control large areas until the British East India Company gained ascendancy over South Asia.",
"The Indian Rebellion of 1857, also known as the Sepoy Mutiny, was the region's major armed struggle against the British.",
"The largely non-violent independence struggle led by the Indian National Congress engaged millions of protesters in mass campaigns of civil disobedience in the 1920s and 1930s.",
"The All-India Muslim League rose to popularity in the late 1930s amid fears of under-representation and neglect of Muslims in politics.",
"In his presidential address of 29 December 1930, Muhammad Iqbal called for \"the formation of a consolidated North-West Indian Muslim State\" consisting of Punjab, North-West Frontier Province, Sind and Baluchistan.",
"Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, espoused the two-nation theory and led the Muslim League to adopt the Lahore Resolution of 1940, popularly known as the Pakistan Resolution.",
"In early 1947, Britain announced the decision to end its rule in India.",
"In June 1947, the nationalist leaders of British India—including Jawaharlal Nehru and Abul Kalam Azad representing the Congress, Jinnah representing the Muslim League, and Master Tara Singh representing the Sikhs—agreed to the proposed terms of transfer of power and independence.",
"The modern state of Pakistan was established on 14 August 1947 (27 Ramadan 1366 in the Islamic Calendar) in the eastern and northwestern regions of British India, where there was a Muslim majority.",
"It comprised the provinces of Balochistan, East Bengal, the North-West Frontier Province, West Punjab and Sindh.",
"The partition of the Punjab and Bengal provinces led to communal riots across India and Pakistan; millions of Muslims moved to Pakistan and millions of Hindus and Sikhs moved to India.",
"Dispute over Jammu and Kashmir led to the First Kashmir War."
] | [
0
] |
The "Repetitions", January 1889 | What addition was made to the version in Amsterdam? | Sunflowers (Van Gogh series) | true | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"Both \"repetitions\" of the 4th version are no longer in their original state.",
"In the Amsterdam version a strip of wood was added at the top—probably by Van Gogh himself.",
"The Tokyo version, however, was enlarged on all sides with strips of canvas, which were added at a later time—presumably by the first owner, Emile Schuffenecker.",
"The series is perhaps his best known and most widely reproduced.",
"In recent years, there has been debate regarding the authenticity of one of the paintings, and it has been suggested that this version may have been the work of Émile Schuffenecker or of Paul Gauguin.",
"Most experts, however, conclude that the work is genuine."
] | [
0
] |
Paintings of the 1500s | Why is the Mona Lisa famous? | Leonardo da Vinci | false | 3ART
| [
2
] | [
"Among the works created by Leonardo in the 16th century is the small portrait known as the \"Mona Lisa\" or \"la Gioconda\", the laughing one.",
"In the present era it is arguably the most famous painting in the world.",
"Its fame rests, in particular, on the elusive smile on the woman's face, its mysterious quality brought about perhaps by the fact that the artist has subtly shadowed the corners of the mouth and eyes so that the exact nature of the smile cannot be determined.",
"The shadowy quality for which the work is renowned came to be called \"sfumato\" or Leonardo's smoke.",
"Vasari, who is generally thought to have known the painting only by repute, said that \"the smile was so pleasing that it seemed divine rather than human; and those who saw it were amazed to find that it was as alive as the original\".",
"Other characteristics found in this work are the unadorned dress, in which the eyes and hands have no competition from other details, the dramatic landscape background in which the world seems to be in a state of flux, the subdued colouring and the extremely smooth nature of the painterly technique, employing oils, but laid on much like tempera and blended on the surface so that the brushstrokes are indistinguishable.",
"Vasari expressed the opinion that the manner of painting would make even \"the most confident master ... despair and lose heart.\"",
"The perfect state of preservation and the fact that there is no sign of repair or overpainting is rare in a panel painting of this date.",
"In the painting \"Virgin and Child with St. Anne\" the composition again picks up the theme of figures in a landscape which Wasserman describes as \"breathtakingly beautiful\" and harkens back to the St Jerome picture with the figure set at an oblique angle.",
"What makes this painting unusual is that there are two obliquely set figures superimposed.",
"Mary is seated on the knee of her mother, St Anne.",
"She leans forward to restrain the Christ Child as he plays roughly with a lamb, the sign of his own impending sacrifice.",
"This painting, which was copied many times, influenced Michelangelo, Raphael, and Andrea del Sarto, and through them Pontormo and Correggio.",
"The trends in composition were adopted in particular by the Venetian painters Tintoretto and Veronese."
] | [
1
] |
Geysers and the hydrothermal system | What four geyers are located in the Upper Geyer Basic of Yellowstone National Park? | Yellowstone National Park | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0,
1
] | [
"The most famous geyser in the park, and perhaps the world, is Old Faithful Geyser, located in Upper Geyser Basin.",
"Castle Geyser, Lion Geyser and Beehive Geyser are in the same basin.",
"The park contains the largest active geyser in the world—Steamboat Geyser in the Norris Geyser Basin.",
"A study that was completed in 2011 found that at least 1283 geysers have erupted in Yellowstone.",
"Of these, an average of 465 are active in a given year.",
"Yellowstone contains at least 10,000 geothermal features altogether.",
"Half the geothermal features and two-thirds of the world's geysers are concentrated in Yellowstone.",
"In May 2001, the U.S. Geological Survey, Yellowstone National Park, and the University of Utah created the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory (YVO), a partnership for long-term monitoring of the geological processes of the Yellowstone Plateau volcanic field, for disseminating information concerning the potential hazards of this geologically active region.",
"In 2003, changes at the Norris Geyser Basin resulted in the temporary closure of some trails in the basin.",
"New fumaroles were observed, and several geysers showed enhanced activity and increasing water temperatures.",
"Several geysers became so hot that they were transformed into purely steaming features; the water had become superheated and they could no longer erupt normally.",
"This coincided with the release of reports of a multiple year United States Geological Survey research project which mapped the bottom of Yellowstone Lake and identified a structural dome that had uplifted at some time in the past.",
"Research indicated that these uplifts posed no immediate threat of a volcanic eruption, since they may have developed long ago, and there had been no temperature increase found near the uplifts.",
"On March 10, 2004, a biologist discovered 5 dead bison which apparently had inhaled toxic geothermal gases trapped in the Norris Geyser Basin by a seasonal atmospheric inversion.",
"This was closely followed by an upsurge of earthquake activity in April 2004.",
"In 2006, it was reported that the Mallard Lake Dome and the Sour Creek Dome— areas that have long been known to show significant changes in their ground movement— had risen at a rate of per year from mid–2004 through 2006.",
"As of late 2007, the uplift has continued at a reduced rate.",
"These events inspired a great deal of media attention and speculation about the geologic future of the region.",
"Experts responded to the conjecture by informing the public that there was no increased risk of a volcanic eruption in the near future.",
"However, these changes demonstrate the dynamic nature of the Yellowstone hydrothermal system."
] | [
0
] |
How MRI works | With MRI magnets, what measurements are used to define the field strength? | Magnetic resonance imaging | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"To perform a study the patient is positioned within an MRI scanner which forms a strong magnetic field around the area to be imaged.",
"Most medical applications rely on detecting a radio frequency signal emitted by excited hydrogen atoms in the body (present in any tissue containing water molecules) using energy from an oscillating magnetic field applied at the appropriate resonant frequency.",
"The orientation of the image is controlled by varying the main magnetic field using gradient coils.",
"As these coils are rapidly switched on and off they create the characteristic repetitive noises of an MRI scan.",
"The contrast between different tissues is determined by the rate at which excited atoms return to the equilibrium state.",
"Exogenous contrast agents may be given intravenously, orally or intra-articularly.MRI requires a magnetic field that is both strong and uniform.",
"The field strength of the magnet is measured in tesla – and while the majority of systems operate at 1.5T commercial systems are available between 0.2T–7T.",
"Most clinical magnets are superconducting which requires liquid helium.",
"The lower field strengths can be achieved with permanent magnets, which are often used in \"open\" MRI scanners for claustrophobic patients."
] | [
0
] |
Statistics and records | What is the largest winning margin of points in Rugby? | Rugby union | false | 4SPORT
| [
13
] | [
"According to a 2011 report by the Centre for the International Business of Sport at Coventry University, there are now over four and a half million people playing rugby union or one of its variants organised by the IRB.",
"This is an increase of 19 percent since the previous report in 2007.",
"The report also claimed that since 2007 participation has grown by 33 percent in Africa, 22 percent in South America and 18 percent in Asia and North America.",
"In 2014 the IRB published a breakdown of the total number of players worldwide by national unions.",
"It recorded a total of 6.6 million players globally, of those, 2.36 million were registered members playing for a club affiliated to their country's union.",
"Rugby union's premier event, the Rugby World Cup, has continued to grow since its inception in 1987.",
"The first tournament, in which 16 teams competed for the title, was broadcast to 17 countries with an accumulated total of 230 million television viewers.",
"Ticket sales during the pool stages and finals of the same tournament was less than a million.",
"The 2007 World Cup was contested by 94 countries with ticket sales of 3,850,000 over the pool and final stage.",
"The accumulated television audience for the event, then broadcast to 200 countries, was 4.2 billion.",
"The most capped international player from the tier 1 nations is Irish and British Lions centre Brian O'Driscoll who has played in 141 internationals.",
"While the top scoring tier 1 international player is New Zealand's Dan Carter, who has amassed 1442 points during his career.",
"In April 2010 Lithuania broke the record of consecutive international wins previously held by New Zealand and South Africa, which was 17 consecutive wins against tier 1 nations, with their 18th win in tier 2 in a match against Serbia.",
"The highest scoring international match between two recognised unions was Hong Kong's 164–13 victory over Singapore on 27 October 1994 While the largest winning margin of 152 points is held by two countries, Japan (a 155–3 win over Chinese Taipei) and Argentina (152–0 over Paraguay) both in 2002."
] | [
0
] |
Independence and civil wars | When did Buenos Aires enact a centralist constitution? | Argentina | false | 5COUNTRY
| [
6
] | [
"Beginning a process from which Argentina was to emerge as successor state to the Viceroyalty, the 1810 May Revolution replaced the viceroy Baltasar Hidalgo de Cisneros with the First Junta, a new government in Buenos Aires composed by locals.",
"In the first clashes of the Independence War the Junta crushed a royalist counter-revolution in Córdoba, but failed to overcome those of the Banda Oriental, Upper Peru and Paraguay, which later became independent states.",
"Revolutionaries split into two antagonist groups: the Centralists and the Federalists—a move that would define Argentina's first decades of independence.",
"The Assembly of the Year XIII appointed Gervasio Antonio de Posadas as Argentina's first Supreme Director.",
"In 1816 the Congress of Tucumán formalized the Declaration of Independence.",
"One year later General Martín Miguel de Güemes stopped royalists on the North, and General José de San Martín took an army across the Andes and secured the independence of Chile; then he led the fight to the Spanish stronghold of Lima and proclaimed the independence of Peru.",
"In 1819 Buenos Aires enacted a centralist constitution that was soon abrogated by federalists.",
"The 1820 Battle of Cepeda, fought between the Centralists and the Federalists, resulted in the end of the Supreme Director rule.",
"In 1826 Buenos Aires enacted another centralist constitution, with Bernardino Rivadavia being appointed as the first president of the country.",
"However, the interior provinces soon rose against him, forced his resignation and discarded the constitution.",
"Centralists and Federalists resumed the civil war; the latter prevailed and formed the Argentine Confederation in 1831, led by Juan Manuel de Rosas.",
"During his regime he faced a French blockade (1838–1840), the War of the Confederation (1836–1839), and a combined Anglo-French blockade (1845–1850), but remained undefeated and prevented further loss of national territory.",
"His trade restriction policies, however, angered the interior provinces and in 1852 Justo José de Urquiza, another powerful caudillo, beat him out of power.",
"As new president of the Confederation, Urquiza enacted the liberal and federal 1853 Constitution.",
"Buenos Aires seceded but was forced back into the Confederation after being defeated in the 1859 Battle of Cepeda."
