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Moravagine cover
Special offer:
Offer summary:
(20% off)
Publication date:
August 31, 2004
NYRB Classics
International Literature
This new edition of Cendrars’s underground classic is the first in English to include the author’s afterword, “How I Wrote Moravagine.”
Rip-roaring fiction and imaginative adventuring on all planes of experience.
Times Literary Supplement
Moravagine seeks damnation and extinction with a glee unequaled in literature. The only parallels that come to mind are Céline and Beckett.
— Sven Birkerts, New Boston Review
An unbridled picaresque fantasy…full of tenderness, horror, and ink-black jokes of a visual intensity that recall Goya.
Financial Times
Savage, funny, wildly inventive.
— John Lehmann, Sunday Telegraph
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Online Exclusive
Cops & Superstitions
Editor's Note: Normally, articles from Pam go in the section for psychological services because they focus on mental or emotional health issues. This one, however, due to its high value for officers on the street, has been placed in Patrol / Officer Survival. Read carefully. Pay attention.
- - - - -
Cops generally don't come across as a particularly superstitious bunch. They are usually perceived as tough, dedicated, no nonsense, get ’er done kind of group. However, the police culture does indeed include plenty of superstitions. The chances that you are superstitious are pretty good, over 50% of the population is.
13 of the Most Common Cop Superstitions
1. Friday the 13th is a day notoriously linked with ill-fortune, bad calls, and bad karma
2. Dead bodies always happen in 3's or 6's.
3. Same goes for suicide attempts.
4. Never say the word "Quiet" (normally referred to as the "Q" word) in any squad room in the United States. Ditto for saying, "It's slow" or "I'm bored".
5. Never leave the house without kissing your significant others on the way to work…
6. Also, pet the dog(s) or cat(s)
7. Never make definite plans for immediately after shift.
8. The full moon brings out the aluminum foil brigade.
9. Always bring your lucky gear; a special pair of handcuffs, feathers, special pens, etc
10. Dress in exactly the same order each day.
11. Dry firing your gun a specific number of times before going to work: pull, rack pull, rack pull, etc
12. Sitting in the same chair every day in the patrol briefing room.
13. Don’t ever piss off the dispatchers. Well, that's not a superstition, it's just common sense.
More than 1/2 of all Americans admit to being at least a little superstitious, according to a recent Gallup poll. Additionally, most people occasionally participate in superstitious thinking or behavior often without even realizing they’re doing it. When was the last time you knocked on wood? Walked within the lines? Avoided a black cat or a ladder? Read your daily horoscope? These are all examples of superstitions. . What is the psychology behind our magical thinking? Do superstitions hurt us? Do they help us?
Essentially superstitions are a way we try to extract meaning, and to give us a sense of control over the uncontrollable; our destinies and the future. Simply put, a superstition is an irrational belief that events can be influenced or foretold by specific, unrelated behaviors or occurrences. If A happens (“I have my St. Michael’s prayer card in my breast pocket), then B will happen (I won’t be shot). However, all the rules of science and logic, as well as plain old simple common sense, tell you that A and B have nothing whatsoever to do with each other.
It does not matter how confident or prepared you are for an event (a shift, a game, a performance, etc); things can still happen beyond your control. Superstitions allow people to believe that they have done everything they can to try ensure the outcome they are looking for. It decreases feelings of helplessness.
Thirteen of the Most Common Superstitions in the USA
1. Do not walk under a ladder or you will invite bad luck.
2. Hiccups are unlucky because when you have them you are believed to be owned by the devil.
3. Breaking a mirror will bring you 7 years of bad luck. (If you think seven years is bad for breaking a mirror, try breaking a condom)
4. It's bad luck to have a black cat cross your path.
5. If you see a shooting star it will bring you good luck.
6. Carrying a rabbit's foot in your pocket will bring good luck.
7. If you step on a crack you will break your mother's back.
8. Spill salt. If you accidentally spill salt, immediately throw a pinch over your right shoulder to ward of the bad luck.
9. Bad luck comes in threes
10. The numbers13 and 666 are unlucky; reversely the #13 is viewed as very lucky by others
11. Knocking on wood twice reverses bad luck
12. Cross your fingers
13. Never open an umbrella in the house. Umbrellas should be opened outside to avoid bad luck.
Superstitions are something we often learn in childhood. If your Mom or Dad was superstitious there is a good chance that you are, and that you have their same superstitions. The older you get, the less superstitious you get as well. In general, women are more superstitious than men (when was the last time you saw an astrology column in a men's magazine?). Intelligence does not seem to be a factor in contributing to superstitiousness.
Most superstitions are harmless and even may be helpful in encouraging people to achieve their goals. However, others may have serious consequences. Superstitious beliefs about luck may lead to problem gambling or other risky behavior. And magical beliefs in alternative medical practices over traditional treatment can lead to grave illness or even death. Additionally, this type of magical thinking can also hinder your performance. Your world will not end, if say, you lose your lucky object. Research has not been able to find any definitive connection between superstitions and mental illness.
The greatest benefit of superstitious thinking or behavior (like carrying your lucky cuffs) is gaining and maintaining a sense of security and confidence. Now if you rely on your superstitions over your training and instincts you are really going to find yourself in a pickle. Obviously, unless the really bad guy’s bullet hits your lucky rabbit’s foot which deflects it, you better have another plan. Otherwise, enjoy your healthy superstitions. Halloween is traditionally the most superstitious time of the year. The good news is we only have one more Friday the 13th this year (December) and one next year (June). The bad news is that June 13, 2014 is also a full moon.
6 Superstitions That Could Really Help an Officer (yes….these are real)
1. Guard your dead body: do not let a cat jump over a corpse; else the corpse would rise from the dead.
2. Watch where you walk during prowler calls: if you pop an inflatable toy you will have bad luck for the remainder of your life.
3. Remember your body stances and squat: do not bend down and look between your legs (you will see a ghost).
4. Break down those doors: never enter a house through the window else bad luck will come to that house (and it is on your beat).
5. Just in case: keep a dry frog in a bag and wear it with you all time, it will keep epilepsy away from you.
6. Stand back after calling for the medics: seeing an ambulance brings bad luck, unless you pinch your nose right away or hold your breath until you see a brown or a black dog (not applicable to canine handlers).
Dear Readers: I want you all to know that this will be my last article because I am going to die at midnight tonight as a result of not forwarding chain mail. Pam
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Back to the previous page
Artist: Big Daddy Kane
Album: It's a Big Daddy Thing
Song: It's a Big Daddy Thing
Typed by: OHHLA Webmaster DJ Flash
Ahh yeah
We gon' pump this up one time
Pump it up now (it's a Big Daddy thing)
As we send this out to New York City
Can't forget the posse down in Philly
Also in Detroit (it's a Big Daddy thing)
Chicago, Atlanta GA
Sendin this out to Miami (it's a Big Daddy thing)
Tampa, can't forget Virginia and North Carolina
L.A. and Oakland (it's a Big Daddy thing)
And the rest of the world as we go a little somethin like this
(it's a Big Daddy thing)
Let it rain let it rain to be put it pain
with nothin to gain under the wrath of Kane
Cause you can't maintain, I drained every brain
to leave a stain plain to remain in my lane
or path or road, until the next one be sewed
Just like a bomb in Vietnam, so hit the alarm
or be funky like a underarm
And allow, me to show how, the microphone should flow
Now, competition bow, to me like a Buddha
The teacher, the tutor
They come a dime a dozen but the Kane look cuter
And I ain't about that slouchin or crabbin
so save it -- cause that's one thing I ain't havin
Because the purpose I serve is to please ya
Rhymes will ease ya, like Milk of Magnesia
So bust a pimp without a limp
And I crush any wimp that would try to attempt to umm
get loose I put a boost and used to chill
the comp to Kane, I picked Beetlejuice
"Big Daddy thing" (2X)
I'm just that ruthless, to leave ya toothless
Cause you're useless, makin up excuses excuses
So never touch tap tangle or tamper
A fearless fly foe'll get slapped with a Pamper
Cause I can dig in your face like root canal
But I'ma chill, won't even dispute you now
Actin wild just ain't my style
Cause only the live will be movin the crowd but see
quiet as kept, not like a starter you
but I can roast an MC like a barbecue
In the Dead Zone, you shouldn't have left home
Steppin to the man, now get the head flown
I bring the terror, horror, there's no tomorrow
Child you shouldn't even bother
to press up, and get broken like a Lee nail
So let me school ya plus scoop your female
Just like a jiggalo but I'm much bigger though
I'm like a hitman, pullin the trigger slow
and smooth to the groove with lyrics that sooth
and improve with every move, that's why you've
been enhanced by the mentally divine
So play football, and let's go the nine
Shorts I take none, cause I ain't the one
In eighty-nine there's damage bein done
And for you to diss me, will be very risky
Cause I make this be, as strong as whiskey
To break and make my foes dispose in force
So y'all can see how me the Kane will just reign
superior, cause I ain't even hearin ya
Save the yang, cause it's a Big Daddy thang
And this one here goes out to my man Mad Money Murph
Can't forget Big Sha, Big Therm
And also I got to say whassup to my man Horace
Got Nice and Smooth in the place to be
Mack Daddy Nick, know what I'm sayin?
Can't forget my man Ant Live
And of course the one and only Prince Paul, peace!
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Bear Call Spread (Credit Call Spread)
A bear call spread is a type of vertical spread. It contains two calls with the same expiration but different strikes. The strike price of the short call is below the strike of the long call, which means this strategy will always generate a net cash inflow (net credit) at the outset.
The short call's main purpose is to generate income, whereas the long call simply helps limit the upside risk.
The profitability of the strategy depends on how much of the initial premium revenue is retained before the strategy is closed out or expires. As the strategy's name suggests, it does best if the stock stays below the lower strike price for the duration of the options.
Still, an unexpected rally should not provoke a crisis: though the maximum gain of this strategy is very limited, so are potential losses.
It is interesting to compare this strategy to the bear put spread. The profit/loss payoff profiles are exactly the same, once adjusted for the net cost to carry.
bear call spread
Net Position (at expiration)
Short 1 XYZ 60 call
Net premium received
High strike - low strike - net premium received
A bear call spread is a limited-risk, limited-reward strategy, consisting of one short call option and one long call option. This strategy generally profits if the stock price holds steady or declines.
The most it can generate is the net premium received at the outset. If the forecast is wrong and the stock rallies instead, the losses grow only until the long call caps the amount.
The chance to earn income with limited risk, and/or profit from a decline in the underlying stock's price.
A vertical call spread can be a bullish or bearish strategy, depending on how the strike prices are selected for the long and short positions. See bull call spread for the bullish counterpart.
Max Loss
The maximum loss is limited. The worst that can happen at expiration is for the stock price to be above the higher strike. In that case, the investor will be assigned on the short call, now deep-in-the-money, and will exercise the long call. The simultaneous exercise and assignment will mean selling the stock at the lower strike and buying the stock at the higher strike. The maximum loss is the difference between the two strikes, but it is reduced by the net credit received at the outset.
Max Gain
The maximum gain is limited. The best that can happen at expiration is for the stock to be below both strike prices. In that case, both the short and long call options expire worthless, and the investor pockets the credit received when putting on the position.
Both the potential profit and loss for this strategy are very limited and very well-defined. The initial net credit is the most the investor can hope to make with the strategy. Profits at expiration start to erode if the stock is above the lower strike price, and losses reach their maximum if the stock hits the higher strike price. Above the higher strike price, profits from exercising the long call completely offset further losses on the short call.
The way in which the investor selects the two strike prices determines the maximum income potential and maximum risk. By selecting a lower short call strike and/or a higher long call strike, the investor can increase the initial net premium income. However, it may be interesting to experiment with the Position Simulator to see how such decisions would affect the likelihood of short call assignment and the level of protection in the event of a big rally.
This strategy breaks even at expiration if the stock price is above the lower strike by the amount of the initial credit received. In that case the long call would expire worthless, and the short call's intrinsic value would equal the net credit.
Breakeven = short call strike + net credit received
Slight, all other things being equal. Since the strategy involves being short one call and long another with the same expiration, the effects of volatility shifts on the two contracts may offset each other to a large degree.
Time Decay
The passage of time helps the position, though not quite as much as it does a plain short call position. Since the strategy involves being short one call and long another with the same expiration, the effects of time decay on the two contracts may offset each other to a large degree.
Regardless of the theoretical impact of time erosion on the two contracts, it makes sense to think the passage of time would be a positive. This strategy generates net up-front premium income, which represents the most the investor can make on the strategy. If there are to be any claims against it, they must be occur by expiration. As expiration nears, so does the date after which the investor is free of those obligations.
Assignment Risk
Yes. Early assignment, while possible at any time, generally occurs when the stock goes ex-dividend. Be warned, however, that using the long call to cover the short call assignment will require establishing a short stock position for one business day, due to the delay in receiving assignment notification.
Expiration Risk
Yes. The investor cannot know for sure whether or not they were assigned on the short call until the Monday after expiration. That creates risk. The problem is most acute if the stock is trading just below, at or just above the short call strike.
Say the short call ends up slightly in-the-money, and the investor buys the stock in the market in anticipation of being assigned. If assignment fails to occur, the investor won't discover the unintended net long stock position until the following Monday and is subject to an adverse move in the stock over the weekend.
There is risk in guessing wrong in the other direction, too. This time, assume the investor bets against being assigned. Come Monday, if assignment occurred after all, the investor is unexpectedly short the stock, and its value may have risen over the weekend.
Two ways to prepare: close the spread out early, or be prepared for either outcome on Monday. Either way, it's important to monitor the stock, especially over the last day of trading.
Related Position
Comparable Position: Bear Put Spread
Opposite Position: Bull Call Spread
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Re: IO function metric.
From: Mladen Gogala <>
Date: Tue, 23 Dec 2008 14:00:09 +0000 (UTC)
Message-ID: <giqqt9$fn6$>
On Tue, 23 Dec 2008 13:22:01 +0000, Mladen Gogala wrote:
Here is a typical "in your face" reply by HJR on the OTN:
Re: Lgwr & dbf Files....
Posted: Jul 8, 2008 2:10 AM in response to: Aman.... in response to: Aman....
You are a multi-billion dollar corporation with a successful RDBMS product that is the market-leading software in its class.
Your requirements are to keep on releasing new versions of your product to keep the market satisfied in its search for innovation and novelty. You are also required not to break your product when doing this, because otherwise you will annoy all your customers and start losing market share. You still remember what happened when you released version 6 of your product too early and in a functionally-challenged form! You do NOT want to repeat that mess, no siree!
You have a piece of code dating from the dark ages that enables every background process to check for the existence of files at instance startup. It's pretty archaic in that it means processes which don't have anything to do with datafiles still end up checking for their existence at startup.
Do you (a) remove this archaic code as part of a code cleanup or (b) leave it there, given that having a process check for the existence of files at startup doesn't take much time and doesn't do any harm, even if it doesn't actually server a good purpose these days?
My guess is that (b) will be the option you take every time. Removing code like this, buried in a whole heap of startup bootstapping complexity is something that is (1) fundamentally unnecessary (it's doing no harm, after all!); (2) is fraught with the risk of breaking things. And (3) is a distraction when you're trying to concentrate on a whole lot of new, sexy stuff... bootstrap code that's worked since version 5 without fundamental alteration is not where your interests lie or where you're likely to find much motivation.
Thanks Howard wherever you are!
Mladen Gogala
Received on Tue Dec 23 2008 - 08:00:09 CST
Original text of this message
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O'Reilly Tags
Linux on the Nokia 770 Internet Tablet (6 tags)
Nokia's 770 Internet Tablet is more than a phone, according to John Littler. It's a Debian GNU/Linux system. This makes it a prime target for hackers. Littler explores some of the built-in utilities and some of the other tricks you can use.
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Image from Steve Bowers
Heavy industrialized system in MPA space - One of the largest Deep Well industrialized Zones that ever existed in the terragen sphere
Construction began in 6736 a.t when the relativistic linelayer Matthew Fountaine Maury arrived with a nanogauge wormhole to the New Magnetogorsk hub. On board the Maury carried the equipment needed to convert the gas giant Himmelsschmiede VII into exotic matter and expand the wormhole to 25 meters.
System before it was converted into heavy industry center
* HS red super giant of 46 sun masses of 8 million km diameter
* HS I mercurian planet at 44 million km from the central star
* HS II mercurian planet at 71 Million km
* HS III-VII gas giants of 77,133,412,86 and 57 earth masses with lots of metallic moons
* HS VIII pluto type planet
* An asteroid belt at 560-580 Million km from center, lot of heavy elements between HS V and VI
* A comet cloud of 63 earth masses outside the planet's orbits
Next some nanotech and matter conversion systems were brought in. The nanomachines separated a comet that closely approached the star into its elements. The Hydrogen and Helium content were used to power conversion furnaces that converted everything of iron and higher atomic mass into magmatter. The elements in between were ejected through thrusters that changed the comet's orbit. At the same time 2250 solar cell arrays of 1,000km by 1,000 km with godtech antimatter producers were built from the crust of HS I. The planetary core was used among others to build 14 coil guns powered by antimatter direct conversion systems. They were assembled in a closely spherical arrangement and each was loaded with a projectile made from 1 megaton of magmatter. When all 14 projectiles hit each other at the center of the array they collapsed into a black miniature hole.
To stabilize the new black hole, now serving as deep well, in spite of Hawking radiation the unused portions of HS I & II were added to it. At the same time engineers had started to disassemble the gas giants and now inserted their matter into the new black hole. All the structures until now had been made from asteroids, the inner planets and the countless moons of the gas giants. As the gas giants were being dismantled their heavy elements were extracted and processed into a miniature ovaloid dyson type shell of 1000 000 km diameter and 100 000 km height around the black hole. This shell served as the main energy source for the Himmelsschmiede system. Special godtech collectors that covered the entire inner surface of this shell collected both the Hawking radiation of the hole itself and the Bremsstrahlung emitted by the matter accelerated in the tremendous gravitational field. The collectors also converted some of the gravitational waves produced by mass whirled around in strong fields into usefull energy.
The largest pill ever designed also housed the magnetic systems controlling the accretion disk and guiding the useful heavy elements out. Deep Well enclosures are the only Dyson type structures that are not spheric, but ovaloid.
When the system operated at optimum efficiency about 18-21% of the infalling matter were converted into heavy elements and the rest entered the hole. The immense Hawking radiation provided the Himmelsschmiede antimatter factories with enough energy to create several megatons of amat every day. During its great centuries (7200-8100 a.t) about 5000 earth masses of stellar matter were processed every year, gaining 1000 earth masses of a programmable element distribution and 500 EM of amat. The new materials were processed primarily into components for megastructures (88% of total output) terraforming infrastructure and needed elements (4%) and ships/ISOs/beam riders.
Himmelsschmiede is connected to the rest of the MPA by two wormholes. The New Magnetogorsk nexus served an area that was being developed and thus readily absorbed everything the vecs and tweaks at the Deep Well churned out. During the development period of the New Siberian sector of the MPA between 6778 (on August 24th [equivalent Old Earth reckoning] the first load of Iridium and Titanium was produced) and about 8100 a.t. large numbers of Dyson swarm elements, Banks orbitals, weylforges, ringworlds were made from material made and processed at Himmelsschmiede. Most terraforming projects in New Siberia used equipment made from processed stellar matter. After that wormholes from there transported the components to new regions in need.
The other wormhole leads to Kepleria in the center of the MPA and was used primarily to bring energy in form of mat/amat packages into the busy centers of the Alliance and onto the main export lanes. Several beam rider routes touch the system which does not contain any unprocessed matter any more.
Most of the synthesized elements were brought to the outer areas of the stellar system and then processed into components ready to be assembled into everything from a dyson sphere to a beanstalk to an angelnet node. In such processing places, usually large free flying space stations bionts can survive while the intense gamma radiation makes any Deep well and its control elements almost exclusive territory of vecs, although some sun miners, especially from the SunSpot Diggers clade and space adapted neosquid or SANQs that are expecially hardened against the radiation work on these structures, as well. The largest processing centers, the Amboss stations first constructed at Himmelsschmiede but still running at full blast in more recent DWIZs, are huge disks with a diameter of about 100000 km and a thickness of 5000 meters. Each of them processes one earth mass of raw elements every day. That means that the station takes its own volume in once an hour, seperates the elements and isotopes, produces the needed alloys and compounds and shapes them into desired parts. These are then launched directly into the wormholes by magnetic launchers on the surface. Even though most systems are self-repairing and use non-sapient robots to perform maintainance work, still 4 million vecs as well as 7 million bionts (superbright humans and SANQs mostly and all more or less heavily cyborged) are required to keep things running. These stations are each controlled by a specialised AI, the Industriekapitaen series developed in 311 a.t. in what used to be Germany, and later ascended to SI: 2 in the NoCoZo. The entire system, deep well, stargates, beamrider stations, processing plants, ship traffic and everything else are controlled by the dedicated AI E who forges civilisation from the fires of the Sun, also called the Great Blacksmith. The ruling archailects of the MPA were so fond with its performance that E was cloned in a godtech storage system.
Himmelsschmiede Dyson sphere parts are manufactured to less than a mm deviation per million km of side length. Also Himmelsschmiede terraforming facilities like lunettas or atmosphere processing equipment are known on thousands of systems which were made usable by the components forged by the hellish forces of a black hole. After about 3500 years of continued operation all matter of the star had been dropped into the deep well and all processing operations were diassembled and what was still usefull was shipped to a new star. The last kiloton of Tantalum made on December 4th 10 285 a.t. was cast into a sculpture of the system while it was running at full blast and put up at New Magnetogorsk.
Today the Himmelsschmiede system is an empty place, just a huge black hole, some structures that are too cheap to transport them anywhere else and two large industrial-size wormholes. It has been used up and now is a barren place of no use for anyone, except as a traffic node from Kepleria to New Magnetogorsk. But its legacy lives on in thousands of megastructures and permanent terraforming systems that bear the crest of the Himmelsschmiede, a large black anvil set in front of a blazing white accretion disk with the letters HS engraved. The Himmelsschmiede project was special neither because of its size (the Metasoft DWIZ Vulcan's Forge used a star of 52 sun masses) nor because the black hole was custom made for the deep well (first done at Hellsgate, also MPA in 5333 a.t.) but because it was the first time a solar system was chosen to be used most efficiently in this way and then systematically deconstructed to serve one purpose. Since then all major ruling archailects seek out otherwise worthless stars to be converted this way, especially when a large wormhole in the system is useful in other ways as well. The experience made by the Great Blacksmith at Himmelsschmiede can be shared by everyone who is willing to pay 1% of the extraced usefull matter equivalent in amat. After the contract has been signed a new copy of the mighty A.I is brought online in a godtech processing node weighing roughly 1700 tons and measuring 5*5*10 meters (the standard size for an interstellar transport container). The sturdy computronium slab uses amat as source of energy and is included in the price.
Appears in Topics
Development Notes
Text by Martin Andreas Cieslik
Initially published on 16 December 2003.
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Permalink for comment 380714
Member since:
The most annoying thing about having a Jury Trial on this case is that Jurors selected for the case must not have prior knowledge of the case!
... what techie with any knowledge of non-windows OS's doesn't know about this case? So the jury would exclusively be filled with american citizens who, most likely, don't have a clue what Linux or Unix is, let alone what an OS is.
The story, as pointed out, can be summarized, but anything technical about it can not. Luckily - or unluckily as the case may be - this is not going to be a case about whether Linux has Unix code or not, but rather, whether or not SCO legally owns UNIX.
Still, I think the Jury might struggle with the concepts if they are, as a whole, relatively ignorant of the workings of computers. And that might make them unable to understand what Novell did and didn't sell to SCO. And that might make them find in SCO's favor.
It's all who's got the better Lawyer again. That said, how much money does SCO still have???
Reply Parent Score: 1
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/89350
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Permalink for comment 527161
Member since:
And the other Tom is certainly not much of an Excel user. He didn't mention that Excel and PowerPoint are no longer MDI applications!!! Hallelujah!!! You can now put two Excel windows side-by-side, and copy-paste cells between them!!! This is a feature that serious Excel users have been waiting 12 years for!!!
The big problem with Excel for ages is that it hasn't been MDI for a long time. Probably since Office 2000 or so, I don't really remember.
With the old MDI versions, you had one menubar + toolbar and multiple document windows inside the main window. You could put the documents side by side. MS ditched that long ago for an SDI interface, but did do it a awkwardly with Excel. I really wish they kept the MDI for Excel, that would have been much easier to use than what we've had.
Reply Parent Score: 2
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It’s Wedding Season! by’s Cassidy
For some summer time is a time of relaxation, rejuvenation, and resplendently sitting in the sun. For others, like myself, there are only two words to describe this these three hot and sticky months: WEDDING SEASON.
For most ladies, and especially curly girls, weddings bring with them excitement, but also the inevitable “what am I going to do with my hair!?”, with a level of urgency that rises in direct relation with how much one is involved in the celebration.
As a guest, you may be worried about making your hair nice and polished for your pretty cocktail dress. As a bridesmaid, you’re somewhere between making sure your hair looks picture perfect and a little bit special, but not SO special that it will stand up the bride. As a bride, this is GO TIME. The time to make sure your texture has never looked better, ever.
Last weekend I was a bridesmaid in a black tie wedding and had to devise a special updo for my curls in a 10-person bridal party that was made of primarily straight and slightly wavy hair. I did my research in advance and found a stylist who was used to working with my texture and we ended up selecting a style that knocked it out of the park!
As much as the updo took planning, once it was up, I actually became far more concerned about the take down. My hair was “shellacked” into place with hairspray and zipped up tight with about two packs of bobby pins. It looked great for the pictures, but I was nervous about the dryness caused by all the hair spray. In the end, my hair bounced back beautifully. Here are my tips for protecting your curls for a summer updo style!
1. Do Your Due Diligence: If you are in a wedding party or traveling to a wedding, talk to the stylist and the salon ahead of time about your unique texture and hair care needs. If they cannot accommodate your hair, it’s okay to ask to make different arrangements. Try the Ouidad Salon Locator for a recommendation!
2. Prep Your Curls: Updo’s can require a lot of manipulation, so make sure that your curls are well hydrated by deep conditioning one to two days before styling. Try the Ouidad 12-Minute Deep Treatment.
3. Stay Still: Trust me, you’ll regret having frizz and flyaways in pictures, so make sure to use a holding agent like a gel and/or a hairspray to fix your hair in its place. Try the Ouidad Clear Control Pomade or Styling Mist.
4. Condition Your Way Out: If your hair is hardened by the gel and hairspray, soften it with a moisturizing conditioner before washing it out. Try the Curl Quencher Moisturizing Conditioner.
5. Then Deep Treat Again: Once you have clarified with a shampoo, apply a Deep Conditioner to your curls.
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Tuesday, September 27, 2011
Classical music and the literature of the layman
'Images are the literature of the layman.'
Umberto Eco provides that coda to yesterday's path about the medium usurping the message. Connecting with the layman is the holy grail of the arts. Yet it is one of the paradoxes of digital culture that so much emphasis is placed on communications technology while so little is placed on the visual and verbal vocabularies that populate the technology networks. Umberto Eco's field is semiotics, so I offer two interpretations of the non-photo of Carl Nielsen.
The glass is half empty - as Umberto Eco tells us, the visual is the literature of the layman, which once again points to the path of seeing the music. Yet, as Philip Amos points out in a a thought provoking comment, that literature and the important cultural linkages which sustain it are being subverted in the name of accessibility. Yes, a lot of fuss about a photo of a radio presenter. But just one example of how media organisations are cynically abusing the arts in their frantic scramble for market share. To achieve ratings targets and performance related bonuses they are buying short term audience gains which are no more than the cultural equivalent of toxic mortgages. This debate is not about accessibility versus elitism, although the BBC wants us to think so. Rather, just like the News International scandal, it is about naked ambition and greed, which, contrary to received wisdom, is as virulent in public service broadcasting as it is in commercial.
The glass is half full - since writing my post BBC Radio 3 has a new composer of the week. And, as seen below, on their website is an image of Antonio Vivaldi, not Donald Macleod. Will somebody at Radio 3 now please read this post about Petroc Trelawny?
The Red Priest takes us down an Italian path. Umberto Eco was born in northern Italy and my header quote is from his novel The Name of the Rose. The Abbey in which the action takes place is modelled on the Castel el Monte in Perugia which featured in Music to the Power of Eight.
Photo of German gun emplacement at Sion Sur l'Ocean, France is (c) On An Overgrown Path 2011. Report broken links, missing images and errors to - overgrownpath at hotmail dot co dot uk Also on Facebook and Twitter.
No comments:
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Definition of trente et quarante in English:
trente et quarante
Line breaks: trente et qua|rante
Pronunciation: /ˌtrɒ̃t eɪ kaˈrɒ̃t
, tʀɑ̃t e kaʀɑ̃t/
[mass noun]
A gambling game in which cards are turned up on a table marked with red and black diamonds.
More example sentences
• There are also private rooms for European and English toulette, trente et quarante, chemin de fer, blackjack and craps.
• It is thought to have its roots in several games like baccarat, chemin de fer, trente et quarante, quinze, and other similar games.
• The main gambling hall is the Salle Européene, where for a EUR 8 entry fee you can play roulette, trente et quarante, or blackjack.
French, literally 'thirty and forty', these being winning and losing numbers respectively in the game.
Definition of trente et quarante in:
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Word of the day antebellum
Pronunciation: ˌantɪˈbɛləm
occurring or existing before a particular war…
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Douglas Island
Gastineau Channel
Juneau from Above
Mendenhall Glacier
Larger view
Alaska's Capital City
Alaska is hilly and mountainous country, but that has not stopped over 30,000 people from settling into the city of Juneau. Views from the Mt. Roberts Tramway, which lifts visitors almost 4,000 feet to a mountain summit, shows the steepness of the terrain and the small size of the city compared to the surrounding landscape.
Juneau sits on the Gastineau Channel across from Douglas Island, where actor and director Mel Gibson is reputed to have a summer home. Twelve miles out of town is the Mendenhall Glacier, a favorite destination for tourists.
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ACCESS CHEAT HERE: Facebook dragon city money hack 2012 gem food cheat How to hack dragon city with cheat engine 6.2 How to hack dragon city without surveys How to hack gems in dragon city How to hack gems in dragon city using cheat engine How to hack gems on dragon city on facebook with cheat engine The dragon breeding list for the legendary rank is well, pretty rare. You really have to rely heavily on your luck to get a shot at landing these dragons. Because the type of elements associated with these rare breeds are quite complex, we do not have the exact formula for these Dragon City breeds yet. Legendary Dragon — Cool Fire Dragon + Soccer Dragon Crystal Dragon — Coolfire + Soccer Mirror Dragon — Gummi Dragon + Cool Fire Dragon Wind Dragon — Gummi Dragon + Cool Fire Dragon Dragon City Opposing Element Breeding There are some breeds that include elements that are opposed to each other. This means that you cannot normally breed them directly. However, you can use hybrid dragons that contain the opposing elements to breed the hybrid dragons. Because hybrid is used in the breeding process, this means that you will not be able to get the dragon that you want 100% of the time, so just keep on trying until you breed the Dragon City dragons that you need! Dragon City List of All Dragon’s Weakness and Resistances
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on the front lines of cultural chaos since 1984.
kim_web.jpgFor the past 10 years, I've devoted a column each spring to celebrating "reasons to be cheerful." Inspired by the crazy 1979 song by Ian Dury and the Blockheads, the title of my spring series always draws blank stares from the kids in my office. No wonder: in 1979, most of them had yet to be born!
After a long dreary winter we all could use a shot of optimism, so this time around, I wrote my annual RTBC in a new lyric format, best read along with my rap video below. And make sure to check out Dury's original song, kids: I think you'll like it.
One, two, three...
Jeremy's Moschino,
Happy Meals to go.
Pizza pie delivery,
an Oscars cameo.
Woody's denying,
Marc Jacobs simplifying,
Whitney's moving downtown,
Biennial ruled hands down.
Putin hates Pussy Riot,
Rick Ross is on a diet.
John Waters decides
to hitch some crazy rides,
as Justin Bieber hides
and West Eighth Street revives.
JR's ballerina,
Mission Cantina,
Indochine's martini,
Carbone's fettucini,
Lena Dunham's green bikini.
Coachella, Cinderella,
singing a cappella.
Slurpy ramen's new,
Dior sneaker-shoe.
Lupita's Prada blue,
Pharrell's happy too.
Yay, Diamond Horseshoe,
Givenchy's Erykah Badu.
But first prize goes
to Raf Simons' clothes.
His Dior pink dress
makes me obsess.
While Karl hits his target
with Chanel's supermarket.
Vuitton's in the bag,
let's wave the French flag,
Nicolas' show made us gag.
So Ladyfag, put on your drag,
a new Celine bag,
and Paper mag.
No more gloom,
tulips bloom, Citi bikes zoom,
Highline and the Boom Boom Room.
Tweet a cheer, chug a beer,
get in gear, a selfie souvenir,
crash the blogosphere:
Portrait of Kim by Jacqueline di Milia. Music by Matthew Doers, video by Isabel Alcantara.
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How can I deal with my toddler's over-the-top grandparents?
My parents tease my toddler, sometimes don't know when to stop, calling her a "spoiled crybaby" or "she needs to learn" when they made her cry. They get mad at me for not teaching her to not throw tantrums. My in laws are the opposite. She cries or throws a fit and they baby or pamper her. They kinda of cater to whatever she wants. They get mad at me for asking to not let her do what she wants. As a mother I have mix emotions on both my parents and In-laws. I'm not sure what to do?
Submitted by thetinyprincess
Oh Mom! This is tough stuff - it's that fine line between how to be tactful, stand up for what you know your child needs and still keep the relatives happy. But - you've now crossed into the world of parenting and you are now the authority. Nobody knows your child's needs better than you. Your best bet is to sit down with index cards (my technique) and write out a few notes you want to say to both sets of parents. The message needs to be strong but also kind. In a nutshell you're saying: "I know you love her, but this is what we think is best for her. Then describe the technique or strategy that you hope they will use and then add WHY you think it's important. End with, "I hope you'll support us." Ideally, your husband is with you (especially helpful when he talks to his parents). Know that Grandparents have that special privilege of being able to spoil their grandkids with love, but when it comes to discipline and parenting you rule. Go MOM!
