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[ "He signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and he began to record his debut album Everything You Want the same year .", "Norwood was signed to Elektra Records in 1995 and recorded his debut album Everything You Want the next year ." ]
[ "In 1989 , at the age of eight , Norwood began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in The Sinbad Show , from 1993 to 1994 .", "At age eight , he began auditioning for and appearing in television commercials ; he played the foster son in The Sinbad Show ." ]
[ "William Ray Norwood Jr. ( born January 17 , 1981 ) , known by his stage name Ray J , is an American singer , songwriter , record producer and actor .", "William Raymond Norwood , Jr. ( born January 17 , 1981 ) , better known by his stage name Ray J , is an American singer , record producer and actor ." ]
[ "The album 's lead single `` One Wish '' was a top 20 success in the US , UK , Ireland , and New Zealand .", "Boosted by the album 's lead single `` One Wish , '' a top 20 success in Ireland , New Zealand , the UK , the U.S. ." ]
[ "In 1997 , he was dropped from the label .", "In 1997 , he performed in a television special with his sister Brandy but was dropped from the label ." ]
[ "On the administrative level , the island of Dejima was part of the city of Nagasaki .", "The island of Dejima was part of the city of Nagasaki ." ]
[ "But after an uprising of the predominantly Christian population in the Shimabara-Amakusa region , the Tokugawa government decided to expel all Western nationals except the Dutch employees of the Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie , VOC ) .", "After a rebellion of the mostly Christian population in the Shimabara-Amakusa region , the Tokugawa government banned all Western nationals except the Dutch employees of the Dutch East India Company ( Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie , VOC ) ." ]
[ "Since 1609 , the Dutch had run a trading post on the island of Hirado .", "Since 1609 the Dutch had a trading post on the island of Hirado ." ]
[ "At first Portuguese traders were based in Hirado , but they moved in search of a better port .", "At first Portuguese traders were based in Hirado ." ]
[ "In 1922 , `` Dejima Dutch Trading Post '' was designated a Japanese national historic site .", "`` Dejima Dutch Trading Post '' is now a Japanese national historic site ." ]
[ "Dejima was built to constrain foreign traders as part of sakoku , the self-imposed isolationist policy .", "Dejima was built to keep foreign traders out of Japan as part of `` sakoku '' self-imposed isolationist policy ." ]
[ "Times were especially hard when the Netherlands ( then called the Batavian Republic ) was under French Napoleonic rule .", "Life on Dejima became especially difficult when the Netherlands ( then called the Batavian Republic ) was under French Napoleonic rule ." ]
[ "Trade declined in the 18th century , as only two ships per year were allowed to dock at Dejima .", "This was because only two ships per year were allowed to dock at Dejima ." ]
[ "Covering an area of 120 m x 75 m ( 9000 square meters , or 0.9 hectares ) , it later was integrated into the city .", "It covers an area of 120 m x 75 m ( 9000 square meters , or 0.9 hectares ) and has now become part of the city of Nagasaki ." ]
[ "In 1580 Sumitada gave the jurisdiction of Nagasaki to the Jesuits , and the Portuguese obtained the de facto monopoly on the silk trade with China through Macau .", "In 1580 Sumitada gave the jurisdiction of Nagasaki to the Jesuits ." ]
[ "The shogun Iemitsu ordered the construction of the artificial island in 1634 , to accommodate the Portuguese traders living in Nagasaki and prevent the propagation of their religion .", "Shogun Iemitsu ordered the creation of the artificial island in 1634 ." ]
[ "The 25 local Japanese families who owned the real estate received an annual rent from the Dutch .", "25 local Japanese families owned the land ." ]
[ "The Dutch were not allowed to hold any religious services on the island .", "Religious services were not allowed on the island ." ]
[ "Every ship that arrived in Dejima was inspected .", "Every ship that came to Dejima was inspected ." ]
[ "From 1641 on , only Chinese and Dutch ships were allowed to come to Japan , and Nagasaki harbor was the only harbor to which their entry was permitted .", "From 1641 on , only Chinese and Dutch ships were allowed to come to Japan ." ]