] | [
2
] |
History | In which year did the oldest rugby sevens tournament start? | Rugby union | true | 4SPORT
| [
1,
12
] | [
"The origin of rugby football is reputed to be an incident during a game of English school football at Rugby School in 1823 when William Webb Ellis is said to have picked up the ball and run with it.",
"Although the evidence for the story is doubtful, it was immortalised at the school with a plaque unveiled in 1895.",
"Despite the doubtful evidence, the Rugby World Cup trophy is named after Webb Ellis.",
"Rugby football stems from the form of game played at Rugby School, which former pupils then introduced to their university.",
"Old Rugbeian Albert Pell, a student at Cambridge, is credited with having formed the first \"football\" team.",
"During this early period different schools used different rules, with former pupils from Rugby and Eton attempting to carry their preferred rules through to their universities.",
"A significant event in the early development of rugby football was the production of the first written laws of the game at Rugby School in 1845, which was followed by the 'Cambridge Rules' drawn up in 1848.",
"Other important events include the Blackheath Club's decision to leave the Football Association in 1863 and the formation of the Rugby Football Union in 1871.",
"The code was originally known as \"rugby football\"; it was not until after the schism in England in 1895, which resulted in the separate code of rugby league, that the sport took on the name \"rugby union\" to differentiate it from the league game.",
"Despite the sport's full name of rugby union, it is known simply as rugby throughout most of the world.",
"The first rugby football international was played on 27 March 1871 between England and Scotland.",
"By 1881 both Ireland and Wales had representative teams, and in 1883 the first international competition, the Home Nations Championship had begun.",
"1883 is also the year of the first rugby sevens tournament, the Melrose Sevens, which is still held annually.",
"Five years later two important overseas tours took place: a British Isles team visited Australia and New Zealand—although a private venture, it laid the foundations for future British and Irish Lions tours; and the 1888–89 New Zealand Native football team brought the first overseas team to British spectators.",
"Between 1905 and 1908, all three major Southern Hemisphere rugby countries sent their first touring teams to the Northern Hemisphere: New Zealand in 1905, followed by South Africa in 1906 and Australia in 1908.",
"All three teams brought new styles of play, fitness levels and tactics, and were far more successful than critics had expected.",
"The New Zealand 1905 touring team performed a haka before each match, leading Welsh Rugby Union administrator Tom Williams to suggest that Wales player Teddy Morgan lead the crowd in singing the Welsh National Anthem, \"Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau\", as a response.",
"After Morgan began singing, the crowd joined in: the first time a national anthem was sung at the start of a sporting event.",
"In 1905 France played England in its first international match.",
"No international rugby games and union-sponsored club matches were played during the First World War, but competitions continued through service teams such as the New Zealand Army team.",
"During the Second World War no international matches were played by most countries, though Italy, Germany and Romania played a limited number of games, and Cambridge and Oxford continued their annual University Match.",
"Rugby union was included as an event in the Olympic Games four times during the early 20th century.",
"In 1973 the first officially sanctioned international sevens tournament took place at Murrayfield, one of Scotland's biggest stadiums, as part of the Scottish Rugby Union centenary celebrations.",
"In 1987 the first Rugby World Cup was held in Australia and New Zealand, and the inaugural winners were New Zealand.",
"The first World Cup Sevens tournament was held at Murrayfield in 1993.",
"Rugby Sevens was introduced into the Commonwealth Games in 1998 and is due to be added to the Olympic Games by 2016.",
"Rugby union was an amateur sport until the IRB declared the game \"open\" in 1995, removing restrictions on payments to players.",
"However, the pre-1995 period of rugby union was marked by frequent accusations of \"shamateurism\", including an investigation in Britain by a House of Commons Select committee.",
"Following the introduction of professionalism trans-national club competitions were started, with the Heineken Cup in the Northern Hemisphere and Super Rugby in the Southern Hemisphere.",
"The Tri-nations, an annual international tournament involving Australia, New Zealand and South Africa, kicked off in 1996."
] | [] |
Weapons | How many centers in the world are authorized by the WHO to keep stocks of smallpox virus? | Virus | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
3
] | [
"The ability of viruses to cause devastating epidemics in human societies has led to the concern that viruses could be weaponised for biological warfare.",
"Further concern was raised by the successful recreation of the infamous 1918 influenza virus in a laboratory.",
"The smallpox virus devastated numerous societies throughout history before its eradication.",
"There are only two centers in the world that are authorized by the WHO to keep stocks of smallpox virus: the Vector Institute in Russia and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in the United States.",
"However fears that it may be used as a weapon may not be totally unfounded.",
"As the vaccine for smallpox sometimes had severe side-effects, it is no longer used routinely in any country.",
"Thus, much of the modern human population has almost no established resistance to smallpox, and would be vulnerable to the virus."
] | [
5,
3
] |
World production and consumption | Where does most of the world's cheese come from? | Cheese | false | 9FOOD
| [
3,
4,
5,
6,
7
] | [
"Worldwide, cheese is a major agricultural product.",
"According to the Food and Agricultural Organization of the United Nations, over 20 million metric tons of cheese were produced worldwide in 2011.",
"This is about three kilograms for each person on Earth.",
"The largest producer of cheese is the United States, accounting for 26% of world production, followed by Germany and France.",
"In the U.S., mozzarella and cheddar are by far the top cheese types.",
"Only Ireland, New Zealand, the Netherlands and Australia have a cheese production that is mainly export oriented: respectively 95%, 90%, 72%, and 65% of their cheese production is exported.",
"Only 35% of French production is exported.",
"The United States, the biggest world producer of cheese, is a marginal exporter, as most of its production is for the domestic market.",
"Emmental (used mainly as a cooking ingredient) and Camembert are the most common cheeses in France.",
"In Iceland, skyr is the most common cheese.",
"In Greece, feta accounts for three-quarters of this consumption.",
"In the U.S., the consumption of cheese is quickly increasing and has nearly tripled between 1970 and 2003.",
"The consumption per person has reached, in 2003, .",
"Mozzarella is United States's favorite cheese and accounts for nearly a third of its consumption, mainly because it is one of the main ingredients of pizza."
] | [
4
] |
Restoration | Does this illustration reflect the actual painting? | The Last Judgment (Michelangelo) | false | 3ART
| [
1
] | [
"The fresco was restored along with the Sistine vault between 1980 and 1994 under the supervision of curator of the Vatican Museums Frabrizio Mancinelli.",
"The illustration reflects the restoration.",
"During the course of the restoration about half of the censorship of the \"Fig-Leaf Campaign\" was removed.",
"Numerous pieces of buried details, caught under the smoke and grime of scores of years were revealed after the restoration.",
"It was discovered that the fresco of Biagio de Cesena as Minos with donkey ears was being bitten in the genitalia by a coiled snake.",
"Another discovery is of the figure condemned to Hell directly below and to the right of St. Bartholomew with flayed skin.",
"It was, for centuries, considered to be male until removal of the \"fig leaf\" showed that it was female."
] | [] |
Abstract | The Yosemite Grant was signed by which president in 1964? | Yosemite National Park | true | 2TRAVEL
| [
6
] | [
"Yosemite National Park ( ) is a United States National Park spanning eastern portions of Tuolumne, Mariposa and Madera counties in the central eastern portion of the U.S. state of California.",
"The park, which is managed by the National Park Service, covers an area of and reaches across the western slopes of the Sierra Nevada mountain chain.",
"Over 3.7 million people visit Yosemite each year: most spend their time in the seven square miles (18 km2) of Yosemite Valley.",
"Designated a World Heritage Site in 1984, Yosemite is internationally recognized for its spectacular granite cliffs, waterfalls, clear streams, Giant Sequoia groves, and biological diversity.",
"Almost 95% of the park is designated wilderness.",
"Yosemite was central to the development of the national park idea.",
"First, Galen Clark and others lobbied to protect Yosemite Valley from development, ultimately leading to President Abraham Lincoln's signing the Yosemite Grant in 1864.",
"Later, John Muir led a successful movement to establish a larger national park encompassing not just the valley, but surrounding mountains and forests as well - paving the way for the United States national park system.",
"Yosemite is one of the largest and least fragmented habitat blocks in the Sierra Nevada, and the park supports a diversity of plants and animals.",
"The park has an elevation range from and contains five major vegetation zones: chaparral/oak woodland, lower montane forest, upper montane forest, subalpine zone, and alpine.",
"Of California's 7,000 plant species, about 50% occur in the Sierra Nevada and more than 20% within Yosemite.",
"There is suitable habitat or documentation for more than 160 rare plants in the park, with rare local geologic formations and unique soils characterizing the restricted ranges many of these plants occupy.",
"The geology of the Yosemite area is characterized by granitic rocks and remnants of older rock.",
"About 10 million years ago, the Sierra Nevada was uplifted and then tilted to form its relatively gentle western slopes and the more dramatic eastern slopes.",
"The uplift increased the steepness of stream and river beds, resulting in formation of deep, narrow canyons.",
"About 1 million years ago, snow and ice accumulated, forming glaciers at the higher alpine meadows that moved down the river valleys.",
"Ice thickness in Yosemite Valley may have reached during the early glacial episode.",
"The downslope movement of the ice masses cut and sculpted the U-shaped valley that attracts so many visitors to its scenic vistas today."
] | [] |
Season 8 | How does season 8 of "How I Met Your Mother" conclude? | How I Met Your Mother | false | 1TV
| [
19
] | [
"Ted visits Robin on the day of her wedding to Barney, causing him to remember how he and Victoria ran away from her wedding to be together.",
"The summer is spent with Ted, Barney and Robin enjoying their current relationships however all subsequently break up with their partners.",
"Victoria splits up with Ted over his friendship with Robin, Barney and Quinn break up due to their inability to trust each other and Robin breaks up with Nick realizing his immaturity.",
"Robin and Barney kiss but decide not to get together, despite Barney's wishes.",
"Barney then begins dating Robin's hated co-worker Patrice (Ellen D. Williams), a relationship later exposed as a ruse to make Robin realize her true feelings for him.",
"In a culminating scene Barney proposes to Robin, who says yes.",
"Marshall and Lily attempt to get used to being parents, which causes a brief estrangement from the gang as Baby Marvin takes up the majority of their time.",
"Lily's father Mickey becomes Marvin's nanny, freeing the two up to spend more time with their friends.",
"The Captain, ex-husband of Ted's old girlfriend Zoey, offers Lily a job as an art consultant due to her identifying a painting that made a huge profit for him.",
"Lily accepts, happy to finally achieve her dream of having a job in the art industry while Marshall decides to apply to become a judge.",
"The Captain offers Lilly a year's work in Rome, which she accepts with Marshall's blessing.",
"However, just before Barney and Robin's wedding, Marshall is informed that his application to become a judge has been granted, a development that would require them to stay in the US.",
"Ted briefly dates Jeanette (Abby Elliott), a girl who stalked him after he appeared on the cover of \"New York Magazine\" due to his design of GNB headquarters.",
"He quickly realizes he's made a mistake and breaks up with her.",
"Ted's feelings of loneliness grow, especially as he is now the only single member of the group, and he decides he is truly ready to settle down.",
"He argues with Lily over hiring a DJ or a band for Barney and Robin's wedding, but is forced to provide a band at short notice when Lily concedes the argument.",
"During a chance meeting on the subway, Cindy offers the services of her roommate's wedding band; said roommate is Ted's future wife.",
"As the week of the wedding approaches, Robin has doubts about marrying Barney and shares an emotional moment with Ted.",
"Guilty, Ted realizes he can't be around Barney and Robin after they're married and decides to move to Chicago the day after the wedding.",
"The season concludes with everyone travelling to Barney and Robin's wedding, including the mother of Ted's children (revealed on screen for the first time and portrayed by Cristin Milioti), who is seen buying a train ticket to the venue and holding her yellow umbrella."