Answered by Parents Team
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CTBHHM: Praying Women and “Spiritual Masturbation”
Created To Be His Help Meet, pp. 180—182
So, Debi gets mail. Or rather, Michael does, but whatever, it made into Debi’s book.
Dear Mr. Pearl,
I am a busy mother whose children go to a Christian school. I am realizing that without another close female in my life who could share house duties, it is harder on me than it should be.
Do you by any chance have a husband? Because believe it or not, they can help out with things like housework and childcare. I know, right? It’s crazy!
I meet with two prayer groups each week and have them pray for me and my family by name. My biggest need is for help physically in caring for the housework and someone to sit in quiet worship with me. I need at least 4 hours per week of meditation time, self-actualization time.
This letter feels . . . fake. It reads like it’s written to prove a point.
It is 4 am now and I’m up writing my friends to ask for prayer and see if they know of any gals with five children of their own who might be as stressed as I am. I am frustrated because of my culture and my isolation from regular and close fellowship with wise women. I have a heart desire to change my current lifestyle and to live a rich, full, and meaningful life, and am motivated so because I want the best for God. I trust you will send me some good advice.
Love in Him,
Oh my lord. Debi is the last person I’d turn to for “some good advice.” Let’s have a look, shall we?
Dear Sister T.P.,
Your divine calling is to serve your family. True worship of God is not dependent upon other people or special circumstances, nor does it require a time of meditation. The Spirit of God is present when you wash the dishes or pick up the dirty clothes, and he is there while you prepare meals for your family in the evening. God never intended for you to have intimacy with another woman, whether in worship or otherwise. Stimulating your own inner feelings in the name of worship is selfish mockery, approaching idolatry. Your seeking of “self-actualization” in the name of spirituality is a mixture of foolish psychology and emotional insecurity.
I’ve heard the bit about worshipping God through service to others and through work performed well, but I don’t think it’s usually used as a way to deny any need for dedicated time of Bible reading and prayer. My mother used to get up early and read the Bible and pray for an hour before we children got up, and she taught us to follow her example, each having individual “quiet time” with God at the beginning of each day.
As for the bit about intimacy with other women, well, we’ll get to that a bit more as we continue in this passage. And turning to the other topic here, I generally use the term “self care” rather than “self-actualization,” but either way, it shouldn’t be surprising that Debi thinks so little of it. Debi’s entire book is about forgetting yourself to give to others. What this ignores, among other things, is that you can’t give of yourself if you’ve lost yourself in the process.
You are part of a trend sweeping through church women’s circles—a pursuit of intimacy and deep feelings apart from your husband. This inner-self-stimulation is what my husband calls “spiritual masturbation.” it has nothing to do with the God of the Bible. It is spirituality more akin to Eastern mystic meditation.
Debi really has very little understanding of the history of Christianity. Things like meditation and mystical spiritual intimacy are very much a part of the Christian tradition. Also, what is this about it being wrong to seek spiritual intimacy apart from one’s husband? Is that like, cheating on your husband with God? Interestingly, the middle ages are full of female mystics who eschewed earthly marriage and claimed that they were married only to Jesus. This passage brought this to my mind. And “spiritual masturbation”? Really? I’m trying to grasp the full implications of the analogy, but I’m failing. I’m sure it will come to me tomorrow.
When your spirituality competes with your service to others (especially your husband and family), it is just that—”your spirituality.” Jesus said to Peter, “Do you love me” . . . then “feed my sheep.”
Wait. Wait. Debi is extremely selective in her Bible reading, isn’t she? Because I feel like she’s forgetting something. You know, maybe, like this:
When your spirituality competes with your service to others (especially your family), Jesus says . . . pick your spirituality. Maybe it’s just me, but this really seems to contradict Debi flat out and completely. And also, this is a very common store. Directly contradicting such a common Bible story seems . . . risky. I mean, I can’t be the only one to notice it, can I?
God does not call women to be mountain top gurus or to seek one out for their personal benefit. He commands them to be “keepers at home,” to “obey their husbands,” to “render due benevolence (give him good sex),” and “reverence” him. Remember that the sin of Eve was to seek deeper knowledge and to be like the gods. Independent of her husband, she sought to go deeper. Her ambition was personal spiritual fulfillment, which is the most selfish drive that can possess a person and the easiest to justify, humanly speaking. It is the foundation of all sin and rebellion.
I’ll grant that there are varied interpretations of the temptation and the fall, but this definitely isn’t the one I grew up with. I’m also rather horrified by the suggestion that spiritual fulfillment is the most selfish desire that can possess a person. I think you have to understand that Debi is speaking to women here. She’s telling women that rather than seeking to grow close to God, they should focus instead on manually serving their husband and children. This is a means of control. I think you have to understand that in the evangelical world, God often functions as people’s method of decision making and source of the working out of individual beliefs. What Debi is doing here is separating women from their ability to make their own decisions and work out their own beliefs.
Learn to read the Scriptures just a few minutes here and there throughout the day, and meditate on what you read as you work. Sing to the Lord. Don’t let the “lonely women’s club” mentality sweep you away from your role as a wife and mother. Your time at church and prayer meeting is sufficient enough time with other women. Focus your life on your home, husband, and children.
Don’t pray too much. Don’t read the Bible too much. Focus on serving your family by making sandwiches and sweeping the floor, and don’t let God get in the way of that.
There is a very grave danger in becoming emotionally dependent on other women. Too many times I have seen this lead to something abnormal and sick. Your husband and God should be the ones to whom you turn for emotional support and intimacy. Women who seek higher spirituality end up feeling and acting spiritually superior to their husbands and others in the church, and it is a death knell to a healthy marriage relationship. Spend that “desired” spiritual time with your husband, where real growth and maturity with God will be found.
This is an attempt to separate women from a female support system and make them instead fully dependent on their husbands, to whom they are to submit absolutely. Women talking to other women—you see, that can put ideas in women’s heads, ideas other than those their husbands put there.
Seek to serve your family by tying your little one’s shoe strings, reading a book to your toddler, telling a simple Bible story to the whole gang, and making sweet love with your husband. These are the things God counts as important in knowing and loving him.
Having sex with your husband, Debi says, is a more important part of knowing and loving God than is reading the Bible or spending time in prayer. Yup. That totally makes sense. As in, not.
Honestly, in reading this passage I am just so struck by the extent to which Debi separates women from everything else in their lives—from God, from other women, from themselves—to focus them entirely on their husbands. How anyone doesn’t see this as idolatry or priming the situation for an abuse of power I do not know. I do have to wonder—is it selfish for men to seek to be close to God too? Or is it only selfish for women to seek such? Because I feel like there’s a serious double standard going on here. Men get to seek God. Women get to work.
About Libby Anne
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Welcome to Maryville College. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) Origin The IPA was first published in 1888 by the Association Phonétique Internationale (International Phonetic Association), a group of French language teachers founded by Paul Passy.
International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)
The aim of the organisation was to devise a system for transcribing the sounds of speech which was independent of any particular language and applicable to all languages. A phonetic script for English created in 1847 by Isaac Pitman and Henry Ellis was used as a model for the IPA. Geoffrey Chaucer (1342-1400) "The Canterbury Tales" (in middle e. A Concise Dictionary of Middle English by A. L. Mayhew and Walte. The Geoffrey Chaucer Website Homepage. This site provides materials for Harvard University's Chaucer classes in the Core Program, the English Department, and the Division of Continuing Education.
The Geoffrey Chaucer Website Homepage
(Others of course are welcome to use it.) It provides a wide range of glossed Middle English texts and translations of analogues relevant to Chaucer's works, as well as selections from relevant works by earlier and later writers, critical articles from a variety of perspectives, graphics, and general information on life in the Middle Ages. At the moment the site concentrates on the Canterbury Tales, but the longer-term goal is to create a more general Chaucer page. Please send any comments or suggestions about the site to < URL: Last Modified: Oct 3, 2006 Permission is granted to use this material for non-commercial purposes.
The Middle English Compendium. "Born Eunuchs" Home Page and Library. The willingness to engage in homosexual activity (particularly intergenerationally) was widespread among men in the ancient Mediterranean region.
"Born Eunuchs" Home Page and Library
Women and boys were considered equally tempting sex objects for ordinary men. Therefore, homosexual activity could not have provided a means of distinguishing a minority of men as "gay" the way we do in the modern world. However, the ancients did differentiate based on an unwillingness or incapacity for heterosexual sex. Certain men were known to fundamentally lack arousal for sex with women, and men of this kind were distinguished from the majority of ordinary men on that basis.
Gay History and Literature. Zotero | Home.
Org and Planning
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The Mermaid Chair
An Excerpt From
The Mermaid Chair
Twenty years of this puffing. I’d heard it when he wasn’t even asleep, when he sat in his leather wing chair after dinner, reading through the column of psychiatric journals rising from the floor, and it would seem like the cadence against which my entire life was set.
The phone rang again, and I lay there, waiting for Hugh to pick up, certain it was one of his patients, probably the paranoid schizophrenic who’d phoned last night convinced the CIA had him cornered in a federal building in downtown Atlanta.
A third ring, and Hugh fumbled for the receiver. “Yes, hello,” he said, and his voice came out coarse, a hangover from sleep.
There had been a fire on his boat, a fuel-tank explosion, they’d said. Pieces of the boat had washed up weeks later, including a portion of the stern with Jes-Sea printed on it. He’d named the boat for me, not for my brother, Mike, or even for my mother, whom he’d adored, but for me, Jessie.
I closed my eyes and saw oily flames and roaring orange light. An article in the Charleston newspaper had referred to the explosion as suspicious, and there had been some kind of investigation, though nothing had ever come of it—things Mike and I’d discovered only because we’d sneaked the clipping from Mother’s dresser drawer, a strange, secret place filled with fractured rosaries, discarded saint medals, holy cards, and a small statue of Jesus missing his left arm. She had not imagined we would venture into all that broken-down holiness.
I went into that terrible sanctum almost every day for over a year and read the article obsessively, that one particular line: “Police speculate that a spark from his pipe may have ignited a leak in the fuel line.”
I’d given him the pipe for Father’s Day. Up until then he had never even smoked.
I still could not think of him apart from the word “suspicious,” apart from this day, how he’d become ash the very day people everywhere—me, Mike, and my mother—got our foreheads smudged with it at church. Yet another irony in a whole black ensemble of them.
“Yes, of course I remember you,” I heard Hugh say into the phone, yanking me back to the call, the bleary morning. He said, “Yes, we’re all fine here. And how are things there?”
This didn’t sound like a patient. And it wasn’t our daughter, Dee, I was sure of that. I could tell by the formality in his voice. I wondered if it was one of Hugh’s colleagues. Or a resident at the hospital. They called sometimes to consult about a case, though generally not at five in the morning.
I slipped out from the covers and moved with bare feet to the window across the room, wanting to see how likely it was that rain would flood the basement again and wash out the pilot light on the hot-water heater. I stared out at the cold, granular deluge, the bluish fog, the street already swollen with water, and I shivered, wishing the house were easier to warm.
I’d nearly driven Hugh crazy to buy this big, impractical house, and even though we’d been in it seven years now, I still refused to criticize it. I loved the sixteen-foot ceilings and stained-glass transoms. And the turret—God, I loved the turret. How many houses had one of those? You had to climb the spiral stairs inside it to get to my art studio, a transformed third-floor attic space with a sharply slanted ceiling and a skylight—so remote and enchanting that Dee had dubbed it the “Rapunzel tower.” She was always teasing me about it. “Hey, Mom, when are you gonna let your hair down?”
That was Dee being playful, being Dee, but we both knew what she meant—that I’d become too stuffy and self-protected. Too conventional. This past Christmas, while she was home, I’d posted a Gary Larson cartoon on the refrigerator with a magnet that proclaimed me world’s greatest mom. In it, two cows stood in their idyllic pasture. One announced to the other, “I don’t care what they say, I’m not content.” I’d meant it as a little joke, for Dee.
I remembered now how Hugh had laughed at it. Hugh, who read people as if they were human Rorschachs, yet he’d seen nothing suggestive in it. It was Dee who’d stood before it an inordinate amount of time, then given me a funny look. She hadn’t laughed at all.
To be honest, I had been restless. It had started back in the fall—this feeling of time passing, of being postponed, pent up, not wanting to go up to my studio. The sensation would rise suddenly like freight from the ocean floor—the unexpected discontent of cows in their pasture. The constant chewing of all that cud.
With winter the feeling had deepened. I would see a neighbor running along the sidewalk in front of the house, training, I imagined, for a climb up Kilimanjaro. Or a friend at my book club giving a blow-by-blow of her bungee jump from a bridge in Australia. Or—and this was the worst of all—a TV show about some intrepid woman traveling alone in the blueness of Greece, and I’d be overcome by the little river of sparks that seemed to run beneath all that, the blood/sap/wine, aliveness, whatever it was. It had made me feel bereft over the immensity of the world, the extraordinary things people did with their lives—though, really, I didn’t want to do any of those particular things. I didn’t know then what I wanted, but the ache for it was palpable.
I felt it that morning standing beside the window, the quick, furtive way it insinuated itself, and I had no idea what to say to myself about it. Hugh seemed to think my little collapse of spirit, or whatever it was I was having, was about Dee’s being away at college, the clichéd empty nest and all that.
Last fall, after we’d gotten her settled at Vanderbilt, Hugh and I’d rushed home so he could play in the Waverly Harris Cancer Classic, a tennis tournament he’d been worked up about all summer. He’d gone out in the Georgia heat for three months and practiced twice a week with a fancy Prince graphite racket. Then I’d ended up crying all the way home from Nashville. I kept picturing Dee standing in front of her dorm waving good-bye as we pulled away. She touched her eye, her chest, then pointed at us—a thing she’d done since she was a little girl. Eye. Heart. You. It did me in. When we got home, despite my protests, Hugh called his doubles partner, Scott, to take his place in the tournament, and stayed home and watched a movie with me. An Officer and a Gentleman. He pretended very hard to like it.
The deep sadness I felt in the car that day had lingered for a couple of weeks, but it had finally lifted. I did miss Dee —of course I did—but I couldn’t believe that was the real heart of the matter.
Lately Hugh had pushed me to see Dr. Ilg, one of the psychiatrists in his practice. I’d refused on the grounds that she had a parrot in her office.
I knew that would drive him crazy. This wasn’t the real reason, of course—I have nothing against people’s having parrots, except that they keep them in little cages. But I used it as a way of letting him know I wasn’t taking the suggestion seriously. It was one of the rare times I didn’t acquiesce to him.
"So she’s got a parrot, so what?” he’d said. “You’d like her.” Probably I would, but I couldn’t quite bring myself to go that far—all that paddling around in the alphabet soup of one’s childhood, scooping up letters, hoping to arrange them into enlightening sentences that would explain why things had turned out the way they had. It evoked a certain mutiny in me.
Not long ago—I don’t know what possessed me to do it—I’d told Hugh about these make-believe sessions with Dr. Ilg, even about the bird, and he’d smiled. “Maybe you should just see the bird,” he said. “Your Dr. Ilg sounds like an idiot.”
Now, across the room, Hugh was listening to the person on the phone, muttering, “Uh-huh, uh-huh.” His face had clamped down into what Dee called “the Big Frown,” that pinched expression of grave and intense listening in which you could almost see the various pistons in his brain—Freud, Jung, Adler, Horney, Winnicott—bobbing up and down.
Wind lapped over the roof, and I heard the house begin to sing—as it routinely did—with an operatic voice that was very Beverly “Shrill,” as we liked to say. There were also doors that refused to close, ancient toilets that would suddenly decline to flush (“The toilets have gone anal-retentive again!” Dee would shout), and I had to keep constant vigilance to prevent Hugh from exterminating the flying squirrels that lived in the fireplace in his study. If we ever got a divorce, he loved to joke, it would be about squirrels.
Hugh was hunched on his side of the bed, his elbows balanced on his knees and the top two knobs of his spine visible through his pajamas. He said, “You realize this is a serious situation, don’t you? She needs to see someone—I mean, an actual psychiatrist.”
I hadn’t missed going to church on Ash Wednesday since my father had died—not once. Not even when Dee was a baby and I had to take her with me, stuffing her into a thick papoose of blankets, armored with pacifiers and bottles of pumped breast milk. I wondered why I’d kept subjecting myself to it—year after year at the Scared Heart of Mary. The priest with his dreary incantation: “Remember you are dust, to dust you shall return.” The blotch of ash on my forehead.
Hugh was standing now. He said, “Do you want me to tell her?” He looked at me, and I felt the gathering of dread. I imagined a bright wave of water coming down the street, rounding the corner where old Mrs. Vandiver had erected a gazebo too close to her driveway; the wave, not mountainous like a tsunami but a shimmering hillside sweeping toward me, carrying off the ridiculous gazebo, mailboxes, doghouses, utility poles, azalea bushes. A clean, ruinous sweep.
“It’s for you,” Hugh said. I didn’t move at first, and he called my name. “Jessie. The call—it’s for you.”
He held the receiver out to me, sitting there with his thick hair sticking up on the back of his head like a child’s, looking grave and uneasy, and the window copious with water, a trillion pewter droplets coming down on the roof.
The Mermaid Chair
The Mermaid Chair
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Beefy Boxes and Bandwidth Generously Provided by pair Networks
XP is just a number
Transfer files (network)
by FireBird34 (Pilgrim)
on Feb 17, 2004 at 05:36 UTC ( #329517=perlquestion: print w/ replies, xml ) Need Help??
I have a small home network setup, and am trying to use Perl to help learn more about *both*. I currently am creating some tools to help me with this -- one of which allows me to transfer files via the network. I know I'm doing some of this the hard way, but that doesn't bother me heh. Anyway though, would there be any module out there that would help me with this (transfering files via network)? I've looked into Net::FTP, however I don't have an FTP server setup, nor do I want one. I've looked into doing this such as programs like GoToMyPC, however I have NO idea how they transfer files via network (can't seem to find out either). Any help?
Comment on Transfer files (network)
Re: Transfer files (network)
by kvale (Monsignor) on Feb 17, 2004 at 06:01 UTC
It seems to me that if you want to send a file from computer A to computer B, then B has to have some way of listening for a connection and receiving the file. This is what a server does, so you will need to implement some sort of server to do this.
FTP is the most common sort of file transfer protocol, so I would recommend using it. If you want to make setting up an FTP server more fun, try Net::FTPServer.
LoL! What doesn't CPAN have? I'll look into this! Thanks! (I have a simple listening 'server' on each computer for information, but nothing more than a simple socket using IO::Socket::INET heh)
There is no Net::FTPServer module for Windows. So if FireBird34 is running on a MS platform s/he will not be able to use it easily.
Have a look at creating a listening socket on the server and a client piece that connects to that socket.
Below is some code I found (here at PerlMonks I think) that sets up a socket and transfers a file from the client.
Re: Transfer files (network)
by zentara (Archbishop) on Feb 17, 2004 at 15:53 UTC
You should go to the Code Catacombs on perlmonks, and check out the Networking code section. I have one using Net::EasyTCP, which has passwords etc. But a nice simple one is by Anarion called netcat-w-blowfish
There is also alot of code in the Snippets section. The C version of netcat is usually used as a standard app for doing this. Search for netcat on google.
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Re: Identical Arrays
by Marshall (Prior)
on Aug 26, 2012 at 04:28 UTC ( #989785=note: print w/ replies, xml ) Need Help??
in reply to Identical Arrays
The Perl 5.10 "smart match" is a complex critter and what it does for complex data structures is hard to understand. But for simple array's, it works.
#/usr/bin/perl -w use strict; use v5.10.0; my @x = (1, 2, 3); my @y = (2, 3, 1); my @z = (1, 2, 4); print "x and y are equivalent" if sort (@x) ~~ sort (@y); # the sort order (numeric or alpha) doesn't matter # as long as it is consistent. __END__ x and y are equivalent
Oh, don't use either a or b for user Perl variables. In this case, it is ok, but $a and $b are special variables reserved for sort() and other uses. Unlike many other languages, $a is distinct from @a... the same name can be used for different variable types. However, "a" and "b" are so special that I cannot recommend that.
I see that I got a "down vote", well ok. Tell us what is wrong about this? I tend to stay away from this "smart match" thing, but it does work and is easy to understand for simple data structures - what it does for more complex structure IS hard to understand. The Perl sort algorithm works just fine for relatively small numbers of items.
Comment on Re: Identical Arrays
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Re^2: Identical Arrays
by Anonymous Monk on Aug 26, 2012 at 05:07 UTC
my @x = ('1ringy-dingy2ringy-dingy', 2, 3); my @y = (2, 3, 1);
Well, indeed!
I've never used smart match in production code because as this example confirms, it is not as "smart" as one might think! I stand corrected about this. I guess you have to very smart to use the "smart match". Obviously, I am not that smart.
It's a can of worms. :)
Here's what's happening:
First, when you perform @arrayA ~~ @arrayB the action you get is actually similar to ($arrayA[0] ~~ $arrayB[0]) && ($arrayA[1] ~~ $arrayB[1]) && .... So you're really getting a chain of scalar to scalar smart-matches.
Next we have to scan down the list to find something that fits the description of 'scalar ~~ scalar', while keeping in mind that the left-hand side looks like a string, and the right hand side looks like a number. Here's the obscure rule:
Any ~~ Num: numeric equality like: Any == Num
(~~ added for clarity)
So you're comparing something like this: '1ringy-dingy2ringy-dingy' ~~ 1. The right-hand side is a number. So a numeric comparison will be performed. And what happens when you use "1ringy-dingy2ringy-dingy" as a number? Well, if a string starts with a number, Perl will use that number and drop the rest when performing numeric operations. So '1ringy-dingy2ringy-dingy' ~~ 1 is the same as '1ringy-dingy2ringy-dingy' == 1, which is the same as 1 == 1.
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Archive for August, 2006
The fetishism of oil, and its secret
August 9th, 2006 | Published in Political Economy, Politics
Capitalism gives rise to a unique and wonderful kind of nonfiction writing: the tale of the commodity. These are the accounts of how a product comes to be, illuminating the human stories behind an object’s journey from raw materials to end consumer. The intent of the story is typically to shock the reader with the concealed suffering and drama that inhere in a previously context-less object. Commodity expose stories have a long history, and have produced some famous landmarks (Sinclair’s The Jungle, for example), but globalization, outsourcing, and the growth of massive global commodity chains have enriched the genre tremendously.
As a Marxist, I would somewhat unfelicitously call these “defetishizing” stories. The term comes from Marx’s famous comment on “the fetishism of commodities” in Capital:
Hence, when we bring the products of our labour into relation with each other as values, it is not because we see in these articles the material receptacles of homogeneous human labour. Quite the contrary: whenever, by an exchange, we equate as values our different products, by that very act, we also equate, as human labour, the different kinds of labour expended upon them. We are not aware of this, nevertheless we do it. Value, therefore, does not stalk about with a label describing what it is. It is value, rather, that converts every product into a social hieroglyphic. Later on, we try to decipher the hieroglyphic, to get behind the secret of our own social products; for to stamp an object of utility as a value, is just as much a social product as language. The recent scientific discovery, that the products of labour, so far as they are values, are but material expressions of the human labour spent in their production, marks, indeed, an epoch in the history of the development of the human race, but, by no means, dissipates the mist through which the social character of labour appears to us to be an objective character of the products themselves. The fact, that in the particular form of production with which we are dealing, viz., the production of commodities, the specific social character of private labour carried on independently, consists in the equality of every kind of that labour, by virtue of its being human labour, which character, therefore, assumes in the product the form of value – this fact appears to the producers, notwithstanding the discovery above referred to, to be just as real and final, as the fact, that, after the discovery by science of the component gases of air, the atmosphere itself remained unaltered.
The subjective effect of grasping the passage above is beautifully communicated by Wallace Shawn in The Fever:
People say about every thing that it has a certain value. This is worth that. This coat, this sweater, this cup of coffee: each thing worth some quantity of money, or some number of other things – one coat, worth three sweaters, or so much money – as if that coat, suddenly appearing on the earth, contained somewhere inside itself an amount of value, like an inner soul, as if the coat were a fetish, a physical object that contains a living spirit. But what really determines the value of a coat? What is it that determines the price of a coat? The coat’s price comes from its history, the history of all the people who were involved in making it and selling it and all the particular relationships they had. And if we buy the coat, we, too, form relationships with all of those people, and yet we hide those relationships from our own awareness by pretending we live in a world where coats have no history but just fall down from heaven with prices marked inside. “I like this coat,” we say, “it’s not expensive,” as if that were a fact about the coat and not the end of a story about all the people who made it and sold it, “I like the pictures in this magazine.”
All of this is by way of lead-in to a wonderful piece of defetishizing journalism that just appeared in the Chicago Tribune. The PDF is here, and this is the lead-in:
What is the true cost of quenching America’s mighty thirst for gasoline? To answer that question, Pulitzer Prize-winning Tribune correspondent Paul Salopek did what has never been done: He traced the gas pumped at a single station to the fuel’s shadowy sources around the globe. The story begins at a glistening Marathon outlet on Chicago’s exurban edge and ranges from the fishless waters off the coast of Nigeria to the politically restless fields of Venezuela and beyond. Salopek’s journey, a travelogue of America’s addiction to oil, reveals how U.S. consumers are bound to some of the most violent, desperate corners of the planet-and to a petroleum economy so fragile that it may not last.
Oil is a particularly compelling subject for such treatment. Not merely because of the industry’s global reach and sordid geopolitical entanglements, but because of oil’s unique character as a commodity. It is an abstraction in a dual sense. Like any commodity, it takes on an abstract value, its price, which conceals the human relationships that go into its production. But it also embodies another abstraction, energy–the abstracted representation of our ability to shape the physical world to our human needs, the power and potentiality that grows our food, erects our houses, drives our cars, and animates our laptops. To grasp the social relationships behind oil, then, is to touch on a system of relationships that permeates the entire world economy.
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Up-to-the Minute PHP News, views and community en-us Tue, 29 Jul 2014 07:49:25 -0500 30 <![CDATA[Jim Wynia's Blog: Tracking Accomplishments with PHP, Google Calendar and Zend Framework]]> As pointed out by his post on the blog, Jim Wynia has worked up some scripts for connecting his Google Calendar with his site that's powered by Zend Framework.
Tue, 24 Jul 2007 10:21:00 -0500
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/89495
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Up-to-the Minute PHP News, views and community en-us Tue, 29 Jul 2014 07:49:23 -0500 30 <![CDATA[Rob Allen's Blog: Zend Framework URL Rewriting in IIS6]]> Rob Allen has posted a look URL rewriting in IIS 6 (similar to mod_rewrite in Apache) without the URL_Rewrite module that comes with IIS7.
IIS6, which ships with Windows Server 2003 does not have this module though and guess which version my client's IT dept run? As usual, they wouldn't install ISAPI_Rewrite or one of the other solutions for me. In the past, I've simply written a new router that creates URLs with normal GET variables, but this is ugly and I wanted better. One thing IIS6 does let you do is configure a URL to be called upon a 404 error, which then allows you to have "pretty" URLs and be able to route them.
He walks you through the setup of the manager to create this 404 routing setup allowing a single script (an index.php) that uses an instance of the Zend_Controller_Request_Http component to grab the request and forward the page back out to the user's desired location.
Mon, 16 Nov 2009 11:47:33 -0600
<![CDATA[Aleksey Zapparov's Blog: How to handle unexistence controllers/actions with Zend_Controller]]> As mentioned by the Zend Developer Zone in this post, Aleksey Zapparov has posted a quick tutorial on how to deal with a missing action and controller in your Zend Framework application.
Wed, 18 Oct 2006 10:56:00 -0500
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FreqMeasure Library
FreqMeasure measures the elapsed time during each cycle of an input frequency. See FreqCount vs FreqMeasure below to choose the best library. FreqMeasure works well for RPM (rotations per minute) tachometer applications.
Download: (version 1.1)
FreqMeasure LCD_Output Example Running on Teensy++ 2.0
Hardware Requirements
FreqMeasure requires the input frequency as a digital level signal on a specific pin.
Input Pin
Pins Unusable
with analogWrite()
Teensy 3.134
Teensy 3.034
Teensy 2.0109
Teensy 1.01615, 17, 18
Teensy++ 2.01714, 15, 16
Teensy++ 1.01714, 15, 16
Arduino Uno89, 10
Arduino Leonardo135
Arduino Mega496, 7, 8
Sanguino1412, 13
If the input signal may have noise or could be a high frequency, adding a low pass filter is a good idea.
An amplifier may be needed if the input signal is a sine wave or small AC signal which can not directly drive a TTL logic level input.
Basic Usage
Begin frequency measurement.
Returns the number of measurements available to read, or 0 (false) if none are unread. If your program spends time on other tasks and a relatively fast waveform is being measured, several readings may be available.;
Read a measurement. An unsigned long (32 bits) containing the number of CPU clock cycles that elapsed during one cycle of the waveform. Each measurement begins immediately after the prior one without any delay, so several measurements may be averaged together for better resolution.
Convert the 32 bit unsigned long numbers from read() to actual frequency.
Stop frequency measurement. PWM (analogWrite) functionality may be used again.
Example Program
Open from the menu: File > Examples > FreqMeasure > Serial_Output
#include <FreqMeasure.h>
void setup() {
double sum=0;
int count=0;
void loop() {
if (FreqMeasure.available()) {
// average several reading together
sum = sum +;
count = count + 1;
if (count > 30) {
float frequency FreqMeasure.countToFrequency(sum / count);
sum = 0;
count = 0;
Serial_Output Example, With 120 Hz Signal
Zero Handling
Because FreqMeasure works on a per-cycle time frame, it is impossible to directly measure zero frequency. When displaying frequency, such as the LCD_Output example, if the input frequency stops, the most recent measurement will remain on the display.
To detect zero, a timeout must be implemented. On simple approach would be to record the millis() time when FreqMeasure.available() returns true. When it returns false, check if too much time as elapsed and update the output to show zero.
CPU Requirements
At the end of each cycle, an interrupt routine runs. The actual capture of elapsed time is done by hardware, so some interrupt latency is acceptable.
At relatively low frequencies, under 1 kHz, only minimal CPU time is used. However, as the frequency increases, the interrupt demands more CPU time. A hardware low-pass filter is recommended if the input frequency could possibly be much higher than several kHz.
If interrupts are disabled for more than 1 cycle of the waveform, the measurement can span 2 or more cycles. Libraries which disable interrupts for long times (eg, NewSoftSerial) can be problematic.
FreqCount vs FreqMeasure
FreqCount: best for 1 kHz to 8 MHz (up to 65 MHz with Teensy 3.0 & 3.1)
FreqMeasure: best for 0.1 Hz to 1 kHz
FreqCount measures the number of cycles that occur during a fixed "gate interval" time. This works well for relatively high frequencies, because many cycles are likely to be counted during gate interval. At lower frequencies, very few cycles are counted, giving limited resolution.
FreqMeasure measures the elapsed time during a single cycle. This works well for relatively low frequencies, because a substantial time elapses. At higher frequencies, the short time can only be measured at the processor's clock speed, which results in limited resolution.
Other Arduino Compatible Boards
FreqMeasure can be used on Arduino, Sanguino and probably other boards. See the file util/capture.h for details to port to other AVR-based boards.
Arduino Mega's pin 49 may be used by the SPI library, or SPI-based libraries like Ethernet or SD. You may need to edit FreqMeasure's util/capture.h to use ICP5 (pin 48) instead of ICP4.
Other Frequency Measurement
Martin Nawrath's FreqCounter and FreqPeriod are similar to FreqCount and FreqMeasure. I originally ported FreqCounter to Teensy, but could not get it to work reliably. It did work, but had trouble at certain frequencies, and requires a "compensation" factor for accurate results. Ultimately I wrote a FreqCount from scratch, using a thin hardware abstraction layer for easy porting to different boards, and accurate results without a compensation factor. I also used a more Arduino-like API (begin, available, read) and designed for continuously repeating measurements. I did not try to use FreqPeriod.
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Old 10-13-2012, 02:08 PM #2
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The oddyssea 4 bulb comes with two separate power sources for 2 lights each. Worst case scenario you run only two lights and get twice as long between bulb changes. I would run the four and see what happens. It's always trial and error in my tank. I run all 4 at once on my 56 gallon column tank. That's a little deeper than a standard 55 but I have no issues. I use flourish excel daily and dry ferts. I set my timer to split the photo period. It's lights on for 4 hours, off for 4, and then back on for 4 more. My tank grows like a weed being somewhat low tech. Hope that helped
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Research Article
Experimental Evolution of a Novel Sexually Antagonistic Allele
• Rebecca Dean equal contributor mail,
equal contributor Contributed equally to this work with: Rebecca Dean, Stuart Wigby (RD); (SW)
Affiliations: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
• Jennifer C. Perry,
Affiliation: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom
• Tommaso Pizzari,
• Judith E. Mank,
Affiliations: Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, Oxford, United Kingdom, Department of Genetics, Evolution, and Environment, University College London, London, United Kingdom
• Stuart Wigby equal contributor mail
• Published: August 30, 2012
• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002917
Evolutionary conflict permeates biological systems. In sexually reproducing organisms, sex-specific optima mean that the same allele can have sexually antagonistic expression, i.e. beneficial in one sex and detrimental in the other, a phenomenon known as intralocus sexual conflict. Intralocus sexual conflict is emerging as a potentially fundamental factor for the genetic architecture of fitness, with important consequences for evolutionary processes. However, no study to date has directly experimentally tested the evolutionary fate of a sexually antagonistic allele. Using genetic constructs to manipulate female fecundity and male mating success, we engineered a novel sexually antagonistic allele (SAA) in Drosophila melanogaster. The SAA is nearly twice as costly to females as it is beneficial to males, but the harmful effects to females are recessive and X-linked, and thus are rarely expressed when SAA occurs at low frequency. We experimentally show how the evolutionary dynamics of the novel SAA are qualitatively consistent with the predictions of population genetic models: SAA frequency decreases when common, but increases when rare, converging toward an equilibrium frequency of ~8%. Furthermore, we show that persistence of the SAA requires the mating advantage it provides to males: the SAA frequency declines towards extinction when the male advantage is experimentally abolished. Our results empirically demonstrate the dynamics underlying the evolutionary fate of a sexually antagonistic allele, validating a central assumption of intralocus sexual conflict theory: that variation in fitness-related traits within populations can be maintained via sex-linked sexually antagonistic loci.
