id
stringlengths 50
55
| text
stringlengths 54
694k
|
|---|---|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110570
|
Since we just talked about all the silly fights you can have as a couple, it's probably a good idea for us to look at the flip side and figure out how to keep each other happy. You know, to make all the not-so-great times totally worth it.
Like, this happy.
Unfortunately, I personally have not proven myself to be good at this, having been recently described by a date as “consistently difficult” and by an ex-boyfriend as “that girl I was clearly was not very happy with because I cheated on her.”
Luckily for you, Twitter has better ideas than me. Here are some thoughts, via trending topic #HowToKeepSomeoneHappy that struck me as particularly useful. Or amusing.
First, we’ve got sweet thoughts:
Then salty…
Is that you Lady Gaga?
I’ve never actually seen Star Wars, but this seems logical.
This does not.
How does your significant other keep you happy? Do you think there’s anything missing from this list? Any on here that particularly work for you? (Bacon, probably)
More Smitten Top 10 lists:
*Guys Confess: 10 Super Simple Ways to Impress Him
*10 Things That Make Living Together Awesome
*10 Signs Your Relationship Probably Isn't Going to Work
Photo: Thinkstock
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110582
|
View Single Post
Old 05-06-2010, 20:15 #109
Senior Member
Join Date: Apr 2006
Location: suburban MN
Posts: 1,022
Originally Posted by the iceman View Post
I suspect because today people actively look for things that hurt them and if they don't find anything, they make **** up. People will ALWAYS find something to whine about and stick a racist label to it.
The country today isn't what it was 20 years ago either. Pretty f'n sad!
what he said.
brave Americans fought and died by it,makes it honorable to me.but i`m still a Damn Yankee!
Food for five years, a thousand gallons of gas, air filtration, water filtration, Geiger counter. Bomb shelter! Underground... God damn monsters.
-Burt Gummer
holyjohnson is offline Reply With Quote
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110593
|
Lesson 3
The Unity of the Gospel
(Galatians 2:1-14)
Print this lesson | Bookmark/Share:
Introduction: Last week we learned that Paul made some amazing claims for the source of his message. He claimed that Jesus personally taught him, and that no person was responsible for the message that he was proclaiming. When we investigated this, we learned that both Luke and Peter believed Paul's claims and thought that Paul was sharing a message that he learned directly from God. This week we continue the discussion about whether Paul has a message that differs from that of the rest of the leaders of the early church. Is unity important? Is disagreement in the church healthy? Should we have "Christians" and "Paulites?" Or, is the gospel of righteousness by faith the unified message of God's church? Let's dive into our study of Galatians and learn more!
1. Return Trip
1. Read Galatians 2:1-2. Recall that in chapter one of Galatians Paul says that he went to Jerusalem to visit Peter and James. Paul now returns. Why? (God told him to return. He says it was "in response to a vision.")
1. What do you think was God's purpose in having Paul to return to the "home office?" (Notice that Paul says that he "set before them the gospel that I preach among the Gentiles." God must have been concerned about a uniform gospel being taught to both the Jews and Gentiles.)
2. Paul says that he has some fears, and for that he reason spoke privately to the leadership. What fear is Paul likely speaking about?
1. Is it Paul's fear that he is wrong in his theology?
2. Is it a fear that the leaders in Jerusalem will not agree with him? (The whole tone of Galatians so far has been that Paul received his message from Jesus. He is not indebted for his message to any of the leaders back at the home office. Thus, it hardly seems that he fears that he is wrong. He doesn't seem too concerned about the leadership at the home office either. It must be that he is mostly concerned about the unity of the church.)
3. How could Paul fear that he has been running a fourteen year race in vain? (Recall that Paul is fighting against a false gospel in the Galatian church. If he does not have the backing of the home office, how can he expect to convince the Galatians that he is right? Unless there is unity in the message, his detractors will claim he is wrong.)
4. Why would Paul request a private meeting? (He obviously had opponents in Jerusalem and Galatia. Large meetings are often swayed by appeals to passion, rather than reason. By meeting with the top leaders, he could explain exactly what he was doing and teaching, and the reasons why.)
1. What does this teach us about democracy in the church?
2. Read Galatians 2:3. Was Paul successful? (Recall that one of the main issues was circumcision. The leadership did not suggest that one of Paul's primary assistants should be circumcised.)
3. Read Galatians 2:4-5. Explain how you think this "spy" thing worked? (Paul was not working in a day of phones, e-mails and television. How could the leaders of the church in Jerusalem know what Paul was teaching unless he (or some others) reported on what he was doing? The suggestion is that Paul's theological enemies were bringing back false reports to the leaders in Jerusalem. God revealed to Paul that he should make a trip to the home office to get the truth before them.)
1. Who is Paul speaking to when he says "We did not give in to them for a moment?" (Paul is speaking to the members of the Galatian church and he is referring to his theological opponents.)
1. What is Paul's motive for saying this? Put yourself in the place of a Galatian church member when you answer this. (Just as the leaders in the home office did not know what Paul was teaching the Gentiles, so the Galatian church members did not know what Paul was saying in his report to the home office. He could be saying to each group just what they want to hear. Paul assures the Galatians that he is doing no such thing. He has a consistent message whether his audience is the Jewish home office, or the Gentile churches.)
4. Read Galatians 2:6-9. Who are the important leaders? (Paul names them: James, Peter and John.)
1. Does Paul sound like a rebel here? (Yes. Have you ever noticed that someone will "overcompensate" because of a background of certain problems? I've seen this - a church focused on some problem goes overboard in that area. Paul does not need to cast doubt on the importance of James, Peter and John to enhance his own authority. Yet, that is how I read his statements which seem to reduce the importance of the leadership in the home office.)
2. Does it seem odd that Paul would have some personality defects? (Time, culture, context and translation make my conclusions about Paul's attitude uncertain. But, if I'm right it simply raises the importance of grace!)
5. I asked you earlier about democracy in the church. Paul says that he received his message directly from Jesus ( Galatians 1:11), and that he shared it with the top leaders first. It seems clear that Paul is not looking for a majority vote among the people to confirm his views. He seems to be looking for confirmation of his views from the leaders at home office, rather than being willing to receive direction from the leaders. What kind of church organization would result from these kinds of attitudes? (The only way to reconcile Paul's statements and conduct here with church organization is to believe that Paul was certain that his message was from God, and that God would make His will plain to the leadership.)
2. The Poor
1. Read Galatians 2:10 and Acts 2:44-47. Is the poverty mentioned in Galatians the result of the economic decisions of the early church? (Historically, when you remove the incentive to work for profit, poverty follows. (See Proverbs 16:26 & Proverbs 14:23.) However, Acts 11:27-29 suggests a famine might be part of the problem. Note that this famine hit the entire Roman empire.)
1. Of all the theological requirements the church leaders could have put on Paul, this is the only one. What does that suggest about the importance of helping the poor? Or, does this teach that helping the poor is just a suggestion?
2. Notice that the Gentiles were not asked to model themselves after Acts 2:44-47. Why is that? (Wait. Acts 2:45 says that believers were given what they needed. The suggestion to the Gentiles in Galatians 2:10 is to help the poor - those in need.)
3. Peter Versus Paul
1. Read Galatians 2:11-14. Let's discuss this in some detail. Paul publically confronts Peter, a prominent church leader. Should we publically confront our church leaders when we think they are wrong?
1. If the answer is, "yes," then who should do this? Anyone, or just other leaders like Paul?
2. What is the nature of the problem created by Peter? (The problem is public. Not only is Peter compromising on an important, current theological issue, but the Gentiles are being shamed into thinking they are second-class Christians. I do not think leaders should be publically confronted about private problems, only public problems.)
1. What about the question of who is entitled to confront a leader? (Paul received his message from Jesus. His message was confirmed by the leaders of the church. Those two facts are very important on the issue of confronting church leaders.)
3. Look closely at the text and notice the difference between what Paul is thinking and what he actually says. What kind of difference is there between the two? (His thoughts are harsh, but what he says is mostly a statement of uncontested fact followed by a question.)
1. What is the reason why Paul would use a question to confront Peter? (He wanted Peter to answer the question in a way that convicted Peter of his error. Compare 2 Samuel 12:1-10 where Nathan seeks King David's advice. The question is presented as a story, and David's answer convicts him of sin.)
2. Is this a lesson on how we (or church leaders) should confront church leadership? (This seems to be a great example. Only make public confrontations for public issues. The confrontation should not be harsh, but rather should seek to convict the leader of the sin problem. It is best for leaders to confront other leaders. Confrontation should not take place without the backing of the church leadership on the subject and the direction of the Holy Spirit.)
2. Friend, God is concerned about the unity of His church. Will you pray and work for a unified church?
4. Next week: Justification by Faith Alone.
blog comments powered by Disqus
Subscribe in a reader
GoBible.org Kindle Edition
Lessons on Galatians
Attention Translators!
Bible Study Software
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110677
|
Social Media Etiquette has been deleted from this chapter.Undo
4 1.2 default 0.01 700 Helvetica, Arial, Sans Serif
Diagrams are groups of frames that are organized into simple patterns or structures that can help you quickly communicate certain concepts to your audience.
To add a diagram to your prezi, click "Insert" in the top toolbar and click "Diagram." Find a diagram that fits the concept you're trying to get across, and click "Choose." Each diagram you insert will add path points to the end of your presentation.
The number of path points will be determined by the layout and content of each diagram.
Once you add a diagram and its path points to your prezi, each frame in the diagram will act like any other frame in your prezi.
Group1. A grouping of individuals that communicate, collaborate and share information within a Web application; 2. a sub-set of lists, used to target subscribers based on characteristics or interests.Click1. The pressing of a mouse pointer on a link; 2. a tracked metric of users that click on a specific element.LikeAn endorsement of a product or service, piece of content or post. The term was made popular by Facebook and now can be found on a variety of Web applications that both use "Likes" within their own site and push them to Facebook.Prezi5854Add Structure to Your Prezi With Diagrams
Learn how to use Prezi
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110718
|
[Haskell-cafe] Can I use Haskell for web programming
Neil Mitchell ndmitchell at gmail.com
Sat Jan 21 08:31:55 EST 2006
> Can I use Haskell to do what people do with, say, PHP?
I wrote Hoogle (http://haskell.org/hoogle) using Haskell, without
using any libraries - just directly as a console program. It's open
source so you can download it and see how its done, if you want. Of
course the web handling bit is more low level than WASH and HSP.
On 21/01/06, Maurício <briqueabraque at yahoo.com> wrote:
> Hi,
and more
> I have the need for that, and I've been looking into Ruby on Rails. Do
> you thing Haskell could be a choice? Of course, I don't need something
> exactly like PHP (for instance, I don't care if I can't insert code in
> the middle of xhtml pages. If I have to generate everything from Haskell
> code, I would probably like it. Also, CGI can be a choice). But I need
> reasonable efficiency and to be able to find someone to host my site.
> What solutions do you suggest me?
> Thanks,
> Maurício
> _______________________________________________
> Haskell-Cafe mailing list
> Haskell-Cafe at haskell.org
More information about the Haskell-Cafe mailing list
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110719
|
Gábor Lehel illissius at gmail.com
Sun Jun 3 12:25:50 CEST 2012
On Fri, Jun 1, 2012 at 4:37 PM, James Cook <mokus at deepbondi.net> wrote:
> On Jun 1, 2012, at 6:11 AM, Gábor Lehel wrote:
>>> TypeFamilies (aka TFs)
>>> These are really nifty and they're all the rage these days. In
>>> a formal sense they're equivalent to fundeps, but in practice
>>> they're weaker than fundeps.
>> Is that still true? The reason used to be that we didn't have
>> superclass equalities, but we do have them now since 7.2. The only
>> drawbacks I know of relative to FDs are that it's sometimes more
>> typing, not supported by GeneralizedNewtypeDeriving, and doesn't allow
>> OverlappingInstances (ick).
> For example, if you define:
>> type family Succ a
> The equivalent in MPTCs+FDs would be:
>> class Succ a b | a -> b, b -> a
class (S a ~ b, P b ~ a) => Succ a b where
type S a
type P b
(Succ a c, Succ b c)
(S a ~ c, P c ~ a, S b ~ c, P c ~ b)
(P c ~ a, P c ~ b)
(a ~ P c, P c ~ b)
(a ~ b)
Like above:
class (FD1 a b ~ c, FD2 b c ~ a, FD3 c a ~ b) => BinOp a b c where
type FD1 a b
type FD2 b c
type FD3 c a
You can mechanically translate MPTCs with FDs into MPTCs with ATs and
superclass equalities in this way, and your fingers will get a lot of
exercise. But that's the basis for the claim that TFs with superclass
equalities are no less powerful than FDs. It's true that this doesn't
always allow you to express everything as just plain top-level type
families, but then, neither do FDs :).
@wren, did you have some other examples in mind?
More information about the Haskell-Cafe mailing list
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110733
|
Why Stinkor never made it
by James Eatock
One character that was noticeable in the toys never made it into the cartoon.
In the batch of episodes dated 1985 from season two of He-Man and the Masters of the Universe we were introduced to the next line of figures; Sy-Klone and Moss Man for the good guys, with Spikor and Two Bad for the bad guys. Keen followers of the toy line will note that one character did not make the transition in that particular group. Stinkor!
It is understandable why such a character cannot make the transition from toy to screen. His power of smell is hard to work into a storyline. Having said that, the mini comic that came with Stinkor tackled the situation rather well, and gave the character some credibility.
As Robert Lamb now explains Filmation were not all that happy with the character. "I remember Stinkor. I was part of the writing staff when Arthur Nadel and crew took a field trip to Hawthorne, California to Mattel headquarters. The She-Ra toy line was introduced to us by women designers who displayed how capes could be used as skirts on the dolls. It was kind of a "Barbie Goes Barbarian" thing. Then it was the guys' turn and we got our first look at the Horde. The male designers introduced each character with great excitement, relishing every nasty attribute they could name. The only hitch came when Stinkor was introduced. Arthur immediately vetoed a character that was basically a walking fart joke. Only two skunk characters have worked in cartoons to my knowledge; Pepe Le Pew and Flower from Bambi.
Larry and I thought of a dozen hilarious situations for Stinkor, Hordak, and She-Ra. Things like;
Stinkor enters the room and Hordak turns his arm into a giant match;
Stinkor gives away the Horde's position in an ambush because of his scent;
Stinkor sprays a cloud of gas at the rebels and She-Ra turns her sword into a giant fan and blows the stink back causing the Horde to pass out; that sort of stuff.
There was a character named Perfuma in She-Ra. She and Stinkor would have made a fragrant combination. We even thought of a thirty second moral ending about air pollution, and one about the effects of different foods, like beans, on digestion."
Having read Robert's comments, maybe it is a good thing that Stinkor never made it into the He-Man and She-Ra series.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110734
|
The 12 Best Ways to Prevent Colorectal Cancer
Credit: Corbis
2 of 14
Take an occasional aspirin
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as aspirin, are thought to cut colorectal cancer risk. But routine use can cause serious problems, such as gastrointestinal bleeding.
People with high heart-attack risk can take a baby aspirin every day, but at the higher doses of aspirin that could help prevent colorectal cancer, the risks appear to outweigh the benefits.
Still, Dr. Neugut says, if you're taking aspirin to prevent coronary artery disease, you could get a bonus in colon-cancer prevention. Only a very high colon-cancer risk might warrant NSAIDs for cancer prevention, he says.
Next: Don't smoke
» View All
More Ways to Connect with Health
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110757
|
One Pint Too Many
Unusual Prelude, An
Story Summary
On the evening before the departure of the funeral cortage, Faramir is already feeling unusually cheerful when he finds an old friend has been nearby for some time now... Comedic drama. *Slightly AU for liberties taken with chronologies*
Chapter List
Ch# Title Words Updated
1 An Unusual Prelude 2,081 16 Feb 05
Appx. Word Count 2,081
Challenge Entries by Soubrettina
Does not include placeholders or non-viewable stories.
Challenge Type Title Entered
Culture and sexuality Oliphaunt Thawing Lily January 10, 2007
Culture and sexuality Oliphaunt A Man's a Man October 30, 2006
Mortality Closed Strange awakenings October 30, 2006
Marital Spats Closed A Man's a Man October 30, 2006
Your Favorite Poem! Closed Strange awakenings June 16, 2005
In Challenges
Story Information
Author: Soubrettina
Status: Beta
Completion: Complete
Rating: General
Last Updated: 02/24/05
Original Post: 02/15/05
Back to challenge: One Pint Too Many
Go to story: Unusual Prelude, An
Keyword Search
Results are ordered alphabetically by title.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110773
|
Lifestyle October, 17 2013
Panasonic Lumix GM1 – The World’s Smallest Micro Four Thirds Camera
Panasonic has just announced the new Lumix GM1, making it the smallest Micro Four Thirds camera to date. The tiny mirrorless camera packs a 16-megapixel Micro Four Thirds-sized sensor inside its 98.5mm x 54.9mm x 30.4mm body. The Four Thirds and Micro Four Thirds market has been steadily growing to accommodate the demand for more portable DSLR cameras, making the Lumix GM1 a welcome addition. The camera also features a three-inch touchscreen, pop-up flash and Wi-Fi capabilities. A new 12-32mm (24-64mm equivalent) f/3.5-5.6 collapsible kit lens will be released to go with the new smaller body. The GM1 will retail for $749.99 including the 12-32mm kit lens, while a release date is still to be announced.
Filed under:
1. Source: The Verge
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110784
|
September 27
This Day in History
Sep 27, 1967:
"My Mother, The Car" exported to France
On this day in 1967, a French television network begins to broadcast the first (and only) season of the American sitcom "My Mother, The Car," the first TV show to star a talking automobile. The show's premise--a man visits a used-car lot and finds a 1928 Porter convertible that is, somehow, the reincarnation of his dead mother--was fairly ludicrous; perhaps as a result, it only survived for one season (1965–66) in the United States. In 2002, TV Guide named "My Mother, The Car" the second-worst television show of all time. (First on the list was The Jerry Springer Show.)
"My Mother, The Car" told the story of a small-town lawyer named David Crabtree who, while shopping for a used station wagon for his family, finds instead a dilapidated Porter touring-car from the 1920s. When he hears his dead mother, Gladys, speak to him through the car's radio, he realizes that the Porter is no ordinary convertible: Strangely enough, it's the reincarnation of his mother herself. To play Crabtree, Jerry Van Dyke (brother of Dick, whose eponymous hit sitcom was still airing when "My Mother, The Car" was proving itself to be a clunker), turned down the title role in "Gilligan's Island."
The day after the show's American premiere in 1965, one reviewer predicted that it would be "an Edsel with critics, but a hot rod with the public." He was right: many viewers loved the show, but critics loathed it. One called it "a horror which defies description," and another pointed out that it was "so bad it didn't even sell to the Japanese who are notoriously broad-minded about buying everything American networks turn out." The apparently broader-minded French didn't seem to mind it so much when it began airing there in 1967, a year after its cancellation in the United States.
No one took the show seriously while it was on the air and no one has taken it seriously since--but "My Mother, The Car" has the dubious honor of being the first live-action TV show to feature a talking car as its protagonist. Since then, TV's most famous talking car has been KITT, the robot star of two versions of the show "Knight Rider."
What Happened on Your Birthday?
Pick a Date
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110787
|
How Do I...?
Do you have a question? Having difficulty getting a podcast episode to work? Check out our FAQ section for tips and ideas on what to try. Take me there >>
How to Download a Podcast Episode
You can choose to watch the video podcasts online or download just the episodes you need.
Download Instructions (PC):
Right-click on "for iTunes" or "for Windows Media Viewer" and select "Save target as..." to download the podcast. (If you are using Firefox, select "Save link in..")
Download Instructions (Mac):
Ctrl-Click on "for iTunes" and select 'Download This File'. (If you are using Firefox, select "Copy Link Location"; for IE, choose "Download This File.")
The file(s) will download to your desktop (or download folder). When you double click on the file, it will open and start playing in either iTunes or your default media player, such as QuickTime or Windows Media Player.
Birding Podcasts: Species Profiles
Selected Podcast:
Wood Duck
Download This Podcast Episode
Download All Species Profiles Podcasts
(486 MB)
(219 MB)
About This Category
Think of these as celebrity profiles: brief, informative portraits of some of North America's most popular bird species. Each one will give you a new appreciation for some of our avian superstars and tips for recognizing them when you see them. You can download all podcasts in this section.
Species Profiles - All Podcasts
Wood Duck
Wild Turkey
Common Loon
Bald Eagle
Peregrine Falcon
Atlantic Puffin
Greater Roadrunner
Red-headed Woodpecker
American Robin
Northern Mockingbird
Northern Cardinal
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110794
|
Quick Links
Want to tell a friend about Digital Yacht Ait2000 Class B Transponder W/Gps Antenna Includes Programming Fee? It's easy. Just enter the information requested below, click the "E-mail a Friend" button, and your message is on its way.
Name of recipient:
*Recipient e-mail address:
Your name:
Your e-mail address:
Personal Message:
The above image says:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110815
|
Google+ Facebook button Twitter button
Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES) artwork
Super Mario Bros. 3 (NES) review
"They say nothing in this world's perfect, and I suppose that's true. But there are some things out there that seem to be so flawless, so impressive, so ingenious down to the tiniest detail, that we can't help but declare them, if not perfect, then perfect enough. Take Super Mario Bros 3 for example. Not only was it light years ahead of anything that came before it, but it was light years ahead of everything that came afterwards as well. It seems like Nintendo took every detail that I think i..."
They say nothing in this world's perfect, and I suppose that's true. But there are some things out there that seem to be so flawless, so impressive, so ingenious down to the tiniest detail, that we can't help but declare them, if not perfect, then perfect enough. Take Super Mario Bros 3 for example. Not only was it light years ahead of anything that came before it, but it was light years ahead of everything that came afterwards as well. It seems like Nintendo took every detail that I think is important in a platformer, refined it to the highest possible degree, and built upon that a masterpiece. I'm still in awe every time I play the game how it all comes together, how a game of this magnitude could have even been made in the first place. Sure, it sounds corny, but I seriously believe this is as close to perfect as videogames will ever get.
It all begins with the fundamentals of course, and fortunately Mario 3 is based off the best. The original Super Mario had near perfect controls, allowing you to run and jump to your heart's delight. And it's the combination of these two, virtually to the exclusion of all else, that really made this series what it was. It's not just that the controls were so responsive and tight (which they are), but also the way they're used.. For instance, Mario won't stop immediately when you stop running, which you'll have to account for. But it also means you can run and then duck, sliding under blocks or enemies while still moving forward. And you can gauge the heights of your jumps as well. The important thing is that as you become more familiar with this game, the controls will become a part of you. You'll be able to leap into abandon and land directly on a tiny platform far away with ease. Or you'll run on some ice, slide under a ledge, immediately get up and jump on an enemy, using him to get a power jump up onto another small ledge, which you'll hit running and leap off a split second later. It's not just that the controls are so tight. It's that you'll be able to perform a complex series of runs and jumps automatically, without thinking about it. Your control over Mario is so complete that every action you take is almost instinct, allowing you to get through even the most harrowing of obstacles without ever slowing down. There will never be a point where you can blame the controls for your problems, something that can't be said for most games. The oft imitated run&jump of Mario has never been beaten, and has never been this good.
Mario 3 expands upon this, offering a host of new moves from flying to carrying shells. But whereas in most games these serve to replace or to weaken the traditional elements, here it only enhances them. You can slide down hills, killing the enemies on there, and then blast off as soon as you hit the bottom. You have to build up some speed before you can fly, requiring you to run and jump around all the obstacles. The speed that you're running and jumping affects the trajectory of your hammers with the hammer bros suit. See how it all comes together? And of course, the level design was created around all these things. Some tricky areas can be bypassed by flying; others by the hammer bros suit. Tough swimming becomes easier with the frog suit. You can aim at blocks that are tough to hit by picking up shells. Secrets can be found with all sorts of new tricks. It's not just a hodge-podge of new ideas like some games, however, they were all fully integrated into the levels. Every skill and powerup was useful, yet you didn't need every skill and powerup. Obstacles could be passed through multiple techniques, all while not overshadowing the rest of the level. Platform jumping and running was still important at all places, and the game was still built around interacting with the level design rather than a focus on your own actions. The extras here do not fundamentally change the classic Mario formula, they only serve to bring it to an all new level.
So what does this all mean? In many inferior platform games, the emphasis is on meeting one challenge at a time. You have to fight one tough enemy, or you have a series of complex jumps up a waterfall, or you have to perform some complex move to reach the higher platform. But here, none of the jumps are difficult, none of the enemies are difficult, and none of the moves are difficult. Instead, you face all of these at once, allowing emergent gameplay to remain supreme. See, the minor challenge from the enemies and the platforms and the correct jumping all work together, forcing you to worry about them all at once. And when you factor running into the equation, the challenge reaches a whole new plane. You have smooth transitions from one challenge to another, making the entire level feel like a complete experience. You have more room for creativity, as your challenges aren't tied down to just one issue. And it also means Nintendo has room for creativity as well, as they can mix and match their enemies and platforms and moves at a whim. Instead of the actions involved defining the gameplay, it's the levels. And when that happens, you get a very sleek experience. Everything just comes together, emerging into brand new challenges and brand new experiences. It's a lot more difficult to pull it off and make it seem natural, but Nintendo did an amazing job here.
Of course, there's always the secrets. Tons of them. It seems that every other level has some cool little bonus in it, whether it be a well hidden hammer brothers suit or just a ton of coins in the sky. But they're everywhere. Which, of course, is an integral part of what makes this game so great. You will never discover everything on your own, but there's so much there that it's impossible not to find something. It makes you want to keep playing again, to explore every nook, to try everything. Sure, you don't need the extra lives, but just getting to them is its own reward. Finding the shortcuts, knowing when to use the leaves and P-wings to get to better items, and finding a hidden coin or 20 makes the level more memorable, makes the experience more concrete. And there's also plenty of secrets that you can stumble upon by accident. Imagine going through a level with the intent of getting every coin possible, and then suddenly being rewarded with a P-Wing for your impressive skill. Imagine beating a level and suddenly finding the hammer bros. turned into a magical airship filled to the brim with coins. You may not know how you triggered them, but it's possible to get these by accident (and easier once you know the secrets). But you get to reap the rewards all the same, all while trying to contain your excitement over seeing something you couldn't possibly expect. It's these sort of things that make this game stand out. Each individual prize and secret is rare enough that they won't become commonplace and routine, yet there's still enough of them that you're bound to run into them. It makes the game more unpredictable, more momentous, more exciting.
But whether you get the secrets or not, you'll notice that you're moving through the levels rather quickly. After all, they're rather short, which, as you continue to play, fits the game perfectly. It's not like the short levels are decreasing the size of the game - there are over 80 levels to explore, after all - so it's really just a decision on where to put the breaks in the game. And by making numerous short levels rather than fewer long ones, it breaks the game up into easy, manageable chunks. Rather than be a jumble of random obstacles, each stage can focus on a few ideas, be based around certain skills or a unique scenario. Thus, the stages feel more complete; more like a single organism rather than, well, a level in a game. You're able to visualize each stage more easily, a must in a game meant to be replayed as often as this one.
Yes, replayed, which is the other great aspect of these short levels. Not only are they not a chore to play once, but they usually contain multiple routes and multiple styles of gameplay (hence making them not a chore to play multiple times). You can fly up to a secret or blaze through with fire. You can take high road or the low one. You can take the ride or swim. Because each stage is just brimming with blocks, enemies, and platforms, you can find yourself playing it differently each time you come to it. Sure, there are some which focus you in one direction, but they're few and far between. Combine this variability within each level with the sheer number of secrets, the numerous actions available, the short levels, and a focus on novel and unique stages, and you get a game in which virtually every single level becomes a standout, where you play just to see what each new stage might bring.
Take a look at world 5, for example. You start out at a level with a secret right at the very beginning. It's difficult to reach though, so you may need to waste a P-wing to get it. In any case, the level is built like a giant hill, one you must ascend and descend. Level 2 has multiple exits, and you can easily skip most of the level if you manage to take the high road without falling off. Level 3 has the famous Kuribo's Shoe, a favorite of everyone who plays the game. A mini-castle has a difficult secret in it, as well as some harrowing jumps through thwomps and lava. Now scale a giant tower into the heavens, with multiple floors (some outside) to give the illusion of travelling up a great height. Level 4 takes place across a series of clouds and pinwheels, but there's a safe route above for those with a tail. In level 5 you find the ground composed of the dreaded donut blocks, but you can also find your first tanooki suit here if you're lucky. You then have a choice to visit level 6, where you must traverse a pack of parabeetles to get to the goal (as there's not much in the way of a ground), or level 7, where you must run across the clouds and bricks, but can also sneak back onto gound level to try to get a series of stars to get past that pesky Lakitu. We're on the home stretch now as you face another mini-castle, this one with lava and podoboos jumping around, both from the ground and the ceiling. Then race across the clouds with Lakitu chasing after you, with virtually no coins or other enemies to distract you. The final level is a vertical scrolling one, forcing you to jump ever higher while dodging projectiles from a fire chomp. Do you not see? Every single level offers something new to make it memorable, to make it different, to make it fun. Every level. On every world.
OK, so I do have one minor nitpick. In some of the levels, the screen scrolls automatically, and you can't go any faster or slower than the game allows you to. This can be used for great effect, particularly in the air fleet level of world 8. Jumping from ship to ship while avoiding projectiles and keeping up with the blazing speed makes this one of the most nerve-racking and intensive levels in the game. Likewise, world 6 has a scrolling level littered with donut drops and coins, forcing you to keep moving without letting the ground fall out beneath you and testing your ability to grab all the loot. And the airship levels are generally so loaded with cannons and traps that you'll have too much on your mind to worry about going slow. But sometimes these automatic scrollers simply slow the game down too much, as you stand by the right side of the screen wishing things would go faster. This is still relatively rare, and doesn't hurt the rest of the game one bit, but it does mean that some of the levels aren't as much fun as they could be.
Now, some would argue, quite vocally, that the lack of saving is also an issue. I heard Miyamato took it out on purpose, and if so I completely agree with him. This game is not meant to be saved. It is not meant to be merely passed or completed, it is meant to be experienced. You are supposed to play these levels over and over again, so that the game becomes a part of you. Remember what I said earlier about the level design and the controls complementing each other, so that the entire game becomes intuitive? You need to replay the levels over and over to get that. When you do, the emergent properties of the game shine: the multiple options through every level, the string of minor obstacles becoming more difficult with speed being added to the mix, the unique aspects of each level complementing each other. If you simply saved your progress every time, completing the game only once, you'll miss all the magic this game gives you. Levels will become disjointed, challenge will disappear, brilliant level design will be missed. That's why the levels are so short: so they don't feel like a chore to complete. That's why the warp whistles are found so early in the game: so you are given the freedom to go wherever you want. That's why there's so many opportunities for extra lives: so you can always get past a level if you die a lot while still keeping a strong challenge if you don't want to waste the time to grab 1000 coins. That's why level designs are so unique: so that you'll look forward to seeing them again rather than considering them a chore. I think it's important to see the lack of saving as it truly is, the key to making this game so great rather than a flaw. Sure, you could play it on the SNES or GBA and save your progress. But when you're playing one of the few games that are fun to play over and over again until you master it, why would you want to limit yourself to a mere shadow of the experience this awesome cartridge gives? The lack of saving makes the game better!