] | [
5
] |
Nutrients | How many mg of sodium can four pieces of bacon contain? | Bacon | false | 9FOOD
| [
1
] | [
"One rasher of cooked streaky bacon contains of fat, and of protein.",
"Four pieces of bacon can also contain up to 800 mg of sodium, which is roughly equivalent to 1.92 grams of salt.",
"The fat and protein content varies depending on the cut and cooking method.68% of bacon's calories come from fat, almost half of which are saturated.",
"Each ounce of bacon contains 30 milligrams of cholesterol."
] | [
5
] |
Author controversy | What was Winston Groom paid for the film? | Forrest Gump | true | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"Winston Groom was paid $350,000 for the screenplay rights to his novel \"Forrest Gump\" and was contracted for a 3 percent share of the film's net profits.",
"However, Paramount and the film's producers did not pay him, using Hollywood accounting to posit that the blockbuster film lost money.",
"Tom Hanks, by contrast, contracted for the film's gross receipts instead of a salary, and he and director Zemeckis each received $40 million.",
"Additionally, Groom was not mentioned once in any of the film's six Oscar-winner speeches.",
"The dispute was later resolved."
] | [
0
] |
Venus | Does Venus feature any natural satellites? | Solar System | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
2
] | [
" Venus (0.7 AU from the Sun) is close in size to Earth (0.815 Earth masses) and, like Earth, has a thick silicate mantle around an iron core, a substantial atmosphere, and evidence of internal geological activity.",
"It is much drier than Earth, and its atmosphere is ninety times as dense.",
"Venus has no natural satellites.",
"It is the hottest planet, with surface temperatures over 400 °C (752°F), most likely due to the amount of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.",
"No definitive evidence of current geological activity has been detected on Venus, but it has no magnetic field that would prevent depletion of its substantial atmosphere, which suggests that its atmosphere is frequently replenished by volcanic eruptions."
] | [] |
Critical reception | What rating did Luke Lewis of "NME" give the song "We Are Young"? | We Are Young | false | 0MUSIC
| [
9
] | [
"",
"\"We Are Young\" has received generally positive reviews from critics.",
"Jody Rosen of \"Rolling Stone\" called the song \"rollickingly catchy,\" writing that \"Ruess' knack for the anthemic is matched by Gen-Y humor – emo self-deprecation that leavens the bombast.\"",
"In addition, fellow \"Rolling Stone\" columnist Steve Knopper compared the song's crossover success to that of Foster the People's \"Pumped Up Kicks\" (2011), writing that the song displays a \"sprightly pop-novelty feel\" that is the best track on the album.",
"Al Shipley of \"The Village Voice\" agreed with this comparison, attributing the song's success to the changing music industry as a result of advertising and iTunes.",
"MTV News called \"We Are Young\" the band's \"breakout anthem\" and one of the year's most unlikely sensations.RJ Cubarrubia of \"Billboard\" commended the band for taking their \"warm retro sound into soaring ballad territory,\" calling the track a \"bold statement.\"",
"He did however, criticize the small inclusion of Janelle Monáe in the track: \"Monáe's guest spot is a missed opportunity, as the budding R&B star is relegated to background harmonies instead of adding something soulful and special to an already powerful hook.\"",
"Bill Lamb of About.com praised the chorus stating : \"We Are Young\" carries a hook in the chorus that is likely to stop many listeners dead in their tracks the first time they hear it.",
"The second time around this just might have become your new favorite song.",
"However Luke Lewis of \"NME\" gave a highly negative review of the song, giving a 5 out of 10 stating: \"It's not clear what compelled Janelle Monáe to work with these New York-based Panic!",
"at the Disco soundalikes.",
"They're hardly natural bedfellows, and her input is limited to a brief vocal.",
"It's a winning formula though – this stirring emo ballad went to Number One in the US.",
"This year's Owl City then, if that concept doesn't chill your blood.",
"\"The song won the Grammy Award for Song of the Year at the 2013 Grammy Awards, where it was also a nominee for Record of the Year and Best Pop Duo/Group Performance."
] | [
0
] |
Canada | What is the Open age group in diving? | Diving | false | 4SPORT
| [
2
] | [
"Most provincial level competitions consist of events for 6 age groups (Groups A, B, C, D, E, and Open) for both genders on each of the three board levels.",
"These age groups roughly correspond to those standardized by FINA, with the addition of a youngest age group for divers 9 and younger, Group E, which does not compete nationally and does not have a tower event (although divers of this age may choose to compete in Group D).",
"The age group Open is so called because divers of any age, including those over 18, may compete in these events, so long as their dives meet a minimum standard of difficulty.",
"Although Canada is internationally a fairly strong country in diving, the vast majority of Canadian high schools and universities do not have diving teams, and many Canadian divers accept athletic scholarships from American colleges.",
"Adult divers who are not competitive at an elite level may compete in masters diving.",
"Typically, masters are either adults who never practiced the sport as children or teenagers, or former elite athletes who have retired but still seek a way to be involved in the sport.",
"Many diving clubs have masters teams in addition to their primary competitive ones, and while some masters dive only for fun and fitness, there are also masters competitions, which range from the local to world championship level."
] | [
0
] |
Production | Where is most maple syrup produced? | Maple syrup | false | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Maple syrup production is centred in northeastern North America; however, given the correct weather conditions, it can be made wherever suitable species of maple trees grow.",
"A maple syrup production farm is called a \"sugarbush\" or \"sugarwood\".",
"Sap is often boiled in a \"sugar house\" (also known as a \"sugar shack,\" \"sugar shanty,\" or \"cabane à sucre\"), a building louvered at the top to vent the steam from the boiling sap.",
"Maples are usually tapped beginning at 30 to 40 years of age.",
"Each tree can support between one and three taps, depending on its trunk diameter.",
"The average maple tree will produce of sap per season, up to per day.",
"This is roughly equal to 7% of its total sap.",
"Seasons last for four to eight weeks, depending on the weather.",
"During the day, starch stored in the roots for the winter rises through the trunk as sugary sap, allowing it to be tapped.",
"Sap is not tapped at night because the temperature drop inhibits sap flow, although taps are typically left in place overnight.",
"Some producers also tap in autumn, though this practice is less common than spring tapping.",
"Maples can continue to be tapped for sap until they are over 100 years old."
] | [
4
] |
Experimental observations of photoelectric emission | What does the theory of photoelectric effect explain? | Photoelectric effect | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"The theory of the photoelectric effect must explain the experimental observations of the emission of electrons from an illuminated metal surface.",
"For a given metal, there exists a certain minimum frequency of incident radiation below which no photoelectrons are emitted.",
"This frequency is called the \"threshold frequency\".",
"Increasing the frequency of the incident beam, keeping the number of incident photons fixed (this would result in a proportionate increase in energy) increases the maximum kinetic energy of the photoelectrons emitted.",
"Thus the stopping voltage increases.",
"The number of electrons also changes because the probability that each photon results in an emitted electron is a function of photon energy.",
"If the intensity of the incident radiation is increased, there is no effect on the kinetic energies of the photoelectrons.",
"Above the threshold frequency, the maximum kinetic energy of the emitted photoelectron depends on the frequency of the incident light, but is independent of the intensity of the incident light so long as the latter is not too high.",
"For a given metal and frequency of incident radiation, the rate at which photoelectrons are ejected is directly proportional to the intensity of the incident light.",
"Increase in intensity of incident beam (keeping the frequency fixed) increases the magnitude of the photoelectric current, though stopping voltage remains the same.",
"The time lag between the incidence of radiation and the emission of a photoelectron is very small, less than 10−9 second.",
"The direction of distribution of emitted electrons peaks in the direction of polarization (the direction of the electric field) of the incident light, if it is linearly polarized."
] | [
0
] |
Recurring cast | Who is Max's love interest in season 1 and 2? | 2 Broke Girls | false | 1TV
| [
4
] | [
" Brooke Lyons as Peach Landis (season 1-2), a high society mother who acts like the most clueless version of that.",
"She is the woman whose babies, Brad and Angelina (a reference to real-life actors Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie), Max babysits for.",
"She fired Max from that job to appease an awful friend of hers after a cupcake-catering mishap, and after she begged Max to return full-time, Max decided that she would only return in a part-time capacity.",
"Her last appearance was in the third episode of the show's second season and hasn't been seen or heard from since.",
" Nick Zano as Johnny (seasons 1–2), Max's on-again-off-again love interest.",
"He told Max he broke up with Cashandra and was getting married to another women he just met a week ago in the season 1 finale.",
"He was not seen again until the episode \"And the Big Opening\" of season 2, in which he and Max had sex.",
"He and Max both agreed that they only wanted each other when they were taken by another person.",
"He left at the end of that episode promising her he would see her again someday.",
" Ryan Hansen as Andy (season 2), a candy store owner whose business was across from the cupcake store, and Caroline's love interest in season 2.",
" Federico Dordei as Luis (season 3), a flamboyant man who becomes the new day waiter in the third season episode \"And the Group Head\", who likes Oleg.",
" Gilles Marini as Nicolas (season 3), a French \"master baker\" who owns and teaches at the Manhattan School of Pastry; he was Caroline's love interest, until she realized he is married in \"And the French Kiss\".",
" Mary Lynn Rajskub as Bebe (season 3), a neurotic pastry chef who works at the front desk of the Manhattan School of Pastry.",
" Eric André as Deacon \"Deke\" Bromberg (season 3), a sarcastic student at the Pastry School who quickly becomes Max's friend and later boyfriend.",
"He's the second person Max says \"I love you\" to (the first being Caroline).",
"It's later revealed he's rich, his parents owning a large elevator company.",
" Patrick Cox as John (season 3), a large homosexual bald man who shares a table in the pastry school classroom with Max, who nicknames him \"Big Mary\"."
] | [
3
] |
Research and practice | How is anatomy different from physiology? | Anatomy | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
3
] | [
"Human anatomy.",
"Research and practice.",
"Human anatomy, including gross human anatomy and histology, is primarily the scientific study of the morphology of the adult human body.",
"It differs from physiology in that anatomy is about the morphology of biological structures, while physiology is the way those structures actually work.",
"Generally, students of certain biological sciences, paramedics, prosthetists and orthotists, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, nurses, and medical students learn gross anatomy and microscopic anatomy from anatomical models, skeletons, textbooks, diagrams, photographs, lectures and tutorials, and in addition, medical students generally also learn gross anatomy through practical experience of dissection and inspection of cadavers.",
"The study of microscopic anatomy (or histology) can be aided by practical experience examining histological preparations (or slides) under a microscope.",
"Human anatomy, physiology and biochemistry are complementary basic medical sciences, which are generally taught to medical students in their first year at medical school.",
"Human anatomy can be taught regionally or systemically; that is, respectively, studying anatomy by bodily regions such as the head and chest, or studying by specific systems, such as the nervous or respiratory systems.",
"The major anatomy textbook, Gray's Anatomy, has been reorganized from a systems format to a regional format, in line with modern teaching methods.",
"A thorough working knowledge of anatomy is required by physicians, especially surgeons and doctors working in some diagnostic specialties, such as histopathology and radiology.",
"Academic human anatomists are usually employed by universities, medical schools or teaching hospitals.",
"They are often involved in teaching anatomy, and research into certain systems, organs, tissues or cells."