[ "This island , which was formed by digging a canal through a small peninsula , remained as the single place of direct trade and exchange between Japan and the outside world during the Edo period .", "It was the only place of direct contact and trade between Japan and the outside world during the Edo period ." ]
[ "The Dutch were watched by a number of Japanese officials , gatekeepers , night watchmen , and a supervisor ( otona ) with about fifty subordinates .", "The Dutch were watched by a number of Japanese officials , gatekeepers and night watchmen ." ]
[ "Six years later the Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier landed in Kagoshima .", "Six years later Jesuit missionary Francis Xavier came to the island of Kyushu at Kagoshima ." ]
[ "The chief Dutch official in Japan was called the Opperhoofd by the Dutch , or Kapitan ( from Portuguese capitão ) by the Japanese .", "The Japanese also called him Kapitan ( from Portuguese capitão ) ." ]
[ "All ties with the homeland were severed at Dejima , and for a while , it was the only place in the world where the Dutch flag was flown .", "For a time Dejima was the only place in the world where the Dutch flag was flown because they were not ruled by France ." ]
[ "After the bankruptcy of the East-India Company in 1795 , the Dutch government took over exchange with Japan .", "After that , the Dutch government took over the trade with Japan ." ]
[ "They confiscated religious books and weapons .", "Religious books and weapons were taken away ." ]
[ "It contained houses for about twenty Dutchmen , warehouses , and accommodation for Japanese officials .", "There were houses for about twenty Dutchmen and warehouses for goods ." ]
[ "Dejima had become a failed investment and without the annual trading with Portuguese ships from Macau , the economy of Nagasaki suffered greatly .", "Without the yearly Portuguese ships from Macau , the economy of Nagasaki suffered heavily ." ]
[ "Dejima was a small island , 120 by 75 meters , linked to the mainland by a small bridge , guarded on both sides , and with a gate on the Dutch side .", "The island was linked to the mainland by a small bridge with guards ." ]
[ "A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant , the other being the root .", "A stem is one of two main structural axes of a vascular plant ." ]
[ "The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes .", "The stem is normally divided into nodes and internodes , the nodes hold buds which grow into one or more leaves , flowers , cones or other stems etc. ." ]
[ "In most plants stems are located above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems .", "In most plants , stems are above the soil surface but some plants have underground stems called stolons or rhizomes ." ]
[ "Stems have four main functions which are : Stems are often specialized for storage , asexual reproduction , protection or photosynthesis , including the following : See also : Stele ( biology ) Stem usually consist of three tissues , dermal tissue , ground tissue and vascular tissue .", "Stems are often specialized for storage , asexual reproduction , protection or photosynthesis , including the following : The most important tissue inside the stem is the vascular tissue ." ]
[ "Kamakura was designated as a city on November 3 , 1939 .", "Kamakura was made a municipality on November 3 , 1939 ." ]
[ "is a city located in Kanagawa Prefecture , Japan , about 50 kilometres ( 31 miles ) south-south-west of Tokyo .", "It is about 50 kilometres ( 31 mi ) south of Tokyo ." ]
[ "Abhisit earned a bachelor 's degree in philosophy , politics and economics ( PPE ) , first class honors , and a master 's degree in economics from St John 's College , Oxford .", "Abhisit received at Bachelor 's Degree in Philosophy , Politics , and Economics ( PPE ) with first class honor and Master 's degree in Economics ." ]
[ "He was the son of King Oswald of Northumbria , who was killed at the Battle of Maserfield in 642 .", "He was the son of King Oswald of Northumbria , who was killed by Penda of Mercia at the Battle of Maserfield in 642 ." ]
[ "However , when the armies of Oswiu and Penda met on 15 November at the Battle of the Winwaed , Œthelwald withdrew his forces .", "But , when the armies of Oswiu and Penda met on 15 November at the Battle of the Winwaed , Athelwald withdrew to safety ." ]
[ "He subsequently allied himself with Oswiu 's enemy , Penda of Mercia , and assisted Penda during his invasion of Northumbria in 655 .", "At some point he allied himself with Oswiu 's enemy , Penda of Mercia ." ]