There's a reason I come back to play this game so often, why I'm constantly disappointed when trying something new. Super Mario Bros 3 is by far the best platformer ever made. Sonic, Kirby, Donkey Kong, Rayman, and even Mario World can't hold a candle to the platforming bliss this game provides. The amount of moves is so vast while still not overshadowing the classic run and jump formula. The short levels and sheer variety make each individual stage stand out, allowing an unprecedented level of variety and flair while still being a cohesive game. Meanwhile, the lack of saving encourages replay, while the sheer number of secrets and focus on emergent gameplay as opposed to shallow challenges insures that replaying it is always fun. Each of these elements on their own is important in and of themselves, but they all complement and reinforce each other, coming together to form a game greater than the mere sum of its parts. And when that happens, there's really only one thing you can call it. Perfect.
Rating: 10/10
mariner's avatar
Community review by mariner (September 04, 2005)
More Reviews by mariner
Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance (GameCube) artwork
Fire Emblem: Path of Radiance (GameCube)
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (GameCube) artwork
Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time (GameCube)
Mario to Wario (SNES) artwork
Mario to Wario (SNES)
If you enjoyed this Super Mario Bros. 3 review, you're encouraged to discuss it with the author and with other members of the site's community. If you don't already have an HonestGamers account, you can sign up for one in a snap. Thank you for reading!
Info | Help | Privacy Policy | Contact | Advertise | Links
eXTReMe Tracker
© 1998-2014 HonestGamers
None of the material contained within this site may be reproduced in any conceivable fashion without permission from the author(s) of said material. This site is not sponsored or endorsed by Nintendo, Sega, Sony, Microsoft, or any other such party. Super Mario Bros. 3 is a registered trademark of its copyright holder. This site makes no claim to Super Mario Bros. 3, its characters, screenshots, artwork, music, or any intellectual property contained within. Opinions expressed on this site do not necessarily represent the opinion of site staff or sponsors.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110867
|
Huffpost UK uk
Jeanette Winterson Trolled For Killing & Cooking Rabbit That Ate Her Herbs (PICTURES)
Posted: Updated:
Print Article
The 54-year-old captured the animal in a cage, killed, skinned, boned and cooked it, feeding the innards to her pet cat. She then joked about crafting a glove puppet with the animal's head.
Here’s how the saga unfolded.
Winterson’s tweets saw scores of her own followers turn against her, with some branding her the Mr McGregor of Twitter, in a reference to the farmer whose garden Beatrix Potter’s creation Peter Rabbit sneaks into.
One vowed never to read the Oranges Are Not The Only Fruit author's work again.
But many described her actions as "fair enough", "brave" and commended her actions.
Winterson addressed the outrage, asking: "Why is farmed meat fine but personally trapped game disgusting? Think about it."
On Wednesday she spoke to BBC Radio 4 World At One about her experience (listen below), describing reactions to it as “worse than (the rumours which sparked the outrageous tabloid headline) ‘Freddie Star ate my hamster’.”
While the writer admitted she was “surprised” by the response (and says she is still receiving around 100 tweets a minute), she stuck to her guns.
She said: “The rabbit population is out of control, you can’t let them breed.
“If you are going to cull you might as well eat them.”
jeanette winterson
Jeanette Winterson was awarded an OBE for services to literature in 1991
When asked about the tweeter who informed her she would no longer be reading her books, Winterson replied: “She’ll have to stick to reading vegetarians, which I think will limit her reading list quite a lot.
“I would like people to understand what it means to eat animals. They are not made of fairy dust.
“I have a rabbit population which is decimating my vegetable and flower garden. I’m going to deal with it.”
A spokesman for animal-rights charity PETA told Huffington Post UK: “Jeanette Winterson makes a solid point about the horrors of modern farming, but that doesn't diminish her own callousness.
“Rabbits are sensitive, smart, social animals who form life-long bonds, and each has a personality in his or her own right. Snuffing them out for a fleeting moment of taste is arrogant, ignorant and cruel, whether they are trapped, factory farmed or shot.
“The public's outrage at Jeannette Winterson's act reflects famous vegetarian Paul McCartney's words that "[i]f slaughterhouses had glass walls, everyone would be vegetarian" but this in no way excuses deliberately setting traps for these or any other individuals who are just living their lives.
“When witnessing where meat comes from, most people react with revulsion, but revulsion alone won't change anything unless we follow that through to its logical conclusion and make the decision to leave animals off our own plates.”
According to the GB Non-Native Species Secretariat, rabbits are considered to be the most costly non-native species globally, due to the damage they cause grassland, crops and young trees.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110873
|
iOS app Android app More
Michael J. Petrilli
GET UPDATES FROM Michael J. Petrilli
Do We Need a Virtual Education Ministry?
Posted: 03/ 8/2012 1:10 pm
The conventional wisdom among reformers today is that "we know what to do, but we don't have the political will to do it." I'd frame it differently: We increasingly have good policies in place, but we don't know how to turn them into reality. And because most policies aren't self-implementing, we have to solve the problem of "delivery" if reform is going to add up to a hill of beans.
Those of us at the Fordham Institute (and our partners at the Center for American Progress) have been making the case that the governance structures of U.S. public education impede our ability to do implementation right. Local school districts -- with their elected school boards, susceptibility to interest group capture, and lack of scale -- aren't always inclined or well suited to turn legislative reforms into real change on the ground. I've wondered out loud whether we should abolish school districts and run the whole kit and caboodle out of state departments of education.
That's still a tantalizing idea, but probably too radical for anyone to take seriously in the immediate future. So here's an alternative: How about creating a "virtual education ministry" that school districts would choose to associate with voluntarily? (Creating more than one of these entities would even better.) Think of it as a private-sector department of education, but run much more efficiently and with higher-quality staff than the government ever could.
Such a ministry would be akin to the comprehensive school reform organizations of the 1990s (such as Success for All, Modern Red Schoolhouse, Expeditionary Learning, etc.) or the charter management organizations of the 2000s (Aspire, Achievement First, Uncommon Schools, etc.), except that it would focus on "whole district reform" rather than "whole school reform." (This would also distinguish it from myriad other organizations that provide piecemeal consulting or solutions to school districts. The intent here is to be soup-to-nuts.)
Picture a non-profit organization governed by a prestigious board with a range of experience and expertise. Its mission would be to build the capacity of interested school districts in order to prepare their students for college and career readiness, as defined by the Common Core. It would be particularly attractive for small- to medium-sized districts that don't have the scale to develop their own curricula or engage in their own research and evaluation (in other words, most of the school districts in the nation).
This "ministry" would tackle the following responsibilities (as bona fide ministries of education do in most European and Asian countries):
• The development and continuous improvement of a curriculum aligned to the Common Core. This curriculum would incorporate the best available resources -- from textbooks, online learning materials, etc. -- into a coherent scope and sequences for every major subject in grades K-12.
• The creation and management of a robust instructional support system. Such a system would incorporate curricular materials, lesson plans, videos of master teachers, interim assessments, social tools for professional interaction among teachers, etc. (The "ministry" could very well buy this, rather than build it, as several vendors are working on this sort of solution.) The ministry would have personnel on staff to facilitate conversations among teachers, answer questions, identify promising practices, load "master videos," and otherwise ensure that a true professional community develops online that stays focused on effective classroom practice.
• The development and continuous improvement of "standard operating procedures." What are the best approaches to classroom management? How to build a strong school culture focused on achievement? What goes into an effective "Response to Intervention" system? What are the best ways to serve students with certain disabilities? What staffing models are most cost-effective? What do strong programs for English language learners look like? In elementary school, how often should students take "specials" (art, music, P.E., library, etc.)? What do model student schedules look like in middle school and high school?
• The development of a virtual HR office. This office would publish guidelines on best practices around teacher and administrator recruitment and selection (including offering screening tools, examinations, etc. for schools to use); model collective bargaining agreements; model teacher evaluation forms (and ancillary materials); and training for school leaders in inducting, managing, and, when necessary, terminating staff, among other topics.
• The creation of a robust research and development function. This R&D capacity would be essential to ground as many decisions as possible in sound research, as well as feedback from on-the-ground educators throughout the network. It would stay busy (via staff or contractors) answering practical questions. Which parts of the national curriculum are working well and which aren't, and why? Which instructional strategies are leading to strong achievement growth, and deserve to be highlighted in the instructional support system? How should the "standard operating procedures" be revised over time? For example, what new evidence is available about effective classroom management strategies? What is current "best practice" in the treatment of students with autism, or those with developmental delays? How should the screening tools for principals and teachers be fine-tuned, based on the latest data? How can the network's school model be made as cost-effective as possible? This shop would also be responsible for screening the myriad vendors that want their products to be part of the ministry's school model. (More on that below.)
• Accreditation of teacher and administrator preparation programs aligned with the ministry's model. It would recruit schools of education and alternate-route providers into a network of programs dedicated to preparing educators for the ministry's approach. Candidates would be screened according to the ministry's criteria (based on rigorous evidence); fieldwork would take place in participating school districts; and coursework would be tightly aligned with the curriculum and standard operative procedures of the network's schools.
When this "virtual education ministry" is built out, then, participating schools and school districts would be immersed in a coherent system that includes teacher selection and preparation; a common curriculum and related (and robust) instructional supports; detailed guidance on key instructional issues, such as those related to special education; and support for school leaders on essential management tasks, especially evaluating their teachers. And because the "ministry" wouldn't live in the governmental sector, it wouldn't face all the impediments that make it so hard for school districts or state departments of education to recruit and retain high-quality staff.
Imagine if the network grows to serve one-fifth of the nation's student population, or 10 million children. Tool-builders could petition the "ministry" to include their solutions in its instructional support system or standards operating procedures. If a product is approved -- because of its compelling evidence -- the ministry could encourage all of its participating school districts to purchase it -- perhaps at a discount rate through the ministry itself. This would facilitate the "scaling up" process dramatically.
Is it possible that such a "virtual education ministry" (or two or three such entities) could provide all the benefits of a national or state-driven education system, without the political risks and backlash? Let me know what you think.
Originally published on the Fordham Institute's Flypaper blog.
Follow Michael J. Petrilli on Twitter:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110886
|
Projects Programming book reviews, programming tutorials,programming news, C#, Ruby, Python,C, C++, PHP, Visual Basic, Computer book reviews, computer history, programming history, joomla, theory, spreadsheets and more. Tue, 29 Jul 2014 10:42:40 +0000 Joomla! 1.5 - Open Source Content Management en-gb Accessing Salesforce Data from Angular.js In this tutorial we show you how to sign up for a Salseforce developer account and build a connected app that gets contacts from the user’s account and shows them using twitter bootstrap.
]]> (Mohit Taneja) Web Fri, 25 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000
Getting Started with Google Earth Google Earth is more capable than Google Maps, but to use it you have to download a plug-in and learn a new API. This article explains that it's not so difficult and there are some easy to understand principles behind what looks like a complex API.
]]> (Ian Elliot) Web Tue, 08 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000
The Knapsack Problem I like problems that look simple and turn out to be really difficult. It's the way that something simple can hide a complexity that you never guessed at. Fortunately for me the universe seems to be built in this way! One particularly fascinating problem, that also has applications in cryptography, is the knapsack or sum partitioning problem.
]]> (Mike James) Algorithms Tue, 01 Jul 2014 00:00:00 +0000
Building Geo-tracking Apps with AngularJS, Ionic, and the Salesforce REST API This project, based on the REST API, takes you through the steps required to create an iOS Geo-tracking app using free resources and open standards - OAuth protocol and RESTful APIs - ideal for a multi-platform environment.
]]> (Mikhail Yurasov) Mapping & GIS Thu, 26 Jun 2014 11:58:56 +0000
]]> (Ian Elliot) Web Tue, 04 Feb 2014 00:00:00 +0000
]]> (Ian Elliot) Mobile Thu, 16 Jan 2014 12:48:55 +0000
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110900
|
[ic] Akopia in PHP
Jeff Dafoe [email protected]
Fri, 23 Feb 2001 10:35:09 -0500
> Have you downloaded and looked at Interchange? We're talking about
> language".
I think the real issue that negates any possibility of Interchange being
recoded in php is that php cannot be used to create a daemon or any other
type of non-web-based application. This would make it impossible to recode
interchange in php. One could probably recode the vlink/tlink CGI to run in
php, though.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110901
|
Inbreeding Coefficient
When inbreeding is mentioned, it usually conjures up unpleasant thoughts. As with most things, the reality may not be as bad as the expectation.
A close look at the genetic process shows that an animal has two copies of every gene, one each, from its sire and dam. If parents are
completely unrelated, there is no inbreeding. (This is unlikely among animals of the same breed like ISDs.)
Inbreeding is what happens when identical genes are inherited from the parents. For this to occur, the sire and dam must have a common
ancestor. This common heritage is expressed by a term called the inbreeding coefficient (IC) first proposed by Sewell Wright in 1922.
The chance of inheriting identical genes from both parents increases when they are more closely related. When mating two related animals, we
never know exactly how inbred the offspring will be. Only a full DNA analysis could tell us.
However, inbreeding probability can be estimated through pedigree analysis. This number, the inbreeding coefficient, estimates the percentage
of identical genes that are inherited. Inbreeding coefficients are estimates, not guarantees. Inbreeding coefficients are not backed up by real
data. We cannot know exactly which genes are transmitted.
If we mated the same parents many times, some offspring would be more inbred than the estimate and others less inbred than the estimate. The
inbreeding coefficient does not identify whether the genes matching up are desirable or undesirable. If an animal inherits good identical genes,
then inbreeding is beneficial. If an animal inherits bad identical genes, then inbreeding is harmful.
Results of individually mating related animals vary based on the number of identical genes that get matched up by chance, and the quality of
those genes that happen to be identical.
The key to the inbreeding dilemma is to find a balance between genetic selection and control of inbreeding. In fact, inbreeding can be a wise
way to make gains towards the "Breed Standard" in a relatively short time.
The inbreeding coefficient (IC) can range from 0 to 100%. The IC indicates the probability that the two alleles for any gene pair are the same
because they are inherited from a common individual ancestor.
The IC is partially a function of the number of common ancestors in a pedigree. It is also a function of the location of those ancestors in the
pedigree. Are those ancestors great-grandparents, great-great-grandparents, etc.?
The IC is not necessarily a function of the inbreeding of the parents. For example one can mate two highly inbred individuals who are not closely
related to one another and produce a litter with a very low IC. Those individuals come from different families, different inbred families.
(Because the potential number of ancestors doubles every generation, eventually you reach a point where the number of ancestors exceeds the
number of individuals alive at a point in the past. At that point you are bound to find some common ancestors.)
It is also possible to mate two closely related dogs, both of which have low ICs, and boost the IC substantially.
If we had only a single common ancestor to deal with, it would be relatively simple to understand IC scores. However, there are two
1. In the average pedigree there may be a large number of shared ancestors. Therefore, the total inbreeding for a dog cannot generally be
calculated manually. Appropriate software must be used.
2. If there are more than one or two common ancestors in a four or five generation pedigree, the inbreeding is probably already rather high.
Unfortunately, having no common ancestors within four or five generations is no guarantee that common ancestors will not occur in abundance
further back. Some pedigrees of this type (with common ancestors further back than four or five generations) can still achieve moderately high
inbreeding coefficients.
The number of shared ancestors may be used as a rough guide, as the inbreeding coefficient is very sensitive to when and where they occur in a
The IC measures the probability that a mating will produce puppies with identical alleles of a gene. An IC of 10% states that probably 10,000
of the 100,000 gene pairs in the dog's chromosomes have identical alleles. Inbreeding probably should not be more than 10%. (An IC of
25.0% is equivalent to a brother/sister mating or father/daughter mating. An IC of 12.5% is equivalent to a half-brother/half-sister mating or
grandfather/granddaughter mating.)
As the degree of inbreeding increases, positive traits can be doubled up which is a good thing. However, inbreeding can carry a risk that
defective genes will double up also and produce offspring with genetic problems. Increasingly smaller litters may occur as the IC rises.
Repeated inbreeding combined with popular-sires can cause complete loss of diversity of alleles in a breeds gene pool. This may dramatically
impact the diversity that is so important to breed health.
At the 5-generation level it may appear that a cross is an outcross. Looking at ancestors beyond the 5-generation level may reveal that in reality
that cross is inbreeding.
Improving genetics starts by increasing the percent of good genes in the population and eliminating bad ones. The goal is for consistency and
uniformity. To do this, we make use of the "better" families. As more animals become descendants of those family lines, however, the chance
that we are mating distantly related animals goes up, leading to a gradual increase of inbreeding.
This may not be all bad, because we may have improved overall health and conformity to the "Breed Standard". The challenge is to continue
selection intensity without "too much" inbreeding.
While some inbred matings result in very good dogs, on the average inbred matings perform below expectation due to inbreeding depression.
Thus inbreeding can be a valuable tool but it must be used with caution.
A serious attempt must be made to identify and increase the use of "rare" family lines to promote genetic diversity.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110913
|
Chris Beaumont's IDL Library
Download source code
single page | use frames summary class fields routine details file attributes
catalog processing
result = ysotag(i1, i2, i3, i4 [, verbose=verbose])
This function tags sources with IR excess based on their colors in Spitzer IRAC bands 1-4. The cut used comes from Megeath et al 2004, ApJS 154:367. Sources are tagged as source 0/I, II, or III/main sequence
Return value
A vector of bytes the same length as i1-i4. The value at slot i is 1, 2, or 3 depending on whether the source at slot i has colors like a class I, II or III/Main Sequence star. Only sources marked as 1 or 2 should be considered as candidate excess stars.
i1 in required
IRAC band 1 magnitude(s)
i2 in required
IRAC band 2 magnitude(s)
i3 in required
IRAC band 3 magnitude(s)
i4 in required
IRAC band 4 magnitude(s)
verbose in optional
if set, then a summary of the sources is printed to the screen.
Author information
Written by: Chris Beaumont, June 2008. November 2008: Changed name from SOURCETAG to YSOTAG
File attributes
Modifcation date: Mon Mar 22 16:17:13 2010
Lines: 72
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110920
|
The Elder Scrolls Online
| |
Release Date: April 4, 2014
Edit Page Last Edit: 2 years 2 months ago
Necromancers are types of Mages that specialize in the dead. Their magic allows them to reawaken the dead to fight for them, or they could use the dead to extend their own lives.
What Links Here
blog comments powered by Disqus
Download PDF
Top Wiki Contributors
Edits: 1,027
See All Top Contributors »
Wiki Help
Need assistance with editing this wiki?
Check out these resources:
Expand Navigation
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110928
|
Communities & Groups
Publications & Resources
Career Center
CAPACITY FACTOR. (1) The ratio of current output to maximum capacity of the production unit. (2) In electric utility operations, it is the ratio of the average load carried during a period of time divided by the installed rating of the equipment carrying the load. (See DEMAND FACTOR, LOAD FACTOR.)
CAPITAL. (1) The financial resources involved in establishing and sustaining an enterprise or project. (2) A term describing wealth which may be utilized to economic advantage. The form that this wealth takes may be as cash, land, equipment, patents, raw materials, finished products, etc. (See INVESTMENT, WORKING CAPITAL.)
CAPITAL BUDGETING. The process by which organizations periodically allocate investment funds to proposed plans, programs, or projects.
CAPITALIZED ASSET. Any asset capitalized on the books of account of an enterprise.
CAPITALIZED COST. (1) The present worth of a uniform series of periodic costs that continue indefinitely (hypothetically infinite). Not to be confused with capitalized expenditure. (2) The present sum of capital which, if invested in a fund earning a stipulated interest rate, will be sufficient to provide for all payments required to replace and/or maintain an asset in perpetual service.
CAPITAL RECOVERY. (1) Charging periodically to operations amounts that will ultimately equal the amount of capital expended. (2) The replacement of the original cost of asset plus interest. (3) The process of regaining the new investment in a project by means of setting revenues in excess of the economic investment costs. (See AMORTIZATION, DEPLETION, AND DEPRECIATION.)
CAPITAL RECOVERY FACTOR. A number, which is a function of time and interest rate, used to convert a present sum to an equivalent uniform annual series of end-of-period cash flows. (See ANNUITY FACTOR.)
CAPITAL RECOVERY WITH RETURN. The recovery of an original investment with interest. In the public utility industry frequently this is referred to as the revenue requirements approach.
CASH FLOW. The actual monetary units (e.g., dollars) passing into and out of a financial venture or project being analyzed.
CASH FLOW DIAGRAM. The illustration of cash flows (usually vertical arrows) on a horizontal line where the scale along the line is divided into time period units.
CASH FLOW TABLE. A listing of cash flows, positive and negative, in a table in order of the time period in which the cash flow occurs.
CHALLENGER. In replacement analysis, a proposed property or equipment which is being considered as a replacement for the presently owned property or equipment (the defender). In the analysis of multiple alternatives, an alternative under consideration which is to be compared with the last acceptable alternative (the defender). (See MAPI METHOD.)
COMMON COSTS. In accounting, costs which cannot be identified with a given output of products, operations, or services. Expenditures which are common to all alternatives.
COMPOUND AMOUNT. (1) The equivalent value, including interest, at some stipulated time in the future of a series of cash flows occurring prior to that time. (2) The monetary sum which is equivalent to a single (or a series of) prior sum(s) when interest is compounded at a given rate.
COMPOUND AMOUNT FACTOR(S). Functions of interest and time which, when multiplied by a single cash flow (single payment compound amount factor) or a uniform series of cash flows (uniform series compound amount factor) will give the future worth at compound interest of such single cash flow or series.
COMPOUNDING, CONTINUOUS. A compound interest assumption in which the compounding period is of infinitesimal length and the number of periods is infinitely great. A mathematical concept that is conceptually attractive and mathematically convenient for dealing with frequent (e.g., daily) compounding periods within a year.
COMPOUNDING, DISCRETE. A compound interest assumption in which the compounding period is of specified length such as a day, week, month, quarter year, half year, or year.
COMPOUNDING PERIOD. The time interval between dates (or discrete times) at which interest is paid and added to the amount of an investment or loan. Usually designates the frequency of compounding during a year.
COMPOUND INTEREST. (1) The type of interest that is periodically added to the amount of investment (or loan) so that subsequent interest is based on the cumulative amount. (2) The interest charges under the condition that interest is charged on any previous interest earned in any time period, as well as on the principal.
CONSTANT DOLLARS. An amount of money at some point in time, usually the beginning of the planning horizon, equivalent in purchasing power to the actual dollars necessary to buy the good or service. Actual dollars adjusted for relative price change.
COST EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS. An analysis in which the major benefits may not be expressed in monetary terms. One or more effectiveness measures are substituted for monetary values resulting in a trade off between marginal increases in effectiveness versus marginal increases in costs.
COST OF CAPITAL. A term, usually used in capital budgeting, to express as an interest rate percentage the overall estimated cost of investment capital at a given point in time, including both equity and borrowed funds.
CUTOFF RATE OF RETURN (HURDLE RATE). The rate of return after taxes that will be used as a criterion for approving projects or investments. It is determined by management based on the supply and demand for funds. It may or may not be equal to the minimum attractive rate of return (MARR) but is at least equal to the estimated cost of capital.
< Previous | Next >
Print: Share:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110955
|
9 Brilliant Inventions Made by Mistake
Without a sloppy scientist, a creative Navy officer's wife, and a hasty sanatorium chef, we might not have penicillin, the Slinky, or Wheaties today.
Some of the most popular products we use today were accidents stumbled on by clumsy scientists, chefs who spilled things, and misguided inventors who--in the case of the glue used on Post-it Notes--were trying to create the opposite of what they ended up with. But we can all take comfort in knowing even some huge mistakes can come with silver linings, sometimes big enough to change entire industries. And sometimes, even forgetting to wash your hands has its advantages.
1. Penicillin
If Alexander Fleming's mother were around, we all might be a lot sicker.
Like anyone eager to go on vacation, Alexander Fleming left a pile of dirty petri dishes stacked up at his workstation before he left town. When he returned from holiday on September 3, 1928, he began sorting through them to see if any could be salvaged, discovering most had been contaminated--as you might expect would happen in a bacteria lab in a hospital.
As has been well-documented in history books and on the Nobel Prize website, Fleming dumped most of the dishes in a vat of Lysol. But when he got to a dish containing staphylococcus, something odd caught his eye. The dish was covered in colonies of bacteria, except in one area where a blob of mold was growing. Around the mold was an area free of bacteria, as if the mold had blocked the bacteria from spreading. He realized it could be used to kill a wide range of bacteria--and penicillin was identified.
From that minor act of scientific sloppiness, we got one of the most widely used antibiotics today.
2. The Slinky
Somehow if the song had gone: "A spring, a spring, a marvelous thing! Everyone knows it's Industrial Equipment Stabilizers," it wouldn't have been quite as catchy.
Yet that was the intended use of the springs naval engineer Richard James was developing in 1943. The sensitive springs were meant to keep fragile equipment steady on ships. Then James knocked one of his new springs from a shelf and, like a kid on Christmas morning, watched it do that famous Slinky walk down instead of just hitting the ground, as Time noted in its all-time greatest toys list last year.
He took the creation home to show his wife, Betty, who saw the potential for a new toy. After consulting the dictionary, a name sprung (sorry) to mind: Slinky, a Swedish term meaning "sleek and sinuous." By time the toy was demonstrated in front of Gimbels Department Store in Philadelphia, during the 1945 Christmas season, it was clear it would be the Tickle Me Elmo of its time. The industrial machine James had could coil 80 feet of wire into two inches, and hundreds of Slinkys were already being sold.
That's not all, either: The Slinky has found other uses, including as an antenna by soldiers in Vietnam and as a therapy tool. Whatever the use, everyone knows it's Slinky.
3. Wheaties
Mmmm, delicious bran gruel…the breakfast of champions? Just try for a second to picture Michael Jordan posing with a slopping spoonful of semiliquid grain dripping from his chin.
The legend behind this famous cereal's creation did actually begin with bran gruel, which was what a clumsy dietician at the Washburn Crosby Company was preparing in 1922 when he spilled some on a hot stove top. The gruel drops sizzled and crackled into flakes. Once he gave a flake a taste, the cook realized his accident had created something that tasted way better than that old gruel. He got the head honchos at Washburn on board, and they tried 36 different varieties of the creation before developing the perfect flake that wouldn't crumble in the box.
Even the name could have gone another way. The cereal was released as Washburn's Gold Medal Whole Wheat Flakes; soon after, an employee contest resulted in the name being changed to Wheaties, allegedly beating out Nukeys and Gold Medal Wheat Flakes, though who would have known 90 years ago that so many gold-medal winners would eventually don the box of that glorified gruel?
4. Post-it Notes
You know how when you're done with a Post-it note, you throw it in the wastebasket? Yeah, that was pretty much what Spencer Silver almost did when he was trying to develop a superstrong adhesive for 3M laboratories in 1968 and came up way short. Instead, he had invented the opposite: an adhesive that stuck to objects but could be easily lifted off.
Silver proselytized the potential uses of his new, sort-of-weak glue around 3M for years, all to deaf ears. Finally, a colleague named Art Fry attended one of Silver's seminars in 1974 (3M has long been known for encouraging employees to step outside of their own departments to see what people in other areas of the company are doing). Fry saw a use where no one else did: holding his page in his hymnbook, which his bookmarks kept falling out of. And when you added Silver's mild adhesive to paper bookmarks, a rudimentary Post-it Note was born. Lest you think this is just silly corporate legend, even the Web fact-checker gave this a "True" rating.
3M finally agreed to distribute the Post-it Notes nationwide in 1980, a decade after Silver had first stumbled upon the formula. Thirty years later, they'd be as iconic to the American office as the stapler and the fax machine, with the added bonus of being great for dorm-room pranks and stop-motion animation viral videos.
5. The Color Mauve
In 1856, 18-year-old chemist William Perkin turned out to be quite the young prodigy, inventing synthetic dye and going on to help fight cancer. Only, dye was nowhere close to what he intended on making.
Perkin was working on a creating an artificial version of the malaria drug quinine. Instead, his experiments produced a dark oily sludge. Not only did the sludge turn silk a striking shade of light purple, it didn't wash out and was more vibrant and brighter than the existing dyes on the market. Up to that point, dyes were made mostly of insects, mollusks, or plant material. As later chronicled in the book Mauve: How One Man Invented a Color That Changed the World, by Simon Garfield, Perkin's invention of mauve coloring became the hit of the Paris and London fashion scenes; Queen Victoria even wore it to her daughter's wedding in 1858.
Perkin's work with dyes inspired German bacteriologist Paul Ehrlich, who used the inventions to pioneer immunology and the first chemotherapy, eventually winning a Nobel Prize.
6. Plastics
Can you imagine carrying water bottles made of clay or using disposable utensils made of eggs and animal blood? The legend of the discovery of plastic says that were it not for two accidents, those might be the materials we'd be stuck with today.
The first tale starts in the lab of Charles Goodyear (yes, that Goodyear), who combined rubber and sulfur and accidentally put it on the stove for a period of time. When he came back, he found a tough and durable material--created through a process eventually called vulcanization.
The second was a spill in John Wesley Hyatt's shop. Inspired by a $10,000 contest to find a replacement for elephant ivory in billiard balls, Hyatt accidentally spilled a bottle of collodion, only to discover that when it dried it formed a flexible-yet-strong material. He didn't win the contest (nor did anyone, for that matter), but by 1872 his brother Isaiah coined the term celluloid to describe what was becoming the first commercially successful plastic--even used in the first motion-picture film used by George Eastman.
7. Saccharine
The familiar sweetener in the pink packet was discovered because chemist Constantin Fahlberg failed to do what even a high school chemistry student knows: Always wash your hands.
Prepare to be grossed out. Here's the scene: It's 1879, and Fahlberg was sitting in his lab, toying around with new uses for coal tar, to no great success. The work interested him so much he forgot about his supper until late, then rushed off for a meal with his hands all still covered in laboratory goo, as he later admitted in an interview with Scientific American.
He broke a piece of bread, put it to his lips, and noticed it tasted unusually sweet. He rinsed his mouth, wiped his mustache with a napkin, and found the napkin tasted sweeter, too. Even the water in his cup tasted syrupy. Then he did what would surely gross out any scientist passerby: He stuck his thumb in his mouth, then went back to his laboratory and tasted every beaker and dish in the lab until he found the one that contained saccharin.
Luckily for dieters everywhere, he managed not to poison himself along the way.
8. Corn Flakes
Dr. John Kellogg and his brother Keith would have fit right into today's world of new agey health fads. In 1894, however, they were probably laughed at as weirdo health freaks who put visitors at their hospital and health spa in Battle Creek, Michigan, through strange health regiments that included abstaining from meat, alcohol, tobacco, and even sex. One part of that regiment was eliminating caffeine by using a coffee substitute made of a type of granola. After cooking some wheat, the men were called away, as happens when you're running a busy sanatorium. When they came back, the wheat had become stale, but, ever the budget-conscious hippies, they decided to force it through the rollers anyway.
Instead of coming out in long sheets of dough, each wheat berry flattened and came out as a thin flake. The brothers baked the flakes, and, boom, a new breakfast cereal fad was born, as the Kellogg's official website points out.
That wasn't the only cereal trend that was born at the Battle Creek sanatorium: Charles William Post, who later founded Postum Cereal Company (aka Post Cereals), was a student of Kellogg's. He developed his own line of products based on the cereal he ate at the clinic. The Post cereal company went on to make Honeycomb, Fruity Pebbles, Waffle Crisp, and lots of other sugary cereals the health-conscious Kellogg probably would have shaken his head at.