] | [
5
] |
Special-purpose cakes | What cakes are associated with Christmas? | Cake | false | 9FOOD
| [
5
] | [
"Cakes may be classified according to the occasion for which they are intended.",
"For example, wedding cakes, birthday cakes, cakes for first communion, Christmas cakes, Halloween cakes and Passover plava (a type of sponge cake sometimes made with matzo meal) are all identified primarily according to the celebration they are intended to accompany.",
"The cutting of a wedding cake constitutes a social ceremony in some cultures.",
"The Ancient Roman marriage ritual of \"confarreatio\" originated in the sharing of a cake.",
"Particular types of cake may be associated with particular festivals, such as stollen or chocolate log (at Christmas), babka and simnel cake (at Easter), or mooncake.",
"There has been a long tradition of decorating an iced cake at Christmas time; other cakes associated with Christmas include chocolate log and mince pies."
] | [
0
] |
Home media | A CNN special was broadcasted after Blackfish. Which news anchors did it feature? | Blackfish (film) | false | 6MOVIES
| [
4
] | [
"",
"\"Blackfish\" was released on DVD and Blu-ray Disc on August 26, 2013 in the UK (Region 2, PAL).",
"Its US release was on November 12, 2013.",
"The documentary was broadcast on CNN on October 24, 2013.",
"After the broadcast, CNN aired an Anderson Cooper special with Jack Hanna, Gabriela Cowperthwaite, Naomi Rose and Jack Hurley.",
"This was followed by a special edition of \"Crossfire\" with \"Blackfish\" associate producer Tim Zimmermann debating Grey Stafford, a conservationist, zoologist, and member of the International Marine Animal Trainers Association.",
"The documentary aired on BBC Four in the UK on November 21, 2013 as part of the \"Storyville\" documentary series."
] | [] |
Season 9 | How does season nine begin? | Friends | false | 1TV
| [
0
] | [
"Season nine begins with Ross and Rachel living together as roommates with baby Emma.",
"Monica and Chandler try to conceive a baby of their own but find out that they are unable to, due to health restrictions.",
"Phoebe begins dating Mike Hannigan (Paul Rudd), and chooses to be with him over her ex-boyfriend David (Hank Azaria).",
"Rachel and Emma move in with Joey in the middle of the season, and Rachel develops romantic feelings for him, while the rest of the \"friends\" try hard to get Ross and Rachel back together.",
"The group travels to Barbados in the finale to hear Ross give a keynote speech at a palaeontology conference.",
"Joey and his girlfriend Charlie (Aisha Tyler) break up, and she begins a relationship with Ross.",
"Joey and Rachel's feelings for each other return, and the finale ends with them kissing."
] | [
5
] |
Head injuries | When was the testing protocol implemented? | Ice hockey | true | 4SPORT
| [
12
] | [
"According to the Hughston Health Alert, \"Lacerations to the head, scalp, and face are the most frequent types of injury hockey.\"",
"(Schmidt 6) Even a shallow cut to the head results in a loss of a large amount of blood.",
"Most concussions occur during player to player contact (49%) rather than when a player is checked into the boards (35%).",
"Not only are lacerations common, “it is estimated that direct trauma accounts for 80% of all injuries.",
"Most of these injuries are caused by player contact, falls and contact with a puck, high stick and occasionally, a skate blade.” (Schmidt 3) One of the causes of head injury is checking from behind.",
"Due to the danger of delivering a check from behind, many leagues, including the NHL have made this a major and gross misconduct penalty (called \"boarding\").",
"Another type of check that accounts for many of the player to player contact concussions is a check to the head.",
"A check to the head can be defined as delivering a hit while the receiving player’s head is down and their waist is bent and the aggressor is targeting the receiving player's head.",
"Checks to the head have accounted for nearly 50% of concussions that players in the National Hockey League have suffered.",
"Concussions that players suffer may go unreported because there are no obvious physical signs if a player is not knocked unconscious.",
"This can prove to be dangerous if a player decides to return to play without receiving proper medical attention.",
"In recent years there has been debate over whether or not a check to head should be deemed an acceptable hit in hockey.",
"In March 2011, the NHL instituted a new concussion testing protocol to help improve detection of concussions during gameplay"
] | [
2
] |
Related media | Who was a judge that was from EastEnders? | Glee (TV series) | false | 1TV
| [
21
] | [
"In January 2010, it was announced that open auditions would be held for three new roles to be introduced in \"Glee\" second season.",
"They were open to amateurs and professionals aged sixteen to twenty-six, and were intended to be the subject of a multi-part television special, set to air in the lead-in to the second season premiere in fall 2010, with the new cast members revealed in the first episode.",
"Murphy commented: \"Anybody and everybody now has a chance to be on a show about talented underdogs.",
"We want to be the first interactive musical comedy on television.\"",
"On June 22, 2010, Josef Adalian of \"New York\" magazine revealed that the reality show would not go ahead, due to Murphy's desire to concentrate on the main series, and fear that the distraction of the reality show may damage \"Glee\".",
"Adalian reported that the production team would still choose several winners from the entrants and invite them to appear on \"Glee\" for at least one episode.",
"In June 2010, it was announced that Oxygen would host a reality series set to air in June 2011, featuring performers competing for a spot on Glee.",
"\"The Glee Project\" started airing on June 12, 2011, and the final episode was broadcast on August 21, 2011.",
"The winning prize was a seven-episode guest-starring role in \"Glee\" third season, which was awarded to two contestants, with a two-episode role given to two other finalists.",
"On June 7, 2010, UK broadcaster Channel 4 aired \"\" on its E4 station.",
"The documentary explored the American show choir phenomenon which inspired \"Glee\".",
"Narrated by Nick Grimshaw, it went behind the scenes with real-life glee clubs and detailed celebrity show choir alumni including Lance Bass, Ashton Kutcher, Blake Lively and Anne Hathaway.",
"It was selected as recommended viewing by \"The Guardian\", with the comment: \"it's a fascinating look at the real-life New Directions, and it's equally as crackers as its TV champion.\"",
"The newspaper's Lucy Mangan reviewed the documentary positively, writing: \"It will, one way or another, fill your heart to bursting\", and commenting that: \"\"Glee\", it turns out, is not a gloriously ridiculous, highly polished piece of escapism.",
"It is cinéma vérité.\"",
"It was watched by 411,000 viewers, a 2.3% audience share.",
"In summer 2010, Channel 5 in the United Kingdom aired \"Don't Stop Believing\", a reality talent show inspired by \"Glee\" success.",
"The series featured live shows in which established and new musical performance groups competed against each other, performing well-known songs in new arrangements, with viewers voting on the winner.",
"Solo singers were also sought to join a group to represent the United Kingdom on the American glee club circuit.",
"Five's controller Richard Woolfe stated: \"There's an explosion in musical performance groups and \"Don't Stop Believing\" will tap into that exciting groundswell.\"",
"The show was hosted by Emma Bunton, who told \"The Belfast Telegraph\" that she is a \"huge fan\" of \"Glee\".",
"The show's judges were former \"EastEnders\" actress Tamsin Outhwaite, Blue member Duncan James, singer Anastacia and \"High School Musical\" choreographer Charles \"Chucky\" Klapow."
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | What is the biggest draw of snorkeling? | Snorkeling | true | 4SPORT
| [
4
] | [
"Snorkeling (British and Commonwealth English spelling: snorkelling) is the practice of swimming on or through a body of water while equipped with a diving mask, a shaped tube called a snorkel, and usually fins.",
"In cooler waters, a wetsuit may also be worn.",
"Use of this equipment allows the snorkeler to observe underwater attractions for extended periods of time with relatively little effort.",
"Snorkeling is a popular recreational activity, particularly at tropical resort and scuba diving locations.",
"The primary appeal is the opportunity to observe underwater life in a natural setting without the complicated equipment and training required for scuba diving.",
"It appeals to all ages because of how little effort there is, and without the exhaled bubbles of scuba-diving equipment.",
"It is the basis of the two surface disciplines of the underwater sport of finswimming.",
"Snorkeling is also used by scuba divers when on the surface, in underwater sports such as underwater hockey and underwater rugby, and as part of water-based searches conducted by search and rescue teams."
] | [
0
] |
Original plan: Kidnapping the president | what year did the confederates call to the union? | Assassination of Abraham Lincoln | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
14
] | [
"In March 1864, Ulysses S. Grant, the commanding general of all the Union's armies, decided to suspend the exchange of prisoners-of-war.",
"As harsh as it may have been on the prisoners of both sides, Grant realized the exchange was prolonging the war by returning soldiers to the outnumbered and manpower-starved South.",
"John Wilkes Booth, a Southerner and outspoken Confederate sympathizer, conceived a plan to kidnap President Lincoln and deliver him to the Confederate Army, to be held hostage until the North agreed to resume exchanging prisoners.",
"Booth recruited Samuel Arnold, George Atzerodt, David Herold, Michael O'Laughlen, Lewis Powell (also known as \"Lewis Paine\"), and John Surratt to help him.",
"Surratt's mother, Mary Surratt, left her tavern in Surrattsville, Maryland, and moved to a house in Washington, D.C., where Booth became a frequent visitor.",
"In late 1860, Booth had been initiated in the pro-Confederate Knights of the Golden Circle in Baltimore.",
"He attended Lincoln's second inauguration on March 4, 1865, as the invited guest of his secret fiancée Lucy Hale, daughter of John P. Hale, soon to become United States Ambassador to Spain.",
"Booth afterwards wrote in his diary, \"What an excellent chance I had, if I wished, to kill the President on Inauguration day!",
"\"On March 17, 1865, Booth informed his conspirators that Lincoln would be attending a play, \"Still Waters Run Deep\", at Campbell Military Hospital.",
"He assembled his men in a restaurant at the edge of town, intending that they should soon join him on a nearby stretch of road in order to capture the President on his way back from the hospital.",
"But Booth found out that Lincoln had not gone to the play after all.",
"Instead, he had attended a ceremony at the National Hotel in which officers of the 142nd Indiana Infantry presented Governor Oliver Morton with a captured Confederate battle flag.",
"Booth was living at the National Hotel at the time and could have had an opportunity to kill Lincoln had Booth not been at the hospital.",
"Meanwhile, the Confederacy was falling apart.",
"On April 3, Richmond, Virginia, the Confederate capital, fell to the Union army.",
"On April 9, the Army of Northern Virginia, the main army of the Confederacy, surrendered to the Army of the Potomac at Appomattox Court House.",
"Confederate President Jefferson Davis and the rest of his government were in full flight.",
"Despite many Southerners giving up hope, Booth continued to believe in his cause.",
"On April 11, 1865, two days after Lee's army surrendered to Grant, Booth attended a speech at the White House in which Lincoln supported the idea of enfranchising the former slaves.",
"Furiously provoked, Booth decided on assassination and is quoted as saying:That means "
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What is the most common version of fencing today? | Fencing | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
"Fencing is the activity of fighting with swords.",
"The most common version of fencing today, also called olympic fencing or competitive fencing, is divided into three weapon categories: foil, sabre and épée.",
"Classical fencing uses the same three weapons, but approaches fencing as a martial art.",
"Competitive fencing is one of five sports which has been featured at every one of the modern Olympic Games, the other four being Athletics, Cycling, Swimming, and Gymnastics."