[ "Bobby Darin ( born Walden Robert Cassotto ; May 14 , 1936 - December 20 , 1973 ) was an American singer , songwriter , and actor of film and television .", "Walden Robert Cassotto ( May 14 , 1936 - December 20 , 1973 ) , better known as Bobby Darin , was an American pop singer , most famous during the 1950s ." ]
[ "Bobby Darin married Sandra Dee in 1960 .", "Darin was married to actress Sandra Dee from 1960 to 1967 ." ]
[ "Shakhriyar Mamedyarov was born April 12 , 1985 in Sumgayit , Azerbaijan .", "Shakhriyar Mamadyarov ( born 12 April 1985 in Sumgayit , Azerbaijan ) , is a chess grandmaster ." ]
[ "He is also known to have quarreled with his staff officer Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald .", "However , he quarreled with his staff officer Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald ." ]
[ "Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski or Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski ( 1 March 1899 - 8 March 1972 ) was a high profile Nazi official of the Third Reich and a member of the SS , in which he reached the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer ( General ) .", "Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski or Erich von dem Bach-Zelewski ( 1 March 1899 - 8 March 1972 ) , was a Nazi leader and a member of the SS , where he had the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer ." ]
[ "In June 1942 , after the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in Prague , Hitler wanted Bach-Zelewski to take Heydrich 's place as the leader of the Reich Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia .", "In June 1942 , after the assassination of Reinhard Heydrich in Prague , Adolf Hitler wanted von dem Bach-Zelewski to take Heydrich 's job as Reich Protector of Bohemia and Moravia ." ]
[ "Until 1943 , Bach-Zalewski remained the HSSPF in command of `` anti-partisan '' units on the central front , a special command created by Adolf Hitler .", "Until 1943 , von dem Bach-Zalewski was the HSSPF in command of `` anti-partisan '' units on the central front , a special command created by Adolf Hitler ." ]
[ "On 23 October 1925 , he legally changed his surname to von dem Bach-Zalewski .", "On October 23 , 1925 , he changed changed his last name to ` von dem Bach-Zalewski ` ." ]
[ "In November 1914 , Erich von Zalewski volunteered for the Prussian army , becoming one of the youngest recruits and serving until the end of World War I . He was wounded twice , and awarded the Iron Cross .", "In November 1914 Erich von Zalewski asked to join the Prussian army , and was one of the youngest soldiers and remained a soldier fighting for the army until the end of World War I . He was wounded twice , and was given the Cross of Honor ( Ehrenkreuz ) and then Iron Cross ." ]
[ "Units under his command killed approximately 200,000 civilians ( more than 65,000 in mass executions ) and an unknown number of POWs .", "Units under his command killed about 200,000 people including more than 65,000 executions , and an unknown number of POWs ." ]
[ "Zelewski was born in Lauenburg , Pomerania , German Empire ( now Lębork , Poland ) , on 1 March 1899 .", "He was born in Lauenburg , in Pomerania , in the old German Empire ( now called Lębork , Poland ) , on 1 March 1899 ." ]
[ "For his exploits in Warsaw , Bach-Zelewski was awarded the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross by the Nazi regime on 30 September 1944 .", "For what he did in Warsaw , the Nazi Government gave him the Knight 's Cross of the Iron Cross on September 30 , 1944 ." ]
[ "Bach-Zalewski was rapidly promoted and , by the end of 1933 , had reached the rank of Major General ( SS-Brigadeführer ) .", "He was quickly promoted and by the end of 1933 had reached the rank of SS-Brigadeführer ." ]
[ "He went on to have the Polish sounding `` Zelewski '' officially removed from his name in November 1941 .", "He removed `` Zelewski '' from his name in November 1941 because of its Polish sound ." ]
[ "A Nazi Party member of the Reichstag from 1932 to 1944 , Bach-Zalewski participated in the Night of the Long Knives in 1934 , taking the opportunity to have Buchwald murdered .", "He was a member of the Reichstag from 1932 to 1944 , he took part in the Night of the Long Knives in 1934 , and had Anton von Hohberg und Buchwald murdered ." ]
[ "Born Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski , he legally added `` von dem Bach '' to the family name late in 1933 .", "His name when he was born was Erich Julius Eberhard von Zelewski ." ]
[ "After more than two months of heavy fighting and the total destruction of Warsaw , Bach-Zelewski managed to take control of the city while committing the cruelest atrocities in the process .", "After more than two months of heavy fighting and the total destruction of Warsaw he then was able to control the city ." ]