9. Pacemaker
Wilson Greatbatch made a classic dumb move: pulling the wrong part out of a box of equipment. It was a major act of numskullery that became a major part of saving millions of lives.
In 1956, Greatbatch was working on building a heart rhythm recording device at the University of Buffalo. He reached into a box and pulled out a resistor of the wrong size and plugged it into the circuit. When he installed it, he recognized the rhythmic lub-dub sound of the human heart. The beat, according to his 2001 obituary in The New York Times, reminded him of chats he had had with other scientists about whether an electrical stimulation could make up for a breakdown in the heart's natural beats. Before then, pacemakers were hulking machines the size of TVs. Greatbatch's implantable device of just 2 cubic inches forever changed life expectancy in the world. Now, more than half a million of the devices are implanted every year. Not bad for a numskull.
IMAGE: Getty
Last updated: Aug 15, 2012
TIM DONNELLY | Columnist | Contributor
Register on today to get full access to:
All articles | Magazine archives | Livestream events | Comments
Or sign up using:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110972
|
History of Indian English Literature - Informative & researched article on History of Indian English Literature
Indianetzone: Largest Free Encyclopedia of India with thousand of articlesIndian Literature
Forum | Free E-magazine | RSS Feeds
Home > Reference > Indian Literature > Indian English Literature > History of Indian English Literature
History of Indian English Literature
History of Indian English literature retraces those contours of the exceedingly esteemed line-up of indigenous authors.
More on History of Indian English Literature (3 Articles)
Not much surprising enough, Indian literature in English and its historical evolvement had happened alongside the consolidation of British imperialism in India. There however exists a variety of opinion about the first definitive Indian text in English, although critics come to the agreement that history of Indian English literature dates back to at least the early 19th century. Its beginnings had received their impetus from three sources - the British government`s educational reforms, the endeavour of missionaries and, the response and acceptance of English language and literature by upper-class Indians. First, there were the educational reforms called forth by both the Charter Act of 1813 and the 1835 English Education Act of William Bentinck. In an endeavour to rectify and equalise some of the materialistic and ravenous, hence compromising, practices of the East India Company servants, the English Parliament had approved the Charter Act, which had made England responsible for the educational betterment of the natives. The subsequent English Education Act, prompted by Thomas Babington Macaulay`s ill-famed "minute" on Indian education, made English the medium of Indian education and English literature a disciplinary subject in Indian educational institutions.
Indian English Literature has matured from a sapling to a firmly rooted tree that blooms with its entirety still awaiting its yet-to-come metamorphosis. Indians, however, did not take to penning in English in a day - it took umpteen historical events and illustrious and notable personalities to bring Indian writing in English to its contemporary eminence. The basic historical perspective of English Indian literature is an effort to contextualise the growth and rise of this genre - from its inception to its present-day glory. Indian literature in English however possesses a relatively recent history; it is actually only one and a half centuries old. History of Indian English literature enlightens readers that the first book written by any Indian in English was by Sake Dean Mahomet, titled Travels of Dean Mahomet; Mahomet`s travel treatise was published in 1793 in England. In its early stages, the narration was influenced by the Western art form of the `novel`. Early Indian writers made thorough use of unadulterated English by Indian words to communicate an experience and understanding which was fundamentally and in essence, Indian.
In the contemporary Indian scenario, the country possesses a sizeable number of populace that has English as either primary or secondary language of means of communication. This is precisely because India had once served as a colony of the then British Empire, for close to 200 years, thus calling for a very precise and exact solid reason for history of Indian English literature and its consistent blooming. However, India`s association with the British and hence English is even older. It is now a universally acknowledged fact that Mughal Emperor Jahangir had granted William Hawkins licence to trade in India in the year 1608 and that was when the English had placed its first step upon the Oriental soil. In the due course of history, British concluded their conquest of India in a triumphant and scheming manner. Thus, the distribution of English language along with the Empire in India was not quite a bolt from the blue, but rather a much expected aspect. English replaced Persian as the court language in early 19th century and interpreting and relating to English became a matter of survival for the urban class rather than a matter of conceit. As a new block of population began to emerge from the grass-roots, English language spread its wings and together with it, English literature in India also began to gather its gradual historical ripening.
Most of the early exponents of English Literature in India were however British, which is yet again, not surprising, because back then India was perhaps not in a state under British domination to reproduce native English brilliancy. On the other hand, leaving some of the much later Indian exponents, history of Indian English literature belonged solely to the socialite British class. The likes of George Orwell, Rudyard Kipling and Jim Corbett had lent the preliminary push (although in the indeed initial and budding times of Indian English literature, these men themselves were quite abhorrent of native living and style of possibly everything) that was later carried on by several British authors. Rabindranath Tagore, Michael Madhusudan Dutt, Rishi Aurobindo Ghosh, Jawaharlal Nehru and Sarojini Naidu who contributed much profoundly to the historical maturation of English literature in India, initially had represented the natives, serving as the pre-Independent mouthpiece to these hapless men. But it was only in the mid nineteen seventies that a new breed of `boarding-school educated`, elite brand of Indian English authors started to rise forth on the global radar. These lent the much-needed life blood to English literature with their crisp, bantering yet subtly humorous and realistic fictions that were devoured all over the world.
The history of English language and literature in India all starts with the advent of the East India Company (an English company established and formed to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and south-eastern Asia) in India. The East India Company was formed in 1599, at a meeting participated by leading London merchants and after more than 150 years, the Company held the key to the domination of Bengal and India in general. The Battle of Plassey was fought in 1757, but Lord Clive had refused the liability of Diwani or revenue administration and it was in 1722 that the East India Company took over its duty. And still later, precisely in 1790, the liability for administering criminal justice was also bestowed upon the Company. The Company was, however, interested in political authority and supremacy only to the degree that such supremacy would manifold and multiply its own dividends. It was directly interested neither in Empire building nor in the `Kingdom of Christ` - and certainly not in the repression or augmentation of indigenous culture. But here existed exceptions as well. Warren Hastings had established the Calcutta Madrasah in 1781, Sir William Jones had established the Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1784 and Sir Thomas Munro too was much bemused and stupefied by the Indian ancient cultural wonders. These men came to be renamed as the `Brahmanised Britons`, because they admired Indian culture and strongly disapproved the idea of introducing Western civilisation or Christianity into India in any form.
By the commencement of the 19th century, Britain - or East India Company - was more or less the master of the situation in India. In 1813, the commercial monopoly of the Company was lent a curtain call and the British in India acquired, beside police functions, educating and civilising deputation as well. History of English literature in India, had by this time, taken much gigantic proportions, with the nascent buds beginning to bloom in a yet unsure direction. However, in such a context, a token grant of rupees one lakh per year was granted for education and the proposal was to promote only Oriental education. Printing presses in different parts of the country and books in the vernacular language as well as in English were begun to be issued since the beginning of the 18th century. Together with grammars, dictionaries and translations, the printing presses also brought out the first ever newspaper - James Augustus Hickey`s Bengal Gazette (1780) and others came after in due course. Last to arrive in the illustrious history of Indian English literature, were the private schools that imparted English education. Such schools had been started as early as 1717 at Cuddalore near Madras, 1718 in Bombay (by Richard Cobbe, a chaplain) and 1720 in Calcutta, endowed by the Thomlinsons, closing in the establishment of Hindu College in 1817.
Begun by Raja Ram Mohan Roy and his friends - David Hare and Sir Edward Hyde East, the Hindu College had become the Presidency College in 1855, still recognised as one of the most premier educational institutes in Kolkata. Western education was fast being circulated in different parts of India and was performing much better than the institutions imparting oriental and indigenous education. The Orientalists and the Anglicists continued to bicker and squabble still, but it was quite apparent that the former were steadily losing ground and Lord Macaulay`s celebrated `Minute` decided the issue at last. History of English literature in India was thus gaining its higher grounds by being uplifted and rejuvenated under the still good-hearted Britishers, striving for excellence in the Indian native scenario. Macaulay had declared that it was obligatory, mandatory and possible to "make the natives of these country good English scholars and that to this end our efforts ought to be directed." On 7th March, 1835, Lord William Bentinck had also resolved that "the great object of the British Government ought to be the promotion of European Literature and science among the natives of India, and all funds appropriated for the purpose of education would be best employed on English education alone." From 1835 was thus ushered in the `Anglicising Period` in the historical development of English literature for India. However, such an audacious British move was yet rather hanging in the midsection, with the natives yet to decide the upcoming ill-effects and malicious English domination, which could only be shovelled out in the mid 20th century.
During the 20 years between 1835 to 1855, the number of those enlightened in English were witnessed to increase rather rapidly and vociferously. It is known that even during 1834-35, 32,000 English books were sold in India, as against 13,000 in native Indian languages. Indian English literature and its history and evolutionary maturation was verily perceived when the craze for English books heightened. The demand however came more from the English educated Indian bunch as opposed to from the Englishmen in India. In 1853, the first railway was established in India, followed by the first telegraph line in 1854 and a modern postal system was also inaugurated to boost Indian English literature towards a successful historical exploitation. Distance was being gradually abbreviated and a common medium of communication was being demonstrated. Sophisticated European scientific techniques (incorporating medicine and surgery) were slowly being introduced in India. It was thus conceived that India was eventually progressing from its static and secure `medievalism` to a vibrant `modernism`.
Indians began with reading, speaking and apprehending English and they soon started writing also in such a `foreign` medium. Once this was ushered in, the history of Indian writing in English began to range from the most useful and functionary prose to the most motivated and determined verse-epics, for instance. On the other hand, Indian writing in English was but only one of the materialisations and expressions of the new creative impulse in India - what is often referred to as the `literary Renaissance in India`. The study of English literature as can be seen historically, had energised and perked literary creations in Bengali, Marathi, Telegu, Gujarati and other various Indian languages. And Indo-Anglian literature possessed the same origin as the other modern literature in India, although here the foreign factor seemed more noticeable and marked. And in this context, the two distinct categories of Indian English literature during British India and Post-colonial Indian English literature came to the surface, perfectly mirroring the pre-Independent and post-Independent society.
(Last Updated on : 25/04/2009)
More Articles in Indian English Literature (112)
Recently Updated Articles in Indian Literature
Origin of Jain Literary Canon
Origin of Jain Literary Canon can be traced to very early days. The Jain Canon has been preserved very carefully even to this day. Bhadrabahu was a prominent teacher of Jain Canons.
The Asura Analogues
The Asura Analogues is an anthology series that contains three different stories namely Virulents, Eat the Dead and The Leaves. It is published by Liquid Comics.
Spider-Man India
Spider-Man India is an original Indian comics limited series that was specifically created for the Indian readers. It is adapted from Marvel’s Spiderman series.
Fauladi Singh
Fauladi Singh is a fictional comics character who appeared in Diamond Comics. Fauladi Singh along with Dr. John and Lambu protect the earth from various alien attacks.
Jimmy Zhingchak- Agent of D.I.S.C.O.
Jimmy Zhingchak- Agent of D.I.S.C.O. is comic book about Jimmy Grover who is a young dancer.it is created by writer Saurav Mohapatra and illustrated by Anupam Sinha.
E-mail this Article | Post a Comment
Forum on Indian Literature
Free E-magazine
Subscribe to Free E-Magazine on Reference
Contact Us | RSS Feeds
Jupiter Infomedia Ltd.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110983
|
Posts Tagged ‘phpbb3’
Akismet SPAM Filtering in phpBB3
June 3rd, 2009 Mark 6 comments
Recently I’ve been seeing a shitload of Spambot signups and actual spam postings on my Coopersguns BodyBuilding forums
phpBB 3 had a little spam hiatus whilst the spammers cracked the new captcha system, however it’s obviously been well and truly broken now
I decided to clean the forums up and get rid of the spammers. I have employed 2 techniques:
1. A phpBB3 mod called daroPL_AntiSpam
2. Some code I quickly conjured up to check with Akismet when a comment is posted
I will obviously be talking about the latter here, follows are instructions on how to implement the Akismet check on posts:
If you want to copy & paste the following code snippets, hover over them and click the ‘copy’ button
1) Download akismet-php-curl-class
2) Copy the akismet.curl.class.php from the archive to your phpBB3 forum’s ‘includes’ folder (e.g. ~/public_html/forums/includes)
3) Edit message_parser.php in the ‘includes’ folder and make the following changes:
if (!class_exists('bbcode'))
After it, insert the following
if (!class_exists('akismet')) {
include($phpbb_root_path . 'includes/akismet.curl.class.' . $phpEx);
// Check number of links
if ($config['max_' . $mode . '_urls'] && $num_urls > $config['max_' . $mode . '_urls'])
$this->warn_msg[] = sprintf($user->lang['TOO_MANY_URLS'], $config['max_' . $mode . '_urls']);
return (!$update_this_message) ? $return_message : $this->warn_msg;
After it, insert the following:
// Akismet SPAM check
if (($user->data['user_posts']<=6) && ($user->data['user_type']==0)) {
$akismet_comment = array(
'comment_type' => 'comment',
'comment_author' => $user->data['username'],
'comment_author_email' => $user->data['user_email'],
'comment_author_url' => $user->data['user_website'],
'comment_content' => $this->message,
$akismet = new akismet('YOURAKISMETAPIKEYHERE','');
if(!$akismet->error) {
if($akismet->valid_key()) {
if($akismet->is_spam($akismet_comment)) {
$this->warn_msg[] = $user->lang['AKISMET_SPAM'];
$a_to = "";
$a_subject = "Attempted SPAM Post by ".$user->data['username'];
$a_body = $this->message;
$a_headers = "From:";
mail($a_to, $a_subject, $a_body, $a_headers);
4) Edit posting.php in the ‘language/en/’ folder (obviously you’ll need to add this to other languages your users use too)
'TOO_FEW_CHARS' => 'Your message contains too few characters.',
After it, insert the following:
'AKISMET_SPAM' => 'Your message looks like SPAM.',
5) Finished!
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110985
|
| Share
Amelia Earhart
Aviator / Missing Person
Born: 24 July 1897
Died: 2 July 1937 (presumed dead in plane crash at sea)
Birthplace: Atchison, Kansas
Best known as:
The pioneering female pilot who disappeared in the South Pacific in 1937
Aviation legend Amelia Earhart is most famous for the mysterious circumstances of her death: she disappeared in 1937 somewhere in the South Pacific, near the end of an attempted round-the-world flight. Before her disappearance, Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous women in America. She had set many flight records, including becoming the first woman to fly solo across both the Atlantic Ocean (in 1932) and the Pacific Ocean (in 1935). She also was the first woman to fly across the Atlantic in a multi-person plane, making the crossing in 1928 with pilot Wilmer Stultz and Lou Gordon. She and her navigator, Fred Noonan, disappeared near Howland Island in the South Pacific on 2 July 1937, on one of the last legs of their around-the-world flight. Despite extensive searches at the time (and in the years since), no clear evidence has ever been found of Amelia Earhart, Fred Noonan, or their plane. She authored the books 20 Hours, 40 Minutes (1928, about her first trans-Atlantic flight) and The Fun of It (1932).
Extra credit:
Amelia Earhart was married to publisher George Putnam from 1931 until her death... She was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross by Congress in 1932 (the DFC was later restricted to military recipients only)... Amelia Earhart was sometimes called "Lady Lindy," a reference to famous flier Charles Lindbergh, the first man to fly solo across the Atlantic... Amelia Earhart has been played onscreen by Diane Keaton (in the 1994 TV movie Amelia Earhart: The Final Flight), by Amy Adams (in Night at the Museum: Battle of the Smithsonian, 2009) and by Hilary Swank (in Amelia, 2009).
More on Amelia Earhart from Infoplease:
24 X 7
Private Tutor
Click Here for Details
24 x 7 Tutor Availability
Unlimited Online Tutoring
1-on-1 Tutoring
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110987
|
| Share
impressment, forcible enrollment of recruits for military duty. Before the establishment of conscription, many countries supplemented their militia and mercenary troops by impressment. In England, impressment began as early as the Anglo-Saxon period and was used extensively under Elizabeth I, Charles I, and Oliver Cromwell. "Press gangs" forcibly seized and carried individuals into service; frequently subjects of foreign countries were taken. After 1800, England restricted impressment mostly to naval service. The Napoleonic Wars increased English need for sea power and led to the impressment of a large number of deserters, criminals, and British subjects who had become naturalized Americans. (Until 1850, England did not recognize the right of a man to renounce his nationality.) Frequent interception of American ships (see Chesapeake) to impress American citizens was a major cause of the War of 1812. England generally abandoned such forcible measures after 1835. In Prussia, impressment was introduced by Frederick William I after 1713, laying the groundwork for Prussian military power in the 18th cent. It reached its height under Frederick II (Frederick the Great) who made forced recruitment on foreign soil an integral part of the Prussian military system. Impressment was used in many countries as a method of ridding society of undesirables. Persons of property, apprenticed youths, and other respectable citizens were often exempted by law. The system fostered gross abuses and was often a means of private vengeance. It filled the army and navy with a group ready for mutiny, desertion, or other disloyalty, and it adversely affected voluntary recruitment. After 1800 impressment tended to become a means of enforcing conscription, and it fell into disuse after 1850.
See J. R. Hutchinson, The Press-Gang Afloat and Ashore (1914); J. F. Zimmerman, Impressment of American Seamen (1926, repr. 1966).
More on impressment from Infoplease:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Political Science: Terms and Concepts
24 X 7
Private Tutor
Click Here for Details
24 x 7 Tutor Availability
Unlimited Online Tutoring
1-on-1 Tutoring
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110988
|
| Share
Boris Karloff
Karloff, Boris (kärˈlôf, –lŏf) [key], 1887–1969, Anglo-American actor, b. Dulwich, England; his original name was William Henry Pratt. A distinguished character actor with a superb speaking voice, Karloff was famous for his monster roles in Hollywood horror films, notably Frankenstein (1931). His other movies include The Ghoul (1933), The Bride of Frankenstein (1935), Isle of the Dead (1945), and Targets (1968).
More on Boris Karloff from Infoplease:
See more Encyclopedia articles on: Film and Television: Biographies
24 X 7
Private Tutor
Click Here for Details
24 x 7 Tutor Availability
Unlimited Online Tutoring
1-on-1 Tutoring
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110990
|
Internet Explorer 10 Broadens Flash Support
by Jeff Martin on Mar 14, 2013 1
Microsoft has announced increased Flash support on IE10 running on Windows 8 and Windows RT. This content will now be enabled to run by default and solidifies Flash's position on the Windows platform.
Researcher Breaches Windows RT's Security System
by Jeff Martin on Jan 10, 2013
An independent security researcher has discovered a way to run unsigned desktop applications on Windows RT running on Microsoft's Surface. InfoQ has an exclusive interview with the creator of the exploit.
Surface SDK 2.0 Targets Windows Touch Devices
by Abel Avram on Jul 12, 2011
With Microsoft Surface SDK 2.0 one can write applications for both Surface and Windows Touch devices.
MIX 2011: What to Expect
by Jonathan Allen on Apr 12, 2011 3
A DSL for Multi-touch Gestures
by Jonathan Allen on Oct 22, 2010
The Widespread Release of the Surface SDK Brings New Features
by Jonathan Allen on Dec 10, 2009
Microsoft Bringing Multitouch to Windows
by Jonathan Allen on Oct 26, 2008
Microsoft is planning on publicly releasing the Surface SDK at this year's PDC. This is seen by some as the next step towards bringing their multitouch technology to the Windows operating system.
Windows 7 Will Be the Next Operating System from Microsoft
by Abel Avram on May 29, 2008
Chris Flores, a Microsoft director on the Windows Client Communications Team, talks about the future of Windows.
General Feedback
Privacy policy
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/110994
|
Provider: ingentaconnect Database: ingentaconnect Content: application/x-research-info-systems TY - ABST AU - Durán, C.E. AU - Mata-Lorenzo, L.E. AU - Recht, L. TI - Natural Variational Problems in the Grassmann Manifold of a C*-Algebra with Trace JO - Advances in Mathematics PY - 2000-09-01T00:00:00/// VL - 154 IS - 1 SP - 196 EP - 228 KW - Schatten p-norms KW - Berwald metrics KW - Finsler metrics KW - extremals KW - Grassmannian N2 - We consider a family of natural variational problems in the Grassmannian of a C*-algebra with trace which can be considered as slightly degenerate Finsler metrics. We show that all these problems have as solutions the standard geodesics and that the short standard geodesics are absolute minima of the functionals restricted to a special class of curves. Copyright 2000 Academic Press. UR - ER -
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111002
|
Posted in: News
Bigfoot In Oregon? Residents Report Strange Noises That Could Be Legendary Creature
Bigfoot In Oregon? Residents Report Strange Noises That Could Be Mythical Creature
Is Bigfoot in Oregon?
People living near an Indian reservation in a remote part of the state seem to think so. They’ve been waking up to some strange sounds coming out of a nearby forest, roars and screeches that sound nothing like the wildlife they’re familiar with.
Residents first started hearing the noises last month, and rumors quickly spread that it could be a young Bigfoot separated from its mother.
The noises of the possible Bigfoot in Oregon are so frightening that even grown men’s hair stands on end when the noises were heard, resident Sylvia Minthron told The Oregonian. Another man said his dog was too terrified of the noises to go out for a walk.
Not everyone thinks there really is a Bigfoot in Oregon, The Daily Mail notes. Others in the community think the simpler explanation is that the strange noises come from a fox or coyote.
Bigfoot, also known as Sasquatch, is known as a mysterious ape-like creature believed to inhabit forests. Sightings have been centered on the Pacific Northwest region, Oregon in particular.
So is there a Bigfoot in Oregon? Enthusiasts of the creature think that they are getting closer to finding the elusive Bigfoot, and sightings continue. Late last year, a group of hikers in Utah encountered what they thought was a bear, but then the animal turned and stood on two legs, looking very much like Bigfoot.
Articles And Offers From The Web
158 Responses to “Bigfoot In Oregon? Residents Report Strange Noises That Could Be Legendary Creature”
1. Stacey Holt
Are they sure it wasn't just some guests from the resort who got drunk and wandered into the woods for some "private time"?
2. Brad Borchers
Whats the difference between Bigfoot and jesus?? Bigfoot is real.
3. MrLawless Antipc
It was Beyonce, thats what she sounds like when she isnt lip syncing.
4. Michele Carlson Engel
Katie Catherine Brolet, here ya go, it's finally happening. Now you HAVE to move to Oregon! lol
5. MrLawless Antipc
Be awesome if Barry and Big Foot could trade places.. like in that Disney movie.
6. Michele Carlson Engel
the whole thing is just silly. my friend who still lives in CT, is convinced I will see BigFoot out here in Cave Junction, OR one day. I told her I have sat outside in the middle of the night by myself and never have I heard or seen Big Foot, Now it is a running joke. It keeps us occupied anyway. Obviously, there is no such thing as big foot.
7. Michele Carlson Engel
starting to get old? It is almost as ridiculous as the whole Zombie apocolypse, which I thought for a long time was just a joke, but then came to realize that there are people who really think this is going to happen. Like all of the dead people are going to rise from the graves and come to eat our brains. Really people? what are we 5?
8. Michele Carlson Engel
clearly someone else who realizes this is all a joke!!
9. Anonymous
I don't know why anyone believes in bigfoot, ghosts, aliens or sea monsters?
10. Anonymous
MrLawless Antipc Do you know what lip syncing is? ITS "HER" VOICE JUST PRE RECORDED. She still sounded beautiful regardless if it was recorded before the event.
11. James Cole
We would have to be some pretty messed up kids if we were thinking of the undead eating people's brains at age 5.
12. Robert Rob Cornelius
Ok read the story.. Big news in case you didn't know bears stand on two legs..
13. Anonymous
You will never know what it is if you don't investigate the sounds. Have a bunch of people with guns investigate.
14. Anonymous
Get a bunch of people with guns, and investigate the noises. Until you do that you won't find out what it is…duh.
15. Eric Gallmeyer
segadsden23 do you know that they make most people sound better on cd's
16. Anonymous
oh so you knew jesus himself? tell me what does he do these days?
17. Darren Bennion
I've seen a UFO ( about 8 or 9 of them all at once in 1988) and a ghost (in my sisters home, in the bedroom I was sleeping in, in the dark, right in the middle of the room, A bright illuminated column of light..I got out of bed….walked around the light and when I reached out to touch disappeared…I was sober and it scared the crap out of me. I will never forget what I saw. …but not bigfoot, sea monsters or the easter bunny. But seriously I have seen the UFO's and a ghost (or whatever that strange light was)
18. Anonymous
see its people like you that saying that JESUS isn't real thats the problem with people like you if JESUS isn't real than how was the earth created and how were people created it wasn't by no big bang theory and we are not from no monkeys
19. Eric Bondad
I really bow the curiosity mission on mars and telescopes on light year stars, but I think earth itself is more mysterious.
20. Mike Gessel
Almost choked on breakfast reading that the only real jesus is the one that works in the restaurant down the street from my house
21. Anonymous
There is a research center in the city where I live. I once babysat in a plantation home about 1/4 mile from the center. I kept hearing screams/noises and got a little scared. As it turned out, the noises were tcoming from the monkeys at the research center. The sounds that I heard on the bigfoot video are very similar to the sounds I heard that night while babysitting.
22. Tracey Jones
its not bigfoot panthers make sounds like that it can sound like a woman screaming or a baby crying I have personally heard panthers in north carolina when camping they only do it at nite that's when theyre hunting.
23. Olde Rose
After you are beamed aboard the Mother Ship, you will have part of your answer. We of the Planet Zargon are with you insofar as your skepticism of sea monsters, though.
24. Anna Chek
Actually, cougar make screeching sounds that will definitely stand a person's hair on end. Normal.
25. Mark Hadley
There have always been Bigfoot reports in Oregon–more than in most places. Not sure why this non-sighting even made the news.
26. Brian Hart
Yes, it is a previously made recording, but, is it a recording of Beyonce? Did you see her record it? And don't forget, according to liberals, truth and reality are based entirely on individual perception so no matter what the truth is concerning Bigfoot, Alien visitation, Beyonce, Obama's birth certificate, perception, no matter how made, is all that matters.
27. James Ellis
a few people who distorted facts and ignore what even secular scholars say as true about a real historical Jesus, have given something new for Atheist to claim. But for these so called enlightened people who want facts sure are quick to jump on lies that agree with their predetermined outcome of thoughts.
28. Brian Hart
Be careful about reanimation. Reports persist about nearly invincible Nazi platoons in WW2. NOT brain eating ghouls but bodies that would not die when shot many times. Soldiers witnessed Allied intelligence officer bagging these particular bodies and hauling them away while leaving regular Nazi dead lying about. Drugged up enemy soldiers? They did not cry out in pain when being shot nor did they attempt to protect themselves. Understand that of all the myths and stories, reanimation is most likely to be achieved. Just ask those veteran witnesses of WW2.
29. Dan Lindholm
This story neglected to tell you that an American team has three complete DNA strands of Sasquatch and have determined conclusively through 5 years of study that Sasquatch are 99% Homo Sapien or Human and the other 1% is an unknown primate. Sasquatch and humans split 15.000 yrs ago when a male of the unknown primate species mated with many human women and created the hybrid species. This is 100% proof that a previously unknown primate species has been living on the fringes of our knowledge the whole time. So you can scratch Bigfoot off of your list of non entities. The findings of the American team are under peer review and an official announcement of the new species and official scientific name is forthcoming. Russian scientists have found the same evidence to be true concerning the Yeti, and British scientists are also studying the DNA evidence. There is an apparent race to get the credit for this new discovery. Look it up on Youtube and see the evidence for yourselves. It's the real deal.
30. Sigmundr Úlfhéðnar
I've heard plenty of foxes and wolves etc and also heard recordings of these noises that are believed to be bigfoot and have heard it myself in northern MN and believe me it is nothing like a fox, wolf, coyote, mountain lion. if you have lived in a city forever and never even heard either you may assume "its a fox" but foxes cannot make a noise so loud you can hear it for miles and also audible language like the bigfoot "samurai chatter".
31. Brian Hart
There is a TV show called "Finding Bigfoot" concerning the efforts of a team of investigators searching for Bigfoot. The leader of the group claims he's been searching for over 25 years, yet, he has no definitive physical proof. The one "scientist" on the show is either playing along so she can stay on TV or is totally inept. The other two are funny with the "Bobo" character being so ridiculous that he destroys any shred of the show's credibility. He clearly spent too many nights alone in the wilderness.
32. Mags Vazquez
Big Foot AKA Rush Limbaugh and apparently his mother is looking for him.
33. Scott Andrews
they should be captured and work for the CIA…They are the most elusive creatures on earth. We could deploy them anywhere and get instant results. Seriously they have to be the smartest living thing on earth if their real!
34. Kathy Ralston
I am sure the area would love to have money from the tourists that they are hoping to get from this convenient publicity. Times are hard!
35. Joel Hobson
Lets focus on your mother GERALD CHERNEY YOU LITTLE BIOTCH. Nobody wants to talk about your boy jeeessuuusss. Shut the f u c k up and move on pusher boy.
36. Anonymous
So this means they will probably send that group of "chickens" from the Animal Planets show about Bigfoot, right? I have watched that show enough times to know that when they actually hear a bigfoot type of noise, they all of a sudden start turning on their normal bright lights and start talking louder. When ever one of them says,"did you hear that?" the camera is pointed in some other direction insted of where the host is pointing. I don't watch the show anymore because of the on camera chickens hosting the show!
37. Curt da Silva
It's just the Republican party moaning and crying, now that they have realized that they are no longer relevant.
38. Steve Huff
I do think it is more likely Rosie O'donnell John, but one thing that bothers me is people from New York or Chicago thinking someone from Oregon or Wyoming might not know what a coyote or fox sounds like. The larger creature a coyote makes a yelping sound when a group is united. It can be loud and irritating. Other than that, they are silent hunters. Wolves make a wolf howl that everyone is familiar with, and a similar yelping among pups when the Alpha male, female, and the pack return to a den. The sounds are distinct! So when some elitist jerk from some big city tries to tell a Native American or a native Montanan what a coyote sounds like, I find them very irritating, especially when the NY media can't even tell the difference between a European Elk (moose), and an American elk.
39. David R. Williams
Steve, we hear coyotes nearly every night in the woods around us. The next time you come over will have to have a few MULs and listen to them.
40. Sherri Kowalski
I would NOT have gotten out of bed. I just would have covered my head with the blanket :(
41. Paul Yates
Sure Big Foot lives here, its our state mascot. LOL However the person in The Dalles that had so called foot impressions, admitted it was all fake. But, don't leave home without your camera.
42. Paul Yates
Sure its in Oregon, that is our state mascot. LOL Don't leave home without your camera.
43. Paul Yates
Sure Big Foot lives in Oregon, its our state Mascot. Don't leave home without your camera.
44. Steve Huff
I listened to the sounds they recorded. No creature I have ever heard. Not a four legged creature. Almost like out of a horror movie.
45. Anonymous
What in the heck is Ray Lewis doing in Oregon, you are suppossed to be getting ready for big game.
46. Lynda Newman
One never knows for sure. They keep finding new species and even ones they thought were extinct.
47. Gary Newton
I think we should send the I.R.S. to find bigfoot If they can't find it then it doesn't exsist.