Author Summary
Males and females are markedly different in many features, meaning that a trait that is beneficial for one sex may be detrimental for the other. Recent studies show that this type of sexual antagonism is abundant in natural populations; however, no study has tested the evolutionary fate of a sexually antagonistic allele. Using genetic manipulations to alter female fecundity and male mating success, we generated a novel sexually antagonistic allele in Drosophila melanogaster, allowing us to study whether such an allele can persist in populations. We show that the sexually antagonistic allele causes more harm to females than it provides benefits to males but—as predicted by theory—it is able to persist in the population. This is because the harmful effects to females are both recessive (it is only harmful when two copies of the allele are present) and linked to the X-chromosome, so females are rarely harmed when the allele is at low frequency. These results show how a sexually antagonistic allele can be maintained in populations and contribute to maintain variation in male and female reproductive success.
Understanding the mechanisms that promote variation in fitness-related traits within populations presents an enduring challenge in evolutionary biology [1], [2]: intralocus sexual conflict is predicted to be one such mechanism [3][6]. Intralocus conflict occurs when the same allele at a single locus provides net fitness benefits when expressed in one sex but net fitness costs when expressed in the other [7]. Although this conflict can potentially be resolved by the evolution of sexual dimorphism [8], a growing body of studies provide evidence that substantial sexually antagonistic variation occurs in both natural [9], [10] and laboratory-adapted populations [11][18]. To date, the main approaches used to identify the presence of intralocus sexual conflict have been the detection of negative genetic correlations for fitness between males and females [9][17] and experimental evolution using sex-limited selection [14], [19]. These studies have highlighted the extent to which sexually antagonistic selection affects fitness-related traits, and have identified candidate sexually antagonistic genes. However, no previous empirical studies have characterized the evolutionary dynamics of a specific sexually antagonistic allele.
We aimed to validate predictions made by intra-locus sexually antagonistic theory by experimentally engineering a novel sexually antagonistic X-linked allele. We empirically explored a fundamental principle of intralocus sexual conflict theory: that a recessive allele that benefits the heterogametic sex but harms the homogametic sex can invade a population, even when the cost exceeds the benefit, if the locus is located on the homogametic sex-chromosome [6]. This prediction arises because at low population frequency the costly effects of the allele for the homogametic sex are limited to homozygotes, which are rare, whereas the benefits are always expressed in the hemizygous sex. Consequently, such an allele could theoretically invade and reach an equilibrium frequency [6]. This makes the X-chromosome a potential hot spot for such sexually antagonistic genetic variation [20] and thus an ideal target for intralocus sexual conflict research.
We first used genetic manipulations to generate a putative sexually antagonistic allele on the X-chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster. We then tested: a) the magnitude of the cost to females (in terms of offspring production) and benefits to males (in terms of mating success), b) whether the allele could invade and persist in a population and how the invasion dynamics compared to predictions derived from theoretical models, and c) whether the evolutionary persistence of the allele was dependent upon the benefit provided to males.
Generation of a Novel Sexually Antagonistic Locus
To create a novel sexually antagonistic allele on the D. melanogaster X chromosome, we used two genetic constructs: 1) Df(1)Exel6234, a genetic deficiency which covers the sex-peptide receptor gene and 4 other genes of unknown function [21] and 2) w1118, a loss of function allele for the white gene which determines eye color [22]. Both Df(1)Exel6234 and w1118 are located on the X-chromosome. Homozygous Df(1)Exel6234 females fail to react to the male seminal protein, sex peptide [23], and show reduced levels of sex-peptide-induced post-mating responses. For example, Df(1)Exel6234 females lay significantly fewer eggs after mating than wild-type females [21]. Flies lacking white have white eyes, and white-eyed males suffer from impaired vision and reduced mating success compared to wild-type males (which have red eyes) in photophase (i.e., the light) [24], but not in the scotophase (i.e., the dark) [25]. In contrast, females lacking white suffer no obvious reduction in adult fitness (i.e., lifespan, fecundity or fertility) under standard laboratory conditions [26]. The Df(1)Exel6234 deficiency carries a white+ transgene [27], which provides a partial rescue of white mutations (i.e., red eyes and improved vision). Tight linkage between the Df(1)Exel6234 deficiency and the white+ transgene ensures that recombination between them is negligible. Thus, in a w1118 background, male hemizygote and female homozygote carriers of Df(1)Exel6234 possess red eyes, whilst heterozygote females possess orange eyes (Figure 1).
Figure 1. Summary of fly genotypes and phenotypes, and the predicted fitness consequence for males and females expressing the X-linked SAA (sexually antagonistic allele) relative to controls and heterozygotes.
We confirmed that red-eyed Df(1)Exel6234 bearing males have increased competitive mating success relative to w1118 white-eyed males in photophase, presumably due to improved vision. In direct, one-on-one, male-male competition, Df(1)Exel6234 bearing males were significantly more likely to achieve the first mating with a single virgin female in photophase (26/28 trials, binomial test, p<0.0001) but not in scotophase (winning 14/28 trials, binomial test, p = 0.57). We also tested whether the SAA has an effect on male post-copulatory competitive ability. Female D. melanogaster mate multiply [28] resulting in sperm competition [29], [30], and variation in sperm competitive ability can potentially have major impacts on male fitness [31], [32]. However, we found no significant differences in the sperm defense (P1) or sperm offense (P2) abilities of SAA and control males (P1 assay, Z = 1.145, P = 0.252; P2 assay, Z = 0.247, P = 0.805; Figure S1A and S1B).
As expected, homozygous Df(1)Exel6234 females suffer significant reproductive costs compared to heterozygote and control females (Figure 2a, Table S1). Thus, in a w1118 background population, Df(1)Exel6234 fits the conditions required for an X-linked sexually antagonistic allele: it benefits one sex but harms the other. Moreover, the costs of Df(1)Exel6234 to females are recessive: we detected no significant fecundity cost to heterozygote females (Figure 2a, Tables S1, S2). We hereafter refer to individuals carrying the deficiency Df(1)Exel6234 as the SAA (sexually antagonistic allele) flies and non-carriers as controls (Figure 1). All experimental flies carry w1118. We predicted that selection favouring the SAA males should drive the SAA allele to higher frequency in populations when it is rare, whilst selection against the SAA homozygote females should drive the SAA frequency down when it is common.
Figure 2. Reproductive success of male and female genotypes.
(a) Homozygote sexually antagonistic allele (SAA) females suffer reproductive success costs compared to control and heterozygote females (F2,168 = 55.4, p<0.0001). Furthermore, reproducing with control males rather than SAA-males exacerbates the relative cost to SAA-female reproductive success (male*female: F2,168 = 5.27, p = 0.07). (b) SAA-males have a photophase mating advantage over control males in P4-P4 (χ21 = 35.58, p<0.0001) (c) Estimates of relative fitness at the SAA equilibrium frequency (12.6%) for males and females of different genotypes. Relative fitness is calculated from the population genetic model for a 12:12 light:dark cycle. Note that the relative fitness of males is adjusted for scotophase, during which time the mating success of SAA and control males is equal. Therefore, the overall advantage to SAA males is lower than in photophase only (as shown in b) and the predicted fitness cost of SAA to homozygote females exceeds the predicted fitness benefit of SAA to males.
Experimental Evolution and Modeling of a Novel Sexually Antagonistic Locus
To test the evolutionary fate of the male-beneficial, female-detrimental SAA, we simultaneously set up four replicate experimental populations (P1–P4) containing a mixture of SAA and control individuals. We initiated the populations with a SAA frequency of 3% and tracked the frequency of SAA for 16 generations in P1–P4, and a further 7 generations in two of these populations that we randomly selected (P1 and P2). Populations were maintained on a 12:12 light dark cycle, and thus for 50% of the time (during the photophase), SAA males were predicted to possess a mating advantage (D. melanogaster mating activity occurs slightly more frequently in the dark [33], [34] when the mating advantage of SAA males is absent). We observed matings in P1–P4 during photophase over multiple generations, allowing us to estimate the relative mating fitness of SAA- versus control males in the population cage environment. We found that, as expected, SAA-males possessed a significant mating advantage in P1–P4 during photophase (Figure 2b).
Using these male mating frequency estimates (and assuming equal mating success between SAA and control males during scotophase), together with the expected mating rates during light vs dark phases [33], [34] and the genotype-specific frequencies of offspring produced from each type of cross (Table S1), we generated quantitative predictions for the spread and equilibrium of the SAA based on Rice's population genetic model [6]. Parameterizing the model with these data leads to the prediction that, over evolutionary time, the SAA should reach an equilibrium frequency at which the fitness cost to homozygote SAA females will exceed the fitness benefits to SAA-males (Figure 2c).
As predicted, average SAA frequency in P1–P4 significantly increased from the 3% starting frequency and appeared to reach a plateau at an equilibrium frequency. Initially, the frequency increased more rapidly than predicted by the model but thereafter stabilized around 8% (Figure 3a), which broadly agrees with the model predictions over the first 23 generations (Figure 3b). The model predicts an ultimate equilibrium of 12.6% (0.05–0.20 95% CI) after 700 generations, suggesting that over the 23 generations we measured, the SAA may not have reached its final equilibrium frequency.
Figure 3. Experimental evolution of the SAA.
(a) Mean SAA frequency changed significantly over the 16 experimental generations in a log-linear manner (ln linear term, χ21 = 94.1, p<0.0001, linear term, χ21 = 0.30, p = 0.58). SAA frequency increased significantly from the 1st to 2nd generation (χ21 = 6.07, p = 0.014), indicating that the SAA bearing males had high fitness relative to controls (SAA was present only in males in the 1st generation) and confirming that SAA frequency increases when rare. Segmented regressions showed that mean SAA frequency continued to increase until generation 6 (change from generation 1–6, χ21 = 6.71, p = 0.0096) reaching ~12%. SAA frequency then underwent a significant decline to ~8% at generation 10 (change from generation 6–10, χ21 = 5.14, p = 0.023) and thereafter did not change significantly in frequency (change from generation 10–16, χ21 = 0.013, p = 0.91). Populations P1 and P2 only were maintained for generations 17–23. (b) The model (red solid line) predicted a steady increase in SAA frequency until an equilibrium frequency of 12.6% after 700 generations (red dashed line). The range of values expected from the model is shown by the 95% confidence limits (light grey area). (c) SAA frequency declined over 4 generations for each of the P5–8 populations (χ21 = 10.89, p = 0.001). There was a significant interaction between the initial SAA frequency and generation, showing that the higher the initial SAA frequency, the further it declined (χ21 = 11.049, p = 0.0009).
To test the prediction that, due to the harmful effects on female fecundity, the SAA frequency should decline if the SAA is common, we set up a further 4 populations (P5–P8) with a range of higher initial SAA frequencies (31% to 85%) and measured SAA frequency over 3 subsequent generations. As expected, SAA frequency significantly declined in P5–P8. Moreover, the steepness of the decline was significantly greater in populations with higher initial frequencies (Figure 3c), confirming that SAA cannot be maintained at high frequencies, and suggesting that – regardless of the original frequency – SAA tends to converge towards a single stable equilibrium.
SAA Persistence Is Dependent upon the Male Mating Advantage
A central assumption of our hypothesis is that the SAA invades, and is maintained in the population, as a result of the mating advantage it provides males during photophase. Without this advantage, we expect a decline in the SAA and eventual extinction due to the costs imposed upon SAA females. To test this prediction we set up replicate populations of P1 and P2 at generation 16 (in which the SAA frequencies were 0.073 and 0.033, respectively) and maintained adults in these populations in permanent dark (P1 dark, P2 dark) conditions, under which SAA males should posses no mating advantage. To control for the disruption to circadian rhythm we set up replicate control populations maintained in permanent light (P1 light, P2 light). We measured SAA frequency over 6 subsequent generations in the dark and light populations. As expected, within each replicate SAA frequency significantly decreased in the dark population relative to the light population (Figure 4a and 4b) indicating that the SAA male mating advantage in photophase is essential for the maintenance of SAA. Surprisingly, SAA did not increase in light populations, suggesting that additional hours of light did not provide significant additional fitness benefits to SAA males over the standard 12:12 light:dark conditions. Male Drosophila require scotophases to initiate courtship efficiently [35], therefore courtship and mating in SAA males might have been negatively affected by permanent light. Additionally, there may be constraints on male courtship rates, mating rates or ejaculate production that set an upper limit to SAA male reproductive capacity. Nevertheless, the results provide support for the hypothesis that SAA persists in populations as a result of the mating advantage it provides males during photophase.
Figure 4. Changes in SAA frequency in the light and dark populations.
SAA frequency was affected by the manipulation of light/dark regimes (χ21 = 18.82, p<0.0001) across (a) P1 light and dark populations and (b) P2 light and dark populations. There was a significant interaction between light treatment and generation (χ21 = 4.54, p = 0.033) showing that SAA frequency significantly diverged between the continuous light and continuous dark populations. SAA frequency did not significantly change in light populations (χ21 = 2.97, p = 0.085) but significantly declined in dark populations (χ21 = 4.81, p = 0.028).
Experimental Support for Intralocus Sexual Conflict Theory
Our experimental data indicate that 1) SAA frequency declines when it is common, because there is a large negative impact on the fecundity of homozygous females 2) SAA persists in populations because of the mating benefit it provides males in photophase, and SAA frequency declines towards extinction if the mating advantage of SAA males is abolished and 3) SAA has a single equilibrium frequency that is of broadly similar magnitude to that predicted by models based on intra-locus sexual conflict theory. Quantitative discrepancies between the model and our empirical data – for example, the surprisingly rapid increase in SAA frequency in the P1–4 lines – may derive from a range of factors. For example, any potential subtle effects of the Df(1)Exel6234 deficiency that have not been characterized – on development time, ejaculate depletion rates or other traits that might impact male or female fitness – might contribute to differences between model predictions and our observed SAA frequencies. Nevertheless, our results provide robust qualitative support for sexually antagonistic evolution.
Previous empirical evidence for intralocus sexual conflict derives from studies that demonstrate negative intersexual correlations for fitness, sexually antagonistic selection on phenotypes, or changes in sexually dimorphic traits under sex-limited evolution (reviewed in reference [4]). Here we provide direct experimental support for the idea that that sexually antagonistic alleles can invade and persist in populations. Thus, our work provides a novel demonstration that – as predicted by theory – evolution can maintain fitness variation within populations via sex chromosome-linked sexually antagonistic alleles.
Materials and Methods
General Fly Methods
The control, white-eyed whiteDahomey, stock [36] was generated by repeatedly backcrossing w1118 into the Dahomey wild-type background (>7 generations). Df(1)Exel6234 [21] was backcrossed for 5 generations into whiteDahomey to generate SAA flies. Thus, all flies were in the same genetic background before experiments began. All stocks and experimental flies were maintained in plastic vials or bottles on sugar-yeast-molasses medium with ad libitum live yeast granules at 25°C on a 12:12 hr light dark cycle (except where specified). We used a standard density method to rear flies. First instar larvae were picked from petri dishes containing an agar-grape-juice laying medium and placed in batches of 150 into plastic bottles containing 50 mL of food.
Reproductive Success of SAA and Control Males and Females
We measured male mating success by introducing a single virgin wild-type female (N = 28) into a vial containing a virgin control male and a virgin SAA male of matched age. Experiments were conducted in light or in dark under red-light (D. melanogaster cannot see red light). We recorded which male mated first. To assay the post-copulatory competitive ability of SAA and control males, we conducted tests of sperm defense (P1, the paternity share of the first male to mate with a female) and sperm offense (P2, the paternity share of the second male to mate with a female). The competitor males and the females were homozygous for the sparklingpoliert (spapol) mutation [37]. spapol homozygotes posses a distinct eye phenotype which allows for easy visual determination of paternity. All flies were 3–5 days post-eclosion at the time of first mating. To assay P1, single virgin spapol females were first mated to either a SAA or control male, and then mated to a single spapol male 24 hours after this initial mating. Females were then allowed to oviposit individually in vials for 24 hours. Offspring from these vials were assayed for paternity (SAA, N vials = 23; control, N vials = 27). The P2 assay was identical except that the matings were reversed: the first mating was conducted with spapol males, and the second mating with either a SAA or control male (SAA, N = 21; control, N = 16). To measure offspring production of females we placed 5 3-day old virgin SAA, heterozygote or control females in vials with 5 virgin SAA or control males of the same age (i.e., 6 cross combinations). Flies were transferred to fresh vials every 2 or 3 days until day 10 when they were separated into pairs of 1 male and 1 female and transferred to fresh vials for 24 hrs. Eggs oviposited over the 24 hrs were counted. 14 days later the eclosed offspring were counted and scored for eye colour.
Experimental Evolution Populations
Flies for the 1st generation P1–P8 populations were virgins generated from crosses between heterozygote females and SAA and control males. P1–P4 initially contained 9 SAA and 81 control males, and 100 control females (i.e., 3% SAA bearing X-chromosomes, 97% control X-chromosomes). Initial numbers of SAA and control males, and SAA, heterozygote and control females were, respectively, P5) 44, 56, 4, 42, 54 (i.e., 31% SAA X-chromosomes); P6) 65, 35, 12, 56, 31 (i.e., 48% SAA); P7) 81, 19, 29, 57, 14 (i.e., 65% SAA); P8) 94, 6, 64, 33, 2 (i.e., 85% SAA). These proportions were calculated based on selection at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium using rudimentary fitness estimates (calculated when P5–P8 were set up) for each genotype (1 for SAA and 0.55 for control males, 0.388 for SAA females, 0.9 for heterozygote females, and 1 for control females).
Adult flies were placed in a 4.5 L plastic cage containing a food bottle, which was replaced every 2 or 3 days. After 8 days eggs were collected for propagation of the subsequent generation. 13 days later (i.e., typically 2–3 days after the majority of flies had eclosed, allowing ample time for development), offspring were counted and eye colour recorded to determine genotypes. The proportions of genotypes were calculated and the next generation of 100 males and 100 females was established for each population based on these proportions, rounded to the nearest integer. During photophase we made a total of 62 spot-check mating observations on P1–P4 – over generations 1, 3–7, 9, 11, 12 and 15 – to estimate the relative mating success of SAA and control males in the population cage environment.
Mathematical Modeling
We modeled the spread and maintenance of the SAA using a standard population genetic approach. We consider a population of SAA and control genotypes. At each generation the number of matings between males and females of each genotype combination was calculated based on the frequency of each male and female genotype in the population and the empirically-derived advantage for the SAA allele in males. This SAA male advantage was calculated by taking the mean mating success of males during light phases in the experimental environment (Figure 2b), and adjusting it for the hours of light in the light-cycle (e.g. 12:12) and the proportion of matings expected to occur in light vs dark (0.402:0.598, light:dark, calculated from references [33], [34]). The frequencies of each male and female genotype for the following generation were then calculated based on the mean number of surviving offspring of each genotype produced by each type of mating (i.e., male-female genotype combination) observed in our experiments (Table S1). We set the initial genotype frequencies at generation 1 to be the initial frequencies used in the experiment and determined the equilibrium SAA frequency after 1000 generations.
To generate confidence intervals around the predicted equilibria, we introduced the random selection of 300 offspring genotypes from all those generated to make up the next generation. This step mirrors the experimental procedure, in which 300 larvae were taken each generation from all those available. The total number of offspring generated (from which 300 were selected) varied with each generation and with the parameter values used, and was typically 2500–5400. Each run of this simulation model generated new frequencies of the SAA at each generation. We performed 100 runs of the model with each set of parameter values and then calculated at each generation the mean, standard deviation, and 95% confidence interval for SAA frequency.
Statistical Analysis
Data were analysed using R and JMP v9. SAA male mating advantage was calculated using chi square tests on the total number of observed SAA-male and control-male mating opportunities taken as a proportion of the total number of potential mating opportunities (i.e., a product of the frequency of SAA in each generation and the total number of mating observations each generation). P1 and P2 data for the sperm competitive ability assays could not be satisfactorily normalized and so were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed ranks tests. Analyses using parametric methods (i.e., t-tests on data that was Box-Cox transformed) produced qualitatively similar (i.e., non-significant) results. Female fitness costs of bearing the SAA were analyzed using a generalized linear model (GLM) with Poisson error distribution on the total number of offspring resulting from each of the six combinations of parental crosses. Father (2 level factor), mother (3 level factor) and their interaction were specified as fixed effects. SAA frequency data in P1–P8 and in the light/dark lines were analyzed with generalized linear mixed-effects (GLMM) models. To account for replicate lines and for repeated measures across generations, line within generation was specified as a random effect in all GLMM models. Generation and, where appropriate, ln generation, light manipulation or initial SAA frequency were specified as fixed effects. To analyze the change in SAA frequency in P1–4 in more detail we conducted a segmented regression. We partitioned the data based on the observation that the change in SAA frequency appeared to follows 3 distinct phases of increase, decrease, and plateau. Thus, we tested for changes in SAA frequency between generations 1–6, 6–10, and 10–16.
Supporting Information
Figure S1.
Proportion of offspring sired by SAA and control males following post-copulatory competition (a) Paternity share of the first male to mate with a female (b) Paternity share of the second male to mate with a female.
Table S1.
Number of offspring of each genotype produced when a single female (SAA, heterozygous or control), mated to either control or SAA males, was allowed to lay eggs over a 24 hr period.
Table S2.
Results from a generalized linear model with Poisson error distribution of the number of offspring produced when a single female (SAA, heterozygous or control), mated to either control or SAA males, was allowed to lay eggs over a 24 hr period.
We thank Urban Friberg for discussion, and Tristan Long and three anonymous reviewers for comments.
Author Contributions
Conceived and designed the experiments: RD JCP TP JEM SW. Performed the experiments: RD JCP SW. Analyzed the data: RD JCP JEM SW. Wrote the paper: RD JCP TP JEM SW.
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Former defense secretary: Slain Santa Cruz police paid for military slip
Panetta stated that military officials 'looked the other way' rather than punish a troubled soldier who became a killer
By Josh Richman
Mercury News
Experts say Panetta's unusually strong words — which implied that the military justice system might share some blame for the officers' deaths — highlight the ongoing push to change a military culture that has given rise to an epidemic of sexual assault.
Full StoryLeon Panetta: Military 'looked the other way' in case of Jeremy Goulet, and Santa Cruz officers paid the price
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JCC Students Pledge To Complete Degree
October 8, 2012
An education is more than just a degree to hang on the wall. This was one of the messages which was promoted during Completion Day at JCC....
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Meals On Wheels Holds Annual Reception For Volunteers
May 10, 2013
By Ryan Atkins ( , The Post-Journal
Forty-four years after its inception, Meals on Wheels of Jamestown is still going strong, thanks to the volunteers who make its work possible.
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The 4 Percent Project
I am in Dallas today and tomorrow, attending a conference on economic growth at the George W. Bush Presidential Center. The conference is titled The 4 Percent Project: Driving Economic Growth. It proposes a goal of 4 percent consistent annual GDP growth–an objective that has often been reached in the past, but is out of reach under current policies. The conference is small and by invitation. President Bush spoke early this afternoon and got a warm reception:
There was a panel discussion on what public policies contribute to economic growth, moderated by Richard Fisher, the CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas. The panelists were Allan Meltzer, a professor at the Carnegie Mellon school of business; Jeffrey Miron, an economist at Harvard; Susan Schwab, former United States Trade Representative, and Amity Shlaes, author and syndicated columnist. The discussion was intensely interesting. If I were to take away one lesson, it would be the economically destructive effect of excessive government spending, regardless of whether that spending is financed by taxes or debt (future taxes).
There was a question period at the end of the panel discussion. I was going to raise my hand, but when the first question came from a Nobel Prize-winning economist, I decided I’d better keep my mouth shut.
I then attended a breakout session on The Fed, Taxes and Spending that was moderated by Kim Strassel of the Wall Street Journal. The panelists were Kevin Hassett, formerly a senior economist at the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System and now with the American Enterprise Institute; Robert McTeer, a former CEO of the Federal Reserve Bank of Dallas who is now with the National Center for Policy Analysis; David Malpass, formerly chief economist at Bear Stearns and now president of Encima Global; and Paul Singer, the founder of Elliott Management, a hedge fund. The discussion was frankly brilliant. It ran the gamut from optimistic–Kevin Hassett pointed out that our government’s policies are now palpably bad on so many fronts that we have many opportunities for improved growth–to worrisome–Paul Singer argued that bank finances are as opaque as ever, and Dodd-Frank makes the financial system more brittle and less safe.
The day concluded with a rousing speech by Meg Whitman, who is still somewhat in campaign mode:
The program will continue tomorrow. The cause, identifying ways of achieving sustainable 4 percent growth, is a good one. None of our problems, from debt to defense, is ultimately soluble without more robust economic growth. The good news is that economists know quite a lot about what policies will foster growth, if we can only make politicians cut out the demagoguery and implement them.
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Susan Vass asks….
We learn that Occupy supporter, Harvard Law Professor and Senatorial candidate Elizabeth Warren claimed minority status based on her purported Native American ancestry. Funny, she doesn’t look Siouxish.
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The American Presidency Project
• Franklin Pierce
Special Message
December 26, 1855
To the Senate of the United States:
In compliance with a resolution of the Senate of the 17th instant, I send herewith the "memorial of citizens of New Orleans, complaining of the irregularity of the mail service between Washington and New Orleans." I deem it proper also to transmit with the memorial my note of the 18th instant to the memorialists and a copy of the letter of the Postmaster-General therein referred to.
Citation: Franklin Pierce: "Special Message", December 26, 1855. Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley, The American Presidency Project.
© 1999-2011 - Gerhard Peters - The American Presidency Project
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Chapter Four: The Reporting Cycle
Your goals for this “reporting cycle” chapter are to learn about:
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Preparing financial statements
Big Ben pictureThe previous chapter presented adjustments that might be needed at the end of each accounting period. These adjustments were necessary to bring a company's books and records current in anticipation of calculating and reporting income and financial position. This chapter begins by illustrating how such adjustments would be used to actually prepare financial statements.
Assume that England Tours Company began operation early in 20X3. In the process of preparing its financial statements for the year ending December 31, 20X3, England determined that various adjusting entries were needed. These adjusting journal entries are shown on the following page. The numbers are all "assumed." But, if it is unclear as to why any one of these entries might be needed, definitely review the detailed discussion in the previous chapter. The illustration shows:
• England's trial balance before the adjusting entries
• the adjusting journal entries
• the posting of the adjusting journal entries to the general ledger
• the adjusted trial balance.
the adjusting process
England Tours Trial Balance
England Tours Journal entries
England Tours Ledger entries
England Tours Ledger continued
England Tours Adjusted Trial Balance
financial statements
The adjusted trial balance is ordinarily sufficient to facilitate preparation of financial statements. Take time to trace the amounts from England's adjusted trial balance to the following statements.
England Tours Income
accounting software
worksheet approach
England Tours Worksheet to Prepare Financial Statements
The illustration shown assumed England Tours was formed early in 20X3. As such, there was no beginning retained earnings balance. One may wonder how the worksheet would be influenced by a beginning retained earnings balance. The following is an illustration of England's 20X4 worksheet, where the $1,600 ending retained earnings from 20X3 carries over to become the beginning balance for 20X4. The other numbers for 20X4 are all assumed.
20X4 Illustration With Beginning Retained Earnings Balance
England Tours Worksheet to Prepare Financial Statements
20X5 Illustration With Net Loss
England Tours Worksheet to Prepare Financial Statements
The Accounting Cycle and closing process
Reflecting on the accounting processes thus far described reveals the following typical steps:
• transactions are recorded in the journal
• journal entries are posted to appropriate ledger accounts
• a trial balance is constructed
• adjusting entries are prepared and posted
• an adjusted trial balance is prepared
• formal financial statements are produced (perhaps with the assistance of a worksheet)
It appears that the accounting cycle is completed by capturing transaction and event information and moving it through an orderly process that results in the production of useful financial statements. Importantly, one is left with substantial records that document each transaction (the journal) and each account's activity (the ledger). It is no wonder that the basic elements of this accounting methodology have endured for hundreds of years.
There remains one final process known as the closing process. Closing has two objectives:
Closing is a mechanism to update the Retained Earnings account in the ledger to equal the end-of-period balance. Keep in mind that the recording of revenues, expenses, and dividends do not automatically produce an updating debit or credit to Retained Earnings. As such, the beginning- of-period retained earnings amount remains in the ledger until the closing process "updates" the Retained Earnings account for the impact of the period's operations.
Revenues, expenses, and dividends represent amounts for a period of time; one must "zero out" these accounts at the end of each period (as a result, revenue, expense, and dividend accounts are called temporary or nominal accounts). In essence, by zeroing out these accounts, they are reset to begin the next accounting period. In contrast, asset, liability, and equity accounts are called real accounts, as their balances are carried forward from period to period. For example, one does not "start over" each period reaccumulating assets like cash and so on; their balances carry forward.
Closing involves a four-step process:
Four Step Closing Process
This process results in all revenues and expenses being "corralled" in Income Summary (the net of which represents the income or loss for the period). In turn, the income or loss is then swept to Retained Earnings along with the dividends. Recall that beginning retained earnings, plus income, less dividends, equals ending retained earnings; likewise, the closing process updates the beginning retained earnings to move forward to the end-of-period balance.
Following are the closing entries for England Tours for 20X3. Compare the accounts and amounts to those that appeared in the 20X3 adjusted trial balance:
England Tours General Journal Entries
The effect of the above entries is to update the Retained Earnings account and cause a zero balance to occur in the temporary accounts. The Income Summary account is also "zeroed" out ($32,800 (cr.) = $30,200 (dr.) + $2,600 (dr.)). The following T-accounts reveal the effects of the closing entries:
T-Account Illustration
The post-closing trial balance reveals the balance of accounts after the closing process, and consists of balance sheet accounts only. The post-closing trial balance is a tool to demonstrate that accounts are in balance; it is not a formal financial statement. All of the revenue, expense, and dividend accounts were zeroed away via closing, and do not appear in the post-closing trial balance.
England Tours Post Closing Trial Balance
Many accounting software programs are based on database logic. These powerful tools allow the user to query with few restrictions. As such, one could request financial results for most any period of time (e.g., the 45 days ending October 15, 20XX), even if it related to a period several years ago. In these cases, the notion of closing the accounts becomes far less relevant. Very simply, the computer can mine all transaction data and pull out the accounts and amounts that relate to virtually any requested interval of time.
Reversing Entries
Reversing entries are optional accounting procedures which may sometimes prove useful in simplifying record keeping. A reversing entry is a journal entry to "undo" an adjusting entry. Consider the following alternative sets of entries.
The first example does not utilize reversing entries. An adjusting entry was made to record $2,000 of accrued salaries at the end of 20X3. The next payday occurred on January 15, 20X4, when $5,000 was paid to employees. The entry on that date required a debit to Salaries Payable (for the $2,000 accrued at the end of 20X3) and Salaries Expense (for $3,000 earned by employees during 20X4).
The next example revisits the same facts using reversing entries. The adjusting entry in 20X3 to record $2,000 of accrued salaries is the same. However, the first journal entry of 20X4 simply reverses the adjusting entry. On the following payday, January 15, 20X5, the entire payment of $5,000 is recorded as expense.
Illustration Without Reversing Entries
Illustration without Reversing Entries
Illustration With Reversing Entries
Illustration Reversing Entries
The net impact with reversing entries still records the correct amount of salary expense for 20X4 ($2,000 credit and $5,000 debit, produces the correct $3,000 net debit to Salaries Expense). It may seem odd to credit an expense account on January 1, because, by itself, it makes no sense. The credit only makes sense when coupled with the subsequent debit on January 15. Notice from the following diagram that both approaches produce the same final results:
Illustration With and Without Reversing Entries
In practice, reversing entries will simplify the accounting process. For example, on the first payday following the reversing entry, a "normal" journal entry can be made to record the full amount of salaries paid as expense. This eliminates the need to give special consideration to the impact of any prior adjusting entry.
Reversing entries would ordinarily be appropriate for those adjusting entries that involve the recording of accrued revenues and expenses; specifically, those that involve future cash flows. Importantly, whether reversing entries are used or not, the same result is achieved!
Classified Balance Sheets
Video LectureThe balance sheet reveals the assets, liabilities, and equity of a company. In examining a balance sheet, always be mindful that all components listed in a balance sheet are not necessarily at fair value. Some assets are carried at historical cost, and other assets are not reported at all (such as the value of a company's brand name, patents, and other internally developed resources). Nevertheless, careful examination of the balance sheet is essential to analysis of a company's overall financial condition. To facilitate proper analysis, accountants will often divide the balance sheet into categories or classifications. The result is that important groups of accounts can be identified and subtotaled. Such balance sheets are called "classified balance sheets."
The asset side of the balance sheet may be divided into as many as five separate sections (when applicable): Current assets; Long-term investments; Property, plant and equipment; Intangible assets; and Other assets. The contents of each category are determined based upon the following general rules:
• Operating Cycle IllustrationCurrent Assets include cash and those assets that will be converted into cash or consumed in a relatively short period of time; specifically, those assets that will be converted into cash or consumed within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer. The operating cycle for a particular company is the period of time it takes to convert cash back into cash (i.e., purchase inventory, sell the inventory on account, and collect the receivable); this is usually less than one year. In listing assets within the current section, the most liquid assets should be listed first (i.e., cash, short-term investments, and receivables). These are followed with inventories and prepaid expenses.
• Long-term Investments include land purchased for speculation, funds set aside for a plant expansion program, funds redeemable from insurance policies (e.g., cash surrender value of life insurance), and investments in other entities.
• Property, Plant, and Equipment includes the land, buildings, and equipment productively in use by the company.
• Intangible Assets lack physical existence, and include items like purchased patents and copyrights, "goodwill" (the amount by which the fair value of a purchased business exceeds that entity's identifiable net assets), rights under a franchise agreement, and similar items.
• Other Assets is the section used to report asset accounts that just don't seem to fit elsewhere, such as a special long-term receivable.