[ "By 1937 , Bach-Zalewski had become the Higher SS and Police Leader , Höherer SS - und Polizeiführer ( HSSPF ) in Silesia and also served as the Commander of SS main district South East ( SS-Oberabschnitt Südost ) .", "By 1937 he had become the Höherer SS - und Polizeiführer ( HSSPF - Higher SS and Police Leader ) in Silesia ." ]
[ "Bach-Zalewski was the only HSSPF in the occupied Soviet territories to retain genuine authority over the police after Hans-Adolf Prützmann and Jeckeln lost theirs to the civil administration .", "Von dem Bach-Zalewski was the only HSSPF in the Soviet areas taken over by the Germans to have real authority over the police after Hans-Adolf Prützmann and Jockeln lost theirs to the civil government ." ]
[ "From 1934 he served as leader of SS main districts ( SS-Oberabschnitten ) initially in East Prussia and after 1936 in Silesia .", "He served in many Nazi party jobs , first in East Prussia and after 1936 in Silesia ." ]
[ "In July 1943 , Bach-Zelewski became commander of the so-called `` Bandenkämpfverbände '' ( `` Band-fighting Unit '' ) , responsible for the mass murder of 35,000 civilians in Riga and more than 200,000 in Belarus and eastern Poland .", "On 22 June 1941 , von dem Bach-Zelewski became HSSPF in the Heeresgruppe Mitte ( Army Group Center ) ; in July 1943 , he became commander of the `` Bandenkämpfverbände '' ( `` Band-fighting Units '' ) , that carried out the mass murder of 35,000 people in Riga and more than 200,000 in Belarus and eastern Poland ." ]
[ "On 2 August 1944 , Bach-Zelewski took command of all German troops fighting against the Warsaw Uprising .", "On 2 August 1944 , he took command of all soldiers fighting against the Warsaw Uprising as Korpsgruppe Bach ." ]
[ "The authorities designated him as the future HSSPF in Moscow ; however , the Wehrmacht failed to take the city .", "The government was going to make him the future HSSPF in Moscow ; however , the Wehrmacht did not get into the city ." ]
[ "Frogger is an arcade game introduced in 1981 .", "Frogger is an arcade video game made in 1981 by Konami ." ]
[ "The player guides a frog which starts at the bottom of the screen .", "The frog starts at the bottom of the screen ." ]
[ "To do this , each frog must avoid cars while crossing a busy road and navigate a river full of hazards .", "The frog must first cross a busy road ." ]
[ "Frogger is still popular and clones can be found on many Internet game sites .", "Frogger is very popular and there are many newer Frogger games ." ]
[ "The electric flux over a surface S is therefore given by the surface integral : where E is the electric field and dS is a differential area on the closed surface S with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction .", "Using full vector notation , the electric flux through a small area is given by The electric flux over a surface S is therefore given by the surface integral : where E is the electric field and dA is a differential area on the surface with an outward facing surface normal defining its direction ." ]
[ "Thus , the SI base units of electric flux are kg · m3 · s − 3 · A − 1 .", "So , the SI base units of electric flux are kg \\* m3 \\* s − 3 \\* A − 1 ." ]
[ "It is important to note that while the electric flux is not affected by charges that are not within the closed surface , the net electric field , E , in the Gauss ' Law equation , can be affected by charges that lie outside the closed surface .", "But the net electric field , E , in the Gauss ' Law equation , can be affected by charges that lie outside the closed surface ." ]
[ "While Gauss ' Law holds for all situations , it is only useful for `` by hand '' calculations when high degrees of symmetry exist in the electric field .", "Gauss ' Law is true in all situations , but people can only use it to calculate when high degrees of symmetry exist in the electric field ." ]
[ "For a closed Gaussian surface , electric flux is given by : where E is the electric field , S is any closed surface , Q is the total electric charge inside the surface S , ε0 is the electric constant ( a universal constant , also called the `` permittivity of free space '' ) ( ε0 ≈ 8.854 187 817 ... x 10 − 12 farads per meter ( F · m − 1 ) ) .", "For a closed Gaussian surface , electric flux is given by : where QS is the net charge enclosed by the surface ( including both free and bound charge ) , and ε0 is the electric constant ." ]
