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<head>
<title>Ice on the Moon</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1 align=center>Ice on the Moon</h1>
<h2 align=center>A Summary of Clementine and Lunar Prospector Results</h2>
<hr>
<p>
<b>Update</b> The impact plumes of the
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2009-031B">Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite</a>
(LCROSS) and its Centaur
rocket stage in Cabeus crater near the south pole of the Moon on 9 October 2009 showed the
spectral signature of hydroxyl, a key indicator that water ice is present in the floor of the
crater (1). Analysis of the results indicates concentrations of roughly 6% water in the impact area,
including nearly pure ice crystals in some spots. The Indian
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2008-052A">Chandrayaan-1</a>
Moon Mineralogy Mapper
experiment showed low-concentration hydroxyl signatures over much of the lunar surface, not just
in permanently shadowed craters (2), and the Mini-SAR experiment indicated possible large deposits of
water-ice in the northern lunar craters (3).
<p>
The discussion below is historical, based primarily on results from the Clementine and Lunar
Prospector missions, our view of water on the Moon is changing continuously with results from the
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2009-031A">Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter</a>
and analyses of lunar samples on Earth.
<p>
<hr>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/hires/clm_usgs_17.gif">
<img alt="[Image of Moon's south pole]"
src="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/banner/moon_south_pole.gif"
hspace=15 align="right"></a><p>
<p>
On 5 March 1998 it was announced that data returned by the
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1998-001A"> Lunar Prospector</a>
spacecraft indicated that water ice might be present at both the north and south lunar poles,
in agreement with interpretations of
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A"> Clementine</a>
results for the south pole reported in November 1996.
The ice originally appeared to be mixed in with the lunar regolith
(surface rocks, soil, and dust) at low concentrations conservatively estimated at 0.3
to 1 percent. Subsequent data from Lunar Prospector taken over a longer period has
indicated the possible presence of discrete, confined, near-pure water ice deposits
buried beneath as much as 18 inches (40 centimeters) of dry regolith, with the water
signature being stronger at the Moon's north pole than at the south (4).
The ice was thought to be spread over 10,000 to 50,000 square km (3,600 to 18,000
square miles) of area near the north pole and 5,000 to 20,000 square km (1,800 to
7,200 square miles) around the south pole, but the latest results show the water
may be more concentrated in localized areas (roughly 1850 square km, or 650 square
miles, at each pole) rather than being spread out over these large regions. The
estimated total mass of ice is 6 trillion kg (6.6 billion tons).
Uncertainties in the models mean this estimate could be off considerably.
<br clear=right>
<p> <!-- D R.W - N.S S D.C -->
<h2>How was the ice originally detected?</h2>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/lunarprosp.gif">
<img alt="[Drawing of Lunar Prospector]"
src="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/thumbnail/spacecraft/lunarprosp.gif"
hspace=15 align="left"></a><p>
The Lunar Prospector, a NASA Discovery mission, was launched into lunar orbit in
January 1998. Included on Lunar Prospector is an experiment called the
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1998-001A-02"> Neutron Spectrometer.</a>
This experiment is designed to detect minute amounts of water ice at a level of
less than 0.01%. The instrument concentrated on areas near the lunar poles
where it was thought these water ice deposits might be found. The Neutron
Spectrometer looks for so-called "slow" (or thermal) and "intermediate"
(or epithermal) neutrons which result from collisions of normal "fast" neutrons
with hydrogen atoms. A significant amount of hydrogen
would indicate the existence of water. The data
show a distinctive 4.6 percent signature over the north polar region and
a 3.0 percent signature over the south, a strong indication that water is
present in both these areas. The instrument can detect water to a depth of
about half a meter.
<br clear=left>
<p> <!-- D R.W - N.S S D.C -->
<h2>How can ice survive on the Moon?</h2>
The Moon has no atmosphere, any substance on the lunar surface is exposed
directly to vacuum. For water ice, this means it will rapidly sublime
directly into water vapor and escape into space, as the Moon's low gravity
cannot hold gas for any appreciable time. Over the course of a lunar day
(~29 Earth days), all regions of the Moon are exposed to sunlight, and
the temperature on the Moon in direct sunlight reaches about 395 K
(395 Kelvin, which is equal to about 250 degrees above zero F).
So any ice exposed to sunlight for even a
short time would be lost. The only possible way for ice to exist on the
Moon would be in a permanently shadowed area.
<p>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/image/aitken.gif">
<img alt="[Topography of South Pole - Aitken Basin]"
src="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/thumbnail/aitken.gif"
hspace=15 align="left"></a><p>
The Clementine imaging experiment showed that such permanently shadowed
areas do exist in the bottom of deep craters near the Moon's south pole.
In fact, it appears that approximately 6000 to 15,000 square kilometers
(2300 to 5800 square miles) of area around the south pole is permanently
shadowed. The permanently shadowed area near the north pole appears on
Clementine images to be considerably less, but the Lunar Prospector results
show a much larger water-bearing area at the north pole. Much of the area
around the south pole is within the South Pole-Aitken Basin (shown at left
in blue on a lunar topography image), a giant impact crater 2500 km
(1550 miles) in diameter and 12 km deep at its lowest point.
Many smaller craters exist on the floor of this basin. Since they are
down in this basin, the floors of many of these
craters are never exposed to sunlight. Within these craters the
temperatures would never rise above about 100 K
(280 degrees below zero F) (5). Any water ice at the bottom of the crater
could probably exist for billions of years at these temperatures.
<br clear=left>
<p>
<p>
<h2>Where did the ice come from?</h2>
The Moon's surface is continuously bombarded by meteorites and micrometeorites.
Many, if not most, of these impactors contain water ice, and the lunar craters
show that many of these were very large objects. Any ice which survived impact
would be scattered over the lunar surface. Most would be quickly vaporized by
sunlight and lost to space, but some would end up inside the permanently shadowed
craters, either by directly entering the crater or migrating over the surface as
randomly moving individual molecules which would reach the craters and freeze there.
Once inside the crater, the ice would be relatively stable, so over time the ice
would collect in these "cold traps", and be buried to some extent by meteoritic
gardening. Such a possibility was suggested as early as 1961 (6). However, loss
of ice due to photodissociation, solar wind sputtering, and micrometeoroid
gardening is not well quantified (7).
<p>
<h2>Is there any other evidence for ice?</h2>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/clementine_sc.gif">
<img alt="[Image of Clementine Spacecraft]"
src="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/banner/clementine_sc.gif"
hspace=15 align="right"></a><p>
In a Science magazine article (8) on 29 November 1996, it was announced that
interpretation of data from a
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A"> Clementine</a>
spacecraft experiment suggested the possibility of ice on the surface of the
Moon. The ice was believed to be in the bottom of a permanently shadowed crater
near the Moon's south pole (at the center of the Clementine mosaic shown at
the top of the page). It was also thought likely that other frozen volatiles, such as methane,
were in the deposit. The deposit was estimated to be approximately 60,000 to
120,000 cubic meters in volume. This would be comparable to a small lake in size,
four football fields in surface area and 16 feet deep. This estimate was very
uncertain, however, due to the nature of the data.
<p>
One of the problems in studying a permanently shadowed area is that no pictures
can be obtained. The Clementine spacecraft searched for the ice using an
investigation known as the
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1994-004A-09"> Bistatic Radar Experiment.</a>
Basically, this experiment consisted of
having the Clementine spacecraft transmit an S-band radio signal through its high
gain antenna towards a lunar target. The signals reflected off the Moon and
were received by a 70 meter Deep Space Network (DSN) antenna on the Earth.
Frozen volatiles such as water ice are much more reflective to S-band radio waves
than lunar rocks. Radio waves also have different characteristics when reflected
off ice than off silicate rock. An analysis of the signals returned from orbit
234 showed reflection characteristics suggestive of water ice for the
permanently shadowed areas near the south pole. Reflections from regions
which are not permanently shadowed do not show these characteristics. It is
possible that other scattering mechanisms could be responsible for this result,
but the interpretation of the radio returns and the fact that they are associated
only with the permanently shadowed regions seem to indicate that water ice is the
most likely possibility. However, Arecibo radio telescope studies using the same
radio frequency as Clementine showed similar reflection patterns from areas
which are not permanently shadowed. These reflections have been interpreted as
being due to rough surfaces, and it was suggested that the Clementine results may
have been due to roughness, rather than water ice, as well.
<br clear=right>
<p>
<b>Bistatic Radar Experiment Parameters</b><br>
9-10 April 1994
<br>
<b>Transmission:</b> S-Band 2.273 GHz (13.19 cm wavelength)<br>
<b>Polarization:</b> Right Circular (RCP)<br>
<b>Signal Power:</b> 6 Watts<br>
<b>Axial Tilt:</b> 4.5 to 5.5 degrees (Moon to Earth)<br>
<b>Orbits Used:</b> 234 and 235<br>
<p>
<h2>Why is ice on the Moon important?</h2>
The ice could represent relatively pristine cometary or asteroid material
which has existed on the Moon for millions or billions of years. A robotic
sample return mission could bring ice back to Earth for study, perhaps
followed by a human mission for more detailed sampling. The simple fact
that the ice is there will help scientists constrain models of impacts on
the lunar surface and the effects of meteorite gardening, photodissociation,
and solar wind sputtering on the Moon.
Beyond the scientifically intriguing aspects, deposits of ice on the Moon
would have many practical aspects for future manned lunar exploration.
There is no other source of water on the Moon, and shipping water to the Moon
for use by humans would be extremely expensive ($2,000 to $20,000 per kg).
The lunar water could also serve as a source of oxygen, another vital
material not readily found on the Moon, and hydrogen, which could be used as
rocket fuel. Paul Spudis, one of the scientists who took part in the
Clementine study, referred to the lunar ice deposit as possibly "the most
valuable piece of real estate in the solar system".
It appears that in addition to the permanently shadowed areas there are some
higher areas such as crater rims which are permanently exposed to sunlight
and could serve as a source of power for future missions.
<p>
<hr>
<h3>References</h3>
1) Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume, Colaprete et al., Science v. 330, p. 463, 2010<br>
2) Character and spatial distribution of OH/H2O on the surface of the Moon
seen by M3 on Chandrayaan-1, Pieters et al., Science v. 326, p. 568, 2009.<br>
3) Initial results for the north pole of the Moon from Mini-SAR, Chandrayaan-1 mission,
Spudis et al. Geophys. Res. Lett., v. 37, L06204, 2010.<br>
4) Fluxes of fast and epithermal neutrons from Lunar Prospector:
Evidence for water ice at the lunar poles, Feldman et al.,
Science, v. 281, p. 1496, 1998<br>
5) Stability of polar frosts in spherical bowl-shaped craters on the Moon,
Mercury, and Mars, Ingersoll et al., Icarus, v. 100, p. 40, 1992<br>
6) The behavior of volatiles on the lunar surface, Watson et al.,
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 66, p. 3033, 1961<br>
7) Ice in the lunar polar regions, Arnold,
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 84, p. 5659, 1979<br>
8) The Clementine bistatic radar experiment, Nozette et al.,
Science, v. 274, p. 1495, 1996<br>
<p>
<hr>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_19991013.txt">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> NASA Press Release (13 October 1999)</a>
- on results of Lunar Prospector crash impact on the Moon<br>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_19980903.txt">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> NASA Press Release (3 September 1998)</a>
- announcing enhanced estimate of quantity of water on the Moon<br>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_980305.txt">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> NASA Press Release (5 March 1998)</a>
- announcing the detection of ice on the Moon<br>
<a href="http://www.news.cornell.edu/releases/June99/moon.poles.deb.html">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/blu_bullet_half.gif"> Cornell Press Release (3 June 1999)</a>
- radar provides 3-D views of lunar poles<br>
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1998-001A">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> Lunar Prospector</a><br>
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1998-001A-02">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/blk_bullet_half.gif"> Neutron Spectrometer Experiment</a><br>
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> Clementine</a><br>
<a href="https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1994-004A-09">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/blk_bullet_half.gif"> Clementine Bistatic Radar Experiment</a><br>
<p>
<a href="http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Dec96/IceonMoon.html">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/blu_bullet_half.gif"> Ice on the Bone Dry Moon</a> - Paul Spudis<br>
</p>
<a href="http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/moonpage.html">
<img alt=" " src="/bullet/red_bullet_half.gif"> Moon Home Page</a><br>
<hr>
<img vspace=5 align=left alt="NASA" src="/logo/nasa_logo.gif">
<address>
Author/Curator:<br>
Dr. David R. Williams, <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a><br>
NSSDCA, Mail Code 690.1<br>
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center<br>
Greenbelt, MD 20771<br>
+1-301-286-1258<br>
</address>
<br clear=left>
<hr>
<h6>NASA Official: Dave Williams, [email protected]<br>
Last Updated: 31 January 2022, DRW</h6>
</body>
</html>
| Ice on the Moon # Ice on the Moon
## A Summary of Clementine and Lunar Prospector Results
---
**Update** The impact plumes of the
[Lunar CRater Observation and Sensing Satellite](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2009-031B)
(LCROSS) and its Centaur
rocket stage in Cabeus crater near the south pole of the Moon on 9 October 2009 showed the
spectral signature of hydroxyl, a key indicator that water ice is present in the floor of the
crater (1). Analysis of the results indicates concentrations of roughly 6% water in the impact area,
including nearly pure ice crystals in some spots. The Indian
[Chandrayaan-1](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2008-052A)
Moon Mineralogy Mapper
experiment showed low-concentration hydroxyl signatures over much of the lunar surface, not just
in permanently shadowed craters (2), and the Mini-SAR experiment indicated possible large deposits of
water-ice in the northern lunar craters (3).
The discussion below is historical, based primarily on results from the Clementine and Lunar
Prospector missions, our view of water on the Moon is changing continuously with results from the
[Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=2009-031A)
and analyses of lunar samples on Earth.
---
[![[Image of Moon's south pole]](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/banner/moon_south_pole.gif)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/imgcat/hires/clm_usgs_17.gif)
On 5 March 1998 it was announced that data returned by the
[Lunar Prospector](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1998-001A)
spacecraft indicated that water ice might be present at both the north and south lunar poles,
in agreement with interpretations of
[Clementine](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A)
results for the south pole reported in November 1996.
The ice originally appeared to be mixed in with the lunar regolith
(surface rocks, soil, and dust) at low concentrations conservatively estimated at 0.3
to 1 percent. Subsequent data from Lunar Prospector taken over a longer period has
indicated the possible presence of discrete, confined, near-pure water ice deposits
buried beneath as much as 18 inches (40 centimeters) of dry regolith, with the water
signature being stronger at the Moon's north pole than at the south (4).
The ice was thought to be spread over 10,000 to 50,000 square km (3,600 to 18,000
square miles) of area near the north pole and 5,000 to 20,000 square km (1,800 to
7,200 square miles) around the south pole, but the latest results show the water
may be more concentrated in localized areas (roughly 1850 square km, or 650 square
miles, at each pole) rather than being spread out over these large regions. The
estimated total mass of ice is 6 trillion kg (6.6 billion tons).
Uncertainties in the models mean this estimate could be off considerably.
## How was the ice originally detected?
[![[Drawing of Lunar Prospector]](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/thumbnail/spacecraft/lunarprosp.gif)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/image/spacecraft/lunarprosp.gif)
The Lunar Prospector, a NASA Discovery mission, was launched into lunar orbit in
January 1998. Included on Lunar Prospector is an experiment called the
[Neutron Spectrometer.](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1998-001A-02)
This experiment is designed to detect minute amounts of water ice at a level of
less than 0.01%. The instrument concentrated on areas near the lunar poles
where it was thought these water ice deposits might be found. The Neutron
Spectrometer looks for so-called "slow" (or thermal) and "intermediate"
(or epithermal) neutrons which result from collisions of normal "fast" neutrons
with hydrogen atoms. A significant amount of hydrogen
would indicate the existence of water. The data
show a distinctive 4.6 percent signature over the north polar region and
a 3.0 percent signature over the south, a strong indication that water is
present in both these areas. The instrument can detect water to a depth of
about half a meter.
## How can ice survive on the Moon?
The Moon has no atmosphere, any substance on the lunar surface is exposed
directly to vacuum. For water ice, this means it will rapidly sublime
directly into water vapor and escape into space, as the Moon's low gravity
cannot hold gas for any appreciable time. Over the course of a lunar day
(~29 Earth days), all regions of the Moon are exposed to sunlight, and
the temperature on the Moon in direct sunlight reaches about 395 K
(395 Kelvin, which is equal to about 250 degrees above zero F).
So any ice exposed to sunlight for even a
short time would be lost. The only possible way for ice to exist on the
Moon would be in a permanently shadowed area.
[![[Topography of South Pole - Aitken Basin]](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/thumbnail/aitken.gif)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/image/aitken.gif)
The Clementine imaging experiment showed that such permanently shadowed
areas do exist in the bottom of deep craters near the Moon's south pole.
In fact, it appears that approximately 6000 to 15,000 square kilometers
(2300 to 5800 square miles) of area around the south pole is permanently
shadowed. The permanently shadowed area near the north pole appears on
Clementine images to be considerably less, but the Lunar Prospector results
show a much larger water-bearing area at the north pole. Much of the area
around the south pole is within the South Pole-Aitken Basin (shown at left
in blue on a lunar topography image), a giant impact crater 2500 km
(1550 miles) in diameter and 12 km deep at its lowest point.
Many smaller craters exist on the floor of this basin. Since they are
down in this basin, the floors of many of these
craters are never exposed to sunlight. Within these craters the
temperatures would never rise above about 100 K
(280 degrees below zero F) (5). Any water ice at the bottom of the crater
could probably exist for billions of years at these temperatures.
## Where did the ice come from?
The Moon's surface is continuously bombarded by meteorites and micrometeorites.
Many, if not most, of these impactors contain water ice, and the lunar craters
show that many of these were very large objects. Any ice which survived impact
would be scattered over the lunar surface. Most would be quickly vaporized by
sunlight and lost to space, but some would end up inside the permanently shadowed
craters, either by directly entering the crater or migrating over the surface as
randomly moving individual molecules which would reach the craters and freeze there.
Once inside the crater, the ice would be relatively stable, so over time the ice
would collect in these "cold traps", and be buried to some extent by meteoritic
gardening. Such a possibility was suggested as early as 1961 (6). However, loss
of ice due to photodissociation, solar wind sputtering, and micrometeoroid
gardening is not well quantified (7).
## Is there any other evidence for ice?
[![[Image of Clementine Spacecraft]](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/banner/clementine_sc.gif)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/clementine_sc.gif)
In a Science magazine article (8) on 29 November 1996, it was announced that
interpretation of data from a
[Clementine](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A)
spacecraft experiment suggested the possibility of ice on the surface of the
Moon. The ice was believed to be in the bottom of a permanently shadowed crater
near the Moon's south pole (at the center of the Clementine mosaic shown at
the top of the page). It was also thought likely that other frozen volatiles, such as methane,
were in the deposit. The deposit was estimated to be approximately 60,000 to
120,000 cubic meters in volume. This would be comparable to a small lake in size,
four football fields in surface area and 16 feet deep. This estimate was very
uncertain, however, due to the nature of the data.
One of the problems in studying a permanently shadowed area is that no pictures
can be obtained. The Clementine spacecraft searched for the ice using an
investigation known as the
[Bistatic Radar Experiment.](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1994-004A-09)
Basically, this experiment consisted of
having the Clementine spacecraft transmit an S-band radio signal through its high
gain antenna towards a lunar target. The signals reflected off the Moon and
were received by a 70 meter Deep Space Network (DSN) antenna on the Earth.
Frozen volatiles such as water ice are much more reflective to S-band radio waves
than lunar rocks. Radio waves also have different characteristics when reflected
off ice than off silicate rock. An analysis of the signals returned from orbit
234 showed reflection characteristics suggestive of water ice for the
permanently shadowed areas near the south pole. Reflections from regions
which are not permanently shadowed do not show these characteristics. It is
possible that other scattering mechanisms could be responsible for this result,
but the interpretation of the radio returns and the fact that they are associated
only with the permanently shadowed regions seem to indicate that water ice is the
most likely possibility. However, Arecibo radio telescope studies using the same
radio frequency as Clementine showed similar reflection patterns from areas
which are not permanently shadowed. These reflections have been interpreted as
being due to rough surfaces, and it was suggested that the Clementine results may
have been due to roughness, rather than water ice, as well.
**Bistatic Radar Experiment Parameters**
9-10 April 1994
**Transmission:** S-Band 2.273 GHz (13.19 cm wavelength)
**Polarization:** Right Circular (RCP)
**Signal Power:** 6 Watts
**Axial Tilt:** 4.5 to 5.5 degrees (Moon to Earth)
**Orbits Used:** 234 and 235
## Why is ice on the Moon important?
The ice could represent relatively pristine cometary or asteroid material
which has existed on the Moon for millions or billions of years. A robotic
sample return mission could bring ice back to Earth for study, perhaps
followed by a human mission for more detailed sampling. The simple fact
that the ice is there will help scientists constrain models of impacts on
the lunar surface and the effects of meteorite gardening, photodissociation,
and solar wind sputtering on the Moon.
Beyond the scientifically intriguing aspects, deposits of ice on the Moon
would have many practical aspects for future manned lunar exploration.
There is no other source of water on the Moon, and shipping water to the Moon
for use by humans would be extremely expensive ($2,000 to $20,000 per kg).
The lunar water could also serve as a source of oxygen, another vital
material not readily found on the Moon, and hydrogen, which could be used as
rocket fuel. Paul Spudis, one of the scientists who took part in the
Clementine study, referred to the lunar ice deposit as possibly "the most
valuable piece of real estate in the solar system".
It appears that in addition to the permanently shadowed areas there are some
higher areas such as crater rims which are permanently exposed to sunlight
and could serve as a source of power for future missions.
---
### References
1) Detection of Water in the LCROSS Ejecta Plume, Colaprete et al., Science v. 330, p. 463, 2010
2) Character and spatial distribution of OH/H2O on the surface of the Moon
seen by M3 on Chandrayaan-1, Pieters et al., Science v. 326, p. 568, 2009.
3) Initial results for the north pole of the Moon from Mini-SAR, Chandrayaan-1 mission,
Spudis et al. Geophys. Res. Lett., v. 37, L06204, 2010.
4) Fluxes of fast and epithermal neutrons from Lunar Prospector:
Evidence for water ice at the lunar poles, Feldman et al.,
Science, v. 281, p. 1496, 1998
5) Stability of polar frosts in spherical bowl-shaped craters on the Moon,
Mercury, and Mars, Ingersoll et al., Icarus, v. 100, p. 40, 1992
6) The behavior of volatiles on the lunar surface, Watson et al.,
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 66, p. 3033, 1961
7) Ice in the lunar polar regions, Arnold,
Journal of Geophysical Research, v. 84, p. 5659, 1979
8) The Clementine bistatic radar experiment, Nozette et al.,
Science, v. 274, p. 1495, 1996
---
[ NASA Press Release (13 October 1999)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_19991013.txt)
- on results of Lunar Prospector crash impact on the Moon
[ NASA Press Release (3 September 1998)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_19980903.txt)
- announcing enhanced estimate of quantity of water on the Moon
[ NASA Press Release (5 March 1998)](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/text/lp_pr_980305.txt)
- announcing the detection of ice on the Moon
[ Cornell Press Release (3 June 1999)](http://www.news.cornell.edu/releases/June99/moon.poles.deb.html)
- radar provides 3-D views of lunar poles
[ Lunar Prospector](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1998-001A)
[ Neutron Spectrometer Experiment](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1998-001A-02)
[ Clementine](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/spacecraft/display.action?id=1994-004A)
[ Clementine Bistatic Radar Experiment](https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/nmc/experiment/display.action?id=1994-004A-09)
[ Ice on the Bone Dry Moon](http://www.psrd.hawaii.edu/Dec96/IceonMoon.html) - Paul Spudis
[ Moon Home Page](http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/planets/moonpage.html)
---
Author/Curator:
Dr. David R. Williams, [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
NSSDCA, Mail Code 690.1
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
Greenbelt, MD 20771
+1-301-286-1258
---
###### NASA Official: Dave Williams, [email protected]
Last Updated: 31 January 2022, DRW
| https://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/ice/ice_moon.html |
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<h1>Free Animations - Clipart - Gifs - PNG Images</h1>
<p>Welcome to fg-a.com. We have been supplying web art for creative designers for over 26 years. There are more than 240 categories plus 100's of subcategories and another 40 pages of miscellaneous animated gifs and clip art. </p>
<p>Choose a clipart or gifs category below, use our search, go to <a href="freeclipart.shtml">Main Clipart Menu</a> or visit our<a href="sitemap.htm"> site map</a>.</p>
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<p>Below are the main categories of our website. Almost every page is a mixture of clip art images (or graphics) and gif animations.
Some sections such as arrows, animals, alligators, aircraft, politics, smileys, flags and borders also have large PNG and JPEG printable designs. We add new creations every week and many are noted on the "What's New?" page. </p></td>
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<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="webhosting.html">Web Hosting</a></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="webspace.htm">Image Hosting</a></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="animationsoftware.html">Animation Software</a></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="holiday.htm">Holidays</a></td>
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<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="updates.htm">What's New?</a></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle"><a href="policies.htm">Policies</a></td>
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<td width="33%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="july4.htm">4th Of July</a></td>
<td width="34%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-4th-of-july.html">4th Of July Backgrounds</a></td>
<td width="33%" align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="4th-of-july-borders.html">4th Of July Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-4th-of-july.html">4th Of July Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs9.htm">Aircraft</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-aircraft.html">Aircraft Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="aliens.htm">Aliens</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="alligators-1.html">Alligators</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="american-2.shtml">American</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations6.shtml">Angels</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animals.htm">Animals</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-animals.html">Animal Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="ants-1.html">Ants</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="april-fools-day.html">April Fool's Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="arbor-day-clipart.shtml">Arbor Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="furniture-2.shtml">Armoires</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="arrows.htm">Arrows</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="august-clipart.html">August Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="autos.htm">Autos Cars</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds.htm">Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-abstract.html">Backgrounds Abstract</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="african_art_ba.shtml">Backgrounds African</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds_animated.shtml">Backgrounds Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-fire.html">Backgrounds Fire</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-forests.html">Backgrounds Forests</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-geometric.html">Backgrounds Geometric</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-green.html">Backgrounds Green</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-hearts.html">Backgrounds Hearts</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-ice-snow.html">Backgrounds Ice</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-red.html">Backgrounds Red</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="sports-clipart-2.shtml">Baseball</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="sports-basketball-5.shtml">Basketball</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="bastille-day-clipart.html">Bastille Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-beaches.html">Beach Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs4.htm">Bears</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="bicycles.html">Bicycles</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-birds.html">Bird Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="bird-clipart.shtml">Bird Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs3.htm">Birds Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-birthday.html">Birthday Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="birthday-borders.html">Birthday Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="birthday_clipart.shtml">Birthday Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="black-backgrounds.shtml">Black Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="black-cat-day-clipart.html">Black Cat Appreciation Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs7.htm">Boats - Ships</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="buttons.htm">Buttons</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="anibuttons.htm">Buttons Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="camping.shtml">Camping</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1d.shtml">Candy Cane Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="cat-day.html">Cat Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="furniture-1.shtml">Chairs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_science_2.shtml">Chemistry</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_christian.shtml">Christian</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1e.html">Christian Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasimages.shtml">Christian Christmas</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-christian.html">Christian Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasbackgrounds-1.shtml">Christmas Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders.shtml">Christmas Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmas.htm">Christmas Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1h-elves.html">Christmas Elf Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-christmas.html">Christmas Facebook Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmas5.shtml">Christmas Houses</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="merry-christmas.html">Christmas Merry</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart-christmas.shtml">Christmas Nativity</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmas2.htm">Christmas Santa</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1i-trees.html">Christmas Tree Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmas4.shtml">Christmas Trees</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations3.shtml">Clocks</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations5.shtml">Coffee</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="columbus-day-clipart.shtml">Columbus Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="misc_clipart2.shtml">Congrats</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="congratulations-borders.html">Congrats Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="constitution-day-clipart.html">Constitution Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="cool.htm">Cool Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="crabs.shtml">Crab Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="daughters-day-clipart.html">Daughters Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animals9.shtml">Dinosaurs</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="dogs.html">Dogs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="icons_clipart.shtml">Dollar Signs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="earth-day-clipart.shtml">Earth Day Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-easter.html">Easter Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="easter-borders.html">Easter Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="easter.htm">Easter Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-easter.html">Easter Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="email.htm">Email Animations</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="entergifs.htm">Enter Animations</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="faces.shtml">Face Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers.html">Facebook Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fairies.html">Fairies</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fall-clipart.html">Fall Autumn Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart.html">Fantasy Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="farm_animals.shtml">Farm Animals</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-fathers-day.html">Fathers Day Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fathers-day-borders.html">Fathers Day Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fathersday.shtml">Fathers Day Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-fathers-day.html">Fathers Day Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="icons_4.shtml">Firetrucks</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-fish.html">Fish Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fishing.shtml">Fishing Gifs</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="flag-day-clipart.shtml">Flag Day Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="american-1.shtml">Flags American</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stateflags.htm">Flags US States</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="flags.htm">Flags World</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="flowers.htm">Flowers Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-flowers.html">Flower Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="flower-borders.html">Flower Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs8.htm">Flower Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-flowers.html">Flower Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_food.shtml">Food Animations</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="sports-football-4.shtml">Football Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="border-frames-1.shtml">Frames</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animals13.shtml">Frog Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="fun.htm">Fun Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="furniture-1.shtml">Furniture</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="go_search.shtml">Go Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="grandparents-day.html">Grandparents Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="grandparents-day-borders.html">Grandparents Day Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="guestgifs.htm">Guestbook</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="halloweenbackgrounds.shtml">Halloween Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="halloween-borders.html">Halloween Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="halloween.shtml">Halloween Clipart </a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-halloween.html">Halloween Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_tools.shtml">Hand Tools</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="happy-halloween.html">Happy Halloween</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="icons_gifs.shtml">Heavy Equipment</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="sports-clipart-3.shtml">Hockey Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1b.shtml">Holly Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="home.htm">Home Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="hot.htm">Hot Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="hunting-and-fishing-day.html">Hunting And Fishing Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="ice-cream-day-clipart.html">Ice Cream Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="icons.shtml">Icons</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs6.htm">Insect Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="juneteenth.html">Juneteenth</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="kwanzaa-clipart.shtml">Kwanzaa Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="labor-day-borders.html">Labor Day Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="labordayclipart.shtml">Labor Day Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-labor-day.html">Labor Day Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="lines.htm">Lines Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stlines.htm">Line Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="link_acc.htm">Link Clipart</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animals4.shtml">Lizards</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifs5.htm">Lobster Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-marble.html">Marble Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="may-day.html">May Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="medieval_clipart.shtml">Medieval Gifs</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="memorialday.shtml">Memorial Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-memorial-day.html">Memorial Day Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="merry-christmas-2.html">Merry Christmas Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="merry-christmas-3.html">Merry Christmas Graphics</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="stgifsmisc.htm">Miscellaneous</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations.htm">Misc. Animated</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-miscellaneous.html">Misc. Backgrounds</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="mlk-day-clipart.html">MLK Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="mothersdayclipart.shtml">Mother's Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-mothers-day.html">Mother's Day Backgrounds</a></td>
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<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="mothers-day-borders.html">Mother's Day Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-mothers-day.html">Mother's Day Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="motorcycles.html">Motorcycles</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-mountains.html">Mountain Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-mountains.html">Mountain Covers</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_music.shtml">Music Gifs</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-nature.html">Nature Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="new.htm">New Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="newyear.shtml">New Year</a></td>
</tr>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-new-year.html">New Year Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="new-year-borders.html">New Year Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-new-year.html">New Year Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1g.html">Ornament Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations4.shtml">Pandas</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="patriotday.shtml">Patriot Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_peace.shtml">Peace Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-people.html">People Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1a.shtml">Poinsettia Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="political.html">Political</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="pow-mia.shtml">POW/MIA</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="presidents-day.html">Presidents Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="christmasborders1f.html">Santa Claus Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart_science.shtml">Science</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="shoppingcart.shtml">Shopping Cart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="shrimp.shtml">Shrimp Gifs</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="sisters-day-clipart.html">Sister's Day</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-sky-clouds.html">Sky Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="smiley-face-clipart.html">Smileys</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="snowboarding.shtml">Snowboard</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="furniture-3.shtml">Sofas</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="StPatsday.htm">St. Patricks Day</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-thanksgiving.html">Thanksgiving Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="valentine.htm">Valentines Day</a></td>
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<tr>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="backgrounds-valentines-day.html">Valentines Day Backgrounds</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="valentine-day-borders.html">Valentine Borders</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-valentines-day.html">Valentine Covers</a></td>
</tr>
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<td colspan="3" align="left" valign="bottom"> </td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="animations7.shtml">Vampires</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="veteransdayclipart.shtml">Veterans Day Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="facebook-covers-veterans-day.html">Veterans Day Covers</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="viking-clipart.html">Vikings</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="clipart-science-4-virus.html">Viruses</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="weapons.shtml">Weapons</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="weight-lifting.html">Weight Lifting</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="welcome.htm">Welcome</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="welcome-borders.html">Welcome Borders</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="wild-west-clipart.html">Wild West</a></td>
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<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="winter-clipart.html">Winter Clipart</a></td>
<td align="left" valign="bottom"><a href="witch-clipart.html">Witches</a></td>
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<td align="center" valign="bottom"><a href="christmas.htm"><img src="christmas/2023-santa-merry-christmas-round.jpg" alt="magic snow" width="500" height="500" border="0"><br>
Christmas Clipart and Animations</a></td>
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<td align="center" valign="bottom"><a href="kwanzaa-clipart.shtml"><img src="kwanzaa/2019-kwanzaa-image-food-candles.jpg" alt="candles" width="413" height="220" border="0"><br>
Kwanzaa Clipart</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="bottom"><a href="newyear.shtml"><img src="new-year/2024-animation-happy-new-year-2024.gif" alt="Happy New Year" width="477" height="191" border="0"><br>
New Year Animations and Clipart</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<p> </p>
<p>An update, since January we have added new graphics to every page of the site. Not just every category but every single page. This we have done. New animations, clipart and images plus we have created hundreds of new designs specifically sized for Facebook, Instagram and other social networking sites.<br>
</p>
<p>Our free clipart images are for use on personal websites. However, several sections have clipart we created that may be used on any site such as our Shopping Cart, Veterans Day, POW/MIA pages and Patriot Day sections. Clipart and animations that may be used on business sites are marked as such on each individual page.</p>
<p>Clipart on our site are either gif, jpeg or png format. All animations are gifs. </p>
<p>If you have questions about using our free graphics, visit our <a href="policies.htm">policies</a> page.<br>
<b>fg-a.com - Free Gifs and Animations</b></p>
<p>Copyright© 1997 - 2023</p>
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</table>
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Free Animated Gifs - Clipart - Background Images - Animations
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| Free Animations - Clipart - Animated Gifs
Free Animations - Clipart - Gifs - PNG Images
Welcome to fg-a.com. We have been supplying web art for creative designers for over 26 years. There are more than 240 categories plus 100's of subcategories and another 40 pages of miscellaneous animated gifs and clip art.
Choose a clipart or gifs category below, use our search, go to [Main Clipart Menu](freeclipart.shtml) or visit our [site map](sitemap.htm).
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Below are the main categories of our website. Almost every page is a mixture of clip art images (or graphics) and gif animations.
Some sections such as arrows, animals, alligators, aircraft, politics, smileys, flags and borders also have large PNG and JPEG printable designs. We add new creations every week and many are noted on the "What's New?" page. |
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Web Hosting](webhosting.html) | [Image Hosting](webspace.htm) | [Animation Software](animationsoftware.html) | [Holidays](holiday.htm) |
| [What's New?](updates.htm) | [Policies](policies.htm) | [Privacy](privacy.html) | [Contact Us](contact01.html) |
**Free Clipart - Free Animations Menu**
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [4th Of July](july4.htm) | [4th Of July Backgrounds](backgrounds-4th-of-july.html) | [4th Of July Borders](4th-of-july-borders.html) |
| [4th Of July Covers](facebook-covers-4th-of-july.html) | [Aircraft](stgifs9.htm) | [Aircraft Backgrounds](backgrounds-aircraft.html) |
| [Aliens](aliens.htm) | [Alligators](alligators-1.html) | [American](american-2.shtml) |
| [Angels](animations6.shtml) | [Animals](animals.htm) | [Animal Backgrounds](backgrounds-animals.html) |
| [Ants](ants-1.html) | [April Fool's Day](april-fools-day.html) | [Arbor Day](arbor-day-clipart.shtml) |
| [Armoires](furniture-2.shtml) | [Arrows](arrows.htm) | [August Clipart](august-clipart.html) |
| [Autos Cars](autos.htm) | [Backgrounds](backgrounds.htm) | [Backgrounds Abstract](backgrounds-abstract.html) |
| [Backgrounds African](african_art_ba.shtml) | [Backgrounds Animated](backgrounds_animated.shtml) | [Backgrounds Fire](backgrounds-fire.html) |
| [Backgrounds Forests](backgrounds-forests.html) | [Backgrounds Geometric](backgrounds-geometric.html) | [Backgrounds Green](backgrounds-green.html) |
| [Backgrounds Hearts](backgrounds-hearts.html) | [Backgrounds Ice](backgrounds-ice-snow.html) | [Backgrounds Large](large-backgrounds.shtml) |
| |
| [Backgrounds Red](backgrounds-red.html) | [Baseball](sports-clipart-2.shtml) | [Basketball](sports-basketball-5.shtml) |
| [Bastille Day](bastille-day-clipart.html) | [Beach Backgrounds](backgrounds-beaches.html) | [Bears](stgifs4.htm) |
| [Bicycles](bicycles.html) | [Bird Backgrounds](backgrounds-birds.html) | [Bird Clipart](bird-clipart.shtml) |
| [Birds Animated](stgifs3.htm) | [Birthday Backgrounds](backgrounds-birthday.html) | [Birthday Borders](birthday-borders.html) |
| [Birthday Clipart](birthday_clipart.shtml) | [Birthday Covers](facebook-covers-birthday.html) | [Bizarre](bizarre-clipart.html) |
| [Black Backgrounds](black-backgrounds.shtml) | [Black Cat Appreciation Day](black-cat-day-clipart.html) | [Blue Backgrounds](backgrounds-blue.html) |
| [Boats - Ships](stgifs7.htm) | [Borders](border.htm) | [Boss's Day](boss-day.html) |
| [Bullets](bullets.htm) | [Bullets Animated](anibullets.htm) | [Bulls](bulls.html) |
| [Butterflies](butterflies.shtml) | [Butterfly Backgrounds](backgrounds-butterflies.html) | [Buttons](buttons.htm) |
| [Buttons Animated](anibuttons.htm) | [Camping](camping.shtml) | [Candy Cane Borders](christmasborders1d.shtml) |
| [Cat Day](cat-day.html) | [Chairs](furniture-1.shtml) | [Chemistry](clipart_science_2.shtml) |
| [Christian](clipart_christian.shtml) | | |
| |
| [Christian Borders](christmasborders1e.html) | [Christian Christmas](christmasimages.shtml) | [Christian Covers](facebook-covers-christian.html) |
| [Christmas Backgrounds](christmasbackgrounds-1.shtml) | [Christmas Borders](christmasborders.shtml) | [Christmas Clipart](christmas.htm) |
| [Christmas Elf Borders](christmasborders1h-elves.html) | [Christmas Facebook Covers](facebook-covers-christmas.html) | [Christmas Houses](christmas5.shtml) |
| [Christmas Merry](merry-christmas.html) | [Christmas Nativity](clipart-christmas.shtml) | [Christmas Santa](christmas2.htm) |
| [Christmas Tree Borders](christmasborders1i-trees.html) | [Christmas Trees](christmas4.shtml) | [Clocks](animations3.shtml) |
| [Coffee](animations5.shtml) | [Columbus Day](columbus-day-clipart.shtml) | [Congrats](misc_clipart2.shtml) |
| [Congrats Borders](congratulations-borders.html) | [Constitution Day](constitution-day-clipart.html) | [Cool Clipart](cool.htm) |
| [Crab Gifs](crabs.shtml) | [Daughters Day](daughters-day-clipart.html) | [Dinosaurs](animals9.shtml) |
| [Dogs](dogs.html) | [Dollar Signs](icons_clipart.shtml) | [Earth Day Clipart](earth-day-clipart.shtml) |
| [Easter Backgrounds](backgrounds-easter.html) | [Easter Borders](easter-borders.html) | [Easter Clipart](easter.htm) |
| [Easter Covers](facebook-covers-easter.html) | [Email Animations](email.htm) | [Enter Animations](entergifs.htm) |
| [Face Clipart](faces.shtml) | [Facebook Covers](facebook-covers.html) | [Fairies](fairies.html) |
| [Fall Autumn Clipart](fall-clipart.html) | | |
| |
| [Fantasy Clipart](clipart.html) | [Farm Animals](farm_animals.shtml) | [Fathers Day Backgrounds](backgrounds-fathers-day.html) |
| [Fathers Day Borders](fathers-day-borders.html) | [Fathers Day Clipart](fathersday.shtml) | [Fathers Day Covers](facebook-covers-fathers-day.html) |
| [Firetrucks](icons_4.shtml) | [Fish Backgrounds](backgrounds-fish.html) | [Fishing Gifs](fishing.shtml) |
| [Flag Day Clipart](flag-day-clipart.shtml) | [Flags American](american-1.shtml) | [Flags US States](stateflags.htm) |
| [Flags World](flags.htm) | [Flowers Animated](flowers.htm) | [Flower Backgrounds](backgrounds-flowers.html) |
| [Flower Borders](flower-borders.html) | [Flower Clipart](stgifs8.htm) | [Flower Covers](facebook-covers-flowers.html) |
| [Food Animations](clipart_food.shtml) | [Football Gifs](sports-football-4.shtml) | [Frames](border-frames-1.shtml) |
| [Frog Gifs](animals13.shtml) | [Fun Clipart](fun.htm) | [Furniture](furniture-1.shtml) |
| [Go Clipart](go_search.shtml) | [Grandparents Day](grandparents-day.html) | [Grandparents Day Borders](grandparents-day-borders.html) |
| [Guestbook](guestgifs.htm) | [Halloween Backgrounds](halloweenbackgrounds.shtml) | [Halloween Borders](halloween-borders.html) |
|
| |
| --- |
|
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|
| [Halloween Clipart](halloween.shtml) | [Halloween Covers](facebook-covers-halloween.html) | [Hand Tools](clipart_tools.shtml) |
| [Happy Halloween](happy-halloween.html) | [Heavy Equipment](icons_gifs.shtml) | [Hockey Clipart](sports-clipart-3.shtml) |
| [Holly Borders](christmasborders1b.shtml) | [Home Clipart](home.htm) | [Hot Clipart](hot.htm) |
| [Hunting And Fishing Day](hunting-and-fishing-day.html) | [Ice Cream Day](ice-cream-day-clipart.html) | [Icons](icons.shtml) |
| [Insect Gifs](stgifs6.htm) | [Juneteenth](juneteenth.html) | [Kwanzaa Clipart](kwanzaa-clipart.shtml) |
| [Labor Day Borders](labor-day-borders.html) | [Labor Day Clipart](labordayclipart.shtml) | [Labor Day Covers](facebook-covers-labor-day.html) |
| [Lines Animated](lines.htm) | [Line Clipart](stlines.htm) | [Link Clipart](link_acc.htm) |
| [Lizards](animals4.shtml) | [Lobster Gifs](stgifs5.htm) | [Marble Backgrounds](backgrounds-marble.html) |
| [May Day](may-day.html) | [Medieval Gifs](medieval_clipart.shtml) | [Memorial Day](memorialday.shtml) |
| [Memorial Day Covers](facebook-covers-memorial-day.html) | [Merry Christmas Clipart](merry-christmas-2.html) | [Merry Christmas Graphics](merry-christmas-3.html) |
| [Miscellaneous](stgifsmisc.htm) | [Misc. Animated](animations.htm) | [Misc. Backgrounds](backgrounds-miscellaneous.html) |
| |
| [MLK Day](mlk-day-clipart.html) | [Mother's Day](mothersdayclipart.shtml) | [Mother's Day Backgrounds](backgrounds-mothers-day.html) |
| [Mother's Day Borders](mothers-day-borders.html) | [Mother's Day Covers](facebook-covers-mothers-day.html) | [Motorcycles](motorcycles.html) |
| [Mountain Backgrounds](backgrounds-mountains.html) | [Mountain Covers](facebook-covers-mountains.html) | [Music Gifs](clipart_music.shtml) |
| [Nature Backgrounds](backgrounds-nature.html) | [New Clipart](new.htm) | [New Year](newyear.shtml) |
| [New Year Backgrounds](backgrounds-new-year.html) | [New Year Borders](new-year-borders.html) | [New Year Covers](facebook-covers-new-year.html) |
| [Ornament Borders](christmasborders1g.html) | [Pandas](animations4.shtml) | [Patriot Day](patriotday.shtml) |
| [Peace Clipart](clipart_peace.shtml) | [People Backgrounds](backgrounds-people.html) | [Poinsettia Borders](christmasborders1a.shtml) |
| [Political](political.html) | [POW/MIA](pow-mia.shtml) | [Presidents Day](presidents-day.html) |
| [Santa Claus Borders](christmasborders1f.html) | [Science](clipart_science.shtml) | [Scuba Diving](diving_clipart.shtml) |
| [Shopping Cart](shoppingcart.shtml) | [Shrimp Gifs](shrimp.shtml) | [Sibling Day](sibling-day-clipart.html) |
| [Sister's Day](sisters-day-clipart.html) | [Sky Backgrounds](backgrounds-sky-clouds.html) | [Smileys](smiley-face-clipart.html) |
| |
| [Snowboard](snowboarding.shtml) | [Sofas](furniture-3.shtml) | [Son And Daughter Day](son-and-daughter-day-clipart.html) |
| [Space Backgrounds](backgrounds-space.html) | [Spacecraft](stgifs10.htm) | [Sports Clipart](sports-clipart-1.shtml) |
| [Spring Clipart](spring-clipart.html) | [St. Patricks Day](StPatsday.htm) | [St. Patrick's Day Backgrounds](backgrounds-saint-patricks-day.html) |
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<head><title>Not Acceptable!</title></head><body><h1>Not Acceptable!</h1><p>An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server. This error was generated by Mod_Security.</p></body></html> | Not Acceptable!# Not Acceptable!
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| http://cycletourist.com/ |
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Adobe PageMill 3.0 Mac">
<TITLE>Romance</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" BACKGROUND="bg.JPG">
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="titlesm.GIF" WIDTH="324" HEIGHT="18" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3" ALT="Come along, you belong, feel the fizz..."><BR>
<IMG SRC="romance.GIF" WIDTH="125" HEIGHT="31" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3" ALT="Romance"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="bouquet.JPG" WIDTH="316" HEIGHT="255" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>Artwork by <A HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Boulevard/8011/Rangers.htm">Matt
Plotecher</A></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>A question asked by many non-fans of "Rescue Rangers"
is "Who does Gadget wind up with?" The series itself
offers no clear answer, although many online Rangerphiles take
events such as Foxglove's appearance and a very short flirting
scene between Chip and Gadget as fairly conclusive evidence. This
makes sense since, as noted in the <A HREF="fandom.html">Expressions
of Fandom</A> section, Rangerphiles on the Internet are usually
romantics. Several respondents to the open-ended survey cited
the romantic content of the show as part of what drew them in.
Generally, in the program itself, Chip and Dale fought over Gadget,
who rarely favored one chipmunk over the other. However, most
online Rangerphiles believe Gadget and Chip should be a couple
(statistics taken from Internet Survey and the <A HREF="http://www2.southwind.net/~dxkelly/rrdir.html">Rangerphile
Directory</A>):</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="538" BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="1" CELLPADDING="0"
HEIGHT="123">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="55%" HEIGHT="30" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> <B>Feelings
on whether Chip and Gadget should be a couple</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="19%" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> <B>Internet Survey</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="26%" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> <B>Rangerphile Directory</B></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> Strong pro (strongly
supports relationship)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> 13/42 (31%)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> *</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> Pro</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> 12/42 (29%)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff">35/62 (57%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> Unsure/Neutral</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> 7/42 (16%)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">7/62 (11%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> Anti</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> 3/42 (7%)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff">20/62 (32%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> Strong anti (strongly
against relationship)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> 7/42 (16%)</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">*</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><BR>
<FONT SIZE="-1">*Data from the Rangerphile Directory condensed
to 'pro,' 'anti,' and 'neutral.'</FONT></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>About sixty percent of Rangerphiles, then, think Chip
and Gadget should be a couple. This is reflected in many fanfics;
usually, Chip and Gadget either are a couple, wind up as a couple,
or flirt in these stories. In the Rangerphile Directory data,
there was a tendancy for female Rangerphiles to be less supportive
of this relationship; that data is not replicated in the Internet
survey.</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>Most Rangerphiles also feel that Dale and Foxglove
should be a couple, despite the fact that Foxglove only appears
in one episode, and Dale does not show any true romantic interest
in her throughout the episode.</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="538" HEIGHT="110" BORDER="0" CELLSPACING="1"
CELLPADDING="0">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="66%" HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> <B>Feelings
on whether Dale and Foxglove should be a couple</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="34%" BGCOLOR="#ccffff"> <B>Internet Survey</B></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> Strong pro</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc"> 15/42 (36%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ccffff">Pro</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff">13/42 (31%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">Unsure</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">8/42 (19%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ccffff">Anti</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ccffff">3/42 (7%)</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD HEIGHT="17" BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">Strong anti</TD>
<TD BGCOLOR="#ffffcc">3/42 (7%)</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>There is less opposition to the Dale and Foxglove relationship.
This may be due to the fact that little is known about Foxglove
and Dale's relationship (there is little evidence to suggest it
might have negative consequences), or due to the eloquent fan
works "<A HREF="../gadget/fanfic/upsidedown.html">Home is
Where You Hang Upside-Down</A>" and "<A HREF="../gadget/fanfic/consumation.html">Consumation</A>,"
both written by Roy Neal Grissom, which paint Foxglove as a sweet,
gentle, and full-fledged character with a clearly defined personality,
and trace how Dale falls in love with her. Or, it may be due to
Foxglove's popularity as a one-shot character, her beauty, her
voice (Deborah Walley), or the fans' sympathizing with Dale (generally
a bumbling character) and their joy over him finally finding a
lady who likes him. Some people who are against Chip and Gadget
becoming a couple point out that, in fan fiction, Dale and Foxglove
often get together before Chip and Gadget do--it may be that some
authors bring Foxglove in so that she and Dale can get together,
leaving Chip free to take Gadget without interference. This view
is mostly confined to the 'antis' though.</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>There really is a strong tendancy in the Internet Rangerphile
community to pair up the characters; some fans even suggest that
Queenie (a queen bee, also a one-shot character) and Zipper should
become a couple! Perhaps there is an idea that the characters
cannot live happily ever after unless they find happiness in a
mate. If so, that would go along nicely with the idea of <A HREF="escape.html">"Rescue
Rangers" as escape.</A></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="escape.html">Next</A></CENTER></P>
<P> </P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="index.html"> Back to the Table of Contents</A></CENTER>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
Romance
Artwork by [Matt
Plotecher](http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Boulevard/8011/Rangers.htm)
A question asked by many non-fans of "Rescue Rangers"
is "Who does Gadget wind up with?" The series itself
offers no clear answer, although many online Rangerphiles take
events such as Foxglove's appearance and a very short flirting
scene between Chip and Gadget as fairly conclusive evidence. This
makes sense since, as noted in the [Expressions
of Fandom](fandom.html) section, Rangerphiles on the Internet are usually
romantics. Several respondents to the open-ended survey cited
the romantic content of the show as part of what drew them in.
Generally, in the program itself, Chip and Dale fought over Gadget,
who rarely favored one chipmunk over the other. However, most
online Rangerphiles believe Gadget and Chip should be a couple
(statistics taken from Internet Survey and the [Rangerphile
Directory](http://www2.southwind.net/~dxkelly/rrdir.html)):
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Feelings
on whether Chip and Gadget should be a couple** | **Internet Survey** | **Rangerphile Directory** |
| Strong pro (strongly
supports relationship) | 13/42 (31%) | \* |
| Pro | 12/42 (29%) | 35/62 (57%) |
| Unsure/Neutral | 7/42 (16%) | 7/62 (11%) |
| Anti | 3/42 (7%) | 20/62 (32%) |
| Strong anti (strongly
against relationship) | 7/42 (16%) | \* |
\*Data from the Rangerphile Directory condensed
to 'pro,' 'anti,' and 'neutral.'
About sixty percent of Rangerphiles, then, think Chip
and Gadget should be a couple. This is reflected in many fanfics;
usually, Chip and Gadget either are a couple, wind up as a couple,
or flirt in these stories. In the Rangerphile Directory data,
there was a tendancy for female Rangerphiles to be less supportive
of this relationship; that data is not replicated in the Internet
survey.
Most Rangerphiles also feel that Dale and Foxglove
should be a couple, despite the fact that Foxglove only appears
in one episode, and Dale does not show any true romantic interest
in her throughout the episode.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| **Feelings
on whether Dale and Foxglove should be a couple** | **Internet Survey** |
| Strong pro | 15/42 (36%) |
| Pro | 13/42 (31%) |
| Unsure | 8/42 (19%) |
| Anti | 3/42 (7%) |
| Strong anti | 3/42 (7%) |
There is less opposition to the Dale and Foxglove relationship.
This may be due to the fact that little is known about Foxglove
and Dale's relationship (there is little evidence to suggest it
might have negative consequences), or due to the eloquent fan
works "[Home is
Where You Hang Upside-Down](../gadget/fanfic/upsidedown.html)" and "[Consumation](../gadget/fanfic/consumation.html),"
both written by Roy Neal Grissom, which paint Foxglove as a sweet,
gentle, and full-fledged character with a clearly defined personality,
and trace how Dale falls in love with her. Or, it may be due to
Foxglove's popularity as a one-shot character, her beauty, her
voice (Deborah Walley), or the fans' sympathizing with Dale (generally
a bumbling character) and their joy over him finally finding a
lady who likes him. Some people who are against Chip and Gadget
becoming a couple point out that, in fan fiction, Dale and Foxglove
often get together before Chip and Gadget do--it may be that some
authors bring Foxglove in so that she and Dale can get together,
leaving Chip free to take Gadget without interference. This view
is mostly confined to the 'antis' though.
There really is a strong tendancy in the Internet Rangerphile
community to pair up the characters; some fans even suggest that
Queenie (a queen bee, also a one-shot character) and Zipper should
become a couple! Perhaps there is an idea that the characters
cannot live happily ever after unless they find happiness in a
mate. If so, that would go along nicely with the idea of ["Rescue
Rangers" as escape.](escape.html)
[Next](escape.html)
[Back to the Table of Contents](index.html)
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<h1 style="text-align: left">The Process of Cheese Making</h1>
<p><b>The process of cheese making</b> ranges from short and simple, to lengthy and somewhat complex. Regardless of the exact variations required to produce individual types of cheese, however, the basics of cheese making remain the same.</p><p>Cheese, of course, is made from milk. The most popular types of milk for cheesemaking include cow milk, goat milk and sheep milk. Each kind of milk imparts a unique flavor and texture to the resulting cheese, and some cheeses are strongly associated with a particular kind of milk, such as goat milk with chevre and sheep milk with romano. </p><p>Despite these traditional associations, however, the basic process of making cheese remains the same across milk varieties, as the compositional structures of the milk are similar. </p><p>Cheese, also known as <b>curds</b>, is composed of the solid portion of milk, which contains fats and proteins. The proteins in milk consist of two types: <b>casein</b> and <b>whey</b>. Casein comprises about 80% of the protein content and is of a solid nature, while whey makes up the remaining 20%, and is in liquid form.
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</p><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xcurds-and-whey.jpg.pagespeed.ic.XS8yIGQx3b.jpg" width="202" alt="Curds and whey separated in jar" title="Curds and whey separated in jar" align="right" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/curds-and-whey.jpg" style="margin-left: 12px; margin-top: 8px">
<p><b>The first step in the process of cheese making is to separate the solid casein from the liquid whey.</b></p><p>The solid and liquid portions of goat milk normally remain homogenized. However, if the pH of the milk is lowered to an acidic level, the solids and liquid portions of the milk will separate or "curdle."</p><p>The image to the right shows this separation in milk that has been cultured with <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/kefir-grains.html">kefir grains</a>.</p><p><em>I'm sure at some time in your life, you've seen curdled milk--either from a forgotten half glass of milk found a day (or weeks...) later, or from trying to add milk to a cooking recipe that was too acidic (sometimes, even coffee). Well, those disgusting chunks in the milk glass, or white dots floating in your coffee, were cheese.</em></p><p><b>There are two basic ways to acidify the milk: (1) by the addition of an acid, such as vinegar or lemon juice, or (2) through the use of bacteria.</b>
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<img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xadd-vinegar-for-ricotta.jpg.pagespeed.ic.sSQ8AAWGsj.jpg" width="163" alt="Adding vinegar to milk to make ricotta" title="Adding vinegar to milk to make ricotta" align="left" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/add-vinegar-for-ricotta.jpg" style="margin-right: 12px; margin-top: 8px">
The use of vinegar and lemon juice has a long history of use in cheese making at home for producing soft, fresh cheeses, such as <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/ricotta-cheese.html">ricotta cheese</a>. This method of acidification is really only suitable for soft cheeses, as it produces a very small curd size.
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<a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-starter-cultures.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xmesophilic.jpg.pagespeed.ic.lody9hZAfY.jpg" alt="Cheese starter cultures from Cultures for Health" title="Get cheese starter cultures from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="right"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/>Most cheeses are produced from milk using <b>bacteria</b> to precipitate the curd. This is accomplished when the bacteria ingest the milk sugar <b>lactose</b>, and convert it into <b>lactic acid</b>. The milk is first warmed slightly to produce conditions that are favorable for the bacteria to thrive.</p><p>Bacteria can be introduced in the process of cheese making through the use of <b>Direct Vat Innoculation (DVI)</b> or with a <b>mother culture</b>. </p><p>DVI cultures are commercial powder preparations containing live bacteria that are introduced directly into the warmed milk. Each DVI packet is used to make one batch of cheese.</p><p>Mother cultures, on the other hand, are made from milk that has been previously cultured with the desired bacteria. Mother cultures have their name from the fact that small amounts can be used to re-culture additional milk, so that the culture replenishes itself naturally.</p><p>For cheese making at home, mother cultures often consist of yogurt or buttermilk.</p><p>By using particular strains of bacteria for this process, the distinctive taste and texture of the cheese can be influenced. <em>(You probably don't want to test the results of the bacteria that caused that curdled milk in the glass!)</em></p><p>The longer the bacteria are left to act upon the milk, the more acidic the solution becomes, producing firmer curds. <em>In fact, the bacteria continue to act slightly as hard cheeses are ripened, reducing the lactose in these cheeses to about 5% or less than that found in milk. This is why hard and semi-hard cheeses are recommended as a viable alternative dairy product for those with <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/lactose-intolerance.html">lactose intolerance</a>.</em>
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<b>If a firm or hard cheese is to be produced, <b>rennet</b> is also added at this point in the process of cheese making to further coagulate the curds.</b><Br><Br><a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/rennet-additives.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xliquid_vegetable_rennet.jpg.pagespeed.ic.VwD82HDVtI.jpg" alt="Liquid rennet from Cultures for Health" title="Get liquid rennet from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="left"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/><a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/rennet-additives.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xvegetable_rennet_tablets.jpg.pagespeed.ic.4BTKu4xn0f.jpg" alt="Rennet tablets from Cultures for Health" title="Get rennet tablets from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="right"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/></p><p><b>Rennet</b> comes in tablet, powder and liquid forms, and is available from animal and non-animal sources. All types of rennet are suitable for cheesemaking. You may wish to try different ones to see if you have a preference.
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</p><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xdraining-cottage-cheese-curds.jpg.pagespeed.ic.Epg4RKyx9D.jpg" width="163" alt="Draining cottage cheese curds" title="Draining cottage cheese curds" align="right" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/draining-cottage-cheese-curds.jpg" style="margin-left: 12px; margin-top: 8px">
<p>After the milk has been sufficiently acidified, the whey is drained from the curds through <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/cheese-cloth.html">cheese cloth</a>. </p><p>Traditionally, the curds are gathered in a ball in the cheese cloth, and hung to drain. This process can take from a few hours up to 24 hours, depending upon whether a moist or a firm cheese is to be made.
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<img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xadding-salt-to-cottage-cheese.jpg.pagespeed.ic.IddrxWD5sC.jpg" width="163" alt="Adding salt to cottage cheese" title="Adding salt to cottage cheese" align="left" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/adding-salt-to-cottage-cheese.jpg" style="margin-right: 12px; margin-top: 8px">
<br><b>For soft cheeses</b>, the curds are then collected from the cheesecloth, and non-iodized salt and/or herbs are mixed in, if desired. Fresh cheeses are stored covered in the refrigerator and usually remain good for 1-2 weeks.
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<a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-making-supplies-books-2.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xDeluxe-Cheese-Press-225px.jpg.pagespeed.ic.PUl-DV6rsD.jpg" alt="Cheesemaking supplies from Cultures for Health" title="Get cheesemaking supplies from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="right"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/><Br><Br><b>For hard cheeses</b>, the next step in the process of cheese making includes pressing the salted curds in a <b>cheese press</b>, like this one from <a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com?a_aid=4fddd13765516" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">Cultures for Health</a>, to drain any remaining whey and to produce a single, formed mass of cheese. Varying weights and times are used during pressing, depending upon the type of cheese being produced.</p><p>After pressing, the lump of cheese is typically air-dried at room temperature for several days. Often, salt is added to the exterior during this time to aid in removing the remaining moisture.
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Some hard cheeses also receive special treatments with herbs or other flavoring agents to produce a unique taste. For example, <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/drunken-goat-cheese.html">drunken goat cheese</a> (below left), is soaked in a wine "bath" that gives it a fruity taste and beautiful purple rind, and <b>Ibores cheese</b> (below right) is rubbed with paprika.
<img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xdrunken-goat-cheese-2.jpg.pagespeed.ic.614fcv4dRJ.jpg" width="163" alt="Drunken goat cheese" title="Drunken goat cheese" align="left" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/drunken-goat-cheese-2.jpg" style="margin-right: 12px; margin-top: 8px">
</p><p align="center"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xibores-cheese.jpg.pagespeed.ic.DsM3yIR8ek.jpg" width="163" alt="Ibores goat cheese" title="Ibores goat cheese" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/ibores-cheese.jpg"></p>
<p>When the cheese is sufficiently dry, it is coated with <b>cheese wax</b> to protect it, and <b>aged</b> for a time period ranging from several weeks to several months. The longer the cheese ages, the sharper the resulting taste.</p><p>During the aging period of the process of cheese making, the temperature and humidity have to be closely monitored and maintained. Most cheeses are aged at between 50° and 60° F, but the requirements vary somewhat with different varieties of cheese.</p><p><b>For ripened and molded cheeses</b>, such as camembert, brie and blue, bacterial/mold solutions are sprayed on the exterior, mixed into the curds, or injected into the cheese during the aging process. The resulting action of the microorganisms on the cheese as it ages results in a distinctive appearance and taste. </p><p>For example, brie and camembert (shown below) develop a fluid consistency with an earthy flavor and a firm outer rind as a result of an application of <em>penicillium candidum</em> to the exterior.
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</p><p align="center"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xcamembert-with-strawberrys.jpg.pagespeed.ic.r8WoQGvXLJ.jpg" width="200" alt="Camembert cheese" title="Camembert cheese" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/camembert-with-strawberrys.jpg"></p>
<p>Blue cheese, on the other hand, develops distinctive blue streaks or spots throughout the cheese from the addition of <em>penicillium</em> cultures to the curds.
</p><p align="center"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xblue-cheese.jpg.pagespeed.ic.rbrld-WseH.jpg" width="163" alt="Montchevre in blue cheese" title="Montchevre in blue cheese" data-pin-media="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/blue-cheese.jpg"></p>
<p><div style="width:550px;height:315px;border:1px solid purple; padding:10px;">
<a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-making-supplies-books-2.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xcheese_book.jpg.pagespeed.ic.UVXw52jhsM.jpg" alt="Home Cheese Making from Cultures for Health" title="Get Home Cheese Making from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="right"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/><em>If you're ready to learn more about making your own cheese, consider adding <b>Home Cheese Making</b> by Ricki Carroll to your library. This is one reference book that I turn to quite often for cheesemaking advice.</p><p><a href="http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-starter-kits.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank"><img src="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/images/xmozzarella_starter_kit.jpg.pagespeed.ic.kNzDtT6dx_.jpg" alt="Cheese starter kits from Cultures for Health" title="Get a cheese starter kit from Cultures for Health" width="225" height="225" align="left"/></a><img style="border:0" src="https://www.culturesforhealth.com/affiliate/scripts/imp.php?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94" width="1" height="1" alt=""/><br><br><br>Want to keep things simple? A <b>cheese starter kit</b> has everything you need to make multiple batches of perfect cheese, and there are thirteen different kits to choose from!<br><br><br></em></p><p></div>
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Whether cheese is made in small batches at home, larger batches in an artisanal shop, or in a modern commercial factory, the basic process is still the same. </p><p>Science and technology have helped formalize parts of the process and tremendously aided the ability to produce consistent results in taste, appearance and texture. </p><p>However, at its core, the process of cheese making remains an artistic endeavor that's best pursued by those who are experts in the the final stage--<b>cheese eating!</b></p><p>Read more about the characteristics and varieties of <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/goat-cheese.html">Goat Cheese</a>, or take a look at <a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/cheese-making-recipes.html">Goat Cheese Making Recipes</a> if you're ready to try your hand at making your own goat cheese!
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<p style="text-align: center"><em>Articles are updated frequently, so check back here for any new information on the process of cheese making!</em></p><p style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/goat-cheese-making.html">Return to Goat Cheese Making<br>from The Process of Cheese Making</a></p><p style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com">Return to Everything Goat Milk </a><br>from The Process of Cheese Making</p><p style="text-align: center"><a href="http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/sitemap.html">View complete article list at our Sitemap</a>
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The Process of Cheese Making
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The Process of Cheese Making
**The process of cheese making** ranges from short and simple, to lengthy and somewhat complex. Regardless of the exact variations required to produce individual types of cheese, however, the basics of cheese making remain the same.Cheese, of course, is made from milk. The most popular types of milk for cheesemaking include cow milk, goat milk and sheep milk. Each kind of milk imparts a unique flavor and texture to the resulting cheese, and some cheeses are strongly associated with a particular kind of milk, such as goat milk with chevre and sheep milk with romano. Despite these traditional associations, however, the basic process of making cheese remains the same across milk varieties, as the compositional structures of the milk are similar. Cheese, also known as **curds**, is composed of the solid portion of milk, which contains fats and proteins. The proteins in milk consist of two types: **casein** and **whey**. Casein comprises about 80% of the protein content and is of a solid nature, while whey makes up the remaining 20%, and is in liquid form.
Curds and whey separated in jar
**The first step in the process of cheese making is to separate the solid casein from the liquid whey.**The solid and liquid portions of goat milk normally remain homogenized. However, if the pH of the milk is lowered to an acidic level, the solids and liquid portions of the milk will separate or "curdle."The image to the right shows this separation in milk that has been cultured with [kefir grains](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/kefir-grains.html).*I'm sure at some time in your life, you've seen curdled milk--either from a forgotten half glass of milk found a day (or weeks...) later, or from trying to add milk to a cooking recipe that was too acidic (sometimes, even coffee). Well, those disgusting chunks in the milk glass, or white dots floating in your coffee, were cheese.***There are two basic ways to acidify the milk: (1) by the addition of an acid, such as vinegar or lemon juice, or (2) through the use of bacteria.**
Adding vinegar to milk to make ricotta
The use of vinegar and lemon juice has a long history of use in cheese making at home for producing soft, fresh cheeses, such as [ricotta cheese](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/ricotta-cheese.html). This method of acidification is really only suitable for soft cheeses, as it produces a very small curd size.
[Cheese starter cultures from Cultures for Health](http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-starter-cultures.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese)Bacteria can be introduced in the process of cheese making through the use of **Direct Vat Innoculation (DVI)** or with a **mother culture**. DVI cultures are commercial powder preparations containing live bacteria that are introduced directly into the warmed milk. Each DVI packet is used to make one batch of cheese.Mother cultures, on the other hand, are made from milk that has been previously cultured with the desired bacteria. Mother cultures have their name from the fact that small amounts can be used to re-culture additional milk, so that the culture replenishes itself naturally.For cheese making at home, mother cultures often consist of yogurt or buttermilk.By using particular strains of bacteria for this process, the distinctive taste and texture of the cheese can be influenced. *(You probably don't want to test the results of the bacteria that caused that curdled milk in the glass!)*The longer the bacteria are left to act upon the milk, the more acidic the solution becomes, producing firmer curds. *In fact, the bacteria continue to act slightly as hard cheeses are ripened, reducing the lactose in these cheeses to about 5% or less than that found in milk. This is why hard and semi-hard cheeses are recommended as a viable alternative dairy product for those with [lactose intolerance](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/lactose-intolerance.html).*
**If a firm or hard cheese is to be produced, **rennet** is also added at this point in the process of cheese making to further coagulate the curds.**[Liquid rennet from Cultures for Health](http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/rennet-additives.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese)**Rennet** comes in tablet, powder and liquid forms, and is available from animal and non-animal sources. All types of rennet are suitable for cheesemaking. You may wish to try different ones to see if you have a preference.
Draining cottage cheese curds
After the milk has been sufficiently acidified, the whey is drained from the curds through [cheese cloth](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/cheese-cloth.html). Traditionally, the curds are gathered in a ball in the cheese cloth, and hung to drain. This process can take from a few hours up to 24 hours, depending upon whether a moist or a firm cheese is to be made.
Adding salt to cottage cheese
**For soft cheeses**, the curds are then collected from the cheesecloth, and non-iodized salt and/or herbs are mixed in, if desired. Fresh cheeses are stored covered in the refrigerator and usually remain good for 1-2 weeks.
[Cheesemaking supplies from Cultures for Health](http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-making-supplies-books-2.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese)After pressing, the lump of cheese is typically air-dried at room temperature for several days. Often, salt is added to the exterior during this time to aid in removing the remaining moisture.
Some hard cheeses also receive special treatments with herbs or other flavoring agents to produce a unique taste. For example, [drunken goat cheese](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/drunken-goat-cheese.html) (below left), is soaked in a wine "bath" that gives it a fruity taste and beautiful purple rind, and **Ibores cheese** (below right) is rubbed with paprika.
Drunken goat cheese
Ibores goat cheese
When the cheese is sufficiently dry, it is coated with **cheese wax** to protect it, and **aged** for a time period ranging from several weeks to several months. The longer the cheese ages, the sharper the resulting taste.During the aging period of the process of cheese making, the temperature and humidity have to be closely monitored and maintained. Most cheeses are aged at between 50° and 60° F, but the requirements vary somewhat with different varieties of cheese.**For ripened and molded cheeses**, such as camembert, brie and blue, bacterial/mold solutions are sprayed on the exterior, mixed into the curds, or injected into the cheese during the aging process. The resulting action of the microorganisms on the cheese as it ages results in a distinctive appearance and taste. For example, brie and camembert (shown below) develop a fluid consistency with an earthy flavor and a firm outer rind as a result of an application of *penicillium candidum* to the exterior.
Camembert cheese
Blue cheese, on the other hand, develops distinctive blue streaks or spots throughout the cheese from the addition of *penicillium* cultures to the curds.
Montchevre in blue cheese
[Home Cheese Making from Cultures for Health](http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-making-supplies-books-2.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese)[Cheese starter kits from Cultures for Health](http://www.culturesforhealth.com/cheese-making/cheese-starter-kits.html?a_aid=4fddd13765516&a_bid=93b6be94;chan=makecheese)
Whether cheese is made in small batches at home, larger batches in an artisanal shop, or in a modern commercial factory, the basic process is still the same. Science and technology have helped formalize parts of the process and tremendously aided the ability to produce consistent results in taste, appearance and texture. However, at its core, the process of cheese making remains an artistic endeavor that's best pursued by those who are experts in the the final stage--**cheese eating!**Read more about the characteristics and varieties of [Goat Cheese](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/goat-cheese.html), or take a look at [Goat Cheese Making Recipes](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/cheese-making-recipes.html) if you're ready to try your hand at making your own goat cheese!
---
*Articles are updated frequently, so check back here for any new information on the process of cheese making!*[Return to Goat Cheese Makingfrom The Process of Cheese Making](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/goat-cheese-making.html)[Return to Everything Goat Milk](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com) from The Process of Cheese Making[View complete article list at our Sitemap](http://www.everything-goat-milk.com/sitemap.html)
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# Joe Harley's Homepage!
[Home](/index.html)
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Hello and welcome to my homepage! Here you can find many interesting things such as my journal (blog), my music, my writing, links to other cool sites/resources and more.
This website is databaseless, javascriptless (almost), and highly minimalist it's pretty much completely static and runs on pure 'artisanal' HTML and CSS hosted via Neocities. If you like this site, please fill in the [Email feedback form](https://tally.so/r/3yX8vg) and share the site with your friends, if you have your own cool website, please consider linking to mine on there!
Cheers,
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Everything on this website for the most part conforms with [David Bryant Copeland's manifesto 'Guidelines for Brutalist Web Design'](https://brutalist-web.design/), with some exceptions I introduced due to disagreements with some of the minutiae of Copeland's manifesto:
* When the relevant image is deemed acceptable (such as, it contains text describing the resource it is linked to, and is small and non-distracting), images can be used as hyperlinks, this mainly applies to to 88x31px 'buttons' from the late 1990s and early 2000s.
* Some minor decoration (such as 88x31px 'buttons' and simple, accessible CSS) is required in most web situations to increase user engagement/interest.
* Some simple, secure, progressively enhanced JavaScript can be beneficial when properly justified. (For example, the services provided by [status.cafe](https://status.cafe), [iMood](https://www.imood.com/) and [piclog](https://piclog.blue), to allow embedded sharing of small documents that can be easily edited when away from a website's host machine, such as via a mobile phone)
---
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<HEAD><TITLE>The Surrealist - Surreal Web Toys and Games</TITLE>
<link rel="shorcut icon" href="/favicon.ico">
<link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS feed of additions to The Surrealist." href="http://surrealbot.livejournal.com/rss"/>
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<BODY>
<h1>thesurrealist.co.uk : less funny the more you reload</h3>
<div class="chunk intro">This was a website of random text generators that ran from 2002 until 2008 or so. It should mostly still work. A few bits
were transformed into Twitter bots later on.</div>
<div class="row">
<div class="column">
<div class="chunk">
<h2>Gibberish Generators</h2>
<dl>
<dt><a href="realitytv.php">The Reality TV Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Text your vote for the most noisy chef to 56433."</dd>
<dt><a href="album">The Wikipedia Album Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"All Commodity Volume, by Jacksonport."</dd>
<dt><a href="standard">The London Evening Standard Headline Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Toxic Wasps - Prepare To Flee."</dd>
<dt><a href="fantasy">Fantasy World News Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Orcish soldiers have sharply increased patrols in Black
Cavern since the spike in sectarian violence, an orcish general said
Thursday, raising questions about the capabilities of kobold forces."</dd>
<dt><a href="scifi.cgi">Sci-Fi News Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Generic Holiday Period on Necros was just another day on
the front lines for the Phogon territories military." <a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/sfnn">@sfnn</a></dd>
<dt><a href="lateral.cgi">Bilateral Thinking Puzzles</a></dt>
<dd>"He climbed on a block of ice which had since
melted."</dd>
<dt><a href="feedback.cgi">eBay Feedback Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Item superlative. Swift to send. Lovely packaging. A
remarkably skillful seller."</dd>
<dt><a href="dalek.cgi">The Surrealist Dalek</a></dt>
<dd>"RE-GURG-I-TATE!"</dd>
<dt><a href="personality.cgi">The Ultimate Personality Test</a></dt>
<dd>"It is more important to spend time with friends than
to deal with unexpected circumstances."</dd>
<dt><a href="sound.cgi">The Sound Effect Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"parp chirrup gurgle (hoot-pssh) wooooh chomp wooooh chomp *BOOF!*" <a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/sfx_fx">@sfx_fx</a></dd>
<dt><a href="sheep.cgi">Sheep Poetry</a></dt>
<dd>"Warm white clouds drift over the mirrors below."</dd>
<dt><a href="24.cgi">24 Dreaming</a></dt>
<dd>"This is the angriest bee of my life."</dd>
<dt><a href="link.cgi">The Surrealist Link</a></dt>
<dd>"You are the mistiest trenchcoat. Goodbye!"</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div align=center>
<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5716051263111352"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<!-- Surrealist Main 2021 -->
<ins class="adsbygoogle"
style="display:block"
data-ad-client="ca-pub-5716051263111352"
data-ad-slot="4203419682"
data-ad-format="auto"
data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins>
<script>
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
</script>
</div>
<div class="chunk">
<h2>Name-Battle Games</h2>
<dl>
<dt><a href=robot>Battle Robots</a></dt>
<dd>"The Surrealist seeks Kittens, runs on Alcohol, and has Three Metal Wheels."</dd>
<dt><a href=monster>Giant Battle Monsters</a></dt>
<dd>"The Surrealist is a Giant Lizard that seeks Nuclear Power
Stations, is in League with Dark Forces and Radioactive, carries a Ray
Gun and eats Rocks."</dd>
<dt><a href=monkey>Food-Eating Battle Monkeys</a></dt>
<dd>"The Surrealist is a Pie-Eating Vampire Monkey. Battle Rating : 4.2."</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div class="chunk">
<h2>Miscellanea</h2>
<dl>
<dt><a href=sensible>The Daily Sensible</a></dt>
<dd>"Dispute over policing comes to sensible ending." <a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/daily_sensible">@daily_sensible</a></dd>
<dt><a href=sexup>The Dossier Sexupifier</a></dt>
<dd>...within 45 minutes.</dd>
<dt><a href=other>Other Listings Magazine</a></dt>
<dd>Viewer-submitted schedules. We Hate 2004.</dd>
<dt><a href=misguide>TV Misguidance</a></dt>
<dd>A game of reconstituted listings.</dd>
<dt><a href=corpses>Exquisite Corpses</a></dt>
<dd>Photoshop foldover picture storage.</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="column">
<div class="chunk">
<h2>Enter-Your-Name Toys</h2>
<dl>
<dt><a href="song.php">The Mutant Song Lyric Quiz</a></dt>
<dd>"Here in my random word, I feel safest of all."</dd>
<dt><a href="shakespeare.php">The Shakespeare Quote Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Et tu, Surrealist?"</dd>
<dt><a href="newyear.php">The New Year's Resolutions of LiveJournal</a></dt>
<dd>"Eat more random words."</dd>
<dt><a href="12days.php">The Twelve Days of LiveJournal</a></dt>
<dd>"Five gi-i-i-iant squid..."</dd>
<dt><a href="christmas.php">The Christmas Song Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Shall I play for you,
pa-rum-pum-pum pum,
on my Surrealist."</dd>
<dt><a href="movie.php">The Movie Quote Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"The Surrealist? Where we're going we don't need the
Surrealist."</dd>
<dt><a href="dungeon.php">LiveJournal Dungeon Adventure</a></dt>
<dd>"You are in an echoing temple. You hear the sound of
random words in the distance."</dd>
<dt><a href="trivia.pl">The Mechanical Contrivium</a></dt>
<dd>"Trivia can only be destroyed by intense heat, and is impermeable even to acid."</dd>
<dt><a href="joke">Bad Joke Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Where does the Surrealist go on holiday?" "New
Surrealand"</dd>
<dt><a href=spamname>What's Your Spammer Name?</a></dt>
<dd>"Buckskin E. Thoriate"</dd>
<dt><a href="disease.cgi">Dr. Unheimlich's Disease Registry</a></dt>
<dd>"Symptoms: cockney accent, ankle swelling, levitation."</dd>
<dt><a href=slang>The Infinite Teen Slang Dictionary</a></dt>
<dd>"What do you think of that girl, girl?" "She's Blair!"</dd>
<dt><a href=lonesome>Lonesome No More!</a></dt>
<dd>"Your new middle name would consist of a noun, the name of
a flower or fruit or nut or vegetable or legume..."</dd>
<dt><a href="priorart.cgi">The Prior-Art-O-Matic</a></dt>
<dd>"It's an answering machine that recites haiku! It tells you when
people are lying." <a class="twitter" href="https://twitter.com/priorartomatic">@priorartomatic</a></dd>
<dt><a href=acro>The Acronym Liar</a></dt>
<dd>"National Arse and Space Arse."</dd>
<dt><a href="slogan.cgi">The Advertising Slogan Generator</a></dt>
<dd>"Snap! Crackle! Pain!"</dd>
</dl>
</div>
<div align=center>
<script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js?client=ca-pub-5716051263111352"
crossorigin="anonymous"></script>
<!-- Surrealist Main 2021 -->
<ins class="adsbygoogle"
style="display:block"
data-ad-client="ca-pub-5716051263111352"
data-ad-slot="4203419682"
data-ad-format="auto"
data-full-width-responsive="true"></ins>
<script>
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
</script>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sfoot">
All original content and concepts from the brains
of <a href="http://kevan.org" class="n">Kevan Davis</a> and/or
<a href="http://severalbees.com" class="n">Holly Gramazio</a></div>
</BODY>
| The Surrealist - Surreal Web Toys and Games
# thesurrealist.co.uk : less funny the more you reload
This was a website of random text generators that ran from 2002 until 2008 or so. It should mostly still work. A few bits
were transformed into Twitter bots later on.
Gibberish Generators
[The Reality TV Generator](realitytv.php)
"Text your vote for the most noisy chef to 56433."
[The Wikipedia Album Generator](album)
"All Commodity Volume, by Jacksonport."
[The London Evening Standard Headline Generator](standard)
"Toxic Wasps - Prepare To Flee."
[Fantasy World News Generator](fantasy)
"Orcish soldiers have sharply increased patrols in Black
Cavern since the spike in sectarian violence, an orcish general said
Thursday, raising questions about the capabilities of kobold forces."
[Sci-Fi News Generator](scifi.cgi)
"Generic Holiday Period on Necros was just another day on
the front lines for the Phogon territories military." [@sfnn](https://twitter.com/sfnn)
[Bilateral Thinking Puzzles](lateral.cgi)
"He climbed on a block of ice which had since
melted."
[eBay Feedback Generator](feedback.cgi)
"Item superlative. Swift to send. Lovely packaging. A
remarkably skillful seller."
[The Surrealist Dalek](dalek.cgi)
"RE-GURG-I-TATE!"
[The Ultimate Personality Test](personality.cgi)
"It is more important to spend time with friends than
to deal with unexpected circumstances."
[The Sound Effect Generator](sound.cgi)
"parp chirrup gurgle (hoot-pssh) wooooh chomp wooooh chomp \*BOOF!\*" [@sfx\_fx](https://twitter.com/sfx_fx)
[Sheep Poetry](sheep.cgi)
"Warm white clouds drift over the mirrors below."
[24 Dreaming](24.cgi)
"This is the angriest bee of my life."
[The Surrealist Link](link.cgi)
"You are the mistiest trenchcoat. Goodbye!"
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
Name-Battle Games
[Battle Robots](robot)
"The Surrealist seeks Kittens, runs on Alcohol, and has Three Metal Wheels."
[Giant Battle Monsters](monster)
"The Surrealist is a Giant Lizard that seeks Nuclear Power
Stations, is in League with Dark Forces and Radioactive, carries a Ray
Gun and eats Rocks."
[Food-Eating Battle Monkeys](monkey)
"The Surrealist is a Pie-Eating Vampire Monkey. Battle Rating : 4.2."
Miscellanea
[The Daily Sensible](sensible)
"Dispute over policing comes to sensible ending." [@daily\_sensible](https://twitter.com/daily_sensible)
[The Dossier Sexupifier](sexup)
...within 45 minutes.
[Other Listings Magazine](other)
Viewer-submitted schedules. We Hate 2004.
[TV Misguidance](misguide)
A game of reconstituted listings.
[Exquisite Corpses](corpses)
Photoshop foldover picture storage.
Enter-Your-Name Toys
[The Mutant Song Lyric Quiz](song.php)
"Here in my random word, I feel safest of all."
[The Shakespeare Quote Generator](shakespeare.php)
"Et tu, Surrealist?"
[The New Year's Resolutions of LiveJournal](newyear.php)
"Eat more random words."
[The Twelve Days of LiveJournal](12days.php)
"Five gi-i-i-iant squid..."
[The Christmas Song Generator](christmas.php)
"Shall I play for you,
pa-rum-pum-pum pum,
on my Surrealist."
[The Movie Quote Generator](movie.php)
"The Surrealist? Where we're going we don't need the
Surrealist."
[LiveJournal Dungeon Adventure](dungeon.php)
"You are in an echoing temple. You hear the sound of
random words in the distance."
[The Mechanical Contrivium](trivia.pl)
"Trivia can only be destroyed by intense heat, and is impermeable even to acid."
[Bad Joke Generator](joke)
"Where does the Surrealist go on holiday?" "New
Surrealand"
[What's Your Spammer Name?](spamname)
"Buckskin E. Thoriate"
[Dr. Unheimlich's Disease Registry](disease.cgi)
"Symptoms: cockney accent, ankle swelling, levitation."
[The Infinite Teen Slang Dictionary](slang)
"What do you think of that girl, girl?" "She's Blair!"
[Lonesome No More!](lonesome)
"Your new middle name would consist of a noun, the name of
a flower or fruit or nut or vegetable or legume..."
[The Prior-Art-O-Matic](priorart.cgi)
"It's an answering machine that recites haiku! It tells you when
people are lying." [@priorartomatic](https://twitter.com/priorartomatic)
[The Acronym Liar](acro)
"National Arse and Space Arse."
[The Advertising Slogan Generator](slogan.cgi)
"Snap! Crackle! Pain!"
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
All original content and concepts from the brains
of [Kevan Davis](http://kevan.org) and/or
[Holly Gramazio](http://severalbees.com)
| https://www.thesurrealist.co.uk/ |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
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<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0">
<meta name="description" content="A frontend to search and browse the Wayback Machine from old browsers">
<title>Wayback Classic</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/styles/style.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="/scripts/html5in4.js"></script>
</head>
<body background="/images/[email protected]">
<h1><a href="/">Wayback Classic</a></h1>
<form action="/cgi-bin/lookup.cgi" method="get">
<label>URL or keywords: <input type="text" name="q"></label>
<input type="hidden" name="utf8" value="✓">
<input type="submit" value="Look Up">
<a href="/search-help.html">Search Help</a>
</form>
<p>A frontend for the <a href="//web.archive.org">Wayback Machine</a> which works on old browsers</p>
<hr>
<p><small>Wayback Classic retrieves data from The Wayback Machine. The Wayback Machine is run by the <a href="//archive.org">Internet Archive</a>. They do amazing work preserving all sorts of things, including the websites you find here. You should consider <a href="//archive.org/donate/">donating</a> to them! Copyright © 2021-2023 Jessica Stokes. <a href="https://github.com/ticky/wayback-classic">Source code available on GitHub</a></small></p>
<a href="//web.archive.org/web/19970220020535/http://www.microsoft.com/ie/download/"><img border="0" src="/images/ie.gif" alt="Microsoft Internet Explorer" height="31" width="88"></a>
<a href="//web.archive.org/web/19970220020535/http://home.netscape.com/comprod/mirror/client_download.html"><img border="0" src="/images/netscape-now.gif" alt="Netscape Now! 3.0" height="31" width="88"></a>
<img border="0" src="/images/dreamcast.gif" alt="Compatible with Dreamcast" height="31" width="88">
<a href="http://the-tech.mit.edu/Projects/Macmade/"><img border="0" src="/images/macmade-wht.gif" alt="Made with Macintosh" height="31" width="88"></a>
<a href="//validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer"><img border="0" src="//www.w3.org/Icons/valid-html401.gif" alt="Valid HTML 4.01 Transitional" height="31" width="88"></a>
</body>
</html>
|
Wayback Classic
# [Wayback Classic](/)
URL or keywords:
[Search Help](/search-help.html)
A frontend for the [Wayback Machine](//web.archive.org) which works on old browsers
---
Wayback Classic retrieves data from The Wayback Machine. The Wayback Machine is run by the [Internet Archive](//archive.org). They do amazing work preserving all sorts of things, including the websites you find here. You should consider [donating](//archive.org/donate/) to them! Copyright © 2021-2023 Jessica Stokes. [Source code available on GitHub](https://github.com/ticky/wayback-classic)
[](//web.archive.org/web/19970220020535/http://www.microsoft.com/ie/download/)
[](//web.archive.org/web/19970220020535/http://home.netscape.com/comprod/mirror/client_download.html)
[](http://the-tech.mit.edu/Projects/Macmade/)
[](//validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer)
| http://wayback-classic.net/ |
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=windows-1252">
<TITLE>The Unofficial Addams Family Web Site</TITLE>
<SCRIPT LANGUAGE = "JavaScript">
browserName = navigator.appName;
browserVer = parseInt(navigator.appVersion);
version = "n2";
if (browserName == "Netscape" && browserVer >= 3) version = "n3";
if (browserName == "Microsoft Internet Explorer" && browserVer >= 3) version = "n3";
if (version == "n3") {
b0on = new Image(25, 150);
b0on.src = "./homebutton25a.jpg";
b0off = new Image(25, 150);
b0off.src = "./homebutton25.jpg";
b1on = new Image(25, 150);
b1on.src = "./cartoonsbutton25a.jpg";
b1off = new Image(25, 150);
b1off.src = "./cartoonsbutton25.jpg";
b2on = new Image(25, 150);
b2on.src = "./tvbutton25a.jpg";
b2off = new Image(25, 150);
b2off.src = "./tvbutton25.jpg";
b3on = new Image(25, 150);
b3on.src = "./moviebutton25a.jpg";
b3off = new Image(25, 150);
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b7off = new Image(25, 150);
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b8on = new Image(25, 150);
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b11on = new Image(25, 150);
b11on.src = "./collectiblesbutton25a.jpg";
b11off = new Image(25, 150);
b11off.src = "./collectiblesbutton25.jpg";
}
function img_act(imgName) {
if (version == "n3") {
imgOn = eval(imgName + "on.src");
document [imgName].src = imgOn;
}
}
function img_inact(imgName) {
if (version == "n3") {
imgOff = eval(imgName + "off.src");
document [imgName].src = imgOff;
}
}
</SCRIPT>
<script language="JavaScript">
<!-- hide this script from non-javascript-enabled browsers
if (document.images) {
}
function di(id,name){
if (document.images) {document.images[id].src=eval(name+".src"); }
}
// function that displays status bar message
function dm(msgStr) {
document.returnValue = false;
if (document.images) {
window.status = msgStr;
document.returnValue = true;
}
}
var showMsg = navigator.userAgent != "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 4.0; Mac_PowerPC)";
function dmim(msgStr) {
document.returnValue = false;
if (showMsg) {
window.status = msgStr;
document.returnValue = true;
}
}
// stop hiding -->
</script>
<base target="_blank">
<script type="text/javascript" src="/show_ads.js"></script>
</HEAD>
<BODY BACKGROUND="http://addamsfamily.com/cm.jpg" BODY BGCOLOR="#000000" text="#ffffff" link="#DDB900" vlink="#aaaaaa" alink="#11ff00">
<META=ADDAMS FAMILY TV ADDAMS FAMILY MOVIE ADDAMS FAMILY SOUNDS ADDAMS FAMILY WAV>
<!EMBED src="addamst.mid" width=0 height=2 autostart=true>
<!bgsound src=addamst.mid loop=infinite>
<CENTER>
<!div align="center">
<center>
<TABLE WIDTH="800" BORDER="0" CELLPADDING="0" height="8109">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="100%" height="534" ALIGN="CENTER">
<TABLE ORDER width="804" height="299" >
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=152 VALIGN=TOP height="60" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" bordercolor="#000000">
<p align="center"><font color="#000000"><b><font size="6"><A NAME="top">News<br>
</a><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/thumbs/news_thm.jpg" width="150" height="110"><br>
</font></b><font size="1">(</font></font><font color="#000000" size="1">Click to
go to story)<br>
</font><b><font color="#000000" size="4">New Finds</font></b>
</P>
<DIV align="left" style="width: 152; height: 407">
<!NEWSa>
<b><font color="#000000" size="2"> </font></b><a href="#newsa" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">21 Chester Place: The Real Addams Family House.<br>
</font></b></a>
<!NEWS0>
<b><font color="#000000" size="2"> </font></b>
<a href="#news0" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">Jib Jab Addams Family<br>
</font></b></a>
<!NEWS1>
<a href="#news1" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">Argyle Sweater Addams Family Cartoon<br>
</font></b></a>
<!NEWS2>
<a href="#news4" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">Google Honors Charles Addams 100th Birthday</font></b></a>
<br>
<!NEWS5>
<br>
<!NEWS6>
<font color="#000000" size="2"><b><a href="#news7" target="_self"><font color="#000000" size="2"><i>Movies & TV:
<br>
</i>
</font></a>
</b>
</font>
<a href="#news2" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">Artwork of Addams Family<br>
</font></b></a>
<a href="#news6" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">Color Photos
from that Addams Family TV Set</font></b></a><font color="#000000" size="2">
<br>
<font color="#000000" size="2">
<!NEWS8>
<b><a href="#news8" target="_self"><font color="#000000" size="2"><br>
<i>Theater:</i><br>
</font></a>
Announcements
<br>
</b>
</font>
</font>
<a href="#news5" target="_self"><b><font color="#000000" size="2">
The Addams Family Musical Hits the Road</font></b></a>
<font color="#000000" size="2">
<b><br>
</b>
<br>
<!BOOKREVIEWS>
<a href="#bookreviews" target="_self"><font color="#000000" size="2"><b><i>Book Reviews:</i>
<br>
New Charles Addams Book
<br>
The Addams Family: Eviloution<br>
</b>
<br>
<b>
A Cartoonist's Life
<br>
by Doug Ogg</b>
</font></a>
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10/28/21</font>
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Please report any broken links to<br>
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Due to spam robots, you will need to copy and paste email addresses.<br>
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<!FIRST ROW>
<!NEWS0>
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<TD WIDTH="100%" height="161">
<p align="center"> </p>
<p align="center"><font size="7" color="#C0C0C0"><a href="https://www.mgm.com/movies/the-addams-family-2">Addams
Family 2</a></font></p>
<p align="center"><a href="https://www.mgm.com/movies/the-addams-family-2"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/Addams%20Family%202%20animated%20cover.jpg" width="715" height="313" alt="Addams Family 2 animated cover.jpg"></a></p>
<p align="center">CAST<br>
Bette Midler, Bill Hader, Charlize Theron, Chloë Grace Moretz, Javon
"Wanna" Walton, Nick Kroll, Oscar Isaac, Snoop Dogg, Wallace
Shawn</p>
<p align="center">Distributed by&: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer <br>
EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS: Kevin Miserocchi, Jonathan Glickman, Cassidy Lange,
Andrew Mittman, Aaron L. Gilbert, and Jason Cloth<br>
PRODUCERS: Gail Berman, Conrad Vernon, Danielle Sterling, and Alison O'Brien<br>
DIRECTED BY: Greg Tiernan, Conrad Vernon</p>
<p align="center">
</TD>
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<TD WIDTH="100%" height="161">
<p align="center"><font size="6" color="#C0C0C0">Collectibles</font><font size="7" color="#C0C0C0"> <br>
<a href="http://https://department56.com/collections/addams-family">Department 56 Addams Family Village<br>
</a></font><a href="https://department56.com/collections/addams-family"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/addams-family-village.jpg" alt="Department 56 Addams Family Village" width="715" height="360"></a>
<br>
<font color="#DDB900" size="4"><br>
</font><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4">
It was 1938 when the Charles Addams cartoon depicting a quirky group, The Addams
Family, first appeared in The New Yorker. In his words, A closely knit
family, the real head being Morticia although each of the others is a
definite character
Gomez and Pugsley are enthusiastic. Morticia is even in
disposition, muted, witty, sometimes deadly. Wednesday is her mothers
daughter. The house is a wreck, of course, but this is a house-proud family
just the same and every trap door is in good repair. Money is no problem.</font><font size="6" color="#C0C0C0">
<br>
<font color="#FFFFFF" size="3">© and Tee and Charles Addams Foundation.</font>
</font>
</p>
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<TD WIDTH="100%" height="60">
<p align="center">
<br>
<font size="6" color="#C0C0C0">Released October 18th, 2019<br>
from MGM Studios & <a href="https://www.cinesite.com/the-addams-family/">Cinesite<br>
</a></font>
<br>
<img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/addams-family-movie-2019.jpg" alt="Addams Family Movie 2019 (animated)" width="715" height="360"><br>
Voice Cast: Charlize Theron, Bette Midler, Oscar Isaac, Chloë Grace Moretz, Nick Kroll, and Finn Wolfhard in The Addams Family (2019)<br>
<br>Distributed by&: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer <br>
Production company: Cinesite; & Nitrogen Studios<br>
Directors: Conrad Vernon & Greg Tiernan<BR>
Executive Producers: Andrew Mittman and
<font color="#DDB900" size="3">Kevin Miserocchi</font>
<BR>
Producers: Conrad Vernon, Gail Berman and Alex Schwartz<BR>
<br>
<font size="3" color="#C0C0C0">Special thanks to: </font><font color="#DDB900" size="3">Kevin Miserocchi Executive Director of the <a href="http://www.addamsfoundation.org">Tee
& Charles Addams Foundation</a></font>
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<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><font color="#C0C0C0"><font size="7"><a href="http://time.com/3763739/addams-family-hopefuls-photos-from-auditions-for-a-classic-tv-show/">Addams
Family Behind the Scenes</a><br>
</font><font size="6">Time Magazine's audition photos.</font></font></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><a href="https://www.life.com/arts-entertainment/addams-family-hopefuls-photos-from-auditions-for-a-classic-tv-show/"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/140911-addams-family-03-Landing%20Page%20Complete.jpg" width="715" height="357" alt="Life Magazine: Addams Family Hopefuls: Photos From Auditions for a Classic TV Show"></a><br>
(click to open a new page)</p>
</center>
</center>
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</p>
<CENTER>
<center>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><font size="7" color="#C0C0C0"><a href="http://www.collinsporthistoricalsociety.com/2015/02/the-morgue-tvs-year-of-monster-1964.html">TV's
Year of the Monster Article<br>
</a></font><a href="http://www.collinsporthistoricalsociety.com/2015/02/the-morgue-tvs-year-of-monster-1964.html"><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4">Aug
21, 1964</font></a><font size="7" color="#C0C0C0"><br>
<img border="0" src="http://1.bp.blogspot.com/-Yd9cw7I3N6U/VN4lAyNXXCI/AAAAAAAAYOU/wr4y-2Zd0a4/s1600/1+-+Copy.jpg" width="698" height="641"></font></p>
</center>
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<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><font color="#C0C0C0" size="6">Addams
Family Pinball Game App</font><font size="3"><br>
Here links to where
people can purchase the table now:<o:p>
</o:p>
</font></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><font size="3"><b>iTunes (iOS):</b> <a href="https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pinball-arcade-free/id497189134?mt=8">https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pinball-arcade-free/id497189134?mt=8<br>
</a><b>Google Play:</b> <a href="https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.farsight.AndroidPinball.javaProject&hl=en">https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.farsight.AndroidPinball.javaProject&hl=en<br>
</a><b>Amazon App Store:</b> <a href="http://www.amazon.com/FarSight-Studios-Pinball-Arcade/dp/B0084HDG8Y">http://www.amazon.com/FarSight-Studios-Pinball-Arcade/dp/B0084HDG8Y<br>
</a><b>Steam (For PC and Mac)</b>: <a href="http://store.steampowered.com/app/238260/">http://store.steampowered.com/app/238260/</a></font></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><span style="mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-fareast-font-family: Calibri; mso-fareast-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Times New Roman; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-bidi; mso-ansi-language: EN-US; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA"><font face="Times New Roman" size="3">PS4
version should be releasing mid March</font></span></p>
<p class="MsoPlainText" align="center"><font size="3">Mike Lindsey<br>
Community Manager|<br>
FarSight Studios</font><o:p>
</p>
</center>
</center>
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</o:p>
</p>
<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="center">
<a name="newsa" href="http://21chesterplace.com/">
<I>
<font size="6">21 Chester Place: The Real Addams Family House<br>
<img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/gomez-in-front-of-house-publicity-photo-for-e2809cthe-addams-familye2809d-show.jpg" width="465" height="594" alt="John Astin as Gomez in front of 21 Chester Place. Publicity photo for the Addams Family TV show circa 1964"></font>
</I>
</a>
</p>
</center>
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</p>
<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="center">
<I>
<font size="6" COLOR="WHITE"><a name="news0" href="https://www.jibjab.com/view/template/the_addams_family">Jib Jab Addams Family Movies Starring You<br>
<img border="0" src="addams/jib-jab-Addams-Family-16x9_casting_card.jpg" width="422" height="221" alt="JibJab.com cast 5 people as the Addams Family"></a></font></I>
</p>
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</p>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="center">
<I><FONT COLOR=WHITE>
<font size="6">
Amazing Sculpture</font><br>
<img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_3_sqthumb.jpg" width="418" height="393"><br>
</font></I>
</p>
<p align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_2_copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_2_thm.jpg" width="152" height="200"></a>
<a href="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_3_copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_3_thumb.jpg" width="121" height="201"></a>
<a href="/addams/morticia_sculpture_makeup_copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_makeup_thumb.jpg" width="154" height="205"></a>
<a href="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_5_copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_5_thumb.jpg" width="107" height="205"></a>
<a href="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_4_copy.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/morticia_sculpture_4_thumb.jpg" width="113" height="204"></a><br>
<font size="5" color="#C0C0C0">Greg Maraio sent these wonderful pictures of a
recently completed <br>
sculpture of Mortica Addams. The likeness is incredible.<br>
The makeup was done by Dash and Dazzle.<br>
</font><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4">Contact Greg at <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></font></p>
<p align="center"> </p>
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<center>
<p align="center"> </p>
<p align="center">
<a name="news1" href="http://www.universaluclick.com/comics/theargylesweater">
<b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><img border="0" src="../addams/addamsfamilycartoonargyle.jpg"><br>
</font><font color="#C0C0C0" size="5">Addams Family Themed Cartoon from<br>
Scott Hilburn's The Argyle Sweater<br>
<br>
</font></b>See more The Argyle Sweater</a>
</center>
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<!NEWS2>
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<p align="center">
<a name="news2">
<b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><img border="0" src="../addams/Bob_Bentovoja.jpg"><br>
</font><font color="#C0C0C0" size="5">Original Art by Bob Bentovoja<br>
<br>
</font></b>Bob worked for the studios during the 1960's and 70's. He produced
works based on many of the TV shows on the air during that period. Thanks to
Greg for connecting with AddamsFamily.Com and bring us a piece of TV
history. <br>
<I>Copyright © Bob Bentovoja</I><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><br>
</font></b><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><br>
</font></b><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="5">Bob also provided information
about the Giraffe in the Suit portrait that hangs on the set. </font></b>
</p>
<p align="center"><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><br>
</a><a href="../addams/portrait1.jpg">
<img src="../addams/portrait1.jpg">
</a>
<br>
The painting was done by Karl Hubenthal.
<p align="center">
Take a look at the
</b>
<b><a href="http://www.bobstaake.com/karl/hubenthal.html"> Karl Hubenthal
site</a>.
</b>
</font><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="1"><br>
(opens in a new window)</font>
</b>
</p>
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<!NEWS3>
<a name="news3">
<hr>
<p align="center">
<font color="#C0C0C0" size="6"><b>YouTube Treasures
</b></font>
</p>
<p align="center">
<font color="#C0C0C0" size="6"><b>Lurch on Batman<br>
</b>
<iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/gT5dzaje1dE" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</font>
</p>
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<!NEWS4>
<a name="news4">
</p>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="center"><b><font size="6" color="#C0C0C0">Google Honors Charles Addams 100th
Birthday</font><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4"><br>
<br>
This doodle ran for 24 hours on January, 7th 2012. The banner appeared on Google's sites in Austrailia, United
States and England.<br>
</font></b>
</p>
</a>
<p align="center"><a href="http://youtu.be/fWYojaKwYD0"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/addams/addams11-hp.jpg" width="478" height="229"><br>
click on image to view an animated video posted on YouTube</a><br>
(opens in new window)<br>
<br>
<br>
<font size="5">Read more:</font><br>
<b>Washington Post: </b><a id="MAA4AEgDUABgAWoCdXM" class="usg-AFQjCNEBpha5rklngWAmRgt7PgvD7j_PBg did-dbd6f5878bbe52b2 article _tracked" href="http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/comic-riffs/post/charles-addams-google-doodle-spooky-addams-family-logo-celebrates-macabre-cartoonist/2012/01/06/gIQAOrCFgP_blog.html" target="_blank"><span class="titletext"><b>CHARLES
ADDAMS GOOGLE DOODLE: Spooky 'Addams Family' logo celebrates macabre
...<br>
</b></span></a><span class="titletext"><b>PC World: <a id="MAA4AEgBUABgAWoCdXM" class="usg-AFQjCNHwKGMu1lLlLimZQQvq2-NaSN06uA did-624349a080523e92 article" href="http://www.pcworld.com/article/247460/google_honors_graveyard_guru_charles_addams_with_doodle.html/" target="_blank">Google
Honors 'Graveyard Guru' Charles Addams With Doodle<br>
</a>Houston Chronicle: <a id="MAA4AEgFUABgAWoCdXM" class="usg-AFQjCNEJ_wOJNQnIxTYi_RmEm6YpqLj67w did-d6e5f45dec2d42d8 article" href="http://www.chron.com/life/article/Addams-Family-plies-its-musical-charms-2445779.php" target="_blank">Addams
Family plies its musical charms<br>
</a>NJ.com: <a class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','','7','AFQjCNHMC3pE4eRkL_zX_8gHrYNfb6a86w','_bptuT7oCdEXBmaKeGUh3A','0CFAQFjAG')" href="http://www.nj.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2012/01/charles_addams_google_doodle.html" id="MAA4AEgFUABgAWoCdXM" target="_blank"><em>Google</em>
salutes cartoonist Charles <em>Addams</em> | NJ.com<br>
</a>Cnet.co.uk: <a class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','','8','AFQjCNHbNnNmQK_AUdGbu12ESVz5-x64CQ','2JSjhhAqj8pwWy06Rmjp9A','0CFkQFjAH')" href="http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/charles-addams-celebrated-with-google-doodle-50006578/">Charles
<em>Addams</em> celebrated with <em>Google doodle</em> | CNET UK<br>
</a>Wired.com: <a class="l" onmousedown="return rwt(this,'','','','13','AFQjCNEan-yUdOPNc0SyOK3VWE8rbxR_OA','DQ24Ygf7XxtBmCR5POOEsA','0CH4QFjAM')" href="http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=13&ved=0CH4QFjAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fgeekdad%2F2012%2F01%2Fgoogle-doodle-charles-addams%2F&ei=PB4JT7DDMpGUtwfU-YjQBg&usg=AFQjCNEan-yUdOPNc0SyOK3VWE8rbxR_OA&sig2=DQ24Ygf7XxtBmCR5POOEsA"><em>Google
Doodle</em> Honors Macabre Cartoonist Charles <em>Addams</em> on His
100th Birthday</a></b></span>
</p>
<p align="center">Search Google: <a href="https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4ADRA_enUS464US464&q=addams+google+doodle">Addams
Google Doodle</a><br>
<br>
AddamsFamily.Com thanks Google and the Tee and Charles Addams
Foundation.
</p>
<div align="center" style="width: 798; height: 23">
<p align="left">
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<p align="left">
</div>
<!NEWS5>
<a name="news5">
<hr>
<p align="center"><b><font color="#C0C0C0" size="4">
The </font>
<font color="#C0C0C0" size="6"> Addams Family Musical<br>
Hits the Road</font></b>
</p>
</a>
<div align="center" style="width: 798; height: 377">
<table border="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" bordercolor="#C0C0C0" bgcolor="#000000">
<tr>
<td width="100%">
<p align="center">
<a href="http://www.theaddamsfamilymusical.com"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/addams/home_bg_tour_sm.jpg" width="486" height="233"></a><p align="center">
<b>
<a href="http://theaddamsfamilymusical.com/">
<font color="#C0C0C0" size="4">
<i>Click here: To view the Tour Schedule </i></font></a></b>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="center">
I recommend that you go to the site for some great historical
information about Charles Addams, the Addams Family and some of
Charles Addams original cartoons. Meet the cast and see
Charles Addams' works presented with narration.</p>
</div>
</center>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">
Return to top</a>
<!NEWS6>
<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<a name="news6">
<h2></a><a title="Permanent Link to Photographer Richard Fish�s widow donates work for Oviatt Library exhibition" href="http://sundial.csun.edu/2011/01/photographer-richard-fishs-widow-donates-work-for-oviatt-library-exhibition/" rel="bookmark">Photographer
Richard Fish's widow donates work for Oviatt Library exhibition</a></h2>
<p align="center">Rare Color Photos of the Addams Family TV Sets</p>
<div id="attachment_35101" class="wp-caption alignright" style="width: 798; height: 331">
<img class="size-medium wp-image-35101" title="Fish 3 ONLINE" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/addams/Fish-3-ONLINE-400x291.jpg" alt width="400" height="291">
<p class="wp-caption-text"><i>The Addams Family set, photographed by Richard
Fish</i></p>
</div>
<p>One of the most popular displays in the exhibit is of the Addams Family set.</p>
<p>�I have seen quite a few students looking up at all the photographs and
especially at the Addams Family photo�s, everybody remembers that show,�
said Marianne Afifi, associate dean at the Oviatt Library.</p>
<p> It has images of the different sets and characters from the
black-and-white TV show. This assignment for TV Guide magazine allowed the
public to see the show in color for the first time.<br>
<br>
Excerpted from the Daily Sundial by <a href="http://sundial.csun.edu/author/marina-d-sandoval/" title="Posts by Marina D. Sandoval">Marina
D. Sandoval</a>, January 27th, 2011<br>
<br>
The Richard Fish exhibit was scheduled to run from Nov. 1, 2010 through January
30th, 2011<br>
</p>
<p><i>Thanks to Robert Stone</i>
<br>
</o:p></p>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
<!NEWS7>
<hr>
<p align="center"><a name="news7" href="../addams/itt.mp3"><font size="6">Cousin
Itt Sounds</font> from <font size="4" color="#FFFFFF">David Robert Wooten<br>
Itt.mp3<br>
</font><font size="4" color="#C0C0C0">Thanks to David for submitting these
samples.</font><o:p>
</a>
</center>
</center>
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<!NEWS8>
<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="center">
<a name="news8"><b><font size="4" color="#C0C0C0">Vic Mizzy, composer of the Addams Family Theme passes at age 93.<br>
</font>
<font color="#C0C0C0" size="3">
October 20, 2009.</font></b></a></p>
<p align="center"><a NAME="news9"><font color="#C0C0C0" size="2">
You may not know Vic Mizzy's name, but you know his works. Vic Mizzy wrote many of the iconic TV themes of the 1960s and 70's.. Perhaps
his most memorable theme song is The Addams Family theme, he also wrote the theme for Green Acres, starring Eddie Albert and Eva
Gabor. Vic Mizzy also scored many of Don Knott's movies. AddamsFamily.Com sends our condolences to the Mizzy family and friends.<br>
<br>
Read his obituary from the LA Times:<br>
</font></a>
<a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-vic-mizzy20-2009oct20,0,1713293.story">http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-vic-mizzy20-2009oct20,0,1713293.story </a></p>
<p align="center">Vic Mizzy Jan. 9, 1916 - Oct. 20, 2009</p>
</center>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
<hr>
<!NEWS9>
<p align="center"><font color="#AAAAAA" size="4">Addams Family Musical
Announcment</font>
<A NAME="news9">
<br>
</a><a href="http://charlesaddams.com"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/broadwaybound.gif" width="190" height="250"></a><font size="4" color="#AAAAAA"><br>
The Tee & Charles Addams Foundation</font>
<font size="5"><br>
</font><a href="http://charlesaddams.com"><font size="4">http://charlesaddams.com<br>
</font></a>
<font size="4">Press release: <a href="http://www.charlesaddams.com/news2.html">http://www.charlesaddams.com/news2.html<br>
</a>Elephant Eye Theatrical <a href="http://www.elephanteye.com/">http://www.elephanteye.com/</a></font>
</p>
<font
<p align="center"><p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
<hr>
<!NEWS_NO_LINK>
<p align="center"><font color="#AAAAAA" size="3">
<br>
</font><font color="#AAAAAA" size="3">
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/Addams-Family-Complete/dp/B000V3JGIS/ref=sr_1_5/002-3666086-0934452?ie=UTF8&s=dvd&qid=1191903848&sr=1-5"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/addamsboxsetsm.jpg" width="90" height="121"></a></font>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" width="40%">
<tr>
<td width="50%" align="center"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/addamsvol1sm.jpg" width="96" height="133"></td>
<td width="50%" align="center"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/addamsvol2sm.jpg" width="93" height="129"></td>
<td width="50%" align="center"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/addamsvol3sm.jpg" width="96" height="132"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="50%" align="center">volume 1</td>
<td width="50%" align="center">volume 2</td>
<td width="50%" align="center">volume 3</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="center">Check your local video store
<p align="center"><font size="5">Addams Family DVD Set Details
<BR></font><font size="3"><I>Updated 08/07/06<br>
<br>
</I><b>The Addams Family TV Series has been released in 3 volumes. You can buy them individually or as a box set.<br>
The first volume will contain 20-22 episodes and a bonus disc.<br>
Look for Volume 1 to be release Tuesday, October 24th.<br>
<br>
</b></font><font size="4">The Addams Family TV series will be on DVD.<br>
These will be the <u>only</u> officially licensed set of DVDs.<br>
</font><font size="5"><br>
</font><font size="3">If you find DVDs available on the web, please notify <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>
or the Tee & Charles Addams Foundation at <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="4">Thanks to Joseph Van Patten and to the</font></p>
<p align="left"><a href="http://www.addamsfoundation.org" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/5a1ece0212abd9cbfe3cf575/1512053539541-UC8PMQKAYL6CA90TMTB0/hp_01.jpg?content-type=image%2Fjpeg" alt="Tee & Charles Addams Foundation Home Page graphic"></a></p>
<p align="center"><font size="4">Enter the Gift Shop</font></p>
<p align="center"><a href="http://www.charlesaddams.com/giftshop.html" target="_blank"><font size="4">http://www.charlesaddams.com/giftshop.html</font></a></p>
</center>
<p align="center"><font size="4">and show your appreciation of Charles
Addams' work.
</font></p>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
</p>
<CENTER>
<hr>
<p align="center">
<FONT COLOR=WHITE><IMG SRC="http://addamsfamily.com/update.gif" width="75" height="18">
08/27/06</font><b><font size="6"><A NAME="news8"><br>
Addams Family DVD Publicity Photos </a> </font></b>
</P>
<div align="center">
<table border="0" width="50%">
<tr>
<td width="25%" colspan="2"><b><font size="6"><a href="http://www.addamsfamily.com/dvd/addams01.jpg" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/family02.jpg" width="128" height="154"></a></font></b></td>
<td width="25%" colspan="2"><b><font size="6"><a href="dvd/addams02.jpg" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="mortic02.jpg" width="100" height="155"></a></font></b></td>
<td width="25%" colspan="2"><b><font size="6"><a href="http://www.addamsfamily.com/dvd/addams03.jpg" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/gomez01.jpg" width="110" height="155"></a></font></b></td>
<td width="25%" colspan="2"><b><font size="6"><a href="http://www.addamsfamily.com/dvd/addams04.jpg" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="fester02.jpg" width="100" height="157"></a></font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="4">Family </font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="4">Morticia</font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="4">Gomez</font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="4">Fester</font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="2">2498x3002
656k</font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="2">2186x3050
451k</font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="2">2173x3058
478k</font></b></td>
<td width="25%" align="center" colspan="2"><b><font size="2">2450x2865
353k</font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%" align="center" colspan="8">Avatars</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="13%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/addamsfamily.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/addamsfamily.bmp" alt="Addams Family" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="12%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/gomez.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/gomez.bmp" alt="Gomez" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="13%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/morticia.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/morticia.bmp" alt="Morticia" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="12%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/fester.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/fester.bmp" alt="Fester" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="13%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/lurch.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/lurch.bmp" alt="Lurch" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="12%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/pugsley.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/pugsley.bmp" alt="Pugsley" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="13%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/wednesday.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/wednesday.bmp" alt="Wednesday" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
<td width="12%" align="center"><a href="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/thing.bmp"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/thing.bmp" lowsrc="http://addamsfamily.com/buddyicons/thing.bmp" alt="Thing" width="48" height="48"></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="center"><font size="3">These are high quality scans that
have been provided by Fox Home Entertainment.<br>
Please do not distribute, sell, reprint, or otherwise use these
images for any commercial purposes without the express permission
of Fox Home Entertainment.<br>
<br>
They are intended for the personal enjoyment of Addams Family
fans.<br>
<br>
Thank you to Fox Home Entertainment for providing these images<br>
<br>
For rights and permissions contact:<br>
<br>
Fox Home Entertainment<br>
2121 Avenue of the Stars, #3047<br>
Los Angeles, CA 90067</font>
</P>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
</center>
<CENTER>
<center>
<hr>
<p align="left"><b>Book News & Reviews</b></p>
<!BOOKREVIEWS>
<p align="center"><b><font color="#c0c0c0" size="5">
<a name="bookreviews">
New Book
<br>
The Addams Family: Eviloution
</a>
</font></b>
<br>
<a href="http://pomegranate.stores.yahoo.net/a180.html"><img src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/addams/pomegranate_cover.jpg" border="0" width="281" height="350">
</a><a href="http://pomegranate.stores.yahoo.net/a180.html" target="_blank"><br>
<font size="4"><b>Pomegranate Press</b></font></a>
<p align="center"><font size="3">
<!BOOKREVIEWS>
<br>
<A NAME="news11">Doug Ogg of </font></a><font size="3"><a href="http://www.oggsworld.com/" target="_blank">
Ogg's World</a> (click to visit Ogg's World) <a href="bookreview.html"><br>
Has written a review of a new biography of </a><a NAME="" href="addams/cover%20Addams.jpg"><br>
Charles
Addams by Linda H. Davis<br>
</a></font><font size="3" <p align="center">
<a NAME="news11" href="addams/cover%20Addams.jpg"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/cover_Addams_thm.jpg" lowsrc="Charles%20Addams%20Bio%20Cover%20Thumb" alt="Charles Addams biography cover thumbnail" width="156" height="237"></a></font><font size="3"><a NAME="news6" href="addams/cover%20Addams.jpg"><br>
Click to view the cover (1MB
graphic)</a></font><font size="3" <p align="center">
<a NAME="search" href="addams/cover%20Addams.jpg"><br>
</a></font><p align="center"><font size="3"><IMG SRC="http://addamsfamily.com/thingbox.gif" align="absmiddle" width="85" height="67"><a href="bookreview.html"> Read
Doug's Review<br>
</a>
I finished reading it and I recommend it to all Addams Family
fans.<br>
- Jon Davis, Webmaster, AddamsFamily.Com</font><p align="center"><font size="3"><a href="http://odeo.com/audio/2237095/view">Listen
to an interview with Linda H. Davis conducted for Afternoon Magazine on WILL-AM
radio.</a> 10/24/06</font>
<p align="left">
<a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
</center>
</center>
</font>
<tr>
<td width="100%" align="center" height="182">
<TABLE WIDTH="792" BORDER=0 height="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
<tr>
<TBODY>
<form method=POST action="http://www.addamsfamily.com/cgi-bin/search.cgi">
<TR>
<td width="209" valign="middle" height="14" align="center"><H2 align="center"><FONT COLOR="#DDB900">Got
Trivia?<br>
<A NAME="search">Ask Thing!</A></font></H2><td valign="top" colspan="3" width="569" align="center" height="14">
<p align="center">
<IMG SRC="http://addamsfamily.com/thingbox.gif" align="middle" width="85" height="67"> <INPUT TYPE=TEXT NAME="terms" SIZE=40>
<BR>
<INPUT TYPE=SUBMIT VALUE="Search"> <input type="RESET" value="Clear">
</TR>
<TR>
<TH valign="middle" width="209" height="34"><tt>Option:</tt> </TH>
<TD valign="middle" width="115" height="34">
<p align="center"><TT><INPUT TYPE=RADIO NAME="boolean" VALUE="OR" CHECKED>
Or <BR>
<INPUT TYPE=RADIO NAME="boolean" VALUE="AND">
And</TT></p>
</TD>
<TD valign="middle" width="126" height="34"><TT><b>Case:</b></font></TT>
</TD>
<TD valign="middle" width="316" height="34"><TT><INPUT TYPE=RADIO NAME="case" VALUE="Insensitive" CHECKED>
Insensitive<BR>
<INPUT TYPE=RADIO NAME="case" VALUE="Sensitive">
Sensitive</TT></font>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD COLSPAN=4 width="784" height="1" align="center">
<p align="center"><B>
Searching for "Fester" or "Addams" will yield a large
number of results. Most things can be found in the <A HREF="./addams03.html">FAQ</A>
and the <A HREF="./addams02.html"> History</A> pages.</B>
</p>
</TD>
</TABLE>
</tr>
<CENTER>
<!/div>
</center>
</TABLE>
<!div align="center">
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=0 CELLPADDING="0" cellspacing="0" height="1" ALIGN="CENTER">
<tr>
<td align="center" width="100%" height="1702">
<TABLE BORDER=0 width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" height="1">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="100%" align="center" height="704">
<div align="center">
<center>
<table border="3" width="100%" height="581">
<tr>
<TD width="100%" align="center" valign="top" height="397"><h4><B>
</b>
<br>
<A NAME="news5">
<font
<p align="center"><font size="4"><b>M&Ms </b> commercial uses <b>The Addams Family</b>
to promote M&Ms dark chocolate.</font> <br>
</font></a>
<font
<p align="center"><a href="http://us.mms.com/us/dark/"><br>
</a><a href="http://www.adweek.com/video/mms-addams-family-123405?auto"><img border="0" src="http://www.addamsfamily.com/thumbs/m&mdarkframesm.jpg" width="320" height="240"></a><a href="http://us.mms.com/us/dark/" target="_blank"><br>
M&M's Dark TV ad<br>
</a><font size="1">used with permisssion</font>
</font>
<B></h4>
</center>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
</b>
</p>
</TD>
</tr>
<center>
<tr>
<td width="100%" height="172" align="center">
<H1 align="center">
Addams Family Movie <br>
<a href= "#" onClick="window.open('http://addamsfamily.com/addams/addamstrain1.jpg','trainlayout', 'toolbar=no,width=557,height=265,left=0,top=0,screenX=0,screenY=0,status=no,scrollbars=yes,resize=yes');return false" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Addams Family Movie Train Layout'); return true;">
<img border="1" src="http://addamsfamily.com/addams/addamstrain1.jpg" alt="Addams Family Movie Train Layout" width="521" height="233"></A>
<br>
Train Layout</H1>
<nobr>
Thanks to Mr. Monster for providing this image.<br>
Click on the image to open in a new window
</nobr>
</center>
<p align="left"><a href="#top" target="_self">Return to top</a>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</TD>
</TR>
<td align="center" width="100%" height="400">
<TABLE Border="3" width="100%">
<CENTER>
<tr>
<TD WIDTH="100%" align="center" height="38">
<B><FONT COLOR=#BAED12>
</font></b><IMG border=0 align=middle SRC= "http://addamsfamily.com/mail.gif" width="34" height="34" ><B><FONT COLOR=#BAED12>E-Mail
<a HREF="mailto:[email protected]">Felix Silla</a> (Cousin Itt) of the Original Addams Family. <br>
<a HREF="http://www.felixsilla.com/" TARGET="_top" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Felix Sillas Website'); return true;">Felix Silla's Website</font></a> <FONT COLOR=#BAED12><a HREF="http://www.felixsilla.com/" TARGET="_top" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Felix Sillas - [Cousin Itt] Website'); return true;"><img SRC="http://addamsfamily.com/thumbs/felixsilla_s.jpg" TARGET="_top" border="0" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('The Worlds of Felix Silla'); return true;" http://www.felixsilla.com" align="middle" width="74" height="50">
The Worlds of Felix Silla</a></font></b>
</TD>
</TR>
<tr>
<TD WIDTH="811" align="center" height="39">
<b>Nicole Fugere, Michael Roberds, and Ken Weatherwax have closed their E-Mail accounts.</b>
</TD>
</tr>
</TABLE>
</center>
<!div align="center">
<center>
<TABLE WIDTH="100%" BORDER=3 cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" height="1">
<tr>
<TD WIDTH="100%" height="77">
<p align="center">
<b>A bio of <a href= "#" onClick="window.open('http://westfieldnj.com/addams/','westfieldnj', 'toolbar=no,left=0,top=0,screenX=0,screenY=0,status=no,scrollbars=yes,resize=yes');return false"> Charles Addams </A> Written by Ron
MacCloskey, from Westfield, New Jersey, Charles Addams home town.</b><NOBR><br>
Opens in a new window.
</p>
</nobr>
</TD>
</tr>
<tr>
<TD width="100%" 13" height="157">
<p align="center"><b><A HREF="http://www.igtonline.com/megajackpots/new_games/addams.html">Addams Family Video Slot Machine</A><BR>
<font size="3"> from International Game Technology (IGT).</font>
</b>
</p>
<p align="center"><b>
IGT has released a new Video Slot Machine based on the Original series. Look for it on your next trip to Las Vegas, Atlantic City or where ever gambling in legal. I'd love to have one for my game room.<br>
</b>
</TD>
</tr>
<tr>
<TD width="100%" height="1">
<B>
<p align="center">Rate The Unofficial Addams Family World Wide Web Site at<A HREF="http://www.zeal.com"> Zeal.Com</A> </p>
</b>
</TD>
</tr>
</TABLE>
</center>
<!/div>
<TR>
<td height="197" width="100%" align="center">
<!/TABLE>
<!/div>
<CENTER>
<!div align="center">
<center>
<table width="100%" height="1" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
</center></center>
<td width="100%" height="1" >
<!div align="center" style="width: 603; height: 1161">
<TABLE BORDER=3 CELLPADDING=0 height="1" ALIGN="CENTER" width="100%" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td height="1" width="100%" align="center">
<!div align="center">
<TABLE Border=0 cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="797" ALIGN="center" height="1">
<tr>
<TD WIDTH=288 ALIGN=left VALIGN=TOP height="1">
<p align="center">
<A HREF="http://www.addamsfamilyreunion.com"><IMG SRC="http://addamsfamily.com/thumbs/addamsbanner.jpg" ALT="AddamsFamilyReunion.Com" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Warner Brothers Site - Clips, Games, Sounds, etc.'); return true;" align="middle" width="234" height="60"></A></p>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=314 ALIGN=center VALIGN=TOP height="1">
<font size="6"><b>Addams Family Reunion</b></font>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=189 ALIGN=right VALIGN=TOP height="1" rowspan="2">
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<STRONG>Pages</STRONG><BR>
|<A HREF="./cartoon.html" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Cartoon Page'); return true;">Cartoons</A>|<A HREF="./addams01.html" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('Classic TV Series'); return true;">TV Series</A>|<A HREF="./movie.html" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('The Addams Family & Addams Family Values Movies'); return true;">Movies</A>|<A HREF="./sights.html" onmouseout="dm(''); return true;" onmouseover="dm('The Addams Family Photo Album'); return true;">TV Sights</A>|
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<I>Copyright © 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004;2010<br>
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The Unofficial Addams Family Web Site
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| | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **News**(Click to
go to story)
**New Finds**
[**21 Chester Place: The Real Addams Family House.**](#newsa)
[**Jib Jab Addams Family**](#news0)
[**Argyle Sweater Addams Family Cartoon**](#news1)
[**Google Honors Charles Addams 100th Birthday**](#news4)
**[*Movies & TV:*](#news7)**
[**Artwork of Addams Family**](#news2)
[**Color Photos
from that Addams Family TV Set**](#news6)
**[*Theater:*](#news8)
Announcements**
[**The Addams Family Musical Hits the Road**](#news5)
[***Book Reviews:*
New Charles Addams Book
The Addams Family: Eviloution**
**A Cartoonist's Life
by Doug Ogg**](#bookreviews)
|
10/28/21
*Please report any broken links to
[email protected]
Due to spam robots, you will need to copy and paste email addresses.
Thank you for your patience.*
| [Home](./index.html)
[Cartoons](./cartoon.html)
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[TV Pictures](./sights.html)
[Movie Pictures](./sights.html)
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[History of the Addams Family](./addams02.html)
[Frequently Asked Questions](./addams03.html)
[Search](#search)
[Links](./links.html)
[Collectibles](collectibles.html) |
|
|
[Addams
Family 2](https://www.mgm.com/movies/the-addams-family-2)
[Addams Family 2 animated cover.jpg](https://www.mgm.com/movies/the-addams-family-2)
CAST
Bette Midler, Bill Hader, Charlize Theron, Chloë Grace Moretz, Javon
"Wanna" Walton, Nick Kroll, Oscar Isaac, Snoop Dogg, Wallace
Shawn
Distributed by&: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
EXECUTIVE PRODUCERS: Kevin Miserocchi, Jonathan Glickman, Cassidy Lange,
Andrew Mittman, Aaron L. Gilbert, and Jason Cloth
PRODUCERS: Gail Berman, Conrad Vernon, Danielle Sterling, and Alison O'Brien
DIRECTED BY: Greg Tiernan, Conrad Vernon
|
|
|
| Collectibles
[Department 56 Addams Family Village](http://https://department56.com/collections/addams-family)[Department 56 Addams Family Village](https://department56.com/collections/addams-family)
It was 1938 when the Charles Addams cartoon depicting a quirky group, The Addams
Family, first appeared in The New Yorker. In his words, A closely knit
family, the real head being Morticia although each of the others is a
definite character
Gomez and Pugsley are enthusiastic. Morticia is even in
disposition, muted, witty, sometimes deadly. Wednesday is her mothers
daughter. The house is a wreck, of course, but this is a house-proud family
just the same and every trap door is in good repair. Money is no problem.
© and Tee and Charles Addams Foundation.
[Return to top](#top)
||
Released October 18th, 2019
from MGM Studios & [Cinesite](https://www.cinesite.com/the-addams-family/)
Addams Family Movie 2019 (animated)
Voice Cast: Charlize Theron, Bette Midler, Oscar Isaac, Chloë Grace Moretz, Nick Kroll, and Finn Wolfhard in The Addams Family (2019)
Distributed by&: Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Production company: Cinesite; & Nitrogen Studios
Directors: Conrad Vernon & Greg Tiernan
Executive Producers: Andrew Mittman and
Kevin Miserocchi
Producers: Conrad Vernon, Gail Berman and Alex Schwartz
Special thanks to: Kevin Miserocchi Executive Director of the [Tee
& Charles Addams Foundation](http://www.addamsfoundation.org)
[Return to top](#top)
|
| [Addams
Family Behind the Scenes](http://time.com/3763739/addams-family-hopefuls-photos-from-auditions-for-a-classic-tv-show/)
Time Magazine's audition photos.
[Life Magazine: Addams Family Hopefuls: Photos From Auditions for a Classic TV Show](https://www.life.com/arts-entertainment/addams-family-hopefuls-photos-from-auditions-for-a-classic-tv-show/)
(click to open a new page)
[Return to top](#top)
[TV's
Year of the Monster Article](http://www.collinsporthistoricalsociety.com/2015/02/the-morgue-tvs-year-of-monster-1964.html)[Aug
21, 1964](http://www.collinsporthistoricalsociety.com/2015/02/the-morgue-tvs-year-of-monster-1964.html)
[Return to top](#top)
---
Addams
Family Pinball Game App
Here links to where
people can purchase the table now:
**iTunes (iOS):** <https://itunes.apple.com/us/app/pinball-arcade-free/id497189134?mt=8>**Google Play:** <https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.farsight.AndroidPinball.javaProject&hl=en>**Amazon App Store:** <http://www.amazon.com/FarSight-Studios-Pinball-Arcade/dp/B0084HDG8Y>**Steam (For PC and Mac)**: <http://store.steampowered.com/app/238260/>
PS4
version should be releasing mid March
Mike Lindsey
Community Manager|
FarSight Studios
[Return to top](#top)
---
[*21 Chester Place: The Real Addams Family House
John Astin as Gomez in front of 21 Chester Place. Publicity photo for the Addams Family TV show circa 1964*](http://21chesterplace.com/)
[Return to top](#top)
---
*[Jib Jab Addams Family Movies Starring You
JibJab.com cast 5 people as the Addams Family](https://www.jibjab.com/view/template/the_addams_family)*
[Return to top](#top)
---
*Amazing Sculpture*
Greg Maraio sent these wonderful pictures of a
recently completed
sculpture of Mortica Addams. The likeness is incredible.
The makeup was done by Dash and Dazzle.
Contact Greg at [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
[Return to top](#top)
[**Addams Family Themed Cartoon from
Scott Hilburn's The Argyle Sweater**See more The Argyle Sweater](http://www.universaluclick.com/comics/theargylesweater)
[Return to top](#top)
|
|
**Original Art by Bob Bentovoja**Bob worked for the studios during the 1960's and 70's. He produced
works based on many of the TV shows on the air during that period. Thanks to
Greg for connecting with AddamsFamily.Com and bring us a piece of TV
history.
*Copyright © Bob Bentovoja***Bob also provided information
about the Giraffe in the Suit portrait that hangs on the set.**
**The painting was done by Karl Hubenthal.
Take a look at the**
**[Karl Hubenthal
site](http://www.bobstaake.com/karl/hubenthal.html).**
**(opens in a new window)**
[Return to top](#top)
---
**YouTube Treasures**
**Lurch on Batman**[Return to top](#top)
---
**Google Honors Charles Addams 100th
Birthday
This doodle ran for 24 hours on January, 7th 2012. The banner appeared on Google's sites in Austrailia, United
States and England.**
[click on image to view an animated video posted on YouTube](http://youtu.be/fWYojaKwYD0)
(opens in new window)
Read more:
**Washington Post:** [**CHARLES
ADDAMS GOOGLE DOODLE: Spooky 'Addams Family' logo celebrates macabre
...**](http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/comic-riffs/post/charles-addams-google-doodle-spooky-addams-family-logo-celebrates-macabre-cartoonist/2012/01/06/gIQAOrCFgP_blog.html)**PC World: [Google
Honors 'Graveyard Guru' Charles Addams With Doodle](http://www.pcworld.com/article/247460/google_honors_graveyard_guru_charles_addams_with_doodle.html/)Houston Chronicle: [Addams
Family plies its musical charms](http://www.chron.com/life/article/Addams-Family-plies-its-musical-charms-2445779.php)NJ.com: [*Google*
salutes cartoonist Charles *Addams* | NJ.com](http://www.nj.com/entertainment/index.ssf/2012/01/charles_addams_google_doodle.html)Cnet.co.uk: [Charles
*Addams* celebrated with *Google doodle* | CNET UK](http://crave.cnet.co.uk/software/charles-addams-celebrated-with-google-doodle-50006578/)Wired.com: [*Google
Doodle* Honors Macabre Cartoonist Charles *Addams* on His
100th Birthday](http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&frm=1&source=web&cd=13&ved=0CH4QFjAM&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2Fgeekdad%2F2012%2F01%2Fgoogle-doodle-charles-addams%2F&ei=PB4JT7DDMpGUtwfU-YjQBg&usg=AFQjCNEan-yUdOPNc0SyOK3VWE8rbxR_OA&sig2=DQ24Ygf7XxtBmCR5POOEsA)**
Search Google: [Addams
Google Doodle](https://www.google.com/search?sourceid=navclient&ie=UTF-8&rlz=1T4ADRA_enUS464US464&q=addams+google+doodle)
AddamsFamily.Com thanks Google and the Tee and Charles Addams
Foundation.
[Return to top](#top)
---
**The
Addams Family Musical
Hits the Road**
| |
| --- |
|
**[*Click here: To view the Tour Schedule*](http://theaddamsfamilymusical.com/)**
|
I recommend that you go to the site for some great historical
information about Charles Addams, the Addams Family and some of
Charles Addams original cartoons. Meet the cast and see
Charles Addams' works presented with narration.
[Return to top](#top)
---
[Photographer
Richard Fish's widow donates work for Oviatt Library exhibition](http://sundial.csun.edu/2011/01/photographer-richard-fishs-widow-donates-work-for-oviatt-library-exhibition/ "Permanent Link to Photographer Richard Fish�s widow donates work for Oviatt Library exhibition")
Rare Color Photos of the Addams Family TV Sets
*The Addams Family set, photographed by Richard
Fish*
One of the most popular displays in the exhibit is of the Addams Family set.
�I have seen quite a few students looking up at all the photographs and
especially at the Addams Family photo�s, everybody remembers that show,�
said Marianne Afifi, associate dean at the Oviatt Library.
It has images of the different sets and characters from the
black-and-white TV show. This assignment for TV Guide magazine allowed the
public to see the show in color for the first time.
Excerpted from the Daily Sundial by [Marina
D. Sandoval](http://sundial.csun.edu/author/marina-d-sandoval/ "Posts by Marina D. Sandoval"), January 27th, 2011
The Richard Fish exhibit was scheduled to run from Nov. 1, 2010 through January
30th, 2011
*Thanks to Robert Stone*
[Return to top](#top)
---
[Cousin
Itt Sounds from David Robert Wooten
Itt.mp3
Thanks to David for submitting these
samples.](../addams/itt.mp3)
[Return to top](#top)
---
**Vic Mizzy, composer of the Addams Family Theme passes at age 93.
October 20, 2009.**
You may not know Vic Mizzy's name, but you know his works. Vic Mizzy wrote many of the iconic TV themes of the 1960s and 70's.. Perhaps
his most memorable theme song is The Addams Family theme, he also wrote the theme for Green Acres, starring Eddie Albert and Eva
Gabor. Vic Mizzy also scored many of Don Knott's movies. AddamsFamily.Com sends our condolences to the Mizzy family and friends.
Read his obituary from the LA Times:
<http://www.latimes.com/news/obituaries/la-me-vic-mizzy20-2009oct20,0,1713293.story>
Vic Mizzy Jan. 9, 1916 - Oct. 20, 2009
[Return to top](#top)
---
Addams Family Musical
Announcment
The Tee & Charles Addams Foundation
<http://charlesaddams.com>
Press release: <http://www.charlesaddams.com/news2.html>Elephant Eye Theatrical <http://www.elephanteye.com/>
[Return to top](#top)
---
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | |
| volume 1 | volume 2 | volume 3 |
Check your local video store
Addams Family DVD Set Details
*Updated 08/07/06***The Addams Family TV Series has been released in 3 volumes. You can buy them individually or as a box set.
The first volume will contain 20-22 episodes and a bonus disc.
Look for Volume 1 to be release Tuesday, October 24th.**The Addams Family TV series will be on DVD.
These will be the only officially licensed set of DVDs.
If you find DVDs available on the web, please notify [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
or the Tee & Charles Addams Foundation at [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
Thanks to Joseph Van Patten and to the
[Tee & Charles Addams Foundation Home Page graphic](http://www.addamsfoundation.org)
Enter the Gift Shop
<http://www.charlesaddams.com/giftshop.html>
and show your appreciation of Charles
Addams' work.
[Return to top](#top)
---
08/27/06**Addams Family DVD Publicity Photos**
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | | | |
| **Family** | **Morticia** | **Gomez** | **Fester** |
| **2498x3002
656k** | **2186x3050
451k** | **2173x3058
478k** | **2450x2865
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**Book News & Reviews**
**New Book
The Addams Family: Eviloution**
[**Pomegranate Press**](http://pomegranate.stores.yahoo.net/a180.html)
Doug Ogg of[Ogg's World](http://www.oggsworld.com/) (click to visit Ogg's World) [Has written a review of a new biography of](bookreview.html)[Charles
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[Read
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I finished reading it and I recommend it to all Addams Family
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| **Nicole Fugere, Michael Roberds, and Ken Weatherwax have closed their E-Mail accounts.** |
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**A bio of [Charles Addams](#) Written by Ron
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Opens in a new window.
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from International Game Technology (IGT).**
**IGT has released a new Video Slot Machine based on the Original series. Look for it on your next trip to Las Vegas, Atlantic City or where ever gambling in legal. I'd love to have one for my game room.**
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<p align="center"><font color="#CCFF99"> <i>Dhammatalks.net was created to compile the Dhamma teachings for sharing and to prolong the Buddhasāsana
by release.<br>
In one's effort in the practice of the releasing Truth as realised & taught by the Sammasambuddha, <br>
please dedicate one's merits and virtues
straightforwardly towards this same realisation. May there arise the wisdom
that truly penetrates in the attainment of Nibbana. <br>
Idam me puññam asavakkhaya'vaham hotu. Idam me sīlam magga-phala-ñanassa
paccayo hotu.</i></font><p align="center"><font color="#CCFF99" face="Times New Roman"><i>
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<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven <a name="Chah">Ajahn </a> <br>
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The Words</font></a></font></li>
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<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Living_Dhamma.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Living Dhamma</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Living_in_the_World_with_Dhamma.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Living in
the World with Dhamma</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Chah_Living_With_the_Cobra.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Living With the
Cobra</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Making_the_Heart_Good.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Making the Heart Good</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Meditation</font></a></li>
<li>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: 400">
<font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Chah_Monastery_of_Confusion.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Monastery of
Confusion</font></a></font></span></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_No_Ajahn_Chah.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">No Ajahn Chah</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Our_Real_Home.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Our Real Home</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
</font>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Q_and_A.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Questions and Answers with Ajahn
Chah</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Reading_the_Natural_Mind.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Reading the
Natural Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books13/Ajahn_Chah's-Life_Birth-Old-age-Sickness-Death.pps">
<font face="Timesa" color="#FFFFFF">Remembering </font></a>
<font face="Timesa" color="#FFFFFF">A<a href="Books13/Ajahn_Chah's-Life_Birth-Old-age-Sickness-Death.pps"><font color="#FFFFFF">jahn
Chah - Birth, Old Age, Sickness & Death</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Remembrances_of_His_Western_Students.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Remembrances of His Western Students</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa"><a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Right_Restraint.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Right
Restraint</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Samma_Samadhi.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Samma Samadhi</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_SEEING_THE_WAY.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Seeing the Way</font></a></li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Still_Flowing_Water.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Still, Flowing Water</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- </font><a href="Books15/Ajahn-Chah_Stil-lFlowing-Water_v130527.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
PDF</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> |
<a href="mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_StillFlowingWater_v130526.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_StillFlowingWater_v130526.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI </font></a></font>
</li>
<li>
<span lang="EN-US"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Some_Final_Words.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Some Final Words</font></a></font></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Chah_Suffering_on_the_Road.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Suffering on the
Road</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa">
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Chah_Suppositions_and_Release.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Suppositions &
Release</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa">
<span lang="EN-US">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Taking_Care_of_the_Bamboo_Grove.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Taking Care
of the Bamboo Grove</font></a></span></font></li>
<li>
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-weight: 400">
<font face="Times New Roman" size="3">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Chah_The_Dharma_Goes_Westward.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Dharma
Goes Westward</font></a></font></span></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Chah_The_Early_Years.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Early Years of Ajahn
Chah</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_The_Exhaustion_of_Doubt.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Exhaustion of
Doubt</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Four_Noble_Truths.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Four Noble Truths</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Ajahn_Chah_The_Key_to_Liberation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Key to
Liberation</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Ajahn_Chah_The_Mind_Lets_Go_of_Itself.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Mind Lets
Go of Itself</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Path_to_Peace.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Path to Peace</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/The_Teachings_of_Ajahn_Chah.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Teachings of Ajahn
Chah</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Timeless_Teachings.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Timeless Teachings</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Toward_the_Unconditioned.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Toward the
Unconditioned</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Tuccho_Pothila.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Tuccho Pothila</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Understanding_Dukkha.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Understanding Dukkha</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Understanding_Vinaya.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Understanding Vinaya</font></a></li>
<li>
<span style="font-weight: 400"><font size="3">
<a href="Books2/Ajahn_Chah_UnShakeable_Peace.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Unshakeable Peace</font></a></font></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_What_is_Contemplation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">What is
Contemplation?</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Chah_Why_are_we_here.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Why</font><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Timesa"> are
We Here?</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa"><a href="Articles/Ajahn_Chah_Quotes.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">
Ajahn Chah Quotes</font></a></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<font face="Timesa" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.Dhammatalks.net/Ajahn_Chah_Audio_Talks.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Audio Talks</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.Dhammatalks.net/Ajahn_Chah_mp3"><font color="#FFFFFF">
The Collected Teachings of Ajahn Chah</font></a>
<font face="Timesa" color="#FFFFFF">
- Readings by Ajahn Amaro</font></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p><font color="#FFFFFF"><b>Wat Pah Nanachat</b></font></p>
</blockquote>
<ul>
<li><a href="Articles/Forest_Path_1999_small.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Forest Path</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Punnadhammo_Letter_from_Mara.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Letter from Mara</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/No_Thai-No_Farang.PDF"><font color="#FFFFFF">No Thai - No Farang</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Release.PDF"><font color="#FFFFFF">Release</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="843" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Pa-Auk">Pa-Auk</a> <br>
Sayadaw</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<font size="2"><br>
</font>
<img src="images/PaAuk.jpg" border="0" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Pa Auk Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net" width="75" height="107"></font></td>
<td width="45%" height="843" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Access_to_the_Breath.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Access to the
Breath</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Anapanasati.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">An Introduction to Ānāpānasati</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Breakthrough-in-samatha-meditation-and-vipassana-meditation.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Breakthrough in Samatha Meditation and Vipassana
Meditation</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books16/discerning-patthana-conditions-revised-by-syd-9maymyo5.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Discerning Patthana Conditions</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Dispensations-Usage.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dispensation's Usage</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_How_to_Make_an_End_to_Suffering.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">How to Make
an End to Suffering</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Five_Khandas.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">5 Khandas / Aggregates </font>
</a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Rupakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Rupakkhanda</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Vinnanakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Vinnanakkhanda</font></a><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Vedanakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Vedanakkhanda</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Sannakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sannakkhanda</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Sankharakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sankharakkhanda</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books13/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Knowing-and-Seeing-4th-Ed-2010.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Knowing and Seeing</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- 4th Edition</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Light_of_Wisdom.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Light of Wisdom</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pa Auk Meditation Manual (scanned)
<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/1_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-1-</font></a>,
<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/2_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-2-</font></a>,
<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/3_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-3-</font></a>,
<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/4_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-4-</font></a>,
<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/5_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-5-</font></a>, (<a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/Pa_Auk_Meditation_Manual_(1-to-5).pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">5
in 1</font></a>) </font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Mindfulness_of_Breathing.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness of Breathing (Ānāpānassati)</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_n_Four_Elements.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness of Breathing & Four Elements Meditation</font></a></li>
<li>
<font FACE="Norman" SIZE="3">
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Paticcasamuppada_Method_5.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Paticcasamuppada</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Nama_Kammatthana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Nama Kammatthana</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Vipassana_Kammatthana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Vipassana Kammatthana</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Paticca-Samuppada-Stage-5th-Method.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Paticcasamuppada Stage - 5th Method</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Bhikkhu_Moneyya-Teaching_and_Training-6th-Edition.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Teaching_and_Training</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
(6th Edition) </font>
</font>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Chariot_to_Nibbana_Part_I.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">The Chariot to
Nibbana - Part I</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Chariot_to_Nibbana_Part_II.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">
<font face="Times New Roman">The Chariot
to Nib</font>bana - Part II</font></a></li>
<li> <font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Factors_of_Dependent_Origination.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Factors of Dependent Origination</font></a></font></li>
<li> <font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_The-Only-Way.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
The Only Way</font></a> <i> </i></font></li>
<li> <font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Pa-Auk_The-Way-to-Practice-Anapanasati-and-the-4-Elements-Flash_Chart.swf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Way to Practice Anapanasati & the 4 Elements
(Flash Chart)</font></a></font></li>
<li> <font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pa_Auk_System_of_Practice.jpg"><font color="#FFFFFF">Pa Auk Tawya System of
Practice (JPEG Chart)</font></a></font></li>
<li> <font FACE="Times New Roman" LANG="JA" SIZE="3">
<a href="Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Three_Ways_of_Discerning_Mental_Phenomena.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Three Ways Of Discerning Mental Phenomena</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_The_Practice_which_Leads_to_Nibbana.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">The Practice Which Leads to Nibbana - Part 1</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_To_attain_Asammoha_Sampajanna-Nana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Asammoha
Sampajañña-Nana</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Udayabbaya-Nana_Stage.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Udayabbaya-Nana</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Pa_Auk_Workings_of_Kamma.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Workings of Kamma</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_Towards_Eternal_Peace.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Towards Eternal
Peace</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Chanting.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Chanting - Pali, English & Mandarin</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Daily_Chants.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Daily Chants</font></a></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Pa_Auk_mp3/Talks.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Audio 1</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://paauktawyausa.org/downloads/english-dhamma-talks/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Audio 2</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<i>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Pa_Auk"><font color="#CCFF99">Directory 1</font></a></font></i></li>
<li>
<i>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Pa_Auk_Sayadaw"><font color="#CCFF99">Directory
2</font></a></font></i></li>
<li>
<i>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Pa_Auk_mp3"><font color="#CCFF99">Directory
3</font></a></font></i></li>
<li>
<i>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Pa_Auk_Compilations"><font color="#CCFF99">
Directory 4</font></a><font color="#CCFF99"> </font></font></i>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="410" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ariyadhamma Mahathero</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font></b><br>
<img border="0" src="images/Ariyadhamma.bmp" width="80" height="76" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ariyadhamma Mahathero @ DhammaTalks.net"><p align="center"> </td>
<td width="45%" height="410" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Unwholesome_Mental_Qualities.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Unwholesome Mental Qualities</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Wholesome_Mental_Qualities.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Wholesome Mental Qualities</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Presences_of_Mindfulness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Four Presences Of Mindfulness</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Right_Exertions.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Four Right Exertions </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Ways_to_Attain_Psychic_Power.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Four Ways To [Attain] Psychic Power (Iddhi pada)</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Seven_Factors_of_Enlightenment.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Seven Factors Of Enlightenment<br>
(<em>Sapta Bojjhanga</em>) </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Five_Spiritual_Dominions-(Indriya).pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Five [Spiritual] Dominions <br>
(<em>Panca Indriya</em>)</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Five_Spiritual_Capabilities-(Bala).pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Five [Spiritual] Capabilities <br>
(<em>Panca Bala</em>) </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Eight-fold_Path.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Eight-fold Path</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Dependent_Origination.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dependent Origination<br>
</font>
<em><font color="#FFFFFF">(Paticca Samuppada)</font></em></a></li>
<li>
<span style="font-weight: 400"><font size="3">
<a href="Books2/Mahathera_Nauyane_Ariyadhamma_Anapana_Sati_Meditation_on_Breathing.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Anapana Sati - Meditation on Breathing</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></font></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Short_Analysis_of_Kamma.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Short Analysis of Kamma</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="audio_files.htm#Ariyadhamma">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Paritta Pali Chanting</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="1767" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Brahm">Ajahn</a> <br> Brahmavamso</font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b>
<tt><font face="Times New Roman" size="2">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Brahmavamso.jpg" alt="Ajahn Brahm @ DhammaTalks.net" width="63" height="91"></font></tt></td>
<td width="40%" height="1767" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books13/A-Tribute-to-Ajahn-Brahm_Emptiness_and_Stillness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Tribute to Ajahn Brahm - Emptiness and Stillness</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Timesa">
<a href="Books14/All-You-Need-Is-Kindfulness_A-Collection-of-Ajahn-Brahm-Quotes.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">All You Need is Kindness - A Collection of Ajahn
Brahm Quotes</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_ANATTA.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">An</font><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">atta</font></a></li>
<li>
<font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">
<a href="Books7/Ajahn_Brahmavamso_Asubha_Practice.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Asubha Practice</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Attachment.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Attachment</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_BAHIYA_S_TEACHING.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Bāhiya</font><font color="#FFFFFF">'s Teaching</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Becoming_Enlightened.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Becoming
Enlightened</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books13/Ajahn_Brahm-Bhikkhunis.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Bhikkhunis</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Bliss_of_Letting_GO.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Bliss of Letting Go</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Buddhism_The_Only_Real_Science.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism
: The Only Real Science</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Buddhism_and_Science.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism and
Science</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="Times New Roman" SIZE="3">
<a href="Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Contemplation_of_Death.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Contemplation of Death</font></a></font></li>
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<font face="Times New Roman">
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distortion of view, perception & thoughts perpetuating delusion</font></a></font></li>
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<td width="12%" height="1767" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Thanissaro">Bhikkhu</a> <br> Thanissaro</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font>
</b>
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<font color="#ffffff" FACE="PalatinoLinotype">
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<a href="Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Meditations_40_Dhamma_Talks.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Meditations1 - 40 Dhamma Talks</font></a></li>
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_Respect_for_Concentration.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Respect for
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_Respect_for_Heedfulness.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Respect for
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Part 1</font></a></li>
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Part 2</font></a></li>
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<a href='accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/beyondcoping.html' name='beyondcoping' id='beyondcoping'>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Beyond Coping: The Buddha's Teachings on Aging, Illness, Death,
& Separation</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="Calli109Normal"><br>
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<a href='accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/bodymind.html' name='bodymind' id='bodymind'>
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<a href='accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/khandha.html' name='khandha' id='khandha'>
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<a href='accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/truths.html' name='truths' id='truths'>
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<font color="#FFFFFF">Merit </font></a>
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<font color="#FFFFFF">Stream Entry: Part 1</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="Calli109Normal"><br>
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<font color="#FFFFFF">Stream Entry: Part 2</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="Calli109Normal"><br>
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<font color="#FFFFFF">The Ten Perfections</font></a></font></li>
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<a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Agendas_of_Mindfulness.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">
The Agendas of Mindfulness</font></a></li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><span class="title"><span class="smaller">
<a href="Books15/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Merit_v130613.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Buddhas Strategies for Happiness I : Merit</font></a> -
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<a href="Books15/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Discernment_v140930.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_The_Components_of_Suffering.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
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<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Customs_of_the_Noble_Ones.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Customs of the Noble Ones</font></a></li>
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<font color="#ffffff">
<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_The_How_and_Why_of_Meditation.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The How
and Why of Meditation</font></a></font></li>
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<a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Karma_of_Questions.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Karma
of Questions</font></a></li>
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_the_Observer.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Observer</font></a></li>
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<a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Path_of_Concentration_n_Mindfulness.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Path of Concentration & Mindfulness</font></a></li>
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_The_Power_of_the_Focused_Mind.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
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<a href="Articles/Thanissaro_the_Six_Properties.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
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<font color="#FFFFFF">The Steps of Breath Meditation</font></a></font></li>
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<a href="Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_The-Sublime-Attitudes_140828.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Sublime Attitudes</font></a>
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<a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Vipassana_One_Tool_Among_Many.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vipassana - One Tool Among Many</font></a></li>
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<a href="Books10/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Wings_to_Awakening.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Wings to
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<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali Canon </font>
<br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">- <a href="Books14/dhammapada_v111213.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dhammapada</font></a><br>
- <a href="Books14/Itivuttaka_v130528.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Itivuttaka - This Was Said by The Buddha</font></a></font> <br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
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<font color="#FFFFFF">Udana - Exclamations!</font></a></li>
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<tr>
<td width="12%" height="570" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven <a name="Buddhadasa">Buddhadasa</a><br>
Bhikkhu</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font></b><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
<img border="2" src="images/buddhadasa.jpg" width="76" height="93" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Buddhadasa Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net"></p>
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<td width="12%" height="570" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
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<b><font color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Boowa">Maha</a><br>
Boowa</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b>
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To the Last Breath</font></a></font></li>
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Wisdom Develops Samadhi</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - pdf 2MB</font></font></li>
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Wisdom Develops Samadhi</font></a></font></li>
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<tr>
<td width="12%" height="197" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font color="#00FF00"><b><span lang="EN-US">
Ven <a name="Akincano"> Anandajoti</a> Bhikkhu</span></b></font><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Anandajoti_Bhikkhu.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" width="100" height="98"></p>
<p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="197" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">
<a href="http://ancient-buddhist-texts.net"><font color="#FFFFFF">Ancient
Buddhist Texts</font></a></li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr">
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzPIeCaV-is">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzPIeCaV-is"><font color="#FFFFFF"> Planes of Existence</font></a> @ Youtube</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="197" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b><span lang="EN-US">
Ven
Ajahn<a name="Akincano"> Anand</a> <br> Akincano</span></b></font></p> <p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Akincano.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Anand Akincano @ DhammaTalks.net" width="110" height="105"></font></td>
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<ul>
<li><span lang="EN-US">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Developing_Samadhi.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Developing
Samadhi</font></a></span></li>
<li><span lang="en-us">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Marananussati.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Marananussati</font></a></span></li>
<li><font FACE="URWPalladioL-Roma">
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Anan_Akincano_Samadhi_for_Liberation.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Samadhi
for Liberation</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - pdf</font></font></li>
<li><span lang="EN-US">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Samadhi_For_Liberation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Samadhi
for Liberation</font></a></span></li>
<li><span lang="en-us">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Seeking_Buddho.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Seeking Buddho</font></a></span></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="206" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Narada <br>
Mahathera</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Narada_Mahathera.jpg" width="86" height="109" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Narada Mahathera @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></td>
<td width="40%" height="206" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books5/Narada_Mahathera_Abhidhamma.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Manual of
Abhidhamma</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Buddha and His Teachings -
<a href="Books5/Narada_Mahathera_The_Buddha_and_His_Teachings.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">HTML</font></a> |
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<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
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<p align="center">
<b>
<font FACE="URWPalladioL-Bold" color="#00FF00">
Ven
Acharn Plien Panyapatipo</font><font FACE="URWPalladioL-Bold" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font>
</b>
<font FACE="URWPalladioL-Bold" color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Acharn_Plien.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Acharn Plien Panyapatipo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="127"></font></td>
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<ul>
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<a href="Books7/Acharn_Plien_A_Practicing_Guide_to_Peace.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A
Practicing Guide to Peace</font></a></li>
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Bhavana</font></a></li>
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<a href="Books7/Acharn_Plien_Every_Action_Receives_Its_Result.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Every
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</font>
</li>
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<a href="Books2/Acharn_Plien_Panyapatipo_How_To_Get_Good_Results_From_Doing_Merit.htm">
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<font FACE="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books7/Acharn_Plien_Sati-Sampajanna_Mindfulness-Awareness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sati-Sampajanna</font></a></li>
</font>
</font>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="225" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">Ven Bhikkhu<br>
Santikaro</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<font size="2"><br>
</font>
<img border="2" src="images/santikaro.jpg" hspace="0" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Santikaro Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net" width="66" height="101"></font></td>
<td width="40%" height="225" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Bhikkhu_Santikaro_Anapanasati_FAQ.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati -
FAQ</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books6/Santikaro_Bhikkhu_Anatta_and_Rebirth.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Anatta and
Rebirth <br>
- </font> <span class="descr"><font color="#FFFFFF">What's the Contradicton?</font></span></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Bhikkhu_Santikaro_Mindfulness_With_Breathing.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness with Breathing</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Anapanasati_Reasons_Santikaro.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Reasons for
Anapanasati</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Distractions_Tips_Santikaro.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Tips for Distractions</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="225" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br> Nyanadhammo</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font></b><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<img border="2" src="images/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo.JPG" align="center" style="border-style: solid; border-color: #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Nyanadhammo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="112" height="121"></font></td>
<td width="45%" height="225" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_The_Power_of_Faith.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Power of
Faith</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_The_Spiritual_Faculties.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Spiritual Faculties</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_Walking_Meditation.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Walking
Meditation</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo-Discovering_Dhamma_in_Us.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Discovering Dhamma in Us</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li> </li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="video_files.htm#Nyanadhammo"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="206" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font face="Times New Roman">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Luang Por Liem<br>
Thitadhammo</font></b></font><p>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Luang_Por_Liem.jpg" width="100" height="106" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Luang Por Liem @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></p>
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<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Luang_Por_Liem_Following-the-footsteps-of-the-enlightened-beings.pdf">
<strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#FFFFFF">Following the Footsteps of the
Enlightened Beings</font></strong><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </a></li>
<li><font FACE="URWPalladioL-Bold">
<a href="Books/Luang_Por_Liem_From%20the%20Darkness%20to%20the%20Light.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">From the Darkness to the Light</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Luang_Por_Liem-Kammatthana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Kammatthana</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Luang_Por_Liem_No_Worries.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">No Worries</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Luang_Por_Liem-The_One_Who_Knows.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The One Who
Knows</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Luang_Por_Liem_The-Ways-of-the-Peaceful.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Ways of
the Peaceful</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books11/Luang_Por_Liem-Walking_with_Awareness.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Walking
with Awareness - a Guide to Walking Meditation</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="206" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
Suwat Suvaco
</font></b>
</p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajhan_Suwat.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Suwat Suvaco @ DhammaTalks.net" width="88" height="100"></td>
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<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_A_Fistful_of_Sand.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Fistful of Sand</font></a></li>
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<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_A_Home_for_the_Mind.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Home for the Mind</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Blatantly_Clear_in_the_Heart.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Blatantly
Clear in the Heart</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Disenchantment.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Disenchantment</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Right_Attitude.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Right Attitude</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Right_Concentration.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Right Concentration</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Straightening_Out_Your_Views.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Straightening Out Your Views</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_The_Strategy_of_a_Peaceful_Mind.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Strategy of a Peaceful Mind</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_To_Comprehend_Suffering.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">To Comprehend
Suffering</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="231" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>
Ven Bhante <br>
Mangala<a name="Revata"> </a> <br>
<br>
</b></font>
<img border="0" src="images/Sayadaw_U_Mangala.jpg" width="100" height="151" style="border: 1px solid #FFFFFF"></td>
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<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Sayadaw_U_Mangala_and_Buddharakhita">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MP3 Talks</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Sayadaw_U_Mangala/chanting_mp3">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Tusita Chanting Book and Audio Guide files</font></a></font></li>
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<td width="12%" height="235" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><font color="#00FF00"><b>
Ven
<a name="Revata">Sayadaw </a> <br>
U. Revata</b></font></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Bhikkhu_Revata.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Sayadaw Revata" width="100" height="100"><p> <p align="center"> </td>
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<ul>
<li><a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Revata-Awaken_Oh_World.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Awaken, Oh World !</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li><a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Revata-The_Disciple_Within.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Disciple Within</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">Compilations <br>
- <a href="Sayadaw_Revata/CD1/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">CD 1</font></a><br>
- <a href="Sayadaw_Revata/CD2/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">CD 2</font></a><br>
- <a href="Sayadaw_Revata/CD3/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">CD 3</font></a><br>
- <a href="Sayadaw_Revata/CD4/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">CD 4</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#00FF00"><a href="Sayadaw_Revata/index.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Audio</font></a> </font>
</li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="video_files2.htm#Revata">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
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<tr>
<td width="12%" height="237" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>
Ven Bhante Buddharakkhita<a name="Revata"> </a> <br>
<br>
</b></font>
<img border="0" src="images/Ven_Buddharakhita.png" style="border: 1px solid #FFFFFF" width="73" height="127"></td>
<td width="40%" height="237" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Sayadaw_U_Mangala_and_Buddharakhita">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MP3 Talks</font></a></font></li>
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<p align="center"> </p>
<p align="center"><font color="#00FF00"><b> </b></font></td>
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</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="665" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">Ven Bhante<a name="Vimalaramsi">
U</a> <br> Vimalaramsi</font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="2" src="images/Ven_Vimalaramsi.jpg" width="73" height="98" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhante Vimalaramsi @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></td>
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<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-weight: 400"><font size="3">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Anapanasati_Q_and_A.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati - Q &
A</font></a></font></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Benefits_of_learning_meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Benefits of Learning Meditation</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Finding_the_Teacher.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Finding the
Teacher</font></a></li>
<li>
<span style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Jhanas_Q_and_A.htm"> <font size="3" color="#FFFFFF">
Jhanas - Q & A</font></a></span></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books8/Dhammasukha_org-Meditation_Terminology.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation
Terminology List</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </font></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Ven_Vimalaramsi_6Rs_Practice.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 6 Rs Practice
Guide</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_8_Fold_Path_in_Practical_Terms.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
8-Fold Path in Practical Terms</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Anapanasati_Sutta_2nd_Ed.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Anapanasati Sutta : A Practical Guide to Mindfulness of Breathing &
Tranquil Wisdom Meditation</font></a></li>
<li><font FACE="CMBX12">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_Bare-Bones_Instructions_to_Anapanasati.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Bare-Bones Instructions to Mindfulness of Breathing</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"></li></font><font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="CMBX12"> </font>
</li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_Greater_Discourse_on_the_Mass_of_Suffering.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Greater Discourse on the Mass of Suffering</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_THE_GREAT_DISCOURSE_ON_ORIGINATION.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Great Discourse on Origination - Mahanidana Sutta</font></a></font></li>
<li><font FACE="CMBX12">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Noble_Eightfold_Path_and_Visuddhimagga.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Noble Eightfold Path and The Visuddhimagga</font></a></font></li>
<li><font FACE="CMBX12">
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Sammaditthi_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">
Sammāditthi Sutta -
Right View</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"></li></font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Sariputtas_Stream_Entry.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sariputta's Stream Entry</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Satipatthana_Sutta_1.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Satipatthāna
Sutta - The Foundations of Mindfulness -1</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Satipatthana_Sutta_2.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Satipatthāna
Sutta - The Foundations of Mindfulness - 2</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="CMBX12">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Seven_Factors_of_Enlightenment.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Seven
Factors of Enlightenment</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Two_Kinds_of_Thought.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Two Kinds of
Thought</font></a></font></li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<li> </li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.dhammasukha.org/Study/general.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Audio</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="video_files.htm#Vimalaramsi"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></li>
<li>
<a target="_blank" href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dhammasukha"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Bhante's
Guidance Online</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
</font>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="665" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
<a name="Sumedho">Sumedho</a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Sumedho.jpg" width="100" height="100" alt="Ajahn Sumedho @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></td>
<td width="45%" height="665" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books13/Ajahn-Sumedho_A-Holiday-of-the-Heart.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Holiday of the Heart</font></a> </font></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Interviewed.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Ajahn Sumedho
Interviewed</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Attending_to_the_Here_and_Now.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Attending to the Here and Now</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Being_Nobody.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Being Nobody</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Consciousness_and_Sensitivity.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Consciousness and Sensitivity</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Ajahn_Sumedho_Cittaviveka.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Cittaviveka</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Escape.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Escape</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Gratitude_to_Parents.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Gratitude to
Parents</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Happiness_Forever.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Happiness Forever</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Intuitive_Awareness.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Intuitive Awareness</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Is_Buddhism_a_Religion.htm">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">Is Buddhism a Religion?</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Ajahn_Sumedho_Let_Go_of_Fire.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Let Go of Fire</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Sumedho_Liberating_Emotions.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Liberating Emotions</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Life_is_Like_This.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Life is Like This</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Listening_to_Thoughts.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Listening to
Thoughts</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Mind_Conditions_the_World.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Mind
Conditions the World</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Ajahn_Sumedho_Mindfulness_The_Path_to_the_Deathless.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness: The Path to the Deathless</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books11/Ajahn_Sumedho_Nirvana_Now.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Nirvana Now</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Ajahn_Sumedho_Noticing_Space.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Noticing Space</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Now_is_the_Knowing.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Now is the
Knowing</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Articles/Ajahn_Sumedho_Only_One_Breath.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Only One Breath</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Question_Time.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Question Time with
Ajahn Sumedho</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Self_and_Self_Naughting.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Self and
Self-Naughting</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Personality.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Self-view, Personality
and Awareness</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Suffering_and_Cessation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Suffering
and the Way to Cessation </font> </a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Suffering_Should_be_Welcomed.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Suffering Should be Welcomed</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books13/Ajahn-Sumedho_Taking-Refuges_Guided-Meditation.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Taking Three Refuges, Eight Precepts and Guided
Meditation</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Five_Hindrances.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Five
Hindrances</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Four_Noble_Truths.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Four
Noble Truths</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Problem_with_Personality.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Problem with Personality</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_the_Real_World.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Real World</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Way_it_is.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Way It Is</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Universal_Loving_Kindness.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Universal
Loving Kindness</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Who_We_Really_Are.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Who We Really Are</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="188" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
Fuang Jotiko</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b><font size="2" color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/Ajaan_Fuang.jpg" width="80" height="93" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Fuang Jotiko @ DhammaTalks.net"></font><p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="188" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_A_Single_Mind.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Single Mind</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Awareness_Itself.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Awareness Itself</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Listen_Well.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Listen Well</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Realisation.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Realisation</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Timeless_and_True.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Timeless and
True</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="188" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">Ven Phra <a name="Thoon">Thoon</a> Khippapanno</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font>
</b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/PhraThoonKhippapanno.jpg" alt="Phra Thoon Khippapanno @ DhammaTalks.net" width="82" height="110"></font></td>
<td width="45%" height="188" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Acariya_Thoon_Beyond_the_Stream_of_the_World.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Beyond the Stream of the World</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Acariya_Thoon_Walking_Meditation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Methods of
Walking Meditation</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books/Acariya_Thoon_Traverse_the_Current.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Traverse the
Current</font></a></font></li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="mobile_books/Phra_Thoon_Khippapanno"><font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB
Books</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="192" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><font color="#00FF00"><strong>Ven Prayudh Payutto <br>
Bhikkhu</strong></font></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/payutto_bhikkhu2.bmp" width="81" height="97" alt="Payutto Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net"><p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="192" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Aging_and_Dying.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Aging and Dying</font></a></strong></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Dependent_Origination.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Dependent
Origination : The Buddhist Law of Conditionality</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_good_evil_and_beyond.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Good, Evil and
Beyond</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Helping_Yourself_To_Help_Others.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Helping Yourself to Help Others</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Sammasati.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sammasati : An Exposition
of Right Mindfulness</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="192" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Piyadassi <br>
Thera</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/piyadasi_thera.jpg" width="95" height="112" alt="Piyadasi Thera @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></b></td>
<td width="45%" height="192" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<span class="para">
<a href="Books9/Piyadassi_Thera-Buddha_His_Life_and_Teaching%20.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Buddha His Life & Teaching</font></a></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Piyadassi_Thera_The_Buddhas_Ancient_Path.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Buddha's Ancient Path</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Piyadassi_Thera_The_Seven__Factors_Of_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Seven Factors of Enlightenment</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="213" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
Uthai Siridharo</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b><br>
<img border="0" src="images/Uthai.jpg" style="border: 1px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Uthai Siridharo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="119"></td>
<td width="40%" height="213" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul> <li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books10/Ajahn_Uthai_Reaching_the_Goodness_Within.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Reaching
the Goodness Within</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </font> </li> <li>
</li> <li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="video_files2.htm#Uthai"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a> </font></li> </ul> </td>
<td width="12%" height="213" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Ajahn <br> Pannavaddho</b></font></p> <p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Pannavaddho.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Pannavaddho @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="133"><br>
</p>
</td>
<td width="45%" height="213" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books8/Acharn_Pannavaddho_Citta_and_Kilesas.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Citta &
Kilesas</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li><a href="Books11/Ajahn_Panyavaddho-The_Fundamentals_of_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Fundamentals of Buddhism</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="741" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300" rowspan="2">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Bhikkhu <br>
<a name="Bodhi">Bodhi</a></b></font><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Bhikkhu_Bodhi.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhikkhu Bodhi @ DhammaTalks.net" width="88" height="109"><p>
<a href="http://www.wisdompubs.org/"><font color="#FFFFFF">Purchase books
here</font></a></td>
<td width="40%" height="741" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" rowspan="2" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Abhidhamma.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma</font></a> </font></li>
<li><a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Kalama_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Look at Kalama
Sutta </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Anupada_Sutta.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Anupada Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Association_with_the_Wise.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Association
with the Wise</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Discourse-All-Embracing_Net_of_Views.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Brahmajala Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Discourse on All-Embracing Net of Views</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Chachakka_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Chachakka Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Climbing-to-the-Top-of-the-Mountain.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Climbing to the Top of the Mountain</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- an interview</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Cularahulovada_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Cularahulovada
Sutta</font></a><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
</font></li>
<li>
<span class="style28">
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Culatanhasankhaya_Sutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Culatanhasankhaya Sutta</font></a></span></li>
<li>
<a class="contentpagetitle" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=AXOD5TeajGoC&printsec=frontcover&vq=An+Anthology+of+Discourses+from+the+Pali+Canon">
<font color="#FFFFFF">In the Buddhas Words</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahahatthipadopama_Sutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mahahatthipadopama Sutta</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Great_Discourse_on_Causation.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mahanidana Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Great Discourse on Causation</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahaslayatanika_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Mahaslayatanika
Sutta</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahatanhasankhaya_Sutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mahātanhāsankhaya Sutta</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Discourse_on_the_Root_of_Existence.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mulapariyaya Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Discourse on the Root of Existence</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Nandakovada_Sutta.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Nandakovada Sutta</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Nibbana.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nibbana</font></a></font><a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Nandakovada_Sutta.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
</a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Nidanavaggasamyutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nidanavaggasamyutta</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Five_Spiritual_Faculties.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Five
Spiritual Faculties</font></a></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books10/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Jhanas_and_the_Lay_Disciples.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Jhanas and the Lay Disciples</font></a></font></strong></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Noble_Eightfold_Path.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Noble
Eightfold Path</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Taste_of_Freedom.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Taste of
Freedom</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#0000FF">
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Transcendental_Dependent_Arising.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Transcendental Dependent Arising</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Two_Styles_of_Insight_Meditation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Two
Styles of Insight Meditation</font></a></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nikayas <br>
</font>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">-
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Majjhima_Nikaya.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Majjhima
Nikaya</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">-
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Samyutta_Nikaya.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Samyutta
Nikaya</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Anggutara Nikaya -
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu-Bodhi-AN-04-The-Fours-Complete.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Book of Four</font></a></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.lovingkindnessctdownload.org/web/av/audios/Dhamma_talks/English/A_Course_In_the_pali_language/course_Pali.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Course in the </font> <strong style="font-weight: 400"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Pali Language</font></strong></a></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Lectures - MP3 & Notes</font><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">- <a href="bhikkhu_bodhi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Buddha's Teaching As It Is </font></a><br>
- <a href="bhikkhu_bodhi/in_the_buddhas_words/start.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">In The Buddha's Words</font></a></a><br>
- <a href="bhikkhu_bodhi/majjhima_nikaya/start.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">Majjhima
Nikaya </font></a><br>
- <a href="bhikkhu_bodhi"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sutta Nipata</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="469" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Ajahn <br>
Munindo</b></font></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Munindo.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Munindo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="75" height="110"><p align="center">
</td>
<td width="45%" height="469" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Munindo_Unexpected_Freedom.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Unexpected Freedom</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="271" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ñanavira <br>
Thera</font></b></p> <p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Nanavira_Thera.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Nanavira Thera @ DhammaTalks.net" width="98" height="122"><br>
</td>
<td width="45%" height="271" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<font FACE="PaliCharter-SmCpsRoman">
<a href="Books7/Nanavira_Thera-Clearing_the_Path.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Clearing the Path</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p> <p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="342" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Thich Thanh Tu</b></font><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Thich_Thanh_Tu.jpg" style="border: 3px solid #FFFFFF" width="72" height="86"><p>
<p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="342" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books2/Thich_Thanh_Tu_For_the_Aged_and_the_Sick.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">For the
Aged and the Sick</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Thich_Thanh_Tu_The_Truth.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Truth</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="342" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Thich_Nhat_Hanh">Thich Nhat Hanh</a></font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Thich_Nhat_Hanh.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Thich Nhat Hanh @ DhammaTalks.net" width="84" height="106"></p>
<p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="342" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-size: 12.0pt; font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_A_Guide_to_Walking_Meditation.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Guide
to Walking Meditation</font></a></span></li>
<li><i><font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_The_Practice_of_Mindfulness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Practice of Mindfulness 0</font></a></i></li>
<li><i><font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_1.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness
of Breathing 1</font></a></i></li>
<li><i><font color="#FFFFFF">-</font><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_2.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness
of Breathing 2</font></a></i></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Answers_from_the_Heart.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Answers from
the Heart</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Going_Home.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Going Home</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Living_Buddha_Living_Christ.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Living
Buddha, Living Christ</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Meditations_for_the_Sick_and_Dying.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Meditations for the Sick and Dying </font> </a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_No_Death_No_Fear.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">No Death, No Fear</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Overcoming_the_Fear_of_Death.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Overcoming the Fear of Death</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Peace_is_Every_Step.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Peace is Every
Step</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Resting_in_the_River.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Resting in
the River</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Taking_Care_of_Mental_Formations_and_Perceptions.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Taking Care of our Mental Formations and Perceptions</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_the_Heart_of_the_Matter.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Heart of
the Matter</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_The_Nature_of_Self.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Nature of
Self</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Transforming_Negative_Habit_Energies.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Transforming Negative Habit Energies</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="219" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Sunlun Sayadaw</b></font><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Sunlun_Sayadaw.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Sunlun Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net" width="93" height="107"></td>
<td width="40%" height="219" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books12/Life-Story-of_Sunlun_Sayadaw.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
The Life Story of the Sunlun Gu Kyaung Sayadaw</font></a> </font>
</li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="219" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven <a name="Mingun">Mingun</a> Sayadaw</font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Mingun_Sayadaw.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" width="90" height="139"><p align="center"> </td>
<td width="45%" height="219" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (75-110 MB each
of <b>scanned</b> pages)<br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-1_Part-1.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-1 Part 1</font></a> <br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-1_Part-2.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-1 Part 2</font></a><br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-2_Part-1.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-2
Part 1</font></a><br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-2_Part-2.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-2 Part 2</font></a> <br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-3.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-3</font></a><br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-4.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-4</font></a>
<br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-5.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-5</font></a><br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-6_Part-1.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-6 Part 1</font></a><br>
-
<a href="Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-6_Part-2.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Vol-6 Part 2</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="315" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<span style="font-weight: 700">
<font size="3" color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
<a name="Pasanno">Pasanno</a></font><font size="3" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Pasanno.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Passano @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="103"></font></span></td>
<td width="40%" height="315" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><span style="font-weight: 400"><font size="3">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Pasanno_a_Dhamma_Compass.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">A Dhamma Compass</font></a></font></span></li>
<li><a href="Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Anapanasati.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Broad_View_Boundless_Heart.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Broad View,
Boundless Heart</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Foundations_of_Virtue_and_Right_View.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Foundations of Virtue and Right View</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Inner_Foundations_and_Social_Action.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Inner Foundations and Social Action</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Meditation_of_the_Breath.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation of
the Breath</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Passano_Practice_as_Process.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Practice as
Process</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Passano_Remembering_our_Goal.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Remembering
our Goal</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Passano_the_Last_Breath.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Last Breath</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books4/Ajahn_Passano_The_Proliferating_Mind.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Proliferating Mind</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Passano_What_Is_Important.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">What is
Important?</font></a></li>
<li> </li>
<li><font FACE="JoannaMT">
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Pasanno_Amaro_Dhamma_and_the_Real_World.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma
& the Real World</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- with Ajahn Amaro</font></font></li>
<li><a href="Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Amaro_The_Island.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Island</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">-
with Ajahn Amaro</font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left: 25"> <a href="#Passano_mp3"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Audio</font></a></p>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="315" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Bhikkhu <br> Nyanaponika</b></font></p> <p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Nyanaponika1.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhikkhu Nyanaponika @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="109"></td>
<td width="45%" height="315" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioPali-Bold">
<a href="Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera_Abhidhamma_studies.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Abhidhamma
Studies</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books2/Nyanaponika_Thera_Contemplation_of_Feeling.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Contemplation of Feeling</font></a>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">(Vedana-Samyutta)</font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioPali-Bold">
<a href="Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera-Kamma_and_its_Fruit.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Kamma and its
Fruit</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioPali-Bold">
<a href="Books7/Nyanaponika_A_Farewell_Tribute.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nyanaponika: A Farewell Tribute</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Life of Sāriputta -
<a href="Books13/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Life_of_Sariputta.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/The%20Life%20of%20Sariputta.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Five Mental Hindrances & Their Conquest -
<a href="Books7/Nyanaponika_Five_Mental_Hindrances_n_Their_Conquest.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/The%20Five%20Mental%20Hindrances%20and%20Their%20Conquest.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Nyanaponika_Thera_The_Four_Sublime_States.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Four
Sublime States</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Nyanaponika_Thera_The%20Power%20of%20Mindfulness.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Power of Mindfulness</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Nyanaponika_Thera_Roots_of_Good_and_Evil.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Roots
of Good and Evil</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Word_of_the_Buddha.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Word
of The Buddha</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="212" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven Ajahn <br>
Amaro</b></font></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Amaro.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Amaro @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="113"><p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="212" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<font FACE="JoannaMT">
<li>
<a href="Articles/Abhayagiri-Newsletter_2009_spring.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Abhayagiri
Newsletter</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Amaro-Broad_View-Boundless_Heart.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Broad View,
Boundless Heart</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Pasanno_Amaro_Dhamma_and_the_Real_World.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma & the Real World</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- with Ajahn Pasanno</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Amaro_Small-Boat_Great-Mountain.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Small Boat,
Great Mountain</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Amaro_The_Island.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The
Island</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- with Ajahn Pasanno</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Amaro_etc_You-Mean-Im-Going-to-Die-Too.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">You
Mean Im Going to Die Too?</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- with others at a forum</font></li>
</font>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="212" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman">Ven Ajahn<br>
Chandako </font>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman"> <br> <br>
</font>
</b>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Chandako.jpg" width="110" height="114" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Chandako @ DhammaTalks.net"><br>
</font></td>
<td width="45%" height="212" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Chandako_A_Honed_and_Heavy_Axe.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Honed and
Heavy Ax : Samatha and Vipassanâ in Harmony</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - pdf</font></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Chandako_Samatha_and_Vipassana_in_Harmony.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A
Honed and Heavy Ax : Samatha and Vipassanâ in Harmony</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Ajahn_Chandako_Mind_of_Harmony.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Mind of Harmony</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Ajahn_Chandako_Everybody_Loves_Some_Body.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Everybody
Loves Some Body</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="202" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<font face="MonotypeCorsiva,Italic">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">Ven Ayasma Aggacitta <br>
</font>
</b><br>
</font>
<img border="2" src="images/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu.jpg" style="border-style: solid; border-color: #FFFFFF" alt="Aggacita Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="122"><br>
</td>
<td width="40%" height="202" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><font face="MonotypeCorsiva,Italic">
<a href="Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Coping_with_a_handful_of_Leaves.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Coping with a Handful of Leaves</font></a></font></li>
<li><font FACE="PaliHelvetica-Bold">
<a href="Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Potentialities-of-the-Developed-Mind.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Potentialities of the Developed Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li><font FACE="PaliHelvetica-Bold">
<a href="Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Preparing-the-Mind-for-Death.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Preparing the Mind for Death</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="PaliHelvetica-Bold" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://dhammatalks.net/Ayasma_Aggacita/a-formula-for-worldly-spiritual-success.mp3">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Formula for Worldly & Spiritual Success</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="202" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font FACE="MonotypeCorsiva,Italic" SIZE="3"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Dhammavuddho <br> Thero</font></b></font><p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Dhammavuddho_Thero.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Dhammavuddho @ DhammaTalks.net" width="92" height="94"></font><p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="202" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Liberation.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Liberation</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Bhikkhu_Dhammavuddho-Message_of_the_Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Message of The Buddha</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Dhammavuddho_Thero_Mindfulness_Recollection_n_Concentration.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness, Recollection & Concentration</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Only_We_Can_Help_Ourselves.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Only We Can
Help Ourselves</font></a></li>
<li><font FACE="MonotypeCorsiva,Italic" SIZE="3">
<a href="Books5/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Thera_Five_illusionists.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Five
Illusionists</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p><font face="Times New Roman"><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<a href="video_files.htm#Dhammavuddho"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></font><p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="228" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">Ven <a name="Nyanadassana">Bhikkhu</a> </font>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#00FF00">
<br> Ñ<font face="Times New Roman">ānadassana</font></font></b><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhikkhu Nanadassana @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="100"></p>
<p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="228" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_73-Knowledges.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">73 Knowledges</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books10/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_Karaniya_Metta_Sutta.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Karaniya
Metta Sutta- the Message of Peace and Universal Friendliness</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books11/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_Ratana-Sutta-The-Three-Superb-Jewels.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Ratana Sutta: the Discourse on the Three Superb Jewels and<br>
Their Intrinsic Power</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_n_Mahinda-Gratitude.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Gratitude</font></a><font face="Times New Roman"><font color="#FFFFFF"><b><br>
</b></font><b><font color="#CCFF99">- </font> </b><font color="#CCFF99">Bhikkhu </font> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
Ñ<font face="Times New Roman">āna</font></font><font face="Times New Roman">dassana & Mahinda Wijesinghe</font></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_n_Mahinda_Ten-ways-of-making-MERIT.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Ten Ways of Making Merit</font></a><font face="Times New Roman"><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Bhikkhu </font> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
Ñ<font face="Times New Roman">āna</font></font><font face="Times New Roman">dassana & Mahinda Wijesinghe</font></font></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="228" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Sayadaw U <br>
Jotika</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b>
<img border="0" src="images/U_Jotika.jpg" width="100" height="123" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Sayadaw Jotika @ DhammaTalks.net"></td>
<td width="45%" height="228" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books4/Sayadaw_U_Jotika_Map_of_Journey.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Map of the
Journey</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books4/Sayadaw_U_Jotika_Snow_in_the_Summer.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Snow in the
Summer</font></a></li>
<li> </li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="mp3/Jotika"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Audio</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="209" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn<br>
Viradhammo</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Viradhammo.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Viradhammo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="92" height="114"></font></b></td>
<td width="40%" height="209" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Affectionate_Living.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Affectionate
Living</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Bringing_the_Teachings_Alive.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Bringing the Teachings Alive</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Going_Forth.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Going Forth</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_So_What.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">So What</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Stillness.pdf">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">The S</font></a><font face="Times New Roman"><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Stillness.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">tillness
of Being</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_The_End_of_Rebirth.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The End of
Rebirth</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="209" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
Suchart</font></b></p>
<p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="209" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_An_Insight_into_Buddhism.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">An Insight
into Buddhism</font></a></span></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Dhamma_for_the_Laity.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma for the
Laity </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Faith.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Faith</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Mental_Development.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mental Development</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Self_Reliance.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Self Reliance</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Sensual_Pleasures_Are_Painful.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sensual
Pleasures Are Painful </font> </a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Ten_Unwholesome_Actions.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Ten
Unwholesome Actions </font> </a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Ten_Ways_to_Make_Merits.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Ten Ways to
Make Merits </font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#000000">
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_The_Five_Spiritual_Powers.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Five
Spiritual Powers</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_The_Path_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Path to
Enlightenment</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="198" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn<br>
Tiradhammo</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
</font></b><img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Tiradhammo.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" align="middle" alt="Ajahn Tiradhammo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="92"></td>
<td width="40%" height="198" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Joy_in_Spiritual_Practice.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Joy
in Spiritual Practice</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Rounding_Out_the_Practice.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Rounding
Out the Practice</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Essence_of_the_Buddha_s_Teaching.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Essence of the Buddha's Teaching</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_The_Practise_of_Metta_in_Insight_Meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Practice of Metta in Insight Meditation</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="198" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn <br>
Jayasaro </font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Jayasaro.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF; padding-left: 4; padding-right: 4; padding-top: 1; padding-bottom: 1" alt="Ajahn Jaysaro @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="99"></font><p align="center"> </td>
<td width="45%" height="198" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Jayasaro_Early_Years_of_Ajahn_Chah.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Early Years of Venerable Ajahn Chah</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Ajahn_Jayasaro_Wings_of_the_Eagle.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Wings of the
Eagle</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p align="25" style="margin-left: 25">
<a href="http://www.what-buddha-taught.net/video_files.htm#Jayasaro">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Videos</font></a></p>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="220" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ledi <br>
Sayadaw</font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ledi_Sayadaw.jpg" width="100" height="121" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ledi Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net"></p>
</td>
<td width="40%" height="220" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Times " color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="/Books14/Ledi_Sayadaw-Requisites_of_Enlightenment.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Requisites of Enlightenment: Bodhipakkhiya
Dipani</font></a> </font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="220" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>Ven <a name="Dhatu">Bhikkhu</a><br>
Buddha Dhatu</b></font></p>
<p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Buddha_Dhatu.jpg" width="100" height="112" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhikkhu Buddha Dhatu @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></p>
<p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="220" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books5/Buddha_Dhatu_Returning_from_Death.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Returning from
Death</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books5/Buddha_Dhatu_The_Truth_of_the_Messengers.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Truth of the Messengers</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="206" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ajahn<br>
Brahmali</font></b><p>
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Brahmali.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ajahn Brahmali @ DhammaTalks.net" width="75" height="110"></td>
<td width="40%" height="206" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books12/Ajahn_Brahmali_A_Response_to_Bhikkhu_Bodhi_on_Pannavimutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Response to Ven. Bhikkhu Bodhis Paper on Paññāvimutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font>
<font FACE="Times New Roman" color="#990099">
<a href="Books6/Ajahn_Brahmali_Jhana_and_Lokuttarajjhana.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Jh</font></a></font><a href="Books6/Ajahn_Brahmali_Jhana_and_Lokuttarajjhana.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">ā</font><font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="Times New Roman">na
and Lokuttarajjh</font><font color="#FFFFFF">āna</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="http://67-20-123-22.unifiedlayer.com/articles/item/2067-satipaá¹á¹hÄna-and-samÄdhi-by-ajahn-brahmali.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Satipatthāna &
Samādhi</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="206" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Bhikkhu <br>
Ñanamoli</font></b><p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Nanamoli.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Nanamoli @ DhammaTalks.net" width="100" height="107"></font><p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="206" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="Books7/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_Mindfulness_of_Breathing.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness of Breathing</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books8/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_Right_View.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Right View: The
Sammaditthi Sutta<br>
and its Commentary</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li><a href="Books2/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_The_Lion_s_Roar.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Lion's
Roar</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="198" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Luang Pu <br>
Atulo</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/atulo.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Luang Po Atulo @ DhammaTalks.net" width="82" height="99"></font></b><p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="198" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajaan_Atulo_Atulo.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Atulo - The Heart is Knowing</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ajaan_Atulo_Dhamma_Legacy.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Gifts He Left Behind -
Dhamma Legacy </font> </a></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="198" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Soma <br>
Thera</font><br>
<br>
</b>
<img border="0" src="images/Soma_Thera.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Soma Thera @ DhammaTalks.net" width="103" height="100"></td>
<td width="45%" height="198" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books/Soma_Thera_Kalama_Sutta.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Kalama Sutta</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Removal of Distracting Thoughts -
<a href="Books5/Soma_Thera_The_Removal_of_Distracting_Thoughts.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">HTML</font></a> |
<a href="Books13/Soma_Thera-Removal_of_Distracting_Thoughts.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Removal%20of%20Distracting%20Thoughts.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Soma_Thera_The_Way_of_Mindfulness.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Way of
Mindfulness : the Satipatthana Sutta and its Commentary</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="969" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300" rowspan="3">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00" face="Times New Roman">
<b>Ven <a name="Dhammananda">Dr. K. Sri</a> Dhammananda</b></font><p align="center">
<img border="2" src="images/Dhammananda.jpg" style="border-style: solid; border-color: #FFFFFF" alt="Dr K. Sri Dhammananda @ DhammaTalks.net" width="90" height="124"><p> </td>
<td width="40%" height="969" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top" rowspan="3">
<ul>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Are_Buddhists_Idol_Worshippers.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Are
Buddhists Idol Worshippers?</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_and_Astrology.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism and
Astrology</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books5/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_as_a_Religion.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism as a
Religion</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_for_the_Future.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism for
the Future</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_in_a_Scientific_Age.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism
in a Scientific Age</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_Social_Viewpoint.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhism :
Social Viewpoint</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Attitude_towards_other_Religions.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Attitude towards other Religions</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Concept_of_Heaven_and_Hell.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Concept of Heaven and Hell</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Principles_For_Human_Dignity.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Principles For Human Dignity</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Can_religion_bring_peace.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Can Religion
bring Peace?</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Day_to_Day_Buddhist_Practices.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Day to
Day Buddhist Practices</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Duties_of_a_Lay_Buddhist.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Duties of a
Lay Buddhist</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Flower_of_Mankind.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Flower of Mankind</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Great_Virtues_of_the_Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Great
Virtues of the Buddha</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Choose_a_Religion.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to Choose
a Religion?</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Overcome_your_Difficulties.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How
to Overcome your Difficulties</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books3/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Practice_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to Practice Buddhism?</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_reduce_your_Mental_Agony.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How
to Reduce your Mental Agony?</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Human_Dignity_in_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Human Dignity
in Buddhism</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Human_Life.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Human Life</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - his last
discourse</font></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_Buddhism_Practical_Today.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Is Buddhism
Practical Today?</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#006633">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_death_really_frightening.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Is Death Really Frightening?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_it_wrong_to_be_Ambitious.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Is it wrong
to be Ambitious?</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Leading_a_Buddhist_Life.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Leading a
Buddhist Life</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Let_Peace_Prevail_on_Earth.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Let Peace
Prevail on Earth</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Life_is_Uncertain_Death_is_Certain.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Life is Uncertain, Death is Certain</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Moral_and_Ethical_Conduct_of_a_Buddhist.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Moral and Ethical Conduct of a Buddhist</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Noble_Living.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Noble Living</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Problems_and_Responsibilities.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Problems & Responsibilities</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Reason_for_Renunciation.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Reason for
Renunciation</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Religion_in_a_Multi_Religious_Society.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Religion in a Multi Religious Society</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Sayings_of_the_Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sayings of the
Buddha</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Status_of_Women_in_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Status of
Women in Buddhism</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Aim_and_Way_of_Life.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Aim and Way
of Life</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Buddhist_Way.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Buddhist Way</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Purpose_of_Life.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Purpose of Life</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#006633">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Two_Main_Schools_of_Buddhism.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Two Main Schools of Buddhism</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_What_Buddhists_Believe.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What Buddhists Believe? </font> </a> </li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda-What_Buddhists_believe.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What Buddhists
Believe?- Extended</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_What_is_this_Religion.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What is this
Religion?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#006633">
<a href="Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Where_is_the_Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Where is the Buddha?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Who_Creates_Problems.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Who Creates
Problems?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman" color="#006633">
<a href="Books3/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why Buddhism?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Religion.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why Religion?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Religious_Tolerance.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why Religious
Tolerance?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_we_should_practise_Buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why we
should practise Buddhism?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_You_are_Responsible.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">You are Responsible</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="MARGIN: 0in 0in 0pt"> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right:0in; margin-top:0in; margin-bottom:0pt"><font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="video_files.htm#Dhammananda"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right:0in; margin-top:0in; margin-bottom:0pt"> </td>
<td width="12%" height="420" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven <a name="Mahinda">Bhante </a> <br>
Mahinda</font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Bhante_Mahinda2.jpg" width="100" height="137" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF"><p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="420" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><strong sizcache="9" sizset="0" style="font-weight: 400">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Audio/Bhante-Mahinda_Metta-Meditation-Guide.mp3">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Guided Metta Meditation</font></a> - 12MB mp3</font></strong></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<strong sizcache="171" sizset="0" style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="Audio/Bhante-Mahinda_Dedication-after-Practice.mp3">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Guided Instructions on Dedication after Practice</font></a>
- 2MB mp3</strong></font></li>
<li><strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="Books13/Karaniya_Metta_Sutta.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Karaniya Metta Sutta</font></a></strong></li>
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<a href="http://www.alokafoundation.org"><font color="#FFFFFF">Support
Aloka Foundation</font></a></font></strong></li>
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<p align="center"><b>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">
<span onmouseover="_tipon(this)" onmouseout="_tipoff()">
Ven
Ajahn <a name="Dtun">Dtun</a><br>
(Akaradet Thiracitto)</span></font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img src="images/Ajahn_Dtun.jpg" style="border-style:solid; border-color:#FFFFFF; " width="75" height="110"></td>
<td width="45%" height="215" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness Directed to the Body </font><a href="audio_files.htm#Dtun"><font color="#FFFFFF">Audio</font></a>
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</font></li>
<li><font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books13/Ajahn-Dtun_This-is-the-Path.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
This is the Path</font></a> - 10MB</font></li>
</ul>
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<tr>
<td width="12%" height="332" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<span onmouseover="_tipon(this)" onmouseout="_tipoff()">
<a href="http://www.nibbanam.com/NibbanaSermons.pdf" style="color: #00FF00; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent" name="Siripanno">
Ven Ajahn </a><br>
<a href="http://www.nibbanam.com/NibbanaSermons.pdf" style="color: #00FF00; text-decoration: none; background-color: transparent">
Siripanno</a></span></font></b></p>
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/Ajahn_Siripanno.JPG" width="100" height="118" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF"><p> </td>
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<ul>
<li><a href="video_files2.htm#Siripanno"><font color="#FFFFFF">Video</font></a></li>
</ul>
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</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="1123" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300" rowspan="4">
<p align="center" dir="ltr"><b><font color="#00FF00">Ven <a name="Samahita">
Bhikkhu</a> <br>
Samahita</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/Bhikkhu_Samahita.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Bhikkhu Samahita @ DhammaTalks.net" width="80" height="91"></font></b></p>
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<td width="40%" height="1123" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top" rowspan="4">
<p style="margin-left: 25">
<b><font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#CCFF99">
A Collection of
Dhamma Drops </font></b>
</p>
<ul>
<li>
<font color="#990000">
<a href="samahita/Ten_Contemplations_is_Daily_Buddhist_Routine.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">10 Contemplations is Daily Buddhist Routine!
</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Sense_Desire_JUST_a_FLASH_of_DELIGHT.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Flash of Delight </font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Advanced_Right_View.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Advanced Right View</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_Grace_of_Goodwill.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Amazing Grace</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Animal_Rebirth.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Animal
Rebirth</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Appeasing_Anger.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Appeasing
Anger</font></a></span></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Awakening_in_this_very_Life.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Awakening in this very Life!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Being_Beyond_Doubt.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Being
Beyond Doubt!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Blinking_Consciousness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Blinking Conscious Being</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Anapanasati_Samatha_Vipassana.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Calm & Insight
Meditation</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Careful_Attention.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Careful
Attention!</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Causal_Attention_Yoniso_Manasikara.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Causal Attention Breaks Mental Hindrances!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Ceasing_of_all_Pain_with_the_Breath.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Ceasing of All Pain!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/Change_Spells_DANGER.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Change Spells Danger</font></a></strong></li>
<li>
<font color="maroon" face="Papyrus">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; color: #FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Cutting_Craving_Ends_Suffering.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Cutting Craving Ends Suffering!</font></a></span></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Death_Contemplation_is_a_Daily_Routine.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Death
Contemplation is a Daily Routine</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Detached_from_Bodily_and_Mental_Feeling.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Detached from Bodily and Mental Feeling!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Devoted_to_Wakefulness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Devoted to Wakefulness</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Devoured_by_Delight.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Devoured by Delight!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Unhindered_Elevation.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma
Evaporates the Mental Hindrances!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Divine_Contemplation.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Divine
Contemplation</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Do_it_Yourself_DIY.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Do It Yourself (DIY)</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Don't_be_a_Blind_Turtle.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Don't be a Blind Turtle!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Empty_of_What.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Empty of What?</font></a></font><font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Four_Fine_Formless_Fruits.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Four Fine Formless Fruits!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Everything_converges_on_Feeling.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Everything
Converges on Feeling! </font> </a></font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Everything_has_a_Cause.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Everything has a Cause!</font></a> </font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Evaporating_Evil.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Evaporating Evil</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/Gardening_Advice.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Gardening Advice
</font> </a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Gentle_and_Controlled.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Gentle and Controlled</font></a> </font>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Going_Forth_Faith.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Going
Forth Faith</font></a></font></strong></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Hey_Friend_Refine_Your_Mind.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Hey Friend ! Refine Your Mind</font></a>
</font></strong>
</li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/Disgust_Evaporates_Lust_and_Greed.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to
Overcome Lust and Greed?</font></a></strong></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Lethargy_and_Laziness_Ruins_any_Life.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to Cure Heavy
Lethargy and Laziness?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/Reaching_Formlessness_by_Breathing.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to Reach
Formlessness by Breathing?</font></a></strong></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Hug_the_Cosmos.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Hug the
Comos!</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/in_this_very_life.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">In This Very Life !</font></a> </font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Knowing_the_Origin.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Knowing the Origin!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Learning_to_Let_Go.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Learning to Let Go!</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Luang_Pu_Atulo-Solid_Siam.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Luang_Pu_Atulo - Solid_Siam</font></a>!</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="/samahita/Released_by_Friendliness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Luminous is the Mind Released by Friendliness</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Making_Mental_Light.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Making
Mental Light !</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Meditation_Remoulds_Mind_into_Magnificence.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation Moulds the Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/Nature_of_Nibbana.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Nature of Nibbana</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/Nibbana_Realisable_Here_and_Now.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nibbana-Realisable Here and Now!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/No_Ego_No_Problems.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">No Ego = No Problems!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<u><font color="#990000" face="Papyrus">
<span style="font-family: Times New Roman; color: #FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/No_Substance_exists_there%20and_here.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">No Substance exists 'out there', nor any Subject
'in here'!</font></a></span></font></u></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Not_Agitated.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Not Agitated</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Nothing_Emerges_without_a_Proximate_Cause.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nothing Emerges without a Proximate Cause!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Escape_the_Suffering_of_Samsara.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">One Can Escape the Suffering of Samsara!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Only_Absence_of_Contact_is_Peace.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Only Absence of
Contact is Peace!</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Only_Absence_of_Sense_Contact_is_Peace.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Only Absence of Sense Contact is Peace</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Profound_Peace_Cessation_of_Feeling_and_Perception.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Profound Peace in Cessation of Feeling and
Perception</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Pure_is_PEACE_is_Nibbana.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pure is Peace</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Rebirth_Linking_Transmigration.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Rebirth Linking Transmigration</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Samma_Samadhi.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Samma Samadhi
- The 5 Criteria of Evaluation</font></a></span></font><font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="Papyrus"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Seeing_Arising_and_Ceasing_Induces_Calm.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Seeing the Arising & Ceasing induces Calm!</font></a></span></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Seeing_the_Possible_as_Possible.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Seeing the Possible as Possible!</font></a> </font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Serene_is_Equanimity.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Serene
is Equanimity!</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Stilling_of_Sankhara_is_Nibbana.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Stilling of Sankhara is Nibbana</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Soaked_in_Jhana_Joy.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Soaked
in Jhana Joy!</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/The_3_Roots.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 3 Roots of Evil!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_3_Ultimate_Facts.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 3 Ultimate Facts!</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/The_Four_Absolute_Truths.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 4 Absolute Truths</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/4_Noble_Truths_are_ABSOLUTE_CERTAINTY.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 4 Noble Truths are Absolute Certainty!</font></a>
</font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/The_5_Abilities_Producing_Feeling.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 5 Abilities
Producing Feeling</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#0000C1">
<a href="samahita/The_Five_Aggregates_of_Clinging_and_the_Simile_of_the_Prison.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 5 Aggregates of Clinging and the Simile of the Prison</font></a></font></strong></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_Five_Rebirth_Destinations.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 5 Rebirth Destinations - Where Are You Going?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_7_Arahat_Qualities.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 7 Arahat Qualities!</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_7_Fruits_of_the_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 7 Fruits of the 7 Links to Enlightenment !</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/The_7_Latent_Tendencies.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 7 Latent Tendencies (Anusaya)</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/The_7_Links_to_Awakening.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 7 Links to Awakening</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font>
</strong>
</li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_7_Links_to%20_Awakening_develop_Sequentially.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 7 Links to Awakening Develop Sequentially</font></a> </font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/7_Mental_Purifications.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
7 Mental Purifications</font></a></font></li>
<li><strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/The_8_Deliverances_Attha_Vimokkha.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 8
Deliverances (Attha Vimokkha)</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
</strong>
</li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_9_Supreme_Persons.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 9
Supreme Persons</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
</li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_9_Supreme_Persons_EXPLAINED.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 9 Supreme Persons Explained</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font>
</li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/The_Ten_Perfections.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 10 Perfections</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/The_Ten_Perfections_Explained.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 10 Perfections
Explained</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_18_Principal_Insights.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
The 18 Principal Insights</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_Twenty_Kinds_of_False_View_on_Self.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 20 Kinds of False "Self"-Projection</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/40_Classic_Meditation_Objects.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
40 Classic Meditation Objects</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/The_Art_of_Absorption.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Art of Absorption</font></a>
</font>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_Fourfold_Prime_Advantage.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Fourfold Prime Advantage!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<span style="text-decoration: underline">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Illustrated_Life_of_the_Lord_Buddha_page1.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Illustrated Life of the Lord Buddha</font></a>
</font></span></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<span style="text-decoration: underline">
<a href="samahita/Illustrated_Life_of_the_Lord_Buddha_low-resolution.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Illustrated Life of the Lord Buddha</font></a></span>
- lower resolution</font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/The_Noble_Fruit.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Noble
Fruit!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_Proximate_Cause.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">The Proximate_Cause</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/The_Powers_of_Progress.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Powers of Progress! </font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_Samsaric_TRAP.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Samsaric Trap!</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_Sequential_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Sequential 7 Links to Enlightenment !</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/The_Stream_Winner.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Stream Winner!</font></a> <br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
-
<a href="samahita/The_4_Steps_to_Stream_Entrance.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The 4 Stepping Stones to Entering the Stream Supreme!</font></a></font> <br>
- <a href="samahita/The_6_Keys.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The 6 Keys a
Stream Winner uses to Approach Nibbana!</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="samahita/The_Twenty_Kinds_of_False_View_on_Self.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Twenty
Kinds of False Views on Self</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/The_Ultimate_Peace_Nibbana.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
The Ultimate Peace!</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/To_my_Son_Rahula.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">To My Son!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="samahita/Understanding_Feelings.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Understanding Feelings </font> </a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/Unity_in_Harmony.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">United in
Harmony</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a name="the-path">The Middle Path </a> </font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_View.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">What
is Right View?</font></a>, <a href="samahita/Advanced_Right_View.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Advanced Right View</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Motivation.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
What is Right Motivation?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Speech.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">What
is Right Speech?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Action.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">What
is Right Action?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Livelihood.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
What is Right Livelihood?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Effort.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What is Right Effort?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Awareness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">
What is Right Awareness?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/What_is_Right_Concentration.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What is Right Concentration?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/What_are_the_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What are the 7 Links to Enlightenment?</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/Awareness_Sati_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Awareness (Sati) is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a><br>
-
<a href="samahita/Investigation_Dhammavicaya_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Investigation (Dhammavicaya) is a Link to
Enlightenment</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/Energy_Viriya_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Energy (Viriya) is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/Joy_Piti_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Joy (P</font></a></font><a href="samahita/Joy_Piti_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm"><font color="maroon" face="Times New Roman"><span style="color: #FFFFFF">ī</span></font><font color="#FFFFFF">ti)
is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
-
<a href="samahita/Tranquillity_Passadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Tranquillity (Passadhi) is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a><br>
-
<a href="samahita/Concentration_Samadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Concentration (Sam</font></a></font><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><font color="#990000"><span style="color:#FFFFFF; text-decoration:underline">ā</span></font></span></font><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Concentration_Samadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">dhi)
is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a><br>
- <a href="samahita/Equanimity_Upekkha_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Equanimity (Upekkh</font></a></font><a href="samahita/Equanimity_Upekkha_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm"><font size="3" face="Times New Roman"><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><font color="#990000"><span style="color:#FFFFFF; text-decoration:underline">ā</span></font></span></font><font color="#FFFFFF">)
is a Link to Enlightenment</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/What_Buddha_Said_Actually_So.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What Buddha Said: Actually So!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="samahita/What_Causes_Ignorance.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What Causes Ignorance ?</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/What_Feeds_the_Hindrances.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What Feeds the Hindrances?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<u>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<font color="#990000" face="Papyrus">
<span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: Times New Roman; color: #FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Starving_the_Mental_Hindrances.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What is Starving of the </font></a> </span></font></strong>
<a href="samahita/Starving_the_Mental_Hindrances.htm">
<font color="#993300" face="Times New Roman">
<span style="color:#FFFFFF">Mental
Hindrances</span></font><font color="#990000" face="Papyrus"><span lang="EN-GB" style="line-height: 150%; font-family: Times New Roman; color: #FFFFFF"><strong style="font-weight: 400">?</strong></span></font></a></u></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/What_is_Mara.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What is Mara?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/What_Stops_All_Sadness.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">What
Stops all Sadness & Frustration?</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/When_Absorbed_then_Pain_is_Absent.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">When Absorbed then Pain is Absent!</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Why_do_some_gain_Nibbana_while_most_do_not.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why do Some Gain Nibbãna, While Most do not?</font></a></font></li>
<li><strong style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="samahita/WHY_the_MIND_Evades_the_PRESENT.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Why does the Mind
Evade the Present?</font></a></strong></li>
<li><a href="samahita/Without_Clinging.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Without Clinging!</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Without_Controversy.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Without
Controversy!</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="samahita/Without_Doubts.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Without
Doubts!</font></a> </font></li>
<li><a href="samahita/Without_Possessions.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Without Possessions!</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="samahita/Without_Views.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Without Views!</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left: 20"><font color="#CCFF99">more</font></p>
<ul>
<li><a href="Bhikkhu_Samahita.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma Drops</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font> </li>
</ul>
<p> </td>
<td width="12%" height="176" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Ven Ayya <br>
Khema</font></b></p> <p align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Ayya_Khema.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Ayya Khema @ DhammaTalks.net" width="85" height="88"></font></p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="176" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books/Ayya_Khema_All_of_Us_Beset_by_birth_decay_n_death.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">All of Us beset by Birth, Decay, and Death</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Ayya_Khema_Here_and_Now.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Here and Now - Ten Dhamma
Talks</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ayya_Khema_Meditating_on_Forgiveness.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Meditating on
Loving Kindness - Forgiveness</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Ayya_Khema_Meditating_on_No_Self.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Meditating on
No-Self</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Ayya_Khema_The_Meditative_Mind.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">The Meditative Mind</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="236" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b>
<font color="#00FF00">
Ven
<a name="Dipankara">Sayalay</a><br>
Dipankara</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
</b><br>
<img border="0" src="images/Sayalay_Dipankara.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Sayalay Dipankara @ DhammaTalks.net" width="92" height="119"></td>
<td width="45%" height="236" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Sayalay-Dipankara_The-Happiness-of-a-Beautiful-Mind.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Happiness of a Beautiful Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="http://brahmavihari.wix.com/brahmavihari#!international-retreat/cia5"> <font color="#FFFFFF">
Retreat Schedules</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Sayalay-Dipankara_Brahmavihari-Chanting-Book.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Chanting Book</font></a></font></li>
<li> </li>
<li>
<a href="http://brahmavihari.wix.com/brahmavihari#!dhamma/mainPage"><font color="#FFFFFF">Audio</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/brahma-vihari-mc/preparing-the-mind">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati (I) - Preparing the Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/brahma-vihari-mc/anapanasati-ii-concentration">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati (II) - Concentration</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/theveryquietstudio69/anapanasati-to-vipassana-20120301">
<font color="#FFFFFF">From Anapanasati to Vipassana</font></a> (Part I)</font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="https://soundcloud.com/theveryquietstudio69/ananapasati-to-vipassana-part-b-120301">
<font color="#FFFFFF">From Anapanasati to Vipassana (Part II)</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.cakkavala.org/res/eDharma/DhammaEssentials.mp3">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma Essentials</font></a></font></li><font color="#FFFFFF">
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="1" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<font color="#00FF00"><b>
Ven
<a name="Susila">Sayalay</a><br>
Susila</b></font></p>
<p align="center">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<img border="0" src="images/Sayalay_Susila.jpg" width="92" height="117" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Sayalay Susila @ DhammaTalks.net"></font></td>
<td width="45%" height="1" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p style="margin-left: 25"><b><font color="#CCFF99">Dhamma Essence</font></b></p>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Anathapindikovada_Sutta.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Anathapindikovada
Sutta</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Break-through-to-Stream-Entry.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Break Through the Way to Stream Entry</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Contemplation_of_Mind.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Contemplation of Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Counterfeit-of-the-True-Dhamma.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Counterfeit of the True Dhamma</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Dukkha.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Dukkha that
Must be Fully Understood</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/How-to-overcome-Defilements.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">How to Overcome Defilements </font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Indriya_bhavana_Sutta.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Indriya Bhavana Sutta</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Investigation-of-the-Dhamma.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Investigation of the Dhamma</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Kayagata-sati.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Kayagata-sati</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Meditation_Guide.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation Guide</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Metta.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Metta</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Metta_Bhavana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Metta Bhavana</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Mindfulness_of_the_Mind.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mindfulness of the Mind</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Moment_to_Moment_Practice.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Moment to Moment
Practice</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Pain-is-our-Greatest-Teacher.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pain is our Greatest Teacher</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Power_of_Concentration.pdf"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Power of
Concentration</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Process-of-Birth-and-Death.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Process of Birth and Death</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Purpose_of_Practice.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Purpose of Practice</font></a></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Seven_Perceptions.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Seven Perceptions</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Sayalay_Susila/The_Power_of_Samadhi.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Power of Samadhi (Concentration</font></a>)</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/The-Threefold-Training.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Threefold Training</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">An Introduction to the Five Aggregates: </font><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">- 1. </font>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/1.What-are-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">What are the Five Aggregates ?</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- 2. </font><a href="Sayalay_Susila/2.Five-Aggregatess-in-Detail.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Five Aggregates in Detail </font></a>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- 3. </font><a href="Sayalay_Susila/3.Dangers-of-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dangers of the Five Aggregates</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- 4. </font>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/4.Right-View-Regarding-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Right View regarding the Five Aggregates</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left: 25"><font color="#CCFF99"><b>Other Materials</b></font></p>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">A Collection
of Dhamma Dialogues</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - mp3</font></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Collection_at_YouTube.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Collection of Dhamma Talks at YouTube</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Appamada_Vihari.rar"><font color="#FFFFFF">Establishment of
a New Appamada Vihari</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/U.S._TOUR_Sayalay_Susila-2012-2013_edited.xlsx">
<font color="#FFFFFF">USA Retreat & Dhamma Talk Schedule</font></a></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/An_Introduction_to_the_Five_Aggregates-2012_10_15.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">An Introduction to the Five Aggregates</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/Dependent_Origination-PowerPoint.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dependent Origination (PowerPoint)</font></a></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/The-Four-Elements-Meditation.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Four Elements Meditation</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Sayalay_Susila/The_Key_to_Happiness-2012_09_18.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Key to Happiness</font></a></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreat Schedules visit: <a href="http://sayalaysusila.net">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Website</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="712" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">
Khao-suan-luang<br>
</font></b><font color="#00FF00">(Upasika Kee Nanayon)</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
<img border="0" src="images/KhaoSuanLuang.jpg" style="border: 2px solid #FFFFFF" alt="Upasika Kee Nanayon @ DhammaTalks.net" width="80" height="86"></font></b><p align="center"> <p> </td>
<td width="41%" height="712" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_A_Good_Dose_of_Dhamma_for_the_Sick.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Good Dose of Dhamma for the Ill</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Breath_Meditation_Condensed.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Breath Meditation Condensed</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Directions_for_Insight.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Directions for Insight</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Going_Against_the_Flow.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Going Against the Flow</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Looking_Inward.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Looking Inward</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Pure_and_Simple.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Pure & Simple</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Reading_the_Mind.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Reading the Mind</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Stop_Look_n_Let_go.htm"> <font color="#FFFFFF">Stop, Look and Let
Go</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acharn_Kor_Theravadin_Buddhist_Practice.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Upasika Kee Nanayon and the Social Dynamic of Theravadin Buddhist
Practice</font></a></li>
</ul>
<p> </p>
<p> </p>
<p> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="2396" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300" rowspan="4">
<b>
<font color="#FFFFFF"> Others</font></b></td>
<td width="40%" height="2396" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300" valign="top" rowspan="4">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Ven_Suvanno_31_Planes_of_Existence.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">31 Planes of
Existence</font></a><font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhante Acara Suvanno</font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="images/31-Planes-of-Existence_Chart.jpg"><font color="#FFFFFF">
31 Planes of Existence - chart</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF" FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">32 Parts of the Body
- <a href="Articles/32-Parts-of-Body-in-16-Languages.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>,
<a href="Articles/32_Parts_of_Body_Contemplation.pptx">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PPT</font></a><br>
- Contemplation for the Overcoming of the Hindrance of Sensual Pleasures</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Phra_Nanasamvara_Guide_to_Awareness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Guide to
Awareness</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Phra Nanasamvara</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Dhamminda_Bhikkhu_A_Life_Free_from_Money.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Life
Free from Money</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Dhamminda Bhikkhu</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Acariya_Dhammapala_A_Treatise_on_the_Paramis.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A
Treatise on the Paramis</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Acariya Dhammapala</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Ajahn_Jarun-Akaliko.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Akaliko</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <font size="2">- 10
MB</font><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn Jarun Jarunnasampanno</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.aimwell.org/expositionofmetta.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">An Exposition of the Metta Sutta</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Pesala</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/An_Outline_of_the_Buddhas_Teaching.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">An Outline of
the Buddha's Teaching</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Bhikkhuni_Sasana.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Bhikkhuni Sasana
is here Again</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books16/Anapanasati_(ENGLISH)-Sayadaw_Panyananda_(Intagaw-Pa_Auk).pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Anapanasati</font></a><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven U Pannananda (Inntakaw-Pa Auk) </font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Karuniko-Bringing_Dhamma_into_your_Life.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Bringing Dhamma into your Life</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn Karuniko</font></font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
Buddhist Legends
<a href="mobile_books/Buddhist_Legends__Books_1-26_DRAFT_April_2013.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Buddhist_Legends__Books_1-26_DRAFT_April_2013.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a></font><br>
- <font color="#CCFF99">Burlingame E.W.</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Women at the Time of the Buddha -
</font>
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Buddhist-Women-at-the-Time-of-the-Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> | </font>
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Buddhist%20Women%20at%20the%20Time%20of%20the%20Buddha.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><i><br>
</i>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Upasaka Hellmuth Hecker</font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<span class="para">
<a href="Books9/Daniel_Coleman-Buddha_Meditation_Higher_States_of_Consciousness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddha on Meditation & Higher States of Consciousness</font></a></span></font><br>
<font color="#CCFF99" face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
- </font><font color="#CCFF99">Upasaka </font>
<font color="#CCFF99" face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
Daniel Coleman</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books7/Bhikkhu_Khemavamsa_Cittanupassana.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Cittanupassana</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Khemavamsa </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Contemplation_of_the_Dhammas.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Contemplation of the
Dhammas</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Bhante_Varado_Copyright_infringement_and_Vinaya.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Copyright Infringement & Vinaya</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
...compare article below<br>
</font>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Varado</font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Pandita-intellectual-property-in-early-buddhism.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Intellectual Property in Early Buddhism: A Legal
and Cultural Perspective</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> ...compare
article above </font><br>
- Ven Pandita (Burma)</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Dhamminda_Bhikkhu_Words_of_Buddha_Daily.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Daily
Readings from the Buddha's Words of Wisdom</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Dhamminda Bhikkhu</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Piyadassi_Thera_Dependent_Origination.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dependent
Origination</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Piyadassi Thera</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Lama_Gelek_Rinpoche_Developing_Samadhi.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Developing
Samadhi</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Lama Gelek Rinpoche </font> </li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic" color="#CCFF99">
<a href="Articles/Dharma_Family_or_Dysfunctional_Family.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dharma Family or Dysfunctional Family - Food for
Thought</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></font>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Books8/Phra_Visalo-Embrace_Death.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Embrace Death
</font> </a>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
- Ven Phra Paisan Visalo</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Ajahn_Puth_Thaniyo_Following_Nature.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Following
Nature</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn Puth</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Karen_Andrews_Forty_Meditations_Who_should_use_Which.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Forty Meditations:
Who should use Which ?</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Upasika Karen M. Andrews </font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Balacitta_Free_from_Depression.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Free from
Depression</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font>
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">
- Ven Bhikkhu Balacitta</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books4/Various_Bhikkhunis_freeing_the_heart.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Freeing the
Heart</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Various Bhikkhunis</font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="URWPalladioPali">
<a href="Books7/Sumana_Samanera_Going_Forth.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Going Forth: A Call to
Buddhist Monkhood</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Samanera Sumana</font></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books3/Bhante_Dhammika_Good_Question_Good_Answer.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Good Question,
Good Answer </font> </a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhante S. Dhammika</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Hadaya_Vathu_Heart_Base.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Hadaya Vatthu: Heart-Base
for Consciousness</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font> </li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Articles/Kalama_Sutta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Kalama Sutta: 10 Points as Guide through Life</font></a></font></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman"><a href="Books4/Kammatthana.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Kammatthana</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - The Basis of Practice</font></font></li>
<li>
<span class="para"><a href="Books7/Kamma_and_its_Fruit.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Kamma and
its Fruit </font> </a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Various authors</font></span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Phra_Sangwahn_Khemmako_Know_and_Let_Go.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Know and Let
Go</font></a></span><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">- Ven Phra Sangwahn Khemmako</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Silaratano_Mae-Chee-Kaew_Spiritual_Awakening.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Mae Chee Kaew</font><font class="read_online_title"><font color="#FFFFFF"> - Her Journey to Spiritual
Awakening & Enlightenment</font></font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Silaratano</font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books4/Ven_Tippakorn_Sukhito_Make_Up_Your_Mind.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Make Up
Your Mind</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhante Tippakorn Sukhito</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books16/Ven_Punnananda-Meditation_Manual.pdf" style="text-decoration: none">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation Manual</font></a></font><font color="#CCFF99"><br>
- Ven Sayadaw Punnananda</font></li>
<li><a href="Books/Paritta_Self_Protection.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Paritta : Mahamangala,
Ratana & Metta Sutta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu<b> </b>
Dhammavihàrã</font></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Paritta_Protection.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Paritta Pali for Protection</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="images/Path_of_Purification_CHART.jpg"><font color="#FFFFFF">Path of Purification
Chart</font></a></li>
<li>
<font FACE="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Seelananda_Footprints-of-the-Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pilgrimage to Buddhist India</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu T. Seelananda</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Karuniko-Practical_advice.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Practical Advice</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn Karuniko</font></font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="URWPalladioPali">
<font COLOR="#09007c">
<a href="Books7/Bhikkhu_Khantipalo_Practical_Advice_for_Meditators.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Practical Advice for Meditators </font> </a>
</font>
<font COLOR="#FFFFFF">
<br>
</font>
<font COLOR="#CCFF99">
- Ven Bhikkhu Khantipalo</font></font></li>
<li><font FACE="URWPalladioL-Roma">
<a href="Books3/Venerable_Luang_Por_Pieg_Practise_Without_Stopping.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Practise Without Stopping</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - pdf</font></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books5/Luang_Por_Pieg_Practice_without_Stopping.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Practice Without Stopping</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Luang Por Pieg</font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Bhante_Buddharakhita-Samadhi_and_5_Hindrances.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Samadhi and the 5 Hindrances</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhante Buddharakhita</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books11/Luangphor_Poot_Samadhi_Meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Samadhi
Meditation </font> </a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Luang Por Poot</font></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Jagaro_Samatha_and_Vipassana_Meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Samatha and Vipassana Meditation</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn Jagaro</font></li>
<li><a href="Books4/Luangphor_Putt_Seeing_the_Mind.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Seeing the Mind</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Luangphor Putt</font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books10/Joseph_Goldstein-Settling_Back_into_the_Moment.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Settling Back into the Moment</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Upasaka Joseph Goldstein</font></li>
<li><a href="Books16/stories_of_the_departed-petavatthu.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Petavatthu - Stories of the Departed</font></a></li>
<li><a href="Books4/Sutta-Nipata_The_Way_Things_Really_Are.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sutta-Nipata - The Ways Things Really Are</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books14/Bhikkhu_Moneyya-Teaching_and_Training-6th-Edition.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Teaching_and_Training</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- 6th Edition <br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Moneyya</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Buddha: His Life and Teaching -
<a href="Books13/Piyadassi_Thera-The_Buddha-His_Life_and_Teaching.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/The%20Buddha%20-%20His%20Life%20and%20Teaching.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Piyadassi Thera</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pannobhasa-Bhikkhu_Atthakavagga.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Atthakavagga - Sutta Nipata Chapter 4</font></a><br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Pannobhasa</font></li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Articles/Essential_Teachings-Within_Noble_Eightfold_Path.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Essential Teachings</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<font FACE="URWPalladioPali">
<a href="Books7/Nyanasatta_Thera_The_Foundations_of_Mindfulness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Foundations of Mindfulness</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Nyanasatta Thera </font> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books12/U_Silananda_Four_Foundations_of_Mindfulness_A_Summary.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Four Foundations of Mindfulness - a Summary</font></a></font><font color="#CCFF99"><br>
- Ven U. Silananda</font></li>
<li><font size="3" face="Times New Roman">
<span style="font-weight: 400">
<a href="Books2/Acharn_Plien_Panyapatipo_The_Fundamentals_of_Meditation.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Fundamentals of Meditation </font> </a>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Phra Acharn Plien Panyapatipo</font></span></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Life_of_the_Buddha_in_Pictures.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Life of the
Buddha in Pictures</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="Books/Bhikkhu_Sona_Mystery_of_the_Breath_Nimitta.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Mystery of the Breath Nimitta</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Sona</font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Books9/Acharn_Surin-The_Perfections_Leading_to_Enlightenment.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Perfections Leading to Enlightenment</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Acharn Surin Boriharnwanaket</font></font><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
</font> </li>
<li>
<a href="Articles/The_Power_of_Sanna.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Power of Sanna & Sankhara</font></a></li>
<li>
<a href="Books2/Ven_Matara_7_Stages_of_Purification.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">The Seven Stages of</font><font color="#FFFFFF"> Purification &
the Insight Knowledges</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhante Matara Sri Nanarama</font></li>
<li>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<font color="#0000c1">
<a href="Books11/Goenka_The_universal_teaching_of_the_Buddha.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Universal Teaching of the Buddha</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- </font></strong><font color="#CCFF99">
Upasaka </font>
<strong style="font-weight: 400">
<font color="#CCFF99">S.N. Goenka</font></strong></li>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books9/Bhikkhu_Dhammapala_Touching_the_Essence.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Touching
the Essence</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Dhammapala</font></font></li>
<li>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<a href="Articles/Ajahn_Jundee-Turning_Inwards_Seeking_Inner_Happiness.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Turning Inwards: Seeking Inner Happiness</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Ajahn_Jundee</font></font></li>
<li>
</li>
<li>
<u><b><font color="#CCFF99"><a name="Disciples_Series">Lives of the
Disciples Series</a></font></b></u><font color="#CCFF99"> - by Upasaka Hellmuth Hecker<br>
</font><font color="#FFFFFF">- Life of Ananda: The Guardian of the Dhamma -
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Life_of_Ananda.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Life%20of%20Ananda.epub"><font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Life of Anuruddha: Master of the Divine Eye -
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Anuruddha_Master_of_the_Divine_Eye.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Anuruddha%20-%20Master%20of%20the%20Divine%20Eye.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Life of Maha Kaccana: Master of Doctrinal
Exposition -
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Kaccana_Master_of_Doctrinal_Exposition.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Maha%20Kaccana%20-%20Master%20of%20Doctrinal%20Exposition.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Life of Maha Kassapa: Father of the Sangha -
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Kassapa-Father_of_the_Sangha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Maha%20Kassapa%20-%20Father%20of%20the%20Sangha.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Life of Maha Moggallana -
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Moggallana.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Maha-Moggallana.epub"><font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Life of Sariputta -
<a href="Books13/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Life_of_Sariputta.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/The%20Life%20of%20Sariputta.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Lives of the Disciples Part I - </font>
<a href="Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Lives_of_the_Disciples-1.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> | </font>
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Lives%20of%20the%20Disciples%20Part%20I.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books16/great-disciples-of-the-buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Great Disciples of the Buddha: Their Lives, Works
& Legacy</font></a><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99" face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">- Ven
Nyanaponika Thera & Hellmuth Hecker</font></li>
</ul>
</td>
<td width="12%" height="209" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center">
<b><font color="#FFFFFF">Prolonging
the <br>
Buddha Dhamma</font></b></td>
<td width="45%" height="209" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="25" style="margin-left: 25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>Free Dhamma
Books</b></font></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="http://www.inwardpath.org"><font color="#FFFFFF">Click here</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- Inward Path</font></li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.abhayagiri.org/index.php/main/books/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Click here</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> -
Abhayagiri </font> </li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.dhammatalks.org/ebook_index.html#booklist">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Click here</font></a> - Metta Forest Monastery</font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left: 25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>Sponsor Dhamma Books</b></font></p>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="http://www.inwardpath.org"><font color="#FFFFFF">Click here</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- Inward Path</font></li>
<li><a href="http://www.dhammatalks.org/booklist.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Click here</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> - Metta
Forest Monastery</font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left: 25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>Support Initiatives </b></font>
</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://suttacentral.net/donations"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Sutta Central</font></a></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="285" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#FFFFFF"><a name="Sangha_Dana">Supporting the Sangha</a></font></b></td>
<td width="45%" height="285" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.sayalaysusila.net"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Appamada Vihari Meditation Center</font></a><br>
<font color="#CCFF99"> - (Ven Sayalay Susila in Balik Pulau, Penang,
Malaysia)</font></li>
<li><font color="#CCFF99"><a href="https://www.brahmavihari.org/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Brahma Vihari Meditation Center</font></a><br>
- (Ven Sayalay Dipankara)</font></li>
<li><a href="http://www.jhanagrove.org.au/"><font color="#FFFFFF">Jhana Grove Meditation
Centre</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- (Ven Ajahn Brahmavamso</font><font color="#FFFFFF">, </font><font color="#CCFF99">
Buddhist Society of Western Australia)</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="http://www.nandaka.org"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Nandaka Vihara, Penang</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="https://archive.is/20130415114626/http:/nibbinda.org/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Nibbinda Forest Monastery Penang</font></a></li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p dir="ltr"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://upunnananda.blogspot.com/p/introduction-to-ku-doeh-forest_31.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Puññārāma Meditation Centre, Myanmar.</font></a></font></span><br>
<font color="#CCFF99">- (Ven Sayadaw U Puññānanda, Ku Doeh Forest, Gwa,
Myanmar)</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="https://www.facebook.com/pages/Sitavana-Vihara-æè¾¾æ-Penang-Malaysia/131214076958029">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Sitavana Vihara</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<a href="http://www.abhayagiri.org/index.php/main/content/C77">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The
Sanghapala Foundation</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">-
(Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery CA, USA)</font></li>
<li>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="https://tusitainternational.net/en/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Tusita Hermitage</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="1766" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#FFFFFF">Tipitaka</font></b></td>
<td width="45%" height="1766" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p style="margin-right: 10; margin-left:25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>Tipitaka</b></font><ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; "><font FACE="URWPalladioL-Roma">
<a href="Books3/U_Ko_Lay_Guide_to_Tipitaka.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Guide to Tipitaka</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">-
U Ko Lay</font></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; ">
<a href="Pali_Tipitaka/pali_tipitaka_index.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali
Tipitaka</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Sri Lanka Tipitaka Project (SLTP)</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; ">
<a href="https://suttacentral.net/"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sutta Central</font></a> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; ">
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="suttacentral/sc2016/sc"><font color="#FFFFFF">Sutta Central</font></a>
offline version</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; ">
<font color="#ffffff">
<a href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/Books12/Bhadantacariya_Buddhaghosa-Path_of_Purification.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga)</font></a><br>
-</font><font color="#ccff99"> Ven Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; ">
<a href="accesstoinsight/html/tipitaka/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">Tipitaka</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- accesstoinsight.org (USA)</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10; "><a href="tipitaka/index.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">Tipitaka</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">- metta.lk (Sri Lanka)</font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-right: 10; margin-left:25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>1. Vinaya Pitaka</b></font><ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Articles/Bhikkhu_Manual-Vinaya_Notes.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">A Bhikkhu Manual -
Vinaya Notes</font></a></font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Ariyesako & Bhikkhu Nirodho</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Bhikkhu_Nyanatusita-Analysis_of_the_Bhikkhupatimokkha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Translation and Analysis of the Pátimokkha</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Ñanatusita</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<span lang="EN-US" style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: Times New Roman">
<span class="SpellE"><font color="#000000">
<a href="Books5/Bhikkhu_Ariyesako_Bhikkhus_Rules_for_Laypeople.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Bhikkhus</font></a></font></span><font color="#000000"><a href="Books5/Bhikkhu_Ariyesako_Bhikkhus_Rules_for_Laypeople.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Rules A Guide for Laypeople</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Ariyesako</font></span></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10"><a href="Books7/Patimokkhapali_Roman.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàli</font></a><br>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Anandajoti Bhikkhu</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10"><a href="Books7/Patimokkha.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist
Monastic Code (Patimokkha)</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Monastic Code-1 -
<a href="Books9/Buddhist_Monastic_Code_1.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Monastic Code-2 -
<a href="Books9/Buddhist_Monastic_Code_2.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhist Monastic Code 1 & 2 -
<a href="Books15/Buddhist-Monastic-Code1-and-2_v140110.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Buddhist-Monastic-Code_v140110.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Buddhist-Monastic-Code_v140110.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI </font></a><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Articles/Discipline_and_Conventions_for_Western_Sangha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Discipline and Conventions of Theravada Buddhist Renunciate Communities
</font></a>
</font> <i>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
(A Guide for the Western Sangha)</font></i></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books9/Nanachat-Monastic_Etiquette.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Monastic Etiquette</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">-
Ven Ajahn Chandako</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Book of the Discipline -
<a href="Books15/Horner-Book_of_the_Discipline.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
PDF</font></a> | <a href="mobile_books/Book_of_the_Discipline.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Book_of_the_Discipline.mobi"><font color="#FFFFFF">
MOBI</font></a></font><font color="#CCFF99"><br>
- I.B. Horner</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Concise Buddhist Monastic Code 1 -
<a href="Books16/CBMC1_4.2_eBook.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">eBook</font></a> </font> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99"><br>
- Ven Bhikkhu Anon </font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:25"><font color="#00FF00"><b>2.