48. Wellington Mot
I was driving south from Bend, Or. in 2008 and as I got near La Pine, Or. around 5:am my headlights caught an enormous figure crossing the HWY about 500 feet in front of me. As I got closer I could see a hairy, bulky creature that was at least seven feet tall and probably weighed around 400-500 pounds. It had huge neck and shoulder muscles and a big head with short hair all over it. It's body seemed to have longer hair than on its head. This thing jumped over a chest high cyclone fence and down into a ravine just before I crossed the bridge after slowing down. It cleared the fence in stride and went down a steep embankment like it was nothing. As it crossed the path of my car it turned its entire torso toward me without breaking stride. This thing actually looked like it was mad at me or my car(?). It was completely terrifying. I would not want to encounter anything like this on foot.
49. Jöhn Wïllïäms
follow the screams..and arm yourself..and even take a few friends…stay together..get some big ass bright flashlights and boom! then kill it when you find it everyone open fire on bigfoot! lol then you got your proof!
50. Wellington Mot
I would also add that all of the crazy people and the flakes and the opportunists that latch on to this subject, for whatever motivation, are why people think the whole idea of a bigfoot is absurd. The fact is these creatures are real, I have seen one and it is not a joke.
51. Mike Awad
Wow that's very interesting, if there is a bigfoot it could easily hide out in the pacific northwest (Washington, Oregon, Northern Cali) cause there's a huge chamber of underground caves/caverns where some coud be living.
52. Clae Brewer
Julian Alvarez Jesus died for your sins Bigfoot didnt. Next Question.
53. Zachary Allen Byrd
umm anna i live in pendleton which is right there and my dads a cop on the rez. i knw this place and sorry to tell ya but the cougars don't come down there. theres th occasionl bear but no cougars. all i know is thats areas creepy at night
54. Dan Varner
Maybe we'll get lucky and big foot will capture Kim kardashian and make her his love slave and we can finally forget about the big bottomed pop-tart! !
55. Deborah Bonati
I guess he does not like ny anymore, not that I blame the beast! Or. is a beautiful state.
However he reminds of the chairperson of congress.
56. Steve Huff
David R. Williams I have a lot of Bigfoot recordings. I consider myself THE authority on Bigfoot vocalizations. I have recordings of Bigfoot getting stung by bees, finding a stash of fresh greens the misplaced, during orgasm including simultaneous, and screaming at kitten in a tree. This one is unique! Though slightly higher pitched, it most closely resembles a Bigfoot passing Himalayan Blackberry, a densely thorned invasive plant found in Oregon, while nursing a bad case of hemorrhoids. No doubt about it!
57. Jimmy FiveFingers
It's my understanding from the US Forest Service this event has been attributed to Sarah Palin making her way back to Alaska after resigning from Faux "News".
58. Jimmy FiveFingers
Jerome, you're a douche nozzle. By the way, what mother would name her kid "Jerome"? I'll bet you were bullied in school. Ya, that's it… that explains your seventh-grade level comments.
59. Jerome Lopez
Naw! He's obviously to good for the CIA. Other than his tracks. Maybe……deploy him to the White House. Clean House. I hear hey smell pretty fishy.
60. Mara Perp
Julian Alvarez ..I don't normally even reply to such discussion since God gave us free will and I'm not a Bible thumper per say. But if you truly don't know the difference between Jesus, our Lord and Savior, the Son of God, the very principles of who our forefathers esablished this great country and a bigfoot, Then my friend, I will truly pray for you.
Even athesists call to God when they are in the fokhole taking on fire.
Let me be clear, I am not holier than thou but I really think you should give some consideration to your statements and re-evaluate (Possibly re-evaluating your stance on Jesus and God, maybe yourself as well)
61. Gail Moore
Ask the indigenous people if their history mentions this creature. And leave the matter alone. Human beings should mind their own business.
62. Tim Wilson
I seen Bigfoot out on I-695 (Baltimore) beltway, driving a tractor trailer. He works for Swift…..Swift will hire anybody!
63. Luke Whoever
maybe do some research Jesus was very much real look it up anywhere
64. Luke Whoever
65. Patrick Heatley
I think I hear a Squatch…………I'm willing to keep an open mind on the subject. There's enough area in North Western US and Canada to support a population. But all you ever hear about is reports. Noises, footprints, fuzzy pictures. In this day and age where you can't take a towel from a Red Roof Inn without being on a security camera or someones cell phone you'd think there would be a little more conclusive evidence.
66. Christopher C Martin
I saw some apes driving trucks in balto. They work for Ost
67. Cheryl D'Anna
Well, you should bother with Jesus, cuz he is REAL. And if you don't, you're gonna get a big surprise when you die when you realize that you're going downstairs instead of upstairs. I know you'll laugh and make a joke of this – but this is serious, dude. Where do you want to spend eternity? Anyway, Jesus shouldn't really be brought up in comments about a Bigfoot article – it just makes people say bad things. Personally, I hope the Bigfoots (Bigfeet?) are real!!! That would be awesome!
68. Cheryl D'Anna
Jack Krueger, excuse me, but um, he is not dead. He died on a Friday and the following Sunday he rose from the dead (and not as a zombie, either, so no undead jokes, please). He rose from the dead through the power of God the Father, and his own power, being the Son of God. He stayed here on Earth for awhile, hanging out with his disciples from time to time, who were shocked, amazed, and overjoyed to see him. You can read all about it in the first 4 books of the New Testament in the Bible.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111019
|
How To Make Yo-Yo String
Picture of How To Make Yo-Yo String
Here is an easy way to make more string for your Yo-Yo, just like the kind you would buy from Duncan. String is about 38 inches in length. This method can even be modified to make rope.
I did not come up with this method myself, I found a video on YouTube. I just improved the method a bit.
Update July 22 2011:
Wow, I got featured and on the front page. Thanks Instuctable editor(s). To bad I never updated the pictures like I keep planing to do.
Remove these adsRemove these ads by Signing Up
Step 1: Gathering Materials
Picture of Gathering Materials
*Tape Measure
*Sewing Thread
*Block of Wood about 5.5 inches X 8 inches
*Hand Drill
*Marker or Pencil
*Few nails (Finishing)
*Wood floor or long wood board that you can mark up and nail
Step 2: Preperation
First you must find an open surface to work on, floor or wooden board about 10 feet in length.
NOTE: use scrap wood or a wooden floor in your garage to mark and nail on , NOT THE FLOOR IN YOUR HOUSE.
Mark out the following;
Start With a Line and Write DRILL next to it. This is where the drill will be placed.
Measuring from previous line and go 107 Inches (8ft 11 inches) and draw a line and write START. This is where the block will start.
From START measure 24 inches (2ft) toward DRILL line and write STOP. You guessed it, this is where the block will stop.
Now from STOP measure 38.5 inches towards DRILL. Write 1/2.
Step 3: Now Nail It!
At DRILL, START and STOP line place 2 large nails each. At 1/2 line place 1
Step 5: Now lets make string!
C:\Users\emily\Desktop\Yo-Yo String\100_2595.JPG
C:\Users\emily\Desktop\Yo-Yo String\100_2596.JPG
C:\Users\emily\Desktop\Yo-Yo String\100_2597.JPG
Place wooden block with nails at start such that nails will hold it back.
Place drill at drill end.
Now tie the string end to small nail in corner.
Loop string around hook and large nail four times.
Tie end of string together with end on small nail, cut off excess.
rensje2 years ago
Will this work with loger strings if you stick to the same proportions?
I find this slightly confusing... could you just do a quick sketch on where the parts are? doesnt have to be to scale.. just label the spaces? thanks... and a quick drawing of where the string goes? thanks..
LeumasYrrep (author) chosenangelx3 years ago
Is this what you are asking for?
To be quite honest I hardly remember myself. It has been quite awhile since I made any string let along used a Yo-Yo. I am getting back into it and one of my goals this summer is hopefully to update this Instructable with clearer pictures.
Yupppp thats perfect.. Just btw.. You happen to know how to do "yuuki slack" by yuuki spencer? (its a trick for all you beginners) cuz i am stuck after the double or nothing part..
Ps: i will be stocking up on strings this weekend :D
starplayer3 years ago
Thanks a lot man, now I have a string for my yoyo, finally^^
LeumasYrrep (author) starplayer3 years ago
Glad to hear that!
exxcloud4 years ago
Batryn4 years ago
The end can be done by hooking a yoyo into the looop, and just letting go so the yoyo spins it out for you.
dsaavedra4 years ago
nice instructable! just broke my string (second time i broke this string, first time it was up by the finger loop so i just cut it short and retied a loop, this time it broke on the axle loop so i'm screwed). i'm gonna go out on my deck and make some strings tomorrow : ) i might try braided fishing line for added durability (instead of sewing thread).
usbfuse5 years ago
can my yoyo sleep with this string
LeumasYrrep (author) usbfuse5 years ago
Yes. That is why it must be folded in half so that the loop is created to attach to the Yo-yo and make it sleep.
bstullis5 years ago
so I like the machine, and was wondering if the dimensions on it were the same as the dims at the beginning. it would be nice if you could put the dims for the machine in a comment so those of us who have the time could make one too. thanks
LeumasYrrep (author) bstullis5 years ago
the general layout is the same. Just make it so that the half nail, slide and length are the given dimensions. I would go out and get some quick dimensions but since this it has been disassemble and I am in the middle of trying to devise a new smaller machine but that wont be for a long time.
robertshane5 years ago
Thanks alot for posting was really helpful...i went home yesterday and put my own setup together, and made my first yoyo string. The only thing is it was a little too tight. I think I ran the drill just a bit too long, because when i went to bend the string around the nail and bring it back to the block it wouldn't reach. So next time i will just wind a little less. Thanks again for an awesome idea.
jimmyb0nz5 years ago
i've been experimenting with 50/50 cotton/poly blends. 4 strands each (2 wraps) poly and cotton + 1 wrap (2 strands) thin invisible nylon = super slick, responsive, and strong! I make all kind of crazy colors and thicknesses depending on the yoyo. Made a new rig with bent paperclips and sharpened ends. It sticks in my carpet and works great. Thank you again!!
kafo5 years ago
hay perry nice job i live in libya (north africa) nad a yo yo fan and he problom ( you know) now replacmin) so we have to by a new yo yo and play with it so thank u very much
jimmyb0nz5 years ago
I just snapped my string on a modded Duncan mosquito. Thought to myself, I wonder if you can make your own? I came here first and what do ya know! Yayyyyyyyy!!!!! Now I have 10 extra strings within 1 hour for pennies!!!! I just used 2 tacks in a wooden floor crack spaced 95 inches apart, wound it with the drill till it was tight (using your video for reference I 'eyeballed' the tightness) then I folded it around my head, looped the first tack and twisted away. It worked perfect! Best string ever! And I can make multicolors too! I heart instructables!!!
Batryn5 years ago
Erm the measurements don't add up... also, when I tried it, the string got way shorter, ending at like 34ish... is there a particular direction u have to bend to during step 8? Thanks for making this though
LeumasYrrep (author) Batryn5 years ago
It will get shorter in step 8 then the half length. If it is to short just increase the distances between the drill, 1/2 nail and slide. There is no specific direction that I bend to.
Batryn5 years ago
Great Job!!!
LeumasYrrep (author) Batryn5 years ago
Thank you!
dunnos6 years ago
when you twist it by hand do you make it tighter or looser
LeumasYrrep (author) dunnos6 years ago
twisting by hand makes it get longer in length so it must be looser but only a little, thanks for looking.
thank you
jojoyam6 years ago
Good job on the instructable. I have just one suggestion in mind: At the end, when you twist the string by hand.. you could just remove the string from the "block" end (while keeping it taut) and put a yoyo into the loop and use that yoyo to keep the string taut instead. From there, you can just use the weight of the yoyo to keep the string taut, so leave it to dangle and the yoyo will help the string naturally twist itself and you'll save the time and effort spent in that part of the process.
LeumasYrrep (author) jojoyam6 years ago
Thanks for your suggestion. After making this instructable I have came up with some improvements. 1st: I put legs on my "machine" 2nd: I hooked up a light switch and an outlet so that the slide when it reaches the STOP block turns off the drill automatically, I just lock the drills trigger. (I also use a different drill to reduce stress on my good drill) 3rd: I use a crochet hook to remove the string from the hook in the drill and to tie knots. 4th: I no linger twist the string at the end by hand. I took a DC motor that spins the CD in a radio and attached a hook on the end like that in the drill. This way I just hook on the string and let it twist itself well keeping it taut. I plan on updating the instructable soon and will add this and other tricks and tips. Thanks to everyone for their interest
Great, another yo-yo instructable! How to make string is a great idea for an instructable, thanks for posting it.
AdamK7 years ago
Neat instructable.
Please spell-check and proof-read. =)
LeumasYrrep (author) AdamK7 years ago
Thanks. Yikes, it did need spell checking.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111021
|
How to unlock a door in case of an emergency!
video How to unlock a door in case of an emergency!
Heres the Emergency, you hear strange noises coming from your grandpa's room. you have the key to his room and you open it, but find out he has locked himself in with an additional lock, a chain guard. At that point you notice though the small opening that he is having a heart attack.
Follow these simple instructions on how you can easily remove that chain guard and save your grandpa's life!
All you need is some kind of rope, for example: Yarn, Thread, Floss, Etc....
Please perform only when needed, such as an emergency.
Possibility3 years ago
Why are you wearing black gloves? haha, nice 'ible...
If the dude is having a heart attack, just break down the door. That shouldn't be too hard, most inside doors are quite flimsy.
A good kick on the door and that chain goes to hell in one piece. They're usually fastened by screws that are either too short or too thin to be secure.
Yes, that too. My main point is why wait if you suspect something bad is happening in there?
Esmagamus3 years ago
Another method:
-throw the string over the door;
-step on the end that falls to the ground and stretch the string;
-hook the string onto the knob on the chain;
-pull the string to the side and it's done.
wibrle3 years ago
Hearts are evil! Just look at the picture 0:07. I say we attack them before they attack us!! lol
dombeef wibrle3 years ago
Yeah! get a pencil! Im about to kill it!
seabananers3 years ago
oh no grandpa lol now i can finally get into that hotel room jk
LUCCHINA3 years ago
For emergencies, ONLY!
Great tip!
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111022
|
Pic 16F676 ICSP programing socket for the PICkit 2 programer
I'm trying to build this dual DC motor module for my robot project
And I did not have the space for placing an ICSP pin header on the PCB.
So i quickly mocked up this design.
Remove these adsRemove these ads by Signing Up
Step 1: Geting the parts
Picture of Geting the parts
Well to build the ICSP socket with header for the PICkit 2. We need 1part experiment board I used the one with raster 2.54mm holes where every 3 are connected in rows of solder islands.
I had one 18pin DIL IC socket just lying around so i used that one. (the 16F676 is a 14pin chip)
and i took 5pins angled pin header (Always have lots of break of pin headers at home.)
and some AWG26 PTFE red and yellow wire.
Step 2: Drawing
Picture of Drawing
Well this is pretty straight forward just draw out your design on the experiment PCB
Just follow this table, for the 16f676.. I have not checked it up but this may be the same for all 14pin pic16F***
ICSP connector function pic pin
2 VDD 1
3 VSS 14
I did the mistake in this step not looking at my programmer, to see that the wires should be inverted, wire 1 moved to the top wire 5 to the bottom and so on. If you want to see your socket and pic programmer lights facing the same way. just be sure to draw it the other way or place the header pins facing right instead of left that will fix it to.
Step 3: Cut your wires
Picture of Cut your wires
Yes it's as simple as it sounds. Do some eye measurements pull out your handy wire thingy tool of the trade. (Avisoleringstång) If you want the wires to be easier to insert into the PCB holes solder the tips. then bend them.
capn3 years ago
Forgive me if I am wrong, but don't you need a power supply to the board to program it?
Njallzzz capn2 years ago
Programmer supplies power
spreadsheet link does not seem to work
burzvingion6 years ago
Nice. I made a few of these for my PICkit II. This spreadsheet is very helpful for making them. I haven't updated it in a while, but it's got most of them.
Handy spreadsheet you have there. Do you also have the spec sheets referenced within?
Some of the pictures could be better. Still, wow, amazing job, done very neatly. Nice job!
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111033
|
Celebrate 50 Years
University Archives
Wahli, Shmuel Ben Aharon
Encyclopedia Search
Wahli, Shmuel Ben Aharon
Categories: People
Mr. Wahli came to IPFW in 1968 and from 1978 until 1981(?) was associate director of the learning resource center. He recevied degrees from Otterbein College (B.A., 1969) and Indiana University (M.S., 1971).
<< Back to Results
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111034
|
iPhone Life magazine
iPhone Remote + iPole = cool self portraits and videos!
iPole from FastCap
I've used some apps that use audio to let you activate and deactivate that mode remotely, by clapping for example, but they can be unreliable in a noisy setting.
Satechi BT remote
So I'm very excited about this new Bluetooth remote from Satechi. It does a lot more than just volume buttons (which acts as a record on/off switch with Apple's camera app, since iOS 5.0) and at $40, it's a nice add-on. There are numeric buttons and a button that acts as your circular home button, so you could activate Siri, remotely!
Satechi BT remote
The rumor is that the Apple TV has a Bluetooth chip but it's not activated. If a future version of iOS or the Apple TV supports Bluetooth, this could be a nice remote.
Satechi remote
I've ordered one of these remotes and will provide a hands-on review asap! If you're interested, try entering 10offall at checkout to save ten percent!
Email icon
Want more? Get our weekly newsletter:
Todd Bernhard's picture
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111038
|
Topic: Delete Malbox dir
==== Required information ====
- iRedMail version: 0.8.7
- Linux/BSD distribution name and version: centos 6.3
- Related log if you're reporting an issue:
Hi is there any script to delete the mailbox from the filesystem (afeter it hasbeen removed from sql), i see in varoious places you talk about it but theres none around.
Any help?
I purchased the iredadmin pro...
Re: Delete Malbox dir
Unfortunately, we don't have one. You can write you own script to delete mailboxes of deleted mail users.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111044
|
Dodging the question
September 13, 2011 - Jim Anderson
A Census Bureau report issued today shows that nearly 50 million Americans are without health coverage.
At Monday night’s CNN/Tea Party Express debate among the Republican presidential candidates, Wolf Blitzer posed a question to Rep. Ron Paul and Rep. Michele Bachmann about the uninsured (transcript from Kaiser Health News):
BLITZER ... You're a physician, Ron Paul, so you're a doctor. You know something about this subject. Let me ask you this hypothetical question.
BLITZER: Well, what do you want?
BLITZER: Which health care bill?
In summary, Paul believes “neighbors, friends and churches” can care for the uninsured. Or they might try “alternative” medicine. Bachmann never answers Blitzer’s question at all, though she states her strong opposition to the insurance mandate included in the Affordable Care Act.
The main provisions of the Affordable Care Act won’t take effect until 2014. When they do, it’s estimated that 32 million people will gain health coverage through an expansion of Medicaid and tax credits. The credits will help low- and moderate-income people purchase coverage through new insurance exchanges.
There are many things to question about the Affordable Care Act and, as well, the numbers quoted above. It’s fair to say, though, that the number of uninsured — now 50 million — will drop considerably if it is allowed to take effect.
I’m always interested in hearing alternative solutions to the enormous problem of the uninsured. What I heard from this snippet of the GOP debate was little more than dodging rhetoric.
I am looking for:
News, Blogs & Events Web
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111047
|
Poetic License: Jellyfish Blues
March 14, 2012
"I aint got no body, aint got a spine,
Take me out of water, aint worth a dime,
But let me jellyfish float in the blue-green sea
And what an amazing creature I can suddenly be."
What can you say about a blob like me?
I have no body, I lack a spine,
I can't stand up or look you in the eye- I have no eyes,
I can't cross a room and kiss you because
I can only move up and down and I have no lips.
It's easy to see right through me and know
I must always go with the flow,
I'm gooey and slimy and wash up on beaches
Looking like a twice-used condom.
Or you can say I'm the ultimate minimalist life form,
The first on Earth to get its cell act together,
The first to feed, procreate and protect itself
Without hard feelings or lust for a body,
The first to live forever, bloom and thrive
In the rotting toilet men are making of the sea.
Look at me now in this painting:
In my jellyfish float and fetal position,
Drifting along with the current, you can see
Tentacles huddled together tightly
To protect me from the sea horse stallions
Who are always trying to mount me like Poseidon,
God of the sea in that sexist Greek mythology
That gave me the name Medusa, said my hair
Was full of snakes and I could turn men into stone
With one dirty look. But don't be afraid.
Look now at the northeast part of me. Can you see the Indian head
Of the Buffalo Nickel? Keep looking at me, looking at me,
At gelatinous, chameleon, bioluminescent me,
I'm mostly blues and greens but tonight I will glow
Like a phosphorescent moon in the sky of the sea,
Singing my jellyfish blues to any star that will listen.
I am looking for:
News, Blogs & Events Web
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111062
|
Site Feedback
Resolved questions
O`key, I`m reading such books right now))) But I woud like say that
Additional Details:
But I would like say, that if a child
will grow in an environment where not speaks people language he did not learn to pronounce not only
the word "mama" "papa", but in general not be able to say anything coherently))) And
striking example, Mowgli from R.Kipling's novel, am I right?
For learning: Other
Base language: English
Category: WK087
Please enter between 2 and 2000 characters.
Sort by:
Best Answer - Chosen by Voting
is this novel is considered scientific evidence?
ok... but tell me how Adam spoke and did not have a father or mother?
Submit your answer
Please enter between 2 and 2000 characters.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111077
|
Yummiest Ways to Eat Tomatoes
(10 Photos)
Kate Torsiello on Oct 13, 2009 at 12:00PM
chime in now
• 2 of 10
Yummiest Ways to Eat Tomatoes
Getty Images
Loading slides...
Start with Bacon
"First, fry some bacon in a deep frying pan. Then, slice the tomatoes, dip them in beaten egg, dredge in fresh breadcrumbs and then fry in the bacon grease." —monica_pa
Connect with Us
Follow Our Pins
Follow Our Tweets
On Instagram
Behind-the-scenes pics from iVillage.
Best of the Web
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111095
|
My first post but desparation has overcome vanity.
I inherited a large workspace with several projects and interweaved dependencies. Took a while to get the Eclipse environment set up but eventually, I found the jar files necessary. I had to integrate a new web service into one of the projects. That went fine. There was a build.xml file for the ear project. I ran it, cleaned then packaged, and got a nice ear file to deploy. Put the ear file in the jboss deploy directory and lo and behold, the application was running.
Got to where my new classes were being instantiated and it would fail without a runtime error, perhaps I didn't catch it but there was no notification at all from the UI point of view. I had to use the server log file and put in some debug messages to find that the application was failing when it called the constructor for one of my new wsdl classes. No code in the constructor at all.
I looked in the jar file and the classes are in there. I really don't know where to go from here. Please help.
Hope this is in the right forum. Any thoughts would be appreciated.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111102
|
Margin Call, Part Two: Regulation U Basics
Because the vast majority of “margin calls” you are likely to get will arise under Regulation U in the context of a financing transaction by a bank (or in some cases, a non-bank lender), the ability to identify margin regulation issues in financing transactions requires a familiarity with the fundamental building blocks of Regulation U.
As noted in our last installment, Regulation U prohibits a bank or a non-bank lender from extending “purpose credit” that is “directly or indirectly secured” by “margin stock” in an amount that exceeds the “maximum loan value” of the collateral securing the credit. These four key terms form the core of Regulation U, so let’s examine each of these concepts in a bit more detail:
Margin Stock
The first level of analysis in determining whether a financing transaction might have Regulation U issues is to determine whether the transaction involves any “margin stock.” Under Regulation U, “margin stock” includes the following:
• any publicly traded equity security;1
• any OTC security that has been designated for trading in the NASDAQ national market system;
• any debt security convertible into margin stock or carrying a warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase a margin stock;
• any warrant or right to subscribe to or purchase a margin stock; or
• any security issued by an investment company registered under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (subject to certain exceptions).
Purpose Credit
“Purpose credit” is any credit extended for the purpose (whether immediate, incidental, or ultimate) of purchasing or carrying margin stock. Usually it is fairly easy to determine whether the direct use of proceeds of an extension of credit is to purchase margin stock. Even then, the existence of purpose credit is not affected by the temporary use of the proceeds if the proceeds are ultimately intended to be used to acquire margin stock. For example, if a customer invests the proceeds of a loan in government securities or some other form of non-margin stock with the intention of shortly thereafter selling those non-margin securities and acquiring margin stock, the credit is deemed to be purpose credit under Regulation U from the time the credit is initially extended. The intention of the borrower at the time the loan was extended plays a critical role in determining whether an extension of credit is in fact purpose credit. If the proceeds of an extension of credit are used by a borrower to retire, reduce or maintain a prior loan that was used to acquire margin stock, then that subsequent loan will be considered purpose credit, as it is being used by the borrower to “carry” margin stock. In later installments, we’ll explore some of the trickier issues in identifying purpose credit, including in the context of M&A transactions and other business combinations.
Directly or Indirectly Secured
Determining whether an extension of credit is directly secured by margin stock is pretty easy. For purposes of Regulation U, the concept of “direct” security encompasses any legally recognizable security interest enforceable between the lender and the borrower. However, the concept of “indirect” security under Regulation U is much more elusive. By definition, the term “indirectly secured” includes any arrangement with the borrower under which:
• the borrower’s right or ability to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of margin stock owned by the borrower is in any way restricted while the loan or extension of credit remains outstanding; or
• the exercise of such right by the borrower is or may be cause for accelerating the maturity of the credit.
The most commonly encountered form of indirect security is a negative pledge provision in a credit facility. When a borrower provides a negative pledge over its assets and the borrower’s assets include margin stock, the negative pledge creates an indirect security over the margin stock that is subject to the pledge. There are a number of arrangements that are expressly excluded from the definition of “indirectly secured.” For example, if a borrower is subject to a negative pledge arrangement and, after applying the proceeds of the loan, margin stock represents 25% or less of the value of the borrower’s assets that are subject to the negative pledge, then the negative pledge will not constitute indirect security over the borrower’s margin stock. Determining whether indirect security exists has been perhaps the primary area of interpretation addressed by the Federal Reserve since the adoption of Regulation U. As we look at the nuances of the concept of “indirect security” (particularly in the acquisition finance context) in subsequent installments, you’ll see why.
Maximum Loan Value
“Maximum loan value” is the maximum allowable percentage of current market value of various forms of collateral assigned by the Federal Reserve. A margin loan may not exceed 50% of the value of the margin stock securing the loan. The maximum loan value of any margin stock is determined as of the time the lender enters into a legally binding commitment to extend credit (not at the time the credit is actually disbursed), and it is generally determined by the closing price of the security on the preceding business day. Except for options that qualify as margin stock, puts, calls and combinations thereof have no loan value.
The maximum loan value of non-margin stock and all other collateral (except puts, calls and combinations thereof) is their good faith loan value.
In our next edition on the Margin Regulations, we will identify the features of a Regulation U lender, a Regulation U customer, what it means to be directly or indirectly secured, and other equally important concepts. Join us!
1 This includes any equity security having unlisted trading privileges on a national securities exchange.
Topics: Margin Calls, OTC, Regulation U
© Latham & Watkins LLP | Attorney Advertising
Don't miss a thing! Build a custom news brief:
Create your news brief now - it's free and easy »
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111106
|
JellyFish Facts
Irukandji Jellyfish picture
Irukandji Jellyfish
The Irukandji Jellyfish has a fascinating history. The Irukandji people who inhabit the coastal strip north of Cairns, Queensland suffered from a mysterious condition, the source of which could not be identified. The symptoms of this condition included severe pains at various parts of the body, typically excruciating muscle cramps in the arms and legs, severe pain in the back and kidneys, and a burning sensation of the skin and face. Apart from this there was the presence of headaches, nausea, restlessness, sweating, vomiting, high heart rate and blood pressure. This mysterious condition was first documented by Hugo Flecker in 1952, and this condition came to be known as the 'Irukandji Syndrome.' Learn how to treat jellyfish stings.
It was only in 1964 that dr. Jack Barnes identified stings from this species of jellyfish as the cause of the Irukandji Syndrome. In fact, to prove that he was right, he captured a specimen of the jellyfish and purposely stung himself and some other people. It was only after this incident that the jellyfish was acknowledged as the cause of the symptom. It is in honor of Dr. Jack Barnes and his identification of the jellyfish that led it to be called Carukia Barnesi. The venomous jellyfish is also called Malo Kingi in honor of the American tourist, Robert King, who died from its jellyfish sting.
Although, a mature C. barnesi's bell is only 12 mm by 30 mm in height, it is extremely venomous despite its tiny size. The Irukundji syndrome, which is extremely severe in nature, can be caused by extremely small amount of venom from the Irukandji jellyfish sting. The sting itself causes only minor discomfort. The severe symptoms are usually delayed by at least half and hour. This is the primary reason the sting of the jellyfish were not suspected as the cause of the Irukandji Syndrome. Once the symptoms begin, they can last for hours, or even days. In several experiments, magnesium has shown some effect on subsiding the effects of the sting. Most victims usually require hospitalization and immediate medical attention. In case of delayed medical attention, stings from Irukandji jellyfish are known to have caused human deaths.
The jellyfish injects venom into the flesh of his victim through numerous nematocysts that line its tentacles. Nematocysts are capsule-like in appearance and contain a thread coiled inside it. This thread is filled with the venom and when the tentacle feels any pressure, the nematocysts become active, the thread uncoils and fixes itself into the body of the victim releasing its toxins into the victim's flesh. It should be known however, that this is a natural reflex on part of the jellyfish and not an attempt to 'attack' humans! Jellyfish don't even have brains to plan an attack. The best measure to avoid stings from the Irukandji jellyfish is to avoid its known habitats.
Written by and Sudarsana Sinha.
Privacy Policy | Contact us | Credits
Copyright © 2014 Pattern Media
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111136
|
Zheng Su
Editor-in-Chief, Contemporary Clinical Trials
Deerfield Institute, 780 Third Avenue, 37th floor, New York, NY 10017, New York, USA
Send an email to Zheng Su
To send an email to Zheng Su please complete the short form below. Please note that all enquiries should relate specifically to Contemporary Clinical Trials. All the fields are required so please make sure you complete them all otherwise we won't be able to send your message.
Your First Name
Your Last Name
Your Email
Confirm Your Email
Message Subject
Your Message
Upload File (max. 2 MB)
Share this page:
Email a Friend
Your Name
Your Email
Friend's Name
Friend's Email
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111148
|
weekdays at 1/12c
Season 9: Episode 206: Tasteless Frank
Marie is astounded when Frank puts salt on her homemade lasagna, leading her to believe that she's lost her touch in the kitchen. However, Ray and Robert discover that the problem is Frank, who has lost his sense of taste. They believe it's a side-effect from some potency medication Frank is taking, but Frank doesn't want to give it up, and he doesn't want anyone to know he's taking it, especially Marie.
Upcoming Airings
(subject to change)
7:00 pm, saturday, august 23rd
sign up for the weekly newsletter
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111190
|
Bruce Jenner: A nose job and a few facelifts
Barry Manilow: Two facelifts
Burt Reynolds: Had his eyes done and claims that's it. But it definitely looks like he's had more.
Enrique Iglesias: Had his mole removed
Michael Jackson: Where to begin.....
Simon Cowell: Botox
Leave a comment:
· Subscribe to comments
Be the first to comment here!
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111241
|
View Full Version : Is the ws right after you cast on?
12-22-2012, 05:03 PM
I cast on the conventional way
12-22-2012, 05:18 PM
12-22-2012, 05:20 PM
The CO doesn't count as a row, the first row you do after that is Row 1 and it can be RS or WS, whatever the pattern says.