] | [
0
] |
Demographics | What percentage of people in Singapore own their own homes? | Singapore | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
9
] | [
", the population of Singapore is 5.312 million people, of whom 3.285 million (62%) are citizens while the rest (38%) are permanent residents or foreign workers/students.",
"Twenty-three percent of Singaporean citizens were born outside Singapore (i.e.",
"foreign born citizens).",
"There are half a million permanent residents in Singapore in 2012.",
"The resident population does not take into account the 11 million transient visitors who visit Singapore annually.",
"The median age of Singaporeans is 37 years old and the average household size is 3.5 persons.",
"Due to scarcity of land, four out of five Singaporeans live in subsidised, high-rise, public housing apartments known as Housing and Development Board (HDB) flats, after the board responsible for public housing in the country.",
"Live-in domestic helpers are quite common in Singapore and there are nearly 200,000 domestic helpers there.",
"In 2010, three quarters of Singaporean residents live in properties that are equal to or larger than a four-room HDB flat or in private housing.",
"Home ownership rate is at 87.2%.",
"Mobile phone penetration rate is extremely high at 1,400 mobile phone subscribers per 1000 people.",
"Around 1 in 10 residents owns a car.",
"The total fertility rate is estimated to be .79 children per woman in 2013, the lowest in the world and well below the 2.1 needed to replace the population.",
"To overcome this problem, the Singapore government has been encouraging foreigners to immigrate to Singapore for the past few decades.",
"The large number of immigrants has kept Singapore's population from declining.",
"Singapore traditionally has one of the lowest unemployment rates among developed countries.",
"The Singaporean unemployment rate has not exceeded 4% in the past decade, hitting a high of 3% during the 2009 global financial crisis and falling to 1.9% in 2011., about 40% of Singapore's residents were foreigners, one of the highest percentage in the world.",
"The government is considering capping these workers, although it has been recognised that they are crucial to the country's economy, as foreign workers make up 80% of the construction industry and up to 50% of the service industry.",
"In 2009, the government census reports that 74.2% of residents were of Chinese, 13.4% of Malay, and 9.2% of Indian descent, while Eurasians and other groups form 3.2%.",
"Prior to 2010, each person could register as a member of only one race, by default that of his or her father, therefore, mixed-race persons were solely grouped under their father's race in government censuses.",
"From 2010 onward, people may register using a \"double-barrelled\" classification, in which they may choose one primary race and one secondary race, but no more than two."
] | [
0
] |
Cuisine | Noodle in Russian | Mongolia | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
6
] | [
"Mongolian cuisine refers to the local culinary traditions of Mongolia and Mongolian styled dishes.",
"The extreme continental climate has affected the traditional diet, so the Mongolian cuisine primarily consists of dairy products, meat, and animal fats.",
"Use of vegetables and spices is limited.",
"Due to geographic proximity and deep historic ties, Mongolian cuisine is also influenced by Chinese and Russian cuisine.",
"In fact, one of the most popular dishes is called \"buuz\", which is a steamed dumpling.",
"Many people mistake it for being one of the national dishes, when in fact it is of Chinese origin.",
"Another popular dish is called \"lapsha\", a simple noodle dish.",
"The word is actually Russian for noodles."
] | [] |
40th anniversary events | WHat year did life.com start the photo gallery? | Apollo 11 | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
0
] | [
"On July 15, 2009, Life.com released a photo gallery of previously unpublished photos of the astronauts taken by \"Life\" photographer Ralph Morse prior to the Apollo 11 launch.",
"From July 16–24, 2009, NASA streamed the original mission audio on its website in real time 40 years to the minute after the events occurred.",
"In addition, it is in the process of restoring the video footage and has released a preview of key moments.",
"On July 20, 2009, the crew of Armstrong, Aldrin, and Collins met with U.S. President Barack Obama at the White House.",
"\"We expect that there is, as we speak, another generation of kids out there who are looking up at the sky and are going to be the next Armstrong, Collins and Aldrin,\" Obama said.",
"\"We want to make sure that NASA is going to be there for them when they want to take their journey.",
"\"The John F. Kennedy Presidential Library and Museum set up a Flash website that rebroadcasts the transmissions of Apollo 11 from launch to landing on the Moon.",
"A group of British scientists interviewed as part of the anniversary events reflected on the significance of the Moon landing:It was carried out in a technically brilliant way with risks taken ... that would be inconceivable in the risk-averse world of today ...",
"The Apollo programme is arguably the greatest technical achievement of mankind to date ... nothing since Apollo has come close the excitement that was generated by those astronauts - Armstrong, Aldrin and the 10 others who followed them.",
"On August 7, 2009, an act of Congress awarded the three astronauts a Congressional Gold Medal, the highest civilian award in the United States.",
"The bill was sponsored by Florida Sen. Bill Nelson and Florida Rep. Alan Grayson.",
"In July 2010, air to ground voice recordings and film footage shot in Mission Control during the Apollo 11 powered descent and landing was re-synchronised and released for the first time."
] | [
0
] |
Final years | Who visited him on December 5, 1988? | Salvador Dalí | false | 3ART
| [
16
] | [
"In 1980 at age 76, Dalí's health took a catastrophic turn.",
"His right hand trembled terribly, with Parkinson-like symptoms.",
"His near-senile wife, Gala Dalí, allegedly had been dosing him with a dangerous cocktail of unprescribed medicine that damaged his nervous system, thus causing an untimely end to his artistic capacity.",
"In 1982, King Juan Carlos bestowed on Dalí the title of \"Marqués de Dalí de Púbol\" (\"Marquis of Dalí de Púbol\") in the nobility of Spain, hereby referring to Púbol, the place where he lived.",
"The title was in first instance hereditary, but on request of Dalí changed to life only in 1983.",
"To show his gratitude for this, Dalí later gave the king a drawing (\"Head of Europa\", which would turn out to be Dalí's final drawing) after the king visited him on his deathbed.",
"Gala died on June 10, 1982, at the age of 87.",
"After Gala's death, Dalí lost much of his will to live.",
"He deliberately dehydrated himself, possibly as a suicide attempt, with claims stating he had tried to put himself into a state of suspended animation as he had read that some microorganisms could do.",
"He moved from Figueres to the castle in Púbol, which he had bought for Gala and had been the site of her death.",
"In 1984, a fire broke out in his bedroom under unclear circumstances.",
"It was possibly a suicide attempt by Dalí, or possibly simple negligence by his staff.",
"Dalí was rescued by friend and collaborator Robert Descharnes and returned to Figueres, where a group of his friends, patrons, and fellow artists saw to it that he was comfortable living in his Theater-Museum in his final years.",
"There have been allegations that Dalí was forced by his guardians to sign blank canvases that would later, even after his death, be used in forgeries and sold as originals.",
"As a result, art dealers tend to be wary of late works attributed to Dalí.",
"In November 1988, Dalí entered the hospital with heart failure; a pacemaker had already been implanted previously.",
"On December 5, 1988, he was visited by King Juan Carlos, who confessed that he had always been a serious devotee of Dalí.",
"On January 23, 1989, while his favorite record of \"Tristan and Isolde\" played, he died of heart failure at Figueres at the age of 84.",
"He is buried in the crypt of his Teatro Museo in Figueres.",
"The location is across the street from the church of \"Sant Pere\", where he had his baptism, first communion, and funeral, and is only three blocks from the house where he was born.",
"The Gala-Salvador Dalí Foundation currently serves as his official estate.",
"The US copyright representative for the Gala-Salvador Dalí Foundation is the Artists Rights Society.",
"In 2002, the Society made the news when they asked Google to remove a customized version of its logo put up to commemorate Dalí, alleging that portions of specific artworks under their protection had been used without permission.",
"Google complied with the request, but denied that there was any copyright violation."
] | [
3
] |
Project Mercury (1959–63) | Who was the first American astronaut in space? | NASA | true | 8SCIENCE
| [
6
] | [
"Project Mercury (1959–63).",
"Shortly after the Space Race began, an early objective was to get a person into Earth orbit as soon as possible, therefore the simplest spacecraft that could be launched by existing rockets was favored.",
"U.S. Air Force's Man in Space Soonest program looked at many manned spacecraft designs, ranging from rocket planes like the X-15, to small ballistic space capsules.",
"By 1958, the space plane concepts were eliminated in favor of the ballistic capsule.",
"When NASA was created that same year, the Air Force program was transferred to it and renamed \"Project Mercury\".",
"The first seven astronauts were selected among candidates from the Navy, Air Force and Marine test pilot programs.",
"On May 5, 1961, astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space aboard \"Freedom 7\", launched by a Redstone booster on a 15-minute ballistic (suborbital) flight.",
"John Glenn became the first American to be launched into orbit by an Atlas launch vehicle on February 20, 1962 aboard \"Friendship 7\".",
"Glenn completed three orbits, after which three more orbital flights were made, culminating in L. Gordon Cooper's 22-orbit flight \"Faith 7\", May 15–16, 1963.",
"The Soviet Union (USSR) competed with its own single-pilot spacecraft, Vostok.",
"They beat the U.S. for the first man in space, by launching cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin into a single Earth orbit aboard Vostok 1 in April 1961, one month before Shepard's flight.",
"In August 1962, they achieved an almost four-day record flight with Andriyan Nikolayev aboard Vostok 3, and also conducted a concurrent Vostok 4 mission carrying Pavel Popovich."
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | Where is the Grand Central Terminal located? | Grand Central Terminal | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
0
] | [
"Grand Central Terminal (GCT) is a commuter (and former intercity) railroad terminal at 42nd Street and Park Avenue in Midtown Manhattan in New York City, United States.",
"Built by and named for the New York Central Railroad in the heyday of American long-distance passenger rail travel, it is the largest such facility in the world by number of platforms with 44 serving 67 tracks along them.",
"They are on two levels, both below ground, with 41 tracks on the upper level and 26 on the lower, though the total number of tracks along platforms and in rail yards exceeds 100.",
"The terminal covers an area of .",
"The terminal serves commuters traveling on the Metro-North Railroad to Westchester, Putnam, and Dutchess counties in New York State, and Fairfield and New Haven counties in Connecticut.",
"Until 1991 the terminal served Amtrak, which moved to nearby Pennsylvania Station upon completion of the Empire Connection.",
"Although the terminal has been properly called “Grand Central Terminal” since 1913, many people continue to refer to it wrongly as “Grand Central Station,” the name of the previous rail station on the same site, and of the U.S. Post Office station next door, which is not part of the terminal.",
"It is also sometimes used to refer to the Grand Central – 42nd Street subway station, which serves the terminal.",
"It has been described as \"the world's loveliest station\".",
"According to the travel magazine \"Travel + Leisure\" in its October 2011 survey, Grand Central Terminal is \"the world's number six most visited tourist attraction\", bringing in approximately 21,600,000 visitors annually.",
"The enduring appeal of the station is thought to be related to its monumental spaces and meticulously crafted detail."