<a name="Sutta_Pitaka">Sutta Pitaka</a></b></font><ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a title="THE MIDDLE LENGTH DISCOURSES OF THE BUDDHA " href="http://books.google.com/books?id=g5YfHBF10aoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=related:ISBN0700701818#v=onepage&q=&f=false">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima
Nikaya</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- <span class="addmd">Ven Bhikkhu Ñānamoli &
Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi </span>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books14/Sarada_Maha_Thero-The_Illustrated_Dhammapada.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Illustrated Dhammapada</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
</font>
<br>
<font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99">
<a href="Books14/Sarada_Maha_Thero-Treasury_of_Truth-Dhammapada_Text.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Treasury of Truth (Dhammapada Text</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">)</font><br>
- Ven Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero<br>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99"> <span class="addmd">Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi </span></font>
<font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- Anguttara Nikaya -
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu-Bodhi-AN-04-The-Fours-Complete.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Book of Four</font></a></font><br>
<span class="addmd"><font color="#FFFFFF">- <a href="bhikkhu_bodhi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Systematic Study of the Majjhima Nikaya and others</font></a></font></span><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">-
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Majjhima_Nikaya.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">Majjhima
Nikaya</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">-
<a href="Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Samyutta_Nikaya.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Samyutta
Nikaya</font></a></font><br>
</li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr">
<font color="#CCFF99">John D. Ireland, Ven Nyanananda Thera & M. O. C.
Walshe</font><font color="#00FF00"><br>
</font><font color="#FFFFFF">- Samyuta Nikaya Anthology - Sutta Index -
<a href="Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Index.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>
| </font><font color="#CCCCCC">EPUB</font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part I -
<a href="Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-1.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>
| <a href="mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20I.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part II -
<a href="Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-2.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>
| </font>
<a href="mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">E</font></a><font color="#CCCCCC"><a href="mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub"><font color="#FFFFFF">PUB</font></a></font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part III -
<a href="Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-3.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>
|
<a href="mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20III.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><br>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven Nyanaponika Thera</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part I -
<a href="Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-I.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Anguttara%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20I.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part II -
<a href="Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-II.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF </font></a>|
<a href="mobile_books/Anguttara%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part III -
<a href="Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-III.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> | </font><font color="#CCCCCC">EPUB<br>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Handful of Leaves I - Digha Nikaya -</font><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman"><i> </i>
<a href="Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Digha-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> <i>|</i>
<a href="mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-I-Digha-Nikaya.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a><i> | </i>
<a href="mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-I-Digha-Nikaya.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Handful of Leaves II - Majjhima Nikaya - </font>
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Majjhima-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> <i>|</i>
<a href="mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-II-Majjhima-Nikaya.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-II-Majjhima-Nikaya.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">- Dhammapada -
<a href="Books14/dhammapada_v111213.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a>
| <a href="mobile_books/Dhammapada_v120105.epub"><font color="#FFFFFF">
EPUB</font></a> | <a href="mobile_books/Dhammapada_v111213.mobi">
<font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">- Itivuttaka
- This Was Said by The Buddha -
</font><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books14/Itivuttaka_v130528.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> <i>
|</i> <a href="mobile_books/Itivuttaka_v130528.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a> |<span lang="zh-cn"> </span>
<a href="mobile_books/Itivuttaka_v130528.mobi"><font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">- Udana - Exclamations! -
<a href="Books14/udana_v120215.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_books/Udana_v120215.epub"><font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a>
| <a href="mobile_books/Udana_v120215.mobi"><font color="#FFFFFF">MOBI</font></a>
<br>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.buddha-vacana.org">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddha Vacana</font></a> - The Words of the Buddha<br>
</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Download Suttas </font>
<font face="URWPalladioITU-BoldItalic">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
- </font> <a href="sutta/Buddhist_Sutra-A_to_Z-PDF.zip">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> | </font>
<a href="sutta/Buddhist_Sutra_A_to_Z-Doc.zip"><font color="#FFFFFF">DOC</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<p style="margin-left:25">
<font color="#00FF00">
<b>3. Abhidhamma Pitaka</b></font><ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma >
<a href="http://books.google.com.my/books/about/A_comprehensive_manual_of_Abhidhamma.html?id=4-cQAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Please purchase from here</font></a><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books5/Narada_Mahathera_Abhidhamma.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">A Manual of
Abhidhamma</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Narada Mahathera</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Pa_Auk_mp3/Talks.htm#Abhidhamma"><font color="#FFFFFF">Abhidhamma</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF">
- mp3<br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Pa Auk Sayadaw</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Timesz">
<a href="Books6/U_KYAW_MIN_Abhidhamma_Meditation_and_Concentration.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Abhidhamma: Meditation and Concentration</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- </font></font><font color="#CCFF99">
Upasaka </font><font color="#CCFF99" face="Timesz">U Kyaw Min</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="URWPalladioPali-Bold">
<a href="Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera_Abhidhamma_studies.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Abhidhamma
Studies</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- </font> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven Nyanaponika Mahathera</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm#Abhidhamma">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Abhidhamma</font></a></font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm#Abhidhamma"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Discourses</font></a> - mp3<br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
- Ven Sayalay Susila</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books3/Mehm_Buddha_Abhidhamma_Ultimate_Science.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddha
Abhidhamma: Ultimate Science</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Upasaka Dr Mehm Tin Mon </font> </li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books13/Nyanaponika_Mahathera-Guide-through-the-Abhidhamma-Pitaka.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Guide Through the Abhidhamma Pitaka</font></a><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99" face="URWPalladioPali-Bold">- </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven Nyanaponika Mahathera</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99"><font color="#FFFFFF">The Buddhist Philosophy of
Relations -
<a href="Books13/Ledi_Sayadaw-Buddhist_Philosophy_of_Relations.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Buddhist%20Philosophy%20of%20Relations.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font><br>
- Ven Ledi Sayadaw Mahathera</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Abhiddhamma in Practice -
<a href="Books13/Mendis_The-Abhidhamma-in-Practice.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<a href="mobile_eBooks/Abhidhamma%20in%20Practice.epub">
<font color="#FFFFFF">EPUB</font></a></font><br>
<font color="#CCFF99">-Upasaka Dr N.K. Mendis</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="https://www.sayalaysusila.net/dhamma-gallery/books/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Unravelling the Mysteries of Mind and Body through Abhidhamma
</font>
</a>
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<br>
</font>
<font color="#CCFF99">
- Ven Sayalay Susila</font></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="133" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#FFFFFF">Meditation <br>
Retreats</font></b></td>
<td width="45%" height="133" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="http://www.paaukforestmonastery.org/contact.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats at Pa Auk Sayadaw Centres</font></a> </font></li>
<li><a href="http://www.tusitainternational.net/"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Retreats at Tusita Hermitage</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="http://www.nandaka.org">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats at Nandaka</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="http://cms.jhanagrove.org.au/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats by Ven Ajahn Brahm</font></a></font></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/upunnananda">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats by Ven U Punnananda</font></a></font></li>
<li><a href="http://www.brahmavihari.org"><font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats
by Ven Sayalay Dipankara</font></a></li>
<li><font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="http://www.sayalaysusila.net/">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Retreats by Ven Sayalay Susila</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="12%" height="684" valign="top" align="center" bgcolor="#003300">
</td>
<td width="40%" height="684" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300">
</td>
<td width="12%" height="684" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<p align="center"><b><font color="#FFFFFF">Resources</font></b><p> </td>
<td width="45%" height="684" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="accesstoinsight/start.html"><font color="#FFFFFF">Access to
Insight</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font>
</li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="https://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/"><font color="#FFFFFF">Ancient
Buddhist Texts</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Anandajoti Bhikkhu</font><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books7/Buddhacarita_The_Life_of_Buddha.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Buddhacarita : The Life of Buddha</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
</font> <font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Asvaghosa </font> </li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#ffffff">
The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga) -
<a href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/Books12/Bhadantacariya_Buddhaghosa-Path_of_Purification.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">PDF</font></a> |
<font color="#CCCCCC">EPUB</font><br>
-</font><font color="#ccff99"> Ven Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#CCFF99">
<a href="http://www.dhammatalks.net/images/Path_of_Purification_CHART.jpg">
<font color="#FFFFFF">The Path of Purification Chart</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Books13/Ven_Upatissa-Path_of_Freedom_Vimuttimagga.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Path of Freedom (Vimuttimagga</font></a>) </font>
<br>
<font color="#CCFF99">-</font><font color="#00FF00"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven</font><font color="#00FF00"> </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">Upatissa</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Articles/Sharing_merit_Pali-English.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Sharing of Merit</font></a></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<b><font color="#00FF00">Pali Resources</font></b></blockquote>
<ul>
<li>
<font face="Times New Roman">
<a href="http://www.lovingkindnessctdownload.org/web/av/audios/Dhamma_talks/English/A_Course_In_the_pali_language/course_Pali.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Course in the </font> <strong style="font-weight: 400">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali Language</font></strong></a><strong style="font-weight: 400"><font color="#FFFFFF"> <br>
</font><font color="#CCFF99">- Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi</font></strong></font></li>
<li><a href="Buddhist.Dictionary/index_dict.n2.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Buddhist Dictionary</font></a></li>
<li><font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Pali%20Dictionary-Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary%201.doc">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali Dictionary-Concise Pali English Dictionary 1</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/index.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">Pali-English Dictionary</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman">
<a href="Books16/Nyanatiloka_Buddhist_Dictionary.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali-English Dictionary</font></a> - pdf</font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">"Introduction to Pali" by A.K.
Warder <br>
- <a href="Books12/AK_Warder-Introduction_to_Pali-Exercises.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Exercises</font></a> (English to Pali) <br>
- <a href="Books12/AK_Warder-Key_to_Exercises.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">A
Key to the Exercises</font></a> - </font><font face="Times New Roman">
<font color="#CCFF99">Ven Bhikkhu Brahmali </font><font color="#FFFFFF"><br>
- <a href="accesstoinsight/html/lib/authors/kelly/warder-key.html">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Key to the Exercises</font></a> - </font>
<font color="#CCFF99">John Kelly</font></font></li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr">
<font face="Times New Roman" color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/The_Groups-Pali_Terms.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">The
Groups Pali Terms</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
<blockquote>
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr">
<b><font face="Times New Roman" color="#00FF00">Chanting / Puja</font><font color="#00FF00">
Resources</font></b></blockquote>
<ul>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Articles/Bhikkhu_Manual-Essential_Chants.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">A Bhikkhu Manual - Essential Chants</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10"><font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books15/Abhayagiri-Buddhist-Monastery_ChantingBook_rev2010.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Chanting Book - Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery</font></a></font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Books13/Chanting_PALI-and-ENG.pdf.pdf"><font color="#FFFFFF">
Chanting - Pali and English</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<font color="#FFFFFF"><a href="Books7/Pa_Auk_Daily_Chants.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Daily Chants at Pa Auk Meditation Centers</font></a>
</font>
</li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr">
<font color="#FFFFFF">
<a href="Books14/Chanting_book-Tusita_Hermitage.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Daily Chant at Tusita Hermitage, Sarawak - Pali-Eng-Mandarin
</font></a> </font></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10"><a href="Articles/PaliChant.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali Chanting</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10"><a href="Articles/Pali-Thai_Chanting.pdf">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Pali-Thai Chanting</font></a></li>
<li>
<p style="margin-right: 10">
<a href="Chanting-Content%20page,%20body%20and%20pali%20fonts.zip">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Chanting Book - Editable in Doc - Eng-Pali-Mandarin</font></a></li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr"><a href="Articles/Dhamma_Quotes.htm">
<font color="#FFFFFF">Dhamma Quotes & Guides in Realising the Handful of
Leaves</font></a><font color="#FFFFFF"> </font></li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr"> </li>
<li dir="ltr">
<p style="margin-right: 10" dir="ltr"><font color="#FFFFFF">Quotes
on Pics : <a href="quotes-on-pics/page1.htm"><font color="#FFFFFF">Pages</font></a>
| <a href="quotes-on-pics"><font color="#FFFFFF">Directory</font></a></font></li>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
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<td width="40%" height="19" colspan="3" bgcolor="#003300">
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<td width="12%" height="19" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
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<td width="45%" height="19" colspan="3" valign="top" bgcolor="#003300">
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Dhamma Talks (((((0))))) Attaining PEACE with KNOWING & SEEING a Handful of Leaves
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**Ven Ajahn
Chah**
Ajahn Chah @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Message from
Thailand](Books/Ajahn_Chah_A_Message_from_Thailand.htm)
* A Taste
of Freedom - [HTML](Books/Ajahn_Chah_A_Taste_of_Freedom.htm) |
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* [A Tree in a Forest](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Tree_in_a_Forest.pdf) -
pdf
* [A Tree in the
Forest Part 1](Books/Ajahn_Chah_A_Tree_in_the_Forest_Part_1.htm)
* [A Tree in the
Forest Part 2](Books/Ajahn_Chah_A_Tree_in_the_Forest_Part_2.htm)
* [A Gift of Dhamma](Books/Ajahn_Chah_A_Gift_of_Dhamma.htm)
* [A Still Forest Pool](Books2/Ajahn_Chah_A_Still_Forest_Pool.htm)
* [Ajahn Chah's Wisdom](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Ajahn_Chah_s_Wisdom.htm)
* [Bodhiyana](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Bodhiyana.htm)
* [Clarity of Insight](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Clarity_of_Insight.pdf)
* [Even One Word Is
Enough](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Even_One_Word_Is_Enough.htm)
* [Food for the Heart](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Food_for_the_Heart.htm)
* [In the Shape of a Circle](Books12/Ajahn_Chah_In_the_Shape_of_a_Circle.htm)
* In Simple Terms -
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[EPUB](mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_InSimpleTerms_v141020.epub) |
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* It's Like This -
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[EPUB](mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_It'sLikeThis_v130611.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_It'sLikeThis_v130611.mobi)
* [Learning to Listen](Books5/Ajahn_Chah_Learning_to_Listen.htm)
* [Let Your Aim be
Nibbana](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Let_your_Aim_be_Nibbana.htm)
* [Listening Beyond
The Words](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Listening_Beyond_The_Words.htm)
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* [Living in
the World with Dhamma](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Living_in_the_World_with_Dhamma.htm)
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Cobra](Articles/Ajahn_Chah_Living_With_the_Cobra.htm)
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A[jahn
Chah - Birth, Old Age, Sickness & Death](Books13/Ajahn_Chah's-Life_Birth-Old-age-Sickness-Death.pps)
* [Remembrances of His Western Students](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Remembrances_of_His_Western_Students.htm)
* [Right
Restraint](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Right_Restraint.htm)
* [Samma Samadhi](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Samma_Samadhi.htm)
* [Seeing the Way](Books/Ajahn_Chah_SEEING_THE_WAY.htm)
[Still, Flowing Water](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Still_Flowing_Water.htm)
- [PDF](Books15/Ajahn-Chah_Stil-lFlowing-Water_v130527.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_StillFlowingWater_v130526.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Ajahn-Chah_StillFlowingWater_v130526.mobi)
* [Some Final Words](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Some_Final_Words.htm)
* [Suffering on the
Road](Books4/Ajahn_Chah_Suffering_on_the_Road.htm)
* [Suppositions &
Release](Books9/Ajahn_Chah_Suppositions_and_Release.htm)
* [Taking Care
of the Bamboo Grove](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Taking_Care_of_the_Bamboo_Grove.htm)
* [The Dharma
Goes Westward](Articles/Ajahn_Chah_The_Dharma_Goes_Westward.htm)
* [The Early Years of Ajahn
Chah](Articles/Ajahn_Chah_The_Early_Years.pdf)
* [The Exhaustion of
Doubt](Books/Ajahn_Chah_The_Exhaustion_of_Doubt.htm)
* [The Four Noble Truths](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Four_Noble_Truths.htm)
* [The Key to
Liberation](Books2/Ajahn_Chah_The_Key_to_Liberation.htm)
* [The Mind Lets
Go of Itself](Books7/Ajahn_Chah_The_Mind_Lets_Go_of_Itself.pdf)
* [The Path to Peace](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Path_to_Peace.htm)
* [The Teachings of Ajahn
Chah](Books3/The_Teachings_of_Ajahn_Chah.pdf)
* [Timeless Teachings](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Timeless_Teachings.htm)
* [Toward the
Unconditioned](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Toward_the_Unconditioned.htm)
* [Tuccho Pothila](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Tuccho_Pothila.htm)
* [Understanding Dukkha](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Understanding_Dukkha.htm)
* [Understanding Vinaya](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Understanding_Vinaya.htm)
* [Unshakeable Peace](Books2/Ajahn_Chah_UnShakeable_Peace.htm)
* [What is
Contemplation?](Books/Ajahn_Chah_What_is_Contemplation.htm)
* [Why are
We Here?](Books/Ajahn_Chah_Why_are_we_here.htm)
* [Ajahn Chah Quotes](Articles/Ajahn_Chah_Quotes.htm)
*
* [Audio Talks](http://www.Dhammatalks.net/Ajahn_Chah_Audio_Talks.htm)
* [The Collected Teachings of Ajahn Chah](http://www.Dhammatalks.net/Ajahn_Chah_mp3)
- Readings by Ajahn Amaro
**Wat Pah Nanachat**
* [Forest Path](Articles/Forest_Path_1999_small.pdf)
* [Letter from Mara](Articles/Punnadhammo_Letter_from_Mara.pdf)
* [No Thai - No Farang](Articles/No_Thai-No_Farang.PDF)
* [Release](Articles/Release.PDF)
|
**Ven
Pa-Auk
Sayadaw**
Pa Auk Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Access to the
Breath](Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Access_to_the_Breath.pdf)
* [An Introduction to Ānāpānasati](Books7/Pa_Auk_Anapanasati.pdf)
* [Breakthrough in Samatha Meditation and Vipassana
Meditation](Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Breakthrough-in-samatha-meditation-and-vipassana-meditation.pdf)
* [Discerning Patthana Conditions](Books16/discerning-patthana-conditions-revised-by-syd-9maymyo5.pdf)
* [Dispensation's Usage](Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Dispensations-Usage.pdf)
* [How to Make
an End to Suffering](Books7/Pa_Auk_How_to_Make_an_End_to_Suffering.pdf)
* [5 Khandas / Aggregates](Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Five_Khandas.pdf)
-[Rupakkhanda](Books7/Pa_Auk_Rupakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf)
-[Vinnanakkhanda](Books7/Pa_Auk_Vinnanakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf)
-[Vedanakkhanda](Books7/Pa_Auk_Vedanakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf)
-[Sannakkhanda](Books7/Pa_Auk_Sannakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf)
-[Sankharakkhanda](Books7/Pa_Auk_Sankharakkhanda_Pali-Eng.pdf)
* [Knowing and Seeing](Books13/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Knowing-and-Seeing-4th-Ed-2010.pdf)
- 4th Edition
* [Light of Wisdom](Books10/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Light_of_Wisdom.pdf)
* Pa Auk Meditation Manual (scanned)
[-1-](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/1_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf),
[-2-](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/2_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf),
[-3-](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/3_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf),
[-4-](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/4_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf),
[-5-](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/5_Pa-Auk-Meditation-Manual.pdf), ([5
in 1](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw/Pa_Auk_Meditation_Manual_(1-to-5).pdf))
* [Mindfulness of Breathing (Ānāpānassati)](Books10/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Mindfulness_of_Breathing.pdf)
* [Mindfulness of Breathing & Four Elements Meditation](Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_n_Four_Elements.pdf)
* [Paticcasamuppada](Books7/Pa_Auk_Paticcasamuppada_Method_5.pdf)
* -[Nama Kammatthana](Books7/Pa_Auk_Nama_Kammatthana.pdf)
* -[Vipassana Kammatthana](Books7/Pa_Auk_Vipassana_Kammatthana.pdf)
* [Paticcasamuppada Stage - 5th Method](Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_Paticca-Samuppada-Stage-5th-Method.pdf)
* [Teaching\_and\_Training](Books14/Bhikkhu_Moneyya-Teaching_and_Training-6th-Edition.pdf)
(6th Edition)
* [The Chariot to
Nibbana - Part I](Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Chariot_to_Nibbana_Part_I.pdf)
* [The Chariot
to Nibbana - Part II](Books7/Pa_Auk_The_Chariot_to_Nibbana_Part_II.pdf)
* [The Factors of Dependent Origination](Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Factors_of_Dependent_Origination.pdf)
* [The Only Way](Books14/Pa-Auk-Sayadaw_The-Only-Way.pdf)
* [The Way to Practice Anapanasati & the 4 Elements
(Flash Chart)](Books14/Pa-Auk_The-Way-to-Practice-Anapanasati-and-the-4-Elements-Flash_Chart.swf)
* [Pa Auk Tawya System of
Practice (JPEG Chart)](Books14/Pa_Auk_System_of_Practice.jpg)
* [Three Ways Of Discerning Mental Phenomena](Books11/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw-Three_Ways_of_Discerning_Mental_Phenomena.pdf)
* [The Practice Which Leads to Nibbana - Part 1](Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_The_Practice_which_Leads_to_Nibbana.pdf)
* -[Asammoha
Sampajañña-Nana](Books7/Pa_Auk_To_attain_Asammoha_Sampajanna-Nana.pdf)
* -[Udayabbaya-Nana](Books7/Pa_Auk_Udayabbaya-Nana_Stage.pdf)
* [The Workings of Kamma](Books8/Pa_Auk_Workings_of_Kamma.pdf)
* [Towards Eternal
Peace](Books/Pa_Auk_Sayadaw_Towards_Eternal_Peace.pdf)
* [Chanting - Pali, English & Mandarin](Books10/Chanting.pdf)
* [Daily Chants](Books7/Pa_Auk_Daily_Chants.pdf)
*
* [Audio 1](Pa_Auk_mp3/Talks.htm)
* [Audio 2](http://paauktawyausa.org/downloads/english-dhamma-talks/)
* *[Directory 1](Pa_Auk)*
* *[Directory
2](Pa_Auk_Sayadaw)*
* *[Directory
3](Pa_Auk_mp3)*
* *[Directory 4](Pa_Auk_Compilations)*
|
|
**Ven Ariyadhamma Mahathero**
Ariyadhamma Mahathero @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Unwholesome Mental Qualities](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Unwholesome_Mental_Qualities.pdf)
* [Wholesome Mental Qualities](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Wholesome_Mental_Qualities.pdf)
* [The Four Presences Of Mindfulness](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Presences_of_Mindfulness.pdf)
* [The
Four Right Exertions](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Right_Exertions.pdf)
* [The Four Ways To [Attain] Psychic Power (Iddhi pada)](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Four_Ways_to_Attain_Psychic_Power.pdf)
* [The Seven Factors Of Enlightenment
(*Sapta Bojjhanga*)](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Seven_Factors_of_Enlightenment.pdf)
* [The Five [Spiritual] Dominions
(*Panca Indriya*)](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Five_Spiritual_Dominions-(Indriya).pdf)
* [The Five [Spiritual] Capabilities
(*Panca Bala*)](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Five_Spiritual_Capabilities-(Bala).pdf)
* [The
Eight-fold Path](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-The_Eight-fold_Path.pdf)
* [Dependent Origination
*(Paticca Samuppada)*](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Dependent_Origination.pdf)
* [Anapana Sati - Meditation on Breathing](Books2/Mahathera_Nauyane_Ariyadhamma_Anapana_Sati_Meditation_on_Breathing.htm)
* [The
Short Analysis of Kamma](Books11/Ariyadhamma_Mahathera-Short_Analysis_of_Kamma.pdf)
* [Paritta Pali Chanting](audio_files.htm#Ariyadhamma)
|
| **Ven
Ajahn Brahmavamso**
Ajahn Brahm @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Tribute to Ajahn Brahm - Emptiness and Stillness](Books13/A-Tribute-to-Ajahn-Brahm_Emptiness_and_Stillness.pdf)
* [All You Need is Kindness - A Collection of Ajahn
Brahm Quotes](Books14/All-You-Need-Is-Kindfulness_A-Collection-of-Ajahn-Brahm-Quotes.pdf)
* [Anatta](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_ANATTA.htm)
* [Asubha Practice](Books7/Ajahn_Brahmavamso_Asubha_Practice.pdf)
* [Attachment](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Attachment.htm)
* [Bāhiya's Teaching](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_BAHIYA_S_TEACHING.htm)
* [Becoming
Enlightened](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Becoming_Enlightened.htm)
* [Bhikkhunis](Books13/Ajahn_Brahm-Bhikkhunis.pdf)
* [Bliss of Letting Go](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Bliss_of_Letting_GO.htm)
* [Buddhism
: The Only Real Science](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Buddhism_The_Only_Real_Science.htm)
* [Buddhism and
Science](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Buddhism_and_Science.htm)
* [Contemplation of Death](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Contemplation_of_Death.pdf)
* [Deep Insight](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Deep_Insight.htm)
* [Gain, Honour and
Fame](Books9/Ajahn_Brahm_Gain_Honour_and_Fame.htm)
* [Have You Come
Here to Die?](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Have_you_come_here_to_die.htm)
* [I Know, but I
Don't Know: Contemplation of Death](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_Contemplation_of_Death.htm)
* [Dealing
with Difficult People](Books11/Ajahn_Brahm-Dealing_with_Difficult_People.pdf)
* [Decisions, Decisions, Decisions](Books10/Ajahn_Brahmavamso_Decisions-Decisions-Decisions.pdf)
* [Does Life Suck?](Books11/Ajahn_Brahm-Does_life_suck.pdf)
* [In the
Presence of Nibbana](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_In_the_Presence_of%20Nibbana.htm)
* [Joy At Last To Know There Is No Happiness In The World](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Joy_At_Last_To_Know_There_Is_No_Happiness_In_The_World.htm)
* [Living Meaningfully Dying Joyfully](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_Living_Meaningfully_Dying_Joyfully.htm)
* [Meditation: The Heart of Buddhism](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Meditation_the_Heart_of_Buddhism.pdf)
* [Mindfulness, Bliss & Beyond](Books11/Ajahn_Brahm-Mindfulness_Bliss_and_Beyond-Chapters1-4.pdf)
- Chapters 1-4
* [Obstacles](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Obstacles.pdf)
* [On Making a Mistake](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_On_Making_a_Mistake.htm)
* [Paticcasamuppada](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_Paticca_Samuppada_Dependent_Origination.htm)
* [Paticcasamuppada](Books11/Ajahn_Brahm_Paticca_Samuppada_Some_Remarks.htm)-some
remarks
* [Right Effort](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Right_Effort.pdf)
* [Satipatthana](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Satipatthana.htm)
* [Samatha Meditation](Books9/Ajahn_Brahm_Samatha_Meditation.htm)
* [Simply This Moment !](https://bswa.org/online/shop/)
[The Art of Disappearing](https://www.wisdompubs.org/book/art-disappearing)
* [The Basic
Method of Meditation](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Basic_Method_of_Meditation.htm)
* [The Ending of
Things - A Discourse on Non-Self](Books3/Ajahn_Brahm_The_Ending_of_Things.htm)
* The Five Hindrances -
[HTML](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Five_Hindrances.htm) | [PDF](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Five_Hindrances.pdf)
* The Jhanas -
[HTML](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_The_Jhanas.htm)
| [PDF](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_The_Jhanas.pdf)
| [PDF2](Books13/Ajahn_Brahm_The_Jhanas_v2.pdf) | [EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Jhanas.epub)
* [The Path
to Bliss and Wisdom](Books8/Ajahn_Brahm-The_Path_to_Bliss_and_Wisdom.pdf)
* [The Quality
of Mindfulness](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_The_Quality_of_Mindfulness.htm)
* [The Vipallasas:
distortion of view, perception & thoughts perpetuating delusion](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_Vipallasas.pdf)
*
* [Travelogue
to the Four Jhanas](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Travelogue_to_the_Four_Jhanas.htm)
* [Ups and Downs in Life](Books4/Ajahn_Brahm_Ups_and_Downs_in_Life.pdf)
* [Using Non-self
to Let Go](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Using_NonSelf_to_Let_Go.htm)
* [Using Variety to "freshen up" our Meditation](Books/Ajahn_Brahm_Using_variety_to_freshen_up_our_meditation.htm)
* [Vinaya Notes](Books7/Ajahn_Brahmavamso_Vinaya_Notes.pdf)
* [Vinaya : the Four Disrobing Offences](Books5/Ajahn_Brahm_Vinaya_the_Four_Disrobing_Offences.htm)
* [Vinaya : Monks
and Money](Books5/Ajahn_Brahm_Vinaya_Monks_and_Money.htm)
* [Vinaya : Monks and Women, Nuns and Men](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_Vinaya_Monks_and_Women_Nuns_and_Men.htm)
* [Vinaya : What the Buddha say about Eating Meat](Books6/Ajahn_Brahm_What_the_Buddha_say_about_eating_meat.htm)
* [Vinaya : Wrong
Livelihood](Books5/Ajahn_Brahm_Vinaya_Wrong_Livelihood.htm)
* [Wisdom of Science](Books16/Ajahn_Brahm_wisdom_of_silence.pdf)
* [When Does Human Life Begin?](Books7/Ajahn_Brahm_When_Does_Human_Life_Begin.pdf)
*
* [Where is Ajahn
Brahm?](http://www.ajahnbrahm.org/)
*
* [Audio](audio_files.htm#Brahm)
* *[Directory](Ajahn_Brahm)*
|
**Ven
Bhikkhu Thanissaro**
Bhikkhu Thanissaro @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A
Burden Off the Mind - a Study Guide on the Five Aggregates](Books10/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu-A-Burden-off-the-Mind_Aggregates.pdf)
* [A Good Dose of
Medicine](Articles/Thanissaro_A_Good_Dose_of_Medicine.pdf)
* [A Guided Meditation](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_A_Guided_Meditation.htm)
* [A Refuge in
Renunciation](Articles/Thanissaro_a_Refuge_in_Renunciation.pdf)
* [A
True Happiness](Articles/Thanissaro_a_True_Happiness.pdf)
* [All About Change](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_All_About_Change.htm)
* [An
Introduction to Pain](Articles/Thanissaro_an_Introduction_to_Pain.pdf)
* [Basic Breath Meditation Instructions](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Basic_Breath_Meditation_Instructions.htm)
* [Being a Monk
- Alumni Interview](Articles/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Alumni_Interview.htm)
* [Compassion Alone is Never Enough](Books8/Thanissaro_Compassion_Alone_is_Never_Enough.pdf)
* [Handful of Leaves I - Digha Nikaya](Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Digha-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf)
* [Handful of Leaves II - Majjhima Nikaya](Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Majjhima-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf)
* [De-perception](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_De_perception.htm)
* [Emptiness](Articles/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Emptiness.htm)
* [Exploring Possibilities](Books9/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Exploring_Possibilities.pdf)
* [Fears](Articles/Thanissaro_Fears.pdf)
* [Five
Things to Keep in Mind](Articles/Thanissaro_Five_Things_to_Keep_in_Mind.pdf)
* [Generosity First](Articles/Thanissaro_Generosity_First.pdf)
* [Giving Rise
to Discernment](Articles/Thanissaro_Giving_Rise_to_Discernment.pdf)
* [Head & Heart Together: Essays on the Buddhist Path](Books12/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu-Head-and-Heart-Together.pdf "Get the ePub version (189KB)")
* [Heightening the
Mind](Articles/Thanissaro_Heightening_the_Mind.pdf)
* [Imagine](Articles/Thanissaro_Imagine.pdf)
* [Jhana
Not by the Numbers](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Jhana_Not_by_the_Numbers.htm)
* [Jhanas, Concentration & Wisdom](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Jhanas_Concentration_Wisdom.htm)
* [Life in
the Buddha's Hospital](Articles/Thanissaro_Life_in_the_Buddha_s_Hospital.pdf)
* [Maintaining
the Observer](Articles/Thanissaro_Maintaining_the_Observer.pdf)
* [Meditation as
Medicine](Articles/Thanissaro_Meditation_as_Medicine.pdf)
* [Meditations1 - 40 Dhamma Talks](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Meditations_40_Dhamma_Talks.htm)
* [Meditations2 - 39
Dhamma Talks](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Meditations2.pdf)
* [Meditations3 - 46
Dhamma Talks](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Meditations3.pdf)
* [Meditations4 - 42
Dhamma Talks](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu_Meditations4.pdf)
* [Meditations5 - 42 Dhamma Talks](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu_Meditations5.pdf)
* [Mind Like
Fire Unbound](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Mind_Like_Fire_Unbound.htm)
* [Natural Insight](Articles/Thanissaro_Natural_Insight.pdf)
* [No Strings
Attached](Books9/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_No_Strings_Attached.htm)
* [Noble Strategy](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Noble_Strategy.pdf)
* [Non-Violence - a
Study Guide](Books10/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Non_Violence.htm)
* [Polishing the
Mind](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Polishing_the_Mind.htm)
* [Purity of Heart](Books4/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Purity_of_Heart.pdf)
* [Recognizing the Dhamma](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Recognizing%20the%20Dhamma.htm)
* [Respect for
Concentration](Articles/Thanissaro_Respect_for_Concentration.pdf)
* [Respect for Emptiness](Articles/Thanissaro_Respect_for_Emptiness.pdf)
* [Respect for
Heedfulness](Articles/Thanissaro_Respect_for_Heedfulness.pdf)
* [Start Out Small](Articles/Thanissaro_Start_Out_Small.pdf)
* [Skill in Questions -
How the Buddha Taught](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu-Skill_in_Questions-How_the_Buddha_Taught.pdf) full version
* [Skill in Questions -
How the Buddha Taught](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu-Skill_in_Questions-Shorter_Version.pdf) shorter version
* [Skillful Thinking](Articles/Thanissaro_Skillful_Thinking.pdf)
* [Stream Entry
Part 1](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Stream_Entry_Part_1.htm)
* [Stream Entry
Part 2](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Stream_Entry_Part_2.htm)
* [Study Guides](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/index.html)
-
[A Meditator's Tools](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/recollections.html)
-
[Beyond Coping: The Buddha's Teachings on Aging, Illness, Death,
& Separation](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/beyondcoping.html)
-
[Body Contemplation](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/bodymind.html)
-
[The Five Aggregates](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/khandha.html)
-
[The Four Noble Truths](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/truths.html)
-
[Kamma](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/kamma.html)
-
[Merit](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/merit.html)
-
[Noble Conversation](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/conversation.html)
-
[Non-violence](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/nonviolence.html)
-
[Recognizing the Dhamma](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/recognizing.html)
-
[Stream Entry: Part 1](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/stream.html)
-
[Stream Entry: Part 2](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/stream2.html)
-
[The Ten Perfections](accesstoinsight/html/lib/study/perfections.html)
* [The Agendas of Mindfulness](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Agendas_of_Mindfulness.htm)
[The
Buddhas Strategies for Happiness I : Merit](Books15/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Merit_v130613.pdf) -
[EPUB](mobile_books/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Merit_v130613.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Merit_v130613.mobi)* [The
Buddhas Strategies for Happiness II : Discernment](Books15/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Discernment_v140930.pdf) -
[EPUB](mobile_books/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Discernment_v140930.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Discernment_v140930.mobi)
* [The
Components of Suffering](Articles/Thanissaro_The_Components_of_Suffering.pdf)
* [The Customs of the Noble Ones](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Customs_of_the_Noble_Ones.htm)
* [The How
and Why of Meditation](Articles/Thanissaro_The_How_and_Why_of_Meditation.pdf)
* [The Karma
of Questions](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Karma_of_Questions.htm)
* [The Observer](Articles/Thanissaro_the_Observer.pdf)
* [The Path of Concentration & Mindfulness](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Path_of_Concentration_n_Mindfulness.htm)
* [The
Power of the Focused Mind](Articles/Thanissaro_The_Power_of_the_Focused_Mind.pdf)
* [The
Shape of Suffering](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu-The_Shape_of_Suffering.pdf)
* [The
Six Properties](Articles/Thanissaro_the_Six_Properties.pdf)
* [The Steps of Breath Meditation](Books11/Thanissaro_Bhikkhu_The_Steps_of_Breath_Meditation.htm)
* [The Sublime Attitudes](Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_The-Sublime-Attitudes_140828.pdf)
* [The Ten
Perfections- a Study Guide](Books10/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Ten_Perfections.htm)
* [The Ten
Recollections- a Study Guide](Books10/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_The_Ten_Recollections.htm)
* [The Uses
of Pleasure and Pain](Articles/Thanissaro_The_Uses_of_Pleasure_and_Pain.pdf)
* [Using Meditation to Deal with Pain, Illness & Death](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Using_meditation_to_deal_with_Pain_Illness_and_Death.htm)
* [Vipassana - One Tool Among Many](Books/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Vipassana_One_Tool_Among_Many.htm)
* [When You Know For Yourselves ...](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_When_You_Know_for_Yourselves.htm)
* [Wings to
Awakening](Books2/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Wings_to_Awakening.htm)
* [Wings to
Awakening](Books10/Bhikkhu_Thanissaro_Wings_to_Awakening.pdf) - pdf
*
* Pali Canon
- [Dhammapada](Books14/dhammapada_v111213.pdf)
- [Itivuttaka - This Was Said by The Buddha](Books14/Itivuttaka_v130528.pdf)
- [Udana - Exclamations!](Books14/udana_v120215.pdf)
* [Audio](http://www.dhammatalks.org/)
* [Dhammatalks.org](https://www.dhammatalks.org)
|
|
**Ven Buddhadasa
Bhikkhu**
Buddhadasa Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [Anapanasati: Mindfulness of Breathing](Books3/Buddhadasa_Bhikkhu-Anapanasati.pdf)
* [Anapanasati: Mindfulness of Breathing - the Fourth
Tetra](Books3/Buddhadasa_Bhikkhu-Anapanasati-Fourth_Tetra.pdf)
* [Anapanasati: Mindfulness
with Breathing ***- Unveiling the Secrets of Life***](Books3/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Anapanasati_Mindfulness_with_Breathing.htm)
* ***[Buddha Dhamma for University Students](Books5/Buddhadassa_Bhikkhu_Buddha_Dhamma_for_University_Students.pdf)***
* [Dhamma Flows Naturally into Dhamma](Books9/Buddhadasa_Bhikkhu-Dhamma_Flows_Naturally_into_Dhamma.pdf)
* [Dhamma for Agriculturists](Books2/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Dhamma_for_Agriculturists.pdf)
* [Forest Wat, Wild Monks](Books2/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Forest_Wat_Wild_Monks.htm)
* [Handbook for Mankind](Books/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Handbook_for_Mankind.pdf)
* [Happiness & Hunger](Books/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Happiness_and_Hunger.htm)
* [Heart-Wood from the Bo-Tree](Books/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Heart_Wood_from_the_Bo_Tree.htm)
-
[EPUB](mobile_books/Heartwood%20of%20the%20Bodhi%20Tree%20-%20Bhikkhu%20Buddhadasa.epub)
* [Help! The Kalama Sutta, Help!](Books5/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Help_The_Kalama_Sutta_Help.htm)
* [Insight by the Nature Method](Books2/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Insight_by_the_Nature_Method.htm)
* [Keys to Natural Truth](Books2/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Keys_to_Natural_Truth.htm)
* [Looking Within](Books5/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Looking_Within.htm)
* [Natural Cure for Spiritual Disease](Books/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Natural_Cure_for_Spiritual_Disease1.htm)
* [Nibbana for Everyone](Articles/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_NIBBANA_FOR_EVERYONE.htm)
* [No Religion](Books2/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_No_Religion.htm)
* [Patticasamupada - Practical Dependent Origination](Books6/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Paticcasamuppada.htm)
* [Prison of Life](Books/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Prison_of_Life.htm)
* [The ABCs of Buddhism](Books6/Buddhadasa_Bhikkhu_ABC_of_Buddhism.pdf)
* [The Danger of I](Books3/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_The_Danger_of_I.htm)
* [To Act or Not to Act](Books8/Buddhadasa_Bhikkhu-To-Act-Or-Not-To-ACT.pdf)
* [Two Kinds of Language](Books5/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Two_Kinds_of_Language.htm)
* [Walking Meditation Guide](Books10/Bhikkhu_Buddhadasa_Walking_Meditation_Guide%20.htm)
|
**Ven
Maha
Boowa**
Maha Boowa @ DhammaTalks.net |
* [Ajaan Khao Analajo - A True Spiritual](Books4/Maha_Boowa_Ajaan_Khao_Spiritual_Warrior.pdf)
[Warrior](Books4/Maha_Boowa_Ajaan_Khao_Spiritual_Warrior.pdf)
- pdf 4.6 MB- [Amata
Dhamma](Books4/Maha_Boowa_Amata_Dhamma.pdf)
- [Forest Dhamma](Books4/Maha_Boowa_Forest_Dhamma.pdf)
- [Gratitude](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Gratitude.pdf)
- [Human Values, Human Worth](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Human_Values_Human_Worth.pdf)
- [Life of Inner Quality](Books12/Maha_Boowa-Life_of_inner_Quality.pdf) - pdf
- [Medicine for the Mind](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Medicine_for_the_Mind.pdf)
- [Riches Within](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Riches_Within.pdf)
- [Right Here in the Heart](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Right_Here_in_the_Heart.pdf)
- [Samadhi](Books4/Maha_Boowa_Samadhi.htm)
- [Samana](Books12/Maha_Boowa-Samana.pdf)
- in rememberance of
Luangta Maha Boowa
- [Straight From the Heart](Books/Maha_Boowa_Straight_from_the_Heart.htm)
- [Straight From the Heart](Books12/Maha_Boowa-Straight_from_the_Heart.pdf) - pdf
- [Straightening Out the Heart](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Straightening_Out_the_Heart.pdf)
- [The Dhamma Teaching in London](Books/Maha_Boowa_The_Dhamma_Teaching_in_London.htm)
- [The Farewell Night Desana](Books4/Maha_Boowa_farewell_night_desana.htm)
- [The Noble Truths of Family Life, The Noble Truths
of the Heart](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Noble_Truths_of_Family_Life_Noble_Truths_of_the%20Heart.pdf)
- [The Path to Arahantship](Books2/Maha_Boowa_The_Path_to_Arahantship.pdf) - pdf 4MB
- [The Path to Arahantship](Books/Maha_Boowa_The_Path_to_Arahantship.htm)
- [The Supreme Attainments](Books2/Maha_Boowa_The_Supreme_Attainments.pdf)
- [The
Undying](Books/Maha_Boowa_The_Undying.htm)
- [The Venerable Phra Acharn Mun Bhuridatta Thera -
Meditation Master](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Phra_Acharn_Mun_The_Meditation_Master.pdf)
- [Things As They Are](Books/Maha_Boowa_Things_as_They_Are.htm)
- [Things As They Are](Books12/Maha_Boowa-Things_as_They_Are.pdf) - pdf
- [To the Last Breath](Books/Maha_Boowa_To_the_Last_Breath.htm)
- [Tranquillity and Insight](Books/Maha_Boowa_Tranquillity_and_Insight.htm)
- [Water for the Fires of the World](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Water_for_the_Fires_of_the_World.pdf)
- [Wisdom Develops Samadhi](Books2/Maha_Boowa_Wisdom_Develops_Samadhi.pdf) - pdf 2MB
- [Wisdom Develops Samadhi](Books/Maha_Boowa_Wisdom_Develops_Samadhi.htm)
|
| **Ven Anandajoti Bhikkhu**
| * [Ancient
Buddhist Texts](http://ancient-buddhist-texts.net)
* [The](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzPIeCaV-is) [Planes of Existence](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GzPIeCaV-is) @ Youtube
|
**Ven
AjahnAnand Akincano**
Ajahn Anand Akincano @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Developing
Samadhi](Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Developing_Samadhi.htm)
* [Marananussati](Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Marananussati.htm)
* [Samadhi
for Liberation](Books3/Ajahn_Anan_Akincano_Samadhi_for_Liberation.pdf) - pdf
* [Samadhi
for Liberation](Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Samadhi_For_Liberation.htm)
* [Seeking Buddho](Books5/Ajahn_Anand_Akincano_Seeking_Buddho.htm)
|
| **Ven Narada
Mahathera**
Narada Mahathera @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Manual of
Abhidhamma](Books5/Narada_Mahathera_Abhidhamma.pdf)
* The Buddha and His Teachings -
[HTML](Books5/Narada_Mahathera_The_Buddha_and_His_Teachings.htm) |
[PDF](Books13/Narada_Mahathera-The_Buddha_and_His_Teachings.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Buddha%20and%20His%20Teachings.epub)
|
**Ven
Acharn Plien Panyapatipo**
Acharn Plien Panyapatipo @ DhammaTalks.net |
* [A
Practicing Guide to Peace](Books7/Acharn_Plien_A_Practicing_Guide_to_Peace.pdf)
* [Citta
Bhavana](Books7/Acharn_Plien_Mind_Development.pdf)
* [Every
Action Receives Its Result](Books7/Acharn_Plien_Every_Action_Receives_Its_Result.pdf)
* [How To Get Good Results From Doing Merit](Books2/Acharn_Plien_Panyapatipo_How_To_Get_Good_Results_From_Doing_Merit.htm)
* [The Abandoning of Anger](Books5/Acharn_Plien_Abandoning_of_Anger.pdf)
* [Sati-Sampajanna](Books7/Acharn_Plien_Sati-Sampajanna_Mindfulness-Awareness.pdf)
|
| **Ven Bhikkhu
Santikaro**
Santikaro Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Anapanasati -
FAQ](Articles/Bhikkhu_Santikaro_Anapanasati_FAQ.htm)
* [Anatta and
Rebirth
- What's the Contradicton?](Books6/Santikaro_Bhikkhu_Anatta_and_Rebirth.pdf)
* [Mindfulness with Breathing](Articles/Bhikkhu_Santikaro_Mindfulness_With_Breathing.pdf)
* [Reasons for
Anapanasati](Articles/Anapanasati_Reasons_Santikaro.pdf)
* [Tips for Distractions](Articles/Distractions_Tips_Santikaro.pdf)
| **Ven Ajahn Nyanadhammo**
Ajahn Nyanadhammo @ DhammaTalks.net | * [The Power of
Faith](Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_The_Power_of_Faith.pdf)
* [The
Spiritual Faculties](Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_The_Spiritual_Faculties.pdf)
* [Walking
Meditation](Books3/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo_Walking_Meditation.pdf)
* [Discovering Dhamma in Us](Articles/Ajahn_Nyanadhammo-Discovering_Dhamma_in_Us.pdf)
*
* [Video](video_files.htm#Nyanadhammo)
|
|
**Ven Luang Por Liem
Thitadhammo**
Luang Por Liem @ DhammaTalks.net | * [**Following the Footsteps of the
Enlightened Beings**](Books10/Luang_Por_Liem_Following-the-footsteps-of-the-enlightened-beings.pdf)
* [From the Darkness to the Light](Books/Luang_Por_Liem_From%20the%20Darkness%20to%20the%20Light.pdf)
* [Kammatthana](Articles/Luang_Por_Liem-Kammatthana.pdf)
* [No Worries](Books/Luang_Por_Liem_No_Worries.pdf)
* [The One Who
Knows](Articles/Luang_Por_Liem-The_One_Who_Knows.pdf)
* [The Ways of
the Peaceful](Books10/Luang_Por_Liem_The-Ways-of-the-Peaceful.pdf)
* [Walking
with Awareness - a Guide to Walking Meditation](Books11/Luang_Por_Liem-Walking_with_Awareness.pdf)
|
**Ven Ajahn
Suwat Suvaco**
Ajahn Suwat Suvaco @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Fistful of Sand](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_A_Fistful_of_Sand.htm)
* [A Home for the Mind](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_A_Home_for_the_Mind.htm)
* [Blatantly
Clear in the Heart](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Blatantly_Clear_in_the_Heart.htm)
* [Disenchantment](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Disenchantment.htm)
* [Right Attitude](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Right_Attitude.htm)
* [Right Concentration](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Right_Concentration.htm)
* [Straightening Out Your Views](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_Straightening_Out_Your_Views.htm)
* [The
Strategy of a Peaceful Mind](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_The_Strategy_of_a_Peaceful_Mind.htm)
* [To Comprehend
Suffering](Books3/Ajahn_Suwat_To_Comprehend_Suffering.htm)
|
| **Ven Bhante
Mangala**
| * [MP3 Talks](Sayadaw_U_Mangala_and_Buddharakhita)
* [Tusita Chanting Book and Audio Guide files](Sayadaw_U_Mangala/chanting_mp3)
| **Ven
Sayadaw
U. Revata**
Sayadaw Revata | * [Awaken, Oh World !](Books8/Bhikkhu_Revata-Awaken_Oh_World.pdf)
* [The Disciple Within](Books8/Bhikkhu_Revata-The_Disciple_Within.pdf)
* Compilations
- [CD 1](Sayadaw_Revata/CD1/index.html)
- [CD 2](Sayadaw_Revata/CD2/index.html)
- [CD 3](Sayadaw_Revata/CD3/index.html)
- [CD 4](Sayadaw_Revata/CD4/index.html)
* [Audio](Sayadaw_Revata/index.htm)
* [Video](video_files2.htm#Revata)
|
| **Ven Bhante Buddharakkhita**
| * [MP3 Talks](Sayadaw_U_Mangala_and_Buddharakhita)
|
| |
| **Ven BhanteU Vimalaramsi**
Bhante Vimalaramsi @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Anapanasati - Q &
A](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Anapanasati_Q_and_A.htm)
* [Benefits of Learning Meditation](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Benefits_of_learning_meditation.htm)
* [Finding the
Teacher](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Finding_the_Teacher.htm)
* [Jhanas - Q & A](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Jhanas_Q_and_A.htm)
* [Meditation
Terminology List](Books8/Dhammasukha_org-Meditation_Terminology.pdf)
* [The 6 Rs Practice
Guide](Articles/Ven_Vimalaramsi_6Rs_Practice.pdf)
* [The
8-Fold Path in Practical Terms](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_8_Fold_Path_in_Practical_Terms.htm)
* [The
Anapanasati Sutta : A Practical Guide to Mindfulness of Breathing &
Tranquil Wisdom Meditation](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Anapanasati_Sutta_2nd_Ed.pdf)
* [The Bare-Bones Instructions to Mindfulness of Breathing](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_Bare-Bones_Instructions_to_Anapanasati.pdf)
* [The Greater Discourse on the Mass of Suffering](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_The_Greater_Discourse_on_the_Mass_of_Suffering.htm)
* [The
Great Discourse on Origination - Mahanidana Sutta](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_THE_GREAT_DISCOURSE_ON_ORIGINATION.htm)
* [The Noble Eightfold Path and The Visuddhimagga](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Noble_Eightfold_Path_and_Visuddhimagga.htm)
* [Sammāditthi Sutta -
Right View](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Sammaditthi_Sutta.htm)
* [Sariputta's Stream Entry](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Sariputtas_Stream_Entry.htm)
* [Satipatthāna
Sutta - The Foundations of Mindfulness -1](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Satipatthana_Sutta_1.htm)
* [Satipatthāna
Sutta - The Foundations of Mindfulness - 2](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Satipatthana_Sutta_2.htm)
* [Seven
Factors of Enlightenment](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Seven_Factors_of_Enlightenment.htm)
* [Two Kinds of
Thought](Books/Ven_Vimalaramsi_Two_Kinds_of_Thought.htm)
*
* [Audio](http://www.dhammasukha.org/Study/general.htm)
* [Video](video_files.htm#Vimalaramsi)
* [Bhante's
Guidance Online](http://groups.yahoo.com/group/dhammasukha)
|
**Ven Ajahn
Sumedho**
Ajahn Sumedho @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Holiday of the Heart](Books13/Ajahn-Sumedho_A-Holiday-of-the-Heart.pdf)
* [Ajahn Sumedho
Interviewed](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Interviewed.htm)
* [Attending to the Here and Now](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Attending_to_the_Here_and_Now.htm)
* [Being Nobody](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Being_Nobody.htm)
* [Consciousness and Sensitivity](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Consciousness_and_Sensitivity.htm)
* [Cittaviveka](Books2/Ajahn_Sumedho_Cittaviveka.htm)
* [Escape](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Escape.htm)
* [Gratitude to
Parents](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Gratitude_to_Parents.htm)
* [Happiness Forever](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Happiness_Forever.htm)
* [Intuitive Awareness](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Intuitive_Awareness.pdf)
* [Is Buddhism a Religion?](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Is_Buddhism_a_Religion.htm)
* [Let Go of Fire](Books8/Ajahn_Sumedho_Let_Go_of_Fire.htm)
* [Liberating Emotions](Books4/Ajahn_Sumedho_Liberating_Emotions.pdf)
* [Life is Like This](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Life_is_Like_This.htm)
* [Listening to
Thoughts](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Listening_to_Thoughts.htm)
* [Mind
Conditions the World](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Mind_Conditions_the_World.htm)
* [Mindfulness: The Path to the Deathless](Books2/Ajahn_Sumedho_Mindfulness_The_Path_to_the_Deathless.htm)
* [Nirvana Now](Books11/Ajahn_Sumedho_Nirvana_Now.pdf)
* [Noticing Space](Articles/Ajahn_Sumedho_Noticing_Space.htm)
* [Now is the
Knowing](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Now_is_the_Knowing.htm)
* [Only One Breath](Articles/Ajahn_Sumedho_Only_One_Breath.htm)
* [Question Time with
Ajahn Sumedho](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Question_Time.htm)
* [Self and
Self-Naughting](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Self_and_Self_Naughting.htm)
* [Self-view, Personality
and Awareness](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Personality.htm)
* [Suffering
and the Way to Cessation](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Suffering_and_Cessation.htm)
* [Suffering Should be Welcomed](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_Suffering_Should_be_Welcomed.htm)
* [Taking Three Refuges, Eight Precepts and Guided
Meditation](Books13/Ajahn-Sumedho_Taking-Refuges_Guided-Meditation.pdf)
* [The Five
Hindrances](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Five_Hindrances.htm)
* [The Four
Noble Truths](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Four_Noble_Truths.htm)
* [The
Problem with Personality](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Problem_with_Personality.htm)
* [The Real World](Books9/Ajahn_Sumedho_the_Real_World.htm)
* [The Way It Is](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_The_Way_it_is.htm)
* [Universal
Loving Kindness](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Universal_Loving_Kindness.htm)
* [Who We Really Are](Books3/Ajahn_Sumedho_Who_We_Really_Are.htm)
|
| **Ven Ajahn
Fuang Jotiko**
Ajahn Fuang Jotiko @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Single Mind](Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_A_Single_Mind.htm)
* [Awareness Itself](Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Awareness_Itself.htm)
* [Listen Well](Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Listen_Well.htm)
* [Realisation](Books/Ajahn_Fuang_Realisation.htm)
* [Timeless and
True](Articles/Ajahn_Fuang_Jotiko_Timeless_and_True.htm)
|
**Ven Phra Thoon Khippapanno**
Phra Thoon Khippapanno @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Beyond the Stream of the World](Books/Acariya_Thoon_Beyond_the_Stream_of_the_World.htm)
* [Methods of
Walking Meditation](Books10/Acariya_Thoon_Walking_Meditation.htm)
* [Traverse the
Current](Books/Acariya_Thoon_Traverse_the_Current.pdf)
* [EPUB
Books](mobile_books/Phra_Thoon_Khippapanno)
|
| **Ven Prayudh Payutto
Bhikkhu**
Payutto Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net | * **[Aging and Dying](Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Aging_and_Dying.htm)**
* [Dependent
Origination : The Buddhist Law of Conditionality](Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Dependent_Origination.htm)
* [Good, Evil and
Beyond](Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_good_evil_and_beyond.pdf)
* [Helping Yourself to Help Others](Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Helping_Yourself_To_Help_Others.htm)
* [Sammasati : An Exposition
of Right Mindfulness](Books3/Payutto_Bhikkhu_Sammasati.htm)
|
**Ven Piyadassi
Thera
Piyadasi Thera @ DhammaTalks.net** | * [The
Buddha His Life & Teaching](Books9/Piyadassi_Thera-Buddha_His_Life_and_Teaching%20.pdf)
* [The
Buddha's Ancient Path](Books3/Piyadassi_Thera_The_Buddhas_Ancient_Path.htm)
* [The Seven Factors of Enlightenment](Books3/Piyadassi_Thera_The_Seven__Factors_Of_Enlightenment.htm)
|
| **Ven Ajahn
Uthai Siridharo**
Ajahn Uthai Siridharo @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Reaching
the Goodness Within](Books10/Ajahn_Uthai_Reaching_the_Goodness_Within.pdf)
*
* [Video](video_files2.htm#Uthai)
|
**Ven Ajahn Pannavaddho**
Ajahn Pannavaddho @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [The Citta &
Kilesas](Books8/Acharn_Pannavaddho_Citta_and_Kilesas.htm)
* [The Fundamentals of Buddhism](Books11/Ajahn_Panyavaddho-The_Fundamentals_of_Buddhism.pdf)
|
| **Ven Bhikkhu
Bodhi**
Bhikkhu Bodhi @ DhammaTalks.net
[Purchase books
here](http://www.wisdompubs.org/) | * [A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Abhidhamma.pdf)
* [A Look at Kalama
Sutta](Books/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Kalama_Sutta.htm)
* [Anupada Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Anupada_Sutta.htm)
* [Association
with the Wise](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Association_with_the_Wise.htm)
* [Brahmajala Sutta](Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Discourse-All-Embracing_Net_of_Views.pdf)
- Discourse on All-Embracing Net of Views
* [Chachakka Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Chachakka_Sutta.htm)
* [Climbing to the Top of the Mountain](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Climbing-to-the-Top-of-the-Mountain.pdf)
- an interview
* [Cularahulovada
Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Cularahulovada_Sutta.htm)
* [Culatanhasankhaya Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Culatanhasankhaya_Sutta.htm)
* [In the Buddhas Words](http://books.google.com/books?id=AXOD5TeajGoC&printsec=frontcover&vq=An+Anthology+of+Discourses+from+the+Pali+Canon)
- An Anthology of Discourses from the Pali Canon
* [Mahahatthipadopama Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahahatthipadopama_Sutta.htm)
* [Mahanidana Sutta](Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Great_Discourse_on_Causation.pdf)
- Great Discourse on Causation
* [Mahaslayatanika
Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahaslayatanika_Sutta.htm)
* [Mahātanhāsankhaya Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Mahatanhasankhaya_Sutta.htm)
* [Mulapariyaya Sutta](Books11/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Discourse_on_the_Root_of_Existence.pdf)
- Discourse on the Root of Existence
* [Nandakovada Sutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Nandakovada_Sutta.htm)
* [Nibbana](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Nibbana.pdf)
* [Nidanavaggasamyutta](Books9/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Nidanavaggasamyutta.htm)
* [The Five
Spiritual Faculties](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Five_Spiritual_Faculties.htm)
* **[The Jhanas and the Lay Disciples](Books10/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Jhanas_and_the_Lay_Disciples.htm)**
* [The Noble
Eightfold Path](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Noble_Eightfold_Path.htm)
* [The Taste of
Freedom](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_The_Taste_of_Freedom.htm)
* [Transcendental Dependent Arising](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Transcendental_Dependent_Arising.htm)
* [Two
Styles of Insight Meditation](Books2/Bhikkhu_Bodhi_Two_Styles_of_Insight_Meditation.htm)
*
* Nikayas
-
[Majjhima
Nikaya](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Majjhima_Nikaya.pdf)
-
[Samyutta
Nikaya](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Samyutta_Nikaya.pdf)
- Anggutara Nikaya -
[Book of Four](Books16/Bhikkhu-Bodhi-AN-04-The-Fours-Complete.pdf)
*
* [A Course in the **Pali Language**](http://www.lovingkindnessctdownload.org/web/av/audios/Dhamma_talks/English/A_Course_In_the_pali_language/course_Pali.html)
*
* Lectures - MP3 & Notes
- [The Buddha's Teaching As It Is](bhikkhu_bodhi)
- [In The Buddha's Words](bhikkhu_bodhi/in_the_buddhas_words/start.html)
- [Majjhima
Nikaya](bhikkhu_bodhi/majjhima_nikaya/start.html)
- [Sutta Nipata](bhikkhu_bodhi)
|
**Ven Ajahn
Munindo**
Ajahn Munindo @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [Unexpected Freedom](Books9/Ajahn_Munindo_Unexpected_Freedom.pdf)
|
|
**Ven Ñanavira
Thera**
Nanavira Thera @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [Clearing the Path](Books7/Nanavira_Thera-Clearing_the_Path.pdf)
|
| **Ven Thich Thanh Tu**
| * [For the
Aged and the Sick](Books2/Thich_Thanh_Tu_For_the_Aged_and_the_Sick.htm)
* [The Truth](Books2/Thich_Thanh_Tu_The_Truth.htm)
| **Ven
Thich Nhat Hanh**
Thich Nhat Hanh @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [A Guide
to Walking Meditation](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_A_Guide_to_Walking_Meditation.htm)
* *-[The
Practice of Mindfulness 0](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_The_Practice_of_Mindfulness.htm)*
* *-[Mindfulness
of Breathing 1](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_1.htm)*
* *-[Mindfulness
of Breathing 2](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Mindfulness_of_Breathing_2.htm)*
* [Answers from
the Heart](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Answers_from_the_Heart.htm)
* [Going Home](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Going_Home.htm)
* [Living
Buddha, Living Christ](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Living_Buddha_Living_Christ.htm)
* [Meditations for the Sick and Dying](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Meditations_for_the_Sick_and_Dying.htm)
* [No Death, No Fear](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_No_Death_No_Fear.htm)
* [Overcoming the Fear of Death](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Overcoming_the_Fear_of_Death.htm)
* [Peace is Every
Step](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Peace_is_Every_Step.htm)
* [Resting in
the River](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Resting_in_the_River.htm)
* [Taking Care of our Mental Formations and Perceptions](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Taking_Care_of_Mental_Formations_and_Perceptions.htm)
* [The Heart of
the Matter](Books10/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_the_Heart_of_the_Matter.htm)
* [The Nature of
Self](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_The_Nature_of_Self.htm)
* [Transforming Negative Habit Energies](Books2/Thich_Nhat_Hanh_Transforming_Negative_Habit_Energies.htm)
|
| **Ven Sunlun Sayadaw**
Sunlun Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net | * [The Life Story of the Sunlun Gu Kyaung Sayadaw](Books12/Life-Story-of_Sunlun_Sayadaw.pdf)
| **Ven Mingun Sayadaw**
| * The Great Chronicle of Buddhas (75-110 MB each
of **scanned** pages)
-
[Vol-1 Part 1](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-1_Part-1.pdf)
-
[Vol-1 Part 2](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-1_Part-2.pdf)
-
[Vol-2
Part 1](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-2_Part-1.pdf)
-
[Vol-2 Part 2](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-2_Part-2.pdf)
-
[Vol-3](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-3.pdf)
-
[Vol-4](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-4.pdf)
-
[Vol-5](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-5.pdf)
-
[Vol-6 Part 1](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-6_Part-1.pdf)
-
[Vol-6 Part 2](Books14/Mingun_Sayadaw-The_Great_Chronicle_of_Buddhas_Vol-6_Part-2.pdf)
|
|
Ven Ajahn
Pasanno
Ajahn Passano @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Dhamma Compass](Books4/Ajahn_Pasanno_a_Dhamma_Compass.pdf)
* [Anapanasati](Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Anapanasati.htm)
* [Broad View,
Boundless Heart](Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Broad_View_Boundless_Heart.pdf)
* [Foundations of Virtue and Right View](Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Foundations_of_Virtue_and_Right_View.htm)
* [Inner Foundations and Social Action](Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Inner_Foundations_and_Social_Action.htm)
* [Meditation of
the Breath](Books4/Ajahn_Passano_Meditation_of_the_Breath.htm)
* [Practice as
Process](Books5/Ajahn_Passano_Practice_as_Process.htm)
* [Remembering
our Goal](Books5/Ajahn_Passano_Remembering_our_Goal.htm)
* [The Last Breath](Books4/Ajahn_Passano_the_Last_Breath.pdf)
* [The
Proliferating Mind](Books4/Ajahn_Passano_The_Proliferating_Mind.htm)
* [What is
Important?](Books5/Ajahn_Passano_What_Is_Important.htm)
*
* [Dhamma
& the Real World](Books9/Ajahn_Pasanno_Amaro_Dhamma_and_the_Real_World.pdf)
- with Ajahn Amaro
* [The Island](Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Amaro_The_Island.pdf)
-
with Ajahn Amaro
[Audio](#Passano_mp3) |
**Ven Bhikkhu Nyanaponika**
Bhikkhu Nyanaponika @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Abhidhamma
Studies](Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera_Abhidhamma_studies.pdf)
* [Contemplation of Feeling](Books2/Nyanaponika_Thera_Contemplation_of_Feeling.htm)
(Vedana-Samyutta)
* [Kamma and its
Fruit](Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera-Kamma_and_its_Fruit.pdf)
* [Nyanaponika: A Farewell Tribute](Books7/Nyanaponika_A_Farewell_Tribute.pdf)
* The Life of Sāriputta -
[PDF](Books13/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Life_of_Sariputta.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Life%20of%20Sariputta.epub)
* The Five Mental Hindrances & Their Conquest -
[PDF](Books7/Nyanaponika_Five_Mental_Hindrances_n_Their_Conquest.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Five%20Mental%20Hindrances%20and%20Their%20Conquest.epub)
* [The Four
Sublime States](Books11/Nyanaponika_Thera_The_Four_Sublime_States.htm)
* [The Power of Mindfulness](Books2/Nyanaponika_Thera_The%20Power%20of%20Mindfulness.htm)
* [The Roots
of Good and Evil](Books5/Nyanaponika_Thera_Roots_of_Good_and_Evil.pdf)
* [The Word
of The Buddha](Books11/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Word_of_the_Buddha.pdf)
|
|
**Ven Ajahn
Amaro**
Ajahn Amaro @ DhammaTalks.net |
* [Abhayagiri
Newsletter](Articles/Abhayagiri-Newsletter_2009_spring.pdf)
* [Broad View,
Boundless Heart](Books9/Ajahn_Amaro-Broad_View-Boundless_Heart.pdf)
* [Dhamma & the Real World](Books9/Ajahn_Pasanno_Amaro_Dhamma_and_the_Real_World.pdf)
- with Ajahn Pasanno
* [Small Boat,
Great Mountain](Books9/Ajahn_Amaro_Small-Boat_Great-Mountain.pdf)
* [The
Island](Books9/Ajahn_Passano_Amaro_The_Island.pdf)
- with Ajahn Pasanno
* [You
Mean Im Going to Die Too?](Books9/Ajahn_Amaro_etc_You-Mean-Im-Going-to-Die-Too.pdf)
- with others at a forum
|
**Ven Ajahn
Chandako**
Ajahn Chandako @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [A Honed and
Heavy Ax : Samatha and Vipassanâ in Harmony](Books9/Ajahn_Chandako_A_Honed_and_Heavy_Axe.pdf) - pdf
* [A
Honed and Heavy Ax : Samatha and Vipassanâ in Harmony](Books3/Ajahn_Chandako_Samatha_and_Vipassana_in_Harmony.htm)
* [A Mind of Harmony](Books3/Ajahn_Chandako_Mind_of_Harmony.htm)
* [Everybody
Loves Some Body](Books9/Ajahn_Chandako_Everybody_Loves_Some_Body.pdf)
|
|
**Ven Ayasma Aggacitta**
Aggacita Bhikkhu @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Coping with a Handful of Leaves](Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Coping_with_a_handful_of_Leaves.htm)
* [Potentialities of the Developed Mind](Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Potentialities-of-the-Developed-Mind.pdf)
* [Preparing the Mind for Death](Books7/Aggacitta_Bhikkhu_Preparing-the-Mind-for-Death.pdf)
* [A Formula for Worldly & Spiritual Success](http://dhammatalks.net/Ayasma_Aggacita/a-formula-for-worldly-spiritual-success.mp3)
|
**Ven Dhammavuddho Thero**
Dhammavuddho @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Liberation](Books4/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Liberation.pdf)
* [Message of The Buddha](Books11/Bhikkhu_Dhammavuddho-Message_of_the_Buddha.pdf)
* [Mindfulness, Recollection & Concentration](Books3/Dhammavuddho_Thero_Mindfulness_Recollection_n_Concentration.pdf)
* [Only We Can
Help Ourselves](Books4/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Only_We_Can_Help_Ourselves.pdf)
* [The Five
Illusionists](Books5/Bhante_Dhammavuddho_Thera_Five_illusionists.pdf)
[Video](video_files.htm#Dhammavuddho) |
| **Ven Bhikkhu
Ñānadassana**
Bhikkhu Nanadassana @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [73 Knowledges](Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_73-Knowledges.pdf)
* [Karaniya
Metta Sutta- the Message of Peace and Universal Friendliness](Books10/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_Karaniya_Metta_Sutta.pdf)
* [Ratana Sutta: the Discourse on the Three Superb Jewels and
Their Intrinsic Power](Books11/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_Ratana-Sutta-The-Three-Superb-Jewels.pdf)
* [Gratitude](Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_n_Mahinda-Gratitude.pdf)**-** Bhikkhu
Ñānadassana & Mahinda Wijesinghe
* [Ten Ways of Making Merit](Books8/Bhikkhu_Nyanadassana_n_Mahinda_Ten-ways-of-making-MERIT.pdf)
- Bhikkhu
Ñānadassana & Mahinda Wijesinghe
|
**Ven Sayadaw U
Jotika**
Sayadaw Jotika @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Map of the
Journey](Books4/Sayadaw_U_Jotika_Map_of_Journey.pdf)
* [Snow in the
Summer](Books4/Sayadaw_U_Jotika_Snow_in_the_Summer.pdf)
*
* [Audio](mp3/Jotika)
|
| **Ven Ajahn
Viradhammo
Ajahn Viradhammo @ DhammaTalks.net** | * [Affectionate
Living](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Affectionate_Living.htm)
* [Bringing the Teachings Alive](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Bringing_the_Teachings_Alive.htm)
* [Going Forth](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Going_Forth.htm)
* [So What](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_So_What.htm)
* [The S](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Stillness.pdf)[tillness
of Being](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_Stillness.pdf)
* [The End of
Rebirth](Books5/Ajahn_Viradhammo_The_End_of_Rebirth.htm)
| **Ven Ajahn
Suchart**
| * [An Insight
into Buddhism](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_An_Insight_into_Buddhism.htm)
* [Dhamma for the
Laity](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Dhamma_for_the_Laity.htm)
* [Faith](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Faith.htm)
* [Mental Development](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Mental_Development.htm)
* [Self Reliance](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Self_Reliance.htm)
* [Sensual
Pleasures Are Painful](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Sensual_Pleasures_Are_Painful.htm)
* [Ten
Unwholesome Actions](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Ten_Unwholesome_Actions.htm)
* [Ten Ways to
Make Merits](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_Ten_Ways_to_Make_Merits.htm)
* [The Five
Spiritual Powers](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_The_Five_Spiritual_Powers.htm)
* [The Path to
Enlightenment](Books4/Ajahn_Suchart_The_Path_to_Enlightenment.htm)
|
| **Ven Ajahn
Tiradhammo**Ajahn Tiradhammo @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Joy
in Spiritual Practice](Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Joy_in_Spiritual_Practice.htm)
* [Rounding
Out the Practice](Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Rounding_Out_the_Practice.htm)
* [The Essence of the Buddha's Teaching](Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_Essence_of_the_Buddha_s_Teaching.htm)
* [The Practice of Metta in Insight Meditation](Books5/Ajahn_Tiradhammo_The_Practise_of_Metta_in_Insight_Meditation.htm)
| **Ven Ajahn
Jayasaro**
Ajahn Jaysaro @ DhammaTalks.net | * [The
Early Years of Venerable Ajahn Chah](Books5/Ajahn_Jayasaro_Early_Years_of_Ajahn_Chah.htm)
* [Wings of the
Eagle](Books5/Ajahn_Jayasaro_Wings_of_the_Eagle.htm)
[Videos](http://www.what-buddha-taught.net/video_files.htm#Jayasaro)
|
|
**Ven Ledi
Sayadaw**
Ledi Sayadaw @ DhammaTalks.net | * [The Requisites of Enlightenment: Bodhipakkhiya
Dipani](/Books14/Ledi_Sayadaw-Requisites_of_Enlightenment.pdf)
|
**Ven Bhikkhu
Buddha Dhatu**
Bhikkhu Buddha Dhatu @ DhammaTalks.net
| * [Returning from
Death](Books5/Buddha_Dhatu_Returning_from_Death.pdf)
* [The
Truth of the Messengers](Books5/Buddha_Dhatu_The_Truth_of_the_Messengers.pdf)
|
| **Ven Ajahn
Brahmali**
Ajahn Brahmali @ DhammaTalks.net | * [A Response to Ven. Bhikkhu Bodhis Paper on Paññāvimutta](Books12/Ajahn_Brahmali_A_Response_to_Bhikkhu_Bodhi_on_Pannavimutta.htm)
[Jh](Books6/Ajahn_Brahmali_Jhana_and_Lokuttarajjhana.htm)[āna
and Lokuttarajjhāna](Books6/Ajahn_Brahmali_Jhana_and_Lokuttarajjhana.htm)
* [Satipatthāna &
Samādhi](http://67-20-123-22.unifiedlayer.com/articles/item/2067-satipaá¹á¹hÄna-and-samÄdhi-by-ajahn-brahmali.html)
| **Ven Bhikkhu
Ñanamoli**
Nanamoli @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Mindfulness of Breathing](Books7/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_Mindfulness_of_Breathing.pdf)
* [Right View: The
Sammaditthi Sutta
and its Commentary](Books8/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_Right_View.htm)
* [The Lion's
Roar](Books2/Bhikkhu_Nanamoli_The_Lion_s_Roar.htm)
|
| **Ven Luang Pu
Atulo
Luang Po Atulo @ DhammaTalks.net** | * [Atulo - The Heart is Knowing](Books/Ajaan_Atulo_Atulo.htm)
* [Gifts He Left Behind -
Dhamma Legacy](Books/Ajaan_Atulo_Dhamma_Legacy.htm)
|
**Ven Soma
Thera**
Soma Thera @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Kalama Sutta](Books/Soma_Thera_Kalama_Sutta.htm)
* The Removal of Distracting Thoughts -
[HTML](Books5/Soma_Thera_The_Removal_of_Distracting_Thoughts.htm) |
[PDF](Books13/Soma_Thera-Removal_of_Distracting_Thoughts.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Removal%20of%20Distracting%20Thoughts.epub)
* [The Way of
Mindfulness : the Satipatthana Sutta and its Commentary](Books10/Soma_Thera_The_Way_of_Mindfulness.htm)
|
|
**Ven Dr. K. Sri Dhammananda**
Dr K. Sri Dhammananda @ DhammaTalks.net | * [Are
Buddhists Idol Worshippers?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Are_Buddhists_Idol_Worshippers.pdf)
* [Buddhism and
Astrology](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_and_Astrology.pdf)
* [Buddhism as a
Religion](Books5/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_as_a_Religion.pdf)
* [Buddhism for
the Future](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_for_the_Future.pdf)
* [Buddhism
in a Scientific Age](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_in_a_Scientific_Age.pdf)
* [Buddhism :
Social Viewpoint](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhism_Social_Viewpoint.pdf)
* [Buddhist Attitude towards other Religions](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Attitude_towards_other_Religions.pdf)
* [Buddhist Concept of Heaven and Hell](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Concept_of_Heaven_and_Hell.htm)
* [Buddhist Principles For Human Dignity](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Buddhist_Principles_For_Human_Dignity.pdf)
* [Can Religion
bring Peace?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Can_religion_bring_peace.pdf)
* [Day to
Day Buddhist Practices](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Day_to_Day_Buddhist_Practices.pdf)
* [Duties of a
Lay Buddhist](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Duties_of_a_Lay_Buddhist.pdf)
* [Flower of Mankind](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Flower_of_Mankind.pdf)
* [Great
Virtues of the Buddha](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Great_Virtues_of_the_Buddha.pdf)
* [How to Choose
a Religion?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Choose_a_Religion.pdf)
* [How
to Overcome your Difficulties](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Overcome_your_Difficulties.pdf)
* [How to Practice Buddhism?](Books3/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_Practice_Buddhism.pdf)
* [How
to Reduce your Mental Agony?](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_How_to_reduce_your_Mental_Agony.htm)
* [Human Dignity
in Buddhism](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Human_Dignity_in_Buddhism.pdf)
* [Human Life](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Human_Life.htm) - his last
discourse
* [Is Buddhism
Practical Today?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_Buddhism_Practical_Today.pdf)
* [Is Death Really Frightening?](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_death_really_frightening.htm)
* [Is it wrong
to be Ambitious?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Is_it_wrong_to_be_Ambitious.pdf)
* [Leading a
Buddhist Life](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Leading_a_Buddhist_Life.pdf)
* [Let Peace
Prevail on Earth](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Let_Peace_Prevail_on_Earth.pdf)
* [Life is Uncertain, Death is Certain](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Life_is_Uncertain_Death_is_Certain.htm)
* [Moral and Ethical Conduct of a Buddhist](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Moral_and_Ethical_Conduct_of_a_Buddhist.pdf)
* [Noble Living](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Noble_Living.pdf)
* [Problems & Responsibilities](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Problems_and_Responsibilities.htm)
* [Reason for
Renunciation](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Reason_for_Renunciation.pdf)
* [Religion in a Multi Religious Society](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Religion_in_a_Multi_Religious_Society.pdf)
* [Sayings of the
Buddha](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Sayings_of_the_Buddha.pdf)
* [Status of
Women in Buddhism](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Status_of_Women_in_Buddhism.pdf)
* [The Aim and Way
of Life](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Aim_and_Way_of_Life.pdf)
* [The Buddhist Way](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Buddhist_Way.pdf)
* [The Purpose of Life](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_The_Purpose_of_Life.pdf)
* [Two Main Schools of Buddhism](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Two_Main_Schools_of_Buddhism.htm)
* [What Buddhists Believe?](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_What_Buddhists_Believe.htm)
* [What Buddhists
Believe?- Extended](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda-What_Buddhists_believe.pdf)
* [What is this
Religion?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_What_is_this_Religion.pdf)
* [Where is the Buddha?](Books2/Bhante_Dhammananda_Where_is_the_Buddha.pdf)
* [Who Creates
Problems?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Who_Creates_Problems.pdf)
* [Why Buddhism?](Books3/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Buddhism.pdf)
* [Why Religion?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Religion.pdf)
* [Why Religious
Tolerance?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_Religious_Tolerance.pdf)
* [Why we
should practise Buddhism?](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_Why_we_should_practise_Buddhism.pdf)
* [You are Responsible](Books6/Bhante_Dhammananda_You_are_Responsible.pdf)
*
* [Video](video_files.htm#Dhammananda)
|
**Ven Bhante
Mahinda**
| * **[Guided Metta Meditation](Audio/Bhante-Mahinda_Metta-Meditation-Guide.mp3) - 12MB mp3**
* **[Guided Instructions on Dedication after Practice](Audio/Bhante-Mahinda_Dedication-after-Practice.mp3)
- 2MB mp3**
* **[Karaniya Metta Sutta](Books13/Karaniya_Metta_Sutta.pdf)**
*
* **[Support
Aloka Foundation](http://www.alokafoundation.org)**
|
| **Ven
Ajahn Dtun
(Akaradet Thiracitto)**
| * Mindfulness Directed to the Body [Audio](audio_files.htm#Dtun)
* [This is the Path](Books13/Ajahn-Dtun_This-is-the-Path.pdf) - 10MB
|
| **[Ven Ajahn](http://www.nibbanam.com/NibbanaSermons.pdf)
[Siripanno](http://www.nibbanam.com/NibbanaSermons.pdf)**
| * [Video](video_files2.htm#Siripanno)
|
| **Ven Bhikkhu
Samahita
Bhikkhu Samahita @ DhammaTalks.net** |
**A Collection of
Dhamma Drops**
* [10 Contemplations is Daily Buddhist Routine!](samahita/Ten_Contemplations_is_Daily_Buddhist_Routine.htm)
* [A Flash of Delight](samahita/Sense_Desire_JUST_a_FLASH_of_DELIGHT.htm)
* [Advanced Right View](samahita/Advanced_Right_View.htm)
* [Amazing Grace](samahita/The_Grace_of_Goodwill.htm)
* [Animal
Rebirth](samahita/Animal_Rebirth.htm)
* [Appeasing
Anger](samahita/Appeasing_Anger.htm)
* [Awakening in this very Life!](samahita/Awakening_in_this_very_Life.htm)
* [Being
Beyond Doubt!](samahita/Being_Beyond_Doubt.htm)
* [Blinking Conscious Being](samahita/Blinking_Consciousness.htm)
* [Calm & Insight
Meditation](samahita/Anapanasati_Samatha_Vipassana.htm)
* [Careful
Attention!](samahita/Careful_Attention.htm)
* [Causal Attention Breaks Mental Hindrances!](samahita/Causal_Attention_Yoniso_Manasikara.htm)
* [Ceasing of All Pain!](samahita/Ceasing_of_all_Pain_with_the_Breath.htm)
* **[Change Spells Danger](samahita/Change_Spells_DANGER.htm)**
* [Cutting Craving Ends Suffering!](samahita/Cutting_Craving_Ends_Suffering.htm)
* [Death
Contemplation is a Daily Routine](samahita/Death_Contemplation_is_a_Daily_Routine.htm)
* [Detached from Bodily and Mental Feeling!](samahita/Detached_from_Bodily_and_Mental_Feeling.htm)
* [Devoted to Wakefulness](samahita/Devoted_to_Wakefulness.htm)
* [Devoured by Delight!](samahita/Devoured_by_Delight.htm)
* [Dhamma
Evaporates the Mental Hindrances!](samahita/Unhindered_Elevation.htm)
* [Divine
Contemplation](samahita/Divine_Contemplation.htm)
* [Do It Yourself (DIY)](samahita/Do_it_Yourself_DIY.htm)
* [Don't be a Blind Turtle!](samahita/Don't_be_a_Blind_Turtle.htm)
* [Empty of What?](samahita/Empty_of_What.htm)
* [Four Fine Formless Fruits!](samahita/Four_Fine_Formless_Fruits.htm)
* [Everything
Converges on Feeling!](samahita/Everything_converges_on_Feeling.htm)
* [Everything has a Cause!](samahita/Everything_has_a_Cause.htm)
* [Evaporating Evil](samahita/Evaporating_Evil.htm)
* [Gardening Advice](samahita/Gardening_Advice.htm)
* [Gentle and Controlled](samahita/Gentle_and_Controlled.htm)
* **[Going
Forth Faith](samahita/Going_Forth_Faith.htm)**
* **[Hey Friend ! Refine Your Mind](samahita/Hey_Friend_Refine_Your_Mind.htm)**
* **[How to
Overcome Lust and Greed?](samahita/Disgust_Evaporates_Lust_and_Greed.htm)**
* [How to Cure Heavy
Lethargy and Laziness?](samahita/Lethargy_and_Laziness_Ruins_any_Life.htm)
* **[How to Reach
Formlessness by Breathing?](samahita/Reaching_Formlessness_by_Breathing.htm)**
* [Hug the
Comos!](samahita/Hug_the_Cosmos.htm)
* [In This Very Life !](samahita/in_this_very_life.htm)
* [Knowing the Origin!](samahita/Knowing_the_Origin.htm)
* [Learning to Let Go!](samahita/Learning_to_Let_Go.htm)
* [Luang\_Pu\_Atulo - Solid\_Siam](samahita/Luang_Pu_Atulo-Solid_Siam.htm)!
* [Luminous is the Mind Released by Friendliness](/samahita/Released_by_Friendliness.htm)
* [Making
Mental Light !](samahita/Making_Mental_Light.htm)
* [Meditation Moulds the Mind](samahita/Meditation_Remoulds_Mind_into_Magnificence.htm)
* [Nature of Nibbana](samahita/Nature_of_Nibbana.htm)
* [Nibbana-Realisable Here and Now!](samahita/Nibbana_Realisable_Here_and_Now.htm)
* [No Ego = No Problems!](samahita/No_Ego_No_Problems.htm)
* [No Substance exists 'out there', nor any Subject
'in here'!](samahita/No_Substance_exists_there%20and_here.htm)
* [Not Agitated](samahita/Not_Agitated.htm)
* [Nothing Emerges without a Proximate Cause!](samahita/Nothing_Emerges_without_a_Proximate_Cause.htm)
* [One Can Escape the Suffering of Samsara!](samahita/Escape_the_Suffering_of_Samsara.htm)
* [Only Absence of
Contact is Peace!](samahita/Only_Absence_of_Contact_is_Peace.htm)
* [Only Absence of Sense Contact is Peace](samahita/Only_Absence_of_Sense_Contact_is_Peace.htm)
* [Profound Peace in Cessation of Feeling and
Perception](samahita/Profound_Peace_Cessation_of_Feeling_and_Perception.htm)
* [Pure is Peace](samahita/Pure_is_PEACE_is_Nibbana.htm)
* [Rebirth Linking Transmigration](samahita/Rebirth_Linking_Transmigration.htm)
* [Samma Samadhi
- The 5 Criteria of Evaluation](samahita/Samma_Samadhi.htm)
* [Seeing the Arising & Ceasing induces Calm!](samahita/Seeing_Arising_and_Ceasing_Induces_Calm.htm)
* [Seeing the Possible as Possible!](samahita/Seeing_the_Possible_as_Possible.htm)
* [Serene
is Equanimity!](samahita/Serene_is_Equanimity.htm)
* [Stilling of Sankhara is Nibbana](samahita/Stilling_of_Sankhara_is_Nibbana.htm)
* [Soaked
in Jhana Joy!](samahita/Soaked_in_Jhana_Joy.htm)
* [The 3 Roots of Evil!](samahita/The_3_Roots.htm)
* [The 3 Ultimate Facts!](samahita/The_3_Ultimate_Facts.htm)
* [The 4 Absolute Truths](samahita/The_Four_Absolute_Truths.htm)
* [The 4 Noble Truths are Absolute Certainty!](samahita/4_Noble_Truths_are_ABSOLUTE_CERTAINTY.htm)
* [The 5 Abilities
Producing Feeling](samahita/The_5_Abilities_Producing_Feeling.htm)
* **[The 5 Aggregates of Clinging and the Simile of the Prison](samahita/The_Five_Aggregates_of_Clinging_and_the_Simile_of_the_Prison.htm)**
* [The 5 Rebirth Destinations - Where Are You Going?](samahita/The_Five_Rebirth_Destinations.htm)
* [The 7 Arahat Qualities!](samahita/The_7_Arahat_Qualities.htm)
* [The 7 Fruits of the 7 Links to Enlightenment !](samahita/The_7_Fruits_of_the_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm)
* [The 7 Latent Tendencies (Anusaya)](samahita/The_7_Latent_Tendencies.htm)
* **[The 7 Links to Awakening](samahita/The_7_Links_to_Awakening.htm)**
* [The 7 Links to Awakening Develop Sequentially](samahita/The_7_Links_to%20_Awakening_develop_Sequentially.htm)
* [The
7 Mental Purifications](samahita/7_Mental_Purifications.htm)
* **[The 8
Deliverances (Attha Vimokkha)](samahita/The_8_Deliverances_Attha_Vimokkha.htm)**
* [The 9
Supreme Persons](samahita/The_9_Supreme_Persons.htm)
* [The 9 Supreme Persons Explained](samahita/The_9_Supreme_Persons_EXPLAINED.htm)
* [The 10 Perfections](samahita/The_Ten_Perfections.htm)
* [The 10 Perfections
Explained](samahita/The_Ten_Perfections_Explained.htm)
* [The 18 Principal Insights](samahita/The_18_Principal_Insights.htm)
* [The 20 Kinds of False "Self"-Projection](samahita/The_Twenty_Kinds_of_False_View_on_Self.htm)
* [The
40 Classic Meditation Objects](samahita/40_Classic_Meditation_Objects.htm)
* [The Art of Absorption](samahita/The_Art_of_Absorption.htm)
* [The Fourfold Prime Advantage!](samahita/The_Fourfold_Prime_Advantage.htm)
* [The Illustrated Life of the Lord Buddha](samahita/Illustrated_Life_of_the_Lord_Buddha_page1.htm)
* [The Illustrated Life of the Lord Buddha](samahita/Illustrated_Life_of_the_Lord_Buddha_low-resolution.htm)
- lower resolution
* [The Noble
Fruit!](samahita/The_Noble_Fruit.htm)
* [The Proximate\_Cause](samahita/The_Proximate_Cause.htm)
* [The Powers of Progress!](samahita/The_Powers_of_Progress.htm)
* [The Samsaric Trap!](samahita/The_Samsaric_TRAP.htm)
* [The Sequential 7 Links to Enlightenment !](samahita/The_Sequential_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm)
* [The
Stream Winner!](samahita/The_Stream_Winner.htm)
-
[The 4 Stepping Stones to Entering the Stream Supreme!](samahita/The_4_Steps_to_Stream_Entrance.htm)
- [The 6 Keys a
Stream Winner uses to Approach Nibbana!](samahita/The_6_Keys.htm)
* [The Twenty
Kinds of False Views on Self](samahita/The_Twenty_Kinds_of_False_View_on_Self.htm)
* [The Ultimate Peace!](samahita/The_Ultimate_Peace_Nibbana.htm)
* [To My Son!](samahita/To_my_Son_Rahula.htm)
* [Understanding Feelings](samahita/Understanding_Feelings.htm)
* [United in
Harmony](samahita/Unity_in_Harmony.htm)
* The Middle Path
- [What
is Right View?](samahita/What_is_Right_View.htm), [Advanced Right View](samahita/Advanced_Right_View.htm)
- [What is Right Motivation?](samahita/What_is_Right_Motivation.htm)
- [What
is Right Speech?](samahita/What_is_Right_Speech.htm)
- [What
is Right Action?](samahita/What_is_Right_Action.htm)
- [What is Right Livelihood?](samahita/What_is_Right_Livelihood.htm)
- [What is Right Effort?](samahita/What_is_Right_Effort.htm)
- [What is Right Awareness?](samahita/What_is_Right_Awareness.htm)
- [What is Right Concentration?](samahita/What_is_Right_Concentration.htm)
* [What are the 7 Links to Enlightenment?](samahita/What_are_the_7_Links_to_Enlightenment.htm)
- [Awareness (Sati) is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Awareness_Sati_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
-
[Investigation (Dhammavicaya) is a Link to
Enlightenment](samahita/Investigation_Dhammavicaya_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
- [Energy (Viriya) is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Energy_Viriya_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
- [Joy (P](samahita/Joy_Piti_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)[īti)
is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Joy_Piti_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
-
[Tranquillity (Passadhi) is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Tranquillity_Passadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
-
[Concentration (Sam](samahita/Concentration_Samadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)ā[dhi)
is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Concentration_Samadhi_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
- [Equanimity (Upekkh](samahita/Equanimity_Upekkha_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)[ā)
is a Link to Enlightenment](samahita/Equanimity_Upekkha_is_a_Link_to_Enlightenment.htm)
* [What Buddha Said: Actually So!](samahita/What_Buddha_Said_Actually_So.htm)
* [What Causes Ignorance ?](samahita/What_Causes_Ignorance.htm)
* [What Feeds the Hindrances?](samahita/What_Feeds_the_Hindrances.htm)
* **[What is Starving of the](samahita/Starving_the_Mental_Hindrances.htm)**
[Mental
Hindrances**?**](samahita/Starving_the_Mental_Hindrances.htm)
* [What is Mara?](samahita/What_is_Mara.htm)
* [What
Stops all Sadness & Frustration?](samahita/What_Stops_All_Sadness.htm)
* [When Absorbed then Pain is Absent!](samahita/When_Absorbed_then_Pain_is_Absent.htm)
* [Why do Some Gain Nibbãna, While Most do not?](samahita/Why_do_some_gain_Nibbana_while_most_do_not.htm)
* **[Why does the Mind
Evade the Present?](samahita/WHY_the_MIND_Evades_the_PRESENT.htm)**
* [Without Clinging!](samahita/Without_Clinging.htm)
* [Without
Controversy!](samahita/Without_Controversy.htm)
* [Without
Doubts!](samahita/Without_Doubts.htm)
* [Without Possessions!](samahita/Without_Possessions.htm)
* [Without Views!](samahita/Without_Views.htm)
more* [Dhamma Drops](Bhikkhu_Samahita.htm)
|
**Ven Ayya
Khema**
Ayya Khema @ DhammaTalks.net | * [All of Us beset by Birth, Decay, and Death](Books/Ayya_Khema_All_of_Us_Beset_by_birth_decay_n_death.htm)
* [Here and Now - Ten Dhamma
Talks](Books2/Ayya_Khema_Here_and_Now.htm)
* [Meditating on
Loving Kindness - Forgiveness](Books4/Ayya_Khema_Meditating_on_Forgiveness.htm)
* [Meditating on
No-Self](Books4/Ayya_Khema_Meditating_on_No_Self.htm)
* [The Meditative Mind](Books8/Ayya_Khema_The_Meditative_Mind.pdf)
|
|
**Ven
Sayalay
Dipankara**
Sayalay Dipankara @ DhammaTalks.net | * [The Happiness of a Beautiful Mind](Books14/Sayalay-Dipankara_The-Happiness-of-a-Beautiful-Mind.pdf)
* [Retreat Schedules](http://brahmavihari.wix.com/brahmavihari#!international-retreat/cia5)
* [Chanting Book](Books14/Sayalay-Dipankara_Brahmavihari-Chanting-Book.pdf)
*
* [Audio](http://brahmavihari.wix.com/brahmavihari#!dhamma/mainPage)
* [Anapanasati (I) - Preparing the Mind](https://soundcloud.com/brahma-vihari-mc/preparing-the-mind)
* [Anapanasati (II) - Concentration](https://soundcloud.com/brahma-vihari-mc/anapanasati-ii-concentration)
* [From Anapanasati to Vipassana](https://soundcloud.com/theveryquietstudio69/anapanasati-to-vipassana-20120301) (Part I)
* [From Anapanasati to Vipassana (Part II)](https://soundcloud.com/theveryquietstudio69/ananapasati-to-vipassana-part-b-120301)
* [Dhamma Essentials](http://www.cakkavala.org/res/eDharma/DhammaEssentials.mp3)
|
|
**Ven
Sayalay
Susila**
Sayalay Susila @ DhammaTalks.net | **Dhamma Essence*** [Anathapindikovada
Sutta](Sayalay_Susila/Anathapindikovada_Sutta.pdf)
* [Break Through the Way to Stream Entry](Sayalay_Susila/Break-through-to-Stream-Entry.pdf)
* [Contemplation of Mind](Sayalay_Susila/Contemplation_of_Mind.pdf)
* [Counterfeit of the True Dhamma](Sayalay_Susila/Counterfeit-of-the-True-Dhamma.pdf)
* [Dukkha that
Must be Fully Understood](Sayalay_Susila/Dukkha.pdf)
* [How to Overcome Defilements](Sayalay_Susila/How-to-overcome-Defilements.pdf)
* [Indriya Bhavana Sutta](Sayalay_Susila/Indriya_bhavana_Sutta.pdf)
* [Investigation of the Dhamma](Sayalay_Susila/Investigation-of-the-Dhamma.pdf)
* [Kayagata-sati](Sayalay_Susila/Kayagata-sati.pdf)
* [Meditation Guide](Sayalay_Susila/Meditation_Guide.pdf)
* [Metta](Sayalay_Susila/Metta.pdf)
* [Metta Bhavana](Sayalay_Susila/Metta_Bhavana.pdf)
* [Mindfulness of the Mind](Sayalay_Susila/Mindfulness_of_the_Mind.pdf)
* [Moment to Moment
Practice](Sayalay_Susila/Moment_to_Moment_Practice.pdf)
* [Pain is our Greatest Teacher](Sayalay_Susila/Pain-is-our-Greatest-Teacher.pdf)
* [Power of
Concentration](Sayalay_Susila/Power_of_Concentration.pdf)
* [Process of Birth and Death](Sayalay_Susila/Process-of-Birth-and-Death.pdf)
* [Purpose of Practice](Sayalay_Susila/Purpose_of_Practice.pdf)
* [Seven Perceptions](Sayalay_Susila/Seven_Perceptions.pdf)
* [The Power of Samadhi (Concentration](Sayalay_Susila/The_Power_of_Samadhi.pdf))
* [The
Threefold Training](Sayalay_Susila/The-Threefold-Training.pdf)
* An Introduction to the Five Aggregates:
- 1.
[What are the Five Aggregates ?](Sayalay_Susila/1.What-are-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf)
- 2. [The Five Aggregates in Detail](Sayalay_Susila/2.Five-Aggregatess-in-Detail.pdf)
- 3. [Dangers of the Five Aggregates](Sayalay_Susila/3.Dangers-of-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf)
- 4.
[Right View regarding the Five Aggregates](Sayalay_Susila/4.Right-View-Regarding-the-Five-Aggregates.pdf)
**Other Materials*** [A Collection
of Dhamma Dialogues](Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm) - mp3
* [A Collection of Dhamma Talks at YouTube](Sayalay_Susila/Collection_at_YouTube.htm)
* [Establishment of
a New Appamada Vihari](Sayalay_Susila/Appamada_Vihari.rar)
* [USA Retreat & Dhamma Talk Schedule](Sayalay_Susila/U.S._TOUR_Sayalay_Susila-2012-2013_edited.xlsx)
*
* [An Introduction to the Five Aggregates](Sayalay_Susila/An_Introduction_to_the_Five_Aggregates-2012_10_15.pdf)
* [Dependent Origination (PowerPoint)](Sayalay_Susila/Dependent_Origination-PowerPoint.pdf)
* [The Four Elements Meditation](Sayalay_Susila/The-Four-Elements-Meditation.pdf)
* [The Key to Happiness](Sayalay_Susila/The_Key_to_Happiness-2012_09_18.pdf)
*
* Retreat Schedules visit: [Website](http://sayalaysusila.net)
|
| **Khao-suan-luang**(Upasika Kee Nanayon)
**Upasika Kee Nanayon @ DhammaTalks.net** | * [A Good Dose of Dhamma for the Ill](Books/Acharn_Kor_A_Good_Dose_of_Dhamma_for_the_Sick.htm)
* [Breath Meditation Condensed](Books/Acharn_Kor_Breath_Meditation_Condensed.htm)
* [Directions for Insight](Books/Acharn_Kor_Directions_for_Insight.htm)
* [Going Against the Flow](Books/Acharn_Kor_Going_Against_the_Flow.htm)
* [Looking Inward](Books/Acharn_Kor_Looking_Inward.htm)
* [Pure & Simple](Books/Acharn_Kor_Pure_and_Simple.htm)
* [Reading the Mind](Books/Acharn_Kor_Reading_the_Mind.htm)
* [Stop, Look and Let
Go](Books/Acharn_Kor_Stop_Look_n_Let_go.htm)
* [Upasika Kee Nanayon and the Social Dynamic of Theravadin Buddhist
Practice](Books/Acharn_Kor_Theravadin_Buddhist_Practice.htm)
|
| **Others** | * [31 Planes of
Existence](Books10/Ven_Suvanno_31_Planes_of_Existence.pdf)
- Ven Bhante Acara Suvanno
* [31 Planes of Existence - chart](images/31-Planes-of-Existence_Chart.jpg)
* 32 Parts of the Body
- [PDF](Articles/32-Parts-of-Body-in-16-Languages.pdf),
[PPT](Articles/32_Parts_of_Body_Contemplation.pptx)
- Contemplation for the Overcoming of the Hindrance of Sensual Pleasures
* [A Guide to
Awareness](Books5/Phra_Nanasamvara_Guide_to_Awareness.pdf)
- Ven Phra Nanasamvara
* [A Life
Free from Money](Books4/Dhamminda_Bhikkhu_A_Life_Free_from_Money.htm)
- Ven Dhamminda Bhikkhu
* [A
Treatise on the Paramis](Books/Acariya_Dhammapala_A_Treatise_on_the_Paramis.htm)
- Ven Acariya Dhammapala
* [Akaliko](Books7/Ajahn_Jarun-Akaliko.pdf) - 10
MB
- Ven Ajahn Jarun Jarunnasampanno
* [An Exposition of the Metta Sutta](http://www.aimwell.org/expositionofmetta.html)
- Ven Bhikkhu Pesala
* [An Outline of
the Buddha's Teaching](Articles/An_Outline_of_the_Buddhas_Teaching.htm)
* [Bhikkhuni Sasana
is here Again](Books7/Bhikkhuni_Sasana.pdf)
* [Anapanasati](Books16/Anapanasati_(ENGLISH)-Sayadaw_Panyananda_(Intagaw-Pa_Auk).pdf)
- Ven U Pannananda (Inntakaw-Pa Auk)
* [Bringing Dhamma into your Life](Articles/Ajahn_Karuniko-Bringing_Dhamma_into_your_Life.pdf)
- Ven Ajahn Karuniko
* Buddhist Legends
[EPUB](mobile_books/Buddhist_Legends__Books_1-26_DRAFT_April_2013.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Buddhist_Legends__Books_1-26_DRAFT_April_2013.mobi)
- Burlingame E.W.
* Buddhist Women at the Time of the Buddha -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Buddhist-Women-at-the-Time-of-the-Buddha.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Buddhist%20Women%20at%20the%20Time%20of%20the%20Buddha.epub)
- Upasaka Hellmuth Hecker
* [Buddha on Meditation & Higher States of Consciousness](Books9/Daniel_Coleman-Buddha_Meditation_Higher_States_of_Consciousness.pdf)
- Upasaka
Daniel Coleman
* [Cittanupassana](Books7/Bhikkhu_Khemavamsa_Cittanupassana.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Khemavamsa
* [Contemplation of the
Dhammas](Articles/Contemplation_of_the_Dhammas.pdf)
* [Copyright Infringement & Vinaya](Books10/Bhante_Varado_Copyright_infringement_and_Vinaya.htm)
...compare article below
- Ven Bhikkhu Varado
* [Intellectual Property in Early Buddhism: A Legal
and Cultural Perspective](Books16/Bhikkhu_Pandita-intellectual-property-in-early-buddhism.pdf) ...compare
article above
- Ven Pandita (Burma)
* [Daily
Readings from the Buddha's Words of Wisdom](Books4/Dhamminda_Bhikkhu_Words_of_Buddha_Daily.pdf)
- Ven Dhamminda Bhikkhu
* [Dependent
Origination](Books8/Piyadassi_Thera_Dependent_Origination.pdf)
- Ven Piyadassi Thera
* [Developing
Samadhi](Books3/Lama_Gelek_Rinpoche_Developing_Samadhi.htm)
- Ven Lama Gelek Rinpoche
* [Dharma Family or Dysfunctional Family - Food for
Thought](Articles/Dharma_Family_or_Dysfunctional_Family.htm)
* [Embrace Death](Books8/Phra_Visalo-Embrace_Death.pdf)
- Ven Phra Paisan Visalo
* [Following
Nature](Books2/Ajahn_Puth_Thaniyo_Following_Nature.htm)
- Ven Ajahn Puth
* [Forty Meditations:
Who should use Which ?](Articles/Karen_Andrews_Forty_Meditations_Who_should_use_Which.htm)
- Upasika Karen M. Andrews
* [Free from
Depression](Books9/Bhikkhu_Balacitta_Free_from_Depression.htm)
- Ven Bhikkhu Balacitta
* [Freeing the
Heart](Books4/Various_Bhikkhunis_freeing_the_heart.pdf)
- Various Bhikkhunis
* [Going Forth: A Call to
Buddhist Monkhood](Books7/Sumana_Samanera_Going_Forth.pdf)
- Ven Samanera Sumana
* [Good Question,
Good Answer](Books3/Bhante_Dhammika_Good_Question_Good_Answer.pdf)
- Ven Bhante S. Dhammika
* [Hadaya Vatthu: Heart-Base
for Consciousness](Articles/Hadaya_Vathu_Heart_Base.htm)
* [Kalama Sutta: 10 Points as Guide through Life](Articles/Kalama_Sutta.htm)
* [Kammatthana](Books4/Kammatthana.htm) - The Basis of Practice
* [Kamma and
its Fruit](Books7/Kamma_and_its_Fruit.pdf)
- Various authors
* [Know and Let
Go](Books4/Phra_Sangwahn_Khemmako_Know_and_Let_Go.htm)
- Ven Phra Sangwahn Khemmako
* [Mae Chee Kaew - Her Journey to Spiritual
Awakening & Enlightenment](Books9/Bhikkhu_Silaratano_Mae-Chee-Kaew_Spiritual_Awakening.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Silaratano
* [Make Up
Your Mind](Books4/Ven_Tippakorn_Sukhito_Make_Up_Your_Mind.htm)
- Ven Bhante Tippakorn Sukhito
* [Meditation Manual](Books16/Ven_Punnananda-Meditation_Manual.pdf)
- Ven Sayadaw Punnananda
* [Paritta : Mahamangala,
Ratana & Metta Sutta](Books/Paritta_Self_Protection.htm)
- Ven Bhikkhu
Dhammavihàrã
* [Paritta Pali for Protection](Books9/Paritta_Protection.htm)
* [Path of Purification
Chart](images/Path_of_Purification_CHART.jpg)
* [Pilgrimage to Buddhist India](Books9/Bhikkhu_Seelananda_Footprints-of-the-Buddha.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu T. Seelananda
* [Practical Advice](Articles/Ajahn_Karuniko-Practical_advice.pdf)
- Ven Ajahn Karuniko
* [Practical Advice for Meditators](Books7/Bhikkhu_Khantipalo_Practical_Advice_for_Meditators.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Khantipalo
* [Practise Without Stopping](Books3/Venerable_Luang_Por_Pieg_Practise_Without_Stopping.pdf) - pdf
* [Practice Without Stopping](Books5/Luang_Por_Pieg_Practice_without_Stopping.htm)
- Ven Luang Por Pieg
* [Samadhi and the 5 Hindrances](Articles/Bhante_Buddharakhita-Samadhi_and_5_Hindrances.pdf)
- Ven Bhante Buddharakhita
* [Samadhi
Meditation](Books11/Luangphor_Poot_Samadhi_Meditation.htm)
- Ven Luang Por Poot
* [Samatha and Vipassana Meditation](Articles/Ajahn_Jagaro_Samatha_and_Vipassana_Meditation.htm)
- Ven Ajahn Jagaro
* [Seeing the Mind](Books4/Luangphor_Putt_Seeing_the_Mind.htm)
- Ven Luangphor Putt
* [Settling Back into the Moment](Books10/Joseph_Goldstein-Settling_Back_into_the_Moment.pdf)
- Upasaka Joseph Goldstein
* [Petavatthu - Stories of the Departed](Books16/stories_of_the_departed-petavatthu.pdf)
* [Sutta-Nipata - The Ways Things Really Are](Books4/Sutta-Nipata_The_Way_Things_Really_Are.pdf)
* [Teaching\_and\_Training](Books14/Bhikkhu_Moneyya-Teaching_and_Training-6th-Edition.pdf)
- 6th Edition
- Ven Bhikkhu Moneyya
* The Buddha: His Life and Teaching -
[PDF](Books13/Piyadassi_Thera-The_Buddha-His_Life_and_Teaching.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Buddha%20-%20His%20Life%20and%20Teaching.epub)
- Ven Piyadassi Thera
* [The Atthakavagga - Sutta Nipata Chapter 4](Books14/Pannobhasa-Bhikkhu_Atthakavagga.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Pannobhasa
[The Essential Teachings](Articles/Essential_Teachings-Within_Noble_Eightfold_Path.pdf) * [The
Foundations of Mindfulness](Books7/Nyanasatta_Thera_The_Foundations_of_Mindfulness.pdf)
- Ven Nyanasatta Thera
* [The Four Foundations of Mindfulness - a Summary](Books12/U_Silananda_Four_Foundations_of_Mindfulness_A_Summary.htm)
- Ven U. Silananda
* [The Fundamentals of Meditation](Books2/Acharn_Plien_Panyapatipo_The_Fundamentals_of_Meditation.htm)
- Ven Phra Acharn Plien Panyapatipo
* [The Life of the
Buddha in Pictures](Articles/Life_of_the_Buddha_in_Pictures.htm)
* [The
Mystery of the Breath Nimitta](Books/Bhikkhu_Sona_Mystery_of_the_Breath_Nimitta.htm)
- Ven Bhikkhu Sona
* [The Perfections Leading to Enlightenment](Books9/Acharn_Surin-The_Perfections_Leading_to_Enlightenment.pdf)
- Ven Acharn Surin Boriharnwanaket
* [The
Power of Sanna & Sankhara](Articles/The_Power_of_Sanna.htm)
* [The Seven Stages of Purification &
the Insight Knowledges](Books2/Ven_Matara_7_Stages_of_Purification.pdf)
- Ven Bhante Matara Sri Nanarama
* **[The
Universal Teaching of the Buddha](Books11/Goenka_The_universal_teaching_of_the_Buddha.htm)
-**
Upasaka
**S.N. Goenka**
* [Touching
the Essence](Books9/Bhikkhu_Dhammapala_Touching_the_Essence.htm)
- Ven Bhikkhu Dhammapala
* [Turning Inwards: Seeking Inner Happiness](Articles/Ajahn_Jundee-Turning_Inwards_Seeking_Inner_Happiness.pdf)
- Ven Ajahn\_Jundee
*
* **Lives of the
Disciples Series** - by Upasaka Hellmuth Hecker
- Life of Ananda: The Guardian of the Dhamma -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Life_of_Ananda.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Life%20of%20Ananda.epub)
- Life of Anuruddha: Master of the Divine Eye -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Anuruddha_Master_of_the_Divine_Eye.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Anuruddha%20-%20Master%20of%20the%20Divine%20Eye.epub)
- Life of Maha Kaccana: Master of Doctrinal
Exposition -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Kaccana_Master_of_Doctrinal_Exposition.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Maha%20Kaccana%20-%20Master%20of%20Doctrinal%20Exposition.epub)
- Life of Maha Kassapa: Father of the Sangha -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Kassapa-Father_of_the_Sangha.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Maha%20Kassapa%20-%20Father%20of%20the%20Sangha.epub)
- Life of Maha Moggallana -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Maha_Moggallana.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Maha-Moggallana.epub)
- Life of Sariputta -
[PDF](Books13/Nyanaponika_Thera-The_Life_of_Sariputta.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/The%20Life%20of%20Sariputta.epub)
- Lives of the Disciples Part I -
[PDF](Books13/Hellmuth_Hecker-Lives_of_the_Disciples-1.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Lives%20of%20the%20Disciples%20Part%20I.epub)
* [Great Disciples of the Buddha: Their Lives, Works
& Legacy](Books16/great-disciples-of-the-buddha.pdf)
- Ven
Nyanaponika Thera & Hellmuth Hecker
|
**Prolonging
the
Buddha Dhamma** | **Free Dhamma
Books*** [Click here](http://www.inwardpath.org)
- Inward Path
* [Click here](http://www.abhayagiri.org/index.php/main/books/) -
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**Sponsor Dhamma Books*** [Click here](http://www.inwardpath.org)
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**Support Initiatives**
* [Sutta Central](https://suttacentral.net/donations)
|
| **Supporting the Sangha** | * [Appamada Vihari Meditation Center](http://www.sayalaysusila.net)
- (Ven Sayalay Susila in Balik Pulau, Penang,
Malaysia)
* [Brahma Vihari Meditation Center](https://www.brahmavihari.org/)
- (Ven Sayalay Dipankara)
* [Jhana Grove Meditation
Centre](http://www.jhanagrove.org.au/)
- (Ven Ajahn Brahmavamso,
Buddhist Society of Western Australia)
* [Nandaka Vihara, Penang](http://www.nandaka.org)
* [Nibbinda Forest Monastery Penang](https://archive.is/20130415114626/http:/nibbinda.org/)
* [Puññārāma Meditation Centre, Myanmar.](http://upunnananda.blogspot.com/p/introduction-to-ku-doeh-forest_31.html)
- (Ven Sayadaw U Puññānanda, Ku Doeh Forest, Gwa,
Myanmar)
* [Sitavana Vihara](https://www.facebook.com/pages/Sitavana-Vihara-æè¾¾æ-Penang-Malaysia/131214076958029)
* [The
Sanghapala Foundation](http://www.abhayagiri.org/index.php/main/content/C77)
-
(Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery CA, USA)
* [Tusita Hermitage](https://tusitainternational.net/en/)
|
| **Tipitaka** | **Tipitaka*** [Guide to Tipitaka](Books3/U_Ko_Lay_Guide_to_Tipitaka.pdf)
-
U Ko Lay
* [Pali
Tipitaka](Pali_Tipitaka/pali_tipitaka_index.htm)
- Sri Lanka Tipitaka Project (SLTP)
* [Sutta Central](https://suttacentral.net/)
* [Sutta Central](suttacentral/sc2016/sc)
offline version
* [The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga)](http://www.dhammatalks.net/Books12/Bhadantacariya_Buddhaghosa-Path_of_Purification.pdf)
- Ven Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa
* [Tipitaka](accesstoinsight/html/tipitaka/index.html)
- accesstoinsight.org (USA)
* [Tipitaka](tipitaka/index.html)
- metta.lk (Sri Lanka)
**1. Vinaya Pitaka*** [A Bhikkhu Manual -
Vinaya Notes](Articles/Bhikkhu_Manual-Vinaya_Notes.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Ariyesako & Bhikkhu Nirodho
* [A Translation and Analysis of the Pátimokkha](Books14/Bhikkhu_Nyanatusita-Analysis_of_the_Bhikkhupatimokkha.pdf)
* - Ven Bhikkhu Ñanatusita
* [Bhikkhus](Books5/Bhikkhu_Ariyesako_Bhikkhus_Rules_for_Laypeople.pdf)[
Rules A Guide for Laypeople](Books5/Bhikkhu_Ariyesako_Bhikkhus_Rules_for_Laypeople.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Ariyesako
* [Bhikkhupàtimokkhapàli](Books7/Patimokkhapali_Roman.pdf)
- Ven Anandajoti Bhikkhu
* [Buddhist
Monastic Code (Patimokkha)](Books7/Patimokkha.htm)
- Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu
* Buddhist Monastic Code-1 -
[PDF](Books9/Buddhist_Monastic_Code_1.pdf)
* Buddhist Monastic Code-2 -
[PDF](Books9/Buddhist_Monastic_Code_2.pdf)
* Buddhist Monastic Code 1 & 2 -
[PDF](Books15/Buddhist-Monastic-Code1-and-2_v140110.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_books/Buddhist-Monastic-Code_v140110.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Buddhist-Monastic-Code_v140110.mobi)
- Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu
* [Discipline and Conventions of Theravada Buddhist Renunciate Communities](Articles/Discipline_and_Conventions_for_Western_Sangha.pdf)
*(A Guide for the Western Sangha)*
* [Monastic Etiquette](Books9/Nanachat-Monastic_Etiquette.pdf)
-
Ven Ajahn Chandako
* The Book of the Discipline -
[PDF](Books15/Horner-Book_of_the_Discipline.pdf) | [EPUB](mobile_books/Book_of_the_Discipline.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Book_of_the_Discipline.mobi)
- I.B. Horner
* The Concise Buddhist Monastic Code 1 -
[eBook](Books16/CBMC1_4.2_eBook.pdf)
- Ven Bhikkhu Anon
**2.
Sutta Pitaka*** [The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima
Nikaya](http://books.google.com/books?id=g5YfHBF10aoC&printsec=frontcover&dq=related:ISBN0700701818#v=onepage&q=&f=false "THE MIDDLE LENGTH DISCOURSES OF THE BUDDHA ")
- Ven Bhikkhu Ñānamoli &
Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi
* [The Illustrated Dhammapada](Books14/Sarada_Maha_Thero-The_Illustrated_Dhammapada.pdf)
- Ven Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero
* [Treasury of Truth (Dhammapada Text](Books14/Sarada_Maha_Thero-Treasury_of_Truth-Dhammapada_Text.pdf))
- Ven Weragoda Sarada Maha Thero
* Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi
- Anguttara Nikaya -
[Book of Four](Books16/Bhikkhu-Bodhi-AN-04-The-Fours-Complete.pdf)
- [A Systematic Study of the Majjhima Nikaya and others](bhikkhu_bodhi)
-
[Majjhima
Nikaya](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Majjhima_Nikaya.pdf)
-
[Samyutta
Nikaya](Books16/Bhikkhu_Bodhi-Samyutta_Nikaya.pdf)
* John D. Ireland, Ven Nyanananda Thera & M. O. C.
Walshe
- Samyuta Nikaya Anthology - Sutta Index -
[PDF](Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Index.pdf)
| EPUB
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part I -
[PDF](Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-1.pdf)
| [EPUB](mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20I.epub)
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part II -
[PDF](Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-2.pdf)
|
[E](mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub)[PUB](mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub)
- Samyutta Nikaya Anthology - Part III -
[PDF](Books13/Samyutta_Nikaya_Part-3.pdf)
|
[EPUB](mobile_books/Samyutta%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20III.epub)
* Ven Nyanaponika Thera
* - Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part I -
[PDF](Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-I.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_books/Anguttara%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20I.epub)
* - Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part II -
[PDF](Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-II.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_books/Anguttara%20Nikaya%20Anthology%20-%20Part%20II.epub)
* - Anguttara Nikaya Anthology - Part III -
[PDF](Books13/Anguttara-Nikaya-Anthology-Part-III.pdf) | EPUB
* Ven Thanissaro Bhikkhu
* - Handful of Leaves I - Digha Nikaya -
[PDF](Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Digha-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf) *|*
[EPUB](mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-I-Digha-Nikaya.epub) *|*
[MOBI](mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-I-Digha-Nikaya.mobi)
* - Handful of Leaves II - Majjhima Nikaya -
[PDF](Books14/Thanissaro-Bhikkhu_Majjhima-Nikaya_Handful-of-Leaves.pdf) *|*
[EPUB](mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-II-Majjhima-Nikaya.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Handful-of-Leaves-Vol-II-Majjhima-Nikaya.mobi)
* - Dhammapada -
[PDF](Books14/dhammapada_v111213.pdf)
| [EPUB](mobile_books/Dhammapada_v120105.epub) | [MOBI](mobile_books/Dhammapada_v111213.mobi)
* - Itivuttaka
- This Was Said by The Buddha -
[PDF](Books14/Itivuttaka_v130528.pdf) *|* [EPUB](mobile_books/Itivuttaka_v130528.epub) |
[MOBI](mobile_books/Itivuttaka_v130528.mobi)
* - Udana - Exclamations! -
[PDF](Books14/udana_v120215.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_books/Udana_v120215.epub)
| [MOBI](mobile_books/Udana_v120215.mobi)
* [Buddha Vacana](http://www.buddha-vacana.org) - The Words of the Buddha
* Download Suttas
- [PDF](sutta/Buddhist_Sutra-A_to_Z-PDF.zip) |
[DOC](sutta/Buddhist_Sutra_A_to_Z-Doc.zip)
**3. Abhidhamma Pitaka*** A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma >
[Please purchase from here](http://books.google.com.my/books/about/A_comprehensive_manual_of_Abhidhamma.html?id=4-cQAQAAIAAJ&redir_esc=y)
- Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi
* [A Manual of
Abhidhamma](Books5/Narada_Mahathera_Abhidhamma.pdf)
- Ven Narada Mahathera
* [Abhidhamma](Pa_Auk_mp3/Talks.htm#Abhidhamma)
- mp3
- Ven Pa Auk Sayadaw
* [Abhidhamma: Meditation and Concentration](Books6/U_KYAW_MIN_Abhidhamma_Meditation_and_Concentration.htm)
-
Upasaka U Kyaw Min
* [Abhidhamma
Studies](Books9/Nyanaponika_Thera_Abhidhamma_studies.pdf)
-
Ven Nyanaponika Mahathera
* [Abhidhamma](http://www.dhammatalks.net/Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm#Abhidhamma) [Discourses](http://www.dhammatalks.net/Sayalay_Susila/Collection_of_Dhamma_Dialogues.htm#Abhidhamma) - mp3
- Ven Sayalay Susila
* [Buddha
Abhidhamma: Ultimate Science](Books3/Mehm_Buddha_Abhidhamma_Ultimate_Science.pdf)
- Upasaka Dr Mehm Tin Mon
* [Guide Through the Abhidhamma Pitaka](Books13/Nyanaponika_Mahathera-Guide-through-the-Abhidhamma-Pitaka.pdf)
-
Ven Nyanaponika Mahathera
* The Buddhist Philosophy of
Relations -
[PDF](Books13/Ledi_Sayadaw-Buddhist_Philosophy_of_Relations.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Buddhist%20Philosophy%20of%20Relations.epub)
- Ven Ledi Sayadaw Mahathera
* The Abhiddhamma in Practice -
[PDF](Books13/Mendis_The-Abhidhamma-in-Practice.pdf) |
[EPUB](mobile_eBooks/Abhidhamma%20in%20Practice.epub)
-Upasaka Dr N.K. Mendis
* [Unravelling the Mysteries of Mind and Body through Abhidhamma](https://www.sayalaysusila.net/dhamma-gallery/books/)
- Ven Sayalay Susila
|
| **Meditation
Retreats** | * [Retreats at Pa Auk Sayadaw Centres](http://www.paaukforestmonastery.org/contact.htm)
* [Retreats at Tusita Hermitage](http://www.tusitainternational.net/)
* [Retreats at Nandaka](http://www.nandaka.org)
* [Retreats by Ven Ajahn Brahm](http://cms.jhanagrove.org.au/)
* [Retreats by Ven U Punnananda](https://www.facebook.com/upunnananda)
* [Retreats
by Ven Sayalay Dipankara](http://www.brahmavihari.org)
* [Retreats by Ven Sayalay Susila](http://www.sayalaysusila.net/)
|
| | | **Resources** | * [Access to
Insight](accesstoinsight/start.html)
* [Ancient
Buddhist Texts](https://www.ancient-buddhist-texts.net/) - Ven Anandajoti Bhikkhu
* [Buddhacarita : The Life of Buddha](Books7/Buddhacarita_The_Life_of_Buddha.pdf)
- Ven Asvaghosa
* The Path of Purification (Visuddhimagga) -
[PDF](http://www.dhammatalks.net/Books12/Bhadantacariya_Buddhaghosa-Path_of_Purification.pdf) |
EPUB
- Ven Bhadantacariya Buddhaghosa
* [The Path of Purification Chart](http://www.dhammatalks.net/images/Path_of_Purification_CHART.jpg)
* [The
Path of Freedom (Vimuttimagga](Books13/Ven_Upatissa-Path_of_Freedom_Vimuttimagga.pdf))
-
Ven
Upatissa
* [Sharing of Merit](Articles/Sharing_merit_Pali-English.pdf)
**Pali Resources*** [A Course in the **Pali Language**](http://www.lovingkindnessctdownload.org/web/av/audios/Dhamma_talks/English/A_Course_In_the_pali_language/course_Pali.html)**- Ven Bhikkhu Bodhi**
* [Buddhist Dictionary](Buddhist.Dictionary/index_dict.n2.htm)
* [Pali Dictionary-Concise Pali English Dictionary 1](Books14/Pali%20Dictionary-Concise%20Pali%20English%20Dictionary%201.doc)
* [Pali-English Dictionary](http://dsal.uchicago.edu/dictionaries/pali/index.html)
* [Pali-English Dictionary](Books16/Nyanatiloka_Buddhist_Dictionary.pdf) - pdf
* "Introduction to Pali" by A.K.
Warder
- [Exercises](Books12/AK_Warder-Introduction_to_Pali-Exercises.pdf) (English to Pali)
- [A
Key to the Exercises](Books12/AK_Warder-Key_to_Exercises.pdf) -
Ven Bhikkhu Brahmali
- [A Key to the Exercises](accesstoinsight/html/lib/authors/kelly/warder-key.html) -
John Kelly
* [The
Groups Pali Terms](Books14/The_Groups-Pali_Terms.pdf)
**Chanting / Puja
Resources*** [A Bhikkhu Manual - Essential Chants](Articles/Bhikkhu_Manual-Essential_Chants.pdf)
* [Chanting Book - Abhayagiri Buddhist Monastery](Books15/Abhayagiri-Buddhist-Monastery_ChantingBook_rev2010.pdf)
* [Chanting - Pali and English](Books13/Chanting_PALI-and-ENG.pdf.pdf)
* [Daily Chants at Pa Auk Meditation Centers](Books7/Pa_Auk_Daily_Chants.pdf)
* [Daily Chant at Tusita Hermitage, Sarawak - Pali-Eng-Mandarin](Books14/Chanting_book-Tusita_Hermitage.pdf)
* [Pali Chanting](Articles/PaliChant.pdf)
* [Pali-Thai Chanting](Articles/Pali-Thai_Chanting.pdf)
* [Chanting Book - Editable in Doc - Eng-Pali-Mandarin](Chanting-Content%20page,%20body%20and%20pali%20fonts.zip)
* [Dhamma Quotes & Guides in Realising the Handful of
Leaves](Articles/Dhamma_Quotes.htm)
*
* Quotes
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 12pt;"><center><h2>Last update: May, 2023</h2></center></p></span></td>
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<h2>Mute Swan</h2>
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><center><h2>Rarebird Report</h2><p align="center"><a href="rarebird.html"><img src="rarebird.jpg" title="Ivory Gull" ></a><li>Ivory Gull <li>Updated February, 2020<br></center></p></span></td>
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><center><p align="center"><h2>Cape Breton Birds Photo Gallery last update May, 2023</h2><p align="center"><a href="photogallery.html"><img src="photogalleryicon.jpg" title="Snow Buntings" ></a></p>All photos in the Gallery are copyright Allan or Cathy Murrant unless otherwise stated. Most birds we have photographed here on Cape Breton Island. <br></p></center></span></p></td>
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><center><p align="center"><h2>Photo Gallery last update February, 2020</h2><p align="center"><a href="mammalgallery.html"><img src="mammalgalleryicon.jpg" title="Humpback Whale tails" ></a></p>This Gallery contains pictures of Mammals, Fish and Reptiles we have taken over the years. </p></center></span></p></td>
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 24pt;"><center><h2>Rondeau Provincial Park, Point Pelee National Park and Carden Plain (Wylie Road), Ontario, April 2017</h2></center></span></p></td>
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<td class="table1column1" width="100%" valign="top"><p><span style="font-size: 24pt;"><center><h2>Point Pelee National Park and Carden Plain, May 2016</h2></center></span></p></td>
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Cape Breton Birds Your Link to Wild Birds in Cape Breton, Nova Scotia, Canada
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| Last update: May, 2023 |
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| Photo of the Week
Mute Swan
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| Rarebird Report- Ivory Gull - Updated February, 2020
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| Cape Breton Birds Photo Gallery last update May, 2023All photos in the Gallery are copyright Allan or Cathy Murrant unless otherwise stated. Most birds we have photographed here on Cape Breton Island. |
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| Photo Gallery last update February, 2020This Gallery contains pictures of Mammals, Fish and Reptiles we have taken over the years. |
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| England, UK Trip May 1, 2022 |
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| Winnipeg MB Trip, Quest for Great Gray Owl |
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| Prairie Trip, May 12th to June 16th, 2019 |
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| Rondeau Provincial Park, Point Pelee National Park and Carden Plain (Wylie Road), Ontario, April 2017 |
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| Point Pelee National Park and Carden Plain, May 2016 |
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| Florida Trip Report |
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| Saskatchewan Trip Report - The Quest for Whooping Cranes |
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| Newfoundland and Labrador Trip Report |
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<IMG Align=Top SRC="chicago.gif"><H3>How to tell if you're American</H3>
<P><I>Not long ago, one of those earnest-freshman puppydogs
on the Net
declared that there was "no such thing as American culture." Right.
Fish have also been known to doubt the existence of water.
<P>The following is a first crack at an ostensive definition of 'American culture'-- things shared by the vast majority (let's say 90%) of native-born Americans. Many of these won't sound 'cultural' at all to Americans; they'll sound like just descriptions of the way things are. But each one of them would be contested in one or more non-American cultures.
<blockquote>
<tt>The original page was written circa 1994. Revisions (as of 2014) are in this style, so you can see what's changed in a generation.</tt>
</blockquote>
<p>This test has spawned a growing host of responses (most of them better written than mine). </i>
<blockquote>
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<td><b><i>To wit:</i></b></td>
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<td>
<table><tr><td><A HREF="canada.html">Canada</a> <td> <td>John Bayko and Damien Ponech
<tr><td><A HREF="quebec.html">Quebec</a> <td> <td>Valérie Bourdeau
<tr><td><A HREF="frenchcult.html">France</a> <td> <td>Nicolas Duvernois
<tr><td><A HREF="italcult.html">Italy</a> <td> <td>Riccardo Distasi
<tr><td><A HREF="brazil.html">Brazil</a> <td> <td>Emilio Neto
<tr><td><A HREF="mexicana.html">Mexico</a> <td> <td>Acoyani Garrido Sandoval
<tr><td><a href="colombia.html">Colombia</a> <td><td>Carlos Thompson
<tr><td><A HREF="scotcult.htm">Scotland</a> <td> <td>Geoff Eddy
<tr><td><A HREF="pomcult.html">England</a> <td> <td>Justin M.
<tr><td><A HREF="dutchcult.html">The Netherlands</a> <td> <td>Bas Suverkropp
<tr><td><A HREF="swedcult.html">Sweden</a> <td> <td>Anders Janson
<tr><td><a href="ukraine.html">Ukraine</a> <td> <td>Vadim Urasov
<tr><td><A HREF="poland.html">Poland</a> <td><td>Pawe<s>l</s> Stachura
<tr><td><a href="greek.html">Greece</a> <td><td>Chris TDAQ
<tr><td><A HREF="japancult.html">Japan</a> <td> <td>Hirofumi Nagamura
<tr><td><A HREF="nztest.html">New Zealand</a> <td> <td>Gareth Wilson
<tr><td><A HREF="aussie.html">Australia</a> <td> <td>Chris O'Regan
<tr><td><A HREF="za.html">South Africa</a> <td> <td>T'Mar
<tr><td><A HREF="turkcult.html">Turkey</a> <td> <td>Cyril Alebard
<tr><td><a href="chinacult.html">China</a> <td> <td>Agile Software students
<tr><td><a href="hkcult.html">Hong Kong</a> <td><td>Emanuel Leung
<tr><td><A HREF="indcult.html">India</a> <td> <td>Apurva Mishra
<tr><td><A HREF="israeli.html">Jewish Israel</a> <td> <td>Alon Levy
<tr><td><A HREF="nyccult.html">New York City</a> <td> <td>John Cowan
<tr><td colspan=3 bgcolor="#E0E0E0"> <i> Offsite </i>
<tr><td><A HREF="http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/Hki/finntest.html">Finland</a> <td> <td>Johanna Laakso
<tr><td><a href="http://accidentalrussophile.blogspot.com/2006/02/if-you-are-russian.html">Russia</a> <td> <td>W. Shedd and K. Andreyeva
<tr><td colspan=3 bgcolor="#E8E8E8"> <i> Conworlds </i>
<tr><td><A HREF="vercult.html">Verduria</a> <td> <td>me
<tr><td><A HREF="skourenetest.htm">Skouras</a> <td> <td>me
<tr><td><A HREF="http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsarempt/andal/peoples_and_places/charya/charcult.html">Charya</a> <td> <td>Boudewijn Rempt
<tr><td><A HREF="http://members.home.net/wligon1/ashara/asharahowto.htm">Khadra</a> <td> <td>wligon1
<tr><td><a href="http://www.sedesdraconis.com/index.php/Gnomish_Culture_Test">Gnomish</a> <td> <td>Aidan Elliott-McCrea
<tr><td><a href="http://indigohelix.ath.cx/neq/htt.html">Nekilotyri</a> <td> <td>Joel Heikkila
<tr><td><a href="http://ib.frath.net/w/Category:How_to_tell_if_you%27re...">Ill Bethisad</a> <td> <td>Over a dozen tests from a collaborative alternative history
<tr><td><a href="http://safirian-empire.co.cc/how.htm">Safiria</a> <td> <td>Carl Miller
</table>
</table>
</blockquote>
<p><i>These pages are all organized by nation or culture. Robert Delaney has put up an interesting page with
<a href="http://robertspage.com/culture.html">
the same information organized by subject</a>, which includes data from some pages that have been lost from the web.
<P>--Mark Rosenfelder</i>
<hr size=4 width=75%>
<FONT SIZE=+1 COLOR="0000FF">If you're American...</font>
<ul type=circle>
<li>You believe deep down in the First Amendment, guaranteed by the
government and perhaps by God.
<li>You're familiar with David Letterman, Mary Tyler Moore, Saturday Night
Live, Bewitched, the Flintstones, Sesame Street, Mr. Rogers, Bob
Newhart, Bill Cosby, Bugs Bunny, Road Runner, Donald Duck, the Fonz, Archie Bunker, Star Trek, the Honeymooners, the Addams Family, the Three Stooges, and Beetle Bailey.
<blockquote><tt>Or if not: Game of Thrones, The Sopranos, Stephen Colbert, Rush Limbaugh, Buffy, The Simpsons, Seinfeld, Lara Croft, GlaDOS, The Sims, Farmville, and Reading Rainbow.</tt></blockquote>
<li>You know how baseball, basketball, and American football are played.
If you're male, you can argue intricate points about their rules. On the other hand (and unless you're under about 20), you don't care that much for soccer.
<li>You count yourself fortunate if you get three weeks of vacation a
year.
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF">If you died tonight...</font></i></b><ul>
<li>You're fairly likely to believe in God; if not, you've certainly been
approached by people asking whether you know that you're going to Heaven.
<li>You think of McDonald's, Burger King, KFC etc. as cheap food.
<li>You probably own a telephone and a TV. Your place is heated in the winter and has its own bathroom. You do your laundry in a machine. You don't kill your own food. You don't have a dirt floor. You eat at a table, sitting on chairs.
<li>You don't consider insects, dogs, cats, monkeys, or guinea pigs to be food.
<li>A bathroom may not have a bathtub in it, but it certainly has a toilet.
<li>It seems natural to you that the telephone system, railroads, auto manufacturers, airlines, and power companies are privately run; indeed, you can hardly picture things working differently.
<li>You expect, as a matter of course, that the phones will work. Getting a new phone is routine.
<li>The train system, by contrast, isn't very good. Trains don't go any faster than cars; you're better off taking a plane.
<li>You find a two-party system natural. You expect the politicians of both parties to be responsive to business, strong on defense, and concerned with the middle class. You find parliamentary systems (such as Italy's) inefficient and comic.
<li>You don't expect to hear socialism seriously defended. Communism, fuhgeddaboudit.
<blockquote><tt>
The socialism bit has changed since 2016!
</tt></blockquote>
<li>Between "black" and "white" there are no other races. Someone with one black and one white parent looks black to you.
<blockquote><tt>
Non-Hispanic whites made up 85% of the population in 1960; it's now 64%, and will be 50% in thirty years. So if you're younger and/or urban, you're likely to have a much more nuanced racial perspective.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>You think most problems could be solved if only people would put aside their prejudices and work together.
<li>You take a strong court system for granted, even if you don't use it. You know that if you went into business and had problems with a customer, partner, or supplier, you could take them to court.
<li>You'd respect someone who speaks French, German, or Japanese-- but you very likely don't yourself speak them well enough to communicate with a monolingual foreigner. You're a bit more ambivalent about Spanish; you think the schools should teach kids English.
<li>It's not all that necessary to learn foreign languages anyway. You can travel the continent using nothing but English-- and get by pretty well in the rest of the world, too.
<li>You think a tax level of 30% is scandalously high.
<li>School is free through high school (at least, it's an option, even if you went to private school); college isn't, unless you get a scholarship.
<li>College is (normally, and excluding graduate study) four years long.
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF">Everybody knows that</font></i></b><ul>
<li>Mustard comes in jars. Shaving cream comes in cans. Milk comes in plastic jugs or cardboard boxes, and occasionally in bottles.
<li>The date comes second: 11/22/63. (And you know what happened on that date.)
<blockquote><tt>
Or if not, try 9/11/01.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>The decimal point is a dot. Certainly not a comma.
<li>A billion is a thousand times a million.
<li>World War II was a just war, and (granted all the suffering of course) ended all right. It was a time when the country came together and did what was right. And instead of insisting on vengeance, the US very generously rebuilt Europe instead, with the Marshall Plan.
<li>You expect marriages to be made for love, not arranged by third parties. Getting married by a judge is an option, but not a requirement; most marriages happen in church. You have a best man and a maid or matron of honor at the wedding-- a friend or a sibling. And, naturally, a man gets only one wife at a time.
<li>If a man has sex with other men, he's a homosexual.
<blockquote><tt>
Or maybe bisexual, or queer, or something-- you'd have to ask.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>Once you're introduced to someone (well, besides the President and other lofty figures), you can call them by their first name.
<li>If you're a woman, you don't go to the beach topless.
<li>A hotel room has a private bath.
<li>You'd rather a film be subtitled than dubbed (if you go to foreign films at all).
<li>You seriously expect to be able to transact business, or deal with the government, without paying bribes.
<li>If a politican has been cheating on his wife, you would question his ability to govern.
<blockquote><tt>
Today I'd substitute: A public figure who's misbehaved sexually is pretty ridiculous, but if they've expressed remorse there's no reason for them to lose their career.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>Just about any store will take your credit card.
<li>A company can fire just about anybody it wants, unless it discriminates by doing so.
<li>You like your bacon crisp (unless it's Canadian bacon, of course).
<li>Labor Day is in the fall.
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF">Contributions to world civilization</font></i></b><ul>
<li>You've probably seen <CITE>Star Wars, ET, Home Alone, Casablanca</CITE>, and <CITE>Snow White</CITE>. If you're under forty, add <CITE>Blazing Saddles, Terminator, Jaws,</CITE> and <CITE>2001</CITE>; otherwise, add <CITE>Gone with the Wind, A Night at the Opera, Psycho,</CITE> and <CITE>Citizen Kane.</CITE>
<blockquote><tt>
Or if not, add <i>Spider-Man, Titanic, Avatar, Toy Story, Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings,</i> and something with Owen Wilson, Brad Pitt, or Sandra Bullock.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>You know the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan, Elvis, Chuck Berry, Michael Jackson, Simon & Garfunkel, Linda Ronstadt. If not, you know Frank Sinatra, Al Jolson, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Tony Bennett, and Kate Smith.
<blockquote><tt>
Or if not: Miley Cyrus, Taylor Swift, Daft Punk, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Jay Z, Eminem, Kanye West.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>You count on excellent medical treatment. You know you're not going to die of cholera or other Third World diseases. You expect very strong measures to be taken to save very ill babies or people in their eighties. You think dying at 65 would be a tragedy.
<li>You went over US history, and some European, in school, Not much Russian, Chinese, or Latin American. You couldn't name ten <A HREF="latam.html">US interventions</A> in Latin America.
<li>You expect the military to fight wars, not get involved in politics. You may not be able to name the head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
<li>Your country has never been conquered by a foreign nation.
<li>You're used to a wide variety of choices for almost anything you buy.
<li>You still measure things in feet, pounds, and gallons.
<li>You are not a farmer.
<li>Comics basically come in two varieties: newspaper comics and magazines; the latter pretty much all feature superheroes.
<blockquote><tt>
Substitute web comics for newspaper comics, though I'm told that newspapers still exist.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>The people who appear on the most popular talk shows are mostly entertainers, politicians, or rather strange individuals. Certainly not, say, authors.
<li>You drive on the right side of the road. You stop at red lights even if nobody's around. If you're a pedestrian and cars are stopped at a red light, you will fearlessly cross the street in front of them.
<li>You think of Canada as a pleasant, peaceful, but rather dull country, which has suddenly developed an inexplicable problem in Québec. You probably couldn't explain why the Canadians didn't join the other British colonies in rebelling against King George.
<li>You consider the Volkswagen Beetle to be a small car.
<li>The police are armed, but not with submachine guns.
<blockquote><tt>
Still true in my town, but this doesn't look so obvious after Ferguson.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>If a woman is plumper than the average, it doesn't improve her looks.
<li>The biggest meal of the day is in the evening.
<li>The nationality people most often make jokes about is the French.
<li>There's parts of the city you definitely want to avoid at night.
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF">Outside the Beltway</font></i></b><ul>
<li>You feel that your kind of people aren't being listened to enough in Washington.
<li>You wouldn't expect both inflation and unemployment to be very high (say, over 15%) at the same time.
<blockquote><tt>
You haven't seen 6% inflation in a generation, but if you're right-wing you're convinced it's right around the corner.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>You don't care very much what family someone comes from.
<li>The normal thing, when a couple dies, is for their estate to be divided equally between their children.
<li>You think of opera and ballet as rather elite entertainments. It's likely you don't see that many plays, either.
<li>Christmas is in the winter. Unless you're Jewish or Muslim, you spend it with your family, give presents, and put up a tree.
<li>You may think the church is too powerful, or the state is; but you are used to not having a state church and don't think that it would be a good idea.
<li>You'd be hard pressed to name the capitals or the leaders of all the nations of Europe.
<li>You <i>aren't</i> familiar with Mafalda, Lucky Luke, Corto Maltese, Milo Manara, Guido Crepax, Gotlib, or Moebius.
<blockquote><tt>
If you're under 40, though, you're familiar with some manga and/or anime.
</tt></blockquote>
<li>You've left a message at the beep.
<li>Taxis are generally operated by foreigners, who are often deplorably ignorant about the city.
<li>You are distrustful of welfare and unemployment payments-- you think people should earn a living and not take handouts. But you would not be in favor of eliminating Social Security and Medicare.
<li>If you want to be a doctor, you need to get a bachelor's first.
<li>There sure are a lot of lawyers.
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF"><a name="space">Space and time</a></font></i></b><ul>
<li>If you have an appointment, you'll mutter an excuse if you're five minutes late, and apologize
profusely if it's ten minutes. An hour late is almost inexcusable.
<li>If you're talking to someone, you get uncomfortable if they approach closer than about two feet.
<li>About the only things you expect to bargain for are houses, cars, and antiques.
Haggling is largely a matter of finding the hidden point that's the buyer's minimum.
<li>Once you're past college, you very rarely simply show up at someone's place. People have
to invite each other over-- especially if a meal is involved.
<li>When you negotiate, you are polite, of course, but it's only good business to 'play hardball'.
Some foreigners pay excessive attention to status, or don't say what they mean, and that's exasperating.
<li>If you have a business appointment or interview with someone,
you expect to have that person to yourself, and the business shouldn't take more than an hour or so.
<tt>
</ul><b><i><font color="#2020FF"><a name="web">If you're under 50...</a></font></i></b><ul>
<li>You're on Facebook, though you're not sure how much you like it.
<li>You have a cell phone.
<li>You feel like something's wrong if you aren't connected to the web. You routinely use it to shop, get directions, check facts, and connect with friends.
<li>You support gay marriage. If you're under 30, it seems crazy not to.
<li>You can find Chinese, Thai, Italian, and Mexican restaurants in driving distance.
<li>You have <a href="liberalism.html">no real expectation</a> that jobs, wages, and living standards are getting better for people like you.
</tt>
</ul>
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| American culture
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### How to tell if you're American
*Not long ago, one of those earnest-freshman puppydogs
on the Net
declared that there was "no such thing as American culture." Right.
Fish have also been known to doubt the existence of water.
The following is a first crack at an ostensive definition of 'American culture'-- things shared by the vast majority (let's say 90%) of native-born Americans. Many of these won't sound 'cultural' at all to Americans; they'll sound like just descriptions of the way things are. But each one of them would be contested in one or more non-American cultures.
>
> The original page was written circa 1994. Revisions (as of 2014) are in this style, so you can see what's changed in a generation.
>
This test has spawned a growing host of responses (most of them better written than mine).*
>
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> | ***To wit:*** | <!--
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> | [Canada](canada.html) John Bayko and Damien Ponech
| [Quebec](quebec.html) Valérie Bourdeau
| [France](frenchcult.html) Nicolas Duvernois
| [Italy](italcult.html) Riccardo Distasi
| [Brazil](brazil.html) Emilio Neto
| [Mexico](mexicana.html) Acoyani Garrido Sandoval
| [Colombia](colombia.html) Carlos Thompson
| [Scotland](scotcult.htm) Geoff Eddy
| [England](pomcult.html) Justin M.
| [The Netherlands](dutchcult.html) Bas Suverkropp
| [Sweden](swedcult.html) Anders Janson
| [Ukraine](ukraine.html) Vadim Urasov
| [Poland](poland.html) Pawe~~l~~ Stachura
| [Greece](greek.html) Chris TDAQ
| [Japan](japancult.html) Hirofumi Nagamura
| [New Zealand](nztest.html) Gareth Wilson
| [Australia](aussie.html) Chris O'Regan
| [South Africa](za.html) T'Mar
| [Turkey](turkcult.html) Cyril Alebard
| [China](chinacult.html) Agile Software students
| [Hong Kong](hkcult.html) Emanuel Leung
| [India](indcult.html) Apurva Mishra
| [Jewish Israel](israeli.html) Alon Levy
| [New York City](nyccult.html) John Cowan
| *Offsite* | [Finland](http://homepage.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/Hki/finntest.html) Johanna Laakso
| [Russia](http://accidentalrussophile.blogspot.com/2006/02/if-you-are-russian.html) W. Shedd and K. Andreyeva
| *Conworlds* | [Verduria](vercult.html) me
| [Skouras](skourenetest.htm) me
| [Charya](http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsarempt/andal/peoples_and_places/charya/charcult.html) Boudewijn Rempt
| [Khadra](http://members.home.net/wligon1/ashara/asharahowto.htm) wligon1
| [Gnomish](http://www.sedesdraconis.com/index.php/Gnomish_Culture_Test) Aidan Elliott-McCrea
| [Nekilotyri](http://indigohelix.ath.cx/neq/htt.html) Joel Heikkila
| [Ill Bethisad](http://ib.frath.net/w/Category:How_to_tell_if_you%27re...) Over a dozen tests from a collaborative alternative history
| [Safiria](http://safirian-empire.co.cc/how.htm) Carl Miller
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*These pages are all organized by nation or culture. Robert Delaney has put up an interesting page with
[the same information organized by subject](http://robertspage.com/culture.html), which includes data from some pages that have been lost from the web.
--Mark Rosenfelder*
---
If you're American... * You believe deep down in the First Amendment, guaranteed by the
government and perhaps by God.
* You're familiar with David Letterman, Mary Tyler Moore, Saturday Night
Live, Bewitched, the Flintstones, Sesame Street, Mr. Rogers, Bob
Newhart, Bill Cosby, Bugs Bunny, Road Runner, Donald Duck, the Fonz, Archie Bunker, Star Trek, the Honeymooners, the Addams Family, the Three Stooges, and Beetle Bailey.
> Or if not: Game of Thrones, The Sopranos, Stephen Colbert, Rush Limbaugh, Buffy, The Simpsons, Seinfeld, Lara Croft, GlaDOS, The Sims, Farmville, and Reading Rainbow.
* You know how baseball, basketball, and American football are played.
If you're male, you can argue intricate points about their rules. On the other hand (and unless you're under about 20), you don't care that much for soccer.
* You count yourself fortunate if you get three weeks of vacation a
year.
***If you died tonight...**** You're fairly likely to believe in God; if not, you've certainly been
approached by people asking whether you know that you're going to Heaven.
* You think of McDonald's, Burger King, KFC etc. as cheap food.
* You probably own a telephone and a TV. Your place is heated in the winter and has its own bathroom. You do your laundry in a machine. You don't kill your own food. You don't have a dirt floor. You eat at a table, sitting on chairs.
* You don't consider insects, dogs, cats, monkeys, or guinea pigs to be food.
* A bathroom may not have a bathtub in it, but it certainly has a toilet.
* It seems natural to you that the telephone system, railroads, auto manufacturers, airlines, and power companies are privately run; indeed, you can hardly picture things working differently.
* You expect, as a matter of course, that the phones will work. Getting a new phone is routine.
* The train system, by contrast, isn't very good. Trains don't go any faster than cars; you're better off taking a plane.
* You find a two-party system natural. You expect the politicians of both parties to be responsive to business, strong on defense, and concerned with the middle class. You find parliamentary systems (such as Italy's) inefficient and comic.
* You don't expect to hear socialism seriously defended. Communism, fuhgeddaboudit.
>
> The socialism bit has changed since 2016!
>
* Between "black" and "white" there are no other races. Someone with one black and one white parent looks black to you.
>
> Non-Hispanic whites made up 85% of the population in 1960; it's now 64%, and will be 50% in thirty years. So if you're younger and/or urban, you're likely to have a much more nuanced racial perspective.
>
* You think most problems could be solved if only people would put aside their prejudices and work together.
* You take a strong court system for granted, even if you don't use it. You know that if you went into business and had problems with a customer, partner, or supplier, you could take them to court.
* You'd respect someone who speaks French, German, or Japanese-- but you very likely don't yourself speak them well enough to communicate with a monolingual foreigner. You're a bit more ambivalent about Spanish; you think the schools should teach kids English.
* It's not all that necessary to learn foreign languages anyway. You can travel the continent using nothing but English-- and get by pretty well in the rest of the world, too.
* You think a tax level of 30% is scandalously high.
* School is free through high school (at least, it's an option, even if you went to private school); college isn't, unless you get a scholarship.
* College is (normally, and excluding graduate study) four years long.
***Everybody knows that**** Mustard comes in jars. Shaving cream comes in cans. Milk comes in plastic jugs or cardboard boxes, and occasionally in bottles.
* The date comes second: 11/22/63. (And you know what happened on that date.)
>
> Or if not, try 9/11/01.
>
* The decimal point is a dot. Certainly not a comma.
* A billion is a thousand times a million.
* World War II was a just war, and (granted all the suffering of course) ended all right. It was a time when the country came together and did what was right. And instead of insisting on vengeance, the US very generously rebuilt Europe instead, with the Marshall Plan.
* You expect marriages to be made for love, not arranged by third parties. Getting married by a judge is an option, but not a requirement; most marriages happen in church. You have a best man and a maid or matron of honor at the wedding-- a friend or a sibling. And, naturally, a man gets only one wife at a time.
* If a man has sex with other men, he's a homosexual.
>
> Or maybe bisexual, or queer, or something-- you'd have to ask.
>
* Once you're introduced to someone (well, besides the President and other lofty figures), you can call them by their first name.
* If you're a woman, you don't go to the beach topless.
* A hotel room has a private bath.
* You'd rather a film be subtitled than dubbed (if you go to foreign films at all).
* You seriously expect to be able to transact business, or deal with the government, without paying bribes.
* If a politican has been cheating on his wife, you would question his ability to govern.
>
> Today I'd substitute: A public figure who's misbehaved sexually is pretty ridiculous, but if they've expressed remorse there's no reason for them to lose their career.
>
* Just about any store will take your credit card.
* A company can fire just about anybody it wants, unless it discriminates by doing so.
* You like your bacon crisp (unless it's Canadian bacon, of course).
* Labor Day is in the fall.
***Contributions to world civilization**** You've probably seen Star Wars, ET, Home Alone, Casablanca, and Snow White. If you're under forty, add Blazing Saddles, Terminator, Jaws, and 2001; otherwise, add Gone with the Wind, A Night at the Opera, Psycho, and Citizen Kane.
>
> Or if not, add *Spider-Man, Titanic, Avatar, Toy Story, Harry Potter, Lord of the Rings,* and something with Owen Wilson, Brad Pitt, or Sandra Bullock.
>
* You know the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, Bob Dylan, Elvis, Chuck Berry, Michael Jackson, Simon & Garfunkel, Linda Ronstadt. If not, you know Frank Sinatra, Al Jolson, Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, Tony Bennett, and Kate Smith.
>
> Or if not: Miley Cyrus, Taylor Swift, Daft Punk, Justin Timberlake, Rihanna, Jay Z, Eminem, Kanye West.
>
* You count on excellent medical treatment. You know you're not going to die of cholera or other Third World diseases. You expect very strong measures to be taken to save very ill babies or people in their eighties. You think dying at 65 would be a tragedy.
* You went over US history, and some European, in school, Not much Russian, Chinese, or Latin American. You couldn't name ten [US interventions](latam.html) in Latin America.
* You expect the military to fight wars, not get involved in politics. You may not be able to name the head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.
* Your country has never been conquered by a foreign nation.
* You're used to a wide variety of choices for almost anything you buy.
* You still measure things in feet, pounds, and gallons.
* You are not a farmer.
* Comics basically come in two varieties: newspaper comics and magazines; the latter pretty much all feature superheroes.
>
> Substitute web comics for newspaper comics, though I'm told that newspapers still exist.
>
* The people who appear on the most popular talk shows are mostly entertainers, politicians, or rather strange individuals. Certainly not, say, authors.
* You drive on the right side of the road. You stop at red lights even if nobody's around. If you're a pedestrian and cars are stopped at a red light, you will fearlessly cross the street in front of them.
* You think of Canada as a pleasant, peaceful, but rather dull country, which has suddenly developed an inexplicable problem in Québec. You probably couldn't explain why the Canadians didn't join the other British colonies in rebelling against King George.
* You consider the Volkswagen Beetle to be a small car.
* The police are armed, but not with submachine guns.
>
> Still true in my town, but this doesn't look so obvious after Ferguson.
>
* If a woman is plumper than the average, it doesn't improve her looks.
* The biggest meal of the day is in the evening.
* The nationality people most often make jokes about is the French.
* There's parts of the city you definitely want to avoid at night.
***Outside the Beltway**** You feel that your kind of people aren't being listened to enough in Washington.
* You wouldn't expect both inflation and unemployment to be very high (say, over 15%) at the same time.
>
> You haven't seen 6% inflation in a generation, but if you're right-wing you're convinced it's right around the corner.
>
* You don't care very much what family someone comes from.
* The normal thing, when a couple dies, is for their estate to be divided equally between their children.
* You think of opera and ballet as rather elite entertainments. It's likely you don't see that many plays, either.
* Christmas is in the winter. Unless you're Jewish or Muslim, you spend it with your family, give presents, and put up a tree.
* You may think the church is too powerful, or the state is; but you are used to not having a state church and don't think that it would be a good idea.
* You'd be hard pressed to name the capitals or the leaders of all the nations of Europe.
* You *aren't* familiar with Mafalda, Lucky Luke, Corto Maltese, Milo Manara, Guido Crepax, Gotlib, or Moebius.
>
> If you're under 40, though, you're familiar with some manga and/or anime.
>
* You've left a message at the beep.
* Taxis are generally operated by foreigners, who are often deplorably ignorant about the city.
* You are distrustful of welfare and unemployment payments-- you think people should earn a living and not take handouts. But you would not be in favor of eliminating Social Security and Medicare.
* If you want to be a doctor, you need to get a bachelor's first.
* There sure are a lot of lawyers.
***Space and time**** If you have an appointment, you'll mutter an excuse if you're five minutes late, and apologize
profusely if it's ten minutes. An hour late is almost inexcusable.
* If you're talking to someone, you get uncomfortable if they approach closer than about two feet.
* About the only things you expect to bargain for are houses, cars, and antiques.
Haggling is largely a matter of finding the hidden point that's the buyer's minimum.
* Once you're past college, you very rarely simply show up at someone's place. People have
to invite each other over-- especially if a meal is involved.
* When you negotiate, you are polite, of course, but it's only good business to 'play hardball'.
Some foreigners pay excessive attention to status, or don't say what they mean, and that's exasperating.
* If you have a business appointment or interview with someone,
you expect to have that person to yourself, and the business shouldn't take more than an hour or so.
***If you're under 50...**** You're on Facebook, though you're not sure how much you like it.
* You have a cell phone.
* You feel like something's wrong if you aren't connected to the web. You routinely use it to shop, get directions, check facts, and connect with friends.
* You support gay marriage. If you're under 30, it seems crazy not to.
* You can find Chinese, Thai, Italian, and Mexican restaurants in driving distance.
* You have [no real expectation](liberalism.html) that jobs, wages, and living standards are getting better for people like you.
---
[](default.html)
| http://www.zompist.com/amercult.html |
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META NAME="GENERATOR" CONTENT="Adobe PageMill 3.0 Mac">
<TITLE>Ron's Page for Macintosh Help and Graphics Design</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff" BACKGROUND="watermarkjuniper.GIF">
<FORM>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="ronslogo.GIF" WIDTH="426" HEIGHT="269" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><B><FONT COLOR="#2723ff">Updated</FONT></B></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>
<b><font color="#2723ff">27 June 2008 </font></b>
</CENTER>
</P>
<P><CENTER>
<p><BR>
Ron West<BR>
PO Box 134<BR>
Nassawadox, Va 23413<BR>
757-678-0124 (H)<BR>
e-mail <BR>
<A HREF="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</A></p>
<p><A HREF="espsindex.html"><font color="#CCCCCC">ESPS Website </font></A></p>
</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><B>You are Visitor</B></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="http://www.esva.net/cgi-bin/count" ALT="(sorry)"
<P ALIGN="BOTTOM"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="http://www.military.com/"><IMG SRC="http://www.military.com/awards/images/badge_medal_cg.gif"
WIDTH="100" HEIGHT="185" BORDER="0" ALT="" NATURALSIZEFLAG="0"
ALIGN="BOTTOM"></A></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>
<p><A HREF="reunion.html">Class of 1966 Reunion</A></p>
<p><A HREF="espsindex.html"></A></p>
</CENTER>
</P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="madeonmac.GIF" WIDTH="499" HEIGHT="59" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><HR></CENTER></P>
<P><B>Welcome to my "Home Page". As you can see from
my "logo" I am an Apple enthusiast. </B></P>
<P><B>Look here for custom
graphics ranging from US Coast Guard graphics , Lighthouses, and
other designs. If you need custom clipart write for info. For
more, just look below !</B>
<HR ALIGN=LEFT></P>
<P><CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="450" BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="2" CELLPADDING="0">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="33%"> <IMG SRC="flag%20code%20c.JPG" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
BORDER="0" WIDTH="35" HEIGHT="32" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"><IMG SRC="flag%20code%20b.JPG"
WIDTH="34" HEIGHT="32" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"><IMG
SRC="flag%20code%20a.JPG" WIDTH="35" HEIGHT="32" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
BORDER="0" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD WIDTH="33%">
<P><CENTER> <IMG SRC="hurricane.JPG" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
WIDTH="37" HEIGHT="66" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></TD>
<TD WIDTH="34%">
<P><CENTER> <IMG SRC="handheld%20radio.jpg" WIDTH="19"
HEIGHT="57" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"><IMG
SRC="EPIRB.jpg" WIDTH="21" HEIGHT="52" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"><IMG SRC="handheld%20flares.jpg" WIDTH="45"
HEIGHT="52" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="33%">
<P><CENTER> <B><A HREF="signalflags.html">Signal Flags</A></B></CENTER></TD>
<TD WIDTH="33%">
<P><CENTER> <B><A HREF="stormwarnings.html">Storm Warnings</A></B></CENTER></TD>
<TD WIDTH="34%">
<P><CENTER><B> <A HREF="boatingsafety.html">Boating Safety
Equipment</A></B></CENTER></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="33%"> </TD>
<TD WIDTH="33%"> </TD>
<TD WIDTH="34%"> </TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="376" HEIGHT="129" BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="2"
CELLPADDING="0">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="100%">
<P><CENTER> <IMG SRC="santa%20fe.GIF" WIDTH="357" HEIGHT="93"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></CENTER></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="100%">
<P><CENTER> <B>U.S.S. Santa Fe</B></CENTER></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="cruisers.html">Cruisers</A></CENTER></P>
<P><HR ALIGN=LEFT></P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="think.GIF" WIDTH="77" HEIGHT="77" NATURALSIZEFLAG="0"
ALIGN="BOTTOM"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>It is with great pleasure that I dedicate this Macintosh
help page to a fellow educator and Macintosh user:<BR>
<B>Clarence E. Arnold Sr.</B><BR>
1911-1995</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><HR></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="44ft.GIF" WIDTH="98" HEIGHT="63" NATURALSIZEFLAG="0"
ALIGN="BOTTOM"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio724398"
CHECKED="1"><B>United States Coast Guard Graphics</B></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>This page is dedicated in memory of:<BR>
<B>CWO Albert Joynes, USCG</B><BR>
1929-1975.</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER>and</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><B>Commodore Joseph E. Burnham, USCG Auxiliary</B><BR>
</CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="581" HEIGHT="92" BORDER="1" CELLSPACING="2"
CELLPADDING="0">
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="boats.html">Small Boats and Cutters</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="auxiliary.html">Coast Guard Auxiliary
Insignia</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="action.html">Action Graphics</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="earlyair.html">Early Aircraft</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="fixed.html">Fixed Wing Aircraft</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="insignia.html">Coast Guard Uniform
Insignia</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="lighthouses.html">Lighthouses</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="lightships.html">Lightships and Light
Towers</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="helo.html">Helicopters</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="historic.html">Historic Cutters</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="atons.html">Aids to Navigation</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="awards.html">Awards</A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="signalflags.html">Signal Flags</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="stormwarnings.html">Storm Warnings</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"> <A HREF="uscgflags.html">Flags of the Coast
Guard</A></TD>
<TD WIDTH="25%"><A HREF="auxiliaryflags.html">Coast Guard Auxiliary
Flags</A></TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><HR></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><IMG SRC="Boston%20Whaler%20logo.JPG" WIDTH="149"
HEIGHT="34" NATURALSIZEFLAG="0" ALIGN="BOTTOM" BORDER="0"></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><FONT COLOR="#ff0000" SIZE="+2">Ron's Whaler Page</FONT></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><A HREF="whaler.html">Boston Whalers</A></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><HR></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER><FONT SIZE="+4">Other Graphics</FONT></CENTER></P>
<P><CENTER> </CENTER></P>
<P><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio1351915" CHECKED="1"><A
HREF="ferries.html">Car Ferries of the Chesapeake Bay</A></P>
<P><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio258496" CHECKED="1">
<A HREF="navy.html">US Navy Graphics</A></P>
<P><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio360069" CHECKED="1">
<A HREF="artists.html">Local Artists of the Eastern Shore</A></P>
<P> <INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio172235"
CHECKED="1"><A HREF="clipart2.html">Assorted clipart</A></P>
<P><IMG SRC="clipartad.GIF" WIDTH="131" HEIGHT="62" NATURALSIZEFLAG="0"
ALIGN="BOTTOM"><A HREF="http://www.ist.net/clipart/">http://www.ist.net/clipart/</A></P>
<P><HR ALIGN=LEFT></P>
<P>Other Interesting Links...</P>
<P><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio683021" CHECKED="1"><A
HREF="http://www.uscgaux.org/~0541202">http://www.uscgaux.org/~0541202</A>United
States Coast Guard Auxiliary Flotilla 12-02 Link</P>
<P><INPUT TYPE="radio" VALUE="radio" NAME="radio206029" CHECKED="1"><A
HREF="http://www.nightowl-ds.com/rayspad">http://www.nightowl-ds.com/rayspad
</A>Great Coast Guard Links
</FORM>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
Ron's Page for Macintosh Help and Graphics Design
**Updated**
**27 June 2008**
Ron West
PO Box 134
Nassawadox, Va 23413
757-678-0124 (H)
e-mail
[[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
[ESPS Website](espsindex.html)
**You are Visitor**
[](http://www.military.com/)
[Class of 1966 Reunion](reunion.html)
---
**Welcome to my "Home Page". As you can see from
my "logo" I am an Apple enthusiast.**
**Look here for custom
graphics ranging from US Coast Guard graphics , Lighthouses, and
other designs. If you need custom clipart write for info. For
more, just look below !**
---
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | | |
| **[Signal Flags](signalflags.html)** | **[Storm Warnings](stormwarnings.html)** | **[Boating Safety
Equipment](boatingsafety.html)** |
| | | |
| |
| --- |
| |
| **U.S.S. Santa Fe** |
[Cruisers](cruisers.html)
---
It is with great pleasure that I dedicate this Macintosh
help page to a fellow educator and Macintosh user:
**Clarence E. Arnold Sr.**
1911-1995
---
**United States Coast Guard Graphics**
This page is dedicated in memory of:
**CWO Albert Joynes, USCG**
1929-1975.
and
**Commodore Joseph E. Burnham, USCG Auxiliary**
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Small Boats and Cutters](boats.html) | [Coast Guard Auxiliary
Insignia](auxiliary.html) | [Action Graphics](action.html) | [Early Aircraft](earlyair.html) |
| [Fixed Wing Aircraft](fixed.html) | [Coast Guard Uniform
Insignia](insignia.html) | [Lighthouses](lighthouses.html) | [Lightships and Light
Towers](lightships.html) |
| [Helicopters](helo.html) | [Historic Cutters](historic.html) | [Aids to Navigation](atons.html) | [Awards](awards.html) |
| [Signal Flags](signalflags.html) | [Storm Warnings](stormwarnings.html) | [Flags of the Coast
Guard](uscgflags.html) | [Coast Guard Auxiliary
Flags](auxiliaryflags.html) |
---
Ron's Whaler Page
[Boston Whalers](whaler.html)
---
Other Graphics
[Car Ferries of the Chesapeake Bay](ferries.html)
[US Navy Graphics](navy.html)
[Local Artists of the Eastern Shore](artists.html)
[Assorted clipart](clipart2.html)
<http://www.ist.net/clipart/>
---
Other Interesting Links...
<http://www.uscgaux.org/~0541202>United
States Coast Guard Auxiliary Flotilla 12-02 Link
<http://www.nightowl-ds.com/rayspad>Great Coast Guard Links
| http://rwest.esva.net/ |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>406 Not Acceptable</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Not Acceptable</h1>
<p>An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server.</p>
<p>Additionally, a 406 Not Acceptable
error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.</p>
</body></html>
|
406 Not Acceptable
# Not Acceptable
An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server.
Additionally, a 406 Not Acceptable
error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.
| https://www.meowjinboo.com/ |
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type"
content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<meta name="Author" content="Michael Triggs">
<meta name="Description"
content="Founded in 1996, Papercut Suicide has historically served as my multimedia mad science lab on the web. Currently, my interests include digital artwork, three-dimensional rendering, music synthesis, sonic alchemy, and brainwave entrainment.">
<meta name="keywords"
content="papercut suicide, altered states, altered states of consciousness, brainwave, entrainment, brainwave entrainment, brainwave frequency, brainwave generator, sound healing, sound entrainment, sonic healing, sonic alchemy, music, music synthesis, fractal, fractal music, digital art, Poser, Curious Labs Poser 5.0, multimedia art, poetry, multimedia poetry">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Microsoft FrontPage Express 2.0">
<title>Papercut Suicide </title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#000000" text="#FFFFFF" link="#00FFFF"
vlink="#FF00FF" alink="#FF0080">
<p align="center"><!--webbot bot="HTMLMarkup" startspan --><!--webbot
bot="HTMLMarkup" endspan --></p>
<hr>
<!-- Opening -->
<p align="center"> </p>
<p align="center"><em><strong>A Method Of Self-Annihilation For
Procrastinators</strong></em></p>
<p align="center"><img src="thingy1.jpg" alt="Some thingy."
width="120" height="188"><img src="paper-hd2.jpg"
alt="A multimedia mad science lab. " width="317" height="209"><img
src="thingy1-mir.jpg" alt="The thingy's reflection." width="120"
height="188"> </p>
<br>
<!-- End Opening -->
<hr>
<!-- Counter-->
<p align="center"><b>You are netperson # 3.14 to visit this page.</b></p>
<p>
<p align="center"><b>(Yes - I know I'm rounding off Pi. Please don't send the science police after me.)</b></p>
<p>
<p align="center"><b>(And yes - I know it's not a legitimate count of the webs. Yahoo apparently removed the counting mechanism in 2017.)</b></p>
<p>
<p align="center"><b>(The real big question here - who is the 14% of a person that visited my site? Aren't you even a little curious?)</b></p>
<p>
<!-- End counter -->
<hr>
<!-- Menu -->
<p align="center"><font size="4"><strong>Ye Menu</strong></font></p>
<p><br>
<br>
</p>
<p align="center"><a href="scribble.htm"><img src="sd-but.jpg"
alt="Scribble Dementia -- Multimedia Experimentation" border="0"
width="210" height="70"></a><a href="ps-news.htm"><img
src="new-but.jpg"
alt="News - relatively new news for a change. Neat, huh?"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="jot.htm"><img
src="jot-but.jpg"
alt="Multimedia Poetry. A tapestry of sound, images, and words"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="bajeeba.htm"><img
src="amuc-but.jpg"
alt="Alternate Modes Of Underwater Consciousness. Click me."
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="who.htm"><img
src="ram-but.jpg"
alt="My Rambling + The Most Recent MIDI I Was Playing With"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="links.html"><img
src="lnk-but.jpg"
alt="Links for Brainwave Entrainment, Altered States Of Consciousness, and Fractal Music"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="half.html"><img
src="hlc-ov.but.jpg" alt="Half-Life Chronicles Overview"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="ps-huh.htm"><img
src="hlc-st.but.jpg" alt="Half-Life Chronicles -- The Story"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="freq.htm"><img
src="freq-but.jpg" alt="Brainwave Frequency + Cymatics Chart"
border="0" width="210" height="70"></a><a href="doorway.htm"><img
src="gues-but.jpg" alt="The Guestbook" border="0" width="210"
height="70"></a></p>
<!-- End Menu --><!-- Eye -->
<p align="center"><a href="mailto:[email protected]"><img
src="lun-emb.jpg" alt="Powered By Lunarsight" width="254"
height="178"></a></p>
<!-- End Eye -->
<hr>
<!-- Update -->
<p align="center"><font size="4"><strong>Recent Updates</strong></font></p>
<p align="center"> </p>
<ul>
<li>MAJOR UPDATE! - I fixed the visitor counter. Woo! Next on my list of things to do - fix the rest of the website. I should have that done by my next update in 2025. - MPT 9/20/15<br clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>I recently updated the "Recent Updates" section
of the main page. =) - MPT 5/14/06<br clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>I haven't been regularly updating the <a
href="son-alc.htm">Sonic Alchemy Logbook</a> page. It had
been where I recorded my latest sonic experimentation,
including a bunch of Brainwave Generator presets. I'm
working on creating a blog for this purpose. That should
be easier to add entries to. (I manually modified the
HTML to add entries to the old Sonic Alchemy page, which
was a pain in the keishter.)<br clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The <a href="freq.htm">Frequency page</a> is a useful
resource for musicians, brainwave entrainment hobbyists,
and sound therapy folk. (Geeks in general may find it to
be an interesting curiosity.) It gives various
frequencies [in HZ], and lists everything that is
associated with those frequencies - it's particularly
useful for microtonal and electronic music, as well as
creating interesting tones to meditate/veg out listening
to. My updates to it have slowed down a bit, but people
still seem to be interested in it. (I think some people
treat it like a bible of sorts, which admittedly scares
me.)<br clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>The Alternate Modes Of Underwater Consciousness page is
still up on Soundclick: <a
href="http://www.soundclick.com/AMUC" target="_blank">http://www.soundclick.com/AMUC</a>.
(I'm currently working on some new music.) AMUC is also
represented on Last FM: <a
href="http://www.last.fm/music/AMUC" target="_blank">http://www.last.fm/music/AMUC</a>.
I also have my personal Last FM page, if you want to see
what crappy music I'm listening to on any given day: <a
href="http://www.last.fm/user/Lunarsight/"
target="_blank">http://www.last.fm/user/Lunarsight/</a> .<br
clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<ul>
<li>My <a
href="http://www.renderosity.com/gallery.ez?ByArtist=Yes&Artist=LunarSight"
target="_blank">Renderosity Art Gallery</a> is still up,
but my entries to that have been a little bit slow. I'll
throw up a photograph now and then, but I've been working
more on music than visual art lately. I also have a <a
href="http://lunarsight.deviantart.com/" target="_blank">Deviantart</a>
page, but I don't do as much with that one.<br
clear="left">
</li>
</ul>
<!-- End Update --><!-- Portal -->
<hr>
<p align="center"><a href="eye.htm"><img src="staring.gif"
alt="Eye Am My Eye Asylum" border="0" width="175" height="104"></a></p>
<p align="center"><a href="eye.htm"><img src="lunargate2.jpg"
alt="The Portal. It leads to the most recently updated art page."
width="320" height="372"></a></p>
<!-- End Portal -->
<hr>
<!-- Disclaimer -->
<p align="center"><font size="4"><strong>Disclaimers</strong></font></p>
<p><br>
</p>
<p align="center">Okay, a legit warning : If you suffer from
epilepsy, you might want to tread carefully here -- some of the
animations here have a lot of blinking and flickering to them,
and it could trigger a seizure in theory. Use your best judgement..</p>
<!-- End Disclaimer -->
<hr>
<p align="center"><font size="4"><strong>**Webrings/Banners**</strong></font></p>
<!-- Renderosity Webring -->
<p align="center"><a
href="http://www.renderosity.com/?ReferMember=423" target="_top"><img
src="http://www.renderosity.com/mod/linkshare/banners/ls_image_11.jpg"
alt="go to Renderosity.com" border="0" width="150" height="54"></a></p>
<!-- End Renderosity Webring -->
<p align="center"><a href="money.htm"><img src="money.gif"
alt="Do you want to make more MONEY?" border="0" width="481"
height="72"></a></p>
<p align="center"> </p>
</body>
</html>
|
Papercut Suicide
---
***A Method Of Self-Annihilation For
Procrastinators***
---
**You are netperson # 3.14 to visit this page.**
**(Yes - I know I'm rounding off Pi. Please don't send the science police after me.)**
**(And yes - I know it's not a legitimate count of the webs. Yahoo apparently removed the counting mechanism in 2017.)**
**(The real big question here - who is the 14% of a person that visited my site? Aren't you even a little curious?)**
---
**Ye Menu**
[](scribble.htm)[](ps-news.htm)[](jot.htm)[](bajeeba.htm)[](who.htm)[](links.html)[](half.html)[](ps-huh.htm)[](freq.htm)[](doorway.htm)
[](mailto:[email protected])
---
**Recent Updates**
* MAJOR UPDATE! - I fixed the visitor counter. Woo! Next on my list of things to do - fix the rest of the website. I should have that done by my next update in 2025. - MPT 9/20/15
* I recently updated the "Recent Updates" section
of the main page. =) - MPT 5/14/06
* I haven't been regularly updating the [Sonic Alchemy Logbook](son-alc.htm) page. It had
been where I recorded my latest sonic experimentation,
including a bunch of Brainwave Generator presets. I'm
working on creating a blog for this purpose. That should
be easier to add entries to. (I manually modified the
HTML to add entries to the old Sonic Alchemy page, which
was a pain in the keishter.)
* The [Frequency page](freq.htm) is a useful
resource for musicians, brainwave entrainment hobbyists,
and sound therapy folk. (Geeks in general may find it to
be an interesting curiosity.) It gives various
frequencies [in HZ], and lists everything that is
associated with those frequencies - it's particularly
useful for microtonal and electronic music, as well as
creating interesting tones to meditate/veg out listening
to. My updates to it have slowed down a bit, but people
still seem to be interested in it. (I think some people
treat it like a bible of sorts, which admittedly scares
me.)
* The Alternate Modes Of Underwater Consciousness page is
still up on Soundclick: <http://www.soundclick.com/AMUC>.
(I'm currently working on some new music.) AMUC is also
represented on Last FM: <http://www.last.fm/music/AMUC>.
I also have my personal Last FM page, if you want to see
what crappy music I'm listening to on any given day: <http://www.last.fm/user/Lunarsight/> .
* My [Renderosity Art Gallery](http://www.renderosity.com/gallery.ez?ByArtist=Yes&Artist=LunarSight) is still up,
but my entries to that have been a little bit slow. I'll
throw up a photograph now and then, but I've been working
more on music than visual art lately. I also have a [Deviantart](http://lunarsight.deviantart.com/)
page, but I don't do as much with that one.
---
[](eye.htm)
[](eye.htm)
---
**Disclaimers**
Okay, a legit warning : If you suffer from
epilepsy, you might want to tread carefully here -- some of the
animations here have a lot of blinking and flickering to them,
and it could trigger a seizure in theory. Use your best judgement..
---
**\*\*Webrings/Banners\*\***
[](http://www.renderosity.com/?ReferMember=423)
[](money.htm)
| http://www.lunarsight.com/ |
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<meta name="Author" content="Carl Donath">
<meta name="GENERATOR" content="Mozilla/4.75 [en] (Win98; U) [Netscape]">
<title>Guns</title>
</head>
<body text="#000000" bgcolor="#FFFFFF" link="#0000EE" vlink="#551A8B" alink="#FF0000">
<h2>
Guns</h2>
You may not like them, but they're a part of our society that's not going
away, and you may need one to protect your life some day.
<br>Please at least learn the basic rules, criteria for defensive use,
and how to use one.
<p><a href="http://www.donath.org/Rants/TheFourRules">Cooper's Four Rules
of Safe Gun Handling</a>
<p><a href="http://www.donath.org/Rants/ScoutRifleTaxonomy">Scout Rifle
Taxonomy</a>
<p><a href="http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/CooperRifle">Cooper General
Rifle</a>
<p><a href="http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/SteyrScout">Steyr Scout</a>
<p><a href="http://www.ayoob.com/lfi-1.htm">LFI-I</a>, <a href="http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-II">-II</a>,
<a href="http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-III">-III</a>,
<a href="http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-IV">-IV</a>
<br>
<br>
</body>
</html>
|
Guns
##
Guns
You may not like them, but they're a part of our society that's not going
away, and you may need one to protect your life some day.
Please at least learn the basic rules, criteria for defensive use,
and how to use one.
[Cooper's Four Rules
of Safe Gun Handling](http://www.donath.org/Rants/TheFourRules)
[Scout Rifle
Taxonomy](http://www.donath.org/Rants/ScoutRifleTaxonomy)
[Cooper General
Rifle](http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/CooperRifle)
[Steyr Scout](http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/SteyrScout)
[LFI-I](http://www.ayoob.com/lfi-1.htm), [-II](http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-II),
[-III](http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-III),
[-IV](http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/LFI-IV)
| http://www.donath.org/Defense/Guns/ |
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<p>
<font face="Verdana" size="4"><a href="https://www.chuckg.com/index.php">Chuckg.com
Consulting LLC<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML//EN"></a></font></p>
<h1 align="center"> The Chuck Grandgent Homepage
<img height="167" src="images/us.gif" width="153"> </h1>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="AutoNumber1">
<tr>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/chuck_g2.jpg" width="104" height="124"></p>
<p align="center"> </td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/45637_15e.jpg" width="338" height="226"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center">
<img border="0" src="images/index21.jpg" width="365" height="273"></td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center"> <a href="https://www.arrl.org" target><img
src="images/arrl.gif" alt="arrl.gif (1131 bytes)" border="0" width="83" height="172"></a>
<a href="https://www.gars.net/gars.htm">
<img border="0" src="images/GARS.jpg" width="132" height="129"></a>
<a href="https://www.wb4hfn.com/DrakeHomePage.htm">
<img border="0" src="images/drake.jpg" width="185" height="75"></a></p>
<p align="center"> click here for <a href="moreham.htm">more ham
radio links</a><p align="center">
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="left">
<img src="images/open-book.gif" alt="open-book.gif (6895 bytes)" width="250" height="136">BOOKS: <a
href="books.htm">click here</a> for links to Charles H. Grandgent and other books.</p>
<p align="left"><big><big><em><strong>Suzy's</strong></em> stories
<a href="https://www.chuckg.com/suzyg/SuzysHamstersAdventures.htm">HERE</a> !
<em><strong>Tom's</strong></em>
pages <a href="http://www.grandgent.com/tom">HERE</a> !
<i><b>Mackersie</b></i> pages <a href="mackersie_pages.htm">HERE</a></big></big></p>
<hr>
<p>6/8/04 Some Charlie Hamilton <a href="https://www.hitforthecycle.org">HitForTheCycle</a>
pix <a href="https://www.chuckg.com/charliepix.htm">HERE</a>.</p>
<hr>
<p> </p>
<p> <font face="Verdana" size="6">We now live in SUNNY FLORIDA</font> <img border="0" src="images/sunnyfla.jpg" width="313" height="233"></p>
<hr>
<p><font size="+2">I <strike>work</strike> <b>used to work</b> some on the T.120 data-conferencing software, and
<strike>participate</strike> <b>participated</b> in the ITU-T
(Q3/16) standards work. A good site for an explanation of these standards is the site for
the <a href="https://www.imtc.org">IMTC</a> (International Multimedia Conferencing
Consortium); </font></p>
<p><font size="+2">See the <a href="https://www.chuckg.com/imtcftp.html"><strong>IMTC FTP site</strong>,</a> which contains draft IMTC specs and contributions, and also ITU-T SG16 Q3 work-in-progress
drafts, as well as the t120-interest mailing list. To get information on this list,
you can click <a href="mailto:[email protected]">here</a>.</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">IMTC Edinburgh pics from 1997 here:
<a href="https://www.chuckg.com/edinburgh/edinburg.htm">
https://www.chuckg.com/edinburgh/edinburg.htm</a> </font></p>
<p><font size="+2">If you have any questions about this stuff, or problems accessing it, you can email me
at "chuck at chuckg.com"</font></p>
<p><font size="+2">In a previous life, I worked at <a href="https://www.picturetel.com"><strong>PictureTel
Corporation</strong></a>, (subsequently swallowed by
<a href="https://www.polycom.com">Polycom</a>) the videoconferencing equipment vendor. All the (bizarre) images
on these web pages date from that era, and were actually captured using both Intel ActionMedia II and IBM M-Motion boards, and PictureTel videoconferencing equipment
(System 4000). I make
no apologies for the oddness of the images, but attribute it to the primitive state of the
capturing hardware :) </font></p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse" bordercolor="#111111" width="100%" id="AutoNumber2">
<tr>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="images/hchunkq1.gif" width="256" height="177"> </p>
<p align="center">Chuck performing dangerous video experiments on himself, circa 1991. </p>
<p> </td>
<td width="50%">
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="images/hchunkq2.gif" width="256" height="177"></p>
<p align="center"> </p>
<p align="center"> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="left"><font size="+2"><img src="boston/images/new1.gif" alt="new1.gif (2760 bytes)" width="56" height="42">
Here are scans of the report of project DIANE, a project which used PictureTel
desktop videoconferencing systems along with IBM's P2P collaboration software</font></p>
<p align="left"><font size="+2"><a href="diane/diane1.htm">DIANE1</a>
<a href="diane/diane2.htm">DIANE2</a>
<a href="diane/diane3.htm">DIANE3</a>
<a href="diane/diane4.htm">DIANE4</a>
<a href="diane/diane5.htm">DIANE5</a></font></p>
<hr>
<p><font size="+2"> I think in late 1991 there was a conference in California called <strong>"Workplace
93"</strong>. The idea was that the industry felt that "Multimedia" would
not take off until 1993. So they made sweatshirts which said "Workplace 93".
<!--
Need Chrome and the "Enable-local-file" add-on
Click here to see the <a href="file:\\\\\NASF27306\blanks\2017-11-06\016385-0814171355343-Cam5.jpg">"Workplace 93 DVI Multimedia
-->
Click here to see the <a href="images/chuck3.jpg">"Workplace 93 DVI Multimedia
tee-shirt"</a>. This picture was probably taken in 1992. </font></p><hr>
<p><a href="https://www.chuckg.com/osi300.html">Ohio Scientific Computer Trainer Model 300</a>, (in a case) from 1975 <img border="0" src="https://www.chuckg.com/images/osi300/IMG_20160311_120049972.jpg" width="320" height="240"> </p>
<p> </p>
<hr>
<p><font size="5" face="Verdana"><a href="nec_astra_112808.htm">NEC ASTRA
brought back to life 11/28/08</a>
<img border="0" src="images/nec_as1.jpg" width="320" height="240"></font></p>
<p> </p>
<address>
You can contact me at "chuck dot grandgent at gmail dot com" </address>
<address>
</address>
<address>
</address>
<p> </p>
</body>
</html>
|
Chuck Grandgent website
[Chuckg.com
Consulting LLC](https://www.chuckg.com/index.php)
# The Chuck Grandgent Homepage
| | |
| --- | --- |
|
|
|
|
| [arrl.gif (1131 bytes)](https://www.arrl.org)
click here for [more ham
radio links](moreham.htm)
|
BOOKS: [click here](books.htm) for links to Charles H. Grandgent and other books.
***Suzy's*** stories
[HERE](https://www.chuckg.com/suzyg/SuzysHamstersAdventures.htm) !
***Tom's***
pages [HERE](http://www.grandgent.com/tom) !
***Mackersie*** pages [HERE](mackersie_pages.htm)
---
6/8/04 Some Charlie Hamilton [HitForTheCycle](https://www.hitforthecycle.org)
pix [HERE](https://www.chuckg.com/charliepix.htm).
---
We now live in SUNNY FLORIDA 
---
I work **used to work** some on the T.120 data-conferencing software, and
participate **participated** in the ITU-T
(Q3/16) standards work. A good site for an explanation of these standards is the site for
the [IMTC](https://www.imtc.org) (International Multimedia Conferencing
Consortium);
See the [**IMTC FTP site**,](https://www.chuckg.com/imtcftp.html) which contains draft IMTC specs and contributions, and also ITU-T SG16 Q3 work-in-progress
drafts, as well as the t120-interest mailing list. To get information on this list,
you can click [here](mailto:[email protected]).
IMTC Edinburgh pics from 1997 here:
<https://www.chuckg.com/edinburgh/edinburg.htm>
If you have any questions about this stuff, or problems accessing it, you can email me
at "chuck at chuckg.com"
In a previous life, I worked at [**PictureTel
Corporation**](https://www.picturetel.com), (subsequently swallowed by
[Polycom](https://www.polycom.com)) the videoconferencing equipment vendor. All the (bizarre) images
on these web pages date from that era, and were actually captured using both Intel ActionMedia II and IBM M-Motion boards, and PictureTel videoconferencing equipment
(System 4000). I make
no apologies for the oddness of the images, but attribute it to the primitive state of the
capturing hardware :)
| | |
| --- | --- |
|
Chuck performing dangerous video experiments on himself, circa 1991.
|
|
Here are scans of the report of project DIANE, a project which used PictureTel
desktop videoconferencing systems along with IBM's P2P collaboration software
[DIANE1](diane/diane1.htm)
[DIANE2](diane/diane2.htm)
[DIANE3](diane/diane3.htm)
[DIANE4](diane/diane4.htm)
[DIANE5](diane/diane5.htm)
---
I think in late 1991 there was a conference in California called **"Workplace
93"**. The idea was that the industry felt that "Multimedia" would
not take off until 1993. So they made sweatshirts which said "Workplace 93".
Click here to see the ["Workplace 93 DVI Multimedia
tee-shirt"](images/chuck3.jpg). This picture was probably taken in 1992.
---
[Ohio Scientific Computer Trainer Model 300](https://www.chuckg.com/osi300.html), (in a case) from 1975 
---
[NEC ASTRA
brought back to life 11/28/08](nec_astra_112808.htm)
You can contact me at "chuck dot grandgent at gmail dot com"
| https://chuckg.com/ |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
<html>
<head>
<meta name="description" content="U404S">
<meta http-equiv="description" content="U404S">
<meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="de">
<META name="language" content="german, deutsch, de">
<META name="use" content="private">
<META name="city" content="Lueneburg, Lüneburg, Handorf">
<META name="country" content="Germany/Deutschland">
<META name="distribution" content="global">
<META name="Owner" content="Langenkamp">
<META name="organization-name" content="Langenkamp">
<META name="organization-handle" content="Langenkamp">
<META name="organization-email" content="unimog#eulan.de ">
<META name="robots" content="index">
<META name="robots" content="follow">
<META content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" http-equiv=Content-Type>
<title>Mein Unimog 404S</title>
<base target="_self">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="../css/styles-main.css">
<script language="JavaScript"><!--
//--></script></head>
<body bgcolor="#F5F9FA">
<p align="center"><img border="0" src="../images/ulogo.jpg" width="217" height="80"></p>
<p> </p>
<table border="0" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" width="100%">
<tr>
<font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts
wurde der Unimog 404S von einem kanadischen Unimog-Kenner als Bootsanker
tituliert, da er wegen fehlender Anbaumöglichkeit für
Zusatzgeräte (Schneepflug, Kehrbesen, Frontlader, Heck-Hydraulik...)
zu nichts Anderem zu gebrauchen sei. Erschwerend auch der Umstand,
dass der 404 der einzige Unimog mit Benzinmotor ist.</b></font>
<p><font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>
Nach meinem zugegeben subjektiven Eindruck ist der 404 auch für andere Verwendungen geeignet</b></font><font color="teal">.
<br>
</font> <br>
<font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>Logo, sonst würde er ja nicht</b></font> <b><font color="red" face="Arial" size="4">UNI</font></b><font color="teal" face="Arial" size="4"><b>versal-</b></font><b><font color="red" face="Arial" size="4">MO</font></b><font color="teal" face="Arial" size="4"><b>tor</b></font><b><font color="red" face="Arial" size="4">G</font></b><font color="teal" face="Arial" size="4"><b>erät heissen.
<br></b></font> <br></p>
<p align="center" class"=header"> <font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" width="100%">
<tr>
<font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>Für mich ist er ein Wohnmobil (die Betonung liegt auf mobil)... <br>
<br> </b></font> <font size="4" face="Arial" color="teal">
</tr>
</table>
<table border="4" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" width="100%">
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/su404-5.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/su404-5.jpg" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">das ist mein 404</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/hdochzu1.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/hdochzu1.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">jetzt mit Hubdach</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/hdachoffen1.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/hdachoffen1.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">geöffnet</font></td>
</tr>
<br>
<br>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/hdinnen1.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/hdinnen1.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">von innen</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/sitze1.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/sitze1.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">mit Sitzen vom TOYOTA PICNIC</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/tisch1.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/tisch1.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">Tisch</font></td>
</tr>
<br>
<br>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/waschtisch.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/waschtisch.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">und (Ab)Waschgelegenheit</font></td>
<td></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="4" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" width="100%">
<tr>
<font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>und Lastenesel...
<br>
</b></font> <br> <font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<br>
<font color="#f00000">
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/ahk.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/ahk.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">hier wird angehängt</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/kofferhh.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/kofferhh.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">ein Koffer für die eigenen Kids</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/robur404.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/robur404.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">unter Brüdern</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="4" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="3" width="100%">
<tr>
<font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal"><b>Katastrophenhelfer bei der Elbeflut August 2002...
<br>
</b></font> <br>
<font color="teal" face="Arial Narrow" size="4">Durch den Katastrophenalarm wurde die STVO teilweise außer Kraft gesetzt.
2 landwirtsch. Anhänger(25kmh) hinter einem Sonder-Kfz Wohnmobil geht wohl sonst nicht und mit dem Zug in Polizeibegleitung mit Tempo 60 über die Landstraßen ...
<br></font> <font face="Arial" size="4" color="teal">
<td></td>
<td></td>
<br>
<font color="#f00000">
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk01.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk01.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">an der Beladestation</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk02.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk02.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">am Deich in Walmsburg</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk03.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk03.gif" width="200" height="130"><br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">zur Erhöhung der Deichkrone</font></td>
</tr>
<br>
<tr>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk04.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk04.gif" width="200" height="130"><br>
<br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">mit 2 Anhängern abfahrbereit</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk05.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk05.gif" width="200" height="130"><br>
<br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">die Häuser im Hintergrund stehen im Wasser</font></td>
<td valign="top"><a href="#" onclick="window.open('../unimog/fk06.jpg', '','width=650,height=450,left=30,top=30,scrollbars=no,resizable=yes,toolbar=no'); return false;"><img border="0" src="../unimog/fk06.gif" width="200" height="130"><br>
<br></a>
<p align="top"><font color="#0000f0">die Elbe drückt durch den Deich</font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<p><font size="4" color="teal" face="Arial">Hintergründe zu meinem
404 gibt es hier</font></p>
<p><font size="4" face="Arial" color="teal">=><font size="4" face="Arial">
<a href="http://www.eulan.de/unimog01.htm" target="_blank"><font size="4" face="Arial" color="blue"><u>mein 404-Sammelsurium</u><font size="4" face="Arial" color="teal"><font size="4" face="Arial">
<br>
<br></font></a></font></font></font></font></p>
<p><font size="4" face="Arial" color="teal"><font size="4" face="Arial"><font size="4" face="Arial" color="blue"><font size="4" face="Arial" color="teal"><font size="4" face="Arial">Mein
404 war im Jahre 2001 Darsteller in dem Film "Hundsköpfe",
einer Gemeinschaftsproduktion von ORB und ZDF,</font></font></font></font></font></p>
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<p><font size="4" face="Paragon" color="teal"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="3"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="3"><font size="4"><font size="4"><font size="3"><font size="4"><font size="3"><font size="4"><font size="3"><b>Ulli
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Mein Unimog 404S
<!--
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|**Anfang dieses Jahrhunderts
wurde der Unimog 404S von einem kanadischen Unimog-Kenner als Bootsanker
tituliert, da er wegen fehlender Anbaumöglichkeit für
Zusatzgeräte (Schneepflug, Kehrbesen, Frontlader, Heck-Hydraulik...)
zu nichts Anderem zu gebrauchen sei. Erschwerend auch der Umstand,
dass der 404 der einzige Unimog mit Benzinmotor ist.**
**Nach meinem zugegeben subjektiven Eindruck ist der 404 auch für andere Verwendungen geeignet**.
**Logo, sonst würde er ja nicht** **UNI****versal-****MO****tor****G****erät heissen.**
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|**Für mich ist er ein Wohnmobil (die Betonung liegt auf mobil)...**
| |
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
das ist mein 404 |
jetzt mit Hubdach |
geöffnet |
|
von innen |
mit Sitzen vom TOYOTA PICNIC |
Tisch |
|
und (Ab)Waschgelegenheit | | |
| | |
| --- | --- |
|**und Lastenesel...**
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hier wird angehängt |
ein Koffer für die eigenen Kids |
unter Brüdern |
| | |
| --- | --- |
|**Katastrophenhelfer bei der Elbeflut August 2002...**
Durch den Katastrophenalarm wurde die STVO teilweise außer Kraft gesetzt.
2 landwirtsch. Anhänger(25kmh) hinter einem Sonder-Kfz Wohnmobil geht wohl sonst nicht und mit dem Zug in Polizeibegleitung mit Tempo 60 über die Landstraßen ...
|
|
|
an der Beladestation |
am Deich in Walmsburg |
zur Erhöhung der Deichkrone |
|
mit 2 Anhängern abfahrbereit |
die Häuser im Hintergrund stehen im Wasser |
die Elbe drückt durch den Deich |
Hintergründe zu meinem
404 gibt es hier
=>
[mein 404-Sammelsurium](http://www.eulan.de/unimog01.htm)
Mein
404 war im Jahre 2001 Darsteller in dem Film "Hundsköpfe",
einer Gemeinschaftsproduktion von ORB und ZDF,
=> [Zur Filmseite](http://www.eulan.de/film/index.htm)
**Ulli
Langenkamp, 12.03.2004**
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<TD WIDTH="50%" VALIGN="CENTER" ALIGN="CENTER"><H1 ALIGN="CENTER">The Kalevala</H1>
<H2 ALIGN="CENTER">translated by John Martin Crawford</H2>
<H4 ALIGN="CENTER">[1888]</H4>
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<P>
The Kalevala is the national saga of Finland.
Pieced together (and embellished) by Elias Lönnrot
in the late 19th Century, from a traditional cycle told by rural storytellers,
the tales which constitute the Kalevala show
signs of great antiquity.--J. B. Hare
</P>
<HR>
<A NAME="contents"></A>
<A HREF="kvtitle.htm">Title Page</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvtoc.htm">Contents</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvintro.htm">Preface</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune00.htm">Proem.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune01.htm">Rune I. Birth of Wainamoinen.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune02.htm">Rune II. Wainamoinen's Sowing.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune03.htm">Rune III. Wainamoinen and Youkahainen.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune04.htm">Rune IV. The Fate of Aino.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune05.htm">Rune V. Wainamoinen's Lamentation.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune06.htm">Rune VI. Wainamoinen's Hapless Journey.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune07.htm">Rune VII. Wainamoinen's Rescue.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune08.htm">Rune VIII. Maiden of the Rainbow.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune09.htm">Rune IX. Origin of Iron.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune10.htm">Rune X. Ilmarinen Forges the Sampo.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune11.htm">Rune XI. Lemminkainen's Lament.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune12.htm">Rune XII. Kyllikki's Broken Vow.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune13.htm">Rune XIII. Lemminikainen's Second Wooing.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune14.htm">Rune XIV. Death of Lemminkainen.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune15.htm">Rune XV. Lemminkainen's Restoration.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune16.htm">Rune XVI. Wainamoinen's Boat-building.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune17.htm">Rune XVII. Wainamoinen Finds the Lost-word.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune18.htm">Rune XVIII. The Rival Suitors.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune19.htm">Rune XIX. Ilmarinen's Wooing.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune20.htm">Rune XX. The Brewing of Beer.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune21.htm">Rune XXI. Ilmarinen's Wedding-feast.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune22.htm">Rune XXII. The Bride's Farewell.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune23.htm">Rune XXIII. Osmotar the Bride-adviser</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune24.htm">Rune XXIV. The Bride's Farewell.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune25.htm">Rune XXV. Wainamoinen's Wedding-songs.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune26.htm">Rune XXVI. Origin of the Serpent.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune27.htm">Rune XXVII. The Unwelcome Guest.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune28.htm">Rune XXVIII. The Mother's Counsel</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune29.htm">Rune XXIX. The Isle of Refuge.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune30.htm">Rune XXX. The Frost-fiend.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune31.htm">Rune XXXI. Kullerwoinen Son of Evil.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune32.htm">Rune XXXII. Kullervo As A Sheperd.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune33.htm">Rune XXXIII. Kullervo and the Cheat-cake.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune34.htm">Rune XXXIV. Kullervo Finds His Tribe-folk.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune35.htm">Rune XXXV. Kullervo's Evil Deeds.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune36.htm">Rune XXXVI. Kullerwoinen's Victory and Death.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune37.htm">Rune XXXVII. Ilmarinen's Bride of Gold.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune38.htm">Rune XXXVIII. Ilmarinen's Fruitless Wooing.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune39.htm">Rune XXXIX. Wainamoinen's Sailing.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune40.htm">Rune XL. Birth of the Harp.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune41.htm">Rune XLI. Wainamoinen's Harp-songs.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune42.htm">Rune XLII. Capture of the Sampo.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune43.htm">Rune XLIII. The Sampo Lost In the Sea.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune44.htm">Rune XLIV. Birth of the Second Harp.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune45.htm">Rune XLV. Birth of the Nine Diseases</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune46.htm">Rune XLVI. Otso the Honey-eater.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune47.htm">Rune XLVII. Louhi Steals Sun, Moon, and Fire.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune48.htm">Rune XLVIII. Capture of the Fire-fish.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune49.htm">Rune XLIX. Restoration of the Sun and Moon.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvrune50.htm">Rune L. Mariatta--Wainamoinen's Departure.</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvepi.htm">Epilogue</A><BR>
<A HREF="kvgloss.htm">Glossary</A><BR>
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The Kalevala Index
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---
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| | The Kalevala
translated by John Martin Crawford
[1888] |
---
[Contents](#contents)
[Start Reading](kvtitle.htm)
[Text [Zipped]](kv.txt.gz)
---
| |
| --- |
| Shop at Amazon.com |
The Kalevala is the national saga of Finland.