Just as the asset side of the balance sheet may be divided, so too for the liability section. The liability section is customarily divided into:
• Current Liabilities are those obligations that will be liquidated within one year or the operating cycle, whichever is longer. Normally, current liabilities are paid with current assets.
• Long-term Liabilities relate to any obligation that is not current, and include bank loans, mortgage notes, certain deferred taxes, and the like. Importantly, some long-term notes may be classified partially as a current liability and partially as a long-term liability. The portion classified as current would be the principal amount to be repaid within the next year (or operating cycle, if longer). Any amounts due after that period of time would be shown as a long-term liability.
The appropriate financial statement presentation for equity depends on the nature of the business organization for which it is prepared. Businesses generally may be organized as sole proprietorships, partnerships, or corporations. The illustrations in this book generally assume that the business is incorporated. Therefore, the equity section consists of:
• Capital Stock includes the amounts received from investors for the stock of the company. The investors become the owners of the company, and that ownership interest is represented by shares that can be transferred to others (without further involvement by the company). In actuality, the legalese of stock issues can become quite involved, and one is apt to encounter expanded capital stock related accounts (such as preferred stock, common stock, paid-in-capital in excess of par, and so on). Those advanced issues are covered in subsequent chapters.
• Retained Earnings should be familiar, representing the accumulated income less the dividends. In essence, it is the profit that has been retained and plowed back (reinvested) into expansion of the business.
Classy Company Balance Sheet
There is nothing that requires that a business activity be conducted through a corporation. A sole proprietorship is an enterprise owned by one person. If the preceding classified balance sheet illustration was instead being prepared for a sole proprietorship, it would look the same except that the equity section would consist of a single owner's capital account (instead of capital stock and retained earnings). If several persons are involved in a business that is not incorporated, it is likely a partnership. Again, the balance sheet would be unchanged except for the equity section; the equity section would be divided into separate accounts for each partner (representing each partner's residual interest in the business). Recent years have seen a spate of legislation creating variants of these entity forms (limited liability companies/LLC, limited liability partnerships/LLP, etc.), but the overall balance sheet structure is relatively unaffected. The terminology used to describe entity forms and equity capital structure also varies considerably around the world, but there is very little substantive difference in the underlying characteristics or the general appearance and content of the balance sheet.
Financial statements, by themselves, may not tell the whole story. Many important details about a company cannot be described in money on the balance sheet. Notes are used to describe accounting policies, major business events, pending lawsuits, and other facets of operation. The principle of full disclosure means that financial statements result in a fair presentation and that all facts which would influence investors' and creditors' judgments about the company are disclosed in the financial statements or related notes. Oftentimes, the notes will be more voluminous than the financial statements themselves.
Business Liquidity and the Operating Cycle
Video LectureInvestors and creditors must be mindful of a company's liquidity. Liquidity is the ability of a firm to meet its near-term obligations as they come due. Inadequate liquidity can spell doom, even for a company with bright long-term prospects and significant noncash assets.
Working capital is the difference between current assets and current liabilities. The illustration for Classy Company revealed current assets of $450,000 and current liabilities of $150,000. Thus, working capital is $300,000 ($450,000 - $150,000). For obvious reasons, one would hope to find a positive amount of working capital. If not, it may be an indication of financial stress.
Of course, care should be taken in drawing blanket conclusions about a firm's condition based solely upon an examination of a single number. Could a firm have negative working capital, and still be in great shape? Yes! For instance, the firm may have a standby letter of credit at a bank that enables it to borrow money as needed to meet near-term obligations. Or, some companies are in great shape even though they have negative working capital. Consider a fast food restaurant that has virtually no receivables (most sales are for cash) and a very low inventory (bread and milk don't store well). The only current assets may consist of cash, nominal inventories, and some prepaid items. Nevertheless, they may have current liabilities in the form of significant accounts payable and short-term debt. How do they survive? The velocity of their cash flow may be very fast, as they hopefully turn large volumes of business at high profit margins. This enables the spinning of enough free cash flow to pay obligations as they come due and have money left over to reinvest in growing other business locations. So, working capital is important to monitor. Just be careful about blanket conclusions based on any single measure.
cuRREnt RatIo
Is $1,000,000 of working capital a lot? Maybe, maybe not. To a corporate giant, $1,000,000 is but a drop in the bucket and that amount of working capital could signal the end. On the other hand, a "mom and pop" business could be doing grand with far less than $1,000,000. So, it really depends on the ratio of current assets to current liabilities. The current ratio is used to express the relative amount of working capital. It is calculated by dividing current assets by current liabilities:
Current Ratio = Current assets /Current Liabilities
Classy Company has a current ratio of 3:1 ($450,000/$150,000). Be advised that ratios can be manipulated. If Classy wished to increase its current ratio, it could just pay off a little debt. For instance, if it paid off $50,000 of accounts payable with cash, then current assets and current liabilities would each decline by $50,000, and the revised current ratio would "improve" to 4:1 (($450,000 -$50,000)/($150,000 - $50,000)).
A company could possess a large amount of inventory that is not easily sold. Thus, the current ratio (which includes inventory) could signal no problem, all the while the company is struggling to pay its bills. A tougher ratio is the quick ratio. This ratio provides a more stringent test of debt-paying ability by dividing only a firm's quick assets (cash, short-term investments, and accounts receivable) by current liabilities:
Quick Ratio = (Cash + Short-term Investments + Accounts Receivable)/Current Liabilities
Classy Company has a quick ratio of 1.5:1 (($100,000 + $50,000 + $75,000)/$150,000).
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sony marketing
Tag: sony marketing
Name Section Date
New PlayStation Slogan To Highlight Exclusive Softwareps3-news2/23/2011
Our Poll
Got the Wii U?
Yep, had mine since day one.
Yeah; I just recently picked it up.
No, but I might get one soon...
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Hide and Seek
Understanding self-deception, self-sabotage, and more
Why People Are So Often the Opposite of What They Appear
An introduction to the ego defense mechanism of reaction formation.
Dr Jeykll and Mr Hyde
An important method of transforming uncomfortable or unacceptable feelings into something more manageable is 'reaction formation', which is the superficial adoption and exaggeration of ideas and impulses that are diametrically opposed to one's own.
For example, a man who finds himself attracted to someone of the same sex may cope with the unacceptability of this attraction by over-acting heterosexual: going out for several beers with the boys, speaking in a gruff voice, banging his fists on the counter, whistling at pretty girls (or whatever people do these days), conspicuously engaging in a string of baseless heterosexual relationships, and so on.
Other, classic, examples of reaction formation are the alcoholic who extolls the virtues of abstinence, the rich kid who organizes anti-capitalist rallies, the absent father who occasionally returns with big gestures to spoil and smother his children, and the angry person who behaves with exaggerated calm and courtesy.
Find a Therapist
Search for a mental health professional near you.
An especially interesting case of reaction formation is that of two people who matter deeply to each other, but who argue all the time to suppress their mutual desire and dependency. Typically, A accepts that B is really important to him, but B does not accept this of A; thus, B initiates arguments so as to help deny those feelings, and A initiates (or participates in) arguments so as to help cope with that denial, that is, to safeguard her ego, vent her anger, and temper her feelings.
Another, rather special, case of reaction formation is the person who hates the group but not the individual members of the group with whom he is personally acquainted; this helps to explain such phenomena as the misogynist who is devoted to his wife or the racist who marries a coloured person.
Behaviour that results from reaction formation can be recognizedor as least suspectedas such on the basis that it tends to have something of a manic edge, that is, it tends to be exaggerated, compulsive, and inflexible. More importantly, perhaps, is that the person's behaviour does not seem to ‘add up' in the context of his bigger picture, and may therefore appear to be groundless, irrational, or idiosyncratic. In many cases, the behaviour is also dystonic, that is, out of keeping with the person's ideal self-image, and therefore damaging to his deep-seated goals and ambitions andultimatelyto his sense of worth and his actual worth.
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Love & Lust
Who says marriage is where desire goes to die?
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PH Facts
Why do we have pubic hair?
pubic hair growth
Scientists do not know for sure, but maybe because it helps keep our genitals warm. Just think of it as natural clothes for your genitalia.
Pheromones also get trapped in the pubic hair region so we can seem more sexually attractive to the opposite sex. Pubic hair also helps reduce friction encountered during sexual intercourse similar to how armpit hair sort of lubricates the area to make movement of the skin present there smoother and more comfortable.
Why is pubic hair so curly?
curly pubic hair
Sex hormones give pubes their curl by making the hair follicles oval shaped.
Oval shaped hair tends to bend giving it that curly look. The hair follicles on other parts of our body however are round giving way to circular shaped hair which tend to curl a lot less and grow straight.
When do we start growing pubic hair?
what the…?
Most people start pubing hair when they are around 10 – 12 years old.
The first recording of pubic hair shaving in history is noted during ancient Egypt and Greece times.
hairless Egyptian society
To early Egyptians a completely hairless body (except the hair on your head) was considered the standard of beauty.
hairless female greek genitalia
And in Greece, ever notice that all the marble sculptures of women are completely hairless around their pubic regions? The Greeks believed that a smooth, hairless body exemplified youth and beauty. Male sculptures on the other hand all depict the presence of a full bush around their genitals.
Prostitutes in acient civilization also had to shave their ‘curlies’ as a clear sign of their profession and for hygenic reasons. Male semen and female juices are rather messy and full of a mix of bacteria.
a Merkin – pubic hair wig
Fascinating Fact: In Victorian times, whores wore pubic wigs
The pubic wig (called a “merkin“) has been around since the 1400s when it was originally worn by women who had shaved their pubic hair off to prevent lice. In the Victorian realm it was commonly worn by prostitutes who needed to hide the disgusting fact that they had STDs like syphilis.
In today’s society, merkins are also used in the film industry to conceal actors genitals in nude scenes. If you are a fan of HBO’s Entourage, remember that scene when porn star Sasha Grey came out full-frontal before going into the pool? Well … she was rockin’ a merkin fo’ sure!
Sasha rockin’ a merkin
Have you ever wondered why some people’s head hair and pubes do not match in color?
Aside from people who have colored their hair or people with naturally dark or black hair, your pubes are probably darker than what’s on your head. Why? Just as with skin, the color of hair is determined by the amount of melanin in the outer layer of your hair. Melanin is a pigment that is ubiquitous in nature and varies in concentration in the hair of different parts of the body. This is why pubic hair is sometimes a different color from hair elsewhere found on your body.
Black hair contains the highest concentraion of melanin while the absence of melanin as one ages causes your hair to appear whitish in color. So it is safe to say that blondes have more melanin present in their bushes as compared to that of their heads.
Encouraging pubic hair growth
pubic hair bush
We have talked about removing or shaving one’s pubic hair off in previous posts. Now what about the males or females who wish to do the exact opposite and flourish their pubes into a carefully greenhoused looking full bloom bush? What can you do to encourage the healthy growth of the intimate curly hair?
It is important to first understand the biological factors that lead to curly growth in order to get a grasp on knowing how to improve the look of your bush. Pubic hair is regulated by the controlled release of androgen hormones, like testosterone. And when our hormones are in balance, that is the optimal condition for growing pubes.
Here are some tips on how to encourage a fuller bush:
1. Massage your pubic region a few minutes daily. This rubbing action stimulates the hair follicles down there and can help promote growth.
2. Eat healthy! A well balanced healthy diet ensures that your body gets the proper vitmains and proteins need for hair growth (by the way hair is made of keratin and protein). And since studies have shown that sulfur promotes hair growth in general, try eatting everyday sulfur-rich vegetables like broccoli, onions, and garlic.
3. Try taking DHEA supplements. DHEA stands for dehydroepiandrosterone and is a steroid hormone produced by the body’s adrenal glands. Scientists don’t understand the full role of DHEA in the body, but what they do know is that it acts as a precursor to testosterone (the male sex hormone) and estrogen (the female sex hormone). These sex hormones help promote pubic hair growth.
4. Sleep well! Lack of sleep affects DHEA levels which may then encourage slower hair growth.
Some people think that shaving your pubes encourages faster and thicker hair growth but that is all just a myth. Shaving or waxing your pubic hair does not affect its biological growth rate as that is controlled by hormones and not your shave cream or razor.
In all, follow the above simple tips for healthy thunder down under hair growth if you are liking the “el naturale” look of how man’s hairy intimates were meant to be!
1 comment »
1. Bikini Line says:
Great post! The majority of females will trim their bikini line at once or another, especially for the people beach or poolside activities. Age doesn’t seem to have anything to do with it as the alternative may be somewhat embarrassing.
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Seattle's Queen Anne Neighborhood News Blog
Love cat videos? Attend the Internet Cat Video Festival and help out SPU’s Theatre Program
April 11th, 2014 by Laura
Henri Film FestivalWhat would the internet be without cat videos? If you like classics like keyboard cat or moody films featuring Henri, or, just about any random cat doing cat-like things that we humans find hilarious, you’re in luck!
Tonight only you can catch 75 minutes worth of cat videos at SPU, with ticket proceeds helping fund SPU’s Theatre Program.
The Internet Cat Video Festival features “the best and funniest Internet cat videos” curated by the SPU Theatre Department. After the compilation, there’ll be a Q&A with SPU alum Wil Braden, creator of the Henri le Chat Noir videos.
The feline festival is tonight at 7:30pm in SPU’s Upper Gwinn Commons (3310 6th Ave W). Tickets are $5 for SPU students, $10 for everyone else.
Tags: Arts & Culture · Local News · SPU
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Support: 1-800-961-4454
Rackspace Cloudvent Calendar Day 2: Automating SSH Keys
Setting up SSH keys to use with your Cloud Servers is easy and makes login a snap. You’re going to need the rackspace-novaclient installed – you can find the instructions here. Be sure you set up your .bash_profile with variables that match your account.
Once you have the client installed, you need to generate a SSH key. This step can be skipped if you already have a key that you want to use. Open up a terminal and issue this command:
ssh-keygen –t rsa
This will generate two files: your public key and your private key. Your private key should NEVER be shared with anyone. NEVER EVER. Not even with us. The terminal will prompt you on where you want to save these files, and for a password. If this is your first SSH key, the default locations are fine. You don’t need a password if you don’t want one – just hit enter to accept the defaults.
So now you have two files: ~/.ssh/id_rsa (Private) and ~/.ssh/ (Public). Let’s upload your PUBLIC key to your account with the nova client:
Congrats! You’ve just added your key to your account. Now you can build a server with that key already in place:
nova boot -–image <UUID> --flavor <FLAVOR> --key-name mykey SERVERNAME
The server will be created and have your public key in your authorized_keys file. Now when you SSH to the server, you won’t be prompted for a password.
Did you miss day 1? You can read it here. Check back tomorrow for day 3!
About the Author
This is a post written and contributed by Hart Hoover.
• Christian Ashby
It might be worth mentioning nova keypair-list here :)
Racker Powered
©2014 Rackspace, US Inc.
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Artist file
Ludwig von 88
Ludwig von 88 is a French punk rock group, that was very active on the alternative rock scene during the 80's and 90's. Their music is full of humour despite touching very sensitive topics like most of the wars that happened in the late 80s and 90s, drugs, corrupt French politicians, road accidents... They managed to make a generation of young French laugh about every sad thing that was going on around them.
Albums Ludwig von 88
0 played on Radionomy
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Welcome! You are browsing as a guest
#19 Lacy Wrap
May 2014
Worsted / 10 ply (9 wpi) ?
18 stitches and 8 rows = 4 inches in over dc
5.0 mm (H)
2781 yards (2543 m)
Striped wrap worked in wave pattern with long fringe. Shown on page 53.
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No Longer Available
MTD 725-0417
MTD Logo
MTD Authorized Substitution
The part number 725-0417 has been changed to part number 925-0417. While the new part may look different, this is a MTD approved substitution.
Please note that the price and availability shown is for the new part number 925-0417.
Part number 925-0417 has been discontinued by MTD. We apologize for the inconvenience.
Brand MTD
Old Part Number 725-0417
New Part Number 925-0417
Condition New
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On The Move
April 9, 2012
Their study provides new insight into cell motility, a complex and integrated process, which, when gone awry, can lead to various disease conditions such as cancer metastasis, birth defects, cardiovascular disease and compromised immune function.
Many cell types migrate through surrounding tissue: nerve cells reaching for their final destination; immune cells on the prowl for intruding pathogens; fibroblast called in to close wounds and stray cancer cells that have escaped the confines of the primary tumor. They all use actin filaments to push at the front by constantly remodeling their actin cytoskeleton.
“Our work demonstrates that an actin-polymerizing factor known as the Arp2/3 complex plays a critical role in the formation of the dendritic array of actin fibers that forms the structural backbone of lamellipodia and helps drive the leading edge of the cell forward,” says Stowers Investigator Rong Li, Ph.D., who led the study.
When pure actin polymerizes, elongation is energetically favored over nucleation resulting in long thin filaments. The Arp2/3 complex, which localizes to lamellipodia, was thought to help build the web of actin filaments that shapes lamellipodia by initiating the branching process. “But it had been unclear whether Arp2/3 is actually required for lamellipodia formation and how it would affect cell motility,” Li explains.
Unlike previous studies, which had mostly relied on RNA interference to reduce the concentration of functional Arp2/3 complex and had reached conflicting conclusions, Li and her team opted for the genetic disruption of the ARP2/3 complex to determine its function in fibroblast cell motility.
“Our study is the first one to use knock-out mice and differentiated mouse embryonic stem cells to dissect the function of Arp2/3 in fibroblast cell motility,” says postdoctoral researcher and lead author Praveen Suraneni, Ph.D. Fibroblasts are very mobile and have become the standard model to study cell motility.
The Stowers researchers derived mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells from animals that lacked the gene encoding the ARPC3 subunit of the Arp2/3 complex and normal control mice and differentiated them into fibroblasts. To get a closer look at the morphology of control and mutant fibroblasts, Suraneni transferred the cells to coverslips at low density.
As soon as the cells had spread out, it became apparent that control fibroblasts sported smooth lamellipodia-like edges, while none of the mutant cells displayed the broad, veil-like protrusions reminiscent of lamellipodia. Instead, they put out spiky protrusions containing parallel actin bundles characteristic of filopodia.
To find out whether the inability to form lamellipodia impacted cells’ ability to move, the researchers used a wound healing-assay to test cell motility. Wound healing is one of the main functions of fibroblasts and requires the target-oriented migration of these cells toward the site of injury. When Suraneni mimicked a wound by creating a cell-free gap between confluent layers of either normal or mutant fibroblasts, ARPC-/- cells showed a considerable delay in closing the fissure.
Time-lapse movies that tracked ARPC+/+ and ARPC-/- fibroblasts moving into the open space during the in vitro wound healing assay revealed that ARPC-/- cells moved at roughly the same speed as their wild-type counterparts. The mutant cells’ failure to close the wound efficiently, was explained when Suraneni found, much to his surprise, that ARPC-/- fibroblasts showed a defect in persistent directional cell migration. In other words, they went nowhere fast.
A chemotaxis assay based on an epidermal growth factor gradient, which normal fibroblasts find irresistible, confirmed that mutant fibroblasts are unable to stay on a straight line even in the presence of a stable directional cue. “It suggests that Arp2/3 complex-mediated lamellipodia extension may be particularly favorable to cell migration processes that require strong directional persistence,” says Suraneni.
Li and her team are now planning to look at different cell types derived from ARPC+/+ and ARPC-/- mouse embryonic stem cells. “Different cell types move at different speeds and respond to different cues,” explains Li. “We hope to learn more about the mechanisms that drive cell motility in different contexts and whether there is a single, conserved system common to all.”
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Permutation group
Permutation group
In mathematics, a permutation group is a group G whose elements are permutations of a given set M, and whose group operation is the composition of permutations in G (which are thought of as bijective functions from the set M to itself); the relationship is often written as (G,M). Note that the group of all permutations of a set is the symmetric group; the term permutation group is usually restricted to mean a subgroup of the symmetric group. The symmetric group of n elements is denoted by Sn; if M is any finite or infinite set, then the group of all permutations of M is often written as Sym(M).
The application of a permutation group to the elements being permuted is called its group action; it has applications in both the study of symmetries, combinatorics and many other branches of mathematics and physics.
Closure properties
As a subgroup of a symmetric group, all that is necessary for a permutation group to satisfy the group axioms is that it contain the identity permutation, the inverse permutation of each permutation it contains, and be closed under composition of its permutations. A general property of finite groups implies that a subset of a finite symmetric group is again a group if and only if it is closed under the group operation.
Permutations are often written in cyclic form, e.g. during cycle index computations, so that given the set M = {1,2,3,4}, a permutation g of M with g(1) = 2, g(2) = 4, g(4) = 1 and g(3) = 3 will be written as (1,2,4)(3), or more commonly, (1,2,4) since 3 is left unchanged; if the objects are denoted by a single letter or digit, commas are also dispensed with, and we have a notation such as (1 2 4).
Consider the following set of permutations G of the set M = {1,2,3,4}:
• e = (1)(2)(3)(4)
• This is the identity, the trivial permutation which fixes each element.
• a = (1 2)(3)(4) = (1 2)
• This permutation interchanges 1 and 2, and fixes 3 and 4.
• b = (1)(2)(3 4) = (3 4)
• Like the previous one, but exchanging 3 and 4, and fixing the others.
• ab = (1 2)(3 4)
• This permutation, which is the composition of the previous two, exchanges simultaneously 1 with 2, and 3 with 4.
G forms a group, since aa = bb = e, ba = ab, and baba = e. So (G,M) forms a permutation group.
The Rubik's Cube puzzle is another example of a permutation group. The underlying set being permuted is the coloured subcubes of the whole cube. Each of the rotations of the faces of the cube is a permutation of the positions and orientations of the subcubes. Taken together, the rotations form a generating set, which in turn generates a group by composition of these rotations. The axioms of a group are easily seen to be satisfied; to invert any sequence of rotations, simply perform their opposites, in reverse order.
The group of permutations on the Rubik's Cube does not form a complete symmetric group of the 20 corner and face cubelets; there are some final cube positions which cannot be achieved through the legal manipulations of the cube.
More generally, every group G is isomorphic to a permutation group by virtue of its regular action on G as a set; this is the content of Cayley's theorem.
If G and H are two permutation groups on the same set X, then we say that G and H are isomorphic as permutation groups if there exists a bijective map f : XX such that r mapsto f −1 o r o f defines a bijective map between G and H; in other words, if for each element g in G, there is a unique hg in H such that for all x in X, (g o f)(x) = (f o hg)(x). This is equivalent to G and H being conjugate as subgroups of SX. In this case, G and H are also isomorphic as groups.
Notice that different permutation groups may well be isomorphic as abstract groups, but not as permutation groups. For instance, the permutation group on {1,2,3,4} described above is isomorphic as a group (but not as a permutation group) to {(1)(2)(3)(4), (12)(34), (13)(24), (14)(23)}. Both are isomorphic as groups to the Klein group V4.
If (G,M) and (H,M) such that both G and H are isomorphic as groups to Sym(M), then (G,M) and (H,M) are isomorphic as permutation groups; thus it is appropriate to talk about the symmetric group Sym(M) (up to isomorphism).
Transpositions, simple transpositions, inversions and sorting
A 2-cycle is known as a transposition. A simple transposition in Sn is a 2-cycle of the form (i i + 1).
An inversion of a permutation p in Sn is a pair (i i + 1) such that p(i) > p(i + 1). Viewing permutations as lists, an inversion expresses that the items at position i and i + 1 are out of order.
It can be shown that every permutation can be written as a product of simple transpositions; furthermore, the number of simple transpositions one can write a permutation p in Sn can be the number of inversions of p and if the number of inversions in p is odd or even the number of transpositions in p will also be odd or even corresponding to the oddness of p, and that it is possible to find such a product—in fact, this is what insertion sort does implicitly (instead of giving the simple transpositions as output, it applies them to the input list).
See also
• John D. Dixon and Brian Mortimer. Permutation Groups. Number 163 in Graduate Texts in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, 1996.
• Akos Seress. Permutation group algorithms. Cambridge Tracts in Mathematics, 152. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2003.
• Meenaxi Bhattacharjee, Dugald Macpherson, Rögnvaldur G. Möller and Peter M. Neumann. Notes on Infinite Permutation Groups. Number 1698 in Lecture Notes in Mathematics. Springer-Verlag, 1998.
• Alexander Hulpke. GAP Data Library "Transitive Permutation Groups"
• Peter J. Cameron. Permutation Groups. LMS Student Text 45. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1999.
• Peter J. Cameron. Oligomorphic Permutation Groups. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1990.
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A scream, shout, holler, vociferation, or yell is a loud human audio vocalization in which the person makes a loud cry by expelling air from the lungs.
These exclamations may be motivated by extreme emotion such as fear, excitement, suprise,or pain.
When human beings are taken over by extreme fear they may scream for various and sometimes intermingled reasons. These reasons include scaring away an attacker or calling attention to themselves for help. Screaming as a result of fear from a practical joke may be cause for embarrassment.
When people are overcome by joy, such as at an encounter with someone whom they long to encounter such as their romantic interest or family member or friend who has been away, they may exclaim with a scream their excitement for this occasion. People often scream out of joy when something happy has happened to them, like winning a prize. This is usually because of surprise or intense emotion.
When people suffer from injuries which are very painful such as broken bones or gun shot wounds, they often scream in pain or surprise. This may be a vocalization used to deal with the shock of the incident or perhaps an evolutionary adaptation used to warn others of danger.
When people are not expecting something and it comes suddenly they are surprised. If someone comes up to you and jumps on you or talks in your ear when you do not know they are going to do this, most of the people scream in surprise or shock
The decibel levels of screams may be very high, and this has become an issue in the sport of tennis, particularly with regards to Maria Sharapova's loud tennis grunts which have been measured as high as 101.2 decibels. The human range for screaming in decibels is between 0 and 112.8 which is the world record held by Alan Myatt.The pitch varies depending on the justification for a scream. Also, some music genres feature vocalists who scream rather than sing. This is found in metal, emo, screamo, hardcore, and other genres. The purpose of screaming in this music is sometimes to express emotion more strongly.
Popular Culture
The Wilhelm scream is film's most familiar scream and has been edited into many movies since 1951.
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[hel-sing-kee, hel-sing-]
Helsingfors, Finland: see Helsinki.
Swedish Helsingfors
City (pop., 2002 est.: city, 559,718; metro. area, 964,953), capital of Finland. Located in southern Finland on a peninsula with natural harbours, it is the country's leading seaport. Often called the “white city of the north” because many of its buildings are made of a local light-coloured granite, it was founded by Sweden in 1550 and moved to its present site in 1640. With Finland it came under Russian rule in 1808. Under Russian Tsar Alexander I, Helsinki became the capital of the grand duchy of Finland in 1812, and it remained as the capital of the country. In 1917 Finland declared independence from Russia, and a brief but bloody civil war ensued in the capital. In subsequent decades it developed into an important trade centre. It was damaged by Russian bombing during World War II (see Russo-Finnish War) but was rebuilt. It was the site of a 1975 international diplomatic conference (see Helsinki Accords). Helsinki has theatres, an opera and ballet company, and several symphony orchestras, and it hosted the 1952 Olympic Summer Games.
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How Resolver Systems helps:
Python Programmers
Develop and host Python code in the cloud with PythonAnywhere.
Spreadsheet Developers
Rapidly build reliable, maintainable models with Resolver One.
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Access a whole new world of number-crunching capabilities.
About Resolver Systems
Resolver Systems produce tools that help programmers and spreadsheet developers create better systems.
quotes If you are using Python to wrangle business data, Resolver One™ will make sense immediately. quotes
Jon Udell, Technical Evangelist, Microsoft
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• Main Menu
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Discriminative Cluster Analysis
Fernando De la Torre Frade and Takeo Kanade
International Conference on Machine Learning, June, 2006, pp. 241 - 248.
• Adobe portable document format (pdf) (489KB)
Clustering is one of the most widely used statistical tools for data analysis. Among all existing clustering techniques, k-means is a very popular method because of its ease of programming and because it accomplishes a good trade-off between achieved performance and computational complexity. However, k-means is prone to local minima problems, and it does not scale too well with high dimensional data sets. A common approach to dealing with high dimensional data is to cluster in the space spanned by the principal components (PC). In this paper, we show the benefits of clustering in a low dimensional discriminative space rather than in the PC space (generative). In particular, we propose a new clustering algorithm called Discriminative Cluster Analysis (DCA). DCA jointly performs dimensionality reduction and clustering. Several toy and real examples show the benefits of DCA versus traditional PCA+k-means clustering. Additionally, a new matrix formulation is proposed and connections with related techniques such as spectral graph methods and linear discriminant analysis are provided.
Clustering, Linear Discriminant Analysis, Component Analysis
Associated Project(s): Component Analysis for Data Analysis
Number of pages: 8
Text Reference
Fernando De la Torre Frade and Takeo Kanade, "Discriminative Cluster Analysis," International Conference on Machine Learning, June, 2006, pp. 241 - 248.
BibTeX Reference
author = "Fernando {De la Torre Frade} and Takeo Kanade",
title = "Discriminative Cluster Analysis",
booktitle = "International Conference on Machine Learning",
pages = "241 - 248",
publisher = "ACM Press",
address = "New York, NY, USA",
month = "June",
year = "2006",
volume = "148",
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Tales From the Cryptologist
Heroic Brit tries to crack the Nazi code without cracking up in Apted's Enigma
Quick! Name a brilliant mathematician at one of the country's leading academic institutions who, despite obvious emotional problems that keep him on the edge of a nervous breakdown, is enlisted by his government to decipher seemingly impenetrable military communications that the enemy sends to its operatives around the world. If you guessed A Beautiful Mind's John Nash, you guessed wrong, but viewers can hardly fail to notice the similarities tying the Princeton genius to Tom Jericho, the hero of director Michael Apted's new World War II-era romantic thriller, Enigma.
Nash, of course, was a real person (despite several liberties taken by the filmmakers) whose film persona only imagined that he was involved in top-secret government work, whereas Jericho is a fictional character set against the very real story of British cryptographers struggling against enormous odds to develop a machine that could break the Nazis' infamous Enigma code. The ultimate success of the British in this undertaking constitutes one of the most exciting noncombat exploits of World War II.
Apparently watching a group of mathematicians thinking while linguists scribble on bits of paper and engineers clamp widgets on rotors isn't considered the stuff of high drama, however. So, rather than present a straightforward docudrama of the real Bletchley Park (a compound northwest of London where British scientists and intelligence services were sequestered during the war), the filmmakers turned to Robert Harris' 1995 novel Enigma, which spices up the action -- or inaction -- with a love story.
As the film opens, Jericho, who was instrumental in cracking the first Enigma code, is returning to Station X (Bletchley's code name during the war) from Cambridge, where he went to recover from a devastating love affair with a Bletchley colleague, Claire Romilly (Saffron Burrows, always impossibly leggy and unattainable). He has been called back because the Germans, possibly tipped off by a traitor within Bletchley, have changed the code and the Allies must figure out how to decipher the new one before an American convoy is set upon by German U-boats.
Upon his return, Jericho learns that Claire has disappeared, and he begins to suspect that she may be the traitor. With Claire's frumpy but game roommate Hester (Kate Winslet, who makes any character interesting to watch), Tom sets out to unravel the mystery of Claire's disappearance. Needless to say, the film's title refers to both riddles.
Making things more difficult for Jericho is a slick British secret-service agent with an insinuating manner and a perpetual sneer (Jeremy Northam, bloody marvelous as always) who keeps sniffing around, half-convinced that Tom may be the Quisling.
Scottish actor Dougray Scott, unrecognizable from his earlier stints in Mission: Impossible 2 and Ever After, scores a bull's-eye as Jericho, conveying a convincing intellectual acumen, as well as a sense of deep emotional vulnerability (the latter helped immeasurably by his thick lips, disheveled hair and hooded eyes, which combine to produce an irresistibly sexy, wounded expression). That Jericho proves as adept at dissecting the riddle of Claire as he does the intricacies of the German code stretches credulity, but that's what happens when a script puts the demands of romantic intrigue ahead of every other plot consideration.
The actual events that took place at Station X in the 1940s would seem to be sufficiently fascinating not to require a silly old romance, but without the romance, the filmmakers obviously were concerned that no studio would be willing to make the film or that even if some studio did, no one would pay to see such a cerebral and technically demanding movie. Well, the filmmaking team, which included director Michael Apted and producer Mick Jagger, was half-right. The movie got made, but the technical explanations are impossibly difficult for a layperson to follow (screenwriter Tom Stoppard probably understood it all and forgot he had to write for the rest of us). Certainly a terrific sense of urgency underlies the story, and Tom's desperation over Claire is palpable, but that may not be enough for viewers who actually like to understand how the riddle is unraveling.
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Francis McClintock
The Royal Collection © 2012,
Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II
RCIN 2911408
Francis McClintock
Photographer unknown
Acquired by Queen Victoria
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Francis McClintock’s search expedition in HMS Fox (1857–9) was one of 20 search expeditions sent out between 1848 and 1859 to uncover the fate of the crew of HMS Erebus and HMS Terror under the command of Sir John Franklin in 1845. McClintock’s expedition confirmed that most, if not all, of the ship’s company had died.
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Sacred Texts Bible Bible Commentary Index
Leviticus Index
Previous Next
Leviticus Chapter 19
Leviticus 19:2
lev 19:2
Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them, Ye shall be (a) holy: for I the LORD your God [am] holy.
(a) That is, void of all pollution, idolatry and superstition both of soul and body.
Leviticus 19:5
lev 19:5
And if ye offer a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the LORD, ye shall offer it (b) at your own will.
(b) Of your own accord.
Leviticus 19:7
lev 19:7
And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it [is] abominable; it shall not be (c) accepted.
(c) To wit, of God.
Leviticus 19:11
lev 19:11
Ye shall not steal, neither (d) deal falsely, neither lie one to another.
(d) In that which is committed to your credit.
Leviticus 19:16
lev 19:16
Thou shalt not (e) go up and down [as] a talebearer among thy people: neither shalt thou (f) stand against the blood of thy neighbour: I [am] the LORD.
(e) As a slanderer, backbiter, or quarrel picker.