] | [
4
] |
Technology and the Internet | Was THe Good Wife the first show to have Bitcon in it? | The Good Wife | false | 1TV
| [
4
] | [
"",
"\"The Good Wife\" has been well received among technology enthusiasts, being described by Clive Thompson of Wired as \"the most tech-savvy show on TV\".",
"The show has explored the relationship between technology and the law, covering topics including Bitcoin, Anonymous, viral marketing in political campaigns, voice control software, virtual conferencing robots, and NSA surveillance.",
"For example, one of the firm's recurring clients is a fictional internet search company known as Chumhum, which among other issues has faced privacy lawsuits for selling users' personal data to the Chinese and Syrian government.",
"\"The Good Wife\" was the first TV show to feature Bitcoin, the virtual internet currency, with an episode featuring Bitcoin first broadcast in January 2012.",
"This led to it achieving a high level of fame amongst the Bitcoin community.",
"In the season 5 premiere, a Double Robotics robot was featured on the show which allowed a litigator to teleconference from home by controlling a tablet on wheels.",
"However, rather than glorifying the robot's features, \"The Good Wife\" turned it into a punchline with practical jokes and problems the robot could have such as it not being able to maneuver around an office and bumping into walls, doors and people and low Wi-Fi connectivity leading to buffering and loss of visual and voice communication of the person working at home.",
"In Episode 9 \"Whack-a-Mole\" \"The Good Wife\" featured a version of Reddit called \"Scabbit\" and how it affects the law and the downsides of having an \"average joe\" being an investigator trying to find a domestic terrorist.",
"It also deals with injunctions of taking down a defamatory web page on \"Scabbit\" but having another similar web page pop up soon after.",
"In Episode 11 \"Goliath and David\" the story is based around a TV Show 'Drama Camp' who stole an Indie band's cover of a rap song and deals with the legality of copyright infringement.",
"It was inspired by Jonathan Coulton who created a cover of 'Baby Got Back' and Glee, the TV series, which used an identical cover on the show.",
"The character 'Robyn Burdine' who's a private investigator for Florrick/Agos discovers that the show Drama Camp had to release the song on iTunes in Sweden before releasing it in the USA and that the engineers directly ripped the Indie band's track constituting actual theft."
] | [] |
Viscosity | Why does tapping the 57 on heinz ketchup work to get it out of the bottle? | Ketchup | false | 9FOOD
| [
8,
5,
6,
7
] | [
"Tomato ketchup has an additive, usually xanthan gum, which gives the condiment a pseudoplastic or \"shear thinning\" property.",
"This increases the viscosity of the ketchup considerably with a relatively small amount added - usually 0.5%.",
"- which can make it difficult to pour from a container.",
"However, the shear thinning property of the gum ensures that when a force is applied to the ketchup it will lower the viscosity enabling the sauce to flow.",
"A common method to getting ketchup out of the bottle involves inverting the bottle and shaking it or hitting the bottom with the heel of the hand, which causes the ketchup to flow rapidly.",
"A technique involves inverting the bottle and forcefully tapping its upper neck with two fingers (index and middle finger together).",
"Specifically, with a Heinz ketchup bottle, one taps the 57 circle on the neck.",
"This helps the ketchup flow by applying the correct shearing force.",
"These techniques work because of how pseudoplastic fluids behave: their viscosity (resistance to flow) decreases with increasing shear rate.",
"The faster the ketchup is sheared (by shaking or tapping the bottle), the more fluid it becomes.",
"After the shear is removed the ketchup thickens to its original viscosity."
] | [
1
] |
Ticket price | What part of the day are tickets to Tokyo Disneyland available at a discounted price? | Tokyo Disneyland | false | 2TRAVEL
| [
5
] | [
"The ticket prices vary from one package to another and these can be found at the company's website.",
"Standard one and two day tickets do not allow park hopping to Tokyo DisneySea, must be used on consecutive days and are date specific.",
"Instead users must state upon purchase the dates they wish to visit each park.",
"Three and Four day tickets allow park hopping on the third and fourth days, but again must be used consecutively.",
"Annual passes are available for either a single or both parks, though require a considerable number of visits to achieve a saving over regular day tickets.",
"A night pass is also available for a discounted price during the night hours only."
] | [
0
] |
Atzerodt fails to attack Andrew Johnson | What hotel did Atzerodt go to? | Assassination of Abraham Lincoln | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
5,
7
] | [
"Booth had assigned George Atzerodt to kill Vice President Andrew Johnson, who was staying at the Kirkwood House in Washington.",
"Atzerodt was to go to the Vice President's room at 10:15 p.m. and shoot him.",
"On April 14, Atzerodt rented room 126 at the Kirkwood, directly above the room where Johnson was staying.",
"He arrived at the Kirkwood at the appointed time and went to the bar downstairs, carrying on his person a gun and a knife.",
"Atzerodt asked the bartender, Michael Henry, about the Vice President's character and behavior.",
"After spending some time at the hotel saloon, Atzerodt got drunk and wandered away through the streets of Washington.",
"Nervous, he tossed his knife away in the street.",
"He made his way to the Pennsylvania House Hotel by 2 a.m., where he checked into a room and went to sleep.",
"Earlier that day, Booth stopped by the Kirkwood House and left a note for Johnson that read, \"I don't wish to disturb you.",
"Are you at home?",
"J. Wilkes Booth.\"",
"The card was picked up that night by Johnson's personal secretary, William Browning.",
"This message has been interpreted in many different ways throughout the years.",
"One theory is that Booth, being afraid that Atzerodt would not succeed in killing Johnson, or worried that Atzerodt would not have the courage to carry out the assassination, tried to use the message to implicate Johnson in the conspiracy.",
"Another theory is that Booth was actually trying to contact Browning in order to find out whether or not Johnson was expected to be at the Kirkwood that night."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | Which companies produced the movie Shrek? | Shrek | false | 6MOVIES
| [
0,
1,
15
] | [
"Shrek is a 2001 American computer-animated fantasy-comedy film produced by PDI/DreamWorks, released by DreamWorks Pictures, directed by Andrew Adamson and Vicky Jenson, featuring the voices of Mike Myers, Eddie Murphy, Cameron Diaz, and John Lithgow.",
"It is loosely based on William Steig's 1990 fairy tale picture book \"Shrek!",
"\", and somewhat serves as a parody film, targeting other films adapted from numerous children's fantasies (mainly animated Disney films).",
"The film made notable use of popular music; the soundtrack includes music by Smash Mouth, Eels, Joan Jett, The Proclaimers, Jason Wade, Baha Men, and John Cale (covering Leonard Cohen).",
"The rights to the books were originally bought by Steven Spielberg in 1991, before the founding of DreamWorks, when he thought about making a traditionally animated film based on the book.",
"However, John H. Williams convinced him to bring the film to DreamWorks in 1994, the time the studio was founded, and the film was put quickly into active development by Jeffrey Katzenberg after the rights were bought by the studio in 1995.",
"\"Shrek\" originally cast Chris Farley to do the voice for the title character, recording about 80%–90% of his dialog.",
"After Farley died in 1997 before he could finish, Mike Myers was brought in to work for the character, who after his first recording decided to record his voice in a Scottish accent.",
"The film was also originally planned to be motion-captured, but after poor results, the studio decided to get PDI to help \"Shrek\" get its final computer-animated look.",
"Earning $484.4 million at the worldwide box office, the film was a critical and commercial success.",
"\"Shrek\" also received promotion from food chains such as Baskin-Robbins (promoting the film's DVD release) and Burger King.",
"It was acclaimed as an animated film worthy of adult interest, with many adult-oriented jokes and themes but a simple enough plot and humour to appeal to children.",
"\"Shrek\" won the first ever Academy Award for Best Animated Feature and was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.",
"The film was also nominated for six British Academy of Film and Television Arts awards, including the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for Eddie Murphy for his voice-over performance as Donkey, and won the BAFTA Award for Best Adapted Screenplay.",
"The film's main (and title) character was awarded his own star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in May 2010.",
"\"Shrek\" established DreamWorks Animation as a prime competitor to Pixar in the field of feature film animation, particularly in computer animation.",
"The film's success prompted DreamWorks to create three sequels, \"Shrek 2\", \"Shrek the Third\", and \"Shrek Forever After\", two holiday specials, \"Shrek the Halls\" and \"Scared Shrekless\", and a spin-off film, \"Puss in Boots\".",
"A fifth film, planned as the last of the series, was cancelled in 2009 with the announcement that the fourth film would conclude the series.",
"The film's success also inspired other merchandise, such as video games, a stage musical and even a comic book by Dark Horse Comics."
] | [] |
Music video | How many views did the music video "Glad You Came" receive to become their most watched on YouTube? | Glad You Came | true | 0MUSIC
| [
6
] | [
"The music video was created by Director X and was filmed in Ibiza, Spain.",
"It sees the band on the beach, in a club and at a houseparty each with an individual woman.",
"It was uploaded to YouTube on 10 June 2011.",
"Jay McGuiness revealed to MTV UK: \"The theory of the video was take The Wanted to Ibiza and just film everything and then just cut bits that were useable.",
"But the girls were models, they weren't just girls we picked.\"",
"However Max George admitted: \"Actually no, the girl I had to spend time with was just literally picked up off the street after a night out.\"",
"The video has achieved over 74 million views on YouTube, becoming their most watched video on the site.",
"It also starred a cameo from footballer John-Joe O'Toole."
] | [
5
] |
Events on the ground_1 | Give the percentage of the Mitsubishi Arms Plant that was damage. | Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
11
] | [
"Events on the ground.",
"Although the bomb was more powerful than the one used on Hiroshima, the effect was confined by hillsides to the narrow Urakami Valley.",
"Of 7,500 Japanese employees who worked inside the Mitsubishi Munitions plant, including mobilized students and regular workers, 6,200 were killed.",
"Some 17,000–22,000 others who worked in other war plants and factories in the city died as well.",
"Casualty estimates for immediate deaths range from 40,000 to 75,000.",
"Total deaths by the end of 1945 may have reached 80,000.",
"Unlike Hiroshima's military death toll, only 150 soldiers were killed instantly, including thirty-six from the IJA 134th AAA Regiment of the 4th AAA Division.",
"At least eight known POWs died from the bombing and as many as 13 may have died, including a British citizen, Royal Air Force Corporal Ronald Shaw, and seven Dutch POWs.",
"One American POW, Joe Kieyoomia, was in Nagasaki at the time of the bombing but survived, reportedly having been shielded from the effects of the bomb by the concrete walls of his cell.",
"There were 24 Australian POWs in Nagasaki, all of whom survived.",
"The radius of total destruction was about , followed by fires across the northern portion of the city to south of the bomb.",
"About 58% of the Mitsubishi Arms Plant was damaged, and about 78% of the Mitsubishi Steel Works.",
"The Mitsubishi Electric Works only suffered 10% structural damage as it was on the border of the main destruction zone.",
"The Mitsubishi-Urakami Ordnance Works, the factory that manufactured the type 91 torpedoes released in the attack on Pearl Harbor, was destroyed in the blast."