Pieced together (and embellished) by Elias Lönnrot
in the late 19th Century, from a traditional cycle told by rural storytellers,
the tales which constitute the Kalevala show
signs of great antiquity.--J. B. Hare
---
[Title Page](kvtitle.htm)
[Contents](kvtoc.htm)
[Preface](kvintro.htm)
[Proem.](kvrune00.htm)
[Rune I. Birth of Wainamoinen.](kvrune01.htm)
[Rune II. Wainamoinen's Sowing.](kvrune02.htm)
[Rune III. Wainamoinen and Youkahainen.](kvrune03.htm)
[Rune IV. The Fate of Aino.](kvrune04.htm)
[Rune V. Wainamoinen's Lamentation.](kvrune05.htm)
[Rune VI. Wainamoinen's Hapless Journey.](kvrune06.htm)
[Rune VII. Wainamoinen's Rescue.](kvrune07.htm)
[Rune VIII. Maiden of the Rainbow.](kvrune08.htm)
[Rune IX. Origin of Iron.](kvrune09.htm)
[Rune X. Ilmarinen Forges the Sampo.](kvrune10.htm)
[Rune XI. Lemminkainen's Lament.](kvrune11.htm)
[Rune XII. Kyllikki's Broken Vow.](kvrune12.htm)
[Rune XIII. Lemminikainen's Second Wooing.](kvrune13.htm)
[Rune XIV. Death of Lemminkainen.](kvrune14.htm)
[Rune XV. Lemminkainen's Restoration.](kvrune15.htm)
[Rune XVI. Wainamoinen's Boat-building.](kvrune16.htm)
[Rune XVII. Wainamoinen Finds the Lost-word.](kvrune17.htm)
[Rune XVIII. The Rival Suitors.](kvrune18.htm)
[Rune XIX. Ilmarinen's Wooing.](kvrune19.htm)
[Rune XX. The Brewing of Beer.](kvrune20.htm)
[Rune XXI. Ilmarinen's Wedding-feast.](kvrune21.htm)
[Rune XXII. The Bride's Farewell.](kvrune22.htm)
[Rune XXIII. Osmotar the Bride-adviser](kvrune23.htm)
[Rune XXIV. The Bride's Farewell.](kvrune24.htm)
[Rune XXV. Wainamoinen's Wedding-songs.](kvrune25.htm)
[Rune XXVI. Origin of the Serpent.](kvrune26.htm)
[Rune XXVII. The Unwelcome Guest.](kvrune27.htm)
[Rune XXVIII. The Mother's Counsel](kvrune28.htm)
[Rune XXIX. The Isle of Refuge.](kvrune29.htm)
[Rune XXX. The Frost-fiend.](kvrune30.htm)
[Rune XXXI. Kullerwoinen Son of Evil.](kvrune31.htm)
[Rune XXXII. Kullervo As A Sheperd.](kvrune32.htm)
[Rune XXXIII. Kullervo and the Cheat-cake.](kvrune33.htm)
[Rune XXXIV. Kullervo Finds His Tribe-folk.](kvrune34.htm)
[Rune XXXV. Kullervo's Evil Deeds.](kvrune35.htm)
[Rune XXXVI. Kullerwoinen's Victory and Death.](kvrune36.htm)
[Rune XXXVII. Ilmarinen's Bride of Gold.](kvrune37.htm)
[Rune XXXVIII. Ilmarinen's Fruitless Wooing.](kvrune38.htm)
[Rune XXXIX. Wainamoinen's Sailing.](kvrune39.htm)
[Rune XL. Birth of the Harp.](kvrune40.htm)
[Rune XLI. Wainamoinen's Harp-songs.](kvrune41.htm)
[Rune XLII. Capture of the Sampo.](kvrune42.htm)
[Rune XLIII. The Sampo Lost In the Sea.](kvrune43.htm)
[Rune XLIV. Birth of the Second Harp.](kvrune44.htm)
[Rune XLV. Birth of the Nine Diseases](kvrune45.htm)
[Rune XLVI. Otso the Honey-eater.](kvrune46.htm)
[Rune XLVII. Louhi Steals Sun, Moon, and Fire.](kvrune47.htm)
[Rune XLVIII. Capture of the Fire-fish.](kvrune48.htm)
[Rune XLIX. Restoration of the Sun and Moon.](kvrune49.htm)
[Rune L. Mariatta--Wainamoinen's Departure.](kvrune50.htm)
[Epilogue](kvepi.htm)
[Glossary](kvgloss.htm)
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<option value="/ppg/010828CasaGrande/">August 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010823CasaGrande/">August 23, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC</option>
<option value="/ppg/010821CasaGrande/">August 21, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC</option>
<option value="/ppg/010818LakePleasant/">August 18, 2001 - Lake Pleasant</option>
<option value="/ppg/010816CasaGrande/">August 16, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) FlyIn</option>
<option value="/ppg/010813CasaGrande/">August 13, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010802CasaGrande/">August 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010731CasaGrande/">July 31, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010724CasaGrande/">July 24, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option><br>
<option value="/ppg/010719CasaGrande/">July 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010717CasaGrande/">July 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010712CasaGrande/">July 12, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010702PostRanch/">July 2, 2001 - Post Ranch</option>
<option value="/ppg/010630LakePleasant/">June 30, 2001 - Lake Pleasant Fly In</option>
<option value="/ppg/010609BensonAirport/">June 9, 2001 - Benson Airport</option>
<option value="/ppg/010602CasaGrande/">June 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</option>
<option value="/ppg/010526QueenCreek/">May 26, 2001 - Queen Creek Fly-In</option>
<option value="/ppg/010519QueenCreek/">May 19, 2001 - Queen Creek</option>
<option value="/ppg/010515Marana/">May 15, 2001 - Marana</option>
<option value="/ppg/010512CasaGrande-Scooter/">May 12, 2001 - Casa Grande Fly-In & Scooter</option>
<option value="/ppg/010505CasaGrande/">May 5, 2001 - Casa Grande</option>
<option value="/ppg/010428CasaGrande/">Apr 28, 2001 - Casa Grande</option>
<option value="/ppg/010224Marana/">Feb 24, 2001 - Marana</option>
<option value="/ppg/990610ForestPark/">June 10, 1999 - Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri</option>
</select></td>
<td><input type="submit" value="Go Mo!" style="font-family: Verdana, Helvetica; font-size: 8pt; color: #2B2E5B; background-color: #EEEEEE;"></td></form>
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<td><img src="blank.gif" width="780" height="1" border="0"></td>
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<td><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" width="100%">
<tr><td colspan="3" bgcolor="#4F5D72" nowrap height="18"><p style="margin-left: 3"><font style="color: #FFFFFF; font-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 100%; letter-spacing: .038em;"><img src="blank.gif" width="50" height="1" border="0">Welcome to Mo's Cool PPG Pic's and Stories</font></p></td></tr>
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<td width="1" bgcolor="#4F5D72"><img src="blank.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0"></td>
<td width="5"><img src="blank.gif" width="5" height="1" border="0"></td>
<td width="776" height="15"><font style="color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 75%; letter-spacing: .038em;"><br>
<!-- Start DaVinci Quote -->
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="right">
<tr><td width="80"><a href="http://www.angelfire.com/electronic/awakening101/davinci-chute.html" target="_blank"><img src="davincipara.gif" width="60" height="100" border="0"></a></td>
<td width="165"><font style="color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 75%; letter-spacing: .038em;">
<i>“When once you have tasted flight, you will forever walk the earth with your eyes turned skyward, for there you have been, and there you will always long to return.”<br>
Leonardo da Vinci</i></font></td>
<td width="92"><img src="davinci.jpg" width="92" height="120" border="0" align="right"></td></tr>
</table>
<!-- End DaVinci Quote -->
<a href="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/scooter.jpg"><img src="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/thmb/thmb_scooter.jpg" border=0 width=38 height=50 hspace="4" align="left"></a>Here you will find a collection of Powered Paragliding (PPG) pictures and stories compliled by <a href="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/scooter.jpg">Maurice "Mo" Sheldon</a>, a PPG dealer and instructor of <a href="/">Airparamo</a> in Arizona.<br><br>
Use the links at the top of the page or below to navigate the different sections. If you have any suggestions for additions, ommissions, or changes, please send me an email to <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>.<br><br>
There have been 2543 page views since .<br clear="right"><br>
<!-- Start Site Updates -->
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" align="right" bgcolor="#4F5D72">
<tr><td bgcolor="#4F5D72" nowrap height="15" align="center"><p style="margin-left: 3"><font style="color: #FFFFFF; font-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 70%; letter-spacing: .038em;">Site Last Updated</font></p></td></tr>
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<tr><td><font style="color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 65%; letter-spacing: .038em;">
<i>Oct 17, 2002</i> - Added new adventure.<br>
<i>May 10, 2002</i> - Removed some links<br>
<i>Mar 20, 2002</i> - Lots of bug fixes, redid link names<br>
<i>Feb 9, 2002</i> - Added two new adventures.<br>
<i>Jan 24, 2002</i> - Lot's of fixes and additions: Added "20 Rules of Flight" page; added info to the "Mods, Fixes & Inventions" page and "Equipment List" page.<br>
<i>Jan 21, 2002</i> - Added new adventure; added "Cool" link below.<br>
<i>Jan 17, 2002</i> - Fixed small details; added more info to "Equipment" page.<br>
<i>Jan 14, 2002</i> - Added ten new adventures.<br>
<i>Dec 20, 2001</i> - Added a new adventure with video.<br>
<i>Dec 19, 2001</i> - Added several new adventures and video.<br>
<i>Oct 24, 2001</i> - Added a new adventure.<br>
<i>Oct 22, 2001</i> - Added four new adventures.<br>
</font></td></tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<!-- End Site Updates -->
<a href="rules/" class="sidenav"><b><img src="blank.gif" width="80" height="1" border="0">20 Rules of Flight (Modified for PPG)<img src="blank.gif" width="80" height="1" border="0"></b></a><br>
An incredibly insightful <a href="rules/">list of PPG do's and don'ts</a>.<br clear="left"><br>
<a href="mods/" class="sidenav"><b><img src="blank.gif" width="70" height="1" border="0">PPG Mods, Fixes & Inventions<img src="blank.gif" width="70" height="1" border="0"></b><br>
<img src="mods/thmb/thmb_DSC00230.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38 align="left"></a>Some useful <a href="mods/">PPG modifications, fixes and inventions.</a><br clear="left"><br>
<a href="equipment/" class="sidenav"><b><img src="blank.gif" width="60" height="1" border="0">PPG Equipment List<img src="blank.gif" width="60" height="1" border="0"></b><br>
<img src="equipment/thmb_equipment.jpg" width=50 height=50 border=0 align="left"></a>Some of <a href="equipment/">Mo's equipment recommendations</a> and <br>a list of <a href="equipment/">what to take with you when you PPG</a>.<br clear="left"><br>
<a href="car/" class="sidenav"><b><img src="blank.gif" width="60" height="1" border="0">Why I PPG<img src="blank.gif" width="60" height="1" border="0"></b><br>
<img src="car/thmb/thmb_DSC00291.jpg" width=50 height=38 border=0 align="left"></a>Some of the <a href="car/">main reasons why I PPG</a>.<br clear="left"><br clear="right"><br>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" align="right">
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<!-- Start Cool PPG Links -->
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<tr><td bgcolor="#4F5D72" nowrap height="15" align="center"><p style="margin-left: 3"><font style="color: #FFFFFF; font-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 70%; letter-spacing: .038em;">Cool PPG Links</font></p></td></tr>
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<tr><td><font style="color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 75%; letter-spacing: .038em;">
<b>Local Stuff</b><br>
<a href="/">Airparamo</a> - My PPG instrctor and dealer website<br>
<a href="http://www.azppg.com/" target="_blank">AZPPG</a> - Arizona Powered Paragliding<br>
<a href="http://www.azppg.com/cgi-bin/webbbs/index.cgi" target="_blank">AZPPG Bulletin Board</a> - Our local BBS<br>
<a href="http://personal.riverusers.com/~bigair/" target="_blank">Alas de Arizona</a> - Southern Arizona PG<br>
<a href="http://www.proboards.com/boards/index.cgi?&user=mandy&b=1" target="_blank">Alas de Arizona Bulletin Board</a><br>
<a href="http://www.gci-net.com/users/j/jlowery/" target="_blank">Southern Arizona Hang Glider Association</a><br>
<a href="http://www.daums.com/steve/pgtucsonjan2001.htm" target="_blank">Steve and Georgia Daum PG Images of Tucson</a><br><br>
<b>Great PPG Links</b><br>
<a href="http://www.poweredparaglider.com/" target="_blank">PoweredParaglider.com</a> - Great PPG resource<br>
<a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pilotsppgclub/" target="_blank">Pilot's PPG Club</a> - Forum for PPG enthusiasts<br>
<a href="http://www.aerosports.org/" target="_blank">Aero Sports Connection (ASC)</a><br>
<a href="http://www.usppa.org/" target="_blank">US Powered Paragliding Association</a><br>
<a href="http://www.paraglideamerica.com/" target="_blank">Paraglide America</a> - Group PPGing across USA<br>
<a href="http://www.flyaboveall.com/videos/clips.htm" target="_blank">Fly Above All Video Clips</a> - Lots of video<br>
<a href="http://www.mojosgear.com/" target="_blank">Mojos Gear</a> - Good Place for PPG gear<br>
<a href="http://www.bigairparagliding.com/" target="_blank">Big Air Paragliding</a> - Lots of PPG, PG, and HG info<br>
<a href="http://www.paramotorist.com/" target="_blank">Paramotorist Magazine</a> - Useful PPG resource site<br>
<a href="http://www.aerocorsair.com/id29.htm" target="_blank">Alex Varv's PPG Inventions</a><br>
<a href="http://www.zoomnet.net/~richmond/ppg.html" target="_blank">Newbies Guide to PPG</a> - basic source of info<br>
<a href="http://home.utah-inter.net/eschenng/index.htm" target="_blank">Ed's World Connection</a> - PPG & PG info & links<br>
<br>
<b>Other Cool Links</b><br>
<a href="http://www.clusterballoon.org/" target="_blank">Cluster Balooning</a> - People who ARE crazier than us!<br>
<a href="http://www.intothewind.com/index.html" target="_blank">Into The Wind</a> - Unique windsocks and other gear<br>
<a href="http://www.pilotportal.com/" target="_blank">Pilot Portal</a> - "The pilot's Superstore"<br>
<a href="http://www.eaa.org/ultralights/regulations.html" target="_blank">Summary of FAR 103</a> - describes Ultralight regulations<br>
<a href="http://www.rcshowcase.com/rcs215.htm" target="_blank">A nice 4 stroke, 5 cylinder radial engine</a> - only 11 lbs.
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</table>
<!-- End Cool PPG Links -->
<br><br><br>
<!-- Start 20 Rules of Flight -->
<table border="0" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="0" bgcolor="#4F5D72">
<tr><td bgcolor="#4F5D72" nowrap height="15" align="center"><p style="margin-left: 3"><font style="color: #FFFFFF; font-style: none; font-weight: bold; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 70%; letter-spacing: .038em;">20 Rules of Flight (Modified for PPG)</font></p></td></tr>
<tr><td><table border="0" cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" bgcolor="#EEEEEE" width="360">
<tr><td><font style="color: #000000; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana,Arial,Helvetica; font-size: 75%; letter-spacing: .038em;">
<ol>
<li>Every takeoff is optional. Every landing is mandatory.
<br><br>
<li>If you let the throttle out, the houses get bigger. If you push the throttle in, they get smaller. That is, unless you push the throttle in and pull on the brakes real hard, then they get bigger again.
<br><br>
<li>Flying isn't dangerous. Crashing is what's dangerous.
<br><br>
<li>It's always better to be down here wishing you were up there than up there wishing you were down here.
<br><br>
<li>The ONLY time you have too much fuel is when you're on fire.
<br><br>
<li>A 'good' landing is one from which you can walk away. A 'great' landing is one after which they can use the PPG again.
<br><br>
<li>Learn from the mistakes of others. You won't live long enough to make all of them yourself.
<br><br>
<li>The probability of survival is inversely proportional to the angle of arrival. Large angle of arrival, small probability of survival and vice versa.
<br><br>
<li>Stay out of clouds. The silver lining everyone keeps talking about might be another airplane going in the opposite direction. Reliable sources also report that mountains have been known to hide out in clouds.
<br><br>
<li>Always try to keep the number of landings you make equal to the number of take offs you've made.
<br><br>
<li>There are three simple rules for making a smooth landing. Unfortunately no one knows what they are.
<br><br>
<li>You start with a bag full of luck and an empty bag of experience. The trick is to fill the bag of experience before you empty the bag of luck.
<br><br>
<li>If all you can see is ground that's going round and round and all you can hear is commotion coming from your wing flapping around you, things are not at all as they should be.
<br><br>
<li>In the ongoing battle between objects travelling through the air and the ground not travelling at all, the ground has yet to lose.
<br><br>
<li>Good judgment comes from experience. Unfortunately, experience usually comes from bad judgment.
<br><br>
<li>It's always a good idea to keep the pilot end going forward as much as possible.
<br><br>
<li>Keep looking around. There's always something you've missed. (Isn't that why they came up with checklists?)
<br><br>
<li>Remember, gravity is not just a good idea. It's the law. And it's not subject to repeal.
<br><br>
<li>The three most useless things to a pilot are the altitude above you, runway behind you and a tenth of a second ago.
<br><br>
<li>There are old pilots and there are bold pilots. There are, however, few old, bold pilots.
</ol>
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<!-- End 20 Rules of Flight -->
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</table>
<!-- Adventures -->
<b><a name="adventures"></a><a href="#adventures" class="sidenav"><img src="blank.gif" width="40" height="1" border="0">Adventures<img src="blank.gif" width="40" height="1" border="0"></a></b><br>
<a href="020831SanCarlos/">August 30, 2002 to September 2, 2002 - San Carlos, Mexico<br>
<img src="020831SanCarlos/thmb/thmb_DSC01454.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020201OcotilloWells/">February 1-5, 2002 - Ocotillo Wells PPG Convention<br>
<img src="020201OcotilloWells/thmb/thmb_DSC01018.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020124WkTrain/">January 24-29, 2002 - Lake Pleasant, Casa Grande<br>
<img src="020124WkTrain/thmb/thmb_DSC00876.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020118Bimax/">January 18, 2002 - Tod's BiMax<br>
<img src="020118Bimax/thmb/thmb_DSC00789.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020113CasaGrandeQueenCreek/">January 13, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney), Queen Creek<br>
<img src="020113CasaGrandeQueenCreek/thmb/thmb_DSC00767.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020112CasaGrande/">January 12, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="020112CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00756.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020111CasaGrande/">January 11, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="020111CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00733.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="020105Luckett/">January 5, 2002 - Luckett<br><br>
<a href="020102CasaGrande/">January 2, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br><br>
<a href="020101Palomino/">January 1, 2002 - Palomino<br><br>
<a href="011230Palomino/">December 30, 2001 - Palomino - Bad Day<br><br>
<a href="011229QueenCreek/">December 29, 2001 - Queen Creek<br>
<img src="011229QueenCreek/thmb/thmb_DSC00708.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011228CasaGrande/">December 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011228CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00698.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011220CasaGrande/">December 20, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br><br>
<a href="011219CasaGrande/">December 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011219CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00690.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="011214Socorro/">December 14-16, 2001 - Socorro Balloon Rally, NM<br>
<img src="011214Socorro/thmb/thmb_DSC00632.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="011202CasaGrande/">December 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011202CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00605.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="011129CasaGrande/">November 29, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="blank.gif" width="50" height="38" border="0"><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="011117CasaGrande/">November 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011117CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00560.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011102CasaGrande/">November 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</a><br><br>
<a href="011023LakePleasant/">October 23, 2001 - Lake Pleasant<br>
<img src="011023LakePleasant/thmb/thmb_DSC00499.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011018CasaGrande/">October 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011018CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00496.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011015QueenCreek/">October 15, 2001 - Queen Creek<br>
<img src="011015QueenCreek/thmb/thmb_DSC00487.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="011011CasaGrande/">October 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="blank.gif" width="50" height="38" border="0"><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="011005CasaGrande/">October 5, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="011005CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00467.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="010929ElephantButte/">September 29-30, 2001 - Elephant Butte, NM Fly-At<br>
<img src="010929ElephantButte/thmb/thmb_DSC00442.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="movie.gif" width="27" height="32" border="0" align="absmiddle" hspace="5"></a><br><br>
<a href="010926CasaGrande/">September 26, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010926CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00437.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010918CasaGrande/">September 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010918CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00421.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010911CasaGrande/">September 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010911CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00417.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010905LakePleasant/">September 5, 2001 - Lake Pleasant<br>
<img src="010905LakePleasant/thmb/thmb_DSC00409.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010830CasaGrande/">August 30, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC<br>
<img src="010830CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00377.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010828CasaGrande/">August 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010828CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00361.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010823CasaGrande/">August 23, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC<br>
<img src="010823CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00346.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010821CasaGrande/">August 21, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC<br>
<img src="010821CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00334.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010818LakePleasant/">August 18, 2001 - Lake Pleasant<br>
<img src="010818LakePleasant/thmb/thmb_DSC00328.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010816CasaGrande/">August 16, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) FlyIn<br>
<img src="010816CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00323.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010813CasaGrande/">August 13, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) with the Folks<br>
<img src="010813CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00353.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010802CasaGrande/">August 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010802CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00299.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010731CasaGrande/">July 31, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010731CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00289.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010724CasaGrande/">July 24, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010724CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00272.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010719CasaGrande/">July 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010719CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00270.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010717CasaGrande/">July 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</a><br><br>
<a href="010712CasaGrande/">July 12, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)</a><br><br>
<a href="010702PostRanch/">July 2, 2001 - Post Ranch</a><br><br>
<a href="010630LakePleasant/">June 30, 2001 - Lake Pleasant Fly In<br>
<img src="010630LakePleasant/thmb/thmb_DSC00250.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010609BensonAirport/">June 9, 2001 - Benson Airport</a><br><br>
<a href="010602CasaGrande/">June 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)<br>
<img src="010602CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00241.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010526QueenCreek/">May 26, 2001 - Queen Creek Fly-In<br>
<img src="010526QueenCreek/billspics/thmb/thmb_Dcp_0412.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010519QueenCreek/">May 19, 2001 - Queen Creek<br>
<img src="010519QueenCreek/thmb/thmb_DSC00222.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010515Marana/">May 15, 2001 - Marana<br>
<img src="010515Marana/thmb_dsc_128.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/">May 12, 2001 - Casa Grande Fly-In & Scooter<br>
<img src="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/billspics/thmb/thmb_Dcp_0385.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38><img src="010512CasaGrande-Scooter/thmb/thmb_scooter.jpg" border=0 width=38 height=50 hspace="4"></a><br><br>
<a href="010505CasaGrande/">May 5, 2001 - Casa Grande<br>
<img src="010505CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00205.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010428CasaGrande/">Apr 28, 2001 - Casa Grande<br>
<img src="010428CasaGrande/thmb/thmb_DSC00203.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="010224Marana/">Feb 24, 2001 - Marana<br>
<img src="010224Marana/thmb/thmb_DSC00121.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=38></a><br><br>
<a href="990610ForestPark/">June 10, 1999 - Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri<br>
<img src="990610ForestPark/maurice_2_thn.jpg" border=0 width=50 height=50></a>
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Make a selection...
Mo's Cool PPG Pics and Stories Home
Airparamo
20 Rules of Flight (Modified for PPG)
PPG Mods, Fixes and Inventions
PPG Equipment List
Why I PPG
August 30, 2002 to September 2, 2002 - San Carlos, Mexico
February 1-5, 2002 - Ocotillo Wells PPG Convention
January 24-29, 2002 - Lake Pleasant, Casa Grande
January 18, 2002 - Tod's BiMax
January 13, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney), Queen Creek
January 12, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
January 11, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
January 5, 2002 - Luckett
January 2, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
January 1, 2002 - Palomino
December 30, 2001 - Palomino - Bad Day
December 29, 2001 - Queen Creek
December 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
December 20, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
December 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
December 14-16, 2001 - Socorro Balloon Rally, NM
December 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
November 29, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
November 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
November 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
October 23, 2001 - Lake Pleasant
October 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
October 15, 2001 - Queen Creek
October 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
October 5, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
September 29-30, 2001 - Elephant Butte, NM Fly-At
September 26, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
September 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
September 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
September 5, 2001 - Lake Pleasant
August 30, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC
August 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
August 23, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC
August 21, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC
August 18, 2001 - Lake Pleasant
August 16, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) FlyIn
August 13, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
August 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 31, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 24, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 12, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
July 2, 2001 - Post Ranch
June 30, 2001 - Lake Pleasant Fly In
June 9, 2001 - Benson Airport
June 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
May 26, 2001 - Queen Creek Fly-In
May 19, 2001 - Queen Creek
May 15, 2001 - Marana
May 12, 2001 - Casa Grande Fly-In & Scooter
May 5, 2001 - Casa Grande
Apr 28, 2001 - Casa Grande
Feb 24, 2001 - Marana
June 10, 1999 - Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri
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| Welcome to Mo's Cool PPG Pic's and Stories |
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*“When once you have tasted flight, you will forever walk the earth with your eyes turned skyward, for there you have been, and there you will always long to return.”
Leonardo da Vinci* | |
Here you will find a collection of Powered Paragliding (PPG) pictures and stories compliled by [Maurice "Mo" Sheldon](010512CasaGrande-Scooter/scooter.jpg), a PPG dealer and instructor of [Airparamo](/) in Arizona.
Use the links at the top of the page or below to navigate the different sections. If you have any suggestions for additions, ommissions, or changes, please send me an email to [[email protected]](mailto:[email protected]).
There have been 2543 page views since .
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| Site Last Updated |
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*Oct 17, 2002* - Added new adventure.
*May 10, 2002* - Removed some links
*Mar 20, 2002* - Lots of bug fixes, redid link names
*Feb 9, 2002* - Added two new adventures.
*Jan 24, 2002* - Lot's of fixes and additions: Added "20 Rules of Flight" page; added info to the "Mods, Fixes & Inventions" page and "Equipment List" page.
*Jan 21, 2002* - Added new adventure; added "Cool" link below.
*Jan 17, 2002* - Fixed small details; added more info to "Equipment" page.
*Jan 14, 2002* - Added ten new adventures.
*Dec 20, 2001* - Added a new adventure with video.
*Dec 19, 2001* - Added several new adventures and video.
*Oct 24, 2001* - Added a new adventure.
*Oct 22, 2001* - Added four new adventures.
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[**20 Rules of Flight (Modified for PPG)**](rules/)
An incredibly insightful [list of PPG do's and don'ts](rules/).
[**PPG Mods, Fixes & Inventions**](mods/)Some useful [PPG modifications, fixes and inventions.](mods/)
[**PPG Equipment List**](equipment/)Some of [Mo's equipment recommendations](equipment/) and a list of [what to take with you when you PPG](equipment/).
[**Why I PPG**](car/)Some of the [main reasons why I PPG](car/).
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| Cool PPG Links |
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**Local Stuff**
[Airparamo](/) - My PPG instrctor and dealer website
[AZPPG](http://www.azppg.com/) - Arizona Powered Paragliding
[AZPPG Bulletin Board](http://www.azppg.com/cgi-bin/webbbs/index.cgi) - Our local BBS
[Alas de Arizona](http://personal.riverusers.com/~bigair/) - Southern Arizona PG
[Alas de Arizona Bulletin Board](http://www.proboards.com/boards/index.cgi?&user=mandy&b=1)
[Southern Arizona Hang Glider Association](http://www.gci-net.com/users/j/jlowery/)
[Steve and Georgia Daum PG Images of Tucson](http://www.daums.com/steve/pgtucsonjan2001.htm)
**Great PPG Links**
[PoweredParaglider.com](http://www.poweredparaglider.com/) - Great PPG resource
[Pilot's PPG Club](http://groups.yahoo.com/group/pilotsppgclub/) - Forum for PPG enthusiasts
[Aero Sports Connection (ASC)](http://www.aerosports.org/)
[US Powered Paragliding Association](http://www.usppa.org/)
[Paraglide America](http://www.paraglideamerica.com/) - Group PPGing across USA
[Fly Above All Video Clips](http://www.flyaboveall.com/videos/clips.htm) - Lots of video
[Mojos Gear](http://www.mojosgear.com/) - Good Place for PPG gear
[Big Air Paragliding](http://www.bigairparagliding.com/) - Lots of PPG, PG, and HG info
[Paramotorist Magazine](http://www.paramotorist.com/) - Useful PPG resource site
[Alex Varv's PPG Inventions](http://www.aerocorsair.com/id29.htm)
[Newbies Guide to PPG](http://www.zoomnet.net/~richmond/ppg.html) - basic source of info
[Ed's World Connection](http://home.utah-inter.net/eschenng/index.htm) - PPG & PG info & links
**Other Cool Links**
[Cluster Balooning](http://www.clusterballoon.org/) - People who ARE crazier than us!
[Into The Wind](http://www.intothewind.com/index.html) - Unique windsocks and other gear
[Pilot Portal](http://www.pilotportal.com/) - "The pilot's Superstore"
[Summary of FAR 103](http://www.eaa.org/ultralights/regulations.html) - describes Ultralight regulations
[A nice 4 stroke, 5 cylinder radial engine](http://www.rcshowcase.com/rcs215.htm) - only 11 lbs.
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| 20 Rules of Flight (Modified for PPG) |
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1. Every takeoff is optional. Every landing is mandatory.
- If you let the throttle out, the houses get bigger. If you push the throttle in, they get smaller. That is, unless you push the throttle in and pull on the brakes real hard, then they get bigger again.
- Flying isn't dangerous. Crashing is what's dangerous.
- It's always better to be down here wishing you were up there than up there wishing you were down here.
- The ONLY time you have too much fuel is when you're on fire.
- A 'good' landing is one from which you can walk away. A 'great' landing is one after which they can use the PPG again.
- Learn from the mistakes of others. You won't live long enough to make all of them yourself.
- The probability of survival is inversely proportional to the angle of arrival. Large angle of arrival, small probability of survival and vice versa.
- Stay out of clouds. The silver lining everyone keeps talking about might be another airplane going in the opposite direction. Reliable sources also report that mountains have been known to hide out in clouds.
- Always try to keep the number of landings you make equal to the number of take offs you've made.
- There are three simple rules for making a smooth landing. Unfortunately no one knows what they are.
- You start with a bag full of luck and an empty bag of experience. The trick is to fill the bag of experience before you empty the bag of luck.
- If all you can see is ground that's going round and round and all you can hear is commotion coming from your wing flapping around you, things are not at all as they should be.
- In the ongoing battle between objects travelling through the air and the ground not travelling at all, the ground has yet to lose.
- Good judgment comes from experience. Unfortunately, experience usually comes from bad judgment.
- It's always a good idea to keep the pilot end going forward as much as possible.
- Keep looking around. There's always something you've missed. (Isn't that why they came up with checklists?)
- Remember, gravity is not just a good idea. It's the law. And it's not subject to repeal.
- The three most useless things to a pilot are the altitude above you, runway behind you and a tenth of a second ago.
- There are old pilots and there are bold pilots. There are, however, few old, bold pilots.
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**[Adventures](#adventures)**
[August 30, 2002 to September 2, 2002 - San Carlos, Mexico](020831SanCarlos/)
[February 1-5, 2002 - Ocotillo Wells PPG Convention](020201OcotilloWells/)
[January 24-29, 2002 - Lake Pleasant, Casa Grande](020124WkTrain/)
[January 18, 2002 - Tod's BiMax](020118Bimax/)
[January 13, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney), Queen Creek](020113CasaGrandeQueenCreek/)
[January 12, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](020112CasaGrande/)
[January 11, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](020111CasaGrande/)
[January 5, 2002 - Luckett
[January 2, 2002 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
[January 1, 2002 - Palomino
[December 30, 2001 - Palomino - Bad Day
[December 29, 2001 - Queen Creek](011229QueenCreek/)
[December 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011228CasaGrande/)
[December 20, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)
[December 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011219CasaGrande/)
[December 14-16, 2001 - Socorro Balloon Rally, NM](011214Socorro/)
[December 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011202CasaGrande/)
[November 29, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011129CasaGrande/)
[November 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011117CasaGrande/)
[November 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011102CasaGrande/)
[October 23, 2001 - Lake Pleasant](011023LakePleasant/)
[October 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011018CasaGrande/)
[October 15, 2001 - Queen Creek](011015QueenCreek/)
[October 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011011CasaGrande/)
[October 5, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](011005CasaGrande/)
[September 29-30, 2001 - Elephant Butte, NM Fly-At](010929ElephantButte/)
[September 26, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010926CasaGrande/)
[September 18, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010918CasaGrande/)
[September 11, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010911CasaGrande/)
[September 5, 2001 - Lake Pleasant](010905LakePleasant/)
[August 30, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC](010830CasaGrande/)
[August 28, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010828CasaGrande/)
[August 23, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC](010823CasaGrande/)
[August 21, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) XC](010821CasaGrande/)
[August 18, 2001 - Lake Pleasant](010818LakePleasant/)
[August 16, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) FlyIn](010816CasaGrande/)
[August 13, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney) with the Folks](010813CasaGrande/)
[August 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010802CasaGrande/)
[July 31, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010731CasaGrande/)
[July 24, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010724CasaGrande/)
[July 19, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010719CasaGrande/)
[July 17, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010717CasaGrande/)
[July 12, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010712CasaGrande/)
[July 2, 2001 - Post Ranch](010702PostRanch/)
[June 30, 2001 - Lake Pleasant Fly In](010630LakePleasant/)
[June 9, 2001 - Benson Airport](010609BensonAirport/)
[June 2, 2001 - Casa Grande (McCartney)](010602CasaGrande/)
[May 26, 2001 - Queen Creek Fly-In](010526QueenCreek/)
[May 19, 2001 - Queen Creek](010519QueenCreek/)
[May 15, 2001 - Marana](010515Marana/)
[May 12, 2001 - Casa Grande Fly-In & Scooter](010512CasaGrande-Scooter/)
[May 5, 2001 - Casa Grande](010505CasaGrande/)
[Apr 28, 2001 - Casa Grande](010428CasaGrande/)
[Feb 24, 2001 - Marana](010224Marana/)
[June 10, 1999 - Forest Park, St. Louis, Missouri](990610ForestPark/)
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<!-- <tr><td align=left nowrap>Water Drones</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="mirror/MirrorWaterDrones.html" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr> -->
<tr><td align=left nowrap>Getting the Goods</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="mirror/MirrorGettingTheGoods.html" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=left nowrap>Sanity</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="mirror/MirrorSanity.html" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=left nowrap>Martial Arts</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="mirror/MirrorMartialArts.html" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
</table>
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</table>
<!-- Lower Left Quarter Ends -->
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<table border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=3 width="100%"><tr><td><b><font color=black>Matrix One Way</font></b></td></tr></table>
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<tr><td align=left nowrap>Blackjack's Bitter Node</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20010801221726/http://www.shadowrun.html.com/users/blackjack/index.html" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=left nowrap>World Geography Node</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="http://www.divnull.com/lward/sixthworld/" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
<tr><td align=left nowrap>Shadowrun Catalyst</td><td align=right nowrap><a href="http://www.shadowruntabletop.com/products/" target="_top"><img border=0 src="ok.gif" alt="OK" height=20 width=40></a></td></tr>
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<td width="100%"><center><font color="#33CC00"><font size=-2>EOF (Sep:2003)</font></font></center></td>
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|
land-of-kain: Shadowrun Nexus
| | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| |
| --- |
| ----- |
| [shadowrun](http://www.land-of-kain.de/shadowrun/) | [land-of-kain](http://www.land-of-kain.de) | [data nexus](http://www.land-of-kain.de/shadowrun/) |
| ----- |
|
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Cyberware | [OK](certified/KainCyber.html) |
| Bioware | [OK](certified/KainBio.html) |
| Magical Ways | [OK](certified/KainMageType.html) |
| Totems | [OK](certified/KainShaman.html) |
| Spirits | [OK](certified/KainSpirits.html) |
| Meat Market | [OK](meatmarket/index.html) |
| Shadowrun X | [OK](srx/) |
| | |
| ----- |
| | |
| |
| --- |
| **Certified Documents** |
| | |
| ----- |
|
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Cyberware List | [OK](tables/TableCyber.html) |
| Bioware List | [OK](tables/TableBio.html) |
| Chemical List | [OK](tables/TableChem.html) |
| Weapon Table | [OK](tables/TableWeapons.html) |
| Rigger List | [OK](tables/TableRigger.html) |
| Spell Creation Table | [OK](tables/TableSpellCreation.html) |
| Slang Glossary | [OK](tables/TableSlang.html) |
| Character Creation | [OK](tables/TableCharCreation.html) |
| | |
| ----- |
| | |
| |
| --- |
| **Rules & Regulations** |
| | || ----- |
|
| |
|
| |
| --- |
| ----- |
| | |
| |
| --- |
| **Mirror Stuff** |
| | || ----- |
| | |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Brumby Philosophy | [OK](mirror/MirrorBrumby.html) |
| Getting the Goods | [OK](mirror/MirrorGettingTheGoods.html) |
| Sanity | [OK](mirror/MirrorSanity.html) |
| Martial Arts | [OK](mirror/MirrorMartialArts.html) |
| | |
|
| |
| --- |
| ----- |
| | |
| |
| --- |
| **Matrix One Way** |
| | || ----- |
| | |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Blackjack's Bitter Node | [OK](http://web.archive.org/web/20010801221726/http://www.shadowrun.html.com/users/blackjack/index.html) |
| World Geography Node | [OK](http://www.divnull.com/lward/sixthworld/) |
| Shadowrun Catalyst | [OK](http://www.shadowruntabletop.com/products/) |
| | |
|
|
| |
| --- |
| ----- |
| SR WebRing | EOF (Sep:2003) | Move |
| ----- |
|
| http://land-of-kain.de/shadowrun/ |
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|
406 Not Acceptable
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An appropriate representation of the requested resource / could not be found on this server.
Additionally, a 404 Not Found
error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.
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Evert Odin<br>
på Twitter</a></font></p>
<p><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><a href="https://kurtevert.blogspot.com/" target="_blank">Kurt
Everts blogg:<br>
kurtevert.blogspot.com </a></font></p>
<p><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><a href="nettkart.htm">NETTKART</a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="troendersk/utdrag_ordlesta.htm#Troenderquiz"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/quiz-1.png" width="115" height="49" alt="Trøndersk Quis" onMouseOver="MM_displayStatusMsg('Trøndersk Quis');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOut="MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" border="0"></a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/graffiti/graffiti.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk/MIKKEMus.png" width="115" height="192" border="0" alt="Stilig graffiti og gatekunst!"></a><br>
<a href="bilder/graffiti/graffiti.htm">Stilig graffiti <br>
og gatekunst!</a><b><br>
</b></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font color="#996600">PARSELLHAGER:</font></b><br>
<a href="bilder/parsellhager/index.html">Geitmyra skole- <br>
og parsellhage</a><br>
</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk/turist.gif" width="100" height="138" border="0"><br>
OSLOBILDER</a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/foerjulstemning_rodes_plass.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/rodes_plass_smaagris1.png" width="115" height="189" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">«Julekort fra Rodes
plass<br>
på Rodeløkka i Oslo».<br>
Gris laget ved hjelp av<br>
kunstig intelligens</font> </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/sigarnisser.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Sigarnisse2023-2.png" width="115" height="132" border="0"></a><br>
«Sigarnisse» laget med kunstig intelligens<br>
</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/jesusfigur_kunstig_intelligens.htm#0212223Jesusfigur"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Jesus_paa_reinsdyr.png" width="115" height="103" border="0"></a><br>
Dypetset Jesus<br>
laget med KI</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/vinterlandskap_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/pegasus_kunstig_intelligens1.png" width="115" height="139" border="0"></a><br>
Pegasus laget med<br>
kunstig intelligens</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_schloss_rametz_vinmuseet.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/vingaardbeskytter_Saltner.png" width="115" height="258" border="0"></a><br>
«Meraner Saltner»<br>
«Vingårdbeskytter»<br>
— Weingartenhüter<br>
Merano, Italia</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena_sankt_ulrich_ortisei.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Saint_Anthonys-Chapel_dyptetsning2.png" width="115" height="176" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj fra <br>
Saint Athony's Chapel <br>
i Sankt Ulrich (Ortisei)<br>
i Nord-Italia</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/terento.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/jesusfigur_sentrum_terento-liten.png" width="115" height="130" border="0"></a><br>
Jesus på korset i <br>
Terento, Nord-Italia </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#12052023gamlemunchmuseet"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/benhur_figur2023.jpg" width="115" height="59" border="0"></a><br>
«Ben Hur»-skulptur<br>
av billedhoggeren <br>
Bjørn Sørvang Hansen</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/nybyen_praha.htm#UBalouna"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_detalj_Restaurant_U_Balouna_Praha-soldat4.png" width="115" height="192" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj fra <br>
U Balouna, Praha</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena_sankt_ulrich_ortisei.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Saint_Anthonys-Chapel_dyptetsning.png" width="115" height="135" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj fra <br>
Saint Athony's Chapel <br>
i Sankt Ulrich (Ortisei)</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tyskland/merseburg.htm#03052023SchlossgartenMerseburg"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Friedrich_Wilhelm_der_dritte_Merseburg.png" width="115" height="166" border="0"></a><br>
Kong Friedrich Wilhelm<br>
der dritte, Schlossgarten Merseburg, Tyskland</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/kypros/protaras.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Erden_Salih_To_Nissiotiko.png" width="115" height="114" border="0"></a><br>
Erden Salih på <br>
To Nissiotiko Tavern<br>
i PROTARAS </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#SverreJohnsen12052023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_1205223_Sverre_Johnsen-ansikt2.png" width="115" height="226" border="0"></a><br>
Kunstneren<br>
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:<br>
Stilig figur! </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_bjerke.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Veitvet_T-banestasjon1.png" width="115" height="241" border="0"></a><br>
Graffiti fra<br>
Veitvet T-banestasjon</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sommerfugl_2023-3.png" width="115" height="151" border="0"></a><br>
Sommerfugl </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/Tordenskiold_Trondheim2.png" width="115" height="261" border="0"></a><br>
Tordenskioldstatuen <br>
Midtbyen i Trondheim </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/turistmueset_merano_detalj.png" width="115" height="221" border="0"></a><br>
Trauttmansdorff, <br>
Detalj Turistmuseet,<br>
Merano, Italia </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienberghjemmet.htm#08032022_Kari_Rolfsen"><img src="bilder_grafikk8/dameskulptur_Kari_Rolfsen.png" width="115" height="331" border="0"></a><br>
Engelsborg Eldresenter:<br>
Minneutstilling for<br>
Kari Rolfsen</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/aker_brygge.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk8/Pellegruppa_Aker-brygge-2.png" width="115" height="149" border="0"></a><br>
Pellergruppen på <br>
Aker brygge</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/arve_tellefsen_liten.png" width="115" height="216" border="0"></a><br>
Per Ung (2009):<br>
Fiolinisten<br>
Arve Tellefsen<br>
<a href="https://www.trondheim.no/kunst/kunst-i-uterom/kunst-arve-tellefsen/" target="_blank">Frimurerlosjen
</a><br>
Kongens gate</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum2021.htm#7juniplassen"><img src="bilder_grafikk7/Kong_Haakon_7_juniplassen_25092021.png" width="115" height="354" border="0"></a><br>
Kong Håkon VII<br>
7. juni-plassen</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/danmark/tivoli_copenhagen.htm#Tivoli_Koebenhavn_30082022"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/tivoligutt_Koebenhavn_1880.png" width="115" height="212" border="0"></a><br>
Restaurant Påfuglen:<br>
Utsnitt av glassmaleri:<br>
«Tivoligutt» 1880</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/kypros/larnaca_bybilder.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/streeat_art_kunstner_Larnaka.png" width="115" height="417" border="0"></a><br>
Rise Street Art<br>
Hotel Larnaka</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/bergen/musikkpaviljongen_bergen.htm#EdvardGrieg"><img src="bilder_grafikk7/Edvard_Grieg_statue_Bergen_Ingebrigt_Vik_uten_sokkel_liten.png" width="115" height="257" border="0"></a><br>
Ingebrigt Vik:<br>
Edvard Grieg</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim_hummer_kanari.htm#Krigsseilerplassen08082022"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/krigsseilermonumentet_Trondhjems_sjoefartsmuseum2.png" width="115" height="225" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj av Krigsseiler-monument i Trondheim</font></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="13">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/blomsterbord_liten2.gif" width="115" height="22"></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<tr>
<td>
<div align="center">
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/tegninger/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk/oppskrytt2015.jpg" width="100" height="88" border="0"></a><br>
<a href="bilder/tegninger/index.html" target="mainFrame">Fotosketch</a></font></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center">
<div align="center">
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/blomsterbord_liten2.gif" width="115" height="22"></font></p>
</div>
</div>
<div align="center">
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/fake_news/faktisk_sant_fake_news.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk3/FakeNews-liten2019.png" width="115" height="41" border="0"></a><br>
Fakta« eller «Fake»</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/dypetsinger/dypetsinger2017_tidligere.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk/Kurt-EvertAkerBrygge125.png" width="125" height="222" border="0"></a><br>
<a href="bilder/manipulerte/dypetsinger/dypetsinger2017_tidligere.htm">Dypetsinger
</a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/vestre_gravlund.htm#nederlandskrigskirkegaard"><img src="bilder_grafikk7/dypetset_skulptur_det_nederlandske_krigsminnesmerket_Vestre_gravlund.png" width="115" height="152" border="0"></a><br>
Skulptur ved<br>
Det nederlandske<br>
krigsminnesmerket<br>
på Vestre gravlund<br>
i bydel Vestre Aker</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/turistmueset_merano_detalj.png" width="115" height="221" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj Turistmuseet,<br>
Merano, Italia </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/dypetsinger/dypetsinger.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk4/Kurt-Evert12092019_01.png" width="115" height="343" border="0"></a><br>
Dypetninger </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/grunerloekkabydel2020.htm#22032020"><img src="bilder_grafikk5/Fotografkurt_Fjellgata22032020_01_11.png" width="115" height="338" border="0"></a><br>
Hobbyfotograf </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#SverreJohnsen12052023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Kunstutstillingen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_12052023_Sverre_H_Johnsen-(9).png" width="115" height="386" border="0"></a><br>
Gamle Munch,<br>
Kunstneren SHJ<br>
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:<br>
Stilig dame! </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Johan_Sverdrup2023-liten.png" width="115" height="246" border="0"></a><br>
Johan Sverdrup<br>
Eidsvolls plass</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim_stiftsgaarden.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/kong_olav_prydhagen_Stiftsgaarden_06102023-2.png" width="115" height="281" border="0"></a><br>
«Kong Olav»<br>
Prydhagen i<br>
Stiftsgården </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/fake_news/faktisk_sant_fake_news.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk4/fake_news-liten2019.png" width="115" height="72" border="0"></a></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><br>
«Fakta« eller «Fake»<br>
</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="https://twitter.com/KurtOdin" target="_blank"><img src="bilder_grafikk4/Twitter_liten.png" width="97" height="97" border="0" alt="Bilder på Twitter."></a></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="https://twitter.com/KurtOdin" target="_blank"><br>
</a><font color="#000000">Kurt Evert Odin</font></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS" color="#000000"><br>
på Twitter</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/fake_news/faktisk_sant_fake_news.htm">«Faktisk
sant» og<br>
«Fake News»</a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><br>
<img src="bilder_grafikk/usynlig1.jpg" width="170" height="1"></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">
</font></p>
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<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="21122023CarlBernersPlass"></a>22.
des. 2023 — Rodeløkka nissekor med førjulskonsert
på Carl Berners plass</font></h1>
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<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">22.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert
på Carl Berners plass i Oslo.</font></i></p>
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<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">22.
des. 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert...
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="21122023snoevaerFuruset"></a>21.
desember 2023 — Snøvær på Furuset i Oslo</font></h1>
<p><a href="index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/1_Furuset_Trygve_Lies_plass_2112223.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
desember 2023: Skulpturen av FNs første generalsekretær
Trygve Lie utenfor Furuset senter.</font></i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_alna.htm#21122023snoevaerFuruset"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/3_Furustien_barnehage_21122023.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
desember 2023: </font></i></font><i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">
Snøvær ved Furustien barnehage... Trykk på bildet
for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3">21. desember 2023 — Førjulsstemning
på Rodes plass i Oslo</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Rodes%20plass_20122023%20(9).jpg" width="620" height="620"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert
på «Rodes plass» i Oslo.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/foerjulstemning_rodes_plass.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Rodes%20plass_20122023%20(10).jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3">16. desember 2023 — Julenissebilder
fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med KI</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Bryggen_Bergen%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="620" alt="Førjulsbilde fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med kunstig intelligens."><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
desember 2023: Nisser, griser og reinsdyr på Bryggen i Bergen?
</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/foerjulsbilder_bryggen_bergen.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/humornisser_Bryggen_Bergen%20(1).jpg" width="620" height="620" alt="Førjulsbilde fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med kunstig intelligens." border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
des. 2023: Nisser, griser og reinsdyr på Bryggen i Bergen?
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3">14. desember 2023 — Sigarrøykende
nisser laget med kunstig intelligens</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/OsloSentrum.jpg" width="620" height="620"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">14.
desember 2023: Sigarrøykende nisse på besøk
i Oslo? — laget med kunstig intelligens.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/sigarnisser.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Sigarroeyker7.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">14.
desember 2023: Sigarrøykende nisse. Trykk på bildet
for å se og lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="1122023Stortinget"></a>11.
desember 2023 — Utenfor Stortinget i Oslo?</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Stortinget_Oslo_10122023-2.jpg" width="620" height="620"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
des. 2023: Veldig underlig fasade på Stortinget når
det lages med kunstig intelligens!</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/stortinget_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Stortinget_Oslo_10122023-1.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
des. 2023: Veldig underlig fasade på Stortinget når
det lages med kunstig intelligens!</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/stortinget_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">Les
mer her på kurtevert.info om kunstig intelligens...</font></a></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3">7. desember 2023 — Vinterlandskap
laget med kunstig intelligens</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Vinterlandskap_Oesterrike.jpg" width="620" height="620"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">7.
desember 2023: Underlig hare og underlig ting laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens. </font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/vinterlandskap_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Vinterlandskap_Oesterrike2.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">7.
desember 2023: Utopia? Laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens. Trykk
på bildet for mer.</font></i> </p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3">4. desember 2023 — Juletretenning
og folkefest på Trafalgar Square i London!</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Trafalgar_Square_London-04122023-11.jpg" width="620" height="620"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">4.
desember 2023: Feststemning under juletrenninga på Trafalgar
Square i London.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/trafalgar_square_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Trafalgar_Square_London-04122023-14.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">4.
desember 2023: Feststemning på Trafalgar Square i London.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="04122023strektegningerjual2023"></a>4.
desember 2023 — Førjulsbilder laget med kunstig intelligens</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk14/vinterlandskap7_fotosketch.jpg" width="620" height="620">
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>4.
desember 2023: «Strektegning», først generert
ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens (KI(AI).</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="julesider/index.html#04122023strektegningerjual2023"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/vinterlandskap8_fotosketch.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>4.
desember 2023: «Strektegning», først generert
ved hjelp av KI. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font>
</p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="0212223Jesusfigur"></a>2.
desember 2023 — Jesus-figur laget med kunstig intelligens</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Jesus_figur_paa_reinsdyr%20(3).jpg" width="605" height="605" alt="Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr."><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">2.
des. 2023: Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr,
laget med kunstig intelligens.</font></i> </p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Jesus_figur_paa_reinsdyr%20(4).jpg" width="605" height="605" alt="Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr."><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">2.
des. 2023: Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr,
laget med kunstig intelligens.</font></i> </p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/jesusfigur_kunstig_intelligens.htm#0212223Jesusfigur">Flere
bilder og tekst her på kurtevert.info</a></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="01122023kunstigintelligens"></a>1.
desember 2023 — Nisser laget med kunstig intelligens</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Fallskjernisse01122023-2.jpg" width="620" height="620" alt="«Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens. "><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
desember 2023: «Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="julesider/index.html#01122023kunstigintelligens"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Fallskjernisse01122023-4.jpg" width="620" height="620" alt="«Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens. " border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
des. 2023: «Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av KI (AI).
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="21112023Petrus"></a>21.
november 2023 — Juleøl på Petrus Bar og Restaurant</font></h1>
<table width="99%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td width="55%">
<div align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_Aass_juleoel_21112023-1.jpg" width="293" height="507"></div>
</td>
<td width="45%">
<div align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_Aass_juleoel_21112023-2.jpg" width="305" height="507"></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="55%">
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Aaas
juleøl på Petrus Bar og Restaurant.</i></font></p>
</td>
<td width="45%">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Rodeløkka
nissekor i aksjon på Petrus</i></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#21112023Petrus">Se
mer fra Petrus Bar og Restaurant</a></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="17111023Dovrestua"></a>17.
november 2023 — Dovrestua i Storgata i Oslo</font></b></font></b></font></h1>
<table width="97%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td width="53%">
<div align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Ringnes_juleoel_Dovrestua_17112023.jpg" width="305" height="452"><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><br>
Ringnes Juleøl på Dovrestua i Oslo.</i></font></div>
</td>
<td width="47%">
<div align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Ringnes_juleoel_Dovrestua_17112023_fotomontasje.jpg" width="305" height="452"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Da
er Rignes juleøl testa!</i></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum.htm#17111023Dovrestua">Les
mer her på kurtevert.info</a></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="11112023_Jazz_Petrus"></a>11.
november 2023 — Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant med
Bjørn og Frode!</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_11112023-2b-strektegning.jpg" width="620" height="279" alt="Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant i Helgesens gate 50 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo."><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
november 2023: Bjørn Sørvang Hansen og Frode Meland
i aksjon på Petrus.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_11112023-2-strektegning.jpg" width="620" height="338" alt="Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant i Helgesens gate 50 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo."><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
november 2023: Bjørn Sørvang Hansen og Frode Meland
i aksjon på Petrus.<br>
<br>
</i><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#11112023_Jazz_Petrus"><font face="Trebuchet MS">Flere
bilder fra Jazz på Petrus</font></a></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="30102023Rodes_plass"></a>30.
oktober 2023 — Vinterens første snø på
Rodes plass</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Rodes_plass_30102023-2-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="370"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
oktober 2023: Vinter og snø på Rodes plass i Bydel
Grünerløkka i Oslo.</i></font><br>
<a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/rodes_plass.htm#30102023Rodes_plass"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Rodes_plass_30102023-4.jpg" width="620" height="603" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
oktober 2023: Vinter og snø og høstfarger på
Rodes plass. Trykk på bildet får å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="25102023_HalloweenPetrus"></a>25.
oktober 2023 — Halloween på Petrus Mat og Vinhus?</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_25102023-6.jpg" width="620" height="549"><br>
<i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">25.
oktober 2023: Skrekk og gru på Petrus Mat og Vinhus i Helgesens
gate 50 i Oslo???</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#25102023_HalloweenPetrus"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Petrus_25102023-2.jpg" width="620" height="620" border="0"></a>
<br>
<i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">25.
oktober 2023: Nei bare hyggelige gjester! Trykk på bildet
for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="11102023BotaniskHage"></a>11.
oktober 2023 — Fint i Botanisk hage!</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/8_Oldemors_hage_Botanisk_hage_11102023-3.jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
oktober 2023: Oldemors hage i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo. Bak ser vi Zoologisk museum.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/botanisk_hage.htm#11102023BotaniskHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/8_Oldemors_hage_Botanisk_hage_11102023-5.jpg" width="620" height="348" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
oktober 2023: Oldemors hage i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo. Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="06102023Stiftsgaarden"></a>6.
oktober 2023 — Prydhagen ved Stiftsgården i Trondheim</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Prydhagen_Stiftsgaarden_Trondheim_06102023-3.jpg" width="620" height="296"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">6.
oktober 2023: Prydhagen like utenfor Stiftsgården i Munkegata
i Trondheim.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim_stiftsgaarden.htm#06102023Stiftsgaarden"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Prydhagen_Stiftsgaarden_Trondheim_06102023-12.jpg" width="620" height="214" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">6.
oktober 2023: Prydhagen like utenfor Stiftsgården i Trondheim.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="01102023AAmot_bru"></a>1.
oktober 2023 — Åmot bru ved Akerselva på Grünerløkka</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/1_Aamot_bru_01102023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
oktober 2023: Like ovenfor Akerselva og Åmot bru ved Øvre
foss på Grünerløkka i Oslo. </i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/akerselva.htm#01102023AAmot_bru"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/1_Aamot_bru_01102023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
okt. 2023: Stor vassføring i Akerselva like nedenfor Åmot
bru. Trykk på bildet for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="24092023Sofienberghjemmet"></a>24.
september 2023 — Det blomstrer fortsatt utenfor Sofienberghjemmet!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Sofienberghjemmet_26092023-1.jpg" width="620" height="465" alt="Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! i Helgesens gate 62 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo."><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">24.
september 2023: Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor
Sofienberghjemmet!</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienberghjemmet.htm#24092023Sofienberghjemmet"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Sofienberghjemmet_26092023-2b.jpg" width="620" height="494" alt="Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! i Helgesens gate 62 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo." border="0"></a>
<br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">
Flott rose i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="24092023BotaniskHage"></a>24.
september 2023 — Snart flotte høstfarger i Botanisk
hage i Oslo </font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Botanisk_hage_24092023-21b_Fjellhagen.jpg" width="620" height="789" alt="Flott i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på Tøyen i Oslo!"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">24.
september 2023: Flott i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo!</font></i></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Botanisk_hage_24092023-42_Fjellhagen.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">24.
september 2023: Fint ved dammen i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på
Tøyen i Oslo!</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/botanisk_hage.htm#24092023BotaniskHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Botanisk_hage_24092023-83.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">24.
sept. 2023: Ved dammen like nedenfor Victoriahuset i Botanisk hage.
Trykk på bildet...</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="1609223HonnoerplassenSolvang1"></a>16.
september 2023 — Toalett- og dusjanlegget og Redskapshuset
<br>
ved Honnørplassen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Honnoerplassen_Solvang1_17092023-3.jpg" width="620" height="233">
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
september 2023: </font> Toalett- og dusjanlegget og Redskapshuset
ved Honnørplassen på avd. 1.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/honnoerplassen_solvang_kolonihager_avdeling1.htm#1609223HonnoerplassenSolvang1"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Honnoerplassen_Solvang1_17092023-4.jpg" width="620" height="279" alt="Blomsterbedet på Honnørplassen like ved Nedre port på Solvang 1.." border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
september 2023: Blomsterbedet på Honnørplassen på
Solvang 1. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="13092023JohnCollettPlass"></a>13.
september 2023 — John Colletts plass på Ullevål
Hageby i Oslo</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/John_Colletts_plass_13092023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>13.
september 2023: Rognebær på hjørnet av Sognsveien
og Ullevålsaalléen på John Collets plass.</i></font>
</p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/ullevaal_hageby.htm#13092023JohnCollettPlass"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/John_Colletts_plass_13092023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="348" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>13.
sept. 2023: Bokbyttekiosk ved Abels hage på John Collets plass.
Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="07092023BlinderneVinderenSanitetsforening"></a>7.
september 2023 — På informasjonsmøte om arv og
framtidskontrakt <br>
i </font><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS">lokalene til Blindern
og Vinderen sanitetsforening på Slemdal i Oslo</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/norske_kvinners_sanitetsforening_tennisveien_slemdal_07092023-3.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
september 2023: Utenfor Blindern og Vinderen sanitetsforening i
Tennisveien 2 G i Oslo.</i></font></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_vestre_aker.htm#07092023BlinderneVinderenSanitetsforening"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/norske_kvinners_sanitetsforening_tennisveien_slemdal_07092023-4.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
sept. 2023: Fint i hagen til Blindern og Vinderen sanitetsforening.
Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="0203092023Solvangdagene2023"></a>2.
og 3. september 2023 — Solvangdagene 2023</font></h1>
<p><a href="https://photos.app.goo.gl/FRJb2sq7wnnQSq7w9" target="_blank"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/solvangdagene2023_logo.jpg" width="605" height="231" border="0"></a></p>
<p><a href="https://photos.app.goo.gl/FRJb2sq7wnnQSq7w9" target="_blank"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">Mange
bilder på min konto på Google Foto</font></a></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="31082023_OlafRyesPlass"></a>31.
august 2023 — Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Olaf_Ryes_plass_31082023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">31.
august 2023: Olaf Ryes plass langs «Miljøgata»
Thv. Meyers gate på Grünerløkka i Oslo. </font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/olaf_ryes_plass.htm#31082023_OlafRyesPlass"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Olaf_Ryes_plass_31082023%20(7).jpg" width="620" height="608" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">31.
august 2023: Valgboder på Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka
i Oslo. </font></i><i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">Trykk
på bildet for mer...</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="august2023_sensommerbilderSolvang"></a>21.
- 30. august 2023 — Sensommerbilder fra Solvang 1</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Fiolveien_Solvang1_21082023-6.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
august 2023: Eplene modnes i Filoveien i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling
1 på Sogn i Oslo.</i></font> </p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Roseveien_Solvang1_22082023-1b.jpg" width="620" height="426"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>22.
august 2023: På hjørnet av Liljebakken og Roseveien
i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html#august2023_sensommerbilderSolvang"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Syrinalleen_30082023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
august 2023: Syrinalléen i Solvang kolonihager, avd. 1. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="avduking_relieff_stein_ove_berg"></a>26.
aug. 2023 — Avdukingen av billedhoggeren Bjørn Sørvang
Hansens<br>
relieff til minne om «Kløftas store sønn»,
visesangeren Stein Ove Berg</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/avduking_Minnesmerket_Stein_Ove_Berg_26082023-1.jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Snart
blir det avduking av Bjørn Sørvang Hansens relieff
til minne om Stein Ove Berg.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/avduking_Minnesmerket_Stein_Ove_Berg_26082023-4.jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.2.
3, nå skal duken av! Døtrene til Stein Ove Berg avduker
minnesmerket over sin far.<br>
<br>
</i><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/kloefta_ullensaker.htm#avduking_relieff_stein_ove_berg"><font face="Trebuchet MS">Les
mer fra avdukningsseremonien på Kløfta</font></a></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="21082023OdinsHage"></a>21.
august 2023 — Ikke slik vi vil høste pærer! </b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Odins_Hage_Solvang1_Paeretre_21082023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
august 2023: Ei forholsvis kraftig grein har ramla ned fra plommetreet
i Odins hage.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#21082023OdinsHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Odins_Hage_Solvang1_Paeretre_21082023%20(7).jpg" width="620" height="348" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
august 2023: Snart blir det rraking og plukking av pærer...
Trykk på bildet for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="august2023DalenSolvang1"></a>21.
august 2023 — Sensommerbilder fra Dalen i Solvang kolonihager,
avd.1</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Dalen_Solvang1_21082023-6-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="271"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
august 2023: Utsikt frafriområdet Dalen oppover mot Huset
i Solvang kolonihager, avd. 1.</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/dalen_solvang1.htm#august2023DalenSolvang1"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Dalen_Solvang1_21082023-9-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="304" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
august 2023: Dukkestuene og lekeapparater i Dalen på Solvang
1. Trykk på bildet for mer...</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="16082023Majorstukrysset"></a>16.
august 2023 — Majorstuhuset og Majorstukrysset i Oslo</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Majorstukrysset_16082023%20(2)-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="291"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>16.
august 2023: Majorstukrysset med Majorstuhuset i Kirkeveien 64 på
Majorstua i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/majorstua.htm#16082023Majorstukrysset"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Majorstukrysset_16082023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>16.
august 2023: Deler av Majorstukrysset er stengt for tiden. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="16082023Furuset"></a>16.
august 2023 — Utenfor Furuset senter i Bydel Alna</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Trygve__Lies_plass_Furuset_Senter_16082023-3.jpg" width="620" height="305" alt="Valgbod utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve Lies plass på Furuset i Oslo. "><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">16.
august 2023: Valgbod utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve Lies
plass på Furuset i Oslo. </font></i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Trygve__Lies_plass_Furuset_Senter_16082023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">16.
august 2023: Flott blomsterbed utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve
Lies plass på Furuset i Oslo. </font></i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_alna.htm#16082023Furuset"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Furuset%20moske_%20Soeren_Bulls_plass_Furuset_16082023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279" alt="Furuset Moské eller Baitun Nasr moské på Sørens Bulls plass på Furuset i Oslo er Nordens største moské og ble offisielt åpnet den 30. september 2011." border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>16.
august 2023: Furuset Moské eller Baitun Nasr moské
på Sørens Bulls plass på Furuset i Oslo <br>
er Nordens største moské og ble offisielt åpnet
den 30. september 2011. Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="03082023oljemalerier_Solvang1"></a>3.
august 2023: Oljemalerier fra Huset og Dalen på Solvang 1</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Dalen_Solvang1_03082023-2-fotosketch.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>3.
aug. 2023: Oljemaleri fra Dalen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling
1 i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/tegninger/oslo_sketch/nordre_aker/fotosketch_dalen_solvang.htm#03082023oljemalerier_Solvang1"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Huset_Solvang1_03082023-1-fotosketch.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>3.
august 2023: Oljemaleri av Huset på Solvang 1.. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="23072023Solpynten"></a>23.
juli 2023 — Søndagscafé på Solpynten på
Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Solpynten_Solvang1_23072023.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juli 2023: Søndagsgjeste på Solpynten i Solvang kolonihager,
avdeling 1.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/solpynten_solvang1.htm#23072023Solpynten"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Solpynten_Solvang1_23072023-2.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juli 2023: Søndagsgjeste på Solpynten i Solvang, avd.
1. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="27072023FotosketchOdins_hage"></a>27.
juli 2023 — Oljemalerier fra Odins hage sommeren 2023</font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/FotoSketch_Odins_hage_03072023.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
juli 2023: Oljemaleri fra ene blomsterbedet i Odins hage i Solvang
kolonihager, avd. 1.</font></i><br>
</p>
<p><a href="bilder/tegninger/oslo_sketch/nordre_aker/fotosketch_odins_hage_solvang1.htm#27072023FotosketchOdins_hage"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/FotoSketch_Odins_hage_17072023-6.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a>
<br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
juli 2023: Oljemaleri fra Odins hage på Solvang 1. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><b><a name="19072023Solvang1"></a>19.
juli 2023 — Manipulerte bilder fra Solvang kolonihager, avd.
1</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Jasminveien_parsell40_Solvang1_19072023-2-fotomontasje.jpg" width="620" height="348"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">19.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra parsell 40 i Jasminveien i Solvang kolonihager,
avd. 1.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/manipulerte/oslo/solvang/manipulerte_bilder_solvang.htm#19072023Solvang1"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Liljebakken_Solvang1_19072023-1-fotomontasje.jpg" width="620" height="348" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">19.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra en parsell i Liljebakken i avd. 1. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><b><a name="1718072023_Photoshoplek"></a>17.
og 18. juli 2023 — Photoshop-lek fra Odins hage på Solvang
1</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Odins_hage_Solvang1_17072023-3-fotomontasje.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">17.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra ute i parsellen i Odins hage i Solvang
kolonihager, avdeling 1.</font></i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/manipulerte/oslo/solvang/manipulerte_bilder_solvang.htm#1718072023_Photoshoplek"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Odins_hage_Solvang1_18072023_2_blomsterbedet8-fotomontasje.jpg" width="620" height="827" border="0"></a><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">17.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra ene blomsterbedet i Odins hage. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="06072023OdinsHage"></a>6.
juli 2023 — </font><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS">Regnet
gjør godt for plantene i Odins hage på Solvang 1</font></b></font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_06072023-2.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>6.
juli 2023: Rosene blomstrer fortsatt i blomsterbedet i Odins hage
på Solvang 1.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#06072023OdinsHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_06072023-1.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>6.
juli 2023: Fra en blomsterurne like utenfor hytta i Odins hage.
Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="29062029Roser_OdinsHage"></a>29.
og 30. juni 2023 — Rosene trives i blomsterbedet foran hytta
i Odins hage!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_29062023%20(1).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>29.
juni 2023: Rosene trives i blomsterbedet foran hytta i Odins hage
på Solvang, avd. 1!</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#29062029Roser_OdinsHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_29062023%20(8).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
juni 2023: Rosene trives i blomsterbedet i Odins hage! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="28062023Vestfossen"></a>28.
juni 2023 — Vestfossen park og Vestfossen stasjon i Øvre
Eiker </b></font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Vestfossen_park_28062023-0c-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="307"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
juni 2023: Vestfossen park ved Jernbanegata og ubetjente Vestfossen
jernbanestasjon.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/oevre_eiker.htm#28062023Vestfossen"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Blomsterperrongen_Vestfossen_28062023-1.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
juni: Blomsterperrongen i ubetjente Vestfossen jernbanestasjon.
Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="27062023OdinsHage"></a>27.
juni 2023 — Plena i Odins hage på Solvang 1 har hatt
godt av regn!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_27062023-9_plena1.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
juni 2023: Plena har vært veldig tør, men med mye regn
i det siste har plena kommet seg!</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#27062023OdinsHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_27062023-9_plena2.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
juni 2023: Fint med masse prestegrager på plena i Odins hage!
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="26062023regnvaer"></a>26.
juni 2023 — Regnværet i Oslo gjør godt for blomstene!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_26062023%20(1).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
juni 2023: Regnværet gjorde veldig godt for rosene våre
i Odins hage på Solvang 1.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#26062023regnvaer"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_26062023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
juni 2023: Regnværet gjorde veldig godt for rosene våre.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="Midtsommer2023"></a>23.
juni 2023 — Midtsommer i Odins hage i Solvang kolonihager,
avdeling 1</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_23062023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juni 2023: Trielig på plattingen foran hytta i Odins hage
på Sogn i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo!</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#Midtsommer2023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_hage_Solvang1_23062023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juni 2023: Trielig på plattingen foran hytta i Odins hage.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="Midtsommer2023"></a>23.
juni 2023 — Midtsommer i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1!</font></b></font></h1>
<p><font face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Jasminveien_Solvang1_23062023-4.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
</font><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juni 2023. Flott oase her i Jasminveien i Solvang kolonihager 1
på Sogn i Oslo!</i></font></p>
<p><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html#Midtsommer2023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Jasminveien_Solvang1_23062023-5.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
</font><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>23.
juni 2023. Flott her i på parsell 40 i Jasminveien. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="07062023Sofienberghjemmet"></a>7.
juni 2023 — Sofienberghjemmet i Bydel Grünerløkka</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sofienberghjemmet_07062023-1.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
juni 2023: Sofienberghjemmet i Helgesens gate 62, sett fra Ratkes
gate ved Sofienberg kirke.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienberghjemmet.htm#07062023Sofienberghjemmet"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sofienberghjemmet_07062023-2-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="816" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
juni 2023: Sofienberghjemmet i Helgesens gate 62. Trykk på
bildet for å se flere bilder.</i></font><br>
</p>
<p><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="07062023Sofienbergparken"></a>7.
juni 2023 — Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sofienberg_kirke_07062023-3.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
juni 2023: Nye lekeapparat i Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka
i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienbergparken.htm#07062023Sofienbergparken"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sofienbergparken-12_panorama.jpg" width="620" height="607" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
juni 2023: Panorama fra Sofienbergparken</i></font><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">.
Trykk på bildet for å se flere bilder.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="07052023Honnoerplassen"></a>3.
og 7. juni 2023 — Fint på Honnørplassen på
Solvang 1!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Honnoerplassen_Solvang1_07062023.jpg" width="620" height="570"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>7.
juni 2023: Honnør til alle som vil definere sin egen identitet.
Regnbueflagget symboliserer<br>
fellesskap og friheten til selv å definere sin identitet,
kjærlighet og seksualitet.. Bra!</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/honnoerplassen_solvang_kolonihager_avdeling1.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Honnoerplassen_Solvang1_07062023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Lørdag
3 . juni 2023: Det blomstrer veldig fint! Trykk på bildet
for flere bilder fra Honnørplassen.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="31052023DalenSolvang1"></a>31.
mai 2023 — Fint i Dalen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Dalen_Solvang1_31052023-6-panorama2.jpg" width="620" height="203"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">31.
mai 2023: Fint i Dalen for tiden! Tre bilder satt sammen.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/dalen_solvang1.htm#31052023DalenSolvang1"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Dalen_Solvang1_31052023-6-panorama3.jpg" width="620" height="224" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">31.
mai 2023: Fint i Dalen for tiden! Tre bilder satt sammen. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="30052023Honnoerplassen"></a>30.
mai 2023 — Fint på Honnørplassen på Solvang
1!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Honnoerplassen_30052023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
mai 2023: Honnørplassen på Solvang 1 sett fra hjørnet
Peonveien og Roseveien på avd. 1.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/honnoerplassen_solvang_kolonihager_avdeling1.htm#30052023Honnoerplassen"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Honnoerplassen_30052023%20(6).jpg" width="620" height="277" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
mai 2023: Honnørplassen på Solvang 1 sett fra nedre
port. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="27052023Larsen"></a>27.
mai 2023 — Bursdagsfeiring på Larsen Restaurant </font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Restaurant_Larsen_27052023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
mai 2023: Fint interiør inne på Larsen i Sørkedalsveien
1B på Majorstua i Oslo.</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/larsen_restaurant.htm#27052023Larsen"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Restaurant_Larsen_27052023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">27.
mai 2023: Fint interiør inne på Larsen. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer her på kurtevert.info.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="19052023_OdinsHage"></a>19.
og 20. mai 2023 — Det blomstrer fint i Odins hage på
Solvang 1</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_Hage_Solvang1_19052023-1.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>19.
mai 2023: Pæretreet vår i Odins hage i Solvang kolonihager,
avd. 1 blomstrer fint for tiden! </i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/kolonihager/odins_hage.htm#19052023_OdinsHage"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Odins_Hage_Solvang1_19052023-7-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="370" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>19.
mai 2023: Nyklippet plen i Odins hage på Solvang 1. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="17052022"></a>17. mai
2023— Gratulerer med 17. mai!</font></b></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/gratulerer_med_17-mai-2023-3.jpg" width="620" height="410"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Gratulerer
med dagen! Fotomontasje fra Magnolialunden i Botanisk hage på
Tøyen i Oslo.</i></font> </p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/17_mai.htm#17052022"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/gratulerer_med_17-mai-2023-2.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Fotomontasje
fra Botanisk hage på Tøyen i Oslo. Trykk på bildet
for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="14052023CarlBernersPlass"></a>14.
mai 2023 — Kveldsstemning på Carl Berners plass</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Carl_Berners_plass_14052023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">14.
mai 2023: Utsikt utenfor Bella Notte på Carl Bernes plass
i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/carl_berner.htm#14052023CarlBernersPlass"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Carl_Berners_plass_14052023-6.jpg" width="620" height="276" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">14.
mai 2023: Utsikt utenfor Bella Notte på Carl Bernes plass.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="12052023_Rodes_plass"></a>12.
mai 2023 — Våren er kommet til Rodes plass på Rodeløkka!</b></font></h1>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/rodes_plass.htm#12052023_Rodes_plass"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Rodes_plass_1205223-2_Sofienberghjemmet.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">12.
mai 2023: Fint pynteepletre blomstrer på Rodes plass! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="12052023gamlemunchmuseet"></a>12.
mai 2023 — Utstillingen «Inkarnasjon» på
det gamle Munchmuseet</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/1_utstillingen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansens utstilling inne på det
gamle Munchmuseet på Tøyen. </i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#12052023gamlemunchmuseet"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/3_utstillingen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch%20(dypetsning).jpg" width="620" height="412" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansens «Ben Hur»-skulptur.
Dypetset. Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="SverreJohnsen12052023"></a>12.
mai 2023 — Sverre Høvren Johnsens kunstverk på
gruppeutstillingen <br>
«Inkarnasjon» på Gamle Munch, lokalene til det
gamle Munchmuseet </font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sverre_Hoevren_Johnsen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_12052023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Sverre
Høvren Johnsens tra akter på kunstutstillingen «Inkarnasjon»
på Gamle Munch.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#SverreJohnsen12052023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sverre_Hoevren_Johnsen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_12052023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Sverre
H. Johnsens tra akter på kunstutstillingen «Inkarnasjon».
Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="10052023_fargelegge_sorthvittbilder"></a>10.
mai 2023 — Bruke maskinlæring for å fargelegge
svart/hvitt-bilder!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Jesusfigur_Hotel_Bachmuehler_Fulda_28042023.jpg" width="620" height="411"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>10.
mai 2023: Bilde av et svart/hvitt-maleri fra Fulda i Tyskland tatt
28. april 2023. </i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/hummer_kanari.htm#10052023_fargelegge_sorthvittbilder"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Jesusfigur_Hotel_Bachmuehler_Fulda_28042023-fargelagt.jpg" width="620" height="412" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>10.
mai 2023: </i></font> <font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Behandlet
ved hjelp av maskinlæring... Trykk på bildet for å
se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3"><a name="03052023SchlossgartenMerseburg"></a>3.
mai 2023 — Schloßgarten med Schloßgartensalon og
Schloß Merseburg</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Schloss_Merseburg-2.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>3.
mai 2023: Schloßgarten med Schloßgartensalon og Schloß
Merseburg i Tyskland.</i></font> </p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Schlossgarten_Merseburg_Tyskland_3_Friedrich_Wilhelm_der_dritte.jpg" width="620" height="606"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>3.
mai 2023: Schloßgarten med en skulptur av keiser Friedrich
Wilhelm der dritte.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tyskland/merseburg.htm#03052023SchlossgartenMerseburg"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Schlossgarten_Merseburg_Tyskland-12.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>3.
mai 2023: </i></font> <font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Schloßgartensalon
i Schloßgarten Merseburg. Trykk på bildet for å
se mer... </i></font></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="01052023Merano"></a>1.
mai 2023 — Merano (Meran) i Syd-Tirol i Italia</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/2_Passer_Merano2.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">1.
mai 2023: Fint ved elva Passer i Merano eller eller Meran som byen
heter på tysk.</font></i></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/3_Passeggiata_Lungo_Passirio_Merano2.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">1.
mai 223: Flott blomsterbed i gågata Passeggiata Lungo Passirio
i Merano i Nord-Italia.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano.htm#01052023Merano"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/10_Passeggiata_Lungo_Passirio_Merano.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">1.
mai 223: Ovenfor gågata Passeggiata Lungo Passirio i Merano.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="01052023SchlossRametz"></a>1.
mai 2023 — På besøk på vinslottet og vinmuseet
Castel Rametz<br>
(Schloss Rametz) i Merano i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia</font></b></h1>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_schloss_rametz.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Castel_Rametz-4b.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai 2023: Utenfor butikken til Schloss Rametz i Merano i Syd-Tirol
i Nord-Italia.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_schloss_rametz.htm#01052023SchlossRametz"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Castel_Rametz-26b.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai 2023: Schloss Rametz </i></font> <font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>sett
fra vinmarkene nedenfor slottet. Trykk på bildet for å
se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="3"><a name="01052023WeinmuseumSchlossRametz"></a>1.
mai 2023 — På besøk <font color="#990033">inne
i vinmuseet</font> på Schloss Rametz<br>
(Castel Rametz) i Merano i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Vinmuseet_Rametz-18b.jpg" width="620" height="571"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai 2023: Vinguden Bachus passer på at vinen lages på
riktig måte i Schloss Rametz.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Vinmuseet_Rametz-14_vingaardbeskytter_Saltner.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai 2023: En «vingårdbeskytter», «En Saltner»
i vinmuseet i Schloss Rametz.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_schloss_rametz_vinmuseet.htm#01052023WeinmuseumSchlossRametz"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Vinmuseet_Rametz-10.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai 2023: Masse verktøy inne i Weinmuseum Schloss Rametz.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="01052023Trauttmannsdorff"></a>På
tur i blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff i Merano</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/1_Trauttmansdorff_01052023-1.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai: Deler av reisefølget fra Kjetil's Bussreiser utenfor
blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/1_Trauttmansdorff_01052023-3.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>1.
mai: Like utenfor blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff. Trykk på
bildet for å se mye mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="29042023_Alta_Badia_Val_Gardena"></a>29.
april 2023 — På tur til landsbyen Alta Badia i Val Gardena</font>
</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Hotel_Christiania_Val_Gardena4.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>29.
april 2029: Fra landsbyen Alta Badia i Val Gardena i Dolomittene
i Syd-Tirol i Italia.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena.htm#29042023_Alta_Badia_Val_Gardena"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Alta_Badia_Utia%20Lukas.jpg" width="620" height="418" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>29.
april 2029: Del av hotellet Ütia Lukas i Alta Badia i Val Gardena.
Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font> </p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="2904223PassoGardena"></a>29.
april 2023 — På tur opp til Passo Gardena (Jéuf
de Frea)</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/5_Passo_Gardena_1_Groedner-Joch_Hospiz.jpg" width="620" height="441" border="0"><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2"><i><br>
29. april: Nedlagte Grödner Joch Hospice i Passo Gardena i
Dolomittene i Syd-Tirol.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena.htm#2904223PassoGardena"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/6_Passo_Gardena6_Cappella_di_San%20Maurizio.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">29.
april 2023: Cappella di San Maurizio i Passo Gardena. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.</font></i></font><br>
</p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="29042023_Alta_Badia_Val_Gardena"></a>29.
april 2023 — Lunsj i Sankt Ulrich i Val Gardena </font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/2_Panificio_Backerei_Hofer_Ortisei_2904223.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">29.
april 2023: Utenfor Panificio Bäckerei i Sankt Ulrich i Val
Gardena i Syd-Tirol i Italia. </font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena_sankt_ulrich_ortisei.htm#29042023_Sankt_Ulrich"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/8_Caffe_Corso_des_Senoner_Moritz_KG_Ortisei-2.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">29.
april 2023: Torget med Cafe Corsa i Sankt Ulrich i Val Gardena.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3"><a name="2023_sentrum_terento"></a>April
- mai 2023 — Sentrum av den lille byen Terento i Syd-Tirol
i Italia</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Terento_sentrum_02052023-2_Saint_George-kirka.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>2.
mai 2023: Utsikt ned til kirka Saint George (Terenten-Pfarrkirche)
i Terento sentrum.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Terento_sentrum_02052023-11-kirkegaarden_Saint_George-panorama.jpg" width="620" height="344"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>2.
mai 2023: Kirkegården til Saint George (Terenten-Pfarrkirche)
i Terento sentrum.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/terento.htm#2023_sentrum_terento"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Terento_sentrum_02052023-8_Sunn_Dorf_Cafe.jpg" width="620" height="405" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>2.
mai 2023: Banken og Sunn Dorf Café i Terento sentrum.</i></font>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3"><a name="prilmai2023FalkensteinerSonnenparadies"></a>28.
april - 3. mai 2023 — Falkensteiner Hotel & Spa Sonnenparadies<br>
i Terento i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Falkensteiner_hotels_Terento_30042023_4_parkeringsplassen.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>30.
april 2023: Falkensteiner Hotel & Spa Sonnenparadies i Terento
i Syd-Tirol.</i></font><br>
</p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/terento_falkensteiner_hotel_sonnenparadies.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Falkensteiner_hotels_Terento_02052023-2_resepsjonen.jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
</b> <font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Fin
og stilren resepsjon inne på Falkensteiner Sonnenparadies.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="21042023_ullevaal_hageby"></a>21.
april 2023 — Det våres i Abels hage på John Colletts
plass!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/John_Colletts_plass_21042023_1.jpg" width="620" height="397" alt="Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo."><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
april 2023: Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts
plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/ullevaal_hageby.htm#21042023_ullevaal_hageby"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/John_Colletts_plass_21042023_8.jpg" width="620" height="465" alt="Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo." border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
april 2023: Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts
plass. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="18042023_hardt_vaer"></a>18.
april 2023 — Skulpturen «Hardt vær» av Solveyg
W. Schafferer</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/solveyg_W_Shafferer_hardt_vaer_Youngsdtorget18042023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>18.
april: Skulpturen «Hardt vær». Bak ser vi uteserveringen
til restaurant Politiker'n.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/youngstorget.htm#18042023_hardt_vaer"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/solveyg_W_Shafferer_hardt_vaer_Youngsdtorget18042023-3.jpg" width="620" height="303" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>18.
april: Skulpturen «Hardt vær» av Solveyg W. Schafferer.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="18042023NedreLoekkaCoctailbar"></a>18.
april 2023 — Utepils på Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge i Th. Meyers Gate</b></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/nedre_loekka_coctailbar_%20thv_meyersgate89-%202.jpg" width="620" height="310"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>18.
april utendørsserveringa til Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge i Thv. Meyers gate 89.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/grunerloekkabydel.htm#18042023NedreLoekkaCoctailbar"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/nedre_loekka_coctailbar_%20thv_meyersgate89-%204.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>18.
april utendørsserveringa til Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="16042023Sofienberghjemmer"></a>16.
april 2023 — Det spirer og gror utenfor Sofienberghjemmet</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Sofienberghjemmet_16042023-5.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
april 2023: Det spirer og gror i blomsterbedene utenfor Sofienberghjemmet
i Oslo!</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienberghjemmet.htm#16042023Sofienberghjemmer"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Sofienberghjemmet_16042023-6.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">16.
april 2023: Det spirer og gror utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="16042023Urtehagen_mosaikk_barnehage"></a>16.
april 2023 — Urtehagen Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34 på
Grønland </font></b></h1>
<p><b><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Mosaikk_barnehage_16042023-2.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
</b><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>16.
april 2023: Urtehagen — Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34 på
Grønland i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_gamle_oslo.htm#16042023Urtehagen_mosaikk_barnehage"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Mosaikk_barnehage_16042023-3.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>16.
april 2023: Urtehagen — Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="08042023Majorstuhuset"></a>8.
april 2023 — Majorstuhuset på Majorstua i Oslo</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Majorstuhuset_paaskeaften_08042023-1.jpg" width="620" height="279" alt="Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua i Bydel Frogner i Oslo"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">08.04.2023:
Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua
i Oslo.</font></i> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/majorstua.htm#08042023Majorstuhuset"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Majorstuhuset_paaskeaften_08042023-3.jpg" width="620" height="279" alt="08.04.2023: Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua i Oslo. " border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">08.04.2023:
Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt på Majorstua i Oslo. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS">6. april 2023 — God
påske!</font></b></font></h1>
<p><a href="paaskesider/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/paasken2023.jpg" width="605" height="403" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>6.
april 2023: Det er ikke alle det skjærer seg for på
skjærtorsdagen! Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="05042023_tyvstartpaasken"></a>5.
april 2023 — Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grünerhaven
på Olaf Ryes plass!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Gruenerhaven_Olaf_Ryes_plass_05042023-2.jpg" width="620" height="274">
<br>
<font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><font size="2"><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">5.
april: Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grünerhaven på
Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka i Oslo!</font></i></font></font>
</p>
<p><a href="paaskesider/index.html#05042023_tyvstartpaasken"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Gruenersgata_Parkteatret_05042023.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><font size="2"><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">5.
april: Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grüners gate. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></font></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="28032023_baattur_paa_Moldau"></a>28.
mars 2023 — På båttur på Moldau (Vltava)</b></font></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Moldau_Karlsbroen%20(7)Old_Town_Bridge_Tower_Bedrich_Smetana_Museum.jpg" width="620" height="257"><br>
<font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><font size="2">28.
mars 2023: Utsikt til Karlsbroen, Old Town Bridge Tower (Kruttårnet)
i Gamlebyen i Praha,</font></i></font></p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/moldau.htm#28032023_baattur_paa_Moldau"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/9_musiker_baattur_Moldau_2803223.jpg" width="620" height="436" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Trivelig musikk på båttur på Moldau
helt sentralt i Praha.Trykk på bildet...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="Wenceslas_Square"></a>28.
mars 2023 — Václavské námesti (Wenceslas
Square), Nybyen i Praha</b></font></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Vaclavske_Namesti_Nybyen_Praha_28032023-1.jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Václavské námesti (Wenceslas Square)
i Nybyen (Nové Mesto) i Praha.</i></font></p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/nybyen_praha.htm#Wenceslas_Square"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Vaclavske_Namesti_Nybyen_Praha_28032023-2.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Václavské námesti med Nasjonalmuseet
i Praha. Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="UBalouna"></a>28.
mars 2023 — U Balouna på Vaclavske Namesti i Nybyen i
Praha</font></b></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_Restaurant_U_Balouna_Praha-soldat1.jpg" width="620" height="792" border="0"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Utenfor Restaurant U Balouna på Václavské
Námesti</i></font><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="2">
i Nybyen i Praha.</font></font></i></p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/nybyen_praha.htm#UBalouna"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_Restaurant_U_Balouna_5.jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Inne på Restaurant U Balouna på Václavské
Námesti i Praha. <font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><font size="2">
Trykk på bildet...</font></font></i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="28032023_Karlsbroen"></a>28.
mars 2023 — På guida tur over Karlsbroen i Praha</b></font></h1>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/karlsbroen_karlov_most.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Karlov_most_panorama2fotosketch.jpg" width="620" height="124" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Karlsbroen sett fra nabobroen Manes Bridge (Mánesuv
most) over Moldau i Praha.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_ved_Karlsbroen_Praha_28032023_1.jpg" width="620" height="469"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023:Ved den ene inngangen til Karlsbroen (Charles Bridge)
i Praha.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/karlsbroen_karlov_most.htm#28032023_Karlsbroen"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Karlsbroen_Praha_28032023_15.jpg" width="620" height="464" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Opp på Karlsbroen (Charles Bridge)i Praha. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="28032023atronomisk_klokke"></a>28.
mars 2023 — Området rundt Den astronomiske klokken i
Praha</font></b></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/den_astromiske_klokke_Gamlebyen_Praha_28032023_4%20(9).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Det gamle rådhustårnet med den astronomiske
klokken i Gamlebyen i Praha. </i></font></p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/gamlebyen_praha.htm#28032023atronomisk_klokke"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/den_astromiske_klokke_Gamlebyen_Praha_28032023_4%20(7).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Det gamle rådhustårnet med den astronomiske
klokken. Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="28032023_Moldau"></a>28.
mars 2023 — Moldau ved Svatopluk Cech Bridge</b></font></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/view_from_Svatopluk_Cech_Bridge0%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra broen Svatopluk Cech Bridge i Praha.</i></font>
</p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/moldau.htm#28032023_Moldau"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/view_from_Svatopluk_Cech_Bridge0%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra broen Svatopluk Cech Bridge i Praha. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="JoedekvarteretPraha"></a>28.
mars 2023 — Det jødiske kvarteret i Praha</b></font></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Moses-skulpturen_Joedekvarteret_Gamlebyen_Praha_28032023%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="465">
<br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">28.
mars 2023: Statue af Moses av František Bílek i gata
Parížská 26 i Joseov i Praha.</font></i></p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/gamlebyen_praha.htm#JoedekvarteretPraha"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_Staronova%20Synagoga_Joedekvarteret_Gamlebyen_Praha_28032023%20(5).jpg" width="620" height="465" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">28.
mars 2023: Utenfor Staronová Synagoga i Praha. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1 align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font size="3"><a name="280320232_verdenskrig"></a>28.
mars 2023 — <b>Krigsminnesmerke over falne tsjekkere i den
2. verdenskrig</b></font></b></font></h1>
<p align="center"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/10_krigsminnesmerke_2_verdenskrig_Mala_Strana_28032023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Krigsminnesmerket for falne under 2. verdenskrig.</i></font>
</p>
<p align="center"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/lillesiden_malo_strana_praha.htm#280320232_verdenskrig"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/10_krigsminnesmerke_2_verdenskrig_Mala_Strana_28032023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="827" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>28.
mars 2023: Krigsminnesmerket for falne under 2. verdenskrig. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="13032023_VerksgataBorettslag"></a>13.
mars 2023 — Snøvær i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka i Oslo</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_Goeteborggata21-19_13032023-1.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>13.
mars: Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D til naboer i Gøteborggata 21,
Fjellgata 6 og Gøteborggata 19.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/verksgata_borettslag.htm#13032023_VerksgataBorettslag"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/4_Goeteborggata19_13032023.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>13.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D til naboer i Gøteborggata
19. Trykk på bildet for mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="12032023_PerrongenSPortspub"></a>12.
mars 2023 — Holmenkollsøndag på Perrongen Sportspub</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Perrongen_Sportspub_12032022_0.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>12.
mars 2023: Fotomontasje fra Perrongen Sportspub i Sørkedalsveien
1 på Majorstua i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/perrongen_sports_pub.htm#12032023_PerrongenSPortspub"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Perrongen_Sportspub_12032022_2.jpg" width="620" height="349" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>12.
mars 2023: Baren inne på Perrongen Sportspub. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="24022023_Verksgata_borettslag"></a>24.
februar 2023 — Utsikt fra kjøkkenbalkongen i Verksgata
borettslag</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Utsikt_Verksgata_borettslg24022023-3.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>24.02.2023:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag til naboer i Gøteborggata
19.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/verksgata_borettslag.htm#24022023_Verksgata_borettslag"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Utsikt_Verksgata_borettslg24022023-4.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>24.02.2023:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag</i></font><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="21022023Furuset"></a>21.
februar 2023 — Trygve Lies plass på Furuset i Bydel Alna
i Oslo</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Furuset_senter_21022023%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="279"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
Februar 2023: Trygve Lies plass med skulpturen av FNs generalsekretær
Trygve Lie.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_alna.htm#21022023Furuset"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Furuset_senter_21022023%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="279" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
Februar 2023: Trygve Lies plass med skulpturen av Trygve Lie. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><a name="21022023Birkelunden"></a>21.
februar 2023 — Fint i Birkelunden på Grünerløkka
i Oslo!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_Birkelunden_21022023_11.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
februar 2023: Spaniamonumentet i Birkelunden. Bak ser vi Birkelunden
trikkeholdeplass.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/birkelunden.htm#21022023Birkelunden"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/1_Birkelunden_21022023_10-panorama-gruenerloekka_skole.jpg" width="620" height="341" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">21.
februar 2023: Grunerløkka skole i Toftes gate 44. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.</font></i><br>
</p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="21022023Scorpius"></a>21.
februar 2023 — Scorpius Import AS, den hippeste<br>
hippiebutikken på Grünerløkka i Oslo</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Scorpius_Schleppegrellsgata_16%20(2).jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
februar 2023: </i></font><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Scorpius
Import AS på hjørnet av Schleppegrells gate og Toftes
gate.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/birkelunden.htm#21022023Scorpius"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Scorpius_Schleppegrellsgata_16%20(4).jpg" width="620" height="392" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>21.
februar 2023: Scorpius Import AS i Schleppegrells gate 16. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="18022023Polfarermonumentet"></a>18.
februar 2023 — Polfarermonumentet og Krigsseilermonumentet<br>
ved Frammuseet på Bygdøynes </b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_utsikt_Bygdoeynes18022023.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">18.
februar 2023: Utsikt fra Bygdøynes til Frognerkilen og andre
siden av Oslofjorden.</font></i></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/3_krigsseilermonumentet_Bygdoeynes1802223-8.jpg" width="620" height="465"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">18.
februar 2023: Joseph Grimelands Krigsseilermonument nesten helt
ytters på Bygdøynes</font><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">.</font></i></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bygdoey.htm#18022023Polfarermonumentet"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/12_polarmonumentet_Bygdoey_18022023-1.jpg" width="620" height="414" border="0"></a><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">18.
02.2023: Polfarermonumentet like ved siden av Frammuseet. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.</font></i></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="11022023Veitvet"></a>11.
februar 2023 — På besøk på Veitvedt i Bydel
Bjerke i Oslo</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Veitvet_senter_to_foler_Per_Hurum_11022023.jpg" width="620" height="359"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
feb. 2023: Billdehoggeren Per Hurums «To foler» inne
i Veitvet senter i Bydel Bjerke i Oslo. </i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_bjerke.htm#11022023Veitvet"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Kveldsutsikt_Veitvet_11022023%20(5).jpg" width="620" height="349" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>11.
feb. 2023: Kveldsutsikt fra Rådyrveien på Veitvet. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="04022023_Karlstadgata_borettslag"></a>4.
februar 2023 — Karlstadgata borettslag på Rodeløkka
i Oslo</font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Goeteborggata1_04022023-Danskebaaten_%20(3).jpg" width="620" height="657"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>4.
februar 2023: «Danskebåten» i Gøteborggata
1 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/rodeloekka.htm#04022023_Karlstadgata_borettslag"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/karlstadgata6_04022023-1.jpg" width="620" height="349" border="0"></a>
<br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>4.
2. 2023: På hjørnet av Karlstadgata 6 i Karlstadgata
borettslag. Trykk på bildet for mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3"><b><font size="3"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="31012023Sofienbergparken"></a>31.
januar 2023 — Forsøk på å fange lyset i
Sofienbergparken</font></b></font></b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Sofienbergparken_31012023_4_Agra_fabrikker.jpg" width="620" height="349"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>31.
01. 2023: Utsikt over Sofienbergparken til Agra fabrikker i Sofienberggata
19 på Sofienberg.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienbergparken.htm#31012023Sofienbergparken"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Sofienbergparken_31012023-1_Helgesens_gate_Toftes_gate_panorama.jpg" width="620" height="289" border="0"></a><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i><br>
31. 01. 2023: Utsikt over Sofienbergparken il Toftes gate. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer... </i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="29012023Petrus"></a>29.
januar 2023 — Middagstur på Petrus Bar og Restaurant</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Petrus_29012023_Grete_Greta-1-fotomontasje.jpg" width="620" height="365"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>29.
januar 2023: Fornøyde gjester på Petrus Bar og Restaurant
på Rodeløkka i Oslo.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#29012023Petrus"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Petrus_29012023_Kurt-Evert.jpg" width="620" height="709" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>29.
januar 2023: Fornøyd gjest på Petrus Bar og Restaurant</i></font><i><font face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif" size="2">.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer....</font></i></p>
<p><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><b></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></font></b></i></font></b></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="26012023Sofienbergparken"></a>26.
januar 2023 — Fint i Sofienbergparken!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Sofienbergparken_26012023-2.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
januar 2023: Toalettet i Sofienbergparken. Bak ser vi Toftes gate
på Grünerløkka.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienbergparken.htm#26012023Sofienbergparken"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Sofienbergparken_26012023-4.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
januar 2023: Masse s i Sofienbergparken. Trykk på bildet for
å lese mer... </i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="26012023Sofienbergparken"></a>26.
januar 2023 — Fint i Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka
i Oslo!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Sofienbergparken_26012023-2.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
januar 2023: Toalettet i Sofienbergparken. Bak ser vi Toftes gate
på Grünerløkka.</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienbergparken.htm#26012023Sofienbergparken"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Sofienbergparken_26012023-4.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>26.
januar 2023: Mase s i Sofienbergparken. Trykk på bildet for
å lese mer... </i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="juleheftene2022"></a>19.
januar 2023 — INGEN JUL UTEN - Juleheftene!</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Egmont_Julehefter_2022-1.jpg" width="620" height="349"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>19.
januar 2023: Syv av de tretten juleheftene Egmont forlag ga ut for
julen 2022.</i></font></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Juleklassikere_Jula_2022-2.jpg" width="620" height="349"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>19.
januar 2023: Snøfte Smith, Hårek og Skipper'n hører
med julen!</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="julesider/index.html#juleheftene2022"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Knoll_og_Tott_Jula_2022.jpg" width="620" height="349" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>19.
januar 2023: Knoll og Tott hører med julen! Trykk på
bildet over for å se mer<b>...</b></i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="snoe16012023"></a>16.
januar 2023 — Fint med snø i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Bakgaarden_Verksgata_borettslag_06012022-2-panorama2.jpg" width="620" height="571"><br>
<i><font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif">05.01.2023:
Inngangspartiet til Fjellgata 2A-2E i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka i Oslo.</font></i></p>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/utsikt_bakgaarden_Verksgata_borettslag_06012023%20(1)b.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>06.01.2022:
Utsikt fra balkongen vår i Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag
på Rodeløkka.</i></font> </p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/verksgata_borettslag.htm#snoe16012023"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/utsikt_bakgaarden_Verksgata_borettslag_06012023%20(5)panorama2.jpg" width="620" height="194" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>06.01.2022:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D. Trykk på bildet for å se mer
her på hjemmesiden.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<h1><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a name="06012023_Rodes_plass"></a>6.
januar 2023 — Vinter på Rodes plass på Rodeløkka
i Bydel Grünerløkka</b></font></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Rodes_plass_06012023-3b.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>6.
januar 2023: Fint med snø på Rodes plass på Rodeløkka
i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo!</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/rodes_plass.htm#06012023_Rodes_plass"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Rodes_plass_06012023-6b.jpg" width="620" height="413" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>6.
januar 2023: Fint med snø på Rodes plass! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer...</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font></p>
<b></b>
<h1><b><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><a name="04012023_sner_ned"></a>4.
januar 2022 — Hjelp vi snør ned!</font></b></h1>
<p><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Snoer_ned_04012023.jpg" width="620" height="413"><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Fjellgata
2D, 4. januar 20223: Hjelp vi snør ned!</i></font></p>
<p><a href="bilder/gruenerloekka/verksgata_borettslag.htm#04012023_sner_ned"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Snoer_ned_04012023-2%20.jpg" width="620" height="484" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Georgia, Times New Roman, Times, serif"><i>Fjellgata
2D, 4. januar 20223: Godt å bli tint opp igjen! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.</i></font></p>
<p><font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="3"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk2/nestesaken.png" width="550" height="29"></b></font></b></font><br>
</p>
</center>
<table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#996600">
<div align="center"> <font size="3" face="Trebuchet MS" color="#FFFFFF"><b><a name="Kontakt"></a>Kontaktopplysninger:</b></font>
<a href="mailto:[email protected]"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/Trim-Kurt2bmanipulert.jpg" width="620" height="414" border="0"></a><br>
<font color="#996600" size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">... </font></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">Kurt Evert
Odin Stenbakk, Fjellgata 2 D, 0566 Oslo: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">Kurt
Evert Odin Stenbakk,</a> +47 986 00 26</font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS" color="#FFFFFF">0.</font><font color="#FF0000" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><marquee align="middle"></marquee></font><font color="#FF0000" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif" size="4"><marquee align="middle"></marquee></font></div>
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<p><font face="Trebuchet MS, Comic Sans MS" size="2"><a href="index.html">Index</a>
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<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="julesider/index.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('Image11','','bilder_grafikk/God_Jul_lenke2.png',1);MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue"><img src="bilder_grafikk/God_Jul_lenke.png" width="100" height="97" border="0" alt="God jul!" name="Image11"></a></font></div>
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<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><b>BILDER:</b></font></div>
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<tr>
<td height="18">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/index.html">Oslobilder</a></font></div>
</td>
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<tr>
<td height="9">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/hummer_kanari.htm">Hummer
og kanari</a></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="19">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/kunstig_intelligens.htm">Kunstig
intelligens</a></font></div>
</td>
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<tr>
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<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/index.html">Manipulasjoner</a></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="19">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html">Solvangbilder</a></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
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<td height="19">
<div align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/utenbygdsbilder.htm">«Utenbygdsbilder»</a></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="19">
<div align="center">
<div align="center">
<div align="center">
<p><a href="bilder/oslobilder/aker_brygge.htm"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk5/SkuleWaksvik_damefigur_aker_brygge.png" width="115" height="247" border="0"></font></a><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><br>
Aker brygge</font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oversikt/oversikt_bilder_google2019.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk/google_foto.jpg" width="120" height="60" border="0"></a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS" color="#FF0000"><b><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk/mari1.png" width="115" height="104" border="0"></a><br>
<font color="#996600">KOLONIHAGER <br>
I OSLO:</font></b></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><br>
<br>
<a href="bilder/kolonihager/etterstad.htm">Etterstad kolonihage</a><br>
<br>
<a href="bilder/kolonihager/hjemmets.htm">Hjemmets kolonihager</a></font></p>
</div>
<div align="center">
<p><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/rodeloekka_kolonihager.htm">Rodeløkka
kolonihager</a></font></p>
</div>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/sogn_hagekoloni.htm">Sogn
hagekoloni </a></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html">Solvang
kolonihager</a></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><br>
<font color="#000000"><b><img src="bilder_grafikk/fugler.gif" width="32" height="32"></b></font></font>
</p>
</div>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/norgesbilder.htm" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('Image42','','bilder_grafikk/Fotograf.png',1);MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue"><img src="bilder_grafikk/Fotograf2.png" width="100" height="164" border="0" name="Image42"></a><br>
<a href="bilder/norgesbilder/norgesbilder.htm">Norge i bilder</a></font></p>
</div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center">
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/blomsterbord_liten2.gif" width="115" height="22"><br>
<a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/jesusfigur_kunstig_intelligens.htm#0212223Jesusfigur"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Jesus_paa_reinsdyr2.png" width="115" height="115" border="0"></a><br>
Dypetset Jesus<br>
laget med KI </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/foerjulstemning_rodes_plass.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/rodes_plass_smaagris1b.png" width="115" height="194" border="0"></a><br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">«Julekort fra Rodes plass<br>
på Rodeløkka i Oslo».<br>
<font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS">Gris laget ved hjelp av</font><br>
kunstig intelligens</font> <br>
</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/vinterlandskap_kunstig_intelligens.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/pegasus_kunstig_intelligens.png" width="115" height="139" border="0"></a><br>
Pegasus laget med<br>
kunstig intelligens</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kunstig_intelligens/sigarnisser.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk14/Sigarnisse2023.png" width="115" height="112" border="0"></a><br>
«Sigarnisse» laget med kunstig intelligens</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim_stiftsgaarden.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/kong_olav_prydhagen_Stiftsgaarden_06102023.png" width="115" height="160" border="0"></a><br>
«Kong Olav»<br>
Prydhagen i<br>
Stiftsgården</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk13/Johan_Sverdrup2023-liten2.png" width="115" height="313" border="0"></a><br>
Johan Sverdrup<br>
Eidsvolls plass</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#12052023gamlemunchmuseet"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Ben_Hur_figurer12052023.png" width="115" height="88" border="0"></a><br>
«Ben Hur»-skulptur<br>
av billedhoggeren <br>
Bjørn Sørvang Hansen</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/turistmuseet_merano_detalj2.png" width="115" height="256" border="0"></a><br>
Trauttmansdorff, <br>
Detalj Turistmuseet,<br>
Merano, Italia</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/val_gardena_sankt_ulrich_ortisei.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/utstillingsfigur_Peter_Moroder_Ortisei_liten.png" width="115" height="264" border="0"></a><br>
Utstillingsfigur i Ortisei (Sankt Ulrichin Gröden)</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/kolonihager/index.html"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Sommerfugl_2023-1.png" width="115" height="129" border="0"></a><br>
Sommerfugl </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tyskland/merseburg.htm#03052023SchlossgartenMerseburg"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Friedrich_Kleist_von_Nollendorf_Merseburg.png" width="115" height="157" border="0"></a><br>
Friedrich Kleist von Nollendorf, Merseburg</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/karlsbroen_karlov_most.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Jan_Nepomuk_karlsbroen_praha.png" width="115" height="287" border="0"></a>:<br>
</b>Karlsbroen i Praha:<br>
Presten og martyren<br>
<a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_av_Nepomuk" target="_blank">Jan
av Nepomuk</a><b> </b></font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/tsjekkia/nybyen_praha.htm#UBalouna"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/2_detalj_Restaurant_U_Balouna_Praha-8.png" width="115" height="123" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj fra <br>
U Balouna, Praha</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/bydel_bjerke.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/Veitvet_T-banestasjon2.png" width="115" height="241" border="0"></a><br>
Speilvendt graffiti fra<br>
Veitvet T-banestasjon</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/oesterrike/stadtmitte_wien.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/Erkehertug_Karl_Helden_Platz_Wien.png" width="115" height="118" border="0"></a><br>
Erkehertig Karl<br>
Hofburg, Helden Platz, <br>
Wien, Østerrike</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/terento.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/gaaseskulptur_Terento_30052023-2.png" width="115" height="181" border="0"></a><br>
Bronseskulptur i<br>
Terento /Terenten<br>
i Nord-Italia</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/Tordenskiold_Trondheim.png" width="115" height="224" border="0"></a><br>
Tordenskioldstatuen <br>
Midtbyen i Trondheim</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#SverreJohnsen12052023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Kunstutstillingen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_12052023_Sverre_H_Johnsen-(8).png" width="115" height="361" border="0"></a><br>
Kunstneren SHJ<br>
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:<br>
Stilig dame! </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/aker_brygge.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk8/Pelikan_Aker-brygge.png" width="115" height="166" border="0"></a><br>
Pelikan på Stranden<br>
på Aker brygge</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/utenlandske/oesterrike/manipulerte_bilder_oesterrike.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/hofburg_skulpturdetalj-2.png" width="115" height="153" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj Hercules-skulptur<br>
Hofburg, Wien</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk8/Julis_Middelthun_skultur_Anton_Martin_Schweigaard.png" width="115" height="241" border="0"></a><br>
Julius Middelthun:<br>
Skulptur av Anton <br>
Martin Schweigaard </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/bergen/musikkpaviljongen_bergen.htm#OleBull"><img src="bilder_grafikk7/ole_bull-statue2_bergen_stefan_sinding.png" width="115" height="221" border="0"></a><br>
Ole Bull-statuen<br>
av Stephan Sinding<br>
Ole Bulls plass</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/danmark/oerstedsparken_koebenhavn.htm#Noerrebro"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/oerstedsparken_floeitespillende_satyrdreng.png" width="115" height="254" border="0"></a><br>
«Fløytespillende <br>
Satyrdreng»i <br>
Ørstedsparken i<br>
KØBENHAVN </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/trondheim/trondheim_hummer_kanari.htm#Krigsseilerplassen08082022"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/krigsseilermonumentet_Trondhjems_sjoefartsmuseum.png" width="115" height="194" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj av «Krigsseiler-monument» i Trondheim</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/norgesbilder/bergen/musikkpaviljongen_bergen.htm#EdvardGrieg"><img src="bilder_grafikk7/Edvard_Grieg_statue_Bergen_Ingebrigt_Vik_uten_sokkel_liten.png" width="115" height="257" border="0"></a><br>
Ingebrigt Vik:<br>
Edvard Grieg</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/danmark/oerstedsparken_koebenhavn.htm#Noerrebro"><img src="bilder_grafikk9/oestedsparken_Silen_med_Bacchusbarnet.png" width="115" height="239" border="0"></a><br>
«Silen med Bacchus-<br>
barnet» i Ørsteds parken <br>
i KØBENHAVN </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><font color="#000000"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/trefigurer_Trauttmansdorff_Merano_Italia.png" width="115" height="182" border="0"></a><br>
Treskulptur i<br>
blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff i <br>
Merano i Italia<br>
<br>
</font><img src="bilder_grafikk2/blomsterbord_liten2.gif" width="115" height="22"></font></p>
</div>
<div align="center">
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="http://issuu.com/kurtevert/docs/latinsk_ordbok/1" target="_blank"><img src="bilder_grafikk/latinske_ordtak2015.jpg" width="100" height="80" border="0"></a>
<br>
Trykk ovenfor for PDF-fil</font></p>
</div>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS" onMouseOver="MM_displayStatusMsg('Finn ut hvilken ukedag du er født på!');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOut="MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" color="#000000"><a href="diverse/latinsk.htm">Latinsk
ordliste</a></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><b>Moro med språk!</b><font color="#000000"><a href="../pdf/Tr%F8ndersk_ordlest_KurtEvert.pdf" target="_blank"><br>
</a></font></font><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS" onMouseOver="MM_displayStatusMsg('Finn ut hvilken ukedag du er født på!');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOut="MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" color="#000000"><a href="troendersk/utdrag_ordlesta.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk/heimbryggaordbutton.png" width="100" height="100" border="0"></a></font><font face="Trebuchet MS" size="2" color="#000000">
<br>
Trøndersk ordliste<br>
</font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><img src="bilder_grafikk2/blomsterbord_liten2.gif" width="115" height="22"></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/tegninger/index.html" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore();MM_displayStatusMsg(' ');return document.MM_returnValue" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('Image5','','bilder_grafikk/Benjamin-(9).gif',1);MM_displayStatusMsg('Tegninger');return document.MM_returnValue"><img src="bilder_grafikk/Benjamin_gif.gif" width="100" height="108" border="0" name="Image5"></a><br>
<a href="bilder/tegninger/index.html">Tegninger </a></font></p>
<p align="center"><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><i><b>ANIMASJONER:</b><br>
<a href="bilder/manipulerte/animasjoner/animasjoner.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk/Kurt-Evert_Fjellgata.gif" width="125" height="335" border="0"></a>
<br>
</i> Trykk på bildet for <br>
flere enkle animasjoner</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/manipulerte/dypetsinger/dypetsinger.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk5/Kurt_AyiaNapa15022020.png" width="115" height="356" border="0"></a><br>
Dypetsninger </font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/kypros/larnaca_bybilder.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk10/Larnakaastronaut_0911202022.png" width="115" height="157" border="0"></a><br>
Rise Street Art<br>
Hotel Larnaka</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/utenbygdsbilder/italia/merano_trauttmansdorff.htm"><img src="bilder_grafikk11/turistmuseet_merano_detalj2.png" width="115" height="256" border="0"></a><br>
Detalj Turistmuseet,<br>
Merano, Italia</font></p>
<p><font size="2" face="Trebuchet MS"><a href="bilder/hummer_kanari/gamle_munch.htm#SverreJohnsen12052023"><img src="bilder_grafikk12/Kunstutstillingen_Inkarnasjon_Gamle_Munch_1205223_Sverre_Hoevren_Johnsen-(7).png" width="115" height="171" border="0"></a><br>
Kunstneren<br>
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:<br>
Stilig figur! </font></p>
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Kurt Evert Stenbakks hjemmeside - 2023
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<<<
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>>>
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| [Startsiden](index.html)
[Startsiden](index.html)
**Hummer & Kanari**
[Bydel
Grünerløkka](bilder/gruenerloekka/grunerloekkabydel.htm)
[Diverse trønderske ord og vendinger](troendersk/index.html)
[Trøndersk!](troendersk/index.html)
[Kurt
Evert Odin
på Twitter](https://twitter.com/KurtOdin)
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Everts blogg:
kurtevert.blogspot.com](https://kurtevert.blogspot.com/)
[NETTKART](nettkart.htm)
[Trøndersk Quis](troendersk/utdrag_ordlesta.htm#Troenderquiz)
[Stilig graffiti og gatekunst!](bilder/graffiti/graffiti.htm)
[Stilig graffiti
og gatekunst!](bilder/graffiti/graffiti.htm)
**PARSELLHAGER:**
[Geitmyra skole-
og parsellhage](bilder/parsellhager/index.html)
[OSLOBILDER](bilder/oslobilder/index.html)
«Julekort fra Rodes
plass
på Rodeløkka i Oslo».
Gris laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens
«Sigarnisse» laget med kunstig intelligens
Dypetset Jesus
laget med KI
Pegasus laget med
kunstig intelligens
«Meraner Saltner»
«Vingårdbeskytter»
— Weingartenhüter
Merano, Italia
Detalj fra
Saint Athony's Chapel
i Sankt Ulrich (Ortisei)
i Nord-Italia
Jesus på korset i
Terento, Nord-Italia
«Ben Hur»-skulptur
av billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansen
Detalj fra
U Balouna, Praha
Detalj fra
Saint Athony's Chapel
i Sankt Ulrich (Ortisei)
Kong Friedrich Wilhelm
der dritte, Schlossgarten Merseburg, Tyskland
Erden Salih på
To Nissiotiko Tavern
i PROTARAS
Kunstneren
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:
Stilig figur!
Graffiti fra
Veitvet T-banestasjon
Sommerfugl
Tordenskioldstatuen
Midtbyen i Trondheim
Trauttmansdorff,
Detalj Turistmuseet,
Merano, Italia
Engelsborg Eldresenter:
Minneutstilling for
Kari Rolfsen
Pellergruppen på
Aker brygge
Per Ung (2009):
Fiolinisten
Arve Tellefsen
[Frimurerlosjen](https://www.trondheim.no/kunst/kunst-i-uterom/kunst-arve-tellefsen/)
Kongens gate
Kong Håkon VII
7. juni-plassen
Restaurant Påfuglen:
Utsnitt av glassmaleri:
«Tivoligutt» 1880
Rise Street Art
Hotel Larnaka
Ingebrigt Vik:
Edvard Grieg
Detalj av Krigsseiler-monument i Trondheim
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[Fotosketch](bilder/tegninger/index.html)
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Fakta« eller «Fake»
[Dypetsinger](bilder/manipulerte/dypetsinger/dypetsinger2017_tidligere.htm)
Skulptur ved
Det nederlandske
krigsminnesmerket
på Vestre gravlund
i bydel Vestre Aker
Detalj Turistmuseet,
Merano, Italia
Dypetninger
Hobbyfotograf
Gamle Munch,
Kunstneren SHJ
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:
Stilig dame!
Johan Sverdrup
Eidsvolls plass
«Kong Olav»
Prydhagen i
Stiftsgården
«Fakta« eller «Fake»
[Bilder på Twitter.](https://twitter.com/KurtOdin)Kurt Evert Odin
på Twitter
[«Faktisk
sant» og
«Fake News»](bilder/manipulerte/fake_news/faktisk_sant_fake_news.htm)
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hummer og kanari-bilder,** **tull og tøys, sanger, dikt og forbanna løgn...!**
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Søk WWW
Søk **KUN** på
kurtevert.info |
22.
des. 2023 — Rodeløkka nissekor med førjulskonsert
på Carl Berners plass
*22.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert
på Carl Berners plass i Oslo.*
*22.
des. 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert...
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
21.
desember 2023 — Snøvær på Furuset i Oslo
*21.
desember 2023: Skulpturen av FNs første generalsekretær
Trygve Lie utenfor Furuset senter.*
*21.
desember 2023:* *Snøvær ved Furustien barnehage... Trykk på bildet
for å lese mer.*
21. desember 2023 — Førjulsstemning
på Rodes plass i Oslo
*21.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert
på «Rodes plass» i Oslo.*
*21.
desember 2023: Rodeløkka nissekor har førjulskonsert.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
16. desember 2023 — Julenissebilder
fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med KI
Førjulsbilde fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med kunstig intelligens.
*16.
desember 2023: Nisser, griser og reinsdyr på Bryggen i Bergen?*
[Førjulsbilde fra Bryggen i Bergen laget med kunstig intelligens.](bilder/kunstig_intelligens/foerjulsbilder_bryggen_bergen.htm)
*16.
des. 2023: Nisser, griser og reinsdyr på Bryggen i Bergen?
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
14. desember 2023 — Sigarrøykende
nisser laget med kunstig intelligens
*14.
desember 2023: Sigarrøykende nisse på besøk
i Oslo? — laget med kunstig intelligens.*
*14.
desember 2023: Sigarrøykende nisse. Trykk på bildet
for å se og lese mer.*
11.
desember 2023 — Utenfor Stortinget i Oslo?
*11.
des. 2023: Veldig underlig fasade på Stortinget når
det lages med kunstig intelligens!*
*11.
des. 2023: Veldig underlig fasade på Stortinget når
det lages med kunstig intelligens!*
[Les
mer her på kurtevert.info om kunstig intelligens...](bilder/kunstig_intelligens/stortinget_kunstig_intelligens.htm)
7. desember 2023 — Vinterlandskap
laget med kunstig intelligens
*7.
desember 2023: Underlig hare og underlig ting laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens.*
*7.
desember 2023: Utopia? Laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens. Trykk
på bildet for mer.*
4. desember 2023 — Juletretenning
og folkefest på Trafalgar Square i London!
*4.
desember 2023: Feststemning under juletrenninga på Trafalgar
Square i London.*
*4.
desember 2023: Feststemning på Trafalgar Square i London.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
4.
desember 2023 — Førjulsbilder laget med kunstig intelligens
*4.
desember 2023: «Strektegning», først generert
ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens (KI(AI).*
*4.
desember 2023: «Strektegning», først generert
ved hjelp av KI. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
2.
desember 2023 — Jesus-figur laget med kunstig intelligens
Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr.
*2.
des. 2023: Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr,
laget med kunstig intelligens.*
Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr.
*2.
des. 2023: Sigarrøykende Jesus-figur som rir på reinsdyr,
laget med kunstig intelligens.*
[Flere
bilder og tekst her på kurtevert.info](bilder/kunstig_intelligens/jesusfigur_kunstig_intelligens.htm#0212223Jesusfigur)
1.
desember 2023 — Nisser laget med kunstig intelligens
«Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens.
*1.
desember 2023: «Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens.*
[«Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av kunstig intelligens.](julesider/index.html#01122023kunstigintelligens)
*1.
des. 2023: «Fallskjermnisse» laget ved hjelp av KI (AI).
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
21.
november 2023 — Juleøl på Petrus Bar og Restaurant
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | |
| *Aaas
juleøl på Petrus Bar og Restaurant.* | *Rodeløkka
nissekor i aksjon på Petrus* |
[Se
mer fra Petrus Bar og Restaurant](bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#21112023Petrus)
****17.
november 2023 — Dovrestua i Storgata i Oslo****
| | |
| --- | --- |
| *Ringnes Juleøl på Dovrestua i Oslo.* |
*Da
er Rignes juleøl testa!* |
[Les
mer her på kurtevert.info](bilder/oslobilder/oslo_sentrum.htm#17111023Dovrestua)
11.
november 2023 — Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant med
Bjørn og Frode!
Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant i Helgesens gate 50 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.
*11.
november 2023: Bjørn Sørvang Hansen og Frode Meland
i aksjon på Petrus.*
Jazz på Petrus Bar og Restaurant i Helgesens gate 50 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.
*11.
november 2023: Bjørn Sørvang Hansen og Frode Meland
i aksjon på Petrus.*[Flere
bilder fra Jazz på Petrus](bilder/gruenerloekka/Petrus_bar_restaurant.htm#11112023_Jazz_Petrus)
**30.
oktober 2023 — Vinterens første snø på
Rodes plass**
*30.
oktober 2023: Vinter og snø på Rodes plass i Bydel
Grünerløkka i Oslo.*
*30.
oktober 2023: Vinter og snø og høstfarger på
Rodes plass. Trykk på bildet får å se mer.*
**25.
oktober 2023 — Halloween på Petrus Mat og Vinhus?**
*25.
oktober 2023: Skrekk og gru på Petrus Mat og Vinhus i Helgesens
gate 50 i Oslo???*
*25.
oktober 2023: Nei bare hyggelige gjester! Trykk på bildet
for å lese mer.*
**11.
oktober 2023 — Fint i Botanisk hage!**
*11.
oktober 2023: Oldemors hage i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo. Bak ser vi Zoologisk museum.*
*11.
oktober 2023: Oldemors hage i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo. Trykk på bildet for mer.*
6.
oktober 2023 — Prydhagen ved Stiftsgården i Trondheim
*6.
oktober 2023: Prydhagen like utenfor Stiftsgården i Munkegata
i Trondheim.*
*6.
oktober 2023: Prydhagen like utenfor Stiftsgården i Trondheim.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
**1.
oktober 2023 — Åmot bru ved Akerselva på Grünerløkka**
*1.
oktober 2023: Like ovenfor Akerselva og Åmot bru ved Øvre
foss på Grünerløkka i Oslo.*
*1.
okt. 2023: Stor vassføring i Akerselva like nedenfor Åmot
bru. Trykk på bildet for å se mer...*
**24.
september 2023 — Det blomstrer fortsatt utenfor Sofienberghjemmet!**
Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! i Helgesens gate 62 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.
*24.
september 2023: Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor
Sofienberghjemmet!*
[Fortsatt veldig fint i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! i Helgesens gate 62 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.](bilder/gruenerloekka/sofienberghjemmet.htm#24092023Sofienberghjemmet)
*Flott rose i det ene blomsterbedet utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...*
**24.
september 2023 — Snart flotte høstfarger i Botanisk
hage i Oslo**
Flott i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på Tøyen i Oslo!
*24.
september 2023: Flott i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på Tøyen
i Oslo!*
*24.
september 2023: Fint ved dammen i Fjellhagen i Botanisk hage på
Tøyen i Oslo!*
*24.
sept. 2023: Ved dammen like nedenfor Victoriahuset i Botanisk hage.
Trykk på bildet...*
16.
september 2023 — Toalett- og dusjanlegget og Redskapshuset
ved Honnørplassen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1
*16.
september 2023: Toalett- og dusjanlegget og Redskapshuset
ved Honnørplassen på avd. 1.*
[Blomsterbedet på Honnørplassen like ved Nedre port på Solvang 1..](bilder/kolonihager/honnoerplassen_solvang_kolonihager_avdeling1.htm#1609223HonnoerplassenSolvang1)
*16.
september 2023: Blomsterbedet på Honnørplassen på
Solvang 1. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**13.
september 2023 — John Colletts plass på Ullevål
Hageby i Oslo**
*13.
september 2023: Rognebær på hjørnet av Sognsveien
og Ullevålsaalléen på John Collets plass.*
*13.
sept. 2023: Bokbyttekiosk ved Abels hage på John Collets plass.
Trykk på bildet for mer...*
7.
september 2023 — På informasjonsmøte om arv og
framtidskontrakt
i lokalene til Blindern
og Vinderen sanitetsforening på Slemdal i Oslo
*7.
september 2023: Utenfor Blindern og Vinderen sanitetsforening i
Tennisveien 2 G i Oslo.*
*7.
sept. 2023: Fint i hagen til Blindern og Vinderen sanitetsforening.
Trykk på bildet for mer...*
2.
og 3. september 2023 — Solvangdagene 2023
[Mange
bilder på min konto på Google Foto](https://photos.app.goo.gl/FRJb2sq7wnnQSq7w9)
**31.
august 2023 — Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka**
*31.
august 2023: Olaf Ryes plass langs «Miljøgata»
Thv. Meyers gate på Grünerløkka i Oslo.*
*31.
august 2023: Valgboder på Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka
i Oslo.* *Trykk
på bildet for mer...*
**21.
- 30. august 2023 — Sensommerbilder fra Solvang 1**
*21.
august 2023: Eplene modnes i Filoveien i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling
1 på Sogn i Oslo.*
*22.
august 2023: På hjørnet av Liljebakken og Roseveien
i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1.*
*30.
august 2023: Syrinalléen i Solvang kolonihager, avd. 1. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...*
26.
aug. 2023 — Avdukingen av billedhoggeren Bjørn Sørvang
Hansens
relieff til minne om «Kløftas store sønn»,
visesangeren Stein Ove Berg
*Snart
blir det avduking av Bjørn Sørvang Hansens relieff
til minne om Stein Ove Berg.*
*1.2.
3, nå skal duken av! Døtrene til Stein Ove Berg avduker
minnesmerket over sin far.*[Les
mer fra avdukningsseremonien på Kløfta](bilder/norgesbilder/kloefta_ullensaker.htm#avduking_relieff_stein_ove_berg)
**21.
august 2023 — Ikke slik vi vil høste pærer!**
*21.
august 2023: Ei forholsvis kraftig grein har ramla ned fra plommetreet
i Odins hage.*
*21.
august 2023: Snart blir det rraking og plukking av pærer...
Trykk på bildet for å se mer...*
**21.
august 2023 — Sensommerbilder fra Dalen i Solvang kolonihager,
avd.1**
*21.
august 2023: Utsikt frafriområdet Dalen oppover mot Huset
i Solvang kolonihager, avd. 1.*
*21.
august 2023: Dukkestuene og lekeapparater i Dalen på Solvang
1. Trykk på bildet for mer...*
**16.
august 2023 — Majorstuhuset og Majorstukrysset i Oslo**
*16.
august 2023: Majorstukrysset med Majorstuhuset i Kirkeveien 64 på
Majorstua i Oslo.*
*16.
august 2023: Deler av Majorstukrysset er stengt for tiden. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.*
16.
august 2023 — Utenfor Furuset senter i Bydel Alna
Valgbod utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve Lies plass på Furuset i Oslo.
*16.
august 2023: Valgbod utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve Lies
plass på Furuset i Oslo.*
*16.
august 2023: Flott blomsterbed utenfor Furuset senter på Trygve
Lies plass på Furuset i Oslo.*
[Furuset Moské eller Baitun Nasr moské på Sørens Bulls plass på Furuset i Oslo er Nordens største moské og ble offisielt åpnet den 30. september 2011.](bilder/oslobilder/bydel_alna.htm#16082023Furuset)
*16.
august 2023: Furuset Moské eller Baitun Nasr moské
på Sørens Bulls plass på Furuset i Oslo
er Nordens største moské og ble offisielt åpnet
den 30. september 2011. Trykk på bildet for mer.*
**3.
august 2023: Oljemalerier fra Huset og Dalen på Solvang 1**
*3.
aug. 2023: Oljemaleri fra Dalen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling
1 i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.*
*3.
august 2023: Oljemaleri av Huset på Solvang 1.. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.*
23.
juli 2023 — Søndagscafé på Solpynten på
Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1
*23.
juli 2023: Søndagsgjeste på Solpynten i Solvang kolonihager,
avdeling 1.*
*23.
juli 2023: Søndagsgjeste på Solpynten i Solvang, avd.
1. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
27.
juli 2023 — Oljemalerier fra Odins hage sommeren 2023
*27.
juli 2023: Oljemaleri fra ene blomsterbedet i Odins hage i Solvang
kolonihager, avd. 1.*
*27.
juli 2023: Oljemaleri fra Odins hage på Solvang 1. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.*
**19.
juli 2023 — Manipulerte bilder fra Solvang kolonihager, avd.
1**
*19.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra parsell 40 i Jasminveien i Solvang kolonihager,
avd. 1.*
*19.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra en parsell i Liljebakken i avd. 1. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**17.
og 18. juli 2023 — Photoshop-lek fra Odins hage på Solvang
1**
*17.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra ute i parsellen i Odins hage i Solvang
kolonihager, avdeling 1.*
*17.
juli 2023: Fotomontasje fra ene blomsterbedet i Odins hage. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**6.
juli 2023 — **Regnet
gjør godt for plantene i Odins hage på Solvang 1****
*6.
juli 2023: Rosene blomstrer fortsatt i blomsterbedet i Odins hage
på Solvang 1.*
*6.
juli 2023: Fra en blomsterurne like utenfor hytta i Odins hage.
Trykk på bildet for mer...*
**29.
og 30. juni 2023 — Rosene trives i blomsterbedet foran hytta
i Odins hage!**
*29.
juni 2023: Rosene trives i blomsterbedet foran hytta i Odins hage
på Solvang, avd. 1!*
*30.
juni 2023: Rosene trives i blomsterbedet i Odins hage! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.*
****28.
juni 2023 — Vestfossen park og Vestfossen stasjon i Øvre
Eiker****
*28.
juni 2023: Vestfossen park ved Jernbanegata og ubetjente Vestfossen
jernbanestasjon.*
*28.
juni: Blomsterperrongen i ubetjente Vestfossen jernbanestasjon.
Trykk på bildet for mer.*
**27.
juni 2023 — Plena i Odins hage på Solvang 1 har hatt
godt av regn!**
*27.
juni 2023: Plena har vært veldig tør, men med mye regn
i det siste har plena kommet seg!*
*27.
juni 2023: Fint med masse prestegrager på plena i Odins hage!
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**26.
juni 2023 — Regnværet i Oslo gjør godt for blomstene!**
*26.
juni 2023: Regnværet gjorde veldig godt for rosene våre
i Odins hage på Solvang 1.*
*26.
juni 2023: Regnværet gjorde veldig godt for rosene våre.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**23.
juni 2023 — Midtsommer i Odins hage i Solvang kolonihager,
avdeling 1**
*23.
juni 2023: Trielig på plattingen foran hytta i Odins hage
på Sogn i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo!*
*23.
juni 2023: Trielig på plattingen foran hytta i Odins hage.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**23.
juni 2023 — Midtsommer i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1!**
*23.
juni 2023. Flott oase her i Jasminveien i Solvang kolonihager 1
på Sogn i Oslo!*
*23.
juni 2023. Flott her i på parsell 40 i Jasminveien. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer...*
**7.
juni 2023 — Sofienberghjemmet i Bydel Grünerløkka**
*7.
juni 2023: Sofienberghjemmet i Helgesens gate 62, sett fra Ratkes
gate ved Sofienberg kirke.*
*7.
juni 2023: Sofienberghjemmet i Helgesens gate 62. Trykk på
bildet for å se flere bilder.*
**7.
juni 2023 — Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka**
*7.
juni 2023: Nye lekeapparat i Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka
i Oslo.*
*7.
juni 2023: Panorama fra Sofienbergparken**.
Trykk på bildet for å se flere bilder.*
**3.
og 7. juni 2023 — Fint på Honnørplassen på
Solvang 1!**
*7.
juni 2023: Honnør til alle som vil definere sin egen identitet.
Regnbueflagget symboliserer
fellesskap og friheten til selv å definere sin identitet,
kjærlighet og seksualitet.. Bra!*
*Lørdag
3 . juni 2023: Det blomstrer veldig fint! Trykk på bildet
for flere bilder fra Honnørplassen.*
**31.
mai 2023 — Fint i Dalen i Solvang kolonihager, avdeling 1!**
*31.
mai 2023: Fint i Dalen for tiden! Tre bilder satt sammen.*
*31.
mai 2023: Fint i Dalen for tiden! Tre bilder satt sammen. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.*
**30.
mai 2023 — Fint på Honnørplassen på Solvang
1!**
*30.
mai 2023: Honnørplassen på Solvang 1 sett fra hjørnet
Peonveien og Roseveien på avd. 1.*
*30.
mai 2023: Honnørplassen på Solvang 1 sett fra nedre
port. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**27.
mai 2023 — Bursdagsfeiring på Larsen Restaurant**
*27.
mai 2023: Fint interiør inne på Larsen i Sørkedalsveien
1B på Majorstua i Oslo.*
*27.
mai 2023: Fint interiør inne på Larsen. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer her på kurtevert.info.*
**19.
og 20. mai 2023 — Det blomstrer fint i Odins hage på
Solvang 1**
*19.
mai 2023: Pæretreet vår i Odins hage i Solvang kolonihager,
avd. 1 blomstrer fint for tiden!*
*19.
mai 2023: Nyklippet plen i Odins hage på Solvang 1. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.*
**17. mai
2023— Gratulerer med 17. mai!**
*Gratulerer
med dagen! Fotomontasje fra Magnolialunden i Botanisk hage på
Tøyen i Oslo.*
*Fotomontasje
fra Botanisk hage på Tøyen i Oslo. Trykk på bildet
for å se mer...*
**14.
mai 2023 — Kveldsstemning på Carl Berners plass**
*14.
mai 2023: Utsikt utenfor Bella Notte på Carl Bernes plass
i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.*
*14.
mai 2023: Utsikt utenfor Bella Notte på Carl Bernes plass.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**12.
mai 2023 — Våren er kommet til Rodes plass på Rodeløkka!**
*12.
mai 2023: Fint pynteepletre blomstrer på Rodes plass! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**12.
mai 2023 — Utstillingen «Inkarnasjon» på
det gamle Munchmuseet**
*Billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansens utstilling inne på det
gamle Munchmuseet på Tøyen.*
*Billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansens «Ben Hur»-skulptur.
Dypetset. Trykk på bildet for mer.*
**12.
mai 2023 — Sverre Høvren Johnsens kunstverk på
gruppeutstillingen
«Inkarnasjon» på Gamle Munch, lokalene til det
gamle Munchmuseet**
*Sverre
Høvren Johnsens tra akter på kunstutstillingen «Inkarnasjon»
på Gamle Munch.*
*Sverre
H. Johnsens tra akter på kunstutstillingen «Inkarnasjon».
Trykk på bildet for mer...*
**10.
mai 2023 — Bruke maskinlæring for å fargelegge
svart/hvitt-bilder!**
*10.
mai 2023: Bilde av et svart/hvitt-maleri fra Fulda i Tyskland tatt
28. april 2023.*
*10.
mai 2023:* *Behandlet
ved hjelp av maskinlæring... Trykk på bildet for å
se mer...*
**3.
mai 2023 — Schloßgarten med Schloßgartensalon og
Schloß Merseburg**
*3.
mai 2023: Schloßgarten med Schloßgartensalon og Schloß
Merseburg i Tyskland.*
*3.
mai 2023: Schloßgarten med en skulptur av keiser Friedrich
Wilhelm der dritte.*
*3.
mai 2023:* *Schloßgartensalon
i Schloßgarten Merseburg. Trykk på bildet for å
se mer...*
**1.
mai 2023 — Merano (Meran) i Syd-Tirol i Italia**
*1.
mai 2023: Fint ved elva Passer i Merano eller eller Meran som byen
heter på tysk.*
*1.
mai 223: Flott blomsterbed i gågata Passeggiata Lungo Passirio
i Merano i Nord-Italia.*
*1.
mai 223: Ovenfor gågata Passeggiata Lungo Passirio i Merano.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**1.
mai 2023 — På besøk på vinslottet og vinmuseet
Castel Rametz
(Schloss Rametz) i Merano i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia**
*1.
mai 2023: Utenfor butikken til Schloss Rametz i Merano i Syd-Tirol
i Nord-Italia.*
*1.
mai 2023: Schloss Rametz* *sett
fra vinmarkene nedenfor slottet. Trykk på bildet for å
se mer.*
**1.
mai 2023 — På besøk inne
i vinmuseet på Schloss Rametz
(Castel Rametz) i Merano i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia**
*1.
mai 2023: Vinguden Bachus passer på at vinen lages på
riktig måte i Schloss Rametz.*
*1.
mai 2023: En «vingårdbeskytter», «En Saltner»
i vinmuseet i Schloss Rametz.*
*1.
mai 2023: Masse verktøy inne i Weinmuseum Schloss Rametz.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
**På
tur i blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff i Merano**
*1.
mai: Deler av reisefølget fra Kjetil's Bussreiser utenfor
blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff.*
*1.
mai: Like utenfor blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff. Trykk på
bildet for å se mye mer.*
**29.
april 2023 — På tur til landsbyen Alta Badia i Val Gardena**
*29.
april 2029: Fra landsbyen Alta Badia i Val Gardena i Dolomittene
i Syd-Tirol i Italia.*
*29.
april 2029: Del av hotellet Ütia Lukas i Alta Badia i Val Gardena.
Trykk på bildet for mer...*
**29.
april 2023 — På tur opp til Passo Gardena (Jéuf
de Frea)**
*29. april: Nedlagte Grödner Joch Hospice i Passo Gardena i
Dolomittene i Syd-Tirol.*
*29.
april 2023: Cappella di San Maurizio i Passo Gardena. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.*
**29.
april 2023 — Lunsj i Sankt Ulrich i Val Gardena**
*29.
april 2023: Utenfor Panificio Bäckerei i Sankt Ulrich i Val
Gardena i Syd-Tirol i Italia.*
*29.
april 2023: Torget med Cafe Corsa i Sankt Ulrich i Val Gardena.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**April
- mai 2023 — Sentrum av den lille byen Terento i Syd-Tirol
i Italia**
*2.
mai 2023: Utsikt ned til kirka Saint George (Terenten-Pfarrkirche)
i Terento sentrum.*
*2.
mai 2023: Kirkegården til Saint George (Terenten-Pfarrkirche)
i Terento sentrum.*
*2.
mai 2023: Banken og Sunn Dorf Café i Terento sentrum.*
*Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**28.
april - 3. mai 2023 — Falkensteiner Hotel & Spa Sonnenparadies
i Terento i Syd-Tirol i Nord-Italia**
*30.
april 2023: Falkensteiner Hotel & Spa Sonnenparadies i Terento
i Syd-Tirol.*
*Fin
og stilren resepsjon inne på Falkensteiner Sonnenparadies.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**21.
april 2023 — Det våres i Abels hage på John Colletts
plass!**
Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.
*21.
april 2023: Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts
plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.*
[Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts plass i Bydel Nordre Aker i Oslo.](bilder/oslobilder/ullevaal_hageby.htm#21042023_ullevaal_hageby)
*21.
april 2023: Det våres i Abels hage på Jogn Colletts
plass. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**18.
april 2023 — Skulpturen «Hardt vær» av Solveyg
W. Schafferer**
*18.
april: Skulpturen «Hardt vær». Bak ser vi uteserveringen
til restaurant Politiker'n.*
*18.
april: Skulpturen «Hardt vær» av Solveyg W. Schafferer.
Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
**18.
april 2023 — Utepils på Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge i Th. Meyers Gate**
*18.
april utendørsserveringa til Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge i Thv. Meyers gate 89.*
*18.
april utendørsserveringa til Nedre Løkka Cocktailbar
& Lounge. Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**16.
april 2023 — Det spirer og gror utenfor Sofienberghjemmet**
*16.
april 2023: Det spirer og gror i blomsterbedene utenfor Sofienberghjemmet
i Oslo!*
*16.
april 2023: Det spirer og gror utenfor Sofienberghjemmet! Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**16.
april 2023 — Urtehagen Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34 på
Grønland**
*16.
april 2023: Urtehagen — Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34 på
Grønland i Oslo.*
*16.
april 2023: Urtehagen — Mosaikk barnehage i Nordbygata 34.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**8.
april 2023 — Majorstuhuset på Majorstua i Oslo**
Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua i Bydel Frogner i Oslo
*08.04.2023:
Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua
i Oslo.*
[08.04.2023: Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt i Majorstukrysset på Majorstua i Oslo.](bilder/oslobilder/majorstua.htm#08042023Majorstuhuset)
*08.04.2023:
Majorstuhuset ligger helt sentralt på Majorstua i Oslo. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**6. april 2023 — God
påske!**
*6.
april 2023: Det er ikke alle det skjærer seg for på
skjærtorsdagen! Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**5.
april 2023 — Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grünerhaven
på Olaf Ryes plass!**
*5.
april: Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grünerhaven på
Olaf Ryes plass på Grünerløkka i Oslo!*
*5.
april: Tyvstart av påsken 2023 i Grüners gate. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — På båttur på Moldau (Vltava)**
*28.
mars 2023: Utsikt til Karlsbroen, Old Town Bridge Tower (Kruttårnet)
i Gamlebyen i Praha,*
*28.
mars 2023: Trivelig musikk på båttur på Moldau
helt sentralt i Praha.Trykk på bildet...*
**28.
mars 2023 — Václavské námesti (Wenceslas
Square), Nybyen i Praha**
*28.
mars 2023: Václavské námesti (Wenceslas Square)
i Nybyen (Nové Mesto) i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Václavské námesti med Nasjonalmuseet
i Praha. Trykk på bildet for å lese mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — U Balouna på Vaclavske Namesti i Nybyen i
Praha**
*28.
mars 2023: Utenfor Restaurant U Balouna på Václavské
Námesti* *i Nybyen i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Inne på Restaurant U Balouna på Václavské
Námesti i Praha.
Trykk på bildet...*
**28.
mars 2023 — På guida tur over Karlsbroen i Praha**
*28.
mars 2023: Karlsbroen sett fra nabobroen Manes Bridge (Mánesuv
most) over Moldau i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023:Ved den ene inngangen til Karlsbroen (Charles Bridge)
i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Opp på Karlsbroen (Charles Bridge)i Praha. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — Området rundt Den astronomiske klokken i
Praha**
*28.
mars 2023: Det gamle rådhustårnet med den astronomiske
klokken i Gamlebyen i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Det gamle rådhustårnet med den astronomiske
klokken. Trykk på bildet for mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — Moldau ved Svatopluk Cech Bridge**
*28.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra broen Svatopluk Cech Bridge i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra broen Svatopluk Cech Bridge i Praha. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — Det jødiske kvarteret i Praha**
*28.
mars 2023: Statue af Moses av František Bílek i gata
Parížská 26 i Joseov i Praha.*
*28.
mars 2023: Utenfor Staronová Synagoga i Praha. Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.*
**28.
mars 2023 — **Krigsminnesmerke over falne tsjekkere i den
2. verdenskrig****
*28.
mars 2023: Krigsminnesmerket for falne under 2. verdenskrig.*
*28.
mars 2023: Krigsminnesmerket for falne under 2. verdenskrig. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**13.
mars 2023 — Snøvær i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka i Oslo**
*13.
mars: Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D til naboer i Gøteborggata 21,
Fjellgata 6 og Gøteborggata 19.*
*13.
mars 2023: Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D til naboer i Gøteborggata
19. Trykk på bildet for mer...*
**12.
mars 2023 — Holmenkollsøndag på Perrongen Sportspub**
*12.
mars 2023: Fotomontasje fra Perrongen Sportspub i Sørkedalsveien
1 på Majorstua i Oslo.*
*12.
mars 2023: Baren inne på Perrongen Sportspub. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.*
**24.
februar 2023 — Utsikt fra kjøkkenbalkongen i Verksgata
borettslag**
*24.02.2023:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag til naboer i Gøteborggata
19.*
*24.02.2023:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag**.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer.*
**21.
februar 2023 — Trygve Lies plass på Furuset i Bydel Alna
i Oslo**
*21.
Februar 2023: Trygve Lies plass med skulpturen av FNs generalsekretær
Trygve Lie.*
*21.
Februar 2023: Trygve Lies plass med skulpturen av Trygve Lie. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**21.
februar 2023 — Fint i Birkelunden på Grünerløkka
i Oslo!**
*21.
februar 2023: Spaniamonumentet i Birkelunden. Bak ser vi Birkelunden
trikkeholdeplass.*
*21.
februar 2023: Grunerløkka skole i Toftes gate 44. Trykk på
bildet for å lese mer.*
**21.
februar 2023 — Scorpius Import AS, den hippeste
hippiebutikken på Grünerløkka i Oslo**
*21.
februar 2023:* *Scorpius
Import AS på hjørnet av Schleppegrells gate og Toftes
gate.*
*21.
februar 2023: Scorpius Import AS i Schleppegrells gate 16. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**18.
februar 2023 — Polfarermonumentet og Krigsseilermonumentet
ved Frammuseet på Bygdøynes**
*18.
februar 2023: Utsikt fra Bygdøynes til Frognerkilen og andre
siden av Oslofjorden.*
*18.
februar 2023: Joseph Grimelands Krigsseilermonument nesten helt
ytters på Bygdøynes.*
*18.
02.2023: Polfarermonumentet like ved siden av Frammuseet. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer.*
**11.
februar 2023 — På besøk på Veitvedt i Bydel
Bjerke i Oslo**
*11.
feb. 2023: Billdehoggeren Per Hurums «To foler» inne
i Veitvet senter i Bydel Bjerke i Oslo.*
*11.
feb. 2023: Kveldsutsikt fra Rådyrveien på Veitvet. Trykk
på bildet for å se mer...*
**4.
februar 2023 — Karlstadgata borettslag på Rodeløkka
i Oslo**
*4.
februar 2023: «Danskebåten» i Gøteborggata
1 på Rodeløkka i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo.*
*4.
2. 2023: På hjørnet av Karlstadgata 6 i Karlstadgata
borettslag. Trykk på bildet for mer.*
****31.
januar 2023 — Forsøk på å fange lyset i
Sofienbergparken****
*31.
01. 2023: Utsikt over Sofienbergparken til Agra fabrikker i Sofienberggata
19 på Sofienberg.*
*31. 01. 2023: Utsikt over Sofienbergparken il Toftes gate. Trykk
på bildet for å lese mer...*
**29.
januar 2023 — Middagstur på Petrus Bar og Restaurant**
*29.
januar 2023: Fornøyde gjester på Petrus Bar og Restaurant
på Rodeløkka i Oslo.*
*29.
januar 2023: Fornøyd gjest på Petrus Bar og Restaurant**.
Trykk på bildet for å se mer....*
**26.
januar 2023 — Fint i Sofienbergparken!**
*26.
januar 2023: Toalettet i Sofienbergparken. Bak ser vi Toftes gate
på Grünerløkka.*
*26.
januar 2023: Masse s i Sofienbergparken. Trykk på bildet for
å lese mer...*
**26.
januar 2023 — Fint i Sofienbergparken i Bydel Grünerløkka
i Oslo!**
*26.
januar 2023: Toalettet i Sofienbergparken. Bak ser vi Toftes gate
på Grünerløkka.*
*26.
januar 2023: Mase s i Sofienbergparken. Trykk på bildet for
å lese mer...*
**19.
januar 2023 — INGEN JUL UTEN - Juleheftene!**
*19.
januar 2023: Syv av de tretten juleheftene Egmont forlag ga ut for
julen 2022.*
*19.
januar 2023: Snøfte Smith, Hårek og Skipper'n hører
med julen!*
*19.
januar 2023: Knoll og Tott hører med julen! Trykk på
bildet over for å se mer**...***
**16.
januar 2023 — Fint med snø i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka!**
*05.01.2023:
Inngangspartiet til Fjellgata 2A-2E i Verksgata borettslag på
Rodeløkka i Oslo.*
*06.01.2022:
Utsikt fra balkongen vår i Fjellgata 2D i Verksgata borettslag
på Rodeløkka.*
*06.01.2022:
Utsikt fra Fjellgata 2D. Trykk på bildet for å se mer
her på hjemmesiden.*
**6.
januar 2023 — Vinter på Rodes plass på Rodeløkka
i Bydel Grünerløkka**
*6.
januar 2023: Fint med snø på Rodes plass på Rodeløkka
i Bydel Grünerløkka i Oslo!*
*6.
januar 2023: Fint med snø på Rodes plass! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer...*
**4.
januar 2022 — Hjelp vi snør ned!**
*Fjellgata
2D, 4. januar 20223: Hjelp vi snør ned!*
*Fjellgata
2D, 4. januar 20223: Godt å bli tint opp igjen! Trykk på
bildet for å se mer.*
| |
| --- |
| **Kontaktopplysninger:**
... |
| Kurt Evert
Odin Stenbakk, Fjellgata 2 D, 0566 Oslo: [Kurt
Evert Odin Stenbakk,](mailto:[email protected]) +47 986 00 260. |
[Index](index.html)
| [2022](index2022.htm) | [2021](index2021.htm)
| [2020](index2020.htm) | [2019](index2019.htm)
| [2018](index2018.htm) | [2017](index2017.htm)
| [2016](index2016.htm) | [2015
og tidligere](tidligereindex2015-2010.htm)
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Dypetset Jesus
laget med KI
«Julekort fra Rodes plass
på Rodeløkka i Oslo».
Gris laget ved hjelp av
kunstig intelligens
Pegasus laget med
kunstig intelligens
«Sigarnisse» laget med kunstig intelligens
«Kong Olav»
Prydhagen i
Stiftsgården
Johan Sverdrup
Eidsvolls plass
«Ben Hur»-skulptur
av billedhoggeren
Bjørn Sørvang Hansen
Trauttmansdorff,
Detalj Turistmuseet,
Merano, Italia
Utstillingsfigur i Ortisei (Sankt Ulrichin Gröden)
Sommerfugl
Friedrich Kleist von Nollendorf, Merseburg
**:**Karlsbroen i Praha:
Presten og martyren
[Jan
av Nepomuk](https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jan_av_Nepomuk)
Detalj fra
U Balouna, Praha
Speilvendt graffiti fra
Veitvet T-banestasjon
Erkehertig Karl
Hofburg, Helden Platz,
Wien, Østerrike
Bronseskulptur i
Terento /Terenten
i Nord-Italia
Tordenskioldstatuen
Midtbyen i Trondheim
Kunstneren SHJ
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:
Stilig dame!
Pelikan på Stranden
på Aker brygge
Detalj Hercules-skulptur
Hofburg, Wien
Julius Middelthun:
Skulptur av Anton
Martin Schweigaard
Ole Bull-statuen
av Stephan Sinding
Ole Bulls plass
«Fløytespillende
Satyrdreng»i
Ørstedsparken i
KØBENHAVN
Detalj av «Krigsseiler-monument» i Trondheim
Ingebrigt Vik:
Edvard Grieg
«Silen med Bacchus-
barnet» i Ørsteds parken
i KØBENHAVN
Treskulptur i
blomsterparken Trauttmansdorff i
Merano i Italia
Trykk ovenfor for PDF-fil
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ordliste](diverse/latinsk.htm)
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***ANIMASJONER:*** Trykk på bildet for
flere enkle animasjoner
Dypetsninger
Rise Street Art
Hotel Larnaka
Detalj Turistmuseet,
Merano, Italia
Kunstneren
Sverre Høvren Johnsen:
Stilig figur!
[Kurt
Evert Odin
på Twitter](https://twitter.com/KurtOdin)
[Follow
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<p align="center"><img src="scamban-h2o.gif" width="522" height="76" border="0"></p>
<p><img src="joker.jpg" width="89" height="106" border="0" align="right" />Magnets and "catalysts" for softening water, magnetic laundry balls, waters that are "oxygenated", "clustered", "ionized" or "vitalized" (purporting to improve cellular hydration, remove toxins, and repair DNA), high zeta-potential colloids and vortex-treated waters to raise your energy levels, halt or reverse ageing and prevent cancer — all of these wonders and more are being aggressively marketed via the Internet, radio infomercials, seminars, and by various purveyors of new-age nonsense. The hucksters who promote these largely worthless products weave a web of pseudoscientific hype guaranteed to dazzle and confuse the large segment of the public whose limited understanding of science makes them especially vulnerable to this kind of exploitation.</p>
<p>The purpose of this site is to examine the credibility of these claims from the standpoint of our present-day understanding of science. The latter, of course, is always evolving and is never complete, but it makes an excellent "B.S. filter" that is almost always reliable. It is hoped that the information presented here will help consumers make more informed decisions before offering up their credit cards to those in the business of flogging pseudoscience.</p>
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<p class="section">AquaQuackery: wellness waters for whatever ails you </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="ionbunk.html"><img src="waterions.gif" width="70" height="62" border="0" align="right" />"Ionized" and alkaline water </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Spend thousands of $ for snake-oil on tap.<br />
Also, "<a href="phbalance.html">pH-balanced water</a>".</p>
<p> </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="clusqk.html"><img src="harmonymolecule.gif" width="92" height="92" border="0" align="right" />Water cluster quackery </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Structure-altered water nostrums and nonsense </p>
<p> </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="oxyscams.html"><img src="ocanada.jpg" width="80" height="131" border="0" align="right" />Oxygenated waters and worse </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">This "sports beverage" is great if you have gills, but otherwise it's just an expensive burp! </p>
<p> </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="wonkywater.html"><img src="vortex.gif" width="80" height="112" border="0" align="right" />Wonky-water wellness schemes </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">"Energized" and "magnetized" water, vortexes, vibrations, biophotons— and then there's the <em>really</em> weird stuff! </p>
<p class="section">Other water-quackery schemes & scams </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="coralscams.html">Coral calcium quackery</a></p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="FootBathBunk.html">Detox Footbath scams </a></p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="EnergizedWater.html">"Energized" water wackadoo</a> </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="FlanBunk.html">Flanagan's hydride ion shenanigans</a></p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="johnellisbunk.html">John Ellis Electron Water Machine </a></p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="magwatscams.html">"Magnetized" water misinformation</a> </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="piwaterbunk.html">Pi Water piffle </a></p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="TWEbunk.html">TWE "Structured Water" nonsense</a></p>
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<p class="MenItem"><a href="faq.html">Frequently-asked questions </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Please click here before you ask me! </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="gallery.html">The BunkHouse: gallery of water-related pseudoscience</a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Cross-reference of products profiled on this site.</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="#LINKS">Some helpful links </a></p>
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<p class="section">Background: information to help avoid being scammed</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="../acad/sci/pseudosci.html"><img src="wizard.jpg" width="44" height="71" border="0" align="right" />What is pseudoscience?</a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">How to tell the difference from science</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="../acad/sci/aboutwater.html"><img src="WatDensPlot.gif" width="92" height="88" border="0" align="right" />A gentle introduction to water and its structure</a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Get the straight dope on water before the hucksters get you!</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="hardwater.html"><img src="tub.gif" width="87" height="73" border="0" align="right" />About hard water </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">A brief description of the nature of water hardness and scale </p>
<p class="MenuComment"> </p>
<p class="section">Dubious water-treatment schemes, mostly</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="magscams.html"><img src="magnet.gif" width="64" height="73" border="0" align="right" />Magnetic water treatment and related magnetic pseudoscience </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Also: magnetic laundry balls, fuel-enhancers and similar stuff </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="catscams.html">"Catalytic" water softening </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">"Precious-metal" catalysts suck electrons out of the water and money out of your wallet </p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="aquacrack.html">Other alternative softening schemes</a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">Ranging from the scientifically questionable to the crackpot</p>
<p class="MenItem"><a href="../acad/sci/aboutwater.html#BURN">Convert your car to burn water </a></p>
<p class="MenuComment">This old stuff never seems to die. Get the facts here!</p>
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<h3><a name="LINKS" id="LINKS"></a>References: some useful links</h3>
<p><a href="http://blog.everydayscientist.com/?cat=50">Another scientist's</a> musings on water pseudoscience and HHO "free energy".</p>
<p>The <a href="http://dmoz.org/Science/Environment/Water_Resources/Drinking_Water/">Drinking
Water</a> section of the <b>Open Directory Project</b> contains links to numerous
EPA and other informational sites.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.cyber-nook.com/water/index.html">Drinking Water Resources</a> - this site contains a wealth of information and hundreds of links, all nicely organized through a menu covering general concerns, contaminants, risk factors and treatment methods. The author is in the water filter business, but he is science-trained and offers reliable advice.</p>
<p><b>Wilkes University</b> has a good <a href="http://www.water-research.net/helpguide.htm">Online
Information Guide</a> covering water quality, drinking water, groundwater,
surface water, common water quality problems and water analysis and testing.</p>
<p>For a good review of advanced water-treatment technologies, see the article <i>Waterworks</i> in the April 9, 2001 issue of <i>Chemical & Engineering
News</i>. (ACS members can access it <a href="http://cen.acs.org/isubscribe/journals/cen/79/i15/html/7915sci1.html">here</a>.)
This has a particularly good discussion of large-scale microfiltration and
reverse-osmosis methods such as are being used for wastewater treatment
in Orange County CA and elsewhere.</p>
<p>The <b>University of Arizona Hydrology Dept</b> has a very comprehensive, student-oriented <a href="http://www.hwr.arizona.edu/globe/h2oissues.html">Western Water Resources</a> site which has a lot of links of general interest, including to water-related sites of EPA and USCGS. See also <a href="http://www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/main_e.htm">Agriculture Canada's site</a> on farm water resources and treatment. Some notes on the historical development of water-treatment processes can be found <a href="http://www.historyofwaterfilters.com/early-water-treatment.html">here</a>. </p>
<p>This private risk management organization has an extensive list of <a href="http://www.nsf.org/consumer/drinking_water/dw_contaminant_guide.asp">common water contaminants</a> with information on their allowed levels, health effects, and remediation technologies.</p>
<p>U.S. residents may wish to see the <a href="http://projects.nytimes.com/toxic-waters/contaminants">NYTimes "What's in Your Water" site</a> and check on the data for a particular city or county. </p>
<p><a href="http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/well-puits-eng.php">What's in your well?</a> A guide to well water reatment and maintenance from Health Canada.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/environ/chlor_e.html">Drinking water chlorination</a> - from the Health Canada site </p>
<p><a href="http://www.healthunit.org/water/infosheet/system.htm">Choosing a water treatment system</a> - a Government of Ontario site</p>
<p><b>Water purifiers</b>: <a href="http://www.chem1.com/CQ/FlanBunk.html">common deceptive tests</a> intended to convince you that your water is polluted</p>
<p><b>Drinking water standards:</b> See the <a href="http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/currentregulations.cfm">US EPA Water Standards site</a> and especially their <a href="http://water.epa.gov/drink/guide/upload/book_waterontap_full.pdf">pdf document</a> that lists specific contaminants and their concentration limits. A <a href="http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/sum_guide-res_recom/chemical-chimiques-eng.php">similar table</a> is published by Health Canada.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.sniggle.net/scams.php">Scams and Frauds</a> page from the excellent <a href="http://www.sniggle.net/index.php">CultureJammer's site</a>. Hundreds of links.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.skepdoc.info/">SkepDoc</a> - Retired physician Dr. Harriet Hall writes about medicine, science, and quackery.</p>
<p><a href="https://liesorfiction.blogspot.com/">Dead water, lies or fiction?</a> Blog on various water-quackery scams </p>
<p>Multi-level marketing - <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-level_marketing">Wikipedia</a> - <a href="http://www.firstclassmlm.com/">Pro</a> - Con: <a href="http://www.mlmwatch.org/01General/10lies.html">"Ten big lies"</a> , <a href="http://www.mlmwatch.org/">MLM Watch</a></p>
<p>Medical/Health pseudoscience, quackery and fraud: <a href="http://www.quackwatch.org">QuackWatch</a>, <a href="http://www.quackometer.net/">The Quackometer</a><br />
<a href="http://www.nsf.org">NSF International</a> has several useful consumer pages about water treatment: see especially <a href="http://nsf.org/consumer/drinking_water/dw_treatment.asp?program=WaterTre#devices">Home Water Treatment Devices</a>, and <a href="http://www.nsf.org/certified/dwtu/.">listings of products </a>they have certified.<a href="http://www.worldwidescam.com/"><br />
</a>U.S. Federal Trade Commision: <a href="https://www.ftc.gov/ftc/sitemap.htm">index page</a> --<br />
<a href="https://www.FTCComplaintAssistant.gov/"><b>File-a-complaint</b></a><br />
U.S. Federal Drug Administration <a href="http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/">Consumers Page</a> - <a href="http://www.fda.gov/food/guidanceregulation/guidancedocumentsregulatoryinformation/dietarysupplements/ucm073200.htm">Dietary Supplement Advertising Rules</a></p>
<p>Residents of Canada can use<a href="https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cb-bc.nsf/frm-eng/GHÉT-7TDNA5"> this form</a> to forward complaints regarding deceptive advertising and sales practices to the Canada Competition Bureau.</p>
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<td width="28%"><span class="lt-grn">Why do I waste my time on this stuff? Chemistry is my favorite subject, and I hate to see it misused to confuse, mislead or defraud the public. </span></td>
<td width="54%"><b><a href="http://www.chem1.com/SKL/SKLchem/">Stephen Lower</a></span></b><a href="http://www.sfu.ca/chemistry/faculty/lower.htm"><b><br />
</b></a>is a <a href="http://www.sfu.ca/chemistry/people/emeritus-retired.html">retired faculty member</a> of the<br />
<a href="http://www.sfu.ca/chemistry.html">Dept of Chemistry</a>, <a href="http://www.sfu.ca/">Simon Fraser University</a><br />
Burnaby / Vancouver, Canada<br />
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Water pseudoscience and quackery
The purpose of this site is to examine the credibility of these claims from the standpoint of our present-day understanding of science. The latter, of course, is always evolving and is never complete, but it makes an excellent "B.S. filter" that is almost always reliable. It is hoped that the information presented here will help consumers make more informed decisions before offering up their credit cards to those in the business of flogging pseudoscience.
AquaQuackery: wellness waters for whatever ails you
["Ionized" and alkaline water](ionbunk.html)
Spend thousands of $ for snake-oil on tap.
Also, "[pH-balanced water](phbalance.html)".
[Water cluster quackery](clusqk.html)
Structure-altered water nostrums and nonsense
[Oxygenated waters and worse](oxyscams.html)
This "sports beverage" is great if you have gills, but otherwise it's just an expensive burp!
[Wonky-water wellness schemes](wonkywater.html)
"Energized" and "magnetized" water, vortexes, vibrations, biophotons— and then there's the *really* weird stuff!
Other water-quackery schemes & scams
[Coral calcium quackery](coralscams.html)
[Detox Footbath scams](FootBathBunk.html)
["Energized" water wackadoo](EnergizedWater.html)
[Flanagan's hydride ion shenanigans](FlanBunk.html)
[John Ellis Electron Water Machine](johnellisbunk.html)
["Magnetized" water misinformation](magwatscams.html)
[Pi Water piffle](piwaterbunk.html)
[TWE "Structured Water" nonsense](TWEbunk.html)
>
> [Frequently-asked questions](faq.html)
>
>
> Please click here before you ask me!
>
>
> [The BunkHouse: gallery of water-related pseudoscience](gallery.html)
>
>
> Cross-reference of products profiled on this site.
>
>
> [Some helpful links](#LINKS)
>
>
>
Background: information to help avoid being scammed
[What is pseudoscience?](../acad/sci/pseudosci.html)
How to tell the difference from science
[A gentle introduction to water and its structure](../acad/sci/aboutwater.html)
Get the straight dope on water before the hucksters get you!
[About hard water](hardwater.html)
A brief description of the nature of water hardness and scale
Dubious water-treatment schemes, mostly
[Magnetic water treatment and related magnetic pseudoscience](magscams.html)
Also: magnetic laundry balls, fuel-enhancers and similar stuff
["Catalytic" water softening](catscams.html)
"Precious-metal" catalysts suck electrons out of the water and money out of your wallet
[Other alternative softening schemes](aquacrack.html)
Ranging from the scientifically questionable to the crackpot
[Convert your car to burn water](../acad/sci/aboutwater.html#BURN)
This old stuff never seems to die. Get the facts here!
### References: some useful links
[Another scientist's](http://blog.everydayscientist.com/?cat=50) musings on water pseudoscience and HHO "free energy".
The [Drinking
Water](http://dmoz.org/Science/Environment/Water_Resources/Drinking_Water/) section of the **Open Directory Project** contains links to numerous
EPA and other informational sites.
[Drinking Water Resources](http://www.cyber-nook.com/water/index.html) - this site contains a wealth of information and hundreds of links, all nicely organized through a menu covering general concerns, contaminants, risk factors and treatment methods. The author is in the water filter business, but he is science-trained and offers reliable advice.
**Wilkes University** has a good [Online
Information Guide](http://www.water-research.net/helpguide.htm) covering water quality, drinking water, groundwater,
surface water, common water quality problems and water analysis and testing.
For a good review of advanced water-treatment technologies, see the article *Waterworks* in the April 9, 2001 issue of *Chemical & Engineering
News*. (ACS members can access it [here](http://cen.acs.org/isubscribe/journals/cen/79/i15/html/7915sci1.html).)
This has a particularly good discussion of large-scale microfiltration and
reverse-osmosis methods such as are being used for wastewater treatment
in Orange County CA and elsewhere.
The **University of Arizona Hydrology Dept** has a very comprehensive, student-oriented [Western Water Resources](http://www.hwr.arizona.edu/globe/h2oissues.html) site which has a lot of links of general interest, including to water-related sites of EPA and USCGS. See also [Agriculture Canada's site](http://www.agr.gc.ca/pfra/main_e.htm) on farm water resources and treatment. Some notes on the historical development of water-treatment processes can be found [here](http://www.historyofwaterfilters.com/early-water-treatment.html).
This private risk management organization has an extensive list of [common water contaminants](http://www.nsf.org/consumer/drinking_water/dw_contaminant_guide.asp) with information on their allowed levels, health effects, and remediation technologies.
U.S. residents may wish to see the [NYTimes "What's in Your Water" site](http://projects.nytimes.com/toxic-waters/contaminants) and check on the data for a particular city or county.
[What's in your well?](http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/well-puits-eng.php) A guide to well water reatment and maintenance from Health Canada.
[Drinking water chlorination](http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/iyh-vsv/environ/chlor_e.html) - from the Health Canada site
[Choosing a water treatment system](http://www.healthunit.org/water/infosheet/system.htm) - a Government of Ontario site
**Water purifiers**: [common deceptive tests](http://www.chem1.com/CQ/FlanBunk.html) intended to convince you that your water is polluted
**Drinking water standards:** See the [US EPA Water Standards site](http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/currentregulations.cfm) and especially their [pdf document](http://water.epa.gov/drink/guide/upload/book_waterontap_full.pdf) that lists specific contaminants and their concentration limits. A [similar table](http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/ewh-semt/pubs/water-eau/sum_guide-res_recom/chemical-chimiques-eng.php) is published by Health Canada.
[Scams and Frauds](http://www.sniggle.net/scams.php) page from the excellent [CultureJammer's site](http://www.sniggle.net/index.php). Hundreds of links.
[SkepDoc](http://www.skepdoc.info/) - Retired physician Dr. Harriet Hall writes about medicine, science, and quackery.
[Dead water, lies or fiction?](https://liesorfiction.blogspot.com/) Blog on various water-quackery scams
Multi-level marketing - [Wikipedia](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multi-level_marketing) - [Pro](http://www.firstclassmlm.com/) - Con: ["Ten big lies"](http://www.mlmwatch.org/01General/10lies.html) , [MLM Watch](http://www.mlmwatch.org/)
Medical/Health pseudoscience, quackery and fraud: [QuackWatch](http://www.quackwatch.org), [The Quackometer](http://www.quackometer.net/)
[NSF International](http://www.nsf.org) has several useful consumer pages about water treatment: see especially [Home Water Treatment Devices](http://nsf.org/consumer/drinking_water/dw_treatment.asp?program=WaterTre#devices), and [listings of products](http://www.nsf.org/certified/dwtu/.) they have certified.U.S. Federal Trade Commision: [index page](https://www.ftc.gov/ftc/sitemap.htm) --
[**File-a-complaint**](https://www.FTCComplaintAssistant.gov/)
U.S. Federal Drug Administration [Consumers Page](http://www.fda.gov/ForConsumers/) - [Dietary Supplement Advertising Rules](http://www.fda.gov/food/guidanceregulation/guidancedocumentsregulatoryinformation/dietarysupplements/ucm073200.htm)
Residents of Canada can use [this form](https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/cb-bc.nsf/frm-eng/GHÉT-7TDNA5) to forward complaints regarding deceptive advertising and sales practices to the Canada Competition Bureau.
| |
| --- |
|
last modified:
2017-03-02
|
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| --- | --- |
| Why do I waste my time on this stuff? Chemistry is my favorite subject, and I hate to see it misused to confuse, mislead or defraud the public. | **[Stephen Lower](http://www.chem1.com/SKL/SKLchem/)**is a [retired faculty member](http://www.sfu.ca/chemistry/people/emeritus-retired.html) of the
[Dept of Chemistry](http://www.sfu.ca/chemistry.html), [Simon Fraser University](http://www.sfu.ca/)
Burnaby / Vancouver, Canada |
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<b>
<font size=+3>LabGuy's World:</font>
<font size=+1>The History of Video Tape Recorders before Betamax and VHS</font></b>
<center><hr WIDTH="100%">
<a href="JVC_PV-4800.htm"><img SRC="FrontPix1.jpg"
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BORDER=0 height=145 width=162 align=ABSCENTER></a><a href="Sony_AV-3400.htm"><img SRC="FrontPix2.jpg" ALT="Sony AVC-3400 Hand held B/W vidicon portapack camera 1970"
BORDER=0 height=145 width=126 align=ABSCENTER></a><a href="Sony_AV-5000A.htm"><img SRC="FrontPix3.jpg"ALT="Sony AV-5000A EIAJ BW / Color (pilot tone) Videocorder 1971"
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BORDER=0 height=145 width=148 align=ABSCENTER></a><a href="Cat_Ampex.htm"><img SRC="FrontPix5.jpg" ALT="Ampex VR-3000 backpack quadruplex VTR 1970"BORDER=0 height=145 width=150 align=ABSCENTER></a>
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<hr WIDTH="100%"><b>Find out where that VCR in your living
room came from. Read about video hardware that has been extinct a very
long time. At LabGuy's World, you can tour the virtual museum, flip through
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of video recording history, figure out how to hook up that gnarly antique
you just bought at a yard sale AND much, much more!</b><br>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<menu>
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<b><font color="#000000">
[<a href="VTR-Museum_001.htm">MUSEUM OF EXTINCT VIDEO RECORDERS</a>]
My personal collection of extinct video
tape
recorders.
</font></b>
</li>
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<b><font color="#000000">
[<a href="VTR-Museum_002.htm">MUSEUM OF EXTINCT VIDEO CAMERAS</a>]
My personal collection of extinct video cameras.
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A list of extinct non-broadcast video equipment.
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Every video product has a human behind it. Meet some of them.
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Labguy's favorite spots on the internet.
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LabGuy's World: The History of Video Tape Recorders before Betamax and VHS
| |
| --- |
| **LabGuy's World:
The History of Video Tape Recorders before Betamax and VHS**
---
[JVC GC-4800U Two tube hand held color portapack camera 1976](JVC_PV-4800.htm)[Sony AVC-3400 Hand held B/W vidicon portapack camera 1970](Sony_AV-3400.htm)[Sony AV-5000A EIAJ BW / Color (pilot tone) Videocorder 1971](Sony_AV-5000A.htm)[Magnavox Chroma Vue 550 Single tube hand held color camera](Cat_Philips.htm)[Ampex VR-3000 backpack quadruplex VTR 1970](Cat_Ampex.htm)
---
**Find out where that VCR in your living
room came from. Read about video hardware that has been extinct a very
long time. At LabGuy's World, you can tour the virtual museum, flip through
the catalog of extinct video recorders and cameras, browse the time line
of video recording history, figure out how to hook up that gnarly antique
you just bought at a yard sale AND much, much more!**
---
- **[[MUSEUM OF EXTINCT VIDEO RECORDERS](VTR-Museum_001.htm)]
My personal collection of extinct video
tape
recorders.**
- **[[MUSEUM OF EXTINCT VIDEO CAMERAS](VTR-Museum_002.htm)]
My personal collection of extinct video cameras.**
- **[[EXTINCT VIDEO DOCUMENTATION AND ARTICLES](VTR-Museum_003.htm)]
Centralized technical research information.**
- **[[CATALOG OF EXTINCT VIDEO EQUIPMENT](VTR_Catalog.htm)]
A list of extinct non-broadcast video equipment.**
- **[[PEOPLE IN VTR HISTORY](VTR-People.htm)]
Every video product has a human behind it. Meet some of them.**
- **[[FAQ's - FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS](VTR_FAQ.htm)]
You have the questions, Labguy has the answers!**
- **[[SERVICE MANUALS FOR SALE](LiteratureForSale.htm)]
As well as User Manuals and Advertising Flyers!**
- **[[LABGUY'S ELECTRONICS AND VIDEO PROJECTS](LabguysProjects.htm)]
The pro-active side of my hobby.**
- **[[YOU TUBE: VIDEOLABGUY CHANNEL](https://www.youtube.com/user/videolabguy/videos)]
NEW!
Various aspects of extinct video products and projects.**
- **[[EXTINCT VIDEO EQUIPMENT AND RELATED LINKS](VTR_Links.htm)]
Labguy's favorite spots on the internet.**
- **[[PERSONAL CONTACT INFO AND SITE CREDITS](Site_Info.htm)]
Includes the contributor's list.**
- **[[WHAT'S NEW AT LABGUY'S WORLD?](WhatsNew.htm)]
News and information about site updates and acquisitions.**
---
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<img src="star.gif" alt="star" width="23" height="22"><img src="star.gif" alt="star" width="23" height="22">
<img src="star.gif" alt="star" width="23" height="22"><img src="star.gif" alt="star" width="23" height="22">
</center></td></tr>
</table></center>
<p>
<center><table border="2">
<tr><td>
<a href="mario64.zip">Click here to download the complete walkthrough(26.1KB
.ZIP format)</a>
</td></tr>
<tr><td><center>
<a href="marios3.wav">Click here to listen to Mario's greeting!(25.0KB
.WAV format)</a>
</center></td></tr></table>
</center>
<p>
<center><img src="line1.gif" alt="line" width="600" height="1"></center>
<table>
<tr><td><img src="mario_1.gif" alt="sleeping mario" width="80" height="45"></td><td><b><h2><i>Story</i></h2></b></td></tr>
</table>
Mario was invited by Princess Daisy to her castle to have cake together. When Mario arrived, he cannot find Princess Daisy... since she was captured by Bowser! Control Mario with your N64 joystick to collect Power Stars to rescue Princess Daisy!
<p>
<table>
<tr><td><img src="star.gif" alt="star" align="middle" width="23" height="22"></td><td><b><h2><i>Power Stars</i></h2></b></td></tr>
</table>
Mario can collect power stars in different stages and in the castle, as he try to save Princess Daisy. Once Mario collect 70 stars, he can fight with the final Bowser. However, there are 120 power stars in total:
<ul>
<li>In each of the 15 stages, there are 6 stars and an extra star when Mario collects 100 coins in that stage.
<li>The rest 15 <a href="mariosc.html">secret stars</a> are hidden somewhere in the castle.
</ul>
<center><b> ( 6<img src="star.gif" alt="star" align="middle" width="23" height="22">+ 1<img src="star.gif" alt="star" align="middle" width="23" height="22">) x 15 + 15<img src="star.gif" alt="star" align="middle" width="23" height="22">= 120<img src="star.gif" alt="star" align="middle" width="23" height="22"></b></center><br>
Once Mario collects all 120 stars, he can see his old friend Yoshi!
<p>
<table>
<tr><td><img src="red_0.gif" alt="red !" width="59" height="59"> </td><td><b><h2><i>Red, Green and Blue ! Boxes</i></h2></b></td></tr>
</table>
These boxes contain caps that give Mario special power.
<b>Red !</b> allows Mario to fly, <b>green !</b> turns Mario into metallic and <b>blue !</b> makes Mario transparent. However, they can only be used after Mario had pressed their particular <a href="marioswi.html">switches,</a> which are hidden, in the castle.
<p>
<table>
<tr><td><img src="monkey.gif" width="30" height="40"></td><td><b><h2><i> The 15 Stages</i></h2></b></td></tr>
</table>
There are 15 stages in this game. Each stage contain 6 stars. Sometimes Mario collects stars directly, sometimes after defeating a boss, passing certain secret places or collects 8 red coins. There is also an extra star when Mario collects 100 coins in each stage.
<ul>
<li>Stage 1 - <a href="marios1.html">Bob-omb Battlefield</a>
<li>Stage 2 - <a href="marios2.html">Whomp's Fortress</a>
<li>Stage 3 - <a href="marios3.html">Jolly Roger Bay</a>
<li>Stage 4 - <a href="marios4.html">Cool, Cool Mountain</a>
<li>Stage 5 - <a href="marios5.html">Big Boo's Haunt</a>
<li>Stage 6 - <a href="marios6.html">Hazy Maze Cave</a>
<li>Stage 7 - <a href="marios7.html">Lethal Lava Land</a>
<li>Stage 8 - <a href="marios8.html">Shifting Sand Land</a>
<li>Stage 9 - <a href="marios9.html">Dire, Dire Docks</a>
<li>Stage 10 - <a href="marios10.html">Snowman's Land</a>
<li>Stage 11 - <a href="marios11.html">Wet-Dry World</a>
<li>Stage 12 - <a href="marios12.html">Tall, Tall Mountain</a>
<li>Stage 13 - <a href="marios13.html">Tiny, Huge Island</a>
<li>Stage 14 - <a href="marios14.html">Tick Tock Clock</a>
<li>Stage 15 - <a href="marios15.html">Rainbow Ride</a>
</ul>
<p>
<table>
<tr><td><img src="bowser.gif" alt="Bowser" width="104" height="50"></td><td><b><h2><i>Bowser </i></h2></b></td>
</table>
Mario has to defeat Bowser three times. After defeating the first one, Mario gets the 1st key to the basement. The second one holds the key to the third floor. Defeat the last one to save Princess Daisy and watch the nice <a href="marioend.html">ending</a>!
<ul>
<li><a href="mariob1.html">Bowser in the Dark World</a>
<li><a href="mariob2.html">Bowser in the Fire Sea</a>
<li><a href="mariob3.html">Bowser in the Sky</a>
</ul>
<p>
<center><img src="line1.gif" alt="line" width="600" height="1"></center>
<p>
<p>
</body>
<!-- Mirrored from www.sca.ch/mario/ by HTTrack Website Copier/3.x [XR&CO'2014], Fri, 26 Apr 2019 18:24:48 GMT -->
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</html>
|
Unofficial Super Mario 64 Guide
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function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);}
gtag('js', new Date());
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| |
| --- |
| starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
|
| ***[Stage 1](marios1.html)*** | Title | ***[Stage 10](marios10.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 2](marios2.html)*** | ***[Stage 11](marios11.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 3](marios3.html)*** | ***[Stage 12](marios12.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 4](marios4.html)*** | ***[Stage 13](marios13.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 5](marios5.html)*** | ***[Stage 14](marios14.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 6](marios6.html)*** | ***[Stage 15](marios15.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 7](marios7.html)*** | ***[Boswer in the Dark World](mariob1.html)*** | ***[Secret Stars](mariosc.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 8](marios8.html)*** | ***[Bowser in the Fire Sea](mariob2.html)*** | ***[Switches](marioswi.html)*** |
| ***[Stage 9](marios9.html)*** | ***[Bowser in the Sky](mariob3.html)*** | ***[Ending](marioend.html)*** |
| starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
starstar
|
| |
| --- |
| [Click here to download the complete walkthrough(26.1KB
.ZIP format)](mario64.zip) |
|
[Click here to listen to Mario's greeting!(25.0KB
.WAV format)](marios3.wav)
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| sleeping mario | ***Story*** |
Mario was invited by Princess Daisy to her castle to have cake together. When Mario arrived, he cannot find Princess Daisy... since she was captured by Bowser! Control Mario with your N64 joystick to collect Power Stars to rescue Princess Daisy!
| | |
| --- | --- |
| star | ***Power Stars*** |
Mario can collect power stars in different stages and in the castle, as he try to save Princess Daisy. Once Mario collect 70 stars, he can fight with the final Bowser. However, there are 120 power stars in total:
* In each of the 15 stages, there are 6 stars and an extra star when Mario collects 100 coins in that stage.
* The rest 15 [secret stars](mariosc.html) are hidden somewhere in the castle.
**( 6+ 1) x 15 + 15= 120**
Once Mario collects all 120 stars, he can see his old friend Yoshi!
| | |
| --- | --- |
| red ! | ***Red, Green and Blue ! Boxes*** |
These boxes contain caps that give Mario special power.
**Red !** allows Mario to fly, **green !** turns Mario into metallic and **blue !** makes Mario transparent. However, they can only be used after Mario had pressed their particular [switches,](marioswi.html) which are hidden, in the castle.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | ***The 15 Stages*** |
There are 15 stages in this game. Each stage contain 6 stars. Sometimes Mario collects stars directly, sometimes after defeating a boss, passing certain secret places or collects 8 red coins. There is also an extra star when Mario collects 100 coins in each stage.
* Stage 1 - [Bob-omb Battlefield](marios1.html)* Stage 2 - [Whomp's Fortress](marios2.html)* Stage 3 - [Jolly Roger Bay](marios3.html)* Stage 4 - [Cool, Cool Mountain](marios4.html)* Stage 5 - [Big Boo's Haunt](marios5.html)* Stage 6 - [Hazy Maze Cave](marios6.html)* Stage 7 - [Lethal Lava Land](marios7.html)* Stage 8 - [Shifting Sand Land](marios8.html)* Stage 9 - [Dire, Dire Docks](marios9.html)* Stage 10 - [Snowman's Land](marios10.html)* Stage 11 - [Wet-Dry World](marios11.html)* Stage 12 - [Tall, Tall Mountain](marios12.html)* Stage 13 - [Tiny, Huge Island](marios13.html)* Stage 14 - [Tick Tock Clock](marios14.html)* Stage 15 - [Rainbow Ride](marios15.html)
| | |
| --- | --- |
| Bowser | ***Bowser*** |
Mario has to defeat Bowser three times. After defeating the first one, Mario gets the 1st key to the basement. The second one holds the key to the third floor. Defeat the last one to save Princess Daisy and watch the nice [ending](marioend.html)!
* [Bowser in the Dark World](mariob1.html)* [Bowser in the Fire Sea](mariob2.html)* [Bowser in the Sky](mariob3.html)
| http://geocities.ws/sherlocklook/guia/mario/ |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>GNU plus Linux</title>
<meta name="description" content="I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux."/>
<style>
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<h1>GNU plus Linux</h1>
<br>
<img src="stallman.jpg">
<br>
<hr>
<h2>
I'd just like to interject for a moment.<br> What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux. Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component of a fully functioning GNU system made useful by the GNU corelibs, shell utilities and vital system components comprising a full OS as defined by POSIX.
Many computer users run a modified version of the GNU system every day, without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version of GNU which is widely used today is often called Linux, and many of its users are not aware that it is basically the GNU system, developed by the GNU Project. There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is just a part of the system they use.
Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machines resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is normally used in combination with the GNU operating system: the whole system is basically GNU with Linux added, or GNU/Linux. All the so-called Linux distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux.
</h2>
<hr>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
GNU plus Linux
h1 {color: blue; text-align: center; font-size: 40px;}
h2 {text-align: center;}
div { width: 900px; margin: 50px auto;}
img {display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;}
# GNU plus Linux
---
##
I'd just like to interject for a moment. What you're referring to as Linux, is in fact, GNU/Linux, or as I've recently taken to calling it, GNU plus Linux. Linux is not an operating system unto itself, but rather another free component of a fully functioning GNU system made useful by the GNU corelibs, shell utilities and vital system components comprising a full OS as defined by POSIX.
Many computer users run a modified version of the GNU system every day, without realizing it. Through a peculiar turn of events, the version of GNU which is widely used today is often called Linux, and many of its users are not aware that it is basically the GNU system, developed by the GNU Project. There really is a Linux, and these people are using it, but it is just a part of the system they use.
Linux is the kernel: the program in the system that allocates the machines resources to the other programs that you run. The kernel is an essential part of an operating system, but useless by itself; it can only function in the context of a complete operating system. Linux is normally used in combination with the GNU operating system: the whole system is basically GNU with Linux added, or GNU/Linux. All the so-called Linux distributions are really distributions of GNU/Linux.
---
| http://boredmob.com/dump/gnu/ |
<head>
<html>
<title>[email protected] homepage</title>
</head>
<body bgcolor="#ffff7f">
<center><h1>Welcome to subiaco's homepage!</h1></center>
<p><img src="COLORBAR.GIF">
<p>What's here:
<p><img src="ARROW.GIF"><a href="GREG/">Greg's Homepage</a>
<p><img src="ARROW.GIF"><a href="ERIN/">Erin's Horse Homepage</a>
<p><img src="ARROW.GIF"><a href="BIOLOGY/">Greg's Honors Biology Page</a>
<p><img src="COLORBAR.GIF">
<p><img src="ARROW.GIF"><a href="hammerdance/">The Hammerdance Webpage</a>
<p><img src="ARROW.GIF"><a href="na/">Nickel Arcade</a>
<p><img src="COLORBAR.GIF">
<p>Email me! <a href="mailto:[email protected]"><img src="EMAIL.GIF"></a>
<p><img src="CNSTRUCT.GIF"> This page is under construction!
</body>
</html>
|
[email protected] homepage
# Welcome to subiaco's homepage!
What's here:
[Greg's Homepage](GREG/)
[Erin's Horse Homepage](ERIN/)
[Greg's Honors Biology Page](BIOLOGY/)
[The Hammerdance Webpage](hammerdance/)
[Nickel Arcade](na/)
Email me! [](mailto:[email protected])
 This page is under construction!
| http://greg-kennedy.com/history/ |
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Planet3-dfx Home Page |
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|
**[Planet
3-D FX Site Map](SiteMap.htm)** |
| http://planet3dfx.com/ |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="Content-Type" CONTENT="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
<TITLE>1000 Days Uptime</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#CCCC99">
<CENTER><H2>1000 Days of Uptime for NS0.ARPA.NET</H2></CENTER>
<TABLE BORDER=1 ALIGN=right><TR><TD><IMG SRC="cake.jpg" WIDTH=300 HEIGHT=200 ALT="cake that says NS0.ARPA.NET 1000 DAYS UPTIME"></TD></TR></TABLE>
Host <SAMP>NS0.ARPA.NET</SAMP> reached 1000 days of continuous uptime on
20 May 2001. What to do, other than get a cake for the occasion? Yum!
<BR CLEAR=all>
<P>
Here is a view of the console terminal attached to this Sun SPARC IPX,
which was up since 24 August 1998:<P>
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=1><TR><TD><IMG SRC="console.jpg" WIDTH=512 HEIGHT=384 ALT="console terminal"></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER><P>
As you can see from the <SAMP>ps</SAMP> output there wasn't a lot
going on, which is a big reason this computer was able to stay up for
so long. A lack of power outages helps, too. :-) The computers we
actually rely upon for ARPA.NET services run newer operating systems
on newer hardware, and they are rebooted as needed to complete the
installation of kernel patches.<P>
Regrettably, just 9 days after this event an unplanned power
outage in the machine room put an end to the uptime experiment.
<SAMP>NS0.ARPA.NET</SAMP> has since been retired.<P>
Want so see more? Download an <A HREF="uptime1000.mpg">11-second MPEG movie</A>
(1.5 MB) showing the login and uptime command in the above picture.
<CENTER><H2>1000 Days of Uptime for LL.ARPA.NET</H2></CENTER>
<SAMP>LL.ARPA.NET</SAMP> is a Sun Fire V240, actively hosting a DNS
server and a game server for 1000 continuous days.<P>
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=1><TR><TD><IMG SRC="ll1000.gif" WIDTH=652 HEIGHT=124 ALT="console terminal"></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER><P>
<HR>
<CENTER>[ <A HREF=".">Home</A> ]</CENTER>
</BODY>
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|
1000 Days Uptime
## 1000 Days of Uptime for NS0.ARPA.NET
| |
| --- |
| cake that says NS0.ARPA.NET 1000 DAYS UPTIME |
Host `NS0.ARPA.NET` reached 1000 days of continuous uptime on
20 May 2001. What to do, other than get a cake for the occasion? Yum!
Here is a view of the console terminal attached to this Sun SPARC IPX,
which was up since 24 August 1998:
| |
| --- |
| console terminal |
As you can see from the `ps` output there wasn't a lot
going on, which is a big reason this computer was able to stay up for
so long. A lack of power outages helps, too. :-) The computers we
actually rely upon for ARPA.NET services run newer operating systems
on newer hardware, and they are rebooted as needed to complete the
installation of kernel patches.
Regrettably, just 9 days after this event an unplanned power
outage in the machine room put an end to the uptime experiment.
`NS0.ARPA.NET` has since been retired.
Want so see more? Download an [11-second MPEG movie](uptime1000.mpg)
(1.5 MB) showing the login and uptime command in the above picture.
## 1000 Days of Uptime for LL.ARPA.NET
`LL.ARPA.NET` is a Sun Fire V240, actively hosting a DNS
server and a game server for 1000 continuous days.
| |
| --- |
| console terminal |
---
[ [Home](.) ]
| http://www.arpa.net/1000days.html |
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1950's British TV Nostalgia
This website uses frames
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<p align="center"><font color="#FFFF00" size="7"><strong><font color="#FFFFCC">Quake
II Players<br>
</font></strong></font><font color="#FFFFCC" size="5"><strong>Supported by the
AET Server</strong></font></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#FFFF00" size="4"><strong><img
src="q2logo.gif" width="120" height="100"></strong></font></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#FF0000" size="6"><strong>WELCOME TO OUR PLAYERS
PAGE</strong></font><font
color="#FFFF00" size="4"><strong><br>
<font color="#FFFFFF">Last Updated 18th December 2004</font><br>
</strong></font></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#FFFF00" size="4"><strong><font color="#FFFFCC">All
the players below are supported by the AET server (except those which state
"Not Supported"). If you have any which are not listed here and you
would like to see them supported, please feel free to email us with the details
and it will be added to the server if possible. Some of the players are missing
sound files. If you have them please let us know so we can update this page
with a newer version.</font></strong></font></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#FFFFCC" size="4"><strong>You should save these
downloads into your main Quake 2 directory (e.g. c:\quake2). They are self-extracting
executables. If they are saved into the right place, they will automatically
put all the files into the right places. </strong></font></p>
<p align="center"><font color="#FFFFCC" size="4"><strong>Do come back and check
if the one you want isn't here yet. Please let us know of any errors that occur
with these files (including game runtime errors).<br>
You can contact us either via</strong></font><font color="#FFFF00" size="4"><strong>
<a href="http://www.aetnet.co.uk/chat"><font color="#00FF00">Quakechat</font></a>
<font color="#FFFFCC">or email </font><a href="mailto:[email protected]"><font color="#00FF00">[email protected]</font></a><font color="#FFFFCC">
or</font> <a href="mailto:[email protected]"><font color="#00FF00">[email protected]</font></a></strong></font></p>
<div align="center"><center>
<table border="0" width="700">
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="actionmale-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">ACTIONMALE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('actionmale.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/actionmale.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="alien-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">ALIEN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('alien.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/alien.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="awolf-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">AWOLF<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('awolf.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/awolf.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="babyboom-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BABYBOOM<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('babyboom.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/babyboom.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="barrels-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BARRELS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('barrels.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/barrels.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="bear-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BEAR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('bear.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bear.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="bfg-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BFG<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('bfg.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bfg.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="bird-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BIRD<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('bird.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bird.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="blade-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BLADE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('blade.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/blade.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="bnana-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BNANA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('bnana.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bnana.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="boba%20fett-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BOBA FETT<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('boba fett.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bobafett.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="bomberman-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">BOMBERMAN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('bomberman.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/bomberman.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="caleb-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CALEB<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('caleb.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/caleb.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="calvin-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CALVIN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('calvin.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/calvin.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="chastity-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CHASTITY<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('chastity.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/chastity.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="chicken-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CHICKEN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('chicken.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/chicken.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="chickenman-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CHICKENMAN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('chickenman.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/chickenman.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="commandr-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">COMMANDR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('commandr.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/commandr.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<div align="center"><script type="text/javascript"><!--
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google_color_text = "000000";
//--></script>
<script type="text/javascript"
src="http://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js">
</script></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="corpse-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CORPSE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('corpse.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/corpse.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="cows-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">COWS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('cows.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/cows.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="crakhor-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CRAKHOR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('crakhor.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/crakhor.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="cyborg-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">CYBORG<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('cyborg.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/cyborg.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="dalek-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DALEK<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('dalek.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/dalek.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="darth%20maul-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DARTH MAUL<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('darth maul.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/darthmaul.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="darth%20vader-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DARTH VADER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('darth vader.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/darthvader.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="demoness-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DEMONESS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('demoness.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/demoness.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="devi-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DEVI<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('devi.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/devi.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="doomunls-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DOOMUNLS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('doomunls.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/doomunls.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="drfreak-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DRFREAK<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('drfreak.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/drfreak.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="droid-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DROID<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('droid.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/droid.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="droideka-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">DROIDEKA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('droideka.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/droideka.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="faerie-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">FAERIE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('faerie.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/faerie.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="female-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">FEMALE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('female.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/female.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="fwwolf-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">FWWOLF<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('fwwolf.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/fwwolf.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="gladiatr-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">GLADIATR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('gladiatr.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/gladiatr.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="grm-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">GRM<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('grm.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/grm.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="hand-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">HAND<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('hand.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/hand.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="hellspawn-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">HELLSPAWN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('hellspawn.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/hellspawn.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="homer-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">HOMER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('homer.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/homer.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="hunter-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">HUNTER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('hunter.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/hunter.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="ichabod-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">ICHABOD<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('ichabod.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/ichabod.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="idg1-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">IDG1<font size="4"><br>
(not yet avaiable)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('idg1.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/idg1.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="idg2-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">IDG2<font size="4"><br>
(not yet available)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('idg2.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/idg2.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="idg3-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">IDG3<font size="4"><br>
(not yet available)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('idg3.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/idg3.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="insect-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">INSECT<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('insect.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onClick="javascript:location='downloads/insect.exe'" name="button"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="invader-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">INVADER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('invader.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/invader.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="jack-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">JACK<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('jack.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/jack.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="jd-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">JD<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('jd.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/jd.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="jimmy-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">JIMMY<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('jimmy.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/jimmy.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="jorg-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">JORG<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('jorg.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/jorg.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="jthm-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">JTHM<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('jthm.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/jthm.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"> <img src="klauz-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"> </p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">KLAUZ<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('klauz.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/klauz.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
<div align="center"><script type="text/javascript"><!--
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<script type="text/javascript"
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</script></div>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="laalaa-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">LAALAA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('laalaa.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/laalaa.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="ladedeth-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">LADEDETH<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('ladedeth.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/ladedeth.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="legos-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">LEGOS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('legos.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/legos.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="lordmaul-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">LORDMAUL<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('lordmaul.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/lordmaul.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="m-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">M<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('m.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/m.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="madpear-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MADPEAR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('madpear.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/madpear.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="magikoopa-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MAGIKOOPA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('magikoopa.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/magikoopa.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="male-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MALE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('male.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/male.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="manuelc-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MANUELC<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('manuelc.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/manuelc.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="marine-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MARINE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('marine.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/marine.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mario-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MARIO<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mario.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mario.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="martian-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MARTIAN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('martian.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/martian.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="marvinmartian-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MARVINMARTIAN<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('marvinmartian.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/marvinmartian.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mask-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MASK<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mask.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mask.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="massm-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MASSM<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('massm.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/massm.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="max-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MAX<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('max.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/max.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mcclane-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MCCLANE<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mcclane.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mcclane.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mdl-tigger-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MDL-TIGGER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mdl-tigger.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mdl-tigger.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mercy-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MERCY<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mercy.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mercy.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="mobmob-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MOBMOB<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('mobmob.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/mobmob.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="monkey-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MONKEY<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('monkey.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/monkey.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="morticus-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">MORTICUS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('morticus.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/morticus.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="nana-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">NANA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('nana.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/nana.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="necromicus-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">NECROMICUS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('necromicus.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/necromicus.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="ogro-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">OGRO<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('ogro.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/ogro.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="pknight-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">PKNIGHT<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('pknight.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/pknight.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-hueteotl-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Hueteotl<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-hueteotl.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-hueteotl.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-karrot-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Karrot<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-karrot.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-karrot.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-samhain-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Samhain<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-samhain.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-samhain.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-sheep-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Sheep<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-sheep.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-sheep.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-silverbolt-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Silverbolt<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-silverbol.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-silverbolt.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-skydive-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Skydive<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-skydive.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-skydive.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="4">
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</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-storm-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Storm<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-storm.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-storm.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-tankrat-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Tankrat<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-tankrat.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-tankrat.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="q2mdl-wham-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">Q2Mdl-Wham<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('q2mdl-wham.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/q2mdl-wham.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="r2d2-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">R2D2<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('r2d2.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/r2d2.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="rabbit-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">RABBIT<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('rabbit.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/rabbit.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="ranger-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">RANGER<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('ranger.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/ranger.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="raptor-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">RAPTOR<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('raptor.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/raptor.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="ratamahatta-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">RATAMAHATTA<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('ratamahatta.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/ratamahatta.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="robocop-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">ROBOCOP<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('robocop.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/robocop.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="robot-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">ROBOT<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('robot.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/robot.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="sas-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">SAS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('sas.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/sas.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="sas-chris-s.jpg"
width="150" height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">SAS-CHRIS<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('sas-chris.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/sas-chris.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="slith-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">SLITH<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('slith.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/slith.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="snoopy-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">SNOOPY<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('snoopy.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value="Download Now"
onclick="javascript:location='downloads/snoopy.exe'"
>
</p>
<p></p>
</form>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<p align="center"><img src="snork-s.jpg" width="150"
height="150"></p>
</td>
<td>
<p align="left"><font color="#FFFF00" size="5">SNORK<font size="4"><br>
(Last Updated 29/5/3)</font></font></p>
<form>
<p align="left">
<input type="button"
value=" View Full Size "
onclick="NewWindow('snork.jpg','name','800','600','no');return false;">
</p>
</form>
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<html>
<head>
<title>Stomatopod behavior</title>
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<td width="386" rowspan="2"><img src="bannertitlesm.gif" width="386" height="43" alt="Secrets of the Stomatopod—An Underwater Research Adventure"></td>
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<H2><i>Stomatopod Behavior: What </i>DO<i> you do?</i></H2><br>
Differences in the <A HREF="raps.html">raptorial appendages</a> have led to different behaviors. Spearers that dig burrows in soft substrates tend not to be highly aggressive in defending those burrows—they would rather dig a new burrow than fight over the old one.
<p>
<img SRC="threat2.jpg" width="307" height="232" border="2" alt="Stomatopod threat display"><br>
<span class="caption">One of the stomatopods collected during the mission giving a threat display</span>
</td>
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<img SRC="twopods2.jpg" width="357" height="228" border="2" alt="Two stomatopods"><br>
<span class="caption">Two stomatopods eye each other before fighting for the cavity in the rock.</span>
<p>
In contrast, smashers are more likely to be found in pre-existing burrows in hard substrates. Such burrows are often in short supply and stomatopods must compete aggressively for them. Their lethal raptorial appendages provide effective weapons for acquiring and defending these homes.
<p>
With the evolution of such potent weapons comes the development of sophisticated communication and sensory systems to provide information about similarly armed opponents. Stomatopods are capable of learning a variety of everyday tasks from what size prey can be opened most efficiently to what route to take to get back to their burrow.
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Stomatopod behavior
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | Secrets of the Stomatopod—An Underwater Research Adventure | Stomatopod |
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| *Stomatopod Behavior: What* DO *you do?*
Differences in the [raptorial appendages](raps.html) have led to different behaviors. Spearers that dig burrows in soft substrates tend not to be highly aggressive in defending those burrows—they would rather dig a new burrow than fight over the old one.
Stomatopod threat display
One of the stomatopods collected during the mission giving a threat display
| Two stomatopods
Two stomatopods eye each other before fighting for the cavity in the rock.
In contrast, smashers are more likely to be found in pre-existing burrows in hard substrates. Such burrows are often in short supply and stomatopods must compete aggressively for them. Their lethal raptorial appendages provide effective weapons for acquiring and defending these homes.
With the evolution of such potent weapons comes the development of sophisticated communication and sensory systems to provide information about similarly armed opponents. Stomatopods are capable of learning a variety of everyday tasks from what size prey can be opened most efficiently to what route to take to get back to their burrow.
|
|
|
The Mission: [Aquarius](aquarius.html) |
[Signals](signals.html) |
[Monogamy](monogamy.html) |
[Larvae](larvae.html) |
[Scientists](scientists.html)
Stomatopods: [Evolution](evolution.html) |
**Behavior** |
[Vision](vision.html)
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<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Knuckleschaotix.net - The Ultimate Knuckles Chaotix page </TITLE><META content="Knuckles Chaotix information" name=description><META content="Knuckles, Chaotix" name=keywords><META content="shinsachiel" name=author><STYLE>A:link, A:visited {text-decoration: none;color: #00FFFF;}A:hover {text-decoration: none;color: #D6D6D6;}TD.menu {font-family:tahoma;font-size:9px;color: #FFFFFF}</STYLE><body background="back.jpg"><TABLE CELLSPACING="3" CELLPADDING="0"><TR><TD COLSPAN="2"></A></TD></TR><TR><TD COLSPAN="2"><TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="2" WIDTH="760"><TR><TD BGCOLOR="#000000" WIDTH="756"></TD></TR></TABLE></TD></TR><TR><TD BGCOLOR="#000000" WIDTH="155" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT= 100%"><TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="2"><TR><TD WIDTH="124" VALIGN="TOP"><TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" HEIGHT="150%"><TR><TD BGCOLOR="#000000" VALIGN="TOP" HEIGHT="295" WIDTH="250" class=menu><HR SIZE="1" COLOR="#FFFFFF" WIDTH="10%"><UL><h3><li>----------<LI><a href="index.htm"><b>Introduction</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="new.htm"><b>What's new?</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="games.html"><b>Games</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="char.html"><b>Characters</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="scans.htm"><b>Chaotix instructions and articles</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="cheat.html"><b>Cheats</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="images.htm"><b>Chaotix Fan Art</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="fancom.htm"><b>Fan Chaotix comics</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="video.htm"><b>Fan Chaotix videos and flashes</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="stories.htm"><b>Fan Fiction</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="music.htm"><b>Music</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="sonicx.htm"><b>Chaotix - Sonic X</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="tomorrow.htm"><b>Chaotix of Tomorrow</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="twisted.htm"><b>Twisted Mettle (Chaotix of Tomorrow continues!)</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="fom.htm"><b>Forces of Mobius (the final chapter!)</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="hack.htm"><b>Chaotix Hacks</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="comics.htm"><b>Chaotix Comics</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="other.htm"><b>Other Sonic Comics</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="poll.htm"><b>Chaotix Opinions</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="links.htm"><b>Links</b></a><b></b></a><li>----------<LI><a href="about.htm"><b>About this homepage</b></a></b></a><b></b></a></UL></TD></TR></TABLE></TD></TR></TABLE></TD></h3><TD WIDTH="640" VALIGN="TOP"><TABLE CELLSPACING="2" CELLPADDING="0" WIDTH="635"><TR><TD BGCOLOR="#000000"><FONT FACE="arial" SIZE="2" COLOR="#ffffff"><br><center><IMG SRC="chaotix_cover.JPG"><H3>Knuckles Chaotix - the Unofficial Homepage</H3><h3>Last update: July 23rd, 2021<br><h3>You are visitor <script type="text/javascript" src="//counter.websiteout.net/js/2/0/1034005/0"></script> since August 16th, 2004.</h3>
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| Knuckles Chaotix - the Unofficial HomepageLast update: July 23rd, 2021You are visitor since August 16th, 2004.
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<h2><a href="pavilion/foyer.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/afactor.gif" width="32" height="32" align="bottom" border="0" alt="" /></a> <font color="#6666cc"><b>The Iconolog</b></font><br />
<font size="+1">the art of virtual litter</font></h2>
<p><a href="web.html"><img src="gifs/gizmos/l_web_lite.gif" width="455" height="32" border="0" align="top" alt="---ooo--- web travel ---ooo---" /></a></p>
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<td align="center"></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<!-- <table align="center" width="500"><tr><td align="justify">
<strong>The Iconolog has been online since 1995, on the 14th March, 2005, the collection moved to a new home. The previous .net domain has no connection with The Iconolog & is currently displaying a stolen copy of the collection. Please update any links to The Iconolog to the new domain, <a href="http://www.iconolog.org/" style="text-decoration:none ">iconolog.org</a>.
</strong>
</td></tr></table> -->
<dl>
<dt><a href="iconoweb.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/web_centre_lite.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="iconoweb.html"><b>Welcome</b></a> to The Iconoweb </dt>
<dd><i><strong>A graphics collection devoted to the 32x32 icon & the art of Iconography</strong></i><br />
<div class="margTop"><strong>2007</strong>
The Iconolog has been updated, maintenance was overdue & I apologise to anyone inconvenienced in the interim.</div>
<em style="color:#996666">The Iconolog was originally housed on iconolog.net, it is no longer connected in any way to this domain, or almost any way, the domain is still using, without permission, The Iconolog favicon</em><br />
<em>Online midnight 31 December, 1995</em>
</dd>
<dt><a href="giffed/index.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/afactor.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="giffed/index.html"><b>.GIF collection</b></a> </dt>
<dd><b>The Best of The Iconolog</b><br />
<i>The ongoing collection in .gif format, now 7419 icons.</i></dd>
<dt><a href="ico/index.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/afactor.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="ico/index.html"><b>.ICO collection</b></a> </dt>
<dd><b>The original windows collection</b><br />
<i>22,963 icons in .ico format, win 16 color palette, no long file/directory names</i></dd>
<dt><a href="newIcons/newIcons.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/recycle.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="newIcons/newIcons.html"><b>Recycled Icons</b></a> </dt>
<dd><b>Recent additions</b> to the collection in gif format<br />
The major criteria for addition to the collection are that the icon portrays something not already present or that it is the work of an iconographer not yet represented.</dd>
<dt><a href="info/colors.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/color0e.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="info/colors.html"><b>Color Palette</b></a>. </dt>
<dt><a href="info/contributors.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/artist.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="info/contributors.html"><b>Contributors</b></a>. </dt>
<dt><a href="info/miscellany.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/info.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="info/miscellany.html"><b>Miscellany</b></a>. </dt>
<dt><img src="gifs/gizmos/space32.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="info/versions.html"><b>Versions</b></a>. </dt>
<!-- <dt><img src="gifs/gizmos/space32.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="info/links.html"><b>Links / Resources</b></a>.</dt>
--> <dt><img src="gifs/gizmos/space32.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /> <a href="info/faq.html"><b>FAQ</b></a>.</dt>
</dl>
<dl>
<dt><a href="info/spotlLightLinks.html"><img src="gifs/gizmos/buttonSpotlight.gif" width="88" height="31" border="0" alt="The Iconolog Spotlight Link" /></a> <a href="info/spotlLightLinks.html"><b>Spotlight Links</b></a> </dt>
</dl>
<a name="links" id="links"></a>
<dl>
<dt><a href="sites/index.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/browse.gif" width="32" height="32" align="bottom" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="sites/index.html"><b>Site to Site</b></a> </dt>
<dd>Icon sites on the web.</dd>
</dl>
<hr width="80%" />
<a name="midPage" id="midPage"></a>
<dl>
<dt><a href="giffed/catGraphics/index.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/sign_icons.gif" width="32" height="32" align="bottom" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="giffed/catGraphics/index.html"><b>The Iconolog GIF collection</b></a> </dt>
<dd>Category Index: An example icon from every display category of The Iconolog. Intended to give some indication of the range & sources of the collection & the method of display.
</dd><dt><a href="adapted/slideshow/index.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/sign_slides.gif" width="32" height="32" align="bottom" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="adapted/slideshow/index.html"><b>The Iconolog Slideshow</b></a> </dt>
<dd>Display pages using animated gifs to flick through the .GIF collection.
</dd></dl>
<hr width="80%" />
<dl>
<dt><a href="pavilion/iconHall.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/sign_hall.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a>
<a href="pavilion/iconHall.html"><b>Iconoweb Icon Exhibition Hall</b></a>. </dt>
<dd>¤ <a href="adapted/32x32/32x32.html">adapted by afactor</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="aicons/index.html">Anthony's Icon Library</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="kitchen/coffee/coffeeicons/coffeeicons.html">The Coffee Cantata</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="IP/index.html">Icons by Colin Mummery</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="iconde/index.html">Icons by David Edwards</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="KK/index.html">Kenichi Kasho</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="mccanna/index.html">Laura McCanna</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="MIV/index.html">Mark's Icon Vault</a>.</dd>
<dd>¤ <a href="musashi/index.html">Musashis Cat Inn</a>.</dd>
<dt><a href="info/iconAscii.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/ascii.gif" width="32" height="32" align="absmiddle" vspace="2" border="0" alt="" /></a> <a href="info/iconAscii.html"><b>Icon Ascii</b></a>. </dt>
</dl>
<hr width="80%" />
<table align="center">
<tr>
<td class="credit" nowrap="nowrap">
<a href="http://www.afactor.net" target="_top" onmouseout="MM_swapImgRestore()" onmouseover="MM_swapImage('favIcon','','gifs/gizmos/acomFavion.gif',1)"><img src="gifs/gizmos/chop16.gif" alt="A" title="hosted by afactor.net" name="favIcon" width="16" height="16" align="absbottom" border="0" id="favIcon" /></a>
<a href="http://www.afactor.net/" class="noDec" target="_top" title="hosted by afactor.net"><font color="#000080">adapted by afactor</font></a>
<font color="#000080"><font size="-1">Online</font> 31 Dec 1995
<a href="info/c.html" class="noDec" target="_top"><font color="#000080">©</font></a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="center"><a href="pavilion/foyer.html"><img src="gifs/gifs/p_off.gif" width="32" height="32" border="0" vspace="5" alt="[ Turn The Iconolog display screen off ]" /></a></p>
</td>
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The Iconolog : The Art of Virtual Litter
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//-->
## **The Iconolog**
the art of virtual litter
[](web.html)
| |
| --- |
| |
|
[**Welcome**](iconoweb.html) to The Iconoweb
***A graphics collection devoted to the 32x32 icon & the art of Iconography***
**2007**
The Iconolog has been updated, maintenance was overdue & I apologise to anyone inconvenienced in the interim.
*The Iconolog was originally housed on iconolog.net, it is no longer connected in any way to this domain, or almost any way, the domain is still using, without permission, The Iconolog favicon*
*Online midnight 31 December, 1995*
[**.GIF collection**](giffed/index.html)
**The Best of The Iconolog**
*The ongoing collection in .gif format, now 7419 icons.*
[**.ICO collection**](ico/index.html)
**The original windows collection**
*22,963 icons in .ico format, win 16 color palette, no long file/directory names*
[**Recycled Icons**](newIcons/newIcons.html)
**Recent additions** to the collection in gif format
The major criteria for addition to the collection are that the icon portrays something not already present or that it is the work of an iconographer not yet represented.
[**Color Palette**](info/colors.html).
[**Contributors**](info/contributors.html).
[**Miscellany**](info/miscellany.html).
[**Versions**](info/versions.html).
[**FAQ**](info/faq.html).
[The Iconolog Spotlight Link](info/spotlLightLinks.html) [**Spotlight Links**](info/spotlLightLinks.html)
[**Site to Site**](sites/index.html)
Icon sites on the web.
---
[**The Iconolog GIF collection**](giffed/catGraphics/index.html)
Category Index: An example icon from every display category of The Iconolog. Intended to give some indication of the range & sources of the collection & the method of display.
[**The Iconolog Slideshow**](adapted/slideshow/index.html)
Display pages using animated gifs to flick through the .GIF collection.
---
[**Iconoweb Icon Exhibition Hall**](pavilion/iconHall.html).
¤ [adapted by afactor](adapted/32x32/32x32.html).
¤ [Anthony's Icon Library](aicons/index.html).
¤ [The Coffee Cantata](kitchen/coffee/coffeeicons/coffeeicons.html).
¤ [Icons by Colin Mummery](IP/index.html).
¤ [Icons by David Edwards](iconde/index.html).
¤ [Kenichi Kasho](KK/index.html).
¤ [Laura McCanna](mccanna/index.html).
¤ [Mark's Icon Vault](MIV/index.html).
¤ [Musashis Cat Inn](musashi/index.html).
[**Icon Ascii**](info/iconAscii.html).
---
| |
| --- |
| [A](http://www.afactor.net)
[adapted by afactor](http://www.afactor.net/ "hosted by afactor.net")
Online 31 Dec 1995
[©](info/c.html)
|
[[ Turn The Iconolog display screen off ]](pavilion/foyer.html) |
| http://cs.gettysburg.edu/~duncjo01/archive/icons/iconolog/ |
McLaren & Fitz Gerald 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Park, 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Urai & Humphreys 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Wilson & Marmo 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.<HTML>
<HEAD>
<TITLE>Metamorphic Petrology; Geology 102C</TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#ffffff">
note: as of 09/2001, some images herein borrowed from other websites have not been credited
<HR>
<BR><A HREF="part1.html">Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part2.html">Part 2. Introduction to Metamorphism</a>
<BR><A HREF="part3.html">Part 3. Physical Processes of Metamorphism</a>
<BR><A HREF="part4.html">Part 4. Introductory Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part5.html">Part 5. Ultramafic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part6.html">Part 6. Mafic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part7.html">Part 7. Pelitic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part8.html">Part 8. Diffusion</a>
<BR><A HREF="part9.html">Part 9. Thermobarometry</a>
<BR><A HREF="part10.html">Part 10. Kinetics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part11.html">Part 11. Interaction Between Metamorphism and Deformation</a>
<BR><A HREF="part12.html">Part 12. Metamorphism and Geochronology</a>
<BR><A HREF="part13.html">Part 13. Metamorphism and Tectonics I</a>
<BR><A HREF="part14.html">Part 14. Metamorphism and Tectonics II</a>
<BR><A HREF="http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/~hacker/geo124T/lecture.html"> Thermodynamics Notes</a>
<HR>
<H2>Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics</H2>
<B>Read Chapter 7 of <I>An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology</I> by Bruce Yardley </B>
<B>or Chapter 21 of <I>Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology</I> by John Winter</B>
<B>or Chapter 1 of <I>Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology</I> by Philpotts</B>
<P>The Earth is divided into tectonic plates. The motion of these plates is dictated largely by metamorphic petrology--principally the pressure-induced transformation of relatively low density minerals into high density minerals.
<BR><img src="plates.jpg">
<sub>(from http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/)</sub>
<P>The various plate-tectonic regimes of the Earth cause rocks to experience a broad range of pressures and temperatures, which leads to a broad range of metamorphic minerals and metamorphic rock types.
<BR><img src="faciesTectonics.jpg">
<BR><B>cratons</B> (green): cratons are stable and relatively cold, with 'normal' thermal gradients of ~20 K/km.
<BR><B>orogens</B> (red-orange): orogens are sites where crustal thickening, magmatism and radioactive elements lead to high temperatures, producing Barrovian metamorphism.
<BR><B>cooling orogens</B> (orange): post-orogenic crustal thinning and cessation of magmatism lead to cooling to a normal thermal gradient.
<BR><B>mid-ocean ridges</B> (red-orange): sea water is drawn into ocean crust around seafloor spreading centers, heated, and expelled back into the ocean, low P/T metamorphism (LP).
<BR><img src="MOR.jpg">
<BR><B>ophiolite soles</B> (red): are thrust zones beneath very hot oceanic lithosphere emplaced onto passive continental margins; in contrast to other low P/T metamorphism, inverted metamorphic gradients form because the emplacement rate is rapid compared to the rate at which the extreme heat is conducted away.
<BR><B>subduction zones</B> (blue): rapid subduction advects cold material into the mantle, producing high P/T metamorphism (HP).
<BR><img src="islandArc.jpg">
<P><B>continent-continent collisions</B>: rapid crustal thickening produces high temperatures at moderate temperatures, followed by cooling
<BR><img src="IndiaAsiaTopo.jpg"><sub>(from http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/)</sub>
<P><B>ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism</B>: small pieces of continental material subducted to as much as 200 km are eventually regurgitated, leading to ultrahigh P/T metamorphism
<BR><img src="faciesTectonicsHighP.jpg">
<HR>
<BR><A HREF="part1.html">Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part2.html">Part 2. Introduction to Metamorphism</a>
<BR><A HREF="part3.html">Part 3. Physical Processes of Metamorphism</a>
<BR><A HREF="part4.html">Part 4. Introductory Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part5.html">Part 5. Ultramafic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part6.html">Part 6. Mafic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part7.html">Part 7. Pelitic Rocks</a>
<BR><A HREF="part8.html">Part 8. Diffusion</a>
<BR><A HREF="part9.html">Part 9. Thermobarometry</a>
<BR><A HREF="part10.html">Part 10. Kinetics</a>
<BR><A HREF="part11.html">Part 11. Interaction Between Metamorphism and Deformation</a>
<BR><A HREF="part12.html">Part 12. Metamorphism and Geochronology</a>
<BR><A HREF="part13.html">Part 13. Metamorphism and Tectonics I</a>
<BR><A HREF="part14.html">Part 14. Metamorphism and Tectonics II</a>
<BR><A HREF="http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/~hacker/geo124T/lecture.html"> Thermodynamics Notes</a>
</BODY>
</HTML>
| McLaren & Fitz Gerald 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Park, 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Urai & Humphreys 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Wilson & Marmo 2000. In Vol. 2, Journal of the Virtual Explorer.