[ "It is part of the Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Pompano Beach Metropolitan Statistical Area , which was home to 5,564,635 people at the 2010 census .", "It is part of the Greater Miami Metropolitan Statistical Area , which was home to 5,564,635 people at this census ." ]
[ "Lauderhill , officially the City of Lauderhill , is a city in Broward County , Florida .", "Lauderhill is a town in south Florida ." ]
[ "The first known Swedish document reporting temperatures in this modern `` forward '' Celsius scale is the paper Hortus Upsaliensis dated 16 December 1745 that Linnaeus wrote to a student of his , Samuel Nauclér .", "The first known document reporting temperatures in this modern `` forward '' Celsius scale is the paper Hortus Upsaliensis dated 16 December 1745 that Linnaeus wrote to a student of his , Samuel Nauclér ." ]
[ "This pressure is known as one standard atmosphere .", "This pressure is known as one atmosphere ." ]
[ "His custom-made `` linnaeus-thermometer '' , for use in his greenhouses , was made by Daniel Ekström , Sweden 's leading maker of scientific instruments at the time and whose workshop was located in the basement of the Stockholm observatory .", "His custom-made `` linnaeus-thermometer , '' to use in his greenhouses , was made by Daniel Ekström , then Sweden 's leading maker of scientific instruments ." ]
[ "As often happened in this age before modern communications , numerous physicists , scientists , and instrument makers are credited with having independently developed this same scale ; among them were Pehr Elvius , the secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( which had an instrument workshop ) and with whom Linnaeus had been corresponding ; Daniel Ekström ( SV ) , the instrument maker ; and Mårten Strömer ( 1707-1770 ) who had studied astronomy under Anders Celsius .", "As often happened in this age before modern communications , many physicists , scientists , and instrument makers are given credit with independently making the same measurement scale ; among them were Pehr Elvius , the secretary of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences ( which had an instrument workshop ) , who Linnaeus had also talked to ; Christin of Lyons ; Daniel Ekström , the instrument maker ; and Mårten Strömer ( 1707-1770 ) who had studied astronomy under Anders Celsius ." ]
[ "He proposed that the zero point of his temperature scale , being the boiling point , would be calibrated at the mean barometric pressure at mean sea level .", "He decided that zero on his temperature scale ( water 's boiling point ) would be set at the standard barometric pressure at sea level ." ]
[ "Temperatures on the centigrade scale were often reported simply as degrees or , when greater specificity was desired , as degrees centigrade .", "Temperatures on the centigrade scale were often reported as `` degrees '' or `` degrees centigrade . ''" ]
[ "The symbol for temperature values on this scale is ° C. Because the term centigrade was also the Spanish and French language name for a unit of angular measurement ( 1\\/10 ,000 of a right angle ) and had a similar connotation in other languages , the term centesimal degree was used when very precise , unambiguous language was required by international standards bodies such as the BIPM .", "Because the name `` centigrade '' was also the Spanish and French language name for a unit of angular measurement ( one-hundredth of a right angle ) and had a similar meaning in other languages , the term `` centesimal degree '' was used when very precise , clear language was required for international communication , such as by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures ( BIPM ) ." ]
[ "In his paper Observations of two persistent degrees on a thermometer , he recounted his experiments showing that the melting point of ice is essentially unaffected by pressure .", "He showed that the melting point of ice was basically unaffected by air pressure ." ]
[ "It is named after the Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) , who developed a similar temperature scale .", "This unit was created by Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) , a Swedish astronomer ." ]
[ "In 1744 , coincident with the death of Anders Celsius , the Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus ( 1707-1778 ) reversed Celsius 's scale .", "In 1744 , the year Anders Celsius died , the famous Swedish botanist Carolus Linnaeus ( 1707-1778 ) used a reversed version of Celsius 's scale when he bought his first thermometer ." ]