] | [] |
Cloning unicellular organisms | What type of organisms are simple to clone? | Cloning | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
3,
4
] | [
"Cell cloning.",
"Cloning unicellular organisms.",
"Cloning a cell means to derive a population of cells from a single cell.",
"In the case of unicellular organisms such as bacteria and yeast, this process is remarkably simple and essentially only requires the inoculation of the appropriate medium.",
"However, in the case of cell cultures from multi-cellular organisms, cell cloning is an arduous task as these cells will not readily grow in standard media.",
"A useful tissue culture technique used to clone distinct lineages of cell lines involves the use of cloning rings (cylinders).",
"According to this technique, a single-cell suspension of cells that have been exposed to a mutagenic agent or drug used to drive selection is plated at high dilution to create isolated colonies; each arising from a single and potentially clonal distinct cell.",
"At an early growth stage when colonies consist of only a few of cells, sterile polystyrene rings (cloning rings), which have been dipped in grease are placed over an individual colony and a small amount of trypsin is added.",
"Cloned cells are collected from inside the ring and transferred to a new vessel for further growth."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | What is the synopsis of Toy Story? | Toy Story | true | 6MOVIES
| [
1
] | [
"Toy Story is a 1995 American computer-animated buddy-comedy adventure film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and directed by John Lasseter, released by Walt Disney Pictures, \"Toy Story\" was the first feature-length computer-animated film and the first film produced by Pixar.",
"\"Toy Story\" follows a group of anthropomorphic toys who pretend to be lifeless whenever humans are present, and focuses on the relationship between Woody, a pullstring cowboy doll (Tom Hanks), and Buzz Lightyear, an astronaut action figure (Tim Allen).",
"The film was written by John Lasseter, Andrew Stanton, Joel Cohen, Alec Sokolow, and Joss Whedon, and featured music by Randy Newman.",
"Its executive producers were Steve Jobs and Edwin Catmull.",
"Pixar, which produced short animated films to promote their computers, was approached by Disney to produce a computer-animated feature after the success of the short \"Tin Toy\" (1988), which is told from a small toy's perspective.",
"Lasseter, Stanton, and Pete Docter wrote early story treatments which were thrown out by Disney, who pushed for a more edgy film.",
"After disastrous story reels, production was halted and the script was re-written, better reflecting the tone and theme Pixar desired: that \"toys deeply want children to play with them, and that this desire drives their hopes, fears, and actions.\"",
"The studio, then consisting of a relatively small number of employees, produced the film under minor financial constraints.",
"The top-grossing film on its opening weekend, \"Toy Story\" went on to earn over $361 million worldwide.",
"Reviews were entirely positive, praising both the animation's technical innovation and the screenplay's wit and sophistication, and it is now widely considered by many critics to be one of the best animated films ever made.",
"In addition to home media releases and theatrical re-releases, \"Toy Story\"-inspired material has run the gamut from toys, video games, theme park attractions, spin-offs, merchandise, and two sequels—\"Toy Story 2\" (1999) and \"Toy Story 3\" (2010)—both of which received massive commercial success and critical acclaim.",
"\"Toy Story\" was inducted into the National Film Registry as being \"culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant\" in 2005, its first year of eligibility."
] | [
0
] |
Atom | What is the basic unit of chemistry? | Chemistry | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"The atom is the basic unit of chemistry.",
"It consists of a dense core called the atomic nucleus surrounded by a space called the electron cloud.",
"The nucleus is made up of positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons (together called nucleons), while the electron cloud consists of negatively-charged electrons which orbit the nucleus.",
"In a neutral atom, the negatively-charged electrons balance out the positive charge of the protons.",
"The nucleus is dense; the mass of a nucleon is 1,836 times that of an electron, yet the radius of an atom is about 10,000 times that of its nucleus.",
"The atom is also the smallest entity that can be envisaged to retain the chemical properties of the element, such as electronegativity, ionization potential, preferred oxidation state(s), coordination number, and preferred types of bonds to form (e.g., metallic, ionic, covalent)."
] | [
0
] |
Safety | What kinds of foods should fruits and vegetables be kept separate from? | Fruit | false | 9FOOD
| [
6
] | [
"For food safety, the CDC recommends proper fruit handling and preparation to reduce the risk of food contamination and foodborne illness.",
"Fresh fruits and vegetables should be carefully selected.",
"At the store, they should not be damaged or bruised and pre-cut pieces should be refrigerated or surrounded by ice.",
"All fruits and vegetables should be rinsed before eating.",
"This recommendation also applies to produce with rinds or skins that are not eaten.",
"It should be done just before preparing or eating to avoid premature spoilage.",
"Fruits and vegetables should be kept separate from raw foods like meat, poultry, and seafood, as well as utensils that have come in contact with raw foods.",
"Fruits and vegetables, if they are not going to be cooked, should be thrown away if they have touched raw meat, poultry, seafood or eggs.",
"All cut, peeled, or cooked fruits and vegetables should be refrigerated within two hours.",
"After a certain time, harmful bacteria may grow on them and increase the risk of foodborne illness."
] | [
0
] |
Abstract | Give the definition of Seafood. | Seafood | false | 9FOOD
| [
0
] | [
"Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans.",
"Seafood prominently includes fish and shellfish.",
"Shellfish include various species of molluscs, crustaceans, and echinoderms.",
"Historically, sea mammals such as whales and dolphins have been consumed as food, though that happens to a lesser extent these days.",
"Edible sea plants, such as some seaweeds and microalgae, are widely eaten as seafood around the world, especially in Asia (see the category of sea vegetables).",
"In North America, although not generally in the United Kingdom, the term \"seafood\" is extended to fresh water organisms eaten by humans, so all edible aquatic life may be referred to as seafood.",
"For the sake of completeness, this article includes all edible aquatic life.",
"The harvesting of wild seafood is known as fishing and the cultivation and farming of seafood is known as aquaculture, mariculture, or in the case of fish, fish farming.",
"Seafood is often distinguished from meat, although it is still animal and is excluded in a strict vegetarian diet.",
"Seafood is an important source of protein in many diets around the world, especially in coastal areas.",
"Most of the seafood harvest is consumed by humans, but a significant proportion is used as fish food to farm other fish or rear farm animal.",
"Some seafoods (kelp) are used as food for other plants (fertilizer).",
"In these ways, seafoods are indirectly used to produce further food for human consumption.",
"Products, such as fish oil and spirulina tablets are also extracted from seafoods.",
"Some seafood is feed to aquarium fish, or used to feed domestic pets, such as cats, and a small proportion is used in medicine, or is used industrially for non-food purposes (leather)."
] | [] |
Etymology | Were the coins stored in Ornate boxes? | Marzipan | false | 9FOOD
| [
10
] | [
"The German name has largely ousted the original English name \"marchpane\" with the same apparent derivation: \"March bread.\"",
"(The word \"marchpane\" occurs in Shakespeare's \"Romeo and Juliet\", Act 1, Scene 5, Line 9.)",
"\"Marzapane\" is documented earlier in Italian than in any other language, and the sense \"bread\" for \"pan\" is Romance.",
"The origin could be from the Latin term \"martius panis\", which means \"bread of March\".",
"However, the ultimate etymology is unclear; for example, the Italian word derives from the Latin words \"Massa\" (itself from Greek Μάζα \"Maza\") meaning pastry and \"Pan\" meaning bread, this can be particularly seen in the Provençal \"massapan\", the Portuguese \"maçapão\" (where 'ç' is an alternative form for the phoneme 'ss') and old Spanish \"mazapán\" - the change from 'ss' to 'z' in Latin words was common in old Spanish and the 'r' appeared later.",
"Though, it could also be derived from martis pan, bread of March.",
"Among the other possible etymologies set forth in the Oxford English Dictionary, one theory proposes that the word \"marzipan\" may be a corruption of Martaban, a Burmese city famous for its jars.",
"The Real Academia Española suggests the idea of the Spanish word mazapán to be derived from the Hispanic Arabic بسمة pičmáṭ, which is derived from the Greek παξαμάδιον.",
"Another source could be from Arabic موثابان \"mawthābān\" \"king who sits still.\"",
"The Arabic, Latinized as \"matapanus\", was used to describe a Venetian coin depicting an enthroned Christ the King.",
"These coins were stored in ornate boxes.",
"From about the fifteenth century, when the coins were no longer in circulation, the boxes became decorative containers for storing and serving luxury sweetmeats.",
"One such luxury that crept into the box in the sixteenth century is the now-famous almond-flavored marzipan, named (at least proximately) after the box in which it was stored.",
"However, if marzipan has its origin in Persia, it is not unlikely that the name may come from Marzban (in Persian: مرزبان, derived from the words Marz مرز meaning \"border\" or \"boundary\" and the suffix -bān بان meaning guardian), a class of margraves or military commanders in charge of border provinces of the Sassanid Empire of Persia (Iran) between 3rd and 7th centuries CE.",
"It is also a possibility that the origin of this dessert and the origin of the term come from different geographical places."
] | [] |
Accolades | Who received the only Academy Award nomination for Batman Begins? | Batman Begins | false | 6MOVIES
| [
0
] | [
"Wally Pfister was nominated for Best Cinematography at the 78th Academy Awards, receiving the film's only Academy Award nomination.",
"The film received three nominations at the 59th British Academy Film Awards.",
"Just months after its release, \"Batman Begins\" was voted by \"Empire\" readers as the 36th greatest film of all time.",
"In 2006, the American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers honored James Newton Howard, Hans Zimmer, and Ramin Djawadi with an ASCAP award for composing a film that became one of the top grossing films of 2005.",
"The film was awarded three Saturn Awards in 2006 as well: Best Fantasy Film, Best Actor for Christian Bale, and Best Writing for Nolan and Goyer.",
"Christian Bale would go on to win an MTV Movie Award for Best Hero.",
"However, Katie Holmes's performance was not well received, and she was nominated for a Razzie Award for Worst Supporting Actress.",
"\"Batman Begins\" won the fan-based \"Total Film\" award for Best Film.",
"In November 2008, \"Empire\" ranked \"Batman Begins\" 81 in its 500 Greatest Movies of All Time list."
] | [
3
] |
Critical response | For his roles, what are some of the awards Leto has won? | Dallas Buyers Club | true | 6MOVIES
| [
7
] | [
"Upon its premiere at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival, \"Dallas Buyers Club\" received universal acclaim by critics and audiences, who greatly praised the film for its acting (particularly for McConaughey and Leto), screenplay and direction.",
"Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 93% based on reviews from 177 critics, with an average score of 7.7 out of 10, with the site's consensus stating, \"\"Dallas Buyers Club\" rests squarely on Matthew McConaughey's scrawny shoulders, and he carries the burden gracefully with what might be a career-best performance.\"",
"On Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 reviews from film critics, the film has a rating score of 84 based on 45 reviews, indicating universal acclaim.",
"Richard Corliss of \"Time\" magazine considered McConaughey's portrayal to be a \"bold, drastic and utterly persuasive inhabiting of a doomed fighter\", remarking that \"if the camera occasionally suffers a fashionable case of the jitters, the movie transcends its agitated verismo to impart dramatic and behavioral truth\".",
"Leto's portrayal of Rayon, a drug-addicted trans woman with AIDS who befriends McConaughey's character Ron Woodroof, received critical acclaim.",
"The writers created Rayon, to show \"Woodroof’s gradual acceptance of a subculture he had dismissed.\"",
"\"Time\"'s Richard Corliss noted, \"Leto captures the sweet intensity and almost saintly good humor of a glamorous, poignant and downright divoon creature — a blithe Camille who may surrender her health but never her panache.\"",
"Leto was awarded a Golden Globe, a Screen Actors Guild Award and a variety of film critics' circle awards, including his first Academy Award.",
"After the Academy award, the casting of a non-transgender actor, as opposed to a transgender actor, was widely critiqued as a missed opportunity, with some LGBT activists criticizing the choice as misogynistic.",
"The \"L.A. Times\" compared the issue to white actors appropriating, and exploiting, people of color roles of East Asians, and Africans in the past; and \"The Guardian\" noted transgender actors are often relegated to roles such as prostitutes, corpses and \"freaks.\""
] | [
0
] |
Democratization (1999-) | For how long was Nigeria ruled by military control? | Nigeria | true | 5COUNTRY
| [
1
] | [
"Democratization (1999-).",
"Nigeria regained democracy in 1999 when it elected Olusegun Obasanjo, the former military head of state, as the new President of Nigeria ending almost 33 years of military rule (from 1966 until 1999) excluding the short-lived second republic (between 1979 and 1983) by military dictators who seized power in coups d'état and counter-coups during the Nigerian military juntas of 1966–1979 and 1983–1998.",
"Although the elections which brought Obasanjo to power in 1999 and again in 2003 were condemned as unfree and unfair, Nigeria has shown marked improvements in attempts to tackle government corruption and to hasten development.",
"Ethnic violence over the oil producing Niger Delta region and inadequate infrastructures are some of the issues in the country.",
"Umaru Yar'Adua of the People's Democratic Party (PDP) came into power in the general election of 2007 – an election that was witnessed and condemned by the international community as being severely flawed.",
"Yar'Adua died on 5 May 2010.",
"Dr. Goodluck Jonathan was sworn in as Yar'Adua's replacement on 6 May 2010, becoming Nigeria's 14th Head of State, while his vice, a former Kaduna State governor, Namadi Sambo, an architect, was chosen on 18 May 2010, by the National Assembly following President Goodluck Jonathan's nomination for Sambo to be his Vice-President.",
"Goodluck Jonathan served as Nigeria's president till 16 April 2011, when a new presidential election in Nigeria was conducted.",
"Goodluck Jonathan of the PDP was declared the winner on 19 April 2011, having won the election by a total of 22,495,187 of the 39,469,484 votes cast to stand ahead of Muhammadu Buhari from the main opposition party, the Congress for Progressive Change (CPC), which won 12,214,853 of the total votes cast.",
"The international media reported the elections as having run smoothly with relatively little violence or voter fraud in contrast to previous elections."