Metamorphic Petrology; Geology 102C
note: as of 09/2001, some images herein borrowed from other websites have not been credited
---
[Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics](part1.html)
[Part 2. Introduction to Metamorphism](part2.html)
[Part 3. Physical Processes of Metamorphism](part3.html)
[Part 4. Introductory Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics](part4.html)
[Part 5. Ultramafic Rocks](part5.html)
[Part 6. Mafic Rocks](part6.html)
[Part 7. Pelitic Rocks](part7.html)
[Part 8. Diffusion](part8.html)
[Part 9. Thermobarometry](part9.html)
[Part 10. Kinetics](part10.html)
[Part 11. Interaction Between Metamorphism and Deformation](part11.html)
[Part 12. Metamorphism and Geochronology](part12.html)
[Part 13. Metamorphism and Tectonics I](part13.html)
[Part 14. Metamorphism and Tectonics II](part14.html)
[Thermodynamics Notes](http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/~hacker/geo124T/lecture.html)
---
## Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics
**Read Chapter 7 of *An Introduction to Metamorphic Petrology* by Bruce Yardley**
**or Chapter 21 of *Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology* by John Winter**
**or Chapter 1 of *Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology* by Philpotts**
The Earth is divided into tectonic plates. The motion of these plates is dictated largely by metamorphic petrology--principally the pressure-induced transformation of relatively low density minerals into high density minerals.
(from http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/)
The various plate-tectonic regimes of the Earth cause rocks to experience a broad range of pressures and temperatures, which leads to a broad range of metamorphic minerals and metamorphic rock types.
**cratons** (green): cratons are stable and relatively cold, with 'normal' thermal gradients of ~20 K/km.
**orogens** (red-orange): orogens are sites where crustal thickening, magmatism and radioactive elements lead to high temperatures, producing Barrovian metamorphism.
**cooling orogens** (orange): post-orogenic crustal thinning and cessation of magmatism lead to cooling to a normal thermal gradient.
**mid-ocean ridges** (red-orange): sea water is drawn into ocean crust around seafloor spreading centers, heated, and expelled back into the ocean, low P/T metamorphism (LP).
**ophiolite soles** (red): are thrust zones beneath very hot oceanic lithosphere emplaced onto passive continental margins; in contrast to other low P/T metamorphism, inverted metamorphic gradients form because the emplacement rate is rapid compared to the rate at which the extreme heat is conducted away.
**subduction zones** (blue): rapid subduction advects cold material into the mantle, producing high P/T metamorphism (HP).
**continent-continent collisions**: rapid crustal thickening produces high temperatures at moderate temperatures, followed by cooling
(from http://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/)
**ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism**: small pieces of continental material subducted to as much as 200 km are eventually regurgitated, leading to ultrahigh P/T metamorphism
---
[Part 1. Overview of Metamorphism and Tectonics](part1.html)
[Part 2. Introduction to Metamorphism](part2.html)
[Part 3. Physical Processes of Metamorphism](part3.html)
[Part 4. Introductory Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics](part4.html)
[Part 5. Ultramafic Rocks](part5.html)
[Part 6. Mafic Rocks](part6.html)
[Part 7. Pelitic Rocks](part7.html)
[Part 8. Diffusion](part8.html)
[Part 9. Thermobarometry](part9.html)
[Part 10. Kinetics](part10.html)
[Part 11. Interaction Between Metamorphism and Deformation](part11.html)
[Part 12. Metamorphism and Geochronology](part12.html)
[Part 13. Metamorphism and Tectonics I](part13.html)
[Part 14. Metamorphism and Tectonics II](part14.html)
[Thermodynamics Notes](http://www.geol.ucsb.edu/~hacker/geo124T/lecture.html)
| https://hacker.faculty.geol.ucsb.edu/geo102C/lectures/part1.html |
<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>The Rocket Robin Hood Page</TITLE>
<BODY bgColor=#ffefd5>
<p><HR>
<CENTER><IMG src="rhood.jpg" border=2>
<H3><B>ROCKET ROBIN HOOD</H3></B></CENTER>
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Written by Kevin McCorry
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<PRE>
"Come gather around me. Space travellers surround me.
Hark now to the ballad of Rocket Robin Hood.
I may well confound you, astound you, spellbound you,
with heroes and villains, the bad and the good.
Watch now as our rockets race here from afar.
For now, with our Robin, we live on a star."
"Three. Two. One. Blast off!
Band of brothers, marching together.
Heads held high in all kinds of weather.
With fiery blasts, our roaring rockets rise,
beyond the Earth, beyond the skies!
At the side of Robin, take your stand,
with the gallant leader of our band.
Send a joyous shout throughout the land!
For Rocket Robin Hood!"
</PRE>
To a generation of Canadians, with childhood between 1966 and 1984, the legend of Robin Hood of Sherwood Forest is more recognisable as that of Rocket Robin Hood of Sherwood Asteroid, Space Age version and descendant of the medieval outlaw, who, accompanied by such latter-day Merry Men as brawny Little John, "pleasingly plump" Friar Tuck, and spirited, red-goateed Will Scarlet, continues his ancestor's crusade against heavy taxation, despotism, and the general forces of evil.
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<I>Rocket Robin Hood and his trusty sidekick, Will Scarlet, endeavour to repel an attack upon their spaceship by giant beetles in "From Menace to Menace".</I></CENTER>
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<B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> was produced in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and later in New York City from 1966 to 1969. Al Guest of Toronto had been founder and leader of "The Guest Group", a team of cartoon animators that formed into Trillium Productions to bring the Merry Men of the future to television. Krantz Films of New York, the company also responsible for <B>Spiderman</B> (1967-70) and two series of six-minute cartoons that recounted periods and personalities in history and featured the museum-inhabiting <B>Max the 2000-Year-Old Mouse</B> and the quirky, time machine inventor, <B>Professor Kitzel</B>, financed and had ownership of the project.
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In addition to some of the staff for Grantray-Lawrence Animation's <B>The Marvel Superheroes</B> (1966-8; also a Krantz Films property), Guest requisitioned illustrator talent from places as far away from Canada as England and Spain. Per-episode budgets reached a high of $18,000, prompting company chief executive Steven Krantz to hire and send Ralph Bakshi to Toronto to oversee what Krantz considered to be a problematic production. Bakshi replaced Shamus Culhane of "The Guest Group" as the <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> in-animation-studio producer, and the style of the television series underwent a distinctly noticeable change at this time. Differences of opinion on matters creative and financial and consequent quarrels in Trillium offices resulted in Bakshi departing Toronto and moving production of remaining episodes to New York City.
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The writers of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> evidently had a tongue-in-cheek penchant for mixing past with future (i.e. old Earth time periods with the Space Age) and myth with fantasy, with a Gothic motif distinguishing the backgrounds of many later <IMG src="villans.jpg" align=right> episodes to a desirable spooky effect. However, the production as a whole does suffer from poor cartoon animation, several half-baked sequels to earlier episodes so that animation, even dialogue, could be reused wholesale, and an arguably stereotypical pair of continuing villains, greedy, money-grubbing tyrant Prince John and the Sheriff of N.O.T.T., whose overweening ineptitude becomes so laughable as to nullify whatever attempt there may be at instilling a sense of menace. It is not surprising that <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> does not enjoy the critical success of the other Krantz Films cartoon animation properties. <B>Halliwell's Television Companion</B>, while saying that <B>Spiderman</B> was, "...quite stylishly done," describes <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> as, "Undistinguished cartoon capers." But it was, by and large, great fun! For Generation X, it was the equivalent of the Saturday matinee serials of the 1930s and 1940s. And at its best, with its most effective episodes, a downright scary space opus.
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The speed of light is recognised in one instance as being impossible to surpass, and yet easy, fast interstellar travel is frequently referred to or accomplished, with no mention of how it is achieved. Space is said to be an airless void in some episodes, while in others humans or other air-breathing creatures can survive in the vacuum of space for quite some time without the necessary attire. However, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> is innocent fantasy. It is set far in the future, the Earth year 3000, when scientific possibilities are nearly infinite. Lapses in continuity can be forgiven and disbelief can be suspended, because the notion that distant descendants of Robin Hood's men will all look the same as their ancestors, share a sense of social justice, and come together to vanquish evil, is enticing enough to command the unwavering attention of young or young-at-heart viewers.
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Indeed, the nobly altruistic, fighting-against-evil <I>raison d'etre</I> of the latter-day Merry Men can be said to redeem some of the lamer episodes with Prince John and the Sheriff, for it does convey to young audiences a distinct code of morality, in contrast to Prince John's unmitigated avarice and unremittingly despotic attitudes.
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<I>Robots in Egyptian embalming attire threaten trouble for Will and Rocket Robin in "The Dark Galaxy".</I></CENTER>
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Having been mostly produced in Canada, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> has understandably received more exposure in the Great White North than elsewhere. Syndicated in the 1970s and 1980s for broadcast, in no particular episodic sequence, on television stations (affiliates of the CBC, CTV, and Global television networks) in Canada's various regions, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> tended to be shown as a Saturday morning offering, though sometimes, it was seen on weekdays.
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<B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> was formatted exactly like <B>The Marvel Superheroes</B>, with each half-hour episode composed of three 6 to 7 minute segments, and with cliffhangers ending segments one and two and a recap occurring at the start of segments two and three. Each segment was assigned its own title, though the title at the start of segment one is supposed to be the one for the whole episode. However, some of the more amusing titles were attached to the second or third segments of Robin's adventures, including "Say Aaah, or Hot Tonsils", as the third segment title for "The Eternal Planet or Romarama", and "Planet, Planet, Who's Got the Planet?" titling segment two of "The Incredible Gem of Cosmo Khan".
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Between the segments of each episode are descriptions of some of the <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> characters, with appropriately amusing superlatives, and mated with rapid scenes demonstrating the characters' abilities, personalities, habits, or other attributes.
<PRE>
"Rocket Robin Hood, the happy outlaw of outer-planetary space, is the direct descendant of Robin Hood of old. He's
fast, with a joyful laugh, a ready jest, and a quiver full of futuristic arrows. Robin robs from the cosmic rich to
give to the astral poor. He's fun. He's fantastic. Rocket Robin Hood, merriest of the Merry Men in the astounding
year, 3000."
"Strongest member of Rocket Robin Hood's band is Little John, the brawniest spaceman ever to rocket through the cosmos
in the fantastic years to come. This Goliath of the galaxies has the might of a cosmic Hercules, the brute force of an
unleashed meteor, combined with a truly super weapon- the electro-quarterstaff. Little John, whose great strength is
tempered with a simple, good-hearted kindness toward all living things. Mightiest of Rocket Robin Hood's Merry Men in
the amazing years to come- Little John."
"When the problems of Rocket Robin Hood call for 'heavy' thinking, then it's time for the one and only Friar Tuck to
come to the rescue. Some, like the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T., think him fat, foolish, and not worth worrying about.
But don't you believe it! Friar Tuck, whose courage is as tremendous as his appetite, is just one of the astounding
space characters in the merry band of Rocket Robin Hood in the fantastic years to come."
"Arch-enemy of Rocket Robin Hood is the cruel space tyrant, Prince John, despot ruler of the National Outer-Space
Terrestrial Territories. With the help of the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T., the black prince plans for that terrible day
when he will destroy and conquer the entire Solar System. Well, he might, if it were not for-- Rocket Robin Hood.
Rocket Robin Hood, outlaw defender of right in the astounding years to come."
</PRE>
The cartoon animation quality is uneven and at times incontrovertibly poor, always limited but in the first season more blatantly so- because the backgrounds are not impressive enough to compensate for scarce character movement- an inherent problem with <B>The Marvel Superheroes</B>' cartoon animators, it would seem, and a liability that was no doubt a factor in Steven Krantz's dissatisfaction with the expensive production of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> in its first season. Fight scenes often consist of Little John's fist moving toward "the camera", a starry effect denoting impact, and a helmeted N.O.T.T. soldier falling to ground or floor, while the limit to the backgrounds of first season and some second season episodes is a lush but somehow bleak-looking Sherwood Asteroid, barren neighbouring worlds, and the scarcely furnished N.O.T.T. Castle, with occasional planetary orbs seen in the skies.
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<I>In the titled phantasmagorical realm of the episode, "Dementia Five", Rocket Robin Hood and Little John must face their creepiest, most fearsome opponent ever.</I>
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<P>For Season 3, and many episodes of Season 2, standard close-ups of characters were used, with lip movement superimposed. A consequent hefty reduction in cartoon animation costs allowed for more funds and attention to go to layout and background as the series shifted away from the space opera of the battle with N.O.T.T. headquarters to such pure science fiction/fantasy as a living planetary organism, a sun-extinguishing "Lord of the Shadows", and a frightening fifth dimension where weirdest thoughts become real. Part of the way through Season 2, Ralph Bakshi funded airfare to Toronto for Warner Brothers cartoons' stalwart background designer Richard H. Thomas, to whom Bakshi assigned the task of modifying the look of the "amazing years to come". It has been speculated that the background artists under Thomas' guidance for the third season were "tripping" on LSD while they were working. Use of bizarre milieu of the kind that made the last segment of <B>2001- A Space Odyssey</B> a psychedelic experience, is <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>'s most defining trait, and it is precisely these episodes that are best remembered by young viewers of the television series.
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<P>Backgrounds of Season 3 defy satisfying verbal description, but this writer will attempt it. Continued bleak settings were rendered darker. Hideous rock formations, for instance those on the asteroid controlled by Dr. Manta in <IMG src="castle.jpg" align=left> "From Menace to Menace", are sometimes adorned with hanging vines and surrounded by wastelands with decayed but oddly symmetrical patterns of lines and cracks in the soil, giant, exposed stalagmites, crags, winding rivers, and leafless trees with jagged branches. Medieval castles of Gothic architecture and tall, mushroom-shaped towers are situated in these unnerving locales, with skies filled with planets, crescent moons pointing downward, and multi-coloured nebulae as ubiquitous in the cosmic vacuum as clouds on Earth. Technological alien civilisations have spiral streets and stairs, microchip-shaped or top-heavy buildings with cathedral-like windows, reel-to-reel computer tapes, conspicuous levers, a laser cannon having a vertical, transparent energy tube with the power source shown building upwards in the tube, electric arcs joining a machine with a miniature sphere, and monorail cars.
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<IMG src="shadows.jpg" align=right> In such
completely outlandish places, a literally black villain develops his army of cat shadows which emerge from a circular pool of liquid suspended in mid-air, mechanical mummies and a huge, flying sphinx are controlled by a descendant of King Tut, and an unscrupulous scientist uses a device to mentally manipulate a planet's elements, turning plants, craters, and volcanoes into devouring monsters. Audacious material for an animated cartoon television series of narrow budget!
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Equally effective is the music, including such melodies as an instrumental rendition of the main title song, played whenever Sherwood Asteroid is introduced and probably meant to signify brotherhood and good will. An "old technology" theme frequently plays over long, fading shots of machinery, for example when Tondo, the "underground gentleman" of "Lord of the Shadows", briefs Robin on the history and achievements of the indigenous race of the planet invaded by Dr. Nocturne, and when the Minutiae civilisation is first shown in "Space Giant". A music of similar feel is used in other scenes in which Robin and the Merry Men meet alien races or speculate on the nature of a menace, such as that of "Dementia Five". A tune sounding like two drumsticks being clapped together accompanies the emergence of a problem or challenge, like Baron Blank's setting of a trap for Robin and Will Scarlet in "Who'll Kill Rocket Robin?", or the surrounding of Robin and friends by the robot mummies in "The Solar Sphinx". One of the most haunting pieces of music in the series is the synthesised piano/pipe mix which plays over Robin and Little John's ordeal in "Dementia Five" and with the first appearance of the Flying Dutchman in "The Ghost Pirates". It is also heard at length in "Dr. Mortula".
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<I>A spacecraft-engulfing, flying sphinx, about to pursue Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet in "The Dark Galaxy"</I></CENTER>
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Voice talent in this television series is of high calibre, with the late Bernard Cowan (various voices for the 1967-70 <B>Spiderman</B> television series) narrating and Ed McNamara, whose acting credits include <B>Silver Streak</B> (1976) and <B>Bayo</B> (1985), providing the resonant tones of Rocket Robin. Len Carlson, who was the voice of the seagull in CTV's <B>The Waterville Gang</B> (1972-3) and has announced for several CTV game shows, substituted for McNamara at times in Season 3. Chris Wiggins, best known as the patriarch of <B>The Swiss Family Robinson</B> (1974-5), voiced the witty and reverent Will Scarlet and such fearsome foes of the Merry Men as Infinata, the overlord of "Dementia Five", and Baron Blank of planet Blotto. Paul Kligman's piercing characterisation of fusspot Friar Tuck is similar to his rather shrilly nattering J. Jonah Jameson of <B>Spiderman</B> (1967-70), Len Birman instated an appropriate air of authoritarian arrogance to the timbre of Prince John, and Gillie Fenwick, who played the butler, Poole, in the 1968, Jack Palance version of <B>The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde</B> and can be heard as Dr. Smartyr, Dr. Conner, and feline sorcerer Pardo in <B>Spiderman</B> (1967-70), gave vocal life to the verbally polished, otherwise oafish Sheriff of N.O.T.T..
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The following is a complete <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> episode guide.
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<I>In "The Marmaduke Caper", Rocket Robin's long-time friend, Able Baker Charlie, and Able Baker Charlie's son, Marmaduke, visit Sherwood Asteroid, and Able Baker Charlie has with him the soon-to-be-coveted Super-bug, the ultimate eavesdropping device.</I></CENTER>
<PRE>
Season 1
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The first production block of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> began with promise. Episodes like "The Time Machine", "Safari", and "City Beneath the Seas" are quite laudably rooted in pulp science fiction. Conceptually, at least. And "Prince of Plotters" and "Wily Giles" are competent, fairly effective premise-establishing and <IMG src="princeofplottersone.jpg" align=right> character-introducing efforts. With "Prince of Plotters", the viewer knows the heavy-taxation-directives and tyranny of Prince John and why Rocket Robin Hood and the Merry Men are righteously opposed to him and his Sheriff. A sense of menace and mortal urgency is present in "Warlord of Saturn", and "Mystery of the Crown Jewels" is a respectable attempt at the tried-and-true "who-done-it?" type of story. But with "Jesse James Rides Again", Al Guest and his writing team decided to go along a situation-comedy route, and thus did <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> become oddball-guest-character-of-the-week, with some "off-the-wall" personage rooted in old Earth lore somehow setting Rocket Robin's men against their N.O.T.T. foes in renewed adversarial interaction, the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. himself being increasingly a laughable villain in those episodes.
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Meantime, the quality of cartoon animation and cartoon layout and background, never really having been the linchpin to <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>'s appeal, was becoming downright laughably bad. Production costs had risen with Guest hiring more and more people, some of them from as far away as Spain. The talent of some of the newcomers to the production was questionable, and divergent approaches to drawing of characters and <IMG src="marlinrrh.jpg" align=left> backgrounds were affecting the look of the output episodes. So was the viewer served with Leprechaun and bungling-magician episodes, <i>et cetera</i>, while the ocular facets of the television show were deteriorating.
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"Marlin, the Magician" is quite possibly the nadir of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> in concept, story development, and depiction. It probably is because of episodes like "Marlin, the Magician" that <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> has come to quite unfairly be branded the worst cartoon-animated television show of all time, by some television historians. "Goritang", a wedding farce involving the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s ineffectually goofy, ninny son, Quigley, and an ape-like creature from the planet Lucifer, shares with "Marlin, the Magician" strong contention for the dubious status of nadir of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>. Definitely a "what-were-they-thinking?" episode. Guest was spending increasing sums of Steven Krantz's money on an increasingly deficient product, and according to Ralph Bakshi, broadcasters started complaining to Krantz Films about episode quality, eventually refusing to accept further episodes. Relations between Krantz and Guest deteriorated to the extent of possible litigation.
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Krantz sent Bakshi to Toronto to replace Shamus Culhane as in-studio-producer and to chart a different course for the production of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>, and so did the troubled cartoon television series re-invent itself into the spooky opus imprinted so creepily upon the grey matter of Generation X.
<PRE>
"Prince of Plotters"
First episode of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> introduces the wicked Prince John, castle-inhabiting, absolute ruler of the
National Outer-Space Terrestrial Territories (N.O.T.T.) and who, with his scrawny, whiny, dimwit lackey, the Sheriff of
N.O.T.T., taxes the hapless, pastoral citizens of the asteroids of the Solar System so that subsistence is almost
impossible, and gives nothing to them in return. The Sheriff's beefy, cruel deputy, Titanor, slams peasants' heads
together when said peasants bemoan their misery and uses his Neuron Puppet Rod to induce a protesting asteroid-village
mayor to dance and to cry like a baby before arresting the mayor for a couple of years in N.O.T.T. Castle's dungeon. Enter
Rocket Robin Hood, descendant of medieval England's Robin Hood. Rocket Robin intends to steal Prince John's ill-gotten
riches from the vault in the tyrant's castle for distribution to the beleaguered peoples of the Solar System- and to
humble the notorious Titanor. To this end he has the help of his Merry Men of Sherwood Asteroid, all of whom are the many-
generations progeny of the original Robin Hood's outlaw group. To enact the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s "wonderful" plan to
destroy Rocket Robin, Prince John contacts Sherwood by video communicator with a proposition: if Robin can defeat Titanor
in personal combat in the vicinity of the Elthrak Asteroid Swarm, the N.O.T.T. peasants' taxes will be lowered. The prince
expresses confidence that Robin will lose the duel, and Robin dares not decline to fight, for he will throughout the Solar
System be branded a coward. Robin accepts Prince John's challenge and confronts Titanor in competition by lance and space-
ski in the designated location, his Merry Men watching the battle by video communication monitors on Sherwood. Robin
proves his superior agility as he dodges every swing of Titanor's lance, then knocks Titanor's lance out of Titanor's
barbarian clutches and sneakily programmes Titanor's space-ski control to propel the hulky acolyte of N.O.T.T. into
collision with an asteroid. After Robin easily confiscates Titanor's laser gun and points the weapon at Titanor's head,
Titanor yields the battle. However, Prince John has no intention of honouring his promise to lower the peasants' taxes,
and N.O.T.T. soldiers emerge from the Elthrak Asteroids to surround and capture Rocket Robin. At N.O.T.T. Castle, Robin is
sentenced to death by Prince John by means of crystallisation globes capable of changing any atomic arrangement into
beautiful, clear crystal. The evil prince orders the release of the peasant mayor from N.O.T.T. Castle's dungeon so that
the mayor can report Robin's "certain" fate as a crystal statue to all N.O.T.T. citizens- and Prince John's decree that
N.O.T.T. tax rates will be doubled. Friar Tuck leads a rescue party to N.O.T.T. Castle, meets the mayor in the forest
outside of the castle, and is informed by the mayor of Robin's death sentence and of an execution technician's expected
arrival at the castle. Tuck and his companions, including Alan A-Dale and Little John, infiltrate N.O.T.T. Castle by
substituting themselves for the execution technician and the technician's staff. Meanwhile, Robin has asked to view Prince
John's vault, and the prince is pleased to adhere to his prisoner's "last request", thus giving to Robin knowledge of the
hidden vault's precise location. The Merry Men in disguise as the execution team spring into action to surprise the easily
routed N.O.T.T. guards, Robin is rescued, and the jolly outlaws seize Prince John's accumulated wealth to reallocate to
the impoverished peoples of the Solar System.
"The Time Machine"
Rocket Robin and Little John investigate rumours of importation of strange equipment "under cover of darkness" to N.O.T.T.
Castle for many consecutive Lunar nights. Late one evening, they sneak into N.O.T.T. Castle without difficulty and
interrogate one of the guards, Little John grabbing the man-in-uniform and holding him, his feet dangling, atop a steep
castle wall. The guard tells to Robin and Little John that the incoming machinery has been requisitioned by the Sheriff
for entrapping Rocket Robin Hood. Little John calms the guard with an effective strike of the hand, and, after dispatching
by homing arrow a message to Friar Tuck on Sherwood to send help if they fail to return to their home asteroid by noon on
the next day, Robin decides that he and Little John will "walk" into the Sheriff's trap- which is the best way of
determining what the trap is- by serenading the "imbecile Sheriff of N.O.T.T." beneath the window to the sleeping
Sheriff's bedroom. The awakened and displeased Sheriff summons his retinue, who force Robin and Little John by laser
gunpoint into a laboratory wherein the pair are shackled inside of what the Sheriff identifies as a time machine. The
Sheriff selects the twelfth century A.D. and England as the destination in time and space for the meddlesome duo, so that
his ancestor, the High Sheriff of Nottingham, will contend with them and with their forebears, the Earl of Locksley and
olde Little John, with equal "efficiency". Thus, amidst the thickets and brambles of Sherwood Forest near century twelve's
village of Nottingham, materialises two exiles from year 3000, and in no time at all, they are collaborating with the
original Friar Tuck, Will Scarlet, <i>et al.</i>, to rescue Robin Hood I and Little John I from peril in the dungeon in
Nottingham Castle, an easy endeavour with the surprise of two Robins and Little Johns befuddling the Sheriff of
Nottingham- who exactly resembles in look and manner his thirtieth century descendant- and his minions. The combined
talents of the Merry Men of olde with Rocket Robin and future Little John succeed in freeing Robin Hood I and Little John
I from their prison cell, when the solitary guard there is startled to see what he thinks is Robin but who is really
Rocket Robin standing in front of him and outside of the locked prison cell door- and obligingly opens the door to verify
that Robin is still inside of the prison cell. Rocket Robin judo-chops the guard unconscious, future Little John flies
with the use of his jet-powered quarterstaff to reach the chains that lower the castle drawbridge, Rocket Robin slings
fire-tipped arrows onto mounds of hay within the castle, and the escape from Nottingham Castle is complete, for all
outlaws. In the future, Friar Tuck has captured and questioned- with pointed gun- a N.O.T.T. soldier to learn of Rocket
Robin and Little John's predicament. Sending robot attack spaceships to fire laser rays upon N.O.T.T. Castle to preoccupy
the N.O.T.T. defence forces, Tuck leads Will Scarlet and Alan A-Dale into the N.O.T.T. Sheriff's laboratory and speedily
operates the user-friendly time machine to whisk Rocket Robin and Little John away from a few hours of activity and banter
with their olde English counterparts and company- and into materialisation in N.O.T.T. Castle A.D. 3000. Subsequent ease
of escape from N.O.T.T. headquarters and from a flustered and frustrated latter-day Sheriff by Rocket Robin, Little John,
Alan, Will, and the Friar is a foregone conclusion!
"Robin Versus the Robot Knight"
The Merry Men disguise themselves as monks to attend the N.O.T.T. Tournament Games on Camelot Asteroid as spectators,
something that they do every year, and Prince John expects their presence at the upcoming Tournament Games. He hopes to
utilise Rocket Robin Hood's "outdated code of honour", Robin's word as a cosmic nobleman, to jail the Solar System's most
renowned outlaw for life. At the Tournament Games, the prince announces the betrothal of Maid Marion, captive of the
Sheriff of N.O.T.T., to Baron Barth of icy Pluto. Barth's champion, the mysterious Red Knight, will, at the close of the
Tournament Games, bring Marion to Pluto for the wedding unless the knight is challenged and defeated in 3 of 5 tournament
events. Determined to spare Marion from an unwanted suitor on a frigid planet, Robin removes his monk disguise and asserts
himself as a contestant against the Red Knight. Prince John states the reward of Marion's freedom from marriage and from
N.O.T.T. if Robin wins three of the five specific competitions (toppling, astro-wrestling, archery, astro-tug, and
jousting) and the penalty of life imprisonment for Robin should Robin lose three of them. Robin accepts the prince's
conditions for the duel, and only after this does the prince reveal that the Red Knight is a robot stronger tenfold than
Robin. Undaunted and a man of his word, Robin fights the Red Knight in the five games. He is toppled from a log in
electro-quarterstaff combat with the knight and is next trapped in a bear-hug by his astro-wrestling machine opponent.
Down two to nothing, Robin rebounds and wins the remaining three contests, despite Prince John's illicit attempts to
prevent it, by ordering the archery target board reversed so that Robin cannot directly train his arrow on the bulls-eye
(a complication for which Robin compensates by means of a "boomerang" arrow slung by Robin to fly under the target and
then arc around to hit the bulls-eye and better the knight's un-handicapped arrow shot), by magnetically bonding the robot
to its platform in the astro-tug so that it cannot be thrown from it (a ploy of which he speaks aloud and which Robin's
Sherwood fellows in the audience overhear and thwart with a magnetic field inverter ray fired from Alan A-Dale's laser
pistol), and by drugging Robin's water with sleep-inducing potion (which Robin detects with his sensitive nose and
pretends to drink so that he can feign sleepiness in the jousting on rocket-powered hover-sleds and then surprise the
knight with swift evasive action- so that the startled knight ploughs into the ground). Never a man to honour his
promises, Prince John orders his guards to seize Rocket Robin while the Red Knight forces Marion into its Plutonian
spaceship and departs Camelot Asteroid in haste. However, the full compliment of Merry Men at the Tournament Games come
out from their monk guises to clobber and prevail over the legions of N.O.T.T., and Marion stops the Red Knight by
depositing some of her lady's apparel into a cavity that she has discovered on the back of its head. Robin rescues
Marion from the Plutonian space vessel.
"The Mystery of the Crown Jewels"
A masked prowler ascends the walls of N.O.T.T. Castle, enters the castle while Prince John sleeps, and steals the royal
crown jewels. The thief leaves at the crime scene an arrow that implicates Rocket Robin in the heist. To insure that Robin
will surrender himself to N.O.T.T., the Sheriff captures Maid Marian while the Merry Men are at a space carnival. Once
Robin learns of Marian's captivity and the criminal act of which he is accused, he does exactly what Prince John and the
Sheriff have expected him to do; having ordered Little John and Friar Tuck to remain at the carnival- and to be ready to
come to his rescue, he ventures to N.O.T.T. Castle to free Marian from the Sheriff's custody and to examine the evidence
against him. Robin is overpowered by N.O.T.T. soldiers and, before a court assembled by Prince John, is declared guilty of
the theft. At the carnival, Little John and Friar Tuck watch a circus performer, Marvello, who is skilled in archery and
acrobatics. Convinced that they have found the true crown jewel filcher, Little John and Friar Tuck forcefully escort him
to N.O.T.T. Castle, and Robin and Marian are grudgingly released from N.O.T.T. by the Sheriff and by Prince John, to whom
the crown jewels are returned when ascertained to be in Marvello's possession.
"The Warlord of Saturn"
Little John is returning to Sherwood Asteroid after a lucrative day of poaching for Rocket Robin on Prince John's Royal
Game Preserve when he is surrounded in his spaceship by the space battle fleet of the Warlord of Saturn- <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>
version of <B>Flash Gordon</B>'s Ming the Merciless. Ming is, in fact, the Warlord's proper name, and he talks in a stereotypical
Oriental dialect. The Warlord aims to commandeer asteroid Sherwood, whose movability would enable him to attack targets
from whatever spatial position that he desires. To this purpose, Ming blankets and penetrates Little John's spaceship with
hypnotic gas, Little John succumbs to the gas' effect, and Ming directs his husky Merry Man puppet to lead the Saturn
space battle fleet to Sherwood's top-secret present location. With an audio transmitter-receiver placed onto Little John's
person by one of the Warlord's soldiers, Ming now has continuous vocal contact with his slave after Little John has landed
his spaceship on Sherwood. Ming orders Little John to prevent his colleagues from activating the Sherwood astro-shield or
firing ground-to-air missiles. Little John blocks the entrance to the power supply building for those defence mechanisms,
and although Rocket Robin and the other outlaws promptly suspect that Little John is under some mesmeric influence, Little
John is a formidable fist-fighter, and several of his friends are pounded by his punches before Robin subdues him with an
enwrapping rope connected to one of Robin's ably-propelled arrows. Little John reels by the rope into a tree trunk and is
hence unconscious, but already, the Warlord has advanced inside of Sherwood's defence boundary, and Robin recognises the
design of Ming's hovering spacecraft. Ming rapidly releases his ultimate weapon- the Oxyvac- onto Sherwood's surface. The
clam-shaped, four-legged Oxyvac devours by suction everything in its path, including trees, brick structures, and air! The
Merry Men reassemble in attack formation, but the Oxyvac is impervious to the arrows and laser gun rays fired by them
against it. The sinister Saturn despot communicates with Robin by means of the audio transmitter-receiver on Little John's
still-unconscious body, to declare Sherwood to be the conquest of Saturn and to say that the Oxyvac's primary function is
to suck the oxygen out of Sherwood's atmosphere. Robin deduces that the Oxyvac must be storing the enormous quantity of
oxygen that it collects in the sack on its posterior- and oxygen is highly combustible. Robin attaches Will Scarlet's
electronic sword to an arrow and shoots the arrow directly through the maw of the Oxyvac and into the sack. The sword's
electric current ignites the oxygen within the rampaging robot's sack, reducing the Oxyvac to rubble in a explosion with
no casualties or further damage on Sherwood. Ming retreats into space, and Little John awakens, his awareness and self-
control fully regained, to express his puzzlement at the wreckage strewing the Sherwood terrain.
"Safari"
Little John and Will Scarlet, while in a hunting competition against each other on the N.O.T.T. Royal Game Preserve, are
captured and caged in a landed zoological spaceship by pygmy-sized, green-skinned aliens. The aliens desire the best
possible specimen of the species of Earthman represented by the Merry Men, and to that end, they force Little John and
Will to engage in combat with hand-held weapons, the winner in that contest to be retained for zoological study and
exhibition, and the loser purportedly to be killed. Will is struck unconscious in the fight and declared the loser. While
being dragged outside of the spaceship by a pair of the aliens, Will revives. He is able to escape from the aliens and
summon help from Rocket Robin, whom the aliens, eavesdropping on Will's communication with Sherwood Asteroid, now deduce
to be the Merry Men's Alpha Male and a more desirable zoological subject than Will (who is recaptured by the aliens) and
Little John. Robin, Giles, and Friar Tuck arrive at the Royal Game Preserve and find the aliens' spaceship. The aliens
agree to a bargain proposed by Robin. If he prevails in a personal duel with the aliens' leader, he and all of his men
will be allowed to go free from the aliens. If Robin loses, he and his men will surrender their fate to the aliens'
intentions. With the aliens' attention concentrated on their leader's duel with Robin, Giles and Friar Tuck free Will and
Little John, and the four of them release all of the zoo creatures from the cages, causing enough of a commotion to give
to Robin the advantage in his battle. Robin prevails, and the alien leader, avowing the honour of his kind- in addition
to declaring the Merry Men and their species far too troublesome, keeps his word. The Merry Men depart the Royal Game
Preserve before Prince John's minions can arrive there to apprehend the jovial interlopers.
"Wily Giles"
For Lt. Paul Wagner of the Earth Patrol, Robin recounts the induction of thieving scoundrel Giles, an exile from Earth,
into the Merry Men as their cook. While Robin and Little John were poaching deer on the Royal N.O.T.T. Game Preserve, they
prevented a mischievous, little, bearded man from throwing a plutonium grenade at the deer and thereby became acquainted
with Giles, who impressed Robin with his pick-pocket slight of hand. After Robin and Little John parted from Giles to
resume their illegal food-procurement, Giles reported their presence on the Royal N.O.T.T. Game Preserve to the N.O.T.T.
Sheriff, in expectation of a generous reward, but the Sheriff only paid 50 kovars of platinum to the "conniving
jackanapes". The Sheriff and his troops surrounded Robin and Little John, released from the Sheriff's space cruiser a
bubble that enwrapped the two outlaws, and consigned the duo to an underground dungeon with converging walls. "Double-
dealing" Giles then sneaked away from the N.O.T.T. army (preoccupied with the execution of Robin and Little John) and
decided to seek remuneration from Robin's friends for telling them about the crisis that had befallen their two comrades.
He flew in Robin and Little John's spacecraft by homing beam to Sherwood and mentioned without specific location the
Sheriff's confinement of Robin and Little John. Suspecting Giles' involvement in Robin and Little John's capture, Tuck
refused to add to Giles' monetary stash, and he and the other Merry Men with waving of fists forced the relevant
information from the cringing knave and brought Giles with them on the rescue mission. Giles slunk away from the Friar's
party as they were planning to free Robin and Little John, and was recaptured by the Sheriff, who declared the wayward
Giles untrustworthy and threw him into the underground dungeon wherein Robin and Little John were losing the battle
against the enclosing walls. Giles had stolen the Sheriff's key to a door in the tightening prison and provided it to
Robin and Little John so that the three men could escape a crushing doom. Robin and Little John overpowered with ease a
squadron of N.O.T.T. guards in a cavernous exit of the dungeon, and Tuck's group, hiding in a neighbouring forest, were
staggered to see Robin and Little John at liberty and in gratitude of Giles, who, they all expected, now knew that the
Sheriff was unsympathetic to his mercenary shenanigans and would be content to join the Merry Men in a successful
departure from the site of the Sheriff's failed trap before the Sheriff could assemble his confused crowd for pursuit.
"Jesse James Rides Again"
One legendary Earth outlaw's descendant meets another on a rugged, desolate, uncharted asteroid. While on said asteroid
during an unsatisfactory hunting expedition, Rocket Robin and Will Scarlet are bemused to find themselves staring down the
nozzles of the six-gun pistols of the progeny and namesake of that terror of the Wild West, Jesse James. This Jesse James,
however, is a squat, mostly bald-headed, white haired, addle-brained, over-the-hill oaf who rides a lumbering, rocket-
powered horse and who could not steal his own gun without it backfiring at him. Feeling sorry for the hoary gunslinger,
Robin tries to persuade James to do as a virtuous outlaw does: rob the rich and give to the poor. But James insists that
robbing the rich and keeping the booty is the better motto. Undaunted and tempted by his troublesome sense of humour to
help James to prove himself capable of a heist in the tradition of his forebear, Robin forecasts to James the impending
pass over the asteroid of the Interplanetary Stagecoach, then leaves James alone in a valley on the asteroid as he and
Will return to their spaceship, dress in stolen N.O.T.T. guard uniforms that they transport with them at all times, and
begin to paint "Tombstone Stagecoach" on their space vessel's hull. They intend to impersonate the hapless pilots of the
not-really-existent Interplanetary Stagecoach that James will endeavour to ambush and plunder. However, a N.O.T.T.
reconnaissance spaceship containing Prince John and the Sheriff and voyaging in this asteroid's astral sector, is thought
by James to be the Stagecoach, and he mounts his ridiculous steed and attacks the N.O.T.T. spacecraft, which activates its
laser turrets to cripple James' vehicle. The blustery blunderer is thus a prisoner of the wicked prince and brought to
N.O.T.T. Castle. Robin and Will return in their "stagecoach" to the valley where they last saw James, find only the
wreckage of his space-horse, and guess correctly as to James' action and its result. In their N.O.T.T. guard uniforms,
they easily infiltrate N.O.T.T. Castle and overcome the pair of Prince John's men who are escorting James to the castle
dungeon pending an investigation of James' claim that there is a reward on Earth for his capture. Reunited with their
counterpart outlaw, Robin and Will target the crown jewels in the royal vault. Will, his newly confiscated N.O.T.T. garb
that of a Colonel, enacts a cantankerous officer browbeating the two N.O.T.T. troops standing guard at the vault and
distracts them as Robin lasers a hole in the vault door and filches a sack of gems. All three thieves then easily escape
N.O.T.T. headquarters in Prince John's fastest space cruiser, and Robin drops a handful of the stolen diamonds into one of
James' empty belt holsters and promptly discovers them there, lauding the latter-day Jesse James as a successful criminal
and an honour to the infamy of his forefather.
"Giles the Great"
While Rocket Robin is absent from Sherwood, the Merry Men are strutting their duelling prowess in fun combat with metal
lances. Friar Tuck reels backwards after he loses a contest with Little John and collides with Giles, knocking the short-
tempered cook into a vat of pancake batter. Furious, Giles tongue-lashes his comrades, all laughing at his gooey tumble,
for their impudence and boasts that HE is the best of Robin's outlaw group. As an innocent prank against the diminutive,
bragging chef, Little John challenges Giles to a lance-swinging competition that he allows Giles to win. The cook's lance
strikes the deliberately ineffectual strongest man on asteroid Sherwood. Falling to ground, Little John pretends to have
been legitimately defeated by Giles, and he and the other Merry Men christen their baker as "Giles the Great". However,
they do not know that Giles now believes himself capable of single-handed interplanetary heroism. On a "date with
destiny", Giles flies one of the Merry Men's spaceships to the castle of Prince John, leaving behind a note for Rocket
Robin in which he proclaims his hair-brained aim of by himself overcoming the wicked prince and freeing from the castle
dungeon all of the N.O.T.T. citizens being detained by N.O.T.T.'s greedy despot ruler to intimidate the peasantry of
N.O.T.T.'s many worlds to accept woefully high rates of taxation. Giles swaggers at the castle gate in confrontation with
some N.O.T.T. soldiers, and the soldiers, amazed by his chutzpah, apprehend him in seconds. Prince John demands to know
from the self-identifying, brazen chef of Rocket Robin Hood the location of Sherwood Asteroid. When he declines to
cooperate with his captor, "interstellar insect" Giles is shackled in the N.O.T.T. Castle dungeon and threatened with
torture by the prince's personal implement of mayhem, a Thermal Ray Gun. Robin has rejoined his fellows on Sherwood and
read Giles' note. With Friar Tuck, Alan A-Dale, and Little John, Robin embarks upon a mission to liberate Giles from
Prince John's wrath. Alan, Little John, and the Friar pose as Delta Patrol spies for the Sheriff with Rocket Robin as
their captive and in this capacity approach and are granted access by unsuspecting N.O.T.T. troops to N.O.T.T. Castle,
wherein a decisive battle by the four intrepid outlaws against Prince John and a squad of castle guards, involving lengthy
exchange of laser gun fire and Robin's rope-arrow felling and ensnaring the prince, is successful in rescuing Giles before
the prince can subject him to the searing effect of the Thermal Ray Gun.
"City Beneath the Seas"
Rocket Robin and Little John are piloting their spaceship to Sherwood Asteroid after a successful hunt for animal meat
elsewhere in the Solar System when they encounter an oval asteroid that has only recently entered into orbit around the
Sun. The pair of Merry Men attempt a reconnaissance of the strange asteroid, but their spaceship loses power and plunges
into its fully oceanic biosphere. Robin and Little John use an ejection bubble to escape their doomed space vehicle before
it sinks to sea bottom. Wearing their spacesuit helmets for a supply of oxygen, they intentionally descend to the murky
depths for a damage assessment of the spaceship and for Robin to attempt to radio their location to Friar Tuck. However,
they are attacked by a tentacled monster which Robin repels with a single blast from his laser gun, and this event is
monitored with interest by green, fish-scaled and gilled humanoids in an underwater city. Robin's heroics have edified
these intelligent, cultured creatures. The sovereign of the Kingdom of Aqua orders the capture of the two Merry Men by way
of a mechanically controlled whirlpool that pulls the duo into the sub-oceanic settlement. The Aquans are weaponless and
defenceless against sea beasts that threaten the integrity of Aqua's enclosed city. They want for Robin to repeat his
prior act of sea monster-defeat against three further tentacled menaces. Little John is incapacitated by a strike from
behind him by the Aqua king's sceptre and carried to and locked inside a prison cell by the king's servants. Holding
driftwood as simulated weapons, the Aquans intend that the large Merry Man be their hostage to insure Robin's cooperation.
Thus, Robin ventures into the water to confront the three terrors- and vanquishes the sea beasts with laser energy
directed into their eyes and throats. The triumphant Robin is congratulated by the grateful populace of the undersea
metropolis, and he and Little John are informed of the weapon-free Aquan way of peace and presented with their fully
repaired spaceship by the Aqua king.
"Don Cayote McPherson"
Riding upon his mechanical, flying horse named Dandelion, a Scottish space traveller, Don Cayote McPherson, arrives on
Sherwood Asteroid. Don Cayote challenges the patience of the Merry Men with his incessant bragging about having slain "the
dauntless Dragon of Doom". Rocket Robin has acquired a mechanical device that duplicates the spoken words of other people,
thereby enabling convincing mimicry, and demonstrates the machine for his men and for his Scottish guest. Meanwhile, the
Sheriff of N.O.T.T. also possesses a "new toy"- a disintegration ray, which his underling, Cog, claims to have invented.
Naturally, the Sheriff is scheming to use this weapon against Rocket Robin. After irritating his hosts on Sherwood
Asteroid and outlasting his welcome there, Don Cayote departs Sherwood and is promptly captured by the Sheriff for use as
bait to lure Robin and company to N.O.T.T. Castle, after the Sheriff has learned that Don Cayote is acquainted with the
Merry Men. Thus, the Sheriff allows Don Cayote's aerial horse, Dandelion, to return alone to Sherwood so that Robin
deduces that Don Cayote has been apprehended by the forces of N.O.T.T.. Robin remote-control-pilots his empty spaceship
above N.O.T.T. Castle's asteroid and directly into the disintegration ray, which Robin already knew was in operation by
the Sheriff, and of course the Sheriff and Cog both believe that Robin has been annihilated. Then, with the voice
imitation mechanism, Robin, Will Scarlet, and Friar Tuck infiltrate the N.O.T.T. Castle dungeon, surprise and punch the
N.O.T.T. soldiers standing guard there, confiscate the guards' uniforms for use as disguises, rescue Don, and employ the
voice imitation machine to copy the voice of the Sheriff to order the lowering of N.O.T.T. Castle's drawbridge and
defences so that they all can escape. Don bids good-bye to the Merry Men and says that he is on a continuing quest for
"the Baleful Beast of Brou-Ha-Ha".
"Michael Shawn- the Leprechaun"
Poaching wild boar on Prince John's Royal Game Preserve, Little John meets a magical, dwarfish Irish pixie, a Leprechaun
named Michael Shawn O'Day, who fears that Martian mercenaries intend to steal his prized pot o' gold, which is actually a
cache of oxynite, a rare and valuable form of interplanetary currency and element for weapon production. Michael Shawn
also claims to have a life span of many thousands of years and to have met Little John and Rocket Robin's medieval
ancestors! The large Merry Man brings his tiny, new acquaintance to Sherwood to introduce him to Robin and company. After
amusing the personnel of Sherwood with his archaic witticisms, the sprightly O'Day disappears from Sherwood. Little John
then mentions the Leprechaun's possession of oxynite to Robin, who shares Michael Shawn's apprehension about Martian lust
for the pot o' gold and fears that the Irish elf is in danger of capture if not by the Martians, then by the Sheriff of
N.O.T.T., were knowledge of O'Day's lucrative property to have spread from Mars to N.O.T.T. headquarters. In an intensive
search by the Merry Men for Michael Shawn, Little John flies in his spaceship to Mars, where O'Day, having been
apprehended by the Martians, is being interrogated as to the location of the coveted oxynite. Little John commences a ray
gun battle with O'Day's captors, and both he and the Leprechaun fall through a trap door on the Martian surface to an
underground prison cell. The Sheriff of N.O.T.T. intercepts an assistance-plea message arrow dispatched by the jailed
Little John through space to Robin as its intended recipient. So, with the power of his Zeptyr Ray Cannon, the Sheriff
visits Mars. Routing the Martians, he gains entry into the Martian dungeon and offers to rescue Little John and Michael
Shawn from captivity on Mars in exchange for the location of the oxynite. The Leprechaun agrees to the Sheriff's proposal,
says that the item sought by the Sheriff is buried, and specifies the place. Never one to honour his side of a bargain,
the Sheriff fails to release Little John and Michael Shawn from the prison- and so, the responsibility for doing this
rests with Robin, who, worried about Little John, ventures to and arrives on Mars and finds and frees the jailed pair.
O'Day reveals that the oxynite was really secreted on Little John's person and that the Sheriff is digging for nothing.
"Little Little John"
Little John, alone in his personal spacecraft, confidently penetrates the hull of one of Prince John's tax space-wagons to
rob the prince's wages of tyranny, only to be fired upon in the tax space-wagon by a ray from the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s
latest toy, a matter reducer (i.e. a machine that shrinks people and objects). Little John and his spaceship both diminish
to finger size and are easily trolled in a butterfly net wielded by the elated Sheriff! However small that Little John may
now be, he still has his wits, and the Sheriff's butterfly net does not contain him for long. After hearing the Sheriff's
boast that Robin and the other Merry Men will all soon experience the same small problem as their no-longer-huskiest
comrade, the now-truly-little Little John pilots his spaceship to Sherwood, where he, with the tone of his voice inaudible
to his normal-dimension friends, must write a warning on a piece of paper to Robin and company, revealing the Sheriff's
intention to send a meteor laced with paralytic gas toward the surface of Sherwood, "freezing" the Merry Men to facilitate
their capture and exposure to the matter reducer presently at N.O.T.T. Castle. Incredulous at Little John's petty
proportion and heeding their tiny compatriot's message, the Merry Men alter Sherwood's course away from the Sheriff's
strategic space flotsam and divert the meteor back to N.O.T.T. Castle, where it renders the Sheriff and his army
statuesque, thereby enabling Robin, Friar Tuck, and Alan A-Dale, all wearing gas masks, to raid the castle in search for
the machine that shrunk Little John. They hope to reverse its effect. But the Sheriff regains mobility sooner than Robin
had expected, and Robin, the Friar, and Alan are fettered in electronic shackles controlled by the Sheriff. Little John
twice flies his spacecraft past the Sheriff's head to distract him, so that two of the machine's limited ray charges are
wasted in misfires. A spider is struck by one of the rays, but rather than diminish, the arachnid grows (the machine was
in reverse mode), and Little John thrusts his spaceship directly into the operating panel for the shackles, "shorting it
out" and freeing Robin, Tuck, and Alan. With the Sheriff and his minions preoccupied with the giant spider in their midst,
Robin easily manipulates the infernal machine to restore Little John to proper size, and all four Merry Men depart
N.O.T.T. Castle. The matter reducer, exhausted of its ray charges, is therefore now useless to the behemoth-spider-
plagued Sheriff.
"The Marmaduke Caper"
Able Baker Charlie, a long-time, monocled, English-accented friend of Rocket Robin's, is travelling to Uranus to
demonstrate the Super-bug, the ultimate in listening devices, capable of eavesdropping on conversations anywhere in the
cosmos, when he decides to visit the Merry Men on Sherwood Asteroid, which is on his route to Uranus. With him is his
impressionable, adolescent son, Marmaduke. Marmaduke's hero-worship of his father abruptly ends when he learns that Able
Baker is incapable of the archery and derring-do at which he has always claimed to be an expert. Robin decides to give
Able Baker a chance to redeem himself in the eyes of his son by fighting N.O.T.T. troops intending to kidnap Marmaduke but
who are really Robin, Little John, Will Scarlet, and Alan A-Dale in disguise, uniforms easily confiscated from N.O.T.T.
Castle, of course. The plan is for Able Baker to tour on foot with Marmaduke the landscape of asteroid Sherwood, to relax
with the boy in a grove prearranged with Robin and company to be the site of the attack by "N.O.T.T. forces", and to repel
the assailants in a carefully choreographed phony fight. However, Prince John and the Sheriff have their own spy
transmitter on Sherwood (apparently after they somehow learned Sherwood Asteroid's secret location) and know about Robin's
good-natured fakery and of the existence of the Super-bug, which they intend to procure from Able Baker by abducting
Marmaduke for real, the Super-bug being the ransom for the youngster's freedom. The Sheriff drops a glob of Moonite, the
galaxy's most impenetrable and durable element, on top of Robin and company, who are preparing for their prearranged
ambush in N.O.T.T. troop garb of Able Baker and Marmaduke, and the Moonite forms into a bubble to encase the four outlaws.
When actual N.O.T.T. soldiers surround Able Baker and Marmaduke, Able Baker believes them to be his Merry Men friends and
resists their advances upon him and Marmaduke as per Robin's ruse. The roped boomerang arrow which Robin has lent to him
does what it was supposed to do, lassoing the laser guns of the interlopers and disarming them. When the N.O.T.T.
numbskulls punch somewhat more forcefully than was expected, Able Baker acts bravely to trip some of them, manoeuvre pairs
of them to collide with each other, and fist-duel with the others. Within less than a minute, the tussle has ended, and
Able Baker is victorious. Robin, Little John, Will, and Alan have burrowed through the ground beneath the Moonite bubble
to release themselves from their oval prison and are surprised to find that Able Baker has defeated the N.O.T.T. villains.
Robin advises Able Baker to tell nothing of their bogus battle scheme to Marmaduke so that Marmaduke remains in unabated
awe of Able Baker for the heroics of this day.
"Follow the Leader"
Will Scarlet challenges Rocket Robin's leadership, alleging that, "Being boss is merely directing others to do the work
for you." He boasts that he could lead the Merry Men as effectively as does Robin and pledges to eat his hat, feather and
all, if he should fail in this regard. Robin decides to give to Will the chance to prove this bold assertion, on the
pretence that he and Alan A-Dale must voyage to distant Aurora Asteroid and a substitute Sherwood commander is required
for the duration of Robin and Alan's travel. Will has committed himself to this responsibility and graciously accepts
Robin's confidence in him, but Little John, Friar Tuck, Giles, and the other Merry Men do not appreciate the upstart
Scarlet's barking of orders, and the problems for Will worsen when a partly bald, grey haired man claiming to be Robin's
uncle, Venusian author and philosopher Prof. Montague Harristrom, arrives on Sherwood for an extended visit and
deliberately stirs further resentment of Scarlet by Friar Tuck, Little John, and the others. He demands the liberty to
cook his own meals, that protesting Giles be relieved of duty and replaced by inept baker Little John, that Friar Tuck act
as a "bellboy", and that Sherwood's personnel adhere to a 17-hour day work schedule of simple chores to facilitate his
studies. Because Will dares not offend Robin's uncle, he orders the Merry Men to do as the professor says. They refuse to
comply- and accuse Will of currying favour with Robin's uncle, who insists that Will penalise the "mutinous" rabble by
jailing them in Sherwood's stockade, and then does a homing message-arrow, supposedly sent by Rocket Robin, strike a New
Sherwood Forest tree. Will reads Robin's note reporting that the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. is planning an attack upon Sherwood
and cannot rouse his disaffected troops to assume defencive positions. The professor promotes fighting between the Merry
Men by causing each of them to think that the others are insulting them, and Will, unable to stop the ensuing chaos,
relinquishes command and races to the communicator console to contact and recall Robin to Sherwood. Now, Harristrom
reveals his true identity from beneath a mask- Rocket Robin, who wanted to prove a point to Will, that being a leader is
no easy thing. It was Alan, on the other side of asteroid Sherwood, who dispatched the homing arrow with a bogus message.
Will must honour his promise, and Giles serves Will's hat, feather and all, to Will on a dinner platter!
"Cleopatra Meets Little John"
While hunting on an asteroid near to Sherwood, Little John finds a playful, female dinosaur that he names Cleopatra.
Deciding to adopt her, Little John brings Cleopatra to Sherwood, where she causes havoc by raiding Giles' kitchen and
sleeping on the wires to the Sherwood power grid. Robin orders Little John to return Cleopatra to her home asteroid, and
Little John reluctantly agrees with his leader. En route to Cleopatra's asteroid with the dinosaur in tow behind his
spaceship, Little John is shocked when Cleopatra's nose detects the scent of food and drags him to N.O.T.T. Castle,
smashing through the castle walls and destroying Little John's spaceship- and Prince John's feast! Prince John and the
Sheriff believe that Cleopatra is a new weapon of Rocket Robin's and jail Little John. On Little John's instructions,
Cleopatra rolls over and plays dead after being harmlessly hit by the Sheriff's laser pistol. Left by the N.O.T.T. guards
for dead, she arises and helps Little John to free himself from his prison cell. Little John rides on her back as she
flies away from N.O.T.T. Castle. They observe Prince John at a missile launching site with a rocket about to launch to hit
Sherwood, and Little John commands Cleopatra to intercept the missile after its lift-off and reverse its course, so that
it explodes at Prince John's missile launching site. After Little John and Cleopatra bid to each other a tearful goodbye
in the forests of N.O.T.T. Castle's asteroid and Cleopatra flies away, Little John finds an egg left behind by Cleopatra,
and it hatches a little Cleopatra.
"Little George"
Little John's yokel brother, Little George, comes to Sherwood Asteroid in hope of becoming one of the Merry Men. With
Robin's approval, Will attempts to give to Little George some equipment training, and the result is a broken radar system,
rendering Sherwood vulnerable to attack by the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.. Little George further makes a nuisance of himself by
devouring Sherwood's food supply, and an exasperated Robin demands that Little George replenish the food reserves. While
on a hunting expedition, Little George is captured by the Sheriff, who decides to use the unwitting Little George to lead
N.O.T.T. troops direct to Rocket Robin's headquarters, by permitting Little George to leave N.O.T.T. Castle in a provided
spaceship and return to Sherwood, followed covertly by N.O.T.T. forces. The result is a battle on Sherwood between the
Merry Men and the Sheriff, who orders his numerous troops to fire laser guns, forcing Robin's group into a cavern. Then,
Little George's pet skunk repels the invading N.O.T.T. army with its odour, and Little George is an unlikely hero.
"The Magic Medallion of Morse"
Friar Tuck, flying solo in a spaceship on a reconnaissance mission for Rocket Robin Hood, experiences an emergency
situation while hundreds of miles away from the safety of Sherwood Asteroid: insufficient spacecraft fuel to complete his
return to Sherwood and depleted food reserve. Luckily, the Friar is close to an Intergalactic Fully Automated Space
Service Module, at which he is able to replenish these supplies, but N.O.T.T. soldiers surround the I.F.A.S.S.M. and
apprehend Tuck for transport to a N.O.T.T. Castle jail cell. The Friar activates his personal electromagnetic signal
device, a radiation-symbol medallion, in a manner that registers on Sherwood as a distress signal from an in-trouble
Friar. Robin alone ventures to N.O.T.T. Castle in heroic determination of freeing the Friar. He incapacitates some of the
castle guards and is outside of Tuck's prison cell when the Sheriff's army nets and successfully captures him also. The
Sheriff summons Tuck to the N.O.T.T. Castle dining room, where he hopes to exploit the Friar's weakness for food to cause
Tuck to reveal the secret location of Sherwood Asteroid. A banquet is offered by the Sheriff to the Friar in exchange for
Sherwood's strategic coordinates, but Tuck declines to partake in the hefty meal, its price being too high. The Sheriff
promises to withhold food from Tuck until the Friar's yearning to eat becomes all-consuming. Tuck pretends to succumb to
the weakness of his flesh and, before divulging the information wanted by the Sheriff, uses food (soup, leg of lamb, green
vegetables) as ballistic weapons against the Sheriff's guards, only to be hit on the head by one of his own implements of
combat when the guards learn how to use them with equal precision. In neighbouring prison cells, Robin and Tuck
collaborate to transmit a message by Morse Code with the Friar's medallion to Alan A-Dale and Little John on Sherwood,
requesting team assistance to escape, with a "fancy firework" meteor shower created above N.O.T.T. Castle by the Merry Men
as diversion. With N.O.T.T. personnel's attention concentrated on the sky spectacle, Robin and Tuck are easily returned by
their friends to Sherwood. Robin decrees that the Friar diet for one month, and Giles prepares for the famished Friar a
lettuce sandwich on dry toast!
"The Awful Truce"
"Happy birthday to me," is Prince John's motto, as he initiates on this special day what he presumes to be the ultimate
Merry Men-entrapping ploy. Although N.O.T.T. has been at war with Martian aggressors for 100 years, the devious prince
expects that Groldan the Ghastly, Mars' most vicious warlord, and his followers, all of whom being hired soldiers who, it
is said, fight for anyone for pay, will agree to assist in the destruction of the Sherwood Asteroid outlaws. Bela Lugosi-
impersonating, blue-skinned Groldan accords with Prince John's proposal on the promise of a handsome dividend from the
N.O.T.T. monarch. His group of marauders will attack the prince's armada in spaceship combat with "dummy" practice
missiles being fired by both sides, creating the appearance of a fierce battle in which N.O.T.T. forces will require the
assistance of the Merry Men. Prince John will transmit a Mayday signal, pleading for help from Rocket Robin and company
before N.O.T.T. and all of its innocent civilians are overrun by Groldan. Once Robin's group are in space in the "war
zone", Prince John and Groldan will surround the Merry Men, who will have no alternative but to surrender, because the
Sheriff and his troops will have traced the location of Sherwood Asteroid by the rear trajectory of the Merry Men's
spacecraft and captured with threat of execution the persons remaining on its surface. Everything goes according to plan,
until Groldan treacherously replaces his spaceships' practice missiles with real warheads and announces his intention to
conquer and rule N.O.T.T., with Prince John appointed as the Sheriff! N.O.T.T.'s spaceships have aboard no warheads as per
Prince John's failed ruse, and Prince John's only hope of stopping Groldan's invasion of N.O.T.T. rests with a true truce
between himself and the Merry Men, whose spacecraft have bona fide firepower. Robin's terms for a truce: release by the
Sheriff of Maid Marion and Giles, who were the only outlaws on Sherwood when the Sheriff's army seized it, withdrawal
from Sherwood of the Sheriff and all of his men, the prince becoming prisoner of Rocket Robin until the battle against the
Martians is concluded, and all of Robin's combat personnel permitted to return safely to Sherwood. Prince John grudgingly
accepts Robin's conditions, and the Merry Men commence a counter-attack upon Groldan. On Sherwood, Giles, none too
familiar with the communications and space battle computer console and while attempting to contact Robin, launches
Sherwood's, pre-programmed, computer-controlled spaceships toward the area of ballistics. When Groldan sees the approach
of massed "reinforcements" from Sherwood, he aborts his N.O.T.T. invasion goal and retreats to Mars. Prince John honours
his compliance with Rocket Robin's terms of truce.
"The Sad, Sad Sheriff of N.O.T.T."
Prince John has had enough of the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s failures to rid the universe of the nuisance of Rocket Robin Hood.
He replaces the "simpleton" Sheriff with a verbose, over-confident man named Quilty and assigns a time of execution to the
disgraced, dismissed Sheriff. Rocket Robin's spies at N.O.T.T. Castle through their contact, Little John, report this
upsetting development to their noble leader on Sherwood Asteroid. The predictable, blundering Sheriff has been an
important asset in the Merry Men's fight against Prince John's tyranny, and his successor could not possibly be as
obligingly inept as he. Robin is resolved that the Sheriff remain alive and in Prince John's employ. So, Robin and Little
John clandestinely visit the place of execution at N.O.T.T. Castle. With arrows and a scaling rope, Robin and Little John
ascend the castle wall, Little John nonchalantly slams together two guards' heads to provide for himself and Robin a
couple of N.O.T.T. soldier uniforms, and the disguised pair of Merry Men use a laser gun to burn a circle of little holes
in the platform on which the Sheriff is scheduled to soon be disintegrated. They conceal their spaceship underneath the
capital punishment platform, and seconds before Prince John's Cosmic Disintegration Ray strikes the Sheriff standing
inside of the platform-weakening circle of holes, Little John beneath the platform uses a rope to pull the circle clear of
the structure, and the Sheriff "drops in" on Robin and Little John's spacecraft. With lightning speed, Robin and Little
John escape N.O.T.T. Castle with their guest while Quilty is marvelling at Robin's cleverness and Prince John is
denouncing the new Sheriff's incompetence. The Merry Men confine the former Sheriff to a dungeon on Sherwood and act to
redeem said Sheriff in the eyes of Prince John. With his followers in an astro-shielded space cruiser engaging Quilty and
N.O.T.T.'s army in battle at N.O.T.T. Castle's gate, Robin sneaks into the castle from its rear, scales a rope into and
out of Prince John's vault from a laser gun-formed hole directly above the prince's cache of riches, and steals the crown
jewels. The Merry Men retreat from their diversionary assault at castle front and, with Robin carrying the heisted
jewelry, return to Sherwood. They then bestow the gems for "safe keeping" to their prisoner, with full expectation that
the Sheriff will triumphantly return the jewels to Prince John after they permit- nay, help- him to escape custody at
Sherwood (with Will "accidentally" dropping the key to the Sheriff's prison cell within reach of the Sheriff therein, the
Sheriff freeing himself from the jail cell and snatching a ready-and-waiting Sherwood spaceship for a swift, albeit
perilous (the Merry Men need to remote-control-pilot the spaceship away from a collision with a mesa), flight to N.O.T.T.
Castle to bring back the jewels to a grateful Prince John, who reinstates the original Sheriff and banishes the
ineffectual Quilty to the farthest corners of the cosmos.
"Don't Make a Sound"
Robin and the Merry Men meet a happy-go-lucky boy named Jeremy, who is capable of ventriloquism and of convincingly
imitating all kinds of sounds, including burglar alarms, breaking glass, and the bellows of beasts. Robin is delighted by
his entertaining, elfin guest on asteroid Sherwood. Meanwhile, Prince John is admiring the Yellow Rubelite, the rarest
jewel of space, which he has stolen from the "white throat" of Maid Marion, to whom the glowing gem was bequeathed by her
father. The prince wants to gloat about his prized acquisition and for this purpose invites Rocket Robin Hood to dine at
N.O.T.T. Castle. Robin has been seeking an opportunity to regain the jewel for Marion and regards Prince John's dinner
invitation as a capital opportunity for entry to the N.O.T.T. fortress to accomplish the task; therefore, he accepts
Prince John's proposal, unaware that the N.O.T.T. ruler plans- after bragging about being the new owner of the Yellow
Rubelite- to feed Robin to a ferocious Trogalyger, a variant of the Earth lion. Jeremy stows away on Robin's spaceship as
Robin flies it to N.O.T.T. Castle, and while Robin is bidden by the prince to sit in a trap chair at the prince's dinner
table, Jeremy, having tricked a N.O.T.T. guard into investigating the thrown sound of approaching galloping horses,
stealthily moves through the corridors of N.O.T.T. Castle and hides behind a curtain in the castle's dining room. Behind
the curtain- and Jeremy- is the caged Trogalyger, and when Jeremy sees the ravenous cat, he panics and hiccoughs. Prince
John is thus alerted to Jeremy's presence and captures him along with Rocket Robin, who is swiftly bound in the trap
chair's metallic restraints. Robin and Jeremy are thrown by Prince John's men into the Trogalyger's cage, in which Jeremy
imitates cat meows and wins the affection of the Trogalyger, which is as much desirous of friendship as it is of food.
Jeremy commands the fierce cat to attack its captors, Prince John and the N.O.T.T. guards. In the ensuing commotion, Robin
easily snatches the Yellow Rubelite, and he and Jeremy escape N.O.T.T., accompanied by the flying Trogalyger.
"Goritang"
Maid Marion is captured by the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. and against her will betrothed to the Sheriff's clumsy, ninny son,
Quigley. Friar Tuck learns of the impending marriage when he is asked by some of the Sheriff's guards to attend and
perform the ceremony. Tuck declines to sanctify such matrimonial absurdity and informs Rocket Robin of Marion's fate.
Advising the Friar to accept the Sheriff's invitation to preside at the planned wedding, Robin hatches a delightfully
devious and ridiculous plan. The Merry Men infiltrate the nuptials at N.O.T.T. Castle with no difficulty because the
Sheriff and his troops are preoccupied with the foolish festivity, and replace Marion with a diminutive, nimble, ape-like
creature, a Goritang from planet Lucifer, concealed in Marion's wedding gown. The creature wreaks havoc in the N.O.T.T.
headquarters palace and, to the Merry Men's amusement, causes both the Sheriff and Quigley to look more foolish than they
already are.
"The Orbital Salesman"
Alan A-Dale, Rocket Robin Hood's "right-hand man", is captive of the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T. in the N.O.T.T. Castle
dungeon. He is strapped to a table, and a swinging laser beam is positioned above him to drop an inch every 20 minutes.
The Sheriff astrophone-communicates an ultimatum to Rocket Robin: unless Robin surrenders New Sherwood Forest to N.O.T.T.
forces, Alan will be sliced to pieces in an hour. N.O.T.T. headquarters, in the castle, now has a super-defence system, an
electronic dome of invincibility composed of pure anti-matter, which can only be penetrated by the Merry Men's anti-matter
inverter cannon. However, while the cannon is being primed to fire at the N.O.T.T. Castle dome, a strange spaceship
approaches Sherwood Asteroid, and the cannon's discharge is aborted by Will Scarlet, Little John, and Friar Tuck to avoid
hitting the mysterious spacecraft. The cannon is rendered inoperative due to a charred diode not replaceable within 300
light-years, and the cause of this misfortune, the itinerant pilot of the "astral junkwagon", is a carnival-barker-like
vendor (Sidney Star is his name, and selling is his game) of such wares as hair-restoring fluid that interests the Friar
and rocket polish and supersonic hairbrushes which Little John fancies. Robin is more than irritated with Star's pushy
salesman tactics in the midst the crisis with Alan, but Star's largest article of merchandise, a huge, hollow, wooden
stallion, begets a Trojan Horse ploy conceived by Robin. With Star towing the horse to N.O.T.T. Castle, Robin, Will,
Little John, and Friar Tuck hide inside of the horse, and Star, unsuspected by N.O.T.T. police of involvement with the
Merry Men, calls at the door to N.O.T.T. Castle and dupes the Sheriff into granting access to him and to his huge
commodity through the dome. He shames the Sheriff into purchasing the ornamental stallion on the pretext of wooden horses
being a popular galactic item and N.O.T.T. having a reputation for poor fashion sense. While Star continues his "sales
pitch" to include a vinyl-covered moat and castle storm windows and thereby distracts the Sheriff's attention, Robin and
company exit the horse and free Alan. The Sheriff realises that he is being tricked when he sees the Merry Men running out
of N.O.T.T. Castle, and Star remote-controls an explosive device to fly above the controls of the dome and neutralise it
and the Sheriff's guards situated there. Star and the Merry Men all easily escape N.O.T.T..
"Marlin, the Magician"
From one of the pots for Giles the cook's prepared repast for the Merry Men messily materialises with an explosion an
indigestible and inept character, another self-promoting, diminutive, offbeat vestige of Earth yore to trouble Rocket
Robin and company: Marlin the Magician, garbed in typical wizard's attire. Like a carnival barker, Marlin tries to peddle
his ware, Dr. Marlin's Voodoo Elixir, "guaranteed" to prevent ageing, mumps, measles, whooping cough, and hiccoughs, and
which drips upward, contrary to gravity, from its bottle; from the silly sorcerer's false and flame-fettered claim to
swallow fire, it is reasonable to assume that all that Dr. Marlin's chemical mixture would do is cause nasty nausea.
Rocket Robin, already disinclined to welcome the uninvited visitor, demands that Marlin disappear from Sherwood. Marlin
replies by promising to vanish Robin along with him by means of one of his incantations (e.g. "Wimpo-flame-dap-dipple-
dilly-dum-dum"). He succeeds in this regard, by teleporting both himself and the leader of the Merry Men into the bedroom
of the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.! When the Sheriff attempts to summon his guards to apprehend his two nocturnal guests, Marlin
transforms the Sheriff's tiny cat into a ferocious lion that chases Robin and the Sheriff, with them clinging respectively
to a wall light and chandelier. Only Marlin knows the magic words to reverse the metamorphosis, if only he could remember!
After several failures to re-transform lion to domestic feline, Marlin accomplishes the task and follows it with a return
of himself and Robin to Sherwood. All of the irate Merry Men threaten bodily harm upon the little sorcerer if he does not
readily remove himself from their corner of the universe. The frightened Marlin disappears, but his robe remains in the
midst of the Merry Men. Wherever he will next emerge, there had better not be any ladies present!
</PRE>
<CENTER><IMG src="tuck.jpg"><BR>
<I>In "Dr. Mortula", Robin has fallen from the horse-drawn coach on which Maid Marion and Giles are being terrified by the suddenly feral disposition of their beefy coach driver.</I></CENTER>
<PRE>
Season 2
</PRE>
<IMG src="mantamenaceimgone.jpg" align=right>
With the arrival of Ralph Bakshi in the role of in-studio-producer, the episodes of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> improved immediately in ideas and visualisation, while the cost of making the episodes was substantially reduced, to the delight of Steven Krantz. Bakshi sent many of the <B>Rocket Robin Hood</b>- Season 1 production people back to from wherever they had come, and replaced them with some of his colleagues of his earlier days at Terrytoons, some highly talented Marvel Comics illustrators, and Richard H. Thomas, formerly of the Warner Brothers cartoons, and utilised cartoon-animation techniques that, although basic, had a consistency and a quality to them. It was not until sometime later that the cartoon-animation became repetitive, but even then, the backgrounds and the ideas very much compensated for that.
<P>
<IMG src="mantaigorrrhp.jpg" align=left>
Bakshi almost entirely jettisoned Rocket Robin's conflict with the N.O.T.T. villains and started introducing his own brand of antagonistic quantities, mad and evil scientists and grotesque-looking, diabolical overlords with horrible settings and apocalyptic intentions. Or mythological horrors like the Cyclops, the Hydra, and the Medusa. The result was a run of episodes that were ominous and scary and made an indelible impression upon young viewers.
<P>
The eternal-life-achieving though averse-to-light Dr. Mortula, on an asteroid where Count Dracula would feel very much at home, wanted to extinguish the Sun, Dr. Magnet exploited his extensive control over the forces of magnetism for audacious robberies, and Dr. Manta worked to transmute plant life into animate, sentient, and deadly reptile creatures. <IMG src="medusaulyssesrrh.jpg" align=right> Rocket Robin and Little John met Ulysses and fought mythological monsters on a desolate astral body of Earthly origin, and Robin aided a latter-day Rome to repel a horde of giant-Electrosaur-riding barbarians. And there was an episode with such idiosyncratic and interesting villains as Baron Blank, Mr. Cool, and Laser.
<P>
And there was "Catch a Comet By the Tail", an episode that is exceedingly preposterous in the resolving of its situation, expecting the viewer to accept that a large boulder shot into space by a geyser could retain enough air to sustain two men for many minutes, and that the gasses in the tail of Halley's Comet could be breathable. And this is saying nothing of the effect of space's temperature. Yet, the episode is so compelling in its creative audacity (Robin and Will matter-teleported by Prince John to some lost world and needing to be propelled into space and moved into communication range of Sherwood Asteroid) that one cannot help but want to accept it. All of it. Yes, even its preposterous resolution. Who knows? Perhaps the laws governing gravity, air dispersion, comet gassing, and space temperature have changed, somehow, by the year 3000.
<P>
But as tensions mounted and strife erupted anew between Krantz and Guest, Bakshi was instructed by Krantz to move <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>'s cartoon-animation production from Toronto to New York City (the voices would still be provided by the same talented voice-artist team in Toronto). Bakshi procured as many materials as he could from the Guest cartoon-animation studio and returned to the his home metropolis of New York City, and there he produced the third and arguably the most imaginative and visually striking season of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>.
<PRE>
"Dr. Mortula"
Rocket Robin, Giles, and Maid Marion are returning to asteroid Sherwood after a productive space-cargo-supply expedition
when their spaceship is ambushed and rammed by a giant robot bat. Not equipped to fight the bat, its fuel running tanks
ruptured, and 100 tons of spare fuel in its storage tanks not accessible because of an inoperative emergency fuel pump,
the cargo spacecraft crewed by Robin, Marion, and Giles is so disabled that immediate landing is essential- on the only
nearby celestial body, an asteroid enshrouded by thick clouds. Disembarking their in-need-of-repair spaceship on the
spooky, lightning-storm-swept asteroid's craggy surface, Robin and his companions are collected by a horse-pulled coach
steered by a beefy man named Montressor. Montressor is servant to the master of Mortula Castle, and it is to there that
Robin, Marion, and Giles are brought by Montressor, who turns feral when a faint amount of light from a certain Jovian
moon can be seen in the sky of the gloomy asteroid. With luminance emitted from a ring, Dr. Mortula is able to pacify
Montressor and thereby prevent Montressor from harming his coach passengers. Dr. Mortula looks and is garbed like a
certain Transylvanian Count of Earth legend but is a congenial host to his three guests in the castle, providing them with
a meal as he explains that he is a scientist who succeeded in attaining eternal life for himself, but his immortality is
only possible with darkness; if the Sun were to shine upon him, he would die. He conquered and clouded the asteroid for
protection against the Sun's rays but is now tired of confinement and wishes to travel the Solar System. For this reason,
Mortula is intent upon extinguishing the Sun and wants for Rocket Robin Hood to perform the task with the use of
Mortula's Super-Solar Extinguisher towed by Robin toward the Sun and then released into the parent star of the Solar
System. Robin refuses to destroy the trillions of people of the Solar System for the comfort of one man; so, Mortula
activates his robot bat, Bruno, the same bat which earlier impacted Robin, Giles, and Marion's space vessel, to eliminate
Robin and company. Although confident that his bat is impervious to Robin's arrows, Mortula did not expect that Robin
would shoot an arrow at the bat control device on Mortula's belt, thereby temporarily immobilising Bruno. In simple
perpetual-darkness-terms, Robin and his friends explain the consequence of Mortula's apocalyptic scheme to sunlight-
craving Montressor and promise that the Sun will shine again on asteroid Mortula if Montressor helps them to stop
Mortula. Montressor grabs the bat control from Mortula, and Robin, Giles, and Marion command the bat to fly them out
of Mortula Castle. Back at their spaceship, Marion signals Sherwood so that a rescue party is sent, while Robin primes
the 100 tons of stored rocket fuel to detonate once the slightly operable spaceship reaches an asteroid-orbital
position- with nobody aboard it, of course. The fuel explosion depletes much of the cloud cover, and sunlight
bathes the no-longer-dreary Mortula Asteroid. Mortula flees to caves to avoid lethal exposure to Solar rays.
"The Space Wolf"
"It's the Norsemen. The Vikings have come to N.O.T.T.." Ransacking Viking warriors traverse the Solar System in their
outlandish spaceship, a rocket-powered Viking Sea Wolf, pillaging the wealth of targeted space vessels. The Sheriff of
N.O.T.T.'s transporter spaceship, en route to N.O.T.T. Castle after a visit to one of N.O.T.T.'s astral counties, is
intercepted by the space Vikings, its propulsion system encumbered by an Alpha Attractor Ray emanating from the mouth of
the dreaded "Space Wolf", and is tractor-beamed into the bosom of the Viking spacecraft. Viking Captain Erik Arthur
orders his tall and muscular soldiers to chain the Sheriff to a pillar and threatens that the Sheriff will endure the
tortuous and ultimately lethal lightning power of the hammer of Thor, Viking God of War, who also happens to be in Erik's
crew, if he does not surrender all of his wealth to the Viking raiders. The wily Sheriff pleads poverty, on the pretext
that Rocket Robin constantly steals all of the tax revenue collected by the Sheriff, and says that Rocket Robin Hood is
therefore the man to hijack and divest of riches. The Vikings release the Sheriff in his space vessel after the cretinous
N.O.T.T. official provides to them information on Rocket Robin's appearance and on that of the Merry Men's spaceships.
Erik later seizes a space cruiser piloted by Robin and Little John, pulling it via Alpha Attractor Ray into the Space
Wolf. A fierce battle ensues between the laser pistols and fists of the two outlaws of asteroid Sherwood and the spears
and metal shields of the Norsemen, the victors being Robin and Little John. However, Erik uses a lever to release a foam
that gums the legs and feet of the heroic duo and demands, with threat of Thor's hammer, that Robin release his bountiful
booty of which the Sheriff spoke, into the greedy hands of the Norsemen. Robin asserts to Erik that the Sheriff was not
entirely truthful. Robin may steal some of the Sheriff's income but not all of it, and what he has filched was returned to
the impoverished people from whom it had been extracted by cruel N.O.T.T. authority. Robin proclaims that in the vault in
N.O.T.T. Castle are piles and sacks of gold and baskets of jewels- and that he knows how the abundant plunder can be
attained through chicanery. The Viking Captain agrees to a 50:50 partnership with Robin! With Little John remaining aboard
the Space Wolf, Robin and Erik fly in the Merry Men's spaceship to the gate to N.O.T.T. Castle, Erik pretending to be
bringing Robin to the Sheriff's custody for a reward. The Sheriff allows access to Prince John's vault to Erik and Erik's
"captive" so that he can pay 2,000 gold pieces to Erik, and Erik in his zeal at seeing the contents of the vault divulges
the fact of his allegiance with Robin. Now alerted to Erik and Robin's subterfuge, the Sheriff slyly moves out of the
vault and with a shutting of its door, seals the associates in thievery inside of the "impregnable" enclosure. He has also
activated a force field around the vault hatch, and Robin manipulates the force field controls inside of the vault to
burst the door open and free him and Erik. The two are able to stealthily escape N.O.T.T. Castle with sufficient quantity
of stolen sacks of gold in their possession before Erik dissolves the partnership and beckons the Space Wolf to collect
him and all of the heisted gold- and to recapture Robin. However, Little John has succeeded in commandeering the Space
Wolf and has radio-requested assistance from Sherwood. Little John and Will Scarlet join Robin in an area near N.O.T.T.
Castle, Robin regains the riches snatched from the vault, and Erik runs away from Robin and company, boards the Space Wolf
after all of the Merry Men have departed from it, and tries to resume his Viking piracy, only to discover that the Merry
Men have rendered the Alpha Attractor Ray inoperative.
"Dr. Magnet"
Rumours of his death have been exaggerated. Dr. Magnet is alive. The space scoundrel who wears a visor with voice-register
lines like those on an electroencephalogram and who talks through an audio speaker located over his mouth, has assembled a
motley crew of outlaw mercenaries in his effort to divest the Interplanetary Bank of its gold supply. This is done with
the use of magnetism, a tractor beam magnetic field directed at the Interplanetary Bank's gold carrier platforms from an
antenna on Magnet's "innocent-looking", triangular space vessel. The magnetic ray not only pulls the gold into Magnet's
spaceship but also neutralises bank communication, alarm systems, and gold guards' laser guns. After Magnet's most
ambitious heist, of one billion dollars' worth of gold bullion, the thieving genius hopes to direct the attention of the
Interplanetary Police onto the Merry Men. Magnet has copied Rocket Robin Hood's homing arrow and inside the duplicate
arrow inserts a message stating "Rocket Robin's" intention to continue stealing gold from the Interplanetary Bank. Magnet
dispatches the arrow in the direction of Interplanetary Police headquarters, and as Magnet has planned, the police force
issues a warrant for Robin's capture. On Sherwood Asteroid, the Merry Men intercept a transmission in this regard by
police Captain Scott, and Robin resolves to meet with Scott in order to help Scott to apprehend the real culprits.
Accompanied by Will Scarlet, Little John, and Friar Tuck, Robin departs Sherwood in a spaceship and encounters Magnet's
flying triangle. Magnet announces himself and his nefarious deeds to Robin and company by radio communication before
training a concentrated magnetic blast at the Merry Men's spaceship, crippling its controls and sending it on a collision
course with the surface of Sherwood Asteroid. Robin and friends manage to activate the retro-rockets of their spaceship in
sufficient time to prevent a high-angle crash-landing. With a meteoric rock camouflage around their revitalised space
vehicle, they trail Magnet's criminal band to planet Plato, where they sneak into the cavernous lair of the evil-doer and
eavesdrop on Magnet's deliberations to learn of Magnet's next target, a 20 million dollar transfer of gold from an Earth
vault to one on the Moon. Captain Scott is leading a police convoy in escort of the gold, and the Merry Men confer with
him as Robin proclaims his innocence and announces that Dr. Magnet is the guilty party. Knowing in advance of Magnet's
seizure of the Earth-to-Moon gold shipment, the Merry Men are permitted by Scott to act to stop Magnet, with Robin
spacewalking onto Magnet's spaceship to twist the magnetic ray-firing antenna and reverse its pull. The tractor-beamed
gold changes course from going into Magnet's spacecraft to going out of it and back into the possession of the
Interplanetary Bank. Magnet frets and is easily captured by the Merry Men and by Scott, and all of the stolen gold is
retrieved from Magnet's planet Plato hideout.
"The Manta Menace"
"Sound the stimulator. Unleash my menace." Planeton is a pastoral world in the frontier of deep space, its soil abundant
in nitrolic energy essential to the diabolical experiments of Dr. Manta, an alien scientist with the physical attributes
of a humanoid mantis and the genius of Dr. Frankenstein, and who is assisted by Igor, a hunchbacked man further alluding
to Mary Shelley's tale of a doctor who dared to tamper with the forces of nature. Such is the essence of Manta's research,
too. Tapping into the nitrolic energy of Planeton, Manta has succeeded in converting the atoms of plant organisms to those
of reptiles, bestowing motor mobility to previously inanimate matter- and entirely under his control. He wishes to extend
this hybridisation of the plant and the animal for purpose of conquest. An eerie sonic symphony emitted from a Gothic
organ in the castle of Dr. Manta in a forest on Planeton transforms huge trees into rampaging dinosaurs and giant
mushrooms into Triceratops stampeders. Planeton's indigenous elfin populace is terrorised by these abominations, which
trample farm houses and threaten to penetrate the fortress of Mound City. Manta, with Igor, plays a tune of destruction on
the organ by night for maximum creepy effect. Planeton's diminutive, bearded, Irish-accented king, Planethut, suspects
Manta of responsibility for the monsters but requires the assistance of his friend, Rocket Robin Hood, to confront Manta.
A S.O.S. signal from the Planetons is received by Robin, who comes to the troubled planet to aid King Planethut in
thwarting Manta's mayhem. Robin and Planethut visit Manta's castle after being attacked by "marching trees", i.e.
dinosaurs, which were repelled by a fire-tipped arrow slung by Robin. Manta knows that he need not have any secrets from
his accusers and demonstrates the obscene power of his musical instrument. Robin falls through a trap door on the floor
beneath his feet, lands on a spider web, and must battle a flower-turned-spider-crab with his quarterstaff, while Manta's
Triceratops hoard marches against the walls of Mound City. With Planethut as his captive, Manta demands unconditional
surrender from the Planetons, but, as usual, the villain underestimates the fighting prowess and ingenuity of Rocket
Robin, who bests his arachnid opponent by striking with his quarterstaff its antenna-receiver of Manta's sonically
transmitted directives and causing it to retreat from combat. After jetting on his quarterstaff out of Manta Castle to
Mound City, Robin shoots an energy-conductor-roped arrow connected by the Planetons to the city's power generator directly
through the antennae of all of the Triceratops before the horrors can annihilate Mound City. The surge of electricity
through the sonic-information receptors of the beasts neutralises Manta's command of them, and Robin easily frees
Planethut from now-powerless Manta and Igor, who scurry away from Planeton.
"Young Mr. Ulysses"
Robin and Little John discover a sword jutting from the rock of an asteroid formed from a volcanic reaction on some
planet, and find a man in ancient Greek garb in a natural suspended animation process caused by volcanic gasses. Robin
utilises a chemical concoction to reverse the effect of the gasses and restore the Greek man to life. The Greek man is
Ulysses, who was in the midst of his quest for the legendary, omnipotence-bestowing Golden Fleece when the volcanic
reaction sent a chunk of Earth, with him and his three enemies, the Hydra- a three-headed serpent, the Medusa, and the
Cyclops, on it, into space. Ulysses' three foes are still alive in caves on the Earth rock asteroid, and when Robin and
Little John agree to help Ulysses to find the Golden Fleece, they must battle each of Ulysses' nemeses. The two Merry Men
and their Greek cohort are extremely careful not to gaze upon the Medusa's face, which can turn anyone who beholds her
into stone! Robin uses the Medusa's reflection on a cave wall to target a tranquilising arrow, fires the arrow behind his
back, and renders the Medusa unconscious. Neutralising the Hydra by encasing it in Moonite released from a trusty, hand-
held cylinder on Robin's person, the three heroes find the Golden Fleece on a pedestal, in the possession of a dozing
Cyclops, and they try to attain it before the one-eyed giant awakes. They snatch the Fleece, but Little John's joyous, "We
got it!", jolts the belligerent giant out of sleep, and the Cyclops chases Robin, Little John, and Ulysses. Not gazing
upon the unconscious Medusa, Robin places the fleece on her face, awakening her. She petrifies the Cyclops, and Robin,
Little John, and Ulysses exit the labyrinths, with Ulysses now possessor of the Golden Fleece. He chooses to remain on the
asteroid, a part of his native habitat.
"The Incredible Gem of Cosmo Khan"
The advanced and highly populated planet Thor is attacked by a marauding despot named Cosmo Khan, who freezes Thor in
time, shrinks the world to walnut size, and encases it in a protective bubble. The miniaturised Thor is then removed from
its orbit around its star and brought by Cosmo Khan to Khan's home planet of Zanador. The United Solar Systems Council
requests Rocket Robin's assistance in rescuing Thor cloak-and-dagger style from Cosmo Khan's palace, and Robin, Will, and
Little John are flown by a U.S.S. spaceship carrier to the upper atmosphere of Zanador and released from the carrier in
an aeroplane disguised as a Kogool bird to be undetectable by Khan's men. But the aeroplane is fired upon by Zanador
hunters believing it is a Kogool, and the three Merry Men crash-land on Zanador. They swim a moat and dig through dirt to
enter Khan's palace. While the gluttonous Khan is napping after a feast, the trio of Merry Men act on their opportunity
to steal the shrunken planet from Khan's chamber, by lifting it out of an electromagnetic ring and pulling it to the
ceiling with the use of a plunger-tipped arrow. Little John shouts, "We got it!" Khan awakes. The Merry Men play pass-
the-ball with the planet to keep it away from Khan, who calls for his guards. Robin and his companions subdue Khan and
Khan's men, but Khan shoots a size-restoring ray at the shrunken planet and tells to the Merry Men that they have very
little time to return Thor to its proper position in space before it returns to full size. Robin, Will, and Little John
fly one of Khan's space cruisers to return Thor to its precise position before Khan shrunk it, without a second to spare.
It enlarges to full size and is fully reanimated. Khan is imprisoned for his planetary thievery.
"Who'll Kill Rocket Robin?"
Baron Blank of planet Blotto, Mr. Cool from ice world Frigida, and Laser, three of Rocket Robin's enemies, are employed by
the Warlord of Saturn, sworn by the supposedly jewelled rings given to them by the Warlord, to ruthlessly attack the noble
outlaw of Sherwood Asteroid. Each executes his plan, every one a failure, to catch and kill Rocket Robin and Will Scarlet.
Baron Blank utilises his disintegrator implement, called the Eraser, to vanish trees and a mountain on a U.S.S. outpost
planet, thereby luring a predictably curious Robin, accompanied by Will, into the planet's spatial region, where a giant
spider under Blank's control spins a web to entangle Robin and Will's spaceship, for it to be towed to Blotto by Blank's
astronaut army. On Blotto, Blank offers a choice of death method to the heroic duo: perforation in a spiked maiden or
dissolution by the Eraser. Robin and Will distract and overpower the Baron's guards and gain possession of the Eraser,
with which they persuade Blank to join them in a spaceflight to Sherwood and thence to the U.S.S. authorities. En route
thus to Sherwood, Robin and Will's spacecraft is crippled by a freezing ray emanating from Mr. Cool's space cruiser and
falls toward the surface of an obscure planet. Robin's ingenuity prevails yet again as he modifies the ice-encumbered
spaceship's heat shield to melt the ice encasing it and bring the space vessel to a landing on the planet. Surface
temperature there plummets to 1000 degrees below zero, and Robin senses the frosty influence of his nemesis, Mr. Cool. He
and Will speedily relaunch their spaceship on a course for Frigida. Robin threatens to bake Frigida by magnifying the rays
of the Frigida sun unless Mr. Cool surrenders. This Mr. Cool does, and he joins Blank as prisoner in the cargo hold of
Robin and Will's spacecraft, which is intercepted by Laser. Robin defeats Laser by discharging Moonite from his utility
belt to cover Laser's laser pistol finger, divesting Laser of his ability to kill. Having collected their three
adversaries, Robin and Will return to Sherwood, where the rings given to each of Robin's three adversaries by Ming are
examined by Robin and found to be composed of nitroflex, a powerful explosive. The Warlord had expected the three to fail
and was planning to detonate the nitroflex rings once Robin brought the villainous trio to Sherwood, but Robin orders the
rings rocketed into space in sufficient time for their explosion to do no harm to Sherwood. The three villains are
released by Robin to avenge themselves upon Ming, who had intended their death.
"Genius in a Bottle"
Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet must rescue Maid Marion, who has been captured by a crazed robot, the legacy of Zantog,
an ancient scientist preserved in suspended animation by the robot, to which Marion assigns the name of Beast. The robot
controls an army of squid-shaped, other robots, and Robin and Will are themselves frozen as the robot plans to add them to
its collection of life form exhibits. Marion, however, is to be spared from suspended animation, to be the robot's
unwilling consort. Robin is able to use his laser pistol to melt the ice surrounding him and frees Will by the same
method, and together they reanimate Zantog to learn the robot's weakness: all of its power is channelled through a belt
around its waist. They succeed in removing the belt from the robot, who loses control over the other automatons, which
attack him, reducing him to scrap metal.
"The Tree Kingdom of Caldomar"
Monocled warrior Count Phantasmo targets the planet of Caldomar as his next conquest. The energy-rich Caldomar soil causes
the growth of mile-high trees in which the technologically advanced, peace-loving, Orientals-like people of Caldomar have
constructed immense cities, and Phantasmo hopes to distill the Caldomar soil into a super-fuel to power his robot soldiers
and machines (i.e. armoured tanks and saucer-shaped space laser-gunships) of destruction. To do this, he must subjugate
the Caldomar population. Commanding his war fleet of space gunships to base in the least populated part of the planet and
to dig deep underground, Phantasmo plots to destroy the Caldomar civilisation at its literal roots. He and his robot
troops burrow into the vicinity of the outlying city of Nomar, where he uses his ultra-powerful atomic sword to strike at
the arboreal metropolis' foundations, toppling the tree wherein Nomar is situated. Word of this catastrophe reaches the
Caldomar capital city. There, Rocket Robin Hood, Will Scarlet, and Little John are honoured guests in Caldomar's
celebration of 300 years of peace. Their host and Robin's school friend, Caldomar Prince Sim, is aghast to learn of
Nomar's fate. Phantasmo contacts Sim by astral-communicator to demand total surrender. If Caldomar's citizens yield to
Phantasmo, they will be enslaved; if they resist him, they will die in the devastation of their cities. Caldomar is not
practised in war, and Sim needs the help of the Merry Men to fight against Phantasmo. Robin, Will, and Little John are
happy to participate in this task. They use Phantasmo's transmission to trace the location of his centre of operations on
Caldomar and swing on Caldomar tree vines to stealthily approach it. Little John fells a line of Phantasmo's robot
soldiers with one swish of his quarterstaff, and Robin confronts the Count in physical combat and gains possession of the
atomic sword. Phantasmo escapes the trio in one of his spaceships and retaliates against them and against the people of
Caldomar by igniting a spreading fire in the forests. The Merry Men return to Prince Sim in advance of the holocaust and
assist Sim's scientists to concoct crystals to seed the clouds of the planet and begin a drenching rainfall to douse the
flames. Remote-controlled spaceships containing the crystals are launched from Caldomar's urban capital, Phantasmo lasers
the spaceships, and the crystals are thereby released into the atmosphere. The ample rain water quenches the blaze, to the
chagrin of the Count! The Merry Men pursue and down Phantasmo's fleeing space gunship, and Robin wields the atomic sword
to knock the defeated Phantasmo's monocle out of Phantasmo's eye.
"Catch a Comet By the Tail"
Prince John hopes to rid himself of Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet by way of a matter transporter to hurl them to the
furthest reaches of space, but the overzealous Prince John fouls the process, and though Robin and Will are teleported
somewhere, it is not anywhere as far from the Solar System's asteroid field as the wicked prince had hoped. Robin and Will
are on a desolate asteroid where they are captured by savages, who prepare to burn the two Merry Men at stakes, but the
fortuitous passing of Halley's Comet and Will's inane chants that appear to the savages to be controlling the moving light
in the sky, convince the primitives to release the pair and treat them like royalty. Growing quickly bored, Robin and Will
seize a remote chance to return home by riding a boulder propelled into space by a geyser, and becoming drawn into the
tail of comet Halley. Once in space, they call to Sherwood Asteroid to give to Friar Tuck their location, and the Friar
arrives at the comet to rescue them before their air supply around the boulder is exhausted.
"The Emperor Jimmy"
Rocket Robin Hood encounters Carbonetta, an asteroid cut and faceted to look like a diamond, and lands on the smooth-as-
glass surface, where he is immediately captured by armed guards and carried in an chariot formed from laser energy, to
meet the crowned Emperor of Carbonetta, a clearly bored boy named James, and the Prime Minister, a chubby, ill-tempered,
nasal-voiced man who orders Robin's death. But Emperor James spares Robin and requests that the galactically famous Robin
demonstrate his archery skills. Alone with James (called Jimmy by Robin), Robin asks James to permit him to escape, and
the boy obliges, by going along with Robin on a phony hostage-taking in which Robin uses Jimmy as a shield so that he can
depart the jewel asteroid. Once in space, Robin contacts Carbonetta's Prime Minister to arrange to return Jimmy to the
jewel asteroid, and the Prime Minister, always having wanted the crown for himself, announces that he is now Emperor,
that he has told his people that Robin killed Jimmy, and that Jimmy will be killed as an impostor if Jimmy returns to
Carbonetta. So, Robin adopts Jimmy as a junior squire on Sherwood Asteroid, but Jimmy's enthusiasm changes to despair due
to his ineptitude at Merry Men activities. Robin assures him that with time and training he will thrive. Going with Robin
on a training flight in a spaceship, Jimmy intercepts a transmission between Carbonetta's new Emperor and Prince John,
involving a plan by the two tyrants to divide the diamond wealth of Carbonetta between them and enslave the people. Jimmy
and Robin descend to the jewel asteroid, where Jimmy proves himself a man in the battle against both the usurper Emperor
and the N.O.T.T. troops that come to the asteroid. First, Jimmy defends Robin with some fancy arrow-slinging, entangling
in rope the Carbonetta guards ordered by the usurper Emperor to kill Robin. And then, swinging on another rope, Jimmy
kicks the stomach of the ill-tempered, illegitimate Emperor. His usurper effectively ousted, Jimmy easily convinces his
people that he is who he says he is. All of the people of Carbonetta avow loyalty to Jimmy, who directs the Carbonetta
population to chip away pieces of diamond from Carbonetta's surface to throw at the N.O.T.T. men, whose greed results in
fighting among themselves and a rout of them by the united Carbonetta forces. Jimmy is Emperor again by acclamation, and
Robin bids to him a warm good-bye.
"The Eternal Planet or Romarama"
Rocket Robin Hood is alone in his spaceship, reconnoitring the fringes of known space, when he deciphers an S.O.S.
transmission from a planet in an uncharted cosmic region and informs Friar Tuck and Will Scarlet on Sherwood of his plan
to assist whoever is in trouble. However, the S.O.S. signal is a deception to lure Robin close to the planet, from which a
beam of energy is emitted to surround, seize, and pull Robin's spacecraft to the planet's surface for a crash-landing
there. The event is being monitored by three men of whom the leader, Tug Lug, intended to entrap Robin as fodder for his
fearsome pet Electrosaurs, dinosaurs that discharge matter-obliterating neutron rays from their nostrils. The Electrosaurs
attack Robin in the area of Robin's crashed spaceship, and instinctively, Robin fires his laser gun at the beasts, but the
laser energy only increases their size! Robin tries to shelter himself in his spaceship by activating its heat shield for
protection against the Electrosaurs' neutron rays, but the monsters by their mouths grab Robin's spacecraft, with Robin
still inside! Tug Lug, who has command over the Electrosaurs, orders them to bite into Robin's metal refuge, but before
the horrible latter-day dinosaurs can complete this action, Robin's space vessel is again manipulated by an enwrapping
surge of energy. This time, it is levitated out of the mouths and reach of Tug Lug's pets and carried in a strange
aeroplane to the walled city that Tug Lug curses for its interference. In the fortified city, which is patterned like
ancient Rome but with high technology, Robin meets the benevolent Emperor Claudius of Roma Seconda, established by Romans
who harnessed the eruption of Vesuvius to escape the miseries of Earth. After millennia of peace, the Romans on their
second planetary home are now threatened by Tug Lug's hoard of barbarians. Tug Lug is in possession of some of the same
technology owned by Roma Seconda (e.g. the spaceship-moving tractor beams), and the Romans cannot repel, with their
catapulted disintegration "rocks" composed of de-atomising anti-matter, an impending massed assault atop Electrosaurs by
Tug Lug's group of marauders because, as Robin has observed, the Electrosaurs are impervious to all forms of energy,
including that produced in impact by Roma Seconda's anti-matter weaponry. Robin assists the Roman champion, Marcus,
Claudius' son, in a personal confrontation with Tug Lug and with the Electrosaur atop of which the vandal leader sits. He
slings an arrow directly into the mouth of the roaring beast. The Electrosaur is reduced to baby-size, Tug Lug temporarily
withdraws from battle, and Robin and the Romans deduce that Robin's iron-tipped arrow acted like a lightning rod, causing
a reverse flow of the monster's neutron energy. The Electrosaur's Achilles heel is in its throat. In accordance with this
discovery, Robin and Claudius arrange for the catapults positioned along the city perimeters to shoot solid steel blocks
(which are used for Roma Seconda wall construction) directly into the mouths of the Electrosaurs when Tug Lug initiates an
all-out aggression against Rome. Every Electrosaur is diminished to hand-held cuteness, Tug Lug is defeated, the Romans
rejoice, and Friar Tuck is transported in a bubble to the planet to join Robin in a Roman feast.
</PRE>
<CENTER><IMG src="helmet02.jpg"><BR><I>Dr.
Medulla, with his planet-controlling mechanism, in "The Living Planet".</I></CENTER>
<PRE>
Season 3
</PRE>
<IMG src="nocturnesplanet.jpg "align=left>
Production of the third season of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> began at what was called "Ralph's Spot" in New York City. Ralph Bakshi fully put his stylistic stamp onto the television programme, with the result that the most visually and conceptually impressive <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> episodes are arguably those of Season 3. <IMG src="nocturneandcaliban.jpg" align=right> "Dementia Five", "Lord of the Shadows", "The Living Planet", and "From Menace to Menace" offer a veritable bonanza of creepily arresting images, in addition to most deadly danger for Rocket Robin and his men, with whole worlds being destroyed, cat shadows bloodily killing a dog, and an artificial planet whose constituent elements can be lethally directed against any unwitting or unwilling comer to that synthetic astral body. Other third season episodes involve a belligerent giant wreaking destruction upon an advanced city, controlled earthquakes that engulf hapless scientists, and a huge, flying sphinx that swallows spaceships. Evil scientists want to expunge the Earth, darken stars, and plunder an asteroid for lavaside before destroying said asteroid with a behemoth mountain monster, and Infinata of Dementia Five will stop at nothing to preserve the secrets of his nightmarish realm.
<P>
Some of the most intense visualisations ever to be manifest on Saturday morning television are those of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> under the full creative control of Ralph Bakshi. Bakshi stretched budgets while working to exceedingly rigid timetables to produce a run of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> episodes that truly portrayed space and its worlds and its megalomaniacal-minded life-forms as daunting and scary. When money was all but gone and there was a further five episodes expected to be produced, Bakshi, as he did with <B>Spiderman</B>, cobbled together some "cheater" episodes using existing footage. <IMG src="dreamplanetrrh.jpg" align=left> "Planet of Dreams" is quite an inventive variation on the flashback episode, with Rocket Robin and his men needing to keep from falling asleep by remembering their past experiences. The other "cheater" episodes reuse footage, even dialogue, from previous third season episodes to present sequels to past encounters with certain villains, with, in some cases, almost no measurable difference from how the original tussle of Robin (or Robin and accompaniment) against villain had proceeded. Cartoon-animation and backgrounds are reused wholesale, with only some perfunctory expositional dialogue to give some semblance of a new and different storyline. Whereas <B>Spiderman</B>'s "cheater" episodes are often quite creative in their construction, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>'s "cheaters" are mostly half-baked in conception and tenuous, at best, in their story plot development, and non-availability of some of the voice talent was a complication that further reduced the value and quality of the five "cheater" episodes. With the exception of "Planet of Dreams", all of them are forgettable and disposable. But they should not detract from what had preceded them in Season 3. Absolutely not!
<P>
<IMG src="rrhonmedullaplanet.jpg" align=right>
"The Living Planet", in positing that a planet, albeit an artificial one, could be a living, single, holistic entity, references the concept of Gaia, the exquisite notion that a planet and its ecosystem could be alive and conscious as a being, a life-form, its flora, its geological formations, its atmosphere, its environment being its bodily organs or appendages and its processes, all performing a function contributing to the whole planetary body's life-force. And that planetary body possessing a consciousness, a sentience. Though the planet's sentience in "The Living Planet" comes from the brain waves of evil scientist, Dr. Medulla, through a machine called a galvomagnetiser, the principle of Gaia in its <IMG src="planetheartrrh.jpg" align=left> most elaborate iteration, is still very discernibly present. A planet heart is even seen to beat. It is a profoundly sophisticated concept, and <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> dared to utilise it for one of its most impressive episodes. There is some Gaia invoked also in the machinations of Dr. Manta in "From Menace to Menace" as he is able to instill some sentience into formations of rock, such that they become fearfully deadly and destructive animals.
<P>
"Dementia Five" proposes that thought alone can form dimensions of horrific substance, fully autonomous and co-existing with normal space, and able to cross into normal space to destroy highly populated astral bodies and individual space travellers, in addition to selectively pulling persons into them for the most nightmarish of experiences. Then there is, in "Lord of the Shadows", the idea that the forces of darkness do exist in the universe as corporeal entities and can be destructively harnessed where starlight is weakest or not present at all. Amazing material! <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> was no longer about an inept magician, an animal-sound-making, elfin boy, or an ineffectual and goofy would-be bridegroom. With its third season, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> became conceptually provocative space horror, quite aptly befitting, and indeed often surpassing, its overall Gothic aesthetic.
<PRE>
"The Dark Galaxy"
Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet on Sherwood Asteroid watch an Earth news broadcast announcing that one of Robin's long-
time friends, Sir Godfrey Humbolt, is missing and presumed dead. Humbolt had been exploring a fearsome region of the
cosmos called the Dark Galaxy, before his reconnaissance space cruiser was subjected to intense blasting from nuclear
missiles. Humbolt dispatched into space a message capsule containing his final mission report wherein he tried to warn the
universe of a unspecified threat, before all communication from him ceased. Robin believes that Sir Godfrey, a "tough old
bird", is yet alive somewhere in the Dark Galaxy, into which Robin and Will penetrate in hope of rescuing Humbolt. The
twosome land their spaceship on a planet inhabited by giant reptiles and savage humanoids. Surveying on foot the planet's
surface, Robin and Will are beset by the brutes, and a violent fight results. The primitives capture Will, who notices
that a pendant worn by one of them has Humbolt's initials on it. Ergo, Humbolt was on this wretched planet at some point
in time. Robin re-boards and flies his and Will's spaceship into the mouth of a volcano to which Will is condemned to
death by his apish captors, and rescues Will from the fall into molten lava. The pair hasten to leave this planet, with
the primitives in pursuit. A spear thrown by one of the savages ruptures the fuel tank of Robin and Will's spacecraft,
forcing an emergency landing by the intrepid duo on a neighbouring planet with East Indian and Egyptian architecture. A
giant sphinx pursues, swallows, and transports the two Merry Men to the lair of the evil Count Adolf, who, assisted by an
army of robot mummies, plans to conquer the universe. Count Adolf consigns Robin and Will to a spike-walled jail cell,
where they find Humbolt, who tells to them that Count Adolf uses an atomic brain to control the mummies. The three
prisoners escape their converging-wall prison by dint of Robin's skill at archery and the capacity of his arrow to remove
iron bars from jail cell windows. Learning from Sir Godfrey that Adolf's observatory building is the location of the
atomic brain, Robin executes a plan to utilise the mummies to destroy the brain in a stampede by leading the mummies on a
chase through the observatory building. The mummies mindlessly smash the delicate equipment composing the brain. When the
brain is destroyed, Adolf's power over the mummies is broken, and the mummies rebel against him. Robin, Will, and Humbolt
depart the Dark Galaxy in the giant sphinx that belonged to the Count.
"Space Giant"
The Merry Men's friend, Tiny, the amiable Giant of Zeno, is turned into a rampaging monster when the Minutiae inhabitants
of a black cloud mechanically generate a thunderbolt to strike Tiny's head, befog his conscience and gentle nature, and
energise his latent aggression. Tiny begins demolishing the buildings of a city inhabited by normal-sized Zenons, and
Robin, Will, Little John, and Friar Tuck are unable to communicate with Tiny, who punches their spaceship. The Zenon army
prepares to discharge an atomic howitzer against Tiny, and the Merry Men, having escaped their crippled spaceship,
perceive the black cloud moving above Tiny to give to the giant another mania-inducing jolt. Robin undergoes a reducing
process so that he is small enough to enter the cloud and battle its micro-organic occupants who are using Tiny to destroy
Zeno's civilisation so that they can assume control of the planet. Robin ignites a fire that consumes the cloud and its
micro-organic denizens, and Robin escapes the inferno and returns to full size. Tiny recovers to his lucid, kindly state
of mind and remorsefully agrees to help to rebuild Zeno's city.
"The Haunted Asteroid"
Colonel Horatio Spaulding and his weaselly assistant, Gideon, are being transported by the Merry Men to a conference of
military leaders, when their spaceship is attacked by mysterious forces and crash-lands on an asteroid widely believed to
be haunted. The asteroid was once home to a magnificent alien civilisation and is said to have a deserted city with great
riches, and ghosts supposedly guard the asteroid and city against interlopers. Gideon is most insistent about the haunting
being truth. However, Robin is never one to believe in the supernatural, and when his party, trekking across the gloomy
surface of the asteroid, is attacked by skeletal dinosaurs, by giant, man-eating plants that appear to consume Gideon,
and by bat-like things firing freezing rays from their eyes, Robin removes pieces of the hostile creatures that have a
mechanical look. Robin theorises that the attacking creatures were robots. The heroic group finds the legendary city and a
number of lizard-like things that are loading the priceless artifacts of the city into rockets. Robin grabs the leader and
finds that it talks in a familiar voice and is just a man in a costume. Removing the mask, Robin, to no surprise, finds
Gideon, who had planned to steal the wealth of the city and use the haunted asteroid legend as a "smoke screen". Robin's
men capture all of Gideon's thugs to be delivered to the United Solar Systems authorities, and depart the asteroid in one
of Gideon's rockets.
"The Plot to Destroy N.O.T.T."
Prince John has devised a one-of-a-kind super-missile whose existence, he believes, will bring terror and order to the
Solar System. But the Warlord of Saturn attacks N.O.T.T. Castle, raids the hangar, and snatches the missile. Prince John's
only hope of reclaiming the missile is to infiltrate Ming's fortress by stealth, and the Merry Men are most adept at this.
So, Prince John contacts Sherwood Asteroid to plead for Robin and company to help him to recover his property. Robin knows
that the Warlord of Saturn is the worst of two evils, that while Prince John is a "stand-pat" despot, the Warlord is a
conqueror who has no compunction about using the missile. So, Robin agrees to help Prince John! Robin, Will, and Little
John sneak into Ming's fortress, narrowly escaping many deathtraps, and gain access to the hangar where the missile is- to
find the Warlord himself guarding it. In retaliation for Prince John sending the Merry Men to filch the missile, the
Warlord fires it directly at N.O.T.T. Castle! Robin leaps onto the missile as it launches, and rides it into space. Will
fights with the Warlord and turns the effect of the Warlord's freezing ray ring onto its wearer. Escaping the Warlord's
fortress, Will and Little John fly alongside the rocket as Robin adjusts the mechanism to neutralise the detonator so that
when the rocket reaches N.O.T.T. Castle, all that it does is give to Prince John a harmless "fireworks show".
"The Solar Sphinx"
Robin, Will, and Little John are preparing to attack what appears to be one of Prince John's tax space-wagons when the
spaceship changes its appearance. It discharges a paralytic substance onto the hull of the three outlaws' spacecraft and
pulls the trio and their space vessel inside of its fully robotised structure for a journey to asteroid Nilor that is
fashioned like ancient Egypt, with walking mummy robot-guards. The Nilor ruler, Emperor Tut, introduces himself to the
Merry Men and says that he brought them to his asteroid to crown them as princes, providing that they help him to conquer
the universe. Robin declines, of course: "Sorry, old boy. But I'm really Napoleon. And these (Will and Little John) are
Humpty and Dumpty. We have a date for a ping-pong game with Alexander the Great. Maybe some other time." Tut furiously
orders his mummies to seize the trio and to throw them into a dungeon with walls that converge onto them. Little John's
jet-quarterstaff stalls the enclosing walls momentarily, until the three Merry Men are able to use acrobatics to propel
themselves above the walls and out of danger. They then are met by an aged and bearded man named Ezra, leader of a Nilor
rebel group that wants to overthrow Tut's tyranny. Ezra gives to Robin a map indicating the location of a launch area
where the Merry Men snatch a spaceship to escape Nilor. Tut activates his "ultimate weapon", a gigantic, flying sphinx,
to pursue Robin, Will, and Little John. It bites into and swallows their heisted spaceship- and ingests them too! Inside
the Solar Sphinx, Robin chooses to corrupt the sphinx's mechanism by ramming a gear into a wheel. Robin and his friends
parachute to Nilor from the wildly spinning sphinx before it collapses into itself and explodes. They infiltrate Tut's
palace by disguising themselves as mummies, with wrap-fabric adapted from the parachutes, and administer a consciousness-
divesting strike to Tut's head with a metallic food tray. His now-directionless mummy robots easily deactivated, Tut is
arrested by the revolutionary group led by Ezra.
"Lord of the Underworld"
Three scientists are swallowed by the Earth, the victims of two consecutive earthquakes. Robin does not believe in
coincidences, and Dr. Von Beck, one of the missing scientists, once saved Little John's life. So, Robin, Little John, and
Will fly to Earth to investigate and hover over one of the earthquake sites. The ground beneath them opens and pulls their
spaceship into the Earth, to an underground river. They swim ashore to a maze of caverns and are met and captured by a
midget scientist named Lord of the Underworld, who kidnapped the scientists to use their knowledge, mechanically extracted
from their brains, for constructing a bomb to trigger a highly volatile Earth's core element, magnium, a spoonful of which
can destroy a city. Underworld has extracted enough of it to reduce the Milky Way to dust, leaving sufficient magnium in
the Earth's core to obliterate Earth in retaliation for Earth's thwarting of his prior scheme to seize power there.
Underworld plans to depart Earth with his huge supply of magnium, having locked the three Merry Men in a prison cell- to
die with everyone on Earth when the magnium in the planet's core is triggered by a timed bomb. Robin, Will, and Little
John escape their confinement. Will follows and stops Underworld's escape vehicle, and Robin slings a roped arrow to pull
the bomb away from its assigned, magnium-triggering position and throws it into a cavern where it explodes harmlessly.
The Merry Men free the three scientists and leave Underworld to the Earth authorities.
"The Ghost Pirates"
The Flying Dutchman, famed ghost-ship of Earthly legend, doomed to sail for eternity with a phantom pirate crew and
commanded by a ruthless Captain Vandergeist, appears periodically in Solar space, raiding cargo spacecraft and bringing
terror to the interplanetary space-shipping lanes. Rocket Robin Hood is asked by the Solar System Space Guard to provide
safe passage of the beautiful Princess Leia of Jupiter to Saturn for a royal wedding. But the presence and fighting power
of Robin's intrepid group is ineffective against the sudden manifestation of the Dutchman. The Dutchman slams into Robin's
space cruiser, which is then swiftly invaded by an overwhelming number of Vandergeist's raiders. The Princess is captured
for ransom, along with Friar Tuck and Will Scarlet. Robin does not believe that Vandergeist and the Dutchman are
supernatural. The punches and sword strikes of Vandergeist's minions are too solid for ghosts. Joined by Little John, who
rescues him from his rammed and crippled spaceship, Robin trails the Dutchman to Caribia, the Ocean Asteroid, and to a
bubbled city that rises out of the water, admits entry to the Dutchman, and submerges. Robin and Little John attract the
laser energy of a mutant eel to break through the bubble at its weakest point. The heroic pair free Will and the Friar.
Robin fights with Vandergeist, who is no ghost; the Dutchman's "ghostly" visitations are technological fakery. With one
punch, Robin overcomes Vandergeist and citizen-arrests him. The pirates are defeated, and the Princess is freed.
"Dementia Five"
By far the spookiest and most provocative episode of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>! Scientist Athom of planet Goth in the Galaxy of
Kamosah has, with his computers, discovered the secrets of Infinata, one-eyed, skeletal ruler of a frightening,
psychedelic dimension where thought is reality and Infinata's wicked thoughts are all-powerful- so powerful that he is
able to invade normal space and destroy all worlds that pose a threat to his dimension, Dementia Five. Athom's conversion
of all of Kamosah's accumulated knowledge, including the secrets of Dementia Five, into a library accessible by any
technological civilisation, dooms Goth, as Infinata attacks and obliterates Goth before Athom can use his information.
Flying a rocket, Athom escapes his exploding planet. He carries the Library of Goth, reduced to a portable, spherical
module, into space in hope of finding a civilisation that can decode and apply the data to defeat Infinata. Infinata knows
that Athom yet possesses the Library and orders a trio of his blobby minions to fire destructive psycho-waves at Athom's
rocket, crippling it, despite its protective shell of meteoric rock, and sending it on a crash course with Sherwood
Asteroid. But Rocket Robin orders that Sherwood's trajectory be mechanically altered so that Athom's rocket does not
collide with it and parachutes as a tiny packet into Robin's hand. Athom is insect-sized in relation to Robin and lives
long enough with his mortal wounds sustained in the crippling of his rocket, to telepathically communicate his mission to
Robin and bestow upon the Merry Men the Library of Goth, which must be brought to the United Solar Systems Agency where it
will presumably be safe. Robin and Little John leave Sherwood, in a spaceship to transport the Library to the U.S.S., but
Infinata attacks, hurtling their spaceship impossibly past the speed of light so that it breaks apart. Robin orders Little
John to compute the spaceship's last position before it explodes, throwing Robin and Little John into space, but not
normal space. After being compelled to ascend a stairway and cross through a portal, they are in Dementia Five, where
Infinata tries to choke the location of the Library out of them. Then, when Robin's ring, which Infinata infers must
contain the tiny Library, is found to be empty, Infinata sentences Robin and Little John to die in a quicksand-like pool.
But Robin closes his eyes and finds himself floating in normal space. He orders Little John to do the same, and both have
learned Infinata's jealously-guarded secret, that Dementia Five is all illusion, existing only in the minds of those
persons who believe in it, and that by closing their eyes and minds to Infinata, Robin and Little John will be free. This
they do, and they are back in normal space, instantly rescued by a United Solar Systems Patrol space vessel, and the
Library of Goth is recovered at the precise position where Robin and Little John's spaceship exploded.
"Lord of the Shadows"
Dr. Nocturne, "wizard of cosmic darkness, sorcerer of the perpetual night to which all black forms obey," uses an ammonia-
gas-firing asphyxiator to blot out sunlight. On Sherwood, Robin and Friar Tuck observe the darkening of stars near to the
Solar System. Robin embarks on a solo mission to investigate the phenomenon and comes to the planet of the most recent
victim star. A boy on the bleak planet, while walking his dog, is attacked by the shadowy but solid and deadly forms of
multiple, vicious cats, formed by Nocturne's sorcery. Robin seeds the planet's sun with sodium, which reverses the ammonia
gas' effect, and the result as a brightening of the sun, saving the boy from death by the murderous cat shadows. Robin
lands his spacecraft on the planet, and Nocturne orders the sun re-darkened, then releases the power of his feline shadows
upon Robin, who, outside of his spaceship, is levitated out of danger by a transporter beam that conveys him to an
elevator for descent to an underground city. There, Robin meets Tondo, the father of the boy whose life that Robin has
saved. Robin is told by Tondo about Nocturne's sorcerous powers of darkness and about the black villain's awful plan to
extend his dark dominion through the universe. The inhabitants of the underground city have maintained a brave "front"
against Nocturne's insidious powers by channelling solar energy for electrical light, but with Nocturne's sunlight-
asphyxiating device, the underground dwellers cannot hope to endure much longer. So, Robin leads an attack group of
Tondo's best men disguised as "shadow bats" and armed with fluid mercury guns and firecrackers to bring the battle to
Nocturne's castle. Nocturne and his servant, a stone creature, are surprised by Robin's assault, and Nocturne attempts to
douse the firecracker lights but is subdued by the bombardment of mercury by Robin and company, reduced to a liquid pool,
bottled, and corked!
"The Living Planet"
A fiendish, balding scientist named Dr. Medulla has used the combined genius of many worlds' most eminent scientists to
construct a giant brain in the form of a planet whose collective life-force is controllable by a machine, a
galvomagnetiser, linked to Medulla's own brain waves. Each grain of sand and piece of vegetation is a living cell or
nerve, and there is a beating heart. Medulla is able to manipulate the artificial planet's constituent elements and
weather patterns to generate violent storms that radiate into space and pull Rocket Robin Hood, on a solitary journey in a
spaceship, to the brain-planet's surface, where Robin is attacked by giant, carnivorous plants that enwrap and seize his
spaceship, then by a volcano which forms around him and emits deadly hydrochloric acid gas. Robin is spared from a
stifling death by men with curare-tipped pick-lances relaxing the part of the brain-planet that they touch. Riding on jet-
powered air cars, Robin's saviours transport him to the Unconscious Forest, that part of the brain-planet where Medulla
has least dominion, and confer with the noble outlaw of Sherwood Asteroid. They were the scientists who were tricked by
Medulla into building the brain-planet by Medulla's falsely stated ideal of mind-over-matter for peaceful purpose, i.e. an
end to interplanetary war. The brain-planet has grown in potency and now has the capacity to teleproject impulses to
control or to destroy life everywhere. When the deceived scientists became cognisant of Medulla's megalomania and his
personal symbiosis with the artificial planet, they revolted, ran from Medulla's castle headquarters, and became nomads of
the Unconscious Forest. All except for one scientist, Hugo, Medulla's only present assistant. Robin and his new friends
deduce that the brain-planet has a motor-reflex, an involuntary nerve centre, Cerebellum Crater, that can be short-
circuited, triggering a paralytic chain-reaction. From air cars, Robin and company drop incendiary bombs of their own
makeshift manufacture into Cerebellum Crater. Medulla panics and increases the power of the galvomagnetiser, Cerebellum
Crater short-circuits, the brain-planet is immobilised, and Medulla's machine instruments explode. Medulla and Hugo flee
the flambeed castle and are caught by Robin and the other scientists and placed atop a pick-lance.
"From Menace to Menace"
An adversary from Rocket Robin's past, Dr. Manta, plays his favoured musical instrument, an organ that transmits
electrical impulses to give rampaging movement to inanimate matter, to form giant, mechanical beetles from giant mushrooms
to capture and enslave the inhabitants of a majestic city on an asteroid. With his humpbacked assistant, Igor, Manta
consigns those persons captured to toil in the asteroid's lavaside mines. One of the victimised people manages to send a
distress call to Rocket Robin Hood, and Robin and Will Scarlet travel to the asteroid to successfully battle Manta's
beetles (by usurping robot control of them to cause a massive beetle collision), stone elephant (by luring it to a cliff
top, from which it falls to its doom), gargoyle (by pulverising it with laser energy from Robin's laser ray pistol), and
castle moat alligator (by puncturing its mouth and carcass with a sharp twig thrust into its mouth by Robin), in an
insistent effort to foil Manta's scheme to acquire large quantities of lavaside, the most powerful explosive in the
universe. Manta's final move is to create a mountain monster programmed to destroy the asteroid, and Robin commandeers
Manta's spaceship, filled with lavaside, to ram into the monster, after first ejecting from the spaceship at sufficient
distance to avoid being caught in the explosion. Robin and Will apprehend Manta and Igor by gunpoint and free the
asteroid's populace.
"Planet of Dreams"
Crash-landing on a planet whose flora, giant mushrooms, release a gas that blocks subspace radio waves and induces
permanent sleep, Robin, Will, Little John, and Friar Tuck must stay awake by telling stories, true stories, of some of
their previous adventures- with reused footage from "From Menace to Menace", "Space Giant", "The Plot to Destroy
N.O.T.T.", and "Dementia Five". They are able to stave off sleep until morning on the planet, when sunlight destroys the
gas, permitting their distress transmitter to signal a rescue spaceship.
"The Storm Makers"
Wild space storms are spreading and threaten to cast the entire Milky Way into darkness, and a stolen device capable of
generating the instabilities that cause the storms, is believed to be responsible for the adverse space weather. The
suspected culprits are Nocturne and Manta, who have joined forces and are operating from the anti-matter universe. Robin
is transported into the anti-matter universe to battle first Manta, then Nocturne in clumsily reused footage from "From
Menace to Menace" and "Lord of the Shadows". Robin again defeats both, of course.
"Jaws of Steel"
Investigating rumours that the Solar Sphinx is being operated again, Rocket Robin, Will Scarlet, and Little John journey
to familiar ground on asteroid Nilor. The landing of the trio's spaceship on Nilor is monitored by their nemesis, Emperor
Tut: "So, they've come back! Fools!" This is a retread of "The Solar Sphinx", on the pretence that Emperor Tut's motive is
revenge for his previous defeat, and he repeats nearly all of his prior mistakes. Robin, Will, and Little John gain
control of Tut's giant, spaceship-consuming sphinx, and this time, they cause it to collide with Tut's Nilor palace.
"Slaves of Medulla"
With reused footage from "The Living Planet", "From Menace to Menace", "Lord of the Underworld", and "The Plot to Destroy
N.O.T.T.", Robin, Will, and Little John battle Dr. Medulla and Hugo, who have teamed with Underworld and Igor for the
purpose of universal domination by use of the galvomagnetiser, powered by minerals mined by the people of the same
asteroid seized by Dr. Manta in "From Menace to Menace". This episode is a mess, with explosions lasting for more than ten
seconds simply to fill time, unclear terms of alliance between Medulla and Underworld, the latter again in possession of
three missing scientists merely because said scientists happened to be in the clumsily utilised "Lord of the Underworld"
film elements, and a scene showing the Warlord of Saturn, whose presence here is unexplained. Robin and company prevail
over their foes with repeat heroism from all of the episodes from which footage is culled.
"Return Trip"
Worlds are being bombarded by missiles, and this is occurring in the region of space where Infinata was encountered by
Robin and Little John. Believing that Infinata is responsible, Robin, Will, and Little John dare to enter Infinata's
domain, and Infinata releases a beetle army and stone elephant (in scenes from "From Menace to Menace") upon them. They
survive these and confront Infinata, who says that they have intruded upon his realm for nothing, that Prince John is who
is really responsible for the bombardments, and they intercept one of Prince John's missiles and send it into a reverse
trajectory (in scenes from "The Plot to Destroy N.O.T.T.").
</PRE>The legacy of the three-season-long <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> offers some
intriguing anecdotes. The <B>Spiderman</B> television series of 1967-70 utilised
extensive footage from <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>'s "From Menace to Menace" and
"Dementia Five" for two of its Ralph Bakshi-produced episodes, a certain side
view of Rocket Robin's face was repainted and used for <B>The Undersea
Adventures of Captain Nemo</B>, an educational series of five-minute cartoon
shorts provided to the CBC television network by Al Guest and his wife, Jean
Mathieson, in the mid-1970s, and a housing subdivision in Mississauga, Ontario,
a Toronto suburb, has the distinction of streets named in honour of the
<B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> characters.
<P>
<CENTER><IMG src="menace.jpg"><BR><I>Title card
for the <b>Rocket Robin Hood</b>- Season 3 episode, "From Menace to Menace".</I></CENTER>
<P>
In April, 2004, Canada's specialty television animation station, Teletoon,
began running episodes of <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> seven evenings per week. And
with Teletoon launching its Teletoon Retro broadcasting progeny in autumn of
2007, <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> was chosen to be one of the television shows of
yesteryear to spearhead the fledgling television channel. In 2009 and 2010,
<B>Rocket Robin Hood</B> was released on DVD in Canada by Paradox Home
Entertainment by way of two four-DVD box sets. All episodes except for
"Safari" were included in the DVD release, though the picture quality of
the episodes was variable and never approximating what is expected with
commercial DVD. Happily, most of the more popular episodes, and especially
"Dementia Five", looked quite satisfactory. The second <B>Rocket Robin Hood</B>
DVD box set containing "Dementia Five", all other episodes of Season 3, and
all of Season 2, was out of stock at Amazon.ca just one day following the
DVD box set's release date.
<P>
<CENTER><IMG src="shernott.jpg"></CENTER>
<P>
IN MEMORIAM
<P>
Bernard Cowan (Narrator and other voices)<BR>
Paul Kligman (voice of Friar Tuck)<BR>
Chris Wiggins (voice of Will Scarlet and villains)<BR>
Len Carlson (voice of Rocket Robin Hood in part of Season 3)
<P>
<HR>
With thanks to Stephane Dumas for his help in summarising "Little George" and to
Richard Lukas for similar assistance in the episode synopses for "The Mystery of
the Crown Jewels", "Don Cayote McPherson", "Michael Shawn- the Leprechaun", and
"Little Little John"<BR>Thanks also to Greg Duffell for information on Al Guest
and Trillium Productions<BR>
<b>Rocket Robin Hood</b> episode images and all other <b>Rocket Robin Hood</b> images (c) Krantz Films<BR>
<B>Textual content (c) Kevin McCorry,
with all rights reserved<BR>This Web page, the remembered information, and the
observations therein are the intellectual property of the author unless
otherwise noted and may not be reproduced and then altered in any way without
the express written consent of the author, and any scholarly quoting,
paraphrasing, or other repetition of them MUST be accompanied by full stated
credit to the author, with failure to do so possibly exposing an individual or
group to litigation and possible civil or criminal penalty</B>
<hr>
<center><a href="index.html"><img src="newbanner.jpg"></a><br>
<b><a href="index.html">Kevin McCorry's Home Page</a></b></center>
<hr></html> | The Rocket Robin Hood Page
---
### **ROCKET ROBIN HOOD**
---
Written by Kevin McCorry
---
```
"Come gather around me. Space travellers surround me.
Hark now to the ballad of Rocket Robin Hood.
I may well confound you, astound you, spellbound you,
with heroes and villains, the bad and the good.
Watch now as our rockets race here from afar.
For now, with our Robin, we live on a star."
"Three. Two. One. Blast off!
Band of brothers, marching together.
Heads held high in all kinds of weather.
With fiery blasts, our roaring rockets rise,
beyond the Earth, beyond the skies!
At the side of Robin, take your stand,
with the gallant leader of our band.
Send a joyous shout throughout the land!
For Rocket Robin Hood!"
```
To a generation of Canadians, with childhood between 1966 and 1984, the legend of Robin Hood of Sherwood Forest is more recognisable as that of Rocket Robin Hood of Sherwood Asteroid, Space Age version and descendant of the medieval outlaw, who, accompanied by such latter-day Merry Men as brawny Little John, "pleasingly plump" Friar Tuck, and spirited, red-goateed Will Scarlet, continues his ancestor's crusade against heavy taxation, despotism, and the general forces of evil.
*Rocket Robin Hood and his trusty sidekick, Will Scarlet, endeavour to repel an attack upon their spaceship by giant beetles in "From Menace to Menace".*
**Rocket Robin Hood** was produced in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and later in New York City from 1966 to 1969. Al Guest of Toronto had been founder and leader of "The Guest Group", a team of cartoon animators that formed into Trillium Productions to bring the Merry Men of the future to television. Krantz Films of New York, the company also responsible for **Spiderman** (1967-70) and two series of six-minute cartoons that recounted periods and personalities in history and featured the museum-inhabiting **Max the 2000-Year-Old Mouse** and the quirky, time machine inventor, **Professor Kitzel**, financed and had ownership of the project.
In addition to some of the staff for Grantray-Lawrence Animation's **The Marvel Superheroes** (1966-8; also a Krantz Films property), Guest requisitioned illustrator talent from places as far away from Canada as England and Spain. Per-episode budgets reached a high of $18,000, prompting company chief executive Steven Krantz to hire and send Ralph Bakshi to Toronto to oversee what Krantz considered to be a problematic production. Bakshi replaced Shamus Culhane of "The Guest Group" as the **Rocket Robin Hood** in-animation-studio producer, and the style of the television series underwent a distinctly noticeable change at this time. Differences of opinion on matters creative and financial and consequent quarrels in Trillium offices resulted in Bakshi departing Toronto and moving production of remaining episodes to New York City.
The writers of **Rocket Robin Hood** evidently had a tongue-in-cheek penchant for mixing past with future (i.e. old Earth time periods with the Space Age) and myth with fantasy, with a Gothic motif distinguishing the backgrounds of many later  episodes to a desirable spooky effect. However, the production as a whole does suffer from poor cartoon animation, several half-baked sequels to earlier episodes so that animation, even dialogue, could be reused wholesale, and an arguably stereotypical pair of continuing villains, greedy, money-grubbing tyrant Prince John and the Sheriff of N.O.T.T., whose overweening ineptitude becomes so laughable as to nullify whatever attempt there may be at instilling a sense of menace. It is not surprising that **Rocket Robin Hood** does not enjoy the critical success of the other Krantz Films cartoon animation properties. **Halliwell's Television Companion**, while saying that **Spiderman** was, "...quite stylishly done," describes **Rocket Robin Hood** as, "Undistinguished cartoon capers." But it was, by and large, great fun! For Generation X, it was the equivalent of the Saturday matinee serials of the 1930s and 1940s. And at its best, with its most effective episodes, a downright scary space opus.
The speed of light is recognised in one instance as being impossible to surpass, and yet easy, fast interstellar travel is frequently referred to or accomplished, with no mention of how it is achieved. Space is said to be an airless void in some episodes, while in others humans or other air-breathing creatures can survive in the vacuum of space for quite some time without the necessary attire. However, **Rocket Robin Hood** is innocent fantasy. It is set far in the future, the Earth year 3000, when scientific possibilities are nearly infinite. Lapses in continuity can be forgiven and disbelief can be suspended, because the notion that distant descendants of Robin Hood's men will all look the same as their ancestors, share a sense of social justice, and come together to vanquish evil, is enticing enough to command the unwavering attention of young or young-at-heart viewers.
Indeed, the nobly altruistic, fighting-against-evil *raison d'etre* of the latter-day Merry Men can be said to redeem some of the lamer episodes with Prince John and the Sheriff, for it does convey to young audiences a distinct code of morality, in contrast to Prince John's unmitigated avarice and unremittingly despotic attitudes.
*Robots in Egyptian embalming attire threaten trouble for Will and Rocket Robin in "The Dark Galaxy".*
Having been mostly produced in Canada, **Rocket Robin Hood** has understandably received more exposure in the Great White North than elsewhere. Syndicated in the 1970s and 1980s for broadcast, in no particular episodic sequence, on television stations (affiliates of the CBC, CTV, and Global television networks) in Canada's various regions, **Rocket Robin Hood** tended to be shown as a Saturday morning offering, though sometimes, it was seen on weekdays.
**Rocket Robin Hood** was formatted exactly like **The Marvel Superheroes**, with each half-hour episode composed of three 6 to 7 minute segments, and with cliffhangers ending segments one and two and a recap occurring at the start of segments two and three. Each segment was assigned its own title, though the title at the start of segment one is supposed to be the one for the whole episode. However, some of the more amusing titles were attached to the second or third segments of Robin's adventures, including "Say Aaah, or Hot Tonsils", as the third segment title for "The Eternal Planet or Romarama", and "Planet, Planet, Who's Got the Planet?" titling segment two of "The Incredible Gem of Cosmo Khan".
Between the segments of each episode are descriptions of some of the **Rocket Robin Hood** characters, with appropriately amusing superlatives, and mated with rapid scenes demonstrating the characters' abilities, personalities, habits, or other attributes.
```
"Rocket Robin Hood, the happy outlaw of outer-planetary space, is the direct descendant of Robin Hood of old. He's
fast, with a joyful laugh, a ready jest, and a quiver full of futuristic arrows. Robin robs from the cosmic rich to
give to the astral poor. He's fun. He's fantastic. Rocket Robin Hood, merriest of the Merry Men in the astounding
year, 3000."
"Strongest member of Rocket Robin Hood's band is Little John, the brawniest spaceman ever to rocket through the cosmos
in the fantastic years to come. This Goliath of the galaxies has the might of a cosmic Hercules, the brute force of an
unleashed meteor, combined with a truly super weapon- the electro-quarterstaff. Little John, whose great strength is
tempered with a simple, good-hearted kindness toward all living things. Mightiest of Rocket Robin Hood's Merry Men in
the amazing years to come- Little John."
"When the problems of Rocket Robin Hood call for 'heavy' thinking, then it's time for the one and only Friar Tuck to
come to the rescue. Some, like the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T., think him fat, foolish, and not worth worrying about.
But don't you believe it! Friar Tuck, whose courage is as tremendous as his appetite, is just one of the astounding
space characters in the merry band of Rocket Robin Hood in the fantastic years to come."
"Arch-enemy of Rocket Robin Hood is the cruel space tyrant, Prince John, despot ruler of the National Outer-Space
Terrestrial Territories. With the help of the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T., the black prince plans for that terrible day
when he will destroy and conquer the entire Solar System. Well, he might, if it were not for-- Rocket Robin Hood.
Rocket Robin Hood, outlaw defender of right in the astounding years to come."
```
The cartoon animation quality is uneven and at times incontrovertibly poor, always limited but in the first season more blatantly so- because the backgrounds are not impressive enough to compensate for scarce character movement- an inherent problem with **The Marvel Superheroes**' cartoon animators, it would seem, and a liability that was no doubt a factor in Steven Krantz's dissatisfaction with the expensive production of **Rocket Robin Hood** in its first season. Fight scenes often consist of Little John's fist moving toward "the camera", a starry effect denoting impact, and a helmeted N.O.T.T. soldier falling to ground or floor, while the limit to the backgrounds of first season and some second season episodes is a lush but somehow bleak-looking Sherwood Asteroid, barren neighbouring worlds, and the scarcely furnished N.O.T.T. Castle, with occasional planetary orbs seen in the skies.
*In the titled phantasmagorical realm of the episode, "Dementia Five", Rocket Robin Hood and Little John must face their creepiest, most fearsome opponent ever.*
For Season 3, and many episodes of Season 2, standard close-ups of characters were used, with lip movement superimposed. A consequent hefty reduction in cartoon animation costs allowed for more funds and attention to go to layout and background as the series shifted away from the space opera of the battle with N.O.T.T. headquarters to such pure science fiction/fantasy as a living planetary organism, a sun-extinguishing "Lord of the Shadows", and a frightening fifth dimension where weirdest thoughts become real. Part of the way through Season 2, Ralph Bakshi funded airfare to Toronto for Warner Brothers cartoons' stalwart background designer Richard H. Thomas, to whom Bakshi assigned the task of modifying the look of the "amazing years to come". It has been speculated that the background artists under Thomas' guidance for the third season were "tripping" on LSD while they were working. Use of bizarre milieu of the kind that made the last segment of **2001- A Space Odyssey** a psychedelic experience, is **Rocket Robin Hood**'s most defining trait, and it is precisely these episodes that are best remembered by young viewers of the television series.
Backgrounds of Season 3 defy satisfying verbal description, but this writer will attempt it. Continued bleak settings were rendered darker. Hideous rock formations, for instance those on the asteroid controlled by Dr. Manta in  "From Menace to Menace", are sometimes adorned with hanging vines and surrounded by wastelands with decayed but oddly symmetrical patterns of lines and cracks in the soil, giant, exposed stalagmites, crags, winding rivers, and leafless trees with jagged branches. Medieval castles of Gothic architecture and tall, mushroom-shaped towers are situated in these unnerving locales, with skies filled with planets, crescent moons pointing downward, and multi-coloured nebulae as ubiquitous in the cosmic vacuum as clouds on Earth. Technological alien civilisations have spiral streets and stairs, microchip-shaped or top-heavy buildings with cathedral-like windows, reel-to-reel computer tapes, conspicuous levers, a laser cannon having a vertical, transparent energy tube with the power source shown building upwards in the tube, electric arcs joining a machine with a miniature sphere, and monorail cars.
 In such
completely outlandish places, a literally black villain develops his army of cat shadows which emerge from a circular pool of liquid suspended in mid-air, mechanical mummies and a huge, flying sphinx are controlled by a descendant of King Tut, and an unscrupulous scientist uses a device to mentally manipulate a planet's elements, turning plants, craters, and volcanoes into devouring monsters. Audacious material for an animated cartoon television series of narrow budget!
Equally effective is the music, including such melodies as an instrumental rendition of the main title song, played whenever Sherwood Asteroid is introduced and probably meant to signify brotherhood and good will. An "old technology" theme frequently plays over long, fading shots of machinery, for example when Tondo, the "underground gentleman" of "Lord of the Shadows", briefs Robin on the history and achievements of the indigenous race of the planet invaded by Dr. Nocturne, and when the Minutiae civilisation is first shown in "Space Giant". A music of similar feel is used in other scenes in which Robin and the Merry Men meet alien races or speculate on the nature of a menace, such as that of "Dementia Five". A tune sounding like two drumsticks being clapped together accompanies the emergence of a problem or challenge, like Baron Blank's setting of a trap for Robin and Will Scarlet in "Who'll Kill Rocket Robin?", or the surrounding of Robin and friends by the robot mummies in "The Solar Sphinx". One of the most haunting pieces of music in the series is the synthesised piano/pipe mix which plays over Robin and Little John's ordeal in "Dementia Five" and with the first appearance of the Flying Dutchman in "The Ghost Pirates". It is also heard at length in "Dr. Mortula".
*A spacecraft-engulfing, flying sphinx, about to pursue Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet in "The Dark Galaxy"*
Voice talent in this television series is of high calibre, with the late Bernard Cowan (various voices for the 1967-70 **Spiderman** television series) narrating and Ed McNamara, whose acting credits include **Silver Streak** (1976) and **Bayo** (1985), providing the resonant tones of Rocket Robin. Len Carlson, who was the voice of the seagull in CTV's **The Waterville Gang** (1972-3) and has announced for several CTV game shows, substituted for McNamara at times in Season 3. Chris Wiggins, best known as the patriarch of **The Swiss Family Robinson** (1974-5), voiced the witty and reverent Will Scarlet and such fearsome foes of the Merry Men as Infinata, the overlord of "Dementia Five", and Baron Blank of planet Blotto. Paul Kligman's piercing characterisation of fusspot Friar Tuck is similar to his rather shrilly nattering J. Jonah Jameson of **Spiderman** (1967-70), Len Birman instated an appropriate air of authoritarian arrogance to the timbre of Prince John, and Gillie Fenwick, who played the butler, Poole, in the 1968, Jack Palance version of **The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde** and can be heard as Dr. Smartyr, Dr. Conner, and feline sorcerer Pardo in **Spiderman** (1967-70), gave vocal life to the verbally polished, otherwise oafish Sheriff of N.O.T.T..
The following is a complete **Rocket Robin Hood** episode guide.
*In "The Marmaduke Caper", Rocket Robin's long-time friend, Able Baker Charlie, and Able Baker Charlie's son, Marmaduke, visit Sherwood Asteroid, and Able Baker Charlie has with him the soon-to-be-coveted Super-bug, the ultimate eavesdropping device.*
```
Season 1
```
The first production block of **Rocket Robin Hood** began with promise. Episodes like "The Time Machine", "Safari", and "City Beneath the Seas" are quite laudably rooted in pulp science fiction. Conceptually, at least. And "Prince of Plotters" and "Wily Giles" are competent, fairly effective premise-establishing and  character-introducing efforts. With "Prince of Plotters", the viewer knows the heavy-taxation-directives and tyranny of Prince John and why Rocket Robin Hood and the Merry Men are righteously opposed to him and his Sheriff. A sense of menace and mortal urgency is present in "Warlord of Saturn", and "Mystery of the Crown Jewels" is a respectable attempt at the tried-and-true "who-done-it?" type of story. But with "Jesse James Rides Again", Al Guest and his writing team decided to go along a situation-comedy route, and thus did **Rocket Robin Hood** become oddball-guest-character-of-the-week, with some "off-the-wall" personage rooted in old Earth lore somehow setting Rocket Robin's men against their N.O.T.T. foes in renewed adversarial interaction, the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. himself being increasingly a laughable villain in those episodes.
Meantime, the quality of cartoon animation and cartoon layout and background, never really having been the linchpin to **Rocket Robin Hood**'s appeal, was becoming downright laughably bad. Production costs had risen with Guest hiring more and more people, some of them from as far away as Spain. The talent of some of the newcomers to the production was questionable, and divergent approaches to drawing of characters and  backgrounds were affecting the look of the output episodes. So was the viewer served with Leprechaun and bungling-magician episodes, *et cetera*, while the ocular facets of the television show were deteriorating.
"Marlin, the Magician" is quite possibly the nadir of **Rocket Robin Hood** in concept, story development, and depiction. It probably is because of episodes like "Marlin, the Magician" that **Rocket Robin Hood** has come to quite unfairly be branded the worst cartoon-animated television show of all time, by some television historians. "Goritang", a wedding farce involving the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s ineffectually goofy, ninny son, Quigley, and an ape-like creature from the planet Lucifer, shares with "Marlin, the Magician" strong contention for the dubious status of nadir of **Rocket Robin Hood**. Definitely a "what-were-they-thinking?" episode. Guest was spending increasing sums of Steven Krantz's money on an increasingly deficient product, and according to Ralph Bakshi, broadcasters started complaining to Krantz Films about episode quality, eventually refusing to accept further episodes. Relations between Krantz and Guest deteriorated to the extent of possible litigation.
Krantz sent Bakshi to Toronto to replace Shamus Culhane as in-studio-producer and to chart a different course for the production of **Rocket Robin Hood**, and so did the troubled cartoon television series re-invent itself into the spooky opus imprinted so creepily upon the grey matter of Generation X.
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"Prince of Plotters"
First episode of **Rocket Robin Hood** introduces the wicked Prince John, castle-inhabiting, absolute ruler of the
National Outer-Space Terrestrial Territories (N.O.T.T.) and who, with his scrawny, whiny, dimwit lackey, the Sheriff of
N.O.T.T., taxes the hapless, pastoral citizens of the asteroids of the Solar System so that subsistence is almost
impossible, and gives nothing to them in return. The Sheriff's beefy, cruel deputy, Titanor, slams peasants' heads
together when said peasants bemoan their misery and uses his Neuron Puppet Rod to induce a protesting asteroid-village
mayor to dance and to cry like a baby before arresting the mayor for a couple of years in N.O.T.T. Castle's dungeon. Enter
Rocket Robin Hood, descendant of medieval England's Robin Hood. Rocket Robin intends to steal Prince John's ill-gotten
riches from the vault in the tyrant's castle for distribution to the beleaguered peoples of the Solar System- and to
humble the notorious Titanor. To this end he has the help of his Merry Men of Sherwood Asteroid, all of whom are the many-
generations progeny of the original Robin Hood's outlaw group. To enact the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s "wonderful" plan to
destroy Rocket Robin, Prince John contacts Sherwood by video communicator with a proposition: if Robin can defeat Titanor
in personal combat in the vicinity of the Elthrak Asteroid Swarm, the N.O.T.T. peasants' taxes will be lowered. The prince
expresses confidence that Robin will lose the duel, and Robin dares not decline to fight, for he will throughout the Solar
System be branded a coward. Robin accepts Prince John's challenge and confronts Titanor in competition by lance and space-
ski in the designated location, his Merry Men watching the battle by video communication monitors on Sherwood. Robin
proves his superior agility as he dodges every swing of Titanor's lance, then knocks Titanor's lance out of Titanor's
barbarian clutches and sneakily programmes Titanor's space-ski control to propel the hulky acolyte of N.O.T.T. into
collision with an asteroid. After Robin easily confiscates Titanor's laser gun and points the weapon at Titanor's head,
Titanor yields the battle. However, Prince John has no intention of honouring his promise to lower the peasants' taxes,
and N.O.T.T. soldiers emerge from the Elthrak Asteroids to surround and capture Rocket Robin. At N.O.T.T. Castle, Robin is
sentenced to death by Prince John by means of crystallisation globes capable of changing any atomic arrangement into
beautiful, clear crystal. The evil prince orders the release of the peasant mayor from N.O.T.T. Castle's dungeon so that
the mayor can report Robin's "certain" fate as a crystal statue to all N.O.T.T. citizens- and Prince John's decree that
N.O.T.T. tax rates will be doubled. Friar Tuck leads a rescue party to N.O.T.T. Castle, meets the mayor in the forest
outside of the castle, and is informed by the mayor of Robin's death sentence and of an execution technician's expected
arrival at the castle. Tuck and his companions, including Alan A-Dale and Little John, infiltrate N.O.T.T. Castle by
substituting themselves for the execution technician and the technician's staff. Meanwhile, Robin has asked to view Prince
John's vault, and the prince is pleased to adhere to his prisoner's "last request", thus giving to Robin knowledge of the
hidden vault's precise location. The Merry Men in disguise as the execution team spring into action to surprise the easily
routed N.O.T.T. guards, Robin is rescued, and the jolly outlaws seize Prince John's accumulated wealth to reallocate to
the impoverished peoples of the Solar System.
"The Time Machine"
Rocket Robin and Little John investigate rumours of importation of strange equipment "under cover of darkness" to N.O.T.T.
Castle for many consecutive Lunar nights. Late one evening, they sneak into N.O.T.T. Castle without difficulty and
interrogate one of the guards, Little John grabbing the man-in-uniform and holding him, his feet dangling, atop a steep
castle wall. The guard tells to Robin and Little John that the incoming machinery has been requisitioned by the Sheriff
for entrapping Rocket Robin Hood. Little John calms the guard with an effective strike of the hand, and, after dispatching
by homing arrow a message to Friar Tuck on Sherwood to send help if they fail to return to their home asteroid by noon on
the next day, Robin decides that he and Little John will "walk" into the Sheriff's trap- which is the best way of
determining what the trap is- by serenading the "imbecile Sheriff of N.O.T.T." beneath the window to the sleeping
Sheriff's bedroom. The awakened and displeased Sheriff summons his retinue, who force Robin and Little John by laser
gunpoint into a laboratory wherein the pair are shackled inside of what the Sheriff identifies as a time machine. The
Sheriff selects the twelfth century A.D. and England as the destination in time and space for the meddlesome duo, so that
his ancestor, the High Sheriff of Nottingham, will contend with them and with their forebears, the Earl of Locksley and
olde Little John, with equal "efficiency". Thus, amidst the thickets and brambles of Sherwood Forest near century twelve's
village of Nottingham, materialises two exiles from year 3000, and in no time at all, they are collaborating with the
original Friar Tuck, Will Scarlet, *et al.*, to rescue Robin Hood I and Little John I from peril in the dungeon in
Nottingham Castle, an easy endeavour with the surprise of two Robins and Little Johns befuddling the Sheriff of
Nottingham- who exactly resembles in look and manner his thirtieth century descendant- and his minions. The combined
talents of the Merry Men of olde with Rocket Robin and future Little John succeed in freeing Robin Hood I and Little John
I from their prison cell, when the solitary guard there is startled to see what he thinks is Robin but who is really
Rocket Robin standing in front of him and outside of the locked prison cell door- and obligingly opens the door to verify
that Robin is still inside of the prison cell. Rocket Robin judo-chops the guard unconscious, future Little John flies
with the use of his jet-powered quarterstaff to reach the chains that lower the castle drawbridge, Rocket Robin slings
fire-tipped arrows onto mounds of hay within the castle, and the escape from Nottingham Castle is complete, for all
outlaws. In the future, Friar Tuck has captured and questioned- with pointed gun- a N.O.T.T. soldier to learn of Rocket
Robin and Little John's predicament. Sending robot attack spaceships to fire laser rays upon N.O.T.T. Castle to preoccupy
the N.O.T.T. defence forces, Tuck leads Will Scarlet and Alan A-Dale into the N.O.T.T. Sheriff's laboratory and speedily
operates the user-friendly time machine to whisk Rocket Robin and Little John away from a few hours of activity and banter
with their olde English counterparts and company- and into materialisation in N.O.T.T. Castle A.D. 3000. Subsequent ease
of escape from N.O.T.T. headquarters and from a flustered and frustrated latter-day Sheriff by Rocket Robin, Little John,
Alan, Will, and the Friar is a foregone conclusion!
"Robin Versus the Robot Knight"
The Merry Men disguise themselves as monks to attend the N.O.T.T. Tournament Games on Camelot Asteroid as spectators,
something that they do every year, and Prince John expects their presence at the upcoming Tournament Games. He hopes to
utilise Rocket Robin Hood's "outdated code of honour", Robin's word as a cosmic nobleman, to jail the Solar System's most
renowned outlaw for life. At the Tournament Games, the prince announces the betrothal of Maid Marion, captive of the
Sheriff of N.O.T.T., to Baron Barth of icy Pluto. Barth's champion, the mysterious Red Knight, will, at the close of the
Tournament Games, bring Marion to Pluto for the wedding unless the knight is challenged and defeated in 3 of 5 tournament
events. Determined to spare Marion from an unwanted suitor on a frigid planet, Robin removes his monk disguise and asserts
himself as a contestant against the Red Knight. Prince John states the reward of Marion's freedom from marriage and from
N.O.T.T. if Robin wins three of the five specific competitions (toppling, astro-wrestling, archery, astro-tug, and
jousting) and the penalty of life imprisonment for Robin should Robin lose three of them. Robin accepts the prince's
conditions for the duel, and only after this does the prince reveal that the Red Knight is a robot stronger tenfold than
Robin. Undaunted and a man of his word, Robin fights the Red Knight in the five games. He is toppled from a log in
electro-quarterstaff combat with the knight and is next trapped in a bear-hug by his astro-wrestling machine opponent.
Down two to nothing, Robin rebounds and wins the remaining three contests, despite Prince John's illicit attempts to
prevent it, by ordering the archery target board reversed so that Robin cannot directly train his arrow on the bulls-eye
(a complication for which Robin compensates by means of a "boomerang" arrow slung by Robin to fly under the target and
then arc around to hit the bulls-eye and better the knight's un-handicapped arrow shot), by magnetically bonding the robot
to its platform in the astro-tug so that it cannot be thrown from it (a ploy of which he speaks aloud and which Robin's
Sherwood fellows in the audience overhear and thwart with a magnetic field inverter ray fired from Alan A-Dale's laser
pistol), and by drugging Robin's water with sleep-inducing potion (which Robin detects with his sensitive nose and
pretends to drink so that he can feign sleepiness in the jousting on rocket-powered hover-sleds and then surprise the
knight with swift evasive action- so that the startled knight ploughs into the ground). Never a man to honour his
promises, Prince John orders his guards to seize Rocket Robin while the Red Knight forces Marion into its Plutonian
spaceship and departs Camelot Asteroid in haste. However, the full compliment of Merry Men at the Tournament Games come
out from their monk guises to clobber and prevail over the legions of N.O.T.T., and Marion stops the Red Knight by
depositing some of her lady's apparel into a cavity that she has discovered on the back of its head. Robin rescues
Marion from the Plutonian space vessel.
"The Mystery of the Crown Jewels"
A masked prowler ascends the walls of N.O.T.T. Castle, enters the castle while Prince John sleeps, and steals the royal
crown jewels. The thief leaves at the crime scene an arrow that implicates Rocket Robin in the heist. To insure that Robin
will surrender himself to N.O.T.T., the Sheriff captures Maid Marian while the Merry Men are at a space carnival. Once
Robin learns of Marian's captivity and the criminal act of which he is accused, he does exactly what Prince John and the
Sheriff have expected him to do; having ordered Little John and Friar Tuck to remain at the carnival- and to be ready to
come to his rescue, he ventures to N.O.T.T. Castle to free Marian from the Sheriff's custody and to examine the evidence
against him. Robin is overpowered by N.O.T.T. soldiers and, before a court assembled by Prince John, is declared guilty of
the theft. At the carnival, Little John and Friar Tuck watch a circus performer, Marvello, who is skilled in archery and
acrobatics. Convinced that they have found the true crown jewel filcher, Little John and Friar Tuck forcefully escort him
to N.O.T.T. Castle, and Robin and Marian are grudgingly released from N.O.T.T. by the Sheriff and by Prince John, to whom
the crown jewels are returned when ascertained to be in Marvello's possession.
"The Warlord of Saturn"
Little John is returning to Sherwood Asteroid after a lucrative day of poaching for Rocket Robin on Prince John's Royal
Game Preserve when he is surrounded in his spaceship by the space battle fleet of the Warlord of Saturn- **Rocket Robin Hood**
version of **Flash Gordon**'s Ming the Merciless. Ming is, in fact, the Warlord's proper name, and he talks in a stereotypical
Oriental dialect. The Warlord aims to commandeer asteroid Sherwood, whose movability would enable him to attack targets
from whatever spatial position that he desires. To this purpose, Ming blankets and penetrates Little John's spaceship with
hypnotic gas, Little John succumbs to the gas' effect, and Ming directs his husky Merry Man puppet to lead the Saturn
space battle fleet to Sherwood's top-secret present location. With an audio transmitter-receiver placed onto Little John's
person by one of the Warlord's soldiers, Ming now has continuous vocal contact with his slave after Little John has landed
his spaceship on Sherwood. Ming orders Little John to prevent his colleagues from activating the Sherwood astro-shield or
firing ground-to-air missiles. Little John blocks the entrance to the power supply building for those defence mechanisms,
and although Rocket Robin and the other outlaws promptly suspect that Little John is under some mesmeric influence, Little
John is a formidable fist-fighter, and several of his friends are pounded by his punches before Robin subdues him with an
enwrapping rope connected to one of Robin's ably-propelled arrows. Little John reels by the rope into a tree trunk and is
hence unconscious, but already, the Warlord has advanced inside of Sherwood's defence boundary, and Robin recognises the
design of Ming's hovering spacecraft. Ming rapidly releases his ultimate weapon- the Oxyvac- onto Sherwood's surface. The
clam-shaped, four-legged Oxyvac devours by suction everything in its path, including trees, brick structures, and air! The
Merry Men reassemble in attack formation, but the Oxyvac is impervious to the arrows and laser gun rays fired by them
against it. The sinister Saturn despot communicates with Robin by means of the audio transmitter-receiver on Little John's
still-unconscious body, to declare Sherwood to be the conquest of Saturn and to say that the Oxyvac's primary function is
to suck the oxygen out of Sherwood's atmosphere. Robin deduces that the Oxyvac must be storing the enormous quantity of
oxygen that it collects in the sack on its posterior- and oxygen is highly combustible. Robin attaches Will Scarlet's
electronic sword to an arrow and shoots the arrow directly through the maw of the Oxyvac and into the sack. The sword's
electric current ignites the oxygen within the rampaging robot's sack, reducing the Oxyvac to rubble in a explosion with
no casualties or further damage on Sherwood. Ming retreats into space, and Little John awakens, his awareness and self-
control fully regained, to express his puzzlement at the wreckage strewing the Sherwood terrain.
"Safari"
Little John and Will Scarlet, while in a hunting competition against each other on the N.O.T.T. Royal Game Preserve, are
captured and caged in a landed zoological spaceship by pygmy-sized, green-skinned aliens. The aliens desire the best
possible specimen of the species of Earthman represented by the Merry Men, and to that end, they force Little John and
Will to engage in combat with hand-held weapons, the winner in that contest to be retained for zoological study and
exhibition, and the loser purportedly to be killed. Will is struck unconscious in the fight and declared the loser. While
being dragged outside of the spaceship by a pair of the aliens, Will revives. He is able to escape from the aliens and
summon help from Rocket Robin, whom the aliens, eavesdropping on Will's communication with Sherwood Asteroid, now deduce
to be the Merry Men's Alpha Male and a more desirable zoological subject than Will (who is recaptured by the aliens) and
Little John. Robin, Giles, and Friar Tuck arrive at the Royal Game Preserve and find the aliens' spaceship. The aliens
agree to a bargain proposed by Robin. If he prevails in a personal duel with the aliens' leader, he and all of his men
will be allowed to go free from the aliens. If Robin loses, he and his men will surrender their fate to the aliens'
intentions. With the aliens' attention concentrated on their leader's duel with Robin, Giles and Friar Tuck free Will and
Little John, and the four of them release all of the zoo creatures from the cages, causing enough of a commotion to give
to Robin the advantage in his battle. Robin prevails, and the alien leader, avowing the honour of his kind- in addition
to declaring the Merry Men and their species far too troublesome, keeps his word. The Merry Men depart the Royal Game
Preserve before Prince John's minions can arrive there to apprehend the jovial interlopers.
"Wily Giles"
For Lt. Paul Wagner of the Earth Patrol, Robin recounts the induction of thieving scoundrel Giles, an exile from Earth,
into the Merry Men as their cook. While Robin and Little John were poaching deer on the Royal N.O.T.T. Game Preserve, they
prevented a mischievous, little, bearded man from throwing a plutonium grenade at the deer and thereby became acquainted
with Giles, who impressed Robin with his pick-pocket slight of hand. After Robin and Little John parted from Giles to
resume their illegal food-procurement, Giles reported their presence on the Royal N.O.T.T. Game Preserve to the N.O.T.T.
Sheriff, in expectation of a generous reward, but the Sheriff only paid 50 kovars of platinum to the "conniving
jackanapes". The Sheriff and his troops surrounded Robin and Little John, released from the Sheriff's space cruiser a
bubble that enwrapped the two outlaws, and consigned the duo to an underground dungeon with converging walls. "Double-
dealing" Giles then sneaked away from the N.O.T.T. army (preoccupied with the execution of Robin and Little John) and
decided to seek remuneration from Robin's friends for telling them about the crisis that had befallen their two comrades.
He flew in Robin and Little John's spacecraft by homing beam to Sherwood and mentioned without specific location the
Sheriff's confinement of Robin and Little John. Suspecting Giles' involvement in Robin and Little John's capture, Tuck
refused to add to Giles' monetary stash, and he and the other Merry Men with waving of fists forced the relevant
information from the cringing knave and brought Giles with them on the rescue mission. Giles slunk away from the Friar's
party as they were planning to free Robin and Little John, and was recaptured by the Sheriff, who declared the wayward
Giles untrustworthy and threw him into the underground dungeon wherein Robin and Little John were losing the battle
against the enclosing walls. Giles had stolen the Sheriff's key to a door in the tightening prison and provided it to
Robin and Little John so that the three men could escape a crushing doom. Robin and Little John overpowered with ease a
squadron of N.O.T.T. guards in a cavernous exit of the dungeon, and Tuck's group, hiding in a neighbouring forest, were
staggered to see Robin and Little John at liberty and in gratitude of Giles, who, they all expected, now knew that the
Sheriff was unsympathetic to his mercenary shenanigans and would be content to join the Merry Men in a successful
departure from the site of the Sheriff's failed trap before the Sheriff could assemble his confused crowd for pursuit.
"Jesse James Rides Again"
One legendary Earth outlaw's descendant meets another on a rugged, desolate, uncharted asteroid. While on said asteroid
during an unsatisfactory hunting expedition, Rocket Robin and Will Scarlet are bemused to find themselves staring down the
nozzles of the six-gun pistols of the progeny and namesake of that terror of the Wild West, Jesse James. This Jesse James,
however, is a squat, mostly bald-headed, white haired, addle-brained, over-the-hill oaf who rides a lumbering, rocket-
powered horse and who could not steal his own gun without it backfiring at him. Feeling sorry for the hoary gunslinger,
Robin tries to persuade James to do as a virtuous outlaw does: rob the rich and give to the poor. But James insists that
robbing the rich and keeping the booty is the better motto. Undaunted and tempted by his troublesome sense of humour to
help James to prove himself capable of a heist in the tradition of his forebear, Robin forecasts to James the impending
pass over the asteroid of the Interplanetary Stagecoach, then leaves James alone in a valley on the asteroid as he and
Will return to their spaceship, dress in stolen N.O.T.T. guard uniforms that they transport with them at all times, and
begin to paint "Tombstone Stagecoach" on their space vessel's hull. They intend to impersonate the hapless pilots of the
not-really-existent Interplanetary Stagecoach that James will endeavour to ambush and plunder. However, a N.O.T.T.
reconnaissance spaceship containing Prince John and the Sheriff and voyaging in this asteroid's astral sector, is thought
by James to be the Stagecoach, and he mounts his ridiculous steed and attacks the N.O.T.T. spacecraft, which activates its
laser turrets to cripple James' vehicle. The blustery blunderer is thus a prisoner of the wicked prince and brought to
N.O.T.T. Castle. Robin and Will return in their "stagecoach" to the valley where they last saw James, find only the
wreckage of his space-horse, and guess correctly as to James' action and its result. In their N.O.T.T. guard uniforms,
they easily infiltrate N.O.T.T. Castle and overcome the pair of Prince John's men who are escorting James to the castle
dungeon pending an investigation of James' claim that there is a reward on Earth for his capture. Reunited with their
counterpart outlaw, Robin and Will target the crown jewels in the royal vault. Will, his newly confiscated N.O.T.T. garb
that of a Colonel, enacts a cantankerous officer browbeating the two N.O.T.T. troops standing guard at the vault and
distracts them as Robin lasers a hole in the vault door and filches a sack of gems. All three thieves then easily escape
N.O.T.T. headquarters in Prince John's fastest space cruiser, and Robin drops a handful of the stolen diamonds into one of
James' empty belt holsters and promptly discovers them there, lauding the latter-day Jesse James as a successful criminal
and an honour to the infamy of his forefather.
"Giles the Great"
While Rocket Robin is absent from Sherwood, the Merry Men are strutting their duelling prowess in fun combat with metal
lances. Friar Tuck reels backwards after he loses a contest with Little John and collides with Giles, knocking the short-
tempered cook into a vat of pancake batter. Furious, Giles tongue-lashes his comrades, all laughing at his gooey tumble,
for their impudence and boasts that HE is the best of Robin's outlaw group. As an innocent prank against the diminutive,
bragging chef, Little John challenges Giles to a lance-swinging competition that he allows Giles to win. The cook's lance
strikes the deliberately ineffectual strongest man on asteroid Sherwood. Falling to ground, Little John pretends to have
been legitimately defeated by Giles, and he and the other Merry Men christen their baker as "Giles the Great". However,
they do not know that Giles now believes himself capable of single-handed interplanetary heroism. On a "date with
destiny", Giles flies one of the Merry Men's spaceships to the castle of Prince John, leaving behind a note for Rocket
Robin in which he proclaims his hair-brained aim of by himself overcoming the wicked prince and freeing from the castle
dungeon all of the N.O.T.T. citizens being detained by N.O.T.T.'s greedy despot ruler to intimidate the peasantry of
N.O.T.T.'s many worlds to accept woefully high rates of taxation. Giles swaggers at the castle gate in confrontation with
some N.O.T.T. soldiers, and the soldiers, amazed by his chutzpah, apprehend him in seconds. Prince John demands to know
from the self-identifying, brazen chef of Rocket Robin Hood the location of Sherwood Asteroid. When he declines to
cooperate with his captor, "interstellar insect" Giles is shackled in the N.O.T.T. Castle dungeon and threatened with
torture by the prince's personal implement of mayhem, a Thermal Ray Gun. Robin has rejoined his fellows on Sherwood and
read Giles' note. With Friar Tuck, Alan A-Dale, and Little John, Robin embarks upon a mission to liberate Giles from
Prince John's wrath. Alan, Little John, and the Friar pose as Delta Patrol spies for the Sheriff with Rocket Robin as
their captive and in this capacity approach and are granted access by unsuspecting N.O.T.T. troops to N.O.T.T. Castle,
wherein a decisive battle by the four intrepid outlaws against Prince John and a squad of castle guards, involving lengthy
exchange of laser gun fire and Robin's rope-arrow felling and ensnaring the prince, is successful in rescuing Giles before
the prince can subject him to the searing effect of the Thermal Ray Gun.
"City Beneath the Seas"
Rocket Robin and Little John are piloting their spaceship to Sherwood Asteroid after a successful hunt for animal meat
elsewhere in the Solar System when they encounter an oval asteroid that has only recently entered into orbit around the
Sun. The pair of Merry Men attempt a reconnaissance of the strange asteroid, but their spaceship loses power and plunges
into its fully oceanic biosphere. Robin and Little John use an ejection bubble to escape their doomed space vehicle before
it sinks to sea bottom. Wearing their spacesuit helmets for a supply of oxygen, they intentionally descend to the murky
depths for a damage assessment of the spaceship and for Robin to attempt to radio their location to Friar Tuck. However,
they are attacked by a tentacled monster which Robin repels with a single blast from his laser gun, and this event is
monitored with interest by green, fish-scaled and gilled humanoids in an underwater city. Robin's heroics have edified
these intelligent, cultured creatures. The sovereign of the Kingdom of Aqua orders the capture of the two Merry Men by way
of a mechanically controlled whirlpool that pulls the duo into the sub-oceanic settlement. The Aquans are weaponless and
defenceless against sea beasts that threaten the integrity of Aqua's enclosed city. They want for Robin to repeat his
prior act of sea monster-defeat against three further tentacled menaces. Little John is incapacitated by a strike from
behind him by the Aqua king's sceptre and carried to and locked inside a prison cell by the king's servants. Holding
driftwood as simulated weapons, the Aquans intend that the large Merry Man be their hostage to insure Robin's cooperation.
Thus, Robin ventures into the water to confront the three terrors- and vanquishes the sea beasts with laser energy
directed into their eyes and throats. The triumphant Robin is congratulated by the grateful populace of the undersea
metropolis, and he and Little John are informed of the weapon-free Aquan way of peace and presented with their fully
repaired spaceship by the Aqua king.
"Don Cayote McPherson"
Riding upon his mechanical, flying horse named Dandelion, a Scottish space traveller, Don Cayote McPherson, arrives on
Sherwood Asteroid. Don Cayote challenges the patience of the Merry Men with his incessant bragging about having slain "the
dauntless Dragon of Doom". Rocket Robin has acquired a mechanical device that duplicates the spoken words of other people,
thereby enabling convincing mimicry, and demonstrates the machine for his men and for his Scottish guest. Meanwhile, the
Sheriff of N.O.T.T. also possesses a "new toy"- a disintegration ray, which his underling, Cog, claims to have invented.
Naturally, the Sheriff is scheming to use this weapon against Rocket Robin. After irritating his hosts on Sherwood
Asteroid and outlasting his welcome there, Don Cayote departs Sherwood and is promptly captured by the Sheriff for use as
bait to lure Robin and company to N.O.T.T. Castle, after the Sheriff has learned that Don Cayote is acquainted with the
Merry Men. Thus, the Sheriff allows Don Cayote's aerial horse, Dandelion, to return alone to Sherwood so that Robin
deduces that Don Cayote has been apprehended by the forces of N.O.T.T.. Robin remote-control-pilots his empty spaceship
above N.O.T.T. Castle's asteroid and directly into the disintegration ray, which Robin already knew was in operation by
the Sheriff, and of course the Sheriff and Cog both believe that Robin has been annihilated. Then, with the voice
imitation mechanism, Robin, Will Scarlet, and Friar Tuck infiltrate the N.O.T.T. Castle dungeon, surprise and punch the
N.O.T.T. soldiers standing guard there, confiscate the guards' uniforms for use as disguises, rescue Don, and employ the
voice imitation machine to copy the voice of the Sheriff to order the lowering of N.O.T.T. Castle's drawbridge and
defences so that they all can escape. Don bids good-bye to the Merry Men and says that he is on a continuing quest for
"the Baleful Beast of Brou-Ha-Ha".
"Michael Shawn- the Leprechaun"
Poaching wild boar on Prince John's Royal Game Preserve, Little John meets a magical, dwarfish Irish pixie, a Leprechaun
named Michael Shawn O'Day, who fears that Martian mercenaries intend to steal his prized pot o' gold, which is actually a
cache of oxynite, a rare and valuable form of interplanetary currency and element for weapon production. Michael Shawn
also claims to have a life span of many thousands of years and to have met Little John and Rocket Robin's medieval
ancestors! The large Merry Man brings his tiny, new acquaintance to Sherwood to introduce him to Robin and company. After
amusing the personnel of Sherwood with his archaic witticisms, the sprightly O'Day disappears from Sherwood. Little John
then mentions the Leprechaun's possession of oxynite to Robin, who shares Michael Shawn's apprehension about Martian lust
for the pot o' gold and fears that the Irish elf is in danger of capture if not by the Martians, then by the Sheriff of
N.O.T.T., were knowledge of O'Day's lucrative property to have spread from Mars to N.O.T.T. headquarters. In an intensive
search by the Merry Men for Michael Shawn, Little John flies in his spaceship to Mars, where O'Day, having been
apprehended by the Martians, is being interrogated as to the location of the coveted oxynite. Little John commences a ray
gun battle with O'Day's captors, and both he and the Leprechaun fall through a trap door on the Martian surface to an
underground prison cell. The Sheriff of N.O.T.T. intercepts an assistance-plea message arrow dispatched by the jailed
Little John through space to Robin as its intended recipient. So, with the power of his Zeptyr Ray Cannon, the Sheriff
visits Mars. Routing the Martians, he gains entry into the Martian dungeon and offers to rescue Little John and Michael
Shawn from captivity on Mars in exchange for the location of the oxynite. The Leprechaun agrees to the Sheriff's proposal,
says that the item sought by the Sheriff is buried, and specifies the place. Never one to honour his side of a bargain,
the Sheriff fails to release Little John and Michael Shawn from the prison- and so, the responsibility for doing this
rests with Robin, who, worried about Little John, ventures to and arrives on Mars and finds and frees the jailed pair.
O'Day reveals that the oxynite was really secreted on Little John's person and that the Sheriff is digging for nothing.
"Little Little John"
Little John, alone in his personal spacecraft, confidently penetrates the hull of one of Prince John's tax space-wagons to
rob the prince's wages of tyranny, only to be fired upon in the tax space-wagon by a ray from the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s
latest toy, a matter reducer (i.e. a machine that shrinks people and objects). Little John and his spaceship both diminish
to finger size and are easily trolled in a butterfly net wielded by the elated Sheriff! However small that Little John may
now be, he still has his wits, and the Sheriff's butterfly net does not contain him for long. After hearing the Sheriff's
boast that Robin and the other Merry Men will all soon experience the same small problem as their no-longer-huskiest
comrade, the now-truly-little Little John pilots his spaceship to Sherwood, where he, with the tone of his voice inaudible
to his normal-dimension friends, must write a warning on a piece of paper to Robin and company, revealing the Sheriff's
intention to send a meteor laced with paralytic gas toward the surface of Sherwood, "freezing" the Merry Men to facilitate
their capture and exposure to the matter reducer presently at N.O.T.T. Castle. Incredulous at Little John's petty
proportion and heeding their tiny compatriot's message, the Merry Men alter Sherwood's course away from the Sheriff's
strategic space flotsam and divert the meteor back to N.O.T.T. Castle, where it renders the Sheriff and his army
statuesque, thereby enabling Robin, Friar Tuck, and Alan A-Dale, all wearing gas masks, to raid the castle in search for
the machine that shrunk Little John. They hope to reverse its effect. But the Sheriff regains mobility sooner than Robin
had expected, and Robin, the Friar, and Alan are fettered in electronic shackles controlled by the Sheriff. Little John
twice flies his spacecraft past the Sheriff's head to distract him, so that two of the machine's limited ray charges are
wasted in misfires. A spider is struck by one of the rays, but rather than diminish, the arachnid grows (the machine was
in reverse mode), and Little John thrusts his spaceship directly into the operating panel for the shackles, "shorting it
out" and freeing Robin, Tuck, and Alan. With the Sheriff and his minions preoccupied with the giant spider in their midst,
Robin easily manipulates the infernal machine to restore Little John to proper size, and all four Merry Men depart
N.O.T.T. Castle. The matter reducer, exhausted of its ray charges, is therefore now useless to the behemoth-spider-
plagued Sheriff.
"The Marmaduke Caper"
Able Baker Charlie, a long-time, monocled, English-accented friend of Rocket Robin's, is travelling to Uranus to
demonstrate the Super-bug, the ultimate in listening devices, capable of eavesdropping on conversations anywhere in the
cosmos, when he decides to visit the Merry Men on Sherwood Asteroid, which is on his route to Uranus. With him is his
impressionable, adolescent son, Marmaduke. Marmaduke's hero-worship of his father abruptly ends when he learns that Able
Baker is incapable of the archery and derring-do at which he has always claimed to be an expert. Robin decides to give
Able Baker a chance to redeem himself in the eyes of his son by fighting N.O.T.T. troops intending to kidnap Marmaduke but
who are really Robin, Little John, Will Scarlet, and Alan A-Dale in disguise, uniforms easily confiscated from N.O.T.T.
Castle, of course. The plan is for Able Baker to tour on foot with Marmaduke the landscape of asteroid Sherwood, to relax
with the boy in a grove prearranged with Robin and company to be the site of the attack by "N.O.T.T. forces", and to repel
the assailants in a carefully choreographed phony fight. However, Prince John and the Sheriff have their own spy
transmitter on Sherwood (apparently after they somehow learned Sherwood Asteroid's secret location) and know about Robin's
good-natured fakery and of the existence of the Super-bug, which they intend to procure from Able Baker by abducting
Marmaduke for real, the Super-bug being the ransom for the youngster's freedom. The Sheriff drops a glob of Moonite, the
galaxy's most impenetrable and durable element, on top of Robin and company, who are preparing for their prearranged
ambush in N.O.T.T. troop garb of Able Baker and Marmaduke, and the Moonite forms into a bubble to encase the four outlaws.
When actual N.O.T.T. soldiers surround Able Baker and Marmaduke, Able Baker believes them to be his Merry Men friends and
resists their advances upon him and Marmaduke as per Robin's ruse. The roped boomerang arrow which Robin has lent to him
does what it was supposed to do, lassoing the laser guns of the interlopers and disarming them. When the N.O.T.T.
numbskulls punch somewhat more forcefully than was expected, Able Baker acts bravely to trip some of them, manoeuvre pairs
of them to collide with each other, and fist-duel with the others. Within less than a minute, the tussle has ended, and
Able Baker is victorious. Robin, Little John, Will, and Alan have burrowed through the ground beneath the Moonite bubble
to release themselves from their oval prison and are surprised to find that Able Baker has defeated the N.O.T.T. villains.
Robin advises Able Baker to tell nothing of their bogus battle scheme to Marmaduke so that Marmaduke remains in unabated
awe of Able Baker for the heroics of this day.
"Follow the Leader"
Will Scarlet challenges Rocket Robin's leadership, alleging that, "Being boss is merely directing others to do the work
for you." He boasts that he could lead the Merry Men as effectively as does Robin and pledges to eat his hat, feather and
all, if he should fail in this regard. Robin decides to give to Will the chance to prove this bold assertion, on the
pretence that he and Alan A-Dale must voyage to distant Aurora Asteroid and a substitute Sherwood commander is required
for the duration of Robin and Alan's travel. Will has committed himself to this responsibility and graciously accepts
Robin's confidence in him, but Little John, Friar Tuck, Giles, and the other Merry Men do not appreciate the upstart
Scarlet's barking of orders, and the problems for Will worsen when a partly bald, grey haired man claiming to be Robin's
uncle, Venusian author and philosopher Prof. Montague Harristrom, arrives on Sherwood for an extended visit and
deliberately stirs further resentment of Scarlet by Friar Tuck, Little John, and the others. He demands the liberty to
cook his own meals, that protesting Giles be relieved of duty and replaced by inept baker Little John, that Friar Tuck act
as a "bellboy", and that Sherwood's personnel adhere to a 17-hour day work schedule of simple chores to facilitate his
studies. Because Will dares not offend Robin's uncle, he orders the Merry Men to do as the professor says. They refuse to
comply- and accuse Will of currying favour with Robin's uncle, who insists that Will penalise the "mutinous" rabble by
jailing them in Sherwood's stockade, and then does a homing message-arrow, supposedly sent by Rocket Robin, strike a New
Sherwood Forest tree. Will reads Robin's note reporting that the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. is planning an attack upon Sherwood
and cannot rouse his disaffected troops to assume defencive positions. The professor promotes fighting between the Merry
Men by causing each of them to think that the others are insulting them, and Will, unable to stop the ensuing chaos,
relinquishes command and races to the communicator console to contact and recall Robin to Sherwood. Now, Harristrom
reveals his true identity from beneath a mask- Rocket Robin, who wanted to prove a point to Will, that being a leader is
no easy thing. It was Alan, on the other side of asteroid Sherwood, who dispatched the homing arrow with a bogus message.
Will must honour his promise, and Giles serves Will's hat, feather and all, to Will on a dinner platter!
"Cleopatra Meets Little John"
While hunting on an asteroid near to Sherwood, Little John finds a playful, female dinosaur that he names Cleopatra.
Deciding to adopt her, Little John brings Cleopatra to Sherwood, where she causes havoc by raiding Giles' kitchen and
sleeping on the wires to the Sherwood power grid. Robin orders Little John to return Cleopatra to her home asteroid, and
Little John reluctantly agrees with his leader. En route to Cleopatra's asteroid with the dinosaur in tow behind his
spaceship, Little John is shocked when Cleopatra's nose detects the scent of food and drags him to N.O.T.T. Castle,
smashing through the castle walls and destroying Little John's spaceship- and Prince John's feast! Prince John and the
Sheriff believe that Cleopatra is a new weapon of Rocket Robin's and jail Little John. On Little John's instructions,
Cleopatra rolls over and plays dead after being harmlessly hit by the Sheriff's laser pistol. Left by the N.O.T.T. guards
for dead, she arises and helps Little John to free himself from his prison cell. Little John rides on her back as she
flies away from N.O.T.T. Castle. They observe Prince John at a missile launching site with a rocket about to launch to hit
Sherwood, and Little John commands Cleopatra to intercept the missile after its lift-off and reverse its course, so that
it explodes at Prince John's missile launching site. After Little John and Cleopatra bid to each other a tearful goodbye
in the forests of N.O.T.T. Castle's asteroid and Cleopatra flies away, Little John finds an egg left behind by Cleopatra,
and it hatches a little Cleopatra.
"Little George"
Little John's yokel brother, Little George, comes to Sherwood Asteroid in hope of becoming one of the Merry Men. With
Robin's approval, Will attempts to give to Little George some equipment training, and the result is a broken radar system,
rendering Sherwood vulnerable to attack by the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.. Little George further makes a nuisance of himself by
devouring Sherwood's food supply, and an exasperated Robin demands that Little George replenish the food reserves. While
on a hunting expedition, Little George is captured by the Sheriff, who decides to use the unwitting Little George to lead
N.O.T.T. troops direct to Rocket Robin's headquarters, by permitting Little George to leave N.O.T.T. Castle in a provided
spaceship and return to Sherwood, followed covertly by N.O.T.T. forces. The result is a battle on Sherwood between the
Merry Men and the Sheriff, who orders his numerous troops to fire laser guns, forcing Robin's group into a cavern. Then,
Little George's pet skunk repels the invading N.O.T.T. army with its odour, and Little George is an unlikely hero.
"The Magic Medallion of Morse"
Friar Tuck, flying solo in a spaceship on a reconnaissance mission for Rocket Robin Hood, experiences an emergency
situation while hundreds of miles away from the safety of Sherwood Asteroid: insufficient spacecraft fuel to complete his
return to Sherwood and depleted food reserve. Luckily, the Friar is close to an Intergalactic Fully Automated Space
Service Module, at which he is able to replenish these supplies, but N.O.T.T. soldiers surround the I.F.A.S.S.M. and
apprehend Tuck for transport to a N.O.T.T. Castle jail cell. The Friar activates his personal electromagnetic signal
device, a radiation-symbol medallion, in a manner that registers on Sherwood as a distress signal from an in-trouble
Friar. Robin alone ventures to N.O.T.T. Castle in heroic determination of freeing the Friar. He incapacitates some of the
castle guards and is outside of Tuck's prison cell when the Sheriff's army nets and successfully captures him also. The
Sheriff summons Tuck to the N.O.T.T. Castle dining room, where he hopes to exploit the Friar's weakness for food to cause
Tuck to reveal the secret location of Sherwood Asteroid. A banquet is offered by the Sheriff to the Friar in exchange for
Sherwood's strategic coordinates, but Tuck declines to partake in the hefty meal, its price being too high. The Sheriff
promises to withhold food from Tuck until the Friar's yearning to eat becomes all-consuming. Tuck pretends to succumb to
the weakness of his flesh and, before divulging the information wanted by the Sheriff, uses food (soup, leg of lamb, green
vegetables) as ballistic weapons against the Sheriff's guards, only to be hit on the head by one of his own implements of
combat when the guards learn how to use them with equal precision. In neighbouring prison cells, Robin and Tuck
collaborate to transmit a message by Morse Code with the Friar's medallion to Alan A-Dale and Little John on Sherwood,
requesting team assistance to escape, with a "fancy firework" meteor shower created above N.O.T.T. Castle by the Merry Men
as diversion. With N.O.T.T. personnel's attention concentrated on the sky spectacle, Robin and Tuck are easily returned by
their friends to Sherwood. Robin decrees that the Friar diet for one month, and Giles prepares for the famished Friar a
lettuce sandwich on dry toast!
"The Awful Truce"
"Happy birthday to me," is Prince John's motto, as he initiates on this special day what he presumes to be the ultimate
Merry Men-entrapping ploy. Although N.O.T.T. has been at war with Martian aggressors for 100 years, the devious prince
expects that Groldan the Ghastly, Mars' most vicious warlord, and his followers, all of whom being hired soldiers who, it
is said, fight for anyone for pay, will agree to assist in the destruction of the Sherwood Asteroid outlaws. Bela Lugosi-
impersonating, blue-skinned Groldan accords with Prince John's proposal on the promise of a handsome dividend from the
N.O.T.T. monarch. His group of marauders will attack the prince's armada in spaceship combat with "dummy" practice
missiles being fired by both sides, creating the appearance of a fierce battle in which N.O.T.T. forces will require the
assistance of the Merry Men. Prince John will transmit a Mayday signal, pleading for help from Rocket Robin and company
before N.O.T.T. and all of its innocent civilians are overrun by Groldan. Once Robin's group are in space in the "war
zone", Prince John and Groldan will surround the Merry Men, who will have no alternative but to surrender, because the
Sheriff and his troops will have traced the location of Sherwood Asteroid by the rear trajectory of the Merry Men's
spacecraft and captured with threat of execution the persons remaining on its surface. Everything goes according to plan,
until Groldan treacherously replaces his spaceships' practice missiles with real warheads and announces his intention to
conquer and rule N.O.T.T., with Prince John appointed as the Sheriff! N.O.T.T.'s spaceships have aboard no warheads as per
Prince John's failed ruse, and Prince John's only hope of stopping Groldan's invasion of N.O.T.T. rests with a true truce
between himself and the Merry Men, whose spacecraft have bona fide firepower. Robin's terms for a truce: release by the
Sheriff of Maid Marion and Giles, who were the only outlaws on Sherwood when the Sheriff's army seized it, withdrawal
from Sherwood of the Sheriff and all of his men, the prince becoming prisoner of Rocket Robin until the battle against the
Martians is concluded, and all of Robin's combat personnel permitted to return safely to Sherwood. Prince John grudgingly
accepts Robin's conditions, and the Merry Men commence a counter-attack upon Groldan. On Sherwood, Giles, none too
familiar with the communications and space battle computer console and while attempting to contact Robin, launches
Sherwood's, pre-programmed, computer-controlled spaceships toward the area of ballistics. When Groldan sees the approach
of massed "reinforcements" from Sherwood, he aborts his N.O.T.T. invasion goal and retreats to Mars. Prince John honours
his compliance with Rocket Robin's terms of truce.
"The Sad, Sad Sheriff of N.O.T.T."
Prince John has had enough of the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.'s failures to rid the universe of the nuisance of Rocket Robin Hood.
He replaces the "simpleton" Sheriff with a verbose, over-confident man named Quilty and assigns a time of execution to the
disgraced, dismissed Sheriff. Rocket Robin's spies at N.O.T.T. Castle through their contact, Little John, report this
upsetting development to their noble leader on Sherwood Asteroid. The predictable, blundering Sheriff has been an
important asset in the Merry Men's fight against Prince John's tyranny, and his successor could not possibly be as
obligingly inept as he. Robin is resolved that the Sheriff remain alive and in Prince John's employ. So, Robin and Little
John clandestinely visit the place of execution at N.O.T.T. Castle. With arrows and a scaling rope, Robin and Little John
ascend the castle wall, Little John nonchalantly slams together two guards' heads to provide for himself and Robin a
couple of N.O.T.T. soldier uniforms, and the disguised pair of Merry Men use a laser gun to burn a circle of little holes
in the platform on which the Sheriff is scheduled to soon be disintegrated. They conceal their spaceship underneath the
capital punishment platform, and seconds before Prince John's Cosmic Disintegration Ray strikes the Sheriff standing
inside of the platform-weakening circle of holes, Little John beneath the platform uses a rope to pull the circle clear of
the structure, and the Sheriff "drops in" on Robin and Little John's spacecraft. With lightning speed, Robin and Little
John escape N.O.T.T. Castle with their guest while Quilty is marvelling at Robin's cleverness and Prince John is
denouncing the new Sheriff's incompetence. The Merry Men confine the former Sheriff to a dungeon on Sherwood and act to
redeem said Sheriff in the eyes of Prince John. With his followers in an astro-shielded space cruiser engaging Quilty and
N.O.T.T.'s army in battle at N.O.T.T. Castle's gate, Robin sneaks into the castle from its rear, scales a rope into and
out of Prince John's vault from a laser gun-formed hole directly above the prince's cache of riches, and steals the crown
jewels. The Merry Men retreat from their diversionary assault at castle front and, with Robin carrying the heisted
jewelry, return to Sherwood. They then bestow the gems for "safe keeping" to their prisoner, with full expectation that
the Sheriff will triumphantly return the jewels to Prince John after they permit- nay, help- him to escape custody at
Sherwood (with Will "accidentally" dropping the key to the Sheriff's prison cell within reach of the Sheriff therein, the
Sheriff freeing himself from the jail cell and snatching a ready-and-waiting Sherwood spaceship for a swift, albeit
perilous (the Merry Men need to remote-control-pilot the spaceship away from a collision with a mesa), flight to N.O.T.T.
Castle to bring back the jewels to a grateful Prince John, who reinstates the original Sheriff and banishes the
ineffectual Quilty to the farthest corners of the cosmos.
"Don't Make a Sound"
Robin and the Merry Men meet a happy-go-lucky boy named Jeremy, who is capable of ventriloquism and of convincingly
imitating all kinds of sounds, including burglar alarms, breaking glass, and the bellows of beasts. Robin is delighted by
his entertaining, elfin guest on asteroid Sherwood. Meanwhile, Prince John is admiring the Yellow Rubelite, the rarest
jewel of space, which he has stolen from the "white throat" of Maid Marion, to whom the glowing gem was bequeathed by her
father. The prince wants to gloat about his prized acquisition and for this purpose invites Rocket Robin Hood to dine at
N.O.T.T. Castle. Robin has been seeking an opportunity to regain the jewel for Marion and regards Prince John's dinner
invitation as a capital opportunity for entry to the N.O.T.T. fortress to accomplish the task; therefore, he accepts
Prince John's proposal, unaware that the N.O.T.T. ruler plans- after bragging about being the new owner of the Yellow
Rubelite- to feed Robin to a ferocious Trogalyger, a variant of the Earth lion. Jeremy stows away on Robin's spaceship as
Robin flies it to N.O.T.T. Castle, and while Robin is bidden by the prince to sit in a trap chair at the prince's dinner
table, Jeremy, having tricked a N.O.T.T. guard into investigating the thrown sound of approaching galloping horses,
stealthily moves through the corridors of N.O.T.T. Castle and hides behind a curtain in the castle's dining room. Behind
the curtain- and Jeremy- is the caged Trogalyger, and when Jeremy sees the ravenous cat, he panics and hiccoughs. Prince
John is thus alerted to Jeremy's presence and captures him along with Rocket Robin, who is swiftly bound in the trap
chair's metallic restraints. Robin and Jeremy are thrown by Prince John's men into the Trogalyger's cage, in which Jeremy
imitates cat meows and wins the affection of the Trogalyger, which is as much desirous of friendship as it is of food.
Jeremy commands the fierce cat to attack its captors, Prince John and the N.O.T.T. guards. In the ensuing commotion, Robin
easily snatches the Yellow Rubelite, and he and Jeremy escape N.O.T.T., accompanied by the flying Trogalyger.
"Goritang"
Maid Marion is captured by the Sheriff of N.O.T.T. and against her will betrothed to the Sheriff's clumsy, ninny son,
Quigley. Friar Tuck learns of the impending marriage when he is asked by some of the Sheriff's guards to attend and
perform the ceremony. Tuck declines to sanctify such matrimonial absurdity and informs Rocket Robin of Marion's fate.
Advising the Friar to accept the Sheriff's invitation to preside at the planned wedding, Robin hatches a delightfully
devious and ridiculous plan. The Merry Men infiltrate the nuptials at N.O.T.T. Castle with no difficulty because the
Sheriff and his troops are preoccupied with the foolish festivity, and replace Marion with a diminutive, nimble, ape-like
creature, a Goritang from planet Lucifer, concealed in Marion's wedding gown. The creature wreaks havoc in the N.O.T.T.
headquarters palace and, to the Merry Men's amusement, causes both the Sheriff and Quigley to look more foolish than they
already are.
"The Orbital Salesman"
Alan A-Dale, Rocket Robin Hood's "right-hand man", is captive of the wicked Sheriff of N.O.T.T. in the N.O.T.T. Castle
dungeon. He is strapped to a table, and a swinging laser beam is positioned above him to drop an inch every 20 minutes.
The Sheriff astrophone-communicates an ultimatum to Rocket Robin: unless Robin surrenders New Sherwood Forest to N.O.T.T.
forces, Alan will be sliced to pieces in an hour. N.O.T.T. headquarters, in the castle, now has a super-defence system, an
electronic dome of invincibility composed of pure anti-matter, which can only be penetrated by the Merry Men's anti-matter
inverter cannon. However, while the cannon is being primed to fire at the N.O.T.T. Castle dome, a strange spaceship
approaches Sherwood Asteroid, and the cannon's discharge is aborted by Will Scarlet, Little John, and Friar Tuck to avoid
hitting the mysterious spacecraft. The cannon is rendered inoperative due to a charred diode not replaceable within 300
light-years, and the cause of this misfortune, the itinerant pilot of the "astral junkwagon", is a carnival-barker-like
vendor (Sidney Star is his name, and selling is his game) of such wares as hair-restoring fluid that interests the Friar
and rocket polish and supersonic hairbrushes which Little John fancies. Robin is more than irritated with Star's pushy
salesman tactics in the midst the crisis with Alan, but Star's largest article of merchandise, a huge, hollow, wooden
stallion, begets a Trojan Horse ploy conceived by Robin. With Star towing the horse to N.O.T.T. Castle, Robin, Will,
Little John, and Friar Tuck hide inside of the horse, and Star, unsuspected by N.O.T.T. police of involvement with the
Merry Men, calls at the door to N.O.T.T. Castle and dupes the Sheriff into granting access to him and to his huge
commodity through the dome. He shames the Sheriff into purchasing the ornamental stallion on the pretext of wooden horses
being a popular galactic item and N.O.T.T. having a reputation for poor fashion sense. While Star continues his "sales
pitch" to include a vinyl-covered moat and castle storm windows and thereby distracts the Sheriff's attention, Robin and
company exit the horse and free Alan. The Sheriff realises that he is being tricked when he sees the Merry Men running out
of N.O.T.T. Castle, and Star remote-controls an explosive device to fly above the controls of the dome and neutralise it
and the Sheriff's guards situated there. Star and the Merry Men all easily escape N.O.T.T..
"Marlin, the Magician"
From one of the pots for Giles the cook's prepared repast for the Merry Men messily materialises with an explosion an
indigestible and inept character, another self-promoting, diminutive, offbeat vestige of Earth yore to trouble Rocket
Robin and company: Marlin the Magician, garbed in typical wizard's attire. Like a carnival barker, Marlin tries to peddle
his ware, Dr. Marlin's Voodoo Elixir, "guaranteed" to prevent ageing, mumps, measles, whooping cough, and hiccoughs, and
which drips upward, contrary to gravity, from its bottle; from the silly sorcerer's false and flame-fettered claim to
swallow fire, it is reasonable to assume that all that Dr. Marlin's chemical mixture would do is cause nasty nausea.
Rocket Robin, already disinclined to welcome the uninvited visitor, demands that Marlin disappear from Sherwood. Marlin
replies by promising to vanish Robin along with him by means of one of his incantations (e.g. "Wimpo-flame-dap-dipple-
dilly-dum-dum"). He succeeds in this regard, by teleporting both himself and the leader of the Merry Men into the bedroom
of the Sheriff of N.O.T.T.! When the Sheriff attempts to summon his guards to apprehend his two nocturnal guests, Marlin
transforms the Sheriff's tiny cat into a ferocious lion that chases Robin and the Sheriff, with them clinging respectively
to a wall light and chandelier. Only Marlin knows the magic words to reverse the metamorphosis, if only he could remember!
After several failures to re-transform lion to domestic feline, Marlin accomplishes the task and follows it with a return
of himself and Robin to Sherwood. All of the irate Merry Men threaten bodily harm upon the little sorcerer if he does not
readily remove himself from their corner of the universe. The frightened Marlin disappears, but his robe remains in the
midst of the Merry Men. Wherever he will next emerge, there had better not be any ladies present!
```
*In "Dr. Mortula", Robin has fallen from the horse-drawn coach on which Maid Marion and Giles are being terrified by the suddenly feral disposition of their beefy coach driver.*
```
Season 2
```
With the arrival of Ralph Bakshi in the role of in-studio-producer, the episodes of **Rocket Robin Hood** improved immediately in ideas and visualisation, while the cost of making the episodes was substantially reduced, to the delight of Steven Krantz. Bakshi sent many of the **Rocket Robin Hood**- Season 1 production people back to from wherever they had come, and replaced them with some of his colleagues of his earlier days at Terrytoons, some highly talented Marvel Comics illustrators, and Richard H. Thomas, formerly of the Warner Brothers cartoons, and utilised cartoon-animation techniques that, although basic, had a consistency and a quality to them. It was not until sometime later that the cartoon-animation became repetitive, but even then, the backgrounds and the ideas very much compensated for that.
Bakshi almost entirely jettisoned Rocket Robin's conflict with the N.O.T.T. villains and started introducing his own brand of antagonistic quantities, mad and evil scientists and grotesque-looking, diabolical overlords with horrible settings and apocalyptic intentions. Or mythological horrors like the Cyclops, the Hydra, and the Medusa. The result was a run of episodes that were ominous and scary and made an indelible impression upon young viewers.
The eternal-life-achieving though averse-to-light Dr. Mortula, on an asteroid where Count Dracula would feel very much at home, wanted to extinguish the Sun, Dr. Magnet exploited his extensive control over the forces of magnetism for audacious robberies, and Dr. Manta worked to transmute plant life into animate, sentient, and deadly reptile creatures.  Rocket Robin and Little John met Ulysses and fought mythological monsters on a desolate astral body of Earthly origin, and Robin aided a latter-day Rome to repel a horde of giant-Electrosaur-riding barbarians. And there was an episode with such idiosyncratic and interesting villains as Baron Blank, Mr. Cool, and Laser.
And there was "Catch a Comet By the Tail", an episode that is exceedingly preposterous in the resolving of its situation, expecting the viewer to accept that a large boulder shot into space by a geyser could retain enough air to sustain two men for many minutes, and that the gasses in the tail of Halley's Comet could be breathable. And this is saying nothing of the effect of space's temperature. Yet, the episode is so compelling in its creative audacity (Robin and Will matter-teleported by Prince John to some lost world and needing to be propelled into space and moved into communication range of Sherwood Asteroid) that one cannot help but want to accept it. All of it. Yes, even its preposterous resolution. Who knows? Perhaps the laws governing gravity, air dispersion, comet gassing, and space temperature have changed, somehow, by the year 3000.
But as tensions mounted and strife erupted anew between Krantz and Guest, Bakshi was instructed by Krantz to move **Rocket Robin Hood**'s cartoon-animation production from Toronto to New York City (the voices would still be provided by the same talented voice-artist team in Toronto). Bakshi procured as many materials as he could from the Guest cartoon-animation studio and returned to the his home metropolis of New York City, and there he produced the third and arguably the most imaginative and visually striking season of **Rocket Robin Hood**.
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"Dr. Mortula"
Rocket Robin, Giles, and Maid Marion are returning to asteroid Sherwood after a productive space-cargo-supply expedition
when their spaceship is ambushed and rammed by a giant robot bat. Not equipped to fight the bat, its fuel running tanks
ruptured, and 100 tons of spare fuel in its storage tanks not accessible because of an inoperative emergency fuel pump,
the cargo spacecraft crewed by Robin, Marion, and Giles is so disabled that immediate landing is essential- on the only
nearby celestial body, an asteroid enshrouded by thick clouds. Disembarking their in-need-of-repair spaceship on the
spooky, lightning-storm-swept asteroid's craggy surface, Robin and his companions are collected by a horse-pulled coach
steered by a beefy man named Montressor. Montressor is servant to the master of Mortula Castle, and it is to there that
Robin, Marion, and Giles are brought by Montressor, who turns feral when a faint amount of light from a certain Jovian
moon can be seen in the sky of the gloomy asteroid. With luminance emitted from a ring, Dr. Mortula is able to pacify
Montressor and thereby prevent Montressor from harming his coach passengers. Dr. Mortula looks and is garbed like a
certain Transylvanian Count of Earth legend but is a congenial host to his three guests in the castle, providing them with
a meal as he explains that he is a scientist who succeeded in attaining eternal life for himself, but his immortality is
only possible with darkness; if the Sun were to shine upon him, he would die. He conquered and clouded the asteroid for
protection against the Sun's rays but is now tired of confinement and wishes to travel the Solar System. For this reason,
Mortula is intent upon extinguishing the Sun and wants for Rocket Robin Hood to perform the task with the use of
Mortula's Super-Solar Extinguisher towed by Robin toward the Sun and then released into the parent star of the Solar
System. Robin refuses to destroy the trillions of people of the Solar System for the comfort of one man; so, Mortula
activates his robot bat, Bruno, the same bat which earlier impacted Robin, Giles, and Marion's space vessel, to eliminate
Robin and company. Although confident that his bat is impervious to Robin's arrows, Mortula did not expect that Robin
would shoot an arrow at the bat control device on Mortula's belt, thereby temporarily immobilising Bruno. In simple
perpetual-darkness-terms, Robin and his friends explain the consequence of Mortula's apocalyptic scheme to sunlight-
craving Montressor and promise that the Sun will shine again on asteroid Mortula if Montressor helps them to stop
Mortula. Montressor grabs the bat control from Mortula, and Robin, Giles, and Marion command the bat to fly them out
of Mortula Castle. Back at their spaceship, Marion signals Sherwood so that a rescue party is sent, while Robin primes
the 100 tons of stored rocket fuel to detonate once the slightly operable spaceship reaches an asteroid-orbital
position- with nobody aboard it, of course. The fuel explosion depletes much of the cloud cover, and sunlight
bathes the no-longer-dreary Mortula Asteroid. Mortula flees to caves to avoid lethal exposure to Solar rays.
"The Space Wolf"
"It's the Norsemen. The Vikings have come to N.O.T.T.." Ransacking Viking warriors traverse the Solar System in their
outlandish spaceship, a rocket-powered Viking Sea Wolf, pillaging the wealth of targeted space vessels. The Sheriff of
N.O.T.T.'s transporter spaceship, en route to N.O.T.T. Castle after a visit to one of N.O.T.T.'s astral counties, is
intercepted by the space Vikings, its propulsion system encumbered by an Alpha Attractor Ray emanating from the mouth of
the dreaded "Space Wolf", and is tractor-beamed into the bosom of the Viking spacecraft. Viking Captain Erik Arthur
orders his tall and muscular soldiers to chain the Sheriff to a pillar and threatens that the Sheriff will endure the
tortuous and ultimately lethal lightning power of the hammer of Thor, Viking God of War, who also happens to be in Erik's
crew, if he does not surrender all of his wealth to the Viking raiders. The wily Sheriff pleads poverty, on the pretext
that Rocket Robin constantly steals all of the tax revenue collected by the Sheriff, and says that Rocket Robin Hood is
therefore the man to hijack and divest of riches. The Vikings release the Sheriff in his space vessel after the cretinous
N.O.T.T. official provides to them information on Rocket Robin's appearance and on that of the Merry Men's spaceships.
Erik later seizes a space cruiser piloted by Robin and Little John, pulling it via Alpha Attractor Ray into the Space
Wolf. A fierce battle ensues between the laser pistols and fists of the two outlaws of asteroid Sherwood and the spears
and metal shields of the Norsemen, the victors being Robin and Little John. However, Erik uses a lever to release a foam
that gums the legs and feet of the heroic duo and demands, with threat of Thor's hammer, that Robin release his bountiful
booty of which the Sheriff spoke, into the greedy hands of the Norsemen. Robin asserts to Erik that the Sheriff was not
entirely truthful. Robin may steal some of the Sheriff's income but not all of it, and what he has filched was returned to
the impoverished people from whom it had been extracted by cruel N.O.T.T. authority. Robin proclaims that in the vault in
N.O.T.T. Castle are piles and sacks of gold and baskets of jewels- and that he knows how the abundant plunder can be
attained through chicanery. The Viking Captain agrees to a 50:50 partnership with Robin! With Little John remaining aboard
the Space Wolf, Robin and Erik fly in the Merry Men's spaceship to the gate to N.O.T.T. Castle, Erik pretending to be
bringing Robin to the Sheriff's custody for a reward. The Sheriff allows access to Prince John's vault to Erik and Erik's
"captive" so that he can pay 2,000 gold pieces to Erik, and Erik in his zeal at seeing the contents of the vault divulges
the fact of his allegiance with Robin. Now alerted to Erik and Robin's subterfuge, the Sheriff slyly moves out of the
vault and with a shutting of its door, seals the associates in thievery inside of the "impregnable" enclosure. He has also
activated a force field around the vault hatch, and Robin manipulates the force field controls inside of the vault to
burst the door open and free him and Erik. The two are able to stealthily escape N.O.T.T. Castle with sufficient quantity
of stolen sacks of gold in their possession before Erik dissolves the partnership and beckons the Space Wolf to collect
him and all of the heisted gold- and to recapture Robin. However, Little John has succeeded in commandeering the Space
Wolf and has radio-requested assistance from Sherwood. Little John and Will Scarlet join Robin in an area near N.O.T.T.
Castle, Robin regains the riches snatched from the vault, and Erik runs away from Robin and company, boards the Space Wolf
after all of the Merry Men have departed from it, and tries to resume his Viking piracy, only to discover that the Merry
Men have rendered the Alpha Attractor Ray inoperative.
"Dr. Magnet"
Rumours of his death have been exaggerated. Dr. Magnet is alive. The space scoundrel who wears a visor with voice-register
lines like those on an electroencephalogram and who talks through an audio speaker located over his mouth, has assembled a
motley crew of outlaw mercenaries in his effort to divest the Interplanetary Bank of its gold supply. This is done with
the use of magnetism, a tractor beam magnetic field directed at the Interplanetary Bank's gold carrier platforms from an
antenna on Magnet's "innocent-looking", triangular space vessel. The magnetic ray not only pulls the gold into Magnet's
spaceship but also neutralises bank communication, alarm systems, and gold guards' laser guns. After Magnet's most
ambitious heist, of one billion dollars' worth of gold bullion, the thieving genius hopes to direct the attention of the
Interplanetary Police onto the Merry Men. Magnet has copied Rocket Robin Hood's homing arrow and inside the duplicate
arrow inserts a message stating "Rocket Robin's" intention to continue stealing gold from the Interplanetary Bank. Magnet
dispatches the arrow in the direction of Interplanetary Police headquarters, and as Magnet has planned, the police force
issues a warrant for Robin's capture. On Sherwood Asteroid, the Merry Men intercept a transmission in this regard by
police Captain Scott, and Robin resolves to meet with Scott in order to help Scott to apprehend the real culprits.
Accompanied by Will Scarlet, Little John, and Friar Tuck, Robin departs Sherwood in a spaceship and encounters Magnet's
flying triangle. Magnet announces himself and his nefarious deeds to Robin and company by radio communication before
training a concentrated magnetic blast at the Merry Men's spaceship, crippling its controls and sending it on a collision
course with the surface of Sherwood Asteroid. Robin and friends manage to activate the retro-rockets of their spaceship in
sufficient time to prevent a high-angle crash-landing. With a meteoric rock camouflage around their revitalised space
vehicle, they trail Magnet's criminal band to planet Plato, where they sneak into the cavernous lair of the evil-doer and
eavesdrop on Magnet's deliberations to learn of Magnet's next target, a 20 million dollar transfer of gold from an Earth
vault to one on the Moon. Captain Scott is leading a police convoy in escort of the gold, and the Merry Men confer with
him as Robin proclaims his innocence and announces that Dr. Magnet is the guilty party. Knowing in advance of Magnet's
seizure of the Earth-to-Moon gold shipment, the Merry Men are permitted by Scott to act to stop Magnet, with Robin
spacewalking onto Magnet's spaceship to twist the magnetic ray-firing antenna and reverse its pull. The tractor-beamed
gold changes course from going into Magnet's spacecraft to going out of it and back into the possession of the
Interplanetary Bank. Magnet frets and is easily captured by the Merry Men and by Scott, and all of the stolen gold is
retrieved from Magnet's planet Plato hideout.
"The Manta Menace"
"Sound the stimulator. Unleash my menace." Planeton is a pastoral world in the frontier of deep space, its soil abundant
in nitrolic energy essential to the diabolical experiments of Dr. Manta, an alien scientist with the physical attributes
of a humanoid mantis and the genius of Dr. Frankenstein, and who is assisted by Igor, a hunchbacked man further alluding
to Mary Shelley's tale of a doctor who dared to tamper with the forces of nature. Such is the essence of Manta's research,
too. Tapping into the nitrolic energy of Planeton, Manta has succeeded in converting the atoms of plant organisms to those
of reptiles, bestowing motor mobility to previously inanimate matter- and entirely under his control. He wishes to extend
this hybridisation of the plant and the animal for purpose of conquest. An eerie sonic symphony emitted from a Gothic
organ in the castle of Dr. Manta in a forest on Planeton transforms huge trees into rampaging dinosaurs and giant
mushrooms into Triceratops stampeders. Planeton's indigenous elfin populace is terrorised by these abominations, which
trample farm houses and threaten to penetrate the fortress of Mound City. Manta, with Igor, plays a tune of destruction on
the organ by night for maximum creepy effect. Planeton's diminutive, bearded, Irish-accented king, Planethut, suspects
Manta of responsibility for the monsters but requires the assistance of his friend, Rocket Robin Hood, to confront Manta.
A S.O.S. signal from the Planetons is received by Robin, who comes to the troubled planet to aid King Planethut in
thwarting Manta's mayhem. Robin and Planethut visit Manta's castle after being attacked by "marching trees", i.e.
dinosaurs, which were repelled by a fire-tipped arrow slung by Robin. Manta knows that he need not have any secrets from
his accusers and demonstrates the obscene power of his musical instrument. Robin falls through a trap door on the floor
beneath his feet, lands on a spider web, and must battle a flower-turned-spider-crab with his quarterstaff, while Manta's
Triceratops hoard marches against the walls of Mound City. With Planethut as his captive, Manta demands unconditional
surrender from the Planetons, but, as usual, the villain underestimates the fighting prowess and ingenuity of Rocket
Robin, who bests his arachnid opponent by striking with his quarterstaff its antenna-receiver of Manta's sonically
transmitted directives and causing it to retreat from combat. After jetting on his quarterstaff out of Manta Castle to
Mound City, Robin shoots an energy-conductor-roped arrow connected by the Planetons to the city's power generator directly
through the antennae of all of the Triceratops before the horrors can annihilate Mound City. The surge of electricity
through the sonic-information receptors of the beasts neutralises Manta's command of them, and Robin easily frees
Planethut from now-powerless Manta and Igor, who scurry away from Planeton.
"Young Mr. Ulysses"
Robin and Little John discover a sword jutting from the rock of an asteroid formed from a volcanic reaction on some
planet, and find a man in ancient Greek garb in a natural suspended animation process caused by volcanic gasses. Robin
utilises a chemical concoction to reverse the effect of the gasses and restore the Greek man to life. The Greek man is
Ulysses, who was in the midst of his quest for the legendary, omnipotence-bestowing Golden Fleece when the volcanic
reaction sent a chunk of Earth, with him and his three enemies, the Hydra- a three-headed serpent, the Medusa, and the
Cyclops, on it, into space. Ulysses' three foes are still alive in caves on the Earth rock asteroid, and when Robin and
Little John agree to help Ulysses to find the Golden Fleece, they must battle each of Ulysses' nemeses. The two Merry Men
and their Greek cohort are extremely careful not to gaze upon the Medusa's face, which can turn anyone who beholds her
into stone! Robin uses the Medusa's reflection on a cave wall to target a tranquilising arrow, fires the arrow behind his
back, and renders the Medusa unconscious. Neutralising the Hydra by encasing it in Moonite released from a trusty, hand-
held cylinder on Robin's person, the three heroes find the Golden Fleece on a pedestal, in the possession of a dozing
Cyclops, and they try to attain it before the one-eyed giant awakes. They snatch the Fleece, but Little John's joyous, "We
got it!", jolts the belligerent giant out of sleep, and the Cyclops chases Robin, Little John, and Ulysses. Not gazing
upon the unconscious Medusa, Robin places the fleece on her face, awakening her. She petrifies the Cyclops, and Robin,
Little John, and Ulysses exit the labyrinths, with Ulysses now possessor of the Golden Fleece. He chooses to remain on the
asteroid, a part of his native habitat.
"The Incredible Gem of Cosmo Khan"
The advanced and highly populated planet Thor is attacked by a marauding despot named Cosmo Khan, who freezes Thor in
time, shrinks the world to walnut size, and encases it in a protective bubble. The miniaturised Thor is then removed from
its orbit around its star and brought by Cosmo Khan to Khan's home planet of Zanador. The United Solar Systems Council
requests Rocket Robin's assistance in rescuing Thor cloak-and-dagger style from Cosmo Khan's palace, and Robin, Will, and
Little John are flown by a U.S.S. spaceship carrier to the upper atmosphere of Zanador and released from the carrier in
an aeroplane disguised as a Kogool bird to be undetectable by Khan's men. But the aeroplane is fired upon by Zanador
hunters believing it is a Kogool, and the three Merry Men crash-land on Zanador. They swim a moat and dig through dirt to
enter Khan's palace. While the gluttonous Khan is napping after a feast, the trio of Merry Men act on their opportunity
to steal the shrunken planet from Khan's chamber, by lifting it out of an electromagnetic ring and pulling it to the
ceiling with the use of a plunger-tipped arrow. Little John shouts, "We got it!" Khan awakes. The Merry Men play pass-
the-ball with the planet to keep it away from Khan, who calls for his guards. Robin and his companions subdue Khan and
Khan's men, but Khan shoots a size-restoring ray at the shrunken planet and tells to the Merry Men that they have very
little time to return Thor to its proper position in space before it returns to full size. Robin, Will, and Little John
fly one of Khan's space cruisers to return Thor to its precise position before Khan shrunk it, without a second to spare.
It enlarges to full size and is fully reanimated. Khan is imprisoned for his planetary thievery.
"Who'll Kill Rocket Robin?"
Baron Blank of planet Blotto, Mr. Cool from ice world Frigida, and Laser, three of Rocket Robin's enemies, are employed by
the Warlord of Saturn, sworn by the supposedly jewelled rings given to them by the Warlord, to ruthlessly attack the noble
outlaw of Sherwood Asteroid. Each executes his plan, every one a failure, to catch and kill Rocket Robin and Will Scarlet.
Baron Blank utilises his disintegrator implement, called the Eraser, to vanish trees and a mountain on a U.S.S. outpost
planet, thereby luring a predictably curious Robin, accompanied by Will, into the planet's spatial region, where a giant
spider under Blank's control spins a web to entangle Robin and Will's spaceship, for it to be towed to Blotto by Blank's
astronaut army. On Blotto, Blank offers a choice of death method to the heroic duo: perforation in a spiked maiden or
dissolution by the Eraser. Robin and Will distract and overpower the Baron's guards and gain possession of the Eraser,
with which they persuade Blank to join them in a spaceflight to Sherwood and thence to the U.S.S. authorities. En route
thus to Sherwood, Robin and Will's spacecraft is crippled by a freezing ray emanating from Mr. Cool's space cruiser and
falls toward the surface of an obscure planet. Robin's ingenuity prevails yet again as he modifies the ice-encumbered
spaceship's heat shield to melt the ice encasing it and bring the space vessel to a landing on the planet. Surface
temperature there plummets to 1000 degrees below zero, and Robin senses the frosty influence of his nemesis, Mr. Cool. He
and Will speedily relaunch their spaceship on a course for Frigida. Robin threatens to bake Frigida by magnifying the rays
of the Frigida sun unless Mr. Cool surrenders. This Mr. Cool does, and he joins Blank as prisoner in the cargo hold of
Robin and Will's spacecraft, which is intercepted by Laser. Robin defeats Laser by discharging Moonite from his utility
belt to cover Laser's laser pistol finger, divesting Laser of his ability to kill. Having collected their three
adversaries, Robin and Will return to Sherwood, where the rings given to each of Robin's three adversaries by Ming are
examined by Robin and found to be composed of nitroflex, a powerful explosive. The Warlord had expected the three to fail
and was planning to detonate the nitroflex rings once Robin brought the villainous trio to Sherwood, but Robin orders the
rings rocketed into space in sufficient time for their explosion to do no harm to Sherwood. The three villains are
released by Robin to avenge themselves upon Ming, who had intended their death.