(f) By consenting to his death, or conspiring with the wicked.
Leviticus 19:19
lev 19:19
Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a (g) diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woollen come upon thee.
(g) As a horse to leap an ass, or a mule a mare.
Leviticus 19:23
lev 19:23
And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye (h) shall count the fruit thereof as uncircumcised: three years shall it be as uncircumcised unto you: it shall not be eaten of.
(h) It shall be unclean as that thing, which is not circumcised.
Leviticus 19:26
lev 19:26
Ye shall not eat [any thing] with the blood: neither shall ye use enchantment, nor (i) observe times.
(i) To measure lucky or unlucky days.
Leviticus 19:27
lev 19:27
Ye shall not (k) round the corners of your heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.
(k) As did the Gentiles in sign of mourning.
Leviticus 19:28
lev 19:28
Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any (l) marks upon you: I [am] the LORD.
(l) By whipping your bodies or burning marks in them.
Leviticus 19:29
lev 19:29
Do not prostitute thy daughter, to cause her to be a (m) whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness.
(m) As did the Cyprians, and Locrenses.
Leviticus 19:32
lev 19:32
Thou shalt (n) rise up before the hoary head, and honour the face of the old man, and fear thy God: I [am] the LORD.
(n) In token of reverence.
Leviticus 19:35
lev 19:35
Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in (o) meteyard, in weight, or in measure.
(o) As in measuring the ground.
Leviticus 19:36
lev 19:36
Just balances, just weights, a just (p) ephah, and a just hin, shall ye have: I [am] the LORD your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt.
(p) By these two measures he means all other. Of Ephah, read (Exo 16:36) and of Hin, (Exo 29:40).
Next: Leviticus Chapter 20
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Sacred Texts Tarot Tarot Reading Index Previous Next
Buy this Book at Amazon.com
§ 8
Shuffle the entire pack and turn some of the cards round, so as to invert their tops.
Let them be cut by the Querent with his left hand.
Deal out the first forty-two cards in six packets of seven cards each, face upwards, so that the first seven cards form the first packet, the following seven the second, and so on-as in the following diagram:--
Take up the first packet; lay out the cards on the table in a row, from right to left; place the cards of the second packet upon them and then the packets which remain. You will thus have seven new packets of six cards each, arranged as follows--
Take the top card of each packet, shuffle them and lay out from right to left, making a line of seven cards.
Then take up the two next cards from each packet, shuffle and lay them out in two lines under the first line.
Take up the remaining twenty-one cards of the packets, shuffle and lay them out in three lines below the others.
You will thus have six horizontal lines of seven cards each, arranged after the following manner.
In this method, the Querent--if of the male sex--is represented by the Magician, and if female by the High Priestess; but the card, in either case, is not taken from the pack until the forty-two cards have been laid out, as above directed. If the required card is not found among those placed upon the table, it must be sought among the remaining thirty-six cards, which have not been dealt, and should be placed a little distance to the right of the first horizontal line. On the other hand, if it is among them, it is also taken out, placed as stated, and a card is drawn haphazard from the thirty-six cards undealt to fill the vacant position, so that there are still forty-two cards laid out on the table.
The cards are then read in succession, from right to left throughout, beginning at card No. 1 of the top line, the last to be read being that on the extreme left, or No. 7, of the bottom line.
This method is recommended when no definite question is asked-that is, when the Querent wishes to learn generally concerning the course of his life and destiny. If he wishes to know what may befall within a certain time, this time should be clearly specified before the cards are shuffled.
With further reference to the reading, it should be remembered that the cards must be interpreted relatively to the subject, which means that all official and conventional meanings of the cards may and should be adapted to harmonize with the conditions of this particular case in question--the position, time of life and sex of the Querent, or person for whom the consultation is made.
Thus, the Fool may indicate the whole range of mental phases between mere excitement and madness, but the particular phase in each divination must be judged by considering the general trend of the cards, and in this naturally the intuitive faculty plays an important part.
It is well, at the beginning of a reading, to run through the cards quickly, so that the mind may receive a general impression of the subject-the trend of the destiny--and afterwards to start again--reading them one by one and interpreting in detail.
It should be remembered that the Trumps represent more powerful and compelling forces--by the Tarot hypothesis--than are referable to the small cards.
The value of intuitive and clairvoyant faculties is of course assumed in divination. Where these are naturally present or have been developed by the Diviner, the fortuitous arrangement of cards forms a link between his mind and the atmosphere of the subject of divination, and then the rest is simple. Where intuition fails, or is absent, concentration, intellectual observation and deduction must be used to the fullest extent to obtain a satisfactory result. But intuition, even if apparently dormant, may be cultivated by practice in these divinatory processes. If in doubt as to the exact meaning of a card in a particular connexion, the Diviner is recommended, by those who are versed in the matter, to place his hand on it, try to refrain from thinking of what it ought to be, and note the impressions that arise in his mind. At the beginning this will probably resolve itself into mere guessing and may prove incorrect, but it becomes possible with practice to distinguish between a guess of the conscious mind and an impression arising from the mind which is sub-conscious.
It is not within my province to offer either theoretical or practical suggestions on this subject, in which I have no part, but the following additamenta have been contributed by one who has more titles to speak than all the cartomancists of Europe, if they could shuffle with a single pair of hands and divine with one tongue.
1. Before beginning the operation, formulate your question definitely, and repeat it aloud.
2. Make your mind as blank as possible while shuffling the cards.
3. Put out of the mind personal bias and preconceived ideas as far as possible, or your judgment will be tinctured thereby.
4. On this account it is more easy to divine correctly for a stranger than for yourself or a friend.
Next: Section 9: The Method of Reading by Means of Thirty-Five Cards
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Parents | Raising readers & learners.
Home of Parent & Child Magazine
Parent Guide to Book Genres: Historical Fiction
Help your kids understand the present by turning to the past.
Learning Benefits
Hover over each Learning Benefit below for a detailed explanation.
Critical Thinking
Reading Comprehension
Time-traveling through books can give your child a glimpse of the eras and cultures that shaped the world, plus help her better understand current events. Encourage her to choose a time period and culture that intrigues her, whether it's a fictionalized account of an ancient royal or an everyday child from your own heritage.
Why They're Worthwhile
The most immediate gift historical fiction offers is a sensory-filled vision of a different time and place. It will show your child what life was like before TV (and toilets) and what kids like him did every day. Plus, it personalizes real events, cementing history's greatest moments in his mind. But it does much more than that. Perhaps more than any other genre, historical fiction hones your child's ability to empathize with people who are much different than he is.
Talking the Talk
Many of the best historical novels for kids tackle difficult topics like slavery or the Holocaust, so be prepared to answer questions that may not always be easy. Pay close attention to recommended reading ages, since your advanced reader may have the skills to tackle a book meant for older kids, but may not be emotionally ready for it. When possible, try to read the book or at least what others have had to say about it before making a purchase.
Beyond the Books
There are several ways to delve deeper into the time period and culture of your child's favorite piece of fiction. You could:
• Cook up a dish or beverage that they would have eaten.
• Create a costume for your child that emulates this period of time and have her spend a few hours pretending to be that character.
• Ask your child to start a piece of "historical fiction" of her own. Since her life will one day be part of history, talk to her about what she would include and why.
Find Just-Right Books
The Reading Toolkit
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Parents | Raising readers & learners.
Home of Parent & Child Magazine
Fuss-Free Food Ideas
Don't give up right away if your child doesn't enjoy a new food -- it can take up to 15 tries.
Learning Benefits
We’ve all done it — run a mental checklist of the two or three foods our children will eat, especially after meeting that one baby who “loves everything.” You naturally worry about a picky eater, but it’s a normal stage for infants and toddlers. Rest assured that even though your child may demand chicken fingers at every meal, there are things you can do to gradually expand her palate.
Before He Turns One
If you’ve introduced your baby to a variety of solid foods, you know that he prefers some over others. Research shows that it can take up to 15 tries before a child enjoys a new food, so don’t give up right away if he rejects an offering. As an alternative, you might try using foods he already likes to acquaint him with new ones. If he enjoys fruit, for instance, add it to yogurt. If he balks at veggies, mix a puree with applesauce, gradually changing the proportion of each until he is eating mostly vegetables. If he chooses finger foods over oatmeal, add crackers and allow him to fish them out.
The Toddler Years
Toddlers are notorious for their picky eating, but in most cases you needn’t worry. Your child’s diet will balance out over the week — even if she eats the same foods several meals in a row. Offer choices: “Would you like squash or broccoli?” A feeling of control will increase her motivation to try new items. So will allowing her to eat what you do. Use caution with spices — you can always set aside a seasoning-free portion for your toddler to taste.
More From Ages & Stages:
The Perfect Baby Workout
What's Safe for Your Baby to Sleep With
Find Just-Right Books
The Reading Toolkit
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Can People Really Have Carbon-Neutral Lives?
Learn how you can work toward having zero climate impact
University of California at Berkeley
Dear EarthTalk: What does "carbon neutral" really mean? And is it really possible to live in such a manner without just resorting to buying carbon credits?
--Vera Hoffman, Seattle, WA
Carbon neutral is a term that has sprouted many definitions, and how to achieve it has spawned numerous interpretations, too. According to the New Oxford American Dictionary, which made carbon neutral its 2006 “Word of the Year,” it involves “calculating your total climate-damaging carbon emissions, reducing them where possible, and then balancing your remaining emissions, often by purchasing a carbon offset.”
But the term is really so ‘06. Today’s term, “climate neutral,” complicates the issue. Tracking carbon is great, but carbon dioxide (CO2) is only one of several greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming, says the 2008 publication, Kick the Habit: A U.N. Guide to Climate Neutrality, by the United Nations Environment Program. CO2 makes up some 80 percent of the world’s greenhouse gases, but five others—nitrous oxide, hydrofluorocarbons, perfluorocarbons, sulphur hexafluoride and methane—also contribute. Limits on all six gases were called for by the Kyoto Protocol international climate treaty.
Semantics aside, whether a person can live in a climate-neutral manner is a question of lifestyle choices and making improvements over time. Start your climate neutral quest by calculating your energy usage. Type “climate footprint” or “carbon footprint” into Google and try a couple of calculators that track use in different ways. One is Earthlab’s (; the University of California at Berkeley also offers one at:
For a calculation, you’ll need information about your home energy use and your travel by car and public transit. Some calculators ask whether you’re vegetarian, how much you recycle and compost, and how much you spend buying goods and dining out. The equation can get involved. Record your information sources, and then revisit the calculator periodically with new numbers to see how you’re doing.
The final element involves a carbon offset, “an emission reduction credit from another organization’s project that results in less carbon dioxide or other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere than would otherwise occur,” says the David Suzuki Foundation, which promotes “ways for society to live in balance with the natural world.” You can purchase credits from a renewable energy company, for instance, to offset the amount of carbon emissions you can’t eliminate through other measures.
Will your efforts make a difference? Kick the Habit says that, for individuals, “less than 50 percent are direct emissions (such as driving a car or using a heater).” About 20 percent are caused by the creation, use and disposal of products we use; 25 percent comes from powering workplaces; and 10 percent from maintaining public infrastructure. You can drive your car less and turn down the heat, but consider ways you can affect business and government policies that could tap into that other 50-plus percent.
“We are all part of the solution,” wrote U.N. Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in the foreword to Kick the Habit. “Whether you are an individual, a business, an organization or a government, there are many steps you can take to reduce your climate footprint. It is a message we must all take to heart.”
CONTACT: Kick the Habit,
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Science Talk
The First Nuclear Arms Race: Churchill's Bomb, Part 1
Podcast Transcription
Steve Mirsky: This broadcast is brought to you by, home of more than 100,000 titles including great science works. For Scientific American podcast listeners Audible recommends A Short History of Nearly Everything by Bill Bryson and The 4 Percent Universe: Dark Matter, Dark Energy, and the Race to Discover the Rest of Reality by Richard Panek. Audible is giving away a free audio book just for checking them out. You can sign up for a one-month trial membership and the freebie at That's
Welcome to the sound of your Scientific American Podcast Science Talk posted on April 24th, 2014. I'm Steve Mirsky. March 1914 saw the publication of the H. G. Wells book The World Set Free in which Wells mused about nuclear war and coined the term atomic bomb. World War I started a few months later and World War II brought that bomb into existence. Graham Farmelo's latest book is called Churchill's Bomb: How the United States Overtook Britain in the First Nuclear Arms Race.
Did you know that Churchill and H. G. Wells were buddies? Well listen to Farmelo explain. He's usually based in London but we caught up at Scientific American the last time he was in New York.
First Graham Farmelo it's so great that you could come back and visit us again. The Strangest Man was the last book and we talked about that at length. And that was terrific and we had a great conversation. And now Churchill's Bomb: How the United States Overtook Britain in the First Nuclear Arms Race. Now I grew up hearing about the race between the U.S. and Germany for the atomic bomb and this book tells a story that I doubt a whole lot of people know about the British efforts to get there first and what happened there. So tell us.
Graham Farmelo: Well it's certainly true that when the Manhattan Project, which people know is the project where the United States built the first nuclear weapons that was originally set to build a weapon because the great fear was that Hitler and his friends over in Germany would get the bomb first. I've spoken to several people who worked on the Manhattan Project who said that's what motivated them. They were absolutely terrified that this crazy, crazy man would get the bomb first.
It's worth saying just straight off that James Conant, the president of Harvard in the 1940s – I heard a story which intrigued me which isn't in the book actually. And that is that when they heard that Hitler was crazy enough to declare war on the United States soon after Pearl Harbor that people said, "Well you now it's just a matter of time now." And apparently Conant commented then, "But we don't know whether they've got the bomb.
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: It's very easily forgotten how that possibility was taken very seriously. I mean Hitler had this huge industrial machine.
Steve Mirsky: German physicists were world renown.
Graham Farmelo: Absolutely. I mean pretty much you can say there's no one smarter than Heisenberg. I mean this isn't Heisenberg in Breaking Bad[laughter]
Steve Mirsky: [laughter]
Graham Farmelo: This is the real Heisenberg. But no it's a serious point. They had Heisenberg and they had others. Nuclear fission was discovered in Hitler's capital on the eve of the war. This was one of the great jokes that fate paid on humankind in the 20th Century. Right on the eve of the Second World War all right, nuclear fission was discovered in Berlin. And as we're saying there is a real fear that with luck and a following wind that Hitler – his scientists might have developed the bomb.
Steve Mirsky: Yeah.
Graham Farmelo: And as you say the Manhattan Project is popularly depicted as the response to that. If you look back at it – you look back on the history of the project you can see that while important what was being done in 1940 and thereabouts in the United States the first really clear visualization that the bomb could happen was actually made in March 1940 just before Churchill became Prime Minister of Great Britain.
And there two scientists categorized by Britain there as enemy aliens, working in a modest premises at the University of Birmingham – not Oxford or Cambridge – University of Birmingham; they sitting around a table much like the one Steve we're sitting around now tumbled that you could actually make a nuclear bomb relatively speaking quite simply by taking two pieces of a particular isotope of uranium, ______ [sounds like thoring] them together to form what was called a critical mass and forming something that could explode.
That as a critical insight made roughly speaking second week of March 1940.
Steve Mirsky: By –?
Graham Farmelo: By Otto Frisch and Rudolf Peierls.
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: All right?
Steve Mirsky: Ironically names Peierls because atomic "piles" is –
Graham Farmelo: Yes indeed, indeed, indeed. Now the story of what they did with that –
Steve Mirsky: Insight.
Graham Farmelo: insight is I think an intriguing one. Put simply they took it to their boss, Mark Oliphant and he said, "We've got to take this to the governor," which he did. And speaking as a Brit with all due modesty it was actually handled brilliantly right? The scientists, with the wisdom of hindsight behaved extremely well. They knew this was a matter not just of physics and science but of national import. So they took it to the government all right? And to cut a long story short various committees were set up involving industrialists, first class nuclear physicists. And by the time we get to 1941 when Churchill was Prime Minister it was pretty clear from the deliberations of those scientists that a bomb could be made.
Steve Mirsky: And let me just remind people that in 1940 the U.S. isn't in the war but Britain and Germany are already at war. They’ve been at war since December of 1939.
Graham Farmelo: Absolutely right. And this was serious. I mean this was all out war. Britain and its Empire – We must remember that Britain wasn't completely alone. It had a huge Empire working with it. But this was toe to toe combat with a fanatic – Adolf Hitler – with a tremendously well-equipped, well-disciplined army. And pretty much Britain and its Empire – They were fighting for its life so to speak. And in the United States there was President Roosevelt and a lot of people that didn't want the United States to get involved in what they saw was as kind of an imperialist struggle over in Europe.
Now it must be kept in perspective. This was seen as extremely hypothetical at that time. People had foreseen in plays and books and magazine articles on both sides of the Atlantic the possibility of nuclear weapons. It was first new to the idea of atomic bombs way back in 1914 by H. G. Wells, a good friend of Churchill's. That's why Churchill probably would've first read about it. That's where the words came into our language.
But it was very speculative in war time. That said even the people who scoffed at the idea that this could be relevant to the war were pretty concerned that Hitler might get his hands on that weapon and his first class scientists could build it. So it was balancing those things.
Steve Mirsky: Presumably Wells would've understood from Einstein's work that a small amount of mass could theoretically be converted into a huge amount of energy. But he wouldn't have had any mechanism for that.
Graham Farmelo: That's right. That's right. Wells was truly brilliant, not as a great novelist or as great scientist, but he had a brilliant ability to take a small thread of a scientific idea and pull it and then dramatize it. And that's what he did in The World Set Free, where he read about the possibility of huge amounts of energy – we now call it nuclear energy – being made available and maybe making an explosive weapon out of it. And with his astonishing imagination he just pulled that thread and came up with a scenario where that would be _______.
And Churchill almost certainly read about that because he read H. G. Wells's novels twice. He was a complete devotee of Wells.
Steve Mirsky: And they became –
Graham Farmelo: They were friends.
Steve Mirsky: buddies who would hang out and discuss ideas together.
Graham Farmelo: That's absolutely right. They differed greatly on politics but Churchill had a huge regard for H. G. Wells's farsightedness in this. So you're right. Let's just go back again. We had this possibility. We're in the thick of war so to speak. And then for me the big thing is that FDR offered Churchill what for all intents and purposes was an equal harness collaboration in October 1941. All right? This was in my view very generous – a very generous offer.
Britain at that time was way ahead of the game actually. It was what their top class scientists had worked out. The bomb was viable. They got the basic idea and they developed it. But there were even people there – good people – who thought that Britain could it alone to build it. Later that was proved to be frankly nonsense. It needed a tremendous investment that frankly would've been impossible in war time in Britain.
Churchill was uncharacteristically slow in responded. We know from the way he behaved that he did, despite his great reverence for FDR; he resented the fact that America was not more forthcoming in its support of the British war effort. He knew that in some ways Britain was ahead of America in military technology. So he was quite cherry about this. And he held off for pretty well two months for replying for that incredibly generous offer.
Not much later Pearl Harbor and the United States is in the war and quite understandably the United States put the foot on the accelerator and starts the Manhattan Project. And then Churchill and his colleagues are playing catchup right?
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: There was a time where there was a good collaboration but I think it fair to characterize the American attitude became, "We're paying for it. We're paying for this stuff here. We've got the scientists. It's going to cost zillions of dollars. This is our project." And by the end of 1942 the British scientists were pretty well frozen out. Churchill in my judgment took his eye off the ball on this one. It was only in about April 1943 that the Churchill common perception so to speak comes into play when he sees that he's being taken for a ride by the American diplomats.
In other words they just say, "Oh fine. Come along sooner or later." And he was not getting direct answers to his, "Why can't we work with you closely as you originally said?"
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: In April 1943 he really is the commanding CEO so to speak. He's commissioning reports. He's asking what's going on. And in August 1943 he finally negotiated a deal with FDR in Quebec that brought Britain into the Manhattan Project so to speak – a modest number (about two dozen scientists) working on the Manhattan Project. But in my view he could've gotten a much, much better deal if he's responded earlier.
Steve Mirsky:He was getting science advice from a physicist he trusted who history has shown to perhaps be not the best judge of what was going on at the time.
Graham Farmelo: That's quite right. The scientist you're referring to is Frederick Lindemann, later Lord Cherwell. Let's call him Lindemann. The first thing to say is that you're absolutely right. Lindemann was hugely influential on Churchill. And let's be really fair to Churchill here but the great thing about Churchill was he needed – he knew he needed scientific advice. Now that's not true of all politicians I think it fair to say right?
Steve Mirsky: I think that's really – When you look at the U.S. House of Representatives it's pretty obvious some of them don't think they need scientific advice.
Graham Farmelo: I'm a mere foreigner. I can't comment. [laughter]
Steve Mirsky: [laughter]
Graham Farmelo: But no to be fair we must say that – Let me just segue just a second and say that to me the most remarkable thing in writing this book is that Churchill did not find science easy. He found mathematics incredibly difficult. But he knew he needed to know something about it. And when he was a _____ ____ in India he was sitting there in the torrid Indian afternoons reading about science, reading about Darwin, reading general science books right? He knew he needed to know about this stuff.
In the early 1920s he was befriended by Lindemann who took over from H. G. Wells as his main influence. And as a result of that Churchill wrote some astonishingly farsighted articles that looked forward to the possibility of harnessing nuclear weapons.
Steve Mirsky: Why don't we take a little detour for a second? Because there's a fascinating article that Churchill wrote. Talk about that for just two seconds.
Graham Farmelo: Yeah no this is hardly a detour. It's exactly what we're talking about. This was the article 50 years hence. Now this was drafted by Lindemann.
Steve Mirsky: Uh-huh.
Graham Farmelo: Churchill sprinkled pixie dust on it, gave a Churchillian sheen to this thing and what this article did; it looked ahead to what science and technology may do particularly to warfare in 50 years.
Steve Mirsky: And it was written in –?
Graham Farmelo: 1931.
Steve Mirsky: 1931 okay.
Graham Farmelo: '31 right? And it was a big success. And it was a big success on both sides of the Atlantic. Churchill regarded this as a serious piece of journalism. And he actually said that. It's not just me making it up here. He said that right? And in this he's talking about lab cultivated meat. So we're talking about – what is it – the $250,000.00 hamburger.
Steve Mirsky: Right. [laughter]
Graham Farmelo: Now many people are saying, "Look Churchill foresaw this." I don't think that's stretching it too far. He foresaw drones, what we now call drones – you know these machines going across the desert and across land you know taking weapons remotely into other territories. But the thing that is particularly important for this story is that he realized that nuclear energy was in principle tappable. What you need is a match to "light the bonfire" as he put it.
And he was absolutely right. He was well-briefed by Lindemann. He knew that if we could find a way of tapping nuclear energy what lie ahead. Well it could be huge quantities of clean energy and it also could be nuclear weapons. And he wrote about this several times. This is the point. Not just there but he wrote about it in newspaper articles read by millions of people. His final one was just – I think it was eight weeks before the discovery of nuclear fission, which is astounding that he knew better than any other international politician that this was in the offing so to speak.
And yet as we've said he was really quite slow for someone so well-informed to be on the ball, which that to me is the most surprising thing about this. But going back to our story he was very happy that he got those British scientists onto the Manhattan Project in 1943, but then again took his eye off the ball. And he was left with people like James Chadwick, the discoverer of the neutron which was the particle that did enable that nuclear energy to be tapped.
He was leading the British contingent with a house right next to where the Oppenheimer – on the hill – but we now call it Los Alamos.
Steve Mirsky: So what did Lindemann –? What was Lindemann's view that dissuaded Churchill from engaging more fully earlier?
Graham Farmelo: Lindemann found it very tough to concede in those early 1940s that Britain couldn't do it. Remember not that many decades before Britain was the world's leading power. It was running the show. And the balance of power had by then of course changed to the United States. And it was tough to him to accept that this was a product so huge that Britain could not handle it on its own. And in my judgment that Britain could've gotten a much better deal if they'd settled earlier and gotten closer to the running of the project.
But they didn't. But they did get back into the games somehow with a modest role on the Manhattan Project. Lindemann – His judgment was always poor on – No I shouldn't say always. It was normally poor on this. He was a very good scientist in his youth. There's no doubt about that. But like many scientists, when it gets into a position of power and lots of administration his judgment on nuclear matters, which was brand new physics in those days, was not good.
Even a few months before the first nuclear bomb was detonated he doubted whether it would work. Where the physicists at the time were really extremely confident he just somehow couldn't believe that nature could allow this to be built. He wasn't alone in that but I'm saying his judgment wasn't that brilliant in this field. So although Churchill picked a scientist, in my judgment it was a grave error of his to rely so heavily on Lindemann for his scientific input.
Steve Mirsky: In return for allowing the two dozen British researchers into the Manhattan Project what was Britain going to get from that deal?
Graham Farmelo: Well James Chadwick, discoverer of the neutron; he always thought that Britain had played this right. He actually thought, to be fair, that America was generous to allow this because they were paying. They were picking up the tab. The idea was that Britain would learn from this gigantic project – colossal project – how to build weapons that they thought will, and indeed exploit a nuclear energy for power after the war. That was the thinking.
Jumping ahead slightly after the war the agreement that Churchill had struck with FDR – Remember FDR died shortly before the end of the Second World War.
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: Churchill was thrown out of office shortly before the end of the war. That agreement came to nothing. And America went it alone and Britain was left to build its own weapon which was deeply, deeply hurtful to the British scientists who had briefed their American colleagues on that topic.
Steve Mirsky: Now this arrangement between FDR and Churchill was completely extra-legal wasn't it?
Graham Farmelo: [laughter] That's an interesting – Now I don't – I'm not a lawyer but it was certainly very secret. Hardly anyone knew about it.
Steve Mirsky: Yeah I mean the one that really didn't come to fruition – the one where the U.S. said, "We'll go halfsies on this and we'll share all the information." Usually something like that would have to pass some congressional scrutiny. And as you say once Churchill is out of office and FDR is dead there's nobody there to honor – I mean that agreement didn't go through full bore anyway – B-O-R-E not B-H-O-R or B-O-H-R. I always forget how Bohr spelled his name.
Anyway it's just really interesting that these two guys – prime minister and president – but basically two guys without a legal structure behind this idea of, "Let's work together on this mega-weapon and we'll just share all the information," just decided to discuss it that way.
Graham Farmelo: That's the ____ of it Steve. You're right. They treated – Both of them treated nuclear weapons as a personal fiefdom right?
Steve Mirsky:Yeah.
Graham Farmelo: Congress knew nothing about this expenditure. Parliament knew nothing about the expenditure. Well now, hold on, we mustn't be completely naive here. You are not going to be completely open about something as delicate as that. But I think it perfectly fair to say that they were exceptionally secretive. Very few people in Churchill's circle and – I mean Harry Truman –
Steve Mirsky: Right.
Graham Farmelo: He came to the presidency having virtually no idea that the bomb was being made.
Steve Mirsky: Yeah.
Graham Farmelo:And of course a few weeks later he was having to decide whether to use it or not. And actually part of that deal was that Churchill had to counter-sign that. They had a say in each other's policy which I suspect Congress would not have accepted. But you're absolutely right. It was highly questionable and it fell apart. And I don't think that that agreement was a particularly brilliant piece of work. But to be fair to Churchill it did get Britain back in and have at least a toe hold into that project.
It's really important to stress one other way in which the Churchill and FDR might conceivably have done things better, although we must always bear in mind the difficulty of handling a topic like this in the fog of war so to speak. And that is that the great – Arguably the greatest nuclear living scientist living at that time – Niels Bohr was flown out of occupied Denmark. This was in 1943.
Steve Mirsky: The famous story of his head being so large allegedly that they were afraid they wouldn't be able to get the oxygen mask on his face.
Graham Farmelo: He spent most of the journey unconscious for that reason. They didn't have head gear big enough. So he arrived in Britain knowing nothing about this project. And can imagine he was completely gobsmacked. He had said before that it was unthinkable that you could actually separate that much of this very rare isotope to build this bomb. And here it was a country – almost entirely the United States – setting up one of its top five industries from scratch to build this weapon.
Steve Mirsky: And most of that work – Most of that industrial effort is going into separating out the U 235 from the U 238.
Graham Farmelo: Even now frankly, having written a book about this, it boggles my mind the size of that project. I mean effectively you had three countries working at it: Canada, the United States, and Britain; of course America by far the biggest player. No question about that. But it was a gigantic project. And Bohr who is – Paul Dirac the subject of my previous book; he said Bohr was the cleverest man – probably the cleverest man he ever met, which is some going.
Steve Mirsky: Right. He met a lot of clever guys.
Graham Farmelo: He met a lot of clever guys. Bohr had an unusual take on this. And it did shake up London initially 'cause that's where he was working in the offices of the guys running this project, but subsequently in the Manhattan Project which he visited because he visited Oppenheimer and colleagues at what we now call Los Alamos. And he saw this as a hopeful project. He said if you have this gigantic bomb this could crudely speaking – If the big countries have this, this could deter people from making war.
Steve Mirsky: Mm-hmm.
Graham Farmelo: And what he advocated very strongly was that Britain and America – mainly America – should bring Stalin – Joe Stalin – an ally fighting Hitler into this secret (broadly speaking) to avoid the obvious outcome of mistrust. Because remember they were allies. And Joe Stalin, according to Churchill and FDR, knew nothing about this project. That's what they believed – wrongly as it turned out because of his spies. But officially Stalin knew nothing about this.
Bohr argued for a greater openness in this. Churchill saw him in May 1944 and Churchill treated him disgracefully frankly. He was with Lindemann. They met in Downing Street. And to quote Churchill Bohr and Lindemann were treated like schoolboys. It was shortly before D-Day. Churchill was very preoccupied. That's true to say. But he wanted nothing whatever to do with this intruder – this Danish intruder – who to be fair was not an articulate speaker.
He wasn't Churchill's kind of guy. He was a mumbler. He was incoherent. But nonetheless he had valuable things to say. And to be fair to Lindemann and to be fair to the other people they repeatedly briefed Churchill on this. But they're right, this guy is not – He's not the Shakespeare of language. But he has interesting, powerful things to say. Churchill wanted nothing to do with it. Later Bohr had an audience with FDR. And FDR in his characteristic way was hail fellow well-___, wonderful idea and then completely ignored him.
As it turned out we know that when the terrible Cold War that followed the Second World War there was this appalling arms race that was incredibly expensive for all the participants. And I have to say my view is that if Churchill and FDR had been more thoughtful about Bohr and taken a bit more notice then the worst of that arms race could've been avoided. You could never be sure. Stalin was a deeply suspicious person. You could never be absolutely certain.
But I don't think it's to the credit of either Churchill or FDR that they paid so little attention when their scientists were saying, "This guy has actually got something useful to say."
Steve Mirsky: We'll be back with more. By the way remember the Audible special offer you heard about at the beginning of this episode. You can take advantage of it to get the full unabridged 14-hour and 20-minute recording of Churchill's Bomb by Graham Farmelo. Just go to Graham and Farmelo and I will be right back in part two
[End of Audio]
Also check out The Manhattan Project and the Met
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Discussion Forum : Revivals And Church History : Fire From Heaven
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Joined: 2002/12/11
Posts: 31557
"Pilgrim and Sojourner." - 1 Peter 2:11
Fire From Heaven
[b]Fire From Heaven[/b]
[i]by Del Fehsenfeld Jr.[/i]
It had been an exhausting day. The hot sun beat down on the parched earth. The crowd had sat under the cloudless sky for what seemed like an eternity - silent spectators in this play-off between Baal and Jehovah. Jehovah's side was hopelessly outnumbered - the odds, 850 to 1 in favor of Baal.
Silently they watched and waited and wondered, as the prophets of Baal tried first one tactic and then another to persuade the god of lightning and fire to prove himself and send fire from heaven. They pled, they appealed. Unsuccessful, they began to cry out more earnestly, to cajole, to demand that Baal heed them and send fire. Still no answer. Still no fire.
Undaunted, they persisted in leaping upon the altar, and in cutting themselves until the blood flowed - desperate, vain attempts to prove their sincerity to Baal and to see some evidence - any evidence - of spiritual reality. But there was no sign of fire from heaven - not even a spark. In fact, there had been no movement of any kind in the heavens for more than three years - no fire, no rain, no voice, no reality.
Weary with the exercise in futility, desire turned to disappointment and defeat.
At this point in the familiar account, one cannot help but notice some striking similarities to the church in our day.
By and large, we are not lacking in activity, fervor, or attempts to obtain spiritual power. To the contrary, our church calendars are bulging with services, retreats, conferences, and programs. We are making lots of noise. We are busy, earnest, and perhaps, sincere. But still, there is a deafening silence in the heavens. There is no fire. It's not that we're not trying. We are. But, apparently, all of our programs, promotions, meetings, buses, budgets, baptisms, committees, and conventions have failed to produce the one thing which we most desperately need - fire from heaven.
And while the spiritual leaders and activists are busily trying to produce sparks, the average church member sits back with the rest of the world - waiting, watching, and wondering. Oh yes, theologically they know that Jehovah is the only true God of fire. But can they be blamed for asking deep within themselves questions they would never dare to verbalize? Is God really as powerful as their pastor claims He is? After all, they've never seen anything truly supernatural or unexplainable. Most of the "spiritual" results they've seen can be accounted for in purely human terms.
Into the arena now steps a solitary figure. For years he has been a fugitive from the king whose wrath he incurred three years earlier. One would expect him to cower in the presence of the offended monarch. After all, he stands to lose his life. But, no, he is secure, assured, and bold.
Now he is calling to the people to listen. They gather around him somewhat skeptically. This man has always been something of an oddity - a real contrast to the other religious leaders of his day. His has always been a minority voice. His message cuts across the grain of what is traditional and palatable. His challenge to "get off the fence" and take a public stand for Baal or Jehovah, makes the average person uncomfortable. They'd rather not commit themselves.
Now he directs their attention to the altar of Jehovah. Unused for many years, it is in a state of disrepair. One by one, he selects 12 large stones and constructs an altar. He prepares the sacrifice and places it on the altar. Nothing out of the ordinary yet.
But then he catches them off guard. Turning to the crowd, he directs them to fill four barrels full of water and pour them on the sacrifice.