12-24-2012, 02:41 PM
It means the author of that pattern should be taken out and beaten. Okay, that would be excessive, but that IS a pretty confusing instruction. The CO row doesn't actually count as a row, so there really ISN'T a RS or WS at that point. But it SOUNDS like the pattern wants the RS to start at row 2... for reasons that will become clear later in the pattern.
We hope.
12-24-2012, 03:48 PM
No, many patterns will have row 1, right after the CO, as the WS; the more usual convention is row 1 as the RS, but that isn't always the case.
12-26-2012, 12:49 PM
What I meant was when you've finished the CO, you don't have a right or wrong side -- yet. What happens on the next row is what determines which side you're on... and that's up to whoever wrote the pattern.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111373
|
September 11, 2004
Outside authentication
Now the documents have been independently authenticated by experts consulted by the Boston Globe.
Can the discussion now revert to the fact that Mr. Bush disobeyed a direct order and has lied about his service ever since? And that he's lied (misled, obfuscated, pick your verb) about his reasons for invading Iraq? And that if he's re-elected he and his Administration will continue to lie and do even more harm to this country than he already has?
Posted by Linkmeister at September 11, 2004 12:01 AM
I saw Dan Rather commenting on the authenticity of the documents. The typeface was available as far back as the 1930s.
I soooo agree with you, Linky....
Posted by: toxiclabrat at September 11, 2004 06:13 AM
The IBM Selectric Composer was not a typewriter, was not called a typewriter and cost at least 10 times as much as typewriters did in those days. It was a typesetter named a composer because typesetting equipment at the time was hot type.
Where I worked we had an operator trained by IBM typeset scientific journals on the Selectric Composer. Could he type a memo on it -- possibly yes. Did he -- no he would have been fired. Not only was the machine expensive to buy, it also used an expensive one-use only film ribbon.
Posted by: al at September 13, 2004 08:31 AM
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111375
|
         
Home Learn Linux Linux Tutorials Weekend Project: Get Started with Btrfs
Weekend Project: Get Started with Btrfs
Nodes in the tree are also check-summed, and include both reference counts and back-references, which makes checking for correctness and moving or resizing the filesystem simpler. Finally, the system uses a copy-on-write strategy that writes changed data to disk first, then updates the references in the tree. This crash-proofs the filesystem, but without the overhead of maintaining a journal.
There are still more advantages at the filesystem tools level. Btrfs includes built-in support for RAID, including balancing multiple devices and recovering from corruption, and it supports on-line resizing, device addition, and device removal. This essentially rolls much of the functionality of Linux's multi-device (MD) and logical volume manager (LVM) tools into the filesystem itself. Btrfs can also use transparent compression, create filesystem snapshots, and create subvolumes —which do away with much of the need for having separate disk partitions.
Getting Started
Most of the major Linux distributions have enabled at least experimental support for Btrfs in their recent releases. Because development on the filesystem is rapid, however, it is recommended that you run at least kernel 2.6.33 if possible. You may also have to install the Btrfs userspace utilities in a separate package, such as btrfs-progs.
Filesystem creation is performed with the mkfs.btrfs command. The main control program (used for manipulating snapshots, subvolumes, and to inspect the filesystem) is called btrfs. You may still find references to an older version of this tool that was called btrfsctl; if so, be sure to consult the Btrfs documentation before following older tutorials, as options or syntax may have changed.
There is also a btrfsck that can run filesystem checks on unmounted Btrfs filesystems, and a few other utilities used for troubleshooting and debugging. For example, btrfs-image can dump an image of your filesystem with the actual data zeroed out; you can send this to Btrfs developers when asking for help debugging a problematic filesystem.
Btrfs has is own mount-specific options as well, but you do not need to install a different version of mount in order to use them.
Basic Operations: Creating Filesystems, Multi-Device Arrays, and Resizing
The basic command for creating a Btrfs filesystem on a device is simply mkfs.btrfs device_name. This creates a new filesystem on the device, at maximum capacity. You can specify a smaller size with -b size_in_bytes. You can also specify an non-default leaf size by appending -l size_in_bytes to the end of the command, or a sector size with -s size_in_bytes.
The real fun, though, comes when creating a RAID array. The syntax is mkfs.btrfs one_device_name another_device_name yet_another_device_name. That's right; to create a RAID array, you simply provide all of the block devices in a single command; Btrfs does the rest. By default, this will stripe all of the data evenly between the disks (as in RAID 0), and mirror the metadata on every disk (as in RAID 1). You can specify a different profile by appending a -m profile argument to mkfs.btrfs for the metadata behavior, or a -d profile for the data. Currently, raid0, raid1, raid10, and single (i.e., no RAID) are the only accepted values.
You mount a Btrfs filesystem with mount -t btrfs device mountpoint. For RAID arrays, you only need to specify one of the devices used in the array; Btrfs will find the rest and mount them together automatically. For instance, if you created a two-disk array with mkfs.btrfs /dev/sda /dev/sdb, you could mount it with mount -t btrfs /dev/sda /mnt/bigarray.
This is especially helpful if you want to add additional drives to the array —you can keep the relevant line in /etc/fstab the same. To add a third disk to the array, run btrfs device add /dev/sdc /mnt/bigarray. This must be run on a mounted filesystem. After you add the new disk, you can tell Btrfs to redistribute the array's data across all three disks with btrfs filesystem balance /mnt/bigarray. Obviously, this could take a bit of time, if the array is large.
In the event that one disk in your RAID array becomes corrupted, you can mount that disk with the degraded option to "mount," e.g. mount -t btrfs -o degraded /dev/sdb /mnt/bigarray, which will suppress error messages from the failing disk. You can then remove the disk from the array with btrfs device delete /dev/sdb /mnt/bigarray, which will move all file data off onto the remaining disks (assuming there is space; if not you will need to add another drive first).
A filesystem can be resized with btrfs filesystem resize filesystem_name size. You have three options for the size argument: a specific size (such as 1024M or 7G), an increment or decrement value (such as +200M or -2G), or "max," which will expand the filesystem to fill all of the available space on the underlying device or partition.
Essentially, all of this basic filesystem manipulation commands are self-explanatory —Btrfs simply makes good default choices and educated guesses to save you the trouble of having to provide extra parameters. That is because plain vanilla filesystems (even RAID arrays) do not stray much from the time-tested model used in most other familiar Linux filesystems. To really see something new, we will have to take a look at Btrfs subvolumes.
Subvolumes, Snapshots, and Conversion
Subvolumes in Btrfs are sub-trees of the primary Btrfs filesystem tree. They are created in-place in the existing filesystem, but can be treated like separate filesystems, with their own mount point, options, and policy. Unlike creating multiple disk partitions, however, subvolumes do not require allocating additional space on the disk; they are just empty directories until you begin adding files to them, at which point they grow to fit. Not only is that space-efficient, it also means that you can create all of the subvolumes you need in a single filesystem, and add additional storage to it whenever it fills up, regardless of which subvolumes take up the most room.
In essence, then, you might think of a subvolume as a directory that can be mounted as if it were a device, or a virtual disk image in a VM. You create one with btrfs subvolume create path/if/neccesary/volume_name. If you leave off the path, it will be created in the current directory. You can then mount the subvolume anywhere you like by supplying the subvolume option to the mount command. For example, if you created a subvolume named "mysubvolume" in /mnt/bigarray, you could mount it with mount -t btrfs -o subvol=mysubvolume /dev/sda /mnt/notsobig. If you forget precisely where you've created your various subvolumes, btrfs subvolume list /mnt/bigarray will list them for you. To delete one, run btrfs subvolume delete subvolume_name.
In practice, then, you can create as many subvolumes as you need, all within one Btrfs filesystem. But simply creating separate mount points is not all that subvolumes are good for; Btrfs supports a specific type of subvolume useful for system maintenance, the snapshot.
The syntax is virtually identical; just add "snapshot" to the btrfs command in place of "create," e.g. btrfs subvolume snapshot /mnt/bigarray /mnt/backups/October15. This creates a subvolume in /mnt/backups/October15 that is a snapshot of /mnt/bigarray, which you can then write to removal storage and place in the fire safe (or whatever your backup strategy dictates).
The nice part is that Btrfs creates this snapshot not by duplicating the file data, but by creating a duplicate b-tree pointing to the same data. If you don't alter any of the files in /mnt/bigarray, the existence of the snapshot consumes no extra space. If you do alter any of the files in /mnt/bigarray, however, only then does Btrfs write changes to disk, by preserving the original copy in the snapshot, and writing the new data in the main filesystem.
This is the essence of copy-on-write. Most of the time, the majority of files will not be touched, so the snapshots are extremely space-efficient. There is another interesting case that makes use of this property, though: converting an existing ext3 (or ext4) filesystem to Btrfs.
The btrfs-convert utility can create a Btrfs filesystem in place on top of an existing ext3/4 filesystem, by reading the ext filesystem and creating the necessary b-trees in the free space. Much like making a snapshot, this second filesystem takes up no additional space if no files are altered. When a file is changed, the original version of the ext filesystem is preserved, so you can even roll back the entire conversion process and restore the filesystem to its pre-Btrfs state.
You should first run fsck on your ext filesystem to check for corruption. When satisfied, run btrfs-convert device to convert the device, then mount -t btrfs device the_btrfs_mountpoint to mount the newly-minted Btrfs filesystem. Your original ext filesystem is preserved in a snapshot named "ext2_saved" (even if it was ext3 or ext4 format). You can even mount the snapshot with mount -t btrfs -o subvol=ext2_saved device /mnt/ext2_saved. If the novelty wears off, you can roll back to the original ext filesystem snapshot (including undoing all changes) with btrfs-convert -r device.
Extra Credit: Mount Options
The compress and compress-force options enable transparent data compression in the filesystem; with the force option attempting to compress even files that typically do not compress well (such as compressed audio and video formats). The ssd option is useful for those users with solid-state disks; it turns on several optimizations that increase performance for these already-speedy devices.
Btrfs is still undergoing rapid development; support for additional RAID configurations, deduplication, and online filesystem checks are still planned. In the meantime, consider how the merging of partitions, arrays, and logical volumes into one filesystem could simplify your system administration, and how snapshots could change your backup plan — you might not feel like waiting.
Subscribe to Comments Feed
Who we are ?
More About the foundation...
Frequent Questions
Join / Linux Training / Board
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111382
|
[linux-dvb] DVB-subtitles, at last :-)
Klaus Schmidinger Klaus.Schmidinger at cadsoft.de
Sat Nov 25 10:46:16 CET 2006
Otto J. Makela wrote:
> ...
> I'd like to ask again, why are the DVB subtitles (after at least a few
> years of development) still just a patch/plugin to vdr instead of being
> integrated into the main sources, like other core DVB functionality?
> Is there some major disavantage to having them in the binary if you don't
> enable them?
The answer is simple: time (or lack thereof).
Over the summer I didn't have too much time to work on VDR,
and recently I have started refactoring the CAM handling, so
that it will be possible to record several encrypted channels
with the same CAM (provided the CAM supports this) and to
automatically select the right CAM if there is more than one
that claims to be able to decrypt a given channel, but only one
actually can do it. It shall also be possible to assign a CAM
to any of the available devices (in case the hardware allows
I normally don't publish any TODO lists, but here's what is
currently on top of my agenda:
- CAM refactoring
- full UTF-8 support
- use 'gettext' for internationalization
- implement subtitle support
Of course, as always, this is subject to change without
prior notice ;-)
More information about the linux-dvb mailing list
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111393
|
First Aid
What to do if you Bite your Tongue what to do if you Bite your Lip
Linda J Banks's image for:
"What to do if you Bite your Tongue what to do if you Bite your Lip"
Image by:
What to do when you bite your tongue literally!
It happens. You're in a car accident, trip going up the stairs or are bumped too hard during your weekly volleyball game. Then you realize your mouth really hurts and you have a dental problem. This article is to help you take some triage steps in a dental emergency, but nothing replaces going to the dentist. So take a few minutes to enter his number into your cell phone and be prepared to call and get direct information. Until then, let's review a few common scenarios so you know what to do.
Bitten Tongue
The tongue actually heals very quickly all on its own, so most bitten tongues will be OK with some TLC. This includes using water to wash the area clean and apply some ice to reduce the swelling. You can apply pressure to the tongue simply by pressing the tongue against the roof of the mouth.
If the cut gapes open, has a bad smell, continues to bleed or has dirt or contaminants in it, then you might wish to visit the emergency room as quickly as possible. It's a myth that tongues never require stitches, so if the cut is more than inch long, the doctor might sew it up.
While it's healing, you may wish to watch what you eat and reduce spicy or irritating foods. For about 4-5 days, you can expect some soreness. If you get a fever, bad breath or the cut won't heal, contact the dentist or doctor for further treatment.
Bitten Lip
If you bite through the lip see a doctor immediately. This should not be treated at home and could be very dangerous. You also want to check the gum line underneath the cut to make sure nothing else is broken. Like the tongue, wash the cut thoroughly and apply some ice to reduce swelling.
You can also rinse the wound with hydrogen peroxide, but make sure you don't swallow the solution.
If it continues to bleed or the cut changes shape as the lip moves, then immediately get to a doctor. It may require stitches to fully close the wound. And again, watch for infections while it is healing.
You'll know the wound is infected if it won't heal, smells bad, or you feel your glands underneath the jaw line swell up. In some instances, dentists may go ahead and give a dose of antibiotics at the time of the initial accident. This is because the lips and tongue are very easy to contaminate through food.
In any case, if you have an emergency and don't know what to do, call your dentist for advice.
More about this author: Linda J Banks
From Around the Web
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111430
|
lfnetwork.com mark read register faq members calendar
Thread: i didnt like rouge sqadron 2 rouge leader Send Page to a Friend
Your Username: Click here to log in
Image Verification
Recipient Name:
Recipient Email Address:
Email Subject:
LFNetwork, LLC ©2002-2011 - All rights reserved.
Powered by vBulletin®
Copyright ©2000 - 2014, Jelsoft Enterprises Ltd.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111435
|
Falling for the Boss
By countrygirl_26
Original link: http://www.lushstories.com/stories/straight-sex/falling-for-the-boss.aspx
Tags: boss, affair, seduction, eighteen
Added: 11 Oct 2012 Views: 10172 Avg Score: 4.5
Built up tension finally explodes
I had worked at the same place for almost 6 months now. I had just turned 18 a few days ago and made sure my boss knew it. I had had a massive crush on him since I started there and I was almost positive the feeling was mutual.
I had spent the drive on my first day wondering if my new boss would be young and sexy or old and fat. By the time I was pulling in I had decided with my luck, he would be old and fat. It didn't take me long to realize, old and fat truly would have been lucky because, I got young and hot, and it was torture.
I found out that he was 29, married and had a 3 year old daughter. He had ocean blue eyes that made me melt, hair that wasn't quite blond but wasn't brown either, and his smile was what really got me. Especially since he smiled at me every single time he looked at me. It actually drove me nuts because it had such a strong effect on me.
Apart from being so good looking, he was also a great guy. He was funny and laid back, which made him not necessarily the best boss as he didn't want to piss anybody off even when he should have. But I loved working with him. He was good at what he did (as far as the job, not the managing aspect), and he had a passion for it that I loved as I had the same. We spent day after day joking and flirting.
He was careful to make sure he only flirted obviously when none of the other 6 employees were around and just when it was us two, like if we ran into each other. Sometimes he would ask me to help him and send the others off on a different time consuming task. My favorite was when he needed to get by me in a tight walkway (which happened quite frequently). I would step forward, rather than backward, making it so he needed to go behind me, and I would push my ass back into him as he slid by. Once I did it the first time, he seemed to need to go behind me much more often. We often texted after work or on during the week as I only worked weekend and we would flirt for hours.
I knew he was married, but I also knew he hated his wife and only married her because she got pregnant and thought it was the right thing to do. He complained about what a bitch she was constantly when I was around, so it eased my guilt just a little.
I had met his daughter a few times and absolutely adored her. She looked just like him, had his bright blue eyes and was the sweetest little girl I had ever met. We talked about her constantly as I loved hearing all the little things she did.
Like I said though, I had just turned 18 and made a point of bring it up to him. That day, I could tell he had upped the flirting to things that were a little more obvious.
It was nearing the end of the day and I was in the office organizing paper work and cleaning things up a bit. (He was kind of messy). Everybody had left for the day, except him, as he had to check on a few things before he could leave. He also tended to stay later working on paperwork or various non-important things, simply because he hated going home to his wife. She worked second shift so usually he stayed just late enough that he would get home as she was leaving, so he could spend time with his daughter without dealing with his wife.
When he finished and came into the office I was just finishing up and getting ready to leave. We talked for a little and I ended up sitting up on the edge of the desk because I had been on my feet all day and was tired of standing. He had been standing in the doorway while we talked.
After several minutes, he checked the time and realized it was "safe" to go home. That's when he reached behind me to grab some papers and his hand grazed my ass. His lips were less than an inch from my neck. It was very cliche but he pulled back and his face was closer to mine than it ever had been. I could smell his deodorant and Old Spice body wash and closed my eyes as I breathed in the smell.
I hadn't even opened my eyes before he was kissing me, his lips crushing against mine with a force that surprised me. I returned the kiss with an equal amount of urgency. His hands held my back, pulling me into him, and mine wrapped around his neck.
The more we kissed, the harder I tried to pull him closer and closer to me. Our tongues moved with vigor in each other's mouths, with months of built of sexual tension and need between us pushing us forward. His hands moved down to cup my ass and pull me up so my pelvis was against his. I ground my body into him and we continued to kiss, hands moving and exploring and stripping off pieces of clothing.
It wasn't 5 minutes later that we were naked and he was kneeling on the ground with me still on the desk, spreading my legs, biting my inner thighs up further and further till his tongue was on my clit. I moaned and ran my fingers through his hair, gripping it between my fingers and pulling him closer. His tongue continued working on my clit, taking a break every few minutes to pull back and lightly blow air onto my pussy, sending tremors throughout my body before he would replace his hot tongue on me.
When I couldn't wait any longer, I pulled him up to me and gripped his ass, pulling him towards me as he guided his cock into my pussy. My fingers dug into his back as he thrust into me over and over. I kissed his neck and lightly bit his shoulder, moving my hands over him and calling out his name, as he continued pumping his cock in me. Right before he was about to cum he pulled out and shot his cum all over my naked stomach, not even knowing how much I loved that.
He collapsed back into the chair behind him and his cock went limp as I regained control of my breathing. Then he got me some paper towels and wiped him cum from me, getting some on his finger, then putting it into my mouth for me to lick off.
As we started pulling our clothes back on, he did something I was not expecting one bit. He asked if I wanted to come over for dinner, pointing out that his wife had called saying that their daughter had not gotten a nap and needed to go to bed early.
I, of course, agreed.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111437
|
Kid what changed your mood
You've gone all sad so I feel sad too
I think I know some things we never outgrow
You think it's wrong
I can tell you do
How can I explain
When you don't want me to
Kid my only kid
You look so small you've gone so quiet
I know you know what I'm about
I won't deny it
But you forgive though you don't understand
You've turned your head
You've dropped by hand
All my sorrow, all my blues
All my sorrow
Shut the light, go away
Full of grace, you cover your face
Kid gracious kid
Your eyes are blue but you won't cry
I know angry tears are too dear
You won't let them go
Lyrics powered by LyricFind
written by HYNDE, CHRISSIE
Lyrics © EMI Music Publishing
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111441
|
New! Read & write lyrics explanations
• Highlight lyrics and explain them to earn Karma points.
(hahhh, hahaha) Hehehe, word
It's like all we got left - teardrops and closed caskets
(throw it up fool, hey nigga, haha)
Tell me how you feel homey
(Yeah, it took a week to go down)
You recollects and see how crazy it sounds
The whole town's on a mission, adolescents (penitentary bound)
(Now introducin Young Trigga)
Since birth, eyes set on gettin bigger
Just anotha wild-ass nigga
(But he was fiendin for Precious) WHAT?
(But Precious was a ghetto girl)
Couldn't be no sex without that gold Lexus
Seein visions of people smokin and niggaz catchin vapors
(Here's where the plot thickens)
They got a plot to make a profit with they glocks spittin
(Somebody's gonna die tonight)
Still no one's knowin, so they kept goin
Catchin dealers comin out they cars (will they survive?)
(Two semi-automatic nines, them niggaz died)
(Plus nobody in the hood cries, it's like they celebrate
to death and wish they could die) So peep the lesson
But wait a minute back to Precious
She's snortin dope in the back seat of Trigg's Lexus
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] Teardrops and closed caskets
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] Teardrops and closed caskets
(Don't let these ghetto streets get you, Precious)
(was the victim, from a dime to a nickel)
Hopin God's blessings stick with ya
Picture the neighborhood kingpin, who's gettin bigger
Familiar face, but a man now, it's Lil' Trigga
Now Lil' Mo was a soldier to the fullest
Down for his homies, always the first to spit bullets
(All he wanted was to be a thug)
Never pictured his truest homeboy would fall in love
(Here's where it gets ya)
Now Precious is pregnant, Lil' Trigga is happy
But Precious was lonely while Lil' Trigga was makin dough
She's slippin in secret places and gettin with Lil' Mo
The neighborhood's buzzin, now people are talkin
Lil' Trigga's gettin pictures of the both of 'em walkin
(Hand in hand, couldn't understand)
How his baby's mama could disapear with another man
(and his best friend)
Now jealousy's dangerous, and if you don't believe me
Then watch the way that this story ends and maybe you'll see
There ain't no heroes or villains, ain't no pleasure in killin
Just the smoke from the cap peelin a man with no feelings
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] Teardrops and closed caskets
Bury you dead and look ahead
A man with no feelings
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] Teardrops and closed caskets
That's all we got left, that's all
Now with the problems of poverty
and the tricks to these tales
How many people'll die
how many'll live to tell
Although best friends before
Lil' Trigga and Mo
Behind the curtains their privacy lust is already laid down
The results is the same with different names and it turns out
All the while let's look at Precious
Used to be comrades (but now we blast on sight)
From misdemeanors to felonies, small-time to sellin ki's
I can't believe the shit they tellin me
They open fire, three bodies drop, so call the cops
(Precious, Lil' Mo and Trigg)
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] Aiy QBIII in this motherfucker
Teardrops and closed caskets
We dedicate this to all the fallen comrades
(that's right)
All the homies that didn't make it to see this day
(rest in peace)
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
with teardrops and closed caskets
It's like that's all we got to look forward to these days
Murders, brothers dyin, funerals
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
I done ran out of tears
Know we gon' have to do somethin y'all
We gon' have to do somethin
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
(rest in peace)
Teardrops and closed caskets
I send this out to M'thulu Geronimo
and to, all the fallen comrades, all the soldiers
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
(to the homey Boonie, rest in peace nigga)
[Pac] All the homies that fell, all the homies
May God bless your families
May you always live in the motherfuckin heart
[Nate] Will I.. forever be alone
[Pac] In a thug niggaz heart forever
(that's right)
Rest in peace nigga
May your enemies be deceased, dead on the streets
We can't have peace til the niggaz get a piece
Lyrics taken from
Correct | Report
Please input the reason why these lyrics are bad:
• g
givemoreApr 21, 2010 at 1:36 pm
this is about a triangle of emotions,and situations and locality, about little trigger,lil mo and precious. little trigger wants to maintain his ego the way he stood for his homies using his glock in the streets,but he is heartbroke for losing precious and little mo is the unlikely mytr it so happens that pple attain by violent means in the society where gun toting is just a game but pple never cease to feel remorse for the dead
Write about your feelings and thoughts
Min 50 words
Not bad
Write an explanation
Your explanation
Add image by pasting the URLBoldItalicLink
10 words
Explanation guidelines:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111474
|
My music
Woman helps child with workshop activity
Woman helps child with workshop activity
Friday 21 August 2009
1.00pm - 3.00pm
Make a sound sculpture to take home. Listen to music by the Royal Northern College of Music (every Friday in August). Spend some time in our sound playground.
Suitable for families with children aged 3-11
Drop in, no need to book
Sign up will begin at 12.30pm
Make your own sound sculpture inspired by the shapes and sounds you find in the gallery and take part in interactive musical performances especially devloped for families.
Tel: 0161 235 8869
Wheelchair icon
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111483
|
Man Made DIY
Nov 16, 2010
ManMade Top Ten: Men's Scarf Patterns
created at: 11/16/2010
As the cold season inches even closer, we're moving straight through jacket weather into heavy-duty winter wear. We happen to think that a scarf is an essential piece of gear for the dashing guy in winter, and love them even more when they're handmade.
created at: 11/16/2010
A scarf is often a first project for beginning knitters or crocheters, and understandably so - it's straight, repetitive, and inherently practical.
So, here's a list of our favorite knittable scarves that'll suit the modern man, all of which come with free patterns:
created at: 11/16/2010
1. Cotton and Cloud's Extra Warm Men's Scarf
2. Big Wool Ribbed Scarf
3. Man's Lace Scarf
4. Shetland Chunky - Easy Ribbed Hat and Scarf
5. Basketweave Scarf
6. Aran Marl Wool Ribbed
7. Exchequered
8. Men's Angora Scarf
9. Marley's Ghost
10. And, of course, the ultimate expression of men's scarf wear - the Doctor Who!
Post Comments
Add Your Comment!
© 2010-2014 Curbly, LLC
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111500
|
April 25, 2004
Galleries: 1 2
I scanned these sketches and watercolors while packing up my old studio. They're not here because they're good; they're here because I enjoyed making them on the odd summer afternoon or the occasional winter night.
This Flash slideshow shows a different approach to a Web gallery. It, too, is created from Tinderbox.
This is also, of course, an example of how you can use Tinderbox to put together a flexible personal gallery. Everything is easy to adjust; for example, I can change the order of images in the gallery by dragging and dropping in an outline. I assembled this gallery on a Sunday afternoon.
Click on any picture to see it. Notes on why you might want to share your own work, and how to do it with Tinderbox, accompany the pictures. Most of the pictures are available.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111503
|
Student loan debt collectors under the microscope
As more and more debt piles on, many make comparisons between this bubble and the one that burst a few years back: housing. But are they really that similar?
Kai Ryssdal: If you owe money on a student loan and odds are you do because there's about a trillion dollars of student loan debt out there. Here's my question: Are you up to date on your payments? Because if you're not, you're in for some very nasty phone calls from debt collectors working for the Department of Education. John Hechinger writes about federal student loans gone bad and what the government's doing to get some of its money back for Bloomberg News today. John, good to have you with us.
John Hechinger: Thanks for having me, Kai.
Ryssdal: Who are these -- or what, I suppose -- are these debt collection companies? Private enterprises, right?
Hechinger: They are. The Department of Education hires a kind of army of debt collectors that work on commission. The more money they collect from borrowers, they more money they make, the more money they take home.
Ryssdal: And is it fair to say that that sort of influences their tactics?
Hechinger: Well, I think it is. They have a strong incentive to collect as much money as they can up front. And they have very little incentive, the way the contracts are structured, to let the students into some very favorable plans that the Obama administration and Congress have been trying to promote.
Ryssdal: What are their powers, though? What can they force these debtors to do?
Hechinger: Well, debt collectors have powers for student loans that are unlike any other. They can garnish wages without a court order. They can take Social Security checks. There are no statues of limitations. So they really have borrowers over a barrel. Elizabeth Warren, who is a Harvard law professor and bankruptcy expert, one said...
Ryssdal: And also, we should say, candidate for the Senate in Massachusetts.
Hechinger: That's true. She once said student loan debt collectors have power that would make a mobster envious.
Ryssdal: Oh man. Define your terms for me for a second, John. How much money is out there in defaulted, federally-guaranteed student loans that we're talking about?
Hechinger: It's about $67 billion and it's doubled since 2003. And you have to remember that student loan, debt outstanding, is enormous. There's a trillion dollars in the student loans outstanding -- that's more than credit card debt. And there's a lot of pain out there. A lot of people are having trouble paying it back in this economy.
Ryssdal: So what actually happens. Give me an example. You talked to a bunch of people for this story.
Hechinger: The borrower defaults on his or her loan. The borrower gets a call from a debt collector. And the debt collector says, 'You've run out of options. You must pay a minimum, maybe $200, $300 a month.' And the borrowers I talked to were in some pretty desperate straits. They were disabled. They didn't have the money. Many of them said they wanted to pay the money, but they couldn't pay $200-300 a month. And what they were told is, 'I'm sorry, this is the minimum. This is all that we can do.' And that's not the way the program is set up. The program is set up where the debt collectors are supposed to work with borrowers. They're supposed to find out what their incomes are, and find out what they can afford to pay. The Obama administration and Congress have said they want to have these income-based payment options. And at least what I'm told is that borrowers often aren't informed about their rights.
Ryssdal: You mention Elizabeth Warren earlier, the woman who was the brains I think you can say behind the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The CFPB has tried to regulate these guys, hasn't it? Debt collection agencies.
Hechinger: That's right. They're proposing to regulate. They're very interested in the subject broadly, not jsut for student loan debt collections. ANd they're very aware that the Federal Trade Commission receives more complaints about debt collection companies than any other industry. So one way or another, these companies are under a microscope.
Ryssdal: John Hechinger, he's a reporter with Bloomberg News. John, thanks a lot.
Hechinger: Thank you, Kai.
About the author
I agree to American Public Media's Terms and Conditions.
With Generous Support From...
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111513
|
Newburyport Charter, November Election 2011
I got a large gray “Report” in the mail yesterday (from the Newburyport Charter Commission). I almost threw it away. I imagine that about 85% of Newburyport households receiving this piece of mail, either put it in a pile to be “looked at later,” i.e. “looked at never,” or just tossed it outright.
Newburyport CharterProbably the next 10% put it aside, intending one day to actually read it, but they probably will not. The next 3%, like moi, looked at first page “Ballot Summary” so I would know how to vote. And maybe the last 2% actually perused the 51 page document at hand.
So much for 2 years or grueling hard work and utter transparency by the Newburyport Charter Review Committee.
So I’m going to make it easy.
On Tuesday, November 8, 2011, this is a really important vote. Basically a “Yes” vote means that the mayor of Newburyport, MA will be elected for 4 years instead of 2 years. (It’s a good idea, vote “Yes.”)
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111527
|
From: "TwoBirds" Subject: Re: "periodicities" in characteristics Date: Fri, 5 Mar 1999 19:41:42 -0800 Newsgroups: sci.math Keywords: relationship between continued fractions and c(k)=[(k+1)x]-[kx]-[x] John R Ramsden wrote ... >TwoBirds wrote ... [...] >>Suppose x is irrational with simple continued fraction [a(0);a(1),a(2),...], >>having the convergents p(n)/q(n) = [a(0);a(1),a(2),...,a(n)], q(0)=1, >>and whose characteristic is the binary string c(1)c(2)c(3)..., >>where c(k) = [(k+1)*x] - [k*x] - [x], k=1,2,3,... , and []=floor. >>[...] >>I conjecture that the characteristic of any irrational has the structure >>[*1] c(1) c(2) c(3) ... = s(1)^a(1) s(2)^a(2) s(3)^a(3) ... >>[*2] length(s(k)) = q(k-1), k=1,2,3,... >>and I want to find the explicit form of s(k), k=1,2,3,... [...] >>In fact, I've been able to deduce from a theorem of Markov that [*] is >>correct at least up to the third factor, with >> >>s(1) = 0 >>s(2) = 1 s(1)^(a(1)-1) >>s(3) = 0 s(2)^a(2) >> >>but I don't know the explicit form of s(k) for k>=4. > >"Elementary Number Theory" by Venkov has a longish section on this. >It may include what you are looking for (or more than you've found so far). Thank you for the reply. Venkov was my source for the "theorem of Markov" mentioned above. (That longish section you noted is Venkov's proof of that theorem, which is indeed a recursion for the characteristic, but it's not in the form I have conjectured. Venkov/Markov's recursion is so different that I was surprised to be able to manipulate it into the form above for s(1), s(2), s(3). But s(4) etc looked way too daunting, and I can see no way to show the equivalence in a general way that would automatically provide the form of s(k), k=1,2,3,... .