] | [
5
] |
Release | What was the 2nd single from How to Save a Life? | How to Save a Life | false | 0MUSIC
| [
2
] | [
"The album was released on September 13, 2005 by Epic Records.",
"While the album did not make a splash commercially or critically initially, the success of \"Over My Head (Cable Car)\" propelled the album from the Top Heatseekers chart to the top 20 of The \"Billboard\" 200 chart.",
"The release of the second single, \"How to Save a Life\", a world-wide smash, helped the album enter the top 5 in several charts across the world, and brought The Fray mainstream popularity.",
"The song remains the band's best known and most successful song to date."
] | [
0,
5
] |
Planning direct action | When did Apis and his fellow military conspirators dominate the Black hand. | Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand of Austria | true | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
7
] | [
"Planning direct action.",
"Danilo Ilić was a Bosnian Orthodox Serb.",
"He had worked as a school teacher and as a bank worker but in 1913 and 1914 he lived with, and outwardly off, his mother, who operated a small boarding house in Sarajevo.",
"Secretly, Ilić was leader of the Serbian-irredentist Black Hand cell in Sarajevo.",
"In late 1913, Danilo Ilić came to the Serbian listening post at Užice to speak to the officer in charge, Serbian Colonel C. A. Popović, who was a captain at the time and a member of the Black Hand.",
"Ilić recommended an end to the period of revolutionary organization building and a move to direct action against Austria-Hungary.",
"Popović passed Danilo Ilić on to Belgrade to discuss this matter with Chief of Serbian Military Intelligence Colonel Dragutin Dimitrijević, known more commonly as Apis.",
"By 1913, Apis and his fellow military conspirators (drawn heavily from the ranks of the May 1903 coup) had come to dominate what was left of the Black Hand.",
"There are no reports as to what took place between Ilić and Apis, but soon after their meeting, Apis's righthand man and fellow Black Hander, Serbian Major Vojislav Tankosić, who by this time was in charge of guerrilla training, called a Serbian irredentist planning meeting in Toulouse, France.",
"Amongst those summoned to the Toulouse meeting was Muhamed Mehmedbašić, a carpenter by trade and son of an impoverished Muslim noble from Herzegovina.",
"He too was a member of the Black Hand, having been sworn into the organization by Black Hand Provincial Director for Bosnia-Herzegovina Vladimir Gacinović and Danilo Ilić.",
"Mehmedbašić was (here quoting Albertini paraphrasing Mehmedbašić) \"eager to carry out an act of terrorism to revive the revolutionary spirit of Bosnia.\"",
"During this January 1914 meeting, various possible Austro-Hungarian targets for assassination were discussed, including Franz Ferdinand.",
"However, the participants decided only to dispatch Mehmed Mehmedbašić to Sarajevo, to kill the Governor of Bosnia, Oskar Potiorek.",
"On his way to Bosnia-Herzegovina from France, police searched Mehmedbašić's train for a thief.",
"Thinking the police might be after him, he threw his weapons (a dagger and a bottle of poison) out the train window.",
"Once he arrived in Bosnia-Herzegovina he had to set about looking for replacement weapons."
] | [
2
] |
Ski jumping equipment | Are bindings mounted parallel or perpendicular to run-direction? | Nordic combined | false | 4SPORT
| [
1
] | [
" Bindings",
" The binding must be mounted parallel to the run-direction.",
"The binding must be placed in such a way that a maximum 57% of the entire ski length is used as the front part.",
" Boots",
" High-backed, flexible yet firm boots with a low cut at the front.",
"They are designed to allow the skier to lean forward during flight.",
" Connection cord",
" Part of the binding; a cord that attaches the ski to the boot and prevents the wobbling of skis during flight.",
" Ski jumping suit",
" All portions of the ski jumping suit must be made of the same material and must show a certain air permeability.",
"The size of the suit must conform to the body shape in an upright position with certain tolerances.",
" Jumping skis",
" Jumping skis are manufactured especially for use on ski jumping hills.",
"Skis with a length of a maximum 146% of the total body height of the competitor may be used.",
"The curvature and shape of the skis is restricted by certain geometric features."
] | [] |
Thermodynamic fluctuations and statistical physics | When did Albert Einstein submit his first paper? | Albert Einstein | false | 8SCIENCE
| [
0
] | [
"Albert Einstein's first paper submitted in 1900 to \"Annalen der Physik\" was on capillary attraction.",
"It was published in 1901 with the title \"Folgerungen aus den Capillaritätserscheinungen\", which translates as \"Conclusions from the capillarity phenomena\".",
"Two papers he published in 1902–1903 (thermodynamics) attempted to interpret atomic phenomena from a statistical point of view.",
"These papers were the foundation for the 1905 paper on Brownian motion, which showed that Brownian movement can be construed as firm evidence that molecules exist.",
"His research in 1903 and 1904 was mainly concerned with the effect of finite atomic size on diffusion phenomena."
] | [
2
] |
Vietnamese women | WAFC is short for what? | Vietnam War | false | 7HISTORICAL EVENTS
| [
4
] | [
"Unlike the American women who went to Vietnam, North Vietnamese women were enlisted and fought in the combat zone as well as provided manual labor to keep the Ho Chi Minh trail open, cook for the troops, and some served as \"comfort women\" for male communist fighters.",
"They also worked in the rice fields in North Vietnam and Viet Cong-held farming areas in South Vietnam's Mekong Delta region to provide food for their families and the war effort.",
"Women were enlisted in both the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) and the Viet Cong guerrilla insurgent force in South Vietnam.",
"Some women also served for the North Vietnamese and Viet Cong intelligence services.",
"In South Vietnam, many women voluntarily serve in the ARVN's Women's Armed Force Corps (WAFC) and various other Women's corps in the military.",
"Some, like in the WAFC, fought in combat with other soldiers.",
"Others have served as nurses and doctors in the battlefield and in military hospitals, or served in South Vietnam or America's intelligence agencies.",
"During Diệm's presidency, Madame Nhu was the commander of the WAFC."
] | [
0
] |
Humor | Who oftes repeats "Freakin' sweet" on the "Family Guy" series? | Family Guy | false | 1TV
| [
10
] | [
"",
"\"Family Guy\" uses the filmmaking technique of cutaways, which occur in the majority of \"Family Guy\" episodes.",
"Emphasis is often placed on gags which make reference to current events and/or modern cultural icons.",
"Early episodes based much of their comedy on Stewie's \"super villain\" antics, such as his constant plans for total world domination, his evil experiments, plans and inventions to get rid of things he dislikes, and his constant attempts at matricide.",
"As the series progressed, the writers and MacFarlane agreed that his personality and the jokes were starting to feel dated, so they began writing him with a different personality.",
"\"Family Guy\" often includes self-referential humor.",
"The most common form is jokes about Fox Broadcasting, and occasions where the characters break the fourth wall by addressing the audience.",
"For example, in \"North by North Quahog\", the first episode that aired after the show's revival, included Peter telling the family that they had been cancelled because Fox had to make room in their schedule for shows like \"Dark Angel\", \"Titus\", \"Undeclared\", \"Action\", \"That '80s Show\", \"Wonderfalls\", \"Fastlane\", \"Andy Richter Controls the Universe\", \"Skin\", \"Girls Club\", \"Cracking Up\", \"The Pitts\", \"Firefly\", \"Get Real\", \"Freakylinks\", \"Wanda at Large\", \"Costello\", \"The Lone Gunmen\", \"A Minute with Stan Hooper\", \"Normal, Ohio\", \"Pasadena\", \"Harsh Realm\", \"Keen Eddie\", \"The $treet\", \"The American Embassy\", \"Cedric the Entertainer Presents\", \"The Tick\", \"Luis\", and \"Greg the Bunny\".",
"Lois asks whether there is any hope, to which Peter replies that if all these shows are canceled they might have a chance; the shows were indeed canceled during \"Family Guy\"s hiatus.",
"The show uses catchphrases, and most of the primary and secondary characters have them.",
"Notable expressions include Quagmire's \"Giggity giggity goo\", Peter's \"Freakin' sweet\", and Joe's \"Bring it on!\"",
"The use of many of these catchphrases declined in later seasons.",
"The episode \"Big Man on Hippocampus\" mocks catchphrase-based humor: when Peter, who has forgotten everything about his life, is introduced to Meg, he exclaims \"D'oh!",
"\", to which Lois replies, \"No, Peter, that's not your catchphrase.\""
] | [
3
] |
Abstract | Legal scholars say the term reflects what? | Person of interest | true | 1TV
| [
6
] | [
"\"Person of interest\" is a term used by U.S. law enforcement when identifying someone involved in a criminal investigation who has not been arrested or formally accused of a crime.",
"It has no legal meaning, but refers to someone in whom the police are \"interested\", either because the person is cooperating with the investigation, may have information that would assist the investigation, or possesses certain characteristics that merit further attention.",
"While terms such as \"suspect\", \"target\", and \"material witness\" have clear and sometimes formal definitions, \"person of interest\" remains undefined by the U.S. Department of Justice.",
"\"Unsub\" is a similar term which is short for \"unknown subject\" (used often, for example, in the TV show \"Criminal Minds\").",
"Person of interest is sometimes used as a euphemism for \"suspect\", and its careless use may encourage trials by media.",
"With respect to terrorism investigations, Eric Lichtblau wrote in the \"New York Times\": \"Law enforcement officials say that the term simply reflects the new tactics required to fight terrorism.",
"But some legal scholars say officials are trying to create a more benign public image, even as their power expands.\""
] | [
0
] |
Female | Which female athlete came in 19th place for Ski jumping? | Ski jumping | true | 4SPORT
| [
18
] | [
" Sarah Hendrickson",
" Sara Takanashi",
" Anette Sagen",
" Eva Ganster",
" Lindsey Van",
" Jessica Jerome",
" Daniela Iraschko",
" Elena Runggaldier",
" Evelyn Insam",
" Lisa Demetz",
" Coline Mattel",
" Anna Hafele",
" Magdalena Schnurr",
" Ulrike Grässler",
" Line Jahr",
" Jacqueline Seifriedsberger",
" Juliane Seyfarth",
" Eva Logar",
" Maja Vtič",
" Anja Tepeš",
" Špela Rogelj",
" Katja Požun",
" Urša Bogataj"
] | [] |
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