What?! Has he lost his mind? Anyone knows wet wood won't burn! And, even more importantly, doesn't this strange man know that it hasn't rained for over three years? They are down to the last few days of their meager water supply.
"Fill four barrels full ..."
"He sounds crazy to me - but, on the other hand, this may be the only hope we've got. After all, Baal hasn't done anything to help us ..."
"What a waste! We're all going to die!"
"Do it again ..."
"There goes the last drop of water we've got. It's never cost me so much to serve God!"
Then a short, simple prayer, and ... FIRE! No matches. No kerosene. No magic tracks. No gyrations. No pretending. Just fire. Real fire. Fire that licks up the water and utterly consumes the sacrifice, the wood, the stones - even the dust on the ground. Fire from heaven. The fire of God.
What Is the Fire of God?
I do not know of any greater need in the church today than for the fire of God to fall. Just what do we mean by the fire of God?
I'm talking about the manifest presence and glory of God. I'm talking about the supernatural power of God. I'm talking about services that are more than just nice meetings with nice music and nice preaching. I'm talking about results that cannot be explained in terms of human effort. I'm talking about that which man cannot program, manipulate, plan, or make happen. I'm talking about something more than the ordinary operation of the Holy Spirit in the lives of His people. I'm talking about the extraordinary outpouring of His Spirit. I'm talking about the fire of God.
What Does the Fire Do?
When the fire falls, we see God for who He really is. Both the Old and New Testaments reveal God to be a God of fire. In the 20th century, we have come to teach and worship two Gods - "the God of the Old Testament," who is loving, merciful, and gracious. But the God of the Old Testament is the same as the God of the New Testament. At Mt. Sinai, where the law was given, God revealed Himself with "lightnings and thunderings and voices." Then, in the last book of the Bible, the Apostle John was given a glimpse into the Throne Room of Heaven. Out of the throne "proceeded lightnings and thunderings and voices."
What we have today is a concept of God as a gray-haired, cosmic grandfather, siting in a rocking chair, pushing buttons, passively tolerating and winking at the sin in the world and the church.
But God has not changed since Mt. Sinai. The only difference in John's vision is that there is a Lamb next to the throne. He has given His life to satisfy the wrath of a holy God against our sin. But God is no less holy or just. He is no less a God of wrath and judgment against those who spurn the provision of the cross by sinning willfully.
When the fire falls, God comes. And when God shows up, people are more comfortable on their face on the floor, than sitting in a pew. The Beloved Apostle John fell back, terrorized at the vision of God. Even the seraphims in Isaiah's vision had to cover their faces from the overwhelming view of God's holiness and glory.
Dear Friend, how long has it been since you've seen God? How long since you have been overcome by the awareness of His holiness and a sense of your unworthiness before Him?
When the fire falls, it consumes everything that is unholy, earthly, or temporal. The fire of God purifies, purges, melts, and devours, for "our God is a consuming fire" (Hebrews 12:29). God is like a refiner's fire (Malachi 3:2) that brings impurities to the surface, and exposes and consumes them.
When the fire falls, sin is judged and dealt with thoroughly and uncompromisingly - not just the obvious sins of the flesh, but subtle, secret sins of the spirit, as well. Masks of respectability are pulled off, pretense stripped away, and the souls of men laid bare before the gaze of an all-seeing, all-knowing God.
When the fire comes, there is deep, heart conviction and grief over sin. The intense searchlight of God's holiness makes things once thought acceptable, to suddenly become abhorrent. Indifference is turned to mourning. A casual attitude toward sin is replaced by brokenness and genuine repentance.
When the fire falls, the efforts and works of believers are tested. Much of what appeared to be spiritual activity, is exposed to be nothing more than fleshly effort and is consumed as wood, hay, and stubble.
When the fire falls, our traditional methods and programs are all yielded to His Lordship and the Holy Spirit begins to preside in reality over the workings and operation of His Church. When the fire falls, there is power, there is life, there is purity, there is spontaneity, there is reality.
Where is the fire of God today? Where is the evidence of His presence and power? Where is the sense of awe, of wonder, of fear in His presence? Where are the tears of brokenness and contrition? Where are lost people falling on their faces, overcome by the reality of God's presence in the midst of His people? What church in your community is known to have the fire of God? In what Sunday School class, what home, what mom, dad, or teen-ager is the fire present?
Why Don't We Have the Fire?
1. In many cases, we don't have the fire of God because we don't think we need it. We are content to live without it. The Israelites didn't think they needed fire. They thought they needed water. They focused on their felt need, while being blind to their real need. But once the fire came, then the rain came.
For the most part, our nation, churches, homes, and lives today are devoid of the glory and power of God. But when asked to state our needs, we speak of needing bigger buildings, more money, more volunteers, better staff, more equipment, etc. Why can't we see that our real need is for God Himself?
We have sinned against God and He has withdrawn His manifest presence from us. But our eyes have grown accustomed to the darkness. We have gotten used to functioning in our own effort. Hardly anyone questions the authenticity of our results. Someone has said that if the Holy Spirit were taken out of the average church, 95 percent of the program would just keep right on going.
We have become blinded to our true spiritual condition and need. Like the Laodicean church, we think we are "rich, increased with goods, and have need of nothing."
I hear Christian leaders today speak of how Christianity is flourishing. Others insist we are in the throes of revival. If that is the case, then why is every form of moral impurity rampant in our evangelical, Bible-preaching churches? Why is the divorce rate as high in the church as it is in the world? Why do the vast majority of Christians never introduce anyone to Christ? Why do people laugh their way down the aisle to make "decisions"?
Why are our churches loaded with people who want a part-time, convenient, weekend Christian experience and who show no serious interest in spiritual growth? Why do pastors have to twist people's arms to give, to serve, to get involved in the work of the ministry? Why are church splits so common? Why are so many professing Christians barren, empty, hurting, confused, and in spiritual bondage? Why is the world so utterly disinterested in what we have to offer?
As long as we think we're doing all right, we will never be motivated to cry out to God to send fire from heaven.
2. I believe another reason we don't have the fire is that we really don't want it. Oh, we say that we do. But what too many of us really want is the kind of "fire" that will draw attention to our church, pack our auditoriums, increase our offerings, and solve all our problems. We don't want the fire that will consume, destroy, expose, root up, burn, and hurt. We're afraid of what might happen if God appeared on the scene. We want a tidy religious experience that we can control.
Furthermore, we don't want the kind of preaching that precedes revival. I have found that many people want nothing but encouragement and "love" from the pulpit. They don't want the truth! Preaching on sin, repentance, holiness, brokenness, or confession is considered negative. "You're putting people on a guilt trip. You'll damage their self-esteem." I wish we were half as concerned about people having a proper view of God as we are about people having a proper view of themselves! Deceived by the world, our ego-centric theology has become more concerned about self-image than about God's image.
3. We don't have the fire of God because we don't believe it can happen today. In order to justify our impotence, we have dispensationalized away most of God's Word. "That's Old Testament!" "God doesn't work that way today." A serious study of the history of revival reveals that every revival is, in a sense, a repetition of what took place on the Day of Pentecost. The Spirit is poured out upon His people in an extra-ordinary way, and the manifest presence and power of God are released.
But in our concern to avoid the excesses and abuses of certain movements, we have denied altogether the possibility of a supernatural outpouring of the Holy Spirit. We don't pray for miracles, because we don't really believe that God still does miracles in the 20th century!
4. Finally, we don't have the fire of God, because we aren't willing to pay the price to get it.
We want an instantaneous, costless, painless revival. We want all the positive results and benefits of revival - all at little or no cost. We want gain without pain. We want the joy of new life without going through the travail of labor pains. We want healing, without surgery. We want joy without mourning. We want to enter into the power of the Resurrection, without first suffering the agony of the Cross. We want our schedules and programs and institutions to stay intact - we want a minimum of disruption or interference with our plans and traditions.
Revival involves a process - a process that requires plowing up the hardened, uncultivated ground of our hearts, before there can be planting of the seed, and ultimately, a harvest. The plowing is painful. But it cannot be circumvented. And it takes time. Yes, time is an unavoidable part of the price. Weekend, mini "revivals" may be easier to fit into our schedules, but they are unlikely to result in genuine revival.
Elijah had been in a process of preparation and purification for 3-1/2 years, before God sent the fire. And the people of Israel had suffered the consequences of their sin for the same period of time before they got desperate enough for God to send the fire.
We're too busy to listen to God. God meets with those who wait for Him (Isaiah 64:4), but we want Him to send the fire on our timetable. And He'd better be through by noon! Friend, God simply will not fit into our plans, our schedules, or our timetables. He is God! And He must be given the freedom to operate as He wills, on His schedule.
If God is going to send the fire, we've got to be willing, if necessary, to discard our man-made traditions, methods, structures, and programs, to make room for Him. It's not that those things are wrong, in and of themselves. But for too many of us, they have become gods. Anything that has become more essential to us than His presence, is part of the price He will require.
There certainly will be no fire until the sacrifice has been offered. For the Israelites, it meant placing their water supply on the altar. God didn't need water. But when He had their water supply, then He had them. And that's what He wanted all along.
I don't know what sacrifice God may require of you or your church. He may ask you to surrender your reputation and what others think of you. He may ask you to bear criticism, misunderstanding, and rejection from those whose opinions matter most to you. He may ask you to quit your job. He may ask you to put your life savings or retirement fund on the altar. Ultimately, it is ourselves that God wants to be laid on the altar.
Let me ask you a question. Do you want the fire? How badly do you want it? What price are you willing to pay to get it?
Are you willing to sacrifice that which is most precious to you? Are you discontent to go on living without it? If so, join me in crying out to the God of Elijah, the God of Fire:
Revive us again;
Fill each heart with Thy love.
May each soul be rekindled
With fire from above.
Hallelujah, Thine the glory;
Hallelujah, Amen.
Hallelujah, Thine the glory;
Revive us again!
SermonIndex.net Moderator - Greg Gordon
"The preacher who is concerned with gaining a reputation, rising in his profession, is always in bondage. The itch for bigness is a dangerous thing. It has made a castaway of many a man whom God once richly blessed. A man should desire to be neither larger nor smaller than pleases God. Better than that, he should not bother at all about how large or how small but rather how faithful he shall be." - Vance Havner
2006/8/13 17:59Profile
Joined: 2006/6/28
Posts: 3356
Central Texas
Re: Fire From Heaven
This is very good and blunt. Cuts to the quick. The fire is departed. As Ravenhill said, we are trying to work something UP in church, when all along God needs to send something DOWN. Oh, when will our pastors and deacons see this! I'm so tired of fireless services. Send thy holy, purging flame and torch my heart O God! Burn away all the dross till I'm pure and clean and refined for your sole purpose and pleasure...and then use my vessel to glorify your name in all holiness, love and purity.
Bro. Paul
SermonIndex.net Moderator - Paul West
"On the top of those very billows, which look as if they would overwhelm us, walks the Son of God." Oswald Chambers
2006/8/14 1:26Profile
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The best sex of my life was during my teen years as a wild, young gang-banger in L.A. There was never a shortage of bitches throwing themselves at tall, muscular, hard cocked men like me. And if there was resistance from a woman, me and my boys would undoubtedly find a way to fuck her anyway. Fucking rival gang members' girlfriends by force became an effective weapon in turf wars. I even had some women fall in love with me after some forced sex acts-- they were so impressed with my cock and performance they wanted more! By my mid-teens, I'd participated in a number or consensual and non-consensual gang-bangs. I fucked a different piece of ass every night through my teens.
Definitely one of the hottest bitches I ever fucked with was the slut sister of one of the boys in my gang. I'd heard stories about her slutty ways and cock teasing, tales that made my own prick rock hard with lust. She fucked teachers at school, her family members, strangers, and gang members all day long. It was my understanding that she was trained as an expert cock sucker by her brother and dad, and was eager to please men of all ages.
I first met her (if you could call it that) when I walked into my boy J.J.'s basement to a crowd of around two dozen or so big strong black men crowding around the pool table. There she was, a young 15yr old slut with hair in pig tails, an innocent look on her freckled face and her legs spread wide open, exposing moist, white cotton panties under her little plaid skirt. Nude from the waist up, my cock jumped at the sight of her well formed titties. They were a perky, beautiful overflowing handful. Her belly was taut and tan. She raised a finger to her lips, and then rubbed her moistened finger against the slit of her little cunt, visible through her white panties. I could see her delicious looking nipples harden with her arousal.
The men cheered, stroking their cocks through their boxers or jerking huge exposed cocks, pants around ankles. I quickly began stroking my own raging boner. Men swarmed the pool table, licking on her pussy through the little white panties until they were so wet they were translucent, and her sweet pussy was clearly visible. J.J. got up on the pool table near her head and slapped his cock on her face, and she eagerly sucked on it while pulling on her hard nipples. Someone pulled her panties down to her knees, exposing her perfectly smooth pussy for the men to begin fingering and licking. I made my way up to the table and began sucking on one of her perfect nipples. I pulled my cock out of my underwear and jerked it right there at her face. She began alternating between sucks of my cock and her brother’s.
The men started pulling on her like vultures at the sight of her sucking some cocks, two men spreading each leg wide open so that her little cunt could be devoured. I could see her little clit was hard as a rock from all the attention. She was moaning and gasping with pleasure. Her body was small, so the men easily pulled her around, sticking tongues in her every orifice. Cocks were rubbed all over her ripening tits. Someone stuck a finger in her ass, then a tongue up in her pussy simultaneously, making her scream out. All the men were ready to fuck, with raging cocks in hand. Judging by J.J.'s sister's moans and cries, she was ready to fuck, too.
A couple men lifted her up off the pool table and easily carried her petite body to a mattress in the middle of the floor. A gang bang porno was playing on the huge TV behind the mattress. Once on the mattress the men continued licking and fingering her pussy while she sucked cock after cock. Nobody shot their loads though-- everyone was waiting for her pussy or her ass. J.J. finally stepped forward, his 8" prick in hand, and rubbed his swollen cockhead against her cuntlips.
"Ah, sis, I love how you're down to fuck everything and anything!" And with that he pressed his cock into her pussy and started fucking her. She squealed with delight, and more cocks were stuffed into her mouth. I rubbed my cock against her pert breasts while J.J. fucked her wildly, her legs raised high on his shoulders. His balls began slapping against her ass with his thrusts. It felt good rubbing my cock in between her bouncing breasts. I saw J.J. pull his cock out of her pussy for a moment, plunge it into her asshole without warning for a few pumps, and then stuff it into her pussy again. He began alternating between her pussy and ass for a few minutes before focusing his attention deep in her pussy again, fucking her cunt with all his might as he grabbed her breasts. He moaned with his release, throwing his head back, erupting cum inside her. After a minute he pulled his dripping cock from her cunt, having deposited his seed deep up inside her womb.
Another man quickly replaced him, spreading her legs wide open to fuck her little pussy deep and hard. She was surrounded by huge strong black men stroking massive erections, this young, petite Latina slut, her perfect body being used as a cum dumpster by all these big dicked thugs. She screamed and moaned, fuck #2 of the gang-bang making her start to sweat. The second guy dumped his load deep inside her. She moaned and rubbed her pussy, her hole now starting to leak a little cum. I stepped up to her leaking pussy and became fuck #3.
Her small body lay beneath mine on the mattress, her taut belly now slick with sweat, she was breathing heavily, breasts heaving. A sparkling belly piercing stood out against her firm, tan skin. Her face was pretty, the freckles making her look so innocent. I watched as she sucked a cock, oblivious to me about to penetrate her. Taking my hard cock in hand, I rubbed it against her puckered little asshole which then got her attention. She squealed while I teased her ass with my cockhead, but I didn't actually penetrate her. I then took my cock and plunged it into her pussy. She screamed out beneath me as I fucked her at a frenetic pace. I fucked her so hard she couldn't even suck any of the nearby cocks; the men stood around jacking off while I fucked her brains out.
I knew I had a huge cock, 11" hard and straight as an arrow. After my initial wild animal fucking, I slowed down so I could watch her pussy swallow my entire cock. I could tell I was deep inside her womb, and thought to myself how I could so easily impregnate the bitch if she wasn’t on the Pill. I had no idea if she was or not. She moaned and writhed below me as I started rubbing on her clit. She was so wet from the previous cum deposits that my dick was glazed with cum and her own lubrication. I continued rubbing her clit but started fucking her harder as she moaned loudly. Feeling her pussy squeeze and spasm around my hot, hard prick, I was almost certain she was orgasming. The feeling of her pussy contracting sent me over the edge, and I jammed my cock into her again deep into the womb and unleashed my seed into her while grabbing her waist hard. She was breathless beneath me as I pulled my dripping cock out of her used pussy.
The next man had her get on top of him, facing away from him, while he fucked her in the ass, first dipping his huge cock into her wet pussy for lubrication and then placing his cock to her asshole. His dick was at least as big as mine, so some effort was required to stuff it in her asshole. Her asshole swallowed his cockhead, and he allowed her to get used to the intrusion of cock in her ass. Her pussy bulged out lusciously with her ass full of cock. Once halfway in, he began mercilessly fucking her asshole with reckless abandon. J.J. started eating out her pussy while she was getting anally fucked, inserting first one, then two, then three fingers into her cunt while sucking her clit until the guy doing the fucking had her get on her knees so he could fuck her ass from behind. Her ultra aroused pussy glistened with J.J.’s spit and her own lubrication; I was mesmerized watching her pussy bulge out while her ass was stuffed. The intense pace of his hard fucking and his strong muscular body her made her collapse under the pressure, and he continued to fuck her as she was sprawled flat on the mattress. A few guys were stuffing their cocks in her mouth. He pounded her flattened body, grunting like an animal as he fucked her hard up the ass. Groaning, he shot his load way up in her bowels.
After that, the next 4 guys fucked her up the ass while she was mostly doggy style, grabbing onto her firm tits or fingering her clit madly as they fucked her hard. Her pussy hole dripped cum as her ass was pounded. The 9th guy decided to fuck her cunt as she rode on top of him. She threw her head back, fondling her tits while riding the cock. I watched for several minutes, and then walked up and put my cock to her asshole. She stopped, surprised, but leaned forward to allow me to stuff my cock in her ass for a double penetration. Her asshole was juicy so my cock slid in pretty easily but still felt nice and tight around my raging prick. I pushed my cock in as far as I could, until my balls were pressing against her ass, gripping her waist tight, and then the guy below her and I began sawing into her holes while she clawed us and moaned. I could feel other men’s sperm dripping out of her asshole as I fucked it. The other guy and I began fucking her at a harder and faster pace. Men were still slapping her face with cocks for her to breathlessly suck on.
After a few minutes of hard fucking, I unleashed my load into her ass and pulled out of her sloppy hole. From then on out, after I initialized the double penetration, she was stuffed with cocks simultaneously in her ass and cunt. Her holes were dripping spunk; the puddle that formed beneath her on the mattress expanding. Slimy hands were wiping cum onto her tits and on her face as she continued getting fucked. She was sweating furiously by now. The room was filled with the sound of her squelching pussy and balls being slapped against her ass and thighs. I loved seeing her holes stuffed with cocks, seeing balls pressed hard against her ass cheeks. So did her brother J.J. He was proud of his slutty little sister, and was eagerly plowing his cock into her pussy while a huge guy with a veiny footlong cock fucked her ass. Then, a third guy came up and stuck his cock in one of her holes for a triple penetration-- I couldn’t tell which hole it was-- and just watched in awe as the screaming slut was stuffed full of glistening meat. The crowd jacked furiously to the sight of the young girl full of cock.
Shortly after J.J. deposited his seed into her womb yet again and the other guy came in her ass, two other men tool their place in her cum soaked holes while J.J. walked upstairs. Her belly bulged out from the double penetration, both men inside of her at least 10” long. J.J. came down several minutes later with a huge leashed Rottweiler. Then men in the room cheered out, knowing what was to come. His sister gasped when she saw the dog.
“Come on sis, I love seeing you fucked like a dog,” said J.J. The two men that were fucking her came quickly inside her cunt and ass, knowing they were about to witness a hot dog fuck. J.J. brought the dog close to his sister’s face so that she could rub his sheath and start playing with its cock. The large animal began getting excited, its pink prick beginning to descend inch by inch. Her pussy and assholes gaped open obscenely, with cum dripping out of both holes. When the dog started humping air, J.J. led the animal behind his sister, who was on all fours for her dog fuck. J.J. teased her by letting the dog’s cock graze her asshole, making her shriek. He then helped place the dog cock at her wet pussy lips and let the dog hump at her. The massive animal tightly wrapped its front legs around her waist, and once the beast felt its cock within bitch pussy it rammed its prick into her as hard as possible.
The beast began fucking her with a manic pace impossibly fast for humans, making her cry out and moan with pleasure. It seemed well trained to fuck the girl. I could see globs of human cum dripping out of her cunt as the dog fucked her rapidly. Her titties bounced furiously with the force of the dog fucking. I saw her reach below and rub her clit while the dog plowed into her, and she cried out that the dog’s cock was expanding inside her. The men were all still standing around stroking hard cocks at the raunchy sight; some walked up and shot their loads in her mouth while the beast fucked her.
After several minutes of jackhammer fucking, we could see the softball sized knot that had formed at the base of the animal’s prick was pressed against her wet pussy, and she was grinding on it and moaning. She cried out that the dog was cumming gallons inside of her, and we saw the animal plunge hard into her once more, shoving the knot into her cunt as she screamed. We could see cum dripping out as the huge beast became still. Its large furry body completely covering the petite bitch’s body. The men that had been standing around jerking off to the scene were spurting their cum in her face, in her mouth, on her back, on the dog. I went up to her and shoved my cock in her mouth, throwing my head back as my seed erupted deep in her throat.
The dog stayed knotted to his bitch for about 10 minutes, then easily slid out of her used up pussy. Cum flowed out, human and animal, when the animal withdrew his 8” cock and knot. Most of the men retreated to play pool or sit around smoking and drinking, while J.J.’s sister passed out on the cum soaked mattress. At least a half a dozen people fucked her holes or came on her face while she was passed out. Finally someone shoved a baseball bat inside her cunt to plug up the sperm inside it, and it was jammed inside her when she awoke.
She was a sexy little bitch. I heard later that she had gotten knocked up during the gang bang that night, and could only wonder if it was my seed that impregnated the little slut. For now I just look back on that night, jerking off furiously to the hot memory of gang banging J.J.’s young sister.
2014-07-09 21:52:52
i had my first gangbang when i was young too and i love it still do along with dogs
anonymous readerReport
2013-06-06 02:36:52
I think it's a little too late to say "that's someone's daughter!!"
anonymous readerReport
2011-10-08 15:37:44
.there are guys out there with 11 to 12 inches a friend from my teen years and i experiment with a bi sex at 15 he was a good thick 8 and my arse to it first go with a little pain by the time he was 17 he was just over 11 and as thick as a soft drink can and still to this day we get together for some fun and i can take him up to his balls in my arse and love it i would like to find bigger and thicker but havent yet
anonymous readerReport
2011-06-07 18:46:07
This is a fucking hot story!! Keep writing stuff like this! ;p
2011-05-12 23:44:03
Yes, from my own experiences with drunk friends running around doing lascivious group things, I've seen at least one guy who was 10" if not two. I love writing gangbangs!
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FILM CLIPS / Also opening today
Published 4:00 am, Friday, May 24, 2002
• Jericho (Dougray Scott) in Enigma. Photo: HANDOUT
Jericho (Dougray Scott) in Enigma. Photo: HANDOUT
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Thriller. Starring Dougray Scott, Kate Winslet, Saffron Burrows and Jeremy Northam. Directed by Michael Apted. Written by Tom Stoppard. (R. 117 minutes. At the Clay, Shattuck in Berkeley, Camera in San Jose, Guild in Menlo Park and Century 5 in Pleasant Hill.)
Depressed by the end of a once-in-a-lifetime affair (and with baggy eyes that announce his woeful condition), Tom Jericho still musters every ounce of strength -- and brain power -- he has to help England crack the Nazis' U-boat code in "Enigma," the sublime new film from director Michael Apted and a consortium of other famous filmmakers.
"Enigma" is the name of the machine used by the Nazis to encrypt military messages. It could also describe Jericho (Dougray Scott), a brilliant but moody mathematician who's obsessed with his luscious ex-paramour Claire (Saffron Burrows), a code-breaking assistant who may have given secrets to the Germans.
Claire is definitely enigmatic. Her sudden disappearance from Bletchley Park, the code-breakers' headquarters north of London, raises suspicions that she's a Nazi collaborator or was murdered by someone who is. With help from Claire's roommate, Hester (a studious-looking Kate Winslet in one of her better performances), Jericho races to solve the clues that can save his sanity and the fate of the Allies.
For most of its 117 minutes, "Enigma" delivers a powerful story from World War II that's based on real events. Tom Stoppard (working from Robert Harris' best-selling novel) wrote the screenplay for "Enigma," Lorne Michaels and Mick Jagger produced it, and John Barry composed the music, rounding out the Who's Who of the film. Despite the romantic couplings portrayed in "Enigma," this isn't a feel-good movie. It can't be when one of its keys is the 1940 Katyn massacre of Polish officers in western Russia. Instead, think of "Enigma" as a cerebral thriller about the horror of war and the hope that people had in spite of it.
Advisory: This film contains some nudity, violence and scenes of dead bodies.
-- Jonathan Curiel
Drama. Starring Stephanie Bennett. Directed by Henry Barrial. Written by Bennett and Barrial. (Not rated. 77 minutes. At the UA Galaxy.)
Confessional gut-spilling -- the kind that makes one want to turn away and shout, "Stop! Stop! Too much information!" -- is reaching new depths in "Some Body," a quasi-autobiographical tale of a young woman's plunge into partying, booze and recreational sex.
Co-writer Stephanie Bennett based this load of dirty laundry on a bad patch in her own life, when she had ended a seven-year relationship and slept around before saying "Enough." A grade-school teacher and struggling actress in real life, Bennett plays Sam, a grade-school teacher who dumps her boyfriend and hits the emotional skids.
Sam is a mess, and Bennett's decision to rehash her personal angst through this character is a sad and astonishing thing. We see Sam sleeping with her new neighbor the day she occupies a new apartment; harassing her ex and ex's girlfriend with nonstop telephone messages; weeping like a child when the ex cuts off her visitation rights with his dog.
Bennett, I'm sure, had to summon a lot of courage to reveal herself so nakedly, but "Some Body" smacks of exhibitionism more than it does cathartic truth telling. Henry Barrial, Bennett's director and co-writer, shot "Some Body" on digital video in cinema verite style and heightened the film's reality factor by casting several of Bennett's real-life ex-boyfriends as variations of themselves.
Illuminations are rare -- there's a nice moment when Sam wonders why it's so hard for her to break up with people ("I must be nostalgic") -- but much of the material is embarrassing.
"Some Body" is ambitious and risky and tries very hard to separate the raw truth from the lies we tell ourselves. What is meant to be brave comes off as gimmicky and immature.
-- Edward Guthmann
Drama. Starring Lucy Russell and Jean-Claude Dreyfus. Directed and written by Eric Rohmer, from a book by Grace Elliott. (PG-13. 129 minutes. In French with English subtitles. At the Lumiere, Camera in San Jose and Shattuck in Berkeley.)
For the period drama "The Lady and the Duke," director Eric Rohmer ("Pauline at the Beach") has digitally imposed actors onto canvases painted by artist Jean-Baptiste Marot. It's a fascinating concept, gorgeously rendered. Seeing the paint actually dry, however, would probably be more fun than most of this overly expository film.
Sometimes the digital manipulation looks like painting come to life, sometimes like "Star Wars Episode II -- Attack of the Clones," with actors resembling paper-doll cutouts. The conceit mostly works, though, with moving images of people and horse-drawn carriages seamlessly weaved into two- dimensional street scenes. When the close-ups reveal brush strokes, it's oddly exhilarating. You have to applaud Rohmer for trying this.
Unfortunately, most of the picture takes place away from the painted cityscapes of revolutionary Paris, inside the drawing room of expatriate Englishwoman Grace Elliott (Lucy Russell), a friend of Marie Antoinette. There,
she entertains her good friend and former lover, the Duke of Orleans (Jean- Claude Dreyfus), the king's cousin and political foe.
The pair talk only about politics. The movie's dialogue contains little fat;
every word must provide historical context or advance the story chronologically. Rohmer occasionally has some fun, like when a chambermaid gloats, "Mr. and Mrs. Let-Them-Eat-Cake are goners," but it's mostly very dry stuff.
Rohmer based the script on writings by Elliott, who married and divorced an English nobleman and bore a son by the future King George IV before hooking up with Orleans. Elliott made herself the heroine of her own story, with tales of saving royal sympathizers from beheading and other acts of derring-do.
It's hard to really get a bead on this woman. She's attractive to men, sure,
and has royal connections, but she also left her daughter behind in England, not exactly a noble act. Though Russell is a dynamic presence, her manner is too forthright and modern for the character.
The movie springs to life with every appearance of Dreyfus as the duke. A bull of a man in satin waistcoats, he shows the nobleman's great affection for Elliott and also his restraint when she goes off half-cocked about politics. The duke supposedly left Elliott for somebody else, but he remains besotted with her, his kisses of greeting lingering too long. At least that's her version.
Advisory: This film contains violence.
-- Carla Meyer
Comedy-drama. Starring Aasif Mandvi and Ayesha Dharker. Directed by Ismail Merchant. (PG. 118 minutes. At Bay Area theaters.)
"The Mystic Masseur," based on V.S. Naipaul's novel, re-creates a world and a culture -- Trinidad's Indian community, circa 1950. Directed by Ismail Merchant, best known as the producing half of the Merchant Ivory team, the picture is filled with elegant camera moves and rich shots of the lush surroundings. Too bad, then, that the pace is slow and the story neither takes off nor arrives anywhere. In the end, one comes away wondering how exactly the tale of the mystic masseur was worth recounting in the first place.
Still, for audiences with a particular interest in Trinidad or Indian culture, the movie will have its appeal. It may also appeal to viewers in a particular mood -- relaxed, patient, not looking for drama but rather for a sleepy, placid visit to a different time and place. I had mixed feelings about "Mystic Masseur," but there's no denying that it has the integrity of a committed and sincere piece of work.
The film benefits from the charismatic Aasif Mandvi in the title role. He plays Ganesh, an exuberant and educated Indian man who wants to make it as a writer. To support himself, he becomes a kind of healer/masseur and becomes a power in his country. He's not quite a fraud. He does seem to have some kind of gift, and his customers do come away healed, if only of psychosomatic illnesses.
"The Mystic Masseur" follows Ganesh's life story and takes its time about it, using an hour of screen time just for Ganesh to become a success as a masseur. The film shows the influence one man's optimism and dynamism can have on a community and gives us a taste of Trinidad politics near the end of the British colonial era. Though Ganesh is successful in a midlevel sort of way, there's nothing so striking or fascinating or metaphorically significant about his career as to rate two hours of our attention.
-- Mick LaSalle
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Both properties use characters from DC Comics, so we're wondering if the movies will connect with the shows. Could we see characters from Arrow pop up on the big screen? According to executive producer Greg Berlanti, that's not necessarily the case. DC gives them license to use certain characters, but doesn't tell them why they can or can't.
Bryan Cranston reportedly cast in Man of Steel sequel >>
He told Fandango, "We haven't had any of those conversations other than to say, what characters are we allowed to use this year and advocate or request certain ones that are of interest to us. And every now and then, they'll say, 'You can't have that guy.' They don't say why, and we figure out why later on."
This is something Marvel has been struggling with on its series, Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. It seems as if all of their headlining characters are reserved for film, while the smaller ones are delegated to TV. But unlike Marvel, DC and Warner Bros. are doing a great job of spreading the wealth.
The fact that The Flash, Arrow and even Wonder Woman have been given shows means they don't look at film as the be all, end all. We'd love to see a connection between Arrow and Batman vs. Superman, but it looks unlikely. Don't be too surprised, though, we never got that Dark Knight/Smallville crossover either.
Photo credit: WENN/Warner Bros.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90032
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90033
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(Part 1 of 6, a Christmas gift to readers)
Dr. Bo Wagner
Published: Wednesday, December 11, 2013 at 14:37 PM.
I’m not sure how they came to be out in the forest, in the dead of winter, but there they were. Five children, dressed all in red, leaving five sets of little feet print in the deep white snow. Overhead, the bright moon was beaming down through the snow-covered boughs of the giant fir trees, making them sparkle like a billion tiny Christmas lights. The clouds had just recently parted, having exhausted themselves in covering the world of these children in white.
As the moments passed by, and the trail of footprints grew longer behind them, each child was absorbed in his or her own thoughts. Abby was wondering why her red mittens had to be made of yarn, for the yarn was a poor defense against the cold, and her fingers were beginning to shiver. Adam was wondering what happened to a nose when it got frost bitten. Hunter was in adventure mode, imagining himself as the leader of a great posse, chasing a band of villains through the woods. Grace was concerned. As the oldest, she knew she was responsible for all of the others, but at her young age, that was quite a burden to carry. Alethia was wishing about home. When I say that she was wishing about home, that may seem like an odd way to put it, until you understand that she could not actually remember where or even what home was! In fact, none of them could. They could not remember mothers or fathers or beds or kitchen tables or warm baths or fluffy blankets.
Many miles way on the other side of the forest, walked another five children, dressed all in black, with five pairs of black mittens knocking snow off of the tree branches as they passed by. None of these children seemed to know who was leading the way, or even if there was a way. What they did know was a very short list. They knew they were cold, they knew they could not simply stand still or they would freeze, and they knew that there seemed to be a pathway leading ahead of them into the forest. So they followed the pathway, small though it was, while their black mittens just kept knocking snow off of the tree branches as they passed by.
Presently, the children in black began to hear a low, growling noise. Each of the children stopped dead in their tracks, and the imagination of each one begin to run wild. Brianna imagined a big, wild bear, with giant teeth and sharp claws. Caleb imagined a fierce, hungry mountain lion, one that had a taste for little boys, and he began to shake. Jesse imagined a
terrible gorilla, rushing into their midst and carrying him away. Karis began to imagine a horrible monster with three eyes, and she began to cry just a little. Moriah began to imagine... a pancake, with steaming hot syrup! And as her stomach growled yet again, she began to giggle.