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111553
|
Angina Community
Shallow breathing and chest pain
About This Community:
Font Size:
Blank Blank
Shallow breathing and chest pain
HI Im 18 and I am a smoker. Im trying to quit smoking at the moment.
For the past 5 moths I have been experiencing shallow breathing and often feels like a chore, it feels sometimes I could just stop breathing if I didn't try.
There is intense pressure on my ribs just where the bra goes on the left side and also around the floating rib.
I get sharp pains that start right under my left boob and shoot along the left arm sometimes on the right too, it goes right up to my neck and sometimes my ear and down my leg .
My heart beat goes really fast with low exercise sometimes even just talking triggers it with shortness of breath. I also get the feeling of choking
I always seem to lean on my left side when standing or sitting, I also cant seem to hold my self up while making tea or anything seems like Im always leaning forward on the counter or table .
I get hot flashes and sweat loads even when Im cold.
Sometimes a hot flash comes just around my heart through to my back
I get dizziness and the feeling of disillusion.
I have very bad shoulder pain.
I also get feelings like things are bursting or ripping inside under my boob and around my chest my hip as well not painful just uncomfortable Very different to gas though.
My heart beat is very strong the majority of the time and feels uncomfortable, I can feel it in my back and sometimes in my neck, my brother even said he could feel it in his back too while both us sitting on the couch its so strong, Im starting to feel weak and tired all day and sometimes when I laugh it triggers pain or discomfort.
Iv never really been sick in my life besides a mild cold, I was always very fit and now I cant even take a step without breathlessness.
I eat well, good weight and right amount of exercise
I cant get on public transport without getting a panic attack or be in small rooms when I used to be fearless of basically anything.
This has forced me to drop out of college as I couldn't be in a room without getting hot flushes and dizziness and fast heart rate its taking away my social life too.
People seem to think its panic attacks but I feel it may be that and something else like out of place shoulders or trapped nerve
it all started quickly and never really stopped, I cant even get a good nights rest
I do feel the panic symptoms could be solved by counselling but im almost sure that this pain and discomfort would not go away Im going to go back to my chiropractor tooin case its just my back and shoulders. but i dont know if this will solve it
please help
Related Discussions
Hey Vanessa!
This sounds more like an issue related to the lung and less like a heart related cause, such as infections, inflammations, effusion etc. Other possibilities that may need to be considered include arrhythmias, hormonal/ endocrine causes, micronutrient deficiencies, neurological issues, GI/ related causes etc. I would suggest getting this evaluated by a primary care physician initially and depending on the cause diagnosed/ suspected, it can be managed accordingly or specialist care may be sought.
Hope this is helpful.
Take care!
Post a Comment
Weight Tracker
Weight Tracker
Start Tracking Now
Angina Community Resources
RSS Expert Activity
New Cannabis Article from NORTH Mag...
3 Reasons Why You are Still Binge E...
Jul 14 by Roger Gould, M.D.Blank
Emotional Eating: What Your Closet ...
Jul 09 by Roger Gould, M.D.Blank
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111563
|
Stage 3 - Pregnancy: Get Facts on Normal Labor and Delivery
Labor and Delivery (cont.)
Medical Author:
Medical Editor:
Stage 3
Stage 3 begins after the baby has been delivered. In stage 3, the placenta and fetal membranes are delivered. The placenta and membranes are sometimes referred to as the afterbirth. This usually takes only 5 to 10 minutes, but it can take up to 30 minutes. There are usually mild contractions that accompany stage 3 of labor and there may be some associated bleeding.
What kind of monitoring is done during labor?
During the first stage of labor, you will likely have pelvic examinations to check the extent and progression of the dilation of the cervix. The baby's heart rate is usually checked, sometimes with a Doppler device or fetoscope, as was done in prenatal check-ups. Additionally, many women have continuous fetal monitoring during labor. This measures both the baby's heartbeat and the contractions of the uterus. This is generally done by placing two transducers on your abdomen that send signals to a device that records the information. Internal fetal monitoring is another type of fetal monitoring. In this case, a small electrode is passed through the cervix and attached to the baby's scalp. The type of monitoring depends upon a number of factors. Your health care professional will choose the most appropriate type of monitoring for your individual situation. Continuous fetal monitoring is typically done, for example, if the woman receives epidural anesthesia or oxytocin (Pitocim) to induce labor. It also is usually done for high-risk pregnancies and when complications develop during labor.
What are pain control options during labor and delivery?
Many women opt not to receive medications or interventions for pain control during labor and delivery, while others choose medical or procedural pain control methods. Several different opioid analgesic and opioid agonist medications can be given for pain control. Examples are meperidine, fentanyl, morphine, butorphanol, and nalbuphine. Regional anesthesia is another option. Regional anesthesia can be administered as epidural, spinal, or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia. Research has shown that regional anesthesia is more effective than medications for pain control, and large clinical trials did not show an increase in Cesarean section rate in women who opt for regional anesthesia. Women who choose not to receive pain medications or anesthesia can use breathing techniques and imagery to help manage pain. Relaxation techniques and yoga have both been shown to improve pain control in labor.
REFERENCE: MedscapeReference.com. Normal Labor and Delivery.
Medically Reviewed by a Doctor on 5/16/2013
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111624
|
What's the difference between conduction and nerve deafness?
For sound to reach the inner ear it has to travel through the external ear canal, cross the middle ear then enter the hearing organ (the cochlea) in the inner ear.
Anything that blocks this will cause deafness. The commonest blockage is earwax, which can easily be dissolved.
The second most common cause in adults is a form of arthritis, which affects the chain of three bones that carry sound waves across the middle ear to the inner ear. As the hearing organ in the inner ear is intact, hearing aids are very helpful.
New Mirror Bingo
Deposit £10 & Get £40
The new and improved Mirror Bingo is here!
Win a Holiday
See the glorious beaches of Barbados, or wherever you like
Fancy a great beach getaway?
Enter now for your chance to win
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111648
|
Network: FPSguru RTSguru
Login: Password: Remember?
Show Quick Gamelist Jump to Random Game
Members:2,783,933 Users Online:0
Games:723 Posts:6,192,378
Filter Week Filter Game
Lord of the Rings Online : New Class Coming to the Game for All Players
Posted Mar 14, 2014 by Suzie Ford
During an event on the "Bullroarer" server for Lord of the Rings Online, it was announced that a new, as-yet-unnamed class will be coming to the game. Executive Producer Aaron Campbell let it be known that he had been in talked with Tolkien Enterprises about the class and that it is on that fits the lore. In addition, Campbell also let it be known that the class would be one that would be accessible to all players.
What class do you think it could be? Let us know in the comments!
Leave this field empty
Post Your Comment:
Our RSS 2.0 News Feed
Special Offer
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111661
|
You are playing Alias 2 Flash Game Online
Login OR Signup to rate this game
• 1
• 2
• 3
• 4
• 5
Alias 2 Game Details
Play Alias 2Game
Alias 2 Flash Game
Category: Action Games, Total Plays: 786
Tags: Alias 2
Game Description
Guide your alias through the building which is guarded by a very high tech security system. Can youYou must not allow humans to dicover the placement of uor supposedly "illegal" activities d
More Popular Games in Action Games Category
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111663
|
New MobyGoal! We're aiming for 1,500 well documented Arcade games.
Action Pack: Earthsiege 2 + Silent Thunder
Not an American user?
As the title already indicates this compilation includes the following two Sierra games:
There are no screenshots for this game
Part of the Following Groups
User Reviews
There are no reviews for this game.
The Press Says
There are no rankings for this game.
There are currently no topics for this game.
There is no trivia on file for this game.
Contributed to by Charly2.0 (30546)
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111664
|
New MobyGoal! We're aiming for 1,500 well documented Arcade games.
Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition Remix (Xbox)
missing cover art
100 point score based on reviews from various critics.
5 point score based on user ratings.
Not an American user?
Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition Remix is an enhanced budget re-release of Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition. In addition to all the content from the original, it adds a new fully-featured city, Tokyo, adapted from Midnight Club II, 24 new vehicles, new music, new races and battle maps for about 30% more content.
There are no Xbox screenshots for this game.
Part of the Following Groups
User Reviews
There are no reviews for this game.
The Press Says
Game Informer Magazine May, 2006 9.5 out of 10 95 Apr 03, 2006 91 out of 100 91
GameSpy Mar 20, 2006 4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars4.5 Stars 90
Game Chronicles Apr 14, 2006 8.9 out of 10 89
IGN Mar 13, 2006 8.8 out of 10 88
GameSpot 2006 8.2 out of 10 82
Worth Playing Apr 27, 2006 8 out of 10 80
There are currently no topics for this game.
There is no trivia on file for this game.
Related Web Sites
Ace of Sevens (4229) added Midnight Club 3: DUB Edition Remix (Xbox) on Sep 26, 2006
Other platforms contributed by Sciere (245704) and Ace of Sevens (4229)
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111668
|
Kissing revealed: 17 things you never knew about locking lips
Previous | Next
2/14/2011 4:36:13 PM -
Is it in his Kiss?
Oh, yes. Osculation, the scientific term for kissing, in many ways says everything about your compatibility with your mate and the health of your relationship. We asked scientist and journalist Sheril Kirshenbaum, author of the new book, The Science of Kissing: What Our Lips Are Telling Us, to tackle some of your top questions when it comes to smooching. Curious to know what happens inside our brains and bodies when we do it? Wondering whether a kiss means more to you than to your guy, or whether you can make your make-out session even better? Read on.
Kissing isn't just about chemistry
While two strangers might serendipitously find themselves chemically compatible, more often the best kisses grow out of an emotional connection and ambience, Kirshenbaum says. "So much of a great kiss is understanding the needs and desires of another person - there's no one-size-fits-all formula to it," she says. How-to guides "focus on where to put your hand or how to set the mood, when so much of it is intuitive that you make the person comfortable, secure and safe. It's an ultimate expression of how you feel about them."
Kissing comes naturally but our techniques can evolve
We're kissed from birth and other social animals seem to kiss, too. Bonobos - a type of Chimpanzee - have been known to smooch for up to 12 minutes straight, while giraffes like to entwine necks, and even fish touch lips, Kirshenbaum says. So while all of us seem to be programmed to know what to do, we pick up culture-specific techniques from movies and TV. Still, Kirshenbaum says, "There are definitely things people can learn to make it a better experience." Lay off the pressure - it produces the stress hormone Cortisol, a real buzz kill. "Getting to know someone fosters a bond and makes the likelihood of a kiss going well higher," she says.
Even a light lip-brushing is a huge turn-on for our brains
"It probably depends on who you ask - it's culturally influenced," Kirshenbaum says. The famous Indian sex text the Kama Sutra advises going for the lips, of course, as well as the inside of the mouth, the breasts, the throat and most places on the face. Science also provides some clues: It turns out that a disproportionate amount of brain space is taken up with processing information from the lips compared to the rest of our bodies. "Just a light brush on them stimulates a very large part of the brain - an area even more expansive than would be activated by sexual stimulation below the belt," Kirshenbaum writes.
We've been kissing for agesliterally
"The earliest literary evidence we have for kissing dates back 3,500 years to India's Vedic Sanskrit texts, but given that we see so many similar behaviors in other species, humans have likely been connecting this way as long as we have been here on Earth," Kirshenbaum says. Though there's no way to say for sure why people do it, kissing may have evolved from the early human practice of pre-chewing food for babies, when moms would pass sustenance to their children with their lips. Pressure and stimulation of the lips releases feel-good hormones such as oxytocin, often called the love or bonding hormone, so we're primed from infancy to enjoy the sensation, whether it's from nursing or kissing, Kirshenbaum says.
Kissing is universal
Kissing seems "almost completely universal" among humans today, Kirshenbaum says. But it wasn't always so; she cites the work of anthropologist Helen Fisher, who's noted that certain South African tribes once "found kissing disgusting" and that it was previously "unknown" among people in parts of East Africa and South America. Still, non-kissing cultures did kissy things like lick, suck or blow on a lover's face before intercourse, Kirshenbaum writes. "Now kissing is exported and we're using mouthwash and toothpaste, so in some ways the experience is so much better than before it became a common custom," she says.
Eskimos don't actually 'kiss'by rubbing noses
Eskimos don't actually rub noses, Kirshenbaum writes. But Canadian Inuits, as well as New Zealand's Maori people, do use their noses similarly to the way we use our lips: They sniff a loved one's face hard enough to suction the skin between their nose and upper lip. Though there isn't enough research to say whether this practice (or licking, sucking or blowing on a lover's face) produces the same feel-good chemicals as kissing, "It's fair to say that we're doing them for same reasons," Kirshenbaum says. "People seem to need to do [them] to connect with someone."
We always remember our First Kiss
If you're like most people, you remember your first kiss much better than losing your virginity, according to Butler University research. It's not clear why, but Kirshenbaum says it may relate to a kiss being our introduction to sexual behavior - and to all the important decisions that come with it. "I would expect it has to do with novelty and how much we engage all our senses in the behavior," she says. "A kiss really works as nature's litmus test. It tells us whether we decide to pursue a relationship."
It's all about first impressions
A bad first kiss can kill a would-be romance faster than you can reapply your lipstick. In a S.U.N.Y. Albany survey, 59 percent of men and 66 percent of women reported ending a relationship because the first kiss was off. The finding points to the way we unconsciously assess reproductive compatibility through a kiss, so a good kiss may signal a sizzling future under the sheets, Kirshenbaum says. Kissing releases chemicals associated with romantic and emotional bonding (oxytocin) and pleasure (dopamine). "A lot of people, especially men, judge how someone might perform later based on kissing," she says. "If you have that boost in oxytocin, those dopamine spikes, you can't wait to be with that person."
It's an essential ingredient for a long-lasting relationship
If you're looking for longevity with your honey, make time for kissing. Regular lip-locks signify a healthy relationship and perpetuate affection and attachment, Kirshenbaum says. Oxytocin, the same hormone that makes us bond to a new love also helps keep us attached. "Once the novelty wears off and romance wanes, it's that commitment that keeps a couple together, it keeps that loving feeling alive," Kirshenbaum says. "Kissing is such a good way of stimulating oxytocin and can really do the trick." Among long-term couples, kissing drops off over time, she adds, so make a point of including it in your day.
How we Smell matters
On a superficial level, our schnoz tells us whether we're dealing with Pig Pen or Old Spice Man. But it's also looking for clues about whether we're kissing a potential baby-making match - in the DNA department, opposites attract and our noses seem to discern genetic compatibility from a partner's natural scent. "Hygiene is important for everyone because it's the first indicator of whether this is worth pursuing or not," Kirshenbaum says. "Beyond that, scent seems to be an unconscious way someone's genetics and immunity are expressed." If you are worried that you're missing crucial info in your man's haze of aftershave (or that you're covering up your own with perfume), fear not, Kirshenbaum says: "If you spend enough time with someone, you'll notice their natural scent over time."
Want to make your lips more alluring? Wear red
There may be something to women trying to make their lips look like Angelina Jolie's. A woman's lips begin to thin with age as her estrogen levels decline, so full lips could signal fertility, Kirshenbaum writes. But too much plump could backfire: "If they get too big or out of sync with the rest of your face, there's a chance of having the opposite effect." To avoid turning off the very people you want to attract, Kirshenbaum suggests playing up your natural assets with bright, red lipstick - the color is consistently rated the most alluring in research.
Kissing can be addictiveat Least initially
Ever kiss someone and can't get enough? Chalk it up to dopamine. This feel-good brain chemical kicks into high gear during a kiss, making us elated and even obsessed with our partner. While that feeling is similarto addiction, dopamine is more abundant in the early stages of a relationship, and declines as the novelty of our partner wears off. But because dopamine is more plentiful when we're with a new love, it may play a role in the addictive nature of adultery, Kirshenbaum says. "It can be part of the reason why some people stray: The novelty has such a big role in the feelings associated with [the affair]," she says.
Kissing while (mildly) intoxicated can up the passion
To drink or not to drink? On the one hand, drugs and alcohol stimulate some of the same brain chemicals as a kiss, so you could mistake your substance-induced high for passionate feelings about your partner, Kirshenbaum says. But, that said, if you're looking for something casual, kissing can be better after a drink or two (and alcohol can release your inhibitions, making a kiss more likely). "It can wind up feelings better or worse - it depends on how drugs affect your sense of reality," Kirshenbaum says. "Kissing acts as a drug on top of everything else, so when there's a lot riding on it, go with most accurate impression of what you feel," which is probably more obvious when you're sober.
Kissing can actually help you make up
Forget chocolate and flowers - just plant one on her lips. Though a woman may profess to be unmoved by a kiss from the man she's fighting with, research has found that a smooch (or a few) paves the path to forgiveness, Kirshenbaum writes. The effect may come from the oxytocin that's released during kissing. Kissing may reduce levels of Cortisol - the stress hormone - coursing through our bodies during a fight. "Reducing stress is a pretty good way to amend a fractured relationship," Kirshenbaum says.
Kissing never gets old even when we do
While there hasn't been much study of kissing and longevity, there's reason to think that kissing is vital - and enjoyable -- throughout our lives, Kirshenbaum says. "Kissing is so important to long-term bonds," she says. "It helps to maintain a relationship." So she suspects kissing plays an important role from birth to death.
young men Thursday, July 24, 2014
Ecclesiastics 3 v 1-8 says 'there is time for everything.' If you get this state ...
read more »
smiling couple Monday, July 28, 2014
- Jimmy Evans When you have a problem, where do you go first? To a friend? To ...
read more »
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111715
|
Skip to main content
R| 1 hr. 59 min.
Plot Summary
A young woman trades her upper-class existence for a new life in an economically depressed suburb of London.
Cast: Suzy Kendall , Dennis Waterman , Maureen Limpan , Adrienne Posta ,
Directors: Peter Collinson , Bob Kellett
Genres: Drama
Up the Junction (1968)
Release Date: January 1st, 1968|1 hr. 59 min.
watch now
fan reviews ( )
similar movies
• Saturday Night and Sunday Morning (1960)
• Inside Llewyn Davis (2013)
• Mother of George (2013)
• Elysium (2013)
• 12 Years a Slave (2013)
Stay Connected with Moviefone
Download the Free App!
How do you watch stuff?
How else do you watch?
Select your online providers
My Settings
You are currently subscribed as: {email}
Weekly Newsletter
Daily alerts
You're not following any movies.
These are the movies you’re currently following.
Update settings
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111726
|
Jessalyn Gilsig Movies and Career Information
Jessalyn Gilsig profile image
Nov 30, 1971
Jessalyn Sarah Gilsig is a Canadian actress known for her roles in the television series Boston Public, as Gina Russo in Nip/Tuck and as Will Schuester's wife/ex-wife, Terri Schuester, in Glee. She also appeared in several episodes of NYPD Blue, Prison Break, and had a recurring role on Heroes, as well as several other series.
Help Fight Cancer
Partners: Ujena Swimwear
Page rendered in 0.4560 seconds
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111727
|
Sex Decoy: Love Stings: The Sketch Artist
The Sketch Artist
Sandra and Kashmir hire a Sex Decoy to find out if an artist who specializes in the female form is dipping his brush in more than paint.
Other Sex Decoy: Love Stings videos
Help Fight Cancer
Partners: Ujena Swimwear
Page rendered in 4.6929 seconds
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111734
|
Getting Your Game On: How Games and Learning Can Come Together!
Getting Your Game On will cover how, in both collegiate and K-12 environments, video games can be used to enhance the learning process. We will cover info for both presenting information to students through games as well as getting students to learn and re-purpose information in game format.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111735
|
Mt Best - Australia
Solar House Tour
Energy efficiency
Power station
Solar heating
Floor insulation
Solar hot water
Worm farm
Chest fridge
Bubble glazing
3phase pumping
Vegie Garden
Geothermal heating
80% efficient stove
Tips for your home
Fern tree gullies
Grow rainforest?
Our rainforest
Extending forest
Tree nursery
Direct seeding
Planting on slopes
Bristol 25 tractor
Guitar concerts
House in a forest
Night Life
Ocean views
Sunrise & sunset
Wild koalas
Redback spiders
Chest fridge
Using vertical doors in refrigeration devices is an act against the Nature of Cold Air. Understanding and cooperating with Nature rather than acting against it leads to much better efficiency.
My chest fridge (Vestfrost freezer turned into a fridge) consumes about 0.1 kWh a day. It works only about 2 minutes per hour. At all other times it is perfectly quiet and consumes no power whatsoever. My wind/solar system batteries and power-demand-sensing inverter simply love it.
It is obvious that a truly energy efficient fridge does not cost any more money than a mediocre one. It actually costs less. It also has amazing food-preserving performance becuse temperature fluctuations in its interior are naturally minimized.
So - WHY mediocre food-spoiling fridges are being made? WHO makes decisions to manufacture them? Who awards them "stars" and other misleading awards? Why people continue to buy and use energy wasting and food-spoiling devices? Does anyone care about understanding anything?
Nearly every household on Earth has a fridge that totally wastes at least 1 kWh of energy a day (365 kWh a year). How much reduction in greenhouse emissions can we achieve by banning just ONE inefficient household device in just ONE country? How many politicians debating for how many years will it take to achieve such a ban?
Rather than waiting for someone to do something I would like to volunteer to supply modified chest freezers and/or freezer modification kits to environmentally conscious people of Australia. Let’s do something in the right direction right now.
Chest fridge that consumes about 0.1 kWh per day. Yes, only about 100 Wh per day. If I connected my chest fridge to the power grid $5 would pay for the entire year of using it.
Note the electronic thermostat on the wall and the energy meter at the power point.
Full article pdf | Thermostat part list
Buying online freezer-to-fridge conversion thermostat
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111754
|
WarHammer 40k Cosplayers
1157577923923 WarHammer 40k Cosplayers Warhammer 40k Fantasy Science Fiction
Pause for a moment for a sponsor!
Please like MCS on Facebook
Leave a comment ?
9 Responses to WarHammer 40k Cosplayers
1. That is hardcore, but I like it.
2. wow, where did you get that, it’s awesome!
3. Where in god’s name did those costumes come from, how much, and where do i get one?????/
4. Uh, those costumes are from Nimba Creations, exclusively for GW. You aren’t going to get one.
5. AAWWWW wait.. I gotta work for GW.
That at seriously awsome though. at first i thought it was photo shopped.
Haha imagine running around the city in one of those. Or walk into a GW seller.
6. Why always ultra marines? why no Black Templars? :(
8. Games, video games, books, it’s all three. It started as a sort of board-game like thing (Idk the real name for it)
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111791
|
[mythtv] Feature: Configurable LIRC client name [PATCH]
Michael T. Dean mtdean at thirdcontact.com
Tue Feb 16 02:49:13 UTC 2010
On 02/15/2010 12:54 PM, David Kubicek wrote:
> I'm sending a small patch that enables changing MythTV's LIRC client
> ("program") name. This is quite useful when you have mythfrontend and
> mythtv-setup or several mythfrontends open at the same time. All these
> apps use "mythtv" client name by default, but by making this client
> name configurable, I can use the existing command-line overrides to
> allow different instances use a different name, hence different LIRC
> modes/mappings.
<my opinion>Die, new setting! Die!</my opinion>
How about program = mythtv works for mythfrontend, mythtv-setup, ...
program = mythfrontend works only for mythfrontend.
program = mythtv-setup works only for mythtv-setup.
No settings required. Then, if a user wants different keys for
different client apps, they map them appropriately in their lircrc.
Otherwise, the same mythtv that we've always used will work fine for the
other 99.999%. :)
It would require a bit more code, probably (as I haven't looked into the
LIRC libs), but I really think we have enough settings--even if this
would have been an "undocumented setting" (which may actually be worse
than making it a setting with a GUI control, because it encourages
direct DB editing).
More information about the mythtv-dev mailing list
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111816
|
Yeah Kurlee it's me again!
I use Elucence Poo! (the low sulfate poo)
2 times a week
Scalp and hair and here is why...
my personal feelings are if you use something that will cause build up in you "hair" you need to wash your "hair" and not just your scalp. Furthermore if you wash your scalp isn't that going to get into your hair anyway when you rinse anyway? Then I follow up with Elucence condish which I only use a quarter size amount because my hair gets weighed down easily.
Originally Posted by Ebayaholic
I am still thinking about that shampoo.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111847
|
A Time-Traveling Fictional Bar Crawl
When the What first caught my eye because of a Flavorwire link to their TGIF timeline. You know, if you were of a certain age, there was a point when you were totally stoked for Friday nights because it meant Full House, Family Matters and Perfect Strangers. But then I started perusing and loved the Time-Traveling Fictional Bar Crawl even more. I'm impressed that "The Ink and Paint Club" from Who Framed Roger Rabbit was included.
Link via Flavorwire
Newest 3
Newest 3 Comments
What, no Callahan's Crosstime Saloon from the Spider Robinson stories? I'd put it in the middle of the chart and loop everything back to it...
Abusive comment hidden. (Show it anyway.)
Commenting is closed.
Check out Twaggies' very funny clip:
Give a Man a Fish - Twaggies by Twaggies
Email This Post to a Friend
"A Time-Traveling Fictional Bar Crawl"
Separate multiple emails with a comma. Limit 5.
Success! Your email has been sent!
close window
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111856
|
Interview: The creator of Air Soccer talks about Windows 8 development
When Microsoft first announced their plans for the Windows Store feature in Windows 8, they also launched a contest where developers could submit Modern UI apps that would be released as part of the Consumer Preview version of Windows 8. One of the winning apps turned out to be the arcade game Air Soccer, created by developer Imran Shafiq of Dangling Concepts.
As a result, Shafiq becaome one of the first software developers with a public app available for download in the Windows Store when the Consumer Preview version of Windows 8 launched in late February. Shafiq has since released updates to Air Soccer that added cross platform multiplayer with the game's Windows Phone 7 counterpart.
We got a chance to ask some questions to Shafiq about his work on Air Soccer for Windows 8 and his plans for future games, including a upcoming title called Chess Wars.
First, can you tell us about your app and programming background?
I have been programming in Microsoft technologies for about 12 years. Visual C++, MFC, Win32 API, DirectX 8, C#.Net, Silverlight, XNA and now WinRT XAML. I currently have one app on Windows Phone "Air Soccer Fever" and I ported it to Windows 8 as well. I am working on one app for Windows Phone, Tank Arena, and one app for Windows 8, Chess Wars.
When you first heard about Windows 8 and the Windows Store, what was your first reaction?
Windows 8 Modern Apps design (previously called Metro) is a breath of fresh air. I got early access to the OS and WinRT API and I was immediately hooked to both, a great user experience and an excellent API. The introduction of Windows 8 Store is a blessing for commercial and Indie developers alike. Due to its discoverability, reach and monetary benefits, I decided to start developing for Windows 8 immediately.
How did you come up with the idea for Air Soccer for Windows 8?
I already had released Air Soccer Fever for Windows Phone 7. When I heard about the Microsoft First Apps Contest for Windows 8, I immediately decided to port Air Soccer Fever to Windows 8 since it is a great casual game for that form factor. Air Soccer Fever was a winner of the competition and I got a Windows 8 tablet and a lot of exposure out of it; thanks to Microsoft.
Overall, are there any tricks to making a touch screen based Windows 8 app or game compared to making a regular PC app?
The most important thing is the Microsoft Modern Apps Design specification. Good User experience design is essential in any application whether its built for Windows 7 desktop or Windows 8 Tablets but it becomes even more important when designing apps for Windows 8 tablets where touch first rules. Charms, Contracts, AppBars, Live Tiles, Push Notifications are important for a great Windows 8 Modern App. Microsoft has extensive documentation, guidance and samples available in these areas.
You had one of the first third party Windows 8 apps released in the Windows Store. How did that feel and what has the reaction been like since the game was released?
It was an amazing feeling to be part of the Windows 8 timeline. My game was featured in the Windows 8 store and got a lot of attention especially after the multiplayer implementation across Windows Phone and Windows 8. Since then, Sony featured the game for their upcoming Vaio Windows 8 device.
You also linked the Windows 8 version to the Windows Phone version. How hard was that to do?
Real-time multiplayer gameplay is not easy to implement especially due to latency and the non-deterministic nature of physics simulation. Fortunately there are services out there that can make the multiplayer communication very easy but you still have to implement the logic for your game. I used the Photon library provided by ExitGames. It's a great technology for implementing multiplayer games.
You have another project you are working on for Windows 8. What can you tell us about that?
I am working on two games, Tank Arena for Windows Phone and Chess Wars for Windows 8. Chess Wars will provide features like 1 player against device, 2 players on same device, local (LAN) multiplayer, online multiplayer gameplay, observe online games and learn from Grand Masters etc. Target release date is November 15th, 2012. I have submitted Chess Wars for the Microsoft apptivate initiative so please vote for it. Tank Arena is a 3d tank shooter game which will provide Tank battle against the device, 2 player multiplayer Coop and 4 player multiplayer death match. Target release date is January 15th, 2013.
How do you feel about some of the comments made by other game developers that feel that the Windows Store and Windows 8 are making the PC more of a closed system?
I don't think that's the case. In my opinion, Windows 8 makes the PC even more attractive for game developers. There are two versions of Windows 8 which can be targeted for games. Windows 8 Pro (desktop) and Windows 8 RT (essentially tablet). Windows 8 Pro desktop is the same as Windows 7 desktop so any game that can target Windows 7 desktop can target Windows 8 Pro. Windows 8 RT on the other hand has a different technology and distribution model. Apps and Games have to be specifically developed for Windows 8 RT in the new Win RT API/technology and they are distributed solely through the Windows 8 Store. Even apps/games for Windows 8 Pro desktop can be listed in the Windows 8 Store. That's discoverability. That model has been successful for iPhone, iPad, Android and Windows Phone. Moreover, since the Windows 8 RT shares the core with Windows Phone 8 and both allow native development (C++), I think its makes the Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8 a very attractive platform for games.
Finally, is there anything else you wish to say about Windows 8 and its upcoming launch?
I am super excited about the Windows 8 launch and the opportunities it bring. Microsoft has got it right this time and I am happy to be witnessing and taking a part in the Windows 8 and Windows Phone 8 eco system.
We would like to thank Imran for answering our questions
Images via Dangling Concepts
Previous Story
Chinese version of Microsoft Store site launches for Surface sales
Next Story
Microsoft officially announces Office 365 University
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111865
|
Get on TV! Submit or Make a Program
Maybe you've made a show, or maybe you've heard of a great show you'd like to submit. NCTV is the place to bring it. We'll put it on the air and on the Internet for the world to see. It's that simple.
Of course there is a form you'll have to fill out. And we will ask you lots of questions, like:
• Is the show a series?
• Is it non-commercial?
• Do you own the copywright or have permission to show it?
But don't fret. We're here to help.