"Genius in a Bottle"
Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet must rescue Maid Marion, who has been captured by a crazed robot, the legacy of Zantog,
an ancient scientist preserved in suspended animation by the robot, to which Marion assigns the name of Beast. The robot
controls an army of squid-shaped, other robots, and Robin and Will are themselves frozen as the robot plans to add them to
its collection of life form exhibits. Marion, however, is to be spared from suspended animation, to be the robot's
unwilling consort. Robin is able to use his laser pistol to melt the ice surrounding him and frees Will by the same
method, and together they reanimate Zantog to learn the robot's weakness: all of its power is channelled through a belt
around its waist. They succeed in removing the belt from the robot, who loses control over the other automatons, which
attack him, reducing him to scrap metal.
"The Tree Kingdom of Caldomar"
Monocled warrior Count Phantasmo targets the planet of Caldomar as his next conquest. The energy-rich Caldomar soil causes
the growth of mile-high trees in which the technologically advanced, peace-loving, Orientals-like people of Caldomar have
constructed immense cities, and Phantasmo hopes to distill the Caldomar soil into a super-fuel to power his robot soldiers
and machines (i.e. armoured tanks and saucer-shaped space laser-gunships) of destruction. To do this, he must subjugate
the Caldomar population. Commanding his war fleet of space gunships to base in the least populated part of the planet and
to dig deep underground, Phantasmo plots to destroy the Caldomar civilisation at its literal roots. He and his robot
troops burrow into the vicinity of the outlying city of Nomar, where he uses his ultra-powerful atomic sword to strike at
the arboreal metropolis' foundations, toppling the tree wherein Nomar is situated. Word of this catastrophe reaches the
Caldomar capital city. There, Rocket Robin Hood, Will Scarlet, and Little John are honoured guests in Caldomar's
celebration of 300 years of peace. Their host and Robin's school friend, Caldomar Prince Sim, is aghast to learn of
Nomar's fate. Phantasmo contacts Sim by astral-communicator to demand total surrender. If Caldomar's citizens yield to
Phantasmo, they will be enslaved; if they resist him, they will die in the devastation of their cities. Caldomar is not
practised in war, and Sim needs the help of the Merry Men to fight against Phantasmo. Robin, Will, and Little John are
happy to participate in this task. They use Phantasmo's transmission to trace the location of his centre of operations on
Caldomar and swing on Caldomar tree vines to stealthily approach it. Little John fells a line of Phantasmo's robot
soldiers with one swish of his quarterstaff, and Robin confronts the Count in physical combat and gains possession of the
atomic sword. Phantasmo escapes the trio in one of his spaceships and retaliates against them and against the people of
Caldomar by igniting a spreading fire in the forests. The Merry Men return to Prince Sim in advance of the holocaust and
assist Sim's scientists to concoct crystals to seed the clouds of the planet and begin a drenching rainfall to douse the
flames. Remote-controlled spaceships containing the crystals are launched from Caldomar's urban capital, Phantasmo lasers
the spaceships, and the crystals are thereby released into the atmosphere. The ample rain water quenches the blaze, to the
chagrin of the Count! The Merry Men pursue and down Phantasmo's fleeing space gunship, and Robin wields the atomic sword
to knock the defeated Phantasmo's monocle out of Phantasmo's eye.
"Catch a Comet By the Tail"
Prince John hopes to rid himself of Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet by way of a matter transporter to hurl them to the
furthest reaches of space, but the overzealous Prince John fouls the process, and though Robin and Will are teleported
somewhere, it is not anywhere as far from the Solar System's asteroid field as the wicked prince had hoped. Robin and Will
are on a desolate asteroid where they are captured by savages, who prepare to burn the two Merry Men at stakes, but the
fortuitous passing of Halley's Comet and Will's inane chants that appear to the savages to be controlling the moving light
in the sky, convince the primitives to release the pair and treat them like royalty. Growing quickly bored, Robin and Will
seize a remote chance to return home by riding a boulder propelled into space by a geyser, and becoming drawn into the
tail of comet Halley. Once in space, they call to Sherwood Asteroid to give to Friar Tuck their location, and the Friar
arrives at the comet to rescue them before their air supply around the boulder is exhausted.
"The Emperor Jimmy"
Rocket Robin Hood encounters Carbonetta, an asteroid cut and faceted to look like a diamond, and lands on the smooth-as-
glass surface, where he is immediately captured by armed guards and carried in an chariot formed from laser energy, to
meet the crowned Emperor of Carbonetta, a clearly bored boy named James, and the Prime Minister, a chubby, ill-tempered,
nasal-voiced man who orders Robin's death. But Emperor James spares Robin and requests that the galactically famous Robin
demonstrate his archery skills. Alone with James (called Jimmy by Robin), Robin asks James to permit him to escape, and
the boy obliges, by going along with Robin on a phony hostage-taking in which Robin uses Jimmy as a shield so that he can
depart the jewel asteroid. Once in space, Robin contacts Carbonetta's Prime Minister to arrange to return Jimmy to the
jewel asteroid, and the Prime Minister, always having wanted the crown for himself, announces that he is now Emperor,
that he has told his people that Robin killed Jimmy, and that Jimmy will be killed as an impostor if Jimmy returns to
Carbonetta. So, Robin adopts Jimmy as a junior squire on Sherwood Asteroid, but Jimmy's enthusiasm changes to despair due
to his ineptitude at Merry Men activities. Robin assures him that with time and training he will thrive. Going with Robin
on a training flight in a spaceship, Jimmy intercepts a transmission between Carbonetta's new Emperor and Prince John,
involving a plan by the two tyrants to divide the diamond wealth of Carbonetta between them and enslave the people. Jimmy
and Robin descend to the jewel asteroid, where Jimmy proves himself a man in the battle against both the usurper Emperor
and the N.O.T.T. troops that come to the asteroid. First, Jimmy defends Robin with some fancy arrow-slinging, entangling
in rope the Carbonetta guards ordered by the usurper Emperor to kill Robin. And then, swinging on another rope, Jimmy
kicks the stomach of the ill-tempered, illegitimate Emperor. His usurper effectively ousted, Jimmy easily convinces his
people that he is who he says he is. All of the people of Carbonetta avow loyalty to Jimmy, who directs the Carbonetta
population to chip away pieces of diamond from Carbonetta's surface to throw at the N.O.T.T. men, whose greed results in
fighting among themselves and a rout of them by the united Carbonetta forces. Jimmy is Emperor again by acclamation, and
Robin bids to him a warm good-bye.
"The Eternal Planet or Romarama"
Rocket Robin Hood is alone in his spaceship, reconnoitring the fringes of known space, when he deciphers an S.O.S.
transmission from a planet in an uncharted cosmic region and informs Friar Tuck and Will Scarlet on Sherwood of his plan
to assist whoever is in trouble. However, the S.O.S. signal is a deception to lure Robin close to the planet, from which a
beam of energy is emitted to surround, seize, and pull Robin's spacecraft to the planet's surface for a crash-landing
there. The event is being monitored by three men of whom the leader, Tug Lug, intended to entrap Robin as fodder for his
fearsome pet Electrosaurs, dinosaurs that discharge matter-obliterating neutron rays from their nostrils. The Electrosaurs
attack Robin in the area of Robin's crashed spaceship, and instinctively, Robin fires his laser gun at the beasts, but the
laser energy only increases their size! Robin tries to shelter himself in his spaceship by activating its heat shield for
protection against the Electrosaurs' neutron rays, but the monsters by their mouths grab Robin's spacecraft, with Robin
still inside! Tug Lug, who has command over the Electrosaurs, orders them to bite into Robin's metal refuge, but before
the horrible latter-day dinosaurs can complete this action, Robin's space vessel is again manipulated by an enwrapping
surge of energy. This time, it is levitated out of the mouths and reach of Tug Lug's pets and carried in a strange
aeroplane to the walled city that Tug Lug curses for its interference. In the fortified city, which is patterned like
ancient Rome but with high technology, Robin meets the benevolent Emperor Claudius of Roma Seconda, established by Romans
who harnessed the eruption of Vesuvius to escape the miseries of Earth. After millennia of peace, the Romans on their
second planetary home are now threatened by Tug Lug's hoard of barbarians. Tug Lug is in possession of some of the same
technology owned by Roma Seconda (e.g. the spaceship-moving tractor beams), and the Romans cannot repel, with their
catapulted disintegration "rocks" composed of de-atomising anti-matter, an impending massed assault atop Electrosaurs by
Tug Lug's group of marauders because, as Robin has observed, the Electrosaurs are impervious to all forms of energy,
including that produced in impact by Roma Seconda's anti-matter weaponry. Robin assists the Roman champion, Marcus,
Claudius' son, in a personal confrontation with Tug Lug and with the Electrosaur atop of which the vandal leader sits. He
slings an arrow directly into the mouth of the roaring beast. The Electrosaur is reduced to baby-size, Tug Lug temporarily
withdraws from battle, and Robin and the Romans deduce that Robin's iron-tipped arrow acted like a lightning rod, causing
a reverse flow of the monster's neutron energy. The Electrosaur's Achilles heel is in its throat. In accordance with this
discovery, Robin and Claudius arrange for the catapults positioned along the city perimeters to shoot solid steel blocks
(which are used for Roma Seconda wall construction) directly into the mouths of the Electrosaurs when Tug Lug initiates an
all-out aggression against Rome. Every Electrosaur is diminished to hand-held cuteness, Tug Lug is defeated, the Romans
rejoice, and Friar Tuck is transported in a bubble to the planet to join Robin in a Roman feast.
```
*Dr.
Medulla, with his planet-controlling mechanism, in "The Living Planet".*
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Season 3
```
Production of the third season of **Rocket Robin Hood** began at what was called "Ralph's Spot" in New York City. Ralph Bakshi fully put his stylistic stamp onto the television programme, with the result that the most visually and conceptually impressive **Rocket Robin Hood** episodes are arguably those of Season 3.  "Dementia Five", "Lord of the Shadows", "The Living Planet", and "From Menace to Menace" offer a veritable bonanza of creepily arresting images, in addition to most deadly danger for Rocket Robin and his men, with whole worlds being destroyed, cat shadows bloodily killing a dog, and an artificial planet whose constituent elements can be lethally directed against any unwitting or unwilling comer to that synthetic astral body. Other third season episodes involve a belligerent giant wreaking destruction upon an advanced city, controlled earthquakes that engulf hapless scientists, and a huge, flying sphinx that swallows spaceships. Evil scientists want to expunge the Earth, darken stars, and plunder an asteroid for lavaside before destroying said asteroid with a behemoth mountain monster, and Infinata of Dementia Five will stop at nothing to preserve the secrets of his nightmarish realm.
Some of the most intense visualisations ever to be manifest on Saturday morning television are those of **Rocket Robin Hood** under the full creative control of Ralph Bakshi. Bakshi stretched budgets while working to exceedingly rigid timetables to produce a run of **Rocket Robin Hood** episodes that truly portrayed space and its worlds and its megalomaniacal-minded life-forms as daunting and scary. When money was all but gone and there was a further five episodes expected to be produced, Bakshi, as he did with **Spiderman**, cobbled together some "cheater" episodes using existing footage.  "Planet of Dreams" is quite an inventive variation on the flashback episode, with Rocket Robin and his men needing to keep from falling asleep by remembering their past experiences. The other "cheater" episodes reuse footage, even dialogue, from previous third season episodes to present sequels to past encounters with certain villains, with, in some cases, almost no measurable difference from how the original tussle of Robin (or Robin and accompaniment) against villain had proceeded. Cartoon-animation and backgrounds are reused wholesale, with only some perfunctory expositional dialogue to give some semblance of a new and different storyline. Whereas **Spiderman**'s "cheater" episodes are often quite creative in their construction, **Rocket Robin Hood**'s "cheaters" are mostly half-baked in conception and tenuous, at best, in their story plot development, and non-availability of some of the voice talent was a complication that further reduced the value and quality of the five "cheater" episodes. With the exception of "Planet of Dreams", all of them are forgettable and disposable. But they should not detract from what had preceded them in Season 3. Absolutely not!
"The Living Planet", in positing that a planet, albeit an artificial one, could be a living, single, holistic entity, references the concept of Gaia, the exquisite notion that a planet and its ecosystem could be alive and conscious as a being, a life-form, its flora, its geological formations, its atmosphere, its environment being its bodily organs or appendages and its processes, all performing a function contributing to the whole planetary body's life-force. And that planetary body possessing a consciousness, a sentience. Though the planet's sentience in "The Living Planet" comes from the brain waves of evil scientist, Dr. Medulla, through a machine called a galvomagnetiser, the principle of Gaia in its  most elaborate iteration, is still very discernibly present. A planet heart is even seen to beat. It is a profoundly sophisticated concept, and **Rocket Robin Hood** dared to utilise it for one of its most impressive episodes. There is some Gaia invoked also in the machinations of Dr. Manta in "From Menace to Menace" as he is able to instill some sentience into formations of rock, such that they become fearfully deadly and destructive animals.
"Dementia Five" proposes that thought alone can form dimensions of horrific substance, fully autonomous and co-existing with normal space, and able to cross into normal space to destroy highly populated astral bodies and individual space travellers, in addition to selectively pulling persons into them for the most nightmarish of experiences. Then there is, in "Lord of the Shadows", the idea that the forces of darkness do exist in the universe as corporeal entities and can be destructively harnessed where starlight is weakest or not present at all. Amazing material! **Rocket Robin Hood** was no longer about an inept magician, an animal-sound-making, elfin boy, or an ineffectual and goofy would-be bridegroom. With its third season, **Rocket Robin Hood** became conceptually provocative space horror, quite aptly befitting, and indeed often surpassing, its overall Gothic aesthetic.
```
"The Dark Galaxy"
Rocket Robin Hood and Will Scarlet on Sherwood Asteroid watch an Earth news broadcast announcing that one of Robin's long-
time friends, Sir Godfrey Humbolt, is missing and presumed dead. Humbolt had been exploring a fearsome region of the
cosmos called the Dark Galaxy, before his reconnaissance space cruiser was subjected to intense blasting from nuclear
missiles. Humbolt dispatched into space a message capsule containing his final mission report wherein he tried to warn the
universe of a unspecified threat, before all communication from him ceased. Robin believes that Sir Godfrey, a "tough old
bird", is yet alive somewhere in the Dark Galaxy, into which Robin and Will penetrate in hope of rescuing Humbolt. The
twosome land their spaceship on a planet inhabited by giant reptiles and savage humanoids. Surveying on foot the planet's
surface, Robin and Will are beset by the brutes, and a violent fight results. The primitives capture Will, who notices
that a pendant worn by one of them has Humbolt's initials on it. Ergo, Humbolt was on this wretched planet at some point
in time. Robin re-boards and flies his and Will's spaceship into the mouth of a volcano to which Will is condemned to
death by his apish captors, and rescues Will from the fall into molten lava. The pair hasten to leave this planet, with
the primitives in pursuit. A spear thrown by one of the savages ruptures the fuel tank of Robin and Will's spacecraft,
forcing an emergency landing by the intrepid duo on a neighbouring planet with East Indian and Egyptian architecture. A
giant sphinx pursues, swallows, and transports the two Merry Men to the lair of the evil Count Adolf, who, assisted by an
army of robot mummies, plans to conquer the universe. Count Adolf consigns Robin and Will to a spike-walled jail cell,
where they find Humbolt, who tells to them that Count Adolf uses an atomic brain to control the mummies. The three
prisoners escape their converging-wall prison by dint of Robin's skill at archery and the capacity of his arrow to remove
iron bars from jail cell windows. Learning from Sir Godfrey that Adolf's observatory building is the location of the
atomic brain, Robin executes a plan to utilise the mummies to destroy the brain in a stampede by leading the mummies on a
chase through the observatory building. The mummies mindlessly smash the delicate equipment composing the brain. When the
brain is destroyed, Adolf's power over the mummies is broken, and the mummies rebel against him. Robin, Will, and Humbolt
depart the Dark Galaxy in the giant sphinx that belonged to the Count.
"Space Giant"
The Merry Men's friend, Tiny, the amiable Giant of Zeno, is turned into a rampaging monster when the Minutiae inhabitants
of a black cloud mechanically generate a thunderbolt to strike Tiny's head, befog his conscience and gentle nature, and
energise his latent aggression. Tiny begins demolishing the buildings of a city inhabited by normal-sized Zenons, and
Robin, Will, Little John, and Friar Tuck are unable to communicate with Tiny, who punches their spaceship. The Zenon army
prepares to discharge an atomic howitzer against Tiny, and the Merry Men, having escaped their crippled spaceship,
perceive the black cloud moving above Tiny to give to the giant another mania-inducing jolt. Robin undergoes a reducing
process so that he is small enough to enter the cloud and battle its micro-organic occupants who are using Tiny to destroy
Zeno's civilisation so that they can assume control of the planet. Robin ignites a fire that consumes the cloud and its
micro-organic denizens, and Robin escapes the inferno and returns to full size. Tiny recovers to his lucid, kindly state
of mind and remorsefully agrees to help to rebuild Zeno's city.
"The Haunted Asteroid"
Colonel Horatio Spaulding and his weaselly assistant, Gideon, are being transported by the Merry Men to a conference of
military leaders, when their spaceship is attacked by mysterious forces and crash-lands on an asteroid widely believed to
be haunted. The asteroid was once home to a magnificent alien civilisation and is said to have a deserted city with great
riches, and ghosts supposedly guard the asteroid and city against interlopers. Gideon is most insistent about the haunting
being truth. However, Robin is never one to believe in the supernatural, and when his party, trekking across the gloomy
surface of the asteroid, is attacked by skeletal dinosaurs, by giant, man-eating plants that appear to consume Gideon,
and by bat-like things firing freezing rays from their eyes, Robin removes pieces of the hostile creatures that have a
mechanical look. Robin theorises that the attacking creatures were robots. The heroic group finds the legendary city and a
number of lizard-like things that are loading the priceless artifacts of the city into rockets. Robin grabs the leader and
finds that it talks in a familiar voice and is just a man in a costume. Removing the mask, Robin, to no surprise, finds
Gideon, who had planned to steal the wealth of the city and use the haunted asteroid legend as a "smoke screen". Robin's
men capture all of Gideon's thugs to be delivered to the United Solar Systems authorities, and depart the asteroid in one
of Gideon's rockets.
"The Plot to Destroy N.O.T.T."
Prince John has devised a one-of-a-kind super-missile whose existence, he believes, will bring terror and order to the
Solar System. But the Warlord of Saturn attacks N.O.T.T. Castle, raids the hangar, and snatches the missile. Prince John's
only hope of reclaiming the missile is to infiltrate Ming's fortress by stealth, and the Merry Men are most adept at this.
So, Prince John contacts Sherwood Asteroid to plead for Robin and company to help him to recover his property. Robin knows
that the Warlord of Saturn is the worst of two evils, that while Prince John is a "stand-pat" despot, the Warlord is a
conqueror who has no compunction about using the missile. So, Robin agrees to help Prince John! Robin, Will, and Little
John sneak into Ming's fortress, narrowly escaping many deathtraps, and gain access to the hangar where the missile is- to
find the Warlord himself guarding it. In retaliation for Prince John sending the Merry Men to filch the missile, the
Warlord fires it directly at N.O.T.T. Castle! Robin leaps onto the missile as it launches, and rides it into space. Will
fights with the Warlord and turns the effect of the Warlord's freezing ray ring onto its wearer. Escaping the Warlord's
fortress, Will and Little John fly alongside the rocket as Robin adjusts the mechanism to neutralise the detonator so that
when the rocket reaches N.O.T.T. Castle, all that it does is give to Prince John a harmless "fireworks show".
"The Solar Sphinx"
Robin, Will, and Little John are preparing to attack what appears to be one of Prince John's tax space-wagons when the
spaceship changes its appearance. It discharges a paralytic substance onto the hull of the three outlaws' spacecraft and
pulls the trio and their space vessel inside of its fully robotised structure for a journey to asteroid Nilor that is
fashioned like ancient Egypt, with walking mummy robot-guards. The Nilor ruler, Emperor Tut, introduces himself to the
Merry Men and says that he brought them to his asteroid to crown them as princes, providing that they help him to conquer
the universe. Robin declines, of course: "Sorry, old boy. But I'm really Napoleon. And these (Will and Little John) are
Humpty and Dumpty. We have a date for a ping-pong game with Alexander the Great. Maybe some other time." Tut furiously
orders his mummies to seize the trio and to throw them into a dungeon with walls that converge onto them. Little John's
jet-quarterstaff stalls the enclosing walls momentarily, until the three Merry Men are able to use acrobatics to propel
themselves above the walls and out of danger. They then are met by an aged and bearded man named Ezra, leader of a Nilor
rebel group that wants to overthrow Tut's tyranny. Ezra gives to Robin a map indicating the location of a launch area
where the Merry Men snatch a spaceship to escape Nilor. Tut activates his "ultimate weapon", a gigantic, flying sphinx,
to pursue Robin, Will, and Little John. It bites into and swallows their heisted spaceship- and ingests them too! Inside
the Solar Sphinx, Robin chooses to corrupt the sphinx's mechanism by ramming a gear into a wheel. Robin and his friends
parachute to Nilor from the wildly spinning sphinx before it collapses into itself and explodes. They infiltrate Tut's
palace by disguising themselves as mummies, with wrap-fabric adapted from the parachutes, and administer a consciousness-
divesting strike to Tut's head with a metallic food tray. His now-directionless mummy robots easily deactivated, Tut is
arrested by the revolutionary group led by Ezra.
"Lord of the Underworld"
Three scientists are swallowed by the Earth, the victims of two consecutive earthquakes. Robin does not believe in
coincidences, and Dr. Von Beck, one of the missing scientists, once saved Little John's life. So, Robin, Little John, and
Will fly to Earth to investigate and hover over one of the earthquake sites. The ground beneath them opens and pulls their
spaceship into the Earth, to an underground river. They swim ashore to a maze of caverns and are met and captured by a
midget scientist named Lord of the Underworld, who kidnapped the scientists to use their knowledge, mechanically extracted
from their brains, for constructing a bomb to trigger a highly volatile Earth's core element, magnium, a spoonful of which
can destroy a city. Underworld has extracted enough of it to reduce the Milky Way to dust, leaving sufficient magnium in
the Earth's core to obliterate Earth in retaliation for Earth's thwarting of his prior scheme to seize power there.
Underworld plans to depart Earth with his huge supply of magnium, having locked the three Merry Men in a prison cell- to
die with everyone on Earth when the magnium in the planet's core is triggered by a timed bomb. Robin, Will, and Little
John escape their confinement. Will follows and stops Underworld's escape vehicle, and Robin slings a roped arrow to pull
the bomb away from its assigned, magnium-triggering position and throws it into a cavern where it explodes harmlessly.
The Merry Men free the three scientists and leave Underworld to the Earth authorities.
"The Ghost Pirates"
The Flying Dutchman, famed ghost-ship of Earthly legend, doomed to sail for eternity with a phantom pirate crew and
commanded by a ruthless Captain Vandergeist, appears periodically in Solar space, raiding cargo spacecraft and bringing
terror to the interplanetary space-shipping lanes. Rocket Robin Hood is asked by the Solar System Space Guard to provide
safe passage of the beautiful Princess Leia of Jupiter to Saturn for a royal wedding. But the presence and fighting power
of Robin's intrepid group is ineffective against the sudden manifestation of the Dutchman. The Dutchman slams into Robin's
space cruiser, which is then swiftly invaded by an overwhelming number of Vandergeist's raiders. The Princess is captured
for ransom, along with Friar Tuck and Will Scarlet. Robin does not believe that Vandergeist and the Dutchman are
supernatural. The punches and sword strikes of Vandergeist's minions are too solid for ghosts. Joined by Little John, who
rescues him from his rammed and crippled spaceship, Robin trails the Dutchman to Caribia, the Ocean Asteroid, and to a
bubbled city that rises out of the water, admits entry to the Dutchman, and submerges. Robin and Little John attract the
laser energy of a mutant eel to break through the bubble at its weakest point. The heroic pair free Will and the Friar.
Robin fights with Vandergeist, who is no ghost; the Dutchman's "ghostly" visitations are technological fakery. With one
punch, Robin overcomes Vandergeist and citizen-arrests him. The pirates are defeated, and the Princess is freed.
"Dementia Five"
By far the spookiest and most provocative episode of **Rocket Robin Hood**! Scientist Athom of planet Goth in the Galaxy of
Kamosah has, with his computers, discovered the secrets of Infinata, one-eyed, skeletal ruler of a frightening,
psychedelic dimension where thought is reality and Infinata's wicked thoughts are all-powerful- so powerful that he is
able to invade normal space and destroy all worlds that pose a threat to his dimension, Dementia Five. Athom's conversion
of all of Kamosah's accumulated knowledge, including the secrets of Dementia Five, into a library accessible by any
technological civilisation, dooms Goth, as Infinata attacks and obliterates Goth before Athom can use his information.
Flying a rocket, Athom escapes his exploding planet. He carries the Library of Goth, reduced to a portable, spherical
module, into space in hope of finding a civilisation that can decode and apply the data to defeat Infinata. Infinata knows
that Athom yet possesses the Library and orders a trio of his blobby minions to fire destructive psycho-waves at Athom's
rocket, crippling it, despite its protective shell of meteoric rock, and sending it on a crash course with Sherwood
Asteroid. But Rocket Robin orders that Sherwood's trajectory be mechanically altered so that Athom's rocket does not
collide with it and parachutes as a tiny packet into Robin's hand. Athom is insect-sized in relation to Robin and lives
long enough with his mortal wounds sustained in the crippling of his rocket, to telepathically communicate his mission to
Robin and bestow upon the Merry Men the Library of Goth, which must be brought to the United Solar Systems Agency where it
will presumably be safe. Robin and Little John leave Sherwood, in a spaceship to transport the Library to the U.S.S., but
Infinata attacks, hurtling their spaceship impossibly past the speed of light so that it breaks apart. Robin orders Little
John to compute the spaceship's last position before it explodes, throwing Robin and Little John into space, but not
normal space. After being compelled to ascend a stairway and cross through a portal, they are in Dementia Five, where
Infinata tries to choke the location of the Library out of them. Then, when Robin's ring, which Infinata infers must
contain the tiny Library, is found to be empty, Infinata sentences Robin and Little John to die in a quicksand-like pool.
But Robin closes his eyes and finds himself floating in normal space. He orders Little John to do the same, and both have
learned Infinata's jealously-guarded secret, that Dementia Five is all illusion, existing only in the minds of those
persons who believe in it, and that by closing their eyes and minds to Infinata, Robin and Little John will be free. This
they do, and they are back in normal space, instantly rescued by a United Solar Systems Patrol space vessel, and the
Library of Goth is recovered at the precise position where Robin and Little John's spaceship exploded.
"Lord of the Shadows"
Dr. Nocturne, "wizard of cosmic darkness, sorcerer of the perpetual night to which all black forms obey," uses an ammonia-
gas-firing asphyxiator to blot out sunlight. On Sherwood, Robin and Friar Tuck observe the darkening of stars near to the
Solar System. Robin embarks on a solo mission to investigate the phenomenon and comes to the planet of the most recent
victim star. A boy on the bleak planet, while walking his dog, is attacked by the shadowy but solid and deadly forms of
multiple, vicious cats, formed by Nocturne's sorcery. Robin seeds the planet's sun with sodium, which reverses the ammonia
gas' effect, and the result as a brightening of the sun, saving the boy from death by the murderous cat shadows. Robin
lands his spacecraft on the planet, and Nocturne orders the sun re-darkened, then releases the power of his feline shadows
upon Robin, who, outside of his spaceship, is levitated out of danger by a transporter beam that conveys him to an
elevator for descent to an underground city. There, Robin meets Tondo, the father of the boy whose life that Robin has
saved. Robin is told by Tondo about Nocturne's sorcerous powers of darkness and about the black villain's awful plan to
extend his dark dominion through the universe. The inhabitants of the underground city have maintained a brave "front"
against Nocturne's insidious powers by channelling solar energy for electrical light, but with Nocturne's sunlight-
asphyxiating device, the underground dwellers cannot hope to endure much longer. So, Robin leads an attack group of
Tondo's best men disguised as "shadow bats" and armed with fluid mercury guns and firecrackers to bring the battle to
Nocturne's castle. Nocturne and his servant, a stone creature, are surprised by Robin's assault, and Nocturne attempts to
douse the firecracker lights but is subdued by the bombardment of mercury by Robin and company, reduced to a liquid pool,
bottled, and corked!
"The Living Planet"
A fiendish, balding scientist named Dr. Medulla has used the combined genius of many worlds' most eminent scientists to
construct a giant brain in the form of a planet whose collective life-force is controllable by a machine, a
galvomagnetiser, linked to Medulla's own brain waves. Each grain of sand and piece of vegetation is a living cell or
nerve, and there is a beating heart. Medulla is able to manipulate the artificial planet's constituent elements and
weather patterns to generate violent storms that radiate into space and pull Rocket Robin Hood, on a solitary journey in a
spaceship, to the brain-planet's surface, where Robin is attacked by giant, carnivorous plants that enwrap and seize his
spaceship, then by a volcano which forms around him and emits deadly hydrochloric acid gas. Robin is spared from a
stifling death by men with curare-tipped pick-lances relaxing the part of the brain-planet that they touch. Riding on jet-
powered air cars, Robin's saviours transport him to the Unconscious Forest, that part of the brain-planet where Medulla
has least dominion, and confer with the noble outlaw of Sherwood Asteroid. They were the scientists who were tricked by
Medulla into building the brain-planet by Medulla's falsely stated ideal of mind-over-matter for peaceful purpose, i.e. an
end to interplanetary war. The brain-planet has grown in potency and now has the capacity to teleproject impulses to
control or to destroy life everywhere. When the deceived scientists became cognisant of Medulla's megalomania and his
personal symbiosis with the artificial planet, they revolted, ran from Medulla's castle headquarters, and became nomads of
the Unconscious Forest. All except for one scientist, Hugo, Medulla's only present assistant. Robin and his new friends
deduce that the brain-planet has a motor-reflex, an involuntary nerve centre, Cerebellum Crater, that can be short-
circuited, triggering a paralytic chain-reaction. From air cars, Robin and company drop incendiary bombs of their own
makeshift manufacture into Cerebellum Crater. Medulla panics and increases the power of the galvomagnetiser, Cerebellum
Crater short-circuits, the brain-planet is immobilised, and Medulla's machine instruments explode. Medulla and Hugo flee
the flambeed castle and are caught by Robin and the other scientists and placed atop a pick-lance.
"From Menace to Menace"
An adversary from Rocket Robin's past, Dr. Manta, plays his favoured musical instrument, an organ that transmits
electrical impulses to give rampaging movement to inanimate matter, to form giant, mechanical beetles from giant mushrooms
to capture and enslave the inhabitants of a majestic city on an asteroid. With his humpbacked assistant, Igor, Manta
consigns those persons captured to toil in the asteroid's lavaside mines. One of the victimised people manages to send a
distress call to Rocket Robin Hood, and Robin and Will Scarlet travel to the asteroid to successfully battle Manta's
beetles (by usurping robot control of them to cause a massive beetle collision), stone elephant (by luring it to a cliff
top, from which it falls to its doom), gargoyle (by pulverising it with laser energy from Robin's laser ray pistol), and
castle moat alligator (by puncturing its mouth and carcass with a sharp twig thrust into its mouth by Robin), in an
insistent effort to foil Manta's scheme to acquire large quantities of lavaside, the most powerful explosive in the
universe. Manta's final move is to create a mountain monster programmed to destroy the asteroid, and Robin commandeers
Manta's spaceship, filled with lavaside, to ram into the monster, after first ejecting from the spaceship at sufficient
distance to avoid being caught in the explosion. Robin and Will apprehend Manta and Igor by gunpoint and free the
asteroid's populace.
"Planet of Dreams"
Crash-landing on a planet whose flora, giant mushrooms, release a gas that blocks subspace radio waves and induces
permanent sleep, Robin, Will, Little John, and Friar Tuck must stay awake by telling stories, true stories, of some of
their previous adventures- with reused footage from "From Menace to Menace", "Space Giant", "The Plot to Destroy
N.O.T.T.", and "Dementia Five". They are able to stave off sleep until morning on the planet, when sunlight destroys the
gas, permitting their distress transmitter to signal a rescue spaceship.
"The Storm Makers"
Wild space storms are spreading and threaten to cast the entire Milky Way into darkness, and a stolen device capable of
generating the instabilities that cause the storms, is believed to be responsible for the adverse space weather. The
suspected culprits are Nocturne and Manta, who have joined forces and are operating from the anti-matter universe. Robin
is transported into the anti-matter universe to battle first Manta, then Nocturne in clumsily reused footage from "From
Menace to Menace" and "Lord of the Shadows". Robin again defeats both, of course.
"Jaws of Steel"
Investigating rumours that the Solar Sphinx is being operated again, Rocket Robin, Will Scarlet, and Little John journey
to familiar ground on asteroid Nilor. The landing of the trio's spaceship on Nilor is monitored by their nemesis, Emperor
Tut: "So, they've come back! Fools!" This is a retread of "The Solar Sphinx", on the pretence that Emperor Tut's motive is
revenge for his previous defeat, and he repeats nearly all of his prior mistakes. Robin, Will, and Little John gain
control of Tut's giant, spaceship-consuming sphinx, and this time, they cause it to collide with Tut's Nilor palace.
"Slaves of Medulla"
With reused footage from "The Living Planet", "From Menace to Menace", "Lord of the Underworld", and "The Plot to Destroy
N.O.T.T.", Robin, Will, and Little John battle Dr. Medulla and Hugo, who have teamed with Underworld and Igor for the
purpose of universal domination by use of the galvomagnetiser, powered by minerals mined by the people of the same
asteroid seized by Dr. Manta in "From Menace to Menace". This episode is a mess, with explosions lasting for more than ten
seconds simply to fill time, unclear terms of alliance between Medulla and Underworld, the latter again in possession of
three missing scientists merely because said scientists happened to be in the clumsily utilised "Lord of the Underworld"
film elements, and a scene showing the Warlord of Saturn, whose presence here is unexplained. Robin and company prevail
over their foes with repeat heroism from all of the episodes from which footage is culled.
"Return Trip"
Worlds are being bombarded by missiles, and this is occurring in the region of space where Infinata was encountered by
Robin and Little John. Believing that Infinata is responsible, Robin, Will, and Little John dare to enter Infinata's
domain, and Infinata releases a beetle army and stone elephant (in scenes from "From Menace to Menace") upon them. They
survive these and confront Infinata, who says that they have intruded upon his realm for nothing, that Prince John is who
is really responsible for the bombardments, and they intercept one of Prince John's missiles and send it into a reverse
trajectory (in scenes from "The Plot to Destroy N.O.T.T.").
```
The legacy of the three-season-long **Rocket Robin Hood** offers some
intriguing anecdotes. The **Spiderman** television series of 1967-70 utilised
extensive footage from **Rocket Robin Hood**'s "From Menace to Menace" and
"Dementia Five" for two of its Ralph Bakshi-produced episodes, a certain side
view of Rocket Robin's face was repainted and used for **The Undersea
Adventures of Captain Nemo**, an educational series of five-minute cartoon
shorts provided to the CBC television network by Al Guest and his wife, Jean
Mathieson, in the mid-1970s, and a housing subdivision in Mississauga, Ontario,
a Toronto suburb, has the distinction of streets named in honour of the
**Rocket Robin Hood** characters.
*Title card
for the **Rocket Robin Hood**- Season 3 episode, "From Menace to Menace".*
In April, 2004, Canada's specialty television animation station, Teletoon,
began running episodes of **Rocket Robin Hood** seven evenings per week. And
with Teletoon launching its Teletoon Retro broadcasting progeny in autumn of
2007, **Rocket Robin Hood** was chosen to be one of the television shows of
yesteryear to spearhead the fledgling television channel. In 2009 and 2010,
**Rocket Robin Hood** was released on DVD in Canada by Paradox Home
Entertainment by way of two four-DVD box sets. All episodes except for
"Safari" were included in the DVD release, though the picture quality of
the episodes was variable and never approximating what is expected with
commercial DVD. Happily, most of the more popular episodes, and especially
"Dementia Five", looked quite satisfactory. The second **Rocket Robin Hood**
DVD box set containing "Dementia Five", all other episodes of Season 3, and
all of Season 2, was out of stock at Amazon.ca just one day following the
DVD box set's release date.
IN MEMORIAM
Bernard Cowan (Narrator and other voices)
Paul Kligman (voice of Friar Tuck)
Chris Wiggins (voice of Will Scarlet and villains)
Len Carlson (voice of Rocket Robin Hood in part of Season 3)
---
With thanks to Stephane Dumas for his help in summarising "Little George" and to
Richard Lukas for similar assistance in the episode synopses for "The Mystery of
the Crown Jewels", "Don Cayote McPherson", "Michael Shawn- the Leprechaun", and
"Little Little John"
Thanks also to Greg Duffell for information on Al Guest
and Trillium Productions
**Rocket Robin Hood** episode images and all other **Rocket Robin Hood** images (c) Krantz Films
**Textual content (c) Kevin McCorry,
with all rights reserved
This Web page, the remembered information, and the
observations therein are the intellectual property of the author unless
otherwise noted and may not be reproduced and then altered in any way without
the express written consent of the author, and any scholarly quoting,
paraphrasing, or other repetition of them MUST be accompanied by full stated
credit to the author, with failure to do so possibly exposing an individual or
group to litigation and possible civil or criminal penalty**
---
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---
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<H1><U>The Pink Floyd Archives</U></H1>
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<A HREF="directry.htm"><FONT SIZE="+1" COLOR="#0000FF"><B><U>All you touch and all you see, is all your life will ever be. </B></U></font></A>
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<U>What is The Pink Floyd Archives?
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<TT><I><B>The Pink Floyd Archives</B></I> is an ongoing archive of Pink Floyd items for the purpose of documenting the history of Pink Floyd. It was started in the mid-seventies by music historian and collector Vernon Fitch to provide a centralized place for Pink Floyd information and collectibles. The <I>Archives</I> includes collections of numerous Floydian historical items, including records, singles, CDs, tapes, videos, posters, tour programs, back stage passes, promotional materials, books, magazines, photos, autographs, etc.</TT>
<P>
<TT><I><B>The Pink Floyd Archives</B></I> is intended as a resource for use by fans and biographers of the band, and contact is encouraged. <B>However, before contacting <I>The Pink Floyd Archives</I> directly, please take a look at the reference materials on this site. There is a wealth of information provided in the <A HREF="directry.htm">Reference Directory</A></B> on this web site.</TT>
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<H3>* <U>Comfortably Numb - A History of "The Wall"</U> *</H3>
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<B><I><U>Comfortably Numb-A History of "The Wall"</I></U> is a deluxe, full-color limited edition book that is currently available from PFA Publishing.<BR>
Every copy is hand stamped, numbered, and signed by both authors.<BR>
Only 5,000 copies were printed.<P>
Read more about it and order your copy today at:<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.PFAPublishing.com">www.PFAPublishing.com</A><P></B>
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<A HREF="directry.htm"><U>The Pink Floyd Archives Reference Directory</U></A>
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<IMG SRC="prism.gif" ALT="The Pink Floyd Archives Reference Directory">
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<FONT SIZE="+1"><B><A HREF="directry.htm">TABLE OF CONTENTS</A><P>
<A HREF="PFbooks/BooksTOC.htm">BOOK DATABASE</A> - <A HREF="Tours.htm">CONCERT DATES</A> - <A HREF="DiscTOC.htm">PINK FLOYD DISCOGRAPHIES PAGE</A> - <A HREF="Fanzines.htm">FANZINES</A><BR><A HREF="IntGrps.htm">INTERNET GROUPS</A> - <A HREF="posters/PostInd.htm">POSTER GALLERY</A> - <A HREF="WebIndex.htm">WEB INDEX</A> - <A HREF="WebSites.htm">WEB SITES</A> - <A HREF="Articles.htm">WRITINGS</A></B></font>
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You can contact <I><B>The Pink Floyd Archives</B></I> by e-mail at:<BR> <B><a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></B>
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<I>Site opened February 20, 1996</I>
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The Pink Floyd Archives home page
# The Pink Floyd Archives
[**All you touch and all you see, is all your life will ever be.**](directry.htm)
---
##
What is The Pink Floyd Archives?
***The Pink Floyd Archives*** is an ongoing archive of Pink Floyd items for the purpose of documenting the history of Pink Floyd. It was started in the mid-seventies by music historian and collector Vernon Fitch to provide a centralized place for Pink Floyd information and collectibles. The *Archives* includes collections of numerous Floydian historical items, including records, singles, CDs, tapes, videos, posters, tour programs, back stage passes, promotional materials, books, magazines, photos, autographs, etc.
***The Pink Floyd Archives*** is intended as a resource for use by fans and biographers of the band, and contact is encouraged. **However, before contacting *The Pink Floyd Archives* directly, please take a look at the reference materials on this site. There is a wealth of information provided in the [Reference Directory](directry.htm)** on this web site.
---
### \* Comfortably Numb - A History of "The Wall" \*
[](http://www.PFAPublishing.com)
***Comfortably Numb-A History of "The Wall"* is a deluxe, full-color limited edition book that is currently available from PFA Publishing.
Every copy is hand stamped, numbered, and signed by both authors.
Only 5,000 copies were printed.
Read more about it and order your copy today at:
[www.PFAPublishing.com](http://www.PFAPublishing.com)**
---
##
[The Pink Floyd Archives Reference Directory](directry.htm)
**[TABLE OF CONTENTS](directry.htm)
[BOOK DATABASE](PFbooks/BooksTOC.htm) - [CONCERT DATES](Tours.htm) - [PINK FLOYD DISCOGRAPHIES PAGE](DiscTOC.htm) - [FANZINES](Fanzines.htm)
[INTERNET GROUPS](IntGrps.htm) - [POSTER GALLERY](posters/PostInd.htm) - [WEB INDEX](WebIndex.htm) - [WEB SITES](WebSites.htm) - [WRITINGS](Articles.htm)**
---
##
How to contact The Pink Floyd Archives
You can contact ***The Pink Floyd Archives*** by e-mail at:
**[[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])**
---
[](http://www.legacylinks.com)
---
*Site opened February 20, 1996*
You are visitor number
[](http://guestscounter.com)
[free counter](http://guestscounter.com)
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<TITLE>The Tennessean METROPLEX</TITLE>
<META NAME="Classification" CONTENT="Transformers">
<META NAME="Description" CONTENT="The Tennessean Metroplex - A very reputable Transformers web site in Memphis named for the Autobot City. Carries several X-Men and Generation X links and ties to the University of Memphis. Uses an urban theme. Now carries an unfinished profile of Minerva!">
<META NAME="KeyWords" CONTENT="The Tennessean Metroplex - The Tennessean METROPLEX, Tennessee, Memphis, Autobots, Decepticons, Savannius, metroplex, Downshift, TF: Alternative, Apparition, Overdrive, Desiree, Optimus, Rodimus, Megatron, Galvatron, Omnibots, Maximals, X-Men, Generation X, black erotica, smokescreen, Transformers, japanese transformers, ranma, sailor v, minerva, links, quintessons, talondres, arman kylo, black, mutant, cybertron, seibertron, cybertronian, storm, M, Monet St. Croix, multiple penetrations, Norma Stitz, Charmaine Sinclair, Alexis Styles, mandingo, Witwicky, matrix, allspark, nebulos, saturn, Saturn Ascendant, Megaman, clinton turnpike.">
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<IMG SRC="us.gif"> <img src="tn.gif" width=60 height=40> <BGSOUND SRC="http://www.vgmusic.com/music/console/nintendo/gameboy/gbmm5_mars.mid" loop=4 volume=25><EMBED SRC="http://www.vgmusic.com/music/console/nintendo/gameboy/gbmm5_mars.mid" AUTOSTART=true TYPE="application/x-mplayer2" loop=4 volume=25 height=60 width=144></EMBED>
<a href="http://transformers.fanfly.net/?L3081"><img src="http://assets.m80im.com/webmasters/transformers/Transformer468x60.gif" border="0" align=top></a>
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<!--#geoguide-->
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<h1><center><font face="hobo, hobby, highway gothic, blue highway bold, eras demi ITC, masterforce">The Tennessean Metroplex</font></center></h1>
<br>
<!--HEAD2-->
<center>
<h5><font face="Square721 BT, eurostile, univers">More... much more than meets the eye!</font></h5>
<IMG SRC="logospin.gif"></center>
<p>
<!--LINE1-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/icons/lines/rainbow_thinline.gif">
<p>
<!--BODY-->
<center>
Bonjour, mes amis, les citoyens de la planète Earth... et les Autobots aussi.<br>
(Greetings, my friends, the citizens of the planet Earth... and the Autobots as well.)</center><font size=1><br></font>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/icons/lines/rainbow_thinline.gif">
<p>
I decided to give name this page what I did because of Hot Rod's quote to Daniel in Transformers The Movie: "You can see everything from Lookout Mountain." In case you didn't know, Lookout Mtn. is in my home state of Tennessee, thus suggesting that Autobot City and its primary neighborhood, Metroplex, sit upside Lookout Mountain on the Tennessee-(American) Georgia border. (I have a friend who is from former Soviet Georgia.)
Anyway, thanks for visiting the only city-state I may ever build.
<img src="metroplx.gif" align=right> <p>
<img SRC="signboard.gif" usemap="#signboard" border="0">
<map name="signboard">
<area shape="rect" alt="To find out more about Autobot City, click here." coords="4,9,475,39" href="Autoplex.html">
<area shape="rect" alt="A little about me (the City's founder)" coords="4,40,475,60" href="descriv.html">
<area shape="rect" alt="The Residents' (Autobot) Page" coords="4,61,475,80" href="autobot.html">
<area shape="rect" alt="The Decepticon Page" coords="4,81,475,110" href="decepticon.html">
<area shape="default" nohref>
</map>
<p>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/yellowball.gif"> <A HREF="Autoplex.html">
To find out more about Autobot City, click here.</a><BR>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/yellowball.gif"> <A HREF="descriv.html">A little about <b>me</b> (The City's founder)</a><BR>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/orangeball.gif"> <A HREF="autobot.html">The Residents' (Autobot) Page</a><BR>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/blueball.gif"> <A HREF="decepticon.html">The Decepticon Page</a><P>
<BR>
<CENTER><IMG SRC="PatLee-metroplex.jpg" alt="Metroplex, as illustrated by Dreamwave's Pat Lee and colored by Ramil Sunga"><IMG SRC="Trans6Auto.jpg" alt="Inferno & Red Alert, as illustrated by Dreamwave's Pat Lee and colored by Ramil Sunga"><BR>
This is the first anniversary of the September 11th tragedy. We need to find out who our allies and enemies are! America will not fall to acts of cowardice by unknown assailants. <b>NEVER</b> forget what happened. UNITED WE STAND.<BR>
<BR>
<a href="http://messenger.yahoo.com/edit/send/?.target=Savannius"><font color=#1fcaff>
<img border="0" src="http://opi.yahoo.com/yahooonline/u=savannius/m=g/t=8/l=us/opi.gif" align=top></font></a>
</CENTER>
<BR>
<BR>
-- UNDER CONSTRUCTION --
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/icons/lines/construct_line_1.gif">
<p>
To tide you over until I'm done, here is an image of my favorite "weather girl" and black superheroine, STORM!
<center><IMG SRC="storm.gif" ALT="Storm. 3-time X-Men field leader and current movie star. Go enjoy the new X-Men movie!"><BR>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/icons/lines/ruler_measured_1.gif"></center>
<P>
<!--LINKS--><P>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/redball.gif"> Links to other sites on the Web<p>
<!--LINK0-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="questionnaire.html">Check out our new <b>Quintessential Questionnaire!</b></a><BR>
<!--LINK1-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="http://TFAlternative.tennmetroplex.com/alternahome.html">Click here to go to the Master Site of <FONT FACE="TRANSFORMERS, BRAGGADOCIO">TRANSFORMERS </FONT><FONT FACE="MASTERFORCE, BOOKMAN OLD STYLE">Alternative</font></a><BR>
<!--LINK2-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="tf-alt_intro.html">Click here to read the introduction page of <FONT FACE="TRANSFORMERS, BRAGGADOCIO">TRANSFORMERS </FONT><FONT FACE="MASTERFORCE, BOOKMAN OLD STYLE">Alternative</font></a><BR>
<!--LINK3-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="alterna4.html">Click here to read the 4<sup>th</sup> issue of <FONT FACE="TRANSFORMERS, BRAGGADOCIO">TRANSFORMERS </FONT><FONT FACE="MASTERFORCE, BOOKMAN OLD STYLE">Alternative</font></a><BR>
<!--LINK4-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="http://www.bluemoon.net/railpix/text/ttxmarks.txt">A railroad link to help understand those (mostly yellow) Trailer-Train or TTX Corp. flatcars.</a><BR>
<!--LINK5-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="http://www.lugnet.com/links/">Everything LEGO:</a> A wonderful page with hundreds of links about LEGO and where to buy certain items, pieces, or sets.<BR>
<!--LINK6-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="http://www.bigbot.com">BIGBOT.COM:</a> A wonderful page with THOUSANDS of links to Transformers-related pages.<BR>
<!--LINK7-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/yellowball.gif"> <A HREF="http://members.tripod.com/~Apparition/index.html">Iacon's Brasília District. A cool site whose <i>outside</i> is based on a neighborhood in the Autobot capital.</a><br>
<!--LINK8-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/whiteball.gif"> <A HREF="Memphis.html">My little corner of the world (Memphis, TN). I hope this link works...</a><BR>
<!--LINK9-->
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com//pictures/blueball.gif"> <A HREF="http://66.90.75.92/suprnova//torrents/3042/Blood%20Syndicate.torrent">(Hopefully) A .torrent link for Milestone Comics classic, Blood Syndicate.</a><BR>
<!--Free map from Vicinity-->
<center><b>Houston, Texas</b> -- a great example of a powerful city.</center>
<TABLE BORDER=5><TH>
<A HREF="http://www.mapblast.com/mapblast/blast.hm?CMD=LFILL&CT=29.750397:-95.357522:100000&IC=29.788493:-95.363007:680:Downtown+Houston&W=650&H=650"><img src="houston.gif" width=650 height=650 border=0></A>
</CENTER>
</TH></TABLE>
<center>To find a better view of the whole town, (2 mi.) click on the map to browse</center>
<!--End of Vicinity Map-->
<center>There have been <IMG SRC=http://visit.geocities.com/counter.gif ALT="Counter"><IMG SRC="/cgi-bin/counter/savannius"> humans and Autobot Citizens (Citoyens) to enter the Metroplex Tourism Bureau since June 24, 1997
(mardi le 24 juin 1997).<P>
<font face="Eras Light ITC">
<b><blink><font color="orangered">EXTRA!!</FONT></BLINK></b> In slightly over <b>3 years</b>, The Metroplex is now over 2,606,600 visitors strong. This includes 2.6 Million visits by Lycos's search spider and about 400 maintenance visits by myself. Even still, this accounts for over 6,200 <i>real</i> tourists. Keep enjoying this page for it will always be under construction, always building. One of these days, I'll have a battle station mode up and running. Salutations from the best lightweight Transformers resource available.</font>
<!--MAIL-->
<p>
<img src="tennessc.gif">© 1997-2009 <A HREF=mailto:[email protected]><I>[email protected]</I></A><FONT COLOR="#1FCAFF"> ... </FONT>
<A HREF="http://www.people.memphis.edu/~Jejackso/">Home (or Bengalium)</a><IMG SRC="https://umdrive.memphis.edu/jejackso/public/Megaman-Anim.gif"><br>
R.I.P. GeoCities 199?-2009<p></center>
<IMG SRC="http://www.geocities.com//pictures/icons/lines/blue_marble_thin.gif">
<p>
<a HREF="http://www.geocities.com/Area51" target=_top><img src="http://www.geocities.com/pictures/Area51/Corridor/icons/Area51Corridor.gif" border=0></a>
<A HREF=http://www.geocities.com/cgi-bin/homestead/hood?Area51/Corridor9700><img src="corridor.gif" border=0></a> To go to my Geocities "street" or visit my "neighbors", click on one of the icons.<P>
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The Tennessean METROPLEX
 
[](http://transformers.fanfly.net/?L3081)
# The Tennessean Metroplex
##### More... much more than meets the eye!
Bonjour, mes amis, les citoyens de la planète Earth... et les Autobots aussi.
(Greetings, my friends, the citizens of the planet Earth... and the Autobots as well.)
I decided to give name this page what I did because of Hot Rod's quote to Daniel in Transformers The Movie: "You can see everything from Lookout Mountain." In case you didn't know, Lookout Mtn. is in my home state of Tennessee, thus suggesting that Autobot City and its primary neighborhood, Metroplex, sit upside Lookout Mountain on the Tennessee-(American) Georgia border. (I have a friend who is from former Soviet Georgia.)
Anyway, thanks for visiting the only city-state I may ever build.
 [To find out more about Autobot City, click here.](Autoplex.html)
 [A little about **me** (The City's founder)](descriv.html)
 [The Residents' (Autobot) Page](autobot.html)
 [The Decepticon Page](decepticon.html)
This is the first anniversary of the September 11th tragedy. We need to find out who our allies and enemies are! America will not fall to acts of cowardice by unknown assailants. **NEVER** forget what happened. UNITED WE STAND.
[](http://messenger.yahoo.com/edit/send/?.target=Savannius)
-- UNDER CONSTRUCTION --
To tide you over until I'm done, here is an image of my favorite "weather girl" and black superheroine, STORM!
 Links to other sites on the Web
 [Check out our new **Quintessential Questionnaire!**](questionnaire.html)
 [Click here to go to the Master Site of TRANSFORMERS Alternative](http://TFAlternative.tennmetroplex.com/alternahome.html)
 [Click here to read the introduction page of TRANSFORMERS Alternative](tf-alt_intro.html)
 [Click here to read the 4th issue of TRANSFORMERS Alternative](alterna4.html)
 [A railroad link to help understand those (mostly yellow) Trailer-Train or TTX Corp. flatcars.](http://www.bluemoon.net/railpix/text/ttxmarks.txt)
 [Everything LEGO:](http://www.lugnet.com/links/) A wonderful page with hundreds of links about LEGO and where to buy certain items, pieces, or sets.
 [BIGBOT.COM:](http://www.bigbot.com) A wonderful page with THOUSANDS of links to Transformers-related pages.
 [Iacon's Brasília District. A cool site whose *outside* is based on a neighborhood in the Autobot capital.](http://members.tripod.com/~Apparition/index.html)
 [My little corner of the world (Memphis, TN). I hope this link works...](Memphis.html)
 [(Hopefully) A .torrent link for Milestone Comics classic, Blood Syndicate.](http://66.90.75.92/suprnova//torrents/3042/Blood%20Syndicate.torrent)
**Houston, Texas** -- a great example of a powerful city.
|
To find a better view of the whole town, (2 mi.) click on the map to browse
There have been  humans and Autobot Citizens (Citoyens) to enter the Metroplex Tourism Bureau since June 24, 1997
(mardi le 24 juin 1997).
**EXTRA!!** In slightly over **3 years**, The Metroplex is now over 2,606,600 visitors strong. This includes 2.6 Million visits by Lycos's search spider and about 400 maintenance visits by myself. Even still, this accounts for over 6,200 *real* tourists. Keep enjoying this page for it will always be under construction, always building. One of these days, I'll have a battle station mode up and running. Salutations from the best lightweight Transformers resource available.
© 1997-2009 [*[email protected]*](mailto:[email protected]) ...
[Home (or Bengalium)](http://www.people.memphis.edu/~Jejackso/)
R.I.P. GeoCities 199?-2009
[](http://www.geocities.com/Area51)
[](http://www.geocities.com/cgi-bin/homestead/hood?Area51/Corridor9700) To go to my Geocities "street" or visit my "neighbors", click on one of the icons.
---
**This page hosted by [](http://www.geocities.com/)
Get your own [Free Home Page](http://www.geocities.com/)**
| http://www.tennmetroplex.com/ |
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<p align="left"><u><font size="6" color="#CC0000">Daily
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<p><b><font face="Georgia">Click on the date and title below to read the
article.</font><font face="Tahoma" color="#CC0000"> </font></b></p>
<p><b><font face="Tahoma" color="#CC0000" size="1"> <u>SEPTEMBER</u></font></b></p>
<p><b><font face="Tahoma" color="#CC0000" size="1"> </font></b>
<font size="1">
<span style="font-weight: 700; font-family: Arial">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030909substanceabuseandchildwelfare.htm">September 9, 2003 -
Substance Abuse and Child Welfare</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
</span><span style="font-weight: 700; font-family: Arial">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030909fightonterrorism.htm">September 9, 2003 - Fight on Terrorism</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
</span><span style="font-weight: 700; font-family: Arial">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030910dchboardmeeting.htm">September 10, 2003 - DCH Board Meeting</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030914georgiasmentalhealthsystem.htm">September 14, 2003 - Georgia's
Mental Health System</a></span></font></p>
<p><b><font face="Arial" size="1" color="#CC0000"> </font></b>
<font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030915levelsofcarepostponed.htm">September 15, 2003 - Levels of Care
Postponed</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030916commissionerjimmartinresigns.htm">September 16, 2003 -
Commissioner Jim Martin Resigns</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030917newboardappointed.htm"> September 17, 2003 - New Board
Appointed</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030918dfcsdirectorresigns.htm">September 18, 2003 - DFCS Director
Resigns</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030922childadvocatereappointed.htm">September 19, 2003 - Child
Advocate Reappointed</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/200309212003weshootourwounded.htm">September 21, 2003 - We Shoot Our
Wounded</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"> <span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/200309232003thedchcomputer.htm">September 23, 2003- The DCH Computer</a></span></font></p>
<p><font size="1"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030924helpwanted.htm">September 24, 2003- Help Wanted</a></span></font></p>
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</span></font><span class="EmailStyle22"><b>
<font face="Arial" color="black" size="1">
<span style="font-weight: bold; font-family: Arial">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030928hagueintercountryadoptionregulationsreleased.htm">September 28,
2003- Hague Intercountry Adoption Regulations Released</a></span></font></b></span></p>
<p><span class="EmailStyle22"><font size="1">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030929awardnominations.htm">September 29, 2003- Award Nominations</a></span></font></span></p>
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<span style="font-family: Arial; font-weight: 700">
<a href="../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030930pssffundingadvocacy.htm">September 30, 2003- PSSF Funding
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<p><font color="#CC0000" size="1"><!--[if gte vml 1]><v:rect id="_x0000_s1028"
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<p><font face="Tahoma">last updated
<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" S-Type="REGENERATED" S-Format="%m/%d/%Y %I:%M %p" startspan -->05/05/2013 03:19 AM<!--webbot bot="Timestamp" i-checksum="26659" endspan --></font></p>
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September 2003
Daily
Welfare Watch Archive List
**Click on the date and title below to read the
article.**
**SEPTEMBER**
[September 9, 2003 -
Substance Abuse and Child Welfare](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030909substanceabuseandchildwelfare.htm)
[September 9, 2003 - Fight on Terrorism](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030909fightonterrorism.htm)
[September 10, 2003 - DCH Board Meeting](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030910dchboardmeeting.htm)
[September 14, 2003 - Georgia's
Mental Health System](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030914georgiasmentalhealthsystem.htm)
[September 15, 2003 - Levels of Care
Postponed](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030915levelsofcarepostponed.htm)
[September 16, 2003 -
Commissioner Jim Martin Resigns](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030916commissionerjimmartinresigns.htm)
[September 17, 2003 - New Board
Appointed](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030917newboardappointed.htm)
[September 18, 2003 - DFCS Director
Resigns](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030918dfcsdirectorresigns.htm)
[September 19, 2003 - Child
Advocate Reappointed](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030922childadvocatereappointed.htm)
[September 21, 2003 - We Shoot Our
Wounded](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/200309212003weshootourwounded.htm)
[September 23, 2003- The DCH Computer](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/200309232003thedchcomputer.htm)
[September 24, 2003- Help Wanted](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030924helpwanted.htm)
**[September 28,
2003- Hague Intercountry Adoption Regulations Released](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030928hagueintercountryadoptionregulationsreleased.htm)**
[September 29, 2003- Award Nominations](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030929awardnominations.htm)
[September 30, 2003- PSSF Funding
Advocacy](../../x_copyofproviderwatchandwelfarewatch_dailywelfarewatcharchive/2003/September/20030930pssffundingadvocacy.htm)
if !vmlendif
last updated
05/05/2013 03:19 AM
| http://www.gahsc.org/x_welfare%20watch_archived20121231/2003/archive%202003%20september.htm |
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SHINOZUKA, JUN
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Ph.D.
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Associate Professor, <BR>
Department of Mechanical Engineering <BR>
Yokohama National University, Japan
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Last update March 18 2023
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Academic Background
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Associate Professor
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Yokohama National University, Japan
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2008-
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Lecturer
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Ibaraki University, Japan
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2005-2008
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Assistant Professor
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Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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1996-2005
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Ph.D,
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Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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1998
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M.E,
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Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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1993
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B.E,
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Tokyo Institute of Technology, Japan
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1991
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Get a step ahead toward your dream
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Fire walk with me
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<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="red-ball.gif" ALT="rball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#TCTEMPERATURE" title="TCtemperature">
Measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="red-ball.gif" ALT="rball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#GROOVING" title="grooving">
A novel Ultrasonic Machining for Micro Grooving by means of a "Sandwich Tool"
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="red-ball.gif" ALT="rball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#TESTER" title="tester">
Development of Ultra High-Speed Cutting Tester
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#STRESSWAVE" title="stresswave">
Propagation of Elastic Stress Waves
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#PLASTICSTRESS" title="plasticstress">
Propagation of Elastic Plastic Stress Waves
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#SPALLING" title="spalling">
Interference of Stress Waves (Spalling)
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
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<TD>
<A HREF="#IMPACT" title="impact">
Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem
</A>
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<TD> </TD>
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<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
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<TD>
<A HREF="#IMPACTAPPENDIX" title="impactsppendix">
Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem: Appendix
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="blue-ball.gif" ALT="bball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#UNSTEADY" title="unsteady">
Unsteady State Metal Cutting Processes
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
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<TD> </TD>
<TD VALIGN="top">
<IMG SRC="blue-ball.gif" ALT="bball">
</TD>
<TD>
<A HREF="#ULTRACUTTING" title="ultracutting">
Ultra High-Speed Cutting Processes
</A>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD> </TD>
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<A HREF="#FEM" title="fem">
Static Metal Cutting Mechanics
</A>
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Stirling and Steam Engine
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References
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Home Page of Dr. Shinozuka, Jun's Laboratory
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Research interests are the clarification of cutting phenomena and the creation of next generation machining system.
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EXPERIMENTS CONCERNING MACHINING
</P>
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<DIV class="center" id="TCTEMPERATURE">
<IMG SRC="TCtemperature/MCTC-s.png" ALT="MCTCtool">
<BR>
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<A class="Large" HREF="TCtemperature/tctemperature.html" TITLE="page1">
Measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows the measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface
with minute thermocouples fabricated on the tool face.
In addition to the introduction of the previous works I done,
the latest work, which seven pairs of micro Cu/Ni thermocouples are set on the rake face near the cutting edge, is introduced.
</P>
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<IMG SRC="MicroGrooving/microgroove-s.png" ALT="Sandwich tool">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="MicroGrooving/microgrooving.html" TITLE="page2">
A novel Ultrasonic Machining for Micro Grooving by means of a "Sandwich Tool"
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
A sandwich tool that hard materials and soft materials are laminated has been proposed
for fabricating micro grooves by ultrasonic machining.
By employing this method, we can fabricate an intelligent tool with built-in micro sensors.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center" id="TESTER">
<IMG SRC="Tester/tester-s.png" ALT="Ultra high-speed cutting tester">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Tester/tester.html" TITLE="page3">
Development of Ultra High-Speed Cutting Tester
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
High-speed and ultra high-speed cutting tester have been developed to investigate
cutting phenomena.
The testers are airgun type; cutting tool or workpiece is accelerated by compressed air.
Cutting speed 150 m/s can be achieved in atomosphere condition so far.
The tester have been improved to achieve much faster cutting speed.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<HR>
<DIV class="center">
<P class="LargeBlackFont">
DYNAMIC FEM SIMULATION
</P>
<P>
Two dimensional Impact and orthogonal cutting processes
in unsteady state and ultra high-speed cutting
</P>
</DIV>
<HR>
<DIV class="center" id="STRESSWAVE">
<IMG SRC="StressWave/stress_s.jpg" ALT="Propagation of Elastic Stress Waves">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="StressWave/stresswave.html" TITLE="page4">
Propagation of Elastic Stress Wave
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of propagation of an
elastic stress wave by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center" id="PLASTICSTRESS">
<IMG SRC="PlasticStress/plasticstress_s.jpg" ALT="Propagation of Plastic Stress Waves">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="PlasticStress/plasticstress.html" TITLE="page5">
Propagation of Elastic Plastic Stress Waves
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of propagation of
elastic plastic stress waves by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center" id="SPALLING">
<IMG SRC="Spalling/sigx-s.jpg" ALT="Interference of Stress Waves ( Spalling )">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Spalling/spalling.html" TITLE="page6">
Interference of Stress Waves (Spalling)
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of spalling phenomenon
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<DIV class="center" id="IMPACT">
<IMG SRC="Impact/dyn-s.jpg" ALT="Impact problem">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Impact/dyna.html" TITLE="page7">
Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of ultra high-speed impact
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center" id="IMPACTAPPENDIX">
<IMG SRC="ImpactAppendix/appendix_s.jpg" ALT="Impact problem:Appendix">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="ImpactAppendix/appendix.html" TITLE="page8">
Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem : Appendix
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations
of various type of ultra high-speed impact
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<DIV class="center" id="UNSTEADY">
<IMG SRC="Unsteady/unsteadycut_small.gif" ALT="unsteady state cutting">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Unsteady/unsteadycut.html" TITLE="page9">
Unsteady State Metal Cutting Processes
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations for metal cutting processes in unsteady state
by using dynamic FEM cutting simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<DIV class="center" id="ULTRACUTTING">
<IMG SRC="Ultracutting/ultrahighspeed_small.gif" ALT="Ultra High-speed cutting">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Ultracutting/ultracutting.html" TITLE="page10">
Ultra High-Speed Cutting Processes
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations
for metal cutting processes in ultra high-speed cutting
by using dynamic FEM cutting simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<HR>
<DIV class="center" id="FEM">
<P class="LargeBlackFont">
STATIC METAL CUTTING MECHANICS
</P>
<P>
Orthogonal metal cutting FEM simulation,
Chip Breaking process FEM simulation
</P>
<HR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF ="FEM/fem.html">
Formulation of Finite Element Method
</A>
<BR>
<P class="MediumLargeFont">
Examples of Finite Element Method Simulations <BR>
( You can see Animation GIF files )
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
The programing language of FEM was Fortran 77, and
simulations were done using EWS (HP9000 model712 715).
Graphic program code as the result viewer are written with
Visual C#.NET.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center">
<IMG SRC="FEM/test_sam.gif" ALT="sample of FEM">
<IMG SRC="FEM/chip_sam.gif" ALT="sample of FEM">
</DIV>
<DIV class="center">
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="FEM/fem-1.html" TITLE="page11">
FEM Simulations of Steady State Cutting Processes
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
These results are obtained from
Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method with
Iterative Convergent Method.
From these results, we can know easily the cutting performances
such as cutting forces, chip shape, the distributions of
temperature and stresses on the rake face,
and also we can easily evaluate the quality of the machined
products.
The influences of these cutting performance upon the
cutting conditions, material conditions and
tool rake face geometry are predicted.
</P>
</DIV>
<DIV class="center">
<IMG SRC="FEM/b100_sam.gif" ALT="sample of FEM">
<IMG SRC="FEM/b250_sam.gif" ALT="sample of FEM">
<IMG SRC="FEM/b360_sam.gif" ALT="sample of FEM">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="FEM/fem-2.html" TITLE="page12">
FEM Simulations of Chip Breaking Processes
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
These results are obtained from
Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method.
From these results, we can know easily whether
chip breaks or not, in short, chip breakability.
In order to design high performance metal cutting
tool, we have to investigate the chip breakability.
But it may be impossible in actually to make a lot of
types of tool tips and to test them.
Numerical simulation such this FEM is
very usufull.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<HR>
<DIV class="center" id="ENGINE">
<IMG SRC="Engine/Engine-s.jpg" ALT="Stirling Engine">
<BR>
<IMG SRC="look.gif" ALT="Look at me">
<A class="Large" HREF="Engine/engine.html" TITLE="page13">
Stirling Engine and Steam Engine
</A>
</DIV>
<DIV class="left">
<P>
This engine is very very gentle to the earth environment.
There is no exhaust gas.
If temperature gradient can be made,
everything can be used for the energy source.
That is, the sun energy, terrestrial heat energy, and oceanic energy, etc.
can be used.
</P>
</DIV>
<BR>
<HR>
<DIV class="center">
<IMG SRC="green-ball.gif" ALT="gball">
<A HREF="#TOP">
Go to top
</A>
</DIV>
<HR>
<BR>
</BODY>
</HTML>
|
Dr. Shinozuka, Jun's Home Page (Yokohama National University,Japan)
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---
SHINOZUKA, JUN
Ph.D.
Jun Shinozuka |
Associate Professor,
Department of Mechanical Engineering
Yokohama National University, Japan
This page has opened to public since April 14 2008.
Last update March 18 2023
---
| | |
| --- | --- |
| jpflag
[Japanese](jshinozu_j.html) |
All Rights Reserved by Shinozuka, Jun.
Unauthorized duplication shall be a violation of applicable laws.
|
---
Get a step ahead toward your dream
Fire walk with me
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | rball | [Measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface](#TCTEMPERATURE "TCtemperature") |
| | rball | [A novel Ultrasonic Machining for Micro Grooving by means of a "Sandwich Tool"](#GROOVING "grooving") |
| | rball | [Development of Ultra High-Speed Cutting Tester](#TESTER "tester") |
| | gball | [Propagation of Elastic Stress Waves](#STRESSWAVE "stresswave") |
| | gball | [Propagation of Elastic Plastic Stress Waves](#PLASTICSTRESS "plasticstress") |
| | gball | [Interference of Stress Waves (Spalling)](#SPALLING "spalling") |
| | gball | [Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem](#IMPACT "impact") |
| | gball | [Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem: Appendix](#IMPACTAPPENDIX "impactsppendix") |
| | bball | [Unsteady State Metal Cutting Processes](#UNSTEADY "unsteady") |
| | bball | [Ultra High-Speed Cutting Processes](#ULTRACUTTING "ultracutting") |
| | bball | [Static Metal Cutting Mechanics](#FEM "fem") |
| | bball | [Stirling and Steam Engine](#ENGINE "engine") |
| update | bball | [References](english_ref.html) |
| | yball |
[Milling the MOVIE 2004](Movie/Milling/milling_e.html)
|
| | yball |
[Turning the MOVIE 2008](Movie/Turning/turning_e.html)
|
| | yball |
[Stirling Engine the MOVIE 1996-1997](Movie/Engine/enginemovie_e.html)
|
| | rball | [Home Page of Dr. Shinozuka, Jun's Laboratory](../index.html) |
---
[](http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/check/referer)
Research interests are the clarification of cutting phenomena and the creation of next generation machining system.
---
EXPERIMENTS CONCERNING MACHINING
---
[Measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface](TCtemperature/tctemperature.html "page1")
This page shows the measurement of the temperature distribution at the tool-chip interface
with minute thermocouples fabricated on the tool face.
In addition to the introduction of the previous works I done,
the latest work, which seven pairs of micro Cu/Ni thermocouples are set on the rake face near the cutting edge, is introduced.
[A novel Ultrasonic Machining for Micro Grooving by means of a "Sandwich Tool"](MicroGrooving/microgrooving.html "page2")
A sandwich tool that hard materials and soft materials are laminated has been proposed
for fabricating micro grooves by ultrasonic machining.
By employing this method, we can fabricate an intelligent tool with built-in micro sensors.
[Development of Ultra High-Speed Cutting Tester](Tester/tester.html "page3")
High-speed and ultra high-speed cutting tester have been developed to investigate
cutting phenomena.
The testers are airgun type; cutting tool or workpiece is accelerated by compressed air.
Cutting speed 150 m/s can be achieved in atomosphere condition so far.
The tester have been improved to achieve much faster cutting speed.
---
DYNAMIC FEM SIMULATION
Two dimensional Impact and orthogonal cutting processes
in unsteady state and ultra high-speed cutting
---
[Propagation of Elastic Stress Wave](StressWave/stresswave.html "page4")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of propagation of an
elastic stress wave by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Propagation of Elastic Plastic Stress Waves](PlasticStress/plasticstress.html "page5")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of propagation of
elastic plastic stress waves by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Interference of Stress Waves (Spalling)](Spalling/spalling.html "page6")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of spalling phenomenon
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem](Impact/dyna.html "page7")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations of ultra high-speed impact
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Ultra High-Speed Impact Problem : Appendix](ImpactAppendix/appendix.html "page8")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations
of various type of ultra high-speed impact
by using FEM simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Unsteady State Metal Cutting Processes](Unsteady/unsteadycut.html "page9")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations for metal cutting processes in unsteady state
by using dynamic FEM cutting simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
[Ultra High-Speed Cutting Processes](Ultracutting/ultracutting.html "page10")
This page shows FEM(finite element method) simulations
for metal cutting processes in ultra high-speed cutting
by using dynamic FEM cutting simulator that I have developed.
The FE analysis is based on a dynamic and thermo elastic plastic
finite element method.
The programing language of the core of FEA is Fortran and
that of a drawing software of the results is Microsoft Visual C#.NET.
I have also developed the drawing software.
---
STATIC METAL CUTTING MECHANICS
Orthogonal metal cutting FEM simulation,
Chip Breaking process FEM simulation
---
[Formulation of Finite Element Method](FEM/fem.html)
Examples of Finite Element Method Simulations
( You can see Animation GIF files )
The programing language of FEM was Fortran 77, and
simulations were done using EWS (HP9000 model712 715).
Graphic program code as the result viewer are written with
Visual C#.NET.
[FEM Simulations of Steady State Cutting Processes](FEM/fem-1.html "page11")
These results are obtained from
Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method with
Iterative Convergent Method.
From these results, we can know easily the cutting performances
such as cutting forces, chip shape, the distributions of
temperature and stresses on the rake face,
and also we can easily evaluate the quality of the machined
products.
The influences of these cutting performance upon the
cutting conditions, material conditions and
tool rake face geometry are predicted.
[FEM Simulations of Chip Breaking Processes](FEM/fem-2.html "page12")
These results are obtained from
Thermo-Elastic-Plastic Finite Element Method.
From these results, we can know easily whether
chip breaks or not, in short, chip breakability.
In order to design high performance metal cutting
tool, we have to investigate the chip breakability.
But it may be impossible in actually to make a lot of
types of tool tips and to test them.
Numerical simulation such this FEM is
very usufull.
---
[Stirling Engine and Steam Engine](Engine/engine.html "page13")
This engine is very very gentle to the earth environment.
There is no exhaust gas.
If temperature gradient can be made,
everything can be used for the energy source.
That is, the sun energy, terrestrial heat energy, and oceanic energy, etc.
can be used.
---
[Go to top](#TOP)
---
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<br />© JC Mitchell
<br /><a href="mailto:jcm@coffeebeer.co.uk"><img src="graphics/jcemail1.gif" alt="jc email" width=129 height=18 border=0></a>
<br /> Last modified 24 December 2023
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  [](doubleshot/index.htm)
[Double Shot Buzz:
A Coffee Page](doubleshot/index.htm)
[
The
Marmite Papers](marmite/index.html) [
Wee Drams](weedrams.html) [](pintpleasures/index.htm)
[Pint Pleasures:
A Beer Page](pintpleasures/index.htm)
[
Warts and All](warts/index.html) [
Creative Walks](creativewalks.html) [
The
Cheeseburger
Letters](burgers.html) [
Expat in the
Land of Marmite](http://jcmglobal.blogspot.com/) [
JC's
Animated Friends](animation.html)
[
The Story Behind
Little Eater](littleeater/index.html) [
Check Out
JC's Ebooks!](https://www.smashwords.com/books/search?query=jc+mitchell)
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© JC Mitchell
[](mailto:[email protected])
Last modified 24 December 2023
[](resume.html)
[About JC...](resume.html)  | https://www.coffeebeer.co.uk/ |
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<br><strong><b><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#FFFFFF" size="3">In appreciation of the most under-appreciated member of Mysteries Inc,</font></b> </strong>
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<td width="198" align="center"><b><font face="Comic Sans MS">For a <font color="#FFFF00">quick view</font><br>of what's new, <br>
Click on the Pic !</font></b></font><p><font face="Comic Sans MS" color="#00FF00">(a good place to start)</font></p>
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<p align="center"><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rp907USUxQg" target="_blank"><img border="0" src="missing-s.jpg" width="165" height="87"></a><br>
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<table border="0" width="1100">
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<td width="100%"><b><a href="evolution.html"><font color="#00FFFF">The
Evolution of Velma</font></a><font color="#FFFF00"> </font><font color="#FF0000"><i>NEW!</i></font></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%"><b><a href="Chat/index.html"><font color="#FFFF00">Velma Chat</font></a></b></td>
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<td width="100%"><a href="aut.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">About the Author
and some Site History</font></strong></a>
</td>
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<td width="100%"><a href="interv.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">What the rest of the gang thought!</font></strong></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%"><b><a href="fan_art4.html"><font color="#00FFFF">Fan
Artwork</font></a></b>
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<td width="100%"><a href="casting.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">The Casting (See what the cast really looked like!)</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="nicole.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">A Follow up on the search for Nicole Jaffe</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="glasses.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">A Girl and her Glasses</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="lgrev.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">Review
of the Live Action Movie!</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="game.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">Meet The Gang (Bio's)</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="bloopers.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">Backstage at HB</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="v_faces.html" target="_blank"><b><font color="#00FFFF">The
Many Faces of Velma</font></b></a></td>
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<td width="100%"><a href="bravo.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">The "Bravo" Files</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="velma.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">An Interview with Velma Dinkley</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="malt.html" target="_blank"><b><font color="#FFFF00">What
is Malt?</font></b></a></td>
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<td width="100%"><b><a href="wnsd.html"><font color="#00FFFF">What's
New Scooby Doo Show!</font></a> </b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%"><b><a href="saf.html" target="_blank"><font color="#FFFF00">Pics
from the Safari Show</font></a> </b></td>
</tr>
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<td width="100%"><a href="hub1.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF"> Fan Fiction! Stories from other writers!</font></strong></a></td>
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<td width="100%"><a href="movie.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">Movie Reviews!</font></strong></a></td>
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<td width="100%"><a href="mary.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">A tribute to Mary Kay Bergman</font></strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><a href="60s.html"><strong><font color="#FFFF00">Some Words About the 60's</font> </strong></a>
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<td width="100%"><b><a href="fanfic/ffc.html" target="_blank"><font color="#00FFFF">Fan Fiction
Contests</font></a></b></td>
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Art Contests</font></a></b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%"><strong><a href="mpics.html" target="_blank"><font color="#00FFFF">Pics
from the Movie!</font></a></strong>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="100%"><b><a href="cathy1.html"><font size="2" color="#FFFF00">Mlle.
Dinkley, our Velma look-alike </font></a></b>
</td>
</tr>
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<td width="100%"><a href="rumors.html"><strong><font color="#00FFFF">The Rumors Page</font></strong></a>
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<td width="50%" height="20"></td>
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<td width="50%" align="center"><a href="hub1a.html"><font color="#00FF00" face="Arial" size="4"><b>Stories
by other Authors</b></font></a></td>
<td width="50%" align="center"><a href="hub1b.html"><font color="#00FF00" face="Arial" size="4"><b>On-line
Novels</b></font></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p> </p>
<p align="center"><b>Click below for a complete list!</b></p>
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|
This site is dedicated to Velma Dinkley & Scooby Doo !
***Scooby Doo & Velma Too!***
****In appreciation of the most under-appreciated member of Mysteries Inc,****
***Velma Dinkley!***
| |
| --- |
| |
| Velmadinkley.com |
| |
| --- |
|
|
|
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Did you see that? ....](wn.html) | **For a quick viewof what's new,
Click on the Pic !**(a good place to start) |
[The
Search for John Likeglass](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rp907USUxQg) |
[Click to Enter !](hub.html)
**Click above to enter
*The Hub* This is our main site index.
From there you can explore a whole world of Scooby!**
|
|
| |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
| |
| --- |
| **[The
Evolution of Velma](evolution.html) *NEW!*** |
| **[Velma Chat](Chat/index.html)** |
| [**About the Author
and some Site History**](aut.html) |
| [**What the rest of the gang thought!**](interv.html) |
| **[Fan
Artwork](fan_art4.html)** |
| [**The Casting (See what the cast really looked like!)**](casting.html) |
| [**A Follow up on the search for Nicole Jaffe**](nicole.html) |
| [**A Girl and her Glasses**](glasses.html) |
| [**Review
of the Live Action Movie!**](lgrev.html) |
| [**Meet The Gang (Bio's)**](game.html) |
| [**Production Questions**](prod.html) |
| [**Backstage at HB**](bloopers.html) |
| [**The
Many Faces of Velma**](v_faces.html) |
| [**The "Bravo" Files**](bravo.html) |
| [**An Interview with Velma Dinkley**](velma.html) |
| [**What
is Malt?**](malt.html) |
| **[What's
New Scooby Doo Show!](wnsd.html)** |
| **[Pics
from the Safari Show](saf.html)** |
| [**Fan Fiction! Stories from other writers!**](hub1.html) |
| [**Movie Reviews!**](movie.html) |
| [**A tribute to Mary Kay Bergman**](mary.html) |
| [**Some Words About the 60's**](60s.html) |
| **[Fan Fiction
Contests](fanfic/ffc.html)** |
| **[Fan
Art Contests](fan_art/mac.html)** |
| **[Pics
from the Movie!](mpics.html)** |
| **[Mlle.
Dinkley, our Velma look-alike](cathy1.html)** |
| [**The Rumors Page**](rumors.html) |
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | |
| [**Stories
by other Authors**](hub1a.html) | [**On-line
Novels**](hub1b.html) |
**Click below for a complete list!**
[](fn.html)
**[Legal
Disclaimer](legal.html)** (please read)
| |
| --- |
| |
| http://www.velmadinkley.com/ |
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style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>This site provides an
up-to-date listing of all surviving Australian steam locomotives, including
their location and status. Over 600 locomotives are detailed, indexed by
their state of origin and first user.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><!--[if gte vml 1]><o:wrapblock><v:shapetype
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<td style='mso-cell-special:placeholder;border:none;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'
width=3><p class='MsoNormal'> </td>
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<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes;height:33.0pt'>
<td width=721 colspan=4 valign=top style='width:540.75pt;padding:.75pt .75pt .75pt .75pt;
height:33.0pt'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:12.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><a name=bottom></a><span style='font-size:
10.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Australia's railways featured a
diversity of steam locomotives due to the range of rail gauges and locomotive
designs adopted by the various State Government Railways, together with a
broad range of industrial users.</span></p>
<p align=center style='margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:9.0pt;
margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:10.0pt;font-family:
"Arial",sans-serif'>Today this diversity is reflected in the rich heritage of
steam locomotives preserved in Australia.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align=center style='margin-top:6.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:9.0pt;
margin-left:0cm;text-align:center;word-spacing:0in'><b><span style='font-size:
8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:red'>Latest update: 11 June 2023</span></b><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;color:red'> Updated
pages for <a href="C16%20106.htm" target="_top">C16 106</a> and <a
href="peckett1069.htm" target="_top">Peckett 1069</a> to reflect their return
to steam.</span><span style='font-size:8.0pt;color:red'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p align=center style='margin-bottom:0cm;text-align:center'><a
href="http://info.flagcounter.com/0Aay"><span style='mso-no-proof:yes;
text-decoration:none;text-underline:none'><img border=0 width=200 height=76
id="_x0000_i1025"
src="http://s06.flagcounter.com/count/0Aay/bg_FFFFFF/txt_000000/border_CCCCCC/columns_2/maxflags_12/viewers_0/labels_0/pageviews_0/flags_0/"
alt="Flag Counter"></span></a></p>
<p align=center style='margin-top:4.5pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:12.0pt;
margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><i><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:
"Arial",sans-serif'>Counter added 12 June 2014</span></i><o:p></o:p></p>
<div align=center>
<table class=MsoNormalTable border=0 cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0 width=637
style='width:477.75pt;border-collapse:collapse;mso-yfti-tbllook:1184;
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<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:0;mso-yfti-firstrow:yes'>
<td width=219 style='width:164.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=right style='margin:0cm;text-align:right'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Government Railways:</span></p>
</td>
<td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="nswgrframe.htm" target="_top">NSWGR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=61 style='width:45.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="qgrframe.htm" target="_top">QGR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=64 style='width:48.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="crframe.htm" target="_top">CR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=62 style='width:46.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="wagrframe.htm" target="_top">WAGR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=73 style='width:54.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="vgrframe.htm" target="_top">VR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=63 style='width:47.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="tgrframe.htm" target="_top">TGR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=54 style='width:40.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="sarframe.htm" target="_top">SAR</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=45 style='width:33.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'> </p>
</td>
<td width=87 style='width:65.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'> <o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width=95 style='width:71.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td>
</tr>
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:1'>
<td width=219 style='width:164.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=right style='margin:0cm;text-align:right'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'>Private & Industrial Railways:</span></p>
</td>
<td width=69 style='width:51.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="nswindframe.htm" target="_top">NSW</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=61 style='width:45.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="qldprivateframe.htm"
target="_top">QLD</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=64 style='width:48.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="sugarframe.htm" target="_top">Sugar</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=62 style='width:46.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="waprivateframe.htm"
target="_top">WA</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=73 style='width:54.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="vicprivateframe.htm"
target="_top">Vic</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=63 style='width:47.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="tasprivateframe.htm"
target="_top">Tas</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=54 style='width:40.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:
7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif'><a href="saprivateframe.htm"
target="_top">SA</a></span></p>
</td>
<td width=45 style='width:33.75pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin:0cm;text-align:center'> </p>
</td>
<td width=87 style='width:65.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:"Arial",sans-serif;mso-fareast-font-family:
"Times New Roman"'><a href="copyright.htm" target="_top">Copyright</a></span><span
style='mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"'><o:p></o:p></span></p>
</td>
<td width=95 style='width:71.25pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'></td>
</tr>
<tr style='mso-yfti-irow:2;mso-yfti-lastrow:yes'>
<td width=848 colspan=11 style='width:636.0pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm'>
<p align=center style='margin-top:9.0pt;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;
margin-left:0cm;text-align:center'><span style='font-size:7.5pt;font-family:
"Arial",sans-serif'>Contributions of <a href="updates.htm" target="_top">news
& photos</a> are welcome.</span></p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p class=MsoNormal align=center style='text-align:center'><span
style='font-size:8.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman";color:windowtext'><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
Australian Steam - Preserved Steam Locomotives Down Under
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| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| | **Australian Steam -**
***Preserved
Steam Locomotives***
***Down Under*** |
| |
| if !vmlendifif !vmlendifif !vmlendifif !vmlendifif !vmlendifif !vmlendifif !vmlendifThis site provides an
up-to-date listing of all surviving Australian steam locomotives, including
their location and status. Over 600 locomotives are detailed, indexed by
their state of origin and first user.
if !vmlendif
| |
| Australia's railways featured a
diversity of steam locomotives due to the range of rail gauges and locomotive
designs adopted by the various State Government Railways, together with a
broad range of industrial users.
Today this diversity is reflected in the rich heritage of
steam locomotives preserved in Australia. |
**Latest update: 11 June 2023** Updated
pages for [C16 106](C16%20106.htm) and [Peckett 1069](peckett1069.htm) to reflect their return
to steam.
[](http://info.flagcounter.com/0Aay)
*Counter added 12 June 2014*
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| Government Railways: | [NSWGR](nswgrframe.htm) | [QGR](qgrframe.htm) | [CR](crframe.htm) | [WAGR](wagrframe.htm) | [VR](vgrframe.htm) | [TGR](tgrframe.htm) | [SAR](sarframe.htm) | | | |
| Private & Industrial Railways: | [NSW](nswindframe.htm) | [QLD](qldprivateframe.htm) | [Sugar](sugarframe.htm) | [WA](waprivateframe.htm) | [Vic](vicprivateframe.htm) | [Tas](tasprivateframe.htm) | [SA](saprivateframe.htm) | | [Copyright](copyright.htm) | |
| Contributions of [news
& photos](updates.htm) are welcome. |
| http://www.australiansteam.com/ |
<title>Seductions of Sim</title>
<Strong>Copyright 1994 by New Prospect, Inc.<P>
Readers may redistribute this article to other individuals for
noncommercial use, provided that the
text and this notice remain intact. This article may not be
resold, reprinted, or redistributed for
compensation of any kind without prior written permission from the
author. If you have any questions
about permissions, please contact <A
HREF="http://epn.org/prospect.html"><I>The American
Prospect</I></a>, P.O. Box
383080, Cambridge, MA 02238, or by phone at (617) 547-
2950.<P>
<I>Preferred Citation</I>: Paul Starr, "Seductions of Sim: Policy
as a
Simulation Game," <I>The American Prospect</I> no. 17 (Spring
1994): 19-29.</strong>
<HR>
<FONT SIZE="+3">S</FONT><FONT SIZE="+2">eductions </FONT>
<FONT SIZE="+3">O</FONT><FONT SIZE="+2">f </FONT>
<FONT SIZE="+3">S</FONT><FONT SIZE="+2">im </FONT><p>
<font size="+2">
Policy as a Simulation Game</font><p>
<p>
<font size="+2">P</font>aul
<font size="+2">S</font>tarr
<p>
<p>
<font size="+2">S</font>tanding
around the computer, my two older daughters, nine and eleven years
old,
scan the picture of the city we're creating and debate whether it
needs more
commercial or residential development. My six-year-old son suggests
we look at
the city budget. In just a few weeks he has learned enough to ask
the critical
question: "What's the cash flow?"<p>
This is SimCity, one of a series of computer simulations that turn
public policy
and ideas into popular entertainment. With the advent of
dramatically improved
graphics and powerful, low-cost multimedia computers, a new
generation of
"edutainment" software has finally begun to fulfill the long-touted
promise of
computers in education. Most of the new programs use interactive
multimedia to
make games out of traditional subjects such as arithmetic or
geography. In
MathBlasters, for example, children solve math problems in order to
fuel up a
rocket and find a villain in outer space. <p>
However, the Sim series, produced by California-based Maxis, goes
a step further:
it makes games out of simulations of complex natural and social
systems, based
on advanced and sometimes controversial areas of science and
decision making,
such as climatology and environmental science, genetics, and
sociobiology. Those
who think designing cities is prosaic can move on to simulating the
development
of planetary ecosystems (SimEarth) or the evolution of new life
forms (SimLife).
Other programs make games out of the management of railroads
(A-Train), and farms
(SimFarm), and even national health policy (SimHealth). These are
unlikely ever
to challenge Nintendo's SuperMario World in sales. Still, it isn't
only policy
wonks who are buying the games for themselves and their kids.
SimCity has sold
two million copies since its release in 1989 and has probably
introduced more
people to urban planning than any book ever has.<p>
When my family first began playing SimCity and others like it not
long ago, my
initial reaction was a mixture of excitement and skepticism. The
new simulations
are certainly a lot more fun than most textbooks. Rather than
present
information, they provide tools for inventing worlds, exploring
hypotheses, and
stretching imaginations. Several have a public viewpoint. In
SimCity--unlike
Monopoly--the player builds a community. One of the "scenarios" in
the latest
version of SimCity puts the player in Flint, Michigan in 1974 with
the task of
rebuilding the local job base and community. In SimEarth and
SimLife, the object
is to create sustainable environments and avoid extinctions. <p>
But I worried whether the games might not be too seductive. What
assumptions were
buried in the underlying models? What was their "hidden
curriculum"? Did a
conservative or a liberal determine the response to changes in tax
rates in
SimCity? While playing SimCity with my eleven-year-old daughter, I
railed against
what I thought was a built-in bias of the program against mixed-use
development.
"It's just the way the game works," she said a bit impatiently. <p>
My daughter's words seemed oddly familiar. A few months earlier
someone had said
virtually the same thing to me, but where? It suddenly flashed
back: the earlier
conversation had taken place while I was working at the White House
on the
development of the Clinton health plan. We were discussing the
simulation model
likely to be used by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to
"score" proposals
for health care reform. When I criticized one assumption, a
colleague said to me,
"Don't waste your breath," warning that it was hopeless to get CBO
to change.
Policy would have to adjust. <p>
There are, of course, important differences between computer
simulation games and
the simulations used to assess policy options. The games are
designed to be
entertaining; fidelity to empirical reality is not foremost. But
simplification
is inherent in any simulation. Even "real" simulations (if that is
not an
oxymoron) inevitably rely on imperfect models and simplifying
assumptions that
the media, the public, and even policy makers themselves generally
don't
understand. Both types of simulation are examples of what might be
called a
<i>crossover intellectual technology</i>, one that has only
recently moved from
academic and technical fields into popular and public use. The
crossover of
simulation holds out the promise of an enriched understanding of
the world,
particularly of complex systems. But there is a danger too:
forgetting that
simulations depend on the models on which they are built.<p>
The danger is particularly worrisome when simulations are used to
make
predictions and evaluate policies. And when policymakers depend on
simulations
to guide present choices--especially when legislators put
government on
"automatic pilot," binding policy to numerical indicators of
projected trends--
they cede power to those who define the models that generate the
forecasts. This
is happening in America today, most notably with the rise of the
CBO as a power
center in national policy. In a sense, Washington is already Sim
city. <p>
<p>
<p>
<hr>
<h3><i>Original Sim</h3></i><p>
<p>
Although it has taken three decades for them to come of age,
simulation games--
and SimCity in particular--are really children of the '60s. Indeed,
their
development follows a classic pattern of our time. In their
infancy, simulations
and related advances in computer technology were nurtured by
government grants
for both military and domestic policy purposes. In their maturity,
they are being
turned by private initiative and investment into a phenomenon of
popular culture.
<p>
To be sure, the genealogy of simulation can be traced back to a
varied history
preceding the 1960s. At least since their use by the Prussian army
in the
eighteenth century, simulations of combat have been a staple of
military
training. War games were, so to speak, the cradle of simulation. By
the
post-World War II era, engineers and corporate managers were using
simulations
to design and run power grids, telecommunications networks,
factories, and
businesses. Business simulations, which began primarily as training
exercises,
evolved into a routine management tool. And as researchers gained
access to
computers in the 1950s and '60s, simulations came into wide use for
scientific
purposes to understand complex systems such as climates, economies,
ecosystems,
and international relations.<p>
As these examples suggest, simulations referred to at least two
types of
activity. One kind of simulation created a role-playing game and
engaged
participants in working out a scenario under prescribed conditions
and rules. The
other kind projected the behavior of a complex system on the basis
of a
quantitative model. The new computer simulations create games based
on models of
complex systems and, in that sense, they combine the two. <p>
The forerunners of these games were developed in the 1960s. "Social
simulation"
took off during the '60s in several independent forms. At Johns
Hopkins, the
sociologist James S. Coleman and his colleagues worked on
simulations as a means
of both advancing social theory and improving education,
particularly for
minority youth. Role-playing simulations and games, they argued,
would enliven
the teaching of subjects as diverse as mathematics and social
studies. One of the
games, called Ghetto, sought to expose the logic of inner-city
life. The hope was
that as a tool of research, simulations and games would enable the
theorist to
define and grasp the underlying rules of social systems.
(Economics, of all the
social sciences, has most used games this way.) As a tool of school
reform,
simulations would provide a more accessible, participatory method
of education
for children who did not respond well to traditional instruction.
John Dewey's
educational ideals would finally be realized--or at least
simulated. <p>
Advanced training programs and consensus-building for professionals
and decision
makers also made increasing use of role-playing simulation games,
sometimes
involving large groups working under a trained facilitator. Some of
the earliest
games simulated urban conflicts over resource allocation. In 1964,
one of the
founders of the field, Richard Duke, designed a game called
Metropolis for the
city council in Lansing, Michigan. The game used role-playing to
work through
policy decisions and employed computers to track the effects, as
the group went
through one cycle of decision making after another. By the
mid-1970s, a later
version of the game, Metro-Apex, gave computer simulation a central
role. <p>
During the 1950s and 1960s, a variety of planners and social
scientists concerned
with urban problems had been developing large-scale computer models
of cities to
simulate and predict their development under varying policies.
These models were
first designed primarily for transportation and land-use planning.
The federal
highway program provided a major impetus. Modeling burgeoned in
both academic and
professional city-planning departments and displaced older
traditions that
conceived of planning as "architecture writ large." <p>
Large-scale urban simulation models first caught the public eye
through the work
of an outsider to the field. In 1969, Jay W. Forrester, an
electrical engineering
professor at MIT with no background in urban research, published
<i>Urban
Dynamics</i>, a book purporting to disprove common intuitions about
urban policy.
Forrester's next work, <i>World Dynamics</i>, proposed a model for
the entire
planet. A group based at MIT and led by his prot�g�s prepared the
1972 report
<i>The Limits to Growth</i> sponsored by the Club of Rome, which
claimed to show
that the world was reaching the end of its ecological tether. <p>
Because of their dramatic conclusions, Forrester and the Club of
Rome report
captured the public imagination, but the reception accorded their
work by
researchers and professionals was much cooler. Forrester's urban
model was not
based on empirical evidence and had no spatial dimension. According
to Britton
Harris, a leading exponent of modeling and emeritus professor of
planning,
transportation, and public policy at the University of
Pennsylvania, Forrester's
model had little influence on urban planning. The Club of Rome
report did
incorporate data and had real influence, though it too had no
spatial dimension.
From the vantage of the Club of Rome, the world consisted only of
aggregates and
averages. While undoubtedly contributing to public awareness of
global
environmental problems (and better subsequent research), the report
itself has
not withstood the passage of time. For example, nearly all the
resources that it
predicted would be in short supply at escalating prices in the
1990s now have
larger known reserves and are available at lower prices than they
were in 1972.
<p>
Professional disillusionment with large-scale models was already
setting in at
the time of the Club of Rome report. In 1973, a leading journal in
urban planning
published a "requiem" for large-scale models. The emerging
consensus was that the
models had overreached; both the theory underlying the models and
the available
data were inadequate to make the kind of predictions the modelers
were
attempting. The modelers' "loss of faith," as one of the leading
urban modelers,
William Alonso, calls it, became part of a broader collapse of
confidence in
planning in the 1970s and 1980s. In the same era, efforts to apply
simulation and
games to the education of minority youth were also proving a
disappointment.
Critics questioned whether the educational payoff was worth the
effort. <p>
But while social simulation flagged, work on simulation models and
games did not
actually disappear. Rather, it retreated into more specialized
circles.
Role-playing simulations have become a standard technique for
professional
training and conflict resolution. During the next two decades, the
development
of computers, software, and data resources transformed both the
scientific and
popular potential of computer simulation. By the late 1980s, there
was talk of
a "renaissance" of large-scale models in urban planning, even
though many in the
field are still as wary as ever about the models' predictive
powers. <p>
<font size="+2">T</font>he
spread of desktop computers and advance of visualization
techniques have been
particularly important for the revival and popular crossover of
simulation. Early
computer simulations and games required access to mainframe
computers and skills
that were, to most people, esoteric. Improved graphics made
simulations and games
not only more accessible and absorbing, but also more "playable."
<p>
Much of the research behind advances in computer graphics was
originally
sponsored by the Department of Defense and space programs and grew
out of work
on flight simulation, which in the 1960s and '70s was centered at
the University
of Utah. The defense and space programs had a similar catalytic
role in the
development of the Internet. Virtual reality has followed the same
route. <p>
Improved graphics hit the home market with the growth of video
games and the
advent of the Macintosh. Even flight simulation has crossed over to
become home
entertainment.<p>
It was while working on a video game for bombing islands that Will
Wright, a
Macintosh programmer, came up with the idea for SimCity. Wright
told me recently
that while designing a "terrain editor" to create the landscape, he
discovered
that he had "more fun building the islands than bombing them." <p>
Wright had never studied urban planning--his background was in
robotics and
computer games--but on his own he found his way to the planning
literature,
including Forrester and Jane Jacobs. The subject became interesting
to him only
after he began simulating urban development. (Many people who have
since played
SimCity have probably had the same experience.) Drawing on research
begun decades
earlier, Wright fashioned the models of land use, traffic, power
systems, and
other aspects of urban development that underlie SimCity. He says
he conceived
of SimCity not as a game but rather as a "toy" because at least in
its standard
use there is no preset goal or contest. The player decides what
kind of city to
build--whether to emphasize its size, wealth, beauty, or harmony
with the
environment. In 1987, unable to find a software publisher who
thought there was
a market for such a toy, Wright joined with a businessman, Jeff
Braun, to start
Maxis and develop SimCity. The company now has more than 20 titles
on the market
and has spun off a separate firm to create business and public
policy
applications. <p>
<p>
<p>
<hr>
<h3><i>Inside SimCity</h3></i><p>
<p>
The seductive power of computer simulation games lies partly in
their
extraordinary variety and intricacy. Generating complex variation
is one thing
that computers do especially well. But interest in such games was
limited as long
as the "user interface" was text. Adding stereo sound and
three-dimensional
graphics enables people to handle greater complexity at a faster
pace. This is
what makes multimedia simulation such a powerful communication
medium. SimCity
shows why. <p>
Like several other programs in the Sim series, SimCity offers a
choice between
two types of play: building a system from scratch or solving the
problems in a
specific scenario. (All references here are to SimCity 2000, the
more elaborate,
three-dimensional version of the game released in 1993.) The player
who builds
a city de novo receives a starting fund and a randomly generated,
five-square-mile terrain whose features can be chosen and modified
at no cost
prior to the start of play. For example, the player can decide
whether to locate
the city on a coast or river and how much area will be covered by
water, hills,
and forests. The terrain will be different every time. Once play
begins, the
development of the city is open-ended, with no fixed objectives or
time limits,
except as the player defines them. In contrast, in the second type
of play, the
player loads a scenario with a given map and limited time to
accomplish a
specific task, such as revitalizing Flint, rebuilding Charleston,
South Carolina
after a hurricane, or turning "Dullsville, U.S.A.," into an
exciting
community.<p>
As mayor of SimCity, the player has extraordinary powers; there is
no city
council, state government, or public employee union to worry about.
(Weep,
Rudolph Giuliani, weep.) The mayor can set local tax rates and
locate and build
various community facilities and services, such as power plants,
water systems,
roads, highways, rails, airports, police and fire stations,
schools, and
hospitals. The mayor can also control annual spending on city
services, adopt
ordinances on matters ranging from pollution control to the
promotion of tourism,
and zone areas for industrial, commercial, or residential use. <p>
SimCity operates on a "field of dreams" principle. If as mayor the
player creates
the right environment, the Sims--the imaginary inhabitants of the
city--will come
and build factories, shops, and homes. When they do, buildings and
factories pop
up on the land and change as the city develops. But if things turn
sour--if
unemployment rises or high crime rates in a neighborhood drive
people away--the
icons on the screen change or go dark to indicate population losses
or building
abandonment. All this takes place in vaguely historical time (the
player can set
the starting data at 1900, 1950, 2000, or 2050), which primarily
affects the
available technology and rate of energy consumption. <p>
To help make decisions about zoning, taxes, expenditures, bond
issues, and other
policies, the program provides a wealth of constantly changing data
in maps and
graphs showing the city's population growth and density, demand for
residential,
commercial, and industrial land, unemployment, power and water
supply, crime,
traffic congestion, pollution, and various other aspects of the
city's
development. The same sources report changes in interest rates and
the growth of
the national economy and neighboring cities. Newspapers
periodically deliver
reports of local sentiment, including the latest public opinion
polls and inane,
jumbled stories about local and made-up international events. A
hallmark of the
Sim games is a light touch. (My favorite example: In SimAnt, which
translates the
sociobiology of ant behavior into game form, one ant curses a group
from another
colony, "Your queen mates with termites.") <p>
<font size="+2">T</font>he
key to SimCity is the interaction of private land values with the
public
budget. As the player constructs a city, the value of property
zoned for
development is continually changing. These changing values are
critical, for they
affect property tax receipts and determine--as my six-year-old
quickly
discovered--whether the cash flow in the city budget is positive or
negative and
therefore whether the player has to raise taxes, cut spending on
city services,
and skimp on public investments. <p>
Will Wright aptly refers to the basic conceptual framework of
SimCity as a
"capitalistic land value ecology" and argues that it fits the
development of
American cities in the twentieth century but would not account for
the
development, for example, of St. Petersburg. In fact, SimCity is
somewhat more
constraining; the game seems to require a particular type of
American city built
on an industrial base. <p>
The model in SimCity, as Wright describes it, consists of a series
of "concentric
rings." At the core is a so-called "basic/nonbasic" or
"export/import" model,
borrowed from the traditional urban development literature, that
describes the
evolving relationship of the industrial, commercial, and
residential sectors.
SimCity assumes that while 70 percent of industrial production is
exported
outside of a city, 70 percent of commercial production is consumed
internally.
Thus in the early stages of a city's development, while its
internal market is
small, the industrial sector must predominate. As the city and its
internal
market grow, commerce begins to expand, ultimately overtaking
industry as the
main source of employment. The demand for residential space depends
on the growth
of other sectors. If jobs outnumber potential participants in the
labor force,
people will move to the city and demand for residential development
will
increase. If the local economy is doing badly and there are fewer
jobs than
workers, unemployment will rise and people will leave the city.<p>
According to Wright, SimCity uses a "bid rent" model to determine
land
valuations. Property carries different values depending on its use;
for example,
proximity to the urban center is valued most for commercial and
residential
purposes and least for industry. The actual numbers used in SimCity
for land
values, city investments, and other items bear no relation to the
real world.
However, the overall valuation of SimCity and thus its tax base
will depend on
how the player distributes and locates different zones and
allocates resources
among roads, schools, and other public services.<p>
Wright says SimCity is built "from the inside out." In the outer
rings are models
for traffic, energy, water, and other systems, which react back
upon and modify
the land-use model at the core. The hardest problem, according to
Wright, is not
what to put in but what to leave out. He is disarming about the
game's limits.
Inevitably, SimCity is a "caricature" of reality. The models
deliberately
exaggerate effects to provide feedback to the player; in real life,
the effects
of many decisions would be imperceptible. The purpose of SimCity is
not accuracy
or prediction but communication. "Unless it's entertaining, the
educational value
is irrelevant." Asked how he handles controversial choices, like
the effects of
tax rates on development, Wright dodges the question and says, "We
go for game
play"--whatever is most fun. <p>
Still, when players make decisions in SimCity, the game generates
effects on
employment, crime, population growth, tax revenues. I would be more
worried about
too easy an acceptance of the validity of those effects if SimCity
worked with
real data. Games of that kind may well be on the market not long
from now,
enabling players to download real maps and data into a game with a
visual
interface like SimCity. But, as now designed, SimCity is clearly a
fictional
world and the effects seem only as real as points scored in a video
game. This
is even true of the Flint scenario because of the patently
fictional quality of
all the numbers used in the game. <p>
SimCity's players learn not from any particular aspect of the model
but from the
process of being forced to make choices and face the consequences.
Most
immediately, they confront choices of spatial design in
distributing land among
potential uses and locating community resources like schools and
NIMBY's like
power plants. These choices have a temporal as well as spatial
dimension. Players
who overinvest too early in costly capital projects like an airport
or stadium
will quickly find themselves in fiscal trouble. <p><p>
<font size="+2">T</font>he
important payoff comes from struggling to master complexity.
Wright observes,
"Playing the game is the process of discovering how the model
works." Of course,
few players will be able to give any formal expression to the
model. But much of
it is implicit in the manual that comes with the game, and many
players will be
able to figure out critical relationships from the signals that the
game
provides. To keep up with a city's changing size and demands, the
game requires
constant monitoring of the city's power, water, transportation,
budget, and other
systems.<p>
If there is a "hidden curriculum" in SimCity and other Sim games,
it lies here.
Shoshana Zuboff's 1988 book I<i>n the Age of the Smart Machine
</i>describes the
confusion and alienation of workers in factories and offices as
computers were
first introduced over the previous decade. Physical contact with
the production
process had been an important source of practical knowledge; for
example, workers
at pulp mills that Zuboff studied had been able to tell whether
anything was
wrong merely from the color and odor of the pulp. Now the workers
were asked to
make decisions based on information flashing on a computer screen.
This shift
deemphasized sensory knowledge and put a premium on more abstract,
"intellective"
capacities. This is exactly what SimCity teaches: the management of
complex
systems based on "intelligent scanning" of streams of constantly
changing
information. <p>
As SimCity has evolved, it has incorporated increasing levels of
complexity. For
example, in the original SimCity, the fiscal options were limited.
There was one
tax rate that players could raise or lower, no possibility of
floating bonds, and
just three types of operating expenditure--transportation, police,
and fire
protection. In SimCity 2000, the player can vary property tax rates
by class
(residential, commercial, industrial); offer tax incentives to
specific
industries; impose a sales or income tax; borrow funds; refinance
bonds; budget
a wider variety of programs now including education, health, and
welfare; and
vary expenditures within each budget category (for example, primary
and secondary
schools versus higher education) and even by neighborhood. <p>
This degree of complexity may seem astonishing in a game for
children. But when
children play SuperMario World and other popular adventure games,
they must learn
the most intricate facts about the many imaginary places they
navigate. These
worlds are typically filled with strange creatures, hidden
passageways, and
special treasures. Going from one level of the game to the next
demands an
extraordinary mastery of detail. Compared with these demands,
managing SimCity
is surprisingly straightforward. <p>
SimCity makes complexity manageable partly by enabling players to
ignore much of
it when they are first learning the game. For example, players can
turn on
"auto-budget" and let the program follow its default options until
they are ready
to take up fiscal alternatives. When they do, they will find that
SimCity allows
the mayor to get advice from various city council members--or are
they
consultants?--who appear at the click of a mouse. Their
recommendations may not,
however, always be consistent. As I was playing, one adviser urged
me to raise
taxes to cut the city's deficit, while another said I should cut
taxes to
stimulate growth. This difference seemed to me a truly real-world
touch. <p>
Wright says that the next stage in SimCity's development may enable
the player
to dive into a city to run a business inside it. He also wants to
give players
the ability to modify the model's assumptions. "We want the user to
be able to
define more and more of the model." Ultimately, he says, the game
could allow
players to build the models themselves. Whether many people would
use this
opportunity is unclear. But the option would permit mastery of a
simulation in
the more fundamental sense of being able to manipulate the
assumptions and
relationships behind it. In its current version, the model is an
unreachable
black box. A new Sim game, SimHealth, does allow players to modify
assumptions
and define the governing values. But in practice, SimHealth shows
some of the
limitations of the genre.<p>
<p>
<p>
<hr>
<h3><i>A Simulation Muddle</h3></i><p>
<p>
The premise of SimHealth is that you have been elected to Congress
in 1992 and
seek to get reelected by choosing policies for health care. The
game and the
voters then rate your performance not against an independent
standard but rather
against your own--the values you have selected at the outset. This
is an
attractive concept. However, the framework for "clarifying" values
adopted by
SimHealth is based on hackneyed and misleading premises. SimHealth
asks players
to define their values in terms of two dualities--liberty and
equality, and
community and efficiency--on the premise that more of one value in
a pair
necessarily means less of the other. <p>
But is this the case? Historically, many societies that have denied
basic
liberties have also had extreme inequalities. When we talk about
rights, we
generally mean equal rights; thus the two concepts overlap, often
reinforcing one
another. For example, does the right to assemble peaceably for
redress of
grievances express the value of liberty or equality? What about
equal educational
opportunity? Compared to the U.S. system today, is Canadian-style
national health
insurance an expression of equality (since everyone is covered) or
of liberty
(since all are guaranteed individual choice of physician and no one
suffers from
job lock)? <p>
To assume a zero-sum relation between liberty and equality, and
community and
efficiency, obscures a central challenge of policy--how to achieve
progress on
more than one value at a time. For example, few would disagree that
by
eliminating administrative sources of inefficiency, we are better
able to carry
out aims benefiting the community as a whole. But in SimHealth,
efficiency and
community are counterposed. Perhaps even more fundamental,
SimHealth's framework
fails to appreciate that the main political differences in health
policy, as in
other areas of American politics, concern conflicting
interpretations of widely
shared values. Those who take different positions do not
necessarily differ in
the value they place, for example, on liberty; they often disagree
about what
liberty means in relation to health care (freedom to change jobs
without fear of
losing coverage, freedom to pick a health plan, freedom to pick a
doctor, freedom
to consult alternative healers, and so on). <p>
SimHealth's philosophical muddle is inadvertently apparent from the
arbitrary
connections it asserts between values and particular statements
that are supposed
to embody them. The value of community supposedly calls for
"restructur[ing]
health insurance to provide the highest quality care." But it is
obscure to me
why "community" should mean an emphasis on quality of care rather
than, say,
careful stewardship of resources, priority for public health
measures, or
universal coverage. <p>
SimHealth does no better a job of explaining health care policies
and proposals.
Indeed, the game is littered with crude simplifications and
outright errors of
fact. It mixes up the concepts of managed care and managed
competition, confuses
an individual's share of premiums with the coinsurance rate (the
individuals'
share of payments for covered services), and misstates the basic
arrangements
proposed in the Clinton and other proposed health plans in
Congress. The effects
of particular policies on public opinion seemed entirely arbitrary
and
capricious. I did not detect any particular political bias. But
SimHealth
contains so much misinformation that no one could possibly
understand competing
proposals and policies, much less evaluate them, on the basis of
the program. And
although SimHealth enables users to modify some assumptions, the
model is never
clearly explained and the basic architecture is beyond reach. <p>
The oversimplified values framework and misinformation in SimHealth
could be
fixed, but the bigger problem is false pretensions. Unlike the
plainly fictional
SimCity, SimHealth claims to simulate the effects of different
real-world
proposals, which it cannot do. I suspect that if SimCity purported
to help
evaluate policies toward the homeless, it would seem equally
inadequate.<p>
SimHealth is a case of overshoot. The Sim games generally achieve
their impact
by engaging players in concrete tasks. SimHealth, however, seeks to
engage
players in formulating policy, which is entirely different. A child
can start
playing SimCity without any conceptual understanding of urban
development. But
to choose among various policy options in SimHealth, the player
needs to
understand their relation to one another. The conceptual threshold
is too high,
and it is not clear that a game can overcome it. On the other hand,
for those who
are familiar with the elements of health policy, playing SimHealth
quickly
becomes repetitive; it lacks the complex variation and intricacy of
SimCity and
other Sim games. Once the novelty of making health policy into a
game has worn
off, I doubt SimHealth will hold much interest. It certainly has no
value in
assessing health care reform.<p>
<p>
<p>
<hr>
<h3><i>Simulation in Reality</h3></i><p>
<p>
The critical problem raised by simulation is the black-box nature
of the models.
In the "real world" of policy simulation, the models are subject to
criticism and
debate, at least among professionals. Opposing sides in policy
disputes often
come armed with their own simulations, ready to fight numbers with
numbers.
However outrageously biased some of these may be, there is nothing
remarkable or
offensive about the practice--it is simply one aspect of today's
pursuit of
politics by other means.<p>
The troubling questions, in my view, concern the use of simulation
as an element
of statecraft. In principle, models used for official purposes are
more open to
scrutiny than are those in the private sector, and that is
enormously important.
Within and across the branches of the federal government, the
validity of the
models and assumptions is subject to intense scrutiny, and a strong
sense of
professionalism limits political manipulation. However, to most
participants in
policy debates as well as the public at large, the models are
opaque. Only a few
can penetrate the black box and understand what is inside. This has
two opposite
effects. At a conscious level, many people are distrustful of
official
projections, like much else about government. In practice, however,
the numbers
take on immense importance. As a result, those who have technical
authority over
the black boxes acquire an extraordinary degree of influence in the
political
process. And technical authority matters because the outcome of
simulations often
depends on what is assumed in the first place. <p>
There is no obvious remedy to the black-box problem, and it affects
conservatives
as much as liberals. Conservatives who are wary of planning still
depend on
large-scale models for budgetary projections. Indeed, the most
recent version of
the balanced- budget amendment would require Congress to balance
not actual
outlays and receipts but projections of future streams. Since those
projections
would be produced through computer simulations, the amendment would
give
unprecedented authority to whoever served as official simulator--a
role that
sounds like the modern equivalent of court magician, and perhaps
is. <p>
The official simulator today, CBO director Robert Reischauer, may
now be as
powerful a figure as any member of Congress. The CBO has no veto
over
legislation, but it has a power that is nearly as great--the power
to "score"
legislation to determine compliance with budget rules and future
effects on the
deficit. When someone in Washington today claims savings for a
proposed change
in national policy, people ask not whether the savings are real but
rather, "Are
they scoreable?" This aspect of national policy has all the
features of a game
with arcane rules and assumptions. (One of the staff economists at
the Council
of Economic Advisers joked last year that after leaving he would
write a
kiss-and-tell book called <i>How to Score in Washington</i>.) <p>
From the formative stages of policymaking, the effects are
substantial. For the
past several years, the CBO has cast a broad shadow over the debate
about health
care reform. Among the cognoscenti, cost-containment proposals have
been
classified in two ways--"scoreable" and "unscoreable"--depending on
whether the
CBO was likely to smile or frown. The prospect that the CBO would
frown on a
policy and deem it "unscoreable" has been a grave, sometimes fatal
strike against
it. <p>
When the CBO finally made its report on the Clinton health plan, it
was
front-page news, and again the black-box problem was apparent. Now
it was time
to hear the score, though few understood what went into it. The
president's
critics heralded Reischauer for saying that premiums paid to health
alliances
should be counted in federal receipts (albeit as an "off-budget"
item) and that
the plan would raise the federal deficit by $70 billion in the
years prior to
2004 before reducing it. It almost did not matter that the CBO
estimated a
near-term increase in the federal deficit in part because it
projected larger
savings to state and local government (indeed, recapturing those
savings for the
Treasury would make the plan virtually budget-neutral). Nor did
conservatives who
were praising Reischauer seem to appreciate the implications of
CBO's general
view of cost containment. While casting a skeptical eye on the
market-oriented
measures generally favored by conservatives, CBO has endorsed the
effectiveness
of regulatory measures that conservatives dislike. CBO accepted the
Clinton
premium caps as 100 percent effective. It has favorably assessed
the impact of
single-payer plans, particularly on administrative costs. This is
by no means to
say that CBO's judgments will be decisive, only that they have come
to hold
unprecedented influence. <p>
CBO has emerged as a power center as the influence of Congress has
grown relative
to the executive branch over the past two decades. But CBO has also
become a
force in its own right, apart from the Congress, because of the
predominance and
persistence of budgetary issues in national politics and the search
by the
Congress to find ways to bind itself, like Ulysses to the mast, to
resist strong
impulses within. The official simulator is now called upon to
provide not just
clairvoyance but collective self-discipline. The discipline will
hold only if the
simulations do--only if there is one authoritative mechanism for
defining the
future in the present. The power of CBO has become an institutional
necessity.
<p>
<font size="+2">I</font>n
the wider world, there is no comparable imperative to find a
single mechanism
for simulating alternative policies and theories. If there must be
black boxes,
at least we should have many of them to discourage faith in any
one. Even better,
we need to open up the boxes by making the models more
transparent.<p>
Transparency ought to become both the objective of simulation
designers and a
critical basis for judging their success. Richard Duke--the pioneer
who first
introduced computers into urban simulation games in the 1960s--is
now deeply
skeptical about models embedded in computers that oblige the user
simply to
accept an outcome as valid. Currently a professor at the University
of Michigan
and president of the International Simulation and Gaming
Association, Duke says,
"If a simulation hides the model, it's of little interest to me. If
a simulation
exposes the model, I'm much more interested." His own work now
emphasizes
role-playing policy simulation exercises that allow different
players to engage
each other, not just a black-box model. Besides allowing
participants to practice
skills in negotiation and group problem solving, the role-playing
approach is
much less deterministic: it introduces an unpredictable element of
human choice
into simulation games. <p>
Computer simulation games with many simultaneous players linked
through the
Internet may also introduce more unpredictability. Moreover, as
computer games
become more elaborate and widely used, their sheer multiplication
and increasing
plasticity may promote a healthy skepticism about their predictive
power. Playing
with simulation is one way to see its limits as well as its
possibilities. <p>
For better or worse, simulation is no mere fad. Indeed, to think of
simulation
games as mere entertainment or even as teaching tools is to
underestimate them.
They represent a major addition to the intellectual repertoire that
will
increasingly shape how we communicate ideas and think through
problems. The
advent of this new medium has escaped the attention of cultural
critics because
it has come in the form of children's games. But the computer
simulation game is
an art form; when combined with three-dimensional graphics and
sound, it is an
extraordinarily powerful one. We shall be working and thinking in
SimCity for a
long time.
| Seductions of Sim
**Copyright 1994 by New Prospect, Inc.
Readers may redistribute this article to other individuals for
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text and this notice remain intact. This article may not be
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*Preferred Citation*: Paul Starr, "Seductions of Sim: Policy
as a
Simulation Game," *The American Prospect* no. 17 (Spring
1994): 19-29.**
---
Seductions
Of
Sim
Policy as a Simulation Game
Paul
Starr
Standing
around the computer, my two older daughters, nine and eleven years
old,
scan the picture of the city we're creating and debate whether it
needs more
commercial or residential development. My six-year-old son suggests
we look at
the city budget. In just a few weeks he has learned enough to ask
the critical
question: "What's the cash flow?"
This is SimCity, one of a series of computer simulations that turn
public policy
and ideas into popular entertainment. With the advent of
dramatically improved
graphics and powerful, low-cost multimedia computers, a new
generation of
"edutainment" software has finally begun to fulfill the long-touted
promise of
computers in education. Most of the new programs use interactive
multimedia to
make games out of traditional subjects such as arithmetic or
geography. In
MathBlasters, for example, children solve math problems in order to
fuel up a
rocket and find a villain in outer space.
However, the Sim series, produced by California-based Maxis, goes
a step further:
it makes games out of simulations of complex natural and social
systems, based
on advanced and sometimes controversial areas of science and
decision making,
such as climatology and environmental science, genetics, and
sociobiology. Those
who think designing cities is prosaic can move on to simulating the
development
of planetary ecosystems (SimEarth) or the evolution of new life
forms (SimLife).
Other programs make games out of the management of railroads
(A-Train), and farms
(SimFarm), and even national health policy (SimHealth). These are
unlikely ever
to challenge Nintendo's SuperMario World in sales. Still, it isn't
only policy
wonks who are buying the games for themselves and their kids.
SimCity has sold
two million copies since its release in 1989 and has probably
introduced more
people to urban planning than any book ever has.
When my family first began playing SimCity and others like it not
long ago, my
initial reaction was a mixture of excitement and skepticism. The
new simulations
are certainly a lot more fun than most textbooks. Rather than
present
information, they provide tools for inventing worlds, exploring
hypotheses, and
stretching imaginations. Several have a public viewpoint. In
SimCity--unlike
Monopoly--the player builds a community. One of the "scenarios" in
the latest
version of SimCity puts the player in Flint, Michigan in 1974 with
the task of
rebuilding the local job base and community. In SimEarth and
SimLife, the object
is to create sustainable environments and avoid extinctions.
But I worried whether the games might not be too seductive. What
assumptions were
buried in the underlying models? What was their "hidden
curriculum"? Did a
conservative or a liberal determine the response to changes in tax
rates in
SimCity? While playing SimCity with my eleven-year-old daughter, I
railed against
what I thought was a built-in bias of the program against mixed-use
development.
"It's just the way the game works," she said a bit impatiently.
My daughter's words seemed oddly familiar. A few months earlier
someone had said
virtually the same thing to me, but where? It suddenly flashed
back: the earlier
conversation had taken place while I was working at the White House
on the
development of the Clinton health plan. We were discussing the
simulation model
likely to be used by the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to
"score" proposals
for health care reform. When I criticized one assumption, a
colleague said to me,
"Don't waste your breath," warning that it was hopeless to get CBO
to change.
Policy would have to adjust.
There are, of course, important differences between computer
simulation games and
the simulations used to assess policy options. The games are
designed to be
entertaining; fidelity to empirical reality is not foremost. But
simplification
is inherent in any simulation. Even "real" simulations (if that is
not an
oxymoron) inevitably rely on imperfect models and simplifying
assumptions that
the media, the public, and even policy makers themselves generally
don't
understand. Both types of simulation are examples of what might be
called a
*crossover intellectual technology*, one that has only
recently moved from
academic and technical fields into popular and public use. The
crossover of
simulation holds out the promise of an enriched understanding of
the world,
particularly of complex systems. But there is a danger too:
forgetting that
simulations depend on the models on which they are built.
The danger is particularly worrisome when simulations are used to
make
predictions and evaluate policies. And when policymakers depend on
simulations
to guide present choices--especially when legislators put
government on
"automatic pilot," binding policy to numerical indicators of
projected trends--
they cede power to those who define the models that generate the
forecasts. This
is happening in America today, most notably with the rise of the
CBO as a power
center in national policy. In a sense, Washington is already Sim
city.
---
### *Original Sim*
Although it has taken three decades for them to come of age,
simulation games--
and SimCity in particular--are really children of the '60s. Indeed,
their
development follows a classic pattern of our time. In their
infancy, simulations
and related advances in computer technology were nurtured by
government grants
for both military and domestic policy purposes. In their maturity,
they are being
turned by private initiative and investment into a phenomenon of
popular culture.
To be sure, the genealogy of simulation can be traced back to a
varied history
preceding the 1960s. At least since their use by the Prussian army
in the
eighteenth century, simulations of combat have been a staple of
military
training. War games were, so to speak, the cradle of simulation. By
the
post-World War II era, engineers and corporate managers were using
simulations
to design and run power grids, telecommunications networks,
factories, and
businesses. Business simulations, which began primarily as training
exercises,
evolved into a routine management tool. And as researchers gained
access to
computers in the 1950s and '60s, simulations came into wide use for
scientific
purposes to understand complex systems such as climates, economies,
ecosystems,
and international relations.
As these examples suggest, simulations referred to at least two
types of
activity. One kind of simulation created a role-playing game and
engaged
participants in working out a scenario under prescribed conditions
and rules. The
other kind projected the behavior of a complex system on the basis
of a
quantitative model. The new computer simulations create games based
on models of
complex systems and, in that sense, they combine the two.
The forerunners of these games were developed in the 1960s. "Social
simulation"
took off during the '60s in several independent forms. At Johns
Hopkins, the
sociologist James S. Coleman and his colleagues worked on
simulations as a means
of both advancing social theory and improving education,
particularly for
minority youth. Role-playing simulations and games, they argued,
would enliven
the teaching of subjects as diverse as mathematics and social
studies. One of the
games, called Ghetto, sought to expose the logic of inner-city
life. The hope was
that as a tool of research, simulations and games would enable the
theorist to
define and grasp the underlying rules of social systems.
(Economics, of all the
social sciences, has most used games this way.) As a tool of school
reform,
simulations would provide a more accessible, participatory method
of education
for children who did not respond well to traditional instruction.
John Dewey's
educational ideals would finally be realized--or at least
simulated.
Advanced training programs and consensus-building for professionals
and decision
makers also made increasing use of role-playing simulation games,
sometimes
involving large groups working under a trained facilitator. Some of
the earliest
games simulated urban conflicts over resource allocation. In 1964,
one of the
founders of the field, Richard Duke, designed a game called
Metropolis for the
city council in Lansing, Michigan. The game used role-playing to
work through
policy decisions and employed computers to track the effects, as
the group went
through one cycle of decision making after another. By the
mid-1970s, a later
version of the game, Metro-Apex, gave computer simulation a central
role.
During the 1950s and 1960s, a variety of planners and social
scientists concerned
with urban problems had been developing large-scale computer models
of cities to
simulate and predict their development under varying policies.
These models were
first designed primarily for transportation and land-use planning.
The federal
highway program provided a major impetus. Modeling burgeoned in
both academic and
professional city-planning departments and displaced older
traditions that
conceived of planning as "architecture writ large."
Large-scale urban simulation models first caught the public eye
through the work
of an outsider to the field. In 1969, Jay W. Forrester, an
electrical engineering
professor at MIT with no background in urban research, published
*Urban
Dynamics*, a book purporting to disprove common intuitions about
urban policy.
Forrester's next work, *World Dynamics*, proposed a model for
the entire
planet. A group based at MIT and led by his prot�g�s prepared the
1972 report
*The Limits to Growth* sponsored by the Club of Rome, which
claimed to show
that the world was reaching the end of its ecological tether.
Because of their dramatic conclusions, Forrester and the Club of
Rome report
captured the public imagination, but the reception accorded their
work by
researchers and professionals was much cooler. Forrester's urban
model was not
based on empirical evidence and had no spatial dimension. According
to Britton
Harris, a leading exponent of modeling and emeritus professor of
planning,
transportation, and public policy at the University of
Pennsylvania, Forrester's
model had little influence on urban planning. The Club of Rome
report did
incorporate data and had real influence, though it too had no
spatial dimension.
From the vantage of the Club of Rome, the world consisted only of
aggregates and
averages. While undoubtedly contributing to public awareness of
global
environmental problems (and better subsequent research), the report
itself has
not withstood the passage of time. For example, nearly all the
resources that it
predicted would be in short supply at escalating prices in the
1990s now have
larger known reserves and are available at lower prices than they
were in 1972.
Professional disillusionment with large-scale models was already
setting in at
the time of the Club of Rome report. In 1973, a leading journal in
urban planning
published a "requiem" for large-scale models. The emerging
consensus was that the
models had overreached; both the theory underlying the models and
the available
data were inadequate to make the kind of predictions the modelers
were
attempting. The modelers' "loss of faith," as one of the leading
urban modelers,
William Alonso, calls it, became part of a broader collapse of
confidence in
planning in the 1970s and 1980s. In the same era, efforts to apply
simulation and
games to the education of minority youth were also proving a
disappointment.
Critics questioned whether the educational payoff was worth the
effort.
But while social simulation flagged, work on simulation models and
games did not
actually disappear. Rather, it retreated into more specialized
circles.
Role-playing simulations have become a standard technique for
professional
training and conflict resolution. During the next two decades, the
development
of computers, software, and data resources transformed both the
scientific and
popular potential of computer simulation. By the late 1980s, there
was talk of
a "renaissance" of large-scale models in urban planning, even
though many in the
field are still as wary as ever about the models' predictive
powers.
The
spread of desktop computers and advance of visualization
techniques have been
particularly important for the revival and popular crossover of
simulation. Early
computer simulations and games required access to mainframe
computers and skills
that were, to most people, esoteric. Improved graphics made
simulations and games
not only more accessible and absorbing, but also more "playable."
Much of the research behind advances in computer graphics was
originally
sponsored by the Department of Defense and space programs and grew
out of work
on flight simulation, which in the 1960s and '70s was centered at
the University
of Utah. The defense and space programs had a similar catalytic
role in the
development of the Internet. Virtual reality has followed the same
route.
Improved graphics hit the home market with the growth of video
games and the
advent of the Macintosh. Even flight simulation has crossed over to
become home
entertainment.
It was while working on a video game for bombing islands that Will
Wright, a
Macintosh programmer, came up with the idea for SimCity. Wright
told me recently
that while designing a "terrain editor" to create the landscape, he
discovered
that he had "more fun building the islands than bombing them."
Wright had never studied urban planning--his background was in
robotics and
computer games--but on his own he found his way to the planning
literature,
including Forrester and Jane Jacobs. The subject became interesting
to him only
after he began simulating urban development. (Many people who have
since played
SimCity have probably had the same experience.) Drawing on research
begun decades
earlier, Wright fashioned the models of land use, traffic, power
systems, and
other aspects of urban development that underlie SimCity. He says
he conceived
of SimCity not as a game but rather as a "toy" because at least in
its standard
use there is no preset goal or contest. The player decides what
kind of city to
build--whether to emphasize its size, wealth, beauty, or harmony
with the
environment. In 1987, unable to find a software publisher who
thought there was
a market for such a toy, Wright joined with a businessman, Jeff
Braun, to start
Maxis and develop SimCity. The company now has more than 20 titles
on the market
and has spun off a separate firm to create business and public
policy
applications.
---
### *Inside SimCity*
The seductive power of computer simulation games lies partly in
their
extraordinary variety and intricacy. Generating complex variation
is one thing
that computers do especially well. But interest in such games was
limited as long
as the "user interface" was text. Adding stereo sound and
three-dimensional
graphics enables people to handle greater complexity at a faster
pace. This is
what makes multimedia simulation such a powerful communication
medium. SimCity
shows why.
Like several other programs in the Sim series, SimCity offers a
choice between
two types of play: building a system from scratch or solving the
problems in a
specific scenario. (All references here are to SimCity 2000, the
more elaborate,
three-dimensional version of the game released in 1993.) The player
who builds
a city de novo receives a starting fund and a randomly generated,
five-square-mile terrain whose features can be chosen and modified
at no cost
prior to the start of play. For example, the player can decide
whether to locate
the city on a coast or river and how much area will be covered by
water, hills,
and forests. The terrain will be different every time. Once play
begins, the
development of the city is open-ended, with no fixed objectives or
time limits,
except as the player defines them. In contrast, in the second type
of play, the
player loads a scenario with a given map and limited time to
accomplish a
specific task, such as revitalizing Flint, rebuilding Charleston,
South Carolina
after a hurricane, or turning "Dullsville, U.S.A.," into an
exciting
community.
As mayor of SimCity, the player has extraordinary powers; there is
no city
council, state government, or public employee union to worry about.
(Weep,
Rudolph Giuliani, weep.) The mayor can set local tax rates and
locate and build
various community facilities and services, such as power plants,
water systems,
roads, highways, rails, airports, police and fire stations,
schools, and
hospitals. The mayor can also control annual spending on city
services, adopt
ordinances on matters ranging from pollution control to the
promotion of tourism,
and zone areas for industrial, commercial, or residential use.
SimCity operates on a "field of dreams" principle. If as mayor the
player creates
the right environment, the Sims--the imaginary inhabitants of the
city--will come
and build factories, shops, and homes. When they do, buildings and
factories pop
up on the land and change as the city develops. But if things turn
sour--if
unemployment rises or high crime rates in a neighborhood drive
people away--the
icons on the screen change or go dark to indicate population losses
or building
abandonment. All this takes place in vaguely historical time (the
player can set
the starting data at 1900, 1950, 2000, or 2050), which primarily
affects the
available technology and rate of energy consumption.
To help make decisions about zoning, taxes, expenditures, bond
issues, and other
policies, the program provides a wealth of constantly changing data
in maps and
graphs showing the city's population growth and density, demand for
residential,
commercial, and industrial land, unemployment, power and water
supply, crime,
traffic congestion, pollution, and various other aspects of the
city's
development. The same sources report changes in interest rates and
the growth of
the national economy and neighboring cities. Newspapers
periodically deliver
reports of local sentiment, including the latest public opinion
polls and inane,
jumbled stories about local and made-up international events. A
hallmark of the
Sim games is a light touch. (My favorite example: In SimAnt, which
translates the
sociobiology of ant behavior into game form, one ant curses a group
from another
colony, "Your queen mates with termites.")
The
key to SimCity is the interaction of private land values with the
public
budget. As the player constructs a city, the value of property
zoned for
development is continually changing. These changing values are
critical, for they
affect property tax receipts and determine--as my six-year-old
quickly
discovered--whether the cash flow in the city budget is positive or
negative and
therefore whether the player has to raise taxes, cut spending on
city services,
and skimp on public investments.
Will Wright aptly refers to the basic conceptual framework of
SimCity as a
"capitalistic land value ecology" and argues that it fits the
development of
American cities in the twentieth century but would not account for
the
development, for example, of St. Petersburg. In fact, SimCity is
somewhat more
constraining; the game seems to require a particular type of
American city built
on an industrial base.
The model in SimCity, as Wright describes it, consists of a series
of "concentric
rings." At the core is a so-called "basic/nonbasic" or
"export/import" model,
borrowed from the traditional urban development literature, that
describes the
evolving relationship of the industrial, commercial, and
residential sectors.
SimCity assumes that while 70 percent of industrial production is
exported
outside of a city, 70 percent of commercial production is consumed
internally.
Thus in the early stages of a city's development, while its
internal market is
small, the industrial sector must predominate. As the city and its
internal
market grow, commerce begins to expand, ultimately overtaking
industry as the
main source of employment. The demand for residential space depends
on the growth
of other sectors. If jobs outnumber potential participants in the
labor force,
people will move to the city and demand for residential development
will
increase. If the local economy is doing badly and there are fewer
jobs than
workers, unemployment will rise and people will leave the city.
According to Wright, SimCity uses a "bid rent" model to determine
land
valuations. Property carries different values depending on its use;
for example,
proximity to the urban center is valued most for commercial and
residential
purposes and least for industry. The actual numbers used in SimCity
for land
values, city investments, and other items bear no relation to the
real world.
However, the overall valuation of SimCity and thus its tax base
will depend on
how the player distributes and locates different zones and
allocates resources
among roads, schools, and other public services.
Wright says SimCity is built "from the inside out." In the outer
rings are models
for traffic, energy, water, and other systems, which react back
upon and modify
the land-use model at the core. The hardest problem, according to
Wright, is not
what to put in but what to leave out. He is disarming about the
game's limits.
Inevitably, SimCity is a "caricature" of reality. The models
deliberately
exaggerate effects to provide feedback to the player; in real life,
the effects
of many decisions would be imperceptible. The purpose of SimCity is
not accuracy
or prediction but communication. "Unless it's entertaining, the
educational value
is irrelevant." Asked how he handles controversial choices, like
the effects of
tax rates on development, Wright dodges the question and says, "We
go for game
play"--whatever is most fun.
Still, when players make decisions in SimCity, the game generates
effects on
employment, crime, population growth, tax revenues. I would be more
worried about
too easy an acceptance of the validity of those effects if SimCity
worked with
real data. Games of that kind may well be on the market not long
from now,
enabling players to download real maps and data into a game with a
visual
interface like SimCity. But, as now designed, SimCity is clearly a
fictional
world and the effects seem only as real as points scored in a video
game. This
is even true of the Flint scenario because of the patently
fictional quality of
all the numbers used in the game.
SimCity's players learn not from any particular aspect of the model
but from the
process of being forced to make choices and face the consequences.
Most
immediately, they confront choices of spatial design in
distributing land among
potential uses and locating community resources like schools and
NIMBY's like
power plants. These choices have a temporal as well as spatial
dimension. Players
who overinvest too early in costly capital projects like an airport
or stadium
will quickly find themselves in fiscal trouble.
The
important payoff comes from struggling to master complexity.
Wright observes,
"Playing the game is the process of discovering how the model
works." Of course,
few players will be able to give any formal expression to the
model. But much of
it is implicit in the manual that comes with the game, and many
players will be
able to figure out critical relationships from the signals that the
game
provides. To keep up with a city's changing size and demands, the
game requires
constant monitoring of the city's power, water, transportation,
budget, and other
systems.
If there is a "hidden curriculum" in SimCity and other Sim games,
it lies here.
Shoshana Zuboff's 1988 book I*n the Age of the Smart Machine*describes the
confusion and alienation of workers in factories and offices as
computers were
first introduced over the previous decade. Physical contact with
the production
process had been an important source of practical knowledge; for
example, workers
at pulp mills that Zuboff studied had been able to tell whether
anything was
wrong merely from the color and odor of the pulp. Now the workers
were asked to
make decisions based on information flashing on a computer screen.
This shift
deemphasized sensory knowledge and put a premium on more abstract,
"intellective"
capacities. This is exactly what SimCity teaches: the management of
complex
systems based on "intelligent scanning" of streams of constantly
changing
information.
As SimCity has evolved, it has incorporated increasing levels of
complexity. For
example, in the original SimCity, the fiscal options were limited.
There was one
tax rate that players could raise or lower, no possibility of
floating bonds, and
just three types of operating expenditure--transportation, police,
and fire
protection. In SimCity 2000, the player can vary property tax rates
by class
(residential, commercial, industrial); offer tax incentives to
specific
industries; impose a sales or income tax; borrow funds; refinance
bonds; budget
a wider variety of programs now including education, health, and
welfare; and
vary expenditures within each budget category (for example, primary
and secondary
schools versus higher education) and even by neighborhood.
This degree of complexity may seem astonishing in a game for
children. But when
children play SuperMario World and other popular adventure games,
they must learn
the most intricate facts about the many imaginary places they
navigate. These
worlds are typically filled with strange creatures, hidden
passageways, and
special treasures. Going from one level of the game to the next
demands an
extraordinary mastery of detail. Compared with these demands,
managing SimCity
is surprisingly straightforward.
SimCity makes complexity manageable partly by enabling players to
ignore much of
it when they are first learning the game. For example, players can
turn on
"auto-budget" and let the program follow its default options until
they are ready
to take up fiscal alternatives. When they do, they will find that
SimCity allows
the mayor to get advice from various city council members--or are
they
consultants?--who appear at the click of a mouse. Their
recommendations may not,
however, always be consistent. As I was playing, one adviser urged
me to raise
taxes to cut the city's deficit, while another said I should cut
taxes to
stimulate growth. This difference seemed to me a truly real-world
touch.
Wright says that the next stage in SimCity's development may enable
the player
to dive into a city to run a business inside it. He also wants to
give players
the ability to modify the model's assumptions. "We want the user to
be able to
define more and more of the model." Ultimately, he says, the game
could allow
players to build the models themselves. Whether many people would
use this
opportunity is unclear. But the option would permit mastery of a
simulation in
the more fundamental sense of being able to manipulate the
assumptions and
relationships behind it. In its current version, the model is an
unreachable
black box. A new Sim game, SimHealth, does allow players to modify
assumptions
and define the governing values. But in practice, SimHealth shows
some of the
limitations of the genre.
---
### *A Simulation Muddle*
The premise of SimHealth is that you have been elected to Congress
in 1992 and
seek to get reelected by choosing policies for health care. The
game and the
voters then rate your performance not against an independent
standard but rather
against your own--the values you have selected at the outset. This
is an
attractive concept. However, the framework for "clarifying" values
adopted by
SimHealth is based on hackneyed and misleading premises. SimHealth
asks players
to define their values in terms of two dualities--liberty and
equality, and
community and efficiency--on the premise that more of one value in
a pair
necessarily means less of the other.
But is this the case? Historically, many societies that have denied
basic
liberties have also had extreme inequalities. When we talk about
rights, we
generally mean equal rights; thus the two concepts overlap, often
reinforcing one
another. For example, does the right to assemble peaceably for
redress of
grievances express the value of liberty or equality? What about
equal educational
opportunity? Compared to the U.S. system today, is Canadian-style
national health
insurance an expression of equality (since everyone is covered) or
of liberty
(since all are guaranteed individual choice of physician and no one
suffers from
job lock)?
To assume a zero-sum relation between liberty and equality, and
community and
efficiency, obscures a central challenge of policy--how to achieve
progress on
more than one value at a time. For example, few would disagree that
by
eliminating administrative sources of inefficiency, we are better
able to carry
out aims benefiting the community as a whole. But in SimHealth,
efficiency and
community are counterposed. Perhaps even more fundamental,
SimHealth's framework
fails to appreciate that the main political differences in health
policy, as in
other areas of American politics, concern conflicting
interpretations of widely
shared values. Those who take different positions do not
necessarily differ in
the value they place, for example, on liberty; they often disagree
about what
liberty means in relation to health care (freedom to change jobs
without fear of
losing coverage, freedom to pick a health plan, freedom to pick a
doctor, freedom
to consult alternative healers, and so on).
SimHealth's philosophical muddle is inadvertently apparent from the
arbitrary
connections it asserts between values and particular statements
that are supposed
to embody them. The value of community supposedly calls for
"restructur[ing]
health insurance to provide the highest quality care." But it is
obscure to me
why "community" should mean an emphasis on quality of care rather
than, say,
careful stewardship of resources, priority for public health
measures, or
universal coverage.
SimHealth does no better a job of explaining health care policies
and proposals.
Indeed, the game is littered with crude simplifications and
outright errors of
fact. It mixes up the concepts of managed care and managed
competition, confuses
an individual's share of premiums with the coinsurance rate (the
individuals'
share of payments for covered services), and misstates the basic
arrangements
proposed in the Clinton and other proposed health plans in
Congress. The effects
of particular policies on public opinion seemed entirely arbitrary
and
capricious. I did not detect any particular political bias. But
SimHealth
contains so much misinformation that no one could possibly
understand competing
proposals and policies, much less evaluate them, on the basis of
the program. And
although SimHealth enables users to modify some assumptions, the
model is never
clearly explained and the basic architecture is beyond reach.
The oversimplified values framework and misinformation in SimHealth
could be
fixed, but the bigger problem is false pretensions. Unlike the
plainly fictional
SimCity, SimHealth claims to simulate the effects of different
real-world
proposals, which it cannot do. I suspect that if SimCity purported
to help
evaluate policies toward the homeless, it would seem equally
inadequate.
SimHealth is a case of overshoot. The Sim games generally achieve
their impact
by engaging players in concrete tasks. SimHealth, however, seeks to
engage
players in formulating policy, which is entirely different. A child
can start
playing SimCity without any conceptual understanding of urban
development. But
to choose among various policy options in SimHealth, the player
needs to
understand their relation to one another. The conceptual threshold
is too high,
and it is not clear that a game can overcome it. On the other hand,
for those who
are familiar with the elements of health policy, playing SimHealth
quickly
becomes repetitive; it lacks the complex variation and intricacy of
SimCity and
other Sim games. Once the novelty of making health policy into a
game has worn
off, I doubt SimHealth will hold much interest. It certainly has no
value in
assessing health care reform.
---
### *Simulation in Reality*
The critical problem raised by simulation is the black-box nature
of the models.
In the "real world" of policy simulation, the models are subject to
criticism and
debate, at least among professionals. Opposing sides in policy
disputes often
come armed with their own simulations, ready to fight numbers with
numbers.
However outrageously biased some of these may be, there is nothing
remarkable or
offensive about the practice--it is simply one aspect of today's
pursuit of
politics by other means.
The troubling questions, in my view, concern the use of simulation
as an element
of statecraft. In principle, models used for official purposes are
more open to
scrutiny than are those in the private sector, and that is
enormously important.
Within and across the branches of the federal government, the
validity of the
models and assumptions is subject to intense scrutiny, and a strong
sense of
professionalism limits political manipulation. However, to most
participants in
policy debates as well as the public at large, the models are
opaque. Only a few
can penetrate the black box and understand what is inside. This has
two opposite
effects. At a conscious level, many people are distrustful of
official
projections, like much else about government. In practice, however,
the numbers
take on immense importance. As a result, those who have technical
authority over
the black boxes acquire an extraordinary degree of influence in the
political
process. And technical authority matters because the outcome of
simulations often
depends on what is assumed in the first place.
There is no obvious remedy to the black-box problem, and it affects
conservatives
as much as liberals. Conservatives who are wary of planning still
depend on
large-scale models for budgetary projections. Indeed, the most
recent version of
the balanced- budget amendment would require Congress to balance
not actual
outlays and receipts but projections of future streams. Since those
projections
would be produced through computer simulations, the amendment would
give
unprecedented authority to whoever served as official simulator--a
role that
sounds like the modern equivalent of court magician, and perhaps
is.
The official simulator today, CBO director Robert Reischauer, may
now be as
powerful a figure as any member of Congress. The CBO has no veto
over
legislation, but it has a power that is nearly as great--the power
to "score"
legislation to determine compliance with budget rules and future
effects on the
deficit. When someone in Washington today claims savings for a
proposed change
in national policy, people ask not whether the savings are real but
rather, "Are
they scoreable?" This aspect of national policy has all the
features of a game
with arcane rules and assumptions. (One of the staff economists at
the Council
of Economic Advisers joked last year that after leaving he would
write a
kiss-and-tell book called *How to Score in Washington*.)
From the formative stages of policymaking, the effects are
substantial. For the
past several years, the CBO has cast a broad shadow over the debate
about health
care reform. Among the cognoscenti, cost-containment proposals have
been
classified in two ways--"scoreable" and "unscoreable"--depending on
whether the
CBO was likely to smile or frown. The prospect that the CBO would
frown on a
policy and deem it "unscoreable" has been a grave, sometimes fatal
strike against
it.
When the CBO finally made its report on the Clinton health plan, it
was
front-page news, and again the black-box problem was apparent. Now
it was time
to hear the score, though few understood what went into it. The
president's
critics heralded Reischauer for saying that premiums paid to health
alliances
should be counted in federal receipts (albeit as an "off-budget"
item) and that
the plan would raise the federal deficit by $70 billion in the
years prior to
2004 before reducing it. It almost did not matter that the CBO
estimated a
near-term increase in the federal deficit in part because it
projected larger
savings to state and local government (indeed, recapturing those
savings for the
Treasury would make the plan virtually budget-neutral). Nor did
conservatives who
were praising Reischauer seem to appreciate the implications of
CBO's general
view of cost containment. While casting a skeptical eye on the
market-oriented
measures generally favored by conservatives, CBO has endorsed the
effectiveness
of regulatory measures that conservatives dislike. CBO accepted the
Clinton
premium caps as 100 percent effective. It has favorably assessed
the impact of
single-payer plans, particularly on administrative costs. This is
by no means to
say that CBO's judgments will be decisive, only that they have come
to hold
unprecedented influence.
CBO has emerged as a power center as the influence of Congress has
grown relative
to the executive branch over the past two decades. But CBO has also
become a
force in its own right, apart from the Congress, because of the
predominance and
persistence of budgetary issues in national politics and the search
by the
Congress to find ways to bind itself, like Ulysses to the mast, to
resist strong
impulses within. The official simulator is now called upon to
provide not just
clairvoyance but collective self-discipline. The discipline will
hold only if the
simulations do--only if there is one authoritative mechanism for
defining the
future in the present. The power of CBO has become an institutional
necessity.
In
the wider world, there is no comparable imperative to find a
single mechanism
for simulating alternative policies and theories. If there must be
black boxes,
at least we should have many of them to discourage faith in any
one. Even better,
we need to open up the boxes by making the models more
transparent.
Transparency ought to become both the objective of simulation
designers and a
critical basis for judging their success. Richard Duke--the pioneer
who first
introduced computers into urban simulation games in the 1960s--is
now deeply
skeptical about models embedded in computers that oblige the user
simply to
accept an outcome as valid. Currently a professor at the University
of Michigan
and president of the International Simulation and Gaming
Association, Duke says,
"If a simulation hides the model, it's of little interest to me. If
a simulation
exposes the model, I'm much more interested." His own work now
emphasizes
role-playing policy simulation exercises that allow different
players to engage
each other, not just a black-box model. Besides allowing
participants to practice
skills in negotiation and group problem solving, the role-playing
approach is
much less deterministic: it introduces an unpredictable element of
human choice
into simulation games.
Computer simulation games with many simultaneous players linked
through the
Internet may also introduce more unpredictability. Moreover, as
computer games
become more elaborate and widely used, their sheer multiplication
and increasing
plasticity may promote a healthy skepticism about their predictive
power. Playing
with simulation is one way to see its limits as well as its
possibilities.
For better or worse, simulation is no mere fad. Indeed, to think of
simulation
games as mere entertainment or even as teaching tools is to
underestimate them.
They represent a major addition to the intellectual repertoire that
will
increasingly shape how we communicate ideas and think through
problems. The
advent of this new medium has escaped the attention of cultural
critics because
it has come in the form of children's games. But the computer
simulation game is
an art form; when combined with three-dimensional graphics and
sound, it is an
extraordinarily powerful one. We shall be working and thinking in
SimCity for a
long time.
| http://www.princeton.edu/~starr/17star.html |
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<h2>Fun</h2>
<table><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="fun/park.html"><b>A Random Walk in the Park</b></a></td>
<td>I try to get a bit more exercise - how well do I succeed?</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="fun/rowsthree.html"><b>The Rows Three Garden</b></a></td>
<td>A collection of line of 3 configurations.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="fun/wiggly.html"><b>The Problem of the Right Wiggly Triangles</b></a></td>
<td>F+V=E+2 to the rescue?</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="fun/cannon.html"><b>The Problem of the Bouncing Cannon Balls</b></a></td>
<td>Use turns to solve a straight line motion.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="talks/index.html"><b>Talks to the U3A Maths Group</b></a></td>
<td>PDFs of various PowerPoint presentations.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="hypermodel/tesseract.html"><b>Tesseract</b></a></td>
<td>An interactive hypercube as viewed by a 4D eye.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="pancursal/index.html"><b>Pancursal Track Layout</b></a></td>
<td>Laying wooden railway track so the engine goes everywhere.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="meccano/models.html"><b>Meccano</b></a></td>
<td>A few models I've managed to photo.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="meccano/view3d.html"><b>3D Viewer</b></a></td>
<td>Forget about those 3D specs, use Meccano and some potentiometers.</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="http://www.bracknellreelclub.org.uk/index.html"><b>Bracknell Reel Club</b></a></td>
<td>Scottish Country Dancing. (I run this site plus <a href="http://rscds-bhs.org.uk">RSCDS Berks/Hants/Surry Border Branch</a>)</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><a href="fun/jokes.html"><b>Jokes</b></a></td>
<td>Some jokes of mine</td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><u><b>Offsite</b></u></td>
</tr><tr valign=top>
<td><b><a href="https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Fano/">
Who was Fano anyway?</a></b></td>
<td>Gino Fano the mathematician</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h2>Some Interesting Projects I've Worked on</h2>
<h4><a href="history/DAP.html">DAP- A Distributed Array Processor</a>
<br><a href="history/SCAFS.html">SCAFS - A Relational Database Search Accelerator</a>
<br><a href="history/hcab.html">HCAB - Hierarchic Cabbage</a>
<br><a href="history/scs.html">Cartoon by Jack Kirwan</a>
<br><a href="history/phone.html">P1100 - A mobile phone with Java</a>
</h4>
<h3>Other Stuff</h3>
<a href="ludgate/index.html"><b>Ludgate's Analytical Machine</b></a>
Could it really have been built?
<br><a href="history/WWcomp.html"><b>The Wireless World computer</b></a>,
much more primitive than a Sinclair Mk14 or a Nascom!
<br><a href="history/sys10.html"><b>The Singer System 10</b></a>,
one of the last decimal machines?
<br><a href="paper/jump.html"><b>Branch prediction</b></a>,
see how to pack information into a single bit!
<br><a href="paper/cake.html"><b>Cake Cutting with Full Knowledge</b></a>
<br>Describes a protocol for two people to share out a resource in any given
ratio when both know exactly how much the other values each part of it.
I thought I'd thought of a protocol for more than 2 but I made a mistake
so the newer papers have been removed.
<p>
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<img src="fano.gif" align=middle width=63 height=53 alt="fano logo">
<td>
David McQuillan<br>
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Fano Home page
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## Fun
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [**A Random Walk in the Park**](fun/park.html) | I try to get a bit more exercise - how well do I succeed? |
| [**The Rows Three Garden**](fun/rowsthree.html) | A collection of line of 3 configurations. |
| [**The Problem of the Right Wiggly Triangles**](fun/wiggly.html) | F+V=E+2 to the rescue? |
| [**The Problem of the Bouncing Cannon Balls**](fun/cannon.html) | Use turns to solve a straight line motion. |
| [**Talks to the U3A Maths Group**](talks/index.html) | PDFs of various PowerPoint presentations. |
| [**Tesseract**](hypermodel/tesseract.html) | An interactive hypercube as viewed by a 4D eye. |
| [**Pancursal Track Layout**](pancursal/index.html) | Laying wooden railway track so the engine goes everywhere. |
| [**Meccano**](meccano/models.html) | A few models I've managed to photo. |
| [**3D Viewer**](meccano/view3d.html) | Forget about those 3D specs, use Meccano and some potentiometers. |
| [**Bracknell Reel Club**](http://www.bracknellreelclub.org.uk/index.html) | Scottish Country Dancing. (I run this site plus [RSCDS Berks/Hants/Surry Border Branch](http://rscds-bhs.org.uk)) |
| [**Jokes**](fun/jokes.html) | Some jokes of mine |
| **Offsite** |
| **[Who was Fano anyway?](https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/Fano/)** | Gino Fano the mathematician |
## Some Interesting Projects I've Worked on
#### [DAP- A Distributed Array Processor](history/DAP.html)
[SCAFS - A Relational Database Search Accelerator](history/SCAFS.html)
[HCAB - Hierarchic Cabbage](history/hcab.html)
[Cartoon by Jack Kirwan](history/scs.html)
[P1100 - A mobile phone with Java](history/phone.html)
### Other Stuff
[**Ludgate's Analytical Machine**](ludgate/index.html)
Could it really have been built?
[**The Wireless World computer**](history/WWcomp.html),
much more primitive than a Sinclair Mk14 or a Nascom!
[**The Singer System 10**](history/sys10.html),
one of the last decimal machines?
[**Branch prediction**](paper/jump.html),
see how to pack information into a single bit!
[**Cake Cutting with Full Knowledge**](paper/cake.html)
Describes a protocol for two people to share out a resource in any given
ratio when both know exactly how much the other values each part of it.
I thought I'd thought of a protocol for more than 2 but I made a mistake
so the newer papers have been removed.
| | |
| --- | --- |
| fano logo
David McQuillan
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<p>The Blue OS Museum is a collaborative effort to review every build of Windows and MS-DOS, as well as document other GUIs and OEM recovery discs.</p>
<p>This website is still incomplete, but most of the reviews should be fully accessible.</p>
<p>We archive numerous videos of old Microsoft-related stuff for your viewing pleasure. <a href="videos/index.php">Check out the video index!</a></p>
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<center><p><font size="+2"><b><i>Windows Betas</i></b></font></p>
<table border="3">
<tr>
<td>
<a href="1/index.php"><img src="1.jpg" border="0" alt="Windows 1.0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="2/index.php"><img src="2.jpg" border="0" alt="Windows 2.0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="3/index.php"><img src="3.jpg" border="0" alt="Windows 3.0"></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="chicago/index.php"><img src="chicago.jpg" border="0" alt="Chicago"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="memphis/index.php"><img src="memphis.jpg" border="0" alt="Memphis"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="millennium/index.php"><img src="millennium.jpg" border="0" alt="Millennium"></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="nt5/index.php"><img src="nt5.jpg" border="0" alt="Windows NT 5.0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="whistler/index.php"><img src="whistler.jpg" border="0" alt="Whistler"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="longhorn/index.php"><img src="longhorn.jpg" border="0" alt="Longhorn"></a>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p><font size="+2"><b><i>OEMs</i></b></font></p>
<table border="3">
<tr>
<td>
<a href="oem/acer/index.php"><img src="acer.jpg" alt="Acer" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/centerprise/index.php"><img src="centerprise.jpg" alt="Centerprise" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/compaq/index.php"><img src="compaq.jpg" alt="Compaq" border="0"></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="oem/compusa/index.php"><img src="compusa.jpg" alt="CompUSA" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/emachines/index.php"><img src="emachines.jpg" alt="eMachines" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/hp/index.php"><img src="hp.jpg" alt="Hewlett-Packard" border="0"></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="oem/ibm/index.php"><img src="ibm.jpg" alt="IBM" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/packardbell/index.php"><img src="packardbell.jpg" alt="Packard Bell" border="0"></a>
</td>
<td>
<a href="oem/sony/index.php"><img src="sony.jpg" alt="Sony" border="0"></a>
</td>
</tr>
</table></center>
<p>This project is operated with contributions by Blue Horizon, gv3u, gogo2, Lace, and Lucas Brooks.<br>Additional thanks goes to the aforementioned for their motivational support and keeping this project going.</p>
<p><a><img src="blueos_button.gif" alt="Blue OS Museum"></a></p>
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Copyright © 2017-2023 Blue OS Museum<br>This project was first started on December 11, 2017
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|
The Blue OS Museum
|
The Blue OS Museum
The Blue OS Museum is a collaborative effort to review every build of Windows and MS-DOS, as well as document other GUIs and OEM recovery discs.
This website is still incomplete, but most of the reviews should be fully accessible.
We archive numerous videos of old Microsoft-related stuff for your viewing pleasure. [Check out the video index!](videos/index.php)
Six Years
***Windows Betas***
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [Windows 1.0](1/index.php) | [Windows 2.0](2/index.php) | [Windows 3.0](3/index.php) |
| [Chicago](chicago/index.php) | [Memphis](memphis/index.php) | [Millennium](millennium/index.php) |
| [Windows NT 5.0](nt5/index.php) | [Whistler](whistler/index.php) | [Longhorn](longhorn/index.php) |
***OEMs***
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [Acer](oem/acer/index.php) | [Centerprise](oem/centerprise/index.php) | [Compaq](oem/compaq/index.php) |
| [CompUSA](oem/compusa/index.php) | [eMachines](oem/emachines/index.php) | [Hewlett-Packard](oem/hp/index.php) |
| [IBM](oem/ibm/index.php) | [Packard Bell](oem/packardbell/index.php) | [Sony](oem/sony/index.php) |
This project is operated with contributions by Blue Horizon, gv3u, gogo2, Lace, and Lucas Brooks.Additional thanks goes to the aforementioned for their motivational support and keeping this project going.
Blue OS Museum
Copyright © 2017-2023 Blue OS MuseumThis project was first started on December 11, 2017
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| http://blueosmuseum.com/ |
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<title>Hitchcock `s PSYCHO Home Page</title>
<title>Hitchcock 's Psycho cult movie</title>
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<p align="center">
<a href="http://www.spedia.net/cgi-bin/dir/tz.cgi?run=show_svc&fl=8&vid=159384">
<img src="http://www.spedia.net/imgs/spb.gif" border=0 alt="Make Cash on the Net"></a>
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<h1 align="center"><img src="psydef.jpg" alt="Alfred Hitchcock 's Psycho home page" width="598" height="107"> </h1>
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<h1><img src="welcome.gif" alt="Welcome to Alfred Hitchcock 's PSYCHO page on the web!" WIDTH="585" HEIGHT="22"></h1>
<p><img src="line1.gif" alt="-------------------------------------------------------------" align="bottom" WIDTH="575" HEIGHT="8"></p>
<p><img src="s_x_psyc.gif" align="right" hspace="0" alt="The Master during the first day of the shooting of Psycho" WIDTH="202" HEIGHT="258"> </p>
<p> <br>
<a href="text.html"><img src="infosm.gif" border="0" alt="Psycho (textual) informations" WIDTH="223" HEIGHT="18"></a>
<ul>
<li><tt>The cast, trivia, essays and more !</tt> </li>
</ul>
<p><br>
<a href="images.html"><img src="imagessm.gif" border="0" alt="Psycho Images and movies" WIDTH="255" HEIGHT="18"></a>
<ul>
<li><tt>Images of all sizes and some wonderful movies.</tt> </li>
</ul>
<p><br>
<a href="sounds.html"><img src="soundssm.gif" border="0" alt="Psycho Sounds" WIDTH="158" HEIGHT="18"></a>
<ul>
<li><tt>Norman`s quotes, his mother`s voice...</tt> </li>
</ul>
<p><a href="http://us.imdb.com/M/title-exact?Psycho%20%281960%29"><img src="votesm.gif" border="0" alt="Vote here for Psycho" WIDTH="234" HEIGHT="18"></a><br>
<ul>
<li><tt>At the Internet Movie Database.</tt></li>
</ul>
<p><br>
<a href="vrml.html"><img src="vrmlsm.gif" border="0" alt="Explore this site in 3D" WIDTH="234" HEIGHT="18"></a>
<ul>
<li><tt>The new web frontier: 3d worlds with <a href="http://www.sdsc.edu/vrml/">VRML.</a></tt></li>
</ul>
<p><a href="link.html"><img src="linkssm.gif" border="0" alt="Links to the world of the master" WIDTH="363" HEIGHT="15"></a><br>
</p>
<p><img src="line1.gif" alt="-------------------------------------------------------------" align="bottom" WIDTH="575" HEIGHT="8"></p>
<p align="center"><img src="inprogre.gif" align="left" hspace="0" WIDTH="41" HEIGHT="40"> Like all web pages,
these documents are still under construction. All suggestions are welcomed ! Please send
comments, criticisms and suggestions to<a href="mailto:[email protected]"> Andrea Balzarini.</a>
<br>
</p>
<p align="center">See what does people think of my work reading my <a href="visitor.html"><b>guestbook,<br>
</b></a>and contribute to it leaving your <a href="guestbook.html">comments </a>! </p>
<!--<p align="center">This page has been accessed <img src="/cgi-bin/counter/" align="bottom"> times since 15 sept. `95. </p>-->
<p align="center">Andrea Balzarini<br>
at<i> [email protected]</i> Genoa - Italy <br>
+39-02-26308430</p>
<p align="center">Something <a href="aboutme.html">about me.</a></p>
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Hitchcock `s PSYCHO Home Page
Hitchcock 's Psycho cult movie
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We will not be held responsible for any unwanted effects due to the
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for any specific application are given or implied.
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Hacked for CNNfn by RD, Jan. 31, 1996
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[](http://www.spedia.net/cgi-bin/dir/tz.cgi?run=show_svc&fl=8&vid=159384)
# Alfred Hitchcock 's Psycho home page
# Welcome to Alfred Hitchcock 's PSYCHO page on the web!
[](text.html)
* The cast, trivia, essays and more !
[](images.html)
* Images of all sizes and some wonderful movies.
[](sounds.html)
* Norman`s quotes, his mother`s voice...
[](http://us.imdb.com/M/title-exact?Psycho%20%281960%29)
* At the Internet Movie Database.
[](vrml.html)
* The new web frontier: 3d worlds with [VRML.](http://www.sdsc.edu/vrml/)
[](link.html)
 Like all web pages,
these documents are still under construction. All suggestions are welcomed ! Please send
comments, criticisms and suggestions to [Andrea Balzarini.](mailto:[email protected])
See what does people think of my work reading my [**guestbook,**](visitor.html)and contribute to it leaving your [comments](guestbook.html) !
Andrea Balzarini
at *[email protected]* Genoa - Italy
+39-02-26308430
Something [about me.](aboutme.html)
[](http://www.america.net/kal_latest.html) [](http://www.geocities.com/cgi-bin/main/homestead/homeday.html)[](http://cgi2.fxweb.com/v2-openstat.cgi?userid=H49076&password2=public&show=DHGg)
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| https://www.antenna-theory.com/definitions/main.php |
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<HEAD>
<TITLE>MAN AND THE UNKNOWN: WEBSITE, Paranormal voices, UFOs, New Age, Javanese mysticism, survival after death, religion, Javanese mysticism, psychology of sects, future, art, cinematographica</TITLE>
<META NAME="description" CONTENT="Original introductions to little known (paranormal) subjects. Philosophical essays on the meaning of life and the paranormal">
<META NAME="keywords" CONTENT="MICHAEL ROGGE, WEBSITE, UFO, flying saucer, SPACETRAVEL,UAP, PHILOSOPHY,MYSTICISM, MYSTERIES, UNKNOWN, PARAPSYCHOLOGY, PARANORMAL VOICES, SOCIETY,FUTURE,SOUND CLIPS, NEW AGE,SPIRITUAL, SPIRITUALITY,PSYCHOLOGY, PARAPSYCHOLOGY,MIND, SECTS, PREDICTIONS, PROPHECIES, AFTERLIFE, LIFE AFTER DEATH, CATASTROPHE, SUICIDE, HEAVENS GATE, JAVANESE MYSTICISM, MYSTICISM,SUBUD,CHANNELING, SPIRITUALISM, ART, SCULPTURE, ESSAYS,WISDOM, LIFE, LIVING, COLLECTING, GOD, MEDITATION,ISLAM,CHRISTIANITY, QURAN,MUHAMMAD, TERRORISM, DA VINCI CODE, YOUTUBE, CLIPS,zin van het leven,meaning of life">
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<P></P>
<!--Original introductions dealing with little explored mysteries and the inner life of man. Subjects range from paranormal voices (sound clips), life after death, parapsychology, New Age, Javanese mysticism,psychology of spiritual movements, spiritualism, channeling, Subud to modern Dutch art
-->
<TABLE ALIGN=RIGHT>
<CAPTION ALIGN=BOTTOM>Nederlandse paginas</CAPTION>
<TR>
<TD>
<A HREF="indexNL.html"><IMG SRC="nlflag.gif"></A></TD></TR></TABLE><BR CLEAR=ALL>
<P>Hello,</P>
<P>The following is a summary of various subjects of articles on this site.
The object of these pages is a call for understanding of some little known spiritual and cultural aspects of life. By widening our horizon respect may grow for the multitude of facets of truth. The wider our frame of reference the more we may see that clinging to a onesided point of view will lead to fundamentalism and extremism, be it in religious belief, or atheist scepticism.</P>
<P>The subjects range from philosophical musings on the meaning of life, paranormal voices (with sound clips), UFOs with clippings, Javanese mysticism, parapsychology to modern Dutch art. But foremost these original introductions deal with intriguing mysteries and the inner life of man. Please click on the various headings for full information.<BR>
I am confident that the attentive and open-minded reader will find somewhere hidden in these pages a key or link that may open up new vistas in his/her life.</P>
<P>Students may find in them a starting point for a not so run-of-the-mill essay.</P> For foreign visitors a number of <A HREF="links.html#manandu"><B>translations</B></A> have been provided.</P>
<P>This is a non-sponsored, independent, non-commercial website. You will not be besieged by nasty pop-up ads, nor spyware being installed behind your back.<BR>
The articles are revised and enlarged continuously, so keep returning to them! Over twelve million people of more than a hundred countries have already read one of the following articles and more than140 million viewed my 1250 YouTube clips of the world in bygone days. The articles have been translated in more than 15 languages, see <A HREF="links.html"> my links page.</A></P>
<P>Michael Rogge</P>
<CENTER><P>
</P></CENTER>
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=4 CELLPADDING=6 BGCOLOR="#336699" BORDERCOLOR="#FF3399">
<TR>
<TD align=left FONT COLOR="#CC3299">
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER><FONT COLOR="black"><FONT SIZE=+2> SUBJECTS OF INTEREST:</FONT>
</H3>
<P>Click on the following subjects dealt with on this website to get a short summary of them:
<FACE="Britannic Bold"><UL>
<LI><A HREF="#My vision">My vision</A>
<LI><A HREF="#SSA">Did you ever have a spontaneous spiritual experience ? </A>
<LI><A HREF="#harnessing">Harnessing the unconsciousness</A>
<li><A HREF="#musings">Musings on God and ultimate reality</A>
<li><a href="#voices">Paranormal voices</a>
<li><a href="#presence'>The presence phenomenon</a>
<li><a href="#para">Parapsychology and personal survival after death</a>
<LI><a href="#UFO">The UFO enigma with 70 years of newspaper clippings</a>
<li><a href="#newage">The origins of the New Age philosophy</a>
<LI><A HREF="#christmyth">The Christ myth </A>
<LI><A HREF="#islam">Islam: Myth vs Enlightenment</A>
<li><a href="#myst">Javanese mysticism/Subud</a> </li>
<li><a href="#psych">On the psychology of spiritual movements</a>
<li><a href="#precepts">An approach to the art of living</a>
<li><a href="#21st">Failing predictions. Unsolved conflicts in 21st century's society and conditions for a breakthrough.</a>
<li><A HREF="#cine">Collecting vintage movie apparatus</A>
<li><a href="#art">Sculpture, art objects</a>
<li><a href="#auto">Video clips, photo's and engravings of the Far East and Europe from 1865 till 2011</A>
<li><a href="#index">Index, awards, links, bookmarks....</a>
<li><a href="links.html">Summary of all pages and translations on this website</A>
</li></UL></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE></CENTER><P></P>
<audio autoplay="autoplay" controls="controls">
<source src="HK AWAKENING.MP3" type="audio/mpeg">
</audio><HR>
<P></P>
<A NAME="My vision"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="My Vision.jpg" width="80" height="120"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="My vision.html"><H3>My vision (click here)</H3></A></P>
My vision ends with an appeal to the younger generation: Realize that you are a wonder in the universe ! So far astronomers have not discovered any proof that there are intelligent beings like us in the known universe (although it is most likely there are). We are the only species that can observe the cosmos and may be one day assert influence on it. Mankind is on a great journey of unparalelled dimensions and significance. Feel part of it, if you can. Mankind united is on a pathway of endeavour. Trust your innate potentialities, qualities and faculties that lay dormant in yourselves. The more you open yourselves, also to your fellowmen, the more you will receive..</P>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="SSA"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="brains two.jpg" width="120" height="80"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="Cosmic consciousness.html"><H3>
Did you ever have a spontaneous spiritual experience?</H3></A></P>
I did and many of my friends too. It is an important phenomenon happening often to persons in their twenties. It will influence their future lives, but they do not dare to speak about it for fear of being considered weird. Read more about this common, yet little known miracle.
</P>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="harnessing"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="brains two.jpg" width="120" height="80"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="harnessing consciousness.html"><H3>Harnessing consciousness (click here)</H3></A></P>
The story of electricity makes it clear that major discoveries, once overlooked, were preceded by numerous observations. The same may apply to paranormal phenomena. Do we have to wait for an inquisitive genius like Leonardo da Vinci to discover the unknown powers of the mind ?
</P>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="musings"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="musingstxt.jpg" width="100" height="70"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="musings.html"><H3>Reflections on man in the universe (click here)</H3></A></P>
My vision after seventy years of study is that the universe is one grand organism with conscious, spiritual and divine layers. We see only the outer physical shell with its laws and properties. However, our organism seems rooted in multi-layered inner dimensions, undeveloped as yet. Although we experience mainly the physical part we have the potential of developing our contact with the inner layers, reaching towards the Divine.
<P>I have gathered my random musings on various subjects on this webpage. Subjects touch on the nature and meaning of life, coïncidence, injustice, suffering, etc. without trying to be dogmatic.</P>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<A NAME="voices"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8><TR><TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="raudicon.jpg" width="121" height="111"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/dirvoic3.html"><H3>PARANORMAL VOICES
(click here for further info)</H3></A></P>
<P>An astounding phenomenon is explored, that of the independent direct
voice manifesting in space. Voices of people
who say they once lived on earth. They tell how they experienced their deaths
and what happened afterwards. <BR>
Paranormal voices are not restricted to the seance-room and do not always
require a medium. They may be registered on tape by everyone (EVP).</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><P></P>
<TABLE BORDER=10>
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/deathnoe.html"><H3>DEATH NO END (click here
for further info)</H3></A> </P>
<P>For years a British couple has recorded paranormal voices with British
medium Leslie Flint. These so-called direct voices were not spoken by the
medium but manifested in space near him.
The communicators tell what happened after they died and of their life now. Audio clips of the voices of
<I>Ellen Terry </I>,
<A HREF="oswilde.html"><B> <I>Oscar Wilde</I></B></A>
,<A HREF="chopin.html"><I><B> Chopin</I></B></A>,
<A HREF="gandhi.html"><I><B> Mahatma
Gandhi</B></I></A> and other persons who describe their passing over are provided. On companion pages Real Audio clips are available.<BR>
<UL><LI>
Cher lecteur francais: je vous invite de lire ma page:
<A HREF="voixdir.html"><B>Le phénomène des voix directes
de Leslie Flint</B></A>
<LI>Nederlandse bezoekers: <A HREF="deathnoe_nl.html"><B>Paranormale Stemmen</B></A>
<LI>Deutsche Lesern: bitte besuchen Sie meine Seite: <A HREF="stimmen.html"><B>Das Phänomen paranormaler Stimmen</B></A><BR>
<LI>Visitantes de las idiómas hispánicos leed: <A HREF="voces.html"><B>El fenómeno de las voces paranormales</B></A>
<LI>Lettori Italiani: <A HREF="dirvoic_it.html"><B>Voci paranormali</B></A></LI></UL>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="presence"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/presence.html"><H3>The presence-phenomenon
(click)</H3></A></P>
<P>When people meet in harmony their minds seem to fuse.
The manifestation of a presence is being felt. This may take a tangible form: voices and materializations
in the seance-room, which still take place.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><P></P>
<A NAME="UFO"></A>
<TABLE WIDTH=100% BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10>
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/UFO enigma.html"><H3>The UFO enigma with 70 years old newspaper clippings (click)</H3></A>
</P>
<P>From WW2 onward I have been interested in UFO sightings. I cut clippings from newspapers for more than 70 years. I have scanned them and am giving links to some of them. Moreover I have explored possible explanations none of which stand up to scrutiny. </P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><P></P>
<P></P><A NAME="para"></A>
<TABLE WIDTH=100% BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10>
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/paraps.html"><H3>Parapsychology and personal survival after death (click)</H3></A>
</P>
<P>All through history mankind has believed in a life beyond the grave. Yet, in modern times this belief has been shaken.
A summary of ten arguments pointing strongly to personal survival after death.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE><P></P>
<
<A NAME="newage"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="paraicon.jpg" width="98" height="184"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/newage3.html"><H3>The origins of the NEW AGE (click here)</H3> </A></P>
<P>New Age philosophy is based on ancient traditions: Gnosticism,
Alchemy, Rosicrucianism, Freemasonry, as well as Eastern philosophy.
These were blended into one belief
when Mme. Blavatsky founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. Her
approach still bore the spirit of the age. Conflicts raged over her person, miracles and
message. Yet her basic ideas of karma, reincarnation and the holographic
unity of the universe are now widely accepted.<BR>The legacy of all these traditions is sublimated in the New Age philosophy. </P>
<A HREF="newage_nl.html">Klik hier</A> voor een verkorte nederlandse versie.
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="christmyth"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" WIDTH="100%">
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="deutoronotitel.jpg" WIDTH="148" HEIGHT="114" ALIGN=LEFT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/christmyth.html"><H3>The Christ Myth (click here)</H3> </A></P>
<P>Are the assertions in Dan Brown's 'The Da Vinci Code' true? Did Jesus ever live? Is the Bible the word of God? Was Jesus a Gnostic teacher? <BR>The Jesus mystery explored.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="islam"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" WIDTH="100%">
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="moontitle.jpg" WIDTH="148" HEIGHT="114" ALIGN=LEFT></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="islam.html"><H3>Reflections on Islam (click here)</H3> </A></P>
<P>Myth versus enlightenment. A psychological approach to Islam, its myth and vague origins, its glory and decline. </P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="myst"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=9>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="krshicon.jpg" width="67" height="118"></TD></TR></TABLE><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/javmys1.html"><H3>JAVANESE MYSTICAL MOVEMENTS (click here)</H3></A>
<P>Javanese mysticism is based on age-old traditions. Their disciplines
are little known in the West. With a single exception Javanese mystical movements
have never expanded outside Indonesia. (Recommended reading by Christian Science Monitor)</P>
<P>In addition some ancient <A HREF="wirid.html"><B>Javanese mystical texts (click)</B></A> are provided with translations.</P>
<TABLE ALIGN=RIGHT>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="sonicon.jpg" width="118" height="91"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P>Read also: <A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/sonnega.html"> <I><H3> A mysterious encounter with Javanese mysticism of Dutch painter Auke Sonnega on Bali in 1950 (click here)</H3></I></A>, or for the Dutch version:<BR>
</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10>
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=9>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="subsicon.jpg" width="74" height="76"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/subud1.html"><H3>SUBUD (click here)</H3></A></P>
<P>A spiritual movement coming from Indonesia. Its members are to be found
in most countries now. Their spiritual exercise, the <I>latihan</I>, brings about a purification of man's nature, thereby enabling
him/her to receive inner guidance and communicate deep within. </P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="precepts"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<IMG SRC="monkicon.jpg" align=left width="71" height="89">
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/precepts.html"><H3>An approach to living (click)</H3></A></P>
<P>Looking back over more than sixty years of his life the author recommends golden precepts for living based on spiritual traditions blended with his own experience.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="psych"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/psymove.html"><H3>On the psychology
of spiritual movements (click)</H3></A></P>
<P>Which common psychological mechanisms are at work in groups of people,
in particular those united in spiritual movements?
The psychology of the member, the leader and the group are evaluated,
as well as the essential characteristics: doctrine, prophecy, finances, and the fate of those expelled.</P>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P><A NAME="21st"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10 BGBORDERCOLOR="#FF3399" >
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="nosticon.jpg" width="59" height="78"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/21stcent.html"><H3>Failing predictions/Society in the 21st
century (click here)</H3></A></P>
<P>Predictions such as given by Nostradamus usually fail to give an advance warning, but in hindsight contained valuable clues. Is the future predictable at all? A summary of some of the conflicts and tensions in presentday society that may influence the future.</P>
</TD><TD>In addition an article <A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/future.html">on the conditions for a breakthrough to occur. (click)</A>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P>
<P></P>
<P>
<CENTER><FONT SIZE=+3 FACE=TIMES ROMAN><I>ART & HOBBY</I></FONT></CENTER>
</P>
<A NAME="cine"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=5 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10>
<TR>
<TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR>
<TD BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="biokicon.jpg" width="99" height="118"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/cinemat.html"><H3>Cinematographica (click here)</H3>
</A></P>
<P>Read all about the exciting hobby of collecting vintage movie cameras and projectors and have a look at images of vintage equipment. A list is provided of some 3000 <A HREF="cinelist.html"><B>vintage cameras and projectors (click)</B></A><BR>
In addition read my article <A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/filmsize.html"><I><B> 'One Hundred Years of Film Sizes (click)'</B></I></A><BR>
<A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/mythe.html"><I><B> 'Who really invented the cinema?' (click)'</B></I></A> <BR>
<A HREF="acrestotal.htm"><I><B>Birt Acres - film pioneer </B></I></A>
</P>
<UL>
<LI>Deutsche Lesern <A HREF="cinemat_d.html">klicken hier</A>
<LI>Lettori italiani: <A HREF="cinemat_it.html">cliccare qui</A>
<LI>Lecteurs francais: <A HREF="cinemat_fr.html"><B>cliquez ici</B></A>
</LI></UL>
</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
<P></P><A NAME="art"></A>
<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=10>
<TR><TD align=left>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR><TD ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="corwicon.jpg" ALIGN=LEFT width="118" height="93"></TD></TR></TABLE>
<A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/corneliu.html"><H3>The Art of <I>Cornelius Rogge</I> (click here)</H3></A><BR>
<P>Cornelius Rogge is one of the foremost sculptors of the Netherlands who is represented in the mayor Dutch museums. He was appointed Officer in the Order of Oranje-Nassau and received the prestigious David Roëll award of the Prince Bernard Fund for his 45 years artistic achievement.<BR>
Click above for info and photographs of his objects.<BR>
Voor Nederlandse lezers:<A HREF="cornelin.html"> recensies van het werk van deze kunstenaar (klik)</A><HR>
<A NAME="auto"></A>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR><TD ALIGN=LEFT BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="yscameraAwaji.jpg" ALIGN=LEFT width="100" height="116"></TD>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<A HREF="http://www.youtube.com/profile_videos?user=MichaelRogge"><H3><I>Video clips on YouTube</I> </H3></A><BR>
<P>On YouTube you may find some 1250 video clips amongst others from films I took in Hong Kong, Japan and Europe half a century ago. Also included are digitalised travelfilms of bygone days by other makers, as well as of subjects of particular interest.</P><HR>
<TABLE ALIGN=LEFT CELLSPACING=8>
<TR><TD ALIGN=RIGHT BGCOLOR="#63b8ff">
<IMG SRC="ysportret48.jpg" ALIGN=RIGHT width="100" height="136">
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<H3>AUTOBIOGRAPHY</H3>
<P><A HREF="http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/links.html#AUTO">Autobiographical photo's for the period 1929-1961</A></P>
</TD></TR></TABLE>
<HR>
<A NAME="index"></A></TD></TR></TABLE><P>
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2><TR><TD>
<P><A HREF="register.html">
<IMG SRC="indxicon.gif" ALT="index" width="227" height="38"><B>TO SUBJECTS AND NAMES TO BE FOUND<BR>
<CENTER> ON THIS WEBSITE (click)</B></A></CENTER></TD></TR>
</TABLE></CENTER></P><P></P>
<CENTER><TABLE BORDER=6 CELLPADDING=6 CELLSPACING=10 WIDTH="75%"><TR><TD ALIGN=LEFT>
<TD ALIGN=MIDDLE><CENTER><A HREF="links.html"><H3>LINKS</H3></CENTER></A>
<CENTER><FONT="+3">Spiritual and other</FONT></CENTER></TD>
<TD ALIGN=RIGHT><CENTER><A HREF="links.html#manandu"><CENTER><B>SUMMARY and TRANSLATED pages<BR>MAN AND THE UNKNOWN</B></A></CENTER></TD></TR></TABLE></CENTER>
<P>
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<P>Responses are welcome. Email to: [email protected] but delete the word NOSPAM from the address (I get more spam and viruses than actual email!) in English, Dutch, French, German, or Spanish.</P>
<P><BR>
<B>Appeal:</B> Who would be willing to contribute to this site by translating a page in French, German, Spanish, or ....?
</P>
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<TABLE BORDER=2 CELLPADDING=2 CELLSPACING=4 WIDTH="90%"><CAPTION ALIGN=TOP><H1><I>AWARDS</I></H1></CAPTION>
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<A HREF="http://www.AvatarSearch.com/index.html">
<IMG SRC="mystsite.jpg" BORDER=0 align=left width="198" height="79"></A></TD>
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<A HREF=//www.queendom.com/psyclub.html">
<IMG SRC="psy_claw.gif" border=0 align=left width="106" height="74">Web Psychological Club Award </A></TD>
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<TD><IMG SRC="critical2.gif" BORDER=0 HEIGHT=100 WIDTH=85 ALT="CM
award"></A></TD>
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<P>Created: 1 March 1996. Latest update: 6 December 2023
</P>
<P><A HREF="https://www.facebook.com/ManandtheUnknown">Facebook website 'Man and the Unknown'</A><BR>
<a href="mailto:?&subject=Interesting site&body=I saw this site on internet and thought that you might be interested: MAN AND THE UNKNOWN, http://www.xs4all.nl/~wichm/"><b>Tell a friend about this site by clicking here.</b></A></P>
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HEIGHT="20" WIDTH="60"></P>
<A HREF="#top"><IMG SRC="topbutton.gif" width="96" height="49"></A>
<P><I>(photo Vondelpark. Amsterdam, © Michael Rogge)</I></P><HR>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<CENTER><H4>Click on subject</H4></CENTER>
<P><CENTER>
<A HREF="dirvoic3.html">| Paranormal voices |</A>
<A HREF="links.html#CLIP">| paranormal sound clips |</A>
<A HREF="https://www.youtube.com/user/MichaelRogge">| My 1250 video clips on YouTube | </A>
<A HREF="links.html#FOREIGN">| foreign language pages |</A><BR>
<A HREF="links.html#DUTCH">| Dutch pages |</A>
<A HREF="links.html">| Links | </A>
<A HREF="javmys1.html">| Javanese mysticism |</A>
<A HREF="subud1.html">| Subud |</A>
<A HREF="newage3.html">| New Age |</A>
<A HREF="christmyth.html">| The Christ myth |</A><BR>
<A HREF="islam.html">| Islam, myth versus enlightenment |</A>
<A HREF="paraps.html">| parapsychology |</A>
<A HREF="psymove.html">| group psychology |</A>
<A HREF="21stcent.html">| failing predictions |</A>
<A HREF="precepts.html">| precepts for living |</A><BR>
<A HREF="cinemat.html">| cinematography |</A>
<A HREF="links.html#ART">| art |</A>
<A HREF="register.html">| index |</A>
<A HREF="links.html"> |Index to all pages on this site</A>
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MAN AND THE UNKNOWN: WEBSITE, Paranormal voices, UFOs, New Age, Javanese mysticism, survival after death, religion, Javanese mysticism, psychology of sects, future, art, cinematographica
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> Nederlandse paginas| |
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> Hello,
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> The following is a summary of various subjects of articles on this site.
> The object of these pages is a call for understanding of some little known spiritual and cultural aspects of life. By widening our horizon respect may grow for the multitude of facets of truth. The wider our frame of reference the more we may see that clinging to a onesided point of view will lead to fundamentalism and extremism, be it in religious belief, or atheist scepticism.
>
>
> The subjects range from philosophical musings on the meaning of life, paranormal voices (with sound clips), UFOs with clippings, Javanese mysticism, parapsychology to modern Dutch art. But foremost these original introductions deal with intriguing mysteries and the inner life of man. Please click on the various headings for full information.
>
> I am confident that the attentive and open-minded reader will find somewhere hidden in these pages a key or link that may open up new vistas in his/her life.
>
>
> Students may find in them a starting point for a not so run-of-the-mill essay.
>
> For foreign visitors a number of [**translations**](links.html#manandu) have been provided.
> This is a non-sponsored, independent, non-commercial website. You will not be besieged by nasty pop-up ads, nor spyware being installed behind your back.
>
> The articles are revised and enlarged continuously, so keep returning to them! Over twelve million people of more than a hundred countries have already read one of the following articles and more than140 million viewed my 1250 YouTube clips of the world in bygone days. The articles have been translated in more than 15 languages, see [my links page.](links.html)
>
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> Michael Rogge
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> | --- |
> | SUBJECTS OF INTEREST:
>
> Click on the following subjects dealt with on this website to get a short summary of them:
> * [My vision](#My vision)* [Did you ever have a spontaneous spiritual experience ?](#SSA) * [Harnessing the unconsciousness](#harnessing)* [Musings on God and ultimate reality](#musings)* [Paranormal voices](#voices)* [Parapsychology and personal survival after death](#presence'>The presence phenomenon</a>
> <li><a href=)* [The UFO enigma with 70 years of newspaper clippings](#UFO)* [The origins of the New Age philosophy](#newage)* [The Christ myth](#christmyth) * [Islam: Myth vs Enlightenment](#islam)* [Javanese mysticism/Subud](#myst)
> * [On the psychology of spiritual movements](#psych)* [An approach to the art of living](#precepts)* [Failing predictions. Unsolved conflicts in 21st century's society and conditions for a breakthrough.](#21st)* [Collecting vintage movie apparatus](#cine)* [Sculpture, art objects](#art)* [Video clips, photo's and engravings of the Far East and Europe from 1865 till 2011](#auto)* [Index, awards, links, bookmarks....](#index)* [Summary of all pages and translations on this website](links.html)
> |
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> ---
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [My vision (click here)](My vision.html)
> My vision ends with an appeal to the younger generation: Realize that you are a wonder in the universe ! So far astronomers have not discovered any proof that there are intelligent beings like us in the known universe (although it is most likely there are). We are the only species that can observe the cosmos and may be one day assert influence on it. Mankind is on a great journey of unparalelled dimensions and significance. Feel part of it, if you can. Mankind united is on a pathway of endeavour. Trust your innate potentialities, qualities and faculties that lay dormant in yourselves. The more you open yourselves, also to your fellowmen, the more you will receive.. |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Did you ever have a spontaneous spiritual experience?](Cosmic consciousness.html)
> I did and many of my friends too. It is an important phenomenon happening often to persons in their twenties. It will influence their future lives, but they do not dare to speak about it for fear of being considered weird. Read more about this common, yet little known miracle.
> |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Harnessing consciousness (click here)](harnessing consciousness.html)
> The story of electricity makes it clear that major discoveries, once overlooked, were preceded by numerous observations. The same may apply to paranormal phenomena. Do we have to wait for an inquisitive genius like Leonardo da Vinci to discover the unknown powers of the mind ?
> |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Reflections on man in the universe (click here)](musings.html)
> My vision after seventy years of study is that the universe is one grand organism with conscious, spiritual and divine layers. We see only the outer physical shell with its laws and properties. However, our organism seems rooted in multi-layered inner dimensions, undeveloped as yet. Although we experience mainly the physical part we have the potential of developing our contact with the inner layers, reaching towards the Divine.
> I have gathered my random musings on various subjects on this webpage. Subjects touch on the nature and meaning of life, coïncidence, injustice, suffering, etc. without trying to be dogmatic. |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [PARANORMAL VOICES
> (click here for further info)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/dirvoic3.html)
> An astounding phenomenon is explored, that of the independent direct
> voice manifesting in space. Voices of people
> who say they once lived on earth. They tell how they experienced their deaths
> and what happened afterwards.
> Paranormal voices are not restricted to the seance-room and do not always
> require a medium. They may be registered on tape by everyone (EVP). |
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [DEATH NO END (click here
> for further info)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/deathnoe.html)
> For years a British couple has recorded paranormal voices with British
> medium Leslie Flint. These so-called direct voices were not spoken by the
> medium but manifested in space near him.
> The communicators tell what happened after they died and of their life now. Audio clips of the voices of
> *Ellen Terry* ,
> [***Oscar Wilde***](oswilde.html)
> , [***Chopin***](chopin.html),
> [***Mahatma
> Gandhi***](gandhi.html) and other persons who describe their passing over are provided. On companion pages Real Audio clips are available.
> * Cher lecteur francais: je vous invite de lire ma page:
> [**Le phénomène des voix directes
> de Leslie Flint**](voixdir.html)* Nederlandse bezoekers: [**Paranormale Stemmen**](deathnoe_nl.html)* Deutsche Lesern: bitte besuchen Sie meine Seite: [**Das Phänomen paranormaler Stimmen**](stimmen.html)* Visitantes de las idiómas hispánicos leed: [**El fenómeno de las voces paranormales**](voces.html)* Lettori Italiani: [**Voci paranormali**](dirvoic_it.html)
>
>
> |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [The presence-phenomenon
> (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/presence.html)
> When people meet in harmony their minds seem to fuse.
> The manifestation of a presence is being felt. This may take a tangible form: voices and materializations
> in the seance-room, which still take place. |
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [The UFO enigma with 70 years old newspaper clippings (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/UFO enigma.html)
>
> From WW2 onward I have been interested in UFO sightings. I cut clippings from newspapers for more than 70 years. I have scanned them and am giving links to some of them. Moreover I have explored possible explanations none of which stand up to scrutiny. |
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [Parapsychology and personal survival after death (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/paraps.html)
>
> All through history mankind has believed in a life beyond the grave. Yet, in modern times this belief has been shaken.
> A summary of ten arguments pointing strongly to personal survival after death. |
>
>
> <
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [The origins of the NEW AGE (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/newage3.html)
> New Age philosophy is based on ancient traditions: Gnosticism,
> Alchemy, Rosicrucianism, Freemasonry, as well as Eastern philosophy.
> These were blended into one belief
> when Mme. Blavatsky founded the Theosophical Society in 1875. Her
> approach still bore the spirit of the age. Conflicts raged over her person, miracles and
> message. Yet her basic ideas of karma, reincarnation and the holographic
> unity of the universe are now widely accepted.The legacy of all these traditions is sublimated in the New Age philosophy.
> [Klik hier](newage_nl.html) voor een verkorte nederlandse versie.
> |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [The Christ Myth (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/christmyth.html)
> Are the assertions in Dan Brown's 'The Da Vinci Code' true? Did Jesus ever live? Is the Bible the word of God? Was Jesus a Gnostic teacher? The Jesus mystery explored. |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Reflections on Islam (click here)](islam.html)
> Myth versus enlightenment. A psychological approach to Islam, its myth and vague origins, its glory and decline. |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | | |
> | --- | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [JAVANESE MYSTICAL MOVEMENTS (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/javmys1.html)
> Javanese mysticism is based on age-old traditions. Their disciplines
> are little known in the West. With a single exception Javanese mystical movements
> have never expanded outside Indonesia. (Recommended reading by Christian Science Monitor)
> In addition some ancient [**Javanese mystical texts (click)**](wirid.html) are provided with translations.
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> Read also: [*A mysterious encounter with Javanese mysticism of Dutch painter Auke Sonnega on Bali in 1950 (click here)*](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/sonnega.html), or for the Dutch version:
> |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [SUBUD (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/subud1.html)
> A spiritual movement coming from Indonesia. Its members are to be found
> in most countries now. Their spiritual exercise, the *latihan*, brings about a purification of man's nature, thereby enabling
> him/her to receive inner guidance and communicate deep within. |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> |
> [An approach to living (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/precepts.html)
> Looking back over more than sixty years of his life the author recommends golden precepts for living based on spiritual traditions blended with his own experience. |
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [On the psychology
> of spiritual movements (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/psymove.html)
> Which common psychological mechanisms are at work in groups of people,
> in particular those united in spiritual movements?
> The psychology of the member, the leader and the group are evaluated,
> as well as the essential characteristics: doctrine, prophecy, finances, and the fate of those expelled. |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | | |
> | --- | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Failing predictions/Society in the 21st
> century (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/21stcent.html)
> Predictions such as given by Nostradamus usually fail to give an advance warning, but in hindsight contained valuable clues. Is the future predictable at all? A summary of some of the conflicts and tensions in presentday society that may influence the future. | In addition an article [on the conditions for a breakthrough to occur. (click)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/future.html) |
>
>
>
>
>
> *ART & HOBBY*
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [Cinematographica (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/cinemat.html)
> Read all about the exciting hobby of collecting vintage movie cameras and projectors and have a look at images of vintage equipment. A list is provided of some 3000 [**vintage cameras and projectors (click)**](cinelist.html)
> In addition read my article [***'One Hundred Years of Film Sizes (click)'***](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/filmsize.html)
> [***'Who really invented the cinema?' (click)'***](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/mythe.html)
> [***Birt Acres - film pioneer***](acrestotal.htm)
> * Deutsche Lesern [klicken hier](cinemat_d.html)* Lettori italiani: [cliccare qui](cinemat_it.html)* Lecteurs francais: [**cliquez ici**](cinemat_fr.html)
> |
>
>
>
>
>
> | | | |
> | --- | --- | --- |
> |
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> [The Art of *Cornelius Rogge* (click here)](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/corneliu.html)
> Cornelius Rogge is one of the foremost sculptors of the Netherlands who is represented in the mayor Dutch museums. He was appointed Officer in the Order of Oranje-Nassau and received the prestigious David Roëll award of the Prince Bernard Fund for his 45 years artistic achievement.
> Click above for info and photographs of his objects.
> Voor Nederlandse lezers: [recensies van het werk van deze kunstenaar (klik)](cornelin.html)
>
> ---
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
> |
>
>
> [### *Video clips on YouTube*](http://www.youtube.com/profile_videos?user=MichaelRogge)
>
> On YouTube you may find some 1250 video clips amongst others from films I took in Hong Kong, Japan and Europe half a century ago. Also included are digitalised travelfilms of bygone days by other makers, as well as of subjects of particular interest.
>
>
>
> ---
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | |
>
>
> ### AUTOBIOGRAPHY
>
>
> [Autobiographical photo's for the period 1929-1961](http://wichm.home.xs4all.nl/links.html#AUTO)
>
>
>
>
>
> ---
>
>
>
>
>
> | |
> | --- |
> | [index**TO SUBJECTS AND NAMES TO BE FOUND
> ON THIS WEBSITE (click)**](register.html) |
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> | | |
> | --- | --- |
> | [LINKS](links.html)
> Spiritual and other | |
>
>
[**SUMMARY and TRANSLATED pagesMAN AND THE UNKNOWN**](links.html#manandu) |
---
Responses are welcome. Email to: [email protected] but delete the word NOSPAM from the address (I get more spam and viruses than actual email!) in English, Dutch, French, German, or Spanish.
**Appeal:** Who would be willing to contribute to this site by translating a page in French, German, Spanish, or ....?
---
# *AWARDS*
| | Suite101.com Best of Web Logo | EnchstarEnchanted Star Award | |
|>
[Web Psychological Club Award](//www.queendom.com/psyclub.html") |
| |
| | CM
award | | | |
---
Created: 1 March 1996. Latest update: 6 December 2023
[Facebook website 'Man and the Unknown'](https://www.facebook.com/ManandtheUnknown)
[**Tell a friend about this site by clicking here.**](mailto:?&subject=Interesting site&body=I saw this site on internet and thought that you might be interested: MAN AND THE UNKNOWN, http://www.xs4all.nl/~wichm/)
---
[](http://www.digits.com/)
[](#top)
*(photo Vondelpark. Amsterdam, © Michael Rogge)*
---
#### Click on subject
[| Paranormal voices |](dirvoic3.html)
[| paranormal sound clips |](links.html#CLIP)
[| My 1250 video clips on YouTube |](https://www.youtube.com/user/MichaelRogge)
[| foreign language pages |](links.html#FOREIGN)
[| Dutch pages |](links.html#DUTCH)
[| Links |](links.html)
[| Javanese mysticism |](javmys1.html)
[| Subud |](subud1.html)
[| New Age |](newage3.html)
[| The Christ myth |](christmyth.html)
[| Islam, myth versus enlightenment |](islam.html)
[| parapsychology |](paraps.html)
[| group psychology |](psymove.html)
[| failing predictions |](21stcent.html)
[| precepts for living |](precepts.html)
[| cinematography |](cinemat.html)
[| art |](links.html#ART)
[| index |](register.html)
[|Index to all pages on this site](links.html)
[| spiritual links |](links.html)
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<span class="maintitle">flat assembler</span><br>Assembly language resources.
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Welcome to the site of the flat assembler! This is a place dedicated to assembly language programming and contains many resources for both beginners and advanced assembly programmers.
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This site is constantly being improved, and hopefully you'll find here some useful resources, no matter whether you are trying to learn the assembly language, or just looking for a solution to a particular problem.
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The name of flat assembler is intentionally stylized with lowercase letters, this is a nod to its history.
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|
flat assembler
body { background-color: #A8BCE0; }
flat assembler
Assembly language resources.
Welcome to the site of the flat assembler! This is a place dedicated to assembly language programming and contains many resources for both beginners and advanced assembly programmers.
This site is constantly being improved, and hopefully you'll find here some useful resources, no matter whether you are trying to learn the assembly language, or just looking for a solution to a particular problem.
The name of flat assembler is intentionally stylized with lowercase letters, this is a nod to its history.
| [Download](download.php) |
Here you can download the flat assembler - an open source assembly language compiler, packaged for various operating systems.
|
| [Documentation](docs.php) |
All the official documentation for flat assembler, and some other official articles about it are gathered here.
|
| [Examples](examples.php) |
Here you can browse and download example projects made with flat assembler, which were shared with full source code by their authors in order to help other people learn from ready projects.
|
| [Message board](http://board.flatassembler.net/) |
This is a place where you can ask questions about flat assembler for which you have not found answers in the documentation, report bugs, or just talk with other assembly language programmers. You can also find several guides and tutorials there.
|
[Main index](index.php)
[Download](download.php)
[Documentation](docs.php)
[Examples](examples.php)
[Message board](http://board.flatassembler.net/)
Copyright © 1999-2023, [Tomasz Grysztar](mailto:[email protected]). Also on [GitHub](https://github.com/tgrysztar), [YouTube](http://www.youtube.com/c/flatassembler).
Website powered by [rwasa](https://2ton.com.au/rwasa/ "rwasa web server").
| http://flatassembler.net/ |
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<title>Burnout Syndrome</title>
<meta name="description" content="Burnout syndrome, stress, the HPA axis, and its relationship to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS/ME)">
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<a class="white" href="overview.shtml">Scientific Overview</a>
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<h1>Burnout</h1>
<p>The burnout syndrome is a set of physical and mental symptoms including:
<ul>
<li>exhaustion/fatigue
<li>headaches
<li>depression
<li>anxiety
<li>insomnia, excessive sleeping and/or dysregulated body clock
<li><a href="chronic_pain.shtml">chronic pain</a>
<li>loss of appetite and/or difficulty digesting food (including slow stomach emptying)
<li><a href="ibs.shtml">IBS</a> symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea
<li>difficulty regulating temperature, feeling very cold without having a fever, and night sweats
<li>abnormal hormone levels (including thyroid, cortisol and testosterone)
<li>suppressed or altered immunity, including susceptibility to viral infections
and increased allergic symptoms
</ul>
Not all patients will experience all the symptoms, and other symptoms can also occur. Psychological symptoms such as lack of enthusiasm/motivation, cynicism and depersonalisation and withdrawal may also be present, especially if the burnout is due to workplace stress. The physical symptoms of burnout and <a href="cfs.shtml">CFS</a> appear to be identical except in their severity and attribution, with the dividing line between the two diagnoses being set at the point where the symptoms become highly disabling, or whether the cause is thought to be physical (CFS) or psychological (burnout).</p>
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_demands-resources_model">job-demands model</a> of burnout shows that burnout is associated with high
job demands (e.g. pressure at work) and low job resources (e.g. being in
control and having a variety of tasks). Research has shown that job demands
correspond to feelings of exhaustion in burnout out workers.</p>
<p>A study on teachers suffering from burnout found that those teachers
who scored highest on the "Maslach Burnout Inventory" had the lowest levels
of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol">cortisol</a> (the main
stress hormone released by the adrenal glands) throughout the day. The teachers who said they were under
stress but not suffering from burnout had the highest levels of cortisol.
The study also found that those teachers who were highest on the burnout
scales had the highest levels of physical illness complaints. The stress
level did not alter the number of physical complaints among the teachers
who were low on the scale. The factors
associated with high levels of burnout were low job satisfaction, low
perceived levels of support, low perceived levels of being able to cope with
stress and high levels of emotional exhaustion (although this last one could
be a symptom rather than a cause).</p>
<p>This study highlights a number of important findings. First of all, that mental
attitude has a large influence over the ability to handle stress without
suffering from burnout. Second, that people suffering from burnout have higher
levels of physical illness complaints. And third, that low levels of cortisol
(and a suppressed <a href="hpa-axis.shtml">HPA axis</a>) seem to be associated with low <a href="stress.html">stress tolerance</a>
and high levels of burnout.</p>
<p>This particular study also found that stress and burnout are separate variables, i.e.
people can suffer from burnout in the absence of stress, and vice-versa.</p>
<p>Many studies have confirmed that hypocortisolism is associated with burnout,
CFS, fibromyalgia, and childhood abuse victims.</p>
<h2>Causes of burnout</h2>
<p>Burnout appears to be caused by excessive long-term psychological/physical stress and emotional arousal. It is most
common in service professions such as nursing and teaching, and in jobs
that involve a lot of customer relationships where emotions may need
to be suppressed. The depersonalisation aspect of burnout may
be a protection mechanism designed to protect against the effects of
excessive emotional arousal, by treating the other party as an object
rather than a person.</p>
<h2>Stress hormones and burnout</h2>
<p>Popular belief is that burnout is the result of excessive stress. This
is the view that Hans Selye took when he presented his <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(biology)#General_Adaptation_Syndrome">General Adaptation
Syndrome</a> theory of stress, which has the following three stages:</p>
<p>
[1] The alarm phase at the onset of the stress, which causes the adrenal
cortex to discharge all of its supply of stored hormones into the
blood.
<br>
[2] The stage of resistance, where the adrenal cortex enlarges due
to continued stimulation by ACTH, which results in an enhanced ability to
manufacture and secrete higher levels of cortisol. During this stage
there is a greater ability to deal with stress.
<br>
[3] The stage of exhaustion, which eventually comes after continued
stress, and results in symptoms similar to the alarm phase. During this
phase the adrenal glands shrink and levels of cortisol fall, resulting
in an inability to cope with stress.
</p>
<p>
From his results, Selye proposed that many illnesses in humans which are not
obviously caused by an external pathogen, such as liver disease and heart
disease, may be due to the psychological stresses of modern life. He proposed
that the continual stresses of modern life result in the exhaustion phase
of the GAS, which then leads to one of any number of physical illnesses.
This notion has been mostly rejected today due to the advances in
understanding about how the body works, with a greater concentration on the
underlying mechanism of disease. In fact, most of Selye's work seems to have
been forgotten today, and his GAS has largely been rejected. While it is true
that he tried to apply his theories too broadly, there is one very important
fact which he discovered and which is largely ignored today, and that is the
exhaustion phase of the GAS, which appears to correspond with the state of burnout.
</p>
<p>Even though early research pointed to a low cortisol state resulting from
excessive stress, this research languished for 10-15 years due to the prevailing wisdom that stress was always associated with high cortisol. However, during recent decades, research has clearly shown that long-term stress can be associated with low cortisol and suppressed HPA axis activation, and this state of low cortisol is associated with CFS, PTSD and burnout. Whether or not the stress causes
hypocortisolism depends on the nature of the threat, the time since onset, and
the person's response to the situation.
</p>
<p>Fries et al hypothesize that the hypocortisolism seen in stress-related disorders such as CFS, burnout and PTSD is actually a protective mechanism which has evolved to conserve energy during threats that are beyond the organism's ability to cope. When it appears that it may not be beneficial to continue with the
stressful activity, the brain might have evolved a method of shutting
down the HPA axis to prevent unnecessary expenditure of energy and protect
the body from the damage caused by a long-term stress response. </p>
<a name="autonomic"></a>
<h2>Autonomic Nervous System</h2>
<p>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_nervous_system">
autonomic nervous system</a> (ANS) consists of two branches: the
<a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system">sympathetic</a> and the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasympathetic_nervous_system">parasympathetic</a>. The sympathetic nervous system is activated during
any type of physical or mental stress. Effects include: increasing heart rate
and blood pressure, reducing heart rate variability (so that heart rate
doesn't vary much from beat to beat), inhibiting digestion, and diverting blood
from the extremities. The parasympathetic nervous system has the opposite
effect: reducing heart rate, increasing heart rate variability, and facilitating
digestion. The two branches of the ANS are complementary:
when sympathetic activation is high, parasympathetic nervous activation
is reduced, and vice versa. Typically the sympathetic nervous system
is activated during stress, and the parasympathetic nervous system
is more active during the recovery phase after the stress.</p>
<p><a href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12576-015-0399-y">Japanese researchers have found</a> that CFS patients tend to have
reduced
parasympathetic activity, and increased
sympathetic activity. They also found that the
same ANS dysfunction is seen in healthy people after engaging in an
acutely fatiguing task, and the lack of parasympathetic activity appears
to correlate to feelings of fatigue. The difference is that in CFS
the ANS dysfunction happens after much lower levels of stress or activity.
Similar ANS dysfunction is seen in burnout and Gulf war syndrome.</p>
<p>The ANS dysfunction seen in burnout and CFS can <a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19371306">cause orthostatic intolerance</a>, resulting in
dizziness, fainting and low blood pressure on standing up, along with dysfunction of the gastrointestinal, urinary, temperature regulation, bowel function,
metabolic and hormone systems.</p>
<p>More research is needed to understand what causes the ANS dysfunction.
It may be that the normal "brake" on sympathetic activation in the
prefrontal cortex isn't working properly, so that the sympathetic
nervous system is always hyperactive, resulting in reduced
parasympathetic activation. Alternatively it may be that there is
reduced parasympathetic drive due to fatigue, and the increased
sympathetic activation is compensatory.</p>
<h2>Heart rate variability</h2>
<p>Heart rate variability refers to beat-to-beat changes in the length of the
heartbeat timing. The vagus nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system
controls this beat-to-beat timing of the heart rhythm, so measuring the
small changes in heart rate can give an estimate of parasympathetic
nervous system activity.
<p>The interesting thing about HRV is that it tends to inversely correlate with any type of stressor. At the start of an illness such as a cold, HRV will reduce
a few days before any symptoms become apparent. HRV is also reduced when there
are any psychological stressors, or when there is excessive exercise with too
little rest.
<p>Athletes use HRV measurements to adjust their training schedule to avoid
overtraining. When there are too many stresses on the body, HRV tends to
drop fairly quickly, and tends to keep dropping day-by-day while those stressors are still present.
<img src="https://miro.medium.com/max/1400/1*pMg6vTxuBDqWNjraVwpVpg.png" width="700" height="357" loading="lazy">
<br>
<i>(From <a href="https://medium.com/@altini_marco/the-ultimate-guide-to-heart-rate-variability-hrv-part-1-70a0a392fff4">The Ultimate Guide to Heart Rate Variability</a> by Marco Altini</a></i>
<p>HRV is best measured either during sleep or first thing in the morning, as it
tends to be affected by eating, exercise and other activities during the day.
<p>Patients with CFS tend to have <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1566070207004468">higher heart rate and lower HRV during sleep</a>
than healthy controls with a similar activity level, and HRV biofeedback has
been shown to <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022399916305463">improve fatigue, quality of life and depression</a> in CFS.
<h2>Adrenal fatigue</h2>
<p>The term "adrenal fatigue" was coined by James Wilson to describe the
hypoadrenalism seen during chronic stress. Wilson proposes that the adrenal
glands become worn out after excessive long-term stress and lose their
ability to produce cortisol. However that does not fit the science.
Although one study found that some CFS patients have shrunken adrenal glands,
most patients have normal adrenal glands which produce normal amounts
of cortisol. Research instead shows that CFS patients have an abnormally low
HPA axis response to stress, as well as an abnormally low cortisol awakening
response (which itself is thought to be a good indication of HPA axis
responsiveness, as waking up is essentially a mild stressor for the HPA axis).
All the research shows that the hypocortisolism is central in nature, i.e.
controlled by the brain, rather than any problem with the adrenal glands
themselves.</p>
<a name="central_governor"></a>
<h2>The Central Governor — fatigue is a brain-derived emotion</h2>
<p>Sports science research by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Noakes">Tim Noakes</a> and other researchers has shown
that <a target=noakes href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3323922/">fatigue is actually an emotion generated in the brain</a>, which acts
to prevent damage to the body when the brain perceives that further
exertion could be harmful.</p>
<p>Research has shown that fatigue in sports is largely independent of
the state of the muscles themselves (which normally only reach 60% of
capacity during maximum exercise). A large number of factors have been
shown to cause fatigue in athletes, such as core temperature, glycogen levels,
oxygen levels in the brain, thirst, rate of heat accumulation, sleep deprivation, and levels of muscle soreness/fatigue. Psychological factors such as emotional
state, knowledge of the endpoint, other competitors, motivation,
visual feedback, placebos/nocebos, as well as psychological skills training
have also shown to modify athletic performance.
<p>The brain appears to have a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governor">"central governor"</a> which puts together
all of these physical and psychological factors in order to generate the
experience of fatigue, in order to protect the body from potential damage
or death due to over-exertion.</p>
<p>Even though the word "emotion" is used, fatigue is somewhat different
to other emotions in that it directly affects the motor cortex, resulting
in great difficulty in the ability to consciously override it. (In fact
it may not be a good idea to override fatigue in the long-term, as that
may lead to overtraining syndrome).</p>
<h2>Overtraining syndrome</h2>
<p>Athletes who train excessively can sometimes suffer from overtraining
syndrome, with symptoms similar to CFS, as well as similar HPA axis
hypofunction. Overtraining appears to be the result of excessive training
with too little rest over a long period of time, and is thought to be the
result of a combination of physical and psychological stress. It is a particular problem
in <a href="http://www.outsideonline.com/1986361/running-empty">ultramarathon runners</a>.</p>
<h2>Mental fatigue: unconscious cost-benefit analysis</h2>
<p>Research on animals has uncovered what appears to be a unconscious
"cost-benefit analysis" within the brain, which determines whether an activity
is likely to be worth the effort of expending energy. Activity will only
proceed if the benefits outweigh the expenditure in energy. The parts of the
brain which appear to be behind this "cost-benefit analysis" are the
dopaminergic systems, which are involved in reward and goal processing in
the brain.</p>
<p>Boksem suggests that this dopaminergic system is behind feelings of
mental fatigue, and that overriding the signals from this system for a prolonged
period of time results in long-term fatigue, burnout and chronic fatigue.</p>
<h2>In the brain, or due to hormones?</h2>
<p>Research suggests that both the the brain, and the
HPA axis, may be responsible for the fatigue experienced during burnout and CFS.