Back on the other side of the forest, miles away from the children in black, the children in red continued to trudge wearily along. As they did, they began to hear an unmistakable noise up ahead of them, the sound of fast-running water. Soon they were standing on its banks. A wide, cold, dangerous river. The children in red just stood and looked at it, unsure of what to do next. Finally, Grace said “We have to turn around and go back the way we came.”
Oh, the howling that followed! Cries of “my feet hurt,” and “I’m too tired to go back!” filled the air. Louder the argument grew, till it seemed the trees themselves were covering their ears with their branches. Finally, one voice screamed out at the top of its lungs, bringing the shouting of the others to an abrupt halt. It was Adam, and the words he screamed were these: “WE CAN’T GO BACK THE WAY WE CAME... LOOK!”
And look they did. And what did they see? The trees had closed in and formed a wall behind them, the impenetrable branches daring them to try and go any way but forward. With no way back, all five of the children turned again to the roaring river in front of them. They stared and stared, unsure of what to do next. So they did what came natural, and started howling and
fussing at each other all over again, with a noise nearly deafening. It was then that they heard a voice, and each of the five jumped in fright, knowing that it was not from any of them. They quickly turned, and saw a little boy and a little girl, holding hands and staring at them. The little boy loudly said “I SAID, WHY DON’T YOU JUST CROSS THE BRIDGE?”
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SHIELDS header banner /w logo
Book of Mormon
T. Schroeder Article
B. H. Robert's
B. H. Roberts - Schroeder Articles
on The Book of Mormon
Introduction to Articles
for SHIELDS Web Page
by Malin Jacobs
The most common non-LDS explanation for the Book of Mormon is the so-called Spaulding Theory, of which there at least four variations. Anti-Mormon lawyer Theodore Schroeder wrote a long article in which he attempted to demonstrate his preferred version of the Spaulding Theory. This article appeared serially in four issues of the AMERICAN HISTORICAL MAGAZINE in 1906 and 1907. Brigham. H. Roberts, who was then the LDS church historian, read Schroeder's article and asked that the AMERICAN HISTORICAL MAGAZINE publish his reply. This they did in four issues during 1908 and 1909. Roberts' article is a point-by-point reply to Schroeder. These two articles are virtually unknown today.
There are several reasons why these articles are important:
1. Schroeder's article makes the best case I have ever seen for the Spaulding Manuscript theory.
2. Roberts' article thoroughly destroys Schroeder's case.
3. As a result of Roberts' article, the AMERICAN HISTORICAL MAGAZINE (renamed AMERICANA) asked Roberts to write a history of the LDS church to be published serially in the magazine. Roberts agreed, the magazine publication changed from bi-monthly to monthly, and Roberts' history appeared from late 1909 through most of 1916. In the late 1920's Roberts was asked to write a multi-volume history of the LDS church to be published in time for the centennial church conference in April, 1930. This Roberts did by editing his AMERICANA history and writing new material to bring the history up-to-date from 1916 to 1930. That work is the six-volume Comprehensive History Of The Church. Had Roberts not replied to Schroeder in 1908-1909, the Comprehensive History might not have been written.
This series was subsequently published in B.H. Roberts' Defense of the Faith and the Saints, Vol. 2, (The Deseret News, SLC, UT:1912), pp. 1-229. B.H. Roberts introduces the subject in these words (original spellings have been retained in articles):
The following debate on the "Origin of the Book of Mormon," came about in the following manner: The writer saw in the Salt Lake Tribune two numbers of Mr. Schroeder's article and observing the general trend of the argument felt that a prompt reply should appear in the same publication, that it might be read by the same people who would read Mr. Schroeder's article. A letter was accordingly addressed to the Tribune, to ascertain if that paper would publish a reply to Mr. Schroeder. The Editor answered that the Tribune was reproducing the article from the American Historical Magazine, published in New York, and that perhaps its publishers would be pleased to receive a reply to Mr. Schroeder. If the publishers of the Historical Magazine accepted such an article, the Tribune would then be willing to reproduce it, if the Deseret News, the Mormon Church organ, would agree to publish Mr. Schroeder's article.
This suggested a too complicated arrangement to suit the writer, hence he dropped the matter with the Tribune, and took it up with the publishers of the American Magazine, who gave place to his answer to Mr. Schroeder in current numbers of that publication, 1908-9. And the writer has heard nothing from the Tribune or Mr. Schroeder since.
In the Schroeder article footnoting has been changed to endnotes for readability, but kept with each original magazine issue.
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Die Heuning Pot Literature Guide
© 2014 Shmoop University, Inc. All rights reserved.
Character Analysis
All we know about Ella is that she’s a "remote and dreamy" schoolteacher who likes books (1.2.8). That’s all we know about her, and it’s really all we need to know. What matters is that, without even knowing it, she hooks Richard on books. After her interrupted bedtime story, he says, "I hungered for the sharp, frightening, breathtaking, almost painful excitement that the story had given me, and I vowed that as soon as I was old enough I would buy all the novels there were and read them" (1.2.37).
You have to admire his ambition. For the rest of his life, Richard and literature are inseparable. It’s also worth noting that she is Richard’s first crush. What other kind of girl would such a lonely, nerdy kid crush on?
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Die Heuning Pot Literature Guide
© 2014 Shmoop University, Inc. All rights reserved.
Stargirl Questions
1. You may have heard Polonius' famous quote from Shakespeare's play, Hamlet: "To thine own self be true." If most people agree with this as a noble goal, why are we so often, like the kids in Stargirl, uncomfortable around people who are different? How do you react when you encounter someone who is different? What does that say about you?
2. Does Stargirl seem in total control of who she is, or do others influence her? What role do those around her play in her identity?
3. What are the most important qualities in a friend? Does Stargirl have these? How so? What about Leo?
4. Do you think Stargirl wants to be popular? How does she handle her popularity? And while we're on the subject, why do so many people want to be popular in the first place? Is it really all it's cracked up to be?
5. Does Stargirl seem connected to her surroundings? Why or why not? Does this make her happier in any way? Does she ever seem disconnected?
6. How would you describe Stargirl and Leo's relationship? Do the two of them seem happy? Why or why not?
7. What's your favorite Stargirl quirk? Do you have any quirks like her?
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A Winter's Rose Lyrics - Hopesfall
Review The Song (0)
why is it that some are always learning, but never come to the knowledge of the truth? and their ever open minds refuse to hear a reasonable offer.. humbly i extend the hope i have received careful not to pass judgement or impose my beliefs... but i can no longer apologize for what i hold most dear and with humility i attempt to live my life with a sincerity that can bridge gaps... and know that by abstaining from things of this world, i am not condemning you but i'm choosing as you choose, to follow what i know to be true
Click here to submit the Corrections of A Winter's Rose Lyrics
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------ 07/29/2014
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90077
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R U Still Down? (Remember Me) Lyrics - 2Pac
Review The Song (0)
R U Still Down [repeat 3X]
[Verse One: 2Pac]
I came up, out the gutter never changed my style
Got for real about my papers, cause the game was wild
And the fame was a plot to try to change me
And what's strange is nobody knew my name 'fore it came
Now the whole world is calling me a, killer
All the time I was ballin, never heard my friends callin
Couldn't stop myself from fallin, I'm all in
Shit's gettin sleazy, believe me
Best to take what ya need, but don't be greedy
Cause in my mind, I see sunshine, I thought
sponsored links
Take your time to feel my record, and if you did
chill a second, my blind method, will still wreck it
My young homies stay strong
[Chorus: 2Pac]
Raise em up... R U Still Down?
[repeat 5X]
[Verse Two: 2Pac]
I'm gettin high, so a nigga think he touch the sky
Turn tough inside, in the rush to die
Livin life as a Thug time to face the truth
What's goin on with the wasted youth, please God
And got a nigga goin crazy
Ain't a penitentiary built big enough for me
and my niggaz on the streets, man listen
Cause these ain't the old days
Ain't no way I'ma bustin my ass and gettin no pay
I seen the future and it's hopeless
Lord knows, its hard on a young scrub
It seems I had less problems when I slung drugs
But since I'm tryin lace niggaz with the game
And them same motherfuckers that was callin me
[Verse Three: 2Pac]
I wrote this for my critics and my, enemies
Last year ya used to love me, huh REMEMBER ME
I'm stayin sharp, got no time for them tricks
And now they wonder if I'm goin to jail
Come get me 'fore they hurt me
Ran outta tears, and through the years couldn't change me
My daddy left me alone, and so I'm angry
And now I'm hustlin and bustlin bones
Never said it came easy, I'm makin cheese
Buyin all the things on TV, and gettin skeezed
Wish my homeboys could see me now
Little bad motherfucker runnin wild through the town
Please tell me, R U Still Down?
R U Still Down, to raise em up? Remember me [repeat 2X]
R U Still Down, to raise em up?
R U Still Down, to raise em up? Remember me [repeat 3X]
R U Still Down, to raise em up?
R U Still Down, to raise em up?
That's right y'all, give them bitches the motherfuckin middle finger
Thug Life, niggaz, be, the sickest
You feel me? Now get that shit written down
God damn!
Ain't that a bitch?
R U Still motherfucking down?
Old hoe ass fake ass niggaz
We out this motherfucker
Click here to submit the Corrections of R U Still Down? (Remember Me) Lyrics
The following area is only for review, if you want to submit the lyrics or the corrections of the lyrics, please click the link at the end of R U Still Down? (Remember Me) Lyrics.
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Review for R U Still Down? (Remember Me) Lyrics
------ Performed by 2Pac
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------ 07/29/2014
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90121
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FAQ: How Does Pregnancy Occur?
How Does Pregnancy Occur?
The Basic Idea
There are four things that must happen for a woman to become pregnant. If all of these things happen, through any means, then the woman is pregnant:
1. Semen enters the vaginal canal
2. The sperm swim through the cervix and into the fallopian tubes
3. The sperm penetrates the surface of a egg and fertilizes it (this is called conception)
4. The fertilized egg travels to the uterus and implants into the uterine wall
Step 1: Sperm enter the vagina
*Note: please see the Anatomy Section for more information about the different parts of the male and female body.
• If sperm enter the vagina, then they are in a position to complete the other three steps.
• If they only reach the vulva (the outer genital area), they can still swim up to the vagina and continue on. However, this is much more difficult, so the chance of pregnancy is much smaller.
• Cowper’s gland secretions (also known as precum) can also carry sperm, so precum can cause a pregnancy. This is one reason why the withdrawal method is not very effective.
• It is possible (but unlikely) for sperm to travel through thin clothing (like underwear), but they cannot travel through thicker clothing (like jeans). Multiple layers of thin clothing (like underwear and pajama bottoms or both partners wearing underwear) also can stop sperm.
• Sperm have a very difficult time traveling through water, so if the man ejaculates into the water of a bathtub or shower, away from the woman’s vulva, pregnancy is very unlikely. However, sexual intercourse in a pool or a bathtub is not an effective way to stop sperm. If the man ejaculates into the vagina or even on the vulva while in water, there chance of pregnancy is just as high as in the corresponding activity in dry air.
• The best way to keep sperm from entering the vagina is to use a condom.
Step 2: Sperm swim through the cervix and uterus into the fallopian tubes.
• Once sperm are in the vagina, they can swim through the cervix, uterus, and fallopian tubes. The more sperm that enter the vagina, the greater the chance of pregnancy.
• Certain birth control methods interfere with the sperm’s ability to enter the cervix and continue on.
• Hormonal methods like the pill or the shot change the cervical mucous, which makes it harder for the sperm to pass through the cervix.
• Emergency contraception pills (also called the “morning-after pill” or Plan B) also interfere with the sperm entering the fallopian tubes.
• Barrier methods like the diaphragm or the cervical cap create a physical obstruction, which is why they are called barrier methods.
Step 3: One sperm meets an egg and fertilizes it, which is called the moment of conception.
• There has to be an egg in the outer third of a fallopian tube for the woman to become pregnant.
• A woman has to ovulate shortly before or after intercourse to become pregnant.
• Sperm can live for up to five days in the woman’s body, so if intercourse happens even a few days before ovulation, a sperm could still be present to fertilize the egg.
• An egg can live for about one to two days, so intercourse after ovulation can still result in pregnancy.
• A woman can ovulate before she has her first period, so intercourse before menarche (when the woman has her first period) can result in pregnancy.
• Virginity has nothing to do with ovulation, thus a virgin can get pregnant her first time just as easily as her 100th time.
• Many hormonal birth control methods like the pill or the shot inhibit ovulation, so an egg is not available to fertilize.
• Emergency contraception pills also inhibit ovulation.
Step 4: The egg implants itself into the uterine wall, which is the start of pregnancy.
• A fertilized egg travels down the fallopian tubes and may succeed in implanting into the uterine wall.
• Many hormonal birth control methods like the pill or the shot change the uterine lining, making it inhospitable to the fertilized egg (meaning the conceptus won’t have a place to implant and grow).
• Emergency contraception pills also make the uterine lining inhospitable to implant
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The Eleventh Annual Southern California Linux Expo
February 22-24, 2013
Hilton Los Angeles International Airport
High Availability Clustering with Corosync and DRBD
Corosync and DRBD can be used to add high availability clustering for services that don't support it. Some services might internally support clustering or failover, but be dependent on components that don't.
Corosync is a framework for reliable intra-cluster communication. Using corosync configuration, you can manage resources such as IP addresses, filesystems and services to failover to a secondary server. Example services include web servers, databases and message brokers.
The presentation will cover basic corosync configuration for resource control and DRBD configuration for failover filesystems. MySQL will be used as an example service for the failover configuration.
Century AB
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In a Drunken Rage, I Choose You Vodkachu
Mister Adkins offers some helpful screams of encouragement for a suffering friend.Another milestone has come and gone in my life. No, I'm still not balding. No, I haven't killed a man just to watch him die. My liver has simply survived another party. I won't go into the incredible detail with which I explored "The Robitussin Incident", I'll just mention that me and a few of my friends started drinking heavily on Saturday afternoon. Twelve hours and about 50 gallons of alcohol and two bar-closings later, the drinking came to a screeching halt with the gastric eruptions of one of my chums. The subsequent passing-out "domino" effect of most of the rest of my buddies sealed the night's fate.
I was not so wise. I and one brave soul continued drinking for a few more hours, downing a shot suggested to me by a forum member. It was good, in fact, so we did this shot repeatedly. It looked like an ounce of flesh and blood in a glass. It didn't make me throw up. That is really the key.
I then proceeded to have a long and insulting conversation with "artfag" that reached a definite nadir with the following quote:
"okay you just keep not knowing you sexy smart piece of fucking worthless shit"
For those of you not familiar with the shady characters that cat around the forums, miss fag is a female. Not that her gender excuses my simultaneously flattering and hateful attitude towards her throughout the conversation. This single quote is very meaningful though, because it is indicative of my drunken behavior for the preceding six hours. Since it is immortalized in an incredibly embarrassing (not Sam Jain caliber embarrassing) chat log, and since I can't remember anything specific I said to women while intoxicated earlier in the night, this will serve as my drunken horror banner.
I don't think I need to mention that the next morning I felt like a heap of horse manure that someone had spoon fed to an elephant and then scooped out of the elephant's colon with a snow shovel.
The World's Strongest Man is Scary
A Maltese Apache helicopter tries to stop last year's rampaging champion.Not a lot of things frighten me or intimidate me any more. Unless you count leaving the house as one of those things, but I mean how can you count that? Everyone is afraid to leave their house with all the Chinese kung-fu gangs that rule the streets and I don't think my town has a Walker Texas Ranger to keep them in check. No, my fear centers on the World's Strongest Man Competition, because the gigantic monsters (and I mean that with all due respect if you are reading this monsters) that compete in that event put the fear of god into me. Every time I see the competition on ESPN 75 I feel like the Japanese army hearing radio reports that Godzilla is approaching the coastline.
Very similar to the Japanese army I am fascinated by my impending doom and can do nothing but stand by (or in this case sit on the couch and drink Bud Ice) and watch as skyscraper-hungry giants duke it out. In case you have never heard of the competition, here is some background for it that I will put in italics like I am quoting a source when I actually made it up:
Held 16 times a month in the island nation of Malta, the MetRx World's Strongest Man Competition pits 25 of the densest human beings on earth against each other in a wacky battle for testosterone overload dominance. Through a number of grueling events the competitors will challenge one another for the title of The World's Strongest Goddamn Man. The winner will not only get to walk around in an undersized tank-top that says "I AM NUMBER ONE", he will also be permitted to destroy the entire island nation of Malta.
The best part about the WSMC is most certainly the wide variety of horrifyingly torturous events that Samsonson and his bull-necked Scandinavian "-son" clones must endure. The following events are not made up; these are some real examples of what these crazy bastards do to win the heart of the princess of Malta.
EVENT NUMBER ONE: Giant Fucking Anchor Carry
Damn, there go those arms again."Sure, I can carry an anchor, no problem," is what you are saying, I am certain. I can hear your stupid nasal voice right now. Think again Dexter, this anchor comes from some science fiction aircraft carrier that is ten miles long. I would guess the anchor to be approximately the size of a minivan and made out of solid steel. I think last time I watched this they listed the weight on the screen as "more than you can even imagine". Still, the competitors are tasked with carrying this to the finish line and are scored for time. A lot of them fail to make it when their arms tear off, but many do manage to stagger across the finish line, the anchor clutched in their teeth while they spray blood from their stumps.
EVENT NUMBER TWO: Pull a Goddamn Truck
After the survivors of the first competition have had their arms sewn back on, they proceed to the truck pull. Pulling a truck might be fairly easy, but they have really big European freight trucks and then they put the anchors from the first competition in the back of the truck. I think they put the bodies of all the guys who died in that competition in the back too. Then the competitor has to grab a chain lashed around the vehicle's bumper and pull it across the finish line. The finish line is on the edge of a steep hill down, so if the guy pulling the truck builds up too much momentum he gets run over by a 40 ton truck. This really doesn't do a whole lot of damage to these guys though.
EVENT NUMBER THREE: Throw a Damned Tree Trunk
The tree trunks used for throwing in the WSMC are selected from some dark primeval forest that I believe is also haunted by ghosts. Mutant tree ghosts. To put it another way, the tree trunks used make redwoods look like Lincoln logs. Most of the competitors are able to lift the tree trunk to chest height and then either their arms tear off again or gravity resumes normal operation and they are crushed beneath the wood. Somehow a few of the people throw the tree trunk and then they measure to see who threw the tree trunk the farthest. Then their arms fall off.
Congratulations giant armless Scandinavian guy who has won eight years in a row, you are now allowed to wear your shirt, stomp around Malta eating people and rescue the princess from her cloud castle. Jesus.
– Zack "Geist Editor" Parsons (@sexyfacts4u)
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Korg Trinity Plus
Music Workstation
Published in SOS January 1996
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Reviews : Keyboard workstation
PART 2: GORDON REID concludes his review of Korg's new family of workstations.
Last month, we devoted five pages to reviewing the new Korg Trinity in its basic model. This time, we take a closer look at the Prophecy motherboard incorporated in the Plus, Pro and ProX models, and have a further peek at the Trinity's sounds and 'Insert effects' section. We also give Phill Macdonald of Korg UK an opportunity to explain some of the new workstation's potential deficiencies. So, without further preamble, let's get stuck in...
The difference between the Trinity and the Trinity Plus is simply the addition of the MOSS synthesis Prophecy expansion board installed as standard within the 'Plus' (for more on MOSS and the Prophecy, see this author's review of that instrument in SOS October '95).
Once installed within the Trinity, the MOSS board provides another bank of sounds (Bank S) that you can program, play, and insert into Combis and Sequences as if they were no different from the PCM-based banks A and B. You then have access to the full power of the Prophecy: analogue modelling, VPM (Korg's version of FM synthesis), brass modelling, reed modelling, plucked string modelling, noise + comb-filtering, and three analogue-style sync, ring-modulated, and cross-modulated models. Then there are the Prophecy's effects: two types of wave-shaping, overdrive, wah-wah, distortion, chorus, flanging, panning, delay, and reverb, all of which you can insert into programs before, and in addition to, the Insert and Master effects. Indeed, since the Prophecy sounds now have access to the Trinity's effects, you could argue that they're better than before.
Korg claim that there are no differences between the Trinity's and the Prophecy's MOSS programming systems, but considering the Prophecy as a whole, I really missed the arpeggiator. Some may argue that the Trinity's sequencer more than replaces such a 'basic' tool -- but I don't agree. The Prophecy's arpeggiator tucks many neat tricks up its silicon sleeves, and while you could, with work, duplicate many of these using the 'pattern' capabilities of the Trinity's sequencer, this would remove the real-time nature of the beast.
On the other hand, the Trinity Plus invalidates my only two serious criticisms of the original Prophecy: the inadequate 3-octave keyboard, and the awkwardness of the programming interface. I never could understand why Korg limited the Prophecy to just three octaves, and the Trinity's five (or six, or seven, depending which model you are tempted by) are a huge improvement. Even more significant is the Trinity's screen. Because of its enormous flexibility and tiny display, the Prophecy can be a pain to programme. Korg could, and should, have overcome the problem by providing a bigger screen. This, of course, is exactly what the Trinity Plus does, replacing obscure messages with full parameter descriptions, putting up to thirty related parameters on screen at a time, adding envelope graphics, and making programming a doddle. On balance, I'll forgive the omission of the arpeggiator...
While on the subject of the display, I suspect that many people will wonder why they can't adjust envelopes (and this applies as much to ACCESS sounds as MOSS sounds) by pointing at handles on the curves and dragging them across the screen. Unfortunately, the human finger is simply too large to do this with sufficient accuracy. After all, there are 199 values for many parameters (-99 to +99) and should you want to move between two consecutive values you would need a finger like a hypodermic needle. In addition, if you want to set two envelope values close to each other, it's debatable whether you can get enough accuracy from the screen. Perhaps it's surprising, therefore, that Korg haven't offered a track-ball or a mouse port on the synth itself. On the other hand, by the time you've located a mouse over a desired handle, held down the button, dragged the curve to the new location and released, it might have been easier and quicker just to touch the appropriate place on the screen and then use the existing up/down controls.
The only other point worth debating -- seeing as the sounds are exactly the same as those on the Prophecy -- is the loss of the Prophecy's 'log' controller, and this is also only a minor niggle. The Trinity's ribbon controller boasts the same pressure sensitivity as the Prophecy's, and the joystick is within easy reach. Seven axes of control (plus the pressure sensitivity of the keyboard) may not be quite as good as the log, but they're good enough for me.
Last month, we reviewed the demonstration tracks supplied with the Trinity, but there wasn't space to say much about the individual sounds. So, let's look at a few of the ACCESS-generated PCM-based sounds produced by both the Trinity and Trinity Plus...
It's easy to check out the quality of a PCM synthesizer's samples. Initialise a patch, set all filters wide open, simplify all the ADBSR envelopes to just 0/0/100/100/0 (or whatever), kill the LFOs and effects, and then step through the multisamples to inspect the waveforms. Doing this on the Trinity reveals a tonal uniformity that may be a consequence of the recording process, the PCM creation process, or the programs that Korg used to prepare and normalise the samples. But considering what an analogue synth can do with just a square wave and a sawtooth waveform, it's hard to imagine a limit to what the powerful filters, LFOs and envelopes, not to mention the effects, of the Trinity can do to its 375 multisamples. So, while I shy away from writing reviews that send you away to try the 'Heavenly Choir Strings Spectral Pad' at patch location GSX650, it's worth pointing out a few of the Trinity's strongest suits.
The violins and solo strings are particularly impressive. Programmed with appropriate vibrato, and with a great response to the performance controls, they're instant Fiddler on the Roof. Then there are the analogue and FM basses, 12-string guitars, techno sounds, drums, strings and spectral pads. I was also very impressed by the excellent tonewheel organ simulations. The Trinity's overdrives and rotary effects could transform any vaguely organ-style sound into a rich Hammond-like swirl. With good PCMs as a starting point, the result is magic.
I loved some of the more ethnic sounds -- in particular the delightfully pressure-sensitive Koto with its convincing bends and slurs. Less impressive are the factory-programmed pianos and acoustic guitars (see the separate box on piano sounds elsewhere in this article), but I dare say that end-users will improve on the factory offerings.
It's worth noting at this point that the filter, while resonant, doesn't sound at all analogue. If you insert analogue waveforms into quasi-analogue patches, the filter begins to sound more realistic, but the PCM-based ACCESS sound generation system always lacks the bite of the Prophecy's MOSS synthesis.
On the other hand, some of the Combis are amazing. Whatever your tastes -- full orchestras, death metal, ambient washes, dance/hip-hop/house, soundtracks, whatever -- the factory presets offer oodles of options. And if you're into generating unique sounds, consider the structure of a typical Combi...
First, each Program within the Combi has access to numerous LFO-driven modulation and sample & hold-style effects. Second, you can layer, split, or crossfade up to eight Programs within a Combi (the crossfade zones in both the velocity and key maps allow you to create crossfades between patches, either as you play up and down the keyboard, or as you play lighter or harder. This beats simple velocity splits and key splits hands down). Third, each Program within a Combi can take advantage of up to eight Insert effects such as random filter, pitch-shifting, and L/C/R delays. Fourth, you can direct the output of each group of Insert effects, in individual proportions, to each of the Master effects. Fifth, each real-time controller can act in different ways at different rates upon each element within each Program. The complexity is mind-boggling, and the Trinity allows your imagination to roam further than any other instrument I know. And, most important of all, it's not just quantity, it's also quality. The sounds live up to the promise.
The Trinity Plus is far from perfect. Some niggles, such as the response time of the user-interface, are reasonably insignificant. Others (see the interview with Phill Macdonald elsewhere in this article) are far from trivial, and mar what would otherwise be an almost perfect keyboard. But, warts and all, the Trinity is a superb piece of kit, and it's going to drag the hi-tech music industry into the future. Indeed, once the hard disk editor upgrade arrives, it's conceivable that you could pre-master a CD including vocals, guitars (or whatever) using just a Trinity (well, actually, the way things are currently planned, you'll also need a sample rate convertor, but see Phill's interview for more on this).
The bottom line is... the Trinity incorporates an awful lot of what MIDI musicians have been asking for, plus a whole bunch of stuff that we hadn't even thought of. Capable of replacing a basic MIDI studio of sound sources, sequencers, effects and mixers, it's probably the first affordable instrument that truly earns the tag 'music production workstation'.
We're going to have to wait until February before we can lay our hands on the Trinity's S/PDIF and ADAT I/O boards, and until April before we see the Trinity ProX, and the hard disk editing and flash ROM options. Until then, adieu!
Retailing for a not inconsiderable £2,395 and £2,795 respectively, the Trinity and Trinity Plus are significantly cheaper than their 76-note and 88-note siblings, the Pro (£3,195) and ProX (£4,795). However, if you're thinking of starting with a basic Trinity or Trinity Plus and then adding the more advanced options later, I advise you to sit tight until Korg announce the upgrade prices.
Given that there are only four differences between the implementation of MOSS on the Trinity Plus and a stand-alone Prophecy (you lose the 'log' real-time controller, the five real-time controller knobs, the arpeggiator, and the Prophecy's final EQ stage) it's remarkable that the difference in price between the basic Trinity and the Plus model is only £400. On the other hand, the keyboard, case, screen and controls comprising the user-interface are expensive components within any synth. Add to them the electronics that provides the key scanning, interprets the controllers, and drives the display, and you've probably accounted for about 90% of the build-cost of the instrument. Obviously, the Trinity's MOSS synthesizer uses the same keyboard, screen and controllers as the native ACCESS sound generator, so the expansion board is able to dispense with the Prophecy's 'house-keeping' V55 processor and all its attendant electronics. As a result, it ends up little more than a third the size of the Prophecy's motherboard. All in all, the additional cost of £400, compared to the Prophecy's asking price of £995, is probably about right.
Whether this implies that there could be a Prophecy module for, say, £500 or £600 in the next few months is unclear. Korg UK have stated that despite initial shipments of the Prophecy going "like hot cakes", there are no plans to produce a Prophecy module. Their philosophy seems to be that if you want access to Prophecy sounds without coughing up £1,000, you should buy a Trinity as your main keyboard!
The Trinity's effects sections are monstrous, justifying their own 158-page manual. Unfortunately, reviewing them would require a few pages in every issue of SOS for the next year. Similarly, explaining them would require... well, a 158-page manual. So, here's a list of the Insert Effects. Remember (see last month), every Program can have three of these in series, provided that they don't exceed a total 'size' of four (or eight within a Combi or Sequence). Drum programs, just to be arcane, can have four size 1 effects in series.
• Amplifier simulation
• Compressor
• Limiter
• Gate
• Overdrive / Hi-gain
• Parametric 4-band EQ
• Wah / Auto Wah
• Random Filter
• Dyna Exciter
• Sub Oscillator
• Decimator
• Chorus
• Harmonic Chorus
• Ensemble
• Flanger
• Tempo Flanger
• Envelope Flanger
• Phaser
• Tempo Phaser
• Envelope Phaser
• Vibrato
• Resonator
• Ring Modulator
• Tremolo
• Rotary Speaker
• Delay
• Multi-tap Delay
• Early Reflections
• Stereo Amp Simulation
• Stereo Compressor
• Stereo Limiter
• Multi-band Limiter
• Stereo Gate
• Overdrive / Hi-gain Wah
• Stereo Parametric 4-band EQ
• Stereo Graphic 7-band EQ
• Graphic 13-band EQ
• Stereo Random Filter
• Stereo Enhancer
• Talking Modulator
• Stereo Decimator
• Stereo Chorus
• Stereo Harmonic Chorus
• Multi-tap Chorus/Delay
• Ensemble
• Stereo Flanger
• Stereo Random Flanger
• Stereo Tempo Flanger
• Stereo Phaser
• Stereo Random Phaser
• Stereo Tempo Phaser
• Stereo Bi-phase Modulation
• Stereo Vibrato
• 2-voice Resonator
• Doppler
• Stereo Tremolo
• Stereo Auto Pan
• Stereo Envelope Pan
• Stereo Dyna Pan
• Phaser + Tremolo
• Shimmer
• Detune
• Pitch Shifter
• Pitch Shift Modulation
• Rotary Speaker
• Dual Delay
• Stereo Delay
• Stereo Multi-tap Delay
• L/C/R Delay
• Tempo Delay
• Stereo Modulation Delay
• Stereo Dynamic Delay
• Random Panning Delay
• Early Reflections
• Reverb: Hall
• Reverb: Smooth Hall
• Reverb: Room
• Reverb: Bright Room
• Reverb: Wet Plate
• Reverb: Dry Plate
• Piano Body + Damper Simulation
• Stereo Multi-band Limiter
• Overdrive / Hyper-gain Wah
• Stereo Graphic 13-band EQ
• Vocoder
• Stereo Harmonic Chorus
• Multi-tap Chorus/Delay
• Stereo Ensemble
• Stereo Tempo Flanger
• Stereo Tempo Phaser
• Stereo Pitch Shifter
• 2-band Pitch Shifter
• Rotary Speaker Overdrive
• Early Reflections
• L/C/R Long Delay
• Stereo Long Delay
• Dual Long Delay
• Stereo Tempo Delay
• Hold Delay
Of the effects, some are inevitably more interesting than others. For example: the Random Filters offer stunning analogue-style 'sample & hold' effects; the 'tempo' effects allow you to assign their modulation speeds to that of the sequencer; the Ring Modulator offers both fixed frequency and scaled frequencies against which to modulate the signal; the Talking Modulator adds a 'human' vowel sound to the signal; the Decimator reduces the sampling frequency for gritty sounds with FM-style aliasing if desired; the Piano Body + Damper simulation does much to rescue the piano PCMs; and the size 4 Rotary Speaker effect is simply superb. Derived in part from Korg's dedicated A-series and G-series units, the Trinity's effects are of equivalent quality and flexibility. Enjoy!
Piano sounds are the lifeblood of many synthesizers, so much so that some players bought the DX7 just for its (now clichéd) FM Electric Grand patch. Indeed, only this year Alesis felt that their improved piano sample was sufficient justification to re-launch the Quadrasynth as the Quadrasynth Plus Piano. So how does the Trinity shape up?
The factory patch, A01: 'Acoustic Piano', is dry, lifeless and (despite being panned across the stereo image) lacking in depth. It compares poorly to Roland's PCM-based JV pianos, and is totally outclassed by dedicated piano modules such as the Roland MKS20 and P330. However, the modified acoustic piano Programs on Steve Kay's sequences prove to be quite usable within a mix, and they demonstrate that tinkering with the Trinity can produce much improved results. Experimentation with the 'Piano Body and Damper' simulation suggests that there is even better to come. Ultimately, however, classical pianists are not going to be satisfied with the Trinity's piano programs.
Electric pianos fare much better, with a fine range of Rhodes, Wurlitzer EP200 and Yamaha CP70 imitations. All are usable, and one or two are first class. Consequently, I suspect that rock, jazz, and blues players will separate into three camps: those who rarely use acoustic piano sounds, and who are more than adequately served by the Trinity; those who (like me) use both acoustic and electric pianos and who have always disliked Korg's acoustic piano programs; and those strange beings who have loved all of Korg's pianos, from the M1 onwards. The bottom line is this: if you liked the M1's and 01/W's pianos, the Trinity will not disappoint you. If you didn't, it will. It all depends upon your point of view.
Korg's Technical Support Manager, Phill Macdonald, recently took the trouble to deliver a Trinity Plus to me in Cambridge. I ungraciously reciprocated by putting him on the spot with a few searching questions regarding what I see as the deficiencies in the Trinity's design (see the first part of this review, last month)...
Phill, £2,795 seems expensive for a 33-note workstation with the standard features of an eight-part multitimbral mode and a 16-track sequencer...
"We knew that the Trinity was going to be expensive, because we made a conscious decision to obtain the best possible sound quality from it. Hence the very large ROM, and the fact that we didn't use any old PCMs, no matter how good the original sources were. We didn't sample anything on the cheap, using only Neve- and SSL-equipped studios, sampling through high-quality A/D converters, and then direct to DAT at 48kHz.