How to submit a program
Tell your own story -- make a TV program
Find a videographer to help you tell your story
Hire NCTV to help you tell your story
PSA Day for Non-Profits
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111866
|
Early Skeletal Fossils
Stefan Bengtson (Department of Palaeozoology, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden)
Paleontological Society short course: “Neoproterozoic-Cambrian Biological Revolutions”, Denver, Colorado, USA
6 November 2004
Looking at small shelly fossils. Bengtson loathes that term, but it’s impossible to fight the tide. The term was coined by Matthews in 1975.
Biominerals - at least 60 different minerals are known; only a few are used to make skeletons - opal, calcite, magnesian calcite, aragonite, dahllite, francolite, amorphous calcium phosphate, pyrite, greigite, magnetite.
The most common way for organisms to make a mineral is to seal it within a cell, like sponge spicules (siliceous, calcareous) and octocoral (?) spicules, such as Microcoryne (a possible fossil octocoral spicule).
Another simple way to make a skeleton is to make a tube (a mineralized sheath) - Cloudina was the first to do this (~550 my in China, for example). Holes are known in Cloudina tubes - only certain-sized tubes have the holes (caused by a predator seeking out certain-sized prey).
“Clover animal limestone” of Rosén (1919) - contain triradiate tubes. These were first discovered by a Swede - they are now known as anabaritids.
Other types of tubes are conchs - more modern looking. Example: hyolithsExample: Archaeospira (a stem-group mollusc).
Cupitheca - has a sophisticated skeleton; a tube-dwelling animal. It threw off older parts of the tube & walled off the tube.
Sclerites - includes jaw-like forms (Cyrtochites) (a predators), but not from a known animal body plan.
Includes Scoponodus - mystery sclerites.
Includes Microdictyon - made less sense that Scoponodus; Microdictyon was originally interpreted as the basal skeleton or support for egg laying - all wrong. Chengjiang showed them to be velvet worm shoulder pads.
“Tommotian trilobite” - an enigmatic sclerite was found in the basal Tommotian (Fedorov et al., 1979). The actual specimen is not trilobite-like in appearance - is called TumulduriaTumulduria is of unknown affinities - it's a weakly mineralized plate.
Includes Paracarinachites - have a lamellar structure, have growth lamellae. It is not chiton-like.
Includes Allonia, a chancelloriid. The whole organisms have been found in Burgess Shale/Chengjiang-type deposits. Chancelloriids have a different kind of sclerite - they have coelosclerites (hollow sclerites). It’s probably easy to make hollow sclerites (= phylogenetic problems). Chancelloriids were discovered by a Swede, one year before Walcott did. Chancelloriids have platelets in the integument (Burgess Shale, Chengjiang). The integument is continuous, with sclerites; the only difference between integument & sclerites is mineralization of sclerites.
Reconstructions of sclerite-bearing animals often look like loaves of bread with sclerites.
Siphogonuchitids - sometimes find sclerites fused into scales - scaly sclerites.
Halkieriids - hollow sclerites. The scleritome was found by Peel and Conway Morris in North Greenland. Halkieriids were stem-group molluscs or stem-group lophophorates.
Tommotiids - may not be a phylogenetic grouping; sclerites are phosphatic, with accretionary growth, can have sclerite merging. Example: Eccentrotheca displays very diverse shapes - “guano”; made by a sloppy animal. Example: Lapworthella, Camenella (has left- & right-handed sclerites).
Tannuolina - a tommotiid? related to Camenella? This also has left- & right-handed sclerites. Two mitral sclerites can be fused in Tannuolina. Were there 4 rows of sclerites on a slug?
Dailyatia - another tommotiid. Variously reconstructed as loaves with scales.
Roger Thomas et al. (2000) defined skeletal space. Animals use most available skeletal space. But, there are combinations that are ridiculous and animals recognize this and don’t use those.
Spines & scales - useful & common structures (protection is the primary function of these) - note a cactus and a pine cone.
The modern, deep-sea scaly foot gastropod (Crysomallon squamiferum) - has an aragonite shell with pyrite and greigite scales covering the foot - may be a modified operculum. Greigite (Fe3S4) is the sulfide equivalent to magnetite, so it is also magnetic.
Such structures may have formed with the help of bacteria, but mediated by the gastropod.
There’s a choice of minerals for skeletonization - animals use 4 basic groups of minerals to make skeletons - why the choices are made isn’t always clear.
But, sometimes the “why” is known - chitons have a magnetite radula - it is very hard for scraping rocks.
The Precambrian-Cambrian boundary is a mineralization phenomenon.
Why mineralization? Detoxification idea - Ca is toxic at high levels - but can get rid of it or incorporate it into the skeleton for protection or mechanical improvements in the body.
The type of minerals used by an organism may be based on where the skeleton originated.
Massive phosphate deposits occur near the Precambrian-Cambrian boundary (like Doushantuo, China). This is near the beginning of everything.
Home page
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111920
|
Khalil Gibran
From New World Encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Khalil Gibran
Day, Fred Holland (1864-1933) - 1897 - Khalil Gibran with book detail.jpg
Khalil Gibran – Photograph by Fred Holland Day(1864-1933)–1897
Born: January 6 1883
Bsharri, Lebanon
Died: April 10 1931
New York City, United States
Occupation(s): Poet, visual artist
Nationality: Lebanese American
Khalil Gibran (born Gibran Khalil Gibran, Arabic: جبران خليل جبران, Syriac: ܓ̰ܒܪܢ ܚܠܝܠ ܓ̰ܒܪܢ) (January 6, 1883 – April 10, 1931) was an artist, poet and writer. He was born in Lebanon and spent much of his productive life in the United States. He is best known for his book of essays, The Prophet, which achieved a cult-like status in the U.S. Gibran's work, which blended Christianity with Middle Eastern spirituality, particularly that of `Abdu'l-Bahá, which struck a chord with many young people in the aftermath of the turbulent 1960s.
Youth in Lebanon
According to his relative of the same name, the Gibran family's origins are obscure. Though his mother was the "offspring of a priestly, and important family," the Gibran clan was "small and undistinguished." He was born in the Maronite town of Bsharri in northern Lebanon, and grew up in the region of Bsharri.
As a result of his family's poverty, Gibran did not receive any formal schooling during his youth in Lebanon. However, priests visited him regularly and taught him about the Bible, as well as the Syriac and Arabic languages. During these early days, Gibran began developing ideas that would later form some of his major works. In particular, he conceived of The Prophet at this time.
After Gibran's father went to prison for fraud and tax evasion, Ottoman authorities confiscated his family's property. Authorities released Gibran's father in 1894, but the family had by then lost their home. Gibran's mother, Kamilah, decided to follow Gibran's uncle and emigrate to the United States. Gibran's father chose to remain in Lebanon. Gibran's mother, along with Khalil, his younger sisters Mariana and Sultana, and his half-brother Peter (a.k.a. Butros) left for New York on June 25, 1895.
Youth in America
Kahlil Gibran with leopard skin and staff, seated, photograph by Fred Holland Day, 1898.
At the time the second largest Lebanese-American community was in Boston's South End, so the Gibrans decided to settle there. His mother began working as a peddler to bring in money for the family, and Gibran started school on September 30, 1895. Since he had had no formal schooling in Lebanon, school officials placed him in a special class for immigrants to learn English. Gibran's English teacher suggested that he Anglicize the spelling of his name in order to make it more acceptable to American society. Kahlil Gibran was the result.
Art and poetry
A publisher used some of Gibran's drawings for book covers in 1898, and Gibran held his first art exhibition in 1904 in Boston. During this exhibition, Gibran met Mary Elizabeth Haskell, a respected headmistress ten years his senior. The two formed an important friendship that lasted the rest of Gibran's life. Haskell influenced not only Gibran's personal life, but also his career. In 1908, Gibran went to study art with Auguste Rodin in Paris for two years. This is where he met his art study partner and lifelong friend Youssef Howayek. He later studied art in Boston.
While most of Gibran's early writing was in Arabic, most of his work published after 1918 was in English. Gibran also took part in the New York Pen League, also known as Al-Mahjar ("immigrant poets"), alongside other important Arab American authors Ameen Rihani ("the father of Arab American literature"), Mikhail Naimy and Elia Abu Madi.
Much of Gibran's writings deal with Christianity, mostly condemning the corrupt practices of the Eastern churches and their clergies during that era. His poetry is notable for its use of formal language, as well as insights on topics of life using spiritual terms.
Gibran's best-known work is The Prophet, a book composed of 26 poetic essays. During the 1960s, The Prophet became especially popular with the American counterculture and New Age movements. The Prophet remains famous to this day, with passages often read at weddings and christenings.
One of his most famous lines of poetry in the English speaking world is from 'Sand and Foam' (1926), which reads: 'Half of what I say is meaningless, but I say it so that the other half may reach you'. This was taken by John Lennon and placed, though in a slightly altered form, into the song "Julia" from The Beatles' 1968 album The Beatles (a.k.a. "The White Album").
Gibran's most famous line of all is that which inspired John F. Kennedy's oft quoted "Ask Not What Your Country Can Do For You," from his 1961 inaugural address. The quote was inspired by a 1925 article, "The New Frontier," in which Gibran wrote: "Are you a politician asking what your country can do for you or a zealous one asking what you can do for your country? If you are the first, then you are a parasite; if the second, then you are an oasis in a desert."
Juliet Thompson, one of Khalil Gibran's acquaintances, said that Gibran told her that he thought of `Abdu'l-Bahá, the divine leader of the Bahá'í Faith in his lifetime, all the way through writing The Prophet. `Abdu'l-Bahá's personage also influenced Jesus, The Son of Man, another book by Gibran. It is certain that Gibran did two portraits of him during this period.[1]
Death and legacy
Kahlil Gibran memorial in Washington, D.C.
The Gibran Museum and Gibran's final resting place, located in Bsharri, Lebanon.
Gibran died in New York City on April 10, 1931; the cause was determined to be cirrhosis of the liver and tuberculosis. Before his death, Gibran expressed the wish that he be buried in Lebanon. This wish was fulfilled in 1932, when Mary Haskell and his sister Mariana purchased the Mar Sarkis Monastery in Lebanon. Gibran remains the most popular Lebanese-American writer ever.
The Prophet
The Prophet is a book of 26 poetic essays written in 1923. In the book, the prophet Almustafa, who has lived in the foreign city of Orphalese for 12 years, is about to board a ship which will carry him home. He is stopped by a group of people, who prevail upon him to discuss his insights on the many mysteries of life and the human condition. The book is divided into chapters dealing with the gamut of human life: love, marriage, children, giving, eating and drinking, work, joy and sorrow, houses, clothes, buying and selling, crime and punishment, laws, freedom, reason and passion, pain, self-knowledge, teaching, friendship, talking, time, good and evil, prayer, pleasure, beauty, religion, and death. One of Gibran's best known works, the book achieved a cult following among American young people. He followed it with a sequel, the Garden of Prophet, and was due to produce a third part when he died.
Selected works
• Ara'is al-Muruj (Nymphs of the Valley, also translated as Spirit Brides, 1906)
• al-Arwah al-Mutamarrida (Spirits Rebellious, 1908)
• al-Ajniha al-Mutakassira (Broken Wings, 1912)
• Dam'a wa Ibtisama (A Tear and A Smile, 1914)
• The Madman (1918)
• al-Mawakib (The Processions, 1919)
• al-‘Awāsif (The Tempests, 1920)
• The Forerunner (1920)
• al-Bada'i' waal-Tara'if (The New and the Marvellous,1923)
• The Prophet, (1923)
• Sand and Foam (1926)
• The Son of Man (1928)
• The Earth Gods (1929)
• The Wanderer (1932)
• The Garden of The Prophet (1933)
1. Bahai Faith Retrieved December 23, 2007.
• Bushrui, Suheil and Joe Jenkins. Kahlil Gibran, man and poet: a new biography. Oneworld Publications, 1998. ISBN 1851681779
• Daoudi, M. S. The Meaning of Kahlil Gibran. Citadel Press, 1982. ISBN 0806508043
• Gibran, Kahlil. Kahlil Gibran: His Life and Works. Interlink Publishing Group; Revised edition, April 1998. ISBN 9781566562492
External links
All links retrieved December 13, 2013.
Research begins here...
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111937
|
Skip to content
Strategy 1.3
Identify and integrate biological markers (biomarkers) and behavioral indicators associated with mental disorders.
NIMH encourages studies that go beyond current diagnostic boundaries to seek biomarkers associated with domains of function (e.g. emotion regulation, executive function, impulsivity, social communication, and memory). Of greatest interest are biomarkers that influence practice because they predict treatment or prognosis.
Research Priorities
1. Develop integrated profiles/panels of clinically relevant and validated biomarkers and behavioral indicators (e.g., genes, proteins, brain images, behaviors, or a combination), creating “biosignatures” of disorders.
Priority areas include:
1. Identifying and validating high sensitivity and specificity biomarkers that define valid subtypes of the major mental illnesses.
2. Determining the heritability for identified biomarkers.
3. Facilitating collection and deposition of genetic samples and other biomaterials from large, deeply phenotyped cohort studies (e.g., imaging and neuropsychological) to promote integrated analyses and accelerate the identification and validation of biomarkers and biosignatures.
2. Identify biomarkers and behavioral indicators for different stages of illness and recovery (e.g., onset vs. relapse, risk vs. resilience).
Priority areas include:
1. Identifying and validating biomarkers for risk, early stage (prodrome), and symptomatic phases of illness.
Back to Strategic Objective 1 Overview
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111958
|
FAQ - What is an integrated FM transmitter? How can I use it?
An integrated FM transmitter transmits music to your FM radio over a short range of 2 to 3 metres. It can be switched on and off at any time. The transmitting frequency is defined by the user within the range of 88.1MHz – 107.9MHz.
Find a channel free from public broadcast, tune the FM transmitter to the selected channel, and set your radio to the same channel.
The availability of this feature may vary by country or region.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111970
|
In This Section
Jeffery Sokoloff
Professor Email: Phone: 617.373.2931
Ph.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1967
Area(s) of Expertise
Theoretical Condensed Matter Physics
Research Interests
A common way to lubricate surfaces is to coat them with liquids which are able to keep them apart and reduce the friction. There are two common types of liquid lubrication, hydrodynamic and boundary lubrication. In hydrodynamic lubrication, a sufficiently thick layer of liquid is maintained between two surfaces by hydrodynamic forces as they slide (for example by having structures on the surfaces known as hydrodynamic bearings, which enhance the hydrodynamic forces holding the surfaces apart). The resulting friction between the surfaces will be viscous friction due to the shearing of the lubricant, which is generally much lower than the friction between bare solid surfaces. Hydrodynamic lubrication will also occur for an axle turning in a bearing cage, where the rotation of the axle tends to result in the lubricant being pushed under the axle, so that the axle is supported by hydrodynamic forces. For slow speed sliding, however, we must rely on boundary lubrication, in which the surfaces are separated by a layer of lubricant, which is typically not sufficiently thick to keep the highest points on the two surfaces apart, since in this case the hydrodynamic forces are not sufficiently strong to maintain a sufficiently thick liquid layer. Many liquids, including water, could serve as excellent boundary lubricants if we had a way to hold them in place as the surfaces are slid relative to each other. Human and animal joints are very effectively lubricated and are able to bear large loads at both slow and fast sliding speeds by holding a sufficiently thick lubricating layer of water in place. Three possible mechanisms for lubrication in living beings are being studied. Two of these three mechanisms are lubrication by polymer brushes and lubrication by hydrogels. The third is the ability of cartilage to cushion loads with little dissipation. This is classified as a form of lubrication because it protects the bone surfaces of the joints and reduces dissipation during motion, which is one of the functions of a lubricant. In all three of these mechanisms, it is argued that the primary mechanism for support of the load is osmotic pressure due to the counterions associated with charged polymers. The goals of this project are to provide microscopic models for these lubrication mechanisms in living creatures with the possibility that similar mechanisms can be used in other lubrication applications, including, but not restricted to, prosthetic devices.
125 Dana Research Center
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111984
|
B.3 You Are Unable to Change Your Vibe Password
Problem: You are unable to change your Novell Vibe password as described in section Section 1.4.1, Modifying Your Profile.
If you are unable to modify your Vibe password it is probably because your personal information is being synchronized from an external directory server. You must consult your Vibe administrator to make any changes.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111985
|
CIO Magazine: Collaborate Without Compromise
This is an excellent 8-page article that we created with CIO Magazine on Collaboration. Here is an excerpt from the article: "Together, Novell GroupWise and Novell Vibe create an environment that combines the ubiquity and reliability of email with the latest team collaboration tools to maximize information sharing and idea exchange. This combination boosts productivity and sparks innovation without introducing higher costs, complexity, or risk. It also provides a way to break down barriers to idea sharing while meeting security and compliance requirements, reducing travel costs, and preserving corporate knowledge."
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111987
|
Are The Oscars Good For You?
It's practically tradition this time of year to discuss the inanity of the Academy Awards. But NPR pop culture critic Linda Holmes wonders: maybe the Oscars are good for society. Weekend Edition guest host Don Gonyea hears why.
This weekend, one vote-casting body of officials will make some tough decisions sure to leave many people unhappy.
DANIEL DAY-LEWIS: (as Abraham Lincoln) I don't envy him his task. I mean, I wish he had chosen an instrument for his purpose more wielding the House of Representatives.
GONYEA: No, no, President Lincoln, we're talking about the Academy. The 85th Academy Awards haven't even happened yet but there's already been plenty of complaining.
BEN AFFLECK: (as Tony Mendez) There are only bad options. It's about finding the best one.
GONYEA: But you know what?
QUVENZHANE WALLIS: (as Hushpuppy) It wasn't no time to sit around crying like a bunch of babies.
GONYEA: "Lincoln," "Argo," "Beasts of the Southern Wild" - all movies that could be considered good for you. That's right - some people think the Oscars aren't so bad after all - good for movies, good for entertainment, maybe even good for society. One such person is NPR's pop culture blogger Linda Holmes, who joins me now. Linda, we have never met, you and I.
LINDA HOLMES, BYLINE: No, we have not.
GONYEA: We're in different parts of the building.
HOLMES: It's true, but they Oscars bring people together, see?
GONYEA: OK. So, the Oscars. The ceremony is always - dare I say it - kind of inane...
HOLMES: Absolutely.
GONYEA: ...kind of forgettable. Is there something that pushes the Oscars to a greater good, a net good, if you will?
HOLMES: Absolutely. If you focus on the ceremony itself, it's very silly, it's good only for social purposes - hanging out with friends, having parties, participating in our live blog, for example. But if you look at the Oscars as an institution, what you have is a high-profile list of good movies. Are they necessarily the absolute greatest movies? Probably not. But you have this year a list of nine Best Picture contenders, all of which are interesting, all of which will get extra box office and therefore extra viewing from being nominated. It brings them into the spotlight and I think that is a good thing.
GONYEA: We have big blockbuster movies, we have little small movies. Those small movies have long gotten attention from the Oscars, right? All kinds of them.
HOLMES: It's always been a mix. I think when they expanded the Best Picture field a few years from five to originally 10, and now it's up to 10, they intended to make more room for more popular movies. They were concerned that the awards were going to movies that nobody saw, so nobody cared. I think the thought was maybe it would be a place where this year you might have seen a movie like "The Avengers." But what actually has happened is you have a lot of room for movies like "Beasts of the Southern Wild," which is a very small movie, "Amor," which is a foreign film, probably tough to get a nomination, you know, notwithstanding few exceptions.
GONYEA: So, should we feel bad for those big blockbusters? Where's "Skyfall?" Where's "Twilight: Breaking Dawn - Part 2?"
HOLMES: Perhaps not "Twilight," but, you know, "Skyfall" was very much in the conversation about Best Picture nominees. I don't think anybody ever thought it had a good chance. But given what the field is like now, you will eventually see something like that happen. It's already happened with a couple of animated kid's pictures, which although "Beauty and the Beast" was nominated a while ago, typically that's been tough too. But "Up" was nominated, "Toy Story 3" was nominated. But it didn't happen this year, despite how much everybody liked "The Avengers." But fortunately they're going to have you knee-deep in superhero movies until 2030, so it'll happen at some point.
GONYEA: They'll never run out.
HOLMES: They probably won't.
GONYEA: If you go back a bit, like, "Jaws" was nominated.
HOLMES: Absolutely. One of the really interesting things, I think, about this year's Oscars is to look at Steven Spielberg, who directed "Lincoln," which is perhaps the most obviously Oscar-like movie, it used to be Steven Spielberg was the guy who made, as you say, "Jaws" and "Raiders of the Lost Ark" and "E.T." - sort of atypical, fun movies that people loved so much that they became awards-y movies. Now, he's really the one who makes the most obviously awards-y movie of the year. It's an interesting trajectory.
GONYEA: The Oscars still face the criticism that it's very old-fashioned, very backwards-looking.
HOLMES: You know, it's really hard to get excited about an evening that is mostly very well-off people patting each other on the back. It is a tough sell. And I think that's one of the reasons you get a sort of mix of people watching it straightforwardly and watching it sort of ironically - watching it with a little bit of a wink. Because it is really tough to say will it be this fabulously wealthy, beautiful person or that fabulously wealthy, beautiful person? Tune in and see. So, people have to sort of make their own fun, I think.
GONYEA: So, back to your thesis, that the Oscars are a good thing for society. If there was a best for society category this year, what would get the statuette?
HOLMES: In terms of best for society category, I think the ability of the Academy Awards to shed light on documentaries, many of which will be available to people much more than they used to be through Netflix or On Demand. The ability to bring a documentary, like "How to Survive a Plague," about AIDS activism in New York in the '80s and '90s; the ability to cast light on a movie like that and bring it out to where more people will see it and be aware of it, I think the Academy Awards does a world of good for movies like that.
GONYEA: You have convinced me, but please don't tell me, the E! channel red carpet show is also good for America.
HOLMES: Oh no, no, no, no. It's not at all. That's just good for the worst part of you.
GONYEA: Linda Holmes, host of NPR's pop culture blog, Monkey See, where she will be live-blogging the Academy Awards tomorrow night. Linda, thank you.
HOLMES: Thank you.
GONYEA: And a pleasure to meet you.
HOLMES: Pleasure to meet you.
GONYEA: You're listening to WEEKEND EDITION from NPR News.
Support comes from:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/111988
|
Sound Immigration Policy Requires Labor Enforcement
Commentator Ruben Navarrette says President Bush's immigration plan should be tougher on employers who hire illegal immigrants and says it needs some way to insure that guest workers will really leave the country when their time is up.
Commentator Ruben Navarette has his own concerns about the administration's immigration plan. He wants to make sure that guest workers don't overstay their welcome.
How time flies. President Bush has been talking about fixing the nation's immigration system since September 2001. That's when he and Mexican President Vicente Fox first floated the idea of matching US employers with Mexican workers. Now the administration has finally put its plan on the table, and frankly, it's positively underwhelming. Homeland Security Secretary Michael Chertoff told Congress in October than he envisions immigration reform as a three-legged stool. The administration's plan calls for 1,000 new Border Patrol agents and 100 more work site investigators. But the third leg is the most important. It would allow millions of workers now in the US illegally to apply for three-year work visas with a three-year extension before returning to their home countries.
Despite what President Bush said in his speech in Arizona yesterday, that's amnesty. What else do you call it when people in the country illegally, prime candidates for deportation, are allowed to remain here? President Bush says that this guest worker plan would cut down on the number of people trying to enter the country illegally, but it doesn't work that way. Guest workers are not being brought in from another country; they're already here. Letting them stay won't have any impact whatsoever on how many other immigrants come to the United States. Those who want to come are still going to come, legally if possible and illegally if necessary. And these workers aren't really temporary. Six years is more then enough time for someone to put down roots in this country. Former Senator Alan Simpson was right when he quipped that, `There's nothing more permanent than a temporary worker.'
The stool needs a fourth leg, namely tougher employer sanctions and a real commitment to enforce them, against everyone from soccer moms to huge corporations. But despite President Bush's call yesterday for better work site enforcement, he'll never fully go along with tougher penalties. For the president, cracking down on employers stands in the way of a mutually beneficial business transaction between someone who needs a worker and someone who needs a job. And even if President Bush did believe in punishing employers, it's hard to imagine he'd find much support from members of Congress, who depend on business interests to fill their coffers at election time. It's simple economics and even simpler politics.
But this part isn't simple. What assurances do we have that guest workers will leave when their time is up, that they won't just go back to being old-fashioned illegal workers, unwelcome guests? The White House says it hopes these workers will step forward and voluntarily go home. Now that's what I call wishful thinking. If only the administration could take the problem of illegal immigration more seriously and come up with real-world solutions. But I guess now I'm the one doing the wishful thinking.
INSKEEP: Commentator Ruben Navarette is a syndicated columnist and a member of The San Diego Union-Tribune's editorial board. We will have another perspective on immigration reform tomorrow.
This is NPR News.
Support comes from:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112064
|
Readers Journal weblog/wEssays home
On Capital Traps (DC, April 15, 2008)
Nice bit of work today on housing as a capital trap. (Real Estate: A Capital Trap for National Savings April 9, 2008)
It left me confused and picayune as to a couple of points though:
While I understand your point about how residential real estate has turned into an illiquid sinkhole of dough, I don't understand your point about the capital trapped at financial institutions. Isn't it the same capital (a least as embodied in the original, non-derivative securities)? And if the capital was enabling the investment in real-estate, in what sense was it trapped (one supposes it could have gone anywhere)? Of course, it may be more trapped now, but the point remains that it seems to be the SAME dough that's trapped in OSB sheathing and half-built clubhouses... I guess I need some more clarification of this point.
I also disagree that no jobs were created as a consequence of the building. Though you allow that jobs were created in the construction, you seem to dismiss their significance. But a lot of those jobs paid quite well, and there were a lot of them (whether or not they persist). Finally, the retail build-out didn't leave behind exactly nothing - it left a lot of retail and service jobs (crappy jobs, to be sure, but still a lot of them).
As to why corporate and other collective capital doesn't/didn't go elsewhere, that's an interesting question. The motivation behind corporate buybacks, though, is pretty straightforward: in addition to propping up share prices through the purchasing activity itself (which I would suggest is statistically invisible), reducing shares increases EPS, which increases share price more tangibly, and so increases the value of management's ultimate perk, the stock option. (It also conveniently offsets the *increase* in shares respresented by the option grants. Though I'm not sure what the actual numbers are, given that buybacks are usually denominated in billions and options in the (obscene) millions, I'd guess it works out to a net decrease in shares outstanding).
Are there no better uses for the money? I've often thought that one answer might just be that the hurdle rate of return is set too high and/or has increased over time within companies. Though there are rational calculations involved in determining what a cash return needs to be to cover costs in an enterprise, often the number is just made up, I'm thinking at least in part just to show how manly the company or manager involved is. If the CEO says any new project has to show an 18% return to obtain company capital, that's what has to be built into the projections, and it seems to me that demands of that scale are both hard to meet and probably higher than they were 30 years ago. I mean, 18% is a lot. Call it 20% and it's even more. (Seems to have work though - look at the money they make.) But I wonder if this sort of expectation is "natural" or realistic, in some way. Would a farmer expect this? Of course, I have no idea if this is actually true.
The other branch of this thinking is that maybe there aren't the number of high-value investments available that we'd like to think there are. To be sure there are lots of *public* undertakings that could absorb a lot of dough, but that's a different question. But one significant possibility is that much of the *manufacturing* capacity that the world needs can be satisfied by a relatively small proportion of the population and available capital. Though it's a gross simplifiication, we might be able to agree that the manufacturing capacity of China + the US + Europe, + 5 years for growth and consolidation, could, in gross terms, be enough to provide everyone in the world with all the stuff they use at roughly the same levels of consumption as now. That this is a managable conceptual simplification suggests to me that we recognize that manufacturing (which is the classic "good-job" activity) has become and will continue to be very efficient, and it might be misplaced to suppose that there's a crying need (vs. desire) for more of it everywhere.
At the same time as there is an evident lack of good-job-producing investment, there is tons of cash running around looking for someplace to land. Large amounts of it goes into big dumb sterile activity like buybacks and takeovers, but there's also lots looking for big scores in venture capital. The abundance of that money led to the dot-com boom, and may soon lead to another bubble in alternative energy. In this case, there's no shortage of available investments, but they are constrained by their small size (of both capital and payroll) and the probablilties of failure. The scale of available capital doesn't coincide with the scale of decent, new, investments.
There is one last point: to the extent that coporate managements can't or won't find more productive (re)investments for all the loot they make overcharging us to make their 20% hurdle rates, there's no excuse to be hoarding the resultant cash. Though the argument is weakened owing to the skewed distribution of stock in the population, one obvious form of relief is for corporations to start paying out significant parts of the cash in dividends, putting it back into consumptive circulation and kicking up demand for more stuff and services. Other than having the cash on hand to do buybacks for the reasons outlined above, it escapes me as to why companies choose to ignore the basic premise of paying its stockholders this way.
I'm not sure, then, that the final issue comes down to a lack of capital or willingness to invest productively. To be sure, a lot of capital is being destroyed in the housing disaster, but there is trillions left looking for places to go. What might be significant about this particular capital is that its regular-folks' capital being destroyed instead of the corporate capital that gets destroyed all the time but is noted only as writedowns of goodwill and restructuring charges in dull financial news.
Perhaps the bigger issues are the consequences of *concentrated* capital in huge enterprises and the ultimate productive efficiencies of the global economy. If 5 companies in each industry could satisfy demand for everything *necessary* to comfortable existence using a tenth of the world's population working in 10 large economies, what would the rest of us be doing? Holding their stock and collecting dividends? Maybe.. (or maybe I'm just full of shit).
For more on a wide array of other topics, please visit the oftwominds.com weblog.
HTML, format and art copyright © 2008 Charles Hugh Smith, copyright to text and all other content in the above work is held by the author of the essay as of the publication date listed above. All rights reserved in all media.
Readers Journal weblog/wEssays home
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112065
|
Anthropology Primer
The centre of my universe is anthropology. Socio-cultural anthropology and languages are my passion. There's a whole world out there waiting to be discovered, and I am the best armchair explorer I know. :-)
The following is an introductory primer to the subject.
Culture has been defined in an infinite number of ways. The goal is of course to find a fully encompassing and functional definition, that separates culture from other closely-related terms such as society. Culture is something that is divided between the tangible essence of a social whole and the intangible essence. Obvious, physical culture is seen in the artifacts of a given society. But, less obtrusive is the ideas, beliefs, behaviours, etc. these still manifest themselves within the culture, but aren't necessarily as overt. More or less, the whole definition of culture establishes a paradigm for cultural conformity.
But what is society then? This much better defined. It's the people of a given location that share the same cultural traditions. It can comprise of people of varied backgrounds and cultural persuasions, but their common goal of surviving together, creates a society. A broader term is, social structure. This is the relationship that holds the society together. The society can be comprised of a variety of culture groups. These are the subcultural variation found within a society. The subcultural variation is a distinctive set of standards and behaviour patterns by which a group within a larger society operates. In a society where there is a large number of subcultural patterns, the society is called pluralistic.
The process by which a society's culture is transmitted from one generation to the next is called enculturation. This is not to be confused with integration. Integration is the tendancy for all aspects of a culture to function as an interrelated whole.
Other aspects of culture include adaption. That is having characteristics that foster the survival of organisms in the special environment. Now there's a definition right out of Darwin. People adapt to different environments as well as the natural adaptive processes that are inherent in different cultural groups.