Due to the fact that cortisol levels are quite often normal in CFS, it could
be that the abnormalities in the HPA axis are simply a downstream consequence
of the brain shutting off activity. This fatigue
"shutdown" would then affect the motor cortex directly, resulting in great
difficulty in overriding the fatigue, as well as secondarily via the HPA
axis and autonomic nervous system (which are also regulated by the same
parts of the brain).</p>
<h2>Relationship to CFS</h2>
<p>Burnout and <a href="cfs.shtml">CFS</a> may initially appear to be very different, but closer
investigation shows that they are in fact quite similar. The same
hormonal abnormalities appear in both groups, namely reduced cortisol and
a suppressed HPA axis, as well as similar physical illness complaints.</p>
<p>Also, a significant proportion of CFS patients say that their illness
began during a period of high stress. In some cases this was emotional
stress, but in other cases it was simply a high-pressure job (which in
many cases the person did not find "stressful" in the negative sense).</p>
<p>In fact, all of the known triggers for CFS, such as emotional
stress, negative mental attitude, viral infection, and working in a
high-pressure job, are the same factors which cause burnout. CFS can
best be thought of as a state of long-term burnout which persists
even after the initial stressors have been removed.</p>
<p>For further details, see the <a href="cfs.shtml">chronic fatigue
syndrome</a> section.</p>
<h2>Recovery</h2>
<p>See the <a href="recovery-from-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs.shtml">recovery</a> section.</p>
<h2>References and external links</h2>
<a target=_blank href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_burnout">Wikipedia page on occupational burnout</a><br><br>
<a target=_blank href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Clemens_Kirschbaum/publication/13093237_Burnout_Perceived_Stress_and_Cortisol_Responses_to_Awakening/links/0912f50f7b2559c94a000000.pdf">
Pruessner JC, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C,
"Burnout, perceived stress, and cortisol responses to awakening",
Psychosomatic Medicine 1999;61:197-204</a>
<br><br>
<a target=_blank href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2588792/pdf/yjbm00008-0021.pdf">
Morgan CA 3rd, Cho T, Hazlett G, Coric V, Morgan J,
"The impact of burnout on human physiology and on operational performance: a
prospective study of soldiers enrolled in the combat diver qualification
course",
Yale J Biol Med. 2002 Jul-Aug;75(4):199-205</a><br><br>
<a href="http://www.simonwessely.com/Downloads/Publications/CFS/203.pdf">Leone, S. S., Wessely, S., Huibers, M. J., Knottnerus, J. A., & Kant, I. (2011). "Two sides of the same coin? On the history and phenomenology of chronic fatigue and burnout." Psychology and Health, 26(4), 449-464.</a><br><br>
<a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1765721/pdf/v060p00i26.pdf">Huibers, M. J. H., Beurskens, A. J. H. M., Prins, J. B., Kant, I. J., Bazelmans, E., Van Schayck, C. P., ... & Bleijenberg, G. (2003). "Fatigue, burnout, and chronic fatigue syndrome among employees on sick leave: do attributions make the difference?" Occupational and environmental medicine, 60(suppl 1), i26-i31.</a><br><br>
<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dirk_Hellhammer/publication/7793065_A_new_view_on_hypocortisolism/links/0deec514d8adae3dbb000000.pdf">Fries, E., Hesse, J., Hellhammer, J., & Hellhammer, D. H. (2005). "A new view on hypocortisolism." Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30(10), 1010-1016.</a><br><br>
<a href="http://sites.northwestern.edu/foundationsofhealth/files/2013/03/07-Psych-Bull-If-it-goes-up-must-it-come-down.pdf">Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. S. (2007). "If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans." Psychological bulletin, 133(1), 25.</a><br><br>
<a href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/George_Chrousos/publication/8023121_Endocrinology_of_the_stress_response/links/02e7e520a3bf0c3f8d000000.pdf">Charmandari, E., Tsigos, C., & Chrousos, G. (2005). "Endocrinology of the stress response" 1. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 67, 259-284.</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Friedhelm_Nachreiner/publication/11920243_The_Job_Demands-Resources_Model_of_Burnout/links/0fcfd5062e0a181c1d000000.pdf">Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(3), 499.</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.proquest.com/openview/098ecaf3ec5125f8ffd75a915208c250/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=736337">Edwards, L. D., Heyman, A. H., & Swidan, S. (2011). Hypocortisolism: an evidence-based review. Integrative Medicine, 10(4), 30.</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15717662">Angeli, A., Minetto, M., Dovio, A., & Paccotti, P. (2004). The overtraining syndrome in athletes: a stress-related disorder. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 27(6), 603-612.</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397">Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 397-422.</a> (<a href="https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/13606/maslach_01_jobburnout.pdf?sequence=2">free full-text)</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3323922/">Noakes, T. D. (2012). Fatigue is a brain-derived emotion that regulates the exercise behavior to ensure the protection of whole body homeostasis. Front Physiol, 3(82), 1-13.</a><br><br>
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maarten_Boksem/publication/51426280_Mental_fatigue_Costs_and_benefits/links/0f31753a54b2b691ba000000.pdf">Boksem, M. A., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: costs and benefits. Brain research reviews, 59(1), 125-139.</a><br><br>
<a target=_blank href="http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12576-015-0399-y">Tanaka, M., Tajima, S., Mizuno, K., Ishii, A., Konishi, Y., Miike, T., & Watanabe, Y. (2015). Frontier studies on fatigue, autonomic nerve dysfunction, and sleep-rhythm disorder. The Journal of Physiological Sciences, 65(6), 483-498.</a> <br><br>
<br>
<hr>
<i><p>Copyright (c) <a target=_top href="/">Mind-Body-Health.net</a>, All Rights Reserved</p></i>
DISCLAIMER: Mind-Body-Health.net is an educational resource for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), burnout and related disorders, and is not giving medical advice. Seek advice from a medical practitioner before making any changes to your life, or if you experience worsening symptoms. CFS is a diagnosis of exclusion, so it
is important to rule out other causes for illness.
<br>
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</div>
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Burnout Syndrome
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[Introduction](index.shtml)
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[Scientific Overview](overview.shtml)
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[Stress and Stress Tolerance](stress.shtml)
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[HPA Axis](hpa-axis.shtml)
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[ANS/HRV](autonomic-nervous-system.shtml)
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[Circadian Rhythms](circadian.shtml)
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[Immune System](immune.shtml)
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[Placebo Effect](placebo.shtml)
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[Burnout](burnout.shtml)
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[Chronic Fatigue Syndrome](cfs.shtml)
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[Chronic Pain](chronic_pain.shtml)
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[Psychiatric vs Organic Debate](psychiatric_organic.shtml)
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[Irritable Bowel Syndrome](ibs.shtml)
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[Chronic Lyme Disease](lyme.shtml)
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[Recovery from CFS](recovery-from-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs.shtml)
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[Resources](resources.shtml)
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[Contact](mailto:[email protected])
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# Burnout
The burnout syndrome is a set of physical and mental symptoms including:
* exhaustion/fatigue
* headaches
* depression
* anxiety
* insomnia, excessive sleeping and/or dysregulated body clock
* [chronic pain](chronic_pain.shtml)* loss of appetite and/or difficulty digesting food (including slow stomach emptying)
* [IBS](ibs.shtml) symptoms such as constipation and diarrhea
* difficulty regulating temperature, feeling very cold without having a fever, and night sweats
* abnormal hormone levels (including thyroid, cortisol and testosterone)
* suppressed or altered immunity, including susceptibility to viral infections
and increased allergic symptoms
Not all patients will experience all the symptoms, and other symptoms can also occur. Psychological symptoms such as lack of enthusiasm/motivation, cynicism and depersonalisation and withdrawal may also be present, especially if the burnout is due to workplace stress. The physical symptoms of burnout and [CFS](cfs.shtml) appear to be identical except in their severity and attribution, with the dividing line between the two diagnoses being set at the point where the symptoms become highly disabling, or whether the cause is thought to be physical (CFS) or psychological (burnout).
The [job-demands model](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_demands-resources_model) of burnout shows that burnout is associated with high
job demands (e.g. pressure at work) and low job resources (e.g. being in
control and having a variety of tasks). Research has shown that job demands
correspond to feelings of exhaustion in burnout out workers.
A study on teachers suffering from burnout found that those teachers
who scored highest on the "Maslach Burnout Inventory" had the lowest levels
of [cortisol](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cortisol) (the main
stress hormone released by the adrenal glands) throughout the day. The teachers who said they were under
stress but not suffering from burnout had the highest levels of cortisol.
The study also found that those teachers who were highest on the burnout
scales had the highest levels of physical illness complaints. The stress
level did not alter the number of physical complaints among the teachers
who were low on the scale. The factors
associated with high levels of burnout were low job satisfaction, low
perceived levels of support, low perceived levels of being able to cope with
stress and high levels of emotional exhaustion (although this last one could
be a symptom rather than a cause).
This study highlights a number of important findings. First of all, that mental
attitude has a large influence over the ability to handle stress without
suffering from burnout. Second, that people suffering from burnout have higher
levels of physical illness complaints. And third, that low levels of cortisol
(and a suppressed [HPA axis](hpa-axis.shtml)) seem to be associated with low [stress tolerance](stress.html)
and high levels of burnout.
This particular study also found that stress and burnout are separate variables, i.e.
people can suffer from burnout in the absence of stress, and vice-versa.
Many studies have confirmed that hypocortisolism is associated with burnout,
CFS, fibromyalgia, and childhood abuse victims.
## Causes of burnout
Burnout appears to be caused by excessive long-term psychological/physical stress and emotional arousal. It is most
common in service professions such as nursing and teaching, and in jobs
that involve a lot of customer relationships where emotions may need
to be suppressed. The depersonalisation aspect of burnout may
be a protection mechanism designed to protect against the effects of
excessive emotional arousal, by treating the other party as an object
rather than a person.
## Stress hormones and burnout
Popular belief is that burnout is the result of excessive stress. This
is the view that Hans Selye took when he presented his [General Adaptation
Syndrome](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stress_(biology)#General_Adaptation_Syndrome) theory of stress, which has the following three stages:
[1] The alarm phase at the onset of the stress, which causes the adrenal
cortex to discharge all of its supply of stored hormones into the
blood.
[2] The stage of resistance, where the adrenal cortex enlarges due
to continued stimulation by ACTH, which results in an enhanced ability to
manufacture and secrete higher levels of cortisol. During this stage
there is a greater ability to deal with stress.
[3] The stage of exhaustion, which eventually comes after continued
stress, and results in symptoms similar to the alarm phase. During this
phase the adrenal glands shrink and levels of cortisol fall, resulting
in an inability to cope with stress.
From his results, Selye proposed that many illnesses in humans which are not
obviously caused by an external pathogen, such as liver disease and heart
disease, may be due to the psychological stresses of modern life. He proposed
that the continual stresses of modern life result in the exhaustion phase
of the GAS, which then leads to one of any number of physical illnesses.
This notion has been mostly rejected today due to the advances in
understanding about how the body works, with a greater concentration on the
underlying mechanism of disease. In fact, most of Selye's work seems to have
been forgotten today, and his GAS has largely been rejected. While it is true
that he tried to apply his theories too broadly, there is one very important
fact which he discovered and which is largely ignored today, and that is the
exhaustion phase of the GAS, which appears to correspond with the state of burnout.
Even though early research pointed to a low cortisol state resulting from
excessive stress, this research languished for 10-15 years due to the prevailing wisdom that stress was always associated with high cortisol. However, during recent decades, research has clearly shown that long-term stress can be associated with low cortisol and suppressed HPA axis activation, and this state of low cortisol is associated with CFS, PTSD and burnout. Whether or not the stress causes
hypocortisolism depends on the nature of the threat, the time since onset, and
the person's response to the situation.
Fries et al hypothesize that the hypocortisolism seen in stress-related disorders such as CFS, burnout and PTSD is actually a protective mechanism which has evolved to conserve energy during threats that are beyond the organism's ability to cope. When it appears that it may not be beneficial to continue with the
stressful activity, the brain might have evolved a method of shutting
down the HPA axis to prevent unnecessary expenditure of energy and protect
the body from the damage caused by a long-term stress response.
## Autonomic Nervous System
The [autonomic nervous system](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autonomic_nervous_system) (ANS) consists of two branches: the
[sympathetic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sympathetic_nervous_system) and the [parasympathetic](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parasympathetic_nervous_system). The sympathetic nervous system is activated during
any type of physical or mental stress. Effects include: increasing heart rate
and blood pressure, reducing heart rate variability (so that heart rate
doesn't vary much from beat to beat), inhibiting digestion, and diverting blood
from the extremities. The parasympathetic nervous system has the opposite
effect: reducing heart rate, increasing heart rate variability, and facilitating
digestion. The two branches of the ANS are complementary:
when sympathetic activation is high, parasympathetic nervous activation
is reduced, and vice versa. Typically the sympathetic nervous system
is activated during stress, and the parasympathetic nervous system
is more active during the recovery phase after the stress.
[Japanese researchers have found](http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12576-015-0399-y) that CFS patients tend to have
reduced
parasympathetic activity, and increased
sympathetic activity. They also found that the
same ANS dysfunction is seen in healthy people after engaging in an
acutely fatiguing task, and the lack of parasympathetic activity appears
to correlate to feelings of fatigue. The difference is that in CFS
the ANS dysfunction happens after much lower levels of stress or activity.
Similar ANS dysfunction is seen in burnout and Gulf war syndrome.
The ANS dysfunction seen in burnout and CFS can [cause orthostatic intolerance](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19371306), resulting in
dizziness, fainting and low blood pressure on standing up, along with dysfunction of the gastrointestinal, urinary, temperature regulation, bowel function,
metabolic and hormone systems.
More research is needed to understand what causes the ANS dysfunction.
It may be that the normal "brake" on sympathetic activation in the
prefrontal cortex isn't working properly, so that the sympathetic
nervous system is always hyperactive, resulting in reduced
parasympathetic activation. Alternatively it may be that there is
reduced parasympathetic drive due to fatigue, and the increased
sympathetic activation is compensatory.
## Heart rate variability
Heart rate variability refers to beat-to-beat changes in the length of the
heartbeat timing. The vagus nerve of the parasympathetic nervous system
controls this beat-to-beat timing of the heart rhythm, so measuring the
small changes in heart rate can give an estimate of parasympathetic
nervous system activity.
The interesting thing about HRV is that it tends to inversely correlate with any type of stressor. At the start of an illness such as a cold, HRV will reduce
a few days before any symptoms become apparent. HRV is also reduced when there
are any psychological stressors, or when there is excessive exercise with too
little rest.
Athletes use HRV measurements to adjust their training schedule to avoid
overtraining. When there are too many stresses on the body, HRV tends to
drop fairly quickly, and tends to keep dropping day-by-day while those stressors are still present.
*(From [The Ultimate Guide to Heart Rate Variability](https://medium.com/@altini_marco/the-ultimate-guide-to-heart-rate-variability-hrv-part-1-70a0a392fff4) by Marco Altini*
HRV is best measured either during sleep or first thing in the morning, as it
tends to be affected by eating, exercise and other activities during the day.
Patients with CFS tend to have [higher heart rate and lower HRV during sleep](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1566070207004468)
than healthy controls with a similar activity level, and HRV biofeedback has
been shown to [improve fatigue, quality of life and depression](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022399916305463) in CFS.
## Adrenal fatigue
The term "adrenal fatigue" was coined by James Wilson to describe the
hypoadrenalism seen during chronic stress. Wilson proposes that the adrenal
glands become worn out after excessive long-term stress and lose their
ability to produce cortisol. However that does not fit the science.
Although one study found that some CFS patients have shrunken adrenal glands,
most patients have normal adrenal glands which produce normal amounts
of cortisol. Research instead shows that CFS patients have an abnormally low
HPA axis response to stress, as well as an abnormally low cortisol awakening
response (which itself is thought to be a good indication of HPA axis
responsiveness, as waking up is essentially a mild stressor for the HPA axis).
All the research shows that the hypocortisolism is central in nature, i.e.
controlled by the brain, rather than any problem with the adrenal glands
themselves.
## The Central Governor — fatigue is a brain-derived emotion
Sports science research by [Tim Noakes](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tim_Noakes) and other researchers has shown
that [fatigue is actually an emotion generated in the brain](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3323922/), which acts
to prevent damage to the body when the brain perceives that further
exertion could be harmful.
Research has shown that fatigue in sports is largely independent of
the state of the muscles themselves (which normally only reach 60% of
capacity during maximum exercise). A large number of factors have been
shown to cause fatigue in athletes, such as core temperature, glycogen levels,
oxygen levels in the brain, thirst, rate of heat accumulation, sleep deprivation, and levels of muscle soreness/fatigue. Psychological factors such as emotional
state, knowledge of the endpoint, other competitors, motivation,
visual feedback, placebos/nocebos, as well as psychological skills training
have also shown to modify athletic performance.
The brain appears to have a ["central governor"](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Central_governor) which puts together
all of these physical and psychological factors in order to generate the
experience of fatigue, in order to protect the body from potential damage
or death due to over-exertion.
Even though the word "emotion" is used, fatigue is somewhat different
to other emotions in that it directly affects the motor cortex, resulting
in great difficulty in the ability to consciously override it. (In fact
it may not be a good idea to override fatigue in the long-term, as that
may lead to overtraining syndrome).
## Overtraining syndrome
Athletes who train excessively can sometimes suffer from overtraining
syndrome, with symptoms similar to CFS, as well as similar HPA axis
hypofunction. Overtraining appears to be the result of excessive training
with too little rest over a long period of time, and is thought to be the
result of a combination of physical and psychological stress. It is a particular problem
in [ultramarathon runners](http://www.outsideonline.com/1986361/running-empty).
## Mental fatigue: unconscious cost-benefit analysis
Research on animals has uncovered what appears to be a unconscious
"cost-benefit analysis" within the brain, which determines whether an activity
is likely to be worth the effort of expending energy. Activity will only
proceed if the benefits outweigh the expenditure in energy. The parts of the
brain which appear to be behind this "cost-benefit analysis" are the
dopaminergic systems, which are involved in reward and goal processing in
the brain.
Boksem suggests that this dopaminergic system is behind feelings of
mental fatigue, and that overriding the signals from this system for a prolonged
period of time results in long-term fatigue, burnout and chronic fatigue.
## In the brain, or due to hormones?
Research suggests that both the the brain, and the
HPA axis, may be responsible for the fatigue experienced during burnout and CFS.
Due to the fact that cortisol levels are quite often normal in CFS, it could
be that the abnormalities in the HPA axis are simply a downstream consequence
of the brain shutting off activity. This fatigue
"shutdown" would then affect the motor cortex directly, resulting in great
difficulty in overriding the fatigue, as well as secondarily via the HPA
axis and autonomic nervous system (which are also regulated by the same
parts of the brain).
## Relationship to CFS
Burnout and [CFS](cfs.shtml) may initially appear to be very different, but closer
investigation shows that they are in fact quite similar. The same
hormonal abnormalities appear in both groups, namely reduced cortisol and
a suppressed HPA axis, as well as similar physical illness complaints.
Also, a significant proportion of CFS patients say that their illness
began during a period of high stress. In some cases this was emotional
stress, but in other cases it was simply a high-pressure job (which in
many cases the person did not find "stressful" in the negative sense).
In fact, all of the known triggers for CFS, such as emotional
stress, negative mental attitude, viral infection, and working in a
high-pressure job, are the same factors which cause burnout. CFS can
best be thought of as a state of long-term burnout which persists
even after the initial stressors have been removed.
For further details, see the [chronic fatigue
syndrome](cfs.shtml) section.
## Recovery
See the [recovery](recovery-from-chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs.shtml) section.
## References and external links
[Wikipedia page on occupational burnout](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Occupational_burnout)
[Pruessner JC, Hellhammer DH, Kirschbaum C,
"Burnout, perceived stress, and cortisol responses to awakening",
Psychosomatic Medicine 1999;61:197-204](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Clemens_Kirschbaum/publication/13093237_Burnout_Perceived_Stress_and_Cortisol_Responses_to_Awakening/links/0912f50f7b2559c94a000000.pdf)
[Morgan CA 3rd, Cho T, Hazlett G, Coric V, Morgan J,
"The impact of burnout on human physiology and on operational performance: a
prospective study of soldiers enrolled in the combat diver qualification
course",
Yale J Biol Med. 2002 Jul-Aug;75(4):199-205](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2588792/pdf/yjbm00008-0021.pdf)
[Leone, S. S., Wessely, S., Huibers, M. J., Knottnerus, J. A., & Kant, I. (2011). "Two sides of the same coin? On the history and phenomenology of chronic fatigue and burnout." Psychology and Health, 26(4), 449-464.](http://www.simonwessely.com/Downloads/Publications/CFS/203.pdf)
[Huibers, M. J. H., Beurskens, A. J. H. M., Prins, J. B., Kant, I. J., Bazelmans, E., Van Schayck, C. P., ... & Bleijenberg, G. (2003). "Fatigue, burnout, and chronic fatigue syndrome among employees on sick leave: do attributions make the difference?" Occupational and environmental medicine, 60(suppl 1), i26-i31.](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1765721/pdf/v060p00i26.pdf)
[Fries, E., Hesse, J., Hellhammer, J., & Hellhammer, D. H. (2005). "A new view on hypocortisolism." Psychoneuroendocrinology, 30(10), 1010-1016.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Dirk_Hellhammer/publication/7793065_A_new_view_on_hypocortisolism/links/0deec514d8adae3dbb000000.pdf)
[Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Zhou, E. S. (2007). "If it goes up, must it come down? Chronic stress and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in humans." Psychological bulletin, 133(1), 25.](http://sites.northwestern.edu/foundationsofhealth/files/2013/03/07-Psych-Bull-If-it-goes-up-must-it-come-down.pdf)
[Charmandari, E., Tsigos, C., & Chrousos, G. (2005). "Endocrinology of the stress response" 1. Annu. Rev. Physiol., 67, 259-284.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/George_Chrousos/publication/8023121_Endocrinology_of_the_stress_response/links/02e7e520a3bf0c3f8d000000.pdf)
[Demerouti, E., Bakker, A. B., Nachreiner, F., & Schaufeli, W. B. (2001). The job demands-resources model of burnout. Journal of Applied psychology, 86(3), 499.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Friedhelm_Nachreiner/publication/11920243_The_Job_Demands-Resources_Model_of_Burnout/links/0fcfd5062e0a181c1d000000.pdf)
[Edwards, L. D., Heyman, A. H., & Swidan, S. (2011). Hypocortisolism: an evidence-based review. Integrative Medicine, 10(4), 30.](https://www.proquest.com/openview/098ecaf3ec5125f8ffd75a915208c250/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=736337)
[Angeli, A., Minetto, M., Dovio, A., & Paccotti, P. (2004). The overtraining syndrome in athletes: a stress-related disorder. Journal of endocrinological investigation, 27(6), 603-612.](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15717662)
[Maslach, C., Schaufeli, W. B., & Leiter, M. P. (2001). Job burnout. Annual review of psychology, 52(1), 397-422.](https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.psych.52.1.397) ([free full-text)](https://dspace.library.uu.nl/bitstream/handle/1874/13606/maslach_01_jobburnout.pdf?sequence=2)
[Noakes, T. D. (2012). Fatigue is a brain-derived emotion that regulates the exercise behavior to ensure the protection of whole body homeostasis. Front Physiol, 3(82), 1-13.](http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3323922/)
[Boksem, M. A., & Tops, M. (2008). Mental fatigue: costs and benefits. Brain research reviews, 59(1), 125-139.](https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Maarten_Boksem/publication/51426280_Mental_fatigue_Costs_and_benefits/links/0f31753a54b2b691ba000000.pdf)
[Tanaka, M., Tajima, S., Mizuno, K., Ishii, A., Konishi, Y., Miike, T., & Watanabe, Y. (2015). Frontier studies on fatigue, autonomic nerve dysfunction, and sleep-rhythm disorder. The Journal of Physiological Sciences, 65(6), 483-498.](http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12576-015-0399-y)
---
*Copyright (c) [Mind-Body-Health.net](/), All Rights Reserved*
DISCLAIMER: Mind-Body-Health.net is an educational resource for chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), burnout and related disorders, and is not giving medical advice. Seek advice from a medical practitioner before making any changes to your life, or if you experience worsening symptoms. CFS is a diagnosis of exclusion, so it
is important to rule out other causes for illness.
| http://www.mind-body-health.net/burnout.shtml |
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"'Rugrats' is a TV 'Peanuts' of our time." -- <I>Steven Spielberg</I>
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<P> Hello everyone, and welcome to our <B><FONT COLOR="#ff0000">UNOFFICIAL</FONT>
Rugrats </B>site, now one of the longest-running and most popular <B>Rugrats</B>
sites on the internet. Here, you will find various information about the show
and the things that help make <B>Rugrats </B>the show it is today. Here,
I'll give you some background about the <A HREF="rrchars1.html">characters</A>,
along with little-known facts about the program. Also, I'll provide you with
information on <A HREF="rrtvschd.html">what's on <B>Rugrats</B></A> in the coming
days <I>(in the US & Canada)</I>, as well as <A HREF="ontv.html">who's playing
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<p>In case you didn't know, this website has not been updated the past couple
of years. This is due to the fact that (1) the popularity of "Rugrats"
has peaked, and I have lost interest in anything post-Dil; and (2) there were
other things going on in my life, such as work, a new comic strip, and a new
book in the works. (I'd post the links, but I don't think mom and pop would
approve). Because of this, I am ceding control of my website to a friend of
mine in France -- Super Yo. He establised the second-best Rugrats site on the
web, as well as the best "All Grown Up" site on the web. See them
all at:
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<p>My old address will still work -- for now at least. But just in case, please
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<p>See you in the funny papers. (Literally.)
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width="180" height="50"></a> <br>
</td>
<td><a href="timeline.html"><img border="0" src="linktime.gif" alt="Rugrats Timeline"
width="180" height="50"></a><br>
</td>
<td> <a href="rrvideo.html"><img border="0" src="linkvid.gif" alt="Rugrats on Video"
width="180" height="50"></a></td>
<td><a href="nick20.html"><img border="0" src="linknk20.gif" alt="Nick's 20th Birthday"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <a href="rrprod.html"><img border="0" src="linkmerc.gif" alt="Where to get Rugrats merchandise"
width="180" height="50"></a> <br>
</td>
<td> <a href="rrmovie.html"><img border="0" src="linkmovi.gif" alt="The Rugrats Movie"
width="180" height="50"></a><br>
</td>
<td><a href="kc.html"><img border="0" src="linkkc.gif" alt="Klasky-Csupo Programs"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
<td> <a href="rrlive.html"> </a><a href="rrtvg.html"><img border="0" src="linktvg.gif" alt="Rugrats in TV Guide"
width="180" height="50"></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <a href="activity.html"><img border="0" src="linkacti.gif" width="180" height="50"></a>
</td>
<td><a href="rrmovie4.html"><img border="0" src="linkrrpa.gif" alt="Rugrats In Paris: The Movie"
width="180" height="50"></a><br>
</td>
<td><a href="intrview.html"><img border="0" src="linkintr.gif" alt="Interviews"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
<td><a href="rrlive.html"><img border="0" src="linklive.gif" alt="Rugrats -- The Live Adventure"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td> <a href="rrquiz.html"><img border="0" src="linkquiz.gif" alt="Rugrats Quiz"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
<td><a href="rrthorn.html"><img border="0" src="linkthr4.gif" alt="Rugrats Go Wild"
width="180" height="50"></a><br>
</td>
<td><a href="otherrr.html"><img border="0" src="linkotrr.gif" alt="The OTHER Rugrats"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
<td><a href="comment.html"><img border="0" src="linkcomm.gif" alt="Webmaster's Commentary"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="rresp3.html"><img border="0" src="linkcmpr.gif" alt="Comparing Rugrats/ Simpsons/ Dragon Ball Z"
width="180" height="50"></a></td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table width="0%" border="0">
<tr>
<td>
<h2> <img border="0" src="globe.gif" width="33" height="33"> <a href="ontv.html">Rugrats
Around The World!</a> </h2>
<table cellpadding="2">
<tr>
<td> <a href="rresp.html"><img border="0" src="linkspan.gif" alt="Rugrats In Spanish"
width="180" height="50"></a> </td>
<td> <a href="rrau.html"><img border="0" src="linkaust.gif" alt="Rugrats In Australia"
width="180" height="50"></a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="rrde01.html"><img border="0" src="linkgerm.gif" alt="Rugrats In German"
width="180" height="50"></a><br>
</td>
<td><a href="rrfi.html"><img src="linkfinl.gif" width="180" height="50" alt="Rugrats In Finland" border="0"></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
</td>
<td>
<table BORDER cellpadding="2" bgcolor="#FF9999">
<tr>
<td>
<h3> Also from the webmaster: </h3>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="testpatt/index.html">Test Pattern Links</a> <br>
<i>(co-authored with Tom Walsh)</i> </td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table width="0%" border="0">
<tr>
<td>
<p>
<p><b><big><big>Decorate your website with a banner</big></big></b></p>
</td>
<td><a href="rrbanner.html"><img border="0" src="rrbanrja.gif" width="468" height="60"></a>
</td>
<td> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>Providing a link to my website? Nothing could be finer than a banner to go
along with it. For banners <i>(similar to this one)</i>, <a href="rrbanner.html">click
here</a>. <br>
<br>
<P><IMG SRC="7rl.gif" NAME="Graphic105" ALIGN=BOTTOM WIDTH=525 HEIGHT=8 BORDER=0>
<P> <B>Important Note:</B>
<P> When <A HREF="mailto:azumanga(@)tampabay.rr.com">writing to me</A> or making
comments in the guestbook, keep in mind that I <B>DO NOT</B> work for Nickelodeon,
Klasky-Csupo, Viacom, YTV or any animation or entertainment profession. I'm
just a casual fan, just like you. If you have any questions or comments about
"Rugrats" or any trivia questions or ideas you have for the site, let me know.
If you have any ideas for the show itself, or comments or questions directed
towards the producers, don't ask, as I'm not able to answer them. To find out
how to reach Nick or YTV, <A HREF="rrnick.html">click here</A>. For K-C, <A HREF="kc.html">click
here</A>.
<P><img src="stop.gif" name="Graphic107" align=BOTTOM width=46 height=44 border=0><b>The
Lawyer's Eye Test, or, The Fine Print</b><br>
<table cellpadding="2">
<tr>
<td> <a href="http://www.moderntv.com/"><img border="0" src="nabtvcod.gif" width="139"
height="106"></a> </td>
<td> <font size=2><b>Rugrats </b>are copyrighted by <b>Nickelodeon </b>(a
<a href="http://www.viacom.com/" target="_top"><b>Viacom </b></a>company),
and presented here with <b>NO AUTHORIZATION </b>of any kind, as they are
being used to present my point in reviewing America's favorite babies,
<b>Rugrats</b>. <b>Rugrats</b> characters, series, and series name are owned
by <b>Nickelodeon </b>(a <a href="http://www.viacom.com/" target="_top"><b>Viacom
</b></a>company), including all artwork and graphics depicting <b>Rugrats
</b>characters. All logos, program scripts, and other program elements are,
once again, copyrighted by <b>Nickelodeon</b>. I am <b>NOT</b> an employee
of Nick, <a href="http://mtv.com/" target="_top">MTV</a>, <a href="http://www.viacom.com/" target="_top">Viacom
</a>, <a href="http://www.cbs.com/" target="_top">CBS, Inc.</a>, <a href="http://www.klaskycsupo.com/" target="_top">Klasky-Csupo</a>,
<a href="http://www.ytv.com/" target="_top">YTV Canada, Inc.</a>, Corus
Entertainment, <a href="http://www.afrts.osd.mil/">Armed Forces Radio &
Television Service</a>, <a href="http://www.astral.com/" target="_top">Astral
Media, Inc</a></font><a href="http://www.astral.com/" target="_top">.</a>
<font size=2>or any animation or entertainment profession, and this site
is <b>NOT ENDORSED </b>by these parties. This web site was done <b>COMPLETELY
ON MY OWN POWER</b> using my own time and expenses; I've <b>RECEIVED NO
COMPENSATION</b> of any kind for this site.</font> <font size=2><b>"The
UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online", my home page, my links pages, and all other
pages on this site is copyright ©1996-2005 by Steve Mindykowski.
Graphics and quoted articles are copyrighted by Viacom and other copyright
holders. </b>All rights reserved.</font>
<p> <i>(<b>Left:</b> National Association of Broadcasters' "Seal Of Good
Practice", from the <a href="http://www.moderntv.com/">Modern Television</a>
site.)</i>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
<P><br>
<P STYLE="margin-bottom: 0in">
<P>
</BODY></HTML>
|
The UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online
Paid Advertisement
[](http://www.schoolspiritcomic.com/)
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
***Established:***
**October 5, 1996**
***Revised:***
May 10, 2007
---
[We Rated With
RSACi
We Rated With ICRA](http://www.rsac.org/)
| | Awards!
[Rated 3-stars (Best) by go.com](http://www.go.com/) [Rated "Noteworthy" by Encyclopedia Britannica](http://www.britannica.com/)
|
|
<!-- begin
var max=0;
function textlist()
{
max=textlist.arguments.length;
for (i=0; i<max; i++)
this[i]=textlist.arguments[i];
}
tl=new textlist
(
"Latest RUGRATS News:",
"Watch this space for more Rugrats news as they're available",
"Welcome to The UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online at http://www.rugratonline.com/"
);
var x=0; pos=0;
var l=tl[0].length;
function textticker()
{
document.tickform.tickfield.value=tl[x].substring(0,pos)+"\_";
if(pos++==l) { pos=0; setTimeout("textticker()",2000); x++;
if(x==max) x=0; l=tl[x].length; } else
setTimeout("textticker()",50);
}
// end -->
|
| Wecome to The UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online! |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | Best If Used With Javascript |
|
| |
| --- |
|
"'Rugrats' is a TV 'Peanuts' of our time." -- *Steven Spielberg*
|
Hello everyone, and welcome to our **UNOFFICIAL
Rugrats** site, now one of the longest-running and most popular **Rugrats**
sites on the internet. Here, you will find various information about the show
and the things that help make **Rugrats** the show it is today. Here,
I'll give you some background about the [characters](rrchars1.html),
along with little-known facts about the program. Also, I'll provide you with
information on [what's on **Rugrats**](rrtvschd.html) in the coming
days *(in the US & Canada)*, as well as [who's playing
**Rugrats** worldwide](ontv.html). Also on site is the complete [episode
guide](rrepisod.html), listing every **Rugrats** episode, as well as everything you wanted
to know about [**The Rugrats Movie**](rrmovie.html), which was
the most popular non-Disney animated film in history, plus the sequel, [**Rugrats
In Paris**](rrmovie4.html). Also, other vital and not-so-vital information on **Rugrats**
and Nickelodeon. What's going on? Enquiring minds want to know! (I want to know!)
## Under New Ownership
In case you didn't know, this website has not been updated the past couple
of years. This is due to the fact that (1) the popularity of "Rugrats"
has peaked, and I have lost interest in anything post-Dil; and (2) there were
other things going on in my life, such as work, a new comic strip, and a new
book in the works. (I'd post the links, but I don't think mom and pop would
approve). Because of this, I am ceding control of my website to a friend of
mine in France -- Super Yo. He establised the second-best Rugrats site on the
web, as well as the best "All Grown Up" site on the web. See them
all at:
**<http://www.rugrats.com02.com/>**
My old address will still work -- for now at least. But just in case, please
change your bookmarks to this new URL:
[**http://rugratonline.free.fr/**](http://rugratonline.free.fr/)
Knowing him for the last several years, Super Yo will keep this site in good
hands.
See you in the funny papers. (Literally.)
[](http://www.cooltoons.com/)
##
This Website Featured at "Cooltoons"
**The UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online**, this very website that you're looking
at now, is featured at Klasky Csupo's **Cooltoons** website. For this e-mail
interview, which explains the secrets of putting this fine website together,
[click here](http://www.cooltoons2.com/rugrats/games/steve/index.htmll).
***(New URL, as of 1/21/2005)***
| | |
| --- | --- |
| **Website Index** | |
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Rugrats Characters](rrchars1.html) | [Episode Guide](rrepisod.html) |
| [All Grown Up](grownup.html) |
| [How To Reach Nickelodeon, YTV, VRAK.TV or AFRTS](rrnick.html) | [Coming Up On Rugrats](rrtvschd.html) | [What Was On Rugrats](rrwas.html) | [Rugrats At 10](rrat10.html) |
| [What's New](rronnew.html)
| [End Credits](rrcred.html) | [Rugrats Fan Fiction & Art](rrfan.html) | [Nicktoons](nicktoon.html) |
| [Rugrats Around The World](ontv.html) | [Rugrats Secrets](secrets.html) | [Rugrats Comic Adventures Magazine](rrmag.html) | [Nick On CBS](cbs.html) |
| [The Rugrats Comic Strip](rrstrip.html) | [Little Known Facts](rrfacts.html) | [FAQ](faq.html) | [Information Wanted](rrinfo.html) |
| [Rugrats Video Games & Software](rrgames.html) | [The TV Ratings System in US & Canada](ratings.html) | [Link This Site With A Banner](rrbanner.html)
[Link This Site With A Banner](rrbanner.html) | [The Rugrats Balloon](rrball.html) |
| [Rugrats Sites](rrsites.html)
| [The Rugrats Trophy Case](rrawards.html) | [The Rugrats Transcripts](rrtrans.html) | [Rugrats At Burger King](burgking.html) |
| [Rugrats Books](rrbooks.html) | [Rugrats Timeline](timeline.html) | [Rugrats on Video](rrvideo.html) | [Nick's 20th Birthday](nick20.html) |
| [Where to get Rugrats merchandise](rrprod.html) | [The Rugrats Movie](rrmovie.html) | [Klasky-Csupo Programs](kc.html) | [Rugrats in TV Guide](rrtvg.html) |
| | [Rugrats In Paris: The Movie](rrmovie4.html) | [Interviews](intrview.html) | [Rugrats -- The Live Adventure](rrlive.html) |
| [Rugrats Quiz](rrquiz.html) | [Rugrats Go Wild](rrthorn.html) | [The OTHER Rugrats](otherrr.html) | [Webmaster's Commentary](comment.html) |
| [Comparing Rugrats/ Simpsons/ Dragon Ball Z](rresp3.html) | | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [Rugrats
Around The World!](ontv.html)
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Rugrats In Spanish](rresp.html) | [Rugrats In Australia](rrau.html) |
| [Rugrats In German](rrde01.html) | [Rugrats In Finland](rrfi.html) |
|
| |
| --- |
| Also from the webmaster: |
| [Test Pattern Links](testpatt/index.html)
*(co-authored with Tom Walsh)* |
|
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
|
**Decorate your website with a banner**
| | |
Providing a link to my website? Nothing could be finer than a banner to go
along with it. For banners *(similar to this one)*, [click
here](rrbanner.html).
**Important Note:**
When [writing to me](mailto:azumanga(@)tampabay.rr.com) or making
comments in the guestbook, keep in mind that I **DO NOT** work for Nickelodeon,
Klasky-Csupo, Viacom, YTV or any animation or entertainment profession. I'm
just a casual fan, just like you. If you have any questions or comments about
"Rugrats" or any trivia questions or ideas you have for the site, let me know.
If you have any ideas for the show itself, or comments or questions directed
towards the producers, don't ask, as I'm not able to answer them. To find out
how to reach Nick or YTV, [click here](rrnick.html). For K-C, [click
here](kc.html).
**The
Lawyer's Eye Test, or, The Fine Print**
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | **Rugrats** are copyrighted by **Nickelodeon** (a
[**Viacom**](http://www.viacom.com/) company),
and presented here with **NO AUTHORIZATION** of any kind, as they are
being used to present my point in reviewing America's favorite babies,
**Rugrats**. **Rugrats** characters, series, and series name are owned
by **Nickelodeon** (a [**Viacom**](http://www.viacom.com/) company), including all artwork and graphics depicting **Rugrats** characters. All logos, program scripts, and other program elements are,
once again, copyrighted by **Nickelodeon**. I am **NOT** an employee
of Nick, [MTV](http://mtv.com/), [Viacom](http://www.viacom.com/) , [CBS, Inc.](http://www.cbs.com/), [Klasky-Csupo](http://www.klaskycsupo.com/),
[YTV Canada, Inc.](http://www.ytv.com/), Corus
Entertainment, [Armed Forces Radio &
Television Service](http://www.afrts.osd.mil/), [Astral
Media, Inc](http://www.astral.com/)[.](http://www.astral.com/)
or any animation or entertainment profession, and this site
is **NOT ENDORSED** by these parties. This web site was done **COMPLETELY
ON MY OWN POWER** using my own time and expenses; I've **RECEIVED NO
COMPENSATION** of any kind for this site. **"The
UNOFFICIAL Rugrats Online", my home page, my links pages, and all other
pages on this site is copyright ©1996-2005 by Steve Mindykowski.
Graphics and quoted articles are copyrighted by Viacom and other copyright
holders.** All rights reserved.
*(**Left:** National Association of Broadcasters' "Seal Of Good
Practice", from the [Modern Television](http://www.moderntv.com/)
site.)*
|
| http://rugratonline.free.fr/ |
<HTML>
<head>
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<h1>David's Nintendo Code Book</h1>
<a href="http://codebook.potchgult.com">
<img src="codebooklogo2.jpg" alt="Nintendo systems" title="Nintendo systems" border=0>
</a>
<br>Codes, tips, tricks, glitches and undocumented features for more than 2000 Nintendo games.</br>
</center>
<p>
<list>
<h3><li><a href="vgA.html">Browse the Code Book</a></li></h3>
<li><a href="stickrepair/stickfix.htm">N64 Joystick Repair / Lubrication</a></li>
<li><a href="clubnintendo/index.html">Club Nintendo Coin & Reward Spreadsheet</a></li>
<li><a href="privacy.html">Privacy Policy</a></li>
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|
Nintendo Codes - Wii DS GameCube N64 Game Boy SNES NES Gameboy Color Advance
Game Cheats - by David Dayton
# David's Nintendo Code Book
[](http://codebook.potchgult.com)
Codes, tips, tricks, glitches and undocumented features for more than 2000 Nintendo games.
### - [Browse the Code Book](vgA.html)
- [N64 Joystick Repair / Lubrication](stickrepair/stickfix.htm)
- [Club Nintendo Coin & Reward Spreadsheet](clubnintendo/index.html)
- [Privacy Policy](privacy.html)
- [Links to other Gaming sites](links.htm)- [More Information about the Code Book](about.html)
---
###### Copyright 1994-2011 David Dayton.
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<h3 align=CENTER><font color="#FFFEFA" face="Courier New,Courier,Monaco" size="+1">[ <a href="index.html">Index</a> | </font><font face="Courier New,Courier,Monaco" size="+1"><a href="EV.html">Escape Velocity</a></font><font color="#FFFEFA" face="Courier New,Courier,Monaco" size="+1"> | EV: Override | <a href="novaships.html">EV: Nova SOTD</a> ]</font></h3>
<h3 align=CENTER><font face="Arial,Helvetica,Geneva,Swiss,SunSans-Regular" size="+2">EV:O's Ships and Their Statistics</font></h3>
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER>Note: NOT PURCHASABLE means that you can't purchase it
at the START of the game, but will be available later through certain missions.</H3>
<H3 ALIGN=CENTER><TABLE WIDTH="100%" HEIGHT="4318" BORDER="1" CELLSPACING=
"2" CELLPADDING="0">
<TR height="90">
<TD WIDTH="18%" HEIGHT="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <B>Ship Picture</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="11%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER><B> Ship Name</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="6%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER><B> Shield</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="6%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <B>Armor</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="6%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <B>Cost</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="5%" height="90"><B> Max Speed</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="10%" height="90"> <B>Acceleration</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="7%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <B>Cargo and Weapons Space</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="9%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <B>Pre-loaded Weapons</B></TD>
<TD WIDTH="13%" height="90"><P ALIGN=CENTER><B>Comments</B></TD>
</TR>
<TR height="78">
<TD HEIGHT="78" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/EVOShuttle.gif" WIDTH="34" HEIGHT="26"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Shuttlecraft</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 180</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 80</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 10,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 200 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 435 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 20 Cargo, 15 Weapons</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 1 Blaze Cannon</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="78"><P ALIGN=CENTER> You start the game with one</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="111">
<TD HEIGHT="111" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/UEFreight.gif" WIDTH="86" HEIGHT="83" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Freighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 300</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER>150,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 100 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 190 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 160, 50</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NONE</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="111"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Don't leave core UE space if you are using a Freighter,
you won't last even a moment</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="173">
<TD HEIGHT="173" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/UEFight.gif" WIDTH="34" HEIGHT="33" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> UE Fighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>50</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 100,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 300 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>650 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1, 21</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>4 Blaze Cannons, 2 Rockets</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE <BR>
A very powerful fighter, in my mind greater than the Crescent fighter, only
purchase if you plan on raiding or ships, not if you plan on doing any cargo
missions.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="173">
<TD HEIGHT="173" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/UEDestroyer.gif" WIDTH="67" HEIGHT="33"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> UE Destroyer</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1200</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 2 Mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 150 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>350 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>30, 35</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Blaze Turrets, 5 Rockets, 5 Hunter Missiles</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="173"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE <BR>
Dangerous and powerful ship, can easily destroy a Voinian Cruiser in packs.
they make good escorts if you have the money, but aren't very good alone.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="142">
<TD HEIGHT="142" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/UECarrier.gif" WIDTH="83" HEIGHT="60" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> UE Carrier</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>800</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>6 Mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>75 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>140 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>50, 45</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Blaze Turrets, 10 Hunter Missiles, 5 UE Fighters</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Carrier itself is not very dangerous, but its payload of UE Fighters
can shred all but the most powerful enemies.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="96">
<TD HEIGHT="96" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/VoiFreight.gif" WIDTH="52" HEIGHT="37"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Voinian Supply Ship</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>40</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 300,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>75 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>120 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250, 40</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1 Neutron Turret</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
Never buy the Supply Ship, it's only good for plundering</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="188">
<TD HEIGHT="188" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/VoiHvyFight.gif" WIDTH="36" HEIGHT="27"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Voinian Heavy Fighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>20</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>200</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 200 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>20, 10</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Neutron Cannons, 5 Rockets</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="188"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
This is the worst fighter next to the Emalgha, sure, it has firepower, but
it slowness and minor amounts of protection leave it lacking. Makes a great
ship to capture as an escort.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="219">
<TD HEIGHT="219" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/VoiFrigate.gif" WIDTH="65" HEIGHT="51"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Voinian Frigate</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>5 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>110 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>240 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 60, 55</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2 Neutron Turrets, 25 Turreted Rockets</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="219"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Voinian Frigate is available after the Voinian missions. It has an advantage
and a disadvantage. Its advantage is its almost impervious armor to non-UE
weapons. Its disadvantage is its utter slowness and lack of maneuverability</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="203">
<TD HEIGHT="203" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/VoiCruiser.gif" WIDTH="95" HEIGHT="81"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Voinian Cruiser</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>150</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>5000</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>14 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 75 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>120 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>90, 80</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Neutron Turrets,<BR>
40 Turreted Rockets, 4 Voinian Heavy Fighters</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="203"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Voinian Cruiser is one of the most destructive ships ever designed.
No Crescent ship can stop it. The only thing it needs is a speed upgrade.
The only ship comparable is the UE Cruiser.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="81">
<TD HEIGHT="81" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/EVOScout.gif" WIDTH="41" HEIGHT="23" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Scoutship</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER>50</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 200 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER>375 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 40, 30</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 2 Blaze Cannons</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="81"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Great little ship, all it needs are a few more blaze cannons
and you can be a pirate</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="142">
<TD HEIGHT="142" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/FreightCour.gif" WIDTH="56" HEIGHT="41"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Freight-Courier</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>600 </TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 1 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>175 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 80, 50</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 2 Blaze Turrets, 5 Hunter Missiles</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> The most mediocre ship around, its got a large cargo
hold, but not enough shields to protect it. Weaponry stinks for the price
you pay and the thing's as slow as molasses.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="222">
<TD HEIGHT="222" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Dreadnout.gif" WIDTH="124" HEIGHT=
"91" ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Voinian Dreadnought</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 1500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER>15000</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER>30 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 60 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 100 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 150, 150</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER>6 Neutron Turrets, 10 Voinian Interceptors, 120 Turreted
Rockets</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="222"><P ALIGN=CENTER> NEVER PURCHASABLE <BR>
The scourge of the galaxy, this behemoth will annihilate all but the most
powerful ships. Its practically unlimited supply of rockets are deadly at
close range and a single pass on it can kill you. Wait at a distance and
let it use up its rockets and fighters on the destroyers nearby. Only attempt
its mission if you have done a lot more in the galaxy and are trained in
combat.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="96">
<TD HEIGHT="96" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/VoinInter.gif" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="24" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Voinian Interceptor</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>50</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>200,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>500 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 10, 10</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2 Neutron Cannons</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>An all-round better ship than the Heavy Figher.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="112">
<TD HEIGHT="112" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Krait.gif" WIDTH="32" HEIGHT="28" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Krait</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>0</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 50,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>350 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>700 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 0, 20</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Blaze Cannon</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>The wimpiest ship in the galaxy. The Krait is the average
pirate raiding ship. DON'T BUY IT!</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="127">
<TD HEIGHT="127" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Turncoat.gif" WIDTH="57" HEIGHT="47" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Turncoat</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>750</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1.5 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>120 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>280 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 65, 50</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2 Blaze Turrets, 3 Kraits, 10 Needle Missiles</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="127"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Nasty pirate ship early on. Any Crescent can take it out,
but a UE Courier or Scoutship is doomed. Its Kraits are just annoying.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="112">
<TD HEIGHT="112" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Helian.gif" WIDTH="43" HEIGHT="36" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Helian</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>350</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>180 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>320 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 50, 40</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Blaze Cannons, 5 Needle Missiles</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Good ship to purchase early on, it can defend itself and
can carry a good amount of cargo.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="158">
<TD HEIGHT="158" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/UECruiser.gif" WIDTH="101" HEIGHT="84"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>UE Cruiser</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3000</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1000</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>10,5 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>225 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 50, 40</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>4 Blaze Turrets, 15 Hunter Missiles, 15 Rockets, 5 UE Fighters</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The UE Cruiser is a good ship but it does not have the strength of an Igazra.
Its UE Fighters are the best tool for destroying more powerful ships.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="142">
<TD HEIGHT="142" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Turncoat.gif" WIDTH="57" HEIGHT="47" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>The Nadir</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 1500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>150 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>350 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 0, 0</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 4 Blaze Turrets, 6 Kraits, 200 Needle Missiles, 20
Hunter Missiles</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NEVER PURCHASABLE<BR>
Only found in a certain mission, this is no ordinary Turncoat. Be prepared
to fight a good deal more to kill this one.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="142">
<TD HEIGHT="142" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/MirCour.gif" WIDTH="34" HEIGHT="47" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="142"> Miranu Courier</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 500,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>175 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 60, 30</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1 Phase Turret</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="142"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Great ship, it can go forever without having to stop and
refuel. It has a fuel tank of 15 jumps. It can carry a good amount of cargo
and has fair shields for its type.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="112">
<TD HEIGHT="112" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="evoimages/MirFreight.gif" WIDTH="58" HEIGHT="49" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"> </TD>
<TD width="11%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Miranu Freighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>600</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>800,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>120 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>240 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 240, 40</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1 Phase Turret, 10 Defense Pods</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="112"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Can't survive a fire fight but can haul one heck of a lot
of cargo. Good if you're just a commodity trader.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="141">
<TD HEIGHT="141" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/MirHFreight.gif" WIDTH="77" HEIGHT="52"
ALIGN="BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Miranu Heavy Freighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 800</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1.2 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>85 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>150 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>500, 50 </TD>
<TD width="9%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1 Phase Turret, 15 Defense Pods</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="141"><P ALIGN=CENTER>The ultimate ship for a commodity trader, it can carry twice
as much cargo as the Miranu Freighter and its defenses are a bit stronger</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="96">
<TD HEIGHT="96" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/CresFight.gif" WIDTH="32" HEIGHT="29" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Crescent Fighter</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>0</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 800,000 Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>450 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1000 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 5, 45</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 4 Phase Cannons</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="96"><P ALIGN=CENTER>The average fighter of the Crescent, its best selling point
is its blinding speed.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="143">
<TD HEIGHT="143" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="evoimages/Arada.gif" WIDTH="45" HEIGHT="38" ALIGN="BOTTOM"
NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"> </TD>
<TD width="11%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Arada</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>100</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>600 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>40, 80</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 4 Phase Cannons</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="143"><P ALIGN=CENTER>This sweet little ship costs as much as a Freight-Courier,
but it has many uses it can be modified to. There are different versions
of this ship throughout the different Strands.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="174">
<TD HEIGHT="174" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/CresWar.gif" WIDTH="73" HEIGHT="54" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Crescent Warship</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>9 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>175 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>300 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 70, 35</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Phase Turrets, 3 Crescent Fighters, 15 SAD Modules</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="174"><P ALIGN=CENTER>Most powerful civilian ship, it carries 3 Crescent Fighters,
a devastating arsenal and hard shields. Its a good ship until you can upgrade
to one of the governments' military cruisers.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="158">
<TD HEIGHT="158" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/ZidWar.gif" WIDTH="55" HEIGHT="44" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Zidara</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1800</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>150</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>5.5 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER> 250 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>450 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>40, 30</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2 Phase Turrets, 10 Dispersal Rockets, 2 Phased Beams, 2
Zidagar Fighters</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="158"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Zidara is a cruiser that handles like a heavy fighter. While its shields
are weak, its handling makes it deadly. Its fighters are nothing to toy
with as well.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="179">
<TD HEIGHT="179" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/AzdFight.gif" WIDTH="30" HEIGHT="52" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Azdara</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>190</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>0</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1.5 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>550 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1800 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>1, 27</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>3 Swivel Phase Cannons</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="179"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
These ships are like flies, one will annoy you , seven will drive you mad.
If a pack of these guys attacks you, your best defense is to fire dispersal
or normal rockets at them. If they leave the screen their shields will have
regenerated to full by the time you see them again, so you need to kill
them quickly or you won't be able to.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="180">
<TD HEIGHT="180" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/Igazra.gif" WIDTH="79" HEIGHT="39" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Igazra</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>5000</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>400</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>15 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>130 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>275 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>40, 40</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>5 Phase Turrets, 30 SAE Modules, 10 Dispersal Rockets</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="180"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NOT PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Igazra is the most powerful ship in the galaxy, next only to the Dreadnought.
Its phase turrets can eliminate most opposition by themselves. Destroying
one of these ships takes patience and a lot of armor, high shield won't
do you any good versus this thing.</TD>
</TR>
<TR height="206">
<TD HEIGHT="206" width="18%"><P ALIGN=CENTER> <IMG SRC="evoimages/AzdWar.gif" WIDTH="72" HEIGHT="51" ALIGN=
"BOTTOM" NATURALSIZEFLAG="3"></TD>
<TD width="11%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER> Azdgari Warship</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>2500</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>250</TD>
<TD width="6%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>12 mil. Credits</TD>
<TD width="5%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>175 MPH</TD>
<TD width="10%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>350 MPH per sec.</TD>
<TD width="7%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>55, 20</TD>
<TD width="9%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>4 Phase Turrets, 6 Azdara Fighters</TD>
<TD width="13%" height="206"><P ALIGN=CENTER>NEVER PURCHASABLE<BR>
The Azdgari Warship is a modified Crescent Warship thus you can modify yours
to like this one. Its fighters are as devastating as UE Fighters because
of the number it carries.</TD>
</TR>
</TABLE>
</H3>
<CENTER><SMALL><FONT COLOR="#FFFFFF">All images courtesy of <a href="http://www.ambrosiasw.com">Ambrosia Software</a></FONT></SMALL></CENTER>
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EV:Override - The Ships
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### [ [Index](index.html) | [Escape Velocity](EV.html) | EV: Override | [EV: Nova SOTD](novaships.html) ]
### EV:O's Ships and Their Statistics
### Note: NOT PURCHASABLE means that you can't purchase it
at the START of the game, but will be available later through certain missions.
###
| | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **Ship Picture** | **Ship Name** | **Shield** | **Armor** | **Cost** | **Max Speed** | **Acceleration** | **Cargo and Weapons Space** | **Pre-loaded Weapons** | **Comments** |
| | Shuttlecraft | 180 | 80 | 10,000 Credits | 200 MPH | 435 MPH per sec. | 20 Cargo, 15 Weapons | 1 Blaze Cannon | You start the game with one |
| | Freighter | 250 | 300 | 150,000 Credits | 100 MPH | 190 MPH per sec. | 160, 50 | NONE | Don't leave core UE space if you are using a Freighter,
you won't last even a moment |
| | UE Fighter | 250 | 50 | 100,000 Credits | 300 MPH | 650 MPH per sec. | 1, 21 | 4 Blaze Cannons, 2 Rockets | NOT PURCHASABLE
A very powerful fighter, in my mind greater than the Crescent fighter, only
purchase if you plan on raiding or ships, not if you plan on doing any cargo
missions. |
| | UE Destroyer | 1200 | 400 | 2 Mil. Credits | 150 MPH | 350 MPH per sec. | 30, 35 | 3 Blaze Turrets, 5 Rockets, 5 Hunter Missiles | NOT PURCHASABLE
Dangerous and powerful ship, can easily destroy a Voinian Cruiser in packs.
they make good escorts if you have the money, but aren't very good alone. |
| | UE Carrier | 1500 | 800 | 6 Mil. Credits | 75 MPH | 140 MPH per sec. | 50, 45 | 3 Blaze Turrets, 10 Hunter Missiles, 5 UE Fighters | NOT PURCHASABLE
The Carrier itself is not very dangerous, but its payload of UE Fighters
can shred all but the most powerful enemies. |
| | Voinian Supply Ship | 40 | 400 | 300,000 Credits | 75 MPH | 120 MPH per sec. | 250, 40 | 1 Neutron Turret | NOT PURCHASABLE
Never buy the Supply Ship, it's only good for plundering |
| | Voinian Heavy Fighter | 20 | 200 | 300,000 Credits | 200 MPH | 400 MPH per sec. | 20, 10 | 3 Neutron Cannons, 5 Rockets | NOT PURCHASABLE
This is the worst fighter next to the Emalgha, sure, it has firepower, but
it slowness and minor amounts of protection leave it lacking. Makes a great
ship to capture as an escort. |
| | Voinian Frigate | 100 | 2500 | 5 mil. Credits | 110 MPH | 240 MPH per sec. | 60, 55 | 2 Neutron Turrets, 25 Turreted Rockets | NOT PURCHASABLE
The Voinian Frigate is available after the Voinian missions. It has an advantage
and a disadvantage. Its advantage is its almost impervious armor to non-UE
weapons. Its disadvantage is its utter slowness and lack of maneuverability |
| | Voinian Cruiser | 150 | 5000 | 14 mil. Credits | 75 MPH | 120 MPH per sec. | 90, 80 | 3 Neutron Turrets,
40 Turreted Rockets, 4 Voinian Heavy Fighters | NOT PURCHASABLE
The Voinian Cruiser is one of the most destructive ships ever designed.
No Crescent ship can stop it. The only thing it needs is a speed upgrade.
The only ship comparable is the UE Cruiser. |
| | Scoutship | 250 | 50 | 100,000 Credits | 200 MPH | 375 MPH per sec. | 40, 30 | 2 Blaze Cannons | Great little ship, all it needs are a few more blaze cannons
and you can be a pirate |
| | Freight-Courier | 600 | 250 | 1 mil. Credits | 175 MPH | 300 MPH per sec. | 80, 50 | 2 Blaze Turrets, 5 Hunter Missiles | The most mediocre ship around, its got a large cargo
hold, but not enough shields to protect it. Weaponry stinks for the price
you pay and the thing's as slow as molasses. |
| | Voinian Dreadnought | 1500 | 15000 | 30 mil. Credits | 60 MPH | 100 MPH per sec. | 150, 150 | 6 Neutron Turrets, 10 Voinian Interceptors, 120 Turreted
Rockets | NEVER PURCHASABLE
The scourge of the galaxy, this behemoth will annihilate all but the most
powerful ships. Its practically unlimited supply of rockets are deadly at
close range and a single pass on it can kill you. Wait at a distance and
let it use up its rockets and fighters on the destroyers nearby. Only attempt
its mission if you have done a lot more in the galaxy and are trained in
combat. |
| | Voinian Interceptor | 50 | 250 | 200,000 Credits | 250 MPH | 500 MPH per sec. | 10, 10 | 2 Neutron Cannons | NOT PURCHASABLEAn all-round better ship than the Heavy Figher. |
| | Krait | 100 | 0 | 50,000 Credits | 350 MPH | 700 MPH per sec. | 0, 20 | 3 Blaze Cannon | The wimpiest ship in the galaxy. The Krait is the average
pirate raiding ship. DON'T BUY IT! |
| | Turncoat | 750 | 300 | 1.5 mil. Credits | 120 MPH | 280 MPH per sec. | 65, 50 | 2 Blaze Turrets, 3 Kraits, 10 Needle Missiles | Nasty pirate ship early on. Any Crescent can take it out,
but a UE Courier or Scoutship is doomed. Its Kraits are just annoying. |
| | Helian | 350 | 100 | 250,000 Credits | 180 MPH | 320 MPH per sec. | 50, 40 | 3 Blaze Cannons, 5 Needle Missiles | Good ship to purchase early on, it can defend itself and
can carry a good amount of cargo. |
| | UE Cruiser | 3000 | 1000 | 10,5 mil. Credits | 100 MPH | 225 MPH per sec. | 50, 40 | 4 Blaze Turrets, 15 Hunter Missiles, 15 Rockets, 5 UE Fighters | NOT PURCHASABLE
The UE Cruiser is a good ship but it does not have the strength of an Igazra.
Its UE Fighters are the best tool for destroying more powerful ships. |
| | The Nadir | 1500 | 500 | 100 mil. Credits | 150 MPH | 350 MPH per sec. | 0, 0 | 4 Blaze Turrets, 6 Kraits, 200 Needle Missiles, 20
Hunter Missiles | NEVER PURCHASABLE
Only found in a certain mission, this is no ordinary Turncoat. Be prepared
to fight a good deal more to kill this one. |
| | Miranu Courier | 400 | 100 | 500,000 Credits | 175 MPH | 300 MPH per sec. | 60, 30 | 1 Phase Turret | Great ship, it can go forever without having to stop and
refuel. It has a fuel tank of 15 jumps. It can carry a good amount of cargo
and has fair shields for its type. |
| | Miranu Freighter | 600 | 250 | 800,000 Credits | 120 MPH | 240 MPH per sec. | 240, 40 | 1 Phase Turret, 10 Defense Pods | Can't survive a fire fight but can haul one heck of a lot
of cargo. Good if you're just a commodity trader. |
| | Miranu Heavy Freighter | 800 | 400 | 1.2 mil. Credits | 85 MPH | 150 MPH per sec. | 500, 50 | 1 Phase Turret, 15 Defense Pods | The ultimate ship for a commodity trader, it can carry twice
as much cargo as the Miranu Freighter and its defenses are a bit stronger |
| | Crescent Fighter | 250 | 0 | 800,000 Credits | 450 MPH | 1000 MPH per sec. | 5, 45 | 4 Phase Cannons | The average fighter of the Crescent, its best selling point
is its blinding speed. |
| | Arada | 500 | 100 | 1 mil. Credits | 300 MPH | 600 MPH per sec. | 40, 80 | 4 Phase Cannons | This sweet little ship costs as much as a Freight-Courier,
but it has many uses it can be modified to. There are different versions
of this ship throughout the different Strands. |
| | Crescent Warship | 2500 | 250 | 9 mil. Credits | 175 MPH | 300 MPH per sec. | 70, 35 | 3 Phase Turrets, 3 Crescent Fighters, 15 SAD Modules | Most powerful civilian ship, it carries 3 Crescent Fighters,
a devastating arsenal and hard shields. Its a good ship until you can upgrade
to one of the governments' military cruisers. |
| | Zidara | 1800 | 150 | 5.5 mil. Credits | 250 MPH | 450 MPH per sec. | 40, 30 | 2 Phase Turrets, 10 Dispersal Rockets, 2 Phased Beams, 2
Zidagar Fighters | NOT PURCHASABLE
The Zidara is a cruiser that handles like a heavy fighter. While its shields
are weak, its handling makes it deadly. Its fighters are nothing to toy
with as well. |
| | Azdara | 190 | 0 | 1.5 mil. Credits | 550 MPH | 1800 MPH per sec. | 1, 27 | 3 Swivel Phase Cannons | NOT PURCHASABLE
These ships are like flies, one will annoy you , seven will drive you mad.
If a pack of these guys attacks you, your best defense is to fire dispersal
or normal rockets at them. If they leave the screen their shields will have
regenerated to full by the time you see them again, so you need to kill
them quickly or you won't be able to. |
| | Igazra | 5000 | 400 | 15 mil. Credits | 130 MPH | 275 MPH per sec. | 40, 40 | 5 Phase Turrets, 30 SAE Modules, 10 Dispersal Rockets | NOT PURCHASABLE
The Igazra is the most powerful ship in the galaxy, next only to the Dreadnought.
Its phase turrets can eliminate most opposition by themselves. Destroying
one of these ships takes patience and a lot of armor, high shield won't
do you any good versus this thing. |
| | Azdgari Warship | 2500 | 250 | 12 mil. Credits | 175 MPH | 350 MPH per sec. | 55, 20 | 4 Phase Turrets, 6 Azdara Fighters | NEVER PURCHASABLE
The Azdgari Warship is a modified Crescent Warship thus you can modify yours
to like this one. Its fighters are as devastating as UE Fighters because
of the number it carries. |
All images courtesy of [Ambrosia Software](http://www.ambrosiasw.com)
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<center><img src="pyaray.jpg" border="2" height="439" width="300"><br>
<b><font color="#33ccff"><font size="+3">Pyaray</font></font></b>
<br>
<font color="#66ffff"><font size="+2">Lord of the Ocean Abysses</font></font>
<br>
<font color="#66ffff"><font size="+2">"Whisperer of Impossible
Secrets"</font></font></center>
<p><font color="#ffffff">So who is this big fish anyway?</font> <br>
<font color="#ffffff">Well actually, an octopus is a cephalopod
mollusk,
not a fish.</font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffffff">Pyaray is one of the gods listed in the
book "Elric
Of Melnibone". He is the "Lord of the Ocean Abysses" and commands
the "Chaos Fleet", a flotilla of sunken ships manned by undead
sailors.
He is also known as the "Whisperer of Impossible Secrets", which is why
I chose him as my username.</font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffffff">I intend this web site to give
information freely,
mostly about video games, both playing and writing. I am a
programmer
by trade. I have been programming for over 30
years,
and feel I have a few things to teach. In the past I also wrote
articles for computer magazines, but I've pretty much stopped doing
that due to lack of free time.</font> </p><p><font color="#ffffff">Here is a list of currently available
articles:</font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffcccc"><a href="articles/firstgame.htm">The
first game,
what do I need to know?</a></font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffcccc"><a href="articles/lines.htm">What is an
integer
line algorithm, and why do I need to know?</a></font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffcccc"><a href="articles/random.htm">Random
numbers,
why they aren’t and shouldn’t be</a></font> </p>
<p><font color="#ffcccc"><a href="articles/compress.htm">Compression</a></font></p><p><a href="articles/hex.htm">Hexadecimal and Binary, a primer</a>
</p>
<p><a href="articles/logical.htm">Boolean Operators, logical and
bitwise</a> </p>
<p><a href="articles/badgames.html">How and
why bad games get made and published</a><br>
<br>
<font color="#ffffff">I am also an Amazon.com
Associates to help you buy books that I recommend here on this
site. All you have to do is click on the Amazon.com logo, or the
"buy book" link and you'll be taken to the Amazon.com web site to do
all
your book purchases.</font> </p>
<center>
<p><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/redirect-home/pyaray"><img src="a130x70bb.gif" border="2" height="70" width="130"></a><br>
<font color="#009900">Click the link above to be taken to
Amazon.com!</font> </p>
</center>
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<center>
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<tr>
<td>
<center><font color="#ffff00">Last updated on June 5, 2013</font> (removing bad links only)<br>
<hr width="100%"></center>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><font color="#3366ff"><font size="-2">The image of Pyaray
above was painted
by Chris Naves from source artwork by TSR games. The book that
the
source image is from is "Deities & Demigods Cyclopedia", ISBN
0-935696-22-9.
Chris is a fantastic artist who works on games, and you'll probably see
more of his work in the coming months on this site.</font></font></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</center>
</body></html> |
Beginning Game Programming Secrets
| |
| --- |
|
**Pyaray**
Lord of the Ocean Abysses
"Whisperer of Impossible
Secrets"
So who is this big fish anyway?
Well actually, an octopus is a cephalopod
mollusk,
not a fish.
Pyaray is one of the gods listed in the
book "Elric
Of Melnibone". He is the "Lord of the Ocean Abysses" and commands
the "Chaos Fleet", a flotilla of sunken ships manned by undead
sailors.
He is also known as the "Whisperer of Impossible Secrets", which is why
I chose him as my username.
I intend this web site to give
information freely,
mostly about video games, both playing and writing. I am a
programmer
by trade. I have been programming for over 30
years,
and feel I have a few things to teach. In the past I also wrote
articles for computer magazines, but I've pretty much stopped doing
that due to lack of free time. Here is a list of currently available
articles:
[The
first game,
what do I need to know?](articles/firstgame.htm)
[What is an
integer
line algorithm, and why do I need to know?](articles/lines.htm)
[Random
numbers,
why they aren’t and shouldn’t be](articles/random.htm)
[Compression](articles/compress.htm)[Hexadecimal and Binary, a primer](articles/hex.htm)
[Boolean Operators, logical and
bitwise](articles/logical.htm)
[How and
why bad games get made and published](articles/badgames.html)
I am also an Amazon.com
Associates to help you buy books that I recommend here on this
site. All you have to do is click on the Amazon.com logo, or the
"buy book" link and you'll be taken to the Amazon.com web site to do
all
your book purchases.
Click the link above to be taken to
Amazon.com!
|
|
---
|
| Last updated on June 5, 2013 (removing bad links only)
---
|
| The image of Pyaray
above was painted
by Chris Naves from source artwork by TSR games. The book that
the
source image is from is "Deities & Demigods Cyclopedia", ISBN
0-935696-22-9.
Chris is a fantastic artist who works on games, and you'll probably see
more of his work in the coming months on this site. |
| http://pyaray.com/ |
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<b>MEWBIES@: <a href="https://www.facebook.com/Mewbies" TARGET="_blank">Facebook</a> <a href="https://twitter.com/mewbies" TARGET="_blank">Twitter</a> <a href="https://plus.google.com/+Mewbies" TARGET="_blank">G+</a> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/mewbiesdotcom" TARGET="_blank">YouTube</a> <a href="http://mewbies.deviantart.com" TARGET="_blank">DeviantArt</a></b> <b><a href="http://mewbies.com/mewbies_posting/index.php" TARGET="_blank">Forum</a> <a href="http://www.yourworldoftext.com/mewbies" TARGET="_blank">Wall</a></b>
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<TD> <b><span style="font-size:13px">SHARE:</span></b></TD>
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</TR></TABLE><pre>
âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
ââ ââ
ââ - <b>FUN ON THE TERMINAL</b> - ââ
ââ <b>PUBLIC TELNET ASCII ART, GAMES, ETC (ALL OSes)</b> ââ
â ââ
â ââ
â Connect to other servers through <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telnet" TARGET="_blank">telnet</a> to view their animated ASCII art, ââ
â games, etc they offer the public. If no port is specified than it is the ââ
â default port 23; you don't need to specify it. ââ
â ââ
â To quit the telnet session: Ctrl + ] (^]) ââ
â To exit telnet type in: <b>quit</b> ââ
â ââ
â <b>Window users</b> do this through the cmd prompt window: Start menu / Run / ââ
â type in: <b>cmd</b> ââ
â Press OK. Then copy/paste press the telnet cmd line into the cmd prompt ââ
â window, press your Enter key to connect. ââ
â ââ
â <b>Linux and Mac users</b> copy/paste the telnet cmd line into your terminal, ââ
â press your Enter key to connect. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A HREF="#telnet_misc">MISC TELNET SITES</b></A> ââ
â <b><A HREF="#telnet_muds">GAMES / MUDS</b></A> ââ
â <b><A HREF="#telnets_mucks">GAMES / MUCKS</b></A> ââ
â <b><A HREF="#telnet_more">MORE TELNET SITES</b></A> ââ
â <b><A HREF="#telnet_own">OPEN YOUR OWN TELNET SERVER OR BBS</b></A> ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A NAME="telnet_misc"></A>MISC TELNET SITES:</b> ââ
â `````````````````` ââ
â <b><a href="http://blinkenlights.nl/services.html#starwars" TARGET="_blank">STAR WARS EPISODE IV:</a></b> ââ
â /~\ ââ
â |oo ) At last! ââ
â _\=/_ ââ
â ___ / _ \ ââ
â / ()\ //|/.\|\\ ââ
â _|_____|_ || \_/ || ââ
â | | === | | || |\ /| || ââ
â |_| O |_| # \_ _/ # ââ
â || O || | | | ââ
â ||__*__|| | | | ââ
â |~ \___/ ~| []|[] ââ
â /=\ /=\ /=\ | | | ââ
â ________________[_]_[_]_[_]________/_]_[_\_________________________ ââ
â ââ
â I think this is the most viewed of all ASCII art on a public telnet: ââ
â <b>telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl</b> ââ
â ââ
â If you have an IPv6 you can watch in color and extra scenes. ââ
â ââ
â <a href="http://blinkenlights.nl/stats.html" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a> you can view the stats of users that have watched. ââ
â <a href="http://www.asciimation.co.nz/" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a> you can view it your browser. ââ
â And best of all you can now run it in telnet on your own server! :) ââ
â Below is how: ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://www.asciimation.co.nz/" TARGET="_blank">THE BOFH EXCUSE SERVER</a>:</b> ââ
â "Spits out an excuse based on the bastard operator from hell stories". On ââ
â the same server as Star Wars: ââ
â <b>telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl 666</b> ââ
â ââ
â It will output one excuse then your telnet will exit. To view another ââ
â connect again. ââ
â For example the output: ââ
â microelectronic Riemannian curved-space fault in write-only file system ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://www.masswerk.at/googleBBS/" TARGET="_blank">GOOGLE BBS TERMINAL</a>:</b> ââ
â ââ
<a href="geek_fun_files/telnet/google_bbs.png" TARGET="_blank"><img alt="Google BBS" src="geek_fun_files/telnet/google_bbs_t.png" border="0" width="467" height="271"></a>
â <a href="http://www.masswerk.at/googleBBS/" TARGET="_blank">Google BBS</a>. "What Google would have looked like in the 80s" including ââ
â sounds. Click on Options to change settings and Images to search images. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://web.archive.org/web/20130827234615/http://miku.acm.uiuc.edu/" TARGET="_blank">NYAN CAT</a>:</b> ââ
â ââ
<a href="geek_fun_files/telnet/telnet_nyan_cat.png" TARGET="_blank"><img alt="nyan cat" src="geek_fun_files/telnet/ttelnet_nyan_cat.png" border="0" width="461" height="236"></a>
â ââ
â <b>telnet -t vtnt miku.acm.uiuc.edu</b> ââ
â Nyan Cat is explained <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyan_Cat" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://telehack.com" TARGET="_blank">TELEHACK</a>:</b> ââ
â "Telehack is a simulation of a sylized arpanet/usenet, circa 1985-1990. It ââ
â is a full multi-user simulation, including 25,000 hosts and BBS's the ââ
â early net, thousands of files from the ero, a collection of adventure and ââ
â IF games, a working BASIC interpreter with a library of programs to run, ââ
â simulated historical users, and more." ââ
â ââ
â Window users can now have a chance to try some of them out. They also have ââ
â the site on a terminal emulator <a href="http://telehack.com" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. List of available commands on ââ
â telehack.com <a href="http://telehack.wikia.com/wiki/List_of_all_commands" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. ââ
â ââ
â <b>telnet telehack.com</b> ââ
â Once logged in, give it a try: ââ
â <b>cowsay hellooo</b> ââ
â Try <b>joke</b> or <b>eliza</b> to have an interactive consultation with the ââ
â psychotherapist. ââ
â Play a game, enter <b>zrun</b> for the list of games, then zrun [game] ââ
â To list again available cmds: <b>?</b> ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A NAME="telnet_muds"></A>GAMES / MUDS:</b> ââ
â ````````````` ââ
â <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUD" TARGET="_blank">MUD</a> - Multi-User Dungeon. Text-based real-time adventure role-playing ââ
â games. ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://www.aardwolf.com/" TARGET="_blank">AARDWOLF MUD</a>:</b> ââ
â <b>telnet aardmud.org</b> ââ
â Type <b>new</b> then follow by creating a name and pass. ââ
â ââ
â ########################################################################## ââ
â #[ --- Welcome to Aardwolf MUD --- ]######################## ââ
â #[ ]############ /" ####### ââ
â #[ Players Currently Online: 297 ]######## _-`"""', ##### ââ
â #[ ]##### _-" ) #### ââ
â #[ Game Last Rebooted on 18 Mar 22:51:36 ]### _-" | #### ââ
â ################################################## _-" ; ##### ââ
â ######################################## __---___-" | ###### ââ
â ##################################### _" ,, ; `,, ## ââ
â ################################### _-" ;'' | ,' ; ## ââ
â ################################# _" ' `"' ; ## ââ
â ########################## __---; ,' #### ââ
â ####################### __"" ___ ,' ###### ââ
â ################### _-"" -"" _ ,' ######## ââ
â ################## `-_ _ ; ########## ââ
â #################### ""----""" ; ; ########### ââ
â ###################### / ; ; ############ ââ
â #################### / ; ; ############# ââ
â ################## / ` ; ############## ââ
â ################ / ; ############### ââ
â ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ââ
â Enter your character name or type 'NEW' to create a new character ââ
â ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://zombiemud.org" TARGET="_blank">ZOMBIEMUD</a>:</b> ââ
â ââ
â Welcome to ... ââ
â ___ __ __) __ __) ______ ââ
â (, ) /) , (, /| /| (, / / (, / ) ââ
â / ______ (/_ _ / | / | / / / / ââ
â _/_(_) // (_/_) _(__(/_) / |/ |_ / / _/___ /_ ââ
â ) / (_/ ' (___(_ (_/___ / ââ
â (__ / ââ
â ... online since 1994. ââ
â ââ
â <b>telnet zombiemud.org</b> ââ
â Once logged in enter <b>c</b> to create a new character. ââ
â Then type in any name to start, such as: <b>tester</b> ââ
â Then type in <b>1</b> if you are new. ââ
â Reply: ââ
â The skull whispers 'Ok, I guess it's you and me then, ain't I lucky.' ââ
â ââ
â <b>DRUGWARS:</b> ââ
â _____------ __ ----_ ââ
â ___---- ___------ \ ââ
â ----________ ---- \ ââ
â -----__ | _____) ââ
â __- / \ ââ
â _______----- ___-- \ /)\ ââ
â ------_______ ---____ \__/ / ââ
â Design by: -----__ \ -- _ /\ ââ
â --__--__ \_____/ \_/\ ââ
â Katja Nyboe, Tom Madsen, ----| / | ââ
â Hans Henrik Staerfeldt, | |___________| ââ
â Michael Seifer, Sabastian Hammer. | | ((_(_)| )_) ââ
â | \_((_(_)|/(_) ââ
â \ ( ââ
â \_____________) ââ
â -Drug Wars- ââ
â Name confirmation is not necessary here, BUT if we think your ââ
â name is unappropriate you will be asked to change it. ââ
â Parental Advisory ââ
â Contains Language Which May Be Unsuitable For Some People ââ
â EXPLICIT WORDS / LANGUAGE EXPLISITE / EXPLICIT WORDS / LANGUAGE EXPLISITE ââ
â ââ
â Developed at <a href="http://www.diku.dk/english/" TARGET="_blank">DIKU</a> -The Department of Computer Science at the University of ââ
â Copenhagen. Just recently back online, Apr '13, welcome back :). ââ
â <b>telnet 99.249.157.57 2528</b> ââ
â Once prompted create a name for yourself, then a pass. ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://www.achaea.com" TARGET="_blank">ACHAEA, DREAMS OF DIVINE LAND</a>:</b> ââ
â <b>telnet achaea.com</b> ââ
â Enter <b>2</b> to create a new character. ââ
â Then enter a 'fantasy' name you want to create. Try <a href="http://www.rinkworks.com/namegen/" TARGET="_blank">THIS</a> online name ââ
â generator to come up with a working one; select Fantasy from the drop down ââ
â list. ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://mud.darkerrealms.org/dark/" TARGET="_blank">DARKER REALMS</a>:</b> ââ
â Darker Realms online since 1990. "It was one of the first LPMuds to open, ââ
â and is the oldest continually running LPMud in the United States and the ââ
â second oldest in the world. It was also the first MUD of any kind to ââ
â feature a quest-based advancement system." ââ
â <b>telnet mud.darkerrealms.org 2000</b> ââ
â Create a name and then a pass. After type in: <b>help newbie</b> ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://darkrealms.ca" TARGET="_blank">DARKREALMS</a>:</b> ââ
â Darkrealms online since 1994 providing online games, message forums, chat ââ
â rooms and file transfer. They have a beautiful ANSI art interface. They ââ
â also have a flash based web interface <a href="http://darkrealms.ca" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. ââ
â <b>telnet darkrealms.ca</b> ââ
â ââ
<img src="geek_fun_files/telnet/darkrealms.ca_login.png" onmouseover="this.src='geek_fun_files/telnet/darkrealms.ca_menu.png'" onmouseout="this.src='geek_fun_files/telnet/darkrealms.ca_login.png'" /></a>
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A NAME="telnets_mucks"></A>GAMES / MUCKS:</b> ââ
â `````````````` ââ
â <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TinyMUCK" TARGET="_blank">MUCK</a> - "Multi-User Chat/Created/Computer/Character/Carnal Kingdom. ââ
â Text-based role-playing game, designed for social interaction." ââ
â ââ
â <b><a NAME="furrymuck"></a><a href="http://www.furrymuck.com" TARGET="_blank">FURRYMUCK - ALL AGES</a>:</b> ââ
â "Furry is the longest standing MUCK on the Internet to date..regular ââ
â nightly showing of 400+ players..The theme is generally centered around ââ
â the roleplay of Anthropomorphics (the giving of humanlike qualities to ââ
â non-human animals, 'Funny Animals', etc.).." ââ
â _____ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ , SM ââ
â / ' ' ) ) ) ' ) / / ) ' ) / ââ
â ,-/-, . . __ __ __ , / / / / / / /-< ââ
â (_/ (_/_/ (_/ (_/ (_/ / ' (_ (__/ (__/ / ) ââ
â / ââ
â ' ââ
â The first 99 & 44/100% anthropomorphic/Furry TinyMu* ââ
â ââ
â <b>telnet furrymuck.com 8888</b> ââ
â SSL: <b>telnet furrymuck.com 8899</b> ââ
â <b>connect guest guest</b> ââ
â ââ
â ââ
â Linux: If you need help speaking like a furry animal you can use the ââ
â ky00te Filter; read <a href="acute_terminal_fun_05_text_manipulation_on_the_terminal.htm#filters" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a> under my GEEK FUN / <a href="acute_terminal_fun_05_text_manipulation_on_the_terminal.htm" TARGET="_blank">TEXT MANIPULATION</a>. ââ
â ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://noirhavenmuck.wikia.com/wiki/Noir_Haven_MUCK_Wiki" TARGET="_blank">NOIR HAVEN MUCK</a>:</b> ââ
â "Noir Haven is a free-form RP MUCK set in what we like to call the 'Dirty ââ
â 30's', a 1930's alternate history setting with a healthy dose of ââ
â Dieselpunk thrown in." ââ
â _ _ _ _ _ ââ
â | \ | | ___ (_)_ __ | | | | __ ___ _____ _ __ ââ
â | \| |/ _ \| | '__| | |_| |/ _` \ \ / / _ \ '_ \ ââ
â | |\ | (_) | | | | _ | (_| |\ V / __/ | | | ââ
â |_| \_|\___/|_|_| |_| |_|\__,_| \_/ \___|_| |_| ââ
â ââ
â ââ
â +-'~`---------------------------------/\-- ââ
â ||"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""" \\\\\\ \/~) ââ
â || \\\\\\ \/_ ââ
â |~~~~~~~~-________________-_________________\ ~--_ ââ
â !---------|_________ ------~~~~~(-- )--~~ ââ
â \ /~~~~\~~\ )--- \_ /( ââ
â || | | \ () \\ ââ
â \\____/_ / ()\ \\ ââ
â `~~~~~~~~~-. \ \\ ââ
â \ \ <($)> \\ ââ
â \ \ \\ ââ
â \ \ \\ ââ
â \ \ \\ ââ
â \ \ () \| ââ
â _\_\__====~~~ ââ
â <b>telnet mucks.cyberleo.net 7878</b> ââ
â <b>connect guest guest</b> ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://muck.wintersoasis.com" TARGET="_blank">WINTER'S OASIS MUCK</a>:</b> ââ
â "Based on the "Steampunk" genre trailblazed by 19th and early 20th century ââ
â authors, in a world where high industrial fantasy meets a range of animal ââ
â characters ..." ââ
â __ ___ _ _ ____ _ ââ
â \ \ / (_) | | ( ) / __ \ (_) ââ
â \ \ /\ / / _ _ __ | |_ ___ _ __|/ ___ | | | | __ _ ___ _ ___ ââ
â \ \/ \/ / | | '_ \| __|/ _ \ '__| / __| | | | |/ _` / __| / __| ââ
â \ /\ / | | | | | |_| __/ | \__ \ | |__| | (_| \__ \ \__ \ ââ
â \/ \/ |_|_| |_|\__|\___|_| |___/ \____/ \__,_|___/_|___/ ââ
â ââ
â <b>telnet muck.wintersoasis.com 8888</b> ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://flipsidemuck.org" TARGET="_blank">FLIPSIDE MUCK</a>:</b> ââ
â *MANKIND'S*LAST*BEST*HOPE*FOR*PEACE*OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO' OO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO' OO ââ
â O______OO___OOOOO___OO_____`OO'_____OO___OO_____`OO______OOO' .O OO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OOOOOOOOOO' OO OO ââ
â O __OOO OOOOO OO OO OO.___ `OO OO OO OO __OOO O ââ
â O OOOOO OOOOO OO __.OOOOOO' OO OO OO OO OOOOO O ââ
â O OOOOO OO OO OOOOO OO OO OO OO O ââ
â O___OOOOO______OO___OO___OOOOO_____.OO___OO_____.OO______OOOOOOO OO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO OO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ââ
â OOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOOO ââ
â A multi-themed multi-world muck ââ
â ââ
â <b>telnet flipsidemuck.org 9999</b> ââ
â <b>65.75.149.70 9999</b> ââ
â ââ
â <b><a href="http://www.fluffmuck.org" TARGET="_blank">FLUFFMUCK</a>:</b> ââ
â Since 1995. "FluffMUCK is a furry-themed (anthropomorphic) TinyMUCK, with ââ
â a primarily social atmosphere and ocassional light-hearted roleplay." ââ
â __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ ââ
â ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ââ
â ( _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ) ââ
â ( |_|_|_|_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_|_|_|_| |_|_|_|_|_| ) ââ
â ( |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| ) ââ
â( |_|_|_ _ |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_|_ _ |_|_|_ _ ) ââ
â( |_|_|_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_|_|_| |_|_|_|_| ) ââ
â ( |_|_| |_|_|_ _ _ |_|_|_ _|_|_| |_|_| |_|_| ) ââ
â ( |_|_| |_|_|_|_|_| |_|_| |_|_| |_|_| ) ââ
â ( ) ââ
â ~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~--~-- ââ
â Est. 1995 ââ
â <b>telnet fluffmuck.org 8888</b> ââ
â <b>telnet 66.250.86.73 8888</b> ââ
â <b>connect guest guest</b> ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A NAME="telnet_more"></A>MORE TELNET SITES:</b> ââ
â `````````````````` ââ
â <b>For many more MUDs</b> visit <a href="http://www.mudconnect.com" TARGET="_blank">mudconnect.com</a>. ââ
â <b>For many more MUCKs</b> vist <a href="http://www.tigerden.com/infopage/muck/index.html" TARGET="_blank">tigerden.com</a>. ââ
â <b>Many Telnet BBS Alphabetical BBS Listings:</b> at <a href="http://www.telnetbbsguide.com" TARGET="_blank">telentbbsquide.com</a>. ââ
â <b>For a list of <a href="http://www.synchro.net" TARGET="_blank">Synchronet</a> BBS:</b> visit <a href="http://synchro.net/sbbslist.html" TARGET="_blank">synchro.net</a>. ââ
â <a href="http://www.telnet.org/htm/places.htm" TARGET="_blank"><b>Telnet.org</b></a> has a list of some telnet sites, though in need of updating. ââ
â <b>List</b> "Who says there's nowhere left to telnet anymore?" <a href="http://192.237.179.37/whatsup/index.html" TARGET="_blank">here</a>. If that link ââ
â is down I archived a copy <a href="geek_fun_files/telnet/index.html" TARGET="_blank">here</a>. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â <b><A NAME="telnet_own"></A>OPEN YOUR OWN TELNET SERVER OR BBS:</b> ââ
â ``````````````````````````````````` ââ
â <b>ASCII ART TELNET SERVER:</b> ââ
â '<b><a href="https://github.com/nitram509/ascii-telnet-server/tree/master/ascii-telnet-server" TARGET="_blank">ascii-telnet-server</b></a>', "Can stream an ~20 minutes ASCII movie via Telnet ââ
â emulation as stand alone server or via xinetd daemon". Visit <a href="https://github.com/nitram509/ascii-telnet-server" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. ââ
â Included is the famous ASCII art animation of Star Wars shown above. ââ
â ââ
â <b>MATANZA</b>: For Linux, comes ready to start via telent - a multiplayer game, ââ
â in it, every player controls a ship cruising in space, aiming to destroy ââ
â the other players (and, eventually, ships controlled by the computer). ââ
â View details <a href="acute_terminal_fun_06_amusements_and_games_on_the_terminal.htm#matanza" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a>. ââ
â ââ
â <a href="http://lastlegend.org" TARGET="_blank"><b>P.O.R.</b>: Project OldSkool Revenge</a> gives <a href="http://www.glftpd.eu/about.html" TARGET="_blank">glFTPd</a> support for <a href="http://daydream.iwn.fi/" TARGET="_blank">DayDream</a> <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bulletin_board_system" TARGET="_blank">BBS</a>, or ââ
â as some say a BBS frontend for glFTPd. Compared to the good old BBS days ââ
â FTPs are boring. Now with P.O.R siteops can have a gourgeous BBS for their ââ
â glFTPd server. View <a href="how_to_install_p.o.r._project.oldskool.revenge_tutorial.htm" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a> how to setup P.O.R.. ââ
â ââ
<a href="por/por_monthtop.png" TARGET="_blank"><img alt="P.O.R. monthtop" src="por/por_monthtop.png" border="0" width="500" height="455"></a></center>
â ââ
â //---------------------------------------------------------------------- ââ
â ââ
â If you find mistakes, have suggestions, and or questions please post at ââ
â mewbies forum <a href="http://mewbies.com/mewbies_posting/index.php" TARGET="_blank">HERE</a> - thank you. ââ
â ââ
â Last update on 22 Mar '14 ââ
â ââ
ââ ââ
ââ - mewbies.com - ââ
ââ ââ
âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
</pre>
</body></html> |
Fun On The Terminal - Telnet Star Wars, Games, Etc.
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| | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **SHARE:** | | | | |
```
âââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââââ
ââ ââ
ââ - **FUN ON THE TERMINAL** - ââ
ââ **PUBLIC TELNET ASCII ART, GAMES, ETC (ALL OSes)** ââ
â ââ
â ââ
â Connect to other servers through [telnet](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telnet) to view their animated ASCII art, ââ
â games, etc they offer the public. If no port is specified than it is the ââ
â default port 23; you don't need to specify it. ââ
â ââ
â To quit the telnet session: Ctrl + ] (^]) ââ
â To exit telnet type in: **quit** ââ
â ââ
â **Window users** do this through the cmd prompt window: Start menu / Run / ââ
â type in: **cmd** ââ
â Press OK. Then copy/paste press the telnet cmd line into the cmd prompt ââ
â window, press your Enter key to connect. ââ
â ââ
â **Linux and Mac users** copy/paste the telnet cmd line into your terminal, ââ
â press your Enter key to connect. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **[MISC TELNET SITES](#telnet_misc)** ââ
â **[GAMES / MUDS](#telnet_muds)** ââ
â **[GAMES / MUCKS](#telnets_mucks)** ââ
â **[MORE TELNET SITES](#telnet_more)** ââ
â **[OPEN YOUR OWN TELNET SERVER OR BBS](#telnet_own)** ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **MISC TELNET SITES:** ââ
â `````````````````` ââ
â **[STAR WARS EPISODE IV:](http://blinkenlights.nl/services.html#starwars)** ââ
â /~\ ââ
â |oo ) At last! ââ
â _\=/_ ââ
â ___ / _ \ ââ
â / ()\ //|/.\|\\ ââ
â _|_____|_ || \_/ || ââ
â | | === | | || |\ /| || ââ
â |_| O |_| # \_ _/ # ââ
â || O || | | | ââ
â ||__*__|| | | | ââ
â |~ \___/ ~| []|[] ââ
â /=\ /=\ /=\ | | | ââ
â ________________[_]_[_]_[_]________/_]_[_\_________________________ ââ
â ââ
â I think this is the most viewed of all ASCII art on a public telnet: ââ
â **telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl** ââ
â ââ
â If you have an IPv6 you can watch in color and extra scenes. ââ
â ââ
â [HERE](http://blinkenlights.nl/stats.html) you can view the stats of users that have watched. ââ
â [HERE](http://www.asciimation.co.nz/) you can view it your browser. ââ
â And best of all you can now run it in telnet on your own server! :) ââ
â Below is how: ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **[THE BOFH EXCUSE SERVER](http://www.asciimation.co.nz/):** ââ
â "Spits out an excuse based on the bastard operator from hell stories". On ââ
â the same server as Star Wars: ââ
â **telnet towel.blinkenlights.nl 666** ââ
â ââ
â It will output one excuse then your telnet will exit. To view another ââ
â connect again. ââ
â For example the output: ââ
â microelectronic Riemannian curved-space fault in write-only file system ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **[GOOGLE BBS TERMINAL](http://www.masswerk.at/googleBBS/):** ââ
â ââ
[](geek_fun_files/telnet/google_bbs.png)
â [Google BBS](http://www.masswerk.at/googleBBS/). "What Google would have looked like in the 80s" including ââ
â sounds. Click on Options to change settings and Images to search images. ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **[NYAN CAT](http://web.archive.org/web/20130827234615/http://miku.acm.uiuc.edu/):** ââ
â ââ
[](geek_fun_files/telnet/telnet_nyan_cat.png)
â ââ
â **telnet -t vtnt miku.acm.uiuc.edu** ââ
â Nyan Cat is explained [HERE](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyan_Cat). ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **[TELEHACK](http://telehack.com):** ââ
â "Telehack is a simulation of a sylized arpanet/usenet, circa 1985-1990. It ââ
â is a full multi-user simulation, including 25,000 hosts and BBS's the ââ
â early net, thousands of files from the ero, a collection of adventure and ââ
â IF games, a working BASIC interpreter with a library of programs to run, ââ
â simulated historical users, and more." ââ
â ââ
â Window users can now have a chance to try some of them out. They also have ââ
â the site on a terminal emulator [HERE](http://telehack.com). List of available commands on ââ
â telehack.com [HERE](http://telehack.wikia.com/wiki/List_of_all_commands). ââ
â ââ
â **telnet telehack.com** ââ
â Once logged in, give it a try: ââ
â **cowsay hellooo** ââ
â Try **joke** or **eliza** to have an interactive consultation with the ââ
â psychotherapist. ââ
â Play a game, enter **zrun** for the list of games, then zrun [game] ââ
â To list again available cmds: **?** ââ
â ââ
â ___________..___________ ââ
â ââ
â **GAMES / MUDS:** ââ
â ````````````` ââ
â [MUD](http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MUD) - Multi-User Dungeon. Text-based real-time adventure role-playing ââ
â games. ââ
â ââ
â **[AARDWOLF MUD](http://www.aardwolf.com/):** ââ
â **telnet aardmud.org** ââ
â Type **new** then follow by creating a name and pass. ââ
â ââ
â ########################################################################## ââ
â #[ --- Welcome to Aardwolf MUD --- ]######################## ââ
â #[ ]############ /" ####### ââ
â #[ Players Currently Online: 297 ]######## _-`"""', ##### ââ
â #[ ]##### _-" ) #### ââ
â #[ Game Last Rebooted on 18 Mar 22:51:36 ]### _-" | #### ââ
â ################################################## _-" ; ##### ââ
â ######################################## __---___-" | ###### ââ
â ##################################### _" ,, ; `,, ## ââ
â ################################### _-" ;'' | ,' ; ## ââ
â ################################# _" ' `"' ; ## ââ
â ########################## __---; ,' #### ââ
â ####################### __"" ___ ,' ###### ââ
â ################### _-"" -"" _ ,' ######## ââ
â ################## `-_ _ ; ########## ââ
â #################### ""----""" ; ; ########### ââ
â ###################### / ; ; ############ ââ
â #################### / ; ; ############# ââ
â ################## / ` ; ############## ââ
â ################ / ; ############### ââ
â ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ââ
â Enter your character name or type 'NEW' to create a new character ââ
â ------------------------------------------------------------------------- ââ
â ââ
â **[ZOMBIEMUD](http://zombiemud.org):** ââ
â ââ
â Welcome to ... ââ
â ___ __ __) __ __) ______ ââ
â (, ) /) , (, /| /| (, / / (, / ) ââ
â / ______ (/_ _ / | / | / / / / ââ
â _/_(_) // (_/_) _(__(/_) / |/ |_ / / _/___ /_ ââ
â ) / (_/ ' (___(_ (_/___ / ââ
â (__ / ââ
â ... online since 1994. ââ
â ââ
â **telnet zombiemud.org** ââ
â Once logged in enter **c** to create a new character. ââ
â Then type in any name to start, such as: **tester** ââ
â Then type in **1** if you are new. ââ
â Reply: ââ
â The skull whispers 'Ok, I guess it's you and me then, ain't I lucky.' ââ
â ââ
â **DRUGWARS:** ââ
â _____------ __ ----_ ââ
â ___---- ___------ \ ââ
â ----________ ---- \ ââ
â -----__ | _____) ââ
â __- / \ ââ
â _______----- ___-- \ /)\ ââ
â ------_______ ---____ \__/ / ââ
â Design by: -----__ \ -- _ /\ ââ
â --__--__ \_____/ \_/\ ââ
â Katja Nyboe, Tom Madsen, ----| / | ââ
â Hans Henrik Staerfeldt, | |___________| ââ
â Michael Seifer, Sabastian Hammer. | | ((_(_)| )_) ââ
â | \_((_(_)|/(_) ââ
â \ ( ââ
â \_____________) ââ
â -Drug Wars- ââ
â Name confirmation is not necessary here, BUT if we think your ââ
â name is unappropriate you will be asked to change it. ââ
â Parental Advisory ââ
â Contains Language Which May Be Unsuitable For Some People ââ
â EXPLICIT WORDS / LANGUAGE EXPLISITE / EXPLICIT WORDS / LANGUAGE EXPLISITE ââ
â ââ
â Developed at [DIKU](http://www.diku.dk/english/) -The Department of Computer Science at the University of ââ
â Copenhagen. Just recently back online, Apr '13, welcome back :). ââ
â **telnet 99.249.157.57 2528** ââ
â Once prompted create a name for yourself, then a pass. ââ
â ââ
â **[ACHAEA, DREAMS OF DIVINE LAND](http://www.achaea.com):** ââ
â **telnet achaea.com** ââ
â Enter **2** to create a new character. ââ
â Then enter a 'fantasy' name you want to create. Try [THIS](http://www.rinkworks.com/namegen/) online name ââ
â generator to come up with a working one; select Fantasy from the drop down ââ
â list. ââ
â ââ
â **[DARKER REALMS](http://mud.darkerrealms.org/dark/):** ââ
â Darker Realms online since 1990. "It was one of the first LPMuds to open, ââ
â and is the oldest continually running LPMud in the United States and the ââ
â second oldest in the world. It was also the first MUD of any kind to ââ
â feature a quest-based advancement system." ââ
â **telnet mud.darkerrealms.org 2000** ââ
â Create a name and then a pass. After type in: **help newbie** ââ
â ââ
â **[DARKREALMS](http://darkrealms.ca):** ââ
â Darkrealms online since 1994 providing online games, message forums, chat ââ
â rooms and file transfer. They have a beautiful ANSI art interface. They ââ
â also have a flash based web interface [HERE](http://darkrealms.ca). ââ
â **telnet darkrealms.ca** ââ
â ââ
```
| http://mewbies.com/acute_terminal_fun_telnet_public_servers_watch_star_wars_play_games_etc.htm |
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<center><p style="font-size:20px"/> Ancient Roman Philosophy</p>
<P>
<BR>
<IMG SRC="RomanHallofPhilosophers1.jpg">
<P>
<p style="font-size:20px"/>Hall of Philosophers</b>
<P>
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<P>
<BR>
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<BR>
<center> <p style="font-size:20px"/>Philosophers</h3> </center>
<P>
<A HREF="PlinyTheElder.html">Pliny The Elder</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="plotinus.html">Plotinus</A><BR>
<P>
<A HREF="romanvirtues.html">Roman Virtues</A><BR>
<P>
<BR>
<HR>
<P>
<BR>
<center> <p style="font-size:20px"/>Education</b></center>
<P>
<BR>
A final level of <A HREF="romeducation.html">education</a> was philosophical study. The study of philosophy is distinctly Greek, but was undertaken by many Roman students. To study philosophy, a student would have to go to a center of philosophy where philosophers taught, usually abroad in Greece. An understanding of a philosophical school of thought could have done much to add to Cicero's vaunted knowledge of 'that which is great', but could only be pursued by the very wealthiest of Rome's elite. Romans regarded philosophical education as distinctly Greek, and instead focused their efforts on building schools of law and rhetoric.
<P>
<BR>
<HR>
<P>
<BR>
The single most important philosophy in Rome was Stoicism, which originated in Hellenistic Greece. The contents of the philosophy were particularly amenable to the Roman world view, especially since the Stoic insistence on acceptance of all situations, including adverse ones, seemed to reproduce what the Romans considered their crowning achievement: virtus, or "manliness," or "toughness." The centerpiece of Stoic philosophy was the concept of the logos. The universe is ordered by God and this order is the logos , which means "rational order" or "meaning" of the universe.
<P>
After the death of Zeno of Citium, the Stoic school was headed by Cleanthes and Chrysippus, and its teachings were carried to Rome in 155 by Diogenes of Babylon. There its tenets were made popu lar by Panaetius, friend of the great general Scipio Aemilianus, and by Posidonius, who was a friend of Pompey (see your textbook if you don't recognize these names); Cicero drew heavily on the works of both.
<P>
Stoic ideas appear in the greatest work of Roman literature, Vergil's <I>Aeneid </I>, and later the philosophy was adopted by Seneca (c. 1-65 A.D.), Lucan (39-65; poet and associate of the Emperor Nero), Epictetus (c. 55-135; see passages from the <NOBR><I>Enchiridion </I> ),</NOBR> and the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (born 121, Emperor 161-180; author of the <NOBR><I>Meditations </I> ).</NOBR> Stoicism is perhaps the most significant philosophical school in the Roman Empire, and much of our contemporary views and popular mythologies about Romans are derived from Stoic principles.
<P>
This is actually not a philosophical school, but one could generally group a number of Hellenistic schools under this rubric, including the Second Academy (Hellenistic Platonists), the Second Sophistic, the Cynics, the Skeptics, and so on, and, for the most part, the Stoics as well. What is important for our purposes is that all these schools to some degree or another espoused the idea that human beings cannot arrive at certain truth about anything (not all denied certainty was impossible, only that <I>human beings </I> could never be certain).
<P>
Basically, life became this great guessing game: the lot of humanity is to be cast into a twilight world in which all that we know and think is either false or occupies some middle position between the false and the true (which was called the "probable," or "readily believable,"). This comes to dominate thought in late antiquity; the first philosophical attacks Christianity levels against the thought of antiquity are refutations of skeptical principles. Of all the philosophies of antiquity, this is perhaps the most familiar to you: the skeptic principle of doubting everything became, in the modern era, the fundamental basis of the scientific method.
<P>
Logos is a linguistic term; it refers particularly to the meanings of words. The meaning of an individual word all by
itself is semeion ; the meaning of an individual word in the context of a sentence is logos . For the Stoic, the
meaning (logos ) of each individual life, action, and situation is determined by its place in a larger whole, which is,
of course, the whole course of history. In this view, history becomes a kind of speech by God.
<P>
It is progressive, it is teleological, it is meaningful (but only when it's all done: a sentence has no meaning until it's completed). Each and every event, physical and historical, has a place within this larger rational order or meaning. Since the order is rational and meaningful, that means nothing happens which is not part of some larger reason or good (Christianity will adopt this idea wholesale; check out Boethius' Christianization of this concept).
<P>
For the Roman, this larger good came to mean the spread of law across the face of the planet; this law was to be spread through Roman imperial conquest and was called the Law of Nations. The grand design for history, then, was the spread of the Roman Empire and her laws.
<P>
Therefore, each and every function a Roman undertook for the state, whether as a farmer or foot-soldier, a
philosopher or emperor, partook of this larger purpose or meaning of world history. The central values of this
complex are officium, or "duty," which is the responsibility to perform the functions into which you have been
born to the best of your abilities, and pietas, or "respect for authority." Each station in life has its duties; every
situation in life has duties or obligations incumbent on it.
<P>
The primary duty one owes is to the state; since God is using the Roman state to further law and civilization, performing one's duty is a religious act. The principal being to which one owes respect is, of course, God; since God is working out his will in history by using the Roman state and Roman officials (derived from officium ), the respect one shows for Roman authorities is also a respect shown for God and the logos.
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| Ancient Roman Philosophy - Crystalinks
Ancient Roman Philosophy
Hall of Philosophers
---
Philosophers
[Pliny The Elder](PlinyTheElder.html)
[Plotinus](plotinus.html)
[Roman Virtues](romanvirtues.html)
---
Education
A final level of [education](romeducation.html) was philosophical study. The study of philosophy is distinctly Greek, but was undertaken by many Roman students. To study philosophy, a student would have to go to a center of philosophy where philosophers taught, usually abroad in Greece. An understanding of a philosophical school of thought could have done much to add to Cicero's vaunted knowledge of 'that which is great', but could only be pursued by the very wealthiest of Rome's elite. Romans regarded philosophical education as distinctly Greek, and instead focused their efforts on building schools of law and rhetoric.
---
The single most important philosophy in Rome was Stoicism, which originated in Hellenistic Greece. The contents of the philosophy were particularly amenable to the Roman world view, especially since the Stoic insistence on acceptance of all situations, including adverse ones, seemed to reproduce what the Romans considered their crowning achievement: virtus, or "manliness," or "toughness." The centerpiece of Stoic philosophy was the concept of the logos. The universe is ordered by God and this order is the logos , which means "rational order" or "meaning" of the universe.
After the death of Zeno of Citium, the Stoic school was headed by Cleanthes and Chrysippus, and its teachings were carried to Rome in 155 by Diogenes of Babylon. There its tenets were made popu lar by Panaetius, friend of the great general Scipio Aemilianus, and by Posidonius, who was a friend of Pompey (see your textbook if you don't recognize these names); Cicero drew heavily on the works of both.
Stoic ideas appear in the greatest work of Roman literature, Vergil's *Aeneid* , and later the philosophy was adopted by Seneca (c. 1-65 A.D.), Lucan (39-65; poet and associate of the Emperor Nero), Epictetus (c. 55-135; see passages from the *Enchiridion* ), and the Emperor Marcus Aurelius (born 121, Emperor 161-180; author of the *Meditations* ). Stoicism is perhaps the most significant philosophical school in the Roman Empire, and much of our contemporary views and popular mythologies about Romans are derived from Stoic principles.
This is actually not a philosophical school, but one could generally group a number of Hellenistic schools under this rubric, including the Second Academy (Hellenistic Platonists), the Second Sophistic, the Cynics, the Skeptics, and so on, and, for the most part, the Stoics as well. What is important for our purposes is that all these schools to some degree or another espoused the idea that human beings cannot arrive at certain truth about anything (not all denied certainty was impossible, only that *human beings* could never be certain).
Basically, life became this great guessing game: the lot of humanity is to be cast into a twilight world in which all that we know and think is either false or occupies some middle position between the false and the true (which was called the "probable," or "readily believable,"). This comes to dominate thought in late antiquity; the first philosophical attacks Christianity levels against the thought of antiquity are refutations of skeptical principles. Of all the philosophies of antiquity, this is perhaps the most familiar to you: the skeptic principle of doubting everything became, in the modern era, the fundamental basis of the scientific method.
Logos is a linguistic term; it refers particularly to the meanings of words. The meaning of an individual word all by
itself is semeion ; the meaning of an individual word in the context of a sentence is logos . For the Stoic, the
meaning (logos ) of each individual life, action, and situation is determined by its place in a larger whole, which is,
of course, the whole course of history. In this view, history becomes a kind of speech by God.
It is progressive, it is teleological, it is meaningful (but only when it's all done: a sentence has no meaning until it's completed). Each and every event, physical and historical, has a place within this larger rational order or meaning. Since the order is rational and meaningful, that means nothing happens which is not part of some larger reason or good (Christianity will adopt this idea wholesale; check out Boethius' Christianization of this concept).
For the Roman, this larger good came to mean the spread of law across the face of the planet; this law was to be spread through Roman imperial conquest and was called the Law of Nations. The grand design for history, then, was the spread of the Roman Empire and her laws.
Therefore, each and every function a Roman undertook for the state, whether as a farmer or foot-soldier, a
philosopher or emperor, partook of this larger purpose or meaning of world history. The central values of this
complex are officium, or "duty," which is the responsibility to perform the functions into which you have been
born to the best of your abilities, and pietas, or "respect for authority." Each station in life has its duties; every
situation in life has duties or obligations incumbent on it.
The primary duty one owes is to the state; since God is using the Roman state to further law and civilization, performing one's duty is a religious act. The principal being to which one owes respect is, of course, God; since God is working out his will in history by using the Roman state and Roman officials (derived from officium ), the respect one shows for Roman authorities is also a respect shown for God and the logos.
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<TITLE>History of Philosophy</TITLE>
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<P><center><font size=+3><a href="./#server"><img src="images/borrome6.gif" align=left border=0></a><a href="./#server"><img src="images/borrome6.gif" align=right border=0></a>History of Philosophy</font><br>
<img src="images/greek/the-fn-p.gif" align=middle> <img src="images/greek/the-fg-p.gif" align=middle> <img src="images/greek/philosog.gif" align=middle> <img src="images/greek/historyp.gif" align=middle></center>
<P><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<P><center><img src="images/Athens.jpg"></center>
<P><blockquote><center><font size=+1>The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.</font>
<P>Alfred North Whitehead, <I>Process and Reality</I>, p. 53 [Free Press, 1969]; the painting is the <I>School of Athens</I> (<I>Scuola di Atene</I>) by Raphael, with Plato, pointing up, and Aristotle, gesturing down, in the middle [<a href="#note-1">note</a>].</center>
<P><hr>
<P><center><img src="images/hiero/kongzimb.gif">
<P><font size=+1>The Master said, "At fifteen I set my purpose on <font color="#0088ff">learning</font>.<br>
At thirty, I was established. At forty, I had no doubts.<br>
At fifty, I knew the <font color="#00ffff">Mandate of Heaven</font>.<br>
At sixty, my ear was obedient.<br>
At seventy, I could follow what my <font color=red>heart</font> desired,<br>
and not transgress the <font color="#ffff00">norm</font>."</font>
<P>Confucius, <I>Analects</I> <a href="confuciu.htm#fifty">II:4</a>, translation after James Legge [1893], Arthur Waley [1938], and D.C. Lau [1979] -- both <img src="images/hiero/square-b.gif" align=middle> in Chinese and <I>norma</I> in Latin basically mean "carpenter's square," and then secondarily "rule, standard" and other principles of value. We also have "normal" in English, from Latin <I>normalis</I>, the adjective of <I>norma</I>.</center>
<hr>
<P><table border bgcolor=black align=right cellpadding=5 width=150>
<tr><th><img src="images/schiller.jpg" width=140></th></tr>
<tr><th>Bust of Schiller, Central Park, New York City</th></tr>
</table>
<font size=+1><I>Eine schöne Seele nennt man es, wenn sich das sittliche Gefühl aller Empfindungen des Menschen endlich bis zu dem Grad versichert hat, daß es den Affekt die Leitung des Willens ohne Scheu überlassen darf, und nie Gefahr läuft, mit den Entscheidungen desselben im Widerspruch zu stehen. Daher send bey einter schönen Seele die enzelnen Hanglungen eigentlich nicht sittlich, sondern der ganze Charakter ist es.</I>
<P>One refers to a beautiful soul when the ethical sense has at last so taken control of all a person's feelings that it can leave affect to guide the will without hesitation and is never in danger of standing in contradiction to its decisions. For this reason the actions of a beautiful soul are not themselves ethical, but the character as a whole is so.</font>
<P><a href="poly-1.htm">Friedrich Schiller</a>, <I>Über Anmuth und Würde</I>, "On Grace and Dignity," <I>Schiller's "On Grace and Dignity" in Its Cultural Context, Essays and a New Translation</I>, Edited by Jane V. Curran and Christophe Fricker, Camden House, 2005, pp.152,203.<br clear=right>
<hr>
<P><img src="images/lost.jpg" align=right width=180><font size=-1><B>BILL MURRAY</B></font>: <font size=+1>"What did you study?"</font>
<P><font size=-1><B>SCARLETT JOHANSSON</B></font>: <font size=+1>"Philosophy."</font>
<P><font size=-1><B>BILL MURRAY</B></font>: <font size=+1>"Yeah, there's a good buck in that racket."</font>
<P><font size=-1><B>SCARLETT JOHANSSON</B></font>: <font size=+1>"Well, so far it's pro bono."</font>
<P><a href="bellos.htm"><I>Lost in Translation</I></a>, 2003, Focus Features<p>
<hr>
<P><font size=+1>Traditionally, these are questions for philosophy, but philosophy is dead.</font>
<P>Stephen Hawking, and Leonard Mlodinow, <I>The Grand Design</I>, p.5 [Bantam Book, 2010, 2012]</blockquote><p>
<P><center><img src="images/bar-0.gif"></center>
<h2><I>Editorial Essays</I></h2>
<h3><I>Index</I></h3>
<ul>
<li><a href="penaluna.htm"><I>How to Think Like a Woman</I>, by Regan Penaluna, 2023 [45.9K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
<ul>
<li><a href="penaluna.htm#hypergamy">Hypergamy and Self-Inserts</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
</ul><p>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#philippa">Philippa Foot on Nietzsche [173.0K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif"><p>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm">Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) [188.9K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#note-0">Elizabeth Anscombe (1919-2001)</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#truman">The Truman Grandstanding</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#debate"><I>Anscombe v. Lewis</I></a> <img src="images/update.gif">
</ul></ul><p>
<li><a href="henry.htm">Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," <I>Ratio</I>, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K]</a><p>
<li><a href="school.htm">The Sources and Influence of the Kant-Friesian School [7.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="friesian.htm">The Principles of Friesian Philosophy [23.5K]</a>
<li><a href="./ross/#curse">The Curse of the Friesian School [78.0K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="#west">Western Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#classic">Classical Languages [156.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#note-1">Prescriptive Grammar</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#ancient">Ancient Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="#greek">Greek Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="./ross/platonis.htm">Why I am a Platonist [103.7K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#hellen">Hellenistic Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="#late">Philosophy in Late Antiquity</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="archon.htm#john">The Grammar of Philoponus's Statement [174.6K]</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="#mediaeval">Mediaeval Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="#modern">Modern Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="#review">Reviews</a>
<li><a href="#letter">Letters</a>
</ul>
<p><li><a href="#east">Eastern Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm">Languages with more than 30,000,000 Speakers as of 2005 [156.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#classic">Classical Languages</a>
<li><a href="upan.htm#civiliz">The Earliest Civilizations</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="#india">Indian Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="#china">Chinese Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="#buddha">Buddhist Philosophy</a><p>
</ul></ul>
<h2><I>Links</I></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~jstone/">Jacqueline I. Stone, Princeton University</a>
</ul>
<H2><I>Contributed Essays</I></H2>
<ul>
<li><a href="gonzalz3.htm">Schopenhauer on Conscience as the Ground of Ethics, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez, 2010 [26.7K]</a><p>
<li><a href="samra.htm">Popper on the <I>A Priori</I>, by David Samra, 2009 [64.7K]</a><p>
<li><a href="nelsonsc.htm">Leonard Nelson's Program of a Scientific Philosophy, by Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2008 [11.0K]</a><p>
<li><a href="saran.htm">Kay Herrmann in Conversation with Rene Saran [11.8K]</a><p>
<li><a href="nelproof.htm"><I>Nelson's Proof of the Impossibility of the Theory of Knowledge</I>, Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2011 [9.6K]</a><p>
<li><a href="gonzalez.htm">Camus' Hero of the Absurd, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez, 2005 [47.0K]</a><p>
<li><a href="donner-2.htm">Emptiness and the Institutional Suicide of Chinese Buddhism, by Neal Donner [39.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="sunwall.htm">Maimonides on the Sabians, A Case of Constructive Disapproval, by Mark R. Sunwall [109.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="sunwall.htm#rand">Ayn Rand's Second "A": Is It Really Averroism?, by Mark Sunwall</a><p>
<li><a href="sunwall2.htm">What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif"><p>
<li><a href="jowers.htm">Metaphysics and the Question of Animal Intelligence in the Thought of Descartes, by Dennis W. Jowers [24.0K]</a><p>
<li><a href="ravitch.htm"><I>Agana Belea</I> and the Death of Socrates, by Harold Ravitch, Ph.D. [40.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="goedel/">On Gödel's Philosophy of Mathematics, by Harold Ravitch, Ph.D. [2.2K]</a><p>
</ul>
<h2><I>Philosophy Web Search</I></h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.philosophos.org">PhiloSophos Knowledge Base</a>
</ul><p>
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<form action="http://search.britannica.com/bcom/search/results/1,5843,,00.html" target="Britannica.com" method="get">
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<a href="http://www.britannica.com/" target="Britannica.com"><img src="images/horzawar.gif" width="150" height="60" border="0" name="Britannica.com"></a></td></tr></form>
</table><p>
<a name="west"><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<P><blockquote><font size=+1>The works that are being peddled about nowadays as the philosophy of <a href="francia.htm#third">National Socialism</a> but have nothing whatever to do with the <font color=red><B>inner truth and greatness of this movement</B></font> (namely the encounter between global technology and modern man) -- have all been written by men fishing in the troubled waters of "<a href="poly-1.htm#axios">values</a>" and "totalities."
<P>Was heute vollends als Philosophie des <font color=red>Nationalsozialismus</font> herumgeboten wird, aber mit der <font color=red><B>inneren Wahrheit und Größe dieser Bewegung</B></font> (nämlich mit der Begegnung der planetarisch bestimmten Technik und des neuzeitlichen Menschen) nicht das Geringste zu tun hat, das macht seine Fischzüge in diesen trüben Gewässern der »<font color=red>Werte</font>« und der »Ganzheiten«.</font>
<P><a href="rockmore.htm"><img src="images/uncover.gif" align=right border=0><B>Martin Heidegger</B></a>, <I>An Introduction to Metaphysics</I>, Translated by Ralph Manheim, Anchor Books, New York, 1959, p.166; <I>Einführung in die Metaphysik</I>, Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1953, 1998, p.152; color and boldface added; the infamous post-War endorsement of Nazism by Heidegger, who has been said by many to be one of the greatest philosophers of the 20th Century. <img src="images/thumb-d.gif" align=middle>
<P><a name="ancient"><hr>
<P><font size=+1>Πολυμαθίη νόον ἔχειν οὐ διδάσκει·<br>
Ἡσίοδον γὰρ ἂν ἐδίδαξε καὶ Πυθαγόρην αὖτίς τε<br>
Ξενοφάνεά τε καὶ Ἑκαταῖον.
<P>Learning of many things does not teach intelligence;<br>if so it would have taught Hesiod and Pythagoras,<br>and again Xenophanes and Hecataeus.</font>
<P><B>Heraclitus of Ephesus</B>, <font size=+1>Ἡράκλειτος ὁ Ἐφεσίος</font>, according to Diogenes Laertius, "Heraclitus of Ephesus," <I>The Presocratic Philosophers</I>, G.S. Kirk & J.E. Raven, Cambrige University Press, 1964, Fragment 193, p.182</blockquote>
<P><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<h3><I>Western Philosophy</I></h3>
<ul>
<li><H4>Ancient Philosophy</H4></a><p>
<ul>
<li><a name="greek"><B>Greek Philosophy</B></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="greek.htm">The Origin of Philosophy: The Attributes of Mythopoeic Thought [274.9K]</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="greek.htm#stories">Myths are Stories about Persons</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#egypt">Myth Allows for a Multiplicity of Explanations</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#akhenaton">Mythic Traditions are Conservative</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#justify">Myths are Self-Justifying</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#morally">Myths are Morally Ambivalent</a>
</ol>
<li><a href="greek.htm#why">The Origin of Philosophy: Why the Greeks?</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="greek.htm#note-000">What the Greeks are Called</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<li><a href="greek.htm#tyrant">Kings and Tyrants</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#note-16">"Money's Murky Origins"</a>
<li><a href="tandy.htm">An Open Letter to David W. Tandy on <I>Warriors into Traders, The Power of the Market in Early Greece</I>, University of California Press, 1997 [5.6K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="greek.htm#history">Historical Background to Greek Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="archon.htm">Eponymous Archons of Athens [174.6K]</a>
<li><a href="archon.htm#dialects">Dialects of Greek [174.6K]</a>
<li><a href="archon.htm#pronounce">The Pronunciation of Greek</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="music.htm">Mathematics & Music, after Pythagoras [29.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="music.htm#triangle">Triangular Numbers</a>
<li><a href="pythag.htm">Pythagorean Triplets [38.0K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="greek.htm#parmenides">Parmenides of Elea and the <I>Way of Truth</I></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="greek.htm#note-22">On Patronymics</a>
<li><a href="greek.htm#fragments">Fragments of the <I>Way of Truth</I></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="notes/hamlet.htm">The Soliloquy in <I>Hamlet</I> [4.8K]</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm">The Greek Elements [117.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#humors">The Four Humors</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="why.htm">Religion and Humanism, The Sophists to Secular Humanism [79.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="relative.htm">Relativism [57.2K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="euthyph.htm">Comments on the <I>Euthyphro</I> [60.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="euthyph.htm#labyrinth">Minoan Civilization</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm">Commentary on Plato's <I>Apology of Socrates</I> [331.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#one">The Defense (17a-35e)</a>
<ul>
<li><a href=apology.htm"#two">Preliminaries</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#three">Old Accusations</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#four">Reputation</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#five">Defense</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#six">Explanation</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#reputed">The Politicians</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#poets">The Poets</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#craftsmen">The Craftsmen</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#seven">Misunderstandings</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#eight">New Accusations</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#nine">Examination of Meletus</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#ten">First Line of Questioning, Education of Youth</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#eleven">Second Line of Questioning, Corrupting the Young</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#twelve">Third Line of Questioning, The Gods</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#arethas">The Books of Arethas</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#note-3">Greek Words for Lesbians</a>
</ul></ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#thirteen">Death</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#fourteen">Battle</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#grateful">Obedience</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#fifteen">Politics</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#voice">The Voice</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#sixteen">Students</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#seventeen">Conclusion</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#eighteen">The Sentence (35e-38c)</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#nineteen">Last Thoughts (38c-42a)</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="apology.htm#oracle">The Oracle at Delphi</a>
<li><a href="notes/harold.htm">Burnet's gloss on <I>Apology</I> 41d, by Harold Ravitch [4.8K]</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#note-1">The Olympic and the Other Panhellenic Games</a>
<li><a href="apology.htm#note-2">The Rivers of Hades</a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm">Socratic Ignorance in Democracy, the Free Market, and Science [84.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#demo">Democracy</a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#market">The Free Market</a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#science">Science</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#socrates">Money in Plato's <I>Apology of Socrates</I></a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#women">Women in the <I>Apology</I></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#pryne">The Courtesan Phrynê</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="impiety.htm">"The Impiety of Socrates," by M.F. Burnyeat, <I>Ancient Philosophy</I>, 17, No. 1, 1997 [88.0K]</a>
<li><a href="newotto.htm#note-9">The Μοῖρα of Socrates [133.2K]</a>
<li><a href="amscol.htm">Reponse to "The Death of Plato," by James V. Schall [<I>The American Scholar</I>, Summer 1996] published in <I>The American Scholar</I>, Autumn, 1996 [5.7K]</a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#questions">Questions about Socrates</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#answers">Plato's Answers</a>
<li><a href="socrates.htm#method">Socratic Method</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="plato.htm">Plato's <I>Republic</I> [83.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="plato.htm#gyges">The Ring of Gyges, <I>Hollow Man</I>, and <I>The Tempest</I></a>
<li><a href="plato.htm#note-3">Plato's Typology</a>
<li><a href="plato.htm#note">Machiavelli's View of Government</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="polyhedr.htm">Platonic and Archimedean Polyhedra [7.8K]</a>
<li><a href="knowledg.htm#note">Knowledge in Plato's <I>Meno</I> [34.8K]</a>
<li><a href="./ross/platonis.htm">Why I am a Platonist [103.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="./ross/platonis.htm#note">Mathematics</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="god.htm#euripides">The gods of Euripides [82.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="lefkowiz.htm"><I>Euripides & the Gods</I>, by Mary Lefkowitz, Oxford, 2016 [31.4K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="aristotl.htm">Aristotelian Syllogisms [6.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="syllog.htm">In Defense of <I>Bramantip</I> [15.6K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="arch.htm">The Arch of Aristotelian Logic [11.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="foundatn.htm#trilemma">The Friesian Trilemma [141.5K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="lieb.htm#note-3">Future Contingency [87.8K]</a>
<li><a href="lieb.htm#note-4">Individual and Singular</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a name="hellen"><B>Hellenistic Philosophy</B>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm">Historical Background to Hellenistic Philosophy [545.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#library">The Great Library of Alexandria</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#hellen">Hellenistic Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#durant">The Distorted Story of Will Durant</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#cynic">The Cynics</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#text-1">The Stoics</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#hedone">The Hedonists & Epicureans</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#note-8">Modern Epicureanism</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#text-2">The Pyrrhonist & Academic Skeptics</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="foundatn.htm#munchhausen">the Münchhausen Trilemma [141.5K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#manetho">Egyptian & Babylonian Scholars</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#john">Judaism & Jewish Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#science">Hellenistic Science</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#math">Mathematics</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#earth">The Earth</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#astro">Astronomy</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#physics">Physics</a>
</ul></ul>
<li><a href="romania.htm">Historical Background, Rome and Romania [1167.5K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a name="late"><B>Late Antiquity</B>
<ul>
<li><a href="romania.htm#second">Historical Background, Rome and Romania</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#late">Philosophy in Late Antiquity</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#theano">Hypatia of Alexandria</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#note-alex">Note on Alexandria, Habitation Names</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#female">Note on Male & Female in Greek</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#christ">Christological Controversies</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#gnostic">Gnosticism</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="pagels.htm">Elaine Pagels, <I>The Gnostic Gospels</I>, Vintage Books, 1979, 1989, and <I>Beyond Belief, the Secret Gospel of Thomas</I>, Random House, 2003 [46.6K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#arian">Arianism</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#nestor">Nestorianism</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#mono">Monophysitism</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#maron">Monotheletism</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#mormon">Mormonism</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#impetus">Mediaeval Physics: The Scientific Revolution of John Philoponus</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#without">The History of Science without Philoponus</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#lindley"><I>The Dream Universe, How Fundamental Physics Lost Its Way</I>, by David Lindley [Doubleday, 2020]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="archon.htm#john">The Grammar of Philoponus's Statement [174.6K]</a>
</ul>
</ul></ul></ul><p>
<li><a name="mediaeval"><H4>Mediaeval Philosophy</H4></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#islam">Philosophy in ʾIslām [545.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#text-4">Occasionalism in <I>Kalām</I></a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#sufism">The Vindication of Sufism</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#khaldun">ʾIbn Khaldūn (1332-1406)</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#note-11a">The word "ʾAllāh" in Arabic, with Cognates in Hebrew & Babylonian</a>
<li><a href="islam.htm#prophet">Historical Background to Mediaeval Jewish & Islāmic Philosophy [470.6K]</a>
<li><a href="sunwall.htm">Maimonides on the Sabians, A Case of Constructive Disapproval, by Mark R. Sunwall [109.1K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li>Historical Background to European Philosophy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="francia.htm">Successors to Rome [510.6K]</a>
<li><a href="perifran.htm">The Periphery of Francia [499.6K]</a><p>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#high">Philosophy in the Christian High Middle Ages [545.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#realism">Realism and Nominalism, Aquinas and Ockham</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#bacon">Mediaeval Science</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#rebirth">The Renaissance</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#athos">Mistra and Athos</a>
<li><a href="hist-1.htm#reform">The Reformation</a>
<li><a href="machiav.htm">Machiavelli and the Moral Dilemma of Statecraft [96.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="machiav.htm#berlin">"The Question of Machiavelli," by Isaiah Berlin, <I>The New York Review of Books</I>, November 4, 1971, & March 7, 2013</a>
<li><a href="machiav.htm#delves">"A Poetics for Tyrants," by Philip Delves Broughton, reviewing <I>Machiavelli: The Art of Teaching People What to Fear</I>, by Patrick Boucheron, <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, January 25-26, 2020, C12</a>
<li><a href="machiav.htm#parks">"Whatever It Takes," by Tim Parks, reviewing <I>Machiavelli: The Art of Teaching People What to Fear</I>, by Patrick Boucheron, and <I>Machiavelli: His Life and Times</I>, by Alexander Lee, <I>The New York Review of Books</I>, October 22, 2020, p.41</a>
<li><a href="plato.htm#note">Machiavelli's View of Government [83.4K]</a>
<li><a href="wisdom.htm#note-4">Translating Machiavelli and Two Bible Verses [116.0K]</a>
</ul></ul></ul><p>
<li><a name="modern"><H4>Modern Philosophy</H4></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-2.htm">The Beginning of Modern Science [95.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="mumford.htm">The "Sin" of Galileo [12.1K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="hist-2.htm#descartes">René Descartes and the <I>Meditations on First Philosophy</I></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hist-2.htm#note-1">The Linguistic Turn</a>
<li><a href="hist-2.htm#note-2">Solipsism and Radical Skepticism</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="spinoza.htm">Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) [17.7K]</a><p>
<li><a href="locke.htm">John Locke (1632-1704) [78.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="locke.htm#note-2">Mixing Paints</a>
<li><a href="foundatn.htm#locke">the Lockean Trilemma [141.5K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="leibniz.htm">Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) [26.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="space.htm#clarke">The Clarke-Leibniz Debate (1715-1716) [64.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="space.htm#one">Leibniz's First Argument</a>
<li><a href="space.htm#two">Leibniz's Second Argument and Clarke's Reply</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="angular.htm">Some Metaphysics of Angular Momentum and Gravity [44.2K]</a>
<li><a href="cosmolog.htm#note-1">Monads, Particles, and Space [71.0K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="space.htm#third">Leibniz's Third Argument and Kant's Reply</a>
<li><a href="space.htm#four">Another Reply to Leibniz</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="calculus.htm">Philosophical Problems with Calculus [14.4K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="bees.htm">Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733), The False Friend of Freedom [111.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="bees.htm#note-1">The Broken Window Fallacy</a>
<li><a href="bees.htm#note-3">Mutual Aid Societies</a>
<li><a href="bees.htm#note-2">F.A. Hayek on Mandeville</a>
<li><a href="bees.htm#allen">"Greece, Rome, Columbia," by Brooke Allen, reviewing <I>First Principles</I>, by Thomas E. Ricks, "Books," <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, November 14-15, 2020, p.C7</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="hume.htm">Hume Shifts the Burden of Proof [28.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hume.htm#note-1">Confusions about Hume in Antony Flew</a>
<li><a href="key.htm#key">Key Distinctions for Value Theories, and the Importance of Hume [191.5K]</a>
<li><a href="miracles.htm">On Miracles [87.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="miracles.htm#why">The Mystery of Miracles</a>
</ul>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="smith.htm">Smith's Law, Free Trade, and Free Immigration [42.3K]</a><p>
<li><a href="kant.htm">Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) [140.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="kant.htm#koenigs">Königsberg and Королягора</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#walknote">The Philosopher's Walk</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#index">Kant Index</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#synthetic">Analytic and Synthetic: Kant and the Problem of First Principles</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#idealism">Kant's Transcendental Idealism</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="deutero.htm#note-3">Kant's Transcendental Realism [170.3K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#attack">Kant's "Attack on the Noumenon" [188.9K]</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#crooked">The Crooked Timber of Humanity</a>
<li><a href="poly-1b.htm#music">Kant and Schopenhauer on Music [221.5K]</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#intuition">Intuition and Mysticism in Kantian Philosophy</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#most">The Most Knowable and the Most Real</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#note-2">Note on Kant's Astronomy</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<ul>
<li><a href="kant.htm#hubble">The Great Debate</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#falsehoods">Astronomical Ignorance and Falsehoods</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<ul>
<li><a href="kant.htm#kaku">Michio Kaku</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#krauss">Lawrence M. Krauss </a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#allegory">The Great George O. Abell</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#nova">NOVA Universe Revealed</a>
<li><a href="kant.htm#horgan">John Horgan</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="space.htm#kant">Three Points in Kant's Theory of Space and Time [64.4K]</a>
<li><a href="space.htm#anti">Kant's First Antinomy, of Space and Time</a>
<li><a href="space-1.htm">A Deuteronomy of Kant's Geometry [116.4K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="space-2.htm#kant">Kantian Quantum Mechanics [59.8K]</a>
<li><a href="moral-1.htm#note-1">Kant's <I>Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals</I>, <I>Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten</I> [171.0K]</a>
<li><a href="numinos.htm">The Kant-Friesian Theory of Religion and Religious Value [81.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="numinos.htm#glaube">Kant and Fries on Faith</a>
<li><a href="numinos.htm#note-1">Kant on Judaism</a>
<li><a href="newotto.htm#kant">Kant's Bonfire of Idolatry [133.2K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="sunwall2.htm">What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
</ul><p>
<li><a href="hist-3.htm">Modern Philosophy after Kant [6.3K]</a><p>
<li><a href="bentham.htm">Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) [22.2K]</a><p>
<li><a href="domain.htm#schiller">The Analysis of Grace by Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) [94.6K]</a><p>
<li><a href="hegel.htm">G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) [124.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hegel.htm#note-1">Hegel's Method at its Origin</a>
<li><a href="hegel.htm#solomon">Robert Solomon's <I>In the Spirit of Hegel, A Study of G.W.F. Hegel's <U>Phenomenology of Spirit</U></I></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#note-3">Robert Solomon on Nietzsche [173.0K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="hegel.htm#dialectic">Hegel's Dialectic</a>
<li><a href="hegel.htm#sublime">The Hegelian Sublime and Revolutionary Slaughter of Slavoj Žižek</a>
<li><a href="types.htm#note-1">Individualism [53.7K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="fries.htm">Jakob Friedrich Fries (1773-1843) [95.8K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="fries.htm#religion">Religion in Fries</a>
<li><a href="fries.htm#republic">Republicanism in Fries</a>
<li><a href="fries.htm#antisemitism">Anti-Semitism in Fries</a>
<li><a href="fries.htm#note-1">Ronald Dworkin (1931-2013)</a>
<li><a href="fries.htm#note">Gottlob Frege (1848-1925)</a>
<li><a href="immedi-1.htm">Non-Intuitive Immediate Knowledge, <I>Ratio</I>, Vol. XXIX, No. 2, December 1987 [51.7K]</a>
<li><a href="goyette.htm">C. Edgar Goyette, Jr. (1917-1972) [2.2K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="school.htm">The Sources and Influence of the Kant-Friesian School [6.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="friesian.htm">The Principles of Friesian Philosophy [23.5K]</a>
<li><a href="./ross/#curse">The Curse of the Friesian School [78.0K]</a>
<li><a href="numinos.htm">The Kant-Friesian Theory of Religion and Religious Value [81.2K]</a>
<li><a href="system.htm">A New Kant-Friesian System of Metaphysics [77.8K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="system.htm#note-1">Note on Tense and Aspect</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="system.htm#note-3">Note on Greek Tenses</a>
</ul></ul>
<li><a href="deutero.htm">A Deuteronomy of Kant-Friesian Metaphysics [170.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="deutero.htm#note-3">Kant's Transcendental Realism</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="universl.htm">Meaning and the Problem of Universals, A Kant-Friesian Approach [51.9K]</a>
<li><a href="newotto.htm">The New Friesian Theory of Religious Value [133.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="faith.htm">Faith, Works, and Knowledge [28.2K]</a>
</ul><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="arthur.htm">Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) [28.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="arthur.htm#smith">"Windows on the Will," by Zadie Smith</a>
<li><a href="arthur.htm#professors">Arthur Schopenhauer, On "the Professors of Philosophy"</a>
<li><a href="poly-1b.htm#music">Kant and Schopenhauer on Music [221.5K]</a>
<li><a href="gonzalz3.htm">Schopenhauer on Conscience as the Ground of Ethics, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez [26.7K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="marx.htm">The Marxist-Leninist Theory of History [77.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="marx.htm#soho">The Soho Forum Debate: <I>Wolff v. Epstein</I></a>
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<li><a href="marx.htm#epstein">Gene Epstein's Response to the Above</a>
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<li><a href="trade.htm#note-1">Cargo Cult Economics [87.8K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="trade.htm#kulick"><I>A Death in the Rainforest</I> by Don Kulick</a>
<li><a href="trade.htm#note-3">English Department Marxism [87.8K]</a>
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<li><a href="rand.htm#modern">The Post-Modern Left [105.8K]</a>
<li><a href="hegel.htm#sublime">The Hegelian Sublime and Revolutionary Slaughter of Slavoj Žižek [121.0K]</a>
<li><a href="rank.htm#gentleman">Gentlemen and the Working Class [165.8K]</a>
<li><a href="emre.htm">A Window on Totalitarian Ideology, "The Illusion of the First Person," by Merve Emre, <I>The New York Review of Books</I>, Volume LXIX, Number 17, November 3, 2020 [46.0K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
<li><a href="paper.htm"><I>Burning Money, The Material Spirit of the Chinese Lifeworld</I>, by C. Fred Blake, University of Hawai'i Press, 2011 [49.7K]</a>
<li><a href="rand.htm#essential">The Essential Anti-Communist Bibliography [102.3K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm">Friederich Nietzsche (1844-1900) [173.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#index">Nietzsche Index</a>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#note-1">Translating Nietzsche</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#note-4">the Grammar of Niezsche's Statement</a>
<li><a href="police.htm#note-1">More on Translating Nietzsche [49.5K]</a>
<li><a href="poly-1b.htm#note-9">The Word for Slave [221.5K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#note-3">Robert Solomon on Nietzsche</a>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#philippa">Philippa Foot on Nietzsche</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
<li><a href="poly-2.htm#nietzsche">Aestheticism and Moral Aestheticism in Nietzsche's <I>The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music</I></a>
<li><a href="hicks.htm"><I>Nietzsche and the Nazis, A Personal View by Stephen Hicks, Ph.D.</I>, DVD, Ockham's Razor Publishing, 2006 [21.5K]</a>
<li><a href="wsj-07.htm">A Letter to <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, "Thus Fakes Zarathustra," about a column by Robert P. Crease , October 26, 2018, page A13 [3.3K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="poincare.htm">Two Philosophical Mistakes in Poincaré (1854-1912) [13.4K]</a><p>
<li><a href="otto.htm">Rudolf Otto (1869-1937) [243.5K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="edwards.htm">Rudolf Otto in Rem B. Edwards' <I>Reason and Religion</I> [6.4K]</a>
<li><a href="otto.htm#goodman">Rudolf Otto in Lenn Goodman's <I>Judaism, A Contemporary Philosophical Investigation</I></a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="scheler.htm">Max Scheler (1874-1928), A Friesian Critique [12.5K]</a> <img src="images/under.gif"><p>
<li><a href="hartmann.htm">Nicolai Hartmann (1882-1950), A Friesian Critique [34.3K]</a><p>
<li><a href="jung.htm">Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) [10.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="types.htm">Psychological Types [53.7K]</a>
<li><a href="gender.htm">Gender Stereotypes and Sexual Archetypes [171.9K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="nelson.htm">Leonard Nelson (1882-1927) [54.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="nelson.htm#religion">Nelson and Religion</a>
<li><a href="universl.htm#note-3">Note on Nelson's Axiomatic Diagrams</a>
<li><a href="foundatn.htm#trilemma">The Friesian Trilemma [141.5K]</a>
<li><a href="method.htm">The Socratic Method, by Leonard Nelson [110.2K]</a>
<li><a href="theory.htm">The Impossibility of the Theory of "Knowledge," by Leonard Nelson [51.4K]</a>
<li><a href="branton.htm">Paul Branton (1916-1990) [3.7K]</a>
<li><a href="nelproof.htm"><I>Nelson's Proof of the Impossibility of the Theory of Knowledge</I>, Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2011 [9.6K]</a>
<li><a href="henry.htm">Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," <I>Ratio</I>, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="angular.htm#note-5">Emmy Noether (1882-1935) [44.2K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="nelsonsc.htm">Leonard Nelson's Program of a Scientific Philosophy, by Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2008 [11.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="kay.htm">Dr. Kay Herrmann [39.1K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="saran.htm">Kay Herrmann in Conversation with Rene Saran [11.8K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="baggini.htm">"Old Ways of Thinking, Overturned," by Julian Baggini, review of <I>The Time of the Magicians</I>, by Wolfram Eilenberger, <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, August 15-16, 2020, C7,9 [31.3K]</a><p>
<li><img src="images/uncover.gif" align=right><a href="rockmore.htm"><I>On Heidegger's Nazism and Philosophy</I>, by Tom Rockmore, University of California Press, 1992 [54.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="comment.htm">A Letter to <I>Commentary</I>, "Of Time and Being a Nazi," Tod Lindberg, March 2010, p. 62, with Tod Lindberg's response [10.2K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="hermenut.htm">Foundationalism and Hermeneutics [52.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hermenut.htm#note-2">Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913)</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="francia.htm#philos">Philosophical Vienna [510.63K]</a><p>
<li><a href="existent.htm">Existentialism [36.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm">Friederich Nietzsche (1844-1900) [173.0K]</a>
<li><a href="nietzsch.htm#note-3">Robert Solomon on Nietzsche</a>
<li><a href="wsj-03.htm">A Letter to <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, "Choose Your Own Adventure," about a column by John Kaag, May 11, 2018 [2.5K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm">Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) [188.9K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#note-1">The Wittgensteins</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#princes">Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#note-5">Wittgenstein and Tolstoy</a>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#hacker">Peter Hacker's Wittgenstein</a>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#roger">Roger Scruton's Wittgenstein</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#attack">Kant's "Attack on the Noumenon"</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#goedel">Gödel's Proof and Wittgenstein</a>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#note-0">Elizabeth Anscombe (1919-2001)</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#truman">The Truman Grandstanding</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<li><a href="wittgen.htm#debate"><I>Anscombe v. Lewis</I></a> <img src="images/update.gif">
</ul></ul><p>
<li><a href="hayek.htm">Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992) [4.9K]</a><p>
<li><a href="popper.htm">Sir Karl Popper (1902-1994) [7.6K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="foundatn.htm#note-3">Popper's Trilemma [141.5K]</a> <img src="images/update.gif">
<li><a href="gardner.htm">Criticism of Karl Popper in Martin Gardner's <I>Are Universes Thicker Than Blackberries?</I>, W.W. Norton & Company, 2003 [22.6K]</a>
<li><a href="ohear.htm">Criticism of Karl Popper in Anthony O'Hear's <I>An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science</I>, Oxford University Press, 1989 [7.9K]</a>
<li><a href="samra.htm">Popper on the <I>A Priori</I>, by David Samra, 2009 [64.7K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="rand.htm">Ayn Rand (1905-1982) [102.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="rand.htm#note-2"><I>Huemer v. Epstein</I></a>
<li><a href="rand.htm#essential">The Essential Anti-Communist Bibliography</a>
<li><a href="sunwall.htm#rand">Ayn Rand's Second "A": Is It Really Averroism?, by Mark Sunwall [109.1K]</a>
<li><a href="sunwall2.htm">What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif">
</ul><p>
<li><a href="henry.htm">Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," <I>Ratio</I>, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K + 3.17MB]</a><p>
<li><a href="goyette.htm">C. Edgar Goyette, Jr. (1917-1972) [2.2K]</a><p>
<li><a href="valley/beaumont.htm">Roy Beaumont (1916-1977) [9.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="eliade.htm">Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) [21.9K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="vocab.htm">Terms used in Mircea Eliade, <I>The Sacred and the Profane</I> [6.2K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="deutero.htm#note-8">Iris Murdoch (1919-1999), "The Sovereignty of Good" [170.3K]</a> <img src="images/new.gif"><p>
<li><a href="chicago.htm">Chicago Schools: Economics, Religion, Philosophy, & Law [4.8K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><H4><a name="review">Reviews</a></H4>
<ul>
<li><a href="why.htm#note-3">Bertrand Russell's "Why I Am Not a Christian," <I>Why I Am Not a Christian and other essays on religion and related subjects</I>, edited by Paul Edwards, A Touchstone Book, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1957 [79.6K]</a><p>
<li><a href="rockmore.htm"><I>On Heidegger's Nazism and Philosophy</I>, by Tom Rockmore, University of California Press, 1992 [54.4K]</a><p>
<li><a href="searle.htm"><I>The Rediscovery of the Mind</I>, John R. Searle, the MIT Press, Cambridge, 1992 [40.5K]</a><p>
<li><a href="austrian.htm"><I>Austrian Philosophy, the Legacy of Franz Brentano</I>, Barry Smith, Open Court, 1994 [9.8K]</a><p>
<li><a href="lieb.htm"><I>Past, Present, and Future, A Philosophical Essay about Time</I>, by Irwin C. Lieb, Illinois, 1991 [87.8K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><H4><a name="letter">Letters</a></H4>
<ul>
<li><a href="wsj-07.htm">A Letter to <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, "Thus Fakes Zarathustra," about a column by Robert P. Crease , October 26, 2018, page A13 [3.3K]</a><p>
<li><a href="tandy.htm">An Open Letter to David W. Tandy on <I>Warriors into Traders, The Power of the Market in Early Greece</I>, University of California Press, 1997 [5.6K]</a><p>
<li><a href="amscol.htm">Reponse to "The Death of Plato," by James V. Schall [<I>The American Scholar</I>, Summer 1996] published in <I>The American Scholar</I>, Autumn, 1996 [5.7K]</a><p>
</ul>
</ul>
<a name="east"><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<P><blockquote><img src="images/arthur.jpg" align="right"><font size=+1>We, on the contrary, now send to the Brahmans English clergymen and evangelical linen-weavers, in order out of sympathy to put them right, and to point out to them that they are created out of nothing, and that they ought to be grateful and pleased about it. But it is just the same as if we fired a bullet at a cliff. In India our religions will never at any time take root; the ancient wisdom of the human race will not be supplanted by the events in Galilee. On the contrary, Indian wisdom flows back to Europe, and will produce a fundamental change in our knowledge and thought.</font></blockquote>
<P><blockquote><B>Arthur Schopenhauer</B>, <I>The World as Will and Representation</I>, Volume I, §63, p. 356-357 [Dover Publications, 1966, E.F.J. Payne translation] [<a href="#note-2">note</a>]</blockquote>
<P><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<H3><I>Eastern Philosophy</I> <img src="images/hiero/phileast.gif" align=middle></H3>
<ul>
<li><H4><a name="india">Indian Philosophy <img src="images/greek/philosib.gif" align=middle><img src="images/greek/shastrab.gif" align=middle><img src="images/greek/historib.gif" align=middle></H4>
<ul>
<li><a href="cognates.htm">"Knowing" Words in Indo-European Languages [65.8K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="cognates.htm#sanskrit">Greek, Sanskrit, and Closely Related Languages</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="cognates.htm#gypsies">The Gypsies or Roma</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#steppe">The Spread of Indo-European and Turkish Peoples off the Steppe [156.7K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#india">Historical Background, Emperors of India [657.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="upan.htm#veda">The Fours Vedas and the Parts of the Vedas</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#upan">The Thirteen Principal Upaniṣads with their associated Vedas, Brāhmaṇas and Âraṇyakas</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="upan.htm#manduk">The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="caste.htm">The Caste System and the Stages of Life in Hinduism [46.5K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="caste.htm#note-1">Suttee</a>
<li><a href="caste.htm#note">The Name of Benares</a>
</ul></ul><p>
<li><a href="gita.htm">Comments on the <I>Bhagavad Gita</I> [70.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="gita.htm#bharat">The Major and Minor Books of the <I>Mahābhārata</I> and Synopsis</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="six.htm">The "Six Schools" of India [63.5K]</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="six.htm#mimamsa">Mīmāṁsā</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#vedanta">Vedānta</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#sankhya">Sānkhya</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#yoga">Yoga</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#nyaya">Nyāya</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#vaisheshika">Vaiśeṣika</a>
</ol><p>
<li><a href="karma.htm">Karma, the Problem of Evil in India [26.0K]</a><p>
<li><a href="elements.htm#india">The Indian & Buddhist Elements [117.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#products">The Five Products of the Cow</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="gods.htm">The Devotionalistic Gods in Hinduism [32.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="gods.htm#note-0">The 33 Gods of the Vedas</a>
<li><a href="calendar.htm#india">The Calendar in India [145.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="gods.htm#note-4">Cycles of Time in Hinduism and Buddhism</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="gods.htm#gods">Excerpt from the Bhaviṣya Purāṇa</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="gandhi.htm">Violence, Non-Violence, and Progress in History [43.6K]</a><p>
</ul>
<li><H4><a name="china">Chinese Philosophy <img src="images/hiero/philos.gif" align=middle border=0></H4>
<ul>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#china">Historical Background to Chinese Philosophy [657.1K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#characters">Categories of Chinese Characters [139.5K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#note-1">Logograms and Ideograms</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#dialects">The Dialects of Chinese</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#min">Details on Min</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#dialects2">Examples of Dialect Differences Between Peking, Shanghai and, Canton</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#shanghai">Shanghai Tones</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#dialects3">Pronouncing Mandarin Initials</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#dialects5">Mandarin Finals and Syllables</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#dialects4">The Contrast between Classical and Modern Chinese</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#other">Classical Chinese Read in Other Languages</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#denial">The Denial that Classical Chinese Was a Spoken Language</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#ames">Such a Claim by Roger T. Ames and Henry Rosemont, Jr.</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#homophony">The Phonology of Classical Chinese</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm#ideogram">Classical Chinese, Ideographic <I>vs.</I> Phonetic</a>
</ul>
</ul></ul><p>
<li><a href="chinacal.htm">The Solar Terms and the Chinese Calendar [45.5K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="chinacal.htm#60">The Chinese 60 Year Calendar Cycle</a>
<li><a href="notes/note-p.htm">The Occurrence of the Solar Terms 1995-2012 [12.1K]</a>
<li><a href="grndhog.htm">Groundhog Day and Chinese Astronomy [41.9K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="six.htm#china">The "Six Schools," Plus Three, of China [63.5K]</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="six.htm#confucian">Confucianism</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#tao">Taoism</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#yinyang">Yin and Yang School</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#legal">Legalism</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#ming">School of Names</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#mohism">Mohism</a>
<ul>
<a href="six.htm#text-4">The Nine Ranks or Classes</a>
<ul>
<a href="six.htm#note-4">Twenty-Seven Ranks</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="six.htm#politics">School of Politics</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#electics">Eclectics</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#agriculture">Agriculturists</a>
</ol><p>
<li><a href="confuci.htm">Confucius [<I>K'ung-fu-tzu</I> or <I>Kongfuzi</I>] [80.3K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#note-1">Terms for Buddhism</a>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#hui">The Huí and Huíhuí</a>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#note-3">Profit in Confucianism</a>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#note-4">Chinese Gods</a>
<li><a href="key.htm#virtues">Chinese Virtues [191.5K]</a>
<li><a href="key.htm#class">The Four Classes of China</a>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#six">The Six Relationships and the Mandate of Heaven</a>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#classics">The Confucian Chinese Classics</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="confuci.htm#note-8">The Examination System</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm">Key Passages in the <I>Analects</I> of Confucius [219.0K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#note">The "Philosophical Translation" of Ames and Rosemont</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#i">Book I, Learning, etc.</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#ii">Book II, Practice of Government</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#iii">Book III, Eight Rows</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#iv">Book IV, Neighborhood Benevolence</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#v">Book V, Kung-ye Ch'ang</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#vi">Book VI, There is Yung</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#vii">Book VII, Transmitter, etc.</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#viii">Book VIII, T'ai-po</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#ix">Book IX, The Master Seldom</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xi">Book XI, Former Men</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xii">Book XII, Yen Yüan</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xiii">Book XIII, Tzu-lu</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xiv">Book XIV, Hsien Asked</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xv">Book XV, Duke Ling of Wei</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xvi">Book XVI, Head of the Chi</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xvii">Book XVII, Yang Ho</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xix">Book XIX, Tzu-Chang</a>
<li><a href="confuciu.htm#xx">Book XX, Yao Yüeh</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="wsj-10.htm">A Letter to <I>The Wall Street Journal</I>, "The Anatomy of Morality," about a column by Julian Baggini, January 16, 2019, page A15 [2.2K]</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="taote.htm">Comments on the <I>Tao Te Ching</I> [56.0K]</a>
<table><tr><td>
<a href="taote.htm#book-1">Book I, <font size=+2>道</font>, Dào, Chapters 1-37;</a></td><td><a href="taote.htm#book-2">Book II, <font size=+2>德</font>, Dé, Chapters 38-80</a></td></tr>
<tr><td valign=top><ul>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-1">Chapter I</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-3">Chapter III</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#notkind">Chapter V</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-6">Chapter VI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-7">Chapter VII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-8">Chapter VIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-10">Chapter X</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-11">Chapter XI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-12">Chapter XII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-17">Chapter XVII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-18">Chapter XVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-19">Chapter XIX</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-22">Chapter XXII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-24">Chapter XXIV</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-25">Chapter XXV</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-28">Chapter XXVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-29">Chapter XXIX</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#32">Chapter XXXII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-34">Chapter XXXIV</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-36">Chapter XXXVI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-37">Chapter XXXVII</a>
</ul>
</td><td valign=top>
<ul>
<li><a href="taote.htm#38">Chapter XXXVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-43">Chapter XLIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-46">Chapter XLVI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-47">Chapter XLVII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-48">Chapter XLVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-49">Chapter XLIX</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-52">Chapter LII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-56">Chapter LVI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-57">Chapter LVII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-58">Chapter LVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-60">Chapter LX</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-61">Chapter LXI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-66">Chapter LXVI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-70">Chapter LXX</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-75">Chapter LXXV</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-76">Chapter LXXVI</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-77">Chapter LXXVII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-78">Chapter LXXVIII</a>
<li><a href="taote.htm#chap-80">Chapter LXXX</a>
</ul>
</td></tr></table>
<li><a href="taote.htm#note-1">Sun Tzu and Flavius Vegetius Renatus</a>
<li><a href="yinyang.htm">Yīn & Yáng and the <I>I Ching</I> [139.5K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="hexagram.htm">Fantasy Factorial Hexagrams [16.3K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="divebomb.htm">Zen and the Art of Divebombing, or The Dark Side of the Tao [95.7K]</a>
<p>
<li><a href="elements.htm#china">The Chinese Elements and Associations [117.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#colors">Chinese Colors</a>
<li><a href="soul.htm#note-2">The Chinese Soul [84.5K]</a>
<li><a href="elements.htm#note-3">The Chinese Ritual Order</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="paper.htm"><I>Burning Money, The Material Spirit of the Chinese Lifeworld</I>, by C. Fred Blake, University of Hawai'i Press, 2011 [49.7K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#seven">Fantasy Seven Element Theory</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#gods">Seven Lucky Gods of Japan</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#dragon">Fantasy Elemental Dragons</a>
<li><a href="ross/recipe.htm#chefho">Chef Ho and the Names of Chinese Restaurants [233.4K]</a>
</ul></ul><p>
<li><H4><a name="buddha">Buddhist Philosophy</a> <img src="images/hiero/philbudh.gif" align=middle border=0></H4>
<ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm">The Basic Teachings of Buddhism [156.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><B>The Four Noble Truths</B>
<ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#1suffer">The Truth of Suffering</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#2cause">The Truth of the Cause</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#3stop">The Truth of Cessation</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#4way">The Truth of the Way</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#note-1"><I>Why Buddhism Is True: The Science and Philosophy of Meditation and Enlightenment</I>, by Robert Wright, Simon & Schuster, 2017</a>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#basic"><img src="images/dependen.gif" align=right border=0>Basic Buddhist Philosophical Doctrines</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#moment">Momentariness</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#relative">Relative Existence</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#noself">No Self</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#nogod">No God</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#dependent">Dependent Origination</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#karma">Karma</a>
<li><a href="elements.htm#buddhism">The Buddhist Elements [117.4K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="elements.htm#note-6">The Buddhist Realms of Rebirth</a>
</ul>
</ul><p>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#stages">Stages in the History of Buddhism</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#hina">Theravāda Buddhism</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="perigoku.htm#relics">Relics in Buddhism [186.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#relics">The Relics of the Stupa at Piprahwa [657.1K]</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#ceylon">Ceylon, Kings of Lanka & Kandy</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="british.htm#ceylon">Prime Ministers of Ceylon/Sri Lanka [199.1K]</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#maha">Mahāyāna Buddhism</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#faxian">The Pilgrim Fa-hsien [657.1K]</a>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#xuanzang">The Pilgrim Hsüan-tsang</a>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#yijing">The Pilgrim I-ching</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#note"><I>Culmen Mundi et Via Serica</I></a>
</ul>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#vajra">Vajrayāna Buddhism</a>
<li><a href="buddhism.htm#mappo">The Final Dharma Age</a><p>
</ul>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#japan">Historical Background to Japan [657.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="six.htm#japan">The "Six Schools," Plus Six, of Japan [63.5K]</a>
<ol>
<li><a href="six.htm#kusha">Kusha Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#jojitsu">Jôjitsu Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#sanron">Sanron Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#hossho">Hossô Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#ritsu">Ritsu Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#kegon">Kegon Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#tendai">Tendai Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#shingon">Shingon Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#zen">Zen Shū</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="divebomb.htm">Zen and the Art of Divebombing, or The Dark Side of the Tao [95.7K]</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="divebomb.htm#note-4"><I>Yojimbo</I> and the "Dollars Trilogy"</a>
</ul>
</ul>
<li><a href="six.htm#jodo">Jôdo Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#shin">Jôdo Shin Shū</a>
<li><a href="six.htm#nichiren">Hokke or Nichiren Shū</a>
</ol><p>
<li><a href="sangoku.htm#note-3">Shrines and Temples [657.1K]</a><p>
<li><a href="elements.htm#gods">Seven Lucky Gods of Japan</a><p>
<li><a href="http://www.princeton.edu/~jstone/">Jacqueline I. Stone, Princeton University</a>
</ul></ul>
<P><center><a href="elements.htm#seven2"><img src="images/element7.gif" border=0></a></center>
<P><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center><p>
<a href="./#contents">Home Page</a><p>
<H5>Copyright (c) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, 2023 <a href="./ross/">Kelley L. Ross, Ph.D.</a> All <a href="./#ross">Rights</a> Reserved</H5><p>
<a name="note-1"><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<H2 ALIGN="center"><img src="images/updown.gif" align=left><img src="images/downup.gif" align=right>Plato and Aristotle,<br>Up and Down</H2>
<p><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<P>Raffaello Sanzio (born Santi) of <a href="italia.htm#urbino">Urbino</a> (1483- 1520) painted "The School of Athens" between 1509 and 1511 for Pope <a href="popes.htm#julius">Julius II</a>. The Papal apartments he decorated are called the <I>Stanze di Raffaello</I>. Part of the motivation of Julius was that he did not want to live in rooms that had been decorated for Pope Alexander VI Borgia, who had been a personal enemy.
<P>Raphael has Plato, whose image is apparently based on Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), pointing up, with Aristotle gesturing down, to indicate the difference in their metaphysics. For Plato, true existence is in the World of Forms, in relation to which this world (of Becoming) is a kind of shadow or image of the higher reality. <img src="images/greek/plato.jpg" align=left width=180>Aristotle, on the other hand, regards individual objects in this world as "primary substance," and he dismisses the existence of Plato's Forms -- except, that is, for <a href="proof.htm">God</a>, who for Aristotle is pure form, pure actuality (<font size=+1>ἐνέργεια</font>) without matter.
<P>However, when it comes to ethics and politics, the gestures should be reversed. Plato, like <a href="apology.htm">Socrates</a>, believed that to do the good without error, one must know what the good is. <img src="images/greek/aristotl.jpg" align=right width=180>Thus, we get the dramatic moment in the <a href="plato.htm"><I>Republic</I></a> where Plato says that philosophers, who have escaped from the Cave and come to understand the higher reality, must be <I>forced</I> to return to this world and rule, so that their <a href="wisdom.htm">wisdom</a> can benefit the state. Aristotle, on the other hand, says that the "good" is simply the goal of various particular activities, without one meaning in Plato's sense. The particular activities of most human affairs involve <I>phrónêsis</I> (<font size=+1>φρόνησις</font>, <I>prudentia</I>), "practical wisdom." This is not <I>sophía</I> (<font size=+1>σοφία</font>, <I>sapientia</I>), true wisdom, which for Aristotle involves the <I>theoretical</I> (<font size=+1>θεωρητική</font>) knowledge of the highest things -- he says that <font size=+1>σοφία</font> is concerned with <font size=+1>τὰ πρῶτα αἴτια καὶ αἱ ἀρχαί</font>, "the primary causes and principles" [<I>Metaphysics</I> 981b29, Loeb, Vol. 1, p.8; see <a href="arch.htm">first principles</a>] -- i.e. eternal truths, the gods, the heavens, and God. Thus, for philosophy, Aristotle should be pointing <I>up</I> and would represent a contemplative attitude that was certainly more congenial to religious perspectives in the Middle Ages.
<P>Thus, Aristotle says:<br clear=left>
<P><blockquote>This is why people say that men like Anaxagoras and Thales 'may be wise [<I>sophoùs</I>, <font size=+1>σοφοὺς</font>] but are not prudent [<I>phronímous</I>, <font size=+1>φρονίμους</font>],' when they see them display ignorance of their own interests... [<I>Nicomachean Ethics</I>, VI, vii, 5, translated by H.Rackham, modified, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1926, 1982, p.345]</blockquote>
<P>Similar caution should be exercised in considering Aristotle's contribution to what we now think of as <a href="science.htm">science</a>. This was gravely hampered by his lack of interest in mathematics. Although Aristotle in general had a more empirical and experimental attitude than Plato, modern science did not come into its own until <I>Plato's</I> <img src="images/updown.gif" align=left><a href="music.htm">Pythagorean</a> confidence in the <I>mathematical</I> nature of the world returned with <a href="separat.htm#kepler">Kepler</a>, <a href="hist-2.htm">Galileo</a>, and Newton. For instance, Aristotle, relying on a theory of opposites that is now only of historical interest, rejected Plato's attempt to match the <a href="polyhedr.htm">Platonic Solids</a> with the <a href="elements.htm">elements</a> -- while Plato's expectations are now in fact realized in mineralogy and crystallography, where the Platonic Solids occur naturally. It is arguable that Aristotle's view of mathematics, and his <a href="arch.htm">inductive</a> theory of "scientific" method, not only inhibited the development of science during the Middle Ages, but continued to confuse philosophers and scientists at least until <a href="popper.htm">Karl Popper</a>.
<P>Therefore, care is in order when comparing the meaning of the metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle with its significance for their attitudes towards ethics, politics, and science. Indeed, if the opposite of <I>wisdom</I> (<font size=+1>σοφία</font>) is, not ignorance (<font size=+1>ἀμαθία</font>), but <I>folly</I> (<font size=+1>μωρία</font>), then Socrates and Plato certainly started off with the better insight.
<P>The traditional stereotype of the relation between Plato and Aristotle is now reinforced by <I>The Cave and the Light: Plato Versus Aristotle, <img src="images/updown.gif" align=right>and the Struggle for the Soul of Western Civilization</I>, by Arthur Herman [Random House, 2013]. We discover, according to Herman, that Plato was detached from reality and thus ultimately fostered the fanaticism of Nazis and Terrorists, while Aristotle was empirical and pragmatic. Plato's thought was retrospective, while Aristotle's was progressive. The whole history of Western civilization has been a tug-of-war between these two perspectives, with Aristotle's approach clearly more benign and salutary.
<P>Although Herman was previously responsible for a fine book, <I>How the Scots Invented the Modern World</I> [2001], the cautions above should be enough to explode his thesis about Plato and Aristotle. We can even question the seriousness of Aristotle's empiricism when we recall that he never tested his theory about falling bodies, which was left to <a href="hist-1.htm#impetus">John Philoponus</a> and then Galileo to refute. <img src="images/downup.gif" align=left>What may be worse than Herman's shallow caricature of the ancient philosophers, however, is a distortion of the history of philosophy by the neglect of the way that <a href="hist-1.htm#late">Neoplatonism</a> combined Plato and Aristotle into a single powerful, durable, and influential system. The Neoplatonic approach, that there was no real difference between Plato and Aristotle, would certainly be puzzling to Herman; but its explanation would be called for in any comprehensive treatment of the two over the long period that Herman undertakes to cover, including the whole history of philosophy in Mediaeval Judaism and <a href="hist-1.htm#islam">Islām</a>. Since Neoplatonism was fostered for centuries in <a href="decdenc1.htm#constantinople">Constantinople</a>, and returned for one last blast of influence in the <a href="hist-1.htm#rebirth">Renaissance</a>, Herman has no excuse not to give it a central role in the history of philosophy. But, to be sure, it complicates the facile dualism upon which Herman's narrative relies.<br clear=left>
<P><center><table border cellpadding=5 width=630>
<tr><th><img src="images/Athens6.jpg" width=620></th></tr>
<tr><th>"The School of Athens," <I>Scuola di Atene</I>, September 24, 2019;<br>flags of tour groups visible at bottom.</th></tr>
</table></center>
<P><a href="#">Return to Top of Page</a><p>
<a href="wisdom.htm">Prudence, Goodness, and Wisdom</a><p>
<a name="note-2"><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<H3 ALIGN="center">Schopenhauer on English Clergymen</H3>
<p><center><img src="images/key-0.gif"></center>
<P>While Schopenhauer was correct about the lack of impact of English Christian evangelism on India, he has failed to recall, or perhaps at the time did not know, that a large part of the population of India, 25% or so, had already converted to <a href="islam.htm"><B>Islām</B></a>, which in turn drove <a href="buddhism.htm#stages">Buddhism</a> to extinction in the land of its birth. Islām, as much as Judaism and Protestant Christianity, was lacking the key ingredient to real religion, as far as Schopenhauer was concerned: <B>Monasticism</B>. What was worse, Islām offered explicit promises of very earthly pleasures for the Saved in Paradise. This earned nothing but contempt from Schopenhauer. Christian evangelism, of course, was soon, after the <a href="sangoku.htm#oudh">Great Mutiny</a> of 1857-1858, renounced as any part of official British policy in India.
<P><a href="#east">Return to Schopenhauer Quote</a><p>
</BODY>
</HTML>
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History of Philosophy
[](./#server)[](./#server)History of Philosophy
   
> The safest general characterization of the European philosophical tradition is that it consists of a series of footnotes to Plato.
> Alfred North Whitehead, *Process and Reality*, p. 53 [Free Press, 1969]; the painting is the *School of Athens* (*Scuola di Atene*) by Raphael, with Plato, pointing up, and Aristotle, gesturing down, in the middle [[note](#note-1)].
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> The Master said, "At fifteen I set my purpose on learning.
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> At thirty, I was established. At forty, I had no doubts.
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> At fifty, I knew the Mandate of Heaven.
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> At sixty, my ear was obedient.
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> At seventy, I could follow what my heart desired,
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> and not transgress the norm."
> Confucius, *Analects* [II:4](confuciu.htm#fifty), translation after James Legge [1893], Arthur Waley [1938], and D.C. Lau [1979] -- both  in Chinese and *norma* in Latin basically mean "carpenter's square," and then secondarily "rule, standard" and other principles of value. We also have "normal" in English, from Latin *normalis*, the adjective of *norma*.
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> | Bust of Schiller, Central Park, New York City |
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> *Eine schöne Seele nennt man es, wenn sich das sittliche Gefühl aller Empfindungen des Menschen endlich bis zu dem Grad versichert hat, daß es den Affekt die Leitung des Willens ohne Scheu überlassen darf, und nie Gefahr läuft, mit den Entscheidungen desselben im Widerspruch zu stehen. Daher send bey einter schönen Seele die enzelnen Hanglungen eigentlich nicht sittlich, sondern der ganze Charakter ist es.*
> One refers to a beautiful soul when the ethical sense has at last so taken control of all a person's feelings that it can leave affect to guide the will without hesitation and is never in danger of standing in contradiction to its decisions. For this reason the actions of a beautiful soul are not themselves ethical, but the character as a whole is so.
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> [Friedrich Schiller](poly-1.htm), *Über Anmuth und Würde*, "On Grace and Dignity," *Schiller's "On Grace and Dignity" in Its Cultural Context, Essays and a New Translation*, Edited by Jane V. Curran and Christophe Fricker, Camden House, 2005, pp.152,203.
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> ---
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> **BILL MURRAY**: "What did you study?"
> **SCARLETT JOHANSSON**: "Philosophy."
> **BILL MURRAY**: "Yeah, there's a good buck in that racket."
> **SCARLETT JOHANSSON**: "Well, so far it's pro bono."
> [*Lost in Translation*](bellos.htm), 2003, Focus Features
>
>
> ---
>
>
> Traditionally, these are questions for philosophy, but philosophy is dead.
> Stephen Hawking, and Leonard Mlodinow, *The Grand Design*, p.5 [Bantam Book, 2010, 2012]
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## *Editorial Essays*
### *Index*
* [*How to Think Like a Woman*, by Regan Penaluna, 2023 [45.9K]](penaluna.htm) 
+ [Hypergamy and Self-Inserts](penaluna.htm#hypergamy) 
* [Philippa Foot on Nietzsche [173.0K]](nietzsch.htm#philippa) 
* [Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) [188.9K]](wittgen.htm)
+ [Elizabeth Anscombe (1919-2001)](wittgen.htm#note-0)
- [The Truman Grandstanding](wittgen.htm#truman) - [*Anscombe v. Lewis*](wittgen.htm#debate) 
* [Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," *Ratio*, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K]](henry.htm)
* [The Sources and Influence of the Kant-Friesian School [7.2K]](school.htm)
+ [The Principles of Friesian Philosophy [23.5K]](friesian.htm)+ [The Curse of the Friesian School [78.0K]](./ross/#curse)
* [Western Philosophy](#west)
+ [Classical Languages [156.7K]](upan.htm#classic)
- [Prescriptive Grammar](upan.htm#note-1)+ [Ancient Philosophy](#ancient)
- [Greek Philosophy](#greek)
* [Why I am a Platonist [103.7K]](./ross/platonis.htm)- [Hellenistic Philosophy](#hellen)- [Philosophy in Late Antiquity](#late)
* [The Grammar of Philoponus's Statement [174.6K]](archon.htm#john)+ [Mediaeval Philosophy](#mediaeval)+ [Modern Philosophy](#modern)+ [Reviews](#review)+ [Letters](#letter)* [Eastern Philosophy](#east)
+ [Languages with more than 30,000,000 Speakers as of 2005 [156.7K]](upan.htm)
- [Classical Languages](upan.htm#classic)- [The Earliest Civilizations](upan.htm#civiliz)+ [Indian Philosophy](#india)+ [Chinese Philosophy](#china)+ [Buddhist Philosophy](#buddha)
## *Links*
* [Jacqueline I. Stone, Princeton University](http://www.princeton.edu/~jstone/)
## *Contributed Essays*
* [Schopenhauer on Conscience as the Ground of Ethics, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez, 2010 [26.7K]](gonzalz3.htm)
* [Popper on the *A Priori*, by David Samra, 2009 [64.7K]](samra.htm)
* [Leonard Nelson's Program of a Scientific Philosophy, by Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2008 [11.0K]](nelsonsc.htm)
* [Kay Herrmann in Conversation with Rene Saran [11.8K]](saran.htm)
* [*Nelson's Proof of the Impossibility of the Theory of Knowledge*, Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2011 [9.6K]](nelproof.htm)
* [Camus' Hero of the Absurd, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez, 2005 [47.0K]](gonzalez.htm)
* [Emptiness and the Institutional Suicide of Chinese Buddhism, by Neal Donner [39.1K]](donner-2.htm)
* [Maimonides on the Sabians, A Case of Constructive Disapproval, by Mark R. Sunwall [109.1K]](sunwall.htm)
* [Ayn Rand's Second "A": Is It Really Averroism?, by Mark Sunwall](sunwall.htm#rand)
* [What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]](sunwall2.htm) 
* [Metaphysics and the Question of Animal Intelligence in the Thought of Descartes, by Dennis W. Jowers [24.0K]](jowers.htm)
* [*Agana Belea* and the Death of Socrates, by Harold Ravitch, Ph.D. [40.1K]](ravitch.htm)
* [On Gödel's Philosophy of Mathematics, by Harold Ravitch, Ph.D. [2.2K]](goedel/)
## *Philosophy Web Search*
* [PhiloSophos Knowledge Base](http://www.philosophos.org)
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> The works that are being peddled about nowadays as the philosophy of [National Socialism](francia.htm#third) but have nothing whatever to do with the **inner truth and greatness of this movement** (namely the encounter between global technology and modern man) -- have all been written by men fishing in the troubled waters of "[values](poly-1.htm#axios)" and "totalities."
>
> Was heute vollends als Philosophie des Nationalsozialismus herumgeboten wird, aber mit der **inneren Wahrheit und Größe dieser Bewegung** (nämlich mit der Begegnung der planetarisch bestimmten Technik und des neuzeitlichen Menschen) nicht das Geringste zu tun hat, das macht seine Fischzüge in diesen trüben Gewässern der »Werte« und der »Ganzheiten«.
>
>
> [**Martin Heidegger**](rockmore.htm), *An Introduction to Metaphysics*, Translated by Ralph Manheim, Anchor Books, New York, 1959, p.166; *Einführung in die Metaphysik*, Max Niemeyer Verlag, Tübingen, 1953, 1998, p.152; color and boldface added; the infamous post-War endorsement of Nazism by Heidegger, who has been said by many to be one of the greatest philosophers of the 20th Century. 
> ---
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>
> Πολυμαθίη νόον ἔχειν οὐ διδάσκει·
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> Ἡσίοδον γὰρ ἂν ἐδίδαξε καὶ Πυθαγόρην αὖτίς τε
>
>
> Ξενοφάνεά τε καὶ Ἑκαταῖον.
>
> Learning of many things does not teach intelligence;
> if so it would have taught Hesiod and Pythagoras,
> and again Xenophanes and Hecataeus.
>
>
> **Heraclitus of Ephesus**, Ἡράκλειτος ὁ Ἐφεσίος, according to Diogenes Laertius, "Heraclitus of Ephesus," *The Presocratic Philosophers*, G.S. Kirk & J.E. Raven, Cambrige University Press, 1964, Fragment 193, p.182
>
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>
### *Western Philosophy*
* #### Ancient Philosophy
* **Greek Philosophy**
+ [The Origin of Philosophy: The Attributes of Mythopoeic Thought [274.9K]](greek.htm)
1. [Myths are Stories about Persons](greek.htm#stories)+ [Myth Allows for a Multiplicity of Explanations](greek.htm#egypt)+ [Mythic Traditions are Conservative](greek.htm#akhenaton)+ [Myths are Self-Justifying](greek.htm#justify)+ [Myths are Morally Ambivalent](greek.htm#morally)+ [The Origin of Philosophy: Why the Greeks?](greek.htm#why)
- [What the Greeks are Called](greek.htm#note-000) - [Kings and Tyrants](greek.htm#tyrant)- ["Money's Murky Origins"](greek.htm#note-16)- [An Open Letter to David W. Tandy on *Warriors into Traders, The Power of the Market in Early Greece*, University of California Press, 1997 [5.6K]](tandy.htm)+ [Historical Background to Greek Philosophy](greek.htm#history)
- [Eponymous Archons of Athens [174.6K]](archon.htm)- [Dialects of Greek [174.6K]](archon.htm#dialects)- [The Pronunciation of Greek](archon.htm#pronounce)+ [Mathematics & Music, after Pythagoras [29.3K]](music.htm)
- [Triangular Numbers](music.htm#triangle)- [Pythagorean Triplets [38.0K]](pythag.htm)+ [Parmenides of Elea and the *Way of Truth*](greek.htm#parmenides)
- [On Patronymics](greek.htm#note-22)- [Fragments of the *Way of Truth*](greek.htm#fragments)
* [The Soliloquy in *Hamlet* [4.8K]](notes/hamlet.htm)+ [The Greek Elements [117.4K]](elements.htm)
- [The Four Humors](elements.htm#humors)+ [Religion and Humanism, The Sophists to Secular Humanism [79.6K]](why.htm)
- [Relativism [57.2K]](relative.htm)+ [Comments on the *Euthyphro* [60.4K]](euthyph.htm)
- [Minoan Civilization](euthyph.htm#labyrinth)+ [Commentary on Plato's *Apology of Socrates* [331.1K]](apology.htm)
- [The Defense (17a-35e)](apology.htm#one)
* [Preliminaries](apology.htm"#two")* [Old Accusations](apology.htm#three)
+ [Reputation](apology.htm#four)+ [Defense](apology.htm#five)+ [Explanation](apology.htm#six)
- [The Politicians](apology.htm#reputed)- [The Poets](apology.htm#poets)- [The Craftsmen](apology.htm#craftsmen)+ [Misunderstandings](apology.htm#seven)* [New Accusations](apology.htm#eight)
+ [Examination of Meletus](apology.htm#nine)
- [First Line of Questioning, Education of Youth](apology.htm#ten)- [Second Line of Questioning, Corrupting the Young](apology.htm#eleven)- [Third Line of Questioning, The Gods](apology.htm#twelve)
* [The Books of Arethas](apology.htm#arethas)
+ [Greek Words for Lesbians](apology.htm#note-3)+ [Death](apology.htm#thirteen)
- [Battle](apology.htm#fourteen)- [Obedience](apology.htm#grateful)- [Politics](apology.htm#fifteen)- [The Voice](apology.htm#voice)+ [Students](apology.htm#sixteen)* [Conclusion](apology.htm#seventeen)- [The Sentence (35e-38c)](apology.htm#eighteen)- [Last Thoughts (38c-42a)](apology.htm#nineteen)+ [The Oracle at Delphi](apology.htm#oracle)+ [Burnet's gloss on *Apology* 41d, by Harold Ravitch [4.8K]](notes/harold.htm)+ [The Olympic and the Other Panhellenic Games](apology.htm#note-1)+ [The Rivers of Hades](apology.htm#note-2)+ [Socratic Ignorance in Democracy, the Free Market, and Science [84.1K]](socrates.htm)
- [Democracy](socrates.htm#demo)- [The Free Market](socrates.htm#market)- [Science](socrates.htm#science)+ [Money in Plato's *Apology of Socrates*](socrates.htm#socrates)+ [Women in the *Apology*](socrates.htm#women)
- [The Courtesan Phrynê](socrates.htm#pryne)+ ["The Impiety of Socrates," by M.F. Burnyeat, *Ancient Philosophy*, 17, No. 1, 1997 [88.0K]](impiety.htm)+ [The Μοῖρα of Socrates [133.2K]](newotto.htm#note-9)+ [Reponse to "The Death of Plato," by James V. Schall [*The American Scholar*, Summer 1996] published in *The American Scholar*, Autumn, 1996 [5.7K]](amscol.htm)+ [Questions about Socrates](socrates.htm#questions)
- [Plato's Answers](socrates.htm#answers)- [Socratic Method](socrates.htm#method)+ [Plato's *Republic* [83.4K]](plato.htm)
- [The Ring of Gyges, *Hollow Man*, and *The Tempest*](plato.htm#gyges)- [Plato's Typology](plato.htm#note-3)- [Machiavelli's View of Government](plato.htm#note)+ [Platonic and Archimedean Polyhedra [7.8K]](polyhedr.htm)+ [Knowledge in Plato's *Meno* [34.8K]](knowledg.htm#note)+ [Why I am a Platonist [103.7K]](./ross/platonis.htm)
- [Mathematics](./ross/platonis.htm#note)+ [The gods of Euripides [82.4K]](god.htm#euripides)
- [*Euripides & the Gods*, by Mary Lefkowitz, Oxford, 2016 [31.4K]](lefkowiz.htm)+ [Aristotelian Syllogisms [6.3K]](aristotl.htm)
- [In Defense of *Bramantip* [15.6K]](syllog.htm)+ [The Arch of Aristotelian Logic [11.2K]](arch.htm)
- [The Friesian Trilemma [141.5K]](foundatn.htm#trilemma)+ [Future Contingency [87.8K]](lieb.htm#note-3)+ [Individual and Singular](lieb.htm#note-4)* **Hellenistic Philosophy**
+ [Historical Background to Hellenistic Philosophy [545.6K]](hist-1.htm)
- [The Great Library of Alexandria](hist-1.htm#library)+ [Hellenistic Philosophy](hist-1.htm#hellen)
- [The Distorted Story of Will Durant](hist-1.htm#durant)- [The Cynics](hist-1.htm#cynic)- [The Stoics](hist-1.htm#text-1)- [The Hedonists & Epicureans](hist-1.htm#hedone)
* [Modern Epicureanism](hist-1.htm#note-8)- [The Pyrrhonist & Academic Skeptics](hist-1.htm#text-2)
* [the Münchhausen Trilemma [141.5K]](foundatn.htm#munchhausen)- [Egyptian & Babylonian Scholars](hist-1.htm#manetho)- [Judaism & Jewish Philosophy](hist-1.htm#john)- [Hellenistic Science](hist-1.htm#science)
* [Mathematics](hist-1.htm#math)* [The Earth](hist-1.htm#earth)* [Astronomy](hist-1.htm#astro)* [Physics](hist-1.htm#physics)+ [Historical Background, Rome and Romania [1167.5K]](romania.htm)
* **Late Antiquity**
+ [Historical Background, Rome and Romania](romania.htm#second)+ [Philosophy in Late Antiquity](hist-1.htm#late)
- [Hypatia of Alexandria](hist-1.htm#theano)
* [Note on Alexandria, Habitation Names](hist-1.htm#note-alex)
+ [Note on Male & Female in Greek](hist-1.htm#female)- [Christological Controversies](hist-1.htm#christ)
* [Gnosticism](hist-1.htm#gnostic)
+ [Elaine Pagels, *The Gnostic Gospels*, Vintage Books, 1979, 1989, and *Beyond Belief, the Secret Gospel of Thomas*, Random House, 2003 [46.6K]](pagels.htm)* [Arianism](hist-1.htm#arian)* [Nestorianism](hist-1.htm#nestor)* [Monophysitism](hist-1.htm#mono)* [Monotheletism](hist-1.htm#maron)* [Mormonism](hist-1.htm#mormon)- [Mediaeval Physics: The Scientific Revolution of John Philoponus](hist-1.htm#impetus)
* [The History of Science without Philoponus](hist-1.htm#without)
+ [*The Dream Universe, How Fundamental Physics Lost Its Way*, by David Lindley [Doubleday, 2020]](hist-1.htm#lindley)* [The Grammar of Philoponus's Statement [174.6K]](archon.htm#john)
- #### Mediaeval Philosophy
* [Philosophy in ʾIslām [545.6K]](hist-1.htm#islam)
+ [Occasionalism in *Kalām*](hist-1.htm#text-4)+ [The Vindication of Sufism](hist-1.htm#sufism)+ [ʾIbn Khaldūn (1332-1406)](hist-1.htm#khaldun)+ [The word "ʾAllāh" in Arabic, with Cognates in Hebrew & Babylonian](hist-1.htm#note-11a)+ [Historical Background to Mediaeval Jewish & Islāmic Philosophy [470.6K]](islam.htm#prophet)+ [Maimonides on the Sabians, A Case of Constructive Disapproval, by Mark R. Sunwall [109.1K]](sunwall.htm)* Historical Background to European Philosophy
+ [Successors to Rome [510.6K]](francia.htm)+ [The Periphery of Francia [499.6K]](perifran.htm)
* [Philosophy in the Christian High Middle Ages [545.6K]](hist-1.htm#high)
+ [Realism and Nominalism, Aquinas and Ockham](hist-1.htm#realism)+ [Mediaeval Science](hist-1.htm#bacon)* [The Renaissance](hist-1.htm#rebirth)
+ [Mistra and Athos](hist-1.htm#athos)+ [The Reformation](hist-1.htm#reform)+ [Machiavelli and the Moral Dilemma of Statecraft [96.2K]](machiav.htm)
- ["The Question of Machiavelli," by Isaiah Berlin, *The New York Review of Books*, November 4, 1971, & March 7, 2013](machiav.htm#berlin)- ["A Poetics for Tyrants," by Philip Delves Broughton, reviewing *Machiavelli: The Art of Teaching People What to Fear*, by Patrick Boucheron, *The Wall Street Journal*, January 25-26, 2020, C12](machiav.htm#delves)- ["Whatever It Takes," by Tim Parks, reviewing *Machiavelli: The Art of Teaching People What to Fear*, by Patrick Boucheron, and *Machiavelli: His Life and Times*, by Alexander Lee, *The New York Review of Books*, October 22, 2020, p.41](machiav.htm#parks)- [Machiavelli's View of Government [83.4K]](plato.htm#note)- [Translating Machiavelli and Two Bible Verses [116.0K]](wisdom.htm#note-4)
- #### Modern Philosophy
* [The Beginning of Modern Science [95.0K]](hist-2.htm)
+ [The "Sin" of Galileo [12.1K]](mumford.htm)* [René Descartes and the *Meditations on First Philosophy*](hist-2.htm#descartes)
+ [The Linguistic Turn](hist-2.htm#note-1)+ [Solipsism and Radical Skepticism](hist-2.htm#note-2)* [Baruch Spinoza (1632-1677) [17.7K]](spinoza.htm)
* [John Locke (1632-1704) [78.3K]](locke.htm)
+ [Mixing Paints](locke.htm#note-2)+ [the Lockean Trilemma [141.5K]](foundatn.htm#locke)
* [Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz (1646-1716) [26.1K]](leibniz.htm)
+ [The Clarke-Leibniz Debate (1715-1716) [64.4K]](space.htm#clarke)
- [Leibniz's First Argument](space.htm#one)- [Leibniz's Second Argument and Clarke's Reply](space.htm#two)
* [Some Metaphysics of Angular Momentum and Gravity [44.2K]](angular.htm)* [Monads, Particles, and Space [71.0K]](cosmolog.htm#note-1)- [Leibniz's Third Argument and Kant's Reply](space.htm#third)- [Another Reply to Leibniz](space.htm#four)+ [Philosophical Problems with Calculus [14.4K]](calculus.htm)
* [Bernard Mandeville (1670-1733), The False Friend of Freedom [111.1K]](bees.htm)
+ [The Broken Window Fallacy](bees.htm#note-1)+ [Mutual Aid Societies](bees.htm#note-3)+ [F.A. Hayek on Mandeville](bees.htm#note-2)+ ["Greece, Rome, Columbia," by Brooke Allen, reviewing *First Principles*, by Thomas E. Ricks, "Books," *The Wall Street Journal*, November 14-15, 2020, p.C7](bees.htm#allen)
* [Hume Shifts the Burden of Proof [28.3K]](hume.htm)
+ [Confusions about Hume in Antony Flew](hume.htm#note-1)+ [Key Distinctions for Value Theories, and the Importance of Hume [191.5K]](key.htm#key)+ [On Miracles [87.7K]](miracles.htm)
- [The Mystery of Miracles](miracles.htm#why)
* [Smith's Law, Free Trade, and Free Immigration [42.3K]](smith.htm)
* [Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) [140.3K]](kant.htm)
+ [Königsberg and Королягора](kant.htm#koenigs)+ [The Philosopher's Walk](kant.htm#walknote)+ [Kant Index](kant.htm#index)+ [Analytic and Synthetic: Kant and the Problem of First Principles](kant.htm#synthetic)+ [Kant's Transcendental Idealism](kant.htm#idealism)
- [Kant's Transcendental Realism [170.3K]](deutero.htm#note-3)+ [Kant's "Attack on the Noumenon" [188.9K]](wittgen.htm#attack)+ [The Crooked Timber of Humanity](kant.htm#crooked)+ [Kant and Schopenhauer on Music [221.5K]](poly-1b.htm#music)+ [Intuition and Mysticism in Kantian Philosophy](kant.htm#intuition)+ [The Most Knowable and the Most Real](kant.htm#most)+ [Note on Kant's Astronomy](kant.htm#note-2) 
- [The Great Debate](kant.htm#hubble)- [Astronomical Ignorance and Falsehoods](kant.htm#falsehoods) 
* [Michio Kaku](kant.htm#kaku)* [Lawrence M. Krauss](kant.htm#krauss) * [The Great George O. Abell](kant.htm#allegory)* [NOVA Universe Revealed](kant.htm#nova)* [John Horgan](kant.htm#horgan)- [Three Points in Kant's Theory of Space and Time [64.4K]](space.htm#kant)- [Kant's First Antinomy, of Space and Time](space.htm#anti)- [A Deuteronomy of Kant's Geometry [116.4K]](space-1.htm)+ [Kantian Quantum Mechanics [59.8K]](space-2.htm#kant)+ [Kant's *Foundations of the Metaphysics of Morals*, *Grundlegung zur Metaphysik der Sitten* [171.0K]](moral-1.htm#note-1)+ [The Kant-Friesian Theory of Religion and Religious Value [81.2K]](numinos.htm)
- [Kant and Fries on Faith](numinos.htm#glaube)- [Kant on Judaism](numinos.htm#note-1)- [Kant's Bonfire of Idolatry [133.2K]](newotto.htm#kant)+ [What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]](sunwall2.htm) 
* [Modern Philosophy after Kant [6.3K]](hist-3.htm)
* [Jeremy Bentham (1748-1832) [22.2K]](bentham.htm)
* [The Analysis of Grace by Friedrich Schiller (1759-1805) [94.6K]](domain.htm#schiller)
* [G.W.F. Hegel (1770-1831) [124.0K]](hegel.htm)
+ [Hegel's Method at its Origin](hegel.htm#note-1)+ [Robert Solomon's *In the Spirit of Hegel, A Study of G.W.F. Hegel's Phenomenology of Spirit*](hegel.htm#solomon)
- [Robert Solomon on Nietzsche [173.0K]](nietzsch.htm#note-3)+ [Hegel's Dialectic](hegel.htm#dialectic)+ [The Hegelian Sublime and Revolutionary Slaughter of Slavoj Žižek](hegel.htm#sublime)+ [Individualism [53.7K]](types.htm#note-1)
* [Jakob Friedrich Fries (1773-1843) [95.8K]](fries.htm)
+ [Religion in Fries](fries.htm#religion)+ [Republicanism in Fries](fries.htm#republic)+ [Anti-Semitism in Fries](fries.htm#antisemitism)+ [Ronald Dworkin (1931-2013)](fries.htm#note-1)+ [Gottlob Frege (1848-1925)](fries.htm#note)+ [Non-Intuitive Immediate Knowledge, *Ratio*, Vol. XXIX, No. 2, December 1987 [51.7K]](immedi-1.htm)+ [C. Edgar Goyette, Jr. (1917-1972) [2.2K]](goyette.htm)* [The Sources and Influence of the Kant-Friesian School [6.2K]](school.htm)
+ [The Principles of Friesian Philosophy [23.5K]](friesian.htm)+ [The Curse of the Friesian School [78.0K]](./ross/#curse)+ [The Kant-Friesian Theory of Religion and Religious Value [81.2K]](numinos.htm)+ [A New Kant-Friesian System of Metaphysics [77.8K]](system.htm)
- [Note on Tense and Aspect](system.htm#note-1)
* [Note on Greek Tenses](system.htm#note-3)+ [A Deuteronomy of Kant-Friesian Metaphysics [170.3K]](deutero.htm)
- [Kant's Transcendental Realism](deutero.htm#note-3)+ [Meaning and the Problem of Universals, A Kant-Friesian Approach [51.9K]](universl.htm)+ [The New Friesian Theory of Religious Value [133.2K]](newotto.htm)
- [Faith, Works, and Knowledge [28.2K]](faith.htm)* [Arthur Schopenhauer (1788-1860) [28.6K]](arthur.htm)
+ ["Windows on the Will," by Zadie Smith](arthur.htm#smith)+ [Arthur Schopenhauer, On "the Professors of Philosophy"](arthur.htm#professors)+ [Kant and Schopenhauer on Music [221.5K]](poly-1b.htm#music)+ [Schopenhauer on Conscience as the Ground of Ethics, by Pedro Blas Gonzalez [26.7K]](gonzalz3.htm)
* [The Marxist-Leninist Theory of History [77.7K]](marx.htm)
+ [The Soho Forum Debate: *Wolff v. Epstein*](marx.htm#soho)
- [Gene Epstein's Response to the Above](marx.htm#epstein)+ [Cargo Cult Economics [87.8K]](trade.htm#note-1)
- [*A Death in the Rainforest* by Don Kulick](trade.htm#kulick)- [English Department Marxism [87.8K]](trade.htm#note-3)+ [The Post-Modern Left [105.8K]](rand.htm#modern)+ [The Hegelian Sublime and Revolutionary Slaughter of Slavoj Žižek [121.0K]](hegel.htm#sublime)+ [Gentlemen and the Working Class [165.8K]](rank.htm#gentleman)+ [A Window on Totalitarian Ideology, "The Illusion of the First Person," by Merve Emre, *The New York Review of Books*, Volume LXIX, Number 17, November 3, 2020 [46.0K]](emre.htm) + [*Burning Money, The Material Spirit of the Chinese Lifeworld*, by C. Fred Blake, University of Hawai'i Press, 2011 [49.7K]](paper.htm)+ [The Essential Anti-Communist Bibliography [102.3K]](rand.htm#essential)
* [Friederich Nietzsche (1844-1900) [173.0K]](nietzsch.htm)
+ [Nietzsche Index](nietzsch.htm#index)+ [Translating Nietzsche](nietzsch.htm#note-1)
- [the Grammar of Niezsche's Statement](nietzsch.htm#note-4)- [More on Translating Nietzsche [49.5K]](police.htm#note-1)- [The Word for Slave [221.5K]](poly-1b.htm#note-9)+ [Robert Solomon on Nietzsche](nietzsch.htm#note-3)+ [Philippa Foot on Nietzsche](nietzsch.htm#philippa) + [Aestheticism and Moral Aestheticism in Nietzsche's *The Birth of Tragedy from the Spirit of Music*](poly-2.htm#nietzsche)+ [*Nietzsche and the Nazis, A Personal View by Stephen Hicks, Ph.D.*, DVD, Ockham's Razor Publishing, 2006 [21.5K]](hicks.htm)+ [A Letter to *The Wall Street Journal*, "Thus Fakes Zarathustra," about a column by Robert P. Crease , October 26, 2018, page A13 [3.3K]](wsj-07.htm)
* [Two Philosophical Mistakes in Poincaré (1854-1912) [13.4K]](poincare.htm)
* [Rudolf Otto (1869-1937) [243.5K]](otto.htm)
+ [Rudolf Otto in Rem B. Edwards' *Reason and Religion* [6.4K]](edwards.htm)+ [Rudolf Otto in Lenn Goodman's *Judaism, A Contemporary Philosophical Investigation*](otto.htm#goodman)* [Max Scheler (1874-1928), A Friesian Critique [12.5K]](scheler.htm) 
* [Nicolai Hartmann (1882-1950), A Friesian Critique [34.3K]](hartmann.htm)
* [Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) [10.0K]](jung.htm)
+ [Psychological Types [53.7K]](types.htm)+ [Gender Stereotypes and Sexual Archetypes [171.9K]](gender.htm)
* [Leonard Nelson (1882-1927) [54.0K]](nelson.htm)
+ [Nelson and Religion](nelson.htm#religion)+ [Note on Nelson's Axiomatic Diagrams](universl.htm#note-3)+ [The Friesian Trilemma [141.5K]](foundatn.htm#trilemma)+ [The Socratic Method, by Leonard Nelson [110.2K]](method.htm)+ [The Impossibility of the Theory of "Knowledge," by Leonard Nelson [51.4K]](theory.htm)+ [Paul Branton (1916-1990) [3.7K]](branton.htm)+ [*Nelson's Proof of the Impossibility of the Theory of Knowledge*, Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2011 [9.6K]](nelproof.htm)+ [Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," *Ratio*, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K]](henry.htm)
- [Emmy Noether (1882-1935) [44.2K]](angular.htm#note-5)+ [Leonard Nelson's Program of a Scientific Philosophy, by Dr. Kay Herrmann, 2008 [11.0K]](nelsonsc.htm)
- [Dr. Kay Herrmann [39.1K]](kay.htm)+ [Kay Herrmann in Conversation with Rene Saran [11.8K]](saran.htm)
* ["Old Ways of Thinking, Overturned," by Julian Baggini, review of *The Time of the Magicians*, by Wolfram Eilenberger, *The Wall Street Journal*, August 15-16, 2020, C7,9 [31.3K]](baggini.htm)
* [*On Heidegger's Nazism and Philosophy*, by Tom Rockmore, University of California Press, 1992 [54.4K]](rockmore.htm)
+ [A Letter to *Commentary*, "Of Time and Being a Nazi," Tod Lindberg, March 2010, p. 62, with Tod Lindberg's response [10.2K]](comment.htm)
* [Foundationalism and Hermeneutics [52.6K]](hermenut.htm)
+ [Ferdinand de Saussure (1857-1913)](hermenut.htm#note-2)
* [Philosophical Vienna [510.63K]](francia.htm#philos)
* [Existentialism [36.1K]](existent.htm)
+ [Friederich Nietzsche (1844-1900) [173.0K]](nietzsch.htm)+ [Robert Solomon on Nietzsche](nietzsch.htm#note-3)+ [A Letter to *The Wall Street Journal*, "Choose Your Own Adventure," about a column by John Kaag, May 11, 2018 [2.5K]](wsj-03.htm)
* [Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) [188.9K]](wittgen.htm)
+ [The Wittgensteins](wittgen.htm#note-1)
- [Princes of Sayn-Wittgenstein-Sayn](wittgen.htm#princes)+ [Wittgenstein and Tolstoy](wittgen.htm#note-5)+ [Peter Hacker's Wittgenstein](wittgen.htm#hacker)+ [Roger Scruton's Wittgenstein](wittgen.htm#roger)
- [Kant's "Attack on the Noumenon"](wittgen.htm#attack)+ [Gödel's Proof and Wittgenstein](wittgen.htm#goedel)+ [Elizabeth Anscombe (1919-2001)](wittgen.htm#note-0)
- [The Truman Grandstanding](wittgen.htm#truman) - [*Anscombe v. Lewis*](wittgen.htm#debate) 
* [Friedrich A. Hayek (1899-1992) [4.9K]](hayek.htm)
* [Sir Karl Popper (1902-1994) [7.6K]](popper.htm)
+ [Popper's Trilemma [141.5K]](foundatn.htm#note-3) + [Criticism of Karl Popper in Martin Gardner's *Are Universes Thicker Than Blackberries?*, W.W. Norton & Company, 2003 [22.6K]](gardner.htm)+ [Criticism of Karl Popper in Anthony O'Hear's *An Introduction to the Philosophy of Science*, Oxford University Press, 1989 [7.9K]](ohear.htm)+ [Popper on the *A Priori*, by David Samra, 2009 [64.7K]](samra.htm)
* [Ayn Rand (1905-1982) [102.3K]](rand.htm)
+ [*Huemer v. Epstein*](rand.htm#note-2)+ [The Essential Anti-Communist Bibliography](rand.htm#essential)+ [Ayn Rand's Second "A": Is It Really Averroism?, by Mark Sunwall [109.1K]](sunwall.htm#rand)+ [What Miss Rand saw and why it still matters, Part 1: The anti-Kant hypothesis, by Mark Sunwall [21.2K]](sunwall2.htm) 
* [Grete Henry's "The Significance of Behaviour Study for the Critique of Reason," *Ratio*, Volume XV, No. 2, December 1973 [102.2K + 3.17MB]](henry.htm)
* [C. Edgar Goyette, Jr. (1917-1972) [2.2K]](goyette.htm)
* [Roy Beaumont (1916-1977) [9.1K]](valley/beaumont.htm)
* [Mircea Eliade (1907-1986) [21.9K]](eliade.htm)
+ [Terms used in Mircea Eliade, *The Sacred and the Profane* [6.2K]](vocab.htm)* [Iris Murdoch (1919-1999), "The Sovereignty of Good" [170.3K]](deutero.htm#note-8) 
* [Chicago Schools: Economics, Religion, Philosophy, & Law [4.8K]](chicago.htm)- #### Reviews
* [Bertrand Russell's "Why I Am Not a Christian," *Why I Am Not a Christian and other essays on religion and related subjects*, edited by Paul Edwards, A Touchstone Book, George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1957 [79.6K]](why.htm#note-3)
* [*On Heidegger's Nazism and Philosophy*, by Tom Rockmore, University of California Press, 1992 [54.4K]](rockmore.htm)
* [*The Rediscovery of the Mind*, John R. Searle, the MIT Press, Cambridge, 1992 [40.5K]](searle.htm)
* [*Austrian Philosophy, the Legacy of Franz Brentano*, Barry Smith, Open Court, 1994 [9.8K]](austrian.htm)
* [*Past, Present, and Future, A Philosophical Essay about Time*, by Irwin C. Lieb, Illinois, 1991 [87.8K]](lieb.htm)- #### Letters
* [A Letter to *The Wall Street Journal*, "Thus Fakes Zarathustra," about a column by Robert P. Crease , October 26, 2018, page A13 [3.3K]](wsj-07.htm)
* [An Open Letter to David W. Tandy on *Warriors into Traders, The Power of the Market in Early Greece*, University of California Press, 1997 [5.6K]](tandy.htm)
* [Reponse to "The Death of Plato," by James V. Schall [*The American Scholar*, Summer 1996] published in *The American Scholar*, Autumn, 1996 [5.7K]](amscol.htm)
> We, on the contrary, now send to the Brahmans English clergymen and evangelical linen-weavers, in order out of sympathy to put them right, and to point out to them that they are created out of nothing, and that they ought to be grateful and pleased about it. But it is just the same as if we fired a bullet at a cliff. In India our religions will never at any time take root; the ancient wisdom of the human race will not be supplanted by the events in Galilee. On the contrary, Indian wisdom flows back to Europe, and will produce a fundamental change in our knowledge and thought.
> **Arthur Schopenhauer**, *The World as Will and Representation*, Volume I, §63, p. 356-357 [Dover Publications, 1966, E.F.J. Payne translation] [[note](#note-2)]
### *Eastern Philosophy*
* #### Indian Philosophy
+ ["Knowing" Words in Indo-European Languages [65.8K]](cognates.htm)
- [Greek, Sanskrit, and Closely Related Languages](cognates.htm#sanskrit)
* [The Gypsies or Roma](cognates.htm#gypsies)- [The Spread of Indo-European and Turkish Peoples off the Steppe [156.7K]](upan.htm#steppe)
+ [Historical Background, Emperors of India [657.1K]](sangoku.htm#india)
+ [The Fours Vedas and the Parts of the Vedas](upan.htm#veda)
- [The Thirteen Principal Upaniṣads with their associated Vedas, Brāhmaṇas and Âraṇyakas](upan.htm#upan)
* [The Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad](upan.htm#manduk)- [The Caste System and the Stages of Life in Hinduism [46.5K]](caste.htm)
* [Suttee](caste.htm#note-1)* [The Name of Benares](caste.htm#note)
+ [Comments on the *Bhagavad Gita* [70.3K]](gita.htm)
- [The Major and Minor Books of the *Mahābhārata* and Synopsis](gita.htm#bharat)
+ [The "Six Schools" of India [63.5K]](six.htm)
1. [Mīmāṁsā](six.htm#mimamsa)+ [Vedānta](six.htm#vedanta)+ [Sānkhya](six.htm#sankhya)+ [Yoga](six.htm#yoga)+ [Nyāya](six.htm#nyaya)+ [Vaiśeṣika](six.htm#vaisheshika)
+ [Karma, the Problem of Evil in India [26.0K]](karma.htm)
+ [The Indian & Buddhist Elements [117.4K]](elements.htm#india)
- [The Five Products of the Cow](elements.htm#products)+ [The Devotionalistic Gods in Hinduism [32.4K]](gods.htm)
- [The 33 Gods of the Vedas](gods.htm#note-0)- [The Calendar in India [145.0K]](calendar.htm#india)
* [Cycles of Time in Hinduism and Buddhism](gods.htm#note-4)- [Excerpt from the Bhaviṣya Purāṇa](gods.htm#gods)
+ [Violence, Non-Violence, and Progress in History [43.6K]](gandhi.htm)* #### Chinese Philosophy
+ [Historical Background to Chinese Philosophy [657.1K]](sangoku.htm#china)
- [Categories of Chinese Characters [139.5K]](yinyang.htm#characters)
* [Logograms and Ideograms](yinyang.htm#note-1)- [The Dialects of Chinese](yinyang.htm#dialects)
* [Details on Min](yinyang.htm#min)* [Examples of Dialect Differences Between Peking, Shanghai and, Canton](yinyang.htm#dialects2)
+ [Shanghai Tones](yinyang.htm#shanghai)* [Pronouncing Mandarin Initials](yinyang.htm#dialects3)* [Mandarin Finals and Syllables](yinyang.htm#dialects5)* [The Contrast between Classical and Modern Chinese](yinyang.htm#dialects4)
+ [Classical Chinese Read in Other Languages](yinyang.htm#other)+ [The Denial that Classical Chinese Was a Spoken Language](yinyang.htm#denial)+ [Such a Claim by Roger T. Ames and Henry Rosemont, Jr.](yinyang.htm#ames)+ [The Phonology of Classical Chinese](yinyang.htm#homophony)+ [Classical Chinese, Ideographic *vs.* Phonetic](yinyang.htm#ideogram)
+ [The Solar Terms and the Chinese Calendar [45.5K]](chinacal.htm)
- [The Chinese 60 Year Calendar Cycle](chinacal.htm#60)- [The Occurrence of the Solar Terms 1995-2012 [12.1K]](notes/note-p.htm)- [Groundhog Day and Chinese Astronomy [41.9K]](grndhog.htm)
+ [The "Six Schools," Plus Three, of China [63.5K]](six.htm#china)
1. [Confucianism](six.htm#confucian)+ [Taoism](six.htm#tao)+ [Yin and Yang School](six.htm#yinyang)+ [Legalism](six.htm#legal)+ [School of Names](six.htm#ming)+ [Mohism](six.htm#mohism)
[The Nine Ranks or Classes](six.htm#text-4)
[Twenty-Seven Ranks](six.htm#note-4)+ [School of Politics](six.htm#politics)+ [Eclectics](six.htm#electics)+ [Agriculturists](six.htm#agriculture)
+ [Confucius [*K'ung-fu-tzu* or *Kongfuzi*] [80.3K]](confuci.htm)
- [Terms for Buddhism](confuci.htm#note-1)- [The Huí and Huíhuí](confuci.htm#hui)- [Profit in Confucianism](confuci.htm#note-3)- [Chinese Gods](confuci.htm#note-4)- [Chinese Virtues [191.5K]](key.htm#virtues)- [The Four Classes of China](key.htm#class)- [The Six Relationships and the Mandate of Heaven](confuci.htm#six)- [The Confucian Chinese Classics](confuci.htm#classics)
* [The Examination System](confuci.htm#note-8)- [Key Passages in the *Analects* of Confucius [219.0K]](confuciu.htm)
* [The "Philosophical Translation" of Ames and Rosemont](confuciu.htm#note)* [Book I, Learning, etc.](confuciu.htm#i)* [Book II, Practice of Government](confuciu.htm#ii)* [Book III, Eight Rows](confuciu.htm#iii)* [Book IV, Neighborhood Benevolence](confuciu.htm#iv)* [Book V, Kung-ye Ch'ang](confuciu.htm#v)* [Book VI, There is Yung](confuciu.htm#vi)* [Book VII, Transmitter, etc.](confuciu.htm#vii)* [Book VIII, T'ai-po](confuciu.htm#viii)* [Book IX, The Master Seldom](confuciu.htm#ix)* [Book XI, Former Men](confuciu.htm#xi)* [Book XII, Yen Yüan](confuciu.htm#xii)* [Book XIII, Tzu-lu](confuciu.htm#xiii)* [Book XIV, Hsien Asked](confuciu.htm#xiv)* [Book XV, Duke Ling of Wei](confuciu.htm#xv)* [Book XVI, Head of the Chi](confuciu.htm#xvi)* [Book XVII, Yang Ho](confuciu.htm#xvii)* [Book XIX, Tzu-Chang](confuciu.htm#xix)* [Book XX, Yao Yüeh](confuciu.htm#xx)- [A Letter to *The Wall Street Journal*, "The Anatomy of Morality," about a column by Julian Baggini, January 16, 2019, page A15 [2.2K]](wsj-10.htm)
+ [Comments on the *Tao Te Ching* [56.0K]](taote.htm)
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Book I, 道, Dào, Chapters 1-37;](taote.htm#book-1) | [Book II, 德, Dé, Chapters 38-80](taote.htm#book-2) |
|
- [Chapter I](taote.htm#chap-1)- [Chapter III](taote.htm#chap-3)- [Chapter V](taote.htm#notkind)- [Chapter VI](taote.htm#chap-6)- [Chapter VII](taote.htm#chap-7)- [Chapter VIII](taote.htm#chap-8)- [Chapter X](taote.htm#chap-10)- [Chapter XI](taote.htm#chap-11)- [Chapter XII](taote.htm#chap-12)- [Chapter XVII](taote.htm#chap-17)- [Chapter XVIII](taote.htm#chap-18)- [Chapter XIX](taote.htm#chap-19)- [Chapter XXII](taote.htm#chap-22)- [Chapter XXIV](taote.htm#chap-24)- [Chapter XXV](taote.htm#chap-25)- [Chapter XXVIII](taote.htm#chap-28)- [Chapter XXIX](taote.htm#chap-29)- [Chapter XXXII](taote.htm#32)- [Chapter XXXIV](taote.htm#chap-34)- [Chapter XXXVI](taote.htm#chap-36)- [Chapter XXXVII](taote.htm#chap-37) |
- [Chapter XXXVIII](taote.htm#38)- [Chapter XLIII](taote.htm#chap-43)- [Chapter XLVI](taote.htm#chap-46)- [Chapter XLVII](taote.htm#chap-47)- [Chapter XLVIII](taote.htm#chap-48)- [Chapter XLIX](taote.htm#chap-49)- [Chapter LII](taote.htm#chap-52)- [Chapter LVI](taote.htm#chap-56)- [Chapter LVII](taote.htm#chap-57)- [Chapter LVIII](taote.htm#chap-58)- [Chapter LX](taote.htm#chap-60)- [Chapter LXI](taote.htm#chap-61)- [Chapter LXVI](taote.htm#chap-66)- [Chapter LXX](taote.htm#chap-70)- [Chapter LXXV](taote.htm#chap-75)- [Chapter LXXVI](taote.htm#chap-76)- [Chapter LXXVII](taote.htm#chap-77)- [Chapter LXXVIII](taote.htm#chap-78)- [Chapter LXXX](taote.htm#chap-80) |
+ [Sun Tzu and Flavius Vegetius Renatus](taote.htm#note-1)+ [Yīn & Yáng and the *I Ching* [139.5K]](yinyang.htm)
- [Fantasy Factorial Hexagrams [16.3K]](hexagram.htm)+ [Zen and the Art of Divebombing, or The Dark Side of the Tao [95.7K]](divebomb.htm)
+ [The Chinese Elements and Associations [117.4K]](elements.htm#china)
- [Chinese Colors](elements.htm#colors)- [The Chinese Soul [84.5K]](soul.htm#note-2)- [The Chinese Ritual Order](elements.htm#note-3)
* [*Burning Money, The Material Spirit of the Chinese Lifeworld*, by C. Fred Blake, University of Hawai'i Press, 2011 [49.7K]](paper.htm)- [Fantasy Seven Element Theory](elements.htm#seven)
* [Seven Lucky Gods of Japan](elements.htm#gods)- [Fantasy Elemental Dragons](elements.htm#dragon)- [Chef Ho and the Names of Chinese Restaurants [233.4K]](ross/recipe.htm#chefho)
* #### Buddhist Philosophy
+ [The Basic Teachings of Buddhism [156.4K]](buddhism.htm)
- **The Four Noble Truths**
* [The Truth of Suffering](buddhism.htm#1suffer)* [The Truth of the Cause](buddhism.htm#2cause)* [The Truth of Cessation](buddhism.htm#3stop)* [The Truth of the Way](buddhism.htm#4way)- [*Why Buddhism Is True: The Science and Philosophy of Meditation and Enlightenment*, by Robert Wright, Simon & Schuster, 2017](buddhism.htm#note-1)
+ [Basic Buddhist Philosophical Doctrines](buddhism.htm#basic)
- [Momentariness](buddhism.htm#moment)- [Relative Existence](buddhism.htm#relative)- [No Self](buddhism.htm#noself)- [No God](buddhism.htm#nogod)- [Dependent Origination](buddhism.htm#dependent)- [Karma](buddhism.htm#karma)- [The Buddhist Elements [117.4K]](elements.htm#buddhism)
* [The Buddhist Realms of Rebirth](elements.htm#note-6)
+ [Stages in the History of Buddhism](buddhism.htm#stages)
- [Theravāda Buddhism](buddhism.htm#hina)
* [Relics in Buddhism [186.7K]](perigoku.htm#relics)
+ [The Relics of the Stupa at Piprahwa [657.1K]](sangoku.htm#relics)* [Ceylon, Kings of Lanka & Kandy](buddhism.htm#ceylon)
+ [Prime Ministers of Ceylon/Sri Lanka [199.1K]](british.htm#ceylon)- [Mahāyāna Buddhism](buddhism.htm#maha)
* [The Pilgrim Fa-hsien [657.1K]](sangoku.htm#faxian)* [The Pilgrim Hsüan-tsang](sangoku.htm#xuanzang)* [The Pilgrim I-ching](sangoku.htm#yijing)* [*Culmen Mundi et Via Serica*](buddhism.htm#note)- [Vajrayāna Buddhism](buddhism.htm#vajra)- [The Final Dharma Age](buddhism.htm#mappo)+ [Historical Background to Japan [657.1K]](sangoku.htm#japan)
+ [The "Six Schools," Plus Six, of Japan [63.5K]](six.htm#japan)
1. [Kusha Shū](six.htm#kusha)+ [Jôjitsu Shū](six.htm#jojitsu)+ [Sanron Shū](six.htm#sanron)+ [Hossô Shū](six.htm#hossho)+ [Ritsu Shū](six.htm#ritsu)+ [Kegon Shū](six.htm#kegon)+ [Tendai Shū](six.htm#tendai)+ [Shingon Shū](six.htm#shingon)+ [Zen Shū](six.htm#zen)
- [Zen and the Art of Divebombing, or The Dark Side of the Tao [95.7K]](divebomb.htm)
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## Plato and Aristotle,Up and Down
Raffaello Sanzio (born Santi) of [Urbino](italia.htm#urbino) (1483- 1520) painted "The School of Athens" between 1509 and 1511 for Pope [Julius II](popes.htm#julius). The Papal apartments he decorated are called the *Stanze di Raffaello*. Part of the motivation of Julius was that he did not want to live in rooms that had been decorated for Pope Alexander VI Borgia, who had been a personal enemy.
Raphael has Plato, whose image is apparently based on Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519), pointing up, with Aristotle gesturing down, to indicate the difference in their metaphysics. For Plato, true existence is in the World of Forms, in relation to which this world (of Becoming) is a kind of shadow or image of the higher reality. Aristotle, on the other hand, regards individual objects in this world as "primary substance," and he dismisses the existence of Plato's Forms -- except, that is, for [God](proof.htm), who for Aristotle is pure form, pure actuality (ἐνέργεια) without matter.
However, when it comes to ethics and politics, the gestures should be reversed. Plato, like [Socrates](apology.htm), believed that to do the good without error, one must know what the good is. Thus, we get the dramatic moment in the [*Republic*](plato.htm) where Plato says that philosophers, who have escaped from the Cave and come to understand the higher reality, must be *forced* to return to this world and rule, so that their [wisdom](wisdom.htm) can benefit the state. Aristotle, on the other hand, says that the "good" is simply the goal of various particular activities, without one meaning in Plato's sense. The particular activities of most human affairs involve *phrónêsis* (φρόνησις, *prudentia*), "practical wisdom." This is not *sophía* (σοφία, *sapientia*), true wisdom, which for Aristotle involves the *theoretical* (θεωρητική) knowledge of the highest things -- he says that σοφία is concerned with τὰ πρῶτα αἴτια καὶ αἱ ἀρχαί, "the primary causes and principles" [*Metaphysics* 981b29, Loeb, Vol. 1, p.8; see [first principles](arch.htm)] -- i.e. eternal truths, the gods, the heavens, and God. Thus, for philosophy, Aristotle should be pointing *up* and would represent a contemplative attitude that was certainly more congenial to religious perspectives in the Middle Ages.
Thus, Aristotle says:
> This is why people say that men like Anaxagoras and Thales 'may be wise [*sophoùs*, σοφοὺς] but are not prudent [*phronímous*, φρονίμους],' when they see them display ignorance of their own interests... [*Nicomachean Ethics*, VI, vii, 5, translated by H.Rackham, modified, Loeb Classical Library, Harvard University Press, 1926, 1982, p.345]
Similar caution should be exercised in considering Aristotle's contribution to what we now think of as [science](science.htm). This was gravely hampered by his lack of interest in mathematics. Although Aristotle in general had a more empirical and experimental attitude than Plato, modern science did not come into its own until *Plato's* [Pythagorean](music.htm) confidence in the *mathematical* nature of the world returned with [Kepler](separat.htm#kepler), [Galileo](hist-2.htm), and Newton. For instance, Aristotle, relying on a theory of opposites that is now only of historical interest, rejected Plato's attempt to match the [Platonic Solids](polyhedr.htm) with the [elements](elements.htm) -- while Plato's expectations are now in fact realized in mineralogy and crystallography, where the Platonic Solids occur naturally. It is arguable that Aristotle's view of mathematics, and his [inductive](arch.htm) theory of "scientific" method, not only inhibited the development of science during the Middle Ages, but continued to confuse philosophers and scientists at least until [Karl Popper](popper.htm).