"But most of all, we wanted to get round the age-old problem of 'when I'm in the sequencer it doesn't sound the same as it does when I'm in Program mode'. To overcome that, we had to implement a lot more DSP power than we would otherwise. Also, don't overlook the Trinity's 16-part multitimbral capabilities: over MIDI, you can use a sequencer setup as a sort of 'super-Combi' template. And, finally, don't forget the Trinity's expandability."
But what about the person who doesn't want to expand? Why pay for expansion potential you might not want or need?
"You don't. We've invested the extra cost in the ROM and the Insert effects because, at the end of the day, we made a decision to get as good a sound as possible. Also, don't overlook the user interface -- it takes money to get that to be as nice as it possibly can be."
But Roland's JV90, JV1080, and their XP50 workstation are all 56-note polyphonic. The Yamaha TG500 offers 64 voices. Even your own X5D offers 64 voices for less than £800. Surely 32-note polyphony is a big step backwards?
"I can't comment on other manufacturers' devices, but at the Trinity's sample rate -- 48kHz -- the samples are better than CD quality, and manipulating them uses a lot of processor bandwidth. I guess we could have gone for 64 voices, but they wouldn't have been as powerful and dynamic as the 32 you're getting. Thirty-two voices is a lot -- it's only when you need double or quadruple layers within programs that they become a limitation."
You're implying that you don't have enough processing power to generate 64 good voices, so you've traded the flexibility of 64 lower-quality voices for 32 better ones.
"I haven't investigated this down to the nuts and bolts, but the more voices you have, the longer their response times become, and the more slowly their envelopes respond. The Trinity is really quick, not just in terms of the voice response times, but also, for example, in terms of the speed and resolution of the sequencer, which is the best we've ever done."
Accepting that, why did Korg limit their flagship workstation to just four outputs? This imposes a severe limitation on people who want to apply classic effects and other outboard equipment to individual Programs.
"I can understand that you might want several pairs of outputs, but the Trinity is a workstation, and the idea was to get everything into one box. Anyway, if you want to use analogue choruses or tape delays, you're likely to be using them on just one sound, and it's probable that you'll be in a studio while you're doing it. So, you could dedicate those sounds to tape."
But even basic modules such as Roland's U220 had six outputs!
"Yes, I know what you're saying, but consider this: I recently needed to write a track for a record company. I thought, 'I can get all my old gear out, but I've only got a 3-band EQ on my desk. If I use the Trinity, I can bang a 13-band graphic across every sound I want'. Then I thought about how many effects I have in my rack. Most people have maybe two or four, but the Trinity gives me up to eleven, and the Trinity Plus offers seventeen. I may not have access to the classic sound of a dearly-loved effects box, but the Trinity's effects are certainly more comprehensive."
Seventeen effects?
"Sure, it's a big number, but it's true! MOSS synthesis offers eight effects, six simultaneously, so the Trinity Plus offers seventeen simultaneous effects in total, even if a third of them act on just one of the 33 voices. But that still leaves eleven for the PCM side of things. And don't overlook their quality -- they're not poor relations. Take the rotary speaker. I would say that the Trinity's is better than our dedicated G4 rotary speaker module. You can even play external sounds through the effects if you've got the analogue inputs supplied with the hard disk option. Let's face it, if you've got the hard disk option, you can even sing into this thing!"
But that's exactly my point: if you take an external sound such as a vocal, pass it through the Insert effects, and spin it out through one pair of stereo outputs, you only have two left for the rest of the mix. Why limit the Trinity in this way?
"Well, I'm not sure at the moment how the editor will operate, but it seems that it should be possible to store the result on the disk. You could then complete the mix later, although it then becomes a non-real-time thing. Ultimately, it all comes down to cost. If you want to keep the quality as high as possible, you have to have things such as independent D/A converters on each output, or you'll get phase problems. The more outputs you have, the more de-multiplexing noise and phase problems you get, and the more the quality suffers."
Finally, looking to the future -- the flash ROM seems like a good idea, but why choose 48kHz as the sample rate for the hard disk recorder? While it's irrelevant for many production tasks, 48kHz is surely the wrong rate for the music industry. You can only master a CD at 44.1kHz.
"Holding samples in flash ROM will be great, and the nightmare power-cut scenario simply won't apply. If the power goes off, your samples, Programs and Combis are immediately available once the power comes back again. Regarding pre-mastering, sure, we recognise the difficulty in trying to make a 48kHz CD, and have asked Korg Inc in Japan for further clarification. But we haven't received a reply yet, so we shouldn't jump the gun. Let's wait before judging products that nobody's going to see for a few months."
[Stop press -- just as this article was being prepared for publication, news reached us that Korg Japan had responded to Phill's fax. Sadly, all hard disk recording within the Trinity will take place at 48kHz, and there won't be any internal sample rate convertors, so those making a CD with the Trinity will either need to buy a stand-alone sample rate convertor or have their mastering house carry out the conversion to 44.1kHz for them -- Ed.]
pros & cons
• The power of a Prophecy.
• Seamless integration within the Trinity.
• Programming on the large screen.
• MOSS access to the Insert and Master effects.
• Five octaves rather than three.
• A Prophecy for £400 rather than £995.
• Loss of the arpeggiator.
• Loss of the 'log'.
• A further strain on the number of outputs.
If you're seriously thinking of buying the basic Trinity, you'd be
certifiably crazy if you didn't try to find the extra £400 for the Trinity Plus.
£ Trinity (standard model) £2395; Trinity Plus £2795; Trinity Pro £3195; Trinity ProX £4795; Alesis I/O board £TBA; Solo (Prophecy) board £TBA; Sample Flash ROM expansion option £TBA; Hard disk recorder option £TBA. Prices include VAT.
A Korg UK, 9 Newmarket Court, Kingston, Milton Keynes MK10 0AU.
T 01908 857100.
F 01908 857199.
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Celebs Dressed as Crustations in This Week's Geeky Twitter!
By Josh Sorokach Nov 1, 2013
10 of 15
Carrie Brownstein
.@peteyorn: "the real portlandia... ? …” yep! the real thing has always been far weirder than our show.
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About the Author
Josh Sorokach
Wanna contact a writer or editor? Email
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90168
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lclint-interest message 96
From Tue Aug 13 12:24:35 1996
To: Richard A OKeefe
Subject: Re: Formal array size check request > It is a bad idea to put formal parameter names in prototypes. > To an audience concerned with writing correct code, I don't need > to explain why.
In-Reply-To: Your message of "Mon, 08 Jul 1996 16:31:54 +1000."
Date: Tue, 13 Aug 1996 09:12:55 -0700
From: Pete Buechler
Richard -
I'm sorry, your reply got lost in my blizzard of e-mail. Now that I am going back and
straightening it out, I finally saw it.
Thank you for bothering to answer my questions. I was obvously not thinking this issue
through. Fortunately, after reading your replay, I am now better educated. From now on,
you will see no parameter names in my function prototypes.
Previous Message Next Message Archive Summary LCLint Home Page David Evans
University of Virginia, Computer Science
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Monday, August 18, 2008
Fanny Pak and Friends on YouTube
I meant to post this a long time ago, but I didn't want it to backlash against Fanny Pak. If you didn't realize it from America's Best Dance Crew, Matt Cady of Fanny Pak is a pretty awesome choreographer. Early in my dance crush on Fanny Pak, I looked him up on youtube and became a bigger fan of his work and Fanny Pak as a crew. There are a couple of the clips you should find if you search for him, but this video is a routine to Britney Spears Gimme More. Maybe she should give him a call and get back into dancing. If she came out with this out-the-gate, it would have been fire. Fans of ABDC will notice some familiar faces of Fysh N Chicks, Femme 5, and Fanny Pak. Lots of F's. In the pre-show for ABDC last week, Dave Scott basically said he wanted to hire Matt Cady for some work. So here's to Fanny Pak, may your 15 minutes of fame be well spent!
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90178
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D&D: Feats of 3rd Edition
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Can you name the Feats of D&D 3rd Edition?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90179
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Guess The Les Misérables Song (7)
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Can you name the Les Misérables Song?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90180
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straight to Russia
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Can you name the countries that can be reached by the shortest route (great circle) from Russia?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90181
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Alice in Wonderland Character's Names
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Bald vs. Shaved Debate
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Can you name the preference you have in the Bald vs. Shaved Debate?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90183
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Author Riddles III
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90184
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The Chewbacca Defense
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Can you name the words to Johnnie Cochran's 'Chewbacca Defense' from the classic South Park episode 'Chef Aid'?
Featured May 3, 2011
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Can you name the corporation names based on their logo acronyms?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90186
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The Obscure World of Harry Potter
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The owner of Hufflepuff's cup owned this house elf?
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The Fat Lady's inebriated friend
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90211
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SQL Server Performance
Help with Messages in SQL Server Logs
Discussion in 'Performance Tuning for Hardware Configurations' started by luis.garcia, Mar 8, 2004.
1. luis.garcia New Member
I am receiving in my SQL Server environment this messages in the SQL Server Logs:
WARNING: EC 20c88098, 4 waited 300 sec. on latch 42cad3f0. Not a BUF latch.
Right now we have problems with slowness in an application that runs a stored
procedure from this server every time they click a button.
Like 20 users run this stored procedure but it takes too long in the application
interface to do this stored procedure.
I really don't understand this message can someone understand it?
2. bradmcgehee New Member
3. satya Moderator
As referred by Brad follow the KBA 310834 which addresses the cause of these errors and ensure you've tackled them to resolve.
Best bet is also go thru event viewer log for additional information.
If nothing fetches fruitful results MS Support is the last resort.
Satya SKJ
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Eating disorders: the current status of molecular genetic research
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Scherag, Susann; Hebebrand, Johannes; Hinney, Anke
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Abstract Anorexia nervosa (AN) and bulimia nervosa (BN) are complex disorders characterized by disordered eating behavior where the patient's attitude towards weight and shape, as well as their perception of body shape, are disturbed. Formal genetic studies on twins and families suggested a substantial genetic influence for AN and BN. Candidate gene studies have initially focused on the serotonergic and other central neurotransmitter systems and on genes involved in body weight regulation. Hardly any of the positive findings achieved in these studies were unequivocally confirmed or substantiated in meta-analyses. This might be due to too small sample sizes and thus low power and/or the genes underlying eating disorders have not yet been analyzed. However, some studies that also used subphenotypes (e.g., restricting type of AN) led to more specific results; however, confirmation is as yet mostly lacking. Systematic genome-wide linkage scans based on families with at least two individuals with an eating disorder (AN or BN) revealed initial linkage regions on chromosomes 1, 3 and 4 (AN) and 10p (BN). Analyses on candidate genes in the chromosome 1 linkage region led to the (as yet unconfirmed) identification of certain variants associated with AN. Genome-wide association studies are under way and will presumably help to identify genes and pathways involved in these eating disorders. The elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying eating disorders might improve therapeutic approaches.
Free Keywords 5-HT2A receptor gene; Melanocortin 4 receptor gene; GWAS
Document language English
Publication Year 2009
Page/Pages p. 211-226
Journal European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 19 (2009) 3
DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00787-009-0085-9
Status Postprint; reviewed
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90233
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Stata The Stata listserver
Re: st: RE: impute: too many variables specified
From Michael Ingre <>
Date Fri, 19 Nov 2004 13:27:08 +0100
On 2004-11-19, at 11.37, chris wallace wrote:
You might want to try multiple imputation (MI) instead. MI has better statistical properties than "single" imputation because it recognises the uncertainty in the imputed values by making multiple imputations in multiple datasets. After imputation you have to run your analyses on each of the datasets and combine the result into a single estimate. MI has been made available in Stata by Patrick Royston's -mice- package (st0067) and routines for estimating models and combining results are available within the -mice- package as well as in a package by Li, Greenwood & Carlin (st0042).
. ssc install mice
. whelp mvis
. whelp micombine
. whelp misplit
. net install st0042.pkg
. whelp miset
. whelp mifit
Michael Ingre , PhD student & Research Associate
Department of Psychology, Stockholm University &
National Institute for Psychosocial Medicine IPM
Box 230, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90234
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Bookmark and Share
Re: st: why messy when importing a csv file?
From Neil Shephard <>
Subject Re: st: why messy when importing a csv file?
Date Thu, 6 May 2010 18:34:56 +0000
Given there is nothing being read in I'd do as Nick suggests, open the
file in a text-editor (M$-Word is not a text editor, see the Stata
Text editor FAQ for some suggestions, and look at the
Its quite possible that its not really a CSV file, and someone has
simply changed the file extension so that it appears so. If this is
the case then on viewing in a text-editor it will appear as complete
Email -
Website -
Photos -
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90235
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Statement Analysis®
Susan Smith
I am posting this analysis because I recently watched "Headliners & Legends" on MSNBC which featured the Susan Smith case. As you recall on October 25, 1994, in Union, SC, Susan Smith reported that a car-jacker had stolen her car along with her two children. Approximately one week later, Smith confessed that she had drowned her children by driving her car into a lake with her children trapped in the car.
On the show, several experts (doctors, FBI Agents, etc.) felt that Smith wanted to kill herself and her children, but as the car was going into the water Smith at the last minute bailed out of the car leaving her children to die. Nonsense. They can speculate all they want but lets see what Susan Smith has to say about what happened that night.
In part of her confession, Smith stated,
"As I rode and rode and rode, I felt even more anxiety coming upon me about not wanting to live. I felt I couldn't be a good mom anymore, but I didn't want my children to grow up without a mom. I felt I had to end our lives to protect us from any grief or harm. I had never felt so lonely and so sad in my entire life. I was in love with someone very much, but he didn't love me and never would. I had a very difficult time accepting that. But I had hurt him very much, and I could see why he could never love me. When I was at John D. Long Lake, I had never felt so scared and unsure as I did then. I wanted to end my life so bad and was in my car ready to go down that ramp into the water, and I did go part way, but I stopped. I went again and stopped. I then got out of the car and stood by the car a nervous wreck. "
There is no doubt that Smith had contemplated suicide. "I felt I had to end our lives." "I wanted to end my life so bad." The question though is did she bail out the of car at the last minute, or did she purposely murder her kids to get rid of them? The answer can be found in this portion of her confession when we look at the pronouns in reference to her car:
Pronouns show possession. When Smith uses the phrase "my car" she is claiming possession of her car. When she refers to it as "the car" she is distancing herself from the car. Why did she change from a pronoun to an article? Changing pronouns is an indication of deception. If she was describing the car going into the water with her two boys trapped in the car, we would expect her to say "the car." No one would want to take possession of that fateful car. However, she is standing outside of her car allegedly trying to decide what to do. Therefore, she should have referred to it as "my car." By referring to it as "the car" she unknowingly tells us she knew what she was going to do. She was going to send "the car" into the water with her out of "the car" and her two kids in "the car." There was no last minute jumping out of the car while the car rolled into the water. She purposely sent that car into the water to drown her two kids presumably because the man she loved did not want any kids. That is what the jury decided. People's words will betray them.
Susan Smith also used changing pronouns prior to her confession. On November 2, 1994, she made a public plea to the car-jacker/kidnapper. In part of her statement, she said,
"I would like to say to whoever has my children, that they please, I mean please bring 'em home to us where they belong."
Smith referred to the kidnapper as "whoever" and "they." This does not make sense. If the last picture you had of your kids was the two of them being driven away by a male suspect, you would constantly refer to the kidnapper as "him" or "he" or "the man." This is how she described the kidnapper in her earlier statements. However, now she is telling us a different story.
First she says, "Whoever has my children." By saying "whoever," she is acting like she has absolutely no idea who abducted her kids. However, she supposedly does know a little about the kidnapper because she was able to give a description of him. Even though she does not know the kidnapper's name, she should still refer to him as a male suspect.
Secondly, she refers to the kidnapper as "they." Allegedly, one man abducted her kids. So where does the "they" come from? It comes from her deceptive mind. Because she is making up the story she cannot relate to it. She cannot see one man driving away with her kids because it never happened. Therefore, she slips up and uses the pronouns "whoever" and "they." As soon as I saw her make this plea on television I knew she was lying.
Return to the Famous Cases page
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90236
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Newspost Archive
2005/12/31 New Year's Eve
So here we are at the end of 2005... I guess I was done with it at this point! Not that there's much I could do about it if I wasn't. But while I'm thinking of it, there are three new voting bonus pictures (Here, here, and here) up today on the subject of the New Year!
None of them deal with the subject of New Year's resolutions, so if you were looking for that, check out this strip over at Zoology by Nathan Birch!
2005/12/29 Alternate Strip
There's an alternate version of today's strip up as a voting bonus today, where the interview process and outcome are a little different.
2005/12/28 The Vampire From Space or: I've Got My (Reverse) Standards!
The DVD I mentioned having to return the other day has been replaced with a copy that my DVD player likes - it's a copy of "The Claws of Axos," one of my all-time favorite Dr. Who stories, in which an organic spaceship (complete with psychedelic interior) arrives to drain the Earth of all life and energy, and it's up to the 3rd Doctor, UNIT, and maybe the Master to stop it.
The DVD is a big improvement over the VHS release, where the 2nd and 3rd episodes had been converted from the UK's PAL video standard to US NTSC in the 70s, converted back to PAL when the original copies were gone, and converted back to NTSC again for the video release. They've still gone through that process for the DVD release, but this time the NTSC back to PAL part involved a new "Reverse Standards Conversion" process used by the Dr. Who Restoration Team. They're still not perfect (especially in the exterior scenes that were originally on film instead of video), but they're a lot better than they were before. And the DVD's got some fun bonus features, including some studio footage with deleted scenes and the opening title sequence with the story's original name, "The Vampire From Space." (Just as well they changed that...)
This might seem like an unusual Station V3 newsbox/blog post, since I'm not talking about the comic (which I hope you're enjoying!) or the Dr. Who story being talked about most right now (the recent "Christmas Invasion," which I haven't seen yet), but maybe that makes a nice change? :)
2005/12/27 Secret Santa 2005 (outgoing, part 2)
The second part of my Web Comic Secret Santa gift to Deer Me is done and online now - a guest strip, with a guest strip in it!
2005/12/26 Boxing Day Bonus
In today's new bonus strip, one of the Rumormongers is planning to take one of his presents back to the store to return it.
I'll also be going back to the store today - hopefully with less of a problem than he'll run into! (But I'm hoping to exchange, not return - I've got a shirt that doesn't quite fit and a DVD that doesn't quite want to play.)
2005/12/25 Season's Greetings
Merry Christmas!
Happy Holidays!
Enjoyable December 25th!
2005/12/22 Some site updates
I've been making a few minor changes to the site, including the storyline dropdown that now appears on the main page and the archive calendar page, and changing a few things to better integrate some of the blogger.com features (such as comments, and the atom.xml file) with the site. I'll probably be making a few more changes - if you can think of anything, let me know!
Also, there are a few new seasonal sketches up as voting bonuses today - Oblivious Morty in Snow, the Chef's attempt at Holiday #11 Cookies, and the Rumormongers' attempt at a Holiday #11 Tree!
2005/12/19 Secret Santa 2005 (outgoing, part 1)
I was assigned Sheryl Schopfer's Deer Me for this year's Web Comic Secret Santa - while I don't have the guest strip I'm working on done yet, I did send her one little piece of guest art, which she has up now on her guest art page!
The conclusion of the alternate story
In today's strip, the guys on the V3 search mission are leaving the planet they've been stuck on... but in the alternate version of the story, where Linton didn't win the security simulation tournament, things didn't quite work out that way. The conclusion* is up as today's new bonus strip!
* at least for 10 years or so...
2005/12/18 Secret Santa 2005 (incoming)
It's Web Comic Secret Santa time again, and I've received a great nine-panel strip from Eddie 'Eddache' Bowley of Edd Egg, in which the Rumormongers discuss not only some rumors about the station, but also their place in the grand scheme of things in the V3 universe!
2005/12/17 Past bonuses
I last updated the bonus archive about a month ago... I just added 17 more past voting bonuses (strips, sketches, photos, etc.), so if you've missed any, take a look! Everything's there now except the current three.
2005/12/16 It's December 16th...
Happy Beethoven's Birthday!
(Today's Classic Peanuts rerun doesn't seem to have remembered that, strangely enough...)
2005/12/14 V3 Reader Map
I've set up a Frappr group for Station V3, so if you want to see where other Station V3 readers are, or add yourself to the map, you can do that here!
Ebb the Ulcer?
Last month my sister gave me a stuffed Ulcer (H. pylori) microbe (one of these guys) - it looks a lot like Ebb eating spaghetti.
On that note, today's bonuses are a sketch of Ebb and Neap at dinner, a photo comparison of Ebb with the ulcer microbe, and if you don't like the Ebb=Ulcer idea, a photo of Ebb as a Christmas ornament. :)
Also, I finally put up a new Ebb's Children strip the other day!
2005/12/13 Emergency guest strip
Rob Hamm of Blue Crash Kit, a daily comic about three furry superheroes (in an alternate reality based on "Firefly" in the current storyline), put out a call for guest strips while the artist, Shannon Henry, is in the hospital - I sent them one, which is up today. Get well soon, Shannon!
2005/12/11 The alternate story continues...
Since I use blogger.com for the Station V3 "news" entries here, Station V3 gets tracked by some sites as a blog. It must seem like a strange sort of blog... Most of the time I'm just talking about this comic strip I draw, how there's new voting bonuses for it, and that sort of thing, with an occasional sci-fi TV, 60s rock, or holiday greeting message for variety!
The alternate story where Linton loses the simulation tournament continues with some new voting bonuses today - an alternate version of yesterday's strip, an alternate version of today's strip, and an extra panel that answers a question you might have after seeing the two alternate strips. Thanks for voting!
2005/12/09 Button, button...
I've made several banners for Station V3, but only one link button, and that was in 2003... I figured it was time for a few new ones!
So if you want to put up a link to Station V3 somewhere, you can download one of these to use. :)
Two new bonuses today, by request... An alternate version of this week's events in V3. If Linton hadn't won the tournament, today's strip would look something like this, and the simulation would have looked a bit like this!
2005/12/03 December State of the V3
Here it is, December already! It's been an interesting year for Station V3, both in the comic (where the station's still missing!) and for the site, which moved off ComicGenesis in September. According to the site logs, people are still reading, which is good - I'm glad people like to read the strips I put online every day, so thanks for reading! Also, last month V3 hit the top 40 on Webcomics List and buzzComix, and near the top 50 on TopWebcomics. The NaNoWriMo thing didn't go too far, but it's not a total loss! (More on that at some point...) And there are over 200 V3 strip transcriptions up on Oh No Robot.
To get things started with the voting for this month, here's a bonus strip (by request) in which Floyd helps the computer keep its circuits warm. (In an interesting coincidence, I heard "Fire" by Crazy World of Arthur Brown on the radio as I was drawing this one...) Also, Linton in a very unusual security simulation, and a bad translation of today's strip. (The fourth panel comes out unchanged, but the third panel is interesting... and I like "escaping case" for "escape pod!") Thanks for voting!
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90245
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The Kronos turntable
The striking Kronos turntable that I first saw at the 2012 Montreal show was on display again, but this time it had a new tonearm. Designed by André Thériault, this prototype tonearm is distinguished by its simplicity, with only 11 parts used. No name yet, and it's expected to sell for about $8000. That's André Thériault in the picture.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90246
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Micromega Airstream
Audio Plus Services' John Bevier was sporting a snazzy bow tie at RMAF, echoing the sartorial sang-froid of another well-known audio distributor. More than one visitor to his room was puzzled by the apparent lack of any source component, yet the Focal 1038Be speakers ($12,000/pair) were playing the Gary Karr transcription for double bass and organ of the Albinoni Adagio and sounding sweet. John pointed to his MacBook, which was running iTunes with the Amarra front-end and sending the data via WiFi to the Micromega Airstream integrated amplifier ($4995), which has a WiFi front-end based on an Apple Airport Express router. This limits playback resolution to 16 bits and 48kHz, but for someone who wants to rip his CDs and play them with minimal fuss'n'muss, the Micromega is a contender. The system was wired with speaker cable from Crystal Cable, for which Audio Plus is now the North American distributor.
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Stephen Mejias's picture
Love the bow tie!And, whoa, way to go with the "sartorial sang-froid," JA!
Thomas Nezwek's picture
This was without a doubt the best sounding system that I had heard at RMAF in which mere mortals could afford.I have both the AS-400 and 1038BE's on my "to buy" list.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90247
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111 Wussiest Songs of All Time
Some questionable calls here. "Daydream Believer?" Did Boyce and Hart ever write a wussy song? Also some good advice: "Waltz time is a direct, foolproof route to wussiness."
However, whichever young whippersnapper wrote this list has no clue how revolutionary "When I'm 64" sounded in the midst of the youthquake. Bah humbug.
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Alan in Victoria's picture
Yeah, there is a big difference between pop music and wussy music. Anyway, I haven't really got the time right now to click through a list this big; can I assume that Dan Hill finished very near the top?
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90255
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If I Ever Get To Heaven (I Won't See You) Lyrics
Skeeter Davis Lyrics If I Ever Get To Heaven (I Won't See You)
Browse by artist name Search Browse by soundtrack
If I Ever Get To Heaven (I Won't See You)
by Skeeter Davis. Buy album CD: Other Songs GY - LON
(If I ever get to heaven I won't see you)
You say that I'm no angel but I don't claim to be
You say my life is ruin but it was you that ruined me
Remember that I only did the things you told me to
And if I ever get to heaven I won't see you
If I ever get to heaven I have to let you go
If I don't you'll be to blame cause I found out so low
The chances that I'll see those pearly gates are mighty few
If I ever get to heaven I won't see you
[ steel ]
You say you can't look up to me the way you used to do
You say that I'll do dow wrong with others like I did with you
But how can you look down on me you know I love you so
And when I'm in your arms it's heaven I can't say no
If I ever get to heaven...
sheet music Buy Skeeter Davis sheet music
cd Buy Skeeter Davis CDs
guitar tabs Skeeter Davis guitar tabs
Album: Other Songs GY - LON Lyrics
cd Buy "Other Songs GY - LON" CD
1. Gypsy Joe And Me
2. Half A Mind
3. Hand In Hand With Jesus
4. Hands You're Holding Now
5. Have I Told You Lately That I Love You
6. Have You Seen This Man
7. He Called Me Baby
8. He Doesn't Love Me Anymore
9. He Left His Heart With Me
10. He Loved Me Too Little
11. He Says The Same Thing To Me
12. He Wakes Me With A Kiss Every Morning
13. He'll Have To Go
14. Head Over Heels In Love With You
15. Heartbeat
16. Heaven Help Me
17. Hello Darlin'
18. Help Me Make It Through The Night
19. Hillbilly Song
20. Hold Me Tight
21. Homebreaker
22. Hopelessly Devoted To You
23. How Beautiful Heaven Must Be
24. How In The World Do You Kill A Memory
25. How Long Has It Been
26. How Much Can A Lonely Heart Stand
27. I Ain't A Talkin'
28. I Ain't Never
29. I Can Stand It
30. I Can't Believe That It's All Over
31. I Can't Help It (If I'm Still In Love With You)
32. I Can't See Me Without You
33. I Can't Seem To Say Goodbye
34. I Didn't Cry Today
35. I Don't Care
36. I Don't Care (just As Long As You Love Me)
37. I Don't Wanna Play House
38. I Got You
39. I Look Up
40. I Love You
41. I Need You All The Time
42. I Really Don't Want To Know
43. I Say A Little Prayer
44. I Still Belong To You
45. I Still Miss Someone
46. I Walk The Line
47. I Wanna Be Loved By You
48. I Want To See You Too
49. I Will
50. I Won't Be Hanging Around
51. I Won't Have To Cross Jordan Alone
52. I Wouldn't Treat My Dog
53. I'll Be There
54. I'll Meet You In The Morning
55. I'll Never Love Another
56. I'm Going Steady With A Hertache
57. I'm Living In Two Worlds
58. I'm Looking For A World
59. I'm Looking For Someone To Love
60. I'm Only A Woman
61. I'm So Afraid Of Losing You Again
62. I'm So Lonesome I Could Cry
63. I'm Your Woman
64. If I Ever Get To Heaven
65. If I Ever Get To Heaven (I Won't See You)
66. If You Could Read My Mind
67. In The Good Old Days
68. In The Good Old Days (When Times Were Bad)
69. In The Misty Moonlight
70. In The Summertime
71. Instinct For Survival
72. Invisible Tears
73. It Doesn't Matter Anymore
74. It Only Hurts For A Little While
75. It Really Doesn't Matter At All
76. It Was Only A Heart
77. It Wasn't God Who Made Honky Tonk Angels
78. It's A Crazy World
79. It's Different Now
80. It's Hard To Be A Woman
81. It's So Easy
82. Jackson
83. Jimmy Brown The Newsboy
84. Joshua
85. Just As Soon As I Get Over Loving You
86. Just One Time
87. Just The Way I Am
88. Just When I Needed You
89. Keep Baltimore Beautiful
90. Keep Your Hands Off My Baby
91. Ladder Of Success
92. Let It Be Me
93. Let Those Brown Eyes Smile At Me
94. Let's Get Together
95. Let's Make Love Not War
96. Little Arrows
97. Little Bitty Tear
98. Little Music Box
99. Little Things Got Big
100. Lonely Again
Song words / lyrics from Other Songs GY - LON album CD are property & copyright of their owners and provided for educational purposes.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90257
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Students pursuing the major in International Studies must complete the required lower and upper division courses as set forth below.
The program consists of five major requirements: lower and upper division coursework, the completion of a minor in the social sciences or modern languages, a semester long study abroad experience, intermediate proficiency in a foreign language, and a Senior Thesis.
• Lower Division Coursework: five classes
• Upper Division Coursework: six classes (includes Senior Thesis)
• Foreign language intermediate fluency: demonstrated by passing through Level 4 of college level language instruction.
• Semester long study abroad in your region of study
• Completion of a Minor in anthropology, economics, history, modern languages, or politics
• Senior Thesis (research project) on a topic of your choice
HOT SHEET for GRS, Spring 2014
(Hot Sheet lists courses offered during the semester that meet GRS requirements)
Lower Division Requirements:
Anthro 1: Introduction to Social and Cultural Anthropology (2 sections)
Econ 3: Principles of Micro-Economics (2 sections)
Econ 4: Principles of Macro-Economics (9 sections)
History 2: World History (1 section)
Politics 1: Introduction to Comparative Politics (1 section)
Courses Fulfilling IAS requirements:
IAS 01: Intro to Global and Regional Studies TTH 9:45-11:20
**New Course for students interested in the NEW GLOBAL STUDIES TRACK**
**For incoming 2013 first year students and later, please refer to Global and Regional Studies info sheet.**
IAS 100 (will NOT be offered in Spring 2014)
Region: East Asia
Anthro 121: World Cultures: China (required for IAS majors focused on East Asia) TTH 1:15-2:50
History 162: Modern China TTH 11:30-1:05
Lit & Art: Introduction to Japanese Culture (lower division .25 class) T 1:15-2:50
Politics: None
**By Petition only: HIS 104: Contesting Histories of the Atom Bomb:
Truman vs. Godzilla TTH 3-4:35
Region: Europe
Anthro: None
History 110: Women in European History MWF 1-2:40
Lit & Art: Eng 103: British Literature MWF 1-2:40
Span 121: 18th to Mid 20th Century Literature TTH 3-4:35
ML 186: Italian Culture and Art, Renaissance to the Present TTH 1:15-2:50
**By Petition onlyAH 145 Renaissance Art TTH 3-4:35
FR 130- French and American Perspectives MWF 10:30-11:35
Politics: None
Region: Latin America
Anthro: None
Hist 155: Latin American Environmental History MWF 11:45-12:50
Lit & Art: Span 161 Culture and Civilization of Latin America TTH 1:15-2:50
Politics: None
Other: (these courses may be of interest for IAS majors, but do not count towards IAS requirements):
POL 128: Dynamics of Terrorism TTH 9:45-11:20
POL 149: Politics of Immigration MWF 1-2:35
IAS-130: Special Topics: Global Studies (World Cities in an era of Globalization) MWF 2:45-3:50
SOC 135: Global Immigration MWF 1-2:25
ANTH 128: Food and Culture TTH 11:30-1:05
Maps & Directories
Mailing Address
Saint Mary's College of California
1928 Saint Mary's Road
Moraga, CA 94575
(925) 631-4000
Google Map | Campus Map | PO Boxes
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90268
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STScI Logo
Kaltenegger Abstract
Deciphering Spectral Fingerprints of Biomarkers on Exo-Earths
Lisa Kaltenegger (Harvard-Smithsonian CfA)
In this talk we discuss how we can read a planet’s spectrum to assess its habitability. What can we look for in a spectral fingerprint of Earth and super-Earths that can indicate life? In this talk we explore biomarkers on rocky planets, at different wavelengths, geological epochs, different biota, and their detectability. To search for signs of life we need to set the planet’s atmosphere in context with the observable features. The detection and of Earth-like planets is approaching rapidly and ground as well as space based telescopes to characterization them, are already in development phase (ELT, TNT, GMT, James Webb Space Telescope, Darwin, TPF, NWO). We will assess their effectiveness and the best observation strategy to search for the signatures of a biosphere.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90269
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Cleveland State University Wolstein Center
What's nearby
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Directions to Wolstein Center at CSU
From the South and West:
Take I-91 East, or I-77 or I-71 North. Exit at East 22nd St. Make a left. Head north for 2 blocks.
From the North and East:
Exit at Prospect. Make a right. Go west for 2 blocks.
Parking near Wolstein Center at CSU
There's room for over 600 vehicles in the South Garage, located on East 21st St. between Carnegie and Prospect. The rate varies by event.
Transportation to Wolstein Center at CSU
We don't have any transportation details right now.
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global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/90285
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Latest in physics
Compressed 02
Posted in Videos on Thu 15 Mar 2012 by Andy
Check out this piece by Kim Pimmel. He uses macro lenses, time lapse techniques and soap bubbles with ferrofluid to create an interesting effect that's almost menacing in a kind of biological/alien way.
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Physics, Space and Knitting
Posted in Interesting on Wed 08 Feb 2012 by Andrew Hillel
Check out the video of astronaut Don Pettit using knitting needles and water droplets to demonstrate physics in space. Pretty damn cool to watch how charges can affect particles in zero gravity.
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Website designed and developed by Andrew Hillel
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