Revitalization movements are a unique social movement that we have seen often today. These social movements serve the purpose of completely reforming a society. This occurs when the culture fails to fulfill the needs of the people and they require a significant change.
In this day and age of multiculturalism, there are 2 very important buzz words. The first is Cultural relativism. The idea that cultures are so unique, that they can only be evaluated within their own standards and values. This is opposed by Ethnocentrism. That is, the belief that one's own culture is superior and therefore the guide to examining all other cultures.
Language is defined as a system of communication using symbols that are put together in meaningful ways according to a set of rules.
Symbols are sounds or gestures that stand for meanings among a group of people. Signal, on the other hand, is a sound or gesture that has a natural or biological meaning.
Phonetics is the study of the production, transmission, and reception of speech sounds. Linguistics is the study of all aspects of language. Phonology is the study of the sound patterns of language. Ethnolinguistics is the study of the relation between language and culture. Sociolinguistics is the study of the structure and use of language as it relates to its social setting. Theoretical linguistics is an approach to descriptive linguistics that makes a framework and a system for describing what happens in the whole encoding and sentence-making process for all languages.
A phoneme is the smallest class of sound that make a difference in meaning. Morphemes are the smallest units of sound that carry a meaning. Note the subtle difference between the two. Allomorphs are the variants of a single morpheme. Morphemes can be bound or free. Bound morphemes are sounds that can occur in language only in combination with other sounds, as 's' in English to signify the plural. Free morphemes are those that can occur unattatched in a language; for example, 'dog' and 'cat' are free morphemes in English.
Syntax is the rules of phrase and sentence making. Grammar is the entire formal structure of language consisting of all observations about the morphemes and syntax. Paralanguage is the extralinguistic noises that accompany language, for example, those of crying and laughing. Kinesics is a system of postures, facial expressions, and body motions that convey messages.
Descriptive linguistics is the study of language concerned with registering and explaining all the features of a language at one point in history. Historical linguistics studies the relationships between earlier and later forms of a language, antecedents in older languages of developments in modern languages, and relationships among older languages. Language family is a group of languages which are ultimately decended from a single ancestral language. Language subgroups are languages of a family that are more closely related to one another than they are to other languages of the same family. Linguistic divergence is the development of different languages from a single ancestral language. Glottochronology is a method of dating divergence in branches of language families.
Dialects are varying forms of a language that reflect particular regions or social classes and that are similar enough to be mutually intelligible. Code switching is the process of changing from one level of language to another.
Self-awareness is the ability to identify oneself as an object, to react to oneself, and to appraise oneself. Patterns of affect are how people feel about themselves and others. Personality is the distinctive way a person thinks, feels, and behaves. Basic personality structures are personality traits that are shared by nearly all the members of a society. Modal personality is typical of a society as indicated by the central tendancy of a defined frequency distribution.
Incest taboo is the prohibition of sexual relations between immediate kin, such as a parent and child.
Dependence training is the child-rearing practice that foster compliance in the performance of assigned tasks and dependence on the family rather than reliance on oneself. Independence training is the child-rearing practice that promote independence, self-reliance, and personal achievement on the part of the child.
Ethnic psychoses are mental disorders peculiar to particular ethnic groups. It is actually a form of paranoid schizophrenia that takes on a ethno-specific form. For example, the Windigo psychosis is peculiar to northern Algonkian peoples who fear they are becoming a Windigo. [A flesh-eating monster] They begin to see other people as edible animals. Ironically it's based in a deep-seated fear of cannibalism.
The study of cultures of the present. Ethnography is the fieldwork associated with this branch.
Adaption is the possession of anatomical, physiological, and/or behavioral characteristics that foster the survival of organisms in the special envrionmental conditions in which they are generally found. Preadaption, in culture, is existing customs with the potential for a new cultural adaption.
Culture area is a geographic region in which a number of different societies follow a similar pattern of life. Culture type is the view of a culture in terms of the relation of its particular technology to the environment explored by that technology. Culture core is the features of a culture that play a part in matters relating to the society's way of making a living.
Horticulture is the cultivation of crops carried out with hand tools. Pastoralist is a type of subsistence pattern in which food production is based largely upon the mainenance of animal herds. Preindustrial cities are kinds of urban settlements that are characteristic of nonindustrial civilizations.
Ecosystems is a system or a functional whole, composed of both the physical environment and the organisms living within it. Carrying capacity is the number of people who can be supported by the available resources at a given level of technology. Density of social relations is the number and intensity of interactions among the members of a camp or other residential unit.
Cultural ecology is the study of the interaction of specific human cultures with their environment.
Marriage is defined as a transaction and resulting contract in which a woman and a man establish a continuing claim to the right of sexual access to one another, and in which the woman involved is eligible to bear children. The conjugal bond is the bond between a man and a woman who are married. Group marriage is a form of marriage where several men and women have sexual access to each other. Levirate marriage is a custom by which a widow marries a brother of her dead husband. Sorate marriage is a custom by which the widower marries his dead wife's sister. Serial marriage is a form of marriage where a man or woman lives with a series of partners in succession.
Affinal kin are relatives by marriage. Consanguineal kin are the relatives by birth ['blood' relatives]. Kindred is a group of people closely related to one living individual through both parents. [To see illustrated kinship systems click here.]
Endogamy is the rule that marriage must be within a particular group or category of individuals. Conversely, exogamy is the rule that marriage must be outside the group. Monogamy is a marriage in which an individual has a single spouse. Polygamy is an individual having more than one spouse. Polygyny is a form of polygamy where a man has several wives. Polyandry is a form of polygamy where a woman has more than one husband. Hypergamy exists in a caste-structured society, the practice of allowing marriage into the next higher caste.
Nuclear family is a family unit consisting of a mother, father and dependent children. Consanguine family is a family consisting of related women, their brothers, and the offspring of the women. Extended family is a collection of nuclear families, related by blood that live together.
Patrilocal residence is the pattern that the married couple lives in the locality of the husband's father's relatives. Conversly, matrilocal is the pattern where the married couple lives in the wife's relative's locality. Ambilocal residence [aka bilocal] is the pattern where the married couple lives in either family's locality. Neolocal residence is a pattern in which a married couple form a household in a location that has no connection with either the husband or the wife's families. Avunculocal residence is the pattern where the married couple live with the husband's mother's brother.
Bride price is a compensation paid by the groom or his family to the bride's family upon marriage. Bride service is a designated period of time after marriage during which the groom works for the bride's family.
Descent group is any publically recognized social entity such that being a lineal descendant of a particular real or mythical ancestor is a criterion of membership. Unilineal descent establishes group membership exclusively through either the mother's or the father's line. Matrilineal traces exclusively through the female line for purposes of group membership. Patrilineal traces exclusively through the male line for the purposes of group membership.
Double descent is a system according to which descent is reckoned matrilineally for some purposes and patrilineally for others. Ambilineal descent is that which the individual may affiliate with either the mother's or the father's descent group.
Lineage is a corporate descent group whose members claim descent from a common ancestor and who can trace their genealogical links to that ancestor. Fission is the splitting of a descent group into two or more new descent groups. Clan is a noncorporrate descent group with each member claiming descent from a common ancestor without actually knowing the genealogical links to that ancestor. Band is a small group of related people occupying a single region.
The top level is Moiety;
the second is Phratry;
the third is Clan; and
the fourth level is Lineage.
Age grade is a category of people based on age; every individual passes through a series of such categories in the course of a lifetime. Age class is a collection of people occupying an age grade. Age sets are groups of persons initiated into age grades at the same time and who move through the series of categories together.
Common-interest associations are not based on age, kinship, marriage, or territory that result from an act of joining. Stratified society is a class-structured society in which all members do not share eqully in the basic resources that support life or in influence and social prestige. Egalitarian societies are political systems in which as many valued positions exist as there are persons capable of filling them. Social class is a set of families that enjoy equal, or nearly equal prestige according to the system of evaluation. Caste is a special form of social class in which membership is determined by birth and remains fixed for life.
Symbolic indicators in a statified society are activities and possissions that are indicative of social class. Mobility is the ability to change one's class position. Open class societies are stratified socieities that permit a great deal of social mobility.
Substantivism is the view that the principles of market economics cannot be applied in the study of societies that do not exchange goods for gain. Capital is any resource that is not used up in the process of producing goods.
Reciprocity is the exchange of goods and services, of approximately equal value, between two parties. Generalized reciprocity is a mode of exchange in which neither the value of the gift is calculated nor the time of repayment specified. Balanced reciprocity is a mode of exchange in which the giving and the receiving are specific as to the value of the goods and the time of their delivery. Negative reciprocity is a form of exchange in which the giver tries to get the better of the exchange.
Leveling mechanism is a social obligation compelling a family to distribute goods so that no one accumulates more wealth than anyoine else. Silent trade is a form of barter in which no verbal communication takes place. Redistribution is a form of exchange in which goods flow into a central place, sucha as a market, and are distributed again. Conspicuous consumption is the display of wealth for social prestige.
The State in anthropology is a centralized political system with the power to coerce. Sanctions are externalized social controls designed to encourage conformity to social norms. The Law is a social norm, the neglect or infraction of which is regularly met in threat or in fact, by the application of physical force on the part of an individual or group possessing the socially recognized privelege of so acting. Negotiation is the use of direct argument and compromise by the parties to a dispute to voluntarily arrive at a mutually satisfactory agreement. Mediation is settlement of a dispute through negotiation assisted by an unbiased third party. Adjudication is mediation with the ultimate decision made by an unbiased third party.
World view is the conceptions, explicit and implicit, of a society or an individual of the limits and workings of its world.
Folklore is a term used to refer to the traditional oral stories and sayings. Myth is a traditional narratative of semi-historical events htat explains ultimate questions of human existence. Legends are semihistorical narratives coming down from the past that recount the deeds of heroes, the movements of peoples, and the establishment of social customs. Epics are long oral narratives, sometimes in poetry or rhythmic prose, recounting the glorious events in the life of a real or legendary person. A tale is a creative narrative recognized as fiction for entertainment. A motif is a story situation in a folktale.
Ethnolmusicology is the study of a society's music in terms of its cultural setting. Tonality in music is the scale systems and their modifications.
Invention is the discovery by a single individual of a new tool or principle that becomes socially shared. Diffusion is the spread of customs or practices from one culture to another.
Acculturation is a major culture change that occurs as a result of prolonged contact between societies. Substitution is the replacement of a preexisting trait or complex by another that fills its function, with minimal structural change. Syncretism is the blending of old traits to form a new system. Addition is the addition of new traits or complexes. Deculturation is the loss of a substantial part of a culture. Origination is the development of new traits to meet the needs of the changing situations. Rejection is that changes may be so rapid that a large number of persons cannot accept them, resulting in either total rejection, rebellion, or revitalization movements.
There are a variety of revitalization movements. Traditional is attempts to speed up the acculturation process in order to share more fully in the supposed benefits of the dominant culture. Millenarism attempts to resurreect a suppressed pariah group which has long suffered in an inferior social position and which has its own special subcultural ideology. Nativisitic [revivalisitc] is a movement that tries to reconstitute a destroyed but not forgotten way of life. Revolutionary is from within directed primarily at the ideological system and the attendant social astructure of a culture.
Modernization is the process of cultural and socieoeconomic change whereby developing societies acquire some of the characteristics of Western industrialized societies.
Structural differentiation is the division of single traditional roles, which embrace two or more functions into two or more roles, each with a single specialized function. Integrative mechanism is cultural mechanisms , such as nationalistic ideologies, formal governmental structures, political parties, legal codes, labor and trade unions, and common-interest associations, that oppose forces for differentiation in a society. Tradtion in a moderinizing society is old cultural practices which may oppose new forces of differentiation and integration.
Pantheons are several gods and godesses of a people. Animism is a belief in spirit beings which are thought to animate nature. Animatism is belief that the world is animated by impersonal spiritual powers. Totems are symbols with religious significance usually animals but sometimes plants, natural forces, or objects, used by a clan as means of identification. Totemism is the belief that people are decended from animals, plants, or natural objects.
Monotheism is the belief in a single deity. Polytheism is belief in multiple deities. Atheism is to believe that there is no supreme being and that humans are solely responsible for themselves.
Priest or Priestess is a full-time religious specialist. Shaman is a person who has special religious power acquired through his or her own initiative and is thought to possess certain speical abilities to deal with supernatural beings and powers.
Rites of passage are religious rituals marking important stages in the lives of individuals, such as birth, marriage and death. Rites of intensification are religious rituals that take place during a real or potential crisis for a group. Separation in rites of passage is the ritual removal of the individual following separation and prior to incorporation. Incorporation is then, the reincorporation of the individual into society in his or her new status.
Sympathetic magic is that which is based on the principle of like produces like. Contagious magic is based on the principle that things once in contact can influence one another after separtion. Witchcraft is often seen as an inborn and unconscious capacity to work evil. Sorcery is deliberate actions undertaken by human beings for the purpose of doing specific harm. Divination is a magical procedure by which the cause of a particular event, such as illness, may be determined or the future foretold.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112107
|
Apache DevCenter
oreilly.comSafari Books Online.Conferences.
Introducing mod_security
by Ivan Ristic
Running public web applications may seem like playing Russian roulette. Although achieving robust security on the Web is possible in theory, there's always a weak link in real life. It only takes one slip of the code to allow attackers unrestricted access to your data. If you have a public web application of modest complexity running, chances are good that is has some kind of security problem. Take this URL for example:
If your application is vulnerable to SQL injection, invoking the URL above may very well delete all user data from your application. Do you make regular database backups?
Fortunately, the mod_security Apache module can protect you from this and other forms of web attacks.
Why Would You Use mod_security?
A year and a half ago, before I started working on mod_security, I used Snort to monitor my web traffic. It worked very well; I told Snort which keywords I was interested in and it alerted me every time one appeared in the data stream. But I wanted more. I wanted the freedom to specify complex rules and perform various HTTP related actions. Besides, having an IDS installed wherever a web server exists is very time consuming and expensive.
At the time I also tried the combination of mod_rewrite and mod_setenvif. Using mod_rewrite it is very easy to detect the words drop and table, and then redirect the client away from the original URL, preventing the attack. However, while that would certainly keep away less knowledgeable attackers, a determined attacker could simply invoke the same URL as above but use the POST method instead of GET. Since POST variables are not considered in the normal processing of most modules, the attack would go through.
Having established the need to build a new tool, I faced two choices: go with Java and create a full-blown reverse proxy and application gateway application, or create an Apache module, building on top of a large amount of existing code. Option one would require a lot of work and probably result in something very few people would want to use (hey, I wouldn't use it either). I wanted to build something flexible and easy to use, so I chose the latter. I've never looked back.
Going back to our URL example, to prevent the "drop table" SQL injection attack with mod_security, add the following to your Apache configuration:
SecFilter "drop[[:space:]]table"
The only parameter is a regular expression to be applied to the incoming request. This seems achievable with mod_rewrite, but the difference here is that mod_security will detect and prevent attacks performed using either GET or POST. As it turns out, adding the ability to monitor POST requests was a very big problem for Apache 1.3.x since it does not support a notion of filters.
Installation and Configuration
The best way to install mod_security is to compile it from the source code (or, if you are running Apache on Windows and don't have a compiler around go to the web site and download a pre-compiled dll):
$ /path/to/apache/bin/apxs -cia mod_security.c
# /path/to/apache/bin/apachectl stop
# /path/to/apache/bin/apachectl start
Before you do that you need to add few lines to the configuration file:
<IfModule mod_security.c>
# Turn the filtering engine On or Off
SecFilterEngine On
# Make sure that URL encoding is valid
SecFilterCheckURLEncoding On
# Unicode encoding check
SecFilterCheckUnicodeEncoding Off
# Only allow bytes from this range
SecFilterForceByteRange 0 255
# Only log suspicious requests
SecAuditEngine RelevantOnly
# The name of the audit log file
SecAuditLog logs/audit_log
# Debug level set to a minimum
SecFilterDebugLog logs/modsec_debug_log
SecFilterDebugLevel 0
# Should mod_security inspect POST payloads
SecFilterScanPOST On
# By default log and deny suspicious requests
# with HTTP status 500
SecFilterDefaultAction "deny,log,status:500"
I've left the comments in the code so it should be pretty evident what directives do. This configuration will activate mod_security but it won't do much. It is always a good idea to start with a relaxed configuration and build into a more restrictive one.
Related Reading
Apache Cookbook
By Ken Coar, Rich Bowen
So What Does this Do?
Even with the relaxed configuration, mod_security will still provide two benefits. First, it will perform a series of anti-evasive techniques and will canonicalize the input. This will help later when you start adding filtering rules to the configuration. Imagine you want to prevent people from executing a ps binary on the server, using a regular expression such as /bin/ps ax. This expression would catch simple invocations but perhaps not /bin//ps ax or /bin/ps%20ax or /bin/./ps ax. Here is a list of what mod_security does here:
• Remove multiple forward slashes (//).
• Remove self-referenced directories (./).
• Treat \ and / equally (on Windows only).
• Perform URL decoding.
• Replace null bytes (%00) with spaces.
I am also thinking about replacing all consecutive white space characters with spaces, but I am not yet sure about it.
The other benefit comes from certain built-in checks:
• URL encoding validation.
• Unicode encoding validation.
• Byte range verification, where only certain character values are allowed as part of a request.
Whenever a rule match occurs a series of actions is performed. The default action list (configured through SecDefaultAction) is used in most cases. It is also possible to specify per-rule actions by supplying a second parameter to SecFilter or a third parameter to SecFilterSelective. Supported actions are:
• deny, deny the request
• allow, stop rule processing and allow the request
• status:nnn, respond with a HTTP status nnn
• redirect:url, redirect the request to the absolute URL url
• exec:cmd, execute a script cmd
• log, log the request to the error log
• nolog, do not log the request
• pass, ignore the current rule match and go to the next rule
• pause:nnn, stall the request for nnn milliseconds. Be very careful with this action; one Apache instance will be busy stalling the request. You could actually help the attackers in creating a denial of service attack.
Other actions affect the flow of the rules, similarly to how mod_rewrite works:
• chain, go to evaluate the next rule in the chain. When one rule fails to trigger an alert the remaining rules from the chain will be skipped.
• skipnext:n, skip the next n rules.
Filtering Rules
Rules come in two flavors. In the simplest form,
SecFilter keyword
will apply the keyword (a regular expression) to the first line of the incoming request (the one that looks like GET /index.php HTTP/1.0) and to the POST payload if it exists. It is a pretty broad rule whose purpose is mostly to be used as a first step when rules are introduced in articles like this one. You should instead use:
SecFilterSelective "variable list separated with |" keyword
as it allows much better control over what should be analysed (and spends less CPU cycles doing it). Instead of continuing to bore you with the syntax I will now present a series of interesting examples. Let them serve as inspiration; the most useful rules usually come from dealing with real-world problems.
This rule will allow all requests from a single IP address (representing my workstation) through. No other rules will be processed. Since such requests do not represent attacks this rule match will not be logged:
SecFilterSelective REMOTE_ADDR "^IP_ADDRESS_HERE$" nolog,allow
This rule allows me full access from my laptop when I am on the road. Because I don't know what your IP address will be, access is granted to all clients having a string Blend 42 in the User-Agent field. This is poor protection on its own but can be pretty interesting on top of some other authentication method.
SecFilterSelective HTTP_USER_AGENT "Blend 42"
This rule prevents SQL injection in a cookie. If a cookie is present, the request can proceed only if the cookie only contains one to nine digits.
SecFilterSelective COOKIE_sessionid "!^(|[0-9]{1,9})$"
This rule requires HTTP_USER_AGENT and HTTP_HOST headers in every request. Attackers often investigate using simple tools (even telnet) and don't send all headers as browsers do. Such requests can be rejected, logged, and monitored.
SecFilterSelective "HTTP_USER_AGENT|HTTP_HOST" "^$"
This rule rejects file uploads. This is simple but effective protection, rejecting requests based on the content type used for file upload.
SecFilterSelective "HTTP_CONTENT_TYPE" multipart/form-data
This rule logs requests without an Accept header to examine them later; again, manual requests frequently do not include all HTTP headers. The Keep-Alive header is another good candidate.
SecFilterSelective "HTTP_ACCEPT" "^$" log,pass
This rule will send me an email when the boss forgets his password again. We have two rules here. The first will trigger only when one specific file is requested (the one showing the "Login failed" message. The second rule will then check to see if the username used was ceo. If it was, it will then execute an external script.
SecFilterSelective REQUEST_URI "login_failed\.php" chain
SecFilterSelective ARG_username "^ceo$" log,exec:/home/apache/bin/notagain.pl
This rule sends Google back home by redirecting Googlebot somewhere else, based on the User-Agent header. It does not log rule matches.
SecFilter HTTP_USER_AGENT "Google" nolog,redirect:http://www.google.com
This rule checks all variables for JavaScript, allowing it in a variable named html. Disallowing JavaScript in all variables can be very difficult for some applications (most notably CMS tools). By using this rule we disallow JavaScript in all variables except in the one named html, where we know it can appear.
SecFilter "ARGS|!ARG_html" "<[:space:]*script"
Finally, this example shows how you can have multiple mod_security configurations. This means you can tailor rules for a specific application. Note the usage of the directive SecFilterInheritance. With it we tell mod_security to disregard all rules from the parent context and start with a clean slate.
<Location /anotherapp/>
SecFilterForceByteRange 32 126
# Use this directive not to inherit rules from the parent context
SecFilterInheritance Off
# Developers often have special variables, which they use
# to turn the debugging mode on. These two rules will
# allow the use of a variable "debug" but only coming from
# the internal network
SecFilterSelective REMOTE_ADDR "!^192.168.254." chain
SecFilterSelective ARG_debug "!^$"
Performance Considerations
I have never had any performance problems with mod_security. In my performance tests the speed difference was around 10 percent. However, the practical performance penalty is smaller. On real web sites, a single page request may provoke many static requests for images, style sheets, and JavaScript libraries. Mod_security is smart enough not to look at those only if you tell it not to:
SecFilter DynamicOnly
The bottleneck is always in the IO operations. Make sure that the debugging mode is never turned on on a production server, and avoid using the full audit logging mode unless you really need to. In the configuration above, mod_security is configured to only log relevant requests, e.g., those that have triggered a filter.
Other Features
Internal chroot
If you have ever tried to chroot a web server you probably know that it is sometimes a complex task. With mod_security the complexity goes away. You are one configuration directive away from a chrooted server:
SecChrootPath /chroot/home/web/apache
The only requirement is that the web server path in the chroot be the same as the path outside of the chroot (in the example above, /home/web/apache). In addition to making chrooting very easy, this approach will allow you to have a chroot that contains only data files without binaries. This advantage comes from the fact that the chroot call is executed internally, after all the dynamic libraries are loaded and log files opened.
Changing Server Signature
Attackers and automated scripts frequently learn about the server and the version from the "Server" HTTP header that is delivered with every response. You can change only change this by changing the Apache source code, but you can also use this directive. (You should use this feature only if you're running Apache 1.x. Module mod_headers included with Apache 2.x should be able to intercept outgoing headers, and change them on the fly):
SecServerSignature "Microsoft-IIS/5.0"
What Next?
Although I compared mod_security to Snort at the beginning of this article, mod_security is just another tool in your security belt. It works best together with an IDS operating on a network level. Its biggest advantage is in filling the gap between the web server and the application, allowing you to protect your applications without actually touching the source code.
While you are reading this article I am busy working on a couple of new and very interesting features. First of all, I want to complete multipart/form-data encoding support. Once that is done, you will be able to intercept file uploads and run checks on files (using external binaries), with an option to reject them for any reason. Even more interesting is a feature called a "Application Armour," a special form of application lockdown where for each script you will be able to specify and verify every incoming parameter (you won't need to do it manually, don't worry).
In the meantime, please send me your comments and requirements to influence the way mod_security develops.
Ivan Ristic is a Web security specialist and the author of ModSecurity, an open source intrusion detection and prevention engine for web applications, and the author of O'Reilly's Apache Security.
Return to Apache DevCenter.
Sponsored by:
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112117
|
Search Results (61 videos found)
Layout: Sort by:
Results per page:
NASA Connect - WATMTG - Apparent Weight Web Activity (2004)
Genre: Educational
Duration: 00:02:11
Popularity (downloads): 1585
NASA Connect - XPG - Weight and Aerodynamics (2004)
NASA Connect segment explaining the forces that affect the X-33 and how these forces relate to everyday objects. The video explores weight and aerodynamics and how to design vehicles to...
Genre: Educational
Keywords: NASA Connect; X-33; Model; Performance; Composite Materials; Weight; Aerodynamics; Lift; Drag;
Duration: 00:02:56
Popularity (downloads): 2326
Autobiography of a Jeep (1943)
Genre: Ephemeral
Duration: 00:09:33
Popularity (downloads): 381
Genre: Educational
Duration: 00:11:43
Popularity (downloads): 1000
Skating on lake, Central Park (1902)
Genre: Historical
Keywords: Skating--New York (State)--New York; Winter--New York (State)--New York; Central Park (New York, N. Y.); Skaters--New York (State)--New York; Actuality--Short;
Duration: 00:00:54
Popularity (downloads): 728
NASASciFiles - The Four Forces of Flight (2003)
Genre: Educational
Duration: 00:05:26
Popularity (downloads): 2315
NASASciFiles - Aerospace Engineering (2003)
Genre: Educational
Duration: 00:03:18
Popularity (downloads): 1792
Computer Animation of Loma Prieta Aftershocks, segment 11 of 12 (1989)
Concluding summary
Genre: Documentary
Keywords: Earthquakes;
Duration: 00:00:47
Popularity (downloads): 552
NASASciFiles - Flight Materials (2003)
Genre: Educational
Duration: 00:03:10
Popularity (downloads): 1928
NASA Connect - SOF - Forces of Flight (2004)
NASA Connect segment explainging the fundamentals of flight and the science behind it.
Genre: Educational
Keywords: NASA Connect; Flights; Thrust; Weight; Lift; Drag;
Duration: 00:03:46
Popularity (downloads): 1766
The Open Video Project is managed at the Interaction Design Laboratory,
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112120
|
Howard Chu writes:
>Hallvard B Furuseth wrote:
>> Then the doc has been misleading all this time - "regenerating" the
>> index sounds like cleaning away any junk too. So I suggest a louder
>> change: Add a non-truncate option too, and warn if neither option is
>> used.
> That seems unnecessary. Nobody has had a problem with this behavior in
> 8 years.
Well, the problem would normally just be poorer performance or more
memory use than necessary.
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112127
|
User:Trevor M. Tomesh
From OpenWetWare
Jump to: navigation, search
I am a new member of OpenWetWare!
Contact Info
Trevor M. Tomesh (an artistic interpretation)
Trevor M. Tomesh (an artistic interpretation)
I work in the Your Lab at XYZ University. I learned about OpenWetWare from Google, and I've joined because I would like to make my PhD work publicly available as I am doing it..
• Year, PhD, Institute
• Year, MS, Institute
• Year, BS, Institute
Research interests
1. Interest 1
2. Interest 2
3. Interest 3
leave a comment about a paper here
All Medline abstracts: PubMed HubMed
Useful links
Personal tools
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112130
|
Getting Started with Oracle9i Reports
Home Any Data
Any Format JSP-based Web Source XML Report Definitions Frame-based Reporting Graphing Multi-format Output Integration with Oracle9iAS Portal Integration with 9iAS Pluggable Engines PL/SQL-Java Bridge Conditional Formatting Accessibility Anywhere
Technical Illustration
Pluggable Engines
Pluggable engines are custom Java classes written against a public API. Plugged into the server, these engines enhance the server with their functionality, as well as leverage the server's other features, such as scheduling, distribution, notification, and caching. OracleAS Reports Services provides an out-of-the-box pluggable engine called the URL engine. The URL engine enables you to distribute content from any publicly available URL to such destinations as e-mail, OracleAS Portal, and WebDAV.
Pluggable Destinations
Oracle (logo) Next Topic
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112146
|
Permalink for comment 458410
RE: Under the hood
by cdude on Sun 16th Jan 2011 16:11 UTC in reply to "Under the hood"
Member since:
Well, it's the first iteration. Give it some more and it will become unity :-)
Reply Parent Score: 1
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112172
|
Cross-linking default values in MySql tables.
• digisales
• Newbie
• Newbie
• digisales
• Posts: 9
Post 3+ Months Ago
I hope I'm in the right forum, and can ask this question in a way that makes some sense . .
Basically, what I need to do is be able to use MySql in a way similar to an Excel spreadsheet. Here's what I mean:
Each subscriber to my site is able to save data to 3 different tables in a MySql database - meaning there 3 tables for each subscriber. Within the structure of those tables there are several default values that are the same for all tables. (Because of the way the site operates, it is necessary for each table to reflect the same default value.)
My question is:
Is there a way to set up a "Master Default Table" and have each subscriber's tables "call" the default values from that Master?
That way, if I need to change a default value, I can do so from the Master table, and the change will occur in all tables that include that same default value.
Any help is much appreciated, even if you just want to direct me to a tutorial or something. I'm new to MySql, and I'm learning on my own.
• Anonymous
• Bot
• No Avatar
• Posts: ?
• Loc: Ozzuland
• Status: Online
Post 3+ Months Ago
• Rabid Dog
• Web Master
• Web Master
• User avatar
• Posts: 3245
• Loc: South Africa
Post 3+ Months Ago
I think you need to look up database normalisation. This will illustrate how to set up tables for referencing what you call default data as opposed to duplicating it.
Let me know if you need help finding references :)
Post Information
• Total Posts in this topic: 2 posts
• Users browsing this forum: No registered users and 116 guests
• You cannot post new topics in this forum
• You cannot reply to topics in this forum
• You cannot edit your posts in this forum
• You cannot delete your posts in this forum
• You cannot post attachments in this forum
|
global_05_local_4_shard_00000656_processed.jsonl/112178
|
5 Shows After Dark: Monkey Fighting Snakes, Indeed
By Genevieve Burgess | Miscellaneous | April 29, 2012 | Comments ()
"Finding Your Roots with Henry Louis Gates Jr." on PBS at 8:00pm ET. Tonight's episode features Samuel L. Jackson, Condoleezza Rice and Ruth Simmons. I want them to tell Sam Jackson that all their research turned up was a long line of people labelled "Bad Motherfucker".
"Game of Thrones" on HBO at 9:00pm ET. The title is "The Ghost of Harrenhal" so expect super creepy funtime!
"Masterpiece: Birdsong" on PBS at 9:00pm ET. The Edwardian angst, she continues. Also, thanks to the astute readers last week who alerted us all to the presence of Richard Madden aka Robb Stark who is ALSO in this. Although probably in a significantly less awesome capacity than in "Game of Thrones" because I haven't heard of anyone in WWI taking a giant wolf into battle with them.
"The Borgias" on Showtime at 10:00pm ET. Randy popes of the Renaissance still trucking along then?
"Mad Men" on AMC at 10:00pm ET.
Around the Web
I Was Only Joking When I Said I'd Like to Smash Every Tooth in Your Head: Five Things You May Not Have Heard About This Week | Life After High Fidelity: John Cusack's 10 Worst Reviewed Films
Comments Are Welcome, Jerks Will Be Banned
blog comments powered by Disqus
Follow Us
Related Posts
Viral Hits
Celebrity Facts
The Best TV & Movie Quotes
The Walking Dead
How I Met Your Mother
True Detective
Parks and Recreation
30 Practical Tips About the Horrors of Raising Children
25 Practical Tips About the Horrors of Raising Twins
|
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.