[ "In 1742 , Swedish astronomer Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) created a temperature scale which was the reverse of the scale now known by the name `` Celsius '' : 0 represented the boiling point of water , while 100 represented the freezing point of water .", "In 1742 , Anders Celsius ( 1701-1744 ) made a `` reversed '' version of the modern Celsius temperature scale ." ]
[ "In it , Linnaeus recounted the temperatures inside the orangery at the Botanical Garden of Uppsala University : Since the 19th century , the scientific and thermometry communities worldwide referred to this scale as the centigrade scale .", "In it , Linnaeus reported the temperatures inside the orangery at the Botanical Garden of Uppsala University : '' ... since the caldarium ( the hot part of the greenhouse ) by the angle of the windows , merely from the rays of the sun , obtains such heat that the thermometer often reaches 30 degrees , although the keen gardener usually takes care not to let it rise to more than 20 to 25 degrees , and in winter not under 15 degrees ... '' For the next 204 years , the scientific and thermometry communities worldwide called this scale the `` centigrade scale . ''" ]
[ "Celsius , also known as centigrade , is a scale and unit of measurement for temperature .", "Celsius ( more precisely , a degree Celsius ) , sometimes called centigrade , is a unit of measurement used in many countries to measure temperature ." ]
[ "Eventually , the lyrics written by Hafeez Jullundhri were approved and the new national anthem was broadcast publicly for the first time on Radio Pakistan on 13 August 1954 , sung by Hafeez Jullundhri himself .", "The national anthem of Pakistan was written some time later by the Urdu poet Abu-Al-Asar Hafeez Jullundhri ." ]
[ "Sinhala has its own writing system , the Sinhala alphabet , which is a member of the Brahmic family of scripts , and a descendant of the ancient Indian Brahmi script .", "Sinhala has its own writing system ( see Sinhala script ) which is an offspring of the Indian Brahmi script ." ]
[ "It belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages .", "It belongs to the Indo-Aryan language family ." ]
[ "Sinhala is also spoken , as a second language by other ethnic groups in Sri Lanka , totalling about 3 million .", "Sinhala is spoken by about 19 million people in Sri Lanka , about 16 million of them are native speakers ." ]
[ "The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives and Minicoy Island ( India ) , Dhivehi .", "The closest relative of Sinhala is the language of the Maldives , Dhivehi ." ]
[ "Sinhala is one of the official and national languages of Sri Lanka .", "It is one of the constitutionally-recognised official languages of Sri Lanka , along with Tamil ." ]
[ "The Virginia opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , commonly known as the North American opossum , is the only marsupial found in North America north of Mexico .", "The Virginia Opossum ( Didelphis virginiana ) , sometimes called a possum , is a marsupial ." ]
[ "The Virginia opossum is the original animal named `` opossum '' .", "There are many marsupials in Australia , but the Virginia Opossum is the only North American marsupial ." ]
[ "The Julian Day Number ( JDN ) is the integer assigned to a whole solar day in the Julian day count starting from noon Greenwich Mean Time , with Julian day number 0 assigned to the day starting at noon on January 1 , 4713 BC , proleptic Julian calendar ( November 24 , 4714 BC , in the proleptic Gregorian calendar ) .", "The Julian day or Julian day number ( JDN ) is the number of days that have passed since the initial epoch defined as noon Universal Time ( UT ) Monday , January 1 , 4713 BC in the Julian calendar ." ]
[ "The Julian Date ( JD ) of any instant is the Julian day number for the preceding noon plus the fraction of the day since that instant .", "The Julian date ( JD ) is a continuous count of days and fractions elapsed since the same initial epoch ." ]
[ "Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene .", "Its name comes from the Greek words μείων ( meiōn , `` less '' ) and καινός ( kainos , `` new '' ) and means `` less recent '' , because it has 18 % fewer modern sea invertebrates than the Pliocene ." ]
[ "Approximately 100 species of apes lived during this time .", "About 100 species of ape lived at that time , and cetaceans were very common in the seas ." ]
[ "The Miocene boundaries are not marked by a single distinct global event but consist rather of regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene .", "They are set at regional boundaries between the warmer Oligocene and the cooler Pliocene epochs ." ]