Therefore, care is in order when comparing the meaning of the metaphysics of Plato and Aristotle with its significance for their attitudes towards ethics, politics, and science. Indeed, if the opposite of *wisdom* (σοφία) is, not ignorance (ἀμαθία), but *folly* (μωρία), then Socrates and Plato certainly started off with the better insight.
The traditional stereotype of the relation between Plato and Aristotle is now reinforced by *The Cave and the Light: Plato Versus Aristotle, and the Struggle for the Soul of Western Civilization*, by Arthur Herman [Random House, 2013]. We discover, according to Herman, that Plato was detached from reality and thus ultimately fostered the fanaticism of Nazis and Terrorists, while Aristotle was empirical and pragmatic. Plato's thought was retrospective, while Aristotle's was progressive. The whole history of Western civilization has been a tug-of-war between these two perspectives, with Aristotle's approach clearly more benign and salutary.
Although Herman was previously responsible for a fine book, *How the Scots Invented the Modern World* [2001], the cautions above should be enough to explode his thesis about Plato and Aristotle. We can even question the seriousness of Aristotle's empiricism when we recall that he never tested his theory about falling bodies, which was left to [John Philoponus](hist-1.htm#impetus) and then Galileo to refute. What may be worse than Herman's shallow caricature of the ancient philosophers, however, is a distortion of the history of philosophy by the neglect of the way that [Neoplatonism](hist-1.htm#late) combined Plato and Aristotle into a single powerful, durable, and influential system. The Neoplatonic approach, that there was no real difference between Plato and Aristotle, would certainly be puzzling to Herman; but its explanation would be called for in any comprehensive treatment of the two over the long period that Herman undertakes to cover, including the whole history of philosophy in Mediaeval Judaism and [Islām](hist-1.htm#islam). Since Neoplatonism was fostered for centuries in [Constantinople](decdenc1.htm#constantinople), and returned for one last blast of influence in the [Renaissance](hist-1.htm#rebirth), Herman has no excuse not to give it a central role in the history of philosophy. But, to be sure, it complicates the facile dualism upon which Herman's narrative relies.
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| "The School of Athens," *Scuola di Atene*, September 24, 2019;flags of tour groups visible at bottom. |
[Return to Top of Page](#)
[Prudence, Goodness, and Wisdom](wisdom.htm)
### Schopenhauer on English Clergymen
While Schopenhauer was correct about the lack of impact of English Christian evangelism on India, he has failed to recall, or perhaps at the time did not know, that a large part of the population of India, 25% or so, had already converted to [**Islām**](islam.htm), which in turn drove [Buddhism](buddhism.htm#stages) to extinction in the land of its birth. Islām, as much as Judaism and Protestant Christianity, was lacking the key ingredient to real religion, as far as Schopenhauer was concerned: **Monasticism**. What was worse, Islām offered explicit promises of very earthly pleasures for the Saved in Paradise. This earned nothing but contempt from Schopenhauer. Christian evangelism, of course, was soon, after the [Great Mutiny](sangoku.htm#oudh) of 1857-1858, renounced as any part of official British policy in India.
[Return to Schopenhauer Quote](#east)
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<h2> “Must See” Links</h2>
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<a href="shoelace/ianknot.htm" title="Ian Knot, the World's Fastest Shoelace Knot"><img src="shoelace/knots/ian-knot-anim-0.gif" srcset="shoelace/knots/ian-knot-anim-0.gif 1x, shoelace/knots/ian-knot-anim-0x.gif 2x" alt="Ian Knot animation"><span class="item">
Ian Knot</span></a>
<p> Tie your shoes in a split second with my “Ian Knot”, the World's Fastest Shoelace Knot.</p>
</div><div>
<a href="shoelace/grannyknot.htm" title="Check that you're not tying a 'Granny Knot'"><img src="shoelace/knots/granny-knot-0.jpg" srcset="shoelace/knots/granny-knot-0.jpg 1x, shoelace/knots/granny-knot-0x.jpg 2x" alt="Granny Knot (icon)"><span class="item">
Granny Knot</span></a>
<p> Check that you're not tying a “Granny Knot”, which sits crooked and comes undone.</p>
</div>
</div>
<!-- End of Related Links -->
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<div id="fr1">
<a class="ma4" href="contact.htm" title="Contact Ian Fieggen">Previous Page</a>
<a class="ma8" href="#header">Top of Page</a>
<a class="ma6" href="info.htm" title="About this site">Next Page</a>
</div>
<div id="fr2">
<p> This page last updated: 27-Sep-2023. Copyright © 1999-2023 by Ian W. Fieggen. All rights reserved.</p>
<p> Website created by
<a href="aboutian.htm" title="About Ian Fieggen">
Ian Fieggen</a> (aka. "Professor Shoelace"),
inventor of the <a href="shoelace/ianknot.htm" title="Ian Knot, the world's fastest shoelace knot">Ian Knot</a>.</p>
</div>
<div id="fr3">
<p> Ian's Other Websites:<br>
<a href="shoelace/index.htm" title="Ian's Shoelace Site"><img src="shoelace/icons/shoelace-site-0.png" alt="Ian's Shoelace Site">Shoelace</a>
<a href="software/index.htm" title="Ian's Software Site"><img src="software/SoftwareSite0.gif" alt="Ian's Software Site">Software</a>
<a href="graphics/index.htm" title="Ian's Graphics Site"><img src="graphics/Graphics-Site-0.gif" alt="Ian's Graphics Site">Graphics</a>
<a href="ian/index.htm" title="Ian Fieggen's Site"><img src="ian/Ians-Site-0.gif" alt="Ian Fieggen's Site">Ian</a>
<a href="family/index.htm" title="Fieggen Family Tree"><img src="family/Family-Tree-0.gif" alt="Fieggen Family Tree">Tree</a>
</p>
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|
www.fieggen.com – Welcome To My Website!
www.fieggen.com – Shoelaces, software, graphics & more from Ian Fieggen
Website Menu
Home
[Ian's Shoelace Site](shoelace/index.htm "Bringing you the fun, fashion & science of shoelaces")
[Ian's Software Site](software/index.htm "Minimalist software programs that are tiny yet very powerful")
[Ian's Graphics Site](graphics/index.htm "Computer graphics information, advice and samples")
[Ian Fieggen's Site](ian/index.htm "My own small part of the Internet")
[Chris Fieggen's Site](chris/index.htm "My father, Chris Fieggen, a pioneer programmer in the 1960s")
[Fieggen Family Tree](family/index.htm "Genealogical tree of the Fieggen Family")
Other Info Menu
[About This Site](info.htm "Information about www.fieggen.com")
[Search This Site](search.htm "Search www.fieggen.com")
[Site Map](sitemap.htm "Maps the layout of the www.fieggen.com website")
[About Ian](aboutian.htm "What sort of person runs such a website?")
[Contact Ian](contact.htm "I'd love to hear from you!")
Search This Site
# Welcome To My Website!
You've arrived at **www.fieggen.com**, the hobby website of Ian Fieggen (also known as *“Professor Shoelace”*).
The site has now been on the Internet for more than **two decades** and has seen around **50 million** visitors!.
You can find out more [about this website](info.htm "About this site"), or you can dive right in below:
## Table of Contents
[
Ian's Shoelace Site](shoelace/index.htm "Ian's Shoelace Site")
Fun, fashion & science in the Internet's #1 website about shoelaces – and home of the
[Ian Knot](ianknot.htm "Ian Knot"), the world's fastest shoelace knot. If you want to lace shoes, tie shoes or learn about shoelaces – this is the place!
[
Ian's Software Site](software/index.htm "Ian's Software Site")
This section contains an archive of some of Ian's ancient, tiny Windows apps, including the world's smallest, fastest and most efficient image optimization apps,
[JPGExtra](software/jpgextra.htm "Optimize JPG files with no loss of image quality by cleanly removing extras") and
[PNGExtra](software/pngextra.htm "Optimize PNG files with no loss of image quality by cleanly removing extras").
[
Ian's Graphics Site](graphics/index.htm "Ian's Graphics Site")
Having experimented with computer graphics since the very earliest days (40+ years ago), I consider myself a “Pixeltech”.
This section gives some information and advice about computer graphics.
[
Ian Fieggen's Site](ian/index.htm "Ian Fieggen's Site")
This is my own small part of the Internet, where I tell a little about myself and share some of my thoughts and ideas with the world.
Don't mistake this for a “blog” – I rarely update this section.
[
Chris Fieggen's Site](chris/index.htm "Chris Fieggen's Site")
A single-page historical account about my father, Chris Fieggen, who became a pioneer computer programmer for the ANZ Bank in the 1960s.
[
Fieggen Family Tree](family/index.htm "Fieggen Family Tree")
This Internet-viewable genealogical tree of the Fieggen Family contains information on my Dutch, German and French ancestry back to the 1600s.
For privacy reasons, this section requires authorization (username and password) and is restricted to known family members only.
## “Must See” Links
[
Ian Knot](shoelace/ianknot.htm "Ian Knot, the World's Fastest Shoelace Knot")
Tie your shoes in a split second with my “Ian Knot”, the World's Fastest Shoelace Knot.
[
Granny Knot](shoelace/grannyknot.htm "Check that you're not tying a 'Granny Knot'")
Check that you're not tying a “Granny Knot”, which sits crooked and comes undone.
[Previous Page](contact.htm "Contact Ian Fieggen")
[Top of Page](#header)
[Next Page](info.htm "About this site")
This page last updated: 27-Sep-2023. Copyright © 1999-2023 by Ian W. Fieggen. All rights reserved.
Website created by
[Ian Fieggen](aboutian.htm "About Ian Fieggen") (aka. "Professor Shoelace"),
inventor of the [Ian Knot](shoelace/ianknot.htm "Ian Knot, the world's fastest shoelace knot").
Ian's Other Websites:
[Shoelace](shoelace/index.htm "Ian's Shoelace Site")
[Software](software/index.htm "Ian's Software Site")
[Graphics](graphics/index.htm "Ian's Graphics Site")
[Ian](ian/index.htm "Ian Fieggen's Site")
[Tree](family/index.htm "Fieggen Family Tree")
| https://www.fieggen.com/ |
<!DOCTYPE html
PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<link rel="shortcut icon" href="/favicon.ico" />
<title>Gemfire - The Complete Guide</title>
<link href="Gemfire.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div id="Header">
<div>
<div>
<h3>The Complete Guide</h3>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="MainBody">
<div id="BorderTop"></div>
<div id="InnerContent">
<div id="NavigationOutter">
<div id="NavigationInner">
<div class="NavigationSubbox">
<a href="index.php">Main</a>
</div>
<div class="NavigationSubbox">
<a href="Families.php">Families</a>
</div>
<div class="NavigationSubbox">
<a href="People.php">People</a>
</div>
<div class="NavigationSubbox">
<a href="Contact.php">Contact</a>
</div>
<div class="Clear"></div>
</div>
</div>
<h2>About</h2>
<img class="FloatRight" src="Images/WizardsAndCrown.png" alt="Wizards and crown" />
<p>
Gemfire was a turn-based strategy game released <a href="http://www.koei.com/">Koei</a> in 1992.
It was available on for the PC, NES, Super NES and Genesis. Today
it has largly been forgotton, except by a handful of die-hard fans--one
of which is the author of these pages.
</p>
<p>
Not content simply playing the game, I've atempted to worked through
every aspect of the game and document it in hopes of sharing the
results of that work here.
</p>
<p>
This site isn't yet finished. I'll be adding more to it was
I find the time.
</p>
<div style="clear: both"></div>
<div style="float: left; width: 33%">
<h2>Scenarios</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="ErinAndAnder.php">
Erin & Ander
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="FlaxsShame.php">
Flax's Shame
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="TeriansWar.php">
Terian's War
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="GemfireScenario.php">
Gemfire
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Families</h2>
<h3>
<a href="Families.php">
Families
</a>
</h3>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Lankshire">
Lankshire
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Blanche">
Blanche
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Lyle">
Lyle
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Coryll">
Coryll
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Chrysalis">
Chrysalis
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Flax">
Flax
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Molbrew">
Molbrew
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Tate">
Tate
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Tordin">
Tordin
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Tudoria">
Tudoria
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Families.php#Divas">
Divas
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Gems</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Pluvius">
Pluvius
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Zendor">
Zendor
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Skulryk">
Skulryk
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Empyron">
Empyron
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Scylla">
Scylla
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Chylla">
Chylla
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Dragon">
Dragon
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<h2>Mercenaries</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Ogre">Ogre</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Orks">Orks</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Olog-hai">Olog-hai</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Gargoyles">Gargoyles</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Lizards">Lizards</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Skeletons">Skeletons</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Bugbear">Bugbear</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Fachan">Fachan</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Wyvern">Wyvern</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Gunners">Gunners</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Shooters">Shooters</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Spearmen">Spearmen</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Pikemen">Pikemen</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Lancers">Lancers</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="5thUnits.php#Warriors">Warriors</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="float: left; width: 34%">
<h2>Provinces</h2>
<ul>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=1">
Dunmoor (1)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=2">
Carveti (2)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=3">
Cobrige (3)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=4">
Banshea (4)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=5">
Petaria (5)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=6">
Hyland (6)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=7">
Norwood (7)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=8">
Lisle (8)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=9">
Erewood (9)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=10">
Rodale (10)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=11">
Hermet (11)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=12">
Ostlan (12)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=13">
Powice (13)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=14">
Cardyf (14)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=15">
Eljing (15)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=16">
Centra (16)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=17">
Culver (17)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=18">
Lindum (18)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=19">
Caster (19)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=20">
Anglia (20)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=21">
Oldlyn (21)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=22">
Londre (22)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=23">
Attley (23)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=24">
Linden (24)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=25">
Ashlan (25)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=26">
Penzan (26)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=27">
Belgam (27)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=28">
Celsea (28)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=29">
Cambry (29)
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="Lands.php?Province=30">
Farlan (30)
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="float: left; width: 33%">
<h2>People</h2>
<h3>
<a href="People.php">
All people
</a>
</h3>
<div style="float: left; width: 50%">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Ander">
Ander
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Colin">
Colin
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Loryn">
Loryn
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Bryan">
Bryan
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Erin">
Erin
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Hubert">
Hubert
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Geoff">
Geoff
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Roland">
Roland
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Terian">
Terian
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Seth">
Seth
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Erik">
Erik
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Regis">
Regis
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Oswald">
Oswald
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Griff">
Griff
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Adryl">
Adryl
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Eadric">
Eadric
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Karl">
Karl
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Carlyle">
Carlyle
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Erven">
Erven
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Pender">
Pender
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Geolug">
Geolug
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Owen">
Owen
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Leander">
Leander
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Elgis">
Elgis
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Jerras">
Jerras
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Garth">
Garth
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Kelvin">
Kelvin
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Lars">
Lars
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Alain">
Alain
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Eselred">
Eselred
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Wolfen">
Wolfen
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Elford">
Elford
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div style="float: left; width: 50%">
<ul>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Alex">
Alex
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Gerard">
Gerard
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Karla">
Karla
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Anise">
Anise
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Shabard">
Shabard
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Sven">
Sven
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Fuster">
Fuster
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Anselm">
Anselm
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Galford">
Galford
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Cairn">
Cairn
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Esok">
Esok
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Eustace">
Eustace
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Aiden">
Aiden
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Veen">
Veen
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Lenne">
Lenne
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Aigle">
Aigle
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Raith">
Raith
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Walther">
Walther
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Elias">
Elias
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Nicolay">
Nicolay
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Bradley">
Bradley
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Sarthe">
Sarthe
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Randal">
Randal
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Melgan">
Melgan
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Francis">
Francis
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Seagal">
Seagal
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Andrew">
Andrew
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Kneulf">
Kneulf
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Arkin">
Arkin
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Keyla">
Keyla
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Gweyn">
Gweyn
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="People.php?Person=Geran">
Geran
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="BorderBottom"></div>
</div>
<div id="Footer">
<a href="http://validator.w3.org/check?uri=referer">XHTML 1.0 strict</a>
| <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/">CSS compliant</a>
</div>
<div id="Copyright">
<p>(C) Copyright 2007, 2012, 2014 by <a href="http://www.DrQue.net/">Andrew Que</a></p>
</div>
</body>
</html>
|
Gemfire - The Complete Guide
### The Complete Guide
[Main](index.php)
[Families](Families.php)
[People](People.php)
[Contact](Contact.php)
## About
Gemfire was a turn-based strategy game released [Koei](http://www.koei.com/) in 1992.
It was available on for the PC, NES, Super NES and Genesis. Today
it has largly been forgotton, except by a handful of die-hard fans--one
of which is the author of these pages.
Not content simply playing the game, I've atempted to worked through
every aspect of the game and document it in hopes of sharing the
results of that work here.
This site isn't yet finished. I'll be adding more to it was
I find the time.
## Scenarios
* [Erin & Ander](ErinAndAnder.php)
* [Flax's Shame](FlaxsShame.php)
* [Terian's War](TeriansWar.php)
* [Gemfire](GemfireScenario.php)
## Families
###
[Families](Families.php)
* [Lankshire](Families.php#Lankshire)
* [Blanche](Families.php#Blanche)
* [Lyle](Families.php#Lyle)
* [Coryll](Families.php#Coryll)
* [Chrysalis](Families.php#Chrysalis)
* [Flax](Families.php#Flax)
* [Molbrew](Families.php#Molbrew)
* [Tate](Families.php#Tate)
* [Tordin](Families.php#Tordin)
* [Tudoria](Families.php#Tudoria)
* [Divas](Families.php#Divas)
## Gems
* [Pluvius](5thUnits.php#Pluvius)
* [Zendor](5thUnits.php#Zendor)
* [Skulryk](5thUnits.php#Skulryk)
* [Empyron](5thUnits.php#Empyron)
* [Scylla](5thUnits.php#Scylla)
* [Chylla](5thUnits.php#Chylla)
* [Dragon](5thUnits.php#Dragon)
## Mercenaries
* [Ogre](5thUnits.php#Ogre)
* [Orks](5thUnits.php#Orks)
* [Olog-hai](5thUnits.php#Olog-hai)
* [Gargoyles](5thUnits.php#Gargoyles)
* [Lizards](5thUnits.php#Lizards)
* [Skeletons](5thUnits.php#Skeletons)
* [Bugbear](5thUnits.php#Bugbear)
* [Fachan](5thUnits.php#Fachan)
* [Wyvern](5thUnits.php#Wyvern)
* [Gunners](5thUnits.php#Gunners)
* [Shooters](5thUnits.php#Shooters)
* [Spearmen](5thUnits.php#Spearmen)
* [Pikemen](5thUnits.php#Pikemen)
* [Lancers](5thUnits.php#Lancers)
* [Warriors](5thUnits.php#Warriors)
## Provinces
* [Dunmoor (1)](Lands.php?Province=1)
* [Carveti (2)](Lands.php?Province=2)
* [Cobrige (3)](Lands.php?Province=3)
* [Banshea (4)](Lands.php?Province=4)
* [Petaria (5)](Lands.php?Province=5)
* [Hyland (6)](Lands.php?Province=6)
* [Norwood (7)](Lands.php?Province=7)
* [Lisle (8)](Lands.php?Province=8)
* [Erewood (9)](Lands.php?Province=9)
* [Rodale (10)](Lands.php?Province=10)
* [Hermet (11)](Lands.php?Province=11)
* [Ostlan (12)](Lands.php?Province=12)
* [Powice (13)](Lands.php?Province=13)
* [Cardyf (14)](Lands.php?Province=14)
* [Eljing (15)](Lands.php?Province=15)
* [Centra (16)](Lands.php?Province=16)
* [Culver (17)](Lands.php?Province=17)
* [Lindum (18)](Lands.php?Province=18)
* [Caster (19)](Lands.php?Province=19)
* [Anglia (20)](Lands.php?Province=20)
* [Oldlyn (21)](Lands.php?Province=21)
* [Londre (22)](Lands.php?Province=22)
* [Attley (23)](Lands.php?Province=23)
* [Linden (24)](Lands.php?Province=24)
* [Ashlan (25)](Lands.php?Province=25)
* [Penzan (26)](Lands.php?Province=26)
* [Belgam (27)](Lands.php?Province=27)
* [Celsea (28)](Lands.php?Province=28)
* [Cambry (29)](Lands.php?Province=29)
* [Farlan (30)](Lands.php?Province=30)
## People
###
[All people](People.php)
* [Ander](People.php?Person=Ander)
* [Colin](People.php?Person=Colin)
* [Loryn](People.php?Person=Loryn)
* [Bryan](People.php?Person=Bryan)
* [Erin](People.php?Person=Erin)
* [Hubert](People.php?Person=Hubert)
* [Geoff](People.php?Person=Geoff)
* [Roland](People.php?Person=Roland)
* [Terian](People.php?Person=Terian)
* [Seth](People.php?Person=Seth)
* [Erik](People.php?Person=Erik)
* [Regis](People.php?Person=Regis)
* [Oswald](People.php?Person=Oswald)
* [Griff](People.php?Person=Griff)
* [Adryl](People.php?Person=Adryl)
* [Eadric](People.php?Person=Eadric)
* [Karl](People.php?Person=Karl)
* [Carlyle](People.php?Person=Carlyle)
* [Erven](People.php?Person=Erven)
* [Pender](People.php?Person=Pender)
* [Geolug](People.php?Person=Geolug)
* [Owen](People.php?Person=Owen)
* [Leander](People.php?Person=Leander)
* [Elgis](People.php?Person=Elgis)
* [Jerras](People.php?Person=Jerras)
* [Garth](People.php?Person=Garth)
* [Kelvin](People.php?Person=Kelvin)
* [Lars](People.php?Person=Lars)
* [Alain](People.php?Person=Alain)
* [Eselred](People.php?Person=Eselred)
* [Wolfen](People.php?Person=Wolfen)
* [Elford](People.php?Person=Elford)
* [Alex](People.php?Person=Alex)
* [Gerard](People.php?Person=Gerard)
* [Karla](People.php?Person=Karla)
* [Anise](People.php?Person=Anise)
* [Shabard](People.php?Person=Shabard)
* [Sven](People.php?Person=Sven)
* [Fuster](People.php?Person=Fuster)
* [Anselm](People.php?Person=Anselm)
* [Galford](People.php?Person=Galford)
* [Cairn](People.php?Person=Cairn)
* [Esok](People.php?Person=Esok)
* [Eustace](People.php?Person=Eustace)
* [Aiden](People.php?Person=Aiden)
* [Veen](People.php?Person=Veen)
* [Lenne](People.php?Person=Lenne)
* [Aigle](People.php?Person=Aigle)
* [Raith](People.php?Person=Raith)
* [Walther](People.php?Person=Walther)
* [Elias](People.php?Person=Elias)
* [Nicolay](People.php?Person=Nicolay)
* [Bradley](People.php?Person=Bradley)
* [Sarthe](People.php?Person=Sarthe)
* [Randal](People.php?Person=Randal)
* [Melgan](People.php?Person=Melgan)
* [Francis](People.php?Person=Francis)
* [Seagal](People.php?Person=Seagal)
* [Andrew](People.php?Person=Andrew)
* [Kneulf](People.php?Person=Kneulf)
* [Arkin](People.php?Person=Arkin)
* [Keyla](People.php?Person=Keyla)
* [Gweyn](People.php?Person=Gweyn)
* [Geran](People.php?Person=Geran)
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| [CSS compliant](http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/)
(C) Copyright 2007, 2012, 2014 by [Andrew Que](http://www.DrQue.net/)
| http://gemfire.drque.net/ |
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<td valign=top><table border=0 bgcolor="#000000" cellspacing=0 cellpadding=0>
<tr><td><a href="/" >Up to MAIN SITE</a><br></td></tr>
<tr><td><font size=1> </font></td></tr>
<tr><td><a href="/jobs.html" >NW JOB LINKS</a></td></tr></table></td>
<td> </td>
<td bgcolor="#000000" ><b><font size=7> William J. Beaty</font>
<font size=5>
<a href="/me.html" >BIO</a></font>
</b>
</td>
</tr></table>
<tr valign=top><td ><font size=4>
<table width=100%><tr><td width=192>
<font size=2>
<img class="drag" width=192 height=144 hspace=10 alt="[apparently live webcam image]" border=0
align=left src="/graphics/wcamsm.gif" >
<br clear=all>
<center>Office webcam, UW campus</center>
</font>
</td>
<td>
<b>Age 5X?, divorced. <a href="/me.html" >UW Research engineer, exhibit designer, consultant</a>
<br>
Main sports: <a href="/weird/wtext.html" >crackpot physics</a>. Sitting and thinking.<br>
<a href="/instr/instr.html#self" >This one</a> is non-smoking, but it occasionally tries odd beers.<br>
Not very American. Grew up on <a href="http://www.heptune.com/madog.html" rel="nofollow" >Guam</a>. Still doesn't know the <br>
rules for football. And USA girls are <a
href="http://www.toilgirls.com/toilgirl" rel="nofollow" >too skinny!</a><br>
Daughter in art school. Day job = <a
href="http://www.washington.edu/news/2006/01/19/uws-original-mad-scientist-does-funny-things-with-microwave-ovens/" rel="nofollow" >U. of Washington</a><br>
<a href="/faq.html#how" >Reads</a> far too much, (how long before entire brain am FULL?!)<br>
Messy but knows EXACTLY where everything is.<br>
<a href="/ele-edu.html" >Trying to make the world</a>
a <a href="/sc/proj/kidproja.html" rel="nofollow" >better place</a>.
Who's the real fool?<br>
Makes <a href="/amateur/videos.html" >science videos</a>,
does <a href="/art/" >art</a>, runs a <a href="/wsci/" >salon</a>, attends
<a href="http://www.dorkbot.org/dorkbotsea/dorkbotmtg20.shtml" rel="nofollow" >dorkbots</a>.<br>
Enjoys <a href="http://www.pleaseeasaur.com" rel="nofollow" >twisted</a> childlike music:
<a href="http://www.bobs.com/" rel="nofollow" >Bobs</a>, <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrrCZNfvbDo" rel="nofollow" >TMBGiants</a>,
<a href="http://www.casualhacker.net/tom.lehrer/revisited.html" rel="nofollow" >Lehrer</a>, Yankovic.<br>
<a href="http://64.23.26.149/lyrics/songworm-parody/PirateJennysGranddaughter.html" rel="nofollow" >
Threepenny opera</a>, Vincent. The Ventures and Un Bel Di.<br>
Eats: mostly veg, Indian, Thai, Japanese, & <a href="http://www.google.com/search?q=natto&num=100&hl=en&safe=off&prmd=ivnse&source=lnms&tbm=isch" rel="nofollow" >
anything weird</a>.<br>
Hangs out on <a href="http://www.reddit.com/user/wbeaty" rel="nofollow" >Reddit</a>
, also on
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/wbeaty/feed" rel="nofollow" >Youtube</a> and
<a href="http://boards.straightdope.com/sdmb/search.php?do=finduser&u=2129" rel="nofollow" >The Straight Dope</a><br>
Hey ma, I'm a <a href="/me.html#tv" >Tee Vee star</a>!
Me brane 'urts from Python & Red Dwarf,<br>
David Lynch, <a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/browse/-/9682/" rel="nofollow" >Gahan Wilson</a>,
<a href="http://www.12move.de/home/crumb/weirdoind.htm" rel="nofollow" >Crumb</a>, Paul
Bartel, Bob, <a href="http://redesign.theonion.com/avclub/node/22837/" rel="nofollow" >John Waters</a>.<br>
Great fan of unusual <a href="/weird/unusual/unusual.html" >phenomena</a> & research, Castenada, Seth, utter<br>
self-honesty, <a
href="http://web.archive.org/web/*/128.174.194.59/cybercinema/bomb20.htm" rel="nofollow" >awareness</a>,
excessive <a href="/stuff.html" >introspection</a>, rapid spiritual growth.<br>
Talks to animals; cats, dogs, conures, budgies, amazons, rats, spiders.<br>
Movies: The Man Who Would Be King, Real Genius,
<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6cOE5IenoY" rel="nofollow" >Little Big Man</a>,
<br>
<a href="http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=young+frankenstein+outtakes" rel="nofollow" >Young Frankenstein</a>, Fight Club<br>
Heroes: the usual (
<a href="/tesla/tmistk.html" >Tesla</a>,
<a href="/feynman.html" >Feynman</a>, etc.) plus
<a href="https://thedissectedfrog.wordpress.com/2014/02/06/25-reasons-alfred-jarry-is-the-merdre/" rel="nofollow" >A. Jarry</a> and <a href="http://www.swalks.com/hab.html" rel="nofollow" >G. N. Pyke</a><br>
Member: <a href="http://www.improb.com/projects/hair/hair-club-top.html#self_nominated" rel="nofollow" >LFHCS</a>, <a href="http://www.aapt.org/" rel="nofollow" >AAPT</a>,
<a href="http://www.electrostatics.org/" rel="nofollow" >ESA</a>,
<a href="http://www.scientificexploration.org" rel="nofollow" >SSE</a><br>
Yes, I do give talks on <a href="http://uwnews.washington.edu/ni/apps/uwsb/uwsb_public_speaker_detail.asp?letter=B&Per_PersonID=829" rel="nofollow" >Electricity, k-6 misconceptions</a></b>
</font>
</td></tr></table>
<a name="phone" ></a>
<table width=100%><tr>
<td width=30%>
<b>William J. Beaty<br>
6632 Corson Ave S.<br>
Seattle, WA 98108<br>
206-762-3818<br>
<a href="/resume.html" >Resume'</a></b>
<a href="/me.html" >BIO</a></font>
MAP: <a href="http://tinyurl.com/uw-chem" rel="nofollow" >47.653421,-122.309246</a><br>
</td>
<td valign=top><br><hr>
<font size=5><i> People that are really very weird can get into sensitive
positions and have a tremendous impact on history.</i> - Dan Quayle</font>
<hr>
</td>
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<font size=2>
 
email: <a href="/amfrm" ><img border=0 width=141 height=19 src="/graphics/abcb.gif" ></a>
 
URL: <a href="/" >http://amasci.com</a>
 
MAP: <a href="http://tinyurl.com/uw-chem" rel="nofollow" >47.653421,-122.309246</a>
 
FTP: <a href="ftp://ftp.eskimo.com/u/b/billb" rel="nofollow" >ftp://ftp.eskimo.com/u/b/billb</a>
</font>
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<br>
<table width=800><tr valign=top>
<td width=20 summary="spacer" ></td>
<td>
<h2><a href="/unew.html" >All of the Good Stuff</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/~billb/cgi-bin/instr/instr.html" >Manually induced brain damage</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/faq.html" >Frequently Asked Questions</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/emotor/mestat.html" >What A Shocking Career</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/miscon/nitpik.html" >Me and Misconceptions</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/freenrg/wbelief1.html" >Why fringe science?</a></h2>
</td>
<td>
<h2><a href="/amateur/physerm1.html" >SERMON #49: math & honesty</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/weird/wseeing.html" >Science is perception.</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/amateur/answers1.html" >Answered science questions</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/weird/wclose.html" >Anti-skepticism articles</a></h2>
<h2><a href="/resume.html" >Resume'</a></h2>
</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan=3>
<hr width=70% size=5>
<center>
<blockquote><font size=5><b><i>
"Physics is like sex. Sure, it may give some practical results,<br> but
that's not why we do it."</b> - </i>Richard
<a href="/feynman.html" >Feynman</a></font>
</blockquote></center>
<hr width=70% size=5>
</td></tr>
</table>
<br><p>
<h2>FAQ:</h2>
<img class="drag" height=275 width=320 align=right vspace=10 alt="[Author Photo]" src="/billb1.jpg" >
<b>
<ul>
<li><a href="/faq.html#ans" >WHY DON'T YOU ANSWER MY EMAIL?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#1994" >THIS SITE LOOKS LIKE SOMETHING FROM 1994!</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#what" >WHAT IS YOUR COMPANY, WHAT ARE YOU SELLING?</a>
<li><a href="/freenrg/wbelief1.html" >WHY ARE YOU INVOLVED IN FRINGE SCIENCE?</a>
<li><a href="/amateur/physerm1.html" >BUT PHYSICS IS SUPPOSED TO BE COMPLEX!</a>
<li>
<li><a href="/faq.html#lk" >CAN I PUT YOUR LINK ON MY SITE?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#fair" >SEND ME SCIENCE FAIR IDEAS! NOW!</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#send" >PLEASE SEND ME ALL YOUR INFO ABOUT xxxxxx.</a>
<li><a href="/freenrg/fefaq.html" >WHAT IS THIS "FREE ENERGY" STUFF?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#how" >HOW DID YOU GET LIKE THIS?</a>
<li>
<li><a href="/faq.html#kewul" >WHERE ARE ALL THE KEWUL GRAPHICS?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#frames" >WHAT DO YOU HAVE AGAINST 'FRAMES'</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#hits" >HOW'D YOU GET SO MANY HITS?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#stuff" >HOW'D YOU MANAGE TO CREATE SO MUCH STUFF?</a>
<li><a href="/faq.html#lies" >WHERE DID YOU *<i>GET</i>* THIS JUNK?!</a>
</ul>
</b>
<hr width=50%><blockquote>
<font size=5><i>"The weirder you are going to behave, the more normal you
should look. . .When I see a kid with three or four rings
in his nose, I know there is absolutely nothing
extraordinary about that person. " </i>-- P.J. O'Rourke</font>
</blockquote>
<hr width=50%>
<br><p>
<br><p>
<br><p>
<img class="drag" align=right hspace=10 border=0 width=343 height=287
src="/graphics/item8d.jpg" >
<img class="drag" width=229 height=273 alt="[Making fingertip
corona, beams of creep-out]" align=right src="/graphics/billvgd2.jpg" >
<img class="drag" alt="[Me touching VDG machine, remaining hair standing
outwards]" align=right src="/emotor/bill3.jpg" >
<font size=4><b> LARGE SITE ICON</b></font><br>
<img class="drag" alt="[icon: earth w/ SCIENCE HOBBYIST title]"
src="/graphics/bigthumb.gif" >
<br><p>
<font size=4><b>SMALL SITE ICON</b></font><br>
<img class="drag" alt="[icon: earth w/ SCIENCE HOBBYIST title]"
src="/graphics/scithumb.gif" >
<br clear=all><p>
<br><p>
Photos positioned wrong? So drag 'em around. Try it!
<hr>
<a href="https://thedissectedfrog.wordpress.com/2014/02/06/25-reasons-alfred-jarry-is-the-merdre/" rel="nofollow" ><img
border=0 width=200 height=236 align=right alt="Merede!" src="/graphics/jarry2.jpg" ></a>
<table border align=right><tr><td>
<a href="http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slug=weirdscience13m&date=20030913" rel="nofollow" >
<img width=500 height=336 align=right src="/graphics/bilgarag.jpg" ></a>
</td></tr><tr><td>
<a href="http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slug=weirdscience13m&date=20030913" rel="nofollow" >9/13/2003 Article</a>
 <font size=1>(C)The Seattle Times, Mark Harrison</font>
</td></tr></table>
<h2>Technophobe</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.earthwalknorthwest.com/" rel="nofollow" >Earthwalk Northwest</a>, Issaquah, Primitive living skills
<li><a href="http://www.paleodiet.com/" rel="nofollow" >paleodiet</a>
<li><a href="http://www.primitive.org" rel="nofollow" >Society of Primitive Techology</a>
<li><a href="http://www.primitive.com" rel="nofollow" >primitiveways.com</a>
<li><a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/listmania/list-browse/-/3KIPVAP2JJ9G2/ref=cm_aya_av.lm_more/" rel="nofollow" >Inner Caveman</a> book list
<li><a href="http://www.trackerschool.com" rel="nofollow" >Tom Brown (Tracker)</a>
</ul>
<br><p>
<br><p>
<br clear=all><p>
<img class="drag" hspace=10 border=0 width=287 height=343 align=right
src="/graphics/glance.gif" >
<h2>HTML & WEBSITE STUFF</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.html.com" rel="nofollow" >HTML Tutorial</a>
<li><a href="http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex4/" rel="nofollow" >DDRIVE</a> moving sprites, javascript
<li><a href="http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/" rel="nofollow" >Webmonkey</a> (large tutorial site)
<li><a href="http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/reference/javascript_code_library/" rel="nofollow" >Webmonkey javascript archive</a>
<li><a href="http://wp.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/html_extensions.html" rel="nofollow" >Netscape's
HTML Extensions</a>
<li><a href="http://wp.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/tables.html" rel="nofollow" >Netscape's HTML
Tables</a>
<li><a href="http://www.fcs.uga.edu/cs/web_seminar/language/tags.html" rel="nofollow" >HTML Tags</a>
<li><a href="http://www.halcyon.com/gened/Icons/icons.html" rel="nofollow" >Icons for Web pages</a>
<li><a href="http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Software/Data_Formats/HTML/Guides_and_Tutorials/" rel="nofollow" >Yahoo, HTML help</a>
</ul>
<br clear=all>
<hr>
<blockquote>
It is amazing what you can accomplish if you do not care who
gets the
credit.
<br>--Harry Truman
</blockquote>
<hr>
<h2>TOYS!</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="/amateur/toys1.html" >My toys page</a>
<li><a href="http://www.goblertoys.com/pages/toys.html" rel="nofollow" >Gobler parody</a>
<li><a href="http://www.syntac.net/hoax/barbie.php" rel="nofollow" >BLO</a> Barbie Liberation Org.
<li><a href="http://www.poundart.com/art/portfolio.html" rel="nofollow" >
J. Pound</a> Garbage Pail Kids, Meanie Babies, etc.
<li><a href="http://www.houseoftoys.com/toys.htm" rel="nofollow" >House of Toys</a>
<li><a href="http://www.spookshows.com/toys/index.htm" rel="nofollow" >Toys of the '60s</a>
</ul>
<h2>Weird ebay sections</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://pages.ebay.com/catindex/catscience.html" rel="nofollow" >Sci. Instruments, medical</a>
<li><a href="http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&SortProperty=MetaLowestPriceSort&query=%22night+vision%22&ebaytag1=ebayreg&ht=1&combine=y&st=2" rel="nofollow" >Night Vision</a>
<li><a href="http://cq-search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=electrostatic+-wrist+-filter+-filters+-speaker+-speakers+-headphones+-bolt&
categoryid=&ht=1&maxRecordsPerPage=100&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&submit=Search&BasicSearch=" rel="nofollow" >Electrostatics</a>
<li><a href="http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=x-ray+tube&ht=1&st=2&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&BasicSearch=" rel="nofollow" >x-ray tubes</a>
<li><a href="http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&ht=1&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&query=radioactive+-man+-homer+-simpson+-simpsons" rel="nofollow" >Rocks: radioactive</a>
<li><a href="http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/category3239/index.html" rel="nofollow" >Rocks: meteor</a>
<li><a href="http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=%2B%22high+voltage%22+-vanguard&ht=1&st=2&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&BasicSearch=" rel="nofollow" >misc high voltage</a>
<li><a href="http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/all/category1466/index.html" rel="nofollow" >Weird</a>
<li><a href="http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/category1469/index.html" rel="nofollow" >Weird:Bizarre</a>
<li><a href="http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=quack+-flyer+-bottle&ht=1&ebaytag1=ebayreg&CATEGORY0=412&SortProperty=MetaEndSort" rel="nofollow" >Quack Medical Devices</a>
</ul>
<h2>BBW</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.lestoil.net/bbpg/" rel="nofollow" >Les Toil BBW art</a>
<li><a href="http://www.missdirtymartini.com/html/snaps.htm" rel="nofollow" >Miss
Dirty Martini</a>
<li><a href="http://www.retrocrush.com/babes/aaaababes/vintage/" rel="nofollow" >1890 'porn'</a>,
or <a href="http://www.retroraunch.com/" rel="nofollow" >more</a> <a href="http://www.ccfz.hu/plb/60tn/" rel="nofollow" >recent</a> types
<li><a href="http://pages.ivillage.com/hilda_art//hilda.html" rel="nofollow" >Hilda calender</a>
, and <a href="http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/3487/hilda.html" rel="nofollow" >another</a>
<li><a href="http://www.bbwnorthwest.com/" rel="nofollow" >BBWnorthwest</a>
<li><a href="http://groups.yahoo.com/group/bbwgothgirlsingles/" rel="nofollow" >BBW Goth forum</a>
<li><a href="http://www.singles-dating-sites-personals.com/totally_free_dating_sites.htm" rel="nofollow" >List, no-charges personals</a>
<li><a href="http://arts.journurl.com/users/debrahydeauthor/essays/tentaclesteam.htm" rel="nofollow" >Octopus
</a>
<a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/brookelynn23/sets/72157594255560457/" rel="nofollow" >steam</a>
, <a href="http://ghastly.keenspace.com/d/20010510.html" rel="nofollow" >Tentacle fun</a>,
and just plain <a href="http://www.12move.de/home/crumb/weirdoind.htm" rel="nofollow" >Weirdo</a>
</ul>
<a name="jobs" rel="nofollow" ></a>
<h2>Local Seattle stuff</h2>
<a name="seattle" rel="nofollow" ></a>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.houseofscience.com" rel="nofollow" >House of Science</a> (electronic surplus, ballard)
<li><a href="http://www.earthwalknorthwest.com/" rel="nofollow" >Earthwalk Northwest</a>, Issaquah, Primitive living skills
<li><a href="http://www.hokumhall.org" rel="nofollow" >Hokum Hall (vaudeville!)</a>
<li><a href="http://www.10best.com/Fremont_&_Ballard/Night_Life/Live_Music/" rel="nofollow" >Ballard: live music</a>
, and <a href="http://www.nwsource.com/music/guides/ballard_pubs.html" rel="nofollow" >pubs</a>
<li><a href="http://www.thestranger.com/current/movie_times.html" rel="nofollow" >The Stranger: movie times</a>
<li><a href="http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/" rel="nofollow" >Ferry Schedules</a>
<li><a href="http://acg.media.mit.edu/people/fry/zipdecode/" rel="nofollow" >Zip code map tool</a>
<li><a href="http://www.subcin.com/" rel="nofollow" >Subterranean Cinema</a>
<li><a href="http://www.pleaseeasaur.com/" rel="nofollow" >Pleaseeasaur</a> twisted performance
<li><a href="/jobs.html" >Jobs Page</a>
<li><a href="/wsci" >Seattle "Weird Science" Salon</a> monthly meetings
<li><a href="http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&group=seattle" rel="nofollow" >NEWSGROUPS: Seattle.*</a>
<li><a href="http://www.trashkids.com" rel="nofollow" >Confounded Books</a>
<li><a href="http://www.zanaducomics.com" rel="nofollow" >Zanadu Comics</a>
<li>LOCAL GOVT
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.komonews.com/news/content/scanner" rel="nofollow" >Realtime Police/Fire Scanner</a>
<li><a href="https://wws2.wa.gov/dol/vehtabs/" rel="nofollow" >License renewal</a>
<li><a href="http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/cars/Emiscklocations.htm" rel="nofollow" >Emission Test locations</a>
<li><a href="http://www.cityofseattle.net/courts/ticket/ticketinformation.htm" rel="nofollow" >Pay a parking ticket</a>
<li><a href="http://www.cityofseattle.net/police/" rel="nofollow" >Police</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="https://shop.tracfone.com/shop/en/tracfonestore/phones" rel="nofollow" >Trac clam phones</a>
<li><a href="http://www.krogerwireless.com" rel="nofollow" >Fred Meyer clam phones</a>
<li><a href="http://www.outdoorcinema.com/pages/seattle.html" rel="nofollow" >Fremont outdoor cinema</a>
<li><a href="http://www.el-dim.com" rel="nofollow" >Electronic Dimensions</a> (surplus, Tacoma)
<li><a href="http://seattle.citysearch.com/section/movies" rel="nofollow" >Seattle Movies</a>
<li><a href="http://www.sfnorthwest.org/" rel="nofollow" >SF Northwest</a>
<li><a href="http://www.miscmedia.com/ComicsScene.html" rel="nofollow" >Seattle Comics History</a> at <a href="http://www.miscmedia.com" rel="nofollow" >MiscMedia</a>
<li>Personals<ul>
<li><a href="http://seattle.craigslist.org/w4m/" rel="nofollow" >Craigslist Seattle</a>
<li><a href="http://www.thestranger.com/personals/" rel="nofollow" >Stranger Personals</a>
<li><a href="http://www.seattlepersonals.com" rel="nofollow" >Seattle Personals</a>
<li><a href="http://www.kiss.com" rel="nofollow" >Kiss</a>
<li><a href="http://www.seattle-singles.com/" rel="nofollow" >Sea. Singles</a>
<li><a href="http://www.match.com" rel="nofollow" >match.com</a>
<li><a href="http://www.matchdoctor.com" rel="nofollow" >Matchdoctor</a> (free!)
</ul>
<li><a href="http://www.psms.org" rel="nofollow" >PS Mycological Society</a>
<li><a href="http://home1.gte.net/durandj/cohotech/" rel="nofollow" >COHO School</a>
<li><a href="http://speakeasy.org" rel="nofollow" >Speakeasy Cafe in Belltown (has a T1!)</a>
<li><a href="http://www.eskimo.com/test/seattle2.html" rel="nofollow" >Eskimo Seattle WWW sites</a>
<li><a href="http://www.seattle.net/seattle/" rel="nofollow" >Seanet Seattle page</a>
<li><a href="http://www.pan.ci.seattle.wa.us/" rel="nofollow" >City of Seattle</a>
<li><a href="http://tripplanner.kingcounty.gov/cgi-bin/itin_page.pl?resptype=U" rel="nofollow" >Metro Riderlink Bus Sched.</a>
<li><a href="http://busview.its.washington.edu/busview_launch.jsp" rel="nofollow" >JAVA Bus Viewer</a>
<li><a href="http://www.wsdot.com/traffic/seattle/default.aspx" rel="nofollow" > Washington DOT Traffic Map</a>
<li><a href="http://www.eskimo.com/test/seattle2.html" rel="nofollow" >Index of Seattle WWW pages</a>
<li><a href="http://www.geophys.washington.edu/recenteqs/latest.htm" rel="nofollow" >Pacific NW Earthquake monitor net</a>
and <a href="http://www.pnsn.org/WEBICORDER/webimaps.html" rel="nofollow" >Schoolnet stripcharts</a>
<li><a href="http://www.cyberspace.com/bobk/inetorgs.html#commercial" rel="nofollow" >Web pages of Seattle internet providers</a>
<li><a href="http://info.product.com/wren/" rel="nofollow" >WA Real Estate Network</a>
<h3>Libraries</h3>
<li><a href="http://www.spl.lib.wa.us" rel="nofollow" >Seattle Public Library</a>
<li><a href="http://www.kcls.org/" rel="nofollow" >King Co. Library</a>
<li><a href="http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=about_leaders_friends_booksales" rel="nofollow" >BOOK SALE: Friends of SPL</a>
<li><a href="http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=about_leaders_friends" rel="nofollow" >Friends of Seattle Pub Lib</a>
<LI>TELNET: <a href="telnet://spl.lib.wa.us" rel="nofollow" >Seattle public library</a> login:library
<LI>TELNET: <a href="telnet://198.104.1.63" rel="nofollow" >King County Library</a> login:kcls
<LI>TELNET: <a href="telnet://140.142.41.2/" rel="nofollow" >University of Washington Information Navigator (UWIN)</a>
<LI>TELNET: <a href="telnet://eskimo.com" rel="nofollow" >ESKIMO.COM,</a> (not a library!)
<li><a href="mailto:[email protected]" rel="nofollow" >vortex-l</a>
<li><a href="http://ipl.sils.umich.edu/index.text.html" rel="nofollow" >Internet Public Library</a>
</ul>
<h2>WWW Index Sites</h2>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.google.com" rel="nofollow" >Google</a></b> (they keep copies of webpages!)</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.archive.org/" rel="nofollow" >Wayback Machine</a></b> (old sites archived)</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.scirus.com/" rel="nofollow" >SCIRUS science websearch</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://dmoz.org/" rel="nofollow" >DMOZILLA</a>OPEN DIRECTORY PROJ</b> like Yahoo, run by volunteers, no ads!</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://searchpdf.adobe.com" rel="nofollow" >PDF-only Search (Adobe)</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.directhit.com/" rel="nofollow" >DirectHit</a></b> (fast)</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.alltheweb.com/" rel="nofollow" >AllTheWeb</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.askjeeves.com" rel="nofollow" >ASK JEEVES</a></b>, ask questions using English</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.bestoftheweb.com" rel="nofollow" >BestOfTheWeb</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.WhereTheHell.com" rel="nofollow" >WhereTheHell</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.northernlight.com" rel="nofollow" >NORTHERN LIGHT</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.dogpile.com" rel="nofollow" >DOGPILE</a></b>, like
metacrawler (searches other engines)</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.altavista.com/cgi-bin/query?text" rel="nofollow" >ALTAVISTA</a></b>,
good for excluding particular phrases & sites</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.metacrawler.com" rel="nofollow" >METACRAWLER</a></b>, uses
Altavista, Lycos, Yahoo, etc. to search</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.hotbot.com" rel="nofollow" >HOTBOT</a></b>, newer one</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.lycos.com" rel="nofollow" >LYCOS</a></b>, older one</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.excite.com" rel="nofollow" >EXCITE</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.webcrawler.com" rel="nofollow" >WEBCRAWLER</a></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.goto.com" rel="nofollow" >GOTO</a></b>, simple one</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.w3.org/hypertext/DataSources/bySubject/Overview.html" rel="nofollow" >W3 VIRTUAL LIBRARY</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://altavista.looksmart.com" rel="nofollow" >ALTAVISTA LOOKSMART</a></b>, like Yahoo</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.eblast.com" rel="nofollow" >EBLAST</a></b>, (Britannica) (fairly slow to load)</ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://home.microsoft.com/access/allinone.asp" rel="nofollow" >MICROSOFT</a></b></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://dir.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Internet/World_Wide_Web/Searching_the_Web/Search_Engines/" rel="nofollow" >MORE...</a></ul>
<ul><li><b><a href="http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/net2.htm" rel="nofollow" >MORE...</a>(Uncle Al's)</ul>
<h2>Patent Search</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://patent.womplex.ibm.com" rel="nofollow" >IBM patent server</a>
<LI><a href="http://patents.cnidr.org:4242" rel="nofollow" >US Patent/Trademark Office</a> searcher (Very new! 11/95)
<LI><a href="http://www.micropat.com" rel="nofollow" >Micropat</a>, order patents thru internet
<LI><a href="http://www.yahoo.com/text/Government/Law/Intellectual_Property/" rel="nofollow" >YAHOO: Patents</a>
</ul>
<h2>Newsgroups</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.dejanews.com/" rel="nofollow" >Newsgroup searcher!</a>
<li><a href="ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/news.lists/" rel="nofollow" >Newsgroups readership stats</a>
<li><A HREF="http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/NetRsc/usenet.html" rel="nofollow" >Usenet Newsgroups: Resources</A>
<li><A HREF="http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/index.html" rel="nofollow" >List of Newsgroup FAQs</A>
<li><a href="/newsrc" >My Newsgroups'</a> newsrc
</ul>
<h2>Useful Info</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.rexresearch.com/articles/kahne.htm" rel="nofollow" >Multiple Mentality training</a>
<li><a href="http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex4/" rel="nofollow" >DDRIVE</a>, learn javascript
<li><a href="http://www.netsol.com/directory" rel="nofollow" >Domain Name Index</a>
<li><a href="http://justlinux.com/Applications_and_utilities/" rel="nofollow" >justlinux.com</a>: applications
<li><a href="http://www.pix.com" rel="nofollow" >PIX.COM</a> website T-shirts, mugs
<li><a href="/spam.html" >Antispam Stuff</a>
<li><a href="http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/relaunch" rel="nofollow" >Webmonkey</a> web design tutorials
<li><a href="http://www-personal.engin.umich.edu/~nori/boom/RMP.html" rel="nofollow" >Booming Sand</a>
<li><a href="http://www.eskimo.com/~parents/filter/" rel="nofollow" >Spam filters</a>
<li><a href="http://psg.com/~ted/spider/index.html" rel="nofollow" >Spider Robinson</a>
<li><a href="http://spam.abuse.net/spam/" rel="nofollow" >Anti-spam resources</a> unsolicited email
<li>EMAIL HOAXES:
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.purportal.com/" rel="nofollow" >Purportal hoax/UL searcher</a>
<li><a href="http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/hoax.html" rel="nofollow" >Norton antivirus: virus hoaxes</a>
<li><a href="http://hoaxbusters.ciac.org/" rel="nofollow" >LANL/CIAC virus archive: the hoaxes</a>
<li><a href="http://www.snopes.com/inboxer/inboxer.htm" rel="nofollow" >Urban Legends: email as a virus</a>
<li><a href="http://vmyths.com/hoax.cfm" rel="nofollow" >Virus myths: hoax warnings</a>
<li><a href="http://www.datafellows.com/virus-info/hoax/" rel="nofollow" >Datafellows hoax warnings</a>
<li><a href="http://www.korova.com/virus/" rel="nofollow" >Thought-virus email</a>
<li><a href="http://www.stiller.com/hoaxes.htm" rel="nofollow" >Hoax news</a>
</ul>
<li><a href="http://www.hist.unt.edu/09w-ar7l.htm" rel="nofollow" >More Castenada</a>
<li><a href="http://www.volny.cz/castaneda/en/interviews/30.html" rel="nofollow" >Castaneda, shaman or sham?</a>
<li><a href="http://www.benweb.com/wave" rel="nofollow" >Castaneda WWWboard</a>
<li><a href="http://www.webb.com/Castaneda/index.html" rel="nofollow" >Casteneda site</a>
<li><a href="/amateur/coolsci.html" >Cool Science Sites</a>
<li><a href="/supliers.html" >SURPLUS</a> mail-order supply catalogs for sci/electronics hobbyists.
<li><a href="http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/sed/staff/Gould/MicroObservatory/" rel="nofollow" >Roy Gould's page</a> at Harvard CFA's
<a href="http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/sed/" rel="nofollow" >SED</a> Dept.
<li><a href="http://mo-www.harvard.edu/MicroObservatory" rel="nofollow" >Telescope</a>
<LI><A HREF="http://c.gp.cs.cmu.edu:5103/prog/webster" rel="nofollow" >Webster's Dictionary</A>
<li><a href="ftp://ftp.uoknor.edu/mirrors/SimTel/" rel="nofollow" >SimTel Shareware Archive</a>
<li><a href="http://vsl.cnet.com" rel="nofollow" >Shareware searcher,</a> c|net's VSL
<LI><A HREF="http://www.NeoSoft.com/internet/paml" rel="nofollow" >Publicly Accessible Internet Mailing Lists</A>
<li><a href="http://java.sun.com/" rel="nofollow" >Hot Java Homepage</a>
<li><A HREF="http://www.digicash.com/ecash/ecash-home.html" rel="nofollow" >How to charge for your Internet services!!</a>
<li><a href="http://melmac.corp.harris.com/local_stuff.html" rel="nofollow" >Add advanced web page features to your server!</a>
<li><a href="http://www.wired.com/" rel="nofollow" >HOTWIRED</a> (Recommended)
<li><a href="http://home.netscape.com/comprod/products/navigator/version_2.0/frames/index.html" rel="nofollow" >NETSCAPE FRAMES</a>
<li>Interactive internet <a href="http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Internet/Entertainment/Interesting_Devices_Connected_to_the_Net/" rel="nofollow" >MACHINES</a>, live cameras, etc.
<li><a href="http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/ppp/home.html" rel="nofollow" >Politics!</a>
</ul>
<h2>New WWW pages worth checking out</h2>
<ul>
<li><a href="http://www.yahoo.com/Entertainment/Humor__Jokes__and_Fun/Practical_Jokes/" rel="nofollow" >Yahoo: Practical Jokes</a>
<li><a href="http://www.thesphere.com/SAS/" rel="nofollow" >Society for Amateur Science</a>
<li><a href="http://www.geekgirl.com.au" rel="nofollow" >GEEKGIRL</a> zine
<li><a href="http://arborsci.com" rel="nofollow" >Arbor Scientific</a>'s catalog of cool science demos, toys, etc.
<li><a href="http://www.eskimo.com/~ghawk" rel="nofollow" >Gary Hawkins'</a> web page
<li><a href="ftp://ftp.uml.edu/msdos/games/apogee" rel="nofollow" >UML ftp</a> shareware PC games </ul>
<hr>
</td></tr></table></center>
<pre>
</pre>
<center>
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<a href="/billb.html" >
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<img alt="[email addr is billb * eskimodot sea oh emm]"
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|
William J. Beaty
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
|
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|
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| [Up to MAIN SITE](/) |
| |
| [NW JOB LINKS](/jobs.html) |
| | **William J. Beaty
[BIO](/me.html)** |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
|
[apparently live webcam image]
Office webcam, UW campus
| **Age 5X?, divorced. [UW Research engineer, exhibit designer, consultant](/me.html)
Main sports: [crackpot physics](/weird/wtext.html). Sitting and thinking.
[This one](/instr/instr.html#self) is non-smoking, but it occasionally tries odd beers.
Not very American. Grew up on [Guam](http://www.heptune.com/madog.html). Still doesn't know the
rules for football. And USA girls are [too skinny!](http://www.toilgirls.com/toilgirl)
Daughter in art school. Day job = [U. of Washington](http://www.washington.edu/news/2006/01/19/uws-original-mad-scientist-does-funny-things-with-microwave-ovens/)
[Reads](/faq.html#how) far too much, (how long before entire brain am FULL?!)
Messy but knows EXACTLY where everything is.
[Trying to make the world](/ele-edu.html)
a [better place](/sc/proj/kidproja.html).
Who's the real fool?
Makes [science videos](/amateur/videos.html),
does [art](/art/), runs a [salon](/wsci/), attends
[dorkbots](http://www.dorkbot.org/dorkbotsea/dorkbotmtg20.shtml).
Enjoys [twisted](http://www.pleaseeasaur.com) childlike music:
[Bobs](http://www.bobs.com/), [TMBGiants](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mrrCZNfvbDo),
[Lehrer](http://www.casualhacker.net/tom.lehrer/revisited.html), Yankovic.
[Threepenny opera](http://64.23.26.149/lyrics/songworm-parody/PirateJennysGranddaughter.html), Vincent. The Ventures and Un Bel Di.
Eats: mostly veg, Indian, Thai, Japanese, & [anything weird](http://www.google.com/search?q=natto&num=100&hl=en&safe=off&prmd=ivnse&source=lnms&tbm=isch).
Hangs out on [Reddit](http://www.reddit.com/user/wbeaty)
, also on
[Youtube](http://www.youtube.com/user/wbeaty/feed) and
[The Straight Dope](http://boards.straightdope.com/sdmb/search.php?do=finduser&u=2129)
Hey ma, I'm a [Tee Vee star](/me.html#tv)!
Me brane 'urts from Python & Red Dwarf,
David Lynch, [Gahan Wilson](http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/browse/-/9682/),
[Crumb](http://www.12move.de/home/crumb/weirdoind.htm), Paul
Bartel, Bob, [John Waters](http://redesign.theonion.com/avclub/node/22837/).
Great fan of unusual [phenomena](/weird/unusual/unusual.html) & research, Castenada, Seth, utter
self-honesty, [awareness](http://web.archive.org/web/*/128.174.194.59/cybercinema/bomb20.htm),
excessive [introspection](/stuff.html), rapid spiritual growth.
Talks to animals; cats, dogs, conures, budgies, amazons, rats, spiders.
Movies: The Man Who Would Be King, Real Genius,
[Little Big Man](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z6cOE5IenoY),
[Young Frankenstein](http://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=young+frankenstein+outtakes), Fight Club
Heroes: the usual (
[Tesla](/tesla/tmistk.html),
[Feynman](/feynman.html), etc.) plus
[A. Jarry](https://thedissectedfrog.wordpress.com/2014/02/06/25-reasons-alfred-jarry-is-the-merdre/) and [G. N. Pyke](http://www.swalks.com/hab.html)
Member: [LFHCS](http://www.improb.com/projects/hair/hair-club-top.html#self_nominated), [AAPT](http://www.aapt.org/),
[ESA](http://www.electrostatics.org/),
[SSE](http://www.scientificexploration.org)
Yes, I do give talks on [Electricity, k-6 misconceptions](http://uwnews.washington.edu/ni/apps/uwsb/uwsb_public_speaker_detail.asp?letter=B&Per_PersonID=829)** |
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| **William J. Beaty
6632 Corson Ave S.
Seattle, WA 98108
206-762-3818
[Resume'](/resume.html)**
[BIO](/me.html)
MAP: [47.653421,-122.309246](http://tinyurl.com/uw-chem) |
---
*People that are really very weird can get into sensitive
positions and have a tremendous impact on history.* - Dan Quayle
---
|
email:
URL: [http://amasci.com](/)
MAP: [47.653421,-122.309246](http://tinyurl.com/uw-chem)
FTP: <ftp://ftp.eskimo.com/u/b/billb>
|
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| | [All of the Good Stuff](/unew.html)
[Manually induced brain damage](/~billb/cgi-bin/instr/instr.html)
[Frequently Asked Questions](/faq.html)
[What A Shocking Career](/emotor/mestat.html)
[Me and Misconceptions](/miscon/nitpik.html)
[Why fringe science?](/freenrg/wbelief1.html) | [SERMON #49: math & honesty](/amateur/physerm1.html)
[Science is perception.](/weird/wseeing.html)
[Answered science questions](/amateur/answers1.html)
[Anti-skepticism articles](/weird/wclose.html)
[Resume'](/resume.html) |
|
---
***"Physics is like sex. Sure, it may give some practical results, but
that's not why we do it."*** - Richard
[Feynman](/feynman.html)
---
|
## FAQ:
![[Author Photo]](/billb1.jpg)
*** [WHY DON'T YOU ANSWER MY EMAIL?](/faq.html#ans)* [THIS SITE LOOKS LIKE SOMETHING FROM 1994!](/faq.html#1994)* [WHAT IS YOUR COMPANY, WHAT ARE YOU SELLING?](/faq.html#what)* [WHY ARE YOU INVOLVED IN FRINGE SCIENCE?](/freenrg/wbelief1.html)* [BUT PHYSICS IS SUPPOSED TO BE COMPLEX!](/amateur/physerm1.html)* * [CAN I PUT YOUR LINK ON MY SITE?](/faq.html#lk)* [SEND ME SCIENCE FAIR IDEAS! NOW!](/faq.html#fair)* [PLEASE SEND ME ALL YOUR INFO ABOUT xxxxxx.](/faq.html#send)* [WHAT IS THIS "FREE ENERGY" STUFF?](/freenrg/fefaq.html)* [HOW DID YOU GET LIKE THIS?](/faq.html#how)* * [WHERE ARE ALL THE KEWUL GRAPHICS?](/faq.html#kewul)* [WHAT DO YOU HAVE AGAINST 'FRAMES'](/faq.html#frames)* [HOW'D YOU GET SO MANY HITS?](/faq.html#hits)* [HOW'D YOU MANAGE TO CREATE SO MUCH STUFF?](/faq.html#stuff)* [WHERE DID YOU \**GET*\* THIS JUNK?!](/faq.html#lies)**
---
>
> *"The weirder you are going to behave, the more normal you
> should look. . .When I see a kid with three or four rings
> in his nose, I know there is absolutely nothing
> extraordinary about that person. "* -- P.J. O'Rourke
>
---
![[Making fingertip
corona, beams of creep-out]](/graphics/billvgd2.jpg)
![[Me touching VDG machine, remaining hair standing
outwards]](/emotor/bill3.jpg)
**LARGE SITE ICON**
![[icon: earth w/ SCIENCE HOBBYIST title]](/graphics/bigthumb.gif)
**SMALL SITE ICON**
![[icon: earth w/ SCIENCE HOBBYIST title]](/graphics/scithumb.gif)
Photos positioned wrong? So drag 'em around. Try it!
---
[](https://thedissectedfrog.wordpress.com/2014/02/06/25-reasons-alfred-jarry-is-the-merdre/)
| |
| --- |
| |
| [9/13/2003 Article](http://archives.seattletimes.nwsource.com/cgi-bin/texis.cgi/web/vortex/display?slug=weirdscience13m&date=20030913)
(C)The Seattle Times, Mark Harrison |
## Technophobe
* [Earthwalk Northwest](http://www.earthwalknorthwest.com/), Issaquah, Primitive living skills
* [paleodiet](http://www.paleodiet.com/)* [Society of Primitive Techology](http://www.primitive.org)* [primitiveways.com](http://www.primitive.com)* [Inner Caveman](http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/tg/listmania/list-browse/-/3KIPVAP2JJ9G2/ref=cm_aya_av.lm_more/) book list
* [Tom Brown (Tracker)](http://www.trackerschool.com)
## HTML & WEBSITE STUFF
* [HTML Tutorial](http://www.html.com)* [DDRIVE](http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex4/) moving sprites, javascript
* [Webmonkey](http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/) (large tutorial site)
* [Webmonkey javascript archive](http://hotwired.lycos.com/webmonkey/reference/javascript_code_library/)* [Netscape's
HTML Extensions](http://wp.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/html_extensions.html)* [Netscape's HTML
Tables](http://wp.netscape.com/assist/net_sites/tables.html)* [HTML Tags](http://www.fcs.uga.edu/cs/web_seminar/language/tags.html)* [Icons for Web pages](http://www.halcyon.com/gened/Icons/icons.html)* [Yahoo, HTML help](http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Software/Data_Formats/HTML/Guides_and_Tutorials/)
---
>
> It is amazing what you can accomplish if you do not care who
> gets the
> credit.
>
> --Harry Truman
>
---
## TOYS!
* [My toys page](/amateur/toys1.html)* [Gobler parody](http://www.goblertoys.com/pages/toys.html)* [BLO](http://www.syntac.net/hoax/barbie.php) Barbie Liberation Org.
* [J. Pound](http://www.poundart.com/art/portfolio.html) Garbage Pail Kids, Meanie Babies, etc.
* [House of Toys](http://www.houseoftoys.com/toys.htm)* [Toys of the '60s](http://www.spookshows.com/toys/index.htm)
## Weird ebay sections
* [Sci. Instruments, medical](http://pages.ebay.com/catindex/catscience.html)* [Night Vision](http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&SortProperty=MetaLowestPriceSort&query=%22night+vision%22&ebaytag1=ebayreg&ht=1&combine=y&st=2)* [Electrostatics](http://cq-search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=electrostatic+-wrist+-filter+-filters+-speaker+-speakers+-headphones+-bolt&
categoryid=&ht=1&maxRecordsPerPage=100&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&submit=Search&BasicSearch=)* [x-ray tubes](http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=x-ray+tube&ht=1&st=2&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&BasicSearch=)* [Rocks: radioactive](http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&ht=1&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&query=radioactive+-man+-homer+-simpson+-simpsons)* [Rocks: meteor](http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/category3239/index.html)* [misc high voltage](http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=%2B%22high+voltage%22+-vanguard&ht=1&st=2&SortProperty=MetaEndSort&BasicSearch=)* [Weird](http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/all/category1466/index.html)* [Weird:Bizarre](http://listings.ebay.com/aw/plistings/list/category1469/index.html)* [Quack Medical Devices](http://search.ebay.com/search/search.dll?MfcISAPICommand=GetResult&query=quack+-flyer+-bottle&ht=1&ebaytag1=ebayreg&CATEGORY0=412&SortProperty=MetaEndSort)
## BBW
* [Les Toil BBW art](http://www.lestoil.net/bbpg/)* [Miss
Dirty Martini](http://www.missdirtymartini.com/html/snaps.htm)* [1890 'porn'](http://www.retrocrush.com/babes/aaaababes/vintage/),
or [more](http://www.retroraunch.com/) [recent](http://www.ccfz.hu/plb/60tn/) types
* [Hilda calender](http://pages.ivillage.com/hilda_art//hilda.html)
, and [another](http://www.geocities.com/Heartland/Valley/3487/hilda.html)* [BBWnorthwest](http://www.bbwnorthwest.com/)* [BBW Goth forum](http://groups.yahoo.com/group/bbwgothgirlsingles/)* [List, no-charges personals](http://www.singles-dating-sites-personals.com/totally_free_dating_sites.htm)* [Octopus](http://arts.journurl.com/users/debrahydeauthor/essays/tentaclesteam.htm)
[steam](http://www.flickr.com/photos/brookelynn23/sets/72157594255560457/)
, [Tentacle fun](http://ghastly.keenspace.com/d/20010510.html),
and just plain [Weirdo](http://www.12move.de/home/crumb/weirdoind.htm)
## Local Seattle stuff
* [House of Science](http://www.houseofscience.com) (electronic surplus, ballard)
* [Earthwalk Northwest](http://www.earthwalknorthwest.com/), Issaquah, Primitive living skills
* [Hokum Hall (vaudeville!)](http://www.hokumhall.org)* [Ballard: live music](http://www.10best.com/Fremont_&_Ballard/Night_Life/Live_Music/)
, and [pubs](http://www.nwsource.com/music/guides/ballard_pubs.html)* [The Stranger: movie times](http://www.thestranger.com/current/movie_times.html)* [Ferry Schedules](http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/ferries/)* [Zip code map tool](http://acg.media.mit.edu/people/fry/zipdecode/)* [Subterranean Cinema](http://www.subcin.com/)* [Pleaseeasaur](http://www.pleaseeasaur.com/) twisted performance
* [Jobs Page](/jobs.html)* [Seattle "Weird Science" Salon](/wsci) monthly meetings
* [NEWSGROUPS: Seattle.\*](http://groups.google.com/groups?hl=en&lr=&ie=UTF-8&group=seattle)* [Confounded Books](http://www.trashkids.com)* [Zanadu Comics](http://www.zanaducomics.com)* LOCAL GOVT
+ [Realtime Police/Fire Scanner](http://www.komonews.com/news/content/scanner)+ [License renewal](https://wws2.wa.gov/dol/vehtabs/)+ [Emission Test locations](http://www.ecy.wa.gov/programs/air/cars/Emiscklocations.htm)+ [Pay a parking ticket](http://www.cityofseattle.net/courts/ticket/ticketinformation.htm)+ [Police](http://www.cityofseattle.net/police/)* [Trac clam phones](https://shop.tracfone.com/shop/en/tracfonestore/phones)* [Fred Meyer clam phones](http://www.krogerwireless.com)* [Fremont outdoor cinema](http://www.outdoorcinema.com/pages/seattle.html)* [Electronic Dimensions](http://www.el-dim.com) (surplus, Tacoma)
* [Seattle Movies](http://seattle.citysearch.com/section/movies)* [SF Northwest](http://www.sfnorthwest.org/)* [Seattle Comics History](http://www.miscmedia.com/ComicsScene.html) at [MiscMedia](http://www.miscmedia.com)* Personals
+ [Craigslist Seattle](http://seattle.craigslist.org/w4m/)+ [Stranger Personals](http://www.thestranger.com/personals/)+ [Seattle Personals](http://www.seattlepersonals.com)+ [Kiss](http://www.kiss.com)+ [Sea. Singles](http://www.seattle-singles.com/)+ [match.com](http://www.match.com)+ [Matchdoctor](http://www.matchdoctor.com) (free!)* [PS Mycological Society](http://www.psms.org)* [COHO School](http://home1.gte.net/durandj/cohotech/)* [Speakeasy Cafe in Belltown (has a T1!)](http://speakeasy.org)* [Eskimo Seattle WWW sites](http://www.eskimo.com/test/seattle2.html)* [Seanet Seattle page](http://www.seattle.net/seattle/)* [City of Seattle](http://www.pan.ci.seattle.wa.us/)* [Metro Riderlink Bus Sched.](http://tripplanner.kingcounty.gov/cgi-bin/itin_page.pl?resptype=U)* [JAVA Bus Viewer](http://busview.its.washington.edu/busview_launch.jsp)* [Washington DOT Traffic Map](http://www.wsdot.com/traffic/seattle/default.aspx)* [Index of Seattle WWW pages](http://www.eskimo.com/test/seattle2.html)* [Pacific NW Earthquake monitor net](http://www.geophys.washington.edu/recenteqs/latest.htm)
and [Schoolnet stripcharts](http://www.pnsn.org/WEBICORDER/webimaps.html)* [Web pages of Seattle internet providers](http://www.cyberspace.com/bobk/inetorgs.html#commercial)* [WA Real Estate Network](http://info.product.com/wren/)
### Libraries
* [Seattle Public Library](http://www.spl.lib.wa.us)* [King Co. Library](http://www.kcls.org/)* [BOOK SALE: Friends of SPL](http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=about_leaders_friends_booksales)* [Friends of Seattle Pub Lib](http://www.spl.org/default.asp?pageID=about_leaders_friends)* TELNET: [Seattle public library](telnet://spl.lib.wa.us) login:library
* TELNET: [King County Library](telnet://198.104.1.63) login:kcls
* TELNET: [University of Washington Information Navigator (UWIN)](telnet://140.142.41.2/)* TELNET: [ESKIMO.COM,](telnet://eskimo.com) (not a library!)
* [vortex-l](mailto:[email protected])* [Internet Public Library](http://ipl.sils.umich.edu/index.text.html)
## WWW Index Sites
* **[Google](http://www.google.com)** (they keep copies of webpages!)
* **[Wayback Machine](http://www.archive.org/)** (old sites archived)
* **[SCIRUS science websearch](http://www.scirus.com/)**
* **[DMOZILLA](http://dmoz.org/)OPEN DIRECTORY PROJ** like Yahoo, run by volunteers, no ads!
* **[PDF-only Search (Adobe)](http://searchpdf.adobe.com)**
* **[DirectHit](http://www.directhit.com/)** (fast)
* **[AllTheWeb](http://www.alltheweb.com/)**
* **[ASK JEEVES](http://www.askjeeves.com)**, ask questions using English
* **[BestOfTheWeb](http://www.bestoftheweb.com)**
* **[WhereTheHell](http://www.WhereTheHell.com)**
* **[NORTHERN LIGHT](http://www.northernlight.com)**
* **[DOGPILE](http://www.dogpile.com)**, like
metacrawler (searches other engines)
* **[ALTAVISTA](http://www.altavista.com/cgi-bin/query?text)**,
good for excluding particular phrases & sites
* **[METACRAWLER](http://www.metacrawler.com)**, uses
Altavista, Lycos, Yahoo, etc. to search
* **[HOTBOT](http://www.hotbot.com)**, newer one
* **[LYCOS](http://www.lycos.com)**, older one
* **[EXCITE](http://www.excite.com)**
* **[WEBCRAWLER](http://www.webcrawler.com)**
* **[GOTO](http://www.goto.com)**, simple one
* **[W3 VIRTUAL LIBRARY](http://www.w3.org/hypertext/DataSources/bySubject/Overview.html)**
* **[ALTAVISTA LOOKSMART](http://altavista.looksmart.com)**, like Yahoo
* **[EBLAST](http://www.eblast.com)**, (Britannica) (fairly slow to load)
* **[MICROSOFT](http://home.microsoft.com/access/allinone.asp)**
* **[MORE...](http://dir.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Internet/World_Wide_Web/Searching_the_Web/Search_Engines/)**
* **[MORE...](http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/net2.htm)(Uncle Al's)**
## Patent Search
* [IBM patent server](http://patent.womplex.ibm.com)* [US Patent/Trademark Office](http://patents.cnidr.org:4242) searcher (Very new! 11/95)
* [Micropat](http://www.micropat.com), order patents thru internet
* [YAHOO: Patents](http://www.yahoo.com/text/Government/Law/Intellectual_Property/)
## Newsgroups
* [Newsgroup searcher!](http://www.dejanews.com/)* [Newsgroups readership stats](ftp://ftp.uu.net/usenet/news.lists/)* [Usenet Newsgroups: Resources](http://scwww.ucs.indiana.edu/NetRsc/usenet.html)* [List of Newsgroup FAQs](http://www.cis.ohio-state.edu/hypertext/faq/usenet/index.html)* [My Newsgroups'](/newsrc) newsrc
## Useful Info
* [Multiple Mentality training](http://www.rexresearch.com/articles/kahne.htm)* [DDRIVE](http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex4/), learn javascript
* [Domain Name Index](http://www.netsol.com/directory)* [justlinux.com](http://justlinux.com/Applications_and_utilities/): applications
* [PIX.COM](http://www.pix.com) website T-shirts, mugs
* [Antispam Stuff](/spam.html)* [Webmonkey](http://www.hotwired.com/webmonkey/relaunch) web design tutorials
* [Booming Sand](http://www-personal.engin.umich.edu/~nori/boom/RMP.html)* [Spam filters](http://www.eskimo.com/~parents/filter/)* [Spider Robinson](http://psg.com/~ted/spider/index.html)* [Anti-spam resources](http://spam.abuse.net/spam/) unsolicited email
* EMAIL HOAXES:
+ [Purportal hoax/UL searcher](http://www.purportal.com/)+ [Norton antivirus: virus hoaxes](http://www.symantec.com/avcenter/hoax.html)+ [LANL/CIAC virus archive: the hoaxes](http://hoaxbusters.ciac.org/)+ [Urban Legends: email as a virus](http://www.snopes.com/inboxer/inboxer.htm)+ [Virus myths: hoax warnings](http://vmyths.com/hoax.cfm)+ [Datafellows hoax warnings](http://www.datafellows.com/virus-info/hoax/)+ [Thought-virus email](http://www.korova.com/virus/)+ [Hoax news](http://www.stiller.com/hoaxes.htm)* [More Castenada](http://www.hist.unt.edu/09w-ar7l.htm)* [Castaneda, shaman or sham?](http://www.volny.cz/castaneda/en/interviews/30.html)* [Castaneda WWWboard](http://www.benweb.com/wave)* [Casteneda site](http://www.webb.com/Castaneda/index.html)* [Cool Science Sites](/amateur/coolsci.html)* [SURPLUS](/supliers.html) mail-order supply catalogs for sci/electronics hobbyists.
* [Roy Gould's page](http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/sed/staff/Gould/MicroObservatory/) at Harvard CFA's
[SED](http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/cfa/sed/) Dept.
* [Telescope](http://mo-www.harvard.edu/MicroObservatory)* [Webster's Dictionary](http://c.gp.cs.cmu.edu:5103/prog/webster)* [SimTel Shareware Archive](ftp://ftp.uoknor.edu/mirrors/SimTel/)* [Shareware searcher,](http://vsl.cnet.com) c|net's VSL
* [Publicly Accessible Internet Mailing Lists](http://www.NeoSoft.com/internet/paml)* [Hot Java Homepage](http://java.sun.com/)* [How to charge for your Internet services!!](http://www.digicash.com/ecash/ecash-home.html)* [Add advanced web page features to your server!](http://melmac.corp.harris.com/local_stuff.html)* [HOTWIRED](http://www.wired.com/) (Recommended)
* [NETSCAPE FRAMES](http://home.netscape.com/comprod/products/navigator/version_2.0/frames/index.html)* Interactive internet [MACHINES](http://www.yahoo.com/Computers_and_Internet/Internet/Entertainment/Interesting_Devices_Connected_to_the_Net/), live cameras, etc.
* [Politics!](http://www.ai.mit.edu/projects/ppp/home.html)
## New WWW pages worth checking out
* [Yahoo: Practical Jokes](http://www.yahoo.com/Entertainment/Humor__Jokes__and_Fun/Practical_Jokes/)* [Society for Amateur Science](http://www.thesphere.com/SAS/)* [GEEKGIRL](http://www.geekgirl.com.au) zine
* [Arbor Scientific](http://arborsci.com)'s catalog of cool science demos, toys, etc.
* [Gary Hawkins'](http://www.eskimo.com/~ghawk) web page
* [UML ftp](ftp://ftp.uml.edu/msdos/games/apogee) shareware PC games
---
```
```
[http://amasci.com/billb.html](/billb.html)
Created and maintained by [Bill Beaty](/billb.html).
[![[email addr is billb * eskimodot sea oh emm]](/graphics/abcb.gif)](/amfrm).
var sc\_project=10408414;
var sc\_invisible=0;
var sc\_security="00267183";
var scJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ?
"https://secure." : "http://www.");
document.write("<sc"+"ript type='text/javascript' src='" + scJsHost + "statcounter.com/counter/counter.js'></"+"script>");
[](http://statcounter.com/shopify/ "shopify stats")
[View My Stats](http://statcounter.com/p10408414/?guest=1)
| https://www.eskimo.com/~billb/billb.html |
<html>
<head><title>ROOTS OF THE GRATEFUL DEAD</title>
</head>
<BODY BGCOLOR=FFFFFF TEXT=000000 BACKGROUND="images/edge.02.gif"
LINK=000000 ALINK=FF9900 VLINK=FF0033>
<ul>
<BR>
<center>
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/title.01.gif"><p>
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/title3.02.gif"><p>
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/title.03.gif"><p>
<p>
<BR>
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/bar.gif"><p>
<img src="images/intro2.01.gif" alt="" border=0 align=new> <p>
<img src="images/intro2.02.gif" alt="" border=0 align=new> <p>
<img src="images/intro.03.gif" alt="" border=0 align=new> <p>
<center> <img align=middle alt="" src="images/bar.gif"><p> </center>
<p>This site contains information, articles and reference material
about the songs that the Grateful Dead have performed and recorded.
The focus will be on the origins and evolution of songs that were not
written by the band (Hunter/Garcia, Weir/Barlow et al).
<p>Go <a href="purpose.html">HERE</a> for more information about the the purpose of this site.<p>
<p><img src="images/new.gif" alt="" border=0 align=new>
<b><a href="monroe.html">Bill Monroe</a>, the father of Bluegrass, passed away on September 9, 1996.</b></font>
<img src="images/new.gif" alt="" border=0 align=new>
<center> <img align=middle alt="" src="images/bar.gif"><p> </center>
<BR>
<BR>
<center>
<img align=center alt="" src="images/rub.gif"><p>
<BR>
<a href="major.html">
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/topics.200.gif">
</a>
<a href="short.html">
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/shortsub.200.gif"><p>
</a>
<a href="solo.html">
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/solo.200.gif">
</a>
<a href="future.html">
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/future.200.gif"><p>
</a>
<a href="refer.html">
<img align=middle alt="" src="images/reference.200.gif">
</a>
<a href="links.html">
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<h1><img src="images/Index/Retro-Logo.jpg" name="BCpl8sBanner" width="704" height="194" id="Image1"><br>
<font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">A History of <font color="#003366">British
Columbia License Plates</font></font></h1>
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<table width="865" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
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Consular</a><br>
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Works</a><br>
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Special
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Nos.</a></b></font><br>
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<br>
<img src="images/Index/SaveOldPlates.jpg" width="175" height="242"> </p></td>
<td height="0" colspan="3" valign="top"><table width="100%" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="700" valign="top"><div align="left">
<p><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">BCpl8s.ca is a collaborative effort that was created in order to present a pictorial history of British Columbia licence plates from 1904 to the present. </font></p>
<p><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">This site contains over 5,000 images (a number that increases
on a regular basis) in addition to a growing body of historical
writing and data on approximately 250 pages.</font></p>
<p><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Please enjoy your time exploring this site and I am always happy to hear from
people wanting to talk plates or share stories! I can be reached at [email protected] (it may take a little while for me to reply, but I will)!</font></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
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<td><img src="images/IndexMenuSwaps/BCPL8S.jpg" name="BCPL8S" width="300" height="155" id="BCPL8S"></td>
<td><table border="0" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="2" align="center">
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><a href="BC-Registration-Data.htm">Archival Records of the Motor Vehicle Branch</a></b></font></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong><a href="PDFs/2017-Licence-Plate-Guide.pdf">BC
License Plate Identification Guide</a></strong></font></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><a href="Meet.html" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('BCPL8S','','images/IndexMenuSwaps/Meets.jpg',1)" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()">BC
License Plate Meets</a></b></font></div></td>
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<td><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><a href="Runs.htm" onMouseOver="MM_swapImage('BCPL8S','','images/IndexMenuSwaps/Runs.jpg',1)" onMouseOut="MM_swapImgRestore()">The <i>Great</i> British Columbia Plate Runs!</a></b></font></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><font color="#FFFFFF" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><b><a href="News.html">BCpl8s.ca
news and updates!</a></b></font></div></td>
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<td><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="Tales.html"><img src="images/Index/Back Bumper Cover.jpg" width="300" height="300" border="0"></a></font></td>
<td valign="bottom"><table border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1">
<tr>
<td><h2 align="center"><em><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><a href="Tales.html">Order a copy and support the work of BCpl8s.ca!</a><a href="Tales.html"></a></font></em></h2></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><strong>168 Pages | Over 250 photos <br>
Foreword by former Premier Gordon Campbell</strong></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><h5><font face="Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"><em>Tales from the Back Bumper is the definitive history of the first 100 years of licence plates in BC. It chronicles the province's evolution, from the time when an automobile on the streets of Victoria was enough to draw a crowd, to the revolutionary road-building vision of W.A.C. Bennett, to the heady days of Expo 86 and the 2010 Winter Games. Through it all, the licence plate has been a source of revenue, a symbol of social status, a means of personal expression and sometimes a bureaucratic headache for those charged with overseeing its design, manufacture and distribution.</em></font></h5></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="0" colspan="3" valign="top"><table width="10%" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><a href="http://www.pentictonmuseum.com/" target="_blank"><img src="images/Index/Penticton-Museum-Logo-web.jpg" width="200" height="150" border="0"></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><a href="http://www.pentictonmuseum.com/" target="_blank"><img src="images/Index/PMA-Wall.jpg" width="441" height="150" border="0"></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2"><div align="center"><strong>"Tales from the Back Bumper: A 100 Year History of the Licence Plate"</strong><br>
Penticton Museum and Archives (August 1, 2013 to December 20, 2013)</div></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="0" colspan="3" valign="top"><div align="center">
<blockquote>
<table width="545" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="2">
<tr>
<td width="0" height="0"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.bchistory.ca/web.html" target="NewPage"><img src="images/Index/BCHFAwardLogo.gif" alt="Recipient of the British Columbia Historical Federation's 2001 History Web Site Award" name="BCHFaward" width="491" height="54" border="0" id="BCHFaward2"></a></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="0"><table height="50" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tr>
<td width="111"><div align="center"><a href="http://www.canlinks.net/hotsites/2003.07.23.hotsites.html" target="NewPage"><img src="images/Index/TheProvince-logo.gif" alt="Vancouver Province HOT SITE for the week of July 23, 2003" name="TheProvince" width="110" height="25" vspace="5" border="0" align="absmiddle" id="TheProvince2"></a></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><a href="http://www.canlinks.net/hotsites/2003.07.23.hotsites.html" target=NewPage><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong>The
Vancouver Province<br>
"Hot Site"</strong></font></font> <font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong> for the week of July 23, 2003</strong></font></font></a></div></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="0"><table height="50" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tr>
<td width="157"><div align="center"><img src="images/Index/tricitynews.jpg" name="TriCutyNews" width="156" height="30" id="TriCutyNews"></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><a href="PDFs/Tri-City%20News%20-%20BC%20Day.pdf"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong>Tri-City News </strong></font></font> <strong><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"> - 2006 </font></font>BC Day Edition<br>
Top ranked "quirky" BC web site</strong></a></div></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="0"><div align="center">
<table width="100%" height="50" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tr>
<td width="157"><div align="center"><img src="images/Index/aabc-logo.png" width="324" height="53"></div></td>
<td><div align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong><a href="PDFs/Best-of-the-Web-Archives-Edition.pdf" target="_blank">"Best of the Web: Archives Edition"
Spring 2011</a></strong></font></font><br>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</blockquote>
<table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td width="150"><a href="Contributors.html"><img src="images/Index/20YRS.jpg" width="200" height="102" border="0"></a></td>
<td><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tr>
<td><div align="center">
<p><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif">Celebrating 20 years online!<br>
</font></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center">
<p><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> November 20, 1999, to November 20, 2019<br>
</font></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><div align="center">
<p><font face="Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif"> 2,000,000+ site visits and counting! </font></p>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table width="321" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="10" cellspacing="5">
<tr>
<td width="150"><a href="https://www.facebook.com/groups/1524722151085427" target="_blank"><img src="images/Index/Groups.jpg" width="200" height="66" border="0"></a></td>
<td width="150"><div align="center"><a href="https://www.alpca.org/" target="_blank"><img src="images/Index/ALPCAMember.jpg" width="200" height="67" border="0"></a></div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table width="600" border="0" align="center" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1">
<tr>
<td><div align="center"><b align="justify"><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">BRITISH
COLUMBIA MOTOR VEHICLE ACT [RSBC 1996] CHAPTER 318</font></b></div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong>12 (1)</strong></font> <font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">Each
number plate must bear the licence number of the motor vehicle or
trailer for which it is issued, and shall be of a material and design
determined by the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia, and is
and remains the property of the corporation<strong>.</strong></font></td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<div align="center"><font size="3"><font face="Times New Roman, Times, serif"><strong>Be sure to visit our sister site:</strong></font></font><a href="http://www.bcpl8s.ca/Yukon" target="_blank"><img src="images/Index/Yukon.jpg" alt="COMING SOON!" width="500" height="81" border="0"></a></div>
<p><font size="2" face="Times New Roman, Times, serif">© Copyright <b>Christopher
John Garrish</b>. All rights reserved.<br>
email:<a href="mailto:[email protected]"><u>[email protected]</u></a></font></p>
<div class="fb-like" data-href="http://www.BCpl8s.ca" data-send="false" data-width="450" data-show-faces="false" data-font="arial"></div>
<div align="center"></div>
</div></td>
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</table>
</body>
</html>
|
BCpl8s.ca - A History of British Columbia License Plates
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#
A History of British
Columbia License Plates
| | | | | | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| **[Passenger](Passenger.html)
[Antique](Antique.htm)
[APEC](APEC.htm)
[BC Parks](BCParks.html)[Chauffeur Badges](Chauffeurs-Badges.html)[Collector](Collector.htm)
[Commercial Truck](Commercial-Truck.html)[Consular](Consular.htm)
[Dealer](Dealer.htm)
[Decals](Decals.htm)
[Driver's Licences](Drivers-Licences.html)
[Expo
86](Expo-86.htm)
[Farm](Farm.html)
[Foreign Touring](ForeignTouring.html)
[Government](Government.html)
[Guinness World Record](Guinness.html)
[Ham
Radio](HamRadio.htm)
[Industrial
Vehicle](IndustrialVehicle.htm)
[Keytags](Keytags.html)
[Lieutenant Governor](LGpl8.htm)
[Logging](Logging.htm)
[Manufacturer](Manufacturer.htm)
[Medical
Doctor](MedicalDoctor.htm)[Memorial Cross](MemorialCross.html)[Motive
Fuel](MotiveFuel.htm)
[Motor
Carrier](MotorCarrier.htm)
[Motorcycle](Motorcycle.htm)
[Movie
Props](Movies.htm)[Municipal](Municipal.htm)
**[National Defence](NationalDefence.html)**
[National Parks](NationalParks.html)
[Off-Road Vehicle](Off-Road.html)
[Olympics](Olympics.htm)
[Passenger Carrier](PassengerCarrier.html)
[Personalized](Personalized.htm)
[Prototype](Prototype.htm)[Prorated](Prorate.htm)
[Public
Works](PublicWorks.htm)
[Reciprocity](Reciprocity.htm)
[Repairer](Repairer.htm)[Restricted](Restricted.html)[Royal Visits](Royal.html)** **[Sample](Sample.htm)
[Specialty Plates](SpecialtyPlates.html)[Special
Agreement](SpecialAgreement.htm)[Temporary Permits](Temporary-Permits.html)[Trailer](Trailer.htm)
[Transporter](Transporter.htm)[Veteran](Veteran.html)
[VIN Program](VIN.html)****[Historic
Nos.](HistoricNumbers.htm)**
**[Highs](Highs.htm) &** **[Lows](Lows.htm)
[Bicycles](Bicycle.html)****[Miscellaneous](Misc.htm)[Site History & Contributors](Contributors.html)[Links](Links.htm)**[**Bio**](bio/index.htm)
|
| |
| --- |
|
BCpl8s.ca is a collaborative effort that was created in order to present a pictorial history of British Columbia licence plates from 1904 to the present.
This site contains over 5,000 images (a number that increases
on a regular basis) in addition to a growing body of historical
writing and data on approximately 250 pages.
Please enjoy your time exploring this site and I am always happy to hear from
people wanting to talk plates or share stories! I can be reached at [email protected] (it may take a little while for me to reply, but I will)!
|
|
| | | | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
| |
| --- |
| **[Archival Records of the Motor Vehicle Branch](BC-Registration-Data.htm)** |
| **[BC
License Plate Identification Guide](PDFs/2017-Licence-Plate-Guide.pdf)** |
| **[BC
License Plate Meets](Meet.html)** |
| **[The *Great* British Columbia Plate Runs!](Runs.htm)** |
| **[BCpl8s.ca
news and updates!](News.html)** |
|
|
|
|
| | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
| |
| --- |
| *[Order a copy and support the work of BCpl8s.ca!](Tales.html)* |
| **168 Pages | Over 250 photos
Foreword by former Premier Gordon Campbell** |
| *Tales from the Back Bumper is the definitive history of the first 100 years of licence plates in BC. It chronicles the province's evolution, from the time when an automobile on the streets of Victoria was enough to draw a crowd, to the revolutionary road-building vision of W.A.C. Bennett, to the heady days of Expo 86 and the 2010 Winter Games. Through it all, the licence plate has been a source of revenue, a symbol of social status, a means of personal expression and sometimes a bureaucratic headache for those charged with overseeing its design, manufacture and distribution.* |
|
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | |
| **"Tales from the Back Bumper: A 100 Year History of the Licence Plate"**
Penticton Museum and Archives (August 1, 2013 to December 20, 2013) |
|
|
| |
| --- |
| [Recipient of the British Columbia Historical Federation's 2001 History Web Site Award](http://www.bchistory.ca/web.html) |
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [Vancouver Province HOT SITE for the week of July 23, 2003](http://www.canlinks.net/hotsites/2003.07.23.hotsites.html) | [**The
Vancouver Province
"Hot Site"** **for the week of July 23, 2003**](http://www.canlinks.net/hotsites/2003.07.23.hotsites.html) |
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | [**Tri-City News** **- 2006 BC Day Edition
Top ranked "quirky" BC web site**](PDFs/Tri-City%20News%20-%20BC%20Day.pdf) |
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | **["Best of the Web: Archives Edition"
Spring 2011](PDFs/Best-of-the-Web-Archives-Edition.pdf)**
|
|
| | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| |
| |
| --- |
|
Celebrating 20 years online!
|
|
November 20, 1999, to November 20, 2019
|
|
2,000,000+ site visits and counting!
|
|
| | |
| --- | --- |
| | |
| |
| --- |
| **BRITISH
COLUMBIA MOTOR VEHICLE ACT [RSBC 1996] CHAPTER 318** |
| **12 (1)** Each
number plate must bear the licence number of the motor vehicle or
trailer for which it is issued, and shall be of a material and design
determined by the Insurance Corporation of British Columbia, and is
and remains the property of the corporation**.** |
**Be sure to visit our sister site:**[COMING SOON!](http://www.bcpl8s.ca/Yukon)
© Copyright **Christopher
John Garrish**. All rights reserved.
email:[[email protected]](mailto:[email protected])
|
| https://www.bcpl8s.ca/ |
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T E X T F I L E S
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On the face of things, we seem to be merely talking about text-based files,
containing only the letters of the English Alphabet (and the occasional
punctuation mark).
On deeper inspection, of course, this isn't quite the case. What this site
offers is a glimpse into the history of writers and artists bound by the
128 characters that the American Standard Code for Information Interchange
(ASCII) allowed them. The focus is on mid-1980's textfiles and the world
as it was then, but even these files are sometime retooled 1960s and 1970s
works, and offshoots of this culture exist to this day.
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[Where are the Files?](directory.html)
[Who are You?](jason)
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**TEXTFILES.COM Sites**
[ASCII](http://ascii.textfiles.com "Jason Scott's Weblog")
[BBSDOCUMENTARY](http://www.bbsdocumentary.com "Jason Scott's BBS Documentary!")
[ARTSCENE](http://artscene.textfiles.com "ARTSCENE.TEXTFILES.COM: Decades of Computer Art and Expression")
[BBSHISTORY](http://www.bbshistory.org "BBSHISTORY.ORG: Jason's Collections of Online History")
[CD](http://cd.textfiles.com "CD.TEXTFILES.COM: Dozens of old Shareware CDs")
[DISCMASTER](http://discmaster.textfiles.com "DISCMASTER.TEXTFILES.COM: The Search Engine for CD-ROMs")
[DIGEST](http://digest.textfiles.com "DIGEST.TEXTFILES.COM: The Mailing Lists That Made a Difference")
[WEB](http://web.textfiles.com "WEB.TEXTFILES.COM: Textfiles That Have Come After 1995")
[BBSLIST](http://bbslist.textfiles.com "BBSLIST.TEXTFILES.COM: All the BBSes there Ever Were")
[TIMELINE](http://timeline.textfiles.com "TIMELINE.TEXTFILES.COM: BBS-Related Events")
[PDF](http://pdf.textfiles.com "PDF.TEXTFILES.COM: Your Eclectic PDF Collection")
[AUDIO](http://audio.textfiles.com "AUDIO.TEXTFILES.COM: The Sound of Online")
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If you feel like donating to its roughly $1200 yearly upkeep: [Paypal](https://paypal.me/textfiles) or [Venmo](https://account.venmo.com/u/textfiles).
(If you prefer a different method, you can always [contact Jason](mailto:[email protected]).)
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<H2 ALIGN=CENTER>Alexander Chislenko public page</H2>
In 1989, I left <A HREF="http://www.spb.su/">Leningrad</A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html">Russia</A> for
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html">Boston</A>,
<A HREF="http://www-astro.phast.umass.edu/local/mass.html">Massachusetts</A>,
as the relatively free society of the
<A HREF="http://www.vtourist.com/North_America/USA/">U.S.</A>
seemed more suitable for my goals: I want to understand
how the world works, and steer it, and <A HREF="sasha.html">
<STRONG>myself</STRONG></A>, into the glorious
<STRONG><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs/wfsgbc.html">future</A></STRONG>.
I invite you to walk around my cyberspace home.
Here you can find many links to various things
<STRONG>advanced and frontierish.</STRONG>
This includes a number of
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/index.html">my own <STRONG>articles</STRONG></A>
on a variety of futuristic, technological
and philosophical subjects, including my recent essays on
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/hypereconomy.html"><STRONG>Hyper-economy</STRONG></A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/SemanticWeb.html"><STRONG>Semantic Web</STRONG></A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/Cyborgs.html"><STRONG>Cyborgs</STRONG></A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/mindage.html"><STRONG>liquid intelligence of the coming Mind Age</STRONG></A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/EnhancedReality.html"><STRONG>Enhanced Reality</STRONG></A>,
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/ACF.html"><STRONG>Collaborative information filtering</STRONG></A>,
and <A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/index.html"><STRONG>
various other topics</STRONG></A>.
If you have any interest in such things, you may also like my
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/lists.html"><STRONG>Guide to the best Internet mailing lists</STRONG></A> and
the following references to what I consider some of the most
interesting resources on the Web.
</DIV>
<A NAME="subsites"></A>
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<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/org.html">
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</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/org.html">Frontier organizations</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/links.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/hotlist.gif" ALT="Hot Links" WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/links.html">Hot Web pages</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/thinkers.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/thinkers_button_anim.gif" ALT="Thinkers" WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/thinkers.html">Great thinkers and Visionaries</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/arti.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/matrix.gif" ALT="AI" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/arti.html">AI, VR and Alife links</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/humor/index.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/smile_anim1.gif" ALT="Humor" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/humor/index.html">Intelligent Humor page</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/tinybos.gif" ALT="boston" WIDTH=36 HEIGHT=36></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html">Boston Links</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/services.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/www.gif" ALT="Web Services" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/services.html">Best Web services</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD>
<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/software.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/group2.gif" ALT="[IMAGE]" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=26></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/software.html">Software Sources</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="essays.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/note01.gif" ALT="Essays" WIDTH=65 HEIGHT=40></A>
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<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="essays.html">Interesting essays</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/edu.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/teacher.gif" ALT="Education" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=33></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/edu.html">Educational resources</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/museums.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/museum.gif" ALT="[IMAGE]" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/museums.html">Libraries and museums</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs.html">
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</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs.html">News and References</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
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<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/fun.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/3dpacm.gif" ALT="[Fun and play]" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/fun.html">Fun and play</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html">
<IMG SRC="graphics/spass.gif" ALT="[Russian]" WIDTH=41 HEIGHT=59></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html">Russian Resources</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=50><A HREF="massage.html">
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</TD>
<TD WIDTH=130><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/massage.html">WWW Massage directory</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/karate.html">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/karate.gif" ALT="Karate" WIDTH=36 HEIGHT=36></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/karate.html">WWW karate directory</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
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</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A onMouseOver="window.status='Animated backgrounds for your pages, admire and learn how to make them'; return true" HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/anim/ab.html">Animated backgrounds</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD><TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/back.html">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/backlinks.gif" ALT="backlinks" WIDTH=40 HEIGHT=40></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/back.html">Backlinks to cool sites</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD WIDTH=75><A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/events.html"><FONT SIZE=4 COLOR="RED">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/alarmclock.gif" ALT="Events" WIDTH=51 HEIGHT=57></A></FONT></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=110><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/events.html">Interesting Events</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD>
<TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/money.html">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/dollarsi40x32.gif" ALT="Sponsors and money" WIDTH=32 HEIGHT=40></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/money.html">Sponsors</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
</TR>
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<TD WIDTH=75><A HREF="misc.html">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/misc.gif" ALT="Misc" WIDTH=73 HEIGHT=32></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=110><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/misc.html">Other Good Things</A></STRONG></FONT>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=40></TD>
<TD WIDTH=50>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/new.html">
<IMG SRC="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/graphics/newsplash.gif" ALT="New" WIDTH=49 HEIGHT=29></A>
</TD>
<TD WIDTH=125><FONT SIZE=4><STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/new.html">What's new on this site</A></STRONG></FONT>
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<TD>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/guestbk/home.html">Guestbook</A>
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I would greatly appreciate any comments, corrections or additions to the
materials and references provided in these pages. You are also welcome
to <A HREF="sponsor.html">sponsor</A> this Web site.
Please e-mail me at <A HREF="mailto:[email protected]?subject=Your home page">
<EM>[email protected]</EM></A>
<P>
<STRONG>©</STRONG>
<A HREF="http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/sasha.html">Alexander Chislenko</A>
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Home and neighborhood of Alexander (Sasha) Chislenko
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[](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/sasha.html)
## Alexander Chislenko public page
In 1989, I left [Leningrad](http://www.spb.su/),
[Russia](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html) for
[Boston](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html),
[Massachusetts](http://www-astro.phast.umass.edu/local/mass.html),
as the relatively free society of the
[U.S.](http://www.vtourist.com/North_America/USA/)
seemed more suitable for my goals: I want to understand
how the world works, and steer it, and [**myself**](sasha.html), into the glorious
**[future](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs/wfsgbc.html)**.
I invite you to walk around my cyberspace home.
Here you can find many links to various things
**advanced and frontierish.**
This includes a number of
[my own **articles**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/index.html)
on a variety of futuristic, technological
and philosophical subjects, including my recent essays on
[**Hyper-economy**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/hypereconomy.html),
[**Semantic Web**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/SemanticWeb.html),
[**Cyborgs**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/Cyborgs.html),
[**liquid intelligence of the coming Mind Age**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/mindage.html),
[**Enhanced Reality**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/EnhancedReality.html),
[**Collaborative information filtering**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/ACF.html),
and [**various other topics**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/articles/index.html).
If you have any interest in such things, you may also like my
[**Guide to the best Internet mailing lists**](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/lists.html) and
the following references to what I consider some of the most
interesting resources on the Web.
| | | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [[IMAGE]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/org.html) | **[Frontier organizations](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/org.html)** | | [Hot Links](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/links.html) | **[Hot Web pages](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/links.html)** |
| [Thinkers](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/thinkers.html) | **[Great thinkers and Visionaries](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/thinkers.html)** | | [AI](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/arti.html) | **[AI, VR and Alife links](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/arti.html)** |
| [Humor](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/humor/index.html) | **[Intelligent Humor page](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/humor/index.html)** | | [boston](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html) | **[Boston Links](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/boston.html)** |
| [Web Services](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/services.html) | **[Best Web services](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/services.html)** | | [[IMAGE]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/software.html) | **[Software Sources](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/software.html)** |
| [Essays](essays.html) | **[Interesting essays](essays.html)** | | [Education](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/edu.html) | **[Educational resources](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/edu.html)** |
| [[IMAGE]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/museums.html) | **[Libraries and museums](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/museums.html)** | | [[IMAGE]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs.html) | **[News and References](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/refs.html)** |
| [[Fun and play]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/fun.html) | **[Fun and play](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/fun.html)** | | [[Russian]](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html) | **[Russian Resources](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/russian.html)** |
| [Massage](massage.html) | **[WWW Massage directory](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/massage.html)** | | [Karate](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/karate.html) | **[WWW karate directory](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/karate.html)** |
| [Animated backgrounds](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/anim/ab.html) | **[Animated backgrounds](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/anim/ab.html)** | | [backlinks](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/back.html) | **[Backlinks to cool sites](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/back.html)** |
| [Events](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/events.html) | **[Interesting Events](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/events.html)** | | [Sponsors and money](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/money.html) | **[Sponsors](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/money.html)** |
| [Misc](misc.html) | **[Other Good Things](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/misc.html)** | | [New](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/new.html) | **[What's new on this site](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/new.html)** |
---
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to [sponsor](sponsor.html) this Web site.
Please e-mail me at [*[email protected]*](mailto:[email protected]?subject=Your home page)
**©**
[Alexander Chislenko](http://www.lucifer.com/~sasha/sasha.html)
---
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<a href="index.htm">Front Door<span> The front door of this site. Not much to it, but, a good start point.</span></a>
<a href="main.htm">Main Page<span> More interesting than the front door but, also, more busier. Not a Web page for the overly serious or those with very slow connections.</span></a>
<a href="sitemap.htm">Site Map<span> A list of most of the pages on this site.</span></a>
<a href="thisisit.htm">This Is It! ♥<span> My 3D world. Check it out! It also includes screen shots.</span></a>
<a href="whoami.htm">Who Am I?<span> What am I like, what <b>do</b> I like, and what kind of a person am I? These and other burning questions I hope to answer for you here.</span></a>
<a href="about.htm">FAQ<span> FAQ = Frequently Asked Questions. Answers the questions most people have about this site.</span></a>
<a href="contact.htm">Contact<span> Explains how you can contact me.</span></a>
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<div id="content">
<ul id="topmenu">
<li class="sub"><a href="sitemap.htm" title="Put your mouse over each to see them, or expand.">Site Menu!</a>
<ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="thisisit.htm" title="♥ This Is It! My 3D world, my virtual home on the Internet! ♥">This Is It!</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm" title="The top scorers in This Is It's trivia!">ThisIsIt Top Trivia Scorers</a></li>
<li><a href="persona_non_grata_outerworlds.htm" title="Jerks that aren't welcome in my world.">OW Persona Non Grata</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="song_lyrics.htm" title="Lyrics to songs.">Song Lyrics</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="information_high.htm" title="From the anime movie Macross Plus">Information High</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="awtips.htm" title="My ActiveWorlds Experience.">AW Experience</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="awtauth.htm" title="Basic background.">Who I am in AW</a></li>
<li><a href="awtgor.htm" title="The gors / goreans in AW have slavery and there's serial killers here, too! :-(">The truth about gor in ActiveWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="awtgorud.htm" title="More of the same.">Truth about gor in ActiveWorlds II</a></li>
<li><a href="awtbuzz.htm" title="What's going on in ActiveWorlds.">ActiveWorlds Buzz</a></li>
<li><a href="thisnot.htm" title="People like the gors / goreans that I consider to be jerks.">AW Persona Non Grata</a></li>
<li><a href="awtbasic.htm" title="What people usually need help with.">ActiveWorlds Basics</a></li>
<li><a href="awtbuild.htm" title="AW building tips.">Building in ActiveWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmpix3.htm" title="Pictures taken in the ActiveWorlds program.">ActiveWorlds Pictures</a></li>
<li><a href="awtimprv.htm" title="Suggestions I have to improve the ActiveWorlds program.">Improving ActiveWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="awtgate.htm" title="Suggestions to make AWGate better.">Improving AWGate</a></li>
<li><a href="awguides.htm" title="What the AW Guides are like.">ActiveWorlds Guides</a></li>
<li><a href="awtexp.htm" title="Things I said a lot in AW for kicks.">My ActiveWorlds expressions</a></li>
<li><a href="awtaw.htm" title="AWLD complaints.">ActiveWorlds Inc.</a></li>
<li><a href="awttour.htm" title="ActiveWorlds kills all the tourists by not letting people try the program for free. :-(">The Day the Tourists Died</a></li>
<li><a href="awttrust.htm" title="Just say no!">Trusting people in ActiveWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="awtcrack.htm" title="The difference between them is skill. Keeping your computer secure in ActiveWorlds.">AW Crackers and Script-Kiddies</a></li>
<li><a href="awttrojn.htm" title="Password stealing bots and other dangerous toys.">AW Trojan Horse Programs</a></li>
<li><a href="awtmistf.htm" title="Miscellaneous things that didn't fit in elsewhere.">Miscellaneous AW stuff</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="my_pov.htm" title="Where I give my POV on this, that, and the other thing.">My POV</a>
<ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="blog.htm" title="My Blog.">CyberWoLfman's Blog</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="blog_2007.htm" TITLE="2007 Blog.">2007 Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="blog_2006.htm" TITLE="2006 Blog.">2006 Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="blog_2005.htm" title="2005 Blog.">2005 Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="blog04.htm" title="2004 Blog.">2004 Blog</a></li>
<li><a href="blog0203.htm" title="2003 / 2002 Blog.">2003 / 2002 Blog</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm" title="Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)">VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="american_werewolf_paris_movie_review.htm" title="Want to bungie-jump off the Eiffel Tower with me? ;-)">An American Werewolf in Paris</a></li>
<li><a href="barb_wire_movie_review.htm" title="Pamela Anderson in an action movie.">Barb Wire</a></li>
<li><a href="beavis_butthead_america_movie_review.htm" title="An MTV cartoon on the big screen.">Beavis and Butthead do America</a></li>
<li><a href="doctor_dolittle_movie_review.htm" title="Eddie Murphy as Dr. Dolittle.">Doctor Dolittle</a></li>
<li><a href="dragonheart_movie_review.htm" title="Fantasy / comedy with special effects.">Dragonheart</a></li>
<li><a href="elf_movie_review.htm" title="A human raised by elves">Elf</a></li>
<li><a href="fifth_element_movie_review.htm" title="A violent but funny view of the future, starring Bruce Willis.">The Fifth Element</a></li>
<li><a href="vidscans_harry_potter_and_the_goblet_of_fire_movie_review.htm" title="This Harry Potter movie left a lot of the good stuff out.">Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire</a></li>
<li><a href="hitch_hikers_guide_to_the_galaxy_movie_review.htm" title="Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy movie review (US title) of the mini-series (1981)">Hitch Hikers Guide to the Galaxy</a></li>
<li><a href="star_trek_first_contact_movie_review.htm" title="The movie showing the first warp-capable starship!">Star Trek: First Contact</a></li>
<li><a href="independence_day_movie_review.htm" title="They didn't come in peace, but they left in pieces.">Independence Day</a></li>
<li><a href="paulie_movie_review.htm" title="The story of a parrot with more brains than most humans.">Paulie</a></li>
<li><a href="clive_barkers_saint_sinner_review.htm" title="A monk from the Middle Ages time-travels to our time.">Clive Barker's Saint Sinner</a></li>
<li><a href="stupids_movie_review.htm" title="Truth in advertising with this title. The movie really sucked!">The Stupids</a></li>
<li><a href="titanic_movie_review.htm" title="They thought it was un-sinkable. Silly humans! LOL">Titanic</a></li>
<li><a href="twelve_monkeys_movie_review.htm" title="Bruce Willis time-travels into the past to stop a biological attack.">Twelve Monkeys</a></li>
<li><a href="underworld_movie_review.htm" title="Vampires versus Werewolves!">Underworld</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="bloomington-normal_illinois_bars.htm" title="Reviews of Bloomington Normal IL (Illinois) bars.">Bloomington-Normal Illinois Bars</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="review_cellar_2.htm" title="A review of the Cellar II bar in Normal IL">Cellar II</a></li>
<li><a href="review_mulligans_downtown_bloomington_il_bar.htm" title="Review of Mulligans bar in downtown Bloomington IL">Mulligans</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="bloomington-normal_illinois_dining_guide.htm" title="Dining guide for Bloomington Normal Illinois">Bloomington-Normal Dining Guide</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="review_pumpernickels_deli_eatery.htm" title="A review of Pumpernickel's Deli and Eatery">Pumpernickel's Deli & Eatery</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="3d_chat.htm" title="3D chat programs reviewed and listed in order of how good they are.">3D Chat Programs Review</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="3dow.htm" title="OuterWorlds Review">OuterWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="3dworlds.htm" title="WorldsChat Review.">Worlds.com/WorldsChat.</a></li>
<li><a href="3dthere.htm" title="If you've seen The Sims Online, the style is similar.">There.com</a></li>
<li><a href="3ddlp.htm" title="A strange and interesting place.">DreamlandPark</a></li>
<li><a href="3dpeace.htm" title="Innovative and artistic people. In fact, many of them are artists!">Peace City / Peace City 3D</a></li>
<li><a href="3daw.htm" title="One of the worst 3D chat programs there is. It has slavery in it, too! :-(">ActiveWorlds</a></li>
<li><a href="3dcnw.htm" title="Another bad one. Slavery in it, as well.">CyberNet Worlds</a></li>
<li><a href="3dctown.htm" title="They try hard, but the program needs serious help!">Cybertown</a></li>
<li><a href="3dcybor.htm" title="This one showed promise, but then it went belly-up.">Cyboria</a></li>
<li><a href="3dpp.htm" title="The program that wouldn't work with a firewall. LOL">PlasticPlanet</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="mmo_mmog_mmorpg_reviews.htm" TITLE="Reviews of MMOs, MMOGs, and MMORPGs.">MMO, MMOG, MMORPG Reviews</a>
<ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="mmorpg_cov_city_of_villains_review.htm" TITLE="City of Villains AKA CoV Review.">City of Villains Review</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="cov_city_of_villains_blacklist.htm" title="CoV AKA City of Villains Blacklist of people not to trust or team with!">CoV / City of Villains Blacklist</a></li>
<li><a href="city_of_villains_cov_jerks_details.htm" TITLE="Details of why I think they're jerks!">CoV Jerks Details</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="mmorpg_coh_city_of_heroes_review.htm" TITLE="City of Heroes AKA CoH Review.">City of Heroes Review</a></li>
<li><a href="coh_city_of_heroes_blacklist.htm" title="CoH AKA City of Heroes Blacklist people not to trust or team with!">CoH / City of Heroes Blacklist</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="imho.htm" title="IMHO = In My Humble Opinion. This is where I rant and rave.">IMHO</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="my_philosophy_on_life_and_what_the_future_holds.htm" title="My philosophy on life and what the future holds">My Thoughts on Life and the Future</a></li>
<li><a href="voygjoke.htm" title="Humans, compassionate? LOL">Star Trek: Voyager Joke</a></li>
<li><a href="would_the_government_warn_you.htm" title="If something very bad was going to happen?">Would the Government Warn You?</a></li>
<li><a href="worlds_biggest_polluter.htm" title="The US military??">The Biggest Polluter</a></li>
<li><a href="slidetip.htm" title="How to survive in alternate realities.">Sliders TV Show Survival Tips</a></li>
<li><a href="products.htm" title="You can't always get what you want.">Products and Services I'd Like to See</a></li>
<li><a href="netscape.htm" title="Web browser wish list.">Mozilla / Netscape wish list</a></li>
<li><a href="school_violence.htm" title="What the media refuses to tell you!">School Violence: Causes</a></li>
<li><a href="volunter.htm" title="If they force you to work, you're not volunteering.">'Volunteer' programs</a></li>
<li><a href="snobs.htm" title="It's not open season on them... yet.">Snobs</a></li>
<li><a href="drivbike.htm" title="Maybe a Stinger missile would change their minds?">Drivers killing bicyclists</a></li>
<li><a href="copcompl.htm" title="Besides what I've written elsewhere.">Cop Complaints</a></li>
<li><a href="greedy_businesses.htm" title="This is why we can never get ahead!">Greedy businesses</a></li>
<li><a href="secretive_doctors.htm" title="They don't think they have to tell you anything.">Secretive Doctors</a></li>
<li><a href="attcompl.htm" title="How much can they screw you over?">Insight Communications complaints</a></li>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="freedom.htm" title="Similar to IMHO, but with adult topics.">Freedom!</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="americans_are_sheep_sheeple.htm" title="Seems like it, anyway.">Americans are sheep!</a></li>
<li><a href="id_chip_implants.htm" title="That's right. We're all getting tagged, whether we like it, or not! :-(">ID Chip Implants</a></li>
<li><a href="humnrhts.htm" title="The US doesn't recognize the Universal Declaration of Human Rights!">UDHR</a></li>
<li><a href="bankspy.htm" title="They report your activity to the government">Banks Spying on You</a></li>
<li><a href="polthnst.htm" title="The short memories of voters keeps politicians in office">Political Honesty</a></li>
<li><a href="pricfrdm.htm" title="People died and sacrified everything so you could have it">The Price of Freedom and Liberty</a></li>
<li><a href="censorship.htm" title="To control how and what you think, they control what you can read">Censorship</a></li>
<li><a href="live4evr.htm" title="They're keeping the information off the news">Living Forever Young</a></li>
<li><a href="alcohol_prohibition.htm" title="Alcohol is on its way to becoming prohibited, again">The Return of Prohibition</a></li>
<li><a href="tobcprhb.htm" title="Better stop smoking before you have to pay more for something illegal">The Banning of Tobacco</a></li>
<li><a href="americans_are_prudes.htm" title="Adult entertainment is slowly becoming illegal, too">Americans are Prudes!</a></li>
<li><a href="gunprohb.htm" title="They don't want you to defend yourself and your family">Gun Prohibition is Coming!</a></li>
<li><a href="atrocits.htm" title="Cruelty and injustice">Atrocities</a></li>
<li><a href="fredlinx.htm" title="Banned books on-line, Libertarians, Echelon, World's Smallest Political Quiz, and more!">Freedom and Liberty Links</a></li>
</ul>
</ul>
<li class="sub"><a href="stories.htm" title="My short stories. They take about 5 - 10 minutes to read, each.">Stories</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="wolftale.htm" title="My first story!">A Wolf's Tale</a></li>
<li><a href="wolfbomb.htm" title="A wolf sees war on a personal level.">The Wolf That Fell Into A War</a></li>
<li><a href="thetree.htm" title="A little sappy. Pun intended.">The Tree</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="cwmpix.htm" title="My picutres pages.">CyberWoLfman's Pix</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="cwmpix.htm" title="The 1st set of pictures are the oldest.">CyberWoLfman's Pix #1</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmpix2.htm" title="From the late 1990's.">CyberWoLfman's Pix #2</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmpix3.htm" title="Pictures taken in the ActiveWorlds program.">CyberWoLfman's Pix #3</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmpix4.htm" title="Back to the real world. Pictures in Bloomington-Normal Illinois.">CyberWoLfman's Pix #4</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmpix5.htm" title="More real world pictures, some in bars.">CyberWoLfman's Pix #5</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="fun_zone.htm" title="Fun stuff to read and do! :-)">The Fun Zone</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="alice_cooper.htm" title="Alice Cooper, the king of shock rock!">Alice Cooper</a></li>
<li><a href="cool_quotes.htm" title="Cool Quotes. Liberty, libertarian and freedom related, but some fun quotes, too!">Cool Quotes</a></li>
<li><a href="howl.htm" title="Werewolves, wolves, and tells you how to howl.">Howl</a></li>
<li><a href="laffmach.htm" title="This laugh machine will tell you jokes! LOL">Laugh Machine</a></li>
<li><a href="cwmtriv.htm" title="A simple Web page trivia game you can play against yourself.">Trivia</a></li>
<li><a href="nikola_tesla.htm" TITLE="Nikola Tesla gave us AC power, invented the radio, spark plug, VTOL, et cetera.">Nikola Tesla</a></li>
<li><a href="mitnick.htm" title="What I'd do it I were him after finally getting back on the Internet after 3 years.">Kevin Mitnick</a></li>
<li><a href="http://[email protected]/nsajoke.htm" title="It's the National Security Agency. Trust me! ;-)">NSA Joke</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="internet_help.htm" title="Tells you how to do things like turning off pop-up ads!">Internet Help</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="css_web_browsers_history.htm" title="Why Mozilla's Firefox is cool and why you shouldn't Web surf with Internet Explorer.">CSS and Web Browser History</a></li>
<li><a href="emailprv.htm" title="How to encrypt your e-mails to keep them private.">E-mail Privacy</a></li>
<li><a href="winmx_help.htm" title="Using WinMX, a file-sharing program.">WinMX Help</a></li>
<li><a href="intatck.htm" title="To avoid them, think paranoid.">Internet Attacks</a></li>
<li><a href="search.htm" title="Search engines and Internet directories.">Search</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="datafeed.htm">Datafeed</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="green_lasers.htm" title="Green lasers and why you shouldn't point them at airplanes">Green Lasers</a></li>
<li><a href="rprsdtec.htm" title="You won't believe the technology that they don't tell you about!">Repressed Technology</a></li>
<li><a href="sleep_tips_and_remville.htm" title="Gives sleep tips and insomnia help">Sleep Tips and REMville</a></li>
<li><a href="us_national_hurricane_center.htm" title="See the hurricanes on satellite pictures.">US National Hurricane Center</a></li>
<li><a href="deities.htm" title="Gods and Goddesses from different times and places.">Deities</a></li>
<li><a href="mentilns.htm" title="Never call a suicide prevention line!">Mental Illness</a></li>
<li><a href="dutch_to_english_dictionary.htm" title="Dutch words and phrases.">Dutch to English Dictionary</a></li>
<li><a href="japanese_to_english_dictionary.htm" title="Japanese words and phrases.">Japanese to English Dictionary</a></li>
<li><a href="spanish_to_english_dictionary.htm" title="Spanish words and phrases.">Spanish to English Dictionary</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="owtips.htm" title="My OuterWorlds Experience.">OW Experience</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="owtbasic.htm" title="OW new user's guide.">OuterWorlds Basics</a></li>
<li><a href="owtbuild.htm" title="OuterWorlds building help.">OW Building Tips</a></li>
<li><a href="owtpix.htm" title="OW pictures taken in the program.">OuterWorlds Pictures</a></li>
<li><a href="owtnews.htm" title="What's going on in OW.">OuterWorlds Buzz</a></li>
<li><a href="owtwho.htm" title="Who's who in OuterWorlds.">OuterWorlds Who's Who</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="about.htm" title="About this site and an FAQ.">Site Stuff</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="whoami.htm" title="No, I'm NOT the anti-christ! LOL More like the Internet boogeyman...">Who Am I?</a></li>
<li><a href="credits.htm" title="Who's responsible for what I am.">Credits</a></li>
<li><a href="links.htm" title="Links to external sites.">Links</a></li>
<li><a href="tell_others_about_us.htm" title="Want to freak out some people? Tell them about this site and blow their minds. LOL">Spread the word!</a></li>
<li><a href="truelove.htm" title="My version of a personal ad.">True Love</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="worlds.htm" title="WorldsPlayer, Worlds Ultimate 3D Chat, WorldsChat, et cetera.">WorldsChat Experience</a>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="cyboria.htm" title="My life in the Cyboria 3D chat program.">Cyboria Experience</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="cybwish.htm" title="What I'd like to see in Cyboria.">Cyboria Wish List</a></li>
<li><a href="cybscren.htm" title="Pictures taken in the Cyboria program.">Cyboria Screen Shots</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li class="sub"><a href="holidays.htm" title="Holidays pages">Holidays</a>
<ul>
<li><a href="happy_holidays.htm" title="December-January holidays. Yule, Winter Solstice and those new ones, too.">Happy Holidays</a></li>
<li><a href="xmaslang.htm" title="Merry Christmas and happy holidays in different languages.">Merry Christmas</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
<center>
<p><img src="banner_button_cwm_3_lensflare.jpg" alt="CyberWoLfman's Web Asylum! (I made this picture! Never know what you can do if you try. :-) If you can access the Internet, why not learn something new?)" title="Welcome to Cyberwolfman's Web Asylum! :-)" border=0 height=148 width=400>
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:+: Welcome page / Front door :+:
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Straitjacket optional ;-)
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Abandon all hope, ye who enter here... of leaving sane! Mu-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha! Just kidding! I have no intent on causing you any kind of harm, and, in fact, spend a lot of my time trying to help others and make the world a better place! :-)
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Just a few things you should know about me:
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First: The essential philosophy I try to follow is summed up rather nicely by the sign I had placed in the 3D world I made in front of the virtual campus I created in it called the Knowledge Infusion/Enhancement Matrix: If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, <b><i>you suck</i></b>!
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Second: If you allow your greed, hatred and prejudices to over-ride your morality, what is it that differentiates you from any other animal? The fact that you collect luxury items and destroy the world for coloured pieces of paper that have no real value (fiat currency, which includes many currencies, including the American dollar)? Destroying your own habitat isn't a sign that you're more intelligent than other animals. Quite the contrary.
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Third: Do you accept what other people tell you in the real world or on-line as the truth without verifying it for yourself? You're essentially allowing them to dictate what you believe and are little more than a slave. Get the facts for yourself. Learning how to learn is a good skill to have. And, while you're about it, teach others how, too! :-)
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Addendum to the last one: Certain personality types, like those considered anti-social (which include psychopaths, sociopaths and narcissists), use tactics such as triangulation to deflect your attention away from something bad that they're doing onto someone else. The person could be there with them in the real world or on-line or could be elsewhere. In the latter case, you're told something about someone that probably isn't true and they believe you're gullible and/or stupid enough to accept their word for it, allowing them to control what you believe. If you find out that it's a lie, they'll laugh it off, claiming it was 'just a joke' or somesuch or try some other form of deflection. Besides, what kind of value do you place on someone who's simply trying to hurt other people's reputation or feelings? Your answer to that should be zero. Ignore what they say and move on. Their words, opinion and very existence is meaningless to you and it's likely that many other people already 'got their number.'
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Fourth: I engage in video and audio sousveillance using hidden or obvious equipment. If you're in line-of-sight with me, it's almost guaranteed that you're being video and audio recorded and it might be streaming to the Internet, to an account not under the name of CyberWoLfman (for reasons that should be obvious), where many people can take a screenshot and do an image search (some dating apps have been doing this for years) to find out who you are. If you think you're anonymous and have a right to privacy in almost any place except maybe a restroom (which probably has hidden cameras put in by the management), think again. (And, there's people who take their electronic devices into their bedrooms and bathrooms, somehow not aware of the fact that they probably have cameras and microphones that can be remotely activated, never heard of signal triangulation (turning your GPS off doesn't keep others from knowing where you are) or believe that other people have a moral code! LOL) Governments, stores and corporations do this to you all the time with surveillance, so, an ordinary citizen also has the right to do it, especially since it's likely the only way to prove wrong-doing by others. And, as has been said for centuries, those who do evil fear the light, lest their works become known. If you're in a situation or a place where surveillance is obviously being done or is possible and someone gets flustered about you using video and/or audio recording or insist that you ask, first, it's a good bet you're about to be robbed, screwed over, insulted, hurt or possibly killed or a combination of all five. (Did the hypocrites ask <b><u>you</u></b> if they could put you under surveillance? Don't be the naive and gullible idiot who expects fairness from someone who isn't fair!) One of the most infamous examples of this hypocritical behaviour is the McVeillance incident involving Steve Mann. But, let's face it, <a href="truth_about_humans.htm" title="Why I don't trust humans!">the true nature of humans</a> is to be cruel, sadistic, power-hungry, hypocritical and greedy a-holes, as anyone can verify when they see what they do when they're in a situation where they can gain power or money or engage in their natural sadistic urges and not have any consequences for their actions. Or, simply read history (while keeping in mind that most of it is slanted, sugar-coated, an outright lie or doesn't give the whole story and in many cases, is written by the victors and their victims are either dead or censored). The evil that humans do <b><u>always</u></b> outweighs the good they do, which is usually done for better PR for themselves or their organization.
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Addendum to the fourth one: If you're an employee who's screwing over or lying to a customer or patient and you try relying on the superior orders excuse or claim you're just following orders, remember who else in history tried using that as an excuse to not have to worry about things like right and wrong . . . the nazis! Are you truly okay with having their same moral code or being seen as emulating them? Do your parents, neighbours, fellow employees and the school you graduated from know this about you? If not, they should be informed of it! For those who think such information is difficult to find (the genuine or bespoke information and not garbage created to get money out of suckers) or even learning who they are by just doing simple things like digging up criminal and civil case files, employment records, marriage licenses, school records, birth certificates, property records and so on, think again! LOL Those who know how to do this kind of thing don't even need your first or last name and can find out who you are with various serarch criteria, refining it to the point where you're caught like a single fish swimming in a school of fishes!
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This site is unique and likely seen as old-school. It's considered by some to be a Web 1.0 site (Web version 1?), is coded using nothing but a text editor, so there's variety and all the pages don't look the same, there's not a single ad or anything for sale here, it's practically littered with help pages and this is one of the few remaining examples of what the Web used to look like.
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How many Web sites can say the same? So, please give out this Web site's URL or link back to it, if you appreciate that sort of thing. :-)
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<b>Where you can sometimes find me:</b></font> Although it's probably addictive and seen by many as a waste of time, I like to play the old City of Heroes game (but, they're frequently adding new things to it), which is now free to play on City of Heroes Homecoming. More information here: <a href="coh_tips_homecomingservers_city_of_heroes_homecoming.htm" title="Tips from me and links to the official site for the game.">City of Heroes Homecoming Server Tips</a>. Some of my characters are named ViRaLsPiKeS, CLiMaTe BReAkDoWn, GrEEd KiLLeD EaRtH, LaW of MiRRorS and Do The Right Thing in my <a href="thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm" title="For years, I gave away cash prizes to the top trivia scorers in my 3D world, even though I was living under the FPL (Federal Poverty Level)!">usual futile attempt to help make the world a better place by teaching people</a>, but . . . it's probably a waste of time for me, because, along with many of my other help pages (like the one I made about <a href="climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm" title="Some facts about what's coming and why it should be stopped! Can humans control their greed and that of the corporations before it's too late? But, a growing number of us already know the answer to that one!">Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels</a>), few people read the names and think about the problem and even fewer care.
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To make it easier for mobile device users, I've made this Web site rechable via a Web browser capable of using emojis as a URL (the Opera Web browser is one of them)! :-)
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You simply put one of the following sets of emojis (they look different for different operating systems or the app or program you're using) in the address bar AKA address field of the Web browser (hold your mouse over each of the following emojis to see the name which each emoji can be found with by doing a search on your smartphone or tablet, unless they're in your recent emojis section):
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The first set of emojis makes more sense if you can remember the name of this Web site:
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<emoji title="Robot face.">🤖</emoji><emoji title="Wolf. The gray one.">🐺</emoji><emoji title="Spider web. But, it might come up in a short list if you just type in web.">🕸</emoji><emoji title="Crazy. A little face giving a wink with its tongue sticking out.">😜</emoji> Once you put them in the address field, you just go to it like when you've typed in a URL.
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<emoji title="Wolf. The gray one.">🐺</emoji><emoji title="Beer">🍺</emoji><emoji title="Comet">☄</emoji><emoji title="Crazy. A little face giving a wink with its tongue sticking out.">😜</emoji> Again, after putting them in the address field, you just go to it like when you've typed in a URL.
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<emoji title="Warning symbol of a yellow triangle sign with an exclamation point inside it.">⚠</emoji><emoji title="Star. The yellow, five-pointed star.">⭐</emoji><emoji title="Light bulb.">💡</emoji><emoji title="Star. The yellow, five-pointed star.">⭐</emoji><emoji title="Warning symbol of a yellow triangle sign with an exclamation point inside it.">⚠</emoji> Got the emojis in? Then you just click to go!
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Easier than typing in cyberwolfman.com, for some people, at least? ;-)
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I'm thankful I never used a <acronym title="CMS is an acronym. It stands for Content Management System, which most modern Web sites use, but, it makes almost all the Web pages look the same except for pictures and text.">CMS</acronym> for my Web site, since some of them can't add emojis! LOL It isn't very forward-thinking if you use something that you can't code what you want into it until it gets around to getting up-to-date with what you need to do with it . . . But, maybe you can use a text editor to accomplish what you want to do? :-)
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Tell Others
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Please share this site with others?
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<b>Important note:</b></font> Regarding the Covid-19 pandemic, please read the 3rd and 4th paragraphs, which tells you how it spreads in a way that isn't known to the general public, and I provide information to show it's true here: <a href="#what_i_try_to_do_to_help" title="As much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)">Which is only one of the things I do to try to help others and the world</a>.
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You're welcome. :-) But, remember to tell others (or, just give out the link to this page), to help them, too!
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One of my latest pages: <a href="climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm" title="Some facts about what's coming and why it should be stopped! Can humans control their greed and that of the corporations before it's too late? But, a growing number of us already know the answer to that one!">Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels</a>.
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Links for this page:
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Yes, I need to move some of this stuff to other pages! Always making more work for myself, using this page as a staging area . . .
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<a href="#tell_others" title="Now located near the top of the Web page so maybe, just maybe, someone will click the Like and/or Share buttons someday! Dare to dream . . . LOL">Tell others about this Web site</a>.
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<a href="#a_quick_introduction" title="Which I should probably add to the Who Am I page and organise it all better!">A quick introduction</a>.
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<a href="#meeting_a_psychopath" title="It was one of my neighbours!">I met a psychopath! (Sidenote)</a>
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<a href="#introduction_continued" title="Getting back on topic!">Introduction, continued</a>.
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<a href="#lying_red_flags" title="To help you spot liars!">Lying red flags (sidenote II)</a>.
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<a href="#introduction_continued_2" title="Getting back on topic! This time, for reals? LOL">Introduction, continued II</a>.
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<a href="#life_rules" title="AKA karmic multiplier! What you do unto me, you get back 10x!">Life Rules</a>.
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<a href="#what_is_real" title="If you don't see something, is it real? That depends . . .">What is real?</a>
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<a href="#alone_in_the_universe" title="Long debated, but, you know . . .">Are we alone in the universe?</a>
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<a href="#quick_intro" title="A brief description of this Website">A quick intro of this Website</a>.
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<a href="#what_i_try_to_do_to_help" title="As much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)">Things I do to try to help others and the world</a>.
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<a href="#things_i_used_to_do_to_help" title="Although I tried other things, it got too expensive or I had to donate my time to something or someone else which helped others more.">Things I used to do to help others</a>.
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<a href="#site_changes" title="Ads didn't generate enough to pay for the site so they're gone, changed this page's layout and . . . I might do other things.">Site changes and (maybe) future plans</a>.
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<a href="#time_to_give_up" title="After years of trying, using all my spare time and money, the world and the people just keep getting worse.">It may be time for me to give up</a> . . .
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<a href="#entrance" title="Enter, if you dare...">Choose your entrance</a>.
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<a href="#pictures_pages" title="Some of the pictures I've taken.">Pictures pages</a>.
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<a href="#search_this_site" title="Includes search tips for you. :-)">Search this site</a>.
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A (somewhat) Quick Introduction:
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You've found the <u>real</u> Cyberwolfman and yes, that's my real name and legal name. Some of the other cyberwolfmen you may have seen on the Internet aren't me.
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Quick note on my general philosophy on life (which I try to follow with this site and in the real world): If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, <b><u>you suck</u></b>! I never got the whole greed thing . . . What's the goal, to get everything you can possibly want in life and become bored? LOL
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Look at the world today. See the harm greed's done to the environment and to people around the world and ask yourself if that's a good thing or a bad thing and act accordingly. If <b><u>you</u></b> don't do anything, then who will? The corporations or the politicians (who are supposed to serve the people, but, many of them are owned by the corporations)?
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How's <b><u>that</u></b> worked out for the entire planet the last few decades?
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I have a very strong moral code, although I feel as though I'm nearly alone in that . . . But, I've lived through a lot, read a lot and had . . . rather unique experiences in my life and suffered more than many who live in my area and all of that has made me different. How different? I'm more different on the inside than on the outside, which is saying something. You can blame humans for that.
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Now that most of the worst people have gone to another Web site . . .
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If you read the entirety of even this front door page, you're likely to learn things that most people never will. Be prepared. I haven't been considered normal since the day I was born and never felt like I fit in anywhere and this site and my views reflect that.
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And, now, there are even fewer people continuing to read. ;-) This was by intention. Few people would understand and teaching people certain things isn't something I'm comfortable with . . . If it's any consolation, by continuing to read, you mark yourself as special in a way few would ever understand and . . . You might benefit in a way you couldn't have ever imagined. :-)
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While I've learned much, I'll speak openly about some of it, but, some things I don't say clearly and I engage in obfuscation, subterfuge, misdirection and some minor instances of something similar to sleight of hand. What isn't readily apparent, will, in time, become exceptionally clear within your mind. Again, this is by intention. Among my other oddities, I was playing chess by the time I was four and learned about the spy cell system and discovered a better way of networking the communications within it several years before the events of 9/11 AKA 9-11. I also frequently think of new ways to use things I've learned. One small clue you can see here? This (and the other Web pages) were coded using a text editor. Notice the layout and the unique headers. I can do much more, but . . . Older Web browsers wouldn't support it and some of you lot are still using Web browsers older than most Web sites! LOL
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Although you'll doubt some things I tell you until you learn to confirm the truth for yourself, trust me on at least one thing for now; While lying, to me, is abhorrent and not something I ever want to do (white lies are my limit) and I absolutely <b><u>loathe</u></b> liars on a level you wouldn't believe (for starters, they're betraying your trust and insulting you at the same time by making you think you're too stupid to spot their lie), it's far safer for you <b><u>and</u></b> for me if I hide some of what I'm trying to teach behind a thin veil which shouldn't be too difficult to part if you do your best.
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If you want to be formal, I'm reverend doctor Cyberwolfman and I've been both for years. And, before you ask, you can't ask the things I've <acronym title="This is one of the very few hints I'll be obvious about. I used PHD as a phrase. The majority are left as . . . an exercise for the student. ;-)">Piled Higher and Deeper</acronym>! LOL However, if you've ever met me in person, you'd know I'm not the formal type and prefer to wear casual clothing. Suits don't appeal to me, and usually, people who speak formally to you and/or wear suits are probably the very same people who screw over people for fun and profit.
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Also, be wary if they compliment you or feign interest in you or something you're wearing or said. They're likely trying to sell you something or distract you from something you should be paying attention to such as not giving you a receipt for something they know is going to break down quickly to setting up an appointment two months away while sending an e-prescription to a pharmacy that'll only last for one month, so, you won't know about it until you get it. A diversionary tactic could include members of the staff within a few feet of your exam room talking to each other as though your needs (such as setting up the next appointment) are important, as they're aware of the fact that you're within hearing range but are outside of your line of sight and behaving as if what they're doing is normal for them (all the world's a stage and all the men and women, merely players). And, yes, I notice these things and others! Only writing me half of a needed prescription once might be considered a mistake, but, doing it multiple times? Congratulations on making me even <b><u>less</u></b> trusting of people than before and lowering your reputation even further!
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The majority of the clothing I wear is the cheapest I can find, including shoes that don't fit me very well (at the local discount store chain, they only go up to size 14 wide so I have pain with each step I take).
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If you meet me in public, keep in mind that, despite the fact that my appearance is different from what's considered normal (which, in human society, seems to be a good excuse for harassment and violence and sometimes, worse and yes, I've been on the receiving end of the worse things multiple times), I'm a nicer guy on the inside than most of the people you're ever likely to meet, since I absolutely refuse to be the kind of monster I see most humans as.
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What's in the bag I often carry? Among other things, a chessboard, a water quality tester, a radiation badge, a radiation tester and . . . other things which would raise eyebrows, make people's jaws drop and knowledge of them is on a need-to-know basis and you don't have a need to know! But, Felix the cat was a great teacher! LOL
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I met a psychopath! (Sidenote)
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One of the aforementioned human monsters I met recently displayed ASP (Antisocial Personality) disorder traits (some doctors believe psychopaths are just one type who fits this description), which included:
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Projection (they attempt to convince others of what they, themselves, were doing);
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Vilification AKA gaslighting (they attempt to make you appear dangerous or crazy to others and/or try to make you think so about yourself);
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Emotional barriers (after they emotionally upset you or emotionally abuse you, hurting you, if you react to it or object to it, they attempt to avoid blame by claiming it's wrong to feel hurt (much like sociopaths who frequently say things like "why are you so upset," "you're over-reacting" and "it's not a big deal," keeping in mind that sociopaths and many other ASPDs AKA Anti-Social Personality Disorders don't have any real empathy and sometimes have to fake it like a learned response) or to complain about it, in essence, invalidating your feelings and attempting to make you feel even worse by convincing you that you're the one who's at fault);
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Deceitfulness (openly lying (usually in an attempt to avoid getting into trouble, but, they oft-times do it simply because they want to), with the belief that everyone will either believe them or they don't care if anyone does)
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The specifics?
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They repeatedly lied to me, claiming I didn't do something (namely forwarding information to them via e-mail), despite the fact that I had evidence on my phone that I did. (Along with the e-mail app saying they were sent, another employee there told me they had got the e-mails I sent to the store's e-mail address.) This was also a very stupid lie, as I'm a major tech nerd that anyone can know for certain within a few seconds of meeting me, unless they're literally blind. Been using computers since at least the TRS-80 (it had a cassette tape drive) and Apple IIe (it used a floppy disk drive and the floppy disk was actually floppy). Insinuating that I don't know how to correctly send an e-mail? Really?? LOL
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When I moved about 20 feet or so away from the toxic person to a table to let someone else get up to the counter to try to get their business taken care of, I was staring into my phone's screen in the process of sending yet another e-mail with the information in it in an effort to appease the psychopathic woman (which is a wasted effort, as a psychopath and many other mentally ill with antisocial personality disorders are never satisfied with anything you do and, I'll admit, I was growing more frustrated and not just because, with my large hands (they're proportional to the my feet and I can't find shoes in my size at the local discount store chain) trying to tap the right letters on a little cell phone was absolutely no joy) and I mumbled "I can see why people snap" and she asked "what did you say?" loud enough to be heard by everyone there, and, when I didn't respond (trolls hate it when you ignore them), she said in the same loud voice that she had a gun and a concealed permit to carry it, which is when I looked up and saw she was looking right at me.
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My situational awareness, which is usually either yellow or orange depending on my current emotional state, where I am and who and what's around me (look up situational awareness colour codes and, as some say, keep your wits about you, if you want to stay alive as even noticing someone who's standing nearby who suddenly shifts their weight or glances quickly behind you could be the only warning you get before you get attacked or killed), was orange after entering the store and instantly recognising her (I was also trying very hard to not let my face show that I had recognised her, as many people can attest what happens when a malicious person knows that you see them as a threat, hoping she wouldn't do anything violent or say anything hurtful in order to make me look bad if I complained about it, which she would probably use as an excuse to do even more, because that's how people are) but quickly switched to full-on red and I glanced around without being too obvious about it for adequate cover (true cover is in very short supply in many places of business, especially if your attacker has something more powerful than a .38) and my heart started to pound fast in my chest!
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Then she said I was threatening to shoot people in that same loud voice. There were about eight people in the store in hearing range of that.
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I'm no lawyer, but, isn't what she said slander (my appearance was definitely not threatening, as my hands were in plain view in front of me, one hand holding my small cell phone and the other one hovering over it, and, I was wearing a peace sign around my neck and had a hat on with the words "stop the hate" written on it and was dressed in shorts and a T-shirt with no obvious way to hide even a small pistol, and I should be on the store's surveillance video footage, as there were a few surveillance cameras that should've had me in their field of view)?
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Okay, maybe somebody could hide a very tiny pistol hidden in a 'prison wallet,' but, you'd think that even a tiny pistol would hurt very, very badly, be extremely obvious when you pulled it out and be very difficult to use, covered with . . . Eww! Okay, I am <b><u>not</u></b> going there! And, before you ask, neither are you!
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Isn't it illegal or considered mob action or attempt to incite a mob to violence or something like that or to scare people with the threat of gun violence or attempt to get people to gang up on a non-violent person who obviously isn't threatening anyone? You would think so, anyway . . . And, wouldn't the person and company who hired her and trained her be at least partly responsible for what she did? Maybe her parents should also be considered at least partly responsible, if they were supposed to teach her the difference between right and wrong.
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The people there looked at me (a big guy with grey hair who was primarily focused on trying to read the teeny-tiny text on his little cell phone) and ignored me.
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I left the store, went to another store where there were people around me (who could witness if she followed me with the intent to do me more than the emotional harm she had already caused me), called the cops and told them what happened.
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As I said above, I recognized her. She was one of my neighbours. She lived within a few houses from me (earlier, her tall friend in blue coveralls (whose name started with a M) threw used motor oil in my yard (I saw him walking to another yard two houses down from me with what looked like a drip pan and I went there to take a picture of the wet grass I saw there and I heard him laughing at me behind my back as he sat in a car near that spot when I turned around to walk back home, but, maybe he saw the BB pistol I had stashed in my back pocket out of fear that people who do bad things to others may do other bad things such as acts of violence to them and if I feared for my life, getting stung by a BB might get them to stop, or, at the very least, yell, which might've attracted the attention of other neighbours), another time, he handed me a tag from a package of underwear after he left a Walmart store (which made me wonder why he had it and why I didn't see the package of underwear it should've been in), and on another occasion when I was riding my bicycle, sped up in his little blue car to get ahead of me in order to turn right in front of me so I had no choice but to stop really fast or run into the front of his car and likely be killed from being crushed under its wheels and, I'm hoping he did it accidentally by not seeing me, but, if so, I hope he paid more attention after that, since there were a lot of little kids living in that area, and, if he couldn't see a guy who's over six feet tall . . .), but, didn't let her know that I remembered her.
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(For those who need help in remembering what people look like in order to give a better description of them, learn to see far more than just the basic facial geometry, hair style or eye colour (or colours, as some people have eyes of different colours, but, eye colour, like hair style or hair colour (the latter can be changed as quickly as putting on a wig or cutting off the hair in a van or public restroom and quickly using a hair dye) can be changed). Remember the height of someone (there's a reason there's a height guide alongside the doors of many convenience stores), look for physical details (some could be very small) which might be unique and can't be changed quickly such as permanent tattoos (learn to tell the difference between temporary tattoos (which could be put on in a matter of seconds using a device and wiped off with soap and water and might be used to get people looking for something that's no longer on them) and permanent tattoos), scars, birthmarks, the habitual movements they make, their gestures, their accent, their choice of words (although the latter four could be an act) and so on. Those details might also help police in identifying someone, un-like clothes, which can simply be changed or, if it's a shirt or coat, be taken off and stashed somewhere, pushed into a garbage can or dumpster, or given to someone, which would get <b><u>them</u></b> nabbed and the bad person might escape the area if the police think they had caught them or spotted them, in which case, multiple units would converge on the spot of the sighting. How many things like that do I know? Some things are written on my Web pages, but, be thankful that <b><u>I</u></b> have a strong moral code (but most of humanity doesn't and those who've read enough history or have seen what people do whenever they think they can get away with something can verify that) and prefer to use my knowledge to help others and make the world better and safer.)
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I can only hope they investigated her, took away her gun (or guns, if she had more than one, which is increasingly more likely these days) and other weapons, and hopefully, took her some place where she could get the help she seemed to be in urgent need of. I also hope that she didn't have children in her home, as they're frequently the first victims of people like that . . .
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Part of me was surprised that when she looked at me, she didn't realise that others in my life from as far back as grade school had tried to do similar things to me. Guess she never learned how to properly size up a mark or assumed that everyone she went after would be the exact same. Or, didn't care . . . Believing that <b><u>I</u></b> was a fool and judging me solely on my appearance, she proved herself to be one.
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If she and her tall friend are both mentally ill, they might be doing other bad things, such as triangulation, where someone says something bad about a 3rd party to someone, believing that the person (or people) they say it to won't try to confirm it and will believe their lie whole-heartedly. Those who spread rumours are haters and liars (many times, sad to say, it's because someone is different from them in some way, so, they might be intolerant or an outright racist). Anyone who spreads rumours without confirming them (should you really be saying bad things about others you've named (or identified in some way to others so there's no doubt as to who you mean) behind their backs and won't those you're talking to (or whatever deity you worship or karma) judge you based on that?), marks themselves as a gullible fool. Those who believe them, mark themselves as an idiot who's likely to believe anything (and in the latter two cases will encourage others to try to scam you).
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Something else that concerns me about them . . . Do they do these things because I'm different, and, if so, have they done them to others who were different from them? Those they treat in such a way might grow to hate those who are like them, and, possibly, cause them to donate money to hate groups who oppose them. Will their actions result in others losing their lives? You'd hope not, but, I also realize that if they're mentally ill, they may not have any empathy for anyone or care who gets hurt as a result of their actions and/or words.
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Introduction, Continued:
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I have severe social anxiety (not shyness (okay, maybe a little), but, more like extreme terror of other people), PTSD and am hard-of-hearing (my left ear is totally nerve dead and it was one of those worse things).
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So, I'm usually twitchy unless I do something to prevent that before I leave home (but, just in case, please don't make any fast movements or loud noises when near me) and very un-trusting (because of multiple things done to me). If you're nice to me, I'll be nice to you, but, if you're an a-hole or betray my trust or even lie to me (like some healthcare professionals frequently do, who judge me by my appearance and apparently don't realize that the red flags of lying are known to many), I'll take it personally and will never trust you or anyone who works where you work again and will also be certain to tell others of the way you treat people, but then, so will your fellow employees and friends, especially if they can use that to make themselves look better than you . . .
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Perhaps, this will also get back to your parents and reflect badly on them because they were the ones who raised you and were supposed to teach you the difference between right and wrong. On top of that, if you read the Bible, God considers liars to be an abomination (Proverbs 12:22) and you're going to burn in Hell (Revelation 21:8, and, it's <b><u>not</u></b> Revelations, which Hollywood thinks is the right spelling, and, can script writers truly be illiterate, or, at the very least, never opened a Bible and looked at the table of contents to see the list of books of the Bible?).
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But, maybe you'll use the superior orders excuse that was oh-so-popular in Nuremberg during the Nazi war crimes trials, believing that doing bad things to others is morally a-ok if you can claim that you were just following orders? Is being compared with a jack-booted, goose-stepping, swastika-kissing armed Nazi thug and having the same moral code something you and your fellow employees and your employer(s) (perceived guilt by association and possibly shared knowledge of your actions while not doing anything to stop you and failing to make amends to your victims) comfortable with?
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<b><u>I</u></b> know where you'll be spending eternity, although it might not've dawned on <b><u>you</u></b>, yet . . .
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Lying Red Flags (sidenote II)
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Just a few of those lying red flags (situations, cultures, a person's personality type and other factors are some of the things that may skew the reliability of the following) are comfort gestures, distancing from the spot they told the lie (watch the infamous president Nixon speech to see both, and, I have a video of a nurse who did both), saying things like um and uh as they come up with it as they're talking, microexpressions (they're fast, but, watch a video at a slow speed or frame-by-frame advance (with some video players, it's the E key) to better see them), making a gesture after they say something instead of during, shaking their head, inflection, momentary hesitancy and/or quickly-spoken statements, being vague, talking in a higher tone, darting eyes and/or maintaining eye contact (to see if you believe them, but, in some places, that's considered rude or a sign of aggression), smirking smiles, repeating words or phrases, distancing language and lack of contractions (the last two along with the comforting gestures were just some from president Clinton), et cetera.
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And, did you seriously think you were the very first person who ever lied to me in my entire life? If you see me in the real world, look at me and ask yourself how many saw me and thought how easy it would be to fool me. You're not the first. You're not even in the first 3,000! LOL So, who's the real fool? Usually, it's the person who judges someone solely by their appearance and assumes that they're what they appear to be.
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Introduction, Continued II:
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Kind of an <acronym title="For Your Information">FYI</acronym>, here, I usually engage in sousveillance by video and audio recording when I'm out, most of the time by using hidden equipment (unless the battery needs re-charged). Those in the DoD know what my top aptitude area scores were in on the ASVAB (my lowest score was 94 and I took it when I was stressed out) and I've built a pirate radio station a few inches on a side decades ago.
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But, since I have a strong belief in privacy rights (unlike most other people and corporations, and I taught people how to secure their e-mails with encryption back in the 1990s, several years before Snowden) I usually only do it if I suspect I'm getting screwed over (or am about to be) or if they have a history of doing so to me in the past.
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This is primarily the case with healthcare professionals who have a questionable moral code (you seriously don't think that I'll be suspicious when you tell me that the cost for the lenses alone in a pair of eyeglasses are $600??), which reflects badly on both their employer, fellow employees and others in their field.
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One healthcare professional whose name started with an E even claimed they had never heard of Big Ben (technically, only the bell is named Big Ben, now, but most people also call the clock and clock tower the same name, as it makes more sense than calling it the clock or the clock tower) in London, despite the fact that it's the world's most famous clock, is over 150 years old and has been used in location-establishing shots in television shows and movies for decades! Phenomenally stupid enough to think people are that gullible or mentally ill to the point where they believe they can lie to whoever they want with no consequences and if someone complains about it, they'll attempt to convince the patient they're wrong for complaining? Or, perhaps both? You decide.
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Other differences in my appearance: I have a permanently damaged back, knees (<sarcasm title="Yes, I'm being sarcastic."><font color="#99cc33">thank you, United States military</font></sarcasm>) and heel spurs and am (still a little) overweight (three guesses why it's hard for me to get exercise, although I'm changing my diet and have lost ~1/3 of my total body weight). If I walk a little differently or seem a little disconnected blame the physical stuff for the first and the prescription drugs and pain for the other.
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Why I am the way I am. Since I don't know how much time I have left (does anyone, really?) and with the kind of healthcare I have (you get a set amount for glasses, but, the places they send you to charge you a very high amount just for the lenses) is the kind where it (so far) takes doctor's offices years just to make a copy of my medical records while the health concerns I have are ignored while I live in constant pain so . . . I felt I should try to explain myself a little and as briefly as I can. Although I realize that very few people care about anyone but themselves, there might be a few who do care about others and have wondered about me. Hope you can be patient, because this isn't easy for me and . . . I don't really like the memories it brings up. If you don't like hearing about bad things happening to others, or, like many, don't care, keep scrolling.
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Inside, I'm like a puppy who's been kicked and beaten every day for as long as it can remember. But, it's more than that . . . Buried extremely deep within me is a small child who sits in a tiny, heavy box, curled up in as tight a ball as possible who shakes in fear and tries really, really hard to keep himself from screaming endlessly in terror. All the physical and emotional abuse he's suffered plays out in a repeating loop within his mind. Everything from when he was very little which included incidents like a father who kidnapped him and hit him so hard he bounced off the opposite wall of a room, another who hit him in the side of the head with a baseball bat, causing permanent severe damage inside, having things screamed at him like "I wish you were never born," being beaten almost every day (and sometimes multiple times each day) with things like yardsticks (until they broke) and belts (they liked using the buckle end and it wasn't just the butt they hit when they wanted to hurt him) and being attacked with a thick wooden board and an iron skillet, and he wondered during the worst times if this was the time he would die and, if he was still awake after, and could move, hid somewhere and cried from the pain as he bled and tried not to move too much, fearing broken bones. His earliest memory was of holding a bobbypin in an electrical outlet, unable to let go and feeling his fingers burn and hearing a woman who may've been his mother laughing as he screamed. When he tried to draw, he drew people without arms because he was never hugged and didn't want to be and those who approached him made him want to scream and run away.
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People talk of monsters in movies as if they're frightening, but, I've known since I was very little that <b><u>humans are the true monsters</u></b>. To me, humans are every monster you've ever heard of including every serial killer, and every cruel and sadistic soldier who believed what he was doing was morally okay no matter what it was all rolled into one. <b><u>That</u></b> is how I see people and I'm surrounded by billions of them.
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In my life, I've been poisoned (one time was in the military), been the victim of food tampering (which is a felony, and, in some places in the United States, the criminal can get put in prison for 20 years, and, in Florida, it's a first-degree felony under the Florida Anti-Tampering Act, which can get you a 30 year prison sentence even for the attempt, conspiring, changing the label, or claiming that something hadn't been tampered with) other ways, was physically and emotionally abused in school daily and often. On the bus and in classes, I was the one who sat in back because I learned I couldn't trust people behind me (and still don't) or anywhere, any time, really . . . Happy school memories? Maybe one involving people, but I was more happier being alone and reading books.
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Because of all the injuries (more permanent ones were the results of incidents in the military from those I was supposed to trust of higher rank than me), I don't walk that well, have next to zero social skills and rarely interact with people in public and am in an almost constant state of fear, the level of which is so great that drinking herbal teas and alcohol, using relaxation techniques and drugs like Xanax is like trying to put out a wildfire with a squirt gun AKA water pistol. Nothing I seem to do or say is right in anyone's eyes and even my appearance is wrong to, well, pretty much everyone. But, I try to wear funny T-shirts and sticky patches on my baseball cap which might get a smile out of others.
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Some look at me and convince themselves that I'm a fool or an idiot. That's okay with me. I actually prefer people to under-estimate me. They're not on their guard, they make silly mistakes that're easy to spot and tell lies that even a child can see through. I simply play dumb and give them more rope or line (whichever analogy you prefer), as I video-record them. The best use for such videos is posting them on-line under a different name, and, when someone asks about a company or store, give them the link or URL to the video (but, don't use the store name or employee name(s) in the title or description)! One of the doctors I showed the video (complete with audio) of one of the staff lying to my face was very shocked by what he saw, but, I told him this was pretty much normal behaviour for healthcare professionals to some of us. Never saw that member of the staff again, after that . . . Tempted to give out URLs to some of the higher-ups in some of the other places I've had similar or even worse encounters, but, I've been getting such great footage! LOL
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For many people, going through some of the above seems to turn them into psychopaths, but, with me, I guess it made me feel more (hearing about unfairness and those who hurt innocents affects me the most) and want to help others as much as I can (some examples: <a href="#what_i_try_to_do_to_help" title="Link to the section on this page and I do as much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)">Things I do to try to help others and the world</a>).
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Un-like some people, I don't do such things for fame (which would draw more attention to me), to make themselves or their organization or company look better to the public or truly expect any kind of reward and about the only thing I've ever asked for on my pages was maybe, if they could afford it, to donate a dollar (very few did) or to tell others about the page or site, hoping it would help still more people.
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Wouldn't know what to do with lots of money (and would be afraid it'd make me a target) and with my extreme social anxiety I wouldn't be able to handle fame.
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Can I be helped or get better? I've got extremely little hope of that (and hope sets me up for more disappointment, so, no hope in me, not even a little), and that little kid (my inner child?) which is inside a thick metal box is <b><u>never</u></b> coming out, as all the memories of the thousands of things he's suffered through has played in an ever-repeating loop within his mind for several years (and each new one is added to it).
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But, maybe you can try to convince others to not be so intolerant, cruel and sadistic, which might keep others from going through the same thing and quite possibly, becoming the monsters I've seen throughout my life.
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I guess . . . that's it. There were worst things that I'll keep to myself, but, you might be able to figure out some of it if you read a few of the Web pages here, like my <a href="stories.htm" title="Some are so short, they fit on a picture!">Short Stories</a> page. You can find more (and likely boring for you) details from my life here: <a href="whoami.htm" title="Super-boring, almost guaranteed.">Who Am I?</a>
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Life Rules
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<b>Public notice:</b></font> By interacting with me, anyone else or simply living, you agree to be bound (whether you've read them or not, just like all the other laws, rules and user agreements out there) by the <a href="liferules_life_rules_the_golden_rule_karma_multiplier.htm" title="Think of them as the Golden Rule with more detail added or a karma multiplier, administered by a 3rd party who you can be certain will enforce it!">Life Rules AKA LifeRules</a>, created to (hopefully!) make the world a better place.
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Because, quite frankly, it can use all the help it can get!
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What's real?
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Okay, before you start down my little rabbit hole to try some of the other Web pages here, just so you know, even if you don't have any proof that something exists, it doesn't mean that it's not real (ask any physicist!). Am I talking about <a href="deities.htm" title="Gods and goddesses from different times and places.">deities</a>, angels, little green men from Mars, lizardmen, invisible watchers (not to be confused with some people's ability to remotely activate your smart devices' microphone and camera) or all of the above and follow it with a couple of hashtags (AKA octothorpes AKA pound signs AKA hexes) such as #i'mreadytobelieve (or #imreadytobelieve or #i'm_ready_to_believe or #im_ready_to_believe)? That would be telling! ;-)
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Perhaps, more importantly, you should ask yourself if it's better to have someone give you the answers or to figure it out on your own.
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Didn't <u><b>quite</b></u> break my NDA, yet . . . But, I'm tempted to give you . . . AATIP (a typo?) for part of the answer. *cough* UAPTF *cough* Maybe I should look into that vaccination thing?
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Side note for coders, if you don't see the underscores you type (invisible underscore problem), use Ctrl+mouse scroll wheel. This also works with some Web browsers on Web pages with small text (but, it'll change the way the browser shows the page). You're welcome. :-)
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And, yes, that was an example! LOL
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Are We Alone in the Universe?
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Just a thought . . . Imagine, if you will, a more technologically-advanced species wants to test a lesser-developed species to see how it behaves with and treats members of its own species, how responsible it would be if given its own world upon which it depends on for its survival and how it treats lesser-developed species who share its home. Wouldn't it keep them from having conclusive proof of their existence, as that knowledge might influence how they behave? This could include shielding their area of space from any of their communications in a more advanced version of a Faraday cage and limiting how they see the universe.
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Imagine, also, that this more technologically-advanced species has the capability of monitoring all that every single person on the planet does, says and thinks (medical researchers have already made significant progress in this field of study).
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Too far-fetched, you say? But, isn't that essentially what humans do with animals, complete with artificial habitats and limiting their encounters with people?
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Now, think about what you've done to others and the rest of the world (including the environment) and imagine how it not only makes you appear but all of the members of your community, your country and even your entire species!
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Of course, there are humans who believe they're the only intelligent life in the multiverse (multiple universes), despite the fact that there are hundreds of billions of galaxies in just this universe and even the Milky Way galaxy has hundreds of billions of stars. Any human who believes that they're the only intelligent species in the universe or multiverse is egocentric on a (dare I say it?) cosmic scale! LOL
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Quick intro about this Web site
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If this is your first visit to my Web site, welcome! Some of the latest things that I have been up to or comment about can be found on my latest <a href="blog.htm" title="Cyberwolfman's Blogs">blog</a> pages. You can also <a href="https://www.facebook.com/cyberwolfman.cyberwolfman" target="_blank" title="Sometimes I'm more active there than here.">find me on Facebook</a>.
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If this page doesn't look right to you, check out the <a href="if_a_web_page_does_not_look_right_to_you.htm" title="If you're using micro$haft windoze, stop using internet explorer! LOL">If a Web Page Doesn't Look Right to You</a> page.
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Was going to put up some really cool coding tricks in this, but, didn't want to crash anyone's Web browser . . .
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<font size=+3><font color="royalblue">➢</font></font>
Attention mobile device users: This and many other pages on this Web site have <b><u>not</u></b> been optimized for small screens (many of these Web pages were made in the 1990s and they're all done using a text editor, as I'm a <b><u>very</u></b> old school coder, and I think that Web sites which use templates that make all the pages look the same except for some different text and pictures are . . . well, boring and soulless).
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Yes, I know, your mobile device is supposed to have 'high resolution', <u><b>but</b></u>, it is still a small screen. View this Web page on a regular monitor to see the difference. You have been duped into accepting something which you thought was a good deal but, it turned out to be something else. Wise up. School's out.
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On the plus side, the majority of the Web pages on this site have dark or black backgrounds which should have less drain on many mobile devices than if you were visiting Web sites with white backgrounds (which, oddly, many of the 'mobile friendly' Web pages are), since they have the RGB cranked up to 100% to produce the white colour. Why is it considered friendly to drain someone's battery faster?
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What I try to do to help
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I try to do the right thing, in both the real world and on-line, by helping people when I can, wherever I can. And, with this Web site, I have made help pages and give information. I try to live by the golden rule, when very few others seem to care about anyone but themselves (their main motivations are usually greed, power and what they think they can get with it and use your imagination on the latter) and are only nice to others when they want something out of them. Even on the <a href="helpcwm.htm" title="Where you can both help keep this Web site up and also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)">Help Cyberwolfman</a> page, I try to help others by providing links to places they can help those in need without having to pay a single penny. At least <b><u>I</u></b> can say I do my best to do what's right! :-)
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<a href="https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/provider-covid-vaccine-factsheet.pdf" target="_blank" title="Link to the HHS (Health and Human Services) Web site's pdf file which might either open in a new browser tab or ask if you want to download it.">COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet</a>. Although it's written for providers, it's information you can use. Just remember though: If you've already been infected (even if you don't have symptoms, yet, you still might have already been infected and you can spread it even before you have symptoms), it's too late to get vaccinated! Many have died in the hospital, after finally realizing they should've gotten vaccinated. But, by then, it was too late for them. If you want a tip that might save your life and you're willing to listen, when the more infectious variants start up, if you absolutely don't have to go out or travel, don't. If you go to an event, visit with family or feel the urge to go someplace (especially don't go by aeroplane when the more infectious strains come out, because if airline employees like flight attendants, pilots and baggage handlers get sick, flights will be delayed or canceled and you could be sitting in an airport with many other people (for several hours or even days!) who could've been infected), you could infect others or be infected yourself (even if nobody's showing symptoms).
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As for the six-foot distancing rule . . . it's rubbish, as Kimberly Prather and Linsey Marr showed that a particle as small as five microns (and anything larger than that was believed to be filtered out by the mucus in your throat and nostrils) can travel <b><u>hundreds</u></b> of feet, so, if you were wearing a mask, didn't touch any surfaces and <b><u>still</u></b> got Covid-19, now you know how. The CDC? They only admit to it on one page, this one: <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/sars-cov-2-transmission.html#anchor_1619805184733" target="_blank" title="The only page I could find where it's mentioned on the entire CDC site.">Scientific Brief: SARS-CoV-2 Transmission</a>, whereas their <a href="https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html" target="_blank" title="Yo, CDC! Update this page with the facts!">How COVID-19 Spreads</a> page (which claims you can only get COVID-19 via inhalation if you're within 6 feet) doesn't mention that very important fact (last checked on June 20th, 2021). But, I will, because I think it's important enough to tell you about it. Don't people's lives and health matter to the CDC?
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In regards to the five micron size: particles that size and smaller are considered aerosols (which is how measles, chickenpox and tuberculosis spreads), but, many sites won't tell you about that particle size, which I think is important for people to know as it might keep them from getting sick and possibly dying by relying on something that doesn't stop something that small or smaller.
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When will COVID stop? SARS-CoV-2 (which is what caused COVID-19 AKA coronavirus disease 2019) and others like it will be around for a <b><u>very</u></b> long time, and, like other viruses, it changes, adapts and mutates into variants of itself in order to survive. Once infected, the only thing medical science can do was to try to manage their symptoms AKA symptom management, which is the kind of care you'll find in many countries with an inferior healthcare system such as the United States, especially if you're over 70. Unless you're rich and/or powerful (which, in the more corrupt countries, was equal to the same thing) . . . Want an example of a not-so-hypothetical situation? A very sick person goes into a hospital expecting to have their life saved. The shortage of staff is so bad, that, if the healthcare professionals give them the care they need, at least a few other people will die. So, what do you think happens in such a situation when the staff figure that out? Here's a better question: What happens if it's <b><u>you</u></b>? Don't think it's possible? Look up triage. Factors which staff use to decide who gets time spent on them and how much include how likely someone will die, how effective treating them will be and their remaining natural lifespan. If there's severely diminished resources, expect triage to more closely resemble that of the military's model in regards to code black or expectant (you're expected to die) cases.
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COVID conspiracies, disinformation agitprop and fake news: Don't believe the rumours. Get the facts by doing fact-checking. Isolated incidents and manufactured lies are most definitely <b><u>not</u></b> factual. Like I said above, if you spread fake rumours, you mark yourself as a liar. If you spread them, you mark yourself as a gullible fool. If you believe them, you mark yourself as an idiot who's likely to believe anything (and in the latter two cases will encourage others to try to scam you). Do yourself a favour and choose to be none of the above!
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Now, as for some people claiming that president Biden acted like a dictator when he said that people had to get vaccinated . . . Mandatory vaccinations for diseases in America date back to 1777 when George Washington ordered troops to get vaccinated (called variolation back then, and, a little trivia for you, the word vaccine got its name from the latin word for cow (vacca), and it started by giving people a little cowpox, as it was discovered that milkmaids who got it never got smallpox) for smallpox (he even encouraged his wife, Martha Washington, to get it) and the very same politicians who claimed that it was wrong to force people to get vaccinated also forced people (including schoolchildren) to get vaccinated against mumps, meningitis, rubella and varicella (which causes chickenpox). So . . . It's okay for those politicians to do it, but, it's not okay for the president of the United States? Words like hypocrisy come to mind . . .
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On a limited budget and need to organize your spending? Download or print up this <a href="budget_template_for_web_05_17_2014.jpg" title="Also has the URL of this site on it so you know where you got it! :-)">budget template</a> I made for you. :-)
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Having problems sleeping (most people do, except those who don't care about anyone but themselves) and could use some tips? Check out the <a href="sleep_tips_and_remville.htm" title="REM = Rapid Eye Movement, making REMville the land of sleep, get it? LOL Hope it'll help you! :-)">Sleep Tips and REMville</a> page.
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Need a laugh? Try my <a href="laffmach.htm" title="If you're like me, you laugh because you dare not cry . . .">Laugh Machine</a> page (one of the few pages I made which requires JavaScript to work right, which I usually kept off for years because of the pop-up ads everywhere). Created it back in the mid-1990s, when we had to use eight characters or less for files.
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Want something to read and only have a few minutes? Check out my <a href="stories.htm" title="Some are so short, they fit on a picture!">Short Stories</a> page.
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Want to read some inspiring or funny quotes? Visit the <a href="cool_quotes.htm" title="Many are about liberty and freedom. Some are just plain funny!">Cool Quotes</a> page.
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A hidden surprise that few see! Feeling nostalgic for the older micro$haft windoze operating systems? Anyone who types anything in the address bar above after the / that isn't the name of a file on my site will see it when they try to go to it. If you prefer a link, try my <a href="my_custom_404_page.htm" title="Those on a desktop can hit the F11 key for most Web browsers for a more realistic affect and the reasons section seems to get the most laughs.">Custom 404 Page</a>.
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And, yes, I should put the above on its own page . . . *Sighs* Always making more work for myself.
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Things I <b><u>used</u></b> to do to help others
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I paid people to learn! Gave cash prizes to the <a href="thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm" title="A list of the winners in my 3D world!">top trivia scorers</a> in my 3D world's (<a href="thisisit.htm" title="My 3D chat world, which I built myself and practically lived in for years.">This Is It</a>) trivia game every month for <b><u>years</b></u> using my own money to encourage people to learn, even though I was (and have been most of my adult life) living under the FPL AKA Federal Poverty Level. Why? Because I thought it was more important to help others than buy myself things I really didn't need.
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Created a virtual campus (my 3D world was made <b><u>years</u></b> before places like Second Life existed) called the Knowledge Infusion and Enhancement Matrix in the above-mentioned 3D world where people could learn a vast multitude of subjects all for free and at their own pace. In front of it, I made a sign which read "If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, YOU SUCK!"
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Created Web pages like the <a href="cov_city_of_villains_new_user_guide_helpful_tips.htm" title="A user guide for City of Villains with helpful tips.">New User Guide for City of Villains</a> (it used to be a separate game from City of Heroes with no way to switch and was the only way I could play a mastermind with controllable minions), a <a href="cov_city_of_villains_character_creation_help_guide.htm" title="Now out-of-date, was made for villain characters and has thumbnail pictures.).">Character Creation Help Guide</a> and a <a href="cov_coh_enhancements_city_of_villains_city_of_heroes_enhancement_comparison_guide.htm" title="Comparisons of enhancement strength in City of Heroes and City of Villains.">City of Heroes and City of Villains Enhancement Comparison Guide</a>, which might still be valid for the Homecoming City of Heroes game, but, there, you can now get SOs (Single-Origin enhancements) as early as level two . . .
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Site changes and (maybe) future plans
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<b>No more ads!</b></font>
My brief attempt to generate a few dollars to help pay for this Web site with a few ads here and there failed. Not a single penny was earned, so . . . No more ads! Or at least, until I find something that actually works.
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<b>Went back to the better front door look:</b></font>
The minimalist look was cramping my style. But, I took the flash movie off this page (it's now on the <a href="about.htm" title="About this site and an FAQ.">FAQ</a> page) and am limiting the graphics to very small pictures.
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
If you live in America, and have a slow and expensive Internet service, please check out the <a href="american_internet_slow_and_expensive_captive_audience_telecom_industry.htm" title="Cheaper Internet service and multiple suppliers is needed for the whole world so everyone has access to information and educational resources. :-)">The American Internet is Slow and Expensive because the Telecom Industry is treating Americans as a Captive Audience</a> page. Used to have it all here, but, putting it on its own page makes more sense.
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Coming soon: More Web pages! Just got done organizing the <a href="honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm" title="Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)">VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)</a> Web page, so, taking a break. Hey, I got <u>something</u> done, at least! ;-)
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The more immediate plans include a Web page with pictures of some of the events and places I went to (after I took some medication and drank some alcohol) the south Florida tattoo expo (it was nice to have met all of you!), a couple of pages with reviews of some renaissance fairs (Camelot days and the Florida Renaissance Festival) complete with pictures and video, a visit to the Coral Castle, along with a few other surprises!
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
While grateful for what I have (if you've ever been homeless (I've been homeless twice) you'd know how grateful I am to have a roof over my head), I could use a few basic essentials . . .
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
I'm hoping to catch up with stuff after I can see small details again (like text in a text editor or icons and other details in a video editor) without pain. <sarcasm title="Yes, I'm being sarcastic."><font color="#99cc33">Maybe someday they'll figure out how to permanently fix people's eyes and I can do something else besides watching movies and television shows and will be able to code or use a program without pain?</font></sarcasm> LOL
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
Also would like a pair of new shoes that fit me and don't hurt to walk in. Unfortunately, I can't find them at the local discount chain stores, where they only sell up to '14 wide' which is too small for my feet!
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
If I was allowed a 3rd thing, it would be a new <a href="home_kitchen_sink.jpg" TITLE="Haven't used it for years, and can't afford to replace it.">kitchen sink</a>.
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">*</font></font>
So many people want riches and power, but me? I just want to be able to read without pain, have shoes that I can wear that don't hurt and have a kitchen sink I can use! LOL
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Although, technically, not a luxury, another thing I'd add to my silly (and impossible for me to get) wish list is about as far out of my budget as the moon AKA Luna. If I was one of the super-rich who had thousands of dollars to spare, I'd like a new septic drain field and maybe a new septic tank and system. It'd be nice to take a quick shower without water backing up out of the drain, covering my feet.
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One of the events I went to was the Florida Renaissance Festival, on March 7th, 2015. It was a little too warm and humid for my taste, so, I wasn't thinking too clearly for most of it, but, I tried to catch some of the acts while enjoying the sweet cider there, but, truth be told, I would have rather had the blueberry beer they served at the Camelot Days Medieval Festival at Topeekeegee Park (AKA TY Park) in Hollywood, Florida.
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Another time I went to the Florida Renaissance Festival was on February 8th, 2014, where I met people like Garrett, Steve and Wiz, among many others. While there, I saw acts such as Craic, MooNIE the Magnificent, Celtic Mayhem, Broon, Limey Birds, the Duelists, Trash or Treasure, and Wolgemut. Each of these acts are different, but, they are all entertaining.
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Some of the more frequently visited pages that people are looking for here are either listed in the upper left hand corner of this page, or in the featured pages on the right. Quick tip: Click on a Web page's background (at least on <u><b>my</b></u> site, it's safe to do so, but, you might get a pop-up ad on other sites) and hit the Home key on your keyboard to go to the top of the page. The rest are on the <a href="sitemap.htm" title="Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.">Site Map</a> page where almost all of my Web pages are arranged in alphabetical order.
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You are very welcome. :-)
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It may be time for me to give up . . .
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After years of trying, of spending so much of my spare time and money in an attempt to make the world a better place, the world and the people in it only seem to get worse. My struggles have left me very tired, weak, frustrated, and, if I was being honest, few would miss me if I was gone. But, I never fit in, anyway . . .
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<b>Warning:</b></font> While I've told a few people about this, already, and tried to warn people about it on different parts of my Web site, there will be increased violence, soon (yes, more). Some of the mass shootings will be done by lone gunmen, while others will be committed by groups of three or more.
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Some of the mass shootings sites will be at schools, where the shooter(s) either suffered physical and/or emotional abuse (see my <a href="school_violence.htm" title="Mostly intolerance, bullying, teasing, and hazing">School Violence: What Causes School Violence</a> page for details about that sort of thing, which I started decades ago and gave up on updating it since nobody was listening), doesn't like the skin colour and/or religion of those who attend those schools or they just want easy targets AKA soft targets. Some sites of mass shooting will be parties or bars where loud music is playing. Other sites will be places of work or worship. There will also be mass shootings at stores, both well-known and locally-owned grocery stores. In the latter cases (the places of worship like churches or stores), the shooter(s) chose these sites because those in the neighbourhood were of a specific skin colour and/or religion and were very easy targets, usually only with a security officer or off-duty or retired police officer providing security who was easy to spot.
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Of course, those I told about this rolled their eyes at me or judged me solely on my appearance (one was a security officer at a Florida Publix grocery store), but, that always happens. However, when I have to choose between warning people of dangers, like I've done often in the past and getting the usual response or waiting until these things happen, I'll almost always choose the former and not the latter. I've had a Cassandra complex for years! <sarcasm title="Yes, I'm being sarcastic."><font color="#99cc33">Just can't understand why . . .</font></sarcasm> Maybe this will enlighten someone: <a href="my_philosophy_on_life_and_what_the_future_holds.htm" title="My philosophy on life and what the future holds">My Thoughts on Life and the Future</a>.
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Right. I said 'almost' didn't I? Well, you'll figure it out, soon enough. After all, some things just aren't believed without enough proof, and, if it sounds too strange, you'll likely be locked up somewhere for 'observation' and if it happens shortly after you tell them about it you'll be arrested, interrogated and probably locked up. And, seriously, when it comes to karma, I'm doing far more for others than people have done for me. Or, at least I'm trying to . . . It's really not <b><u>my</u></b> fault when people don't listen.
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<br>
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<a name="entrance"></a>
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<font color=#000000>
Choose Your Entrance
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<font size=+2><font color="#33ff00">☛</font></font>
For a more complete list, please try the <a href="sitemap.htm" title="Lists almost all of my Web pages.">Site Map</a> page, or the <a href="main.htm" title="The main page of this site. If the name didn't tip you off. But, not advisable for those with slow Internet connections or who may be overly serious.">Main page</a>, which doesn't list all the pages, but, is more interesting to look at than the Site Map page which is almost all links.
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<table style="border:15px ridge skyblue;cellspacing:10;width:90%;background-color:black;">
<tbody><tr>
<td><font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif"><font size="-1"><font color=ffffff></font>☆ <a href="sitemap.htm" title="Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.">Site Map</a> ☆ <a href="main.htm" title="The main page of this site. If the name didn't tip you off.">Main page</a> ☆ <a href="south_florida_entertainment_review.htm" title="South Florida Entertainment Review by Cyberwolfman">South Florida Entertainment Review</a> ☆ <a href="nikola_tesla.htm" TITLE="Nikola Tesla gave us AC power, invented the radio, spark plug, VTOL, et cetera.">Nikola Tesla</a> ☆ <a href="thisisit.htm" title="My 3D chat world, where you can sometimes find me when I'm on-line.">This Is It</a> ☆ <a href="healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm" title="Healthcare reform information and discusses universal healthcare and public healthcare plans">United States of America Healthcare Reform and Universal Healthcare Public Plan</a> ☆ <a href="mmorpg_coh_city_of_heroes_review.htm" TITLE="City of Heroes AKA CoH Review.">City of Heroes Review</a> ☆ <a href="internet_help.htm" title="Free Internet help, tips and tricks, Web browser tips, privacy, and security.">Internet Help</a> ☆ <a href="cool_quotes.htm" title="Cool quotes mostly about liberty and freedom.">Cool Quotes</a> ☆ <a href="sleep_tips_and_remville.htm" title="Sleep tips and insomnia help">Sleep Tips and REMville</a> ☆ <a href="honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm" title="Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)">VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)</a> ☆ <a href="emailprv.htm" title="Use strong encryption to keep your email private.">E-mail Privacy / PGP</a> ☆ <a href="rprsdtec.htm" title="Technology that is kept hidden from you!">Repressed Technology</a> ☆ <a href="id_chip_implants.htm" title="Real ID chip implants: Privacy, RFID chip implants, what ID chips report.">ID Chip Implants</a> ☆ <a href="3d_chat.htm" title="3D chat is about as close as you're going to get to full VR immersion on a PC.">3D Chat: 3D Chat Programs Reviewed</a> ☆ <a href="truth_about_humans.htm" title="Why I don't trust humans!">The Truth about humans</a> ☆ <a href="stories.htm" title="Some of my short stories. :-)">Stories</a> ☆ <a href="school_violence.htm" title="Mostly intolerance, bullying, teasing, and hazing">School Violence: What Causes School Violence</a> ☆ <font color=#ff0000>☠</font> <a href="alice_cooper.htm" title="Alice Cooper the king of shock rock!">Alice Cooper</a> <font color=#ff0000>☠</font> ☆ <font color=#00ff00>☢</font> <a href="green_lasers.htm" title="Green lasers and why you shouldn't point them at airplanes">Green Lasers</a> <font color=#00ff00>☢</font> ☆ <a href="cwmtriv.htm" title="Have some fun, and maybe learn a little, too!">Trivia</a> ☆ <font color=skyblue>☺</font> <a href="laffmach.htm" title="In case you need a laugh.">Laugh Machine</a> <font color=skyblue>☺</font> ☆ <a href="winmx_help.htm" title="Free WinMX help, tips to search better, and more!">WinMX Help</a> ☆ <a href="bloomington-normal_illinois_dining_guide.htm" title="Guide to dining in Bloomington Normal IL">Bloomington-Normal Illinois Dining Guide</a> ☆ <a href="bloomington-normal_illinois_bars.htm" title="Reviews of Bloomington Normal IL (Illinois) bars">Bloomington-Normal Illinois Bars</a> ☆ <a href="hospital_reviews.htm" TITLE="Honest hospital reviews by a patient.">Hospital Reviews</a> ☆ <a href="hospital_reviews_florida_hospitals_review.htm" TITLE="Honest reviews of Florida hospitals by a patient.">Florida Hospitals Review</a> ☆</font></td>
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<br>
<br>
<a name="pictures_pages"></a>
<br>
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<h4>
<font color=#000000>
Pictures pages (more on the <a href="sitemap.htm" title="Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.">Site Map</a> page)
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<a href="cwmpix.htm">Cyberwolfman's Pix #1</a>.
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<a href="cwmpix2.htm">Cyberwolfman's Pix #2</a>.
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<a href="cwmpix3.htm">Cyberwolfman's Pix #3</a>. Pictures taken in the <a href="3daw.htm">ActiveWorlds</a> 3D chat program.
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<p>
<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<a href="cwmpix4.htm">Cyberwolfman's Pix #4</a>. Back to the real world. Includes Halloween pictures, party pictures, more pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois including events, people, and theaters.
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<a href="cwmpix5.htm">Cyberwolfman's Pix #5</a>. Pictures of fountains, buildings, and people, including some radio D.J.s.
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</p>
<p>
<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<a href="cwmpix6.htm" title="Pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois">Cyberwolfman's Pix #6</a>. More pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois, including a multiple-car accident, skateboarders in a parking garage, pictures of the inside of the nearly totally abandoned College Hills Mall and a picture of the Miller Park lake showing it almost perfectly still and mirror-like.
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
My next pictures page should include pictures taken in south Florida.
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</blockquote>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<br>
<a name="search_this_site"></a>
<br>
<br>
<h4>
<font color=#000000>
Search this site:
</font>
</h4>
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<p>
<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<font color="#330000"><b>To search this Web site:</b></font> Most newer Web browsers such as the TOR Browser (for some privacy, but, that's definitely not guaranteed and don't log in anywhere with it and it won't work with some sites) or Firefox come with a search engine box next to the address bar, or allow you to search from the address bar itself in Web browsers like Chromium (the open source Web browser that Google Chrome gets its source code from, but, un-like Google Chrome, it does not (at the time of this writing) contain rlz tracking). If you are looking for something on my Web site, simply make certain that search box AKA field is clear, type the word that you are trying to find, and, after a single space, add "site:cyberwolfman.com" (without the quotes) at the end. If you are looking for a phrase, put a quote mark (yes, <u>now</u> it's okay to use the quotes. Hee hee hee) on each end of the phrase, first, then, a space, and type in site:cyberwolfman.com and hit the Enter key.
</font>
</p>
<p>
<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
When you get to the Web page, use the Ctrl+f key combination to search for what you're looking for on that page, to save yourself some reading time.
</font>
</p>
<p>
<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
Congratulations! You have learned a couple of new tricks today (if you didn't know them, already), and you can now find what you want on the Web faster, which means you have more time to spend on other things, and you won't get frustrated by looking through countless Web pages for what you want, and, in a fit of rage, shove your keyboard through the monitor, or throw your smart device in the lake and count how many times it skips.
</font>
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
You are very welcome. If you appreciate this kind of thing, please consider donating a single dollar to help keep this Web site running, and encourage me to do more by going to the <a href="helpcwm.htm" title="Where you can both help keep this Web site up and also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)">Help Cyberwolfman</a> page, where you can also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)
</font>
</p>
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<br>
<center>
<a href="helpcwm.htm#help_others" target="_blank"><img src="helpcwm.jpg" title="Click here to help others around the world for free! :-)" border="0" height="100" width="100"></a>
</center>
<BR>
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<CENTER>
<p><a href="helpcwm.htm"><img SRC="helpcwm2.jpg" title="Where YOU can help this site and people the world over for free! :-)" BORDER=0 height=93 width=523></a>
</CENTER>
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<font face="trebuchett ms,trebuchet,verdana,sans-serif">
<div style="margin-left: 10px;"><small><font color="#000000"> *VidScans™ Honest Movie Reviews™ Honest TV Show Reviews™ Copyright © Cyberwolfman™ AKA CyberWoLfman™ AKA Grok Wolf. All Rights Reserved. <font color="#ffffff">ᛇ ᛃ</font></font></font></small></div>
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<h5>
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Featured Pages:
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</center>
</h5>
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<td>
<a href="climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm"><img SRC="tn_climate_change_sea_level_rise_global_warming_sea_level_rise_155_wide.jpg" alt="Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown and Sea Level Rise!" title="Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels" border=0 height=155 width=155></a>
<br>
<p>
<center>
<a href="climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm" title="Can humans control their greed before it's too late?">Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels</a>
</center>
</p>
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</table>
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<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="whats_wrong_with_america_and_how_to_fix_it.htm"><img src="tn_whats_wrong_with_america_155_wide.jpg" alt="What's Wrong with America picture" title="Click to go to the What's Wrong with America page" border=0 height=109 width=155></a>
<br>
<p>
<center>
<a href="whats_wrong_with_america_and_how_to_fix_it.htm" title="Click to go to the What's Wrong with America and How to Fix It page">What's Wrong with America</a>
</center>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm"><img src="tn_healthcare_reform_155_wide.jpg" alt="Healthcare Reform page picture" title="Click to go to the Healthcare Reform page" border=0 height=155 width=155></a>
<br>
<p>
<center>
<a href="healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm" title="Click to go to the Healthcare Reform page">Healthcare Reform</a>
</center>
</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<br>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="water_safe_drinking_water_tap_water_versus_bottled_water.htm"><img src="tn_water_safety_155_wide.jpg" alt="Drinking Water Safety" title="How safe is the water you drink, and do you REALLY want to know?" border=0 height=146 width=155></a>
<br>
<p>
<center>
<a href="water_safe_drinking_water_tap_water_versus_bottled_water.htm" title="How safe is the water you drink, and do you REALLY want to know?">Drinking Water Safety</a>
</center>
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<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="3d_chat.htm"><img src="tn_3d_chat_programs_155_wide.jpg" alt="3D Chat Programs picture" title="Click to go to the 3D Chat Programs Review page" border=0 height=146 width=155></a>
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<p>
<center>
<a href="3d_chat.htm"title="Click to go to the 3D Chat Programs Review page">3D Chat Programs</a>
</center>
</p>
</td>
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</table>
<br>
<table>
<tr>
<td>
<a href="howl.htm"><img SRC="tn_howl_155_wide.jpg" alt="Howl" title="Werewolves, wolves, and teaches you how to howl!" border=0 height=154 width=155></a>
<br>
<p>
<center>
<a href="howl.htm" title="Werewolves, wolves, and teaches you how to howl!">Howl!</a>
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</p>
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</table>
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|
Cyberwolfman's Web Asylum! - Welcome Page
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@import "css\_cwm\_asy\_green\_binary\_banner\_2014.css";
body {background: #333300}
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[](whoami.htm)
[Front Door The front door of this site. Not much to it, but, a good start point.](index.htm)
[Main Page More interesting than the front door but, also, more busier. Not a Web page for the overly serious or those with very slow connections.](main.htm)
[Site Map A list of most of the pages on this site.](sitemap.htm)
[This Is It! ♥ My 3D world. Check it out! It also includes screen shots.](thisisit.htm)
[Who Am I? What am I like, what **do** I like, and what kind of a person am I? These and other burning questions I hope to answer for you here.](whoami.htm)
[FAQ FAQ = Frequently Asked Questions. Answers the questions most people have about this site.](about.htm)
[Contact Explains how you can contact me.](contact.htm)
* [Site Menu!](sitemap.htm "Put your mouse over each to see them, or expand.")
+ [This Is It!](thisisit.htm "♥ This Is It! My 3D world, my virtual home on the Internet! ♥")
- [ThisIsIt Top Trivia Scorers](thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm "The top scorers in This Is It's trivia!")
- [OW Persona Non Grata](persona_non_grata_outerworlds.htm "Jerks that aren't welcome in my world.")+ [Song Lyrics](song_lyrics.htm "Lyrics to songs.")
- [Information High](information_high.htm "From the anime movie Macross Plus")+ [AW Experience](awtips.htm "My ActiveWorlds Experience.")
- [Who I am in AW](awtauth.htm "Basic background.")
- [The truth about gor in ActiveWorlds](awtgor.htm "The gors / goreans in AW have slavery and there's serial killers here, too! :-(")
- [Truth about gor in ActiveWorlds II](awtgorud.htm "More of the same.")
- [ActiveWorlds Buzz](awtbuzz.htm "What's going on in ActiveWorlds.")
- [AW Persona Non Grata](thisnot.htm "People like the gors / goreans that I consider to be jerks.")
- [ActiveWorlds Basics](awtbasic.htm "What people usually need help with.")
- [Building in ActiveWorlds](awtbuild.htm "AW building tips.")
- [ActiveWorlds Pictures](cwmpix3.htm "Pictures taken in the ActiveWorlds program.")
- [Improving ActiveWorlds](awtimprv.htm "Suggestions I have to improve the ActiveWorlds program.")
- [Improving AWGate](awtgate.htm "Suggestions to make AWGate better.")
- [ActiveWorlds Guides](awguides.htm "What the AW Guides are like.")
- [My ActiveWorlds expressions](awtexp.htm "Things I said a lot in AW for kicks.")
- [ActiveWorlds Inc.](awtaw.htm "AWLD complaints.")
- [The Day the Tourists Died](awttour.htm "ActiveWorlds kills all the tourists by not letting people try the program for free. :-(")
- [Trusting people in ActiveWorlds](awttrust.htm "Just say no!")
- [AW Crackers and Script-Kiddies](awtcrack.htm "The difference between them is skill. Keeping your computer secure in ActiveWorlds.")
- [AW Trojan Horse Programs](awttrojn.htm "Password stealing bots and other dangerous toys.")
- [Miscellaneous AW stuff](awtmistf.htm "Miscellaneous things that didn't fit in elsewhere.")+ [My POV](my_pov.htm "Where I give my POV on this, that, and the other thing.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Blog](blog.htm "My Blog.")
* [2007 Blog](blog_2007.htm "2007 Blog.")
* [2006 Blog](blog_2006.htm "2006 Blog.")
* [2005 Blog](blog_2005.htm "2005 Blog.")
* [2004 Blog](blog04.htm "2004 Blog.")
* [2003 / 2002 Blog](blog0203.htm "2003 / 2002 Blog.")- [VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)](honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm "Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)")
* [An American Werewolf in Paris](american_werewolf_paris_movie_review.htm "Want to bungie-jump off the Eiffel Tower with me? ;-)")
* [Barb Wire](barb_wire_movie_review.htm "Pamela Anderson in an action movie.")
* [Beavis and Butthead do America](beavis_butthead_america_movie_review.htm "An MTV cartoon on the big screen.")
* [Doctor Dolittle](doctor_dolittle_movie_review.htm "Eddie Murphy as Dr. Dolittle.")
* [Dragonheart](dragonheart_movie_review.htm "Fantasy / comedy with special effects.")
* [Elf](elf_movie_review.htm "A human raised by elves")
* [The Fifth Element](fifth_element_movie_review.htm "A violent but funny view of the future, starring Bruce Willis.")
* [Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire](vidscans_harry_potter_and_the_goblet_of_fire_movie_review.htm "This Harry Potter movie left a lot of the good stuff out.")
* [Hitch Hikers Guide to the Galaxy](hitch_hikers_guide_to_the_galaxy_movie_review.htm "Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy movie review (US title) of the mini-series (1981)")
* [Star Trek: First Contact](star_trek_first_contact_movie_review.htm "The movie showing the first warp-capable starship!")
* [Independence Day](independence_day_movie_review.htm "They didn't come in peace, but they left in pieces.")
* [Paulie](paulie_movie_review.htm "The story of a parrot with more brains than most humans.")
* [Clive Barker's Saint Sinner](clive_barkers_saint_sinner_review.htm "A monk from the Middle Ages time-travels to our time.")
* [The Stupids](stupids_movie_review.htm "Truth in advertising with this title. The movie really sucked!")
* [Titanic](titanic_movie_review.htm "They thought it was un-sinkable. Silly humans! LOL")
* [Twelve Monkeys](twelve_monkeys_movie_review.htm "Bruce Willis time-travels into the past to stop a biological attack.")
* [Underworld](underworld_movie_review.htm "Vampires versus Werewolves!")- [Bloomington-Normal Illinois Bars](bloomington-normal_illinois_bars.htm "Reviews of Bloomington Normal IL (Illinois) bars.")
* [Cellar II](review_cellar_2.htm "A review of the Cellar II bar in Normal IL")
* [Mulligans](review_mulligans_downtown_bloomington_il_bar.htm "Review of Mulligans bar in downtown Bloomington IL")- [Bloomington-Normal Dining Guide](bloomington-normal_illinois_dining_guide.htm "Dining guide for Bloomington Normal Illinois")
* [Pumpernickel's Deli & Eatery](review_pumpernickels_deli_eatery.htm "A review of Pumpernickel's Deli and Eatery")- [3D Chat Programs Review](3d_chat.htm "3D chat programs reviewed and listed in order of how good they are.")
* [OuterWorlds](3dow.htm "OuterWorlds Review")
* [Worlds.com/WorldsChat.](3dworlds.htm "WorldsChat Review.")
* [There.com](3dthere.htm "If you've seen The Sims Online, the style is similar.")
* [DreamlandPark](3ddlp.htm "A strange and interesting place.")
* [Peace City / Peace City 3D](3dpeace.htm "Innovative and artistic people. In fact, many of them are artists!")
* [ActiveWorlds](3daw.htm "One of the worst 3D chat programs there is. It has slavery in it, too! :-(")
* [CyberNet Worlds](3dcnw.htm "Another bad one. Slavery in it, as well.")
* [Cybertown](3dctown.htm "They try hard, but the program needs serious help!")
* [Cyboria](3dcybor.htm "This one showed promise, but then it went belly-up.")
* [PlasticPlanet](3dpp.htm "The program that wouldn't work with a firewall. LOL")- [MMO, MMOG, MMORPG Reviews](mmo_mmog_mmorpg_reviews.htm "Reviews of MMOs, MMOGs, and MMORPGs.")
* [City of Villains Review](mmorpg_cov_city_of_villains_review.htm "City of Villains AKA CoV Review.")
+ [CoV / City of Villains Blacklist](cov_city_of_villains_blacklist.htm "CoV AKA City of Villains Blacklist of people not to trust or team with!")
+ [CoV Jerks Details](city_of_villains_cov_jerks_details.htm "Details of why I think they're jerks!")* [City of Heroes Review](mmorpg_coh_city_of_heroes_review.htm "City of Heroes AKA CoH Review.")
* [CoH / City of Heroes Blacklist](coh_city_of_heroes_blacklist.htm "CoH AKA City of Heroes Blacklist people not to trust or team with!")- [IMHO](imho.htm "IMHO = In My Humble Opinion. This is where I rant and rave.")
* [My Thoughts on Life and the Future](my_philosophy_on_life_and_what_the_future_holds.htm "My philosophy on life and what the future holds")
* [Star Trek: Voyager Joke](voygjoke.htm "Humans, compassionate? LOL")
* [Would the Government Warn You?](would_the_government_warn_you.htm "If something very bad was going to happen?")
* [The Biggest Polluter](worlds_biggest_polluter.htm "The US military??")
* [Sliders TV Show Survival Tips](slidetip.htm "How to survive in alternate realities.")
* [Products and Services I'd Like to See](products.htm "You can't always get what you want.")
* [Mozilla / Netscape wish list](netscape.htm "Web browser wish list.")
* [School Violence: Causes](school_violence.htm "What the media refuses to tell you!")
* ['Volunteer' programs](volunter.htm "If they force you to work, you're not volunteering.")
* [Snobs](snobs.htm "It's not open season on them... yet.")
* [Drivers killing bicyclists](drivbike.htm "Maybe a Stinger missile would change their minds?")
* [Cop Complaints](copcompl.htm "Besides what I've written elsewhere.")
* [Greedy businesses](greedy_businesses.htm "This is why we can never get ahead!")
* [Secretive Doctors](secretive_doctors.htm "They don't think they have to tell you anything.")
* [Insight Communications complaints](attcompl.htm "How much can they screw you over?")- [Freedom!](freedom.htm "Similar to IMHO, but with adult topics.")
* [Americans are sheep!](americans_are_sheep_sheeple.htm "Seems like it, anyway.")
* [ID Chip Implants](id_chip_implants.htm "That's right. We're all getting tagged, whether we like it, or not! :-(")
* [UDHR](humnrhts.htm "The US doesn't recognize the Universal Declaration of Human Rights!")
* [Banks Spying on You](bankspy.htm "They report your activity to the government")
* [Political Honesty](polthnst.htm "The short memories of voters keeps politicians in office")
* [The Price of Freedom and Liberty](pricfrdm.htm "People died and sacrified everything so you could have it")
* [Censorship](censorship.htm "To control how and what you think, they control what you can read")
* [Living Forever Young](live4evr.htm "They're keeping the information off the news")
* [The Return of Prohibition](alcohol_prohibition.htm "Alcohol is on its way to becoming prohibited, again")
* [The Banning of Tobacco](tobcprhb.htm "Better stop smoking before you have to pay more for something illegal")
* [Americans are Prudes!](americans_are_prudes.htm "Adult entertainment is slowly becoming illegal, too")
* [Gun Prohibition is Coming!](gunprohb.htm "They don't want you to defend yourself and your family")
* [Atrocities](atrocits.htm "Cruelty and injustice")
* [Freedom and Liberty Links](fredlinx.htm "Banned books on-line, Libertarians, Echelon, World's Smallest Political Quiz, and more!")+ [Stories](stories.htm "My short stories. They take about 5 - 10 minutes to read, each.")
- [A Wolf's Tale](wolftale.htm "My first story!")
- [The Wolf That Fell Into A War](wolfbomb.htm "A wolf sees war on a personal level.")
- [The Tree](thetree.htm "A little sappy. Pun intended.")
+ [CyberWoLfman's Pix](cwmpix.htm "My picutres pages.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Pix #1](cwmpix.htm "The 1st set of pictures are the oldest.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Pix #2](cwmpix2.htm "From the late 1990's.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Pix #3](cwmpix3.htm "Pictures taken in the ActiveWorlds program.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Pix #4](cwmpix4.htm "Back to the real world. Pictures in Bloomington-Normal Illinois.")
- [CyberWoLfman's Pix #5](cwmpix5.htm "More real world pictures, some in bars.")
+ [The Fun Zone](fun_zone.htm "Fun stuff to read and do! :-)")
- [Alice Cooper](alice_cooper.htm "Alice Cooper, the king of shock rock!")
- [Cool Quotes](cool_quotes.htm "Cool Quotes. Liberty, libertarian and freedom related, but some fun quotes, too!")
- [Howl](howl.htm "Werewolves, wolves, and tells you how to howl.")
- [Laugh Machine](laffmach.htm "This laugh machine will tell you jokes! LOL")
- [Trivia](cwmtriv.htm "A simple Web page trivia game you can play against yourself.")
- [Nikola Tesla](nikola_tesla.htm "Nikola Tesla gave us AC power, invented the radio, spark plug, VTOL, et cetera.")
- [Kevin Mitnick](mitnick.htm "What I'd do it I were him after finally getting back on the Internet after 3 years.")
- [NSA Joke](http://[email protected]/nsajoke.htm "It's the National Security Agency. Trust me! ;-)")
+ [Internet Help](internet_help.htm "Tells you how to do things like turning off pop-up ads!")
- [CSS and Web Browser History](css_web_browsers_history.htm "Why Mozilla's Firefox is cool and why you shouldn't Web surf with Internet Explorer.")
- [E-mail Privacy](emailprv.htm "How to encrypt your e-mails to keep them private.")
- [WinMX Help](winmx_help.htm "Using WinMX, a file-sharing program.")
- [Internet Attacks](intatck.htm "To avoid them, think paranoid.")
- [Search](search.htm "Search engines and Internet directories.")
+ [Datafeed](datafeed.htm)
- [Green Lasers](green_lasers.htm "Green lasers and why you shouldn't point them at airplanes")
- [Repressed Technology](rprsdtec.htm "You won't believe the technology that they don't tell you about!")
- [Sleep Tips and REMville](sleep_tips_and_remville.htm "Gives sleep tips and insomnia help")
- [US National Hurricane Center](us_national_hurricane_center.htm "See the hurricanes on satellite pictures.")
- [Deities](deities.htm "Gods and Goddesses from different times and places.")
- [Mental Illness](mentilns.htm "Never call a suicide prevention line!")
- [Dutch to English Dictionary](dutch_to_english_dictionary.htm "Dutch words and phrases.")
- [Japanese to English Dictionary](japanese_to_english_dictionary.htm "Japanese words and phrases.")
- [Spanish to English Dictionary](spanish_to_english_dictionary.htm "Spanish words and phrases.")
+ [OW Experience](owtips.htm "My OuterWorlds Experience.")
- [OuterWorlds Basics](owtbasic.htm "OW new user's guide.")
- [OW Building Tips](owtbuild.htm "OuterWorlds building help.")
- [OuterWorlds Pictures](owtpix.htm "OW pictures taken in the program.")
- [OuterWorlds Buzz](owtnews.htm "What's going on in OW.")
- [OuterWorlds Who's Who](owtwho.htm "Who's who in OuterWorlds.")
+ [Site Stuff](about.htm "About this site and an FAQ.")
- [Who Am I?](whoami.htm "No, I'm NOT the anti-christ! LOL More like the Internet boogeyman...")
- [Credits](credits.htm "Who's responsible for what I am.")
- [Links](links.htm "Links to external sites.")
- [Spread the word!](tell_others_about_us.htm "Want to freak out some people? Tell them about this site and blow their minds. LOL")
- [True Love](truelove.htm "My version of a personal ad.")
+ [WorldsChat Experience](worlds.htm "WorldsPlayer, Worlds Ultimate 3D Chat, WorldsChat, et cetera.")
+ [Cyboria Experience](cyboria.htm "My life in the Cyboria 3D chat program.")
- [Cyboria Wish List](cybwish.htm "What I'd like to see in Cyboria.")
- [Cyboria Screen Shots](cybscren.htm "Pictures taken in the Cyboria program.")
+ [Holidays](holidays.htm "Holidays pages")
- [Happy Holidays](happy_holidays.htm "December-January holidays. Yule, Winter Solstice and those new ones, too.")
- [Merry Christmas](xmaslang.htm "Merry Christmas and happy holidays in different languages.")
#
:+: Welcome page / Front door :+:
Straitjacket optional ;-)
Abandon all hope, ye who enter here... of leaving sane! Mu-ha-ha-ha-ha-ha! Just kidding! I have no intent on causing you any kind of harm, and, in fact, spend a lot of my time trying to help others and make the world a better place! :-)
Just a few things you should know about me:
First: The essential philosophy I try to follow is summed up rather nicely by the sign I had placed in the 3D world I made in front of the virtual campus I created in it called the Knowledge Infusion/Enhancement Matrix: If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, ***you suck***!
Second: If you allow your greed, hatred and prejudices to over-ride your morality, what is it that differentiates you from any other animal? The fact that you collect luxury items and destroy the world for coloured pieces of paper that have no real value (fiat currency, which includes many currencies, including the American dollar)? Destroying your own habitat isn't a sign that you're more intelligent than other animals. Quite the contrary.
Third: Do you accept what other people tell you in the real world or on-line as the truth without verifying it for yourself? You're essentially allowing them to dictate what you believe and are little more than a slave. Get the facts for yourself. Learning how to learn is a good skill to have. And, while you're about it, teach others how, too! :-)
Addendum to the last one: Certain personality types, like those considered anti-social (which include psychopaths, sociopaths and narcissists), use tactics such as triangulation to deflect your attention away from something bad that they're doing onto someone else. The person could be there with them in the real world or on-line or could be elsewhere. In the latter case, you're told something about someone that probably isn't true and they believe you're gullible and/or stupid enough to accept their word for it, allowing them to control what you believe. If you find out that it's a lie, they'll laugh it off, claiming it was 'just a joke' or somesuch or try some other form of deflection. Besides, what kind of value do you place on someone who's simply trying to hurt other people's reputation or feelings? Your answer to that should be zero. Ignore what they say and move on. Their words, opinion and very existence is meaningless to you and it's likely that many other people already 'got their number.'
Fourth: I engage in video and audio sousveillance using hidden or obvious equipment. If you're in line-of-sight with me, it's almost guaranteed that you're being video and audio recorded and it might be streaming to the Internet, to an account not under the name of CyberWoLfman (for reasons that should be obvious), where many people can take a screenshot and do an image search (some dating apps have been doing this for years) to find out who you are. If you think you're anonymous and have a right to privacy in almost any place except maybe a restroom (which probably has hidden cameras put in by the management), think again. (And, there's people who take their electronic devices into their bedrooms and bathrooms, somehow not aware of the fact that they probably have cameras and microphones that can be remotely activated, never heard of signal triangulation (turning your GPS off doesn't keep others from knowing where you are) or believe that other people have a moral code! LOL) Governments, stores and corporations do this to you all the time with surveillance, so, an ordinary citizen also has the right to do it, especially since it's likely the only way to prove wrong-doing by others. And, as has been said for centuries, those who do evil fear the light, lest their works become known. If you're in a situation or a place where surveillance is obviously being done or is possible and someone gets flustered about you using video and/or audio recording or insist that you ask, first, it's a good bet you're about to be robbed, screwed over, insulted, hurt or possibly killed or a combination of all five. (Did the hypocrites ask **you** if they could put you under surveillance? Don't be the naive and gullible idiot who expects fairness from someone who isn't fair!) One of the most infamous examples of this hypocritical behaviour is the McVeillance incident involving Steve Mann. But, let's face it, [the true nature of humans](truth_about_humans.htm "Why I don't trust humans!") is to be cruel, sadistic, power-hungry, hypocritical and greedy a-holes, as anyone can verify when they see what they do when they're in a situation where they can gain power or money or engage in their natural sadistic urges and not have any consequences for their actions. Or, simply read history (while keeping in mind that most of it is slanted, sugar-coated, an outright lie or doesn't give the whole story and in many cases, is written by the victors and their victims are either dead or censored). The evil that humans do **always** outweighs the good they do, which is usually done for better PR for themselves or their organization.
Addendum to the fourth one: If you're an employee who's screwing over or lying to a customer or patient and you try relying on the superior orders excuse or claim you're just following orders, remember who else in history tried using that as an excuse to not have to worry about things like right and wrong . . . the nazis! Are you truly okay with having their same moral code or being seen as emulating them? Do your parents, neighbours, fellow employees and the school you graduated from know this about you? If not, they should be informed of it! For those who think such information is difficult to find (the genuine or bespoke information and not garbage created to get money out of suckers) or even learning who they are by just doing simple things like digging up criminal and civil case files, employment records, marriage licenses, school records, birth certificates, property records and so on, think again! LOL Those who know how to do this kind of thing don't even need your first or last name and can find out who you are with various serarch criteria, refining it to the point where you're caught like a single fish swimming in a school of fishes!
This site is unique and likely seen as old-school. It's considered by some to be a Web 1.0 site (Web version 1?), is coded using nothing but a text editor, so there's variety and all the pages don't look the same, there's not a single ad or anything for sale here, it's practically littered with help pages and this is one of the few remaining examples of what the Web used to look like.
How many Web sites can say the same? So, please give out this Web site's URL or link back to it, if you appreciate that sort of thing. :-)
\*
**Where you can sometimes find me:** Although it's probably addictive and seen by many as a waste of time, I like to play the old City of Heroes game (but, they're frequently adding new things to it), which is now free to play on City of Heroes Homecoming. More information here: [City of Heroes Homecoming Server Tips](coh_tips_homecomingservers_city_of_heroes_homecoming.htm "Tips from me and links to the official site for the game."). Some of my characters are named ViRaLsPiKeS, CLiMaTe BReAkDoWn, GrEEd KiLLeD EaRtH, LaW of MiRRorS and Do The Right Thing in my [usual futile attempt to help make the world a better place by teaching people](thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm "For years, I gave away cash prizes to the top trivia scorers in my 3D world, even though I was living under the FPL (Federal Poverty Level)!"), but . . . it's probably a waste of time for me, because, along with many of my other help pages (like the one I made about [Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels](climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm "Some facts about what's coming and why it should be stopped! Can humans control their greed and that of the corporations before it's too late? But, a growing number of us already know the answer to that one!")), few people read the names and think about the problem and even fewer care.
To make it easier for mobile device users, I've made this Web site rechable via a Web browser capable of using emojis as a URL (the Opera Web browser is one of them)! :-)
You simply put one of the following sets of emojis (they look different for different operating systems or the app or program you're using) in the address bar AKA address field of the Web browser (hold your mouse over each of the following emojis to see the name which each emoji can be found with by doing a search on your smartphone or tablet, unless they're in your recent emojis section):
The first set of emojis makes more sense if you can remember the name of this Web site:
🤖🐺🕸😜 Once you put them in the address field, you just go to it like when you've typed in a URL.
🐺🍺☄😜 Again, after putting them in the address field, you just go to it like when you've typed in a URL.
⚠⭐💡⭐⚠ Got the emojis in? Then you just click to go!
Easier than typing in cyberwolfman.com, for some people, at least? ;-)
I'm thankful I never used a CMS for my Web site, since some of them can't add emojis! LOL It isn't very forward-thinking if you use something that you can't code what you want into it until it gets around to getting up-to-date with what you need to do with it . . . But, maybe you can use a text editor to accomplish what you want to do? :-)
####
Tell Others
Please share this site with others?
\*
**Important note:** Regarding the Covid-19 pandemic, please read the 3rd and 4th paragraphs, which tells you how it spreads in a way that isn't known to the general public, and I provide information to show it's true here: [Which is only one of the things I do to try to help others and the world](#what_i_try_to_do_to_help "As much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)").
You're welcome. :-) But, remember to tell others (or, just give out the link to this page), to help them, too!
One of my latest pages: [Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels](climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm "Some facts about what's coming and why it should be stopped! Can humans control their greed and that of the corporations before it's too late? But, a growing number of us already know the answer to that one!").
####
Links for this page:
Yes, I need to move some of this stuff to other pages! Always making more work for myself, using this page as a staging area . . .
[Tell others about this Web site](#tell_others "Now located near the top of the Web page so maybe, just maybe, someone will click the Like and/or Share buttons someday! Dare to dream . . . LOL").
[A quick introduction](#a_quick_introduction "Which I should probably add to the Who Am I page and organise it all better!").
[I met a psychopath! (Sidenote)](#meeting_a_psychopath "It was one of my neighbours!")
[Introduction, continued](#introduction_continued "Getting back on topic!").
[Lying red flags (sidenote II)](#lying_red_flags "To help you spot liars!").
[Introduction, continued II](#introduction_continued_2 "Getting back on topic! This time, for reals? LOL").
[Life Rules](#life_rules "AKA karmic multiplier! What you do unto me, you get back 10x!").
[What is real?](#what_is_real "If you don't see something, is it real? That depends . . .")
[Are we alone in the universe?](#alone_in_the_universe "Long debated, but, you know . . .")
[A quick intro of this Website](#quick_intro "A brief description of this Website").
[Things I do to try to help others and the world](#what_i_try_to_do_to_help "As much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)").
[Things I used to do to help others](#things_i_used_to_do_to_help "Although I tried other things, it got too expensive or I had to donate my time to something or someone else which helped others more.").
[Site changes and (maybe) future plans](#site_changes "Ads didn't generate enough to pay for the site so they're gone, changed this page's layout and . . . I might do other things.").
[It may be time for me to give up](#time_to_give_up "After years of trying, using all my spare time and money, the world and the people just keep getting worse.") . . .
[Choose your entrance](#entrance "Enter, if you dare...").
[Pictures pages](#pictures_pages "Some of the pictures I've taken.").
[Search this site](#search_this_site "Includes search tips for you. :-)").
####
A (somewhat) Quick Introduction:
You've found the real Cyberwolfman and yes, that's my real name and legal name. Some of the other cyberwolfmen you may have seen on the Internet aren't me.
Quick note on my general philosophy on life (which I try to follow with this site and in the real world): If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, **you suck**! I never got the whole greed thing . . . What's the goal, to get everything you can possibly want in life and become bored? LOL
Look at the world today. See the harm greed's done to the environment and to people around the world and ask yourself if that's a good thing or a bad thing and act accordingly. If **you** don't do anything, then who will? The corporations or the politicians (who are supposed to serve the people, but, many of them are owned by the corporations)?
How's **that** worked out for the entire planet the last few decades?
I have a very strong moral code, although I feel as though I'm nearly alone in that . . . But, I've lived through a lot, read a lot and had . . . rather unique experiences in my life and suffered more than many who live in my area and all of that has made me different. How different? I'm more different on the inside than on the outside, which is saying something. You can blame humans for that.
Now that most of the worst people have gone to another Web site . . .
If you read the entirety of even this front door page, you're likely to learn things that most people never will. Be prepared. I haven't been considered normal since the day I was born and never felt like I fit in anywhere and this site and my views reflect that.
And, now, there are even fewer people continuing to read. ;-) This was by intention. Few people would understand and teaching people certain things isn't something I'm comfortable with . . . If it's any consolation, by continuing to read, you mark yourself as special in a way few would ever understand and . . . You might benefit in a way you couldn't have ever imagined. :-)
While I've learned much, I'll speak openly about some of it, but, some things I don't say clearly and I engage in obfuscation, subterfuge, misdirection and some minor instances of something similar to sleight of hand. What isn't readily apparent, will, in time, become exceptionally clear within your mind. Again, this is by intention. Among my other oddities, I was playing chess by the time I was four and learned about the spy cell system and discovered a better way of networking the communications within it several years before the events of 9/11 AKA 9-11. I also frequently think of new ways to use things I've learned. One small clue you can see here? This (and the other Web pages) were coded using a text editor. Notice the layout and the unique headers. I can do much more, but . . . Older Web browsers wouldn't support it and some of you lot are still using Web browsers older than most Web sites! LOL
Although you'll doubt some things I tell you until you learn to confirm the truth for yourself, trust me on at least one thing for now; While lying, to me, is abhorrent and not something I ever want to do (white lies are my limit) and I absolutely **loathe** liars on a level you wouldn't believe (for starters, they're betraying your trust and insulting you at the same time by making you think you're too stupid to spot their lie), it's far safer for you **and** for me if I hide some of what I'm trying to teach behind a thin veil which shouldn't be too difficult to part if you do your best.
If you want to be formal, I'm reverend doctor Cyberwolfman and I've been both for years. And, before you ask, you can't ask the things I've Piled Higher and Deeper! LOL However, if you've ever met me in person, you'd know I'm not the formal type and prefer to wear casual clothing. Suits don't appeal to me, and usually, people who speak formally to you and/or wear suits are probably the very same people who screw over people for fun and profit.
Also, be wary if they compliment you or feign interest in you or something you're wearing or said. They're likely trying to sell you something or distract you from something you should be paying attention to such as not giving you a receipt for something they know is going to break down quickly to setting up an appointment two months away while sending an e-prescription to a pharmacy that'll only last for one month, so, you won't know about it until you get it. A diversionary tactic could include members of the staff within a few feet of your exam room talking to each other as though your needs (such as setting up the next appointment) are important, as they're aware of the fact that you're within hearing range but are outside of your line of sight and behaving as if what they're doing is normal for them (all the world's a stage and all the men and women, merely players). And, yes, I notice these things and others! Only writing me half of a needed prescription once might be considered a mistake, but, doing it multiple times? Congratulations on making me even **less** trusting of people than before and lowering your reputation even further!
The majority of the clothing I wear is the cheapest I can find, including shoes that don't fit me very well (at the local discount store chain, they only go up to size 14 wide so I have pain with each step I take).
If you meet me in public, keep in mind that, despite the fact that my appearance is different from what's considered normal (which, in human society, seems to be a good excuse for harassment and violence and sometimes, worse and yes, I've been on the receiving end of the worse things multiple times), I'm a nicer guy on the inside than most of the people you're ever likely to meet, since I absolutely refuse to be the kind of monster I see most humans as.
What's in the bag I often carry? Among other things, a chessboard, a water quality tester, a radiation badge, a radiation tester and . . . other things which would raise eyebrows, make people's jaws drop and knowledge of them is on a need-to-know basis and you don't have a need to know! But, Felix the cat was a great teacher! LOL
####
I met a psychopath! (Sidenote)
One of the aforementioned human monsters I met recently displayed ASP (Antisocial Personality) disorder traits (some doctors believe psychopaths are just one type who fits this description), which included:
Projection (they attempt to convince others of what they, themselves, were doing);
Vilification AKA gaslighting (they attempt to make you appear dangerous or crazy to others and/or try to make you think so about yourself);
Emotional barriers (after they emotionally upset you or emotionally abuse you, hurting you, if you react to it or object to it, they attempt to avoid blame by claiming it's wrong to feel hurt (much like sociopaths who frequently say things like "why are you so upset," "you're over-reacting" and "it's not a big deal," keeping in mind that sociopaths and many other ASPDs AKA Anti-Social Personality Disorders don't have any real empathy and sometimes have to fake it like a learned response) or to complain about it, in essence, invalidating your feelings and attempting to make you feel even worse by convincing you that you're the one who's at fault);
Deceitfulness (openly lying (usually in an attempt to avoid getting into trouble, but, they oft-times do it simply because they want to), with the belief that everyone will either believe them or they don't care if anyone does)
The specifics?
They repeatedly lied to me, claiming I didn't do something (namely forwarding information to them via e-mail), despite the fact that I had evidence on my phone that I did. (Along with the e-mail app saying they were sent, another employee there told me they had got the e-mails I sent to the store's e-mail address.) This was also a very stupid lie, as I'm a major tech nerd that anyone can know for certain within a few seconds of meeting me, unless they're literally blind. Been using computers since at least the TRS-80 (it had a cassette tape drive) and Apple IIe (it used a floppy disk drive and the floppy disk was actually floppy). Insinuating that I don't know how to correctly send an e-mail? Really?? LOL
When I moved about 20 feet or so away from the toxic person to a table to let someone else get up to the counter to try to get their business taken care of, I was staring into my phone's screen in the process of sending yet another e-mail with the information in it in an effort to appease the psychopathic woman (which is a wasted effort, as a psychopath and many other mentally ill with antisocial personality disorders are never satisfied with anything you do and, I'll admit, I was growing more frustrated and not just because, with my large hands (they're proportional to the my feet and I can't find shoes in my size at the local discount store chain) trying to tap the right letters on a little cell phone was absolutely no joy) and I mumbled "I can see why people snap" and she asked "what did you say?" loud enough to be heard by everyone there, and, when I didn't respond (trolls hate it when you ignore them), she said in the same loud voice that she had a gun and a concealed permit to carry it, which is when I looked up and saw she was looking right at me.
My situational awareness, which is usually either yellow or orange depending on my current emotional state, where I am and who and what's around me (look up situational awareness colour codes and, as some say, keep your wits about you, if you want to stay alive as even noticing someone who's standing nearby who suddenly shifts their weight or glances quickly behind you could be the only warning you get before you get attacked or killed), was orange after entering the store and instantly recognising her (I was also trying very hard to not let my face show that I had recognised her, as many people can attest what happens when a malicious person knows that you see them as a threat, hoping she wouldn't do anything violent or say anything hurtful in order to make me look bad if I complained about it, which she would probably use as an excuse to do even more, because that's how people are) but quickly switched to full-on red and I glanced around without being too obvious about it for adequate cover (true cover is in very short supply in many places of business, especially if your attacker has something more powerful than a .38) and my heart started to pound fast in my chest!
Then she said I was threatening to shoot people in that same loud voice. There were about eight people in the store in hearing range of that.
I'm no lawyer, but, isn't what she said slander (my appearance was definitely not threatening, as my hands were in plain view in front of me, one hand holding my small cell phone and the other one hovering over it, and, I was wearing a peace sign around my neck and had a hat on with the words "stop the hate" written on it and was dressed in shorts and a T-shirt with no obvious way to hide even a small pistol, and I should be on the store's surveillance video footage, as there were a few surveillance cameras that should've had me in their field of view)?
Okay, maybe somebody could hide a very tiny pistol hidden in a 'prison wallet,' but, you'd think that even a tiny pistol would hurt very, very badly, be extremely obvious when you pulled it out and be very difficult to use, covered with . . . Eww! Okay, I am **not** going there! And, before you ask, neither are you!
Isn't it illegal or considered mob action or attempt to incite a mob to violence or something like that or to scare people with the threat of gun violence or attempt to get people to gang up on a non-violent person who obviously isn't threatening anyone? You would think so, anyway . . . And, wouldn't the person and company who hired her and trained her be at least partly responsible for what she did? Maybe her parents should also be considered at least partly responsible, if they were supposed to teach her the difference between right and wrong.
The people there looked at me (a big guy with grey hair who was primarily focused on trying to read the teeny-tiny text on his little cell phone) and ignored me.
I left the store, went to another store where there were people around me (who could witness if she followed me with the intent to do me more than the emotional harm she had already caused me), called the cops and told them what happened.
As I said above, I recognized her. She was one of my neighbours. She lived within a few houses from me (earlier, her tall friend in blue coveralls (whose name started with a M) threw used motor oil in my yard (I saw him walking to another yard two houses down from me with what looked like a drip pan and I went there to take a picture of the wet grass I saw there and I heard him laughing at me behind my back as he sat in a car near that spot when I turned around to walk back home, but, maybe he saw the BB pistol I had stashed in my back pocket out of fear that people who do bad things to others may do other bad things such as acts of violence to them and if I feared for my life, getting stung by a BB might get them to stop, or, at the very least, yell, which might've attracted the attention of other neighbours), another time, he handed me a tag from a package of underwear after he left a Walmart store (which made me wonder why he had it and why I didn't see the package of underwear it should've been in), and on another occasion when I was riding my bicycle, sped up in his little blue car to get ahead of me in order to turn right in front of me so I had no choice but to stop really fast or run into the front of his car and likely be killed from being crushed under its wheels and, I'm hoping he did it accidentally by not seeing me, but, if so, I hope he paid more attention after that, since there were a lot of little kids living in that area, and, if he couldn't see a guy who's over six feet tall . . .), but, didn't let her know that I remembered her.
(For those who need help in remembering what people look like in order to give a better description of them, learn to see far more than just the basic facial geometry, hair style or eye colour (or colours, as some people have eyes of different colours, but, eye colour, like hair style or hair colour (the latter can be changed as quickly as putting on a wig or cutting off the hair in a van or public restroom and quickly using a hair dye) can be changed). Remember the height of someone (there's a reason there's a height guide alongside the doors of many convenience stores), look for physical details (some could be very small) which might be unique and can't be changed quickly such as permanent tattoos (learn to tell the difference between temporary tattoos (which could be put on in a matter of seconds using a device and wiped off with soap and water and might be used to get people looking for something that's no longer on them) and permanent tattoos), scars, birthmarks, the habitual movements they make, their gestures, their accent, their choice of words (although the latter four could be an act) and so on. Those details might also help police in identifying someone, un-like clothes, which can simply be changed or, if it's a shirt or coat, be taken off and stashed somewhere, pushed into a garbage can or dumpster, or given to someone, which would get **them** nabbed and the bad person might escape the area if the police think they had caught them or spotted them, in which case, multiple units would converge on the spot of the sighting. How many things like that do I know? Some things are written on my Web pages, but, be thankful that **I** have a strong moral code (but most of humanity doesn't and those who've read enough history or have seen what people do whenever they think they can get away with something can verify that) and prefer to use my knowledge to help others and make the world better and safer.)
I can only hope they investigated her, took away her gun (or guns, if she had more than one, which is increasingly more likely these days) and other weapons, and hopefully, took her some place where she could get the help she seemed to be in urgent need of. I also hope that she didn't have children in her home, as they're frequently the first victims of people like that . . .
Part of me was surprised that when she looked at me, she didn't realise that others in my life from as far back as grade school had tried to do similar things to me. Guess she never learned how to properly size up a mark or assumed that everyone she went after would be the exact same. Or, didn't care . . . Believing that **I** was a fool and judging me solely on my appearance, she proved herself to be one.
If she and her tall friend are both mentally ill, they might be doing other bad things, such as triangulation, where someone says something bad about a 3rd party to someone, believing that the person (or people) they say it to won't try to confirm it and will believe their lie whole-heartedly. Those who spread rumours are haters and liars (many times, sad to say, it's because someone is different from them in some way, so, they might be intolerant or an outright racist). Anyone who spreads rumours without confirming them (should you really be saying bad things about others you've named (or identified in some way to others so there's no doubt as to who you mean) behind their backs and won't those you're talking to (or whatever deity you worship or karma) judge you based on that?), marks themselves as a gullible fool. Those who believe them, mark themselves as an idiot who's likely to believe anything (and in the latter two cases will encourage others to try to scam you).
Something else that concerns me about them . . . Do they do these things because I'm different, and, if so, have they done them to others who were different from them? Those they treat in such a way might grow to hate those who are like them, and, possibly, cause them to donate money to hate groups who oppose them. Will their actions result in others losing their lives? You'd hope not, but, I also realize that if they're mentally ill, they may not have any empathy for anyone or care who gets hurt as a result of their actions and/or words.
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Introduction, Continued:
I have severe social anxiety (not shyness (okay, maybe a little), but, more like extreme terror of other people), PTSD and am hard-of-hearing (my left ear is totally nerve dead and it was one of those worse things).
So, I'm usually twitchy unless I do something to prevent that before I leave home (but, just in case, please don't make any fast movements or loud noises when near me) and very un-trusting (because of multiple things done to me). If you're nice to me, I'll be nice to you, but, if you're an a-hole or betray my trust or even lie to me (like some healthcare professionals frequently do, who judge me by my appearance and apparently don't realize that the red flags of lying are known to many), I'll take it personally and will never trust you or anyone who works where you work again and will also be certain to tell others of the way you treat people, but then, so will your fellow employees and friends, especially if they can use that to make themselves look better than you . . .
Perhaps, this will also get back to your parents and reflect badly on them because they were the ones who raised you and were supposed to teach you the difference between right and wrong. On top of that, if you read the Bible, God considers liars to be an abomination (Proverbs 12:22) and you're going to burn in Hell (Revelation 21:8, and, it's **not** Revelations, which Hollywood thinks is the right spelling, and, can script writers truly be illiterate, or, at the very least, never opened a Bible and looked at the table of contents to see the list of books of the Bible?).
But, maybe you'll use the superior orders excuse that was oh-so-popular in Nuremberg during the Nazi war crimes trials, believing that doing bad things to others is morally a-ok if you can claim that you were just following orders? Is being compared with a jack-booted, goose-stepping, swastika-kissing armed Nazi thug and having the same moral code something you and your fellow employees and your employer(s) (perceived guilt by association and possibly shared knowledge of your actions while not doing anything to stop you and failing to make amends to your victims) comfortable with?
**I** know where you'll be spending eternity, although it might not've dawned on **you**, yet . . .
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Lying Red Flags (sidenote II)
Just a few of those lying red flags (situations, cultures, a person's personality type and other factors are some of the things that may skew the reliability of the following) are comfort gestures, distancing from the spot they told the lie (watch the infamous president Nixon speech to see both, and, I have a video of a nurse who did both), saying things like um and uh as they come up with it as they're talking, microexpressions (they're fast, but, watch a video at a slow speed or frame-by-frame advance (with some video players, it's the E key) to better see them), making a gesture after they say something instead of during, shaking their head, inflection, momentary hesitancy and/or quickly-spoken statements, being vague, talking in a higher tone, darting eyes and/or maintaining eye contact (to see if you believe them, but, in some places, that's considered rude or a sign of aggression), smirking smiles, repeating words or phrases, distancing language and lack of contractions (the last two along with the comforting gestures were just some from president Clinton), et cetera.
And, did you seriously think you were the very first person who ever lied to me in my entire life? If you see me in the real world, look at me and ask yourself how many saw me and thought how easy it would be to fool me. You're not the first. You're not even in the first 3,000! LOL So, who's the real fool? Usually, it's the person who judges someone solely by their appearance and assumes that they're what they appear to be.
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Introduction, Continued II:
Kind of an FYI, here, I usually engage in sousveillance by video and audio recording when I'm out, most of the time by using hidden equipment (unless the battery needs re-charged). Those in the DoD know what my top aptitude area scores were in on the ASVAB (my lowest score was 94 and I took it when I was stressed out) and I've built a pirate radio station a few inches on a side decades ago.
But, since I have a strong belief in privacy rights (unlike most other people and corporations, and I taught people how to secure their e-mails with encryption back in the 1990s, several years before Snowden) I usually only do it if I suspect I'm getting screwed over (or am about to be) or if they have a history of doing so to me in the past.
This is primarily the case with healthcare professionals who have a questionable moral code (you seriously don't think that I'll be suspicious when you tell me that the cost for the lenses alone in a pair of eyeglasses are $600??), which reflects badly on both their employer, fellow employees and others in their field.
One healthcare professional whose name started with an E even claimed they had never heard of Big Ben (technically, only the bell is named Big Ben, now, but most people also call the clock and clock tower the same name, as it makes more sense than calling it the clock or the clock tower) in London, despite the fact that it's the world's most famous clock, is over 150 years old and has been used in location-establishing shots in television shows and movies for decades! Phenomenally stupid enough to think people are that gullible or mentally ill to the point where they believe they can lie to whoever they want with no consequences and if someone complains about it, they'll attempt to convince the patient they're wrong for complaining? Or, perhaps both? You decide.
Other differences in my appearance: I have a permanently damaged back, knees (thank you, United States military) and heel spurs and am (still a little) overweight (three guesses why it's hard for me to get exercise, although I'm changing my diet and have lost ~1/3 of my total body weight). If I walk a little differently or seem a little disconnected blame the physical stuff for the first and the prescription drugs and pain for the other.
Why I am the way I am. Since I don't know how much time I have left (does anyone, really?) and with the kind of healthcare I have (you get a set amount for glasses, but, the places they send you to charge you a very high amount just for the lenses) is the kind where it (so far) takes doctor's offices years just to make a copy of my medical records while the health concerns I have are ignored while I live in constant pain so . . . I felt I should try to explain myself a little and as briefly as I can. Although I realize that very few people care about anyone but themselves, there might be a few who do care about others and have wondered about me. Hope you can be patient, because this isn't easy for me and . . . I don't really like the memories it brings up. If you don't like hearing about bad things happening to others, or, like many, don't care, keep scrolling.
Inside, I'm like a puppy who's been kicked and beaten every day for as long as it can remember. But, it's more than that . . . Buried extremely deep within me is a small child who sits in a tiny, heavy box, curled up in as tight a ball as possible who shakes in fear and tries really, really hard to keep himself from screaming endlessly in terror. All the physical and emotional abuse he's suffered plays out in a repeating loop within his mind. Everything from when he was very little which included incidents like a father who kidnapped him and hit him so hard he bounced off the opposite wall of a room, another who hit him in the side of the head with a baseball bat, causing permanent severe damage inside, having things screamed at him like "I wish you were never born," being beaten almost every day (and sometimes multiple times each day) with things like yardsticks (until they broke) and belts (they liked using the buckle end and it wasn't just the butt they hit when they wanted to hurt him) and being attacked with a thick wooden board and an iron skillet, and he wondered during the worst times if this was the time he would die and, if he was still awake after, and could move, hid somewhere and cried from the pain as he bled and tried not to move too much, fearing broken bones. His earliest memory was of holding a bobbypin in an electrical outlet, unable to let go and feeling his fingers burn and hearing a woman who may've been his mother laughing as he screamed. When he tried to draw, he drew people without arms because he was never hugged and didn't want to be and those who approached him made him want to scream and run away.
People talk of monsters in movies as if they're frightening, but, I've known since I was very little that **humans are the true monsters**. To me, humans are every monster you've ever heard of including every serial killer, and every cruel and sadistic soldier who believed what he was doing was morally okay no matter what it was all rolled into one. **That** is how I see people and I'm surrounded by billions of them.
In my life, I've been poisoned (one time was in the military), been the victim of food tampering (which is a felony, and, in some places in the United States, the criminal can get put in prison for 20 years, and, in Florida, it's a first-degree felony under the Florida Anti-Tampering Act, which can get you a 30 year prison sentence even for the attempt, conspiring, changing the label, or claiming that something hadn't been tampered with) other ways, was physically and emotionally abused in school daily and often. On the bus and in classes, I was the one who sat in back because I learned I couldn't trust people behind me (and still don't) or anywhere, any time, really . . . Happy school memories? Maybe one involving people, but I was more happier being alone and reading books.
Because of all the injuries (more permanent ones were the results of incidents in the military from those I was supposed to trust of higher rank than me), I don't walk that well, have next to zero social skills and rarely interact with people in public and am in an almost constant state of fear, the level of which is so great that drinking herbal teas and alcohol, using relaxation techniques and drugs like Xanax is like trying to put out a wildfire with a squirt gun AKA water pistol. Nothing I seem to do or say is right in anyone's eyes and even my appearance is wrong to, well, pretty much everyone. But, I try to wear funny T-shirts and sticky patches on my baseball cap which might get a smile out of others.
Some look at me and convince themselves that I'm a fool or an idiot. That's okay with me. I actually prefer people to under-estimate me. They're not on their guard, they make silly mistakes that're easy to spot and tell lies that even a child can see through. I simply play dumb and give them more rope or line (whichever analogy you prefer), as I video-record them. The best use for such videos is posting them on-line under a different name, and, when someone asks about a company or store, give them the link or URL to the video (but, don't use the store name or employee name(s) in the title or description)! One of the doctors I showed the video (complete with audio) of one of the staff lying to my face was very shocked by what he saw, but, I told him this was pretty much normal behaviour for healthcare professionals to some of us. Never saw that member of the staff again, after that . . . Tempted to give out URLs to some of the higher-ups in some of the other places I've had similar or even worse encounters, but, I've been getting such great footage! LOL
For many people, going through some of the above seems to turn them into psychopaths, but, with me, I guess it made me feel more (hearing about unfairness and those who hurt innocents affects me the most) and want to help others as much as I can (some examples: [Things I do to try to help others and the world](#what_i_try_to_do_to_help "Link to the section on this page and I do as much as I can, hoping to make the world better! :-)")).
Un-like some people, I don't do such things for fame (which would draw more attention to me), to make themselves or their organization or company look better to the public or truly expect any kind of reward and about the only thing I've ever asked for on my pages was maybe, if they could afford it, to donate a dollar (very few did) or to tell others about the page or site, hoping it would help still more people.
Wouldn't know what to do with lots of money (and would be afraid it'd make me a target) and with my extreme social anxiety I wouldn't be able to handle fame.
Can I be helped or get better? I've got extremely little hope of that (and hope sets me up for more disappointment, so, no hope in me, not even a little), and that little kid (my inner child?) which is inside a thick metal box is **never** coming out, as all the memories of the thousands of things he's suffered through has played in an ever-repeating loop within his mind for several years (and each new one is added to it).
But, maybe you can try to convince others to not be so intolerant, cruel and sadistic, which might keep others from going through the same thing and quite possibly, becoming the monsters I've seen throughout my life.
I guess . . . that's it. There were worst things that I'll keep to myself, but, you might be able to figure out some of it if you read a few of the Web pages here, like my [Short Stories](stories.htm "Some are so short, they fit on a picture!") page. You can find more (and likely boring for you) details from my life here: [Who Am I?](whoami.htm "Super-boring, almost guaranteed.")
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Life Rules
**Public notice:** By interacting with me, anyone else or simply living, you agree to be bound (whether you've read them or not, just like all the other laws, rules and user agreements out there) by the [Life Rules AKA LifeRules](liferules_life_rules_the_golden_rule_karma_multiplier.htm "Think of them as the Golden Rule with more detail added or a karma multiplier, administered by a 3rd party who you can be certain will enforce it!"), created to (hopefully!) make the world a better place.
Because, quite frankly, it can use all the help it can get!
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What's real?
Okay, before you start down my little rabbit hole to try some of the other Web pages here, just so you know, even if you don't have any proof that something exists, it doesn't mean that it's not real (ask any physicist!). Am I talking about [deities](deities.htm "Gods and goddesses from different times and places."), angels, little green men from Mars, lizardmen, invisible watchers (not to be confused with some people's ability to remotely activate your smart devices' microphone and camera) or all of the above and follow it with a couple of hashtags (AKA octothorpes AKA pound signs AKA hexes) such as #i'mreadytobelieve (or #imreadytobelieve or #i'm\_ready\_to\_believe or #im\_ready\_to\_believe)? That would be telling! ;-)
Perhaps, more importantly, you should ask yourself if it's better to have someone give you the answers or to figure it out on your own.
Didn't **quite** break my NDA, yet . . . But, I'm tempted to give you . . . AATIP (a typo?) for part of the answer. \*cough\* UAPTF \*cough\* Maybe I should look into that vaccination thing?
Side note for coders, if you don't see the underscores you type (invisible underscore problem), use Ctrl+mouse scroll wheel. This also works with some Web browsers on Web pages with small text (but, it'll change the way the browser shows the page). You're welcome. :-)
And, yes, that was an example! LOL
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Are We Alone in the Universe?
Just a thought . . . Imagine, if you will, a more technologically-advanced species wants to test a lesser-developed species to see how it behaves with and treats members of its own species, how responsible it would be if given its own world upon which it depends on for its survival and how it treats lesser-developed species who share its home. Wouldn't it keep them from having conclusive proof of their existence, as that knowledge might influence how they behave? This could include shielding their area of space from any of their communications in a more advanced version of a Faraday cage and limiting how they see the universe.
Imagine, also, that this more technologically-advanced species has the capability of monitoring all that every single person on the planet does, says and thinks (medical researchers have already made significant progress in this field of study).
Too far-fetched, you say? But, isn't that essentially what humans do with animals, complete with artificial habitats and limiting their encounters with people?
Now, think about what you've done to others and the rest of the world (including the environment) and imagine how it not only makes you appear but all of the members of your community, your country and even your entire species!
Of course, there are humans who believe they're the only intelligent life in the multiverse (multiple universes), despite the fact that there are hundreds of billions of galaxies in just this universe and even the Milky Way galaxy has hundreds of billions of stars. Any human who believes that they're the only intelligent species in the universe or multiverse is egocentric on a (dare I say it?) cosmic scale! LOL
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Quick intro about this Web site
If this is your first visit to my Web site, welcome! Some of the latest things that I have been up to or comment about can be found on my latest [blog](blog.htm "Cyberwolfman's Blogs") pages. You can also [find me on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/cyberwolfman.cyberwolfman "Sometimes I'm more active there than here.").
If this page doesn't look right to you, check out the [If a Web Page Doesn't Look Right to You](if_a_web_page_does_not_look_right_to_you.htm "If you're using micro$haft windoze, stop using internet explorer! LOL") page.
Was going to put up some really cool coding tricks in this, but, didn't want to crash anyone's Web browser . . .
➢
Attention mobile device users: This and many other pages on this Web site have **not** been optimized for small screens (many of these Web pages were made in the 1990s and they're all done using a text editor, as I'm a **very** old school coder, and I think that Web sites which use templates that make all the pages look the same except for some different text and pictures are . . . well, boring and soulless).
Yes, I know, your mobile device is supposed to have 'high resolution', **but**, it is still a small screen. View this Web page on a regular monitor to see the difference. You have been duped into accepting something which you thought was a good deal but, it turned out to be something else. Wise up. School's out.
On the plus side, the majority of the Web pages on this site have dark or black backgrounds which should have less drain on many mobile devices than if you were visiting Web sites with white backgrounds (which, oddly, many of the 'mobile friendly' Web pages are), since they have the RGB cranked up to 100% to produce the white colour. Why is it considered friendly to drain someone's battery faster?
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What I try to do to help
I try to do the right thing, in both the real world and on-line, by helping people when I can, wherever I can. And, with this Web site, I have made help pages and give information. I try to live by the golden rule, when very few others seem to care about anyone but themselves (their main motivations are usually greed, power and what they think they can get with it and use your imagination on the latter) and are only nice to others when they want something out of them. Even on the [Help Cyberwolfman](helpcwm.htm "Where you can both help keep this Web site up and also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)") page, I try to help others by providing links to places they can help those in need without having to pay a single penny. At least **I** can say I do my best to do what's right! :-)
[COVID-19 Vaccine Fact Sheet](https://www.hhs.gov/sites/default/files/provider-covid-vaccine-factsheet.pdf "Link to the HHS (Health and Human Services) Web site's pdf file which might either open in a new browser tab or ask if you want to download it."). Although it's written for providers, it's information you can use. Just remember though: If you've already been infected (even if you don't have symptoms, yet, you still might have already been infected and you can spread it even before you have symptoms), it's too late to get vaccinated! Many have died in the hospital, after finally realizing they should've gotten vaccinated. But, by then, it was too late for them. If you want a tip that might save your life and you're willing to listen, when the more infectious variants start up, if you absolutely don't have to go out or travel, don't. If you go to an event, visit with family or feel the urge to go someplace (especially don't go by aeroplane when the more infectious strains come out, because if airline employees like flight attendants, pilots and baggage handlers get sick, flights will be delayed or canceled and you could be sitting in an airport with many other people (for several hours or even days!) who could've been infected), you could infect others or be infected yourself (even if nobody's showing symptoms).
As for the six-foot distancing rule . . . it's rubbish, as Kimberly Prather and Linsey Marr showed that a particle as small as five microns (and anything larger than that was believed to be filtered out by the mucus in your throat and nostrils) can travel **hundreds** of feet, so, if you were wearing a mask, didn't touch any surfaces and **still** got Covid-19, now you know how. The CDC? They only admit to it on one page, this one: [Scientific Brief: SARS-CoV-2 Transmission](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/science/science-briefs/sars-cov-2-transmission.html#anchor_1619805184733 "The only page I could find where it's mentioned on the entire CDC site."), whereas their [How COVID-19 Spreads](https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html "Yo, CDC! Update this page with the facts!") page (which claims you can only get COVID-19 via inhalation if you're within 6 feet) doesn't mention that very important fact (last checked on June 20th, 2021). But, I will, because I think it's important enough to tell you about it. Don't people's lives and health matter to the CDC?
In regards to the five micron size: particles that size and smaller are considered aerosols (which is how measles, chickenpox and tuberculosis spreads), but, many sites won't tell you about that particle size, which I think is important for people to know as it might keep them from getting sick and possibly dying by relying on something that doesn't stop something that small or smaller.
When will COVID stop? SARS-CoV-2 (which is what caused COVID-19 AKA coronavirus disease 2019) and others like it will be around for a **very** long time, and, like other viruses, it changes, adapts and mutates into variants of itself in order to survive. Once infected, the only thing medical science can do was to try to manage their symptoms AKA symptom management, which is the kind of care you'll find in many countries with an inferior healthcare system such as the United States, especially if you're over 70. Unless you're rich and/or powerful (which, in the more corrupt countries, was equal to the same thing) . . . Want an example of a not-so-hypothetical situation? A very sick person goes into a hospital expecting to have their life saved. The shortage of staff is so bad, that, if the healthcare professionals give them the care they need, at least a few other people will die. So, what do you think happens in such a situation when the staff figure that out? Here's a better question: What happens if it's **you**? Don't think it's possible? Look up triage. Factors which staff use to decide who gets time spent on them and how much include how likely someone will die, how effective treating them will be and their remaining natural lifespan. If there's severely diminished resources, expect triage to more closely resemble that of the military's model in regards to code black or expectant (you're expected to die) cases.
COVID conspiracies, disinformation agitprop and fake news: Don't believe the rumours. Get the facts by doing fact-checking. Isolated incidents and manufactured lies are most definitely **not** factual. Like I said above, if you spread fake rumours, you mark yourself as a liar. If you spread them, you mark yourself as a gullible fool. If you believe them, you mark yourself as an idiot who's likely to believe anything (and in the latter two cases will encourage others to try to scam you). Do yourself a favour and choose to be none of the above!
Now, as for some people claiming that president Biden acted like a dictator when he said that people had to get vaccinated . . . Mandatory vaccinations for diseases in America date back to 1777 when George Washington ordered troops to get vaccinated (called variolation back then, and, a little trivia for you, the word vaccine got its name from the latin word for cow (vacca), and it started by giving people a little cowpox, as it was discovered that milkmaids who got it never got smallpox) for smallpox (he even encouraged his wife, Martha Washington, to get it) and the very same politicians who claimed that it was wrong to force people to get vaccinated also forced people (including schoolchildren) to get vaccinated against mumps, meningitis, rubella and varicella (which causes chickenpox). So . . . It's okay for those politicians to do it, but, it's not okay for the president of the United States? Words like hypocrisy come to mind . . .
On a limited budget and need to organize your spending? Download or print up this [budget template](budget_template_for_web_05_17_2014.jpg "Also has the URL of this site on it so you know where you got it! :-)") I made for you. :-)
Having problems sleeping (most people do, except those who don't care about anyone but themselves) and could use some tips? Check out the [Sleep Tips and REMville](sleep_tips_and_remville.htm "REM = Rapid Eye Movement, making REMville the land of sleep, get it? LOL Hope it'll help you! :-)") page.
Need a laugh? Try my [Laugh Machine](laffmach.htm "If you're like me, you laugh because you dare not cry . . .") page (one of the few pages I made which requires JavaScript to work right, which I usually kept off for years because of the pop-up ads everywhere). Created it back in the mid-1990s, when we had to use eight characters or less for files.
Want something to read and only have a few minutes? Check out my [Short Stories](stories.htm "Some are so short, they fit on a picture!") page.
Want to read some inspiring or funny quotes? Visit the [Cool Quotes](cool_quotes.htm "Many are about liberty and freedom. Some are just plain funny!") page.
A hidden surprise that few see! Feeling nostalgic for the older micro$haft windoze operating systems? Anyone who types anything in the address bar above after the / that isn't the name of a file on my site will see it when they try to go to it. If you prefer a link, try my [Custom 404 Page](my_custom_404_page.htm "Those on a desktop can hit the F11 key for most Web browsers for a more realistic affect and the reasons section seems to get the most laughs.").
And, yes, I should put the above on its own page . . . \*Sighs\* Always making more work for myself.
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Things I **used** to do to help others
I paid people to learn! Gave cash prizes to the [top trivia scorers](thisisit_top_trivia_scorers.htm "A list of the winners in my 3D world!") in my 3D world's ([This Is It](thisisit.htm "My 3D chat world, which I built myself and practically lived in for years.")) trivia game every month for **years** using my own money to encourage people to learn, even though I was (and have been most of my adult life) living under the FPL AKA Federal Poverty Level. Why? Because I thought it was more important to help others than buy myself things I really didn't need.
Created a virtual campus (my 3D world was made **years** before places like Second Life existed) called the Knowledge Infusion and Enhancement Matrix in the above-mentioned 3D world where people could learn a vast multitude of subjects all for free and at their own pace. In front of it, I made a sign which read "If you take, but do not give, learn, but do not teach, YOU SUCK!"
Created Web pages like the [New User Guide for City of Villains](cov_city_of_villains_new_user_guide_helpful_tips.htm "A user guide for City of Villains with helpful tips.") (it used to be a separate game from City of Heroes with no way to switch and was the only way I could play a mastermind with controllable minions), a [Character Creation Help Guide](cov_city_of_villains_character_creation_help_guide.htm "Now out-of-date, was made for villain characters and has thumbnail pictures.).") and a [City of Heroes and City of Villains Enhancement Comparison Guide](cov_coh_enhancements_city_of_villains_city_of_heroes_enhancement_comparison_guide.htm "Comparisons of enhancement strength in City of Heroes and City of Villains."), which might still be valid for the Homecoming City of Heroes game, but, there, you can now get SOs (Single-Origin enhancements) as early as level two . . .
####
Site changes and (maybe) future plans
**No more ads!**
My brief attempt to generate a few dollars to help pay for this Web site with a few ads here and there failed. Not a single penny was earned, so . . . No more ads! Or at least, until I find something that actually works.
**Went back to the better front door look:**
The minimalist look was cramping my style. But, I took the flash movie off this page (it's now on the [FAQ](about.htm "About this site and an FAQ.") page) and am limiting the graphics to very small pictures.
\*
If you live in America, and have a slow and expensive Internet service, please check out the [The American Internet is Slow and Expensive because the Telecom Industry is treating Americans as a Captive Audience](american_internet_slow_and_expensive_captive_audience_telecom_industry.htm "Cheaper Internet service and multiple suppliers is needed for the whole world so everyone has access to information and educational resources. :-)") page. Used to have it all here, but, putting it on its own page makes more sense.
Coming soon: More Web pages! Just got done organizing the [VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)](honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm "Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)") Web page, so, taking a break. Hey, I got something done, at least! ;-)
The more immediate plans include a Web page with pictures of some of the events and places I went to (after I took some medication and drank some alcohol) the south Florida tattoo expo (it was nice to have met all of you!), a couple of pages with reviews of some renaissance fairs (Camelot days and the Florida Renaissance Festival) complete with pictures and video, a visit to the Coral Castle, along with a few other surprises!
\*
While grateful for what I have (if you've ever been homeless (I've been homeless twice) you'd know how grateful I am to have a roof over my head), I could use a few basic essentials . . .
\*
I'm hoping to catch up with stuff after I can see small details again (like text in a text editor or icons and other details in a video editor) without pain. Maybe someday they'll figure out how to permanently fix people's eyes and I can do something else besides watching movies and television shows and will be able to code or use a program without pain? LOL
\*
Also would like a pair of new shoes that fit me and don't hurt to walk in. Unfortunately, I can't find them at the local discount chain stores, where they only sell up to '14 wide' which is too small for my feet!
\*
If I was allowed a 3rd thing, it would be a new [kitchen sink](home_kitchen_sink.jpg "Haven't used it for years, and can't afford to replace it.").
\*
So many people want riches and power, but me? I just want to be able to read without pain, have shoes that I can wear that don't hurt and have a kitchen sink I can use! LOL
\*
Although, technically, not a luxury, another thing I'd add to my silly (and impossible for me to get) wish list is about as far out of my budget as the moon AKA Luna. If I was one of the super-rich who had thousands of dollars to spare, I'd like a new septic drain field and maybe a new septic tank and system. It'd be nice to take a quick shower without water backing up out of the drain, covering my feet.
One of the events I went to was the Florida Renaissance Festival, on March 7th, 2015. It was a little too warm and humid for my taste, so, I wasn't thinking too clearly for most of it, but, I tried to catch some of the acts while enjoying the sweet cider there, but, truth be told, I would have rather had the blueberry beer they served at the Camelot Days Medieval Festival at Topeekeegee Park (AKA TY Park) in Hollywood, Florida.
Another time I went to the Florida Renaissance Festival was on February 8th, 2014, where I met people like Garrett, Steve and Wiz, among many others. While there, I saw acts such as Craic, MooNIE the Magnificent, Celtic Mayhem, Broon, Limey Birds, the Duelists, Trash or Treasure, and Wolgemut. Each of these acts are different, but, they are all entertaining.
Some of the more frequently visited pages that people are looking for here are either listed in the upper left hand corner of this page, or in the featured pages on the right. Quick tip: Click on a Web page's background (at least on **my** site, it's safe to do so, but, you might get a pop-up ad on other sites) and hit the Home key on your keyboard to go to the top of the page. The rest are on the [Site Map](sitemap.htm "Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.") page where almost all of my Web pages are arranged in alphabetical order.
You are very welcome. :-)
####
It may be time for me to give up . . .
After years of trying, of spending so much of my spare time and money in an attempt to make the world a better place, the world and the people in it only seem to get worse. My struggles have left me very tired, weak, frustrated, and, if I was being honest, few would miss me if I was gone. But, I never fit in, anyway . . .
**Warning:** While I've told a few people about this, already, and tried to warn people about it on different parts of my Web site, there will be increased violence, soon (yes, more). Some of the mass shootings will be done by lone gunmen, while others will be committed by groups of three or more.
Some of the mass shootings sites will be at schools, where the shooter(s) either suffered physical and/or emotional abuse (see my [School Violence: What Causes School Violence](school_violence.htm "Mostly intolerance, bullying, teasing, and hazing") page for details about that sort of thing, which I started decades ago and gave up on updating it since nobody was listening), doesn't like the skin colour and/or religion of those who attend those schools or they just want easy targets AKA soft targets. Some sites of mass shooting will be parties or bars where loud music is playing. Other sites will be places of work or worship. There will also be mass shootings at stores, both well-known and locally-owned grocery stores. In the latter cases (the places of worship like churches or stores), the shooter(s) chose these sites because those in the neighbourhood were of a specific skin colour and/or religion and were very easy targets, usually only with a security officer or off-duty or retired police officer providing security who was easy to spot.
Of course, those I told about this rolled their eyes at me or judged me solely on my appearance (one was a security officer at a Florida Publix grocery store), but, that always happens. However, when I have to choose between warning people of dangers, like I've done often in the past and getting the usual response or waiting until these things happen, I'll almost always choose the former and not the latter. I've had a Cassandra complex for years! Just can't understand why . . . Maybe this will enlighten someone: [My Thoughts on Life and the Future](my_philosophy_on_life_and_what_the_future_holds.htm "My philosophy on life and what the future holds").
Right. I said 'almost' didn't I? Well, you'll figure it out, soon enough. After all, some things just aren't believed without enough proof, and, if it sounds too strange, you'll likely be locked up somewhere for 'observation' and if it happens shortly after you tell them about it you'll be arrested, interrogated and probably locked up. And, seriously, when it comes to karma, I'm doing far more for others than people have done for me. Or, at least I'm trying to . . . It's really not **my** fault when people don't listen.
####
Choose Your Entrance
☛
For a more complete list, please try the [Site Map](sitemap.htm "Lists almost all of my Web pages.") page, or the [Main page](main.htm "The main page of this site. If the name didn't tip you off. But, not advisable for those with slow Internet connections or who may be overly serious."), which doesn't list all the pages, but, is more interesting to look at than the Site Map page which is almost all links.
| |
| --- |
| ☆ [Site Map](sitemap.htm "Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.") ☆ [Main page](main.htm "The main page of this site. If the name didn't tip you off.") ☆ [South Florida Entertainment Review](south_florida_entertainment_review.htm "South Florida Entertainment Review by Cyberwolfman") ☆ [Nikola Tesla](nikola_tesla.htm "Nikola Tesla gave us AC power, invented the radio, spark plug, VTOL, et cetera.") ☆ [This Is It](thisisit.htm "My 3D chat world, where you can sometimes find me when I'm on-line.") ☆ [United States of America Healthcare Reform and Universal Healthcare Public Plan](healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm "Healthcare reform information and discusses universal healthcare and public healthcare plans") ☆ [City of Heroes Review](mmorpg_coh_city_of_heroes_review.htm "City of Heroes AKA CoH Review.") ☆ [Internet Help](internet_help.htm "Free Internet help, tips and tricks, Web browser tips, privacy, and security.") ☆ [Cool Quotes](cool_quotes.htm "Cool quotes mostly about liberty and freedom.") ☆ [Sleep Tips and REMville](sleep_tips_and_remville.htm "Sleep tips and insomnia help") ☆ [VidScans (honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews)](honestmoviereviews_honesttvshowreviews_vidscans_honest_movie_reviews_honest_tv_show_reviews.htm "Honest movie reviews and honest TV show reviews from a guy who isn't bribed. :-)") ☆ [E-mail Privacy / PGP](emailprv.htm "Use strong encryption to keep your email private.") ☆ [Repressed Technology](rprsdtec.htm "Technology that is kept hidden from you!") ☆ [ID Chip Implants](id_chip_implants.htm "Real ID chip implants: Privacy, RFID chip implants, what ID chips report.") ☆ [3D Chat: 3D Chat Programs Reviewed](3d_chat.htm "3D chat is about as close as you're going to get to full VR immersion on a PC.") ☆ [The Truth about humans](truth_about_humans.htm "Why I don't trust humans!") ☆ [Stories](stories.htm "Some of my short stories. :-)") ☆ [School Violence: What Causes School Violence](school_violence.htm "Mostly intolerance, bullying, teasing, and hazing") ☆ ☠ [Alice Cooper](alice_cooper.htm "Alice Cooper the king of shock rock!") ☠ ☆ ☢ [Green Lasers](green_lasers.htm "Green lasers and why you shouldn't point them at airplanes") ☢ ☆ [Trivia](cwmtriv.htm "Have some fun, and maybe learn a little, too!") ☆ ☺ [Laugh Machine](laffmach.htm "In case you need a laugh.") ☺ ☆ [WinMX Help](winmx_help.htm "Free WinMX help, tips to search better, and more!") ☆ [Bloomington-Normal Illinois Dining Guide](bloomington-normal_illinois_dining_guide.htm "Guide to dining in Bloomington Normal IL") ☆ [Bloomington-Normal Illinois Bars](bloomington-normal_illinois_bars.htm "Reviews of Bloomington Normal IL (Illinois) bars") ☆ [Hospital Reviews](hospital_reviews.htm "Honest hospital reviews by a patient.") ☆ [Florida Hospitals Review](hospital_reviews_florida_hospitals_review.htm "Honest reviews of Florida hospitals by a patient.") ☆ |
####
Pictures pages (more on the [Site Map](sitemap.htm "Where you can find most of the pages on this site listed.") page)
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #1](cwmpix.htm).
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #2](cwmpix2.htm).
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #3](cwmpix3.htm). Pictures taken in the [ActiveWorlds](3daw.htm) 3D chat program.
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #4](cwmpix4.htm). Back to the real world. Includes Halloween pictures, party pictures, more pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois including events, people, and theaters.
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #5](cwmpix5.htm). Pictures of fountains, buildings, and people, including some radio D.J.s.
[Cyberwolfman's Pix #6](cwmpix6.htm "Pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois"). More pictures of Bloomington-Normal Illinois, including a multiple-car accident, skateboarders in a parking garage, pictures of the inside of the nearly totally abandoned College Hills Mall and a picture of the Miller Park lake showing it almost perfectly still and mirror-like.
My next pictures page should include pictures taken in south Florida.
####
Search this site:
**To search this Web site:** Most newer Web browsers such as the TOR Browser (for some privacy, but, that's definitely not guaranteed and don't log in anywhere with it and it won't work with some sites) or Firefox come with a search engine box next to the address bar, or allow you to search from the address bar itself in Web browsers like Chromium (the open source Web browser that Google Chrome gets its source code from, but, un-like Google Chrome, it does not (at the time of this writing) contain rlz tracking). If you are looking for something on my Web site, simply make certain that search box AKA field is clear, type the word that you are trying to find, and, after a single space, add "site:cyberwolfman.com" (without the quotes) at the end. If you are looking for a phrase, put a quote mark (yes, now it's okay to use the quotes. Hee hee hee) on each end of the phrase, first, then, a space, and type in site:cyberwolfman.com and hit the Enter key.
When you get to the Web page, use the Ctrl+f key combination to search for what you're looking for on that page, to save yourself some reading time.
Congratulations! You have learned a couple of new tricks today (if you didn't know them, already), and you can now find what you want on the Web faster, which means you have more time to spend on other things, and you won't get frustrated by looking through countless Web pages for what you want, and, in a fit of rage, shove your keyboard through the monitor, or throw your smart device in the lake and count how many times it skips.
You are very welcome. If you appreciate this kind of thing, please consider donating a single dollar to help keep this Web site running, and encourage me to do more by going to the [Help Cyberwolfman](helpcwm.htm "Where you can both help keep this Web site up and also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)") page, where you can also learn how you can help people the world over for free! :-)
[](helpcwm.htm#help_others)
[](helpcwm.htm)
\*VidScans™ Honest Movie Reviews™ Honest TV Show Reviews™ Copyright © Cyberwolfman™ AKA CyberWoLfman™ AKA Grok Wolf. All Rights Reserved. ᛇ ᛃ
#####
Featured Pages:
| |
| --- |
| [Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown and Sea Level Rise!](climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm)
[Climate Change AKA Climate Breakdown, Sea Level Rise, Global Warming and Fossil Fuels](climate_change_global_warming_sea_level_rise_fossil_fuels.htm "Can humans control their greed before it's too late?")
|
| |
| --- |
| [What's Wrong with America picture](whats_wrong_with_america_and_how_to_fix_it.htm)
[What's Wrong with America](whats_wrong_with_america_and_how_to_fix_it.htm "Click to go to the What's Wrong with America and How to Fix It page")
|
| |
| --- |
| [Healthcare Reform page picture](healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm)
[Healthcare Reform](healthcare_reform_universal_healthcare_public_option.htm "Click to go to the Healthcare Reform page")
|
| |
| --- |
| [Drinking Water Safety](water_safe_drinking_water_tap_water_versus_bottled_water.htm)
[Drinking Water Safety](water_safe_drinking_water_tap_water_versus_bottled_water.htm "How safe is the water you drink, and do you REALLY want to know?")
|
| |
| --- |
| [3D Chat Programs picture](3d_chat.htm)
[3D Chat Programs](3d_chat.htm "Click to go to the 3D Chat Programs Review page")
|
| |
| --- |
| [Howl](howl.htm)
[Howl!](howl.htm "Werewolves, wolves, and teaches you how to howl!")
|
| http://cyberwolfman.com/ |
<!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.0 transitional//en">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
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<title>Project Xanadu®</title>
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<body>
<div align=right><font size=-2>xuHome-D65</font>
<br><font size=-2>17.05.07</font></div>
<blockquote><font size=+3>PROJECT XANADU</font><font size=+1>®</font>
<br>Founded 1960 * The Original Hypertext Project
<p><font size=-2>"Xanadu®" and the Eternal-Flaming-X logo are registered
trademarks of Project Xanadu.</font>
<div align=right><img SRC="http://xanadu.com/FlamingXpurpOnBlack-lg.png" NOSAVE BORDER=0 height=160 width=97></div>
</blockquote>
<blockquote><b><font size=+1>The computer world is not just technicality
and razzle-dazzle. It is a continual war over software politics and
paradigms. With ideas which are still radical, WE FIGHT ON.</font></b>
<p><b><font size=+1>We hope for vindication, the last laugh, and recognition
as an additional standard-- electronic documents with visible connections.</font></b>
<blockquote>
<hr WIDTH="100%"></blockquote>
<b><font size=+1>We propose a new kind of writing-- PARALLEL PAGES, VISIBLY
CONNECTED.</font></b>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><b>Consider some <a href="http://xanadu.com/xUniverse-D6">examples
from our previous work</a>--</b></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<center><img SRC="http://xanadu.com/ptf1.png" NOSAVE height=97 width=153></center>
<blockquote>
<blockquote><b>Consider our original ideas, as presented in Werner Herzog's
movie, "<a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bqx6li5dbEY">Lo and Behold</a>",</b>
<center><img SRC="http://xanadu.com/LoGesture.png" NOSAVE height=107 width=170></center>
<p><b>Consider our best viewer, as presented in <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yLNGUeHapA">Arthur
Bullard's video</a> of XanaduSpace</b><font size=-2> --</font>
<center>
<p><img SRC="http://xanadu.com/PointingAtXusp.png" NOSAVE height=86 width=177></center>
<div align=right><b>For the story of this viewer and to download it, go
<a href="http://xanadu.com/xuspViewer.html">here</a>.</b></div>
<b></b>
<p><br><b>And here's a new working viewer, presented in this video, "<a href="http://youtube.com/watch?v=72M5kcnAL-4">New
Game in Town</a>".</b>
<center>
<p><img SRC="http://xanadu.com/xuCambLink.png" NOSAVE height=100 width=209></center>
<div align=right><b>To find out how it works and how to use it, go <a href="http://xanadu.com/xuDemoPage.html">here</a>.</b></div>
</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<hr WIDTH="100%">
<blockquote><b>DIFFERENT COPYRIGHT SYSTEM REQUIRED. Our matching
copyright system for indirect content: the
<a href="http://xanadu.com/xuTco.html">transcopyright
license</a>, permitting remix in any context and any quantity, and with
automatic attribution of authorship.</b></blockquote>
</blockquote>
<font size=+2></font>
</body>
</html>
|
Project Xanadu®
xuHome-D65
17.05.07
> PROJECT XANADU®
>
> Founded 1960 \* The Original Hypertext Project
> "Xanadu®" and the Eternal-Flaming-X logo are registered
> trademarks of Project Xanadu.
> 
>
>
>
> **The computer world is not just technicality
> and razzle-dazzle. It is a continual war over software politics and
> paradigms. With ideas which are still radical, WE FIGHT ON.**
> **We hope for vindication, the last laugh, and recognition
> as an additional standard-- electronic documents with visible connections.**
>
> >
> >
> >
> > ---
> >
> >
>
>
> **We propose a new kind of writing-- PARALLEL PAGES, VISIBLY
> CONNECTED.**
>
> >
> >
> > > **Consider some [examples
> > > from our previous work](http://xanadu.com/xUniverse-D6)--**
> >
> >
> >
>
>
> 
>
> >
> >
> > > **Consider our original ideas, as presented in Werner Herzog's
> > > movie, "[Lo and Behold](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Bqx6li5dbEY)",**
> > > 
> > > **Consider our best viewer, as presented in [Arthur
> > > Bullard's video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1yLNGUeHapA) of XanaduSpace** --
> > >
> > > 
> > >
> > >
> > > **For the story of this viewer and to download it, go
> > > [here](http://xanadu.com/xuspViewer.html).**
> > >
> > >
> > > **And here's a new working viewer, presented in this video, "[New
> > > Game in Town](http://youtube.com/watch?v=72M5kcnAL-4)".**
> > >
> > > 
> > >
> > >
> > > **To find out how it works and how to use it, go [here](http://xanadu.com/xuDemoPage.html).**
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> > >
> >
> >
> >
>
>
>
>
> ---
>
>
>
> > **DIFFERENT COPYRIGHT SYSTEM REQUIRED. Our matching
> > copyright system for indirect content: the
> > [transcopyright
> > license](http://xanadu.com/xuTco.html), permitting remix in any context and any quantity, and with
> > automatic attribution of authorship.**
>
>
>
>
>
| https://xanadu.com/ |
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<HEAD><TITLE>Trenches on the Web - Timeline: 1914-1918 - Casualty Figures</TITLE>
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<H2>1914-1918 - Casualty Figures</H2>
<P><TABLE COLSPEC="L20" BORDER=3 WIDTH=250>
<TR><TD><IMG SRC="misc/rr052a.jpg" WIDTH=250 HEIGHT=385></TD></TR>
<TR><TD ALIGN=CENTER><FONT SIZE=-1>Dead German troops, Oct-1915</FONT></TD></TR>
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<P>
<TABLE WIDTH=80%>
<TR><TD>
<P>The casualty figures below are presented both in numbers and as a percent of the total forces mobilized. This method allows us to see the severe toll the war took on the smaller countries such as Rumania, where numbers alone don't convey the loss. These figures are from Susan Everett's <I>History of World War I</I> (page 248). No two books tend to have the same figures so don't worry if you see different numbers elsewhere. They are representitive enough for the comparitive purpose intended here.
<P ALIGN=CENTER><B>Note:</B> The Central Powers are <FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>titled in red</B></FONT>.
<P><A HREF="stats/casualty.zip">Click here</A> to download a zip file containing the Microsoft Excel version 5.0 spreadsheet (casualty.zip, 7K) of this data with sample charts. The spreadsheet does not contain macros and is safe to download.
<P> <P align="center"><b>PLEASE READ BEFORE EMAILING ME ON OMISSIONS </b><P>Please
be aware that these figures are taken from the Official History of the war.
Allied Dominion figures were not broken out. Thus countries including Australia,
Canada, and New Zealand are not listed separately - so I didn't have the data
available for the various statistical groupings offered below. I fully
appreciate the contributions made by these nations and in no way am I
downplaying the important role they played. Keep in mind that I'm a yank, but
you'll find more information at this site on Australia, Canada, and New Zealand
than you will on the US.
</TD></TR>
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<UL>
<LH><STRONG>See also:</STRONG></LH>
<LI><A HREF="sfnum.htm">The Great War in Numbers</A>
</UL>
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<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/eww146a.jpg" WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=321 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1>Assisting a wounded mate.</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by number Mobilized</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Mobilized</B> <B>Dead</B> <B>Wounded</B> <B>Missing/PoW</B>
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/nmob.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/nmob.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/eww146b.jpg" WIDTH=250 HEIGHT=218 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1>Artillery aftermath.</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by number dead</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Mobilized</B> <B>Dead</B> <B>Wounded</B> <B>Missing/PoW</B>
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/ndead.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/ndead.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/eww207.jpg" WIDTH=350 HEIGHT=233 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1>A few of the 240,000 British war amputees.</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by number wounded</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Mobilized</B> <B>Dead</B> <B>Wounded</B> <B>Missing/PoW</B>
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/nwound.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/nwound.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="misc/fww3239b.jpg" WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=307 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1><I>Seriously wounded man: Somme, 1916</I><BR>by Andre Dunoyer de Segonzac</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by number missing/PoW</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Mobilized</B> <B>Dead</B> <B>Wounded</B> <B>Missing/PoW</B>
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/nmisspow.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/nmisspow.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/fww3428c.jpg" WIDTH=300 HEIGHT=206 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1>Polish dead in Latvia.</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by percent dead of total Mobilized</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Dead %</B> <B>Wounded %</B> <B>Missing/PoW %</B>
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/pdead.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/pdead.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/tgw366.jpg" WIDTH=200 HEIGHT=293 BORDER=2><BR><FONT SIZE=-1>One of the "men with broken faces."</FONT>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by percent wounded of total Mobilized</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Dead %</B> <B>Wounded %</B> <B>Missing/PoW %</B>
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/pwound.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/pwound.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><IMG SRC="photos/gwx02.jpg" WIDTH=400 HEIGHT=210 BORDER=2>
<PRE>
<CENTER><B><FONT SIZE=+1>Sorted by percent missing/PoW of total Mobilized</FONT></B></CENTER>
<B>Dead %</B> <B>Wounded %</B> <B>Missing/PoW %</B>
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Austria-Hungary</B></FONT> 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Germany</B></FONT> 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Turkey</B></FONT> 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
<FONT COLOR=#FF0000><B>Bulgaria</B></FONT> 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
</pre>
<P ALIGN=CENTER><A HREF="stats/pmisspow.gif"><IMG SRC="images/graphbut.gif" WIDTH=100 HEIGHT=45 ALIGN=ABSMIDDLE></A> <A HREF="stats/pmisspow.gif">Click here for graph of table</A>
<P><HR WIDTH=60% SIZE=1>
<pre>These figures from <I>The Two World Wars, Vol I - World War I</I> by Susan Everett
Published 1980 by Bison Books
<B>Notes:</B>
Russia.wounded - Includes 1,450,000 permanently disabled
France.wounded - Includes 690,000 permanently disabled
Rumania.dead - Excludes 265,000 civilians dead and missing
Portugal.wounded - Western front only. Another 6,000 dead in Africa
<B><FONT COLOR=#FF0000>Turkey</FONT></B>.wounded - 1,565,000 including invalids and deserters
<B><FONT COLOR=#FF0000>Bulgaria</FONT></B>.wounded - Excluding those that died of disease during autumn 1918 retreat
</pre>
</TD></TR>
</TABLE>
<BR>
<!--#include file="includes/tltool.htm"-->
<!--#include file="includes/stdtlr.htm"-->
|
Trenches on the Web - Timeline: 1914-1918 - Casualty Figures
|
1914-1918 - Casualty Figures
| |
| --- |
| |
| Dead German troops, Oct-1915 |
| |
| --- |
| The casualty figures below are presented both in numbers and as a percent of the total forces mobilized. This method allows us to see the severe toll the war took on the smaller countries such as Rumania, where numbers alone don't convey the loss. These figures are from Susan Everett's *History of World War I* (page 248). No two books tend to have the same figures so don't worry if you see different numbers elsewhere. They are representitive enough for the comparitive purpose intended here.
**Note:** The Central Powers are **titled in red**.
[Click here](stats/casualty.zip) to download a zip file containing the Microsoft Excel version 5.0 spreadsheet (casualty.zip, 7K) of this data with sample charts. The spreadsheet does not contain macros and is safe to download.
**PLEASE READ BEFORE EMAILING ME ON OMISSIONS**Please
be aware that these figures are taken from the Official History of the war.
Allied Dominion figures were not broken out. Thus countries including Australia,
Canada, and New Zealand are not listed separately - so I didn't have the data
available for the various statistical groupings offered below. I fully
appreciate the contributions made by these nations and in no way am I
downplaying the important role they played. Keep in mind that I'm a yank, but
you'll find more information at this site on Australia, Canada, and New Zealand
than you will on the US.
|
| |
| --- |
| **See also:*** [The Great War in Numbers](sfnum.htm)
|
| |
| --- |
| Assisting a wounded mate.
```
**Sorted by number Mobilized**
**Mobilized** **Dead** **Wounded** **Missing/PoW**
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
**Germany** 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
**Austria-Hungary** 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
**Turkey** 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
**Bulgaria** 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/nmob.gif)
---
Artillery aftermath.
```
**Sorted by number dead**
**Mobilized** **Dead** **Wounded** **Missing/PoW**
**Germany** 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
**Austria-Hungary** 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
**Turkey** 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
**Bulgaria** 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/ndead.gif)
---
A few of the 240,000 British war amputees.
```
**Sorted by number wounded**
**Mobilized** **Dead** **Wounded** **Missing/PoW**
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
**Germany** 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
**Austria-Hungary** 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
**Turkey** 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
**Bulgaria** 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/nwound.gif)
---
*Seriously wounded man: Somme, 1916*by Andre Dunoyer de Segonzac
```
**Sorted by number missing/PoW**
**Mobilized** **Dead** **Wounded** **Missing/PoW**
Russia 12,000,000 1,700,000 4,950,000 2,500,000
**Austria-Hungary** 7,800,000 1,200,000 3,620,000 2,200,000
**Germany** 11,000,000 1,773,700 4,216,058 1,152,800
Italy 5,615,000 650,000 947,000 600,000
France 8,410,000 1,375,800 4,266,000 537,000
**Turkey** 2,850,000 325,000 400,000 250,000
Great Britain 8,904,467 908,371 2,090,212 191,652
Serbia 707,343 45,000 133,148 152,958
Rumania 750,000 335,706 120,000 80,000
Belgium 267,000 13,716 44,686 34,659
**Bulgaria** 1,200,000 87,500 152,390 27,029
Portugal 100,000 7,222 13,751 12,318
Montenegro 50,000 3,000 10,000 7,000
US 4,355,000 126,000 234,300 4,526
Greece 230,000 5,000 21,000 1,000
Japan 800,000 300 907 3
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/nmisspow.gif)
---
Polish dead in Latvia.
```
**Sorted by percent dead of total Mobilized**
**Dead %** **Wounded %** **Missing/PoW %**
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
**Germany** 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
**Austria-Hungary** 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
**Turkey** 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
**Bulgaria** 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/pdead.gif)
---
One of the "men with broken faces."
```
**Sorted by percent wounded of total Mobilized**
**Dead %** **Wounded %** **Missing/PoW %**
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
**Austria-Hungary** 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
**Germany** 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
**Turkey** 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
**Bulgaria** 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/pwound.gif)
---
```
**Sorted by percent missing/PoW of total Mobilized**
**Dead %** **Wounded %** **Missing/PoW %**
**Austria-Hungary** 15.38% 46.41% 28.21%
Serbia 6.36% 18.82% 21.62%
Russia 14.17% 41.25% 20.83%
Montenegro 6.00% 20.00% 14.00%
Belgium 5.14% 16.74% 12.98%
Portugal 7.22% 13.75% 12.32%
Italy 11.58% 16.87% 10.69%
Rumania 44.76% 16.00% 10.67%
**Germany** 16.12% 38.33% 10.48%
**Turkey** 11.40% 14.04% 8.77%
France 16.36% 50.73% 6.39%
**Bulgaria** 7.29% 12.70% 2.25%
Great Britain 10.20% 23.47% 2.15%
Greece 2.17% 9.13% 0.43%
US 2.89% 5.38% 0.10%
Japan 0.04% 0.11% 0.00%
```
[Click here for graph of table](stats/pmisspow.gif)
---
```
These figures from *The Two World Wars, Vol I - World War I* by Susan Everett
Published 1980 by Bison Books
**Notes:**
Russia.wounded - Includes 1,450,000 permanently disabled
France.wounded - Includes 690,000 permanently disabled
Rumania.dead - Excludes 265,000 civilians dead and missing
Portugal.wounded - Western front only. Another 6,000 dead in Africa
**Turkey**.wounded - 1,565,000 including invalids and deserters
**Bulgaria**.wounded - Excluding those that died of disease during autumn 1918 retreat
```
|
|
| http://www.worldwar1.com/tlcrates.htm |
<html>
<head>
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon.png">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
<title>The Amazing FishCam -- the oldest live camera on the Internet</title>
<meta name="description" content="A live camera filming a saltwater aquarium. The original FishCam!">
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var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s);
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var currentImageSize = getQueryVariable("size");
var currentTimeOffset = getQueryVariable("timeOffset");
var zoom = getQueryVariable("zoom");
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currentImageSize = "1280";
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zoomOn = true;
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if(currentTimeOffset == "")
{
var zoomString = "";
if(zoomOn)
zoomString = "zoom_";
url += "liveimage_" + zoomString + currentImageSize + ".jpg?camera=0&";
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else
{
if(zoomOn)
zoomString = "&zoom=1";
url += "cgi-bin/getOlderImage.pl?offset=" + currentTimeOffset + zoomString + "&res=" + currentImageSize + "&";
}
var now = new Date();
url += now.getTime();
return url;
}
// take the current document URL and invert the zoom parameter
// turn on zoom if off, turn off if on
function reverseZoomFromCurrentURL()
{
var url = document.URL;
var index = url.indexOf("zoom=");
if(index == -1)
{
// just add zoom=1 because zoom must be off
var index2 = url.indexOf("?");
if(index2 == -1)
url += "?zoom=1";
else
url += "&zoom=1";
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else
{
if(url.charAt(index+5) == '0')
url = url.replace("zoom=0", "zoom=1");
else
url = url.replace("zoom=1", "zoom=0");
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return url;
}
function reloadImage()
{
document.images['image0'].src = getImageURL();
}
function SetReloadTimeout()
{
setTimeout("reloadImage()", 4000);
}
function getQueryVariable(variable) {
var query = window.location.search.substring(1);
var vars = query.split("&");
for (var i=0;i<vars.length;i++) {
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if (pair[0] == variable) {
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return "";
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<table bgcolor="#FFFFFF" width="100%" align=center cellpadding=12>
<tr>
<td>
<img alt="" src="static_images/fishcam_banner.jpg" style="float:left; vertical-align:middle;">
<h1> The Amazing FishCam</h1>
<br clear="left">
<p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<ul class="nav nav-tabs" id="myTab">
<li class="active"><a href="/home.html">Main Page</a></li>
<li><a href="https://sites.google.com/a/montulli.org/about-fishcam/Home">FishCam Information</a></li>
<li><a href="https://sites.google.com/a/montulli.org/about-fishcam/Home/newsevents">News/Events</a></li>
</ul>
<table width="100%" cellpadding="10" style="border-top: 1px solid grey">
<tr>
<td>
<div>Way back in 1994 a camera was trained upon a lonely fishtank within the as yet unknown company Netscape.</div>
<div>The FishCam transmitted live images of the fishtank to the emerging new landscape known as the World Wide Web.</div>
<div>The FishCam was the second live camera on the web and is the oldest camera site still in existence.</div>
<br>
<br>
<div>Note: the fish tank is currently transitioning to a new location. The camera is now pointed outside to catch any view we can.</div>
<p>
<script type="text/javascript">
document.write('<form action="/" method="get">');
var timeOffset = getQueryVariable("timeOffset");
if(timeOffset != "")
{
document.write('<input type="hidden" name="timeOffset" value="');
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}
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Image Size: \
<select name="size" size="1" style="height: 30px; font-size: 18px;" class="courier" onchange="this.form.submit()">');
currentImageSize = getQueryVariable("size");
if(currentImageSize == "")
currentImageSize = 1280; // default
document.write('<option value="1280"');
if(currentImageSize == "1280")
document.write(' selected ');
document.write('>Classic: 1280x720');
document.write('<option value="youtube"');
if(currentImageSize == "youtube")
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// write the image tag with the selected image size using "?size=1024"
if('youtube' == getQueryVariable("size")) {
document.write("<iframe width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Wu4nAOA6Y68?autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen></iframe>\n");
} else {
document.write('<img style="max-width: 100%;" border="0" src="');
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</script>
<noscript>
<img src=live_images/liveimage_1280.jpg>
</noscript>
<p>
<font size="-2">
Please note: If the picture is black & white or very dark it probably means the lights are off. The camera has an IR mode for night time viewing with two IR illuminators.
</font>
<p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
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<table height="10">
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</td>
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</table>
</body>
</html>
|
The Amazing FishCam -- the oldest live camera on the Internet
// GOOGLE analytics snipit
var \_gaq = \_gaq || [];
\_gaq.push(['\_setAccount', 'UA-19424977-2']);
\_gaq.push(['\_trackPageview']);
(function() {
var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true;
ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js';
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})();
function getImageURL() {
var currentImageSize = getQueryVariable("size");
var currentTimeOffset = getQueryVariable("timeOffset");
var zoom = getQueryVariable("zoom");
var url = "live\_images/";
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currentImageSize = "1280";
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{
zoomOn = false;
}
else
{
zoomOn = true;
}
if(currentTimeOffset == "")
{
var zoomString = "";
if(zoomOn)
zoomString = "zoom\_";
url += "liveimage\_" + zoomString + currentImageSize + ".jpg?camera=0&";
}
else
{
if(zoomOn)
zoomString = "&zoom=1";
url += "cgi-bin/getOlderImage.pl?offset=" + currentTimeOffset + zoomString + "&res=" + currentImageSize + "&";
}
var now = new Date();
url += now.getTime();
return url;
}
// take the current document URL and invert the zoom parameter
// turn on zoom if off, turn off if on
function reverseZoomFromCurrentURL()
{
var url = document.URL;
var index = url.indexOf("zoom=");
if(index == -1)
{
// just add zoom=1 because zoom must be off
var index2 = url.indexOf("?");
if(index2 == -1)
url += "?zoom=1";
else
url += "&zoom=1";
}
else
{
if(url.charAt(index+5) == '0')
url = url.replace("zoom=0", "zoom=1");
else
url = url.replace("zoom=1", "zoom=0");
}
return url;
}
function reloadImage()
{
document.images['image0'].src = getImageURL();
}
function SetReloadTimeout()
{
setTimeout("reloadImage()", 4000);
}
function getQueryVariable(variable) {
var query = window.location.search.substring(1);
var vars = query.split("&");
for (var i=0;i<vars.length;i++) {
var pair = vars[i].split("=");
if (pair[0] == variable) {
return pair[1];
}
}
return "";
}
| |
| --- |
|
The Amazing FishCam
|
* [Main Page](/home.html)
* [FishCam Information](https://sites.google.com/a/montulli.org/about-fishcam/Home)
* [News/Events](https://sites.google.com/a/montulli.org/about-fishcam/Home/newsevents)
| |
| --- |
| Way back in 1994 a camera was trained upon a lonely fishtank within the as yet unknown company Netscape.
The FishCam transmitted live images of the fishtank to the emerging new landscape known as the World Wide Web.
The FishCam was the second live camera on the web and is the oldest camera site still in existence.
Note: the fish tank is currently transitioning to a new location. The camera is now pointed outside to catch any view we can.
document.write('<form action="/" method="get">');
var timeOffset = getQueryVariable("timeOffset");
if(timeOffset != "")
{
document.write('<input type="hidden" name="timeOffset" value="');
document.write(timeOffset);
document.write('">');
}
document.write('\
Image Size: \
<select name="size" size="1" style="height: 30px; font-size: 18px;" class="courier" onchange="this.form.submit()">');
currentImageSize = getQueryVariable("size");
if(currentImageSize == "")
currentImageSize = 1280; // default
document.write('<option value="1280"');
if(currentImageSize == "1280")
document.write(' selected ');
document.write('>Classic: 1280x720');
document.write('<option value="youtube"');
if(currentImageSize == "youtube")
document.write(' selected ');
document.write('>YouTube live');
document.write('\
</select>\
</form>\
');
// write the image tag with the selected image size using "?size=1024"
if('youtube' == getQueryVariable("size")) {
document.write("<iframe width=\"720\" height=\"405\" src=\"https://www.youtube.com/embed/Wu4nAOA6Y68?autoplay=1\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture\" allowfullscreen></iframe>\n");
} else {
document.write('<img style="max-width: 100%;" border="0" src="');
document.write(getImageURL());
document.write('" alt="Hit Refresh To Restart Stream" name="image0" onload="SetReloadTimeout()">');
}
Please note: If the picture is black & white or very dark it probably means the lights are off. The camera has an IR mode for night time viewing with two IR illuminators.
|
| |
| --- |
| |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [flymoment.com](http://www.flymoment.com) | [Firefox](https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/) |
| https://www.fishcam.com/ |
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text-decoration: none;
display: inline-block;
font-size: 16px;
margin: 4px 2px;
transition-duration: 0.4s;
cursor: pointer;
}
.button1 {
background-color: white;
color: black;
border: 2px solid #292929;
}
.button1:hover {
background-color: #f0ff21;
color: red;
border: 2px solid #ff4221;
}
Click Here To Try It!
| https://actiongrandma.neocities.org/ |
<head><title>Not Acceptable!</title></head><body><h1>Not Acceptable!</h1><p>An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server. This error was generated by Mod_Security.</p></body></html> | Not Acceptable!# Not Acceptable!
An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server. This error was generated by Mod\_Security.
| http://myoldcomputers.com/museum/history_of_the_museum.htm |
<html>
<head>
<title>SONIC ADVENTURE</title>
<STYLE TYPE="text/css">
<!--
BODY {
background-image: url(newtop.gif);
background-attachment:fixed;
background-position:center center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
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</STYLE>
</head>
<body bgcolor="white" link="red">
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" class="style3" border=2>
<div align="center">
<table width="640" border="0" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1" bgcolor="#ffff00" align="center">
<tr>
<td>
<div align="center"><font face="Comic Sans MS"><b>SONIC
ADVENTURE </b></font></div>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
</td></tr>
<table border=1 width="640" align="center">
<tr>
<td height="20" align="center" bgcolor="#002288" class="style3">
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>Vµ¢R[i[ªÅ«Üµ½IK©I<br>
</b><a href="snd/index.html"><b>\jbNAhx`[TEhÌy[W</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>u\jbN
Ahx`[vLOCxg<br>
</b><a href="info/news1225.html"><b>ÍA±ñÈ´¶¾Á½æB</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>u\jbN
Ahx`[v®¬I<br>
</b><a href="info/news1218.html"><b>ÅA¿åÁƨµç¹</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>±êmÁĽH<br>
</b><a href="info/hekiga/hekiga0.html"><b>aJXyCâÌ\jbN</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>¹ybcæñeIÜàÈI<br>
</b><a href="info/cd_vocalmini.html"><b>\jbNAhx`[ÌH[J~jAo<br>
["Songs With Attitude"]</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>u±vÙ}mI<br>
</b><a href="info/advnews1106.html"><b>\jbNAhx`[be<br>
úfª¦Üµ½I</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>¨Ü½¹I<br>
</b><a href="dload/cfvol1.html"><b>\jbNAhx`[be<br>
_E[hJnI</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>ÌÁÄËI<br>
</b><a href="dload/advtheme.html"><b>Ce[}ÌÌðöJI<br>
[SONICTEAM "PowerPlay"]</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>ÜàÈIL~Íà¤\ñµ½H<br>
</b><a href="info/cd_teambest2.html"><b>\jbN`[ÌxXgAo<br>
[SONICTEAM "PowerPlay"]</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>ÅVæðöJI<br>
</b><a href="shot/shot_advss.html"><b>uAhx`[tB[hÁW(P)v</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>D]É«æñeI<br>
</b><a href="chao/chao1102.html"><b>u`IÌÅVæv</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>PáI<br>
</b><a href="dload/omake1102.html"><b>¨Ü¯Ç_E[hI</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>_E[hµÄϿᨤI<br>
</b><a href="dload/mov1009.html"><b>\jbNAhx`[ÅV[r[</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>rW
A[ÌqofIQ[VEÅàöJ<br>
</b><a href="chao/chao1009.html"><b>h`IhÁÄÈ`ÉH</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>±êªÅãI<br>
</b><a href="info/buppan1.html"><b>u\jbNAhx`[§ì\ïvÀèObYI</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>境I<br>
</b><a href="info/cd_teambest.html"><b>u\jbN`[xXgAovèI</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <a href="shot/stage922.html"><b>ÅVQ[æÊðÇÁI</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/822osarai.html"><b>\į̈³ç¢iWithAæj</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/newsonic.html">±êªVµ¢\jbNÌfUCI</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/screen822.html">»µÄæÊÊ^àöJI</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/presonic.html">Vµ¢\jbNÌfUCÍǤÈéH</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/jikki.html">h[LXgÅ®¢Äé¼II</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <b>ÅIñI<a href="info/nanbei3.html">[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiSj</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/818pc.html">{úÌÅVæðê_\I</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/nanbei2.html">[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiRj</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="70" align="center" valign="center" class="style3"> <b>¢ëñÈîÅs¯È¢ ȽÉNñI<br>
[\ïC^[lbgp]âèÜ·II<br>
</b>ïêÌ»±ðµÅà¡íÁÄËB¨¤¿Å·èãªë¤I
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/houkoku817.html"><b>\ïÌõͲ¾æI</b></a>
</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/maintheme.html">Ce[}È@\ïo[WI</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <b><a href="info/nanbei1.html">[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiQj</a></b> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/advlogo.html"><b>urnmhb `
v^CgSèI</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/822cf.html"><b>\ïmbe¢æ¢æJnI</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/happyoukai_add0.html"><b>\ïÇÁîñI</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/nanbei0.html"><b>[AÚH]\jbN`[ìÄÉs</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/happyoukai.html"><b>WQQúurnmhb `
§ì\ïv</b></a>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/train.html"><b>¡ú©çIu\jbNªRèüðWbNIv</b></a> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td width="640" height="40" align="center" class="style3"> <a href="info/omake0716.html"><b>PáIu¨Ü¯Ìy[Wv</b></a> </td>
</tr>
</table>
<center class="style3">
<br>
<a href="http://www.sonicteam.com/" target="_top"><strong><< ßé >></strong></a>
</center>
</body>
</html>
|
SONIC ADVENTURE
<!--
BODY {
background-image: url(newtop.gif);
background-attachment:fixed;
background-position:center center;
background-repeat:no-repeat;
}
.style3 {font-size: 12px}
-->
|
| |
| --- |
| **SONIC
ADVENTURE** |
|
| |
| --- |
| |
| **Vµ¢R[i[ªÅ«Üµ½IK©I**[**\jbNAhx`[TEhÌy[W**](snd/index.html) |
| **u\jbN
Ahx`[vLOCxg**[**ÍA±ñÈ´¶¾Á½æB**](info/news1225.html) |
| **u\jbN
Ahx`[v®¬I**[**ÅA¿åÁƨµç¹**](info/news1218.html) |
| **±êmÁĽH**[**aJXyCâÌ\jbN**](info/hekiga/hekiga0.html) |
| **¹ybcæñeIÜàÈI**[**\jbNAhx`[ÌH[J~jAo
["Songs With Attitude"]**](info/cd_vocalmini.html) |
| **u±vÙ}mI**[**\jbNAhx`[be
úfª¦Üµ½I**](info/advnews1106.html) |
| **¨Ü½¹I**[**\jbNAhx`[be
\_E[hJnI**](dload/cfvol1.html) |
| **ÌÁÄËI**[**Ce[}ÌÌðöJI
[SONICTEAM "PowerPlay"]**](dload/advtheme.html) |
| **ÜàÈIL~Íà¤\ñµ½H**[**\jbN`[ÌxXgAo
[SONICTEAM "PowerPlay"]**](info/cd_teambest2.html) |
| **ÅVæðöJI**[**uAhx`[tB[hÁW(P)v**](shot/shot_advss.html) |
| **D]É«æñeI**[**u`IÌÅVæv**](chao/chao1102.html) |
| **PáI**[**¨Ü¯Ç\_E[hI**](dload/omake1102.html) |
| **\_E[hµÄϿᨤI**[**\jbNAhx`[ÅV[r[**](dload/mov1009.html) |
| **rW
A[ÌqofIQ[VEÅàöJ**[**h`IhÁÄÈ`ÉH**](chao/chao1009.html) |
| **±êªÅãI**[**u\jbNAhx`[§ì\ïvÀèObYI**](info/buppan1.html) |
| **¢ÉI**[**u\jbN`[xXgAovèI**](info/cd_teambest.html) |
| [**ÅVQ[æÊðÇÁI**](shot/stage922.html) |
| [**\į̈³ç¢iWithAæj**](info/822osarai.html) |
| **[±êªVµ¢\jbNÌfUCI](info/newsonic.html)** |
| **[»µÄæÊÊ^àöJI](info/screen822.html)** |
| **[Vµ¢\jbNÌfUCÍǤÈéH](info/presonic.html)** |
| **[h[LXgÅ®¢Äé¼II](info/jikki.html)** |
| **ÅIñI[[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiSj](info/nanbei3.html)** |
| **[{úÌÅVæðê\_\I](info/818pc.html)** |
| **[[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiRj](info/nanbei2.html)** |
| **¢ëñÈîÅs¯È¢ ȽÉNñI
[\ïC^[lbgp]âèÜ·II**ïêÌ»±ðµÅà¡íÁÄËB¨¤¿Å·èãªë¤I
|
| **[**\ïÌõͲ¾æI**](info/houkoku817.html)** |
| **[Ce[}È@\ïo[WI](info/maintheme.html)** |
| **[[AÚ]\jbN`[ìÄÉsiQj](info/nanbei1.html)** |
| [**urnmhb `
v^CgSèI**](info/advlogo.html) |
| [**\ïmbe¢æ¢æJnI**](info/822cf.html) |
| [**\ïÇÁîñI**](info/happyoukai_add0.html) |
| [**[AÚH]\jbN`[ìÄÉs**](info/nanbei0.html) |
| [**WQQúurnmhb `
§ì\ïv**](info/happyoukai.html) |
| [**¡ú©çIu\jbNªRèüðWbNIv**](info/train.html) |
| [**PáIu¨Ü¯Ìy[Wv**](info/omake0716.html) |
[**<< ßé >>**](http://www.sonicteam.com/)
| http://sonic.sega.jp/sonicadv/ |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//IETF//DTD HTML 2.0//EN">
<html><head>
<title>406 Not Acceptable</title>
</head><body>
<h1>Not Acceptable</h1>
<p>An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server.</p>
<p>Additionally, a 406 Not Acceptable
error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.</p>
</body></html>
|
406 Not Acceptable
# Not Acceptable
An appropriate representation of the requested resource could not be found on this server.
Additionally, a 406 Not Acceptable
error was encountered while trying to use an ErrorDocument to handle the request.
| http://hermit-crabs.com/care.html |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.1//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml11/DTD/xhtml11.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en">
<head>
<!-- Yandex.Metrika counter --> <script type="text/javascript">(function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)};m[i].l=1*new Date();k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)})(window,document,"script","https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js","ym");ym(88853737,"init",{clickmap:true,trackLinks:true,accurateTrackBounce:true});</script> <object><noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/88853737" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt=""/></div></noscript></object> <!-- /Yandex.Metrika counter -->
<meta name="author" content="Koshka"/>
<meta name="description" content="Informative shrine to the Ancient Egyptian/Kemetic goddess Bast (Bastet)."/>
<meta name="keywords" content="Bast,Bastet,Kemetism,Kemetic,Egypt,Ancient Egypt,Cats,Cat,Cat Goddess,Goddess"/>
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"/>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="application/xhtml+xml; charset=utf-8"/>
<title>Per-Bast (Bast's Domain)</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="koshka.css"/>
<link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="favicon.ico"/>
<link href="https://koshka.love/koshka.rss" rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="RSS feed"/>
<meta name="og:site_name" content="Koshka's Kingdom"/>
<meta name="og:title" content="Per-Bast (Bast's Domain)"/>
<meta name="og:description" content="Informative shrine to the Ancient Egyptian/Kemetic goddess Bast (Bastet)."/>
<meta name="og:type" content="article"/>
<meta name="og:image" content="https://koshka.love/bastankh2.png"/>
<meta name="og:image:type" content="image/png"/>
<meta name="og:image:width" content="800"/>
<meta name="og:image:height" content="800"/>
<meta name="og:url" content="https://koshka.love/perbast.html"/>
<meta name="twitter:card" content="bastankh2.png"/>
<link rel="canonical" href="https://koshka.love/perbast.html"/>
<style type="text/css">
body
{
background-image: url('PerBastBackground.png');
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);
}
.bastcontent
{
margin-left: 18%;
margin-right: 4%;
background: rgb(0, 0, 0);
border-style: ridge;
border-color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
border-width: 3px;
padding: 10px;
}
.bastsidebar
{
position: absolute;
left: 2%;
width: 150px;
text-align: left;
border-style: solid;
border-color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
border-width: 2px;
background: rgb(0, 0, 0);
}
hr
{
border-style: groove;
border-color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
border-width: 2px;
width: 80%;
}
h2
{
color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
text-align: center;
}
a:link
{
color: rgb(255, 255, 32);
}
a:visited
{
color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
}
a:hover
{
color: rgb(255, 255, 128);
}
.ankhleft
{
float: left;
}
.ankhright
{
float: right;
}
.section
{
padding: 0px 35px 0px 35px;
}
h1
{
text-align: center;
color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
}
.openingquote
{
display: inline-block;
text-align: center;
}
.mobileplebs
{
display: none;
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 950px)
{
.bastcontent
{
margin-right: 1%;
margin-left: calc(150px + 1%);
}
img
{
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
.bastsidebar
{
left: 0px;
border-width: 3px;
padding: 0px;
}
}
@media only screen and (max-width: 750px)
{
body
{
font-size: 1.07em;
}
.bastsidebar
{
display: none;
}
.bastcontent
{
max-width: 100%;
margin-left: 1%;
margin-right: 1%;
padding: 3px;
}
img
{
max-width: 100%;
height: auto;
}
.mobileplebs
{
display: block;
border-style: solid;
border-width: 2px 0px 2px 0px;
border-color: rgb(255, 215, 0);
background-color: rgb(0, 0, 0);
margin-bottom: 14px;
}
.headerimage
{
margin: 0px;
padding: 0px;
}
.mobileplebs a:link
{
padding: 10px 20px 10px 20px;
}
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="headerimage">
<a id="top"></a>
<img src="PerBastHeader.png" alt="Per Bast"/><p/></div>
<div class="bastsidebar">
<a href="index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/portal.png" alt="The Portal" title="The Portal"/></a><br/>
<a href="autism/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/ufo.png" alt="UFO" title="UFO"/></a><br/>
<a href="perbast.html"><img src="signs/perBast/perbast.png" alt="Per-Bast" title="Per-Bast"/></a><br/>
<a href="mwwwga.html"><img src="signs/perBast/mtwga.png" alt="Make WWW Great Again" title="Make The Web Great Again"/></a><br/>
<a href="dragon-ball/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/mtpaozu.png" alt="Mount Paozu" title="Mount Paozu"/></a><br/>
<a href="dos/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/dos.png" alt="DOS/Win9x Game Shrines" title="DOS/Win9x Game Shrines"/></a><br/>
<a href="zzt/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/zzt.png" alt="Town of ZZT" title="Town of ZZT"/></a><br/>
<a href="astrophysics/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/observatory.png" alt="Observatory" title="Observatory"/></a><br/>
<a href="evolutionary-biology/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/quarry.png" alt="The Quarry" title="The Quarry"/></a><br/>
<a href="babel/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/babel.png" alt="Library of Babel" title="Library of Babel"/></a><br/>
<a href="redforest.html"><img src="signs/perBast/redforest.png" alt="Red Forest" title="Red Forest"/></a><br/>
<a href="haunted_haus/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/hauntedhaus.png" alt="Haunted House" title="Haunted House"/></a><br/>
<a href="https://macula.koshka.love/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/macula.png" alt="Macula's Maze" title="Macula's Maze"/></a><br/>
<a href="reptilehaus.html"><img src="signs/perBast/reptilehaus.png" alt="Reptile House" title="Reptile House"/></a><br/>
<a href="irc/index.html"><img src="signs/perBast/irc.png" alt="KoshkaIRC" title="KoshkaIRC"/></a><br/>
<a href="wildcatden.html"><img src="signs/perBast/wildcatden.png" alt="Wildcat Den" title="Wildcat Den"/></a><br/>
<a href="scratchingpost.html"><img src="signs/perBast/scratchingpost.png" alt="The Scratching Post" title="The Scratching Post"/></a><br/>
<a href="links.html"><img src="signs/perBast/dock.png" alt="Dock"/></a><br/>
</div>
<div class="mobileplebs">
<a href="index.html">The Portal</a> •
<a href="autism/index.html">UFO</a> •
<a href="perbast.html">Per-Bast</a> •
<a href="mwwwga.html">Make WWW Great Again</a> •
<a href="dragon-ball/index.html">Mount Paozu</a> •
<a href="dos/index.html">DOS/Win9x Game Shrines</a> •
<a href="zzt/index.html">Town of ZZT</a> •
<a href="astrophysics/index.html">The Observatory</a> •
<a href="evolutionary-biology/index.html">The Quarry</a> •
<a href="babel/index.html">Library of Babel</a> •
<a href="redforest.html">Red Forest</a> •
<a href="haunted_haus/index.html">Haunted House</a> •
<a href="https://macula.koshka.love/index.html">Macula's Maze</a> •
<a href="reptilehaus.html">Reptile House</a> •
<a href="irc/index.html">KoshkaIRC</a> •
<a href="wildcatden.html">Wildcat Den</a> •
<a href="scratchingpost.html">The Scratching Post</a> •
<a href="links.html">The Dock</a><br/>
</div>
<div class="bastcontent">
<h1>Bast's Domain</h1>
<p/>
<div class="openingquote"><i>"The dog is a peasant and the cat is a gentleman. We may, indeed, judge the tone and bias of a civilisation by its relative attitude toward dogs and cats. The proud Egypt wherein Pharaoh was Pharaoh and pyramids rose in beauty at the wish of him who dreamed them bowed down to the cat, and temples were builded to its goddess at Bubastis."</i><p/>
<div class="ankhleft"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
<div class="ankhright"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div><a href="https://hplovecraft.com/writings/texts/essays/cd.aspx">- H.P. Lovecraft</a></div><br/>
<hr/>
<div class="section"><p/>
Welcome to Per-Bast, my online shrine to the Kemetic goddess Bast! You may know Her better by the (incorrect) name Bastet. Per-Bast, also known by the Greek name Bubastis, is the name of the famous ancient Egyptian city that housed the Temple of Bast millennia ago. On this page you can find information about Bast and some history about Her worship.<p/>
If you seek further information, I would advise checking out the Bast-related links on the <a href="links.html">links page (the Dock.)</a> The best way to learn more about Bast however, is to open your heart and pray to Her. Tragically, the vast amount of information about Bast and the other Netjer (goddesses/gods) has been lost to history, and as such there is only so much that can be learned from other people.
<p/>
I have a number of personal beliefs in regard to Bast and the other Netjer and how They relate to the Abrahamic religions now dominant in the world, but I will save those for the Library of Babel. Everything written on this page is based off of historical records about Bast worship.</div>
<hr/>
<p/>
<div class="ankhleft"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div><div class="ankhright"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
<div class="section"><h2>Who is Bast?</h2>
Bast is a cat Goddess, usually depicted as a cat-headed woman, a lion-headed woman, or a housecat adorned in Egyptian jewelry. She is the daughter of Ra and the sister of Sekhmet. Bast has a major role where She watches over and protects Her father, the life-giving Sun God Ra, as He makes His journey through the sky. Ra's biggest enemy is the evil god Apep and according to legend, Bast slays him in order to protect Her father. Apep is also the embodiment of darkness and chaos, and the enemy of Ma'at, which is both the concepts of light and truth, and the Goddess that embodies these concepts. Bast is known as the Lady of the East and the Light-Bearer due to this important role. She is associated with the Eye of Ra, which represents that She acts within Ra's power and is a protector god<p/>
In addition to being the protector of Ra, Bast is also a protector of cats and was the protector of the Pharaoh. She eventually became known as a protector of women and children. Along the time that this evolution occurred, Bast also began to be associated with Her lighter aspects - pleasure, music, dance, and fertility.<p/>
Bast is often portrayed holding a sistrum (ancient Egyptian instrument) or an Ankh. She is also sometimes depicted as holding a bag of kittens or having kittens by Her feet.<p/>
Bast's name can be translated literally as both "Devouring Lady," or "She of the Ointment Jar." Her name is often incorrectly written as "Bastet," which is a misunderstanding. The "et" was added to the end of Her name to preserve the proper pronunciation in later periods of Egypt history when the "t" sound at the end of some words began to vanish as a result of foreign influences. The "bas" in Her name is the hieroglyphic used for bas jars, which were jars used for storing perfumes and ointments, and the "t" is a feminine ending. The proper pronunciation of Her name would be something close to the pronunciation of "lost," except with a "b" replacing the "l."<p/></div>
<hr/>
<div class="ankhleft"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
<div class="ankhright"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
<div class="section"><h2>History of Bast Worship</h2>
Although most of the information about Bast worship is lamentably lost to time, it is known that She was worshipped since at least some time around 3,000 B.C., and continues to enjoy a following to this day. This means that Her worship predates not just any mainstream religion by millennia, but even predates the first pyramids in Egypt!<p/>
It is believed that She became known to ancient Egyptians when cats (most likely the <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/6/house-cat-origin-traced-to-middle-eastern-wildcat-ancestor/">Near Eastern Wildcat</a> or the <a href="https://bigcatswildcats.com/african-wildcat/">African Wildcat</a> of today, or a close ancestor) had begun to introduce themselves to their civilisation. Ancient Egyptians were plagued on one front by mice/rats that devoured their food supplies and spread disease, and by cobras and other venomous snakes on the other. The introduction of cats, who elegantly and efficiently protected the ancient Egyptians from these animals, soon caused Egyptians to begin to revere them and consider them divine. It is likely that this is the reason that Bast was worshipped as a protectoress and even a Goddess of war.<p/>
As more cats lived and died among the ancient Egyptians and they became more integrated into their society (I don't say domesticated because cats were never truly domesticated anywhere,) this brought on a steady change in how Bast was perceived across the land. As mentioned, Bast was initially a protector of cats, Her father Ra, and the Pharaoh and went on to also become a protector of women and children as Her depiction shifted from a lioness-headed woman to a cat-headed woman or a regular cat.<p/>
Owing to Bast's new association with women and fertility, it became popular for women who wanted children to wear special amulets with Bast and some kittens on them. The number of kittens was the number of children that the woman wanted to have. Other Bast amulets were worn to protect against disease and other dangers. Although She had gained a softer side, Bast's original fierce nature continued to exist -- like any cat or mother, She has both a nurturing and loving side, and a fierce and aggressive protectoress side.<p/>
One of the only accounts of Bast worship that survives to this day comes from the Greek historian Herodotus, <a href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2707">who visited Per-Bast circa 450 B.C.</a> and recalled hundreds of thousands of worshippers gathering to dance, drink wine, and celebrate. Herodotus also noted that cats in the city of Per-Bast were mummified after they passed on - an honour usually only reserved for wealthy humans - sometimes with mummified mice and jewelry for them to take to the afterlife. He observed that when a house cat passed on, their human family went through a period of grieving where every member of the family shaved their eyebrows.<p/>
Today, Bast continues to be worshipped by various Kemetic groups (reconstructions of ancient Egyptian religion,) cat lovers, and some paganists and wiccans.</div>
<hr/>
<div class="ankhleft"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div><div class="ankhright"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
<div class="section"><h2>How to Worship Bast</h2>
Like any other Kemetic deity, Bast should be worshipped via prayer and offerings. Specific types of offerings that Bast enjoys are meat, perfumes, ointments, catnip, and sweets such as honey. Personally I like to make a prayer and leave food and/or catnip in a designed spot outside for neighbourhood cats to find and take.</div>
<div class="footer">
<hr/>
<div class="ankhleft"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div><div class="ankhright"><img src="BastAnkh.png" alt="Golden Ankh"/></div>
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Per-Bast (Bast's Domain)
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# Bast's Domain
*"The dog is a peasant and the cat is a gentleman. We may, indeed, judge the tone and bias of a civilisation by its relative attitude toward dogs and cats. The proud Egypt wherein Pharaoh was Pharaoh and pyramids rose in beauty at the wish of him who dreamed them bowed down to the cat, and temples were builded to its goddess at Bubastis."*
[- H.P. Lovecraft](https://hplovecraft.com/writings/texts/essays/cd.aspx)
---
Welcome to Per-Bast, my online shrine to the Kemetic goddess Bast! You may know Her better by the (incorrect) name Bastet. Per-Bast, also known by the Greek name Bubastis, is the name of the famous ancient Egyptian city that housed the Temple of Bast millennia ago. On this page you can find information about Bast and some history about Her worship.
If you seek further information, I would advise checking out the Bast-related links on the [links page (the Dock.)](links.html) The best way to learn more about Bast however, is to open your heart and pray to Her. Tragically, the vast amount of information about Bast and the other Netjer (goddesses/gods) has been lost to history, and as such there is only so much that can be learned from other people.
I have a number of personal beliefs in regard to Bast and the other Netjer and how They relate to the Abrahamic religions now dominant in the world, but I will save those for the Library of Babel. Everything written on this page is based off of historical records about Bast worship.
---
## Who is Bast?
Bast is a cat Goddess, usually depicted as a cat-headed woman, a lion-headed woman, or a housecat adorned in Egyptian jewelry. She is the daughter of Ra and the sister of Sekhmet. Bast has a major role where She watches over and protects Her father, the life-giving Sun God Ra, as He makes His journey through the sky. Ra's biggest enemy is the evil god Apep and according to legend, Bast slays him in order to protect Her father. Apep is also the embodiment of darkness and chaos, and the enemy of Ma'at, which is both the concepts of light and truth, and the Goddess that embodies these concepts. Bast is known as the Lady of the East and the Light-Bearer due to this important role. She is associated with the Eye of Ra, which represents that She acts within Ra's power and is a protector god
In addition to being the protector of Ra, Bast is also a protector of cats and was the protector of the Pharaoh. She eventually became known as a protector of women and children. Along the time that this evolution occurred, Bast also began to be associated with Her lighter aspects - pleasure, music, dance, and fertility.
Bast is often portrayed holding a sistrum (ancient Egyptian instrument) or an Ankh. She is also sometimes depicted as holding a bag of kittens or having kittens by Her feet.
Bast's name can be translated literally as both "Devouring Lady," or "She of the Ointment Jar." Her name is often incorrectly written as "Bastet," which is a misunderstanding. The "et" was added to the end of Her name to preserve the proper pronunciation in later periods of Egypt history when the "t" sound at the end of some words began to vanish as a result of foreign influences. The "bas" in Her name is the hieroglyphic used for bas jars, which were jars used for storing perfumes and ointments, and the "t" is a feminine ending. The proper pronunciation of Her name would be something close to the pronunciation of "lost," except with a "b" replacing the "l."
---
## History of Bast Worship
Although most of the information about Bast worship is lamentably lost to time, it is known that She was worshipped since at least some time around 3,000 B.C., and continues to enjoy a following to this day. This means that Her worship predates not just any mainstream religion by millennia, but even predates the first pyramids in Egypt!
It is believed that She became known to ancient Egyptians when cats (most likely the [Near Eastern Wildcat](https://www.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/6/house-cat-origin-traced-to-middle-eastern-wildcat-ancestor/) or the [African Wildcat](https://bigcatswildcats.com/african-wildcat/) of today, or a close ancestor) had begun to introduce themselves to their civilisation. Ancient Egyptians were plagued on one front by mice/rats that devoured their food supplies and spread disease, and by cobras and other venomous snakes on the other. The introduction of cats, who elegantly and efficiently protected the ancient Egyptians from these animals, soon caused Egyptians to begin to revere them and consider them divine. It is likely that this is the reason that Bast was worshipped as a protectoress and even a Goddess of war.
As more cats lived and died among the ancient Egyptians and they became more integrated into their society (I don't say domesticated because cats were never truly domesticated anywhere,) this brought on a steady change in how Bast was perceived across the land. As mentioned, Bast was initially a protector of cats, Her father Ra, and the Pharaoh and went on to also become a protector of women and children as Her depiction shifted from a lioness-headed woman to a cat-headed woman or a regular cat.
Owing to Bast's new association with women and fertility, it became popular for women who wanted children to wear special amulets with Bast and some kittens on them. The number of kittens was the number of children that the woman wanted to have. Other Bast amulets were worn to protect against disease and other dangers. Although She had gained a softer side, Bast's original fierce nature continued to exist -- like any cat or mother, She has both a nurturing and loving side, and a fierce and aggressive protectoress side.
One of the only accounts of Bast worship that survives to this day comes from the Greek historian Herodotus, [who visited Per-Bast circa 450 B.C.](https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/2707) and recalled hundreds of thousands of worshippers gathering to dance, drink wine, and celebrate. Herodotus also noted that cats in the city of Per-Bast were mummified after they passed on - an honour usually only reserved for wealthy humans - sometimes with mummified mice and jewelry for them to take to the afterlife. He observed that when a house cat passed on, their human family went through a period of grieving where every member of the family shaved their eyebrows.
Today, Bast continues to be worshipped by various Kemetic groups (reconstructions of ancient Egyptian religion,) cat lovers, and some paganists and wiccans.
---
## How to Worship Bast
Like any other Kemetic deity, Bast should be worshipped via prayer and offerings. Specific types of offerings that Bast enjoys are meat, perfumes, ointments, catnip, and sweets such as honey. Personally I like to make a prayer and leave food and/or catnip in a designed spot outside for neighbourhood cats to find and take.
---
Thank you for taking the time to read this page! If you have any feedback at all, please feel free to leave a comment in [my Guestbook](../babel/guestbook.html) and/or stop by [my IRC network](irc/index.html) at [irc.koshka.love, main channel #](irc://irc.koshka.love/#) and let me know what you think. It always means a lot to me. (:
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<table><tr><td><b>Through Mazes</b></td>
<td>
<img src="mazetiny.gif"></td>
<td><b>to Mathematics</b>
</td></tr></table>
</center><p>
<a href="http://www.azoft.com/people/seremina/edu/simple_mazes-rom.html">
<img src="romanian_flag1.jpg" width="15" height="10">This page</a>
in Romanian<br>
<a href="http://www.autoersatzteile.de/blog/proste-przemiennego-tranzyt-labirynty">This page</a> in Polish<br>
<a href="http://eduworksdb.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/">This page</a> in Uzbek<br>
<a href="http://eustudiesweb.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/">This page</a> in Ukranian</br>
<a href="http://lpacode.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/">This page</a> in Georgian</a><br>
<!--<a href="https://lizavetacbd.com/eenvoudige-afwisselende-doorvoer-mazes/">This page</a> in Dutch<br>-->
<a href="https://medicinskanyheter.com/eric-karlsson/genom-mazes-till-matematik-enkla-alternerande-transitmazar.html">This page</a> in Swedish<br>
<a href="http://eduindexcode.com/s-a-t-mazes/">This page</a> in Thai</a><br>
<a href="http://theworkscited.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/">This page</a> in Kazakh<br>
<a href="http://sc-journal.com/egyszeru-valtakozo-tranzit-labirintusok/">This page</a> in Hungarian<br>
<a href="http://mysciencefeel.com/2021/02/18/yksinkertaiset-vuorotellen-kulkevat-sokkelot/">This page</a> in Finnish<br>
<a href="https://www.coupontoaster.co.uk/blog/labirinti-semplici-alternati-e-di-transito/">This page</a> in Italian <br>
<a href="http://thesciencexperts.com/basit-alternatif-transit-labirentler/">This page</a> in Turkish.
<p>
<H2>Simple, Alternating, Transit Mazes</H2>
<BR>
<P>
<P>
</CENTER><P><P>
<img width=204 and height=225 src="pix/ucla.GIF" align = "left">
The best known of these mazes is the Cretan maze.
It can
be drawn as a <a href=cretangame.html>game</a>.
<P><BR CLEAR=ALL>
<P><HR><P>
<img width=189 and height=171 src="pix/jericho.GIF" align="left">
Here is another example. This maze appears in
several medieval hebrew <a href="motivation.html#jericho">manuscripts</a>.
Although this maze has a
superficial resemblance to the Cretan maze, a close comparison shows
they
are quite different. The Jericho maze has 7 levels, whereas the
Cretan maze
has 8, and the sequence in which the levels are reached differs
from one maze to the other. In both mazes the path goes
directly to level 3 (counting the outside as 0) but in the Cretan maze
it then doubles back through levels 2 and 1, whereas in the Jericho maze
it continues on through levels 4 and 5 before returning to 2 and 1. The
complete <a href="levelseq.html">level sequences</a> are<P>
Cretan 032147658<P>
Jericho 03452167.<P>
<HR><P>
The properties that these two mazes share, and that will serve
to define a class of mazes with a simple mathematical description,
may be summarized by calling them
simple, alternating, transit mazes (s.a.t. mazes).<P>
<img width=498 and height=216 src="pix/nontran.gif" align="left">
TRANSIT mazes because the path runs without bifurcation from the outside
of the maze to the center. For example these mazes
are not transit mazes:
in one, the path comes out on the same side it entered; and in
the other there are
points where the maze-runner must choose which way to go.
<P><BR CLEAR=ALL>
<br><p>
<img width=283 and height=393 src="pix/istanbul.gif" align = "left">
ALTERNATING because
the plan of the maze is laid out on a certain number of concentric
or parallel <I> levels</I>, and the maze-path changes
direction whenever it changes level.
For example this maze,<a name="istanbul"></a>
which represents the plan of Constantinople in a medieval Arabic
geography book has distinct levels but is
not alternating, since it spirals from level 10 to level 1 without
changing direction. Its level sequence 0.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.2.11
cannot occur, as we shall see, as the <a href="levelseq.html">
level sequence</a> of an
alternating maze.<P><BR CLEAR=ALL>
<br><p><p>
<img width=237 and height=247 src="pix/chartre2.gif" align="left">
SIMPLE because the path makes
essentially a complete circle at each level;
in particular it travels on each level exactly once.
For example, this
alternating transit
maze,
which occurs as a pavement maze in Chartres (shown here)
and in several other cathedrals, and
carved on a pillar in the Cathedral in Lucca,
is not simple: there are four different points at which the path
can change levels. This maze-pattern seems to have occurred as
a christian elaboration and amplification of the cretan design
and its roman descendants; the association with the Theseus myth
persisted. The new design was remarkably persistent itself.
It is seen in medieval manuscripts
dating from the 9th century;
Chartres cathedral was built around the year 1200; and in the
early 16th century the identical pattern is painted on a
<a href="capana.html">florentine
<i>cassone</i></a>. It is now rendered 3-dimensionally, with
an armored Theseus
battling the Minotaur in the center.
<p>
<br clear=all>
<hr>
The TOPOLOGY of a simple, alternating transit maze is
completely determined by its
<a href=levelseq.html>level sequence</a>.
<hr>
<p>
Return to <a href = "index.html">Main Maze Page</a><p>
Return to <a href = "../index.html">Tony's Home Page</a>
<p>
</B>
<BR CLEAR=ALL>
</BODY>
<hr>
<address><i>
Tony Phillips<br>
Math Dept SUNY Stony Brook<br>
tony at math.stonybrook.edu<BR>
September 30, 2020
</i>
</address>
</HTML>
|
SAT mazes
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Through Mazes** | | **to Mathematics** |
[This page](http://www.azoft.com/people/seremina/edu/simple_mazes-rom.html)
in Romanian
[This page](http://www.autoersatzteile.de/blog/proste-przemiennego-tranzyt-labirynty) in Polish
[This page](http://eduworksdb.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/) in Uzbek
[This page](http://eustudiesweb.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/) in Ukranian
[This page](http://lpacode.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/) in Georgian
[This page](https://medicinskanyheter.com/eric-karlsson/genom-mazes-till-matematik-enkla-alternerande-transitmazar.html) in Swedish
[This page](http://eduindexcode.com/s-a-t-mazes/) in Thai
[This page](http://theworkscited.com/simple-alternating-transit-mazes/) in Kazakh
[This page](http://sc-journal.com/egyszeru-valtakozo-tranzit-labirintusok/) in Hungarian
[This page](http://mysciencefeel.com/2021/02/18/yksinkertaiset-vuorotellen-kulkevat-sokkelot/) in Finnish
[This page](https://www.coupontoaster.co.uk/blog/labirinti-semplici-alternati-e-di-transito/) in Italian
[This page](http://thesciencexperts.com/basit-alternatif-transit-labirentler/) in Turkish.
## Simple, Alternating, Transit Mazes
The best known of these mazes is the Cretan maze.
It can
be drawn as a [game](cretangame.html).
---
Here is another example. This maze appears in
several medieval hebrew [manuscripts](motivation.html#jericho).
Although this maze has a
superficial resemblance to the Cretan maze, a close comparison shows
they
are quite different. The Jericho maze has 7 levels, whereas the
Cretan maze
has 8, and the sequence in which the levels are reached differs
from one maze to the other. In both mazes the path goes
directly to level 3 (counting the outside as 0) but in the Cretan maze
it then doubles back through levels 2 and 1, whereas in the Jericho maze
it continues on through levels 4 and 5 before returning to 2 and 1. The
complete [level sequences](levelseq.html) are
Cretan 032147658
Jericho 03452167.
---
The properties that these two mazes share, and that will serve
to define a class of mazes with a simple mathematical description,
may be summarized by calling them
simple, alternating, transit mazes (s.a.t. mazes).
TRANSIT mazes because the path runs without bifurcation from the outside
of the maze to the center. For example these mazes
are not transit mazes:
in one, the path comes out on the same side it entered; and in
the other there are
points where the maze-runner must choose which way to go.
ALTERNATING because
the plan of the maze is laid out on a certain number of concentric
or parallel *levels*, and the maze-path changes
direction whenever it changes level.
For example this maze,
which represents the plan of Constantinople in a medieval Arabic
geography book has distinct levels but is
not alternating, since it spirals from level 10 to level 1 without
changing direction. Its level sequence 0.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1.2.11
cannot occur, as we shall see, as the [level sequence](levelseq.html) of an
alternating maze.
SIMPLE because the path makes
essentially a complete circle at each level;
in particular it travels on each level exactly once.
For example, this
alternating transit
maze,
which occurs as a pavement maze in Chartres (shown here)
and in several other cathedrals, and
carved on a pillar in the Cathedral in Lucca,
is not simple: there are four different points at which the path
can change levels. This maze-pattern seems to have occurred as
a christian elaboration and amplification of the cretan design
and its roman descendants; the association with the Theseus myth
persisted. The new design was remarkably persistent itself.
It is seen in medieval manuscripts
dating from the 9th century;
Chartres cathedral was built around the year 1200; and in the
early 16th century the identical pattern is painted on a
[florentine
*cassone*](capana.html). It is now rendered 3-dimensionally, with
an armored Theseus
battling the Minotaur in the center.
---
The TOPOLOGY of a simple, alternating transit maze is
completely determined by its
[level sequence](levelseq.html).
---
Return to [Main Maze Page](index.html)
Return to [Tony's Home Page](../index.html)
---
*Tony Phillips
Math Dept SUNY Stony Brook
tony at math.stonybrook.edu
September 30, 2020*
| https://www.math.stonybrook.edu/~tony/mazes/satmaze.html |
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Dave's Homepage
## Dave's Web Pages
[My Blog](http://dave-baum.blogspot.com/)
Fun and Games:
* [Dave's LEGO Site](lego/index.html): these pages
contain information about Lego (with an emphasis on Technic and
Mindstorms). They also describe my two books on Mindstorms and how to
use Mindstorms with a Macintosh computer.
* [Blokus](blokus.html): a fun family game
* [Rubik's Revenge (4x4x4)](rubiks.html)
* [Rubik's Professor Cube (5x5x5)](rubiks5.html)
* [Rubik Dodecahedron](rubiks12.html)
* [Settlers of Catan for 2 Players](settlers.html): a
Settlers variant for 2 players.
* [Stock Market Tycoon](stockmarkettycoon.html)
Software:
* [HeroDesigner plugins](herodesigner/index.html): a
couple of plugins that I wrote for Hero Designer 2.
* [FarMaker](farmaker/index.html): a tool for creating
FAR files. This can be used to work with skins for *The Sims* that
have long filenames.
---
| http://www.baumfamily.org/dave/index.html |
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Nìkdy si obèas zapaøím i nìjaká autíèka á la NFS nebo letadýlka,
ale jinak paøím výhradnì doomovky. Já vím, kde kdo z vás øekne, e je to furt to samý
(poøád tam honí po vobrazovce nìjaký pimprlíky), ale pro mì je kadá taková hra originálem.
A nyní dokonce jedna <A HREF="hrajte.png">studie</A> prokázala, e hraní akèních 3D FPS her
je prospìné a zlepuje rozhodovací a orientaèní schopnosti :) Protoe u sem jich dohrál
docela dost, øekl jsem si, e zde udìlám takové malé muzeum. O kadé høe bude k dispozici
nìjaké info, shoty a tøeba i cheaty.
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<BR>
<DIV ALIGN="center">
<A HREF="doombest/doombest.htm"><IMG SRC="doombest.jpg" WIDTH="200" HEIGHT="100" BORDER="1" ALT="Doom bestiary">
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</DIV>
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<TABLE ALIGN="center" CELLSPACING="40" CELLPADDING="2" BORDER="0">
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="wolf_3d/wolf_3d.htm"><IMG SRC="wolf3ds.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="W3D"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Wolfenstein 3D</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="spearods.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="0" ALT="SoD"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Spear of Destiny</FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="doom1/doom1.htm"><IMG SRC="doom1s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Doom"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Doom</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="pdoom/pdoom.htm"><IMG SRC="doompers.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="PDoom"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Pervers Doom</FONT></A></TD>
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<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="doom2/doom2.htm"><IMG SRC="doom2s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Doom II"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Doom II</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="fdoomtnt/fdoomtnt.htm"><IMG SRC="doomtnts.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="TNT"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Final Doom<BR>TNT</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="fdoomplu/fdoomplu.htm"><IMG SRC="doomplut.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Plutonia"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Final Doom<BR>Plutonia Exp.</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="doom-pg/doom-pg.htm"><IMG SRC="doom-pg.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="PGate"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Perdition's<BR>Gate</FONT></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="duke3ds.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="0" ALT="DN3D"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Duke Nukem 3D</FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="tekwars.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="0" ALT="Tekwar"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Tekwar</FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><IMG SRC="sws.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="0" ALT="SW"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Shadow Warior</FONT></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="blood/blood.htm"><IMG SRC="bloods.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Blood"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Blood/ZBlood</FONT></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="bloodpp/bloodpp.htm"><IMG SRC="bloodpps.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="BloodPP"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Blood<BR>Plasma Pack</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="bloodcp/bloodcp.htm"><IMG SRC="bloodcps.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="BloodCP"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Blood<BR>Cryptic Passage</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="blood2/blood2.htm"><IMG SRC="blood2s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Blood2"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Blood 2<BR>The Chosen</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="nightmar.e/nc.htm"><IMG SRC="ncs.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="NC"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Nightmare<BR>Creatures</FONT></A></TD>
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<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="quake/quake.htm"><IMG SRC="quakes.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Quake"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Quake</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="quake2/quake2.htm"><IMG SRC="quake2s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Quake II"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Quake II</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="quake3/quake3.htm"><IMG SRC="quake3s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Quake III"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Quake III<BR>Arena</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="mortyr.dmo/mortyr.htm"><IMG SRC="mortyrs.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Mortyr"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Mortyr demo</FONT></A></TD>
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<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="unreal/unreal.htm"><IMG SRC="unreals.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Unreal"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Unreal</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="uto/uto.htm"><IMG SRC="utos.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="UT"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Unreal<BR>Tournament</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="urtnp/urtnp.htm"><IMG SRC="urtnps.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="U-RtNP"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Unreal: Return<BR>to Na Pali</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="ut2003/ut2003.htm"><IMG SRC="ut2003s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="UT2003"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Unreal<BR>Tournament 2003</FONT></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="unreal2/unreal2.htm"><IMG SRC="unreal2s.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Unreal 2"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Unreal II</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="kingpin/kingpin.htm"><IMG SRC="kingpins.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Kingpin"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Kingpin: Life<BR>Of Crime</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="halflife/halflife.htm"><IMG SRC="halfls.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="HL"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Half-Life<BR></FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="opforce/opforce.htm"><IMG SRC="opforces.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="HL-OF"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">HL: Opposing<BR>Force</FONT></A></TD>
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<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="sof/sof.htm"><IMG SRC="sofs.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="SoF"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Soldier of<BR>Fortune</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="redfact.dmo/redfact.htm"><IMG SRC="redfacts.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="RF"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Red Faction<BR>demo</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="ssam2/ssam2.htm"><IMG SRC="ssam2s.gif" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="SS2E"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Serious Sam:<BR>2nd Encounter</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="renegade/renegade.htm"><IMG SRC="renegads.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="CC-R"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Cmd & Conquer:<BR>Renegade</FONT></A></TD>
</TR>
<TR>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="wolfrtcw/wolfrtcw.htm"><IMG SRC="wolfrtcs.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="RtCW"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Return to castle<BR>Wolfenstein</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"><A HREF="outbreak/outbreak.htm"><IMG SRC="outbrks.jpg" WIDTH="128" HEIGHT="80" BORDER="1" ALT="Outbreak"><BR><FONT SIZE="-1">Codename:<BR>Outbreak</FONT></A></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"></TD>
<TD ALIGN="center" VALIGN="top"></TD>
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<A HREF="../index.htm">Zpìt</A><BR><BR>
Aktualizováno 2.12.2012 v 0:27<BR><BR>
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RayeR's homepage/Hry
>
> Nìkdy si obèas zapaøím i nìjaká autíèka á la NFS nebo letadýlka,
> ale jinak paøím výhradnì doomovky. Já vím, kde kdo z vás øekne, e je to furt to samý
> (poøád tam honí po vobrazovce nìjaký pimprlíky), ale pro mì je kadá taková hra originálem.
> A nyní dokonce jedna [studie](hrajte.png) prokázala, e hraní akèních 3D FPS her
> je prospìné a zlepuje rozhodovací a orientaèní schopnosti :) Protoe u sem jich dohrál
> docela dost, øekl jsem si, e zde udìlám takové malé muzeum. O kadé høe bude k dispozici
> nìjaké info, shoty a tøeba i cheaty.
>
[
Doom bestiary](doombest/doombest.htm)
| | | | |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| [W3DWolfenstein 3D](wolf_3d/wolf_3d.htm) | SoDSpear of Destiny | [DoomDoom](doom1/doom1.htm) | [PDoomPervers Doom](pdoom/pdoom.htm) |
| [Doom IIDoom II](doom2/doom2.htm) | [TNTFinal DoomTNT](fdoomtnt/fdoomtnt.htm) | [PlutoniaFinal DoomPlutonia Exp.](fdoomplu/fdoomplu.htm) | [PGatePerdition'sGate](doom-pg/doom-pg.htm) |
| DN3DDuke Nukem 3D | TekwarTekwar | SWShadow Warior | [BloodBlood/ZBlood](blood/blood.htm) |
| [BloodPPBloodPlasma Pack](bloodpp/bloodpp.htm) | [BloodCPBloodCryptic Passage](bloodcp/bloodcp.htm) | [Blood2Blood 2The Chosen](blood2/blood2.htm) | [NCNightmareCreatures](nightmar.e/nc.htm) |
| [QuakeQuake](quake/quake.htm) | [Quake IIQuake II](quake2/quake2.htm) | [Quake IIIQuake IIIArena](quake3/quake3.htm) | [MortyrMortyr demo](mortyr.dmo/mortyr.htm) |
| [UnrealUnreal](unreal/unreal.htm) | [UTUnrealTournament](uto/uto.htm) | [U-RtNPUnreal: Returnto Na Pali](urtnp/urtnp.htm) | [UT2003UnrealTournament 2003](ut2003/ut2003.htm) |
| [Unreal 2Unreal II](unreal2/unreal2.htm) | [KingpinKingpin: LifeOf Crime](kingpin/kingpin.htm) | [HLHalf-Life](halflife/halflife.htm) | [HL-OFHL: OpposingForce](opforce/opforce.htm) |
| [SoFSoldier ofFortune](sof/sof.htm) | [RFRed Factiondemo](redfact.dmo/redfact.htm) | [SS2ESerious Sam:2nd Encounter](ssam2/ssam2.htm) | [CC-RCmd & Conquer:Renegade](renegade/renegade.htm) |
| [RtCWReturn to castleWolfenstein](wolfrtcw/wolfrtcw.htm) | [OutbreakCodename:Outbreak](outbreak/outbreak.htm) | | |
[Zpìt](../index.htm)
Aktualizováno 2.12.2012 v 0:27
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Deth Specula
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What's that up ahead? A signpost on the Information Superhighway ... next
stop ...
<IMG
ALT="Rock!"
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... with <B>Deth Specula</B>. Select here to subscribe to the
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<HR>
<h3>Deth Specula on bandcamp?</h3> We may have gotten into a wee bit of trouble at camps
during our youth, but there's one camp we're a fan of joining, and that's bandcamp.
Check out a few of or songs and follow us over at
<a href="https://dethspecula.bandcamp.com/">https://dethspecula.bandcamp.com/</a>
<HR>
<H2>
Deth Specula in Newsweek Magazine & The New York Times!
</H2>
OK, so it's kind of an incidental reference, but
it's National Media!
The December 5, 1994 issue of Newsweek noted that Deth Specula
was one of the first bands to use the MBone to broadcast a
concert. (<A HREF="forum-gig.html">Tuesday, Aug 23, 1994</A>)
<p>
The following JPEG is a
<A HREF="images/newsweek.jpg">scan of the article (170k),</A>
reproduced without permission and
<a target="_blank" href="https://www.newsweek.com/mbone-cant-you-hear-it-knocking-185526">here is the archived version of the article</a>.
<p>
Then, in the Nov 22, 1994 issue of the New York Times, they <a target="_blank" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/22/arts/rolling-stones-live-on-internet-both-a-big-deal-and-a-little-deal.html?searchResultPosition=1">published this article</a>.
<hr>
While you're waiting for your drink to arrive, may we suggest the following:
<dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> About the band
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a name="contact" href="contact-info.html">Contact information</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a name="photo" href="photo.html">Beautiful band photos</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a name="bio" href="bio/index.html">Band bio</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a name="bio" href="https://www.facebook.com/dethspecula/">Like us on Facebook</a>
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> <a name="events" href="events.html">Old Events and gigs</a><p>
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> Online music
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a name="bio" href="https://dethspecula.bandcamp.com">A few songs on Bandcamp</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> Listen to <a name="bio" href="https://soundcloud.com/yamablam/through-the-night-deth-specula">"Through The Night"</a> (Soundcloud)
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970425042907/http://www.iuma.com/IUMA/band_html/Deth_Specula.html" xhref="http://artists.iuma.com/IUMA/Bands/Deth_Specula/">Archive of our old IUMA page</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000603213528/http://www.iuma.com/Help/pageListening.html" xhref="http://www.iuma.com/Help/pageListening.html">IUMA's Help Guide</a> (Where to get audio/video players)
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> Online videos
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> Videos - Promo compilation:
<a href="images/promo.mpg">Original MPEG</a> (4MB) or <a href="images/promo.mov">More modern QuickTime</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> Where to get video players -
<a href="file://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/X11/contrib/mpeg_play-2.0.1.tar.gz">
mpeg_play-2.0.1.tar.gz</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> Those without MPEG players can
view <a href="images/meet-specula.gif">a single frame snapshot
of the clip</a>, just to see what it can look like.
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> <a name="catalog" href="catalog.html">Catalog of <b>stuff</b></a><p>
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> Deth Specula fanzine
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> Current and back issues of the ASCII
<a name="fanline" href="fanline/index.html">fanline mailer</a>
<dd><img alt="-" src="images/x.gif"> (Way Future) Deth Specula Comix
</dl>
<dl><img alt="o" src="images/s.gif"> Did you know there is a <a name="catalog" href="http://vgaplanets.org/index.php/Deth_Specula_Class_Frigate">starship named after us?</a><p>
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Deth Specula
#
Deth Specula
What's that up ahead? A signpost on the Information Superhighway ... next
stop ...
... with **Deth Specula**. Select here to subscribe to the
**Deth Specula** [mailing list](mlist.html).
This image appears at the top of each page. Click on it to take you
back to this page. (For those with ASCII browsers, you'll see the
phrase "Deth Specula").
---
### Deth Specula on bandcamp?
We may have gotten into a wee bit of trouble at camps
during our youth, but there's one camp we're a fan of joining, and that's bandcamp.
Check out a few of or songs and follow us over at
<https://dethspecula.bandcamp.com/>
---
##
Deth Specula in Newsweek Magazine & The New York Times!
OK, so it's kind of an incidental reference, but
it's National Media!
The December 5, 1994 issue of Newsweek noted that Deth Specula
was one of the first bands to use the MBone to broadcast a
concert. ([Tuesday, Aug 23, 1994](forum-gig.html))
The following JPEG is a
[scan of the article (170k),](images/newsweek.jpg)
reproduced without permission and
[here is the archived version of the article](https://www.newsweek.com/mbone-cant-you-hear-it-knocking-185526).
Then, in the Nov 22, 1994 issue of the New York Times, they [published this article](https://www.nytimes.com/1994/11/22/arts/rolling-stones-live-on-internet-both-a-big-deal-and-a-little-deal.html?searchResultPosition=1).
---
While you're waiting for your drink to arrive, may we suggest the following:
 About the band
 [Contact information](contact-info.html)
 [Beautiful band photos](photo.html)
 [Band bio](bio/index.html)
 [Like us on Facebook](https://www.facebook.com/dethspecula/)
 [Old Events and gigs](events.html)
 Online music
 [A few songs on Bandcamp](https://dethspecula.bandcamp.com)
 Listen to ["Through The Night"](https://soundcloud.com/yamablam/through-the-night-deth-specula) (Soundcloud)
 [Archive of our old IUMA page](https://web.archive.org/web/19970425042907/http://www.iuma.com/IUMA/band_html/Deth_Specula.html)
 [IUMA's Help Guide](https://web.archive.org/web/20000603213528/http://www.iuma.com/Help/pageListening.html) (Where to get audio/video players)
 Online videos
 Videos - Promo compilation:
[Original MPEG](images/promo.mpg) (4MB) or [More modern QuickTime](images/promo.mov)
 Where to get video players -
[mpeg\_play-2.0.1.tar.gz](file://sunsite.unc.edu/pub/X11/contrib/mpeg_play-2.0.1.tar.gz)
 Those without MPEG players can
view [a single frame snapshot
of the clip](images/meet-specula.gif), just to see what it can look like.
 [Catalog of **stuff**](catalog.html)
 Deth Specula fanzine
 Current and back issues of the ASCII
[fanline mailer](fanline/index.html)
 (Way Future) Deth Specula Comix
 Did you know there is a [starship named after us?](http://vgaplanets.org/index.php/Deth_Specula_Class_Frigate)
---
Deth Specula Home Page
| http://www.deth.com/ |
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<title>JFK Assassination Photo Research Galleries - Home</title>
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<a href="index.php"><img src="themes/classic/images/site_logo.png" border="0" alt="" /></a><br />
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<td width="100%" align="center">
<center><h1>JFK Assassination Photo Research Galleries</h1>
<h3></h3>
<br />
<!-- BEGIN home -->
<a href="https://www.jfkassassinationgallery.com/index.php" title="Go to the home page">Home</a> ::
<!-- END home --> <!-- BEGIN login -->
<a href="login.php?referer=index.php" title="Log me in">Login</a>
<!-- END login --> <!-- BEGIN album_list -->
<a href="index.php?cat=0" title="Go to the album list">Album list</a> ::
<!-- END album_list --> <!-- BEGIN lastup -->
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=lastup&cat=0" title="Show most recent uploads">Last uploads</a> ::
<!-- END lastup --> <!-- BEGIN lastcom -->
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=lastcom&cat=0" title="Show most recent comments">Last comments</a> ::
<!-- END lastcom --> <!-- BEGIN topn -->
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=topn&cat=0" title="Show most viewed items">Most viewed</a> ::
<!-- END topn --> <!-- BEGIN toprated -->
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=toprated&cat=0" title="Show top rated items">Top rated</a> ::
<!-- END toprated --> <!-- BEGIN favpics -->
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=favpics" title="Go to my favorites">My Favorites</a> ::
<!-- END favpics --> <!-- BEGIN search -->
<a href="search.php" title="Search the gallery">Search</a>
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<p>
<center><script async src="https://pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>
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<H2><a href="https://www.jfkassassinationforum.com">Click Here To Visit The JFK Assassination Forum</a></h2><p>
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<td class="tableh1" width="80%" align="left"><b>Category</b></td>
<td class="tableh1" width="10%" align="center"><b>Albums</b></td>
<td class="tableh1" width="10%" align="center"><b>Files</b></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="catrow_noalb" colspan="3"><table border="0"><tr><td align="left"></td><td align="left"><span class="catlink"><b><a href="index.php?cat=14">JFK Assassination Image Gallery</a></b></span></td></tr></table></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" class="tableh1" align="center"><span class="statlink"><b>4054</b> files in <b>89</b> albums and <b>1</b> categories with <b>0</b> comments viewed <b>4204634</b> times</span></td>
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<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=37"><b>Allen Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
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<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
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<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=37" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Allenphoto.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="67" border="0" alt="Allenphoto.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
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<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">85 files, last one added on Sep 29, 2017</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=2"><b>Altgens Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
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</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=2" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Alt6_croop.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="88" border="0" alt="Alt6_croop.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">59 files, last one added on Jan 18, 2021</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=23"><b>Alyea Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=23" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Alyea.jpg" class="image" width="78" height="100" border="0" alt="Alyea.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">10 files, last one added on Apr 10, 2010</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tableb_compact">
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=124"><b>Andrews Air Force Base</b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=124" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_nurse.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="75" border="0" alt="nurse.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">5 files, last one added on Jul 18, 2012</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=64"><b>Ashmore Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=64" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_LastScan51.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="75" border="0" alt="LastScan51.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">1 files, last one added on Dec 26, 2009</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=53"><b>Atkins Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=53" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_AtkinsParkland~0.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="68" border="0" alt="AtkinsParkland~0.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">19 files, last one added on May 12, 2021</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tableb_compact">
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=28"><b>Autopsy Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=28" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Bone_Flap.jpg" class="image" width="57" height="100" border="0" alt="Bone_Flap.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">77 files, last one added on Jan 16, 2021</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=45"><b>Beers Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=45" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_high_res1.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="72" border="0" alt="high_res1.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">19 files, last one added on Jan 04, 2017</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=9"><b>Bell Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=9" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Bell~1.jpg" class="image" width="62" height="100" border="0" alt="Bell~1.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">208 files, last one added on Jan 02, 2012</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="tableb_compact">
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=3"><b>Betzner Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=3" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Betzner_Crop.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="70" border="0" alt="Betzner_Crop.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">12 files, last one added on Jul 22, 2017</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=115"><b>Bob Jackson</b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=115" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Jackson.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="100" border="0" alt="Jackson.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">8 files, last one added on Dec 02, 2017</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
<td width="34%" valign="top">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td colspan="3" height="1" align="left" valign="top" class="tableh2">
<span class="alblink"><a href="thumbnails.php?album=38"><b>Bond Gallery </b></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" /><br />
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="thumbnails">
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="102" height="1" class="image" style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; border: none;" alt="" /><br />
<a href="thumbnails.php?album=38" class="albums"><img src="albums/userpics/10001/thumb_Bond-tile.jpg" class="image" width="100" height="33" border="0" alt="Bond-tile.jpg" /><br /></a>
</td>
<td>
<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" border="0" alt="" />
</td>
<td width="100%" valign="top" align="left" class="tableb_compact">
<p></p>
<p class="album_stat">40 files, last one added on Sep 27, 2018</p>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="3" style="padding: 0px;">
<table width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<td width="100%" align="left" valign="middle" class="tableh1_compact" style="white-space: nowrap"><b>89 albums on 8 page(s)</b></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="tableb_compact"><b>1</b></td><td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=2"><b>2</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=3"><b>3</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=4"><b>4</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=5"><b>5</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=6"><b>6</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=7"><b>7</b></a></td>
<td><img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="1" alt="" /></td>
<td align="center" valign="middle" class="navmenu"><a href="index.php?cat=0&page=8"><b>8</b></a></td>
</tr>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
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<img src="images/spacer.gif" width="1" height="7" border="" alt="" /><br />
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<table align="center" width="100%" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="0" class="maintable">
<tr>
<td class="tableh1" colspan="4">Last additions</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td valign="top" class="thumbnails" width ="25%" align="center">
<table width="100%" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td align="center">
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Filesize=429KB
Dimensions=2000x1878
Date added=May 31, 2023"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">Towner 2 LARGE</span><span class="thumb_title">433 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">May 31, 2023</span>
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Filesize=455KB
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Date added=May 31, 2023"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">Towner 3 LARGE</span><span class="thumb_title">449 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">May 31, 2023</span>
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Dimensions=1800x1451
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<span class="thumb_title">The Original Cecil W Stoughton Grassy Knoll Photograph</span><span class="thumb_title">768 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Feb 21, 2023</span>
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Filesize=551KB
Dimensions=1505x1097
Date added=Jun 22, 2021"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">1345 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Jun 22, 2021</span>
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Filesize=553KB
Dimensions=1469x1089
Date added=Jun 22, 2021"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">1200 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Jun 22, 2021</span>
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Filesize=624KB
Dimensions=1573x1117
Date added=Jun 22, 2021"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">1094 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Jun 22, 2021</span>
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Filesize=588KB
Dimensions=1545x1121
Date added=Jun 22, 2021"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">1132 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Jun 22, 2021</span>
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Filesize=612KB
Dimensions=1533x1074
Date added=Jun 22, 2021"/><br /></a>
<span class="thumb_title">1100 views</span><span class="thumb_caption">Jun 22, 2021</span>
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<title>All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors</title>
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<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Power supply information</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<ul>
<li><a href="../psucompat/compat.html">Compatibility issues for ATX power supplies and motherboards</a>
<li><a href="../psurailhistory/rails.html">A short history of PC power supply voltage rails</a>
<li><a href="../psumultirail/multirails.html">So what's all this rubbish about multiple 12 volt rails?</a>
<li><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html">All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors</a>
<li><a href="../psuoverload/overload.html">Rail complications #1 - current limit problems: too much current</a>
<li><a href="../psucrossload/crossloading.html">Rail complications #2 - cross loading problems: unbalanced current</a>
<li><a href="../psuunderload/mincurrent.html">Rail complications #3 - minimum loading problems: too little current</a>
<li><a href="../psunonpc/nonpc.html">Using PC power supplies in things other than PCs</a>
</ul>
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</table>
<!--PSULINKS)-->
<hr size=3>
<h4>Last updated: July 15, 2008</h4>
<h3>All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors</h3>
<h4 id=cabletable>The various power supply cables</h4>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=10>
<tr>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc">
<img src="atindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="AT power cable"><br>
Original PC main power cables</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">
<img src="peripheralindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="4 Pin peripheral power cable"><br>
4 pin peripheral power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">
<img src="floppyindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="floppy power cable"><br>
Floppy drive power cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=10>
<tr>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux">
<img src="auxindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="6 Pin auxiliary power cable"><br>
6 pin auxiliary power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata">
<img src="sataindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="SATA power cable"><br>
SATA power cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=10>
<tr>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">
<img src="main20index.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="20 pin ATX main power cable"><br>
20 pin ATX main power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">
<img src="main24index.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="24 pin ATX main power cable"><br>
24 pin ATX main power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20plus4">
<img src="main20plus4index.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="20+4 pin ATX main power cable"><br>
20+4 pin ATX main power cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=10>
<tr>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">
<img src="12v4pinindex.jpg" width="225" height="250" alt="4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable"><br>
4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">
<img src="eps8pinindex.jpg" width="300" height="250" alt="8 pin EPS +12 volt powercable"><br>
8 pin EPS +12 volt power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps4plus4">
<img src="eps4plus4index.jpg" width="375" height="250" alt="4+4 pin +12 volt power cable"><br>
4+4 pin +12 volt power cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=0 cellpadding=0 cellspacing=10>
<tr>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">
<img src="pcie6index.jpg" width="255" height="250" alt="6 pin PCI Express power cable"><br>
6 pin PCI Express power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">
<img src="pcie8index.jpg" width="265" height="250" alt="8 pin PCI Express power cable"><br>
8 pin PCI Express power cable</a></td>
<td align=center><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress6plus2">
<img src="pcie6plus2index.jpg" width="380" height="250" alt="6+2 pin PCI Express power cable"><br>
6+2 pin PCI Express power cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4>General info</h4>
<p>
If you'd like more technical data about ATX power connectors then you can
find the current specifications and more at
<a href="http://www.formfactors.org/">formfactors.org</a>
</p>
<p>
Wires and connectors are not perfect conductors. They have resistance. When
current passes through wires and connectors there is a voltage drop and that
energy is lost
as heat. As long as you don't overload them the voltage drop and extra heat
don't matter. But the losses get worse as the current rises. That's why you
see some power cables with more that one wire for the same voltage. Having
multiple wires reduces the losses. If you seriously overload a line, the wire
can get fairly warm. The resistance of connectors tends to increase as they
are plugged and unplugged so after enough uses they can overheat and even
melt when passing a large current. So a lot of changes in connectors over
time has to do with adding more wires and connectors to make sure that none
of these problems occur.
</p>
<p>
Some of the tables below provide the maximum wattage supported by a power
cable and its associated power connector. Some specifications clearly spell
out the maximum allowed wattage. Other
specifications just provide the suggested connector and wire gauge and never
specify a maximum wattage. And there's never really an absolute value to the
maximum wattage anyway. If you draw a little more wattage then the maximum,
the hardware doesn't immediately burst into flames. The
voltage drop and power dissipation increase as you increase the
current so there isn't a clear maximum wattage at which it stops working.
Most of the specifications which spell out the maximum wattage
provide a wide safety margin by defining a value
which is far below the maximums supported by the connector and wire. If the table below provides an "Official
cable/connector maximum wattage" then that specification has spelled out the
maximum wattage. In most cases that wattage will be significantly below what
can actually be handled by the suggested connector and wire. If the table
provides an "Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage" then that
specification doesn't provide the maximum and the value in the table is a
practical maximum wattage defined by the maximums for the connector and the
suggested wire. An unofficial wattage doesn't have a wide safety margin
built in because people differ on how much margin to provide. Some people
happily use connector and wire maximums and other people like to have a wide
safety margin.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Power connectors included with various kinds of PCs</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Version</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Introduction date</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Included connectors</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>PC</td>
<td align=center>1981</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc">original PC main power cables</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ATX</td>
<td align=center>1995</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ATX12V 1.0</td>
<td align=center>2000</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux">6 pin auxiliary cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ATX12V 1.3</td>
<td align=center>2003</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux">6 pin auxiliary cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata">SATA cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ATX12V 2.0</td>
<td align=center>2003</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata">SATA cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>EPS12V</td>
<td align=center>2003</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata">SATA cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>PCI Express 2.0</td>
<td align=center>2007</td>
<td><a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 Pin PCI Express power cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata">SATA cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a><br>
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy">floppy cable</a></td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4 id=oldpc>Original PC main power cables</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="atpic.jpg" width="875" height="360" alt="AT power connectors">
</p>
<p>
The original PC debuted in 1981 and used two cables to connect the
PSU (power supply) to the motherboard. The two cables plug
side by side into the motherboard connectors. Sometimes they are keyed so
they only plug in one way and sometimes they aren't. Even if they're keyed
you can insert them the wrong way if you put a little effort into it. You
always have to remember to plug them in so the black wires are next to each
other. It's either "black to black" or smoke and a shower of sparks.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>power good</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts or connector key</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>blue</td>
<td align=center>-12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>white</td>
<td align=center>-5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 15-48-0106</td>
<td align=center>Molex 90331</td>
<td align=center>Molex 08-50-0276</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>3 or 4</td>
<td align=center>15 or 20 amps</td>
<td align=center>75 or 100 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
<td align=center>60 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
In old PCs, almost all of the chips ran directly off of the 5 volt rail.
As a result the PSU delivers most of its wattage at 5 volts. There
are three or four lines dedicated to the 5 volt rail. The other
main rail is 12 volts. That was used primarily to run disk drives, motors, and
fans. The two negative rails are "bias" supplies which only have to provide
small amounts of current. Just for interest's sake, here's the specification
for the PSU which came with the original IBM PC. It provides a
maximum of 63.5 watts. Boy, those were the days.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Original IBM PC power supply</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>7.0 amps</td>
<td align=center>35 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>-5 volts</td>
<td align=center>0.3 amps</td>
<td align=center>1.5 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>2.0 amps</td>
<td align=center>24 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>-12 volts</td>
<td align=center>0.25 amps</td>
<td align=center>3 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4 id=peripheral>4 pin peripheral power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="peripheralpic.jpg" width="900" height="400" alt="Peripheral Power Connectors">
</p>
<p>
The four pin peripheral power cable dates back to the original PC. It was
used for floppy drives and hard disks. It's still around and is now also used
for all kinds of things including add-on fans, extra video card power,
supplemental motherboard power, and case lighting. It's as old as the hills
but is still very widely used. The connector is shaped so
that it only fits in one way. You don't have to worry about inserting it
the wrong way. People often use the term "4 pin Molex power cable" or "4 pin
Molex" to refer
to a four pin peripheral power cable. It's not a technically useful term
because the <a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt
cable</a> is also a 4 pin Molex cable (Molex makes <i>lots</i> of
connectors) but "4 pin Molex" is commonly used to refer to peripheral
cables anyway.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=5 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Socket housing</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Socket</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin housing</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>AMP 1-480424-0</td>
<td align=center>AMP 60619-1</td>
<td align=center>AMP 1-480426-0</td>
<td align=center>AMP 60620-1</td>
<td align=center>13 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
I don't know of any official definition of the maximum current allowed in a
peripheral cable. The connector can handle 13 amps according to the
manufacturer. But you normally find 18 awg wire in the peripheral cables. If
you have an 18 inch cable (about a half a meter) and are running 13 amps
through 18 gauge wire then you get a voltage drop of about 0.25 volts counting
both the power wire and the ground (it's got to go both ways) and the
dissipation is about 3.3 watts. That's not good. I've just played it safe and
listed the maximum current as 5 amps.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
<td align=center>25 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
<td align=center>60 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
Current power supplies usually have at least two separate peripheral
power cables, each of which has two or more peripheral connectors. When
you're plugging in multiple high powered devices it's a good idea to spread
the load between all of your cables. Don't just plug all your devices into
one cable unless they're relatively low load devices. Spreading the current
between the cables reduces the voltage drops and power loss. If they're
relatively low current devices like fans or it's just a disk drive or two
then it doesn't really matter. But if you're putting lots of hard disks into
a computer (some can draw almost 3 amps at 12 volts when doing some
operations) or connecting a video card's auxiliary power, then spread the
loads between the peripheral power cables. It's also helpful if you use a
connector as close to the PSU as possible rather than sticking things at the
end of the cable. Extra wire just means more voltage drop. And if you're
using a <a href="../psuoverload/adapter.jpg">peripheral connector to
PCI Express adapter</a> then be sure to plug each of the adapter's peripheral
connectors into a separate PSU cable. They gave you two peripheral connectors
for a reason. Plugging them both into the same PSU cable forces your video
card to draw its 12 volt power through one 18 gauge wire. That increases your
voltage drop and power dissipation in the cable. Some current high-end video
cards can suck up more than 10 amps at 12 volts with most of it coming
through the PCI Express connector so it pays to be careful. It will probably
work if you don't spread the load but
there's no excuse for not doing it properly. They gave you multiple cables.
You might as well use them. Plus there's just something creepy about having
warm wires even if they're not melting.
</p>
<p>
You will occasionally run into peripheral connectors which don't have all
four wires. They are usually 12 volt only cables intended for fans. Never
plug one of those into a disk drive. Drives expect both 5 and 12 volts to be
provided. Some of the two-wire peripheral connectors are for speed-controlled
fans. That means that the voltage changes depending on the desired fan speed.
The connector will only provide 12 volts when the fan is going full speed and
the voltage decreases to slow the fan down. Definitely don't plug that one
into anything but a fan! Normally this kind of peripheral connector has "fan"
printed on it to warn you. As long as a peripheral connector has four wires:
one yellow, two black, and one red and it doesn't have some kind of printed
warning attached then it's a standard peripheral cable and you can plug it
into anything.
</p>
<h4 id=floppy>Floppy drive power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="floppy.jpg" width="900" height="350" alt="Floppy Power Connectors">
</p>
<p>
The four pin floppy drive cable showed up when PCs started including 3.5 inch
floppy drives. This kind of cable is also sometimes used as an auxiliary
power cable for AGP video cards which use more power than can be drawn from
the motherboard slot. The connector is shaped so that it only fits in one
way so you don't have to worry about inserting it the wrong way. Floppy
cables are built with small connectors and 20 awg wire so they are limited to
relatively low current uses.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Socket housing</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Socket</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>AMP 171822-4</td>
<td align=center>AMP 170262-1</td>
<td align=center>3 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>3 amps</td>
<td align=center>15 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>3 amps</td>
<td align=center>36 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4 id=aux>6 pin auxiliary power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="auxthings.jpg" width="780" height="400" alt="6 Pin ATX auxiliary power connector">
</p>
<p>
The aux power cable was added to provide extra wattage to motherboards
for 3.3 and 5 volts. This connector is rarely used anymore. It's most
commonly found on older dual CPU AMD motherboards. You're more
likely to sight <a href="http://www.bfro.net/">Bigfoot</a> than a motherboard which uses this connector. It
plugs into the 6 pin version of the motherboard connector used by the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc">original PC main power
cables</a>.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 15-48-0106</td>
<td align=center>Molex 90331-0010</td>
<td align=center>Molex 08-50-0276</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>10 amps</td>
<td align=center>33 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5 amps</td>
<td align=center>25 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4 id=sata>SATA power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="sata.jpg" width="900" height="350" alt="SATA Connector">
</p>
<p>
SATA was introduced to upgrade the ATA interface (also called IDE) to a
more advanced design. SATA includes both a data cable and a power cable.
The power cable replaces the old
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral
cable</a> and adds support for 3.3 volts (if fully implemented). The
connector is shaped so it can only be plugged in the correct way.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>1</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>orange</td>
<td>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>2</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>orange</td>
<td>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>3</td>
<td>5</td>
<td>orange</td>
<td>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>4</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>5</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>6</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>7</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>red</td>
<td>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>8</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>red</td>
<td>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>9</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>red</td>
<td>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>10</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>11</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>12</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>black</td>
<td>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>13</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>yellow</td>
<td>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>14</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>yellow</td>
<td>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<td>15</td>
<td>1</td>
<td>yellow</td>
<td>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 67582-0000</td>
<td align=center>Molex 67581-0000</td>
<td align=center>1.5 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>4.5 amps</td>
<td align=center>14.85 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>4.5 amps</td>
<td align=center>22.5 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>4.5 amps</td>
<td align=center>54 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align=center>
<img src="satano3.jpg" width="900" height="350" alt="SATA Connector">
</p>
<p>
You have to be careful about SATA power cables. Some of them are missing
the 3.3 volt wire. People with older power supplies often use adapters which
convert from
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral
cables</a> to SATA power cables. But since 4 pin peripheral connectors only
supply 5 and 12 volts, the SATA connector is missing 3.3 volts (there's no
orange wire). There are also a few older power supplies which inexplicably
have SATA power cables which are missing the 3.3 volt wire. Currently, SATA
drives rarely use
3.3 volts. That may be because there are too many people using adapters so
the drive makers don't want the headaches which come with using 3.3 volts.
But in the future, 3.3 volt drives may become common so you need to be
careful when using SATA power cables which don't implement 3.3 volts.
</p>
<h4 id=atxmain20>ATX 20 pin main power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="main20pin.jpg" width="900" height="400" alt="20 Pin ATX Main Power Connector">
</p>
<p>
In 1996 PC makers started switching to the ATX standard which defined a new
20 pin motherboard power connector. It includes a 3.3 volt rail which is used
to power newer chips which require a lower voltage than 5 volts. It also has
a standby 5 volt rail which is always on even when the power supply is turned
off to provide standby power to the motherboard when the machine is sleeping.
The new connector also allows the motherboard to turn the power supply on and
off rather than depend on the user to flip a power switch. This connector is
polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct direction.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1 through 10</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 11 through 20</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>11</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>12</td>
<td align=center>blue</td>
<td align=center>-12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>13</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>14</td>
<td align=center>green</td>
<td align=center>PS_ON#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>15</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>16</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>7</td>
<td align=center>17</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>PWR_OK</td>
<td align=center>gray</td>
<td align=center>8</td>
<td align=center>18</td>
<td align=center>white</td>
<td align=center>-5 volts (optional)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>VSB +5 volts</td>
<td align=center>purple</td>
<td align=center>9</td>
<td align=center>19</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>10</td>
<td align=center>20</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
Some of the voltage lines on the connector may have smaller sense wires which
allow the power supply to sense what voltage is actually seen by the
motherboard. These are pretty common on the 3.3 volt line in pin 11 but are
sometimes used for other voltages too. The -5 volt line on pin 18 was made
optional in ATX12V 1.3 (introduced in 2003) because -5 had been rarely used
for years. Newer motherboards virtually never require -5 volts but many older
motherboards do. Most newer power supplies don't provide -5 volts in which
case the white wire is missing.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 39-28-1203</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-01-2200</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-00-0168, <br>Molex 44476-1111</td>
<td align=center>6 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>18 amps</td>
<td align=center>59 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>24 amps</td>
<td align=center>120 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>6 amps</td>
<td align=center>72 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
Dell used to ship many computers which used motherboards and power supplies
which looked like plain old ATX but were not really ATX at all. If you
plugged a real ATX power supply into the motherboard then things went
kaboom (or frzzzzzap or ...). Sadly, some large computer vendors like to lock
customers into buying upgrades from them rather from a third party. That's
nasty enough but Dell built their non-standard computers and motherboards
with what looked like standard ATX components. You only found out otherwise
once sparks started flying. The Dell PCs which were carrying this ticking
time-bomb were made between 1996 and 2000. If you're replacing a Dell power
supply from this era then you should call Dell and make sure it's not a
proprietary design. And if they say yes then be sure to voice your
displeasure. This is an evil business practice which should stop.
</p>
<p align=center><a name=20into24></a>
<img src="20in24.jpg" width="437" height="413" alt="20 pin in 24 motherboard">
</p>
<p>
You can plug a 20 pin ATX power cable into a motherboard with a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin ATX connector</a>.
The image above shows the 20 pin power cable plugged into a
24 pin motherboard. A 20 pin power cable only
fits into one end of a 24 pin motherboard connector so you can't insert it
incorrectly. The 24 pin motherboard connector is actually just the 20 pin
connector with 4 extra pins added on the end. The original 20 pins were
unchanged. The extra 4 pins are not separate rails. They're just extra lines
to provide more current to the same rails. On every 24 pin motherboard I've
seen, the extra lines for ground, 3.3,
5, and 12 are just connected to the other lines on the same rail from the 20
pin connector. I've never heard of exceptions and it doesn't make sense for
motherboard makers to create any. As a result, you can plug a 20 pin cable
into a 24 pin motherboard and it will work just fine. At least, it will for a
while. They added those extra 4 pins for a reason. When you plug a 20 pin
cable into a 24 pin connector you're not providing the extra current carrying
capacity which may be needed by the motherboard. If your motherboard's
current requirements are low enough then it will work properly with only a 20
pin power cabled plugged in. But if the motherboard draws enough current,
then you can overheat the 20 pins you're using on the 24 pin connector. I've
seen enough pictures of burned ATX main connectors to assure you that this
happens. In adding the extra four pins, 3.3 volts went from 3 to 4 lines. 5
volts when from 4 to 5 lines. 12 volts went from 1 to 2 lines so its capacity
doubled. Connectors really do get hot if you overload them so the safest
thing to do is use a real 24 pin power supply on a motherboard with a 24 pin
connector. Note that your 24 pin machine may work fine with a 20 pin power
supply until you add a PCI Express card later on down the road. PCI Express
cards can draw up to 75 watts through the motherboard connector so
adding an expansion card can substantially increase power draw through the
main power cable. Many PCI Express
video cards which have the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 pin</a> or
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 pin PCI Express
power cable</a> still draw a
<a href="http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/other/display/fsp-vga-power_6.html">substantial
portion</a> of their 12 volt load through the PCI Express slot. The extra 4
pins doubled the current capacity of the 12 volt rail so that one is easy to
overload when only using a 20 pin main power cable.
</p>
<p align=center><a name=20to24adapter></a>
<img src="20to24adapter.jpg" width="460" height="410" alt="20 to 24 adapter">
</p>
<p>
The picture above shows an adapter which allows you to plug a 20 pin
power supply into a 24 pin motherboard. These do not solve the problems
mentioned above. In
fact, they usually make things worse. You still have only the same old 20
wires and pin&socket connectors that you would have if you plugged it
directly into the motherboard. But with the adapter you also have longer
wires and another set of pins&sockets so you have a higher voltage drop and
more things which can go wrong. All the adapter does is remove the problem
from the 24 pin motherboard connector and move it to the 20 pin connector on
the adapter. About the only good thing it does is to make sure the 20 pin
connector on the adapter melts rather than the 24 pin connector on the
motherboard. You shouldn't underestimate the potential problems which come
from adding another connector between the power supply and the motherboard.
The resistance of connectors can increase due to being plugged and unplugged.
Increasing the resistance makes the connector drop more voltage and dissipate
more heat. Any number of physical changes can also cause higher connector
resistance which causes more problems. You shouldn't put an extra connector
in a high current path unless you've got a good reason. That's a good rule
for power cables in general but it goes doubly for the high current draws you
sometimes find through motherboard main power cables. The best practice is to
avoid these 20 to 24 pin adapters and get a real 24 pin power supply.
</p>
<h4 id=atxmain24>ATX 24 pin main power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="main24pin.jpg" width="906" height="400" alt="24 Pin ATX Main Power Connector">
</p>
<p>
The 24 pin main power
connector was added in ATX12V 2.0 to provide extra power needed by
PCI Express slots. The older
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power
cable</a> only has one 12 volt line. The new 24 pin connector added one
line apiece for ground, 3.3, 5, and 12 volts. The extra pins made the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux">auxiliary power cable</a>
unnecessary so most ATX12V 2.x power supplies don't have them. The 24 pin
connector
is polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct direction.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1 through 12</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 13 through 24</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>13</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>14</td>
<td align=center>blue</td>
<td align=center>-12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>15</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>16</td>
<td align=center>green</td>
<td align=center>PS_ON#</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>17</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>18</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>7</td>
<td align=center>19</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>PWR_OK</td>
<td align=center>gray</td>
<td align=center>8</td>
<td align=center>20</td>
<td align=center>white</td>
<td align=center>-5 volts (optional)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>VSB +5 volts</td>
<td align=center>purple</td>
<td align=center>9</td>
<td align=center>21</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>10</td>
<td align=center>22</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>11</td>
<td align=center>23</td>
<td align=center>red</td>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>orange</td>
<td align=center>12</td>
<td align=center>24</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
Some of the voltage lines on the connector may have smaller sense wires which
allow the power supply to sense what voltage is actually seen by the
motherboard. These are pretty common on the 3.3 volt line in pin 13 but are
sometimes used for other voltages too. The -5 volt line on pin 20 was made
optional in ATX12V 1.3 (introduced in 2003) because -5 had been rarely used
for years. Newer motherboards virtually never require -5 volts but many older
motherboards do. Most newer power supplies don't provide -5 volts in which
case the white wire is missing.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 39-28-1243</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-01-2240</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-00-0168, <br>Molex 44476-1111</td>
<td align=center>6 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+3.3 volts</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>24 amps</td>
<td align=center>79.2 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+5 volts</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>30 amps</td>
<td align=center>150 watts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>12 amps</td>
<td align=center>144 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align=center><a name=24into20></a>
<img src="24in20.jpg" width="364" height="366" alt="24 pin in 20 motherboard">
</p>
<p>
If you have an ATX power supply with a 24 pin main cable, it's okay to plug
it into a motherboard with a 20 pin connector. It was designed to work that
way. You can see an example in the picture above. The extra 4 pins on
the cable just hang over the end of the motherboard connector. The 24 pin
cable only fits
into a 20 pin socket at one end so you can't plug it in incorrectly. The
extra 4 pins were added to the 24 pin version of the cable to provide one
extra wire for ground, 3.3, 5, and 12 volts. But it's okay to leave those 4
pins disconnected because a motherboard with a 20 pin connector doesn't need
them. The only problem you can bump into (literally) is if there is something
blocking the spot where the 24 pin cable hangs over the end. Or sometimes the
end of the 20 pin motherboard connector is too thick to fit between the pins
of the 24 pin cable. You can solve that problem by carefully shaving down
one end of the 20 pin motherboard connector. It's just plastic. You won't
miss it. If you can't get them to fit together then you can get an adapter
cable which will make it work. The 24 pin cable plugs into one end of the
adapter and then the adapter plugs into the 20 pin motherboard. But you
should avoid using that kind of adapter if you can because the extra wire and
connector are just more things which can go wrong. Adapters also slightly
increase the voltage drop which is something worth avoiding. It's better to
first see if you can get a 24 pin cable to fit into a 20 pin motherboard
before resorting to an adapter.
</p>
<h4 id=atxmain20plus4>ATX 20+4 pin main power cable</h4>
<p align=center><a name=20plus4></a>
<img src="all20plus4.jpg" width="716" height="436" alt="20+4 cable">
</p>
<p>
Motherboards can come with either a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power connector</a>
or a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power connector</a>.
Many power supplies come with a 20+4 cable which is compatible with both 20
and 24 pin motherboards. A 20+4 power cable has two pieces: a 20 pin piece,
and a 4 pin piece. If you leave the two pieces separate then you can plug the 20 pin
piece into a 20 pin motherboard and leave the 4 pin piece unplugged. Be sure
to leave the 4 pin piece unplugged even if it fits into another connector.
The 4 pin piece is not compatible with any other connectors. If you plug the
two pieces of a 20+4 power cable together then you have a 24 pin power cable
which can be plugged into a 24 pin motherboard.
</p>
<h4 id=atx12v4>4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="12v4pin.jpg" width="875" height="450" alt="4 Pin ATX 12 Volt Connector">
</p>
<p>
Older computers put most of their load on 3.3 and 5 volts. As time passed,
computers drew more and more of their load from 12 volts (see
<a href="../psurailhistory/rails.html">here</a>). Before this power cable
was introduced there was just one
12 volt line provided to the motherboard. This cable added two more 12
volt lines so more of the load could be shifted to 12 volts. The power coming
from this connector is usually used to power the CPU but some motherboards
use it for other things as well. The presense of this connector on a
motherboard means it's an ATX12V motherboard. For dual 12 volt rail power
supplies, this connector provides the voltage refered to as 12V2. The power
cable which plugs into the 4 pin connector has two black wires and two yellow
wires. This cable is sometimes called an "ATX12V" cable or "P4" cable
although neither of those are technically accurate descriptions.
</p>
<p>
If you have one of these connectors on a motherboard then you must plug a
power cable into it or your CPU won't get any power. The one exception is
that when this connector was new, some motherboards shipped with a socket
into which you could plug a <a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4
pin peripheral power cable</a> as an alternative. That helped people who had
older power supplies which didn't have the 4 pin 12 volt cable.
</p>
<p>
The 4 pin 12 volt cable is polarized so it can only be plugged into the 4
pin motherboard connector correctly. If you look carefully at the picture
above you can see that two of the pins are square and the other two have
rounded corners. The motherboard connectors also have the same square and
rounded arrangement so the power cable only fits in one way. At least that's
true unless you try really hard to force it into the connector. With enough
force you can sometimes get a cable with a small number of pins into a
connector which doesn't match. If you look carefully you can also see that
the square and rounded pattern matches various positions on other motherboard
connectors like the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power connector</a>
and
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power connector</a>.
Do yourself a favor and only plug the 4 pin 12 volt cable into the motherboard
connector where it belongs (unless you enjoy smoke and fried components).
</p>
<p align=center>
<img src="12v4pinadapter.jpg" width="355" height="365" alt="Peripheral To 4 Pin ATX 12 Volt Connector Adapter">
</p>
<p>
If your
power supply doesn't have a 4 pin 12 V cable then you can provide one with the
adapter shown above. It converts a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cable</a>
into a 4 pin 12 V cable.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1, 2</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 3, 4</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 39-28-1043</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-01-2040</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-00-0168, <br>Molex 44476-1111</td>
<td align=center>8 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>16 amps</td>
<td align=center>192 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align=center><a name=4into8></a>
<img src="4pinin8.jpg" width="379" height="413" alt="4 pin 12 V plugged into 8 pin EPS">
</p>
<p>
You can plug a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt power cable</a>
into an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin EPS motherboard connector</a>
but there's no guarantee that it will work. If
the motherboard expects only one 12 volt rail then a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a>
may work. If the motherboard expects two 12 volt rails (many dual CPU
motherboards require one 12 volt rail per CPU) then it won't work.
Even if the motherboard works with a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a>,
you are still only providing half of the current carrying capacity which
would be provided by an 8 pin EPS cable. That can overheat both the motherboard
connector and 4 pin cable. Scorched or melted connectors can be a result.
A motherboard which has the 8 pin EPS connector expects a lot of current and
you are taking a serious risk by plugging in a 4 pin cable. The 4 pin cable only fits
at one end of the 8 pin EPS motherboard connector so you can't plug it in
improperly. That is, it only fits into one end of the motherboard connector
unless you force it. If the cable doesn't go into the socket easily then
you're probably trying to plug it into the wrong end. But then again, it's
not a good idea to try to run with a 4 pin cable in an 8 pin motherboard
anyway.
</p>
<h4 id=eps8>8 pin EPS +12 volt power cable</h4>
<p id=eps8pinpicture align=center>
<img src="eps.jpg" width="900" height="430" alt="8 Pin EPS +12 Volt Connector">
</p>
<p>
This cable was originally created for workstations to provide 12 volts to
power multiple CPUs. But as time has passed many CPUs require more 12 volt
power and the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a> is
often used instead of a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt cable</a>.
Depending on the power supply, the connector may contain one 12 volt rail in
all 8 pins or two 12 volt rails taking up 4 pins apiece. It is often refered
to as an "EPS12V" cable.
</p>
<p>
The 8 pin 12 volt cable is polarized so it can only be plugged into the 8
pin motherboard connector correctly. If you look carefully at the picture
above you can see that four of the pins are square and the other four have
rounded corners. The motherboard connectors also have the same square and
rounded arrangement so the power cable only fits in one way. At least that's
true unless you try really hard to force it into the connector. With enough
force you can sometimes get a cable with a small number of pins into a
connector which doesn't match. The 8 pin cable has enough pins that it's
pretty hard to insert it in the wrong direction but determined people might
be able to do it. If you look carefully you
can also see that the square and rounded pattern matches various positions on
other motherboard connectors like the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20">20 pin main power connector</a>
and
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24">24 pin main power connector</a>.
You should only plug the 8 pin 12 volt cable into the motherboard
connector where it belongs unless you enjoy the smell of fried electronics.
</p>
<p>
You can also plug an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a> into a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt motherboard connector</a>.
I don't have a picture of this one but it looks similar to
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#24into20">this</a>. Four of the
pins on the 8 pin cable fit
into the motherboard connector and the other four pins hang off the end.
The 8 pin cable only fits into one end of the 4 pin motherboard connector
unless you try hard to force it into the wrong position. The 8 pin
cable is electrically compatible but it may not fit into a 4 pin motherboard.
There is often a component which blocks the area where the 4 pins would hang
off the end. And sometimes the plastic end of the 4 pin connector is too
thick to fit between the pins of the 8 pin cable.
</p>
<p>
Make sure that you don't try to plug an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a> into
the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 Pin PCI Express power
connector</a> on a video card. The two cables look very similar so it's easy
to get the two confused.
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 Pin PCI Express power
cables</a> are usually labeled to distinguish them from
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cables</a>.
The PCI Express cable usually has "PCI-E" printed on the connector. If there
are no labels then you can usually use wire colors to tell the two kinds of cables
apart. An
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a>
has yellow wires on the same side as the connector clip. An
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 Pin PCI Express cable</a>
has black wires on the clip side.
The two power cables are also keyed differently so you can't plug one kind of
power cable into the other kind of connector. But as with this kind of
connector, you can sometimes force the wrong kind of cable into a connector
if you push hard enough. Make sure you have the right kind of cable before
plugging it in. The two are definitely not compatible with each other.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1 through 4</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 5 through 8</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts (12V1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts (12V1)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>7</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts (12V1 or 12V2)</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>8</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>+12 volts (12V1 or 12V2)</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Motherboard connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 39-28-1083</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-01-2080</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-00-0168, <br>Molex 44476-1111</td>
<td align=center>7 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>28 amps</td>
<td align=center>336 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align=center>
<img src="epsadapter.jpg" width="299" height="350" alt="8 Pin EPS +12 adapter">
</p>
<p>
If you don't have an 8
pin 12 volt cable then you can use the adapter shown above. It converts a
couple of <a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral
power cables</a> into an 8 pin 12 volt cable. If you use one of these adapters
then be sure
to plug the 4 pin peripheral connectors into separate cables coming from the
power supply. If you plug them both into the same power supply cable then you
are drawing all the power of the 8 pin 12 volt connector through a single 18 gauge
wire. You can often get away with that but there's no reason to do it.
</p>
<h4 id=eps4plus4>4+4 pin +12 volt power cable</h4>
<p id=eps4plus4pinpicture align=center>
<img src="eps4plus4.jpg" width="430" height="340" alt="4+4 Pin +12 Volt Connector">
</p>
<p>
Motherboards can come with either a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt connector</a>
or an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt connector</a>.
Many power supplies come with a 4+4 pin 12 volt cable which is compatible with both 4
and 8 pin motherboards. A 4+4 power cable has two separate 4 pin pieces.
If you plug the
two pieces of a 4+4 power cable together then you have a 8 pin power cable
which can be plugged into an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt connector</a>.
If you leave the two pieces separate then you can plug one of the 4 pin
pieces into a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt connector</a>
and leave the other 4 pin piece unplugged.
</p>
<p>
If
you look carefully at the image above then you can see the polarization of
the pins which prevents you from plugging the cable in improperly. Some of
the pins are square and some of them have rounded off corners. The motherboard
connectors have matching square and rounded off corners to prevent the cable
from being plugged in the wrong way. But if you look <i>really</i> carefully
at the right half of this particular cable and then look at the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt cable</a>
pictured above you'll notice that they don't match. A regular 8 pin cable
has four square pins and four rounded ones but the 4+4 cable shown above has
two square pins and 6 rounded ones. The left half of the 4+4 matches the left
half of an 8 pin cable but the right half is different. Hmmmm... And this isn't some bizarre cable
either. I've seen plenty of 4+4s which look like this one. And then there are
other 4+4 cables which look just like an 8 pin cable split in two (which
makes sense). Since rounded pins fit into square holes
in motherboard connectors, this particular cable will fit just fine into an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">8 pin 12 volt motherboard
connector</a>. But both halves of this 4+4 will fit into a
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4">4 pin 12 volt motherboard connector</a>.
You're supposed to use the left half of the cable shown above when plugging
it into a 4 pin motherboard connector but the right half will also fit. As it happens,
either half will work fine in a 4 pin motherboard because both halves of the
4+4 just provide 12 volts. The pinouts are the same for both halves so either
one will work. I'm not sure why they make cables like this one because
you'd figure a 4+4 cable would just be an 8 pin cable which splits in two.
And you only need one half of a 4+4 cable to plug into a 4 pin motherboard.
The other half is unused. But the kind of 4+4 cable shown above is pretty
common so don't let it throw you.
</p>
<h4 id=pciexpress>6 pin PCI Express power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="pcie6.jpg" width="898" height="410" alt="6 Pin PCI Express Power Connector">
</p>
<p>
This cable is used to provide extra 12 volt power to PCI Express expansion
cards. PCI Express motherboard slots can provide a maximum of 75 watts.
Many video cards draw significantly more than 75 watts so the 6 pin PCI
Express power cable was created. These high-power cards draw most of their
power from the 12 volt rail so this cable provides only 12 volts. These are
sometimes called "PCI Express cables". They are
also occasionally called "PEG cables" where "PEG" stands for PCI Express
Graphics. If your power supply
doesn't have a 6 pin PCI Express cable then you can use the adapter shown above on
the right to convert two
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral">4 pin peripheral cables</a>
into a PCI Express cable. If you use an adapter then be sure to plug
the 4 pin peripheral
connectors into separate cables coming from the power supply. If you plug
them both into the same power supply cable then you are drawing all the power
of the PCI Express connector through a single 18 gauge wire. You can usually
get away with that but there's no reason to do it. The PCI Express 6 pin
connector is polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct
direction. But as with connectors of this type, you can sometimes force them
into the wrong kind of socket if you try hard enough. If it doesn't slide in
easily then you're probably plugging it into the wrong place.
</p>
<p>
Some video cards come with the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 pin PCI Express power connector</a>
to support higher wattage than the 6 pin PCI Express connectors. It's okay to
plug a 6 pin PCI Express power cable into an 8 pin PCI Express connector.
It's designed to work that way but will be limited to the lower wattage
provided by the 6 pin version of the cable. The 6 pin cable only fits into
one end of the 8 pin connector so you can't insert it incorrectly but
you can sometimes force the 6 pin cable in the wrong way if you try hard
enough. Video cards can sense whether you have plugged a 6 pin or 8
pin cable into an 8 pin connector so the video card can impose some kind of
restriction when running with only a 6 pin power cable. Some cards will
refuse to run with only a 6 pin cable in an 8 pin socket. Others will work
with a 6 pin cable
at normal speeds but will not allow overclocking. Check the video card
documentation to get the rules. But if you don't have any other information
then just assume that if your video card has an 8 pin connector then you
must plug in an 8 pin cable.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1 through 3</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 4 through 6</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts or not connected</td>
<td align=center>yellow or not connected</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Video card connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>Molex 45558-0002</td>
<td align=center>Molex 45559-0002</td>
<td align=center>Molex 39-00-0168, <br>Molex 44476-1111</td>
<td align=center>8 amps</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>2.083 amps</td>
<td align=center>75 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<p>
The PCI Express specification is, unfortunately, not a free, public
specification. So most people have never seen it. Including me. ATX
specification: freely available to all. PCI Express specification: expensive
so hardly anyone has seen it. ATX: good. PCI Express: bad. It's a shame when a
widely used standard isn't freely available to the public. Nonetheless,
information leaks out from the specification and the 6 pin PCI Express power
cable is actually rated at an extremely conservative 75 watts. I have no idea
why the wattage is rated so low because the specifications from Molex clearly
allow substantially more power. Part of the reason may be that pin 2 (listed
above as a 12 volt line) may be listed as not connected in the specification.
I've never seen a 6 pin PCI Express power cable with pin 2 not
connected. They've all had a 12 volt line connected to pin 2.
I've also seen claims that there may be unimplemented sense lines in the
specification. Welcome to the uncertainty which happens when you don't have
freely available specifications.
Even with only two 12 volt lines the
standard implementation of PCI Express power cables use large enough gauge
wire and a good enough connector to provide much more than the three amps per wire required to provide 75
watts. Nonetheless, the 6 pin PCI Express power cable officially provides
only 75 watts. In all likelihood, however, real implementations of this power
cable can provide far more than 75 watts.
</p>
<h4 id=pciexpress8>8 pin PCI Express power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="pcie8.jpg" width="500" height="400" alt="8 Pin PCI Express Power Connector">
</p>
<p>
The PCI Express 2.0 specification released in January 2007 added an 8 pin
PCI Express power cable. It's just an 8 pin version of the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power
cable</a>. Both are primarily used to provide supplemental power to video
cards. The older 6 pin version officially provides a maximum of 75 watts
(although unofficially it can usually provide much more) whereas the new
8 pin version provides a maximum of 150 watts. It is very easy to confuse the
8 pin version with the very similar-looking
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt cable</a>.
</p>
<p>
The 8 pin PCI Express and the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt</a>
connectors are polarized differently so
you won't be able to plug one kind of cable into the other kind of connector.
That is, you won't be able to plug the wrong kind of cable in unless you try
really hard. Unfortunately, the Molex Mini-fit Jr. connectors used by both
kinds of power cables can sometimes be forced into a differently-polarized
connector if they only have a few pins and you push hard enough. If the cable
won't slide in easily then you're
probably trying to insert the wrong kind of cable. The 8 pin PCI Express
connector does have a small plastic bridge which prevents it from being
plugged into an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt</a>
motherboard connector. You can see the bridge in the image above between the
rightmost two pins in the top row of the connector. But there's no such protection to prevent
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt cables</a>
from being plugged into an 8 pin PCI Express connector on a video card. That
combination may fit if you shove hard enough. And if you plug in the
wrong kind of cable then expect fireworks. Some of the grounds and 12 volts
wires for an
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt</a> are
reversed compared to an 8 pin PCI Express. Fortunately, most 8 pin
PCI Express connectors are labeled "PCI-E" so people won't confuse them with
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8">EPS 8 pin 12 volt</a> cables.
If the connectors aren't labeled then you can tell an
8 pin PCI Express power cable from an EPS 8 pin 12 volt cable by checking the
color of the wires which plug into the clip side of the connector. On the
<a href="#eps8pinpicture">EPS 8 pin cable</a>, the yellow wires (the 12 volt
wires) go into the clip side of the connector. On the 8 pin PCI Express
cable, the wires on the clip side are all black (grounds). That's the same as it is with the
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power
cable</a>. Of course, none of this helps you if your cable uses the trendy
all-the-same-color-wires design which is popular with high-fashion power
supplies. In that case you'll just have to be very careful or hope the
connectors are labeled.
</p>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=6 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pinout</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 1 through 3</th>
<th colspan=3 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pins 4 through 6</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Pin number</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Wire color</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Description</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>1</td>
<td align=center>5</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>2</td>
<td align=center>6</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>yellow</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>7</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>ground</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>4</td>
<td align=center>8</td>
<td align=center>black</td>
<td align=center>ground</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Connector part numbers</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Video card connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Cable connector</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Terminals</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current per circuit</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>?</td>
<td align=center>?</td>
<td align=center>?</td>
<td align=center>?</td>
</tr>
</table>
<table align=center bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr align=center>
<th colspan=4 bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery</th>
</tr>
<tr align=center>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Voltage rail</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Number of lines</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum current</th>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Maximum wattage</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align=center>+12 volts</td>
<td align=center>3</td>
<td align=center>4.167</td>
<td align=center>150 watts</td>
</tr>
</table>
<h4 id=pciexpress6plus2>6+2 pin PCI Express power cable</h4>
<p align=center>
<img src="pcie6plus2.jpg" width="500" height="350" alt="6+2 Pin PCI Express Power Connector">
</p>
<p>
Some video cards have
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress">6 Pin PCI Express power connectors</a>
and others have
<a href="../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8">8 Pin PCI Express power connectors</a>.
Many power supplies come with a 6+2 PCI Express power cable which is
compatible with both kinds of video cards.
The 6+2 PCI Express power cable is made up of two pieces: a 6
pin piece, and a 2 pin piece. If you put the two
pieces together then you have a full 8 pin PCI Express power cable. But if
you split the connector into two parts then you can plug the 6 pin part into
the older 6 pin PCI Express connector and leave the 2 pin part unplugged.
That way, your power supply only needs to have one 6+2 cable to be compatible
with both 6 pin and 8 pin PCI Express connectors.
</p>
<hr size=3>
<!--(VIDLINKS-->
<table align=center width=750 bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Video card information</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<ul>
<li><a href="../selectvid/select.html"><b>How to select a video card</b></a>
<li><a href="../installvid/install.html"><b>How to install a video card</b></a>
<li><a href="../troubleshooting/intro.html"><b>How to troubleshoot video card problems</b></a>
<li><a href="../vidtable/table.html">The big fat table of video cards</a>
<li><a href="../agpcompat/agp.html">AGP compatibility for sticklers</a>
<li><a href="../dvicompat/dvi.html">DVI compatibility for sticklers</a>
<li><a href="../agpfix/agpfix.html">Troubleshooting AGP</a>
<li><a href="../underclockvid/slowdown.html">Troubleshoot your video card by underclocking</a>
<li><a href="../artifacts/artifacts.html">Diagnose your video card problems by comparing with example corrupted screens</a>
<li><a href="../dvitrouble/dvitrouble.html">Troubleshooting DVI problems</a>
<li><a href="../basic3d/basics.html">The basics of 3D graphics without making your eyes glaze over - just enough to get you started</a>
<li><a href="../uninstallgraphics/uninstall.html">How to uninstall your current display drivers</a>
<li><a href="../installgraphics/install.html">How to install display drivers for your video card</a>
<li><a href="../vramwidth/width.html">Understanding video RAM memory bandwidth</a>
<li><a href="../vidslots/slots.html">What kind of expansion slot should you use for your video card?</a>
<li><a href="../vga/vga.html">VGA video card outputs</a>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!--VIDLINKS)-->
<!--(INFOLINKS-->
<table align=center width=750 bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Useful technical information</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<ul>
<li><a href="../chipsetdrivers/chipset.html">How to install your motherboard chipset drivers</a>
<li><a href="../memtest/memtest.html">Test your motherboard memory with Memtest86</a>
<li><a href="../prime95/prime95.html">Torture test your CPU with Prime95</a>
<li><a href="../findspecs/findspecs.html">How to find specifications for your computer</a>
<li><a href="../restorepoint/restore.html">Create a system restore point in case something goes wrong</a>
<li><a href="../adminrights/admin.html">Getting administrator privileges</a>
<li><a href="../biosfiddling/fiddle.html">Fiddling with your BIOS</a>
<li><a href="../safemode/safemode.html">How to boot into safe mode or VGA mode</a>
<li><a href="../cpuspeed/cpuspeed.html">Rate your CPU speed at games</a>
<li><a href="../defs/defs.html">Glossary of technical terms</a>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!--INFOLINKS)-->
<!--(RANDOMLINKS-->
<table align=center width=750 bgcolor="#FFFFFF" border=2 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2>
<tr>
<th bgcolor="#C0C0C0">Random stuff</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
<ul>
<li><a href="../coasters/coasters.html">My favorite RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 coasters</a>
<li><a href="../peepfactory/peepfactory.html">PeepFactory peep generator for RollerCoaster Tycoon 3</a>
<li><a href="../backyard/view.html">The view from my old backyard</a>
</ul>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<!--RANDOMLINKS)-->
</div><!--standardindent-->
<p align=center>Copyright © 2005 - 2008 by Mark Allen</p>
</body>
</html>
|
All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors
| Power supply information |
| --- |
| * [Compatibility issues for ATX power supplies and motherboards](../psucompat/compat.html)* [A short history of PC power supply voltage rails](../psurailhistory/rails.html)* [So what's all this rubbish about multiple 12 volt rails?](../psumultirail/multirails.html)* [All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors](../psuconnectors/connectors.html)* [Rail complications #1 - current limit problems: too much current](../psuoverload/overload.html)* [Rail complications #2 - cross loading problems: unbalanced current](../psucrossload/crossloading.html)* [Rail complications #3 - minimum loading problems: too little current](../psuunderload/mincurrent.html)* [Using PC power supplies in things other than PCs](../psunonpc/nonpc.html)
|
---
#### Last updated: July 15, 2008
### All about the various PC power supply cables and connectors
#### The various power supply cables
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [AT power cable
Original PC main power cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc) | [4 Pin peripheral power cable
4 pin peripheral power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) | [floppy power cable
Floppy drive power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| | |
| --- | --- |
| [6 Pin auxiliary power cable
6 pin auxiliary power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux) | [SATA power cable
SATA power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata) |
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [20 pin ATX main power cable
20 pin ATX main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20) | [24 pin ATX main power cable
24 pin ATX main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24) | [20+4 pin ATX main power cable
20+4 pin ATX main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20plus4) |
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable
4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4) | [8 pin EPS +12 volt powercable
8 pin EPS +12 volt power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) | [4+4 pin +12 volt power cable
4+4 pin +12 volt power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps4plus4) |
| | | |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [6 pin PCI Express power cable
6 pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress) | [8 pin PCI Express power cable
8 pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8) | [6+2 pin PCI Express power cable
6+2 pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress6plus2) |
#### General info
If you'd like more technical data about ATX power connectors then you can
find the current specifications and more at
[formfactors.org](http://www.formfactors.org/)
Wires and connectors are not perfect conductors. They have resistance. When
current passes through wires and connectors there is a voltage drop and that
energy is lost
as heat. As long as you don't overload them the voltage drop and extra heat
don't matter. But the losses get worse as the current rises. That's why you
see some power cables with more that one wire for the same voltage. Having
multiple wires reduces the losses. If you seriously overload a line, the wire
can get fairly warm. The resistance of connectors tends to increase as they
are plugged and unplugged so after enough uses they can overheat and even
melt when passing a large current. So a lot of changes in connectors over
time has to do with adding more wires and connectors to make sure that none
of these problems occur.
Some of the tables below provide the maximum wattage supported by a power
cable and its associated power connector. Some specifications clearly spell
out the maximum allowed wattage. Other
specifications just provide the suggested connector and wire gauge and never
specify a maximum wattage. And there's never really an absolute value to the
maximum wattage anyway. If you draw a little more wattage then the maximum,
the hardware doesn't immediately burst into flames. The
voltage drop and power dissipation increase as you increase the
current so there isn't a clear maximum wattage at which it stops working.
Most of the specifications which spell out the maximum wattage
provide a wide safety margin by defining a value
which is far below the maximums supported by the connector and wire. If the table below provides an "Official
cable/connector maximum wattage" then that specification has spelled out the
maximum wattage. In most cases that wattage will be significantly below what
can actually be handled by the suggested connector and wire. If the table
provides an "Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage" then that
specification doesn't provide the maximum and the value in the table is a
practical maximum wattage defined by the maximums for the connector and the
suggested wire. An unofficial wattage doesn't have a wide safety margin
built in because people differ on how much margin to provide. Some people
happily use connector and wire maximums and other people like to have a wide
safety margin.
| Power connectors included with various kinds of PCs |
| --- |
| Version | Introduction date | Included connectors |
| PC | 1981 | [original PC main power cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) |
| ATX | 1995 | [20 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| ATX12V 1.0 | 2000 | [20 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
[6 pin auxiliary cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| ATX12V 1.3 | 2003 | [20 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
[6 pin auxiliary cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux)
[SATA cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| ATX12V 2.0 | 2003 | [24 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24)
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
[6 Pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress)
[SATA cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| EPS12V | 2003 | [24 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24)
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
[6 Pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress)
[SATA cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
| PCI Express 2.0 | 2007 | [24 pin main power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24)
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
[6 Pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress)
[8 Pin PCI Express power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8)
[SATA cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#sata)
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
[floppy cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#floppy) |
#### Original PC main power cables
The original PC debuted in 1981 and used two cables to connect the
PSU (power supply) to the motherboard. The two cables plug
side by side into the motherboard connectors. Sometimes they are keyed so
they only plug in one way and sometimes they aren't. Even if they're keyed
you can insert them the wrong way if you put a little effort into it. You
always have to remember to plug them in so the black wires are next to each
other. It's either "black to black" or smoke and a shower of sparks.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| 1 | orange | power good |
| 2 | red | +5 volts or connector key |
| 3 | yellow | +12 volts |
| 4 | blue | -12 volts |
| 5 | black | ground |
| 6 | black | ground |
| 1 | black | ground |
| 2 | black | ground |
| 3 | white | -5 volts |
| 4 | red | +5 volts |
| 5 | red | +5 volts |
| 6 | red | +5 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 15-48-0106 | Molex 90331 | Molex 08-50-0276 | 5 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +5 volts | 3 or 4 | 15 or 20 amps | 75 or 100 watts |
| +12 volts | 1 | 5 amps | 60 watts |
In old PCs, almost all of the chips ran directly off of the 5 volt rail.
As a result the PSU delivers most of its wattage at 5 volts. There
are three or four lines dedicated to the 5 volt rail. The other
main rail is 12 volts. That was used primarily to run disk drives, motors, and
fans. The two negative rails are "bias" supplies which only have to provide
small amounts of current. Just for interest's sake, here's the specification
for the PSU which came with the original IBM PC. It provides a
maximum of 63.5 watts. Boy, those were the days.
| Original IBM PC power supply |
| --- |
| Voltage | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +5 volts | 7.0 amps | 35 watts |
| -5 volts | 0.3 amps | 1.5 watts |
| +12 volts | 2.0 amps | 24 watts |
| -12 volts | 0.25 amps | 3 watts |
#### 4 pin peripheral power cable
The four pin peripheral power cable dates back to the original PC. It was
used for floppy drives and hard disks. It's still around and is now also used
for all kinds of things including add-on fans, extra video card power,
supplemental motherboard power, and case lighting. It's as old as the hills
but is still very widely used. The connector is shaped so
that it only fits in one way. You don't have to worry about inserting it
the wrong way. People often use the term "4 pin Molex power cable" or "4 pin
Molex" to refer
to a four pin peripheral power cable. It's not a technically useful term
because the [4 pin 12 volt
cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4) is also a 4 pin Molex cable (Molex makes *lots* of
connectors) but "4 pin Molex" is commonly used to refer to peripheral
cables anyway.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| 1 | yellow | +12 volts |
| 2 | black | ground |
| 3 | black | ground |
| 4 | red | +5 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Socket housing | Socket | Pin housing | Pin | Maximum current per circuit |
| AMP 1-480424-0 | AMP 60619-1 | AMP 1-480426-0 | AMP 60620-1 | 13 amps |
I don't know of any official definition of the maximum current allowed in a
peripheral cable. The connector can handle 13 amps according to the
manufacturer. But you normally find 18 awg wire in the peripheral cables. If
you have an 18 inch cable (about a half a meter) and are running 13 amps
through 18 gauge wire then you get a voltage drop of about 0.25 volts counting
both the power wire and the ground (it's got to go both ways) and the
dissipation is about 3.3 watts. That's not good. I've just played it safe and
listed the maximum current as 5 amps.
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +5 volts | 1 | 5 amps | 25 watts |
| +12 volts | 1 | 5 amps | 60 watts |
Current power supplies usually have at least two separate peripheral
power cables, each of which has two or more peripheral connectors. When
you're plugging in multiple high powered devices it's a good idea to spread
the load between all of your cables. Don't just plug all your devices into
one cable unless they're relatively low load devices. Spreading the current
between the cables reduces the voltage drops and power loss. If they're
relatively low current devices like fans or it's just a disk drive or two
then it doesn't really matter. But if you're putting lots of hard disks into
a computer (some can draw almost 3 amps at 12 volts when doing some
operations) or connecting a video card's auxiliary power, then spread the
loads between the peripheral power cables. It's also helpful if you use a
connector as close to the PSU as possible rather than sticking things at the
end of the cable. Extra wire just means more voltage drop. And if you're
using a [peripheral connector to
PCI Express adapter](../psuoverload/adapter.jpg) then be sure to plug each of the adapter's peripheral
connectors into a separate PSU cable. They gave you two peripheral connectors
for a reason. Plugging them both into the same PSU cable forces your video
card to draw its 12 volt power through one 18 gauge wire. That increases your
voltage drop and power dissipation in the cable. Some current high-end video
cards can suck up more than 10 amps at 12 volts with most of it coming
through the PCI Express connector so it pays to be careful. It will probably
work if you don't spread the load but
there's no excuse for not doing it properly. They gave you multiple cables.
You might as well use them. Plus there's just something creepy about having
warm wires even if they're not melting.
You will occasionally run into peripheral connectors which don't have all
four wires. They are usually 12 volt only cables intended for fans. Never
plug one of those into a disk drive. Drives expect both 5 and 12 volts to be
provided. Some of the two-wire peripheral connectors are for speed-controlled
fans. That means that the voltage changes depending on the desired fan speed.
The connector will only provide 12 volts when the fan is going full speed and
the voltage decreases to slow the fan down. Definitely don't plug that one
into anything but a fan! Normally this kind of peripheral connector has "fan"
printed on it to warn you. As long as a peripheral connector has four wires:
one yellow, two black, and one red and it doesn't have some kind of printed
warning attached then it's a standard peripheral cable and you can plug it
into anything.
#### Floppy drive power cable
The four pin floppy drive cable showed up when PCs started including 3.5 inch
floppy drives. This kind of cable is also sometimes used as an auxiliary
power cable for AGP video cards which use more power than can be drawn from
the motherboard slot. The connector is shaped so that it only fits in one
way so you don't have to worry about inserting it the wrong way. Floppy
cables are built with small connectors and 20 awg wire so they are limited to
relatively low current uses.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| 1 | red | +5 volts |
| 2 | black | ground |
| 3 | black | ground |
| 4 | yellow | +12 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Socket housing | Socket | Maximum current per circuit |
| AMP 171822-4 | AMP 170262-1 | 3 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +5 volts | 1 | 3 amps | 15 watts |
| +12 volts | 1 | 3 amps | 36 watts |
#### 6 pin auxiliary power cable
The aux power cable was added to provide extra wattage to motherboards
for 3.3 and 5 volts. This connector is rarely used anymore. It's most
commonly found on older dual CPU AMD motherboards. You're more
likely to sight [Bigfoot](http://www.bfro.net/) than a motherboard which uses this connector. It
plugs into the 6 pin version of the motherboard connector used by the
[original PC main power
cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#oldpc).
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| 1 | black | ground |
| 2 | black | ground |
| 3 | black | ground |
| 4 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| 5 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| 6 | red | +5 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 15-48-0106 | Molex 90331-0010 | Molex 08-50-0276 | 5 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +3.3 volts | 2 | 10 amps | 33 watts |
| +5 volts | 1 | 5 amps | 25 watts |
#### SATA power cable
SATA was introduced to upgrade the ATA interface (also called IDE) to a
more advanced design. SATA includes both a data cable and a power cable.
The power cable replaces the old
[4 pin peripheral
cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) and adds support for 3.3 volts (if fully implemented). The
connector is shaped so it can only be plugged in the correct way.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pin number | Wire number | Wire color | Description |
| 1 | 5 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| 2 | 5 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| 3 | 5 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| 4 | 4 | black | ground |
| 5 | 4 | black | ground |
| 6 | 4 | black | ground |
| 7 | 3 | red | +5 volts |
| 8 | 3 | red | +5 volts |
| 9 | 3 | red | +5 volts |
| 10 | 2 | black | ground |
| 11 | 2 | black | ground |
| 12 | 2 | black | ground |
| 13 | 1 | yellow | +12 volts |
| 14 | 1 | yellow | +12 volts |
| 15 | 1 | yellow | +12 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 67582-0000 | Molex 67581-0000 | 1.5 amps |
| Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +3.3 volts | 3 | 4.5 amps | 14.85 watts |
| +5 volts | 3 | 4.5 amps | 22.5 watts |
| +12 volts | 3 | 4.5 amps | 54 watts |
You have to be careful about SATA power cables. Some of them are missing
the 3.3 volt wire. People with older power supplies often use adapters which
convert from
[4 pin peripheral
cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) to SATA power cables. But since 4 pin peripheral connectors only
supply 5 and 12 volts, the SATA connector is missing 3.3 volts (there's no
orange wire). There are also a few older power supplies which inexplicably
have SATA power cables which are missing the 3.3 volt wire. Currently, SATA
drives rarely use
3.3 volts. That may be because there are too many people using adapters so
the drive makers don't want the headaches which come with using 3.3 volts.
But in the future, 3.3 volt drives may become common so you need to be
careful when using SATA power cables which don't implement 3.3 volts.
#### ATX 20 pin main power cable
In 1996 PC makers started switching to the ATX standard which defined a new
20 pin motherboard power connector. It includes a 3.3 volt rail which is used
to power newer chips which require a lower voltage than 5 volts. It also has
a standby 5 volt rail which is always on even when the power supply is turned
off to provide standby power to the motherboard when the machine is sleeping.
The new connector also allows the motherboard to turn the power supply on and
off rather than depend on the user to flip a power switch. This connector is
polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct direction.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1 through 10 | Pins 11 through 20 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| +3.3 volts | orange | 1 | 11 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| +3.3 volts | orange | 2 | 12 | blue | -12 volts |
| ground | black | 3 | 13 | black | ground |
| +5 volts | red | 4 | 14 | green | PS\_ON# |
| ground | black | 5 | 15 | black | ground |
| +5 volts | red | 6 | 16 | black | ground |
| ground | black | 7 | 17 | black | ground |
| PWR\_OK | gray | 8 | 18 | white | -5 volts (optional) |
| VSB +5 volts | purple | 9 | 19 | red | +5 volts |
| +12 volts | yellow | 10 | 20 | red | +5 volts |
Some of the voltage lines on the connector may have smaller sense wires which
allow the power supply to sense what voltage is actually seen by the
motherboard. These are pretty common on the 3.3 volt line in pin 11 but are
sometimes used for other voltages too. The -5 volt line on pin 18 was made
optional in ATX12V 1.3 (introduced in 2003) because -5 had been rarely used
for years. Newer motherboards virtually never require -5 volts but many older
motherboards do. Most newer power supplies don't provide -5 volts in which
case the white wire is missing.
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 39-28-1203 | Molex 39-01-2200 | Molex 39-00-0168, Molex 44476-1111 | 6 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +3.3 volts | 3 | 18 amps | 59 watts |
| +5 volts | 4 | 24 amps | 120 watts |
| +12 volts | 1 | 6 amps | 72 watts |
Dell used to ship many computers which used motherboards and power supplies
which looked like plain old ATX but were not really ATX at all. If you
plugged a real ATX power supply into the motherboard then things went
kaboom (or frzzzzzap or ...). Sadly, some large computer vendors like to lock
customers into buying upgrades from them rather from a third party. That's
nasty enough but Dell built their non-standard computers and motherboards
with what looked like standard ATX components. You only found out otherwise
once sparks started flying. The Dell PCs which were carrying this ticking
time-bomb were made between 1996 and 2000. If you're replacing a Dell power
supply from this era then you should call Dell and make sure it's not a
proprietary design. And if they say yes then be sure to voice your
displeasure. This is an evil business practice which should stop.
You can plug a 20 pin ATX power cable into a motherboard with a
[24 pin ATX connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24).
The image above shows the 20 pin power cable plugged into a
24 pin motherboard. A 20 pin power cable only
fits into one end of a 24 pin motherboard connector so you can't insert it
incorrectly. The 24 pin motherboard connector is actually just the 20 pin
connector with 4 extra pins added on the end. The original 20 pins were
unchanged. The extra 4 pins are not separate rails. They're just extra lines
to provide more current to the same rails. On every 24 pin motherboard I've
seen, the extra lines for ground, 3.3,
5, and 12 are just connected to the other lines on the same rail from the 20
pin connector. I've never heard of exceptions and it doesn't make sense for
motherboard makers to create any. As a result, you can plug a 20 pin cable
into a 24 pin motherboard and it will work just fine. At least, it will for a
while. They added those extra 4 pins for a reason. When you plug a 20 pin
cable into a 24 pin connector you're not providing the extra current carrying
capacity which may be needed by the motherboard. If your motherboard's
current requirements are low enough then it will work properly with only a 20
pin power cabled plugged in. But if the motherboard draws enough current,
then you can overheat the 20 pins you're using on the 24 pin connector. I've
seen enough pictures of burned ATX main connectors to assure you that this
happens. In adding the extra four pins, 3.3 volts went from 3 to 4 lines. 5
volts when from 4 to 5 lines. 12 volts went from 1 to 2 lines so its capacity
doubled. Connectors really do get hot if you overload them so the safest
thing to do is use a real 24 pin power supply on a motherboard with a 24 pin
connector. Note that your 24 pin machine may work fine with a 20 pin power
supply until you add a PCI Express card later on down the road. PCI Express
cards can draw up to 75 watts through the motherboard connector so
adding an expansion card can substantially increase power draw through the
main power cable. Many PCI Express
video cards which have the
[6 pin](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress) or
[8 pin PCI Express
power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8) still draw a
[substantial
portion](http://www.xbitlabs.com/articles/other/display/fsp-vga-power_6.html) of their 12 volt load through the PCI Express slot. The extra 4
pins doubled the current capacity of the 12 volt rail so that one is easy to
overload when only using a 20 pin main power cable.
The picture above shows an adapter which allows you to plug a 20 pin
power supply into a 24 pin motherboard. These do not solve the problems
mentioned above. In
fact, they usually make things worse. You still have only the same old 20
wires and pin&socket connectors that you would have if you plugged it
directly into the motherboard. But with the adapter you also have longer
wires and another set of pins&sockets so you have a higher voltage drop and
more things which can go wrong. All the adapter does is remove the problem
from the 24 pin motherboard connector and move it to the 20 pin connector on
the adapter. About the only good thing it does is to make sure the 20 pin
connector on the adapter melts rather than the 24 pin connector on the
motherboard. You shouldn't underestimate the potential problems which come
from adding another connector between the power supply and the motherboard.
The resistance of connectors can increase due to being plugged and unplugged.
Increasing the resistance makes the connector drop more voltage and dissipate
more heat. Any number of physical changes can also cause higher connector
resistance which causes more problems. You shouldn't put an extra connector
in a high current path unless you've got a good reason. That's a good rule
for power cables in general but it goes doubly for the high current draws you
sometimes find through motherboard main power cables. The best practice is to
avoid these 20 to 24 pin adapters and get a real 24 pin power supply.
#### ATX 24 pin main power cable
The 24 pin main power
connector was added in ATX12V 2.0 to provide extra power needed by
PCI Express slots. The older
[20 pin main power
cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20) only has one 12 volt line. The new 24 pin connector added one
line apiece for ground, 3.3, 5, and 12 volts. The extra pins made the
[auxiliary power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#aux)
unnecessary so most ATX12V 2.x power supplies don't have them. The 24 pin
connector
is polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct direction.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1 through 12 | Pins 13 through 24 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| +3.3 volts | orange | 1 | 13 | orange | +3.3 volts |
| +3.3 volts | orange | 2 | 14 | blue | -12 volts |
| ground | black | 3 | 15 | black | ground |
| +5 volts | red | 4 | 16 | green | PS\_ON# |
| ground | black | 5 | 17 | black | ground |
| +5 volts | red | 6 | 18 | black | ground |
| ground | black | 7 | 19 | black | ground |
| PWR\_OK | gray | 8 | 20 | white | -5 volts (optional) |
| VSB +5 volts | purple | 9 | 21 | red | +5 volts |
| +12 volts | yellow | 10 | 22 | red | +5 volts |
| +12 volts | yellow | 11 | 23 | red | +5 volts |
| +3.3 volts | orange | 12 | 24 | black | ground |
Some of the voltage lines on the connector may have smaller sense wires which
allow the power supply to sense what voltage is actually seen by the
motherboard. These are pretty common on the 3.3 volt line in pin 13 but are
sometimes used for other voltages too. The -5 volt line on pin 20 was made
optional in ATX12V 1.3 (introduced in 2003) because -5 had been rarely used
for years. Newer motherboards virtually never require -5 volts but many older
motherboards do. Most newer power supplies don't provide -5 volts in which
case the white wire is missing.
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 39-28-1243 | Molex 39-01-2240 | Molex 39-00-0168, Molex 44476-1111 | 6 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery for main rails |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +3.3 volts | 4 | 24 amps | 79.2 watts |
| +5 volts | 5 | 30 amps | 150 watts |
| +12 volts | 2 | 12 amps | 144 watts |
If you have an ATX power supply with a 24 pin main cable, it's okay to plug
it into a motherboard with a 20 pin connector. It was designed to work that
way. You can see an example in the picture above. The extra 4 pins on
the cable just hang over the end of the motherboard connector. The 24 pin
cable only fits
into a 20 pin socket at one end so you can't plug it in incorrectly. The
extra 4 pins were added to the 24 pin version of the cable to provide one
extra wire for ground, 3.3, 5, and 12 volts. But it's okay to leave those 4
pins disconnected because a motherboard with a 20 pin connector doesn't need
them. The only problem you can bump into (literally) is if there is something
blocking the spot where the 24 pin cable hangs over the end. Or sometimes the
end of the 20 pin motherboard connector is too thick to fit between the pins
of the 24 pin cable. You can solve that problem by carefully shaving down
one end of the 20 pin motherboard connector. It's just plastic. You won't
miss it. If you can't get them to fit together then you can get an adapter
cable which will make it work. The 24 pin cable plugs into one end of the
adapter and then the adapter plugs into the 20 pin motherboard. But you
should avoid using that kind of adapter if you can because the extra wire and
connector are just more things which can go wrong. Adapters also slightly
increase the voltage drop which is something worth avoiding. It's better to
first see if you can get a 24 pin cable to fit into a 20 pin motherboard
before resorting to an adapter.
#### ATX 20+4 pin main power cable
Motherboards can come with either a
[20 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
or a
[24 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24).
Many power supplies come with a 20+4 cable which is compatible with both 20
and 24 pin motherboards. A 20+4 power cable has two pieces: a 20 pin piece,
and a 4 pin piece. If you leave the two pieces separate then you can plug the 20 pin
piece into a 20 pin motherboard and leave the 4 pin piece unplugged. Be sure
to leave the 4 pin piece unplugged even if it fits into another connector.
The 4 pin piece is not compatible with any other connectors. If you plug the
two pieces of a 20+4 power cable together then you have a 24 pin power cable
which can be plugged into a 24 pin motherboard.
#### 4 pin ATX +12 volt power cable
Older computers put most of their load on 3.3 and 5 volts. As time passed,
computers drew more and more of their load from 12 volts (see
[here](../psurailhistory/rails.html)). Before this power cable
was introduced there was just one
12 volt line provided to the motherboard. This cable added two more 12
volt lines so more of the load could be shifted to 12 volts. The power coming
from this connector is usually used to power the CPU but some motherboards
use it for other things as well. The presense of this connector on a
motherboard means it's an ATX12V motherboard. For dual 12 volt rail power
supplies, this connector provides the voltage refered to as 12V2. The power
cable which plugs into the 4 pin connector has two black wires and two yellow
wires. This cable is sometimes called an "ATX12V" cable or "P4" cable
although neither of those are technically accurate descriptions.
If you have one of these connectors on a motherboard then you must plug a
power cable into it or your CPU won't get any power. The one exception is
that when this connector was new, some motherboards shipped with a socket
into which you could plug a [4
pin peripheral power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) as an alternative. That helped people who had
older power supplies which didn't have the 4 pin 12 volt cable.
The 4 pin 12 volt cable is polarized so it can only be plugged into the 4
pin motherboard connector correctly. If you look carefully at the picture
above you can see that two of the pins are square and the other two have
rounded corners. The motherboard connectors also have the same square and
rounded arrangement so the power cable only fits in one way. At least that's
true unless you try really hard to force it into the connector. With enough
force you can sometimes get a cable with a small number of pins into a
connector which doesn't match. If you look carefully you can also see that
the square and rounded pattern matches various positions on other motherboard
connectors like the
[20 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
and
[24 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24).
Do yourself a favor and only plug the 4 pin 12 volt cable into the motherboard
connector where it belongs (unless you enjoy smoke and fried components).
If your
power supply doesn't have a 4 pin 12 V cable then you can provide one with the
adapter shown above. It converts a
[4 pin peripheral cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
into a 4 pin 12 V cable.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1, 2 | Pins 3, 4 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| ground | black | 1 | 3 | yellow | +12 volts |
| ground | black | 2 | 4 | yellow | +12 volts |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 39-28-1043 | Molex 39-01-2040 | Molex 39-00-0168, Molex 44476-1111 | 8 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +12 volts | 2 | 16 amps | 192 watts |
You can plug a
[4 pin 12 volt power cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
into an
[8 pin EPS motherboard connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
but there's no guarantee that it will work. If
the motherboard expects only one 12 volt rail then a
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
may work. If the motherboard expects two 12 volt rails (many dual CPU
motherboards require one 12 volt rail per CPU) then it won't work.
Even if the motherboard works with a
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4),
you are still only providing half of the current carrying capacity which
would be provided by an 8 pin EPS cable. That can overheat both the motherboard
connector and 4 pin cable. Scorched or melted connectors can be a result.
A motherboard which has the 8 pin EPS connector expects a lot of current and
you are taking a serious risk by plugging in a 4 pin cable. The 4 pin cable only fits
at one end of the 8 pin EPS motherboard connector so you can't plug it in
improperly. That is, it only fits into one end of the motherboard connector
unless you force it. If the cable doesn't go into the socket easily then
you're probably trying to plug it into the wrong end. But then again, it's
not a good idea to try to run with a 4 pin cable in an 8 pin motherboard
anyway.
#### 8 pin EPS +12 volt power cable
This cable was originally created for workstations to provide 12 volts to
power multiple CPUs. But as time has passed many CPUs require more 12 volt
power and the
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) is
often used instead of a
[4 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4).
Depending on the power supply, the connector may contain one 12 volt rail in
all 8 pins or two 12 volt rails taking up 4 pins apiece. It is often refered
to as an "EPS12V" cable.
The 8 pin 12 volt cable is polarized so it can only be plugged into the 8
pin motherboard connector correctly. If you look carefully at the picture
above you can see that four of the pins are square and the other four have
rounded corners. The motherboard connectors also have the same square and
rounded arrangement so the power cable only fits in one way. At least that's
true unless you try really hard to force it into the connector. With enough
force you can sometimes get a cable with a small number of pins into a
connector which doesn't match. The 8 pin cable has enough pins that it's
pretty hard to insert it in the wrong direction but determined people might
be able to do it. If you look carefully you
can also see that the square and rounded pattern matches various positions on
other motherboard connectors like the
[20 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain20)
and
[24 pin main power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atxmain24).
You should only plug the 8 pin 12 volt cable into the motherboard
connector where it belongs unless you enjoy the smell of fried electronics.
You can also plug an
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) into a
[4 pin 12 volt motherboard connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4).
I don't have a picture of this one but it looks similar to
[this](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#24into20). Four of the
pins on the 8 pin cable fit
into the motherboard connector and the other four pins hang off the end.
The 8 pin cable only fits into one end of the 4 pin motherboard connector
unless you try hard to force it into the wrong position. The 8 pin
cable is electrically compatible but it may not fit into a 4 pin motherboard.
There is often a component which blocks the area where the 4 pins would hang
off the end. And sometimes the plastic end of the 4 pin connector is too
thick to fit between the pins of the 8 pin cable.
Make sure that you don't try to plug an
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) into
the
[8 Pin PCI Express power
connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8) on a video card. The two cables look very similar so it's easy
to get the two confused.
[8 Pin PCI Express power
cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8) are usually labeled to distinguish them from
[8 pin 12 volt cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8).
The PCI Express cable usually has "PCI-E" printed on the connector. If there
are no labels then you can usually use wire colors to tell the two kinds of cables
apart. An
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
has yellow wires on the same side as the connector clip. An
[8 Pin PCI Express cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8)
has black wires on the clip side.
The two power cables are also keyed differently so you can't plug one kind of
power cable into the other kind of connector. But as with this kind of
connector, you can sometimes force the wrong kind of cable into a connector
if you push hard enough. Make sure you have the right kind of cable before
plugging it in. The two are definitely not compatible with each other.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1 through 4 | Pins 5 through 8 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| ground | black | 1 | 5 | yellow | +12 volts (12V1) |
| ground | black | 2 | 6 | yellow | +12 volts (12V1) |
| ground | black | 3 | 7 | yellow | +12 volts (12V1 or 12V2) |
| ground | black | 4 | 8 | yellow | +12 volts (12V1 or 12V2) |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Motherboard connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 39-28-1083 | Molex 39-01-2080 | Molex 39-00-0168, Molex 44476-1111 | 7 amps |
| Unofficial cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +12 volts | 4 | 28 amps | 336 watts |
If you don't have an 8
pin 12 volt cable then you can use the adapter shown above. It converts a
couple of [4 pin peripheral
power cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral) into an 8 pin 12 volt cable. If you use one of these adapters
then be sure
to plug the 4 pin peripheral connectors into separate cables coming from the
power supply. If you plug them both into the same power supply cable then you
are drawing all the power of the 8 pin 12 volt connector through a single 18 gauge
wire. You can often get away with that but there's no reason to do it.
#### 4+4 pin +12 volt power cable
Motherboards can come with either a
[4 pin 12 volt connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
or an
[8 pin 12 volt connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8).
Many power supplies come with a 4+4 pin 12 volt cable which is compatible with both 4
and 8 pin motherboards. A 4+4 power cable has two separate 4 pin pieces.
If you plug the
two pieces of a 4+4 power cable together then you have a 8 pin power cable
which can be plugged into an
[8 pin 12 volt connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8).
If you leave the two pieces separate then you can plug one of the 4 pin
pieces into a
[4 pin 12 volt connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4)
and leave the other 4 pin piece unplugged.
If
you look carefully at the image above then you can see the polarization of
the pins which prevents you from plugging the cable in improperly. Some of
the pins are square and some of them have rounded off corners. The motherboard
connectors have matching square and rounded off corners to prevent the cable
from being plugged in the wrong way. But if you look *really* carefully
at the right half of this particular cable and then look at the
[8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
pictured above you'll notice that they don't match. A regular 8 pin cable
has four square pins and four rounded ones but the 4+4 cable shown above has
two square pins and 6 rounded ones. The left half of the 4+4 matches the left
half of an 8 pin cable but the right half is different. Hmmmm... And this isn't some bizarre cable
either. I've seen plenty of 4+4s which look like this one. And then there are
other 4+4 cables which look just like an 8 pin cable split in two (which
makes sense). Since rounded pins fit into square holes
in motherboard connectors, this particular cable will fit just fine into an
[8 pin 12 volt motherboard
connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8). But both halves of this 4+4 will fit into a
[4 pin 12 volt motherboard connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4).
You're supposed to use the left half of the cable shown above when plugging
it into a 4 pin motherboard connector but the right half will also fit. As it happens,
either half will work fine in a 4 pin motherboard because both halves of the
4+4 just provide 12 volts. The pinouts are the same for both halves so either
one will work. I'm not sure why they make cables like this one because
you'd figure a 4+4 cable would just be an 8 pin cable which splits in two.
And you only need one half of a 4+4 cable to plug into a 4 pin motherboard.
The other half is unused. But the kind of 4+4 cable shown above is pretty
common so don't let it throw you.
#### 6 pin PCI Express power cable
This cable is used to provide extra 12 volt power to PCI Express expansion
cards. PCI Express motherboard slots can provide a maximum of 75 watts.
Many video cards draw significantly more than 75 watts so the 6 pin PCI
Express power cable was created. These high-power cards draw most of their
power from the 12 volt rail so this cable provides only 12 volts. These are
sometimes called "PCI Express cables". They are
also occasionally called "PEG cables" where "PEG" stands for PCI Express
Graphics. If your power supply
doesn't have a 6 pin PCI Express cable then you can use the adapter shown above on
the right to convert two
[4 pin peripheral cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#peripheral)
into a PCI Express cable. If you use an adapter then be sure to plug
the 4 pin peripheral
connectors into separate cables coming from the power supply. If you plug
them both into the same power supply cable then you are drawing all the power
of the PCI Express connector through a single 18 gauge wire. You can usually
get away with that but there's no reason to do it. The PCI Express 6 pin
connector is polarized so it can only be plugged in pointing in the correct
direction. But as with connectors of this type, you can sometimes force them
into the wrong kind of socket if you try hard enough. If it doesn't slide in
easily then you're probably plugging it into the wrong place.
Some video cards come with the
[8 pin PCI Express power connector](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8)
to support higher wattage than the 6 pin PCI Express connectors. It's okay to
plug a 6 pin PCI Express power cable into an 8 pin PCI Express connector.
It's designed to work that way but will be limited to the lower wattage
provided by the 6 pin version of the cable. The 6 pin cable only fits into
one end of the 8 pin connector so you can't insert it incorrectly but
you can sometimes force the 6 pin cable in the wrong way if you try hard
enough. Video cards can sense whether you have plugged a 6 pin or 8
pin cable into an 8 pin connector so the video card can impose some kind of
restriction when running with only a 6 pin power cable. Some cards will
refuse to run with only a 6 pin cable in an 8 pin socket. Others will work
with a 6 pin cable
at normal speeds but will not allow overclocking. Check the video card
documentation to get the rules. But if you don't have any other information
then just assume that if your video card has an 8 pin connector then you
must plug in an 8 pin cable.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1 through 3 | Pins 4 through 6 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| +12 volts | yellow | 1 | 4 | black | ground |
| +12 volts or not connected | yellow or not connected | 2 | 5 | black | ground |
| +12 volts | yellow | 3 | 6 | black | ground |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Video card connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| Molex 45558-0002 | Molex 45559-0002 | Molex 39-00-0168, Molex 44476-1111 | 8 amps |
| Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +12 volts | 3 | 2.083 amps | 75 watts |
The PCI Express specification is, unfortunately, not a free, public
specification. So most people have never seen it. Including me. ATX
specification: freely available to all. PCI Express specification: expensive
so hardly anyone has seen it. ATX: good. PCI Express: bad. It's a shame when a
widely used standard isn't freely available to the public. Nonetheless,
information leaks out from the specification and the 6 pin PCI Express power
cable is actually rated at an extremely conservative 75 watts. I have no idea
why the wattage is rated so low because the specifications from Molex clearly
allow substantially more power. Part of the reason may be that pin 2 (listed
above as a 12 volt line) may be listed as not connected in the specification.
I've never seen a 6 pin PCI Express power cable with pin 2 not
connected. They've all had a 12 volt line connected to pin 2.
I've also seen claims that there may be unimplemented sense lines in the
specification. Welcome to the uncertainty which happens when you don't have
freely available specifications.
Even with only two 12 volt lines the
standard implementation of PCI Express power cables use large enough gauge
wire and a good enough connector to provide much more than the three amps per wire required to provide 75
watts. Nonetheless, the 6 pin PCI Express power cable officially provides
only 75 watts. In all likelihood, however, real implementations of this power
cable can provide far more than 75 watts.
#### 8 pin PCI Express power cable
The PCI Express 2.0 specification released in January 2007 added an 8 pin
PCI Express power cable. It's just an 8 pin version of the
[6 Pin PCI Express power
cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress). Both are primarily used to provide supplemental power to video
cards. The older 6 pin version officially provides a maximum of 75 watts
(although unofficially it can usually provide much more) whereas the new
8 pin version provides a maximum of 150 watts. It is very easy to confuse the
8 pin version with the very similar-looking
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8).
The 8 pin PCI Express and the
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
connectors are polarized differently so
you won't be able to plug one kind of cable into the other kind of connector.
That is, you won't be able to plug the wrong kind of cable in unless you try
really hard. Unfortunately, the Molex Mini-fit Jr. connectors used by both
kinds of power cables can sometimes be forced into a differently-polarized
connector if they only have a few pins and you push hard enough. If the cable
won't slide in easily then you're
probably trying to insert the wrong kind of cable. The 8 pin PCI Express
connector does have a small plastic bridge which prevents it from being
plugged into an
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
motherboard connector. You can see the bridge in the image above between the
rightmost two pins in the top row of the connector. But there's no such protection to prevent
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt cables](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8)
from being plugged into an 8 pin PCI Express connector on a video card. That
combination may fit if you shove hard enough. And if you plug in the
wrong kind of cable then expect fireworks. Some of the grounds and 12 volts
wires for an
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) are
reversed compared to an 8 pin PCI Express. Fortunately, most 8 pin
PCI Express connectors are labeled "PCI-E" so people won't confuse them with
[EPS 8 pin 12 volt](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8) cables.
If the connectors aren't labeled then you can tell an
8 pin PCI Express power cable from an EPS 8 pin 12 volt cable by checking the
color of the wires which plug into the clip side of the connector. On the
[EPS 8 pin cable](#eps8pinpicture), the yellow wires (the 12 volt
wires) go into the clip side of the connector. On the 8 pin PCI Express
cable, the wires on the clip side are all black (grounds). That's the same as it is with the
[6 Pin PCI Express power
cable](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress). Of course, none of this helps you if your cable uses the trendy
all-the-same-color-wires design which is popular with high-fashion power
supplies. In that case you'll just have to be very careful or hope the
connectors are labeled.
| Pinout |
| --- |
| Pins 1 through 3 | Pins 4 through 6 |
| Description | Wire color | Pin number | Pin number | Wire color | Description |
| +12 volts | yellow | 1 | 5 | black | ground |
| +12 volts | yellow | 2 | 6 | black | ground |
| +12 volts | yellow | 3 | 7 | black | ground |
| ground | black | 4 | 8 | black | ground |
| Connector part numbers |
| --- |
| Video card connector | Cable connector | Terminals | Maximum current per circuit |
| ? | ? | ? | ? |
| Official cable/connector maximum wattage delivery |
| --- |
| Voltage rail | Number of lines | Maximum current | Maximum wattage |
| +12 volts | 3 | 4.167 | 150 watts |
#### 6+2 pin PCI Express power cable
Some video cards have
[6 Pin PCI Express power connectors](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress)
and others have
[8 Pin PCI Express power connectors](../psuconnectors/connectors.html#pciexpress8).
Many power supplies come with a 6+2 PCI Express power cable which is
compatible with both kinds of video cards.
The 6+2 PCI Express power cable is made up of two pieces: a 6
pin piece, and a 2 pin piece. If you put the two
pieces together then you have a full 8 pin PCI Express power cable. But if
you split the connector into two parts then you can plug the 6 pin part into
the older 6 pin PCI Express connector and leave the 2 pin part unplugged.
That way, your power supply only needs to have one 6+2 cable to be compatible
with both 6 pin and 8 pin PCI Express connectors.
---
| Video card information |
| --- |
| * [**How to select a video card**](../selectvid/select.html)* [**How to install a video card**](../installvid/install.html)* [**How to troubleshoot video card problems**](../troubleshooting/intro.html)* [The big fat table of video cards](../vidtable/table.html)* [AGP compatibility for sticklers](../agpcompat/agp.html)* [DVI compatibility for sticklers](../dvicompat/dvi.html)* [Troubleshooting AGP](../agpfix/agpfix.html)* [Troubleshoot your video card by underclocking](../underclockvid/slowdown.html)* [Diagnose your video card problems by comparing with example corrupted screens](../artifacts/artifacts.html)* [Troubleshooting DVI problems](../dvitrouble/dvitrouble.html)* [The basics of 3D graphics without making your eyes glaze over - just enough to get you started](../basic3d/basics.html)* [How to uninstall your current display drivers](../uninstallgraphics/uninstall.html)* [How to install display drivers for your video card](../installgraphics/install.html)* [Understanding video RAM memory bandwidth](../vramwidth/width.html)* [What kind of expansion slot should you use for your video card?](../vidslots/slots.html)* [VGA video card outputs](../vga/vga.html)
|
| Useful technical information |
| --- |
| * [How to install your motherboard chipset drivers](../chipsetdrivers/chipset.html)* [Test your motherboard memory with Memtest86](../memtest/memtest.html)* [Torture test your CPU with Prime95](../prime95/prime95.html)* [How to find specifications for your computer](../findspecs/findspecs.html)* [Create a system restore point in case something goes wrong](../restorepoint/restore.html)* [Getting administrator privileges](../adminrights/admin.html)* [Fiddling with your BIOS](../biosfiddling/fiddle.html)* [How to boot into safe mode or VGA mode](../safemode/safemode.html)* [Rate your CPU speed at games](../cpuspeed/cpuspeed.html)* [Glossary of technical terms](../defs/defs.html)
|
| Random stuff |
| --- |
| * [My favorite RollerCoaster Tycoon 3 coasters](../coasters/coasters.html)* [PeepFactory peep generator for RollerCoaster Tycoon 3](../peepfactory/peepfactory.html)* [The view from my old backyard](../backyard/view.html)
|
Copyright © 2005 - 2008 by Mark Allen
| http://www.playtool.com/pages/psuconnectors/connectors.html |
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